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Occupational Wage Survey UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BU REAU OF LABO R STATISTICS Ew an CIo rm , CemmisNoner Occupational Wage Survey MINNEAPOLIS - ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA JANUARY 1958 B u lle tin N o. 1224-10 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Jam es P. Mitchell, Secretary BU REAU OF LABO R STATISTICS Ew an Claflua, ComwiiiMon«r April 1958 Contents Preface Page The Community Wage Survey Program Wage trends for selected occupational groups____________________ The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A preliminary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin summarizing the results of all of the year !s surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. Tables: 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey _______ 2: Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percent of increase for selected periods_____________ 4 A: Occupational earnings * A -l: Office occupations__________________________________ A - 2: Professional and technical occupations_____________ A - 3: Maintenance and powerplant occupations____________ A -4: Custodial and material movement occupations ______ 5 8 9 10 2 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions * B -l: Shift differentials___________________________________ B-2: Minimum entrance rates for women office workers_ B -3: Scheduled weekly h ou rs_____________________________ B-4: Overtime pay________________________________________ B-5: Wage structure characteristics and labormanagement agreements _____ B-6: Paid holidays_______ ___________ __________ -■ B -7: Paid vacations_______________________________ - -------B-8: Health, insurance, and pension plans_______________ 15 16 18 20 Appendix: Job descriptions_______________________________________ 21 * NOTE: Similar tabulations for most of these items are availa ble in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area reports for November 1951, November 1952, November 1953, November 1954, December 1955, and March 1957. The latter report was limited to occupational earnings. Prior to the present report no tabulations had been presented for wage structure characteristics or labor-management agreements except in the 1953 report, which also provides a tabulation of overtime pay provisions. The 1954 report also in cluded data on frequency of wage payments, and pay provisions for holidays falling on nonworkdays. A directory indicating date of study and the price *of the reports, as well as reports for other major areas, is available upon request. A current report on occupational earnings and supplementary wage practices is also available for the machinery industries in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area (January 1958). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, localtransit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. iii 4 12 13 14 14 Occupational W age Survey - Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.* Introduction The Minneapolis-St. Paul area is one of several important industrial centers in which the Department of Labor *s Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In each area, data are obtained by visits of Bureau field agents to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies, besides railroads, are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer, than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion.1 Wherever possible, sepa rate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as re lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational clas sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same job (see appendix for listing of these descriptions). Earnings data are presented (in the A-series tables) for the following types of occupa tions: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) mainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material movement. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-ofliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is * This report was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Chicago, III., by Woodrow C. Linn, under the direction of George E. Votava, Regional Wage and Industrial Relations Analyst. 1 See table on page 2 for minimum-size establishment covered. to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earn ings data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented also (in the B-series tables) on se lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they re late to office and plant workers. The term "office workers," as used in this bulletin, includes all office clerical employees and ex cludes administrative, executive, professional, and technical per sonnel. "Plant workers" include working foremen and allnonsupervisory work ers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Administrative, executive, professional, and technical employees, and force-account construction employees who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are ex cluded in manufacturing industries, but are included as plant workers in nonmanufacturing industries. Shift differential data (table B -l) are limited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) estab lishment policy,2 presented in terms of total plant worker employ ment, and (b) effective practice, presented on the basis of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the clas sification "other" was used. In establishments in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. Minimum entrance rates (table B-2) relate only to the estab lishments visited. They are presented on an establishment, rather than on an employment basis. Overtime pay practices; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office 2 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. 2 workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Scheduled hours, wage structure characteristics, and labor-management agreements are treated sta tistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority are covered.3 Because of rounding, sums of individual items in these tabulations do not necessarily equal totals. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the num ber of whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday time. The third section presents a list of the paid holidays and the proportions of workers to whom they are granted annually. The summary of vacation plans is limited to formal arrange ments, excluding informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation allowances, payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week’s pay* Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen’s compensation and social security. Such plans include those underwritten by a com- mercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,4 plans are included only if the employer (l) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick-leave plans are limited to formal plans 5 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker *b pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are provided according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to, the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. 4 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 5 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave that 3 Scheduled weekly hours for office workers (first section of table B-3).were presented in earlier years in terms of the propor could be expected by each employee. Such a plan need not be written, tion of women office workers employed in offices with the indicated but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded. weekly hours for women workers. Table 1: E stab lish m ents and w orkers within scope of survey and number studied in M in n ea p olis-S t. P aul, M inn. , 1 by m ajor industry d ivision , January 1958 Industry division A ll divisions . . Manufacturing _ _ ................. .... . .. . Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ ........ _ . ....... Transportation (excluding ra ilr o a d s), com m u nica tion, and other public u tilities 4 _........................ _ _ W h olesale trade .............. . . Retail trade -------_ -----F inance, insurance, and real estate . ----S e rvices 6 . - - - - - - 1 Minimum employment in e sta b lish - Number of establishm en ts Studied of study Within scope of study 2 51 1 ,0 1 3 51 51 418 595 51 51 51 51 51 138 206 90 93 68 W ork ers in establishm en ts Within scope of study Studied Total 3 Office Plant 241 2 3 9 ,3 0 0 5 0 ,9 0 0 1 3 9 ,6 0 0 1 4 5 ,7 3 0 91 150 1 1 7 ,3 0 0 1 7 ,0 0 0 3 3 ,9 0 0 7 5 ,5 0 0 6 4 ,1 0 0 7 3 ,1 4 0 7 2 ,5 9 0 24 35 40 29 22 122,000 2 6 ,8 0 0 1 9 ,2 0 0 4 2 ,7 0 0 2 0 ,7 0 0 1 2 ,6 0 0 5 ,2 0 0 6 ,6 0 0 5 ,5 0 0 1 5 ,1 0 0 (7 > 1 5 ,8 0 0 7 ,2 0 0 3 2 ,5 0 0 • 1 ,0 0 0 (7 ) Total 3 2 0 ,8 8 0 8 ,8 3 0 2 5 ,7 7 0 1 2 ,9 4 0 4 ,1 7 0 The M in n ea p olis-S t. Paul M etropolitan A r e a (Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin, and R am sey C ounties). The "w o rk ers within scope of stu d y" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and com position of the labor force included in the su rv ey. The estim ates are not intended, how ever, to serve as a b a sis of com p arison with other area em ploym ent indexes to m easu re em ploym ent trends or le v e ls since (l) planning of wage surveys req u ires the use of establishm ent data com piled con sid erab ly in advance of the pay period studied and (2) sm all establishm en ts are excluded from the scope of the survey. Includes all establishm en ts with total em ploym ent at or above the m in im u m -siz e lim itation . A ll outlets (within the area) of com panies in such industries as trad e , finance, auto repair s e r v ic e , and m otion picture theaters are considered as 1 establish m en t. Includes executive, tech n ical, p r o fe ssio n a l, and other w orkers excluded from the separate office and plant c a te g o rie s. A ls o excludes taxicab s, and se r v ic e s incidental to water transportation. s E stim ate relates to real estate establishm en ts only. * H otels; personal s e r v ic e s ; bu sin ess s e r v ic e s; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television ; m otion p ictu r es; nonprofit m em b ersh ip organizations; and engineering and arch itectu ral s e r v ic e s . This industry division i s ’ rep resented in estim ates for "a ll in d u str ie s" and "non m anufactu ring" in the S e rie s A and B ta b le s, although cov eia ge was insufficient to ju stify fseparate presentation of data. 2 3 4 7 3 Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors* fees. Such plans may be underwritten by commer cial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker *s life. With reference to wage structure characteristics, proportions of time and incentive workers directly reflect employment under each pay system. However, because of technical considerations, all time rated workers (plant or office) in an establishment were classified to the predominant type of rate structure applying to these workers. Incentive-worker employment was classified according to the pre dominant type of incentive plan in each establishment. Graduated provisions for premium overtime pay were classic fied to the first effective premium rate. For example, a plan calling for time and one-half after 8 and double time after 10 hours a day was tabulated as time and one-half after 8 hours. Similarly, a plan calling for no pay or pay at regular rate after 37V2 hours (regular weekly schedule) and time and one-half after 40 was considered as time and one-half after 40 hours. 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups The table below presents indexes of salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and of average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the indexes relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on week ends, holidays, and late shifts. The indexes are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically im portant jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on women in the following 18 jobs: Billers, machine (billing ma chine); bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and B; Comptometer operators; clerks, file, class A and B; clerks, order; clerks, pay* roll; key-punch operators; office girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; switchboard operators; switchboard operator-receptionists; tabula ting-machine operators; transcribing-machine operators, gen eral; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on women industrial nurses. Men in the following 10 skilled mainte nance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs were included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; mechanics; me chanics, automotive; millwrights; painters; pipefitters; sheet-metal workers; and tool and die makers; unskilled-—janitors, porters, and cleaners; laborers, material handling; and watchmen. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by the average of 1953 and 1954 employment in the job. These weighted earnings for individual Table 2: occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupa tional group. Finally, the ratio of these group aggregates for a given year to the aggregate for the base period (survey month, winter 1952-53) was computed and the result multiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index for the given year. The indexes measure, principally, the effects of (l) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, force expansions, force reduc tions, and changes in the proportion of workers employed by estab lishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and re sult in a drop in the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. The movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other area establishments. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effects of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the indexes influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. Indexes for the period 1953 to 1957 for workers in 14 major labor markets appeared in BLS Bull. 1202, Wages and Related Benefits, 17 Labor Markets, 1956-57. Indexes of standard weekly sa la ries and stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in M in n ea p olis-S t. Pau l, Minn. , M arch 1957 and January 1958, and percent of in crease for selected periods Indexes (Novem ber 1952=100) Industry and occupational group January 1958 M arch 1957 A ll in dustries: Office cle rica l (w o m e n )_______________ Industrial nurses (women) Skilled maintenance ( m e n )____________ Unskilled plant (men) 1 2 5 .0 129. 1 1 2 6 .7 1 3 1 .1 1 2 1 .3 1 2 4 .4 1 2 1 .7 1 1 2 4 .6 Manufacturing: Office c le rica l (w o m e n )____ __________ Industrial nurses (w o m e n )____________ Skilled maintenance (men) ___ Unskilled plant (men) __________________ 1 2 2 .9 1 2 8 .9 125. 1 1 2 7 .1 119. 3 1 2 3 .4 1 1 9 .7 1 2 1 .7 1 R evised e stim a te . Percent in cre ase s from — M arch 1957 to January 1958 3 .0 3 .8 4. 1 5 .2 3 .0 4 .4 4 .4 4 .4 D ecem ber 1955 to M arch 1957 6 .3 5 .3 5 .3 * 6 .4 5 .3 5 .3 5 .1 5 .4 N ovem ber 1954 to D ecem ber 1955 Novem ber 1953 to Novem ber 1954 N ovem ber 1952 to Novem ber 1953 3 .8 3 .4 4 .9 4 .9 3 .3 4 .3 3 .3 4 .9 6 .4 8.1 3 .4 3 .6 5 .0 1 .4 4 .8 5 .8 9 .4 6 .7 5 .8 9 .1 5 .8 9 .4 7 .2 2.0 5 .4 4 .2 6 .3 9 .4 N ovem ber 1951 to Novem ber 1952 6.6 6 .7 5 .8 7 .9 5 A : O ccu p a tion a l Earnings T a b le A-1: O ffic e O c c u p a t io n s (A verage straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in M in n ea p olis-S t. Paxil, M inn. , by industry d ivision , January 1958) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly Weekly Under hours 1 earnings1 $ (Standard) (Standard) 40.00 $ $ 40.00 45.00 and under 45 aQd 50.00 $ 50.00 55.00 55.00 $ 60.00 $ 65.00 $ 70.00 $ $ $ $ 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 $ 85.00 90.00 $ $ $ $ S 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 and 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 over $ Men C le r k s, accounting, c la s s A ____________ Manufacturing ______________ _________— Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Public utilities f ____________________ W holesale trade _____________________ R etail trade __________________________ 715 311 404 176 145 57 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.5 $ 88.50 84.50 92.00 101.00 84.00 90.50 C le r k s, accounting, c la s s B _____________ Manufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Public utilities t _______________ W holesale trade _____________________ 346 108 238 124 85 39.5 39.5 39.5 4 0.0 39.5 69.00 69.00 68. 50 69.00 69.50 C le r k s, ord er ______________________________ M anufacturing __________ _____ __________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ W holesale trade ____________________ 537 155 382 339 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 84.00 87.50 82.50 81.50 C le r k s , p a y r o l l _____________________________ 74 40.0 78.00 O ffice boys __________________________________ M anufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________ __________ W holesale t r a d e __ _______ ___________ Finance t t __ _____ ______________ 273 61 212 71 67 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 38. 5 49.00 49.00 49.00 53.50 45.50 Tabulating-m achine op erators ___________ Manufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Finance t t ______________________ 413 137 276 194 39.0 39.5 39.0 38. 5 76.00 79. 50 74.50 72.00 B ille r s , machine (billing machine) _______________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ Public u tilities t _____________________________ W h olesale trade ______________________________________ Retail trade ___________________________________________ 250 240 80 69 54 39.5 39.5 40.0 38. 5 40.0 55.50 55.00 56.50 55.50 53.00 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - . . _ - 9 1 8 _ 2 - 12 1 11 1 4 - 41 22 19 _ 19 - 24 15 9 2 6 1 111 71 40 12 22 4 70 38 32 4 13 14 151 91 60 23 27 8 7 7 7 _ _ _ . 12 _ 12 _ 4 28 4 24 15 8 26 13 13 8 5 41 18 23 15 7 37 12 25 12 7 74 29 45 20 21 75 28 47 16 24 44 4 40 30 8 _ _ _ 9 5 4 _ 9 _ 9 9 22 7 15 15 49 6 43 43 45 7 38 38 77 19 58 58 1 15 10 3 10 90 13 77 2 36 87 27 60 23 18 35 16 19 14 4 38 1 37 25 9 13 3 10 6 - 6 1 5 1 - 2 2 - - 2 2 _ - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 68 28 40 25 56 19 37 17 47 26 21 9 36 12 24 13 16 8 8 5 10 2 8 6 3 _ - 3 2 _ _ _ " ■ - - - - - - - - . _ . _ _ 7 7 _ _ _ - _ 7 7 7 3 39 2 37 36 31 10 21 16 53 12 41 36 40 18 22 19 80 80 33 16 21 57 56 8 13 14 41 40 20 12 6 20 14 7 7 3 3 3 2 43 41 12 15 10 3 3 20 20 29 29 1 1 - 11 11 - 15 14 - 114 15 99 6 8 83 265 33 232 35 34 147 20 43 12 31 16 4 7 _ _ _ 1 _ 1 1 - 99 28 71 27 29 11 1 _ 1 _ 1 69 20 49 21 18 10 _ _ _ _ - 55 21 34 34 90 15 75 65 59 21 38 26 57 17 40 29 52 33 19 16 22 _ 2 _ 5 2 _ - 2 _ - _ - 24 5 19 17 . 2 _ _ _ _ . . _ 26 4 22 21 . _ _ _ - 15 1 14 13 1 _ _ _ . - 21 2 19 19 _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 _ - - 3 . 3 3 1 _ - 6 6 3 . _ - _ _ - 1 - _ _ Women B ille r s , machine (bookkeeping machine) _________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ 155 155 39.5 39.5 61.50 61.50 Bookkeeping-m achine o p e r a to r s, c la ss A _______________ Nonman ufacturing _______________________________________ W h olesale trade ______________________________________ 185 150 55 39.5 39.5 40.0 69.00 67.50 73.00 B ookkeeping-m achine o p e r a to r s, c la ss B _______________ M anufacturing ---------- -------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ___ ____________________________________ W h olesale trade ______________________________________ Retail trade ___________________________________________ Finance t t ___________________________________ 955 220 735 178 124 387 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.5 40.0 39.0 56. 50 60.50 55.00 57.50 57.50 52.00 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A ......... ............................ .............. . Manufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________ ____________________________ Public utilities t ______________________________________ W holesale trade ______________________________________ R etail trade ___________________________________________ F in a n c e tt __________________________________ 753 139 614 214 78 132 146 39.5 3 9.5 3 9.5 40.0 4 0.0 39.5 38.0 73.00 73.50 73.00 75.50 72.50 75.50 69.50 _ _ _ - 2 _ _ _ - - _ 64 12 52 1 6 45 _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 _ _ _ _ _ " ” 15 20 6 1 7 6 See footnote at end o f table. t T ran sportation (excluding ra ilr o a d s ), com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s, t t F inan ce, in su ran ce, and real estate. 2 7 3 1 6 0 — 58 5 5 _ 15 - _ _ 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 1 - 1 - 37 37 6 6 3 3 16 16 3 3 12 12 31 28 3 41 38 6 49 38 29 22 13 4 4 1 1 - 259 41 218 77 43 91 152 58 94 48 20 21 45 35 10 6 4 - 20 17 3 2 1 11 4 7 3 11 10 1 9 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 65 4 61 12 2 10 21 137 34 103 22 22 38 15 91 26 65 23 15 6 16 87 17 70 21 11 12 19 55 9 46 19 3 17 4 12 4 8 5 3 18 18 1 1 1 1 _ - 17 - 26 ----- Z5— 14 13 - 11 - - - - 131 16 115 78 13 3 19 46 23 23 4 6 2 6 8 72 5 67 22 _ 20 25 1 1 - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - “ “ - _ . _ 2 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 - - - " " 6 T a b le A-1: O f fic e O c c u p a t io n s - C o n tin u e d (A verage straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in M in n ea p olis-S t. P au l, Minn. , by industry d ivision , January 1958) Average S e x , occupation, and industry division Number of NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly^ Weekly Under earnings1 (Standard) (Standard) 40.00 $ $ 40.00 45.00 ~ under 45.00 50.00 $ $ 50.00 55.00 55.00 60.00 $ $ 60.00 65.00 65.00 70.00 * $ 70.00 75.00 75.00 80.00 $ 80.00 85.00 $ $ S $ $ s $ $ 85.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 and 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 over 90.00 W om en - Continued C le r k s , accounting, c la ss B ____________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ P u blic u tilit ie s ! ___________________________ - _________ W h olesa le t r a d e ______________________________________ R etail trade ___________________________________________ Finance t t ____________________________________________ 1,980 392 1,588 323 233 373 574 39.0 39.5 39.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 38.0 ¥ 57. 50 59.00 57.00 63.00 57. 50 53.00 56.00 1 1 _ _ 1 - 118 5 113 . 27 53 31 329 57 272 26 44 86 93 491 78 413 64 23 101 213 373 101 272 35 64 79 70 273 64 209 73 20 32 78 176 27 149 51 14 10 62 84 29 55 21 8 3 17 85 17 * 68 30 30 _ 8 38 13 25 21 2 _ 2 12 1 11 2 1 8 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - C le r k s , f ile , c la ss A _______________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ 225 119 106 39.5 39.5 39.0 59.50 58.00 61.00 _ _ - _ _ 47 26 21 75 48 27 36 15 21 18 11 7 10 1 9 12 1 11 3 _ 3 2 2 - 1 1 - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ - 21 14 7 _ - - _ _ - C le r k s , f ile , cla ss B ____________________________________ Manufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________ P ublic utilities t ______________________________________ W holesale t r a d e ______________________________________ R etail trade ___________________________________________ Finance t t ____________________________________________ 1,338 262 1,076 94 157 197 549 39.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 3 8.5 48.50 49.50 48.50 51.00 53.50 47. 50 46.50 18 _ 18 _ _ 1 17 401 42 359 20 32 78 196 457 110 347 9 28 81 216 274 72 202 49 25 22 73 106 26 80 7 39 _ 34 50 6 44 4 21 6 13 25 5 20 3 12 5 - 7 1 6 2 _ 4 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ . - - - - - - - C le r k s , ord er ________________________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________ W holesale t r a d e _______________________________________ R etail trade ___________________________________________ 271 83 188 54 97 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 40.0 59.00 63.00 57.50 71.50 51.00 _ _ _ _ 24 _ 24 _ 21 40 _ 40 3 24 51 14 37 7 26 36 1$ 17 _ 12 39 13 26 5 14 41 23 18 13 - 20 10 10 10 “ 4 4 _ _ - 5 5 5 _ _ _ - 7 7 7 - 4 _ 4 4 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - C le r k s , p ayroll ______________________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________ Public utilities t ______________________________________ W holesale t r a d e _______________________________________ R etail trade ___________________________________________ 695 313 382 76 99 132 39.5 40.0 3 9.5 40.0 39.5 39.0 65.50 64.00 67.00 69.50 74.50 61.50 _ _ _ _ . 10 10 _ 4 6 26 5 21 3 2 12 88 34 54 18 2 27 95 50 45 2 2 18 119 71 48 7 14 18 159 99 60 7 8 34 55 17 38 7 22 3 31 9 22 8 8 - 46 15 31 10 12 - 44 13 31 12 8 11 17 17 1 13 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 - 1 1 1 - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - C om ptom eter op erators ___________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________ W holesale t r a d e _________ _____________________________ R etail trade ___________________________________________ Finance t t ____________________________________________ 740 151 589 227 250 59 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.0 3 9.5 38.5 62. 50 “64.00 62.00 62.00 61.00 61.00 _ _ _ _ _ 9 . 9 _ 9 - 48 7 41 7 26 7 122 13 109 26 62 17 139 18 121 63 49 5 175 53 122 69 39 7 80 28 52 28 15 5 72 14 58 16 5 10 40 11 29 14 4 8 21 2 19 _ 17 31 3 28 4 24 - 3 2 1 _ - _ _ . - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - D uplicating-m achine op erators (m im eograph or ditto) _____________________________________ 82 3 9.5 53.50 3 13 17 22 10 4 6 4 _ 3 _ . . _ . 168 30 138 9 12 103 231 67 164 26 12 113 172 91 81 11 24 38 134 61 73 13 15 36 79 _ _ _ 30 . 30 _ 1 29 26 54 3 20 26 18 il 7 1 4 11 3 8 7 - 6 4 2 1 1 - . - _ - . - _ - _ - _ - . - _ - 179 19 160 _ 18 23 119 144 43 101 6 24 20 51 63 10 53 12 14 6 18 17 1 16 6 9 1 4 4 3 1 - 3 3 2 1 - 2 2 2 “ _ - . - _ - . - . - _ ~ _ ■ _ ~ _ “ _ “ K ey-pun ch op erators _______________________________________ M anufacturing ____________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________ Public utilities W h olesale trade _______________________________________ Finance t t ____________________________________________ 849 292 557 71 89 345 3 9.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 40.0 38.5 56.00 58.00 54.50 58.00 59.00 52.50 O ffice g irls ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 419 73 346 ?8 69 50 196 39.0 3 9.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 40.0 38.5 46.50 46.50 46.50 55.00 49.50 46.00 44.00 t _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________ Public utilities t ---------------------------------------------------------W holesale t r a d e _______________________________________ R etail t r a d e ___________________________________________ Finance t t ------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote at end of table. t T ransportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s), com m unication, f t F in an ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l e sta te . - - 7 _ 7 . 7 and other public utilities _ _ _ _ _ 7 T a b le A -1 : O f f i c e O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n t in u e d (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Minneapolis-St. Paxil, Minn. , by industry division, January 1958) A vkbaqx Num ber of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division W eekly earnings 1 1 (Standard) W eekly hours (Stsndsrd) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T - T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F— $ Under 40.00 and lo .o o under 45.00 $ 45.00 50.00 *55.00 10.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 *65.00 *70.00 *75.00 80.00 *85.00 *90.00 *95.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 f o o . o o 105.00 110.00 115.00 1*20.00 and 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 over Women - Continued >P Secretaries __ __ _______ __ -----------------„ _ Manufacturing __ __ -----__ ------ __ __ _ Nonmanufacturing _ __ __ „ .. __ __ „ _ Public utilities t _______________________________ Wholesale trade________________________________ Retail trade __ — __ ___ — __ _ — — Finance ft __ ____ ____ ____ — 2,477 983 1,494 205 297 261 479 39.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 40.0 38.0 74.00 76.00 73.00 74.50 77.50 72. 50 73.50 Stenographers, general __ ___ __ __ „ _ __ Manufacturing __ __ __ __ __ Nonmanufacturing ___ __ __ __ __ __ Public utilities t __ — — ___ — — ____ — Wholesale trade --------- __ __ „ Retail trade _ __ — __ Finance tt — — — — _______ 2,524 989 1,535 319 3 64 224 461 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.5 38.5 62.00 62.00 62.00 68.50 65.00 60.50 57.50 39.0 39.0 64.00 64.00 40.5 41.0 40.0 39.5 38.5 60.00 65.00 58.00 72.00 52.50 59.00 57.00 59.00 56.00 58.00 57.50 54.50 56.50 Stenographers, technical Nonmanufacturing _ __ __ __ __ __ ____ __ _ __ __ __ — 66 5T“ Switchboard operators ___ ____ ____ „ __ __ 400 Manufacturing __ __ __ __ __ „ __ __ __ _ — f s t i Nonmanufacturing _ ____ „ _______ __ __ 291 Public utilities t _____ — „ __ __ _ 41 Retail trade _ __ 73 55 Finance t t ------------------------------------------------------ ~ ? < T .o “ Switchboard operator-receptionists __ __ „ „ __ _ Manufacturing _____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _ ____ _______ __ „ __ __ ___ Public utilities t _ — ___ —— ___ _ Wholesale trade _ . . . Retail trade _ Finance t t _____________________________________ 621 218 403 52 126 103 52 39.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 40.0 37.0 Tabulating-machine operators _ __ __ __ — __ __ Nonmanufacturing _ _ __ __ ____ Finance tt — — — — — — — 151 39.0 67.50 39.0" “637515 62.50 38.5 Transcribing-machine operators, general . _ Manxifacturing __ __ __ „ __ __ Nonmanufacturing _ __ ____ __ Wholesale trade . Finance t t — — ____ — Typists, class A — __ — Manufacturing __ __ „ Nonmanufacturing _ __ Public utilities t Wholesale trade „ Finance tt — Typists, class B __ __ __ Manufacturing __ __ Nonmanufacturing _ Wholesale trade Retail trade _ Finance tt - — 63 ... _ ........ .......... ....... .............. . . „ __ __ ____ — — — — ______ _ — — — — — __ „ _ - - -- _ . .. iu r~ 683 199 484 218 200 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 38.0 58.50 56.50 58.50 61.00 56.00 584 256 328 75 63 143 39.5 40.0 39.0 40.0 40.0 38.0 59.00 58.50 59-50 68.50 63.00 53.50 2,360 696 1,664 336 153 843 39.0 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 38.0 52.00 54.00 51.50 54.00 52.00 49.50 _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ - 6 2 4 _ _ 1 1 51 2 49 11 _ 3 13 144 41 103 32 15 10 28 380 129 251 49 30 48 105 607 254 353 31 85 56 115 16 16 342 122 220 33 12 46 61 387 124 263 19 43 59 92 430 189 241 23 45 38 85 508 282 44 79 32 73 330 121 209 30 71 37 61 154 202 72 ----- 5T” 130 93 38 53 27 30 22 15 10 13 23 23 11 11 _ _ - 22 166 75 91 5 7 14 62 _ - - 4 4 - 11 . 11 7 - 71 2 69 31 8 71 8 63 1 15 6 _ _ . - 12 _ 12 _ . 8 - 93 19 74 9 20 27 - 167 55 112 17 23 24 19 142 26 116 8 47 26 26 95 60 35 17 10 4 _ - 4 4 4 5 5 5 17 15 28 24 _ 24 8 16 73 — 31 32 1 29 1 52 25 27 _ _ _ _ - _ . _ _ _ 27 _ 27 2 3 _ _ _ - 1 _ _ - 2 _ 2 _ 224 23 201 22 16 138 _ 2 68 67 26 — n ~ 41 45 2 12 2 8 15 18 ---- T i ---- Tl — Z V ~ 14 ll 7 112 131 — 36“ 95 34 45 187 30 157 69 56 140 44 96 16 109 68 41 8 17 4 183 — Si ll 5 55 11 5 24 74 161 84 77 3 23 35 715 189 526 87 43 352 706 226 480 95 43 231 418 127 291 62 39 111 _ 226 _ — T7 75 49 20 l 1 104 41 63 4 17 18 21 89 37 52 12 16 7 17 87 40 47 18 5 13 11 35 18 17 10 2 1 1 14 9 5 3 1 1 9 7 2 2 - 12 1 11 3 6 2 90 41 49 40 9 - 30 30 15 15 _ - 7 1 6 6 _ - 16 2 14 6 8 - 5 5 - 1 1 " 1 1 - _ _ - - 5 5 1 1 _ _ _ - - _ - _ - _ _ - - - - - _ _ - _ . - . - - _ - _ _ _ _ - - 1 - 3 - - - - - _ _ _ - - - * - _ _ - - 73 48 25 9 9 1 - 25 7 18 8 4 4 2 6 1 5 1 3 1 1 - _ . - _ - - 1 7 1 6 3 3 - 6 6 1 -------5“ 3 - 14 28 13 — rg“ — nr- ------ E ~ 2 3 7 11 9 7 10 ---- j92j - ---- 41 YT~ — r~ 27 6 55 22 6 24 1 25 - 9 9 5 4 4 4 4 1 _ 1 1 _ - 7 . 7 7 _ - _ . _ _ - _ _ _ * 40 10 20 4 28 9 19 11 3 2 19 _ 19 19 _ - 63 33 30 12 1 1 44 26 18 3 . 2 5 4 1 _ 66 2Z 1 _ _ _ - - - - _ - _ - - - - _ - _ - . - - _ _ _ _ _ - . _ - - - _ . _ _ - _ - - . - _ - - - 1 1 _ - - 7 1 6 6 _ - Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours, t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, tt Finance, insurance, and real estate. _ 21 17 15 15 ----- T T -------8~ 6 7 9 1 7 3 _ _ 3 " - r r 7 3 4 3 1 328 129 199 13 71 31 71 34 9 10 5 51 — 5 5 432 218 214 22 61 34 74 ■ _ _ _ _ * _ - “ - - _ - - - . - - _ - - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - _ " “ “ 8 T a b le A - 2 : P r o fe s s io n a l a n d T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a t i o n s (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, January 1958) Avekaqx Sex, occupation, and industry division Num ber of workers W ee k ly , 1 (Standard) earnings 1 W eekly, hours (Standard) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T - T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F— $ $ $ $ $ Under 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 and $ 50.00 under 55.00 60. 0Q 65. 00 70.00 75. 00 S $ 75.00 80.00 80.00 85.00 $ 85.00 90.00 $ 90.00 95.00 - $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 and 100.00 lQ^QS J J S L M 115..QQ -12fLQQ 130.QQ over $ Men Draftsmen, senior----------------- ------------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------------------------- 722 5*1 171 40.0 40. 0 40.0 $ 101.50 101.50 101.50 Draftsmen, junior -----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing--------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------------- 588 519 69 40.0 4o.O 40.0 80.50 80. 50 78. 50 T ra ce r s----------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------------------------------------- 165 165 39.5 39.5 61.00 6l. 00 " 128 98 39.5 39. 5 82. 00 82. 50 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 13 12 1 _ 13 13 27 27 _ _ 47 47 53 51 2 - 13 11 2 29 27 2 44 40 4 83 66 17 88 60 28 99 "69 30 64 34 30 107 85 22 74 56 18 45 35 10 79 70 9 71 65 6 93 70 23 107 94 13 41 35 6 33 28 5 14 14' ■ 55 54 1 17 17 • 12 9 3 _ _ - - ■ " " _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ - “ “ “ “ _ 1 1 _ 33 33 23 23 9 9 5 5 ! 5 3 13 10 24 16 1 1 _ ■ 7 7 28 28 ■ 21 20 1 27 20 7 - - _ Women Nurses, industrial (registered)---------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------- _ 39 ' T3 " 13 10 29 T4 3 1 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. - _ • 9 T a b le A -3 : M a in t e n a n c e and P o w e r p la n t O c c u p a t i o n s (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., by industry division, January 1958) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T - T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F — Occupation and industry division Number of workera Avene* Under hourly j earainge $ 1. 70 Carpenters, maintenance--------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------- 207 nro 87 $ 2.72 2. 64 2.83 Electricians, maintenance------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing------------------- ----- —-------—— 369 2TffS 81 Engineers, stationary .................. —— —-------—---Manufacturing------------------- ------ ---- ------------Nonmanufacturing — —......... ............. ............... V 70 and under 1.80 *1.80 *1.90 1.90 2.00 2 2 * 2.00 2 10 * 2.20 * . 2. 10 2.20 2.30 2 2 12 10 2 5 "7" ■ . - . - _ - 5 4 32 32 . - 15 15 - - 1 1 28 23 5 12 8 14 5 9 25 23 34 33 31 19 *2.30 *2.40 *2. 50 *2.60 *2. 70 2.40 2.50 2.60 2. 70 2.ao 28 16 23 27 27 ~ 16 2 2 10 - - - 2. 77 2. 72 2.95 „ - _ - 534 292 242 2. 51 2. 52 2.50 „ • " Firemen, stationary b o ile r -----------------------------Manufacturing ---- ------------- ---- --------------------Nonmanufacturing --------———----- .... ......— 414 273 141 2.26 2.28 11 11 Helpers, trades, maintenance------------------------Manufacturing----- —----------- ------------------ -------- 407 33o 2. 14 2.09 16 16 30 30 29 28 30 30 55 50 44 42 91 65 48 31 46 46 Machine-tool operators, toolroom------------------Manufacturing ——— —————— ------------------— 166 lb 8 2.38 2775" ■ ■ * ■ 12 12 7 7 42 42 Z1 21 Machinists, maintenance — ----------— —------------Manufacturing----- — --------- ------------------ -------- 502 488 2. 68 2.69 . " . “ . " . “ _ ■ ■ 36 Mechanics, automotive (maintenance)------------Manufacturing —.......... — . ----------- — ■-— Nonmanufacturing . ... ---------------------------Public utilities f ------------------------------------- 811 72 739 646 2.42 2770" 2.41 2.40 . - . “ 1 1 _ - _ - 17 58 Mechanics, maintenance ... Manufacturing —.... - --------------- —---------- ------Nonmanufacturing ---- — ------------------------------- 616 4T4 6 6 6 6 7 202 2.39 . 35 2.39 7 11 5 6 57 40 17 64 55 9 Millwrights-----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ....................■ —- ■■ ■■■ 209 706 2. 62 . • . ■ - ■ . - 3 3 “ 10 12 11 Oilers ----- ------ ---- — --------------------------------------Manufacturing -------- ---------------------------------- 149 142 2.15 2.15 * 1 1 Z 2 6 6 76 72 18 18 25 25 Painters, maintenance------------------------------------Manufacturing ———— —---- — ----------------------Nonmanufacturing------------- ----- ----------------- — 192 79 113 2. 77 2.76'" 2. 78 - . - - 1 1 - . - - 16 Pipefitters, maintenance — — ------------------------Manufacturing —----------—------------------------------- 156 13T 2.79 2. i 6 . “ . “ . “ _ * . " _ ■ 2 2 6 Sheet-metal workers, maintenance ——....... ...... Manufacturing...... ...................... —------------------- 52 5i 2. 62 . ■ • . " . ■ ■ • 4 4 . - Tool and dia makers ------------- — ----- - ..... .......... Manufacturing----------- — — .............. .............. 559 55$ 2. 8i ■ • ■ “ " ■ 16 15 15 2.21 2 2.62 2.63 2.81 2 • 1 1 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. 12 1 2 66 12 13 23 23 - 24 i4 45 11 10 5 14 7 4 49 49 " *2.80 *2.90 2~3S1..... _3. 0Q 3 3 1 - 3 " 1 57 57 - 5 5 “ 63 .... 54 9 28 ” 18 10 5 5 22 lo 12 *3.00 s 3.10 -■1.1CL- 3.20 t 3.20 $ 3.30 and -3,-3Q... -over.. 3 *3 2 2 46 33 13 - “ 19 18 . - 17 17 6 6 15 63 12 21 51 2 2 3 8 43 42 " 2l 129 42 87 80 19 61 55 4 48 18 75 70 5 46 14 32 63 50 38 25 - “ 5 5 “ 24 74 - - 11 11 * - 2 5 13 ■ * " ■ " • “ 58 58 25 25 2 2 1 1 ” . * * “ 42 42 32 39 39 50 49 184 184 44 42’ 20 16 4 4 14 14 37 32"" 302 3 3 57 42 344 is 326 325 . e - . * 3 3 - 102 88 43 33 10 10 6 11 1 3b 1 14 2 14 16 24 11 61 20 12 52 5 3o ” 6 6 6 24 • 24 - 1 1 1 1 - 19 19 “ 11 11 “ * . * ” 290 260 30 17 * _ • - 74 Z 48 66 11 77 104 b 18 53 4 49 40 40 55 55 62 62 7 4 4 4 3 3 1 11 5 6 15 7 11 11 27 1 1 55 55 16 16 17 lb 1 1 4 4 114 114 57 57 53 23 — 12 ■ 6 8 5 ... 10 10 ' 1 8 7 ....5 " “ 1 . • 6 6 1 1 3 3 - 25 75' 15 _ ■ 40 40 - ti " ' 106 34"’ " 72 - 1 1 * “ 11 * . “ * 32 27 2 2 . * 12 12 . * . • 62 z 89 89 47 47 115 115 . * 12 6 1 1 10 T a b le A - 4 : C u s t o d ia l a n d M a te ria l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a tio n s (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, January 1958) N U M B E R OF W ORKEB OccupationXand industry division Num ber of workers A veng e hourly earnings a Under $ 1. 10 $ 12 12 4 15 12 81 81 40 1.98 2. 05 1. 78 1. 77 - " 5 5 5 1.65 35 35 1 69 55 2 283 1 282 9 Elevator operators , passenger (men)---------------Nonmanufacturing------------- --------------------------- 79 75 l. 45 “ Elevator operators, passenger (women)-----------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------Retail trade---------------------------------------------- 300 296 1.36 12 101 1.24 Guards --------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing----------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------Finance f t ------------------------------------------------- 526 404 122 120 Janitors, porters, and cleaners (men)3 ----------- 2, 535 Manufacturing —— —— ———-------------------------- 1 , 098 Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------- 1,437 Public utilities t --------------------------------------195 Wholesale tra d e --------------------------------------89 Retail trade---------------------------------------------566 Finance | f ----------------------------------------------395 1. 54 1. 78 1. 73 1.49 1.59 Janitors, porters, and cleaners (women)---------Manufacturing---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------------------------------Finance f t ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 752 P7U 562 93 354 1.37 1.60 1.30 1. 18 1.33 Laborers, material handling----------------------------------------------Manufacturing----------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------Public utilities f ................................. Wholesale tra d e --------------------------------------Retail trade---------------------------------------------- 4, 603 1,863 2, 740 993 1, 127 572 2.03 1.95 2.08 2. 30 2. 07 1.79 41 41 . . 41 Order fillers------------------------------------------------------ 2,468 Manufacturing — ---- ------------ ----- —---- -------------3sz Nonmanufacturing —‘-------------------------------------- 2,086 Wholesale tra d e --------------------------------------- 1,365 Retail trade---------------------------------------------617 1.96 1.98 1.96 2.06 1. 71 26 26 26 Packers, shipping (m e n )---------------------------------Manufacturing---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------------------------Wholesale trade---- ------------ ----------------------- 811 JUT 510 420 1.95 . - Packers, shipping (women)--------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing — — — ------------------------------------------------Retail trade — ----------------------------------------------------------------- 346 Receiving clerks — ----------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing---------— --------— --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing — -------------------------------------------------------------Wholesale tra d e ---------------------------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 158 155 464 242 222 98 110 *1. 10 *1.20 and under 1.20 1. 30 1.47 1.35 1. 79 1.93 12 *1. 60 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1.80 9 " 18 158 46 46 ■ ■ “ " - - . w - . - 22 16 130 82 23 4 19 18 82 8z - 90 29 76 53 23 14 1 5 3 56 52 4 _ 4 . - 36 13 10 24 20 4 1 63 57 6 - 40 35 5 - - - 101 101 53 60 60 . 8 52 23 2 21 _ 21 96 68 28 8 20 90 102 15 . 15 30 31 31 . 31 67 67 67 90 90 90 74 74 . 74 27 10 17 17 36 62 18 1 3 _ 9 - - 16 3 13 10 11 11 - 33 28 5 47 21 15 15 51 35 15 - - - 1.47 1. 36 1.34 8 7 7 35 15 9 - 38 41 23 23 35 _ - . - 41 41 22 - 132 13 3 3 1 118 Z9 11 12 53 53 294 179 44 21 9 14 - 34 10 24 75 21 48 43 4 _ _ - 1 6 2 _ - - 250 145 29 26 ’ 5 5 - 2 z 2 38 86 5Z 34 - - - 1 2 3 7 _ - _ - - 9 29 5 20 301 TT8 9 25 68 39 29 13 16 - . 544 931 245 11 222 12 920 900 . 20 629 4 138 6 625 349 221 105 93 12 1 1 105 55 50 50 2 Z * T?9 33 . 11 5 _ - . * 3 . - 31 31 - _ . _ _ _ - _ . - - - . - _ - - - 1 . - 69 43 24 . 24 “ - . _ 42 42 . 42 n 3 _ 3 - 3 3 2 . 3 - . 13 6 _ . - - 31 23 23 19 1Z 7 . . . • . 122 6 6 - 3 3 . - 399 39 360 312 3 3 3 - - . 106 70 36 28 - _ * - 48 38 10 5 2 . - - 59 44 15 15 6 . - - - 10 9 1 - > 29 14 14 - _ 836 79 757 708 42 1 1 " _ - - 323 116 207 174 20 3 - . 410 139 271 25 175 71 2. 70 and over _ . - - - $ _ - 2 92 53 39 18 10 33 2. 70 1 29 22 3 18 2.60 - 633 559 74 26 2.60 $ - 3 190 138 52 37 11 26 . - 2. 50 - 851 218 90 $ - 491 72 4 325 2 383 3d4 79 42 17 20 75 2.50 . - 18 13 5 4 74 18 56 38 2.40 7 7 410 1 409 27 339 35 . 2.40 $ Z 1 1 2r 30 2.30 1 19 11 . 191 19 2.20 $ 2 2 - 502 352 150 64 11 48 24 6 - 2. 10 2.20 - 559 . 2.00 8O F— S 5 427 3 5 188 216 . $ 2. 10 ■ 187 13 27 38 109 21 1.90 1.90 $ 2.00 “ 208 158 $ " 72 Z3 49 15 7 1.80 S T R A IG H T - T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G 3 121 28 93 8 36 12 14 18 $ 2 2 3 3 - 11 See footnotes at end of tabTh. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. *1. 50 10 10 10 - 2.04 2.13 1.99 9 1.40 20 20 20 1.97 2.00 2. 10 1.40 8R E C E IV IN G S1. 70 30 15 11 - - 1. 30 $ 1 1 1 - 2.15 4 $ - . - 41 38 3 . 3 _ . - - 8 8 - - - - " “ " 5 5 _ . _ . 7 3 - - - - - - * - - " ~ - " 23 . - 102 34 68 49 17 48 11 37 19 18 52 47 5 3 15 TA 1 - '23 - " 1 1 - 11 T a b le A - 4 : C u s t o d ia l a n d M a t e r i a l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a t i o n s - C o n tin u e d (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division, January 1958) Occupation1 and industry division Number of workers hourly 3 Under earnings $ 1. 10 $ 1.10 T to r $ 1.20 1.30 $ 1.30 1.40 $ 1.40 1.50 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ S S $ 1.60 1. 50 1. 70 1.90 1.80 2. 00 2. 10 2.20 2. 30 $ 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1- 90 2. 00 2. 10 S 2.40 $ 2.50 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 S 2. 60 .A* $ 2. 70 and over__ Shipping clerks ---------------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------Wholesale tra d e ------------------------------------ 358 181 177 120 $ 2.20 2.21 2.19 2. 17 Shipping and receiving clerks -----------------------Manufacturing-------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------- 226 R5 81 2. 16 2. 19 2. 11 _ - _ - _ - 2 2 _ - _ - 2 2 11 11 15 14 1 34 30 4 53 32 21 19 ll 8 25 7 18 34 30 4 2 2 - Truckdrivers4------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------------Public utilities - f ---------------------------------Wholesale trade — _ Retail trade------------------------------------------ 3, 546 2.29 2. 30 2.29 2. 32 2.26 2.22 _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - 9 • 9 9 11 11 11 _ - 2 2 2 _ 14 _ 14 4 _ 9 38 9 29 4 _ 25 56 32 24 23 . 1 72 45 27 . 27 - 508 96 412 _ 161 251 376 111 265 1 92 170 2264 31 2233 1906 233 94 37 25 12 6 6 22 22 m 22 - Iz - 1 1 1 . - 114 3, 053 1,975 513 562 _ _ " 9 - 1 ~ 11 " 2 - 14 - 22 - 8 5 10 10 112 8 66 43 586 ■ 8 2 _ . . _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ . - - . _ _ . - 16 9 7 . . 7 48 27 21 21 _ - 57 30' ' 27 . 27 - 272 44 228 _ 117 111 158 6Z 96 1 79 16 929 "28 901 794 87 20 - - _ - - - - - - 5 _ - 79 79 _ 2 “ * ■ 91 56 vn - - - - . - - - 1 - 10 10 _ “ 38 28 10 9 45 18 27 19 87 40 47 26 78 17 61 54 40 29 11 3 27 6 21 9 22 22 “ 6 6 . - 4 4 - - 10 10 19 19 - _ - - 74 6b . “ . ■ 17 i2 5 5 _ - 26 z6 . . - 22 22 . _ - 16 16 - 586 518 447 81 2 . - . - “ 6 . - 3 3 55 55 10 1 8 8 " ” 25 " . * 14 8 . 6 Truckdrivers, light (under l l/ a tons)--------Manufacturing-------------------------------------- 923 136 2.28 2.38 _ " Truckdrivers, medium (lVi to and including 4 tons)-------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Public utilities f -----------------------------Wholesale tra d e ------------------------------Retail trade-------------------------------------- 1, 561 2 76 1,285 821 310 154 2.28 2.27 2.29 2.33 2.23 2. 18 . - - Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons , trailer ty p e )-------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------Public utilities " f ------------------------------Wholesale tra d e ------------------------------- 706 559 447 107 2.33 2 . 33 2.34 2. 31 _ - _ “ - - - - _ - _ - - - Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------- 167 123 2.26 2.28 “ “ ~ " " ■ * ■ “ Truckers, power (forklift)---------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing------------------------------------Public utilities f ----------------------------------Wholesale tra d e ----------------------------------Retail tr a d e ----------------------------------------- 759 338 421 249 75 97 2. 17 2.04 2.27 2.34 2. 15 2. 18 _ . . - _ . _ _ . _ . . _ - 2 2 . . _ - 12 12 . . . - 16 16 . _ _ - 112 "112 _ _ _ - 35 35’ ” . _ _ 73 53 20 _ 14 6 90 Iz 78 . 23 55 85 11 74 . 38 36 309 6b 249 249 . - _ . _ . - _ . - _ - Truckers, power (other than forklift) ----------Manufacturing------------------------------------------- 195 163 2. 14 2.15 _ " „ “ _ “ _ ■ _ " 1 1 5 ’ .. 5 18 " 18 21 15 48 46 34 10 10 lb 49 49 . " „ * 9 9 “ Watchmen ■■■ ------------------------------------------------Manufacturing-----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------------Public utilities f ---------------------------------- 251 1.73 1.89 1.62 1.79 2 - 25 5 20 4 12 12 3 3 . 18 2 16 45 4 41 38 24 14 17 5 12 7 44 22 11 8 3 . - . • ss 14 14 . . • - - • 22 14 10 4 4 - 2 m 151 47 - 2 . _ . - 8 3 5 2 - 8 - 20 28 '24 . _ 24 1 Data limited to men workers, except where otherwise indicated. * Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. * The March 1957 data (BLS Bull. 1202-14) should read as follows: All industries 2, 440 and $1.55; nonmanufacturing 1,380 and $1.45; public utilities 194 and $1*. 70. Includes all drivers regardless of siae and type of truck operated. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, t t ftaaace, insurance,'and real estate. 2b - B: E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c tic e s and S u p p le m e n ta r y W age P r o v is io n s Table B-l: Shift Differentials' Percent of manufacturing plant workers— (a) In establishments having formal provisions for— Shift differential (b) Actually working on— Second shift work Third or other shift work 87 .2 78.0 12. 1 8 6 .5 78.0 11.8 2 .8 _ _____ 6 6.8 59.2 8 .7 2 .2 Under 5 cents _________________________________________ .6 11.0 1.0 3 .8 5 .4 .9 32.0 3 .4 1.5 2 .8 _ 3. 5 _ 1.5 .1 .4 .7 .3 2 .6 .9 .2 .7 _ * With shift pay differential ___________________________________ Uniform cents (per hour) ___ _ _______ 6 cents --------------------------------------------------------------------------7 CCTlt8 8 cents ^ __ - „_ _ 8Vz cents ______________________________________________ 10 cents ___ ___ _____ __ _ 11 cents . ................... ... _ _____ ___ ____ _ _ __ __ 12 cents _ 13, 137a cents ________________________________________ 14, 147a c e n t s .......................................................................... 15 c e n ts ______________________________ _______________ __ Over 15 cents _________________________________________ Second shift Third or other shift 2 .8 2.2 2.2 .4 .8 . 2 3.6 1.0 7 .6 .9 2 .7 10.8 7 .9 Uniform percentage ______________________________________ 19.7 18.8 3. 1 .6 5 percent ____________________ ______________ _____ 7*/ z percent ____________________________________________ 8 percent ____ ________ __ _ ______________________ 10 p ercent____ _________________ ___ ____________________ 127a percent__ _ _ _ __ 13 percent____ __ _ __ __ __ __ __ __ ____ 2 .0 12.0 1. 1 4 .6 - _ 2 .0 1. 1 _ 1.7 _ - No shift pay differential______ _______ _____ __ ___ ______ .8 .8 11.1 3 .9 .4 .9 .2 1.2 .2 .1 .2 .6 * 1.2 - - - " .5 .3 1 Shift differential data are presented in term s of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. * Less than 0 .0 5 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , January 1958 U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 13 Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in— Manufac turing Minimum rate (weekly salary) Establishments studied 241 All schedules 40 91 XXX All schedules 150 Based on standard weekly hours 2 of*- All industries 37 l/a 40 XXX XXX All schedules 241 91 40 XXX All schedules 37 V2 40 150 XXX XXX For Other Inexperienced Clerical Workers For Inexperienced Typists Establishments having a specified minimum. Nonmanufactur ing Manufactur ing Based on standard weekly hours2 of- All industries | Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in— Nonmanufacturing 128 43 37 85 14 60 131 41 34 90 13 67 1 3 34 34 20 11 6 7 4 4 _ 4 _ 9 13 5 7 3 1 3 _ _ 2 _ _ 7 10 5 6 3 1 3 _ _ 2 1 3 25 21 15 4 3 6 1 4 _ 2 _ 1 5 2 5 1 _ _ _ _ _ - ! 2 15 14 10 3 2 6 1 4 _ 2 1 5 48 27 22 5 6 6 4 3 _ 4 _ _ 9 12 9 2 3 1 3 _ _ 2 _ _ 6 9 8 2 3 1 3 _ _ 2 1 5 39 15 13 3 3 5 1 3 _ 2 _ 2 5 2 4 _ _ _ _ _ - 1 3 27 11 9 3 2 5 1 3 _ 2 Establishments having no specified minimum 67 30 XXX 37 XXX XXX 64 25 XXX 39 XXX XXX Establishments which did not employ workers in this category ___ _____ ___ _ 46 18 XXX 28 XXX XXX 46 25 XXX 21 XXX XXX $35.00 $37.50 $40.00 $42.50 $45.00 $47.50 $50.00 $52.50 $55.00 $57.50 $60.00 $62.50 and and and and and and and and and and and and under $37.50 under $40.00 under $42.50 under $45.00 under $47.50 under $50.00 under $52.50 under $55.00 under $57.50 under $60.00 under $62.50 over _ __ _ _______________________________ __ _____ ___ _______________________________ _ _______________________________ ___________________ _ ___ _ ________________________________ __ * Lowest salary rate formally established for hiring inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs. Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the most common workweeks reported. 3 Rate8 applicable to messengers, office girls, or similar subclerical jobs are not considered. Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , January 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 14 T a b le B -3 : S c h e d u le d W e e k ly H ou rs PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS^MPLOYED IN— Weekly hours All , industries Manufacturing _________________ 100 100 35 hours _______________________________________ Over 35 and under 37Vz hours ________________ 37V2 hours _____________________________________ 383/g hours _________________ ___ ___________ Over 38V4 and under 40 hours ________________ 40 hours _ __ _ Over 40 and under 44 hours 44 hours _______________________________________ 45 hours _ „ _______ __ _______ _______ Over 45 hours _ 1 1 ** 17 All workers ________________ Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 Public utilities ^ PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— AU industries Manufacturing Public utilitiest Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 7 - _ . 97 _ 91 3 7 Financet t Services 4 4 - 3 - - 43 1 - 8 4 21 - 5 84 - 98 ** ** 89 - 7 4 4 1 5 5 9 78 ♦* ** ** 99 - - 2 - - - - 1 2 - - - - ■ " " ■ “ “ 1 8 3 68 32 - 86 - - 86 1 2 1 1 Services - - - - - 2 1 - 3 _ " - 1 Estimates for office workers are not comparable with earlier studies. See Introduction, p. 2. 2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. ♦♦Less than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. T a b le B -4 : O v e r tim e Pay P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N — Overtime policy All workers ___ ___ ___ Workers in establishments providing premium pay3 _ __ __ . __ _ Time and one-half __ __ Effective after less than 8 hours _______ Effective after 8 hours _______ _____ Effective after more than 8 hours Other __ _ Workers in establishments providing no premium pay or having no policy __________________ Workers in establishments providing premium pay 3 Time and on e-h alf__________________________ Effective after less than 40 hours Effective after 40 hours _______ ____ Effective after more than 40 hours______ Other ________________________________________ Workers in establishments providing no premium pay or having no policy 1 AH in d u stries 1 M anufacturing Public , u tilities f W holesale trade R e ta il trade P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — Finance •j’ j ’ Services AU industries M a n u fa c tu rin g Public u tilitie s y W holesale tra d e R e ta il tra d e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 33 33 6 27 53 53 49 49 38 38 8 8 8 85 85 6 75 4 93 93 8 85 98 98 87 87 65 65 1 _ 43 49 33 33 2 32 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 67 62 92 15 _ 97 97 2 96 _ _ 94 94 6 88 _ _ 99 99 14 85 . 98 98 7 89 2 _ “ 3 6 ** 2 10 - - 67 47 51 98 98 6 92 _ _ 100 2 98 . _ 100 100 100 _ 100 2 “ _ 31 7 _ _ _ 98 - . 87 . - . . 7 2 13 100 100 10 100 100 . 100 100 100 90 - _ ” _ Services ■ _ 52 14 _ 35 . 100 _ 96 96 _ 90 6 _ ” 4 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Graduated provisions are classified to the first effective premium rate. For example, a plan calling for time and one-half after 8 and double time after 10 hours a day would be considered as time and one-half after 8 hours. Similarly, a plan calling for no pay or pay at regular rate after 377s and time and one-half after 40 hours would be considered as time and one-half after 40 hours. * * Less than 0 .5 percent. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., January 1958 f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 15 T a b le B -5 : W age S tru ctu re C h a r a c te r is tic s and L a b o r -M a n a g e m e n t P E R C E N T O P O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N — Item A ll industries 1 M anufacturing Public . u tilities "f W holesale trade R etail trade A g re em e n ts P E R C E N T OF P L A N T W O R K ER S E M P L O Y E D IN — Finance ‘| " f Servioes 2 AU , industries M a nufacturing Public u tilities f W holesale trade 100 72 28 R e ta il trade Servioes W a g * structure for tim o-ratod workers 3 Formal rate structure - _______ Single rate _ __ ------------------- ----------Range of rates ----------- __ __ __ Individual rates ___________ __ „ — ------- _ ------------------- _ __ ----------------__ ____ _ 69 2 67 31 77 3 74 23 79 - 79 21 38 7 31 62 62 3 59 38 79 - 79 21 95 50 45 5 97 50 47 3 99 45 55 *♦ ■ 88 36 52 12 84 16 3 8 4 80 20 6 13 1 100 - 98 2 81 19 - - - _ “ 1 1 3 17 80-84 90-94 95+ M ethod of w a g e paym ent for plant workers DATA NOT COLLECTED Time workers ______________________________________ * Incentive workers ___ — ____ ______ _______ Piecework __ ____ __ __ ____ __ ____ _ Bonus work _______ ___ ______ ____ C om m ission__ ____ _________________ _ L ab or-m anagem ent agreements 4 Workers in establishments with agreements covering a majority of such workers _____ 10-14 0-4 60-64 5-9 30-34 0 -4 85-89 60-64 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Estimates for office workers are based on total office employees, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-rated employees only. 4 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so obtained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements, due to the exclusion of smaller size establishments. ** Less than 0 .5 percent. | Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, ft Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., January 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 16 Table B-6: Paid Holidays* PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Item A ll w o r k e r s ___ ____ __ _ _____ ____ _____ PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— All , industries Manufacturing Public utilities ^ Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 100 100 ' - 1 - - - - _ 35 86 35 ** 55 ** 43 _ 44 _ 39 ! 83 1 48 11 31 8 4 11 4 14 9 7 18 16 12 14 _ ** 45 _ 12 33 _ . 13 5 5 12 19 1 2 3 18 5 1 ** 4 1 2 ** - - - - 11 - 4 7 12 - 3 _ 13 2 1 _ ** 3 1 ** - “ 8 4 " - - - “ " - • 3 1 ** 1 ■ ” ■ 10 3 “ 1 2 - 1 4 5 8 21 25 48 56 100 100 100 _ 1 1 2 19 24 37 57 100 100 100 3 12 12 24 32 36 61 65 100 100 100 _ . 1 1 1 10 10 35 44 99 99 99 2 2 2 14 14 40 57 100 100 100 Manufacturing Public utilities J Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - - " _ 44 _ 43 32 8 7 1 17 19 6 8 3 5 ** 8 All 2 industries Finance "ft Services Retail trade Services W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g W o r k e r s ^ e s t a b li s h m e n t s p r o v id in g no paid h o lid a y s __ ______ — __ __ _ _________ N u m b e r off d a y s L e s s than 6 h olid a y s ___ _ ________ ______ 6 h o lid a y s __ ____ __ _ _______ 6 h o lid a y s p lu s: 1 h a lf day __ ______ ___ _ _ ___ _ __ ___ 2 h a lf days _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ________ __ 3 h a lf days ____________________________________ 7 h olid a y s __ _______ ___ _____________ __ 7 h olid a ys p lu s: 1 h a lf d a y ___ _ _ __ ___ _ __ ____ — _ 2 h a lf days _ __ _ _______ ___ __ _ ____ 5 h a lf days _ _ __ _ _ _______ _ _ 8 h olid a y s __ _ _____ _ __ _ _ _____ 8 h olid ays p lu s: 2 h a lf d a y s ................................................................... 9 h olid a ys p lu s: 2 h a lf days _ — _ __ _ __ _ --------____ _ _ _ __ ____ __ 4 h a lf days ___ 10 h olid a ys __ __ _ _ _______________ - _ - - - T o t a l h o l i d a y t im e 4 1 1 Hays 10 o r m o r e d a y s __________________________________ 9 7a o r m o r e days ________________________________ 9 o r m o r e days _____ _ __ _ _____ __ ____ 8 o r m o r e days _____ _ __ ----_ __ ____ 7Va o r m o r e days ________________________________ 7 o r m o r e days __ __ _______ _ __ _ — 67a o r m o r e days ___ _______ __ __ _ _ ___ 6. o r m o r e days _ __ __ __ __ __ __ 5 o r m o r e days __ _ __ ---- --- ------- -----3 o r m o r e days _ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ __ _ _ _ - - - - - - - 21 23 65 65 100 100 100 1 6 14 14 100 100 100 20 20 68 68 100 100 100 See footnotes at end of table. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, t t Finance, insurance, and real estate. _ _ - - - - _ - 11 11 56 56 100 100 100 16 16 61 61 100 100 100 _ 1 3 15 15 99 99 100 Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis>St. Paul, Minn. , January 19*8 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 17 Table B-6: Paid H olidays1 - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - Item A11 , industries * Manufacturing Public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance "tl" Services All . industries Manufacturing Public . utilities T Wholesale trade Retail trade Services Holidays 5 New Year's Day _____________________ ___ __ Washington's Birthday______________ ________ Decoration Day __ ______ July 4th ...................................................................... Labor Day _ ____ Armistice Day ________________________________ Thanksgiving Day __________ _______________ Christmas ....... Good Friday ___________________________________ Christmas E v e ________________________________ Lincoln's Birthday __ _ .... Half day Christmas E v e _______________________ Half day Good Friday Half day New Year's Eve _____________________ Half day Lincoln's Birthday___________________ 100 21 100 100 99 12 100 100 14 4 3 25 12 10 3 100 18 100 100 100 4 100 100 6 5 100 18 100 100 100 49 100 100 1 1 100 27 100 100 98 100 100 35 7 - - - 28 10 5 3 19 1 19 13 13 100 8 100 100 98 - 100 100 2 _ - 1 4 _ 100 28 100 100 100 18 100 100 26 4 9 37 26 13 4 99 7 99 99 98 9 98 99 5 7 18 ** 9 100 8 100 99 100 8 100 100 5 12 28 ** 12 100 17 100 100 100 40 100 100 _ _ 11 ** 11 100 15 100 100 100 - 100 100 35 7 15 - 15 100 ** 99 100 99 - 99 100 3 - 3 - 1 1 Estimates relate to holidays provided annually. 2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 5 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 4 All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. 5 Only the holidays or half-day holidays provided to at least 3 percent of the office or plant workers in the area are shown in this tabulation. A few other holidays or half-holidays were provided. ♦♦Less than 0. 5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 18 Table B-7: Paid Vacations PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— V a ca tio n p o lic y A ll w o r k e r s _______________________________________ AH industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities J Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 1 100 98 2 100 100 - 100 100 - - - - 6 49 5 1 2 49 9 - ** 7 - 29 ** 71 ** PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— All industries Manufacturing Public utilities ’j’ Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 - 99 93 7 100 88 12 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 _ - - - 1 - - - - _ 33 - 25 19 - 1 8 - 14 24 _ 44 19 _ - - 28 12 ** 30 9 - - 10 79 4 3 - - - - 22 1 77 - 72 2 26 - 34 65 1 72 28 - 4 96 - 77 4 18 ** 85 7 8 - 75 3 22 - 61 38 1 64 36 - 9 ** 89 1 9 1 90 - 8 _ 89 2 20 _ 79 1 22 _ 78 - _ _ 100 - 47 6 45 1 62 11 25 26 2 72 - 25 2 72 1 20 80 - 1 ** 97 1 1 - 2 1 95 13 12 71 2 2 - ** ** 77 1 77 15 Finance"ft Services M eth od o f p aym on t W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g paid v a c a tio n s ___________________________________ L e n g t h -o f - t im e paym ent P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t _____ ___________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no paid v a c a tio n s __________________________________ A m oun t o f v a c a tio n p a y 9 A fte r 6 m onths o f s e r v ic e L e s s than 1 w e e k __________________ _____________ 1 w e e k _____________________________________________ O v e r 1 and und er 2 w eeks 2 w eek s A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _____________________________________________ O v er 1 and under 2 w eek s _ __________________ 2 w eek s O v e r 2 w e e k s _____________________________________ A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek O v e r 1 and under 2 w eek s 2 w eek s _ _____ __ _____________________________ O ver 2 w eek s __ ____ ______________________ 1 A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _____________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w eek s 2 w eeks ___________________________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w ee k s 3 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ______ - 2 - _ - _ - 4 - - 98 2 99 1 96 100 - - - - - - - 7 7 83 1 1 ** _ _ 99 _ - ** 91 84 16 85 8 6 - 2 2 96 - _ 5 94 1 - _ 100 - - A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 2 w eek s ____ _ __ ___ ________ _____ 2 w e e k s ___________________________________________ O ve r 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w ee k s 85 9 6 ~ 10 13 - 98 2 ~ See footnotes at end of table. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. NOTE: 1 _ 9 “ “ ** 7 - - - 100 99 1 90 " 10 “ " Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , January 1958 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length of tim e," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. 19 Table B-7: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— V a ca tion p o lic y All . industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities j Wholesale trade Retail trade PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance ■}"}■ Services AU 2 industries Manufacturing Public utilities y Wholesale trade Retail trade A m o u n t off v o c a t i o n p a y 3 - C o n t i n u e d A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 2 w eeks ---------------------- _ ---------------------2 w eeks ____________________________ _____________ __ _______ __ ___ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s 3 w eeks _________________ _ ____________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks ______________________ 4 w eeks _______ ___ ________ _________ __ ______ ** 56 5 39 ** ** 47 4 48 - _ 55 2 42 - 1 - _ 49 1 50 - 64 36 - . 67 10 24 - . 63 6 30 ** _ 53 11 36 - _ 63 _ 37 _ _ 48 4 48 _ _ 84 16 - - - - - - - - ** 12 ** 87 1 ** 13 86 - 8 2 88 2 10 1 87 2 _ 12 88 - _ 8 - 89 8 _ 2 1 91 6 _ 14 - _ 16 1 79 1 2 _ 3 92 - _ 17 1 78 1 2 86 - 10 73 ** 17 13 64 1 22 10 81 11 67 12 82 ** 82 14 79 - - - - 10 22 7 18 16 71 2 10 3 83 - 18 69 2 11 3 65 - 32 14 7 10 47 12 41 10 62 11 41 12 38 ** 55 - - - - - 47 29 47 51 45 14 50 ** 36 3 51 _ 16 49 1 34 3 54 _ 43 46 14 52 34 A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 2 w eek s ----- __ ------_ ------------------------2 w eek s _________________ _____ ____________ — O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ______________________ 3 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w eek s ______________________ -4 w eek s _____ _____ ___ ______________________ 1 - - - A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 3 w eek s ___ __ _____ ____________________ 3 w eek s ____________________________ ________ __ O v e r 3 and under 4 w ee k s ___ __ _____________ 4 w eek s _______ ____________ __ _______________ A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 3 w eeks ------ ------ ------- ----_ ---------3 w eek s ____ _____ __ __ __ _______ _ _____ O v e r 3 and under 4 w eek s ____ _____ _________ 4 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------------------ - 44 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Periods of service were arbitrarily chosen and do not necessarily reflect the individual provisions for progressions. include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. ^ Less than 0. 5 percent. t Transportation ^excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years' service 20 Table B-8: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans PERCENT OP OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - Type of plan All workers _____________________________________ Workers in establishments providing: Life insurance ______________________________ Accidental death and dismemberment insurance _______ ___ _______ __ _ __ Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both 3 Sickness and accident insurance . Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) _ . Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period) __________________ __ Hospitalization insurance _______ Surgical insurance Medical insurance __________________________ Catastrophe insurance ________________ Retirement pension _ _____________ __ No health, insurance, or pension plan All industries1 100 Manufacturing Public utilities y 100 100 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade All industries Retail trade Finance Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 Services Public utilities y Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 93 95 94 89 79 96 87 89 97 96 79 42 49 19 46 44 39 49 49 28 69 46 71 40 81 68 94 21 66 44 85 45 52 14 91 73 92 87 97 28 92 73 89 59 44 38 84 32 35 49 16 9 31 31 26 3 81 80 63 27 79 3 1 91 88 57 13 73 1 6 45 45 28 1 78 2 5 88 88 78 28 69 6 10 61 59 30 30 62 9 - 12 82 80 57 5 63 2 11 92 89 63 4 67 2 42 56 56 32 ** 97 4 93 91 71 14 59 5 68 66 48 9 50 2 90 90 90 51 99 Services 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least the mininum' number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. ♦♦Less than 0 .5 percent. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , January 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 2 1 Appendix: Job Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rate 8 representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and inter area comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ signifi cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau*s field representatives are instructed to exclude work ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O ffice BILLER, MACHINE Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in cidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Biller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers* purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or ac counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func tional basis among several workers. 22 CLERK, FILE Class A - Responsible for maintaining an established filing system . C lassifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating m aterial in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - Perform s routine filing, usually of m aterial that has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating m a terial in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives custom ers' orders for material or merchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to custom ers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective de partments to be filled. May check with credit department to deter mine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from custom ers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original o rd ers. CLERK, KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. Keeps files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Perform s various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or m a ile rs, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Perform s secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confi dential m ail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ilar machine, and transcribing dicta tion or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or m e m o r a n d a for information of superior. PAYROLL STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as w orker’s name, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. Prim ary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ilar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type w riter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). COMPTOMETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, Prim ary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform m athe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. Prim ary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ilar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. TECHNICAL DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon sibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine. Makes necessary ad justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto m aster. May keep file of used stencils or ditto m asters. May sort, collate, and staple com pleted m aterial. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take m e ssag es. May give infor mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone ord ers. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. 23 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’s time while at switchboard. included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TABULATING-MACH1NE OPERATOR Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine; does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate auxiliary machines. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep ing simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreignlanguage copy; combining material from several sources, or planning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uni formity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records. % May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not Professional DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Uses various types of drafting tools .as required. May pre pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or pre liminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during Class B - Performs one or more of the following: Typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. and Techni cal DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working pl&ns, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc. , to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. 24 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees1 injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. Ma intenance TRACER Copies tracing cloth or Uses T-square, simple drawings plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare and do simple lettering. nd Powerpl ant CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, mo tor s, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one~~engineer are excluded. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electricianfs handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding ma terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools, and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. 25 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjust ments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making ail necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance* mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded frojn this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instruc tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a va riety of machinists handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinists wcrk normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay out are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re ducers. In general, the millwrightfs work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal appren ticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required Tor different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. 26 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the fol lowing; Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe re quired; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Workers rimarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or eating systems are excluded. and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains *(ith a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning Cus t odi al (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tqols, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi cations; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling; of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. and Ma t e r i a l ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In cludes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. TOOL AND DIE MAKER Move me n t JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restroomr . Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. 27 LABORER. MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchan dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers1 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of out going orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re sponsible for incoming shipment of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware houses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail estab lishments and customers1 houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under lVa tons) Truckdriver, medium (lVa to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy 1over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys are being conducted in 19 major labor markets during late 1957 and early 1958. These bulletins, numbered 1224-1 through 1224-1 % may be purchased when available, from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C., or from any of the regional sales offices shown below. A summary bulletin containing data for all labor markets,combined with additional analysis will be issued early in 1959* Bulletins for the labor markets listed below are now available. Seattle, Wash., August 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-1, price 20 cents Boston, Mass., September 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-2, price 25 cents Baltimore, Md., August 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-3, price 25 cents Dallas, Tex., October 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-4, price 20 cents St. Louis, Mo., November 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-5, price 25 cents Philadelphia, Pa., October 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224^6, price 25 cents Denver, Colo., December 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-7, price 25 cents
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