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Occupational Wage Survey WILMINGTON, DELAWARE-NEW JERSEY SEPTEM BER 1960 Bulletin No. 1285-12 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clog**, Commissiofiwr Occupational Wage Survey W IL M IN G T O N , D E L A W A R E - N E W J E R S E Y SEPTEMBER 1960 Bulletin No. 1285-12 December I960 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Claguo, Commissionor For iolo by tho Suptrintondtnt of Docunrtonts, U.S. Govommortt Printing Offico, Washington 25, D.C. - Prko conts Contents Preface Page T he C o m m u n ity W age S u r v e y P r o g r a m T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s r e g u l a r l y co n d u cts a r e a w id e w a g e s u r v e y s in a n u m b e r o f im p o r ta n t in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s . T h e s t u d ie s , m a d e f r o m la te f a l l to e a r l y s p r in g , r e la t e to o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fit s . A p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n o f th e s tu d y in e a c h a r e a , u s u a lly in the m o n th fo llo w in g th e p a y r o l l p e r io d s tu d ie d . T h is b u lle tin p r o v id e s a d d itio n a l d a ta n ot in c lu d e d in th e e a r l i e r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly t ic a l b u lle tin s u m m a r iz in g the r e s u lt s o f a l l o f the y e a r * s s u r v e y s is is s u e d a f t e r c o m p le tio n o f th e f in a l a r e a b u lle tin f o r th e c u r r e n t ro u n d o f s u r v e y s . T h is o f fic e in N e w d ir e c t io n o f D ir e c to r fo r In tro d u c tio n ____________________________________________________ 1 T a b le s : r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in th e B u r e a u * s r e g io n a l Y o r k , N . Y . , b y E l l io t t A . B r o w a r , u n d e r the F r e d e r i c k W. M u e lle r , A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l W a g e s and I n d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s . 1. E s t a b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y __________ A: O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : * A - 1. O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s __________________________________ A - 2. P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t i o n s _______________ A - 3. M a in te n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s ______________ A -4. C u s to d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a tio n s _________ B: E s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v is io n s : * B -l. S h ift d if f e r e n t ia ls ___________________________________ B - 2. M in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f ic e w o r k e r s __ B - 3. S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s _____________________________ B -4. P a id h o l i d a y s _______________________________________ B -5. P a id v a c a t io n s ______________________________________ B -6 . H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p l a n s _________________ A p p e n d ix : O c c u p a tio n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ______________________________ * N O T E : S i m i l a r ta b u la tio n s f o r th e s e and o t h e r it e m s a r e a v a ila b le in the r e p o r t s f o r s u r v e y s in o t h e r m a j o r a r e a s . A d i r e c t o r y in d ic a tin g d a te o f s tu d y and th e p r i c e o f the r e p o r t s is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t. U n ion s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a il in g p a y l e v e l s , a r e a ls o a v a ila b le f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d b u ild in g t r a d e s in the W ilm in g to n a r e a . iii 2 4 6 7 8 10 n 12 13 14 18 17 Occupational Wag* Survey—Wilmington, Del.-N. J. Introduction T h is a r e a is on e o f s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te r s in w h ich the U. S. D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r ls B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s has con d u cted s u r v e y s o f o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d w age b en e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s is . In this a r e a , data w e r e ob ta in ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u rea u fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e sta b lis h m e n ts w ithin s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u fa ctu rin g; t r a n s p o r t a t io n ,1 co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s try g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e om itte d a ls o b e c a u s e th ey fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r ran t in clu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , se p a r a te ta bu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d f o r e a c h o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s . T h e se s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su r v e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . T o obtain a p p r o p r ia te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t io n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied . In co m b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv e n th e ir a p p r o p r ia te w eigh t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as r e la tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u s tr y g rou p in g and a r e a , e x c e p t f o r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied . O ccu p a tion s and E a rn in gs The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tio n a l c l a s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n in du ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . (See a p pen dix f o r lis tin g o f th e se d e s c r ip t i o n s .) E a rn in g s data a r e p r e s e n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) f o r the fo llo w in g ty p es o f o c c u p a tio n s : (a) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c) m a in te n an ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t. la te s h ifts . N on p rod u ction b on u ses a r e e x clu d e d a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b on u ses and in ce n tiv e ea rn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h ere w eek ly h ou rs a r e r e p o r te d , as f o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o rk sc h e d u le s (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e p a id ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th ese o c cu p a tio n s have b een roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f m en and w om en a r e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d . D iffe r e n c e s in p a y le v e ls o f m en and w om en in th e se o c cu p a tio n s a r e la r g e ly due to (1) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is tr ib u tio n o f the s e x e s am ong in d u s tr ie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts ; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c if i c du ties p e r fo r m e d , although the o ccu p a tio n s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in len gth o f s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w w hen in d iv id u al s a la r ie s a r e a d ju sted on this b a s is . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e s u lt in h ig h e r a v e r a g e p a y w hen both s e x e s a r e e m p lo y e d w ithin the sa m e ra te ra n ge. Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th o se u se d in in d iv id u a l esta b lis h m e n ts to a llo w f o r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s a m on g esta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c if i c du ties p e r fo r m e d . O ccu p a tion a l em p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts w ithin the s c o p e o f the study and n ot the n u m b er a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l s t r u c tu r e a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t ob ta in ed fr o m the s a m p le o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la tiv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied . T h e se d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n in gs data. E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c t e d e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits as th ey r e la te to o ffic e and p la n t w o r k e r s . The te r m " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " as u sed O ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a r e sh ow n f o r in th is b u lletin , in clu d e s w ork in g S u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y fu ll-t i m e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th o se h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n c tio n s, and e x clu d e s a d m in u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in g s data e x clu d e is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. "P la n t w o rk e rs'* in p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and clu d e w ork in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu d in g le a d m en and tr a in e e s ) en ga ged in n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s. A d m in is tr a tiv e , 1 R a ilr o a d s , f o r m e r l y e x clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f th e se stu d ie se,x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s who a r e u tiliz e d as a s e p a r a te w o rk f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d . w e r e in clu d e d in a ll o f the a r e a s stu d ied s in c e Ju ly 1959, e x c e p t C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and r ou tem en a r e e x clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s B a ltim o r e , B u ffa lo , C le v e la n d , and S e a ttle . R a ilr o a d s a r e n ow in t r ie s , but a r e in clu d ed as plant w o r k e r s in n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . clu d ed in the s c o p e o f a ll la b o r -m a r k e t w age s u r v e y s . 2 Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Wilmington, D e l.—N. J. , 1 by major industry division, 2 September I960 Minimum employment in establish ments in scope of study Industry division A ll divisions _____ __ __ _____ __ __ Manufacturing ______ __ __ __ Nonmanufacturing __ Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 5 _ __ — W holesale trade __ _ Retail trade _ _ _ _ _ _T _____ __ ______ Finance, insurance, and real estate __ S e rv ic e s7 _____ __ __ * _______ _ __ _ _____ __ __ _____ _ __ __ __ „ __ __ _ __ __ Number of establishments Within scope of study 3 Workers in establishments Within scope of study Studied Studied T o ta l4 Office Plant 12,600 4 0 ,3 0 0 58,450 8,900 3,7 0 0 31,100 9, 200 4 7 ,2 3 0 11,220 700 3, 100 5, 280 50 184 89 6 9 ,7 0 0 50 50 96 88 50 39 5 3,500 16,200 50 50 50 50 50 16 10 40 11 11 12 4 11 5 7 5,6 0 0 1,000 5 ,800 2 ,300 1,500 1 (* ) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6 ) (6) (6) T otal4 590 2,610 1,610 1, 130 1 The Wilmington Standard Metropolitan Statistical A rea (New Castle County, D e l ., and Salem County, N. J .) . The "w orkers within scope of study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to m easure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. 2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the transfer of m ilk pasteurization plants and ready-m ixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities division. s Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um -size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. 4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 5 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. 6 This industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the series A and B tables. Separate presentation of data for this division is not made for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit separate t udy, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, (4) there is possibility of disclosure f individual establishment data. 7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit m embership organizatit is; and engineering and architectural services. 3 Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data (table B - l ) a r e lim ite d to m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . T h is in fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f tota l pla n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d on the b a s is o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . In e sta b lis h m e n ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount ap plyin g to a m a jo r it y w as u s e d o r , if no am ount a p p lied to ia m a jo r it y , the c l a s s ific a t io n " o t h e r " w as u sed . In e sta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich s o m e la t e sh ift h ou rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d on ly if it a p p lied to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u r s. M in im u m e n tra n ce ra tes (ta ble B -2 ) r e la te on ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n ts v is it e d . T h ey a r e p r e s e n te d on an e sta b lis h m e n t, ra th er than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and health, in s u r a n ce , and p e n s io n plans a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y ev en tu a lly q u a lify f o r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . S ch ed u led h ou rs a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y a r e c o v e r e d . 3 B e c a u s e o f roun din g, su m s o f in div id u al ite m s in th ese ta bu la tion s m a y not equ al to ta ls . The f i r s t p a rt o f the p a id h olid a y s ta ble p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w hole and h a lf h o lid a y s a c tu a lly p r o v id e d . The s e c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w h ole and h a lf h olid a y s to sh ow total h o lid a y t i m e . D ata a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll h ealth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n plan s f o r w h ich at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x ce p tin g on ly le g a l r e q u ire m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n ^ co m p e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. Such pla n s in clu d e th o se u n d erw ritten b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n ce com p a n y and th o se p r o v id e d th rou gh a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e ra tin g funds o r fr o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . D eath b en e fits a r e in clu d ed as a fo r m o f life in s u r a n c e . S ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in su r a n ce u n d er w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a ym en ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the in s u r e d on a w eek ly o r m on th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ility . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r a ll su ch p la n s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s . H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o rk and N ew J e r s e y , w h ich have en a cted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n ce la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,4 p la n s a r e in clu d e d o n ly if the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n trib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the r e q u ir e m e n ts o f the la w . T ab u lation s o f p a id s i c k - le a v e p la n s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l p la n s 5 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll pay o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's pa y d u rin g a b s e n c e fr o m w o rk b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S ep a ra te tabu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) .plans w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y and no w aitin g p e r io d , and (2) p la n s p r o v id in g e ith e r p a r t ia l pa y o r a w aitin g p e r io d . In ad d ition to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n d u p lica ted tota l is show n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fits . The su m m a r y o f v a c a tio n plan s is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , ex clu d in g in fo r m a l plans w h e r e b y tim e o ff w ith p a y is g ra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S ep a ra te e s tim a te s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com p u tin g v a ca tio n p a y m e n ts , su ch as tim e p a y m e n ts , p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s , o r fla t -s u m am ou n ts. H o w e v e r, in the ta bu la tion s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p a ym en ts not on a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r te d ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a ym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the eq u iv a len t o f 1 w e e k 's pay. C a ta strop h e in s u r a n ce , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to as ex ten d ed m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in clu d e s th o se pla n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju ry in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s bey on d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in su r a n ce r e fe r s to pla n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le te o r p a r t ia l p a ym en t o f d o c t o r s 1 f e e s . Such plan s m a y b e u n d e rw ritte n b y c o m m e r c ia l in su r a n ce c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r th ey m a y be s e lf-in s u r e d . T ab u lation s o f r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se pla n s that p r o v id e m on th ly p a ym en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . 2 An e sta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as having a p o li c y if it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g co n d itio n s: (1) O p era ted la te sh ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te sh ifts . 3 S ch ed u led w eek ly h ou rs f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s (fir s t s e c tio n o f ta ble B -3 ) in s u r v e y s m a de p r io r to Ju ly 1957 w e r e p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o ffic e s w ith the in d ic a te d w e e k ly h ou rs f o r w om en w o r k e r s . 4 The t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R h ode Isla n d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r con trib u tion s., 5 A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as h avin g a fo r m a l p la n i f it e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a ys o f s ic k le a v e that cou ld be e x p e cte d b y e a c h e m p lo y e e . S uch a p la n n e e d n ot b e w ritten , but in fo r m a l s i c k - le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te r m in e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s is , w e r e e x clu d e d . A* Occupational Earnings 4 Table A-l. Office Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Wilmington, D el.—N. J . , September I960) A nuoi Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ W eeldyj Under 45.00 *50. 00 55. 00 60.00 hours1 and (Standard) (Standard) $ 45.00 under 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 * S S 1 % S S S S S » 1 S $ < 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 and 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 over S Men Clerks, accounting, class A __ Manufacturing______________ New Castle County______ 194 170 170 Clerks, accounting, class B __ Manufacturing______________ New Castle County--------- 58 39 31 Clerks, p ayroll________________ Manufacturing______________ 39.5 39.5 39.5 $112.50 114.50 114.50 - - - - - 11 11 - - - " - 11 38. 5 34.5 39.5 80.00 88.50 84.50 . _ - - . - 13 1 1 1 1 - 1 4 4 3 6 4 4 28 26 40.0 40.0 113.00 115.00 - - - - 1 - - Office b o y s_____________________ Manufacturing______________ New Castle County______ 40 34 34 39.5 46 0 40. 0 57.00 §9TM 59.00 - " 3 4 1 1 10 16 10 13 13 13 4 4 4 4 4 4 Tabulating-machine operators, class A _______________________ Manufacturing______________ New Castle County______ 43 34 34 39.0 39.6 39. 5 115.50 120.00 120.00 _ * _ - 83 63 50 39.0 39.5 39. 5 97.00 105.00 100.00 . “ _ ■ Billers, machine (billing machine) 48 39. 5 60.50 2 24 Billers, machine (bookkeeping m achine)__________________________ 31 39. 5 52.00 2 17 Nonmanufacturing______________ 31 30 36. 5 36. 5 70.50 70.50 ■ ” ■ ■ Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing______________ 126 36. 5 36. 0 57.50 5430 . “ToS 22 22 47 45 Clerks, accounting, class A ______ Manufacturing__________________ New Castle County__________ Nonmanufacturing______________ 148 115 115 33 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 40.0 94.50 101.00 101.00 73.50 _ - _ 4 Clerks, accounting, class B --------Manufacturing__________________ New Castle County__________ Nonmanufacturing______________ 251 203 182 48 39. 39. 39. 40. 5 5 5 0 82.50 89.00 86.50 57.00 _ - Clerks, file, class A _____________ Manufacturing__________________ New Castle County__________ 107 95 94 39.5 40.0 40. 0 90.50 92.50 92.00 _ - ' Tabulating-machine operators, Manufacturing______________ New Castle County______ _ 5 5 5 7 4 4 7 7 7 15 l6 10 19 14 14 14 7 6 6 6 4 3 3 29 28 28 12 16 3 1 1 1 1 7 7 3 1 1 - 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 1 1 10 1 1 - - - - _ 1 5 4 - 6 6 - _ * - - 2 " 1 1 13 13 13 11 16 10 13 12 12 2 -----2 2 _ _ _ _ - - 1 10 10 3 3 1 1 19 16 19 9 — 12 r ~ T2— 9 12 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - . _ _ _ - " - - 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ _ - - _ - - _ - _ - - 3 3 3 - 2 2 2 4 2 2 4 4 4 2 2 2 5 4 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 5 5 5 2 2 2 _ 1 4 _ 7 - ~ “ - 14 8 8 10 8 8 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 9 9 9 4 ■ 5 5 5 1 1 1 18 18 5 3 3 3 1 1 . _ _ 4 ! 1 9 1 1 2 ! 6 6 3 3 15 14 2 2 5 5 18 18 21 21 6 2 2 _ _ 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ - - - - - - - * - - - “ _ _ 2 2 2 17 17 17 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ - 2 2 2 - 16 13 13 3 9 9 9 - 20 6 6 14 2 2 2 4 21 13 13 8 1 1 1 - 6 3 3 3 6 35 13 13 22 27 25 24 2 12 10 10 2 5 5 5 13 13 13 16 16 16 27 27 20 19 19 6 3 3 3 2 2 2 _ - 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 26 25 25 1 23 23 23 “ 15 13 13 2 6 6 6 6 15 2 2 13 . - _ - 2 1 1 6 2 2 5 5 5 7 14 12 12 13 11 11 9 8 8 16 15 15 9 9 5 5 . _ _ _ 5 5 1 1 1 - 9 8 8 8 6 6 4 3 4 _ - 1 Women 6 12 Bookkeeping-machine operators, - ' - 5 4 7 7 5 5 5 15 14 14 1 11 11 11 12 12 12 1 1 1 1 1 _ ; - ” 5 Table A-l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division. Wilmington. D el.—N .J. . September I960) Averao* Sex. occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF S S % s I 1 S s * S $ s W eekly Under 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70.00 75.00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 earnings1 and (Standard) (Standard) $ and under 45. 00 50. 00 55.00 60.00 65. 00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 over Women— Continued Clerks, file, class B ___________________ Manufacturing _ _ New Castle County . Nonmanufacturing _ Clerks, order Clerks, payroll ______ Manufac tur ing New Castle County Nonmanufacturing . 169 95 95 74 39. 5 40. 0 40.0 39. 5 26 38. 0 $60. 70. 70. 47. 50 50 50 50 68. 00 __ . __ 96 67 56 29 39. 5 39. 0 39. 5 39. 5 79. 84. 80. 69. Comptometer operators _ Manufacturing New Castle C ou n ty ________________ 30 30 30 40. 0 40.0 40. 0 86. 50 86. 50 86. 50 Duplicating-machine operators (Mimeograph or Ditto) __ _ Manufacturing New Castle County 30 io 29 40. 0 40. 6 40.0 200 159 140 41 __ ... . 50 00 50 00 20 2 2 18 25 16 16 9 20 17 17 3 19 19 19 12 12 12 10 10 10 6 6 6 2 19 25 25 - - - - . 2 9 1 1 _ 7 _ 2 . - 5 2 - - 4 4 4 5 5 5 * - 8 4 4 4 8 5 5 3 6 6 5 3 20 8 8 12 - - _ _ 9 9 9 1 1 2 19 - _ 3 3 3 1 1 1 - _ _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ 2 _ 1 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 13 9 9 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 - - - - 7 7 7 3 3 3 1 1 1 _ _ _ - - - 2 - - - 9 8 1 1 - - - - 2 2 2 1 9 9 9 3 3 3 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 2 2 2 _ - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 7 7 7 4 4 4 - 2 2 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - 9 9 9 17 17 17 13 13 13 9 9 9 2 2 2 22 22 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - _ . _ - - - _ - _ - _ - ■ ■ “ ■ ■ - 9 9 9 _ - - - - - - - - - - i t . 50 - - 1 1 1 - 72. 00 - 3 3 3 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 38.0 80. 84. 80. 67. _ 4 - - 4 19 6 6 13 27 20 20 7 23 19 19 4 18 14 14 4 11 11 11 - 3 r i 2 - - - - - 23 16 16 7 91 87 87 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 52. 50 “ 53."86 53. 00 2 - 55 54 54 14 14 14 _ - _ - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - * 2 2 2 _ * 18 17 17 • " • ■ 1.265 1.185 1.093 80 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 38.0 110.00 112. 00 111.00 84.00 - 7 7 7 3 3 11 3 3 8 10 9 9 14 13 12 77 66 65 11 89 79 79 10 113 108 108 5 97 90 87 7 100 98 97 2 100 98 97 2 92 91 91 1 127 125 66 2 54 54 48 1 57 44 44 13 95 95 75 1 44 33 33 11 - - Stenographers, general Manufacturing ---New Castle County Nonmanufacturing 984 878 797 106 39.0 *9. 5 39. 5 36. 5 80. 82. 79. 64. 147 105 101 100 4 153 133 129 20 96 94 94 2 60 60 57 60 59 59 1 31 31 30 82 82 14 5 5 5 3 3 3 - - 15 14 11 1 8 8 8 - 52 50 49 2 _ 126 21 117 102 102 15 - - - Stenographers, technical Manufacturing New Castle County 179 157 157 39. 0 39.5 39.5 89. 50 92. 50 92. 50 14 8 8 11 9 9 24 18 18 13 12 12 20 20 20 25 25 25 16 16 16 16 16 16 13 13 13 7 7 7 6 6 6 4 4 4 2 2 2 112 65 53 47 39.0 i9.o 39.0 38. 5 16 10 10 6 10 9 8 1 11 7 5 4 9 5 4 4 9 8 6 1 14 9 8 5 4 4 3 . 4 4 _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 59 $0 48 39.0 5976 39. 0 6 6 6 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 3 3 _ - - - _ - - - - - Keypunch operators Manufacturing New Castle County Nonmanufacturing ... . Office girls _ Manufacturing New Castle County Secretaries Manufacturing New Castle County Nonmanufacturing _ Switchboard operators Manufacturing _ _ New Castle County Nonmanufacturing _ .. ......... _ Switchboard operator-receptionists _ Manufacturing New Castle County .... See footnotes at end of table, 72. 50 50 00 50 00 — 6 -------5~ 6 - - 10 7 7 3 _ - 9 - 13 - - 9 13 26 8 8 18 _ - _ - _ - 1 - 7 1 - - - - 1 79. 00 85. 00 82. 00 71.00 2 _ 4 - - - - - - 2 - 4 66. 50 68. 00 68. 00 _ - 3 3 3 _ 00 00 50 50 - _ 10 2 1 12 6 17 12 -------5“ — 5“ 3 6 14 6 17 16 16 16 16 16 - • 1 1 1 - 3 - - - _ - - - - - - 88 88 50 50 50 27 27 27 - - 2 2 2 _ _ - - - * - - _ _ . - _ - - - " - - - _ . _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - &8 6 Table A-l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Wilmington, Del.—N .J ., September I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Averaob Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of | s $ S $ S $ S $ $ S $ $ S S $ $ * $ S W eekly W eekly Under 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 hours 1 i earnings1 « and (Standard) ;(Standard) and under 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 over % Women— Continued Transcribing-machine operators, general ________ ____ ______________ ______ Manufacturing --------------------- -------- — New Castle County -------------------------------- 109 91 91 39.5 39.5 39.5 Typists, class A ------------------------- -----------Manufacturing ----------------------------------------- — New Castle County -------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------- 244 197 187 47 39. 0 ; 84. 00 40. 0 89. 00 40. 0 88. 00 36. 0 , 63.00 Typists, class B -------------------- — ---------- — Manufacturing -------------------- ------------------------New Castle County ------------------ — Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------- 256 162 145 94 63.00 39. 0 39.5 i 69.50 39.5 67.00 37. 5 ' 51. 50 $70. 00 72. 50 72. 50 - - 5 - - - - " 2 8 7 - - - 2 8 7 13 34 26 - - 3 9 9 - 34 313 17 5 5 5 25 19 19 24 21 21 15 15 15 15 15 15 6 6 6 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 3 3 10 4 4 6 22 11 11 11 10 7 7 3 13 11 11 2 15 14 14 1 15 15 15 31 30 30 1 30 27 27 3 51 48 48 3 8 8 8 8 8 48 30 30 18 39 32 32 7 28 28 28 23 20 20 3 11 8 8 8 6 6 4 9 9 11 11 2 - 9 8 4 6 - - - - - - - - 10 10 2 2 2 2 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - “ - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ - - - _ 2 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $ 35 to $40; 15 at $40 to $45. 3 All workers were at $40 to $45. Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Wilmington, Del.—N. J. , September i960) AtEBAGB S ex, o c c u p a t io n , \ D ra fts m e n , fle fh .b r and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly hours1 (Standard) Weekly earnings (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— U nder $ 7 0 . 00 S 7 0 . 00 and under 7 5 . 00 S S 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 t 8 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 ~ 8 5 . 00 “ 9 0 . 00 S S 9 0 . 00 $ 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 00 ” 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 S $ $ S 1 0 5 . 0 0 11Q . 0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 S $ S S $ 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 00 “ ~ 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 3 0 . 00 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 0 0 1 8 0 . 00 “ n o . oo “ “ " M en ---------------------------------------------------------.------------- M a n u fa c t u r in g — — ---------------------------------------------------N e w C a s t l e C o u n t y ---------------------------------------------------------D r a fts m e n , ju n io r ----------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------- --------------------- N e w C a s t l e C o u n t y --------- — — --------- — --------- — _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 0 4 .5 0 1 0 7 .0 0 1 0 6 .5 0 6 5 5 2 1 1 4 1 1 1 0 4 .5 0 1 0 5 .5 0 1 03 . 50 1 1 1 2 2 2 - 215 206 1 69 39. 0 39. 0 39. 0 $ 1 3 7 .5 0 138. 50 1 36 . 50 73 64 55 3 9 .0 38. 5 38. 5 41 39 37 3 9 .5 39. 5 39. 5 1 1 7 5 - 5 7 7 6 10 8 8 7 6 6 7 7 6 4 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 7 6 4 4 4 4 - 8 6 6 2 1 1 3 3 3 9 8 8 1 1 1 6 6 6 3 3 3 2 2 2 _ - 3 18 17 17 35 33 29 19 18 13 17 17 10 5 5 .4 15 15 12 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 33 33 26 29 29 21 23 23 20 _ _ _ - - - - - 3 _ _ _ 3 - - - “ “ W om en N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) --------------------------- — M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------------------------------N e w C a s t l e C o u n t y --------- — ------------------- — _ “ _ - " Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 1 7 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Wilmington, D el.—N. J. , September I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division Carpenters, maintenance Manufacturing ----------New Castle County- Number of workers 182 165 95 Average $ $ hourly i Under 1.70 1.80 earnings and $ under 1.70 1.80 1. 90 $3. 01 2.99 2. 81 _ _ - - $ 1.90 $ $ $ 2. 10 2. 20 2. 00 $ 2. 30 $ 2.40 2.40 2. 50 2 2 1 2. 10 14 14 14 2. 20 2 2 2 ! 2. 30 $3. 10 *3. 20 2.80 2.90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 $ $ 3. 30 3.40 $ 3. 50 $3. 60 $3. 70 3. 60 3. 70 over 13 13 13 19 19 19 54 49 48 37 37 36 39 39 30 97 97 54 64 63 4 10 10 6 7. 4 4 8 8 8 9 9 9 14 14 13 11 11 4 4 3 3 2 - - 43 43 11 - 11 22 22 9 - " - - - - - - - - " 5 5 5 - - - - - . - _ - _ - _ - _ - - _ - - • ~ " ■ ■ - - - - - - - - - " . 3 - 1 1 - 2 2 2 - 21 21 21 2 _ 6 6 6 15 15 11 7 6 6 - 1 - - Firemen, stationary boiler __ Manufacturing _____________ New Castle County ------- 90 86 68 2. 26 2. 25 2. 33 _ 9 9 9 6 6 13 13 7 _ _ - - 10 10 10 _ - 20 20 14 Helpers, trades, maintenance Manufacturing -------------------New Castle County ____ 252 217 146 2. 23 2. 28 2. 21 20 15 • 15 14 14 14 7 6 2 22 7 5 14 8 4 15 9 6 6 6 6 78 77 60 39 37 37 2.75 2. 78 2. 78 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ - - - ~ 4 4 4 - * - Machinist, maintenance ---------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------- >---New Castle County _____________________ 246 240 188 2.95 2. 94 2.88 - _ _ - - - 8 8 8 25 25 25 1 - - 3 3 3 Mechanics, automotive (maintenance) Manufacturing -------------------------------New Castle County ------------------Nonmanufacturing ________________ Public utilities 2 _______________ 143 63 33 80 70 2.77 3. 04 2. 88 2. 57 2. 54 _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - _ - - - - 3 1 2 2 Mechanics, maintenance ------------------Manufacturing ------------------ ------------New Castle County ------------- ----- 249 224 179 2. 89 2.90 2. 89 _ _ . _ _ _ . _ - - - - 9 9 9 10 8 8 Millwrights ----------------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------New Castle County ------------------- 403 384 142 3. 22 3. 20 2. 90 _ _ _ . _ - - 4 4 4 _ _ Oilers _____________________ Manufacturing --------------New Castle County — 49 47 36 2. 18 2. 16 2. 22 36 36 36 1 1 1 5 5 4 10 10 1 Painters, maintenance------Manufacturing --------------New Castle County __ 147 142 64 3. 11 3. 11 2.76 _ _ . _ _ _ 5 5 4 1 - - 9 5 5 10 10 10 4 4 4 4 4 4 25 24 9 33 33 22 13 13 1 5 5 2 . - 5 5 5 _ 1 1 1 3 3 3 7 7 3 12 12 32 5 27 25 10 5 5 5 5 8 5 5 3 3 12 12 11 3 3 27 26 16 14 14 13 7 7 7 3 3 1 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 _ 2 2 2 - 5 5 5 6 6 l 2. 84 2. 86 2. 65 . 15 15 1 3 3 3 176 170 114 - 28 28 3 9 8 8 Engineers, stationary -------------------------------------- - 21 21 9 15 14 11 1 _ 26 24 20 19 19 10 1 1 24 24 23 10 10 4 _ - - 1 - 3. 50 1 1 1 20 20 20 _ - 3.40 8 8 8 - - 1 _ _ 2.70 1 1 1 _ - 2..60 8 2 1 - $ 3.00 2 2 2 - See footnotes at end of table, *2. 90 7 7 5 3. 12 3. 10 3. 02 Machine-tool operators, toolroom Manufacturing -------------------------New Castle County -------------- $ 2. 80 8 8 4 423 405 270 - $ 2.70 and 2.00 Electricians, maintenance -----------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------New Castle County --------------------------------- New Castle County --------------------------------- $ 2. 50 $2.60 _ - • - 9 - - 3 3 3 10 - . - _ ■ . - 9 9 9 11 11 11 2 2 2 5 5 5 4 4 4 12 12 12 20 20 20 59 57 52 52 52 51 6 6 1 16 16 6 8 8 7 7 - “ ■ ■ 16 5 5 11 6 21 21 21 2 2 2 2 2 - 6 6 - 19 19 4 - - - - 6 4 4 2 2 6 6 3 - - 10 5 5 5 5 - - 7 6 6 15 12 12 5 5 5 14 14 14 37 19 18 14 14 8 25 25 18 30 30 14 19 19 19 8 8 6 7 7 7 2 2 2 5 5 5 3 3 3 10 10 3 ! 6 6 6 12 12 12 1 1 1 16 16 15 32 32 30 64 64 46 51 51 147 147 13 13 _ 19 - " - * - 4 4 4 3 3 3 8 8 8 4 2 2 . . . . - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - 2 2 2 _ - - 3 1 1 33 33 33 8 8 8 4 4 3 5 5 5 1 1 1 - " - - 3 2 ~ . . - - - - - 19 17 1 51 51 1 1 - 3 3 4 4 _ - 8 Table A -3. M aintenance and Pow erplant O cc u p a tio n s— Continued (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Wilmington, Del.—N .J ., September I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d i v is i o n Number of workera Average hourly , U n d e r earnings1 $ 1. 70 P ip e f it t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______ N ew C a s tle C ou n ty ---------------------------------------— — ______________ ------------------ 405 3 62 1 79 $ 3. 28 3. 19 2. 98 S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s (m a in t e n a n c e ) -------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ ________________ N e w C a s t l e C o u n t y ----------------- ------------------------- 57 57 26 3. 17 3. 17 3. 0 3 ----------------- — T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s _____________________ ____________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------------N e w C a s t l e C o u n t y ----------------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 1 60 1 52 1 50 3. 08 3. 10 3 . 10 $ 1 .7 0 under 1 .8 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 X- 2.QL 2. 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 8 8 7 - - " - - 7 7 7 3 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - ■ " " - ■ $ 2 . 30 $ $ 2. 4 0 2. 50 $ $ $ 2 . 60 2 . 70 2. 80 S 2 . 90 $ $ 3. 0 0 3. 10 _ “ - - $ 2 . 20 . . . - - - 2 . 50 - 2. 70 4 4 4 2 2 - 2 2 2 _ _ _ . - - - - - “ . - 2. 6 0 5 5 5 4 4 2 . - 2. 4 0 - 6 5 5 4 4 4 - 10 6 6 2. 80 2 . 90 3. 0 0 3. 10 3. 2 0 $ 3. 2 0 3. 30 s 3. 30 $ 3. 4 0 $ 3. 5 0 " - % e 3. 7 0 and 3 .6 0 - 3. 4 0 3. 50 3. 6 0 3. 7 0 over 8 8 8 14 14 14 6 6 6 18 18 15 71 71 64 50 50 38 40 40 2 104 104 2 18 18 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 . 8 8 8 9 9 9 12 12 13 13 6 6 2 2 _ _ 4 - - - - - 39 38 38 4 4 4 13 13 11 2 2 2 1 1 1 36 36 36 32 32 32 6 6 6 _ - 7 5 5 2 2 4 43 - _ ■ Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Workers were distributed as follows: 1 at $ 1. 30 to $ 1.40; 4 at $ 1.40 to $ 1.50; 1 a t $ 1 . 6 0 t o $ 1 .7 0 . All workers were at $4 to $ 4 . 10. Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Wilmington, Del.—N .J ., September I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation1 and industry division Number of workers Average hourly 2 earnings' $ Under 1. 10 and $ under 1. 10 1. 20 Manufacturing ------— —--------------------------------New Castle County -------------------------------- Nonmanufacturing ------------------ --------------------- 219 185 177 34 $ 2. 26 2. 35 2. 36 1.81 Janitors, porters, and cleaners (men) -------- Manufacturing --------------------------------------------New Castle County --------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------Public utilities 3 ------------------------------------- 752 637 566 115 32 1.99 2.07 2.05 1.52 1.92 Janitors, porters, and cleaners (women) -----Manufacturing — -----------—----------------- —-------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------- - 70 28 42 1.54 1.85 1. 34 Laborers, material handling -------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------New Castle County --------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------Public utilities 3 ------------------------------------- 879 638 546 241 136 2. 23 2. 22 2. 28 2. 26 2. 33 See footnotes at end of table, - - 9 4 - - 9 4 - - 13 _ ■ 5 2 - 2 13 - - 5 $ $ $ $ $ 1. 60 1. 70 1.80 1.90 2. 00 $ 2. 10 1. 50 “ 1. 60 ■ 1.70 ■ 1.80 ~ 1. 90 ■ 2. 00 ~ 2. 10 ■ 2. 20 1 1 n - - 6 2 2 4 21 17 11 4 19 17 17 2 1 1 - - 5 17 13 13 4 2 41 38 24 3 3 124 115 115 9 8 55 55 52 3 4 2 1 4 $ 1. 30 ■ 1. 30 ■ 1.40 3 - $ 1. 40 _ 3 1 1 2 2 9 24 3 3 21 9 4 4 5 19 3 3 16 40 14 14 26 - ■ 1 3 13 3 3 - 3 “ 15 7 8 2 2 21 21 21 15 15 9 - - 11 6 6 5 $ 1. 50 t 1. 20 13 8 8 4 2 2 2 ■ 98 92 43 6 33 33 5 9 9 9 $ 2. 20 2. 30 14 14 14 - - 57 55 55 2 2 40 40 36 _ 138 122 122 16 16 4 4 1 1 3 3 6 6 42 20 20 60 22 22 60 55 - 3 8 8 8 - - “ _ - - " - $ 2. 30 ■ 2. 40 40 40 40 131 131 125 " “ 75 65 65 10 10 S $ $ $ 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 ■ 2. 50 2. 60 ■ 2. 70 ■ 2. 80 4 4 4 24 24 22 27 27 27 - - 44 44 ■ ■ _ - - 466 370 369 96 24 $ 2. 80 ■ 2. $ 2. 90 30_ 3. 00 s 3. 00 S 3. 10 3. 10 and over - - - - 33 28 28 5 - ■ _ ■ ■ _ ■ - ■ . - . - . “ _ ■ _ _ _ - - - 25 5 2 - 3 2 2 1 1 - _ - _ - _ - 23 23 - - 9 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division* Wilmington* Del. —N. J. . September I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers Occupation 1 and industry division Order fillers Manufacturing New Castle County Packers* shipping Manufacturing New Castle County _ _ _ Receiving clerks _ Manufacturing _ New Castle C o u n ty ---------------------------------Shipping clerks Manufacturing _ Shipping and receiving clerks Manufacturing _____ ____ _ New Castle C o u n ty ______________________ Truckdrivers * __ Manufacturing New Castle County _ Nonmanufacturing Public utilities * _ Avenge hourly g earnings Under 1. 10 and under i .i o 1. 20 S 2. 30 1 1.90 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1. 70 1.80 1.90 2. 00 * S 2. 30 S 2.40 2. 50 2.60 2. 70 S 2.80 *2. 90 1. 00 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3.00 3. 10 85 59 53 $ 2 .0 5 2. 15 2. 13 - - - 1 1 - 8 8 8 - 4 4 4 10 10 6 11 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 2 2 2 98 60 60 2. 14 1.89 1.89 . - _ - . - . - . - 7 7 7 3 3 3 14 14 14 18 16 18 _ - 6 - l22 10 6 85 74 39 2. 70 2.82 2. 37 _ - . - _ - 1 _ - 7 - _ - 1 - - 1 1 4 4 3 2 1 1 8 8 6 7 5 5 t 100 3.05 3. 19 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - " 5 3 _ - 6 6 _ - 11 2 . - 1 1 . 89 - 85 76 75 2.44 2. 51 2. 52 . ■ _ ” . “ . - _ - 4 “ 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 _ " 4 4 4 4 4 4 _ - 509 ----- 258 196 251 77 2. 54 "2.~57 2.43 2. 52 2. 52 . - . - . - . - 10 8 8 8 5 15 3 10 10 10 - 3 1 12 7 - 3 3 3 - 20 - 1 1 4 ------ 4 r 4 4 3 - 10 _ 4 12 1 _ 2 . 3 r 3 1 1 1 18 18 18 1 1 - 2 2 - “ - 7 - 4 ------ 7 T 4 - _ 148 76 51 2.47 2. 37 2.09 . - - - - 4 ------ 44 Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Manufacturing New Castle County 157 115 91 2.76 2.76 2.62 ~ - - ■ 435 425 255 2.41 FTI 2.40 _ - _ - 39 *6 34 1. 72 1. 67 . - 68 1.66 61 54 1. 64 3 -------r 3 1.68 . 2 2 8 - ------ 8~ 8 - 1 1 1 2 2 — “ “ - “ " . ■ _ - 1 ■ 1 1 1 _ - 80 80 9 - - - * 4 4 4 - - 19 19 19 _ - 2 4 4 4 10 10 3 - - Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends* holidays* and late shifts. Transportation* communication* and other public utilities. All workers were at $ 3.40 to $ 3. 50. Workers were distributed as follows: 2 at $ 3. 30 to $ 3.40; 66 at $ 3.40 to $ 3. 50. Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. Workers were distributed as follows: 1 at $ 3. 30 to $ 3.40; 20 at $ 3.40 to $ 3. 50. 2. 20 S 1.80 _ __ 2. 10 $ 1.70 . Watchmen Manufacturing 2. 00 *1.60 . Truckers, power (other than forklift) Manufacturing New Castle County 2. 20 S 1. 50 2. 19 Truckers, power ( f o r k l i f t ) ____________________ Manufacturing __ New Castle County 2. 10 t 1.40 62 _____ 1 V 30 Truckdrivers, medium ( l 1/* to and including 4 tons) Manufac tur ing New Castle County Truckdrivers* light (under lVi tons) t 1. 20 10 - " ” 6 19 19 ii 3 3 27 1 12 12 12 8 8 8 - ■ " 1 1 1 3 - 12 12 10 30 30 30 15 14 7 . 1 _ - 27 3. 10 and over 28 28 28 - - - 1 1 1 - _ - 38 - _ - _ - _ - . - . - _ - 12 6 6 6 _ - _ - _ - 4 32 - 12 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 2 4 4 *68 >68 36 35 35 7 7 7 _ ■ 11 10 ll 9 9 _ " - 1 1 1 39 25 25 14 14 174 62 3 152 62 103 103 93 - 16 16 4 - 30 30 - 2 _ 22 1 1 1 14 71 12 12 1 1 " “ " 87 87 87 42 " 25 25 14 135 132 116 61 55 55 5 5 5 3 3 _ _ _ _ - 10 10 2 2 3 3 3 — rr 22 21 11 _ 2 -------F - - 32 - 1 1 1 59 - - - 8 _ _ 1 _ _ 2 2 1 1 ■ " 12 12 9 9 ■ 1 1 ” 4 4 4 721 7n ■ 2 2 “ 2 " 1 15 15 56 56 2 2 2 i i ■ _ _ _ _ . i 10 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Shift Differentials (Shift differentials of manufacturing plant workers by type and amount of differential, Wilmington, Del.—N .J ., September I960) Percent of manufacturing plant workers— Shift differential In establishments having form al provisions 1 for— Second shift work Total ----------------------- : ..................................................... Third or other shift work Actually working on— Second shift Third or other shift 94. 8 88. 0 18. 4 7. 4 91. 7 8 5 .4 18. 3 7. 3 ---------------------------- 62. 3 54. 9 9. 6 5. 4 Under 5 cents ------------------------------------------5 cents ------------------------------------------------------6 cents ------------------------------------------------------7 cents ------------------------------------------------------7l/z cents _________________________________ 8 cents --------------------------------------------------- 9 cents ------------------------------------------------------10 cents —_______________ ___ __ ___________ _ 11 cents ----------------------------------------------------12 cents or 1 h cents --------------------------1 3 cents ------ ------------------------------------------15 cents ----------------------------------------------------16 cents ----------------------------------------------------17 cents ----------------------------------------------------Over 17 cents ------------------------------------------- .8 8. 8 3. 6 4. 3 .5 6. 4 1. 2 6. 3 1 .8 24. 4 3. 2 .8 1. 1 ( 2) 1 .3 .7 .9 With shift pay differential -------------------------------- Uniform cents (per hour) - _ - .9 2. 3 3. 2 3 .5 2. 6 5 .9 1 .9 3. 5 1. 1 20. 7 3. 0 2. 1 3. 2 ------------------------------------- 24. 5 24. 6 7. 6 .7 5 percent --------------------------------------------------7 percent --------------------------------------------------73/ 4 percent ----------------------------------------------10 percent ------------------------------------------------- 22. 4 .8 1. 2 " .8 23. 8 6. 9 .4 .3 - ( 2) .7 Other form al pay differential ---------------------- 4. 9 5. 9 1. 1 1. 1 No shift pay differential ------------------------------------ 3. 1 2. 5 .2 .1 Uniform percentage - - 1.7 1. 3 .2 2. 3 .9 - .4 .2 .2 .3 .4 .8 .4 .5 - 1. . . . 9 3 3 2 - 1 Includes establishments currently operating late shifts, and establishments with form al provisions covering late shifts even though they were not currently operating late shifts. 2 Less than 0. 05 percent. 11 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (Distribution of establishments studied in all industries and in industry divisions by minimum entrance salary for selected categories of inexperienced women office workers, Wilmington, D e l.—N. J. , September I960) In e x p e rie n c e d t y p is ts O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 M a n u fa c tu r in g M in im u m w e e k ly s a l a r y 1 E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d ie d N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g A ll s c h e d u le s 3 7 1/ 2 XXX XXX 39 40 _____________ 89 50 E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ____ ____________ __ _____ 44 27 5 21 1 - _ _ _ - - - 3 1 3 7 5 1 1 - 2 - 1 3 5 4 1 1 - $ 35 . 00 $ 3 7 . 50 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 50. 00 $ 5 2 . 50 $ 55 . 00 $ 5 7 . 50 $ 6 0 . 00 $ 6 2 . 50 $ 6 5 . 00 $ 6 7 . 50 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 2 . 50 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and u nder u nder u nder u nder under under u nder u nder u nder unde r u nder under u nder under u nder u nder under over $ 3 7 . 50 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 50. 00 $ 5 2 . 50 $ 55. 00 $ 5 7 . 50 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 2 . 50 $ 6 5 . 00 $ 6 7 . 50 $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 2 .5 0 $ 7 5. 00 _________ ----------------------------_________ _________ ----------------------------------_________ -------------_________ _________ --------------------------_________ _________ $ 77. 50 ---------------------------------------- 6 1 3 2 4 4 8 5 1 1 1 M a n u f a c t u r in g B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f— A ll in d u s tr ie s 1 2 2 1 - A ll sc h e d u le s 35 A ll s c h e d u le s 40 N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g B a s e d o n s ta n d a r d w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— A ll i ndus t r i 6 s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s 35 40 XXX XXX 39 XXX XXX 37V 2 XXX XXX 89 50 17 5 10 52 30 5 24 22 6 14 1 - _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ 9 1 6 6 8 4 6 3 1 1 1 - 2 - _ - _ _ 2 - 4 - 4 3 3 3 5 3 1 1 1 - 3 1 - 2 1 - 4 - 1 2 6 1 1 4 1 1 - 1 1 - 2 - 2 1 5 1 1 1 - 2 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 - 1 2 2 1 - 1 7 1 2 3 5 1 1 - 3 - 3 2 _ 1 1 _ - 2 2 2 1 1 - ' 2 2 5 3 - 3 ___ 8 6 XXX XXX 2 XXX XXX 12 6 XXX XXX 6 XXX XXX E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n ot e m p l o y w o r k e r s in t h is c a t e g o r y __________ _________ _____ 37 17 XXX XXX 20 XXX XXX 25 14 XXX XXX 11 XXX XXX $ 75. 00 $ 77. 50 E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g no s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ___________ Lowest salary rate form ally established for hiring inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs. Rates applicable to m essen gers, office g irls, or sim ilar subclerical jobs are not considered. Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the m ost common workweeks reported. 12 Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours pf first-sh ift workers, Wilmington, Del.—N. J. , September I960) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W ORKERS Weekly hours All industries1 All workers ---------------------------------------------------------- Under 35 hours --------------------- ----------------------- 35 hours —-------------- ---------------------------- ----------Over 35 and under 37l /2 hours -----------------------3 7 V 2 hours ----------------------------------------------------------Over 3 7 V 2 and under 40 hours -----------------------40 hours ----------- ------------------ ---------------- ----- —— Over 40 and under 48 hours —--------------------------48 hours -----------------------------------------------------------Over 48 hours ----------------------- --------------------------- 1 2 3 4 100 1 14 1 10 1 73 (4) (4) M anufacturing 100 2 1 2 12 (4) 83 (4) - Public utilities2 100 All industries3 M anufacturing 100 100 19 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 - - - 77 87 3 6 (4) 90 1 3 2 - - 2 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Less than 0. 5 percent. Pu blic utilities2 100 _ _ _ 90 10 _ 13 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Wilmington, D e l.—N. J. , September I960) O F FIC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W ORKERS Item All industries1 A ll workers _ __ _ Workers in establishments providing paid holidays _ ___ Workers in establishments providing no paid holidays M anufacturing Public utilities2 All industries3 M anufacturing Public utilities2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 99 100 ■ “ 2 1 1 12 18 28 2 7 ■ Number off days 5 holidays 6 holidays 6 holidays plus 6 holidays plus 7 holidays 7 holidays plus 7 holidays plus 8 holidays 8 holidays plus 9 holidays 9 holidays plus 11 holidays 13 holidays __ (4) 4 1 half d a y ______________________ 2 half days 1 half day 2 half days ____________________ 1 half day 1 half day (4) 8 14 1 (4) 56 2 (4) 3 10 2 (4) 2 1 9 12 1 1 74 - 1 - (4) 25 1 22 2 48 - 1 34 1 2 - ' ' (4) 1 - - 23 27 1 1 38 “ (4) 40 - 32 3 23 " Total holiday time5 13 or m ore days 11 or m ore days 9 l/z or m ore d a y s ----------------------------------------------9 or m ore d a y s --------------------------------------------------8 1/* or m ore days _ _ _ 8 or m ore d a y s ---------------------------------------------------7 Vz or m ore d a y s _______________________________ 7 or m ore days 6 l/t or m ore days _ 6 or m ore days 5 or m ore days _ _ ------ 2 11 14 14 16 72 73 96 96 99 100 _ - 75 76 98 98 99 100 _ _ . 48 50 50 74 74 99 99 100 100 - - 2 3 3 38 38 84 84 96 98 - 39 40 90 90 97 99 . - 23 27 27 59 59 99 99 100 100 1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 L e ss than 0. 5 percent. 5 A ll combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. 14 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Wilmington, Del.—N .J ., September I960) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W ORKERS Vacation policy All industries * All workers --------------------------- ----------------------- - 100 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 2 M anufacturing 100 100 100 100 Public utilities 2 100 Method of paymont W orkers in establishments providing paid vacations --------------------------------------------------Length-of-tim e payment -----------------------------Percentage payment -------------------------------------F lat-su m payment ---------------------------------------Othe r --------------------------------------------------------------W orkers in establishments providing no paid vacations ---------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 90 100 100 90 100 - - - 3 3 - - - - - 5 7 _ " " 1 (5) 88 6 1 " ~ Amount of vacation p a y 4 After 6 months of service Under 1 week ___________________ ____________ 1 week ----------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks -------------------------------2 weeks ----------------------------------------------- -------------- 77 5 5 _ 23 - _ 16 17 9 4 - - - - - 62 31 2 - 4 95 42 58 62 1 1 35 36 20 53 5 41 57 6 36 37 63 34 66 After 1 year of service week -------------------------------------------- ---------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ;----------------------2 weeks 1 12 - 88 62 3 35 After 2 years of service week ___________________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks -------------------------------2 weeks ------------------------------------------------------- -----1 6 3 1 1 94 96 4 76 ( 5) After 3 years of service 1 week ------------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ----------------------- -----2 weeks ______________________ __________________ 3 weeks ,.--------------------------------------------------------------- 4 1 17 22 20 1 2 95 83 26 94 50 34 46 1 2 " 1 1 - After 5 years of service week ------------------------------------ --------------- --------Over 1 and under 2 weeks -------------------------------2 weeks __________________________________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks -------------------------------1 See footnotes at end of table. 1 (5) 95 0 ( 5) 96 - - 4 3 _ 100 - 3 3 1 2 92 93 1 1 2 1 ( 5) 99 - 15 Table B-5. Paid Vacatbns-Continued (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Wilmington, D e l.—N .J . , September I960) Oi l It E W O R K E R S PLAN T W O RK ER S Vacation policy All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities-2 All industries3 M anufacturing Public utilities2 Amount of vocation p a y 4— Continued After 10 years of service 1 week __ 2 weeks _ Over 2 and under 3 weeks _ ____ ___ 3 weeks ______ __ __ ___ __ 1 26 1 73 ( 5) 13 2 85 _ 92 - 8 3 39 19 38 3 32 24 41 3 7 88 1 3 3 95 2 97 - - 3 6 54 35 3 3 54 41 (5) 85 - 15 After 15 years of service 1 week _________ 2 weeks 3 weeks __________________________________________ 4 weeks 1 4 95 99 ( 5) - ( 5) ( 5) _ 5 95 (5) After 20 years of service 1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks _ _ _ __ ......... . 1 4 40 56 26 73 1 4 24 1 70 23 2 75 ( 5) ( 5) _ 2 98 ( 5) 97 3 After 25 years of service 1 week 2 weeks ................... 3 weeks Over 3 and under 4 weeks 4 weeks __ ............... 1 2 3 4 service 5 __ __ ( 5) ( 5) _ 2 50 _ 48 3 6 47 2 40 3 ( 5) 3 49 3 43 74 - 26 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Periods of service were arbitrarily chosen and do not necessarily reflect the individual provisions for progressions. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years' include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. L ess than 0. 5 percent. NOTE; In tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length of t i m e ," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-su m payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. 16 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (Percent of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, Wilmington, Del.—N .J ., September I960) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W O RK ERS Type of benefit All industries1 A ll workers _______ ____________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries3 M anufacturing Pu blic u tilities2 100 100 100 100 100 100 Life insurance ----------------------------------------------Accidental death and dismemberment insurance -------------------------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both 4 ------------------------------------ 97 99 81 88 96 70 22 15 27 36 36 39 96 99 81 88 95 70 Sickness and accident insurance ----------Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) --------------------------------------Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period) -------------------------------- ------ 63 86 5 80 94 15 80 91 11 30 33 - 9 2 68 8 4 55 Hospitalization insurance ------------------------ Surgical insurance ---------- ----------------------- Medical insurance -------------------- ----------------Catastrophe insurance ---------------------------------Retirement pension --------- --------------------------No health, insurance, or pension plan ------ 95 93 87 16 90 99 97 95 6 94 (5) 76 76 72 26 74 93 90 77 13 79 3 98 95 84 9 88 2 71 71 61 41 68 W orkers in establishments providing: 1 1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick-leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick-leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. 5 Less than 0. 5 percent. 17 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. B ille r , m achine (b illin g m achine )— Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. B ille r , machine (bookkeeping machine) — Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types o f sales and credit slips. C la ss A — Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. C la ss B — Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping* Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING C la s s A — Under general direction o f a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts IB CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. C la s s B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting sirriple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. CLERK, FILE C la s s A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter files, cla ssifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s. May per form incidental clerical duties. C la s s B — Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or a ssists in locating material in file s. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives custom ers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. 19 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. D oes not include transcribing-m achine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. D oes not in clu d e transcribing-m achine work . SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office ca lls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or c le r ic a l work may take the major part o f this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR C la ss A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. D oes not include working supervisors,performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C la ss B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. C la ss C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. 20 TYPIST TYPIST— Continued Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing processes. May do clerical work involving little specia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. C la s s A — Performs one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. C la s s B — Performs one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licies, e tc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. P R O F E S S IO N A L A ND T E C H N IC A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May assist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or -structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the fo llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR TRACER Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Duties involve a combination o f the fo llo w in g : Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-section s, e tc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p encil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 21 MAINTENANCE D PO W E R PLAN T CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded . HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp ecific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 22 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary du ties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipe fittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications* In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers prim arily engaged in in sta llin g and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are e xclu d e d . 23 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo se tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . C U S T O D IA L A ND M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the fo llo w in g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte-* nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In clu d e s gatemen who are station ed at gate and check on id e n tity o f em ployees and other persons entering . JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the fo llo w in g: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 24 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshorem en , who load and unload sh ip s are exclu d ed . ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: R e c e iv in g cle rk Shipping cle rk Shipping and re ce iv in g cle rk TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D river-salesm en and over-the-road drivers are exclu ded. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number o f units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may in vo lve one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a c k e rs who a lso make wooden boxes or cra tes are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work in v o lv e s: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. R e c e iv in g work in v o lv e s: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s i z e s listed separately) Truckdriver light (under lV2 ton s) , T ru ckd rive r , medium (1% to and in clu din g 4 to n s) T ru ckd rive r , heavy (o ve r 4 to n s , tra ile r type) T ru ckd rive r , heavy (o v e r 4 to n s , other than tra ile r type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified by type of truck, as follow s: T ru cke r , pow er (fo rk lift) T ru cke r , pow er (other than fo rk lift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. * U S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : I960 0 — 577584 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys will be conducted in the 82 major labor markets listed below during late I960 and early 1961. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25» D .C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for 80 labor markets, combined with additional analysis, w ill be issued early in 1962. Akron, Ohio— Bull. 1285Albany—Schenectady-Troy, N .Y .— Bull. 1285Albuquerque, N. Mex.— Bull. 1285Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a .-N .J .— Bull. 1285Atlanta, Ga.— Bull. 1285Baltimore, Md.— Bull. 1285Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x .— Bull. 1285Birmingham, Ala.— Bull. 1285Boise, Idaho— Bull. 1285Boston, Mass.— Bull. 1285-15 Buffalo, N.Y.— Bull. 1285Burlington, Vt.— Bull. 1285Canton, Ohio— Bull. 1285Charleston, W. V a.— Bull. 1285Charlotte, N .C .— Bull. 1285Chattanooga, Tenn.—Ga.— Bull. 1285-14 Chicago, 111.— Bull. 1285Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.— Bull. 1285Cleveland, Ohio— Bull. 1285*11 Columbus, Ohio— Bull. 1285* Dallas, T ex .— Bull. 1285Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111.— Bull. 1285-16 Dayton, Ohio— Bull. 1285Denver, C olo.-—Bull. 1285Des Moines, Iowa— Bull. 1285Detroit, Mich.— Bull. 1285Fort Worth, T ex .— Bull. 1285- * Green Bay, Wis.— Bull. 1285-2 Greenville, S.C .— Bull. 1285Houston, T ex.— Bull. 1285Indianapolis, Ind.— Bull. 1285Jackson, M iss.— Bull. 1285Jacksonville, F la.— Bull. 1285Kansas City, Mo.—Kans.— Bull. 1285-18 Lawrence—Haverhill, Mass.—N.H.— Bull. 1285* * Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark.— Bull. 1285-6 Los Angeles—Long Beach, C alif.— Bull. 1285Lou isville, Ky.—Ind.— Bull. 1285Lubbock, T ex.— Bull. 1285♦ Manchester, N.H.— Bull. 1285-1 Memphis, Tenn.— Bull. 1285Miami, F la .— Bull. 1285* Milwaukee, Wis.— Bull. 1285Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.— Bull. 1285Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich.— Bull. 1285* Newark and Jersey City, N .J.— Bull. 1285New Haven, Conn.-—Bull. 1285* N ew O r le a n s , L a . — B u ll. 1285* New York, N .Y .— Bull. 1285* Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, V a.— Bull. 1285* * Oklahoma City, Okla.— Bull. 1285-3 Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa— Bull. 1285-13 Paterson—Clifton—P assaic, N.J.— Bull. 1285Philadelphia, P a.— Bull. 1285Phoenix, Ariz.— Bull. 1285- Pittsburgh, P a.— Bull. 1285* Portland, Maine— Bull. 1285* Portland, Oreg.—Wash.— Bull. 1285Providence—Pawtucket, R .I.—Mass.— Bull. 1285**R aleigh , N.C.— Bull. 1285-5 Richmond, Va.— Bull. 1285Rockford, 111.— Bull. 1285St. Louis, Mo.-111.— Bull. 1285-10 Salt Lake City, Utah— Bull. 1285San Antonio, T ex.— Bull. 1285* * San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, C a lif.— Bull. 1285-4 San Francisco—Oakland, C a lif.— Bull. 1285Savannah, Ga.— Bull. 1285Scranton, Pa.— Bull. 1285-8 Seattle, Wash.:— Bull. 1285-7 Sioux F alls, S. Dak.— Bull. 1285-17 South Bend, Ind.— Bull. 1285* Spokane, Wash.-—Bull. 1285Toledo, Ohio— Bull. 1285* Trenton, N.J.— Bull. 1285* Washington, D .C .—Md.—Va.— Bull. 1285Waterbury, Conn.— Bull. 1285Waterloo, Iowa— Bull. 1285Wichita, Kans.— Bull. 1285*9 Wilmington, D el.—N.J .— Bull. 1285-12 Worcester, Mass.— Bull. 1285York, P a.— Bull. 1285- An asterisk preceding a labor market indicates the availability and price of the bulletin. Please do noi order copies in advance. * *♦ Price, 20 cents. Price, 25 cents.
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