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Occupational Wage Survey NORFOLK-PORTSMOUTH AND NEWPORT NEWS-HAMPTON, VIRGINIA JUNE 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-82 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S Ewan Clogue, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey NORFOLK-PORTSMOUTH AND NEWPORT NEWS-HAMPTON, VIRGINIA JUNE 1961 B u lle t in N o . 1 2 8 5 -3 2 July 1961 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sole by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The C om m u n ity W age S u rvey P r o g r a m I n t r o d u c t io n ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The Bureau, o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s r e g u la r ly c o n d u c ts a rea w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n u m b er o f im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l cen ters. T h e stu d ie s, m ade fr o m la te fa ll to e a r ly sp rin g , re la te to o c cu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e la te d su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits . A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n o f the study in e a c h a r e a , u su a lly in the m on th fo llo w in g the p a y r o ll p e r io d studied. T h is b u lletin p r o v id e s a d d ition a l data not in clu d e d in the e a r lie r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly tica l b u lle tin s u m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f a ll o f the y e a r 's s u r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le t io n o f the fin a l a r e a b u lletin fo r the c u r r e n t roun d o f s u r v e y s . T a b le s: 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y ------------------- 2 A: O ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s: * A - 1. O ffice o c cu p a tio n s ___________________________________________ A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a tio n s ___________________ A - 3. M ain ten an ce and p o w e r plant o c cu p a tio n s -------------------------A -4 . C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ----------------- 4 5 6 7 E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s : * B-l. Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s ____________________________________________ B -2 . M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s _ B -3 . S ch edu led w eek ly h o u r s _____________________________________ B -4 . P a id h o lid a y s _________________________________________________ B - 5. P a id v a c a t i o n s ________________________________________________ B -6 . H ealth, in s u r a n c e , and p en sion p la n s _____________________ 9 10 11 12 13 15 B: T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in A tlan ta , G a., by D onald M . C r u s e , u nder the d i r e c t io n o f L o u is B . W oytych , A s s is ta n t R eg ion a l D ir e c t o r fo r W age s a n d In d u stria l R e la tio n s . 1 A p p en dix: O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip t io n s _____________________________________ * N O T E : S im ila r ta bu la tion s fo r th ese and oth er it e m s a r e a v a ila b le in the N o r fo lk —P o r ts m o u th (H am pton R oa d s) a r e a r e p o r t fo r F e b r u a r y 1952. A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date o f study and the p r ic e o f th is r e p o r t , a s w e ll a s o f r e p o r t s fo r oth er m a jo r a r e a s , is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t. Union s c a le s , in d ic a tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls in the N o r fo lk a r e a , a r e a ls o a v a ila b le fo r sev en s e le c t e d b u ild in g tr a d e s . iii 17 Occupational Wage Survey—Norfolk-Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va. Introduction This a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l im p orta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te rs in w h ich the U. S. D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r ’ s B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics has con d u cted s u r v e y s o f o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d w age b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . In this a r e a , data w e r e obtain ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u reau fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e esta b lis h m e n ts w ith in six b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u fa ctu rin g; tr a n s p o rta tio n , 1 c o m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e; r e ta il tra d e; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e ra tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e om itted a ls o b e c a u s e they fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o ccu p a tio n s stud ied to w a r rant in c lu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , se p a r a te ta bu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d fo r e a ch o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s . T h e se s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rv e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain a p p r o p r ia te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n o f la rg e than o f s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied . In com b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv en th eir a p p ro p r ia te w eigh t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stud ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as r e latin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou p in g and a r e a , ex ce p t f o r th ose b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied. O ccu p a tion s and E arn in gs The o ccu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tion a l c l a s s ific a t io n is b a se d on a u n ifo r m se t o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d esig n ed to take a cco u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n in du ties w ithin the sa m e jo b . (See ap pen dix fo r lis tin g o f th ese d e s c r ip t io n s . ) E a rn in gs data a r e p r e s e n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) fo r the fo llo w in g ty p es o f o c c u p a tio n s : (a) O ffice c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c ) m a in te n an ce and p o w erp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t. O ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t and ea rn in g s data a r e show n fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ire d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in the g iv en o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in g s data ex clu d e p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and 1 R a ilr o a d s , fo r m e r l y e x clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f th e se stu d ie s , w e r e in clu d ed in a ll o f the a r e a s stud ied s in c e July 1959, e x c e p t B a lti m o r e (S e p te m b e r 1959 and D e c e m b e r I9 6 0 ), B u ffa lo (O c to b e r 1959), C lev ela n d (S ep tem b er 1959), and Seattle (A u gu st 1959). late s h ifts. N on p rod u ction b o n u se s a r e ex clu d e d a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b o n u se s and in cen tiv e ea rn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h ere w eek ly h ou rs a r e r e p o r t e d , as fo r o ffic e c le r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o r k sc h e d u le s (roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e paid; a v e r a g e w e e k ly ea rn in g s fo r th ese occu p a tio n s h ave b e e n roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f m en and w om en a r e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d . D iffe r e n c e s in pay le v e ls o f m en and w om en in th ese o c cu p a tio n s a r e la r g e ly due to ( l ) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is tr ib u tio n o f the s e x e s am ong in d u str ie s and e sta b lis h m e n ts ; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific du ties p e r fo r m e d , although the occu p a tio n s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in length of s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w w hen in dividu al s a la r ie s a r e ad ju sted on this b a s is . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e s u lt in h ig h er a v e r a g e pay w hen both s e x e s a r e em p lo y e d w ith in the sa m e rate ra n ge. Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese su r v e y s a r e u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in dividu al esta b lis h m e n ts to a llow f o r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am on g esta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c ifi c duties p e r fo r m e d . O ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in a ll esta b lis h m e n ts w ithin the s c o p e o f the study and not the n u m b er a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e ca u se of d iffe r e n c e s in o ccu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re am ong e sta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o c cu p a tio n a l em p loy m en t obtain ed fr o m the sa m p le o f esta b lis h m e n ts studied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce of the jo b s stu d ied. T h ese d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u pa tion a l stru c tu re do n ot m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n ings data. E s ta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en tary W age P r o v is io n s In form a tion is p r e s e n te d a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits as th ey r e late to o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s . The te rm " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " as u sed in this b u lle tin , in clu d es w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c le r i c a l o r re la te d fu n ctio n s, and e x clu d e s a d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. "P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu d e w ork in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu din g le a d m en and tr a in e e s ) en gaged in n o n o ffic e fu n ctio n s. A d m in is tr a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and fo r c e -a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s w ho a r e u tiliz e d as a se p a ra te w o rk f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d . C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e ex clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s , but a r e in clu d ed as plant w o r k e r s in n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . 2 T ab le 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o rk ers within scope of su rve y and num ber studied in N orfolk —P o rtsm o u th and N ew port New s—H am pton, V a. , 1 by m a jo r in du stry d iv isio n , 2 June 1961 In d u s try d iv is io n A ll d iv is io n s M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f s tu d y N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s W ith in scope of s tu d y 3 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s W ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y S tu d ie d S tu d ie d T otal 4 O ffice P la n t T otal 4 _______________________________________________________ 50 292 93 6 3 ,9 0 0 7 , 100 49, 800 4 2 , 2 70 M a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________________________________ T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s 5 _____________________________________________ W h o l e s a le t r a d e ________________ ______ R e t a il t r a d e ____________________________________________________ F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ______________________ S e r v i c e s 7 _____ ___ 50 50 105 187 34 59 3 2 , 7 00 3 1, 200 2 , 100 5, 0 00 2 8 ,4 0 0 2 1 ,4 0 0 2 5 , 270 1 7 ,0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 40 18 9 , 000 2, 3 00 1 4 ,4 0 0 2, 500 3, 0 00 1, 200 5, 8 00 7 , 0 40 1, 040 6 , 700 1, 140 1 ,0 8 0 21 6 81 14 31 21 4 10 ( 6) 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 1 The N orfolk —P ortsm ou th and New port N ew s—H am pton Standard M e trop olitan S ta tistica l A r e a s (C itie s o f H am pton, N ew port N e w s, N o r fo lk , P o r tsm o u th , South N o rfo lk , and V irg in ia B each; N o r fo lk , P r in c e s s A nn e, and Y ork C ou n tie s). The "w o r k e r s within scope of stu d y " e s tim a te s shown in this table provide a r ea so n a b ly accu rate d e sc r ip tio n of the siz e and com p o sitio n of the la b o r fo r c e included in the su rv e y . The e stim a te s are not intended, h ow ever, to se r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r iso n with other a r e a em ploym en t in dexes to m e a s u r e em ploym en t trend s o r le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of wage su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the u se of esta b lish m en t data c om p iled c o n sid e r a b ly in advance of the p a y ro ll p eriod studied, and (2) s m a ll e sta b lish m e n ts are exclu d ed fr o m the scope of the su rv e y . 2 The 1957 r e v ise d edition of the Standard In d ustrial C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g esta b lish m en ts by in du stry d iv isio n . M a jo r chan ges fr o m the e a r lie r edition (used in the B u r e a u 's lab or m a rk et wage su rv e y s conducted p r io r to July 1958) a re the tr a n sfe r of m ilk p a ste u riz a tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d con crete esta b lish m e n ts fr o m tra d e (w h o lesa le or retail) to m an ufacturin g, and the tra n sfe r o f radio and te le v isio n b r oad castin g fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Includes a ll e sta b lish m en ts with total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the area) of com p an ies in su ch in d u strie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tio n -p ic tu r e th e a te rs a r e c o n sid ere d as 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 Includes ex ec u tive, p r o fe s s io n a l, and other w o rk ers exclu ded fr o m the sep arate o ffic e and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T ax ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tra n sp ortation w ere exclu d ed . 6 This in du stry d iv isio n is rep r e se n te d in e stim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s . S ep arate p resen ta tio n of data fo r this d iv isio n is not m ade fo r one or m o r e o f the follow in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p loym en t in the d iv isio n is too sm a ll to provide enough data to m e r it sep arate study, (2) the sam p le w as not d esign ed in itia lly to p e r m it sep arate p resen tation , (3) r esp o n se w as in su fficie n t or inadequate to p e r m it sep arate p resen tation , (4) th e re is p o s s ib ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual esta b lish m en t data. 7 H otels; p er so n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; au tom obile r ep a ir sh ops; m otion p ictu r e s; nonprofit m e m b e r sh ip org a n iza tio n s; and en gin eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . 3 Shift d iffe r e n tia l data (table B - l ) a r e lim ite d to m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s . T h is in fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b lish m en t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f tota l plant w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d on the b a s is o f w o r k e r s a ctu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the su r v e y . In e sta b lish m en ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount applying to a m a jo r ity w as u sed o r , if no am ount a p p lied to a m a jo r ity , the c l a s s ific a tio n ''o t h e r " w as u sed . In esta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich s o m e la t e sh ift h ou rs a r e p a id at n o rm a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d on ly if it a p p lied to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u rs. M in im u m en tra n ce ra tes (table B -2 ) re la te on ly to the e s t a b lish m en ts v is it e d . T h ey a r e p r e s e n te d on an esta b lis h m e n t, ra th er than on an em p lo y m e n t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and health, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n plans a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th ese a r e a p p lica b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o r k e r s a re e lig ib le o r m a y ev en tu a lly q u a lify f o r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . S ch ed u led h ou rs a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a sis that th ese a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m a jo r ity a re c o v e r e d . 3 B e c a u s e o f roun din g, su m s o f in div id u al ite m s in th ese tabu lation s m a y not equ al to ta ls . The f ir s t p a rt o f the p a id h olid a y s ta ble p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w hole and h a lf h olid a y s a ctu a lly p r o v id e d . The s e c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w hole and h a lf h olid a y s to sh ow total h olid a y t im e . D ata a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll h ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n plan s f o r w h ich at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r , ex ce p tin g on ly le g a l r e q u ire m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n sa tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. Such plan s in clu d e th ose u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n ce com p a n y and th o se p r o v id e d th rough a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r re n t o p e ra tin g funds o r fr o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r this p u r p o s e . D eath b e n e fits a r e in clu d ed as a fo r m o f life in s u r a n c e . S ick n e ss and a c c id e n t in su r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in s u r a n ce u n der w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a ym en ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the in su r e d on a w eek ly o r m on th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ility . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r a ll su ch plan s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r co n trib u te s . H o w e v e r, in N ew Y o rk and N ew J e r s e y , w h ich have en a cted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n ce la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,4 plans a r e in clu d ed o n ly i f the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n trib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the r e q u ire m e n ts o f the law . T ab u lation s o f p a id s i c k - le a v e p la n s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l p la n s 5 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll pa y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's p a y d u rin g a b s e n ce fr o m w ork b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S ep a ra te ta bu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) .plans w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y and no w aitin g p e r io d , and (2) plan s p r o v id in g e ith e r p a r tia l pa y o r a w aitin g p e r io d . In a d dition to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su r a n ce o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n du plica ted tota l is show n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fits . The su m m a ry o f v a ca tio n plan s is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m en ts, ex clu d in g in fo r m a l plans w h e r e b y tim e o ff w ith p a y is gra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S ep a ra te e s tim a te s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com pu tin g v a c a tio n p a y m e n ts , su ch as tim e p a y m en ts, p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s, o r fla t -s u m am ou n ts. H ow ev er, in the tabu lation s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p a ym en ts not on a tim e b a s is w e re c o n v e rte d ; fo r e x a m p le , a pa ym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the eq u iv a len t o f 1 w e e k 's pay. C a ta strop h e in s u r a n ce , s o m e tim e s r e fe r r e d to as ex ten ded m e d ic a l in s u r a n ce , in clu d e s th o se p la n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju ry in v olv in g e x p e n s e s b eyon d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s. M e d ic a l in su r a n ce r e fe r s to pla n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le te o r p a r tia l p a ym en t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s . Such p la n s m a y be u n d erw ritten b y c o m m e r c ia l in su r a n ce co m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r th ey m a y be s e lf-in s u r e d . T ab u lation s o f r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se pla n s that p r o v id e m on th ly p a ym en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . 2 An esta b lish m en t w as c o n s id e r e d as having a p o li c y if it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g co n d itio n s: (1) O p era ted la te sh ifts at the tim e o f the su r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te sh ifts. 3 S ch edu led w eek ly h ou rs f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s (fir s t s e c tio n o f ta ble B -3 ) in su r v e y s m a de p r io r to Ju ly 1957 w e r e p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o ffic e s w ith the in d ica te d w eek ly h ou rs f o r w om en w o r k e r s . 4 The te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R h ode Islan d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n trib u tio n s. 5 A n e sta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as h aving a fo r m a l p la n if it e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b er o f da ys o f s ic k le a v e that c o u ld be e x p e cte d b y e a c h e m p lo y e e . Such a p la n n eed n ot b e w ritten , but in fo r m a l s i c k - le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d iv id u al b a s is , w e r e e x clu d e d . A* Occupational Earnings Table A -l. O ffice Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Norfolk—Portsm outh and Newport News—Hampton, Va. , June 1961) Average S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ 30. 00 Weekly Weekly hours 1 earnings1 and (Standard) (Standard) u n d er 35. 00 $ 35. 00 $ 4 0. 00 $ 4 5. 00 $ 55. 00 60. 00 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ $ 7 0. 00 7 5. 00 $ 80. 00 $ $ 85. 00 9 0. 00 4 0. 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 _5 5 i_OOL 60. 00 65. 00 7 0. 00 7 5. 00 _80_._00_ 8 5. 00 90. 00 $ 50. 00 $ $ $ $ $ 95. 00 100. 00 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . oo 115. 00 and 9 5, 00 100_00_ 105. 00 n o . o o l i m n . M en ---------------------------------------------- 56 32 39. 5 3 9. 5 $ 1 0 4 .5 0 109 .00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 40. 0 60.5 0 47 37 39. 5 39. 5 55.0 0 5 1.50 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A O ffic e b o y s 2 5 4 3 8 4 4 10 6 7 5 4 2 13 ~ n r “ 11 6 2 4 1 2 1 3 5 4 4 9 9 13 11 4 4 6 6 5 1 1 3 “ 2 2 - - - - - - - - . - - 11 11 16 2 14 21 9 12 20 10 10 3 2 1 4 4 “ 10 3 7 _ - - 1 1 - _ 6 6 - - 14 6 8 - “ - - _ - 2 2 43 3 40 80 80 42 1 41 33 6 27 58 5 53 12 5 7 4 1 3 _ - 14 14 1 1 1 1 . - . “ - - - ■ ■ " " - - - 1 - 7 6 3 - 6 5 4 4 17 17 8 5 3 2 2 2 7 7 2 2 - " - - 3 3 6 6 23 4 19 36 10 26 29 4 25 30 13 17 31 10 21 5 2 3 3 1 2 4 4 " 2 2 _ 5 5 3 3 ” - - _ " - - 39 39 15 15 23 23 6 6 3 3 60 35 21 20 - - 37 - 10 - - - " - " . 4 12 12 4 . . . _ . . . 10 10 - 16 9 7 2 17 7 10 6 6 27 7 2 2 - - - - - - _ 21 3 18 ” 4 " - 6 3 5 15 7 8 3 3 W om en B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a ch in e ) -----------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________________ B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A _______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _______ - ____ __ __ ____________________ ___ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------------------------- 106 36 70 4 1 .0 39. 5 41. 5 6 9 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B _______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ___________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________________ 290 35 255 3 9. 5 3 9. 5 3 9. 5 5 3.50 6 8 .0 0 52.0 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A ______________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------------------------- 60 50 40. 0 4 0. 0 8 1 .5 0 8 3 .0 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B ______________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ____________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------------------------- 180 58 122 40. 0 39. 5 40. 0 6 4 .5 0 7 2 .0 0 6 1.0 0 " 283 100 40. 0 39. 5 6 5.5 0 4 5 .0 0 2 2 12 12 _______________________________________________ 32 40. 0 5 9.50 . . . C l e r k s , p a y r o ll --------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g -----------------------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 _____________________________________ 117 49 68 26 5 5 5 5 6 7.5 0 6 6.5 0 *68.50 7 4 .0 0 - - 3 3 - K ey p u n ch o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------------------------------------- 78 4 0. 0 7 2 .5 0 S e c r e t a r ie s ___________________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ____________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _______________________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 __________________________ _________ 207 92 115 51 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 39. 8 2 .0 0 8 9 .5 0 7 6 .0 0 7 7 .0 0 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B _______________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _______________________________________ C le rk s , o rd e r S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le. 3 9. 3 9. 3 9. 3 8. 0 0 0 5 ■ - - “ ' 1 3 8 - 8 8 6 6 5 2 - 5 4 3 5 22 15 " 8 6 2 _ 20 6 3 10 9 2 6 13 3 10 10 20 2 18 11 26 12 14 8 24 13 11 6 28 19 23 14 9 9 1 2 12 2 10 5 " * 1 4 3 1 2 1 1 1 6 5 1 15 ~ * n ~ 4 2 5 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Norfolk—Portsm outh and Newport News—Hampton, V a. , June 1961) Avebaob S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n of workers Weekly. (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly j 30. 00 and earnings (Standard) u n d er 3 5. 00 $ 35. 00 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 50. 00 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 5 . 00 $ 8 0 . 00 $ 8 5. 00 $ 9 0. 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 6 5. 00 7.0,00 7 5 .0 0 . _8QJ30 8 5 . 00 90. 00 9 5. 00 100.00 $ 9 5 .0 0 $ $ $ $ 1 0 0 .0 0 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 cLlld 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 , M over W o m e n — C on tin u ed S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l -----------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ___________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ---------------------------------------------------------- 296 118 178 40. 0 4 0 .0 39. 5 $ 6 9 .5 0 7 5. 00 6 5 . 50 . . “ “ 2 2 S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ______________________________________ 146 124 41. 0 41. 0 54. 00 51. 50 23 23 4 4 11 11 S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n is t s ____________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ---------------------------------------------------------- 58 38 40. 0 40. 0 6 1 .0 0 6 2. 00 _ _ 3 “ T r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l _____________ 30 40. 0 71. 00 _ T y p is t s , c l a s s A ____________________________ ____________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 _____________________________________ 60 38 34 39. 0 39. 0 38. 5 6 7 . 50 6 5. 00 6 5. 50 ~ T y p is t s , c l a s s B ___________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ---------------------------------------------------------P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 ___________ _______________________ 151 89 27 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 56. 50 51. 50 55. 00 6 6 12 12 24 7 17 37 6 31 37 6 31 65 36 29 49 21 28 12 6 6 12 6 6 10 7 3 6 r ~ 38 33 15 12 17 15 6 3 13 10 1 ~ 8 7 3 " - 3 3 15 11 8 7 13 5 4 3 _ " 8 7 2 " " 1 1 _ _ _ 2 1 6 2 7 _ 12 _ _ _ _ - “ “ 9 1 1 10 10 7 13 12 12 3 ------- 3 3 10 9 9 8 1 - 3 2 2 2 “ 2 " _ 3 3 17 15 2 42 31 18 15 9 14 11 3 29 8 4 19 - - - - - 6 -------6 — - - Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly h ours. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 1 at $ 115 to $ 120; 3 at $ 120 to $ 125; 2 at $ 125 to $ 130; 2 at $ 130 to $ 135; 3 at $ 135 and over. Transportation, communication, and other public u tilitie s. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 7 at $ 115 to $ 120; 1 at $ 120 to $ 125; 2 at $ 125 to $ 130; 1 at $ 130 to $ 135. Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations Salaries of profession al and technical w orkers are omitted from this report. Data do not m eet publication c rite ria . 10 3 7 13 12 1 1 . _ " ~ _ _ _ “ _ 5 4 1 . l . i ■ ■ . . ■ ■ - l l ■ _ _ _ - - “ “ ■ ■ - - - _ _ - . I 1 2 3 4 7 3 4 6 Table A-3. M aintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , N o r fo lk —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o rt N ew s—H a m p ton , V a . , June 1961) N U M BER OF WO RK ERS R E CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN INGS OF— Occupation and industry division C arpenters, maintenance ________________ E le ctrician s, maintenance ----------------------Manufacturing ______________ _____ . Number of 1 1 2 176 154 S $ $ Average 1. 30 1. 40 hourly Under 1 . 2 0 and earnings1 % under 1 . 2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1. 50 2 .4 0 F ire m en , stationary b oiler --------------------Manufacturing ____________________ ___ 62 40 1 .8 0 1 .7 4 M achin ists, maintenance _____ _____ __ Manufacturing -------- -------- -------- — 76 72 M echanics, automotive (maintenance) _____________________ Manufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------ ----Public utilities 3 ___________________ 166 45 1 2 1 109 M ech anics, maintenance ____________ ___ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 134 92 42 P ain ters, maintenance ___________________ 65 1 2 3 4 1 .6 0 $ $ $ $ 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 2 1 . 9 0 6 . 18 2 - 13 - 2 1 “ ■ _ _ " ■ 9 9 “ 9 9 ■ 2. 77 2. 74 . . . " " ■ . . 2. 2. - - - - ■ ~ “ - . ■ . 59 2 .4 9 2 . 81 - . - _ - - 2 .4 9 5 2 26 08 32 33 2 ■ " - 2 1 ■ - - 2 1 3 3 3 2 0 0 2 . 1 0 2 . 2 . 1 0 2 . 2 0 2. 30 0 0 2 “ 16 “ 2 $ . 1 2 . 2 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2 . 70 2 . 80 2 . 2 .4 0 3 1 2. 50 2 2 l 7 7 2 2 1 “ _ . ■ “ 2 4 2 18 - _ 8 2 6 6 13 1 6 1 6 8 ■ 5 ■ E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 5 at $ 0 . 60 to $ 0 . 70; 6 at $ 1 to $ 1. 10. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 . 4 0 to $ 3. 50. * 2 0 - 4 4 ■ ■ 9 9 9 9 9 69 - _ _ ~ " 1 2 3 9 9 1 6 1 6 " 41 4 37 33 ~ 27 _ 2 2 4 4 ~ _ _ - - ■ 9 16 16 16 5 5 15 1 14 14 14 9 5 2 .9 0 2 ,6 0 2 .7 0 4 5 19 38 19 19 26 16 36 35 46 46 2 . 80 9 0 3 .0 0 S $ $ S 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 10 . 4 ” - - 7 _ 1 6 3 1 1 35 3 3 1 1 15 15 8 ! 1 ■ 46 1 6 - " 3 “ 3 3 17 17 _ “ 2 0 ! - _ 1 1 - - - " ■ " 18 4 14 14 7 3 18 17 1 . - . 2 1 1 1 2 - 1 1 1 ■ “ 1 9 9 2 9 - . 15 15 1 4 4 . 7 7 - 1 _ ' " 1 15 15 _ ~ 1 2 _ - " 1 1 1 ~ 1 - 1 and over 4 - 16 16 “ 3. 30 ! 5 " 3. 20 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 6 6 $ 2 9 9 . 06 . 08 2. 05 2 $ . 9 0 4 2. 76 2. 74 38 322 75 71 1. 50 $2. 58 E ngin eers, stationary ____________________ H elpers, tra d es, maintenance ---------Nonmanufacturing --------- — ------------Public u tilitie s 3 ______________ __ S 39 38 1 2 0 " 1 1 1 - 1 7 7 " 8 - _ - 8 1 1 “ 3 3 _ 1 6 1 6 3 7 4 1 0 1 6 - - - - ■ ~ 5 5 - 2 ■ 7 Table A-4. Custodial and M aterial Movement Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Norfolk—P ortsm outh and Newport New s—Hampton, V a. , June 1961) NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN ING S OF— Occupation 1 Number of workers and industry division E levator op erators, p assen ger (women) ___ _____ ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Guards _____________________________________ Janitors, p o r te r s, and cleaners (men) _______ __ __ _____ ________ ____ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public u tilitie s 4 __________ ________ Janitors, p o r te r s, and cleaners (women) __________________________________ 61 61 2 2 2 $ $ $ S Average s hourly « 0. 50 0 . 60 0. 70 0 . 80 0 . 9 earnings and under . 6 0 . 70 . 80 .9 0 1 . 0 $ 0 .6 3 .6 3 2 . 1 0 3 26 26 9 9 _ _ 252 409 56 1 .4 2 1 .8 7 1. 15 1. 52 - 5 5 " 168 156 . 92 35 35 4 .8 8 _ _ - 6 6 1 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 2 _ 6 6 - 10 Order fille r s _______________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ P a c k e rs, shipping 911 541 370 205 131 T W ________________________ 27 Receiving clerk s __________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 108 54 54 Shipping and receiving clerks __________ 35 T ru ckdrivers 6 _____ _____ _______________ Manufacturing __ ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public u tilitie s 4 ___________________ 972 262 710 T ru ck d rivers, light (upder IV 2 tons) --------- ----------------------------Nonmanufacturing _ T ru ck d rivers, medium ( l 1/? to and including 4 tons) _____________________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ Public utilities 4 ___ See footnotes at end of table. 2 1 6 1 .7 5 1 . 8 6 . 60 1 .8 2 1 1 .4 9 1 .4 5 _ 10 10 - 1 10 2 2 0 1 3 3 . 1 0 $ 1 . 10 1 . 1 . 2 0 1. 30 2 0 . 16 2. 67 1 .6 5 _ 3 4 _ 9 172 94 7 87 7 78 15 63 7 23 6 - 8 - 164 " 18 18 75 74 _ - 65 47 18 6 _ . . " " ' " “ 4 “ " 4 6 6 4 4 53 1 52 38 38 9 Q 7 57 30 27 “ 8 15 2 9 1 .4 9 . 66 2. 07 1 117 1 1 . . 2 0 8 " - 16 1 .4 8 1 .4 8 1 .4 9 2 .0 2 - - - - - - - - 8 ” * " 1 .6 0 1. 70 1 1 29 38 14 24 19 14 1 2 2 7 5 5 - - - 10 4 1 . 80 . 1 .9 0 _ 2 . 0 0 1 46 27 19 73 73 6 6 15 51 42 51 49 6 1 4 " 4 4 31 31 3 2 1 6 1 2 1 1 2 16 1 1 1 4 2 6 3 1 2 4 1 0 1 5 1 1 1 1 - 1 4 3 9 2 2 6 3 3 10 - - ' " 35 35 - - - 8 8 104 17 1 2 1 29 29 42 42 56 3 53 56 1 1 45 44 41 3 3 7 7 7 1 - 24 54 48 1 * 45 - 2 - 2. 30 - 2 “ 2 0 3 2 1 2 8 . - 6 6 114 6 1 1 2 - 53 25 28 9 1 1 6 6 1 0 2 10 - i 113 2 7 2 2 6 6 10 56 52 4 4 2 2 6 115 “ . - 1 1 4 1 2 1 . $ 2 - 48 37 4 192 116 76 - 2 $ 0 0 . 2 0 . $ s $ $ $ 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 and 2 .4 0 76 2. 50 2 2 . 60 2. 70 over 17 1 1 1 - - 1 1 15 15 - 16 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 60 28 32 32 30 30 28 53 49 4 62 . - . - - 60 46 14 14 - " - - " " 4 " " 4 3 3 - 1 6 - 1 1 .8 2 1 . 6 1 1. 50 _ . “ 1 .4 0 4 4 . 2 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1. 90 2 . - 1 . 6 1 1 1 0 481 223 258 56 - 1 . 0 0 _ * L a b o r e rs, m aterial handling ___________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public u tilitie s 4 ___ _______________ $ 0 73 15 58 17 17 26 8 32 24 18 8 - 43 42 - 59 3 56 49 - 1 2 0 6 10 1 - 6 - - ■ - 2 “ " 24 16 8 8 50 14 36 6 6 15 4 1 1 8 1 7 18 2 2 1 9 1 1 1 1 8 _ 3 6 7 8 8 2 8 - - 8 - 3 9 9 18 83 31 52 48 1 2 - - 2 2 2 - 39 33 52 28 24 20 1 2 1 1 6 - 16 42 33 9 - " 1 2 - 1 1 6 16 6 2 8 8 1 6 2 26 1 ~ Z T 1 ■ 2 1 5 20 1 1 - - - 123 123 56 - - - " " ■ 4 3 - 4 3 1 1 1 - 1 1 " 2 1 2 2 1 8 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , N o r fo lk —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o rt N ew s—H a m pton, V a. , June 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n 292 3l 261 126 $ $ s $ S Average hourly , 0 . 5 0 0 . 6 0 0 . 7 0 0 . 8 0 0 . 9 0 and earnings u nder . 80 . 70 .9 0 1 .0 0 . 60 $2. 1. 2. 2. 03 44 11 12 - 1. 10 1 .2 0 1. 30 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 6 6 4 11 11 6 5 5 8 8 - 35 35 47 47 40 12 12 - 9 3 6 ■ " " 15 15 8 . . . . . - - - - - 33 33 - 9 9 - 70 21 49 9 9 13 11 2 ■ “ " ■ _ ' " ■ " 58 lo 48 48 - - - - - - - ■ ■ ■ 1 1 - " ~ " 42 25 17 7 4 3 52 24 28 12 12 " 151 149 1. 7 4 1 .7 3 - - " " 176 1. 16 1. 27 1. 08 75 8 3 3 5 8 3 3 38 — §— 30 " 2 _ 2 I-----------1 2 3 4 5 6 7 $ $ 1. 8 0 1 . 9 0 $ $ $ $ $ 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 30 2. 4 0 $ 2. 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2 .7 0 2 . 10 2. 20 2 . 30 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 over - 7 7 - - 1 1 - - ■ " " “ 29 1 28 28 - - 107 1 07 40 4 2 2 17 3 14 14 - 6 6 - 5 5 - 7 4 3 29 2? r 3 2 2 _ " 42 26 16 2 - - - - - - 2 - _ “ - 11 r _ - - - and - T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( o t h e r th a n fo r k lift) _____________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ $ $ 1. 30 1 . 4 0 - 1. 69 1. 76 1 .6 1 1. 72 99 $ 1 .2 0 - 356 194 162 80 77 $ 1. 10 - T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift) ______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 4 ____________________ W a t c h m e n --------------------------------------------------------XAannfa r t n r i n g $ 1 .0 0 ! D a ta lim it e d t o m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a t e d . E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , a n d la te s h ift s . I n c l u d e s 10 w o r k e r s a t $ 0. 30 t o $ 0. 40. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 7 a t $ 2. 80 t o $ 2. 9 0; 6 a t $ 2. 90 t o $ 3; 6 a t $ 3 t o $ 3. 10; 1 a t $ 3. 10 t o $ 3. 20. In c lu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e an d ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a t e d . A l l w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 0. 40 t o $ 0. 50. " 1 i - 3 3 - ■ “ 48 32 16 16 1 16 1 16 8 8 2 2 2 r 2 2 — o o T r u c k d r i v e r s : 6— C o n t in u e d T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s, t r a i l e r ty p e ) ___________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 4 -------------------------- Number of workers 2 .4 0 11 11 _ - t _ - B • Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 9 Table B-l. Shift Differentials (S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l , N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h a n d N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p t o n , V a . , J u n e 1 9 6 1 ) P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r — S e c o n d s h i ft w ork T ota l ______________________ ___________________________ W it h s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l T h ir d o r o th e r s h i ft w o r k 12 . 9 5. 1 12 . 84. 9 23. 2 2 2 .4 c e n t s __________________________________________ 2 V2 cen ts _______________________________________ 3 c e n t s __________________________________________ 4 cen ts _ 5 c e n t s __________________________________________ 6 c e n t s __________________________________________ 7 cen ts l l!z c e n t s 8 cen ts 1 2 cen ts _ I 2 V 2 c e n t s _________________________________ 1 3 z/ 5 c e n t s ______________________________________ 16 c e n t s ___________ _____________________ ___ 1 7 V 2 c e n t s ______________________________________ 20 cen ts _________________________________________ 1. 1 _ U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ______________________________ p ercen t _ _ 7 percen t ______________________________________ 10 p ercen t 5 N o s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ___ T h ir d o r o th e r s h i ft 85. 7 85. 7 2 S e c o n d s h i ft 8 6 .4 _______________________ U n ifo r m ce n ts (p e r h o u r ) A c t u a lly w o r k in g on— .6 3. 9 2. 3 4. 7 - 3. 0 - 8 5. 0 3. 5 1. 5 . 1 . 2 . 2 . 1 1. 0 . 1 . 5 - _ . 1 . 3 3. 9 2. 8 .8 2. 6 . 3 1. 5 1. 4 1. 1 1 .4 2. 0 2. 5 .8 2. 6 62. 5 62. 5 9. 3 3. 5 4. 1 5 8 .4 5 8 .4 4. 1 . 3 . 0 _ 3. 5 - (2) .6 - - .8 1 I n clu d e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s c u r r e n t ly o p e r a t in g la te s h ift s , e v e n t h o u g h t h e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s . 2 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t . 6 .8 an d e s t a b lis h m e n t s . 9 . 3 - (2) . 2 (2) . 1 . 3 .4 . 1 - 9 . 2 w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s . 2 c o v e r i n g la t e s h ifts 10 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women O ffice W orkers ( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a ll i n d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in im u m e n t r a n c e s a la r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s o f in e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h an d N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p to n , V a . , J u n e 1961) In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts M in im u m w e e k ly s a la r y 1 A ll in d u s t r ie s O th e r in e x p e r i e n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g M a n u fa c tu r in g A ll s c h e d u le s 40 A ll s ch e d u le s M a n u fa c tu r in g A ll in d u s t r ie s B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— 40 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g B a se d . on s ta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— A ll s c h e d u le s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s 40 93 34 XXX 59 XXX 93 34 XXX 59 XXX _________________________ 21 9 8 12 6 28 10 9 18 11 $ 3 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 2 . 5 0 ____________________________________________ $ 3 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 5 . 0 0 ____________________________________________ $ 3 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 7 . 5 0 ________________________________ _____ _______ $ 3 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 . 0 0 _____________________________________________ $ 4 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 2 . 5 0 ____________________________________________ $ 4 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 5 . 0 0 _____________________________________________ $ 4 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 7 . 5 0 ____________________________________________ $ 4 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 . 0 0 _____________________________________________ $ 5 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 --------------------------------------------------------------------$ 5 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 _____________________________________________ $ 5 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 7 . 5 0 _____________________________________________ $ 5 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 _____________________________________________ $ 6 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 _____________________________________________ $ 6 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 _____________________________________________ $ 6 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 7 . 5 0 ____________________________________________ O v e r $ 6 7 .5 0 ______________________________________________________________ 2 4 3 4 4 _ 2 - _ 2 - 1 1 2 1 3 1 - _ - _ 3 1 - 2 _ _ _ 9 - 3 - 6 - 4 - - 3 2 3 - 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ E s ta b lis h m e n ts s tu d ie d ____________________________________________________ E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g s p e c i f ie d m in im u m XXX 16 XXX 43 18 XXX 25 XXX 1 1 1 1 - 1 - - - 5 XXX 12 XXX 20 XXX 35 XXX 55 2 - 6 - E s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p lo y w o r k e r s i n t h i s c a t e g o r y _____________________________________________ _______ _______ 1 - 22 - 17 3 1 1 1 - ____________________ 3 2 2 L o w e s t s a la r y r a t e f o r m a l l y e s t a b l is h e d f o r h i r in g i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r t y p in g o r o t h e r c l e r i c a l j o b s . R a t e s a p p l ic a b l e t o m e s s e n g e r s , o f f i c e g i r l s , o r s i m i l a r s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s a r e n o t c o n s i d e r e d . H o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll w o r k w e e k s 3 1 2 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c i fie d m in im u m 2 - 3 4 5 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 - 2 1 2 2 2 - c o m b in e d , an d f o r th e m o s t c o m m o n w o r k w e e k r e p o r t e d . 11 Table B-3. Scheduled W eek ly Hours ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e an d p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h an d N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p t o n , V a . , J u n e 1961) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS W e e k ly h o u r s All industries 3 A ll w o r k e r s _____________________________________________ U n d e r 3 7 V 2 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------3 7 1/z h o u r s ________________ ____________________________ O v e r 3 7 1/2 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s -------------------------------4 0 h o u r s ___________________________________________________ _______________________ O v e r 40 and u n d er 44 h o u rs 4 4 h o u r s ___________________________________________________ O v e r 4 4 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s _______________________ 48 h ou rs ______________________________________ 5 0 h o u r s ___________________________________________________ O v e r 5 0 h o u r s ___________________________________________ 1 2 3 4 100 1 6 9 76 3 1 1 2 - Manufacturing Public utilities2 100 100 2 Manufacturing 100 3 3 4 32 91 1 2 - 64 - All industries3 - 2 - (4 ) 2 74 4 5 4 3 5 2 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . 100 2 1 Public utilities 2 100 - - - 90 78 - - 2 2 12 6 - 1 2 - 3 12 Table B-4. Paid Holidays ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h a n d N e w p o r t N e w s -H a m p t o n , V a . , J u n e 196 1) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS Item All industries1 A ll w o r k e r s ___________________ ________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a id h o lid a y s _________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o p a i d h o l i d a y s ______________________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities2 100 100 10 0 100 10 0 100 97 99 99 89 95 88 (4 ) 11 5 12 3 1 2 7 24 1 2 43 5 1 4 2 18 1 4 64 1 - 5 50 51 75 83 85 86 86 89 1 69 70 88 90 94 95 95 95 3 1 Number of days 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 h o lid a y h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s __________________________________________________ p l u s 1 h a l f d a y -----------------------------------------_________________________________________________ ______________________ ________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ p l u s 1 h a l f d a y ___________________________ p l u s 2 h a l f d a y s __________________________ ______________ ______ ________________________ p l u s 2 h a l f d a y s __________________________ ______________ __ ____________________________ . c> (V (4 ) 7 50 (4 ) 1 32 (4 ) 6 _ _ 1 5 27 1 2 61 1 2 1 1 13 1 57 28 2 66 66 93 98 28 85 85 98 98 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 2 16 1 44 26 Total holiday time5 8 days 7 or m 6 V2 o r 6 or m 5 or m 4 or m 3 or m 2 1/ 2 o r 1 or m ______________________________________________________ o r e d a y s _________________________________________ m o r e d a y s _____________________________________ o r e d a y s _________________________________________ o r e d a y s ___________ ____________________________ o r e d a y s _________________________________________ o r e d a y s _________________________________________ m o r e d a y s _____________________________________ o r e d a y s _________________________________________ 6 39 39 89 96 96 96 97 97 26 70 70 86 86 86 88 88 88 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 5 A l l c o m b in a t i o n s o f f u l l an d h a lf d a y s th a t a d d t o th e s a m e a m o u n t a r e c o m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p le , th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 7 d a y s in c lu d e s t h o s e w it h 7 f u l l d a y s and n o h a l f d a y s , 6 f u l l d a y s an d 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 f u l l d a y s a n d 4 h a lf d a y s , an d s o o n . P r o p o r t i o n w e r e th e n c u m u la t e d . 1 2 3 13 Table B-5. Paid Vacations ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e an d p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p to n , V a . , J u n e 1961) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS V a c a t io n p o l i c y All industries1 A ll w o rk e r s _________________________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Puttie utilities2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 4 95 93 99 99 100 60 36 98 97 ( 5) 1 33 58 1 - - - 2 - - _ “ " “ 5 7 2 Method of payment W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s ____________________________________ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t _____________________ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ___________________________ F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t ____________________________ O t h e r _____________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ________________________________ Amount of vacation p a y 6 A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________________________ 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _______________________ 2 2 _ 3 2 1 17 16 3 6 6 2 1 2 - - - - A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________________________ 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s _______________________ 2 w eeks ( 5) 40 _ 60 1 _ 1 1 _ 27 _ 73 84 84 87 _ 16 (5) 9 93 3 2 _ 5 A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________________________ 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _______________________ 2 w eeks ______________________________________________ 1 1 20 7 67 85 4 78 _ 80 25 2 _ 68 25 7 (5) 1 _ 17 _ 15 15 67 A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________________________ 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _______________________ 2 w e e k s _______________________________________________ 3 w e e k s ______________________________________________ 1 _ (5) 7 8 1 _ - _ 93 91 98 2 (5) - 1 1 _ 49 4 67 4 6 1 41 20 90 ( 5) - 3 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _______________________ ______________________________________________ O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w eeks ______________________________________________ 2 w eeks S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . 4 (5) 93 1 2 10 2 1 _ 1 1 _ 94 2 94 81 89 93 _ 1 1 5 2 _ 3 3 1 2 14 Table B-5. Paid Vacarions-Continued ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e an d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s , a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h an d N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p t o n , V a . , J u n e 196 1) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS V a c a t io n p o l i c y All industries1 A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities2 p a y 6 -------- C o n t i n u e d A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ____________________________ _________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------2 w e e k s _______________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _________________ , _____ 3 w e e k s _______________________________________________ 4 ( 5) 70 14 13 3 1 10 2 2 1 94 5 1 1 67 4 14 75 92 33 46 17 6 1 9 3 A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w eek — _ ____ __ _____________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s _______________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s _______________________________________________ 4 ( 5) 47 49 3 1 1 14 85 14 82 2 2 1 1 49 10 63 1 1 26 19 77 35 A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ____________________ _________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s _______________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s — -------------------------------3 w e e k s _______________________________________________ 4 w e e k s _______________________________________________ 4 3 ( 5) 47 42 7 1 14 1 - 10 1 2 14 49 63 2 - 1 - - 1 1 81 84 27 26 19 70 2 1 8 1 6 A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------2 w e e k s _______________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s _______________________________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ____ _________________ 4 w e e k s _______________________________________________ 4 ( 5) 44 34 18 3 1 1 14 38 47 14 80 2 2 2 1 1 49 63 19 28 49 10 1 1 19 23 1 1 16 2 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 I n c lu d e s p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t p r o v i d e v a c a t i o n s u n t il a ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . 5 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . 6 P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n an d d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n s . F o r e x a m p le , th e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s in d ic a t e d at 10 y e a r s ' in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s . 1 2 3 N O T E : In th e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t i m e " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m a n e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y . p a y m en ts, s e r v ic e w e r e c o n v e r t e d to 15 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t of office and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s em p loyed in e sta b lish m e n ts providin g health, in su ran ce , or pen sion b en efits, N orfolk —P ortsm ou th and N ew port N ew s—H am pton, V a . , June 1961) OFFICE WORKERS PLAN T W O RK ERS T y p e o f b e n e fit All industries1 A ll w o rk e r s _________________________________________ 100 M anufacturing 100 Public utilities 2 All industries3 100 100 M anufacturing 100 Public utilities 2 100 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g : L if e i n s u r a n c e _________________________________ A c c id e n ta l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e ______________________________________ S ic k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r s i c k l e a v e o r b o t h 4 __________________________ 94 94 96 85 90 98 62 75 41 67 77 54 69 79 83 68 78 87 S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e ________ S ic k le a v e (f u l l p a y a n d n o w a it in g p e r i o d ) ____________________________ S ic k le a v e (p a r t i a l p a y o r w a it in g p e r io d ) ____________________________ 25 27 19 34 31 31 48 68 54 45 58 46 3 - - 3 1 4 H o s p i t a l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ____________________ S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e ____________________________ M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e _______________ _____________ C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e ________________________ R e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n ____________________________ N o h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p la n ____ 91 89 60 59 64 2 94 94 33 15 82 4 70 70 63 84 52 2 85 84 33 23 60 6 92 92 23 65 65 57 67 64 2 8 84 4 1 Includes data for w h o lesa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; finance, in su ran ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown sep a r a te ly . 2 T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s. 3 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e, r e ta il tra d e, r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 Unduplicated total of w o r k e r s r ec eiv in g sic k le a v e or sic k n e ss and accid en t in su ran ce shown se p a r a te ly b elo w . S ic k -le a v e plans are lim ite d to those w hich d efin ite ly e sta b lish at le a s t the m in im u m num ber of d a y s' pay that can be expected by each em p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k -le a v e allo w a n ces d eterm in ed on an individual b a sis a re exclu d ed . 17 Appendix*. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E B IL L E R , M AC H IN E Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: B ille r , machine (b illin g m ach in e) — Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. B ille r , m achine (b o o k k e e p in g m ach in e) — Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types o f sales and credit slips. B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. C la s s A — Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. C la s s B — Keeps a record o f one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G C la s s A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 18 C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G — .Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. C la s s B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers9 earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COM PTOM ETER O PER ATO R Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. C L E R K , F IL E C la s s A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , cla ssifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May per form incidental clerical duties. C la s s B — Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or a ssists in locating material in file s. May perform incidental clerica l duties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives customers9orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve an y com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing onier sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (M IM E O G R A P H O R D IT T O ) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple cop ies o f typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. O F F IC E B O Y O R G IR L Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerica l work. 19 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in aa ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STEN O G RAPH ER , G E N E R A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar macnine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. D o e s not include transcribing-m achine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STE N O G R A P H E R , T E C H N IC A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. D o e s not in clu d e tran scribing-m ach in e w ork . SW ITC H B O A R D O P E R A T O R Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls . May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who ca ll in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SW ITC H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R C la s s A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. D o e s not in clu de working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C la s s B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. C la s s C — Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R , G E N E R A L Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. 20 T Y P IS T T Y P I S T — Continued Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing p rocesses. May do clerical work involving little specia l training,' such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. C la s s A — Performs on e or more o f the fo llo w in g : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. C la s s B — Performs on e or more o f the fo llo w in g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licie s, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. PR O F E SSIO N A L AND TE C H N IC A L D R A F T S M A N , JU N IO R (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSM AN , L E A D E R Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R — Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. N U R S E , IN D U S T R IA L (R E G IS T E R E D ) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a com bina tion o f the fo llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R TRACER Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Duties involve a com bin ation o f the fo llo w in g : Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-section s, e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, com pass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 21 M A IN T E N A N C E A N D P O W E R P L A N T C A R P E N T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. H E L P E R , T R A D E S , M A IN T E N A N C E A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp ecific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R , TO O L R O O M E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also Supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded . FIR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. M A C H IN IST , M A IN T E N A N C E Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, ancf equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 22 MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE PATTERNMAKER, WOOD Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work in /olves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling ma 'hines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. Builds wooden patterns, core boxes, or match plates. Work in volves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blue prints, drawings, or models; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; using a variety of patternmaker’ s handtools such as saws, planes, ch ise ls, gauges, and mallets; operating various wood working machines such as band saws, circular saws, borers, routers, lathes, planers, drill presses, sanders, and shapers; checking work with calipers, rules, protractors, squares, straight-edges, and other measuring instruments; assembling patterns and sections of patterns by gluing, nail ing, screwing, and doweling; working to required tolerances and allowances; selecting the materials for the construction of a particular pattern. May also make sweeps (templates) for making molds by the sweep-moiding method. In general, the work of the patternmaker requires a rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired througn a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded . 23 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates; installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. C U S T O D I A L A N D M (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . A T E R I A L M O V E M E N T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures;polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f em ployees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 24 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in voices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under lV2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver,heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U .S . G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F I C E : 1961 O - 603435
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