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VuW JAStnJ document Occupational Wage Survey /> 1 ■ I U f ^ col NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA FEBRUARY 1965 Bulletin No. 1430-53 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABO R S t a t i s t i c s Ewan O o g u e . Co'»'*»':$sioner Occupational Wage Survey NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA FEBRUARY 1965 Bulletin No. 1430-53 M ay 1965 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 30 cents Contents Preface P age The B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c cu p a tio n a l w age s u r v e y s in m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s is d e sig n e d to p r o v id e data on o c cu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s , and e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w ag e p r o v is io n s . It y ie ld s d e ta ile d data b y s e le c t e d in d u str y d iv is io n s f o r e a c h o f the a r e a s stu d ied , f o r e c o n o m ic r e g io n s , and f o r the U n ited S tates. A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the p r o g r a m is the n eed f o r g r e a te r in sig h t in to (1) the m o v e m e n t o f w a g es by o c cu p a tio n a l c a t e g o r y and s k ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c tu re and le v e l o f w a g es a m on g a r e a s and in d u stry d iv is io n s . W age tre n d s f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s ------------------------------------------T a b le s : 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and 2. In dexes o f sta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u rly ea rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s , and p e r c e n ts o f change f o r s e le c t e d p e r io d s ------------------------------------------------------------- A. 9 10 11 E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s :* B - l . M in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s f o r w o m e n o ffic e w o r k e r s — B - 2. Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls --------------------------------------------------------------------B -3 . S ch ed u led w e e k ly h o u r s __________________________________ —— 13 14 15 B -5 . B -6 . B -7 . B -8 . P a id v a c a t i o n s -------------------------------------------------------------------------H ealth, in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n p la n s---------------------------------P a id s ic k l e a v e _______________________________________________ P r o fit -s h a r in g p la n s --------------------------------------------------------------- 17 20 21 22 A p p en d ix es: A . C h an ges in o c cu p a tio n a l d e s c r ip t io n s ---------------------------------------------B . O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip t io n s ------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 25 B. E ig h ty -tw o a r e a s c u r r e n tly a r e in clu d e d in the p r o g r a m . In form a tion on o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s is c o lle c t e d an n ually in e a c h a r e a . In fo rm a tio n on e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s is ob ta in ed b ie n n ia lly in m o s t o f the a r e a s . *N O T E : c o v e r .) 3 O ccu p a tion a l e a r n in g s :* A - l . O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s —m en and w om en -------------------------------------A - 2. P r o fe s s i o n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s — m e n and w om en --------------------------------------------------------------------A - 3. O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s — m e n and w om en c o m b in e d -------------------------------------------------A - 4 . M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a t io n s _____________________ A - 5. C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s ------------------ A t the end o f e a c h s u r v e y , an in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l le tin p r e s e n ts s u r v e y r e s u lts f o r e a c h a r e a stu d ied . A ft e r c o m p le t io n o f a ll o f the in d iv id u a l a r e a b u lletin s f o r a roun d o f s u r v e y s , a t w o -p a r t su m m a ry b u lletin is is s u e d . The f i r s t p a rt b r in g s data f o r e a c h o f the m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s stu d ied in to one b u lle tin . The s e c o n d p a rt p r e s e n ts i n f o r m a tion w h ich has b een p r o je c t e d fr o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p olita n a r e a data to r e la te to e c o n o m ic r e g io n s and the U nited S tates. T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n ts r e s u lts o f the s u r v e y in New O rle a n s , L a . , in F e b r u a r y 1965. It w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in A tlan ta , Ga. , b y W illia m L . D an sby, u n der the d ir e c t io n o f D on ald M . C r u s e , R e g io n a l W age A n a lyst. 4 S im ila r ta bu la tion s a r e a v a ila b le f o r o th e r a r e a s . (S ee in sid e b a ck C u rre n t r e p o r t s on o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r a c t ic e s in the N ew O rle a n s a r e a a r e a ls o a v a ila b le f o r auto d e a le r r e p a ir sh op s (June 1964), and banking (N o v e m b e r 1964). U nion s c a l e s , in d ic a tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a r e a v a ila b le f o r bu ild in g c o n s tr u c tio n , p rin tin g , lo c a l- t r a n s it o p e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . iii 5 8 Occupational Wage Survey—New Orleans, La. Introduction T h is a r e a is 1 o f 82 in w h ich the U .S . D ep a rtm en t o f L a b or*s B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistic s con d u cts s u r v e y s o f o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d w ag e b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . In th is a r e a , data w e r e ob ta in ed by p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u rea u fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M anu fa c tu r in g ; tr a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th e se stu d ies a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d b e c a u s e they tend to fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t em p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r ra n t in c lu s io n . S ep a ra te ta bu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d fo r ea ch o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r it e r i a . s c h e d u le s (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e pa id ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th e s e o c cu p a tio n s have b een rou n ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n te d r e fle c t c o m p o s it e , a r e a w id e e s tim a te s . In d u s tr ie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts d iffe r in pay le v e l and jo b staffin g and, th u s, con trib u te d iffe r e n tly to the e s tim a te s fo r each jo b . The pay re la tio n s h ip ob ta in a b le fr o m the a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e fle c t a c c u r a t e ly the w a g e sp re a d o r d iffe r e n tia l m a in ta in ed am ong jo b s in in d iv id u al e s ta b lis h m e n ts . S im ila r ly , d iffe r e n c e s in a v e r a g e pay le v e ls fo r m en and w om en in any o f the s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s sh ou ld not b e a s su m e d to r e fle c t d iffe r e n c e s in pay tre a tm e n t o f the s e x e s w ith in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lish m e n ts . O th er p o s s ib le fa c t o r s w h ich m a y con trib u te to d if f e r e n c e s in pay fo r m en and w om en in clu d e : D iffe r e n c e s in p r o g r e s s io n w ith in e s ta b lis h e d ra te r a n g e s , s in c e on ly the a ctu a l ra te s paid in cu m b en ts a r e c o lle c t e d ; and d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific du ties p e r fo r m e d , although the w o r k e r s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifi e d w ithin the sa m e su r v e y jo b d e s c r ip t io n . Job d e s c r ip tio n s u se d in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th e se s u r v e y s a r e u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th o se u se d in in div id u al e sta b lis h m e n ts and a llo w fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e s ta b lish m e n ts in the s p e c ific d u ties p e r fo r m e d . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rv e y in g a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain op tim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ie d . In com b in in g the data, h o w e v e r, a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv en th e ir a p p r o p r ia te w e ig h t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as rela tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou p in g and a r e a , e x ce p t f o r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied . O ccu p a tion a l em p loy m en t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the tota l in all e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and not the n u m ber a ctu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re am ong e s ta b lish m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t obtain ed fr o m the sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in d ic a te the r e la tiv e im p o r ta n c e o f the jo b s stu d ied. T h e s e d iffe r e n c e s in occu p a tio n a l stru c tu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the ea rn in g s data. O ccu p a tion s and E a rn in gs The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u factu rin g and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the fo llo w in g ty p e s : ( l ) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3) m a in ten an ce and p ow erp la n t; and (4) c u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m en t. O ccu p a tion a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e s ig n e d to take a cco u n t o f in te r e sta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n in d u ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r study a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in ap pen dix B . E a rn in g s data fo r so m e o f the o c c u p a tio n s lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d a r e not p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s b e c a u s e e ith e r ( l ) em p loy m en t in the o c cu p a tio n is to o sm a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it p r e s e n ta tio n , o r (2) th e r e is p o s s i b ilit y o f d is c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u al esta b lis h m e n t data. E sta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en tary W age P r o v is io n s In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c t e d esta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w ag e p r o v is io n s as they r e la te to o f f ic e and plant w o r k e r s . A d m in is tr a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and fo r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s who a r e u tiliz e d a s a se p a r a te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d . ''O ffic e w o r k e r s " in clu d e w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n c tio n s . "P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu d e w ork in g f o r e m en and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu d in g le a d m e n and tr a in e e s ) en ga ged in n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s. C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and rou tem en a r e ex clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , but in clu d e d in n on m a n u fa ctu r ing in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tio n a l em p loy m en t and e a rn in g s data a r e show n fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th o se h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le in the g iven o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in g s data e x clu d e p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . N on p rod u ction b o n u se s a r e e x clu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g bo n u se s and in ce n tiv e ea rn in g s a r e in clu d e d . W h ere w e e k ly h o u r s a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o f f ic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o rk M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s (ta b le B - l ) re la te on ly to the e s ta b lish m e n ts v is it e d . T h ey a r e p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith fo r m a l m in im u m en tra n ce s a la r y p o li c ie s . 1 2 Shift d iffe r e n t ia l da ta (ta b le B -2 ) a r e lim ite d to plant w o r k e r s in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . T h is in fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in te r m s o f (1) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o lic y , 1 p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f to ta l plant w o r k e r em p loy m en t, and (2) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f w o r k e r s a ctu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the su rvey. In e s ta b lis h m e n ts h aving v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount ap plyin g to a m a jo r it y w as u sed o r , i f no am ount a p p lied to a m a jo r it y , the c la s s ific a t io n " o t h e r " w as u se d . In e sta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich so m e la t e -s h ift h o u r s a r e pa id at n o r m a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d on ly i f it ap p lied to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u r s . The s ch e d u le d w eek ly h o u r s (ta b le B -3 ) o f a m a jo r it y o f the f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e sta b lis h m e n t a r e tabu lated a s ap plyin g to a ll o f the plant o r o f f ic e w o r k e r s o f that e s ta b lis h m e n t. P a id h o lid a y s ; paid v a c a tio n s ; h ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n p la n s ; and p r o fit -s h a r in g pla n s (ta b le s B - 4 th rou gh B -8 ) a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th ese a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll pla n t o r o f f ic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r ity o f su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y ev en tu a lly q u a lify fo r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . Sum s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s in ta b le s B -2 th rou g h B - 8 m a y not equ al tota ls b e c a u s e o f roun din g. D ata on paid h o lid a y s (ta b le B -4 ) a r e lim ite d to data on h o lid a y s gra n ted annually on a fo r m a l b a s i s ; i. e . , (1) a r e p r o v id e d fo r in w ritte n fo r m , o r (2) h ave b e e n e s ta b lis h e d by c u s to m . H olid ay s o r d in a r ily gra n ted a r e in clu d ed ev en though they m a y fa ll on a n on w ork d a y, even i f the w o r k e r is not g ra n ted an oth er day o ff. The f i r s t p a rt o f the paid h o lid a y s ta b le p r e s e n ts the n u m ber o f w h ole and h a lf h o lid a y s a ctu a lly g ra n ted . The se c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w h ole and h a lf h o lid a y s to sh ow tota l h olid a y t im e . The su m m a ry o f v a c a tio n plans (ta ble B -5 ) is lim ite d to fo r m a l p o li c ie s , ex clu d in g in fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts w h e r e b y tim e o ff w ith pay is g ra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S ep a ra te e s tim a te s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com p u tin g v a c a tio n p a ym en ts, su ch as tim e p a ym en ts, p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s, o r fla t -s u m a m ou n ts. H o w e v e r, in the ta b u la tion s o f v a c a tio n pay, pa ym en ts n ot on a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r te d to a tim e b a s i s ; fo r ex a m p le, a p a ym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the eq u iv a len t o f 1 w e e k 's pay. D ata a r e p r e s e n te d fo r a ll h ealth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n plan s (ta b le s B -6 and B -7 ) fo r w h ich at le a s t a p a rt o f the c o s t is b o r n e by the e m p lo y e r , e x ce p tin g on ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n sa tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. Such plan s in clu d e th o se u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n ce 1 An establishment was considered as having a policy if conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in late shifts. com p a n y and th o se p r o v id e d th rou gh a union fund o r paid d ir e c t ly by the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e r a tin g funds o r fr o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r this p u r p o s e . D eath b e n e fits a r e in clu d e d as a fo r m o f life in s u r a n ce . S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in s u r a n ce u n der w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a y m en ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m on th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r a ll su ch plan s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s . H o w e v e r, in N ew Y o r k and New J e r s e y , w h ich h ave en a cted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n ce la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u tio n s , 2 pla n s a r e in clu d ed on ly i f the e m p lo y e r ( l ) c o n tr ib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the r e q u ire m e n ts o f the la w . T ab u lation s o f paid s ic k le a v e pla n s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l p la n s 3 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll pay o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's pay d u rin g a b s e n ce fr o m w o rk b e c a u s e o f ill n e s s . S ep a ra te ta bu la tion s a r e p r e s e n te d a c c o r d in g to (1) p la n s w h ich p r o v id e fu ll pay and no w aitin g p e r io d , and (2) plans w h ich p r o v id e e ith e r p a r t ia l pay o r a w aitin g p e r io d . In a d d ition to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s w ho a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce o r pa id s ic k le a v e , an u n du plica ted to ta l is sh ow n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fit s . C a ta str o p h e in s u r a n ce , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to as ex ten ded m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in clu d e s th ose p la n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju ry in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s bey on d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le t e o r p a r t ia l p a ym en t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s . Such p la n s m a y b e u n d erw ritten b y c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r they m a y be s e lf-in s u r e d . T a b u la tion s o f r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se pla n s that p r o v id e m on th ly p a y m en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . P r o fit -s h a r in g p la n s (ta b le B -8 ) a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l plans w ith d e fin ite fo r m u la s f o r com p u tin g p r o fit s h a r e s to be d is tr ib u te d am on g e m p lo y e e s and w h ose fo r m u la s w e r e c o m m u n ica te d to e m p lo y e e s in ad va n ce o f the d e te rm in a tio n o f p r o fit s . D ata are p r e se n te d a c c o r d in g to p r o v is io n s f o r d is tr ib u tin g p r o fit s h a r e s to e m p lo y e e s : (1) C u r re n t o r c a s h d is tr ib u tio n o f p r o fit s h a r e s w ithin a sh o rt p e r io d a fte r d e te rm in a tio n o f p r o fit s ; (2) d e fe r r e d d is tr ib u tio n o f p r o fit sh a r e s a fte r a s p e c ifie d n u m b er o f y e a r s o r at r e tir e m e n t; (3) co m b in a tio n c u r r e n t and d e fe r r e d p la n s ; and (4) e le c t iv e d is tr ib u tio n plan s, u nder w h ich ea ch p a rticip a n t is r e q u ir e d to s e l e c t w h eth er to take h is sh a r e o f the c u r r e n t y e a r 's p r o fit in c a sh , h ave it d e fe r r e d , o r p a rt in c a s h and p a rt d e fe r r e d . it met either of the following 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer formal provisions covering contributions. if it (1) had operated late 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the written form for operating minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee. Such a plan need not be written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded. 3 T a b le 1. E s t a b li s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d ie d in N ew O r l e a n s , M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f stu d y I n d u s t r y d i v is i o n A l l d i v i s i o n s _________________________________________________________ _ 50 N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s 5 -----------------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a le t r a d e --------- ------------------------------------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e -------------------------------------------------- -------------- -----------F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S e r v ic e s " 50 50 50 50 50 b y m a j o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s 2 F e b r u a r y 1965 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s W ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y W ith in scope of stu d y 3 S tu d ie d S tu d ie d T ota l O ffice 4 P la n t T ota l 4 620 164 1 3 0 ,2 0 0 2 1 ,5 0 0 7 9 ,8 0 0 7 7 ,2 9 0 157 4 63 49 115 48, 200 8 2 ,0 0 0 6, 900 3 3 , 300 4 6 ,5 0 0 3 1, 7 0 0 4 5 ,5 9 0 96 98 141 60 31 17 33 14 10, 800 , 100 68 20 2 7 ,1 0 0 9, 400 26, 6 0 0 8 , 700 10, 200 19, 2, 15, 3, 5, 14, 6 00 4, 000 2, ( 6) 600 ( 6) 21 ( 6) ( 6) (7 ) ( 6) 670 180 120 210 4 10 1 T h e N ew O r l e a n s S ta n d a r d M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f J e f f e r s o n , O r l e a n s , a n d St. B e r n a r d P a r i s h e s . T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s sh o w n in t h is ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y . T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w ith o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s f o r th e a r e a t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( l ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s the u s e o f e s t a b l is h m e n t d a ta c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d ( 2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l is h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d i t io n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d i n c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l is h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . 3 I n c lu d e s a ll e s t a b l is h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m in i m u m li m it a t io n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , an d m o t io n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 e s t a b l is h m e n t . 4 I n c lu d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e o f f i c e a n d p la n t c a t e g o r i e s . 5 T a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s in c id e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n w e r e e x c l u d e d . 6 T h is in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , a n d f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta f o r t h is d i v i s i o n is n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n s : (1 ) E m p lo y m e n t in th e d i v i s i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v id e e n o u g h d a ta t o m e r i t s e p a r a t e stu d y , (2 ) the s a m p le w a s n o t d e s ig n e d i n it ia l ly to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , (3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , a n d (4 ) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b l is h m e n t d a ta . 7 W o r k e r s f r o m th is e n t ir e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , b u t f r o m th e r e a l e s t a t e p o r t io n o n ly in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in the S e r i e s B t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta f o r t h is d i v i s i o n is n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s g iv e n in f o o t n o t e 6 a b o v e . 8 H o t e ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r s h o p s ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o fi t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n iz a t io n s ( e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s a n d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n iz a t io n s ) ; and e n g in e e r in g a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . T a b le 2. I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k l y s a l a r i e s a n d s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s in N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965 a n d F e b r u a r y 1 96 4 a n d p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e 1 f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s In d e x e s ( M a r c h 1961 = 100) I n d u s t r y a n d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p F e b r u a r y 1965 F e b r u a r y 196 4 A l l i n d u s t r ie s : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l (m e n an d w o m e n ) -------I n d u s t r ia l n u r s e s (m e n an d w o m e n ) — S k i ll e d m a in t e n a n c e ( m e n ) --------------------U n s k i ll e d p la n t ( m e n ) ----------------------------- 1 15 . 3 105. 0 1 14 . 3 1 1 7 .9 112. 6 105. 0 111. 5 110. 9 M a n u fa c t u r in g : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l (m e n an d w o m e n ) -------I n d u s t r ia l n u r s e s (m e n an d w o m e n ) — S k ille d m a in t e n a n c e ( m e n )--------------------U n s k i ll e d p la n t ( m e n ) ----------------------------- 1 17 . 1 102. 8 1 13 . 1 112. 8 101. 9 111. 0 112. 9 1 05 . 2 P e r c e n t s o f ch a n g e F e b r u a r y 1 96 4 to F e b r u a r y 1965 F e b r u a r y 1 963 to F e b r u a r y 1 96 4 2. 5 2. 5 6. 3 4. 1 2. 0 3. 4 4. 2 4. 1. 4. 4. 3. 7 .9 1 .9 7. 2 4. 3 2. 3 2 .9 1. 1 5. 24. 3. 0 A l l c h a n g e s a r e i n c r e a s e s u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e in d ic a t e d . T h is d e c r e a s e r e f l e c t s c h a n g e s in e m p l o y m e n t a m o n g e s t a b l is h m e n t s w it h d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s , F e b r u a r y 1962 to F e b r u a r y 1963 1 M a r c h 1961 to F e b r u a r y 1962 F e b r u a r y I960 to M a r c h 1961 5 5 2 3 3. 4 1. 5 3. 5 2. 0 2. 5 9 .9 5 .7 4. 4 2 9 3 2 . 8 . 5 3. 4 .8 2 r a t h e r th a n s a l a r y d e c r e a s e s . 4. 3 12. 0 5. 2 .6 8 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n te d in ta ble 2 a re in d ex es and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change in a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o f o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s . F o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , the p e r ce n ta g e s o f change r e la te to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s fo r n o r m a l h ou rs o f w o r k , that is , the stan dard w o r k s ch e d u le fo r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e pa id . F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e ch a n g es in a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s , ex clu d in g p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . The p e r c e n ta g e s a r e b a s e d on data fo r s e le c t e d k ey o c cu p a tio n s and in clu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p orta n t jo b s w ith in ea ch g rou p . The o ffic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in the fo llo w in g 19 jo b s : B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B; c l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s A and B; c le r k s , f i l e , c la s s A , B , and C; c l e r k s , o r d e r ; c le r k s , p a y r o ll; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; k eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B; o ff ic e b o y s and g ir l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r ; sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ; ta b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B; and ty p is ts , c la s s A and B. The in d u str ia l n u r se data a r e b a s e d on m en and w om en in d u str ia l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 8 s k ille d m a in ten a n ce jo b s and 2 u n s k ille d jo b s a r e in clu d e d in the plant w o r k e r data: S k ille d — c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is ts ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , a u tom otiv e; p a in te rs ; p ip e fitte r s ; and t o o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; and la b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h andling. A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly ea rn in g s w e r e com p u ted fo r ea ch o f the s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s . The a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o r h o u r ly ea rn in g s w e r e then m u ltip lie d b y e m p lo y m e n t in e a ch o f the jo b s du ring the p e r io d s u r v e y e d in 1961. T h e se w e ig h te d e a rn in g s fo r in d iv id u a l o c cu p a tio n s w e r e then to ta le d to obtain an a g g re g a te fo r ea ch o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p . F in a lly , the r a tio (e x p r e s s e d as a p e rce n ta g e ) o f the g rou p a g g re g a te fo r the one y e a r to the a g g re g a te fo r the oth er y e a r w as com p u te d and the d iffe r e n c e b etw een the r e s u lt and 100 is the p e r c e n ta g e o f change fr o m the one p e r io d to the o th e r. The in d ex es w e r e com p u ted by m u ltip ly in g the r a tio s fo r ea ch grou p a g g re g a te fo r e a ch p e r io d a fte r the b a se y e a r (19 61 ). The in d e x e s and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w ag e ch a n g es; (2) m e r it o r oth er in c r e a s e s in pay r e c e iv e d by in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g es in a v e r a g e w a g e s due to ch a n g es in the la b o r f o r c e re s u ltin g fr o m la b o r tu r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t p a y le v e ls . C h an ges in the la b o r f o r c e can ca u se in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout a ctu a l w a g e ch a n g e s. F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e ex p a n sion m igh t in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r paid w o r k e r s in a s p e c ific o c cu p a tio n and lo w e r the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a r e d u c tio n in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r paid w o r k e r s w ou ld h ave the o p p o s ite e ffe c t . S im ila r ly , the m o v e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a c o u ld ca u se the a v e r a g e e a rn in g s to d r o p , ev en though no change in r a te s o c c u r r e d in oth er e sta b lis h m e n ts in the a r e a . The u se of con sta n t e m p lo y m e n t w eigh ts e lim in a te s the e ffe c t of ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n of w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea ch jo b in c lu d ed in the data. The p e r c e n ta g e s o f change r e f le c t on ly ch a n ges in a v e r a g e pay fo r s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u rs. T h ey a re not in flu e n ce d by ch a n ges in stan d ard w o rk s c h e d u le s , as su ch , or by p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e . 5 A. Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t i m e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , N ew O r le a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1965) Weekly earnings1 ( standard) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y ea rn in gs of— $ Average weekly hours1 (standard) S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n $ 35 and under 40 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B --------------------------------------------------NQNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------- $ $ 49 35 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 8 .5 0 7 5 .5 0 7 4 .0 0 6 8 .0 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING----------------------------------NGNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4------------------------RETAIL TRADE--------------------------------- 256 1 0 7 .5 0 1 1 6 .0 0 1 0 3 .5 0 1 0 3 .5 0 1 0 4 .0 0 1 0 7 .0 0 1 1 3 .5 0 33 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 4 1 .5 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B MANUFACTURING-------------------NONMANUFACTURING-------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4---------- 182 41 141 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 8 6 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 7 8 .0 0 8 7 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 76 3 9 .0 7 5 .0 0 7 7 .5 0 CLERKS, ORDER---------NONMANUFACTURING 147 129 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 8 5 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 7 4 .5 0 - 9 9 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 7 4 .0 0 - 9 8 .5 0 50 37 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 1 0 0 .5 0 1 0 7 .5 0 1 0 3 .0 0 1 0 8 .5 0 CLERKS, PAYROLL • MANUFACTUR ING OFFICE BOYS ---------------------------MANUFACTURING-----------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------PUBLIC UTILITIES4------- 81 175 95 7 8 .5 0 1 0 4 .5 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 5 .5 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 6 1 .0 0 - S 8 8 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 - 1 1 8 .0 0 45 - - 45 50 $ 50 - $ ( 50 - 55 $ 55 60 - - 65 70 75 8 4 10 4 8 4 10 - 1 19 2 - - - - - - - 1 17 3 - - - - - - - 1 4 4 - 18 2 24 2 16 4 14 3 24 4 16 7 22 12 11 6 32 7 2S 9 5 .5 0 8 8 .0 0 - 1 0 9 .5 0 1 2 0 .5 0 - 6 5 .0 0 - 8 7 .5 0 7 4 .0 0 6 3 .5 0 6 4 .5 0 - 1 0 2 .0 0 8 4 .0 0 8 3 .0 0 2 1 1 30 4 0 .0 1 0 9 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 9 3 .5 0 -1 2 0 .5 0 66 46 3 9 .0 3 8 .5 9 3 .5 0 9 1 .0 0 9 3 .0 0 9 0 .5 0 8 7 .0 0 -1 0 2 .0 0 8 5 .5 0 - 9 7 .0 0 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 3 7 .5 7 0 .0 0 7 0 .5 0 7 3 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 5 9 .0 0 5 6 .5 0 5 5 .5 0 5 6 .5 0 - 7 4 .5 0 9 3 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 44 3 9 .5 7 5 .0 0 7 2 . 50 6 0 .5 0 - 8 2 .0 0 56 4 0 .0 6 2 . OD 56 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 6 2 .0 0 6 2 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 5 7 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 2 .5 0 5 2 .0 0 - 7 1 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 117 39 .5 7 9 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 7 0 .5 0 - 8 9 .5 0 35 82 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 8 0 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 - 9 1 .0 0 8 9 .5 0 174 3 9 .5 6 5 .5 0 32 142 44 4 0 .0 7 1 .0 0 6 4 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 5 8 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 - 6 4 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 5 1 .0 0 - 7 7 7 7 1 4 0 3 .0 .0 .0 .5 0 0 0 0 - 6 8 5 6 1 1 9 4 .0 .0 .0 .5 7 6 See fo o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le . 6 2 .5 0 6 4 .5 0 2 9 2 3 .0 .0 .0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 1 34 50 34 38 16 12 2 8 8 3 44 3 41 22 14 6 17 17 17 95 1 7 15 2 22 22 26 21 24 15 2 22 16 6 1 14 4 - 11 4 4 4 - - 21 7 21 20 7 3 6 1 1 5 - - - " ’ 5 9 5 4 3 1L 1: 1L 9 3 3 4 4 4 2 9 3 2 2 1L 1[ ]l 3 20 30 33 30 11 19 7 11 22 3 2 28 13 8 4 4 - $ 125 $ 130 125 135 - 130 and 135 over 27 12 22 2 20 11 4 15 13 - 16 50 17 33 28 14 7 32 9 13 6 12 8 11 3 7 7 - 7 3 4 4 l 2 8 3 1 23 5 9 3 3 1 3 3 2 2 1 1 - - - - 3 12 4 1 l 1 10 9 18 17 7 7 1 1 17 17 4 4 11 7 6 6 3 5 — — 3 5 - — 3 5 - - 7 3 10 5 5 - - - 15 12 4 4 4 7 6 4 4 2 7 7 - 7 ' 2 13 8 5 44 120 10 10 - 1 19 44 - 115 9 9 13 12 11 1 1 110 - $ 120 2 4 3 19 3 1 - 105 - 13 4 4 - 11 11 100 - $ 115 18 3 - 11 - $ 1 10 16 4 9 - $ 105 9 9 5 9 - - $ 100 11 17 2 1 $ 95 - 2 WOMEN 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 - 2 8 4 .0 0 -1 1 4 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 -1 2 2 .5 0 5 5 5 5 11 14 14 $ 90 4 1 0 5 .5 0 -1 2 7 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 - TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS CLASS B -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------- BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------RETAIL TRADE------------------------ 85 - 3 9 .0 45 80 * 85 - . - _ TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A --------------------------------------- BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------- - « 80 - 5 8 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 6 4 .0 0 BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE)------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING----------------------------RETAIL TRADE--------------------------------- $ 75 70 - 3 9 .0 BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE)------------------------------------------------- « 65 - 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 TYPISTS, CLASS B ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4------------------------- 40 $ - 177 35 5 .5 0 3 .0 0 5 .0 0 7 .5 0 $ - 142 49 5 6 5 5 $ 4 4 . 3 - - . 2 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - - - 4 18 3 6 12 3 - 1^ 7 14 2 8 17 9 3 8 5 1 1 7 1 1 7 5 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W om en— Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , N ew O r le a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1965) W eek ly e arn in g s1 (standard ) S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n N um ber of workers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f— standard) $ $ A ve rage w eek ly 35 M ean 2 M e d ian 2 M iddle range 2 $ % t S $ S * $ $ S $ $ $ $ S S S 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 1 00 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 1 05 110 115 120 125 130 135 over - - 2 - 8 - 17 - 23 17 1 17 2 3 2 13 2 11 3 10 2 8 24 7 17 5 2 and u n d er 40 WOMEN - $ and CONTINUED CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC UT IL IT IE S 4---------------------------RETAIL TRAOE ------------------------------------ 232 36 196 44 35 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 4 2 .0 $ 8 8 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 8 8 .0 0 9 7 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 $ 8 7 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 8 8 .0 0 9 5 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 $ 7 7 7 9 7 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B -------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------RETAIL TR AD E ------------------------------------ 595 77 518 100 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 4 0 .5 69 76 68 65 0 0 0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 6 7 .0 0 5 9 .5 0 6 8 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 6 1 .0 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 103 76 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 7 4 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 176 155 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING-------------------------------RETAIL T RA O E------------------------------------ 139 59 80 29 COMPTOMETER OPERATORS --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------RETAIL TR ADE------------------------------------ -1 -1 $ 9 8 .0 0 0 4 .5 0 9 8 .0 0 9 9 .5 0 1 5 .5 0 - 7 8 .5 0 8 5 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 - 8 8 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 - 6 1 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 5 3 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 - 6 3 .5 0 6 2 .0 0 _ 16 - 16 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 7 4 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 7 3 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 7 0 .5 0 7 4 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 6 6 6 6 - 8 3 .5 0 7 4 .5 0 8 6 .5 0 8 7 .5 0 _ - ~ 198 190 94 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 8 .5 6 6 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 1 .5 0 6 6 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 5 9 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 5 9 .5 0 4 8 .5 0 - 7 3 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 _ 32 32 32 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A -------------MANUFACTUR I N G -------------------------------------- 188 61 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 7 9 .5 0 9 6 .0 0 7 6 .5 0 9 6 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 - 9 3 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 -1 0 2 .0 0 - - KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING-------------------------------- 136 39 97 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 6 8 .0 0 7 8 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 8 5 .5 0 6 1 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 6 9 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 - 7 8 .5 0 8 9 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 _ - - 6 - - ~ 6 OFFICE GIRLS ----------------------------------------------NCNMANUF ACTURING-------------------------------- 43 42 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 5 6 .0 0 5 6 .0 0 5 5 .5 0 5 5 .5 0 5 1 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 - 5 9 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 3 3 6 6 11 SECRETARIES ------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC UTIL ITI ES4--------------------------RETAIL TR AD E ------------------------------------ 958 313 645 171 67 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 2 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 1 0 2 .5 0 8 4 .0 0 9 4 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 8 4 .0 0 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBL IC UT IL IT 1ES4--------------------------RETAIL TRADE ------------------------------------ 996 435 561 203 50 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 3 9 .5 7 8 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 6 2 .0 0 7 7 .5 0 9 2 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 6 8 .5 0 6 0 .5 0 64 81 61 61 56 .5 .0 .0 .5 .0 0 0 0 0 0 - 9 2 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 STENOGRAPHERS, S E N IO R --------------------------MANUFACTUR I N G -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U TI LIT IE S4 --------------------------- 214 32 182 96 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 8 5 .0 0 8 7 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 8 7 .5 0 8 5 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 9 0 .0 0 7 4 .0 8 2 .0 7 2 .5 7 4 .0 0 0 0 0 - SWITCEBCARD OPERATORS, CLASS A5-------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 46 36 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 7 3 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 7 7 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 - S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . .0 .0 .0 .5 7 4 8 0 2 4 5 4 2 .5 .0 .0 .5 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 .5 0 -1 0 8 .5 0 9 3 .0 0 -1 1 2 .5 0 8 0 .5 0 -1 0 4 .0 0 8 9 .5 0 -1 1 7 .0 0 7 4 .5 0 - 9 7 .5 0 - - - 1 1 12 16 48 15 1 47 10 11 11 - - - 2 1 1 12 4 3 1 _ - 4 - 25 - 85 4 98 6 58 10 36 9 - 56 17 39 75 7 68 _ - _ 4 25 138 12 126 4 5 11 _ _ 1 - ~ 5 - ! - _ - _ - _ 1 - - - - - - - 4 5 - 4 2 _ 1 _ - _ - - 5 5 5 1 13 6 4 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 9 11 1 10 2 10 - 5 - 2 2 4 3 _ _ _ 1 - 2 - - - 5 2 2 l 10 3 l - 35 35 2 2 5 3 14 2 7 13 6 28 14 23 17 7 1 1 7 4 7 6 14 4 6 2 3 6 2 2 2 2 16 16 15 45 45 6 27 27 9 39 39 14 12 12 7 3 3 9 7 - 7 1 _ 1 46 14 27 25 5 17 16 ~ 1 1 ~ 4 14 5 15 15 27 - 9 4 1 3 3 - 24 3 3 l 5 4 _ 3 16 8 _ _ ~ 3 - 12 - 27 - 41 - 3 20 46 9 102 19 94 8 - 3 - 12 - 27 38 37 37 86 5 - ~ - 6 5 5 8 7 6 6 83 5 57 91 1l 138 13 112 35 83 31 50 22 15 6 2 4 - 2 3 1 - ~ 4 4 2 1 _ - - - - - - ~ - - 9 6 - - - 1 1 _ _ _ - - - - - ~ - - - _ - - - - - - _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ l - - “ - - - 115 75 27 48 42 16 66 44 22 17 21 36 20 35 16 19 7 16 10 6 6 12 3 9 7 23 6 17 9 35 80 19 109 104 98 53 56 86 92 28 18 3 25 2 87 44 43 12 90 48 57 8 ~ 3 1 1 - - 22 16 8 5 _ - - _ 5 6 3 5 - - - - 6 67 51 16 - - 5 7 6 3 - - - - - 33 10 23 18 3 3 17 2 7 3 2 - - - - - - - 5 3 3 2 2 - 5 7 7 - 23 3 3 - “ _ _ ! _ _ _ - _ 33 80 125 77 52 - 8 38 28 3 6 11 32 3 13 - 33 15 3 3 4 1 1 9 4 .5 0 9 4 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 9 7 .0 0 _ - - 9 9 2 10 28 ~ ~ 3 12 6 3 10 32 8 25 - 12 - 13 - 10 - 30 - 10 3 24 10 21 9 8 6 .0 0 8 6 .0 0 _ - _ 2 - 6 6 - - 1 - 4 3 10 8 7 6 - - 3 - 12 12 - 1 14 6 4 1 - 1 5 13 1 1 - _ 72 14 58 7 l 13 13 - 2 2 - 34 1 - 5 2 2 1 - - 3 - - - 1 7 - - ~ 9 46 3 3 - - 9 21 21 1 1 - 4 - 9 4 26 16 16 4 4 5 8 42 12 - 1 l - 3 ■? 26 27 - - _ 6 6 16 8 8 - 17 17 28 42 4 38 12 3 9 6 2 4 - 46 46 _ 8 - 27 4 92 22 - _ 33 2 31 14 1 48 4 81 21 - - 4 2 2 15 15 _ 7 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W omen— Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y h ou r s and ea rn in gs f o r s e l e c t e d o cc u p a t io n s studied on an a re a b a s is b y in dus tr y d i v is i o n , New O r l e a n s , L a, , F e b r u a r y 1965) Weekly earnings1 (standard) S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n WOMEN S W IT C H B O A R D - Number of Average weekly hours1 ( standard] N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g str a ig h t -t im e w e ek ly e a rn in g s o f — s s Middle range 2 Median 2 $ & OPERATORS, $ S $ S $ $ $ S % 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 1 10 115 120 125 130 135 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 no 115 120 125 130 135 over 15 15 41 13 32 15 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 6 2 - - - - - - - 2 - - - ~ ~ - 8 11 12 4 8 7 7 . 16 1 - 7 31 48 48 7 7 13 25 25 18 41 ?4 13 5 3 8 - 9 - 18 r- 8 9 11 7 19 3 16 44 16 28 32 9 23 - 1 1 - - - 7 2 11 11 7 7 7 ~ ~ 21 21 7 7 27 20 l 1 4 4 16 16 20 40 21 64 65 62 17 6 58 4 13 21 and CLASS B 5 ---------- 238 22 9 29 4 1 .5 4 1 .5 3 9 .5 67 39 .5 $ 59 58 82 53 .0 .5 .5 .0 0 0 0 0 $ 58 58 91 53 .5 .0 .0 .0 0 0 0 0 $ 4 4 6 4 6 5 6 9 .5 .5 .0 .0 0 0 0 0 - $ 6 6 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 9 7 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 7 4 .5 0 7 7 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 - 39 .5 6 9 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 6 6 .0 0 7 0 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 5 9 .5 0 6 2 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 - U T I L I T I E S 4----------------------------------t n ar\r IK A ufc "■ 33 2 5 4 0 .0 4 1 .5 8 0 .5 0 6 4 . 50 6 4 .5 0 6 6 . 50 6 0 .5 0 - 9 9 .5 0 6 0 .5 0 — 6 9 .5 0 TR A N SC R IB IN G -M A C H IN E OPERATORS, G E N E R A L ---------------------------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------- 94 3 9 .0 71 3 8 .5 7 0 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 6 8 .5 0 6 7 .0 0 6 2 .0 0 59. 50- 8 0 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 ~ 132 3 9 .0 38 .5 8 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 3 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 - 8 9 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 ~ - - 6 5 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 5 6 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 5 5 .5 0 - 7 3 .0 0 8 6 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 - 6 22 62 5 7 .0 0 - 6 8 .0 0 - 6 - 22 - 62 9 63 3 60 27 5 3 .0 0 - 7 1 .0 0 4 12 25 8 a A ————— — ————— N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------B ------------------------------------------------ 433 MANUFACTURING ------------------------N C N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 54 379 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 U T I L I T I E S 4----------------------------------T R A D E ---------------------------------------------- 73 119 38 .0 4 0 .5 P U B L IC R E TA IL % 65 4 0 .0 39 .5 CLASS t 60 82 125 T Y P IS T S , $ 55 207 r tL A a cj cj L % 50 S W I T C H B O A R O O P E R A T O R —R E C E P T I O N I S T S — M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N C N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------- TvntcTC 9 $ 45 and u n d er C O N T IN U E D N C N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4----------------------------------n r T A ti rn an r K fclAIL IKAUb — ------------------ P U B L IC n c t A fi K fc lA IL . % 40 35 Me an 2 $ 6 3 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 6 1 .5 0 6 4 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 6 0 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 * - - - - * 70 8 3 - 2 30 21 9 6 6 - - - " 1 " Q 1 q 7 8 2 6 6 - - 2 13 5 8 - - - - 2 2 - 8 - - - - - - - “ * - - 4 14 10 6 2 16 3 15 2 - 23 36 15 18 16 - 4 59 5 23 21 - 2 - - - 4 4 30 6 15 7 31 11T5 r 1 5 1 J 2 2 - l 1 _ - - - - ~ “ ~ - - - 1 Standard h ou r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k fo r wh ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e the ir re g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a l a r i e s and the ea rn in gs c o r r e s p o n d to thes e w e e k l y ho ur s. 2 The m e a n is co m p u t ed f o r e ach jo b by totaling the e arn in gs o f a ll w o r k e r s and di viding b y the nu m b e r o f w o r k e r s . The m e d i a n d e s ig n a t e s po s it io n— ha lf o f the e m p l o y e e s su r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e than the rate shown; ha lf r e c e i v e le s s than the rate shown. The m id d l e rang e is de fi ned by 2 ra te s of pay; a fourth o f the w o r k e r s e a rn le s s than the lo w e r o f t hes e ra te s and a four th ea rn m o r e than the hi ghe r rat e. 3 W o r k e r s w e r e di st r ib ut e d as f o l lo w s : 4 at $135 to $140; 4 at $140 to $145; and 4 at $145 and o v e r . 4 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and othe r pu blic util iti es. 5 D e s c r i p t i o n f o r this o c c u p a t io n has be e n r e v i s e d s i n ce the las t s u r v e y in this a re a . See appen dix A. 8 T able A-2. P rofessional and Technical O ccupation s—Men and W om en (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965) W e ek ly e a r n in g s 1 (sta n d a rd ) S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n N um ber of w orkers A verage w ee k ly h o u rs1 ( standard] N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s ofS M ean2 M e d ia n 2 M id d le ran ge 2 U nder $ 80 $ $ 80 85 $ $ 90 95 $ $ 100 105 $ 110 $ $ $ 115 120 125 $ $ 130 135 $ $ 140 145 $ 150 $ 155 $ S 160 165 and under 170 and 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 7 7 - 8 7 1 - - 18 15 14 12 6 5 41 41 20 20 19 17 17 15 10 9 12 11 5 5 11 11 5 7 7 l 1 2 - 2 2 1 1 1 1 6 9 l 8 - 4 6 2 4 4 7 4 * 2 7 4 2 8 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 5 5 2 2 _ 1 1 _ over 165 170 9 7 10 6 11 3 13 11 _ _ - _ - ~ _ _ _ 160 MEN DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B3-------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 22 1 191 $ $ $ $ 4 1 . 0 1 3 1 .5 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 7 . 5 0 4 1 . 0 1 2 9 . 5 0 1 2 7 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 3 . 0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C 3----------------------------------MANUFACTURING---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------- 162 106 56 40.0 40.0 39.5 98.50 96.00 103.00 95.00 93.50 1 0 8 .0 0 89.50-107.00 9 0 .0 0 - 98.50 84.00-120.00 49 27 40.0 40.5 1 0 4 .5 0 1 0 2 .5 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 93.00-119.00 93.00-132.00 6 17 15 2 40 40 6 20 10 10 ~ 24 21 3 2 2 1 1 5 1 8 5 1 - - WOMEN NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) -----MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a l a r i e s 2 F o r d e f in it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o t n o t e 2, t a b le A - l . 3 D e s c r ip t io n f o r th is o c c u p a t io n h a s b e e n r e v i s e d s i n c e the la s t s u r v e y in t h is a r e a . S ee a p p e n d ix A . and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . 9 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical O ccupations—Men and W omen Combined ( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y h o u r s a n d e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d o n an a r e a b a s i s b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , N e w O r le a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965) Average O cc up a t io n and in dus tr y di v is i o n Weekly earnings 1 (standard) (standard) Weekly of OFFICE OCCUPATIONS CFFICE OCCUPATIONS BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MA CHIN E) ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTUR I N G ------------------- Average 57 25 39.5 39.0 $ 77.00 79.00 BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTUR I N G ------------------RETAIL TRADE ------------------------ 56 56 45 40.0 40.0 39.5 62.00 6 2.00 62.00 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS CLASS A ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------- 125 35 90 39.5 39.5 39.0 80.50 80.50 81.00 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS CLASS 8 ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------RETAIL TRADE ------------------------ 223 46 177 49 39.5 4 0.0 39.5 39.5 68.00 75.50 66.50 64.00 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A — MANUFACTURING-------------------------- 488 117 39.5 40.0 9 8.50 108.00 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B — MANUFACTURING-------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------PUBLIC UTI LIT IE S2 --------------RETAIL T RA DE ------------------------ 777 118 659 263 105 39.0 40. 0 38.5 38.0 40.5 71.50 79.50 70.00 73.00 66.00 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B --------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------- 191 32 159 39.0 40.0 39.0 6 2.50 83.00 58.50 CLERKS, ORDER -------------------------------MANUFACTUR I N G -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING-------------------- 263 30 233 40.0 39.5 4 0.0 75.50 88.50 73.50 CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------RETAIL TR AD E ------------------------ 189 96 93 29 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.5 81.00 87.00 75.00 73.00 COMPTOMETER OPERATORS --------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I ES 2--------------RETAIL TRADE------------------------ 201 193 25 94 3 9.0 39.0 39.0 38.5 6 7.00 6 5.50 79.50 61.50 - Weekly earnings 1 (standard) CFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED Weekly hours 1 (standard) O cc u pa t io n and in dus tr y d i v is i o n Weekly earnings J (standard) CONTINUED KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A -----------MANUFACTURING----------------------------------- 190 63 39.5 40.0 $ 79.50 96.00 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A ----------------------------------------------------- KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -----------MANUFACTUR I N G -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------- 141 42 99 25 39.0 40.0 38.5 40.0 6 8.00 79.00 63.50 61.50 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B ----------------------------------------------------MANUFACTUR I N G -----------------------------------NQNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 99 25 74 38.5 39.5 38.0 88.50 1 0 2 .0 0 84.00 OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLS--------------------------MANUFACTURING-----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC U TI LIT IE S2 ------------------------- 220 36 184 64 39.0 40.0 39.0 38.5 58.00 6 4.50 57.00 6 4.50 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS, GENERAL--------------------------------- -------------NONMANUFACTURING----------------------- 94 71 39.0 38.5 70.50 67.50 SECRETARIES -----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 2-------------------------RETAIL TRADE ----------------------------------- 961 313 646 174 67 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.0 4 0.0 9 5.00 102.00 9 2.00 103.00 84.00 TYPISTS, CLASS A ---------------------------MANUFACTURING--------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------- 2 72 138 134 39.0 40.0 38.5 81.00 89.00 72.50 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 2-------------------------RETAIL TRADE----------------------------------- 1 ,0 0 3 435 568 78.50 88.50 71.00 73.50 6 2.00 482 65 417 105 39.5 4 0.0 39 . 5 38.0 40.5 65.50 74.00 64.00 66.50 61.50 50 39.0 4 0.0 38.5 38.0 39.5 TYP ISTS, CLASS B --------------------------MANUFACTUR I N G ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING--------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S2----------------RETAIL TR AO E ------------------------- STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR -------------------------MANUFACTURING------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 2-------------------------- 216 32 184 98 39.0 40.0 38.5 38.0 8 5.00 87.50 85.00 88.00 SW ITCH BOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A3-----NGNMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 46 36 38.0 37.5 73.00 71.00 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B3-----NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UT IL IT IE S 2-------------------------RETAIL T RA DE ---------------------------------- 246 237 37 67 4 1.0 41.5 39.5 39.5 5 9 . OC 58.00 76.00 5 3.00 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 2-------------------------RETAIL T RAO E ---------------------------------- 207 82 125 33 25 39.5 40.0 39.5 4 0.0 41.5 69.00 72.00 67.50 80.50 64.50 c fo r wh ic h e m p l o y e e Standard ho ur s r e f le c t the w o r T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and other pu bli c ut il iti es. D e s c r i p t i o n f o r this o cc u p a t io n has be e n r e v i s e d si nc e the last s u r v e y in this are a. Weekly hours 1 (standard) O cc u p a t io n and indust ry di v is i o n See appendix A. 210 $ 108.50 121 PROFESSIONAL ANC TECHNICAL CCCUPATICNS DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B 3------------------------------ MANUFACTURING------------------------------- 226 196 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C 3---------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------- 166 109 57 NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) MANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 49 27 131.50 129.50 4 0.0 40.0 39.5 9 8.50 96.00 103.50 104.50 110.00 10 T able A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , N ew O r le a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g sib ra ig h t-tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f Hourly eamings 1 $ 1.60 Number of workers O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Median 2 Middle range 2 $ 1.60 N O N H A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------- N C N MA N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------- $ 2.93 3.05 2.79 3.13 $ 3.20 3.23 2.78 3.19 3.33 100 3.01 3.23 147 2.66 2.97 2.47 2.77 2.98 2.53 J * BOILER — --- "" — —— 73 i i 1 nr n r u i T u r r i u i ki r r t n * r r* H c L r c K S t M A l N l c N A N C t i KAUf c o ~ MA N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------- ini iit n rT fC f 5 rmU DL ItrC U 1 1L 1 I i t j --- MECHANICS, —~ ————— ... u c c l *n r r c ua n tc m u it c MfcCrANlCof MA 1M cNANbt u AN aa. U i ir at ti in iKir N r AC 1 UK 111b - - - - - • -----------— --- NCNn AN U r Ac 1 UK INC u Aiunr A rm n IN fAir HAN Ur AC 1UK b M I L L WR I GHT S — 94 2.33 2.54 2.13 206 L9 9 3.27 3.27 •a 1 42 347 304 2.58 2.83 2.89 544 3.03 3.04 — - 3.00 3.20 2.79 3.00 1.672.08- 3.23 3.36 1.89 1.86 1.95 2.02 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.4 * 7 3 5 1 - J . fO 7 9 0 0 3.07! 3.03- 3.54 3.54 •u 2. 14 2.392.52- 3.23 3.26 3.28 3.26 2.76- 3.44 $ 2.20 $ 2.30 $ 2.40 $ 2.50 $ 2.70 2! • 8 0 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . 20 $ 3.30 $ 3 .40 S S 3.00 $ 3 . 10 S 2 .60 3. 50 3.60 3.70 2.00 2.. 1 0 2. 20 2.30 2.40 2. 50 2.60 2 .70 2.80 2.90 3 . 00 3 . 10 3 . 20 3 . 30 3.40 3 .50 3. 60 3.70 over 8 - 10 9 5 2 - 2 1 1 1 44 32 12 - 3 15 13 3 10 7 2 50 45 13 12 1 1 $ and 2 8 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 ~ 8 1 2 8 3 2 1Z 8 12 11 11 6 _ _ 8 25 13 12 2 - 20 14 14 3 2 1 - 12 11 1 1 37 2 13 6 23 10 13 16 13 2 6 4 1 6 29 12 17 5 3 - 12 12 1 0 1 _ 3 8 4 2 NUNMANUr 0 21 AC 1 UK I NG 20 1 10 ^.uu * 3 2 2 3 1 1 10 1 4 20 8 1 1 8 2 ~ t $ 2.10 32 1 —1 3 13 * 1 19 19 16 38 30 8 1 3 3 15 20 3 - 2 1 1 l 1 l 16 1 1 - - - - 15 30 - 8 61 61 - - - 3 - ° 12 12 12 1 - - ..- - - - - --————— —— — u a rkirciiAur PlAlii 1t(NA NC ct ———— — MANUF ACTUR I NG — ---------------------------------WOR K E R S , MA I NT E NA NC E 3.01 - - 6 - 7 1 * 25 16 8 20 18 32 24 8 8 47 18 29 15 22 13 2 23 3.44- 3.56 2.58 2.60 2.462.50- 2.83 2.83 3.01 2.28 2.132.881.89- 3.24 3.43 3.15 92 3.27 3.26 3.45 3.233.24- 3.52 3.53 33 3.23 3.25 3.22- 3.29 ^95 3.50 3*51 62 58 2.52 2.62 81 2.77 3.10 2.44 — 1 14 14 3 5 48 5 60 30 5 - 5 5 1 21 42 18 1 12 55 15 15 3 3 12 20 ~ ~ 13 o 1 ■ 1 4 - E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3. 70 to $ 3. 80. W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo llo w s : 13 at $ 1 to $ 1. 10; 4 at $ 1 . 30 to $ 1 .4 0 ; and 3 at $ 1 . 4 0 to $ 1 . 5 0 . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 51 21 30 30 1 n rj f rr» lrrn tr rr lfT l r|rcK 5 2.2 2.9 2.1 2.5 1.90 S 1.90 $ 2., 0 0 10 .... --- u n .iic ir n m n HANUrAC 1UK INi rb ... - - - - OA AIN niTCIK UA IftlTCAl AM/“ P V tK of nAIN IcNAN CtC uA AKiiiCArTiin nu M N U r A C 1UK INb i.m ii AN aaiiic i r Tun rki/^ N UNP1 U» AC 1 UK l Nb 1 3.50 3.53 3.30 1.80 2 - --- -------------------------------i r iiT t ir T t c c S rmini UDC 1C U 1 IL 1 1 I t j ------- -------- NONMANUF AC T UR I NG 2 3 4 2 2.962.972.91- S A UT OMOT I VE fl M UA A IN rkiTCMAlirC 1 CiiAiMtt )1 — --uA ii.n A rriui u irb n IMUrr At 1UK IN SHEET-METAL 74 2.24 2.33 2.13 2.23 257 139 118 "" u i r n uIN i lb i r r1rOf M uA i IN in TI ctlNA^tt iiA u rc MAIM u AN iiiiUi rr At ar t1UK i iii INb Hi r* n " 2 $ 3.29 3.29 3.29 1 .o o FI RE MEN* STATIONARY U AkiNUrAL 11C a r Tl ID IfNo I Mr P I Al \ UK $ 2.512.892.16- $ 1.80 and u n d er 1.70 79 74 $ 1.70 3 4 7 7 * “ 2 17 13 * 1 1 3 1 1 15 14 1 26 13 13 10 10 31 11 32 32 33 30 22 2 4 19 - “ 11 Table A-5. Custodial and M aterial M ovement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , N ew O r le a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965) S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e . 12 Table A-5. Custodial and M aterial M ovement O ccupations— Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , New O r le a n s , L a. , F e b r u a r y 1965) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s i r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t--tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— Hourly earnings 2 .5 0 O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n workers TRUCK CM I V E R S 5 ------------------------------------------MA N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------N QN MA N UF A C T U R I N G ------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4--------------------------R E T A I L T R A D E ----------------------------------TR UCKCR IVERS, 1 - 1 /2 TONS) LIGHT TR UCKCR I V E R S , MEDI UM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TC ANC I N C L U D I N G 4 T O N S ) -------------------NCKMANUF A C T U R I N G ------------------------------P U E L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 --------------------------R E T A I L TRADE ----------------------------------TR UCKCR I V E R S * HEAVY ( C V E R 4 T O N S , T R A I L E R T Y P E ) ------------------------------------MA N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------NCNMANUF ACTUR I N G ------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 --------------------------( OVER TYPE) 4 TCNS, -------------- T R U C K E R S , POWER ( F O R K L I F T ) ---------------MANUFACTUR I N G ------------------------------------N C N MA N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 -------------------------T R U C K E R S , POWER ( OT H E R THAN FORKL I F T ) -------------------------------------------------MANUFACTUR I N G ------------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 Median3 3.22 1.68 384 74 1 .57 1.73 1.94 1.98 1.53 1 .58 1 .4 1.5 1.3 1 .2 1 .2 6 1 .3 7 - 310 74 1 .2 4 1 .2 3 - 1 .53 2.22 1 ,50 8 5 95 103 2.12 2.20 2.90 1.77 1.70 3.23 1.65 1 1 2 1 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.2 639 2 .52 100 539 2.42 2 .54 2.28 1.99 2.29 2 .1 4 1 .9 1 2 .1 6 - 3.2 4 3.2 4 3.24 430 2.69 2.29 2 .1 8 - 3.25 302 2.09 2.07 2 .0 3 - 2.10 699 2.2 7 2.42 1.99 2.00 2.24 2.39 1 .9 3 2. 191 .6 4 1 .6 7 - 2.76 2 .91 2.21 2.17 2.33 2.33 2.32 2.20 2 .1 5 2 .1 4 - $ 3.20 $ 3.40 2.00 2.20 2 .4 0 2.6 0 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 over 146 66 80 500 223 277 264 5 298 53 245 89 46 12 34 33 29 29 - 11 4 - - 674 22 ~ - - 6 1 13 10 8 8 2 4 9 9 10 10 - - $ $ $ 50 1.60 1,. 7 0 1.80 1.90 1.20 1.3 0 1.40 1.5 0 1.60 1 .70 1,. 8 0 1.90 16 379 71 196 6 4 ? - - 194 4 1 31 6 3 - - ~ “ “ . 1 3 7 9 and “ _ _ - - - - _ - - - _ - ~ _ ~ _ _ _ - - - ~ ~ ~ - - - - - - 1.10 - - - 5 16 266 32 234 195 124 19 71 30 3 27 ~ “ 10 42 27 3 308 36 8 17 5 16 98 4 94 29 53 21 32 12 142 39 - - 17 5 “ ~ 16 10 _ _ 168 - - 140 2 2 - ~ - - - - - - 18 31 10 6 - 21 10 2 - 18 9 6 1 “ ~ 12 9 308 281 30 7 152 15? 39 33 23 16 33 13 15 2 - - - 8 8 25 19 6 42 14 28 1 30 _ “ 91 11 80 and la te sh ifts . 2 92 44 20 8 3 12 4 4 16 l - . _ 35 “ - - ~ 137 3 134 136 _ - 12 5 7 2 2 - - - 133 88 - - ~ - 4 29 29 - 136 - - “ 1 1 - - - 226 57 16 i - 17 56 12 2 10 _ 51 157 16 - 51 86 6 115 8 146 146 42 8 6 67 61 6 13 4 56 4? . - 131 130 129 1 - 4 - 26 _ - - 3 10 3 _ . - 5 92 “ - “ 4 4 2.39 2.40 D ata lim it e d to m en w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , se e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tr u c k o p e r a t e d . * 3.00 $ 1 5 - 51 44 $ 2.8C $ 1 .40 19 - 3.21 3.26 2.33 2.12 2.13 $ 2.6C $ 1.30 - 2.75 2.09 1 .5 6 2 .1 8 1 .3 2 - 451 248 119 $ 2.4 0 $ 1.2 0 - $ 1 .5 5 1 .5 1 - - $ 2.20 $ 1. 10 - $ 2 4 9 9 $ 2.00 $ 1.00 $ .5 .5 .1 .3 9C .9 0 2.07 2.02 2.14 1 .68 . 80 $ 1,23 6 .8 0 1 .00 70 2.14 1.94 2 6 7 9 70 $ .6 0 2,84 2 675 2, 167 1 ,0 3 6 228 2.2 0 2.8 0 1.82 60 $ $ and u n d er ( UNDER ------------------------------------------- MANUFACTUR I N G ------------------------------------N C N MA N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------R E T A I L T R A D E ----------------------------------- T R U C K C R I V E R S , HEAVY OTHE R THAN T R A I L E R Mean1 3 2 Middle range3 $ $ $ 80 65 19 19 6 18 11 . “ 10 10 _ 38 636 636 - _ - - - - 427 427 42 7 - 247 38 209 209 _ - _ - - - - 8 8 8 - _ _ 8 _ - - - 13 B. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D istrib u tio n o f e sta b lis h m e n ts studied in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by m in im u m en tra n ce sa la r y fo r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s o f in e x p e rie n ce d w om en o ff ic e w o r k e r s , New O rle a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1965) I n e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is t s M a n u fa c t u rin g M in im u m w e e k ly s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r y 1 A ll in d u s t r ie s O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 1 2 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g A ll s c h e d u le s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s M a n u fa c t u r in g A ll in d u s t r ie s B a s e d on s ta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f— A ll s c h e d u le s 40 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g B a s e d on s ta n d a r d w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— A ll s c h e d u le s 40 40 E s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d __________________________________ 164 49 XXX 115 XXX 164 49 XXX 115 XXX E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c if ie d m i n i m u m ____________ 47 13 13 34 24 69 19 18 50 37 u n d e r $42.50 ______________________________ u n d e r $45.00 -------- -------- -------------------------u n d e r $47.50 ______________________________ u n d e r $50.00 ______________________________ u n d e r $52.50 ______________________________ u n d e r $55.00 ___________________ __________ u n d e r $57.50 ______________________________ u n d e r $60.00 __________________ _________ u n d e r $62.50 ------------------------------------------u n d e r $65.00 _____ _______________________ u n d e r $67.50 ______________________________ u n d e r $70.00 ------ ------ -----------------------------u n d e r $72.50 ____ ________________________ u n d e r $75.00 ______________________________ u n d e r $77.50 ______________________________ u n d e r $80.00 ______________________________ u n d e r $82.50 ______________________________ o v e r ______________________________________ 1 2 3 13 3 4 4 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 1 _ - _ 1 _ - - 2 1 2 1 - - 1 1 3 5 23 7 7 4 4 1 5 1 _ 2 1 2 2 _ 1 3 5 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 _ 1 10 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 _ 1 1 3 5 2 2 1 2 1 _ 1 1 1 1 3 4 20 2 5 4 2 3 2 1 1 1 _ 1 1 18 2 3 4 1 _ 2 _ 2 _ 1 1 1 E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g no s p e c if ie d m in im u m ____________ 24 7 XXX 17 XXX 35 11 XXX 24 XXX E s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h d id not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in th is c a t e g o r y --------------------------------------------------------- 92 29 XXX 63 XXX 59 19 XXX 40 XXX D a ta not a v a ila b le _______________________________________ 1 XXX 1 XXX 1 XXX 1 XXX $40.00 $42.50 $45.00 $47.50 $50.00 $52.50 $55.00 $57.50 $60.00 $62.50 $65.00 $67.50 $70.00 $72.50 $75.00 $77.50 $80.00 $82.50 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and - 2 2 1 - - 2 2 1 2 3 11 1 3 4 2 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 1 2 - ~ 1 T h ese s a la r ie s re la te to fo r m a lly e sta b lis h e d m in im u m sta rtin g (h irin g ) r e g u la r s t r a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s that a re paid fo r standard w o rk w e e k s. 2 E x clu d es w o r k e r s in s u b c le r ic a l jo b s such as m e s s e n g e r o r o ff ic e g ir l. 3 Data a re p resen ted fo r a ll standard w o rk w eek s c o m b in e d , and fo r the m o s t co m m o n standard w ork w eek r e p o rte d . - 14 T a b le B-2. Sh ift D iffe re n tia ls (S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s o f m a p u f a c t u r in g p la n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l , N ew O r le a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1965) P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s — In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 fo r — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l S e c o n d s h i ft w ork T h ir d o r o th e r s h i ft w o r k A c t u a lly w o rk in g on — S e c o n d s h ift T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift 7 8 .8 5 1 .2 1 6 .1 5 .0 ------- 6 2 .4 4 9 .3 1 4 .2 4 .9 U n i f o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) ---------------------------------------------- 5 8 .4 4 1 .4 1 3 .1 4 .3 8 .0 .9 .5 .1 T o t a l —............................................................................. W it h s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l — — - — — 5 c e n t s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------c e n t s ___ ________________ ______ __ _____________ 7 cen ts ------- — ------------------------------------8 cen ts ------------------------------------------— 9 c e n t s ------- ------- --------— -----------------1 0 c e nt s ----------------------------------- -- -- ------- -------------1 1 c e n t s -------------------------------------------------1 2 c e n t s ------------------ ---------------------------I 2 V2 c e n t s — _ — ------- - ---------------15 c e n t s — — — — - — 16 c e nt s — __________ __ ___ _________ ___ _________ 2 4 c e n t s - ------------------------------------------------- - 6 U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e 4 p e r cen t 5 p ercen t 1 0 p e r cen t ------— _ ------_ ------- _ — — ------------------------ ---------------_ — — - - ----------- — O th er f o r m a l p a y d iff e r e n t ia lW ith n o s h i f t p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l — - — - — ------— 1 0 .3 3 .8 1 3 .8 - 1 3 .2 - 6 .7 1 .5 - - 2 .0 - 1 .1 1 .1 3 .5 - - .3 .3 .5 1 .7 .3 .3 4 .3 4 .1 3 .8 1 1 .9 4 .4 5 .7 5 .2 1 .0 - 4 .0 1.3 3 .2 - 1 .7 1 .0 .1 1 .1 - .8 .1 _ 2 .7 1 .3 _ - 1 .3 - .1 - 6 .7 - .6 1 .9 1 .9 .1 1 6 .5 1 I n c l u d e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s , e v e n t h o u g h t h e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s . - .7 .4 - a n d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g la te s h ifts 15 T a b le B-3. Sch eduled W eekly H o u rs ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s a n d in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , N ew O r l e a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1 965) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS W e e k ly h o u r s All j industries A l l w o r k e r s --------------------------- U nder ------------ — --------------------------------------- -------- --------- 40 ___________ — ____ 4 4 h o u r s ---------- 40 h ours ___ h ours ___________ ---------- __ — 100 — — _ — 7 67 ________ - 4 7 V2 h o u r s 48 h ours ------- 48 h o u rs 1 2 3 4 ------------------------- ------— (4) 14 ---------- 100 100 100 15 - 1 - 28 - 17 52 _ — --------------------- ---------------- ------------------ -------------- ---------- ----------------------- ------- - Manufacturing (4) 4 Retail trade 100 100 1 - - . 3 - 11 3 - _ 1 3 - - 7 _ 73 65 6 - 2 75 _ 89 _ (4) 3 - - 6 - 3 - 5 ' 1 100 2 (4) 90 _ ____ 2 - 6 ---------- 2 4 (4) - - - - 9 - 15 - 6 - 5 _ - 1 11 2 4 3 1 (4) 19 5 — — _ - -------- (4) 1 1 - (4 ) (4 ) 3 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t . Public 2 utilities 1 ------------------------____ - All 3 industries 1 5 — 4 5 h o u r s __________________________________________________________ O ver 100 __________ -------------- _______________ A Z ll z and u nd er 4 2 V2 h o u r s — 3 7 V 2 h o u r s --------------------------------------- 3 7 V2 a n d u n d e r 40 h ours O ver — Retail trade 3 5 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 h o u rs O v e r 35 and u n d er ^7*/-, h n n r s O ver ---------- Manufacturing Public 2 utilities 40 16 T ab le B-4. P aid H oliday s ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1 965) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Ite m All , industries A l l w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W ork ers in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s L ess 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 96 4 ------------------------------ (4 ) t h a n 5 h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------------------------------- (4 ) 1 6 h o l i d a y s ---------------------------------------------------- 23 p lu s “ ------------------------------ 1 h a l f d a y -------------------------------------------------- _ (4 ) 12 68 90 81 25 32 10 19 4 _ 5 3 - 9 3 66 20 8 4 - 3 2 3 - 49 3 2 4 - 2 - - - - - - Z (4 ) 5 3 h a l f d a y s ---------------------------- -------------- 3 - 4 - 6 h o lid a y s p lu s 4 h a l f d a y s ----------------------------------------------- 2 1 (4 ) 8 2 h a l f d a y s ----------------------------------------------- 6 h o lid a y s p lu s 5 h a l f d a y s ----------------------------------------------- 6 h o lid a y s p lu s 6 h a l f d a y s ----------------------------------------------- 7 h o l i d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 h a l f d a y ---------------- --------- ------------------------------ 7 h o l i d a y s p l u s 2 h a l f d a y s ----------------------------------------------8 h o l i d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 h o lid a y s p lu s 1 h a l f d a y -------------------------------------------------- 8 h o lid a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s — — ------------------------------ 9 h o l i d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 h o l i d a y s p l u s 1 h a l f d a y -------------------------------------------------2 h a lf d a y s — -------------------------------------- 1 0 h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------p lu s 75 4 p lu s 10 h o lid a y s 100 1 p lu s p lu s 100 3 6 h o lid a y s 9 h o lid a y s 100 _ 6 h o lid a y s p lu s Retail trade - 3 7 h o lid a y s Public , utilities L of days 5 h o l i d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 h o lid a y s Manufacturing p r o v id in g n o p a i d h o l i d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------- N um ber Retail trade All 3 industries p r o v id in g p a i d h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------W ork ers Manufacturing Public , utilities L 1 h a l f d a y ----------------------------------------------- 1 1 h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------- 8 5 1 - 5 - 15 6 36 13 (4 ) 2 26 1 1 2 - 1 3 49 - 11 < !} (4 ) - - 12 (4 ) - - 18 53 - 19 - - - 6 - 16 3 1 16 1 24 - 1 1 - 24 16 3 1 4 - 1 2 (4 ) 2 1 - - - - - 1 - - - 2 (4 ) (4 ) - - " ~ 1 3 " ' . 1 3 - 1 3 - - - 29 - 2 C ) (4 ) - - - - - - - - - “ - - - T o ta l h o lid a y tim e 5 1 1 d a y s ---------------I 0 V2 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------------- o r m o r e ------------------------------------------------------ -------- 1 0 d a y s o r m o r e -----------------------------------------------------------------------o r m o r e --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 9 V2 d a y s 9 days 26 - - 2 5 - - 25 - 2 5 - - 3 8 1 - o r m o r e --------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 26 33 - 3 8 1 - 51 78 4 21 33 30 2 54 79 49 53 7 V2 d a y s 7 days (4 ) 2 o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 V2 d a y s 8 days - (4 ) 2 o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------------------- o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 V2 d a y s o r m o r e --------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 33 74 88 97 22 44 54 83 8 75 88 97 26 46 57 83 11 98 100 100 92 4 30 2 66 65 87 59 5 days o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99 100 100 95 71 68 87 69 4 days o r m o r e ________________________________________________ 100 100 96 71 68 87 69 3 o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99 99 99 6 days o r m o r e --------------------------------------- days ------------------------------ 1 d a y o r m o r e ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 100 96 71 68 87 69 100 100 96 75 68 90 81 1 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 5 A l l c o m b in a t i o n s o f f u l l a n d h a lf d a y s th a t a d d to the s a m e im o u n t a r e c o m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 7 d a y s w it h 7 fu l l d a y s a n d no h a lf d a y s , 6 f u l l d a y s a n d 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 L iL d a y s ■ ml 4 h a lf d a y s , a n d s o o n . P r o p o r t i o n s w e r e th e n c u m u l a t e d . 1 2 3 in c lu d e s th ose 17 T ab le B-5. Paid V a c a tio n s1 ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e and p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , N e w O r l e a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1965) PLA N T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K ER S V a c a t io n p o l i c y AU in d u strie s A l l w o r k e r s _________________________________________ 100 M a n u fac tu rin g P u b lic 3 utilitie s R e ta il trad e AU 4 in du stries M an u factu rin g P u b lic 3 utilitie s R e ta il trad e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 100 100 88 98 79 96 96 98 93 - 5 12 M eth od o f p a y m en t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s _____________________________________ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t .................. ............... ................ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ___________________________ F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t ______________________________ O t h e r _________________________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g no p a id v a c a t i o n s ------------------ ---------- ------------------ ------- 99 99 ( 5) 99 (5) _ - (5) - - - 1 - 7 - 5 3 - 3 2 4 2 3 24 4 6 _ _ 16 9 30 40 - - - - - 3 55 37 3 - A m ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 6 A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k ____________________________ __________________ 1 w e e k ____________________________________________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________ 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (5) 43 11 1 (5) 23 24 ( 5) _ _ 45 7 4 35 - " A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _________________________________________________ 1 w e e k ____________________________________________________________ 2 w e e k s __________________________________________________________ O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________ 3 w e e k s __________________________________________________________ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 24 75 (5) 8 49 51 59 30 64 92 53 47 22 55 40 - - 1 2 - - - - - 3 7 " " 3 34 - A fte r 2 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _________________________________________________ 1 w e e k ___________________________________________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________________ 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________ 3 w e e k s _______________________________________________ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 9 5 7 19 93 81 41 4 44 54 86 4 19 77 29 34 3 59 - - 1 2 - - 58 3 3 7 - - 3 25 ( 5) - - - 6 - A fte r 3 y e a r’s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k ________________________ ________________________ 1 w e e k ________________________________________________ ___________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 w e e k s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______________________________ 3 w e e k s ___________________________________________________________ _ _ _ . 1 _ _ 6 5 - 15 23 (5) 1 - 2 - - 72 23 98 84 65 28 5 58 6 - 89 - 1 2 - - 67 3 - 1 - 3 7 1 85 9 (5) A fte r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k _________________________________________________ 1 w e e k _________________________________________________ O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s _______________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s -----------------------------------3 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------------- S e e f o o t n o t e s a t en d o f t a b le . _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 6 5 - 15 (5) 85 9 ( 5) - 1 - 98 84 26 7 58 6 - 72 23 23 3 65 89 - 1 2 - - 3 7 1 1 3 25 - 67 3 18 T a b le B-5. Paid V acatio n s1— C ontinued ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e an d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , N e w O r l e a n s , L a ., F e b r u a r y 1 965) OFFICE WORKERS P LANT WORKERS V a c a t io n p o l i c y All , industries Manufacturing Public , utilities 5 Retail trade All 4 industries Manufacturing 3 Public , utilities Retail trade A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 6 — C o n t in u e d A fte r 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e U n d er 1 w e e k ______________________________________ w e e k ________ ____________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __ __________ __ ____ _ ____ w eeks _ _ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _________ _ __________ ___ 3 w eeks _ - _ _ ___ 1 2 . 2 - 84 2 12 _ _ . 3 - 4 _ - _ 90 93 68 - 29 (5) 10 1 3 1 11 1 75 2 8 _ _ 9 (5) 3 14 74 94 _ _ 68 2 13 _ 1 3 9 A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n der 1 w e e k _ _____ __ ___ w e e k _____________________________________________________________ w eeks _ _ ___________ _ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _ ___ ___ ___________ 3 w eeks _ _ ___ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ___ ______________ _____ 4 w e e k s ___ ____________ _ ___________________________________ 1 2 . 2 2 54 34 7 (5) . 3 18 1 56 23 (5) _ - 43 - 57 . 4 88 1 7 _ _ - - 1 9 55 5 22 3 2 _ _ 8 8 (5) 52 46 24 7 5 3 14 61 43 3 17 _ _ - - (5 ) 39 57 3 14 51 3 27 _ _ - - - A f t e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k ___ _______________________________________ __ w e e k ________________________________________________________ __ w e e k s ___ ___________ ___ ______________ ____________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s - _ _____ __________ 3 w e e k s ___ ___ _ ________________________________________ __ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ___ _______ ______________ 4 w eeks. _ _________ _____________________________________ 1 2 _ 2 49 3 38 7 (5) _ 3 15 2 56 23 1 _ _ 1 4 67 9 47 63 29 - - 30 3 - - - 37 - 1 6 2 _ 8 37 9 32 7 5 _ A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k __ — _ w e e k ______________________________ _________ ___________ __ w eeks O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___ __________ ___ 3 w e e k s ____________________________________ ________________ O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s .. _ _ ____ ___ ___ 4 w e e k s _________________________________________________________ _ O v e r 4 w e e k s ________ _______ _ ___ _________________ _ 1 2 _ _ 32 12 (5 ) 56 - - 61 92 29 24 - - 2 2 8 - 3 1 _ - 8 _ 4 66 1 " - 1 9 40 3 37 3 2 (5 ) _ 8 33 4 39 8 6 1 _ 75 3 14 51 3 27 _ _ - - (5 ) 20 _ - A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ w e e k ___________________________________________________________ w e e k s ___________________________________________________ ____ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _______ __ __________ ___ 3 w e e k s __ _________________________ _________ __ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _________________________ 4 w e e k s _____________ _____ __ ________ __ „ __ 1 2 S ee fo o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e . _ 2 . _ _ 3 - 4 28 12 (5) 48 - - 54 69 28 - - 23 7 2 19 1 1 29 2 8 60 1 1 9 38 4 31 3 8 3 _ 8 28 5 40 8 2 7 (5) 20 _ 46 _ 29 3 14 48 3 20 _ 9 19 T a b le B-5. Paid V a c a tio n s1— C ontinued ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1 965) PLA N T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K ER S V a c a t io n p o l i c y A ll 2 in d u strie s M a n u fac tu rin g P u b lic 3 u tilities R e ta il trad e All 4 indu stries M an u factu rin g P u b lic 3 utilitie s R e ta il trad e A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 6— C o n t in u e d A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------------------------1 w e e k ---------------------------------------— _____ — ------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s -----------------------------------------3 w e e k s ___________ ___________ ________ ___ ____ ____ __________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s -----------------------------------------4 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------- --------- ------- 1 3 - 4 9 8 28 (5) 31 12 - 8 - 60 52 15 1 21 - 28 5 24 (5) 38 4 17 3 71 21 22 - 3 18 7 2 37 1 30 3 - 1 - 8 ( 5_) 20 9 - 3 14 48 3 13 - 67 17 - - A f t e r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k --------------------- ------- -------------------------------1 w e e k __________ ______ __ ________ __________ __ _______ 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------- -----------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s -----------------------------------------3 w p p l f s .. .... - ... .. O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s -----------------------------------------4 w e e k s _____________________________ _________ ______________ O v e r 4 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------- . . _ _ 1 _ _ 2 3 - 4 9 8 (5) 12 - 8 - 60 52 21 - 15 28 5 24 - 38 4 17 3 70 21 22 18 7 28 (5) 31 ( 5) 37 1 1 30 3 1 1 3 8 20 9 - 65 3 14 48 3 13 - 17 2 " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f it s b e y o n d b a s i c p la n s to w o r k e r s w ith 1 I n c lu d e s b a s i c p la n s o n l y . E x c l u d e s p la n s s u c h a s v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s a n d t h o s e p la n s w h ic h o f f e r " e x t e n d e d 1 q u a l if y i n g le n g t h s o f s e r v i c e . T y p i c a l o f s u c h e x c l u s i o n s a r e p la n s in the s t e e l , a lu m in u m , a n d c a n in d u s t r i e s . ^ l nd de o cs rda l a ta f; ITnn cnlu f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . 4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 5 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 6 I n c lu d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t im e , " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d to a n e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n a n d do n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n s . F o r e x a m p le , th e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s in d ic a t e d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s . E s t i m a t e s a r e c u m u l a t i v e . T h u s , th e p r o p o r t i o n r e c e i v i n g 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r 5 y e a r s in c lu d e s t h o s e w h o r e c e i v e 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . 20 T ab le B-6. H ealth, Insurance, and Pension P lan s ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f it s , 1 N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965) O F F IC E W O R K ER S T y p e o f b e n e fit A l l w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------- A ll 2 in d u strie s M a n u fac tu rin g PLA N T W ORKERS P u b lic 3 u tilities R e ta il trad e All 4 in du stries M an u factu rin g P u b lic 3 u tilities R e ta il trad e 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 98 91 80 83 92 69 59 47 39 44 51 54 31 66 88 52 72 60 73 53 51 S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e __________ S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y a n d n o w a it in g p e r i o d ) -------------------------- ------- -----S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t ia l p a y o r w a it in g p e r i o d ) ---------- — --------- --------------- 33 39 5 31 43 66 31 25 30 55 25 33 14 15 3 14 18 23 25 23 11 - 31 22 H o s p i t a l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ------- -------------------------S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e ____ — __________ _______ M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e --------------------------------------------------C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e --------------------------------------- 57 57 43 98 98 96 96 71 66 71 78 78 41 24 64 91 91 74 R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n ------------------------------------------------ 77 75 65 48 72 54 42 23 13 47 o r p e n s io n p la n --------- 2 1 8 ------ 100 100 L if e i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------------------------------------A c c id e n ta l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e - _______________________________________ S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 1 5 - _____ ____________ - _ 4 3 2 95 54 ---------- W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g : N o h e a lt h , in s u ra n ce , 12 91 3 51 28 26 57 68 43 29 55 13 12 68 71 5 21 1 I n c lu d e s t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t t h o s e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. 2 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . 4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 5 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k le a v e o r s i c k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w . S ic k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to t h o s e w h ic h d e f in i t e ly e s t a b l i s h at l e a s t th e m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . I n f o r m a l s i c k l e a v e a ll o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n a n in d iv id u a l b a s is a r e e x c lu d e d . 21 T a b le B-7. P aid Sick L eave ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y f o r m a l s i c k le a v e p r o v i s i o n s , N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1 965) PLA N T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S S ic k le a v e p r o v i s i o n An A ll i in d u strie s M a n u fac tu rin g P u b lic 2 utilitie s 100. 0 100. 0 M an u factu rin g 100. 0 P u b lic 2 u tilities 100. 0 48. 5 77. 7 5 0. 5 5 5. 6 14. 9 34. 3 36. 1 5 1. 5 22. 3 49. 5 44. 2 74. 4 85. 1 65. 7 63. 9 U n ifo r m p la n : 4 N o w a it in g p e r i o d 5--------------------------------------------F u ll p a y ----------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s _____________________________________ 6 d a y s ------------------------------- ---------------------1 0 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------1 2 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------F u ll p a y p lu s p a r t i a l p a y ---------------------------W a itin g p e r i o d __________________________________ F u ll p a y ----------------------------------------------------------P a r t i a l p a y o n l y -------------------------------------------- 2 4. 24. 3. 1. 17. 1. . 1. . 1. 46. 6 46. 6 3 .9 2. 0 40. 1 - 2 1 .8 1 1 .9 11. 2 4. 4 12. 9 1 - 17. 8 17. 8 7. 1 3. 3 4. 6 2. 9 1 .7 1 .7 - 3. 2 3. 2 . 1 3. 0 3. 8 3. 8 G r a d u a t e d p l a n 4— A f t e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v i c e : N o w a it in g p e r i o d ----------------------------------------------F u ll p a y 5 --------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s --------------------------------------------------------1 0 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------F u ll p a y p lu s p a r t i a l p a y 5 ________________ 1 0 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------P a r t i a l p a y o n l y -------------------------------------------W a itin g p e r i o d __________________________________ F u ll p a y ----------------------------------------------------------F u ll p a y p lu s p a r t i a l p a y ---------------------------P a r t i a l p a y o n l y -------------------------------------------- 7. 8 4. 3 2. 3 .7 1. 2 1. 2 2 .4 14. 2 9 .2 . 2 4. 8 7. 5. 3. . 2. 2. 23. 23. - 14. 3 5. 8 2. 5 7. 7 . 5 1. 6 . 3 4 .4 .8 8. 0 7. 6 .4 ( 6) in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id s i c k l e a v e ---------------------------------------in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g a l p a id s i c k l e a v e _______________________ 8 2 5. 100 . R e ta il trad e 100. 0 W ork ers fo r m a l W ork ers no fo r m 100. 0 R e ta il trad e All 3 indu stries 0 100. 0 T yp e and am ount o f s ic k l e a v e p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly G r a d u a t e d p l a n 4— A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : N o w a it in g p e r i o d ----------------------------------------------F u ll p a y 5 --------------------------------------------------------30 d a y s ------------------------ ---------------------------F u ll p a y p lu s p a r t i a l p a y 5 ------------------------35 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------50 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------60 d a y s ------------------------- --------------------------70 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------P a r t i a l p a y o n l y -------------------------------------------W a it in g p e r i o d ---------------------------------------------------F u ll p a y __________________________ ;_____________ F u ll p a y p lu s p a r t i a l p a y ---------------------------P a r t i a l p a y o n l y -------------------------------------------- 8 5 2 0 9 0 4 3 2 7 7 0 7 . 8 . 1 16. 3 3. 4 . 3 . 3 21 2 3. 1 1. 1 .8 2. 0 .9 . 5 1. 9 1. 5 - 1 .2 . 0 _ _ 2. 0 2. 0 - 1 .8 3. 3 3. 3 . 2 2. 5 24. 2 .7 23. 4 21 .4 10. 4 10. 4 4. 3 4. 3 6. 7 14. 8 12. 9 1. 5 . 3 4. 2 . 5 _ . 0 5. 4 2. 4 2. 6 .9 23. 2 2 3. 2 - 26. 7 3. 3 2. 5 23. 4 23. 4 1. 7 .7 8 - - 34. 3 10. 4 10. 4 17. 2 4. 3 12. 9 6. 7 1. 9 1. 5 . 3 38. 1 7 .9 0 0 2 2 8 1 .0 12. 9 ( 6) 1 .9 1 .9 1 .7 6 .9 2. 2 1. 3 3 .4 8 2 - .4 . 2. 2. - 4. 7 7. .7 . 5 ( 6) 6 .4 1 .0 1 .5 .8 2. 5 1. 7 2. 9 .6 1 .8 2 0 0 0 10. 1 10. 1 3. 4. 2. 3. 3. - 7 0 5 2 2 . 3 . 3 _ . 3 _ _ 23. 1 4. 7 18. 4 10. 4 _ _ 18. . . 18. 18. 8. 4. 3. 16. 2 7 3 3 4 4 7 7 9 “ _ 3. 9 3. 9 6. 5 12. 2 5. 8 4. 8 1. 6 9. 3. 5. 6. 6. 4. 1. 7 9 8 5 5 8 6 P r o v is io n s f o r a ccu m u la tio n W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s h a v in g p r o v is io n s f o r a c cu m u la tio n o f u n u s e d s i c k l e a v e ------------------------------------------------- 1 5 .4 6 5. 0 ■ I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 " U n i f o r m p l a n s " a r e d e f in e d a s t h o s e f o r m a l p la n s u n d e r w h ic h a n e m p l o y e e , a f t e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v i c e , is e n t it l e d to th e s a m e n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a id s i c k le a v e e a c h year. " G r a d u a t e d p l a n s " a r e d e f in e d a s t h o s e f o r m a l p la n s u n d e r w h ic h a n e m p l o y e e 's l e a v e v a r i e s a c c o r d i n g to le n g t h o f s e r v i c e . P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily ch o s e n . E s t i m a t e s r e f l e c t p r o v i s i o n s a p p l ic a b l e a t th e s t a t e d le n g t h o f s e r v i c e b u t d o n o t r e f l e c t p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . T h u s , th e p r o p o r t i o n r e c e i v i n g 15 d a y s ' s i c k le a v e a f t e r 1 0 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e m a y a l s o r e c e i v e th is a m o u n t a f t e r g r e a t e r o r l e s s e r le n g t h s o f s e r v i c e . 5 M a y in c lu d e p r o v i s i o n s o t h e r th a n t h o s e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y . N u m b e r s o f d a y s s h o w n u n d e r " F u l l p a y p lu s p a r t i a l p a y " a re d a y s f o r w h ic h w o r k e r s r e c e i v e s i c k le a v e a t f u l l p a y ; w o r k e r s a r e e n t it l e d t o a d d i t io n a l d a y s o f s i c k le a v e at p a r t i a l p a y . 6 L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t . 1 2 3 22 T a b le B-8. P rofit-Sharing P lan s ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e and p la n t w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p r o f i t - s h a r i n g p l a n s , 1 b y t y p e o f p la n , N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b r u a r y 1965) PLA N T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K ER S T y p e o f p la n A ll 2 in d u strie s M a n u fac tu rin g P u b lic 3 u tilitie s R e ta il trad e AH 4 in du stries M an u factu rin g A l l w o r k e r s __________________________________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p r o f i t - s h a r i n g p l a n s ______________________________ 12 10 4 20 7 5 P la n s p r o v id i n g f o r c u r r e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n ____________________________________ 1 P la n s p r o v id i n g f o r d e f e r r e d d i s t r i b u t i o n ____________________________________ 10 P la n s p r o v id i n g f o r b o t h c u r r e n t and d e f e r r e d d i s t r i b u t i o n _________________________ 1 3 10 1 1 19 5 2 1 80 93 P u blic 3 u tilities 100 1 R e ta il tr a d e 100 13 (5 ) 5 1 10 3 P la n s p r o v id i n g f o r e m p l o y e e 's c h o i c e o f m e t h o d o f d i s t r i b u t i o n _______________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p r o f i t - s h a r i n g p l a n s ______________________________ 88 90 96 95 99 87 1 The s tu d y w a s li m it e d to f o r m a l p la n s (1) h a v in g e s t a b l is h e d f o r m u l a s f o r th e a l l o c a t i o n o f p r o f i t s h a r e s a m o n g e m p l o y e e s ; (2 ) w h o s e f o r m u la s w e r e c o m m u n i c a t e d to th e e m p l o y e e s in a d v a n c e o f th e d e t e r m in a t io n o f p r o f i t s ; (3) th a t r e p r e s e n t a c o m m i t m e n t b y th e c o m p a n y to m a k e p e r i o d i c c o n t r ib u t io n s b a s e d on p r o f i t s ; and (4 ) in w h ic h e l i g i b i l i t y e x t e n d s t o a m a j o r i t y o f th e o f f i c e o r p la n t w o r k e r s . 2 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . 4 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 5 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . Appendix A. Changes in Occupational Descriptions Draftsman. The revised descriptions for draftsman (class A, B, and C; and draftsman-tracer) replace the previous designations for drafts man (leader, senior, and junior; and tracer) and emphasize the distinction between drafting and design skills. Therefore, if data are presented for any of these occupations, such data are not comparable to data previously published. In areas where current employment and earnings information was collected largely by mail this year and will be collected by a personal visit by Bureau field economists next year, data for these occupations will be presented next year. Since the Bureau’s last survey, occupational descriptions for draftsman and switchboard operator were revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific categories. Switchboard operator* The revised description for switchboard operator arranges these workers into two defined classes (A and B) instead of a single category, clarifying the criteria of types of calls handled and types of information provided. The combination of class A and class B data, where both are published, is comparable to the single designation, if previously published. The revised occupational descriptions are included in appendix B. 23 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau* s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O FF IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A. Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e t c ., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The oper ation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers' ledger record. The ma chine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment's busi ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary 25 26 CLERK, ACCOUNTING—Continued ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B, Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A. In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C. Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi fication system ( e . g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER—Continue d to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, followup orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating woikers* earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as woiker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR CLERK, ORDER Receives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application 27 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR—Continued STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also setup and maintain files, keep records, etc. Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, e t c ., are referred to supervisor. OR OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accu racy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, e tc .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SECRETARY SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. Class A. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Per forms full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-time assignment. ("Full" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e. g . , because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which extensions are appropriate for c alls.) STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) Class B. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform limited telephone information service. (’’Limited" telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily under standable for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e . g . , giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls are referred to another operator.) 28 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties* This typing or clerical woik may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard* TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing woik. The work typically involves portions of a woik unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations. TRANSCRBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical account ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others* Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required* The complete reporting and tabulating assign ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced oper ator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include woiking supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The woric typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro cedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e t c ., with Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A. Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu ation, e t c ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B. Performs one or more of the following? Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 29 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN—Continued DRAFTSMAN Class A, Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen. Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work ass Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities, strengths, stresses, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy. Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. MAINTENANCE Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are less complete when assignments recur. Woik may be spot-checked during progress. DRAFTSMAN-TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.) and/or Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items. is closely supervised during progress. Work NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse'who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenters handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 30 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES—Continued Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician's handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning woiking areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex cluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Assists one or more woikers in the dulled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci fications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of woik, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the woiking properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re quired for his woik; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist's woik normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 31 MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) OILER Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Woik involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of die auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the woik of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the followings Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following? Knowledge of surface peculi arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 32 TOOL AND DIE MAKER—Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish ment. Work involves most of the followings Planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metalworking machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker* s handtools and precision measuring instru ments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabri cation as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; woiking to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work inCUSTODIAL AND For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MATERIAL M OVE ME NT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apart ment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Woikers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following; Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Woikers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on torn, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory woiking areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A woricer employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting ma terials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. 33 ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con tainer employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following; Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1V2 tons) Truckdriver, medium ( IV 2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK TRUCKER, POWER Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than foiklift) For wage study purposes, woikers are classified as follows: WATCHMAN Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request-----The fifth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1422, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1964. 40 cents a copy. Occupational Wage Surveys A lis t of the latest available bulletins is presen ted below . A d ir e c to ry indicating dates of e a r lie r studies, and the p r ic e s of the bulletins is available on requ est. Bulletins m ay be purchased from the Superintendent of D ocum ents, U.S. Governm ent Printing O ffice, Washington, D .C ., 20402, or fro m any of the BLS region al sa les o ffic e s shown on the inside front cover. A rea Bulletin number and p r ic e Akron, Ohio, June 1964 1_____________________________ Albany—Schenectady—T roy , N .Y ., A p r. 1965________ Albuquerque, N. M e x ., Apr. 1964 1__________________ Allentown—Bethlehem —Easton, P a.—N .J ., Feb. 1965Atlanta, G a ., M ay 1964 1 _____________________________ B altim ore, M d ., Nov. 19641 _________________________ Beaumont—P o rt Arthur, T ex ., May 1964 1___________ B irm ingham , A la., Apr. 1964 1_______________________ B oise City, Idaho, July 1964 1 -_______________________ Boston, M a ss., Oct. 1 9 641 ___________________________ 1385-80, 1430-52, 1385-61, 1430-48, 1385-73, 1430-27, 1385-70,* 1385-63, 1430-1, 1430-16, 25 25 25 20 25 30 25 25 25 30 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N .Y ., D ec. 1964 1____________________________ Burlington, V t., M ar. 1965 1__________________________ Canton, Ohio, Apr. 1964*. C harleston, W. V a ., Apr. 19641 Charlotte, N .C ., Apr. 19 641 ----------Chattanooga, T en n .-G a ., Sept. 19641_____________ Chicago, 111., Apr. 19641 _________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio—K y ., M ar. 1964 1________________ Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 19641 _____________________ Colum bus, Ohio, Oct. 19 641 ______________________ 14301430* 13851385. 1385143013851385. 14301430- 30 25 25 25 25 25 30 25 30 30 cents cents cents cents cents cents D allas, T ex ., Nov. 19641 _________________________ Davenport—R ock Island^M oline, Io w a Ill., Oct. 1964 1 . Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1965-_________________________ D enver, C o lo ., D ec. 1964_________________________ Des M oines, Iowa, Feb. 1965_____________________ D etroit, M ich ., Jan. 1965 1_________ __ ____________ F ort Worth, T ex ., Nov. 1964 1- ______— —_________ G reen Bay, W is ., Aug. 1964 1____________ _________ G reen ville, S.C ., May 19641______________________ Houston, T ex ., June 1964 1 ________________________ 1430-25, 30 cents 143014301430. 1430* 1430* 1430. 143013851385- 20, 31, 32, 47, 43, 24, 3, 68, 81, 25 25 25 20 30 30 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Indianapolis, Ind., D ec. 1964______________________ Jackson, M iss ., Feb. 1965__________________ — — Ja ck son v ille, F la ., Jan. 1965 Kansas City, M o.—K ans., Nov. 1964_______________ L aw rence—H averhill, M a ss.—N .H ., June 1964 1 __ Little R ock—North Little Rock, A rk., Aug. 19 641. L os A n geles—Long Beach, C a lif., Mar. 1964 1 ___ L ou isv ille, K y.—Ind., Feb. 1965 1__________________ Lubbock, T ex ., June 19641________________________ M anchester, N .H ., Aug. 19641 ____________________ M em phis, T en n ., Jan. 1965——— ___-__ —— __ -_____ 1430- 30, 1430- 4 4 , 1430- 38, 1430- 26, 1385- 76, 1430- 7, 1385- 59, 1430- 42, 1385- 75, 1430- 4, 1430- 40, 25 20 25 25 25 25 30 25 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 36, 51, 64, 57, 55, 10, 66, 58, 13, 18, Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. cents cents cents cents A rea M iam i, F la ., D ec. 1964________________ M ilwaukee, W is., Apr. 1964— — _________ _____ M inneapolis—6t. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1965 1________ M uskegon—M uskegon Heights, M ich ., May 1964 1 Newark and J e r se y City, N .J., Feb. 1965New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1965____________ New O rlean s, L a., Feb. 1965 1___________ New Y ork, N .Y ., Apr. 19641_____________ N orfolk—P ortsm outh and Newport News— Hampton, V a ., June 1964________________ Oklahoma City, O kla., Aug. 1964 1 ______ Bulletin number and p rice 143013851430* 13851430* 143014301385- 29, 56, 39, 71, 45, 34, 53, 72, 25 25 30 25 25 25 30 40 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1385- 77, 20 cents 1430- 5, 25 cents Omaha, N ebr.—Iowa, Oct. 1964_________________________ Pater son—C lifton —P a s sa ic , N .J., May 1964 1 _____ —— Philadelphia, P a .-N .J ., Nov. 19641____________________ Phoenix, A r iz ., Mar. 1964 1__-_______ —_______ _______ _ Pittsburgh, P a ., Jan. 19651_________________________ ___ Portland, Maine, Nov. 1964____________________ ________ Portland, Or eg .—W ash., May 1964 1__________________ __ P rovid en ce—Pawtucket, R .I.—M a ss., May 1964_______ — Raleigh, N .C ., Sept. 1964------------------------------------------ ----Richm ond, V a ., Nov. 1964___________________________ __ 1430-17, 1385-62, 1430-28, 1385-54, 1430-41, 1430-21, 1385-67, 1385-65, 1430-6, 1430-19, 25 25 35 25 30 25 25 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents R ock ford, 111., Apr. 1964 1______________________________ St. Lou is, M o.—111., Oct. 19641 Salt Lake City, Utah, D ec. 1964 1_____________________ — San Antonio, T ex ., June 1964___________________________ San B ernardino—R iv ersid e-O n ta rio, C a lif., 1385-60, 1430-22, 1430-33, 1385-74, 25 30 25 20 cents cents cents cents San D iego, C a lif., Sept. 1964 1_____ _____ ____ San F ra n cis co-O akland, C a lif., Jan. 19651— Savannah, G a., May 1964 1---------------——______ Scranton, P a., Aug. 1964-------------------------------Seattle, W ash., Sept. 1964___________________ 1430-8, 1430-12, 1430-37, 1385-69, 1430-2, 1430-9, 20 25 25 25 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux F a lls, S. Dak., Oct. 1964_______________ South Bend, Ind., M ar. 1964 1_________________ Spokane, W ash., May 1964-^___________________ T oledo, Ohio, Feb. 19651 _____________________ Trenton, N .J., D ec. 1964 1____________________ Washington, D .C .—Md.—Va., Oct. 19641______ W aterbury, Conn., M ar. 1965_________________ W aterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1964 1___________ W ichita, K ans., Sept. 19641________ W orcester, M ass., June 19641- ____ York, P a., Feb. 1965_______________ 1430. 15, 1385- 51, 1385- 78, 1430* 50, 1430- 35, 1430. 14, 1430* 49, 1430- 23, 1430. 11 , 1385- 79, 1430- 46, 20 25 20 25 25 30 20 25 25 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents