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Occupational Wage Survey SAN BERNARDINO-RIVERSIDEONTARIO, CALIFORNIA NOVEMBER 1959 Bulletin No. 1265-15 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey SAN BERNARDINO-RIVERSIDEONTARIO, CALIFORNIA NOVEMBER 1959 Bulletin No. 1265-15 March 1960 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents/ U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Preface The Com m unity Wage Survey P rogram The B ureau of Labor S ta tistics regu larly conducts areaw ide wage su rveys in a num ber of im portant in d u s tria l c e n te r s. The stu d ies, m ade from late fa ll to early sp rin g, relate to occupational earnings and related supple m entary b en efits. A p relim inary report is available on com p letion of the study in each area, usu ally in the month follow ing the payroll period studied. T his b u lletin provides additional data not included in the e a r lie r rep ort. A co n solid ated an alytical bu lletin sum m arizing the resu lts of all of the y e a r 's su rveys is issu e d after com p letion of the final area b ulletin for the curren t round of su rv e y s. T his report was prepared in the B ureau's regional office in San F ra n c isc o , C alif. , by W illiam P . O'Connor, under the d irection of John L . Dana, R egional Wage and Industrial R elations A n alyst. Contents In trod u ctio n ______________________________________________________________ P age 1 T able s : 1. E stab lish m en ts and w orkers w ithin scope of s u r v e y -------------- 2 A: O ccupational earnings: * A - 1. O ffice occupations ______________________________ A -2 . P ro fessio n a l and tech n ical occupations ______ A -3 . M aintenance and pow erplant occupations ____ A -4 . C ustodial and m aterial m ovem ent occupations B: E stab lish m en t p ra ctices and supplem entary wage p rovision s: * B - l . Shift d ifferen tia ls ________________________________________ B -2 . M inim um entrance sa la r ie s for w om en office w orkers __________________________________________ B -3 . Scheduled w eekly hours -------------------------------------------------B -4 . P aid holidays ____________________________________________ B -5 . P aid vacations ___________________________________________ B -6 . H ealth, in su ran ce, and pen sion plans -------------------------- 8 9 9 10 11 13 Appendix: O ccupational d escrip tion s __________________________________ 15 * NOTE: S im ilar tabulations for th ese and other item s are available in the reports for su rveys in other m ajor a r e a s. A d irectory indicating date of study and the p rice of the reports is available upon req u est. Occupational Wage Survey —San Bernardino-Riverside-Ontario, Calif. Introduction T his area is one of se v e r a l im portant in d u strial cen ters in which the U .S . D epartm ent of L ab or’ s B ureau of Labor S ta tistic s has conducted su rveys of occupational earnings and related wage ben efits on an areaw ide b a s is . In this area, data w ere obtained by personal v is its of B ureau field econ om ists to rep resen tative estab lish m en ts w ithin six broad industry division s: M anufacturing; tra n sp o rta tio n ,1 com m u nication, and other public u tilities; w h olesale trade; reta il trade; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor in dustry groups excluded from th ese stu d ies are governm ent operations and the con stru ction and extractive in d u stries. E stab lish m en ts having few er than a p rescrib ed num ber of w orkers are om itted also b ecause they furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w a r rant in clu sion . W herever p o ssib le, sep arate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry d iv isio n s. T hese su rveys are conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecau se of the u n n ecessary co st involved in surveying all esta b lish m en ts. To obtain appropriate accu racy at m inim um c o st, a greater proportion of large than of sm a ll estab lish m en ts is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, a ll estab lish m en ts are given their appropriate w eight. E stim a tes b ased on the estab lish m en ts studied are presen ted , th erefo re, as r e lating to all estab lish m en ts in the industry grouping and area, e x cep t for those below the m inim um siz e studied. O ccupations and E arnings The occupations selec te d for study are com m on to a variety of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing in d u stries. O ccupational c la s sifica tio n is based on a uniform se t of job d escrip tion s designed to take account of in terestab lish m en t variation in duties w ithin the sam e job. (See appendix for listin g of th ese d escrip tio n s.) E arnings data are p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) for the follow ing types of occupa tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p ro fessio n a l and technical; (c) m ain te nance and powerplant; and (d) custod ial and m aterial m ovem ent. O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w o rk ers, i. e . , those h ired to work a regu lar w eekly sch ed ule in the given occupational cla ssific a tio n . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h olid ays, and 1 R ailroad s, fo rm erly excluded from the scope of th ese stu d ies, have been added in n early a ll of the area s to be studied during the w inter of 1959-60; ra ilroad s w ill be added in the rem aining areas next y ea r. F or scope of su rvey in this area, se e footnote to "transporta tion, com m unication, and other public u tilities" in table 1. late sh ifts. Nonproduction bonu ses are excluded a lso , but cost-of;living bonuses and incen tive earn in gs are included. W here w eekly hours are reported, as for office c le r ic a l occu p ation s, referen ce is to the work sch ed u les (rounded to the n ea rest half hour) for which stra ig h t-tim e sa la r ie s are paid; average w eekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the n ea rest half d ollar. A verage earnings of m en and wom en are p resen ted sep arately for selec te d occupations in which both se x e s are com m only em ployed. D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls of m en and w om en in th ese occupations are la rg ely due to (l) d ifferen ces in the distribution of the sex es am ong in d u stries and estab lish m en ts; (2) d ifferen ces in sp ecific duties p er form ed, although the occupations are appropriately c la ss ifie d within the sam e su rvey job description; and (3) d ifferen ces in length of s e r v ice or m erit review when individual sa la rie s are adjusted on this b asis. L onger average se r v ic e of m en would resu lt in higher average pay when both sex es are em ployed within the sam e rate range. Job d escrip tion s used in cla ssify in g em p loyees in these su rveys are u su ally m ore g en era lized than those used in individual estab lish m en ts to allow for m inor d ifferen ces am ong estab lish m en ts in sp ecific duties perform ed. O ccupational em ploym ent estim a tes rep resen t the total in all estab lish m en ts within the scope of the study and not the num ber actu ally su rveyed . B ecau se of d ifferen ces in occupational stru ctu re among esta b lish m en ts, the estim a tes of occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple of estab lish m en ts studied serv e only to indicate the relative im portance of the jobs studied. T h ese d ifferen ces in o ccu pational structure do not m a teria lly affect the accu racy of the ea rn ings data. E stab lish m en t P ra c tic es and Supplem entary Wage P ro v isio n s Inform ation is p resen ted also (in the B -s e r ie s tab les) on s e lected estab lish m en t p ra ctices and supplem entary ben efits as they r e late to office and plant w o rk ers. The term "office w o rk ers, " as used in this bulletin, includes working au p ervisors and n on su p ervisory w orkers perform ing c le r ic a l or related fu n ction s, and exclu d es adm in istr a tiv e , ex ecu tive, and p ro fessio n a l p erson n el. "Plant w orkers" in clude working forem en and all n on su p ervisory w orkers (including lea d m en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A d m in istrative, ex ecu tive, and p ro fession a l em p lo y ees, and force-acco u n t con stru ction em p loyees who are u tilized as a sep arate work force are excluded . C afeteria w orkers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in d u s tries, but are included as plant w ork ers in nonm anufacturing ind u stries. 2 T A B L E 1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d ie d in San B e r n a r d i n o — i v e r s i d e —O n t a r io , R M in im u m In d u s try d iv is io n in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f stu d y N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts W it h in scope o f stu d y 3 C a lif., 1 b y m a j o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , 2 N o v e m b e r 1 959 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s W it h in s c o p e o f s tu d y S tu d ie d S tu d ie d T o t a l4 O ffic e P la n t T o ta l 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 205 85 5 8 , 7 00 7, 8 00 40, 800 4 7 , 0 90 M a n u fa c t u r in g --------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------------------------------T r a n s p o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ----------------------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ------------------------------------S e r v i c e s 7 ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- 51 51 78 127 37 48 27, 7 00 31, 0 00 2, 4 0 0 5, 4 0 0 2 1, 5 00 19, 300 23, 5 1 0 2 3, 5 80 51 51 51 51 51 19 20 42 17 29 13 6 15 6 8 14, 2, 7, 3, 3, 1, 5 00 8, 100 A ll d iv is io n s 100 6 00 9 00 400 0 00 (‘ ) (* ) (!) (6) ( 6) (6) (6) (6) 13, 1, 5, 2, 1, 710 210 340 2 50 070 1 T h e S a n B e r n a r d i n o — i v e r s i d e —O n t a r io M e t r o p o l i t a n A r e a ( R i v e r s i d e a n d San B e r n a r d i n o C o u n t i e s ) . R T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in t h e s u r v e y . T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , t o s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r a r e a e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1 ) p iein n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b l is h m e n t d a t a c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 T h e 195 7 r e v i s e d e d i t io n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . M a j o r c h a n g e s f r o m th e e a r l i e r e d i t io n ( u s e d in th e B u r e a u 's l a b o r m a r k e t w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m p r i o r t o t h e w in t e r o f 1 9 5 8 - 5 9 ) a r e t h e t r a n s f e r o f m i l k p a s t e u r i z a t i o n p la n t s a n d r e a d y - m i x e d c o n c r e t e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s f r o m t r a d e ( w h o l e s a l e o r r e t a il ) t o m a n u fa c t u r i n g , a n d t h e t r a n s f e r o f r a d i o a n d t e l e v i s i o n b r o a d c a s t i n g f r o m s e r v i c e s t o th e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s d i v i s i o n . 3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m - s i z e l i m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w it h in t h e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , and m o t io n - p ic t u r e th e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e o f f i c e a n d p la n t c a t e g o r i e s . 5 R a i l r o a d s w e r e i n c l u d e d ; t a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s i n c id e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d . 6 T h is in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A a n d B t a b l e s , a lt h o u g h c o v e r a g e w a s in s u f f i c i e n t t o j u s t i f y s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta . 7 H o t e l s ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r s h o p s ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; a n d e n g in e e r in g a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . 3 The summary of vacation.plans is lim ited to formal arrange m ents, excluding informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the em ployer. Separate estim ates are provided according to em ployer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation allowances, payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 w eek's pay. Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen1s compensation and social security. Such plans include those underwritten by a com m ercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illn ess or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,4 plans are included only if the em ployer (1) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick-leave plans are lim ited to formal plans5 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illn ess. Separate tabulations are provided according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, som etim es referred to as extended m edical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect em ployees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, m edical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com m er cial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirem ent pension plans are lim ited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the w orker's life. An establishm ent was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. 3 Scheduled weekly hours for office workers (first section table B-3) in surveys made prior to late 1957 and early 1958 were presented in term s of the proportion of women office workers em ployed in offices with the indicated weekly hours for women w orkers. 4 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions. 5 An establishm ent was considered as having a form al plan if of established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave that it could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan need not be written, but informal sick-leave allowances, determined on an individual b asis, were excluded. Shift differential data (table B -l) are lim ited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in term s of (a) estab lishm ent policy, 2 presented in term s of total plant worker em ploy ment, and (b) effective practice, presented on the basis of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishm ents having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sification "other" was used. In establishm ents in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. Minimum entrance rates (table B-2) relate only to the estab lishm ents visited. They are presented on an establishm ent, rather than on an employment basis. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a m a jority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Scheduled hours are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a m ajority are covered .3 Because of rounding, sums of individual item s in these tabulations may not equal totals. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the num ber of whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e. 4 A* Occupational Earnings Table A -l. Office Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on a n a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , San B e r n a r d in o — i v e r s i d e - O n t a r i o , C a lif. , N o v e m b e r 1959) R Avebaqb NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly,1 earnings1 40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90.00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110. 00 115. 00 120.00 Weekly. and hours (Standard) (Standard) u n der “ “ ” ■ " “ “ ■ “ ■ 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 _&5J)0 __zo,.oo 75, Q.0_ JO^fiO. _85,0Q -S Q ^ Q O 95. 00, 100.00 105.00 11CL00 115. 00 120.00 125. 00 Sex, occupation, and in d u stry divisio n Number of workers M en C le rk s , accounting, c la ss A ________________________ N o n m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------------------C le rk s, o rd e r __________________________________________ N o n m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------------------O ffice b o y s _______ - ------------ ---- — - - — -------T ab u lating-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la ss B 62 42 38 34 30 28 40. 5 41. 0 41. 5 42. 0 40. 0 40. 5 $99.50 1Q0.00 90.50 89.00 59.50 100.00 3 W omen B ille rs , m achine (billing m a c h in e ) -----------------------------B ille rs , m achine (bookkeeping m a c h in e )-------B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la ss A ____________ B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la ss B ______ N o n m an u fa c tu rin g ------------— _ C le rk s , acco unting, c la ss A __ __ _ __ — __ _ M a n u fa c tu rin g ________ __ — -_______________________ N onm anufacturing _ _ ___ __ _ — — __ C le rk s, acco unting, c la ss B ___ _ — — — M anufacturing — __ ----- __ __ __ — N onm anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ------C le rk s , file, c la ss B _ __ _ N onm anufacturing _ ____ _______ C le rk s, p a y r o ll_________________________________________ M anufacturing — ------------ __ _ — N o n m an u factu rin g ______ _ ____ __ _ _ _ K eypunch o p e r a to r s -----------------------------------------------------M anufacturing — — — _ _ _ _ __ — N onm anufacturing — __ _ - - — — S e c re ta rie s ------- — — — M anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ N onm anufacturing ----- __ _ — - — P u blic u tilitie s 2 ---_ __ _ - _ — S ten o g ra p h e rs, g e n e ra l ---_ ---M a n u fa c tu rin g ---------- _ _ __ _ --------N o n m an u fa c tu rin g ---- _ _ __ _ _ P u blic u tilitie s 2 --------------------------------------------------- 30 33 29 310 291 79 25 54 164 95 69 45 28 94 54 40 97 43 54 419 185 234 57 315 117 198 71 40. 0 40. 0 38. 5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 40. 0 39.5 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 39.5 40. 5 4 0 .0 41. 0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 60.00 65.00 81.00 56.50 56.00 80.00 83.50 78.50 69.00 72.50 64.50 60.50 57.50 72.50 73.00 72.00 81.50 80.00 83.00 86.00 92.00 81.50 92.00 76.50 82.50 72.50 86.50 2 2 _ . S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le , _ _ 4 4 _ _ - 3 . 8 . 8 9 3 _ . . _ 3 _ 52 52 _ 2 2 9 9 1 1 _ - 85 85 _ " 24 7 17 5 4 18 8 10 " 3 3 11 11 _ _ - - _ - _ - 5 84 81 _ 12 1 11 5 1 - 1 6 6 2 2 24 3 21 _ _ 9 10 _ 48 44 7 7 32 21 11 9 3 11 8 3 3 1 2 11 1 10 58 16 42 4 4 2 3 11 2 20 15 9 2 7 31 24 7 2 2 9 7 2 8 7 1 51 19 32 3 44 15 29 5 3 _ " 1 2 4 5 13 6 10 1 9 20 12 8 3 2 11 10 1 11 5 6 34 13 21 1 22 4 18 12 _ 4 4 1 7 4 5 5 1 2 5 3 _ _ 1 2 5 5 12 6 6 17 14 3 1 1 11 7 4 7 2 5 74 16 58 9 43 18 25 5 8 6 1 1 _ 10 8 4 2 _ 4 4 4 2 _ 1 11 10 13 13 3 1 5 13 6 _ _ 1 1 _ 1 4 3 3 21 6 15 6 5 1 1 " 16 5 11 21 14 7 54 23 31 7 14 4 10 8 1 1 . " 6 5 1 5 5 3 “ 2 1 1 3 1 2 31 13 18 7 6 2 4 4 3 _ . 3 3 _ " 2 2 1 1 " 1 - 7 . $ 125. 00 and over 5 1 4 5 1 4 1 1 2 2 31 13 18 38 21 17 5 22 8 14 13 1 34 17 17 13 63 45 18 18 2 2 10 10 " _ 10 6 4 6 6 16 10 6 2 6 6 6 3 2 2 2 _ 2 1 1 1 . 7 2 _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 4 1 3 _ _ " ■ _ ~ 15 5 10 4 1 1 - _ . -• _ _ _ . _ _ . . _ " _ - 1 1 _ • 52 45 7 4 _ - _ _ . " “ ■ 3 2 1 1 1 1 - _ _ _ - _ - - - " ■ _ - 1 1 1 _ - 5 Table A-l. Office Occupatbns-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , San B e r n a r d in o — i v e r s i d e — n t a r io , C a lif. , N o v e m b e r 1959) R O NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55.00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 120.00 Weekly1 earnings 1 Weekly hours (Standard) and (Standard) 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 _90,_00 95.00 100.00 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 Average Sex, occupation, and in d u stry divisio n W omen— C ontinued S w itchboard o p e r a to r s _________________________________ M a n u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------------------------N o n m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------------------Sw itchboard o p e ra to r-re c e p tio n ists ----------------------------M a n u fa c tu rin g __________________________ -____ -______ N o n m an u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------------------T y p ists, c la ss A _______________________________________ ................................ ____________ N o n m an u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------------------T y p ists, c la s s B ____________________________________________ ___ ____ t i l TT T ig - N o n m an u factu rin g ----------------------------------------------------1 2 of workers 97 28 69 92 49 43 61 32 29 27 3 85 188 40. 5 $72. 00 40. 0 82. 50 40. 5 68. 00 40. 0 64. 50 4 0 .0 68:65" 40. 0 60. 50 4 0 .0 70. 00 4 0 .0 74. 00 40. 0 65.50 40. 0 62. 50 40. 0 69. 50 40. 0 59. 00 1 1 2 2 - 9 9 9 _ 9 _ _ _ _ - - 4 2 2 8 _ 8 11 2 9 20 10 10 3 _ 3 59 8 51 17 1 16 5 4 1 9 4 5 83 28 55 8 2 6 22 11 11 15 4 11 36 9 27 1 1 " 9 3 6 10 6 4 34 2 32 2 1 1 6 5 1 12 9 3 11 6 5 9 9 3 3 14 14 3 2 1 3 1 2 “ - 1 1 9 1 3 3 1 1 - 6 6 8 4 4 2 2 “ 28 28 - 8 16 12 4 - - 6 6 ~ “ ” 4 "4 1 1 - ■ . _ - - - - ~ - - - $ 125. 00 and over - - - - - - - - - ~ “ - - - - “ " - - " ■ “ - S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , San B e r n a r d in o — i v e r s i d e — n t a r io , C a lif. , N o v e m b e r 1959) R O Average Sex, occupation, and in d u stry d ivisio n M en D raftsm en , s e n io r __________________ ________________ M a n u fa c tu rin g ---------------------------------------------------------N o n m an u factu rin g ---------------------------------------------------Piihli r* u tilities 3 ............ D raftsm en , ju n io r -------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu rin g ------------------------------------------------------N o n m an u fa c tu rin g ---------------------------------------------------W omen N u rse s, in d u stria l (re g iste re d ) ----------------------------------M a n u fa c tu rin g ---------------------------------------------------------- Number of workers 116 88 28 28 58 32 26 29 26 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 80.00 85. 00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 130. 00 135.00 140.00 145. 00 150. 00 155. 00 and 80. 00 under 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 105.00 n o . oo 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 130. 00 135. 00 140.00 145. 00 150. 00 155. 00 160. 00 85. 00 Weekly Weekly U nder hours 1 earnings 1 (Standard) (Standard) $ 40. 0 $134. 00 4 0 .0 140.50 40. 0 113. 50 40. 0 113.50 40. 0 98. 50 40. 0 101.00 40. 0 95. 00 40. 0 40. 0 96. 50 99. 00 - 1 1 5 1 3 4 3 ----- 3 - 1 2 ■ 6 6 _ - 44 4 4 4 ~ 2 2 2 10 5 5 4 3 2 2 - 10 8 2 2 15 5 10 3 2 1 1 2 2 - 6 6 2 2 _ 4 3 1 l i - 3 2 1 1 13 1 12 12 4 4 6 5 1 1 13 8 5 - - - _ _ 8 8 • 1 1 ■ 9 5 1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 6 at $ 1 6 0 to $ 1 7 0 ; 3 at $ 1 7 0 to $ 1 8 0 ; 8 at $ 1 8 0 to $ 1 9 0 ; 1 at $ 1 9 0 and o v e r . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 3 at $ 6 5 to $ 7 0 ; 1 at $ 7 0 to $ 7 5 . $ 160. 00 and over 2 2 - 6 6 - 2 2 - 3 3 - 2 18 18 - 2 - ----- T ~ “ - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ 31 31 - _ ■ * 6 Table A -3. M aintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, San Bernardino—R iverside-O ntario, Calif. , Novem ber 1959) Occupation and industry division Number of worken Average $ hourly . 1 • 50 earning* and < 1.70 $ 1.60 under 1.60 -i.a-7.CL_ _L $ 1.80 $ 1.90 N U M B E R OF W ORKERS REC EIV IN G STRAIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EA R N IN G 8 OF— $ $ $ i $ $ $ S 2.00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2.40 _2*_20_ 2. 30 2 .50 ~ " “ ■ * “ “ 5 5 41 1 4 3.01 3.00 3. 09 3.09 - _ ■ _ ■ _ ■ _ ■ . - _ ■ _ ■ 4 4 “ 3 3 ■ 3 3 ~ 34 2.86 _ _ . _ . _ _ _ 44 31 2.42 2 .5 4 1 ■ 2 " " “ 3 3 17 9 134 85 $ 2 .6 7 2.75 E lectrician s, m aintenance ---- — --------------------M anufacturing ——— N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 ________________________ 334 302 32 32 E ngineers, stationary — ----- ----------------------------F irem en, stationary boiler —----- --------- ---- -— — M anufacturing ---------------------------------------------- 1 1 ■ 1 1 2.70 *2.80 * 2.90 -3 a M _ ” C arpenters, m aintenance -------------------------------M anufacturing --------------------------- -------------- 2.60 8 3.00 t 3. 10 —2u l0— 3. 20 and over 34 32 37 35 4 4 ■ “ 3 - - m 5 5 " 50 50 - 13 13 • 218 208 10 10 37 15 22 22 1 1 * 13 3 _ . _ 13 4 1 ■ “ 2 2 16 16 ■ ■ " * 282 128 _ . _ _ . i 6 t 6 2 1 1 3 9 58 - - - ■ - - “ 1 1 1 1 14 7 2 2 4 4 63 63 15 12 193 193 5 - 1 1 . “ _ ■ . " _ " _ ■ _ - - 4 4 4 9 9 8 2 1 1 1 3 3 ■ 10 2 8 8 9 5 4 4 27 21 6 6 29 21 8 8 12 9 3 3 64 64 - _ - . - 2.86 _ _ 9 . _ ■ . ■ _ ■ _ 24 24 _ ~ ” 15 15 40 40 to 20 45 44 47 40 U t 242 2 2 * 44 43 2. 33 2. 33 _ _ _ _ 2 2 5 5 20 19 14 14 _ _ _ _ ■ 3 3 _ " _ " _ * _ ■ ~ " - P ainters, m a in ten a n c e ----- — ---- ---------------------M anufacturing -------------------------— .....— . — _ 65 52 2.62 2.65 . • _ “ _ _ _ 17 7 13 12 5 5 20 19 5 5 1 1 . " 3 3 . ■ _ " P ip efitters, m aintenance —---- ---------- ---- ---------M anufacturing 102 102 2 .84 2.84 . . . . . 5 5 . . 4 4 4 4 79 79 10 10 H elpers, trad es, m aintenance --------------— ------- 484 2. 36 M achinists, m aintenance —— ----------------- --------M anufacturing----------------------------------------------- 299 284 2. 98 2. 99 - M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) ------------M anufacturing —------- —— — ______ ........ N onm anufacturing____ — ---------------------- ------Public u tilities 2 ------------------------------------ 169 126 43 42 2. 83 2.91 2.58 2.58 M echanics, m aintenance —--------------------— ------M anufacturing --------- -------— . — ________ _— .. 444 427 o r ■ M anufacturing ---------------------------------------------- Qilers ______________________________________________________ " _ ■ _ . " ■ . 1 E xcludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. _ . 1 - 7 Table A -4. Custodial and M ate rial Movem ent Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, San Bernardino~Riverside-Ontario, C a lif., November 1959) N U M B E R OF W O RK ERS R EC E IV IN G ST R A IG H T -T IM E HOURLY E A R N IN G S OF— Number of workers Average $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ * , $ $ $ $ $ $ t $ $ hourly . earnings 4 1 .0 0 1. 10 1 .20 1. 30 1 .40 1. 50 1 .6 0 1.70 1.80 1 .90 2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2 .7 0 2. 80 2 .9 0 3. 00 and r t o 1 .20 1 .30 1 .40 1 .50 1 .60 1 .70 1.80 1 .90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2 .9 0 3. 00 3. 10 Guards M anu facturing---------------------------------------------- 136 l2 4 $2 . 38 2. 66 * * • ■ ■ “ “ ‘ 3 3 5 5 10 10 4 4 25 21 5 5 11 16 " 73 66 Jan itors, p o rters, and c le a n e r s -----------—-------M anu facturing_______________________________ N on m an ufacturing_____________ _____________ P ublic u tilitie s 3 -................................................. 365 146 175 39 1.83 1.46 1.67 2. 03 27 2 25 * 5 5 ■ 17 2 15 “ 20 20 2 2 " 9 6 4 “ 9 4 5 2 32 26 4 2 41 15 26 6 16 16 ■ 87 64 50 12 87 42 15 15 9 4 2 2 1 1 " 3 1 2 * _ “ L ab orers, m a terial handling __________________ M anufacturing -________________ ______________ N on m an ufacturing---------------------------------------- 186 111 75 1 ,96 2 .7 5 1.83 _ - 4 4 4 4 16 16 - 8 8 14 4 5 5 6 2 12 12 ■ 12 12 ■ 9 6 l 12 11 1 10 3 7 31 19 12 34 34 “ 9 9 - O rder fille r s ________________ —_________________ M anu facturing---------------------------------------------- 125 29 1 .73 T I T _ . “ 80 “ . “ . ■ 8 6 3 3 _ ■ 2 2 1 1 11 lb 7 6 3 3 P a ck ers, shipping ____________—----------------------M anu facturing_______________________________ ... 57 2 .2 6 2. 26 _ _ _ _ _ _ ■ R eceiving c le r k s ____________——_______________ N on m an ufacturing---------------------------------- ----- 31 ~ 8 ----- 1.99 1.47 “ “ - . _ - - - - O ccupation 1 and industry d ivision - “ “ _ . “ " . Shipping and receiv in g cle r k s . . . . . . ____________ 32 2 .4 2 _ T ruckd rivers 4 --------------------------------------------------M anu facturing_______________ _______________ N on m an ufacturing_____________—____________ P ublic u tilitie s 3 ________________________ _ 751 533 218 30 2. 54 2.62 2. 33 2. 33 * Truckdrivers, light (under l*/i tons; _____ _ 39 1.95 Truckdrivers, medium ( l 1/* to and including 4 tons) . . . ____________ _________ ___ Manufacturing_________________ ___________ Nonmanufacturing . . . . . ___. . . . . . . __ . . . . . . . . . . 46 86 - 38 2 .06 1.96 2. 17 224 2 .7 0 - Truckers, power (forklift) —----------------------------Manufacturing________________________________ Nonmanufacturing . . . . ____ ________ ______. . . . . 247 176 71 2. 62 - 2. 35 • " Truckers, power (other than forklift) --------- . . . 91 2 .4 2 _ _ Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, ---------------------trailer type) --------------------Manufacturing____________________________ 1 2 3 4 “1 7 2 — T 6 T - _ “ 5 5 _ ■ “ _ 10 1 _ _ * “ ■ “ “ . " _ “ “ “ 6 6 6 6 “ 2 2 - - - 8 6 n o 169 5 .... i l " 164 63 1 “ “ ■ 1 1 “ _ _ _ _ 1 1 - - " - “ - 5 5 106 46 - “ 25 25 14 14 _ . " - ' 6 6 6 — r 1 6 ■ _ “ 5 4 4 4 _ - - _ - 6 6 1 “ _ - _ _ _ _ m _ _ 3 4 4 16 3 2 2 “ - - 5 5 ” 20 11 9 ■ 40 l5 25 " 13 13 2 2 " 14 16 4 35 12 23 20 12 8 36 6f 5 41 66 11 137 99 38 100 91 9 . _ 3 13 _ 4 _ 2 . - . - - 10 10 12 “ - ■ “ ■ 12 “ 3 4 6 l ? 1 4 ...... 2 - - - 1 - 3 1 16 -------- 5 r 11 15 9 23 24 ~ 2 2 “ 96 14 12 _ 1 1 . 1 4 8 l 7 3 4 11 “ 5 5 _ _ _ _ 5 6 1 2 * - _ 4 2 * - 5 26 8 18 - _ 3 13 9 4 1 1 - 2 2 2 - " 4 3 3 - “ Data limited to men workers. Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. * ■ . - “ ■ 1 1 - - 4 4 “ 3 2. 33 2 2 _ 9 - _ ■ • “ _ “ . - “ 5 - “ _ . - * ■ 2 . " . _ “ ■ " “ . - * 3 _ * 11 * 1 ■ IT ’ “ 4 “ 2 2 26 ■ 4 8 16 2 12 * 87 — 57“ 2 ........2 ' " 48 _ - “ “ - ■ _ “ . _ . 29 - 29 _ - ■ * - ■ _ “ * _ _ - - “ 8 B* Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Shift Differentials ( P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r s h ift w o r k , a n d in e s t a b lis h m e n t s a c t u a ll y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h ift s b y t y p e an d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t ia l , San B e r n a r d i n o — i v e r s i d e — n t a r io , C a li f. , N o v e m b e r 1959) R O In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r — In e s t a b lis h m e n t s a c t u a ll y o p e r a tin g — S h ift d i f f e r e n t ia l S e c o n d sh ift w ork T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift w o r k S e c o n d sh ift T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift 19. 7 13. 0 T o t a l --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 89. 3 87. 7 W ith s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t ia l ___________________________ 89. 3 87. 7 19. 7 13. 0 7 9 .4 6 3. 1 17. 6 1 1 .9 3 c e n t s ___________________________________________ 5 c e n t s ___________________________________________ 7 c e n t s -----------------------------------------------------------------7 V 2 c e n t s ------------------------------------------------------------8 c e n t s -----------------------------------------------------------------10 c e n t s __________________________________________ 11 c e n t s __________________________________________ 12 c e n t s __________________________________________ 1 3 c e n t s __________________________________________ 14 c e n t s __________________________________________ 16 c e n t s __________________________________________ 24 c e n t s ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 .8 8. 3 1. 1. 1 48. 0 1. 1 17. 5 - 1. 8 1. 1 8. 3 1. 5 44. 1 1. 1 2. 9 1. 1 1. 2 . 3 2. 2 .4 . 2 10. 8 . 3 3 .4 - U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ----------------------------------------------- 6. 9 5. 0 1. 6 5 p e r c e n t ------------------------------------------------------------10 p e r c e n t __________________________ __________ 6. 9 - _ 5. 0 1. 6 - 1. 1 - .4 - 1 .9 2. 3 17. 3 . 1 .7 U n ifo r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _____ _________________ F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s _______________ F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s , p lu s c e n t s d i f f e r e n t i a l --------------------------- --------------- _ O t h e r f o r m a l p a id d i f f e r e n t i a l ___________________ N o s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l _________________ 6 - - - _ . 1 .8 . 3 9 .8 . 6 . 1 .2 .4 _ .4 ___________ ' 1 I n c lu d e s e s t a b l is h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t in g la t e th o u g h t h e y w e r e n ot c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t in g la t e s h i ft s . ‘ s h ifts , a n d e s t a b l is h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g la t e s h ift s even 9 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for W om en O ffice W orkers ( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s o f i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , S a n B e r n a r d i n o — i v e r s i d e —O n t a r io , C a l i f . , N o v e m b e r 1959) R I n e x p e rie n ce d ty p ists A ll in d u s tr ie s M in im u m w e e k l y s a l a r y 1 O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g M a n u fa c t u r in g B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— 40 A ll sch ed u le s M a n u fa c t u r in g A ll in d u s tr ie s A ll sch ed u le s B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s :5 o f— A ll sch ed u le s 40 N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g 40 A ll sch ed u le s 40 E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ---------------------------------------------------------------- 85 37 XXX 48 XXX 85 37 XXX 48 XXX E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m -----------------------$ 4 0 . 00 a n d u n d e r $ 4 2 . 50 -----------------------------------------------------$ 4 2 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 4 5 . 00 -----------------------------------------------------$ 4 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 7 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 4 7 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 5 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 -----------------------------------------------------$ 5 2. 50 a n d u n d e r $ 5 5 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 5 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 7 . 5 0 ____________________________________ $ 5 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 ____________________________________ $ 6 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 ____________________________________ $ 6 2 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 6 5 . 00 -----------------------------------------------------$ 6 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 7 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 6 7 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 7 0 . 00 -----------------------------------------------------$ 7 0 . 00 a n d u n d e r $ 7 2 . 50 -----------------------------------------------------$ 7 2 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 7 5. 00 ____________________________________ $ 7 5 . 00 a n d u n d e r $ 7 7 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 7 7 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 8 0 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 8 0 . 00 a n d o v e r _______________________________________________ E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m --------------------E s t a b li s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s in t h is c a t e g o r y __________________________________________________ 29 1 4 3 2 2 2 6 2 1 2 12 1 1 2 4 1 11 1 2 4 1 - 17 16 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 38 2 7 3 6 4 5 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 3 2 3 1 - 13 1 1 25 2 6 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 24 2 5 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 3 - - - - - 1 1 1 - 1 - 4 3 1 2 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 2 - XXX 3 XXX 51 23 XXX 28 XXX 1 1 - 3 2 3 1 1 1 - - 5 1 1 2 XXX 3 3 XXX 42 22 XXX 20 XXX 3 3 L o w e s t s a l a r y r a t e f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d f o r h i r in g in e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r t y p in g o r o t h e r c l e r i c a l j o b s . R a te s a p p lic a b le to m e s s e n g e r s , o f f ic e g ir ls , o r s im ila r s u b c le r ic a l jo b s a r e n ot c o n s id e r e d . H o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll w o r k w e e k s c o m b in e d , a n d f o r th e m o s t c o m m o n w o r k w e e k rep orted . Table B-3. Scheduled W e e k ly Hours ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , S a n B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r io , C a l i f . , N o v e m b e r 1959) OFFICE WORKERS W e e k ly h o u r s A l l w o r k e r s __________________________________________ 36 h o u r s ______________________________________________ 37 V 2 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------38 3/* h o u r s __________________________________________ 40 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 40 a n d u n d e r 44 h o u r s ______________________ 44 h o u r s ______________________________________________ O v e r 44 a n d u n d e r 48 h o u r s ______________________ 48 h o u r s ______________________________________________ 1 2 3 4 PLANT WORKERS All industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 100 100 100 100 1 1 1 87 1 5 1 3 (4) 2 95 (4) 2 ( 4) 1 . _ 1 98 (4) ( 4) _ _ 100 _ _ _ - Manufacturing I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 100 1 1 92 3 2 1 Public utilities 2 100 98 2 - 10 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, San Bernardino— Riverside— Ontario, Calif. , November 1959) O FFICE W RK O ERS Item A ll workers — - --------- M anufacturing P ublio utilities 2 100 100 100 99 99 100 A in stries 1 ll du ----- — — ------- — W orkers in establishments providing paid holidays ------- —------------------ . -----------W orkers in establishments providing no paid holidays . __ — _______________ — PLAN W RK T O ERS A in stries 3 ll du M anufacturing Publio utilities2 100 100 100 94 97 100 1 (4) " 6 3 ■ 1 3 1 14 2 _ (4) - 2 2 2 Number of days L e ss than 5 holidays — — ----------------------5 holidays _ — — ------- — — - — ---------5 holidays plus 1 half day __ ------------- ------- __ 6 holidays ___ , __________________ — . ------------------_ 6 holidays plus 1 half d a y ---------------------------------6 holidays plus 2 half d a y s ------------------------------7 holidays ------- — - ------------- — ------ — 8 holidays ___________ .,, ..... ......, ........... 8 holidays plus 1 half d a y ----------------- 1--------------9 h o lid a y s ___________________________________ ____ ------— — 9 holidays plus 1 half d a v ----- 2 48 17 4 5 4 1 2 13 5 71 5 - - 43 34 22 - - 3 (4 ) 19 1 - 54 13 2 - 1 15 2 - 74 2 - ” _ 2 - 62 28 8 " Total holiday timo 5 O l/j d ay. or m ore days — —----------- — ---------------------------8 l /z or m ore d a y s ----------------------------------------------8 or m ore d a y s ------------------------------------------ --------7 or m ore d a y s ----------- —------------------- ---------------6l /g or m ore d a y s --------------------------------------------- . 6 or m ore days _________ - — ... ... — ~ 5 l /z or m ore d a y s ------------ -------------- ------------------5 or m ore days ---------—-------------— ---------------------4 or m ore days — ----------------------------------------------3 or m ore d a y s ------ ------------------ -------------------------9 4 . . - - 10 - - - - 14 31 81 81 95 96 98 99 99 5 81 81 94 97 98 99 99 22 56 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2 14 68 69 89 89 92 93 94 2 75 77 93 93 95 96 97 . - 8 36 98 98 100 100 100 100 100 1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. * Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 5 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 L e ss than 0. 5 percent. * A ll combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. 11 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, San Bernardino’-R iverside-O ntario, C a lif ., November 1959) OFFICE WORKERS Vacation policy A ll workers ---------------------------------------------------------- All in dustries1 M anufacturing PLANT WORKERS P ublio utilities2 All in u d stries3 M anufacturing P ublio u tilities2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 (4) - 100 99 (4) - 100 100 - 98 95 3 - 100 95 5 - 100 100 - * 2 - - _ M e th o d o f p aym en t W orkers in establishm ents providing paid vacations — — -----------------------------------------L ength-of-tim e p a y m e n t------ -----. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percentage payment ---------------------- ----------Other ------ - ---------------------------------- --------------W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid vacations ------------------------------— -- --------Am ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 8 A fter 6 months of service Under 1 week ------------------------------------------------ ----'1 week ___________________________________________ 2 weeks --------- -------------------------------------------------- _ 9 35 7 9 46 - 16 - 9 8 - 12 2 - 16 - 34 (4) 60 6 16 (4) 63 20 81 19 - 80 2 8 8 77 4 4 15 87 . 13 - 4 4 85 6 (4) 5 75 20 (4) _ 19 81 - 39 10 41 8 - 63 2 20 15 - 4 39 57 . 3 . 91 6 4 76 20 _ _ 100 . 8 20 62 8 9 37 39 15 4 _ 96 . (4) (4 ) - - - - 2 89 6 2 3 76 20 _ 99 . 7 78 15 (4 ) (4 ) 5 78 8 7 _ 98 . 2 A fter 1 year of service 1 week ---------------------------------- ----------------- v ... Over 1 and under 2 weeks - ------------------ —-----— 2 weeks ____________. . . ___ ___ ____ ____ ___________ _ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ________ - -- --------------- After 2 years of service 1 week ------------------ ----- ------------------- . . . . Over 1 and under 2 weeks -------------------------------2 weeks ___ ___ _______________________________ ____ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ----------- ------ ---------- — 3 w eek . ---------------------------------------------------------------- - After 3 years of service 1 week Over 1 and under 2 weeks -----------------------------. . . 2 weeks ...... _________ __________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ----------------------. . . . . 3 w eek . ---------------------------------------------------------------- After 5 years of service 1 w e e k .................... .... ....... ............... ......... ......... ........... 2 w eeks ______________________ _____ Over 2 and under 3 weeks — ------- --------------- See footnotes at end of table, 12 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, San Bernardino— Riverside— Ontario, Calif. , November 1959) OFFICE WORKERS V acation p o licy All industries1 Manufacturing PLANT WORKERS Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 Amount of vacatiopi pay ~ Continued A fter 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ------------ ---------------------------------2 w eek s -------------- -----------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ____________________ 3 w eek s ----------------------------------------------- 2 58 14 26 1 37 44 18 A fter 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w e e k __________________________________________ 2 w eek s ____________________ ____________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ____________________ 3 w eek s _____________________________ 2 18 80 1 22 77 100 2 18 71 1 22 74 - A fter 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _-_______ ______________ ______ 2 w eek s --------------------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ______________ 3 w eek s ________________________________________ 4 w eek s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 9 2 2 1 22 A fter 25 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 u rp o lr w eek s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ____________________________ 3 w eek s _________________________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s ------------------------------------------4 w eek s ______________________________________________________ 2 13 - 60 7 19 - 36 23 17 57 43 _ - - - 73 27 _ - 58 42 _ 3 44 27 23 34 51 12 80 20 3 17 2 76 3 17 3 77 _ _ _ 3 17 2 3 17 3 69 7 76 17 3 17 2 44 17 15 3 100 _ _ _ 90 1 10 3 _ _ 3 33 32 82 12 _ 18 1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 L e ss than 0. 5 percent. 5 Periods of service were arbitrarily chosen and do not n ecessarily reflect the individual provisions for progressions. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years' service include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. NOTE: In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length of time, " such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-su m payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. 13 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f it s , S a n B e r n a r d in o H E U v e r s id e —O n t a r io , C a l i f . , N o v e m b e r 1 95 9) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS T y p e o f b e n e fit A l l w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------------- Manufacturing Public utilities 100 100 100 100 100 100 91 93 81 78 92 57 50 84 64 65 82 45 80 84 100 66 72 55 23 All industries1 All industries3 Manufacturing Public utilities2 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g : L i f e i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------------------------------A c c id e n ta l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e --------------------------------------------------------S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 4 ----------------------------------------S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ----------S ic k l e a v e ( f u l l p a y a n d n o w a it in g p e r i o d ) ------------------------------------------S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r w a i t in g p e r i o d ) ------------------------------------------- 27 34 32 31 40 71 84 69 45 57 37 5 - 24 14 10 12 H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n in s u r a n c e ___________ ________ _ S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e _____________________________ M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ___________________ _________ C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e ________________________ R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n __________________ _____ ___ N o h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n ____ 94 94 76 64 74 3 95 95 94 54 84 86 86 86 88 88 94 94 93 82 82 80 63 55 1 2 3 4 1 53 81 87 54 64 7 60 78 3 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in a d d ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k le a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e l o w . S i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e th e m in i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . I n f o r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m i n e d o n a n in d iv i d u a l b a s i s a r e lim it e d to e x clu d e d . t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l i s h a t le a s t 15 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to a s s is t its field staff in classify in g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to area. T his is essen tial in order to perm it the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. B ecause of this em phasis on interestablishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’s field econom ists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped Workers, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statem ents, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typew riter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b illers, m achine, are classified by type of machine, as follow s: Biller, machine (billing machine)— Uses a sp ecial billing ma chine (Moon H opkins, E llio tt F ish er, Burroughs, e tc ., which are com bination typing and adding m achines) to prepare bills and in voices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. U sually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)— U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrarid, E llio tt F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. G enerally in volves the sim ultaneous entry of figures on custom ers’ ledger rec ord. The machine autom atically accum ulates figures on a number of vertical columns and com putes and usually prints autom atically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slip s. O perates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E llio tt F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs, N ational C ash R egister, with or w ithout a typew riter keyboard) to keep a record of bu sin ess tran sactio n s. Class A— Keeps a se t of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in b asic bookkeeping principles and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. D eterm ines proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated rep o rts, balance sh eets, and other records by hand. Class B— K eeps a record of one or more phases or sectio n s of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of b asic book keeping* P h ases or sectio n s include accounts payable, payroll, custom ers’ accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing described under biller, machine), co st distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or a s s is t in preparation of tria l balances and prepare control sh eets for the accounting departm ent. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sectio n s of a com plete se t of books or records relating to one phase of an e sta b lish m ent's b usiness tran sactio n s. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 16 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— ‘Continued payable; exam ining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assig n ation s and allo catio n s. May a s s is t in preparing, ad justing and closing journal en tries; may direct c la ss B accounting clerks. Class B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting sim ple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher reg isters; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting sim ple co st accounting d ata. T his job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional b asis among several w orkers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes w ages of company em ployees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sh e e ts. D uties involve: C alculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; posting calcu lated data on payroll sh eet, showing information such as w orker's name, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total w ages due. May make out paychecks and a s s is t paym aster in making up and d istrib ut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathem a tic al com putations. This job is not to be confused with that of s ta tis tic al or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tom eter but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance of other duties. CLERK, FILE Class A— In an estab lish ed filing system containing a num ber of varied su bject m atter file s, c la ssifie s and indexes co rres pondence or other m aterial; may aliso file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating m aterial in the file s. May per form incidental clerical d u ties. Class B— Performs routine filing, usually of m aterial th at h as already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or lo cates or a s s is ts in locating m aterial in file s. May perform incidental clerical d u ties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives customers* orders for m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. D uties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to custom ers; making out an order sh eet listin g the item s to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of item s on order sheet; distributing order sh eets to respective departm ents to be filled . May check with credit departm ent to determ ine credit rating of custom er, acknowledge receipt of orders from custom ers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory resp o n si b ilitie s, reproduces m ultiple copies of typew ritten or handw ritten matter, using a Mimeograph or D itto m achine. Makes n ecessary adjustm ent such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare ste n c il or D itto m aster. May keep file of used ste n c ils or D itto m asters. May sort, co llate, and staple com pleted m aterial. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory resp o n si b ilitie s, records accounting and sta tis tic a l data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a sp ecified sequence, using an alphabetical or a num erical keypunch m achine, following w ritten in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch card s. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Perform s various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office m achines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. 17 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad m inistrative or executive position. D uties include making appointm ents for superior; receiving people coming into office; answ ering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential m ail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiativ e; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing m achine. May prepare sp ecial reports or memorandums for inform ation of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter. May also type from w ritten copy. May also se t up and keep files in or der, keep sim ple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-m achine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine, involving a varied technical or sp ecialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter. May also type from w ritten copy. May also se t up and keep files in order, keep sim ple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR O perates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone sw itchboard. D uties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office c a lls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see sw itchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type sw itchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. T his typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’s time w hile at sw itchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A— O perates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting m achines, typically including such m achines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignm ents without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The com plete reporting and tabulating assignm ents typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of step s to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagram s and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-m achine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-m achine operators. Class B— O perates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting m achines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. T his work is performed under specific instructions and may include the perform ance of some wir ing from diagram s. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting ex ercise, a com plete but sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are w ell estab lish ed . May also include the training of new em ployees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— O perates sim ple tabulating or electrical account ing m achines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include sim ple wiring from diagram s and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-m achine records. May also type from w ritten copy and do sim ple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine is classified as a stenographer, general. 18 TYPIST TYPIST—-Continued U ses a typew riter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of s te n c ils , m ats, or sim ilar m aterials for use in duplicat ing p ro cesses. May do clerical work involving little sp ecial training, such as keeping sim ple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming m ail. Class A— Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, sy llab icatio n , punc- tuation, etc ., of tech n ical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of com plicated s ta tis tic a l tab les to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying d etails to su it circum stances. Class B— Perform s one or more of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licies, etc.; setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already se t up and spaced properly. P R O FE S SIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (A ssistan t draftsm an) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by d rafts man or others for engineering, construction, or m anufacturing purposes. U ses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare draw ings from sim ple plans or sk etch es, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsm an. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER P lans and d irects activ ities of one or more draftsm en in prep aration of working plans and d etail drawings from rough or prelim inary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. D uties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sk etches, and w ritten or verbal orders; determ ining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problem s. May a s s is t subordinates during em ergencies or as a regular assignm ent, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad m inistrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and d etail draw ings from n o tes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur p o ses. D uties involve a combination of the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail draw ings, maps, cro ss-sectio n s, etc ., to scale by use of drafting instrum ents; making engineering com putations such as those DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength of m aterials, beam s and tru sse s; verifying com pleted work, checking dim ensions, m aterials to be used, and q u an tities; writing sp ecificatio n s; making adjustm ents or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil draw ings, prepare d etail units of com plete draw ings, or trace draw ings. Work is frequently in a sp ecialized field such as architectural, electrical, m echanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing serv ice to ill or injured em ployees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the prem ises of a factory or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of p atients treated; preparing accident reports for com pensation or other purposes; conducting physical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environm ent, or other activ ities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of a ll personnel. TRACER Copies plans and draw ings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p en cil. U ses T -square, com pass, and other drafting to o ls. May prepare sim ple draw ings and do sim ple lettering. 19 MAINTENANCE D POW ERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Perform s the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipm ent such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, sta irs, casin g s, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’s handtools, portable power too ls, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work; selectin g m aterials nec essary for the work. In general, the work of the m aintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. F ires stationary boilers to furnish the establishm ent in which employed with heat, power, or steam . F eeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks w ater and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a s s is t in repairing boilerroom equipm ent. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Perform s a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installatio n , m aintenance, or repair of equipm ent for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipm ent such as generators, transform ers, sw itchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transm ission equipment; working from blueprints, draw ings, lay out, or other specifications;.locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipm ent; working standard com putations relating to load requirem ents of wiring or electrical equipm ent; using a variety of electrician ’s handtools and m easuring and testin g instrum ents. In gen eral, the work of the m aintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY O perates and m aintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary ^ engines and equipm ent (m echanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishm ent in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: O perating and m aintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors*, turbines, ventilating ana refrigerating equipm ent, steam boilers and boiler-fed w ater pumps; making equipm ent repairs; keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consum ption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled m aintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of le sse r sk ill, such as keeping a worker supplied with m aterials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipm ent; assistin g worker by holding m aterials or tools; performing other unskilled task s as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform sp ecialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-tim e b asis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM S pecializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling m achines in the construction of m achine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fixtures, or d ies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing item s requiring com plicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety ol pre cision m easuring instrum ents; selectin g feeds, sp eed s, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustm ents during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of m etal parts of m echanical equipment operated in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting w ritten instructions and sp ecificatio n s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma ch in ist’s handtools and precision m easuring instrum ents; settin g up and 20 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of m etal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of m achining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common m etals; selectin g standard m aterials, p arts, and equipm ent required for his work; fitting and assem bling parts into me chanical equipm ent. In general, the m achinist’s work normally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) R epairs autom obiles, b u ses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Examining autom otive equipm ent to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipm ent and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as w renches, gauges, d rills, or sp ecialized equipm ent in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making n ecessary adjustm ents; alining w heels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the autom otive m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE R epairs m achinery or m echanical equipm ent of an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Examining m achines and m echan ic a l equipm ent to diagnose source of trouble; dism antling or partly d is m antling m achines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with item s obtained from stock; ordering the production of a rep lace ment part by a m achine shop or sending of the machine to a m achine shop for major repairs; preparing w ritten sp ecificatio n s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling ma chines; and making a ll n ecessary adjustm ents for operation. In general, the work of a m aintenance m echanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classificatio n are workers whose primary duties involve settin g up or adjusting m achines. MILLWRIGHT In stalls new m achines or heavy equipm ent and dism antles and in sta lls m achines or heavy equipm ent when changes in die plant layout MILLWRIGHT— Continued are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations re lating to stre s se s , strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipm ent; selectin g standard tools, equipm ent, and parts to be used; installin g and m aintaining in good order power transm ission equipm ent such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m ill w right’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER L ubricates, with oil or g rease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of m echanical equipm ent of an establishm ent. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE P aints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an e s tablishm ent. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu lia rities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and in terstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils, w hite lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the m aintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE In stalls or repairs w ater, steam , g as, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and m easuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other w ritten sp ecificatio n s; cutting various siz e s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven m achines; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop com putations relating to p ressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making standard te sts to determ ine whether finished pipes meet sp ecificatio n s. In general, the work of the m aintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. 21 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installatio n of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installin g or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’s snake. In general, the work of the m aintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE F ab ricates, in sta lls, and m aintains in good repair the sheetm etal equipm ent and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) of an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay ing out a ll types of sheet-m etal m aintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other sp ecificatio n s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal-w orking m achines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installin g sheetm etal articles as required. In general, the work of the m aintenance sheet-m etal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (D iem aker; jig maker; toolm aker; fixture maker; gauge maker) C onstructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and w ritten sp ecificatio n s; using a variety of tool and die maker’s handtools and precision m eas uring instrum ents, understanding of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; settin g up and operating of machine tools and related equipm ent; making n ecessary shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work, sp eed s, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heattreating of m etal parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required q u alities; working to clo se tolerances; fitting and assem bling of £ arts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selectin g appropriate m aterials, tools, and p ro cesses. In general, the tool and die maker’s work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued T ransports passengers betw een floors of an office building, apartm ent house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ilar establishm ent. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing m etal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor m ainte nance serv ices; cleaning lavatories, show ers, and restroom s. Workers who sp ecialize in window w ashing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police d u ties, either a t fixed post or on tour, m aintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary . Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress) C leans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washroom s, or prem ises of an office, apartm ent house, or commercial (Loader and unloader; handler and stack er; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehousem an or w arehouse helper) A worker employed in a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, store, or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or more of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or 22 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; tran s porting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; w arehouse stockm an) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored m erchandise in accordance with specifications on sa le s slip s, customers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, req u isi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING P repares finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, siz e, and number of units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipm ent. Work requires the placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various item s of stock in order to verify content; selectio n of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent breakage or dam age; closing and sealing container; applying lab els or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares m erchandise for shipm ent, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipm ents of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, p ractices, routes, available m eans of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting w eight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a s s is t in preparing the m erchandise for shipm ent. Receiving work involves: V eri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipm ents ag ain st b ills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper de partm ents; m aintaining necessary records and file s. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER D rives a truck within a city or ind u strial area to transport ma terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or men betw een various types of e sta b lishm ents such as: M anufacturing p lants, freight depots, w arehouses, w holesale and retail establishm ents, or betw een retail establishm ents and custom ers’ houses or places of b u sin ess. May also load or unload truck with or w ithout helpers, make minor m echanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on the b asis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons) Truckdriver, medium (1V2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER O perates a manually controlled g aso lin e- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of a ll kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent. For wage study purposes, workers are c lassified by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property ag ain st fire, theft, and illeg al entry. * U .S . G OVER N M ENT P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : 19 6 0 0 — 5 4 4 2 2 7 Occupational Wage Surveys O c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s a r e b e i n g c o n d u c t e d in 6 0 m a j o r la b o r m a r k e t s d u r in g l a t e 1 9 5 9 a n d e a r l y I 9 6 0 . T h e s e b u l l e t i n s , w h e n a v a i l a b l e , m a y b e p u r c h a s e d fr o m t h e S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U . S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n 2 5 , D . C . , o r fr o m a n y o f t h e B L S r e g i o n a l s a le s o ff ic e s sh o w n b e lo w . A s u m m a r y b u l l e t i n c o n t a i n i n g d a t a f o r a l l la b o r m a r k e t s , c o m b in e d w it h a d d i t i o n a l a n a l y s i s , w i l l b e i s s u e d e a r l y in 1 9 6 1 . B u lle t in s fo r th e a r e a s l i s t e d b e lo w a r e n o w a v a ila b le . C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , S e p t e m b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 1 , p r i c e 2 0 c e n t s S e a t t l e , W a s h ., A u g u s t 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 2 , p r i c e 2 5 c e n t s D a l l a s , T e x ., O c to b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u ll. 1 2 6 5 - 3 , p r ic e 2 0 c e n t s B u f f a l o , N . Y . , O c t o b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 4 , p r i c e 2 0 c e n t s S t . L o u i s , M o ., O c t o b e r 1 9 5 9 — B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 5 , p r i c e 2 5 c e n t s M ia m i, F l a . , D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 6 , p r i c e 2 0 c e n t s B a l t i m o r e , M d ., S e p t e m b e r 1 9 5 9 — B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 7 , p r i c e 1 5 c e n t s B o s t o n , M a s s ., O c to b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 8 , p r ic e 2 5 c e n t s D a y t o n , O h i o , D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 9 , p r i c e 2 5 c e n t s C a n t o n , O h io , D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u l l . 1 2 6 5 - 1 0 , p r ic e 2 5 c e n t s D e n v e r , C o l o ., D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 9 —B L S B u ll. 1 2 6 5 - 1 1 , p r ic e 2 5 c e n t s
