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Occupational Wage Survey CHICAGO , ILLINOIS APRIL 19S8 Bulletin No. 1224-14 U N IT E D ST A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F J a m e s P. M i t c h e l l , S e c r e t a r y LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Claguo, Commissioner 85th Congress, 2d Session House Doc. No. 2 8 5 — Pt. 14 Occupational Wage Survey CHICAGO, ILLINOIS APRIL 1958 B u lle tin N o . 1224-14 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR ST T IC A IST S Ewan Clague, Commissioner June 1958 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents Pr*fac* Contents Page T h e C o m m u n ity W age S u r v e y P r o g r a m Th e B u re a u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic # r e g u la r ly co n d u cts a reaw id e wage s u r v e y s in a n u m b e r o f im p o rta n t in d u s t r ia l ce n te rs. T h e s tu d ie s , m ade fr o m la te f a ll to e a r ly s p r in g , re la te to o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and re la te d su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits. A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t i s a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n of the stu d y in e a ch a r e a , u s u a lly in the m onth fo llo w in g the p a y r o ll p e rio d stu d ie d . T h is b u lle tin p ro v id e s a d d itio n a l data not in c lu d e d in the e a r l ie r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly tic a l b u lle tin s u m m a r is in g the r e s u lt s o f a ll o f the y e a r ’ s s u r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le tio n o f the f in a l a r e a b u lle tin f o r the c u r r e n t ro u n d o f s u r v e y s . In tro d u c tio n . . . . . . . . . __. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _________________ —_____ W age tre n d s fo r s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s ___ __ ____ ________ . . . 1 4 T a b le s : 1. 2. A: B: E s t a b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in sco p e of s u r v e y ________ In d e x e s o f s ta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s , and p e rc e n t o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r i o d s -----------------------O c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s * A - l : O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s . . . . ------------- — — . . . . . . . . . . --------------A - 2: P r o f e s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s ------------------ —— A - 3: M a in te n a n ce and pow er p la n t o ccu p a tio n s ---------- —. A - 4: C u s t o d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a tio n s — —— E s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s * B - l : S h if t d if fe r e n t ia ls --------------------------------------------------------------B - 2 : M in im u m e n tra n c e r a te s f o r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ~ ~ B - 3 : S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s — ----------------— — ------------------B - 4 : O v e r t im e p a y . ~ . — — ---------------— ------- -------------------— — B - 5 : W age s t r u c t u r e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s and la b o r m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s -------------------------------. . . . . . . . . . . . . B - 6 : P a id h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------------------------------------B - 7 : P a id v a c a t i o n s --------— — ----------------------------------- —— ------B - 8 : H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n p la n s — ---------------------— A p p e n d ix : Jo b d e s c r ip t io n s -------------------------------------------------------------------- * N O T E : S i m i l a r ta b u la tio n s f o r m o s t o f th e se it e m s a re a v a ila b le in the C h ic a g o a r e a r e p o r t s f o r A p r i l 1951, M a r c h 1952, M a rc h 1953, M a r c h 1954, A p r i l 1955, A p r i l 1956, and A p r i l 1957. P r i o r to the p re p e n t r e p o r t , d a ta on w age s t r u c t u r e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , and o v e rtim e p ay p r o v i s io n s w e re la s t show n in the 1954 s u m m a r y re p o rt* T h e 1955 r e p o r t in c lu d e d d ata on fre q u e n c y o f w age p a y m e n ts, and p a y p r o v is io n s f o r h o lid a y s f a llin g on n o n w o rk d ay s not in c lu d e d in o th e r r e p o r t s . A d ir e c t o r y in d ic a t in g date o f stu d y and the p r ic e o f the r e p o r t s , a s w e ll a s r e p o r t s f o r o th e r m a jo r a r e a s , i s a v a ila b le upon re q u e s t. C u r r e n t r e p o r t s on o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w age p r a c t ic e s in the C h ic a g o a r e a a r e a ls o a v a ila b le f o r the m a c h in e r y in d u s t r ie s ( A p r il 1 9 58), and f a b r ic a te d s t r u c t u r a l s te e l (M a rc h 1957). U n io n s c a le s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a re a v a ila b le f o r the fo llo w in g tra d e s o r in d u s t r ie s : B u ild in g c o n s tr u c tio n , p r in t in g , lo c a l - t r a n s it o p e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o t o r tr u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . 2 4 5 9 9 11 13 14 15 15 16 17 19 21 22 Occupational Wag* Survoy - Chicago, III.* Introduction T h e C h ic a g o a r e a is one of s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u s t r ia l c e n te r s in w h ich the D e p a rtm e n t of L a b o r 's B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s h as co n d u cte d s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and re la te d wage b e n e f it s on an a re a w id e b a s is . In each a r e a , data a re ob tained b y B u re a u fie ld agen ts f r o m re p re s e n ta tiv e e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g ; tr a n s p o rta tio n (e x c lu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s ; w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s * M a jo r in d u s tr y g ro u p s e x c lu d e d fr o m th ese s tu d ie s , b e s id e s r a ilr o a d s , a re g o v e rn m e n t o p e ra tio n s and the c o n s tru c tio n and e x t ra c t iv e in d u s t r ie s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b er of w o r k e r s a re o m itte d a ls o b e c a u se they fu r n is h in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o ccu p a tio n s stu d ie d to w a r r a n t in c lu s io n . 1 W h e re v e r p o s s ib le , s e p a ra te ta b u la tio n s a re p ro v id e d fo r e a ch of the b ro a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s . T h e s e s u r v e y s a re co n d u cted on a s a m p le b a s is b e ca u se of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e sta b lish m e n ts* T o o b tain a p p ro p ria te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p ro p o rtio n of la r g e than of s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is studied* In c o m b in in g the d ata, how e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a re g iv e n th e ir a p p ro p ria te w e ig h t. E s t im a t e s b a se d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ie d a re p re s e n te d , th e r e fo r e , a s r e la tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u s try g ro u p in g and a r e a , e x ce p t fo r those below the m in im u m s iz e studied* O c c u p a tio n s and E a r n in g s T h e o ccu p a tio n s s e le c te d fo r stu d y a re co m m o n to a v a r ie t y of m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . O c c u p a tio n a l c l a s s if ic a t io n i s b a s e d on a u n ifo rm s e t of jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e sig n e d to take a cco u n t of in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n in d u tie s w ith in the sa m e jo b (see ap p en d ix fo r lis t in g o f th e se d e s c r ip t io n s ) . E a r n in g s data a re p re se n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) fo r the fo llo w in g typ e s of o c c u p a tio n s: (a) O ffic e c le r ic a l; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c) m a in te nance and p o w e rp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m ovem ent* O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a re show n fo r f u ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , those h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e ek ly s c h e d u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a tio n a l c la s s if ic a t io n * E a r n in g s data e xclu d e p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h if t s . N o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u se s a re e x clu d e d a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b o n u se s and in c e n tiv e e a rn in g s a re in c lu d e d . W here w e e k ly h o u rs a re re p o rte d , a s f o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , re fe re n c e is * T h is r e p o r t w as p re p a re d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in C h ic a g o , 111*, b y W oodrow C . L in n , u n d er the d ir e c tio n of G e o rg e E . V o ta v a , R e g io n a l W age and In d u s t r ia l R e la tio n s A n a ly st* 1 See tab le on page 2 f o r m in im u m - s iz e e s ta b lis h m e n t co v e re d * to the w o rk s c h e d u le s (ro u nd e d to the n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r) fo r w h ich s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r ie s a re paid; a v e ra g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s fo r these o c c u p a tio n s have been rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e stim a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the sco p e o f the study and not the n u m b e r a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e of d iffe r e n c e s in o ccu p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e am ong e s t a b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s of o c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t obtained fr o m the sa m p le of e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce of the jo b s studied* T h e se d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e do not m a t e r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y of the e a r n in g s d ata. E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p le m e n ta ry W age P r o v is io n s In fo rm a tio n is p re se n te d a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits a s they r e la te to o ffic e and p la n t w o rk e rs * T h e te rm " o ffic e w o r k e r s ," as u se d in th is b u lle tin , in c lu d e s a ll o ffic e c le r i c a l e m p lo y e e s and e x c lu d e s a d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l p e rs o n n e l. " P la n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o rk in g fo re m e n and a lln o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in c lu d in g le a d m e n and tr a in e e s ) e ngage d in n o n o ffice fu n c tio n s . A d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l e m p lo y e e s , and f o r c e -a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s who a re u t iliz e d as a se p a ra te w o rk fo r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . C a fe t e r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m en a re e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s t r ie s , but a re in c lu d e d as plan t w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s trie s * S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l data (tab le B - l ) a re lim it e d to m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s trie s * T h is in fo rm a tio n is p re se n te d both in te r m s of (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p re se n te d in te r m s of to ta l p lant w o rk e r e m p lo y m e n t, and (b) e ffe c tiv e p r a c t ic e , p re s e n te d on the b a s is of w o rk e rs a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d s h ift at the tim e of the s u r v e y . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts h a v in g v a r ie d d if fe r e n t ia ls , the am ount a p p ly in g to a m a jo r it y w as u se d o r , if no am ount a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y , the c l a s s if ic a t io n " o th e r" w as u s e d . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich som e la t e s h ift h o u rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as re c o rd e d on ly i f it a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y of the s h ift h o u r s . M in im u m e n tra n c e r a te s (table B - 2 ) re la te o n ly to the e sta b lis h m e n ts v isite d * T h e y a r e p re se n te d on an e sta b lis h m e n t, ra th e r than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s is * O v e rtim e pay p r a c t ic e s ; p aid h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n p la n s a re tre a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is th at th ese a re a p p lic a b le to a ll plan t o r o ffic e 2 A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d a s h a v in g a p o lic y i f it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d itio n s: (1) O p e ra te d la te s h ifts at the tim e of the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h if t s . 2 w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify fo r the p r a c t ic e s lis t e d . S c h e d u le d h o u r s , w age s tr u c tu r e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , and la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts a re tre a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is th at th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll p la n t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y a r e c o v e r e d .3 B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s in th e se ta b u la tio n s do not n e c e s s a r ily e q u a l t o t a ls . T h e f i r s t p a r t o f the p a id h o lid a y s ta b le p re s e n ts the n u m b e r of w hole and h a lf h o lid a y s a c t u a lly p ro v id e d . T h e se co n d p a r t co m b in e s w hole and h a lf h o lid a y s to show to ta l h o lid a y t im e . T h e th ir d s e c tio n p re s e n ts a l i s t o f the p a id h o lid a y s and the p ro p o rtio n s o f w o r k e r s to w hom th e y a r e g ra n te d a n n u a lly . T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s is lim it e d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , e x c lu d in g in f o r m a l p la n s w h e re b y tim e o ff w ith pay i s g ra n te d a t the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S e p a ra te e s tim a te s a r e p ro v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in co m p u tin g v a c a tio n p a y m e n ts, s u c h a s tim e p a y m e n ts, p e rc e n t o f an n u al e a r n in g s , o r f la t - s u m a m o u n ts. H o w e v e r, in the ta b u la tio n s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p aym en ts not on a tim e b a s is w e re c o n v e rte d ; fo r e x a m p le , a p a ym en t o f 2 p e rc e n t o f an n u al e a rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d a s the e q u iv a le n t o f 1 week* s p a y . D a ta a re p re s e n te d fo r a ll h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n p la n s fo r w h ich at le a s t a p a rt o f the c o s t is b o rn e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x ce p tin g o n ly le g a l re q u ire m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n 's co m p e n sa tio n an d s o c ia l s e c u r it y . S u c h p la n s in c lu d e th o se u n d e rw ritte n b y a c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e co m p a n y and th o se p ro v id e d th ro u g h a u n io n fund o r p aid d ir e c t ly by the e m p lo y e r out of c u r r e n t o p e ra tin g funds o r fr o m a fund s e t a s id e fo r th is p u rp o s e . D eath b e n e fits a re in c lu d e d a s a fo r m o f lif e in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e is lim it e d to that type of in s u ra n c e u n d er w h ich p re d e te rm in e d c a s h p aym en ts a re m ad e d ir e c t ly to the in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . In fo rm a tio n i s p re se n te d fo r a ll su ch p lan s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s . H o w e v e r, in N ew Y o r k and New J e r s e y , w h ich have e n a cted te m p o ra ry d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w h ich re q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,4 p la n s a re in c lu d e d o n ly if the e m p lo y e r ( l ) c o n trib u te s m o re than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r \Z) p ro v id e s the em p lo yee w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the re q u ire m e n ts of the la w . T a b u la tio n s o f p a id s ic k - le a v e p la n s a re lim it e d to f o r m a l p la n s 5 w h ich p ro vid e f u ll pay o r a p ro p o rtio n o f the w o r k e r 's pay d u rin g a b se n ce fr o m w o rk b e c a u se of il ln e s s . S e p a ra te ta b u la tio n s a re p ro v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) p la n s w h ich p ro v id e f u ll p ay and no w a itin g p e rio d , and (2) plan s p ro v id in g e ith e r p a r t ia l pay o r a w a itin g p e rio d . In a d d itio n to the p re s e n ta tio n o f the p ro p o rtio n s of w o r k e r s who a re p ro v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n c e o r p aid s ic k le a v e , an u n d u p lica te d to ta l is show n of w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both typ e s of b e n e fits . 4 T h e te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lif o r n ia and Rhode Is la n d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n trib u tio n s . 5 A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as h a v in g a f o r m a l p la n i f 3 S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u rs f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s ( f i r s t s e c tio n o f e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b e r of d a y s of s ic k le a v e that it ta b le B - 3 ) w e re p re s e n te d in e a r l ie r y e a r s in te rm s o f the p r o p o r co u ld be e xp e cte d b y e a ch e m p lo y e e . S u c h a p lan need not be w ritte n , tio n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o f fic e s w ith the in d ic a te d but in fo r m a l s ic k le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s is , w e e k ly h o u rs fo r w om en w o r k e r s . w e re e x c lu d e d . Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Chicago, 111., 1 by major industry division, ApriL 1958 Industry division All divisions _____________________ Minimum employment in establish ments in scope of study Workers in establishments Within scope of study Studied Studied Total3 Office Plant T otals 3,168 ___________________________ Manufacturing _____ ______ _______ — _________ ....— -----Nonmanufactur ing ____ ____________________ ..____________ — Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities4 __...... Wholesale trade _ _ _______ _________________ .. .._ _ _______ _ Retail trade .. ______ ____ . . _ _ .... __ Finance, insurance, and real estate __________ ______________ Services4 _ ___ _ __ _____ . . . . . . . . . _ ----- ----- - Number of establishments Within scope of study * 11 0 - 11 0 51 11 0 51 51 435 1,053, 100 230,100 632.900 503.830 1,327 1,841 168 267 581,700 471,400 92,200 137,900 401,100 231,800 252,370 251,460 130 607 216 363 525 33 64 47 49 74 87,600 86UQ0 137,000 81,400 79,300 20,800 25*900 25, 700 51,000 14, 500 48,100 38,500 96, 700 8,400 40,100 23,780 95, 740 37,350 25,500 9 69,090 1 The Chicago Area (Cook County). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. * Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum-size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. s Includes executive, technical, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 4 Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation. Chicago»s transit system is municipally operated and, therefore, excluded by definition from the scope of the studies. 4 Hotels;^personai services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services. 3 C a ta s tro p h e in s u r a n c e , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to a s extended m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in c lu d e s those p la n s w h ich a r e d e sig n e d to p ro te c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e of s ic k n e s s and in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n se s beyond the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e of h o s p ita liz a t io n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g fo r co m p le te o r p a r tia l p aym en t o f d o c t o r s 1 fees* S u c h p la n s m a y be u n d e rw ritte n b y c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p ro fit o r g a n iz a t io n s o r they m a y be s e lf - in s u r e d . T a b u la tio n s of r e t ir e m e n t p e n sio n p la n s a re lim it e d to those p la n s th at p ro v id e m o n th ly p a ym en ts fo r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o rk e r* 8 li f e . W ith r e fe re n c e to w age s tr u c tu r e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , p ro p o rtio n s o f tim e and in c e n tiv e w o r k e r s d ir e c t ly r e f le c t e m p lo y m e n t u n d er e a ch pay s y s t e m . H o w e v e r, b e c a u se o f te c h n ic a l c o n s id e r a t io n s , a ll t im e ra te d w o r k e r s (p la n t o r o ffic e ) in an e s ta b lis h m e n t w ere c la s s if ie d to the p re d o m in a n t type of ra te s t r u c t u r e a p p ly in g to th e se w o rk e rs * In c e n t iv e -w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t w as c la s s if ie d a c c o r d in g to the p r e d o m in a n t type o f in c e n tiv e p lan in e ach e sta b lish m e n t* G ra d u a te d p r o v is io n s fo r p re m iu m o v e rtim e pay w ere c l a s s i fie d to the f i r s t e ffe c tiv e p re m iu m r a t e . F o r e x a m p le , a plan c a llin g fo r tim e and o n e -h a lf a fte r 8 and double tim e a fte r 10 h o u rs a day w as ta b u la ted a s tim e and o n e -h a lf a fte r 8 h o u r s . S im il a r ly , a plan c a llin g fo r no p ay o r pay a t r e g u la r ra te a fte r 37x h o u rs ( r e g u la r /a w e e k ly sch e d u le ) and tim e and o n e -h a lf a fte r 40 w as c o n s id e re d as tim e and one - h a lf a fte r 40 h o u rs* 4 Wsgs Trends for Sslected Occupational Groups T h e ta b le b elo w p r e s e n ts in d e x e s of s a la r ie s of o ffic e c l e r i c a l .w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , and of a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f s e le c te d p la n t w o r k e r g ro u p s . F o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , the in d e xe s re la te to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s fo r n o r m a l h o u rs of w o r k , that i s , the s ta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le fo r w h ic h s tr a ig h t * t im e s a la r ie s a r e p a id . F o r p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e ch a n g e s in s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g p re m iu m p a y fo r o v e rtim e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h if t s . T h e in d e x e s a r e b a se d on data fo r s e le c te d k e y o ccu p a tio n s and in c lu d e m o s t of the n u m e r ic a lly im p o rta n t jo b s w ith in e a ch g ro u p . Th e o ffic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a se d on w om en in the fo llo w in g 18 jo b s : B i l l e r s , m a c h in e ( b illin g m a c h in e ); b o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B ; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; c le r k s , f ile , c la s s A and B ; c le r k s , o r d e r ; c le r k s , pay** r o ll; k e y -p u n c h o p e r a to r s ; o ffic e g i r l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; s te n o g ra p h e r s , g e n e ra l; sw itc h b o a rd o p e r a to r s ; s w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ; ta b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ; t r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l; and t y p is t s , c la s s A and B . T h e in d u s t r ia l n u r s e data a r e b a se d on w om en in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 10 s k ille d m a in te n an ce jo b s and 3 u n s k ille d jo b s w e re in c lu d e d in the p la n t w o r k e r data: S k ille d — c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is t s ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , au to m o tiv e ; m illw r ig h t s ; p a in te r s ; p ip e fit t e r s ; s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s ; and tool and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; la b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ; and w a tch m en . A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e re com puted f o r e a ch of the s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s . T h e a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o r h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e re then m u lt ip lie d b y the a v e ra g e o f 1953 and 1954 e m p lo y m e n t in the jo b . T h e s e w e igh te d e a rn in g s f o r in d iv id u a l o c c u p a tio n s w e re then to tale d to ob tain an a g g re g a te fo r e a ch o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p . F i n a lly , the r a t io of th e se g ro u p a g g r e g a te s fo r a g iv e n y e a r to the a g g r e g a te f o r the b a s e p e r io d (s u r v e y m o n th, w in te r 1 9 5 2 -5 3 ) w a s com p u ted and the r e s u lt m u lt ip lie d b y the b a se y e a r in d e x (100) to g et the in d e x f o r the g iv e n y e a r . T h e in d e x e s m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c ts of ( l ) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w age c h a n g e s; (2) m e r it o r o th e r in c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e iv e d b y in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in 'the sa m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g e s in the la b o r f o r c e s u c h a s la b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n g e s in the p ro p o rtio n of w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe re n t p a y le v e ls . C h a n g e s in the la b o r fo r c e ca n c a u s e in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout a c tu a l w age c h a n g e s . F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e e x p a n s io n m ig h t in c r e a s e the p r o p o rtio n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s in a s p e c if ic o ccu p a tio n and r e s u lt in a d ro p in the a v e r a g e , w h e re a s a re d u c tio n in the p ro p o rtio n of lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s w ou ld have the o p p o site e ffe c t. T h e m o vem en t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t out of a n a r e a co u ld c a u s e the a v e ra g e e a rn in g s to d ro p , e ve n though no chan ge in r a te s o c c u r r e d in o th e r a r e a e s t a b lis h m e n ts . T h e u s e o f c o n sta n t e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h ts e lim in a t e s the e ffe c ts o f ch a n g e s in the p ro p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s re p re s e n te d in e a ch jo b in c lu d e d in the d a ta . N o r a r e the in d e x e s in flu e n c e d b y ch a n g e s in sta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le s o r in p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t im e , s in c e they a r e b a se d on p a y f o r s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r s . In d e x e s f o r the p e r io d 1953 to 1957 fo r w o r k e r s in 14 m a jo r la b o r m a r k e t s a p p e a re d in B I B B u ll. 1 2 0 2 , W ages an d R e la te d B e n e fits , 17 L a b o r M a r k e t s . 1 9 5 6 -5 7 . Table 2: Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Chicago. III., A pril 1958 and A pril 1957, and percent of increase for selected periods indexes (March 1953-100) Industry and occupational group April 1958 A ll industries: Office cle rica l (w o m e n )-------------------- ---------------------------- A pril 1957 Percent increases fr o m -— A pril 1957 to A pril 1958 A pril 1956 to A pril 1957 April 1955 to A pril 1956 . March 1954 ‘"‘March 1953 to to April 1955 March 1954 March 195Z to March 1953 Skilled maintenance (men) ...... .......■ --------- --------------------■ ■ Unskilled plant ( m e n ) -------------- ------- ----------- ---------- ------- 126.1 130.9 12 7.6 124.8 120.5 122.8 121.3 119.0 4. 7 6 .6 5.3 4.9 5.4 5.0 5.0 4 .0 4.3 6.0 5.1 4 .6 3 .6 4.2 3.3 3.5 5 .8 5.9 6.3 5 .7 5. 7 5.4 6.5 4.9 Manufacturing: Office clerical (women) ----- — ------------- --------- --------Industrial nurses (women) — ........ ..... ......... — ----------— Skilled maintenance ( m e n ) ---- ---- — ------------------ ---- — ---Unskilled plant ( m e n ) --------— ---------------------------------------— 127.3 130.9 128.2 124.6 120. 6 122.8 121. 7 118.5 5. 5 6 .6 5.3 5.1 5 .4 5.0 5.5 4.9 4.2 6.0 5 .8 5.0 3 .4 4.2 3.1 2. 7 6.2 5.9 5.8 4 .8 5.2 4 .6 6.1 6. 6 5 A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l: Office Occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupation* studied on an area b asis in Chicago, I I I ., by industry division, A p ril 1958) NUM BER O W RK F O ERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM W E EEKLY EARN GS O — IN F $ $ S $ s $ t $ $ $ $ t $ $ $ $ $ W eekly. W eekly. Under 45.00 50.00 55.00 60. 00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 houn 1 earnings*’ tan (Standard) (S dard) 9 and 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75.00 80.00 85. 00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 over — Atsbaos Sex, occupation, and industry division — N ber um of — — Men - - - _ - - - - - - . - 1 1 1 - Clerks, accounting, class A --------------------------------------Manufacturing------ ------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------------Public utilities f — ---------------------------------------------Wholesale trade -----------------------------------------------Retail trade ------------------------------------------------------Finance f t -------------------------------------------------------- 2, 164 1, 085 1,079 147 444 125 298 39.0 39.5 39.0 39.0 39.5 39.0 37. 5 97.50 99. O0 96.50 102.00 97.00 98.00 92.00 . - Clerks, accounting class B ---------------------------------------Manufacturing-------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------- ------------------------------Wholesale t r a d e ------- ---------------------------------------F in a n ce ff----------------------------------------------------------- 1,179 776 325 131 39.0 39. 0 39.5 39.5 39.0 77.50 82. 00 75.00 73.50 75.50 . _ . - - Clerks, order -----------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing------------ — ------------------— --------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------------Wholesale trade ------------------------------------------------ 2, 147 5G Z 1, 545 1,366 39.5 39.5 40.0 40.0 94.50 9 2 . Oo 95.50 97.00 - - Clerks, payroll ------------------------------ — -------------------------Manufacturing — -----------—— ------------------------- — — — Nonmanufacturing ------------- -—— -------------------- — — 470 329 141 39.0 39.0 39.0 91. 50 91.50 91.00 Office boys ----------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------------------------Public utilities f -----------------------------------------------Wholesale trade -----------------------------------------------Retail trade -----------------------------------------------------Finance + + ---------------------------------------------------------Services ------------------------------------------------------------ 1, 777 515 1,262 103 157 105 591 306 38.5 39.0 38.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 37.0 38.0 57.50 59.00 56.50 64.50 57.50 57.00 56.00 55.00 Tabulating-machine o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------Manufacturing--------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing — -----------------------------------------------Public utilities f ----------------------------------------------Wholesale t r a d e ------------------— ---------------------------Retail t r a d e ------------—-------------------------------- —---Finance -------------------------------------------------------Women Billers, machine (billing m a ch in e)----------------------------- 2, 174 906 1,268 180 257 138 547 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.0 38.0 85.00 88. 00 83.00 89.50 86.00 80. 50 78.50 Nonmanufacturing ■■ i.m — ..... — 50 32 18 2 5 1 8 123 '58 65 8 18 12 20 173 67 106 6 45 18 34 216 84 132 29 42 7 45 384 166 218 24 92 13 86 337 6 13 3 10 1 7 167 9 79 19 44 219 111 88 17 53 13 1 248 152 96 10 42 9 22 173 T6 77 10 48 11 2 69 48 21 1 11 3 6 73 35 38 4 5 19 10 79 42 37 27 3 7 44 15 29 19 - 102 25 77 49 9 193 48 145 45 52 207 53 154 90 11 144 43 101 35 5 150 43 107 32 23 161 43 118 32 31 65 41 24 14 - 49 37 12 3 - 38 37 1 1 * 6 6 4 - 1 1 18 l8 - - - - - “ - - - . - - 2 2 2 48 6 42 33 11 1 10 6 121 64 57 43 126 39 87 59 300 73 227 192 291 193 152 301 75 226 200 209 64 145 136 178 90 88 83 169 4z 127 127 131 17 114 114 61 61 61 80 3 77 69 119 30 89 89 - - - 2 1 1 7 5 2 11 -• 11 36 23 13 56 43 13 53 34 ' 19 54 43 11 69 59 10 37 32 5 44 25 19 36 24 12 46 28 18 5 4 1 9 2 5 1 4 68 5 63 _ 45 18 158 54 104 3 4 6 76 15 486 115 371 5 76 25 153 112 429 .138 291 12 16 36 124 103 331 111 220 13 28 35 107 37 218 43 175 64 21 3 79 8 37 12 25 6 4 . 7 8 23 10 13 8 _ 5 8 8 11 ll . - . . - 8 6 . - - - - 2 34 34 1 3 _ 30 78 12 66 6 16 12 31 220 54 166 12 25 22 95 196 89 107 12 23 9 50 284 “ 103 181 14 12 18 123 330 145 185 18 53 39 59 223 122 101 15 17 10 48 258 117 141 32 35 4 47 198 94 104 32 14 12 25 149 1u 79 18 30 5 14 43 IB 25 1 9 1 5 16 7 9 1 5 1 1 7 6 1 1 274 180 64 116 34 165 100 53 47 41 36 3 33 11 17 16 1 1 11 11 21 16 5 5’ - - - - - - - 2 . 2 - 1,352 686 39.5 68. 50 4 66 64 414 39.0 40.0 39.0 68.50 74.50 68.50 4 _ - 26 666 14 T50 40 50 164 4 85 113 51 46 38 166 30 209 292 39.5 68.50 26 9 31 38 41 38 435 38.5 65.00 359 38. 0 63. 00 “ Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A ...............— 1,056 3 8.5 - 7 Nonmanufacturing----- ------------------------------------ 608 207 38.0 39.0 40 .5 36.0 80.50 8 0 .0 0 ' 80.50 81.50 78.00 79.00 . . . . . . 39. 0 101 229 Sat footnote at and of tabla. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. ■ 7 ■ ' 7 1 6 l61 83 82 62 78 11 4 22 14 28 14 26 26 - 290 126 177 72 108 36 166 21 12 61 ... 13 60 46 14 2 134 35 99 36 26 36 84 133 5 4 l i " 32 20 176 52 1 113 13 114 62 55 5 1 1 24 83 41 2 69 39 117 56 61 13 15 5 15 - 11 13 22 i1o - - 17 ------2— 15 ---- 5— 11 15 10 11 - 2 11 2 ---- 2 — 8 • * i - 4 i3 3 6 5 1 6 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Chicago, III. , by industry division, April 1958) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Num ber of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ W eekly W eekly Under 45.00 50. 00 hours 1 earnings1 $ (Standard) (Standard) ■ 45. 00 under -50.JHL 55.00 $ 55. 00 $ 60. 00 60.00 65.00 $ $ 65. 00 70.00 70.00 75.00 $ 75.00 80.00 $ 80.00 85.00 $ $ 85.00 9 0 . 0 0 9 0.00 95.00 $ $ $ $ S $ $ 95.00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 125.00 and nvpr 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 15.00 17.0.00 175.00 Women - Continued $ Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B — Manufacturing--------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------------Wholesale trade ------------------------------Retail tr a d e -------------------------------------Finance f f ----------------------------------------Services -------------------------------------------- 4, 094 1 , 006 3,088 462 264 2, 156 l4 l 38.5 39.0 38.0 39.5 4 0 .0 37. 5 38.0 Clerks, accounting, class A ---------------------Manufacturing--------------------- ----------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------Public utilities f -------------------------------Wholesale trade ------------------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------Finance f t -----------------------------------------Services ------------------------------------------- 2,490 68.0 0 65.50 67.00 71.50 - 19 2 39.0 39.6 3 9.0 40 .0 3 9.5 39.5 38.0 38.0 84.00 8 6 . 56 82.50 87. 50 85.00 82.50 79.00 81.00 Clerks, accounting, class B Manufacturing---------------Nonmanufacturing---------Public utilities f --------Wholesale trade -------Retail trade---------------Finance -ft-----------------S e r v ic e s ----- ------- ----- - 5,284 1,564 3, 720 296 800 1,234 1,006 384 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 38.0 38.5 68.0 0 Clerks, file, class A --------Manufacturing----- — -------Nonmanufacturing ---------Wholesale trade -------- 1,805 647 1, 158 F in a n c e tt----------------------- 561 38.5 39.0 38.5 39.0 38.0 Clerks, file, class B --------Manufacturing---------------Nonmanufacturing---------Public utilities f -------Wholesale trade -------Retail tr a d e --------------Finance f t ------------ -----Services -------------------- 4, 787 472 691 624 2, 581 419 Clerks, order --------Manufacturing ----Nonmanufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade ---Clerks, payroll --------Manufacturing------Nonmanufacturing Public utilities f Wholesale trade Retail t r a d e ----Finance f t --------Services --------- 918 1,572 248 336 219 577 19 2 6 ,22 1 1,434 1,807 639 1 , 168 627 483 2,379 1,305 1,074 208 228 266 159 213 38.5 39. 0 38.5 40 .0 39.0 4 0 .0 37.5 39.0 " 71. TO 67.00 6 6.0 0 71.50 66.50 69.50 71.00 64. 50 63. 50 68.0 0 6 8.0 0 69. 50 67.50 71.00 65.50 55.50 59. bo 54.50 59.50 59.00 54.00 53.00 55.00 3 9.5 39. 0 39.5 39.5 40 .0 65.50 72.00 56.50 39.0 39.0 3 9.0 3 9.5 39.5 4 0 .0 37.0 3 8.5 76.50 76.50 76.50 79.00 76. 50 69.50 81.50 79.00 68.0 0 72.50 6 99 339 960 101 92 238 54 41 138 5 rcz858 145 55 624 30 1 20 21 3 51 “ . . “ . - 20 9 9 . . 9 . - 118 118 . . 48 70 - 20 _ . - 20 393 36 363 7 13 149 141 53 - «. 6 83 15 1 6 68 12 1 - 3 356 356 79 277 - 729 78 651 . 56 475 34 7 7 . 7 65 65 . 64 1 7 86 - 2 1 5 - . 1 - See footnote at end of table. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f f Finance, insurance, and real estate. 9 9 - 5 - " 51 1821 505 1521 80 178 174 860 229 184 17 167 16 140 43 17 26 . 23 - 3 1301 229" 1072 111 41 848 45 1 1 81 111 8 25 . “ 73 - 86 11 2 10 52 66 8 4 1169 906 544 126 418 7 60 142 147 62 199 65 134 81 15?Z 418 1179 144 137 134 703 61 212 27 185 91 85 81 36 45 2 5 29 3 6 325" 841 93 186 293 219 50 3 3 675 zrrr 468 82 59 300 14 285 134 151 34 14 98 5 221 157 46 119 9 19 64 55 25 5 - 286 43 243 45 53 39 74 32 433 171 262 47 35 31 131 18 483 223" 255 40 57 67 83 8 711 356 63 703 253 450 63 129 152 75 31 285 621 61 108 177 212 397 423 267 306 44 190 244 33 125 155 42 24 1147 332 156 176 48 59 45 91 wr 757 166 172 105 232 82 179 112 153 45 108 31 55 1 4 14 7 350 94 256 97 150 305 226 148 114 29 91 85 302 184 118 13 46 36 7 206 118 391 16 20 157" 135 4 212 9 179 59 47 40 13 19 20 88 34 8 18 mr nr 6 l33 531 173 21 22 88 146 221 83 60 217 8b 137 33 34 15 27 21 139 79 60 26 21 91 26 65 53 2 467 2 70 197 20 40 70 27 40 20 322 131 191 25 65 25 14 341 89 252 34 47 24 73 74 199 93 62 95 13 16 2 6 79 55 24 60 1 22 343 181 212 - 162 36 38 10 50 28 39 30 14 99 113 22 19 24 19 29 2 1 1 1 . . _ - - - 104 3 46 19 32 4 2 9 21 13 33 130 60 70 19 10 2 6 1 26 1 8 3 3 - 59 27 32 nr 136 65 71 4 19 13 28 7 57 22 145 1W 45 9 - . - " . “ - - _ - - - - 4 2 - 2 104 30 74 73 1 . 2 3 3 - 22 “ 23 zr - 1 - 8 4 - 4 - 8 8 4 21 2 " 2 5 . - 19 i5 48 7 - 2 2 - 4 - - 7 44 8 2 6 4 10 6 51 1 1 43 28 15 . 13 - 179 87 92 15 3 - _ - 38 2 21 6 1 1 1 - . 8 8 . . . - 3 - 4 8 - . . “ 18 10 26 10 10 10 8 3 3 - 21 17 22 18 2 35 5 3 _ _ _ . - 11 1 3 6 1 8 . _ _ - _ . - 22 11 54 9 8 74 3i " 43 30 3 _ _ _ - 14 12 2 2 - - - 19 15 5 - 10 _ 5 . 4 5 10 8 5 5 - - - 4 " " 1 4 - - “ 2 “ 7 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an Area basis in Chicago, I I I ., by industry division, A p ril 1958) Sex, occupation, and industry division N ber um of NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS 0 7 A kxaoi v S S $ $ $ t S S S $ S $ S t t t S W eekly W eekly ^ Under 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 houn I and and (Standard) (S dard) $ tan 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 over W om en - Continued C om ptom eter operators ————----- — — Manuf a c t u r i n g --------------—---------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g --------— —------------- Public utilities t ---------------------W holesale t r a d e ------------------------R etail t r a d e --------------------------------Finance f t — ...... -•...—————-------— S erv ices — — — — — — — — — D uplicating-m achine op erators (m im eograph or d i t t o ) --------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g -------------- ------- --------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------K ey-punch operators — M a n u fa c tu r in g -----Nonmanufacturing Public utilities f W holesale trade Retail trade ----Finance f t ---------O ffice g i r l s ---------------M an u factu rin g -----Nonmanufacturing W holesale trade Retail trade — Financeft -------S ecretaries — — -----Manufacturing -----Nonmanufacturing • Pu blic utilities f W holesale trade Retail trade ----- Financeft---------- S ervices ----------- Stenographers, general M an ufacturin g--------Nonmanufacturing — Public utilities f Wholesale trade Retail t r a d e -------Finance f f -----------S ervices — ------— Stenographers, technical Manufacturing ---------Nonmanufacturing — — 3,602 1,256 2,346 133 595 876 285 457 420 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.5 37.5 40.0 175 39.0 39.3 39.0 4,2 79 T77ZT 2, 554 329 514 351 1,034 $ 72.00 "73: SO" 70.00 74.00 76.00 66.00 64.50 71.50 63.50 2 22 68 2 22 1 9 59 4 - . . 2 . ■ 38.5 39.0 38.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 38.0 69.50 71.60 68.50 72.50 68.50 5 5 _ . - 1. 140 396 744 105 167 371 39.0 39.6 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 56.50 59.56 55.00 55.00 54.50 55.00 11,403 4, bZ3 6,580 530 1,332 1,353 2,040 1,316 39.0 39.0 38.5 39.5 39.0 39.5 37.5 3 7.5 10,456 “ iJ 'f i r " 5,598 505 1,464 528 1,957 1,144 38.5 39.6 38.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 37.5 37.5 375 38.5 262 38.0 113 40.0 62 .50 66.00 66.50 26 10 16 5 1 25 97 56 33 89 252 73 50 74 167 94 56 139 16 129 4 32 77 111 112 8 368 125 243 34 49 131 372 94 2 78 47 43 157 46 226 5 5 5 2 66 160 10 191 ' 364 104 13 40 43 20 8 9 5 4 88.00 83.00 84.00 115 71 44 431 TZTT 305 30 104 53 44 . . 15 - 74. 00 ‘73766” ' 73.00 78.00 73.50 69.00 70.50 75.50 5 - 1 - 86.00 82.50 8 420 37 96 145 29 113 42 42 _ 3 27 85.50 92.00 83.50 12 28 35 418 154 264 14 35 39 142 34 11 5 18 5 1 12 . - _ . “ . “ - . 5 _ . “ 55 69 42 ------ T T 34 13 700 274 426 28 58 94 228 906 441 465 71 71 65 244 98 97 40 ------72T 58 25 2 5 18 9 26 2 15 57 65 13 622 n r 399 44 24 87.00 86. oo 6 669 iw 18 IS 3 88 . 50 See footnote at end o f table. f Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public utilities f f Finance, insurance, and re a l estate. “ 2 35 18 “ 617 141 476 I - n r 20 1 236 19 217 10 65.00 — . 16 34 92 152 70 1584 1934 524 "" 65?" 760 1277 71 52 350 123 105 102 340 542 140 212 6 153 353 226 127 26 29 31 41 135 86 49 7 15 8 8 11 82 40 42 20 8 12 13 3 8 1 2 738 281 457 59 98 73 745 271 474 69 95 43 133 334 1 76 158 45 14 4 36 168 46 27 19 3 3 11 770 258 512 32 94 113 169 104 1734 "781 953 48 311 127 318 149 1 16 . 21 - 32 1 16 21 32 . 623 ITT 431 23 134 115 - 16 15 1 1 • - 5 3 3 - - 2023 1681 735" 809 1214 976 81 46 200 236 151 245 362 434 181 254 1933 513 1120 98 399 86 358 179 83 29 54 154 102 52 13 25 8 6 2 2 • - 194 S9 135 9 124 35 29 25 23 6 2 2 2 “ 1 1 ■ 70 34 36 2 15 4 - " 1833 1716 730 — 752" 1103 964 82 72 171 249 267 262 280 276 235 173 1 - . - - > “ “ - - ' ' ‘ ‘ ■ ■ ■ ■ “ “ 13 5 - _ - . - “ “ 4 8 6 2 - 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 ■ _ - - - - * ■ ■ - - _ _ ” • 352 241 l'4fl “ _ " . - - ■ 736 321 415 41 " 777 3^r 378 30 88 122 78 117 91 44 107 75 254 137 117 44 57 65 57 “ 124 32 25 13 35 19 101 158 73 85 19 l5 4 20 2 - 228 1396 824 572 82 109 40 140 670 371 299 56 38 389 191 11 1 83 1 201 111 33 92 - 15 4 50 53 15 14 21 1 37 36 21 7 12 20 33 22 5 26 31 1 31 1 12 10 19 2 1 6 10 128 9i 107 23 39 9 2 34 _ 2 63 81 57 24 26 14 198 33 39 32 - 8 8 2 2 z - l7 3 3 - 6 * 1 5 _ . • . • 8 Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Chicago, III., by industry division, April 1958) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O F— Avssaob Sex, occupation, and industry division N bar um W aakly , Under W aakly w a ork ra aarnlnp1 h our* 1 (Standard) (Standard) 45. 00 — — — V — S 4 5 .0 0 * SO. 00 1 5 0 .0 0 " 5 5 .0 0 t 5 5 .0 0 I 6 0 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 129 244 69 175 1 1 1 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 S 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 I 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 i 1 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 95.00 10 0 .0 0 1 10 0 .0 0 • 105.00 1 S 1 105.00 - 110 .0 0 115.00 - 110 .0 0 115.00 120 .0 0 1 120 .0 0 125.00 s 125.00 and over Women - Continued Switchboard operators —--------------------- ----------------------— -----Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing-------------—----------------------------- ------- -----Public utilities t ----------------------------------------------------------W holesale t r a d e --------------------------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ----------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e If --------------------------------------------------------------------Services ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 ,0 4 5 5^4 1,5 2 1 164 Switchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s --------------------------------M an u factu rin g--------------------------------- ----- ----------------— -----Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------- —-------------Public utilities f --------------------------------------------------------W holesale t r a d e --------------------------------------------------------Retail trade ---------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e ff --------------------------------------------------------------------S e r v i c e s ------------------------- --------------------- ----------------------- 2 ,1 3 2 1 , 09 7 1 ,0 3 5 518 123 169 114 3 9 .0 3 9 .b 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 6 .5 3 8 .0 Tabulating-m achine operators — — —..... ..........—-----------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g -------------------------- ------------------------- -----Finance t t -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 ,0 8 0 511 134 3 8 .0 3 5 .5 3 8 .0 7 7 .0 0 76. 56 7 8 .5 0 Tran scribin g-m achin e operators, g e n e r a l --------------------Manufacturing — —— ~ — ------------------------- — ----------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ ----- ---------------------W holesale t r a d e -------------------------------------------------------Finance t t ----------- ---------- —------------------ — ■ .......... ■ ■ S e r v i c e s ----------------------------- ---------- -----———----------------- 1 3 8 .5 39. b 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 7 0 .0 0 w 6 9 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 206 221 365 565 111 , 890 ? i? 1, 173 501 400 149 3 9 .5 39. b 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 4 0 .5 74 .5b 6 6 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 5 8 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 71 .0b 6 9 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 6 8 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 2 .0 0 6 8 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 14 14 - 110 2 11 - 99 12 . . - 110 - 26 26 . 24 24 “ 24 23 - 5 5 - 1 25 106 419 - _ - - 1 1 24 - 2 8 41 65 5 38 - - 11 - 3 9 .0 6 1.0 0 ” 3 9 . 5 " 6 3 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 6 0 .0 0 3 9 .0 6 2 .5 0 4 0 .0 5 8 .5 0 5 9 .0 0 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 6 3 .0 0 21 306 - — rr 12 293 49 94 144 “ 6 21 . 9 22 - - 1 0 ,371 "3 , 6 ,8 4 6 378 1 ,0 8 3 1 , 111 3 ,3 4 1 933 349 193 156 22 7 3 .0 0 T yp ists, cla ss B ------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ----------——— — — — - - — — —- — — ----Nonmanufacturing ------ ----- ----- ----------------------------------------Public utilities f ---------------------------------- — - — -----------W holesale t r a d e --------------------------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------------------Finance t t -------------------------- ---------- — ---------------------------S e r v ic e s ----------------- — — ----------------------------------------------- 58 43 5 35 60 34 49 1 6 8 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 T Z '. W .. 7 0 .0 0 7 6 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 101 21 11 2 _ . . - 4 ,8 1 2 3 8 .5 “ I ! 3 6 3 " ” 3 9 .5 “ ' 3 8 .0 2 .5 0 9 3 9 .5 169 225 3 9 .5 1 .4 9 2 3 7 .5 3 8 .5 391 19 19 . . 123 18 4 28 46 27 1 - _ . . . - 1 41 23 236 6 18 - - - - 301 301 55 29 28 26 . . . . - T yp ists, class A ----------------------------------------------------------------M an u factu rin g------- — ----- ------ — — ------ ------------— -----------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ------— --------------- — —---------- — ---------Public u tilities f ----------------------------------------— ------------W holesale t r a d e --------------------------------------------------------Finance f t --------------------------------------------------------------------S ervices ------------------------------------------------------------------------ i ir 68 .0 0 16 16 13 1261 ~ ^ 3 t~ 1025 105 113 239 473 95 308 - 1551 152 1 4 134 7 2769 9?r 1772 99 125 216 1158 174 2 166 239 99 94 19 791 —ITT 538 23 18 380 57 3357 -^ r r 2360 79 425 413 110 2 341 271 82 189 4 36 23 97 29 372 114 258 38 83 36 59 42 282 113 169 15 34 567 253 314 24 169 15 75 31 442 389 Z72T ~ 157 28 42 29 tw 236 28 136 37 12 59 49 11 167 1 1 ? 50 43 98 45 53 24 81 24 57 13 7 2 11 1 6 22 1 15 - 2 - 2 16 20 - - 3 - 8 - - 31 15 16 25 23 2 15 • 15 2 10 2 . 1 2 - . - _ . - 8 6 4 4 . . 4 - _ . . . . . - _ . . . - _ . _ . - . . . 1 1 1 - . . 38 6 2 - 8 20 9 6 ” - - - - 131 81 ■ 32 193 n3 28 69 32 23 77 39 3 63 13 7 5 3 - 2 1 1 - - 312 126 63 63 17 65 "'3 4 31 3 13 9 4 2 202 112 439 128 311 149 118 23 376 l4 3 " 233 103 79 28 " 27 ' 1 1 2 1 200 119 45 28 1355 887 662 - ~ 5 9 T — 4 T T -----I T T 470 347 662 31 24 23 48 83 5 483 265 126 84 89 59 841 m~ " 443 46 117 46 62 172 262 1 12 6 23 17 TT 2 T 124 -----------37 138 6 14 1 7 2 49 25 3 17 4 33 26 2 2 2 2 - 22 20 nr — n r --------- - • - - - * _ - _ . . - - - - - 3 --------- 1 r ---------r i i . . _ - _ - • - “ * * . r “ JT 35 11 2 _ - 158 72 519 — 317 — 5r ------38 202 75 12 11 39 4 33 27 57 4 29 70 18 7 73 - . - • 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these w eekly hours, t Transportation (excluding railroad s), communication, and other public u tilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1 1 . . 26 270 61 15 1442 69T 750 34 195 69 370 82 117 6? 50 19 13 7 - 8 5 2 1 “ 1 1 6 6 2 T 1 . 1 1 9 Table A>2: Professional and Technical Occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Chicago, I I I ., by industry division, A p ril 1958) NUMBER OF WORICERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME! WEEKLY EARN](NGS OF- Avuaob Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of w orkers S Weekly Weekly Under 70.00 houre 1 earnings1 (Standard) (Standard) $ un3er 70. 00 75.00 s 75.00 80.00 s S s S s s S s S s I S 1 1 $ I s s 95.00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 1 6 0 . 0 0 165.00 170.00 80. 0C 85.00 9 0 . 0 0 85. 0C 90.00 95.00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 1 6 0 . 0 0 165.00 170.00 and over $ 707 292 39.5 39.0 140.00 136.50 D raftsm en, senior ■ Manufacturing • Nonmanufacturing — Public utilities f ■ 3; 710 2,069 1,641 121.50 117.00 126.50 102 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 D raftsm en, junior Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing Public u tilities t --------------------- 2 .404 l , 791 613 92 D raftsm en, leader Manufacturing — 180 115 Manufacturing . f - 1 1 - 1 8 3 5 48 31 17 44 28 16 262 148 114 120.00 - - - - 5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 87.00 84.50 94.00 99.00 189 159 30 231 218 13 339 310 29 - - 2 438 309 129 17 4 0 .0 4 0 “ 70.00 1 92 50 29 47 13 6 6 $. 89.00 39 30 9 3?. 5 39.0 4 0.0 it T T 89.66 88.50 79.50 63 9 2 7 5 28 6 . . 6 6 1 654 "5lY _ - . 137 50 N u rses, industrial (registered ).. Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing Retail t r a d e ----- - 5 _ 5 455 364 91 3 189 152 37 5 108 75 33 14 4 298 131 167 10 22 7 277 72 205 14 43 .13 4 2 11 10 32 3 4 2 - 1 • - “ " - - - • - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 202 111 10 98 34 64 23 97 51 46 3 42 18 24 3 6 371 29 64 42 32 21 8 10 2 104 35 69 3 74 127 129 51 78 160 54 106 1 1 1 _ l 21 50 39 20 2 48 69 11 18 - - - 2 5 4 97 127 9z 77 “HE 20 16 25 $i n 3 11 55 9 231 137 94 8 155 80 75 33 17 313 284 219 65 73 _87 24 52 43 24 53 5 3 239 186 53 305 237 2 296 189 107 5 104 84 '53 13 21 6 1 68 11 21 210 161 201 _ 2 60 ! 83 45 2 15 15 6 62 2? 36 3 38 24 10 20 1 8 T4 1 6 2 3 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. W orkers w ere distributed as follow s: 3 at $5 0 to $5 5 ; 13 at $5 5 to $6 0; 40 at $60 to $6 5 ; and 36 at $65 to $ 7 0 . Transportation (excluding railroad s), communication, and other public utilities. Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Chicago, I I I ., by industry division, A p ril 1958) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division N ber um worken 1.090 Manufacturing — — -—-— — ----- ----------— — Nonmanufacturing-----------------------------------Retail t r a d e ------------------------------------------------- E le ctrician s, m ain ten an ce---------------------------------- Retail t r a d e ------------------------------------------------Finance f f ----------------------------------------------------- See footnote at end of table, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. • A isssr> Under *1.80 *1.90 2.00 and $ 1.80 under 2.00 2.10 1.90 earnings 402 1.83 z; 6Z” 3.18 143 163 4 — r 35 Z8 7 2 .9 5 V 44 688 3 ,0 0 4 2 ,3 2 6 679 87 220 166 2 .9 0 f 2.,20 s 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 I 2. 70 2.80 2.90 3.00 10 1.20 1.30 $.40 $.50 $.60 $. 70 $.80 2.20 2,JO 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3. 70 3.80 61 47““ 14 21 19 2 68 85 63 66 5 19 112 b3 29 62 57 5 4 18 27 1 89 80 9 146 124 22 i i 1 rr 11 28 10 13 “ T T “T 7 5 " i . . 1 15 . . 2 21 — 12 . 9 66 11 2 2 181 6 . 4 96 83 13 7 2 2 338 3Z2 16 • 5 g • - 79 75 4 16 11 1 1 4 1 286 14 2 2 « - 3 3 272 67 157 - 14 "13 5 1 - 1 2 4 T.85 3 .1 0 2 .9 6 3 .3 6 2 .9 0 s 2. 10 4 203 163 214 43 22 66 1 114 13" 60 100 1 100 2 84 - 30 . 30 lY 5 5 I - 208 453T 105 • . 54 33 600 569 41 27 1 2 313 88 509 1 6 1 5 5 5 5 281 lo 9 172 10 119 19 10 8 2 2 - over 10 Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations - Continued (Average stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Chicago, I I I ., by industry division, A p ril 1958) Occupation and industry division N ber um of w orkers 8 8 Avenge hourly 1 1.80 1.90 earn gs Jnder and in 1.80 under _LJ 0 . 2 . 0 0 Engineers, stationary — ---------------------- —— — Manufacturing -----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing — —— — — — —— — — — — — — Wholesale trade ------ ---------------------------Retail trade ---------—— ----- --------— ---------Finance f t ----------------------- ------ — ----- -----Services — — — — — — — — — 2. 191 1, 124 1,067 114 213 343 367 * .86 , 2 2. 75 2.94 3.03 2.82 3.06 2.90 Firemen, stationary boiler — ---------------------Manufacturing — — — — — — — — — — — — Nonmanufacturing — ------ ----------— ------------ 1 ,0 2 2 2.28 709 313 78 2.20 , 1 2 .0 0 8 2 . 10 2.20 NM U BER O W RK F O ERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM H U E O RLY EARNIN O — GS F 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2.30 2.40 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3. 10 3.20 2 . 10 2.20 2.30 2.40 8 22 22 • 12 • 3 - 1 2 1 - ■ 59 58 1 .......... , . 4, 325 e 9 3 2 1 X 1 121 121 90 90 36 36 23 23 8 8 “ . ■ 54 12 42 5 5 - 40 40 - 260 179" 61 27 27 4 29 14 15 12 16 2 14 - 75 16 59 26 63 6 57 28 87 22 65 30 377 265 112 12 75 803 89 714 613 56 322 11 305 182 88 107 24 83 83 30 22 8 6 -T T T 244 475 207 "373 37 102 470 399 71 351 342 9 351 337 14 485 397 88 114 30 84 233 66 167 21 11 4 no 344 264 58 77 52 17 35 2 2 392 387 . - 174 174 - 9 9 . - 17 17 - 37 13 69 35 34 33 - 102 18 18 - 11 11 - 24 1 1 4 Z 2 - 11 87 85 2 53 19 34 355 6 5 240 t s t - 61 42 29 29 262 257 5 46 46 184 lii 1 §6 42 146 142 18 18 ■ 55 71 59 12 2 10 47 44 3 . 3 60 40 20 3 17 48 7 2 - 26 89 66 36 134 — 32“ TT8 6 4 5 110 4 3 - 6 - 2 76 26 23 2 4 3 1 12 12 27 27 - - 224 15 209 1 1 80 80 1 18 73 70 3 2 2 3 - 10 10 1 1 . 11 11 20 20 12 4 .1 1 . - 3 3 29 1 28 5 ‘ . - - 219 219 - -1 1 _ 1 19 - 4 1 2.83 2.84 - - 2 2 2 2 13 11 14 13 27 27 22 22 68 67 145 145 13 13 38 38 57 57 1 1 . . . 22 36 36 119 119 256 256 879 879 434 43r 730 730 715 715 474 474 297 115 ' 7 9 7 ” "115 12 12 - 2 2 22 22 _ * 1 Excludes premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, f Transportation (excluding railroad s), communication, and other public u tilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. ■ - 1 ' 17 16 1 . - 3 * 3 _ - 10 — nr 1 “ 2.99 3114 " 22 150 149 130 92 38 . - _ 26 2 ■ 137 146 136 T T ? 12 1 16 — 17“ 26 - 16 ir 31 29 2 - “ 2 - . 197 T7T 2 9 9 - Tt 22 22 8 8 . - 2.87 ...2.83 _ 3.18 3.05 -ir u r - 37 25" 12 . - 10 10 10 4 4 4 ' . • • 222 206 16 28 Tool and die m a k e r s -----------— — —— — — . . - 516 504 12 _ 8 - ------ T 118 69 117 69 1 ■ 404 . • - 685 1 682 ” 3 . 34 32 2 400 . • - 209 I 69 20 . 27 21 - Sheet-metal workers, m aintenance------------ — Manufacturing ------- — —— — — — — — — — . - 271 264 7 139 91 46 104 ------- ST- 4 4 - 241 240 1 78 17 . — sr 17 26 Plumbers, maintenance — — — — — Nonmanufacturing — — -------------------— — . • - 130 128 2 38 38 1.192 l|ffE9 123 9 7 - 112 49 48 1 2 . 2 Pipefitters, maintenance ------ — ---------— ------ — Manufacturing -------- — -------- —------ -----— Nonmanufacturing ------- ------------- — — — 22 44 42 77 38 39 16 16 12 4 . - 66 50 12 84 24 1 29 88 55 99 60 39 33 1 5 . 4 1 6 6 “ . > 444 3.60 . . 26 85 14 14 - 8 6 2 1 1 . . . - 3.50 6 540 540 1 • 1 3 3 3.40 ' 11 2 80 78 2 - 201 192 60 60 177 177 2. 71 2.67 2. 72 2. 76 2.90 2. 62 3.16 2. 75 2. 85 3.30 *3.60 *3. 70 *3.80 and 3. 70 3.80 over 13 • 13 . . 13 - 2 3.20 1.50 693 175 518 4 46 341 127 6 666 666 1.950 477 1,473 1, 010 864 4Z0 2 3.10 1.40 188 144 44 3 39 - 19 16 Mechanics, automotive (maintenance)....... ...... Manufacturing — ------- -—— --------------- — — Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------— -— Public utilities f ---------------------- -----------U 1a n1a 4m Ja fl» m Painters, maintenance —— — — — — — — — — Ma nufa c tur ing — — — — — — — — — — — Nonmanufacturing --------------------- — ---------Public utilities f ------------- ----- --------------Retail trade — ----- — -----------— --------------- 88 2 1 3.00 1.30 199 87 112 20 75 - 61 1 151 151 2.89 2.88 3.02 2.52 14 2.90 zoz 38 36 36 20 . ■ 2,909 2, 732 177 2.21 215 62 Machinists, maintenance — — —— —— ------Manufacturing — —— — ------ — — — —— — Nonmanufacturing — — — ----- ---------------- 2. 76 2776 2.24 61 2.80 151 63 Q Q 77 44 55 2 76 276 2.439 2. 439 Millwrights ------ — ----------— — —— — — 1.479 Manufacturing ------------------------------------------ " r w v Oilers ----------------------------------------------------------955 Manufa cturing ——— — —— — — — —— — — strNonmanufacturing — —— —— —— — ----89 9 1 2 2. 70 190 115 43 181 181 ~n“ 185 20 6 6 61 - 24 7 . . - 3. 615 2. 63 — " z, i r e M 2 762" 810 2. 67 11 60 102 68 2. 11 Q JIO 165 153 108 108 “ 113 2 . ■ 61 2.26 2.31 2. 73 2. 73 Mechanics, maintenance -----------------------------Manufacturing —----- ------ -------------- ----------Nonmanufacturing — —— ----- — — ------ 107 96 Cl 4 91 J 456 57 20 20 8 142 14Z . 26 20 2.50 139 75 64 41 35 ' 80 7z Manufacturing ------- ------------— -— — ------ — Nonmanufacturing ------ -—----- ------------------Machine-tool operators, toolroom —-------- — Manufacturing----------------------- ------------------- 1,461 404 55 15 40 15 128 87 41 g 82 46 34 46 2.47 15 8 170 67 iTO “ 67 1 1 2 2 11 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Chicago, I I I ., by industry division, A p ril 1958) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— N ber um Occupation 1 and industry division a i w orkers Elevator op erators, passen ger ( m e n ) ------ -----Nonmanufacturing — —---------- ------------— _____ Finance f f ------------------------------------- — --------- 1 .9 01 1 , 796 1 ,5 0 5 E levator op erators, passenger (w om en)--------Nonmanufacturing — ------------------------------------- 648 $ $ Avenge hourly* Under 1 . 0 0 1.1 0 earnin gs and $ under 1.0 0 1.2 0 1 . 10 $ 2 .0 1 17 43 • 2. oi l7 43 2 .0 9 - 1.27 TT 1.25 --------5 209 G u a r d s --------------------— -----------------------------------— _ 970 643 Finance f t " —-------— — — —— —— Services — ------ ------------------- -----------------Janitors, p o rte rs, and cleaners (w o m e n ) -----Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing — — — — — — ---- — W holesale t r a d e ------------------- —— — ------- S ervices —— —— — —— — ———— — — L a b o re rs, m aterial h a n d lin g ------------- — ....... M a n u fa c tu r in g -------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing — - ------------------------ -------Public utilities f - - ............................. W holesale t r a d e ---------------------------------------Retail t r a d e -----------------------------------------------Order f i l l e r s ----------------------- —----------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ---- ------— ------- ______---------------Nonmanufacturing ------------- -----— ------ --------— W holesale t r a d e ------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ------------------------------------------------ 13,879 1, 577 6,302 644 548 1, 752 1,977 1,381 2 .0 6 1.8 8 1.8 7 1.76 1.51 1. 70 1.85 1. 71 1.43 2 .0 2 1.49 4, 929 68 7 4,242 96 94 389 2,952 711 1.56 1 .64 1 .54 1.58 1 ! 26 1.32 1 .5 7 1.57 19.268 10,452 1.96 1.92 8 ,8 16 2 .0 1 2,219 3, 846 2 , 622 2 .3 4 1.95 1.85 6, 1.99 790 2,464 1.98 4,3 0 6 3, 019 1,274 1.99 1.99 2.00 16 16 16 11 58 88 63 53 55 63 766 121 20 . 71 . 30 694 _ 365 107 199 430 49 26 143 - 22 2 212 20 4 _ 4 100 79 277 16 84 76 224 152 69 83 26 it oo 7X 61 11 22 - 12 43 75 8 24 36 231 156 75 _ 4 3 - - 8 24 36 _ - 78 ....j ? 78 29 - 2 11 195 195 _ _ . . - 53 O ICO _ _ 22 22 16 42 42 42 306 i24 182 146 1110 129 312 733 1038 T 82 O 6 5 134 51 37 10 288 250 31 163 125 35 36 14 144 54 90 418 258 160 247 1, 718 2. 11 - 2. . - - 1 - - See footnotes at end of table. ■ Transportation (excluding railroad s), communication, and other public utilities, f f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 22 2 - 2 - 885 194 268 1726 108 55 14 1460 89 495 172 3 44 263 13 26 41 28 38 19 19 27 101 47 29 - 5 27 24 5 2 15 14 170 2 280 284 58 39 1089 3W 167 2 ,9 9 - 2 .9 0 over • • * - - . . - tzt 20 2 2 _ 2 39 . _ - _ - 265 3 _ _ 3 - 1 75 - _ 18 _ 3 - 18 18 . . 18 - 4 • . _ 4 - _ . _ _ _ - 17 • 17 _ _ . 17 - 18 18 _ . _ 18 _ • 45 45 _ - _ . _ . _ • - _ _ _ _ _ 68 66 2 . 1 - 1 7 3 3 1 7 7 _ . _ _ _ • - _ _ 3 l _ _ _ . - - - - - - - ■ 45 - - " - 2392 1495 1631 r o i s 457 761 14 9 525 263 207 163 2219 1800 '1095 6b3 826 1195 21 289 420 626 384 278 2366 609 214 26 20 134 28 21 ' 49 24 24 2046 1754 248 44 124 186 77 37 72 5 2 20 20 _ _ _ . - 716 816 24 542 407 135 724 394 330 155 51 104 25 78 41 2l 21 20 20 Z1 • - 5 5 _ _ 50 16 4 1601 600 104 4o 1633" 586 7 471 107 _ 1921 377T 485 196 153 39 627 421 206 61 143 583 384 199 185 14 1264 321 943 829 114 "570 509 294 437 375 759 562 253 302 248 54 215 154 62 46 16 197 177 640 338 302 300 34 19 15 316 240 76 76 - 147 61 20 2 174 219 "92 11 81 32 - 131 201 147 13 13 - - 32 80 45 16 29 131 51 80 57 160 87 103 192 329 205 277 122 73 89 187 126 57 94 155 148 7 5 20 54 21 1 101 131 6 69 50 47 3 177 34 143 74 50 - _ - 90 62 27 15 2 .8 0 $ 3 .0 0 and 8 3 3 - 266 248 18 12 20 $ 2 .8 0 72 165 105 142 70 $ 2. 70 18 111 602 60 62 26 36 11 10 2815 1369 1165 1152 909 217 256 70 29 87 44 54 15 3 5 85 81 719 440 2 79 234 43 35 26 9 4 552 33 131 218 129 333 18 1114 404 335 14 165 122 556 50 7 47 185 - 381 289 124 123 *41 122 Q 7 291 124 62 9 151 87 64 30 186 108 77 1 1 1.55 342 82 81 59 897 93 1.68 1. 73 - 310 88 2 70 37 233 581 - 263 40 223 91 132 60 14 . 60 • 2 519 7 302 204 66 27 m 12 1130 7 458 656 104 - 2 1455 555 63 - 12 10 453 3 266 151 139 4 135 130 5 - 1535 - 199 2 - 18 1609 534 25 - 30 164 1 2,50 _ ? i 6 <L_ 2 . 10 10 10 145 _ 2 .4 0 . $ 2 24 16 - 2016 886 _ 2 .3 0 224 166 64 55 581 85 496 28 (O 2 .2 0 164 191 71 179 3181 63 92 1 1 6 3089 7 03 # 3 23 64 42 g 58 194 24 245 2 $ 2 .5 0 j 10 7A 2 .0 0 362 2 8 212 2 .4 0 1 162 12 $ 2 .3 0 6 945 700 245 72 32 116 15 227 18 $ 2 .2 0 18 5 1666 514 596 18 97 $ 2 .10 5 4 1188 7b i 487 36 40 254 28 129 455 161 294 17 $ 2.0 0 4 45 _ _ - - 4 52 24 2 _ $ 1 .9 0 1 .8 0 - 262 100 8 - 8 1 12 0 10 10 _ . 1.921 1,340 2.02 72 - P ackers, shipping (w o m e n ) ---------------------------Manufacturing -------------------- — — — ------------- 16 2 .0 7 2 .1 3 20 _ . - 10 141 1.95 1. 77 1. 78 1. 71 16 $ 1 .9 0 1 .5 0 80 • 80 _ 17 . 63 2 ,0 8 6 1, 718 352 738 1 .8 0 1 .4 0 - 1.88 980 519 422 1. 70 1 .3 0 • . - 5,484 Receiving c l e r k s ---------------------------------------- ----Manufacturing — —-----— — — —— — ---------N on m a n u fa c tu rin g ----------------------------------------W holesale t r a d e ---------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ------------------------------------------------- 1 .6 0 1 .3 0 < 1 .5 0 21 P ackers, shipping (men) ——————— —— —— Manufacturing — — — — —— — —— —----N onm anufacturing -------------— — —------------ — W holesale t r a d e ---- -------------- —--------------Retail t r a d e --------------------------------------— 3, 398 S 1. 70 $ . 60 1.2 0 < 1.4 0 2 .0 0 1,732 Nonmanufacturing — — — ------------------------— Finance f t ---------------- --------- ---- ----------------- Manufacturing — --------- — ----------------------— _ N on m an ufactu ring -------- -----------------------------Public utilities t — —— — — — ——— — — — W holesale trade — — —— —— — — 192 192 $ 1 24 2. 702 - $ 2 27 22 - 73 203 12 73 142 103 102 122 39 83 5 77 14 10 - 10 23 27 13 14 _ - ' 47 _ _ . T34" 5 2 - - - 12 4 8 8 1 _ - 3 3 42 “ 10 lo _ - 11 5 4 1 - 1 - 1 23 23 - 1 1 3 - ■42" _ - - - - 38 33 33 _ - 46 46 _ - 5 _ - 38 - _ _ ------ 5- 18 17 1 _ - 1 - - 1 1 2 1 - 12 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Chicago, III., by industry division, April 1958) Occupation1 and industry division N ber um of vorkm < Avenge. $ hourly earn g* Under 1. op 1. 10 in and $ 1.00 under 1.10 1.20 $ _ 2.21 2731“ • 2.09 _ 2.14 1.93 - Shipping clerks ---------------- — -------------- ----------Manufa cturing ----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------------------- — ---------Wholesale t r a d e ----------------------------------Retail trade ---------------------------------------- 1,584 866 718 515 170 Shipping and receiving cle rk s ---------------- ------M anufacturing------ — -—-...... -.... ..... ......... — Nonmanufacturing — ------ -----------------— ----Wholesale t r a d e ----------------------------------Retail tr a d e ------------------------------------------ 1, 190 7Z4 466 251 117 2. 10 2.12 2.08 2. 13 1.90 _ . - _ _ - Truckdrivers 3 ----— ----- --------------------------------M anufacturing------ -------------- -------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------- ---- ----------------Public utilities f - .......... ..... — Wholesale t r a d e ----------------------------------Retail tr a d e ------------------------------------------ 12,883 2, 201 10,682 6, 118 2, 44 1, 695 2. 52 2.49 2.53 2. 53 2.56 2.49 . - Truckdrivers, light (under l 1 ton s)--------/* Manufacturing ------------- ------ ----------------Nonmanufacturing------------------ ------------ 1,954 907 1,047 2.47 2. 56 2.40 4, 134 779 3,355 1 Q11 i , y 71 1, 116 2.46 41 2.47 2. 43 2 ! 56 4, 877 ZS5“ 4, 609 2,915 896 798 2.59 2.52 2.60 2.57 2. 70 2. 56 Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)-----------------------------. Nonmanufacturing-------------------- — -------- 1,518 1,355 4,319 3, 695 624 410 205 2.21 Z.ZO 2.25 2.23 2.27 Truckers, power (other than forklift)------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------- — 704 610 2.18 2. 17 5. 002 1,124 3,878 64 ft7A ftl 7 OIL 2,917 1.37 1. 77 1.25 1.87 1 1*71 1.48 1. 18 $ 1.30 S 1.40 NU BER O W RK M F O ERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM H U E O RLY EARNIN O — GS F S < t f $ t t f $ t 1.50 1.60 1. 70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2. 10 2.20 2.30 2.40 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1. 70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2. 10 2.58 Z. 59 Truckers, power (fo r k lift )------ ---- ---- -----—— Manufacturing ---------------- ----- ——-----------Nonmanufacturing------ ------------ ------- — -----Wholesale t r a d e ----------------------------------Retail tr a d e -------------- ; -------------------------- t 1.20 Truckdrivers, medium ( l 1 to and /* including 4 to n s )--------------------------------- — Manufacturing---------------------------— --------Nonmanufacturing —— ------ ——-— — — Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer t y p e ) ------------------------------- ----------Public utilities f -----------------------------Wholesale t r a d e ----------—----------------- W atchm en------------------------------------- — -----------M anufacturing--------------------- ------- ■ —— Nonmanufacturing------ ---- ----- — -.............. — Public utilities f WIiAlaaala B_ctft.il tri'l* S e r v ic e s ---------------------------------------------- 2: 2.40 2.50 1.50 2.60 S. 70 1.80 1.90 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 !.0 0 and over 13 13 1 12 63 63 53 10 58 58 49 9 48 25 23 13 6 123 35 88 68 8 51 2 49 49 112 89 23 17 6 294 269 25 4 21 209 81 122 100 20 !69 69 100 78 11 149 80 69 65 4 114 75' 39 37 - 33 30 3 1 2 16 14 2 1 - 75 48 27 27 - _ _ _ - _ . . - 8 8 8 38 38 10 18 47 27 20 10 3 77 66 17 10 4 222 155 67 19 41 95 62 162 40 122 96 1 H9 99 20 4 10 83 24 59 54 - 49 25 24 8 10 52 40 12 8 2 4? 43 6 4 - 2 . 2 2 - 2 _ 2 . 2 1 14 11 137 115 ’ 22 8 7 . - 47 34 13 4 - _ - _ - 26 26 . 26 - _ - 17 17 _ 16 28 8 20 19 2 2 - 10 10 . . - 12 12 8 1 1 . 1 335 40 295 12 264 19 32 7 82 245 45 3 197 2293 1725 521 327 1772 1398 796 1249 428 59 88 433 2647 21 i 2436 1987 421 28 3203 2166 943 56 2260 2111 1499 455 253 1282 508 374 52 4 48 36 8 4 9 9 9 . - 30 _ 30 30 - _ _ - _ - . - 26 26 . - 17 17 28 8 20 2 2 . - 8 8 _ - 141 20 121 75 50 45 9 9 30 30 _ . - - . • - _ - _ _ - 10 10 711 4 4 1 1 22 19 218 52 166 _ . 33 3 3 10 34 10 34 270 00 190 420 3 417 42 42 802 75F 36 48 48 36 36 1448 709 395" 113 1050 596 547 310 47 1006 37 969 713 256 291 136 141 417 417 8 8 125 367 _ . . _ 43 43 . 1 42 _ _ 300 2727 36 264 2727 . 10 1 fin 1 ou ftft 77 41 2706 . _ “ . - . _ _ . 199 29 170 . 41 77 1 ft 17 48 . - - 4 4 4 . - - - . - 235 235 - 15 15 - 86 73 13 12 1 179 167 12 1 11 259 249 10 7 3 297 294 3 3 523 477 46 44 2 587 517 70 66 4 568 435 133 122 11 24 12 63 63 30 30 2 (l 22 138 137 49 49 222 119 103 . Cl ifi 2 329 178 151 5 26 66 2 208 58 150 5 46 60 4 171 139 32 6 15 2 147 124 23 _ 1Q 150 126 24 14 2 64 50 14 14 - 11 17 18 - 1 1 1 _ 1 116 45 71 _ _ 34 5 - 321 24 297 50 68 179 5 _ 209 119 90 _ 1 1 ftfl 70 50 4 350 63 287 255 32 1202 "135" 1067 1052 _ 15 152 58 267 238 1757 1199 2u ZZ 1735 1179 1386 172 61 767 288 240 353 34B 502 467 925 430 660 “ 399" 31 265 1 122 143 21 80 155 210 56 “ 135 " 193 24 12 23 12 1 90 89 195 135 13 7 47 47 46 41 5 2 11 - 12 12 - 11 8 3 2 32 31 1 _ 1 . 13 12 1 1 - g 10 _ Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes all drivers regardless of sise and type of truck operated, Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. 2.30 12 12 12 ' 1 * 3 f 2.20 2 28 19 48 48 _ - 4 - - 4 _ - • - 4 4 _ . . - B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l: Shift D ifferentials1 Percent of manufacturing plant workers— <•) In establishments having formal provisions for— Shift differential (b) Actually working on— Second shift work Third or other shift work T otal______________________________________________________ 91.6 80.4 17.8 With shift pay differential __..........____ _______ ___________ Second shift Third or other shift 5.0 90.4 79.3 17.4 5.0 _ _ 44.8 34.2 9.0 2.6 Under 5 cents_________ ______ ____________ _______... 5 cents . . .. . . .. . . ____________________ _______. . . . . _ .. .. . _ 6 cents ___________ ____________ _____ ________ ________ 7 or 7l/a cen ts_ . . . . _____________ __________________ _ 8 or 8 1 cen ts_______ ______________________________ /» 9 cents ___ ___________ ________ ______ __________ ___ ______ ... 9 */a cents ________________ ____________________________ 10 cents ____ .......... ...... ....... .............___________ T t- ,,, 11 cen ts ________ ________________________________________________ 12 or 12 Vs cents . . . . . . . . . . ____ ____________ _ _________________ 13 cen ts ___ ______ _______________ ____________________ „ ________ 14 or 14 Vs cen ts ___ _________ ________________________________ 15 cen ts _________________________________________ ____________ Over 15 cents _ _ _ _ --------------------------- .4 4.1 6.4 3.4 1.7 .4 .2 .8 .2 1.2 .7 5.9 .3 .3 20.5 1.2 4.1 11.4 .2 1.3 1.0 1.3 7.9 1.7 * .8 1.8 .9 .4 .1 . 1 2.9 ..........„ .............. ............... 41.4 ._ . .. ______________________________ _________________ _____ _____ _ ____ _ 8.5 Uniform cents (per h o u r)__. . . _____ ____ __ Uniform percentage ........ 5 percent______ 7 percent .. . .... ................. ........ _ 1.0 1.0 .3 .5 _ * . . .2 * .9 * .5 _ .3 .3 .1 1.1 36.8 7.3 1.6 .5 2.0 .1 . .5 1 . .2 .4 .1 . .3 * .1 1.0 .2 .4 _____________ _______ ____ _ ___ ____________ _____ _______ ____ ------------ _ _ „ __ ... 30.4 1.3 .6 2.2 27.5 2.0 4.1 Full day's pay for reduced hours, plus cents or percentage differential ________________ _____ ______ ______ Other formal pay differential___ _______ _____ ____ __ ___ . .7 3.5 5.7 2.6 . 1 1.0 .2 No shift pay d ifferen tial ____________________________________________ 1.2 1.2 .4 .1 - 10 percent 12Vs percent . . 15 percent _T .._ - 4.9 .2 .1 .5 1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following condi tions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. * Less than 0 .>3 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, III., April 1958 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 14 Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in— Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in— Manufacturing Minimum rate (weekly salary) All industries _____ 435 Manufacturing Based on standard weekly hours 3 of— All schedules Establishments studied___ Nonmanufacturing 168 37l/a XXX 40 All schedules XXX 267 37x /a XXX All industries All schedules 40 XXX 435 168 For Inexperienced Typists Establishments having a specified minimum ___ ___ Establishments having no specified minimum _ Establishments which did not employ workers in this category _ __ _ 102 2 1 4 2 9 19 57 27 36 22 19 7 14 2 2 7 4 _ _ „ _ _ 2 4 23 11 15 9 11 6 9 _ 2 7 3 101 45 XXX XXX 56 100 21 XXX XXX 79 13 m _ _ . _ _ 3 4 2 3 _ 1 _ _ _ - 76 132 m m m . „ 2 _ 16 9 10 7 9 5 7 „ 2 6 3 2 1 „ 4 2 7 15 34 16 21 13 8 1 5 2 1 21 85 XXX 40 XXX All schedules 267 37 V a 40 XXX XXX 251 101 13 75 150 _ _ _ 2 1 _ 9 4 18 19 36 22 16 8 5 1 6 2 _ 23 98 . 1 2 1 _ 9 4 24 24 64 32 30 14 13 6 13 3 1 8 3 _ 6 5 28 10 14 6 8 5 7 1 1 8 2 _ - 5 1 16 10 9 5 7 5 6 1 1 7 2 XXX XXX 113 44 XXX XXX 69 XXX XXX XXX XXX 71 23 XXX XXX 48 XXX XXX 1 1 7 3 5 3 1 _ 1 _ _ - 4 2 6 7 24 8 12 8 5 1 4 2 * Lowest salary rate formally established for hiring inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs. Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries. workweeks reported. 3 Rates applicable to messengers, office girls, or similar subclerical jobs are not considered. 37l/a For Other Inexperienced Clerical Waiters 9 234 Under * 3 5 .0 0 __________________ $35.00 and under $37.50 _____ $37.50 and under $40.00 _____ $40.00 and under $42.50 .. $42.50 and under $45.00 $45.00 and under $47.50 _____ $47.50 and under $50.00 _____ $50.00 and under $52.50 _ $52.50 and under $55.00 _____ $55.00 and under $57.50 $57.50 and under $60.00 ____ $60.00 and under $62.50 _____ $62.50 and under $65.00 _____ $65.00 and under $67.50 _____ $67.50 and under $70.00 $70.00 and under $72.50 $72.50 and under $75.00 $75.00 and over _______________ Nonmanufacturing Based on standard weekly hours2 of— _ _ 1 3 6 2 1 _ 1 1 2 1 7 7 4 1 1 - 9 3 8 14 23 12 9 7 4 1 4 2 _ 1 Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the most common Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, III., April 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 15 TabU B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours Weekly hours In ull dA strie! P R E T O O F EWR E S E P O E INE C N P F IC O K R ML Y D Wo sa h leele Pb F an ’’f in ce f R trad etail e M u rin an factu g uu lic trad tilities^ All w orkers_____ . . . . . . . __. . . . . . --- ----- --------- ------ 100 100 Under 35 hours __________ ____ ___________ 35 hours _____________________ ^ ...,___— ______ ^ ** 3 aa ** 36 hnura Tr _ r r r- - _ 3 6 V h o u r s _____ ________ ___________________ 4 Over 36 lU and under 37V hours _____________ a 37V hours ______________ __________ _______ _— a Over 37l/a and under 38s hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /t 38 V hours ______________ . . . . . _____-— . . . --------4 Over 38V* and under 40 hours _______________ 40 hours ________— _____ . . . ______ _____________ Over 40 and under 44 hours___ ______________ 44 hours ______ „.... ...................r _,__T ___ Over 44 and under 48 hours ______ ____ ___ 48 hours . . . — _____— ............................ . . . . . ___— Over 48 ho u rs___. . . . ____ _____________ . . ______ 5 3 16 1 9 1 61 aa . aa as “ 100 2 5 . 1 . 92 . . . " aa in ull . dA stries* 2 3 . 21 . 1 70 2 1 ■ 100 100 100 100 _ 100 . 1 . 2 4 14 aa 15 2 62 P R E TO P A TWR E SE P O E IN E C N F L N O K R ML Y D — Srv e e ic s „ 5 12 3 6 16 4 4 2 aa a* 7 aa 15 5 26 4 . 6 6 . 86 1 1 " 9 - 3 3 “ 3 48 2 1 “ 2 4 aa aa 80 1 1 2 3 1 M u rin an factu g 100 Pb uu lic t. tilities R trad etail e Srv e e ics 100 100 100 . - 3 4 100 _ 100 6 6 aa 78 aa 1 1 1 aa Wo sa h le tradele - aa 4 1 aa 1 83 5 5 3 3 76 3 2 7 12 ' 1 aa 72 8 - 9 5 1 Estimates for office workers are not comparable with earlier studies. See Introduction, page 2. * Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. **L ess than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. TabU B-4: Overtime Pay P R E T O O F EWR E S E P O E IN E C N F F IC O K R ML Y D — Overtime policy In ull dA stries M u rin an factu g All workers ___________________„__ _____________ _ 100 100 Daily ovartlma Workers in establishments providing premium pay1 _________________ ______ ____ Time and one-half _____ _______ . . . . ________ _ Effective after less than 8 hours _______ Effective after 8 hours ________________ Effective after more than 8 h o u r s ___ ___ Workers in establishments providing no premium pay or having no policy____________ 50 50 5 45 aa W e e k ly overtime Workers in establishments providing premium pay a __________________________ Time and o n e-h a lf______________ ___________ ' Effective after less than 40 h o u r s ______ Effective after 40 hours-------------------------Effective after more than 40 h o u r s _____ Double tim e ...................... ..... ............................ Effective after less than 40 h o u r s ...... Other -----------------------------------------------------------Workers in establishments providing no premium pay or having no policy _ Wo sa hleele trad R trad etail e 100 100 100 67 67 6 61 _ 87 87 1 86 _ 56 56 5 51 _ 50 33 13 98 96 8 88 . . _ 1 100 LO O 8 92 . . . . 100 100 4 96 _ 2 " Pb uu ilo^ tilities _ • P R E TO P A TWR E SE P O E IN E C N F L N O K R ML Y D — Wo ele h le tradsa R il tra e eta d Srv e e ic s 100 100 100 100 86 86 10 77 100 100 _ 100 75 75 54 54 75 51 3 48 48 2 47 21 14 - 25 46 52 97 96 6 88 2 1 1 1 100 99 9 89 aa 1 1 100 100 100 100 1 99 90 86 _ 77 9 81 81 2 70 10 3 “ Srv e e ic s In uU 1 dA , stries M u rin an factu g 100 100 100 100 39 39 1 38 _ 15 15 4 9 2 26 26 19 7 79 79 6 73 1 44 61 85 74 97 97 8 89 95 95 2 93 98 93 9 83 82 82 25 57 _ . _ _ m 3 5 F an e■ff in o _ 6 2 18 Pb f uu ilo A tilities 100 _ _ .. _ “ 4 " 10 19 ! Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Graduated provisions are classified to the first effective premium rate. For example, a plan calling for time and one-half after 8 and double time after 10 hours a day would be consideredas time and one-half after 8 hours. Similarly, a plan calling for no pay or pay at regular rate after 37Vs and time and one-half after 40 hours would be considered as time and one-half after 40 hours. 4 * Less than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, m ., April 1998 f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Later Statistics 16 Table B-5: Wage Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements PE C N O O R E T F FFIC W R ER EM YED IN E OK S PLO — Item A ll In u * d strie M n fa rin a u ctu g Pb , u lic u tilitie t s W o sa h le le tra e d R il tra e eta d 74 2 72 26 79 1 77 89 89 21 11 40 3 38 60 82 1 81 18 P C T O PLAN W R ER EM YED IN ER EN F T O K S PLO — F a cet t in n S r ic s ev e A ll . in u d stries1 M n fa rin a u ctu g 48 9 39 52 94 40 54 97 38 59 3 Pb . u lic u tflitlesf W o le h lesa tra e d R il tra e eta d S d en ees 82 46 37 18 89 31 58 89 75 14 11 11 97 3 81 19 3 15 85 15 9 1 5 50-54 80-84 W a g * structure for tim e-rated workers * Formal rate structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ___. . . ______ Single rate . . . . ____________ ______ . . . _______ _ Range of rates ___. . . . . . . . __. . . . _______ —_____ Individual rates _______ ________________________ 78 2 76 22 6 100 32 68 “ M ethod of w a g e payment for plant workers Time workers . . . . . . . . . ______________ __. . . __ Incentive workers __________________ .......... Piecework_______ _______ . . . . . . __. . . . . Bonus work . . . . . . . . . -------. . . . . . . ....... Commission ____________ . . . . . ______ . . . ___ 75 25 8 14 3 DATA NOT COLLECTED 67 33 99 12 1 1 21 1 - 1 1 * " Labor-ntanageipeht agreements ■ Workers in establishments with agree ments covering a majority of such workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * are not t ft 15-19 10-14 60-64 5-9 20-24 0-4 0-4 70-74 70-74 954 65-69 Include# data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Estimates for office workers are based on total office employees, whereas estimates for plant workers are based on time-ratsd employees only. Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category.Theestimatesso obtained necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements, due to the exclusionofsmaller siseestablishments. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, Finance, insurance, and real estkte. Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, III., April 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 17 Tabls B-6: Paid Holidays* PE C N O 0P7I0E W R ER EM YED INRE T P OK S PLO Item A ll in u l d stria M u rin sn fsstu g _______ ______ 100 100 Workers in establishments providing paid holidays . . . _____ _____ .. ______ . ___ Workers in establishments providing no paid holidays ___________ __ ,,— — 99 99 ** ** 37 4 7 1 21 2 ** 1 10 1 1 4 ** ** 1 ♦* 8 1 1 31 7 13 35 3 ** 10 All workers ___ ______ P C T O PLAN W R ER EM ER EN P T OK S PLO YED IN- W olsssls b trsd s R stsil trsd s 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 99 98 - ** - - ** 2 12 6 . 17 3 36 . 23 . . 2 . - _ 50 1 9 ** 23 . 14 1 . . . 2 . - _ 92 . 1 . 6 . . 1 . • . ** ** _ 14 5 3 5 4 1 1 4 5 3 6 2 2 2 ** 35 5 3 70 ** 1 ** 14 1 . 5 . 5 . 3 - 3 41 2 11 28 ** #* ** 10 ** 2 ** . . ** - . . _ 3 3 3 8 8 13 13 13 14 29 30 99 99 99 99 99 ** ** ♦* ** 3 3 12 12 51 53 94 95 95 97 98 ** ** ** ** 1 1 11 11 67 69 97 98 99 99 99 Pb u lic u tilitie ^ s Pinsssstt S ervian A . ll In u l1 d stria W olsssls b trsd s R stsil trsd s S tsss srv 100 100 100 100 99 98 95 99 86 1 2 5 1 14 2 28 2 17 39 ** ** 9 1 . ** - 29 7 41 . 22 - _ 59 1 6 18 2 7 2 ** - 4 89 . 6 ** ♦* - 29 53 1 . 2 ** ** ** - _ ** ** ** ** 3 3 11 11 34 35 95 95 95 95 95 _ ** ** ** ** ** 6 6 96 96 96 96 99 . ** ** ♦* ♦♦ ** ** 1 1 3 4 57 57 57 86 86 M u otu f in fn rin J S ttt Number of days Less than 6 holidays ___ . . . ______ _____________ 6 holidays______ ___ . . . _____ . . _______ 6 holidays plus 1 half d a y ______________________ 6 holidays plus 2 half days _____________ ______ 6 holidays plus 3, 6, or 7 half days . __________ 7 holidays..... .............. .......................... ................ 7 holidays plus l half day . . . . . . . . . . ___ ____ ____ 7 holidays plus 2 half days ________ ___ _____ .. . 7 holidays plus 3, 4, or 6 half d a y s____ _______ 8 holidays _____________________________________ 8 holidays plus 1 half d a y __ _________ ___ 8 holidays plus 2 half d a y s _____ ______ ___ ____ 9 holidays ____ ___ ____ ___________ ___ ._ 9 holidays plus 1 half day — ------- _ _ 9 holidays plus 2 half days _ _ 10 holidays__________________ ___________________ 10 holidays plus 1 half day — — 11 holidays _____ _____ ________ . 11 holidays plus 1 half d a y _________________ ___ 11 holidays plus 2 half days 1 Total holiday timos 12 days _ _____ 11 Vs or more days ______ . . . _______ 11 or more d a y s_____ __________________________ 10 l/a or more d ay s________________ ____________ 10 or mors days _ 9Va or mors days 9 or more d a y s ________ _____ ______ . . . . ____. . . . . . 8 Vs or more days --------— T ------------- ,T --------------_ 8 or mors days 7 l/a or more days ____________________ ________ 7 or more days — ^ — T --------------------------6Va or more days . . . . ___ 6 or mors days 5 or more days __T ....... 4 or mors days 3 or more d a y s --------------- ------------T nnnr 1 or more d a y s ______ .. ______ 1 2 10 10 11 12 18 19 29 31 59 63 99 99 99 99 99 _ . . . . _ 1 1 11 14 62 69 99 99 99 99 99 . 2 2 25 28 64 64 88 88 100 100 100 100 100 _ . 2 2 2 2 2 2 16 16 49 50 99 99 99 99 99 See footnotes at end of table. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. _ _ . . ** 1 1 1 1 1 8 8 100 100 100 100 100 3 8 43 43 47 50 62 68 73 77 81 86 100 100 100 100 100 _ . _ 22 22 63 63 70 70 98 98 98 98 98 Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 111., April 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statlstlee 18 Table B-6: Paid Holidays* - Continued P R E T O O F E WR E S E P O E IN E C N P F IC O K R ML Y D — Item in ull dA strial Mn factu g a u rin 99 32 99 99 99 16 99 99 23 13 12 99 9 99 99 99 3 99 99 21 Pb . uultleaf tUlic Wo sa h leele trad R trad etail e 99 19 99 99 99 2 99 99 100 4 100 100 100 P R E TO P A TWR E S E P O E IN E C N F L N O K R ML Y D — Finanoe'ft Srv e e ic s an factu g in ullrise2 M u rin dA st Pb . uu licf tilities Wo sa h le tradele 98 8 98 99 98 5 99 98 18 98 70 98 98 98 22 98 98 . 22 95 16 95 95 95 3 95 95 8 ** ♦* 3 1 1 1 8 6 1 R trade etail Sn e e riee 96 85 5 57 54 86 ** 58 86 ** ** ** H olidays4 New Year's Day _______________________________ Washington's Birthday_________________________ Decoration Day ___ _________________ _____ _____ July 4th__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Labor Day __ _______________________________ __ Armistice Day _ _ ... ...... Thanksgiving Day ______________________________ Christmas .... .... ... ..... Good Friday Lincoln's Birthday _ _ Columbus Day _ _ Christmas E v e ___ ^ _ Day after Thanksgiving Employee Birthday _ . Floating Holiday. _ __ _ Half day Christmas Eve _ __ _ ___ Half day New Year's Eve Half day Good Friday Half day Washington's Birthday 5 3 1 2 15 8 5 2 . 1 10 7 1 4 22 13 1 1 100 82 100 100 100 23 100 100 _ 25 2 . 15 2 2 5 99 27 99 99 99 8 99 99 8 3 3 _ _ _ 4 - 2 - - 1 - _ _ _ ** 10 8 2 9 *9 3 ** 100 100 1 1 ** 100 75 100 100 100 55 100 100 56 45 49 - ** _ 1 1 3 15 6 14 6 - 6 6 6 ♦* 96 12 95 95 96 5 95 97 12 2 ** 7 3 3 2 13 11 1 ** 1 11 5 3 3 19 17 1 ** . , . . . _ . ** 96 96 96 ** 96 99 ** ** _ . _ - 6 . . _ 1 ** ** ** * Estimates relate to holidays provided annually. Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half day®, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. Only the holidays or half-day holidays provided to at least 2 percent of the office or plant workers in the area are shown in this tabulation. A few other holidays or half-holidays were provided. **L ess than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 19 Table B-7: Paid Vacations P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N — Vacation p olicy A ll industries M anufacturing Public utilities y A ll w orkers ___________________________________ 100 100 100 100 99 99 1 - 100 99 1 - 100 100 - W holesale trade I P E R C E N T OF P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — Finance f t Services All , industries M anufacturing Public utilities J W holesale trade Retail trade Services 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 96 4 - 99 99 - 100 100 - 1Q0 93 6 ** 1 100 90 8 2 100 100 - 100 94 6 - 100 95 5 - 100 99 ** - • ** - - - - Retail trade M eth od o f pa ym on t W orkers in establishm ents providing paid vacations _______________________________ Length -of-tim e payment __________________ Percentage payment —;-------------------------------F lat-sum payment ________________________ Other ........................................................................ W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid vacations __r________________________ ** - - - 5 52 9 5 9 54 7 7 _ 43 3 1 55 4 - 27 2 - 3 63 20 7 7 44 13 1 17 13 3 - 27 8 4 - _ 5 - 4 23 3 - _ 31 ** 4 8 ** - 19 1 78 1 1 . 15 1 82 2 _ 14 2 85 - _ 21 75 4 - _ 67 33 - _ 3 97 ** _ 25 67 1 8 ** 77 2 16 1 4 _ 82 3 8 1 6 67 4 29 - 55 44 1 “ . 65 35 - ** 86 1 13 ** _ 2 ** 94 1 3 _ 3 _ 2 - 91 6 98 - 3 4 89 4 - 1 - 99 - _ 99 ** _ 1 88 3 8 ** 41 5 49 1 5 53 6 33 1 7 23 1 77 - 22 5 72 1 ■ 12 88 " ** 37 6 56 ** ** ** 95 1 4 ** ** 92 1 6 2 93 4 - 1 99 - 99 ** 79 3 19 ** 9 14 70 2 5 12 21 56 3 8 99 1 - 6 4 88 1 - - 7 93 - ** 3 6 90 _ ** ** - _ 1 _ _ - - - - - - - 88 5 7 87 5 9 99 87 6 7 94 3 3 87 10 3 70 3 27 1 ** 86 4 8 1 1 83 5 10 - A m ou nt o f v o c a t io n p a y A fter 6 months of service L ess than 1 week _____________________ ________ 1 week __________________________________ . . __ Over 1 and under 2 weeks ___________________ 2 weeks ___ ____________________________________ A fter 1 yea r of service L ess than 1 week _________________ ____________ 1 week __ _____________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------2 weeks __________________________________._____ Over 2 and under 3 weeks _________ -__________ 3 weeks _______________________________________ A fter 2 years of service L ess than 1 week __________________ ____ _____ 1 week --------------------------------------------- -------------Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s _■______ ____________ . 2 weeks ______ _______ _______________ _________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ---- -------------------------3 weeks ________________ _____________________ - A fter 3 yea rs of service Le 88 than 1 week --------------- ---------- ------------1 week ____ __________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s _____________________ 2 weeks _________ _______________ ____ ________ _ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ___________-________ 3 weeks ------------------------------------------------------------ - 100 - After 5 yea rs of service 1 week ________________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks ____________________ 2 weeks ___ _______________________ ____ Over 2 and under 3 weeks _ ___ _________ 3 w e e k s __________ *__ ____________________ __ - ** See footnotes at end of table. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. NOTE: _ _ - - - - 99 1 “ 95 2 3 83 4 11 97 Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 111., April 1958 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length-of-tim e," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. 2 1 . 2 Table B-7: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT O O P FFIC W R ER EM E OK S PLO YED IN — Vacation policy A ll in u s d strie M n fa rin a u ctu g Pb . u lic u tilitie t s W o le h lesa tra e d R il tra e eta d PERCEN O PLAN W R T F T O KERS EM YED IN PLO — Finanoett S rv e e ic s A ll . in u s 1 d strie M n fa rin a u ctu g Pb . u lic u tilitie f s W o le h lesa tra e d R il tra e eta d S rv e e ic s Amount of vacation p a y - Continued After 10 years of service 1 week __________________-_______________-_____ 2 weeks ____________________ __________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ___________________ 3 weeks ______________________________-_______ Over 3 and under 4 weeks ________________ _ 4 weeks ______________________________________ 47 1 50 2 1 49 16 33 ** ** 1 43 21 34 1 - _ 73 23 4 * . 56 7 36 . 1 2 46 4 48 - 8 . ** . 7 2 88 3 _ 38 1 53 8 1 16 1 79 3 ** 1 10 1 86 2 * . 76 23 1 . 24 1 74 1 2 17 80 - 1 85 14 ** 1 9 . 77 13 " . 6 4 78 2 11 " . 37 1 53 9 - 1 14 1 71 2 9 2 1 8 1 81 3 6 " . 52 . 21 1 68 10 “ 2 15 63 20 “ 1 80 . 19 ** - 1 9 15 75 6 . 31 1 54 15 1 13 1 53 5 24 2 1 8 1 61 8 20 1 . 20 1 42 2 36 2 15 1 75 22 2 ** 48 11 38 2 45 10 41 4 64 24 12 - . 64 9 24 . 4 1 36 3 60 " . 46 17 37 - ** 12 2 81 2 3 _ 9 2 85 4 . 5 72 23 “ . 22 4 70 4 1 11 88 “ ** 11 1 72 1 12 2 . 9 76 1 14 • . 5 67 5 23 _ 22 4 61 . 13 " ** 10 1 49 2 35 3 9 . 53 3 34 1 5 65 1 6 23 . 21 4 42 2 31 * 1 91 After 15 years of service 1W A»1c 7 wucka ___ _ _ _____ _ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ___________________ 3 weeks ______________________________________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks __________________ _ 4 week. ----------------------------------------------------------After 20 years of service 1 week _______ . _______________________________ 2 weeks ________________ ____ ____ _______ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ---- ---------- -------------3 weeks ________________ _ ____ ___ ___________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks .______ . . . . . . . _______ a wank. Over 4 w e e k s ______ ________________________ - 26 22 After 25 years of service 1 week _____________________________________ 7 «M ki . Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ______ _______ .. 3 weeks ___________ _________ ____________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks . . . . . ___ ___________ 4 w e e k s _____ _______________ ______ ________ Over 4 weeks _________________________________ - 54 2 36 2 l Includes data for rsal estate in addition to those industry division! shown separately. * Psriods of ssrvlcs wsrs arbitrarily chossn and do not nscsssarily rsflsct ths individual provisions for progrsssions. include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. ++ Less than 0.5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. - _ - 51 27 22 - 37 47 For txamplo, ths changes in proportions indicated at 10 years* servi' 21 T a b le B -8: H e a lth , In s u ra n c e , a n d P e n sio n P la n s P R E T O O F E W R E S E PLO E C N P F IC O K R M YED IN— Type of plan All w orkers____________________________________ Workers in establishments providing: Life insurance _________ ____________________ Accidental death and dismemberment insurance___ ________ ____ _ Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both * ______ ___ ____ — _ Sickness and accident insurance Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) ___ _ _ ___ ____ __ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period) __ ____ _____________ Hospitalisation insurance_______ ___ Surgical insurance __ _ _ _______ Medical insurance __________________________ Catastrophe' insurance ______________________ Retirement pension_________________________ No health, insurance, or pension plan_____ P R E T O PLA T W R ER EM YED IN ECN F N OK S PLO — M n fa rin a u ctu g Pb u lic u tilitie s'} W o le h lesa tra e d R il tra e eta d 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 99 96 86 93 99 72 93 44 54 30 50 36 38 21 80 47 88 67 93 37 79 45 90 32 64 29 41 44 41 51 8 15 82 82 55 32 74 1 9 87 86 63 25 74 ** 42 54 54 31 31 85 1 3 83 81 58 27 71 1 56 95 90 23 43 65 1 A ll in u trie da s A ll in u s 1 d strie W o sa h le le tra e d R il tra e eta d S r ic s ev e 100 100 100 100 98 99 88 83 82 48 57 30 50 29 25 51 22 89 74 95 87 99 48 72 56 79 52 75 70 49 32 5 1 28 18 4 13 2 83 87 70 47 83 ** 44 68 68 44 12 39 10 15 87 86 56 12 60 2 10 91 91 60 10 65 1 44 54 54 29 21 96 5 81 80 57 11 65 5 29 92 87 45 19 45 3 1 87 85 75 4 17 10 F a ce '| in n "f' S r ic s ev e M n fa rin a u ctu g Pb u lic u tilitie J s 1 Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. * Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick-leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. ♦♦Less than 0 .5 percent. f Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finatnce. insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, III., April 1958 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 22 Appendix: Job Descriptions The p rim a ry purpose o f preparing job d escrip tion s for the B u reau 's wage su rveys is to a s s is t its fie ld staff in cla ssify in g into appropriate occu p ation s w o rk e rs who are em ployed under a v a rie ty o f p a y roll titles and differen t w ork arran gem en ts fr o m establishm ent to establish m en t and fr o m a rea to a re a . This is essen tia l in o rd e r to p e rm it the grouping o f occu p ation al wage rates rep resen tin g com p arable jo b content. B ecause o f this em phasis on inter establish m en t and in tera rea com p a ra b ility o f occu pation al content, the B u rea u 's job d escrip tion s m ay d iffer sig n ifi cantly fr o m those in use in individual establish m en ts or th ose p rep a red fo r other p u rp o se s. In applying these jo b d e scrip tio n s, the B u reau 's fie ld re p re se n ta tiv e s a re in stru cted to exclude w o rk ing s u p e r v is o r s , a p p ren tices, le a r n e r s , b eg in n ers, tra in e e s, handicapped w o rk e rs , p a rt-tim e , te m p o ra ry , and probationary w o r k e r s . Office B ILL E R , MACHINE P re p a r e s statem ents, b ills , and in v o ice s on a m achine other than an ord in a ry o r e le ctro m a tic ty p ew riter. May a lso keep r e c o r d s as to billings or shipping ch a rges o r p e r fo r m other c le r ic a l w ork in cidental to billing o p e ra tio n s. F or wage study p u rp oses, b ille r s , m achine, are c la s s ifie d by type o f m achine, as fo llo w s: B ille r , m achine (billin g m achine) - U ses a sp e cia l b illing machine (M oon Hopkins, E lliott F is h e r, B urroughs, e tc . , which are com bination typing and adding m ach in es) to p rep a re b ills and in v oices fr o m c u s to m e r s ' purchase o r d e r s , internally p rep a red o r d e r s , shipping m em oranda, e tc . Usually in volves application o f p red eterm in ed discounts and shipping ch a rges and entry o f n e ce ssa ry exten sion s, which m ay or m ay not be com puted on the billing m ach in e, and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m ach in e. The operation usually in volves a la rg e num ber o f carbon co p ie s o f the b ill being p rep a red and is often done on a fanfold m ach in e. B ille r , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) - U ses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E lliott F is h e r , R em ington Rand, e t c . , which may or m ay not have typ ew riter keyboard) to p rep a re c u s to m e r s ' b ills as part o f the accounts re ce iv a b le op era tion . G en erally in volves the sim ultaneous entry o f fig u res on c u s to m e r s ' le d g e r record . The m achine au tom atically accu m u lates fig u re s on a num ber o f v e r tic a l colum ns and com putes and usually prints auto m atically the debit o r cre d it b a la n ce s. D oes not involve a know l edge o f bookkeeping. W orks fr o m u n iform and standard types o f sales and cre d it s lip s . BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR O perates a bookkeeping m achine (R em ington Rand, E lliott F ish er, Sundstrand, B urrou gh s, National C ash R e g iste r, with o r w ith out a typew riter keyboard) to keep a r e c o r d o f bu sin ess tra n sa ction s. BOOKKEEPING-M ACHINE OPERATOR - Continued C la ss A - Keeps a set o f r e c o r d s requ irin g a knowledge o f and e x p e rie n ce in b a sic bookkeeping p rin cip les and fa m ilia rity with the stru ctu re o f the p articu lar accounting sy stem u sed. D eter m ines p rop er r e c o r d s and distribu tion o f debit and cre d it item s to be used in each phase o f the w ork . May p rep are con solidated r e p o r ts , balance sh eets, and other r e c o r d s by hand. C la ss B - Keeps a r e c o r d o f one o r m ore phases o r sections o f a set o f r e c o r d s usually requ irin g little knowledge o f b a sic book keeping .« P h a ses or section s include accounts payable, p ayroll, c u s to m e r s ' accou nts (not including a sim ple type o f billing d e scrib e d under b ille r , m ach in e), c o s t d istribu tion , expense distribution, in v en tory co n tro l, e tc. May ch eck or a ssist in preparation o f trial b a la n ces and p rep are co n tro l sheets fo r the accounting departm ent. CLERK , ACCOUNTING C la ss A - Under gen eral d irection o f a bookkeeper or accou n t ant, has re sp o n sib ility fo r keeping one or m ore section s o f a c o m plete set o f book s o r r e c o r d s relatin g to one phase o f an esta b lish m en t's bu sin ess tra n sa ction s. W ork in volves posting and balancing su b sid iary le d g e r o r le d g e rs such as accounts re ce iv a b le o r a c counts payable; exam ining and coding in v oices or vou ch ers with p rop er accounting distribution; req u ires judgm ent and ex p erien ce in m aking p rop er assign ation s and a llo ca tio n s. May a s s is t in p re p a rin g , adjusting, and closin g jou rn al en tries; m ay d ire ct cla s s B accounting c le r k s . C la ss B - Under su p ervision , p e rfo rm s one o r m ore routine accounting operation s such as posting sim ple jou rn al v ou ch ers, a ccou n ts payable v o u ch e rs , entering v ou ch ers in vou cher r e g is t e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g bank a ccou n ts; posting su bsidiary led g ers co n tro lle d by g e n e ra l le d g e r s . This jo b d oes not requ ire a knowledge o f accounting and bookkeeping p rin cip les but is found in o ffic e s in which the m o re routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a fu n c tional b a sis among se v e ra l w o r k e r s . 23 CLERK, FILE Class A - Responsible for maintaining an established filing system. Classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating ma terial in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers1 orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective de partments to be filled. May check with credit department to deter mine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. Keeps files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confi dential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dicta tion or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior. CLERK, PAYROLL STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker*s name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type writer. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). COMPTOMETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon sibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine. Makes necessary ad justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple com pleted material. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give infor mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. 24 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST tion type This time In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’s while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine; does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate auxiliary machines. included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep ing sim; ’ e records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreignlanguage copy; combining material from several sources, or planning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uni formity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not Professional DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Uses various types of drafting tools .as required. May pre pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or pre liminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during Class B - Performs one or more of the following; Typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e tc .; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. a nd Technical DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following; Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc. , to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. 25 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured! attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. M a in t e n a n c e TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple drawings and do simple lettering. a d Powerplant CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, mo tors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician^ handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding ma terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools, and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. 26 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjust ments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance* mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE MILLWRIGHT Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instruc tions and specifications; planning ana laying out of work; using a va riety of machinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay out are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing, and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re ducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal appren ticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work involves most of the following; Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. 27 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the fol lowing: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe re quired; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Workers rimarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or eating systems are excluded. and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing- system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning Custodial a nd (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi cations; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Material ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In cludes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and otlier persons entering. TOOL AND DIE MAKER Movement JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. 28 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following; Loading and unloading various materials and merchan dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers1 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of out going orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware houses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail estab lishments and custom ers1 houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re sponsible for incoming shipment of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves; Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under IVa tons) Truckdriver, " medium (lVa to and including 4 tons) —* y^ — * Truckdriver, heavy i.over 4 tons, trailer type) truckdriver, heavy over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. * U S G V R MN P IN GO : I# 8 0—7 7 7 . . O E N E T R TIN FFICE 5 4 2 4 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys are being conducted in 19 major labor markets during late 1957 and early 1958. These bulletins, numbered 1224-1 through 1224-19, when available may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C ., or from any of the regional offices shown below. A summary bulletin containing data for all labor markets combined with additional analysis will be issued early in 1959. Bulletins for the labor markets listed below are now available. Seattle, Wash., August 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-1, price 20 cents Boston, Mass., September 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-2, price 25 cents Baltimore, Md., August 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-3, price 25 cents Dallas, T ex ., October 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-4, price 20 cents St. Louis, Mo., November 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-5, price 25 cents Philadelphia, P a ., October 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-6, price 25 cents Denver, Colo., December 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-7, price 25 cents San Francisco-Oakland, C alif., January 1958 — BLS Bull. 1224-8, price 25 cents Memphis, Tenn., January 1958 — BLS Bull. 1224-9, price 25 cents Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., January 1958 — BLS Bull. 1224-10, price 25 cents New Orleans, L a., February 1958 — BLS Bull. 1224-11, price 20 cents Newark-Jersey City, N. J., December 1957 — BLS Bull. 1224-12, price 25 cents
