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Occupational Wage Survey MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE J ANUARY 1 9 6 3 Bulletin No. 1345-36 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clogue, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE JANUARY 1963 Bulletin No. 1345-36 April 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W . Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Preface Contents Page The L a b o r M a rk et O ccu p ation al W age Survey P ro g ra m E ig h ty -tw o la b or m a rk e ts cu rren tly are included in the B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s p ro g ra m of annual o c cupational wage s u r v e y s in m a jo r labor m a r k e ts. T h ese stu dies pro vid e data on occupational earnings and related su p p lem en tary b e n e fits. Inform ation on related su p p le m en ta ry b en efits is obtained biennially in m o st of the labor m a r k e ts . Introduction -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W age trends fo r se le c te d occupational groups ____________________________ T a b les : 1. 2. 3. A p r e lim in a r y rep o rt which p rese n ts earnings tren ds fo r s e le c te d occu p ation al groups and average e a r n ings in s e le c te d jo b s is r e le a se d within a m onth after the com p letio n o f the study in each a rea. This bulletin p r o v id e s additional data not included in the p relim in a ry rep o rt. A tw o -p a r t su m m a ry bulletin is issu ed a fter the c o m p letio n of a ll o f the a re a bulletins fo r a round of s u r v e y s (fo r the c u rren t round of su rv e y s, the fir s t part of this b u lletin w ill be a va ilab le late in 1963 and the second p art e a r ly in 19 64 ). The fir s t part p r ese n ts individual la b o r m a r k e t data. The second part p rese n ts data r e lating to a ll m e tro p o lita n a re a s in the United States. A: E sta b lish m e n ts and w o rk ers within scope of su rvey ------------------P e rc e n ts of in c r e a se in standard w eekly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings for selected occu pation al g rou p s, for se le c te d p erio d s _______________________ Indexes of standard w eekly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se le c te d occupational groups ______________ O ccupational e a r n in g s :* A - 1. O ffice occu p ation s—m en and w om en --------------------------------------A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occu p ation s^m en and w om en ___________________________________________ A - 3. O ffice , p r o fe s s io n a l, and tech n ical occu p ation s— m en and w om en com bined ___________________________________ A -4 . M aintenance and pow erplant occupations ----------------------------A - 5. C u stodial and m a te r ia l m o v em en t occupations ------------------ Appendix: This b u lletin was prep ared in the B u re a u 's r e gional o ffic e in A tlan ta, Ga. , by Jam es D . Garland, under the d ir e c tio n of D onald M . C r u se . The study was under the g en era l d ir e c tio n of L o u is B . W oytych, A ssista n t R e gional D ir e c to r fo r W a ges and Industrial R elation s. 1 3 O ccupational d e sc rip tio n s ________________________________________ * NOTE: S im ila r tabulations are a v a ilab le fo r other m a jo r a r e a s . (See in side back c o v e r .) Union s c a le s , in dicative of prevailin g pay le v e ls , a re a lso a v a ilab le fo r the follow ing tra d es or in d u strie s: Building con stru ction , prin tin g, lo c a l-t r a n s it operating e m p lo y e e s, and m o to rtru c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . iii 2 4 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 Occupational Wage Survey—Memphis, Tenn. Introduction T h is a re a is 1 of 82 labor m ark e ts in which the U .S. D e pa rtm en t of L a b o r 's B ureau of Labor S ta tistics conducts su rvey s of occu p ation al ea rn in g s and related wage ben efits on an areaw ide b a s is . O ccupational em p loym en t and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w o r k e r s , i . e . , those h ired to work a reg u lar w eekly schedule in the given occupational c la s s ific a tio n . E arnings data exclude p r e m iu m pay for o v ertim e and for w ork on w eek en ds, h olidays, and late sh ifts. N onproduction bonuses are excluded, but c o s t -o f living bon u ses and incentive earnin gs are included. W here w eekly hours are rep o rted , as for office c le r ic a l occupations, referen ce is to the w ork sch ed ules (rounded to the n ea re st half hour) for which s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s are paid; a verage w eek ly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the n ea re st half dollar. This bu lletin p r e se n ts current occupational em p loym en t and ea rn in g s in fo rm a tio n obtained la rg e ly by m a il fro m the esta b lish m en ts v isite d by B u reau fie ld e c o n o m ists in the la st p rev iou s su rvey for occupations r e p o rte d in that e a r lie r study. P e rso n a l v is its w ere made to n on respon den ts and to those respondents reporting unusual changes sin ce the p rev io u s su rvey . In each a re a , data are obtained fr o m r e p rese n ta tiv e e s ta b lish m e n ts within six broad in du stry d iv isio n s: M anufacturing; t r a n s portation , com m u n ica tio n , and other public u tilitie s; w h o le sale trade; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor in d u stry groups exclu ded fr o m these studies are governm ent o p era tions and the con stru ction and extractive in d u stries. E sta b lish m en ts having fe w e r than a p r e sc r ib e d num ber of w o rk ers are om itted b eca u se they tend to fu rn ish in su fficien t em p loym en t in the occu p a tions studied to w a rra n t in clu sion . Separate tabulations a re provided for each of the b road in du stry division s which m eet publication c r ite r ia . D iffe re n c e s in pay le v e ls for selec ted occupations in which both m en and w om en are com m on ly em ployed are la rg ely due to (1) d iffe re n ce s in the distribu tion of the sex es among industries and e sta b lish m e n ts; (2) d iffe re n ce s in sp e c ific duties p e rfo rm ed , although the occupations are ap p rop ria tely c la s s ifie d within the sam e survey job d e sc rip tio n ; and (3) d iffe re n ce s in length of se rv ic e or m erit review when individual s a la r ie s are adjusted on this b a sis. Longer average s e r v ic e of m en would re su lt in higher average pay when both sex e s are em p loyed within the sam e rate range. Job d e s c r ip tions u sed in c la ssify in g em p lo y ee s in these su rvey s are usually m o re g en e ra liz e d than those used in individual establish m en ts to allow for m in or d iffe re n ce s among esta b lish m en ts in specific duties p e rfo rm ed . T h ese su r v e y s are conducted on a sam ple b a sis becau se of the u n n e c e s s a r y co st in volved in surveying all e sta b lish m e n ts. To obtain optim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m cost, a g re a ter proportion of la rg e than of s m a ll esta b lish m e n ts is studied. In com bining the data, h ow ev er, a ll esta b lish m e n ts are given their appropriate weight. E s t i m a te s b a se d on the e sta b lish m en ts studied are p r ese n te d , th e re fo re , as rela tin g to a ll esta b lish m e n ts in the industry grouping and a rea, excep t for those b elow the m in im u m size studied. O ccu p ation s O ccupational em p loym en t e s tim a te s re p re se n t the total in all e sta b lish m en ts within the scope of the study and not the number actu a lly su rvey ed . B eca u se of d iffe re n ce s in occupational structure among e sta b lish m e n ts, the e stim a te s of occupational em ploym ent obtained fr o m the sam p le of e sta b lish m en ts studied serv e only to indicate the rela tiv e im p o rtan ce of the jo b s studied. T hese d iffe re n ce s in o ccu pational stru ctu re do not m a te r ia lly affect the a ccu ra cy of the e a rn ings data. and E a rn in g s The o ccu p ation s se le c te d for study are com m on to a v a riety of m an u factu rin g and nonm anufacturing in d u stries, and are of the follow in g ty p e s: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p r o fe ssio n a l and tech n ica l; (c) m ain ten an ce and pow erp lan t; and (d) custodial and m a te r ia l m o v e m en t. O ccu p ation al c la ssific a tio n is based on a un iform set of job d e sc rip tio n s d e sig n ed to take account of inter esta b lish m en t v ariation in duties within the sa m e jo b . The occupations selec ted for study are lis te d and d e s c r ib e d in the appendix. Earnings data for so m e of the occu pation s lis te d and d e sc rib e d are not presen ted in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s b ec a u se eith er (1) em p loym en t in the occupation is too sm a ll to p ro vid e enough data to m e r it presen tation , or (2) there is p o s s i b ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual esta b lish m en t data. E sta b lish m en t P r a c tic e s and Supplem entary W age P ro v isio n s Tabu lation s on se le c te d esta b lish m en t p r a ctic e s and su pp le m en ta ry wage p ro v isio n s ( B - s e r i e s tables) are not presen ted in this bulletin. In form ation for these tabulations is co llec ted biennially in this a rea. T h ese tabulations on m in im u m entrance s a la r ie s for in ex p e rie n ce d w om en o ffice w o r k e r s ; shift d iffe re n tia ls; scheduled w eek ly h o u rs; paid h o lid a y s; paid v acation s; and health, in su ran ce, and pen sion plans are p rese n te d (in the B - s e r i e s tables) in previou s b u lletin s fo r this a re a . i 2 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin sc o p e of su rv e y and n u m b e r stu d ied in M e m p h is, N u m b er o f e sta b lish m e n ts In d u stry d iv isio n A ll d iv isio n s ________________________________________________________ M3 rtn i-i ng N nnm am ifa rtn ri ng T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and n th ^ f pilhlir nt.ilitipis 56 ......... Wl'ir>l p salp trarlp ^ . __ R ptai 1 traHp ^ ......... F in a n r'*1 inpiyrqnrPj anri rpal pstatp r*p p 7 _ . ___________ ...... Tenn, b y m a jo r in d u str y d iv is io n , 2 Jan u ary 1963 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n ts W ithin sc o p e of stu d y 1 34 2 Studied W ithin scop e of study * Studied 44 0 151 8 4 , 900 51, 380 168 272 58 93 3 8 , 700 4 6 , 200 24 , 49 0 26 , 890 50 77 76 33 36 24 20 21 12 16 10, 8, 15, 5, 6, 800 700 400 200 100 8, 2, 9, 3, 3, 140 940 290 090 43 0 1 The M e m p h is Stan dard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s of S h elb y C ou n ty . The "w o r k e r s within sc o p e of s t u d y " e s t im a t e s show n in this ta b le p ro v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip t io n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f the lab or fo r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y . Th e e s t im a t e s a r e not in tend ed , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n with other e m p lo y m e n t in d e x es fo r the a r e a to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r le v e ls sin ce (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e sta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance of the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x clu d ed fr o m the sc o p e of the s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d ed ition o f the Standard In d u str ia l C la s s if ic a t io n M an u al w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u str y d iv is io n . 3 In clu d es a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts with total em p lo y m en t at or ab ove the m in im u m lim ita tio n (50 e m p lo y e e s ). A l l o u tle ts (w ith in the a r e a ) of c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s tr ie s as tr a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ictu re th e a te rs a r e c o n sid e r e d as 1 e s t a b lis h m e n t. 4 In clu d es a ll w o r k e r s in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts with to ta l em p lo y m e n t (w ithin the area) at or above the m in im u m lim ita t io n (5 0 e m p lo y e e s ) . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid e n ta l to w ater t ra n sp o r ta tio n w e r e ex clu d e d . M e m p h is' e l e c t r ic , g a s, and t r a n s it s y s t e m s a r e m u n ic ip a lly o p era ted and a r e exclu d ed b y d efin ition f r o m the sc o p e of the stud y. 6 T h is in d u str y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s fo r " a l l i n d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b l e s . S ep a ra te p r e s e n tation o f data fo r this d iv is io n is not m ad e fo r one or m o r e of the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m en t in the d iv is io n is too s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it se p a r a te stud y, (2) the s a m p le w as not d esig n ed in itia lly to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e se n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t or in adequate to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e se n ta tio n , and (4) th e re is p o s s ib ility of d is c lo s u r e o f in dividu al e sta b lish m e n t data. ' H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; m o tio n p ictu r e s; n onprofit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and en g in eer in g and a r c h it e c tu r a l s e r v i c e s . 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n te d in tab le 2 are p ercen tages of change in a verage s a la r ie s of o ffic e c le r ic a l w orkers and industrial n u r s e s , and in a v era ge earnin gs of s e le c te d plant w orker groups. F o r o ffic e c le r ic a l w o rk ers and in dustrial n u r s e s , the p e r centages of change rela te to average w eekly sa la r ie s fo r n orm al hours of w ork, that i s , the standard work schedule for which str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s a re paid. F o r plant w orker grou ps, they m e a su re changes in a vera ge s tr a ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnin gs, excluding p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. The p e rc e n ta g e s a re b ased on data for selec ted key occupations and in clude m o st of the n u m e r ic a lly im portant jobs within each group. The o ffic e c le r ic a l data are b a se d on m en and wom en in the follow ing 19 jo b s : B oo k k eep in g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s , c la ss B; c le r k s , accounting, c la s s A and B; c le r k s , f i le , c la s s A , B , and C; c le r k s , o rd e r ; c le r k s , p a y r o ll; C o m p to m eter o p e r a to r s ; keypunch o p e ra to rs, c la s s A and B; office boys and g ir ls ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; sten ograp h ers, g en eral; ste n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r ; sw itch board o p e r a to r s; tabu latin g-m ach in e o p e r a to r s, c la s s B; and ty p is ts , c la s s A and B . The industrial n u rse data are b ased on m e n and w om en in du strial n u rse s. M en in the follow ing 8 sk illed m ain ten an ce job s and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant w ork er data: S k ille d — c a rp e n te rs; e le c tric ia n s; m a c h in ists; m e ch an ics; m e c h a n ic s , autom otive; p a in ters; p ip efitte rs; and too l and die m a k e r s ; u n sk ille d — ja n ito r s , p o r te r s , and c le a n e r s; and la b o r e r s , m a te r ia l handling. A v e r a g e w eek ly s a la r ie s or average hourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each of the selec ted occupations. The average s a l a rie s or hourly earnings w ere then m u ltip lied by em ploym ent in each of the job s during the perio d su rvey ed in 1961. T h ese weighted e a rn ings fo r individual occupations w ere then totaled to obtain an aggregate fo r each occupational group. F in a lly , the ratio (e x p re s s e d as a p e r centage) of the group a ggregate fo r the one y ea r to the aggregate for the other y ear was com puted and the d iffe re n ce between the result and 100 is the p ercen tage of change fr o m the one p erio d to the other. The p e rce n ta ge s of change m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the effects of (1) g en eral s a la r y and wage ch an ges; (2) m e r it or other in c re a se s in pay r ec eiv ed by individual w o rk ers while in the sam e job; and (3) changes in avera ge w ages due to changes in the labor force resu ltin g fro m labor tu rn o ve r, fo r c e ex p a n sion s, fo rc e reductions, and changes in the proportion s of w o rk e rs em p loyed by establish m en ts with differen t pay le v e ls . C hanges in the labor fo r c e can cause in c r e a s e s or d e c r e a s e s in the occupational a v era g e s without actual wage ch an ges. F o r ex a m p le, a fo rc e expansion m ight in cre ase the proportion of low er paid w o rk ers in a sp e c ific occupation and lower the a v e r a g e , w h ereas a reduction in the proportion of low er paid w o rk ers would have the opposite e ffe c t. S im ila r ly , the m ovem ent of a h igh -payin g esta b lish m en t out of an a rea could cause the average earnings to d rop , even though no change in rates o ccu rre d in other esta b lish m en ts in the a rea. The use of constant em p loym en t w eights elim in a tes the e f fect of changes in the proportion of w o rk ers rep resen ted in each job included in the data. The p e rce n ta ge s of change are not in flu enced by changes in standard w ork sch ed ules or in prem iu m pay for o v e r tim e , sin ce they are b a se d on pay fo r s tra ig h t-tim e hours. The above text r e p r e se n ts the m ethod u sed in com puting a new trend s e r ie s (table 2). T h is se r ie s , initiated with the expansion of the labor m ark et wage su rvey p ro gram to 80 Standard M etropolitan S ta tistica l A r e a s , w ill rep lace the old s e r ie s (1953 b ase) shown in table 3. Changes in the job s su rvey ed and job d escription s since the start of the old s e r ie s called fo r a reexam in ation of the jobs and job groupings fo r which trends w ere to be com puted. The new s e r ie s co v ers the sam e job groupings as the e a r lie r s e r ie s with ihe follow ing excep tion s: The c le r ic a l and in d u stria l n u rse g ro u p s, fo r m e r ly r e stric te d to w om en, now include both m en and w om en . Changes w ere a lso m ade in the jobs included within job groupings in o rd er that an identical lis t could be em ployed in all a r e a s . T a b le 2 . P e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e in sta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s in M e m p h is , T e n n . , fo r s e l e c t e d p e r io d s J a n u a ry 1962 to J a n u a ry 19 63 In d u str y and o c c u p a tio n a l grou p Janu ary I9 60 to J a n u a r y 1961 J an u ary 1961 to J a n u a ry 1962 A l l in d u s tr ie s : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ) -------------------------------------------In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n ) -------------------------------------S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m e n ) -------------------------------------------------------U n s k ille d p lant (m e n ) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. 3 3 .9 3. 5 3. 0 5 .7 2. 3 4 .9 7. 3 M a n u fa c tu r in g : O f f ic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ) -------------------------------------------In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n ) -------------------------------------S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m e n ) -------------------------------------------------------U n s k ille d p lan t (m e n ) ----------------------------------------- ----------------------- 1. 7 7. 4 C ) (M (M 3. 5 2. 5 4. 0 4 .6 5. 0 3. 7 1 4. 4. 4. 2. 3 .9 D a ta do not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . T a b le 3. In d ex e s o f sta n d a r d w e e k ly s a la r i e s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s fo r s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s in M e m p h is , T e n n . , J a n u a r y 196 3 and J a n u a ry 19 62 (J a n u a ry 1 9 5 3 = 1 0 0 ) In d u stry and o c c u p a tio n a l grou p A ll in d u s t r ie s : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (w o m e n ) _________________________________________ In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (w om en ) ------------------------------------------------------S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m e n ) -------------------------------------------------------U n s k ille d p lan t (m en) ----------------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (w o m e n ) -------------------------------------------------------------In d u s t r ia l n u r s e s (w om e n ) -------------------------------------------------------S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m e n ) _____________________________________ U n s k ille d p lan t (m en ) ----------------------------------------------------------------- D a ta do not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . Jan u ary 1963 7 2 2 0 Jan u ary 19 62 142. 6 1 5 5 .4 153. 4 1 5 5 .6 13 8. 149. 148. 149. 5 6 6 2 142. 5 141. 3 (M 146. 1 144. 4 (M 141. 5 140. 8 5 A: Occupational Earnings Tabic A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W om en (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Memphis, Tenn., January 1963) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of • NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF — (Standard) Weekly earnings 1 (Standard) Weekly 30.00 35.00 *40.00 *45.00 *50.00 *55.00 *60.00 *65.00 *70.00 *75.00 *80.00 *85.00 *90.00 * 95.00 foaoo 105.00 i i a o o 11500 *120100 *12500 *3aoo 135.00 140100 and and under 35.00 40 .00 45 .0 0 50.00 55.00 60.00 6 5 .00 70 .0 0 75.00 80 .00 85.00 90 .00 95.00 iocloo 105t00 11CL00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130LOO 1 3 5 lOO 14GL00 over Men C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A ____________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 156 96 60 40 .0 40 .0 40 .5 $106.50 110.50 100.50 - - - - - C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B ____________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 69 31 38 40 .0 40 .0 40 .0 88.00 90.00 86.50 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 108 85 40 .0 40 .0 87.00 88.50 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 7 5 Office boys _________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 54 28 26 39.5 40 .0 39.0 56.00 53.00 59.00 _ - _ _ 4 _ 4 18 10 8 13 8 5 8 8 T abulating-m achine op erators, c la ss A _________________________ 33 40 .0 104.00 . . . . T abulating-m achine o p erators, c la ss B ____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 41 31 39.0 39.0 84.50 82.00 “ - _ _ 2 2 87 36 51 40.0 40 .0 40 .0 61.00 50750" 61.50 1 - - - 11 16 4 12 1 - 34 24 10 1 - 22 8 14 1 - 1 - 1 1 1 - 9 9 9 9 1 1 5 5 14 14 1 1 2 2 3 4 3 13 12 1 1 . 76 11 65 62 2 60 21 11 10 18 6 12 9 6 3 10 4 6 9 3 6 3 3 - C le r k s, o rd er _________________ Nonmanufacturing _________ 2 - 11 7 4 16 7 9 9 3 6 15 7 8 5 4 1 10 6 4 10 6 4 14 12 2 10 10 5 2 3 2 2 - 11 3 8 10 _ 10 12 8 4 4 2 2 4 2 2 _ _ - 12 7 5 5 2 3 12 7 2 2 4 2 10 9 11 10 7 6 13 7 12 11 18 17 _ 4 1 3 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - 2 " " - 5 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 5 6 6 “ 4 2 12 11 6 5 1 - 2 - - 2 _ _ _ - - 2 10 6 4 24 17 7 6 3 3 7 3 4 5 5 - 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ - 11 8 - - - 1 3 1 8 5 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 - " - 2 4 1 “ “ " W om en B ille r s , m achine (billing m a c h i n e ) _____ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 11 - - - - B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping 62 59 39.5 39.5 59.00 57.50 38 39.5 75.50 Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B ------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 313 53 260 40 .0 40 .0 40 .0 60.00 58700" 58.50 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A ____________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 179 53 126 40.0 40 .0 40 .0 87.00 95.00 83.50 C le r k s, accounting, c la s s B ____________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 626 134 492 39.5 40 .0 39.5 63.50 57750" 62.50 _ C lerk s, file , c la ss B _____________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 153 140 39.5 39.5 C lerk s, file , c la ss C _____________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 122 102 C lerk s, ord er ______________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 171 44 127 Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 4 4 . " 8 8 6 6 B ookkeeping-m achine op era to rs, See footnote at end of table. _ 6 24 24 75 7 68 _ 6 4 - - - - - 6 _ _ _ - - - - 1 1 18 - - - - 6 - 18 15 2 13 11 1 10 10 5 5 27 5 22 19 9 10 18 3 15 8 7 1 5 5 - - 10 5 5 14 2 12 5 4 1 _ 69 - _ 1 1 6 2 4 4 1 3 1 _ _ _ 1 - 44 12 32 34 14 20 26 5 21 10 7 3 4 3 1 12 1 11 _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ 4 9 3 6 _ 69 79 28 51 _ - - 94 20 74 2 - 4 119 29 90 2 - - 114 12 102 4 - 2 2 - - - - - 61.50 62.00 _ _ 35 33 25 20 14 11 12 9 5 5 12 12 7 7 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - 13 13 _ - 16 16 - - - - 39.5 39.5 47.50 47.50 4 4 2 2 24 24 33 22 56 47 1 1 1 1 1 1 40 .0 39.5 40.0 66.50 71.00 65.00 _ _ _ 17 9 8 30 4 26 39 7 32 14 9 5 1 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 3 4 - 35 6 29 _ - 2 2 22 - _ - - - _ _ _ - " “ 4 ~ " - “ - " 4 - 22 - _ - 6 Table A -l. Office Occupations—Men and W o m e n ----- Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, M em phis, T en n ., January 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— A verage Number of s S $ S s s $ S 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 *75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 *95.00 100.00 1*05.00 *10.00 115.00 1*20.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 and 13 (LOU135.00 1AQJQ over 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85,00 90.00 95,00 100.00 1Q5JIQ 110.00 115 JO 1 2QJ.Q J $ 30.00 35.00 40 .00 45.00 hours 1 (Standard) Weekly j earnings (Standard) 195 100 95 39.5 39.5 40.0 $72.00 75.50 68.50 _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ 4 2 5 32 18 14 12 3 9 16 6 10 14 11 3 21 10 11 27 15 12 13 3 10 12 9 3 13 10 3 14 10 4 3 2 1 4 2 2 184 165 39.5 40.0 66.00 64.00 _ _ 11 11 11 11 14 14 14 13 52 47 27 27 18 17 4 4 6 5 10 6 3 2 8 6 2 2 4 - - ____________________________ " - - Keypunch op erators, c la ss A -----------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ 64 43 39.5 39.5 72.00 68.50 _ _ _ _ _ - - - 1 1 20 15 18 17 8 6 2 - 5 2 5 1 3 - 2 1 Keypunch op erators, c la ss B ____________ 170 32 138 39.0 40.0 39.0 61.50 69.00 59.50 _ _ _ 18 _ 18 11 15 10 5 15 1 14 2 2 - - - 2 2 7 4 3 - _ - 7 3 4 3 _ 26 24 3 21 _ _ 11 34 5 29 32 Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 3 - - - - 71 65 40.0 40.0 55.50 56.00 _ _ _ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ - - 19 17 18 14 5 5 23 23 3 3 3 3 558 178 380 43 39.5 40.0 39.0 40.0 79.50 84.50 77.00 94.00 _ _ 1 7 28 Manufacturing _________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ Public u tilit ie s 2 ... . - - - - - _ _ 1 7 28 37 9 28 44 12 32 67 21 46 - 69 19 50 4 68 24 44 4 40 16 24 7 29 7 22 7 28 6 22 4 31 15 16 9 22 11 11 5 21 5 16 2 9 8 1 - 2 2 - Stenographers, general __________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Public utilities 2 _________________________ 486 171 315 43 39.0 39.5 38.5 39.5 68.00 68.50 68.00 94.00 - - Stenographers, senior --------------------------------------Manufacturing _________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ 102 39 63 39.5 39.5 39.5 91.50 94.00 89.50 _ - - - Switchboard operators ____________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 133 115 41.5 41.5 50.50 48 .00 22 22 18 18 Switchboard o p er ator-recep tion ists ____ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 174 60 114 40.0 39.5 40.0 66.00 66.00 66.00 _ - Tabulating-m achine op erators, c la ss B ____________________________________ Nnnmannfarfnring 36 30 38.5 38.5 75.50 75.00 Tabulating-m achine op erators, c la ss C ____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 29 28 39.0 39.0 68.50 68.50 Tran scrib in g-m ach in e op erators, general ____________________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 203 42 161 40.0 40.0 40.0 62.50 59.00 63.50 _ _ - T yp ists, c la ss A __________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 162 35 127 39.5 40.0 39.5 65.50 79.50 62.00 _ _ _ - - T yp ists, c la ss B __________________________ Mannfarturing Nnnmannfarturing .... 412 109 303 40.0 40.0 39.5 54.00 56.50 53.00 _ _ _ Sex, occupation, and industry division Women— Continued Nonmanufacturing _ - 2 5 _ - 1 _ - - 50 19 31 1 - 4 4 - 50 17 33 1 75 13 62 1 78 36 42 - 75 32 43 3 43 16 27 3 50 21 29 - 38 20 18 6 21 10 11 1 3 3 - - 19 2 17 - 10 1 9 8 1 1 1 13 13 13 6 6 6 _ _ _ - 4 - - 2 2 _ - - - - - - 4 5 1 4 7 1 6 9 2 7 19 2 17 17 12 5 11 10 1 11 4 7 10 3 7 4 1 3 26 26 16 14 9 5 6 6 6 5 5 4 8 5 3 2 6 1 1 - - - " 6 6 - “ " _ - _ " 32 7 25 22 9 13 24 10 14 35 14 21 7 3 4 15 7 8 2 1 1 3 3 6 4 2 - - 15 4 11 " 3 1 2 _ - _ _ - 4 4 1 1 7 3 4 4 10 10 3 3 4 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 3 12 12 1 1 3 2 10 10 _ _ _ 33 11 22 29 9 20 54 11 43 45 3 42 15 3 12 13 1 12 1 _ 1 1 1 ~ _ - 9 3 6 _ - _ _ 15 18 37 3 34 18 6 12 16 3 13 5 5 - 11 2 9 _ 15 27 3 24 18 - 4 4 - 6 _ 18 120 30 90 114 31 83 47 21 26 10 3 7 10 8 2 1 18 86 16 70 - 6 _ 1 _ _ _ - - _ - - _ 1 1 - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - 2 2 - - 3 2 1 - - i i _ - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - 2 1 1 “ 1 1 - " - - - - - - " " - - “ " 1 1 - - - - - _ 10 10 - " - - " - ' - - 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - “ “ “ " “ - _ 5 5 - 6 4 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these w eekly hours, Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. 1 - ~ - - - Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, M em phis, Tenn. , January 1963) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers N UM BER OF W O RK ERS RECE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E W EEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ % 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 ~ and ~ ■ “ ~ 65. 00 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 over $ Weekly (Standard) Weekly earnings1 (Standard) $ $ Men . _ . 2 2 “ " " “ - 1 1 _ _ " “ 8 8 5 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 . 7 2 2 3 D raftsm en , senior ________________________ Manufacturing --------------------------------------- 43 34 40. 0 40. 0 $ 1 2 3 .0 0 128. 00 D raftsm en , junior ___________________ Manufacturing ------------------------------- 31 28 40. 5 40. 5 85. 50 87. 00 6 4 29 3 9 .5 92. 50 . 3 ___ ----- . " 6 4 4 4 1 - _ • 4 4 1 1 1 1 _ 2 . . 6 6 6 6 _ _ . " " 3 6 5 5 1 ________ “ - _ . 1 1 Standard hours r efle ct the workweek for which employees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 7 at $ 175 to $ 180; and 1 at $ 180 to $ 185. 28 8 . W omen N u r se s, in du strial (registered ) 1 - - - - - 8 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and W om en Combined (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, M em phis, Tenn. , January 1963) Occupation and industry division Number of workers weekly j Number of Occupation and industry division (Standard) earnings 1 (Standard) $ 6 3 .5 0 k? 50 64. 00 184 165 $ 6 6 . 00 64. 00 53 62 59 59. 00 57. 50 64 43 72. 00 68. 50 44 26 78. 00 81. 50 319 59 260 60. 50 68. 50 58. 50 335 149 186 96. 00 1 0 5 .0 0 89. 00 695 165 530 66. 00 71. 50 64. 00 153 140 61. 50 62. 00 124 104 48. 50 48. 50 Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 279 67 212 74. 50 75. 00 74. 50 Stenographers, senior Ivlanufacturing Nonmanufacturing M anufacturing Nonmanufacturing 206 To? 100 73. 50 77. 00 69. 50 Switchboard operators Nonxrianu.factu.ring 94 Nonmanufacturing • ---------------------------- , . ^^ u c u A g -------------------------------------8 C/i * s , accounting, c la ss --— -— -— Manufacturing _______________________________________ iNonmanuiacturing —-------- —------- —........... C lerk s, accounting, c la ss o --- ----------- -— Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, class B Manufacturing gi k a Ma u ctu g JNonmanulacturmg , C le r k s file , c la ss B Nonmanufacturing _________________ ---- . . . . . . . . . — C*. file N^nmanufacturing ........ ............ ............ ------------------------------------------------------- Keypunch operators, class B _________________________ Manufacturing _______________________________________ Nnnmanufa ctu ring 173 32 141 61. 50 6 9 .0 0 59. 50 Office boys and girls Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing __________ 125 34 91 55. 50 52. 50 56. 50 CJprrataripa .... __ __ _ ________ _________ 565 180 385 48 80. 85. 77. 96. 00 00 50 50 t gpnpr al _ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing ___________________________________ Public utilities 2 _________________________________ 489 171 318 46 68. 68. 68. 95. 50 50 00 00 _ ___ ____ .... - ______ ---------------------------- 107 40 67 92. 00 94. 00 90. 50 ____ ___________ 133 115 .... - . .. __ ____ ... ------------------------------___ __ Earnings relate to regular stra igh t-tim e weekly salarie s that are paid for standard workweeks. Transportation, communication, and other public u tilities. ______________________ ------------------------------............ -.... Ivlanufacturing Nonmanufacturing Public utilities 2 Number of earnings 1 (Standard) Office occupations— Continued O ffice occupations— Continued Office occupations Occupation and industry division 50. 50 48. 00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Tabulating-m achine o p erators, c la ss A ----------Tabulating-m achine op erators, c la ss B ----------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------Tabulating-m achine op erators, c la ss C ----------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------T ran scrib in g-m achin e op erators, general --------Manufacturing --------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------Typists, class A __________________________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 168 41 127 Switchboard o p er a to r -r ec ep tio n ists Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------------------------Typists, class B ---------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------Public u tilities 2 ---------------------------- 174 60 114 $ 6 6 . 00 66. 00 66. 00 36 1 0 2 .5 0 77 61 80. 50 78. 50 33 30 67. 50 68. 00 203 42 161 62. 50 59. 00 63. 50 441 122 319 31 ’ 67. 00 82. 00 62. 00 56. 57. 55. 82. 00 50 50 00 P rofession al and technical occupations ---------------------------------------------------------------D raftsm en, j u n i o r _______________ _ Manufacturing --------------------------------N u rses, industrial (registere d ) ------------------- D raftsm en, senior Manufacturing 47 38 125. 00 1 3 0 .0 0 31 28 85. 50 87. 00 29 92. 50 9 Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Memphis, Tenn. , January 1963) NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN INGS OF— Occupation and industry division C arp en ters, m aintenance Manufacturing .. Nonmanufacturing ....... Number of workers 83 40 43 .. Average hourly j earnings $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Under 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 and $ 1. 10 under 1. 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 0 2. 26 2. 52 - - E le c tr ic ia n s, m aintenance _______________ Manufacturing 161 153 2 .9 7 2799“ E n gin eers, stationary Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing 129 84 45 2 .6 2 2 .7 5 2. 37 2 2 - F ir e m e n , stationary b oiler ______________ Manufacturing __________________________ 160 138 1. 59 1. 55 - ___________ 118 72 46 39 1. 83 1.7 3 1. 98 2. 13 4 4 127 127 2 .8 8 2. 88 M ech an ics, automotive (maintenance) _____________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing Public u tilities 5 ___________________ 384 91 293 257 2. 76 2. 37 2 .8 8 2. 97 M ech anics, m aintenance Manufacturing 664 646 2 .6 9 2 .7 0 _ _ H e lp e r s, m aintenance trades Manufacturing Nonmarmfartnring 'Public litilities ® M ach in ists, m aintenance _________________ Manufacturing __________________________ " 15 10 5 10 7 3 1 1 - 7 4 3 1 1 - 3 3 10 7 3 - 5 5 12 10 - 3 3 5 '4~ 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 4 5 5 4 4 5 ----- 3 2 5 5 - 4 4 9 4 5 6 ~ _ _ _ ■ 4 4 23 10 13 13 6 6 g 13 13 11 11 - - _ - 4 4 - 56 52 6 6 33 33 5 5 6 5 ~ 6 ~ 6 4 10 10 17 5 12 12 _ 3 3 23 23 13 13 1 1 ' ' ' " " - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - ' ‘ 4 ~ - “ _ _ _ _ _ ” ~ “ ~ ~ 4 4 7 7 _ _ _ - - - 2 2 4 4 - - - 4 4 - - - - - - “ “ “ - - - - - " 2 P a in ters, m aintenance ________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing . ... . 73 44 29 2. 37 2. 57 2. 07 - P ip efitte rs, m aintenance Manufacturing 99 99 3. 02 3. 02 T ool and die m ak ers Manufacturing 69 69 3. 13 " i i r - - - 3 1 2 - 17 17 f2 17 16 2 2 _ _ ~ “ 4 4 6 6 - 6 2 4 _ _ " - 17 4 1 - - 1 - 15 12 _ 3 3 . 4 4 _ _ _ - - - . “ “ - “ 5 5 8 8 1 1 14 14 9 2 7 3 5 4 1 1 4 3 1 1 33 33 30 30 13 ...T3 36 30 6 7 6 1 1 15 15 50 50 22 22 18 18 - 2. 80 _ 3. 00 3. 50 over 6 5 1 1 1 “ 4 4 2 ----- 2 ■ 6 26 9 9 2 6 4 11 8 61 61 17 17 _ _ - - 3 22 22 15 15 - 15 7 8 5 4 1 10 9 1 8 7 1 _ - _ - - 3 3 - 16 4 15 1 7 7 7 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - “ “ - - 31 31 25 25 " - 11 11 17 9 8 8 25 10 15 15 3 - - - - 17 151 15 T 4 9 34 34 _ 20 20 _ T~ - 8 1 1 9 9 4 4 2 2 7 4 3 2 37 5 32 30 33 - - 33 25 160 160 28 40 40 59 — 55“ ' 3 2 - 1 1 2 2 77 77 34 34 - 3 3 " ■ . - ~ 30 30 13 13 . _ - - - - - - 4 1 3 14 13 1 1 1 - _ - 5 5 _ - 1 1 42 42 2 2 1 1 16 16 _ 1 1 4 4 3 3 21 21 8 8 3 3 2 2 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ - - - - 13 13 3 3 16 16 _ - 5 5 2 2 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 6 6 - - 1 1 - 15 15 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 _ - _ _ " ~ 33 33 _ “ 1 1 _ - 1 1 1 1 - 8 8 7 7 _ 160 . 8 8 . 3 .4 0 - 2 2 9 9 3. 30 8 g T~ ~ 3. 20 5 1 4 1 1 - 3. 10 3 3 - - 4 ----- i ~ 2. 90 7 7 E xcludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 5 at $ 3. 60 to $ 3. 70; and 1 at $ 3. 70 to $ 3. 80. A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 60. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 10 at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 60; 1 at $ 3. 70 to $ 3. 80; 2 at $ 3. 80 to $ 3. 90; and 2 at $ 4 . 10 to $ 4 . 20. T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 3. 60 to $ 3. 70. 2. 70 3 3 3 3 - 2. 60 4 4 4 4 2 2^ 2. 50 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ % $ $ $ 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0 3. 50 and 2 1 1 ~ - 2. 28 2. 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 - - 71 69 O ile r s _________________________________________________ Manufacturing ________________________________ - - 2. 90 2. 90 "l 127 127 - 3 " _ M illw rights _________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ - 2 .4 0 _ 7 7 7 7 4 4 33 33 4 4 . 6 27 27 10 Table A -5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Memphis, Tenn., January 1963) NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING ST RAIGH T-TIM E HOURLY EA RN IN G S OF— Occupation1 and industry division Number of workers $ $ Average $0.30 $0.4 0 $0.5 0 $0.60 $0.70 $0.80 $0.90 $1.00 1.10 $1.20 $ 1.30 1.40 $ 1.50 $ 1.60 $ 1.70 $ 1.80 $ 1.90 $ 2.0 0 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $ 2.3 0 $ 2.40 $ 2.50 $ 2.6 0 $ 2.80 $ 3.0 0 hourly earnings 2 and and under .80 .90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.1 0 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.6 0 2.8 0 3.00 over .70 .60 .50 .40 Elevator op erators, passenger (men) __________________________ _____ — Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 41 41 $ 0 .8 0 .80 - Elevator op erators, passenger (women) ___________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 111 111 .78 .78 30 30 Guards and watchmen __ ------- -------------Manufacturing ----- -------- ------------- — Guards _____ ________________________ Watchmen ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 316 156 71 85 160 1.52 1.80 2.49 1.22 1.24 Janitors, p orte rs, and clean ers (men) _______________________ _____________ Manufacturing _________________ ______ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilities 3 ___________________ 1, 027 418 609 75 1.37 1.58 1.21 1.67 Janitors, p orters, and clean ers (women) ___________________ _____________ Manufacturing _____________________ — Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilities 3 ___________________ 338 79 259 28 L ab ore rs, m aterial handling -----------------Manufacturing _______ _____ _____ — Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilities 3 ___________________ - - - 1 1 - - - 40 40 4 4 20 20 14 14 1 1 3 - 2 - 7 - 6 - 128 53 31 23 8 - - 3 2 7 6 53 75 23 8 13 _ 13 " 12 _ 12 24 _ 24 30 _ 30 8 8 132 _ 132 190 60 130 17 17 17 83 83 3 3 - - " " " “ “ “ 29 29 “ 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 . - _ - 12 12 " - - - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ - - - _ _ " 12 12 2 2 - - . - 8 - 8 - - 8 8 _ - 15 _ 15 - 1.05 1.41 .94 1.35 - 1, 697 1, 016 681 265 1.68 1.61 1.79 2.37 Order fille r s __ ____________ — _________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 817 119 698 1.65 1.83 1.62 P ackers, shipping (men) _________________ Manufacturing _______ _________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 391 108 283 1.89 2.0 5 1.83 _ - P ackers, shipping (women) --------- --------Manufacturing _______ __ -------------------- 120 117 1.39 1.40 Receiving clerk s ___________ _____________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 161 45 116 1.85 1.93 1.82 Shipping clerk s ______ ________________ __ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing __ _________________ 135 56 79 Shipping and receiving clerk s ___________ Manufacturing _________________ ______ 70 51 See footnotes at end of table, - 19 19 _ _ - - 1.98 2.22 1.82 _ _ 2.08 2.10 _ _ . - - - ~ - - _ _ - 8 12 10 4 6 2 1 1 193 117 76 26 10 16 7 20 9 11 “ 96 9 87 9 58 49 9 " 29 7 22 15 410 254 156 28 174 104 70 “ 5 5 2 2 6 4 1 3 2 8 7 7 1 1 1 25 25 _ _ - - 74 31 43 24 88 70 18 1 51 22 29 - 19 4 15 19 19 “ 1 1 1 40 22 18 16 18 11 7 5 31 28 3 1 2 1 1 1 " 2 2 3 3 “ 2 2 “ “ 4 1 3 3 ” 9 9 - “ ~ 87 77 10 115 37 78 193 183 10 “ ~ 95 80 15 2 34 2 32 " 92 69 23 1 " 10 3 7 “ 7 6 1 “ 82 36 46 27 49 29 20 19 _ - 4 4 4 - _ " 25 22 22 3 22 22 22 " 5 5 - 15 15 ■ 3 3 3 ~ - “ 1 1 - ~ " “ 99 45 54 54 28 28 18 67 67 - 2 2 ~ 5 5 - “ 133 17 116 116 79 79 7 6 l 2 2 16 4 16 ' - 121 14 107 76 22 54 37 8 29 239 6 233 49 29 20 25 25 48 6 42 37 37 18 3 15 18 18 5 5 39 8 31 1 1 - . _ - 1 1 33 12 21 23 11 12 19 3 16 94 26 68 24 10 14 8 2 6 54 4 50 7 7 14 14 _ - - 1 1 - - - 16 14 2 76 4 72 1 1 “ 20 5 20 - _ 3 - 56 56 28 28 2 2 " 3 3 28 28 15 2 13 32 13 19 12 2 10 11 2 9 25 7 18 14 4 10 9 9 11 6 5 3 3 4 1 3 1 1 - 13 5 8 1 1 - 2 2 2 1 1 10 5 2 3 14 14 2 2 2 2 - 1 8 7 3 1 3 1 . 2 - 3 1 - 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ - - “ - 11 11 11 - - - _ - - - - _ _ - 2 2 “ _ - - - - 3 - 1 _ - - 18 - - - 18 25 6 19 10 3 7 18 8 10 10 8 8 - 9 7 2 8 1 7 5 5 ■ - 1 - - - - 3 3 1 1 12 3 14 14 2 2 2 2 12 12 5 5 - 4 1 - “ “ - " 11 Table A-5. Custodial and Material M ovement Occupations— Continued (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Memphis, Tenn. , January 1963) NUM BER OF W ORKERS RE CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN INGS OF— Occupation 12 5 and industry d ivision 4 3 T r u c k d r iv e r s6 -------------------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------- T ru ck d rivers, light (under 1 V 2 tons) ---------------------------------------------Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ T ru ck d rivers, m edium ( 1 V 2 to and including 4 tons) -------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------- — *PiiKl f i 1i fLi lac g XHJ. D lli r> C n u.L.111 o ^ T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type) ---------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------U n K l i r n f i 1i t i a c ^ T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) -------------------------- T ru ck ers, power (forklift) ----------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ T ru ck ers, pow er (other than forklift) ______________________ ____________ __________ Manufacturing ------ ---------------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Number of workers 2, 001 466 1, 535 852 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ a $ $ % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S $ Average $ hourly , 0. 30 0. 40 0. 50 0. 60 0. 70 0. 80 0. 90 1 .0 0 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 *1. 40 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 80 3. 00 earnings and and under . 50 . 70 . 90 1. 00 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 1. 40 1. 50 1 .6 0 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 80 3. 00 over .4 0 .6 0 ■ 80 $2. 1. 2. 2. 15 63 30 86 312 48 264 1 .4 9 1 .4 5 1. 50 754 190 564 380 2. 1. 2. 2. 16 62 34 83 752 69 683 421 2. 1. 2. 2. 48 64 56 88 183 1. 86 596 362 234 137 1 . 82 1 .9 5 1 . 62 1 .4 3 125 122 2. 50 2. 53 - - - - “ - - - - - - " “ “ 12 12 12 12 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 32 216 29 187 140 68 72 52 39 13 136 7 129 16 16 21 18 3 278 210 68 33 27 6 17 17 4 3 1 - 9 4 5 2 1 1 - - 1 1 68 68 6 6 - ~ 5 2 3 12 12 16 16 41 41 7 7 17 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21 21 71 6 65 76 23 53 12 6 6 2 2 4 4 9 9 81 23 58 44 25 19 35 28 7 87 2 85 " 4 3 1 - 6 5 1 1 " l \ , - - - - - - - 2 64 20 20 - - - - - - - 2 64 - 5 5 - 47 5 42 - - 11 11 20 20 - - - - - - - - 158 - - - - - - - - - 40 19 21 13 152 46 106 103 - 54 28 26 - - 25 13 12 14 14 - - 31 31 - - 7 7 - ■- 24 24 - - 43 42 1 10 9 1 - - - - - - - - 1 - 2 2 11 9 - - - - - - - Data lim ited to m en w orkers except where otherw ise indicated. E xcludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s : 3 at $ 3. 40 to $ 3. 50; and 13 at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 60. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 6 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 . 3 0 ; and 14 at $ 3 .9 0 to $ 4 . Includes all d riv ers r eg a r d le ss of size and type of truck operated. - 12 - 12 7 7 4 4 56 56 50 68 16 52 105 7 98 800 800 800 1 1 - 3 3 25 25 49 16 16 - 49 49 “ - - - 330 - - - 330 330 8 4 4 6 421 - - - - - - 6 52 92 421 421 - - - - - 1 24 - 29 9 20 2 14 14 - 24 24 1 1 31 31 - 3 52 9 3 6 - 92 - 78 62 16 32 16 16 16 4 4 3 3 - 3 3 37 37 23 23 9 9 - Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A—Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine)—Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B—Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)—Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 13 14 C L E R K , A C C O U N T I N G -C o n t i n u e d payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. Class B—Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A—In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B —Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C—Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. C L E R K , ORDER Receives customers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 15 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Class yl—Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B—Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by die following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 16 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued Class C—Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A—Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B—Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A—Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B—Performs one or more of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 17 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in goodrepair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 18 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, iayout, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 19 M A C H I N I S T , M A I N T E N A N C E —C o n tin u e d M IL L W R I G H T properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and- experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacementpart by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties invQlve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of-mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 20 P I P E F I T T E R , M A I N T E N A N C E -C o n t i n u e d S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A I N T E N A N C E - C o n t i n u e d and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; g&ge maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. 21 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one 'or more of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Ship ping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 22 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under iy2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (l /l2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
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