The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABO R STA TISTICS Ewon O o g u e . Commissioner HAWAII Occupational Wage Survey SOUTH BEND, INDIANA MARCH 1965 Bulletin No. 14 30 -54 May 1965 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 20 cents Preface Contents P age The B u reau o f L a b or S ta tistic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c cu p a tio n a l w age su r v e y s in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s is d e sign ed to p ro v id e data on o c cu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s , and e s t a b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s . It y ie ld s d e ta ile d data b y s e le c t e d in d u stry d iv is io n s f o r ea ch o f the a r e a s stu d ied , fo r e c o n o m ic r e g io n s , and fo r the United S tates. A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the p r o g r a m is the n eed fo r g r e a te r in sigh t into (1) the m o v e m e n t o f w ag es by o c cu p a tio n a l c a te g o r y and s k ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c tu re and le v e l o f w a g es am ong a r e a s and in d u stry d iv is io n s . E ig h ty -tw o a r e a s c u r r e n tly a r e in clu d ed in the p r o g r a m . In form a tion on o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s is c o lle c t e d an n ually in ea ch a r e a . In form a tion on esta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s is obtain ed b i e n n ia lly in m o s t o f the a r e a s . T a b le s : 1. E sta b lish m en ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and 2. In dexes o f stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t -tim e h o u rly ea rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s , and p e r ce n ts o f change fo r s e le c t e d p e r i o d s ________ ________________________________ A. O ccu p a tion a l e a r n in g s :* A -1 . O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s —m en and w o m e n __________________________ A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s —m en and w o m e n ___ A -3 . O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s— m en and w om en c o m b in e d ____________________________________ A -4 . M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a t io n s __ ___________________ A -5 . C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s ______________ A p p en d ix es: A . C h an ges in o c cu p a tio n a l d e s c r ip t i o n s _______________________________ B. O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip t i o n s ____________________________________________ T h is b u lletin p r e s e n ts re s u lts o f the s u r v e y in South Bend, Ind., in M a rch 1965. It w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in C h ic a g o , 111., b y M a rvin G lic k , u nder the d ir e c t io n o f Kenneth T h o rs te n . The study w as u nder the g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f W ood row C. L inn, A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r fo r W ages and In d u stria l R e la tio n s . 1 3 areas. * N O TE : S im ila r tabu lation s a r e a v a ila b le fo r oth er (S ee in sid e b a ck c o v e r .) Union s c a le s , in d ic a tiv e o f p re v a ilin g pay le v e ls in the South Bend a r e a , a r e a v a ila b le fo r bu ildin g c o n s t r u c tion , p rin tin g, lo c a l-t r a n s it op era tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . iii 2 4 6 oo o A t the end o f ea ch s u r v e y , an in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l letin p r e se n ts su r v e y r e s u lts fo r each a r e a stud ied. A fte r c o m p le tio n o f a ll o f the in div id u al a r e a b u lle tin s fo r a round o f s u r v e y s , a tw o -p a r t su m m a ry b u lle tin is is s u e d . The f i r s t p a rt b r in g s data fo r ea ch o f the m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s studied into one b u lletin . The s e c o n d p a rt p r e s e n ts in fo rm a tio n w h ich has b e e n p r o je c te d fr o m in d iv id u al m e t r o p o lita n a r e a data to re la te to e c o n o m ic r e g io n s and the United S tates. I n t r o d u c t io n ____________________________________________________________________ W age tren d s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s ______________________________ 10 11 Occupational Wage Survey—South Bend, Ind. Introduction T h is a r e a is 1 o f 82 in w h ich the U .S . D ep artm en t o f L a b or*s B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistics con d u cts su r v e y s o f o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and re la te d w age b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s is . O ccu p a tion a l em p loy m en t and ea rn in g s data a r e show n f o r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o se h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le in the g iv e n o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in g s data ex clu d e p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts . N on p rod u ction b on u ses a r e e x clu d e d , but c o s t - o f - li v i n g b o n u se s and in ce n tiv e ea rn in g s a r e in clu d e d . W h ere w e e k ly h o u rs a r e r e p o r t e d , a s fo r o ffic e c le r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o r k sch e d u le s (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s a r e pa id; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th e se o c cu p a tio n s h ave b een roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . T h is b u lletin p r e s e n ts c u r r e n t o c cu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t and ea rn in g s in fo rm a tio n obtain ed la r g e ly b y m a il fr o m the e sta b lis h m e n ts v is it e d b y B u reau fie ld e c o n o m is t s in the la s t p r e v io u s s u r v e y fo r o ccu p a tio n s r e p o r t e d in that e a r lie r study. P e r s o n a l v is it s w e r e m ade to n on resp on d en ts and to th o se resp on d en ts r e p o rtin g unusual changes s in c e the p r e v io u s s u r v e y . T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n te d r e fle c t c o m p o s it e , a r e a w id e e s tim a te s . In d u stries and e sta b lis h m e n ts d iffe r in pay le v e l and jo b staffin g and, th u s, con trib u te d iffe r e n tly to the e s tim a te s f o r ea ch jo b . The pay r e la tio n s h ip ob ta in a b le fr o m the a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e fle c t a c c u r a t e ly the w ag e sp re a d o r d iffe r e n tia l m a in tain ed am ong jo b s in in div idu al e sta b lis h m e n ts . S im ila r ly , d iffe r e n c e s in a v e r a g e pay le v e ls f o r m en and w om en in any o f the s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s sh ou ld not b e a s su m e d to r e fle c t d iffe r e n c e s in pay trea tm en t o f the s e x e s w ith in in div idu al e s ta b lish m e n ts . O th er p o s s ib le fa c t o r s w h ich m a y con trib u te to d if f e r e n c e s in pay fo r m en and w om en in clu d e : D iffe r e n c e s in p r o g r e s s io n w ithin e s ta b lis h e d rate r a n g e s , s in c e on ly the actu a l r a te s paid in cu m ben ts a r e c o lle c t e d ; and d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific du ties p e r fo r m e d , although the w o r k e r s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e su r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n . Job d e s c r ip tio n s u se d in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s a r e u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in dividu al esta b lis h m e n ts and a llow fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e s ta b lish m en ts in the s p e c ific d u ties p e r fo r m e d . In each a r e a , data a r e obtain ed fr o m r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u fa ctu rin g; tr a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; re ta il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a tion s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m ber o f w o r k e r s a r e om itte d b e c a u s e th ey tend to fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t em p loy m en t in the o c cu p a tio n s studied to w a rra n t in c lu s io n . S ep arate tabu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d fo r each o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r i a . T h e se su r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e ce s s a ry c o s t in v o lv e d in su rv ey in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain optim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e sta b lish m en ts is stu d ied. In com b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iven th e ir a p p ro p r ia te w eig h t. E s tim a te s b a se d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as re la tin g to all esta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou p in g and a r e a , e x ce p t f o r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied . O ccu p a tion a l em p loy m en t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in all esta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and not the n u m ber a ctu a lly su r v e y e d . B e c a u se o f d iffe r e n c e s in o ccu p a tio n a l stru c tu re am ong e s ta b lish m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o c cu p a tio n a l em p loy m en t obtain ed fr o m the sa m p le o f esta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la tiv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied. > T h e s e d iffe r e n c e s in o ccu p a tio n a l stru c tu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the ea rn in g s data. O ccu p a tion s and E a rn in gs The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e co m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u factu rin g and n onm an ufacturin g in d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the fo llo w in g ty p e s : ( l ) O ffic e c le r i c a l; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3) m a in ten a n ce and p ow erp la n t; and (4) cu s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m en t. O ccu p a tion a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e s ig n e d to take a ccou n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n in du ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in ap pendix B . E a rn in g s data fo r s o m e o f the o c cu p a tio n s lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d a r e not p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s b e c a u s e e ith e r ( l ) em p loym en t in the o c cu p a tio n is to o sm a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it p r e s e n ta tio n , o r (2) th e re is p o s s i b ility o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u al esta b lis h m e n t data. E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s and Su pplem en tary W age P r o v is io n s T a b u la tion s on s e le c t e d e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m en ta ry w a g e p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) a r e not p r e se n te d in th is b u lletin . In fo rm a tio n fo r th e se ta bu la tion s is c o lle c t e d b ien n ia lly in th is a r e a . T h e se ta bu la tion s on m in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r in e x p e r ie n c e d w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ; sh ift d iffe r e n t ia ls ; sch ed u led w e e k ly h o u r s ; p a id h o lid a y s ; paid v a c a tio n s ; and health, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n p la n s ; a r e p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b les) in p r e v io u s b u lletin s f o r th is a r e a . 1 2 Table 1. Establishm ents and w orkers within scop e o f survey and number studied in South Bend, Ind .,1 by m a jo r industry d ivision , 2 M arch 1965 Minimum em ploym ent in establish ments in scope o f study Industry division Within scope o f stu dy3 W orkers in establishm ents Within scope o f study4 Studied Studied _ 161 78 37,400 29. 620 50 ■ 62 99 35 43 25,500 11,900 21,920 7, 700 50 50 50 50 50 22 15 36 10 16 13 5 12 6 7 2,800 1,400 3,800 2,700 1,200 2, 250 650 1,990 2, 160 650 A ll d ivision s________________________________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------- ------- -----------Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities 5 ------------- ------------------ ....--------- ----W holesale trade 6 R etail trade 6 Finance, insurance, and rea l estate 6 -------- -------S ervices 6 7 Number o f establishm ents 1 The South Bend Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea con sists o f St. Joseph County. The "w ork ers within scope o f study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accu rate d escrip tion o f the size and com p osition o f the la bor fo r c e included in the survey. The estim ates a re not intended, how ever, to serve as a basis o f com p a rison with other em ploym ent indexes fo r the area to m easure em ploym ent trends o r levels since (1) planning o f wage surveys req u ires the use o f establishm ent data com p iled con sid era b ly in advance o f the p a yroll p eriod studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents are excluded fro m the scope o f the survey. 2 The 1957 rev ised edition o f the Standard Industrial C la ssifica tion Manual was used in cla ssifyin g establishm ents by industry division. 3 Includes all establiah.pents with total em ploym ent at or above the m inimum lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) o f com panies in such industries as trade, finance, a u to repair s e rv ice , and m otion picture theaters are co n sid ered as 1 establishm ent. 4 Includes all w orkers in a i ‘. establishm ents with total em ploym ent (within the area) at o r above the minimum lim itation. 5 Taxicabs and s e rv ice s incidental to water transportation w ere excluded. 6 This industry d ivision is rep resented in estim ates fo r "all in d u stries" and "nonm anufacturing" in the S eries A tables. Separate presentation o f data fo r this d ivision is not m ade fo r one o r m ore o f the follow ing reasons: (1) Employment in the d ivision is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sam ple was not designed initially to p erm it separate presentation, (3) resp onse was insufficient o r inadequate to perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is p ossib ility o f d isclo su re o f individual establishm ent data. 7 Hotels; personal s e r v ic e s ; business s e rv ice s ; automobile rep a ir shops; m otion p ictures; nonprofit m em bership organizations (excluding religiou s and charitable organizations); and engineering and architectural s e rv ice s . Table 2. Indexes o f standard w eekly sala ries and straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se lecte d occupational groups in South Bend, In d ., M arch 1965 and M arch 1964, and p ercen ts o f change 1 fo r se le cte d periods Indexes (M arch 1961*100) P ercen ts o f change 1 Industry and occupational group A ll industries: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and w om en )-------Industrial nurses (m en and wom en)---Skilled maintenance (m en)------------- -TTnskill<»H p la n t. (rr»#»n) M arch 1964 tb M arch 1965 M arch 1963 to M arch 1964 M arch 1962 to M arch 1963 M arch 1961 to M arch 1962 April. I960 to M arch 1961 M arch 1965 M arch 1964 109.0 111. 1 107.7 107. 2 107.8 106.3 107.2 107. 8 1. 1 4. 5 .5 2—. 6 2 .8 2- 1 . 0 1.3 1. 2 2 .5 2 .5 2 .5 3 .8 2. 3 4 .7 3 .3 2. 6 2 .8 2.7 2 .9 1.8 108. 7 110. 5 107. 1 107.3 107. 106. 107. 107. .8 3 .9 .1 2- 2 1. 5 2—. 5 1 .4 1.5 2. 1 2 .5 2 .3 3 .7 4. 1 4 .2 3. 1 2 .2 3. 3 3. 2 2 .9 2 .9 Manufacturing: O ffirp r l f t r i r . a l (m #»n w n m «n ) Industrial nurses (m en and w om en)---Skilled maintenance (m en)------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )--------------------------- 9 3 0 5 A ll changes are in cre a se s unless otherw ise indicated. This d ecrea se la rg e ly re fle cts changes in em ploym ent among establishm ents with different pay le v e ls rather than wage d e cre a s e s. 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n t e d in ta ble 2 a r e in dex es and p e r c e n t a g e s o f change in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e ea r n in g s of s e l e c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s . F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u str ia l n u r s e s , the p e r c e n t a g e s of change r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r n o r m a l h ours o f w o r k , that i s , the standard w o r k sc h e d u le f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r i e s a r e paid. F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e changes in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x clu d in g p r e m i u m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts. The p e r c e n t a g e s a r e b a s e d on data f o r s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u p a t io n s and i n clu de m o s t o f the n u m e r i c a l l y im portan t j o b s within ea c h g rou p. The o f f i c e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in the fo llow in g 19 jo b s : B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B; c l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A and B; c l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A , B , and C; c l e r k s , o r d e r ; c l e r k s , p a y r o ll; C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s ; k eypunch o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A and B; o f f i c e b o y s and g i r l s ; s e c r e t a r i e s ; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r ; s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ; t a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B; and t y p is t s , c l a s s A and B. The in d u str ia l n u r s e data a r e b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in d u str ia l n u r s e s . M en in the follow in g 8 sk ille d m a in ten an ce jo b s and 2 u n s k illed j o b s a r e in clu d ed in the plant w o r k e r data: S k i lle d — c a r p e n t e r s ; e l e c t r i c i a n s ; m a c h in is t s ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n i c s , a u tom otiv e; p a in t e rs ; p ip e fi t t e r s ; and t o o l and die m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ; and l a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l handling. A v e r a g e w e e k ly com p u ted for ea c h o f the o r h o u r ly ea r n in g s w e r e the j o b s du ring the p e r i o d s a l a r i e s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly earn ing s w e r e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s . The a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s then m u ltip lie d b y e m p lo y m e n t in ea c h of s u r v e y e d in 1961. T h e s e w e ig h te d earn ing s f o r in div id ual oc c u p a t io n s w e r e then totaled to obtain an a g g r e g a te fo r each o c c u p a t io n a l g rou p . F in a lly , the r a tio ( e x p r e s s e d as a p e r ce n ta g e ) o f the g rou p a g g r e g a te f o r the one y e a r to the a g g r e g a te f o r the oth er y e a r w as co m p u te d and the d i f f e r e n c e betw een the r e s u lt and 100 is the p e r c e n t a g e o f change f r o m the one p e r i o d to the oth er. The in dex es w e r e co m p u te d by m u ltiplyin g the r a tio s f o r each g rou p a g g r e g a te f o r ea c h p e r io d a fter the b a s e y e a r (1961). The in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f change m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e f f e c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w a g e ch a n g es; (2) m e r i t o r other i n c r e a s e s in pay r e c e i v e d by in div id ual w o r k e r s w hile in the sa m e job ; and (3) ch a n g es in a v e r a g e w a g e s due to cha ng es in the la b or f o r c e r esu ltin g f r o m la b o r tu r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and cha ng es in the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by est a b lis h m e n t s with d if f e r e n t pay l e v e l s . Changes in the la b o r f o r c e can cau se i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s without actual w ag e c h a n g es. F o r e x a m p l e , a f o r c e ex p a n sion might in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r paid w o r k e r s in a s p e c i f i c o c c u p a t io n and lo w e r the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a r e d u c tio n in the p r o p o r t io n of lo w e r paid w o r k e r s w ould have the op p o s ite e f f e c t . S i m i l a r l y , the m o v e m e n t of a h igh -pa yin g e s t a b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a cou ld c a u se the a v e r a g e earn in g s to d r o p , even though no change in r a te s o c c u r r e d in other est a b lis h m e n t s in the a r e a . The u se of constant e m p lo y m e n t w eigh ts elim in a t e s the e ffe ct of changes in the p r o p o r t io n of w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in each jo b in clu ded in the data. The p e r c e n t a g e s of change r e f l e c t only changes in a v e r a g e pay f o r s t r a ig h t - t im e h ou r s. T h ey are not in flu enced by changes in standard w o r k s c h e d u l e s , as such, or by p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e . 4 A. Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, South Bend, In d ., M arch 1965) Weekly earnings1 (standard) Number of wo&ers S e x , occu pa tion, and in d u stry d iv isio n Average weekly hours1 (standard) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e living s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f — $ i 45 Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 $ $ S $ i S $ $ $ » s $ $ $ $ t S $ $ 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 11 5 120 125 13 0 135 140 145 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 HO 115 120 125 130 1 35 1 40 145 over 5 1 2 4 2 2 6 3 3 5 ~ 5 3 1 2 4 1 3 10 7 3 7 4 3 2 2 “ 7 2 5 5 5 2 4 4 ~ 6 3 3 10 £ 10 5 1 7 7 1 " 1 l 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 “ l ““ * * 2 11 9 7 3 3 3 1 1 10 2 5 1 5 1 4 3 5 1 5 5 ~ “ ~ “ 1 1 l 1 an d under 50 an d MEN $ IL 7 . 5 0 123.00 4 0 . -> 1 1 2 . 5 0 58 40. 0 89 .0 0 8 8 .0 0 8 1 .0 0 -1 0 0 .5 0 *; r5 / n 1 106 .0 0 ? ..* JU 1 0 5 . 0 0 47 C 10 7 .5 0 1 10.00 9 2 .5 0 -1 1 8 .0 0 9 3 .0 0 -1 1 7 .5 0 31 lb 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 63 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 6 2 .0 0 62 .0 0 4C 4 0 .0 116 .0 0 1 14.00 20 104 .5 0 40. 0 10 7 .5 0 1 12.50 24 4 0 .0 38 C LE R KS , ACCOUNTING, $ $ 10 0 .0 0 -1 3 3 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 -1 3 9 .0 0 9 5 .5 0 -1 2 4 .5 0 nr v* 4 0 .0 0 0 0 c o o ACCOUNTING, 1c rc t>c CO C LE R K S, 5 6 .0 0 5 3 .5 0 - 1 4 1 1 7 7 2 .5 0 72 .0 0 * 8 4 1 2 7 1 1 11 _ j 3 1 T ABULAT ING-MACHINE OPERATORS, T ABULAUNG-MACHINE OPERATORS, n uiMur mv, ___ ..... iu 10 9 .0 0 -1 2 3 .0 0 ft/ C 1 117( «Ud A«3 9 5 .5 0 -1 2 6 .0 0 1 1 1 2 3 8 1 4 3 5 2 - "" WOMEN 8 I L L E K S , MACHINE A* AT Ul Mr t (BILLING - 7 4.50 6 9 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 - UOOKKEEP ING-MACHINE OPERATORS, ” . . . . . . . . ....... . riHOiUr MV, 1 UIN m o NGMANUFACTURING 2* 2d In * ^ 4a 0 .* ^0 9 2 .0 0 62 • 50 o n * in 6 0n *. 5^0 1 CQ ? 7 * Ail— UU HO O7 SD 8 5 .5 0 -1 0 0 .5 0 ?0#U U " 0 7 « ? 0 40* 0 40. 0 8 1 .0 0 84 a f *R n 6 6 # 0U 5 9 .0 0 7 4 .5 0 Ca UU DO« 55 40. C 89* ^ no 40. 0 89 74 .* 5um 0 235 03 40. 0 40. 0 77^4*. 15. 01 7 0.50 7 4 . U0 48 40 0 66.00 8 0.50 5 8 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 - 81 .0 0 8 5 .5 0 BC0KKECP1NG-MACHlNt OPERATORS, n HM'Wr MV, 1u rs iliu ncnranufacturing C L E k K. t ALCUUNIING, C LA SS A MANUFACTURING ——• ncm a n ufa ctur in g C L E R K i , AC CuJ HU N G, C LAS S b MANJFACTUR INC ——■ CLERKS, FILE, CLASS 8 4 .0 0 71 100*50 8 4.00 52 50 75 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 7*7 < £ • C/\ 2v 6 2 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 - 7 9.00 8 5.00 C 1 k.1— w/. A,*) MG 1\Jf\ |HIU 40. C 6 7 .5 0 77 .0 0 UUCINfNOf ^MTrSiJUU HMUjr/U, 1Uf\ HMO an 92 40 0 40. U d o .* 00 8 7 . U0 88.00 7 2 .0 0 - 98.50 7f a c n o7 0 « e5 J KtYPJN CH UP l R a TORS, C LAS S A ——— ——— af J ir AC ar r1UK 11 ING i *jr ——" MAN 411 40. 0 40. 0 8b . 5 0 9 0 .5 0 91 .5 0 8 0 .0 0 8 6 .0 0 - 124 40. 0 7 3 . UU 7 1 .5 0 64 40. 0 b 7 ! 50 6 7 .0 0 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B __ —— —— MANOFALTUK ING —■ NcN -IANUF ACTUR ING See footnotes at end o f table 8 8 * ~ * 8 ~ 8 2 6 9 ~ 9 2 ” 24 ~ l i 1 ” 1 _ 1 1 47 29 13 51 10 30 7 3 9 8 1 12 6 6 10 10 3 7 2 5 1 1 2^ 16 8 T *■ 2 2 * 3 * p 8 12 1 8 6 * 3 1 1 7 7 1 12 0 * 47 15 20 6 22 12 3 3 2 2 10 3 8 * *3 8 17 17 4 8 18 11 3 3 2 2 2 * * 1 1 1 8 2 8 1 1 5 5 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 3 3 1 9 2 .0 0 9 8 .0 0 6 4 .5 0 - 80 .0 0 1 DJ R,'). 00 DO #?U KA (7 U 6 2 .0 0 - 7 2.00 *7 24 8 1 .0 0 - 9 8 .5 0 □ rt,\_ 1 , if. #U ITJ\ 7 i2# U U*iut> 7 9 .0 0 - 9 1.50 52 18 V,ULIM\0 f HM.M 1 6 ~ 2 2 15 15 13 20 22 26 14 18 15 2 13 11 2 9 * 29 9 5 4 2 9 d 7 1 1 1 l 7 6 3 3 3 10 10 97 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 4 4 27 2 ~ ~ 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W omen— Continued ( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y h o u r s an d e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d o n an a r e a b a s i s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , S o u th B e n d , In d . , M a r c h 1 9 6 5 ) Weekly earnings1 _____ (standard)_____ Average weekly hours1 ( standard) Sex, occ up a tio n, and in dus tr y di v is i o n Nu m b e r o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g st r a i g h t - t im e w ee kl y ea rni ngs of— 45 Middle range 2 and under 50 WOMEN - 50 55 - - 55 60 60 - 65 - 65 70 - 75 - 80 - 70 75 80 24 10 3 7 19 7 12 85 - 85 90 95 - 100 - 90 95 23 3 33 11 22 4 1 05 - 100 110 105 115 - 110 115 120 - 120 125 - 125 130 - 130 135 - 135 140 140 - 145 and 145 over C 0NTIN UE0 $ ------------------------------------------- 22 S E C R E T A R I E S ---------------------------------------------M A N U F A C TU R I NG ----------------------------------NCNMANUF A C T U R I N G ----------------------------P U B L I C UT IL I T I E S 3------------------------- 3 60 185 175 S T E N O G R A P H E R S , G E N E R A L ----------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------N U N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 3------------------------- 245 126 S T E N O G R A P H E R S , S E N I O R ------------------------M AN U F A C T U R I NG ----------------------------------- O FFICE GIRLS 22 4 0. 0 66.50 67.50 98.50 9 8. 00 40.0 4 0. 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 1 0 9 . 0 0 87.00 86.50 40. 0 95.50 9 4 . 00 40.0 5 9.0 0- 74.50 8 5 .0 0 112.00 9 9 .0 0 119.00 7 6 .0 0 - 97.00 8 8 .0 0 101.00 1 23 3 39 23 16 l 42 77.50 80.50 74.00 86.50 70.50 80.50 72.50 95.00 6 7 .0 0 - 86.50 6 9 .0 0 - 91.50 6 4 .5 0 - 79.50 7 3 .5 0 - 98.00 206 124 40.0 39.5 86.50 91.50 84.00 91.50 7 4 .0 0 - 99.00 7 9 .5 0 105.50 S W I T C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R S --------------------------MANUF ACTUR I N G ----------------------------------N CN MA N U FA C TU R IN G ----------------------------- 63 27 36 41.0 4 0.0 42. 0 7 3. 00 84.5 0 6 4.00 75.00 83.00 60.50 5 7 .5 0 - 85.00 7 7 .0 0 - 95.00 5 3 .5 0 - 76.00 SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S M A N U F A C T U RI N G ----------------------------------N ON M AN U FA CT U RI NG ----------------------------- 46 25 21 40. 0 40.0 40. 0 74. 00 75.00 73. 00 71.00 72.00 69.50 6 7 . 0 0 - 80.50 6 7 .0 0 - 84.00 6 7 .0 0 - 79.00 40. 0 40.0 67.00 73.50 64.00 72.50 5 8.5 06 1.00- 73.00 87.50 15 3 3 3 86.50 89.00 76.00 7 7 .0 0 - 95.50 8 1 .0 0 - 98.00 6 4 .0 0 - 84.50 4 16 12 14 10 39. 0 85.00 88.50 74.00 3 9.5 40. 0 39.5 40. 0 63.00 67.00 62.50 71.50 62.50 67.50 62.00 74.00 5 8 .5 0 - 68.00 6 2 . 0 0 - 72.00 5 8 .0 0 - 66.00 6 2 .5 0 - 83.00 22 TR A NSCRIBING-M ACH INE OPERATORS, G ENERA L ---------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------T Y P I S T S , C L A S S A ----------------------------------MA N U FA C TU R IN G ----------------------------------N CN MA N U FA C TU R IN G ----------------------------T Y P I S T S , C L A S S B ----------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------N C N MA N U FA C TU R IN G ----------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 3------------------------- 1 2 than the 3 276 54 22 2 11 4 7 23 3 20 12 1 12 18 - 2 52 21 82 3 27 6 21 4 31 28 22 11 10 1 1 6 5 1 1 10 4 3 1 1 7 12 22 3 18 20 6 12 1 30 20 17 13 26 4 0.0 40.0 40.0 40. U 1 19 40 - 13 1 1 10 17 4 1 4 - 4 1 11 1 - 1 - 4 5 1 1 - - 1 2 3 1 - 1 - - - l - 1 - 2 1 - 2 - - - 10 4 9 9 2 2 io - - - 4 - - - - 2 2 Standard hour s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w hic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e th eir re g u l a r st r a i g h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e ar ni ngs c o r r e s p o n d to th ese w e e k l y hou rs . Th e m ea n is co m p ut e d fo r e ach job by totaling the e ar ni ngs o f all w o r k e r s and dividing by the nu m b e r o f w o r k e r s . Th e m e di an de s ig na te s po s it i o n — half o f the e m p l o y e e s su r ve y ed r e c e i v e m o r e rate shown; half r e c e i v e le s s than the rate shown. Th e m id dl e ra nge is defin ed by 2 ra te s o f pay; a fourth o f the w o r k e r s e a rn le s s than the lo w e r of thes e ra te s and a four th ea rn m o r e than the higher rate. T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , co m m u n i c a t io n , and o the r pu blic util iti es. 6 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and W omen (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , South B end , Ind. , M a r c h 1965) W eekly e a r n in g s1 (standard ) S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n N um ber of w orkers $ A ve rage w eek ly ( standard] M e a n 12 M e d ian 2 M iddle r a n g e 2 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k lv e a rn in g s o f— $ $ * $ $ $ 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 and u n d er 90 - - 95 1 00 105 110 - 115 120 2 2 1 - - 10 10 1 1 WOMEN NURSES, INDUSTRIAL U ANU AKli 1C AfTl Tfu r* n r A l l UID K In lU (REGISTERED) ------ 18 17 $ $ 4 0 . 0 1 0 5 .5 0 1 1 1 . 0 0 4U. 0 1 0 5 .5 0 1 1 1 .5 0 $ $ 9 7 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 - 1 1 3 .5 0 3 1 1 4 .0 0 3 1 l 1 S tandard h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . s a la r i e s and the e a rn in g s D ata w e r e not c o l l e c t e d f o r d r a ft s m e n and t r a c e r s due to the r e v i s io n o f o c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s , w h ic h w e r e r e v i s e d to fa c ilit a t e im p r o v e d c l a s s i f ic a t i o n . (S ee a p p e n d ix A . ) It w a s not fe a s ib le to c o l l e c t e a rn in g s data b y m a il the f i r s t y e a r ; h o w e v e r , e a rn in g s data f o r d r a ft s m e n and t r a c e r s w ill b e c o l le c t e d b y p e r s o n a l v is i t and p u b lis h e d n ex t y e a r . 7 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and W omen Combined (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y ho ur s and ea rn in gs f o r s e l e c t e d o cc u p a t io n s studied on an a r e a b a s is by indust ry di v is io n, South Bend, Ind. , M a r c h 1965) A v e rage O cc u pa t io n and in du str y d i v is i o n N um ber of workers W eekly earnings * [standard) (standard) W eekly OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -t' 45 40. 0 40. 0 40.0 75.00 92.00 62.50 21 28 113 18 95 4 0. 0 4 0.0 4 0. 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING--------------------NUNMANUFACTURING --------------- 126 4 0 . U 105.00 4 0 .0 115.50 40. 0 9 8.00 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B MANUFACTURING--------------------- 293 88 ■po o c o 7 4.50 75.00 48 ■p> o c 5 2.00 CLERKS, ORDER ----------MANUFACTURING ---- 103 26 9 0.00 87.00 CLERKS, PAYROLL ------MANUFACTURING — NCNMANUF ACTURING 122 107 15 40. 0 4 0.0 40.0 89.50 90.50 8 2.00 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C N um ber of workers 51 75 69.50 81.00 6 7.50 W eekly earn in gs 1 (standard) A verage Num ber O cc u p a t i o n and in du str y d i v is i o n 106 41 40. 0 40. 0 $ 86.50 90.50 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B MANUFACTURING ---------------------NCNMANUF ACTURING--------------- 124 60 64 40. 0 4 0.0 4 0.0 73.00 79.00 67.50 53 25 40. 0 4 0. 0 6 5.00 65.5 0 S ECR ET ARI ES --------------------MANUFACTURING---------NCNMANUF ACTURING — PUBLIC UTIL ITIES 2 361 185 176 23 4 0.0 96.00 40. 0 1 0 8 .5 0 40.0 87.00 4 0. 0 9 6.50 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL MANUFACTURING ----------NCNMANUFACTURING — PUBL IC UT IL IT IES 2- 245 126 119 22 40. 0 4 0.0 40.0 40. 0 77.50 80.50 74.00 86.50 STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR MANUFACTURING -------- 206 124 40. 0 39.5 86.50 91.50 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS---MANUFACTURING ------------NONMANUFACTURING ------ 63 27 36 41.0 40.0 42. 0 73 . 00 84.50 64.00 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 46 25 21 40. 0 40. 0 4 0. 0 74.00 75.00 7 3 . 00 of workers OFFICE OCCUPATIONS CONTINUED 1 Standard ho ur s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k fo r w hi c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e th e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a l a r i e s 2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and oth er pu bl ic u til iti e s. W eekly hours 1 (standard ) KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A MANUFACTURING---------------------- OFFICE BOYS ANC GIRL SMANUFACTURING --------- ^ -f* o o c c BOCKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING---------------------------NCNMANUF ACTURING--------------------- 24 o BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NCNMANUF ACTUR I N G --------------------- OFFICE OCCUPATIONS $ 74.50 O 8 ILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE I --------------------------------- A ve rage O cc u p a t io n and ind ust ry di v is i o n - W eekly hours 1 (standardl W eekly earnings 1 (standard) CONTINUED TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 45 26 $ 4 0.0 116.00 40. 0 l 1 6 . 0 0 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------- 63 27 40. 0 103.50 40. 0 105.00 T ABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS C ------------------------------------------------------- 20 40. 0 77.50 TRANSCRIB ING-MACHINE OPERATORS, GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------- 59 21 40. 0 40.0 6 7 . 0C 73.50 TYPISTS, CLASS A -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 93 73 20 40.0 40. 0 39. 0 85.00 88.50 7 4. 00 TYPISTS, CLASS B -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBL IC UT IL I T I E S 1 2---------------------------- 2 76 54 222 17 39.5 40. 0 39.5 40. 0 6 3 . 00 67.00 6 2.50 71.50 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (R E G IS T E R E D ) -----MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------- and the e a rn in gs c o r r e s p o n d to th es e w e e k l y ho ur s. 18 17 40. 0 105.50 40. 0 1 05 .5 0 8 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations ( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d o n a n a r e a b a s i s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , S o u th B e n d , I n d ., M a r c h 1 965) r M ean1 23 Median 2 Middle range 2 U nder $ $ 2 .9 8 - 3.4 8 2 . 9 9 - 3.4 8 3 .3 0 3 .3 1 3 .3 7 3.37 3 .1 4 3 .1 5 - 3 .5 5 3.5 5 2C 20 3.5U 3 .5 0 3.54 3.54 3 .5 1 3 .5 1 - 3 .5 8 3.5 8 ~ FIREMEN, STATIUNARY BOILER MANUFACTURING--------------------- 42 35 3 .1 2 3.14 3.24 3 .2 2 2 .9 9 2 .9 9 - 3.4 4 3 .4 3 3 1 MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE -----MANUFACTURING--------------------- 40 40 3 .1 0 3.10 3 .0 6 3 .0 6 3 .0 2 3 .0 2 - 3.2 5 3 .2 5 _ MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) -------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONh ANUFACTURING --------------PUBL IC UT IL IT IES3----------- 147 39 108 103 3 .1 9 3 .1 6 3 .2 0 3 .2 1 3.41 3 .2 6 3 .4 1 3.4 2 2 .8 6 - 3.45 2 . 7 7 - 3.4 5 2 .8 9 - 3 .4 6 3 . 2 9 - 3 .4 6 - MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE -------MANUFACTURING --------------------- 125 125 3 .1 4 3 .1 4 3.22 3 .2 2 3 .0 2 3 .0 2 - 3.2 8 3 .2 8 2 2 MILLWRIGHTS -------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------- 152 152 3.2 5 3 .2 9 3 .3 5 3.3 5 3 .0 9 3 .0 9 - 3 .4 5 3 .4 5 _ OILERS ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------- 31 31 2.9 2 2 .9 2 2 . 79 2 .7 9 2 .7 5 - 2 .8 9 2 .7 5 - 2 .8 9 - PAINTERS, MAINTENANCE ---------MANUFACTURING --------------------- 22 22 3 .4 0 3 .40 3.3 6 3.3 6 3 .3 2 - 3.45 3 . 3 2 - 3.4 5 TOOL ANC DIE MAKERS-------------MANUFACTURING --------------------- 1 o9 169 3.5 1 3 .5 1 3.55 3.55 3 .3 4 3 .3 4 - ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE — MANUFACTURING --------------------- 155 156 engineers, s t a t i u n a r y ----------MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 1 2 3 $ 3 .28 3.2 b $ 3 .7 4 3.7 4 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , F o r d e f in it io n o f t e r m s , se e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . 2. 9 C 3 .0 0 2 .70 2. 80 2 . 9 C S S * 3.1 0 3.20 $ $ $ 3. 30 3. 40 3 . 5 0 $ S $ 3. 70 3. 80 3 . 9 0 S 3 .6 0 3.7 0 3 . 80 3 . 9 0 4 .1 0 1 4 4 S 1 - ~ ~ - _ _ _ _ 6 6 h o lid a y s , 3 3 1 1 2 2 21 21 16 16 17 17 - _ “ ~ 74 74 - _ _ - 17 17 - _ * - 17 12 - - _ _ _ “ ~ 4 4 _ _ . - - - 1 1 1 l 1 1 _ * 4 4 4 4 6 6 - 21 21 - ~ 6 6 2 2 3 2 1 1 7 5 2 2 16 9 9 11 11 57 57 _ - 36 36 9 9 24 24 1 l - 6 6 14 14 - _ - - - 5 5 - 19 19 30 30 9 9 32 32 3 3 64 64 - “ 3 3 - 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 3 3 - - - ~ - 5 - - 6 6 _ 20 20 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 - 5 5 _ - 17 17 8 8 - _ _ _ and la te “ _ 3 3 _ - 18 18 2 2 _ 15 15 2 2 - _ - 5 5 ~ _ 3. 50 3 . 6 0 3 3 _ 25 2 23 23 3 . 30 3 . 4 0 6 5 _ 5 “ _ 3. 00 3 . 10 3 . 2 0 - - _ O S o $ 2 .8 0 and 2 . 5 0 und er 3 .4 2 3.4 2 36 34 % 2.70 $ 2.60 C ARPEN TERS, MAINTENANCE------MANUFACTURING --------------------- $ 2 .60 1 O cc up a t io n and in dus tr y di v is i o n $ 2.50 o o N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— Hourly earnings 1 _ s h ift s . 1 1 4 4 _ _ - - _ - - - 3 3 _ _ 5 5 6 6 _ _ - - 16 16 78 17 61 61 _ _ - - _ _ " “ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ ~ ~ _ _ _ - - - “ * _ - - 10 10 2 2 _ 75 75 - - _ - - * - 3 3 _ - _ - 3 3 - _ - _ _ ~ - _ - - - “ - _ _ _ _ _ “ _ 9 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations ( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d o n an a r e a b a s i s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , S o u th B e n d , In d . , M a r c h 1 9 6 5 ) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e ho ur ly ea rni ngs of — Hourly earnings2 O cc up a t io n and in du str y di v is i o n Number of workers Mean3 M edian3 Middle range3 $ $ * * * £ $ $ $ $ $ $ U nder 1 . 2 0 1 . 3 0 1 . 4 0 1 . 5 0 1 . 6 0 1 . 7 0 1 . 8 0 1 . 9 0 2. 00 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 * and 1 .2 0 unde r 1.30 1.4 0 1 .5 0 1.6 0 1.70 1 .80 1 .9 0 2.0 0 GUARDS AND WATCHMEN-----------------------------MANUFACTURING------------------------------------ 178 168 $ 2 •66 2.72 $ 2.7 4 2 .7 9 $ $ 2 . 5 7 - 2 .9 6 2 .6 0 - 2 .9 7 _ 4 3 3 _ _ - 1 2 1 7 4 GUARDS: MANUFACTURING------------------------------------ 2.92 2 .6 6 - - - - - - 2.9 8 $ 2.3 0 $ 2.4 0 * 2 .5 0 $ 2.60 $ 2 .7 0 * 2 .8 0 $ % 2.90 3 .00 3.20 $ 3.40 $ 3 .60 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2.1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2.4 0 2 .5 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 1 - 6 6 3 3 _ 24 24 34 34 11 11 _ 62 62 20 20 _ _ _ - - - 19 25 11 - 62 20 - - 138 2 .81 WATCHMEN: MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 30 2.2 8 2.38 2 .1 5 - 2 .6 3 - - 3 - - - - - - - 6 3 JANITCRS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS — MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING------------------------------ 344 233 111 2. 18 2 .4 0 1 .7 3 2 .3 2 2.53 1.7 5 1 .8 4 2 .2 2 1 .4 4 - 2 .6 4 2.72 2 .0 7 9 - 11 - 3 - 13 - 6 - 11 3 13 6 23 13 10 27 14 13 13 8 5 23 16 7 17 5 12 7 9 11 2 9 3 4 40 36 4 LABORERS, MATERIAL hANOL I N G ------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTIL ITIES 4-------------------------- 34 5 230 115 43 2 .7 3 2 .7 0 2.7 5 3 .2 8 2 .6 7 2.65 2 .8 0 3 .3 3 2 .4 8 - 2.93 2 .5 3 - 2 .7 4 2 .3 7 - 3.29 3 .2 7 - 3 .3 6 - - - - - - - - 1 1 - 4 4 - 7 7 - 15 11 4 39 - 1 1 - - - - ORDER FILLERS ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 308 157 151 2.76 2.9 4 2 .5 8 2 .7 8 2 . 78 2 .7 7 2 .7 1 - 2 .8 7 2 . 7 1 - 3.4 2 2 .7 0 - 2 .8 4 - - - - - - - 36 - - - - - - - 1 1 36 - PACKERS, SHIPPING ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 196 1 71 2 .6 2 2.60 2.72 2.66 2 .5 3 2 .2 9 - 2 .8 3 2 .8 2 - - - “ 2 2 - - 3 3 I WOMEN ) ----------------- 30 2 .1 3 1.90 1 .8 5 - 2 .2 9 - - - RECEIVING CLERKS -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 83 59 24 2.6 5 2 .73 2.4 3 2 .7 8 2 .9 0 2 .5 3 2 .5 2 - 2 .9 4 2 .6 2 - 2 .9 5 2 .2 1 - 2.73 - - - - SHIPPING CLERKS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 30 22 2 .5 9 2.6 3 2 .8 0 2 .8 0 2 .1 0 - 2 .9 6 2 . 2 6 - 2 .9 7 T RUCK DR IVERS 5 ------------------------------------------MANUFACTUR I N G -----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBL IC UT IL IT IES4-------------------------- 406 97 305 175 2.9 4 2 .6 7 3.0 3 3.2 9 2 .8 9 2 .7 6 3.31 3.3 5 2 .7 7 - 3.34 2 .6 2 - 2 .8 5 2 . 8 3 - 3 .3 5 3 .3 2 - 3.37 - TRUCKDRIVfcRS, LIGHT (UNDER 1 - 1 / 2 TONS) ----------------------------------------- 28 2 .6 6 2 .5 0 2 .4 4 - 3.19 - - TRUCKCRIVERS, MEDIUM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TO AND INCLUDING 4 IONS) ------------------MANUFACTUR I N G -----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 142 34 106 2 .7 3 2 .5 9 2 . 77 2 .8 1 2 .7 2 2 .6 4 2 .7 2 - 2.8 7 2 .5 5 - 2 .7 6 2 . 7 8 - 2 .8 8 _ - _ - PACKERS, SHIPPING TRUCKDR IVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TUNS TRAILER TYPE) -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING-----------------------------------truckers, power ( f u r k l i f t ) --------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 47 20 231 216 2 .6 4 2 .3 7 2 . 76 2.3 3 2 .3 5 - 2 .8 7 2 . 1 4 - 2 .5 5 2 .7 7 2 .7 6 2 .b l 2 .8 0 2 .6 2 - 2.87 2 .6 1 - 2 .8 6 2 ~ - 4 - 2 2 - - - - - - 116 - - - - - - - - ~ _ - - - - - 6 4 - ' ' _ - - - - - - 2 3 - 3 2 2 _ _ _ _ ~ - ~ - _ " _ - _ “ _ - 6 6 - - - - - - - - 9 9 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - ~ ~ " 80 75 5 24 24 - 21 21 - 92 92 - 43 23 20 11 11 - 9 - - 4 35 - 9 6 43 43 31 31 - - _ _ 34 34 75 19 5 - _ - - - 49 49 - ~ " 108 54 54 56 5 “ - - 38 38 35 26 64 49 3 1 _ _ - * o 43 - - - ~ - 8 8 3 - - ~ 8 - - - 4 1 - - 1 - - - - 4 5 _ 31 - _ - - 2 - - - - 5 a - 30 4 - 5 5 8 - 12 6 8 - 4 4 _ - - 3 _ _ 3 ~ 7 7 2 2 - - 9 6 1 - - - 3 3 _ 3 _ - 3 - _ _ _ 24 24 - - 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 12 ~ 12 6 6 _ 6 6 12 - 6 1 4 _ _ ~ 4 - - 9 _ - 9 8 1 1 57 31 26 5 96 25 71 3 - - ~ _ - - 2U ° _ _ 20 and late shifts. - _ - 3 3 9 47 4 7 - 2 - 5 5 5 “ - 40 40 8 4 Data li m ite d to m e n w o r k e r s e xce pt w he re o t h e rw i se indicated. E x cl u de s p r e m i u m pay fo r o v e r t i m e and fo r w ork on w e e k e n d s, ho lid a y s, F o r def inition o f t e r m s , see footnote 2, table A - l . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and other pu blic ut ilities. Includes all d r i v e r s r e g a r d l e s s of si ze and type o f tru ck o pe ra te d . 2 - 1 29 29 5 - 7 6 34 20 61 l l<t 61 2 2 12 10 - 13 3 9b 83 23 6 17 _ 5 165 1 164 164 4 6 _ 12 ~ 12 5 5 - - 7 23 23 2 2 2 23 23 1 1 _ _ ~ - - - _ - _ ~ _ _ - ~ Appendix A. Changes in Occupational Descriptions Since the Bureau’s last survey, occupational descriptions for draftsman and switchboard operator were revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific categories. Draftsman. The revised descriptions for draftsman (class A, B, and C; and draftsman-tracer) replace the previous designations for drafts man (leader, senior, and junior; and tracer) and emphasize the distinction between drafting and design skills. Therefore, if data are presented for any of these occupations, such data are not comparable to data previously published. In areas where current employment and earnings information was collected largely by mail this year and will be collected by a personal visit by Bureau field economists next year, data for these occupations will be presented next year. Switchboard operator. The revised description for switchboard operator arranges these workers into two defined classes (A and B) instead of a single category, clarifying the criteria of types of calls handled and types of information provided. The combination of class A and class B data, where both are published, is comparable to the single designation, if previously published. The revised occupational descriptions are included in appendix B. 10 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A. Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e t c ., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The oper ation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers' ledger record. The ma chine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment's busi ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary 11 12 CLERK, ACCOUNTING—Continued ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several woikers. CLERK, FILE Class A. In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C . Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi fication system ( e . g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER—Continue d to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, followup orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessarydata on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR CLERK, ORDER Receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following; Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items, Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application 13 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR—Continued STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates On the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also setup and maintain files, keep records, etc. Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, e t c ., are referred to supervisor. OR OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accu racy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, e tc .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SECRETARY SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. Class A. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Per forms full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-time assignment. ("Full** telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e. g . , because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which extensions are appropriate for c alls.) STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) Class B. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform limited telephone information service. ("Limited" telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily under standable for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e . g . , giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls are referred to another operator.) 14 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR—Continued specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a woik unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical account ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced oper ator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The woik typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro cedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e t c ., with Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcrib ing - m a chine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A. Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu ation, e t c ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B. Performs one or more of the following! Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e tc .; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 15 PR O FESSIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L D RAFTSMAN—Continue d DRAFTSMAN Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen. Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities, strengths, stresses, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy. Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. MAINTENANCE Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked during progress. DRAFTSMAN-TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.) and/or Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items. is closely supervised during progress. Work NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse»who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following; Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE—Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenters handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 16 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES—Continued Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electricians handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. a woricer supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding m a terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex cluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci fications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of woik, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 17 MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) OILER Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of' an es tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwrights work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following; Knowledge of surface peculi arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines;. assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 18 TOOL AND DIE MAKER—Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metalwoxking machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die m akers handtools and precision measuring instru ments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of woik, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabri cation as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming woik. Work inCUSTODIAL AND For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MATERIAL MO VE ME N T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER—Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apart ment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting ma terials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. 19 ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con tainer employed, and method of shipment. Woik requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following; Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study puiposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer diould be rated on die basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Tmckdriver, light (under 1V2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (lVz to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Tmckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK TRUCKER, POWER Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves; Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Tmcker, power (other than forklift) For wage study purposes, woikers are classified as follows: WATCHMAN Receiving clerk Shipping cleik Shipping and receiving clerk Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request-----The fifth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1422, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech* nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1964. 40 cents a copy. Occupational Wajjc Surveys A lis t of the latest available bulletins is presen ted below . A d ir e c to ry indicating dates of e a r lie r studies, and the p r ic e s of the bulletins is available on request. Bulletins may be pu rchased fr o m the Superintendent of D ocum ents, U.S. Governm ent Printing O ffice, Washington, D .C ., 20402, or fr o m any of the BLS region al sa les o ffic e s shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number and p rice Akron, Ohio, June 19641_________________________ Albany— Schenectady—Troy, N.Y., Apr. 1965______ __ Albuquerque, N. Mex., Apr. 1964 1______ —________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N .J., Feb. 1965_— Atlanta, Ga., May 19641 _________________________ Baltimore, Md., Nov. 1964 1 __________________ ___ Beaumont—Port Arthur, Tex., May 1964 1._______ __ Birmingham, Ala., Apr. 1964 1_________________ __ Boise City, Idaho, July 19641 ____________________ Boston, Mass., Oct. 1964 1 ________________-______ 1385-80, 1430-52, 1385-61, 1430-48, 1385-73, 1430-27, 1385-70, 1385-63, 1430-1, 1430-16, 25 25 25 20 25 30 25 25 25 30 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N .Y ., D ec. 1964 1____________________ Burlington, V t., M ar. 1965 1___ ___ __________ Canton, Ohio, Apr. 1964 1_______ C harleston, W. V a ., Apr. 1964 1 Charlotte, N .C ., Apr. 1964 1 ____ Chattanooga, T en n .-C a ., Sept. 19641 C hicago, 111., Apr. 19641 - 1 ___________________________ Cincinnati, O h io -K y ., M ar. 1964 ' .. Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 19641 _____________________ _____ Colum bus, Ohio, Oct. 1964 1 ___________ ________________ 1430-36, 1430-51, 1385-64, 1385-57, 1385-55, 1430-10, 1385-66, 1385-58, 1430-13, 1430-18, 30 25 25 25 25 25 30 25 30 30 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents D allas, T ex ., Nov. 19 641 _____________________ D avenport—R ock Island—M olin e, Io w a Ill., Oct. 1964 1. Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1965. D enver, C olo., D ec. 1964... Des M oines, Iowa, Feb. 1965__. D etroit, M ich ., Jan. 1965 1_______ F o rt W orth, T ex ., Nov. 1964 1_____ G reen Bay, W is., Aug. 19 641 G reen ville, S .C ., May 1964 1 _________— Houston, T ex ., June 1964 1 ...____________ _________ 1430-25, 30 cents 1430-20, 1430-31, 1430-32, 1430-47, 1430-43, 1430-24, 1430-3, 1385-68, 1385-81, 25 25 25 20 30 30 25 25 25 Indianapolis, Ind., D ec. 1964— — . _______________ Jackson, M iss ., Feb. 1965_____________________ — . J a ck son ville, F la ., Jan. 1965 1___________________ Kansas City, M o .-K a n s ., Nov. 1964.______-_____ L aw rence—H averhill, M a ss.—N .H ., June 1964 1 —. Little R ock—North Little R ock, A rk., Aug. 19641 Los A n geles—Long Beach, C a lif., Mar. 19641 — . L ou isv ille, K y.—Ind., Feb. 1965 1. Lubbock, T ex ., June 1964 1 _____________________ M anchester, N .H ., Aug. 1964 1 _______ ____ ____ M em ph is, T en n ., Jan. 1965______ ___ _________ 1430-30, 1430-44, 1430-38, 1430-26, 1385-76, 1430-7, 1385-59, 1430-42, 1385-75, 1430-4, 1430-40, 25 20 25 25 25 25 30 25 25 25 25 l Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Area Miami, Fla., Dec. 1964-— Milwaukee, Wis., Apr. 1964—__ Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1965 1-------Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich., May 1964 1 Newark and Jersey City, N .J., Feb. 1965——__ New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1965-_————_______ New Orleans, La., Feb. 1965 1______ -___ -___ New York, N.Y., Apr. 19641________________ Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va., June 1964———____ —____ __ Oklahoma City, Okla., Aug. 1964 1 ——--------- — Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa, Oct. 1964——___—__ ____ Pater son—Clifton—Passaic, N.J., May 1964 1 — Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J., Nov. 1964 1__________ Phoenix, Ariz., Mar. 1964 1— — ——— . Pittsburgh, Pa«, Jan. 1965l — Portland, Maine, Nov. 1964— ———— — _— Portland, Or eg.—Wash., May 1964 1—_____ __ Providence—Pawtucket, R.I.—Mass., May 1964Raleigh, N. C., Sept. 1964—__ — ___ — _— Richmond, Va., Nov. 1964. Bulletin number and p rice 1430-29, 1385-56, 1430-39, 1385-71, 1430-45, 1430-34, 1430-53, 1385-72, 25 25 30 25 25 25 30 40 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1385-77, 20 cents 1430-5, 25 cents 1430-17, 1385-62, 1430-28, 1385-54, 1430-41, 1430-21, 1385-67, 1385-65, 1430-6, 1430-19, 25 25 35 25 30 25 25 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1385-60, 1430-22, 1430-33, 1385-74, 25 30 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents R ock ford, 111., Apr. 19 641 St. L ou is, M o.—111., Oct. 1964 1 -__— — Salt Lake City, Utah, D ec. 1964 1 San Antonio, T ex ., June 1964— ,*.. San Bernardino—Riverside-'-O ntario, C alif Sept. 1964, San D iego, C alif., Sept. 1964 1— — —, San F rancisco^O akland, C alif., Jan. 1965 l . Savannah, G a., May 1964 l — —— — — . Scranton, P a ., Aug. 1964-____ — — — ____ Seattle, W ash., Sept. 1964— — — — ___-____ 1430-8, 20 cents 1430-12, 25 cents 1430-37, 25 cents 1385-69, 25 cents 20 cents 1430-2, 1430-9, 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux F a lls, S. Dak., Oct. 1964-__________ South Bend, Ind., M ar. 1965___-__ — — ___ Spokane, W ash., May 1964—_______________ T oled o, Ohio, F eb. 19 65 *_________________ Trenton, N .J., D ec. 1964*. Washington, D .C .—M d.—V a ., Oct. 1964*-___ W aterbury, Conn., M ar. 1965_______________ W aterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1964 1___________ - ____ W ichita, K an s., Sept. 1964 1 -________ —_____ W o r ce s te r , M ass., June 1964 1 —____-___ -__ Y ork, P a., F eb. 1965________________________ 1430-15, 1430-54, 1385-78, 1430-50, 1430-35, 1430-14, 1430-49, 1430-23, 1430-11, 1385-79, 1430-46, 20 20 20 25 25 30 20 25 25 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents