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Occupational Wage Survey

RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
SEPTEMBER 1963

Bulletin No. 1385-7




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner




Occupational Wage Survey
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
SEPTEM BER 1963




B u lle tin N o. 1 3 8 5 -7
December 1963

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Governm ent Printing Office, W ashington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents




Contents

P refa ce

Page
The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual
occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is de­
signed to provide data on occupational earnings, and e s ­
tablishment practices and supplementary wage provisions.
It yields detailed data by selected industry divisions for
metropolitan area labor markets, for economic regions,
and for the United States. A major consideration in the
program is the need for greater insight into (a) the move­
ment of wages by occupational category and skill level,
and (b) the structure and level of wages among labor
markets and industry divisions.

Introduction______________________________________________________________
Wage trends for selected occupational groups _________________________
Tables:
1.
2.

B:

Eighty-two labor markets currently are included
in the program.
Information on occupational earnings is
collected annually in each area.
Information on estab­
lishment practices and supplementary wage provisions is
obtained biennially in most of the areas.
This bulletin presents results of the survey in
Raleigh, N. C. , in September 1963.
It was prepared in
the Bureau's regional office in Atlanta, Ga. , by William
L. Dansby, under the direction of Donald M. Cruse. The
study was under the general direction of Louis B. Woytych,
Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial
Relations.




Establishments and workers within scope of survey
and number studied_____________________________________________
Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time
hourly earnings for selected occupational groups,
and percents of increase for selected p erio d s________________

3

Occupational earnings:*
A - 1. Office occupations—men and women______________________
A - 2. Professional and technical occupations—m en_____________
A - 3. Office, professional, and technical occupations—
men and women combined_______________________
A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations________
A - 5. Custodial and material movement occupations___
Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:*
B -l.
Minimum entrance salaries forwomen office workers___
B -2 .
Shift differentials_________________________________________
B -3 .
Scheduled weekly hours___________ _______________________
B -4 .
Paid holidays_____________________________________________
B - 5. Paid vacations________ _____________
B -6 .
Health, insurance,and pension plans____________________
B -7 .
Paid sick le a v e ___________________________________________

9
10
11
12
13
15
16

Appendix:

Occupational descriptions___________________________________

* NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other
areas.
(See inside back cover.)
Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels in
the Raleigh area, are also available for seven selected
building trades.

HI

3

r- r- oo

A:
A preliminary report and an individual area
bulletin present survey results for each labor market
studied. After completion of all of the individual area
bulletins for a round of surveys, a two part summary
bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of
the labor markets studied into one bulletin.
The second
part presents information which has been projected from
individual labor market data to relate to economic regions
and the United States.

1
4

5
6

17




O c cu p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y —R a le ig h , N.C.
Introduction

as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules
(rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries
are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been
rounded to the nearest half dollar.

This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U. S. De­
partment of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of
occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis.
In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field
economists to representative establishments within six broad industry
divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, and other
public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and
real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these
studies are government operations and the construction and extractive
industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of
workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employ­
ment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabu­
lations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which
meet publication criteria.

Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which
both men and women are commonly employed may be due to such
factors as (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among in­
dustries and establishments; (2) differences in length of service or
merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis;
and (3) differences in specific duties performed, although the occu­
pations are appropriately classified within the same survey job de­
scription. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these
surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual
establishments. This allows for minor differences among establish­
ments in specific duties performed.

These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of
the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To
obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of
large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data,
however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s ­
timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore,
as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area,
except for those below the minimum size studied.

Occupational employment estimates represent the total in
all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number
actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure
among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment
obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to
indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differ­
ences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy
of the earnings data.

Occupations and Earnings
The occupations selected for study are common to a variety
of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the
following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical;
(c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move­
ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job
descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation
in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study
are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of
the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -series
tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small
to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi­
bility of disclosure of individual establishment data.

Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Information is presented (in the B -series tables) on selected
establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions as they
relate to office and plant workers. Administrative, executive, and
professional employees, and force-account construction workers who
are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. "Office workers"
include working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing
clerical or related functions. "Plant workers" include working foremen
and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) en­
gaged in nonoffice functions. Cafeteria workers and routemen are
excluded in manufacturing industries, but included in nonmanufacturing
industries.

Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for
full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule
in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre­
mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late
shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses
and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported,




Minimum entrance salaries (table B -l) relate only to the e s­
tablishments visited. They are presented in terms of establishments
with formal minimum entrance salary policies.
1

2

Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to plant workers
in manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in
terms of (a) establishment p olicy ,1 presented in terms of total plant
worker employment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of
workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the
survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount
applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority,
the classification ’’other" was used. In establishments in which some
late-shift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded
only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours.
The scheduled weekly hours (table B-3) of a majority of the
first-shift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to
all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays;
paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B -4
through B-7) are treated statistically on the basis that these are
applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers
are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums
of individual items in tables B -2 through B -7 may not equal totals
because of rounding.
Data on paid holidays (table B-4) are limited to data on
holidays granted annually on a formal basis; i. e. , (1) are provided
for in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holidays
ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a non­
workday, even if the worker is not granted another day off. The first
part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half
holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half
holidays to show total holiday time.
The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to
formal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off
with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate
estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing
vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings,
or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay,
payments not on a time basis were converted to a time basis; for
example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered
as the equivalent of 1 week's pay.
1
A n establishment was considered as having a p olicy if it m et either o f die following
conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time o f the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1 ) had operated late
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating
late shifts.




Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension
plans (tables B -6 and B-7) for which at least a part of the cost is
borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as
workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad retirement.
Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance
company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly
by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set
aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of
life insurance.
Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of
insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly
to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident
disability.
Information is presented for all such plans to which the
employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which
have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ­
ployer contributions,2 plans are included only if the employer (1) con­
tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee
with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations
of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans 3 which provide
full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work
because of illness.
Separate tabulations are presented according to
(1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans
which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to
the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided
sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated
total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits.
Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended
medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect
employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond
the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans.
Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial
payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com­
mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may
be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited
to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of
the worker's life.

2
The temporary disability laws
contributions.
9 An establishment was considered as
minimum number of days o f sick leave that
need not be written, but informal sick leave
excluded.

in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer
having a formal plan if it established at least the
could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan
allowances, determined on an individual basis, were

3

T a b le 1.

E sta b lish m e n ts and w o rk e rs w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber stu died in R a le igh , N. C . ,
M inim um
em ploym en t
in e s t a b lis h ­
m ents in s c o p e
o f study

In d u stry d iv is io n

by m a jo r in d u s try d iv is io n , 2 S e p te m b e r 1963

N um ber o f e sta b lish m e n ts

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts
W ithin s c o p e o f study

W ithin
scop e o f
study 3

Studied

Studied

O ffic e

T o ta l4

Plant

T o t a l4

A ll d i v i s i o n s ____________________________________________________

_

118

74

18, 100

3, 900

1 0 ,6 0 0

14, 250

M a n u fa ctu rin g___________________________ _______________________

50
"

37
81

27
47

6, 900
11, 200

500
3 ,4 0 0

5, 300
5, 300

5, 850
8, 400

50
50
50
50
50

13
16
26
19
7

11
7
13
11
5

3, 100
1, 500
3, 300
2 ,7 0 0
600

1, 300
(?)
(6)
(? )
(6 )

2, 950
730
2, 280
1, 920
520

T r a n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and
o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s 5 - — — ------------------ — — ------W h o le s a le t r a d e — ------- — — ----------------------- — — —
R e ta il t r a d e _______ — ______ _____ ________ ________ —
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ------------------------------S e r v i c e , • ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

500
(J)
(*)
(?)
(6 )

1 The R a le ig h Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f W ake County. The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s tu d y " e s tim a te s show n in this table p r o v id e a re a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n
o f the s i z e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y . The e s tim a te s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith oth er em p loy m en t in d e x e s f o r the a r e a
to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r l e v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t d ata c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d studied, and (2) s m a ll
e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the su rv e y .
2 T he 1957 r e v is e d e d itio n o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u se d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by in d u stry d iv is io n .
3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total em p lo ym e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tle ts (w ithin the a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s tr ie s as tra d e, fin a n ce, auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e ,
and m o t io n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 esta b lish m en t.
4 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and o th e r w o rk e rs ex clu d e d fr o m the s e p a r a te o f fi c e and plant c a t e g o r ie s .
5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l to w a ter tra n sp o rta tio n w e r e e x clu d e d .
6 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n i s r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , and f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . S ep a ra te p re s e n ta tio n
o f data f o r th is d iv is io n is not m a d e f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv is io n is t o o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the sam ple w as not
d e s ig n e d in it ia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p re s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e o f in d ivid u a l esta b lish m en t data.
7 W o r k e r s f r o m th is e n tire in d u stry d iv is io n a r e r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but f r o m the r e a l esta te p o r tio n only in
e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . S eparate p r e s e n ta tio n o f data fo r this d iv is io n is not m a d e f o r on e o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s g iv e n in fo o tn o te 6 a b ov e.
8 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u tom obile r e p a ir shops; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ; and e n g in e e rin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .

T a b le 2.

In dexes o f standard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n a l g r o u p s ,
and p e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e f o r s e le c t e d p e r io d s , R a le ig h , N .C .
Index
(S e p te m b e r I960* 100)

In du stry and o ccu p a tio n a l group

P e rce n ts o f in c re a s e 1

S e p te m b e r 1963

S e p te m b e r 1962
to
S e p te m b e r 1963

S e p te m b e r 1961
to
S e p te m b e r 1962

S ep tem b er 1960
to
S ep tem b er 1961

1 1 3 .2

2 .7

4 .6

5 .4

A ll in d u s t r ie s :
O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n )____________________ ______
In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n )_______________________
S k ille d m ain ten an ce ( m e n ) ____ ___________
__ __ _
U n s k ille d plant (m en)
__
_
_ _ _ _ _ _ __ __

(')

1 0 7 .4
108.1

(l)

(l)

1 .2
3 .2

4 .7
2. 1

1 .4
2 .6

M a n u fa ctu rin g :
O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w om en )
__ __ _____ __ _
In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n ) _______________________
S k ille d m ain ten an ce ( m e n ) _________________________________
___ __ __ ___ __ __ __ __
__,
U n sk ille d plant (m en)

1 1 0 .7
(M
(l)
1 0 8 .6

3 .3
(M
(M
2. 1

3. 1
(M
(M
2 .3

4 .0
(l )
(>)
3 .9




D ata d o not m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r i a .

(')

4
Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups

Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change
in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses,
and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups.
For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per­
centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours
of work, that is , the standard work schedule for which straight-time
salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes
in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for
overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The
percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in­
clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group.
The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following
19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting,
class A and B; clerks, file, class A , B, and C; clerks, order; clerks,
payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B;
office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra­
phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators,
class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are
based on men and women industrial nurses.
Men in the following
8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the
plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e­
chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and
die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers,
material handling.
Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were
computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries
or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of
the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings




for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for
each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a percentage)
of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other
year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is
the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The
indexes were computed by multiplying the ratios for each group
aggregate for each period after the base year (1961).
The indexes and percentages of change measure, principally,
the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other
increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same
job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force
resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions,
and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments
with different pay levels.
Changes in the labor force can cause
increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual
wage changes.
For example, a force expansion might increase the
proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower
the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid
workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the movement of
a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average
earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other
establishments in the area.
The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect
of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in­
cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in
average pay for straight-time hours. They are not influenced by
changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay
for overtime.

5

A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l.

Office Occupations—Men and W om en

(A verage straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area b a sis
b y industry division , Raleigh, N .C ., Septem ber 1963)

$35

$40

$45

$50

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—
$60
$70
$80
$85
$90
$95 $100
$55
$65
$75

$105

$110

$115

$120

$125

$40

$45

$50

$55

$60

$110

$115

$120

$125

$130

Avbsaqb
Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision

Number
of
workers

$30
Weekly, Weekly, and
hours
earnings
under
(Standard) (Standard)
$35

$65

$70

$75

$80

$85

$90

$95

7
3

10
7

5
4

$100

$105

Men
C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A_____ __ _____
Nonm anufacturing_________________ ____

39

40.0
4b. b

$90.50
59.$'0

_

_

_

_

_

_

.

_

-

-

-

"

-

"

-

-

6
6

_

26

C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B_„_
N on m a n u fa c tu r in g .____
.

19
16

40.0
46.0

76.00
7?>.50

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

"

-

-

3
3

4
4

5
3

1
"

_

"

3
3

_

-

-

-

O ffice boys________________________________

17

39.0

56.50

_

_

_

_

6

8

3

Tabulating-m achine op e r a to r s ,
c la s s B ,
---- .

15

39.5

89.50

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

2

3

1

2

l

26
19

40.0
40.5

63.50
"T 2 .5 0

-

-

-

-

2
1

9
9

9
6

1
"

"

1
-

3
3

1
-

C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A_____________
Nonm anufacturing.

55
51

38.0
38.0

77.50
77.00

_

_

_

_

_

_

"

-

-

-

-

-

10
10

8
8

13
11

7
7

4
4

C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B___________ __
M anufacturing ..
N onm anufacturing
_______________

80

62.50
64.00
62.00

_
-

_
-

64

38.0
38.5
38.0

_
-

1
1

15
5
10

14
1
13

14
4
10

8
1
7

8
4
4

C lerk s, file , c la s s B _____________________
Nonmanuf actur ing______________________

70
70

38.5
38.5

52.50
~ 51755"

_
~

2
2

2
2

15
' 16

26
26

20
20

1
1

“

C lerk s, file , c la s s C _____________ ________
Nonmanuf actur ing----

35
35

38*5
38.5

50.50
” 55.56

_

_

_

-

“

-

13
13

21
21

1
1

-

-

-

-

C lerk s, p a y r o ll------------------ -----------------------

26

39.5

74.50

_

_

_

_

2

2

7

2

3

1

C om ptom eter o p e r a to r s ---------------------------Nonm anufacturing.
. .
_

23
16

40.0
4b.b

61.00
6b. 50

.

_

_

.

-

-

“

-

5
5

6
6

6
1

4
2

“

-

-

Keypunch o p era tors, c la s s A_
N onm anufacturing.__________________ __

68
62

39.5
39.5

75.50
76.00

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

_
-

-

6
6

18
16

6
6

20
20

Keypunch o p era tors , c la s s B
N onm annfaetnring -------------------

49
44

39.0
■-39.0'

58.50
"■58700"

_

_

_

_

-

"

-

-

13
” T3

16
T5

16
I T "

3
2

!
---- I----

220
4b
180
39

39.0
*9.6
39.0
39.5

86.00
64.6b
86.50
97.00

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

6
6
-

9
9
-

22
5
17
1

18
6
10
-

Stenographers, g e n e r a l__________________
Nonm anufacturing
P u blic u tilities 2__________ __________

105
101
43

38.0
36.0
39.0

65.50
65.50
69.00

_
-

-

_
-

1
1
-

7
7
2

31
26
5

18
16
13

22
22
9

4
4
2

Stenographers, senior
M anufacturing ...
Nonmanuf actur i ng
P u blic u tilities 2____________________

131
26
105
15

38.5
40.6
38.5
40.0

75.50
73.50
76.00
81.00

_

_

_

1

11

-

-

-

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

1

11

19
4
15

35
1(T
25
6

_

.

1

_

_

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
3

2

_

_

_

_

t

"

-

"

-

_
-

_
"

1
1

"

_
-

_
-

_
-

"

"

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

-

. 1

_

_

1

_

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

12
12
6

5
i
4
4

2
2
2

5
5
1

3
3
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

.
-

_

3

_

_

_

_
_

_

-

3

-

-

_
_

1

2
1

3
1

4
4

_

2

-

l

1
1

1

1

-

-

-

-

3
3

4
3

1
"

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

3

1

2

_

2
2

.
-

"

-

13
9

2

_

_

_

-

3
3

31
3
28
4

26
4
22
2

16
6
10
3

31
3
28
9

21
9
12
4

13
1
12
3

14
14
4

3
3
3

_
-

2
2
2

3
3
3

37
— 7
30
3

11
4
7

3

6

-

'

W om en
B ook keeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs ,
c la s s B
__
Nonm anufacturing

S e creta ries
M anufacturing
....
N onm annfaetnring.
P u blic u tilities 2_ __

____

_ ---- ...
... .
_

See footn otes at end of table.




.

16

|

'

-

|

'

19
I ....
18
4
4

|

'

.

1

-

.

3

1

-

-

-

-

3

6

3
3

1
1

*

_

‘

-

6
Table A-l.

Office Occupations—Men and W om en— Continued

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Raleigh, N. C. , September 1963)
Ayxraox

N U M B E R 0 7 W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F —

of

W e e k ly ,

hours 1

w orkers

(S ta n da rd )

W e e k ly ,
e a r n in g s 1
(Sta n da rd)

$40

$45

$50

$55

$60

$65

$70

$75

$35

$40

$45

$50

$55

$60

$65

$70

$75

$80

4
4

10
10

2
2

2
1

2
1

4
3

6
6

2
2

3
3

2
2

_

.

-

“

2
2

2
2

6
6

5
5

8
6

3
1

6
4

1
1

.

.

.

2

16

16

6
6

2
2

1
1

_

_
_

-

-

_
_

_
-

o
00
ee-

$35

$30

N u m b er

Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision

$85

$90

$95

$100

$105

$110

$115

$120

$125

$85

$90

$95

$100

$105

$110

$115

$120

$125

$130

-

-

-

-

_

■

_
■

”

_
“

_
"

_
“

_

-

_

_

_

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
"
_

and
under

W omen— C ontinue d
39
------ 3^

4 2 .0
42. 5

$52. 50
53. 00

Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists _
N onm anufacturing________________

37
30

39. 5
39. 5

62. 50
61. 00

T ran scribin g-m ach in e o p e ra to rs ,
g e n e r a l__________ ___
N onm anufacturing .

27
27

39. 0
39. 0

60. 50
6 o. 5b

T yp ists, cla s s A_,
Nonm anufacturing .

59
54

38. 0
38. 0

64. 50
63. 00

T yp ists, c la s s B
M anufacturing .
Nonmanufacturing .

136

Sw itchboard op e ra to rs .
Nonmanufacturing «

53. 50
62."5"0
52. 50

38. 0
~07<5“
37. 5

— nr120

-

2

-

.

_
-

2

t

5
5

14
14

15
15

8
8

4
4

7
6

4

32

23
1

4
” 3
l

_
-

32

6
3
1

5
3

4

62
4
58

_

-

22

1

1

-

-

3
3

1

_

“

_
“

4

_

.

_
-

-

-

_
-

_
-

'

_
-

-

2

1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em ployees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly h ou rs.
2 T ran sp ortation, com m u nication, and other public u tilities.

Table A-2.

Professional and Technical Occupations—Men

(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division , R aleigh, N .C . , Septem ber 1963)
Avbraob
O ccupation and industry d ivision

N u m b er
of
w orkers

W e e k ly ,
h o u rs 1
(S ta n da rd )

W e e k ly
e a r n in g s 1
(S ta n da rd)

D raftsm en, s e n i o r ______________________
M an u factu rin g________________________

25
25

40. 0
40. 0

$123.00
123.00

D raftsm en, junior _ _____________________
M an u factu rin g ____ _________________

24
21

4 0 .0
40. 0

90.00
87.50

N U M B E R 0 7 W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S 0 7 -

$75
and
under
$80

$80

$85

$90

$95

$100

$105

$110

$115

$120

$125

$130

$135

$140

$145

$150

$155

$160

$165

$85

$90

$95

$100

$105

$110

$115

$120

$125

$130

$135

$140

$145

$150

$155

$160

$165

$170

1
1

7
7

j

j

-

1

1

5
5

t

-

2
2

3
3

1
1

2
2

3
2

5
4

1

_

.

1

_

_

_

_

_

_

"
25
5

3
3

4
4

2

1
1

-

.

_

1
Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours.
Includes 2 w o rk e rs at $60 to $65.




1

7
Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined
(Average straight-time weekly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Raleigh, N. C. , September 1963)

O ccupation and industry d ivision

Number
of
worker*

Average
weekly ,
earnings 1
(Standard)

Number
of
worker*

O ccupation and industry d ivision

68
62

$75. 50
75.00

Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s --------------------------Nonmanufacturing__ _____ _____
_______ ___ _ _

37
30

$62.50
61.00

Keypunch o p e ra to rs , cla ss B
N onmanuf actur ing_________

49
44

58. 50
58. 00

Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B___________ _
Nonm anufacturing----------------------------------------------------

21
19

85. 00
85. 00

O ffice boys and g ir ls ------------N onmanufacturing_________

22
21

55. 00
56. 50

T ra n scrib in g-m a ch in e o p era tors , g e n e r a l____ ____
N onmanuf actur ing----------------------------------------------------

27
27

60. 50
60. 50

S e c r e t a r ie s ___________________
M anufacturing____ ________
N onmanufacturing_________
P ublic utilities 2_______

228
42
186
42

86.
83.
87.
99.

T y p is ts . cla ss A
__
__ ____
_ __ _
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ _

59
54

64. 50
63.00

Stenographers, g e n e r a l_____
Nonmanufacturing_________
P ublic utilities 2_______

105
101
43

65. 50
65. 50
69.00

T yp ists, cla ss B
u . ___ ............. ..................
M anufacturing_
_ ___
_ __ _
Nonmanufacturing
_______________ ____ _______

148
16
132

53.00
62. 50
52.00

25
25

123. 00
123.00

24
21

90.00
87. 50

O ffice occupations— Continued

O ffice occu pation s— Continued

O ffice occupations
36
27

B ook keeping-m ach ine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B
N onm anufacturing-----------------------------------

Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s A
N onmanuf actur ing____ ____

$61.00
60.00

N onm anufacturing----------------------------------

94
17
77

83.00
96. 50
81. 00

C le rk s , accounting, c la s s B --------------------M anufacturing---------------—----------—------- —
N onm anufacturing-----------------------------------

99
19
80

65.00
66". 50
65.00

C lerk s , file , c la s s B --------------------------------N onm anufacturing— -------------- ---------------

73

54. 50

C lerk s , file , c la s s C — .----------------------------N onm anufacturing-----------------------------------

35
35

50.50
50. 50

C lerk s, p a y r o l l ________ —_____________—__
M anufacturing-------------------------------------—
N onm anuf actur ing______________________

40
17
23

Stenographers, s e n io r___
79. 00 11
M anufacturing_________
68. 50
Nonmanufacturing_____
86. 50
P ublic utilities 2-----

C om ptom eter o p e r a t o r s N onm anufacturing------

28
21

C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A -------- ------------

137
26
111
18

-

39
36

Switchboard operators.
N onm anufacturing_

62.50
62.50

Average
weekly .
earnings 1
(Standard)

Number
of

weekly ,
earnings
(Standard)

O ccupation and industry d ivision

50
00
50
50

P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occupations

7 6.50
73. 50
77. 00
87.00

D raftsm en, sen ior
_
M anufacturing___________

52. 50
53.00

D raftsm en, ju n io r ------------------M anufacturing _ ________

__ _______ _
________ ____

____
____ _

_ __ ____ __ ______
— ______ ___ _______

I - - ____________

1 Earnings rela te to regu lar straigh t-tim e w eekly salaries that are paid fo r standard w orkw eeks.
2 T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilities.

Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A verage straigh t-tim e h ou rly earnings fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division , Raleigh, N. C. , Septem ber 1963)
N UM BER OF W O RK ER S R E CE IVIN G S T R A IG H T-TIM E H OURLY EA RN IN G S OF—

O ccupation and industry divisio n

Number
of
worker*

Average $ 1 .2 0
hourly .
earning*1 and

$ 1 .3 0

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .5 0

$ 1 .6 0

$ 1 .7 0

$ 1 .8 0

$ 1 .9 0

$ 2 .0 0 " $ 2 .1 0

$ 2 .2 0

$ 2 .3 0

$ 2 .4 0

$ 2 .5 0

$ 1 .6 0

$ 1 .7 0

$ 1 .8 0

$ 1 .9 0

$ 2 .0 0

$ 2 .1 0

$ 2 .5 0

$ 2 .6 0

_

_

$ 1 .3 0

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .5 0

E le c tr ic ia n s , m ain ten an ce__________ _________

25

$ 2 .6 8

.

.

.

.

.

.

F irem a n , station ary b o i l e r _________ _
____
M anufacturing -----------------------------------------------------

22
22

1 .4 2
1 .4 2

8
8

1

8
8

.

_

-

5
5

M ech an ics, autom otive (m ain ten a n ce) -------------N onm anufacturing ----- -------- — _ — _____
P u blic u tilities 2 -------------------------------------------

84
68
62

2 .4 8

_

_

_

_

_

2 .6 0

"

"

-

-

"

_
-

-

M ech an ics, m aintenance . __
____ __ __
M anufacturing -----------------------------------------------------

51
40

2 .2 9
2 .1 7

_

_

_

"

"

“

2 .6 1

1

_
"

“

E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts.
T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public utilities.




$ 2 .7 0 f O F

$ 2 .9 0

$ 3 .0 0

$ 3 .1 0

$ 3 .2 0

$ 3.3 0

$ 2 .7 0

$ 2 .8 0

$ 3 .0 0

$ 3 .1 0

$ 3 .2 0

$ 3 .3 0

$ 3 .4 0

2

!

1
1
1

34

3
3

1
1

under
$ 2 .2 0

$ 2 .3 0

$ 2 .4 0

6

2

1

2

1
1

13
8
8

10
2
2

6
4
4

2
2
2

**

1
1

14
14

13
11

_

1

“

_

1

2
2
2

5
5

3

”

“

3

9
8

2
1

2

”

-

-

$

"

$ 2 .9 0

_

_

_

l

8

34

-

-

“

“

2
1
1

-

84

”

5
5
5

-

1
1

-

-

4

'

'

l

8
Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Raleigh, N. C ., September 1963)
N U M B ER OF W O RK ERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY E A R N IN G S OF—

O ccu p a tion 1 and industry division

Number
of
workers

Average $0.70 $0.80 $0.90 $1.00 $1.10 $1.20 $1.30
hourly 2 and
earnings
under
$0.80 $0.90 $1.00 $ 1.10 $1.20 $1.30 $1.40

E levator o p era tors, passen ger (w o m e n )----------Nonm anufacturing------------------------- ------------------

3i
31

$ 1.03
1. 03

12
12

Guards and watchm en-----------------------------------------M anufacturing-------------- ----------------------------------

32
19

1.48
1. 54

.

Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs (m e n )------------M a n u fa c tu r in g _______ ____ — — -----------Nonm anufacturing-------- ------------ ----------------Pu blic u tilitie s 1
3 --------------------- ----------------2

222
79
143
18

1.
1.
1.
1.

32
39
29
59

7
7
"

Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs (w om en)---------

62
57

1.21
1. 19

1

L a b orers , m aterial handling----------------------------M an ufacturin g....—____ ______ ________________
Nonm anufacturing__________________ _________

154
87
67

1. 44
1. 34
1. 58

.
"

O rd er f i l l e r s ____________________________________
Nonm anufacturing-------- —--------------------------- -----

116
114

1. 72
1.72

-

P a ck ers, s h ip p in g .. ------------ --------------------------M anufacturing-------------------------------------------------

26
20

1.44
1.48

-

-

4
4

$2.40

$2.50 $2.60 $2.70

$1.50 $1.60 $1.70

$1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10

$2.20

$2.30

$2.40

$2.50

$2.60 $2.70 $2.80

_

.

8
7

_

■

12
4

l

■

1

■

_
■

_
“

15
15
■

14
14
“

81
26
55
1

32
18
14
1

37
23
14
7

13
1
12

6
6

15
15

35
33

4
2

.

3
3

_

_

“

"

10
3
7
5

_
-

10
8
2
1

.

.

.

1

3
■

_

4
4

.

.

.

.

.

~

■

-

"

-

-

-

2
2
1

_
"

1
1
1

.
“

.
-

_
-

_
■

_
-

_
.
■

1

.

_

“

_
-

_
-

.
"

.
-

“

■

_

_

_

_

“

“

“

_

.

.

'

.
■

■

8
8

4
4

54
44
10

30
30
~

11
5
6

3
3
“

6
1
5

_
“

34
34

4
4
■

_

.

.

.

"

-

“

■

7
7

18
18

5
5

8
8

12
12

2
2

11
9

52
52

~

7
4

4
4

_

.

!

6

■

■

29
8
21

8
2
6

.

_

.

12

-

-

17
16

-

-

-

.

"

T ru ck d rivers 4
Manufac tur ing_____ ______ ___ ______ ________
Nonm anufacturing________ ________ ________

152
20
132

1.90
1. 35
1.98

'

T ru ck d riv ers, light (under 1 llz t o n s )-----------

19

1. 38

.

T ru ck d riv ers, m edium ( 1 V2 to and
including 4 tons)--- ------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing------------------ -----------------

101
94

1. 90
1.94

_

-

-

"

-

-

'

■

1. 71
1. 56

Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except w here otherw ise indicated.
E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r o vertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Includes all d r iv e r s reg a rd le ss o f s iz e and type o f truck operated.




$2.30

-

.
-

$2.20

.

1. 74

1
2
3
4

1
1

$2.10

1

22

35
19

12
12

$1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00

■

R eceiving c l e r k s -------------- —--------------------------------

T ru ck ers, pow er ( fo r k lift )------------------ ------------- M anufacturing-------------- -— — ------- —------------

2
2

$1.40 $1.50 $1.60

2
2

8
5

4
4

.
"

“

3

2

_

11
4
7

8
3
5

6
3
3

2

3

1

5
4

6
3

5
3

8
5

.

5
5

3
3

.

l

1
.

_

“

■

“

~/

■

2

4

!

_

!

_

2

2
2

3
3

-

16
16

9
9

4
4

29
29

23
23

3
3

2
2

3
3

16
16

9
9

4
4

29
29

_

.

10

_

_

_

2
2

-

“
8
5

_

.
"
.

"

"

"

-

.

_

_

1

“

3
3

1

1

-

.

1

1

-

"

_

_

9

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l.

M inim um Entrance Salaries fo r W o m e n O ffice W o rk e rs

(D is trib u tio n o f e sta b lish m e n ts studied in a ll in d u s trie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y m in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s
o f in e x p e r ie n c e d w o m e n o f fi c e w o r k e r s , R a le ig h , N . C . , S e p te m b e r 1963)
I n e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts
M anufacturing
M in im u m w e e k ly s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r y 1

E s ta b lis h m e n ts s tu d ied _ __ __ ___

E s ta b lis h m e n ts h avin g a s p e c ifie d
m in im u m _ _
____ __ ________

A ll
in d u strie s

___

74

_

20

O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 1
2

N onm anu f a ctu r ing

M anuf a ctu r ing

B a s e d on standard w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f—

A ll
in d u s tr ie s

A ll
sch e d u le s

40

A ll
s ch e d u le s

35

37*/2

383/4

27

XXX

47

XXX

XX X

XXX

6.

6

14

3

3

_
_
_
-

_
1
_
1
1
3
6
2
_
_

_
_
_
1
1
1
_
_
_
_

_

-

-

40

XXX

XXX

XXX

3

5

40

14

13

26

3

3

3

14

_
_
_
_
_
_
5
_
_

2
1

_

1

_
_
_
1
1
_

_
_
_
_
_
2
_
1
_

_

_

_

-

-

-

2

XXX

2

XX X

XX X

XXX

50

19

XXX

31

XX X

XXX

XXX

-

383/4

XXX

4

E sta b lis h m e n ts w h ich d id not e m p lo y
w o r k e r s in th is c a t e g o r y _ _

-

37 Vz

47

E sta b lis h m e n ts havin g no s p e c ifie d
m in im u m ____
___
____ ______

$ 37.
$40.
$42.
$45.
$47.
$ 50.
$ 52.
$ 55.
$ 57.
$ 6 0.
$ 62.

35

XX X

2
1
1
2

un d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
un d er
u n d er
u n d er
un d er
u n d er

A ll
s ch e d u le s

27

_
_
_
_
_
_
2
_
1
1
2

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

40

74

_
1
1
1
3
8
2
1
1
2

00
50
00
50
00
50
00
50
00
50
00

A ll
s ch e d u le s

XXX

50_
_________
00______________
50______________
00______________
50__
00______________
50 _ __ _____
00______________
50_____________
00
50_____________

$ 35.
$ 37.
$40.
$42.
$45.
$47.
$ 50.
$ 52.
$ 55.
$ 57.
$ 60.

40

1

1
1
2

2

-

XXX

10

6

XX X

XXX

24

7

XX X

1
1
3
26

_
_
_
_
_

2

_
_
_
_
_
10
_
1
1
2

9

1
1
1
3
16
1

1
1

_
_

1

_
_
1
1

2

-

-

-

-

4

XX X

XX X

XX X

XX X

17

XX X

XXX

XXX

XX X

1

_
_
_

_
13

_

1 T h e s e s a la r ie s r e la te to f o r m a lly e s ta b lis h e d m in im u m startin g (h irin g ) re g u la r s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r ie s that a r e p aid fo r stan d ard w o rk w e e k s .
2 E x clu d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r ic a l jo b s su ch as m e s s e n g e r o r o f fi c e g ir l.
3 D ata a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll stan d ard w o rk w e e k s co m b in e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n stan dard w o rk w e e k s r e p o r t e d .




N on m an u factu rin g

B a s e d on stan dard w e e k ly h ou rs 3 of

10




Table B-2.

Shift Differentials

(S h ift d iffe r e n t ia ls o f m a n u fa c tu r in g plan t w o r k e r s b y ty p e and am ount o f d iffe r e n t ia l.
R a le ig h , N . C . , S e p te m b e r 1963)
P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plant w o r k e r s —
In e s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g f o r m a l
p r o v is io n s 1 f o r —

Shift d iffe r e n t ia l

W ith s h ift p a y d i ff e r e n t i a l _________

T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift w o r k

S e co n d sh ift

T h ir d o r o t h e r
s h ift

6 4 .2

4 5 .4

1 4 .4

4 .8

3 1 .7

3 4 .9

5 .6

1 .9

17. 1

1 7 .3

2 .9

1. 7

________
5 c e n ts ___ ________ _____ _
8 c e n t s ___ ______,_______ __ — --------------------10 c e n ts ____ _ _ ________ _ ____ __ _
I 3 V3 c e n t s _________________________________
15 r.«»nt.s_____ _________________ ,_____________
25 c e n t s ___ ___ __
____
_________

6 .0
5 .0
6. 1
-

9 .3
3 .0

.7
-

1 .4
.3

-

-

-

2 .7
2. 3

2 .3
-

-

1 4 .6

1 4 .6

2 .7

. 1

1 4 .6

1 4 .6

2 .7

. 1

-

3 .0

-

. 1

32. 5

10. 5

8 .7

U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ----10 p e r c e n t

___

_ __

-

_______ __

____

S e co n d s h ift
w o rk

_ __ __ __

U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r h o u r )

___

A c tu a lly w o rk in g on —

__ - ___
___

O th er f o r m a l p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l __ __

__

__

___

__

W ith no s h ift p a y d i ff e r e n t i a l ______ ______

_

1
In clu d e s e s ta b lis h m e n t s c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ift s ,
e v e n though th e y w e r e not c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ift s .

2 .9

and e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts

11
Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours
(P ercent distribution of office and plant w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours
o f firs t-s h ift w orkers, Raleigh, N. C . , Septem ber 1963)
OFFICE WORKERS

PLANT WORKERS

W eek ly h o u r s
AU industrial1

A ll w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------------

35 h o u r s
O v e r 35 and un d er 3 7 V 2 h o u r s ----------------------------37 V2 h o u r s — — — —— — — — — — — — — —
O v e r 37 V2 and un d er 40 h o u r s ----------------------------40 h o u r s —
———————
———
————
42 h o u r s __ _____________ ___ ________________________
44 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 44 and u n d er 48 h o u r s .. ----------------------------48 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s ----------------------------------------------------------

1
2
3
4

100

9
3
18
18
48
(4)
(4)
2
1
(4)

Manufacturing

100

Public utilities1
2

All industries 3

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

100

100

100

100

-

3
9
2
63
5
5
10
3

-

6
4
77
2
2
7
2

.
93
.
7
-

(4)
11
1
84
1
1
2

14
-

86
-

-

In clu d es d a ta f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n ce, in su ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
T r a n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s .
In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tra d e , r e ta il trad e, r e a l estate, and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t .




12
Table B-4.

Paid Holidays

(Percent distribution o f o ffice and plant w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by number o f paid holidays
provided annually, Raleigh, N. C . , September 1963)
OFFICE WORKERS
Item

A ll w o r k e r s __

_____

All industries 1

— ____ _ _ --------

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
paid h olid a y s —______________ _______ ____________
W o r k e r s in es ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
no p a id h o lid a y s --------------------------------------------------

PLANT WORKERS

Manufacturing

Public utilities12

All industries 3

Manufacturing

Public utilities2

100

100

100

100

100

100

97

98

90

73

66

95

3

2

10

27

34

5

1

2
2

_
(4 )
4
3
81

3
3

4

11

16

_
-

12

10

N um ber o f days

1 h olid a y _____
3
4
5
5

6
6
7
7

8

__ __________
____ ____
h o lid a y s ___________ ____ ____ __ ____ ___ ___ __ _____
__ ______
____
h o lid a y s _____ ______ __
h o lid a y s __________________________ ______________
h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day__________ . _____ —
h olid a y s
_
__ _
-------------h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day________________________
h olid a y s ________________ _____ ___________ ________
h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day________________________
h olid a y s — ___ ___ __ — — ------------ _

(4 )

2
10
1

32
<4 )
31
5
16

7
23
29
19
15

2

15
17

1
14
(4 )

"

8

_

8

2

9
23
24
41
41
56

6
4
9
15

-

6
8
66
4
'

T o ta l h o lid a y tim e 5

8 days
__ ___
__ __ _____ — _____ — 7 V2 days o r m o r e - __
__ „ —
--------7 days o r m o r e ___ — _ _____
6 V2 days o r m o r e —
_____ „ _
---------- _ --------6 days o r m o r e — —
5 l U days o r m o r e
__ — ---------- _ -----5 days o r m o r e
- _____ _
_ _ ----4 days o r m o r e _ _ _ _ _
_ __ ____
_ ----3 days o r m o r e
_
__
__ ____
— — _
1 day o r m o r e _____
__
_ _ _ _ _

16
21
52
52
84
85
95
96
97
97

15
15
34
34
63
63

86
93
96
98

83

86
90
90
90
90
90
90

66
70
73

15
15
23
23
28
28
39
56
62

66

_
4
70
78
84
84
95
95
95
95

1 In clu des data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
2 T r a n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s .
3 In clu des data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
4

L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t.

5 A ll com b in a tio n s o f fu ll and h a lf days that add to the s a m e am ount a r e c o m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a t o ta l o f 7 d a ys in c lu d e s th o s e w ith 7 fu ll days and
no h a lf d a y s , 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s , and s o on. P r o p o r t io n s w e r e then cu m u la te d .




Table B-5.

Paid Vacations

(Percent distribution o f o ffice and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay
p rovisions, Raleigh, N. C . , Septem ber 1963)
OFFICE WORKERS

PLANT WORKERS

V a c a tio n p o l ic y
All ipduatrias 2

100

A ll w o r k e r s

Publie utilities 3

All industrial4

100

100

100

100

100

99
97
1
-

100
100
-

94
82
12
-

89
67
22

100
100
-

-

-

-

-

-

Manufacturing

Manufacturing

PuMio utilities3

M eth od o f p aym en t
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g
paid v a c a t io n s -----------------------------------------------------L e n g t h -o f - t im e p a y m e n t — — — ------------- _
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t----------------------------------------F la t -s u m p a y m e n t -. — -------- ---------------------O t h e r ______ __ __ — ------------- __ __ __ -----W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g
no p aid v a c a t io n s — ------------- — ------------------ -

A m oun t o f v a c a t io n pay

99
99
( 5)
-

( 5)

1

1
38
23
13

6
25
12
(*)

17
11
70

29
68

6

11

_
75
-

8
16
1
-

13
8
-

_
61
-

38
62

71
18

76
8

6,0
40

_
3
22
76

1
44
17
32

2
55
22
10

«
8
16
77

_
3
( 5)
97

1
36
12
45

2
50
20
17

_
8
(5 )
92

1
31
12
49

2
40
22
26

8
( 5)
92

1
18
5
68
1

2
23
7
57
-

6

A ft e r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w e e k ------------ — — ------------- ------- — 1 w eek ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w eek s — __ __ __ ----------2 w e e k s ---------------------- -------------- -----------------------------A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________ __
O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ----- — — ------- -----2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w e e k ----------- ------------- -------- ------- -----1 w e ek— — — — — —
___________________
O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 w e e k s -------------------------- -------- ----------------------- -

_
7
4
90

_
20
1
77

A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w e e k - — — — — ------- — — ----------1 w e ek______________________________________________
O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------

_
5

_
16

-

-

95

83

A ft e r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w e e k ___________ _____ _______________ —
1 w eek _____ ___
____________
_____ ________
O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ---------- ------------- -----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------

_
5
_
95

_
16
-

83

_
3
(5 )
97

A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w e e k ------ — — -------- ----------------------- 1 w eek ----------------------------- -------- — — ------------- O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ---------- — ------- — 2 w e e k s _________ ^_______________________ IIT ________
O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ---------- -------- ------- 3 w e e k s _______ - ________ -__ —— — ___ _____ — -

S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f table,




_

_

2

8

-

-

-

-

91
-

100

95
3
1

-

_
-

100
-

14
Table B-5.

Paid V acations1— Continued

(P ercen t distribution o f o ffice and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay
p rovisions, Raleigh, N. C. , Septem ber 1963)
OFFICE WORKERS

PLANT WORKER8

V a ca tio n p o lic y
All industries1
2

Manufacturing

Public utilities 3

All industries4

Manufacturing

2
58
( 5)
40

8
_
67
1
24

_
_
99
_
1

20
1
65
_
8

25
_
61
_
3

.
_
87
_
14

2
_
49
8
38
2

8
_
48
16
27
-

_
_
54
45
1
-

20
1
51
9
13
-

25
_
41
15
8
-

_
70
17
14
-

20
1
40
31
1

25
_
35
29
-

_
_
18
_
82
-

_
_
18
79
3

Public utilities3

A m ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 6— C ontinued
A ft e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ----------- — — — — __ __ — ___________
O ver 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ___ — _____________—
2 w eeks — ------------------- ------------- — ___________
O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s _______________________
3 w e e k s --------------- — ------------- ------------------ — _

A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k __ _____ __ __ ________ __ ___________ ___
O ver 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ----- --------------------------2 w eek s ______________ ____ ________ ____
O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------- -------------------- ------------------ -----O ver 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s -----------------------------------

A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w»»1r
O ver 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s _______________________
2 we eks _______ _________ ___ _______________ ___ ___
O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s _______—-----------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------- ------------------------- _
4 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------

2
_
40
(*)

55
2

8
-

48
1
42
-

_
19
81

-

A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ___ _____________________ __________ ______
O ver 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ------,----------------------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------ ---------- — ------------3 w eeks
________ __ _________
____
4 w e e k s ----- ------------- — ------------- ------- -----------

2
-

39
36
23

_

8
37
32
22

19
81
1

20
1
37
22
14

25
29
14
21

8
_
37
32
22

_
_
19
67
15

20
1
37
16
20

25

-

A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ____________________________________________
O ver 1 and und er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 w eeks — ------------------------- -------- ----------------- -----3 w e e k s _______ ____
___ __
___
__
4 w eeks - ------ ------------- ------------- ------------------ _

2
37
30
31

-

29
14
21

_
_
18
48
34

1 In clu d es b a s ic plans o n ly .
E x clu d e s plans su ch as v a c a t io n -s a v in g s and th o s e plan s w h ich o f fe r " e x te n d e d " o r "s a b b a t ic a l" b e n e fits b eyon d b a s i c p la n s to w o r k e r s w ith qu a lify in g len g th s
o f s e r v ic e .
T y p ic a l o f such e x c lu s io n s a r e p lan s r e c e n t ly n e g o tia te d in the s t e e l, a lu m in u m , and can in d u s t r ie s .
2 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v i c e s , in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
4 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e ta il t r a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in a dd ition to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly .
5 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
6 In clu d es p aym en ts o th e r than "len gth o f t i m e , " s u ch as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual e a rn in g s o r fla t - s u m p a y m e n ts , c o n v e r te d to an equ ivalen t tim e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f
annual ea rn in g s w a s c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's p a y .
P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r il y r e fle c t the individ ual p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the ch a n g es
in p r o p o r tio n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e in c lu d e ch an ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g be tw e e n 5 and 10 y e a r s .
E stim a te s a r e cu m u la tiv e.
T h u s, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e
a fte r 5 y e a r s in c lu d e s th o se w ho r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a ft e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v ic e .




15
Table B-6.

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

(P e r c e n t o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
health , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f it s , 1 R a le ig h , N. C . , S e p te m b e r 1963)
PLANT WORKER8

OFFICE WORKERS

T y p e o f b e n e fit
All industrial2

Manufacturing

-

100

100

100

100

100

100

L ife i n s u r a n c e ________________ _____________ A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e r m e n t
in s u r a n c e _
__
S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r
s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 5__________________________

98

95

96

80

76

94

74

61

65

58

52

62

73

73

91

66

59

85

S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e ________
S ic k le a v e (fu ll p a y and no
w a itin g p e r i o d )- - — ----------------------------------S ic k le a v e (p a r tia l p a y o r
w a itin g p e r io d ) ___ ____ ___ ____ _ ___ _____

38

49

58

43

55

33

57

53

32

15

■

26

4

4

14

14

11

42

H o s p ita liz a tio n i n s u r a n c e ____________ _____
S u r g ic a l i n s u r a n c e -----------------------------------------__
"Me-dira! in s iir a n r e
_
C a ta s tro p h e in s u r a n c e . ____ _ ___ ____ __
R e tir e m e n t p e n s i o n ----------------- ----------- ----N o h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n _____

93
93
78
76
87
1

89
88
57
75
68
3

90
90
96
90
65

83
81
50
36
56
10

84
80
37
36
42
12

95
95*
84
84
72

A ll w o r k e r s ____

__

__

-

- — ------ — —

Public utilities 3
2
1

Ail industrial 4

Manufacturing

Public utilities 3

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g :

1 In clu d es th o s e plan s f o r w h ich at le a s t a p a rt o f the c o s t is b o r n e by the e m p lo y e r , e x c e p t th o se le g a lly r e q u ir e d , su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t.
2 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le trad e; r e t a il trad e; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s .
4 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to th o s e in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
5 U n d u p lica ted tota l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e o r s ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce show n s e p a r a te ly b e lo w . S ic k le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to th os e w h ich d e fin ite ly e s ta b lis h at le a s t the
m in im u m n u m b er o f d a y s ' p a y that can be e x p e c te d by e a ch e m p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k le a v e a llo w a n c e s d e te r m in e d on an in divid u al b a s is a r e e x clu d ed .




16
Table B-7.

Paid Sick Leave

(P ercen t distribution o f o ffice and plant w ork ers in all industries and in industry divisions by sick leave p rov ision s,
Raleigh, N. C . , September 1963)
OFFICE WORKERS

PLANT WORKERS

S ick le a v e p r o v is io n
All Industrie* 1

A ll w o r k e r s

_

_

_

_

_____ ,_

_

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
p aid s i c k l e a v e .
_
_
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
nn p a id s i c k le a v e

. -----

Public utilities 2
1

All industries 3

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

6 1 .3

5 6 .8

4 6 .6

3 8 .7

43. 2

5 3 .4

2 6 .5
2 6 .5
3 .3
2 .2
1 2 .7
5 .9
. 7

2 0 .5
2 0 .5
19. 1
-

3 0 .3
2 5 .6
8 .3
2. 1
1 0 .7
4 .5
4 .8
2 .5
2 .3
3 .7

3 2 .5
1 5 .5

3 3 .5
2 3 .5

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

2 8 .9

1 0 .5

6 7 .8

71. 1

8 9 .5

3 2 .2

3 2 .1
3 2 .1
6 .5
9 .6
“

1 2 .7
1 2 .7
4 .5
4 .2
2 .5
6 .3

_
_
_
8 .4

2 5 .9
2 5 .9
1 3 .9
5 .5
-

.4
.4
.4

1 .9
1 .9
1 .9

Type «id unowit of paid siek leave
provided annually

U n iform p la n :4
No w aitin g p e r io d
F u ll p a y 5 _
_
5 d ays __
6 d ays __
10 d ays
.
30 d a y s

_____

W a it in g p a r in d

___

_
_

_
-

__
_ __

......... -

“

G ra du ated p l a n 4— A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e :
N o w a i t in g p a r i o d _
.................. _
F u ll pay 5 5 , 7 , o r 10 days --- ---- ------ - ........- ..... —

___
22 days _
_
75 days __
_ _
6 days p e r d i s a b i l i t y ___ ______________
F u ll p a y p lu s p a r tia l pay 6 _ __ ________ _ _
5 day 8 ___
- _ _
15 days
__
W aiting p e r io d
G ra duated p la n 4— A ft e r 10y e a r s o f s e r v ic e :
No w a itin g p e r io d
__
_
F u ll p a y 5
_
„
___
10 d ays _ _
2 2 d a ys _
___________
43 d a ys _
___ _
______
90 d a y s ___
_
_
—
260 days ............. — ________ ________ __
20 d a ys p e r d is a b ility _ _ _ _ _
F u ll p a y plus p a r tia l pay 6 ___ _
5 days _
_
___
5 0 , 6 0 , o r 65 d a y s
................. .
W a itin g p a r i o d

-

-

-

.8

8. 1

2 .2

4 1 .8

3 2 .5
1 5 .5

1 4 .4
.4

-

-

7 .6
1 .9
1 .2

1 7 .0

1 4 .0

5 .7

-

-

.5

1 7 .0
3 .8

1 4 .0
.2

5 .7

-

3 1 .0

-

2 .4

2 .2

3 1 .0
1 0 .8

6. 7

2 0 .7

1 6 .5

1 3 .6

1 0 .5

1 8 .5

.5

3 .4
2. 1
2 .2
1 0 .7
4 .5
10. 1
4 .6
5 .5

-

1 5 .5
-

1 7 .0
-

1 7 .0
3 .8

1 5 .5

-

.6
-

-

3 1 .0
-

Provisions for neenmnlntton
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having
p r o v is io n s f o r a ccu m u la tio n o f
unused s i c k le a v e _
_
_

_

_

1 In clu d es data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in a d d ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
2 T r a n s p o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
3 In c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a le tr a d e , r e t a il t r a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s , in a d d ition to th o s e in d u s try d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
4 “ U n iform p la n s 1' a r e d e fin e d a s th o s e fo r m a l p la n s u nd er w h ich an e m p lo y e e , a fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e , is e n title d to the sam e nu m ber o f d a y s ' p a id s ic k le a v e e a c h y e a r . "G ra d u a ted p la n s "
a r e d e fin e d a s th o s e fo r m a l plan s u nd er w h ich an e m p lo y e e 's le a v e v a r ie s a c c o r d in g to length o f s e r v ic e .
5 M ay in clu d e p r o v is io n s o th e r than th o s e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a te ly .
6 M ay in clu d e p r o v is io n s o th e r than th o s e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly . N u m b e rs o f d ays show n a r e days f o r w h ich w o r k e r s r e c e iv e s ic k le a v e at fu ll p a y . W o r k e r s a r e e n titled to a d d ition a l days
o f s ic k le a v e at p a r tia l p ay.




Appendix: Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its
field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety o f payroll
titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area.
This permits the grouping o f occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because
o f this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu­
reau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those
prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in­
structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time,
temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE
BILLER, MACHINE

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other
than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as
to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental
to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are
cla ssifie d by type o f machine, as follow s:

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott
Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without
a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
Class A . Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge of
and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with
the structure o f the particular accounting system used. Determines
proper records and distribution o f debit and credit items to be used
in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal­
ance sheets, and other records by hand.

Biller, machine (billing machine)• Uses a special billing ma­
chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in­
v oices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders,
shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede­
termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma­
chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number o f carbon copies of
the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of
a set o f records usually requiring little knowledge o f basic book­
keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in­
ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

B iller, machine (bookkeeping machine). U ses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’
b ills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in­
volves the simultaneous entry o f figures on customers’ ledger rec­
ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number
of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically
the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge o f book­
keeping.
Works from uniform and standard types of sales and
credit slip s.




CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A .Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account­
ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com­
plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish­
ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts

17

18
C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G -C o n tin u e d

payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac­
counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in
making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing,
adjusting, and closin g journal entries; and may direct cla ss B a c­
counting clerks.
Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c­
counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c­
counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con­
trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple co st accounting data.
This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and book­
keeping principles but is found in office s in which the more routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several
workers.

CLERK, FILE
Class A , In an established filing system containing a number
o f varied subject matter file s , cla ssifie s and indexes file material
such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May
also file this material. May keep records o f various types in con­
junction with the file s. May lead a small group o f lower level file
clerks.
Class 3 , Softs, cod es, and files unclassified material by sim­
ple (subject matter) headings or partly cla ssifie d material by finer
subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference
aids.
As requested, locates clearly identified material in files
and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required
to maintain and service file s.

C LE RK , ORDER

Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following:
Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing theitems
to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be
filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f
customer, acknowledge receipt o f orders from customers, follow up orders
to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check
shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the n e ce s­
sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’
earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated
data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work­
ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due.
May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and d is­
tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema­
tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis­
tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp­
tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance
o f other duties.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
Class CmPerforms routine filing o f material that has already
been cla ssified or which is easily cla ssified in a simple serial
classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or numer­
ica l).
As requested, loca tes readily available material in files
and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per­
forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and
service files.




Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi­
bilities, reproduces multiple copies o f typewritten or handwritten matter,
using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such
as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to
prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file o f used sten cils or Ditto
masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material.

19
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Class A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina­
tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu­
ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower
level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application o f
coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example,
locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts
information from several documents; and searches for and interprets
information on the document to determine information to be punched.
May train inexperienced operators.

Cl<xss 6 . Under clo s e supervision or following sp e cific proce­
dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to
punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com­
bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May
verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents,
follow s specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed
in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of
data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or cod es,
missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera­
ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis­
tributing mail, and other minor clerical work.

SECRETARY
Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an
administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint­
ments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and




SECRETARY — Continued
making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential
mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking
dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand
or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the
recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare
special reports or memorandums for information of superior.

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine
vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype
or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May maintain file s, keep simple records, or perform other rela­
tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool.
D oes not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine
operator.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical
or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific
research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.

OR

Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater
independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi­
denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic
speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge o f general busi­
ness and office procedures and o f the sp ecific business operations,
organization, p o licie s, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this
knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical
tasks such as, maintaining followup file s; assembling material for
reports, memorandums, letters, e tc.; composing simple letters from general
instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine
questions, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work.

20
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard.
Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice
ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information
to persons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For
workers who a lso act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATO R-Continued
Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account­
ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e tc.,
with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams
and some filing work. The work typically involves portions o f a
work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re­
petitive operations.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties o f operator on a single p osi­
tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type
or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. This typing
or clerical work may take the major part o f this w orkers time while at
switchboard.
TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Class A. Operates a variety o f tabulating or electrical a c­
counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu­
lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com­
plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs
difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating
assignments typically involve a variety o f long and complex re­
ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring
some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more
experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera­
tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring
from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and com plex reports.
Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine
operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production
of a group o f tabulating-machine operators.
Class B# Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c­
counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition
to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under
sp ecific instructions and may include the performance o f some wir­
ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu­
lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but
small tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more complex report.
Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where
the procedures are well established. May also include the training
of new employees in the basic operation of the machine.




TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou­
tine vocabulary from tran scribing-machine records. May also type from
written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation
involving a varied technical or sp ecia lized vocabulary such as legal
briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who
takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is
cla ssified as a stenographer, general.

TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make co p ies o f various material or to
make out bills after calculations have been made by another person.
May include typing o f stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in
duplicating processes. May do clerica l work involving little specia l
training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or
sorting and distributing incoming mail.

Class A. Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Typing ma­
terial in final form when it involves combining material from several
Sources or responsibility for correct spellin g, syllabication, punc­
tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma­
terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical
tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type
routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances.

Class B. Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance p ol­
ic ie s , etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying
more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.

21
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
DRAFTSMAN

DRAFTSMAN —Continued

Leader. Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen
in preparation o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or
preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing
purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Inter­
preting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter­
mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in­
specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May
a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment,
or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature.

Senior. Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes,
rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu­
facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following:
Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cr o s s-s e ctio n s ,
e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering
computations such as those involved in strength of materials,
beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions,
materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; and
making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May
ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of
complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe­
cia lized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or
structural drafting.

Junior ( assistant). Draws to scale units or parts of drawings
prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or
manufacturing purposes. Uses various types o f drafting tools as
required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or
perform other duties under direction of a draftsman.
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general
medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be­
come ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other estab­
lishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Givingfirst aid
to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* in­
juries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for
compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and
health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carry­
ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu­
ation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel­
fare, and safety of all personnel.
TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing
tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses
T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw­
ings and do simple lettering.

MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT
CARPEN TER, MAINTENANCE

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main­
tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim
made o f wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following:
Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or
verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable

power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop
computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials
necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car­
penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.




22
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE

HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES

Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
installation, maintenance, or repair o f equipment for the generation, d is­
tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work
involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any o f a variety
of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards,
controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems,
or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay­
outs, or other sp ecification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c­
trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to
load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety
of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In
general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train­
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.

A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties o f lesser skill, such as keeping
a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma­
chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools;
and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The
kind o f work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade:
In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding
materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per­
mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade
that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis.

ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation
of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup­
ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera­
tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining
equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors,
turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and
boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record
of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May
also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establish­
ments employing more than one engineer are excluded.

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation o f one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or milling machines, in the construction o f machine-shop tools, gages,
jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring
complicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; using a variety o f pre­
cision measuring instruments; selectin g feeds, speeds, tooling, and
operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation
to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec­
ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper
coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study
purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification .

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water
and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom
equipment.




Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of
metal parts o f mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work
involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and
specifications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety o f ma­
chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and
operating standard machine tools; shaping o f metal parts to clo s e toler­
ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f
work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the working

23
M A C H IN IST , M A IN T E N A N C E —C on tin u ed

M ILLW RIG H T

properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts,
and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts
into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally
requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training, and experience.

Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout
are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying
out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a
variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re­
lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers o f gravity; alining
and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and
parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general,
the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi­
ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.

MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors o f an e s ­
tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or d efective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle
and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work o f the auto­
motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually a c­
quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment.
Work involves most o f the follow ing: Examining machines and mechan­
ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is­
mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f
handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective
parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a re­
placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine
shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs
or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling
machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen­
eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva­
lent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are
workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.




OILER
Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur­
faces of. mechanical equipment o f an establishment.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es­
tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge o f surface pecu­
liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush.
May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain
proper color or con sisten cy. In general, the work o f the maintenance
painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following:
Laying out o f work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw­
ings or other written sp ecification s; cutting various s iz e s of pipe to
correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe­
cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by
hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings

24
P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E —C on tin u ed

S H E E T -M E T A L W O RK ER, M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d

and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat­
ing to pressures, flow, and s iz e of pipe required; and making standard
tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general,
the work o f the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva­
lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and
repairing building sanitation or beating system s are excluded.

types o f sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in
cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing
sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance
sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker)

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation o f
vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and
fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake.
In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train­
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an
establishment. Work involves most o f the follow ing: Planning and lay­
ing out all types o f sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints,
models, or other sp ecification s; setting up and operating all available

Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fix­
tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work
involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from
models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written sp ecifica tion s;
using a variety o f tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas­
uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common
metals and alloys; setting up and operating o f machine tools and related
equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions
o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heattreating o f metal
parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve
required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assem bling
o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selectin g appro­
priate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die
maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom
practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers
in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tio n .

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER

GUARD

Transports passengers between floors o f an o ffice building,
apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment.
Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as
those o f starters and janitors are excluded.

Performs routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on tour,
maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity o f em ployees and
other persons entering.




25
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

PACKER, SHIPPING

(Sweeper; charwomen; janitress)
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an o ffice , apartment house, or commercial
or other establishment.

Duties involve a combination o f the following:

Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish­
ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte­
nance serv ices; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work­
ers who sp ecia lize in window washing are excluded.

Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the sp e cific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container employed, and method o f shipment. Work requires the
placing o f items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f
the following: Knowledge o f various items o f stock in order to verify
content; selection o f appropriate type and size o f container; inserting
enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent
breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; and applying labels
or entering identifying data on container.
Packers who also make
wooden boxes or crates are excluded.

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon­

A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store,
or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing:

Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or

from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv­
ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location;
and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel­
barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.

sible for incoming shipments o f merchandise or other materials.
ping work involves:
routes,

Ship-

A knowledge o f shipping procedures, practices,

available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing

records o f the goods shipped, making up bills o f lading, posting weight
and shipping charges, and keeping a file o f shipping records.
direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment.
work involves:

May

Receiving

Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct­

ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records;
checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan­
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)

dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary
records and files.

F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus­
tomers* orders, or other instructions.

May, in addition to filling orders

and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders,
requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and
perform other related duties.




For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s:
R eceiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk

26
T R U C K D R IV E R

T R U C K E R , POW ER

Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma­
terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab­
lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,
wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments
and customers9 houses or places o f business. May also load or unload
truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep
truck in good working order. Driver*salesmen and over*the*road drivers
are excluded.

Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size
and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on
the basis o f trailer capacity.)
Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons)
Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)




For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type o f
truck, as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)

WATCHMAN
Makes rounds o f premises periodically in protecting property
against fire, theft, and illegal entry.







Available On Request—

The fourth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists,
engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of
personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees.
Order as BLS Bulletin 1387, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech­
nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1963» 40 cents a copy.

Occupational Wage Surveys
A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins
is available upon request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402,
or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover.
Bulletin
number

Area

Bulletin
number

Price

Area

Akron, Ohio____________________________________
Albany—Schenectady—Troy, N. Y ________________
Albuquerque, N. M e x __________________________
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N. J________
Atlanta, Ga_____________________________________
Baltimore, Md 1________________________________
Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x ___________________
Birmingham, Ala______________________________
Boise, Idaho___________________________________
Boston, M a ss1__________________________________

1345-81
1345-53
1345-63
1345-45
1345-71
1345-23
1345-67
1345-56
1345-74
1345-15

20 cents
20 cents
20 cents
20 cents
25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
20 cents
20 cents
25 cents

Miami, F la_____________________________________
Milwaukee, W is 1_______________________________
Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn1___________________
Muskegon—Muskegon Heights , Mich____________
Newark and Jersey City, N. J __________________
New Haven, Conn_______________________________
New Orleans, L a 1______________________________
New York, N. Y 1_______________________________
Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News—
Hampton, Va 1_________________________________
Oklahoma City, Okla___________________________

1345-33
1345-59
1345-38
1345-69
1345-46
1345-37
1345-44
1345-79

20
25
25
20
25
20
25
40

1345-75
1385-2

25 cents
20 cents

Buffalo, N. Y 1__________________________________
Burlington, V t 1_________________________________
Canton, Ohio________________ __________________
Charleston, W. V a _____________________________
Charlotte, N. C _________________________________
Chattanooga, Tenn. —Ga________________________
Chicago, 1111___________________________________
Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky____________________________
Cleveland, Ohio1_______________________________
Columbus, Ohio1_______________________________

1345-30
1345-50
1345-64
1345-61
1345-58
1385-5
1345-65
1345-54
1345-14
1345-28

25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
20 cents
20 cents
20 cents
30 cents
20 cents
25 cents
25 cents

Omaha, Nebr. —Iowa____________________________
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N. J_________________
Philadelphia, Pa. —N. J 1________________________
Phoenix, A r iz __________________________________
Pittsburgh, P a 1________________________________
Portland, Maine_______________________________
Portland, Oreg. —Wash_________________________
Providence—Pawtucket, R. I.—M a ss1___________
Raleigh, N. C 1__________________________________
Richmond, V a __________________________________

1345-12
1345-76
1345-31
1345-57
1345-40
1345-24
1345-7 3
1345-70
1385-7
1345-19

20
20
30
20
25
20
25
25
25
20

cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents

Dallas, T ex1___________________________________
Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—1111______
Dayton, Ohio____________________________________
Denver, C olo___________________________________
Des Moines, Iowa______________________________
Detroit, Mich1___________________________________
Fort Worth, T ex1______________________________
Green Bay, W is________________________________
Greenville, S. C ________________________________
Houston, T e x ___________________________________

1345-21
1345-18
1345-35
1345-32
1345-42
1345-47
1345-27
1385-4
1345-68
1345-82

25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
25 cents
20 cents
25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
20 cents
25 cents

Rockford, 111___________________________________
St. Louis, M o .-I ll1____________________________
Salt Lake City, Utah1___________________________
San Antonio, T ex1______________________________
San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, Calif______
San Diego, Calif1_______________________________
San Francisco—Oakland, Calif1_________________
Savannah, Ga __________________________________
Scranton, Pa___________________________________
Seattle, Wash1__________________________________

1345-55
1345-17
1345-25
1345-78
1345-9
1345-10
1345-34
1345-60
1345-5
1345-4

20
25
25
25
20
25
25
20
15
25

cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents

Indianapolis, Ind_______________________________
Jackson, M iss__________________________________
Jacksonville, F la 1______________________________
Kansas City, M o.—Kans________________________
Lawrence—Haverhill, M ass.—N. H _____________
Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark____________
Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif1_______________
Louisville, Ky. —Ind1___________________________
Lubbock, Tex__________________________________
Manchester, N. H ______________________________
Memphis, Tenn_______________________ -________

1345-26
1345-43
1345-39
1345-22
1345-77
1385-3
1345-62
1345-48
1345-72
1385-1
1345-36

25 cents
20 cents
25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
20 cents
30 cents
25 cents
20 cents
20 cents
25 cents

Sioux Falls, S. Dak________
South Bend, Ind____________
Spokane, Wash1____________
Toledo, Ohio1______________
Trenton, N. J 1______________
Washington, D. C. —Md. —'Va l .
Waterbury, Conn___________
Waterloo, Iowa 1____________
Wichita, Kans______________
Worcester, M ass___________
York, P a___________________

1345-13
1345-52
1345-66
1345-51
1345-29
1345-16
1345-49
1345-20
1385-6
1345-80
1345-41

20 cents
20 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
25 cents
20 cents
2D cents
20 cents

Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.




Price
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents