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Occupational Wage Survey WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS June 1960 Bu letin No. 1265-52 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner B ureau of Labor Statistics R egional O ffices Occupational Wage Survey Worcester, Massachusetts June 1960 Bulletin No. 1265-52 July 1960 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents P reface C ontents P age The C om m u n ity W age S u rvey P r o g r a m The B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s r e g u la r ly con d u cts a rea w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n u m ber o f im p orta n t in d u stria l c e n t e r s . The stu d ie s, m ade fr o m late fa ll to e a r ly s p rin g , r e la te to o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits . A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n o f the study in ea ch a r e a , u su a lly in the m onth fo llo w in g the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied . T h is b u lletin p r o v id e s a d dition a l data not in clu d ed in the e a r lie r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly tica l b u lletin su m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f all o f the y e a r 's s u r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le tio n o f the fin a l a r e a b u lletin fo r the c u r r e n t round o f s u r v e y s . T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g ion a l o ffic e in B o s to n , M a s s ., b y L e o E p s te in , under the d ir e c tio n o f P au l V . M u lk ern , R e g io n a l W age and In d u s t r ia l R e la tio n s A n a ly s t. I n t r o d u c t io n __________________________________________________________________ 1 T a b le s : 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y ____________ 2 A: O ccu p a tion a l e a r n in g s: * A - 1. O ffic e o ccu p a tio n s ___________________________________________ A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s __________________ A - 3 . M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c cu p a tio n s _________________ A -4 . C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c cu p a tio n s ___________ 4 6 7 8 B: E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s : * B -l. Sh ift d iffe r e n tia ls ---------------------------------------------B - 2 . M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ____________________________________ :__________ B -3 . S ch ed u led w eek ly h ou rs _____________________________________ B -4 . P a id h o lid a y s ________________________________________________ B -5 . P a id v a ca tio n s _______________________________________________ B -6 . H ealth , in s u r a n ce , and p en sion plans ____________________ A pp en dix: O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip tio n s _____________________________________ * N O T E : S im ila r tabu lation s f o r th ese and oth er item s a re a v a ila b le in the r e p o r t s fo r s u r v e y s in o th e r m a jo r a r e a s . A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date o f study and the p r ic e o f the r e p o r t s is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t. A c u r r e n t r e p o r t on o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r a c t ic e s in the W o r c e s t e r a r e a is a ls o a v a ila b le fo r the m a ch in e ry in d u str ie s (Janu ary I9 6 0 ). Union s c a l e s , in d ica tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay l e v e ls , are a ls o a v a ila b le f o r se v e n b u ildin g tr a d e s . iii 9 10 10 11 12 14 15 O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u rv ey —W o rcester, M a ssa c h u se tts Introduction T his area is one of se v e r a l im portant in d u strial cen ters in which the U .S . D epartm ent of L a b o r's B ureau of Labor S ta tistic s has conducted su rv ey s of occupational earn in gs and related wage b en efits on an areaw ide b a s is . In this area, data w ere obtained by p erson al v is its of B ureau field eco n o m ists to rep resen tative estab lish m en ts w ithin six broad industry d ivision s: M anufacturing; tra n sp o r ta tio n ,1 com m u nication, and other public u tilities; w h olesale trade; reta il trade; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor in dustry groups excluded from th ese stu d ies are governm ent op erations and the con stru ction and ex tractive in d u stries. E stab lish m en ts having few er than a p rescrib ed num ber of w ork ers are om itted a lso b ecau se they furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w a r rant in clu sion . W herever p o ssib le, sep arate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry d iv isio n s. T h ese su rveys are conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecau se of the u n n ecessa ry c o st involved in su rveyin g a ll esta b lish m en ts. To obtain appropriate accu racy at m inim um c o st, a g reater proportion of large than of sm a ll estab lish m en ts is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, a ll estab lish m en ts are given their appropriate w eight. E stim a tes b ased on the estab lish m en ts studied are p resen ted , th erefo re, as r e latin g to a ll esta b lish m en ts in the industry grouping and area, e x cep t for those below the m inim um s iz e studied. O ccupations and E arnings The occupations selec te d for study are com m on to a variety of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing in d u stries. O ccupational c la s sifica tio n is b ased on a uniform se t of job d escrip tion s d esigned to take account of in terestab lish m en t variation in duties w ithin the sam e job. (See appendix for listin g of th ese d escr ip tio n s.) E arnings data are p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) for the follow ing types of occu p a tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p ro fessio n a l and techn ical; (c) m ain te nance and pow er plant; and (d) cu stod ial and m aterial m ovem ent. O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w o rk ers, i. e . , those h ired to work a regu lar w eekly sch ed ule in the given occupational c la ssific a tio n . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eeken ds, h olid a ys, and late sh ifts. N onproduction b on u ses are excluded a lso , but c o st-o fliving bonuses and in cen tive earn in gs are inclu ded. W here w eekly hours are reported, as for o ffice c le r ic a l occu p ation s, referen ce is to the work sch ed u les (rounded to the n e a r e st half hour) for which stra ig h t-tim e sa la r ie s are paid; average w eekly earn in gs for th ese occupations have been rounded to the n ea rest half d olla r. A verage earnin gs of m en and w om en are p resen ted sep arately for selec te d occupations in which both se x e s are com m only em p loyed . D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls of m en and w om en in th ese occupations are la rg ely due to (l) d ifferen ces in the d istrib u tion of the se x e s am ong in d u stries and estab lish m en ts; (2) d ifferen ces in sp ecific duties p er form ed, although the occupations are appropriately c la ss ifie d w ithin the sam e su rvey job d escrip tion ; and (3) d ifferen ces in length of s e r v ice or m erit review when individual sa la r ie s are adjusted on this b asis. L onger average se r v ic e of m en w ould r e su lt in higher average pay when both se x e s are em ployed w ithin the sam e rate range. Job d escrip tion s used in c la ssify in g em p lo yees in th ese su rv ey s are u su ally m ore gen era lized than those used in individual esta b lish m en ts to allow for m inor d ifferen ces am ong estab lish m en ts in sp ecific duties p erform ed. O ccupational em ploym ent e stim a tes rep resen t the total in all estab lish m en ts within the scop e of the study and not the num ber actu ally su rveyed . B ecau se of d ifferen ces in occupational stru ctu re am ong esta b lish m en ts, the e stim a tes of occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple of esta b lish m en ts studied serv e only to indicate the rela tiv e im portance of the jobs stu died. T h ese d ifferen ces in o ccu pational stru ctu re do not m a teria lly affect the accu racy of the ea rn ings data. E stab lish m en t P r a c tic e s and Supplem entary Wage P ro v isio n s Inform ation is p resen ted a lso (in the B -s e r ie s tab les) on s e lected estab lish m en t p ra ctices and supplem entary b en efits as they r e late to o ffice and plant w o rk ers. The term "offite w o rk ers, " as used in this bu lletin , inclu d es w orking su p er v iso rs and n on su p ervisory w orkers perform ing c le r ic a l or related fu n ction s, and ex clu d es adm in istr a tiv e , ex ecu tiv e, and p ro fessio n a l p erso n n el. "Plant w ork ers" in clude w orking forem en and all n on su p ervisory w ork ers (including lea d 1 R ailroad s, fo rm erly excluded from the scop e of th ese stu d ies,m en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice fu n ction s. A d m in istrative, ex ecu tiv e, and p ro fessio n a l em p lo y ees, and fo rce-a cco u n t con stru ction have been added in n ea rly a ll of the area s to be studied during the em p lo yees who are u tilized as a sep arate work force are exclu d ed . w in ter of 1959-60; ra ilroad s w ill be added in the rem aining a rea s n ext y e a r . F o r scope of su rvey in this a rea, se e footnote to "transporta C afeteria w ork ers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in d u s tion, com m u nication, and other public u tilities" in table 1. tries, but are included as plant w ork ers in nonm anufacturing in d u stries. 2 T a b le 1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d ie d in W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ., 1 b y m a j o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , 2 J u n e i9 6 0 In d u stry d iv is io n A l l d i v i s i o n s . .... . M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________ __________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________________________ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 5 ....... W h o l e s a le t r a d e .. _ . _ _. . R e t a i l t r a d e ______________________________________ „_______ F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te .. .. S e r v ic e s 7 ... . . M in im u m e m p l o y m e nt in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f stu d y N u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s W ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y 3 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s W it h in s c o p e o f stu d y S t u d ie d S tu d ie d T o ta l4 O ffic e P la nt T o ta l4 51 246 84 60, 2 00 9 ,8 00 43, 200 38, 930 51 51 161 85 50 34 4 6, 500 1 3 ,7 0 0 6, 0 0 0 3, 8 0 0 35, 600 7, 600 3 0, 5 1 0 8 ,4 2 0 51 51 51 51 51 13 11 41 15 5 8 4 12 7 3 3, 1 0 0 900 5, 600 3, 600 500 500 (6) (‘ ) 2, 200 (6) ( 6) (!) (6 ) (!) (6 ) 2, 550 400 2, 370 2, 690 410 1 T h e W o r c e s t e r M e t r o p o lit a n A r e a ( W o r c e s t e r C ity ; A u b u rn , B e r lin , B o y l s t o n , B r o o k f i e l d , E a s t B r o o k f i e l d , G r a f t o n , H o ld e n , L e i c e s t e r , M i l l b u r y , N o r t h b o r o u g h , N o r t h b r id g e , N o r t h B r o o k f i e l d , O x f o r d , S h r e w s b u r y , S p e n c e r , S u tto n , U p to n , W e s t b o r o u g h , a n d W e s t B o y l s t o n t o w n s in W o r c e s t e r C o u n t y , M a s s . ). T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y . T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( l ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a ta c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v i s e d e d i t i o n o f the S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . M a j o r c h a n g e s f r o m th e e a r l i e r e d it io n (u s e d in th e B u r e a u ’ s l a b o r m a r k e t w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m p r i o r t o th e w in t e r o f 1 9 5 8 - 5 9 ) a r e th e t r a n s f e r o f m i l k p a s t e u r i z a t i o n p la n t s a n d r e a d y - m i x e d c o n c r e t e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s f r o m t r a d e (w h o l e s a l e o r r e t a i l ) to m a n u fa c t u r i n g , a n d th e t r a n s f e r o f r a d i o a n d t e l e v i s i o n b r o a d c a s t i n g f r o m s e r v i c e s t o th e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s d i v i s i o n . 3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m - s i z e li m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , fin a n c e , a u to r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o t io n - p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e o f f i c e a n d p la n t c a t e g o r i e s . 5 R a i l r o a d s w e r e in c l u d e d ; t a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s in c i d e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d . 6 T h is i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A a n d B t a b l e s , a lt h o u g h c o v e r a g e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t t o ju s t if y s e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta . 7 H o t e l s ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r s h o p s ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r , h ip o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; a n d e n g i n e e r i n g a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . 3 The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al arra n g e m en ts, excluding inform al plans w hereby tim e off with pay is granted at the d iscretio n of the em p lo yer. Separate e stim a tes are provided accord ing to em p loyer p ractice in com puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, p ercen t of annual ea rn in gs, or fla t-su m am ou n ts. H ow ever, in the tabulations of vacation a llow an ces, paym ents not on a tim e b a sis w ere converted; for exam p le, a paym ent of 2 p ercen t of annual earn ings w as co n sid ered as the equ ivalent of 1 w e e k 's pay. Data a r e presen ted for all h ealth , in su ran ce, and pen: ion plans for which at le a s t a p a rt of the c o st is borne by the em p lo yer, excepting only leg a l req u irem en ts such as w ork m en 's com p en sation and so cia l secu r ity . Such plans include th ose underw ritten by a co m m er cia l in su ran ce com pany and th ose provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em p loyer out of cu rren t operating funds or from a fund s e t asid e for this pu rp ose. Death b en efits are included as a form of life in su ran ce. S ick n ess and accid en t in su ran ce is lim ited to that type of in surance under which p red eterm in ed ca sh paym ents are m ade d irectly to the in sured on a w eekly or m onthly b a sis during illn e s s or accid en t d isa b ility . Inform ation is p resen ted for all such plans to which the em p loyer co n trib u tes. H ow ever, in New York and New J e r se y , which have enacted tem porary d isa b ility in su ran ce law s w hich require e m ployer con trib u tion s , 4 plans are included only if the em p loyer ( 1 ) co n tributes m ore than is le g a lly req u ired , or (2 ) provid es the em ployee with b en efits w hich ex ceed the req u irem en ts of the law . Tabulations of paid sic k -le a v e plans are lim ited to form al p la n s 5 w hich provide full pay or a proportion of the w o rk er's pay during ab sen ce from work b ecau se of illn e s s . Sep arate tabulations are provided accord ing to (l) plans which provide fu ll pay and no w aiting p eriod, and ( 2 ) plans providing eith er partial pay or a w aiting period. In addition to the p resen tation of the proportions o f w ork ers who are provided sick n e ss and accid en t insuran ce or paid sick le a v e , an unduplicated total is shown of w ork ers who re ceiv e eith er or both types of b en efits. C atastrophe in su ran ce, so m etim es re fe rre d to as .exten d ed m ed ical in su ran ce, inclu d es those plans which are d esign ed to p rotect em p lo yees in c a se of sick n e ss and injury involving ex p en ses beyond the norm al co vera ge of h o sp italiza tio n , m ed ic a l, and su rg ica l p lan s. M edical in su ran ce re fe r s to plans providing for com p lete or partial paym ent of d o c to r s 1 fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by c o m m e r cia l insu ran ce com p anies or nonprofit organ ization s or they m ay be s e lf-in su r e d . T abulations of retirem en t pen sion plans are lim ited to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem ain d er of the w o r k e r 's life . 2 An estab lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a policy if it m et eith er of the follow ing conditions: (1) O perated late sh ifts at the tim e of the su rv ey , or (2 ) had form al p ro vision s coverin g late sh ifts. 3 Scheduled w eekly hours for office w ork ers (fir st sectio n of table B -3 ) in su rveys m ade p rior to late 1957 and ea rly 1958 w ere p resen ted in term s of the proportion of w om en office w ork ers e m ployed in o ffices w ith the indicated w eek ly hours for w om en w o rk ers. 4 The tem porary d isa b ility law s in C aliforn ia and Rhode Island do not req u ire em p lo yer con trib u tion s. 5 An esta b lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a form al plan if it esta b lish ed at le a st the m inim um num ber of days of sick lea ve that could be exp ected by each em p lo y ee. Such a plan need not be W ritten, but inform al s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n ces, d eterm in ed on an individual b a s is , w ere excluded . Shift d ifferen tial data (table B - l) are lim ited to m anufacturing in d u stries. T his inform ation is p resen ted both in term s of (a) esta b lish m en t p olicy, 2 p resen ted in term s of total plant w orker em p lo y m ent, and (b) effectiv e p ra ctice, p resen ted on the b a sis of w orkers actu ally em ployed on the sp ecified sh ift at the tim e of the su rvey. In estab lish m en ts having varied d ifferen tia ls, the am ount applying to a m ajority w as used o r, if no am ount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sifica tio n "other” was u sed . In esta b lish m en ts in w hich som e la te sh ift hours are paid at norm al r a te s, a d ifferen tial was record ed only if it applied to a m ajority of the sh ift h ou rs. M inim um entrance ra tes (table B -2 ) relate only to the esta b lish m en ts v isite d . T hey are p resen ted on an estab lish m en t, rather than on an em ploym ent b a s is . P aid holidays; paid vacations; and h ealth , in su ran ce, and pension plans are treated sta tistic a lly on the b a sis that th ese are applicable to a ll plant or office w ork ers if a m a jority of such w ork ers are elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify for the p ra ctices liste d . Scheduled hours are treated sta tistic a lly on the b a sis that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w ork ers if a m ajority are c o v ere d . 3 B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s in these tabulations m ay not equal to ta ls. The fir s t part of the paid holidays table p resen ts the num b er of whole and half holidays actually provided. The secon d part com b in es w hole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e . 4 A* Occupational Earnings Table A -l. Office Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June I9 6 0 ) Sex, occupation, and industry division Men Clerks, order __ _ . ___..... .... M anufacturing__ ____ Office boys __________ ___ _______________________ M anufacturing__ Tabulating-machine operators, class A ____________ Tabulating-machine operators, class B __ ^________ Women B illers, machine (hilling machine) Manufacturing __________________________________ Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A __________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B __________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ................................................ ........... Clerks, accounting, class A ----------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ Clerks, accounting, class B ----------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------ ------------------------Nonmanufacturing _____________________________ Clerks, file, class A ______________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Clerks, file, class B ______________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________________________ Clerks, order _____________________________________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________________________________ Clerks, payroll ___________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ Comptometer operators ___________________________ Manufacturing ________________________________________________________ Duplicating-machine operators (Mimeograph or Ditto) _______________________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________________________________ Keypunch o p e ra to rs _______________________________________________________ Manufacturing ________________________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________________________ S ee fo o t n o t e at end o f ta b le . Number of workers Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O F— $ 00 $40. 00 $45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 $60. 00 $65. 00 $70. 00 $75. 00 $80. 00 $85. 00 §0. 00 $95. 00 ?CC.00 ?C5.CC flO.OO f 15.00 f 2 O.CC 35. Weekly, Weekly j and earnings under hours (Standard) (Standard) 40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. oo 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 72 69 28 22 19 26 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 39. 0 39. 0 $93.00 T O o .49, 00 "50.50" 92,50 78. 50 _ 3 _ . _ 6 6 _ . _ 10 8 _ . _ 4 4 _ . _ 2 2 _ 1 44 22 65 47 144 48 96 206 129 77 281 139 142 45 20 152 72 80 92 89 211 153 58 96 69 38. 5 40. 0 39. 5 39.5 39. 0 39.5 39. G 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 39.5 40. 0 38. 5 38. 5 40. 0 39. 0 40. 0 38. C 40. 0 40. 0 39. 5 40. 0 38. 0 39. 0 39. 0 59. 50 50 70. 50 73. 50 56. 50 64. 50 52. 50 82. 00 90. 00 69. 00 63. 00 6 2 . 5o 63. 50 66. 50 78. 50 51.00 53.50 48. 50 70. 50 71.00 66. 50 68. 50 61.50 65. 50 68. 00 2 " _ 1 1 " _ " 10 1 1 3 3 _ 3 3 - 1 1 2 1 27 27 " 21 13 8 9 3 4 4 38 15 23 4 - _ _ _ _ * _ 23 5 18 1 57 20 37 1 - - - _ * " 1 1 4 1 31 31 2 2 44 19 25 12 33 19 14 12 12 24 15 30 27 191 98 93 40. 0 40. 0 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 57. 50 57. 00 58. 50 63. 50 53. 00 " _ _ 5 5 5 - - - - 1 1 1 1 3 3 37 2 35 7 6 - 9 6 40 I d 24 4 27 14 13 9 2 19 11 8 8 8 27 20 7 23 22 4 4 33 13 25 11 7 11 ---1 1 1 _ _ _ 6 7 3 6 " 17 12 5 19 1 18 36 19 17 5 1 13 10 3 27 26 46 26 20 15 13 10 10 43 26 17 _ 14 9 16 11 5 27 10 17 73 31 42 _ 4 4 5 3 _ 4 8 6 ------ 5“ 19 16 3 2 1 40 17 23 54 26 28 6 5 _ _ 1 2 10 10 _ 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ * _ _ 5 6 5 ------ 6“ _ _ 3 1 1 6 _ - 4 4 3 3 7 7 _ 1 1 1 1 10 6 _ 1 1 17 16 1 5 5 _ 4 4 8 4 _ _ _ 3 2 1 _ - _ 47 47 - _ - _ _ - 7 7 4 4 6 6 _ 8 8 _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ - - - 21 18 3 13 8 5 6 1 1 4 5 1 4 2 2 " _ - - - 3 3 42 31 11 14 2 15 15 30 29 1 20 19 5 5 12 9 3 6 6 2 2 3 2 11 2 1 - 9 9 2 1 1 1 8 9 8 1 1 1 7, 7 10 9 1 4 _ - 3 3 1 1 " 1 1 " _ _ - - - - - - 1 1 2 S 2 8 6 ------ 6 _ - _ - _ _ - 4 4 - 4 4 _ _ . _ _ 5 . 22 22 _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ " _ _ - _ _ _ _ " - _ - _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - - - - _ - _ - _ 8 8 _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - - " - - - _ - - _ - - - _ " - - " - - _ - _ - 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , ‘ June I96 0 ) Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average $115.00 $120.00 $35. 00 $40 00 $45. 00 $50 . 00 *55. 00 $60. 00 $65 . 00 $70. 00 $75 . 00 $80. 00 $85. 00 $90. 00 $95.00 100.00 $ $ $ 105.00 110.00 Weekly Weekly . hours 1 (Standard) earnings 1 under and (Standard) 40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55 . 00 60 . 00 65. 00 70 . 00 75. 00 80 . 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 Women— Continued 38.5 $50. 50 40. 0 52. 00 - 3 3 14 - 27 21 6 5 - S ec re ta ries_______________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ 360 ' 39.5 82. 00 273 40. C 84. 00 87 38. O' 76.00 _ - _ - . - 1 1 16 10 6 26 12 14 Stenographers, g en eral____________________________ Manufacturing ________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ 294 202 92 39.5 66. 50 40. 0 68. 50 38. 5 62. 00 _ _ _ - 11 5 6 77 38 39 Switchboard operators __________________________^__ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ 60 26 34 39. 0 62. 50 40. 0 67. 00 38. 0 58. 50 5 5 5 5 Switchboard o perator-receptionists________________ Manufacturing ________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ 114 86 28 40. 0 61.00 40. 5 62. 00 39. 0 58. 50 _ Tabulating-machine operators, class B ____________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ 56 41 15 39.5 75. 00 40. 0 77. 50 38. 0 66.50 29 23 6 _ Transcribing-m achine operators, g en eral__________ M anufacturing---------------- -------------------------------Typists, class A ___________________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________ _________________ 91 49 171 98 73 38. 0 61. 00 40. 0 65. 00 39. 0 64. 00 40. 0 65. 50 38. 0 62. 50 Typists, class B __________________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ _________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ 275 199 76 39. 5 55. 00 40. 0 55,'S'O 37. 5 53. 50 Office g ir ls _______________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ 50 29 _ - 6 6 - - “ " " 26 15 11 51 45 6 43 28 15 52 44 8 40 32 8 27 25 2 70 51 19 50 41 9 43 34 9 15 5 10 6 6 _ 9 7 2 10 5 5 4 3 1 12 7 5 4 2 2 35 22 13 _ " 4 1 3 22 22 " 1 1 15 11 4 21 21 1 1 8 5 3 4 4 - _ _ - 4 4 9 1 8 15 13 2 18 17 1 3 3 24 16 5 13 11 8 7 1 - _ - - _ - _ - 2 2 _ - - 32 20 12 _ - - - - ~ - _ _ 4 18 22 - - - 2 _ _ - - - - _ - 6 ~T~ 11 11 18 11 7 13 31 23 8 51 29 22 78 57 21 75 59 16 2 26 24 26 11 15 56 39 17 ~T~ 5l 6 1 1 2 2 . - _ " 4 3 1 _ - 1 1 - ~ “ 14 12 2 _ " _ - 13 12 1 _ " _ ~ _ - 7 7 " _ - 6 6 - " _ _ ~ _ _ " _ . 3 3 " _ - - _ - _ _ - 2 2 " - " 3 3 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - " - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - " - - " 6 6 _ - _ - _ _ " - - _ - _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ - 2 2 6 6 - _ - S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s . _ - - “ 11 11 - ~ 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - " _ - _ - 6 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June I96 0 ) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division of workers N U M B ER OF W O RK ER S R E CE IVIN G ST R A IG H T-TIM E W EEKLY EA RN IN G S OF 60.and00 under 65. 00 $ Number Weekly, hours (Standard) Weekly , earnings (Standard) * $110.00 115.00 $ $ $125.00 $130.00 $135.00 140.00 145.00 $150.00 $ * IS 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 $8 0 . 00 85. 00 *9 0 . oo $95.00 $100.00 105.00 120.00 155.00 116O.0 ojl 65. Oo j and 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 160.00>165.0o: over $ i Men ! ! Draftsmen, leader __________________ Manufacturing ____________________ 48 48 Draftsmen, senior __________________ Manufacturing _____________ ______ 324 318 40. 0 40. 0 117.50 117.50 Draftsmen, ju n io r___________________ Manufacturing ____________________ 255 249 40. 0 40. 0 84. 00 84. 00 40. 0 $142.50 40. 0 142.50 . _ ; 1 ■ ' 6 6 15 1 15 i . !1 57 52 39.5 40. 0 | - 1 1 “ - 1 1I 6f 1 I 1 I 30 | 59 29 29 58 29 1 Women Nurses, industrial ( r e g i s t e r e d ) _________ Manufacturing __________________ _ i ; - “ - 8 8 9 9 12 11 23 22 43 40 18 18 ■ 1 | 4 4 1 . 1 J I 33 28 19 19 33 33 40 40 24 24 5 5 1 1 2 2 51 51 6 *> 41 41 - ~ 8 8 4 4 5 5 11 11 " 5 5 38 38 15 15 9 9 7 7 1 1 2 2 " " " - _ _ . ■ _ _ I 86. 50 86. 00 . : 4 4 I 5 5 1 i ! 12 1 11 1 U 9 1______ 6 5 4 3 8 8 i j 2 3 . _ 4 4 . . 1______ i 1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a la r i e s and th e e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 A l l w o r k e r s at $ 1 7 0 to $ 1 7 5 . . “ 1 25 5 . " - | . 1 ! - i _ _ | i _ Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, W orcester, Mass. , June I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1.80 %1. 90 $ 2. 0 C $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 >$ 2. 3c $ 2. 4c ji $ 2. 50 $2. 60 ! $2. 7 _ ! $2.8c ”l| T>2. 90 ’$ 3. oo ~!; $ 3. lc ! * 3. 2c Average hourly j Under earnings $ and and under 1. 60 3. 10 __ 3. 2c over 1. 70 1 .8b 1.90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 3c 2^4 c_ 2. 5c_ 2. 60 2. 7c 2. 80 2. 9o 3. 00 Occupation and industry division Number of workers Carpenters, maintenance _ ---------------------------Manufacturing ____________________________ 120 114 $2. 39 2. 36 Electricians, m aintenance____________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ 200 191 2. 7b 2. 77 _ Engineers, statio nary ________________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ 49 47 2. 56 2. 57 _ Firem en, stationary b o ile r___________________ Manufacturing ___________________________ 107 97 2. 21 2. 20 Helpers, trades, m aintenance________________ Manufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Public utilities 2 _______________________ ICG 72 28 25 1. 97 1. 95 2. c5 2. 06 Machine-tool operators, toolroom ____________ Manufacturing _____________________________ 165 165 2. 33 2. 33 2 2 _ “ _ M achinists, m aintenance____________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ 227 225 2. 68 2. 68 _ Mechanics, automotive ^maintenance)_________ Manufacturing ____________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Public utilities 2 _________________ ______ 90 22 68 62 2. 36 2. 53 2. 31 2. 31 Mechanics, maintenance ________________ _____ Manufacturing ___ _______________________ 167 157 2. 52 2. 51 M illw rights__________________________________ Manufacturing ____________________________ 54 52 2. 62 2. 63 O ile rs______________________________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ 67 63 2. 20 2. 18 Painters, m aintenance_______________________ Manufacturing ____________________________ 35 31 2. 47 2. 47 Pipefitters, m aintenance-------------------------------Manufacturing ___________________________ 89 87 2. 66 2. 66 Tool and die m ak e rs__________________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ 232 232 2. 62 2. 62 _ " _ " _ 2 2 _ " . " _ ~ 1 " _ - _ _ 3 3 i-. ~ 12 12 _ 21 21 _ _ " 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ . " _ . _ _ - _ 5 5 . _ 1 1 1 _ " 22 22 6 3 3 3 13 13 6 6 _ “ 5 5 _ 2 2 _ 5 5 _ 11 11 _ 10 1C 10 10 6 6 33 33 4 4 19 18 2 1 4 4 _ 2 2 28 27 _ 11 10 2 2 4 4 4 4 20 20 4 4 2 2 31 31 33 16 17 14 10 5 5 5 4 1 3 3 11 11 4 4 10 10 " 10 10 6 6 _ - 7 7 _ - 4 4 12 12 2 _ 7 7 22 22 10 10 9 8 7 2 2 1 1 12 12 5 5 1 1 2 2 _ _ _ 1 1 Excludes prem ium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 3 77 ! 28 ! 28 ! 19 19 J 2 2 1 2 16 16 _ - 28 20 21 21 31 31 10 10 4 4 _ _ " 13 13 25 25 8 7 27 27 16 16 10 29 5 1 24 9 24 ! 9 11 7 10 7 11 2 9 8 15 2 13 10 12 lo 2 2 17 17 18 18 13 13 8 8 _ " 15 15 1 10 10 _ 4 2 5 5 6 5 5 5 11 11 _ " _ “ 15 15 39 39 15 15 47 47 6 5 6 1 1 6 29 29 5 5 5 6 1 1 3 2 5 5 1 11 11 10 10 1 11 11 5 4 4 2 2 - _ _ 3 3 1 1 _ “ 4 4 8 8 9 ! 43 9 l 43 J_______ 15 14 4 3 2 2 38 34 _ " _ " _ “ 18 18 16 16 _ " _ " _ 51 51 9 9 _ ~ 39 39 2 2 " 10 4 _ 13 13 _ _ _ 4 4 37 37 24 24 j 2 2 i i 52 | 52 2 2 _ " - ! | _ 48 47 _ _ _ _ 7 7 _ 6 1 6 _ 5 5 _ " _ “ _ _ _ _ . “ 2 2 _ 22 22 3 " 5 5 _ _ " _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " _ _ * 6 8 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June I96 0 ) Occupation1 and industry division Number of workers Elevator operators, passenger ^wom en)_______ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Guards -------------------------- -------------------------Manufacturing _____________________________ Janitors, porters, and cleaners \m en)_______ Manufacturing _____________ ______________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Public utilities 3 ______________________ Janitors, porters, and cleaners vwomen) _____ Manufacturing _____________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Laborers, m aterial handling________________ Manufacturing ____________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Public utilities 3 _______________________ Order f ille r s __ ______________________________ Manufacturing ____________________________ Packers, shipping ^men) _______________ _____ Manufacturing ____________________________ Packers, shipping (women) ___________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ Receiving c le rk s_____________________________ Manufacturing ____ ___ ______ ______ ___ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Shipping c le rk s______________________ _______ Manufacturing ______________ ____________ Shipping and receiving c le rk s--- ----------------Manufacturing _____________________________ Truckdrivers 5 _______________________________ Manufacturing _____________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________________ Public utilities 3 _______________________ Truckdrivers, light (under 1V2 tons) _______ Manufacturing ___ __ _____________ Truckdrivers, medium (lV2 to and including 4 tons) _________________________ M anufacturing__________________________ Truckdrivers, heavy \over 4 tons, traile r type) _____________________________ T ruckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) _________________ Manufacturing ________________________ Truckers, power (forklift) __________________ Manufacturing __ __ _______________________ Truckers, power pother than forklift) _________ Manufacturing _______________ __________ W atchmen____________________________________ Manufacturing ___ ________________________ 27 26 154 141 634 496 138 32 117 57 60 490 266 224 127 96 55 185 185 172 172 70 52 18 62 56 66 62 402 199 203 108 30 25 90 40 99 109 45 119 112 48 48 105 89 NUMBER OF WORKEKS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Average $ 1. 10 *1.20 $ 1. 30 $ 1.40 *1.50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .90 $2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2. 30 *2.40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 hourly , earnings under and 1. 10 1. 20 1.30 1. 40 1.50 1. 60 1. 70 1.80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 over _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ „ _ . _ 23 3 $1. 17 1 1. 15 23 3 _ _ 1.97 1 5 2 36 2 36 18 3 10 22 19 2. 00 3 2 34 36 14 20 3 lo 19 1. 68 44 56 5 8 47 33 38 112 81 23 46 3 3 2 1 4 69 59 28 32 1. 73 3 13 34 23 80 5 58 68 28 20 3 3 2 1 4 91 5 15 1.48 31 28 1 1 13 21 3 1 1 18 5 1 2 2 1 3 18 1.91 _ _ _ _ 1.42 5 31 17 1 6 4 22 1 30 1. 60 6 15 1 4 30 1 1. 25 25 5 2 4 17 7 _ _ 1. 82 21 24 25 31 65 35 13 6 73 56 2 2 21 16 100 _ _ 1. 64 21 24 21 65 3 7 56 3 2 2 6 46 2 7 1 2. 04 10 18 10 32 27 19 99 9 2. 38 19 9 99 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.86 1 7 2 12 18 21 1 3 22 6 3 2. 00 2 18 21 6 4 1 3 _ 2. 08 33 2 18 12 16 11 17 20 11 14 3 4 28 2. 08 12 11 11 2 33 20 14 18 16 17 3 28 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 27 48 68 17 39 68 1. 27 48 17 39 _ _ _ 1 5 10 5 1 6 10 12 7 2 1 3 1 6 1.99 2. 06 1 5 1 6 6 -----5----- 11 7 7 2 1 5 4 3 1. 78 1 3 1 " _ _ 2. 10 1 1 1 10 14 5 1 2 1 8 2 1 6 9 1 11 5 1 2. 11 10 7 2 2 1 1 6 9 _ _ _ _ _ . _ 4 5 5 4 8 5 1 23 11 1. 97 1 11 5 5 1.97 4 8 5 23 _ 12 2. 10 28 6 4 56 7 77 17 112 4 12 6 11 30 1 19 12 2. 07 8 14 ------6— 4 4 77 13 4 12 6 11 6 13 8 1 2. 14 5 4 104 20 24 43 3 2. 40 4 104 5 4 2 6 6 1 6 1. 75 4 1 6 2 6 6 1. 79 " " " 5 x5 2. 00 12 5 48 4 6 3 2 V 5 5 4 1.96 5 12 5 2 2 1 3 58 37 2. 31 2. 14 2. 24 2. 18 2. 19 2. 32 2. 32 1. 78 1.80 - 2 2 - 3 ~ - " 4 1 - - - - . " 1 D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . 4 M o s t w o r k e r s w e r e p a id o n an in c e n t iv e b a s is . 5 I n clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s i z e and ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a t e d . 13 13 23 8 12 - - - " - - 1 1 10 10 1 1 10 10 15 15 - 21 17 13 13 - 23 23 12 12 8 8 2 2 15 8 - 24 18 36 36 23 23 1 1 12 12 - 6 6 11 11 1 1 - - - " 1 1 - 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 17 17 9 9 - - _ _ 38 1 . " - ~ B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-1. Shift Differentials ( P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r s h i ft w o r k , a n d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a c t u a l l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , J u n e I 9 6 0 ) In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l T o t a l ________________________________________________________ W it h s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a c t u a l l y o p e r a tin g — S e c o n d s h ift w ork T h ir d o r o th e r s h ift w o r k S e c o n d s h ift 76. 3 65. 3 13. 4 2. 7 71. 1 65. 3 1 2 .7 2. 7 46. 1 34. 3 7 .7 1. 6 1. 5 1 5. 5 . 6 6. 1 1. 7 1 7 .8 - _ .4 2. 6 _______ ......... U n if o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _____________________________________ 4 c e n t s _________ __________________________ ______ ______________ 5 c e n t s _________________________________________________________ 6 o r 7 c e n t s ___________________________________________________ .......................... 8 cen ts 9 cen ts _ ._ ..... ........ . . . ... 10 c e n t s ______________________________ ______________________ I I V 3 c e n t s ____________________________________________________ 12 c e n t s ________________________________________________________ I 3 V 3 c e n t s ___________________ ____ ____________________________ 15 c e n t s _______________________________ _____ _____ __________ 7. 6 1. 5 - - 1. . 3. . - 3 3 1 _ ( 2) . 3 - - 1. 8. 2. 6. 5. 25. 0 31. 0 5. 0 1. 0 5 p e r c e n t ______________________________________________________ 10 p e r c e n t _ _ _ ___ . _ ... 1. 8 23. 2 _ . 8 4. 2 _ 1. 0 N o s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l _ ___________________________________ _____ 5. 3 U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ________________ ______ _____________________ 1 I n c l u d e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i ft s e v e n t h o u g h t h e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s . 2 L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t . 2. 9 7 8 9 1 T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift 6 3 1. 0 1 ( 2) . 1 . 1 . 8 . 3 .7 a n d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g la t e s h ifts 10 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D istrib u tion of esta b lish m e n ts studied in al in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by m inim um en tran ce sa la ry for s elec ted c a te g o r ie s of in ex p erien ced w om en o ffice w o rk ers, W o r cester, M a s s ., June I960) In exp erien ced ty p ists M anufacturing N onm anufacturing B ased on standard w eek ly h o u r s 3 of— M inim um w eek ly sa la ry 1 All schedules E stablishm ents studied ........... . E stablishm ents having a specified m in im u m _____________ Under $37. 50 _________________ _______________________ $ 37. 50 and under $ 40. 00 _ $40. 00 and under $42. 50 _____________________________ $42. 50 and under $45. 00 ___ _______________________ $45. 00 and under $47. 50 .... .......... $ 47. 50 and under $ 50. 00 __________________________ __ $ 50. 00 and under $ 52. 50 _____________________________ $ 52. 50 and under $ 55.00 _____________________________ $ 55.00 and under $ 57.50 _____________________________ $ 57.50 and over ___________________ _________________ E stablishm ents having no specified m inim um ____________ E stablishm ents which did not employ w orkers in this c a te g o ry __________________ ____________ ___________ , All schedules 40 84 44 1 1 9 9 7 1 8 2 2 4 14 50 26 _ _ 5 4 3 1 8 1 1 3 12 _ 4 4 3 1 8 1 3 XXX 26 12 XXX XXX 24 _ 34 18 1 1 4 5 4 - 1 1 1 2 14 1j.1J.UoLJLICO 37 V2 40 XXX 5 _ 1 _ 2 1 XXX 10 _ _ 4 2 2 O ther in ex p erien ced c le r ic a l w o rk ers 2 M anufacturing N onm anufacturing B ased on standard w eek ly h ours 3 of— All schedules All schedules 40 XXX 4 XXX 9 1 _ 2 1 _ - _ 4 2 2 _ 1 1 XXX 1 1 XXX 50 27 _ _ 7 3 3 2 7 2 1 2 14 XXX 4 XXX XXX XXX XXX 21 9 XXX 12 XXX XXX - - - - 34 18 1 2 4 5 5 40 84 45 1 2 11 8 8 2 7 2 1 3 18 - XXX 25 . _ 6 3 3 2 7 2 _ 2 37 1/2 - - _ 1 1 L ow est sa la ry rate form a lly e sta b lish e d for h irin g in ex p erien ced w o rk ers for typing or other c le r ic a l job s. 2 R ates ap plicab le to m e s s e n g e r s, o ffice g ir ls , or sim ila r su b cle r ic a l jobs a re not con sid ered . 3 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em p lo y e e s r e ce iv e th eir regu lar str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s. Data are p resen ted for a ll w orkw eeks com b in ed , and for the m o st com m on w orkw eeks rep orted . Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours (P ercen t d istrib u tion of office and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by sch ed u led w eekly hours of fir s t-s h ift w o r k e r s, W o r cester, M a ss., June I960) Weekly hours 3 2 3 4 Manufacturing All industries 3 100 OO All w o rk e rs ___________ _____________ _____________ Under 3 5 hours _______________________________________ 3 5 hours ________________________________ ____________ 36x/4 hours __________________________________ 3 6 3/4 hours ______________________________________________ 3 7 V 2 hours ______________________________________________ Over 3 7 l lz a n d under 4 0 hours _____ _____________ 4 -0 hours _________________________________________________ 4 4 hours __________________ _______________ ___________ 45, 48, or 5 0 hours __________________________________ PLANT WORKERS OFFICE W O RK ER S (4 ) (4 ) (4)- 1 13 1 12 1 13 (4 ) (4 ) 1 2 97 1 (4 ) Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 _ - _ 2 _ - - _ - - 31 69 " 1 - 1 2 3 64 5 4 2 - b 7 6 5 Includ es data for w h o lesa le trade; r eta il trade; finance, in su ra n ce, and rea l e sta te: and s e r v ic e s m addition to th ose industry d iv isio n s show n sep a ra tely . T ransportation , com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s. Includ es data for w h o lesa le trad e, r e ta il trad e, r e a l estate, and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose u io u stv . d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . L e ss than 0 .5 p ercen t. Public utilities2 100 - 11 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (P ercen t d istrib u tion of office and plant w ork ers in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by num ber of paid holidays provided annually, W o rcester, M a ss, , June I960) Item Oi i ICE WORKERS All industries * PLANT WORKERS Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All w orkers ________________________________ 100 100 10G 1GO 100 100 W orkers in establishm ents providing paid holidays _____________________________ W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid holidays __________________________ 100 100 100 95 98 100 5 2 2 2 Number off days holidays ___________ _______ ________ ___ — 5 holidays plus 1 half d a y ___________________ 5 holidays plus 2 half days _________________ 6 holidays ---- --------------------------------------------6 holidays plus 1 half d a y ___________________ 6 holidays plus 2 half days _________________ 7 holidays __________________________________ 7 holidays plus 1 half d a y ___________________ 7 holidays plus 2 half days ______________ 8 holidays __________________________________ 8 holidays plus 1 half d a y ________________ _ 8 holidays plus 2 half days ________ .________ 8 holidays plus 4 half days -------------------------9 holidays __________________________________ 10 h o lid ay s_________________________________ 10 holidays plus 1 half day _________________ 10 holidays plus 2 half days -----------------------5 (4) (4 ) 7 1 4 24 2 2 18 4 (4) 1 (4 ) 10 1 4 36 3 2 28 7 - - 13 - - 4 2 29 2 3 2 (4) 1 5 19 25 39 3 6 35 38 42 62 64 91 92 99 99 100 5 6 6 8 15 46 49 89 89 99 99 100 39 68 87 87 87 87 100 100 100 100 100 1 1 16 2 5 27 3 4 16 6 1 - 1 1 16 1 5 31 3 2 19 8 2 ~ 4 4 - - 6 3 - " - 23 - ~ 14 _ 62 “ Total holiday time5 11 days ------------------- -----------------------------------------lGVz or m ore days _______________ __________ 10 or m ore d a y s ____________________________ 9 or m ore days _________ _____ ____ ____ ___ 8 V2 or m ore d a y s _______________________ — 8 or m ore days _____________________________ l x!z or m ore days __________________________ 7 or m ore days __________________________ _ 6 V 2 or m ore days ___________________________ 6 or m ore days _____________________________ 5 V2 ° r m ore d a y s _______ ___________________ 5 or m ore days _____________________________ 1 2 3 4 5 no half - - 6 12 18 39 41 74 76 93 93 95 - 3 8 16 37 41 77 78 95 96 98 - 62 77 77 77 77 100 10G 100 100 100 Includ es data for w h o lesa le trade; r e ta il trade; fin an ce, in su rance, and rea l esta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . T ran sp ortation , com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s. Includ es data for w h o lesa le trad e, r e ta il trad e, re a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . L e ss than 0. 5 percen t. A ll com b ination s of fu ll and h alf days that add to the sam e am ount are com bined; for exam p le, the prop ortion of w ork ers r e ceiv in g a total of 7 days in clu d es th ose w ith 7 fu ll days and d ays, 6 fu ll days and 2 half days, 5 fu ll days and 4 half days, and so on, P rop ortion s w ere then cum ulated. 12 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Pe rcent distribution of office and plant w orkers in all in du stries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, W orcester, M ass. , June I960) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS V a c a t io n p o l i c y All industries^ A ll w o r k e r s ________________________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries ^ Manufacturing Public utilities 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 1 - 100 98 2 - 100 100 - 100 87 13 - 100 84 16 - 100 100 “ - “ " ' 3 67 ( 5) 19 4 61 1 24 _ 4 39 32 14 3 39 9 1 14 *3 10 90 11 89 32 68 79 1 20 88 1 11 24 76 4 2 95 4 2 94 13 87 57 10 33 64 11 24 1* 10 76 3 1 96 4 1 96 100 a.-3 13 44 47 16 37 14 86 1 96 1 99 100 6 2 89 5 2 93 M e th o d o f p a y m en t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s __________ ____________________ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t __________________________ O th e r -----------------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ___________________ __________ A m ount o f v a c a tio n ” p a y 4 A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________ ____________ 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________ ___ ____ 2 w eeks ___________ ___________________________ _ A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _ ___________________ ___ ________ ______ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _____________________ 2 w e e k s ________________________ _____ _____ ___ A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ___________________ _____ __________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w e e k s _____________________ ________________________ A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k __ __________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _ ___________________ 2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ _ A fte r 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ________________________ ______________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ____________, _________ 2 w e e k s _________________________ ____ _______________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________________ 3 weeks ____________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. 1 2 (5) _ - (5) 3 (5) _ - 100 “ 13 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued ^ P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , W o r c e s t e r M a s s . , J une I 9 6 0 ) V acation policy OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS All industries * Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing 1 80 4 14 1 1 89 5 5 - 58 42 " _ 6 1 76 5 10 1 5 1 83 6 4 " 57 43 1 19 1 79 1 1 25 1 73 _ 9 91 6 1 27 3 62 1 5 1 28. 3 63 “ _ 100 ' 1 10 86 3 1 11 - _ 9 66 25 6 1 19 (5) 69 _ 6 1 19 (5) 48 PuLlic utilities2 A m ount o f v o c a tio n p a y 4 — C on tinu ed A fter 10 y ears of service 1 w e e k _______ _____________________ ______ Over 1 and under 2 weeks __________________ 2 weeks ____________________________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________________ 3 weeks ____________________________________ 4 weeks ____________________________________ _ A fter 15 y ears of service 1 week ________________________________ ____ Over 1 and under 2 weeks _________________ 2 weeks ____ _______ _____________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________________ 3 w eeks ____________________________________ 4 weeks __ _________________________________ A fter 20 y ears of service 1 w e e k ________________________________ — Over 1 and under 2 weeks ---------- ------------2 weeks ____________________________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks _________________ 3 weeks -----------------------------------------------------4 weeks __ _________________________________ 88 " iI i 4 81 19 5 1 19 (5) 74 A fter 25 y ears of service 1 week ______ ___________ ___________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks _________________ 2 weeks ---------------- ------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks --------------------------3 weeks __ _________________________________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks ________ _______ 4 weeks ________________________________ __ 1 10 55 3 31 1 11 54 5 30 9 54 - 5 20 38 _ 71 5 1 19 (5) 49 6 19 29 1 Includes data for w holesale trade; reta il trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . 3 Includes data for w holesale trad e, retail trad e, real estate, and serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and d o n ot n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s . 5 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . N O T E : I n th e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n t o a n e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t im e , " s u c h a s a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y . e x a m p le , p ercen ta g e the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s in d ic a t e d o f a n n u a le a r n i n g s at 10 y e a r s ’ o r fla t -s u m p a y m e n ts, s e r v ic e w e re co n v e r te d 14 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f i t s , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , J u n e I 9 6 0 ) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W O RK ERS T y p e o f b e n e fit All industries A ll w o rk e r s __ _______________________ ______ _____ _ * 2 Manufacturing Public utilities All industries 100 100 100 94 96 74 87 91 90 69 75 74 64 69 90 90 69 97 86 100 47 82 76 87 85 90 57 79 79 100 4 - 19 96 96 87 15 88 68 68 68 25 68 3 83 83 70 22 70 .6 2 92 92 78 23 74 4 33 67 67 67 23 90 100 Manufacturing 100 Pu blic utilities 2 1 00 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g : L if e i n s u r a n c e ___ ____ __ ____ __________________ A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e _______________________________________ S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 4 ____________________ ____ _ S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e ________ S ic k l e a v e ( f u ll p a y a n d no w a it in g p e r i o d ) _ ____ ____________________ S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r w a it in g p e r i o d ) ____________________________ H o s p i t a l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ________ _________ S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e _____________________________ M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e _____________________________ C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e ________________________ R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n _______ ____ ______ ____ ____ N o h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s i o n p la n ___ 7 92 92 86 37 87 1 1 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . 3 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k le a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w . S i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d t o t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y the m in i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . I n f o r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n a n in d iv i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d . e s t a b l i s h a t le a s t 15 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to a s s is t its field staff in classify in g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to area. T his is essen tial in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. B ecause of this em phasis on interestablishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the B ureau's field econom ists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped w orkers, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary w orkers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statem ents, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typew riter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b illers, m achine, are classified by type of m achine, as follow s: Biller, machine (hilling machine)— U ses a sp ecial billing ma chine (Moon H opkins, E llio tt F ish er, Burroughs, etc ., which are combination typing and adding m achines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers* purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. U sually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and to tals which are autom atically accum ulated by m achine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) — U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrahd, E llio tt F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare custom ers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. G enerally in volves the sim ultaneous entry of figures on custom ers’ ledger rec ord. The machine autom atically accum ulates figures on a number of vertical columns and com putes and usually prints autom atically the debit or credit balan ces. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sa le s and credit slip s. O perates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E llio tt F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs, N ational C ash R egister, w ith or without a typew riter keyboard) to keep a record of b u sin ess tran sactio n s. Class A— Keeps a se t of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in b asic bookkeeping principles and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. D eterm ines proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated rep o rts, balance sh eets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or sectio n s of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of b asic book keeping- P h ases or sectio n s include accounts payable, payroll, custom ers’ accounts (not including a sim ple type of b illing described under biller, m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or a s s is t in preparation of tria l balances and prepare control sh eets for the accounting departm ent. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sectio n s of a com plete se t of books or records relating to one phase of an e sta b lish m ent's b usiness tran sactio n s. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 16 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued payable; exam ining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assig n ation s and allo catio n s. May a s s is t in preparing, ad justing and closing journal en tries; may direct c la ss B accounting clerks. Class B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting sim ple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher reg isters; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting sim ple co st accounting d ata. T his job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accou n t ing work is subdivided on a functional b asis among several w orkers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes w ages of company em ployees and enters the n e c e s sary data on the payroll sh e e ts. D uties involve: C alculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calcu lated data on payroll sh eet, showing inform ation such as w orker's name, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and to tal w ages due. May make out paychecks and a s s is t paym aster in making up and d istrib u t ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathem a tical com putations. T his job is not to be confused with that of s ta tis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tom eter but, in w hich, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance of other du ties. CLERK, FILE Class A— In an estab lish ed filing system containing a num ber of varied su bject m atter file s, c la ssifie s and indexes co rres pondence or other m aterial; may also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating m aterial in the file s. May per form incidental clerical d u ties. Class B— Perform s routine filing, usually of m aterial that h as already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or lo cates or a s s is ts in locating m aterial in file s. May perform incidental clerical d u ties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives cu sto m ers'o rd ers for m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. D uties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to custom ers; making out an order sh eet listin g the item s to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of item s on order sheet; distributing order sh eets to respective departm ents to be filled . May check with credit departm ent to determ ine credit ratiAg of custom er, acknowledge receipt of orders from custom ers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory resp o n si b ilitie s, reproduces m ultiple copies of typew ritten or handw ritten matter, using a Mimeograph or D itto m achine. Makes n ecessary adjustm ent such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare ste n c il or D itto m aster. May keep file of used ste n c ils or D itto m asters. May sort, co llate, and staple com pleted m aterial. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory resp o n si b ilities, records accounting and s ta tis tic a l data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a num erical keypunch m achine, following w ritten in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to m achine. May keep files of punch card s. May verify own work or work of others. O FFIC E BOY OR GIRL Perform s various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office m achines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. 17 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad m inistrative or executive position. D uties include making appointm ents for superior; receiving people coming into office; answ ering and making phone calls; handling personal and im portant or confidential m ail, and writing routine correspondence on own in itia tiv e ; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing m achine. May prepare sp ecial reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter. May also type from w ritten copy. May also se t up and keep files in or der, keep sim ple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-m achine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, involving a varied technical or sp ecialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter. May also type from w ritten copy. May also se t up and keep files in order, keep sim ple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR O perates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone sw itchboard. D uties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or office c a lls. May record toll calls and take m essag es. May give information to per sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptio nists see sw itchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type sw itchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular du ties. T his typing or clerical work may take the major part of this w orker's time w hile at sw itchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A— O perates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting m achines, typically including such m achines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignm ents without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The com plete reporting and tabulating assignm ents typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagram s and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-m achine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-m achine operators. Class B— O perates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting m achines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. T his work is performed under specific instructions and may include the perform ance of some wir ing from diagram s. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting ex ercise, a com plete but sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are w ell estab lish ed . May also include the training of new em ployees in the basic operation of the m achine. Class C— O perates sim ple tabulating or e lectrical account ing m achines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include sim ple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-m achine records. May also type from w ritten copy and do sim ple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or sp ecialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine is classified as a stenographer, general. 18 TYPIST TYPIST— Continued U ses a typew riter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of s te n c ils , m ats, or sim ilar m aterials for use in d uplicat ing p ro cesses. May do clerical work involving little sp ecial training, such as keeping sim ple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incom ing m ail. Class A— Perform s one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from sev eral sources or responsibility for correct spelling, sy llab icatio n , punc- tuation, e tc ., of tech n ical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of com plicated s ta tis tic a l tab les to m aintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying d etails to su it circum stances. Class B— Perform s one or more of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licies, etc.; settin g up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tab les already se t up and spaced properly. PR O FE S SIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (A ssistan t draftsm an) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by d rafts man or others for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing purposes. U ses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare draw ings from sim ple plans or sk etch es, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsm an. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER P lans and d irects activ ities of one or more draftsm en in prep aration of working plans and d etail draw ings from rough or prelim inary sketches for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing purposes. D uties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sk etch es, and written or verbal orders; determ ining work procedures; assig n in g duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problem s. May a s s is t subordinates during em ergencies or a s a regular assignm ent, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad m inistrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength of m aterials, beam s and tru sse s; verifying com pleted work, checking dim ensions, m aterials to be used, and q u an tities; w riting sp ecificatio n s; making adjustm ents or changes in drawings or sp ecificatio n s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil draw ings, prepare d etail units of com plete draw ings, or trace draw ings. Work is frequently in a sp ecialized field such as architectural, electrical, m echanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing serv ice to ill or injured em ployees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accid en t on the prem ises of a factory or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of p atients treated; preparing accident reports for com pensation or other purposes; conducting physical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environm ent, or other activ ities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of a ll personnel. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and d etail draw ings from n o tes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing pur p o ses. D uties involve a combination of the following: Preparing work ing plans, d etail draw ings, m aps, cro ss-sectio n s, e tc ., to scale by use of drafting instrum ents; making engineering com putations such as those TRACER Copies plans and draw ings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p en cil. U ses T -square, com pass, and other drafting too ls. May prepare sim ple draw ings and do sim ple lettering. 19 M A IN T E N A N C E D PO W ERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipm ent such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, sta irs, casin gs, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, m odels, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’s handtools, portable power tools, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work; selectin g m aterials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the m aintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. F ires stationary boilers to furnish the establishm ent in which employed with heat, power, or steam . F eeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks w ater and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a s s is t in repairing boilerroom equipm ent. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Perform s a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installatio n , m aintenance, or repair of equipm ent for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipm ent such as generators, transform ers, sw itchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transm ission equipm ent; working from blueprints, draw ings, lay out, or other sp ecificatio n s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipm ent; working standard com putations relating to load requirem ents of wiring or electrical equipm ent; using a variety of electrician ’s handtools and m easuring and testin g instrum ents. In gen eral, the work of the m aintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY O perates and m aintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (m echanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishm ent in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: O perating and m aintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipm ent, steam boilers and boiler-fed w ater pumps; making equipm ent repairs; keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consum ption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled m aintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of le sse r sk ill, such as keeping a worker supplied with m aterials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipm ent; a ssistin g worker by holding m aterials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-tim e b asis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling m achines in the construction of m achine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or d ies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing item s requiring com plicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision m easuring instrum ents; selectin g feeds, sp eed s, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustm ents during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to se le c t proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of m etal parts of m echanical equipment operated in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting w ritten instructions and sp ecific atio n s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma ch in ist’s handtools and precision m easuring instrum ents; settin g up and 20 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of m etal parts to close toler-* ances; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common m etals; selecting standard m aterials, p arts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assem bling parts into me chanical equipm ent. In general, the m achinist’s work normally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) R epairs autom obiles, buses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Examining autom otive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipm ent and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as w renches, gauges, d rills, or sp ecialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustm ents; alining w heels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the autom otive m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE R epairs machinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Examining m achines and m echan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dism antling or partly d is m antling m achines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a rep lace ment part by a m achine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing w ritten sp ecificatio n s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling ma chines; and making all n ecessary adjustm ents for operation. In general, the work of a m aintenance m echanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classificatio n are workers whose primary duties involve settin g up or adjusting m achines. MILLWRIGHT In stalls new m achines or heavy equipm ent and dism antles and in stalls m achines or heavy equipm ent when changes in the plant layout MILI >WRIGHT—-Continued are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other sp ecificatio n s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations re lating to stre sse s, strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipm ent; selectin g standard tools, equipm ent, and parts to be used; installin g and m aintaining in good order power transm ission equipm ent such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m ill w right’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER L ubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or w earing sur faces of m echanical equipm ent of an establishm ent. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE P aints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishm ent. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu lia rities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and in terstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the m aintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE In stalls or repairs w ater, steam , g as, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other w ritten sp ecificatio n s; cutting various siz e s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven m achines; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop com putations relating to p ressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making standard te s ts to determ ine whether finished pipes meet sp ecificatio n s. In general, the work of the m aintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. 21 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE K eeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installatio n of vents and traps in plumbing system ; in stallin g or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plum ber's snake. In general, the work of the m aintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE F ab ricates, in sta lls, and m aintains in good repair the sheetm etal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elv es, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-m etal m aintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal-w orking m achines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installin g sh eetm etal articles as required. In general, the work of the m aintenance sheet-m etal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) C onstructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and w ritten sp ecificatio n s; using a variety of tool and die m aker's handtools and precision m eas uring instrum ents, understanding of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; settin g up and operating of machine tools and related equipm ent; making necessary shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work, sp eed s, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required q u alities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assem bling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selectin g appropriate m aterials, tools, and p ro cesses. In general, the tool and die m aker's work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n . C U S T O D IA L AND M A T E R IA L M O VEM EN T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER T ransports passengers betw een floors of an office building, apartm ent house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ilar estab lish m en t. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. GUARD JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor m ainte nance serv ices; cleaning lavatories, show ers, and restroom s. Workers who sp ecialize in window w ashing are excluded. Perform s routine police d u ties, either at fixed post or on tour, m aintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary . Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress) C leans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or prem ises of an office, apartm ent house, or commercial (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or w arehouse helper) A worker employed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or more of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or 22 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; tran s porting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; w arehouse stockm an) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored m erchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slip s, customers* orders, or other instru ctio n s. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, req u isi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING P repares finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, siz e, and number of units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipm ent. Work requires the placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various item s of stock in order to verify content; selectio n of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent breakage or dam age; closing and sealing container; applying lab els or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK P repares m erchandise for shipm ent, or receiv es and is respon sible for incom ing shipm ents of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, p ractices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting w eight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a s s is t in preparing the m erchandise for shipm ent. Receiving work involves: V eri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipm ents ag ain st b ills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper de partm ents; m aintaining necessary records and file s. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER D rives a truck within a city or ind u strial area to transport ma terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or men betw een various types of estab lishm ents such as: M anufacturing p lants, freight depots, w arehouses, w holesale and retail establishm ents, or betw een retail establishm ents and customers* houses or places of b u sin ess. May also load or unload truck with or w ithout helpers, make minor m echanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on the b asis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons) Truckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER O perates a m anually controlled gaso lin e- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent. For wage study purposes, workers are c lassified by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property ag ain st fire, theft, and illeg al entry. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : I960 0 —559721 Occupational Wage Surveys O ccupational wage surveys are being conducted in 60 major labor markets during late 1959 and early I960. T hese b u lletin s, when av ailab le, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, W ashington 25, D .C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for all labor m arkets, combined with additional an aly sis, w ill be issu ed early in 1961. B ulletins for the areas listed below are now available. Allentown—Bethlehem —E aston, P a .—N .J., March I960— BLS Bull. 1265-33, price 25 cents Baltim ore, Md., September 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-7, price 15 cents Birmingham, A la., March i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-37, price 25 cents Boston, M ass., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-8, price 25 cents Buffalo, N.Y., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-4, price 20 cents M inneapolis—St. P aul, Minn., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-21, price 25 cents Newark and Jersey City, N .J., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-28, price 25 cents New O rleans, L a., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-32, price 25 cents New York, N.Y., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-44, price 25 cents Canton, Ohio, December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-10, price 25 cents C incinnati, Ohio—Ky., February i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-31, price 25 cents Cleveland, Ohio, September 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-1, price 20 cents D allas, T ex., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-3, price 20 cents Dayton, Ohio, December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-9, price 25 cents Philadelphia, P a ., November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-16, price 25 cents Phoenix, A riz., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-42, price 25 cents Pittsburgh, P a., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-20, price 25 cents Portland, Maine, November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-12, price 20 cen ts Providence, R .I. —M ass., March I960— BLS Bull. 1265-34, price 25 cents Richmond, V a., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-24, price 25 cents Denver, Colo., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-11, price 25 cents Des Moines, Iowa, February I960— BLS Buil. 1265-30, price 25 cents D etroit, Mich., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-25, price 20 cents Fort Worth, T ex., November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-13, price 25 cents Indianapolis, Ind., January i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-22, price 25 cents Jackson, M iss., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-26, price 25 cents Jacksonville, F la., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-14, price 25 cents St. L ouis, Mo., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-5, price 25 cents San Bernardino—R iverside—Ontario, C alif., November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-15, price 25 cents San F ran cisco —O akland, C alif., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-17, price 25 cents Seattle, Wash., August 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-2, price 25 cents K ansas C ity, Mo.—K ans., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-23, price 25 cents Los A n g eles—Long Beach, C alif., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-35, price 25 cents Memphis, T enn., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-19, price 25 cents Miami, F la., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-6, price 20 cents Milwaukee, Wis., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-43, price 25 cents Sioux F a lls, S. D ak., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-29, price 20 cents South Bend, Ind., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-38, price 25 cents Washington, D .C .—Md.—V a., December 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-18, price 25 cents Waterbury, Conn., March i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-36, price 25 cents York, P a., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-27, price 25 cen ts