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Occupational Wage Survey COLUMBUS, OHIO JANUARY 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-38 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner New Eaglttd Region 18 Oliver Street Boston 10, Mass. Liberty 2-2115 Occupational Wage Survey C O L U M B U S , O H IO JANUARY 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-38 March 1961 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page C o m m u n ity W ag e S u r v e y P r o g r a m T h e B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t ic s r e g u l a r l y c o n d u cts a r e a w id e w a g e s u r v e y s in a n u m b e r of im p o r t a n t i n d u s t r ia l ce n te rs. T h e s t u d ie s , m a d e f r o m la t e f a l l to e a r l y s p r in g , r e la t e to o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f it s . A p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t i s a v a ila b le on c o m p le t io n of the stu d y in e a c h a r e a , u s u a lly in th e m o n th fo llo w in g the p a y r o l l p e r io d s tu d ie d . T h i s b u lle t in p r o v id e s a d d it io n a l d a ta n ot in c lu d e d in th e e a r l i e r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a t e d a n a l y t i c a l b u lle t in s u m m a r iz in g th e r e s u l t s of a l i of the y e a r ’ s s u r v e y s i s is s u e d a f t e r c o m p le t io n of the f in a l a r e a b u lle t in f o r the c u r r e n t ro u n d of s u r v e y s . T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ff ic e in C h ic a g o , 111. , b y W o o d ro w C . L in n , u n d e r the d ir e c t io n of G e o r g e E . V o ta v a , A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l D i r e c t o r f o r W a g e s and I n d u s t r i a l R e la t io n s . In t ro d u c t io n 1 T a b le s : 1. E s t a b l is h m e n t s an d w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e of s u r v e y _____________ A: O c c u p a t io n a l e a r n i n g s :* A - 1. O f fic e o c c u p a tio n s ________________________________________ A - 2. P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t i o n s _________ A - 3. M a in te n a n c e an d p o w e rp la n t o c c u p a tio n s ______ A - 4. C u s t o d ia l an d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a tio n s B: E s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d s u p p le m e n t a r y w ag e p r o v i s i o n s :* B - l. S h ift d if f e r e n t ia ls ___________________ B - 2. M in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o ff ic e w o r k e r s ___________________________________________________________________ B - 3. S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s _____________________________________________ B - 4. P a id h o lid a y s _____________________________________________________________ B - 5. P a id v a c a t io n s __________________________________________________________ B - 6. H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p l a n s ___________________________ A p p e n d ix : O c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r ip t io n s ______________________________________________ * N O TE: S i m i l a r ta b u la t io n s f o r th e s e an d o th e r it e m s a r e a v a ila b le in the r e p o r t s f o r s u r v e y s in o th e r m a jo r are a s. A d ir e c t o r y in d ic a t in g d ate of stu d y an d the p r ic e of the r e p o r t s i s a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t . U n io n s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e of p r e v a ilin g p a y l e v e l s in the C o lu m b u s a r e a a r e a v a ila b le f o r the fo llo w in g t r a d e s o r i n d u s t r i e s : B u ild in g c o n s t r u c t io n , p r in t in g , l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t in g e m p lo y e e s , an d m o t o r t r u c k d r i v e r s an d h e l p e r s . 2 oo -a o^ ^ The 10 11 11 12 13 15 17 Occupational W age Survey—Columbus, Ohio Introduction T h is a r e a i s one of s e v e r a l im p o r t a n t i n d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s in w h ic h th e U . S . D e p a r tm e n t of L a b o r rs B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t ic s h a s co n d u cte d s u r v e y s of o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d w ag e b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . In t h is a r e a , d a ta w e r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s of B u r e a u f ie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s t a b lis h m e n t s w it h in s i x b r o a d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s : M a n u fa c tu r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n , 1 c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o le s a le t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r i n d u s t r y g ro u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s e s tu d ie s a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a t io n s an d the c o n s t r u c t io n an d e x t r a c t iv e i n d u s t r ie s . E s t a b l is h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r of w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d a ls o b e c a u s e th e y f u r n is h i n s u f f ic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a tio n s s tu d ie d to w a r r a n t in c lu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , s e p a r a t e ta b u la t io n s a r e p r o v id e d f o r e a c h of th e b r o a d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e co n d u cte d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s . T o o b ta in a p p r o p r ia t e a c c u r a c y a t m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t io n of la r g e th a n of s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s i s s tu d ie d . In c o m b in in g the d a ta , h o w e v e r , a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t. E s t im a t e s b a s e d on th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e la t in g to a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e in d u s t r y g ro u p in g and a r e a , e x ce p t f o r th o s e b e lo w the m in im u m s i z e s tu d ie d . O c c u p a t io n s an d E a r n in g s T h e o c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e co m m o n to a v a r i e t y of m a n u f a c t u r in g an d n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g i n d u s t r ie s . O c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s if ic a t io n i s b a s e d on a u n if o r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t o f in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u tie s w it h in the s a m e jo b . (S e e a p p e n d ix f o r l is t in g of th e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s .) E a r n i n g s d a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e A - s e r i e s t a b le s ) f o r th e fo llo w in g ty p e s of o c c u p a t io n s : (a) O f f ic e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l; (c) m a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e rp la n t ; an d (d) c u s t o d ia l an d m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t. la t e s h if t s . N o n p ro d u c tio n b o n u se s a r e e x c lu d e d a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b o n u se s and in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s a r e in c lu d e d . W h e re w e e k ly h o u rs a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w o r k s c h e d u le s (ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r) f o r w h ic h s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r i e s a r e p a id ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r th e s e o c c u p a tio n s h a v e b e e n ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e e a r n in g s of m e n and w o m e n a r e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s in w h ic h both s e x e s a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d . D if f e r e n c e s in p a y l e v e l s of m e n and w o m e n in th e s e o c c u p a tio n s a r e l a r g e l y due to ( 1) d if f e r e n c e s in the d is t r ib u t io n of the s e x e s am on g in d u s t r ie s and e s t a b lis h m e n t s ; ( 2) d if f e r e n c e s in s p e c if ic d u tie s p e r fo r m e d , alth o u g h the o c c u p a tio n s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e ly c l a s s i f i e d w ith in the s a m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip t io n ; and ( 3) d if f e r e n c e s in le n g th of s e r v ic e o r m e r i t r e v ie w w h e n in d iv id u a l s a l a r i e s a r e a d ju s te d on th is b a s i s . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v i c e of m e n w o u ld r e s u l t in h ig h e r a v e r a g e p a y w hen both s e x e s a r e e m p lo y e d w ith in the s a m e r a t e r a n g e . Jo b d e s c r ip t io n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e m p lo y e e s in th e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l l y m o r e g e n e r a liz e d th an th o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s to a llo w f o r m in o r d if f e r e n c e s am o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c d u tie s p e rfo r m e d . O c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a t e s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s w it h in the s c o p e of the stu d y and not the n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d if f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s t r u c t u r e am o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s , the e s t im a t e s of o c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m th e s a m p le of e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f the jo b s s tu d ie d . T h e s e d if f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e do not m a t e r i a l l y a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y of the e a r n in g s d ata . E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s and S u p p le m e n ta r y W age P r o v i s io n s In f o r m a t io n i s p r e s e n t e d a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c t e d e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f it s a s th e y r e la t e to o ff ic e and p la n t w o r k e r s . T h e t e r m " o ff ic e w o r k e r s , " a s u s e d O c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s d a ta a r e sh o w n f o r in t h is b u lle t in , in c lu d e s w o rk in g s u p e r v i s o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o s e h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d w o r k e r s p e r f o r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la t e d fu n c t io n s , and e x c lu d e s a d m in u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n i n g s d a ta e x c lu d e i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t iv e , an d p r o f e s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. " P la n t w o r k e r s " i n p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and clu d e w o r k in g f o r e m e n an d a l l n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in c lu d in g le a d m e n and t r a in e e s ) e n g ag ed in n o n o ffic e f u n c t io n s . A d m in is t r a t iv e , 1 R a i lr o a d s , f o r m e r l y e x c lu d e d f r o m the s c o p e of th e s e s t u d ieesx, e c u t iv e , and p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t io n e m p lo y e e s who a r e u t iliz e d a s a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . w e r e in c lu d e d in a l l of the a r e a s s tu d ie d s in c e J u ly 1959, e x c e p t B a l t i C a f e t e r ia w o r k e r s and r o u te m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u f a c t u r in g in d u s m o r e (S e p te m b e r 1959 an d D e c e m b e r I 960), B u f f a lo ( O c t o b e r 1959), t r i e s , but a r e in c lu d e d a s p la n t w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s t r ie s . C le v e la n d (S e p te m b e r 1959), and S e a tt le (A u g u s t 1959). 2 T able 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s within scope of su rv e y and num ber studied in C olu m b u s, O hio, 1 by m a jo r in du stry d iv isio n , 2 January 1961 Industry d iv isio n A ll d iv ision s _______________________________________________________ M an ufacturing --------------------------------------------------------------------------------N on m anufacturing _________________________________________________ T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c om m u n ic ation , and other public u tilitie s 5 ______________________________________ W h o lesa le tra de ________________________________________________ R e ta il tra de ____________________________________________________ F in a n c e, in su ra n ce , and r e a l estate ______________________ S e r v i c e s 7 ___________________________.____________________________ M in im um em ploym en t in e s t a b lis h m en ts in scope of study N u m b er of esta b lish m en ts W ithin scope of study 3 W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts Within scope of study Studied Studied T otal 4 O ffice Plant T o t a l4 50 44 4 140 1 1 1 , 100 2 1 ,4 0 0 66, 100 75 , 270 50 50 183 261 64 76 60 , 400 50, 700 8, 400 13, 000 4 0 , 900 25, 200 4 3 , 170 3 2 ,1 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 34 54 86 42 45 20 10 20 12 14 13, 700 4, 600 1 6 ,8 0 0 7, 600 8, 000 3, 000 5, 800 (*) ( ) ( ) ( 6) (‘ ) ( ) ( ) ( 6) 10, 1, 9, 5, 5, 650 380 660 200 210 1 The C olu m bus Standard M e trop olitan S ta tistica l A r e a (F ra n k lin County). The "w o r k e r s within scope of stu d y " e stim a te s shown in this table p rovide a rea so n a b ly accu rate d esc rip tio n of the siz e and c o m p o sitio n o f the lab or fo r c e included in the su rv e y . The e stim a te s a re not intended, h ow ever, to se r v e as a b a sis of c o m p a r iso n with other a r e a em ploym en t in dexes to m e a su r e em ploym en t trend s or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of wage su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the u se of e sta b lish m en t data co m p iled c o n sid e r a b ly in advance of the p a y r o ll p erio d studied, and (2) sm a ll esta b lish m en ts are exclu d ed fr o m the scope of the su rv e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d edition of the Standard In d ustrial C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e sta b lish m e n ts by in d u stry d iv isio n . M a jo r changes fr o m the e a r lie r edition (u sed in the B u r e a u s la b o r m a rk et w age su rv e y s conducted p r io r to July 1958) a r e the tr a n s fe r of m ilk p a ste u riz a tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d c on crete e sta b lish m e n ts fr o m trade (w h olesale or retail) to m an ufacturin g, and the tr a n s fe r o f radio and te le v isio n b r oad castin g fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Includes a ll e sta b lish m e n ts with total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the area) of c om p an ie s in such in d u strie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tio n -p ic tu r e th e a te rs a re co n sid e r e d as 1 esta b lish m e n t. 4 Includes ex ec u tiv e, p r o fe s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s exclu d ed fr o m the sep arate o ffic e and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s an d s e r v i c e s in c id e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n w e r e e x c lu d e d . 6 T h is in du stry d ivision is r e p r e se n te d in e stim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s. S eparate p resen tation of data for this d ivision is not m ade for one or m o r e of the follow in g r e a so n s: (1) E m p loym en t in the d iv isio n is too sm a ll to provide enough data to m e r it sep arate study, (2) the sam p le w as not d esign ed in itia lly to p erm it sep arate p resen tation , (3) r e sp o n se w as in su fficie n t or inadequate to p e r m it sep arate p resen tation , (4) th ere is p o ssib ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual e sta b lish m e n t data. 7 H o tels; p erso n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; au tom obile r e p a ir sh ops; m otion p ictu r e s; nonprofit m e m b e r sh ip o rg a n iza tio n s; and en gin eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . 3 S h ift d if f e r e n t ia l d a ta (ta b le B - l ) a r e lim it e d to m a n u f a c t u r in g in d u s t r ie s . T h is in f o r m a t io n i s p r e s e n t e d both in t e r m s of (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s of to ta l p la n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t, and (b) e ff e c tiv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n t e d on the b a s i s of w o r k e r s a c t u a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c if ie d s h if t at th e tim e of the s u r v e y . In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g v a r ie d d if f e r e n t ia ls , the am o u n t a p p ly in g to a m a jo r it y w a s u s e d o r , if no am o u n t a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y , the c l a s s if ic a t io n " o t h e r ” w a s u s e d . In e s t a b lis h m e n t s in w h ic h s o m e l a t e s h ift h o u rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d if f e r e n t ia l w a s r e c o r d e d o n ly if it a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y of the s h if t h o u r s . M in im u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s (ta b le B - 2) r e la t e o n ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n t s v is it e d . T h e y a r e p r e s e n t e d on an e s t a b lis h m e n t , r a t h e r th an on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s i s . P a i d h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a t io n s ; and h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s is th a t th e s e a r e a p p lic a b le to a l l p la n t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m a j o r i t y of s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y e v e n t u a lly q u a lif y f o r the p r a c t ic e s l is t e d . S c h e d u le d h o u rs a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s is th at th e s e a r e a p p lic a b le to a l l p la n t o r o ff ic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y a r e c o v e r e d . 3 B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l it e m s in th e s e ta b u la tio n s m a y not e q u a l t o t a ls . T h e f i r s t p a r t of th e p a id h o lid a y s ta b le p r e s e n t s the n u m b e r of w h o le and h a lf h o lid a y s a c t u a lly p r o v id e d . T h e seco n d p a rt c o m b in e s w h o le and h a lf h o lid a y s to sh o w to ta l h o lid a y t i m e . ita a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n planw h ich at l e a s t a p a r t of the c o s t i s b o rn e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x c e t ... g o n ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n t s s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t ir e m e n t . S u c h p la n s in c lu d e th o s e u n d e r w r it t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y and th o s e p r o v id e d th ro u g h a u n io n fund o r p a id d i r e c t l y b y th e e m p lo y e r out of c u r r e n t o p e ra tin g fun d s o r f r o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r t h is p u r p o s e . D e a th b e n e fits a r e in c lu d e d a s a f o r m of lif e in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e i s lim it e d to th at ty p e of i n s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ic h p r e d e t e r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s is d u r in g i l l n e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . In f o r m a t io n i s p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s u c h p la n s to w h ic h the e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s . H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k and N e w J e r s e y , w h ic h h a v e e n a c te d t e m p o r a r y d is a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e la w s w h ic h r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s , 4 p la n s a r e in c lu d e d o n ly i f the e m p lo y e r ( 1) c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e th an i s le g a ll y r e q u ir e d , o r ( 2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fit s w h ic h e x c e e d the r e q u ir e m e n t s of the la w . T a b u la tio n s of p a id s i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e lim it e d to f o r m a l p la n s 5 w h ic h p r o v id e f u ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t io n of the w o r k e r ' s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e of i l l n e s s . S e p a r a t e ta b u la tio n s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to ( 1) .p la n s w h ic h p r o v id e f u ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d , and ( 2) p la n s p r o v id in g e it h e r p a r t i a l p a y o r a w a itin g p e r io d . In a d d itio n to the p r e s e n t a t io n of the p r o p o r t io n s of w o r k e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r p a id s i c k le a v e , an u n d u p lic a te d to ta l is sh o w n of w o r k e r s who r e c e i v e e it h e r o r both ty p e s of b e n e f it s . T h e s u m m a r y of v a c a tio n p la n s i s lim it e d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s , e x c lu d in g in f o r m a l p la n s w h e re b y tim e off w ith p a y is g ra n te d at the d is c r e t io n of the e m p lo y e r . S e p a r a t e e s t im a t e s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in co m p u tin g v a c a t io n p a y m e n t s , s u c h a s tim e p a y m e n t s , p e r c e n t of a n n u a l e a r n in g s , o r f la t - s u m a m o u n ts . H o w e v e r , in the ta b u la tio n s of v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p a y m e n ts not on a tim e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r te d ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t of 2 p e r c e n t of a n n u a l e a r n in g s w a s c o n s id e r e d a s the e q u iv a le n t of 1 w e e k 's p a y . C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e , s o m e t im e s r e f e r r e d to a s e x te n d e d m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in c lu d e s th o s e p la n s w h ic h a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e of s ic k n e s s and i n j u r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s b e yo n d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e of h o s p it a liz a t io n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g i c a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le te o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t of d o c t o r s ' f e e s . S u c h p la n s m a y be u n d e r w r it t e n b y c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p ro fit o r g a n iz a t io n s o r th e y m a y be s e l f - i n s u r e d . T a b u la tio n s of r e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim it e d to th o se p la n s th a t p r o v id e m o n th ly p a y m e n t s f o r th e r e m a in d e r of th e w o r k e r 's l i f e . 2 A n e s t a b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s id e r e d a s h a v in g a p o lic y if it m e t e it h e r of the fo llo w in g c o n d itio n s : ( 1) O p e ra te d la t e s h if t s a t the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r ( 2) h ad f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la t e s h if t s . 3 S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u rs f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s ( f i r s t s e c t io n of ta b le B - 3) in s u r v e y s m a d e p r i o r to J u l y 1957 w e r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s of the p r o p o rt io n of w o m e n o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o f f ic e s w ith the in d ic a t e d w e e k ly h o u rs f o r w o m e n w o r k e r s . 4 T h e t e m p o r a r y d is a b i l i t y la w s in C a li f o r n i a and R h o d e Is la n d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s . 5 A n e s t a b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s id e r e d a s h a v in g a f o r m a l p la n if it e s t a b lis h e d at l e a s t the m in im u m n u m b e r of d a y s o f s i c k le a v e th a t co u ld be e x p e c te d b y e a c h e m p lo y e e . S u c h a p la n n e e d n ot be w r it t e n , but in f o r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e t e r m in e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s i s , w e r e e x c lu d e d . A* Occupational Earnings 4 'luu'iv A-l. O ffice Occupations (Average straight-time weekly h earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry ^v ision, Columbus, Ohio, January 1961) Avebaos Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ 45. 00 $ 50. 00 $ 55. 00 s 60. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 Weekly Weekly 40. 00 and hours 1 (Standard) (Standard) u n d er t 65. 00 70. 00 $ * $ $ $ S $ $ * $ $ $ 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 120. 00 125. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 and over 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . oo 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 Men Clerks, accounting, class A __________ Manufacturing ______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 81 53 28 4 0. 0 4 0. 0 40. 0 $ 98.5 0 102.30 9 1.50 - - - - Clerks, accounting, class B __________ Manufacturing _______________________ 45 23 3 9 .5 39. 5 8 0.00 8 1.00 3 " " Clerks, order __________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 103 59 44 4 0. 0 4 0. 0 40. 0 9 9.50 102 .50 96.00 - - - - - - 6 6 - Clerks, payroll ________________________ 26 4 0. 0 9 2 .0 0 - - - 4 1 - Office boys _____________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 88 33 55 4 0. 0 40. 0 3 9 .5 5 9.00 6 5.50 5 5.50 1 1 13 3 10 25 4 21 13 3 10 11 5 6 8 6 2 Tabulating-machine operators, class A Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 74 32 42 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 5 106.50 111.50 102.50 - _ - _ - . - - - . - - - - - - Tabulating-machine operators, class B Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 107 47 60 3 9 .5 4 0. 0 39. 0 9 1 .0 0 9 6.00 8 7.5 0 - - - - - - - - Tabulating-machine operators, class C Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 53 39 3 9 .5 39. 5 7 6.50 7 7.00 - _ 3 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 2 1 1 18 12 6 8 4 4 10 5 5 11 6 5 4 1 3 4 3 1 7 :------- 5 2 3 3 - 1 - 7 3 6 5 6 6 6 4 _ - 4 - _ - 3 3 2 - 4 4 3 - - - 2 2 6 6 11 6 5 2 1 1 3 3 - 8 5 3 2 1 1 12 3 9 6 6 - - - 4 4 1 - 4 4 2 2 10 8 2 3 2 1 _ - _ - _ _ - - 3 3 - _ - 1 1 - 13 5 8 " - 4 3 1 20 5 15 9 1 8 21 6 15 4 1 7 7 11 11 11 3 5 4 - 5 5 - 6 6 - 7 7 - _ _ _ - - - 21 8 13 5 4 1 7 7 - 2 12 9 3 1 2 1 3 1 _ _ . . _ _ _ - - _ _ - - - - - - - 5 1 4 12 12 7 1 6 7 5 2 13 4 9 6 5 1 7 7 - 12 4 8 12 7 5 16 10 6 5 5 - 5 3 2 2 2 - _ _ 1 1 - 5 5 1 1 - 1 1 _ . _ - " ' " Women 1 - - 20 14 3 1 5 3 2 2 6 r 3 3 2 1 - - - - 3 3 31 31 10 10 2 2 2 2 2 - _ _ _ _ _ _ - 1 1 - - - - _ - _ - 4 4 11 4 7 19 19 2 2 2 2 32 15 17 9 9 - _ - . - _ - _ - - 4 4 - - - - - 45 45 66 1 65 35 3 32 46 4 42 53 18 35 7 4 3 17 6 11 2 2 6 6 - _ 2 2 1 1 - - - 1 1 - - - - 21 4 17 25 9 16 35 8 27 41 15 26 8 5 3 28 26 2 6 5 1 - - - 25 2 23 _ - 17 17 - 10 65 21 44 1 107 23 84 3 93 44 49 2 55 21 34 4 30 16 14 5 23 5 18 9 8 1 1 5 1 4 3 2 1 1 1 5 5 5 - _ - - Billers, machine (billing machine) _____ Manufacturing _________________________ 44 25 39. 0 38. 5 6 6.50 6 4.00 Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine) Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 51 49 4 0. 0 40. 0 5 9.0 0 5 8.0 0 . Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 83 28 55 4 0. 0 3 9 .5 40. 0 73.00 8 0.5 0 6 9.0 0 - Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 300 48 252 40. 0 4 0. 0 40. 0 59.0 0 7 3.5 0 5 6.0 0 19 19 Clerks, accounting, class A _____________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ 216 74 142 4 0. 0 3 9 .5 4 0. 0 8 2.00 88^50 7 8.50 _ - _ - - - Clerks, accounting, class B _____________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilities 3 ___________________ 465 145 320 27 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0. 0 6 4.50 68.0 0 6 3.00 7 8.00 _ - 40 _ 40 31 5 26 2 See footnotes at end of table - - - 2 - _ - - _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ - - - - - 10 _ - _ _ _ - . - . - - - _ _ . _ _ _ _ 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , C o lu m b u s , O h io , J a n u a ry 1961) Avbbagb S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly Weekly, hours earnings (Standard) (Standard) $ 4 0 . 00 and u n d er 4 5 . 00 t t 50. 00 t 55. 00 i o . 00 65. 00 $ 70. 00 $ 75. 00 $ 80. 00 I s . 00 * 9 0 .0 0 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105. 00 1 1 0 .0 0 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 4 5 . 00 $95. 00 1*00. 00 1*05. 00 n o . 00 H 5 . 00 1*20. 00 1*25. 00 and over W o m e n — C on tin u ed _ - _ “ _ - 16 1 15 7 1 6 9 4 5 25 18 7 23 5 18 8 3 5 1 1 3 2 1 50 00 00 50 9 5 4 - 140 11 129 - 84 16 68 2 41 8 33 5 104 33 71 13 28 24 4 4 25 15 10 9 8 5 3 - 3 3 - _ - _ - 39. 5 39. 0 72. 50 72. 50 _ _ _ " 17 17 4 4 14 3 31 6 5 3 18 18 11 11 200 108 92 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 7 3. 50 76. 50 70. 00 _ - 5 5 11 5 6 7 4 3 32 10 22 31 21 10 32 22 10 23 7 16 19 14 5 236 98 138 39. 5 39. 5 40. 0 71. 50 81. 00 64. 50 _ - 4 4 20 20 42 13 29 33 7 26 26 9 17 27 9 18 22 9 13 11 11 - 39. 5 62. 50 - 5 2 6 11 6 3 5 1 - - 39. 39. 39. 4 0. 66. 72. 62. 73. 50 50 00 00 1 1 - 30 30 " 51 12 39 - 53 15 38 1 86 31 55 5 78 44 34 8 38 14 24 10 15 5 10 - 31 20 11 6 10 7 3 2 9 7 2 2 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 51. 50 53. 50 50. 00 18 6 12 10 4 6 21 9 12 9 1 8 _ _ _ “ 4 2 2 - - 3 3 - _ _ - - 6 6 - 19 6 13 - 53 3 50 8 144 56 88 4 123 32 91 2 184 49 135 2 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A _____________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ 92 34 58 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B _____________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 ___________________________________ 4 42 117 325 33 39. 39. 40. 40. C l e r k s , o r d e r _____________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ______________ _________________________ 103 64 C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ___________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ C o m p to m e t e r o p e r a t o r s _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ________________ __________________ 39. 5 38. 5 40. 0 5 0 0 0 $ 7 1 . 50 74. 00 70. 50 55. 6 l. 54. 63. - D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s (M im e o g r a p h o r D itto) _________________________________ 39 K eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s ______________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g __________ _____________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 __________________________________ 425 179 246 34 O ffic e g ir ls ____________________________ __________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ 65 25 40 S e c r e t a r ie s ______________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 ___________________________________ 1 ,2 7 8 464 814 91 39. 40. 39. 40. 5 0 5 0 8 4. 87. 82. 93. 00 00 50 50 S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _________ _________________________ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 ___________________________________ 499 244 255 109 40. 40. 40. 4 0. 0 0 0 0 75. 81. 70. 7 2. 50 50 00 50 _ - 1 1 - 4 3 1 1 34 4 30 18 64 19 45 13 88 16 72 10 80 33 47 24 S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ___________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------- --------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________________________________ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 ___________________ ______________ 150 44 106 37 40. 39. 41. 40. 5 5 0 0 69. 73. 67. 79. 00 50 00 00 1 1 - 18 18 - 19 6 13 1 2 2 - 17 5 12 1 24 12 12 4 S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t i o n is t s ____________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _________________ _____________________ __ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ______ ____________________________ 181 75 106 39. 5 4 6 .0 39. 5 64. 00 6 7. 00 61. 50 - 6 6 27 5 22 34 13 21 43 20 23 25 39. 0 85. 00 _ _ . _ _ T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta ble, ______________ 5 5 5 0 _ - . - _ - _ - - . - - _ - _ - _ _ _ - . - - - - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 2 2 _ 1 “ _ . " - 13 ------ 1 7 13 6 7 9 8 1 2 2 _ - _ - 3 3 - _ - 7 3 4 15 12 3 15 11 4 8 8 - 6 -------6 ■ _ - _ " _ - _ - - - - - - - - 20 20 - 3 3 - - - - " - - " - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - " - - - - - - - 138 30 108 8 161 50 111 14 133 59 74 10 133 98 35 4 94 55 39 10 42 18 24 15 21 4 17 4 18 2 16 9 5 2 3 - 4 4 1 46 23 23 13 44 21 23 21 47 43 4 4 58 57 1 1 12 8 4 4 13 9 4 " 5 5 - _ 3 3 - 20 1 19 11 11 1 10 4 7 4 3 1 15 3 12 10 7 1 6 5 8 8 - 1 1 - _ . _ _ _ - - - - - 23 11 12 19 11 8 12 7 5 12 5 7 2 2 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 3 1 2 - - - - - - - 2 7 1 2 1 7 1 4 _ _ _ _ _ - - " _ _ - - “ 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Columbus, Ohio, January 1961) Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division Avsbaox NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly Weekly hours 1 earnings1 (Standard) (Standard) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ s $ $ $ 40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 n o . oo 115.00 120.00 125.00 and ~ " “ “ ~ “ under 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 n o . oo 115. 00 120,00 125.00 over - Women— Continued 80 40. 0 $ 72. 50 - - - - 2 26 Transcribing-machine operators, general Manufacturing _ ................. _ ................ Nonmanufacturing 208 72 136 39.5 39. 5 39. 0 65. 00 68. 50 63. 50 _ _ 12 12 11 11 29 7 22 62 15 47 34 17 17 Tvpists. class A ...... Manufacturing _ _ Nonmanufacturing _ Public utilities 3 268 98 170 25 39. 40. 39. 40. 5 0 5 0 70. 78. 65. 67. 00 00 50 50 - 10 10 11 ------ 1 10 16 2 14 6 34 8 26 7 919 222 697 69 39. 39. 39. 40. 5 5 5 0 59. 6$. 56. 68. 00 00 00 50 3 3 “ 176 1 175 " 189 13 176 1 170 26 144 9 156 47 109 16 Tabulating-machine operators, class C . . ... . ... . _ .... Tvpists. class B .... . . . _ _ . Manufacturing ______________________________________ Nonmanufacturing Public utilities 3 ............................................................ 13 - 3 4 - _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 28 8 9 1 8 5 5 6 3 3 _ _ 3 1 2 1 1 _ _ . - . - . - - 101 36 65 2 31 5 26 7 21 7 14 1 14 10 4 1 9 9 - 8 fi - 6 6 - - 6 6 - 1 1 1 - - _ - 96 45 51 19 40 29 11 6 61 42 19 13 19 19 - 3 3 1 2 2 “ 4 4 4 “ ■ " - - _ 32 - 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 Workers were distributed as follows; 9 at $ 125 to $ 130; 2 at $ 130 to $ 135; 1 at $ 135 to $ 140. 3 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Columbus, Ohio, January 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Average Sex, o cc u p a tio n , and in d u str y d iv is io n Number of workers $ $ '$ ! $ $ $ Weekly j 60. 00 65 . 0 0 170. 00| 75. 0 0 18 0 .0 0 85. 00 90. 00 5 9 5 .Oo'lOO.OOjl0 5.0 0 110 .00 115.00; 120.00 125.00i$130 .00 $1 3 5 .00|S14 0.00*145.00 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 l6 0 .O o jl6 5 .0 0 Weekly, hours 1 earnings and (Standard) (Standard) und er - i “ 1 65. 00 70 , Q0 75. 00 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 90. 00 95. 00 100.001105.00)110.00 115 .00 120 .00 125.00 130 .00 135 .00 140 .00 1 45 .00)150.00 155.00 160.00 1 6 5 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 1 M en D r a ft s m e n , le a d e r . ................... 35 4 0. 0 $ 12 8.0 0 .......................................... 402 225 4 0. 0 40. 0 D r a fts m e n , ju n io r M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g __ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 __________________ 181 92 89 34 40. 4 0. 40. 40. D r a fts m e n , s e n io r M a n u fa ctu rin g T ra cers ................................................................. _ _ _ ] _ _ _ 113.00 114.50 87.00 89.00 85.00 8 1.50 4 4 4 2 2 - 60 40. 0 8 2 .0 0 37 3 57 47 4 0. 0 4 0. 0 91.00 92.00 _ 1 i _ 29 - 5 5 - 6 6 14 2 12 6 20 16 4 4 30 i'7 13 7 29 11 18 7 50 15 35 3 12 11 1 1 1 5 5 27 9 3 1 8 5 8 8 13 13 7 4 6 6 - 0 0 0 0 _ I 1 i 6 . _ 3 11 " | i 70 17 48 33 69 40 65 50 64 25 15 | 14 ! 12 12 - 6 6 - 2 I - - 2 2 _ 7 6 , 3 2 9 i 1 2 19 14 3 - 4 2 2 -------2 1 - - | I 2 j - . ~ | ~ | - - - - _ _ . _ - 1 1 3 2 1 1 - . “ _ - - _ - - - - _ _ _ _ . _ “ ~ “ - _ i W om en N u r s e s , in d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) .............. M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________ ____ “ 1 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Includes 6 workers at $50 to $55. _ ■ ~ 7 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r m e n in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , C o lu m b u s , O hio, J a n u a ry 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ 2. 75 2. 74 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .0 0 C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n ce ______________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g --------------- --------------------------------- 70 51 E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n ce --------------------^-----------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------ 260 214 46 2. 93 2 .9 5 2. 85 _ - . - - - E n g in e e r s , s ta tio n a ry ----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------ 104 52 52 2. 73 2. 96 2. 49 _ - - - - - “ F ir e m e n , st a t io n a r y b o il e r -------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------- ---------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------ 169 93 76 2. 34 2. 50 2. 15 13 3 10 _ - H e lp e r s , t r a d e s , m a in ten a n ce -------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 103 70 2. 24 2. 19 1 1 _ M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m -----------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 273 249 2. 94 2. 98 _ _ M a c h in is ts , m a in ten a n ce -----------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 193 182 3. 08 3. 10 M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e (m a in ten a n ce) ------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------------P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 __________________________ 322 84 238 169 2. 2. 2. 2. M e c h a n ic s , m a in ten a n ce ----------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------ 188 146 42 2. 64 2. 63 2. 68 72 68 74 77 - i | 2 .0 Q _ .2, IQ : j 1 1 4 — _ _ 7 3 4 . , - I 3 3 _ - 1 1 - i 7 2 5 16 _ | 16 21 17 4 12 4 8 2 9 9 - 15 9 5 4 4 3 1 6■ 1 6 2 _ 12 12 11 11 - . _ _ _ _ “ 1 1 . 6 ! i j 4 1 ...9 j _ - 6 6 4 _ - - - " 4 ■ 1 ! 1 12 28 25 22 3 l I j 1 i i 1 - _ _ 3 .. i ! 2 | 35 9 26 6 6 - 2 2 - 8 7 2 2 5 1 4 1 1 1 i 8 6 " i - ; 7 7 j - - - i - ! 4 4 10 - 2 .7 0 Z, - - i 60 2 .4 0 j_2 .5 0 - 6 6 - - $ 2. 60 - - - ;$ i 2. 50 _ - - i 2-. 3Q j$ ;$ 2. 30 2 .4 0 10 - - $ 2. 20 $ j 2 - 70 1$ 2. 80 $ I$ 2. 90 3. 00 $ 3. 10 2. 90_. ; 3 . 0 0 J 3. 10 2. 80 . $ 3. 20 S 3. 30 $ 3. 40 $ 3. 60 and 3. 5Q_. i.J.,6.0. . o v e r _ 3. 20... .3. 3CL- .3, 40 $ 3. 50 j _ - - _ - 1$ 2 .0 0 . - - - $ 1 .9 0 r\i Average $ hourly 1 1. 50 earnings and u n d er 1. bn o Number of workers o O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n ! | 5 j 2 - i ! . l i | 5 2 1 1 ; | 3 - 11 6 5 22 21 1 - 14 j 8 ! 6 ! ! 16 15 16 12 4 7 7 ‘ 9 9 5 3 i 1 _ ! 5 3 ! 15 15 1 39 25 i 65 , 60 : 5 i ! 5 j 5 - , 23 ! 23 - ! 17 ! 2 15 55 55 1 1 20 16 4 _ - 2 _ - - 2 1 1 1 _ - 9 9 - 4 4 - _ - 2 _ _ _ _ i 14 16 15 1 [ 1 1 4 1 , 5 | - 1 1 - . - . - 4 4 - - ~ - . - . - . - . - - - - - _ . . . j I - - - - - - - - - - - 36 35 43 43 20 20 1 28 28 44 44 4 4 . . 5 5 80 80 - - ' - - - 1 “ I 4 4 1 14 14 14 14 48 48 15 14 i 4 9 5 4 l 63 18 45 35 116 17 99 74 22 4 18 15 - 5 5 5 6 6 - - - - - - ' 8 8 _ - 1 1 . - . - . - “ - ' 36 36 - - - - _ _ _ . 7 4 3 3 15 10 5 3 16 1 15 12 57 16 41 | 21 13 13 “ i 29 I 29 1 - 9 5 4 1 1 17 12 5 3 1 2 26 22 4 34 20'. 14 33 33 “ - 1 - 60 59 6 3 3 - ; 6 5 1 - 6 1 i i I( 9 9 ~ 1 M illw rig h ts ---------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 181 180 2. 77 2. 77 O ile r s _____________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 80 79 2. 41 2. 41 _ P a in t e r s , m a in te n a n ce ---------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 55 38 2. 67 2. 83 P ip e fit t e r s , m a in ten a n ce _______________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 102 93 - - _ _ _ _ 4 - - 3. 00 2. 96 _ _ - - - S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a in ten a n ce _ _________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 45 37 2 .9 6 3. 05 _ T o o l and die m a k e r s ------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------- 507 495 3. 22 3. 23 _ _ 3 3 26 26 30 30 21 21 12 12 17 16 - 8 8 _ . _ _ _ - _ - 3 3 2 2 17 | 17 18 18 9 9 10 9 20 20 5 - _ _ _ - 5 3 3 3 2 - _ - 2 2 2 2 _ . - 3 3 1 1 15 15 _ _ _ _ _ - 5 1 4 - - - _ _ _ 3 1 _ _ - _ _ _ E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 14 14 - - _ 1 1 1 1 - _ 13 13 | _ _ _ _ 9 9 2 - | - - - - - - - 8 8 9 8 1 1 _ . 1 - 14 13 1 1 14 14 10 10 1 1 3 3 4 4 9 9 _ . - - 17 14 53 51 71 71 42 40 8 2 - 7 46 46 _ - 1 - _ 5 _ . . - - - 20 20 _ . . . - - - - 35 35 36 36 210 22 22 210 _ 8 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , C o lu m b u s , O hio, J an u a ry 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS! OF— O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u str y d iv is io n E le v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (w om en ) ______ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------ ------------------ J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s (m en ) ----------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ of workers hourly earnings 89 89 $0. 99 .9 9 193 177 2. 34 2. 37 1, 525 839 686 127 1 .6 9 1 .8 8 1 .4 7 1 .8 7 i $ 0. 80 $ 0. 90 $ 1 .0 0 u n d er . 90 1 .0 0 1. 10 54 54 s "" S S S $ !$ $ 13> 1. 10 | 1. 20 J 1. 30 |1 .4 0 j 1. 50 | 1 .6 0 j 1. 70 | 1 .8 0 1 1 ; , 1 .2 0 ' 1. 30 ' 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 . 1 1 .9 0 i 1 1 18 18 _ _ 7 7 5 5 _ , - - - - - 5 5 18 _ 27 107 _ 18 _ 27 107 5 62 18 44 _ 127 42 85 - i 137 ! 84 ! 53 | 12 J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s (w om en ) -----M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ 196 82 114 1. 36 1. 53 1. 24 - 1 L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l handling ___________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ ■Pnhlir n ti 1i H s 3 1, 567 938 629 187 1 .9 5 2. 07 1 .7 7 2. 23 - O r d e r f i l l e r s ______________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ 807 308 499 2. 10 2. 20 2. 03 P a c k e r s , shipp ing (m en ) _______________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------ 250 183 67 1 .9 5 2. 08 1 .6 0 21 21 1 28 28 52 , 43 : 9 | 1 1 1 4 4 - - _ _ 1 - _ 59 24 35 4 63 27 36 2 j 2 2 ! " 90 29 61 4 ; ! 41 4 I 37 | ! 5 ; ! 6 4 2 ! 1 j 54 ! 5 ! 49 ! - 84 14 70 1 ! 86 1 36 50 6 70 35 35 10 2! | - | 34 1 33 ! 1 i 1 3 | 2 1 1 - !8 1 .9 0 j i 2. 10, ' " - 2 ' 9 4 15 14 - - j$ iS ;$ 2. 00 | 2. 10 2. 20 2.. 00 185 165 135 ! 115 50 50 I 34 5 10 ' 1 10 ' - 89 75 14 5 70 65 5 1 j ! ; ; ' - ' 16 15 155 1 155 133 | 107 22 1 48 45 6 i 4 4 1 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 40 $ 2. 50 2 . 2 Q ; 2^3_Q_ 2 .4 0 . 2 . 5Q„ i 1 j 7 7 " $ 2. 60 - - 1 - 1 - 18 13 29 29 ; ! 54 53 > . , - ; 45 35 : 10 2 74 71 3 3 15 15 _ $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 2. 6Q_. ,2. 70. . 2..8Q__ 2 . qo - - 44 44 . _ _ _ $ 2. 90 and .ov er. - - - - . _ . _ _ - | 5 5 ■ - - - - . - ' • " * - - ' 317 245 72 22 82 65 17 17 50 11 39 io 238 196 42 | 17 22 13 9 47 12 35 35 12 7 5 5 30 30 - “ - 9 9 " 3 3 10 10 13 13 " ■ ‘ - - 3 3 - - 15 2 13 : - 1 - i j P a c k e r s , sh ipp in g (w om en ) _____________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________ R e c e iv in g c l e r k s _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ 70 70 194 104 90 1 .6 1 1. 61 2. 15 2. 06 2. 25 i _ j— : — i j - - - — - - - - 6 ! 6 ! - f i 1 ! - - " 6 j 6 - i ! j . . " I 70 ! 3 - 6 2 2 2 1 ! i 21 32 j 11 ! 21 ! - Shipping and r e c e iv in g c l e r k s M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ 149 70 79 2. 15 2. 19 2. 11 - - 70 56 14 9 ! : | i 52 1 51 37 7 30 i 29 24 5 22 22 23 15 8 55 55 I i 1 - i i 46 30 432 !1 16 j 40 34 6 118 8 110 174 111 63 85 85 " 124 124 8 8 " 15 15 “ 4 4 “ 34 34 3 2 1 15 15 15 15 2 2 - 18 18 3 3 21 L3j 8 l 30 - - 1 45 15 15 34 34 " ~ " 1 1 " - - - " 1 1 1 - 3 3 10 10 4 3 1 20 19 1 24 24 " 6 5 1 6 2 4 25 13 12 35 12 23 24 18 6 5 1 4 10 2 8 3 3 1 1 1 1 7 6 1 22 13 9 2 2 20 9 11 16 11 5 8 3 5 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 8 8 7 4 3 26 14 12 20 1 19 22 12 10 5 5 11 11 16 10 6 11 1 10 24 9 15 _ _ _ 3 3 1 ' 2. 23 2. 22 2. 24 72 48 24 3 1 :— : ■ 100 66 34 70 ' [ _ Shipping c l e r k s ---------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------- See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . 90 90 6 13 5 8 8 - - - - - 6 6 - - - 4 4 - - ---- ^ - - 3 - 9 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , C o lu m b u s , O h io , J a n u a ry 1961) NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN INGS OF— O cc u p a tio n 1 and in d u str y d iv is io n Number of workers Average hourly , earnings $ 0. 80 and u n d er . 90 $ 0 . 90 $ 1. 00 1. 00 1. 10 1. 10 $ 1. 20 1. 20 1. 30 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1. 90 $ 2. 00 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 $ $ 2. 10 2. 20 $ $ $ $ 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 $ 2. 60 2. 70 $ 2. 70 2. 80 j$ 2. 80 | 2. 90 and $ over 2. 90 i T r u c k d r iv e r s 4 -------------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------------------P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 __________________________ 1 ,4 2 1 293 1 ,1 2 8 341 - - - - - - - - - - “ - 1 55 _ _ 75 10 41 25 16 1 31 20 11 6 19 1 24 10 14 " 56 34 22 18 27 13 14 3 193 22 171 39 98 8 90 40 10 10 - _ 10 ~ 1 1 1 1 _ 23 23 25 16 9 10 10 ' 4 4 1 1 20 19 1 6 5 1 8 7 1 3 3 . ' 10 52 21 10 11 6 15 19 6 13 " 27 6 21 18 7 4 3 3 $ 2 .4 0 2 .4 0 2 .4 0 2. 57 T r u c k d r iv e r s , lig h t (u n d er I V 2 to n s) --------M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ 148 To5” 42 2. 09 2. 28 1. 61 T r u c k d r iv e r s , m e d iu m ( I V 2 to and in clu d in g 4 to n s) _______________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------------P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 _________________________ 708 131 577 243 2. 31 2 .4 4 2. 28 2. 51 T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 t o n s , t r a il e r ty p e) -------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ___________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 _________________________ 421 31 390 40 2. 2. 2. 2. T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift) _______________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________ 1 _ . . . - - - - - 55 10 75 19 - 27 7 20 8 221 9 212 16 292 125 167 1 1 . - - 45 45 - “ " " 164 7 157 30 39 3 36 36 - 15 4 11 125 76 49 “ 18 6 12 2 " - 1 192 115 4 111 - - - - - 32 - - - 32 10 “ “ ■ _ " " " 52 10 16 9 7 1 60 59 60 76 - - - - - 22 - - - - - 4 4 9 9 2 2 1 1 40 - 2 2 - - - - - - 22 - - - - - - - - 40 - 1 " ' ■ " " " ~ ■ " " " _ " 192 16 576 428 148 2. 32 2. 31 2. 35 _ _ . . . 20 2 . 1 - - - - - - - - - " _ 20 2 ■ 1 14 13 1 5 5 " 5 4 1 T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (o th e r than fo r k lift ) _________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________________ 113 102 2. 03 2. 01 _ _ 36 36 _ 4 4 _ " W a tch m en ______________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ____________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________ 163 87 76 1. 59 1. 66 1. 50 6 13 7 6 3 18 11 7 1 2 3 4 5 “ _ _ _ _ _ _ " ■ " “ - _ - 11 10 1 36 10 26 5 2 3 21 19 2 6 4 2 3 53 10 10 D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and oth e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . In clu d es a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a te d . A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 0. 70 to $ 0. 80. 2 - - 2 6 " - 15 1 - 3 ~ “ - 17 6 11 . . - - _ “ ' 54 53 1 112 109 3 102 87 15 74 9 65 133 133 4 4 " " 40 1 39 18 18 3 3 32 24 13 13 3 4 4 _ _ “ 22 8 14 - 11 10 1 - - - - ' 224 4 220 199 " 6 6 147 1 - - 147 136 1 27 3 24 24 6 6 _ . ■ - - “ ■ _ _ “ ■ - - B : Establishment Practices and Supplementary W a g e Provisions Table B-l. Shift Differentials (Shift differentials of manufacturing plant w orkers by type and amount of differential, Columbus, Ohio, January 1961) Percent of manufacturing plant w orkers— In establishm ents having form al p ro v isio n s1 for— Shift differential Second shift work Total ______________________________________________ Uniform cents (per hour) 3 cents 4 5 6 7 rents rents rents rents rents 8 rents _ Q rents .... ........... . . _ ... 1 0 c ent s 11 rents 12 rents Third or other shift work Second shift Third or other shift 82. 7 15. 4 4. 1 88. 3 82. 1 15. 2 4. 1 53. 4 46. 7 9. 9 3. 1 89. 6 . . 5. 3. . 1. 17. 2. 11. 7 9 2 9 9 0 7 0 5 .7 .7 .5 1 .4 1 .7 3. 6 3. 4 8. 6 1.4 18. 4 3. 5 12*/» cents 13 cents ___________________________ 1 5 c ent s 16 cents Actually wo rking on— . . . . 1 1 7 8 _ 3. . 2. . . 6 3 5 2 7 .1 _ _ .3 .8 .5 1. 1 .9 4. 7 _ _ .8 2. 1 4. 7 _ - _ .2 ( 2) _________________ 27. 5 25. 1 4. 6 .5 __________________________ 10. 2 17. 3 .9 24. 2 .5 4. 1 ( 2) .4 8 hours' pay for hours' work 8 hours' pay for 7 hours' work _____ 1. 3 2. 2 2. 5 Other shift pay differential _________ 3. 9 7. 7 .4 .4 ________________ 1 .3 .7 .2 (2) Uniform percentage 5 percent 10 percent l^lz No shift pay differential .4 . 1 1 Includes establishm ents currently operating late shifts, and establishm ents with form al provisions covering late shifts even though they w ere not currently operating late shifts. 2 L e ss than 0. 05 percent. 11 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers ( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s o f i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , C o l u m b u s , O h io , J a n u a r y 1 961) I n e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts M a n u fa c t u r in g O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g M a n u fa c t u r in g N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g M in im u m w e e k l y s a l a r y 1 B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f- A ll i n d u s t r ie s E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d ie d _____________________________ _____ _______ E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m ________________ $ 4 0 . 00 a n d u n d e r $ 4 2 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 4 2 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 4 5 . 00 -----------------------------------------------------$ 4 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 7 . 5 0 ____________________________________ $ 4 7 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0. 00 -----------------------------------------------------$ 5 0. 00 a n d u n d e r $ 5 2. 50 ____________________________________ $ 5 2. 50 a n d u n d e r $ 5 5. 00 __________________________________ $ 5 5. 00 a n d u n d e r $ 5 7 .5 0 ____________________________________ $ 5 7. 50 a n d u n d e r $ 6 0. 00 ____________________________________ $ 6 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 2 .5 0 ____________________________________ $ 6 2. 50 a n d u n d e r $ 6 5 .0 0 -----------------------------------------------------$ 6 5 . 0 0 an d u n d e r $ 6 7 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 6 7 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 7 0 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 7 0 . 00 a n d u n d e r $ 7 2. 50 ____________________________________ $ 7 2 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 7 5 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 7 5 . 00 a n d u n d e r $ 7 7 . 50 _____________________________ _____ _ E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g no s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m --------------------E s t a b li s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s in t h is c a t e g o r y -------------------------------- ------- ------------------------------------ B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f— A ll s c h e d u le s 40 140 64 XXX 76 XXX XXX 140 64 XXX 76 XXX XXX 61 1 4 10 6 15 3 4 4 3 2 5 28 1 1 3 3 7 25 1 1 3 3 5 33 6 _ 1 _ 1 2 32 1 1 4 3 8 29 1 1 4 3 6 - _ 1 3 2 2 4 2 1 3 4 2 1 2 45 1 6 11 2 10 4 4 1 1 1 4 6 1 3 2 2 1 77 2 7 15 5 18 4 4 5 3 2 7 34 1 4 8 2 8 3 4 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 _ _ _ 3 18 3 12 3 . _ XXX 6 XXX 61 24 XXX 37 XXX _ A ll s c h e d u le s A ll in d u s t r i e s 3 8 3/4 A ll sc h e d u le s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s 40 3 8 3/ 4 40 _ 25 _ 2 6 2 6 3 3 1 1 _ _ _ 4 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 4 18 4 XXX 4 35 . _ XXX 17 XXX XXX XXX 28 14 XXX 14 XXX XXX - 3 7 3 8 3 3 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ L o w e s t s a l a r y r a t e f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d f o r h i r in g i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r t y p in g o r o t h e r c l e r i c a l j o b s . R a t e s a p p l ic a b l e t o m e s s e n g e r s , o f f i c e g i r l s , o r s i m i l a r s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s a r e n ot c o n s i d e r e d . H o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll w o r k w e e k s c o m b in e d , _ 1 2 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ a n d f o r th e m o s t c o m m o n w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d . Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , C o l u m b u s , O h io , J a n u a r y 1961) PLAN T W O RK ERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S W e e k ly h o u r s All industries * A ll w o rk e r s ________________________________________ U n d e r 3 7 V 2 h o u r s _________________________________ 3 7 V 2 h o u r s ----------------------------------- — --------------3 8 3/4 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------------4 0 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 4 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s ------------------------------48 h o u r s ____________________________________________ O v e r 4 8 h o u r s _____________________________________ 1 2 3 4 100 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 - 81 2 89 3 8 1 82 90 99 0 (4) _ 6 - 5 (4) 100 1 2 3 10 1 (4) 1 - 5 - 1 - 2 4 (4 ) ■ 1 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . Pu blic utilities 2 100 100 . - 100 M anufacturing 100 (4 ) (4) 1 All industries 2 - 97 - 3 - - 1 - 1 - 12 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Columbus, Ohio, January 1961) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS Item All industries* A ll w o r k e r s _ __ _ .... . . ........................... W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id h o l id a y s W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id h o l id a y s Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 100 92 96 98 1 1 - 8 4 2 59 29 5 3 33 1 7 33 2 9 1 29 29 29 1 _ 8 9 11 13 16 67 68 95 95 95 95 96 8 8 N um ber off d a y s L e s s th a n 5 h o lid a y s 6 h o l id a y s 6 h o l id a y s 6 h o l id a y s 7 h o l id a y s 7 h o l id a y s 8 h o l id a y s 9 h o lid a y s 5 h o l id a y s ... . . 1 51 2 3 31 (4) - 29 2 7 56 8 4 ( 4) 8 4 (4) 6 ■ 4 12 12 6 6 (4) . p lu s 1 h a lf d a y p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s _ p lu s 1 h a lf d a y . . . __________________________________________ - 1 (4) 27 1 12 40 3 13 25 1 64 _ 8 Total h o lid a y tim e 5 9 days _______________________________________________ 8 o r m o r e d a y s _____________________________________ 71/ 2 o r m o r e d a y s _________________________________ 7 o r m o r e d a y s ____________________________________ 6V 2 o r m o r e da y s 6 o r m o re days 5 o r m o re days 3 o r m o r e d a y s . ... 2 o r m o re days 1 o r m o re days 1 2 3 4 5 no half 46 48 98 99 99 99 99 . 69 70 99 99 99 99 99 88 92 100 100 100 100 100 51 52 85 88 89 90 92 72 73 98 98 98 98 98 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. L ess than 0. 5 percent. All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. 13 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Columbus, Ohio, January 1961) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Vacation policy All industries* A ll workers -------------------------------------------------------- 100 Manufacturing 100 Public utilities2 All industries^ Manufacturing Public utilities2 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 98 87 10 1 99 81 16 2 100 100 - 2 1 “ 12 8 4 1 20 2 3 ~ _ 7 _ 89 1 8 2 M e th o d o f p a y m o n t W orkers in establishments providing paid vacations ________________________________ Length-of-tim e payment ___________________ Percentage payment -----------------------------------F lat-su m payment __________________________ Other ________________________________________ W orkers in establishments providing no paid vacations _____________________________ 99 99 (4 ) (4 ) 99 99 (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) 1 ' Am ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 5 After 6 months of service Under 1 week ___________________________________ 1 week -----------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks _____________________ 2 weeks __________________________________________ 3 47 11 (4 ) 7 47 3 (4 ) 4 (4 ) 28 (4 ) 72 " (4 ) 18 _ 93 (4 ) 6 1 74 5 17 (4 ) (4 ) 79 8 11 " - (4 ) 52 14 32 (4 ) 54 23 22 “ - ' - 2 After 1 year of service Under 1 week ___________________________________ 1 week ___________________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks _____________________ 2 weeks __________________________________________ 3 weeks _________________________________________ - 81 " ~ After 2 years of service Under 1 week __________________________________ 1 week ___________________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks _____________________ 2 weeks __________________________________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks _____________________ 3 weeks __________________________________________ (4 ) 9 2 89 (4 ) (4 ) 9 - 90 " 24 12 64 (4 ) ~ 0 (4 ) - 59 - 38 1 2 After 3 years of service Under 1 week ___________________________________ 1 week ___________________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks _____________________ 2 weeks __________________________________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks _____________________ 3 weeks __________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table, (4 ) 1 - 98 (4 ) (4 ) 1 - 98 - _ 100 (4 ) (4 ) 23 21 52 2 (4 ) (4 ) 26 33 37 3 _ - 97 1 2 14 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by v ac atio n pay p r o v is io n s , C o lu m b u s, O hio, January 1961) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS V a c a tio n p o lic y All industries 1 A m ount of v a c a tio n A fte r 1 O 2 O 3 p a y 5— All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e (4) - (4) - 96 1 2 95 4 (4 ) 65 2 32 (4 ) 71 2 25 _ 100 (4 ) ■ 6 1 82 6 3 5 2 78 10 4 5 54 13 25 4 56 21 18 _ _ 97 1 2 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 2 O 3 4 w e e k ______________________________________________________ w e e k s ________________________________ _________________ v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___________________________ w e e k s ____________________________________________________ w e e k s __ ________________________________________________ 1 2 3 O 4 w e e k ______________________________________________________ w e e k s _____________________________________________________ w e e k s ____________________________________________________ v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s -------------- _ ------------------___________________________________________________ w eeks 1 2 3 O 4 w e e k ______________________________ ________________ _____ w e e k s _________ ________________________________________ w e e k s ____________________________________________________ v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ___________________________ w e e k s _____________________________________________________ 1 2 3 O 4 O w e e k ______________________________________________________ w e e k s _____________________________________________________ w e e k s _____________________________________________________ v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s -----------------------------------------w e e k s ____________________________________________________ v e r 4 w e e k s ____________________________________________ A fte r Public utilities 2 C o n tin u e d w e e k _____________________________________________________ v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------------w e e k s ____________________________________________________ v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___________________________ w e e k s ____________________________________________________ A fte r Manufacturing - _ 51 1 48 “ (4) _ 5 16 75 2 " _ 58 3 37 2 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e (4) 19 80 (4) 7 92 - - - 3 97 " (4 ) _ 91 - 5 14 58 2 6 19 _ _ 4 6 87 3 98 _ " 2 - A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e (4) 18 68 - (4) 7 79 - 14 13 (4 ) 18 49 - (4) 7 66 - - 5 14 47 1 31 2 22 4 82 29 3 4 6 73 3 14 _ _ 83 17 A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 2 3 4 5 s e r v ic e 3 15 2 4 6 63 2 21 3 _ 28 - 72 In clud es data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n c e, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilit ie s . In cludes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b itr a r ily ch o se n and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the in dividu al p r o v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the chan ges in p r op ortion s in dicated include chan ges in p r o v isio n s o c c u r r in g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . N O T E : In the tabu lations o f v ac atio n a llo w a n c e s by y e a r s of s e r v ic e , p aym en ts other than "le n g th o f t i m e " an equ ivalent tim e b a s is ; fo r e x a m p le , a paym ent o f 2 p ercen t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n sid e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. such as p erc en ta g e o f annual e a rn in g s or f la t -s u m at 10 y e a r s ’ p a y m e n ts, w ere co n v e rte d to 15 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s em p loyed in esta b lish m e n ts providin g h e a lth , in su r a n c e , or pen sion b en efits , C o lu m b u s, O h io , Janu ary 1961) OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS T yp e o f ben efit All industries * A ll w o r k e r s ________________________________________ 100 Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries3 100 100 100 Manufacturing Public utilities2 100 100 75 W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g: L ife in su ran ce _________________________________ A cc id e n ta l death and d ism e m b e r m e n t in su ran ce ______________________________________ S ick n ess and accid en t in su ra n ce or s ic k le a v e or b o th 4 _________________________ 90 96 87 86 96 62 83 53 69 80 64 79 86 97 84 92 75 S ick n ess and a ccid en t in su ra n ce _______ S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w aiting p eriod ) ___________________________ S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay or w aiting p eriod ) ___________________________ 43 75 35 70 86 38 46 44 51 13 10 24 17 8 45 11 6 37 H o sp ita liza tio n in su ra n ce ___________________ S u r g ic a l in su ran ce ____________________________ M e d ic a l in su ran ce ____________________________ C ata strop h e in su ra n ce _______________________ R e tire m e n t p en sion ___________________________ No h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , or p en sion plan ___ 81 81 51 57 78 5 88 88 48 55 80 2 72 72 63 90 86 85 85 43 34 66 5 89 89 43 34 75 1 76 76 51 75 78 1 Includes data fo r w h o lesa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n c e , in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . 2 T r a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilit ie s . 3 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tr a d e , r e t a il t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 Unduplicated total of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g sic k le a v e or s ic k n e ss and accid en t in su ran ce shown se p a r a te ly b elo w . S ic k -le a v e p lans are lim ite d to th ose w hich d e fin ite ly e s ta b lis h at le a s t the m in im u m n um ber of d a y s ' pay that can be ex p e cted by each e m p lo y e e . In fo r m a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n ces d e term in ed on an in divid u al b a s is a re ex clu d ed . 17 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a s s is t its field staff in cla ssifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essen tial in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E B IL L E R , MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE O P E R A T O R Prepares statem ents, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E lliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. B ille r , machine (h illin g machine ) — U se s a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, E lliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc ., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandum, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. B ille r , machine (bookkeepin g m achine)— U s e s a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, E lliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on custom ers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sa le s and credit s lip s . C la s s A — Keeps a set of records requiring -a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sh eets, and other records by hand. C la s s B — Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping • P hases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or a s s is t in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. C L E R K , ACCOUNTING C la s s A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an esta b lish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 18 C LE R K , ACCOUNTING— Continued CLERK, PA Y R O LL payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocation s. May a s s is t in preparing, ad justing and clo sin g journal entries; may direct c la s s B accounting clerks. Class B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. Computes wages of company em ployees and enters the n e ce s sary data on the payroll sh eets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a s s is t paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COM PTOM ETER O P E R A T O R Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of sta tis tical or other type o f clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. C L E R K , F IL E Class A DUPLICATING-M ACHINE O P E R A T O R (MIMEOGRAPH OR D IT T O ) Class B Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilitie s, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare sten cil or Ditto master. May keep file of used sten cils or Ditto m asters. May sort, co llate, and staple completed material. — In an establish ed filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , c la s s ifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may a lso file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with file s or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the fi le s . May per form incidental clerical duties. — Performs routine filin g, usually of material that has already been cla ssifie d or which is ea sily identifiable, or locates or a s s is t s in locating material in file s . May perform incidental clerical duties. C LE R K , ORDER R eceives custom ers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve Quoting prices to custom ers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled , keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. any combination of the following: KEYPUNCH O P E R A T O R Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilitie s, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. O F F IC E B O Y OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. 19 SEC RE TAR Y Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice; answering and making phone c a lls ; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GEN ERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May a lso type from written copy. May a lso set up and keep file s in or der, keep simple records, etc. D oes not in clu de transcribing-m achine work (se e transcribing-machine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TE C H N IC A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep file s in order, keep simple records, etc. D oes not in clu d e transcribing-m achine work . SWITCHBOARD O P E R A TO R Operates a sin g le- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office c a lls . May record toll ca lls and take m e ssag es. May give information to per sons who ca ll in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD O P E R A TO R -R E C E PT IO N IST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE O P E R A TO R C la s s A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo se supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. A s a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. D oes not in clu de working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C la s s B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically in volves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May a lso include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. C la s s C — Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE O P ER A TO R, GEN ERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. 20 T Y P IS T T Y P IS T — Continued U ses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of s te n c ils , mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing processes. May do clerical work involving little sp ecia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. C la s s A — Performs one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for co rre ct spelling, syllabication, punc- tuation, e t c ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated sta tistic a l tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. C la s s B — Performs one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o lic ie s, e tc .; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N I C A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (A ssistan t draftsman) Draws to sca le units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. U ses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketch es, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LE A D E R Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting blueprints, sk etch es, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a s s is t subordinates during emergencies or a s a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and tru sse s; verifying com pleted work, checking dim ensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing sp ecification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (RE G ISTE R ED ) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bina tion o f the fo llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of a ll personnel. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR TRACER Prepares working plans and detail drawings from n otes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur p o se s. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, c ro ss-sectio n s, e t c ., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such*as those Copies plans and drawings prepared by oth ers,by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p en cil. U ses T-square, com pass, and other drafting to o ls. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 21 M A IN T E N A N C E D POW ERPLANT C A R P E N T E R , MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATION ARY B O ILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, ca sin g s, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power to o ls, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials nec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. F eeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, g as, or oil burner; checks water and safety v a lv es. May clean, oil, or a s s is t in repairing boilerroom equipment. E L E C T R IC I\ N , MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for tfye generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May a lso supervise these operations. Head or c h ie f engineers in establish m ents em ploying more than one engineer are e xclu d e d . H E L P E R , TR A D E S, MAINTENANCE A s s is t s one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp ecific or general duties of lesser sk ill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and to o ls; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assistin g worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are a lso performed by workers on a full-time b a sis. MACHINE-TOOL O P E R A TO R , TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fixtures, or d ies. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feed s, sp eeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, tc dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssification . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 22 MACHINIST, M AINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT— Continued operating standard machine too ls; shaping of metal parts to clo se toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assem bling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to str e sse s, strength of materials, and .centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selectin g standard too ls, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, bu ses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting v alv es; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle andmaking necessary adjustments; alining w heels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making a ll necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary du ties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and in stalls machines or^ heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishm ent. PA IN TE R , MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w a lls, woodwork, and fixtures of an e s tablishment. Work in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sisten cy. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. P IP E F IT T E R , MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, g a s, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various s iz e s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ie s; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet sp ecification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers prim arily engaged in in sta llin g and repairing building san itation or heating system s are e xclu d e d . 23 TO O L AND DIE MAKER PLUM BER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-M ETAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, in sta lls, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and lay ing out a ll types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other sp ecification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installing sh eetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop too ls, gauges, jig s, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and a llo ys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, sp eed s, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qu alities; working to c lo se tolerances; fitting and assem bling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow an ces; selecting appropriate materials, too ls, and pro cesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssific a tio n . C U STO D IA L AND M A TE R IA L MOVEMENT E LE V A T O R O P E R A T O R , PASSENGER JANITOR, P O R T E R , OR C LE A N E R — Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishm ent. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance serv ices; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who sp ecialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In clu d e s gate- men who are sta tio n ed at gate and ch eck on id e n tity o f em ployees and other persons entering. JANITOR, P O R T E R , OR CLE A N E R (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) C leans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial L A B O R E R, M ATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the fo llo w in g: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 24 LA B O R E R , M ATERIAL HANDLING— Continued SHIPPING AND RECEIVING C L E R K — Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. , Longshoremen who load and unload ships are excluded . ORDER F IL L E R For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TR U CK D R IV ER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specification s on sales slips, customers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various tvpes of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded . PA C K E R , SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING C LE R K Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in voices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f siz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under lV2 ton s) Truckdriver medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver heavy (over 4 tons other than trailer type) , , , , TRU CK ER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type of truck, as follow s: , Trucker power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. * U .S . G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G O F F I C E : 1961 0 — 5 8 9 5 5 0 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys will be conducted in the 82 major labor markets listed below during late I960 and early 1961. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for 80 labor markets, combined with additional analysis, will be issued early in 1962. Akron, Ohio— Bull. 1285Albany—Schenectady—Troy, N .Y .— Bull. 1285Albuquerque, N. Mex.— Bull. 1285Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a .-N .J .— Bull. 1285-47 Atlanta, Ga.— Bull. 1285♦Baltimore, Md.— Bull. 1285-34 Beaumont—Port Arthur, T ex .— Bull, 1285Birmingham, A la.— Bull. 1285“ Boise, Idaho— Bull. 1285♦ ♦Boston, Mass.— Bull. 1285-15 ♦♦Buffalo, N.Y.— Bull. 1285-31 Burlington, Vt.— Bull. 1285♦Canton, Ohio— Bull. 1285-29 Charleston, W. Va.— Bull. 1285Charlotte, N .C.— Bull. 1285♦ ♦Chattanooga, Tenn.—Ga.— Bull. 1285-14 Chicago, 111.— Bull. 1285Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.— Bull. 1285♦♦Cleveland, Ohio— Bull. 1285-11 Columbus, Ohio— Bull. 1285-38 ♦♦Dallas, T ex.— Bull. 1285-21 ♦♦Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111.— Bull. 1285-16 Dayton, Ohio— Bull. 1285-41 ♦ Denver, C olo.-—Bull. 1285-27 Des Moines, Iowa— Bull. 1285*43 Detroit, Mich.— Bull. 1285-37 ♦♦Fort Worth, T ex.— Bull. 1285-23 ♦ Green Bay, Wis.— Bull. 1285-2 Greenville, S.C .— Bull. 1285Houston, T ex.— Bull. 1285♦ Indianapolis, Ind.— Bull. 1285-28 Jackson, M iss.— Bull. 1285-42 ♦ ♦Jacksonville, Fia.— Bull. 1285-30 ♦ Kansas City, Mo.—Kans.— Bull. 1285-18 Lawrence—Haverhill, Mass.—N.H.— Bull. 1285♦ ♦ Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark.— Bull. 1285-6 Los Angeles—Long Beach, C alif.— Bull. 1285“ Louisville, K y.-In d.— Bull. 1285-49 Lubbock, T ex.-—Bull. 1285♦ Manchester, N.H.— Bull. 1285-1 Memphis, Tenn.— Bull. 1285-35 ♦ Miami, F la.— Bull. 1285-33 Milwaukee, Wis.— Bull. 1285Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.— Bull. 1285-39 Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich.— Bull. 1285Newark and Jersey City, N.J.— Bull. 1285-40 New Haven, Conn.— Bull. 1285-46 New Orleans, L a.— Bull. 1285-48 New York, N.Y.— Bull. 1285Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va.— Bull. 1285♦ ♦ Oklahoma City, Okla.-—Bull. 1285-3 ♦♦ Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa— Bull. 1285-13 Paterson—Clifton—P assaic, N.J.— Bull. 1285♦ ♦ Philadelphia, Pa.— Bull. 1285-24 Phoenix, Ariz.— Bull. 1285- P ittsb u rg h , P a .— B u ll. 1 2 8 5 -4 4 ♦ P ortla n d , M aine— B u ll. 1285-19 P ortlan d , O r e g .—W ash.— B u ll. 1285P r o v id e n c e —P a w tu ck e t, R .I .—M a s s .— B u ll. 1285 ♦ ♦ R a le ig h , N .C .— B u ll. 1285-5 ♦ R ich m on d , V a .— B u ll. 1285-26 R o c k fo r d , 111.— B u ll. 1285♦ ♦ St. L o u is , M o.—111.— B u ll. 1285-10 ♦ ♦ Salt L ak e C ity , U tah— B u ll. 1285*32 San A n to n io , T e x .— B u ll. 1285♦ San B ern ard in o—R iv e r s id e —O n tario, C a l i f .— B u ll. 1 2 85-4 San F r a n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a l i f .— B u ll. 12 8 5 -3 6 Savannah, G a .— B u ll. 1285♦ ♦ S cranton, P a .— B u ll. 12 8 5 -8 ♦ ♦ S e a ttle , W ash.— B u ll. 1 2 8 5 -7 ♦ ♦ ♦ S ioux F a lls , S. D a k .— B u ll. 1285-17 South B end, In d .— B u ll. 1285- ♦♦ ♦♦ ♦ ♦♦ ♦♦ S p ok an e, W ash.— B u ll. 1285* T o le d o , O h io — B u ll. 1285T ren ton , N .J .— B u ll. 1285-25 W ashington, D . C . - M d . - V a . — B u ll. 1 2 8 5 -2 2 W aterbury, C o n n .— B u ll. 12 85W aterloo, Iow a — B u ll. 1285*20 W ich ita, K a n s .— B u ll. 1285-9 W ilm ington, D e l.—N .J .— B u ll. 1285*12 W orcester, M a s s .— B u ll. 1285* Y ork , P a .— B u ll. 1 2 8 5 -4 5 An asterisk preceding a labor market indicates the availability and price of the bulletin. Please do not order copies in advance. ♦ Price, 20 cents. ♦ ♦ Price, 25 cents. ♦ ♦♦ Price, 15 cents.