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Occupational Wage Survey NEWARK AND JERSEY C ITY , NEW JERSEY FEBRUARY 1960 Bulletin No. 1265-28 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices Occupational Wage Survey NEWARK AND JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY FEBRUARY 1960 Bulletin No. 1265-28 April 1960 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner F o r s a le b y th e S u p e r in te n d e n t of D o c u m e n ts , U .S . G o v e rn m e n t P r in tin g O f f ic e , W a s h in g t o n 2 5 , D .C . P r ic e 2 5 c e n ts Preface The C om m u n ity W age S u rv ey P r o g r a m The B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s r e g u la r ly con d u cts a rea w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n u m ber o f im p o rta n t in d u stria l cen ters. The s tu d ie s , m ade fr o m late fa ll to e a r ly sp rin g , re la te to o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fit s . A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le t io n o f the study in e a ch a r e a , u su a lly in the m onth fo llo w in g the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied . T h is b u lle tin p r o v id e s a d dition a l data not in clu d ed in the e a r lie r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly tica l b u lletin s u m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f a ll o f the y e a r ‘ s su r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le t io n o f the fin a l a r e a b u lletin fo r the c u r r e n t roun d o f s u r v e y s . Contents In trod u ction _________________________________________________________________ W age tren d s f o r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g rou p s --------------------------------------- 1 4 T a b le s : 1. 2. A: T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 1 s r e g io n a l o ffic e in New Y o r k , N . Y . , by E llio t t A . B r o w a r , under the d ir e c tio n o f F r e d e r ic k W. M u e lle r , R e g io n a l W age and In d u stria l R e la tio n s A n a ly s t. Page B: E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y ____________ In dexes o f stan dard w eek ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g r o u p s , and p e r ce n ts o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s _________________ 3 O ccu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : * A - 1. O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s __________________________________________ A - 2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s __________________ A -3 . M ain ten an ce and p ow er plant o c cu p a tio n s ________________ A -4 . C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c cu p a tio n s -------------- 5 9 10 11 E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s : * B-l. S h ift d iffe r e n tia ls ___________________________________________ B - 2 . M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ______________________________________________ B -3 . S ch ed u led w eek ly h ou rs ___________________________________ B -4 . P a id h o lid a y s ________________________________________________ B -5 . P a id v a c a tio n s ______________________________________________ B -6 . H ealth , in s u r a n ce , and p en sion plans ____________________ A pp en dix: O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip tio n s ____________________________________ * N O TE : S im ila r ta bu la tion s a re a v a ila b le in the N ew ark— e r s e y J C ity a r e a r e p o r t s f o r N o v e m b e r 1951 and 1952, D e c e m b e r 1953, 1954, 1955, 1957, and 1958. The la tte r r e p o r t w as lim ite d to o c cu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s. A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date o f study and the p r ic e o f the r e p o r t s , as w e ll as r e p o r t s fo r oth er m a jo r a r e a s , is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t. C u r re n t r e p o r t s on o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w age p r a c t ic e s in the N ew ark— e r s e y C ity a r e a a re J a ls o a v a ila b le fo r g ra y ir o n fo u n d r ie s (A p r il 1959), le a th e r tan ning and fin ish in g (M ay 1959), m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s p rod u cts (F e b r u a r y I9 6 0 ), and m a c h in e r y in d u s tr ie s (F e b r u a r y I9 6 0 ). Union s c a l e s , in d ica tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay l e v e ls , a re a v a ila b le fo r the fo llo w in g tra d e s o r in d u s tr ie s : B u ild in g c o n s tr u c tio n , p rin tin g, lo c a l- t r a n s it o p e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o to r tr u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . iii 3 13 14 15 16 17 19 21 Occupational Wage Survey—Newark and Jersey City, N. J. Introduction This area is one of sev er a l im portant in d u strial cen ters in which the U. S. D epartm ent of Labor* s B ureau of Labor S ta tistic s has conducted su rveys of occupational earnings and related wage ben efits on an areaw ide b a s is . In this area, data w ere obtained by personal v isits of B ureau field econ om ists to rep resen tative estab lish m en ts w ithin six broad industry d ivision s: M anufacturing; tra n sp o rta tio n ,1 com m unication, and other public u tilities; w h olesale trade; reta il trade; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor in dustry groups excluded from th ese stu dies are governm ent operations and the con struction and extractive in d u stries. E stab lish m en ts having few er than a p rescrib ed num ber of w orkers are om itted also b ecau se they furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w a r rant in clu sion . W herever p o ssib le, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry d iv isio n s. T hese su rveys are conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecause of the u n n ecessary co st involved in surveying a ll esta b lish m en ts. To obtain appropriate accu racy at m inim um c o st, a greater proportion of large than of sm a ll estab lish m en ts is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, all estab lish m en ts are given their appropriate w eight. E stim a tes based on the estab lish m en ts studied are presented, th erefo re, as r e lating to a ll estab lish m en ts in the industry grouping and area, e x cept for those below the m inim um s iz e studied. O ccupations and E arnings The occupations selec te d for study are com m on to a variety of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing in d u stries. O ccupational c la s sifica tio n is based on a uniform se t of job d escrip tion s designed to take account of in terestab lish m en t variation in duties w ithin the sam e job. (See appendix for listin g of th ese d escrip tio n s.) E arnings data are p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) for the follow ing types of occupa tions: (a) O ffice cle r ic a l; (b) p ro fession a l and technical; (c) m ain te nance and power plant; and (d) cu stod ial and m aterial m ovem ent. O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w o rk ers, i. e . , those h ired to work a regular w eekly sch ed ule in the given occupational c la ssifica tio n . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, holid ays, and late sh ifts. N onproduction bonu ses are excluded a lso , but c o st-o fliving bonuses and incen tive earn in gs are included. W here w eekly hours are reported, as for office c le r ic a l occu p ation s, referen ce is to the work sch ed u les (rounded to the n ea rest half hour) for which stra ig h t-tim e sa la rie s are paid; average w eekly earnings for th ese occupations have been rounded to the n ea rest half d ollar. A verage earnings of m en and wom en are p resen ted sep arately for selec te d occupations in which both se x e s are com m only em ployed. D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls of m en and w om en in th ese occupations are la rg ely due to (1) d ifferen ces in the d istribution of the se x e s aiiiong in d u stries and estab lish m en ts; (2) d ifferen ces in sp ecific duties p er form ed, although the occupations are appropriately c la ss ifie d within the sam e su rvey job description; and (3) d ifferen ces in length of s e r v ice or m erit review when individual sa la r ie s are adjusted on this b asis. L onger average se r v ic e of m en would resu lt in. higher average pay when both se x e s are em ployed w ithin the sam e rate range. Job d escrip tion s used in cla ssify in g em p loyees in th ese su rv ey s are u su ally m ore g en era lized than those u sed in individual estab lish m en ts to allow for m inor d ifferen ces am ong estab lish m en ts in sp ecific duties perform ed. O ccupational em ploym ent estim a tes rep resen t the total in all estab lish m en ts w ithin the scope of the study and not the num ber actu ally su rveyed . B ecau se of d ifferen ces in occupational stru ctu re among estab lish m en ts, the estim a tes of occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple of estab lish m en ts studied serv e only to indicate the relative im portance of the jobs studied. T hese d ifferen ces in o ccu pational structure do not m a teria lly affect the accu racy of the earn** ings data. E stab lish m en t P ra c tic es and Supplem entary Wage P ro v isio n s Inform ation is p resen ted also (in the B -s e r ie s tab les) on s e lected estab lish m en t p ra ctices and supplem entary b en efits as they r e late to office and plant w o rk ers. The term "office w o rk ers, " as used in this bulletin, includes working su p erv iso rs and non su p ervisory w orkers perform ing c le r ic a l or related functions, and exclu d es adm in istr a tiv e , ex ecu tive, and p ro fession a l p erson n el. "Plant w orkers" in clude working forem en and all n on su p ervisory w orkers (including lea d 1 R ailroad s, form erly excluded from the scope of th ese stu d ies, en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A d m in istrative, m have been added in n early a ll of the areas to be studied during the ex ecu tive, and p ro fession a l em p lo y ees, and force-acco u n t con stru ction w inter of 1959-60; ra ilroad s w ill be added in the rem aining areas next em p loyees who are u tilized as a sep arate work force are excluded . y ea r. F or scope of su rvey in this area, see footnote to "transporta C afeteria w orkers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in d u s tion, com m unication, and other public u tilities" in table 1. tries, but are included as plant w orkers in nonm anufacturing industries. 2 Shift d ifferential data (table B - l) are lim ited to m anufacturing in d u stries. T his inform ation is p resented both in term s of (a) esta b lish m en t policy, 2 presented in term s of total plant w orker em p loy m ent, and (b) effective p ra ctice, p resented on the b a sis of w orkers actually em ployed on the sp ecified shift at the tim e of the su rvey. In estab lish m en ts having varied d ifferen tia ls, the amount applying to a m ajority w as used o r, if no am ount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sifica tio n "other" was u sed . In estab lish m en ts in which som e la te sh ift hours are paid at norm al ra te s, a differen tial was record ed only if it applied to a m ajority of the shift hours. The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al arran ge ments* excluding inform al plans w hereby tim e off with pay is granted at the d iscretio n of the em p lo yer. Separate estim a tes are provided accord ing to em ployer practice in com puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, percent of annual earn in gs, or fla t-su m am ounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations of vacation allow an ces, paym ents not on a tim e b a sis w ere converted; for exam p le, a paym ent of 2 percen t of annual earnings w as co n sid ered as the equivalent of 1 w eek 1 s pay. Data are p resen ted for all health , in su ran ce, and pension plans for which at le a st a part of the c o st is borne by the em p lo yer, excepting only leg al req u irem en ts such as w ork m en 's com p ensation and so cia l secu r ity . Such plans include those underw ritten by a co m m er cia l insuran ce com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out of cu rren t operating funds or from a fund se t asid e for this purpose. Death b en efits are included as a form of life in su ran ce. S ick n ess and accid en t insuran ce is limited* to that type of in surance under which predeterm ined ca sh paym ents are m ade d irectly to the insured on a w eekly or m onthly b a sis during illn e s s or accid en t d isab ility. Inform ation is p resen ted for all such plans to which the em ployer con trib u tes. H ow ever, in New York and New J e r se y , which have enacted tem porary d isab ility insuran ce law s which require e m ployer co n trib u tio n s,4 plans are included only if the em p loyer (1) co n tributes m ore than is leg a lly req u ired , or (2) provides the em ployee with ben efits which ex ceed the req u irem en ts of the law . Tabulations of paid sick -lea v e plans are lim ited to form al p la n s5 w hich provide full pay or a proportion of the w ork er's pay during absen ce from work b ecau se of illn e s s . Separate tabulations are provided accord ing to (l) plans which provide full pay and no w aiting period, and (2) plans providing eith er partial pay or a w aiting p eriod. In addition to the p resentation of the proportions of w ork ers who are provided sick n ess and accident insuran ce or paid sick lea v e, an unduplicated total is shown of w orkers who receiv e eith er or both types of b en efits. C atastrophe in su ran ce, so m etim es referred to as, extended m ed ical in su ran ce, inclu des those plans which are design ed to p rotect em p loyees in ca se of sick n e ss and injury involving ex p en ses beyond the norm al co verage of h osp italiza tio n , m ed ica l, and su rgical p lan s. M edical insuran ce r e fe rs to plans providing for com p lete or partial paym ent of d octors' fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by co m m er cia l insuran ce com panies or nonprofit organ ization s or they m ay be se lf-in su r e d . T abulations of retirem en t pen sion plans are lim ited to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem ainder of the w o rk er 's life . 2 An estab lish m en t was co n sid ered as having a policy if it m et eith er of the follow ing conditions: (1) O perated late sh ifts at the tim e of the su rvey, or (2) had form al p rovision s coverin g late sh ifts. 3 Scheduled w eekly hours for office w orkers (fir st sectio n of table B -3 ) in su rveys m ade prior to late 1957 and ea rly 1958 w ere p resen ted in term s of the proportion of w om en office w orkers e m ployed in o ffices with the indicated w eekly hours for w om en w o rk ers. 4 The tem porary d isab ility law s in C aliforn ia and Rhode Island do not require em p loyer con trib u tion s. 5 An estab lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a form al plan if it estab lish ed at le a st the m inim um num ber of days of sick lea ve that could be expected by each em p lo yee. Such a plan need not be w ritten , but inform al sic k -le a v e a llow an ces, d eterm in ed on an individual b a s is , w ere excluded. M inim um entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the esta b lish m en ts v isited . They are p resen ted on an estab lish m en t, rather than on an em ploym ent b a sis. P aid holidays; paid vacations; and health , in suran ce, and pension plans are treated sta tistica lly on the b a sis that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w orkers if a m a jority of such w orkers are elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify for the p ra ctices liste d . Scheduled hours are treated sta tistica lly on the b a sis that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w orkers if a m ajority are c o v e r e d .3 B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s in these tabulations m ay not equal to ta ls. The fir s t part of the paid holidays table p resen ts the num b er of whole and half holidays actually provided. The secon d part com b ines w hole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e . 3 Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Newark and Jersey City, N. J .,1 by m ajor industry division,* Minimum employment in establish ments in scope of study Industry division A ll divisions Within scope of study 3 _ 1, 147 264 415, 800 101 - 610 537 133 131 260, 500 155, 300 101 51 74 184 22 34 49, 300 20, 100 101 51 51 46 94 139 19 27 29 25, 700 2 9 ,2 0 0 31, 000 ___________________________________________ Manufacturing _ _ _ _ _ . . __ ._ Nonmanufacturing__ _____________________________________ Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 5 ____________________________________ Wholesale trade __ _ _ _ Retail trade (except lim ited-price variety stores) _ _ Finance, insurance, and real estate _ . . S e rv ices7 _ __________________________________________ Number of establishments February I960 Workers in establishments Within scope of study Studied Studied T otal4 Office Plant Total4 75, 000 262, 700 2 3 2 ,6 9 0 33, 800 4 1 ,2 0 0 185,200 7 7 ,5 0 0 133,490 9 9,200 9 ,2 0 0 4, 700 2 9 ,3 0 0 8, 800 36, 770 5, 810 2 ,6 0 0 20, 500 (*) 2 0 .3 0 0 * 500 ( 8) 19,390 19, 880 17, 350 1 The Newark and Jersey City Metropolitan A reas (E ssex, M orris, Union, and Hudson Counties). The "w orkers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estim ates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since ( l ) planning of wag^e surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. * The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau’ s labor market wage survey program prior to the winter of 1958-1959) are the transfer of milk pasteurization plants and ready-m ixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities division. 3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um -size limitation. A ll outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. 4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 5 Railroads were included; taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. 4 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only. 7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural service s. * This industry division is represented in estim ates for "a ll indu stries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A 3md B tables, although coverage was insufficient to justify separate pres entation of data. Table 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Newark and Jersey City, N. J., February I960 and December 1958, and percents of increase for selected periods Indexes (November 1952 = 100) Percent increases from — Industry and occupational group February I960 December 1958 December 1958 tp February I960 December 1957 to December 1958 December 1955 to December 1957 December 1954 to December 1955 December 1953 to December 1954 November 1952 to December 1953 A ll industries: Office clerical (women) _________________ __ Industrial nurses (w om en)__________________ Skilled maintenance (m e n )---------------------------Unskilled plant (m en)________________________ 135. 6 136.6 137.4 138. 9 129. 132. 132. 134. 3 1 3 9 4 .9 3 .4 3. 8 3. 0 3. 4. 3. 5. 5 7 9 0 9 .6 13.4 10.4 8. 6 3. 8 1. 4 5 .4 6. 0 3. 9 4. 3 3. 7 4 .2 5. 5. 5. 7. Manufacturing: Office clerical (women) _____________________ Industrial nurses (w om en)__________________ Skilled maintenance (m e n )__________________ Unskilled plant (men) _ ________ ___________ 136. 1 136.6 137.4 144. 5 132. 132. 132. 139. 0 1 2 6 3. 1 3 .4 3. 9 3. 5 4. 4. 3. 5. 6 7 6 6 10. 8 13.4 10. 3 10. 1 3. 8 1.4 5. 8 6. 9 3. 4. 3. 4. 5. 9 5. 2 5. 5 7 .8 7 3 7 1 7 2 6 1 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P resen ted in table 2 are indexes of sa la rie s of office cle r ic a l w ork ers and industrial n u r se s, and of average earnings of selected plant w orker groups. F or office c le r ic a l w orkers and industrial n u r se s, the indexes relate to average w eekly sa la r ie s for norm al hours of w ork, that is , the standard work schedule for w hich stra ig h t-tim e sa la rie s are paid. F or plant w orker groups, they m easu re changes in stra ig h t-tim e hourly earn in gs, excluding prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eek end s, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. The* indexes are based on data for selected key occupations and include m o st of the n u m erically im portant jobs w ithin each group. The office c le r ic a l data are based on w om en in the follow ing 18 jobs: B ille r s , m achine (billing m achine); bookkeepingm achine op erators, cla ss A and B; C om ptom eter operators; cle rk s, file , cla ss* A and B; cle rk s, order; cle rk s, payroll; keypunch operators; office girls; secr e ta r ie s; sten ograp h ers, general; sw itchboard opera tors; sw itchboard o p era to r-recep tio n ists; tabulating-m achine operators; tran scrib in g-m ach in e op erators, general; and ty p ists, c la ss A and B. The in d u strial nurse data are based on w om en industrial n u r se s. Men in the follow ing 10 sk illed m aintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs w ere included in the plant w orker data: Sk illed — carpenters; electricia n s; m ach in ists; m echanics; m ech a n ics, autom otive; m illw righ ts; painters; p ip efitters; sh eet-m eta l w orkers; and tool and die m akers; u n sk illed — ja n itors, p o rters, and clean ers; la b o rers, m a teria l handling; and w atchm en. A verage w eekly sa la r ie s or average hourly earnings w ere com puted for each of the selected occupations. The average sa la rie s or hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average of 1953 and 1954 em ploym ent in the job. T hese w eighted earnings for individual occupations w ere then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupa tional group. F in ally, the ratio of th ese group aggregates for a given year to the a g g reg a tefo r the b ase period (su rvey m onth, w inter 1952-53) w as computed and the re su lt m ultip lied by the b ase year index (100) to get the index for the given y ear. A djustm ents have been m ade w h ere n e c e ssa r y to m aintain com p arability. F or exam p le, in m ost of the areas su rveyed , railroad s w ere included in the coverage of the su rveys for the fir s t tim e this year. In com puting the in d exes, data relatin g to the railroad industry w ere excluded. The indexes m ea su re, p rin cip ally, the effects of (l) gen eral sa la ry and w age changes; (2) m erit or other in cr ea ses in pay received by individual w orkers w h ile in the sam e job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, fo rce exp an sion s, force red u c tion s, and changes in the proportion of w ork ers em ployed by esta b lish m en ts w ith different pay le v e ls . Changes in the labor force can cause in cr ea ses or d ec rea se s in the occupational averag es w ithout actual w age changes. F or exam p le, a force expansion m ight in crea se the proportion of low er paid w ork ers in ja sp ecific occupation and r e sult in a drop in the a verag e, w h ereas a reduction in the proportion of low er paid w orkers would have the opposite effect. The m ovem ent of a high-paying estab lish m en t out of an area could cau se the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred i*i other area estab lish m en ts. The u se of constant em ploym ent w eights elim in ates the effects of changes in the proportion of w ork ers rep resen ted in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the indexes influenced by changes in standard w ork sched ules or in prem ium pay for overtim e, sin ce they are based on pay for stra ig h t-tim e h ou rs. Indexes for the period 1953 to 1959 for w ork ers in 17 m ajor labor m ark ets appeared in BLS B u ll. 1240-22, W ages and R elated B en efits, 20 Labor M arkets, W inter 1958-59. A* Occupational Earnings 5 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry division, Newark and J e rse y City, N. J . , F eb ru ary I960) A vsn aas Number at workers Sex, occupation, and industry division N U M B E R OF W ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIG H T-TIM E W EEK LY EA R N IN G S OF— W eekly 1 Weekly 1 §5. 00 earnings hours and (Standard) (Standard) under 40. 00 lo . 00 45. 00 %5. 00 lo . 50. 00 00 I s . 00 lo . 00 I s . 00 lo . 00 I s . 00 lo . 00 I s . 00 lo . 00 *95.00 lo o . 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95 . 00 100.00 00 f05.00 fio.oo f 15.00 120.00 and 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 over Men Clerks, accounting, class A — --------- --- __ ____ ____ — ----------- — ---- -------- __ Manufacturing ---Nonmanufacturing - ---- — _ --- -------- --- --- Public utilities * _ __ . ___ _ - __ _ __ Wholesale trade _ ------------- _ _ _ Finance4 _ — - — — __________ 560 294 266 82 79 71 38. 38. 37. 37. 39. 35. Clerks, accounting, class B ____________________ ______________ _ — Manufacturing ’ ___ Nonmanufacturing _ _ — — ------ _ 340 149 191 37. 5 39. 5 36.5 — Clerks, order ___________ ___ ______________ ___ _ _ _ Manufacturing — ----------- ---------------- — _ ---------- ------ _ _ Nonmanufacturing — _ ---- _ _______ _ __ Wholesale trade - ---- _ -------------- . Clerks, p ayroll____________ _________ Manufacturing __ _ _ __ ____ __ 313 149 164 135 38. 38. 38. 38. 0 5 5 0 0 5 5 0 5 5 $97. 98. 96. 95. 114. 84. 50 50 50 00 50 50 86. 50 83. 50 88. 50 91. 95. 88. 91. 50 00 00 50 _ _ _ _ - _ - . “ _ " _ - _ - 2 - - - 2 8 2 6 _ - _ - . - 7 - 13 12 13 12 7 5 1 4 - . _ - 24 16 8 18 9 9 16 9 7 93 17 76 9 2 7 - 9 9 40 27 13 13 46 11 35 34 38 28 10 - 25 9 16 16 75 37 38 34 13 4 9 9 7 6 26 19 12 12 30 27 12 9 2 1 1 _ - - _ - 9 - - 4 4 18 18 16 16 11 2 9 _ 8 85 26 59 35 82 32 50 6 30 65 49 16 3 12 65 25 40 4 31 49 16 33 2 8 21 4 17 5 3 17 4 13 3 8 30 11 19 19 2 1 1 _ - “ . - . “ . “ _ - 5 - 1 1 18 8 10 40 29 11 26 13 13 15 6 9 45 11 34 26 24 14 10 9 39 14 25 19 59 12 47 40 38 20 18 11 60 20 40 35 28 14 14 4 14 4 10 18 8 10 8 4 12 3 4 29 9 20 3 2 1 52 11 24 15 36 7 6 1 23 3 - Tabulating-machine operators, class B ___ ____ __ Manufacturing __ __ __ __ __ — ________ __ Nonmanufacturing _ ___ _ _ ___ ___ _ __ ___ Finance4 ------- _ _ — _ _ ------ 406 151 255 169 38. 39. 37. 37. 84. 88. 82. 77. _ - _ - _ " 1 1 1 5 - - 1 12 8 1 12 8 3 6 1 21 12 Tabulating-machine operators, class C Manufacturing _____ ____ __ _ __ ------Nonmanufacturing ------------ _ _ ___ _ _ _____ 1 1 - 10 32 23 9 6 - - 50 50 50 50 18 12 6 1 - - 0 0 5 0 34 19 15 - 95. 00 95. 00 94. 50 _ ____ 14 4 3 - 38. 5 39.5 38. 0 _ _ 48 19 29 _ 41 15 26 9 3 13 - 210 96 114 _ ------ 28 18 10 - 68 42 26 14 8 4 “ Tabulating-machine operators, class A _____________ _ Manufacturing ------ __ __ __ — __ __ Nonmanufacturing — _ _____ _ __ ____ _ -------- 00 00 00 00 50 6 - 58. 57. 59. 71. 55. 0 5 5 5 5 2 _ 60 31 29 23 2 3 85 — T o~ . 38. 38. 37. 37. 36. _ _ _ _ _ ------------- _ _ „ 9 25 8 4 8 41 30 11 8 _ 446 188 258 42 135 ____ _ ___ ___ 10 24 2 13 2 26 - 93. 00 92. 50 _ _____ 22 3 19 11 _ - 39. 0 39. 0 __ _ - 16 9 7 3 7 - 141 109 Office boys ________ __ Manufa c tur ing _ Nonmanufacturing _ Public utilities2 Finance4 ______ 50 12 1 11 1 - - . - . 135 54 81 38. 0 39. 0 37. 5 73. 50 77. 50 70. 50 - _ - - " 277 160 117 49 52 37. 37. 38. 38. 38. 70. 68. 73. 74. 75. _ - 5 5 - 5 52 ------- 5"“ 46 37 21 17 4 9 20 12 8 8 39 24 15 42 38 4 12 4 - - 44 3 3 33 4 _ - _ - _ - - - - " 8 - 8 8 - _ - 59 22 » 18 4 4 2 2 5 2 _ - _ - - - 12 14 3 2 1 8 4 4 9 1 8 14 10 4 26 17 9 2 27 4 23 2 10 3 7 4 18 13 5 “ 6 1 - 13 9 4 * 4 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 9 ---------- 9 g 5 _ _ - - _ - 5 _ _ - - - - Women Billers, machine (billing machine) ~ ____ Manufacturing __ — — _____ ___ _ __ Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ Public utilities2 _ __ _ Wholesale trade _ ___ _ _ 5 5 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 50 _ _ , _ - 3 _ 5 2 9 . 9 ' ' ‘ 44 38 6 4 77 58 19 19 ----- 5 9 9 29 12 17 5 12 6 3 3 - 3 _ - 1 - - _ - - 2 1 . . - - - 3 ' See footn otes at end o f table. NOTE: _ - 3 E stim ates fo r all industries, nonm anufacturing, and public u tilities include data fo r ra ilro a d s (SIC 40), om itted fro m the scop e o f all labor m arket w age surveys m ade b e fo r e the w inter o f 1959-60. W here significant, the effect of the in clu sion of r a il roads is greatest on the data shown separately fo r the public utilities d ivision . The trend o f earnings in s elected occupational groups in all industries, excluding ra ilro a d s , appears in table 2. 1 1 6 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Newark and Jersey City, N. J . , February I960) Atuuqs N m er u b of w rk r* o e Sex, occupation, and industry division NUMBER O W F ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O — F 1 00 W eekly W eekly I s . hu o r* (S n a ) (S n a ) un er ta d rd ta d rd 40. 00 2 40. 00 45. 00 lo . 00 Is. 00 lo . 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 18 8 10 25 19 24 15 9 4 00 is . 00 00 ^5. 00 lo . 75. 00 80. 00 4 3 lo . 00 00 % 0. 00 *95.00 foo.oo f 05.00 110.00 115.00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 -----13 5 ------ — Is. 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 120.00 and over W omen— Continued 182 B illers, machine (bookkeeping machine) Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 4 Clerks, accounting, class A --------------------------------------Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing Public utilities _ _ __ Finance 2 4 4 _ . . 4 _ _ -------.... ... Clerks, payroll — Manufacturing __ __ Nonmanufacturing See footnotes at end of table. 76. 50 80. 70. 00 _ - - _ “ _ " 37. 38. 36. 38. 36. 65. 71. . 65. 59. 10 10 . 10 36 7 29 28 118 30 147 40 107 00 50 _ - 78 38.0 39. 37. 0 37. 0 37. 0 85.50 87. 50 83. 50 89. 50 73. 00 - . - 1 1 1 37. 5 38. 5 36. 5 37. 5 36.5 67. 00 611 341 270 50 120 s is 00 0 5 5 5 0 00 bd 62 00 0 64. 50 65. 00 60. 50 '" _ _ - 8 8 8 69:50 _ _ 38.0 39. 38. 0 38. 5 37. 0 67. 74. 65. 69. 60. 1, 237 252 985 81 759 37. 5 39. 37.5 39. 37. 0 54.50 “ ■627 50 52. 00 52. 50 50. 50 38.5 38. 39. 0 38. 5 39. 0 . ! 64. 69. 53. 878 671 207 38. 5 38. 5 37. 5 76. 50 76. 00 78. 00 0 0 0 0 - 12 12 12 489 290 199 131 64 Clerks, file, class B _ _ ____— Manufacturing __ Nonmanufacturing Wholesale trade Finance --------------------------- - _ . . .. ... __ 37.5 38. 5 36. 0 216 376 92 284 29 171 _ _ ... - 725 152 204 2 Clerks, order Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing W h ole sale trad * Retail trade4 60 00 1,313 4 Clerks, file, class A Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing Public utilities Finance $61. 50 63. 60 . 847 292 555 108 378 ---- Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B Manufacturing — _ Nonmanufacturing . . . . Wholesale trade Finance Clerks, accounting, class B . Manufacturing __ _ Nonmanufacturing Retail trade Finance 0 138 78 Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A Manufacturing -----Nonmanufacturing 4 10 10 38. 0 JY.5 39. 62 100 00 00 00 50 00 69 00 72 So 00 00 50 61 61 49 2 47 12 21 - 59 63 9 54 18 32 _ . 40 40 40 231 ------ 5 ~ 4 _ 4 226 12 201 6 88 8 1 1 1 - 143 23 120 17 60 21 4 17 7 5 1 44 £3 4 16 26 1 11 6 19 17 2 43 27 5 16 96 100 93 151 32 119 40 69 24 26 44 31 13 - 12 2 22 22 227 89 138 24 39 58 4 54 25 12 14 13 201 103 98 22 35 84 26 10 6 35 58 32 410 39 371 185 51 134 123 61 62 10 20 76 6 55 12 152 74 78 15 16 24 3 21 19 33 67 34 25 79 44 35 1 28 224 128 96 6 7 16 12 4 4 36 1 12 52 31 85 39 46 8 16 68 26 42 17 12 119 80 39 7 6 34 13 28 24 4 _ 2 - . - 12 12 6 6 _ - _ “ _ - _ - . . ~ _ _ _ - • _ _ _ - 1 38 — 53 5 . 17 17 . _ 18 17 - - 2 1 _ 3 _ 3 . - _ _ _ - 84 47 37 15 20 10 10 4 6 6 4 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 j - - 1 29 4 3 - 3 3 - 1 21 8 8 12 12 6 3 3 - 1 6 6 “ 4 4 - 59 32 27 16 11 49 17 14 3 59 9 50 48 2 54 40 14 8 2 85 78 7 4 3 29 29 25 17 8 68 48 20 127 112 15 85 62 23 142 124 18 114 78 36 68 42 26 2 ! - 11 29 49 14 35 16 19 - 14 72 19 53 44 66 - 47 26 297 3 - 3 10 6 22 - 28 17 8 110 . 4 - 80 67 13 9 7 56 34 - - 48 14 34 7 5 10 26 - 47 28 19 3 21 6 55 30 25 3 9 - 70 33 37 3 19 24 . 24 4 20 4 5 46 43 3 21 2 _ - 26 20 21 20 19 1 1 “ - - 85 — 5 o ~ 25 1 20 9 8 15 15 2 6 - 14 14 11 2 21 8 10 4 6 1 2 1 1 - - 13 4 9 9 " 47 41 6 32 30 2 - 1 30 9 - 13 6 7 “ - _ - 1 1 - " " 1 6 4 2 2 _ - 2 2 . - - 1 . - 4 3 ■ 10 2 - - “ 2 - 6 38 34 7 4 13 ■ _ 10 10 “ . _ - ■ " 1 1 8 6 2 - _ - - " 18 6 2 9 9 4 7 Table A-1. Office Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N . J . , F e b r u a r y I9 6 0 ) Aybbagc Number of workers S ex, o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ 35. 00 Weekly, Weekly hours 1 earnings 1 and (Standard) (Standard) u n d e r 4 0. 00 * 40. 00 $ 45. 00 t 50. 00 $ 55. 00 60. 00 6 5 . 00 4 5. 00 5 0 .0 0 55. 00 6 0. 00 6 5. 00 70. 00 % 70. 00 $ 75. 00 $ 8 0. 00 * 8 5. 00 S 9 0. 00 *95.00 $ $ 100 .00 1 05 .00 110 .00 1 15 .00 75. 00 8 0 . 00 8 5. 00 90. 00 9 5. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 05 .00 1 10 .00 115 .00 1 20 .00 120 .00 and over W om en —-C o n tin u e d C o m p to m e t e r o p e r a t o r s ----- ----------------------------- ------ ----M a n u fa ctu r in g ------------- -------- _ _ — — __ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _____ _ _ — _ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2 -----------_ _ --------W h o le s a le t r a d e __ — ____ _ __ ________ R e t a il t r a d e 4 _ — _ -----_ __ __ ___ F i n a n c e 4 _ — -------- . _ — _ _ _ _ _ 7 34 347 387 47 69 192 54 D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s (M im e o g r a p h o r D i t t o ) ------------------------------------------------------- 73 K ey p u n ch o p e r a t o r s _____ _______________ __ __ __ M a n u fa ctu r in g _ __ _ ________ __ ___ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g -----_ -----__ _ __ W h o le s a le t r a d e _ ------------- -------- -------- _ ----- _ __ — R e t a il t r a d e 6 __ -------------------F in a n c e 4 _ --------------- __ — ____ ___ O ffi c e g i r l s --------_ _ _ _ _ _ _ M a n u fa ctu r in g _ _ _ __ _ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _ _ _ _ _ _ F in a n c e 4 — __ — _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ __ — _ __ 1 ,3 3 8 595 743 110 56 357 337 56 281 130 00 00 00 50 50 00 00 _ - 38. 0 38. 39. 37. 38. 38. 36. 37. 38. 37. 35. 39. 37. 35. 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 $75. 76. 74. 74. 8 6. 72. 65. 41 16 25 . 14 11 64 l6 48 9 3 25 10 79 37 42 10 1 24 7 154 113 41 8 10 18 2 146 52 94 9 14 57 8 80 49 31 2 6 16 2 49 24 25 3 8 8 1 36 12 24 3 8 10 1 13 2 11 3 4 4 32 21 11 _ 9 1 4 _ 4 4 _ 2 _ 2 2 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - 1 " - - - 20 8 8 1 5 1 10 1 5 - - - - - - 68 34 34 9 _ 13 122 38 84 9 10 22 144 27 117 5 69 197 78 119 8 10 73 214 103 111 12 6 76 198 101 97 _ 195 65 130 40 4 58 55 38 17 6 2 - 71 51 20 19 41 33 8 2 _ 19 13 6 5 _ 14 14 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ “ " - - 115 11 104 89 92 13 79 18 23 23 8 83 27 56 4 3 _ 3 2 2 1 1 _ _ - _ - _ - - _ - - - - - - - - 74 28 46 _ 10 36 68 20 48 _ _ 38 172 82 90 5 10 9 62 319 161 158 11 24 7 97 508 349 159 16 17 6 81 565 283 282 61 77 8 86 514 326 188 29 15 16 80 565 292 273 75 27 5 41 361 230 131 17 15 6 53 338 181 157 21 35 3 54 223 149 74 10 12 8 9 139 84 55 12 7 2 19 no 78 32 3 10 2 9 21 11 10 3 4 " 15 7 8 1 3 - 10 10 - _ - " - 3 3 _ 3 29 5 24 _ 10 - 2 2 2 " - 11 6 1. 00 6 - 8 0 0 0 0 0 5 68. 71. 66. 74. 65. 64. 50 50 00 00 00 50 _ _ - - - 38. 0 3875 38. 0 37. 0 57. 60 . 57. 53. 50 00 00 50 19 46 - - - - - 19 4 15 9 ____ _ _____ __ __ _____ __ S e c r e t a r ie s — _ M a n u fa ctu r in g ___ _ _ ____ __ _ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _ -------- — P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 ------------W h o le s a le t r a d e _ ______ __________ R e t a il t r a d e 6 F i n a n c e 4 _________ __ — ____ _ _ 4 ,1 2 6 2, 344 1, 782 277 264 86 679 38. 38. 37. 37. 38. 38. 36. 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 89. 8 9. 88. 93. 9 0. 8 1. 8 2. 00 50 50 00 00 50 50 _ _ _ _ . _ _ 1 _ 1 1 - " - 8 8 3 2 3 S ten og ra p h ers, g e n e ra l ______ _ __ ___ M a n u fa ctu r in g ___ __________ _ _ __ __ ___ _ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ______ _ ___ ________ __ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2 ----_ --------_ __ W h o le s a le t r a d e ______ __ ___ ,__ ______ __ F i n a n c e 4 -------------_ _ -------------- -------- 2, 548 1, 171 1, 377 350 196 470 38. 39. 37. 37. 38. 36. 0 0 5 0 5 5 7 3. 7 6. 71. 7 2. 76. 64. 50 00 50 00 50 00 _ _ _ _ - 110 4 106 20 _ 86 154 42 112 26 18 55 296 86 210 69 20 84 452 245 207 36 24 98 477 230 247 76 43 75 401 199 202 47 20 50 218 115 103 12 23 13 136 97 39 26 9 4 89 29 60 13 18 - 162 96 66 20 13 - 6 6 1 _ 5 S t e n o g r a p h e r s , t e c h n ic a l _ _ ________ __ __ --------M a n u fa ctu r in g --------- _ ___________ _____ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ---------------------------------- 152 66 86 38. 5 39. 0 38. 0 76. 00 77. 50 74. 50 4 _ 4 6 _ 6 38 17 21 23 10 13 26 10 16 22 12 10 23 13 10 8 4 4 1 1 - - - - - 1 - “ - - ________ _ __ _____ _ _ S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s M a n u fa ctu r in g _____ __ _ ___ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ___ _ __ _ _ _ ______ _ __ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------ ------------ _ _ _ W h o le s a le t r a d e _ ________________ ________ __ R e t a il t r a d e 6 _ _ __ _______ F in a n c e 4 __ ___ ___ ____ __ __ _____ ___ 635 230 405 114 60 56 110 38. 38. 38. 39. 38. 39. 37. 72. 75. 70. 8 0. 77. 59. 64. 27 48 8 40 2 _ 2 36 84 39 45 7 12 5 12 98 ----- 53 45 17 6 3 12 93 39 54 21 9 3 7 71 29 42 28 8 _ 4 49 24 25 19 3 2 30 7 23 16 3 _ 3 30 14 16 2 6 _ 1 7 1 6 4 2 2 - - - - - 3 2 1 2 _ - _ S ee fo o t n o t e s a t end o f ta ble, 5 5 5 5 5 0 0 00 50 00 00 50 00 00 - - _ _ - - _ - - “ “ 12 12 _ _ 4 23 2 21 . 8 6 59 -------5 53 _ 8 24 14 - _ — r~ 21 2 _ 7 9 - _ 161 — 8T~ 80 17 12 1 11 1 1 1 1 - - 8 Table A -l. Office Occupatbns-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N . J . , F e b r u a r y I9 6 0 ) Average S ex, o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly Weekly . I s . 00 hours 1 earnings1 and (Standard) (Standard) u n d er 4 0. 00 $ 40. 00 $45. 00 l o . 00 I 5 . 00 l o . 00 I 5 . 00 l o . 00 75. 00 l o . 00 I 5 . 00 90 . 00 $ 9 5 .0 0 f o o . o o f 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 I 2 O.OO 4 5. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 8 0. 00 8 5. 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 50 27 23 _ _ 11 72 41 31 _ 2 9 126 99 27 _ 13 7 220 107 113 15 56 13 130 53 77 27 25 21 87 59 28 9 6 44 29 15 2 13 - 17 16 1 _ 1 - 41 14 27 _ 23 " 5 5 _ _ 7 7 _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ 5 46 4 5 16 2 2 _ 1 5 17 15 2 12 3 9 4 4 - 5 4 1 7 7 - 1 1 - 4 3 1 2 2 - 3 1 2 15 4 11 2 2 “ 1 1 - 5 5 _ - . - _ - _ - 2 2 - _ - _ - _ - and 1 0 0 .0 0 1 05 .00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 15 .00 1 2 0 .0 0 over W o m e n — C on tin u ed S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n is t s ________________ ____ ------— - -------------- - -------M a n u fa ctu r in g ---------- * ----------------- ------------- ---------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2 ____ ____ __ ___ __ __ ____ W h o le s a le t r a d e — .......................... --------F in a n c e 4 ___ ____ _ __ _ ___ 805 342 44 142 67 ________________ 86 38. 5 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B __ ______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _____ — __ ______ ____ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____ ___ ___________ — __ 97 69 28 3 9 .0 39. 5 3 8 .0 281 94 187 36. 5 39. 0 35. 5 a T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , cla s s A T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C — M a n u fa ctu r in g — -------- -------- - — — _ — N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________ ________ — T r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l - ___ __ M a n u fa ctu r in g _____ _____ — ____ ____ ____ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ______________________________________ F in a n c e 4 — _ — ________ __ ____ ____ __ 525 211 314 215 38. 39. 37. 37. 5 0 5 0 00 50 50 50 00 50 _ _ _ - _ _ " - - 8 9. 50 38. 5 38. 5 38. 0 3 9 .5 38. 0 36. 5 _ _ 8 1. 50 8 2. 00 8 0 . 50 - - - - - - 6 6 “ 8 7 1 7 2 5 18 11 7 6 5 _ - 2 2 28 1 27 42 4 38 53 11 42 79 56 23 40 8 32 11 1 10 $69. 6 9. 68. 69. 73. 6 4. . _ _ _ 65. 50 _ " 3 3 3 4 4 - 77 77 42 68 20 48 40 92 41 51 39 119 65 54 42 65 36 29 20 58 19 39 27 27 24 3 2 7 3 4 ~ 3 1 2 ~ _ - 8 8 8 32 32 _ 28 33 7 26 24 118 37 81 13 55 249 93 156 26 117 301 217 84 _ 45 167 97 70 102 79 23 _ 76 48 28 8 ~ 49 39 10 8 2 47 33 14 5 1 12 6 6 1 - 5 5 4 2 2 2 129 9 120 _ 6 114 22 0 33 187 6 26 5 150 440 111 329 24 35 13 239 607 227 380 42 33 19 252 529 239 290 52 32 3 188 316 190 126 37 7 15 53 280 9S 184 98 23 1 19 114 52 62 26 20 _ 3 49 29 20 1 8 19 18 6 12 _ 10 2 3 2 1 1 - _ _ - - - . - - - 69 . 00 63. 00 6 3. 00 - 1, 201 656 545 67 332 38. 39. 38. 39. 37. 5 5 0 0 0 69. 71. 65. 73. 61. 00 50 50 50 00 T y p is t s , c l a s s B -------------- _ -------------------------M anufa c tu r in g ____ ______ _ ___ ________ __ _ _ ---------- ------------ _ _ --------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2 _ ----- _ ____ __ _ _ W h o le s a le t r a d e _ ------------ ----- ------------R e t a il t r a d e 6 ....................................................................... F in a n c e 4 __ _____ __ _ ____ ___ — — 2, 738 1, 010 1, 728 287 196 66 1, 032 37. 38. 37. 37. 38. 39. 36. 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 60. 63. 58. 6 6. 6 2. 57. 54. 00 00 50 00 50 50 50 14 - - 14 - _ _ 14 - - 52 Z' — TT~ 3 _ 2 - S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 11 at $ 1 2 0 to $ 1 3 0 ; 12 a t $ 1 3 0 to $ 1 4 0 ; 10 a t $ 1 4 0 and o v e r . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 1 3 5 to $ 1 4 0 . E x c lu d e s l i m i t e d - p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . " - - . _ _ - _ T y p is t s , c l a s s A _____ ______________________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ___ ________ ___________ ___________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____ _______ ___ _______________ W h o le s a le t r a d e ---------------------------------- --------- — —,----------------------F in a n c e 4 --------- ------- 6 5 _ _ 6 6. 50 7 1. 00 64. 50 _ - 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 — . _ _ " - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - _ " _ - _ _ - - - - 9 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N. J . , F e b r u a r y I9 6 0 ) N UM BER OP W ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E W EEKLY E ARNING S OF - Atkbaok S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n Number of workers * $ $ * $ $ $ $ * $ % s S $ s $ s S Weekly Weekly U n der 6 5 . 00 7 0. 00 75. 00 *80. 00 8 5. 00 9 0. 00 * 9 5 .0 0 100 .00 1 0 5 .00 110 .00 115 .00 120 .00 1 25 .00 1 30 .00 1 3 5 .00 140 .00 145 .00 150 .00 1 5 5 .0 0 1 60.00 165 .00 hours I earningsl and (Standard) (Standard) $ and 6 5. 00 m i 7 5. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 9 5. 00 100 .00 1 05.00 110 .00 115 .00 1 2 0 .00 125 .00 1 30 .00 1 3 5 .00 140 .00 1 45.00 150 .00 1 5 5 .00 160 .00 165 .00 over M en D r a ft s m e n , l e a d e r ---------- ---------------------- — M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _______________________ D r a ft s m e n , s e n i o r _________________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ......... ......................................... N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _________________ ..____ D r a ft s m e n , ju n io r --------------------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____________ _________ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2 _____________________ T ra cers _____ _____ _______________________ 2 38 175 63 39. 0 3 9. 0 40. 0 $141. 50 1 3 9 .5 b 148. 00 _ - 1, 164 925 2 39 39. 5 3 9. 5 4 0. 0 116. 50 113. 00 128. 00 _ - _ - ~ * 765 606 159 47 3 9. 5 3 9. 5 3 9 .5 4 0. 0 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ " " _ - _ - 8 — 8 " “ - _ - ■ 8 6 .5 0 26 8 6 . 0 0 1 14 8 8 . 50 12 9 2 .0 0 " 122 3 9. 0 6 9 . 00 5 21 313 259 54 3 9. 0 3 9 .5 3 8. 0 9 1 .5 0 9 1 .5 6 9 1 .5 0 58 49 9 " 24 107 “ n>— 81 8 26 “ 92 _ 5 4 1 27 6 174 156 18 8 16 15“ “ 119 82 37 17 _ - 74 68 6 83 68 15 10 _ - ~ 115 115 - 66 5T“ 5 5 9 _ _ 37 22 15 38 42 35 7 * * 135 130 5 97 83 14 20 26 ' 37 5 4 _ " 1 1 ~ 118 95 23 149 97 52 27 23 4 3 _ _ _ 27 24 3 31 30 1 26 19 7 11 n — “ “ 129 TT2 — 17 TV ~ 77 24 20 4 15 4 11 20 8 12 19 9 10 78 66 12 44 27 17 56 41 15 57 “ i i 23 18 7 11 2 2 - 3 2 1 ~ 19 19 * _ _ _ 6 5 1 _ - 4 3 1 _ - . - _ - - " _ " _ “ _ 26 16 10 53 ------ 8 8 11 3 8 w 35 _ - _ 8 * 8 — 4 2 r ------ i — i _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - ■ „ 29 29 ~ " W om en N u r s e s , in d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) _________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________ __________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________ _______ 11 11 33 12 10 2 40 35 5 33 5 1 ----- j----- 1 Sta nda rd h o u r s r e f le c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to thes<e w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 2 at $ 5 5 to $ 6 0 ; 19 at $ 6 0 to $ 6 5 . NOTE: See n ote on p. 5, r e la t iv e t o the in c lu s io n o f r a il r o a d s . _ _ - - - - 10 Table A -3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N. J . , F e b r u a r y I9 6 0 ) NU M BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARNING S OF— O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n ce _______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _____ __________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g __ ---------------P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 __________________ 684 494 190 E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n ce _____________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________ 1 ,2 7 6 1 ,0 8 6 190 1 14 11 6 Average U nder ! . 7 0 ! . 8 0 *1.90 hourly j and earnings $ 1 .7 0 und er 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 _ . $ 2 .7 8 7 1 2 .7 5 2 .8 7 7 1 2 .6 3 2 .9 5 3 3 1 2 .9 2 3 3 3 .1 1 1 1 96 7. E n g in e e r s , sta t io n a r y __________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _ _ _ _ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________ 72 5 512 213 99 3 .0 8 3. 13 2 .9 4 7 97 F ir e m e n , s ta t io n a r y b o il e r ____________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________ 681 526 155 2 .5 0 2 .5 1 2 .4 7 H e lp e r s , t r a d e s , m a in te n a n ce ________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________ 900 527 373 2 .2 0 2 . 16 2 .2 5 M a c h in e -t o o l o o e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m ____ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________ 531 531 2 .8 9 2753 h .o o *2 . 10 ^ . 2 0 ^ . 3 0 9 9 - 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 16 20 2 .5 0 88 81 38 43 43 45 34 55 48 7 14 11 45 29 3 29 29 - 25 76 75 67 - 67 321 12 1 10 8 2 10 100 b 4 56 14 42 83 b9 14 105 75 30 118 105 13 62 37* 25 179 45 134 51 37 14 57 44 13 _ - - 3 3 _ - - 19 19 22 22 12 12 4 4 - - 17 17 128 128 12 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 16 6 10 8 34 8 26 208 7 201 M e c h a n ic s , m a in te n a n ce _______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _______________ __ _ __ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________ 1 ,6 6 6 1 ,4 4 0 226 2 .8 2 2 .8 3 2 .8 0 _ - 3 15 6 9 12 12 - 3 3 - 47 47 - 92 57 35 125 118 7 T~ 2 .6 2 2 .5 9 2 .7 0 2 .7 5 10 4 6 - - 5 i 4 - T T - 859 758 101 2 .9 5 2 .9 0 3 .3 1 P lu m b e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________ P h W ip n filifiPQ * 101 6b 41 37 2 .7 9 ' ” 2788 2 .6 5 2 . 54 - - - - S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___ M a n u fa ctu r in g ________________________ 154 148 T o o l and d ie m a k e r s _______________ __ M a n u fa ctu r in g ____ ____________ 1 .7 5 2 it5 T t P a in t e r s , m a in te n a n ce __________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _____ __________ 470 325 145 74 P ip e f it t e r s , m a in te n a n ce _______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _ _ _ _ T - 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 61 59 27 32 28 1 1 - 94 91 3 3 - - 1 1 1 1 - 15 15 - 5 5 - 5 5 - 3 3 2 1 1 5 5 50 37 13 6 9 9 44 43 1 14 14 60 136 131 5 5 6 64 46 18 18 44 35 9 36 36 - - 24 l5 9 9 9 43 51 51 14 14 48 48 118 113 5 81 77 4 118 106 12 61 244 12 232 54 l2 41 124 55 69 4 93 48 45 146 146 - 25 11 14 174 169 5 16 10 56 ' 49 7 6 22 3 3 20 11 8 9 59 2 86 225 215 85 10 5 1 1 83 71 70 70 - 12 127 73 54 54 57 li 44 42 6 6 - 3 .9 0 1 4 .1 0 1 15 15 - 5 5 - 17 - - 1 1 - - 1 1 nvpr 4 .0 0 1 1 - - 1 16 43 40 3 5 5 8 55 40 15 4 4 57 57 - 15 15 13 13 32 - _ - _ - _ - 7 1 7 _ - - 3 3 40 40 - 5 5 - _ - - _ - _ - _ - 2 2 1 - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 5 5 97 97 97 97 145 145 6 6 - - - 8 8 - - - - 100 100 177 177 - 345 343 2 288 ; 110 77 33 3 1 2 4 1 3 16 16 8 281 - 2 6 138 122 6 5 5 - — 1 r - _ - 64 31 33 13 44 37 7 49 7 42 2 45 45 36 50 5b - - 1 1 6 6 - - 27 26 1 - - ~ - - 146 105 41 164 12“8 36 4 90 441 49 3 _ 3 47 39 6 1 5 _ _ - 8 1 7 104 104 - _ _ _ _ 8 _ - _ - _ - 1 1 _ - - 3 - - 1 4 1 - 1 _ - _ _ - _ - _ - 8 - 21 21 _ - 6 27 20 7 X 22 37 - 1 _ _ - 1 1 4 Li 23 24 44 15 15 11 li 33 135 uu 27 26 17 ~ r r - 41 - 1 71 18 18 _ - _ - 26 5 21 - 4 4 - 12 11 1 - 67 5i 16 9 53 41 12 12 74 63 11 11 44 40 4 4 54 44 10 6 31 31 - 24 8 16 16 16 12 4 - 8 8 8 18 10 8 8 _ 5 3 16 - _ _ _ - 5 3 16 - - - - - 7 7 " 9 9 - 22 20 2 30 30 - 72 70 2 50 50 - 94 94 - 103 99 4 122 122 - 169 i2 9 40 6 1 5 112 96 16 - 2 2 - 8 8 4 4 13 10 3 - 36 21 15 - - - - 48 21 21 21 12 7 5 5 9 9 - 1 1 - 2 2 - - - - 1 1 2 2 - - 10 10 - - - 1 1 - - - 1 1 - - _ _ 14 3 11 11 - - _ 6 6 14 l4 5 5 14 l3 25 22 31 31 44 44 12 12 _ _ _ . - - 2 1 _ 56 56 65 65 98 85 343 332 2 54 236 147 80 358 358 95 95 32 22 6 6 “ - - - - - 2 .9 1 2 .9 b _ _ _ _ _ 3 .0 1 3 .0 0 _ _ - - S ee n ote on p. 5, r e la t iv e to the in c lu s io n o f r a i l r o a d s . 3 .3 0 2 - - 3 .2 0 79 757 - _ 7 3 .1 0 “ - " 11 0 3 ,0 0 9 9 - _ $ $ 3 .8 0 * 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 *4. 10 “ 48 " 48" 12 i2 18 18 1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la t e s h ift s . 2 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th er p u b lic u t il it i e s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 8 at un d er $ 1 . 6 0 ; and 13 at $ 1 .6 0 to $ 1 . 7 0 . NOTE: 6 81 5b 31 30 1 36 23 16 7 39 32 7 86 - 31 19 l8 l l 7 4 3 ~ 34 31 3 3 47 35 68 6 ------r - 8 1 4 4 - 1 12 “ 12 ----IT ” 1 21 28 9 19 3 - L 35 33 _ - 2 .6 5 779T5 2 .5 5 2 .8 1 2 .8 6 . 84 I ll 103 76 75 1 ,0 8 0 306 774 74 2 .3 5 ■" 7 7 3 T " - 104 83 51 51 - M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e (m a in te n a n c e ) ___________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________ WVinlpfialp fraH p 357 226 - 145 - 24 3 ■ 5 1 8 2 6 5 5 _ - 12 - 11 11 19 19 71 29 57 45 - 1 _ - - 49 42 7 7 18 18 - 19 2 2 .8 0 2 ,9 0 53 52 6l 27 23 14 2 .9 6 2 .9 5 3. 17 302 ZF9 2 t 60 2 .7 0 2 .4 0 1 ,7 1 9 '1'; 6"37~ 82 M illw r ig h t s _______________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g __________ __ _ ___ *2 .5 0 *2 .6 0 * 2 .7 0 * 2 .8 0 * 2 .9 0 *3 .0 0 *3. 10 *3 .2 0 * 3 .3 0 * 3 .4 0 * 3 .5 0 *3 .6 0 *3 .7 0 and 2 .10 M a c h in is t s , m a in te n a n ce ____ _________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __ ________________ O il e r s _______________________ ____________ M a n u fa ctu r in g __ _________ ________ *2.4 0 9 9 ~TT 10 10 47 222 93 5 13 IT" 14 14 _ - 1 _ _ _ _ - . - - _ 11 Table A -4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings for s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , Newark and J e r s e y City, N. J . , F ebru ary I960) O ccu p ation 1 and industry d ivision at Number worken E levator op e r a to r s , passenger (men) ________ ____ _______________ N onm anufacturing__________________ Public u tilitie s 6 _________________ W holesale trade _________________ $ 217 178 $1.79 1.76 - 7 3 5 4 4 4 180 176 54 E levator o p era tors, passenger ( w o m e n ) ____ __ ___ __________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ Jan itors, porters, and cle a n e rs (m en) __ ___ __ ____ — _ _ ___ M anufacturing _____________ __ __ NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Average Under *1 .1 0 $1 .2 0 $1.30 $1.40 *1.50 *1 .6 0 $1.70 *1.80 $1.90 2 .0 0 *2 .1 0 $2 .2 0 *2 .3 0 »2.40 2. 50 *2.60 *2.70 *2.80 *2.90 *3.00 *3. 10 $3.20 *3.30 $3.40 *3.50 hourly earning! $ and and 1 ,1 0 under 1 .2 0 1.30 1.40 1.50 1 .6 0 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .50 2 .6 0 2.7 0 2 .8 0 2 .90 3.00 3. 10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 over 1.35 1.34 36 l 10 1 61 lb i 1 .2 0 *20 10 33 33 13 1.85 4,6 6 2 159 " ' 2 ' w r “ T.9S " “ T S “ 1 63 2 ! 03 *411 95 1.79 159 I 3"* — - 2 - 28 28 - ~TT~ —s r - T T ~ HZT 155 208 133 264 88 320 320 119 ~ r r r 103 4 16 6 9 2 53 86 57 201 7 161 87 12 9 152 70 81 7 47 13 34 _ 34 86 42 68 68 110 2,034 689 1,145 470 591 2.28 2 .2 4 2.31 2.11 2.49 _ - 22 t> 16 16 - P a ck e rs , shipping (m en) _ _______ _ Manufacturing _________________ ____ N onm anufacturing___ __ __ ______ W holesale trade _________________ 1,593 1,4 l6 177 140 2.00 2.01 1,90 2 .00 3 3 329 191 1.52 1 . 7l 1 - 281 O rder fille r s __________________________ M anufacturing __ __ __ ________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ W holesale trade _________________ Retail t r a d e 4 _ __ _____ _ _ See footnotes at end o f table. - 269 259 8 2 151 151 _ *151 114 7 1 ib - 8 (y 6 27 1 1 - 583 341 667 395 ~T52 " “W 188 89 226 13 51 150 14 8 j 13 118 2 9 30 30 - 64 44 33 2 - - - - 47 43 - 30 30 23 23 24 24 1243 2382 514 864 729 1518 531 1241 268 187 11 - 1169 62 1107 874 9 224 367 225 142 42 93 52 17 35 18 17 40 fA - - - - - - - 371 35b 21 13 - 540 469 71 6 45 5 261 145 io5 40 221 106 80 9 11 10 14 14 9 3 12 8 4 3 36 30 6 4 1 172 6T ill - 103 53 20 17 - 55 54 1 42 42 68 68 - - - * 128 127 1 - 215 189 26 24 72 68 4 “ 52 52 ' 76 10 - 36 33 4 - 88 ‘ 8? 30 £9 3 - 10 222 ll6 10 9 1 8 6 2 2 9 9 8 1 b 50 33 17 15 45 25 17 " 19 17 1 3 _ 4 - - - - 1 1 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - j- 17 10 ----~ n r 7 3 3 1 9 — 9” ----- j- 7 185 36 9 13 2 760 ~TW r r385r a 125 114 65 42 - - - - - - - 7 20 3 197 149 48 48 31 3i - 13 l3 - 4 4 - _ - 844 844 - _ - _ " 84 84 4 1 2 q 3 11 66 163 131 32 17 - 149 125 24 1 - - 11 128 13 115 36 32 24 —wr 2 84 25 59 18 35 35 2 .3 7 T I T 2.7 0 - 33 1.50 1.71 1.42 1.43 396 27 19 2.28 2. 33 2.2 2 2 .3 3 2.21 1.90 Shipping c le r k s __ ________ _______ _ M anufacturing ____ ,_________________ Nonmanufacturing __ ____ ____ _ 47 46 23 987 znr 732 392 2 .2 3 2.22 2 .2 3 2.01 2.22 74 73 5 1 .6 8 474 ------ 23T " 190 55 104 11 11 11 6 9,311 5,04$ 4,266 2,681 749 680 R eceiving cle rk s _ __ ________ ___ M anufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing _ __ _ _________ W holesale t r a d e _______________ _ R etail tr a d e 4 __ ____ ___ ___ 15 15 17 L a b o r e rs , m aterial handling ' _________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________ Public u tilitie s 6 _________________ W holesale trade _______ ___ ___ Retail trade 4 _____ ________ P a ck e rs , shipping (wom en) ________ M anufacturing ______________________ 38 38 22 20 4 - 352 Jan itors, porters, and clea n ers (wom en) ________________ ______ M anufacturing ______________________ N onm anufacturing__________________ Finance 7 -------------------------------------- 3 2 237 24 4 8 12 12 648 545 103 14 51 33 7 2 5 257 124 133 74 18 205 85 120 120 - 1 303 5 228 87 135 277 36 241 3 238 248 18 1 126 119 7 2 - 170 3 167 22 9 13 1 12 1 1 - 9 9 - 48 48 - _ - _ - - _ - - 127 103 24 24 167 158 9 8 167 107 60 56 148 133 15 13 156 156 61 61 4 4 1 1 3 3 2 2 13 13 _ - 4 4 _ - 2 2 8 8 2 2 26 26 14 14 12 ? 5 4 1 79 69 22 22 - 55 2? 28 11 17 16 1 14 7 7 12 10 2 48 25 23 4 4 - 20 2 18 3 3 - _ - _ - _ - _ - 16 85 52 33 8 25 4 10 8 2 51 23 28 20 8 - 6 2 23 - - - - - - 20 i2 8 26 22 4 26 26 30 21 9 36 s ir 20 l9 1 44 36 8 22 22 45 45 13 13 29 8 8 21 3 18 _ 36 _ _ _ - - 4 , 4 - - - 110 16 10 4 6 1 - 29 - 4 36 12 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (Average straigh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Newark and J er se y City, N. J. , February I960) O ccu p a tion 1 and industry division Num ber workers 510 Shipping and rece iv in g cle r k s ________ M anufacturing -------------------------------Nonmanufacturing _____________ ___ _ P ublic u tilitie s 8 ___________ ______ W holesale trade _________________ 2l0 300 121 103 T~ T ruckd riV ers 9 ______________ -__________ M anufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________ _____ _ ? ,6 1 5 TTT5 4,8 5 6 746 W holesale trade _______ *___ —____ R etail trade 4 ______________ _____— 1 260 T r u c k d riv e r s , light (under I 1 t o n s ) ______ _________ _______ ____ /* Maniifartiiritijr Nonmanufacturing _____ ______ ___ T r u c k d riv e r s , m edium (lVz to and including 4 tons) ____ ________ ______ M an u factu rin g ___-__ ______ -__ ___ Nonmanufacturing _______ _______ P ublic u tilitie s 8 __________ ____ 7. — \ 410 NUMl3ER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $. $ $ , * $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Average 1.80 1.90 2 .0 0 * .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 $ .4 0 2 .5 0 *2.60 2 .7 0 2.80 $2 .90 $3.00 $3. 10 *3.20 *3.30 3.40 *3.50 2 2 Undei 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1.30 1.40 1.50 1 .6 0 1.70 $ earnings * $ and and 1 . 10 under 1 .2 0 1.30 1.40 1.50 1 .6 0 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2.4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3.00 3. 10 3 .20 3.30 3 .40 3.50 over $2. 33 2 . 36 2. 32 2.3 9 2.39 2.77 3.15 2 .5 5 2 .5 5 2.63 2.7 7 n 467 2. 13 — — 2."l'9" 405 2 . 12 39. 7 32 4 4 25 13 12 53 23 30 34 23 11 185 52 133 110 9 4 9 18 - - 35 ll 24 90 32 58 65 40 25 375 48 327 262 202 46 49 153 36 15 3 8 1 16 8 - - - - - 6 _ - _ * _ - _ - > - 6 - - - - - 6 5 12 7 6 - - - - - 6 5 5 6 - - - * - - 57 4 48 11 11 - 6 10 - 5 5 78 16 1 62 2 4 57 - - 3 18 - 31 24 - 216 60 121 1581 299 1282 947 55 - 30 - 316 18 318 25 12 11 19 13 318 4 21 37 19 16 ' ’ 25 12 3 22 8 117 9 108 8 8 16 6 1 1 - 30 89 57 32 32 17 g 11 148 3$ 3,116 l',3 4 l ... 1,774 1,207 424 2 .7 6 3.21 2 .41 2 .4 3 2 .3 7 - T ru c k d riv e r s , heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler t y p e ) _____________ ...________ M anufacturing _ _ ___ _T JVonmanufacturing ______________ _ PnKlir nHliHpfi ^ W holesale trade _______ ___ ___ 2 .6 5 3 584 2,069 1 249 *517 2 .8 6 3. 15 2.7 8 2.6 8 2 .9 6 - - - - - - 5 5 - - - - - 23 2 21 21 682 190 492 297 2 .59 2 .7 3 2 .5 4 2 .4 5 - - - - - - - 9 18 36 - - - - 9 9 18 18 36 36 26 4 22 15 2 .38 2 .3 6 2 .48 2.4 8 2 .56 - 26 17 9 9 1,842 T,412T "1 400 205 148 - 15 l5 - T r u c k e r s , pow er (fork lift) ____________ Manufacturing _______ _______ ,____ Nohmanufacturing ______________ Pu blic u tilitie s 8 _________________ R etail trade 8 __________ - 4 4 - 8 8 9 9 - 51 51' - 54 53 1 65 65 - 217 265 9 190 125 l25 - - - 18 170 156 14 4 IP T r u c k e r s , power (other than fork lift) _____ _____ _______ ____*_______ • M anufacturing __________ ____________ 192 2.18 2. 14 Watchm en _____________ ______ ___ __ Nonmanufacturing **____ ..._____ ___ P n b li r iiH liH p e ^ W V to lp s a lp tra < 4 p Finance 7 ___ ______________ ______ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 182 970 $82 288 63 93 66 1.84 1.91 l[6 8 1.93 1.61 1.66 104 48 - - - - - - - - - l - - - 2 3 60 17 43 12 12 - - 27 11 16 - 2 - - 2 3 3 79 54 25 34 1 - 4 108 14 34 16 12 6 73 5$ 17 73 17 56 15 22 2 NOTE: See note on p. 5, relative to the inclusion of railroad s. 4 30 Oata lim ited to m en w ork ers excep t where otherw ise indicated. E xcludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts. W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 35 at $ 0 .8 0 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 26 at $1 to $ 1 .1 0 . E xcludes lim ite d -p ric e variety s to r e s. A ll w ork ers w ere at $1 to $ 1 .1 0 . T ran sp ortation, com m u nication, and other public u tilities. F inance, insurance, and real estate. A ll w ork ers excep t 1 w ere at $1 to $ 1 .1 0 , Includes all d riv e rs r e g a rd le ss o f size and type of truck operated. A ll w ork ers w ere paid under bonus plans. 110 1434 246 1188 891 280 66 48 18 239 23 216 212 4 _ - - - - _ - _ _ 221 201 20 7 7 112 112 4 4 - 20 20 - - 16 16 - 538 - io638 _ _ 40 40 401 82 319 22 7 4 ------18 T 352 _ 352 _ _ ~ 20l _ 4 92 4 1097 _ 352 - - - - _ _ _ 3 _ -------* _ _ _ - 106 52 54 - 30 10 20 20 316 329 179 ' 210 106 150 105 88 15 18 83 54 29 29 77 20 57 57 30 30 - 8 8 8 _ _ - 42 42 . _ - - - _ _ _ _ 2 2 1 1 _ - . _ _ - 224 22 870 224 ----- 2T W T o " _ _ - - 54 - 56 "66 _ - 7 - 2 1 6 - - 48 48 13 _ - 18 79 68 6 372 - - 17 26 1 6 18 - 52 52 - 17 2 2 17 302 _ 40 28 11 9 2 98 64 10 _ _ - 104 2 102 58 19 l6 9 66 66 1 180 12 168 24 41 21 19 426 54 372 162 15 14 4 82 6 76 76 58 26 32 32 39 39 20 7 193 1285 132 40 61 1245 g 1231 55 14 126 120 6 288 460 17 n r “ 7 7 T ----- IT 326 18 393 231 28 2$ 16 . _ - 567 1578 214 “ T IT 353 1467 218 1375 135 92 - 147 131 14 11 172 18 26 13 13 12 . _ - 44 19 25 7 18 5 3 - 5 11 10 -------T 1 - T r u c k d riv e r s , heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) ____ _____ M anufacturing _______________ _ Nonmanufacturing ______ ____ W holesale trade ________,____ - . _ - 14 16 4 3 8 202 107 107 _ - - 1 1 - - _ - B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 13 Table B>1. Shift Differentials (P ercen t of m anufacturing plant w o rk ers in e sta b lish m en ts having form al p ro v isio n s for sfyift w ork, and in e sta b lish m en ts actu ally operating late sh ifts by type and am ount of d ifferen tia l, N ew arkand J e r se y C ity, N. J. , F eb ru ary I960) In e sta b lish m e n ts having fo rm a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r ---- In e sta b lis h m e n ts a ctu a lly o p e ra tin g — Shift d iffe r e n tia l S econd shift w o rk T o ta l ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ W ith shift pay d iffe r e n tia l _______________________ ___________ U niform cen ts (per hou r) _________ _______________________ 5 ce n ts ___ ________________ ________________________ __ ____ 6 cen ts _______ ___________________________________________ 7 o r 7*/a cen ts ___________________________________________ 8 cen ts ___ _________ __ _______________ __________________ _ 9 ce n ts __________________________________________________ 10, 10a , or 103 cen ts ______________________________ /3 /4 11 cen ts __ ^ __ 12 or 12 Va cen ts __ ____ 13 or 13Va cen ts _______________________________________ 14 cen ts ______________________________________________________________________ 15 cen ts _ _ _ _ _ 16 c e n t s __ *_________________________________________________________________ 17 or 17Va cen ts _____________ ___________________ _______ 18 cen ts ___ _ _ _ _ _ 19 cen ts and o v e r T h ird or other shift w o rk Secon d shift 8 8 .2 7 8 .4 14.2 4. 1 87. 1 7 8 .3 14. 1 4. 1 38.9 3 4 .0 6 .7 3 .0 6 .9 1 .5 5. 1 5 .5 1. 1 9 .1 2 .5 .8 .5 1 .7 - .6 8 .8 .5 7 .4 1.2 - 1 .4 .4 .7 1 .0 .1 1 .4 .7 ( 2) - _ - 3 .1 5 .0 2 .7 .8 2 .0 ( 2) ______________________________________________________ 44. 1 4 0 .2 6 .5 p e rce n t ____________________________________________________________________ 6 p e rce n t __ _ _ 7 or 7 Va p e rce n t _________________________________________________ ,_____ 9 p e rce n t _ 10 p e rce n t __________________________________________________________________ 15 p e rce n t _ _ 3.8 . 1 2 .0 U n iform p ercen ta g e 5 7*/a 4 .2 .9 - 38.2 - .9 . 1 1.0 .2 1 .4 2 .7 . . 1 1 .6 ( 2) . 1 - .3 1 .4 2 .7 _____________________________________________________ _ . 1 5 .7 - hour s _____________________________________________ No shift pay d iffe r e n tia l .8 3 6 .3 2 .6 O ther fo r m a l pay d iffe r e n tia l _________________________________________ 8 hour s ' pay fo r T h ir d or other shift 1 .6 . 1 .1 - .1 .5 _ 1 .0 ( 2) . 1 .5 .5 . 1 . 1 .6 _ - ( 2) .6 ( 2) ( 2) .4 ( 2) 1 Includes e sta b lish m en ts cu rren tly operating late sh ifts, and e sta b lish m en ts w ith form al p rovisio n s coverin g late sh ifts even though they w ere not cu rren tly operating late sh ifts. 2 L e ss than 0 .0 5 p ercen t. 14 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for W om en O ffice W orkers (D istrib u tion of e sta b lish m en ts studied in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by m inim um entran ce sa la ry for s e le c te d c a te g o r ie s of in ex p erien ced w om en o ffice w o rk ers, N ew ark and J e r se y C ity, N. J. , F eb ru ary I960) In exp erien ced ty p ists M in im um w e e k ly s a la r y 1 A ll in d u s tr ie s O ther in ex p erien ced c le r ic a l w ork ers N onm anufacturing M anufacturin g M anufacturin g A ll in d u s tr ie s B a s e d on standard w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f— A ll sched ules 35 377a 383 /4 40 A ll s c h e d ■ 35 ule s 37Va 383 /4 40 N onm anufact uring B a s e d on standard w eek ly hour s 3 of— A ll sched ules 35 37Va 383 4 / 40 A ll sched ules 35 377a 383 /4 40 E sta b lish m en ts s t u d i e d _____________ 264 133 XXX XXX XXX XXX 131 XXX XXX XXX XXX 264 133 XXX XXX XXX XXX 131 XXX XXX XXX XXX E sta b lish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im um _______________________ __ 158 89 8 13 4 56 69 12 16 4 32 165 87 8 15 3 53 78 13 18 5 34 . . . 2 2 - 1 10 2 6 8 13 5 8 2 6 1 1 _ 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 . 2 1 5 1 2 2 - _ 1 1 7 4 25 5 11 3 10 4 6 4 2 5 1 j 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 1 1 - _ 1 1 1 1 - _ 6 1 3 2 5 2 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 4 12 4 21 9 46 8 19 7 7 7 4 6 1 5 1 1 _ 1 2 1 1 2 1 _ 1 2 2 6 2 1 1 - . 2 1 - _ 1 1 4 2 13 3 6 2 3 5 3 4 1 4 1 4 10 2 13 4 20 4 9 3 2 - 2 2 1 4 1 2 1 - 1 2 5 3 2 4 1 - 1 _ 2 2 8 5 26 4 10 4 5 7 4 4 1 4 1 53 22 XXX XXX XXX 46 24 XXX U nder $ 4 0 .0 0 ____________________ $ 4 0 .0 0 and under $ 4 2 .5 0 ______ $ 4 2 .5 0 and under $ 4 5 .0 0 ______ $ 4 5 .0 0 and under $ 4 7 .5 0 ______ $ 4 7 .5 0 and under $ 5 0 .0 0 ______ $ 5 0 .0 0 and under $ 5 2 .5 0 ______ $ 5 2 .5 0 and under $ 5 5 .0 0 ______ $ 5 5 .0 0 and under $ 5 7 .5 0 ______ $ 5 7 .5 0 and under $ 6 0 .0 0 ______ $ 6 0 .0 0 and under $ 6 2 .5 0 ______ $ 6 2 .5 0 and under $ 6 5 .0 0 ______ $ 6 5 .0 0 and under $ 6 7 .5 0 ______ $ 6 7 .5 0 and under $ 7 0 .0 0 ______ $ 7 0 .0 0 and under $ 7 2 .5 0 ______ $ 7 2 .5 0 and under $ 7 5 .0 0 ______ $ 7 5 .0 0 and under $ 7 7 .5 0 ______ $ 7 7 .5 0 and under $ 8 0 .0 0 ______ $ 8 0 .0 0 and under $ 8 2 .5 0 ______ $ 8 2 .5 0 and o v e r _________________ 1 11 3 13 12 38 10 19 5 16 5 6 5 2 7 1 1 2 1 - - “ - - - - 1 4 2 13 2 8 2 4 3 5 4 2 5 - 1 - 2 1 1 2 " 1 1 1 4 1 1 3 - E s ta b lis h m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m __________________________ 49 19 XXX XXX XXX XXX 30 XXX XXX E sta b lish m en ts w hich did not e m p loy w o r k e r s in this c a t e g o r y __ 57 25 XXX XXX XXX XXX 32 XXX XXX - - 2 " ■ XXX XXX XXX XXX 2 - " XXX “ XXX XXX XXX - 2 1 1 1 2 ~ - - - ~ ~ 1 3 1 - - 1 6 2 3 1 8 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 " 31 XXX XXX XXX XXX 22 XXX XXX XXX XXX 1 L ow est sa la ry rate form a lly e sta b lish e d for hiring in ex p erien ced w o rk ers for typing or other c le r ic a l job s. a R ates ap p licab le to m e s s e n g e r s , o ffice g ir ls , or sim ila r su b cle r ic a l jobs a re not co n sid ered . 3 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em p loyees r e c e iv e th eir regu lar str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data a re p resen ted for a ll w orkw eeks com b ined , and for the m o st com m on w orkw eeks rep orted . NOTE: See note on p. 15, r e la tiv e to the in clu sio n of ra ilr o a d s. 15 Table B-3. Scheduled W e e k ly Hours (P ercen t d istrib u tion of o ffice and plant w o rk e r s in a ll in d u stries and in in dustry d iv isio n s by sch edu led w eek ly hours of fir s t-s h ift w o rk ers, N ew ark and J e r se y C ity, N. J. , F eb ruary I960) OFFICE workers ; W e e k ly h o u rs ad . industries 1 A ll w o r k e r s _____________________________________ Under 35 h ou rs _________________________________ 35 h ou rs _________________________________ — — O ver 35 and under 3 6 7* h o u rs -------------------------36V4 h ou rs ___ ____________ ________ _________ O ver 36 74 and under 377a h o u r s ______________ 377a h ou rs ___________________________ ___ __ _____ O ver 377a and under h o u r s ______________ 3874 h ou rs ________________ __ _______________ O ver 3874 and under 40 h o u rs ________ ______ 40 h ou rs ____________ ____________ __ _ __ __ O ver 40 and under 48 h o u rs _______________ __ 48 h ou rs ________________________________ ______ O ver 48 h ou rs _______________________________ ___ 3SlU 100 (M 17 (6) 3 3 25 M anufacturing 100 W holesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade 3 Finance 100 100 100 100 47 9 7 - 26 7 26 7 23 - 2 (M 8 1 2 7 18 (4 ) 14 1 1 41 - 56 - 2 Public a utilities - (M - 1- 52 - 3 55 - - 10 48 5 68 1 2 1 - - - * Services All . industries 9 100 (* ) 4 (6) 3 (6) 1 88 2 1 1 M anufacturing 100 Public . utilities 100 5 2 - - 1 2 _ _ 4 - 2 - - 100 _ - (6) - 1 88 2 1 _ 2 - 100 94 - 1 _ 4 84 _ - 6 Includes data for s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a r a te ly . T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s. E xclud es lim ite d -p r ic e v a r ie ty sto r e s. F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e sta te . Includes data for r e a l e sta te and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . L e ss than 0 .5 p ercen t. Retail trade 100 - - W holesale trade NOTE: E stim a te s for a ll in d u str ie s and public u tilitie s include data for r a ilro a d s (SIC 40), om itted from the scope of a ll labor m ark et w age su rv ey s m ade b efore the w in ter of 1959 -6 0 . W here sig n ifica n t, the effec t of the in clu sio n of ra ilr o a d s is g r e a te st on the data shown sep a ra tely for the public u tilitie s d iv isio n . Services 16 Table B-4. Paid Holidays '.(Percent d is trib u tio n o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by num ber o f paid h o lid a y s p r o v id e d annually, N ew ark and J e r s e y C ity, N. J . , F e b ru a r y I960) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS Item All , industries A ll w o r k e r s ____ _________________________ _______ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g paid h o l id a y s ____ _____________ ________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no paid h o l id a y s _______________________________ M anufacturing Public 2 utilities W holesale trade Retail trade3 Finance4 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 100 ( 6) - - ( 6) 2 ( 6) 2 1 12 2 6 2 15 1 3 ( 6) 10 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 2 28 1 1 ( 6) ( 6) 3 2 14 2 11 29 1 6 11 1 1 9 1 1 1 3 3 1 ( 6) 1 ( 6) 12 1 39 3 44 - All industries M anufacturing Public , utilities W holesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 100 98 99 100 96 94 - 2 " 2 1 - 4 6 8 10 9 3 24 1 2 3 10 3 4 2 9 11 - 1 62 1 3 2 1 15 5 7 - 3 ( 6) 4 3 6 1 1 3 69 5 2 2 1 5 ( 6) 2 23 3 6 ( 6) 21 2 6 9 1 2 6 2 ( 6) 1 6 1 _ 7 3 19 3 6 27 2 8 8 ( 5) 2 8 ( 6) 1 4 ( 6) 1 3 35 4 18 12 20 6 _ 4 7 7 1 14 3 15 5 6 5 23 7 “ 5 1 53 13 _ - 4 9 81 81 82 82 82 84 1 2 8 8 10 10 18 20 34 36 63 66 92 92 97 98 ( 6) 1 6 6 6 6 16 18 33 35 68 6 6 26 26 39 39 39 39 57 57 61 61 96 96 99 100 Services Retail trade Services N um ber o f d a y s L e s s than 6 h olid a y s ___________________________ 6 h o lid a y s _______________________________________ 6 h o lid a y s plus 1 h alf d a y _______ ______________ 6 h o lid a y s plus 2 o r 3 h a lf days _______________ 6 h olid a y s plus 4 h a lf days ____________________ 7 h o lid a y s _______________________________________ 7 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day ______________________ 7 h o lid a y s plus 2 h o lid a y s _____________________ 7 h o lid a y s plus 4, 5 o r 7 h a lf days ___________ 8 h o lid a y s _______________________________________ 8 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _______________ ____ __ 8 h o lid a y s plus 2 o r 3 h a lf days _______________ 8 h o lid a y s plus 4 h a lf days ____________________ 9 h o lid a y s __ ___________ ____ ___________________ 9 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf days ________ ____ _______ 9 h o lid a y s plus 2 h alf days ____________________ 10 h o lid a y s ______________________________________ 10 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day __________.._________ 10 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf days ___________________ 11 h o lid a y s _____________________________________ 11 h o lid a y s plus 1 h alf day ____________________ 11 h o lid a y s plus 2 o r 3 h alf days _____________ 12 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________ 12 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf d a y _____________________ 12 h o lid a y s plus 2 o r 3 h a lf days _____________ 13 o r m o r e h olid a y s __________________________ Total holiday time7 13 o r m o r e days ________________________________ 12 V2 o r m o r e days ________________ *____________ 12 o r m o r e days ________________________________ IIV 2 o r m o r e days ___________ ____ ____ ______ 11 o r m o r e days _______________________ __________ IOV 2 o r m o r e days _____________________________ 10 o r m o r e days ________________________________ 9 V2 o r m o r e days -------- -------------------------------------9 o r m o r e days _________________________________ 8 V2 o r m o r e days ______________________________ 8 o r m o r e days ________ ________________________ 7 V2 o r m o r e days ______________ ______________ __ 7 o r m o r e days _________________________________ 6 V2 o r m o r e days _______________________________ 6 o r m o r e d ays _________________________________ 3 o r m o r e d a y s __________________________________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 no h a lf 1 4 33 34 36 37 42 43 58 60 82 84 97 97 99 99 1 3 7 7 9 9 19 20 37 38 79 81 97 97 99 100 _ 44 44 46 46 46 46 87 87 87 87 99 99 100 100 In clu d es data fo r s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s shown T ra n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er pu b lic u tilitie s . E x clu d e s lim it e d -p r ic e v a r ie ty s t o r e s . F in a n ce, in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e sta te. In clu d es data fo r r e a l esta te and s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to th ose in d u stry L e s s than 0. 5 p e rce n t. A ll com b in a tion s o f fu ll and h a lf days that add to the sam e am ount a r e d a y s, 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s, 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s, and so N OTE: See note on p. 15, re la tiv e to the in clu s io n o f r a ilr o a d s . 11 11 20 22 33 36 48 48 72 72 92 92 100 100 7 7 12 28 28 28 29 29 34 35 97 97 97 98 90 90 95 99 100 100 100 100 70 92 92 99 99 - 7 7 30 30 40 46 63 63 78 78 92 92 96 96 16 ( 6) 6 - - 6 6 6 6 22 35 88 89 89 94 s e p a ra te ly . d iv is io n s shown sep a ra te ly . , . com b in ed ; fo r e x a m p le , the p ro p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g a tota l o f 7 days in clu d e s th ose with 7 fu ll days and on. P r o p o r tio n s w e re then cu m u lated. 17 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P ercen t d istrib u tion of office and plant w ork ers in a ll in d u stries and in in dustry d iv isio n s by vacation pay p r o v isio n s, N ew ark and J e r se y C ity, N. J . , F eb ru ary I960) OFFICE workers ; V acation p olicy All industries .1 Manufacturing A ll w ork ers _____________________________________ 100 PLANT WORKERS Manufacturing Public utilities a Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 92 7 1 - 100 89 10 1 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - ~ ■ “ " “ 33 38 20 6 24 22 7 ( 7) 33 13 4 - _ 31 32 ( 7) 20 25 8 - 3 64 4 - _ 100 65 5 26 2 2 75 7 16 _ 2 37 2 48 6 7 58 36 6 - 29 65 6 - - 31 22 43 2 2 36 29 33 2 23 9 54 7 7 24 70 6 - 91 6 2 94 6 9 22 62 2 10 31 54 5 11 75 1 7 85 6 1 1 91 6 2 AU industries 3 100 100 100 - Public utilities a Wholesale trade Retail trade3 Finance 4 100 100 100 100 100 99 1 - 100 99 1 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - " - " " A fter 6 m onths of se r v ic e Under 1 w eek ___________________________________ 1 w eek _ _ O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s _____________________ 2 w eek s __________________________________________ 11 56 17 3 3 67 15 1 _ 58 29 - 2 56 11 - 5 59 12 “ A fter 1 year of s e r v ic e 1 w eek __________________________________ _________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s _____________ ________ 2 w eek s . . . ________ _____________________ ________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s _______________ _____ 3 w eeks 7 ( 7) 92 ( 7) ( 7) 6 ( 7) 92 1 10 1 89 - 14 84 2 " 30 63 6 - A fter 2 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek _ _ __ Over 1 and under 2 w eek s ______________________ 2 w eeks _____________________________ ____________ Over 2 and under 3 w eek s 3 w eeks 2 1 95 1 ( 7) 1 1 97 1 7 3 90 9 89 2 - 2 92 6 - 100 A fter 3 y e a r s of se r v ic e 1 w eek ____________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s __ _ ___ 2 w eeks O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ______________________ 3 w eek s __________________________________________ 1 ( 7) 94 3 2 ( 7) 1 96 - 7 93 - 2 94 2 2 1 90 6 Services M e th o d o f p a y m o n t W orkers in e sta b lish m en ts providing paid vacation s _________________________________ L en g th -o f-tim e paym ent ____________________ P ercen tage paym ent ________________________ F la t-su m paym ent ___________________________ Other _ _ W orkers in e sta b lish m en ts providing no paid v acation s _ A m o u n t o f v a c a tio n p a y 6 See footn ote s at end o f ta b le . 3 - - 3 - _ - - 5 7 7 1 - Services 18 Table B-5. Paid Vpcations-Continued (P ercen t d istrib u tion of office and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s by vacation pay p r o v isio n s, N ew ark and J e r se y C ity, N. J. , F eb ru ary I960) OFFICE WORKERS; V acation policy AH industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 Wholesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade 3 Finance 4 Services All industries 3 Manufacturing Public , utilities 2 Wholesale trade Retail trade A m o u n t off v a c a t io n p a y 6— C o n tin u e d A fter 5 y e a r s of se r v ic e Under 2 w eek s _________________________________ 2 w eek s _ __________ ___ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s _____________________ 3 w eek s 4 w eek s ------------------------------------------------------------A fter 10 y e a r s of se r v ic e Under 2 w eek s _________________________ :________ 2 w eek s ________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ___________ _______ 3 w eek s _____ __________________________________ _________ 4 w eek s A fter 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e Under 2 w eek s _ ___________ _________________ 2 w eek s _________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s _____________________ 3 w eek s ____________________________________ _ _ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s ________ ____________ 4 w eek s ________________________________ ______ A fter 20 y e a r s of se r v ic e Under 2 w eek s _________________________________ 2 w eek s _ ___ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s __________ _________ 3 w eek s ________________________________ _______ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s _____________________ 4 w eek s A fter 25 y e a r s of s e r v ic e Under 2 w eek s _________________________________ 2 w eek s _______ ______________________________ _ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s _____________________ 3 w eek s _________________________________________ O ver 3 and undor 4 w eek s _____________________ ( 7) 76 15 8 1 ( 7) 92 1 4 2 91 9 - 85 8 5 2 58 15 27 - 40 44 16 - - 3 83 6 6 2 3 84 6 4 3 76 7 17 - 89 6 4 1 _ 72 12 16 - ( 7) 43 18 38 1 _ 51 12 34 3 _ 58 42 - _ 61 12 25 2 _ 27 73 - _ 20 41 39 - 1 46 15 35 2 1 47 19 30 3 _ 44 7 49 " _ 47 19 33 1 _ 27 73 - ( 7) 8 1 86 1 4 9 85 6 _ _ 3 94 1 2 _ 11 87 2 _ 27 62 11 _ 5 2 87 1 12 2 77 4 1 10 2 79 _ 7 93 - _ 17 79 3 1 _ 27 63 10 ( 7) 8 ( 7) 62 3 26 8 74 3 15 _ 88 1 8 3 _ 27 22 51 32 6 57 1 12 2 66 5 13 1 9 2 69 7 12 _ 7 88 5 _ 16 77 3 4 _ 26 27 47 _ 8 56 3 _ 6 68 26 _ 27 11 62 _ 5 22 73 1 12 2 53 4 27 1 9 2 57 5 26 _ 7 57 36 _ 16 65 2 17 _ 26 25 49 ( 7) 8 ( 7) 46 1 45 _ 3 33 _ 3 _ 54 1 42 9 88 - 3 3 _ 5 3 5 3 1 Includes data for s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 2 T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s. 3 E xclu d es lim ite d -p r ic e v a r ie ty s to r e s. 4 F in an ce, in su ra n c e , and r e a l e sta te . 5 Includes data for r e a l e sta te and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . 6 P erio d s of s e r v ic e w ere a r b itr a r ily ch osen and do not n e c e ss a r ily r e fle c t the individual p ro v isio n s for p r o g r e ssio n s. For exam p le, the chan ges in prop ortion s in dicated at 10 y e a r s' s e r v ic e in clude chan ges in p ro v isio n s occu rrin g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s. 7 L e ss than 0 .5 p ercen t. NOTE: See note on p. 15, re la tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s. In the tab ulation s of vacation allo w a n ces by y e a r s of s e r v ic e , paym ents other than "length of tim e ," such as percentage of annual earn in gs or fla t-su m p aym ents, w ere con verted to an equ ivalent tim e b a sis; for exam ple, a paym ent of 2 percent of annual earn in gs w as c o n sid ered a s 1 w e e k 's pay. 19 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P ercen t of office and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u str ie s and in in dustry d iv isio n s em p loyed in e sta b lish m en ts providing health, in su ra n ce, or p en sion b en efits, N ew ark and J e r se y C ity, N .J ., F eb ruary I960) O F F IC E W O R K E R S Type of ben efit A ll in d u stries * M anu facturing A ll w o rk ers _ ___________________________________ 100 100 W orkers in esta b lish m e n ts providing: L ife in su r a n c e ________________________________ A ccid en tal death and d ism em b erm en t in su rance ------------------------------------------------------S ick n ess and accid en t in su ran ce or sick lea v e or both 4__________________________ S ick n ess and a ccid en t in su ra n ce — — _ S ick lea v e (full pay and no w aiting p e r io d )___________________________ S ick lea v e (p artial pay or w aiting period ) ___ ____________________ H osp italization in su ra n ce ____________________ S u rgical in su ra n ce _________________ ________ M edical in su r a n c e ____________________________ C atastrophe in su ra n ce _______________________ R etirem en t p e n s io n __________________________ No health, in su ra n ce, or p en sion p la n _____ 94 58 94 50 77 5 87 82 56 36 87 (7) 97 60 97 71 84 ( 7) 88 88 53 25 86 ( 7) P u b lic , u tilitie s W holesale trad e PL A N T W ORKERS R etail trade3 F in a n ce4 Services in d u str ies’ M an u factu rin g P u b lic _ u tilitie s 2 W holesale trad e R etail trad e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 92 77 88 50 66 2 89 84 60 31 77 87 27 93 52 60 6 80 74 48 27 71 2 96 61 92 25 85 98 95 73 66 97 92 53 76 62 22 6 90 86 60 17 75 1 96 55 76 69 17 2 93 93 64 18 82 1 80 42 78 43 24 31 80 62 48 22 77 89 62 66 42 35 8 77 68 39 11 61 Services 84 34 86 51 44 8 86 80 53 16 69 2 49 88 28 50 37 63 41 37 15 84 1 Includ es data for s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . 2 T ransportation , com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s. 3 E xclu d es lim ite d -p r ic e v a riety s to r e s. 4 F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e sta te . 5 Includ es data for r e a l esta te and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely . 4 U nduplicated total of w o rk ers re ce iv in g sick lea v e or sic k n e ss and accid en t in su rance shown sep arately below . S ick -le a v e plans are lim ite d to th ose w hich d efin itely e sta b lish at le a s t the m inim um num ber of days' pay that can be exp ected by each em p loyee. Inform al s ic k -le a v e allo w a n ces d eterm in ed on an individual b a sis a re exclud ed. 7 L e ss than 0. 5 p ercen t. NOTE: See note on p. 15, r ela tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilro a d s. 21 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the B ureaus wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Biller, machine (billing machine)— Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping 'memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)— Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrarid, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A— Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping- Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 22 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. CLERK, FILE Class A— In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the files. May per form incidental clerical duties. Class B— Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives custom ers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto m asters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. 23 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A— Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations a/idday-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B— Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. 24 TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A— Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- TYPIST— Continued tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B— Performs one or more of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (A ssistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishm ent. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 25 MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials nec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. D POW ERPLANT FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts ot a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma ch in ists handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 26 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard m aterials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist’s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience, MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose p rim a ry d u tie s involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout MILLWRIGHT— Continued are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishm ent. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making standard t e s t s t o d e t e r m i n e whether finished pipes meet specifications* . In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. 27 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE K eeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installatio n of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installin g or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’s snake. In general, the work of the m aintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE F ab ricates, in sta lls, and m aintains in good repair the sheetm etal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) of an establishm ent. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out a ll types of sheet-m etal m aintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal-w orking m achines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installin g sh eetm etal articles as required. In general, the work of the m aintenance sheet-m etal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (D ie maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) C onstructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and w ritten sp ecificatio n s; using a variety of tool and die maker’s handtools and precision m eas uring instrum ents, understanding of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipm ent; making necessary shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work, sp eed s, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heattreating of m etal parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required q u alities; working to clo se tolerances; fitting and assem bling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selectin g appropriate m aterials, tools, and p ro cesses. In general, the tool and die maker’s work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued T ransports passengers betw een floors of an office building, apartm ent house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ilar establishm ent. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing m etal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte-* nance serv ices; cleaning lavatories, show ers, and restroom s. Workers who sp ecialize in window w ashing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police d u ties, either at fixed post or on tour, m aintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary . Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering . JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER -(Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress) C leans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washroom s, or prem ises of an office, apartm ent house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (L oader and unloader; handler and stack er; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehousem an or w arehouse helper) A worker employed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or 28 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING—-Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; tran s porting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. L o n g s h o re m e n , w h o lo a d a n d u n lo a d s h ip s a re e x c lu d e d . ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; w arehouse stockm an) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored m erchandise in accordance with specifications on sa le s slip s, customers* orders, or other instru ctio n s. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, req u isi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING P repares finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, siz e, and number of units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipm ent. Work requires the placing of item s in shipping containers and m a y in v o lv e one o r m ore o f th e f o llo w in g : Knowledge of various item s of stock in order to verify content; selectio n of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent breakage or dam age; closing and sealing container; applying lab els or entering identifying data on container. P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c ra te s a re e x c lu d e d . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK P repares m erchandise for shipm ent, or receives and is respon sible for incom ing shipm ents of m erchandise or other m aterials. S h ip p in g w o rk in v o lv e s : A knowledge of shipping procedures, p ractices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting w eight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a s s is t in preparing the m erchandise for shipm ent. R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s : V eri fying or directing others in v e r if y in g the correctness of shipm ents ag ain st b ills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper de partm ents; m aintaining necessary records and file s. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follow s: R e c e iv in g c le r k S h ip p in g c le r k S h ip p in g a n d r e c e iv in g c le r k TRUCKDRIVER D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or men betw een various types of e sta b lishm ents such as: M anufacturing p lants, freight depots, w arehouses, w holesale and retail establishm ents, or betw een retail establishm ents and customers* houses or places of b u sin ess. May also load or unload truck with or w ithout helpers, make minor m echanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D r iv e r -s a le s m e n a n d o v e r -th e -r o a d d r iv e r s a re e x c lu d e d . For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are c lassified by size and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on the b asis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under lV2 tons) T r u c k d r iv e r , m e d iu m ( IV 2 to a n d in c lu d in g 4 to n s ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 to n s , t r a i l e r t y p e ) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER O perates a manually controlled gaso lin e- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follow s: T ru c k e r , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) T r u c k e r , p o w e r ( o t h e r th a n f o r k l i f t ) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property ag ain st fire, theft, and illeg al entry. * U .S. GOVER N M ENT P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : I9 6 0 0 — 5 4 9 6 6 5 Occupational Wage Surveys O ccupational wage surveys are being conducted in 60 major labor markets during late 1959 and early I960. T hese bulletins, when av aila ble, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, W ashington 25, D. C ., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for all labor m arkets, combined with additional an aly sis, w ill be issu ed early in 1961. B ulletins for the areas listed below are now available. Baltim ore, Md., Septem ber 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-7, price 15 cents Boston, M ass., October 1959—BLS Bull. 1265”8, price 25 cents Buffalo, N.Y., October 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-4, price 20 cents Canton, Ohio, December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-10, price 25 cents C leveland, Ohio, Septem ber 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-1, price 20 cents D allas, T ex., O ctober 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-3, price 20 cents Dayton, Ohio, December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-9, price 25 cents Denver, Colo., Decem ber 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-11, price 25 cents Fort Worth, T ex., November 1959-B LS Bull. 1265-13, price 25 cents Indianapolis, Ind., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-22, price 25 cents Jacksonville, F la ., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-14, price 25 cents Memphis, Tenn., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-19, price 25 cents Miami, F la., Decem ber 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-6, price 20 cents M inneapolis—St. P aul, Minn., January I960—BLS B ull. 1265-21, price 25 cents Philadelphia, P a ., November 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-16, price 25 cents Pittsburgh, P a., December 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-20, price 25 cents Portland, Maine, November 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-12, price 20 cents St. L ouis, Mo., O ctober 1959—BLS Bull. 1265-5, price 25 cents San Bernardino—R iverside—O ntario, C alif., November 1959BLS Bull. 1265-15, price 25 cents San F ran cisco —Oakland, C alif., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-17, price 25 cents S eattle, Wash., August 1959-B LS Bull. 1265-2, price 25 cents Washington, D .C .—Md.—Va., January I960—BLS Bull. 1265-18, price 25 cents
