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Occupational Wage Survey NEWARK-JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY D ECEM BER 19SS B L S B u lle tin N o. 1 1 8 8 -1 0 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clagua, Commissioner O ccu p a tio n al W age S u rv e y N E W A R K -J E R S E Y C IT Y , N E W J E R S E Y DECEMBER 1955 Bulletin No. 1188H0 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS iwa«t Clofue, Commissionar April 1956 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C, Price 20 cents Contents Page I n t r o d u c t i o n ----------------------------------------------„ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 3 T a b le s : A: B: E sta b lish m e n ts and w In dexes o f stan dard w h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r fo r s e le cte d p e rio d s o r k e r s w i t h i n s c o p e o f s t u d y _______________________________________________________________________________________ e e k ly sa la rie s fo r o ffic e c le r ic a l and a v e r a g e s tra ig h t-tim e s e l e c t e d p la n t o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , a n d p e r c e n t o f i n c r e a s e _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 3 O ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s * A A A A -l: - 2: - 3: - 4: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 E B B B B B s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c tic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s * -l: S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r o v i s i o n s _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ -2 : M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s __________________________________________________________________________ -3 : S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ -4 : P a i d h o l i d a y s ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ -5 : P a i d v a c a t i o n s _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13 14 15 16 17 B -6 : A p p e n d ix : O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s -----------------------------------------------P r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l o ccu p a tio n s _ M a in te n a n ce and p o w e rp la n t o ccu p a tio n s C u sto d ia l an d m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o ccu p a tio n s vO oo m 1: 2: H ea lth , in su ra n ce , Job d e s crip tio n s a n d p e n s i o n p l a n s _____________________________________________________________________________________ « ________ 19 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 21 * N O T E : S im ila r ta b u la tio n s reports fo r N o v e m b e r 1951, p ort a lso o v e rtim e pay prov p rice of C ity fo r m o s t o f th ese ite m s a re a v a ila b le N ov em b er 1952, D e ce m b e r 1953, and in th e N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y a r e a D e c e m b e r 1954. T h e 1953 r e p r o v id e s ta b u la tio n s o f w a g e s tr u c tu r e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , and pay p ro v isio n s. T h e 1954 r e p o r t a l s o in c lu d e s d ata on fr e q u e n c y o f w a g e p a y m e n t s , an d i s io n s f o r h o lid a y s fa llin g on n on w ork d a y s. A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g d a te o f s t u d y a n d th e th e r e p o r t s , a s w e ll a s r e p o r t s f o r o th e r m a j o r a r e a s , is a v a ila b le u p o n r e q u e s t . C urrent rep orts area are a lso on o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and su p p le m e n ta ry a v a ila b le for m a c h in e r y (J a n u a ry 1 9 5 6 ), w a g e p r a c t i c e s in th e N e w a r k - J e r s e y in d u stria l c h e m ic a ls (A u g u s t 1 9 5 5 ), w om en*s and m is s e s 1 d resses (A u g u st 1 9 5 5 ), p o w e r la u n d r ie s and dry cle a n e rs (J u n e 1 9 5 5 ), a n d o f f i c e b u ild in g s e r v i c e (Ju n e 1 9 55 ). U n io n s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s , a r e a v a ila b le f o r th e fo llo w in g t r a d e s o r in d u s t r ie s : B u ild in g c o n s t r u c t io n , p r in tin g , lo c a l tr a n s it o p e r a tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o to rtru ck d riv e rs. iii Occupational W a g e Survey - Newark-Jersey City, N. J.'* I n t r o d u c t io n T h e in d u s tr ia l L a b o r N e w a r k -J e r s e y ce n te rs S ta tis tic s r e la te d w age o b ta in e d by h as esta te ; and s e r v ic e s . and p r e s c r ib e d n is h fo r w o rk e rs ea ch o f th e m u m is c o s t, a In th e ir s tu d ie d th e a re o f g r o u p in g and oth e r e x c lu d e d th e o c c u p a tio n s th e s tu d ie d ta b u la tio n s c o n fe w e r th a n th ey fu r to stru ctu re on T o o f a s a m p le th a n t h e r e fo r e ,~ a s 2 o f h ow ev er, E s tim a te s a re a , b a s is a p p r o p r ia te la r g e d a ta , to w a rra n t b a sed fo r a c cu ra cy and a ll th ose o f th e c a tio n is a cco u n t (s e e an d b a se d o f t io n s : fo r (in (a ) n a n ce and a c lu d e d u n ifo r m set lis tin g a re in d u s tr ie s . th e fo r c e of jo b v a r ia t io n th ese d e s c r ip tio n s in d u tie s c le r ic a l; (b ) p r o fe s s io n a l an d (d ) c u s to d ia l sh ow n w e e k ly but W h ere and c u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e fo r la te h ou rs is w h ic h in th e p r e m iu m w e e k ly fo r fu ll-tim e to th e fo r o c c u p a tio n s te c h n ic a l; m a t e r ia l a re o c c u p a tio n a l and a s s c h e d u le s s a la r ie s h ave fo r b een ta k e jo b d a ta a re o f o ccu p a (c) m a in te h ir e d fo r w ork a re o ffic e to p a id ; rou n ded to (b ) T h e o f th e lis h m e n t s h a v in g u sed “ o th er" th e o r , w as p r o fe s s io n a l, C a fe te r ia th e e s fro m r e la tiv e o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s d a ta . to on on if and tic a lly th e on if a ite m s c le r ic a l o c no at th e a s u sed and a rou tem en a s in a d “ P la n t w o rk e rs e m p lo y e e s , as s e r e la te e x c lu d e s fu n c t io n s . u tiliz e d in c lu d e d (ta b le is B -l) and a re (in A d m in is fo r c e - sep a ra te w ork e x c lu d e d p la n t w o r k e r s a re p re se n te d in t e r m s at lim ite d b oth in to in in non m an m a n u fa c t u r in g te rm s o f o f t o t a l p la n t w o r k e r on th e d iffe r e n tia ls , am ou n t en tra n ce T h ey h e a lth , b a s is th e T h e n ea rest te c h n ic a l a re s h ift th e b a s is t im e th e a p p lie d to o f a (a ) su rv ey . m a jo r ity , e sta b e m p lo y m e n t, o f w o rk e rs th e a m o u n t a p p ly in g th a t su ch d is c r e tio n o f a re a c t u a lly In to a e sta b m a jo r ity th e c la s s ific a tio n o n ly to th e a re p la n s o f not p la n s is w h ereb y e m p lo y e r . p a id to a ll p la n t o r lim it e d o ff to p a id s t a t is or m ay r o u n d in g , t im e ra th er trea ted o ffic e e v e n tu a lly su m s n e c e s s a r ily S e p a ra te e sta b h o lid a y s ; a re e lig ib le do th e e s t a b lis h m e n t , h o u rs; B e ca u se o f v a c a tio n p la n s r e la te an a p p lic a b le w o rk e rs lis t e d .4 in fo r m a l on a n d p e n s io n ta b u la tio n s su m m a ry B -2 ) S c h e d u le d th e se o f th ese e x c lu d in g (ta b le p re se n te d b a s is . p r a c tic e s in ra te s a re in s u r a n c e , m a jo r ity fo r m en ts, and n o n s u p e r v is o r y n o n o ffic e w o rk e rs but a re on a s th e y w o rk e rs , “ e m p lo y e e s a ll and p re se n te d e m p lo y m e n t v id u a l w eek ta b le s ) u sed . v a c a tio n s ; n e a re st B -s e r ie s “ o ffic e in w ho s p e c ifie d v is ite d . an w o rk e rs P r o v is io n s a n d te c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l. and p r a c tic e , v a r ie d M in im u m lis h m e n t s th a n te rm en gaged e m p lo y e e s W age th e c le r ic a l fo re m e n 3 p resen ted on w as (in p r o fe s s io n a l, in fo r m a tio n e ffe c tiv e q u a lify th e in d ic a te in a ll am on g o b ta in e d s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fits o ffic e in d u s t r ie s , e m p lo y e d in th e a ll an d tr a in e e s ) T h is e x a v era g e to d iffe r e n c e s in a c tu a lly in d u s tr ie s . a re e a r n in g s (ro u n d e d a re to sam e b on u ses in c e n tiv e and of c la s s ific a tio n . and o n ly tota l n u m ber stru ctu re a ccu ra cy a ls o and S h ift d iff e r e n t ia l d a ta c la s s ifi th ose th e th e n ot th e e m p lo y m e n t S u p p le m e n ta r y p resen te d w o r k in g e x c lu d e d . u fa c t u r in g m ov em en t. i .e ., o v e r t im e rep orted , w ork th e ty p es N o n p r o d u c tio n b on u ses s tr a ig h t-tim e th ese g iv e n pay a re and v a r ie ty E a r n in g s fo llo w in g w o rk e rs, s h ifts . c o s t -o f-liv in g h a lf e a r n in g s fo r s c h e d u le e x c lu d e h o lid a y s , a ls o , and th e a se rv e T h ese a ffe c t w o rk e rs . c o n s tr u c tio n m in im u m d e s ig n e d w ith in d e s c r ip tio n s ). fo r to re p re se n t and o c c u p a tio n a l s tu d ie d and e x e c u tiv e , m a n u fa c tu r in g in is in c lu d e s e x e c u tiv e , a ccou n t a re e s ta b lis h m e n ts O c c u p a tio n a l O ffic e a re p la n t le a d m e n t r a tiv e , at m in i e s t a b lis h m e n t s com m on ta b le s ) d a ta h ou r) o f stu d y A -s e r ie s r e g u la r c lu d e d . a p o w e r p la n t ; w eek en d s, fo r th e D a ta E a r n in g s s e le c te d in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t a p p e n d ix p re se n te d and lis h m e n t p o lic y , n o n m a n u fa ctu r in g on P r a c tic e s b u lle tin , c lu d in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b e lo w in s tu d ie d . m a t e r ia lly w o r k e r s 1' i n c l u d e E a r n in g s o c c u p a tio n s not jo b s stu d y o f o c c u p a tio n a l e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s o ffic e th is in s u r e e s t a b lis h m e n t s on th e to and to th e In fo r m a tio n le c te d p r o v id e d b e ca u se s m a ll a ll r e la tin g excep t d o m in is tr a tiv e , a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o b ta in o f e s tim a te s o f th e o f d iffe r e n c e s e s tim a te s o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts E s t a b lis h m e n t th ese th e a re s a m p le th e scop e re a l fro m b eca u se w it h in th e B eca u se im p o r ta n c e p u b lic and and h a v in g a ls o ta b lis h m e n ts , r e p r e s e n ta tiv e o p e r a tio n s o m it t e d su rv ey ed . a re M a n u fa c tu r in g ; in s u r a n c e , grou p s and in d u s tr ie s . m a n u fa c tu r in g h a lf d a ta s tu d ie d . T h e ly to E s ta b lis h m e n t s s u r v e y in g th e e a r n in g s e s t a b lis h m e n t s o f d iv is io n s . w e ig h t . and fin a n c e , sep a ra te p r o p o r t io n c o m b in in g a g en ts O c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t im p o r ta n t B u rea u a re a , d iv is io n s : c o m m u n ic a t io n , con d u cted in r e s u lts . p re se n te d , O c c u p a tio n s w o rk a re a p p ro p r ia te in d u s tr y s iz e su rv e y s g re a te r s tu d ie d . g iv e n in d u s tr y c o s t in v o lv e d p u b lic a tio n in each a re p o s s ib le , b ro a d T h e se u n n e ce ssa ry p rom p t e m p lo y m e n t o c c u p a tio n a l govern m en t in d u s t r ie s . se v e ra l L a b or*s fie ld in d u s tr y a re e x t r a c t iv e W h e re v e r o f o f In tra d e; n u m b er o f o f in d u s tr y r e t a il M a jo r on e b a s is . B u rea u r a ilr o a d s ), r a ilr o a d s , in s u ffic ie n t in c lu s io n . 1 * su rv ey s b ro a d tra d e ; is D ep a rtm en t a r e a w id e o f s ix (e x c lu d in g b e s id e s s tr u c tio n a an v is it s w ith in w h o le s a le s tu d ie s , on a rea th e con d u cted p e rs o n a l t r a n s p o r ta tio n C ity w h ic h b e n e fits e s t a b lis h m e n t s u tilitie s ; in o f in d i equ al to ta ls . fo rm a l a r r a n g e w it h pay e s tim a te s is a re g ra n ted p r o v id e d d o lla r . 3 * T h is N ew Y o rk , P a u l E . N . S ee 2 T he w as Y ., b y W a r w ic k , 1 w o rk e rs re p o rt ta b le F r e d e r ic k R e g io n a l 1 fo r ta b u la tio n r e la te s p re p a re d o n ly th e m in im u m p r o v is io n s B u rea u *s M u e lle r , and m in im u m -s iz e o f to W . W age in under I n d u s tr ia l th e ra tes o ffic e in e ith e r d ir e c tio n of o f R e la tio n s e s ta b lis h m e n t en tra n ce in r e g io n a l th e ta b le w om en w o rk e rs . 1 fo llo w in g o r S c h e d u le d B -3 ) w o rk e rs o ffic e s tu d ie d . e s t a b lis h m e n t th e su rv ey , 4 A n a ly s t . co v e re d . fo r e s t a b lis h m e n t s A n of a re (2 ) had in c o n s id e r e d (l) a s p r o v is io n s h ou rs fo r in o ffic e s te rm s w it h th e o ffic e of h a v in g O p era ted fo r m a l w e e k ly p re se n te d e m p lo y e d w as c o n d it io n s : th e la te p o lic y s h ifts c o v e r in g w o rk e rs p r o p o r t io n in d ic a te d a w e e k ly la te (fir s t o f if at m et tim e s h ifts . s e c t io n w om en h ou rs it th e fo r o f o ffic e w om en 2 a c c o r d in g a s t im e to e m p lo y e r p a y m en ts, H ow ever, in p a y m en ts not on a p e rce n t o f annual o f 2 1 w e e k 's th e p r a c tic e p e rcen t ta b u la tio n s t im e in o f c o m p u t in g annual o f v a c a tio n b a s is w e re e a r n in g s v a c a tio n e a r n in g s , a llo w a n c e s con v erted ; w as or by fo r p a y m en ts, fla t -s u m y e a rs a s th e b e n e fits s ic k -le a v e a s e r v ic e , pay a paym en t b eca u se e q u iv a le n t of o r (1 ) of p la n s D a ta fo r e x c e p tin g s o c ia l a re w h ic h o n ly p re se n te d at le a s t le g a l s e c u r ity . com p a n y d ir e c tly th e set by a s id e life p la n s and th is a ll out h e a lth , o f th e co s t su ch in c lu d e th o se e m p lo y e r fo r fo r p a rt r e q u ir e m e n ts S u ch in s u r a n c e a p r o v id e d o f cu rren t p u rp o se . a s th ose D ea th in s u r a n c e , is b orn e w o r k m e n 1s a o p e r a tin g b e n e fits by a u n io n fu n d s a re th e p e n s io n o r a s a p a id m e d ic a l a fu n d e m p lo y e e s fo rm o f ic a l su ra n ce th e u n d er e m p lo y e r have on a In fo r m a tio n o r is te m p o ra ry m o re T a b le th a n 1: is in a re le g a lly E s t a b lis h m e n t s fo r N ew a ll su ch Y ork and w o r k e r s o r w it h in m ade p la n s N ew to M o f s u r v e y in im o r o r d u r in g a p a id a re s ic k e ith e r w ho le a v e , an b oth ty p es o r In a re fr o m fu ll w o rk a c c o r d in g p e r io d , p e r io d . w o rk e rs p r o v id e a b se n ce p r o v id e d w a it in g w a itin g o f r e c e iv e no T a b u la tio n s w h ic h and (2 ) a d d it io n p r o v id e d to p la n s to th e s ick n e s s u n d u p lic a t e d tota l is o f b e n e fit. in s u r a n c e , in c lu d e s o f s o m e tim e s th o se s ic k n e s s p la n s and in ju r y o f h o s p ita liz a tio n , r e fe r s to p la n s S u ch c o m p a n ie s o r T a b u la t io n s th a t p r o v id e p la n s m a y be o f fo r and fo r c o m p le te th e a s e x p e n se s u n d e r w r it t e n p e n s io n p a y m en ts to ex ten d ed d e s ig n e d to p ro te ct b eyon d s u r g ic a l p la n s . o r g a n iz a tio n s r e tir e m e n t m o n th ly a re in v o lv in g m e d ic a l, p r o v id in g n o n p r o fit r e fe r r e d w h ic h o r by o r p la n s p a r tia l p a y m e n t c o m m e r c ia l th ey a re m a y lim it e d r e m a in d e r th e M ed o f th e in be s e lf- to th ose w o r k e r 's life . e m (l) c o n 5 e m p lo y e e a n d pay and la w . p la n s w h ic h r e q u ir e th e in s u r a n c e p la n s th e ca se d o c to r s 1 fe e s . in s u r e d . d ir e c tly a c c id e n t in co v e ra g e su ra n ce in w h ic h e m p lo y e r p r o v id e s s c o p e o r o f J e rs e y , w h ic h if th e (2 ) ty p e illn e s s la w s o n ly th a t a re d u r in g in s u r a n c e r e q u ir e d , to p a y m en ts in c lu d e d a n d lim ite d b a s is p resen ted d is a b ilit y is ca sh m o n th ly H ow ev er, c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 5* p l a n s t r ib u te s in s u r a n c e p r e d e te r m in e d w e e k ly c o n t r ib u te s . en a cted p lo y e r a c c id e n t w h ic h in s u r e d d is a b ility . and in s u r a n c e , n orm a l in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s w ho C a ta stro p h e o r fr o m pay p r o p o r tio n s in s u r a n c e o f w ork ers pay ta b u la tio n s fu ll o f th e fo rm a l w o r k e r 's S e p a ra te p a r tia l th e to and o f to a c c id e n t show n c o m m e r c ia l fu n d in c lu d e d and e m p lo y e r , c o m p e n s a tio n u n d e r w r it t e n th rou g h and by of r e q u ir e m e n ts lim ite d th e p r o v id e e ith e r th e a re of illn e s s . w h ic h p r e s e n ta tio n p la n s ex ceed p la n s p r o p o r t io n p r o v id in g p ay. w h ic h o f p a id o f e x a m p le , c o n s id e r e d w it h su ch a m ou n ts. n u m b e r do s t u d ie d in n ot N e w The tem p ora ry r e q u ir e a r k - J e r s e y d is a b ilit y e m p lo y e r C it y , N . J . la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R h od e I s la n d c o n t r ib u tio n s . , A b y m a j o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 5 u m N u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s s i z e I n d u s t r y e s t a b l i s h d iv i s i o n W m W it h in s c o p e M d i v i s i o n s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- T o t a l 3 a n u fa c t u r in g T r a n s p o r t a t i o n c o m W m R e t a il 2 7 1 3 9 5 ,5 0 0 2 6 7 ,0 0 0 3 2 ,5 0 0 1 3 0 1 2 8 ,5 0 0 3 6 , 1 0 1 4 8 1 8 3 3 ,9 0 0 7 ,3 0 0 2 1 ,0 0 0 2 8 ,5 7 0 5 1 1 6 2 3 7 1 8 ,5 0 0 4 ,4 0 0 8 ,1 0 0 6 ,1 3 0 2 0 ,8 0 0 1 8 ,6 8 0 6 0 0 1 6 ,3 3 0 ( e x c e p t o t h e r l i m p u b lic u t il it ie s 4 i t e d - p r i c e 5 7 2 3 2 5 ,9 0 0 9 8 2 3 2 7 ,6 0 0 S e r v i c e s * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 1 1 1 4 2 9 2 2 ,6 0 0 o t h e r a b ly in f in a n c e , e w a r e a a u t o 3 I n c lu d e s A l s o 5 E s t im H a n d C it y e n t in d e x e s p a y a n d p e r i o d s e r v i c e , a n d r e a l e a s u r e a n d t o t a l o f e m (2 ) e m a ll e n t a n d e n t s t r e n d s a t o r a r e t o C o u n t ie s ) . f o r c e o t h e r in c i d e n t a l s e r v i c e s ; U n io n e s t a b lis h m e n t t h e a t e r s e s t a b lis h m b u s in e s s * a n d l a b o r p lo y m s m p r o f e s s i o n a l s e r v i c e s th e p lo y m o t i o n - p i c t u r e e s t a t e s e r v i c e s ; in c lu d e d o r l e v e l s e n t s a b o v e a r e t h e c o n s i d e r e d w o r k e r s w a t e r m T h e in t h e s in c e " w ( l ) e x c l u d e d in im a s u m 1 e x c l u d e d o r k e r s s u r v e y . w it h in T h e p la n n in g f r o m s iz e t h e l i m o f e s t a b lis h m e n t . f r o m s e p a r a t e t h e w a g e s c o p e i t a t i o n . s c o p e e s t im o f A ll a t e s o f a r e 2 ,4 0 0 1 9 , ( 7 ) s t u d y " n o t s u r v e y s 5 6 0 0 e s t i m in t e n d e d , r e q u i r e s t h e a t e s s h o w n h o w u s e 1 3 ,0 1 0 ( 7 ) e v e r , o f in t o t h is t a b le s e r v e e s t a b lis h m a s e n t p r o v i d e a b a s i s d a t a c o m a o f r e a s o n a b ly c o m p i l e d p a r i s o n c o n s i d e r s u r v e y . o u t le t s o f f i c e a n d (w it h in p la n t t h e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , c a t e g o r i e s . t r a n s p o r t a t i o n . o n ly . a u t o m o b il e r e p a i r s h o p s ; r a d io b r o a d c a s t i n g a n d t e l e v i s i o n ; m o t io n p i c t u r e ; n o n p r o f it m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; a n d s e r v i c e s . d iv i s i o n p r e s e n t a t i o n m t e c h n i c a l , t o m w it h H u d s o n , p o s i t i o n s t u d ie d a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l ( E s s e x , c o m t o e n t s t a x i c a b s , r e l a t e s — A r e a s i z e p e r s o n a l in d u s t r y s e p a r a t e e s t a t e t h e e x e c u t i v e , a t e o t e ls ; r e a l e s t a b lis h m e x c l u d e s 6 T h is t h e a l l r e p a ir 4 7 o f p lo y m o f I n c lu d e s a n d a r k - J e r s e y e m a d v a n c e e n g in e e r in g ju s t i f y _____________________________________________________________________ d e s c r i p t i o n w it h 2 N 8 2 ,7 2 0 _________ a n d in s u r a n c e , T h e 1 6 0 ,0 4 0 6 3 ,1 0 0 _____________________________________________________________________ 5 1 1 1 9 6 ,3 0 0 7 0 0 r a i l r o a d s ) , 1 0 1 a c c u r a t e 2 4 2 ,7 6 0 1 4 1 s t o r e s ) o t a l 3 2 5 9 ,4 0 0 5 8 4 ------------------------------- v a r i e t y F in a n c e , T 6 9 ,2 0 0 4 7 9 t r a d e t r a d e 1 ,0 6 3 - ( e x c l u d i n g S t u d ie d P la n t 1 0 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- s t u d y f f i c e _ u n ic a t i o n , h o le s a le O ________________________________________________________________________ a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------- N o n m o f 2 _ _ s c o p e S t u d ie d o f o f s t u d y s t u d y A ll it h in e n t s c o p e in i s o f r e p r e s e n t e d d a t a . in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l in d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g " in t h e S e r i e s A a n d B t a b l e s , a lt h o u g h c o v e r a g e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t t o 3 W age T a b u la te d c a l w o rk e rs , and F o r w e e k ly s c h e d u le fo r th e e x c lu d in g d a y s, k ey w h ic h ea ch in d e x ; 10 th e p la n t an d g iv e n y e a r to (1 0 0 ) to get m o st th e and S ee w e e k ly s a la r ie s o f th e s e le c te d o r w ere a g g re g a te in d e x T A B L E fo r a n d th e fo r 2 : I n d e x e s th e jo b . th e of b a se g iv e n w ere T he an th e in d e x e s th e jo b s s t a n d a r d N w e e k l y th e s a l a r i e s C it y , f o r N . J in a lo w e r a ls o in c lu d e d oth er a rea a to in th e th e even in jo b ; fo r c e in w h erea s h ave th e th e a e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h t s in r e la b o r m ig h t o c c u r e d u c t io n o f out ch an ge (3 ) s p e c ific le v e ls . no g en era l pay e x p a n s io n a p r o p o r t io n p ay and o p p o s ite e s t a b lis h m e n t th ou g h (l) sam e A in d e x , in o f in c re a s e s w o rk e rs d iffe r e n t h ig h -p a y in g d rop , in w o u ld s h ifts w it h e ffe c ts oth er p a id w o rk e rs by th e o r r e d u c t io n . lo w e r d rop p a id a ffe c te d o f in d e x or o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s m ov em en t m e r it w h ile e x p a n s io n r e s u lt p r in c ip a lly (2 ) w o rk e rs p r o p o r t io n a re th e T he w o rk e rs e m F o r o f in e ffe c t. an ra tes e x a m p le , a rea c o u ld o ccu rre d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts . o f fo r m on th , fo r in a re b a sed . , o f f i c e D b e r 1 9 5 4 con sta n t p r o p o r tio n in d e x . N or s c h e d u le s on pay fo r o f w o rk e rs a re o r in th e in d e x e s p r e m iu m s tr a ig h t-tim e e lim in a t e s re p re se n te d in in flu e n c e d pay fo r th e each by e ffe c ts jo b in ch an ges o v e r t im e , s in c e h o u rs. In d ex es la b o r m a rk ets, a n d a n d a v e r a g e D e c e m 17 1 9 5 5 th e L a b or s t r a i g h t - t i m b e r fo r a n d e p e r io d a p p ea red 1952 B L S to 1 9 5 4 -5 5 . e a r n in g s s e l e c t e d o f f o r in c r e a s e f o r 1955 B u ll. M a rk ets, h o u r ly p e r c e n t in s e l e c t e d p la n t fo r w o rk e rs 1172, W ages o c c u p a t io n a l in 17 and g r o u p s m a jo r R e la te d 2 p e r i o d s I n d e x e s ( N I n d u s t r y a n d o c c u p a t io n a l o v e m b e r P e r c e n t 1 9 5 2 -1 0 0 ) g r o u p D e c e m b e r D e c e m D e c e m D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 4 D e c e m 1 9 5 5 D e c e m b e r t o A l l N i n c r e a s e s o v e m f r o m 1 9 5 2 — N o v e m N o v e m t o t o b e r b e r b e r 1 9 5 4 D e c e m b e r 1 9 5 1 N o v e m b e r 1 9 5 2 D e c e m b e r t o b e r 1 9 5 3 f f i c e c l e r i c a l S k il le d U m (w o m e n ) a in t e n a n c e n s k i lle d p la n t (m (m _ e n ) _ e n ) 1 1 4 .0 1 0 9 . 8 3 . 3 .9 5 . 7 .0 2 2 .0 1 1 5 .4 1 0 9 . 5 5 .4 3 . 7 5 .6 3 .9 2 0 .0 1 1 8 .2 1 1 1 . 5 6 .0 4 . 2 7 . 1 6 .9 2 6 .4 8 8 7 a n u fa c t u r in g : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l S k il le d U m n s k i lle d 1 (w o m a in t e n a n c e p la n t B a s e d O o n (m (m ___________________________________ ________________ e n ) __________________________ _ f o r c l e r i c a l B __ e n ) d a t a f f i c e e n ) i l l e r s , th e f o l l o w ( w o m m p t o m a c h in e e t e r _ i n g 1 1 3 .9 1 0 9 . 3 . 8 3 . 7 5 .9 6 . 2 2 1 .0 1 1 5 . 7 1 0 9 .4 5 . 8 3 . 7 5 . 5 4 . 1 2 0 . 1 2 0 . 1 1 1 2 . 6 .9 4 . 1 7 . 8 8 . 2 3 0 .0 j o b s : 3 2 e n ) : B o o k k e e p i n g - m C o m _______ B a s e d o n d a t a S k il le d ( b il lin g a c h i n e m a c h in e ) o p e r a t o r s , m f o r th e A o p e r a t o r s a n d B a c h in is t s e c h a n ic s o r d e r M e c h a n ic s , p a y r o l l M il lw r ig h t s f i l e , C l e r k s , C l e r k s , K e y - p u n c h O f f i c e c l a s s A a n d B o p e r a t o r s a u t o m o t iv e P a in t e r s g i r l s P i p e f i t t e r s S e c r e t a r i e s S h e e t - m S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l T o o l S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s T a b u la t in g - m j o b s : e n ) : E l e c t r i c i a n s M l e r k s , ( m C a r p e n t e r s c l a s s M C f o ll o w in g a in t e n a n c e a c h i n e T r a n s c r i b i n g - m T y p i s t s , c l a s s U n s k ille d a n d o p e r a t o r s , B d ie J a n it o r s , o p e r a t o r s a c h i n e A e t a l a n d p la n t L a b o r e r s , g e n e r a l W a t c h m e n ( m w m o r k e r s a k e r s e n ) : p o r t e r s , m a t e r ia l a n d c l e a n e r s h a n d lin g 1 9 5 1 t o b e r i n d u s t r i e s : O M 1 9 5 3 b e r 1 9 5 4 1 9 5 5 in th e y a in d e x c l e r i c a l 1 e c e m of th e w ork w in t e r y ea r u se in th e sta n d a rd ea ch fo r ch a n ges c lu d e d 1952 e a r n in g s b a se T h e w e re B e n e fits , a r k - J e r s e y fo r c e o f by th e y e a r. in and ca u se a g g reg a tes (s u r v e y by o r in c re a s e s a la r ie s a g g reg a te grou p p e r io d tu rn ov er p lo y e d m ea su re ch a n g es; in d iv id u a l c le r ic a l e a r n in g s a v e ra g e w e ig h te d o b ta in by h o li a v e ra g e o f N ov em b er th ese c e iv e d in d e x e s w age 2. h o u r ly m u ltip lie d o f e w o ffic e jo b s and p r o p o r t io n s e le c te d im p o r ta n t th e ta b le T h ese to r a t io r e s u lt th e u n s k ille d b y th e added th e in s a la r y p a tio n w ork er e a r n in g s , fo r G rou p s T h e w ork on w e e k e n d s, n u m e r ic a lly a v era g e c le r i a v era g e p la n t d a ta O c c u p a t io n a l g rou p s. to h o u r ly on to S e le c te d sta n d a rd F o r w ork o c c u p a tio n s . in th a n F in a lly , p a id . in c lu d e d fo o tn o te s w e r e th e n m u ltip lie d e m p lo y m e n t th e b a sed 3 o ffic e r e la te is , fo r w o rk e r th a t fo r a re in d e x e s . p la n t in d e x e s a re and in d e x e s o f of w om en s tr a ig h t-tim e jo b s com p u ted th e in m a in te n a n c e 1953 th e s a la r ie s o v e r t im e in c lu d e g rou p . 1 9 5 2 -5 3 ) w a s fo r th e w ork , ch a n g es T h e o c c u p a tio n s o c c u p a tio n a l o f w ere e a r n in g s in d iv id u a l h ou rs jo b s ea ch D e ce m b e r s e le c te d E ig h te e n w o rk e r fo r o r h o u r ly p ay and A v e ra g e com p u ted s a la r ie s of m e a su re g rou p . s k ille d of s t r a ig h t-t im e s h ifts . o c c u p a tio n s in d e x e s e a r n in g s w o rk e rs , n o rm a l p r e m iu m la te a re c le r ic a l fo r in d e x e s and w ith in in o ffic e s a la r ie s g ro u p s, b e lo w o f a v e ra g e T ren d s 5 1 9 5 5 5 A : Occupational Earnings Table A-1: Office Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Newark-Jersey City, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—• Average o c c u p a tio n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Weekly Weekly * 3 0 J 0 3 5 .0 0 earnings ■ (Standard) (Standard) u n d e r 3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 0 .0 0 ■ 4 5 .0 0 ■ o o o Sex, Number of workers $ 5 5 .0 0 5 $ 6 0 . 00 * 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 ~ “ | | 6 0 .0 0 6 5 . 00 “ 4 5 . 00 5 0 . 00 5 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 | M en C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ---------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * --------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ----------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * -------------------------------------------------------------------- 543 301 242 47 103 51 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 3 5 .5 3 9 .5 3 6 .0 $ 8 6. 50 8 6 . 00 8 7 . 00 8 2 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 7 9. 50 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ---------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------- 381 147 3 9 .0 "3 9 .0 77. 00 6 8 . So M a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e --------------------------------------------------- 461 234 227 204 3 8 .5 T 9 j5 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 8 0 . 50 8 1 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 8 1 .0 0 C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ---------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------- 177 133 " 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 8 3 .0 0 8 37 50 O f f i c e b o y s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g — :----------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * -------------------------------------------------------------------- 530 226 304 26 162 3 8 .0 T O 3 7 .5 3 5 .5 3 7 .5 4 6 . 50 4 8 . 50 4 5 .0 0 4 9 .0 0 4 4 .0 0 T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s --------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------- 4 89 “ 2TR5 289 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 7 3 .0 0 " 7 7 .1 0 “ 7 0 .0 0 B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) -------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------------- 383 217 166 3 7. 5 3 8 .0 3 7 .0 6 0. 00 5 6. 50 6 4 . 50 B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b o o k k e e p in g m a c h i n e ) — ------------—--------------------------- -------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------- •------------------------- 142 — 5B 84 _ _ - - _ _ - 3 1 2 - - - - 2 1 - 9 1 _ _ . - 1 - - - - _ | 44 20 24 8 8 7 73 53 20 7 2 8 65 43 22 5 14 1 98 38 60 6 34 20 - - - 4 4 3 10 8 35 24 39 23 63 39 24 13 19 12 16 7 122 17 2 2 - 10 3" 28 - 12 12 24 2 22 22 31 15 16 16 44 100 44 56 55 107 72 35 34 44 19 25 25 23 13 10 4 6 2 4 4 12 16 16 12 12 22 17 39 34 14 12 18 8 8 7 7 - . - - - _ - 12 6 6 2 26 13 13 7 j| 80 42 38 6 5 2 - 7 3 4 s |s !$ 1$ s s * 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 j 9 0 . 0 0 9 5.0 0 | 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .00 1 30 .00 *13 5.0 0 ■ “ and 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 o v e r 50 4U ~ 10 2 6 - 31 27 4 _ 3 - - - - - - 21 4 17 2 . - - - - - - - 9 4 1 1 14 ll 7 5 19 15 55 6 49 130 68 62 2 32 101 45 56 2 45 93 5(5' 43 4 18 52 19 33 10 10 22 11 11 10 5 5 6 5 1 - - - 26 61 17 44 8 25 3 3 - - - . _ 4 17 - - - - “ ” 4 17 15 4 11 26 18 8 60 7 53 107 31 76 61 21 34 52 21 25 42 " " Z ff 14 71 32 39 3 - 22 17 5 43 29 14 90 41 49 75 43 32 47 42 5 40 33 7 15 6 9 11 6 5 6 - 6 6 6 6 6 5 4 1 3 30 8 22 9 8 26 9 17 42 '*""17 25 9 5 4 8 5 3 5 5 - 46 37 5 32 27 31 7 24 18 66 27 39 34 63 40 23 20 53 38 15 9 21 13 8 3 14 14 127 59 68 21 40 118 55 63 20 40 102 40 62 3 39 30 25 5 12 ll 1 5 - - - - 1 - - - - 48 24 24 21 69 41 28 13 69 39 30 4 88 65 23 5 68 55 13 3 10 2 8 6 7 - 3 7 2 1 - ' _ 28 - 1 - 22 7 15 4 11 20 4 16 4 _ 4 4 2 2 _ 2 2 -------- T -------1 2 _ _ _ _ _ 14 - 2 - 2 - _ _ - - _ _ ' - - - - - j 15 10 5 5 10 5 5 5 8 8 . _ _ - - - 1 12 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - 1 1 _ _ _ . _ - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - 7 4 3 2 _ _ - _ - _ - _ - - - 2 “ " “ 4 4 - - - - - 5 3 2 _ _ - - - “ ■ » - - - 12 IT) 2 13 12 1 5 1 1 1 - - _ 4 ! j 4 J 4 _ - - 2 _ . - ' W om en B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e * * -----------------------------------------------------------------B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B —--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e --------------------------------------------------- C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ---------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 38 — 194 163 851 T T7— 5 74 80 439 5 7 .0 0 3 8 .0 " 3 7 . 0 ..... “ 5 8 7 8 0 " 5 5 .5 0 3 8 .5 37. 5 "3 8 . 5 3 7 .0 3 6 .5 6 2 .0 0 6 8 . 00 5 7 .0 0 5 6 .0 0 3 7 .0 1S75“ " 3 6 .5 3 9 .5 3 6 .0 5 4 .0 0 59. 00 5 1 .5 0 5 6 . 50 5 0 .0 0 6 05 3 8 .5 “ 1 5 1 ----- 1 8 7 0 — 37. 5 254 3 7 .0 124 7 1. 50 737 50 6 8 .0 0 6 1 .0 0 - 3 . 7 - - - 7 . . _ - - 2 49 - - _ 2 49 7 1 - - 7 6 46 46 120 9 111 137 ' 38 8 77 149 37 112 23 83 32 1 31 31 34 5 29 21 _ _ - 2 48 109 _ . _ - - " - 99 ' - _ * 84 6l 23 12 - 2 _ - - - ■ 2 3 2 _ - _ - “ _ . - - - - - " - ■ - - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - ■ ~ ■ " " " “ " - - 4 3 1 1 . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 - 1 3 _ . _ - - - 1 3 - - - > - ” “ - “ 1 87 5 !T " 32 7 “ i See footnote at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 5 . - 1 t 1 _________1 O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y , N e w a r k -J e r s e y C it y , N . J . , D e c e m b e r 19 5 5 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s 6 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Newark-Jersey City, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average Sex, o c c u p a tio n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers $ s s |s is s $ $ $ !$ $ is is $ $ — S $ Weekly Weekly 3 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 . 00 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 ; 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 | 1 0 0 .0 0 1 05 .00 11 1 0.0 0; 11 5 .0 0 *120.00 1 2 5 .0 0 *130.001*135.00 hours earnings and and ' (Standard) (Standard) u n d e r 3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 5 0 . 00 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 70. 00! 7 5 . 00 8 0. 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 ll0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 111 5 .0 0 11 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 135.00; o v e r T j ! W o m e n - C o n t in u e d C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B ----------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -----------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 --------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * --------------------------------------------------------------- 961 47TT“ 491 108 94 122 119 3 8 .0 38. 5 37. 5 37. 5 38. 5 3 7 .0 36. 5 $ 5 8 . 50 5 9 . 00 5 8 .0 0 5 7 . 50 6 1 . 50 5 8 .0 0 5 6 .0 0 386 98 288 182 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 37. 5 5 7. 58; 56. 53. C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B --------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------F in a n c e * * --------------------------------------------- 1 ,2 0 0 377 823 68 552 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 37. 5 3 9 .5 37. 5 4 7 . 50 5 1 .5 6 4 6 .0 0 4 5 . 50 4 4 .0 0 C l e r k s , o r d e r -----------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 --------------------------------------- 449 2 33 216 154 56 38. 5 3 8 .5 38. 5 38. 5 38. 5 6 0 .0 0 6 4 . 06 5 6 .0 0 5 7. 50 5 1 .5 0 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A --------- ~ M a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------F i n a n c e * * ------------------------ 00 56 50 50 C l e r k s , p a y r o l l -----------M a n u f a c t u r in g — N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g 906 73(5 176 38. 5 3 8 :'5 37. 5 6 3 . 50 6 4 .0 0 6 1 .5 0 C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 ------------------------------------------------------ 9 48 483 4 65 172 201 3 8 .0 3 8 .6 37. 5 38. 5 37. 5 6 3 . 50 6 4. 66 6 3 . 50 6 7 . 00 5 8 .0 0 D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ( m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------- 88 57 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 5 4 .0 0 5 1 . 50 K e y -p u n c h o p e r a t o r s M a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g W h o le s a le t r a d e F i n a n c e * * ------------- 981 456 52 5 98 299 3 8 .0 38. 5 37. 5 38. 5 3 7 .0 5 8 . 50 6 o .6 o 5 7 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 O f f i c e g i r l s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -----------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4 48 HR 344 31 195 37. 5 3 9 .0 37. 5 36. 5 3 ,3 4 5 .0 0 4 7 . 50 4 4 .0 0 4 3 . 50 4 1 .0 0 1 _ 1 - _ - _ . - - - 7 84 l5 69 7 - - 3 66 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 . - - 2 1 23 5 18 4 139 42 97 31 9 23 24 9 ' 237 141 96 16 29 24 22 173 88 85 14 16 12 39 2 3 - - 3 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 458 68 390 39 295 226 85 141 6 116 200 94 106 17 52 123 54 69 5 20 46 28 18 37 17 20 6 4 2 - - - . - - 12 11 1 1 - - - 32 5 27 8 19 61 36 25 15 10 91 48 43 33 7 85 17 68 61 4 31 25 6 4 2 24 17 7 52 83 19 18 1 27 12 15 12 3 13 12 1 1 - 9 7 2 2 - - - - . 10 3 1 1 1 j - 1 1 | ! j - - - „ - _ _ _ - - _ - - 16 16 5 5 _ _ - - - - _ - - _ - - - - - - 33 '2 5 8 5 • 13 11 19 14 13 9 23 12 8 _ _ _ _ _ * ■ - - 107 51 56 5 49 10 9 1 1 3 3 - 3 3 - - - . - _ - _ - > - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - 99 34 65 12 19 149 6o 89 4 65 263 129 134 18 77 251 - 35 5 30 4 10 46 30 6 24 14 6 145 33 112 1 110 124 37 87 13 20 80 14 66 3 14 18 9 9 5 5 _ See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 118 138 49 79 - 59 48 11 4 - _ ' - - _ 75 50 25 12 11 1 1 - _ _ _ 122 52 70 52 15 _ ; ! _ ~ 1 - 125 73 52 26 14 _ - . - 203 130 73 10 53 ~ _ _ . 178 73 105 31 51 4 ------T _ _ - - 101 56 45 8 20 8 8 - _ 58 22 36 13 19 . ' - 15 - - _ 49 41 8 - _ . - - 132 114 18 15 _ _ _ _ - _ 145 116 29 1 _ - - - 144 134 10 - - - 1 1 123 94 29 - - - 140 102 38 2 _ - 56 86 26 - _ - j j > _ . - 29 26 3 15 41 10 ’ 1 - ; 1 16 7 9 6 7 10 1 1 - 51 16 35 3 1 45 - 21 2 19 6 10 2 * 48 12 36 21 - - 19 14 5 40 14 26 17 - 46 47 30 17 1 4 9 - 117 28 94 72 2 - | 68 84 34 2 2 15 4 95 22 73 58 . - ! j 1 1 ' 156 80 76 18 17 13 21 I ! 76 : 34 42 16 4 12 9 _ - i - i - - - _ _ _ - . _ - _ . _ - - " - _ _ ! - - _ - - - - | - ' 24 20 4 12 10 2 18 2 16 15 • 2 1 _ 1 3 1 1 l _ - - - - - - - - 2 1 - - 7 1 3 - - 1 - 1 - 1 _ _ . * . 7 ' 6 1 5 5 2 3 - - - - - - - - - - " “ - _ _ _ _ . . _ . - - - - - - - “ - _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - ' 1 1 1 _ - t~ - - _ - . - _ - _ - _ - - - - _ - _ _ _ . r ! j ! i________1;________1 _ 7 Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Newark-Jersey City, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average o o S 8 $ !Is % 8 $ S $ 8 $ $ s i8 $ c— |$ S S s * 1$ Weekly Weekly 3 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 . 00 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 5 .0 0 : 70. 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 0 0 ! i 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00! 110.00111 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 125 .00 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .00 hours earnings and (Standard) (Standard) u n d e r an d i 3 5 . 00 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 70. OOl 7 5 .0 0 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 L100.00 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 . 0 o l l l 5 . o d l 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 30 .00 1 3 5 .0 0 o v e r 03 Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers Women - Continued S e cre ta rie s -----------------------------M anufacturing--------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------Public utilities * -----------W holesale t r a d e -----------Retail trade 2 ----------------Finance * * ---------------------- 3 ,3 5 2 2 ,0 8 2 1 ,2 70 208 147 77 548 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 3 7. 5 36. 5 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 Stenographers, general -------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------Public utilities * ----------------------------Wholesale trade ----------------------------Retail trade 2 ----------------------------------Finance **---------------------------------------- 2 ,6 7 6 1 ,4 3 6 1 ,2 4 0 305 218 57 493 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 3 6 .0 3 8 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .0 6 1 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 5 9 . 50 6 1 .0 0 6 1 .5 0 5 7 .0 0 5 5. 50 Stenographers, technical ----------------M anufacturing------------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------------ 237 96 141 3 9 .0 38. 5 3 9 .0 6 6 .0 0 6 1 .0 0 6 9 .0 0 - - Switchboard o p e r a t o r s ---------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------------Public utilities * ---------------------Retail trade 2 --------------------------Finance * * -------------------------------- 572 2TTT 362 60 66 141 3 8. 5 38. 5 38. 5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 36. 5 5 9 . 50 6 4 . 00 5 7 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 5 6 .0 0 3 3 - 9 9 _ 8 Switchboard o p e ra to r-re ce p tio n ists -------M anu factu ring---- -------------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------------------Public utilities * ----------------------------W holesale tr a d e -----------------------------Finance * * -------------------------------------- 818 4 58 360 39 129 73 38. 5 38. 5 38. 5 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .0 5 7 .5 0 "57750 5 8 .0 0 5 4 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 _ Tabulating-machine operators — M anufacturing------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------- 445 1 S3 262 37. 5 3 9 .0 36. 5 6 3 .5 0 6 8 . 00 6 0 .0 0 Transcribing-m achine operators, general -------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------Finane e * * --------------------------- 419 1 *74 245 168 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 38. 5 37. 5 5 6 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 5 4 .5 0 5 3 .0 0 Typists, class A ------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------Finance**----------------------------- 1, 148 734 414 2 50 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .0 Typists, class B ------Manufacturing ------Nonmanufacturing Public utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade 2 — Finance * * -------- 2 ,9 2 2 1, 111 1 ,8 1 1 2 69 2 53 64 1 ,0 4 9 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 3 6 .0 3 9 .0 3 8 .5 3 7 .0 - 1 1 1 - 39 5 34 6 3 22 60 17 43 7 11 8 174 113 61 2 12 8 30 3 64 ji 514 2 17 329 185 147 18 11 12 36 6 10 80 86 5 5 5 - 4 4 1 . 3 16 1 15 4 _ 11 257 93 164 48 9 2 105 434 232 202 38 31 8 118 531 2 33 298 72 73 20 102 4 32 218 214 42 47 10 73 450 271 179 21 24 10 76 - _ - - 17 8 9 41 33 8 59 33 26 61 - 1 . 1 41 2 39 21 2 59 18 41 > 14 16 84 4 80 3 9 41 81 26 55 9 10 35 104 64 40 7 6 23 - 28 14 14 _ - - - - 78 49 29 8 _ 1 194 123 71 11 18 14 195 101 94 12 32 18 151 73 78 7 40 19 83 40 43 _ 12 21 _ - - - “ - - 39 3 36 73 12 61 82 32 50 24 3 21 133 72 61 27 14 13 12 66 47 95 29 66 43 73 46 27 22 52 36 16 15 47 40 25 3 12 4 8 - 4 4 4 82 - - - 5 8 .5 0 '5 9 .5 0 5 6 .5 0 5 4 .0 0 - . - 23 4 19 9 137 80 57 38 236 312 238 74 49 227 143 84 49 118 74 44 11 48 39 9 1 39 35 4 5 1 .0 0 "53760 4 9 . 50 5 4 .0 0 5 4 . 50 4 7 .5 0 4 7 .0 0 12’ 12 4 44 77 367 10 48 13 293 838 "3 6 5 538 69 40 758 326 432 73 75 26 227 491 139 2 52 74 24 208 122 86 32 22 47 24 23 5 16 27 22 5 1 2 - - - - _ 65 65 _ _ 5 5 7 59 16 7 363 116 120 93 ' 5 17 554 3 W 1' TT8 166 199 12 36 32 22 3 13 88 88 270 3 94 227 167 39 9 7 6. 292 TOO-1 h 92 18 8 10 39 I t 24 ■$ ■ 69 34 15 1 5 167 116 51 38 7 1 - 45 11 1 10 19 3 16 23 102 42 60 36 1 7 42 30 12 5 4 2 27 17 10 _ _ 3 57 35 22 1 18 - 23 14 9 _ 16 1 4 2 - 85 15 " r 57 i 32“ ! 25 15 4 _ 2 1 1 _ _ i - ! _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ - _ . * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 34 i 13 11 4 1 _ _ - 23 6 6 _ 15 1 5 _ - - - - 25 2 2 1 1 . - - - 14 5 9 _ . 4 6 2 4 1 _ - . _ - _ . - . - - “ - 9 - 5 5 . _ 3 3 _ _ . - _ _ - - - 48 25 29 1 T i 4 19 14 6 8 2 2 - 2 2 2 2 - 2 2 - 21 ' ?3 63 30 11 2 3 5 7 6 1 1 _ ZUl j! 175 i rs 57 10 7 1 26 18 2 2 ' ‘ _ - - 32 9 23 12 _ 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ - - 2 2 1 1 - 2 2 26 ------- 5-1 21 6 _ _ 10 > _ 20 14 6 1 2 _ 3 - 3 _ . _ _ _ 1 - - - . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ - - _ _ | ^ ! - - - _ _ _ _ > _ _ _ . _ i - - | . _ . _ . . > . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - - _ _ . _ _ - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ - > - _ . _ _ . _ - - - “ - - _ - . _ _ . _ - . _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - . _ _ _ . _ _ - - _ _ - - _ . - i - - - - - - - - 28 1 27 5 22 - 4 - _ _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - 4 - _ - _ _ _ - . - _ - - - - 4 - - _ - - - - - . _ _ - - - - 2 _ - " i - _ _ ■ j 2 !------- ; — _ _ . - - 1 n - - 2 i " I . . 5 3 r 2 1 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores. i ! ! $ 7 5. 50 7 5 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 2 . 50 7 3 .0 0 6 8 .5 0 7 3 .0 0 - - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - . - 8 Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F - Avskaqx Number S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , an d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n of workers Weekly hours (Standard) Weekly earnings (Standard) $ s U n d e r 5 5. 00 6 0 . 0 0 an d u n d e r I s . 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 0 0 S $ s $ 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 0 0 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 * t S $ S * $ S S S 1 $ » * 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .00 1 0 5 .00 11 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 155. 00 an d 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 0 0 100 .00 105 .00 1 1 0 .00 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 over M en D r a ft s m e n , l e a d e r __ M a n u fa c tu r in g _ ___ _ __________ . 193 125 39. 5 3$. 0 $ 129. 50 123. 50 D r a ft s m e n , s e n i o r __ ______ __________ M a n u f a c t u r in g _______ _______________ __ N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -----------— _____________ 851 3 9 . 0 1 0 0 .0 0 6V F ~ " 39 "5 “ 9 9 7 W 3 8 . 5 1 0 3 .0 0 189 D r a ft s m e n , j u n i o r --------------- ------------ ----M a n u f a c t u r in g -----------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g _______________________ 556 46 3 93 39. 5 39. 8 39. 0 T r a c e r s . __ . . __ _____ _________ ______ M a n u f a c t u r in g ___________________________ 69 69 315 269 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ . _ _ 3 3 72 3 77 50 27 106 89 17 81 73 8 2 2 7 7 6 6 54 54 5 5 11 5 15 8 7 2 19 3 31 7 2 2 3 2 28 ±19 77 150 —O 3 17 75 61 14 58 24 34 33 19 14 18 13 5 14 8 6 28 14 14 13 9 4 11 11 - 20 20 - - - 17 1 16 - - - - - - - - - - - ' - 2 i i 7 5 2 9 7 2 71. 50 70. §0 78. 50 15 11 4 26 22 4 106 96 10 151 137 14 60 48 12 93 72 21 56 51 5 15 14 1 4 4 " - 9 3 6 - - - - - - - 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 5 8 .0 0 5 8. 00 5 5 47 47 14 14 3 3 _ . _ _ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - * * " - " “ _ " “ ” " " ■ 39. 0 39. 5 7 4 . 50 74. 50 1 1 9 5 38 35 41 38 27 22 30 25 1 2 2 - - - - - - - - - — w ~ ■ — W 21 4 4 - W om en N u r s e s , i n d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) __________ M a n u f a c t u r in g ___ ________________________ “ 68 59“ 64 52 25 21 9 8 1 - 1 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. * W orkers were distributed as follows: 17 at $155 to $165; 2 at $170 to $185. Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , D ecem ber 1955 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 9 Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s on a n a r e a b a s i s in N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y , N . J. , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1 95 5) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ - _______________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g - _____________________ P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ____________________ Number of workers 76 4 636~~ 128 50 Average hourly earnings $ 2 .4 3 2 .3 9 2 .6 4 2 .4 9 1 ,2 9 3 1, 130 163 2 .5 1 2 .4 8 2 .7 7 E n g i n e e r s , s t a t io n a r y — _________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________ _______________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g __ __ __ _ 763 4 66 297 2 .5 2 2. 54 2 .4 8 F i r e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r ______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ---------------------------------P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ____________________ 718 553 165 26 H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ------------------------------ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________ $ $ $ s $ S $ S $ $ $ s $ $ * s s S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ U nder 1. 10 1 .2 0 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2 . 30 2 . 4 0 2 . 50 2 . 60 2 . 70 2 . 8 0 2 . 9 0 3 . 00 3 . 10 3 .2 0 3 . 30 3 .4 0 3 . 5 0 and $ an d 1. 10 u n d e r 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1. 60 r _L-7Q. ...i«J.o 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0 i o 2 . 2 0 2 . 30 2. 40 2 . 50 2 . 6 0 2 . 7 0 2 . 80 2 . 90 3 . 00 3. 10 3 . 20 3 . 30 3 .4 0 3. 50 o v e r - - _ - - - - _ - - - 7 7 - 1 1 - 34 34 - 63 61 2 - 43 41 2 1 47 46 1 1 79 69 10 6 80 67 13 6 67 60 7 3 78 49 29 25 85 77 8 8 57 43 14 86 86 - 1 1 10 1 9 17 1 16 3 3 _ - - _ - 2 2 9 9 13 13 - - 74 70 4 170 162 8 170 153 17 119 108 11 270 258 12 124 79 45 35 30 5 89 88 1 1 22 1 21 7 7 - 61 60 1 1 - 27 24 3 - - 29 27 2 - 7 17 - 3 3 c 4 3 - - - - - - - - - 3 3 5 - 7 7 4 3 17 82 64 18 38 31 7 41 32 9 28 21 7 58 51 7 56 35 21 76 36 40 45 33 12 39 37 2 136 40 96 12 12 - 11 8 3 19 9 10 2 .0 2 2 .0 4 1 .9 5 2 .0 7 12 12 - 14 14 45 42 3 28 l6 12 - 6 6 17 17 - 35 30 5 5 - “ 36 24 12 8 _ - - 101 82 19 1 50 36 14 - 57 45 12 4 37 33 4 - 69 6o 9 8 28 28 - - 28 14 14 “ 88 85 3 - 25 16 9 " 1 ,2 6 8 1 ,0 4 8 220 153 1 .9 3 1 .9 5 1 .8 7 1 .7 9 5 5 - _ - _ . - 6 2 4 - 25 8 17 13 98 85 13 9 156 145 11 9 103 75 28 26 286 199 87 87 84 80 4 - 36 31 5 1 99 78 21 8 353 336 17 1 1 - 13 13 _ - . - _ - 2 2 1 1 M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m ------M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ 666 666 2 .3 7 2 .3 7 . _ _ _ - _ - - - - - 2 2 - - 6 6 3 3 20 20 67 67 152 152 124 124 112 112 113 113 45 45 8 8 5 5 M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g — __ ____________ 1 ,5 4 6 1 ,4 6 6 80 2 .4 3 2 .4 3 2 . 60 _ - _ - - _ - 3 - _ - - _ - - - - - - - 3 - 71 71 - 75 75 - 43 41 2 112 100 12 194 188 6 192 192 - 297 294 3 223 223 - 145 114 31 32 31 1 M e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t iv e (m a in t e n a n c e ) — M a n u fa c t u r in g _ --------- --------- — ____ 2 .2 2 2 .4 2 2 . 16 2 .4 8 2 .2 8 - - - - 3 6 - - 3 6 22 18 4 25 1 24 37 14 23 328 26 302 285 13 27 2 W h o l e s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------- 1 ,0 9 0 233 857 80 62 20 3 57 26 31 5 14 84 33 51 30 13 70 12 58 11 4 30 12 18 1 4 50 12 38 33 4 M e c h a n i c s , m a in t e n a n c e _ __ _______ M a n u fa c t u r in g _ __ _____ __ ____ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------ __ ___ __ _ P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ---------------------------------- 2 ,2 9 6 2 ,0 8 5 211 82 2 . 38 2 .4 1 2 . 17 2 .2 9 _ _ _ _ 2 6 - - - - - - 2 6 8 2 6 - - - - - " 177 148 29 12 125 124 1 - 129 105 24 18 243 232 11 - 70 39 6 H 51 33 19 10 - - 286 27 2 14 4 395 389 6 1 451 430 21 18 126 107 19 19 M illw r ig h ts M a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________ 420 399 2 . 39 2 .3 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 13 13 25 25 23 23 19 19 48 48 51 50 50 47 108 107 67 67 O i l e r s ___ _ ____ ____ — __________ ______ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------- 349 333 2 . 01 1 .9 9 _ 18 15 28 28 54 54 70 74 74 21 21 2 2 10 10 9 9 _ _ _ - - * - P a i n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e --------_ ---------M a n u fa c t u r in g -------------------------------------- — N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ 580 416 164 2. 30 2. 31 2 .2 5 17 8 9 1 1 5 5 20 9 11 69 67 2 97 63 34 66 56 10 45 25 20 85 81 4 72 65 7 10 _ - 25 23 2 4 - 38 10 28 4 10 - - P i p e f i t t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g — __ ____ __ __ 1 ,0 2 2 950 72 2. 56 2 .5 4 2 .8 7 2 2 _ 17 17 38 38 86 86 113 113 - - - - 59 54 5 - - 185 162 23 - - 160 157 3 18 - 112 108 4 139 139 - 17 15 2 1 - 12 12 - 1 18 P l u m b e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________________ 52 2. 51 3 10 17 2 - 1 2 1 5 - 4 S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e _____ M a n u fa c t u r in g _ — __ — 168 158 2 .4 8 2 .4 7 7 . 2 - T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s ______________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g _ __ __ __ __ __ ___ 1 ,6 4 3 1 ,5 2 9 2 .5 3 2 . 53 N n n m a n n fa r t iir in g ... . , _ 7 _ _ _ - - - 7 7 _ - _ 9 - - - - 3 3 - - - 9 - _ _ _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - - _ 16 ~ W ~ - 16 42 42 - _ - _ - _ - 4 4 2 2 3 3 - 49 46 3 3 3 - 21 4 17 45 43 2 - - 17 12 5 11 11 - 23 1 22 40 40 1 1 4 57 53 4 8 2 - 4 3 5 5 - _ - 16 52 52 - > - _ - _ _ - _ - _ - .. - _ _ - _ _ 66 34 32 _ - _ - _ - - 41 41 - - _ - - _ - _ _ - 164 164 2 2 2 - 8 2 - - 2 - 1 12 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 40 31 _ - - - - - - 13 1 - - _ . . . _ _ . 1 _ - - - - - - - - 9 9 6 6 6 6 6 31 31 23 19 36 36 21 21 9 9 14 14 - _ _ - - - - - - 26 58 58 46 46 132 132 112 101 330 31 4 33 2 295 160 150 280 248 42 42 26 _ 5 5 _ - - 1 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. * Transportation (excluding ra ilroa ds), communication, and other public utilities. 1 1 - 6 _ 6 77 69 13 _ - _ 1 _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - 63 47 16 - - - 1 6 - - - . - 1 1 2 - 22 22 16 16 - - - - - - 10 10 _ - Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 1955 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 10 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is in N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1955) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— 34 7 31 7 187 $ 1 .3 8 1 .3 4 1 .5 2 98 96 67 1 .0 8 1 .0 7 1 04 G u a r d s _________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ F i n a n c e * * ----- ------------------------------------ 1 , 118 867 25 1 55 1 .8 4 1 .8 6 1 .8 0 1. 54 J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , an d c l e a n e r s (m e n ) ----- ------------------------------------ -------- — M a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________ P u b li c u t i li t ie s * ___ ________________ W h o le s a le t r a d e ____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e 3 __________________________ F in a n r p 4 ,4 2 3 2 ,8 6 1 1 ,5 6 2 42 3 100 246 379 J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ( w o m e n ) _____ __ ___________________________ M a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________ _____ P Atail traHp ^ F in a tirp &$ S s $ $ $ $ * $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S U n d er 0 . 70 0 . 8 0 0 . 90 1 .0 0 1 . 10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 and $ D. 70 u n d e r .8 0 . 90 1 .0 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 . 7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0 t 2 . 30 * 2 .4 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 $ $ * S $ 2 . 70 2 . 8 0 2 .9 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 10 *2 . 60 o Average hourly earnings o O c c u p a t io n an d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers 2 . 70 2 .8 0 2 . 90 3 .0 0 3 . 10 and over 21 21 54 54 - 3 3 3 10 8 3 13 11 7 8 8 7 2 - 25 25 20 76 76 76 88 87 71 - 40 20 3 3 3 - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 3 3 13 13 5 14 14 14 9 9 9 14 14 13 8 8 5 23 23 7. 1 2 2 8 8 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36 24 12 65 58 7 1 1 - - - - - _ - _ - - 214 20 4 10 2 67 44 23 - 127 117 10 6 36 36 - - 146 113 33 22 92 89 3 - 38 32 6 6 227 111 116 " 31 14 17 8 23 20 3 “ 15 5 10 10 1 .6 0 1 .6 6 1 .4 9 1. 71 1 .5 4 1 .2 8 1 .4 6 12 _ 12 _ - 31 _ 31 _ _ 26 _ 26 9 115 45 70 _ 171 85 86 _ _ 430 242 188 24 14 52 76 444 21 7 22 7 76 16 9 102 992 838 154 85 6 3 37 555 432 123 55 6 1 4 505 356 149 130 5 6 8 69 56 13 4 _ 9 98 74 24 12 8 4 150 150 _ _ 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 1 - _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 10 383 180 203 10 10 47 85 116 44 72 2 10 39 7 280 122 158 16 31 23 37 16 7 9 7 2 9 28 13 15 _ 11 1 ,2 3 4 418 816 77 493 1 .2 9 1 .4 5 1 .2 1 1 .0 8 1 .2 1 22 22 11 _ 11 10 7 _ 7 7 3 _ 3 110 44 66 14 13 146 9 137 10 94 374 11 363 36 30 9 229 100 129 99 45 54 125 109 16 38 38 - 63 57 6 3 3 - 3 1 2 1 1 - - - - - - _ _ . _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l i n g ______________ M a n u f a c t u r in g ______________ _____________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________ PnK H r ntilitiP R ♦ W h o le s a le t r a d e ______________________ R e ta il tra d e 3 _____ ________________ 8 ,8 4 0 5 ,4 9 2 3 ,3 4 8 1 ,5 0 1 1, 165 577 1 .9 2 1 .9 3 1 .9 2 2 .0 2 1 .9 2 1 .6 7 50 _ 50 53 53 59 39 20 198 113 85 100 79 21 730 680 50 404 341 63 558 1,812 1,280 373 24 3 738 185 1,074 1 ,037 20 82 4 548 100 140 31 7 57 70 204 699 249 450 50 351 29 90 86 4 72 72 - 69 69 - 68 59 9 132 132 - 642 642 - _ _ _ - 26 26 - _ 4 _ 94 30 64 55 9 ■ _ 9 _ _ _ _ _ ” " - " O rd e r fille r s _____ _________ ___________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------ __ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________ W h o le s a le t r a d e ____________________ R e ta il tra d e 3 _____ ______________ 1 ,8 4 5 731 1, 114 51 8 515 1 .8 8 1 .8 1 1 .9 2 1 .8 4 2 .0 2 6 6 - 22 2 20 20 - 7 7 - 1 1 - . _ - - - - - - P a c k e r s , s h ip p in g ( m e n ) ____________________ M a n u f a c t u r in g ______________________ ___ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________ „ W h o le s a le tr a d e ______________________ 1 ,8 2 6 1 ,5 2 2 304 256 1. 71 1. U 1 .5 4 1 .5 8 14 14 - 14 l4 11 11 10 10 - - 2 2 - - - - _ “ ■ E l e v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r ( m e n ) -----N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------ E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r ( w o m e n ) _______________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------ P a c k e r s , s h ip p in g ( w o m e n ) ------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------------ 539 365 1 .3 1 1 .3 2 39 _ 39 _ _ _ _ _ - " 39 50 16 27 12 8 64 21 _ 21 48 2 27 14 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 - 78 30 48 48 - - - - - 28 19 9 4 4 77 35 42 36 6 49 18 31 27 - 18 10 8 3 - _ _ _ _ _ - 29 10 19 - - 7 " - " 87 79 107 76 S e e fo o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e . * T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . * * F i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 1 76 _ - 85 ~ T T 33 T 8~ 4 5 - - 20 14 7 3 186 "T O P 64 64 12 9 - 205 203 2 - 139 26 - 248 lT 5 " 133 132 83 83 970 695 65 4 ~ 8 5 T 41 103 2 2 63 9 18 13 84 68" 16 9 2 197 177 20 1 24 4 111 133 130 - 191 83 108 22 86 584 85 499 152 30 5 22 7 60 167 70 97 24 13 11 11 87 77' 10 270 26 7 3 227 n r 48 48 98 98 31 31 8 8 - - - 14 14 . 7 7 ■ - " 22 7 211 16 12 30 30 11 9 15 15 - ■ 5 1 1 _ _ - - 30 “ _ - — W 11 — - r r _ - Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1955 U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics n Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s 2 s t u d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s i s in N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1 955) NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division Number of workers S $ $ S S $ $ $ s $ $ S Average hourly Under 0. 70 0.80 0.90 1 . 0 0 1 . 1 0 1 . 2 0 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 earnings $ and 0. 70 under 1 . 10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1 . 9 0 1 .00 __ lM $ 7 1 27 22 26 48 43 118 1.91 27 12 18 3 l 116 1.89 39 _ 7 1 0 1 8 7 2 1.99 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2.40 1 1 1.82 1 6 4 1 5 6 1 ' - R eceiving clerks _____________________ Manufacturing -------------------------- ------Nonmanufacturing __ ----------------------Public utilities * __________________ Retail trade 3 ____ ______________ 533 413 Shipping clerks __________________________ M anufacturing__________________ ____ 444 386“ Shipping and receiving clerks _________________________ _______ M anufacturing_______________________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------Wholesale trade __________________ 498 290 208 64 T ru ck d riv ers 4 — _________________ ___ Manufacturing 5 ___________ _________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Public utilities * __________________ Wholesale trade _________ _______ 6,650 2,446 4,204 1,711 1,448 T ru ckd rivers, medium (IV 2 to and including 4 to n s )______ _______________________ Manufacturing 6 ____________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ Public utilities Wholesale trade ________________ 2, 744 1,369 1,375 574 648 T ru ckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type) _ ___ .... Manufacturing 6 ___________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ Public u tilities* . W holesale trade ________________ 2,006 390 1,616 1,092 250 2. 53 2. 94 2.43 2.41 2. 56 T ru ckd rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type) _________________________ Manufacturing ___________________ _ Nonm anufacturing__________________ Wholesale tra d e______________ _ 549 137 412 347 2. 17 2. 17 2. 17 2 .19 . ~ T ru ckers, power (forklift) -------------------------------------------------M anufacturing-------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing_____ _ _ _ .... Public utilities * WIihIpsa Ip traHp Retail trade 3 _______________ 1, 775 1,264 511 294 94 123 2 .02 _ 1.99 2.08 _ 120 40 52 27 27 15 14 67 67 55 54 21 29 17 41 12 29 24 _ 24 12 8 - - - - - - - 1.91 .91 1.91 1.87 _ - ' - - _ - 3 _ 3 - _ - _ - 2.42 2. 76 2.23 2. 33 2.25 _ _ ' _ * _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ 58 35 23 - 7 _ 7 _ - 5 _ 5 _ - _ - 2 12 - - _ - _ _ - _ 20 - ' - - - - - - 1 2. 50 2.88 2 . 12 21 _ - 1 4 12 2 .00 2.10 2.20 36 17 19 60 46 14 55 49 . _ _ _ - _ _ - - - * - _ _ _ - 14 5 9 9 72 67 17 16 22 20 22 20 91 129 99 30 15 90 29 34 26 - 8 1 7 > 7 1 25 18 7 " 4 1 73 440 71 369 31 333 889 118 771 408 363 394 32 362 24 333 677 68 23 15 43 40 3 - - _ _ _ _ _ 6 _ - _ 6 _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ 46 43 3 9 12 12 - 62 11 8 2 24 2 2 20 2 _ 61 3 3 _ 66 611 406 205 _ 26 - 15 - - - - 10 2 1 10 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - “ 811 807 4 4 - 1 390 215 175 90 30 725 1,539 650 71 75 1,468 1 1 1,107 55 58 108 95 13 13 - 481 2 10 2 10 2 155 155 _ _ 463 3 _ 3 3 - 38 28 475 - - - 238 106" 132 74 4 322 305 17 34 34 15 19 108 95 13 13 36 36 3 3 2 1 - 10 3 3 - 12 3 10 2 2 81 1,427 55 29 26 L,3 98 . _ - 184 5 179 _ 179 _ - 11 9 - 26 36 12 11 _ 24 3 3 - 15 7 - 157 18 139 139 64 40 24 24 71 39 32 32 36 36 ■ - 80 80 80 * 83 83 - 287 286 245 190 55 149 149 - 52 48 4 15 15 - _ - - 18 18 - 42 13 - 301 130 171 124 18 29 135 71 64 1 332 119 213 170 31 12 _ 1 64 4 - - - - - 1 1 7 631 627 4 4 - 1 3 - _ > » - - 8 _ _ _ _ _ - 6 1 _ _ _ 5 5 4 - 10 _ _ _ 5 10 6 76 3 3 _ ' _ _ _ _ - 25 25 _ 12 10 4 _ 4 4 - 3 _ 3 3 1 9 21 20 5 _ 5 5 " 70 54 2.09 1•95 2. 13 24 60 48 90 17 73 5 1 15 14 14 16 1 - 11 11 10 _ 4 - 34 _ 74 14 - 7 6 2 - - 2 19 18 1 - 60 17 15 5 1 3 6 S S $ $ $ $ S $ S 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3. 10 and 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 over 2.20 8 - 3 10 2 555 39 516 _ 60 . 6 154 40 114 3 2 13 116 31 85 3 63 41 32 9 23 $ 1 2.00 23 78 7 69 101 t 1.90 2.21 2.07 S e e fo o tn o te s at en d o f ta b le . * T r a n s p o r t a t i o n (e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . * * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . 5 5 1.99 1. 93 1 21 21 _ _ - _ _ - 140 76 140 » 76 . _ . _ - ~ _ - 94 94 - _ - . - . - - - - - 6 6 - - 12 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 234*679 studied on an area basis in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a tio n an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Average hourly earnings T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (o th e r t h a n f o r k l i f t ) __ _______________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ 242 230 $ 1 .8 2 1 . 79 W a tch m e n _______ _______________________________ M am i fa r h ir in g N o n m a r m f a c .t i ir in g .... ... . P iih lir u t ilit ie s * WVtrkl alia 1 ,2 4 5 777 468 179 93 1 .5 3 1. 57 1 .4 5 1. 57 1 .3 7 F i n a n c e * * _________________________________ 69 1 .4 9 $ * 0 .8 0 U n d e r 0 . 70 and $ under 0 . 70 .9 0 . 80 _ _ _ - - - 37 34 3 21 21 - - $ $ 0 . 90 1 .0 0 $ 1 .3 0 S $ $ $ $ $ 1. 70 l . 8 0 1 . 9 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 t 2 .0 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10 41 41 32 32 20 142 127 15 7 50 35 15 15 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 .2 0 S $ $ $ $ $ $ S 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 * 2 . 60 2 . 70 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 . 10 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 . 60 2 .8 0 2 . 90 3 .0 0 3 . 10 over 7 7 1 and 1 .0 0 _ 10 10 6 - $ $ 1 . 10 1 . 2 0 - 1 . 10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 30 30 38 38 21 12 21 12 88 136 53 35 3 4 100 207 54 12 176 140 36 5 4 54 24 30 6 4 22 19 2 - - - 6 - - - 6 56 63 27 36 6 103 42 61 35 6 29 27 6 1 2 i 1 .8 0 1 .4 0 12 36 4 24 3 1 53 11 8 1 . 90 20 10 4 6 2 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 20 18 10 4 2 2 57 55 33 32 2 1 1 1 2 _ 2 2 1 _ _ 2 . 70 - ” . - _ _ ' - " - - “ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 Excludes premium pay for overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores. Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. D rivers of m ore than 1 type of truck, form erly classified to the m ajor type of truck operated, average for truckdrivers. Data for individual types may therefore not be strictly com parable to the ea rlier studies. 3 Over a third of the workers (alm ost all those at $3 and over) were paid under bonus plans. 6 Alm ost half of the workers (almost all those at $3 and over) were paid under bonus plans. 7 W orkers were distributed as follow s: 45 at $3. 10 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 274 at $3.4 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 281 at $3. 70 to $4; 27 at $4 and over. * Over a fifth of the workers were paid under bonus plans. 9 W orkers were distributed as follows: 12 at $3. 70 to $4; 28 at $4 to $4. 30; 36 at $4. 30 and over. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1 2 3 4 are now included only in the general B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions 1 P ercen t o f m anufacturing plant w ork ers— (a) In establishm ents having form a l p ro v isio n s fo r— Shift differential Second shift work Total _ _ __ __ With shift pay d ifferential __ _ _ U niform cents (per hour) ____________________________ 4 cents ______________________________________ ______ 5 cents _____________________________________________ 6 or b ^ z cents ____________________________________ 7 cents _________________________________________ __ 8 cents ____________________________ *_______________ 9 or 9 V3 cents ____________________________________ 10 or 1 0 ^ 3 cents _________________ 11, 1 1 ^ 5 , or 11 Hz cents ______ 12 o r 12V2 cents ___________________________________ 14 cents _____________________________________ _____ 15 cents ___________________________________________ 16 o r 16V2 cents _______________ ________ ________ 17 or 17^10 cents _ _ _ 2 1 V2 o r 22y2 cents ________________________________ U niform percentage _ ___ _ _ 2 p ercent ___________________________________________ 5 p ercent ___________________________________________ 7 or p ercent _ ____ 8 p ercent __________________________________________ ’ 9 percen t __________________________________________ 10 p ercent _________________________________________ 12 p ercent _______________ ________________________ 13 percen t ___________________________________ ______ 15 p ercent _________________________________________ Other _________________________________________________ No shift pay d ifferential _________________________________ T hird or other shift w ork (b) A ctually working on— Second shift T hird or other shift 8 8.8 7 8 .6 14. 1 4. 1 88. 8 7 8.5 14. 1 4. 1 38.7 34.7 6 .2 3. 3 .7 10.7 3.7 _ .4 .7 1. 1 .9 14.4 1. 1 5 .2 1.2 4 .4 2 .0 2 .6 .6 .1 1.4 .5 .4 .3 .3 2 .0 .7 .3 .1 t _ . 1 .9 .2 .6 .2 .2 .2 .8 t 4 7 .3 40.6 7. 3 .5 .7 5 .2 3 .2 .9 37. 3 - .7 2 .4 .4 33.7 .9 1.0 1.6 .1 .8 .6 t 5.9 " t t .4 t t 2 .8 3. 1 .5 .3 - .2 - t 2.6 1. 1 1.5 11.8 3.5 2 .0 .4 - .6 - . 1 - 1 Shift d ifferential data are presented in te rm s of (a) establishm ent p o licy , and (b) w orkers actually em ployed on late shifts at the tim e of the survey. An establishm ent was con sid ered as having a p o licy if it met either of the follow ing co n d itions: ( l ) Operated late shifts at the tim e o f the survey, o r (2) had form a l p rov ision s cov erin g late shifts, t L ess than 0 .05 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, N ew a rk-J ersey C ity, N. J ., D ecem b er 1955 U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR -B ureau of L abor Statistics Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 N u m b e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m h i r i n g r a t e in — M a n u fa c t u r in g M in im u m r a t e (w e e k ly s a la r y ) E s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d __________________ A ll in d u s tr ie s 271 N u m b e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m h i r i n g r a t e in — N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g A ll B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 2 o f— A ll sch ed u le s A ll sch ed u le s 35 37 y2 3 8 3/4 40 141 XXX XXX XXX XXX 130 trie s 35 37 y2 XXX XXX 40 XXX 2 71 B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 2! o f — A ll sch ed u le s 141 $ 30. 00 $ 3 2 .5 0 $ 3 5 . 00 $ 3 7. 50 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 52. 50 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 5 7 .5 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 2 .5 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and XXX 37 y2 XXX A ll sch ed u le s 40 38y4 XXX XXX 130 35 37 y 2 XXX 40 XXX XXX a s p e c ifie d u n d e r $ 3 2 . 5 0 ________ _________ u n d e r $ 3 5 .0 0 u n d e r $ 3 7 . 5 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 4 0 . 0 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 4 2 . 5 0 ________ . u n d e r $ 4 5 . 00 _________ u n d e r $ 4 7 . 5 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 5 0 . 0 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 5 7 . 5 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 ___________ u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 ___________ o v e r ____________________ 1 57 93 8 16 7 5 1 2 8 48 13 28 13 18 7 6 4 2 1 _ _ _ 1 4 25 6 23 8 12 4 4 3 2 1 1 - _ - 2 1 3 1 - - 1 55 - 3 3 1 - - - - - XXX 29 36 49 20 XXX XXX XXX 64 28 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX 1 - 5 1 1 4 23 7 5 5 6 3 2 1 - 1 13 2 13 3 10 3 4 3 2 1 E s ta b lis h m e n t s w h ic h d id n ot e m p lo y w o r k e r s in t h is c a t e g o r y -------------------------------------------------------_________________________ 64 2 1 1 2 1 - 2 7 - E s ta b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c ifie d m i n i m u m ________________ _________________ D a ta n o t a v a ila b le 35 F O R O T H E R IN E X P E R IE N C E D C L E R IC A L W O R K E R S F O R IN E X P E R IE N C E D T Y P IS T S E s ta b lis h m e n t s h a v in g m in im u m N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g M a n u fa c t u r in g * XXX XXX 8 1 3 2 2 - 1 1 XX X 17 1 - 29 96 8 18 6 57 69 9 18 32 . - _ . _ _ - 2 8 - 2 - 1 1 - 1 - 2 3 1 - - 6 1 2 5 30 4 6 3 5 3 2 1 - 2 1 14 2 1 2 4 2 2 1 1 - 11 2 3 2 3 2 2 1 - - 1 6 1 5 9 58 12 28 13 12 6 6 3 3 1 2 XXX XXX 58 26 19 2 6 3 2 2 1 - 1 1 - 165 XXX XXX XXX 47 XXX XXX XXX 1 3 4 28 8 22 10 7 3 4 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 - - 14 4 13 5 6 2 4 2 3 1 1 1 1 - 5 2 1 - - - XXX XXX XXX XXX 32 XXX XXX XXX XXX 28 XXX XXX XXX XXX 4 1 2 - 2 10 1 2 1 1 - XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XX X XXX XXX 1 1 1 Lowest salary rate form ally established for hiring inexperienced w orkers for typing or other cle rica l jobs. 2 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the m ost com m on workweeks reported. Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , Decem ber 1955 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 1 5 Table B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours PERCENT OP OFFICE WORKERS12EMPLOYED IN— Weekly hours A ll workers ____________________________________ Under 35 hours ________________________________ 3 5 hours _____________________________________ 3 6 */4 h o u rs _____________________________________ Over 3 6 V 4 and under 3 l x! z hours _____________ 3 7 V 2 h o u rs _____________________________________ Over 3 7 V 2 and under 3 8 3/ 4 hours _______ ____ 3 8 3/4 h o u rs _____________________________________________ Over 383/4 and under 40 hours ____________________ 40 hours _______________________________________ Over 40 and under 45 h o u rs ____________________ 4 5 hours ________________ ____________________________ 47 hours _______________________________________________ 48 hours _____________ _______________________________ Over 4 8 h o u rs _________________________________________ All industries 100 2 Manufacturing 100 t t 16 4 3 28 3 7 4 5 14 8 17 - t 35 100 74 - 50 _ t t Wholesale trade 1 00 8 _ " - t 1 00 4 24 - t Retail trade 34 11 _ 23 _ 5 57 _ - t t _ t Public * utilities 22 3 67 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance * * 100 1 00 4 Manufacturing 100 t 17 5 3 62 7 - 5 t _ - - - " t Services All industries 6 8 t t 3 t 3 _ _ 78 - 3 t t _ 78 t 4 4 t 4 5 Public * utilities v 1 00 _ Wholesale trade 100 Retail trade 3 100 t _ _ _ _ T 3 3 _ _ _ _ - _ _ 99 95 _ > 67 T 22 _ - 3 _ _ _ - ” t t Services _ 3 Data relate to women workers only. Occupational Wage Survey, N ewark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 1955 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Excludes lim ited-price variety stores. Bureau of Labor Statistics 4 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. ■f L ess than 2 .5 percent. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1 2 3 1 6 Table B-4: Paid Holidays1 PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - Item All workers -------------- ----------------------- All industries ------ Workers in establishments providing paid holidays ---- -------------------------------------Less than 6 holidays _____________________ 6 holidays ________________________________ Full days on ly----------- ----------- :---------Plus 1 or m ore half days 5 ----------7 holidays ____________________ _________ Full days on ly------- ---------------- ----------Plus 1 or m ore half days 5 ---- __ ------8 holidays _______ __ ----------- ---------------Full days only _________________________ Plus 1 o r m ore half days 5 --------------------9 holidays ----------- — ------- — ---------------Full days on ly ----------- ----------------------Plus 1 half day .......................................... 1 0 holidays „ ____ __ __________________ Full days on ly __________________________ Plus l half day ______ ____ — __ ---1 1 holid a ys__________ — _______ _______ Full days on ly ---------------- ---------------Plus 1 o r m ore half days 5 -----------------1 2 h olid ays____ _____________ _________ Full days on ly--------------------- ---------------Plus 1 half day ------ — „ ----------Workers in establishments providing no paid holidays __ ____ ____ ____ ____ 100 99 t 6 4 t 26 22 2 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 100 t 9 5 4 42 37 4 6 16 31 26 5 13 3 11 11 t t t t 6 5 t 33 31 t t Public utilities * Wholesale trade 8 8 t t t t 5 3 t t t * t t t t t t t 49 49 5 5 41 41 - ~ 12 8 4 25 16 8 t t 16 16 7 Retail trade 1*34 100 97 t 7 7 57 55 t t t 4 4 - 6 - t 28 15 13 22 22 - - " 3 16 16 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance ** Services All 4 industries Manufacturing Public . utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 t 15 99 t 17 96 28 93 5 11 12 22 4 42 35 7 5 42 36 20 26 16 20 9 t 73 47 26 t t . 3 3 - 6 4 t t t - 92 84 8 ~ 5 6 99 t t t 19 19 _ - 8 6 22 7 t t f - 5 t t t 5 4. t 22 6 5 t 4 4 - t 6 - 100 10 6 15 1 0 ' 5 15 15 - ' 6 - 6 - - 17 17 36 36 - - - - t 4 7 - t 25 25 - 9 9 Services 1 Estimates relate to full-day holidays provided annually, as in ea rlier studies. These are further divided between workers who receive m erely the indicated number of full-day holidays, those who receive 1 o r m ore half holidays in addition. Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Occupational Wage Survey, N ewark-Jersey City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1955 3 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores. U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR 4 Includes data for services and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Bureau o f Labor Statistics 5 All or preddminantly all workers received 1 or 2 half days, t Less than 2 .5 percent. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. * * Finance, insurance, and real estate. and Table B-5 Paid Vacations PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Vacation p olicy A ll w orkers All . industries1 ----------------------------------------------------- Manufacturing Public utilities * Wholesale trade 100 100 Retail trade2 100 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— All industries 3 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 Finance ** Services Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 4 100 100 100 100 99 99 100 100 100 100 92 90 100 100 98 t t - - 8 - - 6 - - t t ■ “ * ■ " _ 7 _ _ 9 t METHOD OF PAYMENT W orkers in establishments providing paid vacations ------------------------------------------------------Length-of-tim e payment ---------------------------Percentage payment --------------------------- -------Flat-sum payment -------------------------------------W orkers in establishments providing no paid vacations ------------------------------------------------------- " e - r T t ■ AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY A fter 1 year of service Under 1 week — -----------------------------------------------1 week ------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks -----------------------------3 weeks ------------------------------------------------------------ t t t t 90 _ t t - 3 3 94 - 92 99 10 _ 88 t 32 60 9 - . 100 - _ 35 64 _ t t 67 4 25 t 77 5 15 - t t 63 13 3 33 34 31 18 - 10 66 83 86 8 - - 20 t t 27 65 8 “ After 2 years of service 1 week ------------------------------------------------------- ----Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------2 weeks --------- --------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------- ----------------------3 weeks ------------------------------------------------------------- t t 95 t t _ - 100 - t - 4 _ 94 t 5 87 9 - _ 100 - 30 26 41 t - t t _ 15 . 22 19 29 51 - 13 3 6 t 6 - A fter 3 years of service 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------weeks -----------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------3 weeks --------------------------------------- ■-------------------- 2 t t t t 96 96 t t _ _ . 100 _ t - 4 - 95 t t . 90 9 - 100 60 t - - t t _ _ 63 3 84 22 47 42 15 11 . - 84 13 3 - t - 99 92 t 8 - " A fter 5 years of service Under 2 weeks ------------------------------------------------weeks -----------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------3 weeks ------------------------------------------------------------ 2 t t 79 14 7 93 t 6 _ 98 _ t See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. _ 93 t 6 4 86 6 5 7 6 _ 76 66 t 8 23 15 18 Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 195^ U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics NOTE: In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of s e rv ice , payments other than "length of tim e, " such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. _ _ 79 13 1 8 Table B-5: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Vacation policy All workers ---------------------------------------- Wholesale trade PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— AU , industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities * 100 100 100 100 100 100 69 6 25 90 54 10 70 T 26 26 46 29 - - Retail trade 23 Finance * * Services AU industries J Manufacturing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade2 100 100 100 100 100 t 66 11 20 t t t 68 13 17 62 13 25 53 7 40 65 t 20 t 73 t 16 t 78 7 13 80 10 t 88 40 3 3 - t 12 t 19 t 72 6 t 15 t 79 4 7 13 78 t 10 t 88 t 21 31 t 18 t 62 16 t 14 t 69 15 7 13 62 18 8 t 81 10 AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY - Continued After 10 years of service Under 2 weeks ---------------------2 weeks --------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks — 3 weeks --------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s ----4 weeks and o v e r ------------------ t 58 16 25 t t - - - 37 9 - 3 t - _ _ 27 8 t After 15 years of service Under 2 w e e k s ----------------------------2 weeks -------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ---------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 weeks ---------4 weeks and o v e r ------------------------ t 15 4 78 T t 14 t 83 6 - 94 3 14 t 82 48 40 12 14 70 3 12 - 14 t 82 3 48 8 17 35 44 48 11 t 65 22 48 8 - 48 - After 20 years of service Under 2 weeks ---------------2 weeks -------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks 3 w e e k s---------------------------4 weeks and o v e r ------------ t 13 t 69 17 13 t 82 4 t 12 t 56 31 13 t 69 18 6 - 91 t - - 48 - After 25 years of service Under 2 w e e k s -----------------------2 weeks ---------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ----3 w e e k s----------------------------------4 weeks and o v e r ------------------- 6 85 9 _ 11 41 - 29 63 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores. 3 Includes data for real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. * Approxim ately 1 percent were in establishments that did not provide vacations until after 3 years of service, t Less than 2. 5 percent. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 48 - 17 34 Services 1 9 Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Type of plan A ll workers ____ ____ ____ All . industries ______________ 100 Manufacturing Public . utilities * 100 100 Wholesale trade 100 Retail trade1 23 4 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance** 100 100 Services All 3 industries Manufacturing 100 100 100 Public . utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade2 100 100 Services _ W orkers in establishments providing: Life insurance ________________ ___________ A ccidental death and dism em berm ent insurance ------------------------------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both 5 ____ __ ____ ____ Sickness and accident in s u ra n ce __ __ Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) _ __________ ____ __ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period) __ . --- -------- -------------------Hospitalization insurance _ __ — ----Surgical in su ra n ce _____ ___ _____ _ ____ Medical insurance ________________________ Catastrophe in su ra n ce ____________________ Retirem ent p en sion ______________ _______ No health, insurance, or pension p la n ___ 4 93 95 4 95 97 80 92 92 94 498 96 74 35 47 4 5 483 4 29 18 47 50 428 465 4 22 83 41 90 96 4 5 75 54 76 51 4 69 17 75 59 77 66 88 419 66 4 62 53 66 48 54 53 46 54 41 4 62 15 11 32 18 35 13 75 73 53 6 83 t 413 82 81 54 3 81 449 16 16 12 3 85 81 66 10 59 9 89 80 64 19 4 55 t 82 79 65 12 92 15 82 81 55 5 70 t 14 87 86 59 4 74 t 42 48 48 32 7 84 78 62 8 53 14 79 70 55 14 59 5 t - 94 t - 85 1 Includes data for s erv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores. 3 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 Not com parable with results in ea rlier surveys due to changes in classification of provisions. 5 Unduplicated total of w orkers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below, f L ess than 2. 5 percent. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, N ewark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 1955 ' U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix: Job Descriptions 21 The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations worker is who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau1s job descriptions may differ signifi cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau1s field representatives are instructed to exclude work ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. Of f i ce BILLER, MACHINE Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in cidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Biller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers1 purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records' relating to one phase of an establish ment^ business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or ac counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func tional basis among several workers. 22 CLERK, FILE C lass A - R esp on sible for maintaining an establish ed filing system . C la s sifie s and indexes corresp on d en ce or other m aterial; m ay a lso file this m a terial. May keep r e c o rd s o f variou s types in conjunction with file s or supervise others in filing and locating m aterial in the file s . May p e rfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties. C lass B - P e r fo r m s routine filin g, usually of m a terial that has already been cla ss ifie d , or loca tes or a ssists in locating m a teria l in the f ile s . May p e rfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties. CLERK, ORDER R e ce iv e s cu stom ers* o rd e rs for m aterial or m erch an dise by m ail, phone, or p erson ally . Duties involve any com bination o f the follow in g: Quoting p r ic e s to cu stom ers; making out an o rd e r sheet listing the item s to make up the o rd e r ; checking p rice s and quantities of item s on ord er sheet; distributing ord er sheets to re sp e ctiv e d e partments to be fille d . May check with cred it departm ent to d e te r mine cred it rating of cu stom er, acknowledge re ce ip t o f o rd e r s from cu stom ers, follow up o rd e r s to see that they have been fille d , keep file o f o rd e r s re ce iv e d , and ch eck shipping in v oices with origin al ord ers. CLERK, PA Y R O L L KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general su pervision and with no su p e rv iso ry r e s p o n s i b ilitie s , re c o r d s accounting and statistical data on tabulating ca rd s by punching a serie s o f holes in the ca rd s in a sp e cifie d sequ en ce, using an alphabetical or a n u m erica l key-punch m achine, follow ing written inform ation on r e c o r d s . May duplicate ca rd s by using the duplicating device attached to m ach ine. Keeps file s o f punch ca rd s . May v erify own w ork or w ork o f o th e rs . OFFICE BOY OR GIRL P e r fo r m s various routine duties such as running erran d s, operating m inor o ffice m achines such as s e a le rs o r m a ile rs , opening and distributing m ail, and other m in or c le r ic a l w ork. SECRETARY P e r fo r m s s e cre ta ria l and c le r ic a l duties fo r a su perior in an adm inistrative or executive p osition . Duties include making appoint m ents for su perior; receiv in g people com ing into o ffic e ; answ ering and making phone ca lls; handling p erson a l and im portant o r c o n fi dential m ail, and writing routine co rre sp o n d e n ce on own initiative; taking dictation (where tran scrib in g m achine is not used) either in shorthand o r by stenotype o r sim ila r m ach ine, and tra n scrib in g d icta tion or the re co rd e d inform ation rep rod u ced on a tra n scrib in g m ach ine. May prepare special rep orts o r m em oranda for inform ation o f su p e rio r. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Com putes w ages of com pany em p loyees and enters the n e c e s sary data on the p ayroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers* earnings based on tim e or production r e c o r d s ; posting calcu lated data on p ayroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w orker*s nam e, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total w ages due. May make out paych ecks and a s s is t paym aster in making up and d is tributing pay en velopes. May use a calculating m achine. P r im a ry duty is to take dictation fr o m one o r m o re p e rso n s, either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ila r m ach ine, involving a n orm al routine vocabulary, and to tr a n s crib e this dictation on a ty p e w r ite r . May a lso type fro m w ritten co p y . May a lso set up and keep file s in o rd e r, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc. D oes not include tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e w ork (se e tra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to r). COMPTOM ETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL P r im a r y duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p e rfo rm m athe m atical com putations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type o f cle rk , which m ay involve frequent use o f a C om ptom eter but, in which, use o f this m achine is incidental to perform an ce of other duties. P rim a ry duty is to take dictation fro m one or m ore p e rso n s, either in shorthand or by stenotype o r sim ila r m ach ine, involving a v a ried techn ical or sp ecia lized v oca b u la ry such as in legal b rie fs or re p o rts on scien tific r e s e a rc h and to tra n scrib e this dictation on a typ ew riter. May also type fro m w ritten co p y . May a lso set up and keep file s in ord er, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc . Does not include tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e w ork. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under gen eral su pervision and with no su p ervisory re s p o n sib ilitie s, rep rod u ces m ultiple cop ies o f typewritten o r handwritten m atter, using a m im eograph or ditto m achine. Makes n e ce s s a r y a d justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylin der speed. Is not req u ired to p rep are sten cil or ditto m a ste r. May keep file of used sten cils or ditto m a ste rs . May sort, colla te , and staple c o m pleted m a teria l. O perates a sin gle- o r m u ltip le -p o sitio n telephone sw itch board. Duties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice c a lls . May r e c o r d toll ca lls and take m e s s a g e s . May give in fo r m ation to p erson s who ca ll in, or o cc a s io n a lly take telephone o r d e r s . F or w ork ers who also act as re ce p tio n ists see sw itchboard o p e r a to r re ce p tio n ist. 23 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE O PERATO R, GENERAL - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPER A TO R-R EC E PTIO N IST tion type This tim e In addition to p erform in g duties o f op era tor, on a single p o s i or m on itor-ty p e sw itch board, acts as recep tion ist and may a lso o r p e rfo rm routine c le r ic a l w ork as part of regular d uties<> typing or c le r ic a l w ork m ay take the m ajor part o f this w orker *s while at sw itch board. TABULATING-M ACHINE OPERATOR O perates m achine that autom atically analyzes and translates in form ation punched in grou ps o f tabulating card s and prints tra n s lated data on fo rm s or accounting re c o r d s ; sets or adjusts m achine; does sim ple w iring o f plugboards accord in g to established p ra ctice or d ia gra m s; p la ces ca rd s to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts m ach ine. May file ca rd s a fter they are tabulated. M ay, in addition, operate a u xilia ry m a ch in es. included. A w orker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ila r m achine is c la s s ifie d as a stenographer, gen eral. TYPIST U ses a typew riter to make cop ies o f variou s m aterial or to make out b ills after calcu lations have been made by another person . May do c le r ic a l w ork involving little special training, such as keep ing sim ple r e c o r d s , filing re c o r d s and re p o rts or sorting and d is tributing incom ing m a il. C la ss A - P e r fo r m s one or m ore o f the follow in g: Typing m aterial in final fo rm fro m v ery rough and involved draft; cop y ing fro m plain or c o r r e c te d cop y in which there is a frequent and v a rie d use o f techn ical and unusual w ords or from foreign language copy; com bining m aterial fro m severa l s o u rce s, or planning layout o f com p licated statistical tables to maintain uni form ity and balance in spacing; typing tables fro m rough draft in final fo rm . May type routine fo rm le tte rs , varying details to suit circu m sta n ce s. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPER A TO R, GENERAL P r im a r y duty is to tra n scrib e dictation involving a norm al routine vocab u la ry fro m tra n scrib in g m achine r e c o r d s . May a lso type fro m w ritten cop y and do sim ple c le r ic a l w ork. W ork ers tran scrib in g dictation involving a v a ried technical or sp ecia lized vocabu la r y such as lega l b r ie fs or rep orts on scien tific re s e a rc h are not Professional DRAFTSM AN, JUNIOR (A ssista n t draftsm an) Draws to sca le units or parts o f drawings prepared by d ra fts man or oth ers for en gin eering, con struction, or manufacturing p u r p o s e s . U ses va riou s types o f drafting tools as req u ired. May p r e pare draw ings fro m sim ple plans or sketches, or p e rfo rm other duties under d ire ction o f a draftsm an . DRAFTSM AN, LEADER P lans and d ir e cts a ctivities of one or m ore draftsm en in p rep aration o f w orking plans and detail drawings from rough or p r e lim in a ry sketches fo r engin eering, construction, or manufacturing p u rp o se s . Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: Interpreting b lu ep rin ts, sk etch es, and w ritten or verbal o rd e r s ; determ ining w ork p ro c e d u re s ; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their w ork; p e rfo rm in g m ore d ifficu lt p ro b le m s . May a ss is t subordinates during C lass B - P e r fo r m s one or m o re o f the follow ing: Typing fro m re la tiv ely cle a r or typed drafts; routine typing o f form s, insurance p o lic ie s , e t c .; setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying m ore com plex tables already set up and spaced p rop erly. and Technical DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued e m e rg e n cie s or as a regu lar assignm ent, or p e rfo rm related duties o f a su p ervisory or adm inistrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR P r e p a re s working plans and detail drawings fro m notes, rough or detailed sketches fo r en gineering, con stru ction , or manu facturing p u rp oses. Duties involve a com bination o f the following: P repa rin g working plans, detail draw ings, m aps, c r o s s -s e c t io n s , etc., to scale by use of drafting instrum ents; making engineering com puta tions such as those involved in strength o f m a te ria ls, beam s and tru s s e s ; verifyin g com pleted w ork, checking dim en sion s, m aterials to be used, and quantities; writing sp ecifica tion s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or sp e cifica tio n s. May ink in lin es and letters on pencil draw ings, prepare detail units o f com plete drawings, or tra ce draw ings. W ork is frequently in a sp ecia lized field such as a rch itectu ral, e le c tr ic a l, m echan ical, or structural drafting. 24 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued A re g is te r e d nurse who gives nursing s e r v ic e to ill or injured em ployees or other per soils who b ecom e ill or suffer an accident on the p re m ise s o f a fa ctory or other establish m en t. Duties involve a com bination of the follow in gi Giving fir s t aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressin g o f em p lo y e e s' in ju rie s; keeping r e c o rd s o f patients treated; preparing accident rep orts for com pensation or other p u rp oses; conducting physical exam inations and health evaluations o f applicants and em p loy ees; and planning and ca rryin g out p rogram s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation o f plant environm ent, or other a ctiv itie s safety o f all person n el. Maintenance affectin g the health, w e lfa re , and TRACER C opies plans and draw ings p re p a re d by o th ers, by placing tracin g cloth or paper o v e r drawing and tracin g with pen or p e n cil. U ses T -sq u a re , com pa ss, and other drafting t o o ls . May p rep are sim ple drawings and do sim ple le tte rin g . nd Powerplant CARPEN TER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY P erform s- the carpen try duties n e ce s s a r y to con stru ct and maintain in good rep a ir building w oodw ork and equipment such as bins, cr ib s , cou n ters, bench es, partitions, d o o rs, flo o r s , sta irs, ca sin gs, and trim made o f wood in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g: Planning and laying out o f w ork fro m blu eprints, draw ings, m od els, or verbal instru ction s; using a va riety o f ca rp e n te r's handtools, portable pow er to o ls, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions o f work; selecting m a terials n e ce s s a r y for the w ork. In gen eral, the w ork o f the maintenance carpen ter req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually a cq u ired through a form a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent train ing and ex p erien ce. Operates and m aintains and m ay a lso su p ervise the op eration o f stationary engines and equipment (m ech a n ica l or e le c tr ic a l) to sup ply the establishm ent in which em p loyed with pow er, heat, r e fr ig e r a tion, or air conditioning. W ork in v olv es: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam en gin es, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e ra to rs, m o to r s , turbines, ventilating and re frig e ra tin g equipm ent, steam b o ile r s and b o ile r -fe d water pum ps; making equipment r e p a ir s ; keeping a r e c o r d o f operation of m a ch in ery, tem p era tu re, and fuel con su m p tion . May a lso supervise th ese o p e ra tio n s. Head o r ch ie f en gin eers in establishm ents em ploying m o re than one engineer are exclu d ed. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE P e r fo r m s a va riety o f e le c tr ic a l trade functions such as the installation, m aintenance, or rep a ir o f equipment fo r the generating, distribution, or utilization o f e le c tr ic energy in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Installing or repairin g any of a variety o f e le ctr ic a l equipment such as g en era to rs, tr a n s fo r m e rs , sw itchboards, co n tr o lle rs , circu it b re a k e rs, m o to rs, heating units, conduit system s, or other tra n sm ission equipment; working fro m b lu e prints, draw ings, layout, or other s p ecifica tion s; locatin g and diag nosing trouble in the e le c tr ic a l system or equipment; working standard com putations relating to load requ irem en ts o f w iring or e le c tr ic a l equipment; using a va riety o f e le c tr ic ia n 's handtools and m easuring and testing instrum ents. In gen eral, the w ork o f the m aintenance e le ctricia n req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually a c quired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER F ire s stationary b o ile r s to furn ish the establishm ent in which em ployed with heat, pow er, or steam . F eed s fu els to fir e by hand or operates a m echanical sto k e r, ga s, or o il burn er; ch eck s water and safety v a lv es. May clea n , o il, or a s s is t in rep a irin g b o ile r ro o m equipment. H ELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or m o re w o rk e rs in the sk illed m aintenance tra d es, by p erform in g s p e c ific o r gen eral duties o f le s s e r sk ill, such as keeping a w orker supplied with m a te ria ls and to o ls ; cleaning w o rk ing a rea , m achine, and equipm ent; a ssistin g w ork er by holding m a te ria ls or to o ls; perform in g other unskilled tasks as d ire cte d by jo u r neym an. The kind o f w ork the h elper is p erm itted to p e rfo rm v a rie s fro m trade to trade: In som e trad es the helper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding m a te ria ls and to o ls, and cleaning w orking a re a s; and in others he is p erm itted to p e rfo rm s p e cia liz e d m achine op eration s, or parts o f a trade that are a lso p e rfo rm e d by w o rk e rs on a fu ll-tim e b a sis. 25 M ACH IN E-TOO L O P E R A T O R , TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE S p ecia lizes in the op eration o f one or m ore types o f m achine to o ls , such as jig b o r e r s , cy lin d rica l or su rface g r in d e rs , engine lath es, o r m illin g m ach in es in the con stru ction o f m ach in e-sh op to o ls , gau ges, jig s , fix tu res, or d ie s . W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g: Planning and p erform in g d ifficu lt machining op erations; p ro ce ss in g item s req u irin g co m p lica te d setups or a high degree o f a ccu ra cy ; using a va riety o f p r e c is io n m easuring instrum ents; selectin g feed s, speed s, toolin g and op era tion sequence; making n e ce s s a r y adju st m ents during op era tion to a ch ieve requ isite tolera n ces or dim en sion s. May be re q u ired to r e c o g n iz e when tools need d ressin g, to d re s s to o ls, and to s e le c t p rop er coolan ts and cutting and lubricating o ils . F or c r o s s -in d u s t r y wage study p u rp oses, m a ch in e-tool o p e ra to rs, to o lro o m , in tool and die jobbing shops a re excluded fro m this cla ss ifica tio n . R epa irs m ach in ery or m echan ical equipment o f an estab lish m ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g: Examining'* m achines and m echan ical equipment to diagnose sou rce o f trouble; dismantling or partly dism antling m achines and perform in g re p a irs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or d efectiv e parts with item s obtained fro m stock; orderin g the production o f a rep lacem en t part by a machine shop or sending of the m achine to a m achine shop fo r m a jor re p a irs; preparing written sp ecifica tion s fo r m a jo r re p a irs o r for the production o f parts ord ered fro m m achine shop; rea ssem blin g m achines; and making all n e ce ssa ry adjustm ents fo r op era tion . In gen eral, the w ork o f a maintenance m echan ic req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent training and exp erien ce. E xcluded fro m this cla ss ifica tio n a re w ork ers w hose prim ary duties involve setting up or adjusting m a ch in es. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE MILLWRIGHT P r o d u c e s rep la cem en t parts and new parts in making re p a irs o f m etal p arts o f m ech a n ical equipment operated in an establishm ent. W ork in v o lv es m ost o f the follow in g: Interpreting w ritten in s tru c tions and s p e cifica tio n s ; planning and laying out of w ork; using a v a rie ty o f m a ch in is trs handtools and p re cis io n m easuring instrum ents; setting up and op erating standard machine to o ls; shaping o f m etal parts to c lo s e to le ra n ce s ; making standard shop com putations re la t ing to d im en sion s o f w ork, toolin g, feeds and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the w orking p ro p e rtie s of the com m on m eta ls; selectin g standard m a te ria ls , p a rts, and equipment requ ired for his w ork; fitting and a ssem b lin g parts into m echan ical equipment. In gen eral, the m a c h in is ts w ork n orm a lly req u ires a rounded training in m ach ineshop p ra ctice usually a cq u ired through a form a l appren ticesh ip or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce . Installs new m achines o r heavy equipment and dism antles and installs m achines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant la y out are re q u ire d . W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g: Planning and laying out o f the w ork; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a v a riety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop c o m putations relating to s tr e s s e s , strength of m a teria ls, and cen ters of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selectin g standard tools, equipm ent, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good o rd e r power tra n sm ission equipment such as d rives and speed r e d u c e rs . In gen eral, the m illw r ig h ts w ork n orm a lly req u ires a rounded training and exp erien ce in the trade acqu ired through a form al appren ticesh ip o r equivalent training and e x p erien ce. OILER MECHANIC, AUTOM OTIVE (MAINTENANCE) R ep a irs a u tom ob iles, b u ses, m otortru cks, and tr a c to rs o f an establish m en t. W ork in volves m ost of the follow ing: Examining autom otive equipm ent to diagnose sou rce of trouble; d isassem blin g equipment and p erform in g re p a irs that involve the use o f such handto o ls as w ren ch es, gau ges, d r ills , or sp ecia lized equipment in d is assem b lin g o r fitting p a rts; rep lacin g broken or defective parts fro m stock; grinding and adjusting v a lv es; reassem blin g and installing the va riou s a ss e m b lie s in the veh icle and making n e ce ssa ry adjustm ents; alining w h eels, adjusting bra kes and lights, or tightening body b o lts. In ge n e ra l, the w ork o f the autom otive m echanic req u ires rounded training and ex p erien ce usually acquired through a form a l a p p ren tice ship o r equivalent training and ex p erien ce. L u b rica tes, with oil or g re a s e , the m oving parts or wearing su rfa ces o f m echan ical equipment o f an establishm ent. PA IN TE R , MAINTENANCE Paints and re d e co ra te s w a lls, w oodw ork, and fixtures of an establish m en t. W ork involves the follow ing: Knowledge of surface p e cu lia ritie s and types o f paint requ ired for differen t applications; preparing su rface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or fille r in nail holes and in te rstice s; applying paint with spray gun or bru sh. May m ix c o lo r s , o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain prop er co lo r or co n siste n cy . In general, the w ork o f the maintenance painter req u ires rounded training and e x p erien ce usually acqu ired through a form a l apprenticeship or equiva lent training and exp e rie n ce . 26 P IP E F IT T E R , MAINTENANCE SH EE T-M ETA L WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued Installs or rep a irs w ater, steam , gas, or other types o f pipe and pipefittings in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the f o l low ing: Laying out o f w ork and m easuring to loca te position o f pipe from drawings or other written sp ecifica tion s; cutting va riou s sizes o f pipe to c o r r e c t lengths with ch isel and ham m er or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting m achine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or p ow er-d riv en m achines; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop com putations relating to p re s s u r e s , flow , and size o f pipe r e quired; making standard tests to determ ine whether finished pipes m eet sp e cifica tion s. In gen eral, the w ork o f the maintenance pipefitter req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce . W orkers p rim a rily engaged in installing and rep airin g building sanitation or heating system s are exclu d ed . and laying out all types o f sh e e t-m e ta l m aintenance w ork fr o m b lu e prints, m od els, or other s p e cifica tio n s ; setting up and operating all available types o f sh eet-m eta l-w ork in g m ach in es; using a va rie ty o f handtools in cutting, bending, fo rm in g , shaping, fitting, and a s s e m bling; installing sh eet-m etal a r tic le s as re q u ire d . In gen era l, the w ork o f the maintenance sh e e t-m e ta l w ork er re q u ire s rounded training and experien ce usually acq u ired through a fo rm a l app ren ticesh ip or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce . PLUM BER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system o f an establishm ent in good o rd e r . W ork involves: Knowledge o f sanitary cod es regardin g installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or repairin g pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b errs snake. In gen eral, the w ork o f the maintenance plum ber req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l a pp ren tice ship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. SH EE T-M ETA L WORKER, MAINTENANCE F a b rica tes, in stalls, and maintains in good rep a ir the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, g rea se pans, sh elves, lo c k e r s , tanks, ven tila tors, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) o f an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Planning Custodial and (D iem aker; jig m aker; to o lm a k e r; T ran sports p assen gers between flo o r s o f an o ffice building, apartment house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ila r establishm ent. W orkers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and jan itors are excluded. GUARD P e r fo r m s routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining o rd e r , using a rm s or fo r c e where n e ce s s a r y . In clude s gatem en who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity of em ployees and other person s en terin g. fixture m a k er; gauge m aker) C onstructs and re p a irs m a ch in e-sh op to o ls , gauges, jig s , fix tures or dies for forgin gs, punching and other m e ta l-fo rm in g w ork. W ork involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f w ork fro m m od els, blueprints, draw ings, o r other o ra l and w ritten s p e c ifi cation s; using a variety o f tool and die m aker rs handtools and p re c is io n m easuring instrum ents; understanding o f the w orking p ro p e rtie s o f cotnm on m etals and a lloys; setting up and operating o f m achine tools and related equipment; making n e c e s s a r y shop com putations relating to dim ensions o f work, speeds, fe e d s , and tooling o f m ach ines; heattreating of m etal parts during fa b rica tion as w ell as o f finished tools and dies to achieve req u ired q u a lities; w orking to c lo s e to le ra n ce s ; fitting and assem bling o f parts to p r e s c r ib e d to le ra n ce s and a llo w ances; selecting appropriate m a te ria ls , to o ls , and p r o c e s s e s . In gen eral, the tool and die m aker *s w ork re q u ire s a rounded training in m ach ine-sh op and to o lro o m p ra ctice usually a cq u ired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce . For cr o s s-in d u stry wage study p u rp oses, to o l and die m akers in tool and die jobbing shops a re exclu ded fr o m this c la s s ifica tio n . Material ELEVATOR OPERATO R, PASSENGER TOOL AND DIE MAKER Movement JANITOR, PO RTE R, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; ja n itr e s s) Cleans and keeps in an o r d e r ly condition fa cto ry working areas and w ash room s, or p re m is e s of an o ffic e , apartm ent house, or co m m e rcia l or other establish m en t. Duties involve a com bination o f the follow ing: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbin g, and polishing flo o r s ; rem oving chips, trash, and other re fu se ; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polishing m etal fixtu res o r trim m in gs; providing supplies and m inor maintenance s e r v ic e s ; cleaning la v a to rie s , sh ow ers, and re s tr o o m s . W orkers who s p e cia liz e in window washing are exclu ded. 27 LA B O R E R, M A T E R IA L HANDLING (L oader and unloader; handler and stacker; sh elver; tru ck er; stockm an or stock h elp er; w arehousem an or w arehouse h elp er) A w ork er em ployed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, s to r e , or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or m o re of the follow in g: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erch a n dise on or from freigh t c a r s , tru ck s, or other transporting d e v ice s; unpacking, sh elving, or placing m a terials or m erchandise in p rop er storage location ; transporting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck , c a r , or w h eelbarrow . L on gsh orem en , who load and unload ships are exclu ded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued other r e c o r d s ; checking for shortages and rejectin g damaged goods; routing m erch an d ise or m a terials to p ro p e r departm ents; maintaining n e ce s s a ry r e c o rd s and file s . F o r wage study p u rp o se s, w ork ers are c la s s ifie d as follow s: R eceivin g cle rk Shipping cle rk Shipping and receiv in g cle rk TRUCKDRIVER ORDER FILLER (O rd er p ick e r; stock s e le c to r ; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or tra n sfer ord ers for finished goods from s to re d m erch an d ise in a ccord a n ce with specification s on sales s lip s , c u s t o m e r s 1 o r d e r s , or other in stru ction s. M ay, in addition to fillin g o rd e r s and indicating item s fille d or om itted, keep re c o rd s of out going o r d e r s , req u isition additional stock , or report short supplies to s u p e r v is o r , and p e rfo rm other related duties. D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m a te ria ls , m e rch a n d ise, equipm ent, or m en between variou s types of establishm ents such as: M anufacturing plants, freigh t depots, w a re h ou ses, w holesale and retail establish m en ts, or between retail estab lishm ents and c u s to m e r s ’ houses or p la ces o f b u sin ess. May a lso load or unload truck with or without h e lp e rs , make m in or m echanical r e p a ir s , and keep truck in good working o rd e r . D r iv e r-sa le s m e n and o v e r -th e -r o a d d riv e rs are exclu d ed . F o r wage study p u rp o ses, tru ck d riv ers are cla ss ifie d by size and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T r a c t o r -tr a ile r should be rated on the b asis of tr a ile r capacity. ) PA C K E R , SHIPPING P r e p a re s finished prod u cts for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con ta in ers, the s p e cific operations p e rfo rm e d being dependent upon the type, s iz e , and number of units to be packed, the type of container em p loyed, and m ethod of shipment. Work req u ires the placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or m o re o f the follow in g : Knowledge of various item s of stock in ord er to v e r ify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; insertin g e n clo su re s in con tainer; using e x c e ls io r or other m a terial to preven t breakage or dam age; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P ack ers who a lso m ake w ooden b oxes or cra tes are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK P re p a re s m erch an d ise fo r shipment, or re ce iv e s and is r e spon sible for incom ing shipm ent of m erchandise or other m a te ria ls. Shipping w ork in v o lv e s : A knowledge of shipping p ro ce d u re s , p r a c t ic e s , rou tes, available m eans o f transportation and ra tes; and p r e paring re c o rd s o f the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, p o s t ing weight and shipping ch a rg e s, and keeping a file of shipping r e c o r d s . May d ire ct or a s s is t in preparin g the m erchandise fo r shipment. R eceivin g w ork in v o lv e s : V erifyin g or directing others in verifyin g the co r re c tn e s s of shipm ents against b ills of lading, in v o ic e s , or T ru ck d riv er T ru ck d riv e r, T ru ck d riv e r, T ru ck d riv e r, T ru ck d riv e r, (com bination of s iz e s listed sepa ra tely) light (under \S/z to n s) m edium ( 1V2 to and including 4 ton s) heavy (over 4 ton s, tr a ile r typ e) heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a m anually con trolled ga so lin e - or e le c tr ic -p o w e r e d truck o r tra cto r to tran sport goods and m a terials of all kinds about a w areh ou se, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent. F o r wage study p u rp o se s, w ork ers are c la s s ifie d by type of truck , as follow s: T ru ck e r, pow er (forklift) T ru ck e r, pow er (other than fo rk lift) WATCHMAN M akes rounds o f p re m ise s p e rio d ica lly in protecting property against fir e , theft, and illega l entry. ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENTPRINTINGOFFICE :1956O-384760