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N E W A R K -J E R S E Y C IT Y , N. J.
D E C E M B E R 1954

BLS Bulletin No. 1172-8

U N ITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary



BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS
Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner




House Document No. 40

84th Congress, 1st Session

Occupational Wage Survey
NEWARK-JERSEY CITY, N. J.




December

1954

Bulletin N o.

1 1 7 2 -8

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.

Price 20 cents

C ONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION ......... ............... ............................ ........................... ............

1

O ccupational earnings * A - 1 O ffice occupations ___________________________________
A - 2 P ro fe ss io n a l and technical occupations ___________
A - 3 Maintenance and powerplant occupations __________
A -4 C ustodial and m aterial m ovem ent occupations ____

B:

Establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplementarywage p rovision s B -1 Shift d ifferen tial p rovision s * ______________________
B -2 Minimum entrance rates fo r wom en o ffice w orkers
B - 3 F requen cy o f wage p a y m e n t________________________
B -4 Scheduled weekly hours * ___________________________
B -5 Paid holiday p rovision s * __________________________
B -6 Paid vacations * _____________________________________

APPENDIX:




Job d escrip tion s ______________________________________

* NOTE: S im ilar tabulations (a lso cov erin g health, insurance, and pen sion
plans) are available in the N e w a rk -J e rse y C ity area reports fo r N ovem ber
1951, N ovem ber 1952, and D ecem b er 1953. The 1953 report a lso p rovid es
tabulations of wage structure c h a r a c te r is tic s , labor-m anagem en t a g r e e ­
m ents, and overtim e pay p ro v isio n s. A d ire cto ry indicating date o f study
and the p rice of the re p o rts , as w ell as rep orts for other m ajor a re a s , is
available upon request.
C urrent rep orts on occupational earnings and supplem entary wage
p ra ctice s in the N ew a rk -J ersey C ity area are also available fo r m ach in ery
in du stries, (January 1955), leath er tanning (May 1954), and m en 's and b o y s '
d ress shirts (May 1954). Union s c a le s , indicative of prevailing pay le v e ls ,
are available fo r the follow in g trades o r industries: Building con stru ction ,
printing, lo c a l transit operating em p loyees, and m otortruck d r iv e r s .

00 C " o

A:

u>

TABLES:

10
11

12

12
13
14
16

OCCUPATIONAL

WAGE

SURVEY

-

Introduction

CITY,

N.

J.*

Data a r e sh ow n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i. e . , t h o se h ir e d
to w o r k a f u l l - t i m e s c h e d u le f o r the g iv e n o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i ­
c a tio n . E a r n i n g s data e x c lu d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r
w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and late s h ift s .
N o n p r o d u c tio n b o ­
n u s e s a r e a l s o e x c l u d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s and in cen tive
e a rn in g s a r e in c l u d e d . W h e re w e e k l y h o u rs a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r
o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w o r k s ch e d u le s
(rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a l f - h o u r ) f o r w h ich s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s
a r e p aid; a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n in g s f o r th ese o c c u p a t io n s have been
ro u n d e d to the n e a r e s t 50 c e n t s .

Th e N e w a r k - J e r s e y C ity a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l i m p o r ­
tant in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s in w h i c h the B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta t i s t ic s
has c o n d u c t e d s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l ea rn in g s and r e la t e d w a g e
b e n e f it s on an a r e a w i d e b a s i s . In e a ch a r e a , data a r e o b ta in e d
b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u fi e l d agents to r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s ­
t a b l is h m e n t s w ith in 6 b r o a d in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s :
M a n u fa ctu rin g ;
t r a n s p o r t a t i o n (e x c l u d i n g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r
p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l tra d e ; fi n a n c e , i n s u r ­
a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s .
M a j o r in d u s try g r o u p s
e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s e s tu d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t in stitu tions and the
c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E s t a b li s h m e n t s having
f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s w e r e a l s o o m i t t e d
s i n c e th e y f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t io n s
stu d ie d to w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n . *1 W h e r e v e r p o s s i b l e , s e p a r a t e t a b ­
u la tio n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r the in d iv id u a l b r o a d in d u stry d i v i s i o n s .

O c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e f e r to the total in
a ll e s t a b l is h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and not to the
n u m b e r a c t u a ll y s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l
s t r u c t u r e a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the e s t i m a t e s of o c c u p a tio n a l
e m p l o y m e n t ob ta in e d f r o m the s a m p l e of e s t a b l is h m e n t s studied
s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s studied.
T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e do not m a t e r ia ll y
a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y o f the ea r n in g s data.

T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a sa m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e
o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ,
and to e n s u r e p r o m p t p u b l i c a t i o n o f r e s u l t s .
T o ob ta in a p p r o ­
p r i a t e a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n of la r g e
than o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is stu d ied . In co m b in in g the data,
h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e giv en th e ir £iL>propriate w e ig h t.
E s t i m a t e s a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , as re la t in g to a l l e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t s in the i n d u s t r y g r o u p in g and a r e a , but not to th o se b e l o w
the m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d i e d . 2

E s t a b l i s h m e nt P r a c t i c e s and Suppl e m e n t a r y
Wage P r o v is io n s
I n fo r m a t io n is a l s o p r e s e n t e d on s e l e c t e d e s t a b l is h m e n t
p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fit s as th ey r e la t e to o f f i c e and
plant w o r k e r s .
The t e r m , ’ ’o f f i c e w o r k e r s ” , as u s e d in this
b u lle tin in c l u d e s a ll o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s and e x c lu d e s a d ­
m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l .
" P la n t w o r k e r s ” in clu d e w o r k i n g f o r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y
w o r k e r s (inclu din g le a d m e n and t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f fic e
f u n c t io n s . A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n ic a l
e m p l o y e e s , and f o r c e a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t i o n e m p l o y e e s w ho a r e
u t il iz e d as a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s
and r o u t e m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa c tu r in g i n d u s t r ie s but a r e
in c lu d e d as plant w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ct u rin g i n d u s t r i e s .

O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n i n g s
O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n i f o r m set o f
j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to take a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t
v a r i a t i o n in d u tie s w ith in the s a m e jo b (s e e A pp en d ix f o r li s tin g
o f t h e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s ) . E a r n i n g s data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r the f o l ­
lo w in g ty p e s o f o c c u p a t i o n s : (a) O ffice c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l
and t e c h n i c a l ; (c ) m a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t ; and (d) c u s t o d ia l
and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t .

S h i f t - d i f f e r e n t i a l data a r e li m it e d to m a n u fa ctu rin g i n ­
d u stries.
T h is in f o r m a t i o n is p r e s e n t e d both in t e r m s of (a)
e s t a b l is h m e n t p o l i c y 3 and (b) e f f e c t i v e p r o v i s i o n s f o r w o r k e r s

* T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u ’ s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e
in N e w Y o r k , N. Y . , b y T h e o d o r e A l l i s o n u nd er the d i r e c t i o n
o f P a u l E . W a r w i c k , R e g i o n a l W age and In d u stria l R e la t i o n s
A nalyst.
1 See f o l l o w i n g t a b le f o r m i n i m u m - s i z e e s t a b l is h m e n t c o v ­
e r e d b y stu d y .
2 An e x c e p t i o n is m a d e in the ta b u la tion o f m i n i m u m e n ­
t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s w h ich r e la t e s to p r o v i s i o n s
in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a c t u a l l y s tu d ie d .




NEWARK-JERSEY

3
An e s t a b l is h m e n t w as c o n s i d e r e d as h a v in g a p o l i c y if it
m e t e it h e r o f the fo l lo w in g c o n d it i o n s : ( l ) O p e ra t e d late shifts
at the tim e of the s u r v e y , o r (2) had f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g
late s h ift s .

(i)

2

a c t u a ll y e m p l o y e d on e x t r a sh ifts at the ti m e o f the s u r v e y .
T a b u la tio n s r e la t in g to e s t a b l is h m e n t p o l i c y a r e p r e s e n t e d in
t e r m s of tota l plant w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t ; e s t i m a t e s in the s e c o n d
ta b u la tion r e l a t e o n ly to th o s e w o r k e r s a c t u a ll y e m p l o y e d on the
s p e c i f i e d sh ift.
S u p p l e m e n t a r y p r a c t i c e s , o th e r than m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e
r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , and shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s , a r e
t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s i s that th e s e a r e p r o v i d e d to a ll
w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in o f f i c e s o r plant d e p a r t m e n t s that o b s e r v e
the p r a c t i c e in q u e s t i o n . 4* B e c a u s e o f v a r y in g e l i g i b i l i t y r e ­

4 S ch e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( f i r s t s e c t i o n
o f table B - 4 ) a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f the p r o p o r t i o n of w o m e n
o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in o f f i c e s with the in d ic a t e d w e e k l y h o u r s
for wom en w ork ers.

q u i r e m e n t s , the p r o p o r t i o n a c t u a l l y r e c e i v i n g the s p e c i f i c b e n e fit s
m a y be s m a l l e r .
M o r e o v e r , a p r a c t i c e was c o n s id e r e d as a p ­
p l i c a b l e to a ll o f f i c e o r p lan t w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t if it
a p p lie d to a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s .
B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g ,
s u m s of in d ivid ual it e m s in t h e s e t a b u la t io n s d o n ot n e c e s s a r i l y
equ al tota ls.
The s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s is l i m i t e d to f o r m a l
a r r a n g e m e n t s , e x clu d in g i n f o r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y ti m e o f f w ith
p a y is g ra n ted at the d i s c r e t i o n o f the e m p l o y e r o r the s u p e r ­
v isor.
S e p a ra te e s t i m a t e s a r e p r o v i d e d a c c o r d i n g to e m p l o y e r
p r a c t i c e in c o m p u tin g v a c a t i o n p a y m e n t s , s u c h as t i m e p a y m e n t s ,
p e r c e n t of annual e a r n in g s , o r f l a t - s u m a m o u n t s .
H o w e v e r , in
the ta bulations o f v a c a t i o n a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y ­
m e n ts not on a t im e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t
of 2 p e r c e n t of annual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as the e q u iv a le n t
of 1 w eek ’ s pay.

E sta b lish m en ts and W o rk e rs W ithin S co p e o f S u rv e y and N u m b er S tu died in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , N. J. , 1 b y M a jo r In d u stry D iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 1954

Ind ustry d iv is io n

M in im u m s iz e
e s ta b lis h m e n t
in s c o p e o f
study 2

W ithin
sco p e of
study

W ith in s c o p e o f study

S tudied

Studied
T o t a l3

O ffic e

P la n t

T o t a l3

1 ,0 4 6

263

3 8 7 ,6 0 0

69, 200

2 5 2 ,2 0 0

2 2 5 ,2 5 0

101
“

577
469

141
122

2 61 ,30 0
126 ,30 0

3 2 ,1 0 0
3 7 ,1 0 0

1 9 0 ,4 0 0
6 1 ,8 0 0

1 4 4 ,2 3 0
8 1 ,0 2 0

101
51

47
149

15
34

3 3 ,0 0 0
1 6,2 00

7 ,3 0 0
4, 000

1 9 ,9 0 0
7, 100

2 7 ,3 7 0
5, 060

101
51
51

61
88
124

21
22
30

2 6 ,6 0 0
2 8 ,5 0 0
2 2 ,0 0 0

2, 400
2 0 ,3 0 0
(7 1
)
7
6
5
4
3
2

2 1 ,3 0 0
900
(7)

1 8 ,5 1 0
1 7 ,6 2 0
1 2 ,4 6 0

A ll d iv is io n s ___________________________________________________
M anu factu ring _________________________________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________________________
T r a n s p o r ta tio n (ex clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ),
co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilities 4 __________
W h o le sa le tra d e ___________________________________________
R e ta il tra d e (e x c e p t lim it e d -p r ic e v a r ie ty
s to r e s ) ____________________________________________________
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ___________________
S e r v ic e s 6 __________________________________________________

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts

N u m b er o f e sta b lish m e n ts

5

1 The N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity A r e a (E s s e x , H udson, and Union C o u n t ie s ). T he " w o r k e r s w ithin s co p e o f study" e s tim a te s show n in this tab le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e ­
s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u rv e y . The e s tim a te s a re not intended, h o w e v e r, to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r a re a e m p lo y ­
m ent in d ice s to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tren d s o r le v e ls s in ce ( l) planning o f w age s u rv e y s r e q u ir e s the use o f es ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce o f the pay p e r io d
stu died and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re ex clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f s u rv e y .
2 In clu d es a ll esta b lis h m e n ts with total e m p loy m e n t at o r a bov e the m in im u m s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll outlets (within the a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s trie s as tra d e , fin a n ce ,
auto r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o tio n -p ic t u r e th ea ters a re c o n s id e r e d as one e s ta b lis h m e n t.
3 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , te c h n ic a l, p r o fe s s io n a l and oth er w o r k e r s e x clu d e d f r o m the se p a ra te o ffic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s .
4 A ls o e x c lu d e s t a x ic a b s , and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w a te r t ra n s p o r ta tio n in clu d e d in e a r l i e r stu d ie s.
5 E stim a te re la te s to r e a l esta te e s ta b lis h m e n ts on ly .
6 H o te ls ; p e rs o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; ra d io b r o a d c a s tin g and te le v is io n ; m o tio n p ic tu r e ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e rin g
and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .
7 This in d u stry d iv is io n is re p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s , a lth ough c o v e r a g e was in s u ffic ie n t to ju s t ify s e p a ­
ra te p re s e n ta tio n o f data.




A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l: Office Occupations
(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N . J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954)
NUMBER OF WO RK ER S RECEI VI NG STRAI GHT- TI ME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

A vebaok

Sex,

occupation,

Number
of
workers

and in du stry d ivision

Weekly
hours
(Standard)

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

8
Under 3 5 .0 0
and
$
3 5 .0 0 under
37 .5 0

$
3 7 .5 0

8
40 .0 0

$
4 2 .5 0

8
45 .0 0

s
8
8
8
8
8
s
S
8
s
8
8
8
$
8
8
4 7 . 5 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 2 . 5 0 5 5 . 0 0 5 7 . 5 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 2 . 5 0 6 5 . 00 6 7 . 5 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 2 . 5 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0

4 0 .0 0

4 2 .5 0

4 5 .0 0

4 7 .5 0

5 0 .0 0

5 2 ,5 0

5 5 .0 0

5 7 .5 0

6 0 .0 0

6 2 .5 0

6 5 .0 0

6 7 .5 0

7 0 .0 0

72 .5 0

7 5 .0 0

80 .0 0

85 .0 0

9 0 .0 0

and
over

9 5 .0 0

M en
*
272
2 38
55

3 8 .5
3 9 .0

84 .0 0
81 .5 0

3 7 .5
3 6 .5

8 6 .5 0
7 9 .5 0

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________

387
137

3 9 .0
39 .0

7 3 .5 0
r 6 5 . 50

C l e r k s , o r d e r ______________________________________
M an u facturin g
...
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
_______________________
W h olesa le trade

426
212
214
200

3 9 .0
39 .0
3 9 .0
.3 9.0

7 7 .5 0
78 .0 0
77 .0 0
76 .5 0

C lerk s, p ayroll
___________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________

232
181

3 9 .0
3 9 .5

77 .5 0
7 7 .0 0

_________________________________________
O ffice boy s
M an u fa cturin g
..........
_
_

512
253

3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .5
3 9 .0
3 7 .0

4 6 .0 0
42 .5 0
39 .0 0
4 2 .5 0

450
163

3 8 .0

517
246

C lerk s, accounting,
M an u fa cturin g

510

class A
_
_ _

N onm anufacturing
Finance** _

_

______________________
.
..

N onm anufacturing . . . . . .
W h olesale trade
F inan ce** . ...
...................

___
.

....
.

_
._

Tabu latin g-m ach in e o p e ra to rs _
M an u fa cturin g
_ .

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

'

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

_

_

_

-

-

60
15

29
12

45

17

9
27

6 8 .0 0

_

3 9 .0

72 .5 0

“

3 7 .5
3 8 .5
3 6 .5

56 .5 0
55 .0 0
57 .5 0

-

1
-

-

1

62
83

3 8 .5
3 8 .0
3 9 .0

56 .0 0
58 .0 0
54 .0 0

286
140
146
10 7

3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .0
3 7 .0

59 .0 0
6 3 .5 0
55 .0 0
53 .0 0

829
224
605
113

37
38
37
39

53 .0 0
59 .0 0
51 .0 0
5 5 . 50

3
3
-

57

259
57
131

4 4 .0 0

-

-

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

_

10
-

3
2

40
23

-

_

_

_

11

_
-

1
1
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

11
-

-

-

-

_

_

3

1

-

-

-

66
36

-

-

1
-

4
-

2
-

6
4

1

4

2

8
4
4

1

-

2
2

~

1

17
3

6
3

9
-

_
_

27
22

74
54

-

20
14
6
1

46
10

15
4

36
10

5
1

20
5

44
24

13
11

18
12

30
24

14
11

13
4

13

32
11

30
8
22
22

15
7

9
5
4
4

79
45
34
33

28
16

59
40

12
12

19
17

39
24

9

72
46
26
6

42
25

7
1

11 8
8

26
8
18
17

44
24
20
16

13
13

17
8

73
31

37
22
15

100
‘
3

40
60

-

-

1

39
2

41

43
23

14
27
21

-

9
9

-

.

4

7

6

6

1

43

4

58

-

-

4

6

6

9
6

16

1

16

1

38

1

51

34
20
14
-

37
23

53
45
8
-

15
3

7
4

10
7
3
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

3
-

7
6
1
-

1
_

12
-

1
_

_
_

.
_

.
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

-

21
21

8
8

11
10

20
20
4

33
20

38

Ill

9
3

23
15
4
4

39
72
21
39

44
20
24
8
11

19

7

9

3

3

3

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

3

10

1

11

9

33
10

13
5

94
32

26
4

11

26
17

60
18

9
6

13
7

4

“

9
5

54

"

13
8

17

-

45
1

2
-

23
-

44
35

20
13

95
36

53
13

64

40
11

6
6

12
8

6
5

4
3

17
14

6
_

10
_

2
_

5
_

15
_

23

9

7

59

40

49
15

49
41

2

8

29

-

4

1

3

6

10

2

5

15

-

12
7
5

25
8
17

21
8
13

16

9
1
8

7
5

1
_

_

_

.

_

_

2
.

_

_

1

8
6
2

_

2

-

-

-

2

-

-

42
16
26
13

30
15
15
10

18

7
3
4
3

15
13
2

9
2
7

21

1

19
2

1
_

_
_
_

_
_
_

_

1

-

2

-

-

-

-

23
16
7
_

4

9
9
.
_

14

1
_

_

1
_

_
_

.
_
_
_

_
_

30
6

14
-

"

37

2

W om en
B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) _______
M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
..
.
B ille r s , m a ch in e (book k eepin g
m a ch in e)
M an u fa ctu rin g
...
____
.... ______ __
N onm anufacturing
........... .. _
_ _
B ook k eep in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs,
class A
. . .
....
.
M an u fa cturin g
..
....
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
F inan ce**

..
_

.
. .
_ _

B ook k eep in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs ,
class B .
.
.......
.....................
M an u fa ctu rin g
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
W h olesa le trade
Finance**
__
C lerk s, accounting,
M an u fa ctu rin g
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g

...........

_
_

.

class

_
A

_

. . .
_
.

_

.

____________________________

271

145

.5
.5
.5
.5

_

4
-

1
-

5
1
4

12
3

-

9
2
7

9

2
1
1

11

-

1

-

-

3
-

6
-

9
_

-

-

9
9

13
13

4
1
3
3

20
1

6
6

18
1
17
16

13
_

3
3

57
-

38
-

19
-

41
_

57
-

38
-

19
-

41
4
37

9
46

92
24
68
12
52

20
5
15
4
8

21

19
36
8
25

15
3
12

22
4
18

10
3

49
21

22
2

32
16

7

28

20

16

36 .5

4 9 .0 0

3

38

17

539
319
220

38 .5
3 9 .0
3 8 .0

6 8 .5 0

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

S ee fo o tn o te s a t en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) ,
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e .




c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

12
31

4

429

72 .0 0
63 .5 0

43

a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .

93
25
68
7
45
21
21

66
6
60

s—
5

19
15

91
34
57
35

55

14
2

53
49
4
2

91
38
53
24
29

17
8
9
8

11
7
3

68
25
43
4
36

44

13
7
6

68
44

9
35
6
8

24

1

3
1
_

11
3
_

_

_

_

_

_

_

6

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

23

62
51

24

78
59
19

26
23

6

19
5

59
45
14

3

9
1
8

19
4

11

2
4

Occupational Wage Survey, N e w ark -J e rsey C ity, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area b asis
in N e w ark -J e rsey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954)
NUM BE R OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAI GHT- TI ME1 WE E KL Y E ARNINGS OF

A verage

Sex, occupation,

of
workers

and in du stry d iv ision

Weekly
(Standard)

Under
Weekly
earnings $
(Standard) 3 5 . 0 0

$
3 5 . 00

class
___

B
___

u tilities*

W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _________________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 5 _______________________________
F i n a n c e * * ____________________________________
C le rk s , file, c la s s A
M an u facturin g
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g

__________________________
_

F i n a n c e * * ___________________________________
C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ____________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g .............
. .
_________________________
N on m a n ufa ctu rin g
W h olesale trade
__
....... .
_
Finance**
C lerk s, o rd e r
..... .
M an u fa ctu rin g
N on m a n ufa ctu rin g

_ _

.

. ...

_

_

.....................

M an u fa cturin g

.

..

N on m a n ufa ctu rin g

................. _

___________________________

C om ptom eter operators
M an u fa ctu rin g
. .

_______________________
_ _ ..

N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
W h olesa le trade
R e t a i l t r a d e 5 ____________
D u p licatin g-m a ch in e

________________

K ey-punch op era tors

__________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________
____
Non m an u factu rin g

O ffice g ir ls
.. .
.... . .......... _
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..
_ . .......
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in u
_
_

.......
. ..

..

S ecretaries
M an u fa cturin g
.......
.. _
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .. .
. ...... . .............. ..
P u b lic u tilities*
. . . ........................ _.
W h olesale trade
_
.
.. ... ___
R e t a i l t r a d e 5 . . . .... . .
_

5 6 .0 0

2

39 .0
3 7 .5

5 7 .0 0
55 .0 0

2
_
-

104
67
139
135
377
12 6
251
14 2
1.308
380
928
122
592

F in a n c e ,




$
4 7 .5 0

$
50 .0 0

S
$
52 .5 0 55 .0 0

S
5 7 .5 0

~

4 0 .0 0

4 2 .5 0

4 5 .0 0

4 7 .5 0

3 7 .5
3 9 .0
3 7 .5
3 7 .0

5 5 .0 0
5 8 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
5 5 .0 0

3
-

3
-

49
13

3
-

3
-

36
-

2

2

24
6

12
3
13
11

-

-

.

_

.

_

-

-

-

-

48
12
36

*
6 0 .0 0
~

5 0 .0 0

5 2 .5 0

s
6 2 .5 0

S
6 5 .0 0

“

$
$
$
f
$
6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0
“

5 5 . 0 0 - 5 7 ^ 5 0 . 60 „ t 0 0 _ - 6 1 a .5(L 6 . 5 . 0 Q - 6 7 . 5 0

18
-

99
31

69
40

118
69

54

68

29
11
-

29
6
3
1

11

49
8
30
7
3

55
11
44

43
5
38

21
1
20

14
9
20
18

46

13 9
88
51

46
4
1
18
23

22
7
1
8
6

18
1
11
21

38
30
8

34
21
13

5 5 . 50
5 2 .5 0

-

-

-

-

-

34

33

29

10

31
13
18
15

-

6

3 8 .0
3 9 .0

4 6 .5 0
5 0 .0 0

18
-

26
-

303

192
25

126
62

45
15

22
17

58
24

18
-

26
-

34
-

77

20
4
1

5
-

21

64
12
20

30
-

9

57
67
12
28

42
22

4 5 .0 0
4 4 .5 0
4 3 .0 0

224
76
148
23
97

124

3 7 .5
4 0 .0
37 .0

83
5
78
-

3 9 .0

5 8 .5 0
6 2 .5 0
5 4 . 50
56 .0 0
4 9 .0 0

3
-

1
-

6
-

23

36

22

3
-

1
-

6
2
4

19
9
10

25
4
21
17
4

24
12
8
4

6
16
10
6

49
14
35
26

15
8
7
4
3

29
27
2

11
4
7

48

34

34
14

9
25

25
5

59
19
40
10

64
38
26
8

16

4

50
253
38
190

954
761
193

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 7 .5

6 1 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
6 0 .0 0

985

3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .5
3 9 .0
3 7 .5

6 0 .5 0
6 1 .5 0
6 0 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
5 6 .0 0

_

_

_

-

-

_

17
2
15
-

-

-

-

15

38 .0
3 7 .5

5 0 .0 0
4 9 .0 0

9
9

-

3
3

7
1

1
1

23
12

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .0

5 6 .0 0

_

_

57 .0 0
5 4 . 50

-

-

18
-

~

18

36
16
20

69
25

-

20
18
2

4 3 .5 0
45 .5 0

15
7
8

42
16
26

99
15

4 3 .0 0

54
6
6 48

11 1
24

370

3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 7 .5

87

84

3.491

3 8 .5

7 2 .0 0

_

_

_

15

2,246
1,245

3 9 .0
3 8 .0

7 2 .0 0
7 2 .5 0

36
39
39
37

8
7
6
7

_
_
-

-

_
-

10
-

11
_
-

3

1

_

_

-

-

1
-

-

-

1

4

167
32
124

3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .5

469
516
18 8
222

19

68

109
63

5 6 .5 0
58 .5 0

2

46
3
43

4

83

.5
.5
.0
.5

38
39
38
37

239
174
57

_______________________________

11 0
69
944
471
47 3
496
126

199
150
85
510

See fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le .
*
T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) ,
**

$
4 5 .0 0

"

“

s
8 5 .0 0

"

J , ( L QQ Z 2 - J 5 Q - 7 5 . . M

8 0 . QQ

s
%
90 .0 0 9 5 .0 0
and
~

a . 5 j ? o _ 9 Q . Q.Q.. 9 5 . 0 0

over

20
9
9

34

77

16
18
4
_

48
29
1
10

19
7
_

2
10

9
9

5
3

13
4

50
18
32

8
_

10
_

1
3

1
6
3

1
4

9
1

-

1
1
-

8
1
7

-

9
2
7

-

_

6
_
_

_
.
_

_
_
_
_

-

-

-

-

2
1
1

-

2

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

_

6

2

2

_

_

_

_

2
4
1

19
10
-

_
_

2
4
_

2
_
-

2
_
_

_
.
_

_
_
-

_
_

_
_
_
-

2
2

i
i

25

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

53

9
5

13
3
10

81

27

38

23
23
_
_

9
9

5

21
6
-

17
15
2
2

2

36
45

8
8
_

2
_
_

5
_
_

_
_
_
-

25
28
17
3

4
4

34
30
4

115
96

6

-

14
24
22
2

-

-

-

-

-

124

34

38

38

10

23
11

35
3

38
-

27
24
3

7

97
27

89
81
8

4
3

2
8

-

66
40
26
2

80
51

87
25
62

30
18
12

4
_

7
_

8
_

19
16

4
_

7
_

8
_

12

9

2
8

60
45
15
14

19

49
13

32
32
_
_
-

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

86

19

89
5

64
22

43
31

131
46
85
31

64
38
26
_

113

19
20

59
19
40
4
25

41

25

18
11

12
12

5
2

14
8

116

44

57
24
33

76
22
54

10
4
6

35
6

11

29
10

60

10
_

29

-

19
41

32
24

12

10

6

9
3

94

19

20

4
_

4
1
3
3

44
1

9

17
13

15
4
11
7

9
1

92
73

20
1

72
41
11
25

12

29
13

_

_

operators

( m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o ) _______________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________

F inance**

3 8 .5

534

46 5
226

_________________________
.
_

W h olesale trade
R etail trade 5
payroll

1.011
477

N on m a n u fa ctu rin g

C lerk s,

$
4 2 .5 0

- C on tin u ed

C lerk s, accounting,
M an u fa ctu rin g _
P u b lic

$
4 0 .0 0

"
3 7 .5 0

W om en

$
3 7 .5 0

in s u r a n c e ,

and r e a l e s ta te .

.5
.0
.0
.0

0
1
5
3

.0
.5
.0
.0

c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

0
0
0
0

4

a n d o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .

3

10
10

5
6
-

3

19
_
_
1
18

48
68

77
27

16 1

.

1
96
40
56

-

45

10

15

13

9
1

12
3

9
4

-

-

-

-

.

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

152

125

262

310

248

537

341

201

94

18 7

68
57
3
10
2
27

18 5
77
5
20
5
26

472
328

248

104
48
8
5
6
13

169
103
66
16

184
64

214
96

215
126
34

104
97

64
30
10

11
2
26

18
18
58

14
18
6
38

167
81
15

358

9
11
4
24

29
50

30

25
25
_

12

3

_

-

16
16

.

4
2

_

-

-

21
6
15

_

-

-

35
10

17
4
13

10
6

4

40

91
70

93
53

1
-

115
61
54

50

18
_

10
8

3
3

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

_

.

144
10

2
2
57

179
21
21
8
52

11
4
65

19
7
2
58

2
1
7

96
91
7 35
11
4
23

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued
(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and ea rn in g s1 for selected occupations studied on an area basis
in N ew ark-Jersey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954)
NUMB ER OF WO RK ER S RECEI VI NG STRAI GHT- TI ME1 WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

A veraqk

Sex, occupation,

and in d u stry d iv isio n

Number
of
workers

Weekly
(Standard)

W om en

Under
Weekly
earnings
$
(Standard)
35 .0 0

? 5 .0 0
and
under
3 7 .5 0

? 7 . 50

t o

. 00

% Z. 50

1 5 .0 0

4 7 .5 0

50 .0 0

$
5 2 .5 0

5 5 .0 0

57 .5 0

S
6 0 .0 0

*
6 2 .5 0

S
6 5 .0 0

%
6 7 .5 0

$
7 0 .0 0

t
7 2 .5 0

7 5 .0 0

80 .0 0

$
8 5 .0 0

9 0 .0 0

9 5 .0 0

40 .0 0

4 2 .5 0

4 5 .0 0

4 7 .5 0

50 .0 0

5 2 .5 0

5 5 .0 0

5 7 .5 0

6 0 .0 0

6 2 .5 0

6 5 .0 0

6 7 .5 0

7 0 .0 0

7 2 .5 0

7 5 .0 0

80 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

9 0 .0 0

9 5 .0 0

over

and

- C on tin u ed

Stenographers, general
M an u fa cturin g
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
P u b lic u tilities
W h olesale trade
R etail trade 5
Finance**
_

_ _

.......

.
_

.

.

_

59 .5 0
6 1 .0 0

4
-

5
-

10
-

20
-

57 .0 0
59 .0 0
57 .0 0

4
_

10

20

54 .0 0
54 .0 0

4

5
2
_
_
3

9

19

6 4 . 50

_

_

_

.

_

91
132

3 8 .5
38 .5
3 8 .0

6 2 .5 0
66 .0 0

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

541

39 .0

3
-

48 .5 0

1
1
_

3
_

1
1
_

54 .5 0

-

3

-

34
4
30
16
6

1, 1 9 4
275
237
7 1
497

S ten ogra p h ers, technical
M an u facturin g
_
N onm a nufa cturing

38 .5
3 9 .0
37 .0
3 5 .5
3 9 .0
38 .5
3 7 .0

2.692
1,49 8

223

.... .

S w itch b oard o p e ra to r s
M an u fa ctu rin g
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
R etail trade 5
Finance** .

199
342

3 8 .5
39 .0

58
137

4 0 .0
3 6 .5

S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ______
M an u facturin g
N on m a n ufa ctu rin g
W h olesa le trade

456
317

T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s _____________
M an u fa cturin g .
.....................
N onm a nufa cturing
_ .... .
T ran scrib in g-m ach in e op era tors,
g e n e r a l ______________________________________________
M an u fa ctu rin g

.

.

.

N on m a n u fa ctu rin g
F inan ce**
_

_

773

129

55 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 7 .5 0

469
223
246

3 7 .5
3 9 .0
36 .5

62 .0 0
6 6 .0 0
58 .5 0

351
138

3 8 .0
38 .0
3 8 .0
3 7 .5

5 4 . 50
55 .0 0
54 .0 0
51 .5 0

39 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
3 7 .5

57 .5 0
58 .5 0
5 5 . 50
53 .0 0

1, 1 6 0
1,32 6
107
225
65

3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 7 .5
3 6 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .5

4 9 .0 0
51 .0 0
47 .5 0
52 .5 0
50 .0 0
4 5 .5 0

801

3 7 .0

4 5 .5 0

213
154
1.006
637

T vp ists. cla ss B
. .
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ . _
N onm anufacturing
...
P u b lic u tilities*

2.486

W h olesale trade
R etail trad e 5
F inance **

___

__________________________

369
169

_

55 .5 0
38 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .0

T y p i s t s , c l a s s A ___
M an u fa ctu rin g
_
.
N onm a nufa cturing
_ .. .
F i n a n c e * * ___________________________________

... .

57 .0 0
61 .5 0
54 .5 0

1
_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

1
_■
_

27
14
13

56
-------- 6
50

10

84

45

37

52

2

15

'

4

2

2
13

9
2
7

9
4
5

17

_

4
_

35
6

33
4

19
2

57
8

40
3

51

29
3
4

29
6
17

17
12
1

49
8

37
2
20

39
24
15
3
11

28
23
3

45

54
27
27

36
7

69
47
22
4

144

25

79
65
27

14
11
7

32
3

53
35
18

5
_

-

3

13

_

13
8
5

12
-

3

-

3

-

-

4

.
_

12
4

_

8

-

1

14
6
8
3

53
10
43
1

256

247

91
165
4
22

89
158
14
37
8

_

_
-

3
-

_
_

_

42

37

42

37

_
_
_

_
_
_

_

5

3

3

36

34

39

9
10 8

220
13 8
82

29

_

_

330
154

13
1

42

13
_

-

238
12 7
11 1
42
6

41

8
_

-

.

283
13 2
15 1

17 6
37
76
16

3
_

-

123
39
84
26
15
14

34
11
4

_

140
67
73
18

12
12

96

18
26
7

29
125

-

29
19

77
48
22

8
3
5

36
4
32

35
3
32

9
27

34
28
6

82
23

21
12

21

6

59
51

9
6

64
24
40
23

82
38
44
32

88
54
34

56
25
31
20

206
163
43

437
15 8

329

231
126
105
11
25

5

17 6
112
64
7
17
1

60

20

36

21

279
7
38
8

16 9
160
20
8
13

389
201
18 8
20
58
8

209

114

75

29

23
5
18
15

9

11
14
5

16
1

10

5

35
6
29
21
136
75
61
56
91
74
17

5
2

_

325

146
88

242
13 2

191
125

101

96

118

35

8

1

58
7
20
3

11 0
16
10
6

66
40
5
_

71
30
5
1
1

73
23
23
_
_

91
27
11
5
_

22
13
1
2
_

8
_
_
_
_

1
_
_
_
_

22

47

21

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

46
28
18

22

33

6

13

17
5

10
23

3
3

16
_

19
2
17

7
_

4
_

1
_

_

7

4

1

-

50
24

44
22

57
27

20

22
13

4

11

26
15

26
2
17

22
2

30
_

9
_

11
_

_
_

1

4

7

7

-

97
62
35
11

30
12
18
8

52

18

44
8
1

28
15
13
12

11
7
4

7
3
4
4

16
4
12

32
24
8

13 7
82
55

21
14
7

22
17
5

12
10
2

23
4

224
101
8
44
4
38




-

-

-

-

-

14
8
6
6

1
1
_

_
_

_

1
1
_

-

-

-

-

9
9

1
1

_

19

11
10
1

-

-

-

_

2
_

1
3

_

_

4

9
3
6

3
1
2

_
_

_
_

2

_
_

'

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

77
43
34
1

29
27
2

16
10
6

22
22
_

9
8
1

2
2
_

_
_

1
1

_

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

18

19
18
1
1

7
6
1
1

2

7

_

4

2

7

4

_
_
_

_
_

_

-

12
10

103
57
46

89
78
11
3

49
32
7
2

60
48
12
4
1

3

7

Hours r efle ct the w orkw eek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly h ours.
W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 17 at $ 9 5 to $ 1 0 0 ; 10 at $100 to $ 1 0 5 ; 13 at $ 1 0 5 and over.
W o rk ers w ere distributed as follow s: 7at $ 9 5 to $1 00 ; 14
at $1 00 to $110; 15 at $ 110 to $ 1 2 0 ; 24 at $1 20 and ove r.
W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 11 at $9 5 to $1 00 ; 5 at $100 to $1 10 ; 12 at $ 110 to $ 1 2 0 ; 5 at$1 20 and ove r.
Excludes lim ite d -p r ic e variety sto r e s.
6 W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 30 at $3 0 to $ 3 2 .5 0 ; 18 at $ 3 2 .5 0 to $ 3 5 .
7 W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 15 at $95 to $100; 13 at $1 00 to $1 10 ; 7 at $ 110 to $ 1 2 0 .
* Transportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
* * F in ance, in suran ce, and r ea l estate.

_
_

9
_

4
.

5

_

1

1
1
_
_

1
6

9
2

_

4
4
.
_

_

7

11

15
15

-

7
6

_

_

30

81

16

_
_
_

26
14

9
9

_

7
2

_
_

_
_

_
_
_

2

5
2

_

_
_
_

4

_

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for selected occupations studied on an area b asis
in N e w a rk -J e rsey C ity, N. J. , by industry division, Decem ber 1954)
A verage

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Number
of

Weekly
(Standard)

N UM BER OF W O RK ERS RECEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E W E E K L Y E A RN IN G S OF-

Weekly
earnings
(Standard)

S
t
$
S
t
S
s
$
$
$
S
9
$
S
*
*
%
S
9
s
9
9
4 5 .0 0 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 7 5 .0 0 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00
and
and
“
_
~
“
~
~
~
~
~
■
"
~
“
under
50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 over

-

Men
$

D raftsm en , leader ---------------------------------------

239

39. 0

1 1 2 .5 0

D raftsm en , senior --------------------------------------M an u factu rin g___________________________
Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------

963
779
184

39. 0
39. 5
38. 5

97. 00
96. 00
101. 50

D raftsm en , junior --------------------------------------M an u factu rin g___________________________
Nonmanufacturing _______________________

682
555
127

39. 5
39. 5
39. 0

71. 00
70. 00
76. 50

2

4

68

6

56

13

12

34

11

9

14

7

1

43
39
4

35
34
1

156
137
19

90
69
21

104
78
26

114
96
18

112
98
14

92
75
17

89
64
25

32
24
8

25
13
12

14
10
4

27
24
3

1
1
-

9
9

2
2

29
29

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

„

.

.

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

17
15
2

3
3

25
17
8

56
49
7

109
88
21

153
133
20

126
100
26

55
54
1

85
81
4

13
12
1

14
13
1

14
5
9

5
4

11
8

52
47

31
28

96
74

59
55

29
22

24
23

17
15

4
4

1

2

-

-

'
Women

N u r se s, industrial (r e g is t e r e d ) ---------------M an u factu rin g------------------------------------------

328
280

3 9 .5
39. 5

73. 50
73. 50

1 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra ig h t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.

Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A verage hourly earnings 1 for m en in selected occupations studied on an area b asis
in N e w a rk -J e rsey C ity , N. J. , by industry division, D ecem ber 1954)
NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STR AIGH T-TIM E HOURLY E A RN IN G S OF—

$
$
Under 1. 35 1 .4 0
and
$
under
1. 35
1 .4 0 1 .4 5

Number

Average

workers

earnings

C arp en ters, maintenance ------------------------Manufarturing
Nonmannfart-nring .. .

871
743
128

$
2. 29
2. 25
2. 51

E le c tr ic ia n s, maintenance _______________
M a n u fa c t u r in g
... .
Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------

1 ,3 3 7
1 ,1 7 5
162

2. 37
2. 33
2 .6 6

_

764
488
276

2. 48
2. 52
2 .4 2

_

Occupation and industry division

E n gin ee rs, station ary—

-------------------------

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ......................
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

..
___

_

See footnotes at end of table.




of

$
1. 45

$
1. 50

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1. 55

1 .6 0

1. 65

1. 70

1. 75

1. 80

1. 85

1 .9 0

1.9 5

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2 .4 0

1. 50

1. 55

1. 60

1.6 5

1 .7 0

1. 75

1. 80

1. 85

1 .9 0

1.9 5

2. 00

2 .0 5

_

7
2
5

21
21

29
29

15
13
2

17
15
2

31
31

30
28
2

6

16
l6

7
7

3
3

13
13

25
25

4

_

4
8
_

_
-

6

-

-

-

8

-

_

2

11
11

4

14
_

8
_

4

2
2

14

8

4

_

_

2

9
6
3

24
8
16

16

_

16

11
11

2. 10

2. 15

2. 20

2. 25

2. 30

2 .4 0

80
79
1

37
36
1

27
25
2

99
90
9

31
31

84
75
9

60
56
51
49 — 57“ ~ T T ]
1
3
2

107
104
3

40
40
-

79
73
6

94
92
2

311
298
13

31
25
6

31
20

23
15
8

18
13
5

32
25
7

51
44

25
25

45
44
1

14
12
2

11

7

s
2. 80
and
2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 over
$
$
$
2. 50 2. 60 2 .7 0

139
127
12

18
1
17

116
110
6

147
92
55

-

76
47
29

47

4924
25

78
31

-

31
29

2

73

35

l
2 * 34

71

83
82

115

53

1 3

62

80 171
36 4128
44

5

43

Occupational Wage S urvey, N e w a r k -J e r se y C ity, N. J. , D e cem b er 1954

U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations - Continued
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C it y , N. J. , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 1954)

O ccupation and industry d ivision

Number
of
workers

$
$
Average
hourly Under 1. 35 1.40
earnings $
and
1. 35 under
1.40 1.45

NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING STR AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN ING S OF—

$

S
1.45 1.50

1.50

F irem en , stationary b o ile r _____________
M anufacturing _ __ ____ ____________

786
644

$
1. 99
2. 01

H e lp ers, tra d es, m a in ten an ce6 ________
M anufacturing _ ______________________
Nonmanufacturing ____________________
Pu blic u tilities 6 * ________________

1.545
1,200
345
251

1. 90
1.92
1. 84
1. 81

M a ch in e-tool o p e r a to r s , t o o l r o o m _____

633
633

2. 25
2 25

M ach in ists, m aintenance _______________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________
N onm anufacturing ____________________

1,678
1,586
92

2. 32
2. 31
2.49

M e ch an ics, autom otive (m aintenance)___
M anufacturing _ ______________________
Nonmanufacturing ____________________
WVinlpsalp traHo

1, 132
210
922
74

2.
2.
2.
2.

M ech a n ics, m aintenance ________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________
Nonmanufacturing ____________________

2.4 6 0
2, 223
237

2.27
2. 29
2. 06

M illw rights --------------------------------------------M anufacturing
.......... __

422
409

2. 23
2. 21

O ilers ___ ________________________________
M anufacturing _ ______________________

396
381

1.92
1.91

19
15

2
-

1
-

'

P a in ters, m aintenance _ _______________
M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------------

630
444

2. 15
2. 17

26
-

-

-

P ip e fit t e r s ........... ..............................................
M anufacturing _ ______________________
N on m an u factu rin g____________________

1, 106
1,036
70

2.41
2. 39
2. 76

-

-

-

S h eet-m etal w o rk e rs , m a in te n a n c e ____

187
177

2. 37
2. 36

2 ,0 7 2
1,979

2. 40
2. 40

M a r m fa rtnrir»|Y

T o o l and die m akers

___________________________

M 7Kn n fa r tn r i n g

13
25
11
41

47
21

6
-

11
5
6
“

17
8
9
2

19
19

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
$
$‘
$
$
$
$
$
$
1. 55 1. 60 1. 65 1. 70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2.40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80
and
1. 55 1.60 1. 65 1. 70 1.75 1.80 1. 85 1.90 1.95 2. 00 2.05 2. 10 2. 15 2. 20 2. 25 2. 30 2.4 0 2.50 2 .60 2. 70 2. 80 over

15
11

31 - 2 2 18
1-8
13
9
8
6

17
6

6
5

57
56

51
35

16
15

48
48

30
30

39
35

87
56

33
33

41
40

17
17

21
21

13
13

36
33

28
28

38
33
5
5

131
118
13
12

38
29
9
7

36
34
2
2

53
29
24
20

91
87
4
-

220
146
74
68

73
15
58
55

88
39
49
48

5
2
3
2

71
62
9
9

25
25
_

15
15
*

19
16
3

.
_

"

527
502
25
7

2
2

68
68

37
37

40
40

46
46

84
84

4
4

(6y
"

-

_
-

-

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8

-

-

-

2
2

10
6
4

3
3

8




18
16

-

-

63
48

5
5

8
8

1
1

15
-

_

_

_

_
_

_
_

-

-

-

-

40
40

166
166

124
124

4

2

3

7

66
43
7 23

_

_

12
12
-

8
8
-

61
61
-

103
103
-

10
9
1

33
26
7

123
121
2

91
84
7

79
73
6

35
34
1

156
156
-

408
407
1

302
298
4

106
73
33

9
6
3

72
72

3
3
-

-

-

-

-

2
2
-

11
3
8

16
4
12

24
12
12

241
14
227

82
19
63

284
29
255
4

157
22
135
4

14
3
11

25
20
'5

25
6
19

99
12
87
25

17
5
12
g

61
19
42
30

5
2
3

35
35
-

23

12
12

21
21

21
21

28
28

34
20
14

56
52
4

63
62
1

189
175
14

207
207
"

81
61
20

90
79
11

59
59
~

209
194
15

271
271

495
490
5

187
172
15

95
70
25

59
• 57
2

238
234
4

30
14
16

26
26

2
2

4
4

20
20

21
21

16
16

32
32

9
9

20
20

34
34

64
64

96
96

63
63

7
2

-

2

l

23
-

8

21
20

4
4

14
14

27
27

45
45

29
29

94
94

25
25

13
13

6
6

18
18

11
11

4
4

-

-

15
15

6
5

-

-

-

-

3 !
- |

8
8

11
11

12
6

4
2

59
19

11
11

13
13

38
36

10
10

23
23

52
50

45
42

16
15

45
7

21
21

32
12

113
109

54
44

11
5

8
-

15

-

" |

-

-

-

-

-

12
12

-

24
24

11
11

37
37

35
34
1

39
39

73
73

34
34

168
164

60
60

“

-

4

209
180
29

103
103

-

135
134
1

62
62

-

104
69
9 35

13
13

5
5

.

3
3

24
24

9
9

53
50

19
19

32
32

_

13
13

7
1

109
109

58
58

66
66

45

112
105

92
91

376
365

465
423

393
363

162
162

29
28

106
106

-

|

!
j

1

_

8
8

_
59
59

1 E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
2 W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $ 2. 80 to $ 2. 90; 8 at $ 2 .9 0 to $ 3; 24 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10.
3 W ork ers w ere d istributed as follow s: 5 at $ 2. 80 to $ 2. 90; 19 at $ 2. 90 to $ 3; 38 at $ 3. 20 to $ 3. 30.
W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 60 at $ 2 . 80 to $3 . 10; 61 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .5 0 ; 7 at $ 3 .5 0 and ov e r.
5 W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 15 at $ 2. 80 to $ 3. 10; 19 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 50; 9 at $ 3. 50 and ov e r.
8 E stim ates are not com parable with those in e a rlie r studies due to d ifferen ces
in the method of cla ssify in g certa in occupational groups.
7 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 5 at $ 2.80 to $ 2. 90; 18 at $ 2. 90 to $ 3.
8 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 6 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 36 at $3 to $3. 10.
9 W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $ 2.80 to $ 2. 90; 17 at $ 2. 90 to $ 3;16 at $3. 10 to $ 3.2 0 .
* T ran sportation (excluding r a ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities.

4

15

42
26

2
2

2
-

_

36
32

44

-

-

-

8 42
36

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C it y , N. J. , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 1 954)
NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STR AIGH T-TIM E HOURLY E A RN IN G S OF—
Number
of
workers

O ccupation and industry division

$

earnings

Under 1.00 1.05
and
$
1. 00 under
1.05 1. 10

Guards
_
M anufacturing
Nonmanufacturing ____________________
Finan ce** _

1. 160
943
217
53

$
1.74
1.76
1.68
1.49

-

Jan itors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers
(m en)
........ ... ...
M anufacturing _ _
_
_ _ ... _
N onm anufacturing____________________
Pu blic utilities*
_ _
.
W holesale trade . .. ...
Retail trade 3
......... .
F in a n ce * * __________________________

4 .790
3,056
1,734
467
94
267
540

1.53
1.58
1.43
1.61
1.48
1.26
1.37

149
19
130
7
_
39
16

75
44
31
_
_
11
1

Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs
(wom en) _ _ .
_ _ ... .. . . . . . . .
M anufacturing
.. .
. ...
Nonmanufactur ing
Retail trade 3
Finance**

1.385
387
998
81
737

1.25
1.41
1. 18
1.08
1. 16

101
101
20
78

L a b o r e rs , m aterial handling ___________
M anufacturing
_
Nonmanufacturing
__
.
P ublic u t ilit ie s * ___________________
W holesale trade _
Retail tr a d e 3

9. 114
5,907
3,207
1,413
1,095
599

1.80
1.79
1.83
1.92
1.85
1.59

O rder fille r s
.
. ...........
M anufacturing .... ...
Nonmanufacturing . . . . . .
W holesale trade __________________

2. 025
807
1,218
646

P a ck e rs , shipping (m en) ._
M anufacturing _ _ __

-

-

-

-

-

$

$

1.15

1.20

$

1.15

1.10

5
3
2

1.20

1.25

3
-

$

$

1.25

1.30

1.35

1.30

24
9
15
2

15
15

$

1.35

1.40

15

$

$

1.40

1.45

1.50

1.45

1.50

1.55

$

1.55
1.60

91
89
2
1

56
47
9
1

96
88
8

"

177
147
30
7

282
134
148
9
4
29
81

338
224
114
4
17
32
34

248
128
120
27
_
50
38

158
63
95
6
_
2
67

382
155
227
57
20
6
119

704
653
51
6
14
_
22

477
376
101
92
_
3
3

185
119
66
6
1
5
9

324
277
47
46
1
_

384
271
113
113
_
_

-

92
33
59

62
11
51

61
60
1

37
32
5

61
50
11

69
69

19
19

12
7
5

1

1
638
611
27
2
4
11

434
404
30
1
_
9

14
8
15

209
75
134
20
7
28
60

57
22
35
19
4

26
8
18
2
16

42
15
27
6
11

198
8
190
18
168

494
26
468

35
16
19

446

12

121
121

54
16
38

55
49
6

46
41
5

37
26
11

100
85
15

109
81
28

96
89
7

107
70
37

376
337

39

354
344
10

264
161
103

_
4 117

_
28

1
5

2
3

7
4

13
2

22
3

_
7

28
1

9
30

9
1

93
4

1.83
1.76
1.88
1.83

7
7
"

10
9
1
~

14
14
12

13
9
4
-

12
9
3
-

15
12
3
-

9
6
3
1

14
9
5
3

36
24
12
9

7
2
5
3

12
4
8
7

70
27
43
39

35
22
13

1.552
1,327

1.68
1.71

27
22

3
3

14
10

31
27

16

-

14

78
74

59
43

14
13

170
42

91
91

110
105

P a ck e rs , shipping (wom en) _____________
M an u factu rin g...................

442
304

1.31
1.31

83
5 81

8
8

9
4

22
18

-

4
-

23
21

118
17

53
36

4
4

7
7

R eceiving c le r k s
_ __
Manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
Retail trade 3 .

551
426
125
78

1.85
1.88
1.75
1.65

_

5
5
2

3
3
3

_
-

_

2
_
2
2

2
1
1
-

34
26
8
8

10
10

456
397

1.89
1.86

10
10

Shipping cle rk s
Manufacturing

.... _

-

-

-

See fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a il r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
** F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .




1.80

33
10
23
12

104
62
42

1
1
1

1.75

68
60
8
6

94
33
61
11
_
5
33

.

1.70

32
26
6
6

133
58
75
_
4
20
26

______

1.65

15
4
11
1

-•

50
17
33
_
_
21
9

.

$
S
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
S
$
1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 2.00 2. 10 2 .2 0 2.3 0 2 .4 0

15
12

~

. _
_

1.60

37
36
1
1

3
3

5

$

-

1.85

1.90

130
94
36

2 .0 0

94
72
22

128
125
3

2. 10 2 .2 0

26
26

2.3 0

73
51
22

-

42
41
1
1

-

2 .4 0

2 .5 0
and

over

2 .5 0

.
-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

70
67
3
3
_
_

2
1
1
1
_
_

158
147
11
3
_
8

111
41
70
_
10
_

46
46
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_

-

107
46
61
51
2
_
7

2
2

13
7
6

4
2
2

_
.

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

690
581
109
93
14

150
114
36
2
8
20

975
509
466
409

992
867
125
_
76
44

1124
131
993
752
80
155

567
299
268

54
45
9
_
9
-

672
672
_
_
_

33
24
9
_

9
-

411
53
358
1
333
24

208
208
_
_
_

45

447
90
357
1
282
72

-

-

-

85
7
78
77

135
100
35
26

154
100
54
54

181
175
6
"

65
62
3
3

240
16
224
208

326
76
250
18

383
100
283
9

147
24
123
123

37
1
36
36

5
4
1
1

6
2
4
4

7
7
_

26
26

108
97

148
147

101
101

78
74

45
45

122
122

114
74

59
59

39
39

32
32

36
36

6
6

25
25

30
30

9
9

22
19

-

9
9

24
24

1
1

-

-

16
16

-

-

-

-

-

7
3
4
"

21
20
1
1

16
8
8
8

11
11

50
49
1
-

26
23
3
3

23
14
9
9

74
66
8
6

95
80
15
12

31
27
4
-

24
12
12
-

6
6
_

-

58
36
22
9

11
11
_

-

25
10
15
14

-

16
13
3
-

12
12

14
14

32
32

3
3

21
19

26
24

40
22

31
27

8
8

46
46

50
49

52
52

24
22

12
12

20

2
2

41
26

16

-

12
12

-

13

-

8

245

-

5

9

-

O ccupational Wage Survey, N e w a r k -J e r s e y City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a tis t ic s

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued
(A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
in N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , N . J. , b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , D e c e m b e r 195 4)
NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN ING S OF—

T ru ck d riv e rs , heavy (over 4 tons,
tr a ile r type) _ . . . . .
M anufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
Public, u tilities*
W holesale trade

_ _

T ru c k e r s , pow er (other than f o r k lif t ) ----M anufacturing
W atchm en ....
M anufacturing .... _
Nonm anufacturing
Finan ce**

2.43
6 2 .83
2 .0 2

606

1.96

67

2 .0 1

2.2 0 3
587

8 2 .6 1

"

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

-

_

-

_

_

_

1, 114
’ 226

858
218
640
431

2 .2 3
2.2 3
2.23
2.32

_

_

_

1.556
1,203
353

1.91
1.89
1.97

-

-

-

-

-

128
87
41

5
5

389

1 .8 6

266

1.75

1. 300

1.43
1.46
1.36
1.38

928

372
73

3
3
-

-

-

14
5
9
9

_
-

_
-

-

-

_

_

_
_

_

1
1

1.35

1.40

"

9
9
9

_
_

4
4

4
-

1.45

6

$
$
$
$
1.50 1.55 1.60 *1.65 1.70

%
1.75

$
$
$
1.80 $1.85 1.90 2 . 0 0

1.50

1.55

1.65

1.80

1.85

11

1-------

T

4
-

8

20
20

12
12

_

_

-

24
15
9
9

38
38
_

1.60

1.70

_

_

_

_

_

_

20

12

3

7
3

53
5
48
28
18

13
9
4
4
-

_

200

-

"

_

_

3
3

3
3

3
3

34
13
21

15

7

27
20

92
58
34
6

1

_

_

*




35
23

3

12
8

48
28

277

20

255

155
83
72
72
-

103
51
52
45
-

189
65
124
124
-

533
49
484
70
22

4
24

12
6
6

1
1

_

38
28
10

164
146
18

78
38
40

10

18

40

183
155
28
28

27
27

65
7
58

27
27

13

22

10

25

l

77

7

_

18

3

2

3

24

72
54

6

_

16
16

_

_

7
7

2
2

4
4

2
2

34
34

4
4

40
40

29
29

115
115

149
113
36

143
143

-

4

~

2
2

4

- 1

4

23
23

24
24

7
7

11
11

4
4

65
65

14
14

35

97
79
18

94
27
67

8

92
9

4

51
36
15

129
123
6

1

85
62
23
13

101

2

23
_
23
18

11

12

24

52
38
14

2

5

4

100

69
31
19

4

i

E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except w here otherw ise indicated.
E xcludes lim it e d -p r ic e v ariety s t o r e s .
W ork ers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s:
15 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 14 at $0 .8 0 to $ 0 .8 5 ; 23 at $ 0 .8 5 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 14 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 ; 51 at $ 0 .9 5 to $1.
6
W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s:
30 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 14 at $ 0 .8 5 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 33 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 ; 4 at $ 0 .9 5 to $ 1 .
Half the w ork ers in m anufacturing (and a fourth o f the w ork ers in the area) w ere paid under bonus plans.
8
W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s:
51 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 331 at $3.4 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 252 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 4 ; 16 at $4 and o v e r.
A lm ost a third o f the w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere paid under bonus plans.
W orkers w ere distribu ted as fo llo w s : 112 at $ 2 .5 0 to $3; 16 at $3 to $4; 48 at $ 4 to $ 4 .5 0 ; 16 at $ 4 .5 0 and o v e r.
A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 2 .5 0 to $2.60..
* Tran sportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities.
** F inan ce, in surance, and re a l estate.
2

_

10
9

______

3

61
61
1

10

56

2.30

10

10
9

44

$2 . 2 0

58
48

10

_

12

10
2 .2 0

19
9

_

48
36

. 10

29

_

\

2

4
-

—FT

_

5

2 .0 0

65

11

_

12

2

.

53
42

_

43

55

_

7
13

1 .9 0

_

4
-;

_

1.75

33
39
— 27“ — a
6
15
9
3
-

10
1

2.46
2 .40
2.40
2.42

1 ,6 1 6

T r u ck d riv ers , heavy (over 4 tons,
other than tr a ile r t y p e ) ________________
Manufactur ing
N onm anufacturing
W holesale trade
T ru ck e rs , pow er (fork lift)
M anufacturing _
Nonmanufartur ing

2 .5 3 4
1,291
1,243

212

-

1.30

%
1.45

0

T ru ck d river s, m edium ( 1 V2 to and
including 4 tons) _______________________
M anufacturing . ......... .
N onm anufacturing
W holesale trade.
R etail trade 3

-

69

$
1.81
1.78
1.84
1.69

484
272

$
$
$
$
1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40

0

Shipping and receivin g c l e r k s ___________
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing ____________________
W holesale trade __ ...
____ ...

$
$
$
$
$
Average
Under 1 .0 0 1.05 1 .1 0 1. 15 1 . 2 0
earnings $
and
1 .0 0 under
■1.-05 1 . 10 1.15 1 .2 0 1.25

W
SINI

Number
of
workers

O ccupation and industry division

123

41

5

128

7

5

12
116

34
27
157
17
140

37 3
336
37

175

4

20
20

70
70

119
12

17
7
10

24
24
_

29
18

71
70

11

1

116
7

8

100
75

16
16

5
_
5
2

243
131
112

7
_
7
-

$2.40 ^ .5 0
and
2.50 over

_

1
1

1
1

“

1

91
91
_

4
3

-

-

220

76
144
140
4

-

1

1
1

_
_

_
_

_
_

1
1

689
7650
39
39

1345
336
91 ’ 192
1254 10 144
10

144

36 1 °288
36

288
288

90
90

1
1

-

_
_

_
_

10




B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions'
P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plan t w o r k e r s —
(a)
In e sta b lis h m e n ts having
f o r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r —

S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l

S e c o n d s h ift
w ork

T o ta l __________________________________________________________

9 1 .9

T h ird o r o th e r
s h ift w o rk

(b)
A c t u a lly w o r k in g on—

S e co n d s h ift

T h ir d o r o th e r
sh ift

8 2 .0

12. 7

3 .9

9 1 .9

82. 0

12. 7

3 .9

43. 2

40. 8

6 .6

3. 2

1. 0

.2
1. 4
. 5

2. 8

.9
. 5

_
2. 5
.9
1. 2
. 1
1. 0
14. 4
.9
8. 0
1. 3
1. 8
8 .4
. 5

. 1
A

_
. 2
. 1
. 1
. 8
. 1
. 8
. 1
. 2
.8
"

___

46. 1

38. 5

5. 5

. 5

__________
2 p e r c e n t ____________________________________
5 p e r c e n t ___________________________________________ ____
7, 7 1/ 2 p e r c e n t __ ____________________________________
9 percent
__ ______________________________________
10 p e r c e n t ________________________________________________
O v e r 10 p e r c e n t ____________________________________ ___

. 3
3. 8
3. 8
37. 8
.4

. 3
. 5
5 .9
. 5
2 7 .9
3. 4

A
. 5
. 5
4. 5
A

A
A
. 5
A

2. 6

. 6

. 2

W ith s h ift pay d iffe r e n t ia l _________________
U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r hou r)

......

______________
...

.... .... __

4 c e n ts
._ . _
_
.
_ .. .
5 c e n ts ____________________________________________________
6 , 6 V 2 c e n ts ___________________________________ ________
_____ __
7 c e n ts ________________________________________
8 c e n ts
__________________________________________________
9 c e n ts
. . . . . . .
10 c e n ts ________________________________________
________
1 1 , 1 1 1/ 2 c e n t s _____________________________ ____________
1 2 , I 2 V 2 c e n ts ___________________________________________
............. .....
13 c e n ts
__ _ .... .
14 c e n ts
15 c e n ts ___________________________________________________
O v e r 15 c e n ts
_ _ ...... _

U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ____________

O th er ___________

_______________

___________________________________

___

______

11.
4.
4.
.
1.
16.
1.
.

7
1
5
4
8

3
3
7

-

2 .6

1 .0

. 3
. 3
A
-

N o s h ift pay d i f f e r e n t i a l _______________________________________

1
S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l data a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o lic y , and (b) w o r k e r s a c t u a lly e m p lo y e d on la te
s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d a s having a p o l ic y if it m et e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d i ­
t io n s : ( l ) O p e ra te d la te s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ift s .
A L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t .

O cc u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , N e w a r k - J e r s e y C it y , N . J. , D e c e m b e r 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s

T a b le B-2: M i n i m u m E n t r a n c e R a t e s f o r W o m e n O f f i c e W o r k e r s

Num ber o f establishm ents with sp ecified m inim um hiring rate in—

Number o f establishm ents with s p e cifie d m inim um hiring rate in—

B ased on standard w eekly hours 2 of—

A ll
industries
A ll
schedules

E stablishm ents s t u d ie d _____ ___

263

Manufacturing

Nonm anufacturing

Manufac tur ing
M inim um rate
(w eekly salary)

141

35

3 7 ‘ /*

XXX

XX X

A ll
schedules

40

XXX

122

35

XXX

XXX

A ll
schedules

40

XXX

263

1 59
5
3
13
12
48
22
26
8
9
6
3
2
1
1

94

E stablishm ents having no
sp e c ifie d m inim um __________

41

23

Establishm ents which did
not em ploy w ork ers in
this ca te g o r y _________________

61

Inform ation not available _____

2

1
2

16

58

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
1
6
3
2

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1
4
14
6
14
4
6
5
1
2
1

"

-

1

XXX

XXX

XXX

18

23

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

XXX

XXX

XXX

7
6
29
12
19
5
7
5
1
2
1

6

1
2
2

-

-

-

65
5
3
6
6
19
10
7
3
2
1
2

141

35

37

XXX

V*

XXX

A ll
schedules

40

XXX

122

35

37

XXX

llz

40

XXX

XXX

17
1
1
5
3
4

32
2
1
1
5
10
5
3
1
2
1

FOR OTHICR INEX PERIENC ED CLEJRICAL WOlRKERS

FOR INE XPERIENCED T"iTPISTS
E stablishm ents having
s p ecified m inim um ________ _
$ 3 0 . 0 0 and under $ 3 2 . 50 ___
$ 3 2 . 50 and under $ 3 5 . 0 0 ___
$ 3 5 . 0 0 and under $ 3 7 . 50 ___
$ 3 7 . 5 0 and under $ 4 0 . 0 0 ___
$ 4 0 . 0 0 and under $ 4 2 . 5 0 ___
$ 4 2 . 5 0 and under $ 4 5 . 0 0 ___
$ 4 5 . 0 0 and under $ 4 7 . 50 ___
$ 4 7 . 50 and under $ 5 0 . 0 0 ___
$ 5 0 . 0 0 and under $ 5 2 . 50 ___
$ 5 2 . 5 0 and under $ 5 5 . 0 0 ___
$ 5 5 . 0 0 and under $ 5 7 . 5 0 ____
$ 5 7 . 5 0 and under $ 6 0 . 00 ___
$ 6 0 . 0 0 and under $ 6 2 . 50 ___
$62. 50 and ov er ____________

Nonm anufacturing

B a sed on standard w eekly hours 2 of—

A ll
industries
37V .

i

4
3
1

15
1
1
3
2
2
2
2

-

-

-

1
1

32
1
1
1
3
12
5
3
2
2

91

6

14

59

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

4

5
4

68
7
3
8
9
22
8
6
1
2
1

10

-

-

"

1

1 59
7
3
i7
13
53
22
19
4
8
7
2
1
1
2

XXX

XXX

XXX

45

24

XXX

XXX

XXX

21

38

XXX

XXX

XXX

57

25

XXX

XXX

XXX

32

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

XXX

XXX

XXX

2

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

XXX

XXX

XXX

9
-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

9
4
31
14
13
3
6
6
2
1
1
1

1

1

1

-

-

-

-

3
2
18
8
10
3
4
6
2
1
1
1

1

-

-

-

1
1

5
3

-

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

~
XXX

XXX

XXX

-

-

-

-

1

L ow est sa la ry rate fo rm a lly established fo r hiring inexperienced w ork ers fo r typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s .
H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la r ie s .
Data are presented fo r all w orkweeks com bined, and fo r the m ost com m on w orkw eeks reported.




O ccupational Wage Survey, N ew a rk -J ersey C ity, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954
U. S. D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR
B ureau of L abor Statistics

12

T a b le B-3: F r e q u e n c y of W a g e Pa ym ent
PERCEN T OF OFFICE W ORKERS E M PLOYED IN —

F requ ency o f payment

All
industries 1

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

A ll w o r k e r s _____________________________________

100

100

100

W e e k ly __________________________________________
B iw e e k ly ________________________________________
S em im onthly____________________________________

63
23
15

74
5

60

21

36
4

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 2

100

100

56
24

100
-

20

PE R C EN T OF PL AN T W O RK ER S E M PLOY ED IN —

Finance * *

Servicea

100

I

industries34

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100

100

100

100

100

41
49

9A8

99
A

100

A

87
9
5

100

10

-

2

Services

_

1 Includes data fo r

s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately.
Excludes lim ite d -p ric e variety s to re s.
Includes data fo r real estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately.
A L ess than 2 .5 p ercen t.
* Tran sportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** F inan ce, insurance, and real estate.
2
3

Table B-4: Scheduled Weekly Hours
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERSi E
W e e k ly h o u r s

All
2
industries

Manufacturing

--------------------------------------

100

100

U n d e r 3 5 h o u r s ________________________________________
35 h o u r s _________________________________________________
3 6 % h o u r s ______________________________________________
O v e r 3 6 % a n d u n d e r 3 7 % h o u r s --------------------------37 V 2 h o u r s ______________________________________________
O v e r 37 % a n d u n d e r 3 8 % h o u r s _________________
3 8 % h o u r s _____________________________________________
O v e r 38 % a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s ____________________
4 0 h o u r s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 5 h o u r s ________________________
4 5 h o u r s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 5 h o u r s __________________________________________

A
15
3
4
29
3
7
A
38

A
4
3
5
15
A
16

A l l w o r k e r s ----

---------------------

A

A

A

54
-

m p l o y e d in —

PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

1 00

100

100

100

74
-

4
5
16
A

8
27
A
63

17
3
7
63
6
A

85

A

-

A
A

Public
utilities *

A
-

-

-

-

74
-

26

-

Finance * *

Services

All
4
industries

Wholesale

Retail trade3

100

100

100

1 00

A
2
A
4
A

A
A
5
-

-

A

-

-

3
2

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

100
-

96

76
4
14

86
A

4
_______________

Public
utilities *

100

-

3

Manufacturing

3

-

Services

A

‘

Data relate to women w ork ers only.
Occupational Wage Survey, N e w a rk -J e rs ey City, N. J. , D ecem b er 1954
Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately.
U .S . D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR
E xcludes lim ite d -p ric e variety sto re s.
B ureau of L a bor Statistics
Includes data fo r real estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately.
A L ess than 2 .5 percen t.
* Tran sportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
1
2
3
4

**




13

T ab le B-5: Paid H o l i d a y P r o v i s i o n s

1

PE R C EN T OF OFFICE W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN—
Item

All
,
industries £

A l l w o r k e r s _____________________________________________________

100

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

PE R C EN T OF PLAN T W O RK ERS E M PLOYED IN —

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade3

100

100

98

100

100

100

100

100

100

100
21
21

Finance * *

Services

All
4
industries

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade 3

100

100

100

100

100

100

100
A
20

95
-

95
4

25
16

72

Services

N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s
W o r k e r s in e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v i d in g p a id
h o l i d a y s ________________________________________________________
L e s s t h a n 6 d a y s ________________________________________

99
A
27

A
13
45

13

25

A
4
35

A
A
A

A

S a t u r d a y ________________________________________________________
A n o t h e r d a y o f f w i t h p a y _____________________________
E x t r a d a y 1 s p a y __________________________________________
O p t io n o f a n o t h e r d a y o f f o r e x t r a
d a y 1 s p a y _________________________________________________
P r o v i s i o n s d i f f e r f o r v a r i o u s h o l i d a y s ________

59
29

O t h e r p r o v i s i o n s ________________________________________
S a tu rd a y is a s c h e d u le d w o r k d a y f o r a ll
w o r k e r s ________________________________________________ _______

A

6 d a y s ________________________________________________________
7 d a y s _________________________________ ______________________
8 d a y s ________________________________________________________

9 d a y s ________________________________________________________
d a y s ______________________________________________________
d a y s ______________________________________________________

10
11
12 d a y s

______________________________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v i d in g n o p a id
h o l i d a y s . . ................
_
..........

8

A
4
49
-

A
9
14

A
15
46
3

-

6
-

99
A

22
38

7

15

38

19

27
-

93

19
9
3
4
3

-

-

-

A

-

A

64
44

51
-

45

26

69
33

58
15

83
23

15

3

13

36

A

4

48

A

-

-

-

3
3

A

-

-

40

36

49

98
97

97

A

A

99
96
-

A
A
A

A
A

11

11

5
-

A
-

A
24
38
24

3
-

8

26

3

-

A
15

11
A
3
-

22

10
20

28

9

3
-

-

-

5

5

52

87
27
55

70
4
38

-

5

4

37
4

A
A

A
A

5
4
16

-

-

29
-

-

-

-

A

A

-

-

9

55

29

42

15

13

30

9

19

98

98
98
-

97

98

100

95
74
-

91

-

-

-

A
A

P r o v is io n s f o r h o lid a y s o c c u r r in g
on n on w ork d a y s 5
W ith p r o v i s i o n s

fo r h o lid a y s fa llin g on

N o p r o v is io n s (o r n o p a y ) fo r h o lid a y s
f a l l i n g o n S a t u r d a y ________________________________________
W ith p r o v i s i o n s f o r h o lid a y s f a ll in g o n
S u n d a y ___________________________________________________________
A n o t h e r d a y o f f w i t h p a y _____________________________
E x t r a d a y ' s p a y _______________________________ ___________
O p tio n o f a n o t h e r d a y o ff o r e x t r a
d a y ' s p a y _________________________________________________
P r o v i s i o n s d i f f e r f o r v a r i o u s h o l i d a y s ________
O t h e r p r o v i s i o n s ________________________________________
N o p r o v is io n s (o r n o p a y ) fo r h o lid a y s
f a l l i n g o n S u n d a y __________________________________________
W ith p r o v i s i o n s f o r h o lid a y s fa llin g
d u r i n g v a c a t i o n _____________________________________________
A n o t h e r d a y o f f w i t h p a y _____________________________
E x t r a d a y ' s p a y ___________________________________________
O p tio n o f a n o t h e r d a y o f f o r e x t r a
d a y ' s p a y _________________________________________________
P r o v i s i o n s d i f f e r f o r v a r i o u s h o l i d a y s ________
O th er p r o v is io n s
....
_
... . . _ .
N o p r o v is io n s (o r n o p a y ) fo r h o lid a y s
fa llin g d u r in g v a c a t io n
.
. .. .
I n f o r m a t i o n n o t a v a i l a b l e . . . ___ . . .

_

_

10
7

11

96

100
98
-

95

86
8

91
5

40

A

3

-

-

-

-

-

A
A
-

A

-

-

A
A
A

A

3

A

-

A

A

A

A

93

90

A

79
52
5

98

70

98
94

84

79

56
4

96
-

90
38
38

92
36
45

6

12

51

-

6

A

-

30
31

22

97

66
22

91
48

6
20

7

9

A

14

24

A

13

12

A

A

3

-

-

9
-

-

-

4

-

-

A

A

A

-

-

4
15

10

A

21

A

8
A

8

3

4

7
A

“

~

"

6
8

~

67
14
50

3

86
A

3
4

A

1 E stim ates include only fu ll-d a y holidays provided annually.
2 Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 E x clu des lim it e d -p r ic e variety s to re s.

4

A

86

68
8

42

18
-

13
14

'

O ccupational Wage Survey, N ew a rk -J ersey City, N. J. , D ecem ber 1954
U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau of L a bor Statistics

Includes data fo r real estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry division s shown separately.
5 L im ited to p r o v is io n s in establishm ents having a form al policy applying when holidays o c c u r on nonw orkdays; som e of the estim ates would be slightly higher if p r a c tic e s determ ined in form ally as
the situation o c c u r s w ere included.
A L e s s than 2. 5 percen t.
* T ran sp ortation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public utilities.
** F in an ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l estate.




14

Table B-6: Paid Vacations
P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN —

P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN —

V a ca tio n p o lic y
AI1
1
in du stries1

A ll w o r k e r s

M ETHOD

A ft e r

F in a n ce * *

Services

A ll
.
industries

M a n u fa cturin g

P u b lic
u tilities *

2

W h olesale
trade

R e ta il trade

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

99

Moo

100

95

100

99

99

100

100

100

100

93

91

100

95

100

-

-

-

6

8

-

_

-

-

A

A

-

-

-

A

A

-

-

-

-

V A C A T IO N

1 year

A

A fte r 2 y e a r s

10

A
92

A
A

A

A

11

64

34

74

20

32

33

_

-

-

-

5

7

-

-

-

88

99

89

57

100

26

17

59

63

61

_

_

_

8

-

-

14

'

'

A

A
A

A

_

6

6

o f s e r v ic e

A
A

w eek
__________________________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________

3 years

5

o f s e r v ic e

1

96

A
A

A

4

A

32

24

32

-

-

-

99

96

91

100

43

34

59

84

88

_

_

-

8

-

-

14

-

6

4

A

_

_

_

A

A
A

A

20

7

29

-

94

12

6

o f s e r v ic e

1w e e k

A
A

__________________________________________
1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ____________

2w eeks

_______________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____________
3 w e e k s _______________________________________

97

A
A

3

A

15

19

-

22

28

_

_

_

100

96

91

100

59

51

80

95

93

_

-

_

8

-

-

14

-

6

A

_

4

A

96

_

_

A

A
A

A

6

'

'
A ft e r
U nder 2 w eek s

5 years

o f s e r v ic e

A

______________________________

2

w e e k s ________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________
3 w e e k s ________________________________________

See

A
93

79

A

15

3

93

67

45

84

86

80

_

_

22

43

6

4

14

7

11

12

7

6

6

4

6

O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u r v e y ,
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

N OTE:

an d o th e r

A

4
100

fo o tn o te s at e n d o f ta b le .

*
T r a n s p o r ta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) ,
* * F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s ta te .




Services

PAY

7

O ver

R e ta il trade 2 3

100

O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________ _______________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________________

A ft e r

W h olesale
trade

100

F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t _____________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g n o
p a i d v a c a t i o n s _______________________________ _______

OF

P u b lic
utilities *

OF PAYM EN T

W o r k e r s in e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v i d in g p a id
v a c a t i o n s _____________________________________________
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ____________________
P e rce n ta g e
p a y m e n t __________________________

AM OUNT

M an u fa cturin g

p u b lic u t ilit ie s

In th e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n a l l o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t i m e " ,
s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s o r f la t - s u m p a y m e n t s , w e r e c o n v e r t e d to an e q u iv a le n t t im e
b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y .

72

72

_

16

23

12

N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity ,
U .S .

N.

J. ,

D ecem ber

1954

D EPA R TM E N T OF LABO R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis t ic s

Table B-6: Paid Vacations - Continued1
4
3
2
PERCE. V a c a tio n

A ll w o r k e r s

AM OUNT

p o lic y

____________________________

OF

V A C A T IO N

A ft e r

10 y e a r s

PA Y

__________

_______

3 w e e k s ________________________________________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------

A ft e r

15 y e a r s

______________________________

2

20 y e a r s

100

100

A
64

A
79
4

91
-

17
-

9
-

16
20
A
A

A

16
4
78
A
A

A
15
-

3 w e e k s ________________________________________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____________________________
4 w e e k s ________________________________________________________

67

2

A fte r
2 w eeks

2

25 y e a r s

3 and u n der 4 w eek s

4 w eeks

1
2
3
4

_____________________ ________
________________________________________________________

I n c lu d e s

d ata fo r

100

100

A
69

A
70

61

19
A

17
-

15
24
-

"

■

"

_

100

_

~

_

86
-

12
2

_
67
25

8

-

26
46
27
-

A
13
-

_

_

-

27
-

47
-

87
-

92
-

71
-

45
-

-

■

A

A

_

_

_

_

-

-

27
-

47
-

13
-

84
-

90
-

71
-

4

A

A

.

8

10

8

17

A
23

15
65

A
72

4

A
A

"

A
18

12

8

22
-

36
-

31

51

s e r v ic e s

A
13
-

47
-

7
-

59
A
28

_

A

_

12

8

22

-

-

-

74
-

90
-

58
-

A

20

14

in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d iv is i o n s

_
10
43

32
-

61

sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly .

E x c lu d e s lim it e d -p r ic e v a r ie t y s t o r e s .
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
A p p r o x i m a t e l y o n e p e r c e n t w e r e in e s t a b li s h m e n t s th a t d id n o t p r o v i d e v a c a t io n s u n til a f t e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .
A L e s s th a n 2. 5 p e r c e n t .
*
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , a n d o th e r p u b lic u t ili t ie s .
* * F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s ta te .




Services

Public
utilities *

100

Wholesale
trade

100

Retail trade *

100

12

_

_
64
32
-

A

68
_
26

6
■

A

_

19
A
78
-

A
14
84
-

A

_

22

A

62

-

-

72
-

31
-

A

6

_

.

A

A
17

A
70

A
76
-

84
-

72
-

4

-

A

21
A

6

A
14

22
-

A
49
-

26
24

o f s e r v ic e

______________________________________________

w e e k s _______________________
______________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________________________
3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O ver

100

Manufacturing

F in a n ce**

o f s e r v ic e

U n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________
w e e k s ________________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____________________________

U nder

100

Retail trade2

P E R C EN T OF PLAN T W O RK ER S E M PLOY ED IN —
All
,
industries'1

o f s e r v ic e

U nder 2 w eek s
____________________________________________
w e e k s ________________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------3 w e e k s __________ ____________________________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____________________________
4 w e e k s ________________________________________________________

A ft e r

100

Whcrtesale

o f s e r v ic e

2

_______________________

Manufacturing

Public
utilities *

- C o n tin u e d

U nder 2 w eek s
____________________________________________
w e e k s ________________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------

4 w eeks

OF OFFICE W ORKERS E M PLOYED IN—

All
.
industries

A

A
17

A
61

A

66

A
15

15

20

-

_
A
14
84
-

_
17
-

66
-

12

A
49
17
34

16

A P P E N D IX :

JO B

D E S C R IP T IO N S

The p r im a r y p u rp o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip tio n s fo r the B u r e a u s w age s u r v e y s is to
a s s is t its fie ld s ta ff in c la s s ify in g into a p p ro p ria te o ccu p a tion s w o r k e r s who a r e e m p lo y e d under
a v a r ie ty o f p a y r o ll title s and d iffe r e n t w o rk a rra n g em en ts fr o m e sta b lish m en t to e s ta b lis h m e n t
and fr o m a r e a to a r e a .
T h is is e s s e n t ia l in o r d e r to p erm it the grou pin g o f o c cu p a tio n a l w age
ra te s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a r a b le jo b con ten t.
B e c a u s e o f this em p h a sis on in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t and
in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f o ccu p a tio n a l con ten t, the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip tio n s m a y d iffe r s i g n ifi­
ca n tly fr o m th ose in use in in dividu al e sta b lis h m e n ts o r those p r e p a r e d fo r oth er p u r p o s e s .
In
applying th ese jo b d e s c r ip t io n s , the B u r e a u 's fie ld r e p re s e n ta tiv e s a re in stru cte d to e x clu d e w o r k ­
ing s u p e r v is o r s , a p p r e n tic e s , le a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , tr a in e e s , h andicapped w o r k e r s , p a r t -t im e ,
te m p o r a r y , and p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s .

Of f i c e

B IL L E R ,

M ACHINE

P r e p a r e s sta tem en ts, b i lls , and in v o ic e s on a m a ch in e oth er
than an o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a t ic ty p e w r ite r . M ay a ls o keep r e c o r d s
as to b illin g s o r shipping c h a rg e s o r p e r fo r m o th e r c l e r i c a l w ork in ­
cid e n ta l to b illin g o p e r a tio n s .
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s ,
m a ch in e , a r e c la s s ifie d b y type o f m a ch in e , as fo llo w s :
B i lle r , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ) - U ses a s p e c ia l b illin g
m a ch in e (M oon H opk in s, E llio tt F is h e r , B u r r o u g h s , e tc . , w h ich
a re co m b in a tio n typing and adding m a ch in e s) to p r e p a r e b ills and
in v o ic e s fr o m c u s t o m e r s 1 p u rc h a s e o r d e r s , in te r n a lly p r e p a r e d
o r d e r s , shipping m e m o ra n d a , e tc .
U su a lly in v o lv e s a p p lica tion
o f p r e d e te r m in e d d is co u n ts and sh ipping c h a r g e s and en try of
n e c e s s a r y e x te n s io n s , w h ich m a y o r m a y n ot be com p u ted on the
b illin g m a ch in e, and tota ls w h ich a re a u to m a tica lly a ccu m u la ted
by m a ch in e.
The o p e r a tio n u su a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m ber o f
c a r b o n c o p ie s o f the b ill b e in g p r e p a r e d and is often done on a
fa n fo ld m a ch in e.
B i l l e r , m a ch in e (b ook k eep in g m a ch in e ) - U ses a b ook k eep in g
m a ch in e (Sundstrand, E llio tt F is h e r , R em in g ton R and, e tc . , w hich
m a y o r m a y not have ty p e w rite r k ey b oa rd ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s '
b ills as part o f the a cco u n ts r e c e iv a b le o p e r a tio n .
G e n e ra lly
in v o lv e s the sim u lta n eou s e n try o f fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r
record .
The m a ch in e a u to m a tica lly a c c u m u la te s fig u r e s on a
n u m b er o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s and c om p u tes and u su ally p rin ts a u to­
m a tic a lly the debit o r c r e d it b a la n c e s . D o e s not in v o lv e a k n o w l­
edge o f b ook k eep in g . W ork s f r o m u n ifo r m and stan dard ty p es o f
s a le s and c r e d it s lip s .
B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R
O p era tes a b ook k eep in g m a ch in e (R em in g ton R and, E llio tt
F is h e r , Su n dstrand, B u r r o u g h s , N a tion al C a sh R e g is t e r , w ith o r w ith ­
out a ty p e w rite r k ey b oa rd ) to keep a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s tr a n s a c tio n s .




B O O K K E E PIN G -M A C H IN E

O P E R A T O R - C on tin u ed

C la s s A - K eeps a se t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a kn ow led ge o f
and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s and fa m ilia r it y w ith
the stru ctu re o f the p a r t ic u la r a cco u n tin g s y s t e m u sed . D e t e r ­
m ines p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is tr ib u tio n o f d eb it and c r e d it ite m s
to be used in each phase o f the w o rk . M ay p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a te d
r e p o r t s , b a la n ce sh e e ts , and oth er r e c o r d s b y hand.
C la s s B - K eeps a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p h a ses o r s e c tio n s
o f a set o f r e c o r d s u su ally r e q u irin g lit tle k n ow led ge o f b a s ic b o o k ­
keepin g.
P h a ses o r s e c tio n s in clu d e a cco u n ts p a y a b le , p a y r o ll,
c u s t o m e r s 'a c c o u n t s (not in clu d in g a s im p le type o f b illin g d e s c r ib e d
under b i lle r , m a ch in e), c o s t d is tr ib u tio n , e x p e n s e d is tr ib u tio n , in ­
v en tory c o n t r o l, e tc . M ay c h e c k o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a tio n o f t r ia l
b a la n ces and p rep a re c o n t r o l sh eets f o r the a cco u n tin g d ep a rtm en t.
C L E R K , ACCO UNTIN G
C la s s A - Under g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n t­
ant, has r e s p o n s ib ility f o r k eep in g on e o r m o r e s e c tio n s o f a c o m ­
plete set o f b ook s o r r e c o r d s r e la tin g to one ph ase o f .an e s t a b lis h ­
m en t's b u sin e s s tr a n s a c tio n s . W ork in v o lv e s p o s tin g and b a la n cin g
su b sid ia ry le d g e r o r le d g e r s su ch as a cco u n ts r e c e iv a b le o r a c ­
counts pa ya ble; ex am in in g and c o d in g in v o ic e s o r v o u c h e r s w ith
p rop er a ccou n tin g d is tr ib u tio n ; r e q u ir e s ju d g m en t and e x p e r ie n c e
in m aking p r o p e r a s sig n a tio n s and a llo c a t io n s .
M ay a s s is t in
p rep a rin g , ad ju stin g, and c lo s in g jo u r n a l e n tr ie s ; m a y d ir e c t c la s s
B accou n tin g c le r k s .
C la s s B - Under s u p e r v is io n , p e r fo r m s one o r m o r e rou tin e
accoun tin g op era tion s su ch as p o s tin g sim p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s ,
accou n ts payable v o u c h e r s , en terin g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g is t e r s ;
r e c o n c ilin g bank a c c o u n ts ; p ostin g s u b s id ia r y le d g e r s c o n t r o lle d
by g en era l le d g e r s .
T h is jo b d o e s not r e q u ir e a k n ow led ge o f
accoun tin g and b ook k eep in g p r in c ip le s but is fou nd in o ffic e s in
w hich the m o r e routine a ccou n tin g w o r k is su b d iv id ed on a fu n c ­
tional b a s is am ong s e v e r a l w o r k e r s .

17

CLERK,

K E Y -P U N C H

F IL E

C la s s A - R e s p o n s ib le fo r m aintaining an e sta b lis h e d filin g
s y s te m ! C l a s s if ie s and in d e x e s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e o r oth er m a te r ia l;
m a y a ls o file this m a te r ia l.
M ay keep r e c o r d s of v a r io u s types
in co n ju n ctio n w ith file s o r s u p e r v is e oth ers in filin g
d lo c a tin g
m a te r ia l in the f i l e s .
M ay p e r fo r m in cid en tal c le r i c a l d u ties.
C la s s B - P e r f o r m s r ou tin e filin g , u su ally of m a te r ia l that
has a lr e a d y been c la s s if i e d , o r lo c a te s o r a s s is ts in lo c a tin g m a ­
te r ia l in the f i l e s . M ay p e r f o r m in cid en ta l c le r i c a l d u ties.

CLERK,

PAYROLL

C om p u tes w a g es o f co m p a n y e m p lo y e e s and en ters the n e c e s ­
s a r y data on the p a y r o ll s h e e ts .
D uties in v o lv e : C a lcu la tin g w o r k e r s 1
e a rn in g s b a s e d on tim e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; postin g c a lc u la te d data
on p a y r o ll sh e e t, sh ow in g in fo r m a tio n su ch as w o r k e r ^ n am e, w ork in g
d a y s , tim e , r a te , d ed u ction s fo r in s u r a n ce , and total w ages due.
May
m ake out pay c h e c k s and a s s is t p a y m a ste r in m aking up and d i s t r i ­
buting pay e n v e lo p e s .
M ay u se a c a lcu la tin g m a ch in e.
COM PTOM ETER

U nder g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n and w ith no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s i­
b ilit ie s , r e c o r d s a ccou n tin g and s ta tis tic a l data on tabulating c a r d s
by punching a s e r ie s o f h o le s in the c a r d s in a s p e c ifie d seq u en ce,
using an a lp h a b etica l o r a n u m e r ic a l k ey -p u n ch m a ch in e, follow in g
w ritten in fo rm a tio n on r e c o r d s .
M ay d u p licate c a r d s b y using the
du p licatin g d e v ic e attach ed to m a ch in e.
K eeps file s o f punch c a r d s .
M ay v e r ify own w o rk o r w o rk o f o th e r s .
O F F IC E

BOY

OR

G IRL

P e r fo r m s v a r io u s routine du ties su ch as running e r ra n d s ,
op era tin g m in o r o ffic e m a ch in e s su ch as s e a le r s o r m a ile r s , opening
and d istrib u tin g m a il, and oth er m in o r c l e r i c a l w o rk .

ORDER

R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s 1 o r d e r s fo r m a te r ia l o r m e r c h a n d ise b y
m a il, ph one, or p e r s o n a lly .
D u ties in v olv e any com b in a tion o f the
fo llo w in g : Q uoting p r ic e s to c u s t o m e r s ; m aking out an o r d e r sh eet
lis tin g the ite m s to m ake up the o r d e r ; ch eck in g p r ic e s and qu an tities
o f ite m s on o r d e r sh e e t; d is tr ib u tin g o r d e r sh eets to r e s p e c t iv e d e ­
p a rtm en ts to be fille d .
M ay c h e c k w ith c r e d it departm en t to d e t e r ­
m in e c r e d it ratin g o f c u s t o m e r , ack n ow led ge r e c e ip t o f o r d e r s fr o m
c u s t o m e r s , fo llo w up o r d e r s to s e e that they have been fille d , keep
file o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d , and c h e c k shipping in v o ic e s w ith o r ig in a l
ord ers.
CLERK,

OPERATOR

OPERATOR

P r im a r y duty is to o p e r a te a C o m p to m e te r to p e r fo r m m a th e­
m a tic a l co m p u ta tio n s.
T h is jo b is not to be con fu sed w ith that o f
s t a t is t ic a l o r o th e r type o f c le r k , w hich m ay in v olv e frequ en t use of
a C o m p to m e te r bu t, in w h ich , u se o f this m a ch in e is in cid en ta l to
p e r fo r m a n c e o f oth er d u tie s .

SECRETARY
P e r fo r m s s e c r e t a r ia l and c l e r i c a l duties fo r a s u p e r io r in an
a d m in istra tiv e o r e x e cu tiv e p o s itio n .
D uties in clu d e m aking ap p oin t­
m en ts fo r s u p e r io r ; r e c e iv in g p eop le c o m in g into o ffic e ; a n sw erin g
and m aking phone c a lls ; handling p e r s o n a l and im p o rta n t o r c o n fi­
den tial m a il, and w ritin g rou tin e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e on own in itia tiv e;
taking d icta tio n (w h ere tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e is not used) eith er in
shorthand o r b y stenotyp e o r s im ila r m a ch in e , and tr a n s c r ib in g d ic ta ­
tion o r the r e c o r d e d in fo r m a tio n r e p r o d u c e d on a tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e.
M ay p r e p a r e s p e c ia l r e p o r t s o r m em o ra n d a f o r in fo rm a tio n o f s u p e r io r .
STENOGRAPH ER,

GENERAL

P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n fr o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s ,
e ith e r in sh orth an d or b y sten otyp e o r s im ila r m a ch in e , in volvin g a
n o rm a l rou tin e v o c a b u la r y , and to t r a n s c r ib e this d icta tio n on a ty p e ­
w r it e r .
M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten c o p y .
May a ls o se t up and keep
file s in o r d e r , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , e tc .
D oes not include tra n ­
s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w o rk (s e e t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r ).
STENOGRAPH ER,

TE C H N IC A L

P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n fr o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s ,
e ith e r in sh orth an d o r b y sten otyp e o r s im ila r m a ch in e , in v olv in g a
v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch as in le g a l b r ie fs o r
r e p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h and to tr a n s c r ib e this d icta tio n on a
ty p e w r ite r .
M ay a ls o type fr o m w ritten co p y .
M ay a ls o set up and
keep file s in o r d e r , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , e tc .
D oes not in clu de
tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w ork .

D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (M IM E O G RA PH OR D IT T O )
SW ITCH BO AR D
U nder g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n and with no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n ­
s ib ilit ie s , r e p r o d u c e s m u ltip le c o p ie s o f typew ritten o r handw riting
m a tte r , u sin g a m im e o g r a p h o r d itto m a ch in e.
M akes n e c e s s a r y a d ­
ju stm en t su ch as fo r in k and p a p e r fe e d cou n ter and c y lin d e r sp eed .
Is not r e q u ir e d to p r e p a r e s t e n c il o r ditto m a s te r .
May keep file o f
u sed s t e n c ils o r ditto m a s t e r s .
M ay s o r t, c o lla t e , and stap le c o m ­
p leted m a te r ia l.




OPERATOR

O p era tes a s in g le - o r m u lt ip le -p o s itio n teleph on e sw itch b oa rd .
D uties in v o lv e handling in c o m in g , ou tg oin g , and in traplan t o r o ffic e
c a lls .
M ay r e c o r d to ll c a lls and take m e s s a g e s .
M ay g ive in fo r ­
m a tion to p e r s o n s who c a ll in , or o c c a s io n a lly take teleph on e o r d e r s .
F o r w o r k e r s who a lso a ct as r e c e p t io n is t s see sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r r e c e p t io n is t .

18

SW ITCH BO AR D

tion
type
T h is
tim e

TRA N SC RIBIN G -M AC H IN E

O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T

In ad dition to p e r fo r m in g du ties o f o p e r a t o r , on a sin g le p o s i­
o r m o n it o r -t y p e sw itch b o a rd , a cts as r e c e p t io n is t and m a y a ls o
o r p e r fo r m rou tin e c l e r i c a l w o rk as p a rt o f r e g u la r d u tie s .
typin g o r c l e r i c a l w o rk m a y take the m a jo r p a rt o f this w ork er*s
w h ile at sw itch b o a rd .

T A B U L A T IN G - M ACHINE

OPERATOR

O p era tes m a ch in e that a u to m a tica lly a n a ly zes and tra n sla te s
in fo rm a tio n punched in groups o f tabulating c a r d s and p rin ts tr a n s ­
la ted data on fo r m s o r a ccou n tin g r e c o r d s ; sets o r ad ju sts m a ch in e;
does s im p le w irin g o f p lu g b oa rd s a c c o r d in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r a c t ic e
o r d ia g r a m s ; p la c e s c a r d s to be tabu lated in fe e d m a g a zin e and sta rts
m a ch in e.
M ay file c a r d s a fter th ey a re tabu lated.
M ay, in addition,
o p e ra te a u x ilia ry m a ch in e s .

TR A N SC R IB IN G -M A C H IN E

OPERATOR,

T Y PIST
U ses a ty p e w rite r to m a ke c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a te r ia l o r to
m ake out b ills a fter c a lc u la tio n s have b e e n m ade b y an oth er p e r s o n .
M ay do c l e r i c a l w ork in v o lv in g little s p e c ia l tra in in g , su ch as k e e p ­
ing sim ple r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s o r s o r tin g and d i s ­
tribu tin g in co m in g m a il.
C la s s A - P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g :
T ypin g
m a te ria l in fin al fo r m fr o m v e r y rou g h and in v o lv e d d ra ft; c o p y ­
ing fr o m plain o r c o r r e c t e d c o p y in w h ich th ere is a freq u en t
and v a r ie d use o f te c h n ic a l and unusual w o rd s o r fr o m f o r e ig n language c o p y ; co m b in in g m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s , o r
planning layou t o f c o m p lic a te d s t a t is t ic a l ta b le s to m ain tain u ni­
fo r m ity and b a la n ce in sp a cin g ; typin g ta b les fr o m rou g h d ra ft in
final fo r m .
May type routine fo r m le t t e r s , v a ry in g d e ta ils to
suit c ir c u m s t a n c e s .

P r im a r y duty is to t r a n s c r ib e d icta tio n in v olv in g a n o rm a l
rou tin e v o ca b u la r y fr o m tr a n s c r ib in g m a ch in e r e c o r d s .
M ay a ls o
type fr o m w ritten c o p y and do sim p le c l e r i c a l w ork .
W o r k e r s tr a n ­
s c r ib in g d icta tio n in v olv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o ca b u ­
la r y su ch as le g a l b r ie fs o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h a re not

DRAFTSM AN,

JUNIOR

(A s s is ta n t d raftsm a n )
D raw s to s c a le units o r p a rts o f d raw in gs p r e p a r e d by d r a ft s ­
m an o r o th e r s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m an u factu rin g p u r ­
poses.
U ses v a r io u s types o f d ra ftin g to o ls as r e q u ir e d . M ay p r e ­
p a re draw in gs fr o m sim p le plans o r s k e tc h e s , o r p e r fo r m oth er duties
under d ir e c tio n o f a d ra ftsm a n .
DRAFTSM AN,

LEADER

P la n s and d ir e c ts a c tiv it ie s o f one o r m o r e d r a fts m e n in
p r e p a r a tio n o f w ork in g plans and d eta il d raw in gs fr o m rou g h , o r p r e ­
lim in a r y sk e tch e s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m an u factu rin g
p u r p o s e s . D uties in v o lv e a co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : In terp retin g
b lu e p r in ts , s k e tch e s , and w ritten o r v e rb a l o r d e r s ; d e te rm in in g w ork
p r o c e d u r e s ; a ssig n in g du ties to su b ord in a tes and in sp e ctin g th e ir w ork;
p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt p r o b le m s . May a s s is t su b ord in a tes during




G E N E R A L - C on tin u ed

in clu d ed . * A w o rk e r who takes d ic ta tio n in sh orth an d o r b y sten otyp e
o r s im ila r m ach in e is c la s s if i e d as a s te n o g r a p h e r, g e n e r a l.

GENERAL

P r o f e s s ional

OPERATOR,

C la s s B - P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g :
T y pin g
fr o m r e la t iv e ly c le a r o r typed d r a fts ; rou tin e typing o f f o r m s ,
in su ran ce p o lic ie s , e tc ; settin g up s im p le stan d ard ta b u la tion s, o r
copyin g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s a lr e a d y set up and s p a c e d p r o p e r ly .

nd

T e c hni c al

DRAFTSM AN,

L E A D E R - C on tin u ed

e m e r g e n c ie s o r as a r e g u la r a s s ig n m e n t, o r p e r fo r m
o f a s u p e r v is o r y o r a d m in is tra tiv e n a tu re.

r e la te d du ties

D R A F T S M A N , SENIOR
P r e p a r e s w ork in g plans and d e ta il d ra w in g s fr o m n o te s ,
rou gh o r d eta iled sk etch es fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , o r m a n u ­
fa ctu rin g p u rp o s e s .
D uties in v o lv e a co m b in a tio n o l the fo llo w in g :
P r e p a r in g w orkin g pla n s, d eta il d r a w in g s , m a p s , c r o s s - s e c t i o n s , e tc . ,
to sc a le by use o f draftin g in s tru m e n ts ; m akin g e n g in e e r in g c o m p u ta ­
tion s su ch as th ose in v o lv e d in stren g th o f m a t e r ia ls , b e a m s and
tr u s s e s ; v e rify in g c o m p le te d w o rk , c h e c k in g d im e n s io n s , m a te r ia ls
to be used, and qu an tities; w ritin g s p e c ific a t io n s ; m aking a d ju stm en ts
or changes in draw in gs o r s p e c ific a t io n s . M ay ink in lin e s and le t t e r s
on p en cil d ra w in gs, p r e p a r e d eta il units o f c o m p le t e d r a w in g s , o r
tr a c e d ra w in gs.
W ork is fr e q u e n tly in a s p e c ia liz e d fie ld su ch as
a r c h ite ctu r a l, e le c t r ic a l, m e c h a n ic a l, o r stru c tu ra l d ra ftin g .

19

N URSE,

IN D U STR IA L (R E G IS T E R E D )

NURSE,

A r e g is t e r e d n u r s e w ho g iv e s n u rsin g s e r v ic e to ill o r in ju re d
e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w ho b e c o m e ill o r su ffer an a c c id e n t on
the p r e m is e s o f a fa c t o r y o r o th e r esta b lish m en t.
D uties in v o lv e _a
c o m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : G ivin g fir s t aid to the ill o r in ju re d ;
attending to su b seq u en t d r e s sing o f e m p lo y e e s in ju r ie s ; k eepin g r e c o r d s
o f patien ts tr e a te d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o rts fo r c o m p e n sa tio n o r
oth er p u r p o s e s ; con d u ctin g p h y s ic a l exam in a tion s and health ev a lu a tion s
o f a p p lica n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r ry in g out p r o g r a m s
in v o lv in g h ealth ed u ca tio n , a c c id e n t p rev en tion , evalu ation o f plant

Maint e nanc e
CARPENTER,

M A IN TE N A N C E

P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y duties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s tr u c t and
m a in tain in g ood r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o rk and equipm ent su ch as b in s,
c r i b s , c o u n te r s , b e n c h e s , p a r titio n s , d o o r s , flo o r s , s t a ir s , c a s in g s ,
and t r im m ade o f w ood in an esta b lis h m e n t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t of
the fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o rk fr o m b lu e p r in ts , d r a w ­
in g s , m o d e ls, o r v e r b a l in s t r u c t io n s ; using a v a r ie ty o f c a r p e n t e r ’ s
h a n d tools, p o r ta b le p o w e r t o o ls , and standard m ea su rin g in stru m e n ts ;
m akin g sta n d a rd shop co m p u ta tio n s rela tin g to d im en sion s o f w ork ;
s e le c t in g m a te r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w ork .
In g e n e ra l, the w o rk o f
the m a in ten a n ce c a r p e n t e r r e q u ir e s roun ded train in g and e x p e r ie n c e
u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ ivalent tr a in ­
ing and e x p e r ie n c e .

E L E C T R IC IA N S , M A IN T E N A N C E
P e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic a l trad e fu n ction s su ch as the
in sta lla tio n , m a in te n a n ce , o r r e p a ir o f equipm ent fo r the g en era tin g ,
d is tr ib u tio n , o r u tiliz a tio n o f e le c t r ic e n e rg y in an esta b lis h m e n t.
W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In stallin g c r r e p a irin g any o f
a v a r ie ty o f e l e c t r i c a l equ ip m en t su ch as g e n e r a to r s , t r a n s fo r m e r s ,
s w itc h b o a r d s , c o n t r o ll e r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , heating units,
con d u it s y s t e m s , o r oth er tr a n s m is s io n equ ipm ent; w orkin g fr o m b lu e ­
p r in ts, d r a w in g s , la y o u t, o r oth er s p e c ific a tio n s ; lo ca tin g and d ia g ­
n osin g tr o u b le in the e le c t r ic a l s y s t e m o r equ ipm ent; w orkin g stan dard
com p u ta tion s r e la tin g to lo a d re q u ire m e n ts o f w iring o r e le c t r ic a l
equ ipm en t; usin g a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic ia n ’ s h an dtools and m e a su rin g
and testin g in s tru m e n ts .
In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m a in ten an ce
e le c t r ic ia n r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e u su a lly a c ­
q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and
e x p e r ie n c e .




IN D U STRIA L (R E G ISTE R E D ) - C on tinu ed

e n v iron m en t, o r oth er
sa fe ty o f a ll p e r s o n n e l.

a c tiv it ie s

a ffe c tin g

the

h ealth,

w e lfa r e ,

and

TRACER
C o p ie s plans and dra w in gs p r e p a r e d by o th e r s , b y p la cin g
tr a c in g c lo th o r pa p er o v e r draw in g and tr a c in g w ith pen o r p en cil.
U ses T -s q u a r e , c o m p a s s , and oth er d ra ftin g to o ls .
M ay p re p a re
sim p le draw in gs and do sim p le le tte r in g .

and

Powerplant

EN G IN EER ,

ST A T IO N A R Y

O p era tes and m a in tain s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e the op era tion
o f sta tio n a ry en gin es and equ ipm en t (m e c h a n ica l or e le c t r ic a l) to su p­
p ly the e sta b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r, heat, r e f r ig e r a ­
tion , o r a ir -c o n d itio n in g .
W ork in v o lv e s : O pera tin g and m aintaining
equ ipm en t su ch as ste a m e n g in e s, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o ­
t o r s , tu r b in e s, ven tilatin g and r e fr ig e r a tin g equ ipm en t, s te a m b o i le r s
and b o i l e r - f e d w a ter pu m ps; m aking equ ipm en t r e p a ir s ; keepin g a
r e c o r d o f o p e r a tio n o f m a ch in e ry , te m p e r a tu r e , and fu el c o n s u m p ­
tion. M ay a ls o s u p e r v is e th ese o p e r a tio n s .
H ead o r c h ie f e n g in eers
in esta b lis h m e n ts em p lo y in g m o r e than one e n g in eer a re exclu d ed .
F IR E M A N ,

S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R

F ir e s sta tio n a ry b o i le r s to fu rn ish the e s ta b lis h m e n t in w hich
e m p lo y e d w ith h eat, p o w e r, o r stea m .
F e e d s fu e ls to f ir e by hand
o r o p e r a te s a m e c h a n ica l s to k e r , g a s, o r o il b u r n e r ; c h e c k s w ater
and sa fe ty v a lv e s .
May c le a n , o il, o r a s s is t in r e p a ir in g b o i le r r o o m equ ipm en t.
H ELPER,

TR A D E S,

M AIN TE N A N C E

A s s is t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k ille d
m ain ten an ce
tr a d e s , b y p e r fo r m in g s p e c ific o r g e n e r a l duties o f l e s s e r s k ill, such
as k eepin g a w o r k e r su pp lied w ith m a te r ia ls and t o o ls ; clea n in g w o r k ­
ing a r e a , m a ch in e , and equ ipm en t; a s s is tin g w o r k e r b y h oldin g m a ­
te r ia ls or t o o ls ; p e r fo r m in g oth er u n sk illed ta sk s as d ir e c t e d by jo u r ­
n eym an . The kind o f w o rk the h e lp e r is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m v a r ie s
fr o m trad e to tra d e : In som e tra d e s the h e lp e r is c o n fin e d to su p­
p ly in g, liftin g , and h oldin g m a te r ia ls and to o ls and cle a n in g w orkin g
a r e a s ; and in o th e r s he is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m s p e c ia liz e d m a ch in e
o p e r a tio n s , o r p a rts o f a tra d e that a re a ls o p e r fo r m e d b y w o rk e r s
on a fu ll-t im e b a s is .

20

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR,

TOOLROOM

S p e c ia liz e s in the o p e r a tio n o f one o r m o r e ty pes o f m a ch in e
t o o ls , su ch as jig b o r e r s , c y lin d r ic a l o r s u r fa c e g r in d e r s , engine
la th e s, o r m illin g m a ch in e s in the c o n s tr u c tio n o f m a c h in e -s h o p to o ls ,
g a u g e s , ji g s , fix t u r e s , o r d ie s . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ;
P la n n in g and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a ch in in g o p e r a tio n s ; p r o c e s s in g
ite m s r e q u irin g c o m p lic a te d setups o r a high d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ;
u sin g a v a r ie ty o f p r e c is io n m e a s u rin g in stru m e n ts; s e le c t in g fe e d s ,
s p e e d s , to o lin g and o p e r a tio n se q u e n ce ; m akin g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t­
m en ts du ring o p e r a tio n to a c h ie v e r e q u is ite to le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s .
M ay be r e q u ire d to r e c o g n iz e w hen to o ls n eed d r e s s in g , to d r e s s to o ls ,
and to s e le c t p r o p e r co o la n ts and cutting and lu b r ic a tin g o ils .
F or
c r o s s - in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m ,
in to o l and d ie jo b b in g sh ops a r e ex clu d e d fr o m this c la s s ific a t io n .

M ACH IN IST,

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
R e p a ir s m a ch in e ry o r m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t o f an e s t a b lis h ­
m en t.
W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in in g m a ch in e s
and m e c h a n ica l equipm ent to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d ism a n tlin g
o r p a rtly d ism a n tlin g m a ch in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly
in v o lv e the u se of h an dtools in s c r a p in g and fittin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g
b ro k e n o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts w ith ite m s ob ta in ed fr o m s to ck ; o r d e r in g the
p ro d u ctio n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a rt b y a m a ch in e shop or sen din g o f
the m a ch in e to a m a ch in e shop fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w ritte n
s p e c ific a tio n s fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r fo r the p r o d u c tio n o f p a rts o r d e r e d
fr o m m a ch in e shop; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m akin g a ll n e c e s s a r y
adju stm en ts fo r o p e ra tio n .
In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f a m a in ten a n ce
m ech a n ic r e q u ir e s roun ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d
through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip or eq u iv a len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
E xclu ded fr o m this c la s s ific a t io n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y du ties
in volve setting up o r a d ju stin g m a c h in e s .

M AIN TE N A N C E
M ILLW RIG H T

P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a rts and new p a rts in m akin g r e p a ir s
o f m e ta l p a rts o f m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t op e ra te d in an e sta b lis h m e n t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
In terp retin g w ritte n in s t r u c ­
tion s and s p e c ific a t io n s ; planning ana la yin g out of w ork ; u sin g a v a ­
r ie t y o f m a c h in is t's h an dtools and p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m en ts;
settin g up and o p e ra tin g stan dard m a ch in e to o ls ; shaping o f m eta l
p a rts to c lo s e t o le r a n c e s ; m akin g stan dard shop com p u ta tion s r e la t ­
ing to d im e n s io n s of w o rk , to o lin g , fe e d s and sp eed s o f m a ch in in g;
kn ow led ge o f the w ork in g p r o p e r t ie s o f the c o m m o n m e ta ls ; s e le c tin g
stan d ard m a t e r ia ls , p a r t s , and equ ipm ent r e q u ir e d fo r h is w o rk ; fittin g
and a s s e m b lin g p a rts into m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t.
In g e n e r a l, the
m a c h in is t 's w o rk n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a roun ded train in g in m a c h in e shop p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ir e d through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r
equ iv alen t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

Installs new m a ch in e s o r h ea v y equ ip m en t and d is m a n tle s and
in sta lls m a ch in es or h ea v y equ ip m en t w hen ch a n g es in the plant la y ­
out a r e r e q u ire d . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Plann in g and
layin g out o f the w ork ; in te r p r e tin g b lu e p rin ts o r oth er s p e c ific a t io n s ;
u sin g a v a r ie ty o f h an dtools and r ig g in g ; m akin g stan d ard shop c o m ­
putations rela tin g to s t r e s s e s , stren g th o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n t e r s of
g ra vity; alining and b a la n cin g o f equ ip m en t; s e le c t in g stan dard t o o ls ,
equipm ent, and p a rts to be u se d ; in sta llin g and m a in tain in g in g ood
o r d e r p ow er tr a n s m is s io n eq u ip m en t su ch as d r iv e s and sp eed r e ­
d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, the m illw r ig h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a roun ded
trainin g and e x p e rie n c e in the trad e a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p r e n ­
tice s h ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

OILER

M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M A IN TE N A N C E )

R e p a ir s a u to m o b ile s , b u s s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f
an e sta b lis h m e n t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in in g
a u to m o tiv e equ ipm en t to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g
eq u ipm en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e the u se o f su ch h an dto o ls as w r e n c h e s , g a u g es, d r i l l s , or s p e c ia liz e d equ ipm en t in d i s ­
a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a rts ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m
sto c k ; g rin d in g and a d ju stin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in sta llin g the
v a r io u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m akin g n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en ts;
a lin in g w h e e ls , a d ju stin g b r a k e s and lig h ts, o r tightening b o d y b o lts .
In g e n e r a l, the w o rk of the a u tom otiv e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s roun ded
tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e ­
ship or eq u iv a len t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .




L u b r ica te s , with o il o r g r e a s e , the m o v in g p a rts o r w ea rin g
su r fa c e s o f m e ch a n ica l equ ipm ent o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t.

P A IN T E R ,

M AIN TE N AN C E

P aints and r e d e c o r a t e s w a lls , w o o d w o r k , and fix tu r e s o f an
esta b lish m en t.
W ork in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g :
K n ow led g e o f s u r fa c e
p e c u lia r itie s and types of pa in t r e q u ir e d fo r d iffe r e n t a p p lic a tio n s ;
p rep a rin g s u r fa c e fo r paintin g by r e m o v in g o ld fin ish o r b y p la cin g
putty or f ill e r in n ail h o le s and in t e r s t ic e s ; ap p lyin g paint w ith s p ra y
gun or b ru sh .
M ay m ix c o l o r s , o i l s , w hite le a d , and oth er paint
in gred ien ts to obtain p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s is t e n c y .
In g e n e r a l, the
w o rk of the m a in ten an ce p a in te r r e q u ir e s roun ded train in g and e x ­
p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r e q u iv a ­
lent training and e x p e r ie n c e .

21

P IP E F IT T E R ,

M A IN T E N A N C E

S H E E T -M E T A L W O RK ER,

In stalls o r r e p a ir s w a te r , stea m , g a s, o r other types o f pip e
and p ip e fittin g s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t.
W ork in v olv es m o s t o f the f o l ­
low in g:
L ayin g out o f w o r k and m e a su rin g to lo c a te p o s i ion o f pip e
fr o m d ra w in g s o r o th e r w ritte n s p e c ific a tio n s ; cutting v «v io u s s iz e s
o f p ip e to c o r r e c t len gths w ith c h is e l and h a m m er or o x y a ce ty le n e
to r c h o r p ip e -c u ttin g m a ch in e ; th readin g pip e w ith stock s and d ie s ;
ben din g p ip e by h a n d -d r iv e n o r p o w e r -d r iv e n m a ch in es; a s s e m b lin g
p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s te n in g pip e to h a n g e rs; m aking stan dard
shop com p u ta tion s r e la tin g to p r e s s u r e s , flo w , and s iz e o f p ip e r e ­
q u ire d ; m a kin g stan d ard te s ts to d e te rm in e w hether fin ish ed p ip e s m e e t
s p e c ific a t io n s .
In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in ten an ce p ip e fitte r
r e q u ir e s rou n ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a cq u ire d th rough a
fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r eq u iv a len t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
W o r k e rs
r im a r ily en ga ged in in sta llin g and re p a ir in g building san ita tion o r
eating s y s te m s a r e e x clu d e d .

PLUM BER,

M A IN T E N A N C E

K eep s the p lu m b in g s y s te m o f an esta b lish m en t in g ood o r d e r .
W ork in v o lv e s ;
K n ow led g e o f s a n ita ry c o d e s reg a rd in g in sta lla tio n o f
ven ts and tra p s in plu m b in g s y s t e m ; in sta llin g o r re p a irin g p ip es and
fix t u r e s ; op en in g c lo g g e d d ra in s w ith a p lu n ger o r p lu m b e r 's sn ake.
In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in ten a n ce p lu m b er r e q u ir e s roun ded
tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d through a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e ­
ship o r eq u iv a len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN TE N A N C E
F a b r ic a t e s , in s t a lls , and m ain tains in g ood r e p a ir the sh e e tm e ta l eq u ip m en t and fix tu r e s (su ch as m a ch in e g u a rd s, g r e a s e p a n s,
s h e lv e s , l o c k e r s , ta n k s, v e n t ila t o r s , ch u tes, d u cts, m e ta l r o o fin g )
o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t of the fo llo w in g : Plann in g

Custodial

and

and la yin g out a il ty pes o f s h e e t-m e ta l m a in ten a n ce w o r k fr o m b lu e ­
p r in ts , m o d e ls , o r oth er s p e c ific a t io n s ; settin g up and op era tin g a ll
a v a ila b le ty p es o f s h e e t-m e ta l-w o r k in g m a ch in e s ; u sin g a v a r ie ty of
h an d toois in cu ttin g, ben d in g , fo r m in g , sh ap ing, fittin g , and a s s e m ­
b lin g ; in sta llin g s h e e t-m e ta l a r t i c le s as r e q u ir e d .
In g e n e r a l, the
w o rk o f the m a in ten a n ce s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s roun ded trainin g
and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip or
eq u ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R
(D ie m a k e r;

jig m a k e r;

to o lm a k e r ;

fix tu re m a k e r ;

gau ge m a k er)

C o n s tru c ts and r e p a ir s m a c h in e -s h o p t o o ls , g a u g e s , ji g s , f i x ­
tu re s o r d ie s fQr fo r g in g s , punching, and oth er m e t a l-fo r m in g w ork .
W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P lann in g and la yin g out o f w o rk
fr o m m o d e ls , b lu e p r in ts , d r a w in g s , o r oth er o r a l and w ritten s p e c if i­
ca tio n s ; u sin g a v a r ie ty o f to o l and die m a k e r ’ s h an dtoois and p r e c is io n
m e a su rin g in stru m e n ts ; u n derstan din g o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r t ie s o f
c o m m o n m e ta ls and a llo y s ; settin g up and op era tin g o f m a ch in e to o ls
and r e la te d equ ipm en t; m a kin g n e c e s s a r y shop com p u ta tion s rela tin g
to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , s p e e d s , fe e d s , and to o lin g o f m a c h in e s ; h ea ttre a tin g o f m e ta l p a rts du rin g fa b r ic a tio n as w e ll as o f fin ish e d to o ls
and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a litie s; w ork in g to c lo s e to le r a n c e s ;
fittin g and a s s e m b lin g o f p a rts to p r e s c r i b e d to le r a n c e s and a llo w ­
a n c e s ; s e le c t in g a p p ro p r ia te m a t e r ia ls , t o o l s , and p r o c e s s e s .
In
g e n e r a l, the to o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u ir e s a rou n ded trainin g
in m a ch in e shop and to o lr o o m p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rough a
fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r equ iv alen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
F o r c r o s s - in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , to o l and d ie m a k ers
in to o l and die jo b b in g sh ops a r e ex clu d e d fr o m this* c la s s ific a t io n .

Material

G U AR D

M A IN TE N A N C E - C ontinued

Movement

JA N IT O R ,

PORTER,

OR C L E A N E R

(S w eep er; ch a rw om a n ; ja n it r e s s )
P e r f o r m s rou tin e p o li c e d u ties, eith er at fix ed p o s t o r on
to u r , m a in tain in g o r d e r , u sin g a r m s o r f o r c e w h ere n e c e s s a r y .
In­
c lu d e s g a tem en w ho a r e sta tion ed at gate and ch eck on id en tity o f
e m p lo y e e s and o th e r p e r s o n s e n te r in g .




C lean s and keep s in an o r d e r ly con d ition fa c t o r y w ork in g
a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m is e s of an o f f ic e , a p a rtm en t h ou se,
o r c o m m e r c ia l o r oth er e s ta b lis h m e n t.
D uties in v olv e a com b in a tion

22

JA N IT O R ,

PORTER,

OR C L E A N E R - Continued

o f the fo llo w in g : S w eeping, m op p in g £ r sc r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g flo o r s ;
r e m o v in g c h ip s, tra s h , and oth er r e fu s e ; dusting equ ipm en t, fu rn itu r e ,
o r fix t u r e s ; p o lish in g m e ta l fix tu re s or tr im m in g s ; p r o v id in g su p p lies
and m in o r m a in ten a n ce s e r v ic e s ; clea n in g la v a t o r ie s , s h o w e r s , and
restroom s.
W o r k e rs who s p e c ia liz e in w indow w ash in g a r e ex clu d ed .
LABORER,

M A T E R IA L HANDLING

(L o a d e r and u n loa d er; h a n dler and s ta c k e r ; s h e lv e r ; tr u c k e r ;
stock m a n o r s to ck h e lp e r ; w a reh ou sem a n o r w a r e h o u se h e lp e r )
A w o r k e r em p loy ed in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa ctu rin g plant,
s t o r e , o r oth er e sta b lis h m e n t w h ose du ties in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f
the fo llo w in g ; L oad in g and unloadin g v a r io u s m a te r ia ls and m e r c b a n d is e on o r fr o m fr e ig h t c a r s , tr u ck s , o r oth er tr a n sp o rtin g d e v ic e s ;
u n pa ck in g, s h e lv in g , o r p la cin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r
s to r a g e lo c a tio n ; tra n sp o rtin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e by hand tru ck ,
c a r , o r w h e e lb a r r o w .
L o n g s h o r e m e n , w ho loa d and unload sh ips a r e
ex clu d e d .
O R D E R F IL L E R
(O rd e r p ic k e r ; s to ck s e l e c t o r ; w a re h o u se stock m a n )
F il ls sh ipping o r tr a n s fe r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d g o o d s fr o m
s t o r e d m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c ific a tio n s on s a le s s lip s ,
c u s t o m e r s ’ o r d e r s , o r oth er in s tru ctio n s .
M ay, in a d d ition to fillin g
o r d e r s and in d icatin g ite m s fille d o r om itted , keep r e c o r d s o f ou t­
g oin g o r d e r s , r e q u is itio n a d d ition a l s to c k , o r r e p o r t s h o r t su p p lies
to s u p e r v is o r , and p e r fo r m oth er r e la te d d u ties.
PACKER,

SHIPPING

P r e p a r e s fin ish e d p r o d u c ts fo r sh ipm ent o r s to r a g e b y p la cin g
them in sh ipping c o n ta in e r s , the s p e c ific o p e r a tio n s p e r fo r m e d bein g
depen den t upon the type, s iz e , and n u m ber o f units to be p a ck e d , the
type o f co n ta in e r e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f sh ipm en t.
W ork r e q u ir e s
the p la cin g o f item in shipping c o n ta in e rs and m a y in v o lv e one o r
m o r e o f the fo llo w in g :
K n ow ledge of v a r io u s ite m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r
to v e r ify con ten t; s e le c t io n o f a p p ro p ria te type and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r;
in s e r tin g e n c lo s u r e s in c o n ta in e r; u sing e x c e ls io r o r oth er m a te r ia l to
p r e v e n t b rea k a g e o r d a m ag e; c lo s in g and se a lin g c o n ta in e r; ap plyin g
la b e ls o r en terin g iden tifyin g data on c o n ta in e r.
P a c k e r s w ho a ls o
m a k e w ood en b o x e s o r c r a te s a r e e x clu d ed .

SHIPPING AND RE C E IV IN G C L E R K
P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r sh ipm en t, o r r e c e iv e s and is r e ­
s p o n s ib le fo r in co m in g sh ipm en ts o f m e r c h a n d is e o r oth er m a t e r ia ls .
Shipping w o r k in v o lv e s : A kn ow led ge o f shipping p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c ­
t i c e s , r o u te s , a v a ila b le m ea n s o f tr a n sp o rta tio n and r a te s ; and p r e -




SHIPPING AND RE CEIV IN G C L E R K - C on tinu ed
p a rin g r e c o r d s of the g o o d s sh ip p ed , m a k in g up b ills o f la d in g, p o s t ­
ing w eight and shipping c h a r g e s , and k eep in g a file o f shipping r e c o r d s .
M ay d ir e c t o r a s s is t in p r e p a r in g the m e r c h a n d is e fo r sh ip m en t.
R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s :
V e r ify in g o r d ir e c tin g o th e r s in v e r ify in g
the c o r r e c t n e s s o f sh ipm en ts a g a in s t b ills o f la d in g, in v o ic e s , o r
oth er r e c o r d s ; ch eck in g f o r s h o r ta g e s and r e je c tin g d a m a g ed g o o d s ;
rou tin g m e rch a n d ise or m a te r ia ls to p r o p e r d e p a rtm e n ts; m a in tain in g
n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f ile s .
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s ,

w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s :

R e c e iv in g c le r k
Shipping c le r k
Shipping and r e c e iv in g c le r k
T R U C K D R IV E R
D riv e s a tru ck w ith in a c it y o r in d u str ia l a r e a to tr a n s p o r t
m a te r ia ls , m e r c h a n d is e , eq u ip m en t, o r m e n b etw een v a r io u s ty p es o f
esta b lish m en ts such a s :
M an u fa ctu rin g p la n ts, fr e ig h t d e p o ts, w a r e ­
h o u s e s , w h o le sa le and r e ta il e s ta b lis h m e n t s , o r b etw een r e ta il e s t a b ­
lish m en ts and c u s t o m e r s ’ h o u s e s o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s .
M ay a ls o
loa d o r unload tru ck w ith o r w ith ou t h e lp e r s , m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l
r e p a ir s , and keep tru ck in g ood w o rk in g o r d e r .
D r iv e r - s a l e s m e n and
o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s a r e e x c lu d e d .
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s a r e c la s s if i e d b y s iz e
and type o f equipm ent, as fo llo w s :
( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r sh ou ld be rated
on the b a sis o f tr a ile r c a p a c it y . )
T r u c k d r iv e r , ligh t (under lVa ton s)
T r u c k d r iv e r , m ed iu m ( l 1/ 2 to and in clu d in g 4 t o n s )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a ile r ty p e )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , oth er than t r a ile r type)
TR U C K E R ,

PO W ER

O pera tes a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r ic - p o w e r e d
tr u ck or tr a c to r to tr a n s p o rt g o o d s and m a te r ia ls o f a ll kinds about
a w a re h o u se , m a n u factu rin g p la n t, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t.
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s ,
tr u ck , as fo llo w s :

w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifi e d b y ty p e o f

T r u c k e r , p o w e r (fo r k lift)
T r u c k e r , p o w e r (oth er than f o r k l i f t )
W ATCH M AN
M akes rounds o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a l ly in p r o te c tin g p r o p e r t y
a g a in st f i r e , theft, and ille g a l en try.

☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING O F F IC E : 1955 O - 338447

F o r the co n v e n ie n ce o f u s e r s of BLS data, c o p ie s of b u lletin s m a y a ls o be p u rch a se d fro m the
fo llo w in g sa le s o ffic e s :
U .S . D ep a rtm en t o f L a b or
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics
341 Ninth A venue
N ew Y o r k 1, N. Y.

U .S . D epartm en t o f L a b or
B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistics
630 S ansom e S treet
San F r a n c is c o 11, C a lif.

U .S . D epartm en t of L a b o r
B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistics
105 W est A dam s S treet
C h ica g o 3, 111.

O ccu p ation al wage su rv e y s a r e bein g con d u cted in 1 7 m a jo r la b o r m a rk ets during late 1954
and e a r ly 1955. B ulletins fo r the fo llo w in g a re a s a re now a v a ila b le and m a y be p u rch a sed fro m the
Su perin ten den t o f D ocu m en ts, G ov ern m en t P rin tin g O ffic e , W ashington 25, D. C. , o r fr o m any of the
r e g io n a l s a le s o ffic e s liste d a b o v e .




L a b o r M arket
B u ffa lo , N. Y .
C le v e la n d , Ohio
D a lla s , T ex .
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a.
M in n e a p o lis-S t. P aul,
M inn.
D e n v e r, C o lo .
San F r a n c is c o Oakland, C a lif.
N e w a r k -J e r s e y
C ity , N. J.
M e m p h is, Tenn.
St. L o u is , M o.

S u rv ey P e r io d

BLS B u lletin
N um ber

S e p te m b e r 1954
O cto b e r 1954
S ep tem b er 1954
N o v e m b e r 1954

1172-1
1172-2
1172-3
1 1 72 -4

25
25
20
25

N o v e m b e r 1954
D e c e m b e r 1954

1 1 72-5
1 1 72 -6

20 cents
25 cents

January 1955

1 1 72-7

20 cents

D e c e m b e r 1954
F e b ru a ry 1955
F e b ru a ry 1955

1 1 7 2 -8
1172-9
1172-10

20 cents
20 cents
25 cents

P r ic e
cents
cents
cents
cents