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Occupational Wage Survey SOUTH BEND, INDIANA MARCH 1962 B u lle tin No. 1 3 0 3 - 5 2 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey SOUTH BEND, INDIANA M ARCH 1962 B u lle tin N o. 1303*5 2 May 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S E w a n C la g u e , C o m m issio n e r For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Preface Contents Page The L abor M arket Occupational Wage Survey P rog ra m Wage trends fo r selected occupational groups _________________________ The B ureau o f L abor Statistics annually conducts occu pation al wage su rveys in 82 labor m arkets. The studies p rov id e data on occupational earnings and related supplem entary b en efits. A p relim in a ry report furnishing trend data and average earnings is re le a se d within a month o f the com p letion of each study. This bulletin p rovid es additional data not included in the p relim in a ry rep ort. 4 T ables: 1. 2. E stablishm ents and w ork ers within scope o f su rvey ____________ P e rce n ts of in cre a se in standard w eekly sa la ries and stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected 3 Two b u lletin s, bringing together the resu lts of all of the a rea su rv e y s, are issued after com pletion o f the final area bulletin in the current round o f su rveys. The fir s t of these bulletins w ill be available late in 1962 and the other e a r ly in 1963. During the survey year, sum m ary r e le a s e s p resen tin g areaw ide occupational earnings data fo r 25 to 30 la b or m a rk ets, are issued as data b ecom e available. A : O ccupational earn in gs:* A - 1. O ffice occu pation s— en and wom en ______________________ m A - 2. P r o fe ssio n a l and tech n ical occupations— en m and w om en ________________________________________________ A -3 . O ffice, p ro fe ssion a l, and tech n ical occupations— en and w om en com bined __________________ m A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations _________________ A - 5. Custodial and m aterial m ovem ent occupations ___________ 8 9 10 This bulletin was p repared in the B ureau's r e gional o ffic e in C hicago, 111., by M ary Stokes, under the d irection o f E lliott A. B row ar. The study was under the gen eral d ire ctio n o f W oodrow C. Linn, A ssistant R egional D ire cto r fo r W ages and Industrial Relations. B: E stablishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary wage p rov ision s:* B - l . Shift d ifferen tials __________________________________________ B -2 . M inimum entrance sa la ries fo r wom en o ffice w ork ers __ B -3 . Scheduled w eekly hours ____________________________________ B -4 . P aid holidays ______________________________________________ B -5 . P aid vacations _____________________________________________ B -6 . Health, in su ran ce, and pension plans ____________________ 11 12 13 14 15 17 5 7 Appendixe s : A. Changes in occupational d escrip tion s ____________________________ B. O ccupational d escrip tion s ________________________________________ * NOTE: S im ilar tabulations are available in previous a rea rep orts fo r South Bend and fo r other m ajor areas. A d ir e c to r y indicating the area s, dates o f study, and p rice s o f these re p o rts is available upon request. Union s ca le s , indicative of prevailin g pay lev els, are a lso available for seven selected building trades in the South Bend area. iii 19 21 Occupational Wage Survey—South Bend, Ind. Introduction to the work schedules (rounded to the n earest half hour) fo r which straight-tim e sa la ries are paid; average w eekly earnings fo r these occupations have been rounded to the n ea rest half d olla r. This a rea is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U .S. D e partm ent o f L a b o r 's Bureau o f L abor Statistics has conducted su r veys o f occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an a re a wide b a s is . In this a rea , data were obtained by personal visits o f B ureau fie ld e con om ists to representative establishm ents within six broad industry d iv ision s: Manufacturing; transportation, com m un ica tion, and other public u tilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, in su ran ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor industry groups exclu ded fr o m these studies are government operations and the co n stru ction and extra ctive industries. Establishm ents having few er than a p r e s c r ib e d num ber o f w ork ers are om itted also because they tend to furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w arrant in clu sion . Separate tabulations are provided fo r each o f the broad industry division s which m eet publication c r it e r ia . A verage earnings of men and wom en are presented separately fo r se le cte d occupations in which both sexes are com m only em ployed. D ifferen ces in pay le v els o f m en and wom en in these occupations are la rg e ly due to ( l ) d ifferen ces in the distribution o f the sexes among industries and establishm ents; (2) d ifferen ces in sp e cific duties p e r fo rm ed , although the occupations are appropriately cla ss ifie d within the sam e survey jo b d escrip tion ; and (3) d ifferen ces in length o f s e r v ice o r m e rit review when individual sa la ries are adjusted on this b a s is . L onger average se r v ic e o f m en would resu lt in higher average pay when both sexes are em ployed within the same rate range. Job d escrip tion s used in cla ssify in g em p loyees in these surveys are usu ally m ore gen era lized than those used in individual establishm ents to allow fo r m inor d ifferen ces among establishm ents in sp ecific duties pe rfo rm e d . T hese su rv e , conducted on a sam ple b asis because o f the u n n ecessa ry c o s t involved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain optim um a ccu ra cy at m inimum co s t, a greater proportion o f large than o f sm a ll establishm ents is studied. In com bining the data, how e v e r, all establishm ents are given their appropriate weight. E stim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presented, th e re fo re , as r e lating to all establishm ents in the industry grouping and a rea , e x cep t fo r those below the minimum size studied. O ccupational em ploym ent estim ates rep resen t the total in ail establishm ents within the scop e o f the study and not the number actu ally su rveyed. B ecause o f d ifferen ces in occupational structure among establish m en ts, the estim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained fr o m the sam ple o f establishm ents studied serve only to indicate the relative im portance o f the job s studied. These d ifferen ces in o c c u pational structure do not m aterially affect the accu ra cy of the ea rn ings data. O ccupations and Earnings The occupations selected fo r study are com m on to a variety o f m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational c la s sifica tion is b a sed on a uniform set of job d escrip tion s designed to take account o f interestablishm ent variation in duties within the same jo b . (See appendix fo r listing o f these d e sc r ip tio n s.) Earnings data are presen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tables) fo r the follow ing types o f o c c u pations: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) profession al and technical; (c) m ainte nance and pow er plant; and (d) custodial and m aterial m ovem ent. Establishm ent P r a c tice s and Supplementary Wage P rovision s Inform ation is presented (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on selected establishm ent p ra ctices and supplem entary benefits as they relate to o ffic e and plant w o rk e rs. The con cep t "o ffice w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin, includes working su p erv isors and nonsupervisory w ork ers p erform in g c le r ic a l o r related functions, and excludes admin istra tiv e , execu tive, and p rofession a l p erson nel. "Plant w ork ers" in clude working forem en and all n on su p ervisory w ork ers (including lead m en and train ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A dm inistrative, execu tive, and p rofession a l em p loy ees, and fo rce -a cco u n t construction em p loyees who are u tilized as a separate work fo r c e are excluded. C a feteria w ork ers and routem en are excluded in manufacturing indus tr ie s , but are included as plant w ork ers in nonmanufacturing industries. O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown fo r fu ll-tim e w o rk e rs , i . e . , those hired to work a regu lar weekly sch ed ule in the given occupational cla ss ifica tion . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, h olidays, and late s h ifts . Nonproduction bonuses are excluded a lso , but c o s t - o f living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are re p orted , as fo r o ffice c le r ic a l occu pation s, re fe re n ce is 1 2 Shift d ifferen tial data (table B - 1) are lim ited to manufacturing in d u stries. This inform ation is presen ted both in term s of (a) estab lishm ent p o lic y ,1 p resen ted in term s o f total plant w ork er em p loy ment, and (b) effectiv e p ra ctice , presented in term s o f w ork ers actually em ployed on the s p e cifie d shift at the time o f the su rvey. In establishm ents having v a ried d ifferen tia ls, the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r , if no amount applied to a m a jority , the c la s sification "o th e r" was used. In establishm ents in which som e la te shift hours are paid at n orm al ra tes, a differen tial was re co rd e d only if it applied to a m a jo rity o f the shift h ou rs. Minimum entrance sa la rie s (table B -2 ) relate only to the establishm ents v isite d . They are presen ted in term s o f esta b lish ments with form a l m inim um sa la ry p o lic ie s . The scheduled hours (table B -3 ) o f a m a jority o f the fi r s t shift w ork ers in an establishm ent are tabulated as applying to all o f the plant o r o ffice w ork ers o f that establishm ent. P aid holidays; paid vacations; and health, in su ran ce, and pension plans (tables B -4 through B -6 ) are treated sta tistica lly on the b a sis that these are applicable to all plant o r o ffic e w ork ers if a m a jority o f such w ork ers are e li gible o r m ay eventually qualify fo r the p ra ctice s listed . Sums o f individual item s in tables B -3 through B -6 m ay not equal totals b e cause o f rounding. The fir s t part o f the paid holidays table (table B -4 ) presents the num ber o f whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part com bin es whole and h alf holidays to show total holiday tim e . The sum m ary o f vacation plans (table B -5 ) is lim ited to f o r m al p o lic ie s , excluding in form a l arrangem ents w hereby time o ff with pay is granted at the d iscre tio n o f the e m p lo y e r. Separate estim ates are provided a ccord in g to em p loyer p ra ctice in computing vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, p ercen t o f annual earnings, o r fla t-su m amounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations o f vacation pay, pay ments not on a tim e b a sis w ere so con verted; fo r exam ple, a payment o f 2 p ercen t o f annual earnings was co n sid e re d as the equivalent o f 1 w eek 's pay. Data are presented fo r all health, in su ran ce, and pension plans (table B -6 ) fo r which at least a part o f the co st is born e by the e m p lo y e r, excepting only legal requirem ents such as w ork m en's com p en sation, s o c ia l security, and railroad retirem en t. Such plans include those underwritten by a co m m ercia l insurance com pany and those p r o vided through a union fund o r paid d ir e c tly by the em p loyer out o f current operating funds o r from a fund set asid e fo r this pu rp ose. Death benefits are included as a fo rm o f life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type o f in surance under which predeterm ined cash payments are made d ire ctly to the insured on a weekly o r monthly ba sis during illn ess o r acciden t d isability. Information is presented fo r a ll such plans to which the em p loyer contributes. However, in New Y ork and New J ersey , which have enacted tem porary disability in su ran ce laws which requ ire e m p lo y e r con tribu tion s,2 plans are included only if the em p loyer (1) co n tributes m o re than is leg a lly required, o r (2) p rovid es the em ployee with benefits which exceed the requirem ents o f the law. Tabulation? o f paid sick -le a v e plans are lim ited to fo rm a l plans 3 which p rovid e full pay o r a proportion o f the w o rk e r's pay during absen ce fro m work becau se o f illn ess. Separate tabulations are p resen ted accord in g to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting p eriod , and (2) plans which p rovid e either partial pay o r a waiting p eriod . In addition to the presentation o f the proportions o f w ork ers who are p rovid ed sick n ess and acciden t insurance o r paid sick lea ve, an unduplicated total is shown o f w ork ers who rece iv e either o r both types o f ben efits. Catastrophe insurance, som etim es r e fe r r e d to as extended m ed ica l insurance, includes those plans which are designed to p rotect em ployees in case o f sickness and in ju ry involving expenses beyond the n orm al coverage o f hospitalization, m ed ica l, and su rg ica l plans. M ed ical insurance r e fe rs to plans p rovidin g fo r com p lete o r p artial payment o f d o c to r s ' fe e s. Such plans m ay be underw ritten by c o m m e r cia l insurance companies o r nonprofit organizations o r they m ay be s e lf-in su re d . Tabulations o f retirem en t pen sion plans are lim ited to those plans that provide monthly paym ents fo r the rem ainder o f the w o r k e r 's life . 2 The tem porary disability laws in C alifornia and Rhode Island do not requ ire em ployer' contributions. 3 An establishm ent was con sid ered as having a form a l plan if it established at least the minimum num ber of days o f sick leave that 1 An establishm ent was co n sid e re d as having a p olicy if it m et could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan need not be written, either o f the follow in g conditions: (1) O perated late shifts at the time but in form al sick -le a v e allow ances, determ ined on an individual b a sis, o f the su rvey, o r (2) had fo rm a l provision s co v erin g late sh ifts. w ere excluded. 3 T a b le 1. E sta b lish m en ts and w o rk e rs w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y and num ber stu died in South Bend, Ind., W ithin scop e of study 3 ___________________________________________________ 50 145 M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g ____________ ____ ________ __________________ T r a n s p o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u t i l i t i e s 5 ______ __ _ __ -----W h o le s a le tra d e _____ i r , R e ta il tra d e ........ . , ,, M __ F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e _____________________ S e r v ic e s 7 ---------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 A ll d iv is io n s W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m en ts N um ber o f esta b lis h m e n ts M in im u m em p lo ym e n t in e s t a b lis h m ents in s c o p e o f study In d u stry d iv is io n b y m a jo r in d u stry d iv is io n , 2 M a r c h 1962 W ithin s c o p e o f study Studied Studied T o ta l 4 O ffic e Plant 82 41, 700 6 , 900 2 7 ,7 0 0 36,6 3 0 58 87 36 46 3 1 ,2 0 0 1 0 ,5 0 0 4, 100 2 , 800 22, 300 5, 400 29 , 160 22 16 15 27 6 11 8 5 15 8 2 ,8 0 0 1 , 100 3 ,2 0 0 2 , 300 1 , 100 400 (‘ ) (‘ ) 0 (6 ) 1, 400 (*) 0 (*) (6) T o ta l4 7, 470 2 ,4 3 0 450 1,960 2 , 000 630 1 T h e South B end S tandard M e tro p o lita n S ta tistica l A r e a c o n s is t s o f St. J o s e p h County. The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f study" es tim a te s show n in this table p ro v id e a r e a son a b ly a ccu ra te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e includ ed in the su r v e y . The e s tim a te s a re not intended, h o w e v e r, to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith oth er a re a em ploym ent in d ex es to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r le v e ls sin ce (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f e sta b lish m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d studied, and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the su rvey. 2 T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d itio n o f the Standard Industrial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u s e d in c la s s ify in g es ta b lis h m e n ts b y in du stry d iv isio n . M a jo r changes f r o m the e a r lie r ed ition (used in the B u re a u 's la b o r m a r k e t w age s u r v e y s con du cted p r io r to July 1958) a re the t r a n s fe r o f m ilk p a s te u r iz a tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d c o n c r e te esta b lis h m e n ts fr o m tra d e (w h olesale o r reta il) to m a n u fa ctu rin g , and the t r a n s fe r o f ra d io and t e le v is io n b r o a d ca s tin g f r o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n s p o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the a re a ) o f co m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s trie s as tra d e, fin a n ce, auto r ep a ir s e r v ic e , and m o t io n -p ic t u r e th e a te r s are c o n s id e r e d as 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 In clu d e s e x e c u t iv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and o th er w o r k e r s exclu d ed f r o m the se p a ra te o ffic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid e n ta l to w ater tra n sp o rta tio n w e r e ex clu d e d . 6 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g" in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s . S eparate p r e s e n ta tio n o f data fo r this d iv isio n is not m ade f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m ploym en t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p ro v id e enough data to m e r it se p a ra te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequate to p e r m it se p a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e re is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in divid u al es ta b lis h m en t data. 7 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; au tom obile r e p a ir s h o p s ; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ; and e n g in eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . T a b le 2. P e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e in stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l gro u p s in South B end, Ind., M a r c h 1961 to M a r c h 1962, and A p r il I960 to M a r c h 1961 O ccu p a tio n a l grou p M a r c h 1961 to M a r c h 1962 A p r il 1960 to M a r c h 1961 A ll in d u s tr ie s : O ffic e c le r ic a l (m e n and w om en ) __ --------- ----------In du strial n u rse s (m en and w om en ) _________________ S k ille d m aintenance (m en) ___________________________ U n sk illed plant (m en) ____________ ___ — — - — 2.3 4.7 3.3 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.9 1.8 M anufacturin g: O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w om en ) ____________________ In du strial n u rses (m en and w om en ) _______ ______ S k illed m aintenance (m en) — ___ — ----- ----U n sk ille d plant (m en) _________________________________ 4.1 4.2 3.1 2.2 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.9 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P resented in table 2 are p ercen ts of change in sa la ries o f office c le r ic a l w ork ers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant w orker groups. F or o ffice c le r ic a l w ork ers and industrial nurses, the p e r cents of change relate to average weekly sa la ries fo r n orm al hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule fo r which straight-tim e salaries are paid. F or plant w orker groups, they m easu re changes in straight-tim e hourly earnings, excluding prem ium pay fo r o v e r time and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The p e r centages are based on data fo r selected key occupations and include m ost of the n um erically im portant jo b s within each group. The o f fice c le r ic a l data are based on men and women in the follow ing 19 jo b s: Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B; cle rk s, accounting, c la s s A and B; clerk s, file , c la ss A, B, and C; cle rk s, ord e r; cle rk s, pay roll; Com ptom eter op erators; keypunch op erators, c la ss A and B; office boys and g irls ; s e cre ta rie s ; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard op era tors; tabulating-m achine operators, class B; and typists, cla ss A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on m en and women industrial nurses. Men in the follow ing 8 skilled maintenance job s and 2 unskilled jo b s w ere included in the plant w orker data: Skilled— carpen ters; electricia n s; m achinists; m e chanics; m echanics, autom otive; painters; p ip efitters; and tool and die m akers; unskilled— ja n itors, p o rte rs, and clea n ers; and la b o re rs, m aterial handling. A verage weekly sa la ries or average hourly earnings w ere computed fo r each of the selected occupations. The average sa l a r ie s or hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average em p loy ment in the jo b during the p eriod surveyed in 1961. T hese weighted earnings fo r individual occupations w ere then totaled to obtain an a g gregate fo r each occupational group. Finally, the ratio o f these group aggregates fo r the one year to the aggregate fo r the other y ea r was computed and the differen ce between the resu lt and 100 is the p ercen t of change fro m the one period to the other. The percent of change m easu res, p rin cip ally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) m e r it or other in cre a se s in pay re ce iv e d by individual w ork ers while in the sam e jo b ; and (3) changes in the labor fo r c e such as labor turnover, fo r c e expan sions, fo r c e reductions, and changes in the p rop ortion s of w ork ers em ployed by establishm ents with d ifferen t pay le v e ls. Changes in the labor fo r c e can cause in crea ses or d e cre a s e s in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. F or exam ple, a fo r c e expansion m ight in crea se the proportion of low er paid w ork ers in a sp e cific occupation and result in a drop in the average, w hereas a reduction in the p rop ortion of low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite effect. The m ovem ent of a high-paying establishm ent out o f an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates o ccu rre d in other area establishm ents. The use of constant em ploym ent w eights elim inates the effe cts o f changes in the proportion of w ork ers rep resen ted in each jo b in cluded in the data. Nor are the p ercen ts o f change influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in prem ium pay fo r overtim e, since they a re based on pay fo r straigh t-tim e h ours. The above text rep resen ts the m ethod used in computing a new trend s e rie s . The expansion o f the labor m arket wage survey program in 1961 made data available in 82 areas fo r the computation o f wage trends fo r selected job groupings. Sixty-one a reas w ere surveyed in I960; p r io r to I960, covera ge was lim ited to 20 area s. T h erefore, it was decided to compute a new trend se rie s in which 1961 w ill be the base year since this is the fir s t year in which data w ere colle cte d in a ll 82 areas. The p ercen ts of change shown in table 2 a re not com parable’ with sim ilar data shown fo r this area in la st y e a r 's Bulletin 1285-47. The new se rie s in tro duces changes in the job groupings fo r which trends a re shown and changes in jo b s included in the computations. A: Occupational Earnings 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area b asl. by industry division , South Bend, Ind. , M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— A verage Sex, occu p ation , and industry division Number of workers Weekly, Weekly . hours 1 earnings 1 (Standard) (Standard) $ 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 50.00 55.00 and 45. Q .SiLJQJl Q $ s $ $ 65 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 75.,00 8 0.00 85. 00 9 0 .0 0 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 *120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 and 55.00 6 0 .0 0 65.0 0 70 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 80, 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 over lo .o o Men C le r k s , accou n tin g, c la s s A __ M anufacturing ___:__________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________ 52 28 24 4 0 .0 4 6 .0 4 0 .0 $112.50 i l 6 . 06 108. 50 - 3 3 - - “ - - - - - - 15 5 10 7 2 5 5 4 1 6 1 5 8 4 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 “ - 6 -------------------------- 34 4 0 .0 95. 50 _ - _ _ _ _ 3 3 7 3 _ 3 2 6 3 _ 1 2 _ 1 O ffic e b oys — - .............. M a n u fa c t u r in g ------------ -------- 23 19 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 1.00 62. 50 1 6 6 2 1 1 3 3 2 3 _ * 3 1. 2 2 " " “ “ ” “ “ " “ “ T abu latin g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s A _______ _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ______________ 31 4 0 .0 40. 0 111.00 113.06 _ _ _ _ 2 3 " ~ “ ~ } 5 3 7 4 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 4 4 _ “ 1 1 _ ll 63 34 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 93.00 97. 50 1 1 4 3 9 2 23 15 7 3 4 1 _ 4 4 2 2 3 3 _ _ _ * " _ _ _ _ _ . - C le r k s , o r d e r T abulating -m a ch in e ope r ato r s , c la s s B _________^_____________ _ M anufacturing --------------------- 1 W om en _ _ _ " “ " _ _ _ _ 1 ‘ ' 1 5 2 3 5 , 1 2 ! 2 - 6 6 17 " - - 2 1 1 7 5 2 5 5 4 4 2 5 1 4 2 2 17 16 40 4 36 18 3 15 9 5 4 5 % 2 4 1 3 3 3 - 9 8 - 8 8 3 11 9 1 4 4 3 17 11 5 6 12 9 3 1 - 40. 5 72.00 i B ook keepin g-m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s A ___________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __________ ___ 50 18 32 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0 .0 72. 50 88.00 64.00 - B ook keepin g-m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B ___________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________ 156. 59. 50 5 l l . 56 134 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0 .0 57. 50 5 28 1 27 16 27 1 26 C le r k s , accounting, c la s s A -------N onm anufacturing — ------ — P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 ____________ 61 49 17 4 0 .0 3 9.5 4 0 .0 86.00 83. 50 90.00 - _ _ - _ - - - - “ 2 2 - C le r k s , accounting, c la s s B _____ M a n u fa c t u r in g ----------------- --------N onm anufacturing ------------ ------- 166 60 106 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 65.50 70.50 62. 50 _ 6 6 1 5 44 8 36 43 15 28 20 10 10 C le r k s , file , c la s s A 3 ____________ 18 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 60.00 71756 C le r k s , o r d e r ............................ - ...- 27 4 0 .0 C le r k s , p a y r o ll -M anufacturing ______ .___________ 101 88 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs ----M anufacturing —- ---------------------- 38 37 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 88.00 59756 - 6 84.50 87 22 See footn otes at end o f table. ■ 4 26 C le r k s , f il e , c la s s B 3 ____________ M anufacturing - ■ _________ " ' B ille r s , m achine (b illin g m achine) l i 3 2 ' “ l - - - 3 3 13 1 6 11 3 ‘ ' _ . - 1 1 “ - - - - - - 11 8 “ 9 9 9 2 1 1 4 I _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 3 3 3 _ _ _ _ . _ _ 5 1 5 4 5 5 4 4 ! 2 2 1 1 1 1 _ _ - _ 6 6 10 10 > _ _ _ _ - _ _ 1 _ _ - _ 3 6 19 1 8 7 4 3 2 2 5 5 2 - 31 1 63.00 - 3 1 16 3 - 2 2 77. 50 78. 50 „ 6 4 15 14 10 9 19 18 5 4 6 - 4 1 6 17 14 _ - 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 8 8 6 6 l 1 _ _ " 6 Table A-l. O ffice Occupations—Men and W om en— Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , South Bend, Ind., M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— A verage Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 $ S ? 35.00 and 135.00 o v e r 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 40 Weekly Weekly ! $ . 0,0 *45.00 *50.00 *55.00 *60.00 *65.00 *70.00 *75.00 *80.00 *85.00 and earnings hours (Standard) (Standard) under 90.00 * 95.00 100.00 105.00 n o . oo 115.00 120.00 * 25.00 *130.00 W om en— Continue d D uplicating-m achine o p e ra to rs (M im eograph o r Ditto) -------------------------M anufacturing _ - — ----- — — 27 15 40.0 40.0 Keypunch o p era tors, c la s s A 3 -------------- 32 Keypunch o p era tors, cla s s B 3 -------------M anufacturing ------- __ _ ------- - 2 2 - 15 3 j 70.00 80.50 - 3 1 - 4 3 1 1 t 5 5 - - 1 1 2 - 6 1 2 - 40.0 88.00 _ _ - _ 2 2 - 2 2 5 146 74 40.0 40.0 69.00 76.50 6 ■ " 22 2 13 “ 15 2 19 14 21 15 18 13 23 19 4 4 23 39.5 58.50 . 4 5 5 5 1 ! 2 _ _ _ S ecreta ries __ __ __ _ __ M anufacturing ________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___ _ __ __ __ _ Pu blic utilities 13 . __ __ ____ 2 _ 427 262 165 27 40.0 40.0 39.5 40.0 92.50 100.50 80.00 91.50 - - - 4 4 6 6 21 - 21 16 6 10 27 3 24 - - " - - - 28 5 23 5 33 14 19 5 33 21 12 4 53 34 19 5 Stenographers, g e n e r a l3 ______________ — M anufacturing __ __ __ __ ------- __ _ N onm anufacturing __ ___ . . . . Pu blic u tilit ie s 2 _ ____ _ 250 164 86 16 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 73.50 78.00 65.50 80.00 _ - 7 4 3 15 1 14 33 17 16 19 11 8 " - - 20 5 15 3 - - 47 34 13 1 22 18 4 1 23 22 1 1 33 22 11 9 Stenographers, s e n io r 3 _____ ______ M anufacturing _ _. _ __ _ ____ 145 40.0 40.0 87.50 92.50 _ _ _ 1 7 - - 1 1 18 2 11 7 11 6 10 6 67.50 80.50 57.50 2 2 3 3 13 13 6 6 6 3 3 7 4 3 6 5 2 2 2 2 1 - - _ - 8 3 5 10 5 5 8 7 1 2 1 1 1 1 " 10 3 7 - 6 3 3 _ _ - 1 _ _ 2 11 2 20 8 12 10 8 7 " 11 11 6 5 8 - 71 3 63 6 47 7 25 14 O ffice g ir ls __ _ __ _ __ __ __ _ 10 6 $ - Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r s ___________________ M anufacturing ________________________ N onm anufacturing __ __ __ ____ 60 34 41.5 40.0 42.5 Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ------M anufacturing __ _ — N onm anufacturing 48 25 23 40.0 40.0 40.0 65.00 68.50 61.50 _ T abulating-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la s s B _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 40.0 94.50 _ T ran scrib in g-m a ch in e o p e ra to rs, gen eral ----- — ----- ----- . ---------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________ 75 37 39.5 39.5 65.50 71.50 - T yp ists, c la s s A ____________________ __ Nonm anufacturing __ __ ______ 126 30 40.0 39.0 80.00 67.50 T yp ists, c la s s B _ _ _ _ _ _ M anufacturing __ __ _ _ __ ______ 249 48 40.0 40.0 59.50 69.00 26 - _ 1 10 " " _ _ _ 17 ------------J - - - - - - " ■ “ ~ 1 - - - - 3 3 1 1 “ _ ■ ■ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 31“ 9 1 71 6i 8 2 33 30 3 2 24 £6 4 15 14 1 3 3 - - - 6 5 1 1 3 3 1 11 10 1 1 - " 18 17 1 1 11 11 2 _ - _ _ _ _ t _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " “ " 17 17 16 16 19 17 20 18 10 10 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ - - " - 7 4 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 _ - 1 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - “ - - - 1 _ - _ - _ - 1 1 _ _ _ - 1 1 - - - _ - _ - 1 - - - - " - - “ 2 1 4 1 - - - _ 4 - _ _ 4 3 5 3 2 2 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - - “ “ “ “ 17 4 24 6 13 4 16 - 18 - 13 - _ _ _ _ _ " " - - " 13 7 5 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 i_______ 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly h ou rs. 2 T ran sportation, com m u nication, and other public u tilities. 3 D escrip tion fo r this jo b has been r e v ise d sin ce the last su rvey in this area. See appendix A. - - - _ - - - ■ - _ - " _ _ . - - " _ _ _ 7 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and W om en (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an a rea b a sis by industry d ivision , South Bend, I n d ., M arch 1962) Avbraob Number Sex, occupation, and industry d iv isio n D raftsm en, lea d e r _______ M anufacturing ________ D raftsm en, se n io r ____ M anufacturing ______ D raftsm en, ju n ior ___ M anufacturing ___ N u rses, in du stria l (re g is te r e d ) M anufacturing _______________ 1 2 of workers 27 27 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 $176.50 176.50 223 216 4 0 .0 46. 0 135.00 136.00 85 — W ~ 24 23 NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF S $ $ * $ 5 $ $ % $ % S $ $ $ $ s $ $ s t Weekly, Weekly . Under 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 160.00 170.00 180.00 190.00 hours 1 earnings* and $ and (Standard) (Standard) under 70.00 75. 00 80.00 85.00 90.0 0 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 160.00 170.00 180.00 190.00 over 40 .0 4 6 .0 101.00 103.50 4 0 .0 4 0.0 99.50 69.50 ■ ■ _ _ " 8 2 2 1 1 1 • - - " ■ " 1 - 1 1 1 2 2 8 6 9 9 . - 3 3 _ 5 S' ' " 12 6 4 4 10 8 2 2 15 15 12 12 9 9 1 2 2 3 2 6 6 9 9 13 13 4 4 " “ “ 1 " 2 2 5 $ 8 8 5 “ 5— 26 6 24 16 15 15 14 14 12 12 48 48 18 18 30 36 13 13 3 3 - - 2 2 _ 5 $ _ 3 3 j 1 “• 1 , 1 Standard h ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings co r re s p o n d to these w eekly h ou rs. 2 W ork ers w e re distribu ted as fo llo w s : 3 at $ 190 to $20 0; 3 at $200 to $210. 8 Table A-3. O ffice, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and W om en Combined (A verage s traigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis •by industry d ivision , South Bend, Ind. , M arch 1962) weekly earnings 1 (Standard) O ccupation and industry d ivision $72. 50 B ille r s , m achine (billin g m achine) _ B ookkeeping-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A . M anufacturing N onm anufacturing C om ptom eter op e ra to rs M a n u fa c tu r in g ---------- O ffice occu p ation s— Continued 38 — v r~ - $88.00 89.00 $ 6 5 .0 0 48 Switchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t i o n i s t s _________________ 68. 50 25 Manufacturing - - - - - - _ _ - - - — - - - - - - - - _ - - -_ _ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23 - - - - 61. - 50- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8 8 .0 0 6 4 .0 0 D uplicating-m ach ine operators (M im eograph o r D i t t o ) ----------M a n u fa c tu r in g ______________ 30 18 70.50 |Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38- - - - 108.50 Manufacturing _ _ _ _ ____ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -26 - - - 110.56 - - 79. 50 1 23“ 138 59. 50 73. 50 57.00 Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s A 3 32 88.00 98 . 00 Keypunch o p erators, c la s s B 3 M anufacturing — 146 74 40 73 20 ~ W 155 1 1 0 . bo 9 2 .0 0 92.00 69. 50 73. 00 68 .0 0 O ffice boys and girls M anufacturing ----- 46 31 S e c r e t a r i e s ___________ M anufacturing ______ N onm anufacturing _ P ublic utilities 2 428 S tenograp hers, g e n e r a l3 M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing _ Pu blic u tilities 2 250 164 86 16 262 166 28 C lerk s, file , c la s s A 3 ______ C lerk s, file , c la s s B 3 M anufacturing _____ C lerk s, o rd e r M a n u fa c tu r in g ----N onm anufacturing 22 61 " 20 “ 41 60. 00 72. 50 81. 50 00 ' Stenographers, sei M anufacturing 7 7 .0 0 •90 . 93. 50 78 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B - - - - - - - - _M anufacturing . . . . . ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45. . . . . . 98. . 50 . . . . . . . . . . 69.00 | 76.50 T ran scrib in g-m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l __ — - - - - - - M anufacturing _ - - - - - - _ _ —— 59.50. 62. 50 T y p ists, cla s s A _ _ _ _ Nonmanufacturing _ 92. 50 100.50 I T y p is ts , clas s B M anufacturing 80. 50 93.00 _ _ . ____ _ _ ____ __ _____ __ ____ ____ ____ . __ _ _ - 1 87.5 0 1 92. 56 M a n u f a c t u r in g _ — - - - - - ~ W 16 80’ "56 69. 50 Sw itchboard op e ra to rs M a n u fa c tu r in g -------N onmanuf actur ing _. 60 26 34 67. 50 80. 50 57. 50 N u rses, industrial (re g is te r e d ) Earnings a re fo r a regular w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees r e c e iv e their s tra igh t-tim e w eekly sa la r ie s , e xclu sive o f any prem ium pay. Tran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. D escrip tion fo r this job has been re v ise d sin ce the last su rvey in this area. See appendix A. _ 80. 00 67. 50 59. 50 "6975 6“ -------- T T ~ 27 176.50 176.50 223 2T6 135.00 T 3 5T 55“ 85 76 101.00 163750“ __ _______ _ 65. 50 71. 50 249 48 . 75 37 126 30 __ _ . P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occupations 73. 50 1 78. 00 ^ _ _____ ___________________ 65. 50 I D r a f t s m e n , l e a d e r ----Manufacturing __ _ 80.00 D raftsm en, sen ior 145 _ _ __ _ M a n u fa c tu r in g _____ _____ —------—-----— ------ —— -----C lerk s, p a y ro ll _ M anufacturing N onm anufacturing Average weekly . earning* 1 (Standard) Number of worker* O ccupation and industry d iv ision 18 32 C lerk s, accounting, cla s s A M anufacturing N onm anufacturing _ Pu blic u tilit ie s 2 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B M anufacturing ___________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______ Average weekly earnings 1 (Standard) O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations B ookkeeping-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B Manuf actur ing N onm anufacturing Number of O ccupation and industry d ivision — 24 "" 28 ' 99. 50 9 9 .5 0 9 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage s tra igh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an a rea ba sis by industry d ivision , South Bend, I n d ., M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKEB8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O ccupation and industry d iv isio n Average $ hourly . 1.90 earnings and under 2. 00 C a rp en ters, m aintenance __ ____ __ . . _______ M a n u fa ctu rin g _______ ____ ______ — ____ 41 40 $ 3 .0 9 3 .09 . __ _ . . E le c tr ic ia n s , m aintenance _______ M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------------- 170 170 3. 19 3. 19 E n gin eers, station ary ---------------------------------------M anufacturing ---------- ------------ — — 26 22 F irem en , station ary b o ile r ____________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------------- $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2 .4 0 $2 .5 0 *2 .6 0 *2 .7 0 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 2. 10 2.2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 .6 0 2 .70 2. 80 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 - 3 3 - - - - “ 3 3 3 3 2.9 9 3.13 3 “ . - “ _ _ . " " ■ 44 44 2.73 2.73 4 4 3 3 7 7 4 M a ch in e-tool o p e r a to r s , t o o l r o o m ------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------------- 67 67 3 .00 3 .0 0 - . " 16 16 16 16 M achinists, m aintenance ------------------ -------- ------M anufacturing -------- — ----------- 29 29 2 .98 2 .98 . - M ech an ics, autom otive (m aintenance) ________ M anufacturing ___ _____. . . __ ____ _____ N onm anufacturing -----------------------------------------P u blic u tilitie s 2 __________________________ 133 55 78 75 2.99 3.03 2.96 2.97 M ech an ics, m aintenance - ________ . . ____ M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------------- 139 139 - * - . - . . - “ 1 1 _ $ 3 .0 0 3. 10 7 7 1 1 1 1 - . 21 21 8 8 $ 3. 10 3. 20 $ 3. 20 3 .3 0 $ 3 .3 0 ..3a,40_. < 3.40 3.. ?0 $ 3. 50 $ 3 .60 and -3 .. 60-.. .o v e r __ 9 9 - - 3 3 - 18 18 . 63 63 54 54 - - - 6 5 “ 16 16 . . 16 16 . - - - - 10 10 11 11 ~ ' - - “ - 2 2 3 3 . “ 6 6 24 24 - - ' 7 7 3 3 . - 4 4 - - - - - _ - _ _ - ■ . . . ■ “ 4 4 . . . . . . “ " _ _ _ _ _ " ' 1 ■ " 13 13 _ - ! 1 1 - . " . - . - . - 16 16 16 6 6 - 3 3 - 3 3 - 2 2 - 5 5 - 4 1 3 3 17 3 14 14 58 16 42 42 19 19 - - - - - 3. 17 3.17 _ . _ _ _ . 15 15 61 61 . - 32 32 _ _ 4 4 _ - 12 12 _ - 2 2 - 13 13 - 167 167 3. 13 3. 13 _ . _ . ! ! . - - - - 1 1 4 4 . - " 37 37 - 9 9 ' 113 113 - - 2 2 - 50 50 2.72 2. 72 - - - - 20 20 8 8 16 16 - 6 6 P a in ters, m aintenance _ ______ __ . . . . ____ ______ _____ M anufacturing _________ 22 22 3. 10 3. 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ " - 4 4 P ip e fitte rs , m aintenance _____________ _________ M anufacturing ____________________ ____ _______ 132 132 19 19 . ■ Sh eet-m etal w o rk e rs , m aintenance ____________ M anufacturing ________________________________ 1 . M il l w r i g h t s _____________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------------O ilers . _______ ____ __ ___ __ ___________ M anufacturing . ______ . . . . . . . . . T ool and die m a k e rs . ____________ _____ __ _______ . - ! 1 . _ _ _ . . " “ “ ■ - 3.22 3.22 . . _ .. . _ _ _ 1 • ■ - ■ • " ■ 1 22 22 3. 16 3. 16 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 4 4 1 1 266 266 3.39 3.39 - - - - - - 5 5 5 5 1 1 - E xclu des prem iu m pay fo r ov e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilities. 4 - . - - - - - 13 13 5 5 _ _ _ . - - - . . - - 107 107 - - 5 5 - 1 12 12 17 17 - - 16 16 - - ' 15 15 3 3 201 201 7 7 - _ 10 Table A-5. Custodial and Material M ovem ent Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division , South Bend, Ind., M arch 1962) NUMBER OF WORKER8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccu p a tion 1 and industry division E levator o p era tors , passen ger (women) _____ _________ ____ ____ Nonmanufacturing __________________ Number of workers Average LJnder *1.00 *1.10 *1.20 *1.30 *1.40 *1.50 *1.60 *1.70 *1.80 *1.90 *2.00 *2.10 *2.20 *2.30 *2.40 *2.50 *2.60 *2.70 *2.80 *2.90 *3.00 *3.10 *3.20 *3.30 hourly earnings * and 1.00 under 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 l.? 0 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 2 2 4 4 2 2 2.50 2.51 34 4 _ - _ - _ - 472 *63 109 2.19 2.37 1.57 9 9 1 1 184 59 1.41 1.94 1 _ _ _ _ - 16 16 $ 1.13 1.13 Guards -------- — . — - — M anufacturing ______________________ 164 162 Jan itors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers (men) -____ ___ _________________________ M anufacturing __. . . --------Nonm anufacturing __________________ Jan itors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers (women) _________________ _ M anufacturing ______________________ L a b orers , m aterial h a n d lin g _________ _ M anufacturing __ __ _ --------- _ Nonmanufacturing __________________ P u blic u tilities 4 _________________ 409 240 169 46 2.46 2.43 2.51 2.94 O rder fille r s ___________________________ M anufacturing ----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing __________________ 197 115 82 2.51 2.67 2.28 P a ck ers, shipping ______________________ M anufacturing ______________________ 136 134 2.50 2.49 _________ __ R eceiving cle r k s __ _ M anufacturing ._ _________ ________ 68 56 2.46 2.53 Shipping cle rk s __________ M anufacturing __ __ 32 _ _____ __ --- ------ ----- ------- 22“ - - _ _ _ _ - - . - 81 81 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - 155 155 82 82 16 16 - - _ _ _ - - 13 13 2 2 8 8 35 20 15 19 19 - 2 2 “ 27 27 31 22 9 81 45 36 10 3 7 12 12 4 4 72 70 22 22 6 6 5 4 _ 5 2 33 33 20 20 _ _ _ 9 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 12 5 7 7 _ 15 15 15 _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ 31 31 31 _ _ * _ - - 68 32 36 5 5 - 33 33 - 127 88 39 _ - 1 1 _ - 3 3 _ - - 1 1 - 2 - 4 4 - - 10 10 10 10 56 56 9 9 11 11 11 1 10 1 1 14 5 9 20 8 12 11 8 3 27 13 14 32 15 17 10 2 8 36 34 2 15 15 - 12 9 3 4 _ - 112 _ - 12 11 4 4 _ - 6 6 - 1 2 2 - 1 12 12 - 40 16 24 _ - 3 3 - 8 8 - 5 _ - 13 13 4 4 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ * _ _ - _ - _ 2 - 1 1 2 2 _ - _ " _ - 30 30 _ 4 4 _ 12 12 _ 7 4 _ - 1 1 _ - 5 -----2“ 2.48 2.55 3 _ - 1 1 - 13 13 1 1 _ _ 1 1 _ - - — 1 r - - - - Shipping and r eceiv in g c l e r k s ____ _____ 20 2.87 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ 1 _ _ 1 3 3 1 3 2 _ 1 _ 5 T ruckdr iver s 5 __________ _ __ _ M anufacturing . ____ ____ __ _. N onm anufacturing __________________ P u blic u tilities 4 — ______ 312 77 235 127 2.73 2.57 2.78 2.98 - - - - - - 1 1 - - . - . - 3 3 - . - 3 3 - 15 15 - 1 - 28 8 20 - 55 15 40 7 37 37 - 44 5 39 - 2 2 - 9 2 7 7 113 113 113 1 1 - - - T r u ck d riv ers , light (under 1 V2 tons) _________________________________ 16 2.38 - - - - - - 1 - - - 2 - - 6 - - 3 1 - - - 3 _ _ _ T r u ck d riv ers , m edium ( 1 V2 to and including 4 tons) __________________ M anufacturing ___________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________;----P u blic u tilities 4 _____________ 90 24 66 15 2.59 2.53 2.61 2.78 - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 9 - 1 1 - 15 3 12 - 19 12 7 7 4 4 - 30 30 - 2 2 - - 8 8 8 - _ - _ _ - T r u ck d riv ers , heavy (over 4 tons, tr a ile r type) ____________ ____ __ Nnnmafm f a rfn ng PnKUr nfilitiAa ^ 47 39 16 2.74 2.76 2-98 2 _ _ 3 9 _ 9 7 7 9 1 _ _ T ru ck ers, pow er (forklift) _____________ M anufacturing _______________________ 248 243 2.57 2.57 ! 1 _ 24 24 20 20 18 15 145 145 _ - - 23 23 3 1 - - - W at chm e n ______________________________________ Marmfa rtnring 46 36 1.89 2.08 2 9 - 6 6 9 1 2 3 4 5 - - _ 12 3 - 1 Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs excep t w here otherw ise indicated. E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r ov e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holid ays, and late shifts. A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 0.80 to $ 0.90. Tran sportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. Includes all d r iv e r s r e g a rd le s s o f s ize and type o f truck operated. 1 3 3 - 3 3 - 2 9 6 8 8 — 5“ 9 14 14 9 - 9 9 - _ B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 11 Table B-l. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls o f m a n u fa c tu r in g p lant w o r k e r s b y type and am ount o f d iffe r e n t ia l, South B en d, Ind., M a r c h 1962) P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plant w o r k e r s — In e s ta b lis h m e n ts h avin g fo r m a l p r o v i s io n s 1 f o r — Shift d iffe r e n t ia l S econ d, sh ift w ork T h ir d o r o th e r sh ift w o r k A c t u a lly w o rk in g on — S e c o n d sh ift T h ir d o r o t h e r sh ift 9 5.5 W ith sh ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ---- ------U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r h o u r ) ------- _ _ __ _ - 5 c e n ts _lu l,,„,J,--nr--r . I ..ll__ 6 ce n ts . ____ ________________________ r ______ 8 c e n ts ,,,___________________________________ 10 c e n t s ___________________________________ IOV 2 c e n t s __ — . . . . . . 12 c e n ts .. . . . 15 c e n ts ___________________________________ 152/ b c e n t s -------------------------------------------------U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e __ — _ ______ 5 p ercen t . . . . ____ — __ __ __ 8 p ercen t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 p e r c e n t __ . . _ ._ _ . ._ _ __ _ N o s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l ________________________ 17.0 3.6 9 5 .2 __ __ 90 .2 9 0.2 16.9 3.6 59.2 55.6 13.6 3.3 _ .8 16.0 6.9 13.3 19.4 1.6 1.1 7.9 1.8 24.0 4 .7 1.1 3 6.0 34.6 3. 7 28.3 4 .0 .3 1 In clu d e s e s ta b lis h m e n ts c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts , e v e n though th e y w e r e not c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts . 16.0 - _ 34.6 .1 4 .8 1.5 2.5 _ 1.6 - 4 .2 .1 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 3.2 .3 .6 2.4 .2 .3 - .1 and e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts 12 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D is trib u tio n o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu died in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y m in im u m e n tran ce s a la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s o f in e x p e r ie n c e d w o m e n o f fi c e w o r k e r s , South Bend, I n d ., M arch 1962) In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts M an u factu rin g M in im um w e e k ly s a l a r y 1 O ther in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 1 2 B a sed on stan dard w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f— A ll in d u s tr ie s A ll sch e d u le s 40 A ll s ch e d u le s N onm an u factu rin g M an u factu rin g N onm anufacturing B a s e d on sta n d a rd ^ eekly h o u r s 3 o f— w A ll in d u strie s A ll sch e d u le s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s 40 40 E sta b lish m en ts s t u d i e d ------------------------------------------------------------------- 82 36 XXX 46 XXX 82 36 XXX 46 XXX E sta b lish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in i m u m ------------------------------ 26 13 11 13 11 34 14 12 20 14 _ 1 5 2 6 . - - 3 1 1 3 1 1 _ 1 2 1 5 3 1 6 5 5 1 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 - - - - 2 4 2 1 4 2 - 3 2 1 - - - - - 2 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 - 3 1 3 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 -------------------------------------- 8 4 XXX 4 XXX 13 10 XXX 3 XXX E stab lish m en ts w h ich did not e m p lo y w o rk e rs in this c a t e g o r y ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 19 XXX 29 XXX 35 12 XXX 23 XXX $ 4 0 . 00 $ 42. 50 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 50. 00 $ 52. 50 $ 55. 00 $ 57. 50 $ 60. 00 $ 62. 50 $ 65. 00 $ 6 7 . 50 $ 70. 00 and and and and and and and and and and and and and un d er un d er u nd er u nd er un d er un d er u nd er un d er un d er u nd er u nd er u nd er un d er $42. $ 45. $47. $ 50. $ 52. $ 55. $ 57. $60. $ 62. $ 65. $67. $ 70. $ 72. 50 00 50 00 50 00 50 00 50 00 50 00 50 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------—---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- — ----- — — --------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------------- ------- ~ - - -----— ------------- ----- — — — ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- — — — -----— -----------------------------------------------------------------_____________________________________ E stab lish m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m “ - 2 1 4 1 1 1 1 - 2 4 1 - - 3 2 1 1 3 1 - 1 1 - - - - 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L o w e s t s a la r y rate fo r m a lly e s ta b lis h e d f o r h ir in g in e x p e r ie n c e d w o rk e rs f o r typing o r o th e r c l e r i c a l j o b s . 2 R a tes a p p lic a b le to m e s s e n g e r s , o f fi c e g i r ls , o r s im ila r s u b c le r ic a l jo b s a r e not c o n s id e r e d . 3 H ours r e fl e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s . D ata a r e p r e s e n te d fo r a ll w ork w eek s co m b in e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n w ork w eek r e p o r t e d . 13 T abic B-3. Scheduled W eekly H ours (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f o f fi c e and plant w o r k e r s in all in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y sch ed u led w e e k ly h ou rs o f f ir s t - s h if t w o r k e r s , South Bend, Ind., M a rch 1962) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS W e e k ly h o u r s All industries1 100 U nder 3 7 J/2 h o u r s _ — _ 3 7 l /z h o u r s — — - _ O v e r 3 7 V 2 and u n d er 40 h o u r s — — 40 h o u r s . . . . - 4 2 1/2 h o u r s _______ ___ ____________________ ______ - _ 44 h o u r s — 45 h o u rs — - _ - 48 h o u r s __ _ 54 h o u r s — — — - — D ata not a v a i l a b l e ___________________________ ___ 3 3 92 - 1 (4 ) Manufacturing 100 Public utilities1 2 All industries3 100 100 1 - 4 95 - - Manufacturing 1 1 1 100 - - 100 - - 90 2 100 1 - (4 ) 3 (4 ) - (4 ) ' 1 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tra d e ; re ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a ra te ly . 2 T r a n s p o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s. 3 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , re ta il tra d e , r e a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . * L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. Public utilities2 100 - 88 5 7 - 14 T abic B-4. Paid H olidays (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by n um ber o f paid h olid a y s p r o v id e d annually, South Bend, Ind., M a r c h 1962) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Item All industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities 1 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities2 100 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g paid h olid a ys — ---------------- — -------------W o r k e r s in es ta b lis h m en ts p ro v id in g no paid h o l i d a y . -------------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 98 100 100 1 “ 2 “ ~ 6 2 8 28 1 - 11 50 Number of days 1 h o lid a y 6 h o lid a y s __ __ 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 h olid a ys plu s 1 h a lf day ... h olid ays plus 2 h a lf days __ __ . . . h olid a ys plu s 3 h a lf days __ _ h olid ays _______ ,____ „ __ . ________________________ h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day _ _______ h olid ays plu s 2 h alf days h o l i d a y s ________ __________________________________________ h olid ays plu s 2 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------------. . . . __ __ __ _ h o l i d a y s __ 10 h olid ays _ __ _ — _ --------- - _ 32 1 4 (4) 45 1 1 12 1 1 2 4 1 7 68 1 1 17 1 33 1 7 41 - 17 - “ 1 14 2 7 1 54 1 (4 ) 61 1 (4 ) _ _ _ 16 1 (4) 1 20 2 1 2 19 20 81 83 97 98 2 2 22 23 92 94 11 11 21 71 72 100 100 100 100 ’ 11 . ■ Total holiday timo5 10 days . . . . ______ ___ _ 9 o r m o r e days __ _ __ __ _ _ — 8 o r m o r e days . . . . . . . . .... 7 V2 o r m o r e d a y s ________________________________ 7 o r m o r e days . . . __ _ . . . _ ______ 6 V o r m o r e d a y s ________________________________2 6 o r m o r e days _ ___ . . . . _ ______ __ _____ . . . 1 o r m o r e d a y s __ 1 2 3 4 5 no half 2 3 16 17 66 67 99 99 1 19 20 95 96 100 100 17 17 24 67 67 100 100 In clu des data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to those in du stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . T ra n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s . In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in du stry d iv is io n s shown se p a ra te ly . L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. A ll com b in a tion s o f fu ll and h a lf days that add to the sa m e am ount a r e c o m b in e d ; fo r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a tota l o f 7 days in c lu d e s th o s e w ith 7 fu ll days and d ays, 6 fu ll days and 2 h alf d a y s, 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s, and so on. P r o p o r t io n s w e r e then cum ulated. 15 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y v a ca tio n pay p r o v is io n s , South B en d, Ind. , M a r c h 1962) | | OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o l ic y All industries A l l w o r k e r s ______________________________________ 1 Manufacturing 100 100 100 98 1 100 97 2 Public utilities* | ! 100 PLANT WORKERS All industries* Manufacturing Public utilities 100 100 100 99 31 68 100 20 80 100 99 1 Method of payment W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g pa id v a c a t i o n s ----------- ---------- --------------- ------------L e n g t h -o f-t im e p a y m e n t ____________________ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t -------------------------------------F la t - s u m p a y m e n t -----------------------------------------O th er W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no p aid v a c a t i o n s ______________________________ (4) ~ (4) ” ” 3 19 13 2 3 24 22 22 (4 ) 78 - 11 (4 ) 89 ~ 7 1 92 (4 ) 2 1 96 (4 ) 100 100 ■ - (4) “ 1 ~ 1 Amount of vacation pay 5 A ft e r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w e e k _______________ __________ — ----------1 w e e k ------- ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s __ ___ — ~ 8 4 8 2 16 29 ■ ' “ " 87 13 “ 51 44 4 (4 ) 41 55 3 1 89 11 4 1 95 (4 ) 43 3 54 " 37 45 16 2 36 56 6 2 37 63 1 2 96 (4 ) 100 “ 9 51 38 1 (4 ) 8 63 26 1 1 " 100 100 “ 9 46 42 2 (4 ) 8 57 31 “ 100 “ “ 20 21 1 ■ A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ____ ___________________ ___ _________________ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w eek s «__________________________________ _______ O v e r 2 and tinder 3 w e e k s __ A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ______________________________________ ______ O v e r 1 and tinder 2 w e e k s ___ 2 w e e k s _________________________________ ___ ______ O v e r 2 and tinder 3 w e e k s _ A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k --------------- --------- ----------- --------- -------,------- -----O v e r 1 and tinder 2 w e e k s 2 w e e k s ___ __ ___ ________________________ ___ —— — O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s rw*»r ^ anH u n d er 4 w e e k s - A ft e r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and tinder 2 w e e k s 2 w eek s ------ ------------------- -------------------------------------— O v e r 2 and tinder 3 w e e k s 2 98 (4 ) " 1 99 (4 ) ■ 3 1 A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------------- (4 ) - 2 w eek s O ver 2 and tinder 3 w e e k s ^ arxA iinHflr 4 w e e k s S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . 86 2 12 “ (4 ) 79 1 20 99 1 1 1 50 45 2 (4 ) 1 1 39 56 2 1 100 ■ “ 2 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations— Continued ( P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in du stry d iv is io n s b y v a ca tion pay p r o v is io n s , South Bend, Ind., M a r c h 1962) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y All industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities2 A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 5------- C o n t in u e d A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ___________________________________________ 2 w eek s _ - __ — __ __ __ — — . . . . . O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s --- -------------------------- — 3 w eek s . _ . . . — — . . . . . . _____ __ O v er 2 and un d er 4 w eek s . . . . (4 ) 23 22 55 (4 ) 10 34 56 (4 ) 6i 39 (4 ) 23 26 27 23 _ 14 32 25 29 74 26 “ (4 ) 18 20 61 (4 ) _ 10 34 55 1 “ _ 41 59 - (4 ) 20 24 30 24 1 _ 13 29 26 30 2 _ 45 55 (4 ) 7 (4 ) 85 1 8 3 (4 ) 83 1 13 _ 12 88 - (4 ) 13 17 39 28 2 7 21 35 35 2 _ 100 “ (4 ) 7 (4 ) 81 1 12 3 (4 ) 81 1 15 (4) 13 17 37 28 4 7 21 35 35 2 (4 ) 7 (4 ) 68 1 24 3 (4 ) 68 1 28 (4 ) 13 17 18 29 22 7 21 15 36 20 A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _. __ _ __ __ ._ ._ ._ __ — . — — 2 w eek s _______ __ __________________ ___ O v er 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s _ _. __ _. _. — 3 w eek s . — __ __ — _ __ __ . . . . _ . O ver 3 and un d er 4 w eek s _ __ _ — ------- — 4 w eek s ----------------------------------------------------------------- - * A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ___ ____ __ _____ __ __ ._ . . — — — 2 w e e k s __________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ______________________ 3 w eek s _ ._ __ — _ _. . . _. — — — O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s _ ._ __ __ ___ _— 4 w eek s ------ ------- _. _. _. -------- ------- — — A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek __ ._ . — 2 w eek s _ ------------O ver 2 and un d er 3 " urpplre K O ver 3 and un d er 4 4 w eek s _ _ ___ __ __ ------- __ ------- — _. — __ __ ------- — — — w eek s _ _. — — - --------........ w e e k s ______________________ _ __ __ __ — — — ... _ _ 12 - 74 - 14 _ _ - 78 - 22 A lt e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek __ __ _____ __ . . . — ._ . . 2 w eek s . . ____ — — - — O ver 2 and u n d er 3 w eek s ..__________________ — 3 w eek s _ _ _. ------ _ — ._ ~ __ O ver 3 and u nd er 4 w eek s _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 w eek s _ _ _ _ _ _ — 1 2 3 4 5 s e r v ic e to _ _ 12 - 19 - 69 _ _ In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to those in du stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilitie s . Inclu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a ra te ly . L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and d o not n e c e s s a r il y r e fle c t the in divid u al p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le, the ch a n g es in p r o p o r t io n s in clu d e ch an ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . _ _ 22 _ 78 in d ica te d N O T E : In the tabu lation s of v a ca tio n a llo w a n ce s b y y e a r s o f s e r v ic e , paym en ts o th e r than "le n g th o f t i m e , " such as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual e a rn in g s o r f la t - s u m p a y m e n ts , w e r e an equ ivalen t tim e b a s is ; f o r e x a m p le , a p aym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. at 10 years' c o n v e r te d 17 Table B-6. H ealth, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u s try d iv is io n s e m p lo y e d in e sta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g health, in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e fits , South B en d, Ind. , M a r c h 1962) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS T y p e o f b e n e fit A ll in d u strie s A ll w ork ers 1 M a n u fa c t u r in g P u b lic u tilitie s 1 2 100 100 100 A ll in d u s tr ie s 3 M a n u fa c t u r in g P u b lic u tilitie s 2 100 100 100 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s ic k le a v e o r b o th 4 ________________ __ ______ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e S ic k le a v e (fu ll p a y and n o w a itin g p e r io d ) S ic k le a v e (p a r tia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r io d ) 98 99 99 96 99 100 76 94 68 84 90 67 96 97 96 96 99 95 . ___ 58 81 30 91 97 29 _ 79 83 31 7 2 40 8 5 55 3 “ 26 99 99 90 73 73 56 71 74 1 95 95 77 32 81 2 99 99 83 28 86 1 60 60 31 61 95 _ H o s p ita liz a tio n i n s u r a n c e ___ _______ __ _____ S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e _______ — — M e d ica l in s u r a n c e C a ta s trop h e i n s u r a n c e ______________________ R e tir e m e n t p e n s i o n __________________________ N o h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n ____ 98 98 87 75 71 69 92 ( 5) 1 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u s try d iv is io n s s h o w n s e p a r a te ly . 2 T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s . 3 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 4 U n d u p lica ted to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e o r s ick n e s s and a ccid e n t in s u ra n ce show n s e p a r a te ly b e lo w . S ic k -le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to th ose w h ich d e fin ite ly e s ta b lis h at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b er o f d a y s ' p a y that ca n be e x p e cte d b y ea ch e m p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n ce s d e te r m in e d on an in d ivid u al b a s is a r e e x clu d ed . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . Appendix A : Changes in Occupational Descriptions stead of two (class A and B). The revised description for keypunch operator groups these workers into two defined classes (A and B) instead of a single category. Previously data were presented separately for general stenographers and technical stenographers. The revision combines general stenographers, with more responsible duties, and technical stenographers to form a new senior stenographer category; other general stenographers are maintained in that classification. Since the Bureau’ s last survey in this area, occupational descriptions for three office jobs were revised in order to obtain salary information for more sp ecific categories. Therefore, data presented for these jobs in table A -l are not comparable to data presented in last year’ s bulletin. Revisions were made in the descriptions for file clerks, key punch operators, and stenographers. The revised description for file clerk groups these workers into three levels (class A, B, and C) in The revised occupational descriptions used this year are in cluded in appendix B. 19 Appendix B: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type o f machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A— Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (hilling machine)— Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)— Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry o f figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 21 22 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. Class B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A— an established filing system containing a number In of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B— Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C— Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers9orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt o f orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary ‘ data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers9 earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 23 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Class A— Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B— Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued — making phone calls; handling personal and. important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographer speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 24 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part o f this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A— Operates a variety o f tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as die tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group o f tabulating-machine operators. Class B— Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in die basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A— Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B— Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 25 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts* man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep* aration o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicant^ and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires! rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 26 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties o f lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation o f one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds o f machining; knowledge of the working 27 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in die plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for die production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates *with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, die work o f the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 28 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or beating systems are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types o f sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out o f work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. 29 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection o f appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Ship ping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers9 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform dther related duties. Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 30 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers9 houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D rivers ale smen and over^the~road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1^ tons) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1962 0 — 642442
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