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Paid Leave Provisions
in Major Contracts, 1961

• V a ca tio n s
• H olidays
• J u ry Duty
• Fu n eral Leave

Bulletin N o . 13 42
U N I T E D ST ATES D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R




W . W illa rd W irtz , S e cre ta ry
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

Paid Leave Provisions
in Major Contracts, 1961

e Vacations
e

Holidays

#

Jury Duty

e

Funeral Leave

Bulletin No. 1342
O c to b e r 1962

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. W illa rd W irtz , S e cre ta ry
BUREAU O F LA B O R STATISTICS
Ewan C la g u e , Com m issioner

\LpJj
/o

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C.




f* \

Price 30 cents




Preface
F o r the fo u r s t u d ie s b ro u g h t t o g e t h e r in th is b u l­
le tin , v ir t u a ll y a ll a g r e e m e n t s in the U n ite d S ta te s c o v e r ­
in g 1 , 0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s , e x c lu s i v e o f r a i lr o a d and
a ir li n e a g r e e m e n t s , w e r e a n a ly z e d .
T h e a p p r o x i m a t e ly
1, 7 0 0 a g r e e m e n t s s tu d ie d c o v e r e d a bo u t 7. 4 m i l l i o n w o r k ­
e r s , o r a lm o s t h a lf o f e s t i m a t e d t o t a l c o l le c t i v e b a r g a i n ­
ing c o v e r a g e in the U n ite d S ta te s o u ts id e o f the r a i lr o a d
and a ir li n e i n d u s t r i e s .

A l l a g r e e m e n t s s tu d ie d w e r e p a r t o f the B u r e a u rs
file
o f c u rren t a g r e e m e n ts
m a in t a in e d
f o r p u b lic and
g o v e r n m e n t a l u s e u n d e r the p r o v i s i o n s
o f the
L aborM a n a g e m e n t R e la t io n s A c t o f 1 9 4 7 , a s a m e n d e d . T h e p r o ­
v is i o n s o f a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r in g 1 , 0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s do
n ot n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t p o li c y in s m a l l e r c o l le c t i v e b a r ­
g a in in g s itu a tio n s o r in l a r g e o r s m a l l u n o r g a n iz e d f i r m s .

T h e s e s tu d ie s w e r e u n d e r ta k e n in the B u r e a u * s
D iv i s i o n o f W a g e s and In d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s u n d e r the s u ­
p e r v is io n o f H a r r y P . C ohany.
T h e r e p o r t on p a id v a ­
c a tio n s w a s p r e p a r e d b y F r a n k W . M e r r i t t ; on h o lid a y s
b y J a m e s A . S o c k n a t; on ju r y le a v e b y D en a G . W e i s s
and E r n e s t i n e M . M o o r e ; and on d e a th le a v e by T h e e s s a L .
E l l i s and L a u r a A . W o o d .







From the April, May, and August 1962 issues of
the Monthly Labor Review with an appendix table.

ii

C ontents
Page

1
1

G r a d u a t e d p l a n s __________________________________________________________________________________
S e r v i c e a n d v a c a t i o n t i m e ________________________________________________________________
V a c a t i o n p a t t e r n s ___________________________________________________________________________
O t h e r t y p e s o f v a c a t i o n p l a n s ______________________________________________________________
P r e v a l e n c e o f h o l i d a y p r o v i s i o n s in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 _______________
S c o p e o f s t u d y _____________________________________________________________________________________
P r e v a l e n c e o f p a i d h o l i d a y s _________________________________________________________________
B y i n d u s t r y ____________________________________________________________________________________
B y r e g i o n _______________________________________________________________________________________
S p e c i a l p r a c t i c e s ____________________________________________________________________________
P r e v a l e n c e o f u n p a id h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________________________
P a i d j u r y l e a v e in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 _________________________________________
P a y p r o v i s i o n s ____________________________________________________________________________________
O t h e r p r o v i s i o n s _________________________________________________________________________________
P a i d l e a v e o n d e a t h in f a m i l y in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 _____________________
P r e v a le n c e
________________________________________________________________________________________
D u r a t i o n _____________________________________________________________________________________________
E l i g i b i l i t y ___________________________________________________________________________________________
R e l a t i o n t o o v e r t i m e ____________________________________________________________________________

1
1
3
4

1
1
11
11
13
17
17
18
21
21
21
24
25

A p p e n d ix :
L en g th o f s e r v ic e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c ific v a c a tio n
a l l o w a n c e s in g r a d u a t e d p l a n s , m a j o r c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g
a g r e e m e n t s , b y i n d u s t r y , 1 9 6 1 ______________________________________________________________

27




iii

O O vO VO

P a i d v a c a t i o n s in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1
P r e v a l e n c e o f p a i d v a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s _________________________________________________




Paid Leave Provisions in Major Contracts, 1961

Paid Vacation Provisions
in Major Union Contracts, 1961
T

he

tr e n d

dustries accounted for 1,030 of the agreements and
nonmanufacturing, for 668 agreements and 3,071,
000 workers.
All of the 1,698 agreements studied were in
effect at the beginning of 1961, with about 30
percent of them scheduled for renegotiation during

in vacation benefits continues up­

ward, a Bureau of Labor Statistics study of major
collective bargaining agreements in effect in 1961
has revealed.1 Since 1957, the date of the Bureau’s
previous survey,1
2 the proportion of vacation plans
providing for paid leave of up to 4 weeks or longer
has more than doubled, rising from 20 to 43 per­
cent of all graduated plans (chart 1). A vacation

the year.

Prevalence of Paid Vacation Provisions
Ninety-tw o percent of the major agreements
analyzed provided some form of vacation allow­
ance (table 1). Paid vacations were granted in
nearly all manufacturing agreements, and in 4
out of 5 nonmanufacturing agreements. Of the

period of 3 or 3K weeks was provided in 1961 to
long-service workers by 49 percent of the gradu­
ated plans. The 2-week vacation maximum,
which was predominant in 1949, was provided b y
fewer than 1 out of 10 agreements in 1961.
The extension of maximum vacation periods has

142 agreements without vacation provisions, 124
were in the construction industry.
Over 90 percent of the agreements with vacation
benefits established graduated plans, under which
benefits increased with length of service. Of the
142 agreements with other types of vacation

been accompanied b y reduction in length-ofservice requirements. The proportion of agree­
ments requiring 15 and 25 years of service to
qualify for 3 and 4 weeks, respectively, dropped
markedly during the 4-year period (chart 2). In

provisions, 75 required employer contributions to
central funds which subsequently provided vaca­
tion pay directly to workers. The remaining 67
plans were of the following types:

1961, 26 percent of the workers under agreements
were eligible for a 3-week allowance after 10 years’
employment, compared with 11 percent in 1957.

Agreements

All plans___________________________
Uniform plan___________________________
Ratio-to-work plan_____________________
Reference-to-vacation p la n 1_________
Other plans 2____________________________

67
18
15
13
21

Workers

462, 900
245, 950
93, 900
31, 750
91, 300

For this study of selected aspects of paid vaca­
tion plans (types of plans, length of vacation
periods, service requirements, and vacation pat­
terns 3), the Bureau analyzed 1,698 collective
bargaining agreements covering 1,000 or more
workers each, or virtually all agreements of this
size in the United States except those in railroad
or airline industries.4 The 7.4 million workers
covered represented almost half of the workers
under agreement in the United States, exclusive

Service and Vacation Time. In 1961, well over 1
out of 3 major manufacturing agreements and

of

over one-half of nonmanufacturing agreements

railroads

and

airlines.

Manufacturing

i N o details provided.
2 Usually combinations of several types of vacation plans.

Graduated Plans

in­

provided paid vacations of up to 4 weeks (table
2), as against 1 out of 6 manufacturing and
about 1 out of 4 nonmanufacturing contracts in

1 The study was concluded prior to the agreement in the steel industry,
effective on July 1,1962, which liberalized vacation policies.
2 See Paid Vacation Provisions in Major Union Contracts, 1957 (B LS B ul­
letin 1233, 1958); Monthly Labor Review, July 1958, pp. 744-751.
3 For a discussion of other aspects of paid vacation plans, such as computa­
tion of vacation pay, scheduling, and accumulation of leave, see BLS Bulletin
1233, op. cit.
* The Bureau does not maintain a file of railroad and airline agreements.




1957.

A provision for a m aximum vacation of

4 weeks appeared in 90 percent or more of the
agreements in the petroleum, rubber, and com­
munications industries.

1

2
Along with the increase in vacation time
during the period 1 957-61, the length of service
necessary to qualify for longer allowances moved
downward.
In plans providing for a 2-week
vacation, the percentage requiring 5 years’ service
fell from 36 to 30 percent, while 2- and 3-year
requirements rose slightly. The length of service
required for 3 weeks’ vacation ranged from 1
year to 25 years (table 3). Forty percent of the
plans specified 15 years and 36 percent, 10 years
of service as a requirement for a 3-week vacation
5 A d e ta ile d ta b u la tio n of v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s b y indu stry ap­
pears in the ap pend ix beg in n in g on p. 27»

Chart 1.

in 1961, as against 65 and 18 percent, respectively,
in 1957.
Twenty-five years was the required length of
service in slightly over one-half of the agreements
granting a 4-week vacation, compared with over
two-thirds of the agreements in 1957.
Allowances at lower service levels tended to
be more liberal in 1961 in industries which pro­
vided the higher maximum vacation allowances.5
6
For example, the petroleum industry, in which
all plans provided a 4-week maximum length of
vacations, required only 1 year of service for
2 weeks of vacation and 10 years for 3 weeks.

M axim um V a c a tio n A llo w a n ces in Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements,

1949,1952, 1957, and 1961

1 week
o r l ess

2
weeks

over 2
weeks

1949
t ,3 1 4
i

2

week

weeks

4,<yu&*neKt&
3

4

weeks

weeks

1952

Iessthan2
weeks

2 a n d 2 ^2
weeks

\

i

1957

Si
;■

1%

2
or

-

■ ■■ ■

15%)

64%

'

%
,•
20%
■ ...

if

1,524
weeks
l ess

3 and 3
weeks

1961




4 weeks
and over

3 a n d 3 V2
weeks

1,422

<z<£'iee*Kent&
Z 24
and

weeks
over

3

T able 1.

V acation Plans

in

M ajor C ollective B argaining A greements,

by

I ndustry, 1961

Agreements providing paid vacations
Number
studied
Graduated
plans

Total

Pooled vaca­
tion funds

Other plans *

Agreements
providing no
paid vacations

Industry
Agree­
ments

A ll industries____________ ____ ________________
M anufacturing__________ ____ __________ _____ ____
Ordnance and accessories _
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures_____ ____
Textile mill products_________ _
Apparel and other finished products_____________
Lumber and wood products, except furniture
Furniture and fixtures_____ __
Paper and allied products. Printing, publishing, and allied industries
Chemicals and allied products.
Petroleum refining and related industries
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products . . .
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries _.
Fabricated metal products_____ __
. . .
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies___
Transportation equipment.
Instruments and related products.............................
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Nonmanufacturing.

_________ _____________________

M ining, crude petroleum, and natural gas pro­
duction__________________ _
Transportation *_____ _______ __________________
Communications_______ __
Utilities: Electric and gas___
Wholesale trade____________
Retail trade_________________ . . .
Hotels and restaurants_____________ . . . . . __
Services________________________ ________________
Construction________ ___ ____ __________________
Miscellaneous nnnmannfactunng industries

W ork­
ers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers
(thou­
sands)

1, 698 7,365. 2

1,556 6, 687. 7

1,414 5, 736. 5

75

488.3

67

462.9

142

677.5

1,030 4,294.2

1,018 4,261.4

950 3,888.1

31

244.8

37

128. 6

12

32.8

67.2
20
114
345. 7
13
26.8
83.4
31
51
432.6
14
25.2
33.0
19
133.2
61
62.2
29
97.3
49
46.3
15
116.2
25
62.9
17
107.1
39
641.8
118
52
137.3
301.4
102
426.9
107
120 1,074.1
22
51.3
12
22.8

67.2
20
113
343.9
12
25.8
75.4
29
48
418.9
14
25.2
33.0
19
133.2
61
62.2
29
93.2
47
46.3
15
116.2
25
62.9
17
107.1
39
118
641.8
51
135.1
301.4
102
105
424.9
120 1,074.1
22
51.3
12
22.8

59.9
16
112
342.3
12
25. 8
65.8
27
18
176.1
25.2
14
29.2
17
133.2
61
29.6
15
42
86.0
46.3
15
24
111.2
61.4
16
38
106.1
641.8
118
50
133.7
300.2
101
424.9
105
117 1,018.6
49.9
21
21.3
11

4
1

7.3
1. 6

2
1

9.6
1.0

1
1
2
3

1.8
1.0
8.0
13.7

2

4.1

668 3,071.0

538 2,426.3

464 1, 848.5

20
111
77
78
12
108
34
54
43
1

17
87
77
74
12
105
33
50
9

20
112
78
78
12
108
34
58
167
1

240.4
674.4
511.4
193.4
20.1
289.5
165. 8
197.0
776.3
2.9

1 Includes agreements providing for uniform allowances regardless of length
of service, ratio-to-work plans, plans with combined features of several
different types of vacation arrangements, and plans whose details were not
available.

The food, paper, chemical, rubber, utilities, and
retail trade industries, where 4-week maximums
were common, required 2 or 3 years for 2 weeks’
vacation and 10 years for 3 weeks. Nearly all
of these industries had required 15 years’ service
for 3 weeks’ vacation in 1957.
Nearly 2 out of 5 graduated allowances were
in increments of half weeks or days in addition
to full weekly units.
A typical arrangement

240.4
673.3
510.4
193.4
20.1
289.5
165.8
152.0
178.7
2.9

33.2
498.5
510.4
177.5
20.1
280.3
160.5
144.0
24.1

29

1

241.8

1.5

3.8
32.6
7.2

1

5.0

1

1.0

1
1

1.4
1.2

3
1

55. 5
1.5

243.6

30

334.3

97.1

3
10

207.2
77.7

4

15.9

3
1
4
4
1

9.2
5.4
8.0
8.2
2.9

1

1.5

44

14

30

2
14
5

146.5

1

2.2

2

2.0

130

644.7

1
1

1.1
1.0

4
124

45.0
597.6

Excludes railroad and airline industries.
N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

years. Less than 1 year’s service was required
for all half-week vacations.
The majority of
agreements providing a 1%-week vacation stipu­
lated 3 years’ service, but nearly one fourth
required less than 2 years’ service.

might grant 1 week’s vacation after 1 year of

Vacation Patterns. The details of specific vaca­
tion plans varied widely among the agreements
analyzed. In total, about 500 different vacation
patterns (e.g., 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 5

service, and 1 additional day for each year of

years, 3 weeks for 15 years of service) were found

service between 1 and 5.

A worker with 3 years

of service would thus be entitled to 1 week and
2 days of vacation.6
Half-week and 1-day

among the 1,414 graduated plans.

The practice

of granting half weeks accounted for a substantial
number of these variations.

allowances at the lower benefit levels often stated

Over one-half of the workers under graduated

service requirements in months or fractions of

plans were covered b y 25 vacation plan patterns,

• For the purposes of this study, a half week was equivalent to 2 days
but less than 4 days, or 16 hours but less than 32 hours, or 1 percent but
less than 2 percent of annual earnings.

each found in at least 10 agreements (table 4 ),
which accounted for about two-fifths of all such
plans. The largest concentration of workers in




4
a single pattern— 1 week for 1 year, 1 % weeks for
3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 2 % weeks for 10 years,
3 weeks for 15 years— was contributed, in the main,

in the steel industry in 1961.71

b y 16 agreements in the automobile industry.
This same pattern, supplemented b y an additional

Other Types of Vacation Plans

(79). M ore than 80 percent of the workers
under this pattern were covered b y 52 contracts

half-week allowance after 25 years of service,
was the m ost frequent plan in terms of agreements

7 Beginning January 1,1963, regular vacation benefits in the steel industry
will be as follows: 1 year’s service—1 week; 3 years—2 weeks; 10 years’—3
weeks; 25 years’—4 weeks. In addition to this increase in regular vacations,
the agreement established a savings-vacation plan to provide supplemental
vacation and retirement benefits.

T able 2.

M aximum L ength

of

Alm ost all of the funded vacation benefit plans
were in industries characterized b y seasonal or
irregular employment and frequent job changes,
such as maritime, apparel, and construction.
Three-fifths of all paid vacation plans in the
apparel industry stipulated funded arrangements

V acations Provided in G raduated Plans, M ajor C ollective B argaining A gree­
ments , b y I ndustry , 1961

Total
graduated
plans

Maximum length of vacation i
1 week

2 weeks

2 ^ weeks

3 ^ weeks

3 weeks

Over 4 weeks

4 weeks

Industry
W ork­
W ork­
W o rk ­
W ork­
W o rk ­
W o rk ­
W ork­
W o rk ­
ers
A gree­ ers
ers
ers
A gree­ ers A gree­
A gree­
A gree­ ers A gree­ ers A gree­ ers A gree­
ments (thou­ ments (th o u ­ ments (th o u ­ ments (th o u ­ ments (thou­ ments (th o u ­ ments (thou­ ments (th o u ­
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
A ll industries_________ __
M a n u fa c tu rin g .

Ordnance apd accessories___
Food and kindred products..
T n h a c .c n m a n u f a c t u r e s

Textile mill p r o d u c t s _____
Apparel and other finished
products__ __ __ ______
Lum ber and wood products,
e x c e p t fu r n itu r e
F u r n it u r e a n d fix tu r e s

Paper and allied products.
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries
Chemicals and allied prod­
ucts________ _______ ______
Petroleum refining and re­
lated industries . . . ______
R ubber and miscellaneous
plastic products
__
Leather and leather prod­
ucts______________________
Stone, clay, and glass prod­
ucts ___ ___
_ _____
Primary metal industries___
Fabricated metal p rod u cts..
Machinery, except electrical.
Electrical machinery, equip­
ment, and supplies
Transportation equipm en t..
Instruments and related
products
Miscellaneous manufactur­
ing i n d u s t r i e s
Nonmanufacturing _
M ining, crude petroleum,
and natural gas production.
Transportation 2 ___________
Communications
Utilities: Electric and gas. _.
W h o le s a le tra d e

Retail trade
Hotels and restaurants
S e rv ic e s
C o n s tr u c tio n

1,414 5,736.5

3

6.0

110

463.8

13

38.7

559 2,126.7

117

694.0

596 2,369.5

16

37.9

950 3,888.1

3

6.0

63

320.1

12

36.9

417 1,692.0

110

676.2

338 1,141.3

7

15.8

1

3.5

4

9.4

1

1.2

1

1.0

1

4.2

9~

22.2

1
1
1
6

1.5
2.5
1.2
17.0

16
112
12
27

59.9
342.3
25.8
65.8

1

2.3

1
22

1.3
59.4

18

176.1

2

3.7

15

170.7

1

1.7

14
17
61

25.2
29.2
133.2

5
1

9. 6
4.0

8
15
9

11.6
23.7
13.5

15

29.6

9

42

86.0

7

15

46.3

24

111.2

__

2

'" " I T

3.4

11
38
9
3

46.4
77.1
21.2
4.3

5

11.1

1

1.5
1.2

4
65
1
1

10.0
244.8
1.0
1.1

1

4.0

50

117.3

17.9

6

11. 7

18.4

33

64.3

2

4.7

1

15

46.3

22

106.6

16

61.4

6

28.3

9

31.8

1

1.3

38
118
50
101

106.1
641.8
133. 7
300.2

2

6.7

3
1

8.2
6.0

22
40
21
61

69.9
61.3
42. 7
152. 6

3
63
14
6

8.0
537.9
28.7
18.9

11
14
12
33

21.5
41.6
54.1
122.7

424.9
105
117 1,018.6

3
2

7.0
13.3

52
80

180.2
868.3

2
14

2.9
64.9

46
13

228.2
42.1

13

31.4

1

1.1

7

17.4

1

2.1

7

13.8

3

5.5

21
11

2. 5
30.0

49.9
21.3

464 1, 848. 5 ~
17
87
77
74
12
105
33
50
9

1
8

33.2
498. 5
510.4
177. 5
20.1
280.3
160. 5
144.0
24.1

47

143.8

1

1.8

3
2

4.2
4.6

1

1.8

7
14
14
7

18.5
54.7
40.7
21.1

142

434.7

7

17.8

6
26
2
10
7
44
19
26
2

11.4
90.1
4.7
16.1
10. 5
125.1
105.8
68.2
3.0

4
2

12.3
2.9

1

2.7

258 1,228.3
3
55
74
58
5
53

3.9
396. 7
504.6
144.4
9.6
134.1

10

35.1

Miscellaneous nonmanufactn r in g in d u s tr ie s

1 Agreements providing pay in lieu of vacation were classified according to
the number of weeks paid for. When vacation pay was expressed as per­
centage of total annual earnings, 2 percent was considered equivalent to 1
week’s vacation.




2 Excludes railroad and airline industries.
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

5

between employers' associations and unions. The
employer was usually required to pay a certain
percentage of weekly wages into a health and wel­
fare or similarly titled fund. The m ajority of
these funds provided for such benefits as life
insurance, hospitalization, pensions, and medical
care, as well as vacation pay. The portion of the
contribution or amount to be specifically allocated
to vacation benefits was seldom stipulated.8

Chart 2.
Percentage of Selected Collective Bar­
gaining Agreements Granting Specific Vacation
Allowances for Selected Length of Service Require­
ments, 1957 and 1961
Percent

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

M ost of the 29 pooled funds in the apparel
industry were unilaterally administered by the
union.9 A few large agreements established
jointly administered funds, governed by a board
of trustees composed of union and employer
representatives and headed by an impartial
chairman.
Under funded arrangements in the maritime
industry, additional vacation benefits were granted
to employees having 1 full year of continuous
employment, as follows:
An employee shall be eligible for vacation benefits in
accordance with the following schedules:
Number o f months employed by contributing
employers in a spread of 720 days

Number of days of
vacation benefits

3 months__________________________________________
4 months__________________________________________
5 months_____________________________
6 months______ ____________________________________
7 months_______________________________
8 months_____________________
9 months__________________________________
10 months_______________________________________
11 months_______________________________________
12 months__________________________________________

11% days
15 days
18% days
22% days
26% days
30 days
33% days
37% days
41% days
45 days

The amount of vacation benefits shall be prorated in
accordance with the average base rate pay received by
the [employee] during the period of employment used in
determining eligibility to benefits.
In addition to [these] benefits, if an employee has been
in the continuous employ of one employer for 360 con­
secutive days, he shall be entitled to an additional 18 days
of vacation benefits.
Effective as of June 16, 1959, an employee who has been
in continuous employ of one employer for 360 consecutive
days shall be entitled to an additional 30 days of vacation
benefits instead of the aforesaid 18 days.

8 For actual percentage contributions to vacation and holiday funds in the
apparel industry, see Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary
Remuneration Practices for Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries,
1959 (B L S Bulletin 1308, 1962) p. 64.
9 Section 302 of the Labor Management Relations A ct forbids payments
b y an employer into trust funds unilaterally administered b y the union.
Section 302(g), however, excepts from this prohibition all funds established
before January 1, 1946, and funds which contained provisions for pooled
vacation benefits prior to January 1, 1947.




Funded vacation plans in the construction
industry usually designated a certain cents-perhour or percentage of weekly payroll contribution
to a bilaterally administered fund. The details
of the plan were to be determined b y the trustees,
as in the following example:
The vacation plan . . . shall continue to be admin­
istered by joint trustees composed of an equal number of
representatives of the union and . . . the [employers],
which shall designate their trustees and the method of
their replacement within 30 days from the date of execution
of this agreement.
Every employer shall continue to pay to the trustees
for the operation of the vacation plan not later than the
20th day of each month for each hour worked by all
employees . . . during the previous month the sum
of 10 cents per hour until July 1, 1959, at which time the
amount shall be increased to total 4 percent of the gross
total wage of each employee . . . for the balance of
the term of this agreement.

This plan shall provide that vacations shall be taken
with the mutual consent of the employer and the em-

5

between e m p lo y e d associations and unions. The
employer was usually required to pay a certain
percentage of weekly wages into a health and wel­
fare or similarly titled fund. The m ajority of
these funds provided for such benefits as life
insurance, hospitalization, pensions, and medical
care, as well as vacation pay. The portion of the
contribution or amount to be specifically allocated
to vacation benefits was seldom stipulated.8
M ost of the 29 pooled funds in the apparel
industry were unilaterally administered by the
union.9 A few large agreements established
jointly administered funds, governed by a board
of trustees composed of union and employer
representatives and headed b y an impartial
chairman.
Under funded arrangements in the maritime
industry, additional vacation benefits were granted
to employees having 1 full year of continuous
employment, as follows:
An employee shall be eligible for vacation benefits in
accordance with the following schedules:
Number o f months employed by contributing
employers in a spread of 720 days

Number of days of
vacation benefits

3 months__________
11% days
4 months__________________________________________ 15 days
5 months_____________________________
18% days
6 months____________________________________________22% days
7 months_____________________________
26% days
8 months_____________________
30 days
9 months____________________________________________33% days
10 months_________________________
37% days
11 months___________________________________________41% days
12 months___________________________________________45 days
The amount of vacation benefits shall be prorated in
accordance with the average base rate pay received by
the [employee] during the period of employment used in
determining eligibility to benefits.
In addition to [these] benefits, if an employee has been
in the continuous employ of one employer for 360 con­
secutive days, he shall be entitled to an additional 18 days
of vacation benefits.
Effective as of June 16, 1959, an employee who has been
in continuous employ of one employer for 360 consecutive
days shall be entitled to an additional 30 days of vacation
benefits instead of the aforesaid 18 days.

8 For actual percentage contributions to vacation and holiday funds in the
apparel industry, see Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary
Remuneration Practices for Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries,
1959 (B LS Bulletin 1308, 1962) p. 64.
9 Section 302 of the Labor Management Relations A ct forbids payments
b y an employer into trust funds unilaterally administered b y the union.
Section 302(g), however, excepts from this prohibition all funds established
before January 1, 1946, and funds which contained provisions for pooled
vacation benefits prior to January 1, 1947.




Chart 2.
Percentage of Selected Collective Bar­
gaining Agreements Granting Specific Vacation
Allowances for Selected Length of Service Require­
ments, 1957 and 1961

a fte r
service
of...

0

10

20

30

40

50

P e rc e n t
60
70

1 year
2 y e a rs
3 ye a rs
5 years

5 years
o r less
10 y e a r s
15 y e a r s

less than
20 y e a rs
20 ye a rs
25 y e a rs

Funded vacation plans in the construction
industry usually designated a certain cents-perhour or percentage of weekly payroll contribution
to a bilaterally administered fund. The details
of the plan were to be determined b y the trustees,
as in the following example:
The vacation plan . . . shall continue to be admin­
istered by joint trustees composed of an equal number of
representatives of the union and . . . the [employers],
which shall designate their trustees and the method of
their replacement within 30 days from the date of execution
of this agreement.
Every employer shall continue to pay to the trustees
for the operation of the vacation plan not later than the
20th day of each month for each hour worked by all
employees . . . during the previous month the sum
of 10 cents per hour until July 1, 1959, at which time the
amount shall be increased to total 4 percent of the gross
total wage of each employee . . . for the balance of
the term of this agreement.

This plan shall provide that vacations shall be taken
with the mutual consent of the employer and the em-

6
ployee . . . .
The employee must take his vacation
each year and except in unusual circumstances, with the
consent of the union, the employee shall not be paid
money in lieu of vacation.
The [vacation] plan will operate under a trust agreement
and a suitable depository in connection with same shall
be selected by the Board of Trustees.
All of the details of administration, . . . periods of
vacation, etc., shall be worked out by the said trustees.

Of the 15 ratio-to-work plans, 7 were in the
printing and publishing industry. In these indus­
tries, the amount of vacation pay was geared
to the number of days or hours worked in a year,
usually yielding a maximum of 3 weeks’ vacation:
[Employees] are entitled to a credit of one-fourteenth of
a day’s vacation with pay for each day worked with
their current employer, but shall not be credited with
more than 3 weeks’ paid vacation in any 1 year.

T able 3.

L ength

of

Seventy-nine percent of workers receiving vaca­
tions under ratio-to-work plans were accounted
for by seven transportation (stevedoring and
trucking) agreements. A typical provision in this
industry based vacation benefits on hours worked
during a year as follows:
Any [employee] who during the fiscal year . . . receives
from members of the [association], payment for 1,200
hours or more is to be granted 2 weeks’ vacation pay— •
irrespective of whether such hours are paid for at straighttime or overtime rates. Two weeks’ vacation pay is 80
hours at the straight-time rate.
Note: A small joint committee is to be appointed to review
the case of any man who worked between 650 and
700 hours (for 1 week’s vacation pay) or between
1,150 and 1,200 hours (for 2 weeks’ vacation pay).
The joint committee is to give consideration to the
man’s previous work record and its decision is to
be final.

Service R equired for Specific V acation A llowances
C ollective B argaining A greements, 1961 1

in

G raduated Plans , M ajor

Length of vacation period
1 Week or less1
2
Length of service required
Agree­
ments

T otal....... ..... ................

1H Weeks

2 Weeks

2H Weeks

SH Weeks

4 Weeks

Over 4 Weeks

W ork­
W ork­
W ork­
W ork­
W ork­
W ork­
W ork­
W ork­
ers
ers
Agree­
Agree­
ers
Agree­
ers
Agree­
ers
ers
Agree­
ers
Agree­
ers
Agree­
(thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)

1, 539 5, 953. 4

Less than 6 m onths______
144
413. 4
6 months but less than 1
. ______
year____ ___
363 1,348. 9
1 v e a r . __ _____________ __
1,006 4,105. 5
Over 1 but less than 2 years.
15
64.6
2 y e a r s ________ _________
Over 2 but less than 3 years.
3 v e a r s ____ ______________
4 years____ _______ ______
5 vears_____________ ______
6 years___ ________ _______
7 y e a r s __ __ _ ___________
8 years_________________
9 years___________
_ ____
10 vears_____ _____ ____ __
11 years__ ___
__________
12 years____________ ____
13 years __ ____ ___ _____
14 y e a r s .._____ ______
__
15 years.. . .
...
16 y e a r s ______ ___________
17 years___________ _____
18 y e a rs ... _ _____ ______
19 vears._________________
20 years__________ _______
21 v e a rs .._ . . . _ _________
22 years.. ____ ____ . . .
23 vears.. _______________
24 vears_____ __ _ ______
25 years______ . . . _______
26 vears___________________
30 vears. _. ______
. . . .
O ther3_________ _________
11
21.1

410 2. 258. 3
2

2. 6

39
122.8
20
66.1
39
141.8
46
135.6
6
8.2
250 1, 763. 2
3
6.3

1, 386 5. 637. 9
6

359 2,139. 0

1.267 5, 042. 4

38
130. 6
215
877. 4
20
63.4
303 1,065. 0
4
6. 6
330 1,102.8
27
94.4
426 2,244. 7
3
3.5

3

4.4

1

1.3

4
6
3
3

14. 8
13. 7
11. 5
7.2

5
10.0
5
26. 7
69.5
25
14. 4
4
12
33.9
12
45.0
21. 7
12
218 1, 631. 9
3
8.1
210.0
36
3.5
1
7
1

11.6
2.1

6

11.7

10

842. 1

1
1
1

1. 5
5.0
2. 7

3

6.9

610 2, 404. 8

16

37.9

1

1.5

30.6

2

3.8

17.2

3

4.3

9

29.1

234.1
75
1
1.1
8
23.3
16.4
8
7
10.9
456 1, 323. 5
284.0
35
113
331.0
13.5
6
18.3
8
511 2,671. 9
1
3.0
1
1.2
1
9

5

158

13.4

1 Based on 1,414 agreements covering 5,736,500 workers.
2 Includes 264 agreements allowing half-week vacations to more than
833,000 employees who meet the following service requirements: 86 agree­
ments after less than 6 months, 177 agreements after 6 months but less than
l year, and 1 agreement with requirements discussed in footnote 3.




3 Weeks

2.1
14.8

26
1
1
4
1
15
2
3

99.1
2.3
3. 5
10.2
4.0
47.2
5.3
10.0
1. 5
639.3
3.8

4

10.4

1
96

5

32.7

2

4

13.3

2
1
8

9.7
5.0
13.1

6

11.2

14

41.9

1

1.2

i
18
2
195

1.2
249.1
4.5
571.9

4

10.5

4

10.2

4

5.9

2

8.7

88.9
10
48.6
10
11.9
6
318 1, 279. 5
1
3.0
51.0
13
1.2
1

®Includes length-of-service requirements stated in portions of a calendar
year, typically in half years, and other service requirements not separately
shown.
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

7

T able 4.

I dentical G raduated Paid V acation Plans F ound

in

10

or

M ore A greements, 1961 1

Graduated vacation plans (maximum allowance)
Total accounted for,.
2

Agreements Workers
6 18

2, 931, 600

17
12
19

60,450
32,050
66,750

13
14
20
40
10
25
12
17
47
10
46

21,900
73,000
60,650
113,650
55,700
44,400
19,050
22,300
116,900
27,500
709,050

79

463,550

23
19
23
25
20
22
29
49
14
13

75,150
139,150
190,950
57,900
50,250
76,050
87,600
110,800
224,850
32,000

WEEKS

1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years......................... .............................. .......
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years______________ ______ . . . ____ _____
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 5 years....... ................... - ____ _____ _______
3 w eeks

2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 10 years---------------------- ----------- ------------- ------------- ------------------------------------------------------ -------2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 12 years------------ ---------- ------- -------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------------- ------------------------------1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 5 years.......................... ............ .......................... ....................... ..............................
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 10 years______ __________________ _______ _____________ ____ _______. ____ _
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 15 years................ . . ............................ .......................................... . . ........ .............
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 10 years________ __________ ____ ____________ ______ _____________________
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 12 years..____ ______________________________ ____ ______ ________________
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 15 years.......... ................... ................................................ ....................... . .............
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 5 years, 3 weeks for 15 years.-------------- ---------------- ------- ------------------- ---------------- ----------------------1 week for 1 year, 1)4 weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 3 weeks for 15 years_____ ______ _______________________________
1 week for 1 year, 1)4 weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 2)4 weeks for 10 years, 3 weeks for 15 years......... ................... ..........
3)4

w eeks

1 week for 1 year, 1)4 weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 2)4 weeks for 10 years, 3 weeks for 15 years, 3)4 weeks for 25 years.
4 w eeks

2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 20 years----------------- ---------------- ----------- 1 week for 6 months to 1 year, 2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 15 years, 4 weeks for 25 years.
1 week for 6 months to 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 15 years, 4 weeks for 25 years.
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 20 years............. .........
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 25 years.................... .
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 15 years, 4 weeks for 25 years____ ______
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 20 y e a rs ....................
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 25 years......................
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 11 years, 4 weeks for 18 years......................
1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 12 years, 4 weeks for 25 years.................—
1 Based on 1,414 graduated paid vacation plans covering 5,736,500 workers.

N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

Any [employee] who during the fiscal year . . . receives
from members of the [association] payment for 1,500
hours or more— irrespective of whether such hours are
paid for at straight-time or overtime rates— is to be
granted 3 weeks of vacation pay if he has worked 700
hours a year in 5 of the 6 preceding years.
Three
weeks’ vacation pay is 120 hours at the straight-time rate.

Uniform vacation allowances ranging from 1 to
3% weeks’ pay were granted in 8 manufacturing




and 10 nonmanufacturing agreements. Two of
these, covering about 200,000 workers in the coal
mining industry, provided payments of $200 and
$160, respectively, to each worker for a vacation
period of 14 calendar days.




Prevalence of Holiday Provisions
in Major Union Contracts, 1961

struction agreements. Between 1958 and 1961,
there was a decrease in the frequency of unpaid
holiday provisions but an increase in the number

S e v e n d ays continued to be the most common
paid holiday provision in major agreements in
1961, although 8 or more days were specified in
over a third of the agreements with paid holiday
provisions. The more liberal provisions for paid
holidays were predominantly in nonmanufacturing
agreements, largely in the transportation, commun­
ications, and utilities industries. Paid holidays
were provided by about 9 out of 10 agreements
analyzed, a proportion almost identical with the
findings of two earlier studies of the Bureau of
Labor Statistics in 1952-53 and 1958.11
A development that was noted in 1961 was the
occurrence of funded holiday plans in several con­

T

able

1.

P a id H

o l id a y

P

r o v is io n s in

M

ajor

C

of such days— which, when worked, generally com­
mand premium rates.
As in the past, unpaid
holiday provisions were featured in construction
and mining agreements.

Scope of Study
This study was based on an analysis of 1,698
collective bargaining agreements, each covering
1,000 or more workers, or virtually all agreements
1 “ Holiday Provisions in Union Agreements, 1952-53,” Monthly Labor
Review, February 1954, pp. 128-33, and Labor Management Contract Provi­
sions, 195S: Prevalence and Characteristics of Selected Collective Bargaining
Clauses (B L S Bull. 1166,1954), pp. 8—13; “ Paid H oliday Provisions in M ajor
Union Contracts, 1958,” Monthly Labor Review, January 1959, pp. 26-32, and
B LS Bull. 1248 (1959).

o l l e c t iv e

B

a r g a in in g

A

g reem ents, by

I

ndustry,

1961

[Workers in thousands]
N um ber studied

Total with paid holiday
provisions *

Total without paid holiday
provisions 2

Industry

All industries____________________________________________
Manufacturing______

______ ___________________

Ordnance and accessories___ _______________ ___ ____ ___
Food and kindred products______________________________
Tobacco manufactures____________________________ ______
Textile mill products________ ____________________ ______
Apparel and other finished products_____________________
Lumber and wood products, except furniture_____ ______
Furniture and fixtu res___ _________________________ ____
Paper and allied products___________________ __ _______
Printing, publishing, and allied industries_____ _________
Chemicals and allied products_____________ _____ _______
Petroleum refining and related industries
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products____ _____
Leather and leather products________________ _ _ _ __ _
Stone, clay, and glass products__________ _ _____
____
Primary metal industries.__________ ___ _________ ______
Fabricated metal products._______ _____________________
Machinery, except electrical_____________________________
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies_________
Transportation equipment____________________ _ _______
Instruments and related products_______ _____ ______ __
Miscellaneous industries___________ ____
______ _.
Nonmanufacturing__________ _____________________
Mining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production____
Transportation 3____ _____ _____ ____________________
..
Communications______________ _________________________
Utilities: Electric and gas_______________________________
Wholesale trade_______________________ ___ _________ _
Retail trade____________________________
_________ ____
Hotels and restaurants___________________________________
Services_____ ____ _____________ _______ _________________
C onstruction..______ ________ ________________________ _
Miscellaneous in d u s trie s .._____ ____ _____ _ _________

Workers

Agreements

Workers

1,698

7,365.2

1,513

6,315.5

185

1,049.7

1,030

4,294.2

1,017

4,268. 7

13

25.5

20
114
13
31
51
14
19
61
29
49
15
25
17
39
118
52
102
107
120
22
12

67.2
345.7
26.8
83.4
432.6
25.2
33.0
133.2
62.2
97.3
46.3
116.2
62.9
107.1
641.8
137.3
301.4
426.9
1,074.1
51.3
22.8

20
107
13
30
51
14
19
61
29
49
15
25
17
39
118
51
102
105
118
22
12

67.2
326.4
26.8
82.4
432.6
25.2
33.0
133.2
62.2
97.3
46.3
116.2
62.9
107.1
641.8
136.3
301.4
424. 9
1,071.9
51.3
22.8

7

19.3

1

1.0

668

3,071.0

496

20
112
78
78
12
108
34
58
167
1

240.4
674.4
511.4
193.4
20.1
289.5
165.8
197.0
776.3
2.9

16
106
77
77
12
108
27
49
23
1

1 Includes 93 agreements, covering 420,500 workers, which provide for both
paid and unpaid holidays.
2 Includes 17 agreements, covering 67,300 workers, which make no reference
to holidays and 168 agreements, covering 982,400 workers, which provide for
unpaid holidays only.




Agreements

Workers

Agreements

3

1

1.0

2
2

2.0
2.2

2,046.8

172

1,024.3

31.9
651.7
510.4
189.0
20.1
289.5
146.9
138.4
66.1
2.9

4
6
1
1

208.5
22.7
1.0
4.4

7
9
144

18.9
58.6
710.2

Excludes railroad and airline industries.

N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals,

9

10

of this size in the United States, exclusive of the
railroad and airline industries.2 The 7.4 million
workers covered b y the analyzed contracts repre­
sented almost half of all the workers estimated to
be under agreements in the United States, exclu­
sive of the two industries.

paid holiday provisions specified 8 days, and
another 11 percent provided 9 or more holidays
(table 2).

Of these, 4.3 million

workers, covered b y 1,030 agreements, were in
manufacturing, and 668 agreements applied to 3.1
million workers in nonmanufacturing establish­

Total Paid Holidays in M ajor Collective Bargaining
Agreements, 1950, 1952-53, 1958, and 1961 1

ments (table 1).
The study deals exclusively with the prevalence

Less th a n 6 da ys....

of paid and unpaid holidays.3 All agreements
analyzed were in effect in 1961. April 1961 was
the earliest expiration date of any agreement
included in the study, and 70 percent of the agree­
ments were scheduled to expire in 1962 or later.

Prevalence of Paid Holidays
B y Industry. Paid holidays have been provided
b y approximately 90 percent of major collective
bargaining agreements for nearly a decade, with
an increase in the average number of paid holidays
being noted in each succeeding study of the B L S
(chart). During the 3 years between 1958 and
1961, a general increase in the number of holidays
occurred in m any industries and no marked change
was noted for any specific industry. In 1961, all
major agreements studied in 16 manufacturing
and 3 nonmanufacturing industries provided for
paid holidays. Agreements which did not con­
tain provisions for paid holidays were primarily
accounted for b y the construction and mining
industries. T hey were also found in the tobacco
and transportation industries, in hotels and restau­
rants, and in services.
Seven paid holidays remained the most common
practice in 1961, although a slight decrease in
its frequency has taken place with an increase in
the proportion of agreements providing more than
7 days. About one-fourth of the agreements with

9 d a y s o r m ore....

^ 6 %
N u m b e r of A g r e e m e n t s W ith

O th e r....
|5%
4%

E

15%

P a id

H o lid a y P r o v is io n s :

1 ,7 0 1
1950
1 9 5 2 - 5 3 1_____ 1 1 , 5 1 6
1958
K W T l ,561
1961
E S E S 3 1 , 5)3

1
For purposes of this chart, 2 half-day holidays are the equivalent of 1 full
day; thus, 6 full days and 2 half days were counted as 7 holidays.
The “ other” category includes, in addition to the agreements designated as
“ other” in footnote 1, table 2, agreements providing for only 1 half day in
addition to full-day holidays; e.g., 6 full days plus 1 half day.

Contracts specifying less than 6 days were
infrequent in 1961 and were found in only 52
aAgreements for the airline and railroad industries are not collected b y the
Bureau.

contracts, or about 3 percent of the total with
paid holiday provisions. Two-thirds of these

3 For practices relating to eligibility requirements for holidays, rates for
work on holidays, and pay for holidays falling on nonwork days, see B LS
Bull. 1248, op. cit.

hotels and restaurants industries (table 3).




contracts were in the textile mill, apparel, and

11

T able 2. N umber of P aid H olidays in M ajor C ollec­
tive B argaining A greements, by I ndustry D ivision ,
1961
[Workers in thousands]
All industries

Manufac­
turing

Nonmanu­
facturing

Number of Days
A gree­ W ork­ A gree­ W ork­ A gree­ W ork­
ments
ers
ments
ers
ments
ers
Total with paid holi­
day provisions____

1, 513 6,315.5

1,017 4,268.7

496

2,046.8

Less than 6 full days...........
6 full days.............................
6 full days plus 1 half day_.
6 full days plus 2 half days__
7 full days.............................
7 full days plus 1 half d a y ..
7 full days plus 2 half d a ys..
8 full days________________
8 full days plus 1 half d a y ..
8 full days plus 2 half days..
9 full days........... .................
9 full days plus 1 half day._
9 full days plus 2 half days.
10 full days........... ........... .
10 full days plus 1 half day11 full days............... ............
11 full days plus 1 half day11 full days plus 2 half days.
12 full days...................... .
13 full days_______________
Others 1............... .................

52
205.8
202
743.5
21
190.7
88
809.3
543 2,234.8
14
30.9
26
56.0
353 1,260. 6
11
30. 0
8
13.4
297.6
71
5
9.5
11
26.5
36
109.6
2
3.6
28
113.3
1
6.9
1
1.1
6
69.6
1
10.0
93.2
33

104.1
31
97
268.6
20
189.5
86
806.4
412 1,771. 4
27.1
11
22
40.0
238
823.7
11
30.0
13.4
8
29
64.3
3
6.3
10
24.3
56.2
18
1
1.0
6
10.2

21
105
1
2
131
3
4
115

101.8
475.0
1.2
2.9
463.5
3.8
16.0
436.9

42
2
1
18
1
22
1
1
4
1
21

233.3
3.2
2.2
53.5
2.6
103.1
6.9
1.1
63.4
10.0
66.8

2

6.2

12

26.5

* Includes 6 agreements in the food processing industry, in which unworked
holidays are paid for only during the intercampaign, or nonprocessing, season;
13 agreements in which the number of holidays vary by geographical location;
5 agreements in the construction industry, which provide for funded holidays;
4 agreements which are unclear; and 5 agreements in which a definite number
of holidays are specified but additional paid holidays are granted under
special circumstances.

B y Region. The proportion of agreements grant­
ing nine or more paid holidays in the New England
and M iddle Atlantic regions was much larger
than in any other region. A majority of the
contracts in each region stipulated at least 7
days, but in two regions— W est North Central
and South Atlantic— nearly one-third permitted
6 or fewer. In large measure, the regional
variations reflected the practices of the industries
predominant in these areas, but particular local
observances also played a part.
Special Practices. Paid-holiday provisions in 33
agreements did not conform to general practice.
In 13 of these, the number of holidays varied by
location; 7 of the 13 were master agreements
which left determination of the number of days
to local bargaining, and 6 were interstate con­
tracts which provided that employees working in
certain locations be given an additional day off.
Six agreements in food processing made provision
for paid holidays during the intercampaign, or
nonprocessing season but stipulated that certain

N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

holidays would be unpaid if they occurred while
the processing season was in progress. Particu­

A general shift to a greater number of paid
holidays in nearly all industries resulted in a
further decrease in the prevalence of 6 full days.
However, 6-day provisions continued to represent
a substantial portion of all paid holiday provisions
in at least two industries-— lumber and wood
products (except furniture) and leather and
leather products.
Accounting for much of the rise in the preva­
lence of 8 paid holidays were agreement changes
in ordinance, food, rubber products, fabricated
metals, electrical machinery, transportation, and

lar groups received special attention in five
agreements, on religious or other grounds.
Funded holiday plans in five construction
agreements included in the 1961 analysis are a
relatively recent development. A combined con­
tribution was designated for both vacations and
holidays in two agreements, while three contracts
made expressly clear the amount to be paid for
holiday purposes from a combined contribution.
There were variations among these five agreements
in the amounts of employer contributions and the
details of the trust funds, but none of the agree­
ments specified the number of days to be observed.
For example:

retail trade.

Provisions for 9 or more days were

scattered among m any manufacturing industries
and were most common in food, transportation
(other than railroad and airlines), communications,
and utilities agreements.
Both in 1958 and 1961, half holidays 4 were
found in approximately one-eighth of the agree­

Electrical Workers’ Joint Board of Trustees, Holiday and
Vacation Fund. Employer's contribution is 7 percent of
the gross electrical labor payroll. This contribution shall
be made by check or draft for each regular payroll
period and shall be mailed to reach the Electrical Workers'
Joint Board of Trustees' Office not later than 7 calendar
days from the date on which the weekly wages were paid.
*
*
*
*
*

ments, predominantly in manufacturing industries
such as transportation equipment and machinery
(except electrical). M o st frequently, the half
days designated were election day, Christmas
E ve and/or New Y ear’s Eve.



4 A period of time less than 4 hours was not counted in this analysis as a
half day. M any agreements made provision for 2 or 3 hours’ leave with pay
on election day to enable workers to vote.

12

T able 3.

N umber

of

P aid H olidays

in

M ajor C ollective
[Workers in

Less than 6
days

Industry

6 full days

1

2.0

1

4.1

2

4.1

2
1

4.5
11.0

1

1.5

88

189.5

86

12
2
11
7
11
4
3
4
4

Chemicals and allied products__ _ _______ ________ _

37.8
2.3
27.3
29.8
21. 5
8. 5
6.8
4. 8
16.4

1
16

1.0
183.5

1

2.6

Agree­
ments

1

1.1

6

8.1

1

3.6
1.6
10.4
13.4
75.1
32.9
651.4
7. 7
1.3

4
13
9
3
7
3
10
49
5
8
1
14
2
23
90
16
46
45
54
8
2

2.9

131

463.5

9

19.2

23
25
19
1
31
6
14
3

57.7
191.6
42.9
1.0
77.9
47.0
21.2
5.2

r e fin in g a n d r e la te d in d u s t r ie s

"R u b b e r a n d m is e e lla n e o n s p la s t ic p r o d u c t s

Leather and leather products.
S to n e

67.1

190.7

20

L u m b e r ^ n d w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t fu r n it u r e

P e tr o le u m

86.9

33

21

268.6

104.1

p u b l i s h i n g , a n d a llie d i n d u s t r ie s

40

412 1, 771. 4

743.5

97

205.8

P r in tin g

543 2,234. 8

806. 4

202

52
31

Furniture and fixtures____ _______________ _ ______
Paper and allied products
________ _____
__ _

809.3

W ork­
ers

Manufacturing________________________________

_ ___

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

All industries-------------------------------------------------------------

Apparel and other finished products__

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

____ _

______

Nonmanufacturing________

11
6
3
3
3
6
5

__
2

c l a y , a n d g la s s p r o d u c t s

Primary metal industries________________ _____
Fabricated metal products
__ _ _____ _____ _____
Machinery, except electrical_______ _ _____________
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies _
Transportation equipment
__ __
Instruments and related products _
Miscellaneous industries _
_
_________________

6. 5

1

1. 5

2

21

101.8

105

475.0

4

5. 9

Mining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production.
2
Communications.

T r a n s p o r ta t io n

_ __ _ ____________ ___________ .

U tilitie s ' E le c tr ic a n d g a s
W h o le s a le tr a d e
R e ta il tra d e
T T o te ls a n d r e s t a u r a n t s
S e rv ic e s
U o n s tr u cti on
M is c e lla n e o n s in d n s tr ie s

5.1
1.2
5.2

31
2
2

267.7
28.5
2.8

2
10

5.0
71. 6

4

13. 7

34
9
19
4

75.3
24.9
54.0
16. 0

$

jjc

jjc

Vacation and Holiday. Contractors shall contribute the
amounts shown in the following [tabulation] into the . . .
Pipe Trades Trust Fund for each workman covered by
this agreement, for each hour worked . . . . The contri­
bution for vacation and holiday, when paid on overtime




1.3

1

1.2

1
7
9
18
13
28
1
1

1

1.2

2

2
1

2.9

1.2

13.3
27.4
22.4
4.9
142.8
3.7
16.3
111.6
6.9
20.1
1.0
46.7
11.8
73. 5
603.2
35.6
154.9
201.9
257.8
11.2
4.9

2

3.3

1
1
3
11
4
3
1
1

1.4
1.3
6.1
22.6
4.9
3.8
1.2
1.6

7

19.8

1
2

1.1
2.4

4

16.4

2 Excludes railroad and airline industries.

Paid Vacation and Holidays. The employer agrees to pay
monthly, as specified below, into the Carpenters’ Vacation
and Holiday Trust Fund . . . under the terms of an
agreement and declaration of trust dated December 28,
1954, between the Carpenters’ District Council and three
Emloyer Associations and which is hereby made a part of
this agreement by reference.
(1) For the holiday plan, an amount equal to 2 percent
of the gross earnings of each employee covered by this
agreement, beginning with the first day of M ay 1960.

s|c

1

2.1

3
1
1

i See footnote 1, table 2.

jf:

43. 5
13. 5
4.9
4.2
11. 1
12.9
21.4

7 full days
plus 1 or more
half days

7 full days

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W orkers

2.1
29. 6
58. 3

6 full days
plus 2 half days

W ork­
ers

Agreements

2
8
16

6 full days
plus 1 half day

hours, will be double the amount indicated. These
contributions are to be used for paid vacations and holi­
days . . . . The contributions for such purposes are
effective on the first full payroll period following the date
shown:
Vacation and holiday

September 1, 1960___________________________
July 1, 1961__________________________________
July 1, 1962__________________________________

33 cents
35 cents
37 cents

The contractors and the union agree that the con­
tractors shall make all legally required deductions and
withholdings based on the total wages of each employee,
and shall retain the full amount of vacation and holi­
day . . . contribution for periodic transmittal to the . . .
Pipe Trades Trust Fund.

13

B argaining A greements,

by

I ndustry, 1961

thousands]

8 full days

8 full days
plus 1 or more
half days

9 full days

9 full days
plus 1 or more
half days

10 full days

More than 10
full days

Industry

Other i

A gree­ W o rk ­ Agree­ W o rk ­ A gree­ W o rk ­ A gree­ W ork ­ A gree­ W o r k ­ A gree­ W o rk ­ A gree­ W o rk ­
ments
ments
ers
ments
ers
ers
ments
ers
ments
ers
ments
ers
ments
ers
353 1,260.6

19

43.4

71

297.6

16

35.9

36

109.6

39

204.4

33

93.2

238

823.7

19

43.4

29

64.3

13

30.6

18

56.2

9

17.3

12

26.5

13
56

50.1
200.1

1.0
3.5

2

2.9

3.6

1
2

4
2

5.2
4.5

1

10.0

1
4
6
23
12
10
3
6
16
18
11
23
25
4
1

1.2
8.2
12.3
38.5
36. 0
66.0
6.3
10.6
21.0
74.8
17. 8
133. 5
130.6
6.3
1.0

1

1.4

1
7

2.0
11.4

115
2
23
29
20
8
25
2
5
1

2

1

1.2

1
1
4
9

1.0
1.1
7.8
27.5

1

1.2

4
4
3
2
3

4.9
9.1
7. 0
5.0
9.1

436.9

42

233.3

2.2

1

4.7

103. 8
155. 5
51.3
12.5
82. 7
3. 5
23.0
2.5

18
6
15

137.3
51.2
34.7

1
1

2.0
3.5

7
1

1.7

2

2.9

1

2.9

1
6
2

24.9

1.2
24.0
2.7

1
3

1.2
4.0

1

2.0

3

15.1

1

1.4

3

5.3

18

53.5

7

1
1

30

14.9

1.0
1.5

187.1

2

3.8

4
1
4
1
1

15.3
1.2
6.7
1. 5
1.4

5
7
9
1
3

115.0
9.8
35.2
4.0
6.4

1

1.6

5
2

22.2
5.3

2
2
1

11.1
2.9
2.9

6

10.3

1

1.0

1

1.1

1

7.9

1

2.5

2

3.7

21

66.8

4
1
1
7

20. 5
1.4
1.1
23.4

2
6

3.4
17.0

All industries.
Manufacturing.
Ordnance and accessories.
Food and kindred products.
Tobacco manufactures.
Textile mill products.
Apparel and other finished products.
Lumber and wood products, except furniture.
Furniture and fixtures.
Paper and allied products.
Printing, publishing, and allied industries.
Chemicals and allied products.
Petroleum refining and related industries.
Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products.
Leather and leather products.
Stone, clay, and glass products.
Primary metal industries.
Fabricated metal products.
Machinery, except electrical.
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.
Transportation equipment.
Instruments and related products.
Miscellaneous industries.
N onmanufacturing.
Mining, erude petroleum, and natural gas pro­
duction.
Transportation.2
C ommunications.
Utilities: Electric and gas.
Wholesale trade.
Retail trade.
Hotels and restaurants.
Services.
Construction.
Miscellaneous industries.

N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

Identical clauses of two agreements read as
follows:
A sum of 2 percent of the base wage rate shall be paid
by the employer to a depository designated by the trustees
of the Bricklayers* Holiday Trust Fund for each employee
covered by this agreement, in accordance with the terms
of a trust agreement negotiated April 29, 1957 . . . .

Prevalence of Unpaid Holidays
T he prevalence of unpaid holidays has continued
to decline.

In 1961, approximately 15 percent of




the agreements studied specified unpaid holidays,
as compared with 18 percent in 1958 (table 4).
The decrease was particularly noticeable in
apparel, textile mill products, leather and leather
products, and hotels and restaurants. A s in
1958, less than 10 percent of the agreements
provided unpaid holidays only.
In the nonmanufacturing industry

division,

unpaid holiday practices predominated in the con­
struction and mining industries, which accounted
for two-thirds of all workers not receiving days
off with pay.

14
T able 4.

N umber

U npaid H olidays

of

in

M ajor
[Workers

Num ber
studied

Agree­
ments

Manufacturing...................... ............. ............. .
Ordnance and accessories__
Tobacco manufactures_________ __
Textile mill products________ _____
_
_____
Apparel and other finished products _
Lumber and wood products, except furniture
Furniture and fixtures. _ _ __
Paper and allied products
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
. _
Chemicals and allied products___
Petroleum refining and related industries. .
Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products.. . . . . .
Leather and leather products___
Stone, clay, and glass products..
Primary metal industries_______ _
Fabricated metal products____________ _ ______ _
Machinery, except electrical_____ ____ ____________
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.
Transportation equipment___
_ .
Instruments and related products...... ....................... _
Miscellaneous industries_________ __ _ . . .
Nonmanufacturing_______ ____ _______________
M ining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production...
Transportation *___________________ _________ __ .
Communications_______________ ____________ _ _
Utilities: Electric and gas................................ . .
Wholesale trade............... ........ .......... ................... .
._
Retail trade____ _____ ___________ ____ ___________ _
Hotels and restaurants_____ _________ ______________
Services .
___ ___ _
.... ____
Construction___
. __ ______ __ . ______ _ .
Miscellaneous industries____ _____ _________________

W ork­
ers

1,698 7,365.2

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

261 1,402.9

29

137.5

21

115.0

8

25.3

6

31.5

18

102.5

5

16.8

2

3.3

1

1.0

2
14

2.9
91.8

1

1.8

1

1.5

Agree­
ments

1,030 4,294.2
20
114
13
31
51
14
19
61
29
49
15
25
17
39
118
52
102
107
120
22
12

67.2
345.7
26.8
83.4
432.6
25.2
33.0
133.2
62.2
97.3
46.3
116.2
62.9
107.1
641.8
137.3
301.4
426.9
1,074.1
51.3
22.8

668 3,071.0
20
112
78
78
12
108
34
58
167
1

240.4
674. 4
511.4
193.4
20.1
289.5
165.8
197.0
776.3
2.9

79

333.4

26

132.2

13
2
12
24
3
1
4

40.8
2.1
29.1
192.4
4.4
4.0
6.5

2
1
3
9
2

6.4
1.1
5.8
99.0
2.4

3

5.1

1

1.0

1

1.0

3
3

14. 5
4.0

1
2

3.0
3.0

2
3
2
5

4.0
5.6
2.5
16.7

1

2.0

1

3.5

1

6.0
3

5.3

182 1,069.5
3
11
1
2

207.2
51.7
1.2
9.6

2
11
3
149

2.1
56.8
16. 5
724. 5

1 Includes 93 agreements, covering 420,500 workers, which provide for both
paid and unpaid holidays, and 168 agreements, covering 982,400 workers,
which provide for unpaid holidays only.
2 Includes 11 agreements providing for 9 holidays, 4 agreements providing
for 10 holidays and 5 agreements providing for 11 holidays.




4 days

3 days

2 days

1 day

Industry

All industries.......................... ...................... ........... .........

Number of unpaid holidays

Total with un­
paid holiday
provisions i

1
2

1.1
4.2

1

1.8

1
1

10.6
1.0

1
1

3.6
1.8

1

6.0

3

12.5

3

8.5

4

28.2

1

1.0

1

1.8

2

4.0

2

11.5

2

6.7

2

24.2

3
Includes 6 agreements in the food processing industry, in which unworked
holidays are paid for only during the intercampaign, or nonprocessing season;
5 agreements in which the number of holidays varied b y geographic loca­
tion; 1 agreement providing for an undetermined number of holidays; 1 agree-

15

C

o l l e c t iv e

B

a r g a in in g

A

g reem en ts,

by

I n d u s t r y , 1961

in thousands]
Num ber of unpaid holidays--Continued
5 days

6 days

7 days

8 days

Over 8 days 2

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

12

47.1

66

263.7

50

271.8

32

190.2

20

82.9

9

38.2

5

6.9

1

2.7

3

6.7

1
5
1
1
1

3
1

1
1

13.0
17.6
1.6
2.0
4.0

8.9
1.1

6.0
1.8

2

3.9

1

1.0

1

1.0

1

1.0

61

256.8

2
1
1

3.8
1.2
4.4

2
2
53

4.2
2.0
241.3

1

49
2

47

2.7

1

4.5

1
1

1.0
1.2

269! 1

29

183.5

21.0

1
1

20.0
3.0

1

5.2

248.1

26

155.3

20
1

19

ment providing for 7 ^ holidays; and 4 agreements in which a definite number
of holidays are specified, but additional holidays are granted under special
circumstances.




82.9

Other 3

Industry

Agree­
ments

W ork­
ers

17

238.1

10

24.2

6

10.3

1

1.4

1

1.5

2

11.0

7

213.9

2

187.2

16.0

66.9

1

1.0

1
3

14.5
11.2

All industries.
Manufacturing.
Ordnance and accessories.
Food and kindred products.
Tobacco manufactures.
Textile mill products.
Apparel and other finished products.
Lumber and wood products, except furniture.
Furniture and fixtures.
Paper and allied products.
Printing, publishing, and allied industries.
Chemicals and allied products.
Petroleum refining and related industries.
Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products.
Leather and leather products.
Stone, clay, and glass products.
Primary metal industries.
Fabricated metal products.
Machinery, except electrical.
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.
Transportation equipment.
Instruments and related products.
Miscellaneous industries.
N onmanufacturing.
Mining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production.
Transportation.*
Communications.
Utilities: Electric and gas.
Wholesale trade.
Retail trade.
Hotels and restaurants.
Services.
Construction.
Miscellaneous industries.

* Excludes railroad and airline industries.
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal
totals.




Paid Jury Leave in Major
Union Contracts, 1961

Regular 1,600-hour employees called to jury duty shall
not lose any pay by reason of serving as jurors. The
employer shall pay such employees the difference between
their regular compensation and the payment made to
them as jurors.

T he proportion of collective bargaining agree­
ments providing for paid jury leave has increased
sharply since 1953. Full or partial pay to em­
ployees serving on juries was specified in nearly
half of the major agreements in effect in 1961, as
compared with 18 percent in 1953.1 The rise was
particularly marked in manufacturing agree­
ments— from 18 percent to 60 percent. In non­
manufacturing agreements, the comparable figures
were 20 percent and 32 percent.

sfe

Employer agrees to compensate employee if called for
jury service for the difference he receives in jury compensa­
tion and his daily earnings for each day served.

In 1 out of 7 agreements with jury provisions,
the employee received his regular pay while on
jury duty and was also permitted to retain his
jury fees. M o st of the agreements in the petro­
leum refining industry stipulated this method of
compensation, as did a significant proportion in
communications and utilities industries.

The study, conducted b y the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, was based on an analysis of 1,717
collectively bargained agreements, each covering
1,000 or more workers, or virtually all of such
agreements in the United States, exclusive of
those in the railroad and airline industries.9 M ost
of the agreements were in effect during 1961; a few
expired during the last quarter of 1960 and
renewed agreements were not available at the
time this study was completed. The 7.4 million
workers covered b y these contracts represented
somewhat less than half of all workers estimated
to be under agreement in the United States,
except railroad and airline industries.

Employees serving on juries shall do so without loss of
pay and may retain any jury fees received.

Five percent of the agreements provided for
payment of fixed amounts of money. This prac­
tice prevailed mainly in the transportation equip­
ment industry, where over two-thirds of the
workers received a fixed sum of money, usually
$5 per day.1
3*
2
Any employee with 1 or more years* seniority who is
called to and reports for jury duty shall be compensated
by the company at the rate of $5 per day for each day of
jury duty performed on which the employee otherwise
would have been scheduled to work for the company and
does not work, not to exceed a total of 14 days in any
calendar year.

Of the 837 agreements with jury duty provisions,
all but 127 limited paid leave to time spent in
actual jury service. In addition to jury service
pay, 50 agreements also provided pay for time
spent in qualifying for jury duty and 78 also
granted pay to employees summoned as witnesses.
(See table 1.)
Because jury service is a public duty, pay for
such time m ay be a more common practice than
an agreement study would indicate.

In the remaining agreements, a variety of other
pay provisions were found. Several agreements
provided for an amount equal to jury p ay; a few
granted a designated percentage of the difference
between the regular wages and jury p ay; and one
based pay on length of jury service.
An employee serving on jury duty and unable to work
will receive the same amount of pay from the company as
jury pay received for each day lost. Checks received for
jury duty must be presented to the personnel department.

Pay Provisions

*

In over three-fourths of the agreements with
between

jury

fees

and

his

regular

pay

(table 2 ). This type of payment predominated
in all industries except petroleum refining, com­
munications,

and

utilities,

and

was

typically

expressed as follow s:




*

*

*

*

1 See “ Union Contract Provisions for Paid Jury Leave, 1953,” Monthly
Labor Review, M ay 1955, pp. 545-547, or Labor-Management Contract Provi­
sions, 1954, BLS Bull. 1181 (1955).
2 The Bureau does not maintain a file of railroad and airline agreements.
3 The study was completed before the current General Motors, Ford, and
Chrysler agreements with the United Automobile Workers were received.
In these, the maximum number o f days allowed for jury duty was increased
from 14 to 60. Jury pay was increased to not less than $10 or the fees received
from the court, whichever was greater, but payments were not to exceed the
difference between regular pay and the fee received.

jury pay clauses, the employee received the differ­
ence

sfc

17

18

T

I.

able

P r o v is io n s

P a id J u r y L e a v e

for

in

M

ajo r

C o l l e c t iv e B

a r g a in in g

A

greem ents,

by

I ndustry,

1961

N um ber with provisions for—
N um ber with
provisions

Total number
studied

Jury and time
qualifying for
jury pay i

Jury pay
Industry

Jury and
witness pay 2

N o reference
to jury pay

Agree­ W orkers Agree­ W orkers Agree­ W orkers Agree­ W orkers Agree­ W orkers Agree­ W orkers
(thou­
ments
(thou­
(thou­ ments
(thou­
(thou­
ments
(thou­
ments
ments
ments
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
All industries............... ..................................
M anufacturing....................... .................... .............
Ordnance and accessories_______________
Food and kindred products. . . . .
Tobacco manufactures______ _______ ______
Textile mill products...................... .................
Apparel and other finished products_____ _
Lumber and wood products, except furni­
ture____ _____ ________ ___
Furniture and fixtures........ .............................
Paper and allied products......... ......................
Printing, publishing, and allied industries..
Chemicals and allied products.........................
Petroleum refining and related industries__
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.
Leather and leather products___
Stone, clay, and glass products.. .
Primary metal industries____
Fabricated metal p ro d u c ts __ _____ .
Machinery, except electrical_______ _______
Electrical machinery, equipment, and
supplies--------------------------------- ---------- ------Transportation equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous industries.
Nonmanufacturing....................................................

. .

Services___ _ _ __________
C (instruction_
Miscellaneous industries._

_

2,726.1

46

1,273.7

33.8
232.9
20.4
15.9

8
1

32.5
2.0

1

1.3
53
4
25
53

125.5
5.4
65.3
456.2

1.4
14.9
3.9

13
15
22
21
11
2
6
13
10
24
23
45

26.1
26.4
36.8
38.5
28.8
2.1
13.2
39.9
20.0
39.0
39.4
100.4

4,355.2

3,081.6

67.5
360.4
25.8
81.2
456.2

20
65
8
6

67.5
234.9
20.4
15.9

11
64
8
6

13
19
57
34
53
15
29
19
41
113
53
106

26.1
33.2
125.9
70.8
102.0
49.2
126.2
66.9
110.3
627.6
141.8
310.9

4
35
13
42
13
23
6
31
89
30
61

6.9
89.1
32.4
73.2
47.1
113.0
27.0
90.4
588.6
102.4
210.5

4
33
13
32
9
22
6
31
88
28
53

6.9
86.5
32.4
55.7
39.9
95.0
27.0
90.4
587.1
88.4
158.3

105
121
24
11

421.0
1,077.4
53.5
21.9

75
81
16
5

358.1
956.5
40.2
7.7

56
65
11
5

670

3,082.8

214

761.8

18
115
80
79
13
106
37
53
168
1

237.8
681.1
501.0
195.1
25.2
289.9
171.2
177.7
801.1
2.9

6
16
51
52
7
71
3
8

15.0
39.5
347.0
124.3
12.6
204.0
9.2
10.4

_ _

*

3,594.7

424

20
118
12
31
53

When an employee is called for jury duty by local or
Federal Government, the company will pay him 50 per­
cent of the difference between his base pay for 40 hours
and other payments he may receive for such duty.

*

880

100.0

1,047

1 Includes 10 agreements which allow qualifying pay only when employees
cannot report for examination on their own time.
2 Includes 1 agreement, covering 1,600 employees in the utilities industry,
which provides pay for jury duty, time spent for qualifying, and serving as
witness.

*

391.8

710
545

__

_

78
32

3,843.4

Wholesale trade _

Retail trade______________

259.3
255.6

837
623

Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas
production.
Transportation 3...... ........................................
Communications.........................
. ____
Utilities: Electric and gas______ . . .

Hotels and restaurants

49

7,438.0

1,717

*

*

When an employee is absent from work because of jury
service for a period not in excess of 10 working days, he
shall be paid his regular rate of pay. . . . An employee
absent because of jury service in excess of 10 scheduled
working days shall be paid . . . his regular rate of pay
for all absences from work because of such jury service in
excess of 10 scheduled working days . . . with the under­
standing that he shall reimburse the company with the
pay . . . received for such jury service . . . in excess of
10 working days.

P ay for serving as a witness was usually paid

3,192.3

1

1.2

1

2
2
1

2.7
3.3
18.0

8
2

2
4

14.0
39.5

282.9
842.8
22.4
7.7

4
16
5

165

466.2

6
15
20
38
7
70
3
6

15.0
37.8
81.4
99.0
12.6
203.0
9.2
8.4

1

1.6

4

12.7

11.0
113.7
17.8

15

64.3

30
40
8
6

62.9
120.9
13.3
14.2

3

3.8

46

291.9

456

2,321.0

1

1.8
31
14

265.6
25.3

1

1.0

12
99
29
27
6
35
34
45
168
1

222.9
641.6
154.0
70.8
12.6
86.0
162.0
167.4
801.1
2.9

2.0

2

* Excludes railroad and airline industries.
N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals.

When an employee is called for jury service, or called to
serve as a witness in a court action under subpena, he will
give the company proper notice and the company will
reimburse the employee for the difference between the
employee’s regular pay and the amount that the employee
receives for court service. It is the employee’s responsi­
bility to collect for his court service.
*

*

*

*

*

Pay for worktime lost by employees who must report
for jury examination will only be paid when they cannot
report for such examination on their own time, and in such
case, will be paid for a maximum of 3 hours.

Other Provisions

in the same manner as jury service; pay for time
spent

in

qualifying

for

limited to 2 or 3 hours.



service

was

typically

Sixty-one of the agreements specifically pro­
vided that time lost because of jury service would

19

142 agreements were required to report for work
any time during the workday when they were not
required to be in court; in 63, they were required
to return only if they were able to work a desig­
nated number of hours.

be treated as time worked in computing overtime
pay, while 67 excluded it.4 For example:
An employee who is required to be absent from work for
jury service shall receive whatever straight-time pay he
would have otherwise received up to and including 40
hours in any one week less the amount of jury pay which
he received for the same period. When the above is
applicable, each full day of jury service shall be credited
as one 8-hour day in the computation of overtime, and
each partial day of jury service shall be credited as a
partial day toward overtime.
*

*

*

*

Any hourly paid employee who loses time from his regu­
larly assigned work because of jury service will be paid
for the time so lost at his straight-time rate . . . provided
such employee, if he finishes his jury duty or is temporarily
excused from same during the hours that he ordinarily
works, will report back to system for work each day he is
so dismissed or excused.

*

Hours for which jury pay is allowed but which are not
worked shall not be counted for the purpose of deter­
mining overtime premium and payment.

*

able

2.

M

ethod

C

of

o m p e n s a t io n

J

for

ury

*

*

*

< Whether in the remaining agreements such absences were counted for
overtime purposes would depend on the specific provisions governing a
variety of overtime situations, e.g., daily or weekly work schedules or work
outside such regular schedules. M any agreements consider all excused
absences as time worked, while others grant premium pay for work on
Saturday or Sunday as such. See Premium Pay for Night, Weekend, and
Overtime Work in Major Union Contracts, BLS Bull. 1251 (1959).

Some contracts made pay for jury leave con­
tingent upon the return of the employees to their
jobs if their jury service was completed prior to the
end of the working day. Workers covered b y

T

*

L eave U nder M
I n d u s t r y , 1961

ajo r

C

o l l e c t iv e

B

a r g a in in g

A

g reem en ts,

by

Employees receive—
N um ber with pay
provisions
Regular pay plus
fees

Industryj
Agree­
ment

Workers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ment

Workers
(thou­
sands)

Difference between
regular pay and fees
Agree­
ment

Workers
(thou­
sands)

Fixed dollar
amount
Agree­
ment

Other 1

Workers
(thou­
sands)

Agree­
ment

Workers
(thou­
sands)

All industries..................................... ...................

837

3,843.4

118

554.3

632

2,444.6

43

763.7

44

80.9

Manufacturing..................................................................

623

3,081.6

49

196.9

507~

2,077.2

43

763.7

24

43.9

20
65
8
6

67.5
234.9
20.4
15.9

17
63
8
4

61.1
231.5
20.4
12.2

1

4.0

2
1

2.5
1.2

2

3.7

4
35
13
42
13
23
6
31
89
30
61
75
81
16
5

6.9
89.1
32.4
73.2
47.1
113.0
27.0
90.4
588.6
102.4
210.5
358.1
956.5
40.2
7.7

4
34
10
32
1
23
6
23
83
27
47
51
54
15
5

6.9
87.7
27.7
56.9
1.1
113.0
27.0
53.4
570.7
97.5
127.7
247.6
2 289.3
2 38.2
7.7

6

10.2

3
1
4
3
2

5.0
1.0
5.2
7.2
8.0

214

761.8

125

367.5

20

37.0

6
16
51
52
7
71
3
8

15.0
39.5
347.0
124.3
12.6
204.0
9.2
10.4

6
15
15
21
7
51
3
7

15.0
38.5
69.9
36.0
12.6
177. 5
9.2
8. 9

4
3

18. 3
4. 4

12

12.8

1

1. 5

Ordnance and accessories. ..
Food and kindred products___________________
Tobacco manufactures________________________

Textile mill products .

.........

Apparel and other finished products___________
Lumber and wood products, except furniture__
Furniture and fixtures_________________________
Paper and allied products_____________________
Printing, publishing, and allied industries..........
Chemicals and allied products_________________
Petroleum refining and related industries______
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products___
Leather and leather products__________________
Stone, clay, and glass products________________
Primary metal industries........................................
Fabricated metal products. ..................................
Machinery, except electrical........................... .......
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.
Transportation equipm ent____________________
Instruments and related products_____________
Miscellaneous industries______________________
N onmanufact urin g_

____ ________________ _____

Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas pro­
duction__________ __________________________
Transportation i*3________ _____________________
C omnium cations______________________ ____
Utilities: Electric and gas_____________________
Wholesale trade_______________________________
Retail t r a d e . _______ ________________________
Hotels a n d r e s t a u r a n t s .
_
_
_
_.
„
Services_____ _________________________________
Construction__________________________________
Miscellaneous industries.........................................

i In most of these agreements, the amount of jury pay was unclear. Several
provide for regular wages or jury pay, whichever amount is greater. A few
base pay on length of jury service or limit it to a percentage of the employee’s
earnings.




1

2.2

I
1
4
12

1.4
2.2
6.2
46.0

8
1
1
2
17

37.6
8.0
1.2
4.1
86.6

1

2.0

69

357.4

I
32
28

1.0
258.9
83.9

8

13.7

2

2
1
8
4
25

2.5

4.9
2.8
73.5
16.8
659. 3

2 Contains 1 agreement which provides for a maximum differential of $5
per day.
s Excludes railroad and airline industries.
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals.

20

When jury duty requires less than 4 hours during his
scheduled shift, the employee must work as much as is
practicable of the balance of the shift.

This section [provision for paid jury leave] will not
apply where an employee voluntarily seeks jury service.

On the other hand, several contracts contained
statements which specifically exempted employees
from any company service while on jury duty.
There were also instances where employees were

jury pay eligibility to a specified number of days’
service per year and/or the number of jury calls
an employee might answer annually or another
designated period.

excused from work on the sixth day after having
completed 5 days of jury service.

Regular journeymen employees and apprentices required
to be absent from employment to serve on a jury shall be
paid regular wages minus any pay received as juryman
for a maximum of 5 days during the life of this [3-year]
contract.

Employees who give such notice [to report for jury serv­
ice] shall be paid for their scheduled hours of work at
straight-time rates and not be required to report for work
on any day on which jury service is performed.
*

*

*

*

*

Where an employee on jury duty has served 5 days
during the week, he shall not be required to work on
Saturday.

Several contracts permitted a rearrangement of
work schedules to allow workers to earn their
regular wages in addition to jury pay. In others,
night-shift personnel were reassigned to the day
shifts to permit them to serve as jury men and
receive jury pay.
Regular employees paid on an hourly rate who serve
time on jury duty that prevents them from working their
work schedules on such days will be paid the difference
between their jury pay and their company card rates for
8 hours less their earnings during hours in which they
worked for the company on such days.
Employees will not be required to work for the company
on days on which they are required to report for jury
duty, but the company will, when it has the work, endeavor
to arrange work schedules that will permit these employees,
if they so desire, to earn their regular daily wages in addi­
tion to their jury pay on such days.
*

*

*

*

Employees were usually required to give prior
notice and submit evidence of court attendance to
In a number of instances

they were not eligible for such pay if they volun­
tarily sought jury duty.

*




*

*

*

*

*

The company agrees that once each year any worker
covered by this contract who is called for jury service
will receive his regular base rate of pay for each regularly
scheduled workday spent on jury duty.

The company will pay an employee his regular base
rate (exclusive of incentives) for time lost from work . . .
on account of jury duty. . . . This will apply to any
worker only once during any calendar year unless the
person serves on two different types of juries, such as
State and Federal.

*

*

*

*

*

The employer will pay the difference between the
employee’s pay and that received for jury service, provided,
however, that a member serves only once in 2 years on
jury service.

In contrast, a few agreements explicitly banned
any time restrictions on jury leave with pay.
Others provided for an extension of the initial
allowance for reasons beyond the employee’s
control.
Employees will be excused from work for whatever
period is necessary for jury duty.

*

*

*

*

*

The company agrees to pay an employee called for jury
duty on a regular working day . . . and for a period not
in excess of 2 weeks. . . . This 2 weeks’ time may be
extended when the employee is held on jury duty for
reasons beyond his control.

There were several instances in which the em­

When called for jury service, the employee should
promptly notify his foreman. The summons notice is to
be shown to the clerk, who will furnish a jury service time
record card. This card must have the time excused from
court each day written in ink and approved by the clerk
of the court from which excused. When jury service is
over, the card must be returned to the clerk immediately.*

*

*

*

The work schedules of [night] shift workers will be
revised when necessary so that they will not be assigned
to nightwork on normal jury duty days.

qualify for jury pay.

M ore than 20 percent of the agreements limited

*

*

ployer reserved the right to have workers excused
from jury service when work requirements made
this necessary.
The company m ay endeavor to have an employee
summoned for jury service excused from jury duty, and
the employee shall cooperate by requesting such excuse
if the employee is needed by the company for the time
summoned.

Paid Leave on Death in Family
in Major Union Contracts, 1961
C

o l l e c t iv e

b a r g a in in g

p r o v is io n s

death

granting

leave with pay to employees who lose time be­
cause of death in the family increased substantially
during the period 1 9 5 3-61. One out of three
major agreements covering a fourth of all workers
under these agreements, provided some allowance

climbed

from

18

to

found

in

petroleum

agreements with leave provisions in virtually all
industries allowed a maximum of 3 days, which
usually extended over the employee’s regular
work schedule:

26

percent.1
The duration of death leave remained virtually
unchanged, and the 3-day maximum was still the
predominant allowance. A small number of
agreements extended this maximum to 5 days,

When a death occurs in an employee’s immediate family,
the company will grant funeral leave up to a maximum of 3
regularly scheduled consecutive workdays . . . .

usually if travel was necessary to attend the
funeral. In some cases, the allowance depended
upon such factors as the employee’s relationship
to the deceased, attendance at the funeral, and
fulfilling of other requirements.

A bout one-tenth of the agreements limited pay to
a specified number of “ calendar” days which
fell within the scheduled workweek:
In case of a death in the immediate family . . . requiring
such employee’s absence from his regularly scheduled
assignments, the employee shall be granted a leave of
absence up to 3 consecutive calendar days.
When an
employee’s normal time off falls within the 3-day period,
he shall be reimbursed for that portion of the time normally
scheduled for work . . . .

This study was based on 1,717 current collective
bargaining agreements, each covering 1,000 or
more workers, or virtually all agreements of this
size in the United States, exclusive of railroads
and airlines.1
2

was

Death leave payments were usually expressed in
terms of maximum “ scheduled” days, and less
frequently in “ calendar” days. A m ajority of the

the proportion of agreements with such allowances
rose from 10 percent to 38 percent; in nonmanu­
prevalence

clauses

Duration

for death leave in 1961, as against one out of
eight contracts, covering a similar proportion of
workers in 1953. In manufacturing industries,

facturing,

leave

refining, followed b y paper, chemicals, and rubber,
the clauses appearing in at least 4 out of 5 con­
tracts in each industry.
Such provisions were
less common in nonmanufacturing industries,
where the highest prevalence— 3 out of 5 con­
tracts— was
found
in
the
communications
industry.

The 7.4 million workers covered

A few agreements granted additional days off if
considerable travel to attend a funeral was
necessary:

b y these major agreements were slightly less than
half of all the workers estimated to be covered
b y collective bargaining in the United States,
exclusive of the two industries. Of the agree­
ments studied, 1,047 covered 4.4 million workers
in manufacturing, and 670 covered 3 million
workers in nonmanufacturing industries. Vir­
tually all of the agreements were in effect in

. . . the company will grant a leave of absence with pay
from the day of death until and including the day of the
funeral not to exceed 3 days, provided, however, the
company may grant up to 5 days with pay from day of
death in unusual cases in which it is necessary for the
employee to travel a substantial distance for the funeral.

1961.

Prevalence
One-third

(572) of the agreements analyzed,

covering about one-fourth of the workers under
study, provided for paid absences due to death
1 See “ Union Contract Provisions for Paid Leave on Death in F am ily,”
Monthly Labor Review, March 1955, pp. 322-325.
2 The Bureau does not maintain a file of railroad and airline agreements.

in the employee’s family (table 1). Am ong manu­
facturing industries, the highest concentration of




21

22

T able 1.

P revalence

of

P rovisions

and

M aximum D ays A llowed

for

P aid

Maximum days allowed
Number studied

Number with
provision

Percent with
provision

Industry

Less than 3
days 1
Scheduled days

3 days

1

Calendar days

Scheduled days

Agree­ Workers Agree­ Workers Agree- ’Workers
Agree­ Workers Agree­ Workers Agree­
ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments Workers ments (thou­ ments (thou­ ments (thou­
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
sands)
All industries_____________ ____ _______ ______

1,717 7,438.0

572 1,836.1

33.3

24.7

30

111.8

44

145.1

391 1,125. 5

1,047 4,355.2

398 1,158.5

38.0

26.6

19

52.8

42

138.6

308

856.3

22.1

4
30

5.5
77.7

2

3.6

1
42
12
34
10
10
1
21
16
12
29
54
11
14
5

2.0
77.8
31.3
68.4
27.4
34.9
2.0
57.6
27.0
20.6
58.7
285.5
34.6
33.6
7.6

M anufacturing............. ..................... ........... ................... .
Food and kindred p ro d u c ts ____________________

Tnhaccn manufactures
Textile mill products

Apparel and nthpr finished prndnet.a
Lumber and wood products, except furniture___

Furniture and fixtures
Paper and allied products
Printing publishing, and allied industries

Chemicals and allied products_________ ________
Pp.trnlenm refining and related industries

Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

Stone, clay, and glass products___________ ______

Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products

Machinery, except electrical
_
_ _ ___
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies...
Transportation equipment . ________ _________
Instruments and related products_______________

Miscellaneous industries

Nonmanufacturing..................... .......... ............................

20
67.5
360.4
118
12
25. 8
31
81. 2
456.2
53
13
26.1
33.2
19
125.9
57
34
70. 8
53
102.0
49.2
15
29
126.2
19
66. 9
41
110.3
113
627.6
53
141.8
106
310.9
421.0
105
121 1,077. 4
24
53.5
11
21.9

8
45

16.8
114.0

40.0
38.1

24.9
31.6

3

5.1

9. 7

6.3

1
49
12
45
15
23
3
30
17
14
32
62
17
17
5

2.0
92.0
31.3
86.8
49.2
113.0
11.5
88.0
28.7
28.3
61.7
319.1
64.3
39.5
7.6

5.3
86.0
35.3
84.9
100.0
79.3
15.8
73.2
15.0
26.4
30.2
59.0
14.0
70.8
45.5

6.0
73.1
44.2
85.1
100.0
89.5
17.2
79.7
4.6
19.9
19.8
75.8
6.0
73.8
34.8

670 3,082.8

174

677.6

26.0

13
49
45
4
55

62. 4
341.3
110.9
9.0
141. 7

6
1
1

8.6
1.0
2. 9

14.3

5

10

7
3.0

2

14.2

4

6.2

13

78.1

2

3.4

2
1
1
1

9.5
1.1
1.0
1.7

4
2
1

10.8
9.7
1.8

1
2
1
2

1.0
5.5
4.0
4.1

22.0

11

59.0

2

6.5

83

269.2

11.3
61.3
57.0
30.8
51.9

9.2
68.1
56.8
35.7
48.9

4
3
1

41.8
7.9
2.7

2

3.8

6.5

4
14
20
4
35

11.8
87.2
43.2
9.0
109.5

11.3
.6
100.0

4.8
.1
100.0

5
1

7.6
1.0

1

2.9

Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas pro­

duction

Transportation 3_ _ _____

Communications
Utilities: Electric and gas
Wholesale trade

_ _ ________________

Retail trade________ _______ ____________________

Hotels and restanrants
Services
Construction

"N/fiseel lan arms industries

18
115
80
79
13
106
37
53
168
1

237. 8
681.1
501.0
195.1
25.2
289.9
171. 2
177.7
801.1
2.9

1 Includes 17 agreements with a 1-day allowance and 13 with 2 days.

Four

agreements

stipulated

that

the

6-day

annual sick leave accumulation could also be used
for death leave:

* Includes 36 agreements with a 5-day allowance, 4 with 6 days, and 1 with
14 days.

An employee may be permitted to be absent without
deduction in pay for a period that is reasonable and war­
ranted on account of death in the employee's immediate
family.
*

In the event of an employee's
because of . . . sickness or death
immediate family, an employee shall
sick and accident leave with pay
service . . . .

absence from work
of a member of his
be entitled to 6 days'
during each year of

Provisions in 45 agreements, predominantly in
the communications industry, had no specific time
allowance.

2

*

*

*

*

The company’s policy is to continue normal salary
payments during brief periods of absences due to . . . death
in the family.

Three agreements in the stone, clay, and glass
industry provided for a fixed dollar allowance
without indicating the leave duration:

M o st of these clauses merely stated

that a “ reasonable” amount of time would be
allowed or that the existing company policy would
apply:



A regular employee . . . who has a death in his im­
mediate family . . . shall be given a payment of $60
by the company, provided the employee attends the
funeral.

23

D

eath

L eave

in

M

ajor

C o l l e c t iv e

B

a r g a in in g

A

greem ents, by

I

ndustry,

1961

Maximum days allowed-—Continued
4 days

Over 4 days 2
Num ber of days
not soecified

Calendar days
Agree­
ments

3

Workers
(thou­
sands)
5.0

Industry

Scheduled days

Calendar days

Agree­ W orkers
ments
(thou­
sands)

Agree­ W orkers
ments
(thou­
sands)

18

71.2

5

20.7

2
3

8

30.2

4.9
15.8

Scheduled days
Agree­
ments

Agree­ W orkers
ments
(thou­
sands)

33

99.0

45

248.5

11

33.5

13

56.8

3

10.3

1

1.0

1

1.5

2

6.0

5

24.6

1
2
1

6.0
2.0
15.7

3

1

3

W orkers
(thou­
sands)

4.3

1.3

1
3

1.7
16.0

5.0

13

50.6

8

30.2

22

65.5

32

191.8

2

3.0

3
2
7

6.0
3.2
36.7

5
3

24.5
5.7

2
4
5

2.9
44.3
6.3

21
7

174.3
13.4

1

2.0

1

4.7

11

12.1

3

3.1

1

1.0

3 Excludes railroad and airline industries.

Ordnance and accessories.
Food and kindred products.
Tobacco manufactures.
Textile mill products.
Apparel and other finished products.
Lumber and wood products, except furniture.
Furniture and fixtures.
Paper and allied products.
Printing, publishing, and allied industries.
Chemicals and allied products.
Petroleum refining and related industries.
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.
Leather and leather products.
Stone, clay, and glass products.
Primary metal industries.
Fabricated metal products.
Machinery, except electrical.
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.
Transportation equipment.
Instruments and related products.
Miscellaneous industries.
N onmanufacturing.
Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas production.
Transportation.3
Communications.
Utilities: Electric and gas.
Wholesale trade.
Retail trade.
Hotels and restaurants.
Services.
Construction.
Miscellaneous Industries.

N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals;

In 79 agreements, the length of death leave
depended upon the employee’s relationship to the
deceased (table 2).

All Industries.
Manufacturing.

children), the employee shall be given 1 workday off
with pay to attend the funeral.

Thus, while the maximum

allowance was always granted to attend the funeral
of immediate family members, as defined in the
agreement, a shorter period was designated in the
case of more distant relatives.

Agreements, however, differed considerably
in their definition of family members, as the
following clauses illustrate:

For example:
Immediate family means: mother, father,
sisters, children, and employee's legal wife.

In the event of a death in the immediate family (father,
mother, wife, husband, brother, sister, son, or daughter),
the employee shall be given 3 workdays off with pay to
attend the funeral . . . .
In the event of a death of other than immediate family
(in-laws, foster- or step-parent, and/or children or grand­




*

*

*

*

brothers,

*

Immediate family is defined as mother, father, brother,
sister, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, or spouse of the
employee; mother, father, sister, or brother of the em­
ployee's spouse; children of the employee; grandparents
and grandchildren of the employee.

24
T

able

2.

L ength

of

D

eath

L eave A

c c o r d in g t o

A

R

e l a t io n s h ip to

greem ents,

by

I ndustr y,

Number with provisions

D

e c e a se d , in

M

ajo r

C o l l e c t iv e B

a r g a in in g

1961

Uniform death leave
for all family
members

Leave differs for im ­
mediate and distant
family members

Other 1

Industry
Agree­
ments
All industries____________

____________

Manufacturing___________________

Workers
(thousands)

572

_______

___________________

Ordnance and accessories_____ __ _ _____ ___ ___
Food and kindred products
_
____________
Tobacco manufactures
__ _
_ __
Textile mill products
_
__ ___
Apparel and other finished products
_ _ _ ____
Lumber and wood products, except furniture.- ___
Furniture and fixtures___________ _________
___
Paper and allied products
_ _
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
_ _ _
Chemicals and allied products._ _
__ ______
Petroleum refining and related industries. __ _ _
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products_________ ___
_____
Stone, clay, and glass products___________________ _
Primary metal in d u stries_________________ ______
Fabricated metal products _
__
_
_ __ _
Machinery, except electrical________________________
Electrical machinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s ____
Transportation eq u ip m en t____________________ _ __
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
_ _
N onmanufacturing____ _____________ __________________
Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas produc­
tion ___________________________ ____ _____ __
Transportation2 _
_____
__ ___ __
Communications
_
__
___________
Utilities: Electric and gas__________________________
Wholesale trade _ _____________________ ________
Retail trade____ ___________ _______ ________ _____
Hotels and restaurants _ __ ___________ ____ ____
Services
____________ ________ _____ ______ _ __
Construction ____ ___ ____________ _ __________ __
Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing industries
_____

1, 836.1

Workers
(thousands)

Agree­
ments

1, 593.0

79

239.8

3

3.3

46

115.3

1

1.0

8

17.6

1

1.0

398

1,158. 5

351

8

16.8
114.0

8
37

16.8
96.5

3

5.1

3

5.1

1
49
12
45
15
23
3
30
17
14
32
62
17
17
5

2.0
92.0
31.3
86.8
49.2
113.0
11.5
88.0
28. 7
28.3
61.7
319.1
64.3
39. 5
7.6

1
45
12
35
15
22
3
26
17
12
26
56
15
13
5

2.0
86.2
31.3
64.0
49.2
112. 0
11.5
82.4
28.7
24.7
50.3
292.3
60.4
21.4
7.6

174

677.6

139

13
49
45
4
55

62.4
341.3
110.9
9.0
141.7

6
1
1

8.6
1.0
2.9

Eligibility

Workers
(thousands)

Agree­
ments

490

1,042.2

1 Includes 2 agreements that specified “ reasonable periods” of absence and
1 agreement which allowed 3 days' leave for death in the immediate family
only and made leave relating to other family members subject to company
discretion.

Workers
(thousands)

Agree­
ments

4

5.8

10

22.8

1

1.0

4

5.6

2
5
6
2
4

3.6
10.4
26.8
3.9
18.1

550.9

33

124.5

2

2.3

12
40
26
3
50

55.9
273. 7
75.2
8.0
125.7

1
9
18
1
4

6.5
67.6
34.4
1.0
15.0

1

1.3

1

1.0

6
1
1

8.6
1.0
2.9

2 Excludes railroad and airline industries.
N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals

funeral of the deceased relative or (b) the employee fails
upon request to furnish the company with reasonable
proof of death and evidence of the employee’s attendance
at the funeral.

Slightly more than a third of the 572 agree­
ments with death leave allowances designated
specific periods of company service as a pre­
requisite (table 3). In virtually all of these,

In 19 agreements, the employee, among other
requirements, had to submit satisfactory proof

workers were eligible by

of relationship to the deceased:

the end of the first

year of service.
Some contracts granted death leave to “ regular”
employees only and others to employees “ who
had completed their probationary period.”
About a fourth of the agreements imposed
certain other qualifications before the employee was
eligible to receive pay for death leave.

W ritten

Entitlement for funeral leave shall be established by a
statement from (a) the attending physican, (b) the funeral
director, (c) an obituary notice showing the relationship
to the deceased, or (d) any other written proof presented
in good faith by the employee, which may be satisfactory
to the company.

evidence was frequently required to substantiate

Where funeral attendance was required to
obtain the maximum allowance, a shorter leave

the validity of the leave. This could take the
form of a published notice of death, or a statement
attesting to the employee’s attendance at the

vances:

funeral:
No pay shall be granted under the provision of this
paragraph where (a) the employee does not attend the




period was sometimes granted for other obser­
. . . time off for regularly scheduled hours will be
granted with pay up to a maximum of 32 hours . . . .
One day with pay will be granted for religious or similar
observances held in lieu of a funeral.

25
T able 3. E ligibility R equirements for D eath
L eave Payments in M ajor C ollective B argaining
A greements, 1961
Total with provisions
Eligibility requirements
Agreements

Plans with paid death leave provisions___________

Workers
(thousands)

572

1,836.1

124
64
6
15
363

385.5
286.9
15.3
50.5
1,098.0

51
43

213.4
102.4

8

18.6

6
5
37
422

13.2
18.1
73.4
1,397.1

L e n g th of C o m p a n y S e r v ic e

Less than 1 year....... ................
_ . . ______ . . .
1 year________ _____ _ _ _____ ____ _____ _________
More than 1 year____________________ ____ ______
Service requirements undefined L ._______________
N o reference to service requirem ents,______ _____
A d d itio n a l E e q iu r e m e n t s

Employee must—
Submit proof or notification of death_________
Attend funeral_______ ___________________ ___
Submit proof of relationship and proof or
notification of death________________________
Submit proof of relationship, proof or notifica­
tion of death, and attend funeral_____ _____
Submit proof of relationship and attend funeral.
Submit proof of death and attend fu n e r a l___
N o additional requirements for paid death leave..

1 Includes 4 agreements covering “ regular” employees and 11 requiring
“ completion of probationary period.” Length of service necessary to attain
such status was not given in these agreements.
N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals.

Difference in observances because of religious
practices was also recognized in a few contracts:
The employee shall be allowed up to 3 days’ pay . . .
up to and including the day of the funeral . . . provided,
however, that when the employee involved is of the Jewish
faith, the employee will be allowed pay for the day of the
funeral plus pay for 2 additional days immediately follow­
ing the day of the funeral if these days are regularly
scheduled working days.

As explicitly set forth in a small number of
agreements, death leave, when taken during an
employee's vacation period or over a holiday, was
not paid, although there were a few exceptions:




In the event any or all of the 3 workdays . . . should
fall on a holiday or during an employee’s scheduled vaca­
tion, he shall take off extra days up to 3 to compensate
for any such days.

Relation to Overtime
Only about 1 out of 6 agreements with death
leave provisions made reference to the treatment
of such leave in computing hours worked for over­
time purposes. In m ost cases, the purpose of
this reference was specifically to exclude such leave
from the computation of hours worked. The
following clauses illustrate the practice:
. . . funeral absences which are compensated for . . .
shall be credited as hours worked in computing overtime
and in determining days worked. . . .
*

*

*

*

*

The company will protect an eligible employee from
loss of pay during absence due to a death in his immediate
family . . . (a) The time to be paid for may be any 3 con­
secutive working days . . . (c) The hours thus paid for
shall not be considered as hours worked in computing
overtime payable for hours worked in excess of 40 in any
workweek, or for determining the sixth or seventh day
worked in any workweek . . . .

However, analysis of the agreements does not
reveal any particular pattern of handling death
leave for overtime purposes. M a n y agreements
accept all excused absences as time worked;
others require the payment of premium rates for
all work performed on Saturday or Sunday,
regardless of the number of hours worked during
the week.3

3 See “ Premium Pay for Weekend W ork in Major Contracts,” Monthly
Labor Review, April 1959, pp. 379-388, or Premium Pay for Night, Weekend,
and Overtime Work in Major Union Contracts, BLS Bull. 1251 (1959), pp. 7-16.







27

L en gth o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a rg a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s try ,

1961

( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s )
1 w e e k 's v a ca tio n after—

V2 w e e k ' s v a c a t i o n a f t e r —
L e s s than
6 months

Industry

Agreem ents

A ll in dustries

------------------------------------------

O r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------F o o d an d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ----------- T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ------------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s -------------------------A p p a r e l an d o t h e r f i n i s h e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r an d w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e an d f i x t u r e s ------------------------P a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , an d
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------C h e m i c a l s and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a nd r e l a t e d
i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r an d m i s c e l l a n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s -------------------------------L e a t h e r and l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ----------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equ ip m en t,

N on m an u factu rin g

--------------------

M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , an d
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 ------------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s -----------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c an d g a s ---------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e --------------------------------------------H o t e l s and r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n on m a n u fa ctu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------------------—

See fo o tn o te s at end o f table,




W orker s

Agreem ents

W orker s

L e s s th an
6 m onths
Agree­
m ents

O v e r 1 but
l e s s than 2 y e a r s

6 m o n t h s but
l e s s than 1 y e a r

W ork­
er s

A gree m ents

W ork­
ers

Agree­
m ents

Agree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

W ork­
ers

A gree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

86

213 . 3

178

6 20 . 1

58

2 00. 1

186

732. 3

1, 0 06

4, 105. 5

15

64. 6

10

17. 6

54

135. 3

147

5 07 . 1

36

122. 0

94

2 48. 6

72 2

3, 0 06 . 7

10

55. 7

9

15. 1

3
1
1
3

10. 9
1.0
2. 3
6. 9

7
2
3

11. 7
2. 3
6. 4

1
1
4

1. 9
1. 2
17. 3

2
7
6
6

9. 0
16.6
15. 4
9. 7

8
94
3
17

1

3. 0

8

137. 2

7

32. 3

8

16. 3

1
1
1

3. 0
2. 0
2. 0

4
9

4 .9
16. 3

1
-

3. 0
-

4
2

8. 2
3. 1

13
12
58

129.0

1

1. 2

6
3

17. 2
4. 2

8

20. 4

5
1

16. 4
1 .0

5
4

7. 6
7. 5

4
27

4. 5
58. 1

1

1

1. 1

1

-

.

_

_

1. 5

1

1. 5

-

1.0
3. 0
-

2
1
1

2. 8
1. 8
1. 0

10
9

43 . 3
24. 0

79
79

279 . 7
8 48 . 3

5
1

47. 7
1. 2

4

8. 1

12. 6

7

13. 0

10

21. 6

1

1. 2

7. 3

3

5. 2

6

8. 9

284

1 .0 9 8. 9

5

8. 9

1

2. 5

14
65
19
35
11
78
30
24
8

29. 5
404. 8
113 . 9
74 . 5
18. 1
2 08. 6
151.8
75. 3
22. 6

1
3
1
-

3. 0
3. 7
2. 2
-

1
-

2. 5

3. 0
6. 5
3. 2
7. 4

2
2
5
4
8

8

10. 8
25. 8

40
16

1 43 . 4
56. 6

2
7

2. 9
38. 4

4

19.0

2

2. 9

2

1

1 .4

2

3.
3.
13.
7.
25.

32

78. 0

31

11 3. 0

22

78 . 1

92

4 83.7

5
3
14
1
4
1
3
1

6. 7
4. 1
29. 9

1
3
5
1
6
8
6
1

1 .5
26. 0
7. 9
4. 0
13. 7
21. 3
30. 7
7. 9

5
5
8
2
2
-

27. 0
6. 9
38. 1
3. 2
3. 0
-

5
49
16
13
2
6
1

11. 3
3 56. 8
33. 4
4 0. 6
6. 5
33. 7
1. 5

4
0
6
5

_

1
-

1
3
1
5

1.0

22. 2
20. 0

_

111.2
54. 9
97. 1
6 16. 7
115. 7
243 . 7

13. 8
5. 8
21. 3
14. 3
48. 9

12.
2.
19.
2.

6
4
4
9

24
13
33
106
44
83

3
4
10
8
22

1
3
4
5

26.
289 .
3.
38.

5
2
1
8
3

3. 8
3. 9
12. 4
7. 3

-

g
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------------------------

6 m o n t h s but
l e s s than 1 y e a r

"

-

L e n g th o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d f o r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s tr y ,

1961---- C ontinued

( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s )

1 V2 w e e k s 1 v a c a t i o n a f t e r —
6 m o n t h s but
l e s s than 1 y e a r

Industry

A ll in d u stries

Agreem ents

W orkers

3 years

2 years
A greem ents

W orkers

Agreem ents

Otlle r

W orkers

Agreem ents

W orkers

1, 7 6 3 . 2

14

26. 2

1, 7 3 6 . 3

12

21. 5

W orkers

Agreem ents

W orkers

41

125. 4

20

66. 1

39

141.8

46

135. 6

250

22

71. 6

13

50. 5

25

89. 7

36

9 6. 8

238

2
-

9. 9
-

2
-

11. 5
-

1
1
12

4. 0
1. 1
25. 7

O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------F o o d a nd k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ---------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s -------------------------A p p a r e l a nd o t h e r f i n i s h e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r a nd w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a nd f i x t u r e s ------------------------P a p e r a nd a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------C h e m i c a l s a nd a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a nd r e l a t e d
i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r a nd m i s c e l l a n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ------------------------------L e a t h e r a nd l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , a nd g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equ ip m en t,
a n d s u p p l i e s ----------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s a nd r e l a t e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s -----------------------------------------------------------------

M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 ------------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ----------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c and g a s -------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------H o t e l s a nd r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n on m a n u fa ctu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------------------------

S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le .




1 year

A greem ents

-----------------------------------------

N o n m a n u factu rin g

O v e r 1 but
l e s s than 2 y e a r s

_

_

_

1
-

2. 0
-

3
1
1

_
3. 2
1. 3
10. 0

1. 7
-

1
4

2. 0
8. 2

6. 1

-

1

6. 3

1
2

2. 0
7. 2

3
3
2
2

13.
3.
3.
3.

15

68. 6
2. 1

-

3. 0
-

5
2

16. 2
2. 5

2

2. 6

1
2
1

1. 0
9. 5
1. 7

2
4

4. 6
13.9

1
5

1 1.4
13. 3

4

19.0
1

2. 1
14

52. 2

10

1
3
2
1
5
2
-

1. 7
26. 0
3. 3
2. 7
15. 5
3. 0
-

1
2
1
2
4
-

19

53.9

7

15. 7

4
1
10
1
_
3
-

5. 4
1. 2
24. 9
1. 8
20. 6
-

1
4
1
1

1. 5
10. 5
2. 7
1. 0
-

-

_

_

1

1 .0

1
2
-

1. 2
2. 5
-

1
2

2. 0
6. 3

-

-

1

1. 5

0
9
0
3

1
3
77
16
44

3.
4.
5 69 .
32.
170 .

6
8
2
9
8

1
1

2. 0
1 .4

9
4

29. 1
11. 6

34
40

193. 5
719. 5

4
1

6. 0
1. 2

2

2. 2

4

5. 6

1

1. 0

1

1. 1

38. 8

12

26. 9

2

4. 7

1. 7
3. 1
2. 8
3. 4
27. 8
-

6
4
2

14. 8
8. 2
4. 0

1
1
-

2. 2
2. 5
-

L e n g th o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d f o r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s tr y ,

1961----C on tinued

( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s )
2 w e e k s 1 v a catio n after—
Industry

A greem ents

W orkers

Agreem ents

a years

Z years

1 year

l e s s than 1 y e a r

W orkers

A greem ents

Wo rker s

Agreem ents

Utner

o years

W orkers

A greem ents

W orkers

A greem ents

W orke r s

------------------------- ----------------

38

130. 6

215

877. 4

303

1, 0 6 5 . 0

330

1, 102. 8

4 26

2, 2 44. 7

74

217. 5

M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------

27

89. 0

99

4 74 . 5

117

3 25. 4

23 6

6 67. 9

399

2, 148. 1

50

128. 5

1
2
1
-

1.9
3. 9
1 .0
-

6
13
6
-

30. 5
37. 4
17. 7
-

2
43
1

4. 5
107. 8
1. 1

4
46
2
2

16.9

1
5
1
23

1
2
1
-

1. 0
4. 5
1 .4
-

8

153. 1

1

3. 0

2

3. 2

5

13. 1

-

3. 0
-

2
-

3. 1
-

2

6. 4

8
11
40

15. 0
20. 5
94 . 8

4
4
16

5. 8
5. 6
26. 1

1

1. 5
3. 6

5
2

16. 2
3. 9

4
10

6. 2
19. 7

1
11

1. 0
2 1.4

3
10

3. 5
15. 0

3

11.2

2
5

2. 8
1 3. 4

13

44 . 2

1

1. 1

2

_
3. 0

4
5

11. 7
10. 0

1
6
2
4
10

1. 3
13. 6
2. 9
13. 5
2 1.8

22
1
5
8
13
12

106. 4
1 .0
6. 8
14. 9
54. 4
30. 8

1
14
23
99
28
63

3.
57.
80.
6 01 .
57.
203 .

6
9
3
2
6
9

1
2
1
4
8

2. 5
3. 0
1. 2
7. 0
26. 3

3
7

5. 6
35. 5

6
19

37. 2
9 7. 6

22
8

88. 0
34. 2

23
15

68. 6
53. 6

42
56

187. 5
762. 2

9
7

38. 2
15. 5

3

15. 1

2

5. 1

2

2. 9

5

13. 8

5

7. 3

4

5. 8

1

1. 3

1

2. 1

4

12. 2

5

5. 7

739. 6

94

434. 9

27

96. 6

24

89. 1

1.
45.
3 08.
60.
15.
138.
148.
19.
1.

3
34
5
2
29
3
17
1

4. 9
2 84. 8
8. 8
2. 6
67. 8
5. 6
59. 3
1. 2

10
10
2
5

23. 3
51. 5
3. 5
18. 4

4
2
9
4
2
1
2

21. 8
10. 7
33. 6
7. 5
3. 5
9. 0
3. 0

A ll in dustries

O r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------F o o d an d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ---------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s -----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s -------------------------A p p a r e l a nd o t h e r f i n i s h e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e and f i x t u r e s ----------------------P a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------C h e m i c a l s and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g an d r e l a t e d
i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r and m i s c e l l a n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ------------------------------L e a t h e r an d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , an d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------- 1
E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equ ip m en t,
and s u p p l i e s -----------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------N o n m a n u factu rin g

--------------------

M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 ------------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ___________________ ...
U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c an d g a s ---------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ---------------------------------------------H o t e l s and r e s t a u r a n t s -----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------------------------

S ee f o o tn o te s at end o f table,




1

11

41.7

116

403. 0

186

_
6
_
3
-

28. 5
9. 6
_
3. 6
-

2
10
30
30
1
22
1
20
-

2. 3
35. 2
189. 6
63. 9
2. 0
57. 7
3. 0
49. 4
-

1
21
44
26
9
49
27
8
1

_

2
-

123. 5
2. 3
11. 1

2
7
9
5
5
9
4
2
5

4.
60.
1.
52.

0
8
1
6

1.0

L e n g th o f s e r v ic e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s tr y ,

1961---- C ontinued

( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) ____________________________

2 V 2 w e e k s ' v a c a t i o n a f t e r ----

A ll in d u stries

----------------------------------------

M anufacturing

----------------------------

O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ---------------F o o d a nd k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ---------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ----------------------A p p a r e l a nd o t h e r f i n i s h e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r an d w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a nd f i x t u r e s ------------------------P a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------C h e m i c a l s an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g an d r e l a t e d
i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r a nd m i s c e l l a n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s -------------------------------L e a t h e r an d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ----------S t o n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equipm ent,
an d s u p p l i e s ----------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d
p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------N on m anufactu rin g

--------------------

M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n — -------------T ransportation2
---------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ----------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a nd g a s ---------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R etail tra de
----------------------------------------H o t e l s a nd r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n —----------------------------------- _
M is c e lla n e o u s n on m a n u fa ctu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------------------------

S ee f o o tn o te s




O v e r 1 but
l e s s t ha n 5 y e a r s

1 year

Industry

at end o f ta b le .

O v e r 5 but
l e s s than 10 y e a r s

5 years

A gree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

O v e r 10 bu t
l e s s than 1 5 y e a r s

10 y e a r s

A gree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

A gree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

Ag re e m ents

W ork­
ers

6

13. 7

16

55. 3

25

69. 5

40

114 . 9

218

1, 6 3 1 . 9

40

4

9. 0

7

13. 8

24

68. 4

36

99. 4

209

1, 5 9 1 . 2

-

2
3
1

2. 2
9. 4
1. 1

3. 0
-

1
1
-

4. 0
1. 5
-

-

-

-

-

1
-

A gree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

Agree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

15 y e a r s

Other

Ag reem ents

W ork­
ers

Agree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

2 21. 6

7

11. 6

7

20. 7

32

2 02 . 0

7

11. 6

7

20. 7

1
-

3. 1
-

4
1

6. 0
1 .4

-

-

-

1

1. 2

2
1

2. 3
1. 2

1
-

2. 0
-

2
-

2. 6
-

1
-

1. 5
-

-

-

1

1. 8

-

-

-

3

1 1.2

3

9. 6

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
-

14. 8
-

1

1 .0

-

-

-

-

3
6
1
1

3.
14.
1.
4.

7
0
2
5

1
4
2
4

1. 5
11. 7
3. 6
6. 0

2
1
2
79
23
38

5.
1.
3.
5 73 .
76 .
177.

0
3
6
7
1
7

1
1
9

1. 2
1 .4
18. 6

-

-

1
-

2. 0
-

4

9. 0

-

-

1
5

1 1.4
17. 7

15
3

4 8. 8
4. 6

15
42

24. 5
717. 8

13
3

166.4
5 .9

2

4. 2

1
-

2. 1
-

1

7. 7

2

2. 3

2

3. 0

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

1

1. 3

1

1.0

1

1 .4

2

4. 8

9

41 . 5

1

1. 1

4

15. 5

9

4 0. 7

8

19. 6

2
-

4. 8
-

3. 1
1. 5
-

-

-

-

-

2
1
2
1
3
-

1
-

1. 1
-

1
1
1
1
-

1.0
1. 2
1. 3
12. 0
-

5
2
2
-

16. 9
3. 2
20. 6
-

1
7
-

1. 5
18. 2
-

-

11. 2
1. 5
24. 2
-

-

-

-

-

-

L e n gth o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s , b y in d u s t r y ,1 196 1— C on tinued
( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s )
3 w eeks'
L e s s than
5 years

Industry

5 years

A g re e ­ W ork­ A g re e ­
m ents
ers
m ents

O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s -------------F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s -------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------------------A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d
products
---------------------------------------------L u m b e r a nd w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x ce p t fu rn itu re
------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ---------------------P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ---------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a nd
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ____________________
C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------P e t r o le u m refin in g and re la te d
i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------------------R u b b e r and m i s c e l l a n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ----------------------------L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , a nd g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ---------------Fabricated m etal products
------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l -------E lectrica l m ach in ery,
e q u i p m e n t , a n d s u p p l i e s ---------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ---------------In stru m e n ts and r e la t e d
p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------- ------- ------N on m an u factu rin g

__________ __

M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , a nd
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 -----------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ---------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a n d g a s ------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------- ---------—
H o t e l s a n d r e s t a u r a n t s ---------------------S e r v i c e s --------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ___________________________
M is c e lla n e o u s n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ------------- -------- ------- ------------

See footnotes at end of table.




O v e r 5 but l e s s
th a n 10 y e a r s

W ork­
ers

Agree­
m ents

W ork­
ers

W ork­
ers

20 y«j a r s

15 y e a r s

12 y e a r s

10 y e a r s
Agree­
m ents

vacation after—

Ag re e - W o rk ­ Ag re e m ents
m ents
ers

Otih er

25 y e a r s

Agree - W ork­ A g r e e ­
m ents
ers
m ents

W ork­
ers

W ork­
ers

Ag r e e m ents

W ork­
ers

18

50. 6

75

2 34. 1

24

51.5

456

1 ,3 2 3 . 5

113

3 31. 0

511

2, 6 7 1 . 9

9

14. 8

4

10. 4

57

354 . 7

10

30. 4

29

74 . 1

12

22. 4

295

8 17 . 2

73

2 42. 9

394

2, 0 49. 7

8

12. 6

4

10. 4

30

87. 2

1
8
-

1. 0
16. 6
-

4
56
6
1

9
7

35. 3
20. 1
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1

1. 4
1. 4
1. 4

3

7. 9

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10
2
1

~
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3
-

11. 9
-

20
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6 1.3
-

lb.
175.
16.
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“

Length of service required for specific vacation allowances in graduated plans, major collective bargaining agreements, 1 by industry, 1961— Continued

(Workers in thousands)
3V2 weeks' vacation after—

A g re em e n ts

A ll in d u s tr ie s

-------------------------------------------------

M a n u fa c tu rin g
O rdnan ce
Food

----------------------------------

a n d k in d r e d p r o d u c t s

A g re em e n ts

W ork ers

A g re em e n ts

W ork ers

6. 9

26

99. 1

15

47. 2

96

639. 3

18

49. 7

3

6. 9

25

97. 6

15

4 7 .-2

91

625. 7

9

24. 6

1

_

_

_

1

1. 2

3

4. 1

_

.

4. 5

1

3. 4

2

5. 6

-

-

2

8. 0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1. 5

-

-

_____________

2

2. 4

-

-

-

-

1

1. 2

1

1. 8

i n d u s t r i e s ___________________________

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

fin is h e d

______________________________________

and w ood p ro d u c ts,

e x c e p t fu r n itu r e
F u r n itu r e

___________________________

and fix tu r e s

__________________

an d a llie d p r o d u c ts

P r in tin g ,

p u b lis h in g ,

C h e m ic a ls

an d a llie d

P e tr o le u m

r e fin in g

in d u s tr ie s

and
p ro d u cts

and

_____

r e la te d
1

1. 0

-

1

1 .4

____ ________________________________

an d m is c e lla n e o u s

p la s tic s
L e a th er
S to n e ,

W ork ers

-

Lum ber

R ubber

A g re em e n ts

-

p ro d u cts

a llie d

W ork ers

O th e r

__________________

m a n u fa c tu r e s
m ill p ro d u cts

A p p a r e l an d o th e r

P aper

A g re em e n ts

years

--------------------------------

T obacco
T e x tile

____________

W ork ers

25

3

------------------

and a c c e s s o r ie s

20 y e a rs

15 y e a r s

10 y e a r s

In d u stry

-

-

-

-

-

----------

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p r o d u c t s -------

-

-

1

4. 5

-

-

1

2. 0

1

1. 5

--------------------

-

-

5

15. 5

5

58

529. 9

1

1. 3

m e t a l p r o d u c t s --------------------

-

-

4

5. 8

-

-

10

22. 9

. 1

2. 0

e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ________

-

-

-

-

4

9. 7

5

17. 9

1

3. 5

28. 1

1

1 .9

1

1. 0

2

6. 5

38. 0

-

-

p ro d u cts

and le a th e r p r o d u c ts

c la y ,

P r im a r y

---------------------------------------

and g la s s

m e t a l in d u s tr ie s

F a b r ic a te d
M a c h in e r y ,

-

22. 7

-

E le c tr ic a l m a c h in e r y ,
e q u ip m e n t,

p ro d u cts

s u p p lie s

_____________

e q u ip m e n t

--------------------

8

and

T r a n s p o r ta tio n
In stru m e n ts

4

and

in d u s tr ie s

1

5. 0

10

44. 1

-

1

1. 2

1

1. 1

r e la te d

------------------------------------------------------------

M is c e lla n e o u s

.

m a n u fa c tu r in g

_____________________________________

"

“

-

_

_

1

1. 5

_

_

5

13. 6

9

25. 1

_______________

-

-

-

-

4

12. 3

1

1. 5

-

-

1

-

T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 _____________________________

1. 5

-

-

1

1. 4

-

-

-

-

-

-

“
-

----------------

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7

---------------------------------------------

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

R ' e t a i l t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------------

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

2. 7

H o te ls

----------------------------

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

__________________________________________

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

C o n s t r u c t i o n ____________________________________

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
M in in g ,

crude

n a tu ra l g a s

p e tr o le u m ,

p r o d u c tio n

C o m m u n ic a tio n s
U tilitie s :

tra d e

and

S e rv ic e s

in d u s tr ie s

and g a s

resta u r a n ts

M is c e lla n e o u s

and

___ ________________________

E le c tr ic

W h o le s a le

_______________

n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

_____________________________________

See footnotes at end of table.




“

21. 0

L en gth o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d f o r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g r a d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 b y in d u s try ,

1961 — C on tinued

( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s )
4 w e e k s ’ v acation after—
O ver

m e n ts

A ll in dustries

----------------------------------------

M an u factu rin g

--------------------------

O r d n a n c e a nd a c c e s s o r i e s ---------------F o o d a nd k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s -------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------------------A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d
p r o d u c t s _______________________________
L u m b e r a nd w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e --------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a nd f i x t u r e s ----------------------P a p e r and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ---------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a nd
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------C h e m i c a l s an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------P e t r o l e u m re fin in g and r e la t e d
i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------------------R u b b e r a nd m i s c e l l a n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ------------------------------L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s -------S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s __________
M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery,

ers

W ork­

Ag ree-

W ork­

m e n ts

ers

m e n ts

ers

m e n ts

ers

m e n ts

ers

m e n ts

ers

m e n ts

ers

m e n ts

ers

254. 7

195

571. 9

26

149. 4

318

1, 2 7 9 . 5

13

51. 0

11

30. 1

2. 2

105

283. 6

17

131. 5

193

637. 1

7

32. 0

6

20. 5

.

_

-

i. 0

-

-

-

"

“

“

_

_

_

_
_
1
_

33. 9
-

-

-

2

3. 4

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

-

1

.

_

1

3. 5

_

_

3

6. 6

_

_

_

.

-

-

23

53. 9

-

-

26

133. 2

1

1. 0

6

20. 5

-

-

-

-

-

1

1. 0

-

-

-

1

1. 1

-

-

-

’

1

4. 0

-

-

-

44. 7

’
-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

36

64. 8

-

-

6

7. 9

8

-

-

-

~

_

_

2

2. 6

_

_

2

5. 7

-

-

-

-

-

-

18

29. 8

-

-

15

34. 5

"

-

-

-

1

2. 2

12

35. 3

-

2

8. 9

-

11

.

_

_

_

_

8

16. 0

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

3
-

5. 0

_

-

-

-

1

1. 3

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

5

10. 3

_

-

-

_

-

-

9
12

-

_

7. 4
-

-

_

6
_

9. 9
35. 2

-

_

1. 3
-

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_

1
-

-

-

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54. 1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9

16. 8

-

-

23

104. 9

1

1. 0

-

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_

8

74. 9

_

_

34

127. 5

5

30. 0

_

_

-

4

14. 9

-

-

9

27. 3

-

-

-

-

-

6

16. 2

-

1

1. 2

1

1 .4

-

2

4. 1

-

-

-

-

288. 4

9

125

642. 5

6

19. 0

5

9. 6

-

-

_

_

_

_

_
_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

10

1

21

_
_

-

O th e r

A gree­

33. 9

-

3 0 >re a r s

W ork­

4 1 .9

-

y^ e a r s

A g ree­

10

-

25

W ork ­

14

_

le s s

A gree­

4, 4

_

-

years

W ork ­

13. 1

-

20
25

A g ree­

3

10. 7
-

th a n

W ork­

8

2
_

O ver

20 y e a rs

20 y e a rs

A gree­

10. 7

2




m en ts

le s s

W ork-

13. 3

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le .

A gree-

ers

-

A gree-

2

-

S e r v i c e s -------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ----------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n on m an u factu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------------------------

W ork-

W ork-

th a n

4

T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ---------------In stru m e n ts and r e la t e d
p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------------------

M in in g, c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n ------------------T ransportation2
-------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ---------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a n d g a s ------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------------------H o t e l s an d r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------

15 years

10 y e a r s

5 years

Industry

15

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2. 6

5

8. 7

4

8. 0

_

1

3. 5

1. 2

2
_

3. 2

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

1 .4

2
_

-

2. 0
_

1

1. 6

1

2. 5
_

_
_

_

85. 6

17. 9

-

-

20

252. 5

90

1

1. 0

18
_

249. 0
_

27

1 16. 3

-

-

5

20. 3

2

2. 2

2

5. 5

1

1. 6

-

-

67

483. 9

3

14. 8

1

1. 2

2. 3
_

17

28. 9

8
-

15. 9

37

112. 4

1

2. 0

-

1. 5

1. 2
-

36
-

1

2. 0

-

-

-

-

-

2

1. 4

-

-

-

-

_

_

1
_

2
_

3. 9
_

1
-

4

-

-

-

-

4

-

-

-

-

-

8. 1
1 0 4 .9
27. 7
-

1

-

13

1. 3

-

-

1

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-

-

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2. 6

-

-

1

-

-

22. 1

"

L e n gth o f s e r v ic e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a t io n a llo w a n c e s in g r a d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s , 1 b y in d u s tr y ,

O ver

10 y e a r s

I nd us t ^

Agreem ents

1
-

O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s __________
F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s _________
T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s --------------- __
T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------------------A p p a r e l and oth e r fin is h ed
p r o d u c t s _______________________________
L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s ,
e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e -------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ---------------------P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ---------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a nd
a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------P e t r o l e u m re fin in g and r e la t e d
i n d u s t r i e s _____________________________
R u b b e r and m is c e lla n e o u s
p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ----------------------------L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s -------S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s --------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s -------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery ,
e q u i p m e n t , a n d s u p p l i e s ---------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ---------------I n s tru m e n ts and r e la t e d
p r o d u c t s _______________________________
M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing
i n d u s t r i e s _____________________________
N o n m a n u factu rin g

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1962 0 —659572

1 ,4 1 4

2

E x c lu d e s




a g re e m e n ts
r a ilr o a d s

c o v e rin g
and

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10. 2

4

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2

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3

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.

3

3. 4

1

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w ork ers.

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1. 2
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1

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4

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25 y e a r s

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a fte r —

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------------------

M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , a nd
n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T ransportation1
2 ---------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s __ ----------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a n d g a s _________
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _______________________
R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------H o t e l s a nd r e s t a u r a n t s --------------------S e r v i c e s __________________________________
C o n s t r u c t i o n ___________________________
M i s c e lla n e o u s n on m an u factu rin g
i n d u s t r i e s ___________________ __________

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v a c a tio n

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15 y e a r s

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1961— C on tinued

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