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Paid Leave Provisions in Major Contracts, 1961 • V a ca tio n s • H olidays • J u ry Duty • Fu n eral Leave Bulletin N o . 13 42 U N I T E D ST ATES D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R W . W illa rd W irtz , S e cre ta ry BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Paid Leave Provisions in Major Contracts, 1961 e Vacations e Holidays # Jury Duty e Funeral Leave Bulletin No. 1342 O c to b e r 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. W illa rd W irtz , S e cre ta ry BUREAU O F LA B O R STATISTICS Ewan C la g u e , Com m issioner \LpJj /o For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. f* \ Price 30 cents Preface F o r the fo u r s t u d ie s b ro u g h t t o g e t h e r in th is b u l le tin , v ir t u a ll y a ll a g r e e m e n t s in the U n ite d S ta te s c o v e r in g 1 , 0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s , e x c lu s i v e o f r a i lr o a d and a ir li n e a g r e e m e n t s , w e r e a n a ly z e d . T h e a p p r o x i m a t e ly 1, 7 0 0 a g r e e m e n t s s tu d ie d c o v e r e d a bo u t 7. 4 m i l l i o n w o r k e r s , o r a lm o s t h a lf o f e s t i m a t e d t o t a l c o l le c t i v e b a r g a i n ing c o v e r a g e in the U n ite d S ta te s o u ts id e o f the r a i lr o a d and a ir li n e i n d u s t r i e s . A l l a g r e e m e n t s s tu d ie d w e r e p a r t o f the B u r e a u rs file o f c u rren t a g r e e m e n ts m a in t a in e d f o r p u b lic and g o v e r n m e n t a l u s e u n d e r the p r o v i s i o n s o f the L aborM a n a g e m e n t R e la t io n s A c t o f 1 9 4 7 , a s a m e n d e d . T h e p r o v is i o n s o f a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r in g 1 , 0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s do n ot n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t p o li c y in s m a l l e r c o l le c t i v e b a r g a in in g s itu a tio n s o r in l a r g e o r s m a l l u n o r g a n iz e d f i r m s . T h e s e s tu d ie s w e r e u n d e r ta k e n in the B u r e a u * s D iv i s i o n o f W a g e s and In d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s u n d e r the s u p e r v is io n o f H a r r y P . C ohany. T h e r e p o r t on p a id v a c a tio n s w a s p r e p a r e d b y F r a n k W . M e r r i t t ; on h o lid a y s b y J a m e s A . S o c k n a t; on ju r y le a v e b y D en a G . W e i s s and E r n e s t i n e M . M o o r e ; and on d e a th le a v e by T h e e s s a L . E l l i s and L a u r a A . W o o d . From the April, May, and August 1962 issues of the Monthly Labor Review with an appendix table. ii C ontents Page 1 1 G r a d u a t e d p l a n s __________________________________________________________________________________ S e r v i c e a n d v a c a t i o n t i m e ________________________________________________________________ V a c a t i o n p a t t e r n s ___________________________________________________________________________ O t h e r t y p e s o f v a c a t i o n p l a n s ______________________________________________________________ P r e v a l e n c e o f h o l i d a y p r o v i s i o n s in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 _______________ S c o p e o f s t u d y _____________________________________________________________________________________ P r e v a l e n c e o f p a i d h o l i d a y s _________________________________________________________________ B y i n d u s t r y ____________________________________________________________________________________ B y r e g i o n _______________________________________________________________________________________ S p e c i a l p r a c t i c e s ____________________________________________________________________________ P r e v a l e n c e o f u n p a id h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________________________ P a i d j u r y l e a v e in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 _________________________________________ P a y p r o v i s i o n s ____________________________________________________________________________________ O t h e r p r o v i s i o n s _________________________________________________________________________________ P a i d l e a v e o n d e a t h in f a m i l y in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 _____________________ P r e v a le n c e ________________________________________________________________________________________ D u r a t i o n _____________________________________________________________________________________________ E l i g i b i l i t y ___________________________________________________________________________________________ R e l a t i o n t o o v e r t i m e ____________________________________________________________________________ 1 1 3 4 1 1 11 11 13 17 17 18 21 21 21 24 25 A p p e n d ix : L en g th o f s e r v ic e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c ific v a c a tio n a l l o w a n c e s in g r a d u a t e d p l a n s , m a j o r c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g a g r e e m e n t s , b y i n d u s t r y , 1 9 6 1 ______________________________________________________________ 27 iii O O vO VO P a i d v a c a t i o n s in m a j o r u n io n c o n t r a c t s , 1 9 6 1 P r e v a l e n c e o f p a i d v a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s _________________________________________________ Paid Leave Provisions in Major Contracts, 1961 Paid Vacation Provisions in Major Union Contracts, 1961 T he tr e n d dustries accounted for 1,030 of the agreements and nonmanufacturing, for 668 agreements and 3,071, 000 workers. All of the 1,698 agreements studied were in effect at the beginning of 1961, with about 30 percent of them scheduled for renegotiation during in vacation benefits continues up ward, a Bureau of Labor Statistics study of major collective bargaining agreements in effect in 1961 has revealed.1 Since 1957, the date of the Bureau’s previous survey,1 2 the proportion of vacation plans providing for paid leave of up to 4 weeks or longer has more than doubled, rising from 20 to 43 per cent of all graduated plans (chart 1). A vacation the year. Prevalence of Paid Vacation Provisions Ninety-tw o percent of the major agreements analyzed provided some form of vacation allow ance (table 1). Paid vacations were granted in nearly all manufacturing agreements, and in 4 out of 5 nonmanufacturing agreements. Of the period of 3 or 3K weeks was provided in 1961 to long-service workers by 49 percent of the gradu ated plans. The 2-week vacation maximum, which was predominant in 1949, was provided b y fewer than 1 out of 10 agreements in 1961. The extension of maximum vacation periods has 142 agreements without vacation provisions, 124 were in the construction industry. Over 90 percent of the agreements with vacation benefits established graduated plans, under which benefits increased with length of service. Of the 142 agreements with other types of vacation been accompanied b y reduction in length-ofservice requirements. The proportion of agree ments requiring 15 and 25 years of service to qualify for 3 and 4 weeks, respectively, dropped markedly during the 4-year period (chart 2). In provisions, 75 required employer contributions to central funds which subsequently provided vaca tion pay directly to workers. The remaining 67 plans were of the following types: 1961, 26 percent of the workers under agreements were eligible for a 3-week allowance after 10 years’ employment, compared with 11 percent in 1957. Agreements All plans___________________________ Uniform plan___________________________ Ratio-to-work plan_____________________ Reference-to-vacation p la n 1_________ Other plans 2____________________________ 67 18 15 13 21 Workers 462, 900 245, 950 93, 900 31, 750 91, 300 For this study of selected aspects of paid vaca tion plans (types of plans, length of vacation periods, service requirements, and vacation pat terns 3), the Bureau analyzed 1,698 collective bargaining agreements covering 1,000 or more workers each, or virtually all agreements of this size in the United States except those in railroad or airline industries.4 The 7.4 million workers covered represented almost half of the workers under agreement in the United States, exclusive Service and Vacation Time. In 1961, well over 1 out of 3 major manufacturing agreements and of over one-half of nonmanufacturing agreements railroads and airlines. Manufacturing i N o details provided. 2 Usually combinations of several types of vacation plans. Graduated Plans in provided paid vacations of up to 4 weeks (table 2), as against 1 out of 6 manufacturing and about 1 out of 4 nonmanufacturing contracts in 1 The study was concluded prior to the agreement in the steel industry, effective on July 1,1962, which liberalized vacation policies. 2 See Paid Vacation Provisions in Major Union Contracts, 1957 (B LS B ul letin 1233, 1958); Monthly Labor Review, July 1958, pp. 744-751. 3 For a discussion of other aspects of paid vacation plans, such as computa tion of vacation pay, scheduling, and accumulation of leave, see BLS Bulletin 1233, op. cit. * The Bureau does not maintain a file of railroad and airline agreements. 1957. A provision for a m aximum vacation of 4 weeks appeared in 90 percent or more of the agreements in the petroleum, rubber, and com munications industries. 1 2 Along with the increase in vacation time during the period 1 957-61, the length of service necessary to qualify for longer allowances moved downward. In plans providing for a 2-week vacation, the percentage requiring 5 years’ service fell from 36 to 30 percent, while 2- and 3-year requirements rose slightly. The length of service required for 3 weeks’ vacation ranged from 1 year to 25 years (table 3). Forty percent of the plans specified 15 years and 36 percent, 10 years of service as a requirement for a 3-week vacation 5 A d e ta ile d ta b u la tio n of v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s b y indu stry ap pears in the ap pend ix beg in n in g on p. 27» Chart 1. in 1961, as against 65 and 18 percent, respectively, in 1957. Twenty-five years was the required length of service in slightly over one-half of the agreements granting a 4-week vacation, compared with over two-thirds of the agreements in 1957. Allowances at lower service levels tended to be more liberal in 1961 in industries which pro vided the higher maximum vacation allowances.5 6 For example, the petroleum industry, in which all plans provided a 4-week maximum length of vacations, required only 1 year of service for 2 weeks of vacation and 10 years for 3 weeks. M axim um V a c a tio n A llo w a n ces in Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1949,1952, 1957, and 1961 1 week o r l ess 2 weeks over 2 weeks 1949 t ,3 1 4 i 2 week weeks 4,<yu&*neKt& 3 4 weeks weeks 1952 Iessthan2 weeks 2 a n d 2 ^2 weeks \ i 1957 Si ;■ 1% 2 or - ■ ■■ ■ 15%) 64% ' % ,• 20% ■ ... if 1,524 weeks l ess 3 and 3 weeks 1961 4 weeks and over 3 a n d 3 V2 weeks 1,422 <z<£'iee*Kent& Z 24 and weeks over 3 T able 1. V acation Plans in M ajor C ollective B argaining A greements, by I ndustry, 1961 Agreements providing paid vacations Number studied Graduated plans Total Pooled vaca tion funds Other plans * Agreements providing no paid vacations Industry Agree ments A ll industries____________ ____ ________________ M anufacturing__________ ____ __________ _____ ____ Ordnance and accessories _ Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures_____ ____ Textile mill products_________ _ Apparel and other finished products_____________ Lumber and wood products, except furniture Furniture and fixtures_____ __ Paper and allied products. Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products. Petroleum refining and related industries Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products . . . Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries _. Fabricated metal products_____ __ . . . Machinery, except electrical Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies___ Transportation equipment. Instruments and related products............................. Miscellaneous manufacturing industries Nonmanufacturing. _________ _____________________ M ining, crude petroleum, and natural gas pro duction__________________ _ Transportation *_____ _______ __________________ Communications_______ __ Utilities: Electric and gas___ Wholesale trade____________ Retail trade_________________ . . . Hotels and restaurants_____________ . . . . . __ Services________________________ ________________ Construction________ ___ ____ __________________ Miscellaneous nnnmannfactunng industries W ork ers (thou sands) Agree ments W ork ers (thou sands) Agree ments W ork ers (thou sands) Agree ments W ork ers (thou sands) Agree ments W ork ers (thou sands) Agree ments W ork ers (thou sands) 1, 698 7,365. 2 1,556 6, 687. 7 1,414 5, 736. 5 75 488.3 67 462.9 142 677.5 1,030 4,294.2 1,018 4,261.4 950 3,888.1 31 244.8 37 128. 6 12 32.8 67.2 20 114 345. 7 13 26.8 83.4 31 51 432.6 14 25.2 33.0 19 133.2 61 62.2 29 97.3 49 46.3 15 116.2 25 62.9 17 107.1 39 641.8 118 52 137.3 301.4 102 426.9 107 120 1,074.1 22 51.3 12 22.8 67.2 20 113 343.9 12 25.8 75.4 29 48 418.9 14 25.2 33.0 19 133.2 61 62.2 29 93.2 47 46.3 15 116.2 25 62.9 17 107.1 39 118 641.8 51 135.1 301.4 102 105 424.9 120 1,074.1 22 51.3 12 22.8 59.9 16 112 342.3 12 25. 8 65.8 27 18 176.1 25.2 14 29.2 17 133.2 61 29.6 15 42 86.0 46.3 15 24 111.2 61.4 16 38 106.1 641.8 118 50 133.7 300.2 101 424.9 105 117 1,018.6 49.9 21 21.3 11 4 1 7.3 1. 6 2 1 9.6 1.0 1 1 2 3 1.8 1.0 8.0 13.7 2 4.1 668 3,071.0 538 2,426.3 464 1, 848.5 20 111 77 78 12 108 34 54 43 1 17 87 77 74 12 105 33 50 9 20 112 78 78 12 108 34 58 167 1 240.4 674.4 511.4 193.4 20.1 289.5 165. 8 197.0 776.3 2.9 1 Includes agreements providing for uniform allowances regardless of length of service, ratio-to-work plans, plans with combined features of several different types of vacation arrangements, and plans whose details were not available. The food, paper, chemical, rubber, utilities, and retail trade industries, where 4-week maximums were common, required 2 or 3 years for 2 weeks’ vacation and 10 years for 3 weeks. Nearly all of these industries had required 15 years’ service for 3 weeks’ vacation in 1957. Nearly 2 out of 5 graduated allowances were in increments of half weeks or days in addition to full weekly units. A typical arrangement 240.4 673.3 510.4 193.4 20.1 289.5 165.8 152.0 178.7 2.9 33.2 498.5 510.4 177.5 20.1 280.3 160.5 144.0 24.1 29 1 241.8 1.5 3.8 32.6 7.2 1 5.0 1 1.0 1 1 1.4 1.2 3 1 55. 5 1.5 243.6 30 334.3 97.1 3 10 207.2 77.7 4 15.9 3 1 4 4 1 9.2 5.4 8.0 8.2 2.9 1 1.5 44 14 30 2 14 5 146.5 1 2.2 2 2.0 130 644.7 1 1 1.1 1.0 4 124 45.0 597.6 Excludes railroad and airline industries. N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. years. Less than 1 year’s service was required for all half-week vacations. The majority of agreements providing a 1%-week vacation stipu lated 3 years’ service, but nearly one fourth required less than 2 years’ service. might grant 1 week’s vacation after 1 year of Vacation Patterns. The details of specific vaca tion plans varied widely among the agreements analyzed. In total, about 500 different vacation patterns (e.g., 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 5 service, and 1 additional day for each year of years, 3 weeks for 15 years of service) were found service between 1 and 5. A worker with 3 years of service would thus be entitled to 1 week and 2 days of vacation.6 Half-week and 1-day among the 1,414 graduated plans. The practice of granting half weeks accounted for a substantial number of these variations. allowances at the lower benefit levels often stated Over one-half of the workers under graduated service requirements in months or fractions of plans were covered b y 25 vacation plan patterns, • For the purposes of this study, a half week was equivalent to 2 days but less than 4 days, or 16 hours but less than 32 hours, or 1 percent but less than 2 percent of annual earnings. each found in at least 10 agreements (table 4 ), which accounted for about two-fifths of all such plans. The largest concentration of workers in 4 a single pattern— 1 week for 1 year, 1 % weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 2 % weeks for 10 years, 3 weeks for 15 years— was contributed, in the main, in the steel industry in 1961.71 b y 16 agreements in the automobile industry. This same pattern, supplemented b y an additional Other Types of Vacation Plans (79). M ore than 80 percent of the workers under this pattern were covered b y 52 contracts half-week allowance after 25 years of service, was the m ost frequent plan in terms of agreements 7 Beginning January 1,1963, regular vacation benefits in the steel industry will be as follows: 1 year’s service—1 week; 3 years—2 weeks; 10 years’—3 weeks; 25 years’—4 weeks. In addition to this increase in regular vacations, the agreement established a savings-vacation plan to provide supplemental vacation and retirement benefits. T able 2. M aximum L ength of Alm ost all of the funded vacation benefit plans were in industries characterized b y seasonal or irregular employment and frequent job changes, such as maritime, apparel, and construction. Three-fifths of all paid vacation plans in the apparel industry stipulated funded arrangements V acations Provided in G raduated Plans, M ajor C ollective B argaining A gree ments , b y I ndustry , 1961 Total graduated plans Maximum length of vacation i 1 week 2 weeks 2 ^ weeks 3 ^ weeks 3 weeks Over 4 weeks 4 weeks Industry W ork W ork W o rk W ork W o rk W o rk W ork W o rk ers A gree ers ers ers A gree ers A gree A gree A gree ers A gree ers A gree ers A gree ments (thou ments (th o u ments (th o u ments (th o u ments (thou ments (th o u ments (thou ments (th o u sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) A ll industries_________ __ M a n u fa c tu rin g . Ordnance apd accessories___ Food and kindred products.. T n h a c .c n m a n u f a c t u r e s Textile mill p r o d u c t s _____ Apparel and other finished products__ __ __ ______ Lum ber and wood products, e x c e p t fu r n itu r e F u r n it u r e a n d fix tu r e s Paper and allied products. Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied prod ucts________ _______ ______ Petroleum refining and re lated industries . . . ______ R ubber and miscellaneous plastic products __ Leather and leather prod ucts______________________ Stone, clay, and glass prod ucts ___ ___ _ _____ Primary metal industries___ Fabricated metal p rod u cts.. Machinery, except electrical. Electrical machinery, equip ment, and supplies Transportation equipm en t.. Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufactur ing i n d u s t r i e s Nonmanufacturing _ M ining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production. Transportation 2 ___________ Communications Utilities: Electric and gas. _. W h o le s a le tra d e Retail trade Hotels and restaurants S e rv ic e s C o n s tr u c tio n 1,414 5,736.5 3 6.0 110 463.8 13 38.7 559 2,126.7 117 694.0 596 2,369.5 16 37.9 950 3,888.1 3 6.0 63 320.1 12 36.9 417 1,692.0 110 676.2 338 1,141.3 7 15.8 1 3.5 4 9.4 1 1.2 1 1.0 1 4.2 9~ 22.2 1 1 1 6 1.5 2.5 1.2 17.0 16 112 12 27 59.9 342.3 25.8 65.8 1 2.3 1 22 1.3 59.4 18 176.1 2 3.7 15 170.7 1 1.7 14 17 61 25.2 29.2 133.2 5 1 9. 6 4.0 8 15 9 11.6 23.7 13.5 15 29.6 9 42 86.0 7 15 46.3 24 111.2 __ 2 '" " I T 3.4 11 38 9 3 46.4 77.1 21.2 4.3 5 11.1 1 1.5 1.2 4 65 1 1 10.0 244.8 1.0 1.1 1 4.0 50 117.3 17.9 6 11. 7 18.4 33 64.3 2 4.7 1 15 46.3 22 106.6 16 61.4 6 28.3 9 31.8 1 1.3 38 118 50 101 106.1 641.8 133. 7 300.2 2 6.7 3 1 8.2 6.0 22 40 21 61 69.9 61.3 42. 7 152. 6 3 63 14 6 8.0 537.9 28.7 18.9 11 14 12 33 21.5 41.6 54.1 122.7 424.9 105 117 1,018.6 3 2 7.0 13.3 52 80 180.2 868.3 2 14 2.9 64.9 46 13 228.2 42.1 13 31.4 1 1.1 7 17.4 1 2.1 7 13.8 3 5.5 21 11 2. 5 30.0 49.9 21.3 464 1, 848. 5 ~ 17 87 77 74 12 105 33 50 9 1 8 33.2 498. 5 510.4 177. 5 20.1 280.3 160. 5 144.0 24.1 47 143.8 1 1.8 3 2 4.2 4.6 1 1.8 7 14 14 7 18.5 54.7 40.7 21.1 142 434.7 7 17.8 6 26 2 10 7 44 19 26 2 11.4 90.1 4.7 16.1 10. 5 125.1 105.8 68.2 3.0 4 2 12.3 2.9 1 2.7 258 1,228.3 3 55 74 58 5 53 3.9 396. 7 504.6 144.4 9.6 134.1 10 35.1 Miscellaneous nonmanufactn r in g in d u s tr ie s 1 Agreements providing pay in lieu of vacation were classified according to the number of weeks paid for. When vacation pay was expressed as per centage of total annual earnings, 2 percent was considered equivalent to 1 week’s vacation. 2 Excludes railroad and airline industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 5 between employers' associations and unions. The employer was usually required to pay a certain percentage of weekly wages into a health and wel fare or similarly titled fund. The m ajority of these funds provided for such benefits as life insurance, hospitalization, pensions, and medical care, as well as vacation pay. The portion of the contribution or amount to be specifically allocated to vacation benefits was seldom stipulated.8 Chart 2. Percentage of Selected Collective Bar gaining Agreements Granting Specific Vacation Allowances for Selected Length of Service Require ments, 1957 and 1961 Percent 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 M ost of the 29 pooled funds in the apparel industry were unilaterally administered by the union.9 A few large agreements established jointly administered funds, governed by a board of trustees composed of union and employer representatives and headed by an impartial chairman. Under funded arrangements in the maritime industry, additional vacation benefits were granted to employees having 1 full year of continuous employment, as follows: An employee shall be eligible for vacation benefits in accordance with the following schedules: Number o f months employed by contributing employers in a spread of 720 days Number of days of vacation benefits 3 months__________________________________________ 4 months__________________________________________ 5 months_____________________________ 6 months______ ____________________________________ 7 months_______________________________ 8 months_____________________ 9 months__________________________________ 10 months_______________________________________ 11 months_______________________________________ 12 months__________________________________________ 11% days 15 days 18% days 22% days 26% days 30 days 33% days 37% days 41% days 45 days The amount of vacation benefits shall be prorated in accordance with the average base rate pay received by the [employee] during the period of employment used in determining eligibility to benefits. In addition to [these] benefits, if an employee has been in the continuous employ of one employer for 360 con secutive days, he shall be entitled to an additional 18 days of vacation benefits. Effective as of June 16, 1959, an employee who has been in continuous employ of one employer for 360 consecutive days shall be entitled to an additional 30 days of vacation benefits instead of the aforesaid 18 days. 8 For actual percentage contributions to vacation and holiday funds in the apparel industry, see Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices for Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries, 1959 (B L S Bulletin 1308, 1962) p. 64. 9 Section 302 of the Labor Management Relations A ct forbids payments b y an employer into trust funds unilaterally administered b y the union. Section 302(g), however, excepts from this prohibition all funds established before January 1, 1946, and funds which contained provisions for pooled vacation benefits prior to January 1, 1947. Funded vacation plans in the construction industry usually designated a certain cents-perhour or percentage of weekly payroll contribution to a bilaterally administered fund. The details of the plan were to be determined b y the trustees, as in the following example: The vacation plan . . . shall continue to be admin istered by joint trustees composed of an equal number of representatives of the union and . . . the [employers], which shall designate their trustees and the method of their replacement within 30 days from the date of execution of this agreement. Every employer shall continue to pay to the trustees for the operation of the vacation plan not later than the 20th day of each month for each hour worked by all employees . . . during the previous month the sum of 10 cents per hour until July 1, 1959, at which time the amount shall be increased to total 4 percent of the gross total wage of each employee . . . for the balance of the term of this agreement. This plan shall provide that vacations shall be taken with the mutual consent of the employer and the em- 5 between e m p lo y e d associations and unions. The employer was usually required to pay a certain percentage of weekly wages into a health and wel fare or similarly titled fund. The m ajority of these funds provided for such benefits as life insurance, hospitalization, pensions, and medical care, as well as vacation pay. The portion of the contribution or amount to be specifically allocated to vacation benefits was seldom stipulated.8 M ost of the 29 pooled funds in the apparel industry were unilaterally administered by the union.9 A few large agreements established jointly administered funds, governed by a board of trustees composed of union and employer representatives and headed b y an impartial chairman. Under funded arrangements in the maritime industry, additional vacation benefits were granted to employees having 1 full year of continuous employment, as follows: An employee shall be eligible for vacation benefits in accordance with the following schedules: Number o f months employed by contributing employers in a spread of 720 days Number of days of vacation benefits 3 months__________ 11% days 4 months__________________________________________ 15 days 5 months_____________________________ 18% days 6 months____________________________________________22% days 7 months_____________________________ 26% days 8 months_____________________ 30 days 9 months____________________________________________33% days 10 months_________________________ 37% days 11 months___________________________________________41% days 12 months___________________________________________45 days The amount of vacation benefits shall be prorated in accordance with the average base rate pay received by the [employee] during the period of employment used in determining eligibility to benefits. In addition to [these] benefits, if an employee has been in the continuous employ of one employer for 360 con secutive days, he shall be entitled to an additional 18 days of vacation benefits. Effective as of June 16, 1959, an employee who has been in continuous employ of one employer for 360 consecutive days shall be entitled to an additional 30 days of vacation benefits instead of the aforesaid 18 days. 8 For actual percentage contributions to vacation and holiday funds in the apparel industry, see Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices for Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries, 1959 (B LS Bulletin 1308, 1962) p. 64. 9 Section 302 of the Labor Management Relations A ct forbids payments b y an employer into trust funds unilaterally administered b y the union. Section 302(g), however, excepts from this prohibition all funds established before January 1, 1946, and funds which contained provisions for pooled vacation benefits prior to January 1, 1947. Chart 2. Percentage of Selected Collective Bar gaining Agreements Granting Specific Vacation Allowances for Selected Length of Service Require ments, 1957 and 1961 a fte r service of... 0 10 20 30 40 50 P e rc e n t 60 70 1 year 2 y e a rs 3 ye a rs 5 years 5 years o r less 10 y e a r s 15 y e a r s less than 20 y e a rs 20 ye a rs 25 y e a rs Funded vacation plans in the construction industry usually designated a certain cents-perhour or percentage of weekly payroll contribution to a bilaterally administered fund. The details of the plan were to be determined b y the trustees, as in the following example: The vacation plan . . . shall continue to be admin istered by joint trustees composed of an equal number of representatives of the union and . . . the [employers], which shall designate their trustees and the method of their replacement within 30 days from the date of execution of this agreement. Every employer shall continue to pay to the trustees for the operation of the vacation plan not later than the 20th day of each month for each hour worked by all employees . . . during the previous month the sum of 10 cents per hour until July 1, 1959, at which time the amount shall be increased to total 4 percent of the gross total wage of each employee . . . for the balance of the term of this agreement. This plan shall provide that vacations shall be taken with the mutual consent of the employer and the em- 6 ployee . . . . The employee must take his vacation each year and except in unusual circumstances, with the consent of the union, the employee shall not be paid money in lieu of vacation. The [vacation] plan will operate under a trust agreement and a suitable depository in connection with same shall be selected by the Board of Trustees. All of the details of administration, . . . periods of vacation, etc., shall be worked out by the said trustees. Of the 15 ratio-to-work plans, 7 were in the printing and publishing industry. In these indus tries, the amount of vacation pay was geared to the number of days or hours worked in a year, usually yielding a maximum of 3 weeks’ vacation: [Employees] are entitled to a credit of one-fourteenth of a day’s vacation with pay for each day worked with their current employer, but shall not be credited with more than 3 weeks’ paid vacation in any 1 year. T able 3. L ength of Seventy-nine percent of workers receiving vaca tions under ratio-to-work plans were accounted for by seven transportation (stevedoring and trucking) agreements. A typical provision in this industry based vacation benefits on hours worked during a year as follows: Any [employee] who during the fiscal year . . . receives from members of the [association], payment for 1,200 hours or more is to be granted 2 weeks’ vacation pay— • irrespective of whether such hours are paid for at straighttime or overtime rates. Two weeks’ vacation pay is 80 hours at the straight-time rate. Note: A small joint committee is to be appointed to review the case of any man who worked between 650 and 700 hours (for 1 week’s vacation pay) or between 1,150 and 1,200 hours (for 2 weeks’ vacation pay). The joint committee is to give consideration to the man’s previous work record and its decision is to be final. Service R equired for Specific V acation A llowances C ollective B argaining A greements, 1961 1 in G raduated Plans , M ajor Length of vacation period 1 Week or less1 2 Length of service required Agree ments T otal....... ..... ................ 1H Weeks 2 Weeks 2H Weeks SH Weeks 4 Weeks Over 4 Weeks W ork W ork W ork W ork W ork W ork W ork W ork ers ers Agree Agree ers Agree ers Agree ers ers Agree ers Agree ers Agree (thou ments (thou ments (thou ments (thou ments (thou ments (thou ments (thou ments (thou sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) 1, 539 5, 953. 4 Less than 6 m onths______ 144 413. 4 6 months but less than 1 . ______ year____ ___ 363 1,348. 9 1 v e a r . __ _____________ __ 1,006 4,105. 5 Over 1 but less than 2 years. 15 64.6 2 y e a r s ________ _________ Over 2 but less than 3 years. 3 v e a r s ____ ______________ 4 years____ _______ ______ 5 vears_____________ ______ 6 years___ ________ _______ 7 y e a r s __ __ _ ___________ 8 years_________________ 9 years___________ _ ____ 10 vears_____ _____ ____ __ 11 years__ ___ __________ 12 years____________ ____ 13 years __ ____ ___ _____ 14 y e a r s .._____ ______ __ 15 years.. . . ... 16 y e a r s ______ ___________ 17 years___________ _____ 18 y e a rs ... _ _____ ______ 19 vears._________________ 20 years__________ _______ 21 v e a rs .._ . . . _ _________ 22 years.. ____ ____ . . . 23 vears.. _______________ 24 vears_____ __ _ ______ 25 years______ . . . _______ 26 vears___________________ 30 vears. _. ______ . . . . O ther3_________ _________ 11 21.1 410 2. 258. 3 2 2. 6 39 122.8 20 66.1 39 141.8 46 135.6 6 8.2 250 1, 763. 2 3 6.3 1, 386 5. 637. 9 6 359 2,139. 0 1.267 5, 042. 4 38 130. 6 215 877. 4 20 63.4 303 1,065. 0 4 6. 6 330 1,102.8 27 94.4 426 2,244. 7 3 3.5 3 4.4 1 1.3 4 6 3 3 14. 8 13. 7 11. 5 7.2 5 10.0 5 26. 7 69.5 25 14. 4 4 12 33.9 12 45.0 21. 7 12 218 1, 631. 9 3 8.1 210.0 36 3.5 1 7 1 11.6 2.1 6 11.7 10 842. 1 1 1 1 1. 5 5.0 2. 7 3 6.9 610 2, 404. 8 16 37.9 1 1.5 30.6 2 3.8 17.2 3 4.3 9 29.1 234.1 75 1 1.1 8 23.3 16.4 8 7 10.9 456 1, 323. 5 284.0 35 113 331.0 13.5 6 18.3 8 511 2,671. 9 1 3.0 1 1.2 1 9 5 158 13.4 1 Based on 1,414 agreements covering 5,736,500 workers. 2 Includes 264 agreements allowing half-week vacations to more than 833,000 employees who meet the following service requirements: 86 agree ments after less than 6 months, 177 agreements after 6 months but less than l year, and 1 agreement with requirements discussed in footnote 3. 3 Weeks 2.1 14.8 26 1 1 4 1 15 2 3 99.1 2.3 3. 5 10.2 4.0 47.2 5.3 10.0 1. 5 639.3 3.8 4 10.4 1 96 5 32.7 2 4 13.3 2 1 8 9.7 5.0 13.1 6 11.2 14 41.9 1 1.2 i 18 2 195 1.2 249.1 4.5 571.9 4 10.5 4 10.2 4 5.9 2 8.7 88.9 10 48.6 10 11.9 6 318 1, 279. 5 1 3.0 51.0 13 1.2 1 ®Includes length-of-service requirements stated in portions of a calendar year, typically in half years, and other service requirements not separately shown. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 7 T able 4. I dentical G raduated Paid V acation Plans F ound in 10 or M ore A greements, 1961 1 Graduated vacation plans (maximum allowance) Total accounted for,. 2 Agreements Workers 6 18 2, 931, 600 17 12 19 60,450 32,050 66,750 13 14 20 40 10 25 12 17 47 10 46 21,900 73,000 60,650 113,650 55,700 44,400 19,050 22,300 116,900 27,500 709,050 79 463,550 23 19 23 25 20 22 29 49 14 13 75,150 139,150 190,950 57,900 50,250 76,050 87,600 110,800 224,850 32,000 WEEKS 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years......................... .............................. ....... 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years______________ ______ . . . ____ _____ 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 5 years....... ................... - ____ _____ _______ 3 w eeks 2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 10 years---------------------- ----------- ------------- ------------- ------------------------------------------------------ -------2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 12 years------------ ---------- ------- -------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------------- ------------------------------1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 5 years.......................... ............ .......................... ....................... .............................. 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 10 years______ __________________ _______ _____________ ____ _______. ____ _ 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 15 years................ . . ............................ .......................................... . . ........ ............. 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 10 years________ __________ ____ ____________ ______ _____________________ 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 12 years..____ ______________________________ ____ ______ ________________ 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 15 years.......... ................... ................................................ ....................... . ............. 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 5 years, 3 weeks for 15 years.-------------- ---------------- ------- ------------------- ---------------- ----------------------1 week for 1 year, 1)4 weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 3 weeks for 15 years_____ ______ _______________________________ 1 week for 1 year, 1)4 weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 2)4 weeks for 10 years, 3 weeks for 15 years......... ................... .......... 3)4 w eeks 1 week for 1 year, 1)4 weeks for 3 years, 2 weeks for 5 years, 2)4 weeks for 10 years, 3 weeks for 15 years, 3)4 weeks for 25 years. 4 w eeks 2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 20 years----------------- ---------------- ----------- 1 week for 6 months to 1 year, 2 weeks for 1 year, 3 weeks for 15 years, 4 weeks for 25 years. 1 week for 6 months to 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 15 years, 4 weeks for 25 years. 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 20 years............. ......... 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 25 years.................... . 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 2 years, 3 weeks for 15 years, 4 weeks for 25 years____ ______ 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 20 y e a rs .................... 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 10 years, 4 weeks for 25 years...................... 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 11 years, 4 weeks for 18 years...................... 1 week for 1 year, 2 weeks for 3 years, 3 weeks for 12 years, 4 weeks for 25 years.................— 1 Based on 1,414 graduated paid vacation plans covering 5,736,500 workers. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Any [employee] who during the fiscal year . . . receives from members of the [association] payment for 1,500 hours or more— irrespective of whether such hours are paid for at straight-time or overtime rates— is to be granted 3 weeks of vacation pay if he has worked 700 hours a year in 5 of the 6 preceding years. Three weeks’ vacation pay is 120 hours at the straight-time rate. Uniform vacation allowances ranging from 1 to 3% weeks’ pay were granted in 8 manufacturing and 10 nonmanufacturing agreements. Two of these, covering about 200,000 workers in the coal mining industry, provided payments of $200 and $160, respectively, to each worker for a vacation period of 14 calendar days. Prevalence of Holiday Provisions in Major Union Contracts, 1961 struction agreements. Between 1958 and 1961, there was a decrease in the frequency of unpaid holiday provisions but an increase in the number S e v e n d ays continued to be the most common paid holiday provision in major agreements in 1961, although 8 or more days were specified in over a third of the agreements with paid holiday provisions. The more liberal provisions for paid holidays were predominantly in nonmanufacturing agreements, largely in the transportation, commun ications, and utilities industries. Paid holidays were provided by about 9 out of 10 agreements analyzed, a proportion almost identical with the findings of two earlier studies of the Bureau of Labor Statistics in 1952-53 and 1958.11 A development that was noted in 1961 was the occurrence of funded holiday plans in several con T able 1. P a id H o l id a y P r o v is io n s in M ajor C of such days— which, when worked, generally com mand premium rates. As in the past, unpaid holiday provisions were featured in construction and mining agreements. Scope of Study This study was based on an analysis of 1,698 collective bargaining agreements, each covering 1,000 or more workers, or virtually all agreements 1 “ Holiday Provisions in Union Agreements, 1952-53,” Monthly Labor Review, February 1954, pp. 128-33, and Labor Management Contract Provi sions, 195S: Prevalence and Characteristics of Selected Collective Bargaining Clauses (B L S Bull. 1166,1954), pp. 8—13; “ Paid H oliday Provisions in M ajor Union Contracts, 1958,” Monthly Labor Review, January 1959, pp. 26-32, and B LS Bull. 1248 (1959). o l l e c t iv e B a r g a in in g A g reem ents, by I ndustry, 1961 [Workers in thousands] N um ber studied Total with paid holiday provisions * Total without paid holiday provisions 2 Industry All industries____________________________________________ Manufacturing______ ______ ___________________ Ordnance and accessories___ _______________ ___ ____ ___ Food and kindred products______________________________ Tobacco manufactures____________________________ ______ Textile mill products________ ____________________ ______ Apparel and other finished products_____________________ Lumber and wood products, except furniture_____ ______ Furniture and fixtu res___ _________________________ ____ Paper and allied products___________________ __ _______ Printing, publishing, and allied industries_____ _________ Chemicals and allied products_____________ _____ _______ Petroleum refining and related industries Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products____ _____ Leather and leather products________________ _ _ _ __ _ Stone, clay, and glass products__________ _ _____ ____ Primary metal industries.__________ ___ _________ ______ Fabricated metal products._______ _____________________ Machinery, except electrical_____________________________ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies_________ Transportation equipment____________________ _ _______ Instruments and related products_______ _____ ______ __ Miscellaneous industries___________ ____ ______ _. Nonmanufacturing__________ _____________________ Mining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production____ Transportation 3____ _____ _____ ____________________ .. Communications______________ _________________________ Utilities: Electric and gas_______________________________ Wholesale trade_______________________ ___ _________ _ Retail trade____________________________ _________ ____ Hotels and restaurants___________________________________ Services_____ ____ _____________ _______ _________________ C onstruction..______ ________ ________________________ _ Miscellaneous in d u s trie s .._____ ____ _____ _ _________ Workers Agreements Workers 1,698 7,365.2 1,513 6,315.5 185 1,049.7 1,030 4,294.2 1,017 4,268. 7 13 25.5 20 114 13 31 51 14 19 61 29 49 15 25 17 39 118 52 102 107 120 22 12 67.2 345.7 26.8 83.4 432.6 25.2 33.0 133.2 62.2 97.3 46.3 116.2 62.9 107.1 641.8 137.3 301.4 426.9 1,074.1 51.3 22.8 20 107 13 30 51 14 19 61 29 49 15 25 17 39 118 51 102 105 118 22 12 67.2 326.4 26.8 82.4 432.6 25.2 33.0 133.2 62.2 97.3 46.3 116.2 62.9 107.1 641.8 136.3 301.4 424. 9 1,071.9 51.3 22.8 7 19.3 1 1.0 668 3,071.0 496 20 112 78 78 12 108 34 58 167 1 240.4 674.4 511.4 193.4 20.1 289.5 165.8 197.0 776.3 2.9 16 106 77 77 12 108 27 49 23 1 1 Includes 93 agreements, covering 420,500 workers, which provide for both paid and unpaid holidays. 2 Includes 17 agreements, covering 67,300 workers, which make no reference to holidays and 168 agreements, covering 982,400 workers, which provide for unpaid holidays only. Agreements Workers Agreements 3 1 1.0 2 2 2.0 2.2 2,046.8 172 1,024.3 31.9 651.7 510.4 189.0 20.1 289.5 146.9 138.4 66.1 2.9 4 6 1 1 208.5 22.7 1.0 4.4 7 9 144 18.9 58.6 710.2 Excludes railroad and airline industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals, 9 10 of this size in the United States, exclusive of the railroad and airline industries.2 The 7.4 million workers covered b y the analyzed contracts repre sented almost half of all the workers estimated to be under agreements in the United States, exclu sive of the two industries. paid holiday provisions specified 8 days, and another 11 percent provided 9 or more holidays (table 2). Of these, 4.3 million workers, covered b y 1,030 agreements, were in manufacturing, and 668 agreements applied to 3.1 million workers in nonmanufacturing establish Total Paid Holidays in M ajor Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1950, 1952-53, 1958, and 1961 1 ments (table 1). The study deals exclusively with the prevalence Less th a n 6 da ys.... of paid and unpaid holidays.3 All agreements analyzed were in effect in 1961. April 1961 was the earliest expiration date of any agreement included in the study, and 70 percent of the agree ments were scheduled to expire in 1962 or later. Prevalence of Paid Holidays B y Industry. Paid holidays have been provided b y approximately 90 percent of major collective bargaining agreements for nearly a decade, with an increase in the average number of paid holidays being noted in each succeeding study of the B L S (chart). During the 3 years between 1958 and 1961, a general increase in the number of holidays occurred in m any industries and no marked change was noted for any specific industry. In 1961, all major agreements studied in 16 manufacturing and 3 nonmanufacturing industries provided for paid holidays. Agreements which did not con tain provisions for paid holidays were primarily accounted for b y the construction and mining industries. T hey were also found in the tobacco and transportation industries, in hotels and restau rants, and in services. Seven paid holidays remained the most common practice in 1961, although a slight decrease in its frequency has taken place with an increase in the proportion of agreements providing more than 7 days. About one-fourth of the agreements with 9 d a y s o r m ore.... ^ 6 % N u m b e r of A g r e e m e n t s W ith O th e r.... |5% 4% E 15% P a id H o lid a y P r o v is io n s : 1 ,7 0 1 1950 1 9 5 2 - 5 3 1_____ 1 1 , 5 1 6 1958 K W T l ,561 1961 E S E S 3 1 , 5)3 1 For purposes of this chart, 2 half-day holidays are the equivalent of 1 full day; thus, 6 full days and 2 half days were counted as 7 holidays. The “ other” category includes, in addition to the agreements designated as “ other” in footnote 1, table 2, agreements providing for only 1 half day in addition to full-day holidays; e.g., 6 full days plus 1 half day. Contracts specifying less than 6 days were infrequent in 1961 and were found in only 52 aAgreements for the airline and railroad industries are not collected b y the Bureau. contracts, or about 3 percent of the total with paid holiday provisions. Two-thirds of these 3 For practices relating to eligibility requirements for holidays, rates for work on holidays, and pay for holidays falling on nonwork days, see B LS Bull. 1248, op. cit. hotels and restaurants industries (table 3). contracts were in the textile mill, apparel, and 11 T able 2. N umber of P aid H olidays in M ajor C ollec tive B argaining A greements, by I ndustry D ivision , 1961 [Workers in thousands] All industries Manufac turing Nonmanu facturing Number of Days A gree W ork A gree W ork A gree W ork ments ers ments ers ments ers Total with paid holi day provisions____ 1, 513 6,315.5 1,017 4,268.7 496 2,046.8 Less than 6 full days........... 6 full days............................. 6 full days plus 1 half day_. 6 full days plus 2 half days__ 7 full days............................. 7 full days plus 1 half d a y .. 7 full days plus 2 half d a ys.. 8 full days________________ 8 full days plus 1 half d a y .. 8 full days plus 2 half days.. 9 full days........... ................. 9 full days plus 1 half day._ 9 full days plus 2 half days. 10 full days........... ........... . 10 full days plus 1 half day11 full days............... ............ 11 full days plus 1 half day11 full days plus 2 half days. 12 full days...................... . 13 full days_______________ Others 1............... ................. 52 205.8 202 743.5 21 190.7 88 809.3 543 2,234.8 14 30.9 26 56.0 353 1,260. 6 11 30. 0 8 13.4 297.6 71 5 9.5 11 26.5 36 109.6 2 3.6 28 113.3 1 6.9 1 1.1 6 69.6 1 10.0 93.2 33 104.1 31 97 268.6 20 189.5 86 806.4 412 1,771. 4 27.1 11 22 40.0 238 823.7 11 30.0 13.4 8 29 64.3 3 6.3 10 24.3 56.2 18 1 1.0 6 10.2 21 105 1 2 131 3 4 115 101.8 475.0 1.2 2.9 463.5 3.8 16.0 436.9 42 2 1 18 1 22 1 1 4 1 21 233.3 3.2 2.2 53.5 2.6 103.1 6.9 1.1 63.4 10.0 66.8 2 6.2 12 26.5 * Includes 6 agreements in the food processing industry, in which unworked holidays are paid for only during the intercampaign, or nonprocessing, season; 13 agreements in which the number of holidays vary by geographical location; 5 agreements in the construction industry, which provide for funded holidays; 4 agreements which are unclear; and 5 agreements in which a definite number of holidays are specified but additional paid holidays are granted under special circumstances. B y Region. The proportion of agreements grant ing nine or more paid holidays in the New England and M iddle Atlantic regions was much larger than in any other region. A majority of the contracts in each region stipulated at least 7 days, but in two regions— W est North Central and South Atlantic— nearly one-third permitted 6 or fewer. In large measure, the regional variations reflected the practices of the industries predominant in these areas, but particular local observances also played a part. Special Practices. Paid-holiday provisions in 33 agreements did not conform to general practice. In 13 of these, the number of holidays varied by location; 7 of the 13 were master agreements which left determination of the number of days to local bargaining, and 6 were interstate con tracts which provided that employees working in certain locations be given an additional day off. Six agreements in food processing made provision for paid holidays during the intercampaign, or nonprocessing season but stipulated that certain N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. holidays would be unpaid if they occurred while the processing season was in progress. Particu A general shift to a greater number of paid holidays in nearly all industries resulted in a further decrease in the prevalence of 6 full days. However, 6-day provisions continued to represent a substantial portion of all paid holiday provisions in at least two industries-— lumber and wood products (except furniture) and leather and leather products. Accounting for much of the rise in the preva lence of 8 paid holidays were agreement changes in ordinance, food, rubber products, fabricated metals, electrical machinery, transportation, and lar groups received special attention in five agreements, on religious or other grounds. Funded holiday plans in five construction agreements included in the 1961 analysis are a relatively recent development. A combined con tribution was designated for both vacations and holidays in two agreements, while three contracts made expressly clear the amount to be paid for holiday purposes from a combined contribution. There were variations among these five agreements in the amounts of employer contributions and the details of the trust funds, but none of the agree ments specified the number of days to be observed. For example: retail trade. Provisions for 9 or more days were scattered among m any manufacturing industries and were most common in food, transportation (other than railroad and airlines), communications, and utilities agreements. Both in 1958 and 1961, half holidays 4 were found in approximately one-eighth of the agree Electrical Workers’ Joint Board of Trustees, Holiday and Vacation Fund. Employer's contribution is 7 percent of the gross electrical labor payroll. This contribution shall be made by check or draft for each regular payroll period and shall be mailed to reach the Electrical Workers' Joint Board of Trustees' Office not later than 7 calendar days from the date on which the weekly wages were paid. * * * * * ments, predominantly in manufacturing industries such as transportation equipment and machinery (except electrical). M o st frequently, the half days designated were election day, Christmas E ve and/or New Y ear’s Eve. 4 A period of time less than 4 hours was not counted in this analysis as a half day. M any agreements made provision for 2 or 3 hours’ leave with pay on election day to enable workers to vote. 12 T able 3. N umber of P aid H olidays in M ajor C ollective [Workers in Less than 6 days Industry 6 full days 1 2.0 1 4.1 2 4.1 2 1 4.5 11.0 1 1.5 88 189.5 86 12 2 11 7 11 4 3 4 4 Chemicals and allied products__ _ _______ ________ _ 37.8 2.3 27.3 29.8 21. 5 8. 5 6.8 4. 8 16.4 1 16 1.0 183.5 1 2.6 Agree ments 1 1.1 6 8.1 1 3.6 1.6 10.4 13.4 75.1 32.9 651.4 7. 7 1.3 4 13 9 3 7 3 10 49 5 8 1 14 2 23 90 16 46 45 54 8 2 2.9 131 463.5 9 19.2 23 25 19 1 31 6 14 3 57.7 191.6 42.9 1.0 77.9 47.0 21.2 5.2 r e fin in g a n d r e la te d in d u s t r ie s "R u b b e r a n d m is e e lla n e o n s p la s t ic p r o d u c t s Leather and leather products. S to n e 67.1 190.7 20 L u m b e r ^ n d w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t fu r n it u r e P e tr o le u m 86.9 33 21 268.6 104.1 p u b l i s h i n g , a n d a llie d i n d u s t r ie s 40 412 1, 771. 4 743.5 97 205.8 P r in tin g 543 2,234. 8 806. 4 202 52 31 Furniture and fixtures____ _______________ _ ______ Paper and allied products ________ _____ __ _ 809.3 W ork ers Manufacturing________________________________ _ ___ W ork ers Agree ments All industries------------------------------------------------------------- Apparel and other finished products__ Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments ____ _ ______ Nonmanufacturing________ 11 6 3 3 3 6 5 __ 2 c l a y , a n d g la s s p r o d u c t s Primary metal industries________________ _____ Fabricated metal products __ _ _____ _____ _____ Machinery, except electrical_______ _ _____________ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies _ Transportation equipment __ __ Instruments and related products _ Miscellaneous industries _ _ _________________ 6. 5 1 1. 5 2 21 101.8 105 475.0 4 5. 9 Mining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production. 2 Communications. T r a n s p o r ta t io n _ __ _ ____________ ___________ . U tilitie s ' E le c tr ic a n d g a s W h o le s a le tr a d e R e ta il tra d e T T o te ls a n d r e s t a u r a n t s S e rv ic e s U o n s tr u cti on M is c e lla n e o n s in d n s tr ie s 5.1 1.2 5.2 31 2 2 267.7 28.5 2.8 2 10 5.0 71. 6 4 13. 7 34 9 19 4 75.3 24.9 54.0 16. 0 $ jjc jjc Vacation and Holiday. Contractors shall contribute the amounts shown in the following [tabulation] into the . . . Pipe Trades Trust Fund for each workman covered by this agreement, for each hour worked . . . . The contri bution for vacation and holiday, when paid on overtime 1.3 1 1.2 1 7 9 18 13 28 1 1 1 1.2 2 2 1 2.9 1.2 13.3 27.4 22.4 4.9 142.8 3.7 16.3 111.6 6.9 20.1 1.0 46.7 11.8 73. 5 603.2 35.6 154.9 201.9 257.8 11.2 4.9 2 3.3 1 1 3 11 4 3 1 1 1.4 1.3 6.1 22.6 4.9 3.8 1.2 1.6 7 19.8 1 2 1.1 2.4 4 16.4 2 Excludes railroad and airline industries. Paid Vacation and Holidays. The employer agrees to pay monthly, as specified below, into the Carpenters’ Vacation and Holiday Trust Fund . . . under the terms of an agreement and declaration of trust dated December 28, 1954, between the Carpenters’ District Council and three Emloyer Associations and which is hereby made a part of this agreement by reference. (1) For the holiday plan, an amount equal to 2 percent of the gross earnings of each employee covered by this agreement, beginning with the first day of M ay 1960. s|c 1 2.1 3 1 1 i See footnote 1, table 2. jf: 43. 5 13. 5 4.9 4.2 11. 1 12.9 21.4 7 full days plus 1 or more half days 7 full days W ork ers Agree ments W orkers 2.1 29. 6 58. 3 6 full days plus 2 half days W ork ers Agreements 2 8 16 6 full days plus 1 half day hours, will be double the amount indicated. These contributions are to be used for paid vacations and holi days . . . . The contributions for such purposes are effective on the first full payroll period following the date shown: Vacation and holiday September 1, 1960___________________________ July 1, 1961__________________________________ July 1, 1962__________________________________ 33 cents 35 cents 37 cents The contractors and the union agree that the con tractors shall make all legally required deductions and withholdings based on the total wages of each employee, and shall retain the full amount of vacation and holi day . . . contribution for periodic transmittal to the . . . Pipe Trades Trust Fund. 13 B argaining A greements, by I ndustry, 1961 thousands] 8 full days 8 full days plus 1 or more half days 9 full days 9 full days plus 1 or more half days 10 full days More than 10 full days Industry Other i A gree W o rk Agree W o rk A gree W o rk A gree W ork A gree W o r k A gree W o rk A gree W o rk ments ments ers ments ers ers ments ers ments ers ments ers ments ers 353 1,260.6 19 43.4 71 297.6 16 35.9 36 109.6 39 204.4 33 93.2 238 823.7 19 43.4 29 64.3 13 30.6 18 56.2 9 17.3 12 26.5 13 56 50.1 200.1 1.0 3.5 2 2.9 3.6 1 2 4 2 5.2 4.5 1 10.0 1 4 6 23 12 10 3 6 16 18 11 23 25 4 1 1.2 8.2 12.3 38.5 36. 0 66.0 6.3 10.6 21.0 74.8 17. 8 133. 5 130.6 6.3 1.0 1 1.4 1 7 2.0 11.4 115 2 23 29 20 8 25 2 5 1 2 1 1.2 1 1 4 9 1.0 1.1 7.8 27.5 1 1.2 4 4 3 2 3 4.9 9.1 7. 0 5.0 9.1 436.9 42 233.3 2.2 1 4.7 103. 8 155. 5 51.3 12.5 82. 7 3. 5 23.0 2.5 18 6 15 137.3 51.2 34.7 1 1 2.0 3.5 7 1 1.7 2 2.9 1 2.9 1 6 2 24.9 1.2 24.0 2.7 1 3 1.2 4.0 1 2.0 3 15.1 1 1.4 3 5.3 18 53.5 7 1 1 30 14.9 1.0 1.5 187.1 2 3.8 4 1 4 1 1 15.3 1.2 6.7 1. 5 1.4 5 7 9 1 3 115.0 9.8 35.2 4.0 6.4 1 1.6 5 2 22.2 5.3 2 2 1 11.1 2.9 2.9 6 10.3 1 1.0 1 1.1 1 7.9 1 2.5 2 3.7 21 66.8 4 1 1 7 20. 5 1.4 1.1 23.4 2 6 3.4 17.0 All industries. Manufacturing. Ordnance and accessories. Food and kindred products. Tobacco manufactures. Textile mill products. Apparel and other finished products. Lumber and wood products, except furniture. Furniture and fixtures. Paper and allied products. Printing, publishing, and allied industries. Chemicals and allied products. Petroleum refining and related industries. Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products. Leather and leather products. Stone, clay, and glass products. Primary metal industries. Fabricated metal products. Machinery, except electrical. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies. Transportation equipment. Instruments and related products. Miscellaneous industries. N onmanufacturing. Mining, erude petroleum, and natural gas pro duction. Transportation.2 C ommunications. Utilities: Electric and gas. Wholesale trade. Retail trade. Hotels and restaurants. Services. Construction. Miscellaneous industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Identical clauses of two agreements read as follows: A sum of 2 percent of the base wage rate shall be paid by the employer to a depository designated by the trustees of the Bricklayers* Holiday Trust Fund for each employee covered by this agreement, in accordance with the terms of a trust agreement negotiated April 29, 1957 . . . . Prevalence of Unpaid Holidays T he prevalence of unpaid holidays has continued to decline. In 1961, approximately 15 percent of the agreements studied specified unpaid holidays, as compared with 18 percent in 1958 (table 4). The decrease was particularly noticeable in apparel, textile mill products, leather and leather products, and hotels and restaurants. A s in 1958, less than 10 percent of the agreements provided unpaid holidays only. In the nonmanufacturing industry division, unpaid holiday practices predominated in the con struction and mining industries, which accounted for two-thirds of all workers not receiving days off with pay. 14 T able 4. N umber U npaid H olidays of in M ajor [Workers Num ber studied Agree ments Manufacturing...................... ............. ............. . Ordnance and accessories__ Tobacco manufactures_________ __ Textile mill products________ _____ _ _____ Apparel and other finished products _ Lumber and wood products, except furniture Furniture and fixtures. _ _ __ Paper and allied products Printing, publishing, and allied industries . _ Chemicals and allied products___ Petroleum refining and related industries. . Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products.. . . . . . Leather and leather products___ Stone, clay, and glass products.. Primary metal industries_______ _ Fabricated metal products____________ _ ______ _ Machinery, except electrical_____ ____ ____________ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies. Transportation equipment___ _ . Instruments and related products...... ....................... _ Miscellaneous industries_________ __ _ . . . Nonmanufacturing_______ ____ _______________ M ining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production... Transportation *___________________ _________ __ . Communications_______________ ____________ _ _ Utilities: Electric and gas................................ . . Wholesale trade............... ........ .......... ................... . ._ Retail trade____ _____ ___________ ____ ___________ _ Hotels and restaurants_____ _________ ______________ Services . ___ ___ _ .... ____ Construction___ . __ ______ __ . ______ _ . Miscellaneous industries____ _____ _________________ W ork ers 1,698 7,365.2 W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers 261 1,402.9 29 137.5 21 115.0 8 25.3 6 31.5 18 102.5 5 16.8 2 3.3 1 1.0 2 14 2.9 91.8 1 1.8 1 1.5 Agree ments 1,030 4,294.2 20 114 13 31 51 14 19 61 29 49 15 25 17 39 118 52 102 107 120 22 12 67.2 345.7 26.8 83.4 432.6 25.2 33.0 133.2 62.2 97.3 46.3 116.2 62.9 107.1 641.8 137.3 301.4 426.9 1,074.1 51.3 22.8 668 3,071.0 20 112 78 78 12 108 34 58 167 1 240.4 674. 4 511.4 193.4 20.1 289.5 165.8 197.0 776.3 2.9 79 333.4 26 132.2 13 2 12 24 3 1 4 40.8 2.1 29.1 192.4 4.4 4.0 6.5 2 1 3 9 2 6.4 1.1 5.8 99.0 2.4 3 5.1 1 1.0 1 1.0 3 3 14. 5 4.0 1 2 3.0 3.0 2 3 2 5 4.0 5.6 2.5 16.7 1 2.0 1 3.5 1 6.0 3 5.3 182 1,069.5 3 11 1 2 207.2 51.7 1.2 9.6 2 11 3 149 2.1 56.8 16. 5 724. 5 1 Includes 93 agreements, covering 420,500 workers, which provide for both paid and unpaid holidays, and 168 agreements, covering 982,400 workers, which provide for unpaid holidays only. 2 Includes 11 agreements providing for 9 holidays, 4 agreements providing for 10 holidays and 5 agreements providing for 11 holidays. 4 days 3 days 2 days 1 day Industry All industries.......................... ...................... ........... ......... Number of unpaid holidays Total with un paid holiday provisions i 1 2 1.1 4.2 1 1.8 1 1 10.6 1.0 1 1 3.6 1.8 1 6.0 3 12.5 3 8.5 4 28.2 1 1.0 1 1.8 2 4.0 2 11.5 2 6.7 2 24.2 3 Includes 6 agreements in the food processing industry, in which unworked holidays are paid for only during the intercampaign, or nonprocessing season; 5 agreements in which the number of holidays varied b y geographic loca tion; 1 agreement providing for an undetermined number of holidays; 1 agree- 15 C o l l e c t iv e B a r g a in in g A g reem en ts, by I n d u s t r y , 1961 in thousands] Num ber of unpaid holidays--Continued 5 days 6 days 7 days 8 days Over 8 days 2 Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers Agree ments W ork ers 12 47.1 66 263.7 50 271.8 32 190.2 20 82.9 9 38.2 5 6.9 1 2.7 3 6.7 1 5 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 13.0 17.6 1.6 2.0 4.0 8.9 1.1 6.0 1.8 2 3.9 1 1.0 1 1.0 1 1.0 61 256.8 2 1 1 3.8 1.2 4.4 2 2 53 4.2 2.0 241.3 1 49 2 47 2.7 1 4.5 1 1 1.0 1.2 269! 1 29 183.5 21.0 1 1 20.0 3.0 1 5.2 248.1 26 155.3 20 1 19 ment providing for 7 ^ holidays; and 4 agreements in which a definite number of holidays are specified, but additional holidays are granted under special circumstances. 82.9 Other 3 Industry Agree ments W ork ers 17 238.1 10 24.2 6 10.3 1 1.4 1 1.5 2 11.0 7 213.9 2 187.2 16.0 66.9 1 1.0 1 3 14.5 11.2 All industries. Manufacturing. Ordnance and accessories. Food and kindred products. Tobacco manufactures. Textile mill products. Apparel and other finished products. Lumber and wood products, except furniture. Furniture and fixtures. Paper and allied products. Printing, publishing, and allied industries. Chemicals and allied products. Petroleum refining and related industries. Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products. Leather and leather products. Stone, clay, and glass products. Primary metal industries. Fabricated metal products. Machinery, except electrical. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies. Transportation equipment. Instruments and related products. Miscellaneous industries. N onmanufacturing. Mining, crude petroleum, and natural gas production. Transportation.* Communications. Utilities: Electric and gas. Wholesale trade. Retail trade. Hotels and restaurants. Services. Construction. Miscellaneous industries. * Excludes railroad and airline industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals. Paid Jury Leave in Major Union Contracts, 1961 Regular 1,600-hour employees called to jury duty shall not lose any pay by reason of serving as jurors. The employer shall pay such employees the difference between their regular compensation and the payment made to them as jurors. T he proportion of collective bargaining agree ments providing for paid jury leave has increased sharply since 1953. Full or partial pay to em ployees serving on juries was specified in nearly half of the major agreements in effect in 1961, as compared with 18 percent in 1953.1 The rise was particularly marked in manufacturing agree ments— from 18 percent to 60 percent. In non manufacturing agreements, the comparable figures were 20 percent and 32 percent. sfe Employer agrees to compensate employee if called for jury service for the difference he receives in jury compensa tion and his daily earnings for each day served. In 1 out of 7 agreements with jury provisions, the employee received his regular pay while on jury duty and was also permitted to retain his jury fees. M o st of the agreements in the petro leum refining industry stipulated this method of compensation, as did a significant proportion in communications and utilities industries. The study, conducted b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, was based on an analysis of 1,717 collectively bargained agreements, each covering 1,000 or more workers, or virtually all of such agreements in the United States, exclusive of those in the railroad and airline industries.9 M ost of the agreements were in effect during 1961; a few expired during the last quarter of 1960 and renewed agreements were not available at the time this study was completed. The 7.4 million workers covered b y these contracts represented somewhat less than half of all workers estimated to be under agreement in the United States, except railroad and airline industries. Employees serving on juries shall do so without loss of pay and may retain any jury fees received. Five percent of the agreements provided for payment of fixed amounts of money. This prac tice prevailed mainly in the transportation equip ment industry, where over two-thirds of the workers received a fixed sum of money, usually $5 per day.1 3* 2 Any employee with 1 or more years* seniority who is called to and reports for jury duty shall be compensated by the company at the rate of $5 per day for each day of jury duty performed on which the employee otherwise would have been scheduled to work for the company and does not work, not to exceed a total of 14 days in any calendar year. Of the 837 agreements with jury duty provisions, all but 127 limited paid leave to time spent in actual jury service. In addition to jury service pay, 50 agreements also provided pay for time spent in qualifying for jury duty and 78 also granted pay to employees summoned as witnesses. (See table 1.) Because jury service is a public duty, pay for such time m ay be a more common practice than an agreement study would indicate. In the remaining agreements, a variety of other pay provisions were found. Several agreements provided for an amount equal to jury p ay; a few granted a designated percentage of the difference between the regular wages and jury p ay; and one based pay on length of jury service. An employee serving on jury duty and unable to work will receive the same amount of pay from the company as jury pay received for each day lost. Checks received for jury duty must be presented to the personnel department. Pay Provisions * In over three-fourths of the agreements with between jury fees and his regular pay (table 2 ). This type of payment predominated in all industries except petroleum refining, com munications, and utilities, and was typically expressed as follow s: * * * * 1 See “ Union Contract Provisions for Paid Jury Leave, 1953,” Monthly Labor Review, M ay 1955, pp. 545-547, or Labor-Management Contract Provi sions, 1954, BLS Bull. 1181 (1955). 2 The Bureau does not maintain a file of railroad and airline agreements. 3 The study was completed before the current General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler agreements with the United Automobile Workers were received. In these, the maximum number o f days allowed for jury duty was increased from 14 to 60. Jury pay was increased to not less than $10 or the fees received from the court, whichever was greater, but payments were not to exceed the difference between regular pay and the fee received. jury pay clauses, the employee received the differ ence sfc 17 18 T I. able P r o v is io n s P a id J u r y L e a v e for in M ajo r C o l l e c t iv e B a r g a in in g A greem ents, by I ndustry, 1961 N um ber with provisions for— N um ber with provisions Total number studied Jury and time qualifying for jury pay i Jury pay Industry Jury and witness pay 2 N o reference to jury pay Agree W orkers Agree W orkers Agree W orkers Agree W orkers Agree W orkers Agree W orkers (thou ments (thou (thou ments (thou (thou ments (thou ments ments ments sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) All industries............... .................................. M anufacturing....................... .................... ............. Ordnance and accessories_______________ Food and kindred products. . . . . Tobacco manufactures______ _______ ______ Textile mill products...................... ................. Apparel and other finished products_____ _ Lumber and wood products, except furni ture____ _____ ________ ___ Furniture and fixtures........ ............................. Paper and allied products......... ...................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries.. Chemicals and allied products......................... Petroleum refining and related industries__ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products. Leather and leather products___ Stone, clay, and glass products.. . Primary metal industries____ Fabricated metal p ro d u c ts __ _____ . Machinery, except electrical_______ _______ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies--------------------------------- ---------- ------Transportation equipment. Instruments and related products Miscellaneous industries. Nonmanufacturing.................................................... . . Services___ _ _ __________ C (instruction_ Miscellaneous industries._ _ 2,726.1 46 1,273.7 33.8 232.9 20.4 15.9 8 1 32.5 2.0 1 1.3 53 4 25 53 125.5 5.4 65.3 456.2 1.4 14.9 3.9 13 15 22 21 11 2 6 13 10 24 23 45 26.1 26.4 36.8 38.5 28.8 2.1 13.2 39.9 20.0 39.0 39.4 100.4 4,355.2 3,081.6 67.5 360.4 25.8 81.2 456.2 20 65 8 6 67.5 234.9 20.4 15.9 11 64 8 6 13 19 57 34 53 15 29 19 41 113 53 106 26.1 33.2 125.9 70.8 102.0 49.2 126.2 66.9 110.3 627.6 141.8 310.9 4 35 13 42 13 23 6 31 89 30 61 6.9 89.1 32.4 73.2 47.1 113.0 27.0 90.4 588.6 102.4 210.5 4 33 13 32 9 22 6 31 88 28 53 6.9 86.5 32.4 55.7 39.9 95.0 27.0 90.4 587.1 88.4 158.3 105 121 24 11 421.0 1,077.4 53.5 21.9 75 81 16 5 358.1 956.5 40.2 7.7 56 65 11 5 670 3,082.8 214 761.8 18 115 80 79 13 106 37 53 168 1 237.8 681.1 501.0 195.1 25.2 289.9 171.2 177.7 801.1 2.9 6 16 51 52 7 71 3 8 15.0 39.5 347.0 124.3 12.6 204.0 9.2 10.4 _ _ * 3,594.7 424 20 118 12 31 53 When an employee is called for jury duty by local or Federal Government, the company will pay him 50 per cent of the difference between his base pay for 40 hours and other payments he may receive for such duty. * 880 100.0 1,047 1 Includes 10 agreements which allow qualifying pay only when employees cannot report for examination on their own time. 2 Includes 1 agreement, covering 1,600 employees in the utilities industry, which provides pay for jury duty, time spent for qualifying, and serving as witness. * 391.8 710 545 __ _ 78 32 3,843.4 Wholesale trade _ Retail trade______________ 259.3 255.6 837 623 Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas production. Transportation 3...... ........................................ Communications......................... . ____ Utilities: Electric and gas______ . . . Hotels and restaurants 49 7,438.0 1,717 * * When an employee is absent from work because of jury service for a period not in excess of 10 working days, he shall be paid his regular rate of pay. . . . An employee absent because of jury service in excess of 10 scheduled working days shall be paid . . . his regular rate of pay for all absences from work because of such jury service in excess of 10 scheduled working days . . . with the under standing that he shall reimburse the company with the pay . . . received for such jury service . . . in excess of 10 working days. P ay for serving as a witness was usually paid 3,192.3 1 1.2 1 2 2 1 2.7 3.3 18.0 8 2 2 4 14.0 39.5 282.9 842.8 22.4 7.7 4 16 5 165 466.2 6 15 20 38 7 70 3 6 15.0 37.8 81.4 99.0 12.6 203.0 9.2 8.4 1 1.6 4 12.7 11.0 113.7 17.8 15 64.3 30 40 8 6 62.9 120.9 13.3 14.2 3 3.8 46 291.9 456 2,321.0 1 1.8 31 14 265.6 25.3 1 1.0 12 99 29 27 6 35 34 45 168 1 222.9 641.6 154.0 70.8 12.6 86.0 162.0 167.4 801.1 2.9 2.0 2 * Excludes railroad and airline industries. N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals. When an employee is called for jury service, or called to serve as a witness in a court action under subpena, he will give the company proper notice and the company will reimburse the employee for the difference between the employee’s regular pay and the amount that the employee receives for court service. It is the employee’s responsi bility to collect for his court service. * * * * * Pay for worktime lost by employees who must report for jury examination will only be paid when they cannot report for such examination on their own time, and in such case, will be paid for a maximum of 3 hours. Other Provisions in the same manner as jury service; pay for time spent in qualifying for limited to 2 or 3 hours. service was typically Sixty-one of the agreements specifically pro vided that time lost because of jury service would 19 142 agreements were required to report for work any time during the workday when they were not required to be in court; in 63, they were required to return only if they were able to work a desig nated number of hours. be treated as time worked in computing overtime pay, while 67 excluded it.4 For example: An employee who is required to be absent from work for jury service shall receive whatever straight-time pay he would have otherwise received up to and including 40 hours in any one week less the amount of jury pay which he received for the same period. When the above is applicable, each full day of jury service shall be credited as one 8-hour day in the computation of overtime, and each partial day of jury service shall be credited as a partial day toward overtime. * * * * Any hourly paid employee who loses time from his regu larly assigned work because of jury service will be paid for the time so lost at his straight-time rate . . . provided such employee, if he finishes his jury duty or is temporarily excused from same during the hours that he ordinarily works, will report back to system for work each day he is so dismissed or excused. * Hours for which jury pay is allowed but which are not worked shall not be counted for the purpose of deter mining overtime premium and payment. * able 2. M ethod C of o m p e n s a t io n J for ury * * * < Whether in the remaining agreements such absences were counted for overtime purposes would depend on the specific provisions governing a variety of overtime situations, e.g., daily or weekly work schedules or work outside such regular schedules. M any agreements consider all excused absences as time worked, while others grant premium pay for work on Saturday or Sunday as such. See Premium Pay for Night, Weekend, and Overtime Work in Major Union Contracts, BLS Bull. 1251 (1959). Some contracts made pay for jury leave con tingent upon the return of the employees to their jobs if their jury service was completed prior to the end of the working day. Workers covered b y T * L eave U nder M I n d u s t r y , 1961 ajo r C o l l e c t iv e B a r g a in in g A g reem en ts, by Employees receive— N um ber with pay provisions Regular pay plus fees Industryj Agree ment Workers (thou sands) Agree ment Workers (thou sands) Difference between regular pay and fees Agree ment Workers (thou sands) Fixed dollar amount Agree ment Other 1 Workers (thou sands) Agree ment Workers (thou sands) All industries..................................... ................... 837 3,843.4 118 554.3 632 2,444.6 43 763.7 44 80.9 Manufacturing.................................................................. 623 3,081.6 49 196.9 507~ 2,077.2 43 763.7 24 43.9 20 65 8 6 67.5 234.9 20.4 15.9 17 63 8 4 61.1 231.5 20.4 12.2 1 4.0 2 1 2.5 1.2 2 3.7 4 35 13 42 13 23 6 31 89 30 61 75 81 16 5 6.9 89.1 32.4 73.2 47.1 113.0 27.0 90.4 588.6 102.4 210.5 358.1 956.5 40.2 7.7 4 34 10 32 1 23 6 23 83 27 47 51 54 15 5 6.9 87.7 27.7 56.9 1.1 113.0 27.0 53.4 570.7 97.5 127.7 247.6 2 289.3 2 38.2 7.7 6 10.2 3 1 4 3 2 5.0 1.0 5.2 7.2 8.0 214 761.8 125 367.5 20 37.0 6 16 51 52 7 71 3 8 15.0 39.5 347.0 124.3 12.6 204.0 9.2 10.4 6 15 15 21 7 51 3 7 15.0 38.5 69.9 36.0 12.6 177. 5 9.2 8. 9 4 3 18. 3 4. 4 12 12.8 1 1. 5 Ordnance and accessories. .. Food and kindred products___________________ Tobacco manufactures________________________ Textile mill products . ......... Apparel and other finished products___________ Lumber and wood products, except furniture__ Furniture and fixtures_________________________ Paper and allied products_____________________ Printing, publishing, and allied industries.......... Chemicals and allied products_________________ Petroleum refining and related industries______ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products___ Leather and leather products__________________ Stone, clay, and glass products________________ Primary metal industries........................................ Fabricated metal products. .................................. Machinery, except electrical........................... ....... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies. Transportation equipm ent____________________ Instruments and related products_____________ Miscellaneous industries______________________ N onmanufact urin g_ ____ ________________ _____ Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas pro duction__________ __________________________ Transportation i*3________ _____________________ C omnium cations______________________ ____ Utilities: Electric and gas_____________________ Wholesale trade_______________________________ Retail t r a d e . _______ ________________________ Hotels a n d r e s t a u r a n t s . _ _ _ _. „ Services_____ _________________________________ Construction__________________________________ Miscellaneous industries......................................... i In most of these agreements, the amount of jury pay was unclear. Several provide for regular wages or jury pay, whichever amount is greater. A few base pay on length of jury service or limit it to a percentage of the employee’s earnings. 1 2.2 I 1 4 12 1.4 2.2 6.2 46.0 8 1 1 2 17 37.6 8.0 1.2 4.1 86.6 1 2.0 69 357.4 I 32 28 1.0 258.9 83.9 8 13.7 2 2 1 8 4 25 2.5 4.9 2.8 73.5 16.8 659. 3 2 Contains 1 agreement which provides for a maximum differential of $5 per day. s Excludes railroad and airline industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals. 20 When jury duty requires less than 4 hours during his scheduled shift, the employee must work as much as is practicable of the balance of the shift. This section [provision for paid jury leave] will not apply where an employee voluntarily seeks jury service. On the other hand, several contracts contained statements which specifically exempted employees from any company service while on jury duty. There were also instances where employees were jury pay eligibility to a specified number of days’ service per year and/or the number of jury calls an employee might answer annually or another designated period. excused from work on the sixth day after having completed 5 days of jury service. Regular journeymen employees and apprentices required to be absent from employment to serve on a jury shall be paid regular wages minus any pay received as juryman for a maximum of 5 days during the life of this [3-year] contract. Employees who give such notice [to report for jury serv ice] shall be paid for their scheduled hours of work at straight-time rates and not be required to report for work on any day on which jury service is performed. * * * * * Where an employee on jury duty has served 5 days during the week, he shall not be required to work on Saturday. Several contracts permitted a rearrangement of work schedules to allow workers to earn their regular wages in addition to jury pay. In others, night-shift personnel were reassigned to the day shifts to permit them to serve as jury men and receive jury pay. Regular employees paid on an hourly rate who serve time on jury duty that prevents them from working their work schedules on such days will be paid the difference between their jury pay and their company card rates for 8 hours less their earnings during hours in which they worked for the company on such days. Employees will not be required to work for the company on days on which they are required to report for jury duty, but the company will, when it has the work, endeavor to arrange work schedules that will permit these employees, if they so desire, to earn their regular daily wages in addi tion to their jury pay on such days. * * * * Employees were usually required to give prior notice and submit evidence of court attendance to In a number of instances they were not eligible for such pay if they volun tarily sought jury duty. * * * * * * The company agrees that once each year any worker covered by this contract who is called for jury service will receive his regular base rate of pay for each regularly scheduled workday spent on jury duty. The company will pay an employee his regular base rate (exclusive of incentives) for time lost from work . . . on account of jury duty. . . . This will apply to any worker only once during any calendar year unless the person serves on two different types of juries, such as State and Federal. * * * * * The employer will pay the difference between the employee’s pay and that received for jury service, provided, however, that a member serves only once in 2 years on jury service. In contrast, a few agreements explicitly banned any time restrictions on jury leave with pay. Others provided for an extension of the initial allowance for reasons beyond the employee’s control. Employees will be excused from work for whatever period is necessary for jury duty. * * * * * The company agrees to pay an employee called for jury duty on a regular working day . . . and for a period not in excess of 2 weeks. . . . This 2 weeks’ time may be extended when the employee is held on jury duty for reasons beyond his control. There were several instances in which the em When called for jury service, the employee should promptly notify his foreman. The summons notice is to be shown to the clerk, who will furnish a jury service time record card. This card must have the time excused from court each day written in ink and approved by the clerk of the court from which excused. When jury service is over, the card must be returned to the clerk immediately.* * * * The work schedules of [night] shift workers will be revised when necessary so that they will not be assigned to nightwork on normal jury duty days. qualify for jury pay. M ore than 20 percent of the agreements limited * * ployer reserved the right to have workers excused from jury service when work requirements made this necessary. The company m ay endeavor to have an employee summoned for jury service excused from jury duty, and the employee shall cooperate by requesting such excuse if the employee is needed by the company for the time summoned. Paid Leave on Death in Family in Major Union Contracts, 1961 C o l l e c t iv e b a r g a in in g p r o v is io n s death granting leave with pay to employees who lose time be cause of death in the family increased substantially during the period 1 9 5 3-61. One out of three major agreements covering a fourth of all workers under these agreements, provided some allowance climbed from 18 to found in petroleum agreements with leave provisions in virtually all industries allowed a maximum of 3 days, which usually extended over the employee’s regular work schedule: 26 percent.1 The duration of death leave remained virtually unchanged, and the 3-day maximum was still the predominant allowance. A small number of agreements extended this maximum to 5 days, When a death occurs in an employee’s immediate family, the company will grant funeral leave up to a maximum of 3 regularly scheduled consecutive workdays . . . . usually if travel was necessary to attend the funeral. In some cases, the allowance depended upon such factors as the employee’s relationship to the deceased, attendance at the funeral, and fulfilling of other requirements. A bout one-tenth of the agreements limited pay to a specified number of “ calendar” days which fell within the scheduled workweek: In case of a death in the immediate family . . . requiring such employee’s absence from his regularly scheduled assignments, the employee shall be granted a leave of absence up to 3 consecutive calendar days. When an employee’s normal time off falls within the 3-day period, he shall be reimbursed for that portion of the time normally scheduled for work . . . . This study was based on 1,717 current collective bargaining agreements, each covering 1,000 or more workers, or virtually all agreements of this size in the United States, exclusive of railroads and airlines.1 2 was Death leave payments were usually expressed in terms of maximum “ scheduled” days, and less frequently in “ calendar” days. A m ajority of the the proportion of agreements with such allowances rose from 10 percent to 38 percent; in nonmanu prevalence clauses Duration for death leave in 1961, as against one out of eight contracts, covering a similar proportion of workers in 1953. In manufacturing industries, facturing, leave refining, followed b y paper, chemicals, and rubber, the clauses appearing in at least 4 out of 5 con tracts in each industry. Such provisions were less common in nonmanufacturing industries, where the highest prevalence— 3 out of 5 con tracts— was found in the communications industry. The 7.4 million workers covered A few agreements granted additional days off if considerable travel to attend a funeral was necessary: b y these major agreements were slightly less than half of all the workers estimated to be covered b y collective bargaining in the United States, exclusive of the two industries. Of the agree ments studied, 1,047 covered 4.4 million workers in manufacturing, and 670 covered 3 million workers in nonmanufacturing industries. Vir tually all of the agreements were in effect in . . . the company will grant a leave of absence with pay from the day of death until and including the day of the funeral not to exceed 3 days, provided, however, the company may grant up to 5 days with pay from day of death in unusual cases in which it is necessary for the employee to travel a substantial distance for the funeral. 1961. Prevalence One-third (572) of the agreements analyzed, covering about one-fourth of the workers under study, provided for paid absences due to death 1 See “ Union Contract Provisions for Paid Leave on Death in F am ily,” Monthly Labor Review, March 1955, pp. 322-325. 2 The Bureau does not maintain a file of railroad and airline agreements. in the employee’s family (table 1). Am ong manu facturing industries, the highest concentration of 21 22 T able 1. P revalence of P rovisions and M aximum D ays A llowed for P aid Maximum days allowed Number studied Number with provision Percent with provision Industry Less than 3 days 1 Scheduled days 3 days 1 Calendar days Scheduled days Agree Workers Agree Workers Agree- ’Workers Agree Workers Agree Workers Agree ments (thou ments (thou ments Workers ments (thou ments (thou ments (thou sands) sands) sands) sands) sands) All industries_____________ ____ _______ ______ 1,717 7,438.0 572 1,836.1 33.3 24.7 30 111.8 44 145.1 391 1,125. 5 1,047 4,355.2 398 1,158.5 38.0 26.6 19 52.8 42 138.6 308 856.3 22.1 4 30 5.5 77.7 2 3.6 1 42 12 34 10 10 1 21 16 12 29 54 11 14 5 2.0 77.8 31.3 68.4 27.4 34.9 2.0 57.6 27.0 20.6 58.7 285.5 34.6 33.6 7.6 M anufacturing............. ..................... ........... ................... . Food and kindred p ro d u c ts ____________________ Tnhaccn manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and nthpr finished prndnet.a Lumber and wood products, except furniture___ Furniture and fixtures Paper and allied products Printing publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products_________ ________ Pp.trnlenm refining and related industries Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products Stone, clay, and glass products___________ ______ Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical _ _ _ ___ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies... Transportation equipment . ________ _________ Instruments and related products_______________ Miscellaneous industries Nonmanufacturing..................... .......... ............................ 20 67.5 360.4 118 12 25. 8 31 81. 2 456.2 53 13 26.1 33.2 19 125.9 57 34 70. 8 53 102.0 49.2 15 29 126.2 19 66. 9 41 110.3 113 627.6 53 141.8 106 310.9 421.0 105 121 1,077. 4 24 53.5 11 21.9 8 45 16.8 114.0 40.0 38.1 24.9 31.6 3 5.1 9. 7 6.3 1 49 12 45 15 23 3 30 17 14 32 62 17 17 5 2.0 92.0 31.3 86.8 49.2 113.0 11.5 88.0 28.7 28.3 61.7 319.1 64.3 39.5 7.6 5.3 86.0 35.3 84.9 100.0 79.3 15.8 73.2 15.0 26.4 30.2 59.0 14.0 70.8 45.5 6.0 73.1 44.2 85.1 100.0 89.5 17.2 79.7 4.6 19.9 19.8 75.8 6.0 73.8 34.8 670 3,082.8 174 677.6 26.0 13 49 45 4 55 62. 4 341.3 110.9 9.0 141. 7 6 1 1 8.6 1.0 2. 9 14.3 5 10 7 3.0 2 14.2 4 6.2 13 78.1 2 3.4 2 1 1 1 9.5 1.1 1.0 1.7 4 2 1 10.8 9.7 1.8 1 2 1 2 1.0 5.5 4.0 4.1 22.0 11 59.0 2 6.5 83 269.2 11.3 61.3 57.0 30.8 51.9 9.2 68.1 56.8 35.7 48.9 4 3 1 41.8 7.9 2.7 2 3.8 6.5 4 14 20 4 35 11.8 87.2 43.2 9.0 109.5 11.3 .6 100.0 4.8 .1 100.0 5 1 7.6 1.0 1 2.9 Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas pro duction Transportation 3_ _ _____ Communications Utilities: Electric and gas Wholesale trade _ _ ________________ Retail trade________ _______ ____________________ Hotels and restanrants Services Construction "N/fiseel lan arms industries 18 115 80 79 13 106 37 53 168 1 237. 8 681.1 501.0 195.1 25.2 289.9 171. 2 177.7 801.1 2.9 1 Includes 17 agreements with a 1-day allowance and 13 with 2 days. Four agreements stipulated that the 6-day annual sick leave accumulation could also be used for death leave: * Includes 36 agreements with a 5-day allowance, 4 with 6 days, and 1 with 14 days. An employee may be permitted to be absent without deduction in pay for a period that is reasonable and war ranted on account of death in the employee's immediate family. * In the event of an employee's because of . . . sickness or death immediate family, an employee shall sick and accident leave with pay service . . . . absence from work of a member of his be entitled to 6 days' during each year of Provisions in 45 agreements, predominantly in the communications industry, had no specific time allowance. 2 * * * * The company’s policy is to continue normal salary payments during brief periods of absences due to . . . death in the family. Three agreements in the stone, clay, and glass industry provided for a fixed dollar allowance without indicating the leave duration: M o st of these clauses merely stated that a “ reasonable” amount of time would be allowed or that the existing company policy would apply: A regular employee . . . who has a death in his im mediate family . . . shall be given a payment of $60 by the company, provided the employee attends the funeral. 23 D eath L eave in M ajor C o l l e c t iv e B a r g a in in g A greem ents, by I ndustry, 1961 Maximum days allowed-—Continued 4 days Over 4 days 2 Num ber of days not soecified Calendar days Agree ments 3 Workers (thou sands) 5.0 Industry Scheduled days Calendar days Agree W orkers ments (thou sands) Agree W orkers ments (thou sands) 18 71.2 5 20.7 2 3 8 30.2 4.9 15.8 Scheduled days Agree ments Agree W orkers ments (thou sands) 33 99.0 45 248.5 11 33.5 13 56.8 3 10.3 1 1.0 1 1.5 2 6.0 5 24.6 1 2 1 6.0 2.0 15.7 3 1 3 W orkers (thou sands) 4.3 1.3 1 3 1.7 16.0 5.0 13 50.6 8 30.2 22 65.5 32 191.8 2 3.0 3 2 7 6.0 3.2 36.7 5 3 24.5 5.7 2 4 5 2.9 44.3 6.3 21 7 174.3 13.4 1 2.0 1 4.7 11 12.1 3 3.1 1 1.0 3 Excludes railroad and airline industries. Ordnance and accessories. Food and kindred products. Tobacco manufactures. Textile mill products. Apparel and other finished products. Lumber and wood products, except furniture. Furniture and fixtures. Paper and allied products. Printing, publishing, and allied industries. Chemicals and allied products. Petroleum refining and related industries. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products. Leather and leather products. Stone, clay, and glass products. Primary metal industries. Fabricated metal products. Machinery, except electrical. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies. Transportation equipment. Instruments and related products. Miscellaneous industries. N onmanufacturing. Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas production. Transportation.3 Communications. Utilities: Electric and gas. Wholesale trade. Retail trade. Hotels and restaurants. Services. Construction. Miscellaneous Industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals; In 79 agreements, the length of death leave depended upon the employee’s relationship to the deceased (table 2). All Industries. Manufacturing. children), the employee shall be given 1 workday off with pay to attend the funeral. Thus, while the maximum allowance was always granted to attend the funeral of immediate family members, as defined in the agreement, a shorter period was designated in the case of more distant relatives. Agreements, however, differed considerably in their definition of family members, as the following clauses illustrate: For example: Immediate family means: mother, father, sisters, children, and employee's legal wife. In the event of a death in the immediate family (father, mother, wife, husband, brother, sister, son, or daughter), the employee shall be given 3 workdays off with pay to attend the funeral . . . . In the event of a death of other than immediate family (in-laws, foster- or step-parent, and/or children or grand * * * * brothers, * Immediate family is defined as mother, father, brother, sister, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, or spouse of the employee; mother, father, sister, or brother of the em ployee's spouse; children of the employee; grandparents and grandchildren of the employee. 24 T able 2. L ength of D eath L eave A c c o r d in g t o A R e l a t io n s h ip to greem ents, by I ndustr y, Number with provisions D e c e a se d , in M ajo r C o l l e c t iv e B a r g a in in g 1961 Uniform death leave for all family members Leave differs for im mediate and distant family members Other 1 Industry Agree ments All industries____________ ____________ Manufacturing___________________ Workers (thousands) 572 _______ ___________________ Ordnance and accessories_____ __ _ _____ ___ ___ Food and kindred products _ ____________ Tobacco manufactures __ _ _ __ Textile mill products _ __ ___ Apparel and other finished products _ _ _ ____ Lumber and wood products, except furniture.- ___ Furniture and fixtures___________ _________ ___ Paper and allied products _ _ Printing, publishing, and allied industries _ _ _ Chemicals and allied products._ _ __ ______ Petroleum refining and related industries. __ _ _ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products_________ ___ _____ Stone, clay, and glass products___________________ _ Primary metal in d u stries_________________ ______ Fabricated metal products _ __ _ _ __ _ Machinery, except electrical________________________ Electrical machinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s ____ Transportation eq u ip m en t____________________ _ __ Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing industries _ _ N onmanufacturing____ _____________ __________________ Mining, crude petroleum and natural gas produc tion ___________________________ ____ _____ __ Transportation2 _ _____ __ ___ __ Communications _ __ ___________ Utilities: Electric and gas__________________________ Wholesale trade _ _____________________ ________ Retail trade____ ___________ _______ ________ _____ Hotels and restaurants _ __ ___________ ____ ____ Services ____________ ________ _____ ______ _ __ Construction ____ ___ ____________ _ __________ __ Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing industries _____ 1, 836.1 Workers (thousands) Agree ments 1, 593.0 79 239.8 3 3.3 46 115.3 1 1.0 8 17.6 1 1.0 398 1,158. 5 351 8 16.8 114.0 8 37 16.8 96.5 3 5.1 3 5.1 1 49 12 45 15 23 3 30 17 14 32 62 17 17 5 2.0 92.0 31.3 86.8 49.2 113.0 11.5 88.0 28. 7 28.3 61.7 319.1 64.3 39. 5 7.6 1 45 12 35 15 22 3 26 17 12 26 56 15 13 5 2.0 86.2 31.3 64.0 49.2 112. 0 11.5 82.4 28.7 24.7 50.3 292.3 60.4 21.4 7.6 174 677.6 139 13 49 45 4 55 62.4 341.3 110.9 9.0 141.7 6 1 1 8.6 1.0 2.9 Eligibility Workers (thousands) Agree ments 490 1,042.2 1 Includes 2 agreements that specified “ reasonable periods” of absence and 1 agreement which allowed 3 days' leave for death in the immediate family only and made leave relating to other family members subject to company discretion. Workers (thousands) Agree ments 4 5.8 10 22.8 1 1.0 4 5.6 2 5 6 2 4 3.6 10.4 26.8 3.9 18.1 550.9 33 124.5 2 2.3 12 40 26 3 50 55.9 273. 7 75.2 8.0 125.7 1 9 18 1 4 6.5 67.6 34.4 1.0 15.0 1 1.3 1 1.0 6 1 1 8.6 1.0 2.9 2 Excludes railroad and airline industries. N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals funeral of the deceased relative or (b) the employee fails upon request to furnish the company with reasonable proof of death and evidence of the employee’s attendance at the funeral. Slightly more than a third of the 572 agree ments with death leave allowances designated specific periods of company service as a pre requisite (table 3). In virtually all of these, In 19 agreements, the employee, among other requirements, had to submit satisfactory proof workers were eligible by of relationship to the deceased: the end of the first year of service. Some contracts granted death leave to “ regular” employees only and others to employees “ who had completed their probationary period.” About a fourth of the agreements imposed certain other qualifications before the employee was eligible to receive pay for death leave. W ritten Entitlement for funeral leave shall be established by a statement from (a) the attending physican, (b) the funeral director, (c) an obituary notice showing the relationship to the deceased, or (d) any other written proof presented in good faith by the employee, which may be satisfactory to the company. evidence was frequently required to substantiate Where funeral attendance was required to obtain the maximum allowance, a shorter leave the validity of the leave. This could take the form of a published notice of death, or a statement attesting to the employee’s attendance at the vances: funeral: No pay shall be granted under the provision of this paragraph where (a) the employee does not attend the period was sometimes granted for other obser . . . time off for regularly scheduled hours will be granted with pay up to a maximum of 32 hours . . . . One day with pay will be granted for religious or similar observances held in lieu of a funeral. 25 T able 3. E ligibility R equirements for D eath L eave Payments in M ajor C ollective B argaining A greements, 1961 Total with provisions Eligibility requirements Agreements Plans with paid death leave provisions___________ Workers (thousands) 572 1,836.1 124 64 6 15 363 385.5 286.9 15.3 50.5 1,098.0 51 43 213.4 102.4 8 18.6 6 5 37 422 13.2 18.1 73.4 1,397.1 L e n g th of C o m p a n y S e r v ic e Less than 1 year....... ................ _ . . ______ . . . 1 year________ _____ _ _ _____ ____ _____ _________ More than 1 year____________________ ____ ______ Service requirements undefined L ._______________ N o reference to service requirem ents,______ _____ A d d itio n a l E e q iu r e m e n t s Employee must— Submit proof or notification of death_________ Attend funeral_______ ___________________ ___ Submit proof of relationship and proof or notification of death________________________ Submit proof of relationship, proof or notifica tion of death, and attend funeral_____ _____ Submit proof of relationship and attend funeral. Submit proof of death and attend fu n e r a l___ N o additional requirements for paid death leave.. 1 Includes 4 agreements covering “ regular” employees and 11 requiring “ completion of probationary period.” Length of service necessary to attain such status was not given in these agreements. N o t e : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals. Difference in observances because of religious practices was also recognized in a few contracts: The employee shall be allowed up to 3 days’ pay . . . up to and including the day of the funeral . . . provided, however, that when the employee involved is of the Jewish faith, the employee will be allowed pay for the day of the funeral plus pay for 2 additional days immediately follow ing the day of the funeral if these days are regularly scheduled working days. As explicitly set forth in a small number of agreements, death leave, when taken during an employee's vacation period or over a holiday, was not paid, although there were a few exceptions: In the event any or all of the 3 workdays . . . should fall on a holiday or during an employee’s scheduled vaca tion, he shall take off extra days up to 3 to compensate for any such days. Relation to Overtime Only about 1 out of 6 agreements with death leave provisions made reference to the treatment of such leave in computing hours worked for over time purposes. In m ost cases, the purpose of this reference was specifically to exclude such leave from the computation of hours worked. The following clauses illustrate the practice: . . . funeral absences which are compensated for . . . shall be credited as hours worked in computing overtime and in determining days worked. . . . * * * * * The company will protect an eligible employee from loss of pay during absence due to a death in his immediate family . . . (a) The time to be paid for may be any 3 con secutive working days . . . (c) The hours thus paid for shall not be considered as hours worked in computing overtime payable for hours worked in excess of 40 in any workweek, or for determining the sixth or seventh day worked in any workweek . . . . However, analysis of the agreements does not reveal any particular pattern of handling death leave for overtime purposes. M a n y agreements accept all excused absences as time worked; others require the payment of premium rates for all work performed on Saturday or Sunday, regardless of the number of hours worked during the week.3 3 See “ Premium Pay for Weekend W ork in Major Contracts,” Monthly Labor Review, April 1959, pp. 379-388, or Premium Pay for Night, Weekend, and Overtime Work in Major Union Contracts, BLS Bull. 1251 (1959), pp. 7-16. 27 L en gth o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a rg a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s try , 1961 ( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) 1 w e e k 's v a ca tio n after— V2 w e e k ' s v a c a t i o n a f t e r — L e s s than 6 months Industry Agreem ents A ll in dustries ------------------------------------------ O r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------F o o d an d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ----------- T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ------------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s -------------------------A p p a r e l an d o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r an d w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e an d f i x t u r e s ------------------------P a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , an d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------C h e m i c a l s and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a nd r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r an d m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s -------------------------------L e a t h e r and l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ----------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equ ip m en t, N on m an u factu rin g -------------------- M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , an d n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 ------------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s -----------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c an d g a s ---------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e --------------------------------------------H o t e l s and r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n on m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------------------— See fo o tn o te s at end o f table, W orker s Agreem ents W orker s L e s s th an 6 m onths Agree m ents O v e r 1 but l e s s than 2 y e a r s 6 m o n t h s but l e s s than 1 y e a r W ork er s A gree m ents W ork ers Agree m ents Agree m ents W ork ers W ork ers A gree m ents W ork ers 86 213 . 3 178 6 20 . 1 58 2 00. 1 186 732. 3 1, 0 06 4, 105. 5 15 64. 6 10 17. 6 54 135. 3 147 5 07 . 1 36 122. 0 94 2 48. 6 72 2 3, 0 06 . 7 10 55. 7 9 15. 1 3 1 1 3 10. 9 1.0 2. 3 6. 9 7 2 3 11. 7 2. 3 6. 4 1 1 4 1. 9 1. 2 17. 3 2 7 6 6 9. 0 16.6 15. 4 9. 7 8 94 3 17 1 3. 0 8 137. 2 7 32. 3 8 16. 3 1 1 1 3. 0 2. 0 2. 0 4 9 4 .9 16. 3 1 - 3. 0 - 4 2 8. 2 3. 1 13 12 58 129.0 1 1. 2 6 3 17. 2 4. 2 8 20. 4 5 1 16. 4 1 .0 5 4 7. 6 7. 5 4 27 4. 5 58. 1 1 1 1. 1 1 - . _ _ 1. 5 1 1. 5 - 1.0 3. 0 - 2 1 1 2. 8 1. 8 1. 0 10 9 43 . 3 24. 0 79 79 279 . 7 8 48 . 3 5 1 47. 7 1. 2 4 8. 1 12. 6 7 13. 0 10 21. 6 1 1. 2 7. 3 3 5. 2 6 8. 9 284 1 .0 9 8. 9 5 8. 9 1 2. 5 14 65 19 35 11 78 30 24 8 29. 5 404. 8 113 . 9 74 . 5 18. 1 2 08. 6 151.8 75. 3 22. 6 1 3 1 - 3. 0 3. 7 2. 2 - 1 - 2. 5 3. 0 6. 5 3. 2 7. 4 2 2 5 4 8 8 10. 8 25. 8 40 16 1 43 . 4 56. 6 2 7 2. 9 38. 4 4 19.0 2 2. 9 2 1 1 .4 2 3. 3. 13. 7. 25. 32 78. 0 31 11 3. 0 22 78 . 1 92 4 83.7 5 3 14 1 4 1 3 1 6. 7 4. 1 29. 9 1 3 5 1 6 8 6 1 1 .5 26. 0 7. 9 4. 0 13. 7 21. 3 30. 7 7. 9 5 5 8 2 2 - 27. 0 6. 9 38. 1 3. 2 3. 0 - 5 49 16 13 2 6 1 11. 3 3 56. 8 33. 4 4 0. 6 6. 5 33. 7 1. 5 4 0 6 5 _ 1 - 1 3 1 5 1.0 22. 2 20. 0 _ 111.2 54. 9 97. 1 6 16. 7 115. 7 243 . 7 13. 8 5. 8 21. 3 14. 3 48. 9 12. 2. 19. 2. 6 4 4 9 24 13 33 106 44 83 3 4 10 8 22 1 3 4 5 26. 289 . 3. 38. 5 2 1 8 3 3. 8 3. 9 12. 4 7. 3 - g T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------- 6 m o n t h s but l e s s than 1 y e a r " - L e n g th o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d f o r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s tr y , 1961---- C ontinued ( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) 1 V2 w e e k s 1 v a c a t i o n a f t e r — 6 m o n t h s but l e s s than 1 y e a r Industry A ll in d u stries Agreem ents W orkers 3 years 2 years A greem ents W orkers Agreem ents Otlle r W orkers Agreem ents W orkers 1, 7 6 3 . 2 14 26. 2 1, 7 3 6 . 3 12 21. 5 W orkers Agreem ents W orkers 41 125. 4 20 66. 1 39 141.8 46 135. 6 250 22 71. 6 13 50. 5 25 89. 7 36 9 6. 8 238 2 - 9. 9 - 2 - 11. 5 - 1 1 12 4. 0 1. 1 25. 7 O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------F o o d a nd k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ---------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s -------------------------A p p a r e l a nd o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r a nd w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a nd f i x t u r e s ------------------------P a p e r a nd a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------C h e m i c a l s a nd a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a nd r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r a nd m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ------------------------------L e a t h e r a nd l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , a nd g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equ ip m en t, a n d s u p p l i e s ----------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s a nd r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------------------------------------------- M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 ------------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ----------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c and g a s -------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------H o t e l s a nd r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n on m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------- S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . 1 year A greem ents ----------------------------------------- N o n m a n u factu rin g O v e r 1 but l e s s than 2 y e a r s _ _ _ 1 - 2. 0 - 3 1 1 _ 3. 2 1. 3 10. 0 1. 7 - 1 4 2. 0 8. 2 6. 1 - 1 6. 3 1 2 2. 0 7. 2 3 3 2 2 13. 3. 3. 3. 15 68. 6 2. 1 - 3. 0 - 5 2 16. 2 2. 5 2 2. 6 1 2 1 1. 0 9. 5 1. 7 2 4 4. 6 13.9 1 5 1 1.4 13. 3 4 19.0 1 2. 1 14 52. 2 10 1 3 2 1 5 2 - 1. 7 26. 0 3. 3 2. 7 15. 5 3. 0 - 1 2 1 2 4 - 19 53.9 7 15. 7 4 1 10 1 _ 3 - 5. 4 1. 2 24. 9 1. 8 20. 6 - 1 4 1 1 1. 5 10. 5 2. 7 1. 0 - - _ _ 1 1 .0 1 2 - 1. 2 2. 5 - 1 2 2. 0 6. 3 - - 1 1. 5 0 9 0 3 1 3 77 16 44 3. 4. 5 69 . 32. 170 . 6 8 2 9 8 1 1 2. 0 1 .4 9 4 29. 1 11. 6 34 40 193. 5 719. 5 4 1 6. 0 1. 2 2 2. 2 4 5. 6 1 1. 0 1 1. 1 38. 8 12 26. 9 2 4. 7 1. 7 3. 1 2. 8 3. 4 27. 8 - 6 4 2 14. 8 8. 2 4. 0 1 1 - 2. 2 2. 5 - L e n g th o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d f o r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s tr y , 1961----C on tinued ( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) 2 w e e k s 1 v a catio n after— Industry A greem ents W orkers Agreem ents a years Z years 1 year l e s s than 1 y e a r W orkers A greem ents Wo rker s Agreem ents Utner o years W orkers A greem ents W orkers A greem ents W orke r s ------------------------- ---------------- 38 130. 6 215 877. 4 303 1, 0 6 5 . 0 330 1, 102. 8 4 26 2, 2 44. 7 74 217. 5 M a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------- 27 89. 0 99 4 74 . 5 117 3 25. 4 23 6 6 67. 9 399 2, 148. 1 50 128. 5 1 2 1 - 1.9 3. 9 1 .0 - 6 13 6 - 30. 5 37. 4 17. 7 - 2 43 1 4. 5 107. 8 1. 1 4 46 2 2 16.9 1 5 1 23 1 2 1 - 1. 0 4. 5 1 .4 - 8 153. 1 1 3. 0 2 3. 2 5 13. 1 - 3. 0 - 2 - 3. 1 - 2 6. 4 8 11 40 15. 0 20. 5 94 . 8 4 4 16 5. 8 5. 6 26. 1 1 1. 5 3. 6 5 2 16. 2 3. 9 4 10 6. 2 19. 7 1 11 1. 0 2 1.4 3 10 3. 5 15. 0 3 11.2 2 5 2. 8 1 3. 4 13 44 . 2 1 1. 1 2 _ 3. 0 4 5 11. 7 10. 0 1 6 2 4 10 1. 3 13. 6 2. 9 13. 5 2 1.8 22 1 5 8 13 12 106. 4 1 .0 6. 8 14. 9 54. 4 30. 8 1 14 23 99 28 63 3. 57. 80. 6 01 . 57. 203 . 6 9 3 2 6 9 1 2 1 4 8 2. 5 3. 0 1. 2 7. 0 26. 3 3 7 5. 6 35. 5 6 19 37. 2 9 7. 6 22 8 88. 0 34. 2 23 15 68. 6 53. 6 42 56 187. 5 762. 2 9 7 38. 2 15. 5 3 15. 1 2 5. 1 2 2. 9 5 13. 8 5 7. 3 4 5. 8 1 1. 3 1 2. 1 4 12. 2 5 5. 7 739. 6 94 434. 9 27 96. 6 24 89. 1 1. 45. 3 08. 60. 15. 138. 148. 19. 1. 3 34 5 2 29 3 17 1 4. 9 2 84. 8 8. 8 2. 6 67. 8 5. 6 59. 3 1. 2 10 10 2 5 23. 3 51. 5 3. 5 18. 4 4 2 9 4 2 1 2 21. 8 10. 7 33. 6 7. 5 3. 5 9. 0 3. 0 A ll in dustries O r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------F o o d an d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ---------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s -----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s -------------------------A p p a r e l a nd o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e and f i x t u r e s ----------------------P a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------C h e m i c a l s and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g an d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r and m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ------------------------------L e a t h e r an d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , an d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------- 1 E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equ ip m en t, and s u p p l i e s -----------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------N o n m a n u factu rin g -------------------- M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 ------------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ___________________ ... U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c an d g a s ---------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ---------------------------------------------H o t e l s and r e s t a u r a n t s -----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------- S ee f o o tn o te s at end o f table, 1 11 41.7 116 403. 0 186 _ 6 _ 3 - 28. 5 9. 6 _ 3. 6 - 2 10 30 30 1 22 1 20 - 2. 3 35. 2 189. 6 63. 9 2. 0 57. 7 3. 0 49. 4 - 1 21 44 26 9 49 27 8 1 _ 2 - 123. 5 2. 3 11. 1 2 7 9 5 5 9 4 2 5 4. 60. 1. 52. 0 8 1 6 1.0 L e n g th o f s e r v ic e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 by in d u s tr y , 1961---- C ontinued ( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) ____________________________ 2 V 2 w e e k s ' v a c a t i o n a f t e r ---- A ll in d u stries ---------------------------------------- M anufacturing ---------------------------- O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ---------------F o o d a nd k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ---------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ----------------------A p p a r e l a nd o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------L u m b e r an d w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ---------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a nd f i x t u r e s ------------------------P a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ----------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------C h e m i c a l s an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s -------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g an d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------R u b b e r a nd m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s -------------------------------L e a t h e r an d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ----------S t o n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ---------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , equipm ent, an d s u p p l i e s ----------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------N on m anufactu rin g -------------------- M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n — -------------T ransportation2 ---------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ----------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a nd g a s ---------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------------------------------------R etail tra de ----------------------------------------H o t e l s a nd r e s t a u r a n t s ----------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n —----------------------------------- _ M is c e lla n e o u s n on m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------- S ee f o o tn o te s O v e r 1 but l e s s t ha n 5 y e a r s 1 year Industry at end o f ta b le . O v e r 5 but l e s s than 10 y e a r s 5 years A gree m ents W ork ers O v e r 10 bu t l e s s than 1 5 y e a r s 10 y e a r s A gree m ents W ork ers A gree m ents W ork ers Ag re e m ents W ork ers 6 13. 7 16 55. 3 25 69. 5 40 114 . 9 218 1, 6 3 1 . 9 40 4 9. 0 7 13. 8 24 68. 4 36 99. 4 209 1, 5 9 1 . 2 - 2 3 1 2. 2 9. 4 1. 1 3. 0 - 1 1 - 4. 0 1. 5 - - - - - 1 - A gree m ents W ork ers Agree m ents W ork ers 15 y e a r s Other Ag reem ents W ork ers Agree m ents W ork ers 2 21. 6 7 11. 6 7 20. 7 32 2 02 . 0 7 11. 6 7 20. 7 1 - 3. 1 - 4 1 6. 0 1 .4 - - - 1 1. 2 2 1 2. 3 1. 2 1 - 2. 0 - 2 - 2. 6 - 1 - 1. 5 - - - 1 1. 8 - - - 3 1 1.2 3 9. 6 - - - - - - 4 - 14. 8 - 1 1 .0 - - - - 3 6 1 1 3. 14. 1. 4. 7 0 2 5 1 4 2 4 1. 5 11. 7 3. 6 6. 0 2 1 2 79 23 38 5. 1. 3. 5 73 . 76 . 177. 0 3 6 7 1 7 1 1 9 1. 2 1 .4 18. 6 - - 1 - 2. 0 - 4 9. 0 - - 1 5 1 1.4 17. 7 15 3 4 8. 8 4. 6 15 42 24. 5 717. 8 13 3 166.4 5 .9 2 4. 2 1 - 2. 1 - 1 7. 7 2 2. 3 2 3. 0 _ _ _ _ - - - - - 1 1. 3 1 1.0 1 1 .4 2 4. 8 9 41 . 5 1 1. 1 4 15. 5 9 4 0. 7 8 19. 6 2 - 4. 8 - 3. 1 1. 5 - - - - - 2 1 2 1 3 - 1 - 1. 1 - 1 1 1 1 - 1.0 1. 2 1. 3 12. 0 - 5 2 2 - 16. 9 3. 2 20. 6 - 1 7 - 1. 5 18. 2 - - 11. 2 1. 5 24. 2 - - - - - - L e n gth o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g ra d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s , b y in d u s t r y ,1 196 1— C on tinued ( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) 3 w eeks' L e s s than 5 years Industry 5 years A g re e W ork A g re e m ents ers m ents O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s -------------F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s -------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------------------A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d products ---------------------------------------------L u m b e r a nd w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x ce p t fu rn itu re ------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ---------------------P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ---------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a nd a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ____________________ C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------P e t r o le u m refin in g and re la te d i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------------------R u b b e r and m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ----------------------------L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------S t o n e , c l a y , a nd g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ---------------Fabricated m etal products ------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l -------E lectrica l m ach in ery, e q u i p m e n t , a n d s u p p l i e s ---------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ---------------In stru m e n ts and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ----------------------------- ------- ------N on m an u factu rin g __________ __ M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , a nd n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 -----------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ---------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a n d g a s ------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------- ---------— H o t e l s a n d r e s t a u r a n t s ---------------------S e r v i c e s --------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ___________________________ M is c e lla n e o u s n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ------------- -------- ------- ------------ See footnotes at end of table. O v e r 5 but l e s s th a n 10 y e a r s W ork ers Agree m ents W ork ers W ork ers 20 y«j a r s 15 y e a r s 12 y e a r s 10 y e a r s Agree m ents vacation after— Ag re e - W o rk Ag re e m ents m ents ers Otih er 25 y e a r s Agree - W ork A g r e e m ents ers m ents W ork ers W ork ers Ag r e e m ents W ork ers 18 50. 6 75 2 34. 1 24 51.5 456 1 ,3 2 3 . 5 113 3 31. 0 511 2, 6 7 1 . 9 9 14. 8 4 10. 4 57 354 . 7 10 30. 4 29 74 . 1 12 22. 4 295 8 17 . 2 73 2 42. 9 394 2, 0 49. 7 8 12. 6 4 10. 4 30 87. 2 1 8 - 1. 0 16. 6 - 4 56 6 1 9 7 35. 3 20. 1 1. 0 1 1 1 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 3 7. 9 “ 1 10 2 1 ~ 1 1. 1 „ 3 - 11. 9 - 20 - 6 1.3 - lb. 175. 16. 1. 1 9 1 0 4. 4 " 1. 0 “ ~ " 1 " ” ~ " “ ” ~ “ " “ 5 “ 17. 7 “ 1 1. 5 “ 1 6. 3 43. 1 - " " " ~ - 90 . 40. 10. 16. 4 1. 6 2 2. 5 10 14.6 10. 9 13. 0 17. 6 1 “ _ - “ 3 6 10 1 10 19 103 29 69 - 4 0 7 0 3. 0 1. 2 1. 0 “ " ~ “ 2 1 1 ~ " 5 24 2 5 5. 1 4 4. 3 3 - 6 9 53 8. 9 15. 0 119 . 8 6 - 17. 4 - 8 - 11. 2 - - - 1 33 1. 0 57. 3 - - - - 1 2. 2 13 - - - - 1 1. 4 11 14 8 7 19 - - - - - 1 1. 1 " - - " " 20. 2 46 160. 0 12 4 1 1 1 1 14. 0 1. 2 2. 1 1. 5 1.4 - 9 3 64. 3 4. 2 7 2 1 2 - - - - - 3. 69. 7. 10. - 5 9 3 9 29. 2 21. 4. 1. 2. - 29 14 8 - - 8 3 21 3 7 1. 2 - 4 1 5 3 92 . 6 39. 7 21. 8 2 ~ 1 1 10.7 109. 4 64 57 305 . 9 752. 6 1 2. 4 “ “ 14. 2 6 7. 8 - " - ■ 3 5. 1 7 O 0 L o. " “ 117 6 22 . 3 1 2. 2 - - 27 267 . 5 25. 4. 488. 20. 19. 37. 26. 1. 1 “ 2. 2 - ~ " - “ 19 1 6 I _ 2 45. 2 8. 0 12.8 1. 5 10.6 “ 5 06 . 3 40 88. 1 1. 99. 3. 129. 12. 161. 4 7. 50. 1. 18 2 5 1 4 2 8 - 4 1. 4. 11. 1. 4. 10. 14. - 0 2 9 3 5 3 3 4 5 “ " 4. 0 1. 0 2. 0 2. 6 3 " 8 6 3 1 4 6 5 11 4 67 11 15 2 6 1 3. 33. 55. 483. 88. 231 . ” 6 1 0 3 2 6 161 1 22 3 50 6 54 10 14 1 " ' 2. 7 7. 6 2. 7 ■ - 1 1. 7 2 5 2 - 1. 7 - - “ - - 1 - - 2. 2 ” ~ 4. 0 - - - - 1 “ - _ 2 ~ - - 0 3 7 9 1 - - 1 “ 4. 38. 3. 1. 0 9 6 1 2 0 1 5 “ ~ ■ “ Length of service required for specific vacation allowances in graduated plans, major collective bargaining agreements, 1 by industry, 1961— Continued (Workers in thousands) 3V2 weeks' vacation after— A g re em e n ts A ll in d u s tr ie s ------------------------------------------------- M a n u fa c tu rin g O rdnan ce Food ---------------------------------- a n d k in d r e d p r o d u c t s A g re em e n ts W ork ers A g re em e n ts W ork ers 6. 9 26 99. 1 15 47. 2 96 639. 3 18 49. 7 3 6. 9 25 97. 6 15 4 7 .-2 91 625. 7 9 24. 6 1 _ _ _ 1 1. 2 3 4. 1 _ . 4. 5 1 3. 4 2 5. 6 - - 2 8. 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1. 5 - - _____________ 2 2. 4 - - - - 1 1. 2 1 1. 8 i n d u s t r i e s ___________________________ - - - - - - - - - - fin is h e d ______________________________________ and w ood p ro d u c ts, e x c e p t fu r n itu r e F u r n itu r e ___________________________ and fix tu r e s __________________ an d a llie d p r o d u c ts P r in tin g , p u b lis h in g , C h e m ic a ls an d a llie d P e tr o le u m r e fin in g in d u s tr ie s and p ro d u cts and _____ r e la te d 1 1. 0 - 1 1 .4 ____ ________________________________ an d m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tic s L e a th er S to n e , W ork ers - Lum ber R ubber A g re em e n ts - p ro d u cts a llie d W ork ers O th e r __________________ m a n u fa c tu r e s m ill p ro d u cts A p p a r e l an d o th e r P aper A g re em e n ts years -------------------------------- T obacco T e x tile ____________ W ork ers 25 3 ------------------ and a c c e s s o r ie s 20 y e a rs 15 y e a r s 10 y e a r s In d u stry - - - - - ---------- - - - - - - - - - - p r o d u c t s ------- - - 1 4. 5 - - 1 2. 0 1 1. 5 -------------------- - - 5 15. 5 5 58 529. 9 1 1. 3 m e t a l p r o d u c t s -------------------- - - 4 5. 8 - - 10 22. 9 . 1 2. 0 e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ________ - - - - 4 9. 7 5 17. 9 1 3. 5 28. 1 1 1 .9 1 1. 0 2 6. 5 38. 0 - - p ro d u cts and le a th e r p r o d u c ts c la y , P r im a r y --------------------------------------- and g la s s m e t a l in d u s tr ie s F a b r ic a te d M a c h in e r y , - 22. 7 - E le c tr ic a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, p ro d u cts s u p p lie s _____________ e q u ip m e n t -------------------- 8 and T r a n s p o r ta tio n In stru m e n ts 4 and in d u s tr ie s 1 5. 0 10 44. 1 - 1 1. 2 1 1. 1 r e la te d ------------------------------------------------------------ M is c e lla n e o u s . m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________________________ " “ - _ _ 1 1. 5 _ _ 5 13. 6 9 25. 1 _______________ - - - - 4 12. 3 1 1. 5 - - 1 - T r a n s p o r t a t i o n 2 _____________________________ 1. 5 - - 1 1. 4 - - - - - - “ - ---------------- - - - - - - - - 7 --------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - R ' e t a i l t r a d e --------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - 1 2. 7 H o te ls ---------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - __________________________________________ - - - - - - - - - - C o n s t r u c t i o n ____________________________________ - - - - - - - - - N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g M in in g , crude n a tu ra l g a s p e tr o le u m , p r o d u c tio n C o m m u n ic a tio n s U tilitie s : tra d e and S e rv ic e s in d u s tr ie s and g a s resta u r a n ts M is c e lla n e o u s and ___ ________________________ E le c tr ic W h o le s a le _______________ n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. “ 21. 0 L en gth o f s e r v i c e r e q u ir e d f o r s p e c i fi c v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s in g r a d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t iv e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s ,1 b y in d u s try , 1961 — C on tinued ( W o r k e r s in t h o u s a n d s ) 4 w e e k s ’ v acation after— O ver m e n ts A ll in dustries ---------------------------------------- M an u factu rin g -------------------------- O r d n a n c e a nd a c c e s s o r i e s ---------------F o o d a nd k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s -------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------------------A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d p r o d u c t s _______________________________ L u m b e r a nd w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e --------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a nd f i x t u r e s ----------------------P a p e r and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ---------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a nd a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------C h e m i c a l s an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------P e t r o l e u m re fin in g and r e la t e d i n d u s t r i e s --------------------------------------------R u b b e r a nd m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ------------------------------L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s -------S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ----------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s __________ M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, ers W ork Ag ree- W ork m e n ts ers m e n ts ers m e n ts ers m e n ts ers m e n ts ers m e n ts ers m e n ts ers 254. 7 195 571. 9 26 149. 4 318 1, 2 7 9 . 5 13 51. 0 11 30. 1 2. 2 105 283. 6 17 131. 5 193 637. 1 7 32. 0 6 20. 5 . _ - i. 0 - - - " “ “ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 33. 9 - - - 2 3. 4 - - - - - - _ - - 1 . _ 1 3. 5 _ _ 3 6. 6 _ _ _ . - - 23 53. 9 - - 26 133. 2 1 1. 0 6 20. 5 - - - - - 1 1. 0 - - - 1 1. 1 - - - ’ 1 4. 0 - - - 44. 7 ’ - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - 36 64. 8 - - 6 7. 9 8 - - - ~ _ _ 2 2. 6 _ _ 2 5. 7 - - - - - - 18 29. 8 - - 15 34. 5 " - - - 1 2. 2 12 35. 3 - 2 8. 9 - 11 . _ _ _ _ 8 16. 0 - - - - _ _ _ _ - 3 - 5. 0 _ - - - 1 1. 3 - - _ _ _ _ _ 5 10. 3 _ - - _ - - 9 12 - _ 7. 4 - - _ 6 _ 9. 9 35. 2 - _ 1. 3 - 5 _ 1 - - - _ 54. 1 - - - - - - - 9 16. 8 - - 23 104. 9 1 1. 0 - " _ 8 74. 9 _ _ 34 127. 5 5 30. 0 _ _ - 4 14. 9 - - 9 27. 3 - - - - - 6 16. 2 - 1 1. 2 1 1 .4 - 2 4. 1 - - - - 288. 4 9 125 642. 5 6 19. 0 5 9. 6 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 10 1 21 _ _ - O th e r A gree 33. 9 - 3 0 >re a r s W ork 4 1 .9 - y^ e a r s A g ree 10 - 25 W ork 14 _ le s s A gree 4, 4 _ - years W ork 13. 1 - 20 25 A g ree 3 10. 7 - th a n W ork 8 2 _ O ver 20 y e a rs 20 y e a rs A gree 10. 7 2 m en ts le s s W ork- 13. 3 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------- See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . A gree- ers - A gree- 2 - S e r v i c e s -------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n ----------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s n on m an u factu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ---------------------------------------------- W ork- W ork- th a n 4 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ---------------In stru m e n ts and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------------M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------------------- M in in g, c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , and n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n ------------------T ransportation2 -------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s ---------------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a n d g a s ------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------------------H o t e l s an d r e s t a u r a n t s ---------------------- 15 years 10 y e a r s 5 years Industry 15 - - - - - - - - 2. 6 5 8. 7 4 8. 0 _ 1 3. 5 1. 2 2 _ 3. 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 .4 2 _ - 2. 0 _ 1 1. 6 1 2. 5 _ _ _ _ 85. 6 17. 9 - - 20 252. 5 90 1 1. 0 18 _ 249. 0 _ 27 1 16. 3 - - 5 20. 3 2 2. 2 2 5. 5 1 1. 6 - - 67 483. 9 3 14. 8 1 1. 2 2. 3 _ 17 28. 9 8 - 15. 9 37 112. 4 1 2. 0 - 1. 5 1. 2 - 36 - 1 2. 0 - - - - - 2 1. 4 - - - - _ _ 1 _ 2 _ 3. 9 _ 1 - 4 - - - - 4 - - - - - 8. 1 1 0 4 .9 27. 7 - 1 - 13 1. 3 - - 1 - - - - - 2. 6 - - 1 - - 22. 1 " L e n gth o f s e r v ic e r e q u ir e d fo r s p e c i fi c v a c a t io n a llo w a n c e s in g r a d u a te d p la n s , m a jo r c o ll e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s , 1 b y in d u s tr y , O ver 10 y e a r s I nd us t ^ Agreem ents 1 - O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s __________ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s _________ T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s --------------- __ T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------------------A p p a r e l and oth e r fin is h ed p r o d u c t s _______________________________ L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e -------------------------------F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ---------------------P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ---------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a nd a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------P e t r o l e u m re fin in g and r e la t e d i n d u s t r i e s _____________________________ R u b b e r and m is c e lla n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ----------------------------L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s -------S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ----P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s --------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s -------------M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ---------E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery , e q u i p m e n t , a n d s u p p l i e s ---------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ---------------I n s tru m e n ts and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s _______________________________ M isc e lla n e o u s m anufacturing i n d u s t r i e s _____________________________ N o n m a n u factu rin g U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1962 0 —659572 1 ,4 1 4 2 E x c lu d e s a g re e m e n ts r a ilr o a d s c o v e rin g and - - W orkers A greem ents W orkers 10. 2 4 5. 9 2 8. 7 3 8. 2 . 3 3. 4 1 4. 2 3 - . 2 - - - - . 2 - - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - w ork ers. - - - 1 - - 1. 2 - W orkers . - 1. 5 - Agreem ents 4 - 1. 2 W orkers 10. 5 - 1 A greem ents Other 4 - 1 in d u s tr ie s . 1. Z Agreem ents 25 y e a r s - 1. 5 5 ,7 3 6 ,5 0 0 a ir lin e - 22 yet a rs - 1 - 1 W orkers a fte r — - " - ------------------ M i n i n g , c r u d e p e t r o l e u m , a nd n a t u r a l g a s p r o d u c t i o n -------------------T ransportation1 2 ---------------------------------C o m m u n i c a t i o n s __ ----------------------------U t i l i t i e s : E l e c t r i c a n d g a s _________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------H o t e l s a nd r e s t a u r a n t s --------------------S e r v i c e s __________________________________ C o n s t r u c t i o n ___________________________ M i s c e lla n e o u s n on m an u factu rin g i n d u s t r i e s ___________________ __________ 1 1. 5 Agreem ents v a c a tio n 20 y e a r s 15 y e a r s W orkers 4 w eek s' 1961— C on tinued 1 2. 3 - 2. 3 ~ - 1 - 1 - 1 1 - 1. 2 - - 1 - . 0 - 1 L - “ " 4 10. 2 4. 2 - " 1 2. 5 1 4. 5 - - - - - - 2. 5 - - - - - - 4 - 10. - - _ 4, 5 - 1 2 1 - - - - - - - - - _ -