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TOLEDO, OHIO MARCH 1962 Bulletin No. 1303-47 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey TOLEDO, OHIO MARCH 1962 Bulletin No. 1303-47 April 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 2 5 cents Contents Preface Page The Bureau of Labor Statistics annually conducts occupational wage surveys in 82 labor markets. The studies provide data on occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A preliminary report furnishing trend data and average earnings is released within a month of the completion of each study. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the preliminary report. Two bulletins, bringing together the results of all of the area surveys, are issued after completion of the final area bulletin in the current round of surveys. The first of these bulletins will be available late in 1962 and the other early in 1963. During the survey year, summary releases presenting areawide occupational earn ings data for 25 to 30 labor markets, are issued as data become available. This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Chicago, 111., by Marvin Click, under the direction of Elliott A. Browar. The study was under the general direction of Woodrow C. Linn, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. Introduction _____________________________________________________________ Wage trends for selected occupational groups _________________________ 1 3 Tables: 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey ____________ 2. Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups ____________________________________________ A: Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations—men and women _______________________ A -2. Professional and technical occupations—men and women ________________________________________________ A -3 . Office, professional, and technical occupations—men and women combined ____ A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations ____ A -5 . Custodial and material movement occupations 2 3 4 6 vO O O - 0 The Labor Market Occupational Wage Survey Program Appendixes: A. Changes in occupational descriptions ___________________________ B. Occupational descriptions _______________________________________ * NOTE: Similar tabulations for these items and also tabulations on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are available in previous area reports for Toledo and for other major areas. A directory indicating the areas, dates of study, and prices of these reports is available upon request. Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, local-transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. iii 11 13 Occupational Wage Survey—T oledo, Ohio Introduction are presented (in the A-series tables) for the following types of occu pations: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) mainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material movement. This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U.S. De partment of Labor *a Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an area basis. The bulletin presents current occupational employment and earnings information obtained largely by mail from the establishments visited by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey for occupations reported in that earlier study. Personal visits were made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes since the previous survey. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i . e . , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-ofliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. In each area, data are obtained from representative establish ments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transpor tation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. Average earnings of men and women are presented separately for selected occupations in which both sexes are commonly employed. Differences in pay levels of men and women in these occupations are largely due to (l) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties per formed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of serv ice or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usu ally more generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as re lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earn ings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational clas sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. (See appendix for listing of these descriptions.) Earnings data 1 2 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n um ber studied in T o le d o , O hio, N um ber o f es ta b lis h m e n ts In du stry d iv is io n A ll d iv is io n s M an u factu rin g ___ __________________________ _______________ W ithin s c o p e o f study * _ _________________________________________________ T ra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilitie s 1 4 ___________________________________ 3 2 W h o le s a le t r a d e 56 _____ __ ________________________________ R e ta il tra d e 5 ________________________________________ ____ F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e 5 ______ __ _______ S e r v ic e s • --------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- Studied by m a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n , 2 M a r c h 1962 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ith in s c o p e o f study Studied 295 121 77, 200 55, 040 137 158 61 60 47, 300 2 9 ,9 0 0 3 6 ,1 3 0 18, 910 33 30 49 20 26 17 9 21 5 8 9, 3, 11, 2, 2, 800 800 200 600 500 7, 1, 7, 1, 1, 350 510 760 250 040 1 The T o le d o Standard M e tro p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L u ca s C ounty. The " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y " e s t im a t e s show n in this table p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n of the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t im a t e s a r e not in ten ded, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th er a r e a e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r l e v e ls s in c e ( l ) plan n in g o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f e sta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d e d itio n o f the Standard In d u s tria l C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u se d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n . M a jo r ch an ges fr o m the e a r l ie r e d itio n (u s e d in the B u r e a u 's la b o r m a r k e t w age s u r v e y s co n d u cte d p r i o r t o Ju ly 1958) a r e the t r a n s f e r o f m ilk p a s t e u r iz a t io n plan ts and r e a d y -m ix e d c o n c r e t e e sta b lis h m e n ts f r o m tra d e (w h o le s a le o r re ta il) to m an u factu rin g, and the t r a n s f e r o f r a d io and t e le v is i o n b r o a d c a s t in g fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tr a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s d iv is io n . 3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r ab o v e the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n (50 e m p lo y e e s ). A ll o u tle ts (w ith in the a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s tr ie s as tra d e , fin a n ce , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o t io n -p ic t u r e th e a te rs a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r tr a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e e x clu d e d . 5 T h is in d u stry d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s . S ep a ra te p r e s e n t a t io n o f data f o r th is d iv is io n is not m ad e f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p loym en t in the d iv is io n is t o o s m a ll t o p r o v id e enough d ata to m e r it se p a r a te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it se p a ra te p re se n ta tion , (3) r e s p o n s e w a s in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequate t o p erm it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in divid u al e s ta b lis h m e n t data. 6 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are percents of change in salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per cents of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for over time and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The per centages are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The of fice clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A, B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, pay roll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs were included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; me chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average sal T a b le 2. aries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by the average employ ment in the job during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an ag gregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio of these group aggregates for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percent of change from the one period to the other. The percent of change measures, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, force expan sions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and result in a drop in the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. The movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other area establishments. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effects of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the percents of change influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. P e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e in standard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly earn in gs fo r s e le cte d o ccu p a tio n a l groups in T o le d o , O h io, M a r c h 1961 to M a rch 1962 O ccu p ation a l group O ffice c le r i c a l (m en and w om en ) ____________________________ Industrial n u rse s (m en and w o m e n ) _______________ ...________ Skilled plant ( m e n ) ____________________________________________ U nskilled plant (men) __ ____________________________________ A ll in d u s trie s 2. 2. 2. 2. 3 0 3 2 M anufacturing 2 .0 2 .0 1. 9 2. 2 4 A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , T oledo, Ohio, M arch 1962) Average Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OPT l s :S S $ s $ $ $ $ 3 S $ $ S $ $ $ is $ $ $ $ Weekly^ Weekly x 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 1 lO.OOjl 15.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 hours and ! (Standard) (Standard) under “ ■ “ “ ■ " " ■ ~ ■ ~ ■ 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00! 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00ll20.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 over 1 i ! ! Men C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A __________ M anufacturing ----------------------------------- 81 76 39.5 39.5 _ $117.00 117.00 _ - - ' _ ! 1 5 i j 5 1 1 j 1 1 2 2 C lerks, accounting, c la s s B __________ Manufacturing ______________________ 53 40 39.5 39.5 96.00 100.50 _ C lerks, p a yroll ________________________ M anufacturing ______________________ 37 31 40.0 40.0 105.00 105.50 _ - - - - - - O ffice boys _____________________________ Manufacturing ______________________ 64 40 39.5 39.5 66.50 62.50 18 15 10 7 3 3 3 11 7 6 4 Tabulating-m achine op era to rs, cla s s A _______________________________ M anufacturing ______________________ 30 25 40.0 40.0 116.50 116.50 - - - - - - Tabulating-m achine op era to rs, cla s s B _______________________________ Manufacturing ______________________ 63 54 40.0 40.0 106.00 107.00 - - - - - Tabulating-m achine op era to rs, c la s s C _______________________________ 30 39.5 92.50 - - - - _ _ - _ 2 i j 5 1 ; j 1 j i 2 I 9 2 _ i 1 10 2 | 3 - 1 ' 1 - 1 1 2 5 3 i 1 j i - 1 1 5 1 12 5 ! 12 _ 9 9 ! 4 ! 14 4 ! n | ! 7 ; ~ i io 10 6 ! ! 6 9 1 4 j 8 8 j | 3 i 3 i i 4 4 i 9 8 i i | 4 4 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ - - - 1 1 1 1 _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 7 7 - 6 6 _ _ _ _ - - - - 1 1 _ ! - _ - - 1 1 _ _ _ _ 9 9 16 14 _ ! 3 - _ _| _ _ - - i 1 - - 2 2 - 1 1 - 1 - 1 1 5 5 7 2 3 3 5 2 4 4 1 1 13 ; 8 i 9 9 22 22 2 2 1 - 1 5 2 6 6 : i 1 _ 1 | j I _ ! l 1 1 1 _ - _ _ _ I - | l Women - 4 4 - B illers , m achine (billing m achine) ___ 37 40.0 73.50 _ _ j 5 7 3 2 11 6 _ . 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _! B ookkeeping-m achine o p era to rs, cla s s A _________ __ -------------------------- 33 39.5 81.50 - - - - 5 3 5 7 8 - 4 1 - - - - - - - - B ookkeeping-m achine op era to rs, c la s s B ___________ __ ______________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ 292 64 228 39.5 40.0 39.5 65.00 76.00 62.50 44 44 4 4 55 4 51 48 7 41 33 4 29 49 18 31 22 12 10 17 7 10 11 5 6 2 1 1 4 3 1 3 3 - - - - - - - - - C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A ---------------Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ 92 43 49 38.5 39.5 37.5 91.00 90.00 92.00 _ - _ - . - 2 1 1 2 2 - 17 7 10 6 6 - 10 3 7 12 3 9 6 5 1 17 6 11 i i - 13 3 10 _ ~ 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 - _ - - - C lerks, accounting, c la s s B __________ Manufacturing ______________________ N onm anufacturing __________________ 244 102 142 39.5 40.0 39.5 75.00 79.50 71.50 _ - 5 2 3 _ - 38 8 30 43 14 29 47 9 38 37 21 16 25 15 10 17 11 6 11 9 2 12 10 2 8 2 6 i i - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ - - C lerk s, file , c la s s B 2 _________________ M anufacturing ___________ _ _____ Nonmanufacturing __________ ______ 109 39 70 39.5 39.5 39.5 65.00 71.00 61.50 4 4 9 9 24 4 20 26 9 17 11 4 7 17 13 4 9 4 5 6 2 4 3 3 - _ - _ - _ - . - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - . - C lerk s, o rd e r __________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ 93 68 25 40.0 40.0 40.0 74.50 7O 0 70.50 2 2 - 4 4 - 4 4 - _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - _ - C lerk s, pa y roll ________________________ M anufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ 147 96 51 40.0 40.0 40.0 79.00 82.00 73.50 4 2 2 4 1 3 8 8 8 8 _ - 1 1 _ - 1 1 _ - - See footn otes at end o f table. _ 3 3 - : - 2 6 2 ----- g— - 17 11 6 16 10 6 6 6 - 17 5 12 8 8 - 11 10 1 _ - 2 2 19 9 10 17 8 9 23 15 8 26 19 7 20 13 7 6 4 2 3 3 _ 5 5 _ _ - i ! - - - - _ - _ - - _ _ _ - * - _ . _ - - _ - _ - 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W om en-----Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an a rea b a sis by industry division , T oledo, Ohio, M arch 1962) NU M B ER OF W O RK ER S RE CE IVIN G S T R A IG H T-TIM E W EEKLY EA RN IN G S O F - of workers ---------- 1-----------r 5 s s s $ |:5 s S $ $ s 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 is 5 145.00 150.00 and © ' © o Sex, occupation, and in du stry d iv isio n $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ Weekly Weekly, 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 earnings hours and (Standard) (Standard) under i 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 i . -5.5.00 lQO.PO 105*00 11P-.P0 115.00ll20.00 125.00 130.00 I3iuP,0. 14IL-Q.Q. 115,-QQ 1.50,00 ! i i over W om en— Continued C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs -------------------------M anufacturing ________________________ N onm anufacturing ------------------------------- 113 63 50 39. 5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 $76. 50 78. 50 73. 50 _ - 1 1 11 Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s A 1 2 --------------M anufacturing ---------------------- -— 68 62 3 9.5 39.5 ! 83. 00 85.00 _ _ - - 4 _ 3 3 2 “ Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s B 2 --------------M anufacturing ------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ____________________ 111 71 40 39.5 4 0 .0 39. 0 77. 00 79. 50 73. 00 _ - _ 5 1 4 7 3 4 O ffice g i r l * ---------------------------------------------- 39 39. 5 62. 50 1 1 17 - - ! 1 - 6 _ 6 _ 5 5 6 5 ; _ - 2 2 " _ - _ - 23 23 5 5 _ 1 _ - 1 - io ! 10 ! 18 12 6 1 1 - - - _ 1 _ _ _ 68 50 18 12 56 37 19 14 60 49 11 1 39 34 5 2 80 54 26 5 62 56 6 1 50 41 9 3 92 77 15 4 44 34 10 6 3 1 61 51 10 22 15 9 8 1 1 32 18 14 11 26 9 17 17 11 8 3 3 1 1 44 34 42 38 51 50 32 32 35 23 12 12 2 2 21 19 | 2 11 9 2 ..25 i 10 i 15 5 5 5 5 16 16 12 5 7 31 17 14 15 12 3 12 10 2 5 13 _ 1 - 4 4 2 18 12 6 2 23 6 17 10 27 22 5 _ 16 14 2 54 33 21 1 9 12 2 10 | 10 | 8 2 i i 4 i | 4 11 6 5 9 - ! 1 i i | j _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - “ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 17 1 l 1 1 19 18 1 _ _ 1 1 12 11 1 . _ 1 1 7 7 _ _ 13 13 _ _ _ 6 6 _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ . 6 6 _ _ _ - - - _ - . - _ - 1 1 - _ - _ - _ - . _ - . - i 561 435 126 52 3 9.5 4 0 .0 3 9.0 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 79.50 39. 5 ! 79. 50 3 9.5 !i 79.50 40. 0 96. 00 Stenographers, s e n io r 2 _________________ M anufacturing ________________________ 431 309 122 43 250 214 39.5 3 9.5 91. 50 92.00 - - - - 49 37 12 2 2 Sw itchboard o p e ra to rs ----------------------------M anufacturing ________________________ N onm anufacturing ____________________ 100 49 51 3 9.5 39. 5 39.0 79.00 86. 50 71.50 49 9 . - _ - 10 10 15 3 12 9 8 1 6 4 2 6 6 - 15 8 7 20 14 6 5 2 3 1 1 2 2 - 1 1 - Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is ts ____ M anufacturing ________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________ 145 89 56 39 .5 4 0 .0 3 9.5 71. 50 72. 50 70. 00 _ 27 13 14 14 14 - 22 14 8 16 8 8 18 12 6 21 10 11 11 5 6 4 4 - 1 1 - 5 5 - _ - _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 6 3 3 - - - “ - Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B ___ __ ____________________________ 26 3 9.0 88.00 - - - - - - 5 9 4 1 1 4 - 2 - - - - - - - - Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s C ___________________ ____ ______ 38 4 0 .0 80. 50 - - - 2 1 11 11 4 - - 7 1 - - _ 1 - _ - - _ _ T ra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , gen eral _____________ ___ ________________ _ M anufacturing ------------------------------------- 38 30 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 67. 50 68. 50 4 4 6 2 5 5 1 1 5 3 2 2 9 7 1 1 5 5 T yp ists, c la s s A -------------------------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ____________________ 294 209 85 39. 0 39 .5 37. 5 79. 50 79. 50 79. 00 . ' _ - 1 1 - 11 8 3 22 17 5 30 20 10 131 103 28 37 13 24 24 16 8 24 18 6 11 10 1 1 1 1 1 _ - 1 1 _ - _ - _ _ _ _ - - - - - T yp ists, c la s s B ---------------------------------- _ M anufacturing N onm anufacturing ____________________ Pu blic u tilities 3 ___________________ 243 99 144 42 38. 5 39 .5 38. 0 40. 0 10 _ 10 2 12 1 11 1 46 27 19 47 20 27 40 21 19 4 45 5 40 26 17 11 6 19 7 12 9 6 6 _ _ - 1 1 _ _ - _ _ _ . _ . . . - - _ _ - . - - - - _ . - M anufacturing ------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ------------------------------P u blic u tilities 34 ---------------------------S tenograp hers, g e n e r a l2 _______________ Mannfap tn ring N onm anufacturing ------------------------------Pu blic u tilities 3 ___________________ 99.50 102.00 i 90.00 85. 50 66. 67. ' 65. 5 72. 00 50 50 50 - _ 13 r~ r^ 8 _ 1 1 2 3 4 . i - i______ Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings co rre s p o n d to these w eekly hours. D e scrip tio n fo r this jo b has been r e v ise d since the last survey in this area. See appendix A. T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public utilities. Includes 1 w ork er at $ 3 5 to $40; 1 at $40 to $45. - 2 2 6 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (A verage s traigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d oc upations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , T oled o, O hio, Mar h 1962) NU M B ER OF WORKERS RE CE IVIN G STR AIGH T-TIM E W EEKLY E A R N IN G S OF- A v era g e Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers Weekly. hours (Standard) Weekly . earnings (Standard) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S s $ $ $ $ $ $ 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 and and under 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 over Men . . . D raftsm en, sen ior ______________________ M anufacturing ________________________ 190 187 40.0 40.0 $ 128.50 128.00 D raftsm en, j u n i o r --- ------- — --------------M anufacturing ________________________ 86 84 40.0 40.0 110.50 . 109.50 2 2 - 5 5 7 7 46 42 40.0 40.0 100.00 101.50 2 1 . j ! . 2 2 8 8 8 8 4 4 21 21 17 17 31 31 15 15 9 9 17 17 10 10 9 9 7 7 2 2 1 1 8 8 7 7 " 1 1 1 1 29 29 4 4 - 5 5 4 4 14 14 3 3 7 7 4 4 3 2 2 2 . . . 1 32 31 4 3 2 1 1 3 3 2 1 3 3 3 3 - - - . . . Women N urses, industrial (re g is te re d ) ________ M anufacturing ________________________ 1 . 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours. . 7 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and W om en Combined (Average straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r s elected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division , T oledo, Ohio, M arch 1962) Number of O ccupation and industry div isio n Average weekly earning] 1 (Standard) 42 $76.00 113 63 50 $76.50 78.50 73.50 M anufacturing ___________________________________ 68 62 83.00 85.00 Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s B 3 ------------------------------M anufacturing _ _ _______________ __ ____ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________ 115 75 40 77.00 79.50 73.00 O ffice boys and g ir ls _______________________________ M anufacturing ----------- ---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing _______________________________ 103 61 42 65.00 62.00 69.50 S e c r e ta r ie s . .. .. . . M anufacturing ____ ____________________________ N onm anufacturing _______________________________ Public u tilit ie s 2 _____________________________ 562 436 126 52 99.50 102.00 90.00 85.50 Stenographers, g e n e r a l3 __________________________ M anufacturing ___________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________ ___________ — Public u t ilit ie s 2 ---- ------- --------------------------- 447 309 138 59 80.00 79.50 82.00 97.00 ___________________________ B ook keeping-m a ch ine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A ------------npftratot*sr o.lass B Nonm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------- 33 292 64 228 81.50 65.00 76.00 62.50 r'l~rk<? accounting c l a ea A M anufacturing ___________________________________ 173 119 54 103.00 107.00 94.00 C . ] e 297 142 155 29 78.50 85.50 72.50 79.00 25 78.00 01#»rlcs, flip, c la s s B 3 _ _ ___ __ M anufacturing ___________________________________ Mrvn-fTi^TYi^'fa nfriyri r»g . .. 109 39 70 65.00 71.00 61.50 r.lprVs, nrHftr 116 91 25 76.50 78.00 70.50 rA^nfjngj rla Sfi R ..... N onm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------P u blic m tiiitics ^ ee A ^ _ _ ______ ______ N onm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------Clprlrs, p ayroll ■ NT - ” ® . iNonmanutacturing _ _ _ _ _____ _______ ---- --------- -— -— -----—------- — 184 127 57 _______________ 84.50 88.00 76.50 Average weekly earnings 1 (Standard) Stenographers, s e n io r 3 ___________________________ M anufacturing _____ ___________________________ 250 214 91.50 92.00 Sw itchboard o p e ra to rs _____________________________ M anufacturing ___________________________________ Norimarmfactnring ._ _ __ ____ 100 49 51 79.00 86.50 71.50 145 89 56 $71.50 72.50 70.00 T a bulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A -----------------M anufacturing ____________________________________ 39 30 114.50 114.50 T abulating-m achine o p era tors , c la s s B -----------------M anufacturing ____________________________________ 89 75 100.50 102.00 T abulating-m achine op e ra to rs , c la s s C -----------------M anufacturing ____________________________________ 68 35 86.00 95.00 T ra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p era tors , gen era l -------------M anufacturing ------------- ------------ ------------------------ 38 30 67.50 68.50 T yp ists, c la s s A ___________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________ N onm anufacturing _______________________________ 294 209 85 79.50 79.50 79.00 T yp ists, c la s s B ___________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 _______________________________ 251 101 150 48 67.00 68.00 66.50 76.00 D raftsm en, sen ior ____________ ____ ______________ M anufacturing _ ------- ------------------------------------------ 191 188 128.50 128.00 D raftsm en, junior ____________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________ 86 84 110.50 109.50 N u rses, industrial (reg is tered ) -------------------------------M anufacturing ___ _______________________________ 48 44 100.50 102.00 Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is ts _____________ — M anufacturing ____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------------- P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occupations 1 Earnings a re fo r a regu lar w orkw eek fo r which em ployees r e c e iv e their s traigh t-tim e w eekly sa la rie s , exclu siv e o f any prem iu m pay. 2 T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public utilities. 3 D e scrip tion fo r this jo b has been r e v ise d since the last survey in this area. See appendix A. Number of O ffice occu pation s— Continued — C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs N onm anufacturing _________ f-j 1a O ccupation and industry d ivision earnings1 1 (Standard) O ffice occupations— Continued O ffic e occu pation s Cl Ai«lro Number of workers O ccupation and industry d ivision 8 Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , T oled o, Ohio, M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O ccupation and industry d iv isio n 63 46 Average hourly , earnings $ $ $ $ $ t $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S $ $ $ 9 $ 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2 .70 2 .8 0 2.90 3 .0 0 3. 10 3. 20 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3. 50 3. 60 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 and and under 1.70 1.80 1.90 2. 00 2. 10 2 .2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2.6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2.9 0 3 .00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 ,4 0 3. 50 3 .6 0 3 ,7 0 3 .8 0 3. 90 4. 00 o v e r 3 $ 3.03 3. 1 5 2 2 17 14 2 2 11 9 3 2 12 12 21 21 - 13 11 2 - 23 17 6 2 103 103 - 67 65 2 2 77 45 32 32 20 20 - 1 1 - 4 4 ■ _ ■ 1 1 “ 4 4 21 21 ~ 10 4 6 10 10 3 3 17 17 23 18 - 14 5 4 5 J 1 1 3 3 4 4 j 1 6 5 1 1 15 15 - ! 1 ■ 1 1 " - - - - 5 5 - - - 3. 15 3 .2 8 2 .83 _ _ _ _ _ 6 3 _ " ~ ■ 6 3 ■ 6 4 2 163 115 2 .63 2.61 15 15 3 7 7 2 2 4 4 4 - 7 4 6 6 16 4 19 7 3 3 23 23 H elpers, m aintenance trades --------------M anufacturing ________________________ 94 73 2 .67 2 .73 - - - - - 5 5 7 2 19 3 3 3 5 5 20 20 35 35 M ach in e-tool o p era to rs, to o lr o o m ---------------------------------------------M anufacturing ------------------- --------------- 195 192 3.21 3.2 2 _ . - - . - 17 14 - 4 4 . - 3 3 - - . - - - - - 8 8 5 5 108 108 13 13 M achinists, m aintenance ----------------------M anufacturing ------------------------------------- 191 182 3, 19 3 .2 0 . - 20 20 33 33 M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) ______________ _____ ______ M anufacturing ________________________ Mnnm annfa rhit*ir»|f Pu blic u tilities 2 __________________ 276 99 177 145 M echanics, m aintenance ________________ M anufacturing --------------------------------- ;— M illw rights __ ________ ______ ______ M anufacturing ________________________ E le c tr ic ia n s , m aintenance _____________ M anufacturing ------------------------------------N onm anufacturing ------------------------------Public u tilities 1 2 __________________ 384 312 72 62 3. 19 3. 14 3 .4 0 3. 50 E n gin eers, stationary _ ------------------------M anufacturing ________________________ Nonmanufacturing _ _________________ 96 70 26 F irem en , stationary b o ile r _____________ M anufacturing ------------------------------------- 1 - - - 4 4 - 24 24 24 - - 12 12 2 2 . ■ 8 8 ■ 4 4 ~ _ - 35 35 - 2 2 _ - - - - - . * 5 - 63 63 13 13 - - “ - - - 1 1 - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ . . . . . . - - - - 3 3 . - - - - - 6 2 20 20 25 25 3 3 2.91 2.9 3 2. 90 2 .93 _ 3 1 - - - - - 12 11 2 9 9 30 9 21 21 13 4 9 6 55 52 3 9 74 1 73 60 21 21 9 - 46 9 37 37 - - - - - - - - 426 404 3. 11 3. 11 _ _ _ _ _ 12 12 82 76 72 72 52 36 49 49 70 70 - 4 4 1 1 1 - 13 13 1 - 25 25 _ - 15 15 _ - 16 16 - 1 1 340 339 3 .0 2 3 .0 2 _ . . 43 43 j 1 49 49 123 123 25 25 74 74 4 4 _ _ _ - 8 8 _ - 2 1 - - - - - - - 51 50 2. 53 2.5 3 _ . 53 43 2.9 2 3.01 . . ! 1 10 10 8 6 5 5 15 14 _ _ 144 132 3. 16 3. 16 4 4 8 7 36 36 46 35 . 29 29 _ _ _ Sheet-m etal w o rk e rs , m aintenance ___ M anufacturing ------------------------------------- 28 27 3. 12 3. 13 8 8 10 10 - - T ool and die m akers ------------------------------M anufacturing ________________________ 590 590 3 .3 6 3.3 6 3 3 52. 52 O ilers ____________________________________ 8 P a in ters, m aintenance __________________ M anufacturing ------------------------------------P i p e f i t t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ____ _ __ jljaiiiifarfnri ng 3 12 12 7 7 _ _ - 6 6 " - _ _ _ - - - 6 6 _ - 5 5 _ 1 1 1 3 3 7 7 _ 1 5 5 27 27 6 4 . . 2 . 2 . 2 5 5 3 2 _ j 1 . 20 20 _ 2 2 1 - 2 2 2 2 - . . . “ ■ * 8 8 14 14 6 6 _ . _ “ . " . . . ■ ' “ 1 E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holid ays, and late shifts. 2 Tran sportation, com m u nication, and other public u tilities. - 4 4 - 52 52 2 1 250 250 48 48 - 2 - 87 87 54 54 12 12 _ . • ‘ 9 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis b y industry d ivision , T o le d o , C hio, M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccu p a tion 1 and industry d iv isio n Number of workers $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Average S hourly , 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 *1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 *2.10 2.20 2.30 *2.40 2.50 *2.60 *2.70 2.80 2.90 *3.00 3.10 3.20 earnings and and under 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 over E levator o p e r a to r s , p a sse n g e r (wom en) ________________________________ N onm anufacturing ------------------------------ 33 28 $1.56 1.50 - G u a rd s3 — __ _ — __ __ _ __ _ M anufacturing .. — __ _ ___ _ 436 252 2.34 2.50 _ - Jan itors, p o r t e r s , and cle a n e r s (m en) __ __ __ _ ____ _ ____ _ M anufacturing . . .. _____ N onm anufacturing __ . . . . . . P u blic u t ilit ie s 4 _ . . . . 943 w r 246 63 2.10 2.18 1.86 2.17 3 3 - 30 30 4 4 158 83 75 1.75 1 93 1.55 6 2 3 6 2 3 L a b o r e r s , m a te ria l h a n d lin g ___________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ____ ______ ____________ N onm anufacturing ____________________ P u blic u t ilit ie s 4 __________________ 1, 138 767 371 164 2.38 2.33 2.49 2.79 O rd er f i l l e r s _____________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ____ ______ __ _________ N onm anufacturing __ ._ . . . . . 303 171 132 2.42 2.47 2.35 . ■ P a ck e rs , shipping (m en) ____ ._ ._ M anufacturing __ __ . . . . . N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _______ ________ ____ 380 332 48 2.38 2.42 2.08 . . . . - - * - P a ck e rs , shipping ( w o m e n ) _____________ 27 1.76 _ _ 2 R eceivin g c le r k s . __ ____ M anufacturing . . . . _. . . ____ N onm anufacturing __ . ___ 85 45 40 2.47 2.54 2.39 Jan itors, p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s (wom en) _ . . . . . . . _ ._ __ _. N onm anufacturing _______ . . . _________ - - 6 6 . _ _ - - 11 2 9 1 14 13 _ _ - - _ - - - - - " . " . “ - - 2 3 . _ 5 5 32 - 92 4 11 11 8 7 2 - 4 4 33 17 86 81 41 41 25 16 81 50 16 16 _ _ _ _ - ~ " - 2 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 9 7 2 - 57 48 9 - 51 9 42 “ 45 27 18 1 46 40 6 - 40 23 17 12 105 86 19 6 65 34 31 25 95 90 5 4 163 144 19 8 146 126 20 - 62 60 2 - 9 1 8 6 2 - - 50 15 35 21 2 2 6 6 7 7 14 14 17 17 5 5 _ _ _ - 21 6 4 2 5 12 12 21 15 6 27 12 15 47 29 18 104 70 34 12 36 7 29 23 304 287 17 17 95 75 20 " 121 64 57 ■ 15 12 3 - 146 121 25 - 17 17 12 - 20 14 6 . 2.47 2.51 - Shipping and re c e iv in g c l e r k s __________ M anufacturing 85 71 2.45 2.43 - - T ru c k d riv e r s 5 _______ __ ________ _____ _ M anufacturing N onm anufacturing — P u blic u t ilit ie s 4 __________________ 1, 164 471 693 265 2.76 2.72 2.79 2.87 _ _ - - _ - _ - - - - - 9 9 - _ 6 5 ~ 6 5 2 4 3 4 1 2 4 3 4 1 11 6 1 _ " * 82 69 2 2 . 15 " 15 5 Shipping c l e r k s __ . . . . . __ M anufacturing .. . . _. _. . . See footn otes at end o f table. 20 20 - - . - 2 2 - - - _ - - 5 2 2 _ _ - _ - 2 2 - - x 1 63 51 12 - _ - _ _ _ 100 1 1 - - - - 5 . - - - 100 100 28 28 - . - - - . - 14 10 4 4 4 19 1 18 9 9 " 80 80 - 30 30 16 10 6 57 33 24 20 20 12 12 29 29 - 14 9 5 29 4 25 135 135 14 14 - 62 60 2 43 41 2 28 28 - - - - _ _ - - - _ _ 5 _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 5 - - 1 - 14 2 12 3 1 2 6 5 21 i6 5 8 2 6 13 7 6 5 3 2 _ - _ - 3 3 _ 5 5 9 - ! 1 5 3 15 14 12 11 15 15 7 7 6 6 - - - 2 2 . j 1 2 2 1 2 2 173 13 160 60 136 45 91 90 44 5 39 39 1 j 1 - 1 6 6 8 8 - 2 2 7 5 12 12 4 4 26 16 n 10 3 2 19 1 18 8 2 6 8 5 3 28 27 1 30 15 15 6 50 29 21 21 19 16 3 3 121 29 82 46 55 36 19 47 23 24 424 213 211 - _ _ 10 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued (A verage s traigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , T oledo, Ohio, M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $3. 10 3. 20 3 .2 0 over and - $1.00 *1. 10 1. 20 *1. 30 $1.40 *1. 50 $1. 60 *1.70 $1.80 *1.90 $2 .0 0 $2. 10 *2. 20 *2. 30 *2.40 *2. 50 $2 .6 0 $2. 70 2 .8 0 $2. 90 and under 1. 10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1. *50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2.30 2.40 2. 50 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 o Average hourly , earnings* o o O ccu p a tio n 12 3 and industry division Number of workers T r u c k d r iv e r s : 5— Continued T r u c k d riv e r s , light (under 11lz tons) ---------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ________________________ Nonm anufacturing ___________________ T r u c k d riv e r s , m edium (IV2 to and including 4 tons) ______________________ M anufacturing ___ _______________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ P u blic utilities 4 _______________ 139 60 79 $ 2 .3 6 2.31 2.39 2.7 4 238 — n n ~ — 27§T~ 137 2 .69 2.7 3 87 T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (o v e r 4 tons, t r a ile r type) -----__ -------------------M anufacturing — — -----------------Nonm anufacturing ________________ Pu blic utilities 4 _______________ 438 51 387 151 2 .8 8 2. 57 2.93 3.0 0 T r u c k e r s , pow er (fork lift) _________ __ M anufacturing ------------------------------- 369 287 2.44 2.4 0 T r u c k e r s , pow er (other than fork lift) __________________ __ ___________ 38 2. 30 W atch m en 6 ______ _____________ _____ M anufacturing ______ __ __________ 284 32 1.63 2. 32 - - - - - - - 2 2 18 1 17 - - - - - - - - 1 20 19 1 2 r 2 - 2 - - 6 1 - 5 4 1 6 — - 8 8 _ _ _ " ~ ■ 5 _ 75 _ _ “ ■ 25 33 5 5 36 12 12 72 6 6 3 3 5 5 6 1 j 11 - 11 2 2 " 7 7 21 - 21 21 12 9 3 3 - - 10 10 41 20 13 7 - 41 25 - ' 22 22 10 - - ' ' 42 TT 20 17 13 4 2 1 1 “ 150 - " 144 70 40 30 30 8 36 5 31 31 - - 150 144 60 66 5 61 60 78 78 42 42 34 14 135 88 10 8 8 _ _ ■ ■ " 23 6 3 - - 4 - 2 - - 9 9 19 16 1 Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except w here otherw ise indicated. E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e an d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , an d la te s h ift s . The re p o rt on the M arch 1961 study (Bulletin 1285-50) should have read as fo llo w s: Num ber o f w o rk e rs , 421; average hourly earnings $ 2. 26. T ran sp ortation, com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s. Includes all d riv e r s r e g a rd le s s o f s ize and type o f tru ck operated. The rep ort on the M arch 1961 study (B ulletin 1285-50) should have read as follow s: Num ber o f w o rk e rs , 279; average hourly earnings $ 1. 65. - " 11 11 3 4 5 6 - 10 * - - 17 17 2 - 12 ' 2 2 - 12 46 25 21 6 4 - 8 8 - - . _ " - - Appendix A: Changes in Occupational Descriptions Since the Bureau’ s last survey in this area, occupational descriptions for three office jobs were revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific categories. Therefore, data presented for these jobs in table A -l are not comparable to data presented in last year’ s bulletin. Revisions were made in the descriptions for file clerks, key punch operators, and stenographers. The revised description for file clerk groups these workers into three levels (class A, B, and C) in stead of two (class A and B). The revised description for keypunch operator groups these workers into two defined classes (A and B) instead of a single category. Previously data were presented separately for general stenographers and technical stenographers. The revision combines general stenographers, with more responsible duties, and technical stenographers to form a new senior stenographer category; other general stenographers are maintained in that classification. The revised occupational descriptions used this year are in cluded in appendix B. 11 Appendix B: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type o f machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A—Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine)—Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B—Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)—Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or^credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 13 14 CLERK, ACCOUNTING—Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. Class B—Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A—In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B—Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C—Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with -no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 15 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Class A—Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class fi—Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographer speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations,, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters fromgeneral instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 16 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPER A TO R-C ontinued Class C—Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A—Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and complex reports, Does not include working supervisors performing tabula ting-machine operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B—Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A—Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B—Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 17 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees9 injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicant^ and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter required rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 18 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance elctricians requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 19 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE—Continued MILLWRIGHT properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates* with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment o f an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, die work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience* PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 20 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE—Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER* MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers;making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, die work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. 21 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform dther related duties. Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 22 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under iy2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U .S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING O F F IC E : 1 9 6 2 - 0 - 6 3 7 3 8 3
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