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Occupational Wage Survey NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA N O VEM BER 1955 B L S B u lle t in N o . 1 1 8 8 - 5 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage S u rvey N E W O R L E A N S , L O U IS IA N A NOVEMBER 1955 Bulletin No. 1188-5 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clagua, Commissionar F e b r u a r y 1956 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Grrice, Washington 25, D. C. Price 25 cents Contents Page Introduction -------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------ -------------------- ^ W a g e trends for selected occupational g r o u p s ------------------------------------------------------ - 1 3 Tables: 1: 2: A: B: E s tablishments and w o r k e r s within scope of s u r v e y _____ _________________________________ P e r c e n t changes in standard w e e k l y salaries for office clerical a n d average straight-time hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups, for selected periods ________________________________________ -__________________________________ Occupational earnings * A-l: Office occupations ____________________________________________________________________ A-2: Professional and technical occupations ______________________________________________ A - 3: M a i n t e n a n c e and powerplant occupations ____________________________________________ A - 4: Custodial and material m o v e m e n t occupations ______________________________________ Es t a b l i shment practices and s u p p lementary w a g e provisions * B-l: Shift differential provisions __________________________ B-2: M i n i m u m entrance rates for w o m e n office w o r k e r s _______________________________ B-3: Scheduled w e e k l y hours ___________________________ B-4: P a i d holidays _________________________________________________________________________ B-5: P a i d vacations ____________________ B-6: Health, insurance, and pension plans ______________________________________________ Appendix: Job descriptions ________________ __________________________________________ ________________ * NOTE: Similar tabulations for m o s t of these items are available in the N e w Orleans area reports for D e c e m b e r 1951 a n d N o v e m b e r 1953. T h e 1953 report also provides tabulations of w a g e structure characteristics, l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , a n d overt i m e p a y provisions. A directory indicating date of study a n d the price of the reports, as well as reports for other m a j o r areas, is available upon request. C u r r e n t reports on occupational earnings a n d s u pplementary w a g e practices in the N e w Orleans a r e a are also available for hotels (June 1955), a n d office building service (June 1955). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, local transit operating e m ployees, an d m o t o r t r u c k drivers. 2 3 5 7 8 9 11 12 13 13 14 16 17 Occupational W age Survey - New Orleans, La. * I n tr o d u c tio n O c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a t e s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f th e stu d y a n d n ot th e n u m b e r a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e a m on g e s t a b li s h m e n t s , th e e s t im a t e s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m th e s a m p le o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f th e jo b s s t u d ie d . T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t m a t e r i a l l y a f f e c t th e a c c u r a c y o f th e e a r n in g s d a ta . T h e N e w O r le a n s a r e a is o n e o f s e v e r a l im p o r t a n t in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s in w h ic h th e D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r *s B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s c o n d u c t e d s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s an d r e la t e d w a g e b e n e f it s . In e a c h a r e a , d a ta a r e o b t a in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e l d a g e n ts to r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u fa c t u r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s tr y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d ie s , b e s i d e s r a i l r o a d s , a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s a n d th e c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d e x t r a c t iv e in d u s t r ie s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g fe w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m it t e d a l s o b e c a u s e th e y fu r n is h i n s u f f ic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d to w a rra n t in c lu s io n .1 W h e r e v e r p o s s i b l e , s e p a r a t e t a b u la tio n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s . E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s an d S u p p le m e n ta r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d a l s o (in th e B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) on s e l e c t e d e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fit s a s th ey r e la t e t o o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s . T h e t e r m " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , 11 as u s e d in th is b u lle t in , in c lu d e s a ll o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s and e x c lu d e s a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , an d t e c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l . "P la n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g f o r e m e n an d a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in c lu d in g le a d m e n an d t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f ic e fu n c t io n s . A d m in is t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , an d t e c h n ic a l e m p l o y e e s , and f o r c e a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t io n e m p l o y e e s w h o a r e u t ili z e d a s a s e p a r a te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . C a f e t e r ia w o r k e r s an d r o u t e m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s , bu t a r e in c lu d e d a s p la n t w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r i e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f th e u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o l v e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s , an d to in s u r e p r o m p t p u b lic a t io n o f r e s u l t s . T o o b ta in a p p r o p r ia t e a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e than o f s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s i s s t u d ie d . In c o m b in in g th e d a ta , h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t . E s t im a t e s b a s e d on th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e la t in g t o a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e in d u s t r y g r o u p in g a n d a r e a , 2 e x c e p t f o r th o s e b e lo w th e m in im u m s i z e s t u d ie d . S h ift d if f e r e n t ia l d a ta (ta b le B - l ) a r e li m i t e d to m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s . T h is in fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d b o th in t e r m s o f (a ) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 3 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f to t a l p la n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t , an d (b ) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d on th e b a s i s o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on th e s p e c i f i e d s h ift a t th e t im e o f th e s u r v e y . In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , th e a m o u n t a p p ly in g to a m a jo r it y w a s u s e d o r , i f n o a m o u n t a p p lie d to a m a j o r i t y , th e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n " o t h e r " w as u sed . O c c u p a t io n s a n d E a r n in g s T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r stu d y a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c t u r in g a n d n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r ie s . O c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d o n a u n if o r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip t i o n s d e s ig n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t o f in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u tie s w ith in th e s a m e jo b ( s e e a p p e n d ix f o r li s t i n g o f t h e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s ) . E a r n in g s d a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) fo r th e fo llo w in g t y p e s o f o c c u p a tio n s : (a ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (b ) p r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n ic a l ; ( c ) m a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e r p la n t; a n d (d ) c u s t o d ia l a n d m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t . M in im u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s (ta b le B - 2 ) r e la t e o n ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n t s v i s i t e d . T h e y a r e p r e s e n t e d on an e s t a b lis h m e n t , r a th e r than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s i s . S c h e d u le d h o u r s ; p a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; a n d h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s a r e t r e a t e d s t a t is t i c a l l y on th e b a s i s that t h e s e a r e a p p lic a b le to a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify f o r th e p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d . 4 B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , su m s o f in d i v id u a l it e m s in t h e s e ta b u la tio n s do n o t n e c e s s a r i l y e q u a l t o t a ls . D ata a r e sh o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n in g s d a ta e x c lu d e p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , an d la te s h if t s . N o n p r o d u c tio n , b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d a l s o , bu t c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s an d in c e n tiv e e a r n in g s a r e in c lu d e d . W h e r e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e f e r e n c e is to th e w o r k s c h e d u le s (r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ) f o r w h ic h s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a r e p a id ; a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s h a v e b e e n r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r . T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s i s li m i t e d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s , e x c lu d in g in fo r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y t im e o f f w ith p a y is g r a n te d at th e d i s c r e t i o n o f th e e m p l o y e r . S e p a r a te e s t im a t e s a r e p r o v id e d 3 A n e s t a b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g a p o l i c y i f it m e t e it h e r o f th e fo llo w in g c o n d i t io n s : ( l ) O p e r a t e d la t e s h ifts at the tim e o f th e s u r v e y , o r (2 ) h a d f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g la t e s h ift s . 4 S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( f i r s t s e c t io n o f t a b le B - 3 ) a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f th e p r o p o r t io n o f w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o f f i c e s w ith th e in d ic a t e d w e e k ly h o u r s fo r w o m e n w ork ers. * T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in th e B u r e a u f s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in A t la n t a , G a . , b y B e r n a r d J . F a h r e s , u n d e r the d ir e c t io n o f L o u is B . W o y t y c h , R e g io n a l W a g e an d I n d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s A n a ly s t . 1 S e e t a b le 1 f o r m i n i m u m - s i z e e s t a b lis h m e n t c o v e r e d . T h e ta b u la t io n o f m in im u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s r e l a t e s o n ly to p r o v i s i o n s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d . 1 2 a c c o r d i n g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t i c e in c o m p u tin g v a c a t io n p a y m e n t s , s u c h a s tim e p a y m e n t s , p e r c e n t o f an n u a l e a r n in g s , o r f l a t - s u m a m o u n ts . H o w e v e r , in the ta b u la tio n s o f v a c a t io n a llo w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n ts n ot on a t im e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as the e q u iv a le n t o f 1 w eek ’s pay. D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s f o r w h ic h at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t in g o n ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n t s s u c h a s w o r k m e n ’ s c o m p e n s a t io n an d s o c i a l s e c u r i t y . S u ch p la n s in c lu d e th o s e u n d e r w r it t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y a n d th o s e p r o v i d e d th r o u g h a u n io n fu n d o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p l o y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t in g fu nds o r f r o m a fu nd s e t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . D ea th b e n e fit s a r e in c lu d e d a s a f o r m o f life in s u r a n c e o S ic k n e s s a n d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e is l im it e d to th at ty p e o f i n s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ic h p r e d e t e r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e d i r e c t l y to the in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s i s d u rin g il l n e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll su ch p la n s to w h ic h the e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s . H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o r k an d N ew J e r s e y , w h ic h h av e e n a c te d t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w h ic h r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 5 p la n s a r e in c lu d e d o n ly i f the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n tr ib u t e s m o r e than is l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , o r (2 ) p r o v i d e s th e e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fit s w h ic h e x c e e d th e r e q u ir e m e n t s o f th e la w . T a b u la t io n s o f p a id s i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p la n s w h ic h p r o v i d e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r ’ s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e ca u se o f illn e s s . S e p a r a te ta b u la t io n s a r e p r o v i d e d a c c o r d i n g to (1) p la n s w h ich p r o v i d e fu ll p a y a n d n o w a it in g p e r i o d , a n d (2 ) p la n s p r o v id in g e it h e r p a r t ia l p a y o r a w a it in g p e r i o d . In a d d itio n to the p r e s e n t a t io n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s w h o a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r p a id s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p lic a te d t o t a l is sh ow n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e e it h e r o r b o th ty p e s o f b e n e f it . C a ta s tr o p h e i n s u r a n c e , s o m e t i m e s r e f e r r e d to a s e x te n d e d m e d i c a l in s u r a n c e , in c lu d e s t h o s e p la n s w h ic h a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s an d in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s b e y o n d th e n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p it a li z a t io n , m e d i c a l , a n d s u r g i c a l p la n s . M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v i d in g f o r c o m p le t e o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s ’ f e e s . S u ch p la n s m a y b e u n d e r w r it t e n b y c o m m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a t i o n s o r th e y m a y b e s e l f in s u r e d . T a b u la tio n s o f r e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e li m i t e d to th o s e p la n s th at p r o v id e m o n th ly p a y m e n ts f o r th e r e m a i n d e r o f th e w o r k e r ’ s life . 5 T h e t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a l i f o r n i a an d R h o d e I s la n d do n ot r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s . Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in New Orleans, 1 Minimum Number of establishments size establish Within Industry division ment Studied scope of in scope of study study 2 51 575 154 A ll divisions ____________ _____________________ 51 53 Manufacturing _ ___________ _______________ __ 181 51 101 Nonmanufacturing 394 Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public u tilitie s 4 ._ 51 22 73 Wholesale trade _ ....... 51 21 109 Retail trade _ _ _ ... .... 51 123 30 Finance, insurance, and real estate . _ _ .. 51 14 52 Services6 _. 51 14 37 La., 1 by major industry division, November 1955 Workers in establishments Within scope o$ study Total 3 Office Plant 117,200 45,300 71,900 24,700 11,000 ' 23,100 6, 100 7,000 15,800 3,600 12,200 3,200 (5) 2,300 (5) (5) 74,700 35,800 38,900 8,900 (5) 18,300 (5) (5) Studied Total 3 66,120 24,790 ,41,330 18,740 2,930 12,500 2,890 4,270 1 The New Orleans Metropolitan Area (Jefferson, Orleans, and St. Bernard Parishes). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table pro vide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum size lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theatres are considered as 1 establishment. 3 Includes executive, technical, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 4 Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation. 5 This industry division is represented in estimates for "all industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables, although coverage was insufficient to justify separate presentation of data. Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services. 3 W age The w om en ta b le o ffic e p la n t w o r k e r a rd p la n t w o rk e r en d s, c le r ic a l fo r g ro u p s, e x c lu d in g h o lid a y s , s e le c te d and k ey th ey ch an ge in s a la r ie s e a r n in g s la te c le r ic a l w ith in d a ta ; m e a su re p ay o f O c c u p a t io n a l o f s e le c te d in c lu d e d in 10 th e in g rou p . E ig h te e n m a in te n a n c e p la n t w ork er r e la te th e See F or T h e (l) g e n e ra l 3 th e r e s u lt ra te s, w o u ld fe cte d on d a ta in u n s k ille d fo o tn o te s in c re a s e w eek in c lu d e d and o r in to by a e x p a n s io n d rop th e d rop , a th e th e d iffe r e n t w h ile p a id in th ou g h out th e T he o f an ch an ge sam e jo b ; fo rc e in a in and (3 ) la b o r e x p a n s io n lo w e r e a r n in g s th e o c c u p a tio n ch an ge w ork ers a re by a ls o a f e s t a b lis h m ovem en t ca u se o c c u r re d m ig h t any p a id e m p lo y e d c o u ld ra tes o f in s p e c ific e x a m p le , a re a e ffe c ts in c re a s e s w it h o u t o f a v e ra g e F o r o f o th er a v era g e w o rk e rs th e o r A p r o p o r t io n le v e ls . no in w o rk e rs th e e ffe c t. pay p r in c ip a lly , m e r it r e d u c tio n . p r o p o r tio n e s t a b lis h m e n t (2 ) o c c u p a tio n a l r e d u c t io n in even or o f lo w e r in o p p o s ite s h ifts w ith m e a su re s, ch a n ges; in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h erea s h ig h -p a y in g ch an ge w age p r o p o r tio n in by o f and fo rc e have m en ts to p ercen t r e c e iv e d and G rou p s s a la r y tu rn ov er h o u r ly n u m e r ic a lly w e re jo b s on b a sed th e to sta n d p a id . w ork a re o f jo b s d a ta . a re fo r m ost s k ille d is , s tr a ig h t-tim e and p ercen ta g es in c lu d e ch an ge th a t s a la r ie s o v e r tim e The and of o f w ork , ch an ges fo r s h ifts . ea ch p ercen ts h ou rs s tr a ig h t-tim e o c c u p a tio n s jo b s w e re o f a v era g e th e n orm a l p r e m iu m im p o r ta n t jo b s in w o rk e rs , fo r w h ic h th e o ffic e p ercen ts and S e le c te d pay s a la r ie s s c h e d u le e a r n in g s , fo r o ffic e w e e k ly w o rk p re se n ts w o rk e rs , fo r g ro u p s. F o r a v era g e b e lo w c le r ic a l T ren d s th e in o f a a vera g es oth er a rea e s ta b lis h m e n ts . ta b le b e lo w . T h e A v e ra g e com p u ted o r fo r h o u r ly 1953 and w e e k ly ea ch o f th e e a r n in g s w e re N ov em b er 1955 in g s fo r in d iv id u a l g a te fo r ea ch a g g re g a te s and o f ch an ge fro m s e le c te d th en a th e on e p e r io d o c c u p a tio n s . to in w ere g rou p . y ea r d iffe r e n c e a v era g e m u ltip lie d o c c u p a tio n s g iv e n or e m p lo y m e n t o c c u p a tio n a l fo r com p u ted s a la r ie s to by th e th en b etw een th e r e s u lt a v era g e T h ese to t a le d a g g reg a te th e The e a r n in g s a vera ge jo b . F in a lly , th e th e h o u r ly to and s a la r ie s N ovem b er w e ig h t e d o b ta in r a t io fo r o f o f 100 an is e a rn jo b by o f in c lu d e d ch an ges t im e , use o f ch a n ges s in c e in in con sta n t in th e th e d a ta . sta n d a rd th e y a re In d exes fo r e m p lo y m e n t p r o p o r t io n N or w ork b a sed a re o f th e p e rce n ts s c h e d u le s on pay fo r w as p ercen t a n oth er. or in e lim in a t e s re p re se n te d o f ch an ge p r e m iu m s t r a ig h t-t im e m a jo r la b o r B e n e fits , 17 th e m a rk ets L a b or p e r io d a p p ea red M a rk ets, 1952 in to B L S 1955 B u ll. 1 9 5 4 -5 5 . T a b le 2 : P e r c e n t c h a n g e s in s t a n d a r d w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l 1 a n d a v e r a g e S t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d p la n t o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s 2 in N ew O rle a n s , L a . , f o r s e le c t e d p e r io d s P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s f r o m ----In d u stry and o c c u p a tio n a l g rou p N o v e m b e r 1953 to N o v e m b e r 1955 D e c e m b e r 1951 to N o v e m b e r 1953 D e c e m b e r 1^51 to N o v e m b e r 195 5 A ll in d u s t r ie s : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l (w o m e n ) __ ________ _______ ____ S k i l le d m a in t e n a n c e ( m e n ) ____ __ _______________ U n s k i ll e d p la n t ( m e n ) __________________________________ 8 .0 9 .0 6 .0 1 0 .2 2 1 .8 1 0 .7 1 9 .1 3 2 .7 1 7 .4 M a n u fa c t u r in g : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l (w o m e n ) ________________ ________ S k i l le d m a in t e n a n c e (m e n ) __________ __ _____ __ U n s k i ll e d p la n t (m e n ) __ _____ _____ __ _____ — 8 .1 7 .6 8 .7 1 1 .4 2 2 .2 4 .7 2 0 .4 3 1 .5 1 3 .8 1 w e ig h ts w o rk e rs th e in e f each in flu e n c e d pay fo r o v e r h ou rs. grou p y e a rs th e fe cts a g g re th ese oth er w ere B a s e d o n da ta f o r the fo llo w in g j o b s : O f f ic e c l e r i c a l ( w o m e n ) : B i l l e r s , m a c h in e ( b illin g m a c h i n e ) B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A a n d B C om p tom eter op e ra to rs C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A and B C le r k s , o r d e r C le r k s , p a y r o ll K e y -p u n c h o p e r a t o r s O ff ic e g i r l s S e c r e t a r ie s S ten og ra p h ers, gen eral S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s T a b u la t in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l T y p is t s , c l a s s A an d B 2 B a s e d o n d a ta f o r th e f o ll o w i n g j o b s : S k i l le d m a in t e n a n c e ( m e n ): C a rp en ters E le c t r ic ia n s M a c h i n is t s M e c h a n ic s M e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t iv e M il l w r i g h t s P a in t e r s P ip e fit t e r s S h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s T o o l an d d ie m a k e r s U n s k ille d p la n t ( m e n ) ; J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , a n d c l e a n e r s L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d lin g W a tch m en fo r 1172, w o rk e rs W ages in and 17 oth er R e la te d A: Occupational Earnings 5 Table A-l: Office Occupations (A v e ra g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly h ou rs and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s stu died on an a r e a b a s is in New O r le a n s , L a . , by in d u stry d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1955) A verage S e x , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s try d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly Weekly 2 5 .0 0 hours earnings (Standard) (Standard) 3 0 .0 0 $ 3 0 .0 0 $ ' 3 5 .0 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 “ 4 0 .0 0 “ 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 ~ 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 “ 6 5 .0 0 “ 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 “ 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 “ 9 0 .0 0 $ $ $ 9 0 .0 0 95.00 100.00 9 5 .0 0 lon .oo 105.00 $ 105.00 110.00 $ 110.00 and 23 1 22 3 14 6 8 2 - _ . _ _ over M en C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s A _ M a n u fa c tu r in g ________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g __________ P u b lic u tilit ie s * _________ R e ta il t r a d e ______________ 517 169 348 112 33 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 4 3 .5 $ 7 9 .5 0 7 8 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 7 4 .5 0 7 3 .5 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B M a n u fa c tu r in g ____________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______ P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _____ R e ta il t r a d e ___________ 205 56 149 43 34 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 1 .0 5 7 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 C l e r k s , o r d e r _______ M a n u fa c tu r in g ____ N on m an u factu rin g 340 54 286 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 4 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 C l e r k s , p a y r o l l _______ M a n u fa c tu r in g ______ N on m an u factu rin g _ 84 48 36 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 O ffic e b o y s -------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ______ N on m an u factu rin g _ P u b lic u t ilitie s * 225 59 166 62 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 7 .0 0 3 8 .5 0 3 6 .5 0 3 7 .0 0 T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _________ 69 46 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 7 0 .0 0 6 6 .0 0 165 41 124 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 7 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 4 6 .0 0 11 . 2 23 2 10 65 23 42 18 - 71 32 39 15 7 32 3 29 23 - 71 31 40 28 1 88 33 55 8 5 41 20 21 12 - 34 11 23 3 - 36 6 30 6 10 45 5 40 8 - 29 3 26 11 5 15 5 10 10 - 13 6 7 2 5 11 9 2 2 - 12 6 6 2 - 12 1 11 1 10 5 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 13 3 10 71 10 61 44 6 38 46 5 41 42 3 39 19 32 8 24 43 14 29 7 2 5 8 _ _ _ 8 _ - _ _ - _ _ - - - 11 _ - _ - _ - - ? - - _ 19 13 6 7 1 6 1 2 15 3 12 - - _ - _ _ “ - 2 _ . _ _ - _ . - “ _ - _ 8 - - - _ - - - 1 1 - 92 t5 - 67 22 77 il 66 25 28 10 18 12 23 _ - . _ . _ “ " 7 7 13 13 82 35 20 15 29 21 8 _ ~ “ _ . . - - - “ 82 - 8 9 14 2 8 3 5 23 2 1 1 1 5 3 2 8 4 4 -9 9 - - 19 13 11 2 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 12 11 6 " 13 6 7 5 5 " _ 20 2 18 1 5 5 4 - 4 4 3 1 24 7 17 _ _ - . _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 5 2 3 _ . 1 1 - _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ “ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ 5 3 _ _ _ - “ “ - 4 “ 2 “ 16 11 4 1 _ W om en B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ) M a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________ B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b ook k eep in g m a ch in e ) . N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ R e ta il t r a d e __________________________ 58 53 48 4 1 .5 4 1 .5 4 1 .5 4 6 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A M a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ 104 -------53 51 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 5 8 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 B o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B M a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ R e ta il t r a d e __________________________ 40 6 56 3 50 74 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 1 .0 4 6 .5 0 5 9 .5 0 4 4 .5 0 4 4 .5 0 C l e r k s , a cc o u n tin g , c la s s A ______________ M a n u fa c tu r in g _______________ ,____________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _____________________ R e t a il t r a d e __________________________ 182 59 123 43 40 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 8 .5 4 0 .5 6 8 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 6 6 .0 0 6 6 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 _ _ _ _ . - - - - - " - - - - 10 6 4 29 20 11 9 21 _ _ - _ - _ _ 16 - - - - - - - - 5 - 5 5 - - - - - - - 116 6 110 16 34 12 22 19 13 6 2 2 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - 2 11 8 3 - 2 2 2 25 8 17 9 10 4 22 12 20 11 _ . _ 10 4 2 - 8 3 11 9 3 4 4 _ 1 21 8 7 _ _ 26 16 10 7 1 - - 1 78 109 1 108 23 S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . * T r a n s p o rta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er public u t ilit ie s . _ - - _ _ - - _ _ - - _ " _ - - _ " “ 18 15 3 _ - - - 1 _ - - - _ . - ~ - _ - - " 5 _ 6 - - - 12 12 12 4 - “ - 9 9 7 - - - - 29 29 26 6 - 1 - 3 3 3 - - 1 - _ - _ 1 - - _ _ 1 - _ - - 17 17 78 18 - 29 12 3 7 - 7 2 49 12 37 17 10 11 9 2 - " - 2 6 8 _ _ 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 - - - - 8 - - - - - - O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , N ew O r le a n s , L a ., N o v e m b e r'1 9 5 5 U .S . D E PA R T M E N T OF LA BO R B u rea u o f L a b or S tatistics 6 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t-t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n s studied on an a r e a b a s is in N ew O r le a n s , L a . , b y in d u s try d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1955) Avzkagb Number of workers S e x , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ 3 0 .0 0 $ 3 5 .0 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 55.00 $ 6 0 .0 0 ^ 5 .0 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 $ 95.00 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 60.00 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 _ - 8 8 8 58 58 17 162 44 118 18 155 43 112 10 92 20 72 6 28 6 22 8 102 17 85 22 19 10 9 5 19 9 10 - 5 5 - 7 1 6 - •_ _ - 2 2 - _ _ - _ - - - 13 9 19 19 12 8 7 5 3 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 2 2 _ “ 2 2 " - - - 43 18 65 65 4 47 6 41 - 18 4 14 1 9 9 1 1 1 _ - 2 2 - _ - . " _ " . - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - 38 38 5 35 35 2 9 4 5 5 _ - 2 2 - 1 1 1 _ _ - _ - _ _ $ Weekly Weekly 2 5 .0 0 hOUTB earnings and (Standard) (Standard) under 3 0 .0 0 $ $ $ 100.00 105.00 110.00 and 105,00 110.00 over W om en - C on tinued C le r k s , a ccou n tin g , c la s s B M anufacturin g N onm anufacturing R e ta il trad e C le r k s , f ile , c la s s A N onm anufacturing .... C le r k s , f ile , c la s s B M anufacturin g N onm anufacturing R eta il tra d e .......................... .. ------ --------- C le r k s , o r d e r M anufacturin g N nm nannfarturing R eta il tra d e C le r k s , p a y r o ll M anufacturin g __ N onm anufacturing R etail trad e . ....... C o m p tom eter o p e r a t o r s M anufacturin g N onm anufacturing _ P u b lic u tilitie s * R eta il tra d e 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 4 1 .0 $ 5 0 .5 0 5 2 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 4 8 .0 0 58 46 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 5 1 .5 0 5 1 .5 0 _ _ _ - - - 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .5 4 1 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 4 0 .5 0 3 8 .0 0 _ - 65 1 64 25 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 1 .0 4 9 .5 0 5 1 .0 0 4 9 .5 0 4 3 .5 0 4 4 4 12 12 4 40 40 19 15 5 10 2 17 8 9 1 37 9 28 - _ - 13 5 8 4 13 5 8 2 24 7 17 4 30 11 19 8 25 12 13 5 _ - . - 22 22 20 80 5 75 16 27 59 5 54 2 16 57 23 34 9 15 - 12 ----- 12 4 264 -------T T 237 58 _ _. 657 152 505 94 .... ( ... ... 210 28 182 43 191 -------9? 97 29 ..... ......... ............ ... ..................... K ey-p u n ch o p e r a t o r s N onm anuf ac tu r ing R e ta il trad e 5 4 .0 0 3 9 .5 4S70 ' 5 7 ;6 0 " 3 9 .0 5 1 .5 0 4 7 .5 0 4 0 .5 308 75 233 46 85 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 5 1 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 4 8 .5 0 5 1 .0 0 4 4 .5 0 165 134 28 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 5 2 .0 0 4 8 .5 0 4 6 .5 0 83 78 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 6 .5 0 3 6 .0 0 217 17 S e c r e t a r ie s M anufacturin g N onm anuf ac tu r ing P u b lic u tilitie s * R e ta il tra d e 651 205 446 144 69 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 6 5 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 6 2 .5 0 _ S te n o g r a p h e r s, g e n e r a l 1110 313 797 234 149 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 5 4 .5 0 5 7 .5 0 5 3 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 5 0 .5 0 297 275 27 93 4 2 .5 “ 4Z75" 3 9 .0 4 1 .5 O ffic e g ir ls N onm anufacturing M a n u fa c tu rin g N onm anufacturing P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s * R e ta il trad e -----S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ..... P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s * R e ta il tr a d e . _ ------- , ------ 24 24 . r~ ------- 6 £_ 4 6 ------- 6“ 4 _ . _ _ 4 - . _ - - - _ . _ _ 6 - - - 32 15 7 32 6 4 2 .0 0 22 71 41.0"0 ' T Z ------ — 71 _ 4 7 .5 0 3 9 .5 0 4 9 S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . ♦ T r a n sp o rta tio n (e x clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilitie s 49 — 47 ----7 37 17 ----- I T ” 2 45 45 ‘ 2 17 ------- g - 15 — n r5 2 29 7 22 13 5 s 22 T~ 11 17 r— T~ 3 _ 34 2l 13 2 24 12 12 3 2 4 13 10 -------- T - --------5” -------- r ~ 6 4 2 8 6 2 2 -• 10 9 1 1 - 10 21 8 — n r ~ ------- T ~ ------- 5 2 . _ . 13 -------- g 5 5 - _ - - _ - _ - _ - - - _ 8 4 4 - - 2 2 - 4 4 - _ - 2 2 - - _ _ _ - - _ - _ _ . 2 -------- 2T - _ - - . . - _ - - - _ - _ - - - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 11 81 23 58 24 17 100 29 71 29 9 81 37 62 37 11 26 11 6 31 31 10 4 21 16 7 - 18 10 8 7 1 13 3 10 3 - 9 34 60 20 40 15 7 197 79 118 189 42 147 50 24 79 34 45 36 21 15 - 31 20 11 3 - 10 ------- 5 1 7 6 2 1 2 _ 1 - - - 36 8 8 197 50 147 60 31 174 40 134 39 45 155 ' 25 130 43 15 26 -----Z5 4 1 48 48 -----¥B“ 6 28 — 5 13 22 13 13 _ ---------7 1 1 47 10 11 2 14 --------- j— _ _ _ _ - 8 8 11 6 - - _ - 4 2 87 17 70 11 5 _ - - 24 21 42 6 _ - _ 9 3 1 - 9 9 _ 6 2 2 4 . - _ _ _ _ 2 4 2 - - - _ _ “ “ - - - - - _ _ - - 2 2 - 4 2 - _ _ - . 7 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is in N ew O r le a n s , L a . , b y in d u stry d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1955) Avebaoe S e x , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly Weekly 2 5 .0 0 hours earnings and (Standard) (Standard) under 1 0 .0 0 $ 3 0 .0 0 $ 3 5 .0 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 $ 9 0 .0 0 *95.00 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 -5 5 ,0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 5 5 - 1 1 _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 1 _ 1 1 $ $ $ 100.00 105.00 110.00 and 105.00 110.00 o v e r W om en - C on tin u ed S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t i o n i s t s M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g ......... . ....... R e t a il trad e __ _ T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s _ . . _ T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ... __ T y p is t s , c la s s A __ M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g .. ............ P u b lic u tilit ie s * T y p is t s , c la s s B M a n u fa ctu rin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g P u b lic u tilit ie s * R e t a il tra d e _ ...... .... _ . ....' _ .... ._. . _. .......... ........................... ........................ . 201 87 114 34 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .5 $ 5 0 .5 0 5 3 .5 0 4 8 .5 0 4 6 .0 0 _ - 15 15 4 8 5 3 3 40 19 21 - 36 13 23 7 30 6 24 20 32 19 13 - 26 14 12 - - 6 3 3 “ 28 3 9 .0 6 0 .5 0 _ _ 4 _ _ 5 1 10 _ 4 89 77 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 4 7 .5 0 4 6 .5 0 . 23 23 9 9 24 18 5 1 3 1 7 7 _ . _ - 18 18 _ - - - - - - 312 61 251 76 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 4 9 .5 0 5 2 .5 0 4 9 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 - 1 1 16 16 53 l6 37 16 66 12 54 12 38 11 27 31 7 24 12 4 4 - 3 1 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 _ - _ - - 95 10 85 31 - - - - - - - 580 121 459 114 85 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 4 1 .0 4 2 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 4 1 .5 0 4 3 .5 0 4 1 .0 0 121 2 119 24 21 192 40 152 60 10 63 14 49 5 i4 53 20 33 1 16 41 12 29 19 2 2 4 4 _ - _ - _ - - - - _ - . - - 6 .1 5 - - - - - - - - _ - - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ - - 9 9 89 26 63 5 10 . 9 - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - 1 . - - - - _ - _ _ - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 1 H ou rs r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r ie s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e se w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 In clu d es 2 w o r k e r s at $ 2 0 to $ 2 5 . * T r a n s p o rta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ica tio n , and oth er pub lic u tilit ie s . Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly h o u rs and ea rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s studied o n an a r e a b a s is in N ew O r le a n s , L a . , by in d u stry d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1955) Avebaoe S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers -------- ,------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------- — NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly Weekly 5 0 .0 0 hours earnings and (Standard) (Standard) under 5 5 .0 0 — — $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 5 .0 0 $ 9 0 .0 0 $ 95.00 $ 100.00 $ 105.00 $ 110.00 $ 115.00 6 0 .0 0 “ 6 5 .0 0 “ 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 _ _ _ _ _ 12 12 9 9 40 25 15 5 5 13 8 5 14 4 10 8 5 3 13 8 5 2 1 1 7 7 - 6 3 3 3 5 5 3 3 5 5 _ _ _ - - 1 i 3 3 2 Z~ _ _ _ " " “ $ $ $ $ 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 and 125.00 130.00 135.00 o v e r M en D r a ft s m e n , s e n i o r _________________________________________ M an u factu rin g ... ...... .. . N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------- 134 95 39 4 0 .5 4 0 .5 4 0 .0 $ 9 4 .5 0 9 5 .5 0 9 2 .5 0 _ _ - - - D r a ft s m e n , j u n i o r _________________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ___________________________________________ 78 58 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 9 .5 0 7 1 .5 0 20 12 7 ------- 5 16 16 2 - 6 5 5 - 42 31 1 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 7 0 .5 0 7 1 .5 0 5 5 2 1 9 6 11 8 1 1 4 2 _' _ 11 n - - - - - - - “ “ “ _ W om en N u r s e s , in d u s tr ia l ( r e g is t e r e d ) M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------------------------------ ------- 3 j— — ----- j1----- . 1 H ours r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th ese w e e k ly h o u r s . O ccu p a tion a l W age S u r v e y , N ew O r le a n s , L a ., N o v em b er 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics 8 Table A-3: Maintenance apd Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e h o u rly e a rn in gs 1 f o r m en in s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n s studied on an a re a b a s is in New O rle a n s , L a . , b y in d u stry d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS O F - O ccu p ation and in du stry d iv is io n C a rp e n te rs , m ain ten an ce M anufacturing __ _____ N onm anufacturing __ R eta il tra d e __ __ _ __ -------------- __ „ _____________________ _________ ___ _____ __ _ _ __ „ E le c t r ic ia n s , m a in t e n a n c e __ ____ __ _______ M a n u fa c tu r in g __ __ _ __ __ __ __ __ ______ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____ _ __ _______ __ _ Number of workers Average hourly earnings 207 97 110 40 $ 1 .91 1. 95 1. 89 2. 25 258 202 56 2. 20 2. 19 2. 24 1. 00 $ 1. 10 $ 1. 20 1. 00 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 - ~ 3 3 " 11 2 9 " 18 1 17 2 14 9 5 4 6 6 4 17 15 2 2 27 19 8 " 3 3 “ 30 10 20 ~ 1 • 1 “ 6 2 4 1 15 14 1 " 8 7 1 " 1 1 1 17 17 “ 1 1 1 27 27 24 - 2 2 - 1 1 3 3 9 8 1 4 4 - 3 2 1 6 5 1 17 17 “ 13 7 6 22 16 6 75 64 11 17 17 " 39 29 10 3 3 ~ 12 10 2 20 20 ” ” - - 2 - “ 26 12 14 " 34 28 6 “ 9 4 5 2 20 9 11 " 3 3 ~ 24 3 21 5 10 6 4 “ 47 40 7 2 5 2 3 2 17 4 13 10 9 5 4 4 14 1 13 2 5 5 5 13 10 3 1 6 6 _ 20 6 14 33 27 6 3 3 ~ 14 10 4 8 8 ~ 16 16 * 33 33 " ~ 4 4 " 8 5 3 " 8 8 " - 8 8 * - 12 12 “ “ " 2 ' 2 10 6 4 20 19 44 44 14 12 17 13 4 32 9 23 53 40 13 27 26 31 18 13 3 r~ - 66 575 - 4 4 _ - 1 30 25 5 - 2 7 6 6 6 - “ - 4 4 2 2 22 22 28 28 $ 0. 70 and under . 80 $ 0. 80 $ 0. 90 . 90 “ - ' $ ~ 1. 30 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 % , $ $ $ 1. 90 2. 00 $ $ % 2. 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2. 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 and over $ 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 E n g in e e rs , s ta tio n a ry __ _____ „ _ ______ M anufacturing __ __ __ _ _______ _ __ __ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ____ ________ __ _______ R eta il tra d e __ __ __ ________ __ --------- 247 130 117 35 1. 1. 1. 2. F ir e m e n , s ta tion a ry b o ile r _ ___ _____________ __ M a n u fa c tu r in g _____ ____________________________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________________ 167 140 27 1. 38 1. 45 1. 00 H e lp e r s , tr a d e s , m ain ten an ce __ „ _ M a n u fa c tu r in g __________________________________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________________ 355 286 69 1. 57 1. 58 1. 50 M ach in ists, m ain ten an ce __ __ ____ ________ M a n u fa c tu r in g __ __ __ __ _____ ____*__ 193 173 2. 17 2. 16 _ _ - - - M e ch a n ics, a u tom otiv e (m aintenance) ________ M a n u fa c tu r in g __ „ __ ___________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________________ P u b lic u tilitie s * ___________________ _________ 428 110 318 287 1. 94 1. 87 1. 96 1 .9 6 . “ " “ ” 13 13 11 1 1 ~ 26 17 9 9 14 9 5 2 19 11 8 1 36 20 16 15 2 2 36 20 16 16 2 M e ch a n ics, m aintenance _ __ ___________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g __ _____________ ______________ 446 425 2. 08 2. 08 - - - - - 9 7 4 3 9 7 16 16 5 5 33 33 OLlers ______________________________________________ 129 125 1 .4 9 1. 51 _ 16 12 10 10 _ ~ 4 14 14 27 27 39 39 144 72 72 1. 88 2. 06 1. 70 - - - - - 4 4 10 10 12 26 M a n u fa c tu r in g ___ __ __________________________ P a in te r s , m aintenance _____ ___ __ M anufacturing N onm anufacturing __ _____ __ 76 74 78 07 - ~ 1 1 _ ' P ip e fit t e r s , m ain ten an ce _ ......... . M a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________________ __ 52 49 2 1 ■ 16 - 4 4 1 3 38 12 11 1 - ’ " 1 ----- 1— 1. 94 1 .91 1 1 1 3 " 3 3 2 " - - - ~ " " - - ■ - - “ 25 25 7 - 34 30 50 42 - 8 8 188 7 181 177 21 8 13 8 7 2 5 " 12 12 ~ 2 2 “ - - 16 35 4 31 30 “ " 56 55 79 79 25 25 32 32 11 7 9 9 158 147 4 4 3 3 3 3 . _ _ “ “ “ ~ “ 5 2 3 6 2 4 12 4 7 6 1 19 13 6 - 20 20 - 8 9_ n 29 " 16 1 1 " 3 - — ' E x clu d es p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and late s h ifts. W o r k e r s w e re a ll at $ 3 . T ra n sp o rta tio n (ex clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r pu b lic u tilitie s . 7 1 6 9 . 9 2. 10 - - - , - - - - - - “ ~ ' 5 5 1 1 1 1 14 14 10 10 4 4 9 9 2 2 3 3 3 O ccu p a tion a l Wage S u r v e y , N ew O r le a n s , L a ., N o v e m b e r 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s 9 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e h o u rly e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s 2 studied on an a r e a b a s is in N ew O r le a n s , L a ., by in d u stry d iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccu p a tion and in d u s try d iv is io n Number of workers Average hourly earnings $ 0 .4 0 $ 0 .5 0 " .5 0 .6 0 57 57 20 20 _ 85 85 31 31 74 74 3 3 _ 24 24 65 65 22 22 14 14 10 10 1 1 3 3 _ _ - - 4 4 143 143 13 6 7 $ 0 .3 0 and under .4 0 $ 0 .6 0 .7 0 0 .7 0 $ 0 .8 0 .8 0 .9 0 % E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (m e n ) ___________ 288 276 $ 0 .7 7 .7 5 E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (w o m e n ) 139 139 .59 .59 G u ards _ M an ufacturin g 256 72 184 1.11 1.58 .9 3 _ _ - - 2 ,0 3 9 541 1,498 125 .91 1 .20 .80 1.11 .7 0 46 112 _ _ 60 46 112 157 420 65 355 60 26 70 84 257 487 26 461 18 108 99 166 191 7 184 1 ............ _ .................. .............. . J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s (m e n ) ... ____ P u b lic u t i li t ie s * J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s (w o m e n ) ......... M an u factu rin g . N on m anufactur ing R eta il tra d e '.... . . . . _ . _ L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l handling ...... . ...... M an u factu rin g . _ N on m an u factu rin g _ ............ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ......... _ R e ta il tra d e O rd e r f i l l e r s .... ... .... M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g R etail tra d e _ _ . ............. . .. P a c k e r s , shipping (m en ) . __ M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g _ _ R e ta il trad e ... .... ....... P a c k e r s , shipping ( w o m e n ) ..... _ ... _ ........ _ R e c e iv in g c le r k s M an u factu rin g .... N on m an u factu rin g R eta il trad e ....................... _ Shipping c le r k s _____________ M an u factu rin g N on m anufactur ing _ . .. R etail tra d e ...... ....... .. ......... . ._ .............. ..... ____________________ .... ..... .......... _ 60 _ * 754 33 721 .307 .61 1.08 .5 9 .5 0 3 ,2 7 5 1 ,313 1,962 878 443 1. 16 1.22 1.12 1 .20 .9 8 693 53 640 71 1.26 .9 8 1.28 1.01 422 125 297 95 1.1 9 1 .28 1.1 5 1 .0 3 36 .92 218 72 146 52 1 .49 1.48 1 .50 1 .23 - - 243 72 171 42 1.48 1.4 6 1.49 1.29 _ - 157 91 136 _ _ _ _ 99 78 91 77 136 115 166 30 8 16 _ _ $ 1 .0 0 1 .0 0 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .30 $ 1 .4 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 * 1 .4 0 1 .50 11 5 6 5 2 3 2 2 105 33 72 3 29 164 83 81 27 20 95 16 79 62 2 168 153 15 10 1 43 21 22 4 3 55 50 5 21 3 18 1 13 17 10 7 4 13 6 7 1 1 1 - 72 3 69 334 111 223 480 377 103 1054 52 1002 713 41 _ 13 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1.6 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 $ 1.8 0 $ % $ 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10 - 1 .90 . 2.QQ... 2 . IQ JL.21L $ 1 .70 - _ 1 1 - - _ _ 26 6 20 1 1 19 19 12 10 2 12 12 56 48 8 1 56 46 10 15 _ _ _ _ 2 2 - 4 4 _ _ - - - - 162 75 87 2 48 265 225 40 3 17 252 214 38 81 55 26 193 71 122 102 70 60 10 10 8 8 31 17 25 31 1 80 4 76 3 17 2 25 1 11 61 22 22 8 8 11 1 61 8 $ 2 .2 0 - 2^ 10. $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 and over JL _ _ _ _ 2 _ 2 17 17 _ - - _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - - - - - - _ _ _ 20 10 35 10 20 10 35 10 15 - _ _ 8 16 8 16 54 72 37 278 70 208 58 134 8 47 15 32 56 6 50 16 32 12 20 12 122 7 115 16 119 5 114 7 29 29 3 52 4 48 2 4 11 4 4 11 69 19 50 27 37 6 31 16 52 4 48 19 56 8 48 8 42 20 22 6 44 38 6 6 1 1 1 17 7 5 8 - _ 21 7 14 13 18 13 5 4 14 6 8 8 23 7 16 4 14 6 8 7 • 16 7 9 4 19 2 17 1 5 3 2 2 48 10 38 10 10 - - i i - - _ _ 10 _ _ 1 1 18 18 8 24 8 16 2 38 25 13 8 17 29 9 20 4 38 12 26 9 19 2 17 1 10 3 7 1 8 4 4 1 3 3 4 4 2 2 10 8 5 - - - _ 10 8 5 8 8 _ _ _ 2 _ See fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le . * T r a n s p o rta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th er public u t ilit ie s . $ 0 .9 0 - 8 - - - 2 2 8 8 6 5 5 - - - 5 5 5 _ 1 _ _ 10 5 _ 5 _ 3 - 17 3. 10 _ 1 O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y , N ew O rle a n s , L a . , N o v e m b e r 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA BO R B u reau o f L a b or S ta tistics 10 T a b le A - 4 : C u sto d ia l a n d M a te ria l M o vem en t O c c u p a tio n s - C o n tin u ed (A v e r a g e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s 2 studied on an a r e a b a s is in New O r le a n s , L a . , by in d u stry d iv is io n , N o vem ber 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n $ 0 .3 0 and under .4 0 Average hourly earnings $ 0 .4 0 $ 0 .5 0 $ 0 .6 0 $ 0 .7 0 $ 0 .8 0 $ 0 .9 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 0 1 .0 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 Q 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 Q yex . 21 - 20 16 4 19 3 16 - 35 13 22 1 1 and $ S h i p p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k s ________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ R e t a il t r a d e _ ... T r u c k d r iv e r s 4 M a n u fa c t u r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t il it i e s * R e ta il t r a d e ___ _ ...... T r u c k d r i v e r s , l i g h t ( u n d e r l 1/?. t o n s ) M a n u fa c t u r in g _ ............... .............. N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ___ R e t a il t r a d e ....... _. _ 1 .4 7 1 .4 2 1 .5 1 1 .2 0 - - - - 2 ,2 1 5 423 1 ,7 9 2 615 441 1 .2 9 1 .3 7 1 .2 7 1 .4 3 1 .1 5 _ _ 4 - 8 - 4 _ 8 - 4 8 632 84 548 157 1 .2 2 1 .2 4 1 .2 2 1 .0 1 849 268 581 160 1 71 T r u c k d r iv e r s h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a ile r t y p e ) --------------------------------------------------------------^---------------M a n u fa c t u r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ P u b lic u t ilit ie s * .... T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , o th e r th a n t r a i l e r t y p e ) ... ........ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___ _ - - - 4 4 4 8 8 8 1 .2 4 1 .3 7 1 .1 9 1 .4 0 1 .2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - 539 60 479 330 1 .3 7 1 .5 4 1 .3 4 1 .3 7 _ 177 166 1 .5 1 1 .5 1 576 376 200 1 67 1 .4 6 1 .5 2 1 .3 4 1 .3 6 _ 95 1 .4 9 W a tch m en M a n u fa c t u r in g ........................ .. _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ............... P u b lic u t il it i e s * ..... ............ .. R e t a i l t r a d e .... . .. 672 130 542 94 50 .9 3 1 .1 6 .8 7 .9 6 .8 6 T r u c k d r iv e r s , m e d iu m 4 ton s) M a n u fa c tu r in g _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s * R e ta il tr a d e (1 l/z t o a n d i n c l u d i n g _ T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift) M a n u fa c t u r in g N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g . . .... P u b lic u t ilit ie s * T ru ck ers, _ _ 12 273 140 133 30 _ __________________ ____ ___ _ ..... .......... p o w e r (o th e r th a n fo r k lift ) - - - " - 4 4 _ 10 8 2 _ 161 8 153 _ - 46 . - 5 5 - - _ _ _ 4 _ - - _ - - 15 9 1 68 46 1 22 1 75 315 44 271 7 103 86 62 24 9 2 2 - 21 5 322 79 243 418 18 400 316 48 165 29 1 36 1 81 59 12 71 12 " 65 8 57 36 121 25 96 4 24 - 59 53 4 _ 5 3 2 - 62 5 57 - 94 34 60 - 159 30 129 - - - - 18 19 33 1 09 45 64 8 8 _ _ - _ - _ - - 3 3 - - - " " - 52 6 46 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - “ 15 13 2 _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - " - - . . _ _ 1 _ 11 _ 8 _ 65 - - - - - _ - 11 8 _ _ _ 65 30 10 4 E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and late s h ifts . Data lim it e d to m en w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o th e r w is e in d ica te d . W o r k e r s w e re a ll at $ 2 .4 0 to $ 2 .5 0 . Inclu des all d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f t r u c k o p e r a te d . * T ra n sp o rta tio n (e x clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 1 2 3 4 15 _ 9 3 2 99 3 96 28 - ' - 7 ---------5 ~ 1 63 3 60 5 19 2 17 160 2 158 98 48 24 24 - 84 6 78 30 22 22 7 4 36 28 8 27 27 - " 1 4 29 11 18 14 6 8 5 5 - - - - - - - " - - 95 51 44 _ 97 14 83 _ 269 30 239 230 72 51 21 _ 60 20 40 _ 8 8 _ _ 2 2 _ 2 2 _ _ 19 44 - - - 99 3 96 6 6 - . - _ _ 2 2 _ _ - - - - - ~ - - - - - _ _ _ _ - 40 40 - 5 5 - 2 2 _ _ _ - _ _ - - - 44 - - - - - - 234 16 218 218 18 2 16 4 4 4 2 2 3 1 2 21 5 16 23 13 10 4 4 - 2 2 - 2 2 - - ~ 85 1 84 80 - - - 60 60 21 15 25 25 5 5 5 5 32 30 105 5 100 92 91 20 71 63 66 65 1 24 24 91 91 31 26 - 11 11 _ _ _ - 5 13 1 12 12 59 59 - - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' ' - - - “ 21 16 34 13 21 12 1 21 20 1 18 4 14 6 6 12 12 5 _ 9 _ _ 1 1 2 _ 80 26 54 54 43 5 _ 52 8 44 _ 27 22 - - 41 33 8 - - 3 1 4 - - 12 11 1 1 - 51 _ - 17 5 4 22 10 3 7 12 - 8 21 12 • 3 19 19 . 25 4 - 29 10 24 _ 406 21 385 30 l6 9 16 8 8 " 20 15 5 5 . _ _ • 2 2 - - _ _ - _ - _ - - - _ - _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ . _ . 11 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary W age Provisions Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions 1 P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c tu r in g plan t w o r k e r s — (a) In e s ta b lis h m e n t s h avin g f o r m a l p r o v i s io n s f o r ---- Shift d iffe r e n t ia l S e c o n d sh ift w ork 7 1 .7 T h ir d o r o th e r sh ift w o r k 58. 7 (b) A c t u a lly w o rk in g on— S e c o n d sh ift 1 5 .4 v T h ir d o r o th e r s h ift 5. 5 W ith sh ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l ______ ______________________________ 5 3 .8 4 9 .4 11. 7 5 .2 U n ifo r m ce n ts (p e r h o u r ) ----------------------------------------------------- 5 3 .0 43 . 3 11. 7 4 .7 2 ce n ts ______ ________ ________ ________ ___________ 3 ce n ts ____________________________________________________ 4 ce n ts 5 ce n ts ____________________________________________________ 6 ce n ts _________________ _______________ ________ ____ 7 ce n ts _____________________________________________ ______ 7 /4 c e n ts ____ — _____ __ __ __ _____ __ ________ _ 8 c e n ts ______ _____ ____________ __ _____ ___________ 9 ce n ts _____________ ________ _________________________ 10 c e n t s ..................................................................... .................... 12 c e n ts ___ _ _ ^ 1 2 / 4 c e n t s ---------------- — ---------------------------------------- -----15 ce n ts ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 .3 2. 0 1 1 .9 1 0 .4 1 8 .0 F u ll d a y 's pay fo r re d u c e d h o u r s _________________________ O th er --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------N o sh ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l _____________________________________ _ - 3 .5 4 .4 1 .5 .8 1 7 .9 _ 1. 3 7. 0 1 1 .9 1. 7 . 1 2 .4 2. 7 3. 8 - - 1 .2 2. 0 1. 8 6.6 1. 0 5. 0 3 .5 1 .4 .9 - _ . 1 .6 1 .9 .4 _ .3 1. 1 . 1 .6 .2 - t .8 - 5. 3 - .5 9 .3 3 .7 . 3 1 Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o l ic y and (b) w o r k e r s a c t u a lly e m p lo y e d on s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . A n e s t a b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s id e r e d as h avin g a p o l ic y i f it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d i tio n s : (1) O p e ra te d late shifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r ( 2 ) had fo r m a l p r o v i s io n s c o v e r in g late s h ift s . | L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t . O cc u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , N ew O r le a n s , L a . , N o v e m b e r 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a tis tic s late 12 Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 Num ber of e stablishm ents with s p e cifie d m inim um hiring rate in— M anufacturing M inim um rate (weekly salary) E stablishm ents s tu d ie d _______________________________________ A ll industrie s 154 Number of esta b lish m en ts with s p e c ifie d m inim um hiring rate in— M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing B ased on standard w eekly hours 2 of— A ll schedules 40 A ll schedules 53 XXX 101 B ased on standard w eekly hours 2 of---- A ll industrie s 40 XXX 154 N onm anufacturing A ll schedule s 40 A ll schedules 40 53 XXX 101 XXX FOR OTHER IN EXPERIENCED C L E R IC A L WORKERS FOR INEXPERIENCED TYPISTS 26 1 3 4 11 5 6 3 1 2 - 2 4 8 4 4 2 1 1 - 15 12 33 24 54 1 1 5 7 9 _ 14 5 2 _ 3 1 _ _ 1 3 _ 6 2 1 1 1 _ _ 1 2 _ 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 6 6 _ 8 3 1 2 - _ 5 4 5 _ 6 2 1 1 - 1 3 5 12 7 13 4 3 4 2 E stablishm ents having no s p e c ifie d m inim um ______ ________ 39 16 XXX 23 XXX 48 21 XXX 27 XXX E stablishm ents which did not em ploy w ork ers in this c a t e g o r y ________ _____________________________________ 66 22 XXX 44 XXX 51 14 XXX 37 XXX ____________________________________________ 1 XXX 1 XXX 1 - XXX 1 XXX $ 25 .00 and $27. 50\and $30. OO'and $ 3 2<, 50 and $ 35 o00 and $ 37 .50 and $ 40 .00 and $ 4 2 .50 and $45. 0 0 and $47 .50 and $50 .00 and $ 5 2. 50 and $55. 00 and under under under under under under under under under under unde r under over Data not available 15 36 48 $ 27.5 0 __________________________________ \j? 3 0. 0 0 _____ _____________ *______________ $32. 50 __________________________________ $35. 00 __________________________________ $37. 50 _________________________________ $ 4 0 .0 0 _________________________ ______ $ 4 2 .5 0 _________________________________ $ 4 5 .0 0 _________________________________ $47. 50 ___________________ __ _ ______ $ 5 0 .0 0 _________________________________ $ 5 2 .5 0 _________________________ ______ $ 5 5 „ 00 _ __ _ ................ ____________________________________ ______ E stablishm ents having a sp e c ifie d m in im u m ________________ 18 1 1 2 _ 7 1 2 2 2 1 i ' _ 1 1 1 5 1 2 2 2 _ L ow est sala ry rate fo rm a lly esta b lish ed fo r hiring in ex p erien ced w ork ers for typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s . Hours re fle ct the w orkw eek fo r which em p loy ees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e salaries,, Data a re presented for all w orkweeks com bin ed and fo r the m ost com m on w orkw eek re p o rte d . Occupational Wage S urvey, New O rlea n s, L a. , N ovem ber 1955 U .S , DE PA RTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau of L abor S tatistics 13 Table B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours 1 PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EM PLOYED IN — W eekly hours All 2 industries Manufacturing Public utilities * Retail trade PERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN— Finance All industries Manufacturing Public utilities * Retail trade __ __ — __ __ — — — — - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Under 3 7 12 /z hours „ __ — — __ — __ — __ _ 3 3 7 l/z hou rs „ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ O v er 3 7 V 2 and under 40 hou rs __ __ __ _______ 40 hours __ __ __ __ _______ __ __ __ — _ O v er 40 and under 44 h o u r s ___ __ __ __ __ _ 44 hou rs __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ____ ___ __ O v er 44 and under 48 hours _______ ___ __ _ 48 hours __ __ __ __ __ _____ __ __ __ __ _ O v er 48 and under 50 hours __ __ __ __ __ __ _ 50 hou rs __ __ ____ __ __ __ __ _____ _ O v er 50 hours __ __ __ __ ____ ____ _____ 3 15 5 66 4 4 3 t - t 5 5 79 6 3 t - 6 46 8 39 _ - t 7 t 65 9 4 12 t - t t 67 5 t t 95 t 6 3 t 82 _ 7 13 t t t t “ 38 19 t 6 26 - A ll w o rk e rs __ 1 2 3 t * 5 5 ■ 4 5 Data rela te to w om en w ork ers on ly. Includes data fo r w h olesa le trade; fin a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry division s shown se p a ra te ly . Includes data fo r w h olesale tra d e, re a l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown se p a ra te ly , L e s s than 2 .5 p e rce n t. i T ra n sp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. Table B4: Paid Holidays1 PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EM PLOYED IN — Item A ll w o r k e r s __ ______ __ W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n p a id h o lid a y s __ __ __ L e s s th a n 5 h o lid a y s 5 h o lid a y s __ __ __ F u ll d a y s o n ly „ P lu s 6 h o lid a F u ll P lu s P lu s 1 ha ys days 1 ha 2 ha lf d a y __ „ o n ly lf d a y lf d a y s P lu s 4 h a lf d a y s 7 h o lid a y s __ __ „ F u ll d a y s o n ly P lu s 1 h a lf d a y 8 All 2 industries d a y s o n ly 1 h a lf d a y 2 h a lf d a y s ys _ Finance Manufacturing Public £ utilities Retail trade — _ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 t s p r o v id in g ______ __ ___________ __ __ ___________ __ __ __ ______ __ __ __ __ ______ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ _ _ _ 100 100 100 100 79 - t - 11 - 88 16 - __ __ __ __ __ __ ______ ___ __ ______ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ ______ __ __ _ ______ ___ __ _ ______ __ __ _ __ __ __________ t 64 42 t t t - - - 77 10 4 3 68 t t t - - 55 32 85 38 5 t t t ______ ______ 3 14 12 16 _ 18 18 - __ __ 79 6 - 64 64 _ ---------- __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ..... __ __ __ __ ______ __ __ ____ __ ..... 1 _ _ _____ ______ __ _ .... ____ ........ . F u ll d a y s o n ly _ P lu s 1 h a lf d a y __ __ __ __ __ P lu s 2 h a lf d a y s .......... . 10 h o lid a y s ______ __ __ __ __ __ ______ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id h o lid a y s _____ _____ ____ ___ __ __ days Retail trade PERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN— All 3 industries __ __ P lu s 2 h a lf d a y s h o lid a y s F u ll P lu s P lu s 9 h o lid a Manufacturing Public utilities * __ _ 17 t t t 18 20 18 8 30 26 4 30 9 15 5 11 - t 8 3 2 _ _ t t t _____ t __ 17 16 - - 19 8 8 - - t 5 4 t t 10 10 4 4 t 40 36 t t t 12 11 - t 11 11 - t t - t t 29 29 - t t 13 13 10 10 - 32 32 27 3 3 - t t 27 - - 9 9 _ - - - - - - t 23 32 21 12 E stim a tes rela te to fu ll-d a y holid a ys provided annually, as in e a r lie r stu d ie s. T hese are furth er divided betw een w o rk e rs who r e c e iv e m e re ly the indicated num ber of fu ll-d a y h o liand those who r e c e iv e 1 o r m o r e half holidays in addition. 2 Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry division s shown s e p a ra te ly. 3 Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e, rea l estate, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry division s shown s e p a ra te ly. t L e ss than 2 .5 p e r c e n t. O ccupational Wage Survey, New O rleans, L a ., N ovem ber 1955 T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR for* FRASER Bureau of Labor Statistics Digitized 14 Table &-& Pgid V acations PERCENT OF OFFICE W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN — V acation p olicy All industries A ll w ork ers _____________________________________ 1 Manufacturing Public utilities * Retail trade P E R C E N T OF PLA N T W ORKERS EM PLO YED IN — Finance All 2 industries Manufacturing Public utilities * Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 - 99 99 - 100 100 99 99 - 91 88 3 88 82 6 99 99 - 94 92 t t t t 9 12 t 6 t t 65 t . 79 _ 8 51 _ 38 11 t 57 t 32 3 METHOD OF PA YM E N T W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providing paid v a c a t io n s _______________________________________ L e n g th -of-tim e paym ent P ercen tag e paym ent W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providing no paid vacations _________________________________ - AMOUNT OF VACATION PA Y A fter 1 yea r o f s e rv ice Under 1 week 1 week . ... . _ Over 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 weeks .. . _.... . .. Over 2 and under 3 w eeks . ........... ...... . .. .. . ... t . 25 22 t 77 73 28 _ 71 t t 54 t 42 t 22 4 o A fter 2 y ea rs o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek _. 1 week _ Over 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 weeks Over 2 and under 3 w eeks t ......... . . .... _ _ 13 18 - t - _ 85 t 81 - 99 t _ . t 29 t 67 t 47 4 35 4 63 7 17 - 23 t 34 4 49 4 37 7 43 - 15 t _ 66 11 t 41 t 48 3 A fter 3 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek ___________________________________ 1 week _ .. _ .............. _... ... Over 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 weeks ... .............. Over 2 and under 3 w eeks _ t 84 - 99 t t 25 t 71 t 4 4 _ 17 13 t - _ t 90 t 91 82 t 79 - 4 t 17 t 4 10 15 - f 89 t - - 11 t 41 t 48 3 7 9 28 _ _ 72 81 t 79 4 _ 11 _ 74 A fter 5 y ea rs o f s e r v ic e Under 1 week 1 week Over 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 weeks .... .... Over 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 weeks ...... t ... _. t t t See fo o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le . O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , N ew O r le a n s , L a . , N o v e m b e r 1955 * T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s . NOTE: In the ta b u la tio n s o f v a c a t io n a llo w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n ts o th e r than ’ ’le n g th o f t im e , " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f ann ual e a r n in g s o r f la t - s u m p a y m e n t s , w e r e c o n v e r t e d to an e q u iv a le n t tim e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f ann ual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k ’ s p a y . t 61 3 t U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s 15 Table B-5: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN— PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EM PLOYED IN— V a c a t io n p o l i c y All . industries 1 ____ 100 U n d er 1 w e e k _________________________________________________ 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _____________________________ 2 w e e k s __________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d er 3 w e e k s _______________________________ 3 w e e k s ______ ____________________ ________________________ t _ _ t t _ _ t 4 4 13 6 9 28 t - 17 - t t - - t 85 77 82 79 79 61 - t - 11 3 9 18 t 70 4 4 75 t 6 t - A ll w o r k e r s ____ ______________________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities * Retail trade 100 100 100 Finance All , industries ^ 100 Manufacturing 100 Public utilities* 100 Retail trade 100 A M O U N T O F V A C A T IO N P A Y - C o n tin u e d A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 17 - A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n der 1 w e e k _____________________________________ ______ 1 w e e k ____________________________________________________________ O v er 1 and under 2 w eek s 2 w eeks O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s __ ________________________ 3 w eeks t _ _ t t _ _ 4 4 17 13 6 9 t . - t t - _ t 56 47 34 69 43 t - t t 6 8 11 39 48 65 11 29 56 3 4 44 3 34 72 t 28 A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d er 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ 1 w eek O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s 2 w e e k s ______ _______________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s 3 w eeks _ _ .. . .. 4 w e e k s and o v e r . t _ t t _ _ 4 4 13 6 9 t _ - 17 - t t - - t 52 t 39 4 44 31 66 41 7 _ t t 6 52 3 46 5 64 5 14 " 30 _ t 42 3 33 3 69 4 11 t 28 8 - A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d er 1 w e e k ............................................ 1 w eek _ . . O v e r 1 a n d u n d er 2 w e e k s _ ____ 2 w eeks. . _ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ____ _ 3 w eeks _ 4 w e e k s and o v e r * t * ... _ . ... _ . ... t t 17 13 6 9 - - t t - - t 50 44 23 66 41 _ t t 11 31 13 31 3 20 72 5 6 26 42 3 30 7 t 11 5 6 52 3 4 4 4 t In c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a l e trade*, fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to t h o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly . I n c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n t o th o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly . L e s s than 2 . 5 p e r c e n t . T r a n s p o r t a t io n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s . _ _ t 4 69 4 t 28 16 Table & 6: H ealth, Insurance, an d Pension Plans PERCENT OF OFFICE W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN — T y p e o f pla n All , industries A l l w o r k e r s _______________________________ ;________ Manufacturing Public utilities * 100 100 100 Retail trade PER C E N T OF P LA NT W O RKERS E M PLO YED IN — Finance 100 All 2 industries 100 v Manufacturing 100 Public utilities * 100 Retail trade 100 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e . A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o th 3 .............. . S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e _________ S ic k le a v e (fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r i o d ) _ _ ...... ...... S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t ia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r i o d ) ________ ____ ____________ H o s p it a liz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ____________________ S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ___________________ _____ M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e _______________________ _________ C a ta s tr o p h e i n s u r a n c e _______________________ R e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n No h e a lth , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p lan ___ __ 89 85 99 83 74 74 84 74 43 55 10 45 42 49 23 41 51 23 71 42 59 7 50 27 62 50 79 72 49 12 48 37 25 35 29 13 8 7 7 6 9 67 63 41 14 50 64 63 41 8 43 26 66 62 54 19 78 14 50 40 32 16 28 8 55 47 30 8 34 3 60 53 30 4 33 34 43 43 43 27 72 8 47 34 26 7 27 5 8 f 14 17 14 16 21 - I n c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to th o s e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a t e l y . 2 I n c lu d e s data f o r w h o le s a le t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v i c e s in a d d itio n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d iv is io n s sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly . 3 t * U n d u p lica te d to t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s ic k n e s s an d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly b e lo w . L e s s than 2 . 5 p e r c e n t , T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s . O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u r v e y , N ew O r le a n s , L a . , N o v e m b e r 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s 17 .Appendix: Job Descriptions The prim ary purpose o f preparing job d escrip tion s for the B u reau's wage surveys is to a s s is t its field staff in cla ssifyin g into appropriate occu pations w ork ers who are em ployed under a va riety of payroll titles and different w ork arrangem ents fro m establishm ent to establishm ent and fro m area to a rea . This is essen tial in ord er to p erm it the grouping o f occupational wage ra tes representing com parable job content. B ecause o f this em phasis on inter establishm ent and in tera rea com parability of occupational content, the B ureau1s job d escription s m ay d iffer sig n ifi cantly fro m those in use in individual establishm ents o r th ose p rep ared for other p u rp oses. In applying these job d escrip tion s, the B ureau's fie ld rep resen ta tiv es are instructed to exclude w o rk ing s u p e rv is o rs, apprentices, le a r n e r s , begin n ers, tra in e e s, handicapped w o rk e rs , p a rt-tim e , tem p ora ry , and probationary w o rk e rs . Office B IL E E R , MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued P r e p a re s statem ents, b ills , and in voices on a machine other than an ord in a ry or e le ctr o m a tic typew riter. May a lso keep re c o rd s as to b illin gs o r shipping ch a rg es or p erform other c le r ic a l w ork in cidental to billin g op e ra tio n s. F or wage study p u rp oses, b ille r s , m ach ine, arq c la s s ifie d by type o f m achine, as follow s: C la ss A - Keeps a set o f re c o r d s requiring a knowledge o f and ex p e rie n ce in b a sic bookkeeping p rin cip les and fam iliarity with the stru ctu re o f the particu lar accounting system used. D eter m ines p rop er r e c o rd s and distribution o f debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase o f the w ork. May prepare consolidated r e p o r ts , balance sheets, and other r e c o r d s by hand. B ille r , m achine (billin g -machine) - Uses a specia l billing m achine (M oon H opkins, E lliott F ish er, B urroughs, e tc. , which a re com bination typing and adding m achines) to prepare b ills and in v oices fr o m c u s to m e r s 1 purchase o rd e r s , internally prep ared o r d e r s , shipping m em oran da, etc. Usually involves application o f p red eterm in ed discou n ts and shipping charges and entry o f n e c e s s a r y exten sion s, which may or may not be com puted on the billin g m ach ine, and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m ach ine. The op era tion usually involves a large number o f ca rb on co p ie s o f the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold m ach ine. C la ss B - Keeps a r e c o r d o f one o r m ore phases or sections o f a set o f r e c o r d s usually requiring little knowledge o f b a sic b ook k eeping. P h ases or section s include accounts payable, p ayroll, c u s to m e r s 1 accounts (not including a sim ple type o f billing d e scrib e d under b ille r , m achine), co s t distribution, expense distribution, in ven tory co n tro l, etc. May ch eck or a ss is t in preparation of trial b alan ces and prepare con trol sheets fo r the accounting departm ent. B ille r , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) - U ses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E lliott F ish er, Remington Rand, e t c . , which m ay or m ay not have typ ew riter keyboard) to p rep are cu s to m e r s 1 b ills as part o f the accou n ts receiv a b le operation. G enerally in volves the sim ultaneous entry of figu res on cu s to m e r s 1 led ger record . The m achine autom atically accum ulates figu res on a num ber o f v e r tic a l colum ns and com putes and usually prints auto m a tica lly the debit o r cre d it balan ces. Does not involve a knowl edge o f bookkeepin g. W orks from uniform and standard types o f sa le s and cr e d it s lip s . BOOKKEEPING-M ACHINE OPERATOR O perates a bookkeeping machine (Rem ington Rand, E lliott F is h e r , Sundstrand, B u rrough s, National Cash R egister, with or with out a typ ew riter k eyboard) to keep a r e c o r d o f business tran saction s. CLERK, ACCOUNTING C la ss A - Under general d irection o f a bookkeeper or a ccou n t ant, has re sp on sib ility fo r keeping one or m ore sections o f a c o m plete set o f books or re c o rd s relating to one phase o f an estab lish m e n t s business tran saction s. W ork involves posting and balancing su bsid ia ry led g er or led g ers such as accounts receivab le or a c counts payable; examining and coding in v oices or vouchers with p rop er accounting distribution; req u ires judgment and experien ce in making p rop er assignations and a lloca tion s. May a ssist in p rep arin g, adjusting, and closin g journal en tries; may d irect cla ss B accounting c le r k s . C la ss B - Under su pervision , p e rfo rm s one or m ore routine accounting operation s such as posting sim ple journal vou ch ers, accou n ts payable vou ch ers, entering vou ch ers in voucher re g is te r s; re co n cilin g bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by gen eral le d g e r s . This* job does not requ ire a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping p rin cip les but is found in o ffice s in which the m o re routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a fun c tional b asis among severa l w o rk e rs . 18 CLERK, FILE C lass A - R espon sible for maintaining and establish ed filing system . C la ssifies and indexes corresp on d en ce or other m aterial; may a lso file this m a terial. May keep re c o rd s o f various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating m aterial in the file s . May p erform incidental c le r ic a l duties. C lass B - P e rfo rm s routine filin g, usually o f m a terial that has already been c la s s ifie d , or loca tes or a ssists in locating m a teria l in the file s . May p erform incidental c le r ic a l duties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives cu stom ers* ord ers for m a terial or m erch an dise by m a il, phone, or p erson ally. Duties involve any com bination of the follow in g: Quoting p rice s to cu stom ers; making out an ord er sheet listing the item s to make up the ord er; checking p r ic e s and quantities of items on ord er sheet; distributing ord er sheets to resp ective d e partments to be filled . May ch eck with cred it departm ent to d e te r mine credit rating of cu stom er, acknowledge receip t o f ord e rs from cu stom ers, follow up ord ers to see that they have been fille d , keep file of o rd ers re c e iv e d , and check shipping in voices with original o rd e rs. KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general su pervision and with no su p ervisory re s p o n s i b ilitie s , record s accounting and statistical data on tabulating card s by punching a s e rie s of holes in the ca rd s in a sp e cifie d sequ en ce, using an alphabetical or a n u m erica l key-punch m ach ine, follow ing written inform ation on r e c o r d s . M ay duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to m ach ine. Keeps file s of punch ca rd s. May v e rify own w ork or w ork o f oth ers. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL P erform s various routine duties such as running e rra n d s, operating m inor office m achines such as s e a le rs or m a ile r s , opening and distributing m a il, and other m in or c le r ic a l w ork. SECRETARY P erform s secre ta ria l and c le r ic a l duties fo r a su p erior in an adm inistrative or executive p osition . Duties include making appoint ments fo r su perior; receivin g p eople com ing into o ffice ; answering and making phone ca lls; handling p e rson a l and im portant or c o n fi dential m a il, and writing routine co rre sp o n d e n ce on own initiative; taking dictation (where tran scrib in g m achine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ila r m ach in e, and tran scrib in g d icta tion or the record ed inform ation rep rod u ced on a tran scrib in g m achine. May prepare special reports or m em oran da fo r inform ation of su p e rio r. CLERK, PAYRO LL STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Computes wages of com pany em ployees and enters the n e c e s sary data on the p a yroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers* earnings based on time or production r e c o r d s ; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w o r k e r ’s nam e, working days, tim e, rate, deductions fo r insu ran ce, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ss is t paym aster in making up and d is tributing pay en velopes. May use a calculating m achine. P rim ary duty is to take dictation fro m one or m o re p e rs o n s, either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ila r m ach ine, involving a norm al routine vocabulary, and to tra n scrib e this dictation on a ty p e w rite r. May a lso type from w ritten cop y. M ay a lso set up and keep file s in o rd e r, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc. D oes not include tran scribin g-m ach in e w ork (see tra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to r). COMPTOMETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL P rim a ry duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p e rfo rm m athe m atical com putations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of c le rk , which m ay involve frequent use of a C om ptom eter but, in which, use of this m achine is incidental to perform an ce of other duties. P rim ary duty is to take dictation fro m one or m o re p e rs o n s , either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ila r m ach in e, involving a va ried technical or sp ecia lized vocab u la ry such as in legal b rie fs or rep orts on scien tific re se a rch and to tra n scrib e this dictation on a typ ew riter. May a lso type fro m w ritten cop y. May a lso set up and keep file s in o rd e r , keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc. D oes not include tran scribin g-m ach in e w ork . DU PLICA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under general su pervision and with no su p ervisory re sp o n s ib ilitie s , rep rod u ces m ultiple cop ies of typewritten or handwritten m atter, using a m im eograph or ditto m achine. Makes n e ce s s a ry ad justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylin der speed. Is not requ ired to prepare sten cil or ditto m a ste r. May keep file of used stencils or ditto m a ste rs . May s o rt, co lla te , and staple c o m pleted m a terial. Operates a sin gle- or m u ltip le -p o sitio n telephone sw itchboard. Duties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls . May r e c o rd toll ca lls and take m e s s a g e s . M ay give in fo r m ation to persons who call in, o r o cc a s io n a lly take telephone o r d e r s . F o r w ork ers who a lso act as re ce p tio n ists see sw itchboard o p e ra to rrecep tion ist. 19 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATO R, GENERAL - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPER A TO R-R EC E PTIO N IST tion type This tim e In addition to p erform in g duties of op era tor, on a single p o s i o r m on itor-typ e sw itchboard, acts as reception ist and may a lso or p e rfo rm routine c le r ic a l w ork as part o f regu lar duties. typing or c le r ic a l w ork m ay take the m ajor part o f this w o rk e rrs w hile at sw itch board. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR O perates m achine that autom atically analyzes and translates inform ation punched in grou ps of tabulating card s and prints tra n s lated data on fo rm s o r accounting re c o rd s ; sets or adjusts m achine; does sim ple w irin g o f plugboards accordin g to established p ra ctice o r d ia gra m s; p la ces ca rd s to be tabulated in feed m agazine and starts m ach ine. May file ca rd s after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate a u xilia ry m a ch in es. included. A w orker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype o r sim ila r machine is c la s s ifie d as a stenographer, gen eral. TYPIST U ses a typew riter to make co p ie s o f various m aterial or to make out b ills after calcu lations have been made by another person . May do c le r ic a l w ork involving little special training, such as keep ing sim ple r e c o r d s , filing r e c o r d s and re p o rts or sorting and d is tributing incom ing m a il. C lass A - P e r fo r m s one o r m ore o f the follow ing; Typing m aterial in final fo rm fro m v e ry rough and involved draft; cop y ing fr o m plain or c o r r e c te d copy in which there is a frequent and va rie d use o f techn ical and unusual w ords or from fo re ig n language copy; com bining m a terial fro m severa l sou rces, or planning layout o f com p licated statistical tables to maintain uni fo rm ity and balance in spacing; typing tables fro m rough draft in final fo rm . May type routine fo rm le tte rs , varying details to suit circu m s ta n ce s. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATO R, GENERAL P r im a r y duty is to tra n scrib e dictation involving a n orm al routine vocab u la ry fro m tran scrib in g machine r e c o r d s . May also type fro m w ritten cop y and do sim ple c le r ic a l w ork. W ork ers tran scrib in g dictation involving a v a ried technical or sp ecia lized vocab u la ry such as legal b r ie fs o r rep orts on scien tific re s e a rc h are not Professional DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (A ssistan t draftsm an) Draws to sca le units or parts o f drawings prepared by d ra fts man o r oth ers fo r en gin eering, construction, or m anufacturing p u r p o s e s . U ses va riou s types o f drafting tools as req u ired. May p r e pare drawings fro m sim ple plans or sketches, or p e rfo rm other duties under d irection o f a draftsm an . DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and d ir e cts a ctivities o f one or m ore draftsm en in p reparation o f w orking plans and detail drawings from rough or p r e lim in ary sketches fo r en gineering, construction, o r manufacturing p u rp o se s. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: Interpreting blu ep rin ts, sketch es, and w ritten or verbal o rd e r s; determ ining w ork p ro c e d u re s ; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their w ork; p erform in g m ore d ifficu lt p ro b le m s . May a ssist subordinates during C la ss B - P e r fo r m s one o r m o re o f the following; Typing fro m re la tiv ely cle a r or typed drafts; routine typing o f fo rm s , insurance p o lic ie s , e t c . ; setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying m ore com p lex tables already set up and spaced p rop erly. and Technical DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued e m e rg e n cie s o r as a regular assignm ent, o r p e rfo rm related duties o f a s u p e rv iso ry or adm inistrative nature. DRAFTSM AN, SENIOR P r e p a re s working plans and detail drawings fro m notes, rough o r detailed sketches fo r engineering, con struction, or manu facturing p u rp o se s. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: P rep a rin g working plans, detail draw ings, m aps, c r o s s -s e c tio n s , e tc., to scale by use o f drafting instrum ents; making engineering com puta tions such as those involved in strength o f m aterials, beam s and tr u s s e s ; verifyin g com pleted w ork, checking dim ensions, m aterials to be u sed , and quantities; writing sp ecifica tion s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or sp e cifica tio n s. May ink in lines and letters on p en cil draw ings, p repare detail units o f com plete drawings, or tra ce draw in gs. W ork is frequently in a specia lized field such as a rch itectu ra l, e le c tr ic a l, m echan ical, or structural drafting. 20 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued A re g is te re d nurse who gives nursing se rv ice to ill or injured em ployees or other person s who becom e ill or suffer an accident on the p rem ises o f a fa ctory or other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination o f the follow in g: Giving fir s t aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent d ressin g of e m p lo y e e s1 in ju ries; keeping re c o rd s of patients treated; preparing accident rep orts for com pensation or other p urposes; conducting physical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants and em p loy ees; and planning and ca rryin g out p rogram s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environm ent, o r other a ctivities safety o f all person nel. Maintenance affectin g the health, w e lfa re , and TRACER Copies plans and drawings p rep a red by oth ers, by placing tracing cloth o r paper over drawing and tracin g with pen or p en cil. U ses T -s q u a re , com pass, and other drafting to o ls . May prepare sim ple drawings and do sim ple le tte rin g . nd Powerplant CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY P e r fo r m s the carpen try duties n e ce s s a ry to con struct and maintain in good rep a ir building w oodw ork and equipment such as bins, cr ib s , cou n ters, bench es, partition s, d o o rs , flo o r s , stairs, ca sin gs, and trim made o f wood in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning and laying out o f w ork fro m blueprints, draw ings, m od els, or verba l instru ction s; using a va riety of carpenter *s handtools, portable power to o ls, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions o f work; selecting m aterials n e ce s s a ry for the w ork. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance carpenter req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent tra in ing and ex p erien ce. Operates and maintains and m ay a lso su pervise the operation o f stationary engines and equipment (m ech anical o r e le c tr ic a l) to sup ply the establishm ent in which em ployed with pow er, heat, r e fr ig e r a tion, or air conditioning. W ork in v olv es: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam en gin es, air c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e ra to rs, m o to r s , turbines, ventilating and re frig e ra tin g equipm ent, steam b o ile rs and b o ile r -fe d water pumps; making equipment re p a ir s; keeping a r e c o r d o f operation of m ach inery, tem p era tu re, and fuel con su m p tion. May also supervise these o p era tion s. Head or ch ie f en gin eers in establishm ents employing m o re than one engineer are e xclu d ed . ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE P e r fo r m s a va riety o f e le c tr ic a l trade functions such as the installation, m aintenance, or rep air o f equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization o f e le c tr ic energy in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Installing or repairing any o f a variety o f e le c tr ic a l equipment such as gen era tors, tra n sfo rm e rs, sw itchboards, c o n tr o lle rs , circu it b rea k ers, m o to rs, heating units, conduit system s, or other tra n sm ission equipment; working fro m blu e prints, draw ings, layout, or other sp ecifica tion s; locating and diag nosing trouble in the e le c tr ic a l system or equipment; working standard com putations relating to load requ irem en ts o f w iring or e le ctr ic a l equipment; using a va riety o f electricia n *s handtools and m easuring and testing instrum ents. In gen eral, the w ork o f the maintenance e le ctricia n req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually a c quired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER F ire s stationary b o ile rs to furnish the establishm ent in which em ployed with heat, pow er, or steam . F eeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stok er, gas, o r o il burn er; ch ecks water and safety va lv es. May clean, o il, o r a ss is t in repairin g b o ile r ro o m equipment. H ELPE R , TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or m o re w o rk e rs in the sk illed m aintenance trad es, by perform ing s p e cific o r gen eral duties o f le s s e r skill, such as keeping a w orker supplied with m a teria ls and to o ls; cleaning w o r k ing area , m achine, and equipment; a ssistin g w ork er by holding m a te ria ls or tools; perform ing other unskilled tasks as d ire cte d by jo u r neym an. The kind of work the helper is perm itted to p e rfo rm v a rie s fro m trade to trade: In som e trad es the h elper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding m a terials and to o ls and cleaning w orking a re a s; and in others he is perm itted to p e rfo rm sp e cia lize d m achine op era tion s, or parts o f a trade that a re a lso p e rfo rm e d by w o rk e rs on a fu ll-tim e b a sis. 21 M ACHINE-TOOL O P E R A TO R , TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE S p ecia lizes in the operation o f one or m ore types o f machine to o ls, such as jig b o r e r s , cy lin d rica l or surface grin d e rs, engine lath es, o r m illin g m achines in the construction o f m ach ine-sh op to o ls, gauges, jig s , fix tu res, or d ie s . W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Planning and p erform in g difficu lt machining operations; p ro ce ssin g item s requ irin g com p lica ted setups or a high degree o f a ccu ra cy ; using a v a riety o f p re c is io n m easuring instrum ents; selectin g feed s, speed s, toolin g and op era tion sequence; making n e ce s s a r y adjust m ents during operation to ach ieve requisite toleran ces or dim en sion s. May be re q u ired to re co g n ize when tools need dressin g, to d re ss to o ls, and to s e le ct p rop er coolan ts and cutting and lubricating o ils . F or c r o s s -in d u s tr y wage study p u rp oses, m ach in e-tool o p era tors, to o lro o m , in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ss ifica tio n . R epairs m ach inery or m echan ical equipment of an establish m ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Examining machines and m echan ical equipment to diagnose sou rce o f trouble; dismantling or partly dism antling m achines and p erform in g rep a irs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or d efective parts with item s obtained fro m stock; ordering the production o f a replacem en t part by a m achine shop or sending of the m achine to a m achine shop fo r m a jor re p a irs; preparing written sp ecifica tion s fo r m a jor rep a irs o r for the production of parts ord ered from m achine shop; rea ssem blin g m achines; and making all n ecessa ry adjustm ents for operation . In gen eral, the w ork o f a maintenance m echanic req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship o r equivalent training and experien ce. E xcluded fro m this cla ss ifica tio n are w ork ers whose prim ary duties involve setting up o r adjusting m ach in es. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE MILLWRIGHT P r o d u ce s rep lacem en t parts and new parts in making rep a irs o f m etal parts o f m echan ical equipment operated in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost o f the follow ing: Interpreting written in stru c tions and sp e cifica tio n s; planning and laying out o f w ork; using a v a rie ty o f m a ch in ist’ s handtools and p recision m easuring instrum ents; setting up and op erating standard machine tools; shaping o f m etal parts to c lo s e to le ra n ce s ; making standard shop com putations r e la t ing to dim ensions o f w ork, toolin g, feeds and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the w orking p rop erties of the com m on m etals; selecting standard m a te ria ls, p a rts, and equipment requ ired for his w ork; fitting and assem b lin g parts into m echanical equipment. In gen eral, the m a ch in ist’ s w ork n orm a lly req u ires a rounded training in m ach ineshop p ra ctice usually a cq u ired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex p e rie n ce . Installs new m achines or heavy equipment and dism antles and installs m achines o r heavy equipment when changes in the plant la y out are re q u ire d . W ork involves m ost o f the follow in g; Planning and laying out o f the w ork; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a v a riety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop co m putations relating to s tr e s s e s , strength o f m a teria ls, and centers o f gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selectin g standard tools, equipm ent, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good o rd e r pow er tra n sm ission equipment such as d rives and speed r e d u ce rs. In gen eral, the m illw righ t’ s w ork n orm ally req u ires a rounded training and exp erien ce in the trade acquired through a form al appren ticesh ip o r equivalent training and ex p e rie n ce . OILER MECHANIC, AUTOM OTIVE (MAINTENANCE) R ep a irs a u tom obiles, b u s e s , m otortru cks, and tr a c to rs o f an establish m en t. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g: Examining autom otive equipment to diagnose sou rce o f trouble; disassem bling equipment and p erform in g re p a irs that involve the use o f such handto o ls as w ren ch es, gau ges, d r ills , or sp ecia lized equipment in d is assem blin g or fitting p arts; replacin g broken or defective parts fro m stock; grinding and adjusting v a lv es; reassem blin g and installing the variou s a ss e m b lie s in the veh icle and making n ece ssa ry adjustm ents; alining w h eels, adjusting b ra k es and lights, or tightening to d y b o lts. In gen eral, the w ork o f the autom otive m echanic re q u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form al a pp ren tice ship o r equivalent training and exp erien ce. L u b rica tes, with oil or g r e a s e , the moving parts or wearing su rfaces o f m echanical equipment o f an establishm ent. PA IN TE R , MAINTENANCE Paints and re d e co ra te s w a lls, w oodw ork, and fixtures of an establish m en t. W ork involves the follow ing: Knowledge o f surface p e cu lia rities and types o f paint req u ired for different applications; preparing su rface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or fille r in nail h oles and in te rs tice s ; applying paint with spray gun or b ru sh . May m ix c o lo r s , o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain p rop er c o lo r or con sisten cy . In general, the w ork o f the maintenance painter re q u ire s rounded training and e x p erien ce usually acqu ired through a form a l apprenticeship or equiva lent training and e x p erien ce. 22 PIPE FIT TE R , MAINTENANCE SHEET-MET^AL WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued Installs or rep a irs w ater, steam , gas, o r other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the f o l lowing: Laying out of w ork and m easu rin g to locate p osition o f pipe from drawings or other w ritten sp ecifica tion s; cutting various sizes of pipe to c o r r e c t lengths with ch isel and ham m er or oxyacetylene torch o r pipe-cu tting m achine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or p ow er-d riv en m ach ines; assem blin g pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop com putations relating to p r e s s u r e s , flow , and siz e of pipe r e quired; making standard tests to determ ine whether finished pipes m eet sp ecifica tion s. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance pipefitter requ ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. W orkers rim a rily engaged in installing and repairin g building sanitation or eating system s a re excluded. and laying out a ll types of sh e e t-m e ta l m aintenance w ork fro m b lu e p rin ts, m od els, or other s p e cifica tio n s ; setting up and operating a il available types of sh eet-m etal-w ork in g m ach ines; using a va rie ty of handtools in cutting, bending, fo rm in g , shaping, fitting, and a s s e m bling; installing sh eet-m etal a rticle s as req u ired . In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance sh eet-m eta l w o rk e r req u ires rounded training and experien ce usually a cq u ired through a fo rm a l a ppren ticesh ip or equivalent training and exp e rie n ce . PLUM BER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good o rd e r. W ork involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b e r’ s snake. In general, the w ork of the m aintenance plum ber req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce-u su a lly acqu ired through a fo rm a l a pp ren tice ship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. SH EE T-M ETA L WORKER, MAINTENANCE F a b rica tes, in sta lls, and maintains in good rep a ir the sh eetm etal equipment and fixtu res (such as m achine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lo c k e r s , tanks, ven tila tors, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) o f an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g: Planning Custodial and (Diem aker; jig m aker; toolm ak er; T ransports p assen g ers between flo o r s of an o ffice building, apartment house, departm ent s to re , hotel or sim ila r establishm ent. W orkers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and jan itors a re excluded. GUARD P e r fo r m s routine p o lice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining o rd e r , using arm s or fo r c e where n e ce s s a r y . In cludes gatemen who a re stationed at gate and ch eck on identity of em ployees and other p erson s entering. fixtu re m a k er; gauge m a k er) Constructs and rep a irs m a ch in e-sh op to o ls, gauges, jig s , f ix tures o r dies fo r forgin gs, punching and other m e ta l-fo rm in g w ork . W ork involves m ost of the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of w ork from m od els, blueprints, d ra w in gs, o r other o ra l and w ritten s p e c ifi cation s; using a variety of tool and die m a k e r ’ s handtools and p r e c is io n m easuring instrum ents; understanding of the w orking p ro p e rtie s of com m on metals and alloys; setting up and operating of m achine tools and related equipment; making n e ce s s a r y shop com putations relating to dim ensions of w ork, speed s, fe e d s , and tooling of m ach ines; h eattreating of m etal parts during fa b rica tio n as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required q u alities; w orking to c lo s e to le ra n ce s; fitting anil assem bling of parts to p r e s c r ib e d tole ra n ce s and a llo w a n ces; selecting appropriate m a te ria ls , to o ls, and p r o c e s s e s . In gen eral, the tool and die m a k e r's w ork req u ires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom p r a c tic e usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and e x p e rie n ce . F or cro s s-in d u stry wage study p u r p o s e s , tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing shops a re excluded from this cla s s ifica tio n . Material ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER TOOL AND DIE MAKER ^oyement JANITOR, PO RTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; ja n itre ss) Cleans and keeps in an o r d e r ly condition fa c to ry w orking a rea s and w ash room s, or p re m ise s o f an o ffic e , apartm ent house, o r co m m e rcia l or other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination o f the follow ing: Sweeping, m opping o r scru bbin g, and polishing flo o r s ; rem ovin g chips, trash, and other re fu se ; dusting equipment, furniture, o r fixtu res; polishing m etal fixtu res o r trim m in gs; providin g supplies and, m inor maintenance s e r v ic e s ; cleaning la v a to rie s, sh ow ers, and re s tr o o m s . W orkers who s p e cia liz e in window washing a re excluded. 23 LABORER, M A T E R IA L HANDLING (L oader and unloader; S to c k m a n or SHIPPING AND RECEIVING C LE R K - Continued handler and stacker; s t o c k h e lp e r ; w areh ou sem an sh elver; or w arehou se tru ck er; h e lp e r ) A w ork er em ployed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, s to re , o r other establishm ent whose duties involve one o r m o re of the follow in g: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m e rch a n d ise on or fro m freigh t c a r s , tru ck s, or other transporting d e v ice s; unpacking, sh elvin g, o r p la cin g m aterials or m erch an dise in p ro p e r stora ge loca tion ; tran sportin g m a terials or m erchandise by hand truck, c a r , or w h eelba rrow . Lon gsh orem en , who load and unload ships a re exclu ded. other r e c o r d s ; checking fo r shortages and rejectin g damaged goods; routing m erch an d ise o r m aterials to p ro p e r departm ents; maintaining n e ce s s a r y re c o rd s and f ile s . F o r wage study p u rp ose s, w ork ers a re cla ss ifie d as follow s: R eceivin g cle rk Shipping c le rk Shipping and~~receiving c le r k TRUCKDRIVER ORDER F IL L E R (O rder p ic k e r ; stock s e le c to r ; warehouse stockm an) F ills shipping o r tra n sfer ord ers fo r finished goods from sto re d m erch an d ise in a cco rd a n ce with specification s on sales s lip s, c u s to m e r s ' orders^ o r oth er instructipns. May, in addition to fillin g o rd e r s and indicating item s fille d or omitted, keep re c o rd s o f out going o r d e r s , req u isition additional stock, or rep ort short supplies to su p e r v is o r , and p e rfo rm other related duties. D rives a truck within a city o r industrial area to . transport m a te ria ls , m erch an d ise, equipment, or m en between various types of establishm ents such as: M anufacturing plants, freigh t depots, w a re h ou ses, w h olesale and retail establish m en ts, or between retail estab lishm ents and c u s to m e r s ' houses o r p la ce s of bu sin ess. May a lso load o r unload truck with o r without h e lp e rs, make m in or m echanical r e p a ir s , and keep truck in good w orking o rd e r . D r iv e r-sa le s m e n and o v e r -th e -r o a d d riv e rs a re excluded. F o r wage study p u r p o se s , tru ck d riv ers are cla ssifie d by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (T r a c to r -tr a ile r should be rated on the basis of tra ile r capacity. ) PA C K E R , SHIPPING P r e p a re s fin ish ed produ cts fo r shipment or stora ge by placing them in shipping con ta in ers, the s p e c ific operations p e rfo rm e d being dependent upon the type, s iz e , and number of units to be packed, the type of con tainer em ployed, and method of shipment. W ork req u ires the placin g of item s in shipping containers and m ay involve one or m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items o f stock in o rd e r to v e r ify content; se le ctio n of appropriate type and siz e of container; insertin g en closu res in con tainer; using e x ce ls io r or other m a terial to p reven t breakage o r dam age; closin g and sealing container; applying lab els o r entering identifying data on container. P a ck ers who a lso m ake w ooden boxes o r cra tes a re excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK P re p a re s m erch an d ise fo r shipment, or re ce iv e s and is r e spon sible fo r in com in g shipment of m erchandise or other m a te ria ls. Shipping w ork in v o lv e s ; A knowledge of shipping p ro ce d u re s , p r a c tices^ rou tes, available m eans of transportation and rates; and p r e paring re c o r d s o f the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, p o s t ing weight and shipping ch a rg e s, and keeping a file of shipping r e c o r d s . M ay d ire ct o r a s s is t in prep arin g the m erchandise fo r shipm ent. R eceivin g w ork in v o lv e s : V erifyin g or directing others in verifyin g the co r re c tn e s s o f shipm ents against b ills of lading, in v o ice s, or T ru ck d river (com bination of size s listed separately) T ru ck d riv e r, light (under IV2 tons) T ru ck d riv e r, medium ( 1V2 to and including 4 tons) T ru ck d riv e r, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r typtT) T ru ck d riv e r, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) TRUCKER, POWER O perates a m anually con trolled g a so lin e - o r e le ctric-p o w e re d truck o r tra cto r to transport goods and m a terials of all kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, o r other establishm ent. F o r wage study p u rp o se s, w ork ers a re cla ss ifie d by type of truck, as fo llo w s: T ru ck e r, pow er (forklift) T ru ck e r, pow er (other than fo rk lift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of p re m ise s p e rio d ica lly in protectin g prop erty against fir e , theft, and ille g a l entry. it U. S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1956 O — 376711
@FedFRASER