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Occupational Wage Survey

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June 1960

Bulletin No. 1265-61




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clagua, Commissiocw




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BOISE, IDAHO
JUNE 1960

Bulletin No. 1265-61
August I960
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C.

Price 20 cents




P re fa c e

Contents
P age

The C om m u n ity W age S u rvey P r o g r a m

In tro d u ctio n

T he B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistic s r e g u la r ly c o n d u cts
a r e a w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n um ber o f im p orta n t in d u s tr ia l
c e n t e r s . The stu d ie s, m ade fr o m late fa ll to e a r ly sp rin g ,
r e la te to o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d su p p lem en ta ry
b e n e fit s . A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le t io n
o f the study in e a c h a r e a , u su ally in the m on th fo llo w in g
the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied. T h is b u lletin p r o v id e s a d d ition a l
data not in clu d ed in the e a r lie r r e p o r t .
A c o n s o lid a te d
a n a ly tica l b u lle tin s u m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f a ll o f the
y e a r 's s u r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le t io n o f the fin a l a r e a
b u lle tin fo r the c u r r e n t round o f s u r v e y s .

T a b le s:

T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l
o ffic e in San F r a n c is c o , C a l i f . , by W illia m P . O 'C o n n o r,
under the d ir e c t io n o f John L . D ana, R e g io n a l W age and
In d u s tria l R e la tio n s A n a ly s t.




__________________________________________________________________

1

1.

E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y ____________

2

A:

O ccu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s :*
A -l.
O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s ____________________________________________
A - 2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s ___________________
A -3 .
M a in ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a tio n s _________________
A -4 .
C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ___________

4
4
5
5

B:

E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age
p r o v is io n s :*
B -l.
Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s ____________________________________________
B -2 . M in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en
o ffic e w o r k e r s _______________________________________________
B -3 .
S ch ed u led w e e k ly h o u r s _____________________________________
B -4 .
P a id h o lid a y s _____
B -5 .
P a id v a c a tio n s _______________________________________________
B -6 .
H ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n p la n s ______________________

A pp en dix:

O ccu p a tio n a l d e s c r ip tio n s _____________________________________

* N O TE: S im ila r ta b u la tion s fo r th ese and oth er ite m s a r e
a v a ila b le in the r e p o r t s fo r s u r v e y s in oth er m a jo r a r e a s .
A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date o f study and the p r ic e o f the
r e p o r t s is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t.
U nion s c a le s , in d ic a tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls ,
a r e a ls o a v a ila b le fo r se v e n s e le c t e d b u ild in g t r a d e s , in
the B o is e a r e a .

i ii

6
7
7
8
9
11
13




O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S u rv ey —Boise, Id a h o
Introduction
T his area is one of se v e r a l im portant in d u strial cen ters in
w hich the U .S . D epartm ent of Labor* s B ureau of Labor S ta tistic s has
conducted su rv ey s of occupational earnings and related wage b en efits
on an areaw ide b a s is . In this area, data w ere obtained by personal
v is its of B ureau field eco n o m ists to rep resen tative estab lish m en ts
w ithin s ix broad industry division s: M anufacturing; tra n sp o rta tio n ,1
com m u n ication, and other public u tilities; w h olesale trade; reta il
trade; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor in ­
dustry groups excluded from th ese stu d ies are governm ent operations
and the con stru ction and ex tractive in d u stries. E stab lish m en ts having
few er than a p rescrib ed num ber of w orkers are om itted a lso b ecau se
they fu rn ish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w a r­
rant in clu sion . W herever p o ssib le, separate tabulations are provided
for each of the broad industry d iv isio n s.
T h ese su rveys are conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecau se of the
u n n ecessa ry c o st involved in surveying a ll esta b lish m en ts. To obtain
appropriate accu ra cy at m inim um c o st, a greater proportion of large
than of sm a ll estab lish m en ts is studied. In com bining the data, how ­
ever, a ll esta b lish m en ts are given their appropriate w eight. E stim a tes
b ased on the estab lish m en ts studied are p resen ted , th erefo re, as r e ­
latin g to a ll estab lish m en ts in the industry grouping and area, e x ­
cep t for th ose below the m inim um s iz e studied.
O ccupations and E arnings
The occupations selec te d for study are com m on to a variety
of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing in d u stries. O ccupational c la s ­
sific a tio n is based on a uniform se t of job d escrip tion s designed to
take account of in terestab lish m en t variation in duties w ithin the sam e
job. (See appendix for listin g of th ese d escrip tio n s.) E arnings data are
p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) for the follow ing types of occupa­
tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p ro fessio n a l and techn ical; (c) m ain te­
nance and pow erplant; and (d) cu stod ial and m aterial m ovem ent.
O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for
fu ll-tim e w o rk ers, i. e . , those h ired to work a regular w eekly sch ed ­
ule in the given occupational cla ssific a tio n . E arnings data exclude
prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eeken ds, h olid a ys, and
1 R ailroad s, fo rm erly excluded from the scope of th ese stu d ies,
have been added in n ea rly a ll of the areas to be studied during the
w in ter of 1959-60; ra ilroad s w ill be added in the rem aining a rea s next
y ea r. F or scope of su rvey in this a rea, se e footnote to "transporta­
tion, com m unication, and other public u tilities" in table 1.




late sh ifts. Nonproduction b onu ses are excluded a lso , but c o st-o fliving bonuses and incen tive earn in gs are inclu ded. W here w eekly
hours are reported, as for office c le r ic a l occu p ation s, referen ce is
to the work sch ed u les (rounded to the n ea rest half hour) for which
stra ig h t-tim e sa la r ie s are paid; average w eekly earn in gs for these
occupations have been rounded to the n ea rest half d ollar.
A verage earnings of m en and wom en are p resen ted sep arately
for selec te d occupations in which both se x e s are com m only em ployed.
D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls of m en and w om en in th ese occupations are
la rg ely due to (1) d ifferen ces in the distrib u tion of the se x e s am ong
in d u stries and estab lish m en ts; (2) d ifferen ces in sp ecific duties p er­
form ed, although the occupations are appropriately c la ss ifie d w ithin
the sam e su rvey job description; and (3) d ifferen ces in length of s e r v ­
ic e or m erit review when individual sa la r ie s are adjusted on this b asis.
L onger average se r v ic e of m en would re su lt in higher average pay
when both se x e s are em ployed w ithin the sam e rate range. Job
d escrip tion s used in cla ssify in g em p loyees in th ese su rveys are u su ­
ally m ore g en era lized than those used in individual estab lish m en ts to
allow for m inor d ifferen ces am ong estab lish m en ts in sp ecific duties
perform ed.
O ccupational em ploym ent estim a tes rep resen t the total in all
estab lish m en ts w ithin the scop e of the study and not the num ber actu ­
ally su rveyed . B ecau se of d ifferen ces in occupational stru ctu re am ong
estab lish m en ts, the e stim a tes of occupational em ploym ent obtained
from the sam ple of estab lish m en ts studied serv e only to indicate the
relative im portance of the jobs studied. T h ese d ifferen ces in o ccu ­
pational stru ctu re do not m a teria lly affect the accu racy of the ea rn ­
ings data.
E stab lish m en t P r a c tic e s and Supplem entary Wage P ro v isio n s
Inform ation is p resen ted a lso (in the B -s e r ie s tab les) on s e ­
lected estab lish m en t p ra ctices and supplem entary b en efits as they r e ­
late to o ffice and plant w o rk ers. The term "office w o rk ers, " as used
in this b ulletin, includes w orking su p erv iso rs and n on su p ervisory
w ork ers perform ing c le r ic a l or related fu n ction s, and exclu d es adm in­
istr a tiv e , ex ecu tive, and p ro fessio n a l p erson n el. "Plant w ork ers" in ­
clude w orking forem en and all n on su p ervisory w orkers (including lea d m en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A d m in istrative,
ex ecu tive, and p ro fession a l em p lo y ees, and fo rce-a cco u n t con stru ction
em p lo yees who are u tilized as a sep arate work force are excluded .
C afeteria w ork ers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in d u s­
tries, but are included as plant w ork ers in nonm anufacturing in d u stries.

2




T able 1. E sta b lish m en ts and w ork ers w ithin scope of su rvey and num ber studied in B o ise , Idaho, by m ajor in d u stry d iv isio n , 2 June I960
Ind ustry d iv isio n

A ll d iv isio n s _

__ ___________ __ __ __ __ __

M anufacturing _ __
___ _ __ __ ___ _ _
N onm anufacturing
_ _____ _ __
—
__ _
T ransportation , com m un ication , and
other public u t ilit ie s 5 _ ________ __ __ __ __ _
W h olesale trade ______ __ __ ____ ______________
R eta il t r a d e ________________________________________
F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e sta te
_____
S e r v ic e s 7 ___ ______ ____
__ ____ ____

M inim um
em ploym ent
in e sta b lish ­
m en ts in scope
of study

N um ber of e sta b lish m en ts
W ithin scope
of stu d y 3

Studied

T o ta l4

51

43

41

5 ,7 4 0

51
51
51
51
51
51
51

16
27
5
3
11
4
4

14
27
5
3
11
4
4

I, 500
4, 240
1,7 2 0
290
1, 360
500
37 0

W ork ers in e sta b lish m en ts
W ithin scope of study
O ffice
P lant
1, 190
220
97 0
37 0
(‘ )
( )
(6)
(6 )

Studied
T o ta l4

3 ,2 1 0

5, 500

880
2, 330
820
(*)
(‘ )
(6)
(6 )

1, 2b0
4 ,2 4 0
1 ,7 2 0
290
1, 360
500
370

1 The B o ise A rea (Ada C ounty). The "w orkers w ithin scope of study" e stim a te s show n in th is tab le provide a reason ab ly a ccu rate d e sc rip tio n of the siz e and co m ­
p o sitio n of the lab or fo rce included in the su rvey. The e stim a te s are not intended, how ever, to serv e a s a b a sis of com p arison w ith oth er area em p loym en t in d exes to
m ea su r e em ploym ent tren d s or le v e ls sin ce ( l) planning of w age su rveys req u ires the use of estab lish m en t data com p iled co n sid erab ly in advance of the p ayroll period
studied, and (2) sm a ll e sta b lish m en ts a re exclud ed from the scope of the su rvey.
2 The 1957 r e v ise d edition of the Standard Ind ustrial C la ssific a tio n M anual w as used in c la ssify in g esta b lish m en ts by in dustry d iv isio n . M ajor changes from the e a r ­
lie r edition (used in the B ureau’s labor m a rk et w age su rvey program p rio r to the w in ter of 1958-59) a re the tra n sfer of m ilk p a steu riza tio n plants and rea d y -m ix ed con crete
e sta b lish m en ts from trad e (w h olesale or r e ta il) to m anufacturing, and the tra n sfer of radio and te le v is io n broad castin g from s e r v ic e s to the tran sp ortation , com m un ication ,
and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n .
3 Includ es a ll esta b lish m e n ts w ith total em ploym ent at or above the m in im u m -siz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the a r ea ) of com p an ies in such in d u stries a s trad e,
finance, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tion -p ictu re th e a te r s are co n sid ered a s 1 esta b lish m en t.
4 Includes e x ecu tiv e, p r o fessio n a l, and other w ork ers excluded from the sep arate o ffice and plant c a te g o r ie s.
5 R ailroad s w ere included; tax icab s and s e r v ic e s in cidental to w ater tran sp ortation w ere exclud ed.
6 T his in dustry d iv isio n is r e p resen ted in e stim a te s for "all in d u stries" and "nonm anufacturing" in the S e r ie s A and B ta b le s, although coverage w as in su fficien t to
ju stify sep arate p resen ta tio n of data.
7 H otels; p erson al se r v ic e s; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; autom obile rep air shops; m o tion p ictu res; nonprofit m em b ersh ip organ ization s; and en gin eerin g and a r c h itectu ra l s e r v ic e s .

3

The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al a rran ge­
m en ts, excluding inform al plans w hereby tim e off with pay is granted
at the d iscretio n of the em p lo yer. Separate e stim a tes are provided
accord ing to em ployer practice in com puting vacation paym ents, such
as tim e paym ents, percent of annual ea rn in gs, or fla t-su m am ounts.
H ow ever, in the tabulations of vacation a llow an ces, paym ents not on
a tim e b a sis w ere converted; for exam p le, a paym ent of 2 p ercen t of
annual earn ings w as co n sid ered as the equ ivalent of 1 week* s pay.

Data are p resen ted for a ll health , in su ran ce, and pen sion
plans for which at le a st a part of the c o st is borne by the em p lo yer,
excepting only leg a l req u irem en ts such as workmen* s com p ensation
and so cia l secu r ity . Such plans include those underw ritten by a co m ­
m er cia l insu ran ce com pany and those provided through a union fund or
paid d irectly by the em p loyer out of cu rren t operating funds or from
a fund s e t asid e for this purpose. Death b en efits are included as a
form of life in su ran ce.
S ick n ess and accid en t in su ran ce is lim ited- to that type of in ­
surance under which p red eterm in ed ca sh paym ents are m ade d irectly
to the in sured on a w eekly or m onthly b a sis during illn e s s or accid en t
d isa b ility . Inform ation is p resen ted for all such plans to which the
em ployer co n trib u tes. H ow ever, in New York and New J e r se y , which
have enacted tem porary d isab ility in su ran ce law s w hich require e m ­
ployer con trib u tion s , 4 plans are included only if the em p loyer ( 1 ) co n ­
tributes m ore than is le g a lly req u ired , or (2 ) p rovides the em ployee
with ben efits w hich ex ceed the req u irem en ts of the law . T abulations
of paid sic k -le a v e plans are lim ited to form al p la n s 5 w hich provide
full pay or a proportion of the w ork er's pay during ab sen ce from work
b ecau se of illn e s s . Separate tabulations are provided accord ing to
(l) plans which provide fu ll pay and no w aiting period, and (2 ) plans
providing eith er partial pay or a w aiting p eriod. In addition to the
presen tation of the proportions of w ork ers who are provided sick n ess
and accid en t insuran ce or paid sick lea v e, an unduplicated total is
shown of w ork ers who receiv e eith er or both types of b en efits.
C atastrophe in su ran ce, so m etim es re ferred to as, extended
m ed ical in su ran ce, inclu des those plans w hich are d esign ed to p rotect
em p lo yees in c a se of sick n e ss and injury involving ex p en ses beyond
the norm al co vera ge of h osp italiza tio n , m ed ica l, and su rg ica l p lan s.
M edical insuran ce r e fe rs to plans providing for com p lete or p artial
paym ent of doctors* fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by co m m e r­
cia l insuran ce com panies or nonprofit organ ization s or they m ay be
se lf-in su r e d . T abulations of retirem en t p en sion plans are lim ited to
those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem ain d er of the
w o r k e r 's life .

An estab lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a policy if it m et
eith er o f the follow ing conditions: (1) O perated late sh ifts at the tim e
of the su rvey, or (2 ) had form al p ro vision s co verin g late sh ifts.
3 Scheduled w eekly hours for office p o r k ers (fir st sectio n of
table B -3 ) in su rveys m ade prior to late 1957 and ea rly 1958 w ere
p resen ted in term s of the proportion of w om en office w ork ers e m ­
ployed in o ffices with the indicated w eek ly hours for w om en w o rk ers.

4 The tem porary d isab ility law s in C aliforn ia and Rhode Island
do not require em p loyer con trib u tion s.
5 An estab lish m en t w as co n sid ered as having a form al plan if
it esta b lish ed at le a st the m inim um num ber of days of sic k lea ve that
could be expected by each em p lo y ee. Such a plan need not be w ritten ,
but inform al sic k -le a v e allo w a n ces, d eterm in ed on an individual b a s is ,
w ere excluded .

Shift d ifferen tia l data (table B - l) are lim ited to m anufacturing
in d u stries. T his inform ation is p resen ted both in term s of (a) esta b ­
lish m en t p olicy, 2 p resen ted in term s of total plant w orker em p loy­
m ent, and (b) effectiv e p ra ctice, presen ted on the b a sis of w orkers
actually em ployed on the sp ecified sh ift at the tim e of the su rvey.
In estab lish m en ts having varied d ifferen tia ls, the am ount applying to
a m ajority w as u sed o r , if no am ount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sifica tio n "other" w as u sed . In estab lish m en ts in w hich som e la te sh ift hours are paid at norm al ra te s, a d ifferen tial was record ed only
if it applied to a m ajority of the sh ift hours.
M inim um entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the esta b ­
lish m en ts v isite d . They are p resen ted on an estab lish m en t, rather
than on an em ploym ent b a sis. P aid holidays; paid vacations; and
health , in su ran ce, and pension plans are treated sta tistic a lly on the
b a sis that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w ork ers if a m a ­
jority of such w ork ers are elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify for the
p ra ctices liste d . Scheduled hours are treated sta tistic a lly on the b a sis
that th ese are applicable to all plant or office w ork ers if a m ajority
are c o v ere d . 3 B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s in these
tabulations m ay not equal to ta ls.
The fir s t part of the paid holidays table p resen ts the num ­
b er of whole and h alf holidays actually provided. The secon d part
com b in es whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e .




A* Occupational Earnings

4




Table A -l. O ffice Occupations

(A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and earning? for s e le c te d occupations stud ied on an a rea b a sis
by in dustry d iv isio n , B o is e , Idaho, June I960)
S e x ,1 occup ation , and in dustry d ivision

B ookk eepin g-m ach ine o p er a to r s, c la s s A
_____
B ookk eepin g-m ach ine o p er a to r s, c la s s B
N onm anufacturing __________________ ____ __________
C le r k s, accounting, c la s s A ____________________________
N onm anufacturing _____________________________________
C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B _____________________________
M anufacturing _ _____________________________________
N onm anufacturing
_________ ___________ _______
C lerk s, file , c la s s B -------------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing _____________________________________
C lerk s, p ayroll _ _________________________________________
K eypunch op erators ______________________________________
S e c r e ta r ie s ________________________________________________
N on m an u factu rin g ________ _________________________ _
S ten ograp h ers, g e n e r a l___________________________________
M an u factu rin g ________________________ _______________
N on m an u factu rin g _____________________ ______________
P ublic u tilitie s 3 _______ ____________________________
Sw itchboard op erators _____________________ ____________
N onm anufacturing --------------------------- ---- ------------------Sw itchboard o p er a to r -r ec e p tio n ists __ _______________
T y p ists, c la s s A — ________ __ ____ __ _ __
T y p ists, c la s s B __ __ ______
__
__ __
__ _

Number
at
workers

11
81
75
17
10
36
11
25
25
23
10
23
79
61
64
17
47
16
13
11
11
14
21

Atiuoi
NUMBER OF WORKER8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNING8 OF$
$
$
$
S
$
S
$
$
$
$
$
WeeklyWeekly
4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 50 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 60.00 65 .0 0 70.0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 90.0 0 9 5 .0 0
hours
earnings
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 60.0 0 65.0 0 70 .0 0 75.0 0 8 0 .0 0 a s .o o 90.0 0 95.0 0 100.00
38. 5
3 9 .5
39- 5
4 0 .0
4 1 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
39-5
4 0 .0
4 2 .5
4 3 .5
3 9 .5
40.0
40 .0

$ 7 1 .0 0
52.5 0
52.00
78.00
82.00
64.0 0
63.50
64.00
4 9 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
70. 50
56. 50
79. 50
61.06
63.0 0
59. 50
64.00
76.0 0
50.0 0
4 9 .0 0
61.0 0
64. 50
5 7 .0 0

17
26
12
17 — rz ---- Z5
_
_
_
_
2
3
1
1
2
1
3
8
11
3
8
9
_
_
.

1
1
4
4

_
1

1
15
12
_

5

8

8
8
3
3
1
2

"
2
_
2
4
4

8
2
6
1
1
1
2

21
7
14
2
3
1
5

_

2
3

5

2
6
5
1
12
7
5
_
“
2
5
4
4
17
7
10
1
_

4

2
1

3

4

1

4
4
3
4
4
4
_
1
2

2
2
_
_
3

19
13
1
1
_
-

8
6
6
6
5
1
1

_

1
5

1

_

3

1
1
1
5
4
2
2

_

~
2
1
14
7
2
2
1
_
2
3

i
i

1

1

-

2
1
_
_

2
2
_
_

_

1

3
2

6
6
2
2
2

2
2
_
"
_

3
3
_
_

12
11
_
-

8
7
4
4
4

_

_

_

-

-

_
-

_

_

_

D ata lim ite d to w om en w o rk ers.
Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em p lo y ees r e c e iv e th eir regu lar str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s and the earn in gs co rresp o n d to th e se w eek ly h o u rs.
3 T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and oth er pu blic u tilitie s.

Table A-2L Professional and Technical Occupations

S a la r ie s of p r o fessio n a l and tech n ical w ork ers a re om itted
from th is rep o rt. D ata do not m e e t pu blication c r ite r ia .

_

"
_

$
!0QJ)Q
and
over

_

_
_
_

5
5

_

_
-

_
-

_

5
Table A -3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(A verage str a ig h t-tim e hourly earn in gs for m en in s e le c te d occup ation s studied on an a r e a b a sis
by in dustry d iv isio n , B o is e , Idaho, June I960)
Number
of
workers

O ccupation and industry d ivision
A ll sk illed m aintenance occup ation s 2
M anufacturing _ __ __ __ _ ___
N onm anufacturing ___
P ublic u t ilit ie s 3 ____
„
M ech an ics, autom otive —
__
N onm anufacturing „
_ __
P ublic u tilitie s 3 _
1
2
e r s , in
3

— ___ _
___
__
__
__
__ __

49
13
36
35
36
30
29

NUMBER OF WORKEB8 RECEIVING STJHAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Avenge $
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
hourly
1
.0 0
2. 10 2 .2 0
2 .3 0
2 .4 0
2. 60 2. 70 2 .8 0
2. 90
2 .5 0
earnings 2and
and
under
2 .7 0
2 .4 0
2 .8 0
2. 10 2. 20
2 .3 0
2 .9 0
over
2 .5 0
2 .6 0
1
$ 2 .6 8
4
2
32
3
2
4
1
_
_
2 .5 6
1
4
2
1
2
3
_
_
_
_
2 .7 3
32
1
1
1
1
2. 73
32
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
2 .6 4
1
4
1
2
1
27
_
_
_
_
2 .7 3
1
1
1
27
2 .7 3
1
1
27
"
•
"
“

E xclu d es prem ium pay for o v ertim e and for w ork on w eekend s, h o lid ay s, and late sh ifts.
Includes data for ca r p e n te rs, e le c tr ic ia n s , m a ch in ists, m e c h a n ic s, m illw r ig h ts, p a in ters, p ip e fitte r s, p lu m b ers, and sh e e t-m e ta l w ork­
addition to the autom otive m ech a n ics shown sep a r a te ly .
T ransportation , com m un ication , and oth er public u tilitie s.

Table A-4. Custodial and M aterial Movement Occupations

(A verage str a ig h t-tim e hourly earnin gs for se le c te d occup ation s studied on an a rea b a sis
by in dustry d iv isio n , B o is e , Idaho, June I960)

O ccupation1 and industry division

Number
of
workers

Jan ito rs, p o rte rs , and c le a n e r s ______________
M anufacturing-------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing_________________________
Public utilities 3 ------ --------------------------L ab o rers, m aterial handling -------------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing
N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------Public utilities 3 ----------------------------- ---T ruckdrivers 4 ----------------------------------------------Nonmanufac tur ing -------------------------------------Public utilities 3 -----------------------------------T ru ckd rivers, m edium (\}/z to and
including 4 tons) --------------------------------------T ru ckers, power (forklift) -------------- -------Watchmen ------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------------

56
13
43
19
85
26
59
13
53
47
27

Average
hourly 2 Under $
earnings
ink0
$
1. 10 under
1.20
2
$1.65
1752
2
1.66
1. 76
_
_
2.04
1.84
2. 12
2.23
"
.
_
2.19
2.23
2.42
-

30
13
15
14

2.23
2. 14
1.38
1.42

1
2
3
4

$
1.30
1.40
7
7
1
1
_
-

$
1.20
1.30
3
1
2
_
1
-

_

-

-

4

4

1
-

-

4

4

D ata lim ite d to m en w o rk ers.
E xclu d es prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekend s, h o lid ay s, and late sh ifts.
T ran sp ortation , com m un ication , and other public u t ilit ie s .
Includes a ll d r iv ers r e g a r d le ss of siz e and type of truck op erated .




NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2.20
1.40 1.50 1.60 1. 70 1.80
1. 90 2. 00 2. 10
1.50 1. 60 1.70 1.80 1.90
2.00 2. 10 2.20
2.30
2
2
12
12
3
1
3
9
6
3
3
2
2
6
6
1
3
3
9
4
5
6
3
1
~
~
"
_
_
4
18
2
4
4
13
39
4
1
18
1
1
1
3
13
3
39
13
"
“
_
_
2
12
2
2
2
3
3
2
12
3
3
1
1
~
"
-

2
“

3
1
6
6

2

-

_
"

_
■

3
.

3
.
“

1
_

.
“

$

2.30
2.40
_
"
_
-

-

2
.
“

$

2.40
2. 50
_
-

-

23
23
23
23
"

$
2. 50
and
over
-

_
3
— r~
3
3
_
“




B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l. Shift Differentials
(P ercen t of m anufacturing plant w ork ers in esta b lish m en ts having form al p r o v isio n s for shift w ork, and in esta b lish m en ts
a ctu ally op erating late sh ifts by type and am ount of d ifferen tia l, B o ise , Idaho, June I960)
In esta b lish m en ts a ctu ally
In e sta b lish m en ts having form al
p r o v isio n s 1 for—
op erating—
Shift d ifferen tia l
T hird or other
T hird or other
Second shift
Second sh ift
sh ift
work
sh ift work

T otal __________________________ ______________________________

62. 9

33. 6

11. 1

1. 9

With sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l___________________________________
U niform cen ts (per h o u r )________________________________
3 c e n t s _________________________________________________
5 cen ts _________________________________________________
10 cen ts ______________________________________________
15 cents ____________________________________ _________
1 7Vt cen ts __________________________________ _________
U niform p ercen ta ge ---------------- ------------------------------------O ther form al pay d iffe r e n tia l---------------------- ------- ------

45. 4

16. 2
16. 2

_

4. 5

16. 2
-

10. 1
10. 1
1. 8
1. 1
.6
6. 6

No sh ift pay d ifferen tia l _____________________________________

1 7 .4

17. 4

40. 9
7. 2
6. 8
9 .4
5. 7
11. 8

_
-

-

-

"
-

1. 0

1 .9

1
Includes esta b lish m en ts cu rren tly op erating late sh ifts, and esta b lish m en ts w ith form al p r o v isio n s coverin g late sh ifts
even though th ey w ere not cu rren tly op erating late sh ifts.

Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women O ffice W orkers
(D istribution of esta b lish m en ts studied in a ll in d u stries and in industry d iv isio n s by m inim um entran ce sa la ry for s elec ted ca te g o r ie s
of in ex p erien ced w om en o ffice w ork ers, B o ise , Idaho, June I960)
O ther in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s *

In e x p e rie n ce d typ ists
M anufacturing
M in im um w e e k ly s a l a r y 1

A ll
in d u st r ie s

E sta b lish m en ts studied ______________________________
E sta b lish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im u m ________
$37 .
$40 .
$42.
$45.
$47.
$50 .
$52 .

50
00
50
00
50
00
50

$55. 00

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under $ 4 0 . 00 __________________________
under $ 4 2 . 50 __________________________
u nd er $ 4 5 . 00 __________________________
under $ 4 7 . 50 ___________ ______________
u nd er $50 . 00 __________________________
under $ 5 2 . 50 __________________________
under $55 . 00 __________________________
o v e r ____________________________________

E sta b lish m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m ____

__

E sta b lish m en ts w hich did not e m p lo y w o rk e rs
in this c a te g o r y ___________ ___________ ____________

A ll
in d u st r ie s

B a se d on standard w eek ly h ou rs 3 o f—

41

14

XXX

27

XXX

6

16

2

1

14

11

_

1
3
4
3
1

_

_
1
-

1
3
4
1
1
1
1

2
4
1
1
1
1
1

41

14

XXX

27

XXX
.-......"

7

1

1

6

_

_

_

_

2
1
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
-

1
-

2
1
1
1
1

2
1
1
1
1

1

XXX

1

XXX

12

XXX

20

XXX

1

2

-

-

32

40

"

A ll
sch ed u les

40

40

-

B a sed on standard w eek ly h ou rs 3 o f—
A ll
sch ed u les

A ll
sch e d u le s

2

A ll
sch ed u les

N onm anufacturing

M anufacturin g

N onm anufacturing

-

1

-

2
-

2

1
1

40

2

9

"
2

XXX

7

XXX

16

10

XXX

6

XXX

-

1 L ow est sa la r y rate fo rm a lly e sta b lish ed for hiring in ex p erien ced w orkers for typing and other c le r ic a l job s.
2 R ates ap plicab le to m e s s e n g e r s, o ffice g ir ls , or sim ila r su b cle r ic a l jobs are not con sid ered .
3 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em p loyees r e ce iv e th eir regu lar str a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s. Data are p resen ted for a ll w orkw eeks com bined, and for the m o st com m on w orkw eek reported .

Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours
(P ercen t distrib u tion of o ffice and plant w orkers in a ll in d u stries and in in dustry d iv isio n s by sch edu led w eekly hours
of fir s t-s h ift w ork ers, B o ise , Idaho, June I960)
O F F IC E W O R K E R S

W eekly hours

A ll in d u stries

1

M an u factu rin g

PLA N T W ORKERS
P u b lic u tilities

2

A ll in d u stries

3

M an u factu rin g

P u b lic u tilities

___________ _ ___

100

100

100

100

100

100

Under 40 hours _ ___________________________
40 h o u r s ____ _____ ____ _______________
_______________
O ver 40 hours __ _____

16
80
4

16
81
3

100

7
78
15

16
79
5

100

A ll w ork ers ____ _____

Includes data for w h o lesale trade; r e ta il trade; finance, in su ra n ce, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely .
T ransportation , com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
Includes data for w h o lesale trad e, r e ta il trad e, real esta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep arately.




8
Table B-4. Paid Holidays
(P e rc e n t d istrib u tion of o ffice and plant w ork ers in a ll in d u stries and in in dustry d iv isio n s by num ber of paid holidays
provided annually, B o ise , Idaho, June I960)
1

O F F IC E W O R K E R S

Item
All industries

A ll

w ork ers

......

__

.....

.

W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providing
paid h o lid a y s __________________________________
W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providin g
no paid h o lid a y s _____________________ ________

1

M anufacturing

Public utilities

*

PLAN T W O RK ERS

All industries

M anufacturing

Public utilities

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

90
10

94
6

100

3
1
26
44
16
-

_
5
67
22
"

_

16
60
86
86
87
90

22
89
89
94
94

"

-

2

"

Number of days

1 h o lid a y ___ __________ _______________________
4 h o lid a y s _______________________________________
5 holidays _________________________________ __
5 holidays plus 2 half days
6 holidays _
_. . _
7 holidays ___
... ..
8 h o lid a y s ______________________________ _______
10 holidays ________________________ ___________

3
16
33
45
2

.
2
1
16
68
13
"

2
47
80
99
99
99
100

13
96
98
100
100

1

(*)
( 4)

_
-

51
49

-

40
60
-

Total holiday time 5

10 days __________________________________________
8 or m o re d a y s _________________________________
7 or m o re d a y s _________________________________
6 or m o re d a y s _________________________________
5 or m o re d a y s ________ _______________________
4 or m o re d a y s _____ ______________ _________
1 or m o re d a y s ______________ ________________

_
-

_
49
100
100
100
100
100

-

60
100
100
100
100
100

1 Includes data for w h o lesale trade; r e ta il trade; finance, in su ra n ce, r ea l esta te; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely .
2 T ransportation , com m un ication , and other public u tilitie s.
3 Includes data for w h o lesale trad e, r e ta il trad e, rea l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in dustry d iv isio n s shown sep a r a te ly .
4 L e ss than 0. 5 p ercen t.
5 A ll com binations of fu ll and half days that add to the sam e am ount a re com bined; for exam p le, the p rop ortion of w ork ers r e ceiv in g a total of 7 days in clu d es th ose with 7 fu ll days and
no half d ays, 6 fu ll days and 2 half d ays, 5 fu ll days and 4 half d a ys, and so on. P rop ortion s w ere than cum ulated.




9
Table B-5. Paid Vacations
(P ercen t distrib u tion of o ffice and plant w orkers in a ll in d u stries and in in dustry d iv isio n s by vacation pay
p r o v isio n s, B o ise , Idaho, June I960)
V acation p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s ______

_ _ _ -------- ---------------------

PLANT WORKERS

OFFICE WORKERS
All industries

1

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

All industries 2

Manufacturing

Public utilities 2

100

100

100

100

100

100

99
99

99
99

100
98
2

100
98
2

100
100

100

-

-

93
7

-

“

-

■

“

_

2
22

7
7

77

Method of poymont

W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providing
paid vacation s _________________________________
L .ength-of-tim e p a y m e n t______________ ____
P ercen ta g e p a y m e n t____ _ _______ ____
O th e r ____________ ___________________________
W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providing
no paid vacation s ----------------------------- --------

1
-

( 4)

-

-

( 4)

-

-

Amount of vacation p a y 5

A fter 6 m onths of s e r v ic e
Under 1 w eek ___________________________ ______
1 w eek ____________ _____________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _____________________

2

54
3

A fter 1 y ea r of s e r v ic e
Under 1 w eek __________________________________
1 w eek _________________________ __ --------------O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ______ ______________
2 w e e k s __________________________ __________________
3 w e e k s ____________________________________ ______

40

A fter 2 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
1 w eek ___________________________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ______________________
2 w eeks _______________________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________ _______

20
1
76

A fter 3 y ea r s of se r v ic e
1 w eek _ _______________________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ____________________________
2 w eeks _____________________________________
3 w eeks -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A fter 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
1 w eek _____________________________________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ______________________
2 w e e k s _________ __ ___________ _____________
O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks _____ __ __ ___
3 w e e k s __________ __ ___ _____ _ __ __ ___
See footnotes at end of table,




1

1
55
3

2

45

16

6

21
-

55
16

20

88
-

_

54
3
43

9

2
61
16

88

(4)
89
3

2
31
16

93
-

1
94
2
3

_
2
81
16

3

7

(4)

3

-

7

_

-

100
-

3

3
79

2
12
3

12

9

61
12
12

_
“

_
62
7
31
~

56
20
12
12

15
7
77
"

16
1

7
5
76
12

9
91

7
1
87
4

_
5
83

100

-

-

48

7
41
3

79
3

12

-

10

Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued
( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y
p r o v i s i o n s , B o i s e ,, I d a h o , J u n e I 9 6 0 )

O F F IC E W O R K E R S

V acation p o lic y
All industries

1

Manufacturing

PLAN T W O RK ERS

Public utilities

2

All industries 3

M anufacturing

Public utilities 2

Amount of vacation p a y 5— Continued

A fter 10 y e a r s of se r v ic e
1 w eek
_
_____
2 w eek s
_
__
_
__
3 w eek s _ _ __ __ _ __
_____ _____
A fter 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
1 w eek _ __ __ _____ _____ ___ ________
2 w e e k s _____________________________
__ __ __
3 w e e k s ______ _______ _____ __ ___________
O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ______________________
4 w e e k s ___ ____ ____ ___ _____________

1
74
24

_
84
16

1
61
2

30
70.

33

_
-

3

_
100
~
_
_

100

_
88

7
67
26

_
100

"

12

_

7
34
56

_
_
100
-

74
26

_

_

3

A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e

1 w eek ____________________________________________
2 w eeks _________ ___ _____________________ __
3 w e e k s _______ _ ___ ________________________
4 w eek s ___________________________________________

1

_

_
_

64

30
70

15

~

~

_

_

20

100

_

7

_

34
50

74

_

26

100

9

“

A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e

1 w eek ___________________________ ____________
2 w e e k s ___________________________
_____________
3 w eeks
4 w eeks __________________________________________
O v e r 4 w e e k s ________________________________________

1
20

50
24
5

30
70
_

-

57
43

7
34
42
14
3

1 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n an d d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n s .
F o r e x a m p le , th e c h a n g e s
in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 an d 10 y e a r s .

_

_

74

_

26

69

_

31

2

3
4
5
s e r v ic e

N O T E : In th e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n a ll o w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " le n g t h o f t i m e , "
to a n e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y .




such as p ercen ta g e

o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s

or

in p r o p o r t i o n s

fla t-s u m

in d ic a t e d at 10 y e a r s '

p a y m e n ts,

w ere

co n v e rte d

11

Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f it s , B o i s e , I d a h o , J u n e I 9 6 0 )

O F FICE W O R K E R S

PLAN T W O RK ERS

T y p e o f b e n e f it
All industries

A l l w o r k e r s --------------------------------

---------

------------

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g :
L ife in s u r a n c e
---------------- ------------------------------A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t
in s u r a n c e _____________________ ________________
S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r
s i c k l e a v e o r b o t h 4 ___________________________

1

M anufacturing

Public utilities 2

All industries 3

100

100

100

100

94

94

93

48

32

49

M anufacturing

Public utilities 2

100

100

83

79

91

64

57

60
91

79

53

93

72

83

S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e _________
S ic k l e a v e ( f u ll p a y a n d n o
w a it in g p e r i o d )
------------ -----------------------S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r
w a it in g p e r i o d ) _____________________________

20

46

5

46

79

14

64

21

88

20

10

31

13

"

46

H o s p i t a l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ___________________
S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e ______________________________
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e _______________________________
C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e _______________ _______
R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n
__ -------------- -----------------N o h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s i o n p l a n _____

83
83
64
56
62
1

55
55
55
51
93

81
81
74
26
38
7

83
83
67
10
12
17

54
54
54
40
91
“

( 5)

98
98
69
56
60
2

“

1 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .
3 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w .
S i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d t o t h o s e w h ic h
t h e m in i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e j e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e .
I n f o r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a ll o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n a n in d iv id u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
5 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .




d e fin ite ly

e s t a b lis h at

le a s t




13

Appendix: Occupational Descriptions
T h e p r im a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r i n g j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r t h e B u r e a u ’ s w a g e s u r v e y s i s t o a s s i s t i t s
f ie ld s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g in to a p p r o p r ia te o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll
t i t l e s a n d d i f f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t t o e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d fr o m a r e a t o a r e a . T h i s i s
e s s e n t i a l i n o r d e r t o p e r m it t h e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b l e j o b c o n t e n t .
B e c a u s e o f t h is e m p h a s is o n in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t a n d in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n t e n t , th e
B u r e a u ’ s j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y fr o m t h o s e i n u s e i n i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o r t h o s e
p r e p a r e d fo r o th e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e jo b d e s c r ip t io n s , th e B u r e a u 's f ie ld e c o n o m is t s a r e
in s t r u c t e d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s , a p p r e n t ic e s , le a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , t r a in e e s , h a n d ic a p p e d w o r k e r s ,
p a r t-tim e , te m p o r a r y , a n d p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s .
O F F IC E

BILLER, MACHINE

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , a n d i n v o i c e s o n a m a c h in e o th e r
th a n a n o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a t ic t y p e w r it e r . M ay a l s o k e e p r e c o r d s a s
to b illin g s or s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p er fo rm o th e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n t a l
to b illin g o p e r a t io n s . F o r w a g e s t u d y p u r p o s e s , b i ll e r s , m a c h in e , a r e
c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , a s f o llo w s :

O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ( R e m in g to n R a n d , E l l i o t t
F is h e r , S u n d s tr a n d , B u r r o u g h s , N a t io n a l C a s h R e g is t e r , w ith o r w it h o u t
a ty p e w r ite r k e y b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s .

B i l l e r , m a c h in e ( b i l l i n g m a c h in e ) - — U s e s a s p e c i a l b i l l i n g m a ­
c h in e (M o o n H o p k in s , E llio t t F is h e r , B u r r o u g h s , e t c . , w h ic h a r e
c o m b in a t io n t y p in g a n d a d d in g m a c h in e s ) t o p r e p a r e b i l l s a n d in ­
v o i c e s fro m c u s t o m e r s ’ p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in t e r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s ,
s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m s, e t c . U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e d e ­
t e r m in e d d i s c o u n t s a n d s h ip p in g c h a r g e s a n d e n t r y o f n e c e s s a r y
e x t e n s io n s , w h ic h m a y or m a y n o t b e c o m p u te d o n th e b illin g m a ­
c h in e , a n d t o t a ls w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la te d b y m a c h in e .
T h e o p e r a tio n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m b er o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f
th e b i ll b e in g p r e p a r e d a n d i s o ft e n d o n e o h a f a n f o ld m a c h in e .
B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e )— U s e s a b o o k k e e p i n g
m a c h in e ( S u n d s tr a n d , E l l i o t t F is h e r , R e m in g to n R a n d , e t c . , w h ic h
m a y or m a y n o t h a v e ty p e w r ite r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ’
b ills a s p a rt o f th e a c c o u n t s r e c e iv a b le o p e r a tio n . G e n e r a lly in ­
v o lv e s th e s im u lta n e o u s e n tr y o f fig u r e s o n c u s to m e r s ’ le d g e r r e c ­
o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s f ig u r e s o n a n u m b e r
o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s a n d c o m p u te s a n d u s u a lly p r in ts a u t o m a t ic a lly
th e d e b it or c r e d it b a la n c e s . D o e s n o t in v o lv e a k n o w le d g e o f b o o k ­
k e e p in g .
W o r k s f r o m u n if o r m a n d s t a n d a r d t y p e s o f s a l e s a n d
c r e d it s l i p s .




C la s s A — K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f
a n d e x p e r ie n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s a n d f a m ilia r it y w it h
th e str u c tu r e o f th e p a r tic u la r a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m u s e d . D e te r m in e s
p ro p er r e c o r d s a n d d istr ib u tio n o f d e b it a n d c r e d it ite m s to b e u s e d
in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k . M ay p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e
s h e e t s , a n d o th e r r e c o r d s b y h a n d .
C la s s B — K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f
a s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k ­
k e e p in g *
P h a s e s or s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o ll,
c u s to m e r s ’ a c c o u n ts (n o t in c lu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r ib e d
u n d e r b ille r , m a c h in e ), c o s t d is tr ib u tio n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in ­
v e n to r y c o n t r o l, e t c . M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a tio n o f t r ia l
b a la n c e s a n d p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s fo r th e a c c o u n t in g d e p a r tm e n t.

CLERK, ACCOUNTING
C la s s A — U n d e r g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n t ­
a n t, h a s r e s p o n s ib ilit y fo r k e e p in g o n e o r m ore s e c t i o n s o f a c o m ­
p le t e s e t o f b o o k s or r e c o r d s r e la tin g to o n e p h a s e o f a n e s t a b l is h ­
m e n t 's b u s i n e s s t r a n s a c t io n s . W ork in v o lv e s p o s t in g a n d b a la n c in g
s u b s id ia r y le d g e r or le d g e r s s u c h as a c c o u n ts r e c e iv a b le or a c c o u n t s

14

CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued
p a y a b le ; e x a m in in g a n d c o d in g i n v o i c e s o r v o u c h e r s w it h p r o p e r a c ­
c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n ; r e q u ir e s ju d g m e n t a n d e x p e r ie n c e in m a k in g
p ro p e r a s s ig n a t io n s a n d a l lo c a t i o n s . M ay a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g , a d ­
ju s tin g a n d c lo s in g jo u r n a l e n t r ie s ; m a y d ir e c t c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g
c le r k s .
C la s s B — U n d e r s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e r o u t i n e a c ­
c o u n t in g o p e r a tio n s s u c h a s p o s t in g s im p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s o r a c ­
c o u n ts p a y a b le v o u c h e r s , e n te r in g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g is t e r s ;
r e c o n c ilin g b an k a c c o u n ts ; p o s tin g s u b s id ia r y le d g e r s c o n tr o lle d
b y g e n e r a l le d g e r s , or p o s tin g s im p le c o s t a c c o u n tin g d a ta . T h is
jo b d o e s n o t r e q u ir e a k n o w le d g e o f a c c o u n t in g a n d b o o k k e e p in g
p r in c ip le s b u t i s fo u n d in o f f i c e s in w h ic h t h e m o r e r o u t in e a c c o u n t ­
in g w o rk i s s u b d iv id e d o n a fu n c t io n a l b a s i s a m o n g s e v e r a l w o r k e r s .

CLERK, PAYROLL
C o m p u te s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s a n d e n te r s th e n e c e s ­
s a r y d a ta o n th e p a y r o ll s h e e t s . D u t ie s in v o lv e : C a lc u la t in g w o r k e r s '
e a r n in g s b a s e d o n tim e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; p o s t in g c a l c u la t e d d a ta
o n p a y r o ll s h e e t , s h o w in g in fo r m a tio n s u c h a s w o r k e r 's n a m e , w o r k in g
d a y s , tim e , r a te , d e d u c tio n s fo r in s u r a n c e , a n d to t a l w a g e s d u e . M ay
m a k e o u t p a y c h e c k s a n d a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k in g u p a n d d is t r ib u t ­
in g p a y e n v e l o p e s . M ay u s e a c a l c u la t i n g m a c h in e .

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
P r im a r y d u t y i s t o o p e r a t e a C o m p t o m e t e r t o p e r f o r m m a t h e m a ­
t i c a l c o m p u t a t io n s . T h is jo b i s n o t to b e c o n f u s e d w ith t h a t o f s t a t i s ­
t ic a l or o th e r ty p e o f c le r k , w h ic h m a y in v o lv e fr e q u e n t u s e o f a C o m p ­
to m e te r b u t, in w h ic h , u s e o f t h is m a c h in e i s in c id e n t a l t o p e r fo r m a n c e
o f o th e r d u tie s .

CLERK, FILE
C la s s A — I n a n e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m c o n t a i n i n g a n u m ­
b er o f v a r ie d s u b j e c t m a tte r f i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s a n d in d e x e s c o r r e s ­
p o n d e n c e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l ; m a y a l is o f i l e t h i s m a t e r i a l . M a y k e e p
r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s t y p e s in c o n j u n c t io n w ith f i l e s o r m a y s u p e r ­
v i s e o th e r s in f i li n g a n d lo c a t i n g m a t e r ia l in t h e f i l e s . M a y p e r ­
fo r m i n c i d e n t a l c l e r i c a l d u t i e s .
C la s s B — P e r f o r m s r o u t i n e f i l i n g , u s u a l l y o f m a t e r i a l t h a t h a s
a lr e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f i e d or w h ic h i s e a s i l y id e n t if ia b le , o r lo c a t e s
o r a s s i s t s in l o c a t in g m a t e r ia l in f i l e s . M a y p e r fo r m in c id e n t a l
c le r ic a l d u tie s .

CLERK, ORDER
R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s 'o r d e r s fo r m a te r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e b y m a il,
p h o n e , o r p e r s o n a l l y . D u t i e s i n v o l v e a n y c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o llo w in g :
Q u o tin g p r ic e s to c u s t o m e r s ; m a k in g o u t a n o r d e r s h e e t l i s t i n g th e it e m s
to m a k e u p th e o rd er; c h e c k in g p r ic e s a n d q u a n titie s o f ite m s o n o rd e r
s h e e t; d is tr ib u tin g o rd er s h e e t s to r e s p e c t iv e d e p a r tm e n ts to b e f ill e d .
M a y c h e c k w ith c r e d it d e p a r tm e n t t o d e t e r m in e c r e d it r a t in g o f c u s t o m e r ,
a c k n o w le d g e r e c e ip t o f o r d e r s fr o m c u s t o m e r s , f o l l o w u p o r d e r s t o s e e
th a t th e y h a v e b e e n f ille d , k e e p f ile o f o rd e rs r e c e iv e d , a n d c h e c k s h ip ­
p in g i n v o i c e s w ith o r ig in a l o r d e r s .




DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n a n d w ith n o s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s i ­
b i l i t i e s , r e p r o d u c e s m u ltip le c o p ie s o f ty p e w r itte n o r h a n d w r itte n m a tte r ,
u s i n g a M im e o g r a p h o r D i t t o m a c h i n e . M a k e s n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s u c h
a s fo r in k a n d p a p e r f e e d c o u n t e r a n d c y lin d e r s p e e d . I s n o t r e q u ir e d to
p r e p a r e s t e n c il or D itto m a s te r . M ay k e e p f ile o f u s e d s t e n c il s or D itto
m a s t e r s . M a y s o r t, c o l l a t e , a n d s t a p le c o m p le te d m a te r ia l.

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n a n d w ith n o s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s i ­
b i li t i e s , r e c o r d s a c c o u n tin g a n d s t a t is t ic a l d a ta o n ta b u la tin g c a r d s b y
p u n c h in g a s e r i e s o f h o l e s in t h e c a r d s in a s p e c i f i e d s e q u e n c e , u s in g
a n a l p h a b e t i c a l o r a n u m e r ic a l k e y p u n c h m a c h in e , fo llo v ^ in g w r it t e n in ­
fo r m a tio n o n r e c o r d s . M a y d u p lic a t e c a r d s b y u s in g t h e d u p lic a t in g d e ­
v i c e a tt a c h e d t o m a c h in e . M ay k e e p f i l e s o f p u n c h c a r d s . M a y v e r if y
ow n w ork or w ork o f o th e r s.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
P e r fo r m s v a r io u s r o u tin e d u t i e s s u c h a s r u n n in g e r r a n d s , o p ­
e r a t i n g m in o r o f f i c e m a c h i n e s s u c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n i n g a n d
d i s t r i b u t i n g m a i l , a n d o t h e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k .

15

SECRETARY
P e r fo r m s s e c r e t a r ia l a n d c l e r i c a l d u t ie s fo r a s u p e r io r in a n a d ­
m in is t r a t iv e or e x e c u t i v e p o s i t i o n . D u t ie s in c lu d e m a k in g a p p o in tm e n t s
fo r s u p e r io r ; r e c e iv i n g p e o p le c o m in g in t o o f f i c e ; a n s w e r in g a n d m a k in g
p h o n e c a l l s ; h a n d l i n g p e r s o n a l a n d im p o r t a n t o r c o n f i d e n t i a l m a i l , a n d
w r itin g r o u tin e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e o n o w n in it ia t iv e ; t a k in g d ic t a t io n (w h e r e
t r a n s c r ib in g m a c h in e i s n o t u s e d ) e it h e r in s h o r t h a n d o r b y S t e n o t y p e o r
s i m i l a r m a c h i n e , a n d t r a n s c r i b i n g d i c t a t i o n o r t h e r e c o r d e d i n f o r m a t io n
r e p r o d u c e d o n a tr a n s c r ib in g m a c h in e . M ay p r e p a r e s p e c i a l r e p o r t s o r
m e m o r a n d u m s fo r in fo r m a tio n o f s u p e r io r .

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
P r im a r y d u ty i s to t a k e d i c t a t i o n fro m o n e o r m o r e p e r s o n s ,
e it h e r in s h o r th a n d or b y S t e n o ty p e o r s im ila r m a c h in e , in v o lv in g a n o r ­
m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u la r y , a n d to tr a n s c r ib e t h is d ic t a tio n o n a ty p e w r ite r .
M a y a l s o t y p e fr o m w r i t t e n c o p y . M a y a l s o s e t u p a n d k e e p f i l e s i n o r ­
d e r , k e e p s i m p l e r e c o r d s , e t c . D oes not include transcribing-m achine
work ( s e e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r ) .

STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL
P r i m a r y d u t y i s t o t a k e d i c t a t i o n fr o m o n e o r m o r e p e r s o n s
e it h e r in s h o r th a n d o r b y S t e n o t y p e o r s im ila r m a c h in e , in v o l v in g a v a r ie d
t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s in l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s o n
s c ie n t if ic r e s e a r c h a n d to tr a n s c r ib e t h is d ic ta tio n o n a ty p e w r ite r . M ay
a l s o t y p e fr o m w r i t t e n c o p y . M a y a l s o s e t u p a n d k e e p f i l e s in o r d e r ,
k e e p s i m p l e r e c o r d s , e t c . Does not include transcribing-m achine work.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
O p e r a te s a s in g le - or m u ltip le -p o s itio n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d .
D u t ie s in v o lv e h a n d lin g in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , a n d in tr a p la n t o r o f f ic e c a l l s .
M a y r e c o r d t o l l c a l l s a n d t a k e m e s s a g e s . M a y g i v e i n f o r m a t io n t o p e r ­
s o n s w h o c a l l in , or o c c a s io n a lly ta k e t e le p h o n e o r d e r s . F o r w o r k e r s
w h o a ls o a c t a s r e c e p t io n is t s s e e s w itc h b o a r d o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is t.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In a d d it io n to p e r fo r m in g d u t i e s o f o p e r a to r , o n a s i n g l e p o s i ­
tio n or m o n ito r -ty p e s w it c h b o a r d , a c t s a s r e c e p t io n is t a n d m a y a l s o t y p e
or p er fo rm r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a r t o f r e g u la r d u t i e s . T h is t y p in g
or c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y t a k e th e m a jo r p a r t o f t h is w o r k e r 's tim e w h ile a t
s w itc h b o a r d .




TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR
C lass A — O p e r a t e s a v a r i e t y o f t a b u l a t i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c ­
c o u n t in g m a c h in e s , t y p ic a lly in c lu d in g s u c h m a c h in e s a s th e ta b u ­
la to r , c a lc u la t o r , in te r p r e te r , c o lla t o r a n d o th e r s . P e r fo r m s c o m ­
p le t e r e p o r tin g a s s ig n m e n t s w ith o u t c l o s e s u p e r v is io n , a n d p e r fo r m s
d i f f i c u l t w ir in g a s r e q u ir e d . T h e c o m p le t e r e p o r tin g a n d t a b u la t in g
a s s ig n m e n t s t y p ic a lly in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lo n g a n d c o m p le x r e ­
p o r ts w h ic h o ft e n a r e o f ir r e g u la r o r n o n r e c u r r in g t y p e r e q u ir in g
s o m e p la n n in g a n d s e q u e n c in g o f s t e p s to b e ta k e n . A s a m o re
e x p e r ie n c e d o p e r a to r , i s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e d in t r a in in g n e w o p e r a ­
t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s , or p a r t ia lly t r a in e d o p e r a to r s in w ir in g
fr o m d i a g r a m s a n d o p e r a t i n g s e q u e n c e s o f l o n g a n d c o m p l e x r e p o r t s .
D oes not include w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s p e r f o r m i n g t a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e
o p e r a t i o n s and d a y - t o - d a y s u p e r v i s i o n o f t h e w o r k a n d p r o d u c t i o n o f
a g ro u p o f ta b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s .
C lass B — O p e r a t e s m o r e d i f f i c u l t t a b u l a t i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c ­
c o u n t in g m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e ta b u la to r a n d c a lc u la t o r , in a d d itio n
to th e s o r te r , r e p r o d u c e r , a n d c o lla to r . T h is w o rk i s p er fo rm ed u n d er
s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d m a y i n c l u d e t h e p e r f o r m a n c e o f s o m e w ir ­
i n g fr o m d i a g r a m s . T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e s , f o r e x a m p l e , t a b u ­
la t io n s in v o lv in g a r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n tin g e x e r c i s e , a c o m p le te b u t
s m a ll ta b u la tin g s t u d y , or p a r ts o f a lo n g e r a n d m o re c o m p le x r e p o r t.
S u c h r e p o r ts a n d s t u d i e s a r e u s u a lly o f a r e c u r r in g n a tu r e w h e r e
th e p r o c e d u r e s a r e w e ll e s t a b lis h e d . M ay a l s o in c lu d e th e tr a in in g
o f n e w e m p l o y e e s in t h e b a s i c o p e r a t i o n o f t h e m a c h i n e .
C lass C — O p e r a t e s s i m p l e t a b u l a t i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t ­
in g m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e s o r te r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n c h , c o lla t o r , e tc .,
w it h s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s . M a y i n c l u d e s i m p l e w i r i n g fr o m d i a g r a m s
a n d s o m e f ilin g w o r k . T h e w o rk t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s p o r tio n s o f a
w o r k u n it, fo r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o r t in g or c o l l a t in g r u n s , or r e ­
p e t it iv e o p e r a tio n s .

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
P r im a r y d u t y i s t o t r a n s c r i b e d i c t a t i o n i n v o l v i n g a n o r m a l r o u t i n e
v o c a b u l a r y f r o m t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e r e c o r d s . M a y a l s o t y p e fr o m w r i t t e n
c o p y a n d d o s im p le c le r ic a l w o r k . W o rk ers tr a n s c r ib in g d ic t a tio n in ­
v o lv in g a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l or s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y s u c h a s le g a l b r ie fs
or r e p o r ts on s c ie n t if ic r e s e a r c h a re n o t in c lu d e d . A w o rk er w h o ta k e s
d i c t a t i o n in s h o r t h a n d o r b y S t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h i n e i s c l a s s i f i e d
a s a s te n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l.

16

TYPIST

TYPIST—-Continued

U s e s a ty p e w r ite r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a te r ia l o r to m a k e
o u t b ills a fte r c a lc u la t io n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o th e r p e r s o n . M ay in ­
c lu d e ty p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a ts , o r s im ila r m a te r ia ls fo r u s e in d u p lic a t ­
in g p r o c e s s e s . M ay d o c le r ic a l w o r k in v o lv in g l i t t l e s p e c i a l tr a in in g ,
s u c h a s k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , f ilin g r e c o r d s a n d r e p o r ts , o r s o r tin g
a n d d is tr ib u tin g in c o m in g m a il.

tu a tio n , e t c ., o f t e c h n ic a l o r u n u s u a l w o r d s or fo r e ig n la n g u a g e m a ­
t e r ia l; p la n n in g la y o u t a n d ty p in g o f c o m p lic a te d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b le s
t o m a i n t a i n u n if o r m i t y a n d b a l a n c e i n s p a c i n g . M a y t y p e r o u t i n e
fo rm le t t e r s v a r y in g d e t a i l s t o s u it c ir c u m s t a n c e s .
C la s s B — - P e r f o r m s o n e o r m ore o f th e f o llo w in g : C o p y t y p i n g
fr o m r o u g h o r c l e a r d r a f t s ; r o u t i n e t y p i n g o f f o r m s , i n s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s ,
e t c .; s e t t in g u p s im p le sta n d a r d t a b u la tio n s , or c o p y in g m ore c o m ­
p le x t a b le s a lr e a d y s e t u p a n d s p a c e d p r o p e r ly .

C la s s A —

P e r f o r m s o n e o r m ore o f th e f o llo w in g : T y p i n g m a ­
t e r ia l in f in a l fo r m w h e n i t i n v o l v e s c o m b in in g m a t e r ia l fro m s e v e r a l
s o u r c e s or r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e l l i n g , s y l l a b i c a t i o n , p u n c P R O F E S S IO N A L

DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR
( A s s is ta n t d ra ftsm a n )

AND

T E C H N IC A L

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued

D r a w s to s c a l e u n its or p a r ts o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y d r a f t s ­
m a n or o th e r s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , or m a n u fa c tu r in g p u r p o s e s .
U s e s v a r io u s t y p e s o f d r a ftin g t o o l s a s r e q u ir e d . M ay p r e p a r e d r a w in g s
fr o m s i m p l e p l a n s o r s k e t c h e s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r d u t i e s u n d e r d i r e c t i o n
o f a d ra ftsm a n .

in v o lv e d in s t r e n g t h o f m a t e r ia ls , b e a m s a n d t r u s s e s ; v e r if y in g c o m ­
p le t e d w o rk , c h e c k in g d im e n s io n s , m a te r ia ls to b e u s e d , a n d q u a n t itie s ;
w r it in g s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; m a k in g a d j u s t m e n t s or c h a n g e s in d r a w in g s or
s p e c i f i c a t i o n s . M a y in k in l i n e s a n d l e t t e r s o n p e n c i l d r a w in g s , p r e p a r e
d e t a il u n it s o f c o m p le t e d r a w in g s , o r t r a c e d r a w in g s . W ork i s f r e q u e n t ly
in a s p e c i a l i z e d f i e l d s u c h a s a r c h it e c t u r a l, e l e c t r i c a l , m e c h a n ic a l, or
s t r u c tu r a l d r a ftin g .

DRAFTSMAN, LEADER

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

P la n s a n d d ir e c t s a c t i v i t i e s o f o n e or m o re d r a fts m e n in p r e p ­
a r a t i o n o f w o r k i n g p l a n s a n d d e t a i l d r a w i n g s fr o m r o u g h o r p r e l i m i n a r y
s k e t c h e s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , o r m a n u fa c tu r in g p u r p o s e s . D u t ie s
i n v o l v e a c o m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : I n t e r p r e t i n g b l u e p r i n t s , s k e t c h e s ,
a n d w r itte n or v e r b a l o r d e r s ; d e t e r m in in g w o r k p r o c e d u r e s ; a s s i g n i n g
d u t ie s to s u b o r d in a t e s a n d i n s p e c t i n g t h e ir v o r k ; p e r fo r m in g m o r e d if ­
f i c u l t p r o b l e m s . M a y a s s i s t s u b o r d i n a t e s d u ’i n g e m e r g e n c i e s o r a s a
r e g u la r a s s ig n m e n t , o r p e r fo r m r e la t e d d u t ie s o f a s u p e r v is o r y or a d ­
m in is tr a tiv e n a tu r e .

A r e g is t e r e d n u r s e w h o g i v e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e to i l l or in ju r e d
e m p lo y e e s or o th e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l or s u ffe r a n a c c id e n t o n th e
p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . D u t i e s i n v o l v e a c o m b in e r
tio n o f th e f o llo w in g : G i v i n g f i r s t a i d t o t h e i l l o r i n j u r e d ; a t t e n d i n g t o
s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s * in ju r ie s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a t ie n t s
t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c i d e n t r e p o r ts fo r c o m p e n s a t io n o r o th e r p u r p o s e s ;
c o n d u c tin g p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s a n d h e a lth e v a lu a t io n s o f a p p lic a n t s
a n d e m p lo y e e s ; a n d p la n n in g a n d c a r r y in g o u t p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h e a lt h
e d u c a tio n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n tio n , e v a lu a t io n o f p la n t e n v ir o n m e n t, or o th e r
a c t iv it ie s a ffe c tin g th e h e a lth , w e lfa r e , a n d s a fe ty o f a ll p e r s o n n e l.

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR
P r e p a r e s w o r k in g p l a n s a n d d e t a i l d r a w in g s fro m n o t e s , r o u g h
or d e t a ile d s k e t c h e s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , o r m a n u fa c tu r in g p u r­
p o s e s . D u t i e s i n v o l v e a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o llo w in g : P r e p a r i n g w o r k ­
in g p la n s , d e t a il d r a w in g s , m a p s , c r o s s - s e c t io n s , e t c ., to s c a l e b y u s e
o f d r a ftin g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g e n g in e e r in g c o m p u t a t io n s s u c h a s t h o s e




TRACER
C o p ie s p la n s a n d d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o th e r s , b y p la c in g tr a c ­
i n g c l o t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w i n g a n d t r a c i n g w it h p e n o r p e n c i l . U s e s
T - s q u a r e , c o m p a s s , a n d o th e r d r a ftin g t o o l s . M a y p r e p a r e s im p le d r a w ­
in g s a n d d o s im p le le tte r in g .

17

MAINTENANCE

D POW ERPLANT

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER

P e r fo r m s th e c a r p e n tr y d u t ie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t a n d m a in ­
ta in in g o o d r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o r k a n d e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s b in s , c r ib s ,
c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , a n d t r im
m a d e o f w o o d i n a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o rk i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g :
P l a n n i n g a n d l a y i n g o u t o f w o r k fr o m b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , m o d e l s , o r
v e r b a l in s t r u c t io n s ; u s in g a v a r ie ty o f c a r p e n te r ’s h a n d t o o ls , p o r ta b le
p o w e r t o o l s , a n d s ta n d a r d m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p
c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; s e l e c t i n g m a t e r ia ls n e c ­
e s s a r y fo r t h e w o r k . In g e n e r a l, t h e w o r k o f t h e m a in t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r
r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a fo r ­
m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e .

F ir e s s t a t io n a r y b o ile r s t o fu r n is h th e e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h
e m p lo y e d w it h h e a t , p o w e r , or s t e a m . F e e d s f u e l s to f ir e b y h a n d or
o p e r a te s a m e c h a n ic a l s to k e r , g a s , or o il b u rn er; c h e c k s w a te r a n d s a fe t y
v a l v e s . M a y c l e a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o ile r r o o m e q u ip m e n t.

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
P e r fo r m s a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l tra d e fu n c tio n s s u c h a s th e
i n s t a l l a t i o n , m a in t e n a n c e , or r e p a ir o f e q u ip m e n t fo r th e g e n e r a t in g , d i s ­
t r ib u t io n , o r u t il i z a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in a n e s t a b l is h m e n t . W ork
i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : I n s t a l l i n g o r r e p a i r i n g a n y o f a v a r i e t y
o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s fo r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s ,
c o n tr o lle r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o to r s, h e a tin g u n it s , c o n d u it s y s t e m s ,
o r o th e r t r a n s m i s s io n e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g fro m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , l a y ­
o u t , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; l o c a t i n g a n d d i a g n o s i n g t r o u b l e in t h e e l e c ­
t r ic a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g s ta n d a r d c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to
lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f w ir in g or e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f
e l e c t r i c i a n ’ s h a n d t o o ls a n d m e a s u r in g a n d t e s t i n g in s t r u m e n t s . In g e n ­
e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e e l e c t r ic ia n r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g
a n d e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip or
e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e .

ENGINEER, STATIONARY
O p e r a te s a n d m a in ta in s a n d m a y a l s o s u p e r v is e th e o p e r a tio n
o f s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s a n d e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l or e l e c t r i c a l ) to s u p ­
p ly th e e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w it h p o w e r , h e a t , r e f r ig e r a ­
t i o n , o r a i r - c o n d i t i o n i n g . W o rk i n v o l v e s : O p e r a t i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g
e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s s t e a m e n g i n e s , a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o to r s
tu r b in e s , v e n t ila t in g a n d r e fr ig e r a tin g e q u ip m e n t, s te a m b o ile r s a n d
b o ile r - f e d w a te r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a ir s ; k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f
o p e r a t i o n o f m a c h i n e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , a n d f u e l c o n s u m p t i o n . M a y a ls o
s u p e r v i s e t h e s e o p e r a t i o n s . H e a d o r c h i e f e n g in e e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts
e m p lo y in g m ore th a n o n e e n g in e e r a re e x c lu d e d .




HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE
A s s i s t s o n e or m o r e w o r k e r s

in th e s k ille d m a in te n a n c e tr a d e s ,
b y p e r fo r m in g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u t ie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h a s k e e p in g
a w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia ls a n d t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a ­
c h in e , a n d e q u ip m e n t; a s s i s t i n g w o r k e r b y h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls or t o o ls ;
p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k i l l e d t a s k s a s d i r e c t e d b y j o u r n e y m a n . T h e k in d o f
w o r k t h e h e l p e r i s p e r m it t e d t o p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e t o t r a d e : In
s o m e tr a d e s th e h e lp e r i s c o n fin e d to s u p p ly in g , lif t in g , a n d h o ld in g m a ­
t e r i a ls a n d t o o l s a n d c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; a n d in o t h e r s h e i s p e r ­
m itte d t o p e r fo r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s , o r p a r ts o f a tr a d e
th a t a r e a l s o p er fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s o n a fu ll-tim e b a s i s .

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
S p e c i a l i z e s in th e o p e r a tio n o f o n e o r m o r e t y p e s o f m a c h in e
t o o ls , s u c h a s jig b o r e r s , c y lin d r ic a l or s u r fa c e g r in d e r s , e n g in e la t h e s ,
o r m illin g m a c h in e s in th e c o n s t r u c t io n o f m a c h in e - s h o p t o o l s , g a u g e s ,
j i g s , f i x t u r e s , o r d i e s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P l a n n i n g
a n d p e r fo r m in g d i f f i c u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s ; p r o c e s s i n g it e m s r e q u ir in g
c o m p lic a t e d s e t u p s or a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u s in g a v a r ie ty o f p r e ­
c is io n m e a s u r in g in s tr u m e n ts ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o lin g a n d o p ­
e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s d u r in g o p e r a t i o n t o
a c h ie v e r e q u is it e t o le r a n c e s or d im e n s io n s . M a y b e r e q u ir e d to r e c o g ­
n iz e w h en to o ls n e e d d r e s s in g , to d r e s s t o o ls , a n d to s e le c t p rop er
c o o la n t s a n d c u ttin g a n d lu b r ic a tin g o i l s . F o r c r o s s -in d u s tr y w a g e s tu d y
p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e - to o l o p e r a to r s , to o lr o o m , in t o o l a n d d ie jo b b in g s h o p s
a r e e x c l u d e d fr o m t h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s a n d n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a ir s o f
m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a te d in a n e s t a b l is h m e n t . W ork
i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : I n t e r p r e t i n g w r i t t e n i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d
s p e c if ic a t io n s ; p la n n in g a n d la y in g o u t o f w o r k ; u s in g a v a r ie ty o f m a ­
c h i n i s t ’s h a n d to o ls a n d p r e c is io n m e a s u r in g in s tr u m e n ts ; s e t t in g u p a n d

18

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued
operating standard m achine tools; shaping of m etal parts to clo se toler*
ances; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of work,
tooling, feeds and speeds of m achining; knowledge of the working properties of the common m etals; selectin g standard m aterials, p arts, and
equipment required for his work; fitting and assem bling parts into me­
chanical equipm ent. In general, the m achinist’s work normally requires
a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a
formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
R epairs autom obiles, b u ses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an e s ­
tablishm ent. Work involves most of the following: Exam ining autom otive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipm ent and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as w renches,
gauges, d rills, or sp ecialized equipm ent in disassem bling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassem bling and installin g the various assem blies in the vehicle
and making n ecessary adjustm ents; alining w heels, adjusting brakes and
lights, or tightening body b o lts. In general, the work of the autom otive
m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
R epairs machinery or m echanical equipm ent of an establishm ent.
Work involves most of the following: Examining m achines and m echan­
ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dism antling or partly d is ­
m antling m achines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of
handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective
parts with item s obtained from stock; ordering the production of a rep lace­
ment part by a m achine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop
for major repairs; preparing w ritten sp ecificatio n s for major repairs or
for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling ma­
chines; and making all n ecessary adjustm ents for operation. In general,
the work of a m aintenance m echanic requires rounded training and ex­
perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. E xcluded from this classificatio n are w orkers
whose primary duties involve settin g up or adjusting m achines.

MILLWRIGHT
In stalls new m achines or heavy equipm ent and dism antles and
in sta lls m achines or heavy equipm ent when changes in the plant layout




MILLWRIGHT— Continued

are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying
out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other sp ecificatio n s; using a
variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations re­
latin g to stre s se s , strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining
and balancing of equipm ent; selectin g standard too ls, equipm ent, and parts
to be used; in stallin g and m aintaining in good order power transm ission
equipm ent such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m ill­
w right’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the
trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.

OILER
L u bricates, with oil or g rease, the moving parts or w earing sur­
faces of m echanical equipm ent of an establishm ent.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
P ain ts and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es­
tablishm ent. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu­
lia ritie s and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old fin ish or by placing putty or filler in
n ail holes and in terstices; applying p aint with spray gun or brush. May
mix colors, o ils, w hite lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper
color or co n sisten cy . In general, the work of the m aintenance painter
requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for­
mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
In stalls or repairs w ater, steam , g as, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishm ent. Work involves most of the following:
L aying out of work and m easuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings
or other w ritten sp ecificatio n s; cutting various siz e s of pipe to correct
lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma­
chine; threading pipe with sto ck s and d ie s; bending pipe by hand-driven
or power-driven m achines; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening
pipe to hangers; making standard shop com putations relating to p ressu res,
flow , and size of pipe required; making standard te s ts to determ ine
w hether finished pipes meet sp ecificatio n s. In general, the work of the
m aintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex­
perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building
sanitation or heating systems are excluded.

19

TOOL AND DIE MAKER

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding in stallatio n of
vents and traps in plumbing system ; installin g or repairing pipes and
fixtures; opening clogged drains w ith a plunger or plumber’s snake. In
general, the work of the m aintenance plumber requires rounded training
and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv­
alen t training and experience.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
F a b rica tes, in sta lls, and m aintains in good repair the sheetm etal equipm ent and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
sh elv es, lockers, tanks, ventilators, ch u tes, du cts, m etal roofing) of an
establishm ent. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay­
ing out a ll types of sheet-m etal m aintenance work from blueprints, m odels,
or other sp ecificatio n s; setting up and operating all available types of
sheet-m etal-w orking m achines; using a variety of handtools in cutting,
bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; in stallin g sh eetm etal articles as required. In general, the work of the m aintenance
sheet-m etal worker requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.

(D iem aker; jig maker; toolm aker; fixture maker; gauge maker)
C onstructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fix­
tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work
involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from
m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and w ritten sp ecificatio n s;
using a variety of tool and die maker’s handtools and precision m eas­
uring instrum ents, understanding of the working properties of common
m etals and alloys; settin g up and operating of machine tools and related
equipm ent; making n ecessary shop com putations relating to dim ensions
of work, sp eed s, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heattreating of metal
parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve
required q u alitie s; working to clo se tolerances; fitting and assem bling
of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selectin g appropriate
m aterials, tools, and p ro cesses. In general, the tool and die maker’s
work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice
usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers
in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classificatio n .

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT

ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued

T ransports passengers betw een floors of an office building,
apartm ent house, departm ent store, hotel or sim ilar estab lish m en t.
Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as
those of starters and janitors are excluded.

or other establishm ent. D uties involve a combination of the following:
Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polish­
ing m etal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor m ainte­
nance serv ices; cleaning lavatories, show ers, and restroom s. Workers
who sp ecialize in window w ashing are excluded.

GUARD

Perform s routine police d u ties, either a t fixed post or on tour,
m aintaining order, using arms or force where n ecessary . Includes gate-

men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and
other persons entering.
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
(Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress)
C leans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or prem ises of an office, apartm ent house, or comm ercial




LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(L oader and unloader; handler and stack er; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehousem an or w arehouse helper)
A worker employed in a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, store,
or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or more o f the follow­
ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or

20

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued
from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d ev ices; unpacking, shelv­
ing, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; tran s­
porting m aterials or m erchandise by hand truck, car, or w heelbarrow.

Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; w arehouse stockm an)

F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
m erchandise in accordance with sp ecificatio n s on sa le s slip s, customers*
orders, or other instru ctio n s. May, in addition to filling orders and indi­
cating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, req u isi­
tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform
other related duties.

PACKER, SHIPPING
P repares finished products for shipm ent or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, siz e, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container em ployed, and method of shipm ent. Work requires the
placing of item s in shipping containers and may involve one or more of
the following: Knowledge of various item s of stock in order to verify
content; selectio n of appropriate type and size of container; inserting
enclosures in container; using ex celsior or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or dam age; closing and sealing container; applying lab els or
entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden

boxes or crates cure excluded.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P repares m erchandise for shipm ent, or receiv es and is respon­
sible for incom ing shipm ents of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping
work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, p ractices, routes,
available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the
goods shipped, making up b ills of lading, posting w eight and shipping
charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a s s is t in
preparing the m erchandise for shipm ent. Receiving work involves: V eri­
fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipm ents ag ain st
b ills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and
rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper de­
partm ents; m aintaining necessary records and file s.




SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follow s:

Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
D rives a truck within a city or in d u strial area to transport ma­
terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or men betw een various types of e sta b ­
lishm ents such a s: M anufacturing p lants, freight depots, w arehouses,
w holesale and re ta il estab lish m en ts, or betw een retail establishm ents
and custom ers’ houses or places of b u sin ess. May also load or unload
truck with or w ithout helpers, make minor m echanical repairs, and keep
truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers

are excluded.

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size
and type of equipm ent, as follow s: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on
the b asis of trailer capacity.)

Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under l l/2 tons)
Truckdriver, medium (1Vi to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
O perates a manually controlled gaso lin e- or electric-pow ered
truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a
w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent.
For wage study purposes, workers are c lassified by type of
truck, as follow s:

Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
WATCHMAN
M akes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property
ag ain st fire, theft, and illeg al entry.
☆ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : I960 O - 561991

Occupational Wage Surveys
O ccupational w age surveys are being conducted in 60 major labor markets during late 1959 and early i 960 . T h ese b u lletin s, when a v a ila b le,
may be purchased from the Superintendent of D ocum ents, U .S. Government Printing O ffice, W ashington 25, D .C ., or from any of the BLS region al
s a le s o ffic e s shown on the in sid e front cover.
A summary b u lletin containing data for a ll labor m arkets, com bined with addition al a n a ly sis, w ill be issu e d early in 1961.
B u lletin s for the areas liste d below are now a v a ila b le.
Albany—S ch enectady—Troy, N .Y ., March i 960 —
BLS B ull. 1265-40, price 25 cen ts
A llentow n—B ethlehem —E aston , P a .—N .J ., March i 960 —
BLS B u ll. 1265-33, price 25 cen ts
Baltim ore, Md., Septem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-7, price 15 cen ts
Birmingham, A la ., March I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-37, price 25 cen ts
B oston , M ass., October 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-8, price 25 cen ts

Miami, F la ., D ecem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-6, price 20 cen ts
M ilwaukee, W is., April I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-43, price 25 cen ts
M inneapolis—St. P au l, M inn., January I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-21,
price 25 cen ts
Newark and Jersey C ity, N .J ., February I960— BLS B u ll. 1265-28,
price 25 cen ts
New H aven, C onn., February I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-41, price 25 cen ts

B uffalo, N .Y ., O ctober 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-4, price 20 cen ts
Canton, Ohio, D ecem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-10, price 25 cen ts
C harlotte, N .C ., April I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-39, price 20 cen ts
C hicago, 111., April I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-45, price 25 cen ts
C incinnati, O hio—K y., February I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-31,
price 25 cen ts
C levelan d , Ohio, Septem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-1, price 20 cen ts

N ew O rleans, L a ., February I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-32, price 25 cen ts
New York, N .Y ., April I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-44, price 25 cen ts
P hiladelphia, P a ., Novem ber 1959— BLS B u ll. 1265-16, price 25 cen ts
P hoenix, A riz., April I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-42, price 25 cen ts
Pittsburgh, P a ., Decem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-20, price 25 cen ts
Portland, M aine, Novem ber 1959— BLS B u ll. 1265-12, price 20 cen ts
P rovid ence, R .I.—M ass., March I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-34, price 25 cen ts

D a lla s, T ex ., O ctober 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-3, price 20 cen ts
Dayton, Ohio, Decem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-9, price 25 cen ts
Denver, C olo., Decem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-11, price 25 cen ts
D es M oines, Iowa, February I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-30, price 25 cen ts
D etroit, M ich., January I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-25, price 20 cen ts
Fort Worth, T ex ., Novem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-13, price 25 cen ts
Indianap olis, Ind., January i 960 — BLS B ull. 1265-22, price 25 cen ts

Richmond, V a., February I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-24, price 25 cen ts
St. L ou is, Mo., O ctober 1959— BLS B u ll. 1265-5, price 25 cen ts
San Bernardino—R iv ersid e—Ontario, C a lif., Novem ber 1959—
BLS B ull. 1265-15, price 25 cen ts
San F ra n cisco —Oakland, C a lif., January I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-17,
price 25 cen ts
S ea ttle, W ash., A ugust 1959— BLS B u ll. 1265-2, price 25 cen ts

Jack son , M iss., February I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-26, price 25 cen ts
Ja ck so n v ille, F la ., D ecem ber 1959— BLS B ull. 1265-14,
price 25 cen ts
K ansas C ity, Mo.—K an s., January I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-23,
price 25 cen ts
L os A n g eles—Long B each , C a lif., April I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-35,
price 25 cen ts
M emphis, T enn., January I9 6 0 — BLS B ull. 1265-19, price 25 cen ts

Sioux F a lls , S. D ak., February i 960 — BLS B u ll. 1265-29,
price 20 cen ts
South Bend, Ind., April I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-38, price 25 cen ts
W ashington, D .C .—Md.—V a., Decem ber 1959— BLS B u ll. 1265-18,
price 25 cen ts
Waterbury, C onn., March i 960 — BLS B u ll. 1265-36, price 25 cen ts
York, P a ., February I9 6 0 — BLS B u ll. 1265-27, price 25 cen ts