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MEMPHIS, TENN. FEBRUARY 1955 BLS Bulletin No. 1172-9 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey MEMPHIS, TENN. February 1955 BuUetin No. 1172-9 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 20 cents IN T R O D U C T IO N ___________________________________________________________________ I TABLES: O ccu p a tion a l ea rn in gs * A - 1 O ffice o ccu p a tio n s ______________________________ A - 2 P r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l o ccu p a tion s _______ A - 3 M aintenance and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a t io n s _____ A - 4 C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t occu p a tion s B: E sta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry wage p r o v is io n s B - l Shift d iffe r e n tia l p r o v is io n s * ___________________________________ B - 2 M inim um en tra n ce ra te s fo r w om en o ffic e w o r k e rs ___________ B -3 F re q u e n cy o f w age p a y m e n t ________________________________ B - 4 S ch edu led w eek ly hou rs * _______________________________________ B - 5 P a id h olid a y p r o v is io n s * _______________________________________ B - 6 P a id v a ca tio n s * __________________________________________________ A P P E N D IX : Job d e s c r ip tio n s ______ _____________________________________________ *N O T E : S im ila r tabu lation s (a ls o c o v e r in g health, in s u ra n ce , and p en sion plans) a re a v a ila b le in the M em phis a re a r e p o r t s fo r N o v e m b e r 1951, January 1953, and January 1954. The 1954 r e p o r t a lso p ro v id e s tabu lation s o f w age stru ctu re c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts , and o v e rtim e pay p r o v i s io n s . A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date o f study and the p r ic e o f the r e p o r t s , as w e ll as r e p o r ts fo r oth er m a jo r a r e a s , is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t. Union s c a le s , in d ica tiv e o f p re v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a re a ls o a v a ila b le fo r the fo llo w in g tra d e s o r in d u strie s: B u ildin g c o n s tru c tio n , p rin tin g , lo c a l tra n sit op era tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o to r tr u c k d r iv e r s . ii vO A: co in Page 9 10 11 11 12 13 15 OCCUPATIONAL WAGE SURVEY TENN. * Data a r e sh ow n fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ire d to w o r k a fu ll-t im e sch e d u le fo r the giv en o ccu p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a tio n . E a rn in g s data e x clu d e p r e m iu m pay f o r o vertim e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . N on p rod u ction b o n u se s a r e a ls o e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s and in cen tive e a r n in g s a r e in c lu d e d . W h ere w e e k ly h o u rs a r e r e p o r te d , as fo r o ff ic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w ork sch ed u les (ro u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a lf-h o u r ) f o r w h ich s tr a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e p a id ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s fo r th ese o ccu p a tio n s have b e e n ro u n d ed to the n e a r e s t 50 c e n ts . Introduction The M e m p h is a r e a is on e o f s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n t e r s in w h ich the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s has co n d u c te d s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d w age b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . In e a c h a r e a , data a re ob ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u r e a u fie ld a gen ts to r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in 6 b r o a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g; tr a n s p o r ta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a il r o a d s ) , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s tr y g rou p s e x clu d e d f r o m th e se stu d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t in s titu tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s t r ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s w e r e a ls o o m itte d s in c e they fu r n is h in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r r a n t in c lu s io n . *1 W h e r e v e r p o s s ib l e , s e p a r a te tab u la tion s a r e p r o v id e d f o r the in d iv id u a l b r o a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s . O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e f e r to the total in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the stu dy and not to the n u m b er a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in occu p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e am on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f occu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m the sa m p le o f e sta b lish m e n ts stu died s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a te the r e la t iv e im p o r ta n c e o f the jo b s stu d ied . T h e s e d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a rn in g s d ata. T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e co n d u cte d on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rv e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts , and to e n s u r e p r o m p t p u b lic a tio n o f r e s u lts . T o ob ta in a p p r o p r ia t e a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r tio n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied . In c o m b in in g the d ata, h o w e v e r , a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re g iv e n th e ir a p p r o p r ia te w e ig h t. E s tim a te s a r e p r e s e n t e d t h e r e fo r e as re la tin g to a ll e s t a b lis h m en ts in the in d u s tr y g ro u p in g and a r e a , but not to th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e s tu d ie d . 2 E sta b lish m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s In fo r m a tio n is a ls o p r e s e n te d on s e le c t e d e sta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits as th ey r e la te to o ffic e and p lan t w o r k e r s . The t e r m , n o ff ic e w o r k e r s ” , as used in this b u lle tin in c lu d e s a ll o ff ic e c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s and e x clu d e s a d m in is tr a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l. "P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu d e w o rk in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu d in g le a d m e n and tr a in e e s ) en ga g ed in n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s . A d m in is t r a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te ch n ica l e m p lo y e e s , and f o r c e a cco u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s who a re u tiliz e d as a se p a r a te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s trie s but a re in clu d e d as plant w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tio n s and E a rn in g s O ccu p a tio n a l c la s s ifi c a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a cco u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u tie s w ith in the sa m e jo b (s e e A p p e n d ix f o r lis tin g o f th e se d e s c r ip t io n s ) . E a rn in g s data a re p r e s e n te d fo r the f o l lo w in g ty p e s o f o c c u p a tio n s : (a) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l; (c) m a in te n a n ce and p ow erp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t. S h ift-d iffe r e n t ia l data a r e lim it e d to m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . T h is in fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n te d b oth in te r m s o f (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o l i c y 3 and (b) e ffe c t iv e p r o v is io n s fo r w o r k e r s * T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u re a u 1s r e g io n a l o ff ic e in A tla n ta , G a. , b y B e r n a r d J. F a h r e s under the d ir e c t io n o f L o u is B . W o y ty c h , R e g io n a l W age and In d u stria l R e la tio n s A n a ly s t. 1 S ee fo llo w in g ta b le fo r m in im u m -s iz e e s ta b lis h m e n t c o v e r e d b y stu d y. 2 A n e x c e p t io n is m a d e in the tabu lation o f m in im u m e n tr a n c e r a te s f o r w o m e n o f f ic e w o r k e r s w h ich r e la t e s to p r o v is io n s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts a c tu a lly stu d ied . MEMPHIS, 3 A n e s ta b lis h m e n t was c o n s id e r e d as h avin g a p o lic y if it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d itio n s : ( l ) O p era ted late sh ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ift s . (1) 2 a ctu a lly e m p lo y e d on e x tr a sh ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . T abu lation s re la tin g to e s ta b lis h m e n t p o lic y a r e p r e s e n te d in te rm s o f tota l plant w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t; e s tim a te s in the s e c o n d tabu lation r e la t e on ly to th o se w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift. S u p p le m e n ta ry p r a c t i c e s , o th e r than m in im u m e n tra n ce ra tes fo r w o m e n o ff ic e w o r k e r s , and sh ift d iffe r e n t ia ls , a r e tre a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th e se a r e p r o v id e d to a ll w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o f f ic e s o r plan t d e p a rtm e n ts that o b s e r v e the p r a c t ic e in q u e s tio n . 4 B e c a u s e o f v a ry in g e lig ib ilit y r e 4 S ch ed u led w e e k ly h o u rs fo r o ff ic e w o r k e r s (f ir s t s e c tio n o f table B -4 ) a r e p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w o m e n o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o ff ic e s w ith the in d ica te d w e e k ly h o u rs fo r w om en w o r k e r s . q u ir e m e n ts , the p r o p o r tio n a c tu a lly r e c e iv i n g the s p e c if ic b e n e fit s m a y b e s m a lle r . M o r e o v e r , a p r a c t i c e w as c o n s id e r e d as a p p lic a b le to a ll o ff ic e o r plant w o r k e r s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t if it a p p lie d to a m a jo r ity o f su ch w o r k e r s . B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g , su m s o f in d ivid u a l ite m s in th ese ta b u la tion s do n o t n e c e s s a r i l y eq u a l to ta ls . The su m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s is lim it e d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , e x clu d in g in fo r m a l p lan s w h e r e b y tim e o f f w ith pay is gra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r o r the s u p e r v is o r . S ep a ra te e s tim a te s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com p u tin g v a ca tio n p a y m e n ts , s u ch as tim e p a y m e n ts, p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s , o r f l a t - s u m a m o u n ts. H o w e v e r , in the ta b u la tion s o f v a ca tio n a llo w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m en ts not on a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the e q u iv a le n t o f 1 w eek*s pay. E s t a b li s h m e n t s a n d W o r k e r s W ith in S c o p e o f S u r v e y a n d N u m b e r S t u d ie d in M e m p h i s , T e n n . , 1 b y M a jo r I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n , F e b r u a r y 1 95 5 M in im u m s i z e e s t a b l is h m e n t in s c o p e o f s tu d y 2 In d u stry d iv is io n N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s W ith in scope of stu d y W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s W ith in s c o p e o f s t u d y S t u d ie d S t u d ie d T o ta l3 O ffic e P la n t T o ta l3 _ 51 409 132 7 5 ,8 0 0 1 0 ,9 0 0 5 3 ,6 0 0 4 3 ,7 3 0 M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ________ _____ ______________________________ T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t i o n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s 4 __________ W h o l e s a le t r a d e __ __________________________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________________________________ F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ____________________ S e r v i c e s 51 5 _____________________________________________________ 4 3 2 51 51 157 252 50 82 3 7 ,0 0 0 3 8 ,8 0 0 3, 000 7 , 900 2 9 ,1 0 0 2 4 ,5 0 0 2 1 ,5 5 0 2 2 ,1 8 0 51 51 51 51 51 38 77 78 26 33 17 21 22 12 10 6 , 900 8, 300 1 3 ,3 0 0 3 ,7 0 0 6 , 600 894 * * * 4 , 421 * * ❖ * A ll d i v i s i o n s ___ _ ..................... * 5, 3, 8, 2, 3, 210 020 440 510 000 1 T h e M e m p h is M e t r o p o li t a n A r e a (S h e lb y C o u n ty ). T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in th is t a b le p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t im a t e s a r e n o t in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w ith o t h e r a r e a e m p l o y m e n t i n d i c e s to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( l ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b l is h m e n t d a t a c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y p e r i o d s t u d i e d , a n d (2) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 I n c lu d e s a l l e s t a b l is h m e n t s w ith t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m in im u m s i z e l im i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , f in a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , an d m o t i o n - p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d as o n e e s t a b l is h m e n t . 3 I n c lu d e s e x e c u t i v e , t e c h n i c a l , p r o f e s s i o n a l , an d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e o f f i c e an d p la n t c a t e g o r i e s . 4 A l s o e x c l u d e s t a x i c a b s , a n d s e r v i c e s in c id e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n i n c lu d e d in e a r l i e r s t u d i e s . 5 H o t e l s ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r s h o p s ; r a d i o b r o a d c a s t i n g a n d t e l e v i s i o n ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; a n d e n g i n e e r in g an d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . * T h is i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g " in the S e r i e s A a n d B t a b l e s , a lt h o u g h c o v e r a g e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t to j u s t i f y s e p a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n o f d a ta . A: Occupational Earnings Table A-1: Office Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s t u d ie d o n an a r e a b a s i s in M e m p h is , T e n n 0 , b y in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n , F e b r u a r y 19 5 5 ) Average S e x , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $ Weekly U nder 3 0 . 0 0 Weekly hours earnings and (Standard) (Standard) 3 0 .0 0 u nd er 3 2 .5 0 $ 3 2 .5 0 $ 3 5 .0 0 $ 3 7 .5 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 2 .5 0 l 4 5 .0 0 s $ $ 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 $ $ 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 % $ 6 2 .5 0 % 6 5 .0 0 $ s s $ 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 % 6 0 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 S 9 5 .0 0 and 5 7 .5 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 over 6 0 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 M en 152 63 89 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $ 7 9 .5 0 8 2 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 - - ~ " 88 73 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 1 .0 0 6 0 .5 0 - " - 110 91 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 3 .0 0 6 2 .0 0 - “ - 31 4 0 .0 6 9 .5 0 72 51 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 2 .5 0 4 2 .0 0 - 13 13 8 4 9 8 3 3 8 6 9 2 51 25 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 2 .0 0 7 0 .5 0 - - * - - - - 2 2 B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) M a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________ 76 37 39 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 9 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 _ _ _ 3 3 - - - - - - - - 3 3 6 4 2 B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ) _ . N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ___ 40 38 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 4 .5 0 4 4 .5 0 1 1 _ - 2 2 3 3 1 1 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A _________________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ____________ 68 26 42 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 0 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 6 0 .5 0 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B .... . _ _ . M a n u fa c tu r in g __ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________ 434 70 364 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 6 .5 0 5 3 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 _ " 3 3 5 2 3 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s A ___________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________ 206 67 139 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 6 0 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 - - - C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s A M a n u fa c tu r in g •____ _______________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r ing C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s B N o n m a n u fa c tu r ing __ C l e r k s , o r d e r __________________________________ ..... .......... __ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g C l e r k s , p a y r o ll O f f ic e b o y s N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s N o n m a n u fa c tu r ing ._ . __ _ ...... - _ 4 4 7 7 - 5 5 10 8 - 3 2 - 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 3 - - ~ - 1 1 1 - ~ 5 4 1 _ 2 2 17 3 14 3 2 1 6 3 3 13 5 8 10 7 3 25 14 11 8 2 6 17 8 9 34 *15 3 19 7 7 7 6 9 7 4 3 5 3 4 2 9 8 2 - - 3 3 4 4 1 1 9 6 12 10 8 8 11 10 17 17 9 7 13 8 1 - 11 7 " - 2 2 1 10 2 2 6 4 1 1 8 8 - " - - - - - 5 3 2 2 - - 5 4 9 4 9 3 7 3 1 1 4 4 1 1 2 2 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - " - - ■ - “ - - - “ 14 14 10 9 - - 8 7 - - 4 3 7 1 6 14 6 8 11 10 1 14 5 9 9 9 4 4 10 8 1 1 1 1 _ - 3 3 2 - 12 5 7 3 3 2 3 - 1 1 2 - - 1 1 2 - 4 4 _ - - ~ 7 7 _ 6 6 1 1 _ _ - - - 1 1 11 4 7 9 5 4 15 5 10 10 10 21 21 - " 1 1 W om en S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e . - - - ~ “ 8 2 6 30 30 44 44 58 10 48 66 7 59 93 2 91 50 8 42 10 5 5 12 2 10 16 5 11 5 5 4 4 2 6 - - 6 2 1 1 20 8 12 21 5 16 13 2 11 18 2 16 13 6 7 2 - - ~ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 8 8 - 7 7 4 4 _ - _ - - “ - 7 6 1 4 3 1 _ - _ - - - 1 1 5 5 _ - " - 17 4 13 26 8 18 25 12 13 10 9 1 4 1 1 3 3 - 1 1 - - - 4 O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , M e m p h is , T en n . , F e b r u a r y 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s Table A-l: Office O ccupations - Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s i s in M e m p h is , T e n n . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , F e b r u a r y 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— A verage Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers $ $ U n der 3 0 .0 0 3 2 .5 0 Weekly Weekly hours earnings $ (Standard) (Standard) 3 0 .0 0 u n d e r 3 2 .5 0 3 5 .0 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ % l s $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 3 5 .0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 and “ “ “ “ " “ ~ ■ " ~ “ “ " 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 over Women - Continued 588 87 501 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 $ 4 7 .5 0 5 3 .0 0 4 6 .5 0 C lerk s, file , cla ss A Manufacturing ___ Nonmanufactur ing 63 27 36 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 7 .0 0 4 6 .5 0 4 7 .5 0 C lerk s, file , cla ss B M a n u factu rin g___ Nonmanufacturing 298 38 260 4 0 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 C le rk s, ord er ______ M a n u fa ctu rin g___ Nonmanufactur ing 100 48 52 C lerk s, p ayroll _____ M a n u fa ctu rin g___ Nonmanufactur ing C om ptom eter op era tors __________________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ C le rk s, accounting, cla s s B __ Manufacturing _______________ Nonmanufacturing ___________ 6 6 4 _ 4 4 _ 4 19 19 60 _ 60 84 7 77 61 10 51 99 99 45 10 35 49 21 28 20 5 15 56 14 42 21 7 14 37 4 33 9 3 6 4 3 1 6 2 4 _ _ _ 4 4 1 _ 1 9 2 7 1 _ 1 3 2 1 4 _ 4 1 _ 1 2 2 - _ - 5 _ 5 _ - 5 4 1 2 2 - 24 10 14 . - 2 1 1 - - - 3 9 .0 0 4 3 .5 0 3 8 .5 0 12 _ 12 31 66 4 62 55 15 _ 15 17 6 11 15 8 11 3 7 1 7 23 _ 23 8 1 _ 1 1 _ 1 3 _ 3 2 8 47 37 5 32 - 1 1 - 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 9 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 4 9 .0 0 9 _ _ _ 8 - 1 1? 6 12 6 1 5 14 5 9 12 11 1 7 1 1 1 - 5 _ 5 4 4 - 14 4 10 8 _ - ~ “ 7 _ 7 - 202 105 97 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 5 3 .0 0 5 5 .5 0 5 0 .5 0 1 _ 1 4 _ 4 _ 18 12 6 20 12 12 4 7 7 8 8 8 23 16 7 _ 8 9 2 7 34 26 2 9 _ 9 17 9 - 11 11 8 270 71 199 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 8 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 _ 9 _ 9 14 _ 14 22 _ 22 12 _ 12 38 12 26 16 6 10 20 2 18 24 7 17 34 2 32 26 9 17 17 5 12 7 6 1 K ey-punch op era tors Manufacturing ___ Nonmanufactur ing 94 39 55 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 0 .5 0 5 3 .0 0 4 8 .5 0 4 _ 4 2 _ 2 2 2 3 2 1 4 _ 4 11 6 5 12 4 - 6 4 2 13 4 9 1 7 3 1 2 . O ffice g ir ls _________ Nonm anufacturing 99 79 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 0 3 9 .5 0 1 1 15 15 7 3 24 22 19 13 16 16 4 2 8 7 2 - - 2 - S e cre ta rie s ___________ M anufacturing ____ N onm anufacturing . P ublic u tilities* 530 149 381 34 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 0 .5 0 6 4 .5 0 5 8 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 10 17 6 - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ 10 17 6 - - - - " - 36 4 32 5 41 12 29 1 45 9 36 1 31 - Stenographers, gen eral M a n u fa ctu rin g______ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g__ 602 246 356 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 1 .5 0 5 4 .5 0 4 9 .0 0 4 3 17 19 - - - - - " 4 3 17 19 36 14 22 54 18 36 67 15 52 70 28 42 Switchboard op era tors Nonm anufacturing 113 102 4 2 .0 4 2 .5 4 0 .0 0 3 8 .5 0 13 4 13 11 11 18 18 5 5 10 15 15 12 12 9 7 4 3 - _ 31 S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . ♦ T r a n s p o r ta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i li t ie s . 8 3 1 8 8 - 7 7 2 1 1 1 1 - _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - " 1 _ 1 1 1 - - 3 3 - 14 10 4 - 6 2 4 4 3 1 7 7 11 3 1 1 7 7 _ 1 1 _ _ - 8 - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 15 6 9 8 8 8 5 3 2 _ 2 1 1 - 1 - - “ - - - 55 17 38 2 52 18 34 44 9 35 - 29 4 25 1 26 15 11 1 43 23 20 10 15 23 2 56 14 42 3 85 32 53 60 32 28 33 17 16 34 14 20 56 30 26 23 19 4 29 18 11 5 5 2 1 1 4 2 2 4 4 3 2 2 3 _ - - 4 4 8 _ 2 _ 2 - 8 1 _ 1 _ 5 8 1 8 7 _ 1 1 ' _ 1 8 _ 1 7 - - 1 1 _ _ - - - - 1 1 5 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s i s in M e m p h is , T e n n . , b y in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n , " F e b r u a r y 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Avekaqe S ex, oc cu p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers 6 s $ * $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly U nder 3 0 . 00 3 2 . 50 3 5 . 00 3 7 . 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 . 00 5 2 . 50 5 5 . 00 5 7 . 50 6 0 . 00 6 2 . 50 6 5 . 00 Weekly earnings hours and (Standard! (Standard) $ u nd er 3 0 . 0 0 3 2 . 50 3 5 . 00 3 7 . 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 5 0 . 00 5 2 . 50 5 5 . 00 5 7 . 50 6 0 . 00 6 2 . 50 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 s * $ s $ $ 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 and 75, . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 o v e r 70, . 00 W o m e n - C o n tin u e d M a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________ 172 76 96 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $ 4 8 .0 0 5 1 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 T r a n s c r i b i n g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s M a n u fa c tu r in g _ _ _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________ 154 58 96 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 7 .5 0 4 7 .5 0 4 7 .5 0 T y p is ts , c la s s A M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 222 50 172 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 8 .0 0 4 7 .0 0 4 8 .5 0 50 3 115 38 8 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 0 4 2 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ____ _ .... . ............. _ T y p i s t s , c l a s s B _________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________ 1 H ou rs r e fle c t 2 W ork ers w ere 3 W ork ers w ere 4 W ork ers w ere _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 6 20 - - - 9 9 6 - - - - - ' 20 4 16 _ _ 9 2 20 32 6 26 11 8 3 18 8 10 15 5 10 24 18 6 9 9 8 2 6 13 10 3 14 2 12 20 9 11 10 10 - 32 4 28 37 21 16 16 I 15 24 4 20 18 6 12 113 36 77 35 5 30 48 15 33 27 12 15 - - - - - - 9 2 16 2 14 3 31 49 95 29 66 62 5 57 - 3 - - 31 49 12 8 4 11 5 6 6 — 5— - 3 2 2 12 - 3 2 1 - 12 8 4 4 29 9 20 31 18 - - 1 1 _ _ 18 7 2 5 1 1 31 11 2 9 - - - 10 4 6 14 6 3 5 1 4 _ 1 _ 1 . - 8 - - 6 6 3 - 3 - - 4 3 1 - _ - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 _ 1 - 1 _ 1 _ _ - - - _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ - - - - _ _ - 2 1 1 - - - _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ ' _ 1 the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t i m e s a l a r ie s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 4 at $95 to $ 1 0 0 ; 9 at $10 0 to $ 1 0 5 ; 2 at $ 1 0 5 to $ 1 1 0 . d is t r ib u t e d a s f o ll o w s : 7 at $ 100 to $ 105; 7 at $ 105 to $ 110; 5 at $ 1 1 0 to $ 1 1 5 . a ll at $ 2 7 .5 0 t o $ 3 0 . Table A-2*- Professional and Technical Occupations ( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s i s in M e m p h is , T e n n ., b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , F e b r u a r y 1955) A ve r a ge Sex, occu p ation , and in d u stry d iv ision Nu mb e r of workers Weekly hours (Standard) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T - T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N I N G S OF Weekly U nder earnings (Standard) $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 and under $ 50 .0 0 $ $ $ $ 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 60.00 6Q . , Q Q 6 2 .5 0 $ $ $ $ $ 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 l 8 5 .0 0 $ 9 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 s $ s 9 5 .0 0 100.00 1 0 5 . 0 0 110.00 1 1 5 . 0 0 120.00 $ $ 100.00 105.00 110.00 1 1 5 . 0 0 120.00 1 2 5 . 0 0 “ 5 Q . Q H - 5 2 _ , ^ L 5 1 , Q-Q- . 5 1 , 5 1 L $ " “ M en $ D ra ftsm en , sen ior ___________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g D ra ftsm en , _ j u n i o r ______________ _ ____________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ___ . _ . _ _ _ 7 _ _ _ _ 2 2 71 4 0 .0 9 1 .0 0 66 4 0 .0 9 2 .5 0 _ 64 4 0 .0 6 4 .5 0 7 4 0 .0 66.00 2 55 _ 33 4 0 .0 27 4 0 .0 _ _ 1 1 - 4 - 2 4 _ _ - 8 10 8 13 4 2 5 4 5 11 3 i 5 4 5 8 1 1 _ 4 10 4 3 4 2 3 9 4 2 3 16 7 15 15 7 14 10 10 6 6 4 4 4 4 _ _ . _ 1 1 1 1 3 _ 3 _ 1 1 _ . W om en N u rse s, in d u strial M a n u fa c t u r in g ( r e g i s t e r e d ) --------------------- _____________________________________ 68.00 69.00 i _ 3 1 H o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t i m e s a l a r ie s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , M e m p h is , T e n n ., F e b r u a r y 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a tis tic s 6 Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations ( A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s i s in M e m p h is , T e n n . , b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , F e b r u a r y 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers Average hourly earnings $ U n der 0. 80 0. 85 and $ 3. 80 u n d er . 85 . 90 C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n c e _________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ 118 54 64 $ 1. 84 1. 72 1 .9 4 E l e c t r ic i a n s , m a in te n a n c e _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ 146 130 2. 12 2. 17 _ E n g in e e r s , s ta tio n a r y ____________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g __________ _______________ N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g _ _ . 119 66 53 1 .9 4 1 .9 6 1. 92 _ - _ 1 0. 90 $ 0. 95 $ 1. 00 $ 1. 05 $ 1. 10 $ 1. 15 $ 1. 20 $ 1. 25 $ $ $ 1. 30 1. 35 1. 40 . 95 1. 00 1. 05 1. 10 1. 15 1. 20 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1 .4 0 % $ $ $ 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 $ $ $ $ $ 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 7. 10 7. 7.0 30 7. 40 nve r 3 3 11 3 8 2 2 - 6 4 2 6 1 5 7 6 1 2 2 5 5 “ 7 3 4 9 7 2 25 2 23 6 1 5 4 2 9 8 72 72 2 1 17 *1 5 8 5 3 2 2 - 21 19 2 2 2 22 5 3 17 4 4 1 1 _ - 3 3 and 1 .4 5 " 1 - 6 “ “ 1 - 2 2 " 15 14 1 4 4 ~ “ _ _ _ 3 1 _ _ _ . _ 2 2 3 2 _ _ - - 2 2 3 2 4 3 12 10 12 11 3 3 - 4 4 _ - _ - _ - 7 7 13 8 5 4 4 " 13 13 - 5 5 _ _ - - 6 1 . $ % $ $ / 1. 45 1. 50 1. 55 1. 60 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - 4 4 2 2 - 5 5 5 5 - _ _ _ _ 4 4 - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - 2 - 14 1 - F ir e m e n , s ta tio n a r y b o i l e r ______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ 155 142 1. 14 1. 14 - ~ 9 9 28 27 57 52 1 - 15 14 - " - - 3 - 21 20 5 5 2 2 H e lp e r s , t r a d e s , m a in te n a n c e __________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ P u b lic u tilit ie s * _ 228 134 94 1. 19 1. 20 1. 17 1 1 9 1 8 - 17 14 3 - 22 21 25 14 8 5 13 10 21 12 35 34 8 4 8 2 10 9 1 1 11 6 3 1 3 1 9 1 1 4 1.43 12 5 7 - 12 2 10 31 11 . 11 - 6 6 - M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m ______ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ 71 65 2. 04 2. 07 M a c h in is t s , m a in te n a n c e _________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ 171 167 2. 09 2. 09 M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e ( m a in t e n a n c e )__ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ____________________ 311 48 263 184 1. 70 1 .6 6 1. 71 1. 75 M e c h a n ic s , m a in te n a n c e _________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________________ 466 417 49 1. 89 1.93 1. 56 M illw r ig h ts _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________ 212 212 1.95 1 .95 O il e r s _______________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________ 74 70 1 .6 8 1. 74 P a in t e r s , m a in te n a n c e _______________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________ 115 64 51 1. 80 1. 85 1. 74 P i p e f it t e r s , m a in te n a n c e _________________ M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________ 122 122 2. 12 2. 12 T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ______________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ___ ______________________ 49 49 2, 17 2. 17 _ _ - - _ - _ ■- - . - - _ - . - - - 2 - _ - “ _ - _ 4 _ - - - . - - - * 4 6 2 4 _ - “ 4 4 * 4 13 2 11 4 4 _ - - 4 ■ - 4 - _ - 4 4 _ - - - - - - 4 4 3 3 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ 1 4 _ _ “ 3 “ 1 4 ~ _ “ ” - _ “ “ _ - - - - - - - - - 1 Excludes p r e m i u m p a y fo r ov e rtim e a n d fo r w ork on w eeken ds, h olid a ys, and late sh ifts. 2 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 7 at $ 2 .4 0 to $ 2. 50; 8 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2. 60. as fo llo w s: 6 at $ 2. 50 to $ 2 . 60; 10 at $ 2 . 60 to $ 2 . 70; 1 at $ 3. 10 to $3. 20. r a ilr o a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilities. Digitized for s FRASER W orkers w ere distrib u ted * T ransportation (excluding _ - - - - ' - 15 10 5 1 _ _ - - 1 1 * _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 13 " - - - - - - 7 1 5 5 4 4 6 6 7 7 21 21 18 18 2 2 _ 3 2 3 3 5 5 4 4 2 2 10 10 19 16 21 21 “ 16 16 73 73 8 8 7 7 18 18 4 14 8 46 12 34 22 11 15 1 14 13 26 5 21 13 57 1 56 42 56 3 53 52 13 3 10 8 4 2 2 1 8 3 5 3 2 1 - _ - 10 10 " 14 14 - 18 15 - 11 10 16 10 6 6 6 ~ 17 14 3 41 31 10 36 32 4 15 11 4 65 58 7 17 13 4 8 8 - 86 86 ■ 7 7 - 128 125 3 _ - 11 11 12 12 17 17 _ _ " 7 7 10 10 16 16 48 48 4 4 9 9 58 58 6 6 - 2 2 - 1 1 4 4 2 2 19 19 3 3 2 2 19 19 5 3 2 9 2 7 9 1 8 18 17 1 7 7 12 12 3 3 ' ' 7 7 - 3 1 2 2 2 . _ . - - - 2 2 8 8 5 5 j 1 5 5 _ . - - _ _ - ' 1 1 ' - 32_ ___2 _ 32 2 9 9 10 10 - 1 _ _ 1 - - 8 8 ~ 15 15 6 3 3 2 2 59 59 1 1 9 9 3 3 15 15 11 11 - _ O ccup ation al W age S urvey, M em p his, T e n n ., F e b ru a ry 1955 U .S . DE P A RT M EN T OF LA BO R B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistics Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations ( A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s 2 s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s i s in M e m p h is , T erm . , b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , F e b r u a r y 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation and ind u stry d iv isio n Guards ---------------------------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ---------------------------------------------------J a n ito r s, p o r t e r s , and c le a n e rs (m en) --------------------------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------N onm anufacturing -------------------------------- J a n ito rs, p o r t e r s , and cle a n e rs (wom en) --------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ---------------------------------------N onm anufacturing -------------------------------- Number of workers Average hourly earnings $ 1 .56 1 .60 159 135 1.00 1 . 18 1.339 623 716 97 .8 4 .9 9 452 104^ 348 65 ?>. 70 8. 70 . 75 . and 1 .6 0 under .65 “ - - 100 24 24 26 26 30 30 - 3 100 131 - .68 4 131 26 26 3 3 8 - 8 94 3 .2 1 6 1, 730 1 ,486 512 O rd er fille r s ---------------------------------------------M anufacturing ------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------- 674 153 521 1 .1 6 P a c k e r s , shipping ( m e n ) --------------------------M anufacturing ------------------------------------N onm anufacturing -------------------------------- 439 235 204 1. 13 1 .1 6 60 .9 5 R e ce iv in g cle r k s ------------------------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------- 192 126 1.51 1 .7 4 1.39 Shipping c le r k s ----------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g --------------------------------- 234 109 125 1.49 1 .47 1.51 Shipping and re c e iv in g c le r k s -----------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------— ---------N onm anufacturing ---------------------------------------- 136 1.59 1.59 1.60 T r u c k d r iv e r s , light (under l 1^ * 0118) -----M anufacturing ---------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------->- 233 34 199 1 .1 4 1.19 1 .1 0 1.2 0 66 86 50 _ $ 1.00 1.05 1 .1 0 1. 15 1.2 0 1 10 80 - 167 32 135 132 45 87 . 85 .9 0 .9 5 - 1 1 1 1 71 167 125 42 119 20 99 25 47 22 25 3 21 12 59 6 12 5 - 1 12 13 6 2 37 33 4 48 35 13 3 9 13 1 1 2 7 1 1 4 1 1 6 2 7 4 4 3 3 3 5 4 1 1 10 - - 3 1 123 29 15 14 55 26 16 10 20 6 57 2 “ - 1 1 " 2 - _ _ _ _ _ - - - “ - - - - “ 3 102 - - 4 16 4 1 22 2 10 21 5 - 21 5 17 4 13 9 9 53 4 49 41 9 2 1 8 9 1 " 1 6 6 2 2 - 39 8 8 16 12 16 - 1 9 17 17 39 39 9 4 5 28 28 14 2 12 12 10 5 7 3 7 16 16 " 21 4 3 1 1 - 6 $ $ $ 1.90 2.00 2 . 10 20 18 7 13 16 18 15 3 3 38 6 2 3 26 1 - 2 26 4 4 - 2 8 4 4 7 10 10 " - _ _ _ _ _ > _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 79 78 _ 1 1 1 1 - - 4 _ 4 - _ 10 10 42 42 - 64 63 1 _ _ _ 23 23 _ _ 10 10 _ _ _ 75 37 38 - 283 78 205 205 80 80 _ - 42 14 28 54 54 3 3 " 26 19 7 10 10 23 _ 23 2 2 1 3 - 3 - - - 6 - 10 3 7 10 1 9 2 4 4 ■ 24 18 2 39 13 26 27 27 “ 6 - 35 7 28 4 4 7 7 - 26 26 - 1 1 - 19 9 15 7 5 5 2 10 13 3 2 8 10 2 2 2 6 5 5 5 1 22 12 10 10 10 “ “ 6 20 - 6 2 4 4 - 30 10 8 2 2 8 - 2 4 4 3 3 - - 9 2 2 . 10 over 18 18 - 2 1 13 5 3 9 - 1.90 2.00 6 - 6 3 3 4 - 107 70 37 - 25 13 - 30 16 14 “ 1 58 36 3 7 - 60 40 2 2 5 4 76 32 44 32 11 21 2 2 36 15 48 4 44 10 - 4 - 21 129 6 - - 9 251 149 10 - 58 41 17 4 169 119 50 - 14 4 - - - 77 38 39 153 56 97 - 10 - - 2 2 170 149 388 140 248 45 - - 30 30 - 183 148 35 - 17 22 2 20 1. 70 1.80 19 17 240 188 52 - 15 15 9 9 - 1 1 .6 0 18 15 2 2 - 11 30 20 10 1 .5 0 8 8 3 3 22 2 20 20 22 17 5 1.45 2 1 1 36 1 .40 7 5 - - 10 1 .35 1 - - 1 .3 0 61 60 21 3 316 233 83 64 22 67 35 23 119 15 104 80 449 154 295 117 57 102 53 7 46 - 4 1 55 18 37 13 - 6 5 63 36 27 4 - 2 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 .3 0 1.35 1 .4 0 $1.45 1 .5 0 1 .60 1. 70 1.80 - 6 ~ 1 .2 5 3 3 - - 5 12 67 36 31 1 .2 5 1 9 - 12 See footn otes at end of table * T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other p u b lic u tilitie s. 1 .1 0 12 1.20 .9 3 1 .13 .90 $ 1 .0 5 2 1.15 1.10 i.oo 2 - $ $ 1 .1 5 1.2 0 75 8. 80 8 . 85 8.90 8 .9 5 and . - . 74 .9 3 L a b o r e r s , m a te ria l handling ----------------------------------------------------M anufacturing N onm anufacturing --------------------------------P u b lic u tilitie s* — -------------------------- P a c k e r s , shipping (w om en) --------------------- 8 . 60 8 . 65 Undei 9 3 “ 1 1 - - 1 1 - 6 10 9 2 26 16 10 6 3 10 4 4 2 2 9 - ■ 8 1 - - - ! 1 4 O ccupational Wage S urvey, M em phis, T e n n ., F eb ru a ry 1955 U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau o f L abor Statistics 8 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (A vera g e hou rly e a rn in g s1 f o r s e le c te d occu p a tio n s23 5 studied on an area b asis 4 in M em phis, Tenn. , by industry d iv isio n , F e b ru a ry 1955) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry d iv ision Number of workers $ $ $ $ $ $ Average Under 0. 60 0 .6 5 0. 70 0. 75 0. 80 0 .8 5 hourly earnings $ and ). 60 under .8 5 .6 5 . 75 . 80 . 70 .9 0 T ru ck d riv e rs, m edium ( 1V2 to and including 4 ton s)________________________ M anu factu ring________________________ N onm anufacturing-----------------------------Public utilities * __________________ 941 212 729 287 $ 1.33 1. 29 1. 34 1 .69 T ru ck d riv e rs, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) ___________________________ M anu factu ring________________________ N onm anufacturing___________________ 180 72 108 L oo ! . 05 1 .1 0 1 .1 5 1 .2 0 1 .2 5 1 .3 0 L35 \.4Q s $ $ $ $ $ 1 .45 i . . 50 $1 . 60 1. 70 1 .8 0 1 .90 2 .0 0 2. 10 and -,-35 1 .0 0 1 .0 5 1 .1 0 1.15 1.20 1.25 1 .3 0 1.35 1 .4 0 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1,. 60 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 4 4 " 2 2 " 3 3 7 4 3 - 7 7 5 15 15 " 125 15 110 40 4 36 116 14 102 ■ 88 32 56 ** 25 10 15 32 20 12 " 23 23 ~ 6 6 " 1 1 " 7 5 2 “ 3 3 " 16 2 14 2 9 9 " 83 59 24 3 316 316 274 4 4 " 3 1 2 2 6 6 1 * 1 .4 8 1 .4 5 1. 50 - " - “ “ - ~ “ ” 17 2 15 - 2 2 “ 12 12 8 8 - 2 2 ” 20 20 " 2 2 " 23 2 21 21 21 " 45 (> 39 5 2 3 7 7 " 15 15 1 - . " _ ■ . t 12 M 9 23 23 71 71 61 19 42 27 12 15 10 7 3 28 28 " 29 27 2 33 32 1 9 1 8 24 23 1 11 11 ~ 6 6 2 2 • 24 22 2 32 20 12 57 57 - 23 23 - 4 4 ~ 52 31 21 17 61 35 26 14 19 8 11 1 36 26 10 _ 14 12 2 4 4 4 1 3 13 13 - 4 4 - 9 9 - . . . - - - - - - - - - - - T ru ck e rs , pow er (forklift) _____________ M anu factu ring________________________ N onm anufacturing_________ ________ 486 297 189 1. 32 1.49 1. 06 Watchmen _______________________________ M anu factu ring________________________ N onm anufacturing-----------------------------Public utilities * __________________ 345 192 153 53 .9 3 1. 03 . 81 . 84 21 _ - - - 7 8 5 21 . ” “ 7 8 - - 55 18 37 21 - ~ 21 14 7 - - - - 14 14 - . - - E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r ov ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holid a ys, and late sh ifts. Data lim ited to m en w ork ers excep t w here oth erw ise indicated. W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 59 at $ 0 . 40 to $ 0 . 45; 20 at $ 0 . 45 to $0. 50;16 at $0. 50 to $ 0 . 55; 5at $ 0 . 55 to $ 0. 60. W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llo w s: 12 at $ 0 . 25 to $ 0. 30; 8 at $0. 30 to $ 0 . 35; 50 at $0. 40 to $ 0 . 45;9 at$ 0. 45 to $0. 50; 33 at $0. 50 to $ 0. 55; 19 at $ 0 . 55 to $ 0 . 60. W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 9 at $ 0 .4 5 to $ 0 .5 0 ; 8 at $ 0 .5 0 to $ 0 .5 5 ; 4 at $ 0 .5 5 to $ 0 .6 0 . T ransportation (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilities. 2 . 10 o v e r “ . - 1 2 3 4 5 * $ 0 .9 5 0 .9 0 3 3 - 1 _ B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions' P e rce n t o f m anufacturing plant w orkers- Shift differen tial (a) In establisnm ents having fo rm a l p ro v is io n s fo r— Second shift w ork T o t a l ................................... ........................................... ......................... 68. 5 T hird or other shift w ork (b) A ctu a lly w ording on— Second shift T hird o r other shift 6 1 .6 11. 6 6. 0 With shift pay d ifferential __________________________________ 5 8 .4 5 4 .4 10.4 5. 1 U niform cents (per hour) __________________________ _____ 42. 6 39. 7 8. 3 4. 7 12. 3. 15. 1. 2. 11.0 3. . 2. . 2. 4 3 cents ________________________________________________ 4 cents _________________________________________________ 5 cents ________________ ________________________________ 6 cents ___ __ -------------------------------------------------------------7 cents -------------------------------------------------------------------------8 cents _______________________ ________________________ 9 cents ___________________ ________________________ _ 10 cents _______________________________________________ 11 c e n t s -------- -------------------------------- ------- ---------------12 c e n t s ------------------- --------------------------------------------------Over 12 cents _________________________________________ 3 6 4 3 6 - 11.6 2 .2 - 7 3 3 3 . - .7 1 . . 1 A 1. 3 - - 1. 8 1.4 2. 5 7. 0 1. 2 1.0 1. 8 1. 1 A U niform percen tage _______________________________________________________ 14. 3 13. 2 2. 1 5 p ercen t _________________________________________________________________ 6 p ercen t _____________________________ ________________________________ 7l/z p ercen t _ --------------------------- __ _________________ _____ 10 p ercen t _________________________________________________________________ 5. 8 1. 2 - 2. 5 3. 1 - _ 7. 3 1 .2 4. 7 7. 3 _________________________________ 1. 5 1. 5 No shift pay d ifferential ------------------------------------------------------- 10. 1 7. 2 Full d ay's pay for reduced hours - 1 .5 .4 _ . 1 . 2 1. 8 . 4 1. 2 .9 1 Shift differential data a re p resen ted in te rm s o f (a) establishm ent p o lic y , and (b) w o rk e rs actually em p loyed on late shifts at the tim e of the su rvey. An establishm ent was co n sid e re d as having a p o lic y if it m et eith er o f the follow ing con di tons: (1) Operated late shifts at the tim e o f the su rv e y, or (2) had fo rm a l p ro v is io n s co v e rin g late shifts. A L ess than 0. 05 p ercen t. O ccupational Wage Survey, M em p h is, Tenn. , F eb ru a ry 1955 U. S. DE PA RTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau o f L abor Statistics 10 1 Table B-2: Minim um Entrance Rates for W o m e n Office W o rk e rs N um ber o f establishm ents with s p e c ifie d m inim um h iring rate in— M anufacturing M inim um rate (weekly sala ry ) A ll schedules E stablishm ents s tu d ie d __________________ 132 N onmanufa c tu r ing B ased on standard w eekly hours 2 o f A ll industries 50 40 XXX f o r i n :E XPERIENCED E stablishm ents having a s p e c ifie d m inimum ___ ______________________________ $ 2 5 .0 0 $ 2 7 .5 0 $ 3 0 .0 0 $ 3 2 .5 0 $35. 00 $ 3 7 .5 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 2 .5 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 and and and and and and and and and and and and under under under under under under under under under under under over 57 21 _ 82 , B ased on standard w eek ly hou rs 2 o f A ll industries A ll schedules 40 XXX 132 TYPISTS 50 40 A ll sch ed u les XXX 82 36 29 63 24 1 2 8 5 4 3 7 1 2 1 1 2 7 4 4 3 3 1 3 10 9 7 6 13 1 5 4 2 2 _ _ _ 3 3 1 - 3 2 1 - - - 3 2 , 1 - 3 2 E stablishm ents having no sp e c ifie d m inim um ----------------- __ ------- --------------- 21 E stablishm ents w hich did not em ploy w ork ers in this c a t e g o r y ________:_________ 53 - - 2 1 2 1 9 2 1 2 1 9 40 XXX FOIt OTHER INEXP ERIEN CED C L ERIC A L WOR1XERS _ 1 2 10 6 6 4 16 1 5 3 1 2 1 A ll schedules N onm anufacturing M anufacturing 20 $ 2 7 .5 0 ______________ $ 3 0 .0 0 ______________ $ 3 2 .5 0 ______________ $ 3 5 .0 0 ______________ $37. 50 ___ __ ______ $ 4 0 .0 0 ______________ $ 4 2 .5 0 ______________ $ 4 5 .0 0 _____________ $ 4 7 .5 0 ______________ $ 5 0 .0 0 ______________ $ 5 2 .5 0 ______________ ____ __ __ _______ _ Data not a v a ila b le .__________________ ______ Num ber o f establishm ents with s p e c ifie d m in im u m hiring rate in— - 2 1 23 _ _ 2 3 2 1 9 2 3 2 1 9 39 33 1 3 8 6 5 5 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 8 5 5 4 2 _ 2 1 1 2 - - - - 2 2 7 XXX 14 XXX 27 9 XXX 18 XXX 22 XXX 31 XXX 41 17 XXX 24 XXX XXX 1 XXX XXX 1 XXX 1 * L ow est sa la ry rate fo rm a lly esta b lish ed fo r hirin g in ex p erien ced w o rk e rs fo r typing o r other c l e r ic a l jo b s . Hours re fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em p loy ees re c e iv e their reg u la r stra igh t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data a re p resen ted fo r all w orkweeks com bin ed , and fo r the m o st co m m o n w orkw eek re p o rte d . O ccupational W age S u rv ey, M em p his, Tenn. , F e b ru a ry 1955 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA BO R B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistics 11 Table B-3: Frequency of W a g e Payment P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — F req u en cy o f paym ent A ll industries* M an u factu rin g Pu blio utilities * A ll industries 1 2 M an u factu rin g P ublic utilities * A ll w o r k e rs ----------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 W eekly __________________________________________ B iw e e k ly ---------------------------- --------------------------------S e m im o n th ly ______________ _____________________ M o n th ly ___ ______________________________________ 36 25 38 A 58 10 30 A 50 45 5 89 6 99 A 5 - 57 22 21 1 2 A * Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e; reta il trade; finance, in su ra n ce , and re a l esta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely. Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e , retail tra d e, rea l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely. L e s s than 2. 5 p e rce n t. T ra n sp orta tion (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. Table B-4: Scheduled W eekly Hours P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O RKERS^ E M P L O Y E D IN — P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — W e e k ly h o u r s A ll industries 2 A ll w o rk e rs — __ ______________________ __________________ 3 7 V a h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 7 l/ 2 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s _ ---------------------- --------------4 0 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s _____ — _________ 4 4 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 4 1/ * h o u r s ____________________ ______ _____________________ 4 5 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 5 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s ----------------------------------------------------------4 8 h o u r 8 ________________________________________________________ O v e r 4 8 h o u r s _________________________________________________ 1 2 3 A * 100 6 3 76 4 6 A A A A M anufacturing 100 A - 91 6 Pu b lic utilities * 100 A ll industries 3 100 61 A - - 20 62 A - 3 3 - - - A 4 - - - M anufacturing 100 Public utilities * 100 A - - 73 73 _ 13 A - _ - - 4 19 - _ A 8 A 16 5 15 5 8 Data rela te to w om en w o r k e r s only. Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e; reta il trad e; finance, in su ra n ce, and re a l e sta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown s ep a ra tely. Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e, reta il tra d e, rea l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely. L e s s than 2. 5 p e rce n t. T ra n sp orta tion (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. O ccupational Wage S urvey, M em phis, Tenn. , F eb ru a ry 1955 U. S. DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau o f L abor Statistics 12 Table B-5: Paid Holiday Provisions 1 P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N — PE R C E N T OF PL A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — Item A ll w o rk e rs ___________________________ A ll in d u stries2 M an u factu rin g 100 100 99 A 4 48 22 10 3 A 12 100 A 7 33 41 12 5 A _ * All industries 3 M an u factu rin g P u blic u tilities5!' 100 100 100 100 99 84 A 10 32 34 5 A 88 92 8 21 50 A 16 12 8 47 20 27 83 36 4 P u blic utilities Number o f paid holidays W orkers in establishm ents providing paid holidays L e s s than 4 days 4 days _ _ _ ___ 5 days .... . 6 days __ ______ 7 days ____ 8 days ___ 9 days 10 days W orkers in establishm ent providing no paid holidays . . A _ 15 74 10 _ _ 7 23 68 A A _ P ro v isio n s for holidays o cc u rrin g on non w orkd ays4 With p rov ision s fo r holidays falling on Saturday Another dav off with pay E xtra day’ s pay Option o f another day o ff or extra clay’ s pay __________________ P ro v isio n s d iffer fo r va riou s holidays ____ Other p r o v is io n s __________________ Saturday is a scheduled w orkday for all w o rk e rs ________ No p ro v isio n s (or no pay) for holidays falling on Saturday With p rov ision s for holidays falling on Sunday _______________________ Another day o ff with pay _ __ Extra day’ s pay . Option o f another day o ff or extra day’ s p a y _______________________ P ro v isio n s d iffer fo r va riou s h o l i d a y s ____ Other p rov ision s Sunday is a scheduled w orkday fo r all w o rk e rs ___________________ No p ro v isio n s (or no pay) for holidays falling on Sunday________________ With p rov ision s for holidays falling during vacation Another day o ff with pay Extra day’ s p a y _____ ____ Option o f another day o ff or extra day’ s pay __ ____________ P ro v isio n s d iffer fo r va riou s h o l i d a y s ____ Other p rov ision s ___________ No p ro v isio n s (or no pay) for holidays falling during vacation .. 43 35 7 58 37 21 89 63 9 39 19 17 A _ _ _ 17 3 _ _ _ _ 43 _ 28 5 A 30 19 28 37 8 15 22 9 85 82 A 91 86 5 97 89 76 67 5 80 72 8 83 45 A 8 _ _ 3 . _ _ _ _ - _ 38 _ _ A 14 9 A 8 8 9 65 53 6 87 50 18 92 74 9 66 45 16 78 44 27 68 57 6 6 19 9 5 7 5 _ _ 18 10 24 _ 34 _ 13 _ 7 _ _ 1 E stim ates include only fu ll-d a y holidays p rov id ed annually. 2 Includes data fo r w h olesa le trad e; reta il trade; finance, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those.industry d ivision s shown sep a ra te ly . 3 Includes data fo r w h olesa le tra d e, reta il tra d e, rea l esta te, and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately. 4 L im ited to p rov ision s in establishm ents having a fo rm a l p o lic y applying when holidays o c c u r on nonw orkdays; som e o f the estim ates would be slig h tly h igh er i f p r a c t ic e s d eterm in ed in fo rm a lly as the situation o c c u r s w ere included. A L ess than 2. 5 p ercen t. O ccupational Wage S u rv ey, M em phis, Tenn. , F e b ru a ry 1955 * T ransportation (exclu din g ra ilro a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilitie s. U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA BO R B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistics 13 Table B-6: Paid Vacations PERCEN T OF OFFICE W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN — P ERCEN T OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLOYED IN— V acation p o lic y AH industries1 A ll w o r k e rs _____________________________________ Manufacturing 100 100 100 97 3 Public utilities * All industries 2 Manufacturing Public utilities * 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 98 86 12 99 78 21 100 96 4 - - - - - ■ - “ A A A 81 A 13 - _ 92 A 3 _ M ETHOD OF PA YM E N T W o rk e rs in esta b lish m en ts p rov id in g paid va ca tion s 3 -------------------------------------------------L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent -------------------------------P e rce n ta g e p a y m e n t _________________________ F la t-s u m paym ent -----------------------------------------Other _________________________________________ W o rk e rs in esta b lish m en ts p rov id in g no paid v a ca tion s ---------------------------------------------------- - - “ 100 - AMOUNT OF VACATION P A Y A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e _ _ 36 _ 62 A - 69 _ 29 A 15 A 84 A A 20 _ 79 A - 28 71 A _ 6 A 92 A A A _ _ 5 _ 92 A A A _ 98 _ 36 _ 63 U nder 1 w eek ___________________________________ 1 w eek _ _____________________________ ____________ O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 2 w eek s _________ _______________________________ O v er 2 and under 3 w eeks ______________________ 4 w eek s _____ _____ __ _____ ______________ A A - _ 69 _ 23 _ - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e _ U nder 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------------1 w e e k _______ ____________________________________ O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 2 w eek s ----------------------------- ------------------ __ __ __ O v er 2 and under 3 w eeks _____ ____ ________ 4 w eeks ____________ — _____________________ ___ A 67 _ 27 _ - 84 5 10 _ - A 41 9 48 50 15 34 3 _ 36 _ 64 _ - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek ____ ____ _________________________ 1 w e e k ______________ _____________________ ____ O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 w eeks ------------------- -------------------------------------- --O v e r 2 and under 3 w eek s _______________ __ __ 3 w eek s --------- — ------- ------------ __ ___________ 4 w eek s ____________ ____________________________ See footn otes at end of ta b le. * T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. NOTE: _ _ 15 _ 85 - - - _ - A - _ A Occupational Wage S urvey, M em phis, Tenn. , F eb ru a ry 1955 U. S. DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau o f L abor S tatistics In the tabulations o f va ca tion allow an ces by y e a rs o f s e r v ic e , paym ents other than "length o f t im e " , such as percen tage o f annual earnings o r fla t-s u m p a ym en ts, w e re co n ve rte d to an equivalent tim e b a s is; fo r e x a m p le, a paym ent o f 2 p ercen t o f annual earnings was c o n sid e re d as 1 w e e k 's pay. 14 Table B-6: Paid Vqcations1 3 Continued 2 P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N — V a c a tio n All industries * _________________________________________________ A ll w o r k e r s AM O UNT O F V A C A T IO N A fte r 5 y e a r s 1 2 O 3 4 1 2 O 3 O 4 PA Y 10 y e a r s A fte r 15 y e a r s Public utilities * All industries 2 M anufacturing Public u tilitie s* 100 100 100 _ 15 80 14 82 A A A A 100 - ■ ~ - 100 100 A 94 A 94 A 3 A 4 94 5 A - A A 86 4 6 A 89 _ 85 15 77 A A - A 53 4 38 A A A 60 _ 37 A “ A 42 A 53 A A A 40 A 40 A 17 100 o f s e r v ic e _ o f se r v ic e w e e k __________________________________________________________ w e e k s ________________________________________________________ v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------w e e k s ________________________________________________________ v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ______________________________ w e e k s ________________________________________________________ 1 w e e k _______ _ M anufacturing - C o n tin u e d w e e k __________________________________________________________ w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------w e e k s ________________________________________________________ w e e k s ________________________________________________________ A fte r P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — p o lic y 14 _ 90 _ - 8 8 A 4 82 A A A - - - - 7 " " ■ 10 o f se r v ic e ____________________________________________ 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s __ _________________________________________ _ 15 76 15 48 A 34 - - 9 " A 50 47 A A _ 15 76 - 15 45 A 50 41 A 7 _ 15 76 14 46 A 38 ■ _ 24 14 41 A 43 " _ 24 76 “ 14 41 A 40 3 _ 24 76 - 76 ~ A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k _______ ______________________________________ 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ______ ________________ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s ______________________________________________ A 36 - 9 A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s ______________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s __ _ 3 w e e k s ------------------------- ----------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s __ ___________________ 4 w e e k s ______________________________________________ 15 41 A 36 f 9 - 5 - 1 Includes data fo r w h olesa le trade; reta il trad e; fin a n ce, in su ra n ce , and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown s e p a ra te ly. 2 Includes data fo r w h olesale trade; reta il tra d e; rea l esta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown separately. 3 Includes p rop ortion s of w ork ers in establishm ents which did not p rov id e vacations until after 2 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e , as fo llo w s: O ffice w o r k e rs — a ll in d u s trie s, 1 p e rce n t; pu blic u tilitie s , 1 p e rce n t. Plant w ork ers— all in d u stries, 3 p ercen t; m an ufacturing, 2 p ercen t; public u tilitie s, 8 p ercen t. A L ess than 2. 5 p ercen t. * Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilitie s. APPEND IX: JOB DESCRIPTIONS 15 T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r th e B u r e a u ^ w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f i e l d s t a ff in c l a s s i f y i n g in to a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y o f p a y r o l l t it le s an d d if f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b lis h m e n t to e s t a b lis h m e n t a n d f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is is e s s e n t ia l in o r d e r to p e r m i t th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t in g c o m p a r a b le jo b c o n t e n t . B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is on in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t and i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b ili t y o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n t e n t , th e B u r e a u ! s j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t ly f r o m th o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s , th e B u r e a u * s f i e l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a r e i n s t r u c t e d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s , a p p r e n t i c e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g i n n e r s , t r a i n e e s , h a n d ic a p p e d w o r k e r s , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s . Off i c e B IL L E R , M A C H IN E B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , a n d in v o i c e s o n a m a c h in e o th e r th an an o r d i n a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r i t e r . M a y a l s o k e e p r e c o r d s a s t o b i l l i n g s o r s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k i n c i d e n t a l to b i l l i n g o p e r a t i o n s . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s , m a c h i n e , a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , as f o l l o w s : B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) - U s e s a s p e c i a l b illin g m a c h in e (M o o n t l o p k in s , E llio t t F i s h e r , B u r r o u g h s , e t c . , w h ic h a r e c o m b i n a t io n ty p in g an d a d d in g m a c h in e s ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s an d i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s 1 p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in t e r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m , e t c . U s u a lly in v o l v e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e d e t e r m i n e d d is c o u n t s an d sh ip p in g c h a r g e s a n d e n t r y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s i o n s , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n ot b e c o m p u t e d on th e b i l l i n g m a c h in e , a n d t o t a ls w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e d b y m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p i e s o f th e b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d a n d is o ft e n d o n e o n a f a n f o ld m a c h i n e . B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ) - U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (S u n d s t r a n d , E l lio t t F i s h e r , R e m in g t o n R a n d , e t c . , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n o t h a v e t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s * b i l l s a s p a r t o f th e a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t io n . G e n e r a l ly in v o l v e s th e s im u lt a n e o u s e n tr y o f f ig u r e s o n c u s t o m e r s 1 le d g e r record . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s f i g u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s and u s u a ll y p r in t s a u t o m a t i c a l l y th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a la n c e s . D o e s n ot in v o lv e a k n o w l e d g e o f b o o k k e e p i n g . W o r k s f r o m u n ifo r m a n d s t a n d a r d ty p e s o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E OPERATOR O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (R e m in g to n R a n d , E l lio t t F i s h e r , S u n d s t r a n d , B u r r o u g h s , N a tio n a l C a sh R e g i s t e r , w ith o r w it h ou t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) t o k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s i n e s s t r a n s a c t i o n s . OPERATOR - C o n tin u e d C la s s A - K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f an d e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s and f a m i l i a r i t y w ith th e s t r u c t u r e o f the p a r t i c u l a r a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m u s e d . D e te r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s a n d d is t r ib u t i o n o f d e b it and c r e d i t it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , a n d o t h e r r e c o r d s b y h a n d . C la s s B - K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a s e t oF r e c o r d s u s u a ll y r e q u ir i n g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s * a c c o u n t s (n ot in c lu d in g a s i m p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r b i l l e r , m a c h in e ) , c o s t d is t r ib u t i o n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e t c . M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a t io n o f t r i a l b a la n c e s an d p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r th e a c c o u n tin g d e p a r t m e n t. CLERK, A C C O U N T IN G C la s s A - U n d e r g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n t a n t, h a s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r k e e p in g o n e o r m o r e s e c t i o n s o f a c o m p le t e s e t o f b o o k s o r r e c o r d s r e la t in g to on e p h a s e o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b u s i n e s s t r a n s a c t i o n s . W o r k in v o l v e s p o s t in g an d b a la n c in g s u b s id i a r y le d g e r o r l e d g e r s s u c h a s a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le ; e x a m in in g a n d c o d in g i n v o i c e s o r v o u c h e r s w ith p r o p e r a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t i o n ; r e q u i r e s ju d g m e n t an d e x p e r i e n c e in m a k in g p r o p e r a s s i g n a t io n s a n d a l l o c a t i o n s . M a y a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g , a d ju s t in g , a n d c l o s i n g jo u r n a l e n t r ie s ; m a y d i r e c t c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s . C la s s B - U n d e r s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g o p e r a t io n s s u c h a s p o s t in g s i m p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s , a c c o u n t s p a y a b le v o u c h e r s , e n t e r in g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g i s t e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; p o s t in g s u b s id i a r y le d g e r s c o n t r o ll e d by g en era l le d g e r s . T h is jo b d o e s n ot r e q u ir e a k n o w le d g e o f a c c o u n t in g an d b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s bu t is fou n d in o f f i c e s in w h ic h th e m o r e r o u t in e a c c o u n t in g w o r k is s u b d iv id e d on a f u n c t io n a l b a s i s a m o n g s e v e r a l w o r k e r s . 16 CLERK, F IL E K E Y -P U N C H C la s s A - R e s p o n s ib le f o r m a in ta in in g an e s t a b lis h e d f ili n g s y s t e m . C l a s s i f i e s an d in d e x e s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e o r o t h e r m a t e r ia l ; m a y a l s o f i l e th is m a t e r i a l . M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in c o n ju n c t io n w ith f i l e s o r s u p e r v i s e o t h e r s in f i l i n g an d lo c a t in g m a t e r i a l in th e f i l e s . M a y p e r f o r m in c id e n t a l c l e r i c a l d u t ie s . C la s s B - P e r f o r m s r o u t in e f i l i n g , u s u a ll y o f m a t e r i a l th at h a s a l r e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f i e d , o r l o c a t e s o r a s s i s t s in lo c a t in g m a t e r i a l in th e f i l e s . M a y p e r f o r m in c id e n t a l c l e r i c a l d u t ie s . CLERK, U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s io n a n d w ith n o s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s , r e c o r d s a c c o u n t in g a n d s t a t i s t i c a l d a ta on ta b u la tin g c a r d s b y p u n c h in g a s e r i e s o f h o le s in th e c a r d s in a s p e c i f i e d s e q u e n c e , u s in g an a lp h a b e t ic a l o r a n u m e r i c a l k e y - p u n c h m a c h in e , f o l l o w i n g w r it t e n in fo r m a t io n on r e c o r d s . M a y d u p lic a t e c a r d s b y u s in g th e d u p lic a t in g d e v ic e a t ta c h e d to m a c h in e . K eep s file s o f pu n ch c a r d s . M a y v e r i f y ow n w o r k o r w o r k o f o t h e r s . O F F IC E B O Y O R G IR L ORDER R e c e iv e s c u s to m e r s * o r d e r s fo r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e b y m a il, p h o n e , o r p e r s o n a l l y . D u tie s in v o l v e a n y c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g : Q u o tin g p r i c e s to c u s t o m e r s ; m a k in g ou t an o r d e r s h e e t lis t i n g the it e m s to m a k e up th e o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r i c e s an d q u a n titie s o f it e m s on o r d e r s h e e t ; d is t r ib u t in g o r d e r s h e e t s to r e s p e c t i v e d e p a r t m e n ts to b e f i l l e d . M a y c h e c k w ith c r e d i t d e p a r t m e n t t o d e t e r m in e c r e d i t r a tin g o f c u s t o m e r , a c k n o w le d g e r e c e i p t o f o r d e r s f r o m c u s t o m e r s , f o l l o w up o r d e r s to s e e th at th e y h a v e b e e n f i l l e d , k e e p f i l e o f o r d e r s r e c e i v e d , a n d c h e c k s h ip p in g i n v o i c e s w ith o r i g i n a l o r d e r s . CLERK, OPERATOR PAYROLL C o m p u te s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s a n d e n t e r s th e n e c e s s a r y data on the p a y r o l l s h e e t s . D u tie s in v o l v e : C a lc u la t in g w o r k e r * s e a r n in g s b a s e d on t im e o r p r o d u c t i o n r e c o r d s ; p o s t in g c a lc u l a t e d d a ta on p a y r o l l s h e e t , s h o w in g i n fo r m a t io n s u c h a s w o r k e r ’ s n a m e , w o r k in g d a y s , t i m e , r a t e , d e d u c t io n s f o r in s u r a n c e , an d t o t a l w a g e s d u e . M a y m a k e o u t p a y c h e c k s and a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k in g up an d d i s tr ib u tin g p a y e n v e l o p e s . M a y u s e a c a lc u l a t i n g m a c h in e . COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR P r i m a r y d u ty is to o p e r a t e a C o m p t o m e t e r to p e r f o r m m a t h e m a t ic a l c o m p u t a t io n s . T h is jo b is n ot to b e c o n f u s e d w ith th a t o f s t a t is t ic a l o r o t h e r ty p e o f c l e r k , w h ic h m a y in v o lv e f r e q u e n t u s e o f a C o m p t o m e t e r b u t, in w h ic h , u s e o f th is m a c h in e is in c id e n t a l to p e r f o r m a n c e o f o t h e r d u t ie s . D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E OPERATOR (M IM E O G R A P H O R D I T T O ) U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n a n d w ith n o s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s , r e p r o d u c e s ryiu ltiple c o p i e s o f t y p e w r it t e n o r h a n d w r itin g m a t t e r , u s in g a m i m e o g r a p h o r d it t o m a c h in e . M akes n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s u c h a s f o r in k a n d p a p e r f e e d c o u n t e r an d c y l i n d e r s p e e d . Is n ot r e q u ir e d to p r e p a r e s t e n c i l o r d itto m a s t e r . M a y k e e p f i l e o f u s e d s t e n c ils o r d itto m a s t e r s . M a y s o r t , c o l l a t e , a n d s t a p le c o m p le t e d m a t e r ia l . P e r f o r m s v a r io u s r o u t in e d u t ie s s u c h a s r u n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t in g m in o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g an d d is t r ib u t in g m a i l , an d o th e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . SECRETARY P e r f o r m s s e c r e t a r i a l a n d c l e r i c a l d u tie s f o r a s u p e r i o r in an a d m in is t r a t iv e o r e x e c u t iv e p o s i t i o n . D u t ie s in c lu d e m a k in g a p p o in t m e n t s f o r s u p e r i o r ; r e c e i v i n g p e o p l e c o m i n g in to o f f i c e ; a n s w e r in g a n d m a k in g p h on e c a l l s ; h a n d lin g p e r s o n a l a n d im p o r t a n t o r c o n f i d e n tia l m a i l , an d w r it in g r o u t in e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e o n o w n in it i a t iv e ; ta k in g d ic t a t io n (w h e r e t r a n s c r i b i n g m ?(.ch in e is n o t u s e d ) e it h e r in s h o r th a n d o r b y s t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e , a n d t r a n s c r i b i n g d i c t a tio n o r th e r e c o r d e d in fo r m a t io n r e p r o d u c e d o n a t r a n s c r i b i n g m a c h in e . M a y p r e p a r e s p e c ia l r e p o r t s o r m e m o r a n d a f o r i n f o r m a t io n o f s u p e r i o r . STEN O G RAPH ER, GENERAL P r i m a r y du ty is to ta k e d ic t a t io n f r o m o n e o r m o r e p e r s o n s , e it h e r in s h o r th a n d o r b y s t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e , in v o lv in g a n o r m a l r o u t in e v o c a b u la r y , an d to t r a n s c r i b e th is d ic t a t io n o n a t y p e w r i t e r . M a y a l s o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y . M a y a l s o s e t u p a n d k e e p f i l e s in o r d e r , k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s , e t c . D o e s n o t in c l u d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e w o r k (s e e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c b i n e o p e r a t o r ) . STENOGRAPHER, T E C H N IC A L P r i m a r y du ty is to ta k e d ic t a t io n f r o m o n e o r m o r e p e r s o n s , e it h e r in s h o r th a n d o r b y s t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e , in v o lv in g a v a r i e d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s in l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s o n s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h a n d t o t r a n s c r i b e th is d ic t a t io n on a t y p e w r i t e r . M a y a l s o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y . M a y a ls o s e t up and k e e p f i l e s in o r d e r , k eep s i m p le r e c o r d s , e t c . D o e s n o t in c lu d e t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e w o rk . 17 S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R T R A N S C R IB I N G -M A C H IN E O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n t e le p h o n e s w it c h b o a r d . D u tie s i n v o l v e h a n d lin g i n c o m in g , o u tg o in g , an d in tr a p la n t o r o f f i c e c a lls . M a y r e c o r d t o l l c a l l s an d ta k e m e s s a g e s . M a y g iv e i n f o r m a t io n t o p e r s o n s w h o c a l l in , o r o c c a s i o n a l l y ta k e t e le p h o n e o r d e r s . F o r w o r k e r s w h o a l s o a c t a s r e c e p t io n is t s s e e s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r r e c e p tio n is t. ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y and d o s i m p le c l e r i c a l w o r k . W o r k e r s t r a n s c r i b i n g d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h a r e n o t in c lu d e d . A w o r k e r w h o ta k e s d ic t a t io n in sh o r th a n d o r b y s t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e is c l a s s i f i e d a s a s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l. OPERATOR, GENERAL - C on tin u ed T Y P IS T S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T I O N I S T In a d d it io n to p e r f o r m i n g d u tie s o f o p e r a t o r , on a s in g le p o s i t io n o r m o n i t o r - t y p e s w it c h b o a r d , a c t s a s r e c e p t i o n i s t a n d m a y a l s o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u t in e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a r t o f r e g u la r d u t ie s . T h is ty p in g o r c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y ta k e the m a j o r p a r t o f t h i s w o r k e r !s t im e w h ile a t s w it c h b o a r d . U s e s a t y p e w r i t e r to m a k e c o p i e s o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia l o r to m a k e ou t b i l l s a f t e r c a lc u l a t i o n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o th e r p e r s o n . M a y d o c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g l it t le s p e c i a l t r a in in g , s u c h a s k e e p in g s i m p le r e c o r d s , f ili n g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s o r s o r t in g and d i s t r i b u tin g in c o m in g m a i l . C l a s s A - P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : T y p in g m a t e r i a l in f in a l f o r m f r o m v e r y r o u g h an d in v o lv e d d r a ft; c o p y in g f r o m p la in o r c o r r e c t e d c o p y in w h ic h t h e r e is a fr e q u e n t an d v a r i e d u s e o f t e c h n ic a l a n d u n u s u a l w o r d s o r f r o m f o r e i g n - l a n g u a g e c o p y ; c o m b in in g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s , o r p la n n in g la y o u t o f c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b le s to m a in ta in u n ifo r m it y an d b a la n c e in s p a c in g ; ty p in g t a b le s f r o m r o u g h d r a ft in fin a l fo rm . M a y ty p e r o u t in e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y in g d e t a ils to su it c ir c u m s t a n c e s . T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s m a c h in e th at a u t o m a t ic a lly a n a ly z e s an d t r a n s l a t e s in f o r m a t io n p u n c h e d in g r o u p s o f ta b u la tin g c a r d s an d p r in t s t r a n s la t e d d a ta on f o r m s o r a c c o u n t in g r e c o r d s ; s e t s o r a d ju s t s m a c h in e ; d o e s s i m p l e w ir i n g o f p lu g b o a r d s a c c o r d i n g to e s t a b lis h e d p r a c t i c e o r d i a g r a m s ; p l a c e s c a r d s to b e ta b u la te d in f e e d m a g a z in e a n d s t a r t s m a c h in e . M a y f i l e c a r d s a f t e r th e y a r e ta b u la te d . M a y , in a d d it io n , o p e r a te a u x ilia r y m a c h in e s . T R A N S C R IB I N G -M A C H IN E r o u t in e P r i m a r y d u ty is v o c a b u la r y fr o m OPERATOR, GENERAL t o t r a n s c r i b e d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l t r a n s c r i b i n g m a c h in e r e c o r d s . M ay a ls o P rofession a l DRAFTSM AN, J U N IO R ( A s s is t a n t d r a f t s m a n ) D r a w s to s c a l e u n its o r p a r t s o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y d r a f t s m a n o r o t h e r s f o r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , o r m a n u fa c t u r in g p u r poses. U s e s v a r i o u s t y p e s o f d r a ftin g t o o l s as r e q u i r e d . M a y p r e p a r e d r a w in g s f r o m s i m p l e p la n s o r s k e t c h e s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r d u tie s u n d e r d i r e c t i o n o f a d r a ft s m a n . C la s s B - P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f the f o llo w in g : T y p in g f r o m r e l a t i v e l y c l e a r o r ty p e d d r a ft s ; r o u t in e ty p in g o f f o r m s , in s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c '.; s e t t in g up s i m p le s ta n d a r d ta b u la tio n s , o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p l e x t a b le s a l r e a d y s e t u p and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y . and Technical DRAFTSM AN, LEADER P la n s a n d d i r e c t s a c t i v i t i e s o f on e o r m o r e d r a ft s m e n in p r e p a r a t io n o f w o r k in g p la n s and d e t a il d r a w in g s f r o m r o u g h o r p r e l i m i n a r y s k e t c h e s f o r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t i o n , o r m a n u fa c tu r in g p u r p o s e s . D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g ; I n te r p r e t in g b l u e p r i n t s , s k e t c h e s , a n d w r it t e n o r v e r b a l o r d e r s ; d e t e r m in in g w o r k p r o c e d u r e s ; a s s ig n in g d u tie s to s u b o r d in a t e s a n d in s p e c t in g t h e ir w o r k ; p e r f o r m i n g m o r e d if f i c u lt p r o b l e m s . M a y a s s i s t s u b o r d in a t e s d u rin g e m e r g e n c i e s o r a s a r e g u la r a s s i g n m e n t , o r p e r f o r m r e la t e d d u tie s o f a s u p e r v i s o r y o r a d m in is t r a t iv e n a t u r e . 18 D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R N URSE, P r e p a r e s w o r k in g p la n s an d d e t a il d r a w in g s f r o m n o t e s , r o u g h o r d e t a ile d s k e t c h e s f o r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , o r m a n u fa c t u r in g p u r p o s e s . D u t ie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P r e p a r in g w o r k in g p la n s , d e t a il d r a w in g s , m a p s , c r o s s - s e c t i o n s , e t c . , to s c a l e b y u s e o f d r a ft in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g e n g in e e r in g c o m p u t a t io n s su ch a s t h o s e in v o lv e d in s t r e n g th o f m a t e r i a l s , b e a m s , a n d t r u s s e s ; v e r if y in g c o m p le t e d w o r k , c h e c k in g d im e n s io n s , m a t e r i a l s to b e u s e d , and q u a n t it ie s ; w r it in g s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; m a k in g a d ju s t m e n t s o r c h a n g e s in d r a w in g s o r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s . M a y in k in l i n e s an d l e t t e r s on p e n c i l d r a w in g s , p r e p a r e d e t a il u n its o f c o m p le t e d r a w in g s , o r t r a c e d r a w in g s . W o rk i s fr e q u e n t ly in a s p e c i a l i z e d f i e l d s u c h a s a r c h it e c t u r a l , e l e c t r i c a l , m e c h a n ic a l, o r s t r u c t u r a l d r a ft in g . th e p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u t ie s in v o l v e <1 c o m b in a t io n o f the f o llo w in g ; G iv in g f i r s t a id to th e i l l o r in ju r e d ; a tte n d in g to s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e 's i n j u r i e s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a t ie n t s t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c i d e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; c o n d u c tin g p h y s ic a l e x a m i n a t io n s a n d h e a lt h e v a lu a t io n s o f a p p lic a n t s and e m p lo y e e s ; an d p la n n in g a n d c a r r y i n g o u t p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h e a lth e d u c a tio n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t i o n , e v a lu a t io n o f p la n t e n v ir o n m e n t , o r o th e r a c t i v i t i e s a f f e c t i n g th e h e a lt h , w e l f a r e , a n d s a fe t y o f a l l p e r s o n n e l . N URSE, C o p ie s p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s , b y p la c i n g t r a c in g c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g a n d t r a c i n g w ith p e n o r p e n c i l . U s e s T - s q u a r e , c o m p a s s , an d o t h e r d r a ft in g t o o l s . M ay p r e p a r e s i m p le d r a w in g s an d d o s im p le l e t t e r i n g . IN D U S T R IA L (R E G I S T E R E D ) A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e to i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o t h e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r s u f f e r an a c c id e n t on Maintenance CARPENTER, M A IN T E N A N C E P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t an d m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a i r b u ild in g w o o d w o r k a n d e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s b in s , c r ib s , c o u n te r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t itio n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a ir s , c a s i n g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : P la n n in g an d la y in g ou t o f w o r k f r o m b l u e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t io n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b le p o w e r t o o l s , an d s t a n d a r d m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; s e l e c t in g m a t e r ia l s n e c e s s a r y f o r fh e w o r k . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a i n in g and e x p e r i e n c e . E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c t io n s s u c h a s th e in s t a lla t io n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r r e p a i r o f e q u ip m e n t f o r th e g e n e r a t in g , d is t r ib u t io n , o r u t ili z a t io n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g a n y o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t i u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a tin g u n it s , IN D U S T R IA L (R E G IS T E R E D ) - C o n tin u e d TRACER nd Powerplant E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E - C o n tin u e d c o n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o th e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k in g f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w in g s , la y o u t, o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; lo c a t in g a n d d i a g n o s in g t r o u b le in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k in g s t a n d a r d c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to lo a d r e q u i r e m e n t s o f w ir i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 1s h a n d t o o ls a n d m e a s u r i n g a n d t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s . In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a ll y a c q u i r e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y O p e r a te s and m a in ta in s a n d m a y a l s o s u p e r v i s e th e o p e r a t io n o f s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) t o s u p p ly th e e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r , h e a t , r e f r i g e r a t io n , o r a i r - c o n d i t i o n i n g . W o r k i n v o l v e s : O p e r a t in g a n d m a in t a in in g e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s s t e a m e n g in e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n t ila t in g an d r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t , s t e a m b o i l e r s an d b o i l e r - f e d w a te r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , a n d f u e l c o n s u m p tio n . M a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e se o p e r a t io n s . H e a d o r c h i e f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e th a n o n e e n g in e e r a r e e x c l u d e d 19 F IR E M A N , S T A T I O N A R Y B O IL E R F i r e s s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s to fu r n is h the e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith h e a t , p o w e r , o r s t e a m . F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e b y h an d o r o p e r a te s a m e c h a n ic a l s to k e r , g a s, or o il b u r n e r ; c h e c k s w a ter an d s a f e t y v a l v e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t . HELPER, TRADES, M A IN T E N A N C E A s s i s t s o n e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in th e s k i lle d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , b y p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h a s k e e p in g a w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia l s and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e , an d e q u ip m e n t; a s s i s t i n g w o r k e r b y h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s o r t o o l s ; p e r f o r m i n g o th e r u n s k ille d ta s k s a s d i r e c t e d b y j o u r n e y m a n . T h e k in d o f w o r k th e h e lp e r is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m v a r i e s fr o m tra d e to tra d e ; In s o m e t r a d e s th e h e lp e r is c o n fin e d to s u p p ly in g , l if t in g , a n d h o ld in g m a t e r ia l s and t o o ls and c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; an d in o t h e r s h e is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t i o n s , o r p a r t s o f a tr a d e that a r e a l s o p e r f o r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-tim e b a s is . M A C H I N E -T O O L OPERATOR, TOOLROOM S p e c i a l i z e s in th e o p e r a t io n o f o n e o r m o r e ty p e s o f m a c h in e t o o l s , s u c h a s j i g b o r e r s , c y l i n d r i c a l o r s u r f a c e g r i n d e r s , e n g in e la t h e s , o r m i l l i n g m a c h in e s in th e c o n s t r u c t io n o f m a c h in e - s h o p t o o l s , g a u g e s , j i g s , f i x t u r e s , o r d ie s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g an d p e r f o r m i n g d iffic u lt m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s ; p r o c e s s i n g it e m s r e q u ir i n g c o m p l i c a t e d se tu p s o r a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l in g an d o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s d u r in g o p e r a t io n t o a c h ie v e r e q u is i t e t o l e r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s . M a y b e r e q u i r e d to r e c o g n i z e w h en t o o ls n e e d d r e s s i n g , to d r e s s t o o l s , an d to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s and c u ttin g and lu b r ic a t i n g o i l s . F or c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m in t o o l an d d ie jo b b in g s h o p s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s and n ew p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g ; I n t e r p r e t in g w r it t e n i n s t r u c t io n s a n d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; p la n n in g and la y in g ou t o f w o r k ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t s h a n d to o ls ’an d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e t t in g up an d o p e r a t in g s ta n d a r d m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s t o c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g sta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e l a t in g t o d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o lin g , fe e d s and s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f the c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e l e c t i n g s t a n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , an d e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r h is w o r k ; f i t tin g a n d a s s e m b l i n g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t . In g e n e r a l, th e m a c h i n i s t 's w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u ir e s a r o u n d e d t r a in in g in m a c h i n e s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a ll y a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M A IN T E N A N C E ) R e p a ir s a u t o m o b il e s , b u s s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , an d t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : E x a m in in g a u t o m o t iv e e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g e q u ip m e n t an d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th at in v o lv e the u s e o f s u c h h a n d t o o l s a s w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d i s a s s e m b li n g o r fit tin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e fe c t iv e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r in d in g an d a d ju s tin g v a l v e s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g an d in s t a llin g th e v a r io u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h i c l e an d m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s ; a lin in g w h e e l s , a d ju s tin g b r a k e s and lig h t s , o r tig h te n in g b o d y b o l t s . In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e a u t o m o t iv e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d t r a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e sh ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s t a b lis h m en t. W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s an d m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t l y d is m a n t lin g m a c h in e s an d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a ir s th at m a in ly in v o lv e th e u s e o f h a n d to o ls in s c r a p in g an d fit tin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s w ith it e m s o b t a in e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g the p r o d u c t i o n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h in e sh op o r s e n d in g o f th e m a c h in e to a m a c h in e sh o p f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r in g w r it te n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r the p r o d u c t io n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e sh o p ; r e a s s e m b l i n g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a l l n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s f o r o p e r a t io n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u tie s in v o lv e s e t tin g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s . M IL L W R IG H T In s t a lls n ew m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t and d is m a n t le s and in s t a ll s m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w h en c h a n g e s in th e p la n t l a y ou t a r e r e q u ir e d . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y in g ou t o f the w o r k ; in t e r p r e t in g b lu e p r in t s o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d to o ls -a n d r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d sh op c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to s t r e s s e s , s t r e n g t h o f m a t e r i a l s , a n d c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lin in g and b a la n c in g o f e q u ip m e n t; s e l e c t in g s ta n d a r d t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t and p a r t s to b e u s e d ; in s t a llin g an d m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s d r iv e s an d s p e e d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, th e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a r o u n d ed t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e . O IL E R s u r fa c e s L u b r i c a t e s , w ith o i l o r g r e a s e , th e m o v in g p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f a n e s t a b lis h m e n t . o r w e a r in g 20 P A IN T E R , S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E P a in ts a n d r e d e c o r a t e s w a ll s , w o o d w o r k , an d f i x t u r e s o f an e sta b lis h m e n t,, W o r k in v o l v e s th e fo llo w in g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s a n d ty p e s o? p a in t r e q u i r e d f o r d i f f e r e n t a p p lic a t io n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r f a c e f o r p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld f in is h o r b y p la c i n g p u tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s an d i n t e r s t i c e s ; a p p ly in g p a in t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h . M a y m i x c o l o r s , o i l s ? w h ite le a d , an d o th e r p a in t in g r e d ie n t s to o b t a in p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f the m a in t e n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . P IP E F IT T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E In s t a lls o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r ty p e s o f p ip e and p ip e fit t in g s in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w in g : L a y in g ou t o f w o r k an d m e a s u r i n g to l o c a t e p o s i t i o n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w in g s o r o t h e r w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; c u ttin g v a r io u s s i z e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t le n g th s w ith c h i s e l an d h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e -c u t t in g m a c h in e ; th r e a d in g p ip e w ith s t o c k s an d d i e s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d -d r iv e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b l i n g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s t e n in g p ip e to h a n g e r s ; m a k in g s t a n d a r d sh o p c o m p u t a tio n s r e la t in g to p r e s s u r e s , f l o w , an d s i z e o f p ip e r e q u ir e d ; m a k in g sta n d a r d te s ts to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r f in is h e d p ip e s m e e t s p e c i f i c a t io n s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p ip e fi t t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . W ork ers p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g a n d r e p a ir in g b u ild in g s a n it a t io n o r h e a t in g s y s t e m s a r e e x c lu d e d . PLUM BER, M A IN T E N A N C E K e e p s th e p lu m b in g s y s t e m o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t in g o o d o r d e r . W o r k in v o l v e s ; K n o w le d g e o f s a n it a r y c o d e s r e g a r d i n g in s t a lla t io n o f v e n ts and tr a p s in p lu m b in g s y s t e m ; in s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g p ip e s and f ix t u r e s ; o p e n in g c l o g g e d d r a in s w ith a p lu n g e r o r p l u m b e r Ts s n a k e . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p lu m b e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a ll y a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e sh ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e . Custodial and GUARD M A IN T E N A N C E F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a ll s , an d m a in t a in s in g o o d r e p a i r th e s h e e t m e t a l e q u ip m e n t an d f ix t u r e s (s u c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e l v e s , l o c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t i l a t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e t a l r o o f i n g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g an d la y in g ou t a l l ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a in t e n a n c e w o r k f r o m b l u e p r in t s , m o d e l s , o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; s e t t in g up an d o p e r a t in g a l l a v a i la b le ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l - w o r k i n g m a c h i n e s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d to o ls in c u ttin g , b e n d in g , f o r m i n g , s h a p in g , fit t in g , a n d a s s e m b lin g ; in s t a llin g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s a s r e q u i r e d . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R (D ie m a k e r ; jig m a k e r; to o lm a k e r ; fix tu r e m a k e r; gau ge m a k e r) C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a ir s m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , g a u g e s , j i g s , f i x t u r e s o r d ie s f o r f o r g i n g s , p u n ch in g a n d o t h e r m e t a l - f o r m i n g w o r k . W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g an d la y in g ou t o f w o r k f r o m m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r o t h e r o r a l a n d w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f t o o l an d d ie m a k e r ls h a n d t o o ls a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a ls and a l l o y s ; s e t tin g up an d o p e r a t in g o f m a c h in e t o o l s a n d r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , s p e e d s , f e e d s , a n d t o o l in g o f m a c h i n e s ; h e a t t r e a t in g o f m e t a l p a r t s d u r in g f a b r i c a t i o n a s w e l l a s o f f in is h e d t o o l s an d d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a l it i e s ; w o r k in g to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; fit t in g an d a s s e m b li n g o f p a r t s to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s an d a l l o w a n c e s ; s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , a n d p r o c e s s e s . In g e n e r a l, the t o o l a n d d ie m a k e r ls w o r k r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a in in g in m a c h i n e sh o p an d t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , t o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g sh o p s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . M aterial M ovement J A N IT O R , PORTER, OR C L E A N E R (S w e e p e r ; c h a r w o m a n ; ja n i t r e s s ) P e r f o r m s r o u t in e p o l i c e d u t ie s , e it h e r a t f i x e d p o s t o r on t o u r , m a in ta in in g o r d e r , u s in g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . In c lu d e s g a te m e n w h o a r e s t a t io n e d a t g a te and c h e c k on id e n t it y o f e m p lo y e e s and o t h e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g . C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d i t io n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s an d w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u tie s in v o l v e a c o m b i n a t io n o f th e 21 J A N IT O R , PORTER, OR CLEANER - C on tin u ed S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K fo l l o w i n g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , a n d p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h i p s , t r a s h , a n d o th e r r e f u s e ; d u stin g e q u ip m e n t , f u r n it u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o li s h in g m e t a l f ix t u r e s o r t r im m in g s ; p r o v i d in g s u p p lie s an d m i n o r m a in t e n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; c le a n in g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , an d r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d . LABORER, C o n tin u e d M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g th e m e r c h a n d i s e f o r s h ip m e n t . R e c e iv in g w o r k i n v o l v e s : V e r if y in g o r d ir e c t in g o t h e r s in v e r if y in g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f s h ip m e n t s a g a in s t b i l l s o f la d in g , i n v o i c e s , o r o th e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r s h o r t a g e s an d r e je c t i n g d a m a g e d g o o d s ; r o u tin g m e r c h a n d i s e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; m a in ta in in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s an d f i l e s . M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , ( L o a d e r a n d u n lo a d e r ; h a n d le r and s t a c k e r ; s t o c k m a n o r s t o c k h e lp e r ; w a r e h o u s e m a n o r s h e lv e r ; tr u ck e r ; w a r e h o u s e h e lp e r ) A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t, s t o r e , o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o l v e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L o a d in g a n d u n lo a d in g v a r io u s m a t e r i a l s an d m e r c h a n d i s e on o r f r o m f r e i g h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o th e r t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g m a t e r ia l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n ; t r a n s p o r t in g m a t e r ia l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e b y h and t r u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w » L o n g s h o r e m e n , w h o lo a d an d u n lo a d s h ip s a r e e x c lu d e d . O RD ER F IL L E R (O r d e r p ic k e r ; s to c k s e le c to r ; w areh ou se stock m a n ) F i l l s s h ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d i s e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a le s s l i p , c u s t o m e r o r d e r s , o r o t h e r in s t r u c t i o n s . M a y , in a d d itio n to f i l l i n g o r d e r s an d in d ic a t in g it e m s f i l l e d o r o m itte d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s , r e q u i s i t i o n a d d it io n a l s t o c k , o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s to s u p e r v i s o r , an d p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t e d d u tie s . PACKER, - S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G CLERK P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d i s e f o r s h ip m e n t , o r r e c e i v e s a n d is r e s p o n s ib l e f o r in c o m in g s h ip m e n t s o f m e r c h a n d i s e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s . S h ip p in g w o r k i n v o l v e s : A k n o w le d g e o f s h ip p in g p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r o u t e s , a v a i la b le m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t io n an d r a t e s ; an d p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f th e g o o d s s h ip p e d , m a k in g up b i l l s o f la d in g , p o s t in g w e ig h t a n d s h ip p in g c h a r g e s , and k e e p in g a f i l e o f sh ip p in g r e c o r d s . are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s ; R e c e iv in g c le r k S h ip p in g c l e r k S h ip p in g an d " r e c e iv in g c l e r k T R U C K D R IV E R D r i v e s a t r u c k w ith in a c i t y o r in d u s t r ia l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t , o r m e n b e t w e e n v a r io u s ty p e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s u c h a s : M a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t s , f r e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r b e t w e e n r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s an d c u s t o m e r s * h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s i n e s s . M ay a lso lo a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w ith o r w ith o u t h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a i r s , a n d k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o r k in g o r d e r . D r i v e r - s a l e s m e n an d o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r i v e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y s i z e a n d ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t , a s f o l l o w s : ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r sh o u ld b e r a t e d on th e b a s i s o f t r a i l e r c a p a c i t y ) . T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , S H IP P IN G P r e p a r e s f in is h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g th e m in s h ip p in g c o n t a i n e r s , the s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p e n d e n t u p o n th e t y p e , s i z e , an d n u m b e r o f u n its to b e p a c k e d , the ty p e o f c o n t a in e r e m p l o y e d , an d m e t h o d o f s h ip m e n t . W o r k r e q u ir e s th e p la c i n g o f i t e m s in sh ip p in g c o n t a in e r s a n d m a y in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e o f v a r io u s it e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r t o v e r i f y c o n t e n t ; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r ia t e ty p e a n d s i z e o f c o n t a in e r ; i n s e r t in g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u s in g e x c e l s i o r o r o th e r m a t e r i a l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c l o s i n g a n d s e a lin g c o n t a in e r ; a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n t e r in g id e n t ify in g data on c o n t a in e r . P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d . w ork ers lig h t (u n d e r 1V2 t o n s ) m e d iu m ( IV 2 t o an d in c lu d in g 4 to n s ) h e a v y ( o v e r 4 t o n s , t r a i l e r - ty p e ) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POW ER O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o l l e d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g o o d s an d m a t e r ia l s o f a ll k in d s a b ou t a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t , o r o th e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . tru ck , F o r w a g e s tu d y as fo llo w s : T ru ck er, T ru ck er, pow er pow er p u rp oses, w ork ers a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f (fo r k l if t ) (o th e r than f o r k l i f t ) W ATCHM AN M a k e s r o u n d s o f p r e m i s e s p e r i o d i c a l l y in p r o t e c t in g p r o p e r t y a g a in s t f i r e , th e ft, a n d i l l e g a l e n t r y . 'A' U. S . G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : 1955 O - - 339206 F o r the con v e n ie n ce o f u s e r s o f B LS data, c o p ie s o f b u lle tin s m a y a ls o b e p u rch a s e d fr o m the fo llo w in g s a le s o f f ic e s : U. S. D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics 341 Ninth A ven u e N ew Y o rk 1, N. Y. U. S. D ep artm en t o f L a b o r B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics 105 W est A d a m s S treet C h ica g o 3, 111, U. S. D ep artm en t o f L a b or B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics 630 S an som e S treet San F r a n c is c o 11, C a lif. O ccu p a tio n a l w age su rv e y s a re b ein g con d u cted in 17 m a jo r la b o r m a rk e ts during late 1954 and e a r ly 1955. B u lletin s fo r the follow in g a r e a s a r e now a v a ila b le and m a y be p u rch a s e d fr o m the S u per intendent o f D o cu m e n ts, G overn m en t P rin tin g O ffic e , W ashin gton 25, D. C. , o r fr o m any o f the re g io n a l s a le s o f f ic e s lis t e d a b ov e. L a b o r M a rk et B u ffa lo , N . Y. C le v e la n d , Ohio D a lla s , T e x . P h ila d e lp h ia , P a. M in n e a p o lis -S t. P a u l, M inn. D e n v e r , C o lo . San F r a n c is c o O akland, C a lif. N e w a r k -J e r s e y C ity , N. J. M e m p h is , Tenn. S u rvey P e r io d B LS B u lletin N um ber P r ic e S e p te m b e r 1954 O c to b e r 1954 S e p te m b e r 1954 N o v e m b e r 1954 1172-1 1 1 72-2 1172-3 1 1 72 -4 25 25 20 25 N o v e m b e r 1954 D e c e m b e r 1954 1172-5 1172-6 20 cen ts 25 cen ts January 1955 1172-7 20 cen ts D e c e m b e r 1954 F e b ru a ry 1955 1 1 72-8 1172-9 20 cen ts 20 cen ts cen ts cen ts cen ts cen ts
@FedFRASER