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Occupational Wage Survey S T . L O U IS , M IS S O U R I NOVEMBER Bulletin No. 1 2 2 4 -5 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary 1 9 5 7 BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey S T . L O U IS , M IS S O U R I NOVEMBER 1957 B u lle tin N o. 1224-5 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BURfAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner January 1958 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents Preface Contents Page The Community Wage Survey Program The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A preliminary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin summarizing the results of all of the year’ s surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. Introduction __________________________________________________________ vVage trends for selected occupational groups _____________________ 1 4 Table s: 1. 2. A: B: Establishments and workers within scope of survey ________ Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percent of increase for selected p eriod s______________ 2 4 Occupational earnings * A - 1: Office occupations ____________________________________ A -2 : Professional and technical occupations_______________ A - 3: Maintenance and powerplant occupations______________ A -4 : Custodial and material movement occupations ______ 5 8 9 10 Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions * B - l : Shift differentials ______________________________________ B -2 : Minimum entrance rates for women office w o rk ers_ B - 3: Scheduled weekly h ou rs________________________________ B -4: Overtime pay practices ________________________________ B -5 : Wage structure characteristics and labormanagement agreements _____________________________ B -6: Paid holidays ___________________________________________ B -7: Paid vacations_________________________________________ B -8: Health, insurance, and pension plans ________________ 16 17 18 20 Appendix: Job descriptions _________________________________________ 21 * NOTE: Similar tabulations for most of these items are availa ble in the St. Louis area reports for January 1952, December 1952, January 1954, February 1955, and February 1956. Prior to the present report no tabulations had been presented for wage structure characteristics or labor-management agreements ex cept in the 1954 report, which also provides a tabulation of overtime pay provisions. The 1955 report also included data on frequency of wage payments, and pay provisions for holidays falling on nonworkdays. A directory indicating date of study and the price of the reports, as well as reports for other major areas, is available upon request. Current reports on occupational earnings and supplementary wage practices in the St. Louis area are also available for ma chinery industries (November 1957) and women’ s cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes (April 1957). Union scales, indica tive of prevailing pay levels, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, localtransit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. 13 14 15 15 Occupational W age Survey - St. Louis, Mo. * Introduction The St. Louis area is one of several important industrial cen ters in which the Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage bene fits on an areawide basis. In each area, data are obtained by per sonal visits of Bureau field agents to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities; whole sale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices. Major industry groups excluded from these studies, besides railroads, are government operations and the construction and ex tractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion.1 Wher ever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as re lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational clas sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same* job (see appendix for listing of these descriptions). Earnings data are presented (in the A -series tables) for the following types of occupa tions: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) mainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material movement. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-ofliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is * This report was prepared in the Bureau’s regional office in Chicago, 111., by Woodrow C. Linn, under the direction of George E. Votava, Regional Wage and Industrial Relations Analyst. 1 See table on page 2 for minimum-size establishment covered. to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earn ings data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented also (in the B -series tables) on se lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they re late to office and plant workers. The term ’’office w o rk ers," as used in this bulletin, includes all office clerical employees and ex cludes administrative, executive, professional, and technical personnel. "Plant workers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory work ers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Administrative, executive, professional, and technical employees, and force-account construction employees who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are ex cluded in manufacturing industries, but are included as plant workers in nonmanufacturing industries. Shift differential data (table B -l) are limited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) estab lishment p olicy,2 presented in terms of total plant worker employ ment, and (b) effective practice, presented on the basis of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the clas sification "other" was used. In establishments in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. Minimum entrance rates (table B-2) relate only to the estab lishments visited. They are presented on an establishment, rather than on an employment basis. Overtime pay practices; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office 2 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. 2 workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Scheduled hours, wage structure characteristics, and labor-management agreements are treated sta tistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority are covered.3 Because of rounding, sums of individual items in these tabulations do not necessarily equal totals. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the num ber of whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e. The third section presents a list of the paid holidays and the proportions of workers to whom they are granted annually. The summary of vacation plans is limited to formal arrange ments, excluding informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation allowances, payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week’ s pay* Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen’ s compensation and social security. Such plans include those underwritten by a com- mercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions, 4 plans are included only if the employer (l) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick-leave plans are limited to formal plans5 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker’s pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are provided according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. 4 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. ** An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave that 3 Scheduled weekly hours for office workers (first section of could be expected by each employee. Such a plan need not be written, table B-3) were presented in earlier years in terms of the propor but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, tion of women office workers employed in offices with the indicated were excluded. weekly hours for women workers. T a b le 1: E s t a b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in sco p e of s u r v e y and n u m b e r stu d ie d in S t. L o u is , M o. M in im u m em p lo ym e n t in e s t a b lis h m e n ts in sco p e of stu d y In d u s tr y d iv is io n A ll d iv is io n s __ - - - M a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g T r a n s p o r ta t io n (e x c lu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s 4 ____________________ W h o le s a le tra d e _ _ __ R e t a il tra d e 5 F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ___________________ S e r v ic e s 8 _ __ ___ by m a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1957 N u m b e r of e s ta b lis h m e n ts W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ith in sco p e of stu d y 2 Stu d ie d _ 955 230 3 2 6 ,9 0 0 5 3 ,6 0 0 2 1 6 ,7 0 0 1 8 7 ,6 2 0 101 411 544 104 220,100 106,800 26,800 1 6 2 ,3 0 0 5 4 ,4 0 0 1 3 4 ,4 2 0 5 3 ,2 0 0 59 173 77 24 37 17 3 2 ,3 0 0 - 101 51 101 51 51 121 114 W ith in sco p e of study T o ta l 3 126 26 22 20,100 2 1 ,5 0 0 1 8 ,6 0 0 1 4 ,3 0 0 Stu d ie d O ffic e P la n t 2 6 ,8 0 0 5 ,5 0 0 6,100 (6 ) 1 0 ,4 0 0 (6 ) , 7 1 7 ,7 0 0 8 ,5 0 0 (‘ ) 1 ,2 0 0 (‘ ) T o ta l 3 2 4 ,9 5 0 6 ,9 5 0 8 ,5 9 0 8 ,0 3 0 4 ,6 8 0 1 T h e S t. L o u is M e tro p o lita n A r e a ( C it y of S t. L o u is , S t. L o u is and S t. C h a r le s C o u n t ie s , M o .; and M a d iso n and S t. C l a ir C o u n t ie s , 111.). T h e " w o rk e rs w ith in sco p e of s tu d y " e s tim a te s shown in th is ta b le p ro v id e a re a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n of the s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r fo r c e in c lu d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s tim a te s a r e not in te n d e d , h o w e v e r, to s e r v e a s a b a s is of c o m p a ris o n w ith other a r e a e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) p la n n in g of w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se of e s ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce of the p ay p e r io d s tu d ie d , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m the sco p e of the s u r v e y . 2 In c lu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo ym e n t at o r above the m in im u m - s iz e lim it a t io n . A l l o u tle ts (w ith in the a r e a ) of c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s t r ie s a s t r a d e , f in a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n -p ic tu re th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 3 In c lu d e s e x e c u tiv e , t e c h n ic a l, p r o f e s s io n a l, and o th e r w o r k e r s e x c lu d e d fr o m the s e p a ra te o ffic e and p la n t c a t e g o r ie s . 4 A ls o e x c lu d e s t a x ic a b s , and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r tra n s p o r ta tio n . 5 E x c lu d e s d e p a rtm e n t and lim it e d - p r ic e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . 6 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is re p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and " n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g " in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s , alth o u gh c o v e ra g e w as in s u f f ic ie n t to ju s t if y s e p a ra te p re se n ta tio n of data. 7 E s tim a t e r e la t e s to r e a l esta te e s ta b lis h m e n ts o n ly . 8 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; ra d io b r o a d c a s tin g and t e le v is io n ; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e rs h ip o rg a n iz a tio n s ; and e n g in e e rin g and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . 3 Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors1 fees. Such plans may be underwritten by commer cial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker *s life. With reference to wage structure characteristics, proportions of time and incentive workers directly reflect employment under each pay system. However, because of technical considerations, all time rated workers (plant or office) in an establishment were classified to the predominant type of rate structure applying to these workers. Incentive-worker employment was classified according to the pre dominant type of incentive plan in each establishment. Graduated provisions for premium overtime pay were classi fied to the first effective premium rate. For example, a plan calling for time and one-half after 8 and, double time after 10 hours a day was tabulated as time and one-half after 8 hours. Similarly, a plan calling for no pay or pay at regular rate after 37*/2 hours (regular weekly schedule) and time and one-half after 40 was considered as time and one-half after 40 hours. 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups The table below presents indexes of salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and of average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the indexes relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on week ends, holidays, and late shifts. The indexes are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically im portant jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on women in the following 18 jobs: B illers, machine (billing ma chine); bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and B; Comptometer operators; clerks, file, class A and B; clerks, order; clerks, pay-* roll; key-punch operators; office girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; switchboard operators; switchboard operator-receptionists; tabuiating-machine operators; transcribing-machine operators, gen eral; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on women industrial nurses. Men in the following 10 skilled mainte nance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs were included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; mechanics; m e chanics, automotive; millwrights; painters; pipefitters; sheet-metal workers; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; laborers, material handling; and watchmen. Average weekly salaries or average hourly" earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by the average of 1953 and 1954 employment in the job. These weighted earnings for individual T a b l e 2: occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupa tional group. Finally, the ratio of these group aggregates for a given year to the aggregate for the base period (survey month, winter 1952-53) was computed and the result multiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index for the given year. The indexes measure, principally, the effects of (l) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, force expansions, force reduc tions, and changes in the proportion of workers employed by estab lishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and re sult in a drop in the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. The movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other area establishments • The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effects of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the indexes influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. Indexes for the period 1953 to 1957 for workers in 14 major labor markets appeared in BLS Bull. 1202, Wages and Related Benefits, 17 Labor Markets, 1956-57. I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k l y s a l a r i e s and s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s in St. L o u i s , M o . , N o v e m b e r 19 5 7 a n d F e b r u a r y 1 9 5 6 , a n d p e r c e n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s indexes ( D e c e m b e r 1952=100) Industry and o ccu p a tion a l grou p Novem ber 19 5 7 February 1 95 6 A ll in du stries: O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ( w o m e n ) _______________________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ( w o m e n ) ______________________________ S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e ( m e n ) _ ________________ _____ _ U n s k ille d plant (m en ) ______ __________ ___ ___ 1 2 4 .0 12 8 .8 1 29 .0 127 .5 11 4 .7 116. 8 1 1 7 .3 1 16 .6 M an u factu rin g: O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) _ _ ____________ _________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ( w o m e n ) ________ S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e ( m e n ) _ _________________ _______ U n s k i l l e d p l a n t ( m e n ) __________________ ________________ 124 .3 1 28 .8 128. 5 1 26 .7 1 1 3 .9 11 6 .8 1 1 6 .8 11 5 .2 P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s f r o m ----F e b r u a r y 19 56 to N o v e m b e r 19 57 F e b r u a r y 19 5 5 to F e b r u a r y 19 5 6 J a n u a r y 19 5 4 to F e b r u a r y 1955 D e c e m b e r 1 95 2 to J a n u a r y 1 95 4 8. 1 10. 3 10.0 9.4 4.2 6.6 6.1 4 .4 4 .2 3 o0 3 .2 3.0 5.7 6 .4 7. 1 8 .5 6.3 6 .8 5 .1 4 .5 9.1 10.3 10.0 10.0 4.8 6 .6 6 .2 4 .6 3. 1 3 .8 2.9 2.6 5.5 5.6 7.0 7.4 7.6 6 .8 5.0 4.8 J a n u a r y 1 95 2 to D e c e m b e r 1952 A : O c c u p a t i p n a l E a r n in g s T a b le A - l : O ffic e O c c u p a tio n s (Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in St. L o u is, M o . , by industry division, N ovem ber 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Avbkaox Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division Men M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing P u blic u tilities t W holesale trade _ Finance f t 619 ------W T 251 41 85 87 --__ _ . . . O lerk s , accounting, c la s s R Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing _ _ .... . ----------- ------ . . . — W 174 C lerk s, ord er . . . .. M anufacturin g________________________________________ N on m an u factu rin g___________________________________ W holesale t r a d e _________________________________ C lerk s, p ayroll Manufacturing _ 270 _ .... ----O ffice boys Manufacturing . __ Nonmanufacturing W holesale trade Finance t t — __ — ___ ........... - — — ...... . ___ - T abulating-m achine op erators Manufacturing _ Nonmanufacturing _ m ~ 287 263 — ___ ... . 503 — $ Weekly Under 40 .0 0 earnings and (Standard) (Standard) 4$0 .0 0 under 4 5 .0 0 $ 9 0 .0 0 39.5 "39" 5 " '9 2 . W 86.50 39.5 85.50 39.5 93.00 39.5 77.50 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 73.00 w :w 69.00 39.5 ' 39". 5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 80.50 83. 59 78.00 80.00 _ _ - 155 39.5 n r ~ .... W . 5 86.50 8 7 .0 0 " 39.5 359 T 5 T ...39". 5 193 39.5 64 39.5 10 7 39.5 50.00 244 39.5 — r s z i ' 4 0 .0 39.0 92 5 2 :0 9 _ _ _ 48.0 0 51.00 4 6 .0 0 _ _ - - _ ’ _ - _ " $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 50.00 5 0.00 5 5.00 _ _ _ - 26 ------1---- 25 15 15 2 _ - 105 89 27— — n — 78 46 15 19 27 52 83.50 83.50 " 83.00 _ _ _ - - - $ 9 $ $ S 9 $ $ $ * $ $ $ $ 55.00 60.0 0 6 5.00 7 0.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 and 6 0.00 65.00 7 0.00 75.00 _80f PP 85,00 90.0 0 _25 , m 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . » 0 0 pver _ - 30 17 ----- 5— -----28 12 26 21 5 5 17 17 17 5 5 ----- 5— ----- 5 81 — 38 9 9 _ 9 10 57 66 102 2 8 21 43 23 5 5 13 53 49 35 R 33 — n 21 20 11 38 18 81 47 34 34 79 27 52 52 11 31 71 10 12 — n r~ rz 4 _ 4 11 32 ■■"TO"” ------5“ 22 6 36 6 6 21 23 12 11 40 40 18 ----- 5— 17 .... 11 34 7 23 33 1 19 _ 5 25 ------5— ....23 " - 50 34 21 4 16 8 11 10 2 2 2 22 6 3 3 9 T9— ----- 7— 9 - 13 ----- 1----- — 9— 4 11 12 2 1 6 17 25 20 20 17 IT " — _ - _ - - - 23 14 9 17 28 8 20 33 27 9 8 6 31 23 27 19 9 93 63 30 4 7 13 66 41 25 5 9 - 77 49 28 7 19 79 50 29 4 11 2 “ 5 4 11 8 1 9 81 15 11 10 70 70 5 5 18 20 ------ 7 — — T T ~ 2 28 25 3 4 4 - 6 8 4 2 6 2 - - 2 6 - - 5 5 - _ 9 7 18 15 3 3 _ - 38 — TT~ l l 2 2 1 1 1 - 2 18 — n r~ 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 5 _ " _ - _ - 2 2 2 1 1 1 _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ - 30 b lb 25 27 16 10 10 7 1 22 8 6 - 3 11 2 4 1 6 1 5 5 6 6 - - - - - - 16 _ _ ! 1 2 Women B ille r s , m achine (billing m achine) _ .... M anufacturing _ _____ ____ N onm anufacturing___________________________________ 299 147 152 39.5 40. b 39.5 61.50 62. 50 61.00 _ " B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) .. . 106 39.5 63.50 _ _ - 88 39.5 4 b .o 39.0 38.5 64.50 72.50 62.00 55.50 1,154 340 814 198 499 39.5 39". 5 39.0 4 0 .0 38.5 56.00 555 276 279 45 54 85 3 9.0 39.5 3 9.0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 5 5 _ _ - B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss A M anufacturing _ _ _ Nonmanufacturirig _ Finance t t ..... _ ___ Bookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss R ... _ Manufacturing _ __ _ „ ___ _ _ _ Nonmanufacturing _ __ ____ W holesale trade . .. Finance t t — _____ _ _ C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A _ Manufacturing ---Nonmanufacturing Public utilities t W holesale trade _ _ F in a n cett -■ - - . ...... __ ...... __ - — 199 54 145 62 . 50 ” 53.50 62.00 50.00 77.0 0 80.00 73.50 83.50 76.00 67.50 — 11 2— 9 1 . 80 _ 80 80 - _ _ " “ 43 T 7 — 16 4 4 4 4 236 “ T 9— 216 9 195 _ _ 61 19 42 32 55 55 55 38 16 38 22 18 8 8 3 20 10 10 15 18 11 7 2 _ 35 17 18 31 16 15 8 2 6 2 4 4 20 32 3 29 15 335 136 123 35 121 71----- “ 95----- “ 18— “ 79— ~ n — 71 85 45 24 262 61 10 39 33 24 18 34 2 168 14 14 _ 27 27 - 30 19 - 95 36 59 - _ 9 16 3 4 30 11 6 62 36 26 11 10 1 6 10 - 2 1 1 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 " - - - 48 32 16 14 26 7 ----- 5 ---- 2 2 6 2 2 2 116 51 - - - 74 68 _ 23 58 65 16 6 5 24 _ 29 39 14 11 8 9 6 26 9 17 - See footnote at end of tab le. t Transportation (excluding r a ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities, t t Finance, insurance, and real estate. _______________________ __ NOTE: 15 5 Data for nonmanufacturing do not include inform ation for department and lim ite d -p r ic e variety sto r e s; the rem ainder of retail trade is appropriately rep resented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing. 18 8 20 17 3 3 - ~ 9 14 6 1 _ . - _ _ - 24 2b 4 - 1 “ _ _ ~ _ _ _ " _ - _ - _ - - - - 2 1 1 “ - " _ _ _ “ 6 T a b le A -1 : O f f i c e O c c u p a t io n s - C o n tin u e d (A verage straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in St. L o u is, M o . , by industry d ivision, N ovem ber 1957) Avebags Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weeklyj Weekly , ^nder earnings (Standard) (Standard) 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 and under 4 5.00 $ 45.0 0 $ 50.00 $ 55.00 50.00 55.00 6 0 .0 0 65.00 70.00 125 27 98 _ _ 60 237 58 179 216 75 141 2 20 257 i 02 155 51 13 125 23 53 294 130 164 25 48 43 26 113 49 64 28 13 18 2 70 54 59 “ TT- $ $ $ $ $ $ 60.00 65.00 70.00 7 5.00 80.00 85.00 75.00 80.00 83 78 29 49 19 14 " 85.00 90.00 $ 90 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ 95.00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 and 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 over W omen - Continued C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B _ ------ . _ M anufacturing .............. _ . _ ... . Nonmanufacturing .. ... . .... . P ublic utilities t ___________________________________ W holesale trade . .... .... ......... Finance t t C lerk s, file , c la s s A M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing F i n a n .... . .. . . . . c ..... ... . ........... e ...... 1,462 535 927 161 156 302 324 39.5 — nrs~ ....* 0 7 (r 3 9 .0 156 38.5 83 C lerk s, file , cla s s B __ ._ . .......... 1,141 M an u factu rin g ________________________________________ ----- 4 W N onm anufacturing____________________________________ 645 Pu blic utilities t ___________________________________ 79 W holesale trade ___________________________________ 168 277 Finance t t - C lerk s, order M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing ... C le rk s , payroll M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing Public utilities t W holesale trade ....... .. _ . ... __ . .. _ __ D uplicating-m achine o p e ra to rs (m im eograph or d itto) ....... M anufacturing ^ Nonmanufacturing K ey-punch op erators . M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing P ublic utilities t W holesale trade F in a n ce tt — O ffice g ir ls M anufacturing _ . Nonmanufacturing ... F in a n c e t t ....... ....... _ . 62.50 59.50 57.00 50.50 51.50 4 9.50 54.50 53.00 46.5 0 59.00 ” 61750” 57.50 10 10 _ _ 10 10 6 - 11 36 — 9— 27 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 63.50 64. Oo 6 3.00 63.00 _ 13 - 11 2 127 ------ 73 54 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 57.50 57.00 58.00 - 9 — 5----3 _ _ 5 3 9.0 259 — m r “ 3975 38.0 149 37.0 72 50.50 ■50"75ff' 51.00 4 7 .5 0 • 2 - - 1 4 _ 4 4 4 4 56 “ 25— 31 23 26 16 22 19 41 “ 3T“ 7 2 21 62 16 14 73 “ 15----48 45 46 5 3 85 31 54 9 14 TT3— 4 115 49 66 6 59 56 28 28 55 50 “ n — “ 15— 36 39 49 Z3— 26 14 ----- 5 9 1 8 3 - _ _ _ 15 15 _ _ - - 6 21 3 3 ----- 5— 13 143 93 130 112 91 “ 53— “ 55— “ 57— “ 75— ^” 3?— 17 56 57 32 29 27 6 4 14 16 7 36 10 165 96 69 22 38 ” T7----21 157 78 79 41 18 t t ----6 153 95 “ 97----- “ 7Z— 56 23 16 4 _ 9 26 17 67 54 82 “ Z5----- “ 39----- “ zz— 54 28 32 35 13 12 14 — 9— 5 2 188 UTO 88 167 TC9 58 59 12 19 T5----4 18 ----14 114 92 22 12 8 5 ----- 74 46 28 10 9 1 6 2 6 - - 4 4 4 1 _ 1 _ 1 - 31 12 n— —n— 3 Z 20 1 1 44 26 12 “ TT— 15 13 32 16 9 1 " - - ~ 1 ------- _ _ 1 - _ 1 _ - _ - _ ~ _ _ - 4 _ 4 4 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ - _ - _ _ " _ “ . _ _ _ _ - _ _ - - _ - 8 13 23 5 T5— ----- 5— ----- 1---- ----- Z— 3 3 12 8 6 1 1 1 1 8 4 2 1 _ _ 1 1 _ 1 20 17 4 3 10 - 50 5 9 9 1 1 - _ _ - 2 2 “ - 1 1 - " - - - - 45 17 26 6 11 _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - 8 11 16 17 4 9 7 — 4----- — 5— — z— 7 5 2 6 2 _ _ _ _ 19 83 34 49 13 12 8 - _ _ _ 21 76 42 34 6 7 1 _ _ _ 70 125 83 42 13 20 5 2 Z _ _ 79 48 31 5 2 123 77 46 16 13 26 11 6 ----- 9— “ I T ” ------7— ------5— _ 7 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ 1 3 1 1 " - 24 17 7 307 310 186 203 78 21 2 r r r i — T T 6 — “ 56— T 5 3 — “ 35— ~ n — ----- 1----196 50 10 194 118 42 1 7 16 38 17 1 _ 48 27 37 22 6 19 96 134 12 2 4 29 - See footnote at end of tab le. t Transportation (excluding ra ilr o a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s, tt Finance, insurance, and real estate. 32 3 1,080 613 467 178 3 9.5 62.50 '4 070" "5Z750“ 38.5 62.50 3 9.5 69.00 4 0 .0 69.00 56.50 37.5 33 ----- j----- 6 80 166 __ ___ . ____ 6 1 .0 0 . _ - 38 36 101 66 ..... 49.50 _ . _ - — w r~ 350 - .... 6 1 .0 0 _ _ _ 65.00 62.00 71.00 72.00 75.50 837 ___ $ 58.50 61.00 57.00 63.50 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 39.5 39.5 126 C om ptom eter op erators M anufacturing _ _ _ ..... Nonmanufacturing W holesale trade . ...... . 39.5 _ 4577T 39.0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 38.0 4 0 .0 402 ----- T5TT " 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 252 846 -----5¥5“ 300 _ 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.5 4 0 .0 37.5 22 14 12 12 19 15 _ 4 _ - - “ - _ _ - 1 1 _ - _ - 4 6 - _ _ 1 1 - 7 T a b le A -1 : O f f i c e O c c u p a t io n s - C o n tin u e d (Average straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in St. L o u is, M o ., by industry division , N ovem ber 1957) Avkbagb Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Under 4 0 .0 0 and (Standard) (Standard) lo.O O under 4 5 .0 0 Weekly | Weekly j $ 45.0 0 $ 50.00 $ 55.00 50.00 “ 55.00 ■ 60.00 76 6 70 2 20 47 124 “ 15— 96 $ 60.00 $ 65.00 $ 70.00 $ 7 5.00 $ 80.00 65.00 70.00 “ 75.00 “ 80.00 85.00 401 263 138 32 43 43 372 261 111 46 52 6 179 89 90 26 33 _ $ 85.00 90.0 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 90.00 9 5.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 “ ■ “ “ and 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 over W omen - Continued S ecretaries _ . * - 17 _ 17 _ _ _ _ _ 6 68 5 63 200 30 170 12 42 15 129 2,705 39.5 i ; 5 1 5 ■ 39.5 1,190 39.5 39.5 255 4 0 .0 311 348 38.5 79.00 82.55 75.50 85.00 77.50 67.00 3,564 1,792 1,772 387 527 626 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 38.5 63.50 65.55 62.00 70.00 63.50 56.50 Stenographers, technical M an u factu rin g-------------------------------------------------------------- 240 — YW ~ 4 0 .0 4 5 .0 69.50 71750“ Sw itchboard operators M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing Finance t t 454 -----154 300 100 39.5 1975 39.5 39.0 60.50 6 9 .5 0 “ 55. 50 57.00 5 _ 5 _ 39.5 “ 5975“ 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 59.00 59.5 5 .. 58.50 64.00 58.00 - 74.50 75.56 74.00 85.50 _ _ ■ 60.00 15755“ 59.50 62.50 58.00 _ _ _ _ _ N onm anufacturing____________________________________ Stenographers, general ... _ .... W holesale t r a d e ___________________________________ Finance t t .................... _ __ ........ __ _ __ __ Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists __ _____ _ ____ M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing _ _ _______ ___ __ __ __ Public utilities t . ....... W holesale trade ___________________________________ 588 264 324 47 142 Tabulat ing-m ach ine o p e r a t o r s ________ ___________ ___ Manufacturing ... ___ . . ___ N onm anufacturing___ ___ __ _ ____ ______ P u b lic utilities t __________________________________ 39 .0 248 — 17“ ~w rr^ 38.0 121 39.5 54 T ra n scribin g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , general ------- __ — Manufacturing _______ _______ __ ____ Nonmanufacturing ........ W holesale trade . _. Finance ft" ___ 649 -----4Jl 218 77 103 39.0 ...3 0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.0 783 40 2 381 176 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 39.0 62.50 65.66 60.50 56.50 39.5 ""4 0 7 5 ' 39.0 39.5 39. 5 38.0 53.50 57. 66 50.50 60. 50 53. 50 46.50 T yp ists, cla s s A _ _______ ____ __ __ _ Manufacturing . _ Nonmanufacturing . .............. Finance t t .... .. __ __ ____ Manufacturing ....... N onm anufacturing____________________________________ Public utilities t ............. ...... W holesale trade ..... ... . F in a n c e t t ________ __ - ____ — -- ____ ____ t “f t 2,583 1,251 1, 332 112 417 471 _ _ _ - 2 -----1----- " _ _ _ 15 15 _ - _ _ - 453 175 255 29 71 114 12 40 206 80 126 1 18 68 638 195 340 47 121 119 770 “455 340 73 96 132 21 53 ----- “ 55----- 584 376 208 82 72 41 340 225 115 44 53 16 205 84 121 33 49 29 38 33 44 32 71 63 60 52 21 54 139 — 5----- — 9----- — 3----- “ 1 3 ----- " 1 9 — 18 37 131 43 15 8 23 7 30 18 - 52 3 27 123 61 62 14 12 145 76 69 5 45 4 _ 4 ~ 5 _ 5 " 15 _ 15 3 13 6 7 2 4 _ 4 _ 4 42 24 18 152 86 66 20 29 144 T55 36 19 11 12 _ 12 327 312 1 5 5 ----- 1 5 7 — 161 125 16 25 53 25 61 45 72 26 11 107 5b 57 4 29 563 195 370 12 54 185 68 180 550 1 1 308 27 129 97 511 561 150 14 87 2 52 28 24 21 3 _ 7 3 — 5— ----- 1----- 26 8 18 8 4 13 1 ---- §----- -----j----8 2 - 24 46 22 — 9----- " 1 9 ----- “ 1 5 ----15 17 7 2 11 2 43 26 17 10 28 " 1 5 ----3 • 109 72 37 16 21 394 155 114 28 48 4 91 62 29 7 22 76 66 10 8 _ 20 13 7 1 5 6 _ 6 1 _ 70 50 13 103 79— “ 1 5 ----- “ H — ~ n — 14 24 29 2 7 4 2 107 75 32 17 7 2 46 22 24 5 18 1 44 34 10 4 132 38 22 25 21 79 54— " 1 9 — “ H — “ I T — “ 1 5 — “ 1 5 — 48 30 7 6 2 18 14 2 j 13 3 4 2 _ 4 14 8 6 41 “17— 24 21 _ - _ 9 4 5 5 6 - 13 6 7 _ - 3 3 _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - _ 1 -----1----- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " - _ _ _ - - - _ - _ - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - 7 -----?----- 12 4 8 8 1 _ 1 “ 10 _ 10 10 _ _ ■ _ _ - 5 _ 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 “ 1 _ 1 1 _ 3 _ 3 3 _ 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 rc— i _ _ 1 _ 1 _ j _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straigh t-tim e sa la ries and the earnings correspond to these w eekly hours, Transportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 17 1 16 10 2 4 j ----- j----- 30 8 1 1 “ 1 5 ----- ----- 3----- ----- 1----- ----- 1----10 5 _ 45 43 “ 1 5 ----- “ 1 7 ----20 26 11 16 9 5 36 101 253 139 -----1----- -----6----- “ 59— “ 95----- “T13— 83 130 4 30 62 46 48 4 26 39 344 40 304 48 35 “ 1 5 ----- " n — 22 14 10 4 241 312 1 5 1 ----- 1 5 5 — 90 162 57 42 41 24 15 13 _ - - _ 8 T a b le A - 2 : P r o fe s s io n a l a n d T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a t i o n s (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis in St. L o u is, M o ., by industry division , N ovem ber 1957) Atkbaos Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly. Weekly j Under 6 0 .0 0 hours earnings and (Standard) (Standard) l o . o o under 6 5.00 $ 65.00 S 70.00 $ 75.00 $ 80.00 $ 85.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 9 0.00 $ 9 0.00 $ % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 95.0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 and 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 over Men Draftsm an r leader _ M an u factu rin g---D raftsm en, senior _ ... M anufacturing ... Nonmanufacturing D ra ftsm en , ju n io r M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing T racers . _. .. ------ ------ .. -------------- ............... _ _ . . . ....... _ _ .......... _ ........................... ___ ... ............ . . 121 105 39.5 '39.5 $ 142.00 143.50 - 848 7?5 93 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 112.50 113.66 109.50 - 478 361 117 39.5 39.5 39.5 84.00 £3.66 88.00 17 13 4 13 91 4 0 .0 6 9.00 228 4 0 .0 4 6 .6 80.50 ' 6o^56 " - " - " - 2 - . - ------ 3 j 2 2 14 12 2 42 30 12 22 15 7 75 61 14 54 31 36 30 6 65 — 57 8 40 " ' 35 5 30 29 1 51 42 9 73 — 57 6 14 8 17 32 18 1 1 _ _ 19 18 23 11 19 TB 49 43 45 41 44 43 11 9 2 " 75 5 9 .. 16 2 1 118 ITT l 5 1 ------ 5“ -------1 13 -------5“ 76 — 71 5 69 — 59 " 33 15 19 — w ~ — n r ~ -----I F ” 3 9 “ _ 39 -----J5 3 4 1 3 _ _ _ 5 4 2 2 _ 39 ------ T ~ 32 2 1 — 8 S~ 60 79 -----79“ — 53“ 2 “ - 2 2 _ 46 44 2 . - _ 23 -----23 265 “ 57— 66 62 — 53“ “ 35“ 3 27 - _ _ . _ W omen N u rses, in du stria l (re g is te re d ) M anufacturing m 8 ------ T ~ 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for which em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly h ou rs. a W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 18 at $140 to $145; 15 at $145 to $155; 24 at $155 to $165; 8 at $165 and o v e r . 3 A ll w ork e rs w ere at $145 to $150. NOTE: Data fo r nonm anufacturing do not include inform ation for departm ent and lim ite d -p ric e variety s to r e s; the rem ain der o f retail trade is app ropriately rep resen ted in data for all industries com bined and fo r nonm anufacturing. 1 2 2 . _ _ 9 T a b le A -3 : M a in te n a n c e and P o w e r p la n t O c c u p a t i o n s (Average hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis in St. Louis, M o., by industry division, November 1957) NUMBER OF W0RKEB8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS 0 F - Number of worker* Occupation and industry d ivision Avenge hourly . Under earning* $ 1 . 80 644 STS $ 2 .6 3 2 .6 2 ________ _ _ __ 1,639 1,486 2.77 2 .7 6 - E n gin eers, s ta tio n a r y _______________________ _ M anufacturing ____________ _________________ 401 298 2 .6 4 2 .7 1 16 F irem en , stationary b o i l e r ___________ ___ M anufacturing _______________________ >____ 452 329 2 .4 0 2. 38 C a rp enters, m aintenance _____ M anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ E lectricia n s , m a in te n a n ce __ ____ M anufacturing _ _ H elp ers, tra d es, m a in te n a n ce_________________ M anufacturing _________________ ____ ____ Nonmanufacturing ____ _____ ____ P u blic utilities"f __ ___ ____________ _ 1,845 1,729 116 106 M ach in e-tool o p era to rs , to o lr o o m __ ____ M anufacturing _______________________________ 801 506 M achinists, m a in te n a n ce ____ _________________ M anufacturing 1,403 1 ,2 6 ! M ech an ics, autom otive (m aintenance) ____ „ M anufacturing _______________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________ __________ P u blic u t ilit ie s ! ________________________ 2 JL J lQ___ 2 . 2. 50 . 20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 8 2 8 - *52 23 3 “ 8 19 19 34 24 50 50 - 95 81 14 14 2 _ - - M illw r ig h t s _________________ ____ ___ __ M anufacturing ____ ____ __ ________ 668 2. 73 _ 555— 2771 - O ile r s __ M anufacturing . . 461 462 2. 27 2 .2 8 354 8 8 _ - 1 ------ 1----- _ - - - 1 9 3 1 51 55 — ?r“ 27 27 18 13 19 - _ - - _ - _ - _ - _ _ - _ -------r7 _ 44 42 21 21 37 37 84 71 30 27 17 17 33 25 Zb 310 190— 393 329 64 64 188 181 7 7 101 166 529 529 - 54 54 - _ " _ - 4 4 - 20 21 30 30 245 245 12 12 " _ 20 18 39 39 39 18 2 16 75 75 76 71 24 24 - - 35 30 5 - _ _ - 5 _ - 63 63 36 — IS 16 49 r i 9— 16 16 P ip e fitte r s , maintenance ___________ ___ M anufacturing ______________________________ 2 .7 6 2 .7 6 _ _ _ 77275— - - - ------ 12 S heet-m etal w o rk e rs , m a in te n a n c e __________ M anufacturing _ __ _____ ____ ____ ___ 2.7 3 2 .7 4 _ _ _ "2 1 9 “ 2 .8 9 - 2.89 ■ 18 — rs— — “ l 1 153 92 ------92“ “ i n — 67 3. 30 3 .2 0 3. 30 3 .4 0 $ 3 .40 and 15 15 13 3 9 9 - 78 78 40 40' 74 “T3------ 20 21 _ _ ----- 26 21 - - _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ - 69 56 18 16 63 60 323 325 128 125 449 364 73 71 18 18 _ 163 163 _ - 81 66 15 51 51 40 32 365 29 336 322 99 6 79 50 63 13 50 36 14 14 - 5 5 " 5 5 - _ - _ - . - - 391 “ 355 23 23 193 164 29 116 40 40 - - - - . - - - 238 “ 215 — 122 122 _ 4 4 80 80 42 42 _ _ " - _ _ " _ - - 1 11 2 - 142 142 - 2 2 47 47 25 25 37 6 8 8 96 272 92 265 4 4 7 4 4 104 ------ i ---- — rs? 20 24 21 ------51 22 ----- 2 2 ------2 1 — 21 81 14 57 102 112 4 4 8 25 — 25— 92 ------ 55 - l 10 - ------To“ 3 2 14 14 61 - 61 - 9 9 - - 33 - - - - 33 28 28 - - " ' 1 37 37 290 93 414 155 138 138 19 19 15 15 29 29 8 8 121 121 342 342 530 103 103 35 -----55 _ _ _ 13 6 - - 10 6 _ _ _ _ - ■ ~ 118 — 177“ ' 2 9 6 " " ------93 42 42 15 15 76 76 48 48 Data for nonmanufacturing do not include information for department and limited-price variety stores; the remainder of retail trade is appropriately represented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing. 536 - - 49 49 37 78 T S ------- 10 27 27 ------IT “ 2 1 5 5 - 2 ------ 56“ — n — ------52“ — 99 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Workers were distributed as follows: 9 at $ 1.20 to $ 1. 30; 19 at $ 1. 30 to $ 1.40; 8 at $ 1. 50 to $ 1. 60; 3 at $ 1. 60 to $1.7 0; and 13 at $ 1.70 to $ 1. 80. All except 5 workers were at $ 1. 70 to $ 1. 80. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. NOTE: 3 .2 0 ------27 ■ 23 ----- 2 0 “ 3. 10 221 220 13 _ 1 _ 39 59 27 24 1 _ 2 50 35 11 __ 43 40 366 “ 155 12 _ 224 103 164 157 1 _ 128 123 77 77 ------- 1 M anufacturing 361 359 38 35 _ " _ - 27 24 15 — n r~ - - 1 - 1, 187 1, 167 3. 10 64 64 3 7 Tool and die m a k e r s __________________________ 3. 00 46 46 13 2 . 62 222 2 .9 0 32 29 12 63 15 $ . 80 2 8 43 ------46“ $ $ 3. 00 156 “ 153---- 2 .6 2 1,263 $ 2 .9 0 168 165 " m $ 2 .8 0 23 23 3 3 28 -----y j— 2. 70 $ 2 .7 0 58 57 3 3 6 60 . 60 24 23 -----215 " . $ 2 22 20 6 6 _ $ 2 .4 0 _ 87 87 - $ 2. 30 - 10 $ 2 .2 0 - 8 $ 10 - 2. 54 2. 54 2. 52 2 .6 5 427 00 l " 597 P a in te r 8, m a in ten a n ce ______ __ ___ _ __ M anufacturing __ __ __ _ __ . $ " 1,408 I7T23 85 43 _ _ _ 2 $ 8 _ . 82 . 82 “ 2 .0 0 $ 9 2.4 6 2. 58 2 .4 4 2 .4 3 M ech an ics, m aintenance _______________________ M anufacturing _ ___ ___ ________ ____ _ ________ __ Nonm anufacturing ____ P u blic u t ilit ie s ! _____ —»__ ____________ _ $ 1.90 5 2.6 2 803 141 80 and under 1.90 - 2 .6 2 662 1. _ 2 .3 0 2. 31 2 . 16 2 .2 3 2 2 $ “ - 10 T a b le A - 4 : C u s t o d ia l a n d M g te r ia l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a tio n s (Average hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in St. Louis, M o., by industry division, November 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation 1 and industry d ivision Number of workers .. .... E levator op e r a to r s , passen ger (m en) N on m an u factu rin g___________________________ ___ F in a n c e !! 216 181 114 E levator o p era tors , p assen ger (wom en) , . .. N onm anufacturing _ __ F in a n c e !! . 205 rss 55 1. 18 1. 15 1. 15 323 23 - 91 86 J3 39 39 38 12 12 4 Guards ._ M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing F in a n c e !! 978 857 121 112 2. 00 2. 68 1.39 1. 38 - 25 25 25 14 14 8 Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs (men) M anufacturing _ . ...... Nonmanufacturing ____ ___ __ ___ __ Pu blic u t ilit ie s ! W holesale trade _________________________ F in a n c e !! 4, 505 2 ,946 1, 559 249 234 400 1. 58 1.73 1.29 1.78 1. 57 1. 14 164 164 - 529 102 427 2 4 147 287 30 " 257 26 158 Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs (wom en) ____ M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing P u blic u tilitie s ! _________________________ F in a n c e !! __ __ 1, 044 346 698 104 420 1.26 1. 50 1. 15 1. 52 1. 11 66 66 - 295 36 259 200 L a b o r e rs , m aterial handling M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing P u blic u tilitie s ! W holesale trade ______ ______________ 6, 832 5, 025 1, 807 682 728 1.91 1.89 1.95 2. 08 1.86 31 9 - ------I T 20 9 4 - __ __ ____ __ 2, 346 1, 102 1, 244 749 1.92 1. 87 1.96 1.98 _ - _ 47 - ---- 31“ 16 8 P a ck e rs , shipping (men) M anufacturing _________________ __ _________ Nonmanufacturing W holesale t r a d e _________ __ __ __ __ 992 603 389 322 _ - O rder f ille r s M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing W holesale t r a d e _____ .......... P a ck e rs shipping ( w o m e n ) _____________________ M anufacturing S Average $ $ hourly , 1. 00 1. 10 *1.20 1. 30 earnings Under and $ under 1. 00 1.20 1. 30 1.40 1. 10 $ _ 71 1.22 12 3 109 1. 13 65 101 3 12 1. 17 7 95 12 - 1. 86 — 1755“ 1. 83 1. 85 427 1. 58 — r n — — T 75T ~ 6 - $ , 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1.90 1. 50 1.60 1.70 2. 00 2. 00 $ 2. 10 2. 10 2 .2 0 1. 80 1.90 _ " _ - 3 - _ - _ - _ - 18 - _ - 6 5 - 7 7 - 8 6 - . - 15 6 _ - 4 4 - _ - 21 21 21 10 10 10 12 12 12 10 2 8 8 45 39 6 6 135 122 13 13 13 12 1 1 99 91 8 8 179 58 121 3 12 65 189 88 101 7 39 24 217 676 164 " 6 l4 53 62 7 8 27 10 4 - 481 353 128 81 39 2 586 530 56 10 29 - 172 135 37 29 8 - 258 22 236 215 37 17 20 6 5 52 35 17 7 112 61 51 46 - 97 54 43 43 - 34 34 _ - 16 12 4 _ 45 28 17 4 24 24 8 87 67 20 8 12 22 0 779 207 "696"" 13 83 5 1 8 82 286 270 16 10 1081 835 246 1 242 49 29 20 16 23 14 9 9 55 14 41 20 151 97 54 37 84 4o 44 12 259 179 80 25 16 51 1 - ------ T - — ? r 1 8 9 8 8 43 22 21 21 24 — nr 12 12 89 20 69 53 34 28 18 -----15“ 5 1 6 - R eceivin g c l e r k s ____ ____ ___ ______ M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ W holesale trade 585 382 203 116 2. 06 2. 00 1.94 _ " _ - _ - _ - _ - Shipping cle r k s ... M anufacturing _ ____ _______ ____ __ Nonmanufacturing _ ... . W holesale t r a d e __________________________ 363 237 126 95 2. 11 2. 18 1.98 2. 01 _ " _ “ _ ■ _ - _ “ Z7W ~ V 40 $ 1. 50 — 51 49 2 2 - 163 163 7 18 r ------5 ~ 13 13 _ - _ - " ' 2 .3 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 0 1. 50 2. 50 2 .6 0 2. 60 $ 2. 70 $ $ 2. 80 $2. 90 3. 00 and 3. 00 over _ - _ ' _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ - 12 12 - - - _ - _ - - . - _ - - . - " " “ " ■ ■ 17 13 4 4 1 1 ■ 3 3 " 6 6 ■ - - - 2 2 - 23 19 4 4 - 3 3 “ 10 10 " 2 2 " 5 5 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 _ _ - _ . - . - _ _ - . - - - _ - _ - . - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 126 123 3 - 223 223 - 115 115 - 61 6l - 35 35 - 27 27 - 7 7 - _ - 529 454' 75 47 27 - 181 120 61 55 6 " 162 148 14 5 - 80 78 2 2 - 31 31 - 33 32 1 - _ - 9 9 - _ _ - - - - 22 22 - 1 1 - _ - 3 3 - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ - 729 5?7~ 182 70 13 968 775 230 27 175 853 569 284 142 79 1016 ?5 o 556 408 46 279 264 15 15 “ 189 122 67 2 23 _ - 12 12 12 47 34 13 3 10 165 165 - 386 193 193 111 217 89 128 110 223 40 183 82 577 369 208 87 226 226 209 28 28 9 _ - 4 4 4 17 7 10 10 94 190 138 35 22 ~ W ~ — w r — R T 13 45 57 49 24 47 4 40 46 36 10 10 146 124 22 22 46 15 31 31 36 31 5 5 32 32 32 5 5 5 - - _ - - ■ 120 116 70 78 ----- 55“ -------IF 54 30 42 24 10 22 68 58 10 4 63 56 7 4 33 21 12 10 37 33 4 4 86 ----- T i 28 24 - 63 60 11 10 20 16 4 4 65 ----- Y T 28 21 5 5 5 20 3 17 4 45 -----3 T 11 9 ll 18 8 82 38 44 33 75 46 29 26 See footnotes at end of table. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. NOTE: 2 .2 0 Data for nonmanufacturing do not include information for department and limited-price variety stores; the remainder of retail trade is appropriately represented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing. 21 21 - 2 .9 0 - 11 T a b le A -4 : C u s t o d ia l and M a te r ia l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n tin u e d (Average hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in St. Louis, M o., by industry division, November 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation 1 and industry d ivision Number of workers Shipping and receivin g c le r k s ___________ M anufacturing _ ____ ___ __ ------------Nonmanufacturing ____ __ ________ Whole sale trade _ ............... ... _ 405 267 138 99 T ru ck d river s 4 __ __ „ ___ __ ______ ____ __ M anufacturing __________ ___ _ __ Nonmanufacturing __ ___ P u blic u tilitie s I ____ _ __ _ __ ____ W holesale t r a d e __ __ ___ T r u ckdriver s, light (under t o n s ) _____ _ M anufacturing _ ____ _ ____ Nonmanufacturing __ __ _ __ __ $ Average $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ hourly 2 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 1.40 00 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 earnings Under 1. and $ under 1. 00 1.20 1. 30 1.40 1. 10 1. 50 1.60 1. 7 0 1. 80 1.90 $ 2. 2. 2. 2. 04 04 05 05 ■ _ - - 19 l9 ■ 2, 856 851 2, 005 1, 167 482 2. 36 2 .4 5 2. 32 2. 33 2.37 . - . - . - . - 208 131 77 2. 18 2.2 1 2. 13 _ - _ _ _ " T r uckdriver s, m edium (l^g to and including 4 tons) __ _________________ M anufacturing _______ ______ _ __ _____ N on m an u factu rin g_______________________ P u blic u tilitie s! W holesale trade _ ___ __ __ 1, 069 593 571 240 221 2. 36 2. 51 2 .2 4 2 .2 4 2 .2 8 " - T ru ck d riv e rs , heavy (over 4 tons, t r a ile r type) __ ___ __ __ M anufacturing _____________ __ ______ Nonmanufacturing ___ ___ __ P u blic utilities-j_____ ____ W holesale trade _ _ _ 1, 071 114 957 505 242 2. 39 2. 55 2. 37 2. 36 2.46 - 2. 2. 2. 2. 11 10 15 16 _ " 2. 02 2. 01 " T r u c k e r s , pow er (fork lift) _ ___ M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________ _____________ __ _ N on m an u factu rin g__________________________ W holesale trade _ __ __ __ T r u c k e r s , pow er (other than fo rk lift) M anufacturing _ ______________ ________ vVa tc h m e n __ __ __ „ M anufacturing _ Nonmanufacturing P u blic u t ilit ie s ! F i n a n c e f !__ __ ________ ________ _ __ __ __ __ ___ ___ __ ________ ________ _________ ____ _ __ __ _ __ 1,456 TT3T5---138 90 345 333 1, 532 — 889 80 53 1.42 ~TTT3~ 1.20 1.70 1. 18 26 26 - $ 2. 60 2. 00 2. 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2 .7 0 2. 80 2 .9 0 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 $ $ $ 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 111 88 23 23 14 2 12 12 23 20 3 3 27 20 7 " 3 2 7 7 - 5 4 1 1 - 12 3 9 1 - 96 41 55 11 44 69 33 36 4 31 165 81 84 30 32 342 125 217 11 44 1401 73 1328 1051 128 47 11 36 3 33 104 72 32 32 365 183 182 44 138 _ - 5 5 ■ 4 4 ■ 8 8 35 34 1 45 19 26 18 18 _ “ _ “ 49 43 6 _ “ 8 8 3 - - 2 2 - 1 1 1 - 3 2 1 1 - 88 30 116 41 ------IT- ------ JT 11 83 47 4 11 30 7 31 36 150 63 87 7 - 316 53 263 172 88 36 36 3 33 _ 106 80 26 26 - " - - - - 3 3 “ 104 104 40 664 17 647 461 40 2 2 " 94 32 32 - 11 11 • 137 137 • 24 23 1 1 28 28 " 128 85 43 4 233 233 - 188 140 48 48 23 23 ■ 38 34 1 1 _ - 22 13 9 _ ~ - - 8 8 8 - - - - . ~ . • ■ . _ . • ~ 140 515 35 480 44 44 66 40 26 10 118 117 53 14 49 4 6r ■ 7 63 52 11 6 56 “ TT” 1 15 12 14 8 - ----- IT" 8 1 - 24 24 24 108 230 182 97 — 2 l¥ '” 1F T 16 15 11 16 6 11 17 4 17 ------? Data limited to men workers, except where otherwise indicated. Excludes premium pay for pvertime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Workers were distributed as follows: '5 at $0.60 to $0.70; 12 at $0.80 to $0.90; and 6 at $0.90 to $ 1. Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, Finance, insurance, and real estate. $ 2. 50 28 19 9 4 15 45 15 ------ 45 120 — n r 6 6 3 1 1 2 3 4 ■f ft $ 2 .4 0 28 11 17 7 - - $ 2. 30 26 20 6 " 8 8 3 7 $ 2 .2 0 21 17 4 4 30 13 17 8 - 88 36 52 - $ 2. 10 42 7 35 29 12 8 4 - $ 2. 00 45 34 11 11 - 140 4 35 $ 1. 90 121 — nr 6 6 41 11 115 113 -------- 51— n r 3 - 3 3 18 3 15 12 13 9 4 - 33 22 22 -----3 3 " - - 3. 00 $ 3. 00 and over 1 1 “ 1 1 - . - . " _ - _ “ _ - 24 24 - 181 161 - - - 180 30 150 44 106 ■ ■ ~ " 28 28 ~ 46 42 4 4 70 70 - _ ■ 20 20 - _ “ 8 8 _ 5 5 l . _ 1 “ “ 62 13 io 3 3 24 181 24 ~ i w r ■ ■ _ . _ _ _ - - - - - B: E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c tic e s T a b le and B -1 : S u p p le m e n ta r y S h ift W age 13 P r o v is io n s D iffe r e n tia ls 1 Percent of manufacturing plant workers— (a) In establishments having formal provisions for— Shift differential Second shift work Total ................................................................................................ With shift pay differential __ Uniform cents (per hour) Under 5 cents _ ............. .. .... 5 cents .... ......... ....... . 6 cents _ ........... ........________ ... . _ __ 7 cents ..... 8 cents ........ 9 cents _ ___ _______________ __ __________________ 10 cents ______ ____________________________________ 11 cents 12 cents ___________ __ ______________ ___________ 15 cents __________________ _________________________ Over 1 5 cents _______________________ ______________ Uniform percentage __ _ _ 3 percent ___________________________________________ 5 percent _ _ _ 7 percent ________ __________________ ______________ 7/2 percent _________________________________________ 8 percent ____________________ ______ ___ _________ 10 percent____ _ _ ____ __ _ _ 12V2 percent _______________________________________ 13 percent ___________ ___ __ ____________ __ 15 percent __ Over 15 percent__________ __ _ Other2 _ _ _ _ No shift pay differential___________________________________ Third or other shift work (b) Actually working on— Second shift Third or other shift 90.9 89. 1 18.4 8. 1 90.9 89. 1 18.4 8. 1 51. 2 48. 7 10. 2 6. 1 3.6 17. 0 6 .6 .5 3. 7 3. 1 13. 8 .6 1. 2 1. 0 _ . . 3. 6 2. 1 4. 3 22.9 .3 6.9 5. 3 3. 2 1. 1 3. 1 1.4 * .9 .8 2. 5 .1 .3 1. 1 _ .1 .6 2. 0 * .9 .9 .5 33.9 19. 5 7. 1 .4 .6 8. 1 10. 2 2. 0 3.6 9 .4 - _ .6 1. 2 .3 13. 8 .7 1. 2 1. 1 .6 .2 .7 3. 6 .3 .6 1. 7 - . .3 * - 5. 8 20.9 1.0 1. 6 “ _ ■ ' ' 1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Op erated late shift at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. 2 Includes such combination plans as full day's pay for reduced hours plus a paid lunch period; full day's pay for reduced hours plus a flat sum; and full day's pay for reduced hours plus a cents-per-hour or percentage differential. * Less than 0. 05 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, St. Louis, Mo. , November 1957 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 14 Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in— Minimum rate (weekly salary) All schedules 230 Establishments studied------------- ---------------------- Manufacturing Based on standard weekly hours 2 of— All industries 104 40 XXX Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in— Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing All schedules 37 % 126 All industries All schedules 40 XXX XXX 1 230 $37. and $ 4 0 . 00 and $ 4 7 . SO and $4S. 00 and $ 4 7. SO and $ S 0 . 00 and $ S7. SO and $ SS. 00 and $ S 7 . SO and $ 6 0 . 00 and $ 6 7 . SO and .*fe6S. 0 0 a n d nndf»r undp.r tin d er tin d e r tin d e r tin d e r tin d er tin d er tin d er tin d er under over $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 7 . SO $ 4 S . 00 $ 4 7 . SO $ SO. 00 . .. $ S 7 . SO $ SS. 00 $ S7. SO . $ 6 0 . 00 $ 6 7 . SO $ 6 S . 00 133 .. .... .. ......... .. _ 68 1 59 65 8 3 1 1 2 1 47 16 21 17 11 12 12 8 2 5 4 5 10 7 9 6 9 8 7 1 2 3 5 8 6 8 6 8 6 6 1 2 3 19 6 14 8 5 3 4 1 1 3 1 _ _ _ _ 14 3 10 5 3 2 4 1 1 3 1 Establishments having no specified minimum _ 66 27 XXX 39 XXX XXX Establishments which did not employ workers in this catesorv 31 9 XXX 22 XXX X XX ........... . _ .. _ .. _. .. _ .... ________ _ . _ _ _. ...... _ .... ___ ................. __ . .. .. . . . ... . . 24 104 40 XXX All schedules 126 37V2 XXX 40 XXX FOR OTHER INEXPERIENCED CLERICAL WORKERS 3 FOR INEXPERIENCED TYPISTS F '.s ta h lis h m e n ts h a v in a a s n e c i f i e d m in im u m Nonmanufacturing Based on standard weekly hours 2 of— 143 66 4 33 19 20 17 11 12 7 2 1 7 9 7 9 5 8 6 7 1 4 58 5 8 7 8 4 7 5 77 8 57 3 2 26 10 13 8 6 _3 1 2.0 5 10 5 6 3 3 _ 1 3 _ 4 1 2 4 3 _ 1 3 _ _ 2 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ 68 28 XXX 40 XXX XXX 19 10 XXX 9 XXX XXX 9 5 2 7 4 1 Lowest salary rate formally established for hiring inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs. 2 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the most common workweeks reported. 3 Rates applicable to messengers, office girls, or similar subclerical jobs are not considered. Occupational Wage Survey, St. Louis, M o., November 1957 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics NOTE: Data for nonmanufacturing do not include information for department and limited-price variety stores; the remainder of retail trade is appropriately represented in data for all industries combined and for nonmanufacturing. 15 Table B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Weekly hours All 2 industries All workers __________________________________ Under 37V2 hours ____________________________ 37V2 hours ___________________________________ Over 37 V2 and under 40 hours ______________ 40 hours ____________________________________ Over 40 and under 44 hours __________________ 44 hours _____________________________________ Over 44 hours___ __________________________ 1 2 3 ** t ft Estimates for office workers are not Includes data for retail trade (except Includes data for retail trade (except Less than 0. 5 percent. Transportation (excluding railroads), Finance, insurance, and real estate. Manufacturing Public utilities . | PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade Finance ‘|”t’ All 3 industries 100 100 100 100 100 100 5 9 5 80 ** 1 ** 2 8 3 87 ** 4 2 4 90 1 " 9 1 90 ■ 17 17 13 53 ■ 2 4 ** 88 3 1 2 _______________ 100 1 5 - Wholesale trade 100 - - - - 88 3 1 2 96 2 2 97 3 - ■ communication, and other public utilities, Overtime Pay Practices PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— All worke rs ________________ 100 Public . utilities T comparable with earlier studies. See Introduction, p. 2. department and limited-price variety stores), and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. department and limited-price variety stores), real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Table B-4; Overtime policy Manufacturing All industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities y Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 57 56 5 51 72 72 6 65 63 63 63 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— All 2 industries - Manufacturing Public utilitiesJ Wholesale 100 100 100 100 100 8 8 4 4 - 93 93 5 87 ** ** 98 98 6 92 _ _ 96 96 _ 94 2 _ 84 81 _ 81 _ 3 Finance j--}’ DAILY OVERTIME Workers in establishments providing premium pay3 _____________________________ Time and one-half _______________________ Effective after less than 8 hours Effective after 8 hours _______________ Effective after more than 8 hours____ Double time _______________________ ___ Workers in establishments providing no premium pay or having no policy__________ - - 1 - 82 82 3 79 - 43 28 18 37 92 7 2 4 16 98 97 5 92 ** 1 100 100 7 93 - 99 99 3 96 - 100 100 1 99 - 99 99 4 96 - 99 99 5 92 2 ** 100 100 6 94 _ _ 100 100 _ 98 2 _ 100 97 2 - ** - ** 1 - - - - WEEKLY OVERTIME Workers in establishments providing premium pay 3 Time and one-half ____________ _______ Effective after less than 40 hours _ Effective after 40 hours______________ Effective after more than 40 h o u rs ___ Double time _________________________ __ Workers in establishments providing no premium pay or having no policy____ ___ - - 97 3 1 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Graduated provisions are classified to the first effective premium rate. For example, a plan calling for time and one-half after 8 and double time after 10 hours a day would be considered as time and one-half after 8 hours. Similarly, a plan calling for no pay or pay at regular rate after 37 V2 and time and one-half after 40 hours would be considered as time and one-half after 40 hours. ** Less than 0. 5 percent. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Occupational Wage Survey, St. Louis, Mo. , November 1957 tt Finance, insurance, and real estate. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 16 Table B-5: W age Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Item AU industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities f Wholesale trade PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance All 2 industries * Manufacturing Public utilities f Wholesale trade WAGE STRUCTURE FOR TIME-RATED WORKERS 3 Formal rate structure _________________________ Single rate Range of rates Individual rates ________________________________ 64 68 86 52 67 63 36 68 84 14 50 48 67 33 1 1 32 2 2 - 95 54 41 5 95 59 36 5 100 76 24 71 29 15 15 99 _ . - - 1 95 43 52 5 26 74 * METHOD OF WAGE PAYMENT FOR PLANT WORKERS Time workers Incentive workers Piecework Bonus work _ _ Commission 11 11 1 _ 97 3 3 1 1 LABOR- MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS 4 Workers in establishments with agreements covering a majority of such workers ________ 10-14 5-9 75-79 5-9 0-4 95-99 95-99 95-99 | 80-84 i 1 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Estimates for office workers are based on total office employment, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only. 4 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so obtained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements, due to the exclusion of smaller size establishments. | Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, St. Louis, M o., November 1957 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 17 Table B-6; Paid Holidays1 PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Item Manufacturing Public utilitiest Wholesale trade Finance 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 98 ** - - 2 2 ** 18 AU , industries All workers , ----- — Workers in establishments providing paid holidays __ ___ Workers in establishments providing no paid holidays______________________________ AU , industries Manufacturing Public utilities'!' Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 98 100 100 100 - 2 - - - NUMBER OF DAYS Less than 6 holidays 6' holidays _____________________________________ 6 holidays plus 1 half day _ _ _ 6 holidays plus 2 half days ____________________________ 7 holidays __________________________________________________ 7 holidays plus 1 half day 7 holidays plus 3 half days ____________________ 8 holidays _______ _____________________________ 8-holidays plus 2 half days ___________________________ 9 holidays __ ___________ ____ 12 holidays _ _______________ ______ 1 23 4 3 39 26 1 2 1 4 52 33 30 - 7 6 46 30 5 55 - - - 17 77 13 12 - - - - 3 4 - 1 1 8 2 43 54 - - 9 2 1 1 37 - 3 - - - 2 27 ** . 3 - ** 26 ** - _ 2 33 ** 5 41 _ 25 - 1 3 1 2 - - _ 35 10 - - - TOTAL HOLIDAY TIME 4 12 days 9 or more days ________ _ ____ _______ _________ _______ ____ __ _ ____ ___ ___________________ _ _ _ 7 or more days ___________________________________________ 6 V2 or more days _____________ _________________________ 6 or more days __________________________________________ 5V2 or more days _______________________________________ 5 or more days __________________________________________ _ 8 V2 or more days 8 or more days 7 V2 or more days * 1 2 2 29 30 72 76 98 98 99 . 4 4 13 15 71 72 98 98 100 _ - 37 37 81 81 99 99 100 _ 3 - - 17 17 73 73 98 98 98 80 80 89 97 100 100 100 _ _ 3 3 15 4 4 16 18 70 70 98 99 16 62 63 96 97 98 . _ _ . 35 35 65 65 98 98 - | ! 10 10 70 70 100 100 100 100 100 99 13 98 99 100 100 100 100 39 98 62 100 100 100 99 15 100 100 1 100 100 HOLIDAYS5 New Year’s Day _________________________________________ Washington’ s Birthday _________________________________ Decoration Day ___________________________________________ July 4th _ ___ _____________ Labor Day _ _ ___________________ Veterans' Day _____________________________________________ Thanksgiving Day _______________________________________ Christmas __________________________________________________ Good Friday ___________________________________ Day after Thanksgiving __ ____________ Floating Holiday__________________________ ___ Half day Christmas Eve _______________________ Half day New Years’ Eve ______________________ 99 29 98 99 99 50 99 99 9 5 4 6 2 100 13 98 99 100 41 100 100 11 9 8 7 4 100 37 100 100 98 20 100 79 100 100 100 ** - 98 98 98 38 98 98 21 5 - 1 1 1 99 79 100 100 - 78 100 100 - 10 98 13 96 98 98 37 98 98 12 8 3 7 4 100 100 11 4 8 6 35 _ ■ 15 35 17 - 5 ■ ' 1 Estimates relate to holidays provided annually. 2 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. 5 Only the holidays or half-day holidays provided to at least 2 percent of the office or plant workers in the area are shown in this tabulation. A few other holidays or half holidays were provided. **L ess than 0 .5 percent. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, Occupational Wage Survey St. Louis, Mo. , November 1957 f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 18 Table B-7: Paid Vacations PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Vacation policy All workers _ All . industries1 ..... Manufacturing Public utilities f Wholesale trade PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance f ^ All 2 industries Public utilities f Manufacturing Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 ** 99 99 - 100 99 ** 100 100 _ 100 100 _ 99 90 9 1 100 98 2 100 100 _ 99 91 8 1 ** - - - ** ** - - 38 4 51 3 3 38 5 53 1 3 45 3 52 _ - 35 13 49 3 - 20 61 10 9 78 10 11 1 79 11 9 1 58 4 '38 46 22 26 7 29 2 69 ** - 22 3 75 - 79 1 20 - 37 _ 61 2 - 99 11 1 87 ** 1 11 2 85 2 6 93 ** - 16 _ 82 2 " 100 - 4 94 ** 1 7 90 2 ** 99 ** - 97 2 - 100 - _ 93 2 5 _ 95 1 5 _ 99 ** - 98 2 - _ 87 6 7 METHOD OF PAYMENT Workers in establishments providing paid vacations ............. , _____ Length-of-time payment Percentage payment ___ Other __ Workers in establishments providing no paid vacations . __ ___ _ AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY After 6 months of service No provision Less than 1 week 1 week Over 1 and under 2 weeks 2 weeks _ _ ._ _ .. __ : - After 1 year of service 1 week _ .. Over 1 and under 2 weeks ____________________ 2 weeks _... .. Over 2 and under 3'weeks ____________________ 3 weeks ** - 86 1 11 1 1 88 1 9 80 2 17 1 - 63 2 31 1 3 70 3 22 1 16 _ 84 - 34 3 60 3 " 23 7 66 1 29 2 92 3 3 2 98 - 1 94 2 1 94 1 4 _ 100 > 97 66 31 3 | After 2 years of service 1 week ....... ^ Over 1 and under 2 w eeks____________________ 2 weeks . . Over 2 and under 3 weeks 3 weeks ----------------------------------------------------------- _ 3 After 3 years of service 1 week Over 1 and under 2 weeks _ __ .... 2 weeks _ . _ ........ . Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s___________________ 3 weeks -------------------------- -------------------------------- _ 9 57 1 3 3 - After 5 years of service Under 2 weeks 2 weeks Over 2 and under 3 weeks 3 weeks .... See footnotes at end of table. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. NOTE: 3 - - Occupational Wage Survey, St. Louis, M o ., November 1957 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length of time, " such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week*s pay. 3 19 Table B-7: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Vacation policy All industries x Manufacturing Public . utilities t PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade Financet t All 2 industries Manufacturing Wholesale trade Public . utilitiest AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY - Continued After 10 years of service Under 2 w eeks__________________ ______ ___ 2 w e e k s_______ _______________________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ___ ____ __ ___ 3 weeks _ _ _ _ 70 4 26 _ 73 2 24 _ 65 ** 35 _ 78 3 19 _ 68 12 21 ! 68 9 22 1 68 11 20 _ 53 47 _ 80 7 14 16 ** 80 4 _ 6 88 5 _ 9 91 - _ 37 2 61 - _ 22 71 8 1 11 1 84 2 1 4 1 90 3 _ 1 - _ 37 3 60 - _ 14 ** 73 1 12 _ 6 82 1 10 _ 9 _ 31 2 52 _ 17 1 11 1 76 1 10 1 4 1 83 2 9 1 11 1 62 3 22 1 4 1 68 4 21 After 15 years of service Under 2 weeks________________________________ 2 weeks _ .. ................. Over 2 and under 3 w eeks____________________ 3 weeks ______________ _______ ______ ___ ........ ........... ........... — 4 weeks _ 99 - After 20 years of service Under 2 weeks ___________ ____ ____ ______ _ 2 weeks ____ __ _______ __ ___________ Over 2 and under 3 w eeks___________________ 3 weeks ___ __ Over 3 and under 4 weeks __________________ 4 weeks______ - 58 - 72 - - 33 15 10 6 _ 9 - - _ 28 2 48 22 9 68 24 1 - 59 40 ! i ! ! _ 3C 3 60 After 25 years of service Under 2 weeks 2 weeks __ ____________ ___________________ Over 2 and under 3 w eeks___________________ 3 weeks ______________ ______ _________________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks __________________ 4 w eeks___ ________________________________ _ 12 ** 64 1 23 - 69 1 23 50 ** 40 - 1 1 40 - 30 3 59 - 59 7 1 1 Includes data for retail trade (except department and lim ited -p rice variety stores), and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for retail trade (except department and lim ited -p rice variety stores), real estate, and services in addition to tnose industry divisions shown separately. ** L ess than 0.5 percent. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 20 Table B-8: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Type of plan All industries Manufacturing PERCENT OF PLANT WORKER8 EMPLOYED IN— Public utilities f Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 Financeff All , industries Public utilities f Wholesale trade 100 100 100 Manufacturing ....... All workers •Workers in establishments providing: Life insurance________________________ Accidental death and dismemberment insurance ___________________________ Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both 3 _________________ Sickness and accident insurance__ Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) __________________ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period) __________________ Hospitalization insurance ____________ Surgical insurance ___________________ Medical insurance ____________________ Catastrophe insurance _______________ Retirement pension __________________ No health, insurance, or pension plan 100 100 94 97 93 93 99 93 95 100 89 56 71 20 77 27 69 73 41 66 77 52 84 68 96 24 81 53 52 28 92 81 94 88 100 47 80 59 53 58 40 57 49 20 18 32 57 6 75 76 68 23 78 2 1 91 90 81 28 81 1 47 53 53 47 27 82 3 3 81 81 76 10 61 3 ** 49 58 54 25 89 ** 9 87 85 71 12 67 3 7 93 90 76 13 71 36 69 69 50 17 93 7 75 75 60 11 68 11 1 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for retail trade (except department and limited-price variety stores), real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Unduplicatedtotal of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick-leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick-leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. ** Less than 0.5 percent. ■f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, St. Louis, Mo. , November 1957 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix: Job Descriptions 21 The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau*s job descriptions may differ signifi cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau*s field representatives are instructed to exclude work ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O ffic e BILLER, MACHINE Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in cidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Biller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers* purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc. , which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ments business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or ac counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func tional basis among several workers. 22 CLERK, FILE Class A - Responsible for maintaining an established filing system. Classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating m a terial in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective de partments to be filled. May check with credit department to deter mine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. Keeps files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confi dential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dicta tion or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior. CLERK, PAYROLL STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type writer. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). COMPTOMETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. TECHNICAL DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon sibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine. Makes necessary ad justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or ditto m asters. May sort, collate, and staple com pleted material. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give infor mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. 23 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST tion type This time addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’s while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine; does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate auxiliary machines. included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep ing simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreignlanguage copy; combining material from several sources, or planning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uni formity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not P r ofessional DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Uses various types of drafting tools ,as required. May pre pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or pre liminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during Class B - Performs one or more of the following: Typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e tc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. a nd Technical DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc. , to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. 24 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees1 injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. M a in t e n a n c e TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple drawings and do simple lettering. n d Po we r p la n t CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, mo tors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one~engineer are excluded. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician*s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific qr general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding ma terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools, and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. 25 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjust ments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance' mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE MILLWRIGHT Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following; Interpreting written instruc tions and specifications; planning ana laying out of work; using a va riety of machinist's handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal part8 to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay out are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re ducers. In general, the millwright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal appren ticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work involves most of the following; Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. 26 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the fol lowing: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe re quired; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. and laying out ail types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtoois in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning Custodial and (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In cludes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi cations; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtoois and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Material ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER TOOL AND DIE MAKER Movement JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. 27 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchan dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, custom ers1 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of out going orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware houses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail estab lishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re sponsible for incoming shipment of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under IV2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (lVa to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy lover 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (othei* than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1958 O -455126 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys are being conducted in 17 major labor markets during late 1957 and early 1958. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C., or from any of the regional sales offices shown. Bulletins for the areas listed below are now available. Seattle, Wash., August 1957 - B L S Bull. 1224-1, price 20 cents Boston, Mass., September 1957 — B L S Bull. 1224-2, price 25 cents
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