The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
N E W A R K -J E R S E Y C IT Y , N. J. D E C E M B E R 1954 BLS Bulletin No. 1172-8 U N ITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner House Document No. 40 84th Congress, 1st Session Occupational Wage Survey NEWARK-JERSEY CITY, N. J. December 1954 Bulletin N o. 1 1 7 2 -8 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 20 cents C ONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION ......... ............... ............................ ........................... ............ 1 O ccupational earnings * A - 1 O ffice occupations ___________________________________ A - 2 P ro fe ss io n a l and technical occupations ___________ A - 3 Maintenance and powerplant occupations __________ A -4 C ustodial and m aterial m ovem ent occupations ____ B: Establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplementarywage p rovision s B -1 Shift d ifferen tial p rovision s * ______________________ B -2 Minimum entrance rates fo r wom en o ffice w orkers B - 3 F requen cy o f wage p a y m e n t________________________ B -4 Scheduled weekly hours * ___________________________ B -5 Paid holiday p rovision s * __________________________ B -6 Paid vacations * _____________________________________ APPENDIX: Job d escrip tion s ______________________________________ * NOTE: S im ilar tabulations (a lso cov erin g health, insurance, and pen sion plans) are available in the N e w a rk -J e rse y C ity area reports fo r N ovem ber 1951, N ovem ber 1952, and D ecem b er 1953. The 1953 report a lso p rovid es tabulations of wage structure c h a r a c te r is tic s , labor-m anagem en t a g r e e m ents, and overtim e pay p ro v isio n s. A d ire cto ry indicating date o f study and the p rice of the re p o rts , as w ell as rep orts for other m ajor a re a s , is available upon request. C urrent rep orts on occupational earnings and supplem entary wage p ra ctice s in the N ew a rk -J ersey C ity area are also available fo r m ach in ery in du stries, (January 1955), leath er tanning (May 1954), and m en 's and b o y s ' d ress shirts (May 1954). Union s c a le s , indicative of prevailing pay le v e ls , are available fo r the follow in g trades o r industries: Building con stru ction , printing, lo c a l transit operating em p loyees, and m otortruck d r iv e r s . 00 C " o A: u> TABLES: 10 11 12 12 13 14 16 OCCUPATIONAL WAGE SURVEY - Introduction CITY, N. J.* Data a r e sh ow n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i. e . , t h o se h ir e d to w o r k a f u l l - t i m e s c h e d u le f o r the g iv e n o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a tio n . E a r n i n g s data e x c lu d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and late s h ift s . N o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u s e s a r e a l s o e x c l u d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s and in cen tive e a rn in g s a r e in c l u d e d . W h e re w e e k l y h o u rs a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w o r k s ch e d u le s (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a l f - h o u r ) f o r w h ich s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a r e p aid; a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n in g s f o r th ese o c c u p a t io n s have been ro u n d e d to the n e a r e s t 50 c e n t s . Th e N e w a r k - J e r s e y C ity a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l i m p o r tant in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s in w h i c h the B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta t i s t ic s has c o n d u c t e d s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l ea rn in g s and r e la t e d w a g e b e n e f it s on an a r e a w i d e b a s i s . In e a ch a r e a , data a r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u fi e l d agents to r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l is h m e n t s w ith in 6 b r o a d in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n (e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l tra d e ; fi n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . M a j o r in d u s try g r o u p s e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s e s tu d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t in stitu tions and the c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s . E s t a b li s h m e n t s having f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s w e r e a l s o o m i t t e d s i n c e th e y f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d to w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n . *1 W h e r e v e r p o s s i b l e , s e p a r a t e t a b u la tio n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r the in d iv id u a l b r o a d in d u stry d i v i s i o n s . O c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e f e r to the total in a ll e s t a b l is h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and not to the n u m b e r a c t u a ll y s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the e s t i m a t e s of o c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t ob ta in e d f r o m the s a m p l e of e s t a b l is h m e n t s studied s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s studied. T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e do not m a t e r ia ll y a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y o f the ea r n in g s data. T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a sa m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , and to e n s u r e p r o m p t p u b l i c a t i o n o f r e s u l t s . T o ob ta in a p p r o p r i a t e a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n of la r g e than o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is stu d ied . In co m b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e giv en th e ir £iL>propriate w e ig h t. E s t i m a t e s a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , as re la t in g to a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the i n d u s t r y g r o u p in g and a r e a , but not to th o se b e l o w the m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d i e d . 2 E s t a b l i s h m e nt P r a c t i c e s and Suppl e m e n t a r y Wage P r o v is io n s I n fo r m a t io n is a l s o p r e s e n t e d on s e l e c t e d e s t a b l is h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fit s as th ey r e la t e to o f f i c e and plant w o r k e r s . The t e r m , ’ ’o f f i c e w o r k e r s ” , as u s e d in this b u lle tin in c l u d e s a ll o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s and e x c lu d e s a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l . " P la n t w o r k e r s ” in clu d e w o r k i n g f o r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s (inclu din g le a d m e n and t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f fic e f u n c t io n s . A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n ic a l e m p l o y e e s , and f o r c e a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t i o n e m p l o y e e s w ho a r e u t il iz e d as a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s and r o u t e m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa c tu r in g i n d u s t r ie s but a r e in c lu d e d as plant w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ct u rin g i n d u s t r i e s . O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n i n g s O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n i f o r m set o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to take a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u tie s w ith in the s a m e jo b (s e e A pp en d ix f o r li s tin g o f t h e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s ) . E a r n i n g s data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r the f o l lo w in g ty p e s o f o c c u p a t i o n s : (a) O ffice c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ; (c ) m a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t ; and (d) c u s t o d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t . S h i f t - d i f f e r e n t i a l data a r e li m it e d to m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u stries. T h is in f o r m a t i o n is p r e s e n t e d both in t e r m s of (a) e s t a b l is h m e n t p o l i c y 3 and (b) e f f e c t i v e p r o v i s i o n s f o r w o r k e r s * T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u ’ s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in N e w Y o r k , N. Y . , b y T h e o d o r e A l l i s o n u nd er the d i r e c t i o n o f P a u l E . W a r w i c k , R e g i o n a l W age and In d u stria l R e la t i o n s A nalyst. 1 See f o l l o w i n g t a b le f o r m i n i m u m - s i z e e s t a b l is h m e n t c o v e r e d b y stu d y . 2 An e x c e p t i o n is m a d e in the ta b u la tion o f m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s w h ich r e la t e s to p r o v i s i o n s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a c t u a l l y s tu d ie d . NEWARK-JERSEY 3 An e s t a b l is h m e n t w as c o n s i d e r e d as h a v in g a p o l i c y if it m e t e it h e r o f the fo l lo w in g c o n d it i o n s : ( l ) O p e ra t e d late shifts at the tim e of the s u r v e y , o r (2) had f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g late s h ift s . (i) 2 a c t u a ll y e m p l o y e d on e x t r a sh ifts at the ti m e o f the s u r v e y . T a b u la tio n s r e la t in g to e s t a b l is h m e n t p o l i c y a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s of tota l plant w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t ; e s t i m a t e s in the s e c o n d ta b u la tion r e l a t e o n ly to th o s e w o r k e r s a c t u a ll y e m p l o y e d on the s p e c i f i e d sh ift. S u p p l e m e n t a r y p r a c t i c e s , o th e r than m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , and shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s , a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s i s that th e s e a r e p r o v i d e d to a ll w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in o f f i c e s o r plant d e p a r t m e n t s that o b s e r v e the p r a c t i c e in q u e s t i o n . 4* B e c a u s e o f v a r y in g e l i g i b i l i t y r e 4 S ch e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( f i r s t s e c t i o n o f table B - 4 ) a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f the p r o p o r t i o n of w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in o f f i c e s with the in d ic a t e d w e e k l y h o u r s for wom en w ork ers. q u i r e m e n t s , the p r o p o r t i o n a c t u a l l y r e c e i v i n g the s p e c i f i c b e n e fit s m a y be s m a l l e r . M o r e o v e r , a p r a c t i c e was c o n s id e r e d as a p p l i c a b l e to a ll o f f i c e o r p lan t w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t if it a p p lie d to a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s . B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s of in d ivid ual it e m s in t h e s e t a b u la t io n s d o n ot n e c e s s a r i l y equ al tota ls. The s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s is l i m i t e d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s , e x clu d in g i n f o r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y ti m e o f f w ith p a y is g ra n ted at the d i s c r e t i o n o f the e m p l o y e r o r the s u p e r v isor. S e p a ra te e s t i m a t e s a r e p r o v i d e d a c c o r d i n g to e m p l o y e r p r a c t i c e in c o m p u tin g v a c a t i o n p a y m e n t s , s u c h as t i m e p a y m e n t s , p e r c e n t of annual e a r n in g s , o r f l a t - s u m a m o u n t s . H o w e v e r , in the ta bulations o f v a c a t i o n a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n ts not on a t im e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t of 2 p e r c e n t of annual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as the e q u iv a le n t of 1 w eek ’ s pay. E sta b lish m en ts and W o rk e rs W ithin S co p e o f S u rv e y and N u m b er S tu died in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , N. J. , 1 b y M a jo r In d u stry D iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 1954 Ind ustry d iv is io n M in im u m s iz e e s ta b lis h m e n t in s c o p e o f study 2 W ithin sco p e of study W ith in s c o p e o f study S tudied Studied T o t a l3 O ffic e P la n t T o t a l3 1 ,0 4 6 263 3 8 7 ,6 0 0 69, 200 2 5 2 ,2 0 0 2 2 5 ,2 5 0 101 “ 577 469 141 122 2 61 ,30 0 126 ,30 0 3 2 ,1 0 0 3 7 ,1 0 0 1 9 0 ,4 0 0 6 1 ,8 0 0 1 4 4 ,2 3 0 8 1 ,0 2 0 101 51 47 149 15 34 3 3 ,0 0 0 1 6,2 00 7 ,3 0 0 4, 000 1 9 ,9 0 0 7, 100 2 7 ,3 7 0 5, 060 101 51 51 61 88 124 21 22 30 2 6 ,6 0 0 2 8 ,5 0 0 2 2 ,0 0 0 2, 400 2 0 ,3 0 0 (7 1 ) 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 1 ,3 0 0 900 (7) 1 8 ,5 1 0 1 7 ,6 2 0 1 2 ,4 6 0 A ll d iv is io n s ___________________________________________________ M anu factu ring _________________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________________________ T r a n s p o r ta tio n (ex clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilities 4 __________ W h o le sa le tra d e ___________________________________________ R e ta il tra d e (e x c e p t lim it e d -p r ic e v a r ie ty s to r e s ) ____________________________________________________ F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ___________________ S e r v ic e s 6 __________________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts N u m b er o f e sta b lish m e n ts 5 1 The N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity A r e a (E s s e x , H udson, and Union C o u n t ie s ). T he " w o r k e r s w ithin s co p e o f study" e s tim a te s show n in this tab le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u rv e y . The e s tim a te s a re not intended, h o w e v e r, to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r a re a e m p lo y m ent in d ice s to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tren d s o r le v e ls s in ce ( l) planning o f w age s u rv e y s r e q u ir e s the use o f es ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce o f the pay p e r io d stu died and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re ex clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f s u rv e y . 2 In clu d es a ll esta b lis h m e n ts with total e m p loy m e n t at o r a bov e the m in im u m s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll outlets (within the a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s trie s as tra d e , fin a n ce , auto r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o tio n -p ic t u r e th ea ters a re c o n s id e r e d as one e s ta b lis h m e n t. 3 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , te c h n ic a l, p r o fe s s io n a l and oth er w o r k e r s e x clu d e d f r o m the se p a ra te o ffic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s . 4 A ls o e x c lu d e s t a x ic a b s , and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w a te r t ra n s p o r ta tio n in clu d e d in e a r l i e r stu d ie s. 5 E stim a te re la te s to r e a l esta te e s ta b lis h m e n ts on ly . 6 H o te ls ; p e rs o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; ra d io b r o a d c a s tin g and te le v is io n ; m o tio n p ic tu r e ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e rin g and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . 7 This in d u stry d iv is io n is re p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s , a lth ough c o v e r a g e was in s u ffic ie n t to ju s t ify s e p a ra te p re s e n ta tio n o f data. A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l: Office Occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N . J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954) NUMBER OF WO RK ER S RECEI VI NG STRAI GHT- TI ME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF A vebaok Sex, occupation, Number of workers and in du stry d ivision Weekly hours (Standard) Weekly earnings (Standard) 8 Under 3 5 .0 0 and $ 3 5 .0 0 under 37 .5 0 $ 3 7 .5 0 8 40 .0 0 $ 4 2 .5 0 8 45 .0 0 s 8 8 8 8 8 s S 8 s 8 8 8 $ 8 8 4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 00 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 2 . 5 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 ,5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 72 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 80 .0 0 85 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 and over 9 5 .0 0 M en * 272 2 38 55 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 84 .0 0 81 .5 0 3 7 .5 3 6 .5 8 6 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________ 387 137 3 9 .0 39 .0 7 3 .5 0 r 6 5 . 50 C l e r k s , o r d e r ______________________________________ M an u facturin g ... N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ _______________________ W h olesa le trade 426 212 214 200 3 9 .0 39 .0 3 9 .0 .3 9.0 7 7 .5 0 78 .0 0 77 .0 0 76 .5 0 C lerk s, p ayroll ___________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ 232 181 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 77 .5 0 7 7 .0 0 _________________________________________ O ffice boy s M an u fa cturin g .......... _ _ 512 253 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 3 7 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 4 6 .0 0 42 .5 0 39 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 450 163 3 8 .0 517 246 C lerk s, accounting, M an u fa cturin g 510 class A _ _ _ N onm anufacturing Finance** _ _ ______________________ . .. N onm anufacturing . . . . . . W h olesale trade F inan ce** . ... ................... ___ . .... . _ ._ Tabu latin g-m ach in e o p e ra to rs _ M an u fa cturin g _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ ' - - - _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - - 60 15 29 12 45 17 9 27 6 8 .0 0 _ 3 9 .0 72 .5 0 “ 3 7 .5 3 8 .5 3 6 .5 56 .5 0 55 .0 0 57 .5 0 - 1 - - 1 62 83 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 56 .0 0 58 .0 0 54 .0 0 286 140 146 10 7 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 59 .0 0 6 3 .5 0 55 .0 0 53 .0 0 829 224 605 113 37 38 37 39 53 .0 0 59 .0 0 51 .0 0 5 5 . 50 3 3 - 57 259 57 131 4 4 .0 0 - - - _ _ - - - - _ 10 - 3 2 40 23 - _ _ _ 11 _ - 1 1 - - - - - - - 11 - - - - _ _ 3 1 - - - 66 36 - - 1 - 4 - 2 - 6 4 1 4 2 8 4 4 1 - 2 2 ~ 1 17 3 6 3 9 - _ _ 27 22 74 54 - 20 14 6 1 46 10 15 4 36 10 5 1 20 5 44 24 13 11 18 12 30 24 14 11 13 4 13 32 11 30 8 22 22 15 7 9 5 4 4 79 45 34 33 28 16 59 40 12 12 19 17 39 24 9 72 46 26 6 42 25 7 1 11 8 8 26 8 18 17 44 24 20 16 13 13 17 8 73 31 37 22 15 100 ‘ 3 40 60 - - 1 39 2 41 43 23 14 27 21 - 9 9 - . 4 7 6 6 1 43 4 58 - - 4 6 6 9 6 16 1 16 1 38 1 51 34 20 14 - 37 23 53 45 8 - 15 3 7 4 10 7 3 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 - 7 6 1 - 1 _ 12 - 1 _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 21 21 8 8 11 10 20 20 4 33 20 38 Ill 9 3 23 15 4 4 39 72 21 39 44 20 24 8 11 19 7 9 3 3 3 - 3 - - - - - - - - - _ _ 3 10 1 11 9 33 10 13 5 94 32 26 4 11 26 17 60 18 9 6 13 7 4 “ 9 5 54 " 13 8 17 - 45 1 2 - 23 - 44 35 20 13 95 36 53 13 64 40 11 6 6 12 8 6 5 4 3 17 14 6 _ 10 _ 2 _ 5 _ 15 _ 23 9 7 59 40 49 15 49 41 2 8 29 - 4 1 3 6 10 2 5 15 - 12 7 5 25 8 17 21 8 13 16 9 1 8 7 5 1 _ _ _ . _ _ 2 . _ _ 1 8 6 2 _ 2 - - - 2 - - 42 16 26 13 30 15 15 10 18 7 3 4 3 15 13 2 9 2 7 21 1 19 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 - 2 - - - - 23 16 7 _ 4 9 9 . _ 14 1 _ _ 1 _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ 30 6 14 - " 37 2 W om en B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) _______ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g .. . B ille r s , m a ch in e (book k eepin g m a ch in e) M an u fa ctu rin g ... ____ .... ______ __ N onm anufacturing ........... .. _ _ _ B ook k eep in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs, class A . . . .... . M an u fa cturin g .. .... N on m a n u fa ctu rin g F inan ce** .. _ . . . _ _ B ook k eep in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs , class B . . ....... ..................... M an u fa ctu rin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g W h olesa le trade Finance** __ C lerk s, accounting, M an u fa ctu rin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ........... _ _ . class _ A _ . . . _ . _ . ____________________________ 271 145 .5 .5 .5 .5 _ 4 - 1 - 5 1 4 12 3 - 9 2 7 9 2 1 1 11 - 1 - - 3 - 6 - 9 _ - - 9 9 13 13 4 1 3 3 20 1 6 6 18 1 17 16 13 _ 3 3 57 - 38 - 19 - 41 _ 57 - 38 - 19 - 41 4 37 9 46 92 24 68 12 52 20 5 15 4 8 21 19 36 8 25 15 3 12 22 4 18 10 3 49 21 22 2 32 16 7 28 20 16 36 .5 4 9 .0 0 3 38 17 539 319 220 38 .5 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 6 8 .5 0 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - S ee fo o tn o te s a t en d o f t a b le . * T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , * * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e . c o m m u n ic a tio n , 12 31 4 429 72 .0 0 63 .5 0 43 a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . 93 25 68 7 45 21 21 66 6 60 s— 5 19 15 91 34 57 35 55 14 2 53 49 4 2 91 38 53 24 29 17 8 9 8 11 7 3 68 25 43 4 36 44 13 7 6 68 44 9 35 6 8 24 1 3 1 _ 11 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 - - 1 - - - - 23 62 51 24 78 59 19 26 23 6 19 5 59 45 14 3 9 1 8 19 4 11 2 4 Occupational Wage Survey, N e w ark -J e rsey C ity, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in N e w ark -J e rsey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954) NUM BE R OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAI GHT- TI ME1 WE E KL Y E ARNINGS OF A verage Sex, occupation, of workers and in du stry d iv ision Weekly (Standard) Under Weekly earnings $ (Standard) 3 5 . 0 0 $ 3 5 . 00 class ___ B ___ u tilities* W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e 5 _______________________________ F i n a n c e * * ____________________________________ C le rk s , file, c la s s A M an u facturin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g __________________________ _ F i n a n c e * * ___________________________________ C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............. . . _________________________ N on m a n ufa ctu rin g W h olesale trade __ ....... . _ Finance** C lerk s, o rd e r ..... . M an u fa ctu rin g N on m a n ufa ctu rin g _ _ . . ... _ _ ..................... M an u fa cturin g . .. N on m a n ufa ctu rin g ................. _ ___________________________ C om ptom eter operators M an u fa ctu rin g . . _______________________ _ _ .. N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ W h olesa le trade R e t a i l t r a d e 5 ____________ D u p licatin g-m a ch in e ________________ K ey-punch op era tors __________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________ ____ Non m an u factu rin g O ffice g ir ls .. . .... . .......... _ M a n u f a c t u r i n g .. _ . ....... N o n m a n u f a c t u r in u _ _ ....... . .. .. S ecretaries M an u fa cturin g ....... .. _ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .. . . ...... . .............. .. P u b lic u tilities* . . . ........................ _. W h olesale trade _ . .. ... ___ R e t a i l t r a d e 5 . . . .... . . _ 5 6 .0 0 2 39 .0 3 7 .5 5 7 .0 0 55 .0 0 2 _ - 104 67 139 135 377 12 6 251 14 2 1.308 380 928 122 592 F in a n c e , $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 50 .0 0 S $ 52 .5 0 55 .0 0 S 5 7 .5 0 ~ 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 3 7 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 3 7 .0 5 5 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 5 3 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 3 - 3 - 49 13 3 - 3 - 36 - 2 2 24 6 12 3 13 11 - - . _ . _ - - - - 48 12 36 * 6 0 .0 0 ~ 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 s 6 2 .5 0 S 6 5 .0 0 “ $ $ $ f $ 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 “ 5 5 . 0 0 - 5 7 ^ 5 0 . 60 „ t 0 0 _ - 6 1 a .5(L 6 . 5 . 0 Q - 6 7 . 5 0 18 - 99 31 69 40 118 69 54 68 29 11 - 29 6 3 1 11 49 8 30 7 3 55 11 44 43 5 38 21 1 20 14 9 20 18 46 13 9 88 51 46 4 1 18 23 22 7 1 8 6 18 1 11 21 38 30 8 34 21 13 5 5 . 50 5 2 .5 0 - - - - - 34 33 29 10 31 13 18 15 - 6 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 4 6 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 18 - 26 - 303 192 25 126 62 45 15 22 17 58 24 18 - 26 - 34 - 77 20 4 1 5 - 21 64 12 20 30 - 9 57 67 12 28 42 22 4 5 .0 0 4 4 .5 0 4 3 .0 0 224 76 148 23 97 124 3 7 .5 4 0 .0 37 .0 83 5 78 - 3 9 .0 5 8 .5 0 6 2 .5 0 5 4 . 50 56 .0 0 4 9 .0 0 3 - 1 - 6 - 23 36 22 3 - 1 - 6 2 4 19 9 10 25 4 21 17 4 24 12 8 4 6 16 10 6 49 14 35 26 15 8 7 4 3 29 27 2 11 4 7 48 34 34 14 9 25 25 5 59 19 40 10 64 38 26 8 16 4 50 253 38 190 954 761 193 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 3 7 .5 6 1 .0 0 6 1 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 985 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 3 7 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 6 0 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 5 6 .0 0 _ _ _ - - _ 17 2 15 - - - - 15 38 .0 3 7 .5 5 0 .0 0 4 9 .0 0 9 9 - 3 3 7 1 1 1 23 12 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 5 6 .0 0 _ _ 57 .0 0 5 4 . 50 - - 18 - ~ 18 36 16 20 69 25 - 20 18 2 4 3 .5 0 45 .5 0 15 7 8 42 16 26 99 15 4 3 .0 0 54 6 6 48 11 1 24 370 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 87 84 3.491 3 8 .5 7 2 .0 0 _ _ _ 15 2,246 1,245 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 7 2 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 36 39 39 37 8 7 6 7 _ _ - - _ - 10 - 11 _ - 3 1 _ _ - - 1 - - - 1 4 167 32 124 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 469 516 18 8 222 19 68 109 63 5 6 .5 0 58 .5 0 2 46 3 43 4 83 .5 .5 .0 .5 38 39 38 37 239 174 57 _______________________________ 11 0 69 944 471 47 3 496 126 199 150 85 510 See fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le . * T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , ** $ 4 5 .0 0 " “ s 8 5 .0 0 " J , ( L QQ Z 2 - J 5 Q - 7 5 . . M 8 0 . QQ s % 90 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 and ~ a . 5 j ? o _ 9 Q . Q.Q.. 9 5 . 0 0 over 20 9 9 34 77 16 18 4 _ 48 29 1 10 19 7 _ 2 10 9 9 5 3 13 4 50 18 32 8 _ 10 _ 1 3 1 6 3 1 4 9 1 - 1 1 - 8 1 7 - 9 2 7 - _ 6 _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 2 1 1 - 2 - 2 - - - - - _ 6 2 2 _ _ _ _ 2 4 1 19 10 - _ _ 2 4 _ 2 _ - 2 _ _ _ . _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - 2 2 i i 25 - - - - - - - - - - - 53 9 5 13 3 10 81 27 38 23 23 _ _ 9 9 5 21 6 - 17 15 2 2 2 36 45 8 8 _ 2 _ _ 5 _ _ _ _ _ - 25 28 17 3 4 4 34 30 4 115 96 6 - 14 24 22 2 - - - - - 124 34 38 38 10 23 11 35 3 38 - 27 24 3 7 97 27 89 81 8 4 3 2 8 - 66 40 26 2 80 51 87 25 62 30 18 12 4 _ 7 _ 8 _ 19 16 4 _ 7 _ 8 _ 12 9 2 8 60 45 15 14 19 49 13 32 32 _ _ - - - - - - 2 2 _ _ _ _ - - - - 86 19 89 5 64 22 43 31 131 46 85 31 64 38 26 _ 113 19 20 59 19 40 4 25 41 25 18 11 12 12 5 2 14 8 116 44 57 24 33 76 22 54 10 4 6 35 6 11 29 10 60 10 _ 29 - 19 41 32 24 12 10 6 9 3 94 19 20 4 _ 4 1 3 3 44 1 9 17 13 15 4 11 7 9 1 92 73 20 1 72 41 11 25 12 29 13 _ _ operators ( m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) _______________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ F inance** 3 8 .5 534 46 5 226 _________________________ . _ W h olesale trade R etail trade 5 payroll 1.011 477 N on m a n u fa ctu rin g C lerk s, $ 4 2 .5 0 - C on tin u ed C lerk s, accounting, M an u fa ctu rin g _ P u b lic $ 4 0 .0 0 " 3 7 .5 0 W om en $ 3 7 .5 0 in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . .5 .0 .0 .0 0 1 5 3 .0 .5 .0 .0 c o m m u n ic a tio n , 0 0 0 0 4 a n d o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . 3 10 10 5 6 - 3 19 _ _ 1 18 48 68 77 27 16 1 . 1 96 40 56 - 45 10 15 13 9 1 12 3 9 4 - - - - . _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 152 125 262 310 248 537 341 201 94 18 7 68 57 3 10 2 27 18 5 77 5 20 5 26 472 328 248 104 48 8 5 6 13 169 103 66 16 184 64 214 96 215 126 34 104 97 64 30 10 11 2 26 18 18 58 14 18 6 38 167 81 15 358 9 11 4 24 29 50 30 25 25 _ 12 3 _ - 16 16 . 4 2 _ - - 21 6 15 _ - - 35 10 17 4 13 10 6 4 40 91 70 93 53 1 - 115 61 54 50 18 _ 10 8 3 3 _ _ _ _ - - - - - _ . 144 10 2 2 57 179 21 21 8 52 11 4 65 19 7 2 58 2 1 7 96 91 7 35 11 4 23 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and ea rn in g s1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954) NUMB ER OF WO RK ER S RECEI VI NG STRAI GHT- TI ME1 WEEKLY EARNINGS OF A veraqk Sex, occupation, and in d u stry d iv isio n Number of workers Weekly (Standard) W om en Under Weekly earnings $ (Standard) 35 .0 0 ? 5 .0 0 and under 3 7 .5 0 ? 7 . 50 t o . 00 % Z. 50 1 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50 .0 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 57 .5 0 S 6 0 .0 0 * 6 2 .5 0 S 6 5 .0 0 % 6 7 .5 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 t 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 80 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 40 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 80 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 over and - C on tin u ed Stenographers, general M an u fa cturin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g P u b lic u tilities W h olesale trade R etail trade 5 Finance** _ _ _ ....... . _ . . _ 59 .5 0 6 1 .0 0 4 - 5 - 10 - 20 - 57 .0 0 59 .0 0 57 .0 0 4 _ 10 20 54 .0 0 54 .0 0 4 5 2 _ _ 3 9 19 6 4 . 50 _ _ _ . _ 91 132 3 8 .5 38 .5 3 8 .0 6 2 .5 0 66 .0 0 _ _ _ _ - - - - 541 39 .0 3 - 48 .5 0 1 1 _ 3 _ 1 1 _ 54 .5 0 - 3 - 34 4 30 16 6 1, 1 9 4 275 237 7 1 497 S ten ogra p h ers, technical M an u facturin g _ N onm a nufa cturing 38 .5 3 9 .0 37 .0 3 5 .5 3 9 .0 38 .5 3 7 .0 2.692 1,49 8 223 .... . S w itch b oard o p e ra to r s M an u fa ctu rin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g R etail trade 5 Finance** . 199 342 3 8 .5 39 .0 58 137 4 0 .0 3 6 .5 S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ______ M an u facturin g N on m a n ufa ctu rin g W h olesa le trade 456 317 T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s _____________ M an u fa cturin g . ..................... N onm a nufa cturing _ .... . T ran scrib in g-m ach in e op era tors, g e n e r a l ______________________________________________ M an u fa ctu rin g . . . N on m a n u fa ctu rin g F inan ce** _ _ 773 129 55 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 469 223 246 3 7 .5 3 9 .0 36 .5 62 .0 0 6 6 .0 0 58 .5 0 351 138 3 8 .0 38 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 5 4 . 50 55 .0 0 54 .0 0 51 .5 0 39 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 57 .5 0 58 .5 0 5 5 . 50 53 .0 0 1, 1 6 0 1,32 6 107 225 65 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 3 6 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 4 9 .0 0 51 .0 0 47 .5 0 52 .5 0 50 .0 0 4 5 .5 0 801 3 7 .0 4 5 .5 0 213 154 1.006 637 T vp ists. cla ss B . . M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ . _ N onm anufacturing ... P u b lic u tilities* 2.486 W h olesale trade R etail trad e 5 F inance ** ___ __________________________ 369 169 _ 55 .5 0 38 .5 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 T y p i s t s , c l a s s A ___ M an u fa ctu rin g _ . N onm a nufa cturing _ .. . F i n a n c e * * ___________________________________ ... . 57 .0 0 61 .5 0 54 .5 0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _■ _ 27 14 13 56 -------- 6 50 10 84 45 37 52 2 15 ' 4 2 2 13 9 2 7 9 4 5 17 _ 4 _ 35 6 33 4 19 2 57 8 40 3 51 29 3 4 29 6 17 17 12 1 49 8 37 2 20 39 24 15 3 11 28 23 3 45 54 27 27 36 7 69 47 22 4 144 25 79 65 27 14 11 7 32 3 53 35 18 5 _ - 3 13 _ 13 8 5 12 - 3 - 3 - - 4 . _ 12 4 _ 8 - 1 14 6 8 3 53 10 43 1 256 247 91 165 4 22 89 158 14 37 8 _ _ - 3 - _ _ _ 42 37 42 37 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 3 3 36 34 39 9 10 8 220 13 8 82 29 _ _ 330 154 13 1 42 13 _ - 238 12 7 11 1 42 6 41 8 _ - . 283 13 2 15 1 17 6 37 76 16 3 _ - 123 39 84 26 15 14 34 11 4 _ 140 67 73 18 12 12 96 18 26 7 29 125 - 29 19 77 48 22 8 3 5 36 4 32 35 3 32 9 27 34 28 6 82 23 21 12 21 6 59 51 9 6 64 24 40 23 82 38 44 32 88 54 34 56 25 31 20 206 163 43 437 15 8 329 231 126 105 11 25 5 17 6 112 64 7 17 1 60 20 36 21 279 7 38 8 16 9 160 20 8 13 389 201 18 8 20 58 8 209 114 75 29 23 5 18 15 9 11 14 5 16 1 10 5 35 6 29 21 136 75 61 56 91 74 17 5 2 _ 325 146 88 242 13 2 191 125 101 96 118 35 8 1 58 7 20 3 11 0 16 10 6 66 40 5 _ 71 30 5 1 1 73 23 23 _ _ 91 27 11 5 _ 22 13 1 2 _ 8 _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 22 47 21 8 - - - - - - 46 28 18 22 33 6 13 17 5 10 23 3 3 16 _ 19 2 17 7 _ 4 _ 1 _ _ 7 4 1 - 50 24 44 22 57 27 20 22 13 4 11 26 15 26 2 17 22 2 30 _ 9 _ 11 _ _ _ 1 4 7 7 - 97 62 35 11 30 12 18 8 52 18 44 8 1 28 15 13 12 11 7 4 7 3 4 4 16 4 12 32 24 8 13 7 82 55 21 14 7 22 17 5 12 10 2 23 4 224 101 8 44 4 38 - - - - - 14 8 6 6 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ - - - - 9 9 1 1 _ 19 11 10 1 - - - _ 2 _ 1 3 _ _ 4 9 3 6 3 1 2 _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ ' - - - - - - - 77 43 34 1 29 27 2 16 10 6 22 22 _ 9 8 1 2 2 _ _ _ 1 1 _ . - - - - - - - - 18 19 18 1 1 7 6 1 1 2 7 _ 4 2 7 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ - 12 10 103 57 46 89 78 11 3 49 32 7 2 60 48 12 4 1 3 7 Hours r efle ct the w orkw eek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly h ours. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 17 at $ 9 5 to $ 1 0 0 ; 10 at $100 to $ 1 0 5 ; 13 at $ 1 0 5 and over. W o rk ers w ere distributed as follow s: 7at $ 9 5 to $1 00 ; 14 at $1 00 to $110; 15 at $ 110 to $ 1 2 0 ; 24 at $1 20 and ove r. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 11 at $9 5 to $1 00 ; 5 at $100 to $1 10 ; 12 at $ 110 to $ 1 2 0 ; 5 at$1 20 and ove r. Excludes lim ite d -p r ic e variety sto r e s. 6 W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 30 at $3 0 to $ 3 2 .5 0 ; 18 at $ 3 2 .5 0 to $ 3 5 . 7 W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 15 at $95 to $100; 13 at $1 00 to $1 10 ; 7 at $ 110 to $ 1 2 0 . * Transportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. * * F in ance, in suran ce, and r ea l estate. _ _ 9 _ 4 . 5 _ 1 1 1 _ _ 1 6 9 2 _ 4 4 . _ _ 7 11 15 15 - 7 6 _ _ 30 81 16 _ _ _ 26 14 9 9 _ 7 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 5 2 _ _ _ _ 4 _ Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in N e w a rk -J e rsey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of Weekly (Standard) N UM BER OF W O RK ERS RECEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E W E E K L Y E A RN IN G S OF- Weekly earnings (Standard) S t $ S t S s $ $ $ S 9 $ S * * % S 9 s 9 9 4 5 .0 0 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 7 5 .0 0 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 and and “ _ ~ “ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ■ " ~ “ under 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 over - Men $ D raftsm en , leader --------------------------------------- 239 39. 0 1 1 2 .5 0 D raftsm en , senior --------------------------------------M an u factu rin g___________________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------- 963 779 184 39. 0 39. 5 38. 5 97. 00 96. 00 101. 50 D raftsm en , junior --------------------------------------M an u factu rin g___________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________ 682 555 127 39. 5 39. 5 39. 0 71. 00 70. 00 76. 50 2 4 68 6 56 13 12 34 11 9 14 7 1 43 39 4 35 34 1 156 137 19 90 69 21 104 78 26 114 96 18 112 98 14 92 75 17 89 64 25 32 24 8 25 13 12 14 10 4 27 24 3 1 1 - 9 9 2 2 29 29 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - „ . . . - - - - - - - 1 17 15 2 3 3 25 17 8 56 49 7 109 88 21 153 133 20 126 100 26 55 54 1 85 81 4 13 12 1 14 13 1 14 5 9 5 4 11 8 52 47 31 28 96 74 59 55 29 22 24 23 17 15 4 4 1 2 - - ' Women N u r se s, industrial (r e g is t e r e d ) ---------------M an u factu rin g------------------------------------------ 328 280 3 9 .5 39. 5 73. 50 73. 50 1 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra ig h t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage hourly earnings 1 for m en in selected occupations studied on an area b asis in N e w a rk -J e rsey C ity , N. J. , by industry division, D ecem ber 1954) NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STR AIGH T-TIM E HOURLY E A RN IN G S OF— $ $ Under 1. 35 1 .4 0 and $ under 1. 35 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 Number Average workers earnings C arp en ters, maintenance ------------------------Manufarturing Nonmannfart-nring .. . 871 743 128 $ 2. 29 2. 25 2. 51 E le c tr ic ia n s, maintenance _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ... . Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------- 1 ,3 3 7 1 ,1 7 5 162 2. 37 2. 33 2 .6 6 _ 764 488 276 2. 48 2. 52 2 .4 2 _ Occupation and industry division E n gin ee rs, station ary— ------------------------- M a n u f a c t u r i n g ...................... N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g .. ___ _ See footnotes at end of table. of $ 1. 45 $ 1. 50 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1. 55 1 .6 0 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1 .9 0 1.9 5 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2 .4 0 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1.6 5 1 .7 0 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1 .9 0 1.9 5 2. 00 2 .0 5 _ 7 2 5 21 21 29 29 15 13 2 17 15 2 31 31 30 28 2 6 16 l6 7 7 3 3 13 13 25 25 4 _ 4 8 _ _ - 6 - - - 8 - _ 2 11 11 4 14 _ 8 _ 4 2 2 14 8 4 _ _ 2 9 6 3 24 8 16 16 _ 16 11 11 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2 .4 0 80 79 1 37 36 1 27 25 2 99 90 9 31 31 84 75 9 60 56 51 49 — 57“ ~ T T ] 1 3 2 107 104 3 40 40 - 79 73 6 94 92 2 311 298 13 31 25 6 31 20 23 15 8 18 13 5 32 25 7 51 44 25 25 45 44 1 14 12 2 11 7 s 2. 80 and 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 over $ $ $ 2. 50 2. 60 2 .7 0 139 127 12 18 1 17 116 110 6 147 92 55 - 76 47 29 47 4924 25 78 31 - 31 29 2 73 35 l 2 * 34 71 83 82 115 53 1 3 62 80 171 36 4128 44 5 43 Occupational Wage S urvey, N e w a r k -J e r se y C ity, N. J. , D e cem b er 1954 U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations - Continued (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C it y , N. J. , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 1954) O ccupation and industry d ivision Number of workers $ $ Average hourly Under 1. 35 1.40 earnings $ and 1. 35 under 1.40 1.45 NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING STR AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN ING S OF— $ S 1.45 1.50 1.50 F irem en , stationary b o ile r _____________ M anufacturing _ __ ____ ____________ 786 644 $ 1. 99 2. 01 H e lp ers, tra d es, m a in ten an ce6 ________ M anufacturing _ ______________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Pu blic u tilities 6 * ________________ 1.545 1,200 345 251 1. 90 1.92 1. 84 1. 81 M a ch in e-tool o p e r a to r s , t o o l r o o m _____ 633 633 2. 25 2 25 M ach in ists, m aintenance _______________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ N onm anufacturing ____________________ 1,678 1,586 92 2. 32 2. 31 2.49 M e ch an ics, autom otive (m aintenance)___ M anufacturing _ ______________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ WVinlpsalp traHo 1, 132 210 922 74 2. 2. 2. 2. M ech a n ics, m aintenance ________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ 2.4 6 0 2, 223 237 2.27 2. 29 2. 06 M illw rights --------------------------------------------M anufacturing .......... __ 422 409 2. 23 2. 21 O ilers ___ ________________________________ M anufacturing _ ______________________ 396 381 1.92 1.91 19 15 2 - 1 - ' P a in ters, m aintenance _ _______________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------- 630 444 2. 15 2. 17 26 - - - P ip e fit t e r s ........... .............................................. M anufacturing _ ______________________ N on m an u factu rin g____________________ 1, 106 1,036 70 2.41 2. 39 2. 76 - - - S h eet-m etal w o rk e rs , m a in te n a n c e ____ 187 177 2. 37 2. 36 2 ,0 7 2 1,979 2. 40 2. 40 M a r m fa rtnrir»|Y T o o l and die m akers ___________________________ M 7Kn n fa r tn r i n g 13 25 11 41 47 21 6 - 11 5 6 “ 17 8 9 2 19 19 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ s $ $ $ $ $‘ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 and 1. 55 1.60 1. 65 1. 70 1.75 1.80 1. 85 1.90 1.95 2. 00 2.05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2.4 0 2.50 2 .60 2. 70 2. 80 over 15 11 31 - 2 2 18 1-8 13 9 8 6 17 6 6 5 57 56 51 35 16 15 48 48 30 30 39 35 87 56 33 33 41 40 17 17 21 21 13 13 36 33 28 28 38 33 5 5 131 118 13 12 38 29 9 7 36 34 2 2 53 29 24 20 91 87 4 - 220 146 74 68 73 15 58 55 88 39 49 48 5 2 3 2 71 62 9 9 25 25 _ 15 15 * 19 16 3 . _ " 527 502 25 7 2 2 68 68 37 37 40 40 46 46 84 84 4 4 (6y " - _ - - “ - - - - - - - - - 8 - - - 2 2 10 6 4 3 3 8 18 16 - - 63 48 5 5 8 8 1 1 15 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 40 40 166 166 124 124 4 2 3 7 66 43 7 23 _ _ 12 12 - 8 8 - 61 61 - 103 103 - 10 9 1 33 26 7 123 121 2 91 84 7 79 73 6 35 34 1 156 156 - 408 407 1 302 298 4 106 73 33 9 6 3 72 72 3 3 - - - - - 2 2 - 11 3 8 16 4 12 24 12 12 241 14 227 82 19 63 284 29 255 4 157 22 135 4 14 3 11 25 20 '5 25 6 19 99 12 87 25 17 5 12 g 61 19 42 30 5 2 3 35 35 - 23 12 12 21 21 21 21 28 28 34 20 14 56 52 4 63 62 1 189 175 14 207 207 " 81 61 20 90 79 11 59 59 ~ 209 194 15 271 271 495 490 5 187 172 15 95 70 25 59 • 57 2 238 234 4 30 14 16 26 26 2 2 4 4 20 20 21 21 16 16 32 32 9 9 20 20 34 34 64 64 96 96 63 63 7 2 - 2 l 23 - 8 21 20 4 4 14 14 27 27 45 45 29 29 94 94 25 25 13 13 6 6 18 18 11 11 4 4 - - 15 15 6 5 - - - - 3 ! - | 8 8 11 11 12 6 4 2 59 19 11 11 13 13 38 36 10 10 23 23 52 50 45 42 16 15 45 7 21 21 32 12 113 109 54 44 11 5 8 - 15 - " | - - - - - 12 12 - 24 24 11 11 37 37 35 34 1 39 39 73 73 34 34 168 164 60 60 “ - 4 209 180 29 103 103 - 135 134 1 62 62 - 104 69 9 35 13 13 5 5 . 3 3 24 24 9 9 53 50 19 19 32 32 _ 13 13 7 1 109 109 58 58 66 66 45 112 105 92 91 376 365 465 423 393 363 162 162 29 28 106 106 - | ! j 1 _ 8 8 _ 59 59 1 E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $ 2. 80 to $ 2. 90; 8 at $ 2 .9 0 to $ 3; 24 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10. 3 W ork ers w ere d istributed as follow s: 5 at $ 2. 80 to $ 2. 90; 19 at $ 2. 90 to $ 3; 38 at $ 3. 20 to $ 3. 30. W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 60 at $ 2 . 80 to $3 . 10; 61 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .5 0 ; 7 at $ 3 .5 0 and ov e r. 5 W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 15 at $ 2. 80 to $ 3. 10; 19 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 50; 9 at $ 3. 50 and ov e r. 8 E stim ates are not com parable with those in e a rlie r studies due to d ifferen ces in the method of cla ssify in g certa in occupational groups. 7 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 5 at $ 2.80 to $ 2. 90; 18 at $ 2. 90 to $ 3. 8 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 6 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 36 at $3 to $3. 10. 9 W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $ 2.80 to $ 2. 90; 17 at $ 2. 90 to $ 3;16 at $3. 10 to $ 3.2 0 . * T ran sportation (excluding r a ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities. 4 15 42 26 2 2 2 - _ 36 32 44 - - - 8 42 36 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C it y , N. J. , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 1 954) NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STR AIGH T-TIM E HOURLY E A RN IN G S OF— Number of workers O ccupation and industry division $ earnings Under 1.00 1.05 and $ 1. 00 under 1.05 1. 10 Guards _ M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing ____________________ Finan ce** _ 1. 160 943 217 53 $ 1.74 1.76 1.68 1.49 - Jan itors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers (m en) ........ ... ... M anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ ... _ N onm anufacturing____________________ Pu blic utilities* _ _ . W holesale trade . .. ... Retail trade 3 ......... . F in a n ce * * __________________________ 4 .790 3,056 1,734 467 94 267 540 1.53 1.58 1.43 1.61 1.48 1.26 1.37 149 19 130 7 _ 39 16 75 44 31 _ _ 11 1 Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs (wom en) _ _ . _ _ ... .. . . . . . . . M anufacturing .. . . ... Nonmanufactur ing Retail trade 3 Finance** 1.385 387 998 81 737 1.25 1.41 1. 18 1.08 1. 16 101 101 20 78 L a b o r e rs , m aterial handling ___________ M anufacturing _ Nonmanufacturing __ . P ublic u t ilit ie s * ___________________ W holesale trade _ Retail tr a d e 3 9. 114 5,907 3,207 1,413 1,095 599 1.80 1.79 1.83 1.92 1.85 1.59 O rder fille r s . . ........... M anufacturing .... ... Nonmanufacturing . . . . . . W holesale trade __________________ 2. 025 807 1,218 646 P a ck e rs , shipping (m en) ._ M anufacturing _ _ __ - - - - - $ $ 1.15 1.20 $ 1.15 1.10 5 3 2 1.20 1.25 3 - $ $ 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.30 24 9 15 2 15 15 $ 1.35 1.40 15 $ $ 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.45 1.50 1.55 $ 1.55 1.60 91 89 2 1 56 47 9 1 96 88 8 " 177 147 30 7 282 134 148 9 4 29 81 338 224 114 4 17 32 34 248 128 120 27 _ 50 38 158 63 95 6 _ 2 67 382 155 227 57 20 6 119 704 653 51 6 14 _ 22 477 376 101 92 _ 3 3 185 119 66 6 1 5 9 324 277 47 46 1 _ 384 271 113 113 _ _ - 92 33 59 62 11 51 61 60 1 37 32 5 61 50 11 69 69 19 19 12 7 5 1 1 638 611 27 2 4 11 434 404 30 1 _ 9 14 8 15 209 75 134 20 7 28 60 57 22 35 19 4 26 8 18 2 16 42 15 27 6 11 198 8 190 18 168 494 26 468 35 16 19 446 12 121 121 54 16 38 55 49 6 46 41 5 37 26 11 100 85 15 109 81 28 96 89 7 107 70 37 376 337 39 354 344 10 264 161 103 _ 4 117 _ 28 1 5 2 3 7 4 13 2 22 3 _ 7 28 1 9 30 9 1 93 4 1.83 1.76 1.88 1.83 7 7 " 10 9 1 ~ 14 14 12 13 9 4 - 12 9 3 - 15 12 3 - 9 6 3 1 14 9 5 3 36 24 12 9 7 2 5 3 12 4 8 7 70 27 43 39 35 22 13 1.552 1,327 1.68 1.71 27 22 3 3 14 10 31 27 16 - 14 78 74 59 43 14 13 170 42 91 91 110 105 P a ck e rs , shipping (wom en) _____________ M an u factu rin g................... 442 304 1.31 1.31 83 5 81 8 8 9 4 22 18 - 4 - 23 21 118 17 53 36 4 4 7 7 R eceiving c le r k s _ __ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing Retail trade 3 . 551 426 125 78 1.85 1.88 1.75 1.65 _ 5 5 2 3 3 3 _ - _ 2 _ 2 2 2 1 1 - 34 26 8 8 10 10 456 397 1.89 1.86 10 10 Shipping cle rk s Manufacturing .... _ - - - See fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . * T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a il r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . ** F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 1.80 33 10 23 12 104 62 42 1 1 1 1.75 68 60 8 6 94 33 61 11 _ 5 33 . 1.70 32 26 6 6 133 58 75 _ 4 20 26 ______ 1.65 15 4 11 1 -• 50 17 33 _ _ 21 9 . $ S $ $ $ $ $ s $ S $ 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 2.00 2. 10 2 .2 0 2.3 0 2 .4 0 15 12 ~ . _ _ 1.60 37 36 1 1 3 3 5 $ - 1.85 1.90 130 94 36 2 .0 0 94 72 22 128 125 3 2. 10 2 .2 0 26 26 2.3 0 73 51 22 - 42 41 1 1 - 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 and over 2 .5 0 . - _ _ - - - - - 70 67 3 3 _ _ 2 1 1 1 _ _ 158 147 11 3 _ 8 111 41 70 _ 10 _ 46 46 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 107 46 61 51 2 _ 7 2 2 13 7 6 4 2 2 _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 690 581 109 93 14 150 114 36 2 8 20 975 509 466 409 992 867 125 _ 76 44 1124 131 993 752 80 155 567 299 268 54 45 9 _ 9 - 672 672 _ _ _ 33 24 9 _ 9 - 411 53 358 1 333 24 208 208 _ _ _ 45 447 90 357 1 282 72 - - - 85 7 78 77 135 100 35 26 154 100 54 54 181 175 6 " 65 62 3 3 240 16 224 208 326 76 250 18 383 100 283 9 147 24 123 123 37 1 36 36 5 4 1 1 6 2 4 4 7 7 _ 26 26 108 97 148 147 101 101 78 74 45 45 122 122 114 74 59 59 39 39 32 32 36 36 6 6 25 25 30 30 9 9 22 19 - 9 9 24 24 1 1 - - 16 16 - - - - - 7 3 4 " 21 20 1 1 16 8 8 8 11 11 50 49 1 - 26 23 3 3 23 14 9 9 74 66 8 6 95 80 15 12 31 27 4 - 24 12 12 - 6 6 _ - 58 36 22 9 11 11 _ - 25 10 15 14 - 16 13 3 - 12 12 14 14 32 32 3 3 21 19 26 24 40 22 31 27 8 8 46 46 50 49 52 52 24 22 12 12 20 2 2 41 26 16 - 12 12 - 13 - 8 245 - 5 9 - O ccupational Wage Survey, N e w a r k -J e r s e y City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a tis t ic s Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , N . J. , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 195 4) NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN ING S OF— T ru ck d riv e rs , heavy (over 4 tons, tr a ile r type) _ . . . . . M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing Public, u tilities* W holesale trade _ _ T ru c k e r s , pow er (other than f o r k lif t ) ----M anufacturing W atchm en .... M anufacturing .... _ Nonm anufacturing Finan ce** 2.43 6 2 .83 2 .0 2 606 1.96 67 2 .0 1 2.2 0 3 587 8 2 .6 1 " _ - _ - _ - - - - - _ - _ _ _ 1, 114 ’ 226 858 218 640 431 2 .2 3 2.2 3 2.23 2.32 _ _ _ 1.556 1,203 353 1.91 1.89 1.97 - - - - - 128 87 41 5 5 389 1 .8 6 266 1.75 1. 300 1.43 1.46 1.36 1.38 928 372 73 3 3 - - - 14 5 9 9 _ - _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1.35 1.40 " 9 9 9 _ _ 4 4 4 - 1.45 6 $ $ $ $ 1.50 1.55 1.60 *1.65 1.70 % 1.75 $ $ $ 1.80 $1.85 1.90 2 . 0 0 1.50 1.55 1.65 1.80 1.85 11 1------- T 4 - 8 20 20 12 12 _ _ - 24 15 9 9 38 38 _ 1.60 1.70 _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 12 3 7 3 53 5 48 28 18 13 9 4 4 - _ 200 - " _ _ 3 3 3 3 3 3 34 13 21 15 7 27 20 92 58 34 6 1 _ _ * 35 23 3 12 8 48 28 277 20 255 155 83 72 72 - 103 51 52 45 - 189 65 124 124 - 533 49 484 70 22 4 24 12 6 6 1 1 _ 38 28 10 164 146 18 78 38 40 10 18 40 183 155 28 28 27 27 65 7 58 27 27 13 22 10 25 l 77 7 _ 18 3 2 3 24 72 54 6 _ 16 16 _ _ 7 7 2 2 4 4 2 2 34 34 4 4 40 40 29 29 115 115 149 113 36 143 143 - 4 ~ 2 2 4 - 1 4 23 23 24 24 7 7 11 11 4 4 65 65 14 14 35 97 79 18 94 27 67 8 92 9 4 51 36 15 129 123 6 1 85 62 23 13 101 2 23 _ 23 18 11 12 24 52 38 14 2 5 4 100 69 31 19 4 i E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except w here otherw ise indicated. E xcludes lim it e d -p r ic e v ariety s t o r e s . W ork ers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 15 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 14 at $0 .8 0 to $ 0 .8 5 ; 23 at $ 0 .8 5 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 14 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 ; 51 at $ 0 .9 5 to $1. 6 W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 30 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 14 at $ 0 .8 5 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 33 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 ; 4 at $ 0 .9 5 to $ 1 . Half the w ork ers in m anufacturing (and a fourth o f the w ork ers in the area) w ere paid under bonus plans. 8 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 51 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 331 at $3.4 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 252 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 4 ; 16 at $4 and o v e r. A lm ost a third o f the w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere paid under bonus plans. W orkers w ere distribu ted as fo llo w s : 112 at $ 2 .5 0 to $3; 16 at $3 to $4; 48 at $ 4 to $ 4 .5 0 ; 16 at $ 4 .5 0 and o v e r. A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 2 .5 0 to $2.60.. * Tran sportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities. ** F inan ce, in surance, and re a l estate. 2 _ 10 9 ______ 3 61 61 1 10 56 2.30 10 10 9 44 $2 . 2 0 58 48 10 _ 12 10 2 .2 0 19 9 _ 48 36 . 10 29 _ \ 2 4 - —FT _ 5 2 .0 0 65 11 _ 12 2 . 53 42 _ 43 55 _ 7 13 1 .9 0 _ 4 -; _ 1.75 33 39 — 27“ — a 6 15 9 3 - 10 1 2.46 2 .40 2.40 2.42 1 ,6 1 6 T r u ck d riv ers , heavy (over 4 tons, other than tr a ile r t y p e ) ________________ Manufactur ing N onm anufacturing W holesale trade T ru ck e rs , pow er (fork lift) M anufacturing _ Nonmanufartur ing 2 .5 3 4 1,291 1,243 212 - 1.30 % 1.45 0 T ru ck d river s, m edium ( 1 V2 to and including 4 tons) _______________________ M anufacturing . ......... . N onm anufacturing W holesale trade. R etail trade 3 - 69 $ 1.81 1.78 1.84 1.69 484 272 $ $ $ $ 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 0 Shipping and receivin g c l e r k s ___________ M anufacturing ________________________ Nonm anufacturing ____________________ W holesale trade __ ... ____ ... $ $ $ $ $ Average Under 1 .0 0 1.05 1 .1 0 1. 15 1 . 2 0 earnings $ and 1 .0 0 under ■1.-05 1 . 10 1.15 1 .2 0 1.25 W SINI Number of workers O ccupation and industry division 123 41 5 128 7 5 12 116 34 27 157 17 140 37 3 336 37 175 4 20 20 70 70 119 12 17 7 10 24 24 _ 29 18 71 70 11 1 116 7 8 100 75 16 16 5 _ 5 2 243 131 112 7 _ 7 - $2.40 ^ .5 0 and 2.50 over _ 1 1 1 1 “ 1 91 91 _ 4 3 - - 220 76 144 140 4 - 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 689 7650 39 39 1345 336 91 ’ 192 1254 10 144 10 144 36 1 °288 36 288 288 90 90 1 1 - _ _ _ _ 10 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions' P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plan t w o r k e r s — (a) In e sta b lis h m e n ts having f o r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r — S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l S e c o n d s h ift w ork T o ta l __________________________________________________________ 9 1 .9 T h ird o r o th e r s h ift w o rk (b) A c t u a lly w o r k in g on— S e co n d s h ift T h ir d o r o th e r sh ift 8 2 .0 12. 7 3 .9 9 1 .9 82. 0 12. 7 3 .9 43. 2 40. 8 6 .6 3. 2 1. 0 .2 1. 4 . 5 2. 8 .9 . 5 _ 2. 5 .9 1. 2 . 1 1. 0 14. 4 .9 8. 0 1. 3 1. 8 8 .4 . 5 . 1 A _ . 2 . 1 . 1 . 8 . 1 . 8 . 1 . 2 .8 " ___ 46. 1 38. 5 5. 5 . 5 __________ 2 p e r c e n t ____________________________________ 5 p e r c e n t ___________________________________________ ____ 7, 7 1/ 2 p e r c e n t __ ____________________________________ 9 percent __ ______________________________________ 10 p e r c e n t ________________________________________________ O v e r 10 p e r c e n t ____________________________________ ___ . 3 3. 8 3. 8 37. 8 .4 . 3 . 5 5 .9 . 5 2 7 .9 3. 4 A . 5 . 5 4. 5 A A A . 5 A 2. 6 . 6 . 2 W ith s h ift pay d iffe r e n t ia l _________________ U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r hou r) ...... ______________ ... .... .... __ 4 c e n ts ._ . _ _ . _ .. . 5 c e n ts ____________________________________________________ 6 , 6 V 2 c e n ts ___________________________________ ________ _____ __ 7 c e n ts ________________________________________ 8 c e n ts __________________________________________________ 9 c e n ts . . . . . . . 10 c e n ts ________________________________________ ________ 1 1 , 1 1 1/ 2 c e n t s _____________________________ ____________ 1 2 , I 2 V 2 c e n ts ___________________________________________ ............. ..... 13 c e n ts __ _ .... . 14 c e n ts 15 c e n ts ___________________________________________________ O v e r 15 c e n ts _ _ ...... _ U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ____________ O th er ___________ _______________ ___________________________________ ___ ______ 11. 4. 4. . 1. 16. 1. . 7 1 5 4 8 3 3 7 - 2 .6 1 .0 . 3 . 3 A - N o s h ift pay d i f f e r e n t i a l _______________________________________ 1 S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l data a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o lic y , and (b) w o r k e r s a c t u a lly e m p lo y e d on la te s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d a s having a p o l ic y if it m et e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d i t io n s : ( l ) O p e ra te d la te s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ift s . A L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . O cc u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , N e w a r k - J e r s e y C it y , N . J. , D e c e m b e r 1954 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s T a b le B-2: M i n i m u m E n t r a n c e R a t e s f o r W o m e n O f f i c e W o r k e r s Num ber o f establishm ents with sp ecified m inim um hiring rate in— Number o f establishm ents with s p e cifie d m inim um hiring rate in— B ased on standard w eekly hours 2 of— A ll industries A ll schedules E stablishm ents s t u d ie d _____ ___ 263 Manufacturing Nonm anufacturing Manufac tur ing M inim um rate (w eekly salary) 141 35 3 7 ‘ /* XXX XX X A ll schedules 40 XXX 122 35 XXX XXX A ll schedules 40 XXX 263 1 59 5 3 13 12 48 22 26 8 9 6 3 2 1 1 94 E stablishm ents having no sp e c ifie d m inim um __________ 41 23 Establishm ents which did not em ploy w ork ers in this ca te g o r y _________________ 61 Inform ation not available _____ 2 1 2 16 58 - - - - - - - - - 4 1 6 3 2 - - 1 - - - - 1 4 14 6 14 4 6 5 1 2 1 " - 1 XXX XXX XXX 18 23 XXX XXX XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX 7 6 29 12 19 5 7 5 1 2 1 6 1 2 2 - - - 65 5 3 6 6 19 10 7 3 2 1 2 141 35 37 XXX V* XXX A ll schedules 40 XXX 122 35 37 XXX llz 40 XXX XXX 17 1 1 5 3 4 32 2 1 1 5 10 5 3 1 2 1 FOR OTHICR INEX PERIENC ED CLEJRICAL WOlRKERS FOR INE XPERIENCED T"iTPISTS E stablishm ents having s p ecified m inim um ________ _ $ 3 0 . 0 0 and under $ 3 2 . 50 ___ $ 3 2 . 50 and under $ 3 5 . 0 0 ___ $ 3 5 . 0 0 and under $ 3 7 . 50 ___ $ 3 7 . 5 0 and under $ 4 0 . 0 0 ___ $ 4 0 . 0 0 and under $ 4 2 . 5 0 ___ $ 4 2 . 5 0 and under $ 4 5 . 0 0 ___ $ 4 5 . 0 0 and under $ 4 7 . 50 ___ $ 4 7 . 50 and under $ 5 0 . 0 0 ___ $ 5 0 . 0 0 and under $ 5 2 . 50 ___ $ 5 2 . 5 0 and under $ 5 5 . 0 0 ___ $ 5 5 . 0 0 and under $ 5 7 . 5 0 ____ $ 5 7 . 5 0 and under $ 6 0 . 00 ___ $ 6 0 . 0 0 and under $ 6 2 . 50 ___ $62. 50 and ov er ____________ Nonm anufacturing B a sed on standard w eekly hours 2 of— A ll industries 37V . i 4 3 1 15 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 - - - 1 1 32 1 1 1 3 12 5 3 2 2 91 6 14 59 - - - - - - - - - 4 4 5 4 68 7 3 8 9 22 8 6 1 2 1 10 - - " 1 1 59 7 3 i7 13 53 22 19 4 8 7 2 1 1 2 XXX XXX XXX 45 24 XXX XXX XXX 21 38 XXX XXX XXX 57 25 XXX XXX XXX 32 XXX XXX XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX 2 XXX XXX XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX 9 - 1 - - - - - - 1 9 4 31 14 13 3 6 6 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - 3 2 18 8 10 3 4 6 2 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 5 3 - - 3 - - - - - - 1 ~ XXX XXX XXX - - - - 1 L ow est sa la ry rate fo rm a lly established fo r hiring inexperienced w ork ers fo r typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s . H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la r ie s . Data are presented fo r all w orkweeks com bined, and fo r the m ost com m on w orkw eeks reported. O ccupational Wage Survey, N ew a rk -J ersey C ity, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954 U. S. D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR B ureau of L abor Statistics 12 T a b le B-3: F r e q u e n c y of W a g e Pa ym ent PERCEN T OF OFFICE W ORKERS E M PLOYED IN — F requ ency o f payment All industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities * A ll w o r k e r s _____________________________________ 100 100 100 W e e k ly __________________________________________ B iw e e k ly ________________________________________ S em im onthly____________________________________ 63 23 15 74 5 60 21 36 4 Wholesale trade Retail trade 2 100 100 56 24 100 - 20 PE R C EN T OF PL AN T W O RK ER S E M PLOY ED IN — Finance * * Servicea 100 I industries34 Manufacturing Public utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 41 49 9A8 99 A 100 A 87 9 5 100 10 - 2 Services _ 1 Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately. Excludes lim ite d -p ric e variety s to re s. Includes data fo r real estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately. A L ess than 2 .5 p ercen t. * Tran sportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. ** F inan ce, insurance, and real estate. 2 3 Table B-4: Scheduled Weekly Hours PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERSi E W e e k ly h o u r s All 2 industries Manufacturing -------------------------------------- 100 100 U n d e r 3 5 h o u r s ________________________________________ 35 h o u r s _________________________________________________ 3 6 % h o u r s ______________________________________________ O v e r 3 6 % a n d u n d e r 3 7 % h o u r s --------------------------37 V 2 h o u r s ______________________________________________ O v e r 37 % a n d u n d e r 3 8 % h o u r s _________________ 3 8 % h o u r s _____________________________________________ O v e r 38 % a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s ____________________ 4 0 h o u r s _________________________________________________ O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 5 h o u r s ________________________ 4 5 h o u r s _________________________________________________ O v e r 4 5 h o u r s __________________________________________ A 15 3 4 29 3 7 A 38 A 4 3 5 15 A 16 A l l w o r k e r s ---- --------------------- A A A 54 - m p l o y e d in — PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade Retail trade 1 00 100 100 100 74 - 4 5 16 A 8 27 A 63 17 3 7 63 6 A 85 A - A A Public utilities * A - - - - 74 - 26 - Finance * * Services All 4 industries Wholesale Retail trade3 100 100 100 1 00 A 2 A 4 A A A 5 - - A - - 3 2 A - - - - - - 100 - 96 76 4 14 86 A 4 _______________ Public utilities * 100 - 3 Manufacturing 3 - Services A ‘ Data relate to women w ork ers only. Occupational Wage Survey, N e w a rk -J e rs ey City, N. J. , D ecem b er 1954 Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately. U .S . D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR E xcludes lim ite d -p ric e variety sto re s. B ureau of L a bor Statistics Includes data fo r real estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately. A L ess than 2 .5 percen t. * Tran sportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1 2 3 4 ** 13 T ab le B-5: Paid H o l i d a y P r o v i s i o n s 1 PE R C EN T OF OFFICE W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN— Item All , industries £ A l l w o r k e r s _____________________________________________________ 100 Manufacturing Public utilities * PE R C EN T OF PLAN T W O RK ERS E M PLOYED IN — Wholesale trade Retail trade3 100 100 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 21 21 Finance * * Services All 4 industries Manufacturing Public utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 A 20 95 - 95 4 25 16 72 Services N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s W o r k e r s in e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v i d in g p a id h o l i d a y s ________________________________________________________ L e s s t h a n 6 d a y s ________________________________________ 99 A 27 A 13 45 13 25 A 4 35 A A A A S a t u r d a y ________________________________________________________ A n o t h e r d a y o f f w i t h p a y _____________________________ E x t r a d a y 1 s p a y __________________________________________ O p t io n o f a n o t h e r d a y o f f o r e x t r a d a y 1 s p a y _________________________________________________ P r o v i s i o n s d i f f e r f o r v a r i o u s h o l i d a y s ________ 59 29 O t h e r p r o v i s i o n s ________________________________________ S a tu rd a y is a s c h e d u le d w o r k d a y f o r a ll w o r k e r s ________________________________________________ _______ A 6 d a y s ________________________________________________________ 7 d a y s _________________________________ ______________________ 8 d a y s ________________________________________________________ 9 d a y s ________________________________________________________ d a y s ______________________________________________________ d a y s ______________________________________________________ 10 11 12 d a y s ______________________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v i d in g n o p a id h o l i d a y s . . ................ _ .......... 8 A 4 49 - A 9 14 A 15 46 3 - 6 - 99 A 22 38 7 15 38 19 27 - 93 19 9 3 4 3 - - - A - A 64 44 51 - 45 26 69 33 58 15 83 23 15 3 13 36 A 4 48 A - - - 3 3 A - - 40 36 49 98 97 97 A A 99 96 - A A A A A 11 11 5 - A - A 24 38 24 3 - 8 26 3 - A 15 11 A 3 - 22 10 20 28 9 3 - - - 5 5 52 87 27 55 70 4 38 - 5 4 37 4 A A A A 5 4 16 - - 29 - - - - A A - - 9 55 29 42 15 13 30 9 19 98 98 98 - 97 98 100 95 74 - 91 - - - A A P r o v is io n s f o r h o lid a y s o c c u r r in g on n on w ork d a y s 5 W ith p r o v i s i o n s fo r h o lid a y s fa llin g on N o p r o v is io n s (o r n o p a y ) fo r h o lid a y s f a l l i n g o n S a t u r d a y ________________________________________ W ith p r o v i s i o n s f o r h o lid a y s f a ll in g o n S u n d a y ___________________________________________________________ A n o t h e r d a y o f f w i t h p a y _____________________________ E x t r a d a y ' s p a y _______________________________ ___________ O p tio n o f a n o t h e r d a y o ff o r e x t r a d a y ' s p a y _________________________________________________ P r o v i s i o n s d i f f e r f o r v a r i o u s h o l i d a y s ________ O t h e r p r o v i s i o n s ________________________________________ N o p r o v is io n s (o r n o p a y ) fo r h o lid a y s f a l l i n g o n S u n d a y __________________________________________ W ith p r o v i s i o n s f o r h o lid a y s fa llin g d u r i n g v a c a t i o n _____________________________________________ A n o t h e r d a y o f f w i t h p a y _____________________________ E x t r a d a y ' s p a y ___________________________________________ O p tio n o f a n o t h e r d a y o f f o r e x t r a d a y ' s p a y _________________________________________________ P r o v i s i o n s d i f f e r f o r v a r i o u s h o l i d a y s ________ O th er p r o v is io n s .... _ ... . . _ . N o p r o v is io n s (o r n o p a y ) fo r h o lid a y s fa llin g d u r in g v a c a t io n . . .. . I n f o r m a t i o n n o t a v a i l a b l e . . . ___ . . . _ _ 10 7 11 96 100 98 - 95 86 8 91 5 40 A 3 - - - - - A A - A - - A A A A 3 A - A A A A 93 90 A 79 52 5 98 70 98 94 84 79 56 4 96 - 90 38 38 92 36 45 6 12 51 - 6 A - 30 31 22 97 66 22 91 48 6 20 7 9 A 14 24 A 13 12 A A 3 - - 9 - - - 4 - - A A A - - 4 15 10 A 21 A 8 A 8 3 4 7 A “ ~ " 6 8 ~ 67 14 50 3 86 A 3 4 A 1 E stim ates include only fu ll-d a y holidays provided annually. 2 Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 E x clu des lim it e d -p r ic e variety s to re s. 4 A 86 68 8 42 18 - 13 14 ' O ccupational Wage Survey, N ew a rk -J ersey City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954 U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau of L a bor Statistics Includes data fo r real estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry division s shown separately. 5 L im ited to p r o v is io n s in establishm ents having a form al policy applying when holidays o c c u r on nonw orkdays; som e of the estim ates would be slightly higher if p r a c tic e s determ ined in form ally as the situation o c c u r s w ere included. A L e s s than 2. 5 percen t. * T ran sp ortation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities. ** F in an ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l estate. 14 Table B-6: Paid Vacations P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — V a ca tio n p o lic y AI1 1 in du stries1 A ll w o r k e r s M ETHOD A ft e r F in a n ce * * Services A ll . industries M a n u fa cturin g P u b lic u tilities * 2 W h olesale trade R e ta il trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 Moo 100 95 100 99 99 100 100 100 100 93 91 100 95 100 - - - 6 8 - _ - - A A - - - A A - - - - V A C A T IO N 1 year A A fte r 2 y e a r s 10 A 92 A A A A 11 64 34 74 20 32 33 _ - - - 5 7 - - - 88 99 89 57 100 26 17 59 63 61 _ _ _ 8 - - 14 ' ' A A A A _ 6 6 o f s e r v ic e A A w eek __________________________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________ 2 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________ 3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ 3 years 5 o f s e r v ic e 1 96 A A A 4 A 32 24 32 - - - 99 96 91 100 43 34 59 84 88 _ _ - 8 - - 14 - 6 4 A _ _ _ A A A A 20 7 29 - 94 12 6 o f s e r v ic e 1w e e k A A __________________________________________ 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ____________ 2w eeks _______________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____________ 3 w e e k s _______________________________________ 97 A A 3 A 15 19 - 22 28 _ _ _ 100 96 91 100 59 51 80 95 93 _ - _ 8 - - 14 - 6 A _ 4 A 96 _ _ A A A A 6 ' ' A ft e r U nder 2 w eek s 5 years o f s e r v ic e A ______________________________ 2 w e e k s ________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________ 3 w e e k s ________________________________________ See A 93 79 A 15 3 93 67 45 84 86 80 _ _ 22 43 6 4 14 7 11 12 7 6 6 4 6 O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u r v e y , c o m m u n ic a tio n , N OTE: an d o th e r A 4 100 fo o tn o te s at e n d o f ta b le . * T r a n s p o r ta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , * * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s ta te . Services PAY 7 O ver R e ta il trade 2 3 100 O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________ _______________ 2 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________ 3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ A ft e r W h olesale trade 100 F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t _____________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s _______________________________ _______ OF P u b lic utilities * OF PAYM EN T W o r k e r s in e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v i d in g p a id v a c a t i o n s _____________________________________________ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ____________________ P e rce n ta g e p a y m e n t __________________________ AM OUNT M an u fa cturin g p u b lic u t ilit ie s In th e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t i m e " , s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s o r f la t - s u m p a y m e n t s , w e r e c o n v e r t e d to an e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y . 72 72 _ 16 23 12 N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , U .S . N. J. , D ecem ber 1954 D EPA R TM E N T OF LABO R B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis t ic s Table B-6: Paid Vacations - Continued1 4 3 2 PERCE. V a c a tio n A ll w o r k e r s AM OUNT p o lic y ____________________________ OF V A C A T IO N A ft e r 10 y e a r s PA Y __________ _______ 3 w e e k s ________________________________________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------- A ft e r 15 y e a r s ______________________________ 2 20 y e a r s 100 100 A 64 A 79 4 91 - 17 - 9 - 16 20 A A A 16 4 78 A A A 15 - 3 w e e k s ________________________________________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____________________________ 4 w e e k s ________________________________________________________ 67 2 A fte r 2 w eeks 2 25 y e a r s 3 and u n der 4 w eek s 4 w eeks 1 2 3 4 _____________________ ________ ________________________________________________________ I n c lu d e s d ata fo r 100 100 A 69 A 70 61 19 A 17 - 15 24 - " ■ " _ 100 _ ~ _ 86 - 12 2 _ 67 25 8 - 26 46 27 - A 13 - _ _ - 27 - 47 - 87 - 92 - 71 - 45 - - ■ A A _ _ _ _ - - 27 - 47 - 13 - 84 - 90 - 71 - 4 A A . 8 10 8 17 A 23 15 65 A 72 4 A A " A 18 12 8 22 - 36 - 31 51 s e r v ic e s A 13 - 47 - 7 - 59 A 28 _ A _ 12 8 22 - - - 74 - 90 - 58 - A 20 14 in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d iv is i o n s _ 10 43 32 - 61 sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly . E x c lu d e s lim it e d -p r ic e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . A p p r o x i m a t e l y o n e p e r c e n t w e r e in e s t a b li s h m e n t s th a t d id n o t p r o v i d e v a c a t io n s u n til a f t e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . A L e s s th a n 2. 5 p e r c e n t . * T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , a n d o th e r p u b lic u t ili t ie s . * * F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s ta te . Services Public utilities * 100 Wholesale trade 100 Retail trade * 100 12 _ _ 64 32 - A 68 _ 26 6 ■ A _ 19 A 78 - A 14 84 - A _ 22 A 62 - - 72 - 31 - A 6 _ . A A 17 A 70 A 76 - 84 - 72 - 4 - A 21 A 6 A 14 22 - A 49 - 26 24 o f s e r v ic e ______________________________________________ w e e k s _______________________ ______________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________________________ 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 100 Manufacturing F in a n ce** o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________ w e e k s ________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________________________ U nder 100 Retail trade2 P E R C EN T OF PLAN T W O RK ER S E M PLOY ED IN — All , industries'1 o f s e r v ic e U nder 2 w eek s ____________________________________________ w e e k s ________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------3 w e e k s __________ ____________________________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____________________________ 4 w e e k s ________________________________________________________ A ft e r 100 Whcrtesale o f s e r v ic e 2 _______________________ Manufacturing Public utilities * - C o n tin u e d U nder 2 w eek s ____________________________________________ w e e k s ________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------- 4 w eeks OF OFFICE W ORKERS E M PLOYED IN— All . industries A A 17 A 61 A 66 A 15 15 20 - _ A 14 84 - _ 17 - 66 - 12 A 49 17 34 16 A P P E N D IX : JO B D E S C R IP T IO N S The p r im a r y p u rp o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip tio n s fo r the B u r e a u s w age s u r v e y s is to a s s is t its fie ld s ta ff in c la s s ify in g into a p p ro p ria te o ccu p a tion s w o r k e r s who a r e e m p lo y e d under a v a r ie ty o f p a y r o ll title s and d iffe r e n t w o rk a rra n g em en ts fr o m e sta b lish m en t to e s ta b lis h m e n t and fr o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is is e s s e n t ia l in o r d e r to p erm it the grou pin g o f o c cu p a tio n a l w age ra te s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a r a b le jo b con ten t. B e c a u s e o f this em p h a sis on in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f o ccu p a tio n a l con ten t, the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip tio n s m a y d iffe r s i g n ifi ca n tly fr o m th ose in use in in dividu al e sta b lis h m e n ts o r those p r e p a r e d fo r oth er p u r p o s e s . In applying th ese jo b d e s c r ip t io n s , the B u r e a u 's fie ld r e p re s e n ta tiv e s a re in stru cte d to e x clu d e w o r k ing s u p e r v is o r s , a p p r e n tic e s , le a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , tr a in e e s , h andicapped w o r k e r s , p a r t -t im e , te m p o r a r y , and p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s . Of f i c e B IL L E R , M ACHINE P r e p a r e s sta tem en ts, b i lls , and in v o ic e s on a m a ch in e oth er than an o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a t ic ty p e w r ite r . M ay a ls o keep r e c o r d s as to b illin g s o r shipping c h a rg e s o r p e r fo r m o th e r c l e r i c a l w ork in cid e n ta l to b illin g o p e r a tio n s . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s , m a ch in e , a r e c la s s ifie d b y type o f m a ch in e , as fo llo w s : B i lle r , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ) - U ses a s p e c ia l b illin g m a ch in e (M oon H opk in s, E llio tt F is h e r , B u r r o u g h s , e tc . , w h ich a re co m b in a tio n typing and adding m a ch in e s) to p r e p a r e b ills and in v o ic e s fr o m c u s t o m e r s 1 p u rc h a s e o r d e r s , in te r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , shipping m e m o ra n d a , e tc . U su a lly in v o lv e s a p p lica tion o f p r e d e te r m in e d d is co u n ts and sh ipping c h a r g e s and en try of n e c e s s a r y e x te n s io n s , w h ich m a y o r m a y n ot be com p u ted on the b illin g m a ch in e, and tota ls w h ich a re a u to m a tica lly a ccu m u la ted by m a ch in e. The o p e r a tio n u su a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m ber o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f the b ill b e in g p r e p a r e d and is often done on a fa n fo ld m a ch in e. B i l l e r , m a ch in e (b ook k eep in g m a ch in e ) - U ses a b ook k eep in g m a ch in e (Sundstrand, E llio tt F is h e r , R em in g ton R and, e tc . , w hich m a y o r m a y not have ty p e w rite r k ey b oa rd ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b ills as part o f the a cco u n ts r e c e iv a b le o p e r a tio n . G e n e ra lly in v o lv e s the sim u lta n eou s e n try o f fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r record . The m a ch in e a u to m a tica lly a c c u m u la te s fig u r e s on a n u m b er o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s and c om p u tes and u su ally p rin ts a u to m a tic a lly the debit o r c r e d it b a la n c e s . D o e s not in v o lv e a k n o w l edge o f b ook k eep in g . W ork s f r o m u n ifo r m and stan dard ty p es o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p era tes a b ook k eep in g m a ch in e (R em in g ton R and, E llio tt F is h e r , Su n dstrand, B u r r o u g h s , N a tion al C a sh R e g is t e r , w ith o r w ith out a ty p e w rite r k ey b oa rd ) to keep a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s tr a n s a c tio n s . B O O K K E E PIN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R - C on tin u ed C la s s A - K eeps a se t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a kn ow led ge o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s and fa m ilia r it y w ith the stru ctu re o f the p a r t ic u la r a cco u n tin g s y s t e m u sed . D e t e r m ines p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is tr ib u tio n o f d eb it and c r e d it ite m s to be used in each phase o f the w o rk . M ay p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a te d r e p o r t s , b a la n ce sh e e ts , and oth er r e c o r d s b y hand. C la s s B - K eeps a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p h a ses o r s e c tio n s o f a set o f r e c o r d s u su ally r e q u irin g lit tle k n ow led ge o f b a s ic b o o k keepin g. P h a ses o r s e c tio n s in clu d e a cco u n ts p a y a b le , p a y r o ll, c u s t o m e r s 'a c c o u n t s (not in clu d in g a s im p le type o f b illin g d e s c r ib e d under b i lle r , m a ch in e), c o s t d is tr ib u tio n , e x p e n s e d is tr ib u tio n , in v en tory c o n t r o l, e tc . M ay c h e c k o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a tio n o f t r ia l b a la n ces and p rep a re c o n t r o l sh eets f o r the a cco u n tin g d ep a rtm en t. C L E R K , ACCO UNTIN G C la s s A - Under g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n t ant, has r e s p o n s ib ility f o r k eep in g on e o r m o r e s e c tio n s o f a c o m plete set o f b ook s o r r e c o r d s r e la tin g to one ph ase o f .an e s t a b lis h m en t's b u sin e s s tr a n s a c tio n s . W ork in v o lv e s p o s tin g and b a la n cin g su b sid ia ry le d g e r o r le d g e r s su ch as a cco u n ts r e c e iv a b le o r a c counts pa ya ble; ex am in in g and c o d in g in v o ic e s o r v o u c h e r s w ith p rop er a ccou n tin g d is tr ib u tio n ; r e q u ir e s ju d g m en t and e x p e r ie n c e in m aking p r o p e r a s sig n a tio n s and a llo c a t io n s . M ay a s s is t in p rep a rin g , ad ju stin g, and c lo s in g jo u r n a l e n tr ie s ; m a y d ir e c t c la s s B accou n tin g c le r k s . C la s s B - Under s u p e r v is io n , p e r fo r m s one o r m o r e rou tin e accoun tin g op era tion s su ch as p o s tin g sim p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s , accou n ts payable v o u c h e r s , en terin g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g is t e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g bank a c c o u n ts ; p ostin g s u b s id ia r y le d g e r s c o n t r o lle d by g en era l le d g e r s . T h is jo b d o e s not r e q u ir e a k n ow led ge o f accoun tin g and b ook k eep in g p r in c ip le s but is fou nd in o ffic e s in w hich the m o r e routine a ccou n tin g w o r k is su b d iv id ed on a fu n c tional b a s is am ong s e v e r a l w o r k e r s . 17 CLERK, K E Y -P U N C H F IL E C la s s A - R e s p o n s ib le fo r m aintaining an e sta b lis h e d filin g s y s te m ! C l a s s if ie s and in d e x e s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e o r oth er m a te r ia l; m a y a ls o file this m a te r ia l. M ay keep r e c o r d s of v a r io u s types in co n ju n ctio n w ith file s o r s u p e r v is e oth ers in filin g d lo c a tin g m a te r ia l in the f i l e s . M ay p e r fo r m in cid en tal c le r i c a l d u ties. C la s s B - P e r f o r m s r ou tin e filin g , u su ally of m a te r ia l that has a lr e a d y been c la s s if i e d , o r lo c a te s o r a s s is ts in lo c a tin g m a te r ia l in the f i l e s . M ay p e r f o r m in cid en ta l c le r i c a l d u ties. CLERK, PAYROLL C om p u tes w a g es o f co m p a n y e m p lo y e e s and en ters the n e c e s s a r y data on the p a y r o ll s h e e ts . D uties in v o lv e : C a lcu la tin g w o r k e r s 1 e a rn in g s b a s e d on tim e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; postin g c a lc u la te d data on p a y r o ll sh e e t, sh ow in g in fo r m a tio n su ch as w o r k e r ^ n am e, w ork in g d a y s , tim e , r a te , d ed u ction s fo r in s u r a n ce , and total w ages due. May m ake out pay c h e c k s and a s s is t p a y m a ste r in m aking up and d i s t r i buting pay e n v e lo p e s . M ay u se a c a lcu la tin g m a ch in e. COM PTOM ETER U nder g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n and w ith no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s i b ilit ie s , r e c o r d s a ccou n tin g and s ta tis tic a l data on tabulating c a r d s by punching a s e r ie s o f h o le s in the c a r d s in a s p e c ifie d seq u en ce, using an a lp h a b etica l o r a n u m e r ic a l k ey -p u n ch m a ch in e, follow in g w ritten in fo rm a tio n on r e c o r d s . M ay d u p licate c a r d s b y using the du p licatin g d e v ic e attach ed to m a ch in e. K eeps file s o f punch c a r d s . M ay v e r ify own w o rk o r w o rk o f o th e r s . O F F IC E BOY OR G IRL P e r fo r m s v a r io u s routine du ties su ch as running e r ra n d s , op era tin g m in o r o ffic e m a ch in e s su ch as s e a le r s o r m a ile r s , opening and d istrib u tin g m a il, and oth er m in o r c l e r i c a l w o rk . ORDER R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s 1 o r d e r s fo r m a te r ia l o r m e r c h a n d ise b y m a il, ph one, or p e r s o n a lly . D u ties in v olv e any com b in a tion o f the fo llo w in g : Q uoting p r ic e s to c u s t o m e r s ; m aking out an o r d e r sh eet lis tin g the ite m s to m ake up the o r d e r ; ch eck in g p r ic e s and qu an tities o f ite m s on o r d e r sh e e t; d is tr ib u tin g o r d e r sh eets to r e s p e c t iv e d e p a rtm en ts to be fille d . M ay c h e c k w ith c r e d it departm en t to d e t e r m in e c r e d it ratin g o f c u s t o m e r , ack n ow led ge r e c e ip t o f o r d e r s fr o m c u s t o m e r s , fo llo w up o r d e r s to s e e that they have been fille d , keep file o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d , and c h e c k shipping in v o ic e s w ith o r ig in a l ord ers. CLERK, OPERATOR OPERATOR P r im a r y duty is to o p e r a te a C o m p to m e te r to p e r fo r m m a th e m a tic a l co m p u ta tio n s. T h is jo b is not to be con fu sed w ith that o f s t a t is t ic a l o r o th e r type o f c le r k , w hich m ay in v olv e frequ en t use of a C o m p to m e te r bu t, in w h ich , u se o f this m a ch in e is in cid en ta l to p e r fo r m a n c e o f oth er d u tie s . SECRETARY P e r fo r m s s e c r e t a r ia l and c l e r i c a l duties fo r a s u p e r io r in an a d m in istra tiv e o r e x e cu tiv e p o s itio n . D uties in clu d e m aking ap p oin t m en ts fo r s u p e r io r ; r e c e iv in g p eop le c o m in g into o ffic e ; a n sw erin g and m aking phone c a lls ; handling p e r s o n a l and im p o rta n t o r c o n fi den tial m a il, and w ritin g rou tin e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e on own in itia tiv e; taking d icta tio n (w h ere tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e is not used) eith er in shorthand o r b y stenotyp e o r s im ila r m a ch in e , and tr a n s c r ib in g d ic ta tion o r the r e c o r d e d in fo r m a tio n r e p r o d u c e d on a tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e. M ay p r e p a r e s p e c ia l r e p o r t s o r m em o ra n d a f o r in fo rm a tio n o f s u p e r io r . STENOGRAPH ER, GENERAL P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n fr o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s , e ith e r in sh orth an d or b y sten otyp e o r s im ila r m a ch in e , in volvin g a n o rm a l rou tin e v o c a b u la r y , and to t r a n s c r ib e this d icta tio n on a ty p e w r it e r . M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten c o p y . May a ls o se t up and keep file s in o r d e r , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , e tc . D oes not include tra n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w o rk (s e e t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r ). STENOGRAPH ER, TE C H N IC A L P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n fr o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s , e ith e r in sh orth an d o r b y sten otyp e o r s im ila r m a ch in e , in v olv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch as in le g a l b r ie fs o r r e p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h and to tr a n s c r ib e this d icta tio n on a ty p e w r ite r . M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten co p y . M ay a ls o set up and keep file s in o r d e r , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , e tc . D oes not in clu de tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w ork . D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (M IM E O G RA PH OR D IT T O ) SW ITCH BO AR D U nder g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n and with no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ilit ie s , r e p r o d u c e s m u ltip le c o p ie s o f typew ritten o r handw riting m a tte r , u sin g a m im e o g r a p h o r d itto m a ch in e. M akes n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en t su ch as fo r in k and p a p e r fe e d cou n ter and c y lin d e r sp eed . Is not r e q u ir e d to p r e p a r e s t e n c il o r ditto m a s te r . May keep file o f u sed s t e n c ils o r ditto m a s t e r s . M ay s o r t, c o lla t e , and stap le c o m p leted m a te r ia l. OPERATOR O p era tes a s in g le - o r m u lt ip le -p o s itio n teleph on e sw itch b oa rd . D uties in v o lv e handling in c o m in g , ou tg oin g , and in traplan t o r o ffic e c a lls . M ay r e c o r d to ll c a lls and take m e s s a g e s . M ay g ive in fo r m a tion to p e r s o n s who c a ll in , or o c c a s io n a lly take teleph on e o r d e r s . F o r w o r k e r s who a lso a ct as r e c e p t io n is t s see sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r r e c e p t io n is t . 18 SW ITCH BO AR D tion type T h is tim e TRA N SC RIBIN G -M AC H IN E O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T In ad dition to p e r fo r m in g du ties o f o p e r a t o r , on a sin g le p o s i o r m o n it o r -t y p e sw itch b o a rd , a cts as r e c e p t io n is t and m a y a ls o o r p e r fo r m rou tin e c l e r i c a l w o rk as p a rt o f r e g u la r d u tie s . typin g o r c l e r i c a l w o rk m a y take the m a jo r p a rt o f this w ork er*s w h ile at sw itch b o a rd . T A B U L A T IN G - M ACHINE OPERATOR O p era tes m a ch in e that a u to m a tica lly a n a ly zes and tra n sla te s in fo rm a tio n punched in groups o f tabulating c a r d s and p rin ts tr a n s la ted data on fo r m s o r a ccou n tin g r e c o r d s ; sets o r ad ju sts m a ch in e; does s im p le w irin g o f p lu g b oa rd s a c c o r d in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r a c t ic e o r d ia g r a m s ; p la c e s c a r d s to be tabu lated in fe e d m a g a zin e and sta rts m a ch in e. M ay file c a r d s a fter th ey a re tabu lated. M ay, in addition, o p e ra te a u x ilia ry m a ch in e s . TR A N SC R IB IN G -M A C H IN E OPERATOR, T Y PIST U ses a ty p e w rite r to m a ke c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a te r ia l o r to m ake out b ills a fter c a lc u la tio n s have b e e n m ade b y an oth er p e r s o n . M ay do c l e r i c a l w ork in v o lv in g little s p e c ia l tra in in g , su ch as k e e p ing sim ple r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s o r s o r tin g and d i s tribu tin g in co m in g m a il. C la s s A - P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : T ypin g m a te ria l in fin al fo r m fr o m v e r y rou g h and in v o lv e d d ra ft; c o p y ing fr o m plain o r c o r r e c t e d c o p y in w h ich th ere is a freq u en t and v a r ie d use o f te c h n ic a l and unusual w o rd s o r fr o m f o r e ig n language c o p y ; co m b in in g m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s , o r planning layou t o f c o m p lic a te d s t a t is t ic a l ta b le s to m ain tain u ni fo r m ity and b a la n ce in sp a cin g ; typin g ta b les fr o m rou g h d ra ft in final fo r m . May type routine fo r m le t t e r s , v a ry in g d e ta ils to suit c ir c u m s t a n c e s . P r im a r y duty is to t r a n s c r ib e d icta tio n in v olv in g a n o rm a l rou tin e v o ca b u la r y fr o m tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e r e c o r d s . M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten c o p y and do sim p le c l e r i c a l w ork . W o r k e r s tr a n s c r ib in g d icta tio n in v olv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o ca b u la r y su ch as le g a l b r ie fs o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h a re not DRAFTSM AN, JUNIOR (A s s is ta n t d raftsm a n ) D raw s to s c a le units o r p a rts o f d raw in gs p r e p a r e d by d r a ft s m an o r o th e r s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m an u factu rin g p u r poses. U ses v a r io u s types o f d ra ftin g to o ls as r e q u ir e d . M ay p r e p a re draw in gs fr o m sim p le plans o r s k e tc h e s , o r p e r fo r m oth er duties under d ir e c tio n o f a d ra ftsm a n . DRAFTSM AN, LEADER P la n s and d ir e c ts a c tiv it ie s o f one o r m o r e d r a fts m e n in p r e p a r a tio n o f w ork in g plans and d eta il d raw in gs fr o m rou g h , o r p r e lim in a r y sk e tch e s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m an u factu rin g p u r p o s e s . D uties in v o lv e a co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : In terp retin g b lu e p r in ts , s k e tch e s , and w ritten o r v e rb a l o r d e r s ; d e te rm in in g w ork p r o c e d u r e s ; a ssig n in g du ties to su b ord in a tes and in sp e ctin g th e ir w ork; p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt p r o b le m s . May a s s is t su b ord in a tes during G E N E R A L - C on tin u ed in clu d ed . * A w o rk e r who takes d ic ta tio n in sh orth an d o r b y sten otyp e o r s im ila r m ach in e is c la s s if i e d as a s te n o g r a p h e r, g e n e r a l. GENERAL P r o f e s s ional OPERATOR, C la s s B - P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : T y pin g fr o m r e la t iv e ly c le a r o r typed d r a fts ; rou tin e typing o f f o r m s , in su ran ce p o lic ie s , e tc ; settin g up s im p le stan d ard ta b u la tion s, o r copyin g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s a lr e a d y set up and s p a c e d p r o p e r ly . nd T e c hni c al DRAFTSM AN, L E A D E R - C on tin u ed e m e r g e n c ie s o r as a r e g u la r a s s ig n m e n t, o r p e r fo r m o f a s u p e r v is o r y o r a d m in is tra tiv e n a tu re. r e la te d du ties D R A F T S M A N , SENIOR P r e p a r e s w ork in g plans and d e ta il d ra w in g s fr o m n o te s , rou gh o r d eta iled sk etch es fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m a n u fa ctu rin g p u rp o s e s . D uties in v o lv e a co m b in a tio n o l the fo llo w in g : P r e p a r in g w orkin g pla n s, d eta il d r a w in g s , m a p s , c r o s s - s e c t i o n s , e tc . , to sc a le by use o f draftin g in s tru m e n ts ; m akin g e n g in e e r in g c o m p u ta tion s su ch as th ose in v o lv e d in stren g th o f m a t e r ia ls , b e a m s and tr u s s e s ; v e rify in g c o m p le te d w o rk , c h e c k in g d im e n s io n s , m a te r ia ls to be used, and qu an tities; w ritin g s p e c ific a t io n s ; m aking a d ju stm en ts or changes in draw in gs o r s p e c ific a t io n s . M ay ink in lin e s and le t t e r s on p en cil d ra w in gs, p r e p a r e d eta il units o f c o m p le t e d r a w in g s , o r tr a c e d ra w in gs. W ork is fr e q u e n tly in a s p e c ia liz e d fie ld su ch as a r c h ite ctu r a l, e le c t r ic a l, m e c h a n ic a l, o r stru c tu ra l d ra ftin g . 19 N URSE, IN D U STR IA L (R E G IS T E R E D ) NURSE, A r e g is t e r e d n u r s e w ho g iv e s n u rsin g s e r v ic e to ill o r in ju re d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w ho b e c o m e ill o r su ffer an a c c id e n t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa c t o r y o r o th e r esta b lish m en t. D uties in v o lv e _a c o m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : G ivin g fir s t aid to the ill o r in ju re d ; attending to su b seq u en t d r e s sing o f e m p lo y e e s in ju r ie s ; k eepin g r e c o r d s o f patien ts tr e a te d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o rts fo r c o m p e n sa tio n o r oth er p u r p o s e s ; con d u ctin g p h y s ic a l exam in a tion s and health ev a lu a tion s o f a p p lica n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r ry in g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h ealth ed u ca tio n , a c c id e n t p rev en tion , evalu ation o f plant Maint e nanc e CARPENTER, M A IN TE N A N C E P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y duties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s tr u c t and m a in tain in g ood r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o rk and equipm ent su ch as b in s, c r i b s , c o u n te r s , b e n c h e s , p a r titio n s , d o o r s , flo o r s , s t a ir s , c a s in g s , and t r im m ade o f w ood in an esta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t of the fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o rk fr o m b lu e p r in ts , d r a w in g s , m o d e ls, o r v e r b a l in s t r u c t io n s ; using a v a r ie ty o f c a r p e n t e r ’ s h a n d tools, p o r ta b le p o w e r t o o ls , and standard m ea su rin g in stru m e n ts ; m akin g sta n d a rd shop co m p u ta tio n s rela tin g to d im en sion s o f w ork ; s e le c t in g m a te r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w ork . In g e n e ra l, the w o rk o f the m a in ten a n ce c a r p e n t e r r e q u ir e s roun ded train in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ ivalent tr a in ing and e x p e r ie n c e . E L E C T R IC IA N S , M A IN T E N A N C E P e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic a l trad e fu n ction s su ch as the in sta lla tio n , m a in te n a n ce , o r r e p a ir o f equipm ent fo r the g en era tin g , d is tr ib u tio n , o r u tiliz a tio n o f e le c t r ic e n e rg y in an esta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In stallin g c r r e p a irin g any o f a v a r ie ty o f e l e c t r i c a l equ ip m en t su ch as g e n e r a to r s , t r a n s fo r m e r s , s w itc h b o a r d s , c o n t r o ll e r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , heating units, con d u it s y s t e m s , o r oth er tr a n s m is s io n equ ipm ent; w orkin g fr o m b lu e p r in ts, d r a w in g s , la y o u t, o r oth er s p e c ific a tio n s ; lo ca tin g and d ia g n osin g tr o u b le in the e le c t r ic a l s y s t e m o r equ ipm ent; w orkin g stan dard com p u ta tion s r e la tin g to lo a d re q u ire m e n ts o f w iring o r e le c t r ic a l equ ipm en t; usin g a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic ia n ’ s h an dtools and m e a su rin g and testin g in s tru m e n ts . In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m a in ten an ce e le c t r ic ia n r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . IN D U STRIA L (R E G ISTE R E D ) - C on tinu ed e n v iron m en t, o r oth er sa fe ty o f a ll p e r s o n n e l. a c tiv it ie s a ffe c tin g the h ealth, w e lfa r e , and TRACER C o p ie s plans and dra w in gs p r e p a r e d by o th e r s , b y p la cin g tr a c in g c lo th o r pa p er o v e r draw in g and tr a c in g w ith pen o r p en cil. U ses T -s q u a r e , c o m p a s s , and oth er d ra ftin g to o ls . M ay p re p a re sim p le draw in gs and do sim p le le tte r in g . and Powerplant EN G IN EER , ST A T IO N A R Y O p era tes and m a in tain s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e the op era tion o f sta tio n a ry en gin es and equ ipm en t (m e c h a n ica l or e le c t r ic a l) to su p p ly the e sta b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r, heat, r e f r ig e r a tion , o r a ir -c o n d itio n in g . W ork in v o lv e s : O pera tin g and m aintaining equ ipm en t su ch as ste a m e n g in e s, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , tu r b in e s, ven tilatin g and r e fr ig e r a tin g equ ipm en t, s te a m b o i le r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a ter pu m ps; m aking equ ipm en t r e p a ir s ; keepin g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a tio n o f m a ch in e ry , te m p e r a tu r e , and fu el c o n s u m p tion. M ay a ls o s u p e r v is e th ese o p e r a tio n s . H ead o r c h ie f e n g in eers in esta b lis h m e n ts em p lo y in g m o r e than one e n g in eer a re exclu d ed . F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R F ir e s sta tio n a ry b o i le r s to fu rn ish the e s ta b lis h m e n t in w hich e m p lo y e d w ith h eat, p o w e r, o r stea m . F e e d s fu e ls to f ir e by hand o r o p e r a te s a m e c h a n ica l s to k e r , g a s, o r o il b u r n e r ; c h e c k s w ater and sa fe ty v a lv e s . May c le a n , o il, o r a s s is t in r e p a ir in g b o i le r r o o m equ ipm en t. H ELPER, TR A D E S, M AIN TE N A N C E A s s is t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k ille d m ain ten an ce tr a d e s , b y p e r fo r m in g s p e c ific o r g e n e r a l duties o f l e s s e r s k ill, such as k eepin g a w o r k e r su pp lied w ith m a te r ia ls and t o o ls ; clea n in g w o r k ing a r e a , m a ch in e , and equ ipm en t; a s s is tin g w o r k e r b y h oldin g m a te r ia ls or t o o ls ; p e r fo r m in g oth er u n sk illed ta sk s as d ir e c t e d by jo u r n eym an . The kind o f w o rk the h e lp e r is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m v a r ie s fr o m trad e to tra d e : In som e tra d e s the h e lp e r is c o n fin e d to su p p ly in g, liftin g , and h oldin g m a te r ia ls and to o ls and cle a n in g w orkin g a r e a s ; and in o th e r s he is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m s p e c ia liz e d m a ch in e o p e r a tio n s , o r p a rts o f a tra d e that a re a ls o p e r fo r m e d b y w o rk e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is . 20 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM S p e c ia liz e s in the o p e r a tio n o f one o r m o r e ty pes o f m a ch in e t o o ls , su ch as jig b o r e r s , c y lin d r ic a l o r s u r fa c e g r in d e r s , engine la th e s, o r m illin g m a ch in e s in the c o n s tr u c tio n o f m a c h in e -s h o p to o ls , g a u g e s , ji g s , fix t u r e s , o r d ie s . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ; P la n n in g and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a ch in in g o p e r a tio n s ; p r o c e s s in g ite m s r e q u irin g c o m p lic a te d setups o r a high d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u sin g a v a r ie ty o f p r e c is io n m e a s u rin g in stru m e n ts; s e le c t in g fe e d s , s p e e d s , to o lin g and o p e r a tio n se q u e n ce ; m akin g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m en ts du ring o p e r a tio n to a c h ie v e r e q u is ite to le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s . M ay be r e q u ire d to r e c o g n iz e w hen to o ls n eed d r e s s in g , to d r e s s to o ls , and to s e le c t p r o p e r co o la n ts and cutting and lu b r ic a tin g o ils . F or c r o s s - in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m , in to o l and d ie jo b b in g sh ops a r e ex clu d e d fr o m this c la s s ific a t io n . M ACH IN IST, MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE R e p a ir s m a ch in e ry o r m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t o f an e s t a b lis h m en t. W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in in g m a ch in e s and m e c h a n ica l equipm ent to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d ism a n tlin g o r p a rtly d ism a n tlin g m a ch in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e the u se of h an dtools in s c r a p in g and fittin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b ro k e n o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts w ith ite m s ob ta in ed fr o m s to ck ; o r d e r in g the p ro d u ctio n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a rt b y a m a ch in e shop or sen din g o f the m a ch in e to a m a ch in e shop fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w ritte n s p e c ific a tio n s fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r fo r the p r o d u c tio n o f p a rts o r d e r e d fr o m m a ch in e shop; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m akin g a ll n e c e s s a r y adju stm en ts fo r o p e ra tio n . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f a m a in ten a n ce m ech a n ic r e q u ir e s roun ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip or eq u iv a len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . E xclu ded fr o m this c la s s ific a t io n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y du ties in volve setting up o r a d ju stin g m a c h in e s . M AIN TE N A N C E M ILLW RIG H T P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a rts and new p a rts in m akin g r e p a ir s o f m e ta l p a rts o f m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t op e ra te d in an e sta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In terp retin g w ritte n in s t r u c tion s and s p e c ific a t io n s ; planning ana la yin g out of w ork ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t's h an dtools and p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m en ts; settin g up and o p e ra tin g stan dard m a ch in e to o ls ; shaping o f m eta l p a rts to c lo s e t o le r a n c e s ; m akin g stan dard shop com p u ta tion s r e la t ing to d im e n s io n s of w o rk , to o lin g , fe e d s and sp eed s o f m a ch in in g; kn ow led ge o f the w ork in g p r o p e r t ie s o f the c o m m o n m e ta ls ; s e le c tin g stan d ard m a t e r ia ls , p a r t s , and equ ipm ent r e q u ir e d fo r h is w o rk ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a rts into m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t. In g e n e r a l, the m a c h in is t 's w o rk n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a roun ded train in g in m a c h in e shop p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ir e d through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ iv alen t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e . Installs new m a ch in e s o r h ea v y equ ip m en t and d is m a n tle s and in sta lls m a ch in es or h ea v y equ ip m en t w hen ch a n g es in the plant la y out a r e r e q u ire d . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Plann in g and layin g out o f the w ork ; in te r p r e tin g b lu e p rin ts o r oth er s p e c ific a t io n s ; u sin g a v a r ie ty o f h an dtools and r ig g in g ; m akin g stan d ard shop c o m putations rela tin g to s t r e s s e s , stren g th o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n t e r s of g ra vity; alining and b a la n cin g o f equ ip m en t; s e le c t in g stan dard t o o ls , equipm ent, and p a rts to be u se d ; in sta llin g and m a in tain in g in g ood o r d e r p ow er tr a n s m is s io n eq u ip m en t su ch as d r iv e s and sp eed r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, the m illw r ig h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a roun ded trainin g and e x p e rie n c e in the trad e a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p r e n tice s h ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . OILER M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M A IN TE N A N C E ) R e p a ir s a u to m o b ile s , b u s s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e sta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in in g a u to m o tiv e equ ipm en t to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g eq u ipm en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e the u se o f su ch h an dto o ls as w r e n c h e s , g a u g es, d r i l l s , or s p e c ia liz e d equ ipm en t in d i s a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a rts ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m sto c k ; g rin d in g and a d ju stin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in sta llin g the v a r io u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m akin g n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en ts; a lin in g w h e e ls , a d ju stin g b r a k e s and lig h ts, o r tightening b o d y b o lts . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk of the a u tom otiv e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s roun ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e ship or eq u iv a len t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e . L u b r ica te s , with o il o r g r e a s e , the m o v in g p a rts o r w ea rin g su r fa c e s o f m e ch a n ica l equ ipm ent o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. P A IN T E R , M AIN TE N AN C E P aints and r e d e c o r a t e s w a lls , w o o d w o r k , and fix tu r e s o f an esta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : K n ow led g e o f s u r fa c e p e c u lia r itie s and types of pa in t r e q u ir e d fo r d iffe r e n t a p p lic a tio n s ; p rep a rin g s u r fa c e fo r paintin g by r e m o v in g o ld fin ish o r b y p la cin g putty or f ill e r in n ail h o le s and in t e r s t ic e s ; ap p lyin g paint w ith s p ra y gun or b ru sh . M ay m ix c o l o r s , o i l s , w hite le a d , and oth er paint in gred ien ts to obtain p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s is t e n c y . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk of the m a in ten an ce p a in te r r e q u ir e s roun ded train in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r e q u iv a lent training and e x p e r ie n c e . 21 P IP E F IT T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L W O RK ER, In stalls o r r e p a ir s w a te r , stea m , g a s, o r other types o f pip e and p ip e fittin g s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the f o l low in g: L ayin g out o f w o r k and m e a su rin g to lo c a te p o s i ion o f pip e fr o m d ra w in g s o r o th e r w ritte n s p e c ific a tio n s ; cutting v «v io u s s iz e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t len gths w ith c h is e l and h a m m er or o x y a ce ty le n e to r c h o r p ip e -c u ttin g m a ch in e ; th readin g pip e w ith stock s and d ie s ; ben din g p ip e by h a n d -d r iv e n o r p o w e r -d r iv e n m a ch in es; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s te n in g pip e to h a n g e rs; m aking stan dard shop com p u ta tion s r e la tin g to p r e s s u r e s , flo w , and s iz e o f p ip e r e q u ire d ; m a kin g stan d ard te s ts to d e te rm in e w hether fin ish ed p ip e s m e e t s p e c ific a t io n s . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in ten an ce p ip e fitte r r e q u ir e s rou n ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a cq u ire d th rough a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r eq u iv a len t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e . W o r k e rs r im a r ily en ga ged in in sta llin g and re p a ir in g building san ita tion o r eating s y s te m s a r e e x clu d e d . PLUM BER, M A IN T E N A N C E K eep s the p lu m b in g s y s te m o f an esta b lish m en t in g ood o r d e r . W ork in v o lv e s ; K n ow led g e o f s a n ita ry c o d e s reg a rd in g in sta lla tio n o f ven ts and tra p s in plu m b in g s y s t e m ; in sta llin g o r re p a irin g p ip es and fix t u r e s ; op en in g c lo g g e d d ra in s w ith a p lu n ger o r p lu m b e r 's sn ake. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in ten a n ce p lu m b er r e q u ir e s roun ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d through a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e ship o r eq u iv a len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN TE N A N C E F a b r ic a t e s , in s t a lls , and m ain tains in g ood r e p a ir the sh e e tm e ta l eq u ip m en t and fix tu r e s (su ch as m a ch in e g u a rd s, g r e a s e p a n s, s h e lv e s , l o c k e r s , ta n k s, v e n t ila t o r s , ch u tes, d u cts, m e ta l r o o fin g ) o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t of the fo llo w in g : Plann in g Custodial and and la yin g out a il ty pes o f s h e e t-m e ta l m a in ten a n ce w o r k fr o m b lu e p r in ts , m o d e ls , o r oth er s p e c ific a t io n s ; settin g up and op era tin g a ll a v a ila b le ty p es o f s h e e t-m e ta l-w o r k in g m a ch in e s ; u sin g a v a r ie ty of h an d toois in cu ttin g, ben d in g , fo r m in g , sh ap ing, fittin g , and a s s e m b lin g ; in sta llin g s h e e t-m e ta l a r t i c le s as r e q u ir e d . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m a in ten a n ce s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s roun ded trainin g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip or eq u ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R (D ie m a k e r; jig m a k e r; to o lm a k e r ; fix tu re m a k e r ; gau ge m a k er) C o n s tru c ts and r e p a ir s m a c h in e -s h o p t o o ls , g a u g e s , ji g s , f i x tu re s o r d ie s fQr fo r g in g s , punching, and oth er m e t a l-fo r m in g w ork . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P lann in g and la yin g out o f w o rk fr o m m o d e ls , b lu e p r in ts , d r a w in g s , o r oth er o r a l and w ritten s p e c if i ca tio n s ; u sin g a v a r ie ty o f to o l and die m a k e r ’ s h an dtoois and p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m e n ts ; u n derstan din g o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r t ie s o f c o m m o n m e ta ls and a llo y s ; settin g up and op era tin g o f m a ch in e to o ls and r e la te d equ ipm en t; m a kin g n e c e s s a r y shop com p u ta tion s rela tin g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , s p e e d s , fe e d s , and to o lin g o f m a c h in e s ; h ea ttre a tin g o f m e ta l p a rts du rin g fa b r ic a tio n as w e ll as o f fin ish e d to o ls and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a litie s; w ork in g to c lo s e to le r a n c e s ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g o f p a rts to p r e s c r i b e d to le r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s ; s e le c t in g a p p ro p r ia te m a t e r ia ls , t o o l s , and p r o c e s s e s . In g e n e r a l, the to o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u ir e s a rou n ded trainin g in m a ch in e shop and to o lr o o m p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r equ iv alen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . F o r c r o s s - in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , to o l and d ie m a k ers in to o l and die jo b b in g sh ops a r e ex clu d e d fr o m this* c la s s ific a t io n . Material G U AR D M A IN TE N A N C E - C ontinued Movement JA N IT O R , PORTER, OR C L E A N E R (S w eep er; ch a rw om a n ; ja n it r e s s ) P e r f o r m s rou tin e p o li c e d u ties, eith er at fix ed p o s t o r on to u r , m a in tain in g o r d e r , u sin g a r m s o r f o r c e w h ere n e c e s s a r y . In c lu d e s g a tem en w ho a r e sta tion ed at gate and ch eck on id en tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th e r p e r s o n s e n te r in g . C lean s and keep s in an o r d e r ly con d ition fa c t o r y w ork in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m is e s of an o f f ic e , a p a rtm en t h ou se, o r c o m m e r c ia l o r oth er e s ta b lis h m e n t. D uties in v olv e a com b in a tion 22 JA N IT O R , PORTER, OR C L E A N E R - Continued o f the fo llo w in g : S w eeping, m op p in g £ r sc r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g flo o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s, tra s h , and oth er r e fu s e ; dusting equ ipm en t, fu rn itu r e , o r fix t u r e s ; p o lish in g m e ta l fix tu re s or tr im m in g s ; p r o v id in g su p p lies and m in o r m a in ten a n ce s e r v ic e s ; clea n in g la v a t o r ie s , s h o w e r s , and restroom s. W o r k e rs who s p e c ia liz e in w indow w ash in g a r e ex clu d ed . LABORER, M A T E R IA L HANDLING (L o a d e r and u n loa d er; h a n dler and s ta c k e r ; s h e lv e r ; tr u c k e r ; stock m a n o r s to ck h e lp e r ; w a reh ou sem a n o r w a r e h o u se h e lp e r ) A w o r k e r em p loy ed in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa ctu rin g plant, s t o r e , o r oth er e sta b lis h m e n t w h ose du ties in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g ; L oad in g and unloadin g v a r io u s m a te r ia ls and m e r c b a n d is e on o r fr o m fr e ig h t c a r s , tr u ck s , o r oth er tr a n sp o rtin g d e v ic e s ; u n pa ck in g, s h e lv in g , o r p la cin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s to r a g e lo c a tio n ; tra n sp o rtin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e by hand tru ck , c a r , o r w h e e lb a r r o w . L o n g s h o r e m e n , w ho loa d and unload sh ips a r e ex clu d e d . O R D E R F IL L E R (O rd e r p ic k e r ; s to ck s e l e c t o r ; w a re h o u se stock m a n ) F il ls sh ipping o r tr a n s fe r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d g o o d s fr o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c ific a tio n s on s a le s s lip s , c u s t o m e r s ’ o r d e r s , o r oth er in s tru ctio n s . M ay, in a d d ition to fillin g o r d e r s and in d icatin g ite m s fille d o r om itted , keep r e c o r d s o f ou t g oin g o r d e r s , r e q u is itio n a d d ition a l s to c k , o r r e p o r t s h o r t su p p lies to s u p e r v is o r , and p e r fo r m oth er r e la te d d u ties. PACKER, SHIPPING P r e p a r e s fin ish e d p r o d u c ts fo r sh ipm ent o r s to r a g e b y p la cin g them in sh ipping c o n ta in e r s , the s p e c ific o p e r a tio n s p e r fo r m e d bein g depen den t upon the type, s iz e , and n u m ber o f units to be p a ck e d , the type o f co n ta in e r e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f sh ipm en t. W ork r e q u ir e s the p la cin g o f item in shipping c o n ta in e rs and m a y in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : K n ow ledge of v a r io u s ite m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r to v e r ify con ten t; s e le c t io n o f a p p ro p ria te type and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r; in s e r tin g e n c lo s u r e s in c o n ta in e r; u sing e x c e ls io r o r oth er m a te r ia l to p r e v e n t b rea k a g e o r d a m ag e; c lo s in g and se a lin g c o n ta in e r; ap plyin g la b e ls o r en terin g iden tifyin g data on c o n ta in e r. P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w ood en b o x e s o r c r a te s a r e e x clu d ed . SHIPPING AND RE C E IV IN G C L E R K P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r sh ipm en t, o r r e c e iv e s and is r e s p o n s ib le fo r in co m in g sh ipm en ts o f m e r c h a n d is e o r oth er m a t e r ia ls . Shipping w o r k in v o lv e s : A kn ow led ge o f shipping p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r o u te s , a v a ila b le m ea n s o f tr a n sp o rta tio n and r a te s ; and p r e - SHIPPING AND RE CEIV IN G C L E R K - C on tinu ed p a rin g r e c o r d s of the g o o d s sh ip p ed , m a k in g up b ills o f la d in g, p o s t ing w eight and shipping c h a r g e s , and k eep in g a file o f shipping r e c o r d s . M ay d ir e c t o r a s s is t in p r e p a r in g the m e r c h a n d is e fo r sh ip m en t. R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s : V e r ify in g o r d ir e c tin g o th e r s in v e r ify in g the c o r r e c t n e s s o f sh ipm en ts a g a in s t b ills o f la d in g, in v o ic e s , o r oth er r e c o r d s ; ch eck in g f o r s h o r ta g e s and r e je c tin g d a m a g ed g o o d s ; rou tin g m e rch a n d ise or m a te r ia ls to p r o p e r d e p a rtm e n ts; m a in tain in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f ile s . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : R e c e iv in g c le r k Shipping c le r k Shipping and r e c e iv in g c le r k T R U C K D R IV E R D riv e s a tru ck w ith in a c it y o r in d u str ia l a r e a to tr a n s p o r t m a te r ia ls , m e r c h a n d is e , eq u ip m en t, o r m e n b etw een v a r io u s ty p es o f esta b lish m en ts such a s : M an u fa ctu rin g p la n ts, fr e ig h t d e p o ts, w a r e h o u s e s , w h o le sa le and r e ta il e s ta b lis h m e n t s , o r b etw een r e ta il e s t a b lish m en ts and c u s t o m e r s ’ h o u s e s o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s . M ay a ls o loa d o r unload tru ck w ith o r w ith ou t h e lp e r s , m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a ir s , and keep tru ck in g ood w o rk in g o r d e r . D r iv e r - s a l e s m e n and o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s a r e c la s s if i e d b y s iz e and type o f equipm ent, as fo llo w s : ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r sh ou ld be rated on the b a sis o f tr a ile r c a p a c it y . ) T r u c k d r iv e r , ligh t (under lVa ton s) T r u c k d r iv e r , m ed iu m ( l 1/ 2 to and in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a ile r ty p e ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , oth er than t r a ile r type) TR U C K E R , PO W ER O pera tes a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r ic - p o w e r e d tr u ck or tr a c to r to tr a n s p o rt g o o d s and m a te r ia ls o f a ll kinds about a w a re h o u se , m a n u factu rin g p la n t, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , tr u ck , as fo llo w s : w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifi e d b y ty p e o f T r u c k e r , p o w e r (fo r k lift) T r u c k e r , p o w e r (oth er than f o r k l i f t ) W ATCH M AN M akes rounds o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a l ly in p r o te c tin g p r o p e r t y a g a in st f i r e , theft, and ille g a l en try. ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING O F F IC E : 1955 O - 338447 F o r the co n v e n ie n ce o f u s e r s of BLS data, c o p ie s of b u lletin s m a y a ls o be p u rch a se d fro m the fo llo w in g sa le s o ffic e s : U .S . D ep a rtm en t o f L a b or B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics 341 Ninth A venue N ew Y o r k 1, N. Y. U .S . D epartm en t o f L a b or B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistics 630 S ansom e S treet San F r a n c is c o 11, C a lif. U .S . D epartm en t of L a b o r B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistics 105 W est A dam s S treet C h ica g o 3, 111. O ccu p ation al wage su rv e y s a r e bein g con d u cted in 1 7 m a jo r la b o r m a rk ets during late 1954 and e a r ly 1955. B ulletins fo r the fo llo w in g a re a s a re now a v a ila b le and m a y be p u rch a sed fro m the Su perin ten den t o f D ocu m en ts, G ov ern m en t P rin tin g O ffic e , W ashington 25, D. C. , o r fr o m any of the r e g io n a l s a le s o ffic e s liste d a b o v e . L a b o r M arket B u ffa lo , N. Y . C le v e la n d , Ohio D a lla s , T ex . P h ila d e lp h ia , P a. M in n e a p o lis-S t. P aul, M inn. D e n v e r, C o lo . San F r a n c is c o Oakland, C a lif. N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , N. J. M e m p h is, Tenn. St. L o u is , M o. S u rv ey P e r io d BLS B u lletin N um ber S e p te m b e r 1954 O cto b e r 1954 S ep tem b er 1954 N o v e m b e r 1954 1172-1 1172-2 1172-3 1 1 72 -4 25 25 20 25 N o v e m b e r 1954 D e c e m b e r 1954 1 1 72-5 1 1 72 -6 20 cents 25 cents January 1955 1 1 72-7 20 cents D e c e m b e r 1954 F e b ru a ry 1955 F e b ru a ry 1955 1 1 7 2 -8 1172-9 1172-10 20 cents 20 cents 25 cents P r ic e cents cents cents cents