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Occupational Wage Survey

NEWARK-JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY
D ECEM BER 19SS

B L S B u lle tin N o. 1 1 8 8 -1 0

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary



BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clagua, Commissioner




O ccu p a tio n al W age S u rv e y
N E W A R K -J E R S E Y C IT Y , N E W J E R S E Y




DECEMBER 1955

Bulletin No.

1188H0

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
iwa«t Clofue, Commissionar

April 1956

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C,

Price 20 cents




Contents
Page
I n t r o d u c t i o n ----------------------------------------------„ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1
3

T a b le s :

A:

B:

E sta b lish m e n ts and w
In dexes o f stan dard w
h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r
fo r s e le cte d p e rio d s

o r k e r s w i t h i n s c o p e o f s t u d y _______________________________________________________________________________________
e e k ly sa la rie s fo r o ffic e c le r ic a l and a v e r a g e s tra ig h t-tim e
s e l e c t e d p la n t o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , a n d p e r c e n t o f i n c r e a s e
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2

3

O ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s * A
A
A
A

-l:
- 2:
- 3:
- 4:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10

E
B
B
B
B
B

s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c tic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s * -l:
S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r o v i s i o n s _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
-2 :
M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s __________________________________________________________________________
-3 :
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
-4 :
P a i d h o l i d a y s ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
-5 :
P a i d v a c a t i o n s _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13
14
15
16
17

B -6 :
A p p e n d ix :

O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s -----------------------------------------------P r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l o ccu p a tio n s _
M a in te n a n ce and p o w e rp la n t o ccu p a tio n s
C u sto d ia l an d m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o ccu p a tio n s

vO oo m

1:
2:

H ea lth ,

in su ra n ce ,

Job d e s crip tio n s

a n d p e n s i o n p l a n s _____________________________________________________________________________________ « ________

19

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21

* N O T E : S im ila r ta b u la tio n s
reports
fo r N o v e m b e r 1951,
p ort a lso
o v e rtim e
pay prov
p rice of

C ity

fo r m o s t o f th ese ite m s a re a v a ila b le
N ov em b er 1952, D e ce m b e r 1953, and

in th e N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y a r e a
D e c e m b e r 1954.
T h e 1953 r e ­

p r o v id e s ta b u la tio n s o f w a g e s tr u c tu r e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , and
pay p ro v isio n s.
T h e 1954 r e p o r t a l s o in c lu d e s d ata on fr e q u e n c y o f w a g e p a y m e n t s , an d
i s io n s f o r h o lid a y s fa llin g
on n on w ork d a y s.
A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g
d a te o f s t u d y a n d th e
th e r e p o r t s , a s w e ll a s r e p o r t s f o r o th e r m a j o r a r e a s , is a v a ila b le u p o n r e q u e s t .

C urrent rep orts
area
are
a lso

on o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and su p p le m e n ta ry
a v a ila b le
for m a c h in e r y
(J a n u a ry
1 9 5 6 ),

w a g e p r a c t i c e s in th e N e w a r k - J e r s e y
in d u stria l c h e m ic a ls
(A u g u s t 1 9 5 5 ),

w om en*s and m is s e s 1 d resses
(A u g u st 1 9 5 5 ), p o w e r la u n d r ie s
and dry
cle a n e rs
(J u n e 1 9 5 5 ), a n d
o f f i c e b u ild in g s e r v i c e (Ju n e 1 9 55 ). U n io n s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s , a r e a v a ila b le
f o r th e fo llo w in g t r a d e s o r in d u s t r ie s :
B u ild in g c o n s t r u c t io n , p r in tin g , lo c a l tr a n s it o p e r a tin g e m ­
p lo y e e s , and m o to rtru ck d riv e rs.




iii




Occupational W a g e Survey - Newark-Jersey City, N. J.'*
I n t r o d u c t io n

T h e
in d u s tr ia l
L a b o r

N e w a r k -J e r s e y

ce n te rs

S ta tis tic s

r e la te d

w age

o b ta in e d

by

h as

esta te ;

and

s e r v ic e s .

and

p r e s c r ib e d

n is h
fo r

w o rk e rs

ea ch

o f

th e

m u m
is

c o s t,

a

In

th e ir

s tu d ie d
th e

a re

o f

g r o u p in g

and

oth e r

e x c lu d e d

th e

o c c u p a tio n s

th e

s tu d ie d

ta b u la tio n s

c o n ­

fe w e r

th a n

th ey

fu r­

to

stru ctu re

on

T o
o f

a

s a m p le

th a n

t h e r e fo r e ,~ a s
2

o f

h ow ev er,

E s tim a te s

a re a ,

b a s is

a p p r o p r ia te

la r g e

d a ta ,

to

w a rra n t

b a sed

fo r

a c cu ra cy

and

a ll

th ose

o f

th e

c a tio n

is

a cco u n t
(s e e

an d

b a se d
o f

t io n s :

fo r

(in

(a )

n a n ce

and

a

c lu d e d

u n ifo r m

set

lis tin g

a re

in d u s tr ie s .

th e

fo r c e

of

jo b

v a r ia t io n
th ese

d e s c r ip tio n s
in

d u tie s

c le r ic a l;

(b )

p r o fe s s io n a l an d

(d )

c u s to d ia l

sh ow n

w e e k ly

but

W h ere

and

c u p a tio n s ,

r e fe r e n c e
fo r

la te

h ou rs

is

w h ic h

in

th e

p r e m iu m

w e e k ly

fo r

fu ll-tim e

to

th e

fo r

o c c u p a tio n s

te c h n ic a l;

m a t e r ia l

a re

o c c u p a tio n a l

and

a s

s c h e d u le s
s a la r ie s
h ave

fo r

b een

ta k e
jo b

d a ta

a re

o f

o ccu p a ­

(c)

m a in te ­

h ir e d

fo r

w ork
a re

o ffic e
to

p a id ;

rou n ded

to

(b )

T h e

o f

th e

lis h m e n t s

h a v in g

u sed

“ o th er"

th e

o r ,

w as

p r o fe s s io n a l,
C a fe te r ia

th e

e s ­

fro m

r e la tiv e

o c c u p a tio n a l

e a r n in g s

d a ta .

to
on

on

if

and

tic a lly

th e

on
if

a

ite m s

c le r ic a l

o c ­

no

at

th e

a s

u sed

and

a

rou tem en

a s

in
a d ­

“ P la n t

w o rk e rs

e m p lo y e e s ,
as

s e ­

r e la te

e x c lu d e s

fu n c t io n s .

u tiliz e d

in c lu d e d

(ta b le
is

B -l)

and

a re

(in ­

A d m in is ­
fo r c e -

sep a ra te

w ork

e x c lu d e d

p la n t w o r k e r s

a re

p re se n te d

in t e r m s
at

lim ite d

b oth

in

to

in

in

non m an ­

m a n u fa c t u r in g

te rm s

o f

o f t o t a l p la n t w o r k e r
on

th e

d iffe r e n tia ls ,

am ou n t

en tra n ce
T h ey

h e a lth ,
b a s is

th e

T h e

n ea rest

te c h n ic a l
a re

s h ift

th e

b a s is

t im e

th e

a p p lie d

to

o f

a

(a )

su rv ey .

m a jo r ity ,

e sta b ­

e m p lo y m e n t,

o f w o rk e rs

th e

a m o u n t a p p ly in g

th a t

su ch

d is c r e tio n

o f

a re

a c t u a lly
In

to

a

e sta b ­

m a jo r ity

th e

c la s s ific a tio n

o n ly

to

th e

a re

p la n s

o f

not

p la n s

is

w h ereb y

e m p lo y e r .

p a id

to

a ll

p la n t

o r

lim it e d
o ff

to

p a id

s t a t is ­

or

m ay

r o u n d in g ,

t im e

ra th er

trea ted

o ffic e

e v e n tu a lly

su m s

n e c e s s a r ily

S e p a ra te

e sta b ­

h o lid a y s ;

a re

e lig ib le

do

th e

e s t a b lis h m e n t ,

h o u rs;

B e ca u se

o f v a c a tio n
p la n s

r e la te
an

a p p lic a b le

w o rk e rs

lis t e d .4

in fo r m a l

on

a n d p e n s io n

ta b u la tio n s

su m m a ry

B -2 )

S c h e d u le d

th e se

o f

th ese

e x c lu d in g

(ta b le

p re se n te d

b a s is .

p r a c tic e s
in

ra te s

a re

in s u r a n c e ,

m a jo r ity

fo r

m en ts,

and

n o n s u p e r v is o r y
n o n o ffic e

w o rk e rs

but a re

on

a s th e y

w o rk e rs , “

e m p lo y e e s

a ll

and

p re se n te d

e m p lo y m e n t

v id u a l

w eek ­

ta b le s )

u sed .

v a c a tio n s ;

n e a re st

B -s e r ie s

“ o ffic e

in

w ho

s p e c ifie d

v is ite d .

an

w o rk e rs

P r o v is io n s

a n d te c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l.

and

p r a c tic e ,
v a r ie d

M in im u m
lis h m e n t s
th a n

te rm

en gaged

e m p lo y e e s

W age

th e

c le r ic a l

fo re m e n

3 p resen ted

on

w as

(in

p r o fe s s io n a l,

in fo r m a tio n

e ffe c tiv e

q u a lify

th e

in d ic a te
in

a ll

am on g

o b ta in e d

s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fits

o ffic e

in d u s t r ie s ,

e m p lo y e d

in ­

th e

a ll

an d tr a in e e s )

T h is

e x ­

a v era g e

to

d iffe r e n c e s

in

a c tu a lly

in d u s tr ie s .

a re

e a r n in g s

(ro u n d e d
a re

to

sam e

b on u ses

in c e n tiv e

and

of

c la s s ific a tio n .

and

o n ly

tota l

n u m ber

stru ctu re

a ccu ra cy

a ls o

and

S h ift d iff e r e n t ia l d a ta

c la s s ifi­

th ose

th e

th e

n ot th e

e m p lo y m e n t

S u p p le m e n ta r y

p resen te d

w o r k in g

e x c lu d e d .

u fa c t u r in g

m ov em en t.

i .e .,

o v e r t im e

rep orted ,

w ork

th e

ty p es

N o n p r o d u c tio n

b on u ses

s tr a ig h t-tim e

th ese

g iv e n

pay

a re

and

v a r ie ty

E a r n in g s

fo llo w in g

w o rk e rs,

s h ifts .

c o s t -o f-liv in g

h a lf

e a r n in g s

fo r

s c h e d u le

e x c lu d e

h o lid a y s ,

a ls o ,

and

th e

a

se rv e
T h ese

a ffe c t

w o rk e rs .

c o n s tr u c tio n

m in im u m

d e s ig n e d

w ith in

d e s c r ip tio n s ).
fo r

to

re p re se n t

and

o c c u p a tio n a l

s tu d ie d

and

e x e c u tiv e ,

m a n u fa c tu r in g

in

is

in c lu d e s

e x e c u tiv e ,

a ccou n t

a re

e s ta b lis h m e n ts

O c c u p a tio n a l

O ffic e

a re

p la n t

le a d m e n

t r a tiv e ,

at m in i­

e s t a b lis h m e n t s

com m on

ta b le s )

d a ta

h ou r)

o f

stu d y

A -s e r ie s

r e g u la r

c lu d e d .

a

p o w e r p la n t ;

w eek en d s,

fo r

th e

D a ta
E a r n in g s

s e le c te d

in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t

a p p e n d ix

p re se n te d

and

lis h m e n t p o lic y ,

n o n m a n u fa ctu r in g

on

P r a c tic e s

b u lle tin ,

c lu d in g

e s ta b lis h m e n ts

b e lo w

in

s tu d ie d .

m a t e r ia lly

w o r k e r s 1' i n c l u d e

E a r n in g s

o c c u p a tio n s

not

jo b s

stu d y

o f o c c u p a tio n a l

e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s

o ffic e

th is

in s u r e

e s t a b lis h m e n t s

on th e

to

and to

th e

In fo r m a tio n
le c te d

p r o v id e d

b e ca u se

s m a ll

a ll

r e la tin g

excep t

d o

m in is tr a tiv e ,

a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s ,

o b ta in

o f

e s tim a te s

o f th e

o f d iffe r e n c e s
e s tim a te s

o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts

E s t a b lis h m e n t

th ese

th e

a re

s a m p le

th e

scop e

re a l

fro m

b eca u se

w it h in th e

B eca u se

im p o r ta n c e

p u b lic

and

and

h a v in g

a ls o

ta b lis h m e n ts ,

r e p r e s e n ta tiv e

o p e r a tio n s

o m it t e d

su rv ey ed .

a re

M a n u fa c tu r in g ;

in s u r a n c e ,

grou p s

and

in d u s tr ie s .

m a n u fa c tu r in g

h a lf

d a ta

s tu d ie d .

T h e

ly

to

E s ta b lis h m e n t s

s u r v e y in g

th e

e a r n in g s

e s t a b lis h m e n t s

o f

d iv is io n s .

w e ig h t .

and

fin a n c e ,

sep a ra te

p r o p o r t io n

c o m b in in g

a g en ts

O c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t

im p o r ta n t
B u rea u

a re a ,

d iv is io n s :

c o m m u n ic a t io n ,

con d u cted

in

r e s u lts .

p re se n te d ,

O c c u p a tio n s

w o rk

a re

a p p ro p r ia te

in d u s tr y

s iz e

su rv e y s

g re a te r

s tu d ie d .

g iv e n

in d u s tr y

c o s t in v o lv e d

p u b lic a tio n

in

each

a re

p o s s ib le ,

b ro a d

T h e se
u n n e ce ssa ry
p rom p t

e m p lo y m e n t

o c c u p a tio n a l

govern m en t

in d u s t r ie s .

se v e ra l
L a b or*s

fie ld

in d u s tr y

a re

e x t r a c t iv e

W h e re v e r

o f
o f
In

tra d e;

n u m b er

o f

o f

in d u s tr y

r e t a il

M a jo r

on e

b a s is .

B u rea u

r a ilr o a d s ),

r a ilr o a d s ,

in s u ffic ie n t

in c lu s io n . 1
*

su rv ey s

b ro a d

tra d e ;

is

D ep a rtm en t

a r e a w id e
o f

s ix

(e x c lu d in g

b e s id e s

s tr u c tio n
a

an

v is it s

w ith in

w h o le s a le

s tu d ie s ,

on

a rea

th e

con d u cted

p e rs o n a l

t r a n s p o r ta tio n

C ity

w h ic h

b e n e fits

e s t a b lis h m e n t s
u tilitie s ;

in

o f in d i­

equ al

to ta ls .

fo rm a l a r r a n g e ­

w it h

pay

e s tim a te s

is

a re

g ra n ted
p r o v id e d

d o lla r .

3
*

T h is

N ew

Y o rk ,

P a u l

E .

N .

S ee

2

T he

w as

Y ., b y

W a r w ic k ,

1
w o rk e rs

re p o rt

ta b le

F r e d e r ic k

R e g io n a l
1

fo r

ta b u la tio n

r e la te s

p re p a re d

o n ly




th e

m in im u m

p r o v is io n s

B u rea u *s

M u e lle r ,
and

m in im u m -s iz e
o f

to

W .

W age

in

under

I n d u s tr ia l

th e

ra tes

o ffic e

in

e ith e r

d ir e c tio n

of

o f

R e la tio n s

e s ta b lis h m e n t

en tra n ce
in

r e g io n a l

th e

ta b le

w om en

w o rk e rs .

1

fo llo w in g
o r

S c h e d u le d

B -3 )

w o rk e rs

o ffic e

s tu d ie d .

e s t a b lis h m e n t

th e

su rv ey ,

4

A n a ly s t .

co v e re d .

fo r

e s t a b lis h m e n t s

A n
of

a re

(2 )

had

in

c o n s id e r e d
(l)

a s

p r o v is io n s

h ou rs

fo r

in

o ffic e s

te rm s
w it h

th e

o ffic e

of

h a v in g

O p era ted

fo r m a l

w e e k ly

p re se n te d

e m p lo y e d

w as

c o n d it io n s :

th e

la te

p o lic y

s h ifts

c o v e r in g
w o rk e rs

p r o p o r t io n

in d ic a te d

a

w e e k ly

la te
(fir s t
o f

if

at

m et
tim e

s h ifts .
s e c t io n

w om en

h ou rs

it

th e

fo r

o f

o ffic e
w om en

2

a c c o r d in g
a s

t im e

to

e m p lo y e r

p a y m en ts,

H ow ever,

in

p a y m en ts

not

on

a

p e rce n t

o f

annual

o f

2

1 w e e k 's

th e

p r a c tic e

p e rcen t

ta b u la tio n s
t im e

in

o f

c o m p u t in g

annual

o f v a c a tio n

b a s is

w e re

e a r n in g s

v a c a tio n

e a r n in g s ,

a llo w a n c e s

con v erted ;

w as

or
by

fo r

p a y m en ts,

fla t -s u m
y e a rs

a s

th e

b e n e fits

s ic k -le a v e
a

s e r v ic e ,

pay

a

paym en t

b eca u se

e q u iv a le n t

of

o r

(1 )

of

p la n s

D a ta
fo r

e x c e p tin g
s o c ia l

a re

w h ic h
o n ly

p re se n te d

at le a s t

le g a l

s e c u r ity .

com p a n y

d ir e c tly

th e

set

by

a s id e

life

p la n s
and

th is

a ll

out

h e a lth ,

o f th e

co s t

su ch

in c lu d e

th o se

e m p lo y e r

fo r

fo r

p a rt

r e q u ir e m e n ts

S u ch

in s u r a n c e

a

p r o v id e d

o f cu rren t

p u rp o se .

a s

th ose

D ea th

in s u r a n c e ,

is

b orn e

w o r k m e n 1s
a

o p e r a tin g

b e n e fits

by

a

u n io n

fu n d s

a re

th e

p e n s io n

o r

a s

a

p a id

m e d ic a l

a

fu n d

e m p lo y e e s

fo rm

o f

ic a l

su ra n ce
th e

u n d er

e m p lo y e r
have

on

a

In fo r m a tio n

o r

is

te m p o ra ry

m o re

T a b le

th a n

1:

is

in

a re

le g a lly

E s t a b lis h m

e n t s

fo r

N ew

a ll

su ch

Y ork

and

w o r k e r s

o r

w it h in

m ade

p la n s
N ew

to

M

o f

s u r v e y

in im

o r

o r

d u r in g

a

p a id

a re

s ic k

e ith e r

w ho

le a v e ,

an

b oth

ty p es

o r

In

a re

fr o m

fu ll

w o rk

a c c o r d in g

p e r io d ,

p e r io d .

w o rk e rs

p r o v id e

a b se n ce

p r o v id e d

w a it in g

w a itin g

o f

r e c e iv e

no

T a b u la tio n s

w h ic h

and

(2 )

a d d it io n

p r o v id e d

to

p la n s
to

th e

s ick n e s s

u n d u p lic a t e d

tota l

is

o f b e n e fit.

in s u r a n c e ,
in c lu d e s

o f

s o m e tim e s

th o se

s ic k n e s s

p la n s

and

in ju r y

o f h o s p ita liz a tio n ,

r e fe r s to

p la n s

S u ch

c o m p a n ie s

o r

T a b u la t io n s

th a t p r o v id e

p la n s

m a y

be

o f

fo r

and

fo r

c o m p le te

th e

a s

e x p e n se s

u n d e r w r it t e n

p e n s io n

p a y m en ts

to

ex ten d ed

d e s ig n e d

to

p ro te ct

b eyon d

s u r g ic a l p la n s .

o r g a n iz a tio n s

r e tir e m e n t

m o n th ly

a re

in v o lv in g

m e d ic a l,

p r o v id in g

n o n p r o fit

r e fe r r e d

w h ic h

o r
by

o r

p la n s

p a r tia l p a y m e n t
c o m m e r c ia l

th ey

a re

m a y

lim it e d

r e m a in d e r

th e

M ed ­

o f

th e

in ­

be

s e lf-

to

th ose

w o r k e r 's

life .

e m ­

(l)

c o n ­

5

e m p lo y e e

a n d

pay

and

la w .

p la n s

w h ic h

r e q u ir e
th e

in s u r a n c e

p la n s

th e

ca se

d o c to r s 1 fe e s .

in s u r e d .

d ir e c tly
a c c id e n t

in

co v e ra g e

su ra n ce

in ­

w h ic h

e m p lo y e r

p r o v id e s

s c o p e

o r

o f

J e rs e y ,

w h ic h

if th e

(2 )

ty p e

illn e s s

la w s

o n ly

th a t

a re

d u r in g

in s u r a n c e

r e q u ir e d ,

to

p a y m en ts

in c lu d e d

a n d

lim ite d

b a s is

p resen ted

d is a b ilit y

is

ca sh

m o n th ly

H ow ev er,

c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 5* p l a n s

t r ib u te s

in s u r a n c e

p r e d e te r m in e d

w e e k ly

c o n t r ib u te s .

en a cted

p lo y e r

a c c id e n t

w h ic h

in s u r e d

d is a b ility .

and

in s u r a n c e ,

n orm a l

in s u r a n c e .
S ic k n e s s

w ho

C a ta stro p h e

o r

fr o m

pay

p r o p o r tio n s

in s u r a n c e

o f w ork ers

pay

ta b u la tio n s

fu ll

o f th e

fo rm a l

w o r k e r 's

S e p a ra te

p a r tia l
th e

to

and

o f

to

a c c id e n t

show n

c o m m e r c ia l
fu n d

in c lu d e d

and

e m p lo y e r ,

c o m p e n s a tio n

u n d e r w r it t e n
th rou g h

and

by

of

r e q u ir e m e n ts

lim ite d

th e

p r o v id e

e ith e r

th e

a re

of

illn e s s .

w h ic h

p r e s e n ta tio n
p la n s

ex ceed

p la n s

p r o p o r t io n

p r o v id in g

p ay.

w h ic h

o f p a id

o f

e x a m p le ,

c o n s id e r e d

w it h

su ch

a m ou n ts.

n u m

b e r

do

s t u d ie d

in

n ot

N

e w

The

tem p ora ry

r e q u ir e

a r k - J e r s e y

d is a b ilit y

e m p lo y e r

C it y ,

N .

J .

la w s

in

C a lifo r n ia

and

R h od e

I s la n d

c o n t r ib u tio n s .

, A

b y

m

a j o r

in d u s t r y

d i v i s i o n ,

D

e c e m

b e r

1 9 5 5

u m
N u m

b e r

o f

e s t a b lis h m

e n t s

W

o r k e r s

in

e s t a b lis h m

e n t s

s i z e
I n d u s t r y

e s t a b l i s h ­

d iv i s i o n

W
m

W

it h in

s c o p e

M

d i v i s i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

T o t a l 3

a n u fa c t u r in g

T r a n s p o r t a t i o n
c o m
W

m

R e t a il

2 7 1

3 9 5 ,5 0 0

2 6 7 ,0 0 0

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1 8

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6 0 0

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( e x c e p t

o t h e r

l i m

p u b lic

u t il it ie s

4

i t e d - p r i c e
5 7

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2 3

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S e r v i c e s * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5 1

1 1 4

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o t h e r

a b ly

in

f in a n c e ,

e w

a r e a

a u t o

3

I n c lu d e s
A l s o

5

E s t im
H

a n d

C it y

e n t

in d e x e s

p a y

a n d

p e r i o d

s e r v i c e ,

a n d

r e a l

e a s u r e
a n d

t o t a l

o f
e m

(2 )
e m

a ll

e n t

a n d

e n t s

t r e n d s

a t

o r

a r e

t o

C o u n t ie s ) .

f o r c e

o t h e r

in c i d e n t a l

s e r v i c e s ;

U n io n

e s t a b lis h m

e n t

t h e a t e r s

e s t a b lis h m

b u s in e s s

* a n d
l a b o r

p lo y m
s m

p r o f e s s i o n a l
s e r v i c e s

th e

p lo y m

o t i o n - p i c t u r e

e s t a t e

s e r v i c e s ;

in c lu d e d
o r

l e v e l s

e n t s

a b o v e

a r e

t h e

c o n s i d e r e d
w

o r k e r s

w a t e r

m

T h e

in

t h e

s in c e

" w

( l )

e x c l u d e d
in im

a s

u m

1

e x c l u d e d

o r k e r s

s u r v e y .

w it h in
T h e

p la n n in g
f r o m

s iz e

t h e

l i m

o f

e s t a b lis h m

e n t .

f r o m

s e p a r a t e

t h e

w a g e

s c o p e

i t a t i o n .

s c o p e

e s t im

o f
A ll

a t e s

o f
a r e

2 ,4 0 0
1 9 ,

( 7 )

s t u d y "
n o t

s u r v e y s

5

6 0 0

e s t i m

in t e n d e d ,

r e q u i r e s

t h e

a t e s

s h o w n

h o w
u s e

1 3 ,0 1 0

( 7 )

e v e r ,
o f

in
t o

t h is

t a b le

s e r v e

e s t a b lis h m

a s

e n t

p r o v i d e

a

b a s i s

d a t a

c o m

a
o f

r e a s o n a b ly
c o m

p i l e d

p a r i s o n

c o n s i d e r ­

s u r v e y .
o u t le t s

o f f i c e

a n d

(w it h in

p la n t

t h e

a r e a )

o f

c o m

p a n i e s

in

s u c h

i n d u s t r i e s

a s

t r a d e ,

c a t e g o r i e s .

t r a n s p o r t a t i o n .

o n ly .
a u t o m

o b il e

r e p a i r

s h o p s ;

r a d io

b r o a d c a s t i n g

a n d

t e l e v i s i o n ;

m

o t io n

p i c t u r e ;

n o n p r o f it

m

e m

b e r s h i p

o r g a n i z a t i o n s ;

a n d

s e r v i c e s .

d iv i s i o n

p r e s e n t a t i o n




m

t e c h n i c a l ,

t o

m

w it h

H u d s o n ,

p o s i t i o n

s t u d ie d

a n d

a r c h i t e c t u r a l

( E s s e x ,

c o m
t o

e n t s

t a x i c a b s ,

r e l a t e s

—

A r e a

s i z e

p e r s o n a l

in d u s t r y

s e p a r a t e

e s t a t e

t h e

e x e c u t i v e ,

a t e

o t e ls ;

r e a l

e s t a b lis h m

e x c l u d e s

6

T h is

t h e

a l l

r e p a ir

4

7

o f

p lo y m

o f

I n c lu d e s

a n d

a r k - J e r s e y

e m

a d v a n c e

e n g in e e r in g

ju s t i f y

_____________________________________________________________________

d e s c r i p t i o n

w it h

2

N

8 2 ,7 2 0

_________

a n d

in s u r a n c e ,

T h e

1 6 0 ,0 4 0

6 3 ,1 0 0

_____________________________________________________________________

5 1

1

1 9 6 ,3 0 0

7 0 0

r a i l r o a d s ) ,

1 0 1

a c c u r a t e

2 4 2 ,7 6 0

1 4 1

s t o r e s )

o t a l 3

2 5 9 ,4 0 0

5 8 4

-------------------------------

v a r i e t y
F in a n c e ,

T

6 9 ,2 0 0

4 7 9

t r a d e

t r a d e

1 ,0 6 3

-

( e x c l u d i n g

S t u d ie d

P la n t

1 0 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

s t u d y

f f i c e

_

u n ic a t i o n ,

h o le s a le

O

________________________________________________________________________

a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------

N o n m

o f

2

_

_

s c o p e

S t u d ie d

o f

o f
s t u d y

s t u d y

A ll

it h in

e n t
s c o p e

in

i s
o f

r e p r e s e n t e d

d a t a .

in

e s t im

a t e s

f o r

" a l l

in d u s t r i e s "

a n d

" n o n m

a n u f a c t u r in g "

in

t h e

S e r i e s

A

a n d

B

t a b l e s ,

a lt h o u g h

c o v e r a g e

w a s

i n s u f f i c i e n t

t o

3
W age
T a b u la te d
c a l w o rk e rs ,

and

F o r
w e e k ly
s c h e d u le

fo r
th e

e x c lu d in g
d a y s,
k ey

w h ic h

ea ch

in d e x ;

10

th e

p la n t

an d

g iv e n

y e a r

to

(1 0 0 )

to

get

m o st

th e

and

S ee

w e e k ly

s a la r ie s

o f th e

s e le c te d

o r

w ere

a g g re g a te
in d e x

T A B L E

fo r

a n d th e
fo r

2 :

I n d e x e s

th e jo b .

th e

of

b a se

g iv e n

w ere

T he

an

th e

in d e x e s
th e

jo b s

s t a n d a r d
N

w e e k l y

th e

s a l a r i e s
C it y ,

f o r

N .

J

in

a

lo w e r

a ls o

in c lu d e d

oth er

a rea

a

to

in

th e

th e

even

in

jo b ;

fo r c e
in

w h erea s

h ave

th e

th e

a

e m p lo y m e n t

w e ig h t s

in

r e ­

la b o r
m ig h t
o c c u ­

r e d u c t io n
o f

out

ch an ge

(3 )

s p e c ific

le v e ls .

no

g en era l
pay

e x p a n s io n
a

p r o p o r t io n
p ay

and

o p p o s ite

e s t a b lis h m e n t

th ou g h

(l)

sam e
A

in d e x ,
in

o f

in c re a s e s

w o rk e rs

d iffe r e n t

h ig h -p a y in g
d rop ,

in

w o u ld

s h ifts

w it h

e ffe c ts

oth er

p a id

w o rk e rs
by

th e

o r

r e d u c t io n .

lo w e r

d rop

p a id

a ffe c te d

o f

in d e x

or

o f

e s t a b lis h m e n t s

m ov em en t

m e r it
w h ile

e x p a n s io n

r e s u lt

p r in c ip a lly

(2 )

w o rk e rs

p r o p o r t io n

a re

th e
T he

w o rk e rs

e m ­

F o r
o f

in

e ffe c t.

an

ra tes

e x a m p le ,
a rea

c o u ld

o ccu rre d

in

e s ta b lis h m e n ts .

o f

fo r

m on th ,

fo r

in

a re

b a sed

. ,

o f f i c e
D

b e r

1 9 5 4

con sta n t

p r o p o r tio n

in d e x .

N or

s c h e d u le s

on

pay

fo r

o f

w o rk e rs

a re

o r

in

th e

in d e x e s

p r e m iu m

s tr a ig h t-tim e

e lim in a t e s

re p re se n te d

in

in flu e n c e d

pay

fo r

th e

each
by

e ffe c ts
jo b

in ­

ch an ges

o v e r t im e ,

s in c e

h o u rs.

In d ex es
la b o r

m a rk ets,

a n d
a n d

a v e r a g e
D

e c e m

17

1 9 5 5

th e

L a b or

s t r a i g h t - t i m

b e r

fo r

a n d

e

p e r io d

a p p ea red

1952
B L S

to

1 9 5 4 -5 5 .

e a r n in g s

s e l e c t e d

o f

f o r

in c r e a s e

f o r

1955

B u ll.

M a rk ets,

h o u r ly

p e r c e n t

in

s e l e c t e d

p la n t

fo r

w o rk e rs

1172,

W ages

o c c u p a t io n a l

in

17

and

g r o u p s

m a jo r
R e la te d

2

p e r i o d s

I n d e x e s
( N
I n d u s t r y

a n d

o c c u p a t io n a l

o v e m

b e r

P e r c e n t

1 9 5 2 -1 0 0 )

g r o u p
D e c e m

b e r

D

e c e m

D

e c e m

D

e c e m

b e r

1 9 5 4

D

e c e m

1 9 5 5

D

e c e m

b e r

t o

A

l l

N

i n c r e a s e s
o v e m

f r o m

1 9 5 2

—
N

o v e m

N

o v e m

t o

t o

b e r

b e r

b e r

1 9 5 4

D

e c e m

b e r

1 9 5 1

N o v e m

b e r

1 9 5 2

D e c e m

b e r

t o

b e r

1 9 5 3

f f i c e

c l e r i c a l

S k il le d
U

m

(w o m

e n )

a in t e n a n c e

n s k i lle d

p la n t

(m

(m

_

e n )

_

e n )

1 1 4 .0

1 0 9 .

8

3 .

3 .9

5 .

7 .0

2 2 .0

1 1 5 .4

1 0 9 .

5

5 .4

3 .

7

5 .6

3 .9

2 0 .0

1 1 8 .2

1 1 1 .

5

6 .0

4 .

2

7 .

1

6 .9

2 6 .4

8

8

7

a n u fa c t u r in g :
O

f f i c e

c l e r i c a l

S k il le d
U

m

n s k i lle d

1

(w o m

a in t e n a n c e
p la n t

B a s e d
O

o n

(m

(m

___________________________________ ________________
e n )

__________________________
_

f o r

c l e r i c a l
B

__

e n )

d a t a

f f i c e

e n )

i l l e r s ,

th e

f o l l o w

( w o m
m

p t o m

a c h in e

e t e r

_

i n g

1 1 3 .9

1 0 9 .

3 .

8

3 .

7

5 .9

6 .

2

2 1 .0

1 1 5 .

7

1 0 9 .4

5 .

8

3 .

7

5 .

5

4 .

1

2 0 .

1 2 0 .

1

1 1 2 .

6 .9

4 .

1

7 .

8

8 .

2

3 0 .0

j o b s :

3

2

e n ) :

B o o k k e e p i n g - m
C o m

_______

B a s e d

o n

d a t a

S k il le d
( b il lin g

a c h i n e

m

a c h in e )

o p e r a t o r s ,

m

f o r

th e

A

o p e r a t o r s

a n d

B

a c h in is t s
e c h a n ic s

o r d e r

M

e c h a n ic s ,

p a y r o l l

M

il lw r ig h t s

f i l e ,

C

l e r k s ,

C

l e r k s ,

K

e y - p u n c h

O

f f i c e

c l a s s

A

a n d

B

o p e r a t o r s

a u t o m

o t iv e

P a in t e r s

g i r l s

P i p e f i t t e r s

S e c r e t a r i e s

S h e e t - m

S t e n o g r a p h e r s ,

g e n e r a l

T o o l

S w it c h b o a r d

o p e r a t o r s

S w it c h b o a r d

o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s

T a b u la t in g - m

j o b s :

e n ) :

E l e c t r i c i a n s
M

l e r k s ,

( m

C a r p e n t e r s

c l a s s

M

C

f o ll o w in g

a in t e n a n c e

a c h i n e

 T r a n s c r i b i n g - m
T y p i s t s ,
c l a s s


U n s k ille d

a n d

o p e r a t o r s ,
B

d ie

J a n it o r s ,

o p e r a t o r s

a c h i n e
A

e t a l

a n d
p la n t

L a b o r e r s ,
g e n e r a l

W

a t c h m

e n

( m

w
m

o r k e r s
a k e r s

e n ) :

p o r t e r s ,
m

a t e r ia l

a n d

c l e a n e r s

h a n d lin g

1 9 5 1

t o

b e r

i n d u s t r i e s :
O

M

1 9 5 3

b e r

1 9 5 4

1 9 5 5

in

th e y

a

in d e x

c l e r i c a l 1

e c e m

of

th e

w ork

w in t e r

y ea r

u se

in
th e

sta n d a rd

ea ch
fo r

ch a n ges

c lu d e d

1952

e a r n in g s

b a se

T h e

w e re

B e n e fits ,

a r k - J e r s e y

fo r c e

o f

by
th e

y e a r.

in

and

ca u se

a g g reg a tes

(s u r v e y
by

o r

in c re a s e

s a la r ie s

a g g reg a te

grou p

p e r io d

tu rn ov er

p lo y e d

m ea su re

ch a n g es;

in d iv id u a l

c le r ic a l

e a r n in g s
a v e ra g e

w e ig h te d

o b ta in

by

h o li­

a v e ra g e o f N ov em b er

th ese

c e iv e d

in d e x e s
w age

2.

h o u r ly

m u ltip lie d

o f

e w

o ffic e

jo b s

and

p r o p o r t io n

s e le c te d

im p o r ta n t

th e

ta b le

T h ese

to

r a t io

r e s u lt

th e

u n s k ille d

b y th e

added

th e

in

s a la r y

p a tio n

w ork er

e a r n in g s ,

fo r

G rou p s

T h e

w ork

on w e e k e n d s,

n u m e r ic a lly

a v era g e

c le r i­

a v era g e

p la n t

d a ta

O c c u p a t io n a l

g rou p s.

to

h o u r ly

on

to

S e le c te d

sta n d a rd

F o r

w ork

o c c u p a tio n s .

in

th a n

F in a lly ,

p a id .

in c lu d e d

fo o tn o te s

w e r e th e n m u ltip lie d
e m p lo y m e n t

th e

b a sed

3

o ffic e

r e la te

is ,

fo r

w o rk e r

th a t

fo r

a re

in d e x e s .

p la n t

in d e x e s
a re

and

in d e x e s
o f

of w om en

s tr a ig h t-tim e

jo b s

com p u ted
th e

in

m a in te n a n c e

1953

th e

s a la r ie s

o v e r t im e

in c lu d e

g rou p .

1 9 5 2 -5 3 ) w a s

fo r

th e

w ork ,

ch a n g es

T h e

o c c u p a tio n s

o c c u p a tio n a l

o f

w ere

e a r n in g s

in d iv id u a l

h ou rs

jo b s

ea ch

D e ce m b e r

s e le c te d

E ig h te e n

w o rk e r

fo r

o r h o u r ly

p ay

and

A v e ra g e
com p u ted

s a la r ie s

of

m e a su re

g rou p .

s k ille d

of

s t r a ig h t-t im e

s h ifts .

o c c u p a tio n s

in d e x e s
e a r n in g s

w o rk e rs ,

n o rm a l

p r e m iu m
la te

a re

c le r ic a l

fo r

in d e x e s

and

w ith in
in

o ffic e

s a la r ie s

g ro u p s,

b e lo w

o f a v e ra g e

T ren d s

5

1 9 5 5




5

A : Occupational Earnings

Table A-1: Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Newark-Jersey City, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—•

Average
o c c u p a tio n ,

a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n

Weekly

Weekly * 3 0 J 0 3 5 .0 0
earnings
■
(Standard) (Standard) u n d e r
3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 0 0

4 0 .0 0
■

4 5 .0 0
■

o
o
o

Sex,

Number
of
workers

$
5 5 .0 0

5
$
6 0 . 00 * 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0
~
“
|
|

6 0 .0 0

6 5 . 00

“

4 5 . 00 5 0 . 00

5 5 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

7 5 .0 0

8 0 .0 0
|

M en
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ---------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * --------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ----------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * --------------------------------------------------------------------

543
301
242
47
103
51

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .0
3 5 .5
3 9 .5
3 6 .0

$
8 6. 50
8 6 . 00
8 7 . 00
8 2 .0 0
9 6 .0 0
7 9. 50

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ---------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g
----------------------------------------------------------------

381
147

3 9 .0
"3 9 .0

77. 00
6 8 . So

M a n u f a c t u r in g
---------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------

461
234
227
204

3 8 .5
T 9 j5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5

8 0 . 50
8 1 .5 0
7 9 .5 0
8 1 .0 0

C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ---------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g
----------------------------------------------------------------

177
133 "

3 9 .0
3 9 .5

8 3 .0 0
8 37 50

O f f i c e b o y s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g — :----------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * --------------------------------------------------------------------

530
226
304
26
162

3 8 .0
T O
3 7 .5
3 5 .5
3 7 .5

4 6 . 50
4 8 . 50
4 5 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
4 4 .0 0

T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s --------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------------

4 89
“ 2TR5
289

3 8 .0
3 7 .5

7 3 .0 0
" 7 7 .1 0 “
7 0 .0 0

B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) -------------M a n u f a c t u r in g
---------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
-----------------------------------------------------

383
217
166

3 7. 5
3 8 .0
3 7 .0

6 0. 00
5 6. 50
6 4 . 50

B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b o o k k e e p in g
m a c h i n e ) — ------------—--------------------------- -------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------- •-------------------------

142
— 5B
84

_
_
-

-

_
_
-

3
1
2

-

-

-

-

2

1
-

9
1

_

_
.

-

1

-

-

-

-

_

|

44
20
24
8
8
7

73
53
20
7
2
8

65
43
22
5
14
1

98
38
60
6
34
20

-

-

-

4

4

3

10
8

35
24

39
23

63
39

24
13

19
12

16
7

122
17

2

2
-

10
3"

28

-

12
12

24
2
22
22

31
15
16
16

44

100
44
56
55

107
72
35
34

44
19
25
25

23
13
10
4

6
2
4
4

12

16
16

12
12

22
17

39
34

14
12

18

8
8

7
7

-

.

-

-

-

_
-

12
6
6
2

26
13
13
7

j|

80
42
38
6
5
2

-

7
3
4

s
|s
!$
1$
s
s
*
8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 j 9 0 . 0 0 9 5.0 0 | 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .00 1 30 .00 *13 5.0 0
■
“
and
8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 o v e r

50
4U ~
10
2
6
-

31
27
4
_

3
-

-

-

-

-

-

21
4
17
2

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9
4

1
1

14
ll

7
5

19
15

55
6
49

130
68
62
2
32

101
45
56
2
45

93
5(5'
43
4
18

52
19
33
10
10

22
11
11

10
5
5

6
5
1

-

-

-

26

61
17
44
8
25

3

3

-

-

-

.

_

4

17

-

-

-

-

“

”

4

17

15
4
11

26
18
8

60
7
53

107
31
76

61
21
34

52
21
25

42
" " Z ff
14

71
32
39

3
-

22
17
5

43
29
14

90
41
49

75
43
32

47
42
5

40
33
7

15
6
9

11
6
5

6

-

6

6
6

6
6

5

4
1
3

30
8
22

9
8

26
9
17

42
'*""17
25

9
5
4

8
5
3

5
5

-

46

37
5
32
27

31
7
24
18

66
27
39
34

63
40
23
20

53
38
15
9

21
13
8
3

14
14

127
59
68
21
40

118
55
63
20
40

102
40
62
3
39

30
25
5

12
ll
1

5

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

48
24
24
21

69
41
28
13

69
39
30
4

88
65
23
5

68
55
13
3

10
2
8
6

7
-

3

7

2
1

-

'

_

28

-

1

-

22
7
15
4
11

20
4
16

4
_

4

4
2
2

_

2
2
-------- T -------1
2

_

_

_

_

_

14
-

2
-

2
-

_

_

-

-

_

_

'

-

-

-

-

- j

15
10
5
5

10
5
5
5

8
8

.

_
_

-

-

-

1

12

2
2

1
1

1
1

-

-

-

-

1

1

_

_

_

.

_

-

_

_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7
4
3

2

_

_

-

_
-

_

-

_
-

-

-

2

“

"

“

4
4

-

-

-

-

-

5

3

2

_

_

-

-

-

“

■

»
-

-

-

12
IT)
2

13
12
1

5

1
1

1

-

-

_

4 !
j
4
J
4

_
-

-

2

_
.

-

'

W om en

B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s A -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e * *
-----------------------------------------------------------------B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s B —--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
----------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ---------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * --------------------------------------------------------------------

3 38
—
194
163

851
T T7—
5 74
80
439

5 7 .0 0
3 8 .0
" 3 7 . 0 ..... “ 5 8 7 8 0 "
5 5 .5 0
3 8 .5

37. 5
"3 8 . 5
3 7 .0
3 6 .5

6 2 .0 0
6 8 . 00
5 7 .0 0
5 6 .0 0

3 7 .0
1S75“ "
3 6 .5
3 9 .5
3 6 .0

5 4 .0 0
59. 00
5 1 .5 0
5 6 . 50
5 0 .0 0

6 05
3 8 .5
“ 1 5 1 ----- 1 8 7 0 —
37. 5
254
3 7 .0
124

7 1. 50
737 50
6 8 .0 0
6 1 .0 0

-

3

.

7

-

-

-

7

.
.

_

-

-

2

49

-

-

_

2

49

7

1

-

-

7
6

46
46

120
9
111

137
' 38
8
77

149
37
112
23
83

32
1
31
31

34
5
29
21

_

_

-

2

48

109

_

.

_

-

-

"

-

99

'

-

_
*

84
6l
23
12

-

2

_

-

-

-

■

2




3

2

_

-

_

-

“

_

.

-

-

-

-

-

"

-

■

-

-

_

.

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

■

~

■

"

"

"

“

"

-

-

4
3
1

1

.

_

_

_

_

_

.

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

-

1

3

_

.

_

-

-

-

1

3

-

-

-

>
-

”

“

-

“

1

87
5 !T "
32
7

“

i

See footnote at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.

5

.

-

1
t
1

_________1
O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y ,

N e w a r k -J e r s e y C it y , N . J . , D e c e m b e r 19 5 5
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s

6

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Newark-Jersey City, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

Average
Sex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

$
s
s
|s
is
s
$
$
$
!$
$
is
is
$
$
—
S
$
Weekly
Weekly
3 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 . 00 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 ; 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 | 1 0 0 .0 0 1 05 .00 11 1 0.0 0; 11 5 .0 0 *120.00 1 2 5 .0 0 *130.001*135.00
hours
earnings
and
and
'
(Standard) (Standard) u n d e r
3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 5 0 . 00 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 70. 00! 7 5 . 00 8 0. 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 ll0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 111 5 .0 0 11 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 135.00; o v e r
T
j
!

W o m e n - C o n t in u e d

C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B
----------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -----------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 --------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * ---------------------------------------------------------------

961
47TT“
491
108
94
122
119

3 8 .0
38. 5
37. 5
37. 5
38. 5
3 7 .0
36. 5

$
5 8 . 50
5 9 . 00
5 8 .0 0
5 7 . 50
6 1 . 50
5 8 .0 0
5 6 .0 0

386
98
288
182

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .0
37. 5

5 7.
58;
56.
53.

C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B --------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g
------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
-------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------F in a n c e * *
---------------------------------------------

1 ,2 0 0
377
823
68
552

3 8 .0
3 8 .5
37. 5
3 9 .5
37. 5

4 7 . 50
5 1 .5 6
4 6 .0 0
4 5 . 50
4 4 .0 0

C l e r k s , o r d e r -----------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g
------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -----------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 ---------------------------------------

449
2 33
216
154
56

38. 5
3 8 .5
38. 5
38. 5
38. 5

6 0 .0 0
6 4 . 06
5 6 .0 0
5 7. 50
5 1 .5 0

C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A --------- ~
M a n u f a c t u r in g
------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------F i n a n c e * * ------------------------

00
56
50
50

C l e r k s , p a y r o l l -----------M a n u f a c t u r in g
—
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

906
73(5
176

38. 5
3 8 :'5
37. 5

6 3 . 50
6 4 .0 0
6 1 .5 0

C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e -------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 2 ------------------------------------------------------

9 48
483
4 65
172
201

3 8 .0
3 8 .6
37. 5
38. 5
37. 5

6 3 . 50
6 4. 66
6 3 . 50
6 7 . 00
5 8 .0 0

D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s
( m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------------------

88
57

3 8 .0
3 7 .5

5 4 .0 0
5 1 . 50

K e y -p u n c h o p e r a t o r s M a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g W h o le s a le t r a d e
F i n a n c e * * -------------

981
456
52 5
98
299

3 8 .0
38. 5
37. 5
38. 5
3 7 .0

5 8 . 50
6 o .6 o
5 7 .0 0
5 9 .0 0
5 8 .0 0

O f f i c e g i r l s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g
------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * -----------------------------------------------F i n a n c e * * -----------------------------------------------------------------

4 48
HR
344
31
195

37. 5
3 9 .0
37. 5
36. 5
3 ,3

4 5 .0 0
4 7 . 50
4 4 .0 0
4 3 . 50
4 1 .0 0

1

_

1

-

_
-

_

.
-

-

-

7

84
l5
69

7

-

-

3

66

1

2

-

-

1

2

1

2
.

-

-

2

1

23
5
18
4

139
42
97
31
9
23
24

9
'

237
141
96
16
29
24
22

173
88
85
14
16
12
39

2
3
-

-

3
2
1

1

3
1
2
1

458
68
390
39
295

226
85
141
6
116

200
94
106
17
52

123
54
69
5
20

46
28
18

37
17
20

6
4
2

-

-

-

.

-

-

12
11
1
1
-

-

-

32
5
27
8
19

61
36
25
15
10

91
48
43
33
7

85
17
68
61
4

31
25
6
4
2

24
17
7

52
83
19
18
1

27
12
15
12
3

13
12
1
1
-

9
7
2
2

-

-

-

-

.
10
3
1
1

1 j

- 1
1 |
!

j

-

-

-

„
-

_

_

_

-

-

_

-

-

16
16

5
5

_

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

33
'2 5
8
5
•

13
11

19
14

13
9

23
12

8

_

_

_

_

_

*

■

-

-

107
51
56
5
49

10
9
1
1

3
3
-

3
3
-

-

-

.
-

_
-

_
-

>
-

-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

99
34
65
12
19

149
6o
89
4
65

263
129
134
18
77

251

-

35
5
30
4
10

46

30
6
24
14
6

145
33
112
1
110

124
37
87
13
20

80
14
66
3
14

18
9
9

5
5

_

See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.

118
138
49
79

-

59
48
11
4
-

_

'

-

-

_

75
50
25
12
11

1
1
-

_
_

_

122
52
70
52
15

_

;
!

_
~

1

-

125
73
52
26
14

_
-

.
-

203
130
73
10
53

~

_
_

.

178
73
105
31
51

4
------T

_

_
-

-

101
56
45
8
20

8
8

-

_

58
22
36
13
19

.

'

-

15

-

-

_

49
41
8

-

_
.
-

-

132
114
18

15

_

_
_
_
-

_

145
116
29

1

_

-

-

-

144
134
10

-

-

-

1
1

123
94
29

-

-

-

140
102
38

2

_

-

56
86
26

-

_

-

j

j

>

_
.
-

29
26
3

15

41
10 ’
1

- ;

1

16
7
9
6

7

10

1

1

-

51
16
35
3

1

45

-

21
2
19
6
10
2
*

48
12
36
21

-

-

19
14
5

40
14
26
17

-

46

47
30
17
1
4
9
-

117
28
94
72

2

-

|
68
84
34
2
2
15
4

95
22
73
58

.

-

!

j

1
1

'




156
80
76
18
17
13
21

I
!
76 :
34
42
16
4
12
9

_

-

i

-

i

-

-

-

_

_

_

-

.
_

-

_

.
_
-

-

"

-

_

_

!

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

|

-

'

24
20
4

12
10
2

18
2
16
15
•

2

1

_

1

3

1

1

l

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

1

-

-

7

1

3

-

-

1
-

1
-

1
_

_
.

*

.

7

'

6
1
5

5
2
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

"

“

-

_

_

_

_

.

.

_

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“

-

_
-

_

-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

'

1

1
1
_

-

t~
-

-

_
-

.
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

_
-

_

_
_

.
r

!

j
!
i________1;________1

_

7

Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in Newark-Jersey City, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

Average

o
o

S
8
$
!Is
%
8
$
S
$
8
$
$
s
i8
$
c—
|$
S
S
s
*
1$
Weekly
Weekly
3 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 . 00 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 5 .0 0 : 70. 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 0 0 !
i 9 0 .0 0
9 5 .0 0 1 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00! 110.00111 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 125 .00 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .00
hours
earnings
and
(Standard) (Standard) u n d e r
an d
i
3 5 . 00 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 70. OOl 7 5 .0 0 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 L100.00 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 . 0 o l l l 5 . o d l 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 30 .00 1 3 5 .0 0 o v e r
03

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of
workers

Women - Continued
S e cre ta rie s -----------------------------M anufacturing--------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------Public utilities * -----------W holesale t r a d e -----------Retail trade 2 ----------------Finance * * ----------------------

3 ,3 5 2
2 ,0 8 2
1 ,2 70
208
147
77
548

3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 7. 5
36. 5
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .0

Stenographers, general -------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------Public utilities * ----------------------------Wholesale trade ----------------------------Retail trade 2 ----------------------------------Finance **----------------------------------------

2 ,6 7 6
1 ,4 3 6
1 ,2 4 0
305
218
57
493

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .0
3 6 .0
3 8 .0
3 8 .0
3 7 .0

6 1 .5 0
6 3 .0 0
5 9 . 50
6 1 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
5 7 .0 0
5 5. 50

Stenographers, technical ----------------M anufacturing------------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------------

237
96
141

3 9 .0
38. 5
3 9 .0

6 6 .0 0
6 1 .0 0
6 9 .0 0

-

-

Switchboard o p e r a t o r s ---------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------------Public utilities * ---------------------Retail trade 2 --------------------------Finance * * --------------------------------

572
2TTT
362
60
66
141

3 8. 5
38. 5
38. 5
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
36. 5

5 9 . 50
6 4 . 00
5 7 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
5 6 .0 0

3
3
-

9
9
_
8

Switchboard o p e ra to r-re ce p tio n ists -------M anu factu ring---- -------------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------------------Public utilities * ----------------------------W holesale tr a d e -----------------------------Finance * * --------------------------------------

818
4 58
360
39
129
73

38. 5
38. 5
38. 5
4 0 .0
3 8 .0
3 7 .0

5 7 .5 0
"57750
5 8 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
6 1 .5 0
6 0 .0 0

_

Tabulating-machine operators —
M anufacturing------------------------N onm anufacturing-------------------

445
1 S3
262

37. 5
3 9 .0
36. 5

6 3 .5 0
6 8 . 00
6 0 .0 0

Transcribing-m achine operators,
general -------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------Finane e * * ---------------------------

419
1 *74
245
168

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
38. 5
37. 5

5 6 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
5 3 .0 0

Typists, class A ------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------N onm anufacturing------------------Finance**-----------------------------

1, 148
734
414
2 50

3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 8 .0
3 7 .0

Typists, class B ------Manufacturing ------Nonmanufacturing Public utilities *
Wholesale trade
Retail trade 2 —
Finance * * --------

2 ,9 2 2
1, 111
1 ,8 1 1
2 69
2 53
64
1 ,0 4 9

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .5
3 6 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .0

-

1
1
1
-

39
5
34
6
3
22

60
17
43
7
11
8

174
113
61
2
12
8
30

3 64 ji 514
2 17
329
185
147
18
11
12
36
6
10
80
86

5
5
5
-

4
4
1
.
3

16
1
15
4
_
11

257
93
164
48
9
2
105

434
232
202
38
31
8
118

531
2 33
298
72
73
20
102

4 32
218
214
42
47
10
73

450
271
179
21
24
10
76

-

_
-

-

17
8
9

41
33
8

59
33
26

61

-

1
.
1

41
2
39
21
2

59
18
41
>
14
16

84
4
80
3
9
41

81
26
55
9
10
35

104
64
40
7
6
23

-

28
14
14
_
-

-

-

-

78
49
29
8
_
1

194
123
71
11
18
14

195
101
94
12
32
18

151
73
78
7
40
19

83
40
43
_
12
21

_
-

-

-

“

-

-

39
3
36

73
12
61

82
32
50

24
3
21

133
72
61

27
14
13
12

66
47

95
29
66
43

73
46
27
22

52
36
16
15

47
40
25

3

12
4
8

-

4
4
4

82

-

-

-

5 8 .5 0
'5 9 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
5 4 .0 0

-

.
-

23
4
19
9

137
80
57
38

236

312
238
74
49

227
143
84
49

118
74
44
11

48
39
9
1

39
35
4

5 1 .0 0
"53760
4 9 . 50
5 4 .0 0
5 4 . 50
4 7 .5 0
4 7 .0 0

12’
12

4 44
77
367
10
48
13
293

838
"3 6 5
538
69
40

758
326
432
73
75
26
227

491
139
2 52
74
24

208
122
86
32
22

47
24
23
5
16

27
22
5
1
2

-

-

-

-

_

65
65

_

_

5

5

7

59

16

7

363

116
120
93

'

5 17
554
3 W 1' TT8
166
199
12
36
32
22
3
13
88
88
270

3 94
227
167
39
9
7
6.

292
TOO-1 h
92
18
8
10
39

I t

24
■$ ■

69
34
15
1
5

167
116
51
38
7
1
-

45

11
1
10

19
3
16

23

102
42
60
36
1
7

42
30
12
5
4
2

27
17
10
_
_
3

57
35
22
1
18
-

23
14
9
_

16

1

4

2

-

85

15

"

r

57 i
32“ !
25
15
4
_
2

1
1
_

_
i
- !
_

_
_

_
_
_
_
_

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
.

* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.

34 i
13
11
4
1
_
_
-

23
6
6
_

15
1
5
_

-

-

-

-

25

2
2

1
1

.
-

-

-

14
5
9
_
.
4

6
2
4
1

_
-

.
_
-

_
.
-

.
-

-

“

-

9
-

5
5
.
_

3
3
_
_

.
-

_
_

-

-

-

48
25
29 1 T i
4
19

14
6
8

2
2
-

2
2

2
2
-

2
2
-

21
'

?3
63
30
11
2
3
5

7
6
1
1
_

ZUl

j!

175
i rs
57
10
7
1
26

18

2

2 '

‘

_
-

-

32
9
23
12
_
1
2

_
_

_
_
_
-

-

-

-

_
_

1
1
_
_
_

-

-

2
2

1
1
-

2
2

26
------- 5-1
21
6
_
_
10

>
_

20
14
6
1
2
_

3
- 3
_
.
_

_
_

1

-

-

-

.
_
_

_
_
.
_
_
_

_
_
.
_
_

_
_
.
_
_
_

-

-

_

_
|

^
!

-

-

-

_
_

_
_
>
_

_
_
.
_

i

-

-

|

.
_
.

_
.
.
>

.
_
_

_

_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_

_
_
_

_
.
_
-

-

_
_
.
_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

>
-

_
.

_
_

.
_

-

-

-

“

-

-

_
-

.
_
_

.
_
-

.
_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1
-

-

-

.
_

_

_

.

_
_

-

-

_

_

-

-

_

.

-

i

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

28
1
27
5
22

-

4
-

_

_

-

_
-

_

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

4

-

_

-

_
_

_

-

.
-

_

-

-

-

-

4

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

.

_

_

-

-

-

-

2

_

-

"

i

-

_
_

■

j
2
!------- ; —

_
_

.
-

-

1
n
-

-

2
i

"

I

.
.

5
3 r
2

1 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
2 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.




i
!

!

$
7 5. 50
7 5 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
8 2 . 50
7 3 .0 0
6 8 .5 0
7 3 .0 0

-

-

_
_

-

_
_

_

_

_

_
_

_
_

_

_

_

-

-

.

-

8

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955)
N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F -

Avskaqx
Number

S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , an d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

of

workers

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

$
s
U n d e r 5 5. 00 6 0 . 0 0
an d
u
n
d
e
r
I s . 00
6 0 . 00 6 5 . 0 0

S
$
s
$
6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 0 0
7 0 . 00

7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 .0 0

$
8 5 .0 0

*
t
S
$
S
*
$
S
S
S
1
$
»
*
9 0 . 00 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .00 1 0 5 .00 11 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 155. 00
an d

9 0 . 00 9 5 . 0 0 100 .00 105 .00 1 1 0 .00 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0

over

M en
D r a ft s m e n , l e a d e r __
M a n u fa c tu r in g _

___ _

__________

.

193
125

39. 5
3$. 0

$
129. 50
123. 50

D r a ft s m e n , s e n i o r __
______ __________
M a n u f a c t u r in g _______ _______________ __
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -----------— _____________

851
3 9 . 0 1 0 0 .0 0
6V F ~ " 39 "5 “ 9 9 7 W
3 8 . 5 1 0 3 .0 0
189

D r a ft s m e n , j u n i o r --------------- ------------ ----M a n u f a c t u r in g -----------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g _______________________

556
46 3
93

39. 5
39. 8
39. 0

T r a c e r s . __ . . __ _____ _________ ______
M a n u f a c t u r in g ___________________________

69
69

315
269

_
_

_
_

_

_
-

_

_
_

.
_

_

3
3

72
3

77
50
27

106
89
17

81
73
8

2
2

7
7

6
6

54
54

5
5

11
5

15
8

7
2

19
3

31
7

2
2

3
2

28
±19

77

150
—O 3
17

75
61
14

58
24
34

33
19
14

18
13
5

14
8
6

28
14
14

13
9
4

11
11

-

20
20
-

-

-

17
1
16

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

'

-

2
i
i

7
5
2

9
7
2

71. 50
70. §0
78. 50

15
11
4

26
22
4

106
96
10

151
137
14

60
48
12

93
72
21

56
51
5

15
14
1

4
4
"

-

9
3
6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 9 .0
3 9 .0

5 8 .0 0
5 8. 00

5
5

47
47

14
14

3
3

_

.

_

_

.

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

*

*

"

-

"

“

_

"

“

”

"

"

■

39. 0
39. 5

7 4 . 50
74. 50

1
1

9
5

38
35

41
38

27
22

30
25

1

2
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

—

w ~

■

—

W

21
4

4

-

W om en
N u r s e s , i n d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) __________
M a n u f a c t u r in g ___ ________________________

“

68
59“

64
52

25
21

9
8

1

-

1 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
* W orkers were distributed as follows: 17 at $155 to $165; 2 at $170 to $185.




Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , D ecem ber 1955
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

9

Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s on a n a r e a b a s i s
in N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y , N . J. , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1 95 5)
N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S OF—

O c c u p a t io n a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ - _______________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g - _____________________
P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ____________________

Number
of
workers

76 4
636~~
128
50

Average
hourly
earnings

$
2 .4 3
2 .3 9
2 .6 4
2 .4 9

1 ,2 9 3
1, 130
163

2 .5 1
2 .4 8
2 .7 7

E n g i n e e r s , s t a t io n a r y — _________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________ _______________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g
__ __
__ _

763
4 66
297

2 .5 2
2. 54
2 .4 8

F i r e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r ______________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ---------------------------------P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ____________________

718
553
165
26

H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________
M a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ------------------------------

E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e _______________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _________________________

$
$
$
s
$
S
$
S
$
$
$
s
$
$
*
s
s
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
U nder 1. 10 1 .2 0 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2 . 30 2 . 4 0 2 . 50 2 . 60 2 . 70 2 . 8 0 2 . 9 0 3 . 00 3 . 10 3 .2 0 3 . 30 3 .4 0 3 . 5 0
and
$
an d
1. 10 u n d e r
1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1. 60 r _L-7Q. ...i«J.o 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0
i o 2 . 2 0 2 . 30 2. 40 2 . 50 2 . 6 0 2 . 7 0 2 . 80 2 . 90 3 . 00 3. 10 3 . 20 3 . 30 3 .4 0 3. 50 o v e r

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

_
-

-

-

7
7
-

1
1
-

34
34
-

63
61
2
-

43
41
2
1

47
46
1
1

79
69
10
6

80
67
13
6

67
60
7
3

78
49
29
25

85
77
8
8

57
43
14

86
86
-

1
1

10
1
9

17
1
16

3
3

_
-

-

_
-

2
2

9
9

13
13

-

-

74
70
4

170
162
8

170
153
17

119
108
11

270
258
12

124
79
45

35
30
5

89
88
1

1

22
1
21

7
7

-

61
60
1

1

-

27
24
3

-

-

29
27
2

-

7

17

-

3

3

c

4

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

3

5

-

7

7

4

3

17

82
64
18

38
31
7

41
32
9

28
21
7

58
51
7

56
35
21

76
36
40

45
33
12

39
37
2

136
40
96

12
12
-

11
8
3

19
9
10

2 .0 2
2 .0 4
1 .9 5
2 .0 7

12
12

-

14
14

45
42
3

28
l6
12

-

6
6

17
17

-

35
30
5
5

-

“

36
24
12
8

_
-

-

101
82
19
1

50
36
14

-

57
45
12
4

37
33
4

-

69
6o
9
8

28
28
-

-

28
14
14
“

88
85
3

-

25
16
9
"

1 ,2 6 8
1 ,0 4 8
220
153

1 .9 3
1 .9 5
1 .8 7
1 .7 9

5
5
-

_
-

_
. -

6
2
4
-

25
8
17
13

98
85
13
9

156
145
11
9

103
75
28
26

286
199
87
87

84
80
4
-

36
31
5
1

99
78
21
8

353
336
17

1
1
-

13
13

_
-

.
-

_
-

2
2

1
1

M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m ------M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________

666
666

2 .3 7
2 .3 7

.

_

_

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

-

-

6
6

3
3

20
20

67
67

152
152

124
124

112
112

113
113

45
45

8
8

5
5

M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g __________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g —
__ ____________

1 ,5 4 6
1 ,4 6 6
80

2 .4 3
2 .4 3
2 . 60

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

3

-

_
-

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

71
71
-

75
75
-

43
41
2

112
100
12

194
188
6

192
192
-

297
294
3

223
223
-

145
114
31

32
31
1

M e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t iv e (m a in t e n a n c e ) —
M a n u fa c t u r in g _ --------- --------- — ____

2 .2 2
2 .4 2
2 . 16
2 .4 8
2 .2 8

-

-

-

-

3

6

-

-

3

6

22
18
4

25
1
24

37
14
23

328
26
302

285
13
27 2

W h o l e s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e --------------------------------------------

1 ,0 9 0
233
857
80
62

20

3

57
26
31
5
14

84
33
51
30
13

70
12
58
11
4

30
12
18
1
4

50
12
38
33
4

M e c h a n i c s , m a in t e n a n c e _ __
_______
M a n u fa c t u r in g _
__ _____ __ ____
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------ __ ___
__ _
P u b li c u t i l i t i e s * ----------------------------------

2 ,2 9 6
2 ,0 8 5
211
82

2 . 38
2 .4 1
2 . 17
2 .2 9

_

_

_

_

2

6

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

6

8
2
6

-

-

-

-

-

"

177
148
29
12

125
124
1

-

129
105
24
18

243
232
11

-

70
39
6 H 51
33
19
10
-

-

286
27 2
14
4

395
389
6
1

451
430
21
18

126
107
19
19

M illw r ig h ts
M a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________

420
399

2 . 39
2 .3 7

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

13
13

25
25

23
23

19
19

48
48

51
50

50
47

108
107

67
67

O i l e r s ___ _ ____ ____ — __________ ______
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------------

349
333

2 . 01
1 .9 9

_

18
15

28
28

54
54

70

74
74

21
21

2
2

10
10

9
9

_

_

_

-

-

*

-

P a i n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e --------_ ---------M a n u fa c t u r in g -------------------------------------- —
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________

580
416
164

2. 30
2. 31
2 .2 5

17
8
9

1
1

5
5

20
9
11

69
67
2

97
63
34

66
56
10

45
25
20

85
81
4

72
65
7

10

_

-

25
23
2

4

-

38
10
28

4

10

-

-

P i p e f i t t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g —
__ ____ __ __

1 ,0 2 2
950
72

2. 56
2 .5 4
2 .8 7

2
2

_

17
17

38
38

86
86

113
113

-

-

-

-

59
54
5

-

-

185
162
23

-

-

160
157
3

18

-

112
108
4

139
139

-

17
15
2

1

-

12
12

-

1

18

P l u m b e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________________

52

2. 51

3

10

17

2

-

1

2

1

5

-

4

S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e _____
M a n u fa c t u r in g _
—
__ —

168
158

2 .4 8
2 .4 7

7

.

2

-

T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s ______________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g _ __ __ __ __ __
___

1 ,6 4 3
1 ,5 2 9

2 .5 3
2 . 53

N n n m a n n fa r t iir in g

... .

,

_

7

_

_

_

-

-

-

7
7

_

-

_

9

-

-

-

-

3
3

-

-

-

9

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

16
~ W

~

-

16

42
42
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

4
4

2
2

3
3

-

49
46
3

3
3
-

21
4
17

45
43
2

-

-

17
12
5

11
11

-

23
1
22

40
40

1
1

4

57
53
4

8

2

-

4

3

5
5
-

_
-

16

52
52
-

>
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
-

_
-

..
-

_

_

-

_

_

66
34
32

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

41
41
-

-

_
-

-

_
-

_ _

-

164
164

2
2

2

-

8

2

-

-

2

-

1

12

_

_

_

_ _

_

_

_

_

_

-

40
31

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

13

1

-

-

_

.

.

.

_

_

.

1

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9
9

6
6

6

6
6

31
31

23
19

36
36

21
21

9
9

14
14

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

26

58
58

46
46

132
132

112
101

330
31 4

33 2
295

160
150

280
248

42
42

26

_

5
5
_
-

-

1 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa ds), communication, and other public utilities.




1
1

-

6
_
6

77

69

13

_

-

_

1

_
-

_ _
_ _

_
-

-

63
47
16

-

-

-

1

6

-

-

-

.

-

1
1

2

-

22
22

16
16

-

-

-

-

-

-

10
10

_

-

Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 1955
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

10

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
in N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1955)
N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF—

34 7
31 7
187

$
1 .3 8
1 .3 4
1 .5 2

98
96
67

1 .0 8
1 .0 7
1 04

G u a r d s _________________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________
F i n a n c e * * ----- ------------------------------------

1 , 118
867
25 1
55

1 .8 4
1 .8 6
1 .8 0
1. 54

J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , an d c l e a n e r s
(m e n ) ----- ------------------------------------ -------- —
M a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________
P u b li c u t i li t ie s * ___ ________________
W h o le s a le t r a d e
____________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 3 __________________________
F in a n r p

4 ,4 2 3
2 ,8 6 1
1 ,5 6 2
42 3
100
246
379

J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s
( w o m e n ) _____ __ ___________________________
M a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________ _____
P Atail traHp ^
F in a tirp &$

S
s
$
$
$
$
*
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
S
U n d er 0 . 70 0 . 8 0 0 . 90 1 .0 0 1 . 10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0
and
$
D. 70 u n d e r
.8 0
. 90 1 .0 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 . 7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0

t 2 . 30

*
2 .4 0

2 .4 0

2 .5 0

$
$
*
S
$
2 . 70 2 . 8 0 2 .9 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 10

*2 . 60

o

Average
hourly
earnings

o

O c c u p a t io n an d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
workers

2 . 70

2 .8 0

2 . 90

3 .0 0

3 . 10

and
over

21
21

54
54

-

3
3
3

10
8
3

13
11
7

8
8
7

2
-

25
25
20

76
76
76

88
87
71

-

40
20

3
3

3
-

-

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
3

13
13
5

14
14
14

9
9
9

14
14
13

8
8
5

23
23
7. 1

2
2

8
8

2
2

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

36
24
12

65
58
7
1

1

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

_
-

-

214
20 4
10
2

67
44
23

-

127
117
10
6

36
36
-

-

146
113
33
22

92
89
3

-

38
32
6
6

227
111
116

"

31
14
17
8

23
20
3

“

15
5
10
10

1 .6 0
1 .6 6
1 .4 9
1. 71
1 .5 4
1 .2 8
1 .4 6

12
_
12
_
-

31
_
31
_
_

26
_
26
9

115
45
70
_

171
85
86
_
_

430
242
188
24
14
52
76

444
21 7
22 7
76
16
9
102

992
838
154
85
6
3
37

555
432
123
55
6
1
4

505
356
149
130
5
6
8

69
56
13
4
_
9

98
74
24
12
8
4

150
150
_
_

1
_
1
1
_

_
_
_

1
_
1
1
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

29
10

383
180
203
10
10
47
85

116
44
72
2
10

39
7

280
122
158
16
31
23
37

16
7
9
7
2

9

28
13
15
_
11

1 ,2 3 4
418
816
77
493

1 .2 9
1 .4 5
1 .2 1
1 .0 8
1 .2 1

22
22

11
_
11
10

7
_
7
7

3
_
3

110
44
66
14
13

146
9
137
10
94

374
11
363
36
30 9

229
100
129

99
45
54

125
109
16

38
38
-

63
57
6

3
3
-

3
1
2

1
1
-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

.

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l i n g ______________
M a n u f a c t u r in g ______________ _____________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________
PnK H r ntilitiP R ♦
W h o le s a le t r a d e ______________________
R e ta il tra d e 3
_____ ________________

8 ,8 4 0
5 ,4 9 2
3 ,3 4 8
1 ,5 0 1
1, 165
577

1 .9 2
1 .9 3
1 .9 2
2 .0 2
1 .9 2
1 .6 7

50
_
50

53
53

59
39
20

198
113
85

100
79
21

730
680
50

404
341
63

558 1,812 1,280
373
24 3
738
185 1,074 1 ,037
20
82 4
548
100
140
31 7
57
70
204

699
249
450
50
351
29

90
86
4

72
72
-

69
69
-

68
59
9

132
132
-

642
642
-

_
_

_
-

26
26
-

_
4

_

94
30
64
55
9
■

_

9
_

_

_

_

_

”

"

-

"

O rd e r fille r s
_____ _________ ___________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------ __
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________
W h o le s a le t r a d e ____________________
R e ta il tra d e 3
_____ ______________

1 ,8 4 5
731
1, 114
51 8
515

1 .8 8
1 .8 1
1 .9 2
1 .8 4
2 .0 2

6
6
-

22
2
20
20

-

7
7
-

1
1
-

.

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

P a c k e r s , s h ip p in g ( m e n ) ____________________
M a n u f a c t u r in g ______________________ ___
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________ „
W h o le s a le tr a d e ______________________

1 ,8 2 6
1 ,5 2 2 304
256

1. 71
1. U
1 .5 4
1 .5 8

14
14
-

14
l4

11
11

10
10

-

-

2
2
-

-

-

-

_

“

■

E l e v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r ( m e n ) -----N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------

E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r
( w o m e n ) _______________________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------

P a c k e r s , s h ip p in g ( w o m e n ) ------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g ------------------------------------------

539
365

1 .3 1
1 .3 2

39
_
39

_

_

_

_

_

-

"

39

50

16
27

12
8

64
21

_
21

48
2

27
14

_
_

_
_

_
_
_

_

2
2
-

78
30
48
48

-

-

-

-

-

28
19
9
4
4

77
35
42
36
6

49
18
31
27

-

18
10
8
3

-

_
_

_
_

_
-

29
10
19
-

-

7

"

-

"

87
79

107
76

S e e fo o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e .
*
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
* * F i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




1

76

_

-

85
~ T T

33
T 8~

4

5

-

-

20
14

7
3

186
"T O P
64
64

12
9

-

205
203
2
-

139
26

-

248
lT 5 "
133
132

83
83

970
695
65 4 ~ 8 5 T
41
103
2
2
63
9
18
13

84
68"
16
9
2

197
177
20
1

24 4
111
133
130
-

191
83
108
22
86

584
85
499
152
30 5

22 7
60
167
70
97

24
13
11
11

87
77'
10

270
26 7
3

227
n r
48
48

98
98

31
31

8
8

-

-

-

14
14

.

7
7

■

-

"

22 7
211
16
12

30
30

11
9

15
15

-

■

5

1
1
_

_
-

-

30

“

_
-

—

W

11
—

-

r r

_

-

Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1955
U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

n

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s 2 s t u d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s i s
in N e w a r k - J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , D e c e m b e r 1 955)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation and industry division

Number
of
workers

S
$
$
S
S
$
$
$
s
$
$
S
Average
hourly Under 0. 70 0.80 0.90 1 . 0 0 1 . 1 0 1 . 2 0 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80
earnings $
and
0. 70 under
1 . 10
1.20
1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1 . 9 0
1 .00
__ lM
$
7
1
27
22
26
48
43
118
1.91
27
12
18
3 l
116
1.89
39
_
7
1
0
1
8
7
2
1.99
9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
2.40
1
1
1.82
1
6
4
1
5
6
1
'
-

R eceiving clerks _____________________
Manufacturing -------------------------- ------Nonmanufacturing __ ----------------------Public utilities * __________________
Retail trade 3
____ ______________

533
413

Shipping clerks __________________________
M anufacturing__________________ ____

444
386“

Shipping and receiving
clerks _________________________ _______
M anufacturing_______________________
Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------Wholesale trade __________________

498
290
208
64

T ru ck d riv ers 4 — _________________ ___
Manufacturing 5 ___________ _________
Nonmanufacturing ____________________
Public utilities * __________________
Wholesale trade _________ _______

6,650
2,446
4,204
1,711
1,448

T ru ckd rivers, medium
(IV 2 to and including
4 to n s )______ _______________________
Manufacturing 6 ____________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________
Public utilities
Wholesale trade ________________

2, 744
1,369
1,375
574
648

T ru ckdrivers, heavy
(over 4 tons, tra iler type) _ ___ ....
Manufacturing 6 ___________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________
Public u tilities* .
W holesale trade ________________

2,006
390
1,616
1,092
250

2. 53
2. 94
2.43
2.41
2. 56

T ru ckd rivers, heavy
(over 4 tons, other than
tra iler type) _________________________
Manufacturing ___________________ _
Nonm anufacturing__________________
Wholesale tra d e______________ _

549
137
412
347

2. 17
2. 17
2. 17
2 .19

.
~

T ru ckers, power
(forklift) -------------------------------------------------M anufacturing-------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing_____ _
_
_ ....
Public utilities *
WIihIpsa Ip traHp
Retail trade 3 _______________

1, 775
1,264
511
294
94
123

2 .02

_

1.99
2.08

_

120

40
52

27
27

15
14

67
67

55
54

21

29
17

41

12

29

24
_
24

12

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.91
.91
1.91
1.87

_
-

'

-

-

_
-

3
_
3
-

_
-

_
-

2.42
2. 76
2.23
2. 33
2.25

_
_
'

_
*

_
_
_

_
_
-

_
_

58
35
23

-

7
_
7
_
-

5
_
5
_

-

_
-

2

12

-

-

_

-

_

_

-

_

20

-

'

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

2. 50
2.88
2

.

12

21

_
-

1

4

12

2 .00

2.10

2.20

36
17
19

60

46
14

55
49

.

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

-

-

*

-

_
_
_
-

14
5
9
9

72
67

17
16

22

20

22

20

91

129
99
30
15

90
29

34
26

-

8

1

7
>
7

1

25
18
7
"

4

1

73

440
71
369
31
333

889
118
771
408
363

394
32
362
24
333

677

68

23
15

43
40
3

-

-

_
_
_

_

_

6

_

-

_

6

_

-

_
_
-

_

_
_

-

_

46
43
3

9

12
12

-

62
11
8

2

24

2

2

20

2

_

61

3
3
_

66
611

406
205

_

26

-

15
-

-

-

-

10

2

1

10

1

1

_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_

-

“

811
807
4
4
-

1

390
215
175
90
30

725 1,539
650
71
75 1,468
1 1 1,107
55
58

108
95
13
13
-

481

2

10

2

10

2

155
155
_
_

463

3
_
3
3
-

38
28

475

-

-

-

238
106"
132
74
4

322
305
17

34
34
15
19

108
95
13
13

36
36

3
3

2

1

-

10

3
3
-

12

3

10

2
2

81 1,427
55
29
26 L,3 98

.
_
-

184
5
179
_
179

_
-

11

9

-

26

36

12

11

_

24

3
3
-

15
7
-

157
18
139
139

64
40
24
24

71
39
32
32

36
36
■

-

80
80
80

*

83
83
-

287
286

245
190
55

149
149
-

52
48
4

15
15
-

_
-

-

18
18
-

42
13

-

301
130
171
124
18
29

135
71
64

1

332
119
213
170
31
12

_

1

64

4

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

7

631
627
4
4

-

1

3

-

_
>
»
-

-

8

_
_

_
_
_
-

6

1

_
_
_

5
5

4
-

10

_
_
_

5

10

6

76

3
3
_
' _

_
_
_
-

25
25
_

12

10

4
_
4
4
-

3
_
3
3

1

9

21

20

5
_
5
5
"

70
54

2.09

1•95
2. 13

24

60
48

90
17
73

5

1

15
14

14

16

1

-

11

11

10

_

4

-

34

_

74
14

-

7
6

2

-

-

2

19
18

1

-

60

17
15

5

1

3

6

S
S
$
$
$
$
S
$
S
2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3. 10
and
2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 over
2.20

8

-

3

10

2

555
39
516
_

60

.

6

154
40
114

3

2

13

116
31
85
3
63

41
32
9

23

$

1
2.00

23
78
7
69

101

t

1.90

2.21

2.07

S e e fo o tn o te s at en d o f ta b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t i o n (e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .




5
5

1.99
1. 93

1

21
21

_
_
-

_
_
-

140
76
140 » 76
.
_
.
_
-

~

_

-

94
94
-

_

-

.
-

.
-

-

-

-

-

6
6

-

-

12

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 234*679 studied on an area basis
in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, December 1955)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

Average
hourly
earnings

T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (o th e r
t h a n f o r k l i f t ) __ _______________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________

242
230

$
1 .8 2
1 . 79

W a tch m e n
_______ _______________________________
M am i fa r h ir in g
N o n m a r m f a c .t i ir in g ....
... .
P iih lir u t ilit ie s *
WVtrkl
alia

1 ,2 4 5
777
468
179
93

1 .5 3
1. 57
1 .4 5
1. 57
1 .3 7

F i n a n c e * * _________________________________

69

1 .4 9

$
*
0 .8 0
U n d e r 0 . 70
and
$
under
0 . 70
.9 0
. 80

_

_

_

-

-

-

37
34
3

21
21

-

-

$
$
0 . 90 1 .0 0

$
1 .3 0

S
$
$
$
$
$
1. 70 l . 8 0 1 . 9 0
1 .4 0
1 .5 0
1 .6 0

t 2 .0 0

2 .0 0

2 . 10

41
41

32
32

20

142
127
15
7

50
35
15
15

$
2 . 10

$

2 .2 0

S

$

$

$

$

$

$

S

2 .3 0

2 .4 0

2 .5 0 * 2 . 60

2 . 70

2 .8 0

2 .9 0

3 .0 0

3 . 10

2 .4 0

2 .5 0

2 . 60

2 .8 0

2 . 90

3 .0 0

3 . 10

over

7
7

1

and
1 .0 0

_

10
10
6

-

$
$
1 . 10 1 . 2 0

-

1 . 10

1 .2 0

1 .3 0

1 .5 0

1 .6 0

1 .7 0

30
30

38
38

21

12

21

12

88

136

53
35
3
4

100

207
54

12

176
140
36
5
4

54
24
30
6
4

22

19

2

-

-

-

6

-

-

-

6

56

63
27
36
6

103
42

61
35
6

29
27
6

1

2 i

1 .8 0

1 .4 0

12

36
4
24
3

1 53
11 8

1 . 90

20

10
4

6
2

2 .2 0

2 .3 0

20
18

10

4

2

2

57
55

33
32

2
1
1

1

2
_

2
2

1

_
_

2 . 70

-

”

.
-

_
_

'

-

"

-

-

“

_
_

_

_
_

_
_

_

_
_

_

_

_

1

2

Excludes premium pay for overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.
Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. D rivers of m ore than 1 type of truck, form erly classified to the m ajor type of truck operated,
average for truckdrivers. Data for individual types may therefore not be strictly com parable to the ea rlier studies.
3
Over a third of the workers (alm ost all those at $3 and over) were paid under bonus plans.
6 Alm ost half of the workers (almost all those at $3 and over) were paid under bonus plans.
7
W orkers were distributed as follow s: 45 at $3. 10 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 274 at $3.4 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 281 at $3. 70 to $4; 27 at $4 and over.
* Over a fifth of the workers were paid under bonus plans.
9 W orkers were distributed as follows:
12 at $3. 70 to $4; 28 at $4 to $4. 30; 36 at $4. 30 and over.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1

2

3
4




are now included only in the general




B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions 1
P ercen t o f m anufacturing plant w ork ers—
(a)
In establishm ents having
form a l p ro v isio n s fo r—

Shift differential

Second shift
work
Total

_

_ __

__

With shift pay d ifferential

__

_

_

U niform cents (per hour) ____________________________
4 cents ______________________________________ ______
5 cents _____________________________________________
6 or b ^ z cents
____________________________________
7 cents _________________________________________ __
8 cents ____________________________ *_______________
9 or 9 V3 cents ____________________________________
10 or 1 0 ^ 3 cents
_________________
11, 1 1 ^ 5 , or 11 Hz cents ______
12 o r 12V2 cents ___________________________________
14 cents _____________________________________ _____
15 cents ___________________________________________
16 o r 16V2 cents _______________ ________ ________
17 or 17^10 cents
_
_ _
2 1 V2 o r 22y2 cents ________________________________
U niform percentage

_

___

_

_

2 p ercent ___________________________________________
5 p ercent ___________________________________________
7 or
p ercent _
____
8 p ercent __________________________________________ ’
9 percen t __________________________________________
10 p ercent _________________________________________
12 p ercent _______________ ________________________
13 percen t ___________________________________ ______
15 p ercent _________________________________________
Other _________________________________________________
No shift pay d ifferential _________________________________

T hird or other
shift w ork

(b)
A ctually working on—

Second shift

T hird or other
shift

8 8.8

7 8 .6

14. 1

4. 1

88. 8

7 8.5

14. 1

4. 1

38.7

34.7

6 .2

3. 3

.7
10.7
3.7

_
.4
.7
1. 1
.9
14.4
1. 1
5 .2
1.2
4 .4
2 .0
2 .6
.6

.1
1.4
.5
.4
.3
.3
2 .0
.7
.3
.1
t

_

. 1
.9
.2
.6
.2
.2
.2
.8
t

4 7 .3

40.6

7. 3

.5

.7
5 .2
3 .2
.9
37. 3
-

.7
2 .4
.4
33.7
.9
1.0
1.6

.1
.8
.6
t
5.9
"

t
t
.4
t
t

2 .8

3. 1

.5

.3

-

.2

-

t

2.6
1. 1

1.5
11.8
3.5
2 .0
.4
-

.6

-

.

1

-

1 Shift d ifferential data are presented in te rm s of (a) establishm ent p o licy , and (b) w orkers actually em ployed on late
shifts at the tim e of the survey.
An establishm ent was con sid ered as having a p o licy if it met either of the follow ing co n ­
d itions: ( l ) Operated late shifts at the tim e o f the survey, o r (2) had form a l p rov ision s cov erin g late shifts,
t L ess than 0 .05 percent.
Occupational Wage Survey, N ew a rk-J ersey C ity, N. J ., D ecem b er 1955
U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
-B ureau of L abor Statistics

Table B-2:

Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1

N u m b e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m h i r i n g r a t e in —
M a n u fa c t u r in g
M in im u m r a t e
(w e e k ly s a la r y )

E s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d

__________________

A ll
in d u s tr ie s

271

N u m b e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m h i r i n g r a t e in —

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
A ll

B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 2 o f—
A ll
sch ed­
u le s

A ll
sch ed­
u le s

35

37 y2

3 8 3/4

40

141

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

130

trie s
35

37 y2

XXX

XXX

40

XXX

2 71

B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 2! o f —
A ll
sch ed­
u le s

141

$ 30. 00
$ 3 2 .5 0
$ 3 5 . 00
$ 3 7. 50
$ 4 0 . 00
$ 4 2 . 50
$ 4 5 . 00
$ 4 7 . 50
$ 5 0 .0 0
$ 52. 50
$ 5 5 .0 0
$ 5 7 .5 0
$ 6 0 .0 0
$ 6 2 .5 0
$ 6 5 .0 0

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

XXX

37 y2

XXX

A ll
sch ed­
u le s

40

38y4

XXX

XXX

130

35

37 y 2

XXX

40

XXX

XXX

a s p e c ifie d

u n d e r $ 3 2 . 5 0 ________
_________
u n d e r $ 3 5 .0 0
u n d e r $ 3 7 . 5 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 4 0 . 0 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 4 2 . 5 0 ________ .
u n d e r $ 4 5 . 00
_________
u n d e r $ 4 7 . 5 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 5 0 . 0 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 5 7 . 5 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 ___________
u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 ___________
o v e r ____________________

1 57

93

8

16

7

5
1
2
8
48
13
28
13
18
7
6
4
2
1

_

_

_

1
4
25
6
23
8
12
4
4
3
2
1

1

-

_
-

2
1
3
1
-

-

1

55

-

3
3
1
-

-

-

-

-

XXX

29

36

49

20

XXX

XXX

XXX

64

28

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

-

5
1
1
4
23
7
5
5
6
3
2
1
-

1
13
2
13
3
10
3
4
3
2
1

E s ta b lis h m e n t s w h ic h d id n ot
e m p lo y w o r k e r s in t h is
c a t e g o r y -------------------------------------------------------_________________________

64

2
1
1
2
1
-

2
7
-

E s ta b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c ifie d
m i n i m u m ________________ _________________

D a ta n o t a v a ila b le

35

F O R O T H E R IN E X P E R IE N C E D C L E R IC A L W O R K E R S

F O R IN E X P E R IE N C E D T Y P IS T S

E s ta b lis h m e n t s h a v in g
m in im u m

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

M a n u fa c t u r in g

*

XXX

XXX

8
1
3
2
2
-

1

1

XX X

17
1
-

29

96

8

18

6

57

69

9

18

32

.
-

_

.

_

_

-

2
8
-

2
-

1
1
-

1
-

2
3
1
-

-

6
1
2
5
30
4
6
3
5
3
2
1
-

2
1
14
2
1
2
4
2
2
1
1

-

11
2
3
2
3
2
2
1
-

-

1

6
1
5
9
58
12
28
13
12
6
6
3
3
1
2

XXX

XXX

58

26

19

2
6
3
2
2
1
-

1
1
-

165

XXX

XXX

XXX

47

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

3
4
28
8
22
10
7
3
4
2
3
1

1

2
1
1
2
-

-

14
4
13
5
6
2
4
2
3
1
1

1
1
-

5
2
1
-

-

-

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

32

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

28

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

4
1
2
-

2
10
1
2
1
1
-

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

XX X

XXX

XXX

1

1

1 Lowest salary rate form ally established for hiring inexperienced w orkers for typing or other cle rica l jobs.
2 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the m ost com m on workweeks reported.




Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , Decem ber 1955
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

1 5

Table B-3:

Scheduled Weekly Hours

PERCENT OP OFFICE WORKERS12EMPLOYED IN—

Weekly hours

A ll workers ____________________________________
Under 35 hours ________________________________
3 5 hours _____________________________________
3 6 */4 h o u rs _____________________________________
Over 3 6 V 4 and under 3 l x! z hours _____________
3 7 V 2 h o u rs _____________________________________
Over 3 7 V 2 and under 3 8 3/ 4 hours _______ ____
3 8 3/4 h o u rs _____________________________________________
Over 383/4 and under 40 hours ____________________
40 hours _______________________________________
Over 40 and under 45 h o u rs ____________________
4 5 hours ________________ ____________________________
47 hours _______________________________________________
48 hours _____________ _______________________________
Over 4 8 h o u rs _________________________________________

All
industries

100

2

Manufacturing

100

t

t

16
4
3
28
3

7
4
5
14

8

17
-

t

35

100
74
-

50

_
t

t

Wholesale
trade

1 00

8
_

"

-

t

1 00

4

24
-

t

Retail trade 34

11
_
23
_
5
57
_
-

t

t

_

t

Public *
utilities

22
3
67

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance * *

100

1 00

4

Manufacturing

100

t

17

5
3
62
7
-

5
t

_
-

-

-

"

t

Services

All
industries

6

8

t

t

3

t

3
_
_
78
-

3

t

t

_
78

t

4
4

t

4
5

Public *
utilities v

1 00

_

Wholesale
trade

100

Retail trade 3

100

t

_

_

_
_

T

3
3

_
_
_
_
-

_
_

99

95

_

>
67

T
22

_
-

3
_
_
_

-

”

t

t

Services

_
3

Data relate to women workers only.
Occupational Wage Survey, N ewark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 1955
Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Excludes lim ited-price variety stores.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
4
Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
■f L ess than 2 .5 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1

2

3




1 6

Table B-4: Paid Holidays1
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -

Item

All workers -------------- -----------------------

All
industries
------

Workers in establishments providing
paid holidays ---- -------------------------------------Less than 6 holidays _____________________
6 holidays ________________________________
Full days on ly----------- ----------- :---------Plus 1 or m ore half days 5
----------7 holidays ____________________ _________
Full days on ly------- ---------------- ----------Plus 1 or m ore half days 5 ---- __ ------8 holidays _______
__ ----------- ---------------Full days only _________________________
Plus 1 o r m ore half days 5 --------------------9 holidays ----------- — ------- — ---------------Full days on ly ----------- ----------------------Plus 1 half day ..........................................
1 0 holidays „
____ __ __________________
Full days on ly __________________________
Plus l half day ______ ____ — __ ---1 1 holid a ys__________
— _______ _______
Full days on ly ---------------- ---------------Plus 1 o r m ore half days 5 -----------------1 2 h olid ays____
_____________ _________
Full days on ly--------------------- ---------------Plus 1 half day
------ — „ ----------Workers in establishments providing
no paid holidays
__ ____ ____ ____ ____

100

99
t
6

4
t
26
22

2

Manufacturing

100

100

100

100

100

100

t
9
5
4
42
37

4

6

16

31
26
5

13
3
11
11

t
t
t
t
6

5
t
33
31
t
t

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

8
8

t
t
t
t
5
3
t
t
t
*

t
t
t
t
t
t
t
49
49
5
5
41
41
-

~

12
8

4
25
16
8

t
t
16
16

7

Retail trade 1*34

100

97
t
7
7
57
55
t
t
t
4
4
-

6

-

t

28
15
13

22
22

-

-

"

3

16
16

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Finance **

Services

All 4
industries

Manufacturing

Public .
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 3

100

100

100

100

100

100

98
t
15

99
t
17

96
28

93
5

11

12

22

4
42
35
7

5
42
36

20

26

16

20

9
t
73
47
26
t
t
.
3
3
-

6

4
t
t
t
-

92
84
8

~

5

6

99
t
t
t
19
19
_
-

8

6

22

7
t
t
f
-

5
t
t
t
5
4.
t

22

6

5
t
4
4
-

t

6

-

100

10

6

15
1 0

'

5
15
15
-

'

6

-

6

-

-

17
17
36
36

-

-

-

-

t

4

7

-

t

25
25
-

9
9

Services

1
Estimates relate to full-day holidays provided annually, as in ea rlier studies. These are further divided between workers who receive m erely the indicated number of full-day holidays,
those who receive 1 o r m ore half holidays in addition.
Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Occupational Wage Survey, N ewark-Jersey City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1955
3 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
4 Includes data for services and real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Bureau o f Labor Statistics
5 All or preddminantly all workers received 1 or 2 half days,
t Less than 2 .5 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.




and

Table B-5

Paid Vacations

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Vacation p olicy

A ll w orkers

All .
industries1

-----------------------------------------------------

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

100

100

Retail trade2

100

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
All
industries 3

Manufacturing

100

100

100

100

Finance **

Services

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 2

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

4 100

100

100

100

99

99

100

100

100

100

92

90

100

100

98

t

t

-

-

8

-

-

6

-

-

t

t

■

“

*

■

"

_
7

_

_

9

t

METHOD OF PAYMENT
W orkers in establishments providing paid
vacations ------------------------------------------------------Length-of-tim e payment ---------------------------Percentage payment --------------------------- -------Flat-sum payment -------------------------------------W orkers in establishments providing no paid
vacations -------------------------------------------------------

"

e
-

r
T

t

■

AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY
A fter 1 year of service
Under 1 week — -----------------------------------------------1 week ------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks -----------------------------3 weeks ------------------------------------------------------------

t

t

t

t

90
_

t

t

-

3
3
94

-

92

99

10

_

88
t

32
60
9
-

.
100

-

_
35
64

_

t

t

67
4
25
t

77
5
15
-

t

t

63
13
3

33
34
31

18
-

10

66

83

86
8

-

-

20

t

t

27
65
8

“

After 2 years of service
1 week ------------------------------------------------------- ----Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------2 weeks --------- --------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------- ----------------------3 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------

t
t

95
t
t

_

-

100
-

t

-

4
_
94
t

5
87
9
-

_
100
-

30
26
41
t

-

t

t

_

15

.

22

19
29
51

-

13
3

6

t

6

-

A fter 3 years of service
1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------weeks -----------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------3 weeks --------------------------------------- ■--------------------

2

t

t

t

t

96

96

t
t

_
_

.

100
_

t

-

4
-

95
t

t
.

90
9
-

100

60
t

-

-

t

t

_

_

63

3
84

22

47
42

15

11

.
-

84
13
3

-

t
-

99

92

t

8

-

"

A fter 5 years of service
Under 2 weeks ------------------------------------------------weeks -----------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------3 weeks ------------------------------------------------------------

2

t

t

79
14
7

93
t
6

_
98
_
t

See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




_
93
t
6

4
86

6

5

7

6

_

76

66

t

8

23

15
18

Occupational Wage Survey, N ew ark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 195^
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

NOTE: In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of s e rv ice , payments other than "length of tim e, "
such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time
basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay.

_

_

79
13

1 8

Table B-5:

Paid Vacations - Continued

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Vacation policy

All workers

----------------------------------------

Wholesale
trade

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

AU
,
industries1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

100

100

100

100

100

100

69
6
25

90

54

10

70
T
26

26
46
29

-

-

Retail trade 23

Finance * *

Services

AU
industries J

Manufacturing

Public
utilities*

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade2

100

100

100

100

100

t
66
11
20
t
t

t
68
13
17

62
13
25

53
7
40

65

t
20
t
73

t
16
t
78

7
13
80

10
t
88

40

3

3

-

t

12

t
19
t
72
6

t
15
t
79
4

7
13
78
t

10
t
88
t

21
31

t
18
t
62
16

t
14
t
69
15

7
13
62
18

8
t
81
10

AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY - Continued
After 10 years of service
Under 2 weeks ---------------------2 weeks --------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks —
3 weeks --------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s ----4 weeks and o v e r ------------------

t
58
16
25
t
t

-

-

-

37
9

-

3

t

-

_

_

27
8

t

After 15 years of service
Under 2 w e e k s ----------------------------2 weeks -------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ---------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 weeks ---------4 weeks and o v e r ------------------------

t
15
4
78
T
t

14
t
83

6
-

94

3

14
t
82

48
40

12
14
70

3

12

-

14
t
82
3

48

8

17
35

44
48

11
t
65
22

48

8

-

48
-

After 20 years of service
Under 2 weeks ---------------2 weeks -------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks
3 w e e k s---------------------------4 weeks and o v e r ------------

t
13
t
69
17

13
t
82
4

t
12
t
56
31

13
t
69
18

6
-

91
t

-

-

48
-

After 25 years of service
Under 2 w e e k s -----------------------2 weeks ---------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks ----3 w e e k s----------------------------------4 weeks and o v e r -------------------

6
85
9

_

11
41

-

29
63

1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
3 Includes data for real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
* Approxim ately 1 percent were in establishments that did not provide vacations until after 3 years of service,
t Less than 2. 5 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




48
-

17
34

Services

1 9

Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Type of plan

A ll workers

____

____

____

All
.
industries

______________

100

Manufacturing

Public .
utilities *

100

100

Wholesale
trade

100

Retail trade1
23
4

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Finance**

100

100

Services

All
3
industries

Manufacturing

100

100

100

Public .
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade2

100

100

Services _

W orkers in establishments providing:
Life insurance ________________ ___________
A ccidental death and dism em berm ent
insurance ------------------------------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or
sick leave or both 5 ____ __ ____ ____
Sickness and accident in s u ra n ce __ __
Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting period) _ __________ ____ __
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
period)
__ . --- -------- -------------------Hospitalization insurance _
__ — ----Surgical in su ra n ce _____ ___ _____ _ ____
Medical insurance ________________________
Catastrophe in su ra n ce ____________________
Retirem ent p en sion ______________ _______
No health, insurance, or pension p la n ___

4

93

95

4 95

97

80

92

92

94

498

96

74

35

47

4 5

483

4 29

18

47

50

428

465

4 22

83
41

90

96
4 5

75
54

76
51

4

69
17

75
59

77
66

88
419

66

4 62

53

66
48

54

53

46

54

41

4 62

15

11

32

18

35

13
75
73
53
6
83
t

413
82
81
54
3
81

449
16
16
12

3
85
81
66
10
59

9
89
80
64
19
4 55
t

82
79
65
12
92

15
82
81
55
5
70
t

14
87
86
59
4
74
t

42
48
48
32

7
84
78
62
8
53

14
79
70
55
14
59
5

t

-

94

t

-

85

1 Includes data for s erv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
2 Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
3 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
4 Not com parable with results in ea rlier surveys due to changes in classification of provisions.
5 Unduplicated total of w orkers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below,
f L ess than 2. 5 percent.
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.




Occupational Wage Survey, N ewark-Jersey City, N. J. , December 1955
'
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics




Appendix: Job Descriptions

21

The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to
assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations worker is who are employed under
a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment
and from area to area.
This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage
rates representing comparable job content.
Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and
interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau1s job descriptions may differ signifi­
cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes.
In
applying these job descriptions, the Bureau1s field representatives are instructed to exclude work­
ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time,
temporary, and probationary workers.

Of f i ce
BILLER, MACHINE
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other
than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records
as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in­
cidental to billing operations.
For wage study purposes, billers,
machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:
Biller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing
machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which
are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and
invoices from customers1 purchase orders, internally prepared
orders, shipping memoranda, etc.
Usually involves application
of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of
necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the
billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated
by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of
carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a
fanfold machine.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers*
bills as part of the accounts receivable operation.
Generally
involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger
record.
The machine automatically accumulates figures on a
number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto­
matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl­
edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of
sales and credit slips.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott
Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with­
out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.



BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued
Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of
and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with
the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter­
mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items
to be used in each phase of the work.
May prepare consolidated
reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.
Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections
of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book­
keeping.
Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in­
ventory control, etc.
May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account­
ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com­
plete set of books or records' relating to one phase of an establish­
ment^ business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or ac­
counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with
proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience
in making proper assignations and allocations.
May assist in
preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class
B accounting clerks.
Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine
accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers,
accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled
by general ledgers.
This job does not require a knowledge of
accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in
which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func­
tional basis among several workers.

22
CLERK, FILE
C lass A - R esp on sible for maintaining an establish ed filing
system . C la s sifie s and indexes corresp on d en ce or other m aterial;
m ay a lso file this m a terial. May keep r e c o rd s o f variou s types
in conjunction with file s or supervise others in filing and locating
m aterial in the file s .
May p e rfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.
C lass B - P e r fo r m s routine filin g, usually of m a terial that
has already been cla ss ifie d , or loca tes or a ssists in locating m a ­
teria l in the f ile s . May p e rfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.
CLERK, ORDER
R e ce iv e s cu stom ers* o rd e rs for m aterial or m erch an dise by
m ail, phone, or p erson ally .
Duties involve any com bination o f the
follow in g: Quoting p r ic e s to cu stom ers; making out an o rd e r sheet
listing the item s to make up the o rd e r ; checking p rice s and quantities
of item s on ord er sheet; distributing ord er sheets to re sp e ctiv e d e ­
partments to be fille d .
May check with cred it departm ent to d e te r­
mine cred it rating of cu stom er, acknowledge re ce ip t o f o rd e r s from
cu stom ers, follow up o rd e r s to see that they have been fille d , keep
file o f o rd e r s re ce iv e d , and ch eck shipping in v oices with origin al
ord ers.
CLERK, PA Y R O L L

KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR
Under general su pervision and with no su p e rv iso ry r e s p o n s i­
b ilitie s , re c o r d s accounting and statistical data on tabulating ca rd s
by punching a serie s o f holes in the ca rd s in a sp e cifie d sequ en ce,
using an alphabetical or a n u m erica l key-punch m achine, follow ing
written inform ation on r e c o r d s .
May duplicate ca rd s by using the
duplicating device attached to m ach ine.
Keeps file s o f punch ca rd s .
May v erify own w ork or w ork o f o th e rs .
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
P e r fo r m s various routine duties such as running erran d s,
operating m inor o ffice m achines such as s e a le rs o r m a ile rs , opening
and distributing m ail, and other m in or c le r ic a l w ork.
SECRETARY
P e r fo r m s s e cre ta ria l and c le r ic a l duties fo r a su perior in an
adm inistrative or executive p osition . Duties include making appoint­
m ents for su perior; receiv in g people com ing into o ffic e ; answ ering
and making phone ca lls; handling p erson a l and im portant o r c o n fi­
dential m ail, and writing routine co rre sp o n d e n ce on own initiative;
taking dictation (where tran scrib in g m achine is not used) either in
shorthand o r by stenotype o r sim ila r m ach ine, and tra n scrib in g d icta ­
tion or the re co rd e d inform ation rep rod u ced on a tra n scrib in g m ach ine.
May prepare special rep orts o r m em oranda for inform ation o f su p e rio r.
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

Com putes w ages of com pany em p loyees and enters the n e c e s ­
sary data on the p ayroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers*
earnings based on tim e or production r e c o r d s ; posting calcu lated data
on p ayroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w orker*s nam e, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total w ages due. May
make out paych ecks
and a s s is t paym aster in making up and d is ­
tributing pay en velopes. May use a calculating m achine.

P r im a ry duty is to take dictation fr o m one o r m o re p e rso n s,
either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ila r m ach ine, involving a
n orm al routine vocabulary, and to tr a n s crib e this dictation on a ty p e ­
w r ite r . May a lso type fro m w ritten co p y . May a lso set up and keep
file s in o rd e r, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc.
D oes not include tra n ­
scrib in g-m a ch in e w ork (se e tra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to r).

COMPTOM ETER OPERATOR

STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL

P r im a r y duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p e rfo rm m athe­
m atical com putations. This job is not to be confused with that of
statistical or other type o f cle rk , which m ay involve frequent use o f
a C om ptom eter but, in which, use o f this m achine is incidental to
perform an ce of other duties.

P rim a ry duty is to take dictation fro m one or m ore p e rso n s,
either in shorthand or by stenotype o r sim ila r m ach ine, involving a
v a ried techn ical or sp ecia lized v oca b u la ry such as in legal b rie fs or
re p o rts on scien tific r e s e a rc h and to tra n scrib e this dictation on a
typ ew riter. May also type fro m w ritten co p y . May a lso set up and
keep file s in ord er, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc .
Does not include
tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e w ork.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
Under gen eral su pervision and with no su p ervisory re s p o n ­
sib ilitie s, rep rod u ces m ultiple cop ies o f typewritten o r handwritten
m atter, using a m im eograph or ditto m achine. Makes n e ce s s a r y a d ­
justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylin der speed.
Is not req u ired to p rep are sten cil or ditto m a ste r. May keep file of
used sten cils or ditto m a ste rs .
May sort, colla te , and staple c o m ­
pleted m a teria l.



O perates a sin gle- o r m u ltip le -p o sitio n telephone sw itch board.
Duties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice
c a lls .
May r e c o r d toll ca lls and take m e s s a g e s .
May give in fo r ­
m ation to p erson s who ca ll in, or o cc a s io n a lly take telephone o r d e r s .
F or w ork ers who also act as re ce p tio n ists see sw itchboard o p e r a to r re ce p tio n ist.

23
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE O PERATO R, GENERAL - Continued

SWITCHBOARD OPER A TO R-R EC E PTIO N IST
tion
type
This
tim e

In addition to p erform in g duties o f op era tor, on a single p o s i­
or m on itor-ty p e sw itch board, acts as recep tion ist and may a lso
o r p e rfo rm routine c le r ic a l w ork as part of regular d uties<>
typing or c le r ic a l w ork m ay take the m ajor part o f this w orker *s
while at sw itch board.

TABULATING-M ACHINE OPERATOR
O perates m achine that autom atically analyzes and translates
in form ation punched in grou ps o f tabulating card s and prints tra n s­
lated data on fo rm s or accounting re c o r d s ; sets or adjusts m achine;
does sim ple w iring o f plugboards accord in g to established p ra ctice
or d ia gra m s; p la ces ca rd s to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts
m ach ine. May file ca rd s a fter they are tabulated. M ay, in addition,
operate a u xilia ry m a ch in es.

included. A w orker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype
or sim ila r m achine is c la s s ifie d as a stenographer, gen eral.
TYPIST
U ses a typew riter to make cop ies o f variou s m aterial or to
make out b ills after calcu lations have been made by another person .
May do c le r ic a l w ork involving little special training, such as keep­
ing sim ple r e c o r d s , filing re c o r d s and re p o rts or sorting and d is­
tributing incom ing m a il.
C la ss A - P e r fo r m s one or m ore o f the follow in g: Typing
m aterial in final fo rm fro m v ery rough and involved draft; cop y­
ing fro m plain or c o r r e c te d cop y in which there is a frequent
and v a rie d use o f techn ical and unusual w ords or from foreign language copy; com bining m aterial fro m severa l s o u rce s, or
planning layout o f com p licated statistical tables to maintain uni­
form ity and balance in spacing; typing tables fro m rough draft in
final fo rm .
May type routine fo rm le tte rs , varying details to
suit circu m sta n ce s.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPER A TO R, GENERAL
P r im a r y duty is to tra n scrib e dictation involving a norm al
routine vocab u la ry fro m tra n scrib in g m achine r e c o r d s .
May a lso
type fro m w ritten cop y and do sim ple c le r ic a l w ork. W ork ers tran ­
scrib in g dictation involving a v a ried technical or sp ecia lized vocabu ­
la r y such as lega l b r ie fs or rep orts on scien tific re s e a rc h are not

Professional

DRAFTSM AN, JUNIOR
(A ssista n t draftsm an)
Draws to sca le units or parts o f drawings prepared by d ra fts­
man or oth ers for en gin eering, con struction, or manufacturing p u r­
p o s e s . U ses va riou s types o f drafting tools as req u ired. May p r e ­
pare draw ings fro m sim ple plans or sketches, or p e rfo rm other duties
under d ire ction o f a draftsm an .
DRAFTSM AN, LEADER
P lans and d ir e cts a ctivities of one or m ore draftsm en in
p rep aration o f w orking plans and detail drawings from rough or p r e ­
lim in a ry sketches fo r engin eering, construction, or manufacturing
p u rp o se s . Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: Interpreting
b lu ep rin ts, sk etch es, and w ritten or verbal o rd e r s ; determ ining w ork
p ro c e d u re s ; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their w ork;
p e rfo rm in g m ore d ifficu lt p ro b le m s . May a ss is t subordinates during



C lass B - P e r fo r m s one or m o re o f the follow ing: Typing
fro m re la tiv ely cle a r or typed drafts; routine typing o f form s,
insurance p o lic ie s , e t c .; setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or
copying m ore com plex tables already set up and spaced p rop erly.

and

Technical

DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued
e m e rg e n cie s or as a regu lar assignm ent, or p e rfo rm related duties
o f a su p ervisory or adm inistrative nature.
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR
P r e p a re s working plans and detail drawings fro m notes,
rough or detailed sketches fo r en gineering, con stru ction , or manu­
facturing p u rp oses.
Duties involve a com bination o f the following:
P repa rin g working plans, detail draw ings, m aps, c r o s s -s e c t io n s , etc.,
to scale by use of drafting instrum ents; making engineering com puta­
tions such as those involved in strength o f m a te ria ls, beam s and
tru s s e s ; verifyin g com pleted w ork, checking dim en sion s, m aterials
to be used, and quantities; writing sp ecifica tion s; making adjustments
or changes in drawings or sp e cifica tio n s. May ink in lin es and letters
on pencil draw ings, prepare detail units o f com plete drawings, or
tra ce draw ings.
W ork is frequently in a sp ecia lized field such as
a rch itectu ral, e le c tr ic a l, m echan ical, or structural drafting.

24
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued

A re g is te r e d nurse who gives nursing s e r v ic e to ill or injured
em ployees or other per soils who b ecom e ill or suffer an accident on
the p re m ise s o f a fa ctory or other establish m en t.
Duties involve a
com bination of the follow in gi Giving fir s t aid to the ill or injured;
attending to subsequent dressin g o f em p lo y e e s' in ju rie s; keeping r e c o rd s
o f patients treated; preparing accident rep orts for com pensation or
other p u rp oses; conducting physical exam inations and health evaluations
o f applicants and em p loy ees; and planning and ca rryin g out p rogram s
involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation o f plant

environm ent, or other a ctiv itie s
safety o f all person n el.

Maintenance

affectin g

the health, w e lfa re ,

and

TRACER
C opies plans and draw ings p re p a re d by o th ers, by placing
tracin g cloth or paper o v e r drawing and tracin g with pen or p e n cil.
U ses T -sq u a re , com pa ss, and other drafting t o o ls .
May p rep are
sim ple drawings and do sim ple le tte rin g .

nd

Powerplant

CARPEN TER, MAINTENANCE

ENGINEER, STATIONARY

P erform s- the carpen try duties n e ce s s a r y to con stru ct and
maintain in good rep a ir building w oodw ork and equipment such as bins,
cr ib s , cou n ters, bench es, partitions, d o o rs, flo o r s , sta irs, ca sin gs,
and trim made o f wood in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of
the follow in g: Planning and laying out o f w ork fro m blu eprints, draw ­
ings, m od els, or verbal instru ction s; using a va riety o f ca rp e n te r's
handtools, portable pow er to o ls, and standard m easuring instrum ents;
making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions o f work;
selecting m a terials n e ce s s a r y for the w ork. In gen eral, the w ork o f
the maintenance carpen ter req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce
usually a cq u ired through a form a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent train ­
ing and ex p erien ce.

Operates and m aintains and m ay a lso su p ervise the op eration
o f stationary engines and equipment (m ech a n ica l or e le c tr ic a l) to sup­
ply the establishm ent in which em p loyed with pow er, heat, r e fr ig e r a ­
tion, or air conditioning.
W ork in v olv es: Operating and maintaining
equipment such as steam en gin es, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e ra to rs, m o ­
to r s , turbines, ventilating and re frig e ra tin g equipm ent, steam b o ile r s
and b o ile r -fe d water pum ps; making equipment r e p a ir s ; keeping a
r e c o r d o f operation of m a ch in ery, tem p era tu re, and fuel con su m p ­
tion . May a lso supervise th ese o p e ra tio n s. Head o r ch ie f en gin eers
in establishm ents em ploying m o re than one engineer are exclu d ed.

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
P e r fo r m s a va riety o f e le c tr ic a l trade functions such as the
installation, m aintenance, or rep a ir o f equipment fo r the generating,
distribution, or utilization o f e le c tr ic energy in an establishm ent.
W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Installing or repairin g any of
a variety o f e le ctr ic a l equipment such as g en era to rs, tr a n s fo r m e rs ,
sw itchboards, co n tr o lle rs , circu it b re a k e rs, m o to rs, heating units,
conduit system s, or other tra n sm ission equipment; working fro m b lu e­
prints, draw ings, layout, or other s p ecifica tion s; locatin g and diag­
nosing trouble in the e le c tr ic a l system or equipment; working standard
com putations relating to load requ irem en ts o f w iring or e le c tr ic a l
equipment; using a va riety o f e le c tr ic ia n 's handtools and m easuring
and testing instrum ents.
In gen eral, the w ork o f the m aintenance
e le ctricia n req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually a c ­
quired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and
exp erien ce.



FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
F ire s stationary b o ile r s to furn ish the establishm ent in which
em ployed with heat, pow er, or steam .
F eed s fu els to fir e by hand
or operates a m echanical sto k e r, ga s, or o il burn er; ch eck s water
and safety v a lv es.
May clea n , o il, or a s s is t in rep a irin g b o ile r ro o m equipment.
H ELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE
A ssists one or m o re w o rk e rs in the sk illed m aintenance
tra d es, by p erform in g s p e c ific o r gen eral duties o f le s s e r sk ill, such
as keeping a w orker supplied with m a te ria ls and to o ls ; cleaning w o rk ­
ing a rea , m achine, and equipm ent; a ssistin g w ork er by holding m a ­
te ria ls or to o ls; perform in g other unskilled tasks as d ire cte d by jo u r ­
neym an. The kind o f w ork the h elper is p erm itted to p e rfo rm v a rie s
fro m trade to trade: In som e trad es the helper is confined to sup­
plying, lifting, and holding m a te ria ls and to o ls, and cleaning w orking
a re a s; and in others he is p erm itted to p e rfo rm s p e cia liz e d m achine
op eration s, or parts o f a trade that are a lso p e rfo rm e d by w o rk e rs
on a fu ll-tim e b a sis.

25
M ACH IN E-TOO L O P E R A T O R , TOOLROOM

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE

S p ecia lizes in the op eration o f one or m ore types o f m achine
to o ls , such as jig b o r e r s , cy lin d rica l or su rface g r in d e rs , engine
lath es, o r m illin g m ach in es in the con stru ction o f m ach in e-sh op to o ls ,
gau ges, jig s , fix tu res, or d ie s . W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g:
Planning and p erform in g d ifficu lt machining op erations; p ro ce ss in g
item s req u irin g co m p lica te d setups or a high degree o f a ccu ra cy ;
using a va riety o f p r e c is io n m easuring instrum ents; selectin g feed s,
speed s, toolin g and op era tion sequence; making n e ce s s a r y adju st­
m ents during op era tion to a ch ieve requ isite tolera n ces or dim en sion s.
May be re q u ired to r e c o g n iz e when tools need d ressin g, to d re s s to o ls,
and to s e le c t p rop er coolan ts and cutting and lubricating o ils .
F or
c r o s s -in d u s t r y wage study p u rp oses, m a ch in e-tool o p e ra to rs, to o lro o m ,
in tool and die jobbing shops a re excluded fro m this cla ss ifica tio n .

R epa irs m ach in ery or m echan ical equipment o f an estab lish ­
m ent.
W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g: Examining'* m achines
and m echan ical equipment to diagnose sou rce o f trouble; dismantling
or partly dism antling m achines and perform in g re p a irs that mainly
involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing
broken or d efectiv e parts with item s obtained fro m stock; orderin g the
production o f a rep lacem en t part by a machine shop or sending of
the m achine to a m achine shop fo r m a jor re p a irs; preparing written
sp ecifica tion s fo r m a jo r re p a irs o r for the production o f parts ord ered
fro m m achine shop; rea ssem blin g m achines; and making all n e ce ssa ry
adjustm ents fo r op era tion .
In gen eral, the w ork o f a maintenance
m echan ic req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired
through a form a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent training and exp erien ce.
E xcluded fro m this cla ss ifica tio n a re w ork ers w hose prim ary duties
involve setting up or adjusting m a ch in es.

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
MILLWRIGHT
P r o d u c e s rep la cem en t parts and new parts in making re p a irs
o f m etal p arts o f m ech a n ical equipment operated in an establishm ent.
W ork in v o lv es m ost o f the follow in g: Interpreting w ritten in s tru c­
tions and s p e cifica tio n s ; planning and laying out of w ork; using a v a ­
rie ty o f m a ch in is trs handtools and p re cis io n m easuring instrum ents;
setting up and op erating standard machine to o ls; shaping o f m etal
parts to c lo s e to le ra n ce s ; making standard shop com putations re la t­
ing to d im en sion s o f w ork, toolin g, feeds and speeds o f machining;
knowledge o f the w orking p ro p e rtie s of the com m on m eta ls; selectin g
standard m a te ria ls , p a rts, and equipment requ ired for his w ork; fitting
and a ssem b lin g parts into m echan ical equipment. In gen eral, the
m a c h in is ts w ork n orm a lly req u ires a rounded training in m ach ineshop p ra ctice usually a cq u ired through a form a l appren ticesh ip or
equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce .

Installs new m achines o r heavy equipment and dism antles and
installs m achines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant la y ­
out are re q u ire d . W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g: Planning and
laying out o f the w ork; interpreting blueprints or other specification s;
using a v a riety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop c o m ­
putations relating to s tr e s s e s , strength of m a teria ls, and cen ters of
gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selectin g standard tools,
equipm ent, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good
o rd e r power tra n sm ission equipment such as d rives and speed r e ­
d u c e rs . In gen eral, the m illw r ig h ts w ork n orm a lly req u ires a rounded
training and exp erien ce in the trade acqu ired through a form al appren­
ticesh ip o r equivalent training and e x p erien ce.
OILER

MECHANIC, AUTOM OTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
R ep a irs a u tom ob iles, b u ses, m otortru cks, and tr a c to rs o f
an establish m en t.
W ork in volves m ost of the follow ing: Examining
autom otive equipm ent to diagnose sou rce of trouble; d isassem blin g
equipment and p erform in g re p a irs that involve the use o f such handto o ls as w ren ch es, gau ges, d r ills , or sp ecia lized equipment in d is ­
assem b lin g o r fitting p a rts; rep lacin g broken or defective parts fro m
stock; grinding and adjusting v a lv es; reassem blin g and installing the
va riou s a ss e m b lie s in the veh icle and making n e ce ssa ry adjustm ents;
alining w h eels, adjusting bra kes and lights, or tightening body b o lts.
In ge n e ra l, the w ork o f the autom otive m echanic req u ires rounded
training and ex p erien ce usually acquired through a form a l a p p ren tice­
ship o r equivalent training and ex p erien ce.



L u b rica tes, with oil or g re a s e , the m oving parts or wearing
su rfa ces o f m echan ical equipment o f an establishm ent.
PA IN TE R , MAINTENANCE
Paints and re d e co ra te s w a lls, w oodw ork, and fixtures of an
establish m en t.
W ork involves the follow ing: Knowledge of surface
p e cu lia ritie s and types o f paint requ ired for differen t applications;
preparing su rface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing
putty or fille r in nail holes and in te rstice s; applying paint with spray
gun or bru sh.
May m ix c o lo r s , o ils , white lead, and other paint
ingredients to obtain prop er co lo r or co n siste n cy .
In general, the
w ork o f the maintenance painter req u ires rounded training and e x ­
p erien ce usually acqu ired through a form a l apprenticeship or equiva­
lent training and exp e rie n ce .

26
P IP E F IT T E R , MAINTENANCE

SH EE T-M ETA L WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued

Installs or rep a irs w ater, steam , gas, or other types o f pipe
and pipefittings in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the f o l­
low ing: Laying out o f w ork and m easuring to loca te position o f pipe
from drawings or other written sp ecifica tion s; cutting va riou s sizes
o f pipe to c o r r e c t lengths with ch isel and ham m er or oxyacetylene
torch or pipe-cutting m achine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies;
bending pipe by hand-driven or p ow er-d riv en m achines; assem bling
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard
shop com putations relating to p re s s u r e s , flow , and size o f pipe r e ­
quired; making standard tests to determ ine whether finished pipes m eet
sp e cifica tion s.
In gen eral, the w ork o f the maintenance pipefitter
req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a
form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce . W orkers
p rim a rily engaged in installing and rep airin g building sanitation or
heating system s are exclu d ed .

and laying out all types o f sh e e t-m e ta l m aintenance w ork fr o m b lu e­
prints, m od els, or other s p e cifica tio n s ; setting up and operating all
available types o f sh eet-m eta l-w ork in g m ach in es; using a va rie ty o f
handtools in cutting, bending, fo rm in g , shaping, fitting, and a s s e m ­
bling; installing sh eet-m etal a r tic le s as re q u ire d .
In gen era l, the
w ork o f the maintenance sh e e t-m e ta l w ork er re q u ire s rounded training
and experien ce usually acq u ired through a fo rm a l app ren ticesh ip or
equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce .

PLUM BER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system o f an establishm ent in good o rd e r .
W ork involves: Knowledge o f sanitary cod es regardin g installation of
vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or repairin g pipes and
fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b errs snake.
In gen eral, the w ork o f the maintenance plum ber req u ires rounded
training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l a pp ren tice­
ship or equivalent training and exp erien ce.
SH EE T-M ETA L WORKER, MAINTENANCE
F a b rica tes, in stalls, and maintains in good rep a ir the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, g rea se pans,
sh elves, lo c k e r s , tanks, ven tila tors, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing)
o f an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Planning

Custodial

and

(D iem aker; jig m aker; to o lm a k e r;

T ran sports p assen gers between flo o r s o f an o ffice building,
apartment house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ila r establishm ent.
W orkers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such
as those o f starters and jan itors are excluded.
GUARD
P e r fo r m s routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on
tour, maintaining o rd e r , using a rm s or fo r c e where n e ce s s a r y . In­
clude s gatem en who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity of
em ployees and other person s en terin g.

fixture m a k er;

gauge m aker)

C onstructs and re p a irs m a ch in e-sh op to o ls , gauges, jig s , fix ­
tures or dies for forgin gs, punching and other m e ta l-fo rm in g w ork.
W ork involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f w ork
fro m m od els, blueprints, draw ings, o r other o ra l and w ritten s p e c ifi­
cation s; using a variety o f tool and die m aker rs handtools and p re c is io n
m easuring instrum ents; understanding o f the w orking p ro p e rtie s o f
cotnm on m etals and a lloys; setting up and operating o f m achine tools
and related equipment; making n e c e s s a r y shop com putations relating
to dim ensions o f work, speeds, fe e d s , and tooling o f m ach ines; heattreating of m etal parts during fa b rica tion as w ell as o f finished tools
and dies to achieve req u ired q u a lities; w orking to c lo s e to le ra n ce s ;
fitting and assem bling o f parts to p r e s c r ib e d to le ra n ce s and a llo w ­
ances; selecting appropriate m a te ria ls , to o ls , and p r o c e s s e s .
In
gen eral, the tool and die m aker *s w ork re q u ire s a rounded training
in m ach ine-sh op and to o lro o m p ra ctice usually a cq u ired through a
form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce .
For cr o s s-in d u stry wage study p u rp oses, to o l and die m akers
in tool and die jobbing shops a re exclu ded fr o m this c la s s ifica tio n .

Material

ELEVATOR OPERATO R, PASSENGER




TOOL AND DIE MAKER

Movement

JANITOR, PO RTE R, OR CLEANER
(Sweeper; charwoman; ja n itr e s s)
Cleans and keeps in an o r d e r ly condition fa cto ry working
areas and w ash room s, or p re m is e s of an o ffic e , apartm ent house,
or co m m e rcia l or other establish m en t. Duties involve a com bination
o f the follow ing: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbin g, and polishing flo o r s ;
rem oving chips, trash, and other re fu se ; dusting equipm ent, furniture,
or fixtures; polishing m etal fixtu res o r trim m in gs; providing supplies
and m inor maintenance s e r v ic e s ; cleaning la v a to rie s , sh ow ers, and
re s tr o o m s .
W orkers who s p e cia liz e in window washing are exclu ded.

27
LA B O R E R, M A T E R IA L HANDLING
(L oader and unloader; handler and stacker; sh elver; tru ck er;
stockm an or stock h elp er; w arehousem an or w arehouse h elp er)
A w ork er em ployed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant,
s to r e , or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or m o re of
the follow in g: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erch a n ­
dise on or from freigh t c a r s , tru ck s, or other transporting d e v ice s;
unpacking, sh elving, or placing m a terials or m erchandise in p rop er
storage location ; transporting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck ,
c a r , or w h eelbarrow . L on gsh orem en , who load and unload ships are
exclu ded.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued
other r e c o r d s ; checking for shortages and rejectin g damaged goods;
routing m erch an d ise or m a terials to p ro p e r departm ents; maintaining
n e ce s s a ry r e c o rd s and file s .
F o r wage study p u rp o se s, w ork ers are c la s s ifie d as follow s:
R eceivin g cle rk
Shipping cle rk
Shipping and receiv in g cle rk
TRUCKDRIVER

ORDER FILLER
(O rd er p ick e r; stock s e le c to r ; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or tra n sfer ord ers for finished goods from
s to re d m erch an d ise in a ccord a n ce with specification s on sales s lip s ,
c u s t o m e r s 1 o r d e r s , or other in stru ction s. M ay, in addition to fillin g
o rd e r s and indicating item s fille d or om itted, keep re c o rd s of out­
going o r d e r s , req u isition additional stock , or report short supplies
to s u p e r v is o r , and p e rfo rm other related duties.

D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport
m a te ria ls , m e rch a n d ise, equipm ent, or m en between variou s types of
establishm ents such as: M anufacturing plants, freigh t depots, w a re ­
h ou ses, w holesale and retail establish m en ts, or between retail estab ­
lishm ents and c u s to m e r s ’ houses or p la ces o f b u sin ess.
May a lso
load or unload truck with or without h e lp e rs , make m in or m echanical
r e p a ir s , and keep truck in good working o rd e r . D r iv e r-sa le s m e n and
o v e r -th e -r o a d d riv e rs are exclu d ed .
F o r wage study p u rp o ses, tru ck d riv ers are cla ss ifie d by size
and type of equipm ent, as follow s:
(T r a c t o r -tr a ile r should be rated
on the b asis of tr a ile r capacity. )

PA C K E R , SHIPPING
P r e p a re s finished prod u cts for shipment or storage by placing
them in shipping con ta in ers, the s p e cific operations p e rfo rm e d being
dependent upon the type, s iz e , and number of units to be packed, the
type of container em p loyed, and m ethod of shipment. Work req u ires
the placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or
m o re o f the follow in g : Knowledge of various item s of stock in ord er
to v e r ify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container;
insertin g e n clo su re s in con tainer; using e x c e ls io r or other m a terial to
preven t breakage or dam age; closin g and sealing container; applying
labels or entering identifying data on container.
P ack ers who a lso
m ake w ooden b oxes or cra tes are excluded.
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P re p a re s m erch an d ise fo r shipment, or re ce iv e s and is r e ­
spon sible for incom ing shipm ent of m erchandise or other m a te ria ls.
Shipping w ork in v o lv e s : A knowledge of shipping p ro ce d u re s , p r a c ­
t ic e s , rou tes, available m eans o f transportation and ra tes; and p r e ­
paring re c o rd s o f the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, p o s t­
ing weight and shipping ch a rg e s, and keeping a file of shipping r e c o r d s .
May d ire ct or a s s is t in preparin g the m erchandise fo r shipment.
R eceivin g w ork in v o lv e s : V erifyin g or directing others in verifyin g
the co r re c tn e s s of shipm ents against b ills of lading, in v o ic e s , or



T ru ck d riv er
T ru ck d riv e r,
T ru ck d riv e r,
T ru ck d riv e r,
T ru ck d riv e r,

(com bination of s iz e s listed sepa ra tely)
light (under \S/z to n s)
m edium ( 1V2 to and including 4 ton s)
heavy (over 4 ton s, tr a ile r typ e)
heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type)

TRUCKER, POWER
Operates a m anually con trolled ga so lin e - or e le c tr ic -p o w e r e d
truck o r tra cto r to tran sport goods and m a terials of all kinds about
a w areh ou se, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent.
F o r wage study p u rp o se s, w ork ers are c la s s ifie d by type of
truck , as follow s:
T ru ck e r, pow er (forklift)
T ru ck e r, pow er (other than fo rk lift)
WATCHMAN
M akes rounds o f p re m ise s p e rio d ica lly in protecting property
against fir e , theft, and illega l entry.

☆ U. S. GOVERNMENTPRINTINGOFFICE :1956O-384760