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Occupational Wage Survey GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN AUGUST 1963 B u lle tin N o. 1 3 8 5 - 4 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey GREEN B A Y, WISCONSIN AUGUST 1963 Bulletin No. 1385-4 November 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 2 0 cents Contents P refa ce Page The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is designed to provide data on occupational earnings, and establishment practices ,and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry divisions for metropolitan area labor markets, for economic regions, and for the United States. A major consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (a) the movement of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (b) the structure and level of wages among labor markets and industry divisions. Tables: 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied_________ _____________________________________ 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected periods__________________ A: Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office ocrupations-men and women________________________ A - 2. Professional and technical occupations—men _ _ ____________5 A - 3. Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women c o m b in e d-------------------------------------------A - 4 . Maintenance and power plant o c c u p a t io n s ___________ A - 5. Custodial and material movement occupations___ Appendix: Occupational d e s c r ip t io n s , _____________ ____________________________ Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the program. Information on occupational earnings is collected annually in each area. Information on estab lishment practices and supplementary wage provisions is obtained biennially in most of the areas. This bulletin presents results of the survey in Green Bay, W is., in August 1963. It was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Chicago, 111., by Marvin Glick, under the direction of Kenneth Thorsten. The study was under the general direction of Woodrow C. Linn, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. 1 3 * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other major areas. (See inside back cover.) m 2 2 4 in vO r- A preliminary report and an individual area bulletin present survey results for each labor market studied. After completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of surveys, a two part summary bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of the labor markets studied into one bulletin. The second part presents information which has been projected from individual labor market data to relate to economic regions and the United States. Int r oduction-------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- -----------Wage trends for selected occupational groups__________________________ 9 O ccu pation al W age S u rv ey—G reen Bay, W is. Introduction This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U. S. De partment of Labor’ s Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. This bulletin presents current occupational employment and earnings information obtained largely by mail from the establishments visited by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey for occupations reported in that earlier study. Personal visits were made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes since the previous survey. In each area, data are obtained from representative estab lishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; trans portation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government opera tions and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed may be due to such factors as (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among in dustries and establishments; (2) differences in length of service or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis; and (3) differences in specific duties performed, although the occu pations are appropriately classified within the same survey job de scription. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments. This allows for minor differences among establish ments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the-scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differ ences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -series tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Tabulations on selected establishment practices and supple mentary wage provisions (B -series tables) are not presented in this bulletin. Information for these tabulations is collected biennially in this area. These tabulations on minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced women office workers; shift differentials; scheduled weekly hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are presented (in the B -series tables) in previous bulletins for this area. 1 2 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in sc o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m b e r stu d ied in G r e e n B a y , W i s . , 1 b y m a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n , 2 A u g u st 1 9 63 N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts In d u stry d iv is io n A l l d iv is io n s _________ Studied W ith in sc o p e o f s tu d y 4 S tu died 73 60 1 6 ,4 0 0 1 3 ,9 3 0 38 35 29 31 1 0 ,5 0 0 5, 90 0 8 , 270 5, 660 12 6 12 2 3 12 5 9 2 3 2 ,9 0 0 80 0 1 ,7 0 0 100 400 2 ,8 5 0 740 1, 54 0 130 400 W ith in sc o p e o f stu d y 3 __ ________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __________________________________________— ---------T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s 5 _ ______________ — ----------W h o le s a le tr a d e 6 ------------------- ----------------------------------R e ta il t r a d e 6 _ ___ __ _____________ _________ — F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e 6—------------------------------S e r v ic e s 6> 7 _______________________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n ts 1 T h e G r e e n B a y S tan d ard M e tr o p o lit a n S ta t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B ro w n C ou n ty . T h e "w o r k e r s w ithin sc o p e o f s t u d y " e s t im a t e s sh ow n in th is ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip t io n o f the s i z e and c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t im a t e s a r e not in te n d ed , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e a s a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s fo r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e ls s in c e (1) plann in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e s t a b lis h m e n t d ata c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d van ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d s tu d ie d , and (2) s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n ts a r e ex clu d e d f r o m the sc o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1957 r e v is e d ed itio n o f th e S tan d ard In d u s tr ia l C la s s if ic a t io n M a n u a l w as u se d in c la s s if y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n . 3 In c lu d es a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith t o ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b ove the m in im u m lim ita tio n (5 0 e m p lo y e e s ) . A l l o u tle ts (w ith in the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in su c h in d u s tr ie s a s t r a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o tio n p ic t u r e th e a te rs a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s t a b lis h m e n t . 4 In c lu d es a ll w o r k e r s in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t (w ith in the a r e a ) at or ab ove the m in im u m lim ita t io n (5 0 e m p l o y e e s ) . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r t r a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e e x c lu d e d . 6 T h is in d u str y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b l e s . S e p a r a te p r e s e n t a tio n o f d a ta fo r th is d iv is io n is not m a d e fo r one or m o r e o f th e fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv is io n is too s m a l l to p r o v id e en ou gh data to m e r it s e p a r a te stu d y , (2) the s a m p le w a s not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r in a d e q u a te to p e r m it s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c l o s u r e o f in d ivid u al e sta b lish m e n t d ata. 7 H o t e ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s ; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n on p rofit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h it e c tu r a l s e r v i c e s . T a b le 2 . In d e x e s o f sta n d a r d w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s , and p e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c te d p e r i o d s , G r e e n B a y , W i s . , In d ex (A u g u st 1 9 6 0 -1 0 0 ) In d u str y and o c c u p a tio n a l grou p A l l in d u s tr ie s : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ) ____________ In d u str ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n )_________ S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m e n )_____________________ U n s k ille d p lan t ( m e n ) _______________________ M an u f a c tu r in g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ) ____________ In d u str ia l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n )_________ S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m e n )_____________________ U n s k ille d p lan t ( m e n ) _____________ D a ta do not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . P e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e A u g u st 1963 A u g u st 1962 to A u g u st 1963 108. 9 3 .6 2. 2 ( 1) 1 1 0 .7 111. 6 (l) 3. 5 3 .8 4. 5 6. 1 1 0 9 .4 2 .4 (*) 3. 1 2 .6 (>) no. i 1 1 1 .5 A u g u st 1961 to A u g u st 19 62 ( l ) 4. 2 (l) 5. 1 8. 1 A u g u st I 9 6 0 to A u g u st 1961 2 .8 (* ) 2. 3 1. 3 2 .6 (» ) 1 .7 .6 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A , B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The indexes were computed by multiplying the ratios for each group aggregate for each period after the base year (196>1). The indexes and percentages of change measure, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-time hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay for overtime. 4 A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Green Bay, W is ., August 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS 0 F - Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers $45 Weekly Weekly, and hours 1 earnings1 (Standard) (Standard) u n d e r $50 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 over 4 2 2 7 4 3 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 2 6 - - 1 6 5 5 2 2 - 7 5 6 2 2 2 - - _ _ _ - _ “ “ “ “ “ _ _ _ and - - - - 1 - 1 2 2 - - - - - - 1 - - " - - _ _ 3 “ “ 3 3 2 ■ 3 1 2 “ 3 2 _ 1 _ _ 1 2 1 6 1 _ 2 1 1 1 1 2 8 5 4 1 1 _ _ 2 3 2 2 3 5 _ 2 . _ _ _ _ 23 6 17 18 2 16 12 9 3 9 4 5 7 3 4 9 i 5 2 3 - - - - - 11 9 - 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 1 6 4 . 1 6 4 1 1 4 3 - 1 17 "2 12 4 26 11 10 6 3 3 2 1 3 2 _ _ _ - 6 1 2 5 6 6 2 - 3 1 2 10 8 2 14 12 2 13 l2 1 5 3 2 6 9 4 10 7 3 3 2 1 6 4 2 3 4 15 l2 3 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 4 3 5 2 4 4 4 2 13 12 1 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss Manufacturing.. Nonmanufacturing.. 39 18 21 3 9 .5 38. 5 4 0 .0 $ 1 1 4 .5 0 1 0 9 .0 0 1 1 9 .0 0 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B „ Nonmanufacturing_____ 31 15 3 9 .0 40. 0 8 9 . 50 92 . 3 b _ Tabulating-m achine op erators, c la ss B __________________________ 20 3 9 .5 9 5 . 00 _ B ookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B____________________________ 19 4 0 .0 5 8. 00 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A .. 19 39. 5 8 3 .0 0 _ C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B . Manufacturing— N onmanuf acturing— 88 32 56 3 9 .5 39. 5 4 0 .0 6 7 .0 0 6 3 . 00 6 6 . 50 - 3 2 - 1 C le r k s, file , c la ss C . Nonmanufacturing-. 17 15 3 9 .5 39. 5 52. 00 52. 00 4 4 C le r k s, p ayroll______ Manufacturing— 32 20 3 9 .5 39. 5 7 7 .0 0 7 6 . 50 _ Keypunch op erators, c la ss B— Manufactu ring_________ _____ 73 29 3 9 .5 39. 5 5 6 .0 0 5 9 . 50 1 02 70 32 3 9 .0 38. 5 4 0 .0 8 5 .0 0 8 9 . 00 7 7 . 50 Stenographers, g e n e r a lManufacturing_____ Nonmanufacturing— 59 38 21 3 9 .0 38. 5 4 0 .0 6 7 . 50 6 9 . 50 6 4 .5 0 l l - 6 2 4 Switchboard op erators__ Nonmanufacturing— 15 1$ 42. 5 42. 5 5 6 . 50 5 6 . 50 4 4 4 4 4 - Switchboard o p erator-recep tion ists . Manufacturing_______________________ 32 20 3 9 .0 39. 0 7 2 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 _ 3 “ 1 3 2 "2 62 ""4 3 19 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 5 9 . 50 6 0 .0 0 5 8 . 00 4 S ec retaries _ Manufacturing— N onmanuf acturing— T y p ists, c la ss B _ Manufacturing___ Nonmanufacturing— - “ 4 13 6 7 - 2 4 11 7 4 - 5 - 4 20 l4 1 5 ~ j - _ 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 - - 1 - _ "2 - - - " _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 7 2 11 10 10 1 1 _ - _ - _ 1 - _ - 2 2 - - - - - - _ 8 3 5 8 3 1 1 _ _ _ ■ ~ ■ 1 - - - i 1 1 3 2 6 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees re c e iv e their regu lar stra igh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings correspond to these w eekly h ou rs. ! " _ ~ _ _ _ _ ■ “ 5 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on a n a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , G r e e n B a y , W is ., A u g u s t 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average Number of workers O c c u p a t io n Weekly hours1 (Standard) S ta n d a rd h ou rs r e fle c t th e w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h $ 1 2 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 29 1 Weekly earnings * (Standard) e m p lo y e e s $ 95 and under $100 r e c e iv e th e ir j r e g u la r $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 3 4 10 4 1 2 s t r a ig h t -t im e 3 s a la r ie s and th e e a r n in g s corresp on d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u rs . Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n , G r e e n B a y , W i s ., A u g u s t 1 963) O c c u p a t io n an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of Average weekly j earnings1 (Standard) O c c u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n 20 — n> C l e r k s , p a y r o l l s ----$ 5 8 .0 0 M a rm fa rt.n r i n g ... .. ” "5573 6'" N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g N n n m a n n fa e h ir in g 58 56 28 1 0 4 .5 0 9 6 .6 6 1 1 1 .0 0 M a n n fa r t n r in g M n m n a m if a rh ir ir ig r 119 4$ 71 7 3 .0 0 " 7 4 .3 6 7 2 .0 0 C l e r k s , f i l e , c .la s s C N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 17 15 5 2 .0 0 artnfa rfn r ir 21 15 8 8 .5 0 8 6 .5 0 C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s A .. ------------------------------------------ M a n u fa c tu r in g .. . .... ................. ......... S e c r e ta r ie s N n n m a n i if a c t n r in g P u b lic u tilitie s 2 . . S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l -----------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g . ___ _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __ — P u b lic u tilitie s 2 E a r n i n g s r e l a t e t o r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y s a l a r i e s th a t a r e p a i d f o r s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . Average weekly ^ earnings (Standard) 45 26 19 18 $ 8 3 .5 0 7 9 .5 6 8 9 .5 0 9 1 .0 0 73 29 5 6 .0 0 5 9 .5 0 106 70 36 16 8 6 .0 0 8 9 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 9 2 .0 0 65 38 27 16 7 0 .5 0 6 9 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 7 8 .5 0 O c c u p a tio n a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n _ _ Number of earnings1 (Standard) O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — C o n t in u e d O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — C o n t in u e d O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s N n n m a r m fa r tn r in g Number of S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 16 16 $ 5 9 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 _ .. 32 20 7 2 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 c la s s B 22 9 2 .5 0 62 43 19 5 9 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 29 1 2 5 .0 0 _ S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , T y p is t s , c la s s B M a n u fa c t u r in g .......... P r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s D r a fts m e n , s e n io r 6 Table -A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Green Bay, Wis. , August 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ 1 .7 0 Average hourly . and earnings U n d e r $ 1 .7 0 u n d er $ 1 .8 0 Number of workers O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ------------—---------------- — — 15 $ 2 . 50 E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e __ . . . ______ — _ — M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------ 47 32 2 .7 8 2 .7 4 39 2o 2 .8 0 2 .5 1 E n g i n e e r s , s t a t i o n a r y ____ M a n u f a c t u r i n g — __ __ _____ __ ------- __ __ — _ - F i r e m e n , s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r ________________ _________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------------------- 44 -------2 5 2 .4 5 l A o .. $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2.90 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 1 - - 2 2 2 2 1 _ _ " “ “ 4 4 _ ■ “ 2 1 ' 1 ------1------ ! 3 _ ■ 1 3 ' “ 2 2 _ _ _ _ " 1 1 M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e __ ______________________- — ______ _____ ______— M a n u fa c tu r in g _ _ 48 47 2 .9 0 2. 89 _ M e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t i v e ( m a i n t e n a n c e ) -----------------— - — ----------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------P u b lic u t il it ie s 1 2 - — __ __ — - 67 60 41 2 .8 4 2 .8 8 3 .0 0 _ _ - - M e c h a n i c s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___________________ —-----------M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ _ __ ___ _ — — --------- 87 67 “ “ _ 2 _ - - - " 2 .6 9 2767 _ _ ■ _ _ - 4 4 1 “ ” 4 4 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 16 “ “ _ . _ ~ " " 15 15 6 6 13 13 ! _ - - 10 10 3 3 2 13 13 8 11 9 9 " - 2 2 1 1 11 . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " " ~ “ P a i n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e __ ------------- _ M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------------------- 21 20 2 . 53 2 . 56' 22 ------ Z2----- 2 .8 3 2 .8 3 2 1 1 2— _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ ~ " " ” “ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 Excludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. 2 Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. 5 5 2 2 " ____ — __ ------ 1 1 9 9 . _ ------ 9 3 3 3 2 .4 7 2750 _ — 10 10 ” 1 1 30 ------- Z2------ _ — 3 ■ " O ile r s _________ __ ___ ____ — — - ------- — M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------------- P i p e f i t t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____ __ . _ . --------------- --------- --------__ — _ ---------- ------- 5 _ 4 2 1 j 1 9 2 “ “ 2 2 “ 12 _ _ _ - _ - _ 1 _ 4 “ “ “ " _ _ _ _ _ ” “ * “ 4 4 3 3 1 _ 22 22 22 - “ - ' “ 2 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ - - - _ ' " 2 . 92 2792 — ------— ___ _ 3 3 _ 2 2 55 55 M i l l w r i g h t s ---------M a n u fa c tu r in g 1 6 1 _ l l 6 6 ” 11 _ 3 * 1 1 6 2 6 2 _ _ _ 15 13 1 1 15 14 11 10 15 10 _ _ _ ~ ” “ 1 1 1 1 19 19 25 25 3 3 6 6 _ 6 6 4 4 _ _ _ _ " " ■ _ > 1 " “ 1 .9 9 4 4 _ 6 6 10 10 _ " _ l l 1 1 _ _ _ “ " ■ _ _ _ “ ■ " ■ _ _ _ _ ” " - _ _ 7 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Green Bay, Wis., August 1963) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n at workers G u ard s and w a tch m eru — M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............... W a t c h m e n ... . _ _ ... - . J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , an d c l e a n e r s (m e n ) M a n u f a c t u r i n g .... „ ......... . . . _ ................ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 3 ------------------_. J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , (w o m e n ) . M a n u fa c t u r in g and c le a n e r s ._ _ . L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d l i n g --------------- ---------- ---------M a n u fa c t u r in g -........... . N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 3. O rd er fille r s ... M a n u fa c tu r in g _ R e c e iv in g c le r k s T r n e .k d r i v e r s 4 ... _ .... .... _ _ ... _ ............ ...... . N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g . ._ ...... _ T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d i u m ( l 1^ t o a n d in c l u d i n g 4 t o n s ) M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................. ................. . T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s, t r a i l e r t y p e ) . .. ............. N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g .. . T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ..... M a n u fa c t u r in g . _ 1 2 3 4 _ ............. .. $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 - 1 1 - 55 49 33 $ 1 .9 0 1 .9 5 1 .9 5 190 l4 6 44 25 2 .1 3 2 .1 7 1 .9 8 2 .1 0 31 21 1 .6 6 1 .8 3 438 263 175 45 2 .3 9 2 .2 5 2 .6 0 2 .6 4 - 2 - 4 4 " “ - _ _ _ ! - - - " - " 1 1 2 1 2 2 6 ~ _ _ _ - - - ~ " . 2 2 2 5 2 3 2 14 12 2 2 25 22 3 _ 8 8 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " 18 18 10 _ - - - " - - " - 13 6 7 3 67, 63 2 2 41 32 9 8 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ “ 8 6 2 2 - “ - - - " 2 2 7 7 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 6 5 1 120 100 20 19 19 _ 1 - 82 6l 21 21 31 28 3 3 _ 9 3 2 1 3 3 _ 1 1 _ _ - 8 8 - 8 7 1 _ - - 6 6 - 29 29 - ■ - " - " - - - - “ 2 2 2 2 - - - " 19 2 .4 4 287 59 228 170 2 .7 7 2 .2 2 2 .9 1 3 .0 1 - - - _ _ - - “ - 1 25 41 2 .6 8 - - - - - " - “ " - 95 85 2 .8 5 2 .9 5 - 272 237 2 .3 9 2 .3 6 1 - 1 - 1 - - - - “ “ " - _ . . Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except where otherwise indicated. E xcludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, Tran sportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. Includes a ll d r iv e r s r eg a r d le ss of size and type of truck operated. 13 11 7 9 _ _ 4 '4 4 3 3 3 - - " - 3 1 2 .3 4 2 .2 1 89 59 ............ $ 1 .0 0 Average hourly , and Armings under _ - . and late shifts. - 4 25 ------2 F " ------ 4 “ 2 . 2 2 - 2 2 3 2 _ i 2 2 2 2 11 - 13 13 _ T T _ ~ 10 io “ _ _ 6 4 _ _ _ - - - - " - " --- 1 8 21 16 56 56 2l 164 1 163 1 63 _ - $ 26 _ 2 - 2 " - - ---- T ~ - - - 2 2 - - - . - 24 — ^ r~ 2 2 _ - - - _ 1 - - - 19 19 4 2 2 17 12 5 - _ _ 20 To 10 11 8 3 16 138 118 1 - 4 _ 13 2 2 _ _ - 4 2 _ - “ _ " 105 1 2 3 2 1 6 27 — nr _ 105 _ 3 2 1 1 ' - - 3 2 2 _ — 3 _ 19 _ _ _ - 6 _ 9 _ 9 11 — ~T~ 7 7 26 - _ _ _ - - - 9 9 17 2 _ 12 12 26 76 1 49 49 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because o f this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu reau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssifie d by type o f machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record o f business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution o f debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (hilling machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in v oices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry o f necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number o f carbon copies o f the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set o f records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. B iller, machine (bookkeeping m achine).U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types o f sales and credit slip s. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 9 10 CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and closin g journal entries; and may direct cla ss B a c counting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple co s t accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and book keeping principles but is found in office s in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A , In an established filing system containing a number o f varied subject matter file s, cla ssifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records o f various types in con junction with the file s. May lead a small group o f lower level file clerks. Class BmSorts, cod es, and files u nclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly cla ssifie d material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service file s. CLERK, ORDER R eceives custom ers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f customer, acknowledge receipt o f orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and d is tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type o f clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance o f other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Class C 9 Performs routine filing o f material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily cla ssified in a simple serial cla ssifica tion system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ica l). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service file s. Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies o f typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file o f used sten cils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 11 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C lass A , Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application o f coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. C lass B# Under clo s e supervision or following sp e cific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follow s specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain file s, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerica l tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree o f stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge o f general busi ness and office procedures and o f the sp ecific business operations, organization, p o licie s, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup file s; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, e tc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. 12 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who a lso act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATO R-Continued Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e tc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part o f this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety o f tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and com plex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production of a group o f tabulating-machine operators. Class B# Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually o f a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation o f the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specia lized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make cop ies o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerica l work involving little specia l training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A. Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spellin g, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class BmPerforms one or more o f the follow ing: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol ic ie s , etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 13 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN DRAFTSMAN —Continued Leader. Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Inter preting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. Senior. Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cr o s s-s e ctio n s , etc., to s ca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength o f materials, beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units o f com plete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe cia lized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. Junior (assistant). Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types o f drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be come ill or suffer an accident on the premises o f a factory or other estab lishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Givingfirst aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* in juries; keeping records o f patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carry ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu ation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel fare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPEN TER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made o f wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 14 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair o f equipment for the generation, d is tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any o f a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay outs, or other sp ecification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties o f lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind o f work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that, are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation o f one or more types o f machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction o f machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; using a variety o f pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to se le ct proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or o il burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts o f mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety o f ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping o f metal parts to clo s e toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; knowledge o f the working 15 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties o f the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers o f gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs autom obiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors o f an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or d efective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making n ecessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually a c quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the follow ing: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of. mechanical equipment o f an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an e s tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge o f surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty .or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sisten cy. In general, the work o f the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out o f work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written sp ecification s; cutting various s iz e s of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 16 PIPE FITTE R , MAINTENANCE—Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and s iz e of pipe required; and making standard types o f sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, die work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work o f the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system o f an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation o f vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the follow ing: Planning and lay ing out all types o f sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other sp ecification s; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written sp e cifica tio n s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating o f machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assem bling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selectin g appro priate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tio n . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an o ffice building, apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those o f starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine p olice duties, either at fixed p ost or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity o f em ployees and other persons entering. 17 PACKER, SHIPPING JANITOR, PO RTE R, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office , apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance serv ices; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who sp ecia lize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp e cific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size , and number of units to be packed, the type o f container employed, and method o f shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge o f various items o f stock in order to verify content; selection o f appropriate type and size o f container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow • ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks,or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. sible for incoming shipments o f merchandise or other materials. ping work involves: routes, Ship- A knowledge o f shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records o f the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file o f shipping records. direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work involves: May R eceiving Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: R eceiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 18 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers9 houses or places o f business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssifie d by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type o f truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds o f premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available Upon Request— The fourth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1387, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1963» 40 cents a copy. Occupational Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available upon request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402, or from any of the BL»S regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number Price 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 40 1345-75 1385-2 25 cents 20 cents Omaha, Nebr. —Iowa____________________________ Pater son—Clifton—Passaic, N. J_________________ Philadelphia, Pa. —N. J 1________________________ Phoenix, A r iz __________________________________ Pittsburgh, Pa 1________________________________ Portland, Maine________________________________ Portland, Oreg. —Wash_________________________ Providence—Pawtucket, R. I. —Mass 1___________ Raleigh, N. C___________________________________ Richmond, V a __________________________________ 1345-12 1345-7 6 1345-31 1345-57 1345-40 1345-24 1345-73 1345-70 1345- 1 1345- 19 20 20 30 20 25 20 25 25 20 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Rockford, 111___________________________________ St. Louis , Mo. —I ll1____________________________ Salt Lake City, Utah 1___________________________ San Antonio, Tex 1______________________________ San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, Calif______ San Diego, Calif 1----------------------------------------------San Francisco—Oakland,Calif 1__________________ Savannah, Ga ___________________________________ Scranton, P a___________________________________ Seattle, Wash 1__________________________________ 1345-55 1345- 17 1345-25 1345-78 1345-9 1345-10 1345-34 1345-60 1345-5 1345-4 20 25 25 25 20 25 25 20 15 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux Falls , S. Dak____________________________ 1345-13 South Bend, Ind________________________________ 1345-52 Spokane, Wash 1________________________________ 1345-66 Toledo, Ohio 1___________________________________ 1345-51 Trenton, N. J 1__________________________________ 1345-29 Washington, D. C. —Md. —Va1____________________ 1345-16 Waterbury, Conn_______________________________ 1345-49 Waterloo, Iowa 1________________________________ 1345-20 Wichita, Kans 1_________________________________ 1345- 11 Worcester, M ass_______________________________ 1345-80 York, P a_______________________________________ 1345-41 20 20 20 20 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N .Y 1-.____________________________ 1345-30 1345-50 1345-64 1345-61 1345-58 1345-8 1345-65 1345-54 1345-14 1345-28 25 25 20 20 20 25 30 20 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Des Moines, Iowa________________________ Detroit, Mich 1_________________. __________ Fort Worth, Tex 1_________________________ Green Bay, W is__________________________ Greenville, S. C __________________________ Houston, T e x _____ . ______________________ 1345-21 1345-18 1345-35 1345-32 1345-42 1345-47 1345-27 1385-4 1345-68 1345-82 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 20 20 25 Indianapolis, Ind_________________________ Jackson, M iss___________________ -________ Jacksonville, Fla 1________________________ Kansas City, Mo. —Kans__________________ Lawrence—Haverhill, Mass. —N. H ----------Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark--------Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif 1_________ Louisville, Ky. —Ind 1_____________________ Lubbock, Tex_____________________________ Manchester, N. H ---- ------ . ----------------------Memphis, Tenn________________________ — 1345-26 1345-43 1345-39 1345-22 1345-77 1385-3 1345-62 1345-48 1345-72 1385-1 1345-36 25 20 25 25 20 20 30 25 20 20 25 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Price 1345-33 1345-59 1345-38 1345-69 1345-46 1345-37 1345-44 1345-79 1345-81 1345-53 1345-63 1345-45 1345-71 1345-23 1345-67 1345-56 1345-74 1345-15 Dallas, T ex1______________________________ Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—1111. Bulletin number Miami, F la___-_________________________________ Milwaukee, Wis 1_______________________________ Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn 1___________________ Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich____________ Newark and Jersey City, N. J __________________ New Haven, Conn_________________________ _____ New Orleans , La 1______________________________ New York, N . Y 1_______________________________ Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va 1________________ ______________ _— Oklahoma City, Okla ________________________ — Akron, Ohio_______________________________ Albany-Schenectady—Troy, N. Y ---------------Albuquerque, N. M e x _____________________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a.—N. J___ Atlanta, Ga. Baltimore, Md 1__________________ ______ Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x ___________ Birmingham, A la____ -____________ _____ Boise, Idaho_________-__________________ Boston, Mass 1_____ „____________________ Canton, Ohio______________________________ Charleston, W. V a ________________________ Charlotte, N. C . Chattanooga, Tenn. —Ga 1--------------------------Chicago, 1111. Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky___________ Cleveland, Ohio 1____________ _ Columbus, Ohio 1_________ _____ Area cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 20 cents 20 cents 25 cents 25 cents 25 cents 25 cents 20 cents 25 cents 25 cents 2-0 cents 20 cents
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