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Cleveland-Akron, OH National Compensation Survey February 1998 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. Department of Labor Alexis M. Herman, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner Revised March 1999 Bulletin 3090-47 The Bureau of Labor Statistics has identified data errors in the National Compensation Survey bulletin previously published for this area. This revised bulletin presents the corrected data. Preface T For additional information regarding this survey, please contact the BLS Chicago Regional Office at (312) 3531880. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175, Washington, DC 20212-0001, or call (202) 606-6220, or send e-mail to ocltinfo@bls.gov. The data contained in this bulletin are also available at the BLS Internet site (http://stats.bls.gov/comhome.htm). Data are in three formats: an ASCII file containing the published table formats; an ASCII file containing positional columns of data for manipulation as a data base or spreadsheet; and a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the entire bulletin. Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 606-7828; TDD phone: (202) 606-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577. his bulletin provides results of a February 1998 survey of occupational pay in the Cleveland-Akron, OH, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). Data shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new program known as the National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private firms and government jurisdictions that provided pay data included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation. Survey data were collected and reviewed by Bureau of Labor Statistics field economists under the direction of Greg Philipaitis, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations of the Chicago Regional Office. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and analyzed the survey results. iii Contents Page Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ Wages in the Cleveland-Akron, OH, CMSA.............................................................................................. 1 2 Tables: A-1. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, all industries ........................................... A-2. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, private industry and State and local government........................................................................................................... A-3. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers, all industries ................................................................................................................................. A-4. Weekly and annual earnings and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only, all industries ............................................................................................ B-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and levels, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................ B-2. Mean hourly earnings for selected occupations and levels, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................ C-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries ................................................................................................................................. C-2. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers ......................................................................................................... C-3. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and establishment employment size, private industry, all workers ......................................................................................................... C-4. Number of workers represented by occupational group ............................................................... 4 8 12 16 19 23 29 30 31 32 Appendix A: Technical Note ..................................................................................................................................... Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied and represented............................................ Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors...................................................................................... Appendix table 3. Average work levels ........................................................................................... v 33 37 38 42 Introduction T broader coverage of occupations and establishments within the survey area. Occupations surveyed for this bulletin were selected using probability techniques from a list of all those present in each establishment. Previous OCS bulletins were limited to a preselected list of occupations, which represented a small subset of all occupations in the economy. Information in the new bulletin is published for a variety of occupation-based data. This new approach includes data on broad occupational classifications such as white-collar workers, major occupational groups such as sales workers, and individual occupations such as cashiers. In tables containing work levels within occupational series, the work levels are derived from generic standards that apply to all occupational groups. The job levels in the OCS bulletins were based on narrowly-defined descriptions that were not comparable across specific occupations. Occupational data in this bulletin are also tabulated for other classifications such as industry group, full-time versus part-time workers, union versus nonunion status, time versus incentive status, and establishment employment size. Not all of these series were generated by the OCS program. The establishments surveyed for this bulletin were limited to those with 50 or more employees. Eventually, NCS will be expanded to cover those now-excluded establishments. Then, virtually all workers in the civilian economy will be surveyed, excluding only agriculture, private households, and employees of the Federal Government. his survey of occupational pay was conducted in the Cleveland-Akron, OH, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). The CMSA includes Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina, Portage, and Summit Counties, OH. This bulletin consists primarily of tables whose data are analyzed in the initial textual section. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations and at a wide range of work levels. Also contained in this bulletin is information on the program, a technical note describing survey procedures, and several appendixes with detailed information on occupational classifications and the generic leveling methodology. NCS design and products The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new National Compensation Survey (NCS) is designed to provide data on the levels and rates of change of occupational wages and employee benefits for localities, broad geographic regions, and the nation as a whole. One output of the NCS will be the Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the change in employer costs for wages and benefits. This bulletin is limited to data on wages and salaries. These data are similar to those released under the Occupational Compensation Survey (OCS), which has been discontinued. NCS more extensive than OCS The wage data in this bulletin differ from those in previous Occupational Compensation Surveys by providing 1 Wages in the Cleveland-Akron, OH Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area S veyed State and local government workers averaged $18.71. Table A-2 reports the average hourly rate for white-collar occupations as $18.31 in private industry and $21.48 in State and local government. Blue-collar occupations showed an average hourly rate of $13.11 in private industry and $15.02 in State and local government. Service occupations within private industry averaged $7.78 per hour while those found in State and local government averaged $13.61. traight-time wages in the Cleveland-Akron, OH, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area averaged $15.80 per hour during February 1998. White-collar workers had an average wage of $18.96 per hour. Blue-collar workers averaged $13.26 per hour, while service workers had average earnings of $9.53 per hour. (All comparisons in this analysis cover hourly rates for both full- and parttime workers, unless otherwise noted.) Chart 1. Average hourly wage rates by occupational group, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Chart 2. Average hourly rates for private industry and State and local government, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Dollars per hour $ 20 Dollars per hour $ 25 15 20 15 10 10 5 5 0 Whitecollar Bluecollar 0 Service workers White-collar Private industry Within each of these occupational groups, average hourly wages for individual occupations varied. For example, white-collar occupations included registered nurses at $19.83 per hour, secretaries at $13.00, and general office clerks at $10.89. Among occupations in the blue-collar category, truck drivers averaged $15.96 per hour while stock handlers and baggers averaged $8.55. Finally, service occupations included nursing aides, orderlies and attendants at $8.23 per hour and maids and housemen at $7.15. Table A-1 presents earnings data for 142 detailed occupations; data for other detailed occupations surveyed could not be reported separately due to concerns about the confidentiality of survey respondents and the reliability of the data. Survey results show that private industry workers in Cleveland-Akron, OH earned $15.17 per hour, while sur- Blue-collar Service State and local government Table A-3 presents data for workers considered by the survey respondents to be either full-time or part-time. Average wages for full-time workers, all occupations, were $16.76 per hour, compared with an average of $8.83 per hour for part-time workers. Data for specific work levels within major occupational groups are reported in table B-1. Occasionally, wage estimates for lower levels of work within major occupational groups are greater than estimates for higher levels. This can occur due to the mix of specific occupations (and industries) represented by the broad group as well as by the variability of the estimate. Some levels within a group may not be published because no workers were identified at that 2 hourly wages averaged $17.00 in all goods-producing industries; $16.92 in manufacturing. In service producing industries, hourly wages averaged $14.38 in services. Data for other industry divisions did not meet publication criteria. Table C-4 reports that a total of 874,466 workers were represented by the Cleveland-Akron, OH survey. Whitecollar occupations included 472,249 workers, or 54 percent, blue-collar occupations included 263,742 workers, or 30 percent; and service occupations included 138,475 workers, or 16 percent. level or because there were not enough data to guarantee confidentiality and reliability. Work levels for all major groups span several levels, with professional specialty occupations and executive, administrative, and managerial occupations typically starting and ending at higher work levels than the other groups. Published data for administrative support occupations, including clerical, ranged from level 1 to level 9. As illustrated in Chart 3, the average hourly rate was $7.69 for level 1, $9.85 for level 3, $13.20 for level 5, and $16.35 for level 7. Chart 4. Distribution of workers represented by occupational group, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Chart 3. Average hourly rates by work level for administrative support occupations, including clerical, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Percent 60 Dollars per hour $20 50 15 40 10 30 20 5 10 0 1 3 5 0 7 Level Surveyed union workers had an average hourly rate of $16.83, as reported in table C-1. Wages for nonunion workers averaged $15.42. Time workers, whose wages were based solely on an hourly rate or a salary, averaged $15.61 per hour. Incentive workers, whose wages were at least partially based on productivity payments, averaged $19.63 per hour. Table C-2 shows wage data for specific industry divisions within private industry. In the private sector, Whitecollar Bluecollar Service workers Data are also presented in appendix table 1 on the number of establishments studied by industry group and employment size. The relative standard errors of published mean hourly earnings for all industries, private industry, and State and local government are available in appendix table 2. The average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations are presented in appendix table 3. 3 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 All occupations ....................................................................... $15.80 All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 15.91 $6.75 7.00 25 Median 50 $9.25 $13.53 9.50 13.70 75 90 $19.54 19.67 $27.00 27.04 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 18.96 19.56 8.00 8.95 11.19 11.88 16.00 16.73 23.05 23.56 33.65 34.11 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Dietitians ............................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Substitute teachers ............................................... Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Other financial officers .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... 22.24 23.91 27.26 29.49 24.65 24.09 27.70 27.47 27.74 28.73 21.17 36.42 19.83 15.25 17.03 26.64 34.84 26.07 15.15 29.42 30.23 25.72 26.65 10.45 21.08 21.11 21.16 27.04 15.88 15.87 – 12.11 13.46 19.73 24.00 19.81 20.32 18.91 19.76 20.94 16.98 15.75 16.94 15.81 11.00 14.47 20.68 20.08 11.50 6.50 16.06 17.71 18.30 15.74 6.67 13.64 12.82 12.82 19.92 11.12 11.12 – 15.57 17.75 22.12 24.46 20.70 20.67 22.12 23.88 23.88 18.60 17.75 16.94 17.94 11.00 16.00 22.94 25.92 18.38 7.00 21.81 23.62 20.53 19.04 8.57 14.01 14.21 14.00 22.56 12.02 12.05 – 20.22 21.76 26.44 27.41 23.82 23.22 26.44 26.71 27.01 23.09 20.10 20.10 20.00 15.61 17.50 25.38 32.22 26.32 8.57 32.02 32.43 25.91 26.07 11.43 18.47 19.75 19.80 24.68 14.63 14.63 – 26.81 29.10 30.75 30.83 26.70 26.50 32.02 31.25 31.25 40.43 21.76 57.69 21.49 17.30 18.00 28.00 42.63 34.29 21.43 35.96 36.95 31.93 33.33 12.75 24.64 25.24 25.24 30.65 18.50 18.50 – 34.88 35.94 35.37 44.23 31.96 28.85 35.74 35.36 35.61 46.06 25.40 78.80 22.87 18.45 18.46 33.33 48.82 39.24 35.84 40.14 40.14 34.58 39.94 12.75 35.96 35.94 35.94 37.12 23.79 23.79 – 17.38 18.96 21.51 15.41 16.67 16.58 13.58 14.92 17.94 12.77 14.23 19.12 16.58 27.54 31.41 23.90 31.64 11.54 13.44 11.28 9.99 10.75 11.33 11.86 8.50 11.90 8.00 10.40 12.40 10.91 14.43 15.83 11.67 17.70 13.09 15.70 14.87 12.81 12.50 14.17 12.50 11.08 14.37 9.50 11.64 15.47 13.00 17.10 20.20 17.38 21.34 15.70 18.80 20.88 14.94 15.15 16.73 13.31 14.38 18.19 11.85 13.11 17.16 15.93 22.84 27.96 20.65 27.35 19.89 21.00 26.92 16.83 18.66 19.76 14.33 16.99 21.98 14.91 17.00 25.00 18.66 33.81 37.13 34.62 38.22 26.76 23.63 37.26 18.39 21.98 21.10 15.84 19.81 21.98 19.62 20.25 25.00 23.31 44.83 49.59 34.62 49.18 35.13 35.00 30.68 16.47 32.90 20.07 21.35 22.77 16.05 20.09 20.19 10.71 16.81 13.46 13.94 12.98 20.44 31.25 20.19 10.77 21.41 15.53 15.91 15.38 33.03 37.13 25.25 11.56 28.09 17.74 18.27 17.79 36.76 38.69 34.41 17.81 37.02 22.60 24.52 27.44 59.81 47.01 65.00 21.55 55.24 28.85 29.88 33.81 17.86 14.42 15.82 17.08 19.24 22.76 See footnotes at end of table. 4 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Management related occupations (-Continued) Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ $20.69 $15.27 $15.38 $19.90 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ 18.58 13.95 15.87 17.26 Sales occupations ............................................................ 14.06 5.50 6.29 10.45 Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ 16.99 9.20 10.85 15.00 Advertising and related sales occupations ........... 13.72 5.57 13.22 13.75 Sales occupations, other business services ......... 19.22 6.75 10.03 17.73 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. 31.19 15.39 18.17 26.44 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ............. 15.80 7.99 11.54 14.30 Sales workers, other commodities ........................ 9.80 5.20 5.84 7.29 Cashiers ............................................................... 7.94 5.25 5.50 6.00 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... 11.56 7.25 9.00 11.00 Supervisors, general office ................................... 16.05 10.57 12.04 15.10 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... 16.89 9.75 11.63 16.03 Computer operators .............................................. 13.47 10.00 11.83 14.42 Secretaries ........................................................... 13.00 9.50 10.96 12.77 Receptionists ........................................................ 9.83 7.69 8.41 9.86 Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... 10.10 8.07 8.07 8.11 Order clerks .......................................................... 11.60 6.35 9.00 11.50 Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... 14.09 9.00 10.00 14.02 Library clerks ........................................................ 9.05 5.50 6.87 9.00 Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... 10.55 7.26 8.50 10.79 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... 11.17 8.50 9.19 10.61 Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. 13.40 9.50 10.92 13.08 Billing clerks .......................................................... 10.07 7.39 8.15 9.62 Telephone operators ............................................ 9.20 7.50 8.26 9.84 Mail clerks except postal service .......................... 7.71 6.24 6.50 7.68 Dispatchers ........................................................... 9.44 5.80 6.55 8.18 Production coordinators ........................................ 16.69 13.85 14.79 16.92 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... 12.03 8.50 9.10 11.45 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. 12.64 9.83 10.47 12.35 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... 12.08 8.00 9.00 12.14 Bill and account collectors .................................... 11.23 9.38 9.61 11.09 General office clerks ............................................. 10.89 7.20 8.45 10.18 Bank tellers ........................................................... 8.76 7.05 7.84 8.50 Data entry keyers ................................................. 9.87 7.50 8.05 8.79 Teachers’ aides .................................................... 11.85 7.15 8.82 10.38 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... 12.29 8.41 9.93 12.61 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Machinery maintenance occupations ................... Millwrights ............................................................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Supervisors, construction trades, N.E.C. .............. Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Tool and die makers ............................................. Precision assemblers, metal ................................. Machinists ............................................................. Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ............. Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Lathe and turning machine operators ................... See footnotes at end of table. 5 13.26 16.80 15.84 16.88 17.35 11.21 21.63 16.33 24.41 18.98 20.42 17.90 14.61 17.99 19.03 12.26 14.89 15.53 16.09 12.27 14.59 7.00 10.55 13.50 12.02 11.16 8.50 17.25 10.50 14.31 10.62 15.69 11.94 9.72 10.90 14.00 8.64 12.90 13.34 10.74 7.50 10.50 9.12 13.29 15.00 14.43 12.20 8.50 17.77 14.50 19.13 18.99 16.63 13.85 12.67 13.75 14.95 10.36 14.00 14.26 13.75 8.63 11.75 12.55 16.25 15.56 16.28 18.13 10.29 23.27 16.56 27.20 19.47 19.38 15.21 13.98 17.50 18.50 11.48 14.93 16.40 15.04 11.50 15.00 75 90 $23.15 19.96 17.31 22.71 15.00 23.92 $29.71 23.94 26.44 27.31 17.68 32.45 41.31 17.88 10.71 7.29 13.96 18.23 54.77 29.09 19.50 10.45 16.25 24.04 21.51 15.81 14.78 10.98 9.76 14.00 16.06 10.87 13.19 12.82 16.37 12.18 10.17 9.15 13.96 18.89 14.26 13.70 13.45 11.68 12.98 9.16 11.17 14.42 15.00 21.51 15.85 16.83 11.57 16.08 17.25 22.75 12.69 13.89 14.95 17.83 13.99 10.26 9.81 16.67 19.72 15.84 15.36 17.31 12.67 15.75 10.70 14.38 17.51 15.47 16.87 19.84 16.45 20.69 21.91 11.18 23.31 18.15 30.61 22.60 23.62 23.31 18.40 21.20 23.62 14.35 16.17 16.87 18.20 14.79 17.00 20.61 23.62 18.34 20.69 23.62 18.05 23.31 20.23 33.26 22.60 26.03 23.31 18.40 26.20 24.31 16.25 17.35 18.45 19.81 20.07 20.50 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $6.00 $7.35 $9.75 $16.38 $20.08 9.00 8.00 7.68 9.34 7.16 6.25 7.50 9.40 8.00 9.30 7.50 7.50 10.00 6.00 8.00 8.45 6.00 8.60 9.50 11.28 16.38 8.00 5.45 6.00 10.00 10.69 8.40 12.21 7.80 7.25 8.00 9.50 11.95 9.56 7.65 9.52 12.35 8.20 9.35 9.50 6.75 11.48 12.87 13.53 16.91 10.50 6.25 7.00 12.64 12.92 10.30 14.48 8.52 7.25 9.00 10.59 17.25 12.40 9.05 12.05 13.48 10.00 14.30 11.24 10.18 14.85 16.00 13.77 19.48 11.70 9.20 8.60 15.13 20.28 10.75 17.90 9.22 8.00 11.70 11.14 18.28 15.58 14.78 14.32 20.32 14.57 14.70 14.22 13.45 18.83 20.65 17.06 20.14 14.92 12.40 11.58 16.57 20.61 13.48 18.48 10.94 8.54 18.08 14.94 20.16 20.16 17.25 17.09 21.86 20.02 14.79 19.37 18.19 20.65 20.65 17.06 20.14 19.89 14.79 13.38 10.00 13.39 5.15 5.25 6.05 6.25 6.50 5.15 10.25 13.39 5.35 5.79 6.25 7.50 7.00 5.35 13.17 15.68 8.55 7.25 7.60 9.75 8.50 10.04 14.09 19.15 10.70 10.95 8.85 11.38 12.61 13.04 23.02 19.90 14.78 13.05 11.82 16.87 12.85 13.55 9.53 14.04 15.41 18.21 8.85 6.67 5.15 6.84 11.69 15.98 5.75 2.13 6.15 9.60 12.46 16.97 6.43 4.80 8.25 13.56 14.34 17.61 7.50 6.50 11.70 18.13 19.21 19.90 10.21 8.63 16.97 21.12 19.21 20.95 13.72 11.23 11.89 4.49 3.01 8.39 5.99 6.61 3.02 7.38 7.50 2.13 2.13 6.00 5.15 5.15 2.13 5.50 9.68 2.13 2.13 7.00 5.15 5.25 2.13 6.00 11.29 4.00 2.13 8.00 5.63 6.00 2.13 7.00 13.85 6.00 2.32 9.00 6.68 7.25 3.60 8.42 15.00 8.25 4.80 11.60 7.11 9.85 5.50 10.09 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors (-Continued) Punching and stamping press operators .............. $11.66 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators .......................................... 12.76 Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. ................ 14.01 Molding and casting machine operators ............... 10.41 Printing press operators ....................................... 14.51 Textile sewing machine operators ........................ 8.76 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 7.63 Packaging and filling machine operators .............. 10.45 Extruding and forming machine operators ............ 10.88 Mixing and blending machine operators ............... 15.26 Painting and paint spraying machine operators ... 13.16 Slicing and cutting machine operators .................. 11.01 Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... 12.22 Welders and cutters .............................................. 15.92 Assemblers ........................................................... 11.72 Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. 12.37 Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. 12.31 Production testers ................................................. 11.03 Transportation and material moving occupations ............. 15.09 Truck drivers ......................................................... 15.96 Bus drivers ............................................................ 14.55 Crane and tower operators ................................... 18.58 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. 12.57 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... 9.69 Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... 9.33 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. 13.50 Construction laborers ........................................... 16.11 Production helpers ................................................ 8.67 Stock handlers and baggers ................................. 8.55 Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... 8.18 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... 10.11 Hand packers and packagers ............................... 9.37 Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... 9.73 Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Guards and police except public service .............. Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. See footnotes at end of table. 6 Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Percentiles Occupation3 Mean Service occupations (-Continued) Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. $8.85 9.89 8.23 9.15 11.88 7.15 9.17 11.41 7.80 9.70 10 25 Median 50 75 90 $6.50 6.00 6.70 5.50 7.25 5.75 5.50 5.50 5.15 6.00 $7.34 7.62 7.25 6.00 7.25 6.00 6.00 7.12 6.29 7.22 $8.25 9.25 7.98 8.17 12.79 6.64 8.17 9.47 6.98 8.65 $9.75 11.91 9.00 11.18 15.64 8.33 11.18 14.09 9.62 11.93 $12.00 13.28 10.37 14.25 18.00 9.09 14.25 20.79 10.68 15.68 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 7 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 All occupations ..................................................... $15.17 All occupations excluding sales .......................... 15.26 White-collar occupations ................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ....... Professional specialty and technical occupations .............................................. Professional specialty occupations ............. Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..... Electrical and electronic engineers ..... Industrial engineers ............................ Mechanical engineers ......................... Engineers, N.E.C. ............................... Mathematical and computer scientists ... Computer systems analysts and scientists ....................................... Natural scientists .................................... Health related occupations ..................... Physicians .......................................... Registered nurses .............................. Dietitians ............................................. Respiratory therapists ......................... Physical therapists .............................. Teachers, college and university ............ Teachers, except college and university Elementary school teachers ............... Secondary school teachers ................ Teachers, special education ............... Teachers, N.E.C. ................................ Vocational and educational counselors .................................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ......... Librarians ............................................ Social scientists and urban planners ...... Social, recreation, and religious workers Social workers .................................... Lawyers and judges ................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ................. Designers ........................................... Editors and reporters .......................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ....... Technical occupations ................................ Radiological technicians ..................... Licensed practical nurses ................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ........................................... Electrical and electronic technicians ... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ......... Drafters ............................................... Computer programmers ..................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............................................. Executives, administrators, and managers .......................................... Administrators and officials, public administration ............................... Financial managers ............................ Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations ....................... Administrators, education and related fields ............................................. Managers, medicine and health ......... State and local government $6.39 6.74 25 Median 50 $8.70 $12.88 9.00 12.98 Percentiles Mean 75 90 10 $18.89 19.04 $25.48 25.26 $18.71 18.72 25 Median 50 75 90 $9.30 $12.26 $16.33 $22.03 $34.34 9.28 12.25 16.37 22.03 34.35 18.31 18.99 7.69 8.54 10.61 11.42 15.32 15.94 21.78 22.16 31.47 32.16 21.48 21.50 10.52 10.52 13.57 13.57 18.85 18.85 28.55 28.63 37.08 37.08 21.00 22.72 27.26 29.49 24.65 24.09 27.70 27.75 12.00 13.46 19.73 24.00 19.81 20.32 18.91 19.36 15.00 17.33 22.10 24.46 20.70 20.67 22.12 23.88 19.58 21.00 26.19 27.41 23.82 23.22 26.44 27.40 24.64 26.75 30.89 30.83 26.70 26.50 32.02 31.39 31.00 33.00 35.45 44.23 31.96 28.85 35.74 35.61 25.28 26.21 – – – – – – 12.99 13.36 – – – – – – 17.94 18.70 – – – – – – 23.96 25.32 – – – – – – 33.40 33.98 – – – – – – 38.79 39.51 – – – – – – 28.07 – 21.26 36.42 19.83 15.25 17.03 26.64 33.44 14.86 – 20.57 – 18.99 20.38 – 16.00 16.94 16.00 11.00 14.47 20.68 20.44 7.00 – 14.22 – 12.50 23.88 – 17.79 16.94 18.06 11.00 16.00 22.94 25.92 8.86 – 16.05 – 15.74 27.53 – 20.10 20.10 20.05 15.61 17.50 25.38 29.29 14.23 – 18.42 – 17.01 32.54 – 21.63 57.69 21.49 17.30 18.00 28.00 42.63 18.13 – 24.45 – 20.00 35.61 – 25.38 78.80 22.52 18.45 18.46 33.33 45.38 25.76 – 29.98 – 29.59 – – 19.88 – 19.94 – – – – 28.66 32.22 33.02 25.72 27.90 – – 7.75 – 15.00 – – – – 17.37 21.25 22.70 18.30 18.28 – – 15.75 – 15.75 – – – – 20.93 26.93 29.67 20.53 20.00 – – 18.45 – 16.00 – – – – 30.26 33.43 34.08 25.91 26.97 – – 25.32 – 24.00 – – – – 35.64 37.71 37.95 31.93 33.40 – – 26.42 – 30.79 – – – – 39.96 41.36 40.55 34.58 39.96 – 18.01 18.01 – 14.36 14.36 – – 12.82 12.82 – 10.73 10.73 – – 12.82 12.82 – 12.02 12.02 – – 18.01 18.01 – 13.94 13.94 – – 21.78 21.78 – 16.39 16.39 – – 25.24 25.24 – 18.50 18.50 – 21.37 24.51 24.65 – 16.61 16.61 – 14.01 14.00 14.00 – 11.35 11.35 – 14.01 16.21 16.57 – 12.10 12.25 – 18.47 21.53 21.53 – 15.37 15.37 – 25.05 35.94 35.94 – 20.41 20.41 – 35.96 35.94 35.94 – 24.94 24.94 – 17.34 18.96 21.51 15.40 16.72 16.58 13.32 11.54 13.44 11.28 9.99 11.02 11.33 11.80 13.09 15.70 14.87 12.81 12.40 14.17 12.36 15.68 18.80 20.88 14.94 14.83 16.73 13.23 19.80 21.00 26.92 16.83 18.51 19.76 14.10 26.92 23.63 37.26 18.39 21.98 21.10 15.20 – – – – 16.25 – – – – – – 8.50 – – – – – – 14.24 – – – – – – 16.39 – – – – – – 19.66 – – – – – – 22.02 – – 15.73 18.31 12.71 14.23 19.09 10.64 12.50 8.00 10.40 12.40 12.11 14.53 9.25 11.64 15.41 14.40 19.52 11.54 13.11 16.83 18.25 21.98 14.86 17.00 25.00 20.16 21.98 19.62 20.25 25.00 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.06 10.00 11.91 15.92 18.37 27.04 17.54 13.83 15.39 16.83 20.63 22.02 28.69 14.90 17.23 23.73 33.81 47.38 22.91 11.67 15.87 19.96 32.99 38.69 32.98 16.54 21.34 29.42 37.98 55.29 25.12 10.77 15.87 20.65 34.62 38.69 – 31.65 – 17.70 – 21.34 – 27.35 – 38.22 – 52.88 23.90 – 11.67 – 17.38 – 20.65 – 34.62 – 34.62 – 35.90 16.05 20.44 33.48 38.51 59.81 – – – – – – 25.23 30.68 10.50 20.19 13.99 20.19 26.10 25.25 29.13 34.41 31.95 65.00 38.24 – 32.99 – 37.08 – 38.69 – 38.99 – 48.05 – See footnotes at end of table. 8 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ........................................... $27.59 $18.80 $18.80 $21.55 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. 33.78 17.50 21.63 29.66 Management related occupations .......... 20.43 13.17 15.39 17.23 Accountants and auditors ................... 21.50 13.39 15.87 17.79 Other financial officers ........................ 23.36 12.50 14.67 19.56 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ...................... 17.43 13.41 15.82 16.93 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ........................................... 20.69 15.27 15.38 19.90 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 18.44 13.94 15.38 16.67 Sales occupations .......................................... 14.04 5.50 6.25 10.45 Supervisors, sales occupations .......... 17.01 9.20 10.85 14.99 Advertising and related sales occupations .................................. 13.73 5.57 13.22 13.75 Sales occupations, other business services ........................................ 19.22 6.75 10.03 17.73 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ...... 31.19 15.39 18.17 26.44 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ............................................. 15.80 7.99 11.54 14.30 Sales workers, other commodities ...... 9.80 5.20 5.84 7.29 Cashiers ............................................. 7.81 5.25 5.50 6.00 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...................................................... 11.34 7.25 8.75 10.70 Supervisors, general office ................. 15.25 10.57 10.75 13.39 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ...................... 16.89 9.75 11.63 16.03 Secretaries ......................................... 13.04 9.48 11.06 12.74 Receptionists ...................................... 9.63 7.69 8.25 9.63 Information clerks, N.E.C. ................... 10.10 8.07 8.07 8.11 Order clerks ........................................ 11.60 6.35 9.00 11.50 Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .................................. 13.35 9.00 9.00 10.95 Library clerks ...................................... 8.95 6.38 7.29 10.09 Records clerks, N.E.C. ....................... 10.63 7.27 8.54 10.79 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ............................................ 10.94 8.50 9.19 10.61 Payroll and timekeeping clerks ........... 12.33 9.50 10.15 11.20 Billing clerks ........................................ 10.07 7.39 8.15 9.62 Telephone operators .......................... 9.20 7.50 8.26 9.84 Mail clerks except postal service ........ 7.71 6.24 6.50 7.68 Production coordinators ...................... 16.69 13.85 14.79 16.92 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks 12.03 8.50 9.10 11.45 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ................................. 12.64 9.83 10.47 12.35 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...................................... 12.06 8.00 9.00 12.14 Bill and account collectors .................. 11.23 9.38 9.61 11.09 General office clerks ........................... 10.10 7.21 8.08 9.73 Bank tellers ......................................... 8.76 7.05 7.84 8.50 Data entry keyers ............................... 9.11 7.00 8.00 8.50 Teachers’ aides .................................. – – – – Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 12.61 8.50 10.05 13.25 Blue-collar occupations ................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............................................. State and local government Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 75 90 $46.88 37.16 23.32 25.48 28.21 $46.88 55.29 29.88 31.25 33.81 18.54 22.76 18.91 15.22 17.08 18.99 20.43 23.35 23.15 29.71 – – – – – – 20.75 17.41 22.71 27.88 26.44 27.70 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.00 17.68 – – – – – – 23.92 32.45 – – – – – – 41.31 54.77 – – – – – – 17.88 10.71 7.25 29.09 19.50 10.45 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.68 16.83 15.77 24.04 12.65 – 7.46 – 10.26 – 12.58 – 14.78 – 17.83 – 21.51 14.86 10.58 9.76 14.00 21.51 16.75 11.75 16.08 17.25 – 12.88 – – – – 9.82 – – – – 10.64 – – – – 12.99 – – – – 14.78 – – – – 16.83 – – – 15.53 10.87 13.19 22.75 10.87 13.89 – 9.07 – – 5.50 – – 6.67 – – 9.00 – – 10.85 – – 13.35 – 12.50 13.64 12.18 10.17 9.15 18.89 14.26 14.33 17.67 13.99 10.26 9.81 19.72 15.84 12.86 – – – – – – 8.06 – – – – – – 11.48 – – – – – – 12.51 – – – – – – 16.32 – – – – – – 16.83 – – – – – – 13.70 15.36 – – – – – 13.52 11.68 11.30 9.16 9.69 – 17.31 12.67 13.70 10.70 12.50 – – – 12.98 – – 11.88 – – 6.99 – – 7.15 – – 10.18 – – 8.82 – – 12.05 – – 10.38 – – 15.75 – – 14.46 – – 17.98 – – 17.61 15.10 15.47 9.43 6.00 6.77 8.76 10.90 13.57 – – – – – – $22.42 $13.80 $15.50 $19.63 $23.44 $32.70 18.58 14.56 15.90 18.99 20.04 23.33 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.11 7.00 8.75 12.05 16.88 20.61 15.02 11.09 13.29 14.63 16.63 18.85 17.02 10.50 13.00 16.50 20.69 23.62 15.40 12.26 14.00 15.56 16.63 18.39 See footnotes at end of table. 9 Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued Private industry State and local government Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations (-Continued) Automobile mechanics ....................... $15.82 $12.00 $15.00 $15.55 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .................................... 17.73 12.02 15.69 17.52 Industrial machinery repairers ............ 17.36 11.16 12.20 18.13 Machinery maintenance occupations 11.05 8.50 8.50 10.29 Millwrights ........................................... 21.63 17.25 17.77 23.27 Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ 16.13 10.50 13.17 16.25 Carpenters .......................................... 18.98 10.62 18.99 19.47 Electricians ......................................... 21.23 15.64 17.43 21.91 Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters 20.26 10.50 15.21 23.27 Supervisors, production occupations .. 17.99 10.90 13.75 17.50 Tool and die makers ........................... 19.03 14.00 14.95 18.50 Precision assemblers, metal ............... 12.26 8.64 10.36 11.48 Machinists ........................................... 14.89 12.90 14.00 14.93 Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ........................................... 15.53 13.34 14.26 16.40 Inspectors, testers, and graders ......... 15.81 11.07 13.70 15.01 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ................................................. 12.25 7.50 8.62 11.50 Lathe and turning machine operators 14.59 10.50 11.75 15.00 Punching and stamping press operators ...................................... 11.66 6.00 7.35 9.75 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators ......... 12.76 9.00 10.00 12.64 Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... 14.01 8.00 10.69 12.92 Molding and casting machine operators ...................................... 10.41 7.68 8.40 10.30 Printing press operators ..................... 14.51 9.34 12.21 14.48 Textile sewing machine operators ...... 8.76 7.16 7.80 8.52 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ...................................... 7.63 6.25 7.25 7.25 Packaging and filling machine operators ...................................... 10.45 7.50 8.00 9.00 Extruding and forming machine operators ...................................... 10.88 9.40 9.50 10.59 Mixing and blending machine operators ...................................... 15.26 8.00 11.95 17.25 Painting and paint spraying machine operators ...................................... 13.16 9.30 9.56 12.40 Slicing and cutting machine operators 11.01 7.50 7.65 9.05 Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... 12.14 7.50 9.50 12.05 Welders and cutters ............................ 15.92 10.00 12.35 13.48 Assemblers ......................................... 11.72 6.00 8.20 10.00 Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. ...................... 12.37 8.00 9.35 14.30 Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..................................... 12.31 8.45 9.50 11.24 Production testers ............................... 11.03 6.00 6.75 10.18 Transportation and material moving occupations .............................................. 15.02 8.15 11.19 15.10 Truck drivers ....................................... 16.01 9.25 12.55 16.34 Bus drivers .......................................... – – – – Crane and tower operators ................. 18.58 16.38 16.91 19.48 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ...................................... 12.57 8.00 10.50 11.70 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................... 9.58 5.35 6.25 8.85 Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................................... 9.05 6.00 7.00 8.00 See footnotes at end of table. 10 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – 75 90 $16.70 $21.00 20.69 21.91 10.29 23.31 18.15 22.60 24.70 23.31 21.20 23.62 14.35 16.17 20.69 23.62 18.05 23.31 23.62 22.60 26.03 23.31 26.20 24.31 16.25 17.35 16.87 17.15 18.45 19.40 – – – – – – – – – – – – 14.78 17.00 20.07 20.50 – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.38 20.08 – – – – – – 15.13 16.57 – – – – – – 20.28 20.61 – – – – – – 10.75 17.90 9.22 13.48 18.48 10.94 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 8.00 8.54 – – – – – – 11.70 18.08 – – – – – – 11.14 14.94 – – – – – – 18.28 20.16 – – – – – – 15.58 14.78 20.16 17.25 – – – – – – – – – – – – 14.32 20.32 14.57 17.09 21.86 20.02 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 14.70 14.79 – – – – – – 14.22 13.45 19.37 18.19 – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.89 20.65 – 20.14 20.65 20.65 – 20.14 15.27 – 14.60 – 11.28 – 11.33 – 13.64 – 13.65 – 14.15 – 13.77 – 17.06 – 17.06 – 19.60 – 17.06 – 14.92 19.89 – – – – – – 11.97 14.79 12.30 10.14 11.04 13.04 13.39 14.10 11.70 13.44 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $16.91 $11.51 $16.32 $16.64 $20.23 $20.23 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued Private industry Percentiles Occupation3 Mean 10 25 Median 50 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers (-Continued) Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. ..... $13.50 $10.00 $10.25 $13.17 Production helpers .............................. 8.67 5.15 5.35 8.55 Stock handlers and baggers ............... 8.52 5.25 5.79 7.10 Machine feeders and offbearers ......... 8.18 6.05 6.25 7.60 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ........................................... 10.11 6.25 7.50 9.75 Hand packers and packagers ............. 9.37 6.50 7.00 8.50 Laborers except construction, N.E.C. 9.28 5.15 5.35 9.59 Service occupations ......................................... Protective service occupations ............... Firefighting occupations ...................... Police and detectives, public service .. Guards and police except public service .......................................... Food service occupations ....................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations ...................... Bartenders .......................................... Waiters and waitresses ...................... Cooks ................................................. Kitchen workers, food preparation ...... Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants .......... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. Health service occupations ..................... Health aides, except nursing .............. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ..................................... Cleaning and building service occupations ...................................... Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers ............................. Maids and housemen ......................... Janitors and cleaners ......................... Personal service occupations ................. Early childhood teachers’ assistants .. Service occupations, N.E.C.. .............. State and local government Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.87 12.85 13.55 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 75 90 $14.09 10.70 11.00 8.85 $23.02 14.78 13.05 11.82 11.38 12.61 12.99 7.78 8.43 – – 2.32 5.75 – – 5.75 6.25 – – 7.25 7.25 – – 9.08 9.90 – – 11.91 12.96 – – $13.61 16.03 15.41 18.21 $8.03 10.00 11.69 15.98 8.46 6.35 5.75 2.13 6.25 2.33 7.08 6.00 9.90 8.00 13.09 11.00 – 9.69 – 8.00 – 8.63 – 9.72 – 10.87 – 11.60 12.07 4.49 3.01 8.00 6.59 3.02 6.84 8.51 8.97 7.50 2.13 2.13 5.65 5.15 2.13 5.50 6.30 6.00 10.33 2.13 2.13 7.00 5.20 2.13 5.85 7.10 6.75 11.53 4.00 2.13 7.75 6.00 2.13 6.75 8.20 8.37 14.04 6.00 2.32 8.75 7.00 3.60 7.50 9.31 9.90 15.00 8.25 4.80 10.50 9.85 5.50 8.43 11.03 11.68 – – – – – – 9.73 11.30 12.64 – – – – – – 8.29 7.34 11.34 – – – – – – 9.08 7.34 11.73 – – – – – – 9.79 12.02 12.72 – – – – – – 10.35 13.00 13.22 – – – – – – 10.87 13.56 14.16 8.28 6.65 7.20 8.00 9.02 10.37 – – – – – – 8.60 5.50 5.85 7.25 9.65 13.96 10.40 7.16 8.49 9.36 12.60 14.25 11.00 7.15 8.63 9.98 7.09 7.73 7.25 5.75 5.50 4.75 5.15 3.50 7.25 6.00 5.75 6.29 6.29 6.00 9.18 6.64 7.00 8.25 6.74 7.75 12.79 8.33 10.00 10.78 8.12 9.00 18.00 9.09 18.85 20.48 9.87 11.43 – – 10.16 13.76 – – – – 6.20 6.28 – – – – 8.17 8.65 – – – – 9.23 12.73 – – – – 12.11 18.41 – – – – 14.25 21.36 – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as $9.70 $12.63 $16.97 $20.40 12.46 16.50 19.21 22.00 12.46 14.34 19.21 19.21 16.97 17.61 19.90 20.95 working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 11 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 All occupations ..................................................... $16.76 All occupations excluding sales .......................... 16.74 White-collar occupations ................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ....... Professional specialty and technical occupations .............................................. Professional specialty occupations ............. Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..... Electrical and electronic engineers ..... Industrial engineers ............................ Mechanical engineers ......................... Engineers, N.E.C. ............................... Mathematical and computer scientists ... Computer systems analysts and scientists ....................................... Natural scientists .................................... Health related occupations ..................... Physicians .......................................... Registered nurses .............................. Teachers, college and university ............ Teachers, except college and university Prekindergarten and kindergarten ...... Elementary school teachers ............... Secondary school teachers ................ Teachers, special education ............... Teachers, N.E.C. ................................ Substitute teachers ............................. Vocational and educational counselors .................................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ......... Librarians ............................................ Social scientists and urban planners ...... Social, recreation, and religious workers Social workers .................................... Lawyers and judges ................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ................. Designers ........................................... Editors and reporters .......................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ....... Technical occupations ................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .................................... Radiological technicians ..................... Licensed practical nurses ................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ........................................... Electrical and electronic technicians ... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ......... Drafters ............................................... Computer programmers ..................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............................................. Executives, administrators, and managers .......................................... Administrators and officials, public administration ............................... Financial managers ............................ Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations ....................... Part-time 25 Median 50 $7.91 $10.30 $14.42 8.00 10.33 14.43 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $20.16 20.16 $28.24 28.03 10 25 $8.83 9.20 $5.18 5.15 $5.75 5.98 Median 50 75 90 $7.00 $10.45 $16.00 7.25 11.18 17.51 19.96 20.22 9.19 9.50 12.14 12.50 16.86 17.10 24.08 24.52 34.62 34.62 10.84 12.62 5.50 6.25 6.25 7.21 8.00 10.73 13.85 16.42 20.08 21.01 22.73 24.50 27.26 29.49 24.65 24.09 27.70 27.47 12.48 14.25 19.73 24.00 19.81 20.32 18.91 19.76 15.93 18.01 22.12 24.46 20.70 20.67 22.12 23.88 20.52 22.46 26.44 27.41 23.82 23.22 26.44 26.71 27.50 29.86 30.75 30.83 26.70 26.50 32.02 31.25 35.26 36.59 35.37 44.23 31.96 28.85 35.74 35.36 17.38 18.28 – – – – – – 8.72 8.57 – – – – – – 12.76 13.64 – – – – – – 16.97 18.47 – – – – – – 20.71 21.49 – – – – – – 25.25 26.52 – – – – – – 27.74 28.73 21.21 35.09 19.68 35.62 27.96 16.43 29.91 30.00 27.21 28.96 – 20.94 16.98 15.61 16.94 15.75 23.32 15.74 6.50 17.71 17.71 19.39 17.01 – 23.88 18.60 17.55 16.94 17.75 27.09 20.53 7.22 22.54 23.43 22.35 21.68 – 27.00 23.09 19.99 20.10 19.93 32.86 29.22 9.68 32.03 31.86 26.72 28.55 – 31.25 40.43 21.63 57.69 21.31 42.63 35.19 25.55 36.34 35.96 32.19 34.18 – 35.61 46.06 25.32 72.12 22.36 49.59 39.65 35.84 40.35 40.00 34.60 39.96 – – – 20.99 – 20.46 – 15.35 – 15.80 – – 18.62 10.45 – – 16.00 – 16.86 – 7.00 – 9.02 – – 7.73 6.67 – – 18.50 – 19.06 – 9.88 – 10.83 – – 15.00 8.57 – – 20.71 – 20.86 – 14.01 – 11.11 – – 18.50 11.43 – – 22.17 – 21.88 – 18.47 – 19.65 – – 19.69 12.75 – – 26.44 – 24.00 – 25.00 – 33.09 – – 33.40 12.75 25.83 21.36 21.36 27.04 15.99 15.96 – 15.71 12.82 12.82 19.92 11.35 11.35 – 18.73 14.70 14.70 22.56 12.36 12.36 – 22.09 20.09 20.09 24.68 14.66 14.66 – 35.15 25.24 25.24 30.65 18.50 18.50 – 37.17 35.94 35.94 37.12 23.80 23.80 – – 19.53 19.77 – – – – – 10.30 10.30 – – – – – 13.57 13.57 – – – – – 16.97 17.55 – – – – – 22.53 29.54 – – – – – 29.60 29.60 – – – – 17.44 18.96 21.51 15.22 16.91 11.54 13.44 11.28 9.99 10.68 12.82 15.70 14.87 12.81 12.50 16.00 18.80 20.88 14.86 15.39 20.00 21.00 26.92 16.83 18.77 26.67 23.63 37.26 18.21 21.98 – – – – 13.86 – – – – 10.88 – – – – 12.35 – – – – 14.00 – – – – 15.20 – – – – 16.51 – – 13.59 – – 11.73 – – 12.44 – – 13.25 – – 14.32 – – 15.84 16.62 13.94 13.56 13.77 10.60 12.35 13.77 11.75 12.58 17.79 14.17 13.32 18.35 15.94 14.45 18.35 16.73 15.15 15.40 17.93 12.77 14.23 19.51 8.50 11.90 8.00 10.40 12.40 11.19 14.37 9.50 11.64 16.83 14.38 18.19 11.85 13.11 19.76 18.29 21.98 14.91 17.00 25.00 21.12 21.98 19.62 20.25 25.00 13.21 – – – – 9.64 – – – – 11.03 – – – – 14.39 – – – – 15.57 – – – – 15.57 – – – – 16.61 11.06 13.00 15.99 18.66 22.14 12.86 9.15 9.68 10.40 10.96 30.00 27.80 14.65 17.31 23.15 34.13 45.40 14.43 11.67 11.67 12.12 16.67 19.21 31.71 16.05 20.60 28.85 37.13 49.70 – – – – – – 26.72 31.90 17.38 17.90 20.65 21.34 20.65 27.35 34.62 38.22 34.62 62.15 – – – – – – – – – – – – 35.13 16.05 20.44 33.03 36.76 59.81 – – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 12 Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued) Administrators, education and related fields ............................................. $35.00 $20.09 $31.25 $37.13 Managers, medicine and health ......... 30.68 20.19 20.19 25.25 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ........................................... 16.47 10.71 10.77 11.56 Managers and administrators, N.E.C. 32.91 16.83 21.41 28.09 Management related occupations .......... 20.17 13.52 15.66 17.74 Accountants and auditors ................... 21.35 13.94 15.91 18.27 Other financial officers ........................ 22.77 12.98 15.38 17.79 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ...................... 18.15 14.42 15.87 17.18 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ........................................... 20.69 15.27 15.38 19.90 Management related occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... 18.51 13.95 15.87 16.93 Sales occupations .......................................... 17.18 6.50 9.52 13.94 Supervisors, sales occupations .......... 17.63 9.70 11.45 15.41 Sales occupations, other business services ........................................ 19.22 6.75 10.03 17.73 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ...... 31.19 15.39 18.17 26.44 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ............................................. 15.80 7.99 11.54 14.30 Sales workers, other commodities ...... – – – – Cashiers ............................................. 11.29 5.55 6.00 7.00 Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...................................................... 12.05 8.05 9.50 11.50 Supervisors, general office ................. 16.05 10.57 12.04 15.10 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ...................... 17.08 9.75 11.63 16.03 Computer operators ............................ 13.47 10.00 11.83 14.42 Secretaries ......................................... 13.14 9.65 11.12 12.99 Receptionists ...................................... 9.92 7.69 9.00 9.89 Order clerks ........................................ 11.60 6.35 9.00 11.50 Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .................................. 14.36 9.00 10.00 14.74 Library clerks ...................................... 10.95 7.05 9.64 10.87 Records clerks, N.E.C. ....................... 10.59 7.26 8.53 10.79 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ............................................ 11.26 8.50 9.33 10.61 Payroll and timekeeping clerks ........... 13.55 10.00 10.92 13.08 Billing clerks ........................................ 10.33 7.39 8.50 9.75 Telephone operators .......................... – – – – Mail clerks except postal service ........ 7.74 6.24 6.50 7.68 Dispatchers ......................................... 10.08 6.35 7.30 8.18 Production coordinators ...................... 16.69 13.85 14.79 16.92 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks 12.09 8.50 9.10 11.45 Stock and inventory clerks .................. 11.31 8.25 9.64 11.78 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ................................. 12.64 9.83 10.47 12.35 Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...................................... 12.80 9.00 10.76 12.42 Bill and account collectors .................. 11.23 9.38 9.61 11.09 General office clerks ........................... 11.06 7.24 8.65 10.45 Bank tellers ......................................... 8.94 7.28 8.50 8.50 Data entry keyers ............................... 9.93 7.50 8.05 9.00 Teachers’ aides .................................. – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 13 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 – – – – – – – – – – 75 90 $38.69 34.41 $47.01 65.00 17.81 37.02 22.76 24.52 27.44 21.55 55.24 28.97 29.88 33.81 19.75 23.35 – – – – – – 23.15 29.71 – – – – – – 19.96 20.66 22.71 22.31 31.50 28.85 – 6.64 – – 5.20 – – 5.45 – – 5.91 – – 7.00 – – 8.94 – 23.92 32.45 – – – – – – 41.31 54.77 – – – – – – 17.88 – 11.67 29.09 – 16.67 – 6.42 6.46 – 5.20 5.20 – 5.50 5.45 – 6.00 5.79 – 6.60 6.55 – 8.23 8.94 14.21 18.23 16.74 24.04 8.03 – 6.25 – 6.25 – 7.50 – 9.16 – 11.31 – 21.51 15.81 14.78 10.98 14.00 21.51 15.85 16.83 11.57 17.25 – – 10.11 9.03 – – – 8.00 7.00 – – – 8.74 7.50 – – – 10.00 8.25 – – – 11.70 9.27 – – – 12.00 13.00 – 16.74 11.98 13.19 22.75 15.16 13.89 – 7.41 – – 5.50 – – 5.70 – – 7.00 – – 8.61 – – 10.43 – 12.98 16.37 12.18 – 9.15 13.96 18.89 14.26 12.54 15.38 17.83 13.99 – 9.81 16.83 19.72 15.84 14.28 – – – 8.51 – – – – – – – – 7.50 – – – – – – – – 7.50 – – – – – – – – 7.75 – – – – – – – – 9.77 – – – – – – – – 10.56 – – – – – 13.70 15.36 – – – – – – 15.28 11.68 12.98 9.33 11.17 – 17.31 12.67 15.75 10.72 14.38 – 9.44 – 8.20 – 8.14 8.84 7.38 – 6.50 – 7.00 6.92 8.00 – 6.75 – 7.40 7.79 8.00 – 8.00 – 7.50 9.07 12.07 – 9.00 – 8.00 9.97 12.50 – 10.60 – 10.00 10.57 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $16.44 $12.12 $14.67 $16.00 $17.90 $20.75 – – – – – – – – – – – – Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ........................................... $12.80 Blue-collar occupations ................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............................................. Automobile mechanics ....................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .................................... Industrial machinery repairers ............ Machinery maintenance occupations Millwrights ........................................... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ........ Supervisors, construction trades, N.E.C. ........................................... Carpenters .......................................... Electricians ......................................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters Construction trades, N.E.C. ................ Supervisors, production occupations .. Tool and die makers ........................... Precision assemblers, metal ............... Machinists ........................................... Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ........................................... Inspectors, testers, and graders ......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ................................................. Lathe and turning machine operators Punching and stamping press operators ...................................... Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators ......... Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... Molding and casting machine operators ...................................... Printing press operators ..................... Textile sewing machine operators ...... Packaging and filling machine operators ...................................... Extruding and forming machine operators ...................................... Mixing and blending machine operators ...................................... Painting and paint spraying machine operators ...................................... Slicing and cutting machine operators Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........................................... Welders and cutters ............................ Assemblers ......................................... Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. ...................... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..................................... Production testers ............................... Transportation and material moving occupations .............................................. Truck drivers ....................................... Part-time 25 Median 50 $8.76 $10.09 $13.57 Percentiles Mean 75 90 $15.29 $15.60 10 25 $9.48 $6.00 $7.50 Median 50 75 90 $9.50 $10.89 $13.07 13.69 7.65 9.75 13.00 17.09 20.61 7.65 5.20 5.70 6.50 8.75 11.39 16.81 15.84 10.60 13.50 13.30 15.00 16.25 15.56 19.84 16.45 23.62 18.34 13.69 – 8.12 – 8.50 – 10.69 – 23.80 – 23.80 – 16.88 17.35 11.23 21.63 16.50 12.02 11.16 8.50 17.25 11.08 14.43 12.20 8.50 17.77 14.72 16.28 18.13 10.29 23.27 16.56 20.69 21.91 11.18 23.31 18.19 20.69 23.62 18.05 23.31 23.06 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 24.41 18.98 20.42 17.90 14.76 17.99 19.03 12.26 14.89 14.31 10.62 15.69 11.94 9.54 10.90 14.00 8.64 12.90 19.13 18.99 16.63 13.85 12.67 13.75 14.95 10.36 14.00 27.20 19.47 19.38 15.21 13.98 17.50 18.50 11.48 14.93 30.61 22.60 23.62 23.31 18.40 21.20 23.62 14.35 16.17 33.26 22.60 26.03 23.31 18.40 26.20 24.31 16.25 17.35 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.53 16.09 13.34 10.74 14.26 13.75 16.40 15.04 16.87 18.20 18.45 19.81 – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.39 14.59 7.60 10.50 8.85 11.75 11.60 15.00 14.95 17.00 20.07 20.50 6.61 – 5.30 – 5.70 – 6.10 – 7.25 – 8.70 – 11.66 6.00 7.35 9.75 16.38 20.08 – – – – – – 12.76 9.00 10.00 12.64 15.13 16.57 – – – – – – 14.01 8.00 10.69 12.92 20.28 20.61 – – – – – – 10.51 14.51 8.78 7.75 9.34 7.07 8.62 12.21 7.75 10.30 14.48 8.52 10.75 17.90 9.25 13.48 18.48 11.03 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 10.45 7.50 8.00 9.00 11.70 18.08 – – – – – – 10.88 9.40 9.50 10.59 11.14 14.94 – – – – – – 15.26 8.00 11.95 17.25 18.28 20.16 – – – – – – 13.16 11.01 9.30 7.50 9.56 7.65 12.40 9.05 15.58 14.78 20.16 17.25 – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.26 15.92 12.19 7.55 10.00 7.25 9.52 12.35 8.46 12.05 13.48 10.50 14.32 20.32 14.69 17.09 21.86 20.07 – – 6.35 – – 5.30 – – 5.65 – – 6.00 – – 7.00 – – 9.27 12.37 8.00 9.35 14.30 14.70 14.79 – – – – – – 12.31 11.03 8.45 6.00 9.50 6.75 11.24 10.18 14.22 13.45 19.37 18.19 – – – – – – – – – – – – 15.28 16.19 8.75 10.52 11.60 13.10 15.13 16.30 19.48 20.65 20.65 20.65 11.47 – 10.00 – 11.67 – 13.77 – 13.77 – See footnotes at end of table. 14 7.28 – Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Full-time Occupation3 Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Transportation and material moving occupations (-Continued) Bus drivers .......................................... $15.21 $11.94 $13.68 $16.85 Crane and tower operators ................. 18.58 16.38 16.91 19.48 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ...................................... 12.61 8.00 10.50 11.70 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................... 10.55 6.00 7.28 10.00 Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................................... 9.67 6.25 7.00 9.04 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. ..... 13.94 10.00 11.70 13.17 Construction laborers ......................... 16.11 13.39 13.39 15.68 Production helpers .............................. 8.95 5.15 5.15 9.20 Stock handlers and baggers ............... 10.77 6.55 9.17 10.62 Machine feeders and offbearers ......... 8.34 6.25 6.60 7.70 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ........................................... 10.27 6.00 7.50 9.92 Hand packers and packagers ............. 9.65 6.95 7.15 9.55 Laborers except construction, N.E.C. 10.16 5.15 5.35 11.04 Service occupations ......................................... Protective service occupations ............... Firefighting occupations ...................... Police and detectives, public service .. Guards and police except public service .......................................... Food service occupations ....................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations ...................... Waiters and waitresses ...................... Cooks ................................................. Kitchen workers, food preparation ...... Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants .......... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. Health service occupations ..................... Health aides, except nursing .............. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ..................................... Cleaning and building service occupations ...................................... Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers ............................. Maids and housemen ......................... Janitors and cleaners ......................... Personal service occupations ................. Service occupations, N.E.C.. .............. Part-time Percentiles Mean 10 25 Median 50 75 90 75 90 $17.06 20.14 $17.06 20.14 14.92 19.89 – – – – – 13.04 15.06 7.28 5.20 5.70 6.25 8.20 11.70 13.44 – – – – – – 14.15 19.15 12.40 12.92 8.95 23.02 19.90 14.78 14.88 11.82 – – – 6.30 – – – – 5.20 – – – – 5.35 – – – – 5.80 – – – – 6.50 – – – – 8.20 – 11.53 12.67 13.19 16.87 12.85 14.97 9.76 – 6.65 7.00 – 5.65 7.50 – 6.00 9.50 – 6.50 10.75 – 7.25 13.34 – 7.75 $12.63 $11.08 $11.39 $12.71 $13.77 $13.94 – – – – – – – 10.45 10.71 14.27 15.47 18.44 5.91 7.00 11.69 16.74 7.34 9.90 12.82 16.97 9.23 14.15 14.34 17.67 12.98 18.69 19.21 20.40 19.20 21.12 19.21 20.95 6.56 10.97 – – 2.13 5.65 – – 5.15 6.68 – – 6.00 8.55 – – 7.69 16.50 – – 11.18 18.50 – – 8.56 7.99 5.75 2.13 6.25 5.50 7.50 8.00 10.05 10.33 13.33 12.98 10.32 5.49 6.25 2.13 6.74 2.13 7.45 5.75 16.00 7.00 18.50 9.00 12.34 3.27 8.59 – – 8.01 8.95 10.06 7.75 2.13 7.00 – – 5.75 6.65 6.00 10.33 2.13 7.50 – – 6.80 7.34 7.94 11.53 2.13 8.40 – – 7.50 8.33 9.36 14.04 4.80 9.00 – – 9.79 9.98 11.78 15.00 4.80 10.50 – – 10.46 12.00 13.28 – 2.78 8.12 6.27 3.12 6.84 8.13 8.82 – 2.13 5.45 5.15 2.13 5.49 5.92 5.15 – 2.13 6.25 5.15 2.13 5.75 6.75 6.00 – 2.13 7.50 6.00 2.13 6.50 7.60 7.52 – 2.13 9.00 6.75 4.25 7.75 9.01 12.11 – 6.50 11.60 8.30 5.50 8.69 11.96 13.11 8.30 6.75 7.34 8.00 9.02 10.54 7.72 5.92 6.75 7.60 8.65 9.50 9.74 5.91 7.00 8.92 11.38 14.72 7.64 5.50 5.50 6.00 8.00 12.11 11.88 7.13 9.92 13.13 11.49 7.25 5.75 5.85 6.53 7.50 7.25 6.00 7.08 8.25 8.65 12.79 6.64 9.00 11.36 10.78 15.64 8.23 11.38 17.59 13.18 18.00 9.05 14.25 22.57 17.84 – – 7.65 6.99 6.16 – – 5.50 3.50 2.13 – – 5.50 6.00 6.00 – – 6.00 6.37 6.37 – – 7.50 8.65 7.69 – – 12.60 12.32 8.65 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 15 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All industries Occupation3 Mean weekly hours4 Weekly earnings Mean Median Mean annual hours Annual earnings Mean Median All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 39.7 39.7 $665 664 $574 576 2,011 2,009 $33,710 33,630 $29,723 29,744 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 39.5 39.5 789 799 673 678 1,979 1,972 39,499 39,878 34,320 35,006 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Other financial officers .......................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Sales occupations ............................................................ Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Sales occupations, other business services ......... 39.2 39.2 40.3 40.0 41.3 40.0 40.1 39.5 39.7 40.0 39.7 40.0 39.6 39.6 37.4 37.9 36.3 37.8 38.2 37.7 39.2 38.2 38.2 39.7 39.9 39.9 – 891 959 1,097 1,180 1,019 964 1,112 1,084 1,100 1,149 841 1,404 778 1,411 1,045 622 1,087 1,134 1,038 1,093 1,012 817 817 1,074 637 636 – 814 888 1,060 1,096 1,012 929 1,096 1,058 1,069 924 794 804 788 1,292 1,107 387 1,190 1,235 1,035 1,096 949 769 769 987 586 586 – 1,882 1,841 2,093 2,080 2,149 2,080 2,088 2,053 2,063 2,080 2,054 2,080 2,046 1,584 1,443 1,665 1,348 1,411 1,478 1,478 1,713 1,778 1,778 1,849 2,024 2,023 – 42,785 45,095 57,056 61,348 52,981 50,111 57,819 56,384 57,220 59,758 43,564 72,995 40,250 56,427 40,351 27,362 40,332 42,340 40,212 42,815 44,249 37,979 37,979 49,981 32,361 32,292 – 41,101 43,597 55,120 57,013 52,645 48,298 56,992 54,995 55,578 48,027 41,309 41,808 40,959 57,143 42,882 20,134 43,887 46,161 40,167 42,436 43,701 39,978 39,978 47,520 30,285 30,285 – 39.6 39.8 38.1 40.0 39.3 38.9 39.9 39.8 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.9 40.0 40.0 39.6 690 754 820 609 664 529 614 714 511 569 780 664 1,110 1,269 1,068 1,263 631 752 728 594 616 520 550 703 474 524 790 637 923 1,124 827 1,094 2,046 2,067 1,982 2,073 2,033 1,969 2,074 2,043 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,079 2,062 2,064 2,078 2,059 35,687 39,196 42,640 31,549 34,383 26,756 31,946 36,634 26,569 29,594 40,572 34,522 57,331 65,438 55,519 65,682 32,656 39,104 37,869 30,909 31,845 26,770 28,621 36,566 24,648 27,269 41,101 33,134 47,944 58,157 42,994 56,888 40.1 39.6 40.0 40.0 40.2 39.8 39.9 39.6 1,410 1,384 1,227 659 1,322 802 851 901 1,327 1,485 1,010 462 1,154 710 723 712 2,087 1,846 2,080 2,080 2,088 2,059 2,038 2,058 73,324 64,593 63,818 34,259 68,735 41,531 43,514 46,861 68,994 61,553 52,520 24,045 60,008 36,899 37,226 37,003 39.8 41.6 39.5 39.6 40.3 40.1 723 860 731 680 710 772 687 796 677 556 616 713 2,072 2,162 2,053 2,058 2,094 2,088 37,611 44,740 37,997 35,349 36,920 40,134 35,734 41,392 35,214 28,891 32,053 37,086 See footnotes at end of table. 16 Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Occupation3 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Sales occupations (-Continued) Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ............. Cashiers ............................................................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Receptionists ........................................................ Order clerks .......................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... Library clerks ........................................................ Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Dispatchers ........................................................... Production coordinators ........................................ Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Bank tellers ........................................................... Data entry keyers ................................................. Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Machinery maintenance occupations ................... Millwrights ............................................................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Supervisors, construction trades, N.E.C. .............. Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Tool and die makers ............................................. Precision assemblers, metal ................................. Machinists ............................................................. Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ............. Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Lathe and turning machine operators ................... Punching and stamping press operators .............. Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators .......................................... Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. ................ Molding and casting machine operators ............... Printing press operators ....................................... Textile sewing machine operators ........................ Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Extruding and forming machine operators ............ Mixing and blending machine operators ............... Painting and paint spraying machine operators ... Slicing and cutting machine operators .................. Mean weekly hours4 Median Mean annual hours Mean Mean 40.0 41.4 37.9 39.6 40.0 $1,248 655 428 478 642 $1,058 572 257 458 604 2,080 2,155 1,973 2,038 2,080 $64,874 34,050 22,269 24,557 33,384 $54,995 29,765 13,354 23,504 31,408 40.0 40.0 39.6 39.7 39.7 39.7 38.0 38.7 39.5 39.9 40.0 39.1 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.5 38.3 39.8 40.0 39.7 40.0 40.0 39.6 683 539 520 394 461 570 416 410 444 540 413 302 403 668 483 458 484 510 449 439 358 397 507 641 577 510 394 460 590 408 405 424 523 390 307 327 677 458 471 469 497 444 418 340 360 536 2,080 2,080 2,038 2,059 2,066 2,064 1,977 2,012 1,929 2,074 2,080 2,032 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,108 1,991 2,070 2,080 2,057 2,080 2,080 2,047 35,520 28,020 26,786 20,431 23,967 29,634 21,647 21,314 21,714 28,101 21,496 15,726 20,970 34,711 25,138 23,829 25,158 26,506 23,361 22,749 18,600 20,655 26,204 33,342 29,994 26,499 20,509 23,920 30,659 21,197 21,041 22,069 27,206 20,280 15,974 17,014 35,194 23,816 24,502 24,375 25,834 23,067 21,715 17,680 18,720 27,706 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.7 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.0 40.0 547 674 637 675 694 449 865 660 977 759 817 716 591 733 761 490 596 621 644 496 583 466 520 651 622 651 725 412 931 662 1,088 779 775 608 559 700 740 459 597 656 602 464 600 390 2,055 2,065 2,093 2,080 1,991 1,911 1,888 2,078 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,118 2,080 2,080 1,996 2,080 2,080 2,058 2,080 2,080 28,123 34,716 33,144 35,115 34,551 21,471 40,833 34,304 50,778 39,484 42,480 37,231 30,706 38,103 39,577 25,497 29,726 32,294 33,476 25,509 30,339 24,256 26,874 33,779 32,365 33,862 37,710 21,341 48,402 34,445 56,576 40,498 40,310 31,637 29,078 36,400 38,480 23,878 31,054 34,112 31,283 24,024 31,200 20,280 40.0 39.9 40.1 40.0 40.0 40.6 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 510 559 421 580 351 424 435 610 527 440 506 517 412 579 341 368 424 690 496 362 2,080 2,037 2,002 2,080 2,080 2,110 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,080 26,532 28,539 21,038 30,186 18,264 22,052 22,635 31,740 27,381 22,900 26,291 26,618 21,424 30,118 17,722 19,110 22,027 35,880 25,792 18,824 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Weekly earnings Annual earnings Median Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All industries Occupation3 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors (-Continued) Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Welders and cutters .............................................. Assemblers ........................................................... Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Production testers ................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Bus drivers ............................................................ Crane and tower operators ................................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Guards and police except public service .............. Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Personal service occupations ................................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ Mean weekly hours4 Mean Median Mean annual hours 40.1 40.0 40.1 40.7 40.0 40.0 39.6 39.9 37.0 40.0 40.2 40.0 40.0 $491 637 488 503 492 441 606 646 563 743 506 422 387 $482 539 420 572 450 407 602 651 666 779 468 400 362 2,040 2,080 2,084 2,116 2,080 2,080 1,998 2,070 1,720 1,276 2,088 2,074 2,080 $25,000 33,112 25,399 26,163 25,601 22,950 30,525 33,517 26,167 23,702 26,336 21,873 20,115 $25,064 28,038 21,840 29,744 23,379 21,174 30,888 33,363 28,392 34,549 24,336 20,800 18,803 39.6 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.9 552 644 358 431 334 411 386 405 527 627 368 425 308 397 382 442 2,059 2,080 2,080 2,058 2,080 2,080 2,080 2,074 28,692 33,511 18,616 22,176 17,355 21,358 20,074 21,066 27,394 32,614 19,136 22,048 16,016 20,634 19,864 22,963 39.5 41.5 45.3 40.0 40.0 39.1 423 592 701 737 342 312 363 627 668 707 300 310 2,037 2,156 2,356 2,080 2,080 1,996 21,825 30,760 36,453 38,348 17,802 15,940 18,720 32,614 34,736 36,754 15,600 15,113 41.1 38.0 38.8 39.0 39.5 39.7 39.4 39.6 41.1 37.8 39.8 35.3 39.8 508 124 333 313 354 399 327 386 489 269 395 463 458 528 85 320 284 330 373 310 357 469 250 360 428 431 2,096 1,973 2,016 1,907 2,053 2,062 2,048 2,058 2,139 1,965 2,065 1,757 1,985 25,856 6,459 17,306 15,285 18,376 20,732 17,007 20,057 25,412 14,001 20,497 23,069 22,807 27,477 4,430 16,640 14,768 17,160 19,282 16,120 18,554 24,398 13,000 18,720 22,131 22,422 1 Earnings are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where Weekly earnings Annual earnings Mean Median a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 18 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $15.80 15.91 $15.17 15.26 $18.71 18.72 $16.76 16.74 $8.83 9.20 White-collar occupations ................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... 18.96 6.65 8.17 9.49 11.18 13.95 15.28 18.85 20.75 23.83 28.70 31.31 38.21 49.25 70.56 21.54 19.56 7.69 8.12 9.87 11.60 13.79 14.71 18.51 20.65 23.82 28.30 30.76 38.16 49.25 70.56 21.78 18.31 6.64 8.04 9.13 10.88 13.41 15.64 18.32 20.04 22.07 28.82 31.14 38.51 50.27 72.30 21.45 18.99 7.97 7.98 9.55 11.30 13.07 14.96 17.81 19.71 22.01 28.38 30.51 38.46 50.27 72.30 21.71 21.48 6.77 8.76 12.13 12.82 16.77 13.72 20.64 22.39 26.81 27.75 32.66 36.67 43.96 – 22.45 21.50 6.77 8.76 11.97 12.82 16.77 13.73 20.64 22.49 26.81 27.75 32.66 36.67 43.96 – 22.45 19.96 8.32 8.84 9.83 11.49 14.20 15.44 18.94 20.75 24.12 28.95 31.58 38.21 48.94 70.56 22.28 20.22 8.43 8.79 10.04 11.77 14.02 14.82 18.59 20.64 24.12 28.56 31.01 38.16 48.94 70.56 22.10 10.84 6.18 7.08 7.76 8.51 12.04 13.57 16.11 20.79 19.03 – 25.67 – – – 10.01 12.62 6.46 7.03 8.60 9.73 12.26 13.57 16.11 20.70 19.03 – 25.67 – – – 11.85 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Teachers, college and university .............................. 22.24 23.91 14.81 14.83 20.80 21.56 25.07 23.09 29.69 35.11 47.20 20.42 27.26 26.02 23.23 31.04 43.19 27.47 24.27 30.85 33.56 28.73 21.17 19.49 19.64 20.50 24.73 18.97 34.84 21.00 22.72 10.75 14.59 18.71 19.71 22.16 23.34 29.75 34.89 47.85 19.76 27.26 25.97 23.60 31.04 43.19 27.75 24.28 30.85 33.56 – 21.26 19.49 19.55 20.59 24.73 18.97 33.44 25.28 26.21 17.48 15.69 26.78 24.75 28.05 22.07 29.07 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.88 – – 19.37 – – – 22.73 24.50 15.60 15.24 20.91 21.60 25.62 23.09 30.08 35.11 46.63 20.47 27.26 26.02 23.23 31.04 43.19 27.47 24.27 30.86 33.56 28.73 21.21 19.27 19.50 20.96 – 18.97 35.62 17.38 18.28 13.01 12.94 17.85 21.30 18.99 – 25.67 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 20.99 22.52 20.18 18.75 – – – Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 19 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers 4 Occupational group3 and level White-collar occupations (-Continued) Teachers, college and university (-Continued) Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Teachers, except college and university .................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, religious, and recreation workers .................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Technical occupations .................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Management related occupations ............................ Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Sales occupations ............................................................ Level 1 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 20 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $35.29 42.26 26.07 17.23 11.68 28.28 26.84 28.39 21.11 23.87 21.58 27.04 15.88 14.33 16.44 17.01 – $34.72 – 14.86 – 10.22 17.36 – – 18.01 – – – 14.36 – 14.03 16.20 – – – $28.66 22.33 – 33.67 27.86 29.74 24.51 – 21.58 – 16.61 – – – – $35.29 42.26 27.96 – – 29.38 26.56 29.19 21.36 23.36 21.58 27.04 15.99 – 16.44 17.01 – – – $15.35 12.52 13.31 – – 19.03 19.53 – – – – – – – – 17.38 12.88 18.16 16.59 16.67 12.07 13.77 14.29 18.29 20.03 19.52 15.79 27.54 14.69 16.02 17.04 19.04 21.59 27.22 31.92 39.60 52.28 72.42 36.91 31.41 16.09 17.81 21.65 27.22 32.40 39.69 52.28 72.42 36.80 20.07 15.61 16.67 17.29 19.98 21.46 27.22 27.32 14.06 6.22 17.34 12.88 18.22 16.40 16.72 12.07 13.78 14.76 18.63 20.64 – – 28.69 15.76 16.91 17.28 18.82 22.07 26.29 31.39 40.22 53.59 73.72 37.58 32.98 – 18.05 22.21 25.91 31.90 40.38 53.59 73.72 37.70 20.43 15.56 16.75 17.33 19.57 21.74 27.26 27.32 14.04 6.22 – – – – 16.25 – – – 16.78 18.35 – – 22.91 – – 16.48 19.47 19.35 – – 36.73 – – – 25.12 – – 19.19 – – 36.73 – – – 18.58 – – 17.16 – – – – – – 17.44 – 18.16 16.40 16.91 12.11 13.84 14.35 18.46 20.21 19.54 15.79 27.80 15.81 16.02 17.16 19.04 21.62 27.22 31.92 39.60 52.28 72.42 36.91 31.71 16.13 17.81 21.69 27.22 32.40 39.69 52.28 72.42 36.80 20.17 15.61 16.67 17.44 19.98 21.44 27.22 27.32 17.18 – – – – – 13.86 – 12.89 14.01 15.29 – – – 14.43 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.44 – – – – – – – 6.64 6.14 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers 4 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers White-collar occupations (-Continued) Sales occupations (-Continued) Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... $7.10 9.63 14.73 22.35 23.60 21.52 11.56 7.69 8.12 9.85 11.55 13.20 14.15 16.35 22.66 11.41 $6.79 9.63 14.73 22.49 23.60 21.76 11.34 7.97 7.98 9.52 11.19 13.03 14.18 16.18 23.20 10.71 – – – – – – $12.65 6.77 8.77 11.97 12.82 16.60 14.06 16.92 – – $7.65 10.33 15.04 22.35 23.60 21.50 12.05 8.43 8.80 10.01 11.72 13.36 14.17 16.35 22.66 11.72 $6.51 6.49 – – – – 8.03 6.46 7.03 8.56 9.56 – – – – 9.72 Blue-collar occupations ......................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. 13.26 7.89 9.83 12.25 14.07 14.33 15.50 18.37 20.75 26.28 11.34 16.80 10.14 10.24 12.71 14.09 15.61 18.73 26.77 12.27 7.66 8.85 12.44 13.79 13.61 15.48 16.62 15.09 7.66 13.06 14.15 15.71 16.78 18.53 9.69 7.98 10.39 11.46 11.90 13.62 13.11 7.80 9.49 12.20 14.07 14.13 15.44 18.65 20.75 26.33 11.34 17.02 10.14 9.86 12.80 14.09 15.51 19.13 26.83 12.25 7.66 8.85 12.44 13.79 13.61 15.48 16.64 15.02 7.32 9.07 14.28 15.86 16.49 – 9.58 7.88 10.39 11.34 11.74 13.59 15.02 – 14.60 13.01 14.02 15.64 16.17 16.55 – – – 15.40 – – – 14.08 16.17 16.15 – – – – – – – – – 15.27 – 14.60 – – 17.30 – 12.30 – – – – – 13.69 8.29 10.05 12.34 14.13 14.36 15.52 18.37 20.75 26.28 – 16.81 – 10.25 12.71 14.06 15.64 18.73 26.77 12.39 7.78 9.02 12.50 13.79 13.61 15.48 16.62 15.28 7.66 13.22 14.34 15.96 16.96 18.53 10.55 8.68 10.81 11.77 11.97 13.88 7.65 6.98 7.63 10.09 9.68 12.38 – – – – – 13.69 – – – – – – – 6.61 – – – – – – – 11.47 – – – – – – 7.28 7.03 8.02 8.16 – – Service occupations ........................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. 9.53 6.50 7.50 7.96 7.78 6.13 6.88 7.61 13.61 8.74 10.31 10.00 10.71 7.43 8.40 8.21 6.56 5.79 6.19 7.10 Occupational group3 and level See footnotes at end of table. 21 Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers 4 Occupational group3 and level Service occupations (-Continued) Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Protective service occupations ............................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Food service occupations ........................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Health service occupations ..................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Cleaning and building service occupations ............ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Personal service occupations ................................. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $10.64 12.55 15.26 17.47 18.73 14.04 7.04 10.21 12.25 16.02 17.68 6.67 5.98 4.82 5.76 9.00 11.07 8.85 6.28 7.89 8.39 8.92 9.15 7.09 10.27 9.07 10.35 11.41 6.85 5.30 8.74 14.57 $10.26 11.69 13.81 – 17.16 8.43 6.75 – – – – 6.35 5.70 4.35 5.76 8.72 10.79 8.51 6.28 7.89 8.46 8.73 8.60 6.65 10.20 8.50 – 9.98 6.44 5.25 8.34 14.66 $11.29 13.40 – 17.74 19.20 16.03 – – – – 17.67 9.69 9.34 – – – – 11.30 – – – – 10.40 – 10.38 9.68 – 13.76 – – – – $10.77 12.54 15.27 17.66 18.75 14.27 – 10.23 – 16.02 17.90 7.99 7.33 5.55 5.84 9.05 – 8.95 – 8.05 8.49 8.56 9.74 7.52 11.26 9.48 10.34 13.13 – – – 15.04 $9.68 – – – – 10.97 – – – – – 5.49 5.53 4.43 5.63 8.87 – 8.13 – – 7.74 – 7.64 5.97 8.77 – – 6.99 6.52 3.42 8.54 – Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 22 Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: Professional specialty and technical occupations: Professional specialty occupations: Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Level 7 .............................................................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Dietitians ............................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Level 9 .............................................................. Elementary school teachers ................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Substitute teachers ............................................... Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Social workers ...................................................... Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Technical occupations: Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Level 4 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Level 7 .............................................................. Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Level 8 .............................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations: Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. See footnotes at end of table. 23 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $29.49 24.65 25.22 24.09 27.70 28.02 32.68 27.74 23.89 30.91 33.56 36.42 19.83 19.54 19.48 19.75 23.83 15.25 17.03 26.64 15.15 27.94 29.42 28.75 30.23 30.61 25.72 25.55 26.65 27.82 10.45 21.08 21.16 23.87 21.58 15.87 14.41 16.44 17.01 18.96 21.51 $29.49 24.65 25.22 24.09 27.70 28.02 32.68 28.07 23.85 30.91 33.56 36.42 19.83 19.54 19.81 19.37 23.83 15.25 17.03 26.64 – – – – 20.57 20.40 – – 18.99 – – – 18.01 – – 14.36 – 14.03 16.20 18.96 21.51 – – – – – – – – – – – – $19.94 – – 25.17 – – – – – – 32.22 32.31 33.02 – 25.72 25.55 27.90 27.81 – 21.37 24.65 – 21.58 16.61 – – – – – $29.49 24.65 25.22 24.09 27.70 28.02 32.68 27.74 23.89 30.92 33.56 35.09 19.68 19.32 19.27 19.79 – – – – 16.43 28.00 29.91 29.17 30.00 30.61 27.21 27.16 28.96 – – 25.83 21.36 23.36 21.58 15.96 – 16.44 17.01 18.96 21.51 – – – – – – – – – – – – $20.46 22.52 20.34 19.62 – – – – – – 15.80 – – – – – 18.62 – 10.45 – 19.77 – – – – – – – – – 16.58 13.58 12.89 13.51 14.35 14.92 12.76 12.45 17.94 19.97 12.77 14.23 14.40 19.12 16.58 20.52 – 16.58 13.32 12.89 13.51 – 15.73 12.76 14.52 18.31 20.29 12.71 14.23 14.40 19.09 16.06 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17.54 18.34 – – 13.59 12.83 13.44 – 15.40 – – 17.93 19.97 12.77 14.23 14.40 19.51 16.61 20.53 16.62 13.94 13.56 – 13.72 – 13.21 – – – – – – – – 12.86 – 23.90 31.64 – 31.65 23.90 – 26.72 31.90 – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations: (-Continued) Financial managers (-Continued) Level 9 .............................................................. Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Level 12 ............................................................ Administrators, education and related fields ......... Level 12 ............................................................ Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Level 8 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Level 10 ............................................................ Level 11 ............................................................ Level 12 ............................................................ Level 13 ............................................................ Level 14 ............................................................ Not able to be leveled ....................................... Accountants and auditors ..................................... Level 9 .............................................................. Other financial officers .......................................... Level 9 .............................................................. Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Level 6 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Sales occupations: Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Level 8 .............................................................. Advertising and related sales occupations ........... Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ............. Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Level 3 .............................................................. Cashiers ............................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, including clerical: Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Receptionists ........................................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Level 3 .............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 24 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $20.54 31.00 44.84 $20.54 31.00 45.11 – – – $20.73 31.00 44.84 – – – 35.13 41.14 35.00 37.30 30.68 16.47 32.90 19.20 22.95 28.04 32.18 37.61 53.28 77.14 38.71 21.35 24.67 22.77 22.36 35.90 41.14 25.23 – 30.68 27.59 33.78 19.94 23.45 28.04 32.18 37.61 54.67 79.30 40.26 21.50 – 23.36 22.36 – – $38.24 37.66 – – 22.42 – – – – – – – – – – – – 35.13 41.14 35.00 37.30 30.68 16.47 32.91 19.20 22.95 28.04 32.18 37.61 53.28 77.14 38.71 21.35 24.67 22.77 22.36 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17.86 16.83 21.54 20.69 18.58 15.57 19.07 17.43 16.05 21.54 20.69 18.44 15.57 – 18.91 – – – – – – 18.15 17.29 21.62 20.69 18.51 15.57 – – – – – – – – 16.99 20.07 13.72 19.22 17.01 20.71 13.73 19.22 – – – – 17.63 20.07 – 19.22 – – – – 31.19 15.80 9.80 6.90 7.94 6.38 7.06 31.19 15.80 9.80 6.90 7.81 6.38 6.63 – – – – – – – 31.19 15.80 – – 11.29 – 7.32 16.05 15.25 – 16.05 16.89 13.47 13.00 8.23 10.84 11.56 13.62 14.03 16.58 9.83 9.03 9.96 10.10 8.34 16.89 – 13.04 – 10.02 11.31 13.63 14.14 16.64 9.63 9.03 9.68 10.10 8.34 – – 12.88 – – 12.09 – – 16.38 – – – – – 17.08 13.47 13.14 – 10.89 11.67 13.67 14.03 16.58 9.92 9.09 10.15 – – – – $6.42 – 6.46 6.26 6.72 – – – 10.11 – – 10.31 – – – 9.03 – – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level All industries Private industry White-collar occupations: (-Continued) Administrative support occupations, including clerical: (-Continued) Order clerks .......................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... Library clerks ........................................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Telephone operators ............................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Level 2 .............................................................. Dispatchers ........................................................... Production coordinators ........................................ Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Level 3 .............................................................. Stock and inventory clerks .................................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Bank tellers ........................................................... Data entry keyers ................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Teachers’ aides .................................................... Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Not able to be leveled ....................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Not able to be leveled ....................................... $11.60 14.09 9.05 5.99 9.55 10.42 10.55 11.67 11.17 9.91 10.71 12.54 13.40 10.07 9.20 9.19 7.71 7.72 9.44 16.69 12.03 11.38 – 12.64 12.08 9.48 10.22 11.23 10.89 7.94 9.12 11.84 14.14 8.76 9.87 9.08 11.85 12.29 9.41 10.89 13.01 12.67 12.21 15.25 10.56 15.41 15.34 $11.60 13.35 8.95 – – – 10.63 11.67 10.94 9.60 10.71 – 12.33 10.07 9.20 9.19 7.71 7.72 – 16.69 12.03 11.38 – 12.64 12.06 – 10.22 11.23 10.10 8.15 9.10 12.07 11.93 8.76 9.11 9.08 – 12.61 9.83 10.63 13.01 12.67 – 15.25 – 15.40 15.34 Blue-collar occupations: Precision production, craft, and repair occupations: Automobile mechanics ......................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Level 6 .............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Machinery maintenance occupations ................... Millwrights ............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Level 5 .............................................................. Level 6 .............................................................. 15.84 16.04 16.88 17.35 14.05 20.77 11.21 21.63 21.63 16.33 12.21 17.28 15.82 – 17.73 17.36 14.05 20.82 11.05 21.63 21.63 16.13 12.67 17.97 See footnotes at end of table. 25 All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers – – $9.07 6.03 – 10.54 – – 12.86 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.98 – – – – – – – 11.88 9.43 – – – – – – – – – $11.60 14.36 10.95 – – – 10.59 11.67 11.26 9.99 10.71 12.54 13.55 10.33 – – 7.74 7.72 10.08 16.69 12.09 11.52 11.31 12.64 12.80 – – 11.23 11.06 8.03 9.10 11.84 14.14 8.94 9.93 – – 12.80 – 10.93 13.20 13.62 – 15.25 – 15.22 – – – $7.41 5.99 – 8.34 – – – – – – – – 8.51 – – – – – – – – – 9.44 – – – 8.20 – 9.27 – – – 8.14 – 8.84 9.48 9.19 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16.91 – – 15.84 16.04 16.88 17.35 14.05 20.77 11.23 21.63 21.63 16.50 12.68 17.28 – – – – – – – – – – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Blue-collar occupations: (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations: (-Continued) Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. (-Continued) Level 7 .............................................................. Supervisors, construction trades, N.E.C. .............. Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Level 7 .............................................................. Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Level 7 .............................................................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Level 7 .............................................................. Level 9 .............................................................. Tool and die makers ............................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Precision assemblers, metal ................................. Machinists ............................................................. Level 7 .............................................................. Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ............. Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors: Lathe and turning machine operators ................... Punching and stamping press operators .............. Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators .......................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. ................ Level 3 .............................................................. Molding and casting machine operators ............... Level 4 .............................................................. Printing press operators ....................................... Textile sewing machine operators ........................ Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Extruding and forming machine operators ............ Mixing and blending machine operators ............... Painting and paint spraying machine operators ... Level 3 .............................................................. Slicing and cutting machine operators .................. Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Welders and cutters .............................................. Assemblers ........................................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Production testers ................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations: Truck drivers ......................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Level 5 .............................................................. Bus drivers ............................................................ Level 2 .............................................................. Crane and tower operators ................................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. See footnotes at end of table. 26 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $18.97 24.41 18.98 20.42 20.45 17.90 18.76 14.61 17.99 16.74 23.61 19.03 19.03 12.26 14.89 15.56 15.53 16.09 $18.54 – 18.98 21.23 21.26 20.26 22.18 – 17.99 16.74 23.61 19.03 19.03 12.26 14.89 15.56 15.53 15.81 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $18.97 24.41 18.98 20.42 20.45 17.90 18.76 14.76 17.99 16.74 23.61 19.03 19.03 12.26 14.89 15.56 15.53 16.09 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 14.59 11.66 14.59 11.66 – – 14.59 11.66 – – 12.76 13.63 14.01 12.90 10.41 10.72 14.51 8.76 7.63 10.45 10.88 15.26 13.16 12.47 11.01 12.22 8.54 12.95 15.92 11.72 7.23 9.42 15.31 10.86 12.37 12.31 11.34 14.45 11.03 12.76 13.63 14.01 12.90 10.41 10.72 14.51 8.76 7.63 10.45 10.88 15.26 13.16 12.47 11.01 12.14 8.54 12.95 15.92 11.72 7.23 9.42 15.31 10.86 12.37 12.31 11.34 14.45 11.03 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12.76 13.63 14.01 12.90 10.51 10.72 14.51 8.78 – 10.45 10.88 15.26 13.16 12.47 11.01 12.26 8.54 12.95 15.92 12.19 7.40 10.77 15.46 10.86 12.37 12.31 11.34 14.45 11.03 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $6.35 – – – – – – – – – 15.96 14.06 16.79 16.11 14.55 14.60 18.58 12.57 16.01 – 16.90 16.27 – – 18.58 12.57 – – – – $14.60 14.60 – – 16.19 14.06 17.10 16.40 15.21 – 18.58 12.61 – – – – 12.63 – – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Blue-collar occupations: (-Continued) Transportation and material moving occupations: (-Continued) Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators (-Continued) Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers: Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... Level 1 .............................................................. Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Hand packers and packagers ............................... Level 1 .............................................................. Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Service occupations: Protective service occupations: Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Level 7 .............................................................. Guards and police except public service .............. Food service occupations: Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Level 4 .............................................................. Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Cooks ................................................................... Level 3 .............................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Level 1 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Health service occupations: Health aides, except nursing ................................ Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Cleaning and building service occupations: Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers See footnotes at end of table. 27 All industries All industries Private industry State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers $14.44 12.65 $14.44 12.65 – – $14.80 12.65 – – 9.33 9.05 – 9.67 – 13.50 16.11 8.67 8.55 7.16 11.47 10.91 8.18 6.66 10.11 8.81 10.17 11.27 9.37 7.80 9.73 8.00 11.04 13.50 – 8.67 8.52 7.16 11.47 11.05 8.18 6.66 10.11 8.81 10.17 11.27 9.37 7.80 9.28 6.93 11.04 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 13.94 16.11 8.95 10.77 9.48 11.85 11.63 8.34 6.81 10.27 – 10.67 11.27 9.65 – 10.16 8.04 – – – – $6.30 6.05 – – – – 9.76 – – – – – 6.65 – – 15.41 18.21 18.21 8.85 – – – 8.46 $15.41 18.21 18.21 – 15.47 18.44 – 8.56 – – – 10.32 11.89 9.59 4.49 3.01 3.73 2.33 2.94 8.39 7.56 5.99 6.61 6.08 7.41 3.02 7.38 7.43 7.27 12.07 – 4.49 3.01 3.73 2.33 2.94 8.00 7.56 – 6.59 6.08 7.41 3.02 6.84 6.94 6.60 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9.73 – – 12.34 – – 3.27 – – – 8.59 8.18 – – – – – 8.01 8.30 7.63 – – – 2.78 3.65 2.13 – 8.12 – – 6.27 5.95 7.39 3.12 6.84 6.54 6.99 9.89 8.54 10.49 8.23 8.18 8.35 7.87 8.97 8.55 10.16 8.28 8.18 8.43 7.87 12.64 – – – – – – 10.06 8.58 9.81 8.30 8.34 8.46 – 8.82 – – 7.72 – 7.72 – 11.88 11.00 11.88 – – Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All workers4 Occupation3 and level Service occupations: (-Continued) Cleaning and building service occupations: (-Continued) Maids and housemen ........................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Janitors and cleaners ........................................... Level 1 .............................................................. Level 2 .............................................................. Level 3 .............................................................. Level 4 .............................................................. Personal service occupations: Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ Level 1 .............................................................. 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. All industries Private industry $7.15 7.44 9.17 7.04 10.67 9.56 12.25 $7.15 7.44 8.63 6.51 10.90 9.37 – 7.80 9.70 7.42 7.09 7.73 – All industries State and local government Full-time workers Part-time workers – – $10.16 – 10.38 9.68 – $7.13 7.48 9.92 7.52 12.17 10.19 – – – $7.65 5.81 8.77 – – – – – – 11.49 – – 6.16 – Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 28 Table C-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Occupational group2 Full-time workers3 Part-time workers3 Union4 Nonunion4 Time5 Incentive5 All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $16.76 16.74 $8.83 9.20 $16.83 17.00 $15.42 15.48 $15.61 15.80 $19.63 19.58 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. 19.96 20.22 10.84 12.62 20.50 21.45 18.68 19.21 18.76 19.39 22.21 26.54 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support including clerical occupations ...... 22.73 24.50 16.91 27.80 17.18 12.05 17.38 18.28 13.86 14.43 6.64 8.03 26.54 27.80 16.30 21.16 9.84 12.21 21.03 22.59 16.71 27.76 14.59 11.45 22.26 23.91 16.49 26.83 11.28 11.56 – – – 41.63 19.69 – Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 13.69 16.81 12.39 15.28 10.55 7.65 13.69 6.61 11.47 7.28 15.82 17.97 15.68 16.04 12.31 11.26 15.63 10.42 12.95 8.07 13.19 16.71 12.23 14.97 9.62 14.80 19.22 12.78 17.82 – Service occupations ........................................................... 10.71 6.56 13.45 7.60 9.52 – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 5 Time workers’ wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 29 Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers2, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Goods-producing industries4 Occupational group3 All private industries Service-producing industries5 Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Total TransWholeportsale ation and and retail public trade utilities Finance, insurance, and real estate Services All occupations ........................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ................................................ $15.17 15.26 $17.00 16.84 – – – – $16.92 16.75 – – – – – – – – $14.38 14.34 White-collar occupations ....................................................... White-collar excluding sales ................................................. 18.31 18.99 22.49 22.32 – – – – 22.63 22.45 – – – – – – – – 17.22 17.31 Professional specialty and technical occupations ................ Professional specialty occupations ................................... Technical occupations ...................................................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ....... Sales occupations ................................................................ Administrative support, including clerical occupations ......... 21.00 22.72 16.72 28.69 14.04 11.34 22.93 27.27 15.96 31.85 25.95 13.36 – – – – – – – – – – – – 22.99 27.27 15.96 32.05 25.95 13.47 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.51 21.12 14.63 25.94 15.43 10.34 Blue-collar occupations ......................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .............. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .................. Transportation and material moving occupations ................. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......... 13.11 17.02 12.25 15.02 9.58 13.84 18.04 12.49 13.80 11.39 – – – – – – – – – – 13.56 17.52 12.49 13.66 11.07 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 8.55 14.78 6.73 8.39 6.72 Service occupations ............................................................... 7.78 13.03 – – 13.04 – – – – 7.96 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 30 Table C-3. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and establishment employment size, private industry, all workers2, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 100 workers or more All private industry workers 50 - 99 workers All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ $15.17 15.26 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. Occupational group3 Total 100 - 499 workers 500 workers or more $13.24 12.90 $15.72 15.87 $13.89 13.99 $17.85 17.95 18.31 18.99 16.85 17.33 18.66 19.31 17.44 18.43 19.73 19.97 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support, including clerical occupations ..... 21.00 22.72 16.72 28.69 14.04 11.34 16.97 16.78 17.51 32.37 15.60 10.36 21.45 23.41 16.65 27.87 13.04 11.61 19.49 22.60 14.63 28.37 12.74 11.08 22.49 23.75 18.41 27.34 14.14 12.10 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 13.11 17.02 12.25 15.02 9.58 11.86 14.95 9.88 14.13 9.63 13.49 17.89 12.81 15.31 9.57 11.86 16.01 11.28 12.72 9.26 16.05 19.89 16.07 17.96 10.04 Service occupations ........................................................... 7.78 6.25 8.43 7.57 10.07 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 31 Table C-4. Number of workers1 represented by occupational group, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All workers Occupational group2 All industries Private industry State and local government All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 874,466 818,631 704,198 648,718 170,268 169,913 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar excluding sales ............................................. 472,249 416,414 361,336 305,855 110,913 110,558 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Technical occupations .................................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Sales occupations ............................................................ Administrative support including clerical occupations ...... 194,554 154,464 40,090 76,500 55,835 145,360 126,614 90,982 35,632 60,910 55,480 118,331 67,940 63,482 4,458 15,589 – 27,029 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..... 263,742 64,272 103,264 32,451 63,756 243,383 55,830 102,933 23,021 61,599 20,359 8,442 – 9,430 2,157 Service occupations ........................................................... 138,475 99,480 38,996 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 32 Appendix A: Technical Note added, out-of-business and out-of-scope establishments were removed, and addresses, employment levels, industry classification, and other information were updated. This section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the data. While this section answers some questions commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive description of all the steps required to produce the data. Sample design The sample for this survey area was selected using a two stage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a probability proportional to its employment. Use of this technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy which were not selected for collection. See appendix table 1 for a count of establishments in the survey by employment size. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment. Planning for the survey The overall design of the survey, which was based on the type of data to be produced, had to be developed before data collection could begin. Survey scope This survey of the Cleveland-Akron, OH, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area covered establishments employing 50 workers or more in goods-producing industries (mining, construction and manufacturing); serviceproducing industries (transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services industries); and State and local governments. Agriculture, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey an establishment was an economic unit which produces goods or services, a central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment was usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment was defined as all locations of a government entity. The Cleveland-Akron, OH, CMSA includes Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina, Portage, and Summit Counties, OH. Data collection The collection of data from survey respondents required detailed procedures. Collection was the responsibility of the field economists, working out of the Regional Office, who visited each establishment surveyed. Occupational selection and classification Identification of the occupations for which wage data were to be collected was a multi-step process: Sampling frame The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from the State unemployment insurance reports for the ClevelandAkron, OH, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. The reference month for the public sector is June 1994. Due to the volatility of industries within the private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. The reference month for the private sector is June 1996. The sampling frame was reviewed prior to the survey and, when necessary, missing establishments were 1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs. 2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the Census of Population system. 3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time, union v. nonunion, and time v. incentive. 4. Determination of the level of work of each job. For each occupation, wage data were collected for those workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for 33 on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then the worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of Terms” section on the following page for more detail. which a correct classification or level could not be determined. In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling, with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment. As with the selection of establishments, the selection of a job was based on probability proportional to its size in the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of selection. The number of jobs collected in each establishment was based on an establishment’s employment size as shown in the following schedule: Number of employees 50-99 100-249 250-999 1000-2,499 2,500+ Generic leveling through point factor analysis In the last step before wage data were collected, the work level of each selected job was determined using a “generic leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and compares all occupations randomly selected in an establishment using the same criteria. This is a major departure from the method used in the past in the Bureau’s Occupational Compensation Surveys which studied specifically defined occupations with leveling definitions unique to each occupation. For this survey, the level of each occupation in an establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10 leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the U.S. Government Office of Personnel Management’s Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying structure for evaluation of General Schedule Federal employees. The tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts to account for the effect of supervisory duties. It is considered experimental. The 10 factors are: Number of selected jobs 8 10 12 16 20 The second step of the process entailed classifying the selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. The National Compensation Survey occupational classification system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A selected job may fall into any one of about 480 occupational classifications, from accountant to wood lathe operator. In cases where a job’s duties overlapped two or more census classification codes, the duties used to set the wage level were used to classify the job. Classification by primary duties was the fallback. Each occupational classification is an element of a broader classification known as a major occupational group (MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following MOG’s: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Professional specialty and technical Executive, administrative, and managerial Sales Administrative support including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Service occupations Knowledge Supervision received Guidelines Complexity Scope and effect Personal contacts Purpose of contacts Physical demands Work environment Supervisory duties Each factor contains a number of levels and each level has an associated written description and point value. The number and range of points differ among the factors. For each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on which written description best matched the job. Within each occupation, the points for 9 factors (supervisory duties was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total determines the overall level of the occupation. Appendix table 3 presents average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations. A description of the levels for each factor is shown in appendix C. Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar General Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels are shown in appendix D. It also includes an example of a leveled job and a guide to help data users evaluate jobs in their firm. A complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the MOG to which they belong, is contained in appendix B. In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based 34 · Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS researchers using regression techniques. For each of the major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10 generic level factors (and levels within those factors). The analysis showed that several of the generic level factors, most notably knowledge and supervision received, had strong explanatory power for wages. That is, as the levels within a given factor increased, the wages also increased. Detailed research continues in the area. The results of this research will be published by BLS in the future. On-call pay In order to calculate earnings for various time periods (hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules were also collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried workers, exempt from overtime provisions, often work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical number of hours actually worked was collected. Definition of terms Collection period The survey was collected from October 1997 through May 1998. The average payroll reference month was February 1998. For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s practices on the day of collection. Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be full time. Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied, at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales. Earnings Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straighttime hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings: · · · · · Level. A ranking of an occupation based on the requirements of the position. (See the description in the technical note and the example for more details on the leveling process.) Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not meeting the conditions for union coverage (see below). Incentive pay, including commissions, production bonuses, and piece rates Cost-of-living allowances Hazard pay Payments of income deferred due to participation in a salary reduction plan Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight or passengers Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be part-time. Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for the job. Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level of production. The following forms of payments were not considered part of straight-time earnings: · · · · · · Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for working a schedule that varies from the norm, such as night or weekend work Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g., Christmas bonuses, profit-sharing bonuses) Uniform and tool allowances Free room and board Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses given by manufacturers to department store salespeople, referral incentives in real estate) Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation when all of the following conditions are met: · · · 35 A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation. Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations. Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed mutually binding collective bargaining agreement. among establishments differ, estimates of the number of workers obtained from the sample of establishments serve only to indicate the relative importance of the occupational groups studied. Processing and analyzing the data Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s National Office following collection. Data reliability The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically selected probability sample. There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling and nonsampling. Sampling errors occur because observations come only from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error divided by the estimate. Appendix table 2 contains RSE data for selected series in this bulletin. RSE data for all series in this bulletin are available on the Internet web site and by request to the BLS National Office. The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example, suppose table A-1 shows that mean hourly earnings for all workers was $12.79 per hour, and appendix table 2 shows a relative standard error of 3.6 percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is $13.55 to $12.03 ($12.79 plus and minus 1.645 times 3.6 percent times $12.79). If all possible samples were selected to estimate the population value, the interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time. Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in all survey areas will be used in the development of a formal quality assessment process to help compute nonsampling error. Although they were not specifically measured, the nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the extensive training of the field economists who gathered the survey data by personal visit, computer edits of the data, and detailed data review. Weighting and nonresponse Sample weights were calculated for each establishment/occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights were used to aggregate the individual establishment/occupations into the various data series. Of the establishments surveyed, 28.2 percent (representing 236,896 employees) refused to supply information. If data were not provided by a sample member, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of the nonrespondents equals the mean value of the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and nonresponding establishments were classified into these cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells which were additionally defined by major occupation group and job level. Establishments which were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey (3.5 percent of the total sample) had their weights changed to zero. If only partial data were given by a sample establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the response was treated as a refusal. Estimation The wage series in the tables are computed by combining the wages for individual establishment/occupations. Before being combined, individual wage rates are weighted by: number of workers; the sample weight adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation work schedule, varying depending on whether hourly, weekly, or annual rates are being calculated. Not all series that were calculated met the criteria for publication. Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented publishing a series that could have revealed information about a specific establishment. The number of workers estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures 36 Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied by industry division and establishment employment size, and number of establishments represented, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 Number of establishments studied Industry All industries ......................................................... Private industry ................................................. Goods-producing industries .......................... Mining ....................................................... Construction ............................................. Manufacturing ........................................... Service-producing industries ........................ Tranportation and public utilities ............... Wholesale and retail trade ........................ Finance, insurance and real estate .......... Services .................................................... State and local government .............................. Number of establishments represented 100 workers or more Total studied 4,447 4,114 1,337 4 149 1,184 2,776 297 1,224 115 1,141 334 382 335 120 2 9 109 215 16 59 15 125 47 50 - 99 workers 105 101 29 1 7 21 72 5 30 3 34 4 Total 277 234 91 1 2 88 143 11 29 12 91 43 100 - 499 workers 168 150 59 1 2 56 91 5 25 4 57 18 NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately. 37 500 workers or more 109 84 32 – – 32 52 6 4 8 34 25 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 (in percent) Occupation3 All industries Private industry State and local government All occupations ....................................................................... All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.6 2.6 White-collar occupations ................................................... White-collar occupations excluding sales ......................... 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.1 Professional specialty and technical occupations ............ Professional specialty occupations ............................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ....................... Electrical and electronic engineers ....................... Industrial engineers .............................................. Mechanical engineers ........................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ................................................. Mathematical and computer scientists ..................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ........... Natural scientists ...................................................... Health related occupations ....................................... Physicians ............................................................ Registered nurses ................................................ Dietitians ............................................................... Respiratory therapists ........................................... Physical therapists ................................................ Teachers, college and university .............................. Teachers, except college and university .................. Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................ Elementary school teachers ................................. Secondary school teachers .................................. Teachers, special education ................................. Teachers, N.E.C. .................................................. Substitute teachers ............................................... Vocational and educational counselors ................ Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................... Librarians .............................................................. Social scientists and urban planners ........................ Social, recreation, and religious workers .................. Social workers ...................................................... Lawyers and judges .................................................. Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. .......................................... Designers ............................................................. Editors and reporters ............................................ Professional occupations, N.E.C. ......................... Technical occupations .................................................. Radiological technicians ....................................... Licensed practical nurses ..................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ....... Electrical and electronic technicians ..................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ........................... Drafters ................................................................. Computer programmers ....................................... Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .......... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ... Executives, administrators, and managers ............... Administrators and officials, public administration Financial managers .............................................. Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations .......................................................... Administrators, education and related fields ......... Managers, medicine and health ........................... Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ............. Managers and administrators, N.E.C. .................. Management related occupations ............................ Accountants and auditors ..................................... Other financial officers .......................................... 2.1 2.2 2.8 4.1 4.6 7.0 3.9 4.2 4.6 13.9 4.2 27.5 1.3 8.2 1.5 4.4 5.8 4.7 30.2 4.0 4.6 7.2 8.3 12.9 17.2 9.7 9.7 8.2 6.2 6.3 – 2.6 2.7 2.9 4.1 4.6 7.0 3.9 4.4 4.9 – 4.4 27.5 1.2 8.2 1.5 4.4 9.6 12.4 – – 6.5 – 12.6 – – 10.1 10.1 – 4.8 4.8 – 3.7 3.9 – – – – – – – – 13.2 – 12.8 – – – – 3.5 – 2.8 2.3 7.2 8.4 – 17.8 12.2 12.2 – 8.3 8.4 – 5.1 5.6 17.8 6.3 4.7 10.0 2.1 8.7 8.9 13.7 6.8 9.7 5.6 3.3 4.3 22.7 9.1 5.2 5.6 17.8 6.4 5.2 10.0 1.1 7.4 9.2 14.0 6.8 9.9 8.7 3.6 4.6 – 9.1 – – – – 7.5 – – – – – – – 5.1 7.8 10.5 22.7 – 10.1 5.8 14.4 18.9 6.8 3.5 8.0 9.7 10.2 17.2 14.4 16.9 7.1 4.2 8.7 10.4 – 3.1 – – 15.7 4.1 – – See footnotes at end of table. 38 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 All industries Private industry State and local government 3.1 7.7 5.0 6.6 11.2 5.8 11.7 3.6 7.7 6.1 6.6 11.5 5.9 11.7 4.3 – – – – – – White-collar occupations (-Continued) Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations (-Continued) Management related occupations (-Continued) Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ....................................................... Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................ Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............ Sales occupations ............................................................ Supervisors, sales occupations ............................ Advertising and related sales occupations ........... Sales occupations, other business services ......... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale ................................................. Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ............. Sales workers, other commodities ........................ Cashiers ............................................................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ..... Supervisors, general office ................................... Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ............................................... Computer operators .............................................. Secretaries ........................................................... Receptionists ........................................................ Information clerks, N.E.C. ..................................... Order clerks .......................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .... Library clerks ........................................................ Records clerks, N.E.C. ......................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ...... Payroll and timekeeping clerks ............................. Billing clerks .......................................................... Telephone operators ............................................ Mail clerks except postal service .......................... Dispatchers ........................................................... Production coordinators ........................................ Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................... Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators .. Investigators and adjusters except insurance ...... Bill and account collectors .................................... General office clerks ............................................. Bank tellers ........................................................... Data entry keyers ................................................. Teachers’ aides .................................................... Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ......... 11.3 8.8 13.2 12.4 2.2 8.7 11.3 8.8 13.2 12.6 2.5 11.5 – – – – 3.1 – 14.4 7.2 2.6 3.2 10.6 9.4 10.7 5.4 6.2 4.1 6.6 9.3 3.6 4.9 15.5 4.7 6.2 4.7 8.0 5.7 4.3 4.2 6.8 10.9 4.5 14.6 – 3.0 3.0 10.6 9.4 14.9 7.9 6.2 4.6 6.1 9.3 3.6 4.9 – 4.7 6.2 4.7 8.4 5.7 3.7 4.2 7.7 – 4.4 – – 5.3 – – – – 6.4 – 9.2 – – – – – – – – – – 9.1 – – 10.8 11.5 Blue-collar occupations ..................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .......... Automobile mechanics ......................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ....... Industrial machinery repairers .............................. Machinery maintenance occupations ................... Millwrights ............................................................. Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .......................... Supervisors, construction trades, N.E.C. .............. Carpenters ............................................................ Electricians ........................................................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters .................. Construction trades, N.E.C. .................................. Supervisors, production occupations .................... Tool and die makers ............................................. Precision assemblers, metal ................................. Machinists ............................................................. Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ............. 1.8 2.0 3.6 6.3 4.8 12.1 4.0 3.8 9.9 8.1 4.4 9.1 8.6 5.8 6.6 9.1 3.5 6.1 2.0 2.3 5.6 7.5 4.9 12.7 4.0 4.3 – 8.1 4.2 8.9 – 5.8 6.6 9.1 3.5 6.1 3.3 2.8 – – – – – 7.4 – – – – – – – – – – See footnotes at end of table. 39 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations (-Continued) Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. Lathe and turning machine operators ................... Punching and stamping press operators .............. Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators .......................................... Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. ................ Molding and casting machine operators ............... Printing press operators ....................................... Textile sewing machine operators ........................ Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators Packaging and filling machine operators .............. Extruding and forming machine operators ............ Mixing and blending machine operators ............... Painting and paint spraying machine operators ... Slicing and cutting machine operators .................. Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ........... Welders and cutters .............................................. Assemblers ........................................................... Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. Production inspectors, checkers and examiners .. Production testers ................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ............. Truck drivers ......................................................... Bus drivers ............................................................ Crane and tower operators ................................... Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ....... Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. .............................................. Construction laborers ........................................... Production helpers ................................................ Stock handlers and baggers ................................. Machine feeders and offbearers ........................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ....... Hand packers and packagers ............................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ................... Service occupations ........................................................... Protective service occupations ................................. Firefighting occupations ........................................ Police and detectives, public service .................... Guards and police except public service .............. Food service occupations ......................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations .................................................... Bartenders ............................................................ Waiters and waitresses ........................................ Cooks ................................................................... Food counter, fountain, and related occupations Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................ Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................ Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ................. Health service occupations ....................................... Health aides, except nursing ................................ Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............... Cleaning and building service occupations .............. Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers Maids and housemen ........................................... Janitors and cleaners ........................................... See footnotes at end of table. 40 All industries Private industry State and local government 8.8 2.7 7.8 19.9 10.1 2.7 7.8 19.9 – – – – 6.6 7.3 5.5 5.8 5.0 4.5 9.6 6.3 12.4 7.4 12.6 4.8 8.2 5.6 10.8 6.6 17.8 3.4 4.4 2.3 3.6 5.7 3.1 9.6 6.6 7.3 5.5 5.8 5.0 4.5 9.6 6.3 12.4 7.4 12.6 4.8 8.2 5.6 10.8 6.6 17.8 3.9 4.8 – 3.6 5.7 3.1 11.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6.6 – 2.3 – – 4.4 – 10.6 8.7 10.8 5.3 6.9 5.5 8.0 10.4 10.6 – 10.8 5.4 6.9 5.5 8.0 12.5 – – – – – – – – 3.6 7.9 7.3 1.5 11.7 4.6 2.9 10.9 – – 11.7 4.8 5.4 6.0 7.3 1.5 – 4.4 6.1 20.6 10.6 6.0 2.9 5.8 15.1 4.1 2.7 5.3 2.4 5.4 12.2 4.6 6.4 6.9 20.6 10.6 5.9 – 5.9 15.1 2.7 2.3 5.4 2.4 6.4 14.3 4.6 8.0 – – – – – – – 3.1 8.8 2.7 – 6.0 – – 6.3 Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers2, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued (in percent) Occupation3 Service occupations (-Continued) Personal service occupations ................................... Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................... Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................ 1 The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. Hourly earnings for these occupations are presented in Tables A-1 and A-2. Reliable relative standard errors could not be determined for all occupations. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is All industries Private industry State and local government 12.1 8.9 15.8 10.2 7.2 9.6 15.5 – – the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 41 Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 All occupations ................................................................................. All occupations excluding sales ...................................................... 5 5 6 6 3 3 White-collar occupations ............................................................. White-collar occupations excluding sales ................................... 7 7 7 7 5 5 Professional specialty and technical occupations ...................... Professional specialty occupations ......................................... Engineers, architects, and surveyors ................................. Electrical and electronic engineers ................................. Industrial engineers ........................................................ Mechanical engineers ..................................................... Engineers, N.E.C. ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............................... Computer systems analysts and scientists ..................... Natural scientists ................................................................ Health related occupations ................................................. Physicians ...................................................................... Registered nurses .......................................................... Dietitians ......................................................................... Respiratory therapists ..................................................... Physical therapists .......................................................... Teachers, college and university ........................................ Teachers, except college and university ............................ Prekindergarten and kindergarten .................................. Elementary school teachers ........................................... Secondary school teachers ............................................ Teachers, special education ........................................... Teachers, N.E.C. ............................................................ Substitute teachers ......................................................... Vocational and educational counselors .......................... Librarians, archivists, and curators ..................................... Librarians ........................................................................ Social scientists and urban planners .................................. Social, recreation, and religious workers ............................ Social workers ................................................................ Lawyers and judges ............................................................ Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C. ........................................................................... Designers ....................................................................... Editors and reporters ...................................................... Professional occupations, N.E.C. ................................... Technical occupations ............................................................ Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians ........... Radiological technicians ................................................. Licensed practical nurses ............................................... Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. ................. Electrical and electronic technicians ............................... Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ..................................... Drafters ........................................................................... Computer programmers ................................................. Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. .................... Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ............. Executives, administrators, and managers ......................... Administrators and officials, public administration .......... Financial managers ........................................................ Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations Administrators, education and related fields ................... Managers, medicine and health ..................................... Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. ....................... Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ............................ Management related occupations ...................................... Accountants and auditors ............................................... Other financial officers .................................................... Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ........ Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. .......................... Management related occupations, N.E.C. ...................... Sales occupations ...................................................................... Supervisors, sales occupations ...................................... 8 8 10 11 9 10 9 10 10 10 8 13 8 8 6 10 11 8 7 8 8 9 8 6 6 9 9 9 7 7 – 8 9 10 11 9 10 9 10 10 10 8 13 8 – – – 11 8 7 8 9 9 8 – 8 9 9 9 7 7 – 7 7 – – – – – – – – 9 – 8 – – – – 7 – 8 – – 7 6 – 8 8 – – – – 7 7 9 7 6 – 7 6 6 7 5 5 7 6 9 10 9 11 11 11 10 8 11 8 7 8 7 8 8 4 6 7 7 9 7 6 – – 6 6 7 5 5 7 7 10 11 10 11 11 11 10 8 11 8 7 8 7 8 8 6 7 – – – – 6 7 6 6 6 – – – – 6 6 – – – – – – – – 7 – – – – – 2 – See footnotes at end of table. 42 Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 White-collar occupations (-Continued) Sales occupations (-Continued) Advertising and related sales occupations ..................... Sales occupations, other business services ................... Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale .................................................................. Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ....................... Sales workers, other commodities .................................. Cashiers ......................................................................... Administrative support occupations, including clerical ............... Supervisors, general office ............................................. Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ........................................................................ Computer operators ........................................................ Secretaries ..................................................................... Receptionists .................................................................. Information clerks, N.E.C. ............................................... Order clerks .................................................................... Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping .............. Library clerks .................................................................. Records clerks, N.E.C. ................................................... Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ................ Payroll and timekeeping clerks ....................................... Billing clerks .................................................................... Telephone operators ...................................................... Mail clerks except postal service .................................... Dispatchers ..................................................................... Production coordinators .................................................. Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ............................. Stock and inventory clerks .............................................. Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ............ Investigators and adjusters except insurance ................ Bill and account collectors .............................................. General office clerks ....................................................... Bank tellers ..................................................................... Data entry keyers ........................................................... Teachers’ aides .............................................................. Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ................... Blue-collar occupations ............................................................... Precision production, craft, and repair occupations .................... Automobile mechanics ................................................... Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics ................. Industrial machinery repairers ........................................ Machinery maintenance occupations ............................. Millwrights ....................................................................... Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. .................................... Supervisors, construction trades, N.E.C. ........................ Carpenters ...................................................................... Electricians ..................................................................... Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ............................ Construction trades, N.E.C. ............................................ Supervisors, production occupations .............................. Tool and die makers ....................................................... Precision assemblers, metal ........................................... Machinists ....................................................................... Miscellaneous precision workers, N.E.C. ....................... Inspectors, testers, and graders ..................................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................ Lathe and turning machine operators ............................. Punching and stamping press operators ........................ Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators .................................................................. Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C. .......................... Molding and casting machine operators ......................... Printing press operators ................................................. Textile sewing machine operators .................................. Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ........... See footnotes at end of table. 43 6 6 – 6 – – 7 6 4 2 4 6 7 6 – 4 4 6 – – 3 2 3 – 7 5 5 3 4 4 5 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 3 6 4 – 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 7 5 5 2 – 4 5 4 3 4 5 4 – 2 4 6 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 3 – 5 – – 4 3 – – – 2 – – – – 3 – – – – – – 3 – 2 – 2 2 3 4 6 7 6 6 4 7 6 7 6 7 7 4 7 7 6 6 6 5 4 5 3 4 6 7 6 6 4 7 6 7 6 7 7 4 7 7 6 6 6 5 4 5 3 2 4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2 – – 3 4 3 6 3 2 3 4 3 6 2 – – – – – – – Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Cleveland-Akron, OH, February 1998 — Continued All Full-time Part-time workers workers workers Occupation1 Blue-collar occupations (-Continued) Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors (-Continued) Packaging and filling machine operators ........................ Extruding and forming machine operators ...................... Mixing and blending machine operators ......................... Painting and paint spraying machine operators ............. Slicing and cutting machine operators ............................ Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ..................... Welders and cutters ........................................................ Assemblers ..................................................................... Miscellaneous hand working occupations, N.E.C. .......... Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ............ Production testers ........................................................... Transportation and material moving occupations ....................... Truck drivers ................................................................... Bus drivers ...................................................................... Crane and tower operators ............................................. Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ............ Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................ Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm ................. Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, N.E.C. ........................................................ Construction laborers ..................................................... Production helpers .......................................................... Stock handlers and baggers ........................................... Machine feeders and offbearers ..................................... Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. ................. Hand packers and packagers ......................................... Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ............................. Service occupations ..................................................................... Protective service occupations ........................................... Firefighting occupations .................................................. Police and detectives, public service .............................. Guards and police except public service ........................ Food service occupations ................................................... Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations Bartenders ...................................................................... Waiters and waitresses .................................................. Cooks ............................................................................. Food counter, fountain, and related occupations ........... Kitchen workers, food preparation .................................. Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ...................................... Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ........................... Health service occupations ................................................. Health aides, except nursing .......................................... Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ......................... Cleaning and building service occupations ........................ Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers .......... Maids and housemen ..................................................... Janitors and cleaners ..................................................... Personal service occupations ............................................. Early childhood teachers’ assistants .............................. Service occupations, N.E.C.. .......................................... 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. The occupations titled authors, musicians, actors, painters, photographers, dancers, artists, athletes, and legislators cannot be assigned a work level. 3 3 4 3 3 4 5 3 5 4 4 4 4 3 5 3 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 4 5 3 5 4 4 4 4 2 5 3 2 3 – – – – – – – 2 – – – 3 – 3 – – 2 – 6 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 – – – 1 – 1 – 2 3 5 7 7 3 2 5 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 5 2 2 3 3 3 4 6 7 7 3 3 6 – 2 4 – – – 2 3 4 3 2 5 2 2 4 – 4 2 3 – – 3 2 – – 2 3 – 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 – – 2 2 – 2 NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." 44
@FedFRASER