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Occupational Wage Survey CHICAGO, ILLINOIS APRIL 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-66 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey CHICAGO, ILLINOIS APRIL 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-66 July 1961 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents Preface Contents P age The Community Wage Survey Program In trod u ction ___________________________________________________________— W age tre n d s fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g rou p s ______________________ The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A prelim inary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides addi tional data not included in the earlier report. A consoli dated analytical bulletin summarizing the results of all of the year*s surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. T a b le s : 1. 2. A. B. This report was prepared in the Bureau*s regional office in Chicago, 111. , by Woodrow C. Linn, under the direction of George E. Votava, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u rv e y ____,---In dexes o f stan dard w eek ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g ro u p s, and p e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s __ ________ _ O ccu p a tion a l ea rn in g s: * A - 1. O ffice o c cu p a tio n s ______________________________________ A - 2. P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s -----------------A - 3. M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c cu p a tio n s ____________ A -4 . C u stod ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c cu p a tio n s _____ E sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s : B -l. Shift d iffe r e n tia ls ______________________________________ B -2 . M in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ________________________________________________ B -3 . S ch edu led w eek ly h ou rs _______________________________ B -4 . P a id h olid a y s -----------------------------------------------------------------B -5 . P a id v a c a tio n s __________________________________________ B -6 . H ealth, in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n plans _____________ A ppendix: O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip tio n s __________________________ ;____— * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available in the Chicago area reports for April 1951, March 1952, 1953, and 1954, and April of each year since 1955. Most of the reports also include data on these or related establishment prac tices and supplementary wage provisions. A directory in dicating date of study and the price of the reports, as well as reports for other m ajor areas is available upon request. Current reports on occupational earnings and supplementary wage practices in the Chicago area are also available for fluid milk (June I960), hotels (April I960), power laundries and dry cleaners (June I960), banking (Jun$ I960), nonferrous foundries (May I960), hospitals (July I960), women’ s and m isses* d resses (August I960), and candy and other confectionery products (December I960). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay lev els, are available for the following trades or industries: Build ing construction, printing, local-tran sit operating em ploy ees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. iii 1 4 3 3 5 10 H 13 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 Occupational W age Survey-—Chicago, III. Introduction This area is one of several important industrial centers in which the U. S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide b a sis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists 1 to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation,2 communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices. Major in dustry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to w ar rant inclusion. Wherever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying ail establishm ents. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as r e lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w orkers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but c o st-o fliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-tim e salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Average earnings of men and women are presented separately for selected occupations in which both sexes are commonly employed. Differences in pay levels of men and women in these occupations are largely due to (l) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties p er form ed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of se r v ice or m erit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this b a sis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usu ally m ore generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties perform ed. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational c la s sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. (See appendix for listing of these descriptions. ) Earnings data are presented (in the A -s e r ie s tables) for the following types of occupa tions: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) m ainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and m aterial movement. Occupational employment estim ates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishm ents, the estim ates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not m aterially affect the accuracy of the earn ings data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 1 Data were obtained by m ail from some of the sm aller e s tablishments fo r which visits by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey indicated employment in relatively few of the occu pations studied. Unusual changes reported by m ail were verified with em ployers. 2 Railroads, form erly excluded from the scope of these studies, were included in ail of the areas studied since July 1959, except B alti m ore (September 1959 and December I960), Buffalo (October 1959), Cleveland (September 1959), and Seattle (August 1959). Information is presented also (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on s e lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they r e late to office and plant w orkers. The term "o ffice w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin, includes working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing clerical or related functions, and excludes admin istrative, executive, and professional personnel. "P lan t w o rk ers" in clude working forem en and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Adm inistrative, 2 e x e cu tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and fo r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s w ho a r e u tiliz e d a s a s e p a r a te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d . C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e e x clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s , but a r e in clu d e d a s p la n t w o r k e r s in n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data (ta b le B - l ) a r e lim ite d to m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . T h is in fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n te d b oth in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o lic y , 3 p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f to ta l p la n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b ) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d on the b a s is o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift a t the tim e o f the su r v e y . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts h avin g v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ou n t ap p lyin g to a m a jo r it y w a s u s e d o r , i f n o am ou n t a p p lie d to a m a jo r ity , the c l a s s ific a t io n " o t h e r " w a s u se d . In e sta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich so m e la t e sh ift h o u r s a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w a s r e c o r d e d on ly if it a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y o f the s h ift h o u r s . M in im u m e n tr a n ce r a te s (ta b le B -2 ) r e la t e on ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n ts v is it e d . T h ey a r e p r e s e n te d on an e sta b lis h m e n t, ra th e r than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n s io n p la n s a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll pla n t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r i t y o f su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y ev en tu a lly q u a lify f o r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . S ch ed u led h o u r s a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll p la n t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m ajoritya r e c o v e r e d . 4 B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g, stuns o f in div id u al ite m s in th ese ta bu la tion s m a y n ot equ al to ta ls . The f i r s t p a r t o f the p a id h o lid a y s ta ble p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w h ole and h a lf h o lid a y s a ctu a lly p r o v id e d . The s e c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w h ole and h a lf h o lid a y s to sh ow tota l h olid a y tim e . Data a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll health, in su r a n ce , and p e n sio n p la n s f o r w h ich at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r , ex ce p tin g on ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n ts su ch a s w o r k m e n 's c om p en sa tion , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. Such p la n s in clu d e th ose u n d erw ritten b y a c o m m e r c i a l in su r a n ce com p a n y and th ose p r o v id e d th rough a u nion fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r re n t o p e ra tin g fu nds o r fr o m a fund se t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . Death b e n e fit s a r e in clu d ed a s a fo r m o f life in su r a n ce . S ick n e ss and a c c id e n t in su r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in s u r a n ce under w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a sh p a ym en ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the in su r e d on a w e e k ly o r m on th ly b a s is du ring illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ility . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d fo r a ll su ch pla n s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s. H o w e v e r, in N ew Y ork and New J e r s e y , w hich h ave en a cted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n ce la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n trib u tio n s, 5 p la n s a r e in clu d ed on ly i f the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n tr ib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the r e q u ir e m e n ts o f the law . T abu lation s o f p a id s i c k -le a v e p la n s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l p la n s 4 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's p a y d u rin g a b s e n c e fr o m w ork b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S ep arate ta b u la tion s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) p la n s w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y and n o w aitin g p e r io d , and (2) p la n s p r o v id in g e ith e r p a r t ia l pa y o r a w aitin g p e r io d . In a d d ition to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s w ho a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n du plica ted tota l is show n o f w o r k e r s w ho r e c e iv e e it h e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fits . The s u m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , ex clu d in g in fo r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y tim e o ff w ith pay is g ra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S ep a ra te e s t im a te s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com p u tin g v a c a tio n p a y m e n ts, su ch a s tim e p a y m en ts, p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s, o r fla t -s u m am ou n ts. H o w e v e r, in the ta bu la tion s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p a y m en ts n ot on a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r te d ; .for ex a m p le, a p a ym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d a s the eq u iv a len t o f 1 w e e k 's pay. C a ta strop h e in s u r a n ce , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to a s exten ded m e d ic a l in s u r a n ce , in clu d e s th ose p la n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju ry in volvin g e x p e n s e s bey on d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s. M e d ic a l in su r a n ce r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le te o r p a r t ia l p a ym en t o f d o c t o r s ' fe e s . Such p la n s m a y b e u n d erw ritten b y c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n ce c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r they m a y b e s e lf-in s u r e d . T ab u lation s o f r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se p la n s that p r o v id e m on th ly p a y m en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . 3 A n e sta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d a s h a vin g a p o lic y if it m e t e ith er o f the fo llo w in g c o n d itio n s : (1) O p era ted la te sh ifts at the tim e of the s u rv e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te sh ifts. 4 Sch edu led w e e k ly h o u r s f o r o ff ic e w o r k e r s ( f ir s t s e c tio n o f ta b le B -3 ) in su r v e y s m a d e p r io r to July 1957 w e r e p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o ffic e s w ith the in d ica te d w e e k ly h o u r s f o r w o m e n w o r k e r s . 5 The te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R hode Islan d d o n ot r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n trib u tio n s. 4 A n e sta b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s id e r e d a s having a fo r m a l plan i f it e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m ber o f da ys o f s ic k le a v e that c o u ld b e e x p e cte d b y ea ch e m p lo y e e . Such a p la n n eed n ot b e w ritten , but in fo r m a l s i c k -le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d iv id u al b a s is , w e r e e x clu d ed . 3 T ab le 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s within scope of su rve y and num ber studied in C h icago, 111. , 1 by m a jo r in du stry d iv isio n , 2 A p r il 1961 N um ber o f e sta b lish m e n ts M in im u m em ploym en t in e s t a b lis h m en ts in scope of study Industry d iv isio n W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts W ithin scope of study Within scope of study 3 Studied Studied O ffice T otal 4 Plant T o t a l4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ 3, 115 466 1, 07 5 , 600 2 5 2 ,7 0 0 6 1 9 ,9 0 0 5 2 8 ,2 2 0 M anufacturing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing _______________________________________________ T ra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------W h o le sa le tra de _________________________________________ ._____ R e ta il trade -----------------------------------------------------------------------------F in an ce, in su ra n ce , and r e a l estate _____________________ S e r v i c e s 7 ______________________________________________________ 100 1, 307 1 ,8 0 8 180 286 5 5 6 ,1 0 0 5 1 9 ,5 0 0 91 , 000 1 6 1 ,7 0 0 3 7 9 ,2 0 0 24 0, 700 2 3 6 ,4 7 0 2 9 1 ,7 5 0 100 50 100 50 50 170 57 2 193 372 501 49 62 48 50 77 1 3 8 ,9 0 0 8 3 ,2 0 0 132, 300 86, 700 7 8 , 400 34, 900 2 9 ,6 0 0 26, 700 55, 800 14, 700 6 6 ,1 0 0 3 6 ,3 0 0 9 1 ,0 0 0 6 7, 100 4 0 ,2 0 0 1 0 6 ,3 4 0 20, 480 99 , 140 38, 720 27, 070 A ll d iv isio n s 1 The C hicago A r e a (C ook C ounty). The "w o r k e r s within scope of stu d y " e stim a te s shown in this table p rovide a rea so n a b ly a ccu rate d esc rip tio n of the siz e and com p o sitio n fo r c e included in the su rv e y . The e stim a te s are not intended, h ow ever, to se r v e as a b a sis of c o m p a r iso n with other area em ploym en t in dexes to m e a s u r e em p loym en t trend s or (1) planning of wage su rv e y s r eq u ires the use of esta b lish m en t data c om p iled c o n sid era b ly in advance of the p a y ro ll p eriod studied, and (2) sm a ll e sta b lish m e n ts are exclu ded fr o m the su rv e y . 2 The 1957 r e v ise d edition of the Standard In dustrial C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as u sed in c la ssify in g esta b lish m en ts by in du stry d iv isio n . M a jo r changes fr o m the e a r lie r edition B u r e a u 's lab or m a rk et w age su rv e y s conducted p rior to July 1958) are the tra n sfe r of m ilk p a ste u riza tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d con crete e sta b lish m e n ts fr o m trade (w h olesale m an ufacturin g, and the t ra n sfe r of radio and te le v isio n b r oad castin g fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Includes a ll e sta b lish m en ts with total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (within the area) of com p an ies in such in d u strie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, s e r v ic e , and m o tio n -p ic tu r e th e a te rs a r e co n sid ere d as 1 esta b lish m e n t. 4 Includes ex ec u tiv e, p r o fe s s io n a l, and other w o rk ers exclu ded fr o m the sep arate offic e and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T axic ab s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tra n sp ortation w ere ex clu d ed . C h ic a g o 's tratisit sy s te m is m u n ic ip ally op erated and is excluded by defin ition fr o m the scope of 6 E stim a te r e la te s to r e a l estate esta b lish m en ts only. 7 H otels; p erso n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin ess s e r v ic e s ; autom obile rep a ir sh ops; m otion p ictu r e s; nonprofit m e m b e r sh ip org a n iza tio n s; and en gin eerin g and a rc h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . T ab le 2. of the lab or le v e ls since the scope of (used in the or retail) to auto the rep air stu d ies. Indexes of standard w eekly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t-tim e h ou rly ea rn ings for se le c te d occu p ation al groups in C h ic a g o , 111. , A p r il 1961 and A p r il I9 6 0 , and p ercen ts of in c r e a se fo r se le c te d p eriod s Indexes (M a r c h 1953=100) P erc en t in c r e a s e s fr o m — Industry and occu pation al group A p r il 1961 A p r il I9 6 0 A p r il I9 6 0 to A p r il 1961 A p r il 1959 to A p r il I9 6 0 A p r il 1958 to A p r il 1959 A p r il 1957 to A p r il 1958 A p r il 1956 to A p r il 1957 A p r il 1955 to A p r il 1956 M a rc h 1954 to A p r il 1955 M a rc h 1953 to M a rc h 1954 A ll in d u strie s: O ffic e c le r ic a l (women) _____________ In d u strial n u r se s (w omen) ------------S killed m ain tenan ce (m en) -------------U n sk illed plant (men) --------- ------------- 137. 144. 142. 139. 1 1 3 0 13 3. 139. 13 7. 133. 6 7 4 8 2. 3. 3. 3. 6 1 6 9 2. 3. 2. 2. 9 3 8 5 3. 3. 4. 4. 0 4 7 6 4. 6. 5. 4. 7 6 3 9 5. 5. 5. 4. 4 0 0 0 4. 6. 5. 4. 3 0 1 6 3. 4. 3. 3. 6 2 3 5 5. 8 5 .9 6. 3 5. 7 M anufacturing: O ffice c le r ic a l (women) _____________ In d ustrial n u r se s (w om en) -------------S killed m ain tenan ce (m en) -------------U n sk illed plant (m en) ------------------------ 13 8. 5 14 4. 8 1 4 1 .9 13 7. 1 13 4. 140. 13 7. 13 3. 4 4 6 2 3. 3. 3. 2. 1 1 1 9 2. 3. 2. 3. 6 8 7 0 3. 3. 4. 3. 0 4 6 8 5. 6. 5. 5. 5 6 3 1 5. 5. 5. 4. 4 0 5 9 4. 6. 5. 5. 2 0 8 0 3. 4. 3. 2. 4 2 1 7 6. 5. 5. 4. 2 9 8 8 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n te d in ta b le 2 a r e in d e x e s o f s a la r ie s o f o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u str ia l n u r s e s , and o f a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s . In a r e a s w h ich w e r e not su r v e y e d d u rin g the f i s c a l 1953 b a s e y e a r (J u ly 1952 to June 1953) th is ta b le is lim ite d to p e r c e n ts o f change b e tw e e n s e le c t e d p e r io d s . F o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u str ia l n u r s e s , the in d e x e s r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s f o r n o r m a l h o u r s o f w o rk , that is , the stan dard w o rk sch e d u le f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e pa id. F o r pla n t w o r k e r g ro u p s , th ey m e a s u r e ch a n g es in s tr a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly e a r n in g s, e x clu d in g p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k en ds, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts. The in d e x e s a r e b a s e d on. data fo r s e le c t e d k ey o c cu p a tio n s and in clu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p orta n t jo b s w ith in e a ch g rou p . The o ffic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on w om en in the fo llo w in g 18 jo b s : B i lle r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ); b o o k k e e p in g m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B ; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; c le r k s , file , c la s s A and B ; c le r k s , o r d e r ; c le r k s , p a y r o ll; keyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s ; o ffic e g ir l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; ste n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ; sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ; ta b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ; t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l; and ty p is ts , c la s s A and B . The in d u str ia l n u r s e data a r e b a s e d on w om en in d u str ia l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 10 s k ille d m a in ten a n ce jo b s and 3 u n s k ille d jo b s w e r e in clu d ed in the pla n t w o r k e r data: Skilled-— c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is ts ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e ; m i l l w rig h ts ; p a in te r s ; p ip e fit t e r s ; s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s ; and t o o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; la b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h andling; and w atch m en . A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e com p u ted f o r e a ch o f the s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s . The a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o r h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e then m u ltip lie d b y the a v e r a g e o f 1953 and 1954 e m p lo y m e n t in the jo b . T h e se w eig h ted e a rn in g s f o r in d iv id u a l o c cu p a tio n s w e r e then to ta le d to obtain an a g g re g a te f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n a l g rou p . F in a lly , the r a t io o f th e s e g ro u p a g g r e g a te s f o r a g iv en y e a r to the a g g re g a te f o r the b a s e p e r io d (s u r v e y m on th , w in te r 1952—53) w a s com p u te d «and the r e s u lt m u ltip lie d b y the b a s e y e a r in d e x (10 0) to g e t the in d e x f o r the g iv e n y e a r . S im ila r p r o c e d u r e s w e r e fo llo w e d in c o m p ilin g ' ‘p e r c e n ts o f ch a n g e " in a r £ a s n ot s u r v e y e d d u rin g 1953. A d ju stm en ts h ave b e e n m a de w h ere n e c e s s a r y to m a in tain c o m p a r a b ility s o that the y e a r - t o - y e a r c o m p a r is o n s a r e b a se d on the sa m e in d u stry and o ccu p a tio n a l c o v e r a g e . F o r e x a m p le, r a ilr o a d s h ave b e e n in clu d ed in the c o v e r a g e o f the su r v e y s on ly s in c e Ju ly 1959. In com pu tin g the in d e x e s fo r the f i r s t y e a r in w h ich r a ilr o a d s w e r e in clu d ed , data r e la tin g to r a ilr o a d s w e r e e x clu d ed . In dexes fo r s u b s e quent y e a r s in clu d e data f o r r a ilr o a d s . The in d e x e s m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w ag e ch a n g e s; (2) m e r it o r oth er in c r e a s e s in pay r e c e iv e d b y in d iv id u al w o r k e r s w h ile in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g es in the la b o r f o r c e su ch a s la b o r tu r n o v e r, f o r c e e x p a n sion s, f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t pa y le v e ls . C hanges in the la b o r f o r c e can c a u s e in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c cu p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout a ctu a l w a g e ch a n g es. F o r ex a m p le, a f o r c e ex p a n sion m ig h t in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s in a s p e c ific o ccu p a tio n and r e su lt in a d r o p in the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a re d u c tio n in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s w ou ld h ave the o p p o s ite e ffe c t . The m ov e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g esta b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a co u ld c a u se the a v e ra g e ea rn in g s to d r o p , ev en though n o change in r a te s o c c u r r e d in oth er a r e a e sta b lis h m e n ts. The u s e o f con sta n t e m p loy m en t w eig h ts e lim in a te s the e ffe c t s o f ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea ch jo b in clu d ed in the data. N or a r e the in d e x e s in flu en ced b y ch a n g es in stan dard w o r k sc h e d u le s o r in p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e , s in c e they a r e b a s e d on p a y f o r s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r s . In d exes f o r the p e r io d 1953 to I9 60 f o r w o r k e r s in 20 m a jo r la b o r m a rk e ts w ill ap p ea r in B L S B u ll. 1 2 6 5 -6 2 , W a ges and R ela ted B e n e fits , 60 L a b o r M a rk e ts, W in ter 1959—60. A* Occupational Earnings 5 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, C hicago, HI. , A p ril 1961) AveiIAQE S ex, o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number at workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $ Weekly Weekly U n d e r 5 0 . 0 0 $5 5 . 0 0 *60. 00 *65. 0 0 *70. 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 *80. 0 0 *85. 0 0 *90. 0 0 * 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 * 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 *1 3 0 .0 0 * 1 3 5 .0 0 * 4 0 . 0 0 * 4 5 . 0 0 ^ 5 0 .0 0 hours 1 earnings1 (Standard) (Standard) $ ■ ■ and under 50 . 00 ■ i l j m 6 0 . 0 0 6 5 . 0 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 o v e r M en I C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A --------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------- ------------------------ * P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ---------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ------ -------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ------------------------------------------------- 2 .4 8 9 1, 0 7 6 1 ,4 1 3 324 506 319 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 38. 5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 $ 1 0 7 .5 0 1 1 1 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 1 0 8 .0 0 1 0 2 .0 0 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ------- — — M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------ — --------- — N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------- --------------- — P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ---------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ______________________ F i n a n c e 3 _______________________________ 1. 5 9 4 464 1, 1 3 0 432 361 239 3 9 .0 38. 5 39. 5 40. 0 40. 0 3 8 .0 8 7 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 8 7 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 8 2 .0 0 7 9 .5 0 _ _ - - - - 3 3 3 42 10 32 16 11 204 165 111 39. 0 39. 0 3 9 .5 7 4 .5 0 7 6 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 _ 5 5 5 5 1 0 5 .0 0 1 0 5 .5 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 0 6 .5 0 526 362 164 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 39. 5 9 7 .0 0 9 6 .5 0 9 9 .0 0 O f f i c e b o y s ____________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ ________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _____________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e --------------------- — — R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ------------------------------------------------S e r v i c e s ------------------------------------ ---------- 1. 7 4 4 502 1, 2 4 2 166 123 110 599 244 3 8 .0 38. 5 38. 0 39. 5 38. 0 3 9 .5 37. 0 37. 5 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A __________________ __________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------- ---------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ______________________ F i n a n c e 3 ______________ _________ — 917 424 493 125 1 68 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B _______________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ---------------------------------W h o le s a le tra d e R e t a i l t r a d e ___________________________ F in a n c e 3 ------------------------------ --------- 1. 3 9 0 464 926 1 53 151 108 437 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B _______________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _____________________ C l e r k s , o r d e r -------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------ — N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------- .-------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ----------------------------------C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ______________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________ __________ 2, 228 602 1, 6 2 6 1, 3 3 5 39. 39. 39. 39. 18 6 12 1 9 21 2 19 4 11 109 42 67 3 16 9 178 45 1 33 10 57 43 222 50 172 6 56 51 230 82 148 21 23 35 295 129 166 37 73 33 380 193 1 87 58 71 48 259 12 7 132 105 14 8 175 93 82 22 39 13 98 16 82 1 16 44 160 18 142 5 90 35 1 76 72 104 16 48 26 194 64 130 16 62 40 146 57 89 43 24 15 237 73 164 93 32 33 260 64 196 107 55 28 168 30 138 112 7 4 64 34 30 24 6 25 11 14 12 2 8 4 4 1 3 - - - 38 29 25 38 23 4 33 31 16 19 15 11 7 5 5 22 20 19 15 15 15 5 5 5 6 6 6 1 1 1 4 4 4 _ - - - 1 1 1 8 8 5 46 19 27 11 57 57 42 132 24 108 90 162 59 103 84 272 36 236 162 250 85 165 1 47 305 97 208 156 1 73 34 1 39 135 218 81 137 106 175 58 117 100 121 23 98 76 6 2 4 1 1 57 54 3 10 8 2 56 41 15 45 42 3 33 11 22 52 30 22 102 63 39 46 24 22 30 18 12 40 32 8 34 31 3 6 4 2 2 2 5 2 3 38 7 31 29 10 3 7 3 4 3 2 1 1 1 _ 1 1 _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - . _ _ _ _ _ 5 - 11 11 - - _ _ _ - - - - _ - - 1 1 6 3 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 6 3 .5 0 7 3 .5 0 6 4 .5 0 6 6 .5 0 6 2 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 80 7 73 - 416 117 299 32 36 7 162 62 339 110 229 18 23 29 97 62 269 94 175 15 24 28 98 10 1 58 59 99 21 8 21 37 12 162 34 1 28 13 16 18 68 13 76 16 60 32 - - 1 23 4 - - 50 23 192 53 1 39 2 11 6 64 56 2 - - 3 9 .0 39. 5 38. 5 39. 5 3 7 .0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 0 8 .5 0 1 1 1 .5 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .5 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 4 2 2 - 19 15 4 2 43 31 12 3 83 45 38 25 100 42 58 4 42 38. 5 38. 5 38. 5 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 3 8 .0 9 1 .5 0 9 5 .0 0 8 9 .5 0 1 0 1 .0 0 9 2 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 - - - 19 2 17 2 4 11 44 5 39 4 8 4 16 117 28 89 4 2 23 48 223 62 161 11 27 16 96 1 79 65 114 5 22 6 71 195 69 126 10 28 17 58 - - i 1 - - - - 42 2 40 - . _ - ~ ; 40 - _ - _ - - _ - 210 . 117 93 22 25 28 15 8 7 6 _ - 22 6 16 4 2 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - . - - - - 68 23 45 43 41 18 23 23 ! ! 81 4 77 ; 77 26 11 15 15 30 24 6 6 62 6 56 56 _ - _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ 140 46 94 17 62 12 114 47 67 9 54 4 47 36 11 2 4 5 54 47 7 2 5 7 6 1 1 _ 4 3 1 1 _ 2 2 _ _ - - _ - - - ; - - - - _ - _ - _ - _ . _ - - - - - - - - - - - 143 48 95 18 33 91 56 35 3 13 78 26 52 12 19 72 26 46 13 4 1 17 75 42 7 18 74 41 33 21 - 45 3 42 31 4 26 2 24 10 - 6 2 4 4 - 1 1 _ 13 7 6 238 148 72 76 166 72 56 1 11 25 ,l 13 1J 14 j 12 64 64 28 36 7 12 11 39 12 27 10 8 1 6 66 28 38 34 4 12 12 - 1 1 1 3 3 - - _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - l !L_ 5 - - See footnotes at end of table. NO TE: 1 - E stim ates for all in du stries, nonmanufacturing, and public utilities include data for railroad s (SIC 40), omitted from the scope of all labor m arket wage surveys made before July 1959. Where significant, the effect of the inclusion of railroads is greatest on the data shown separately for the public utilities division. - _ - _ 5 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 6 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision, Chicago, 111. , A p ril 1961) Average S e x , o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- $ $ $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly U n d e r 5 0 . 00 5 5 . 0 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 * 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 *1 4 5 .0 0 *1 5 0 .0 0 earnings1 and and (Standard) $ 5 0 . 00 u n d e r 1 0 0 . 00 LQ5.QQ 1 1 0 ,0 .0 1 1 5 ,0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 o v e r - 5 5 , 0 0 . 6 0 . 00 6.5. QO 7 0 . QQ .75.^011 ..80. Ofl- &5.JDXL S £ L M . Weekly hours1 (Standard) i M e n — C o n t in u e d T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C _________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________ ._________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____ '_____ ____________ F i n a n c e 3 --------------------------------------------------- 693 2 13 480 224 38, 37. 39. 38. 5 5 0 5 $ 78. 00 7 6 .0 0 7 9 . 00 7 6 . 00 “ 1 1 1 15 15 15 23 3 20 15 144 f 6 78 23 128 63 65 39 1 18 21 97 55 83 20 63 30 79 21 58 24 1 j 45 7 38 ! 23 7 16 8 ! 7 22 1 21 2 7 4 3 1 | 2 2 ! 2 j 2 - - - - - " - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 1 1 2 2 “ - - - 10 - - - | 1 W om en I . 50 50 00 00 50 - 6 6 - - 39. 0 39. 0 40. 0 6 8 . 00 6 7 . 50 6 3 . 50 828 380 448 1 73 1 15 39. 39. 38. 38. 40. 0 5 5 5 0 87. 87. 88. 87. 83. B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B _ .. _ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 _____________________ ___________ S e r v ic e s ________________________________ 3 ,8 4 1 824 3 ,0 1 7 618 275 1 ,8 8 8 165 38. 39. 38. 39. 40. 38. 38. 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________ W h o le sa le tra d e ______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________ F i n a n c e 3 _________________________________ S e r v i c e s ____________ *___________________ 2 ,7 9 1 1 ,0 0 7 1 ,7 8 4 305 398 180 657 244 38. 39. 38. 39. 39. 39. 37. 37. C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________ W h o le s a le tra d e ______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ________________________________ S e r v ic e s _ _ _ 5 ,5 2 2 1 ,8 0 8 3 ,7 1 4 386 1 ,0 0 9 879 1 ,0 5 7 383 39. 38. 39. 40. 39. 40. 37. 38. B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) ______ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________ W h o le sa le tra d e ______________________ 1 ,4 2 6 572 854 236 529 B il le r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h i n e ) ______________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________ 398 388 249 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A _____ i ______________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------ -----N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________ ___________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________ 39. 39. 39. 40. 39. 76. 75. 77. 84. 75. | 1 - 1 08 21 87 10 58 236 1 29 107 30 64 292 117 1 75 30 129 160 70 90 10 71 185 81 104 20 77 1 48 63 85 14 71 175 55 120 117 2 34 6 28 5 23 2 2 2 42 42 41 43 43 13 22 20 31 29 29 17 15 4 26 26 1 1 35 35 1 1 - 5 1 - 1 1 - - - 14 1 72 172 146 50 00 50 00 50 - - 30 4 26 9 3 66 2 64 36 22 69 38 31 10 5 141 109 32 5 16 136 81 55 10 31 179 75 104 53 14 68 36 32 24 8 25 2 23 22 1 53 53 7 - - - - - - “ 4 4 1 2 2 - - 10 5 5 4 42 26 16 4 - 3 3 3 - - - - - - 74. 80. 72. 72. 70. 72. 77. 50 50 50 50 00 50 50 23 23 23 4 4 4 - 192 27 165 34 22 1 09 721 6l 660 98 58 470 22 806 86 720 137 50 482 40 681 1 75 5 06 116 28 3 24 25 337 97 240 27 25 154 18 379 186 193 78 14 67 20 205 118 87 24 17 20 23 67 23 44 1 38 3 25 25 - 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 399 24 375 103 57 201 14 - - - - - - - " - 5 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 92. 94. 91. 101. 92. 87. 88. 92. 50 00 50 00 00 50 00 00 _ - _ - 79 29 50 6 5 24 15 463 161 302 15 57 20 161 49 376 126 250 33 100 22 70 25 273 1 29 144 37 39 20 38 10 352 1 19 233 89 47 1 37 88 49 30 4 1 27 10 17 1 - 36 28 6 8 - 28 1 27 24 - 12 1 11 11 - 14 12 2 1 1 - 5 5 - 1 1 1 - 1 - 29 19 3 63 130 44 7 13 40 26 134 53 81 2 15 - 7 206 62 144 6 30 29 68 11 308 100 208 35 49 26 89 " 20 17 3 2 1 146 30 116 20 23 - 16 16 1 15 8 3 - - - " 0 5 0 0 5 0 5 0 74. 77. 73. 82. 74. 70. 70. 73. 50 00 00 00 50 00 50 50 7 92 269 37 232 92 30 34 73 35 ! 26 j 94 31 i ! 696 1 49 5 47 39 1 19 1 26 206 57 978 287 691 53 140 165 269 64 820 267 553 23 182 200 105 43 1014 394 620 25 214 162 143 76 701 233 468 105 156 40 128 39 407 1 89 218 47 47 35 44 45 215 133 82 20 10 189 91 30 61 31 24 10 14 - 13 8 5 - 8 9 5 - 3 8 6 - 1 1 - _ - 8 2 2 - _ - _ - j ! See footnotes at end of table. 1 68 29 39 23 5 5 0 0 0 - 7 7 - ! 66 ! 3 i - 1 3 1 1 11 1 10 - I 1 i 9 - 9 59 66 123 43 57 32 12 1 9 14 2 6 j 2 8 3 2 1 1 - _ - - 1 7 Table A-l. Office Occupatbns-Continued ( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , C h i c a g o , 111., A p r i l 1 9 6 1 ) Average Sex, o c c u p a tio n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of workers Weeklyj Weekly . U n d e r earnings 1 (Standard) $ 5 0 . 00 (Standard! NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF 1 $ $ s $ S 1 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ IS S $ S S £ 5 0 . 00 5 5 . 0 0 6 0 . 0 0 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 . OC 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 . o d 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 and and 5 5 . 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 300 88 212 22 119 40 291 63 228 24 154 44 355 138 217 28 144 40 264 70 194 28 126 33 169 76 93 38 34 17 151 113 38 11 21 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 . o q 1 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 — ! over W o m e n — C o n t in u e d $ 7 4 . 00 7 4 .5 0 7 4 . 00 7 4 . 0Q 7 2 . 00 7 5 . 50 _ - ~ 116 57 59 10 32 6 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 5 6 2 .5 0 6 4 . 50 6 2 . 00 7 5 . 00 6 5 . 50 6 0 . 00 5 9 .0 0 6 2 . 00 293 20 273 4 112 155 6 836 39 797 87 88 547 75 1243 301 942 35 47 86 685 89 1610 336 1274 58 182 1 43 671 220 1 021 259 762 112 199 86 324 41 598 188 410 47 136 92 106 29 288 58 230 107 11 35 47 30 141 r if 114 56 31 _ 2, 0 0 2 755 1, 2 4 7 588 562 39. 0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 39. 0 40. 0 7 4 . 50 ? 5 . 50 7 4 . 00 7 9 . 00 6 7 .0 0 16 16 16 44 4 40 30 1 32 33 99 4 92 300 119 181 56 108 307 103 204 88 111 378 141 237 148 89 218 73 145 78 53 150 106 44 26 18 142 46 96 75 19 124 74 50 27 12 C le r k s , p a y r o ll M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _____________________ ..................................... . W h o le sa le tra d e R e t a i l t r a d e ___________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ..................................................... . S e r v ic e s ...................................................... . 2, 2 0 7 1, 2 0 8 999 214 225 197 148 215 39. 0 ..." 5 M 39. 0 3 9 .5 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 38. 5 8 3 .5 0 8 4 . 00 8 3 .5 0 9 5 . 00 8 1 .5 0 7 4 . 50 8 7 . 00 8 0 . 50 _ - — - 38 1 37 4 22 11 - - - - 1 22 81 41 2 11 22 1 5 165 94 71 3 10 18 19 21 307 180 1 27 6 13 43 14 51 209 109 1 00 11 24 30 22 13 323 132 191 40 66 37 11 37 381 260 121 26 10 12 11 62 C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s ___________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g .......................................... P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _____________________ W h o le s a le tra d e _____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ................................................. F i n a n c e 3 ....................................................... S e r v ic e s _______________________________ 2, 9 7 6 §03~ 2, 1 7 3 324 581 799 180 289 39. 0 39. 0 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 0 39. 5 37. 5 40. 0 78. 82. 77. 90. 74. 73. 72. 79. 00 00 00 50 50 00 00 00 _ _ _ 19 19 _ 54 4 50 2 6 35 7 - 245 15 230 _ 1 02 86 25 17 321 59 262 11 50 123 49 29 594 169 425 10 124 203 41 47 495 108 387 28 177 122 39 21 477 182 295 23 63 1 19 9 81 39. 0 39. 0 38. 5 7 0 . 50 6 8 . 00 7 3 . 00 1 1 21 20 1 52 31 21 54 24 30 30 15 15 45 29 16 37 23 14 1 1 _ 1 1 68 68 2 1 92 9 183 7 18 30 122 571 178 393 15 28 44 293 13 663 297 366 12 53 67 1 97 37 788 379 409 17 108 99 154 31 908 286 622 74 125 80 316 27 C le r k s , file , c la s s A M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ W h o le sa le tra d e _____________________ F in a n c e 3 ........ ......................................... ..... S e r v ic e s _______________________________ 1, 8 8 0 630“ 1, 2 5 0 217 6 71 226 38. 5 39. 0 38. 0 38. 5 38. 0 3 6 .5 C le r k s , file , c la s s B M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _____________________ W h o le sa le tra d e _____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ___________________________ F in a n c e 3 .................. ................................... S e r v ic e s ________ _______________________ 6, 1 95 1, 2 6 4 4, 931 520 712 642 2, 549 508 38. 39. 38. 40. 39. 40. 37. 38. C l e r k s , o r d e r ................... ....................................... M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ W h o le sa le tra d e ................................. ..... R e t a i l t r a d e ___________________________ D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ( M i m e o g r a p h o r D it t o ) ___________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______ _________ ___________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 314 168 1 46 K eyp u n ch o p e r a to r s ............................................ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________ W h o le sa le tra d e ...................................... R e t a i l t r a d e . ............................... ................. F i n a n c e 3 ......................................................... ............................................... ........ S e r v ic e s 5, 2 0 2 1, 9 0 3 3, 2 9 9 641 557 435 1, 3 8 0 286 38. 38. 38. 40. 39. 39. 37. 39. 5 5 5 0 5 5 5 0 7 7 . 00 7 7 . 50 7 6 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 1 7 3 .5 0 1 7 0 .5 0 1 7 8 .0 0 i S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le . 42 1 41 22 4 - - 9 r 7 7 - 17 _ 2 3 48 15 6 ! 1 | S ! 1 ! S i 12 15 — 90 2T" 66 43 18 2 3 22 22 1 1 14 80 11 69 34 25 5 37 9 28 10 _ 38 7 31 30 1 _ - 11 22 3 ---------- 1 19 9 ! 19 9 _ _ - 3 ! 17 4 13 _ 1 4 - i 4 ! _ ! 26 " - 26 20 2 1 1 1 1 _ _ 2 2 2 _ _ - 1 1 _ 3 3 _ 1 2 2 _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - " . . _ - - - 54 24 30 11 14 74 2 72 44 54 23 31 31 2 2 _ ~ _ 7 7 _ - - - - - 229 138 91 21 22 6 29 13 137 65 72 22 34 _ 12 4 120 50 70 47 1 11 11 64 29 35 13 8 _ 14 13 11 2 2 _ _ 17 14 3 _ _ 17 13 4 _ _ _ 4 3 - - - 39 28 11 4 4 _ 3 - 3 213 8o 133 21 22 58 32 328 77 2 51 136 23 36 6 50 134 39 95 77 7 _ 4 7 6 3 3 2 1 _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ 20 9 11 28 9 19 23 6 17 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - 681 234 447 63 109 68 140 67 500 252 248 56 55 23 93 21 514 178 336 219 16 21 14 254 65 189 168 19 _ 45 13 32 7 22 15 12 3 2 1 _ _ 1 66 ! 2 42 46 21 ------ i ¥ " 21 2 1 13 5 1 _ _ _ _ 3 - I 1 - - _ -! | | - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 j : - _ _ _ _ _ _ - 3 . . _ 11 1 10 10 - - 3 - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - - - - _ . _ _ i 1 1 3 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 _ _ 1 1 1 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' ' _ _ _ _ - _ - - 3 L ' ' 8 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued ( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s an d e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s is b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , C h i c a g o , 111. , A p r i l 1 9 6 1 ) Ave RAGE S ex, o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $ $ $ Weekly U n d e r 5 0 . 0 0 5 5 . 00 6 0 . 0 0 6 5 . 0 0 earnings1 and (Standard) $ under 5 0 . 00 5 5 . 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 Weekly hours 1 (Standard) $ $ $ 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 *9 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 $ $ $ S $ $ $ 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 and 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 over W o m e n — C o n t in u e d O f f i c e g i r l s ------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ ___ R e t a i l t r a d e ----------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ______________________________ 1. 1 3 9 259 880 255 385 39. 0 38. 5 39. 5 40. 0 3 9 .0 $ 6 2 .0 0 6 3 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 5 8 .5 0 53 20 33 5 27 . 125 20 105 17 51 397 77 320 88 182 213 32 181 59 80 160 37 1 23 64 39 50 22 28 17 2 72 30 42 3 4 41 9 32 2 4 4 - 16 16 - 94 17 77 - 4 - 8 8 19 43 15 286 60 226 26 38 114 48 432 160 272 23 34 72 65 78 926 312 614 11 84 80 308 131 1632 603 1029 50 156 125 499 1 99 628 220 408 8 53 37 277 33 1144 433 711 40 181 47 367 76 1598 648 950 55 324 91 398 82 2029 873 1156 83 244 130 543 156 2 2 14 13 2 24 21 - - S e c r e t a r i e s __________ _______________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ____________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e __________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ______________________________ S e r v i c e s _______________________________ 1 4 ,3 2 6 5, 3 51 8, 975 938 2, 050 1 ,3 7 2 2, 953 1, 6 6 2 38. 5 39. 0 38. 5 39. 5 3 9 .0 39. 5 37. 5 37. 5 9 5 .0 0 9 7 .0 0 9 4 .0 0 1 0 5 .5 0 9 7 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 9 0 .5 0 9 2 .0 0 _ - S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l ___________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ----- -— --------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ____________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e __________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ______________ _____ _____ S e r v i c e s _______________________________ 1 0 ,4 7 7 4 ,3 2 6 6 , 151 1, 0 1 9 1 ,6 1 2 517 2, 287 716 38. 5 3 9 .0 38. 5 39. 5 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 37. 5 8 0 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 8 0 .0 0 9 2 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 7 8 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 - - 60 12 48 3 14 2 29 " S t e n o g r a p h e r s , t e c h n i c a l _________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ______________________________ 456 377 190 3 8 .0 38. 0 3 7 .0 9 1 .5 0 9 0 .0 0 9 4 .0 0 - - 2 2 S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ____________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ____________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e __ T--------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ----------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ______________________________ S e r v i c e s ------------------------------------------------- 2 , 0 51 511 1, 5 4 0 246 230 231 343 490 3 9 .0 39. 0 39. 0 39. 5 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 3 9 .5 7 5 .5 0 8 1 .0 0 7 3 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 6 7 .0 0 7 8 .5 0 6 3 .0 0 39. 0 3 9 .0 38. 5 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 39. 5 37. 0 7 6 .5 0 7 7 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 8 3 .0 0 7 3 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 7 7 .0 0 38. 5 3 7 .5 | | 39. 5 1 4 0 .0 | 9 1 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 9 6 .5 0 S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ___ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ____________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e __________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ______________________________ 2 .1 5 3 1 ,0 4 7 1, 1 0 6 129 565 112 209 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , cleL S S B M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________ !__ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ____________________ 396 119 277 103 1 S e e f o o t n o t e s a t e n d o f t a b le , - - 1 1 j 1 - 50 50 3 _ 47 _ 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - 1715 577 1138 35 250 1 68 430 255 2244 721 1523 90 3 71 261 543 258 1897 689 1208 129 262 209 321 287 1738 6 41 1097 121 358 218 240 160 1217 496 721 124 239 93 1 67 98 1574 670 904 62 278 90 294 180 1141 466 675 83 315 57 143 77 978 401 5 77 161 144 41 150 81 630 283 347 209 36 18 60 24 3 91 144 247 209 6 3 22 7 162 83 79 62 13 4 46 38 16 65 64 24 54 50 31 90 76 42 51 39 25 23 19 11 44 31 27 19 11 4 14 6 4 6 4 4 2 1 " 41 14 27 14 7 1 5 16 14 2 1 1 - 2 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 - 4 4 4 - - 1 1 1 - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 758 336 422 120 135 50 94 23 529 259 270 109 23 12 80 46 305 173 132 39 32 4 31 26 235 179 56 32 10 2 10 2 94 59 35 18 9 _ 2 6 89 33 56 6 35 9 6 40 21 19 5 1 _ 13 29 3 26 1 25 _ - 46 12 34 25 _ _ _ - 9 60 28 32 28 4 - 41 31 10 10 - 21 18 3 3 - 19 16 3 3 - _ - _ _ - 211 1 210 1 48 2 159 131 20 111 7 2 39 20 43 222 43 179 19 19 25 56 60 242 69 173 2 69 30 46 26 262 1 07 155 17 27 30 45 36 3 01 98 203 11 46 25 103 18 249 69 180 59 43 3 53 22 166 47 119 81 9 4 9 16 68 26 42 33 7 2 - ~ " - - 1 11 _ 59 10 49 45 220 70 150 21 104 398 191 207 10 53 363 210 1 53 34 59 2 433 210 223 11 140 28 22 22 49 25 24 20 - 9 9 - 3 3 3 - _ - . - 33 91 26 189 107 82 28 34 20 43 29 14 5 8 15 158 50 1 08 15 44 13 12 - - - " - * 61 42 6 36 27 51 10 41 5 82 40 42 36 5 - 2 _ - - - 5 15 - - - - 5 3 9 12 52 ' ' - - 83 83 21 62 217 136 81 1 66 4 10 _ - j 2 1 1 - 24 10 14 - 11 11 2 ___ i 22 65 21 31 44 3 25 53 9 5 3 2 3 6 5 3 3 1 2 4 - ! _ 1 - j - | - - _ - " - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - - - - - 1 _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ - 1 1 1 - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - 9 Table A -l. O ffice Occupations-Continued ( A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t i m e w e e k l y h o u r s a n d e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , C h i c a g o , 111. , A p r i l 1 9 6 1 ) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- Average S e x , o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly, hours (Standard) Weekly j U n d e r earnings (Standard) $ 5 0 . 00 $ 5 0 . 00 $5 5 . 00 and under 5 5 . 00 6 0 . 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 and 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 $ $ $ 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 90. 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 over W o m e n — C o n t in u e d T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C __________________ _____________ ___ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______ _______________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ----------------------------------- 728 304 207 T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l __________________________ ___________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e __ _______________________ F i n a n c e 3 _________________________________ S e r v i c e s --------------------------------------- ------------ 2 , 124 692 1 ,4 3 2 420 102 489 327 T y p is t s , c la s s A _____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _________ „ ___________ W h o le s a le tra d e ______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________ F i n a n c e 3 _________________________________ S e r v i c e s _________________________________ T y p is ts , c la s s B _____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ ___ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e ____________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ________________________________ S e r v ic e s __________________ ___________ 3 7 . 0 $ 7 8 . 50 8 0 . 50 39. 5 8 4 . 50 40. 0 - - “ “ 38. 39. 38. 38. 40. 38. 37. 7 8 . 00 5 0 ! 7 9 .0 0 7 7 . 00 0 8 2 . 50 5 0 6 9 . 00 0 7 1 . 50 7 6 . 00 0 - 5 ,4 7 9 2 ,4 3 7 3 ,0 4 2 290 377 241 1 ,6 5 8 476 38. 39. 38. 39. 39. 39. 37. 37. 5 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 77. 76. 77. 84. 78. 76. 74. 81. 00 50 00 00 00 50 50 50 - 1 0 ,1 6 3 2 ,8 4 6 7 ,3 1 7 390 1 ,1 2 4 969 3 ,7 1 7 1 ,1 1 7 38. 39. 38. 39. 39. 40. 38. 38. 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 66. 69. 65. 75. 66. 65. 64. 67. 50 00 50 50 50 00 00 00 14 5 9 6 3 25 25 13 109 42 20 152 47 21 1 26 41 40 105 13 8 81 10 ' 8 --------- 3 1 5 1 3 1 ~ - 644 23 621 10 41 172 381 17 19 16 9 18 18 18 71 70 68 - - - - - " " ' ' " 3 3 1 - 1 1 1 6 r j - " " 2 2 2 - 73 3 70 30 39 1 173 32 141 14 12 75 40 306 137 1 69 10 16 106 37 2 87 77 210 72 8 98 32 438 138 300 61 11 97 131 291 64 227 1 25 15 50 36 192 114 78 47 2 4 22 149 30 119 54 2 14 26 113 42 71 6 2 4 1 80 46 34 28 1 4 4 2 - 64 16 48 11 4 15 16 2 382 226 156 14 4 9 113 16 943 400 543 30 75 30 359 49 1230 581 649 25 65 61 443 55 979 336 643 38 84 36 407 78 641 3 21 320 36 34 40 116 94 527 2 74 2 53 22 53 26 81 71 376 134 242 37 25 21 83 76 225 105 120 44 27 3 31 15 69 20 49 23 6 8 12 34 22 12 6 6 5 2 3 2 1 ‘ - 2715 2455 580“ 6 81 2035 1774 32 53 202 378 1 82 1 72 1118 1033 314 325 1653 667 986 44 246 169 394 133 872 384 488 26 120 102 177 63 498 157 3 41 60 51 43 68 1 19 96 35 61 17 13 14 1 16 83 23 60 46 1 13 44 2 42 41 1 - 8 2 2 - 2 2 - 2 2 - 1075 177 898 59 71 1 09 545 1 14 1 1 2 3 4 22 22 10 — r 2 2 - 1________ S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t t h e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a n d th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 7 a t $ 30 t o $ 3 5 ; 2 at $ 3 5 t o $ 4 0 ; 24 at $ 4 0 t o $ 4 5 ; 7 9 a t $ 4 5 t o $ 5 0 . — - - - - - - - - - - “ - ■ “ “ " - 2 _ _ _ _ 2 2 - - - . _ . - - - 1 I I - " _ _ - - - " " - . . _ _ - - - - - J _1 ' - _ _ - 10 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Chicago, 111., A p ril 1961) N UM BER OP W O RK ERS RECE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E W EEKLY EARN ING S OF A verage Sex, o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n of workers Weekly hours 1 (Standard) Weekly . U n d e r earnings1 (Standard) $ 75 . 00 $ $ 7 5 . 00 and under 8 0 . 00 8 0 . 00 S $ s $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 1 6 0 .0 0 1 6 5 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 1 7 5 .0 0 and - $ $ 8 5 . 00 - - 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 1 6 0 .0 0 1 6 5 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 1 7 5 .0 0 over M en D r a f t s m e n , l e a d e r __________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 634 298 336 39. 0 3 9 .5 38. 5 $ 1 5 4 .0 0 _ . . . . 1 4 3 .5 0 1 6 3 .5 0 - - - - - ___ _ _ _ D r a fts m e n , s e n io r M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b lic , u t i l i t i e s 3 _ ............................ S e r v ic e s ........... .... ... _ 3, 107 1 ,9 1 9 1, 1 8 8 199 868 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 1 2 8 .0 0 1 2 2 .5 0 1 3 8 .0 0 1 3 1 .0 0 1 4 1 .0 0 D r a fts m e n , ju n io r __ ,_______________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________ ____________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b lic u t il it ie s 3 2, 0 5 6 1, 4 8 5 5 71 237 39. 5 ~ 3 9 :~ 3 9 .5 39. 5 5 5 5 5 12 12 20 18 ! 2 29 27 2 26 20 6 25 14 11 46 17 29 61 40 21 38 31 7 59 30 29 43 20 23 48 13 35 33 --------~ T 31 43 1 42 2 139 41 98 56 5 51 1 49 23 3 20 1 14 _ ~ " ' 69 59 10 _ 83 74 9 _ 3 196 156 40 9 22 186 152 34 6 16 281 213 68 25 32 239 159 80 18 49 302 211 91 25 58 295 197 98 27 59 246 105 141 45 88 195 69 126 11 1 15 114 59 55 7 41 194 95 99 4 86 124 37 87 9 75 141 65 76 3 72 58 15 43 _ 1 259 208 51 7 37 222 203 19 8 313 265 48 15 201 154 47 15 159 108 51 19 72 3$ 34 28 83 34 49 25 124 38 86 75 76 31 45 3 53 5 48 9 61 27 34 4 20 2 18 _ 15 5 10 _ 4 4 _ 2 2 _ _ _ - _ _ 56 41 15 120 94 26 78 60 18 94 8i 11 47 24 23 62 40 22 35 28 7 15 13 2 20 18 2 4 1 3 _ _ _ . . . . . - - - - - - - - - ' " 1 _ 1 1 _ 1 _ 18 13 5 _ 1 1 5 26 24 2 1 1 100 76 24 9 247 227 20 6 29 25 4 48 41 7 304 9 4 .5 0 & 9 . 5 0 "* Z '7 T ~ 32 1 0 7 .5 0 21 1 0 4 .5 0 2 2 43 W om en N u r s e s , in d u s t r ia l (r e g is t e r e d ) M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 616 470 146 39. 5 3 9 .5 39. 0 9 8 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 1 9 9 .0 0 8 2 6 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 47 at $ 1 7 5 to $ 1 8 0 ; 49 at $ 1 8 0 to $ 1 8 5 ; 5 at $ 1 8 5 to $ 1 9 0 ; 6 at $ 1 9 0 to $ 1 9 5 ; 3 at $ 1 9 5 to $ 2 0 0 ; 29 at $ 2 0 0 and over. 3 Transportation, communication, and other public u tilities. 4 W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 22 at $ 6 0 to $ 6 5 ; 98 at $ 6 5 to $ 7 0 ; 152 at $ 7 0 to $ 7 5 . NOTE; See note on p. 5, relative to the inclusion of railroad s. - 11 Table A-3. M aintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Chicago, HI. , A p ril 1961) j NUM BER OF W ORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN ING S OF— s 8 s U nder 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 and earnings1 $ under 2 . 00 2 . 20 2 . 3 0 2 . 10 $ s S $ $ s $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2. 4 0 2 . 50 2 . 6 0 2 . 7 0 2 . 8 0 2 . 9 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 10 3 . 20 3 . 3 0 *3. 4 0 3 . 50 3 . 6 0 3 . 7 0 o Average 3. 80 S $ $ $ $ s 3 . 9 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 10 4 . 2 0 4 . 30 4 . 4 0 r\> and o O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of 2 . 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3 . 10 3 . 20 3 . 30 3 .4 0 8 8 - 129 54 75 66 9 82 57 25 4 17 2 37 21 16 12 2 2 55 28 27 1 22 66 61 5 2 67 64 3 1 2 65 62 3 2 74 50 24 24 69 65 4 4 " - - 42 41 1 1 130 36 94 1 147 126 21 11 2 21 150 71 - 339 257 82 9 294 2 87 7 - 347 316 31 17 376 354 22 8 5 - 71 24 - - - 210 158 52 48 1 1 2 81 60 21 21 - 1 03 34 69 22 45 2 97 60 37 9 7 2 - 237 172 65 " " 130 80 50 16 3 31 3 . 50 3 . 60 3. 70 3. 80 3 .9 0 4. 00 4 . 10 4 . 20 16 10 6 15 13 2 3 3 2 1 1 - 313 19 294 5 5 9 - - 2 3 - - - 43 207 7 6 1 1 43 24 19 - 2 2 - 7 3 4 3 - 19 - 160 128 32 75 61 14 47 44 3 - 1 13 3 4 . 30 4 .4 0 over 9 - - - 5 8 1 - - - 11 3 8 - 7 7 - 3 3 - 98 78 20 3 8 3 3 2 1 1 8 - - 1 77 52 125 3 110 12 10 6 4 4 4 - 4 4 - - 2 2 - 2 2 - - - - - 4 - 4 - - - - - " - - - I 1 1 - 15 15 - 5 5 z C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e -------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________ - ------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 -------------------------------- 1. 0 3 6 505 531 116 $ 3 . 17 Z . 94 3 .3 8 2.66 - F i n a n c e 3 ________________ ______________ 222 3 . 88 - E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e _______ _______ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------ --------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ----------- ------------------------------ 3. 066 2 , 158 908 76 3. 3. 3. 3. 21 16 34 25 - - - 12 7 5 - 1 1 - 70 61 9 - 3 . 17 - - - 3 - 7 25 25 24 24 - - - - 24 - 6 6 - 18 15 3 1 2 - " - 94 43 51 4 1 46 S e r v ic e s _______________________________ E n g i n e e r s , s t a t i o n a r y _____________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ____________________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _____________________ R e t a i l t r a d e __________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ______________________________ S e r v i c e s _______________________________ 165 2. 2 7 2 1 , 088 1, 1 8 4 104 66 260 453 301 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 2. 07 05 09 74 91 14 31 89 4 10 15 976 669 307 64 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 56 49 72 59 79 119 5 1 18 1 H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a i n t e n a n c e ---------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ JrUDixc u i i i i i i c S ..................... 1. 206 823 383 160 2. 2. 2. 2. 47 45 50 43 62 48 14 59 36 23 M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m --------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------- 1 .7 2 1 1 ,7 2 0 3. 06 3. 06 - - _ - - " F ir e m e n , s t a tio n a r y b o il e r ----------------------- M n r ,m ,n ,if a c t i r r m n 23 19 4 1 73 49 24 1 39 39 - 81 74 7 1 6 53 48 5 4 114 1 06 8 6 I - - 120 80 40 1 27 12 91 50 41 4 _ ! 9 1 _ l 28 1 9 - 1 5 46 13 432 297 251 | 93 181 j 2 0 4 1 20 ! 1 91 5 1 732 83 649 1 16 1 33 399 100 29 3 - " 1 1 54 48 6 4 2 22 19 3 3 33 9 24 182 18 164 17 54 59 56 3 83 83 19 19 12 12 198 108 90 63 192 118 74 86 68 18 31 24 7 7 4 3 37 14 23 1 1 - 9 9 1 1 }5 15 77 77 108 108 116 116 1 03 103 213 213 320 320 189 189 262 262 132 132 105 105 38 38 16 16 12 12 9 9 38 38 51 47 4 75 69 6 165 1 63 2 1?1 190 1 268 264 4 390 377 13 3?2 387 5 643 633 10 164 151 13 169 106 63 14 11 3 32 32 34 34 3 3 " “ 93 54 39 25 340 120 220 149 43 28 953 242 711 584 58 69 165 43 1 22 120 47 13 34 13 25 _ 1 12 _ 25 22 - 1 12 - 2 21 3 108 46 62 35 6 55 51 4 124 35 89 78 246 213 33 13 6 5 23 23 4 9 - - - - - - - - - - - - 12 11 1 14 14 1 M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e --------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ M e c h a n ic s , a u t o m o t iv e ( m a i n t e n a n c e ) ________________ _______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 -------------------------------W K n l p q ^ I a R e t a il tr a d e 2 .9 0 9 2, 784 125 - 16 16 * - 8 8 ! - " i _ 2 . 020 533 1 ,4 8 7 1, 106 151 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 04 06 03 05 82 3 . 11 _ _ - - - - - - 10 22 “ 10 22 - - 10 22 16 1 11 50 - 4 1 2 I 4 7 i 50 i 28 ' 22 i ' I i _______ See footnotes at end of table. 184 184 10 10 1 1 12 12 " “ “ - _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - i i1 yQ \f )j __________________________ 3 . 17 3 . 17 3 . 28 i 47| 47 ! j 1 17 4 113 89 1 22 2 62 28 34 201 11 60 25 35 1 9 2 i 11 11 3 1 12 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Chicago, ELI. , A p ril 1961) NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN INGS OF— Occupation and industry division M ech anics, maintenance -----------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------- M illw rights ________________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ O ilers ---------------------------------------------------------nivf a r t n T in g P ainters, maintenance ---------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------p iiK ln r 1 oe^ Number 3. 081 2, 704 377 $ s $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 5 S $ Average hourly , Under 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0 *3. 50 3. 60 earnings1 $ and under! 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2 .8 0 2. 9 0 3. 00 3«_10 _3j_20 -3 .3 0 . J u M . 3. 50 $ 2 .9 5 2. 92 3. 13 3 - - ■ 47 46 1 161 158 3 91 86 3 _ 21 21 - 261 252 9 288 244 44 283 266 17 432 423 9 369 358 11 146 136 10 279 101 178 5 5 3 3 - " 30 30 75 72 68 66 115 114 59 58 281 276 183 183 372 367 10 9 53 53 16 16 65 65 6 5 10 10 59 49 35 4 12 12 1 1 1 3. 10 3. 10 _ - - - - 639 592 2 .4 8 2. 45 22 22 65 65 39 39 35 35 70 70 75 72 109 106 91 91 24 24 879 336 543 96 3. 2. 3. 2. 3 2 1 1 8 8 23 3 20 3 47 24 23 23 22 13 9 8 35 22 13 9 53 38 15 68 66 2 18 15 3 2 46 20 26 25 54 29 25 24 14 14 3 3 8 8 32 22 10 42 36 6 80 44 36 127 113 14 140 135 5 104 104 34 31 16 " 4 2 12 12 5 2 11 7 28 93 50 82 - 7 7 - - - 3 3 1. 018 851 167 3. 17 3. 13 3. 36 - - - - - ■ P lu m b ers, maintenance -------------------- — Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------- 151 109 3. 23 3. 26 ‘ - ■ " S h eet-m etal w ork ers, maintenance -------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------- 280 273 3. 08 3. 09 - - - ■ Tool and die m ak ers -------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------- 4. 104 4, 104 3. 36 3. 36 ~ _ . “ - See note on p. 5; relative to the inclusion of r ailroad s. 3 3 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - _ _ _ _ _ - 1 - 1 - 2 2 " - “ 3 2 1 - - - - 1 41 14 27 _ _ _ " - - - 2 2 53 53 20 8 12 - 3 3 - - - 1 297 22 275 117 1 116 34 33 1 78 40 38 47 47 4 4 2 1 1 20 1 19 3 • 7 7 " 15 15 19 10 1 1 1 1 _ _ - - 62 62 21 21 16 16 - 2 2 9 222 7 _ 5 5 . 1 “ " - - “ “ 4 4 7 6 5 4 17 14 11 10 23 23 93 92 12 12 88 88 10 10 5 5 . . . . 52 52 58 58 76 76 123 123 273 273 355 355 432 432 658 658 894 894 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 1 .8 0 to $ 1 .9 0 . W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 10 at $ 1. 50 to $ 1. 60; 32 at $ 1 .6 0 to $ 1 .7 0; 1 at $ 1 . 7 0 to $ 1 . 8 0 ; 42 at $ 1 . 8 0 to $ 1 . 90; 33 at $ 1 . 9 0 to $ 2 . NO TE: $ 4 .4 0 and 251 244 7 _ 4. 30 3. 80 312 238 74 . 1, 366 1, 347 $ $ s $ $ 3. 80 3. 90 4 . 00 4. 10 4. 20 143 140 3 . P ip efitte rs, maintenance -----------------------Manufacturing ---------- -----------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 5 3. 70 7 7 " 1 1 4 - 17 17 2 2 1 1 - - “ 551 551 295 295 149 149 89 89 - 3 _ 1 _ - - _ - - _ _ " 13 Table A-4. Custodial and M qterial Movement Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , C hicago, 111. , A p ril 1961) NUM BER OF WORKERS RE CE IVIN G STR AIG H T-TIM E HOURLY EARN INGS OF— Occupation 1 Number of workers and industry division Elevator op era to rs, p assen ger (men) _______,____ _________________________ 1 ,3 2 8 1 ,3 0 7 S Average Under S 1 . 0 0 1 . hourly 2 earnings $ and under 1 . 0 0 1 . 1 . 10 $ 2. 14 2. 14 - 10 10 S 2 0 1. 30 1. 40 54 54 7 r 2 0 S $ $ s $ $ $ $ 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 . 60 1. 70 1 . 80 1. 90 2 . 1 8 — . 1 0 1. 50 1 . 60 1. 70 53 16 16 ~ 5 3 H 1 . 80 1. 90 24 6 24 ------ g~ 1 1 2 . 0 0 2 4 . S E levator op era to rs, p assen ger (women) ------------------------- ------------------------- 2. 25 . 10 2 . 2 0 1 0 2 . 2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 70 70 47 23 3 1 2 1 1 2 1043 1028 1 1 9 443 430 1 .4 1 1 .4 0 1. 32 - 1 - 1 2. 23 2 .2 9 2. 15 2 .4 4 2. 13 _ - 78 78 _ - _ - _ - - - - " 38 38 154 5 149 319 372 34 338 _ 1 ,7 5 0 1 ,6 21 1 .9 1 1. 98 1. 84 2 . 1 0 1 . 8 8 1. 57 2. 23 1. 57 _ 117 32 _ 230 - 1. 69 . 82 1. 67 2 ! 0 1 1. 53 1 .4 5 1 .7 2 l! 53 15 15 Public u tilit ie s 3 ___________________ W h olesale trade ___________________ Retail trade TTinflnrp ^ Services ____________________________ 5 ,4 1 1 739 4 ,6 7 2 ’ 288 97 273 3 ,0 5 0 964 - 38 L a b o r e rs, m a teria l handling ___________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilitie s 3 ___________________ W h olesale trade _______ _________ R etail trade — ____________________ 2 1 ,5 0 1 8 ,9 9 1 1 2 ,5 1 0 5 ,4 9 7 4 ,0 9 6 2 ,7 8 3 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 23 13 30 50 19 11 Order fille r s _______________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing W holesale trade ____________________ R etail trade 6 ,8 9 0 2 ,4 9 2 4 ,3 9 8 3 ,0 9 7 1 ,2 0 9 . 2 . 2 . 2. 2 . 26 19 29 33 18 P a c k e r s, shipping (men) ____________ Manufacturing __ ______ Nonmanufacturing 6 ,0 2 0 3 ,4 8 9 2, 531 1 , 994 464 2 . 08 2. 10 2. 04 2 . 08 L93 ________________ _______ Guards ______________________________________ Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Public utilities 3 ___________ ______ F in an ce 4 ____________________________ Jan itors, p o r te r s, and cleaners (men) ___________________ _________________ Manufacturing _________________ __ __ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ PiiKlir ntilitipR ^ W h olesale trade ___________________ Retail trade _________________________ F in an ce 4 _____________________________ S ervices J anitors, p o r te r s, and cleaners (women) _____________ - _____________________ Mamifartn Ting __ W h n le s a le tr a d e Retail trade _________________________ 2 1 1 2 ,4 3 6 1 ,3 2 0 1 , 1 1 6 1 6 2 682 13 ,5 4 7 6 ,6 5 3 6 ,8 9 4 936 625 1 , 9 6 2 1 2 2 37 37 28 44 44 38 126 126 _ - _ - 31 3 28 - 32 181 5 264 510 161 349 63 24 93 15 154 156 32 124 170 37 133 75 123 4 52 36 44 34 29 4 27 27 17 6 4 5 2 " 47 41 217 64 153 287 119 168 15 23 1 0 0 109 858 412 446 1457 684 773 58 78 486 18 133 987 520 467 851 629 2 2 2 252 124 1 28 3609 57 3552 45 13 25 2 2 8 8 1 2 1 2 2 6 2 1 298 10 6 8 114 214 39 117 128 39 117 1 1 6 1 2 1 2 7 34 252 482 7 38 195 13 193 19 8 2 0 51 165 13 218 2 - 7 19 32 34 15 _ _ - 29 - 29 27 2 " - - - ~ _ _ - “ - - “ - 162 129 57 72 5 50 134 56 78 4 52 242 171 71 216 227 135 92 31 51 304 107 197 24 131 274 208 460 795 573 2 0 0 2 2 2 1455 853 602 336 154 2707 735 1972 1 1 2 50 6 2 2 6 6 0 25 36 6 8 1 2 49 2 2 6 19 51 74 27 43 1522 154 150 113 37 15 - 114 33 81 79 140 24 91 91 ! 39 56 8 1 1 2 2 16 1 2 2 94 7 78 939 800 139 31 27 1 1 70 " 25 24 277 159 118 50 5 44 18 1 1 1 0 74 36 6 1 6 0 6 6 1 58 - 1 274 257 17 1 25 3 2 2 2 _ 6 6 1 2 6 1 6 2 0 2 3 2 3 2 64 59 5 3 - 2 0 2 0 - _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ 4 - ' - - - 272 387 6 6 2 1 0 179 146 33 7 10 16 28 25 3 3 5 5 - 3 3 - 15 15 - - - - - - 29 29 - 14 14 - 3 3 - _ - 29 29 - - - 14 - 206 36 170 177 72 105 114 - - 1 2 295 169 126 46 80 530 342 188 130 58 591 317 274 251 20 478 302 176 160 16 603 371 232 202 12 808 222 586 505 24 918 200 718 627 83 1062 111 951 874 75 209 102 107 101 6 305 36 269 22 247 165 8 157 2 155 49 49 - 151 56 95 81 14 122 31 91 328 163 165 59 76 263 134 129 72 48 409 260 149 97 45 479 408 71 58 13 527 369 158 108 49 366 316 50 31 18 455 228 227 151 75 782 445 337 314 23 696 317 379 376 3 552 208 344 341 3 403 230 173 118 55 59 41 18 41 40 1 14 ; i _ 1 1 6 212 68 144 63 77 5 3 1 1 _ _ 201 45 156 44 112 ! - 2 291 32 259 44 215 2 1 1 1 0 2 2 18 - - - - - - - - 28 28 17 17 25 25 45 45 21 21 29 29 18 18 - - - - - - - 1 " ' ! - 67 24 43 26 17 175 60 115 108 7 _ - 28 19 9 9 3 3 3 - - 12 98 96 _ - over 2 458 172 392 - - - 35 77 - 3 .4 0 - 2790 471 2319 2190 54 75 1 1 2 3. 30 - 1443 421 194 75 119 217 105 96 1 1 1 3. 20 - 1935 301 1634 1384 117 133 207 3. 10 - 3306 1438 1868 618 1158 92 65 65 55 2 9 6 1 $ $ $ $ $ 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0 and - 2053 483 1570 779 655 135 15 15 - 3. 00 1644 884 760 23 529 204 2 1 _ - 9 0 1399 955 444 1 281 162 31 _ - 10 1 2 3 3 10 - 2. 90 . 1 2 4 1 1 0 . 80 2 2308 1551 757 6 27 5 467 74 15 90 33 - 2 s 1635 780 855 15 575 229 58 - 1 1 2 2 15 15 ------ 2 ~ 2. 70 . 80 925 619 306 9 99 166 97 21 2 0 2 . 60 2 455 327 128 7 16 72 79 - 2 18 2 $ 508 1 2 32 2 1 39 29 60 32 96 74 2. 50_ 2. 70 26 9 1 | See footnotes at end of table, 1017 4 79 79 79 R etail trade $ $ $ $ 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 . 60 2 8 1 ,0 4 9 $ 0 0 " ' - - ' 14 Table A-4. Custodial and M aterial Movement Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Chicago, 111. , A p ril 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n Number of workers P a c k e r s , sh ip p in g (w o m e n ) ____________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________ R e t a il t r a d e ________________________ 1, 877 1, 285 592 523 R e c e iv in g c l e r k s ____ ______________ ______ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________ W h o le s a le t r a d e _ _ _ R e t a il tr a d e ________________________ 1, 985 816 1, 169 515 4 14 Sh ippin g c l e r k s ________ ________, _________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ____________ ____________ N on m a n u fa c tu rin g _____ ________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e __________________ R e t a il t r a d e ________________________ S hipping and r e c e iv in g c l e r k s ________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________ W h o le s a le tra d e __________________ R e t a il tr a d e _______________________.. T r u c k d r iv e r s 5 _ ^__ _______ _ M a n u fa ctu r in g _ ___ __ __ _ _ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 __________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e __________________ R e t a il tr a d e ________________________ 1, 598 948 650 429 177 1, 035 466 549 301 172 $ $ $ $ $ $ S U nder 1. 00 1 . 10 1 .2 0 1. 30 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 hourly earnings 2 and $ under 1. 00 rl . 10 1 . 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 . 60 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 7 1 .8 3 1. 62 1 .6 1 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 37 36 38 39 30 48 53 41 53 14 45 45 44 60 16 045 807 238 579 795 638 2. 83 1 . 89 2. 83 2. 83 2. 84 2. 83 T r u c k d r iv e r s , lig h t (u n d e r 1XU to n s) ____________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _________________ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 _______________ 2, 117 1, 344 1, 100 2 . 82 2. 72 2 . 79 T r u c k d r iv e r s , m e d iu m ( l 1^ to and in clu d in g 4 ton s) ___________ _________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 _______________ W h o le s a le tr a d e _______________ 4, 274 505 3, 769 2, 454 1, 027 2 .7 5 2. 71 2. 75 2. 74 2 .8 3 T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 ton s, t r a i l e r ty p e) ___ *........... .......................... M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________ N on m a n u fa ctu n in g ________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 3 _______________ W h o le s a le t ra d e _______________ R e t a il tr a d e ____ ________________ 5, 602 413 5, 189 3, 433 609 1, 147 2 .9 1 2 .9 1 2 .9 1 2. 90 2. 99 2. 90 See footnotes at end of table. 14, 1, 12, 7, 2, 1, $ $ 1. 70 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ S $ $ 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2 . 30 1. 80 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 $ 6 $ $ 2 .5 0 2 . 60 2 . 70 2 . 80 2. 90 s $ $ S $ 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 and over - - - - 16 15 1 1 - 57 57 57 7 7 7 34 29 5 5 129 8o 49 37 354 264 150 118 239 173 66 66 167 55 112 110 389 284 105 105 247 236 11 9 74 51 23 9 79 74 5 2 2 - 9 7 2 74 74 - 9 9 6 6 - - 1 1 _ - . - _ - _ - 24 12 12 2 9 39 5 34 12 20 36 22 14 1 12 187 129 58 27 27 113 70 43 6 34 128 36 92 44 48 177 119 58 22 34 222 43 179 106 66 193 63 130 112 10 380 55 325 99 17 195 102 93 79 13 141 130 11 5 6 98 8 90 90 6 4 2 2 4 2 2 2 - - 17 17 15 1 1 - " 7 7 7 _ - - 1 1 1 - - - 84 28 56 13 43 71 43 21 22 82 46 36 36 46 35 11 5 6 379 *19 160 132 28 170 123 47 19 14 137 56 81 72 5 229 148 81 73 “ 108 67 41 37 4 62 58 4 4 22 21 1 1 " 6 6 - 43 15 28 28 51 29 22 22 11 11 - " - - 60 21 39 39 130 102 28 10 11 53 36 17 17 26 11 15 11 70 7 63 53 4 53 3 50 21 8 161 64 97 59 15 111 89 72 61 10 105 95 10 9 64 43 19 8 6 18 10 8 4 2 42 42 42 " 1 1 - 6 6 - - " - 37 16 21 14 7 19 . 2 1 1 - 328 645 65 580 104 69 189 2269 394 1875 1183 461 231 1955 194 1761 1468 196 97 2915 304 53 242 5 66 3 63 20 43 2938 - 2778 2229 436 113 2795 1982 321 492 2375 819 1556 335 805 4 14 419 27 392 128 242 22 21 21 20 1 25 25 25 - 30 30 30 - “ - 34 11 11 17 14 14 286 271 101 472 370 368 41 33 30 456 456 455 25 25 25 643 21 15 11 ll 5 21 21 20 25 25 25 30 30 30 1 1 44 1 43 39 5 5 1 244 27 217 2 1204 253 951 583 368 1322 115 1209 1083 86 958 66 892 735 139 272 32 240 240 93 12 81 74 131 131 13 118 - - " 481 31 450 199 70 181 276 42 234 180 10 44 992 86 906 896 251 4 83 2429 1866 71 492 1050 169 881 177 350 354 240 240 - - - - - - - - " - - - - - 3 " 8 3 5 3 3 8 . 19 8 8 - 19 10 9 26 9 17 10 3 42 21 21 19 - - " . - 3 - - - - _ - - - - - - ~ 8 3 2 1 - 3 3 - 3 52 28 24 6 - . - " ~ 13 - - " - - - “ " - ~ 13 13 - 13 13 - - " ~ 28 24 1 24 1 23 " 1 - - " " 19 1 18 23 23 “ 1 1 " 19 19 1 ' 24 8 41 - 8 3 41 2 - 5 39 I 166 - 10 126 no 108 22 ~ - 31 36 1 1 - 15 Table A-4. Custodial and M aterial Movement Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision, C hicago, 111. , A p ril 1961) NUM BER OF W O RK ERS RECE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN INGS OF— Occupation 1 and industry division Number of s S hourly , Jnder 1 . 0 0 1 . and earnings $ under 1 . 0 0 1 . 10 1 . $ . 10 1 2 0 2 0 1. 30 $ s 1. 30 1 .4 0 1 .4 0 1. 50 $ $ $ $ $ $ 1. 50 1 . 60 1. 70 1 . 80 1. 90 2 . 1 . 6 0 1. 70 1 . 80 1. 90 2 . 0 0 2 . S S 0 0 2 . 10 2 1 0 2 . 2 0 2. 30 . 2 0 $ 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 . 40 2. 50 *-------- iS 2. 50 2 . 2 . 60 6 0 $ $ $ $ S $ $ $ 2. 70 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0 and 2. 70 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 287 256 146 486 482 130 61 58 48 589 573 143 37 480 381 99 58 223 199 24 24 - 13 S 9 9 - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - " 64 48 16 16 “ 5 5 “ 4 4 " " 3. 30 3. 40 over “ - l T ru ck d rivers: 5— Continued T ru ck d rivers , heavy (over 4 tons , other than tra ile r type) --------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------Public utilities 3 ------------------------ T r u c k e r s, power (forklift) _______________ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________ _________ Public utilities 3 ----------------------------W h olesale trade ___________________ R etail trade _________________________ T ru ck ers , power (other than forklift) ___________________________________ Manufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing _____________________ Watchm en --------------------------------------------------Manufacturing __________ _____ — __ Nonmanufacturing ______ _____________ PuhUr 1itiPR ^ R etail trade _________________________ 1 2 3 4 5 1 ,5 3 2 1 ,4 5 1 467 3 ,7 8 3 2 ,9 7 7 $ 2 2 2 23 23 .90 . 90 .89 3 138 524 138 2 .4 4 2 .4 2 2. 51 2. 54 2. 50 2. 50 848 607 241 2 .4 0 2. 37 2 .4 7 - 3 ,9 6 8 952 3 ,0 1 6 99 318 2, 225 1. 58 1 . 8 6 1 .4 9 2. 30 l! 6 8 1 . 39 35 35 54 30 24 37 37 _ 35 5 19 8 0 6 2 1 19 - 196 187 9 - - 19 19 - - - 2 1 2 1 47 47 36 36 1 42 42 575 520 55 50 5 18 1 6 2 82 8 319 6 6 74 253 2 2 14 17 15 16 1868 16 1852 237 40 197 13 1829 37 96 2 0 6 2 0 1 156 50 127 74 3 34 13 10 See note on p. 5 , relative to the inclusion of railroad s. 99 80 19 8 1 9 0 Data lim ited to m en w orkers except where otherw ise indicated. Excludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olid ays, and late shifts. T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. F in ance, in suran ce, and real estate. Includes all d rivers regard le ss of size and type of truck operated. NO TE : 60 60 - 40 158 6 l 97 33 3 181 8 6 95 3 61 6 186 1 2 0 6 6 119 45 74 8 35 3 2 285 248 37 26 10 335 229 106 2 0 78 8 269 142 127 34 90 3 647 531 108 4 589 384 205 146 59 173 139 34 1 1 6 79 75 4 125 34 91 78 23 55 98 65 33 84 63 108 29 24 5 4 61 19 42 42 8 8 2 1 2 0 18 1 1 2 3 49 49 1 2 29 1 6 14 8 6 8 8 " 8 8 ■ 10 ~ " 1 1 . 1 . _ _ 1 1 - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n tia ls of m an ufacturin g plant w o r k e r s by type and am ount of d iffe r e n tia l, C hicago, 111. , A p r il 1961) P e r c e n t of m an ufacturin g plant w o r k e r s— In e sta b lish m e n ts having f o r m a l p r o v isio n s 1 fo r ---- Shift d iffe r e n tia l T h ird or other sh ift w ork Second sh ift w ork T otal _________________________________________________ W ith sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l _______________________ A ctu a lly w orking on— Second sh ift 88 . 3 78. 7 17. 7 T h ird or other sh ift 5. 7 87. 2 77. 5 17. 4 5. 7 ____________________ 42 . 6 35 . 0 8. 4 2. 9 4 cen ts _______________________________________ 5 cen ts _______________________________________ 6 cen ts _______________________________________ 7 or 71/ 2 cen ts ______________________________ 8 cen ts _______________________________________ 81/ 2 cen ts ____________________________________ 9 cen ts _______________________________________ 10 cen ts ______________________________________ 11 cen ts ______________________________________ 12 cen ts ______________________________________ I 2 V 2 cen ts __________________________________ 13 cen ts ______________________________________ 14 or 14 1/ 2 cen ts ___________________________ 15 cen ts ______________________________________ O ver 15 cen ts _______________________________ .4 3. 6 2. 1 2. 4 6. 2 . 7 . 8 19. 3 . 2 1. 7 . 3 1. 0 .5 2. 0 1 .4 .4 .6 (2 ) .7 .3 7. 1 .2 9 .2 2. 7 1 .0 .7 10. 5 1 .8 . 1 .3 .6 .7 1 .7 .2 .2 3. 3 ___________________________ 36. 0 5 p erc en t ____________________________________ 7 p erc en t _________________________________ _ ! z p erc en t _________________________________ 10 p erc en t ___________________________________ 121/ 2 p erc en t ________________________________ 1 3 p erc en t ___________________________________ 15 p erc en t ___________________________________ 9. 3 - U n iform cen ts (p er hour) U n iform p ercen tage - - 25 . 9 .5 - . 3 - .2 ( 2) .2 (2) .4 . 3 . 1 .2 .2 (2) 1 .7 . 3 32. 7 6. 4 2. 0 1 .4 . 5 1 .4 25. 9 .5 .2 2 .9 2. 3 4. 0 ( 2) . 1 . 1 (2) . 3 1 .2 ( 2) .4 - .2 . 3 . 1 F u ll d a y 's pay fo r redu ced h ou rs, plus cen ts or p erc en ta g e d iffe r e n tia l __________ 1. 8 3 .9 .6 .2 Other fo r m a l pay d iffe r e n tia l _______________ 6. 7 5. 9 2. 0 .6 __________________________ 1. 2 1 .2 .4 (2) N o sh ift pav d iffe r e n tia l 1 In clud es e sta b lish m e n ts cu rren tly op erating late sh ifts, even though they w e r e not c u rren tly op erating late s h ifts. 2 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t. and e sta b lish m e n ts with f o r m a l p r o v isio n s c overin g late sh ifts 17 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for W om en O ffice W orkers (D istrib u tio n of e sta b lish m e n ts studied in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by m in im u m en tran ce sa la r y fo r s e le c te d c a te g o r ie s of in ex p erien c ed w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s , C h icago, 111. , A p r il 1961) In exp erien ced typ ists M anufacturing M in im u m w eekly s a l a r y 1 Other in ex p erien c ed c le r ic a l w o rk ers 2 N onm anufacturing M anufacturing B ased on standard w eekly h ours 3 of— A ll in d u strie s A ll sch edu les 37V 2 40 A ll sch edu les 3 7 1/ 2 A ll sch edu les 40 N onm anufacturing B a sed on standard w eekly h ours 3 of— A ll in d u strie s 37l /2 40 A ll sch e d u les 3 7 1/ 2 40 466 180 XXX XXX 286 XXX XXX 466 180 XXX XXX 286 XXX XXX 246 113 19 79 133 25 79 261 110 16 79 151 27 93 Under $ 4 0 . 00 _________ _________ _________________________________ $ 4 0 . 00 and under $ 42 . 50 ------------------------------------------------------$ 4 2 . 50 and under $ 4 5 . 00 __________________________________ $ 4 5 . 00 and under $ 4 7 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 4 7 . 50 and under $ 50. 00 ____________________________________ $ 50. 00 and under $ 52. 50 ____________________________________ $ 52. 50 and under $ 5 5 .0 0 ____________________________________ $ 55. 00 and under $ 57. 50 ____________________________________ $ 57. 50 and under $ 6 0 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 60 . 00 and under $ 62 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 6 2 . 50 and under $ 6 5 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 6 5 . 0 0 and under $ 6 7 . 50 ____________________________________ $ 6 7 .5 0 and under $ 7 0 .0 0 _______________________________1____ $ 70 . 00 and under $ 72 . 50 ------------------------------------------------------$ 7 2 .5 0 and under $ 7 5 .0 0 ____________________________________ $ 7 5 .0 0 and under $ 7 7 . 5 0 ____________________________________ $ 7 7 . 50 and under $ 80. 00 ____________________________________ $ 80 . 00 and under j 82. 50 __________________ __________________ $ 82 . 50 and under $ 8 5. 00 ____________________________________ $ 8 5 .0 0 and under $ 87 . 50 ------------------------------------------------------$ 8 7 . 50 and under $ 90 . 00 ____________________________________ $ 9 0 . 00 and under $ 9 2 . 50 ____________________________________ O ver $ 9 2 .5 0 ____________________________________________________ 2 1 1 1 19 14 46 28 _ 1 1 7 11 5 15 6 2 1 1 14 7 31 17 24 10 7 7 4 _ 1 1 8 6 17 16 14 9 9 2 11 1 6 1 1 1 7 2 7 4 7 _ _ 2 5 3 1 2 1 1 _ 1 _ _ 2 2 1 5 6 23 16 31 15 18 5 8 3 _ 3 6 2 1 2 1 1 _ _ _ 3 6 8 3 3 1 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 4 4 15 8 17 3 13 2 5 3 _ 3 6 2 1 2 1 1 - 3 2 3 1 1 1 4 _ 1 2 1 2 2 1 6 7 31 22 48 31 32 14 17 5 13 4 2 8 1 _ _ 2 1 7 4 5 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 4 6 12 6 11 7 _ 2 3 4 3 3 1 2 1 _ - _ 22 15 _ 1 5 7 15 11 20 12 8 E sta b lish m e n ts having no sp ec ified m in im u m ------------------------ 101 43 XXX XXX E sta b lish m e n ts which did not e m p loy w o rk ers in this c a te g o r y __________________________________________________ 119 24 XXX XXX E sta b lish m e n ts studied ___________________________________________ E sta b lish m e n ts having a sp ec ified m in im u m ________________ 44 7 2 2 5 7 1 4 1 - 4 1 1 7 2 - 1 1 10 3 19 4 16 4 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 4 1 2 1 58 XXX XXX 112 95 XXX XXX 93 _ _ 1 6 1 4 _ 1 1 8 1 - _ - _ _ - 1 - - - 46 XXX XXX 66 XXX XXX 24 XXX XXX 69 XXX XXX 12 3 2 3 9 2 1 1 6 1 1 1 8 1 1 L o w e st sa la r y rate fo r m a lly e sta b lish e d fo r h irin g in exp erien ced w o rk ers for typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s . R ates ap plicab le to m e s s e n g e r s , o ffic e g ir ls , or s im ila r su b c le r ic a l job s are not c o n sid e r e d . H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich e m p lo y ee s r e c e iv e th eir r eg u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data are p resen ted for a ll w orkw eeks com b ined, NOTE: See note on p. 1 8 , re la tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s . 7 7 _ and fo r the m o st co m m o n w orkw eeks rep orted . 18 Table B-3. Scheduled W e e k ly Hours (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of office and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by schedu led w ee k ly hours of f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , C h ic a g o , 111. , A p r il 1.961) OFFICE WORKERS W e e k ly h o u r s A ll w o r k e r s All industries _______________________________________________ U n d e r 35 h o u r s ________________________________________ 35 hour s __________________________________________________ 36 h o u r s __________________________________________________ 3 6 1/* h o u r s _______________________________________________ O v e r 3 6 l U a n d u n d e r 37 V 2 h o u r s ________________ 3 7 V 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 7 V 2 a n d u n d e r 3 8 3 /4 h o u r s ------------------------3 8 3 /4 h o u r s _______________________________________________ O v e r 3 8 3 4 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s ____________________ 4 0 h o u r s ___________________________________________________ O v e r 40 and u n d er 45 h o u rs ________________________ 4 5 h o u r s ___________________________________________________ 4 6 h o u r s ___________________________________________________ 4 8 h o u r s ________________ ________________________________ O ver 48 h ou rs __________________________________________ 1 2 3 4 Manufacturing Public 1 utilities Wholesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance2 Services 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 6 6 - 2 - 3 1 - 10 - 15 3 6 29 5 8 - 28 32 (4 ) 5 1 17 3 9 2 1 21 - (4 ) 58 (4 ) 55 (4 ) - 15 - - (4 ) (4 ) 3 1 1 94 - 17 - 8 - (4 ) 17 3 23 10 7 2 68 2 - - 9 (4 ) 1 - (4 ) 90 1 - - AU 3 industries Manufacturing 100 100 1 2 1 3 - 1 3 2 5 - 2 3 (4 ) (4 ) 84 3 1 - (4 ) - - - - - (4 ) - - - 1 3 1 Public j utilities 100 Wholesale trade 100 4 - (4 ) - 100 2 - 2 2 _ 1 - (4 ) (4 ) - - - - 84 97 85 77 - 3 12 3 - 1 2 8 (4 ) 1 1 1 - E stim a te s for a ll in d u strie s and public u tilitie s include data for r a ilr o a d s (SIC 4 0 ) , om itted fr o m the scope of a ll lab or m a rk et w age su rv e y s m ad e b e fo r e July 1959. W h ere sig n ific a n t, the effe ct of the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s is g r e a te st on the data shown s e p a r a te ly for the public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Service* 100 - T r a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s . F in a n c e , in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te . Includes data for r e a l estate in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p erc en t. NOTE: Retail trade 1 1 (4 ) 70 8 1 12 4 19 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of office and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u strie s and in industry d iv isio n s by num ber of paid holid ays p rovided annually, C h icago, 111. , A p r il 1961) OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o r k e r s .. . _ ... All industries ........ ... . W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s .... _____ . . W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o p a id h o lid a y s __________________ __________________ N um ber L 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 of Manufacturing Public utilities1 Wholesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance 2 Services AU ,3 industries' 6 h o lid a y s .................. .............................. ________________ _______ ________ ____________ ___ p lu s 1 h a lf d a y _ p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s _____________ ___________ ________________________ p lu s 3 h a lf d a y s ________________________ p lu s 4 h a lf d a y s ________________________________________________ p lu s 1 h a lf d a y _ . . .. p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s p lu s 3 h a lf d a y s h olid ays plus 4 h alf d ays _ . 8 h olid ays ___________________________________________ 8 h olid ays plus 1 h alf day _ _____________________ 8 h olid ays plus 2 h alf d ays ______________________ 9 holid ays ___________________________________________ 1 0 h olid ays _______ ___________________________________ _______________ ______ 1 0 h olid ays plus 1 h alf day 11 h olid ays __________________________________________ 11 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day ______________________ 11 h olid ays plus 2 h alf d ays _____________________ Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100 10 0 10 0 100 100 100 100 10 0 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 100 100 10 0 100 99 98 99 100 100 98 92 (4) (4 ) - - - 2 1 - 2 8 (4) 25 4 8 _ _ _ _ _ 26 6 15 5 1 4 3 35 3 12 1 23 4 17 4 70 23 63 - 49 3 1 1 10 3 - 39 1 13 1 (4) 1 53 - - 20 4 1 45 (4) 29 3 2 30 5 (4) - 2 ( 4) - - 9 1 1 5 9 1 1 7 21 16 - 3 (4 ) (4 ) - - 8 2 1 (4) - 12 - - _ 1 - - " " 3 ______________________ _____ _____ ____ ________ I I V 2 or m o r e days _______________________________ 11 or m o r e days _ ... I O V 2 or m o r e d ays _______________________________ 1 0 or m o r e days ___________________________________ 9 or m o r e days ____________________________ _____ 8 V 2 or m o r e days _________________________________ 8 or m o r e d ays ____________________________________ 7 * /z or m o r e days _____________________ _____ _____ _ 7 or m o r e days ____________________________________ b x ! z or m o r e days _________________________________ 6 or m o r e days ................................ .................................. 5 or m o r e days _ ...... _ . . . .......... 4 or m o r e days . . . . ... ......... . 3 or m o r e days _ ... . ... _ . . . 1 or m o r e days ..... . ... .. . 1 55 3 2 - - 13 5 7 16 1 5 5 2 4 (4 ) (4) 31 1 37 2 (4) (4) 43 - - 5 9 10 20 - - 4 (4 ) - - 3 3 14 (4 ) ( 4) (4) 4 - (4 ) 1 - - - 1 41 2 27 3 (4) - - 8 1 3 23 13 ( 4) 1 (4) (4 ) - - (4) 3 1 1 (4) _ . _ (4 ) - i 1 2 10 10 10 17 19 31 34 71 74 99 99 99 99 99 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 3 3 3 6 6 22 27 60 61 100 100 100 100 100 - - - 7 8 17 23 67 73 99 99 99 99 99 12 14 36 36 94 95 100 100 100 100 100 1 1 1 1 1 2 48 51 100 100 100 100 100 3 10 44 44 44 51 57 69 74 87 90 100 100 100 100 100 _ 4 4 4 4 8 9 24 24 42 44 99 99 99 99 99 1 T r an sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s . 2 F in ance, in su ra n ce , and re a l e sta te . 3 In clud es data fo r r e a l esta te in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 L e s s than 0 . 5 p erc en t. 5 A ll com b ination s of full and h alf d ays that add to the sam e amount are com b in ed; fo r ex am p le, the p rop ortion of w o r k e r s no h alf d a y s, 6 fu ll days and 2 h alf d ays, 5 fu ll d ays and 4 h a lf d a y s, and so on. P ro p o rtio n s w e r e then cum u lated. See note on p. 1 8 , - - (4 ) (4 ) - 34 7 3 ( 4) 24 - (4) 10 - Total holiday time5 1 2 days Public . utilities * d a ys e s s th a n h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s h o lid a y s NOTE; Manufacturing r ela tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s . _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ (4 ) (4) 1 _ _ 1 _ (4) (4 ) (4) 1 4 4 13 15 58 61 96 96 98 98 98 1 3 3 13 16 70 74 98 98 99 99 99 _ 14 14 34 34 76 76 100 100 100 100 100 1 1 18 22 56 58 99 99 99 100 100 (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) 1 1 24 24 94 94 94 95 98 . _ (4 ) (4 ) (4) (4 ) (4 ) 1 2 6 6 69 69 92 92 92 rec eiv in g a total of 7 days in clu d es those w ith 7 full days and 20 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of o ffic e and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by v acatio n pay p r o v is io n s , C h icago, 111. , A p r il 1961) OFFICE WORKERS V acation p o lic y A ll w o rk ers All industries Manufacturing Public utilities 1 100 100 99 100 99 99 - (4) - - (4 ) (4 ) - 100 Wholesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 - 5 - - - Finance 2 100 Services All industries3 Manufacturing Public utilities1 Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 - 100 _ 90 86 95 94 9 _ 100 _ _ 93 7 7 _ 4 4 4 - - Method of payment W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p roviding paid v a catio n s _________________________ L e n g t h -o f-tim e paym ent ___________ P erc en ta g e paym ent _______________ F la t -s u m paym ent __________________ O ther __________________________________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p roviding no paid vacatio n s _____________________ 1 (4) - - (4) 3 (4 ) “ ~ 1 2 “ “ ' Amount of vacation p ay5 A fte r 6 m onths of se r v ic e Under 1 w eek _____________ 1 w eek ______________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 w eeks _____________________ 5 47 10 52 9 4 5 27 - 1 44 1 22 14 3 ' ' 9 ' 2 63 23 5 11 56 17 12 6 4 10 5 - ~ ~ 79 1 15 26 4 _ 6 2 4 21 25 9 6 (4) - - A fte r 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e 1 w eek ______________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 w eeks _____________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 w eeks _____________________ 25 1 72 (4) 2 17 2 77 5 50 21 75 50 75 - 2 - 27 - 25 98 - 4 73 - (4) - " 1 4 81 77 _ 62 73 85 2 9 1 23 - 36 27 15 7 ■ _ 2 _ _ (4) - ' A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ______________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 w eeks _____________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 w eeks _____________________ 2 3 6 (4 ) 88 88 1 - 3 9 7 39 55 - 3 2 91 4 1 99 (4) 1 - 41 33 26 - 6 5 21 4 99 - 97 2 48 34 68 1 1 46 _ 4 7 _ 52 2 11 28 88 66 6 (4) " - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ______________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks 2 w eeks _____________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 w eeks _____________________ (4 ) 1 88 - 2 1 - 94 100 93 99 1 1 - 4 5 10 88 84 4 4 99 - 8 13 1 1 (4 ) 8 10 - _ 12 99 - 83 19 60 2 74 2 ' " 15 4 7 2 89 4 97 - 89 8 68 2 87 3 82 7 3 3 29 1 A fte r 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 week ______________________ 2 w eeks _____________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 w eeks _____________________ See footnotes at end of tab le. (4 ) 3 8 3 4 11 _ 100 _ 5 6 6 _ _ 87 94 99 2 (4 ) 1 - 99 _ 1 96 2 2 89 _ 11 97 _ 3 21 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of offic e and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by vacatio n pay p r o v is io n s , C h ic a g o , 111. , A p r il 1961) OFFICE WORKERS V acation p o lic y A m o u n t o f v a c a tio n All industries Manufacturing Public . utilities 1 Wholesale PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance2 Services Al! 3 industries Manufacturing Public j utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Services p a y 5 --------C o n t in u e d A fte r 10 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek ________________________________________________ 2 w eeks _ _ __ _ _________ ______ _____ O ve r 2 and under 3 w eeks -----------------------------------3 w eeks _______________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w eeks ________________________ 4 w eeks _______________________________________________ _ _ _ _ _ . _ 44 8 46 41 8 47 4 71 14 15 - 48 4 44 3 31 68 32 12 55 - 53 44 2 43 15 40 3 36 21 40 (4 ) 3 (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) (4 ) 2 13 1 81 3 1 " 3 7 1 87 3 2 11 1 68 2 15 2 3 5 1 77 3 11 (4 ) 2 11 1 46 5 34 2 3 (4 ) 2 - (4 ) - . . . . 74 14 12 - 51 8 41 1 30 69 (4 ) 87 13 - A fte r 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek ______________________ _______________________ 2 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ________________ ____ '___ 3 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks ________________________ 4 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 4 w eeks _______________________________________ _ . 9 1 85 2 3 9 2 85 (4 ) - “ 8 (4 ) 72 1 17 2 8 73 1 17 (4 ) (4 ) 4 (4 ) 88 11 1 . . _ . 18 3 76 3 - 9 - 3 93 2 2 35 91 (4 ) - 55 9 (4 ) - - 6 65 (4 ) 29 3 84 2 10 34 56 3 32 50 17 (4 ) . . _ _ 85 14 1 15 82 4 15 84 82 11 7 - - - - 13 79 (4 ) A fte r 20 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek ________________ _______________________________ 2 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ________________________ 3 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks ________________________ 4 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 4 w eeks _____________ _______________________ 77 2 9 11 17 3 50 - 30 (4 ) 9 (4 ) - 15 - - 65 21 14 51 1 34 63 61 25 14 15 _ 35 1 49 13 _ 40 48 (4 ) 24 - 14 1 7 A fte r 25 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek ________________________________________________ 2 w eeks ______________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ________________________ 3 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks ________________________ 4 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 4 w eeks _______________________________________ 1 2 3 4 5 include _ 8 42 2 45 2 . _ 8 38 (4 ) 3 51 (4 ) 52 1 36 11 . 17 31 3 49 6 17 77 (4 ) 59 2 33 3 (4 ) T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c om m u n ic ation , and ether public u tilitie s . F in a n c e , in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te . Includes data for r e a l estate in addition to those in du stry d iv ision s shown se p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p ercen t. P e r io d s of se r v ic e w ere a r b itr a r ily ch osen and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individual p r o v isio n s for p r o g r e s s io n s . changes in p r o v isio n s o c cu r r in g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . F o r e x a m p le , 5 1 48 9 34 1 17 9 (4 ) the changes in p roportion s indicated at 10 y e a r s ’ s e r v ic e N O T E : See note on p. 18, re la tiv e to the in clu sion of r a ilr o a d s . In the tabulations of vacatio n a llo w a n ces by y e a rs of s e r v ic e , paym ents other than "len g th of t im e " annual ea rn ings or f la t -s u m p a y m e n ts, w ere con verted to an equivalent tim e b a s is ; for e x a m p le , a paym ent of 2 p ercen t of annual earn ings w as con sid ere d as 1 w e e k ’s pay. 74 _ such as p ercen tage of 22 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t of o ffic e and plant w o rk ers in a ll in d u strie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s em ployed in esta b lish m en ts p roviding h ealth, in su ra n ce , or p en sion b e n e fits, C h icago, 111. , A p r il 1961) OFFICE WORKERS Type of b en efit A ll w o r k e r s All industries _________________________________________ Manufacturing Public . utilities1 Wholesale trade PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance 2 Services All industries'5 Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 99 96 90 92 99 83 94 54 60 42 68 46 48 52 57 81 85 84 83 94 70 67 88 44 63 21 48 36 32 35 73 48 44 58 67 7 59 48 8 12 6 23 1 58 2 5 14 87 85 65 60 74 88 74 73 71 91 90 74 49 77 89 89 74 69 83 74 56 41 57 90 89 63 30 61 8 1 94 94 62 23 65 1 100 Public , utilities1 Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100 100 98 99 91 84 82 65 48 62 42 44 96 72 78 82 77 87 39 55 49 73 3 29 36 3 13 9 22 3 40 1 80 80 75 73 65 91 89 72 31 63 3 85 78 47 36 62 2 91 89 84 18 25 7 100 100 W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts providing: L ife in su ran ce ---------------------------------------------------A cc id e n ta l death and d ism e m b e r m e n t in su ran ce ---------------------------------------------------------S ick n ess and accid en t in su ran ce or s ic k le a v e or b o th 4 __________________________ S ick n ess and accid en t in su ran ce ________ Sick le a v e (full pay and no w aiting period) -----------------------------------------S ick le a v e (p a rtia l pay or waiting period) ____________________________ H o sp ita liza tio n in su ran ce ____________________ S u rg ic a l in su ran ce _____________________________ M e d ic a l in su ran ce ______________________________ C ata strop h e in su ran ce ________________________ R e tire m e n t pen sion ____________________________ No health, in su ra n ce , or pen sion plan ____ 1 88 65 47 72 ( 5) 88 59 (5) 1 92 89 32 69 77 ( 5) 88 ( 5) 1 T ran sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s . 2 F in a n c e, in su r a n ce , and r e a l e sta te . 3 Includes data fo r r e a l estate in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . 4 Unduplicated total of w o r k e r s rec e iv in g sic k le a v e or sic k n e ss and accid en t in su ran ce shown sep a r a te ly b elo w . S ic k -le a v e plans a re lim ite d to those the m in im u m num ber o f days* pay that can be expected by each em p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n c es d eterm in ed on an individual b a s is are exclu d ed . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p erc en t. NOTE: See note on p. 18, rela tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s . which d efin itely e sta b lish at le a st 23 A ppendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller , machine (billing machine)— Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of* the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) — Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types o f sales and credit slips. Class A — Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record o f one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of b asic book keeping* Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or a ssist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 24 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocation s. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. Class B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accountingwork is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. CLERK, FILE Class A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , cla ss ifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May per form incidental clerical duties. Class B— Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or a ssists in locating material in file s. May perform incidental clerica l duties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipnin? invoices with original orders. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilities, reproduces multiple cop ies o f typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare sten cil or Ditto master. May keep file of used sten cils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon si b ilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a sp ecified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerica l work. 25 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerica l duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls . May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who ca ll in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerica l work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo se supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B— Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp e cific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp e cific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. 26 TYPIST— Continued TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing processes. May do clerica l work involving little sp ecia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A— Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- tuation, e tc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B— Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance p o licie s, e tc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. P R O F E SSIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur p oses. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-section s, e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued involved in strength o f materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records o f patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations o f applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p encil. Uses T-square, com pass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 27 M A IN T E N A N C E D PO W ERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded . HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp e cific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are a lso performed by workers on a full-time basis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma ch inist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 28 MACHINIST, MAINTEN A.^ C E — Continued MILLWRIGHT— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo se tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the m achinists work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective partSL_irom stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specification s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various size s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded . 29 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker* fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross “industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an o ffice , apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman 6r stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 30 L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G — Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. L o n g sh o rem en , w ho load and unload s h ip s are e x c lu d e d . SH IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K — C ontinued For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: R e c e i v i n g clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and r e c e iv in g clerk ORDER F IL L E R T R U C K D R IV E R (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers' orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such a s: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D r iv e r -s a le s m e n and o v e r -th e -r o a d d rivers are ex c lu d e d . P A C K E R , S H IP P IN G Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and m ay in v o lv e on e or more o f the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a c k e r s who a ls o m ake w ood en b o x e s or c ra tes are e x c lu d e d . SH IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work i n v o lv e s : A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. R e c e iv i n g w ork i n v o l v e s : Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in voices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Tru ckdriver (com bin a tion o f s i z e s l i s t e d s e p a r a te ly ) Truckdriver, ligh t (under l l/ 2 t o n s ) Truckdriver, medium (1V2 to and in clu din g 4 to n s) Truckdriver, h e a v y ( o v e r 4 to n s, trailer t y p e ) Truckdriver, h e a v y ( o v e r 4 to n s, oth er than trailer t y p e ) T R U C K E R , POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, p o w e r (fo rk lift) Tru cker, p o w e r (o th er than fo rk lift) W A TC H M AN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ■fc U .S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1 9 6 1 O — 601094