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Occupational Wage Survey
WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS
June 1960

Bu letin No. 1265-52




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner




B ureau of Labor Statistics R egional O ffices

Occupational Wage Survey




Worcester, Massachusetts
June 1960

Bulletin No. 1265-52
July 1960

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C.

Price 25 cents




P reface

C ontents
P age

The C om m u n ity W age S u rvey P r o g r a m
The B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s r e g u la r ly con d u cts
a rea w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n u m ber o f im p orta n t in d u stria l
c e n t e r s . The stu d ie s, m ade fr o m late fa ll to e a r ly s p rin g ,
r e la te to o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d su p p lem en ta ry
b e n e fits . A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n
o f the study in ea ch a r e a , u su a lly in the m onth fo llo w in g
the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied . T h is b u lletin p r o v id e s a d dition a l
data not in clu d ed in the e a r lie r r e p o r t .
A c o n s o lid a te d
a n a ly tica l b u lletin su m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f all o f the
y e a r 's s u r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le tio n o f the fin a l a r e a
b u lletin fo r the c u r r e n t round o f s u r v e y s .
T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e ­
g ion a l o ffic e in B o s to n , M a s s ., b y L e o E p s te in , under the
d ir e c tio n o f P au l V . M u lk ern , R e g io n a l W age and In d u s­
t r ia l R e la tio n s A n a ly s t.




I n t r o d u c t io n __________________________________________________________________

1

T a b le s :
1.

E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y ____________

2

A:

O ccu p a tion a l e a r n in g s: *
A - 1.
O ffic e o ccu p a tio n s ___________________________________________
A -2 .
P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s __________________
A - 3 . M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c cu p a tio n s _________________
A -4 .
C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c cu p a tio n s ___________

4
6
7
8

B:

E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry
w age p r o v is io n s : *
B -l.
Sh ift d iffe r e n tia ls ---------------------------------------------B - 2 . M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en
o ffic e w o r k e r s ____________________________________ :__________
B -3 .
S ch ed u led w eek ly h ou rs _____________________________________
B -4 .
P a id h o lid a y s ________________________________________________
B -5 .
P a id v a ca tio n s _______________________________________________
B -6 .
H ealth , in s u r a n ce , and p en sion plans ____________________

A pp en dix:

O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip tio n s _____________________________________

* N O T E : S im ila r tabu lation s f o r th ese and oth er item s
a re
a v a ila b le in the r e p o r t s fo r s u r v e y s in o th e r m a jo r
a r e a s . A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date o f study and the p r ic e
o f the r e p o r t s is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t.
A c u r r e n t r e p o r t on o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and
su p p lem en ta ry w age p r a c t ic e s in the W o r c e s t e r a r e a is
a ls o a v a ila b le fo r the m a ch in e ry in d u str ie s (Janu ary I9 6 0 ).
Union s c a l e s , in d ica tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay l e v e ls , are a ls o
a v a ila b le f o r se v e n b u ildin g tr a d e s .

iii

9
10
10
11
12
14
15




O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u rv ey —W o rcester, M a ssa c h u se tts
Introduction

T his area is one of se v e r a l im portant in d u strial cen ters in
which the U .S . D epartm ent of L a b o r's B ureau of Labor S ta tistic s has
conducted su rv ey s of occupational earn in gs and related wage b en efits
on an areaw ide b a s is . In this area, data w ere obtained by p erson al
v is its of B ureau field eco n o m ists to rep resen tative estab lish m en ts
w ithin six broad industry d ivision s: M anufacturing; tra n sp o r ta tio n ,1
com m u nication, and other public u tilities; w h olesale trade; reta il
trade; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor in ­
dustry groups excluded from th ese stu d ies are governm ent op erations
and the con stru ction and ex tractive in d u stries. E stab lish m en ts having
few er than a p rescrib ed num ber of w ork ers are om itted a lso b ecau se
they furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w a r­
rant in clu sion . W herever p o ssib le, sep arate tabulations are provided
for each of the broad industry d iv isio n s.
T h ese su rveys are conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecau se of the
u n n ecessa ry c o st involved in su rveyin g a ll esta b lish m en ts. To obtain
appropriate accu racy at m inim um c o st, a g reater proportion of large
than of sm a ll estab lish m en ts is studied. In com bining the data, how ­
ever, a ll estab lish m en ts are given their appropriate w eight. E stim a tes
b ased on the estab lish m en ts studied are p resen ted , th erefo re, as r e ­
latin g to a ll esta b lish m en ts in the industry grouping and area, e x ­
cep t for those below the m inim um s iz e studied.
O ccupations and E arnings
The occupations selec te d for study are com m on to a variety
of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing in d u stries. O ccupational c la s ­
sifica tio n is b ased on a uniform se t of job d escrip tion s d esigned to
take account of in terestab lish m en t variation in duties w ithin the sam e
job. (See appendix for listin g of th ese d escr ip tio n s.) E arnings data are
p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) for the follow ing types of occu p a­
tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p ro fessio n a l and techn ical; (c) m ain te­
nance and pow er plant; and (d) cu stod ial and m aterial m ovem ent.
O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for
fu ll-tim e w o rk ers, i. e . , those h ired to work a regu lar w eekly sch ed ­
ule in the given occupational c la ssific a tio n . E arnings data exclude
prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eeken ds, h olid a ys, and

late sh ifts. N onproduction b on u ses are excluded a lso , but c o st-o fliving bonuses and in cen tive earn in gs are inclu ded. W here w eekly
hours are reported, as for o ffice c le r ic a l occu p ation s, referen ce is
to the work sch ed u les (rounded to the n e a r e st half hour) for which
stra ig h t-tim e sa la r ie s are paid; average w eekly earn in gs for th ese
occupations have been rounded to the n ea rest half d olla r.
A verage earnin gs of m en and w om en are p resen ted sep arately
for selec te d occupations in which both se x e s are com m only em p loyed .
D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls of m en and w om en in th ese occupations are
la rg ely due to (l) d ifferen ces in the d istrib u tion of the se x e s am ong
in d u stries and estab lish m en ts; (2) d ifferen ces in sp ecific duties p er­
form ed, although the occupations are appropriately c la ss ifie d w ithin
the sam e su rvey job d escrip tion ; and (3) d ifferen ces in length of s e r v ­
ice or m erit review when individual sa la r ie s are adjusted on this b asis.
L onger average se r v ic e of m en w ould r e su lt in higher average pay
when both se x e s are em ployed w ithin the sam e rate range. Job
d escrip tion s used in c la ssify in g em p lo yees in th ese su rv ey s are u su ­
ally m ore gen era lized than those used in individual esta b lish m en ts to
allow for m inor d ifferen ces am ong estab lish m en ts in sp ecific duties
p erform ed.
O ccupational em ploym ent e stim a tes rep resen t the total in all
estab lish m en ts within the scop e of the study and not the num ber actu ­
ally su rveyed . B ecau se of d ifferen ces in occupational stru ctu re am ong
esta b lish m en ts, the e stim a tes of occupational em ploym ent obtained
from the sam ple of esta b lish m en ts studied serv e only to indicate the
rela tiv e im portance of the jobs stu died. T h ese d ifferen ces in o ccu ­
pational stru ctu re do not m a teria lly affect the accu racy of the ea rn ­
ings data.

E stab lish m en t P r a c tic e s and Supplem entary Wage P ro v isio n s
Inform ation is p resen ted a lso (in the B -s e r ie s tab les) on s e ­
lected estab lish m en t p ra ctices and supplem entary b en efits as they r e ­
late to o ffice and plant w o rk ers. The term "offite w o rk ers, " as used
in this bu lletin , inclu d es w orking su p er v iso rs and n on su p ervisory
w orkers perform ing c le r ic a l or related fu n ction s, and ex clu d es adm in­
istr a tiv e , ex ecu tiv e, and p ro fessio n a l p erso n n el. "Plant w ork ers" in ­
clude w orking forem en and all n on su p ervisory w ork ers (including lea d 1
R ailroad s, fo rm erly excluded from the scop e of th ese stu d ies,m en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice fu n ction s. A d m in istrative,
ex ecu tiv e, and p ro fessio n a l em p lo y ees, and fo rce-a cco u n t con stru ction
have been added in n ea rly a ll of the area s to be studied during the
em p lo yees who are u tilized as a sep arate work force are exclu d ed .
w in ter of 1959-60; ra ilroad s w ill be added in the rem aining a rea s n ext
y e a r . F o r scope of su rvey in this a rea, se e footnote to "transporta­
C afeteria w ork ers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in d u s­
tion, com m u nication, and other public u tilities" in table 1.
tries, but are included as plant w ork ers in nonm anufacturing in d u stries.




2




T a b le 1.

E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d ie d in W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ., 1 b y m a j o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , 2 J u n e i9 6 0

In d u stry d iv is io n

A l l d i v i s i o n s . ....

.

M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________________ __________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________________________
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and
o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 5
.......
W h o l e s a le t r a d e
.. _ .
_ _.
.
R e t a i l t r a d e ______________________________________ „_______
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te
.. ..
S e r v ic e s 7
... . .

M in im u m
e m p l o y m e nt
in e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f stu d y

N u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s
W ith in s c o p e
o f s tu d y 3

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
W it h in s c o p e o f stu d y

S t u d ie d

S tu d ie d
T o ta l4

O ffic e

P la nt

T o ta l4

51

246

84

60, 2 00

9 ,8 00

43, 200

38, 930

51
51

161
85

50
34

4 6, 500
1 3 ,7 0 0

6, 0 0 0
3, 8 0 0

35, 600
7, 600

3 0, 5 1 0
8 ,4 2 0

51
51
51
51
51

13
11
41
15
5

8
4
12
7
3

3, 1 0 0
900
5, 600
3, 600
500

500
(6)
(‘ )

2, 200
(6)
( 6)

(!)
(6 )

(!)
(6 )

2, 550
400
2, 370
2, 690
410

1 T h e W o r c e s t e r M e t r o p o lit a n A r e a ( W o r c e s t e r C ity ; A u b u rn , B e r lin ,
B o y l s t o n , B r o o k f i e l d , E a s t B r o o k f i e l d , G r a f t o n , H o ld e n , L e i c e s t e r , M i l l b u r y , N o r t h b o r o u g h ,
N o r t h b r id g e , N o r t h B r o o k f i e l d , O x f o r d , S h r e w s b u r y , S p e n c e r , S u tto n , U p to n ,
W e s t b o r o u g h , a n d W e s t B o y l s t o n t o w n s in W o r c e s t e r C o u n t y , M a s s . ).
T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in
s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y . T h e e s t i m a t e s
a r e n o t in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( l ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s
r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a ta c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
2 The
1957 r e v i s e d e d i t i o n o f the S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . M a j o r c h a n g e s f r o m th e e a r l i e r
e d it io n
(u s e d in th e B u r e a u ’ s l a b o r m a r k e t w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m p r i o r t o th e w in t e r o f 1 9 5 8 - 5 9 ) a r e th e t r a n s f e r o f m i l k p a s t e u r i z a t i o n p la n t s a n d r e a d y - m i x e d c o n c r e t e
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s f r o m t r a d e (w h o l e s a l e o r r e t a i l ) to m a n u fa c t u r i n g , a n d th e t r a n s f e r o f r a d i o a n d t e l e v i s i o n b r o a d c a s t i n g f r o m s e r v i c e s t o th e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n ,
a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s d i v i s i o n .
3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m - s i z e li m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e ,
fin a n c e , a u to r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o t io n - p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t.
4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e o f f i c e a n d p la n t c a t e g o r i e s .
5 R a i l r o a d s w e r e in c l u d e d ; t a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s in c i d e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d .
6 T h is i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A a n d B t a b l e s , a lt h o u g h c o v e r a g e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t t o
ju s t if y s e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta .
7 H o t e l s ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r s h o p s ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r , h ip o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; a n d e n g i n e e r i n g a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .

3

The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al arra n g e­
m en ts, excluding inform al plans w hereby tim e off with pay is granted
at the d iscretio n of the em p lo yer. Separate e stim a tes are provided
accord ing to em p loyer p ractice in com puting vacation paym ents, such
as tim e paym ents, p ercen t of annual ea rn in gs, or fla t-su m am ou n ts.
H ow ever, in the tabulations of vacation a llow an ces, paym ents not on
a tim e b a sis w ere converted; for exam p le, a paym ent of 2 p ercen t of
annual earn ings w as co n sid ered as the equ ivalent of 1 w e e k 's pay.

Data a r e presen ted for all h ealth , in su ran ce, and pen: ion
plans for which at le a s t a p a rt of the c o st is borne by the em p lo yer,
excepting only leg a l req u irem en ts such as w ork m en 's com p en sation
and so cia l secu r ity . Such plans include th ose underw ritten by a co m ­
m er cia l in su ran ce com pany and th ose provided through a union fund or
paid d irectly by the em p loyer out of cu rren t operating funds or from
a fund s e t asid e for this pu rp ose. Death b en efits are included as a
form of life in su ran ce.
S ick n ess and accid en t in su ran ce is lim ited to that type of in ­
surance under which p red eterm in ed ca sh paym ents are m ade d irectly
to the in sured on a w eekly or m onthly b a sis during illn e s s or accid en t
d isa b ility . Inform ation is p resen ted for all such plans to which the
em p loyer co n trib u tes. H ow ever, in New York and New J e r se y , which
have enacted tem porary d isa b ility in su ran ce law s w hich require e m ­
ployer con trib u tion s , 4 plans are included only if the em p loyer ( 1 ) co n ­
tributes m ore than is le g a lly req u ired , or (2 ) provid es the em ployee
with b en efits w hich ex ceed the req u irem en ts of the law . Tabulations
of paid sic k -le a v e plans are lim ited to form al p la n s 5 w hich provide
full pay or a proportion of the w o rk er's pay during ab sen ce from work
b ecau se of illn e s s . Sep arate tabulations are provided accord ing to
(l) plans which provide fu ll pay and no w aiting p eriod, and ( 2 ) plans
providing eith er partial pay or a w aiting period. In addition to the
p resen tation of the proportions o f w ork ers who are provided sick n e ss
and accid en t insuran ce or paid sick le a v e , an unduplicated total is
shown of w ork ers who re ceiv e eith er or both types of b en efits.
C atastrophe in su ran ce, so m etim es re fe rre d to as .exten d ed
m ed ical in su ran ce, inclu d es those plans which are d esign ed to p rotect
em p lo yees in c a se of sick n e ss and injury involving ex p en ses beyond
the norm al co vera ge of h o sp italiza tio n , m ed ic a l, and su rg ica l p lan s.
M edical in su ran ce re fe r s to plans providing for com p lete or partial
paym ent of d o c to r s 1 fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by c o m m e r­
cia l insu ran ce com p anies or nonprofit organ ization s or they m ay be
s e lf-in su r e d . T abulations of retirem en t pen sion plans are lim ited to
those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem ain d er of the
w o r k e r 's life .

2 An estab lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a policy if it m et
eith er of the follow ing conditions: (1) O perated late sh ifts at the tim e
of the su rv ey , or (2 ) had form al p ro vision s coverin g late sh ifts.
3 Scheduled w eekly hours for office w ork ers (fir st sectio n of
table B -3 ) in su rveys m ade p rior to late 1957 and ea rly 1958 w ere
p resen ted in term s of the proportion of w om en office w ork ers e m ­
ployed in o ffices w ith the indicated w eek ly hours for w om en w o rk ers.

4 The tem porary d isa b ility law s in C aliforn ia and Rhode Island
do not req u ire em p lo yer con trib u tion s.
5 An esta b lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a form al plan if
it esta b lish ed at le a st the m inim um num ber of days of sick lea ve that
could be exp ected by each em p lo y ee. Such a plan need not be W ritten,
but inform al s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n ces, d eterm in ed on an individual b a s is ,
w ere excluded .

Shift d ifferen tial data (table B - l) are lim ited to m anufacturing
in d u stries. T his inform ation is p resen ted both in term s of (a) esta b ­
lish m en t p olicy, 2 p resen ted in term s of total plant w orker em p lo y­
m ent, and (b) effectiv e p ra ctice, p resen ted on the b a sis of w orkers
actu ally em ployed on the sp ecified sh ift at the tim e of the su rvey.
In estab lish m en ts having varied d ifferen tia ls, the am ount applying to
a m ajority w as used o r, if no am ount applied to a m ajority, the c la s ­
sifica tio n "other” was u sed . In esta b lish m en ts in w hich som e la te sh ift hours are paid at norm al r a te s, a d ifferen tial was record ed only
if it applied to a m ajority of the sh ift h ou rs.
M inim um entrance ra tes (table B -2 ) relate only to the esta b ­
lish m en ts v isite d . T hey are p resen ted on an estab lish m en t, rather
than on an em ploym ent b a s is . P aid holidays; paid vacations; and
h ealth , in su ran ce, and pension plans are treated sta tistic a lly on the
b a sis that th ese are applicable to a ll plant or office w ork ers if a m a ­
jority of such w ork ers are elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify for the
p ra ctices liste d . Scheduled hours are treated sta tistic a lly on the b a sis
that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w ork ers if a m ajority
are c o v ere d . 3 B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s in these
tabulations m ay not equal to ta ls.
The fir s t part of the paid holidays table p resen ts the num ­
b er of whole and half holidays actually provided. The secon d part
com b in es w hole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e .




4

A* Occupational Earnings
Table A -l. Office Occupations
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June I9 6 0 )

Sex, occupation, and industry division
Men
Clerks, order __ _ . ___..... ....
M anufacturing__
____
Office boys __________ ___ _______________________
M anufacturing__
Tabulating-machine operators, class A ____________
Tabulating-machine operators, class B __ ^________
Women
B illers, machine (hilling machine)
Manufacturing __________________________________
Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A __________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B __________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ................................................ ...........
Clerks, accounting, class A ----------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________
Clerks, accounting, class B ----------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------ ------------------------Nonmanufacturing _____________________________
Clerks, file, class A ______________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Clerks, file, class B ______________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________________________
Clerks, order _____________________________________________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________________________________
Clerks, payroll ___________________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________
Comptometer operators ___________________________
Manufacturing ________________________________________________________
Duplicating-machine operators
(Mimeograph or Ditto) _______________________________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________________________________
Keypunch o p e ra to rs _______________________________________________________
Manufacturing ________________________________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________________________
S ee fo o t n o t e at end o f ta b le .




Number
of
workers

Average
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O F—
$ 00 $40. 00 $45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 $60. 00 $65. 00 $70. 00 $75. 00 $80. 00 $85. 00 §0. 00 $95. 00 ?CC.00 ?C5.CC flO.OO f 15.00 f 2 O.CC
35.
Weekly,
Weekly
j
and
earnings under
hours (Standard)
(Standard)
40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. oo 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00

72
69
28
22
19
26

40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
39. 0
39. 0

$93.00
T O o .49, 00
"50.50"
92,50
78. 50

_
3
_
.

_
6
6
_
.

_
10
8
_
.

_
4
4
_
.

_
2
2
_
1

44
22
65
47
144
48
96
206
129
77
281
139
142
45
20
152
72
80
92
89
211
153
58
96
69

38. 5
40. 0
39. 5
39.5
39. 0
39.5
39. G
39. 0
40. 0
37. 5
39.5
40. 0
38. 5
38. 5
40. 0
39. 0
40. 0
38. C
40. 0
40. 0
39. 5
40. 0
38. 0
39. 0
39. 0

59. 50
50
70. 50
73. 50
56. 50
64. 50
52. 50
82. 00
90. 00
69. 00
63. 00
6 2 . 5o
63. 50
66. 50
78. 50
51.00
53.50
48. 50
70. 50
71.00
66. 50
68. 50
61.50
65. 50
68. 00

2
"
_
1
1
"
_
"

10
1
1
3
3
_
3
3
-

1
1
2
1
27
27
"
21
13
8

9
3
4
4
38
15
23
4
-

_

_

_

_
*
_

23
5
18
1

57
20
37
1

-

-

-

_
*

"

1
1
4
1
31
31
2
2
44
19
25
12
33
19
14
12
12
24
15

30
27
191
98
93

40. 0
40. 0
39. 0
40. 0
37. 5

57. 50
57. 00
58. 50
63. 50
53. 00

"

_

_

5
5
5

-

-

-

-

1
1
1
1

3
3
37
2
35

7
6

-

9
6

40

I

d

24

4

27
14
13
9
2
19
11
8
8
8
27
20
7
23
22
4
4

33
13

25

11
7
11 ---1
1
1
_
_
_
6
7
3
6
"
17
12
5
19
1
18
36
19
17
5
1
13
10
3
27
26
46
26
20
15
13
10
10
43
26
17

_
14
9
16
11
5
27
10
17
73
31
42
_

4
4

5
3
_
4
8
6
------ 5“
19
16
3
2
1
40
17
23
54
26
28
6
5

_
_
1
2

10
10
_
4
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
_
*
_
_

5
6
5 ------ 6“
_
_
3
1
1
6

_
-

4
4
3
3
7
7

_
1
1
1
1
10
6

_
1
1
17
16
1
5
5

_
4
4
8
4

_
_

_
3
2
1
_
-

_
47
47
-

_
-

_

_

-

7
7

4
4
6
6
_
8
8
_
_

_

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

_

_

-

-

-

21
18
3
13
8
5
6
1
1

4

5
1
4
2
2

"

_
-

-

-

3
3
42
31
11
14
2

15
15
30
29
1
20
19

5
5
12
9
3
6
6

2
2

3
2
11

2
1

-

9

9
2

1

1
1

8

9

8
1
1
1

7,
7
10
9
1

4

_

-

3
3
1
1

"

1
1
"

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

2

S

2

8

6
------ 6

_

-

_
-

_
_

-

4

4
-

4
4
_
_
.

_
_
5
.

22
22
_
_
.

_
_
_

_
_
"
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
"

-

_
-

_
-

_

_

_

-

_
_

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

_

8
8

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

"

-

-

-

_
-

-

_
-

-

-

_

"

-

-

"

-

-

_
-

_
-

5
Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , ‘ June I96 0 )

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—
Average
$115.00 $120.00
$35. 00 $40 00 $45. 00 $50 . 00 *55. 00 $60. 00 $65 . 00 $70. 00 $75 . 00 $80. 00 $85. 00 $90. 00 $95.00 100.00
$
$
$
105.00
110.00
Weekly
Weekly
.
hours 1 (Standard)
earnings 1 under
and
(Standard)
40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55 . 00 60 . 00 65. 00 70 . 00 75. 00 80 . 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00

Women— Continued
38.5 $50. 50
40. 0 52. 00

-

3
3

14
-

27
21

6
5

-

S ec re ta ries_______________________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________

360 ' 39.5 82. 00
273 40. C 84. 00
87 38. O' 76.00

_
-

_
-

.
-

1
1

16
10
6

26
12
14

Stenographers, g en eral____________________________
Manufacturing ________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________

294
202
92

39.5 66. 50
40. 0 68. 50
38. 5 62. 00

_

_

_

-

11
5
6

77
38
39

Switchboard operators __________________________^__
Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________

60
26
34

39. 0 62. 50
40. 0 67. 00
38. 0 58. 50

5
5

5
5

Switchboard o perator-receptionists________________
Manufacturing ________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________

114
86
28

40. 0 61.00
40. 5 62. 00
39. 0 58. 50

_

Tabulating-machine operators, class B ____________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________

56
41
15

39.5 75. 00
40. 0 77. 50
38. 0 66.50

29
23
6
_

Transcribing-m achine operators, g en eral__________
M anufacturing---------------- -------------------------------Typists, class A ___________________________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________
Nonmanufacturing ___________ _________________

91
49
171
98
73

38. 0 61. 00
40. 0 65. 00
39. 0 64. 00
40. 0 65. 50
38. 0 62. 50

Typists, class B __________________________________
Manufacturing _______________________ _________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________

275
199
76

39. 5 55. 00
40. 0 55,'S'O
37. 5 53. 50

Office g ir ls _______________________________________
Manufacturing __________________________________

50
29

_
-

6
6

-

-

“

"

"

26
15
11

51
45
6

43
28
15

52
44
8

40
32
8

27
25
2

70
51
19

50
41
9

43
34
9

15
5
10

6
6

_

9
7
2

10
5
5

4
3
1

12
7
5

4
2
2

35
22
13
_
"
4
1
3

22
22
"
1
1

15
11
4

21
21

1
1

8
5
3

4
4

-

_

_

-

4
4

9
1
8

15
13
2

18
17
1

3
3

24
16

5

13
11
8
7
1

-

_

-

-

_
-

_

-

2
2
_
-

-

32
20
12
_
-

-

-

-

~

-

_

_

4

18

22

-

-

-

2

_

_
-

-

-

-

_
-

6

~T~

11
11

18
11
7

13
31
23
8

51
29
22

78
57
21

75
59
16

2

26
24

26
11
15

56
39
17

~T~

5l

6

1
1

2
2

.

-

_

"

4
3
1

_
-

1
1

-

~

“

14
12
2
_
"
_
-

13
12
1
_
"
_
~
_
-

7
7
"
_
-

6
6

-

"

_

_

~
_

_
"
_

.
3
3
"
_
-

-

_
-

_

_

-

2
2

"

-

"

3
3

4
4

_

_

_

_

_

_
_

-

-

-

-

"

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

"

-

-

"

6
6

_

-

_

-

_

_

"

-

-

_
-

_

_

_

_

1
1

_

-

2
2

6
6
-

_

-

S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s .




_
-

-

“

11
11

-

~

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

_
-

_
-

6

Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June I96 0 )
Average

Sex, occupation, and industry division

of

workers

N U M B ER OF W O RK ER S R E CE IVIN G ST R A IG H T-TIM E W EEKLY EA RN IN G S OF

60.and00
under
65. 00
$

Number
Weekly,

hours

(Standard)

Weekly ,
earnings
(Standard)

*
$110.00 115.00
$
$
$125.00 $130.00 $135.00 140.00 145.00 $150.00 $
*
IS
65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 $8 0 . 00 85. 00 *9 0 . oo $95.00 $100.00 105.00
120.00
155.00 116O.0
ojl 65. Oo
j
and
70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 160.00>165.0o: over

$

i

Men

!

!

Draftsmen, leader __________________
Manufacturing ____________________

48
48

Draftsmen, senior __________________
Manufacturing _____________ ______

324
318

40. 0
40. 0

117.50
117.50

Draftsmen, ju n io r___________________
Manufacturing ____________________

255
249

40. 0
40. 0

84. 00
84. 00

40. 0 $142.50
40. 0 142.50

.

_

;
1

■

'

6
6

15
1 15
i

.

!1

57

52

39.5
40. 0

|

-

1

1

“

-

1
1I 6f

1
I
1
I
30
| 59
29
29 58
29
1

Women
Nurses, industrial ( r e g i s t e r e d ) _________
Manufacturing __________________ _

i

;

-

“

-

8
8

9
9

12
11

23
22

43
40

18
18

■

1
|

4
4

1

.
1

J

I

33
28

19
19

33
33

40
40

24
24

5
5

1
1

2
2

51
51

6
*>

41
41
-

~

8
8

4
4

5
5

11
11

"

5
5

38
38

15
15

9
9

7
7

1
1

2
2

"

"

"

-

_

_

.

■

_

_

I

86. 50
86. 00

.

:

4
4

I

5
5

1

i

!

12 1 11
1 U

9

1______

6
5

4

3

8
8

i

j

2

3

.

_

4
4

.

.

1______ i

1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a la r i e s and th e e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 A l l w o r k e r s at $ 1 7 0 to $ 1 7 5 .




.

“

1

25
5

.

"

- |
.
1

!
-

i

_
_

|
i

_

Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(Average straight-tim e hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, W orcester, Mass. , June I960)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1.80 %1. 90 $ 2. 0 C $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 >$ 2. 3c $ 2. 4c ji $ 2. 50 $2. 60 ! $2. 7 _ ! $2.8c ”l| T>2. 90 ’$ 3. oo ~!; $ 3. lc ! * 3. 2c
Average
hourly
j
Under
earnings $
and
and
under
1. 60
3. 10 __ 3. 2c over
1. 70 1 .8b 1.90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 3c 2^4 c_ 2. 5c_ 2. 60 2. 7c 2. 80 2. 9o 3. 00

Occupation and industry division

Number
of
workers

Carpenters, maintenance _ ---------------------------Manufacturing ____________________________

120
114

$2. 39
2. 36

Electricians, m aintenance____________________
Manufacturing _____________________________

200
191

2. 7b
2. 77

_

Engineers, statio nary ________________________
Manufacturing _____________________________

49
47

2. 56
2. 57

_

Firem en, stationary b o ile r___________________
Manufacturing ___________________________

107
97

2. 21
2. 20

Helpers, trades, m aintenance________________
Manufacturing ___________________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Public utilities 2 _______________________

ICG
72
28
25

1. 97
1. 95
2. c5
2. 06

Machine-tool operators, toolroom ____________
Manufacturing _____________________________

165
165

2. 33
2. 33

2
2
_
“
_

M achinists, m aintenance____________________
Manufacturing _____________________________

227
225

2. 68
2. 68

_

Mechanics, automotive ^maintenance)_________
Manufacturing ____________________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Public utilities 2 _________________ ______

90
22
68
62

2. 36
2. 53
2. 31
2. 31

Mechanics, maintenance ________________ _____
Manufacturing ___ _______________________

167
157

2. 52
2. 51

M illw rights__________________________________
Manufacturing ____________________________

54
52

2. 62
2. 63

O ile rs______________________________________
Manufacturing _____________________________

67
63

2. 20
2. 18

Painters, m aintenance_______________________
Manufacturing ____________________________

35
31

2. 47
2. 47

Pipefitters, m aintenance-------------------------------Manufacturing ___________________________

89
87

2. 66
2. 66

Tool and die m ak e rs__________________________
Manufacturing _____________________________

232
232

2. 62
2. 62

_
"
_
"
_
2
2
_
"
.
"
_

~
1
"
_
-

_
_
3
3

i-.
~

12
12
_

21
21
_

_
"
1
1

_

_

_
_

_
.
"
_
.
_

_
-

_
5

5
.
_

1
1
1
_
"
22
22
6
3
3
3
13
13
6
6
_
“
5
5
_
2
2
_
5
5
_

11
11
_
10
1C

10
10

6
6

33
33

4
4

19
18

2
1

4
4
_

2
2

28
27
_

11
10

2
2

4
4

4
4

20
20

4
4

2
2
31
31

33
16
17
14

10
5
5
5

4
1
3
3

11
11

4
4

10
10
"
10
10

6
6
_
-

7
7
_
-

4
4

12
12

2
_
7
7

22
22

10
10
9
8
7

2
2

1
1

12
12

5
5

1
1

2
2
_
_

_

1
1

Excludes prem ium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.




3
3

77 !

28 !
28 ! 19
19 J

2
2

1

2

16
16
_
-

28
20

21
21

31
31

10
10

4
4
_
_
"
13
13

25
25

8
7

27
27

16
16

10
29
5
1
24
9
24 ! 9
11
7
10
7

11
2
9
8

15
2
13
10

12
lo
2
2

17
17

18
18

13
13

8
8
_
"
15
15

1

10
10
_
4
2

5
5

6
5

5
5

11
11
_
"
_
“
15
15

39
39

15
15

47
47

6
5

6

1
1

6

29
29
5
5

5

6

1
1

3
2

5
5

1

11
11

10
10
1

11
11

5
4
4

2
2
-

_
_
3
3

1
1
_
“
4
4

8
8

9 ! 43
9
l 43
J_______

15
14

4
3

2
2

38
34
_
"
_
"
_
“
18
18

16
16
_
"
_
"
_

51
51

9
9
_
~
39
39

2
2
"
10
4

_

13
13
_

_

_

4
4

37
37
24
24

j

2
2

i

i 52
| 52
2
2
_
"
- !
|
_
48
47
_
_
_
_
7
7
_
6 1
6

_
5
5
_
"
_
“
_
_
_
_
.
“
2
2
_
22
22

3
"
5
5
_
_
"
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
"
_
_
*
6

8

Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June I96 0 )

Occupation1 and industry division

Number
of
workers

Elevator operators, passenger ^wom en)_______
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Guards -------------------------- -------------------------Manufacturing _____________________________
Janitors, porters, and cleaners \m en)_______
Manufacturing _____________ ______________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Public utilities 3 ______________________
Janitors, porters, and cleaners vwomen) _____
Manufacturing _____________________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Laborers, m aterial handling________________
Manufacturing ____________________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Public utilities 3 _______________________
Order f ille r s __ ______________________________
Manufacturing ____________________________
Packers, shipping ^men) _______________ _____
Manufacturing ____________________________
Packers, shipping (women) ___________________
Manufacturing _____________________________
Receiving c le rk s_____________________________
Manufacturing ____ ___ ______ ______ ___
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Shipping c le rk s______________________ _______
Manufacturing ______________ ____________
Shipping and receiving c le rk s--- ----------------Manufacturing _____________________________
Truckdrivers 5 _______________________________
Manufacturing _____________________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________
Public utilities 3 _______________________
Truckdrivers, light (under 1V2 tons) _______
Manufacturing ___ __ _____________
Truckdrivers, medium (lV2 to and
including 4 tons) _________________________
M anufacturing__________________________
Truckdrivers, heavy \over 4 tons,
traile r type) _____________________________
T ruckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
other than trailer type) _________________
Manufacturing ________________________
Truckers, power (forklift) __________________
Manufacturing __ __ _______________________
Truckers, power pother than forklift) _________
Manufacturing _______________ __________
W atchmen____________________________________
Manufacturing ___ ________________________

27
26
154
141
634
496
138
32
117
57
60
490
266
224
127
96
55
185
185
172
172
70
52
18
62
56
66
62
402
199
203
108
30
25
90
40
99
109
45
119
112
48
48
105
89

NUMBER OF WORKEKS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Average
$ 1. 10 *1.20 $ 1. 30 $ 1.40 *1.50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .90 $2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2. 30 *2.40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70
hourly ,
earnings
under and
1. 10 1. 20 1.30 1. 40 1.50 1. 60 1. 70 1.80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 over
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
„
_
.
_
23
3
$1. 17
1
1. 15
23
3
_
_
1.97
1
5
2
36
2
36
18
3
10
22
19
2. 00
3
2
34
36
14
20
3
lo
19
1. 68
44
56
5
8
47
33
38
112
81
23
46
3
3
2
1
4
69
59
28
32
1. 73
3
13
34
23
80
5
58
68
28
20
3
3
2
1
4
91
5
15
1.48
31
28
1
1
13
21
3
1
1
18
5
1
2
2
1
3
18
1.91
_
_
_
_
1.42
5
31
17
1
6
4
22
1
30
1. 60
6
15
1
4
30
1
1. 25
25
5
2
4
17
7
_
_
1. 82
21
24
25
31
65
35
13
6
73
56
2
2
21
16 100
_
_
1. 64
21
24
21
65
3
7
56
3
2
2
6
46
2
7
1
2. 04
10
18
10
32
27
19
99
9
2. 38
19
9
99
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1.86
1
7
2
12
18
21
1
3
22
6
3
2. 00
2
18
21
6
4
1
3
_
2. 08
33
2
18
12
16
11
17
20
11
14
3
4 28
2. 08
12
11
11
2
33
20
14
18
16
17
3
28
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1. 27
48
68
17
39
68
1. 27
48
17
39
_
_
_
1
5
10
5
1
6
10
12
7
2
1
3
1
6
1.99
2. 06
1
5
1
6
6 -----5----- 11
7
7
2
1
5
4
3
1. 78
1
3
1
"
_
_
2. 10
1
1
1
10
14
5
1
2
1
8
2
1
6
9
1
11
5
1
2. 11
10
7
2
2
1
1
6
9
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
4
5
5
4
8
5
1
23
11
1. 97
1
11
5
5
1.97
4
8
5
23
_
12
2. 10
28
6
4
56
7
77
17 112
4
12
6
11
30
1
19
12
2. 07
8
14 ------6— 4
4
77
13
4
12
6
11
6
13
8
1
2. 14
5
4 104
20
24
43
3
2. 40
4 104
5
4
2
6
6
1
6
1. 75
4
1
6
2
6
6
1. 79
"
"
"
5
x5
2. 00
12
5
48
4
6
3
2
V
5
5
4
1.96
5
12
5
2
2
1
3
58
37
2. 31
2. 14
2. 24
2. 18
2. 19
2. 32
2. 32
1. 78
1.80

-

2
2

-

3
~

-

"
4
1

-

-

-

-

.

"

1 D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s .
4 M o s t w o r k e r s w e r e p a id o n an in c e n t iv e b a s is .
5 I n clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s i z e and ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a t e d .




13
13

23
8

12
-

-

-

"
-

-

1
1
10
10

1
1
10
10

15
15

-

21
17

13
13

-

23
23
12
12
8
8

2
2
15
8
-

24
18

36
36
23
23
1
1

12
12
-

6
6

11
11
1
1
-

-

-

"
1
1

-

4
4
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

5
5
17
17
9
9

-

-

_

_

38
1

.

"

-

~




B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-1. Shift Differentials
( P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r s h i ft w o r k , a n d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
a c t u a l l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , J u n e I 9 6 0 )
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l
p r o v is io n s 1 fo r —
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l

T o t a l ________________________________________________________

W it h s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l

In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a c t u a l l y
o p e r a tin g —

S e c o n d s h ift
w ork

T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift w o r k

S e c o n d s h ift

76. 3

65. 3

13. 4

2. 7

71. 1

65. 3

1 2 .7

2. 7

46. 1

34. 3

7 .7

1. 6

1. 5
1 5. 5
. 6
6. 1
1. 7
1 7 .8
-

_

.4
2. 6

_______

.........

U n if o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _____________________________________
4 c e n t s _________ __________________________ ______ ______________
5 c e n t s _________________________________________________________
6 o r 7 c e n t s ___________________________________________________
..........................
8 cen ts
9 cen ts
_ ._ .....
........ .
. . ...
10 c e n t s ______________________________
______________________
I I V 3 c e n t s ____________________________________________________
12 c e n t s ________________________________________________________
I 3 V 3 c e n t s ___________________ ____ ____________________________
15 c e n t s _______________________________
_____ _____ __________

7. 6
1. 5
-

-

1.
.
3.
.
-

3
3
1

_
( 2)
. 3
-

-

1.
8.
2.
6.
5.

25. 0

31. 0

5. 0

1. 0

5 p e r c e n t ______________________________________________________
10 p e r c e n t
_
_
_ ___
.
_ ...

1. 8
23. 2

_

. 8
4. 2

_
1. 0

N o s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l _ ___________________________________ _____

5. 3

U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e

________________ ______ _____________________

1 I n c l u d e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i ft s
e v e n t h o u g h t h e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s .
2 L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .

2. 9

7
8
9
1

T h ir d o r o t h e r
s h ift

6

3 1. 0

1

( 2)
. 1
. 1
. 8
. 3

.7

a n d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g

la t e

s h ifts

10

Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers

(D istrib u tion of esta b lish m e n ts studied in al in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by m inim um en tran ce sa la ry for s elec ted c a te g o r ie s
of in ex p erien ced w om en o ffice w o rk ers, W o r cester, M a s s ., June I960)
In exp erien ced ty p ists
M anufacturing
N onm anufacturing
B ased on standard w eek ly h o u r s 3 of—

M inim um w eek ly sa la ry 1

All
schedules
E stablishm ents studied ...........
.
E stablishm ents having a specified m in im u m _____________
Under $37. 50 _________________ _______________________
$ 37. 50 and under $ 40. 00 _
$40. 00 and under $42. 50 _____________________________
$42. 50 and under $45. 00 ___ _______________________
$45. 00 and under $47. 50 .... ..........
$ 47. 50 and under $ 50. 00 __________________________ __
$ 50. 00 and under $ 52. 50 _____________________________
$ 52. 50 and under $ 55.00 _____________________________
$ 55.00 and under $ 57.50 _____________________________
$ 57.50 and over ___________________ _________________
E stablishm ents having no specified m inim um ____________
E stablishm ents which did not employ w orkers
in this c a te g o ry __________________ ____________ ___________

, All
schedules

40

84
44
1
1
9
9
7
1
8
2
2
4
14

50
26
_
_
5
4
3
1
8
1
1
3
12

_
4
4
3
1
8
1
3
XXX

26

12

XXX

XXX
24

_

34
18
1
1
4
5
4
-

1
1
1
2
14

1j.1J.UoLJLICO

37 V2

40

XXX
5
_
1
_
2
1

XXX
10
_
_
4
2
2

O ther in ex p erien ced c le r ic a l w o rk ers 2
M anufacturing
N onm anufacturing
B ased on standard w eek ly h ours 3 of—

All
schedules

All
schedules

40

XXX
4

XXX
9

1
_
2
1
_
-

_
4
2
2
_
1

1
XXX

1
1
XXX

50
27
_
_
7
3
3
2
7
2
1
2
14

XXX

4

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

21

9

XXX

12

XXX

XXX

-

-

-

-

34
18
1
2
4
5
5

40

84
45
1
2
11
8
8
2
7
2
1
3
18

-

XXX
25
.
_
6
3
3
2
7
2
_
2

37 1/2

-

-

_
1

1 L ow est sa la ry rate form a lly e sta b lish e d for h irin g in ex p erien ced w o rk ers for typing or other c le r ic a l job s.
2 R ates ap plicab le to m e s s e n g e r s, o ffice g ir ls , or sim ila r su b cle r ic a l jobs a re not con sid ered .
3 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em p lo y e e s r e ce iv e th eir regu lar str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s. Data are p resen ted for a ll w orkw eeks com b in ed , and for the m o st com m on w orkw eeks rep orted .

Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours
(P ercen t d istrib u tion of office and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by sch ed u led w eekly hours
of fir s t-s h ift w o r k e r s, W o r cester, M a ss., June I960)

Weekly hours

3
2
3
4

Manufacturing

All industries 3

100

OO

All w o rk e rs ___________ _____________ _____________
Under 3 5 hours _______________________________________
3 5 hours ________________________________ ____________
36x/4 hours __________________________________
3 6 3/4 hours ______________________________________________
3 7 V 2 hours ______________________________________________
Over 3 7 l lz a n d under 4 0 hours _____ _____________
4 -0 hours _________________________________________________
4 4 hours __________________ _______________ ___________
45, 48, or 5 0 hours __________________________________

PLANT WORKERS

OFFICE W O RK ER S

(4 )

(4 )

(4)-

1
13
1

12
1
13
(4 )
(4 )

1

2
97

1

(4 )

Public utilities 2

All industries 3

Manufacturing

100

100

100

100

_
-

_

2

_

-

-

_
-

-

31

69
"

1

-

1

2

3
64
5

4

2
-

b

7
6

5

Includ es data for w h o lesa le trade; r eta il trade; finance, in su ra n ce, and rea l e sta te: and s e r v ic e s m addition to th ose industry d iv isio n s show n sep a ra tely .
T ransportation , com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s.
Includ es data for w h o lesa le trad e, r e ta il trad e, r e a l estate, and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose u io u stv . d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely .
L e ss than 0 .5 p ercen t.




Public utilities2

100

-

11

Table B-4. Paid Holidays
(P ercen t d istrib u tion of office and plant w ork ers in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by num ber of paid holidays
provided annually, W o rcester, M a ss, , June I960)

Item

Oi i ICE WORKERS
All industries *

PLANT WORKERS

Manufacturing

Public utilities2

All industries3

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

All w orkers ________________________________

100

100

10G

1GO

100

100

W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid holidays _____________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid holidays __________________________

100

100

100

95

98

100

5

2

2

2

Number off days

holidays ___________ _______ ________ ___ —
5 holidays plus 1 half d a y ___________________
5 holidays plus 2 half days _________________
6 holidays ---- --------------------------------------------6 holidays plus 1 half d a y ___________________
6 holidays plus 2 half days _________________
7 holidays __________________________________
7 holidays plus 1 half d a y ___________________
7 holidays plus 2 half days ______________
8 holidays __________________________________
8 holidays plus 1 half d a y ________________ _
8 holidays plus 2 half days ________ .________
8 holidays plus 4 half days -------------------------9 holidays __________________________________
10 h o lid ay s_________________________________
10 holidays plus 1 half day _________________
10 holidays plus 2 half days -----------------------5

(4)

(4 )

7
1

4
24
2
2

18
4

(4)

1

(4 )

10
1
4
36
3
2
28
7
-

-

13
-

-

4

2
29
2
3

2
(4)
1
5

19
25
39

3
6
35
38
42
62
64
91
92
99
99
100

5
6
6
8
15
46
49
89
89
99
99
100

39
68
87
87
87
87
100
100
100
100
100

1
1
16
2
5
27
3
4
16
6
1
-

1
1
16
1
5
31
3
2
19
8
2
~

4

4

-

-

6

3

-

"
-

23
-

~

14
_

62

“

Total holiday time5

11 days ------------------- -----------------------------------------lGVz or m ore days _______________ __________
10 or m ore d a y s ____________________________
9 or m ore days _________ _____ ____ ____ ___
8 V2 or m ore d a y s _______________________ —
8 or m ore days _____________________________
l x!z or m ore days __________________________
7 or m ore days __________________________ _
6 V 2 or m ore days ___________________________
6 or m ore days _____________________________
5 V2 ° r m ore d a y s _______ ___________________
5 or m ore days _____________________________
1
2
3
4
5
no half

-

-

6
12
18
39
41
74
76
93
93
95

-

3
8
16
37
41
77
78
95
96
98

-

62

77
77
77
77
100
10G
100
100
100

Includ es data for w h o lesa le trade; r e ta il trade; fin an ce, in su rance, and rea l esta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely .
T ran sp ortation , com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s.
Includ es data for w h o lesa le trad e, r e ta il trad e, re a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely .
L e ss than 0. 5 percen t.
A ll com b ination s of fu ll and h alf days that add to the sam e am ount are com bined; for exam p le, the prop ortion of w ork ers r e ceiv in g a total of 7 days in clu d es th ose w ith 7 fu ll days and
d ays, 6 fu ll days and 2 half days, 5 fu ll days and 4 half days, and so on, P rop ortion s w ere then cum ulated.




12

Table B-5. Paid Vacations

(Pe rcent distribution of office and plant w orkers in all in du stries and in industry divisions by vacation pay
provisions, W orcester, M ass. , June I960)
OFFICE WORKERS

PLANT WORKERS

V a c a t io n p o l i c y
All industries^

A ll w o r k e r s

________________________________________

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

All industries ^

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

100

100

100

100

100

100

100
99
1
-

100
98
2
-

100
100
-

100
87
13
-

100
84
16
-

100
100
“
-

“

"

'

3
67
( 5)
19

4
61
1
24

_
4
39

32
14
3

39
9
1

14
*3

10
90

11
89

32
68

79
1
20

88
1
11

24
76

4
2
95

4
2
94

13
87

57
10
33

64
11
24

1*
10
76

3
1
96

4
1
96

100

a.-3
13
44

47
16
37

14
86

1
96

1
99

100

6
2
89

5
2
93

M e th o d o f p a y m en t

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
p a id v a c a t i o n s __________ ____________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t __________________________
O th e r -----------------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ___________________ __________

A m ount o f v a c a tio n

”

p a y 4

A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e
U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________ ____________
1 w e e k _______________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________ ___ ____
2 w eeks
___________ ___________________________

_

A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k _ ___________________ ___ ________ ______
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _____________________
2 w e e k s ________________________
_____ _____ ___
A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ___________________
_____ __________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________
2 w e e k s _____________________ ________________________
A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k __ __________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _ ___________________
2 w e e k s _____________________________________________

_

A fte r 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e

1 w e e k ________________________ ______________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ____________, _________
2 w e e k s _________________________ ____ _______________

Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________________
3 weeks ____________________________________
See footnotes at end of table.




1
2

(5)

_
-

(5)
3

(5)

_

-

100
“

13
Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued
^ P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y
p r o v i s i o n s , W o r c e s t e r M a s s . , J une I 9 6 0 )

V acation policy

OFFICE WORKERS

PLANT WORKERS

All industries *

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

All industries 3

Manufacturing

1
80
4
14
1

1
89
5
5
-

58
42
"

_

6
1
76
5
10
1

5
1
83
6
4
"

57
43

1
19
1
79
1

1
25
1
73

_

9
91

6
1
27
3
62
1

5
1
28.
3
63
“

_
100
'

1
10
86
3

1
11
-

_
9
66
25

6
1
19
(5)
69

_

6
1
19
(5)
48

PuLlic utilities2

A m ount o f v o c a tio n p a y 4 — C on tinu ed
A fter 10 y ears of service
1 w e e k _______ _____________________ ______
Over 1 and under 2 weeks __________________
2 weeks ____________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________________
3 weeks ____________________________________
4 weeks ____________________________________

_

A fter 15 y ears of service
1 week ________________________________ ____
Over 1 and under 2 weeks _________________
2 weeks ____ _______ _____________________
Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________________
3 w eeks ____________________________________
4 weeks __ _________________________________
A fter 20 y ears of service
1 w e e k ________________________________ —
Over 1 and under 2 weeks ---------- ------------2 weeks ____________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 weeks _________________
3 weeks -----------------------------------------------------4 weeks __ _________________________________

88
"

iI
i

4

81
19

5

1
19
(5)
74

A fter 25 y ears of service
1 week ______ ___________ ___________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks _________________
2 weeks ---------------- ------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks --------------------------3 weeks __ _________________________________
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ________ _______
4 weeks ________________________________
__

1
10
55
3
31

1
11
54
5
30

9
54
-

5
20

38

_
71

5
1
19
(5)
49
6
19

29

1 Includes data for w holesale trade; reta il trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
3 Includes data for w holesale trad e, retail trad e, real estate, and serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
4 P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and d o
n ot n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s
in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s .
5 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
N O T E : I n th e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n
t o a n e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e ,




fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r

a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t im e , " s u c h a s
a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y .

e x a m p le ,

p ercen ta g e

the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s in d ic a t e d

o f a n n u a le a r n i n g s

at 10 y e a r s ’

o r fla t -s u m p a y m e n ts,

s e r v ic e

w e re co n v e r te d

14

Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f i t s , W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , J u n e I 9 6 0 )

O F F IC E W O R K E R S

PLAN T W O RK ERS

T y p e o f b e n e fit
All industries

A ll w o rk e r s

__

_______________________ ______ _____ _

*

2

Manufacturing

Public utilities

All industries

100

100

100

94

96

74

87

91

90

69

75

74

64

69

90

90
69

97
86

100
47

82
76

87
85

90
57

79

79

100

4

-

19

96
96
87
15
88

68
68
68
25
68

3
83
83
70
22
70
.6

2
92
92
78
23
74
4

33
67
67
67
23
90

100

Manufacturing

100

Pu blic utilities

2

1 00

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g :
L if e i n s u r a n c e ___ ____ __ ____ __________________
A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t
in s u r a n c e _______________________________________
S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r
s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 4 ____________________ ____ _
S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e ________
S ic k l e a v e ( f u ll p a y a n d no
w a it in g p e r i o d ) _ ____ ____________________
S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r
w a it in g p e r i o d ) ____________________________
H o s p i t a l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ________ _________
S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e _____________________________
M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e _____________________________
C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e ________________________
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n _______ ____ ______ ____ ____
N o h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s i o n p la n ___

7
92
92
86
37
87
1

1 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
3 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k le a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w .
S i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d t o t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y
the m in i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e .
I n f o r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n a n in d iv i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .




e s t a b l i s h a t le a s t

15

Appendix: Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to a s s is t its
field staff in classify in g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll
titles and different work arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to area. T his is
essen tial in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content.
B ecause of this em phasis on interestablishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the
Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those
prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the B ureau's field econom ists are
instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped w orkers,
part-tim e, temporary, and probationary w orkers.
O F F IC E
BILLER, MACHINE

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Prepares statem ents, b ills, and invoices on a machine other
than an ordinary or electrom atic typew riter. May also keep records as
to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental
to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b illers, m achine, are
classified by type of m achine, as follow s:
Biller, machine (hilling machine)— U ses a sp ecial billing ma­
chine (Moon H opkins, E llio tt F ish er, Burroughs, etc ., which are
combination typing and adding m achines) to prepare bills and in­
voices from customers* purchase orders, internally prepared orders,
shipping memorandums, etc. U sually involves application of prede­
termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma­
chine, and to tals which are autom atically accum ulated by m achine.
The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of
the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) — U ses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrahd, E llio tt F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc ., which
may or may not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare custom ers*
bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. G enerally in ­
volves the sim ultaneous entry of figures on custom ers’ ledger rec­
ord. The machine autom atically accum ulates figures on a number
of vertical columns and com putes and usually prints autom atically
the debit or credit balan ces. Does not involve a knowledge of book­
keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sa le s and
credit slip s.

O perates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E llio tt
F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs, N ational C ash R egister, w ith or without
a typew riter keyboard) to keep a record of b u sin ess tran sactio n s.




Class A— Keeps a se t of records requiring a knowledge of
and experience in b asic bookkeeping principles and fam iliarity with
the structure of the particular accounting system used. D eterm ines
proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used
in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated rep o rts, balance
sh eets, and other records by hand.
Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or sectio n s of
a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of b asic book­
keeping- P h ases or sectio n s include accounts payable, payroll,
custom ers’ accounts (not including a sim ple type of b illing described
under biller, m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in­
ventory control, etc. May check or a s s is t in preparation of tria l
balances and prepare control sh eets for the accounting departm ent.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING

Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account­
ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sectio n s of a com­
plete se t of books or records relating to one phase of an e sta b lish ­
m ent's b usiness tran sactio n s. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts

16
CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued
payable; exam ining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c ­
counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making
proper assig n ation s and allo catio n s. May a s s is t in preparing, ad ­
justing and closing journal en tries; may direct c la ss B accounting
clerks.

Class B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c ­
counting operations such as posting sim ple journal vouchers or a c ­
counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher reg isters;
reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled
by general ledgers, or posting sim ple co st accounting d ata. T his
job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping
principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accou n t­
ing work is subdivided on a functional b asis among several w orkers.

CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes w ages of company em ployees and enters the n e c e s­
sary data on the payroll sh e e ts. D uties involve: C alculating w orkers'
earnings based on time or production records; posting calcu lated data
on payroll sh eet, showing inform ation such as w orker's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and to tal w ages due. May
make out paychecks and a s s is t paym aster in making up and d istrib u t­
ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathem a­
tical com putations. T his job is not to be confused with that of s ta tis ­
tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp­
tom eter but, in w hich, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance
of other du ties.

CLERK, FILE

Class A— In an estab lish ed filing system containing a num­
ber of varied su bject m atter file s, c la ssifie s and indexes co rres­
pondence or other m aterial; may also file this m aterial. May keep
records of various types in conjunction with files or may super­
vise others in filing and locating m aterial in the file s. May per­
form incidental clerical d u ties.
Class B— Perform s routine filing, usually of m aterial that h as
already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or lo cates
or a s s is ts in locating m aterial in file s. May perform incidental
clerical d u ties.
CLERK, ORDER
R eceives cu sto m ers'o rd ers for m aterial or m erchandise by m ail,
phone, or personally. D uties involve any combination of the following:
Quoting prices to custom ers; making out an order sh eet listin g the item s
to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of item s on order
sheet; distributing order sh eets to respective departm ents to be filled .
May check with credit departm ent to determ ine credit ratiAg of custom er,
acknowledge receipt of orders from custom ers, follow up orders to see
that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship­
ping invoices with original orders.




DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
Under general supervision and with no supervisory resp o n si­
b ilitie s, reproduces m ultiple copies of typew ritten or handw ritten matter,
using a Mimeograph or D itto m achine. Makes n ecessary adjustm ent such
as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to
prepare ste n c il or D itto m aster. May keep file of used ste n c ils or D itto
m asters. May sort, co llate, and staple com pleted m aterial.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Under general supervision and with no supervisory resp o n si­
b ilities, records accounting and s ta tis tic a l data on tabulating cards by
punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using
an alphabetical or a num erical keypunch m achine, following w ritten in­
formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de­
vice attached to m achine. May keep files of punch card s. May verify
own work or work of others.
O FFIC E BOY OR GIRL
Perform s various routine duties such as running errands, op­
erating minor office m achines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and
distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work.

17

SECRETARY
Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad­
m inistrative or executive position. D uties include making appointm ents
for superior; receiving people coming into office; answ ering and making
phone calls; handling personal and im portant or confidential m ail, and
writing routine correspondence on own in itia tiv e ; taking dictation (where
transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
sim ilar m achine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information
reproduced on a transcribing m achine. May prepare sp ecial reports or
memorandums for information of superior.
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, involving a nor­
mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter.
May also type from w ritten copy. May also se t up and keep files in or­
der, keep sim ple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine
work (see transcribing-m achine operator).
STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, involving a varied
technical or sp ecialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on
scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter. May
also type from w ritten copy. May also se t up and keep files in order,
keep sim ple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
O perates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone sw itchboard.
D uties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or office c a lls.
May record toll calls and take m essag es. May give information to per­
sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers
who also act as receptio nists see sw itchboard operator-receptionist.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si­
tion or monitor-type sw itchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type
or perform routine clerical work as part of regular du ties. T his typing
or clerical work may take the major part of this w orker's time w hile at
sw itchboard.




TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Class A— O perates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac­
counting m achines, typically including such m achines as the tabu­
lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com­
plete reporting assignm ents without close supervision, and performs
difficult wiring as required. The com plete reporting and tabulating
assignm ents typically involve a variety of long and complex re­
ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring
some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more
experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera­
tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring
from diagram s and operating sequences of long and complex reports.
Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-m achine
operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of
a group of tabulating-m achine operators.
Class B— O perates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac­
counting m achines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition
to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. T his work is performed under
specific instructions and may include the perform ance of some wir­
ing from diagram s. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabu­
lations involving a repetitive accounting ex ercise, a com plete but
sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report.
Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where
the procedures are w ell estab lish ed . May also include the training
of new em ployees in the basic operation of the m achine.
Class C— O perates sim ple tabulating or e lectrical account­
ing m achines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc.,
with specific instructions. May include sim ple wiring from diagrams
and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a
work unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs, or re­
petitive operations.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine
vocabulary from transcribing-m achine records. May also type from w ritten
copy and do sim ple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in­
volving a varied technical or sp ecialized vocabulary such as legal briefs
or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes
dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine is classified
as a stenographer, general.

18

TYPIST

TYPIST— Continued

U ses a typew riter to make copies of various m aterial or to make
out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in­
clude typing of s te n c ils , m ats, or sim ilar m aterials for use in d uplicat­
ing p ro cesses. May do clerical work involving little sp ecial training,
such as keeping sim ple records, filing records and reports, or sorting
and distributing incom ing m ail.

Class A— Perform s one or more of the following: Typing ma­
terial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from sev eral
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, sy llab icatio n , punc-

tuation, e tc ., of tech n ical or unusual words or foreign language ma­
terial; planning layout and typing of com plicated s ta tis tic a l tab les
to m aintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine
form letters varying d etails to su it circum stances.

Class B— Perform s one or more of the following: Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licies,
etc.; settin g up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying more com­
plex tab les already se t up and spaced properly.

PR O FE S SIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L
DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR

(A ssistan t draftsm an)
Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by d rafts­
man or others for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing purposes.
U ses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare draw ings
from sim ple plans or sk etch es, or perform other duties under direction
of a draftsm an.
DRAFTSMAN, LEADER

P lans and d irects activ ities of one or more draftsm en in prep­
aration of working plans and d etail draw ings from rough or prelim inary
sketches for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing purposes. D uties
involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sk etch es,
and written or verbal orders; determ ining work procedures; assig n in g
duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif­
ficult problem s. May a s s is t subordinates during em ergencies or a s a
regular assignm ent, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad­
m inistrative nature.

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued

involved in strength of m aterials, beam s and tru sse s; verifying com­
pleted work, checking dim ensions, m aterials to be used, and q u an tities;
w riting sp ecificatio n s; making adjustm ents or changes in drawings or
sp ecificatio n s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil draw ings, prepare
d etail units of com plete draw ings, or trace draw ings. Work is frequently
in a sp ecialized field such as architectural, electrical, m echanical, or
structural drafting.
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

A registered nurse who gives nursing serv ice to ill or injured
em ployees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accid en t on the
prem ises of a factory or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to
subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of p atients
treated; preparing accident reports for com pensation or other purposes;
conducting physical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants
and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health
education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environm ent, or other
activ ities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of a ll personnel.

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR

Prepares working plans and d etail draw ings from n o tes, rough
or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing pur­
p o ses. D uties involve a combination of the following: Preparing work­
ing plans, d etail draw ings, m aps, cro ss-sectio n s, e tc ., to scale by use
of drafting instrum ents; making engineering com putations such as those




TRACER

Copies plans and draw ings prepared by others, by placing trac­
ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p en cil. U ses
T -square, com pass, and other drafting too ls. May prepare sim ple draw­
ings and do sim ple lettering.

19

M A IN T E N A N C E

D PO W ERPLANT

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main­
tain in good repair building woodwork and equipm ent such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, sta irs, casin gs, and trim
made of wood in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following:
Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, m odels, or
verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’s handtools, portable
power tools, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making standard shop
com putations relating to dim ensions of work; selectin g m aterials n ec­
essary for the work. In general, the work of the m aintenance carpenter
requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for­
mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

F ires stationary boilers to furnish the establishm ent in which
employed with heat, power, or steam . F eeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a m echanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks w ater and safety
valves. May clean, oil, or a s s is t in repairing boilerroom equipm ent.

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
Perform s a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
installatio n , m aintenance, or repair of equipm ent for the generating, d is­
tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishm ent. Work
involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety
of electrical equipm ent such as generators, transform ers, sw itchboards,
controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit system s,
or other transm ission equipm ent; working from blueprints, draw ings, lay­
out, or other sp ecificatio n s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c ­
trical system or equipm ent; working standard com putations relating to
load requirem ents of wiring or electrical equipm ent; using a variety of
electrician ’s handtools and m easuring and testin g instrum ents. In gen­
eral, the work of the m aintenance electrician requires rounded training
and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.

ENGINEER, STATIONARY
O perates and m aintains and may also supervise the operation
of stationary engines and equipment (m echanical or electrical) to sup­
ply the establishm ent in which employed with power, heat, refrigera­
tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: O perating and m aintaining
equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors
turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipm ent, steam boilers and
boiler-fed w ater pumps; making equipm ent repairs; keeping a record of
operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consum ption. May also
supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments

employing more than one engineer are excluded.




HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE
A ssists one or more workers in the skilled m aintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties of le sse r sk ill, such as keeping
a worker supplied with m aterials and tools; cleaning working area, ma­
chine, and equipm ent; a ssistin g worker by holding m aterials or tools;
performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of
work the helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In
some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma­
terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per­
mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade
that are also performed by workers on a full-tim e b asis.

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or milling m achines in the construction of m achine-shop tools, gauges,
jigs, fixtures, or d ies. Work involves most of the following: Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing item s requiring
com plicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre­
cision m easuring instrum ents; selectin g feeds, sp eed s, tooling and op­
eration sequence; making necessary adjustm ents during operation to
achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions. May be required to recog­
nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to se le c t proper
coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study
purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops
are excluded from this classificatio n .

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of
m etal parts of m echanical equipment operated in an establishm ent. Work
involves most of the following: Interpreting w ritten instructions and
sp ecific atio n s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma­
ch in ist’s handtools and precision m easuring instrum ents; settin g up and

20

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued
operating standard machine tools; shaping of m etal parts to close toler-*
ances; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work,
tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop­
erties of the common m etals; selecting standard m aterials, p arts, and
equipment required for his work; fitting and assem bling parts into me­
chanical equipm ent. In general, the m achinist’s work normally requires
a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a
formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
R epairs autom obiles, buses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an e s ­
tablishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Examining autom otive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipm ent and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as w renches,
gauges, d rills, or sp ecialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle
and making necessary adjustm ents; alining w heels, adjusting brakes and
lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the autom otive
m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
R epairs machinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent.
Work involves most of the following: Examining m achines and m echan­
ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dism antling or partly d is ­
m antling m achines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of
handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective
parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a rep lace­
ment part by a m achine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop
for major repairs; preparing w ritten sp ecificatio n s for major repairs or
for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling ma­
chines; and making all n ecessary adjustm ents for operation. In general,
the work of a m aintenance m echanic requires rounded training and ex­
perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. Excluded from this classificatio n are workers
whose primary duties involve settin g up or adjusting m achines.

MILLWRIGHT
In stalls new m achines or heavy equipm ent and dism antles and
in stalls m achines or heavy equipm ent when changes in the plant layout




MILI >WRIGHT—-Continued

are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying
out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other sp ecificatio n s; using a
variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations re­
lating to stre sse s, strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining
and balancing of equipm ent; selectin g standard tools, equipm ent, and parts
to be used; installin g and m aintaining in good order power transm ission
equipm ent such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m ill­
w right’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the
trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.

OILER
L ubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or w earing sur­
faces of m echanical equipm ent of an establishm ent.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
P aints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es­
tablishm ent. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu­
lia rities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in
nail holes and in terstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May
mix colors, o ils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper
color or consistency. In general, the work of the m aintenance painter
requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for­
mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
In stalls or repairs w ater, steam , g as, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following:
Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings
or other w ritten sp ecificatio n s; cutting various siz e s of pipe to correct
lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma­
chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven
or power-driven m achines; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening
pipe to hangers; making standard shop com putations relating to p ressures,
flow, and size of pipe required; making standard te s ts to determ ine
whether finished pipes meet sp ecificatio n s. In general, the work of the
m aintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex­
perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building

sanitation or heating systems are excluded.

21

TOOL AND DIE MAKER

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
K eeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installatio n of
vents and traps in plumbing system ; in stallin g or repairing pipes and
fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plum ber's snake. In
general, the work of the m aintenance plumber requires rounded training
and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv­
alent training and experience.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
F ab ricates, in sta lls, and m aintains in good repair the sheetm etal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
sh elv es, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an
establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay­
ing out all types of sheet-m etal m aintenance work from blueprints, m odels,
or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of
sheet-m etal-w orking m achines; using a variety of handtools in cutting,
bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installin g sh eetm etal articles as required. In general, the work of the m aintenance
sheet-m etal worker requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.

(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker)
C onstructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix­
tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work
involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from
m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and w ritten sp ecificatio n s;
using a variety of tool and die m aker's handtools and precision m eas­
uring instrum ents, understanding of the working properties of common
m etals and alloys; settin g up and operating of machine tools and related
equipm ent; making necessary shop com putations relating to dim ensions
of work, sp eed s, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heattreating of metal
parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve
required q u alities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assem bling
of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selectin g appropriate
m aterials, tools, and p ro cesses. In general, the tool and die m aker's
work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice
usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers
in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n .

C U S T O D IA L AND M A T E R IA L M O VEM EN T

ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER
T ransports passengers betw een floors of an office building,
apartm ent house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ilar estab lish m en t.
Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as
those of starters and janitors are excluded.

GUARD

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued
or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following:
Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polish­
ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor m ainte­
nance serv ices; cleaning lavatories, show ers, and restroom s. Workers
who sp ecialize in window w ashing are excluded.

Perform s routine police d u ties, either at fixed post or on tour,
m aintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary . Includes gate-

men who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
other persons entering.

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

(Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress)
C leans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or prem ises of an office, apartm ent house, or commercial




(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or w arehouse helper)

A worker employed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, store,
or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or more of the follow­
ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or

22

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued
from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv­
ing, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; tran s­
porting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow.

Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; w arehouse stockm an)

F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
m erchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slip s, customers*
orders, or other instru ctio n s. May, in addition to filling orders and indi­
cating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, req u isi­
tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform
other related duties.

PACKER, SHIPPING
P repares finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, siz e, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container em ployed, and method of shipm ent. Work requires the
placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or more of
the following: Knowledge of various item s of stock in order to verify
content; selectio n of appropriate type and size of container; inserting
enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or dam age; closing and sealing container; applying lab els or
entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden

boxes or crates are excluded.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P repares m erchandise for shipm ent, or receiv es and is respon­
sible for incom ing shipm ents of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping
work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, p ractices, routes,
available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the
goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting w eight and shipping
charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a s s is t in
preparing the m erchandise for shipm ent. Receiving work involves: V eri­
fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipm ents ag ain st
b ills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and
rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper de­
partm ents; m aintaining necessary records and file s.




SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:

Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
D rives a truck within a city or ind u strial area to transport ma­
terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or men betw een various types of estab ­
lishm ents such as: M anufacturing p lants, freight depots, w arehouses,
w holesale and retail establishm ents, or betw een retail establishm ents
and customers* houses or places of b u sin ess. May also load or unload
truck with or w ithout helpers, make minor m echanical repairs, and keep
truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers

are excluded.

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size
and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on
the b asis of trailer capacity.)

Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons)
Truckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
O perates a m anually controlled gaso lin e- or electric-pow ered
truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a
w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent.
For wage study purposes, workers are c lassified by type of
truck, as follow s:

Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
WATCHMAN
Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property
ag ain st fire, theft, and illeg al entry.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : I960 0 —559721







Occupational Wage Surveys

O ccupational wage surveys are being conducted in 60 major labor markets during late 1959 and early I960. T hese b u lletin s, when av ailab le,
may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, W ashington 25, D .C., or from any of the BLS regional
sales offices shown on the inside front cover.
A summary bulletin containing data for all labor m arkets, combined with additional an aly sis, w ill be issu ed early in 1961.
B ulletins for the areas listed below are now available.

Allentown—Bethlehem —E aston, P a .—N .J., March I960—
BLS Bull. 1265-33, price 25 cents
Baltim ore, Md., September 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-7, price 15 cents
Birmingham, A la., March i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-37, price 25 cents
Boston, M ass., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-8, price 25 cents
Buffalo, N.Y., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-4, price 20 cents

M inneapolis—St. P aul, Minn., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-21,
price 25 cents
Newark and Jersey City, N .J., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-28,
price 25 cents
New O rleans, L a., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-32, price 25 cents
New York, N.Y., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-44, price 25 cents

Canton, Ohio, December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-10, price 25 cents
C incinnati, Ohio—Ky., February i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-31,
price 25 cents
Cleveland, Ohio, September 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-1, price 20 cents
D allas, T ex., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-3, price 20 cents
Dayton, Ohio, December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-9, price 25 cents

Philadelphia, P a ., November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-16, price 25 cents
Phoenix, A riz., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-42, price 25 cents
Pittsburgh, P a., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-20, price 25 cents
Portland, Maine, November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-12, price 20 cen ts
Providence, R .I. —M ass., March I960— BLS Bull. 1265-34, price 25 cents
Richmond, V a., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-24, price 25 cents

Denver, Colo., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-11, price 25 cents
Des Moines, Iowa, February I960— BLS Buil. 1265-30, price 25 cents
D etroit, Mich., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-25, price 20 cents
Fort Worth, T ex., November 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-13, price 25 cents
Indianapolis, Ind., January i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-22, price 25 cents
Jackson, M iss., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-26, price 25 cents
Jacksonville, F la., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-14, price 25 cents

St. L ouis, Mo., October 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-5, price 25 cents
San Bernardino—R iverside—Ontario, C alif., November 1959—
BLS Bull. 1265-15, price 25 cents
San F ran cisco —O akland, C alif., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-17,
price 25 cents
Seattle, Wash., August 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-2,
price 25 cents

K ansas C ity, Mo.—K ans., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-23,
price 25 cents
Los A n g eles—Long Beach, C alif., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-35,
price 25 cents
Memphis, T enn., January I960— BLS Bull. 1265-19, price 25 cents
Miami, F la., December 1959— BLS Bull. 1265-6, price 20 cents
Milwaukee, Wis., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-43, price 25 cents

Sioux F a lls, S. D ak., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-29,
price 20 cents
South Bend, Ind., April I960— BLS Bull. 1265-38, price 25 cents
Washington, D .C .—Md.—V a., December 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-18,
price 25 cents
Waterbury, Conn., March i 960— BLS Bull. 1265-36, price 25 cents
York, P a., February I960— BLS Bull. 1265-27, price 25 cen ts