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M oney Disbursements o f W age Earners
and Clerical W orkers in the
N orth A tlantic Region
1934-36
By
F A IT H M . W ILLIAM S
and
ALICE C. H A N S O N
O F T H E B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S
Bulletin 7S[o. 637
VOLUME II—ELEVEN CITIES
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
B U R E A U OF L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
F r a n c e s P e r k i n s , Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
IS A D O R
L U B IN
C om m issioner
S id n e y W . W il c o x
A . F. H in r ic h s
C h ief Statistician
C h ief Econom ist
H u g h S. H a n n a
C hief, E ditorial and Research
S T A F F F O R T H E S T U D Y O F M O N E Y D IS B U R S E M E N T S O F W A G E E A R N E R S A N D C L E R IC A L
W O R K E R S IN C IT IE S O F T H E N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N
F a it h M. W ill ia m s
C h ief
Cost o f L iving D ivision
G e r t r u d e S ch m id t W e iss and A l ic e C. H a n s o n
General Directors of Field Work
A l ic e C. H a n s o n
E d n a D. H o r n e r
Assistant Director of Tabulation
Director of Tabulation
D IR E C T O R S O F F IE L D W O R K
E s t h e r E . N e l s o n , Boston
A u g u s t a G a l s t e r , Buffalo
T w il a N e e l y , Johnstown
G e r t r u d e P r ic e , Lancaster
G e r t r u d e S ch m id t W e is s , assisted by
C. Spencer Platt, Manchester
L e s l ie A. K o e m p e l , Philadelphia
J o s e ph B o b u s , Pittsburgh
M. E il e e n L e a c h , Portland
K a t h r y n H e a t h , Rochester
C a r o l in e W il s o n , Scranton
M. E il e e n L e a c h , Springfield
s u p e r v is o r s of t a b u l a t io n in t h e f ie l d
S a m u e l M. G a h a g e n , A l ic e W. H e r b s t , and B e l l e R a n k in
U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
Frances P erk in s, S ecreta ry
B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S
Isador L u b in , C om m issioner
+
M oney Disbursements o f W ag e Earners
and Clerical W ork ers in the
N orth A tlan tic Region
1 9 3 4 -3 6
By
F A IT H M . W ILLIAM S
and
ALICE C. H A N S O N
o f the Bureau o f Labor Statistics
Bulletin ?<io.
637
Volum e II— Eleven Cities
U N IT E D S T A T E S
G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G OF F IC E
W A S H I N G T O N : 1939
F o r sale b y th e S u p erin ten d en t o f D ocu m en ts, W ash in g ton , D . C.
P rice 75 ce n ts (P aper)
CONTENTS
Page
P reface _________________________________________________________________
I ntroduction_________________________________________________________
P art I. W hite F amilies :
C hapter 1. Income Level and Money Disbursements______________
Current expenditures of each city group as a whole_____________
Food_____________________________________________________
Housing_____________________________________________________
Clothing____________________________________________________
Recreation__________________________________________________
Transportation______________________________________________
Other items_________________________________________________
Family income__________________________________________________
Distribution of expenditures at successive income levels________
Variations in money disbursements__________________________
Income levels and planes of living_____________________________
Size and composition of family____________________________
Planes of living determined by family size as well as income. _
Equivalence between total expenditures and economic
levels_____________________________________________________
Order of expenditures at different economic levels______________
Expenditures at two economic levels______________________
Changes in assets and liabilities________________________________
C hapter 2. Expenditures for Specified Goods______________________
Food____________________________________________________________
Annual food expenditures_________________________________
Food expenditures in 1 week in spring and winter quarters. _
Housing_________________________________________________________
Home ownership____________________________________________
Types of dwellings__________________________________________
Size of homes_______________________________________________
Garages_____________________________________________________
Facilities____________________________________________________
Housing expenditures_____________________________________
Home owners___________________________________________
Renters________________________________________________
Vacation housing_____________________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____________________________
Other items of household operation___________________
Furnishings and equipment______________________________________
Clothing_________________________________________________________
Total expenditure per family for clothing___________________
Clothing expenditures for men and boys_____________________
Clothing expenditures for women and girls___________________
Occupational differences in the clothing expenditures of
adults_____________________________________________________
h i
ix
1
7
7
7
10
11
11
12
12
12
20
25
27
27
29
31
34
37
40
48
48
48
49
54
54
55
55
56
58
60
60
62
62
63
64
64
66
66
67
70
73
IV
CONTENTS
P art I. W hite F amilies— Continued.
C hapter 2— Continued.
Transportation________________________________________________
Recreation____________________________________________________
Personal care__________________________________________________
Medical care__________________________________________________
Formal education______________________________________________
Vocation______________________________________________________
Gifts and contributions to individuals and to the communitywelfare______________________________________________________
Miscellaneous items___________________________________________
C hapter 3. Changing Living Standards in the Post-War Period____
Distribution of current expenditures in 1934-36 as compared
with those in 1917-18_______________________________________
P art II. N egro F amilies :
C hapter 1. Income Level and Money Disbursements_______________
Family income________________________________________________
Size and composition of family____________________________
Current expenditures of each city group as a whole_____________
Distribution of expenditures at successive income levels________
Order of expenditure at different economic levels_______________
Order of expenditures at two economic levels______________
Changes in assets and liabilities__________________________________
C hapter 2. Expenditures for Specified Goods________________________
Food__________________________________________________________
Annual food expenditure___________________________________
Food expenditures in 1 week of the winter quarter___________
Housing_______________________________________________________
Housing facilities__________________________________________
Housing expenditures_____________________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____________________________
Other items of household operation_____________________
Furnishings and equipment______________________________________
Clothing----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total expenditure per family for clothing____________________
Clothing expenditures for men and boys_____________________
Clothing expenditures for women and girls_________________
Other groups of current expenditures___________________________
P art III. T abular Summary __________________________________________
P art IV. A ppendixes :
A ppendix A. Notes on Tabular Summary___________________________
General_________________________________________________________
Economic family____________________________________________
Household__________________________________________________
Net family income or net money income_____________________
Current expenditures________________________________________
Surplus or deficit___________________________________________
Surplus_____________________________________________________
Deficit_____ ________________________________________________
Inheritance_________________________________________________
Total money receipts________________________________________
Total money disbursements_______________________________
Balancing difference_____________________________________
Schedule year_______________________________________________
Averages based on all families_______________________________
Page
74
78
80
80
84
84
85
86
87
87
93
93
95
96
97
98
99
102
105
105
105
107
108
108
110
111
111
111
112
112
113
114
114
118
449
449
449
449
449
450
451
451
451
452
452
452
452
452
453
CONTENTS
P art IV. A ppendixes — C ontinued.
A ppendix A.— Continued.
Notes on individual tables_____________________________________
Local conditions affecting the data_____________________________
Cost of living_____________________________________________
Employment______________________________________________
Sales tax__________________________________________________
Relief_____________________________________________________
Table A. Number of families of two or more persons on
relief in the period covered by the survey when relief
was at a maximum_________________________________
A ppendix B. Scope of the Investigation___________________________
Geographic area covered in cities in North Atlantic region______
Scope of the Nation-wide study________________________________
A ppendix C. Period Covered by the Study________________________
Table B. Period to which data in schedules for cities in the North
Atlantic region apply________________________________________
A ppendix D. Selection of Families to be Interviewed_______________
Method of choosing the sample------------------------------------------------Rules for determining eligibility of families_____________________
A ppendix E. Nativity of the Homemakers in the Families Studied. _
A ppendix F. Field Procedure______________________________________
Interview method of securing data-------------------------------------------Figure B. Schedule facsimile______________________________
Check interviewing____________________________________________
Food check lists for 1 week____________________________________
Weekly records of food consumption___________________________
A ppendix G. Analytical Procedure_________________________________
Income classification__________________________________________
Classification by economic level________________________________
Expenditure unit— food relatives_______________________________
Table C. Relative food expenditures for persons of different
age, sex, and occupation________________________________
Expenditure unit— clothing relatives___________________________
Table D. Relative clothing expenditures for persons of dif
ferent age, sex, and occupation__________________________
Expenditure unit— other items_________________________________
Total expenditure unit_________________________________________
Figure C. Sample code sheet______________________________
Adjustment for contact with families through other member than
chief earner_________________________________________________
Table E. Derivation of adjustment factors for earner
groups__________________________________________________
Table F. Illustration of application of adjustment factors to
schedule data___________________________________________
Table 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
L is t o f T e x t T a b le s in P a r t I
Expenditures for groups of items______________________________
Occupational classification of chiefearners______________________
Sources of family income at successive income levels___________
Items comprising family income_______________________________
Family incomes_______________________________________________
Average unit expenditure at successive income levels----------------Total family expenditure equivalents for families of three differ
ent types at given economic levels-----------------------------------------
V
Page
453
466
466
467
467
467
467
469
469
469
473
473
475
475
480
485
487
487
488
507
507
507
509
509
509
509
510
511
511
514
514
515
516
519
521
9
14
16
20
20
31
33
VI
CONTENTS
Page
Table 8. Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels_________
9. Expenditures in rank order at two different economic levels___
10. Percentage of families having surplus and deficit, and net change
in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive
economic levels_____________________________________________
11. Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at suc
cessive economic levels______________________________________
12. Unit food expenditure at low and high economic levels_________
13. Expenditures for food per capita per week_____________________
14. Proportion of families spending enough to purchase an adequate
diet at minimum cost_______________________________________
15. Average number of persons per room at successive economic
levels_______________________________________________________
16. Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year_______________
17. Housing expenditures_________________________________________
18. Expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration__________________
19. Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic
levels_______________________________________________________
20. Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in
families at successive economic levels, men and boys_________
21. Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in
families at successive economic levels, women and girls_______
22. Expenditures for automobile operation and maintenance for
automobile owners at successiveeconomic levels______________
23. Radio ownership and purchase at successive economic levels____
24. Expenditures for medical care at successive economic levels____
25. Percentage of total expenditures for community welfare and gifts
and contributions going to various items_____________________
26. Percentage change in the cost of goods purchased by wage earners
and clerical workers from the time of the 1917-18 survey to the
time of the 1934^36 survey__________________________________
27. Differences in incomes and current expenditures between the
groups studied in 1917-18 and 1934r-36 in 6 cities____________
28. Distribution of current family expenditures in 1917-18 and
1934-36____________________________________________________
36
39
42
45
49
53
54
57
60
61
64
66
69
71
76
79
82
85
88
89
90
L ist o f F ig u r e s in P a r t I
Figure 1. Sources of family income at successive income levels, Rochester_ _
2. Patterns of family expenditures at successive income levels,
Philadelphia_______________________________________________
3. Relative family expenditures at successive income levels,
Philadelphia________________________________________________
4. Size of family at successive income levels, Manchester__________
5. Distribution of family expenditures at two different economic
levels, Buffalo______________________________________________
6. Changes in assets and liabilities at successive income levels,
Boston____________________________________________________
7. Food expenditures at successive economiclevels, Pittsburgh_____
8. Proportion of families having selected housing facilities at
successive economic levels, Scranton_________________________
9. Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in
families at successive economic levels_______________________
19
22
23
28
35
44
50
59
68
CONTENTS
YII
Page
Figure A. Estimated annual clothing expenditures by persons of different
age, sex, and occupation____________________________________
75
List of Text Tables in Part II
Table 29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
Family incomes______________________________________________
Sources of family income at successive income levels__________
Expenditures for groups of items_____________________________
Average unit expenditure at successive income levels_________
Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels_______
Expenditures in rank order at two different economic levels_____
Percentage of families having surplus and deficit, and net
change in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at suc
cessive economic levels_______________________________________
Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year at
successive economic levels___________________________________
Expenditures for food per capita per week_____________________
Average number of persons per room at successive economic
levels_____________________________________________________
Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year_______________
Housing expenditures____________________
Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different eco
nomic levels_______________________________________________
Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in
families at successive economic levels, men and boys_________
Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in
families at successive economic levels, women and girls_______
Radio ownership and purchase at successive economic levels____
Expenditures for recreation and transportation at two different
economic levels____________________________________________
94
95
97
98
99
100
103
104
105
108
109
110
112
113
114
116
117
List of Figures in Part II
Figure 10. Sources of family income at successive income levels, Phila
delphia___________________________________________________
11. Distribution of family expenditures at two different economic
levels, Pittsburgh_________________________________________
12. Food expenditures at successive economic levels, Pittsburgh____
13. Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in
families at successive economic levels_______________________
94
101
106
115
List of Tables in Tabular Summary
Table 1. Distribution of families, by economic level and income level_____
2. Description of families studied, by economic level______________
Occupation of chief earner.
Family type.
Nativity of homemaker.
Composition of household.
Earnings and income.
3. Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level___________
4. Disposition of money received during schedule year not used
for current expenditure, and funds made available for family
use from sources other than family income in schedule year,
by economic level__________________________________________
120
124
150
163
V III
C O N TEN TS
Page
Table 5. Description of families studied, by income level________________
Occupation of chief earner.
Family type.
Nativity of homemaker.
Composition of household.
Earnings and income.
6. Expenditures for groups of items, by income level______________
7. Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home
during 1 week, by economic level___________________________
8. Annual food expenditures, by economic level__________________
9. Housing facilities, by economic level___________________________
10. Housing expenditures, by economic level______________________
11. Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level___
12. Household operation expenditures other than for fuel, light,
and refrigeration, by economic level_________________________
13. Transportation expenditures, by economic level________________
14. Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by
economic level______________________________________________
15. Recreation expenditures, by economic level____________________
16. Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and con
tributions, and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level. _
17. Clothing expenditures, by economic level______________________
18. Furnishings and equipment expenditures, by economic level____
19. Description of families studied, at three economic levels________
Composition of household.
Earnings and income.
20. Expenditures for groups of items, at three economic levels______
21. Distribution of families of types comparable with those studied in
1917-18, by economic level and income level_________________
22. Description of families of types comparable with those studied in
1917-18, by income level___________________________________
Composition of household.
Earnings and income.
23. Expenditures of families of types comparable with those studied
in 1917-18 for groups of items, by income level____________
24A. Coefficients of variation of money disbursements______________
24B. Coefficients of variation of money disbursements at successive
income levels, Buffalo_____________________________________
25. Expenditures for groups of items estimated from regression
equation___________________________________________________
183
209
222
274
284
294
314
334
344
354
364
374
384
407
411
418
425
428
436
444
444
445
N o te .— For each table in Tabular Summary, except tables 24A, 24B, and 25,
comparable data for Negro families appear immediately following those for white
families.
PREFACE
This bulletin is one of a series of seven which present in detail data
regarding the actual living of the families of wage earners and clerical
workers in 42 cities with populations over 50,000 throughout the
United States. For the North Atlantic area, data for 3,193 white
families in the following cities are presented: Boston, Buffalo, Johns
town, Lancaster, Manchester, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland
(Maine), Rochester, Scranton, and Springfield (Massachusetts).
Because of the importance of their Negro populations, data were also
obtained for 197 Negro families in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.
The data presented include information on the items making up
total family incomes, e. g., earnings, net rents from boarders and lodg
ers, benefit or insurance payments, net returns from property, gifts, or
other sources. There is also presented a break-down of family ex
penditures according to 14 principal categories of consumption, food,
housing, clothing, transportation, etc., together with the quantities
and expenditures for the detailed items making up each of these
totals, and a description of housing facilities. Finally there is an
analysis of the surpluses or deficits experienced by the families in
balancing their money income and outgo for the year. The separate
items of increase or decrease in assets and liabilities which make up
these surpluses or deficits are shown.
The investigations were undertaken for the primary purpose of
revising the weights for the cost of living indexes published currently
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. They have proved useful not only
in yielding the information required for this purpose, but also in making
available the first Nation-wide survey since 1917-19 of how workers’
families live and spend. The data on the actual incomes, expenditures,
and savings of families of wage earners and clerical workers in cities
of the North Atlantic area, one of the principal industrial regions of
the Nation, are here presented for the use of labor groups, employers,
social agencies, economic and marketing analysts, Government agencies
and other persons or agencies for whom these data provide answers to
some of the many questions which arise in present-day industrial and
economic relationships.
Another important byproduct of the investigation is that it makes
possible a comparison of the trends in planes of living of American
workers from 1917 to 1936.
IX
PREFACE
X
The survey in Boston was made in cooperation with the Consumers’
Council of Suffolk County and the Boston Emergency Relief Adminis
tration, and in Springfield with the Economics Department of Mount
Holyoke College, the County Consumers’ Council of Hampden-Hampshire Counties, and the Springfield Emergency Relief Administration.
The investigations in Buffalo and in Portland were made in coopera
tion with the Works Progress Administration. The State of Pennsyl
vania Emergency Relief Board and the Pennsylvania Works Progress
Administration cooperated in the studies in each of the five Pennsyl
vania cities. The survey in Manchester was made in cooperation
with the New Hampshire Minimum Wage Office and the New Hamp
shire Emergency Relief Administration, and in Rochester with the
University of Rochester and the Temporary Emergency Relief
Administration of New York State. The investigation was furthered
by the assistance of many officials in these organizations and from
interested individuals and civic bodies too numerous to be mentioned
here by name. In addition, two groups must be recognized as having
made the study possible: The individual worker who performed the
field collection and office tabulation of the data, often under unfa
vorable conditions, on a high plane of professional responsibility;
and the housewives who laid aside their household tasks long enough
to furnish answers to the detailed questions in the schedules.
In the final analysis and preparation of this report, special contri
butions to problems of method were made by Jerome Cornfield,
William S. Shelton, and Samuel E. Cohen. Mary C. Ruark. was
responsible for the final tabulations. Genevieve B. Wimsatt solved
problems of analysis and prepared portions of the text and appendixes.
Olive T. Kephart and Margaret Sawyer assisted in checking the table
forms and preparation of text and appendixes.
I sador L
u b in
,
Commissioner of Labor Statistics.
M
arch
1939.
Bulletin 7\lo. 637 (Vol. II) o f the
United States Bureau o f Labor Statistics
M oney Disbursements o f W age Earners and Clerical
W ork ers in the N orth A tlantic Region, 1934-36
ELEVEN CITIES
Introduction
This is a study of the levels at which employed wage earners and
clerical workers are living in 11 cities in the North Atlantic region.
It is based on actual family expenditures for goods and services in
1 year. The differences between the averages in the 11 cities reflect
differences in the income levels of the wage-earner and clerical groups
in these communities, in consumption habits, and in family size and
composition, as well as whatever differences there may have been in
the price level. They do not measure differences in living costs as
between communities. No attempt was made in this study of ex
penditures to determine the cost of a previously defined standard of
living by pricing a hypothetical budget.1 The investigators who
participated in the present study were sent, not to stores to price a
predetermined list of goods and services, but to families which were
willing to give the detailed facts concerning their incomes and
expenditures.
Although the primary purpose of the present investigation was to
ascertain the kind of goods and services purchased by workers’ fami
lies, some of the data obtained afford a basis for evaluating the ade
quacy of the living of the workers who cooperated in furnishing infor
mation for the investigation. A detailed comparison has not been
made, however, between the goods currently purchased b y the families
studied and the goods included in budgets estimating the amounts
needed for maintaining healthful family life.
The terms “ level of living” and “ plane of living” have been used to
describe the actual economic status of the families studied. This
actual way of living is distinguished from their “ standard of living,”
1Such a study has recently been completed by the Works Progress Administration, D ivision of Social
Research, in cooperation with the Retail Price Division of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In this survey
prices were obtained in 59 cities covering the cost of items in budgets at two levels. Those budgets com
prised specific quantities of goods and services necessary for a maintenance level and an emergency level
of living for a four-person family of a manual worker. Results of this study are published in a report of the
Works Progress Administration, entitled Intercity Differences in Costs of Living, March 1935, 59 Cities,
by Margaret Loomis Stecker, Washington, D. C., July 1937.
1
2
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
the type of living which they regard as normal and proper, or from a
“ norm of living” established by a group or an agency as adequate or
suitable for certain purposes. The term “ standard of living” is some
times used to mean not only the manner of living regarded as proper
and suitable by the families themselves, but that recommended by a
group or an agency; it is further used to mean the way the families
actually are living. This triple usage has been found to be confusing,
and on that account the use of the term “ standard of living” in this
publication is restricted to its primary meaning as a standard.
“ Planes of living,” the subject of this report, have been distinguished
both from standards of the families themselves and from norms or
budgets set by agencies or groups.
The investigation was confined to the city limits in Buffalo, Lan
caster, Manchester, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Rochester, and Scran
ton. In Boston, Johnstown, Springfield, and Portland, it was found
that such a large proportion of the industrial population lived in the
area immediately outside the city limits that the sample would not be
representative without the inclusion of families living in certain sub
urbs easily accessible to the working centers of the cities in question.2
The data obtained from each family apply to 12 continuous months
within the period 1934-36.3 In Manchester all of the data collected
apply to the schedule year ending August 1934. In Johnstown,
Lancaster, Pittsburgh, and Scranton all of the data apply to the year
ending November 1934, while 89 percent of the data in Philadelphia
applies to that year. In Boston and Springfield all of the data are
for the year ending February 1935, and 92 percent of the figures for
Rochester are for the same period. All of the data in the schedules
collected in Portland and 88 percent in Buffalo pertain to the year
ending February 1936.
The families studied in this investigation were chosen to represent
in cross section the families of employed wage earners and lowersalaried clerical workers in each of these 11 cities covered in the North
Atlantic region. In two of these cities, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh,
where the relative importance of Negroes in the population is con
siderable, Negro families were surveyed.
The families to be interviewed in the investigation were chosen by
a random sampling method from the current lists of employees of
employers also chosen at random. (See appendix D .) Since the
investigation was initiated primarily for the purpose of obtaining new
weights for a cost of living index, and the funds for field work and
analysis were limited, the survey was restricted to the income levels
2See appendix B, p. 469.
3 See appendix C, p. 473, and appendix A, p. 452.
INTRODUCTION
3
most representative of employed wage earners and clerical workers,4
the groups for which the Bureau’s cost of living index is computed.
The following criteria were used in the selection of families: 6
1. At least one wage earner or lower-salaried clerical worker who worked a
minimum of 1,008 hours in 36 weeks, or 28 hours in each of 30 weeks if employed
in a distinctly seasonal industry, such as the clothing and construction industries
(1,008 hours was used as being equivalent to three and a half 8-hour days in each
of 36 weeks).
2. No income from direct relief or work relief at any time in the year covered
by the schedule.6
3. A minimum annual income during the schedule year of $500, of which at
least $300 was earned by one person.
4. No clerical worker in the family who earned over $2,000 in the year covered
by the schedule or $200 in any one month of that year.
5. Not over 25 percent of total income from sources other than earnings (such
as rents, interest, or dividends). Receipts from boarders and lodgers were
treated as earnings.
Family types covered.— The group supplying the material on which
this report is based includes families of all types except single person
families.7 Because of the limitation of funds, the Nation-wide survey
of wage earners and clerical workers was not enlarged to include a
study of the money disbursements of persons living alone, either as
lodgers or as householders.
In addition to covering families including a husband and a wife,
the present investigation also covers incomplete families. For
example, it includes families of brothers and sisters living in the same
household and pooling their incomes, and of widowed mothers and
children. In this respect it differs from the investigation of family
expenditures conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in 1917-19,
which was restricted to families having as a minimum “ a husband and
wife and at least one child, who is not a boarder or lodger.” 8 Since,
* The importance of obtaining data on the consumer purchases of higher-salaried clerical workers, pro
fessional workers, managers and officials, and those in business for themselves was generally recognized.
Early in 1936 the Bureau of Labor Statistics undertook a Study of Consumer Purchases which covers all
income groups, in 32 different cities. Funds were allotted to the project by the Works Progress Adminis
tration. At the same time a coordinated study was undertaken by the Bureau of Home Economics in 66
farm counties, in 140 villages, and in 19 small cities. Both of these investigations were made in cooperation
with the National Resources Committee and the Central Statistical Board. For the cities covered in both
investigations see appendix B, p. 471.
s For more detailed statement of requirements for eligibility, see appendix D, pp. 480-484.
e No figures are available showing the exact number of families on relief at some time during the period
covered by the data. Figures supplied by the Division of Social Research of the Works Progress Adminis
tration make it possible, however, to calculate for each city the ratio of the number of families of two or more
persons on relief in the month of the maximum relief load during the period of the survey to the number of
such families as shown by the census of 1930. This ratio varies from 11.2 percent for Lancaster and Man
Chester to 25.5 percent for Lackawanna County, where Scranton is located. (See appendix A, p. 467.)
7 The study of the living of single individuals presents a separate and distinct problem which will be
covered by the Bureau at a later date. At the request of the Emergency Relief Board in Philadelphia, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics undertook a study of the incomes and money disbursements of employed wage
earners and clerical workers living as single individuals in that city in the year 1934-35. The results of that
investigation will be published in a subsequent report.
8U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Cost of Living in the United States, Bull. No.
357, p. 2,1924.
4
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
according to the 1930 census, families of two persons constituted at
least 26 percent of the families of two or more persons in each of the
seven North Atlantic cities covered in both investigations, the limita
tion of the earlier study was abandoned. Because of the more exten
sive coverage of the present study, special tabulations are presented
to make possible comparisons with the earlier study.9
It should be noted that the plan for the investigation did not provide
for holding constant size of family at each income level.1 In any
0
random sample of the population or of any occupational group, size
of family varies from income level to income level. Since the averages
presented in this report are based upon the actual expenditures of a
random sample of families of the wage-earner and clerical groups,
wherever comparisons are made between the spending of families at
different income levels, these differences in size of family must be taken
into account.
9Approximately half of the families from which data were obtained in 1934-36 were of the types studied in
the 1917-19 investigation. For the white families the proportions are as follows: for Manchester, 46 percent;
Buffalo and Philadelphia, 63 percent; Boston, 56 percent; Portland, 60 percent; Pittsburgh, 62 percent;
and Scranton 66 percent. A special summary of the income and expenditure data from these families is
presented in tables 21,22, and 23 of the Tabular Summary. The types of families contributing to the present
report and not included in the 1917-19 study are as follows: families of man and wife only; man and wife
and other persons over 16 years old; and incomplete families not including a married couple.
1 However, the basic worksheet tabulations have been made in such a way that it will be possible to study
0
separately the details of the expenditures of families of given types, should occasion arise.
Part I.— White Families
5
Chapter 1
Income Level and Money Disbursements
Current Expenditures of Each City Group as a Whole1
The amount and the distribution of current expenditures by the
families of wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers studied
in each of the eleven cities in the North Atlantic region reflect differ
ences in the average incomes of the families cooperating in the investi
gation in those cities, as well as differences in the price level and in the
social customs of the eleven communities. Average current expendi
tures approximated very closely average incomes in each city. The
largest current expenditures of $1,600 were found in Philadelphia,
the largest of the eleven cities, while the smallest, less than $1,200,
occurred in the next to the smallest city, Johnstown.
In spite of the differences in dollar amounts of average current
expenditures between the groups studied in the eleven cities in the
present investigation, the proportion of such amounts allocated
among the various items composing family expenditures is strikingly
similar from city to city, when the data are grouped into averages
for all the families studied in each city.
Food.
The data secured in all the cities show that in spite of the decline
in food prices which occurred between 1925 and 1934, expenditures
for food 2 hold the central place in the spending pattern of moderate
income families. In all the cities studied, it has been found that the
money spent for food accounts for a larger proportion of total current
expenditures than any other item.
1 Throughout the report the term “current expenditures” is used to mean expenditures for ultimate
consumer goods, including relatively durable consumption goods. Interest on money borrowed for family
use has been included in such expenditures, but savings and investments have not. The time and funds
available for the investigation have not made possible the presentation of separate totals distinguishing
expenditures for the more slowly consumed as distinguished from the quickly consumed goods. Indeed,
the data on depreciation rates for relatively durable consumer goods are so fragmentary that it would be
extremely difficult to do so. Expenditures for such durable goods as automobiles, mechanical refrigerators,
and other furnishings and equipment have been classified with expenditures for food and carfare and other
quickly consumed goods as “current expenditures” while money spent for permanent improvements on
owned homes and other real estate or as payment on the principal of mortgages has been classified as savings.
The total cost of consumer goods purchased on credit was included in current expenditures and the amount
of the obligation outstanding at the end of the year was taken into account when computing changes in
liabilities over the 12-month period.
2 including food purchased for home cooking, meals purchased in restaurants, candy, ice cream and
drinks, meals or other refreshments served to guests, meals on vacation and board at school, but not including
gifts of food or value of home produced food.
7
53959°— 39— —2
8
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Among the white families from which figures were obtained in
Boston, Philadelphia, Scranton, and Springfield the proportion spent
for food was on the average almost that found among white families
with comparable incomes in New York City, while the average pro
portion among the white families studied in the remaining cities in
the North Atlantic region was from 2 to 6 percent lower than the
average reported by the New York group. Of the 11 cities under
consideration, the percentage of total expenditure allotted to food
was highest in Philadelphia, averaging 36.3, and lowest in Rochester
where the percentage was 29.6.3 Boston, Scranton, and Springfield
all had average percentages of 35.0 or more, while the proportion of
total expenditure going to food in the remaining cities varied from
31.8 to 34.6. (See table 1.)
Expense incurred in eating meals away from home is an important
factor in increasing the total amount spent for food, and it is signif
icant that the Philadelphia group, with the highest total food expendi
tures, also ranked first among those studied in the 11 cities in the pro
portionate expenditure for food purchased away from home. For
the most part, however, in the remaining cities the correlation between
total amounts spent for food and the proportion of that total allotted
to meals away from home is not close.
Average annual food expenditures among the families studied in
these 11 cities varied from $376 in Johnstown to $580 in Philadelphia.
An analysis of the data shows that the average amount spent per
family is dependent upon income, family size, and the level of food
prices at the time of the investigation. Income is the most important
factor. The Philadelphia group ranked first both as to average
income and average expenditure for food; the Boston group second; the
Springfield group third; the Manchester, Lancaster, Johnstown
groups eighth, tenth, and eleventh, respectively. The level of family
food expenditures is not, however, perfectly correlated with income.
It was also affected by the level of food prices at the period covered
by the survey.
For the eight cities in which the Bureau of Labor Statistics collects
retail food prices, it has been possible to compute the cost of the
Bureau of Home Economics' adequate diet at minimum cost for a
man at moderate work 4 for a period approximating that covered by
the investigation. The cities stand as follows as regards the cost of
this diet for the specified periods:
3Since the schedules in these two cities were taken over exactly the same period of time, the figures are
directly comparable.
4 Stiebeling, H. K., and Ward, M. M.: Diets at four different levels of nutritive value and cost, U. S.
Department of Agriculture, Circular No. 296, Washington, 1933.
9
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
City
Year
Portland____ _ ____
_____
______ _____ ___________ ____ __________
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ ___ _ ___
_ ___
Buffalo_____ __ _
Scranton___ _
_ _____ _ _ _ _ _
__ ____
___ ______ ____ _
Boston______ __________ ___ _ __ ____ _____ ___________ ___ _ _
______ ____ ______
_•
_ ____ _ ___ _______
Philadelphia _______ ___ _
Manchester___ ____ _______ _
___
_____ ____ _
__ _
Pittsburgh__
____
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ____ ____
Rochester
______ ______ _______ ___ _________
1935______
1935
1934
1934
1934_
1933-34 i
1934
1934
Amount
$131
125
122
122
120
117
116
115
1 September 1933 to August 1934.
T a b l e 1 .—
Expenditures for groups of items, 1 year during the period 1 9 3 4- 3 6
Springfield
Scranton
Rochester
Portland
Pittsburgh
Philadelphia
Manchester
Lancaster
Johnstown
Buffalo
Item
Boston
J
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Average annual current expendi
ture for all items___ _________ $1,570 $1,497 $1,182 $1,312 $1,392 $1,602 $1,483 $1,483 $1,510 $1,412 $1,559
Percentage of total annual cur
rent expenditure for—
All item s_____________________
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Food. ______ _____ _______ 35. 8
Clothing__________________
9.8
Housing__________________
20.3
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.
9.0
Other household operation—
3.7
Furnishings and equipment— 2.6
Automobile and motor
cycle — purchase, opera
tion, and m aintenance.. _
2.0
Other transportation_______
3.7
Personal care______________
1.7
3.1
Medical care______________
Recreation_____ . . . ____
4.6
Education________________
.4
Vocation. __ ______ _____
.3
Community welfare_______
1.5
Gifts and contributions to
persons outside the eco
1.1
nomic fam ily____________
.4
Other item s_______________
33. 5
10.3
16.8
8.1
3.5
4.3
7.1
2.1
1.9
3.5
5.3
.3
.3
1.3
1.2
.5
31.8
10.4
17.5
7.3
3.9
4.7
33. 7
34. 6
36. 3
33.1
16.2
9.8
4.0
3.7
13.6
9.6
3.5
4.7
15.4
7.8
4.0
3.8
19.1
6.5
3.7
4.3
5.2
4.0
1.4
5.3
3.5
3.6
4.5
3.2
4.0
5.5
1.9
3.2
5.3
.4
.3
1.4
1.0
1.6
1.1
2.2
1.8
11.2 12.4
2.1
4.8
5.1
.3
.3
2.7
4.1
5.9
.5
0)
1.5
1.7
.3
1.3
.6
1.0
1.9
3.7
5.4
.4
.6
.4
10.6 10.3
2.1
.7
1.8
.2
.3
1.7
.7
33.0
10.4
17.1
9.2
3.8
4.0
5.4
1.4
2.1
3.9
6.0
.7
.1
29.6
35. 6
35.0
20.4
9.1
3.3
3.8
18.6
8.4
3.1
4.2
18.2
8.9
3.3
3.0
6.2
2.8
1.5
1.8
4.8
10.2 11.0 10.3
1.9
1.9
3.6
5.5
.8
1.4
.4
1.5
1.4
1.5
.3
.1
3.8
4.1
.4
.8
2.0
1.2
.7
2.1
1.9
3.8
4.7
.4
.3
1.6
1.3
.4
1 Less than 0.05 percent.
The effect of the relatively high food costs in Scranton at the time
of the survey in that city, along with the heavy work of the men in
the mines there, combined to place Scranton third (with Buffalo) as
regards magnitude of average number of dollars spent for food among
the eight cities. This was true in spite of the fact that Scranton
ranked lowest among these cities as regards income of the families
studied. On the other hand, average food costs were relatively low in
Rochester at the time of the investigation, the average size of the
families studied there was also relatively small, and it ranked eighth
as regards average dollar expenditure for food per family although
fifth of these eight cities as regards income.
Large family expenditures for food, however, do not always mean
large food expenditures per person. The number of mouths to be fed
from the family food supply is an important consideration. When
10
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
family size and composition are taken into account, and the cities
ranked in terms of the amount for food spent per adult male equiva
lent (see appendix G, p. 509), Buffalo (which stood with Rochester at
the bottom of the list in terms of average size of family) ranked highest,
with $170 per adult male equivalent, with Springfield, Boston, and
Philadelphia next, in that order.
The pattern of expenditures among the families studied in Portland,
Maine, appeared distinctly different from that of the white families in
the other 10 cities. Those studied in Portland ranked fourth as to
income, and seventh as regards average amount spent for food per
family and per adult male equivalent, in spite of the fact that food
costs in Portland were higher in the period covered by the survey there
than in any other city (of the eight for which prices are available) at
the period of the investigation.
H o u sin g .
Consistently, for the white families in all of the 11 cities, ex
penditures for housing come next in importance to food. Due to the
varying proportion of families having heat and light included in rental
payments in the several cities, accurate comparison of housing expendi
tures can be made only after the expenditures for housing 5 and for
fuel, light, and refrigeration have been combined. The proportion of
total expenditure allotted to this aspect of family living ranged from
23 percent in Philadelphia and Manchester to 29 in Rochester, the
variations in percentage between cities reflecting not only differences
in size of city and in housing conditions but also differences in the
mean winter temperatures of those cities. 6
When cities are ranked according to the proportion of families hav
ing all of the four following housing facilities: Running hot and cold
water, inside flush toilet, electric light, and gas or electricity for cook
ing, a significant correlation is found between the proportion of house
renters reporting these facilities in each city and their average expendi
tures for rented homes. No such relationship is found between the
proportion of home owners reporting all the specified facilities, and
their average housing expenditures. (See Tabular Summary, table 9.)
C lo th in g .
Clothing expenditures 7 represent the third largest category in the
total expenditures of all the white groups studied in this region.
5 Including rent paid by renting families and the following expenses of home owners: Interest, taxes, assess
ments, insurance, repairs, and refinancing charges, but not paym ent on principal or the cost of permanent
improvements.
®Normal mean temperatures for November, December, January, February, and March are: Boston,
33.4; Buffalo, 29.8; Philadelphia, 37.8; Pittsburgh, 36.0; Rochester, 29.8; Johnstown, 34.7; Lancaster, 36.4;
Portland, 28.7; Scranton, 32.2; Springfield, 31.6; and Concord, N. H. (data for Manchester are not avail
able), 27.8. Averages derived from M onthly Weather Review, Supplement No. 25, U. S. Department of
Agriculture.
7Including expenditures for ready-to-wear clothing, accessories, jewelry, dry cleaning, pressing and repair
ing (but not laundry), yard goods and paid help for sewing.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBUKSEMENTS
11
Average expenditures for clothing per family do not vary over so wide
a range as do those for food and housing. There is more than 50
percent difference from the lowest to the highest average expenditures
in the various cities for food and for housing, but average family
clothing expenditures vary from $124 in Johnstown to $170 in Phila
delphia and $172 in Manchester. Except in Manchester, the average
clothing expenditure figures are found to be positively related to the
figures on average income. The unexpectedly high average for the
group studied in Manchester, which ranked first as to average clothing
expenditures though eighth as to income, is at least in part accounted
for by the very large number of gainfully employed workers among
the families studied in this city. At a given income level the men and
women who go out to work spend more for clothes than those who stay
at home. The number of persons working in business or industry at
sometime during the year covered by the schedule averaged 1.86 per
family in Manchester, as compared with 1.19 in Scranton (the city
with the lowest number of gainful workers).
The range in the proportion of total expenditures going to clothes is
considerably narrower than the range in dollar expenditures. The
percentage of the total allotted to clothes varied from 9.8 percent in
Boston to 12.4 in Manchester. In 7 of the 11 cities, the clothing per
centage varied from 10.2 to 10.6 percent.
Recreation.
The types of expenditure which are classified for purposes of this
study under the heading of “recreation” average about 5 percent of
total expenditure and rank fourth in importance among the group
expenditures in Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, M an
chester, and Lancaster, and fifth in importance in the remaining cities.
In the “recreation” group 8 there have been included, among other
items, expenditures for amusements by families of all tastes, covering
such items as newspapers, magazines, and books other than formal
school books, paid admissions, radios, sports equipment, and care of
pets. Expenditures for tobacco constituted the bulk of those classed
under this heading in each of the 11 cities.
T runsportation.
In Buffalo, Johnstown, Rochester, and Springfield, sums paid out
for automobile and motorcycle purchase, operation, and maintenance,
constituted the fourth largest item of family expenditure. In Buffalo,
the proportion of total expenditures allotted, on the average, to autos A considerable proportion of expenditures classified under other categories are properly chargeable to
recreation and leisure time activity, but it is difficult if not impossible to estimate the proper break-downs.
Thus under “housing,” the item “rent on vacation or trips” is really recreational in character. It is hardly
possible to calculate which portion of total transportation expenditures were for family pleasure and which
for business. Likewise food served to guests can with difficulty be separated in cost from food consumed by
the family. Clothing purchased for active sportswear has been classed as clothing expense.
12
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
mobile transportation was highest for any city covered in this region,
at about 7 percent. It was lowest in Boston, where only 2 percent
of total expenditures were so spent. Expenditure for automobiles
and motorcycles (principally the former) ranked seventh among all
group expenditures in Scranton, eighth in Philadelphia, ninth in
Boston, sixth in Lancaster, and fifth in the other cities except in
Springfield where it took fourth place. In every city studied in the
North Atlantic region except Boston and Philadelphia, both of which
possess rapid and relatively cheap subway lines from the city center
to outlying suburban districts, expenditures for automobiles and
motorcycles exceeded those for all other forms of transportation.
As noted in the preceding section, a large part of these expendi
tures was undoubtedly for recreational purposes, but it was imprac
ticable to secure from the families surveyed any estimate of the distri
bution of transportation expenditures between the various purposes
they served.
O ther items.
After food, clothing, housing, household operation, recreation, and
transportation expenditures had been met, there was left an average
of around 10 to 20 percent, among the white families in the cities
studied in this region, for all other items of expenditure. From 3
to 5 percent of total expenditures in each of the 11 cities were devoted
to medical care and also to furnishings and equipment. Another 2
percent, approximately, was claimed by personal care. Education,
vocation,9 community welfare, and gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the families made up the balance of average annual
expenditures.
Family Income
The occupations of the chief earners in the 3,193 white families
cooperating in the investigation in these 11 North Atlantic cities were
as diverse as the types of business and industry which, together with
agriculture and forestry, go to make up the economic life of the area.
In each city, the families studied included persons working in man
ufacturing industries, wholesale and retail trade, transportation and
communication, building construction, public employment, hotels and
restaurants, banking and real estate houses, garages, laundries, and
other service establishments, and places of amusement. The manu
facturing industries for which the North Atlantic area is famous— iron
and steel, textiles, and clothing— stand first in the number of employees
drawn from manufacturing industries in the samples studied in this
area.
9 Vocational expenditures include union dues or fees, payments for chauffeurs’ licenses, tools, fees to
employment offices, etc.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
13
Among the various lines of manufacturing, the preparation of iron
and steel and manufacture of finished products made from these met
als contributed the largest number of sample names in 5 of the 11
cities (Boston, Buffalo, Johnstown, Pittsburgh, and Springfield).
Johnstown and Pittsburgh particularly are known for the importance
of iron and steel works to the economic life of the community. In
Manchester, the predominant manufacturing industry was the textile,
with one large plant providing employment for the major portion of
the city’s population, women as well as men, many of whom were of
French-Canadian extraction. In Rochester, employees of the men’s
clothing industry were first and makers of cameras and instruments
second in the number of workers contributed to the sample of fam
ilies drawn from manufacturing. This latter industry, especially, uses
a high proportion of skilled workers. In Portland, Maine, food man
ufacturing (primarily the canning of sea food for which New England
is famous) contributed more employees to the sample than any other
manufacturing industry.
In Philadelphia, Scranton, and Lancaster, the textile industry was
first and iron and steel second in the number of employees contributed
to the sample from manufacturing.
Among other lines of manufacturing which were important in con
tributing names to the samples were shoe factories in Manchester,
Rochester, and Boston; food manufacturing and allied industries in
all 11 cities; printing, publishing, and engraving in 8 cities; chemical
and allied trades in 3; electrical machinery and supplies in 3; lumber
and furniture manufacture in Portland and Lancaster; automobile
industry in Buffalo; and clay, glass, and stone works in Johnstown.
In all of the cities except Scranton, about a third of the families
had a chief earner engaged in manufacturing. In Scranton, noted as
a coal center, families in which the chief earner worked in anthracite
mines were more numerous in the sample than those in which he was
engaged in one of the manufacturing industries. In Johnstown, the
chief earners who were miners were second in importance to those
engaged in manufacturing.
No family in which the chief earner was in domestic service was
included in the investigation, although a family was eligible for
scheduling if subsidiary earners were domestic servants.
Families of wage earners predominate in the samples studied in all
11 cities, comprising between 70 and 88 percent in all except Pitts
burgh, where the proportion was 61 percent. (See table 2.) In each
city except Johnstown, families of semiskilled workers predominated
in the wage-earner group with those of skilled workers next in order.
Families in which the chief earner was an unskilled worker were least
14
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
numerous. In Johnstown, families in which the chief earner was an
unskilled worker were the most numerous, those of semiskilled and
skilled workers being of equal importance.
In a time of full employment, the proportion of unskilled wage
earners drawn in the sample would undoubtedly have been somewhat
larger in all the cities studied. Other reports 1 have shown that such
0
workers have suffered greatly from irregularity of employment and
low earnings in the period since 1929, and that consequently more of
them have been on relief at one time or another. Since the present
study excluded families below certain levels of employment and
income, and families having been on relief during the year prior to the
interview by the field workers, the proportion of clerical workers and
skilled workers is larger than it would have been had the study been
made in 1929.
T able 2. — Occupational classification of chief earners, 1 year during the period
1 9 3 4 -8 6
Buffalo
Johnstown
Lancaster
Manchester
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Portland
Rochester
Scranton
Number of families in survey---
516
450
153
151
146
498
346
153
301
231
248
Number of families in which
chief earner was:
Semiskilled wage earner.
Skilled wage earner______ _
Clerical worker__________ _
Unskilled wage earner. . . . _
196
133
113
74
154
114
113
69
34
33
46
40
65
34
28
24
74
44
18
208
107
115
105
46
40
41
26
135
63
77
26
132
36
49
14
82
10
6
8
6
6
135
40
Springfield
Item
Boston
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
6
6
6
6
34
The occupation of the family’s chief earner was not found to be
by any means the most important factor in determining the family’s
annual income.1 The number of earners in the family and the
1
number of days each one was employed were quite as significant, if
not more so.
1 For example, Urban Workers on Relief, vol. I, Works Progress Administration, Division of Social
0
Research, Research Monograph IV, 1936.
1 An “economic family” as defined for this study consists of two or more persons living together and
1
sharing their economic resources. In most cases, the members of an economic family were related by ties
of blood, marriage, or adoption, but in some cases, an unrelated person was found to share income and
family living. Persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption were not treated as members of the eco
nomic family if they lived in the household as boarders and kept their funds separate from family funds,
unless they gave a complete record of their incomes and expenditures. Persons who were members of the
economic family for an entire year were not necessarily members of the household for the year. A member
supported by the family in school, college, or hospital for all or part of the year, or a member working away
for that period would be treated as a member of the economic family but not of the household for the entire
year. In computing the number of persons who were part of the economic family for a year, the number
of weeks each member had shared his income with the family was listed, the numbers summed, and the
total divided by 62. This procedure yielded the number of equivalent persons who had made up the family
lor 1 year.
15
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
The range of money incomes was from $500,1 the lower limit set by
2
the plan of the investigation, to $5,812 received by one family drawn
in the random sample in Philadelphia. The highest income covered
in the other cities surveyed was as follows:
P ittsb u rgh
_ _ $ 5 ,7 2 8
.
M anchester ____. 4, 5 7 4
Springfield- _
. 4 ,3 1 6
B oston
4, 3 0 0
R och ester. 4 ,2 7 6
L a n ca ster.
P o rtlan d _
B uffalo
Scranton _
Joh n stow n
$4, 1 86
3 ,8 9 8
3 ,4 6 8
3 ,3 8 0
2 ,7 6 4
In each city these maximum incomes were reported by families in
which several persons contributed to the family purse. For example,
in Philadelphia, the family having an annual income of $5,812 was
made up of five persons, four of whom contributed their earnings to
the common fund. The father and mother were 61 years old. The
father was employed as a compositor in a paper and printing establish
ment, one daughter was a telegraph operator, another daughter was
a stenographer in a banking and insurance company, and a son-inlaw was a clerk employed in a local government agency. On the
whole, the families with maximum annual incomes in the other cities
had fewer earners, averaging 3.8 earners per family.
The relationship between family income and number of contributors
to the family purse suggested by the foregoing examples is confirmed
by other data from the investigation.
Average earnings of the chief earner at the lowest income level
(i. e., families receiving from $500 to $900) varied from $667 to $770
in the 11 cities. It will be seen from table 3 that, on the average,
the proportion of total family income represented by the earnings of
the chief earners decreased with rise in income level. This decline
was accounted for by the sharp increase in earnings of subsidiary
earners among families with larger incomes, as there was no regular
change in the proportion of total income coming from all sources
other than earnings at different income levels. The average number
of persons reporting employment at any time during the year in
creased from low to high income levels and approached or exceeded
two persons per family for families with incomes over $2,100 in each
of the cities including Rochester and Scranton, where the average
number of earners per family was lower than in any other cities
covered in the region.
1
2 No incomes below $600 were reported for families studied in Boston, and none below $700 in Buffalo
and Springfield.
16
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 3. — Sources of fam ily income at successive income levels, 1 year during the
period 19SIr~S6
[W hite families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Income group
Average
Number of net money
families
income 1
Average
number of
gainful
workers
per fam ily2
Percentage of income from—
Earnings
of chief
earner
Earnings
Other
of subsidi
ary earners3 sources 4
BO STO N
All families. __ ______ ________
Families with annual net
income of—
$600 to $900 6_____________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 to $2,700___________
$2,700 and over___________
516
$1, 571
1.36
82.9
10.9
6.2
30
786
1,064
1,354
1,643
1,907
2, 226
2, 529
3,158
1.24
1.16
1 21
.
1.39
1. 31
1.54
96.3
90.9
88.5
84.7
3.7
3.0
5.9
9.2
8.4
11
0
117
112
91
33
16
16
2.22
12.6
2.67
75.3
59.7
50.1
30.7
44.5
0
6.1
5.6
6.1
4.8
12.1
86.8
9.6
5.4
B U FFA L O
All families_________________
450.
$1, 496
1.24
89.7
6.4
3.9
Families, with annual net
income of—
$600 to $900 3_____________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 and over_ _ ____ _
19
97
809
1,070
1,339
1,626
1,919
2,242
2, 678
1 21
.
1.14
1.17
1.30
1.27
1.72
1.60
95.2
93.3
94.2
89.8
89.2
72.2
74.6
3.1
120
3.1
6.4
6.3
22.3
21.2
1.7
4.5
2.7
3.8
4.5
5.5
4.2
105
81
18
1
0
2.2
JO H N STO W N
All f a m i l i e s . ______ _______
153
$1,188
1.34
86.8
7.9
5.3
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 and over-----------
38
49
33
1,020
765
1.52
1.14
1. 23
1.48
1.65
87.2
92.5
89.8
81.7
76.8
2.7
6.5
12.7
14.5
8.0
4.8
4.8
3.7
5.6
8.7
20
13
1,320
1,605
2,082
LANCASTER
All families_________________
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 and over___________
151
$1,336
1. 54
77.4
15.7
6.9
22
775
1,051
1, 332
1,635
1,896
2,495
1.22
1.26
1.37
1.97
1. 71
3.12
93.5
87.0
83.5
71.8
69.5
51.9
4.4
5.7
7.6
2.1
22.9
42.0
47
39
18
14
1
1
22.8
7.3
8.9
5.4
7.6
6.1
M A N C H E ST E R
All fa m ilie s__________ ______
146
$1, 405
1.86
70.1
24.1
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 and o v e r __________
16
37
40
26
18
9
740
1,075
1,348
1,610
1,899
2,596
1.27
1. 54
1.83
91.2
77.9
70.6
68.7
70.9
46.4
2.8
13.3
21.8
See fo o tn o te s a t end of table.
1.88
2.07
3. 82
28.9
24.2
49.7
5.8
6.0
8.8
7.6
2.4
4.9
3.9
IN C O M E
T able
LEVEL AND
17
M O N E Y D IS B U R S E M E N T S
3.— Sources of fam ily income at successive income levels, 1 year during the
period 1 9 3 4- 8 6 — Continued
Income group
Number of Average
net money
families
income
Average
number of
gainful
workers
per family
Percentage of income from—
Earnings
of chief
earner
Earnings
of subsidi
ary earners
Other
sources
P H IL A D E L PH IA
All families_______________ __
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 to $2,700___________
$2,700 to $3,000___________
$3,000 to $3,300___________
$3,300 and over_____ ___
498
$1, 601
1.57
76.1
17.7
6.2
35
106
113
777
1,081
1,348
1, 640
1,956
2,311
2,548
2,742
3,037
3, 664
1.37
1.27
1.36
1.55
1.62
2.05
2.19
2. 55
2. 57
3.12
88.4
88.3
84.6
77.1
79.1
63.4
59.5
54.7
60.3
45.7
8.8
6.0
2.8
10.5
16.1
15.4
26.5
26.0
43.1
37.2
51.0
88
82
29
19
8
8
1
0
5.7
4.9
6.8
5.5
10.1
14.5
2.2
2.5
3.3
P IT T S B U R G H
All families______
______
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 and over___________
346
$1, 503
1.26
87.1
6.9
6.0
20
777
1,077
1,351
1 622
,
1,969
2,190
2, 836
1.16
1.18
1.18
1.19
1.38
1. 53
2. 38
95.4
93.0
91.8
89.5
85.8
77.8
55.6
1.7
2.5
2.9
3.8
7.8
12.4
37.9
2.9
4.5
5.3
6.7
6.4
9.8
6.5
71
90
94
42
17
1
2
PO R T L A N D
All families.............. _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Families with annual net
income of—
$600 to $900 5_____________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 and o v e r -----------
153
$1, 505
1.38
86.8
10.4
2.8
1
0
756
1,083
1,336
1,627
1,892
2, 263
3,033
1.19
1.32
1.16
1.44
1.90
3.00
1.10
96.7
94.8
90.4
94.9
87.6
74.7
55.7
3.3
1.7
4.9
3.7
3.5
4.7
1.4
23.5
41.3
3.0
36
41
32
16
1
0
8
10.6
0
1.8
1.8
R O C H E ST ER
All families___ _____ _________
301
$1,502
1. 21
83.9
10.6
5.5
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 to $2,700___________
$2,700 and over__________
17
77
83
45
42
23
7
7
774
1,049
1,355
1,621
1,936
2, 268
2,539
3,107
1.03
1.08
1.08
1.23
1.41
1.49
1.47
91.0
90.2
89.8
85.5
80.0
75.3
78.1
61.2
4.9
7.1
4.7
4.1
2.7
5.5
6.4
See fo o tn o te s a t end of table.
2.20
8.1
14.0
14.5
22.4
34.8
6.0
10.2
- .5
4.0
18
NO RTH
A T L A N T IC
REGION
T able 3. — Sources of fam ily income at successive income levels, 1 year during the
period 1 9 8 4 - 8 6 — Continued
Income group
Average
Number of net money
families
income
Average
number of
gainful
workers
per family
Percentage of income from—
Earnings
of chief
earner
Earnings
of subsidi
ary earners
Other
sources
SC R A N T O N
All families_____________ ____
231
$1, 401
1.19
90.4
6.0
3.6
Families with annual net
income of—
$500 to $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 to $1,800___________
$1,800 to $2,100___________
$2,100 to $2,400___________
$2,400 and o v e r _ ______
_
26
44
69
53
26
748
1,065
1.329
1, 614
1.918
2,117
2,680
1.13
1.18
1.23
1.18
1. 51
2.18
95.7
92.8
95.1
91.6
89.2
69.9
63.0
2.5
5.2
2.3
5.0
5.5
17.0
35.0
1.8
2.0
2.6
8
5
1.10
3.4
5.3
13.1
2.0
SP R IN G F IE L D
All families. _ _________
Families with annual net
income of—
$600 to $900 8____________
$900 to $1,200
_ ____
$1,200 to $1,500
_ _____
$1,500 to $1,800 . . ____
$1,800 to $ 2 ,1 0 0 ___ _____
$2,100 to $2,400 . . _____
$2,400 to $2,700 _________
$2,700 and over______ _ _
248
$1, 566
1.47
81.3
12.9
5.8
7
54
820
1,054
1,362
1,645
1,955
2, 206
2, 534
2, 968
1.71
1.23
1.29
1.43
87.8
92.3
87.8
11.5
3.8
7.8
8.9
18. 2
15.4
41.1
47.9
.7
3. 9
4.4
4.3
5.6
15.3
5.4
4.0
6
6
52
34
22
7
6
1.68
1.68
2.24
2.90
86.8
76.2
69.3
53.5
48.1
1 N et money income is defined in appendix A.
2A gainful worker is defined as a person having had some gainful employment in business or industry or
domestic service at any time during the year. . Some families included persons in domestic service as supple
mentary earners.
3Including net earnings from boarders and lodgers.
4Less business losses and expenses not deductible from earnings of the year covered by the schedule.
8No cases of families receiving less than $600 occurred in the sample.
In view of the criteria used in selecting the families for inclusion in
the study (see p. 3), it is not surprising to find that earnings of indi
viduals (excluding receipts from boarders and lodgers) constituted on
the average from 93.1 to 97.3 percent of total family income in the
various communities (table 4). Net earnings from boarders and
lodgers ranged from $16 in Johnstown to $61 in Boston and in M an
chester. Income from all sources other than earnings ranged from
an average of $21 in Manchester to $54 in Philadelphia, the chief other
sources being rent, interest and dividends, pensions, and insurance
annuities. Average business losses and expenses not deductible from
earnings specified for the year covered by the schedule, but deducted
from the total family income for that year, ranged from less than
50 cents in Pittsburgh to $6 in Portland. Average net money income
per white family studied ranged from almost $1,200 in Johnstown to
$1,601 in Philadelphia (tables 4 and 5). The differences between the
19
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
average income found in the different cities were great enough to
imply a statistically significant difference between them.1
3
Fig. I
SOURCES OF FAMILY INCOME AMONG WAGE EARNERS
AND LO W E R -S A LA R IE D C LERICAL WORKERS
AT SUCCESSIVE INCOME L E V E L S
ROCHESTER, 1 9 3 4 - 1 9 3 5
WHITE FAMILIES
HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS
10
20
INCOME CLASS
0
30
ALL FAMILIES
$600
u Br
nc
$900
$900
UNOER
$1200
$1200
UNOER
$1500
$1500
UNDER
$1800
$1800 A
$2100
$2100
$2400
$2400
unoe° r
OVER
EARNINGS OF
CHIEF EARNER
1
EARNINGS OF SUPPLE
MENTARY EARNERS
INCOME FROM
OTHER SOURCES
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Among the groups studied in all 11 cities, the distribution of the
families at the upper end of the income scale was scattered, and the
middle point in the income distribution was in each city below the
figure representing the arithmetic average. It was the presence of a
few scattered cases of unusually large family incomes (almost in
variably families with several earners) which tended to bring the
average somewhat higher than the income attained or exceeded by
half of the families. (See table 5. For details of income distribution
in each city see Tabular Summary, table 1.)
1 R. A. Fisher’s method for the analysis of variance (discussed on pages 226 and 227 of his Statistical
3
M ethods for Research Workers, 6th ed., London, 1936) was used to test whether the mean incomes obtained
in the several cities differed more than could be expected if successive samples had been drawn at random
from the same population.
20
NO RTH
A T L A N T IC REGION
T able 4.— Items comprising fam ily income, 1 year during the period 1 9 8 4- 3 6
Number of families in survey---
516
450
153
151
146
498
346
153
301
231
Springfield
Scranton
Rochester
Portland
Pittsburgh
Philadelphia
Manchester
Lancaster
Johnstown
Item
Buffalo
Boston ■
J
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
248
Average net money income, total. $1,571 $1,496 $1,188 $1,336 $1,405 $1, 601 $1,503 $1, 505 $1, 502 $1,401 $1, 566
Average earnings from all indi
viduals
__ _____________ 1,474 1,438 1,125 1,244 1,324 1,501 1,412 1,464 1,420 1, 351 1,475
N et earnings from boarders and
31
61
61
47
57
16
48
29
57
20
lodgers________ ______
46
Total income from all other
2
1
31
52
38
45
54
34
sources____ _
__
27
40
22
36
1
1
1 ^ 13
0
8
10
7
19
9
1
1
7
Rent, interest, and dividends
15
Pensions and insurance an
9
1
2
2
4
26
4
5
18
1
0
1
nuities----- . .
18
1
1
1
0
5
5
5
7
5
1
2
Gifts--------- ---. _
6
5
8
1
Miscellaneous sources _--4
13
22
6
1
22
9
6
3
5
Business losses and expenses
-1
-1
-2
-5
-4
-1 (3)
(deduct) i ___________________
-4
-1
-6
—
2
1Business losses and expenses not deductible from earnings specified for the year covered by the schedule,
but paid from the total family income of that year.
2 Less than $0.50.
T able 5 . — Family incomes, 1 year during the period 1 9 3 4- 8 6
146
498
346
153
301
231
$1,503
1,179
1,462
1,738
$1, 505
1,153
1,397
1,713
$1,502
1,115
1, 393
1, 819
$1,496 $1,188 $1,336 $1,405 $1, 601
891 1,009 1,129 1,163
1,196
1,468 1,102 1,233 1,329 1,487
1, 777 1,414 1,537 1,697 1,929
Springfield
151
Scranton
Manchester
153
Rochester
Lancaster
450
Portland
Johnstown
516
Net money income:
Arithmetic average___. _ _ $1, 571
First quartile_____ _____ 1,199
M edian. ________________ 1,508
1,848
Third quartile_................. .
Pittsburgh
Buffalo
Number of families in survey---
Philadelphia
Item
Boston
J
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
248
$1,401 $1, 566
1,117 1 212
,
1, 370 1,485
1,617 1, 829
Distribution of Expenditures at Successive Income Levels
Family expenditures for each one of the major groups of items in
the budget increased with increases in income. The relative increase
differed, however, from one item to another. (See Tabular Summary,
table 6.) The percentages spent for food, and for housing and fuel,
light, and refrigeration combined, were generally smaller at the
higher income levels than at the lower.
On the other hand, the percentage spent for clothing, transportation,
and gifts to persons outside the economic family increased with
increases in income.
In cities of the North Atlantic region, as in other regions, outlays
for personal care tended to take about 1 percent of total expenditures,
regardless of income. Medical care expenditures were extremely irreg
ular in relation to changes in income, for money seemed a less impor-
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
21
tant factor than family size and composition, or exposure to illness.
Contributions to community welfare in the form of income and poll
taxes, gifts to community institutions, etc., received about the same
percentage of total expenditures at highest as at lowest income levels.
The particular circumstance of a given family, its tastes and habits
its experience with unexpected illnesses or other unusual crises, all
may contribute to explain differences in its expenditures in a particular
year from those of another family in the same city, even if they are of
the same size and have the same incomes. In small samples, the
experience of individual families tends at times to produce erratic
movements. Thus, for example, in Johnstown the proportion of total
expenditures going to transportation generally increased from low to
high income levels, but at the $1,800 and over level, the percentage
was distinctly smaller than at the next lower level.
Similar irregularity in the movement of the percentage of total
expenditures going to such items as recreation, furnishings and equip
ment, and contributions to community welfare were noted in many
cities. At the highest incomes, where the sample is smallest, there
were irregularities even in the movement of the percentage of total
expenditures going for food and housing.
The general pattern of expenditure emerges more clearly if the
data are portrayed without regard to these fluctuations that may be
due entirely to the fact that only a small proportion of the workers in
the city could be surveyed.
The pattern is best revealed by curves that cut through these
accidental variations and that approximate the results which would
probably have been obtained had it been possible to schedule every
family in the employed wage-earner and clerical worker groups. Such
an estimate for Philadelphia is presented in figures 2 and 3.
The scale used in figure 2 in graphing patterns of family expendi
tures was chosen to show the absolute importance of the different
items included in the family budget. It shows the concentration of
family funds in expenditures for food, housing, and clothing. The
cluster of lines at the bottom of the chart makes clear the relatively
small sums available for other expenditures after these three essen
tials 1 were paid for. They emphasize the difficulties which families
4
in this group encounter when they meet unexpected emergencies, and
the limited margin with which they buy those commodities and
services which are so important in adding variety to urban life.
The difference in the relative change from one income level to
another in expenditures for goods of different kinds is best illustrated
1
4 It is recognized, of course, that, particularly at the higher income levels, the necessitous character of
every expenditure classified under these headings is not absolutely clear. Thus clothing must meet certain
requirements of style, food is served in ways pleasing to the eye, and housing expenditure may include a por
tion which represents the expense for location in a good neighborhood. Likewise other items of expenditure
are not always clearly optional; thus the expense of streetcar fares or automobile transportation to work must
be met and expenditures for emergency medical care and for taxes cannot be avoided.
22
NO RTH
A T L A N T IC
REGION
Fig. 2
PATTERNS OF FAMILY EXPENDITURES AT SUCCESSIVE
INCOME LE V E LS AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND
LOWER SALARIED C LE R IC A L WORKERS
P H IL A D E L P H IA ,
ANNUAL
EXPENDITURE
/
1 9 3 4 -1 9 3 5
WHITE FAMILIES
ANNUAL
EXPENDITURE
( In Do llars)
tn D o lta rs J
800
700
500
400
300
200
1500
1800
ANNUAL INCOME IN DOLLARS
U. S. B U R E AU OF LAB O R S TA TISTIC S
23
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
Fig. 3
RELATIVE FAMILY EXPENDITURES AT SUCCESSIVE
INCOME LEVELS AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND
LOWER SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS
PHILADELPHIA, 1 9 3 4 -1 9 35
ANNUAL EXPENDITURE
WHITE FAMILIES
(In Dollars)
ANNUAL EXPENDITURE (in
Dollars)
ANNUAL INCOME IN DOLLARS
The slopes of the fines show the percent increase in expenditure corresponding to the percent increase in income. A
slope greater than that o f a 4 5 degree line represents a gain o f ttys specified kind o f expenditure relatively
greater than the gain in income, aslope less than that o f a 4 5 degriSe line represents a gain relatively smaller.
O. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
53959°— 39-
-3
24
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
by the logarithmic scale of figure 3. The curve of housing expendi
tures is the most striking of the series. The marked difference between
the average amount spent for housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration
by the group with incomes from $600 to $900, and by the next higher
income group emphasizes the urgency of the demand for better hous
ing than that secured at the lowest income level for which we have
data. Beyond the $900 to $1,200 group, the relative increase in the
expenditure for housing is not as great as that in expenditure for food.
Other studies have shown that among families of the same size, the
movement in expenditures for food and housing are more nearly
alike. The fact that the larger incomes in the wage-earner and clerical
groups are, as a rule, due to an increase in the number of workers in
the family, inevitably affects the pattern of expenditures for the entire
group at the successive income levels.
Figures presented in table 6 (p. 31) show the irregularity of the in
creases in food expenditures per adult male equivalent with rise in
family income. These figures and the curves in figures 2 and 3 serve
to emphasize the fact that due to the urgency of the wants which go
unsatisfied at the lower income levels, expenditures for food and hous
ing in the wage-earner and clerical group seldom rise above the level
regarded by the group as a satisfactory minimum (taking size and
composition of family into account), while in many cases they fail to
reach that minimum.
In the larger families at the higher income levels, there is especially
noted a tendency to let increases in purchases of other types take prec
edence over increases in housing expenditures. The urgency of
expenditures for clothing is easily understood, not only because of the
number of workers at the higher income levels, but also because
clothing has been found to be one of the most elastic items in the
budget within the income ranges covered in this investigation.
The expansion of expenditures for transportation reflects one of the
most prevalent interests in American life. The relative change in
these expenditures by the Philadelphia families is very similar to that
for clothing after the $900 income level is reached. This relationship
is characteristic of the groups studied in the other large cities in the
East. In the Pacific coast groups studied and in certain others, trans
portation expenditures increased relatively more rapidly than in
Philadelphia, and at the upper income levels equaled or exceeded
family expenditures for clothing.
The relative increase in expenditures for furniture and other house
hold equipment, and in gifts and contributions to individuals, illus
trate the extent to which families below the $1,200 income level in a
large city like Philadelphia are obliged to economize on such items.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
25
V a r ia tio n s in m o n e y d isb u rsem en ts.
For many reasons of taste, habit, or circumstances peculiar to a
given year or a given family situation, the expenditures of a particular
family for a certain item or group of items may deviate considerably
from the average for a large group of families. Thus a family which
experienced a serious illness of the principal earner might be obliged to
incur medical and perhaps hospital expenses, and possibly to defer
purchases of clothing and recreational items and payments on back
debts; a family with a gifted child might make considerable sacrifices
of clothing, transportation, and even food in order to provide special
lessons in the hope of an artistic career for the child; the young
couple recently married will probably spend much more for furniture
and equipment than an older couple with the same income; a family
with dependent relatives must make much larger contributions to
persons outside the economic family than one whose relatives are
more fortunately situated.
In interpreting the average figures presented in this volume, it is
important to keep in mind some idea of the extent of these variations
from the average, and their magnitude for the different main cate
gories of expenditure.
Because of differences of family income and size, as well as for the
reasons cited, the average expenditure of all families covered has
only a limited significance. This is more true for certain categories of
expenditures, where purchases tend to be relatively infrequent and of
large magnitude when they do occur, than for other categories. Data
presented in table 24A of the Tabular Summary show the extent to
which the expenditures of individual families vary from the average
in each city.
Though the measures of variation 1 are not identical from city
6
to city for given categories of expenditure, they are sufficiently similar
to reveal distinct patterns of variation for different types of expendi
tures. There is relatively less variation in food and housing expendi
tures than in any other item of the family budget. The next group of
items, clothing, personal care, recreation, and household operation
other than fuel, light, and refrigeration, are definitely more variable.
Relatively the greatest variability, three or more times as much as for
food expenditures, occurs in expenditures for furnishings and equip
ment, transportation, medical care, gifts and contributions, and mis
cellaneous items. The variability in savings and in deficits, for fami
lies ending the year in such positions respectively, ranks along with
1
5
The measure of variation used, the coefficient of variation, expresses the dispersion about the average of
the individual items which go to make up the average. The measure is in percentage terms, i. e., is independ
ent of the size of the average. For fuller statement, see appendix A, note on tables 24A and 24B, p. 465-466.
In the textual discussion, the terms variation, measure of variation, degree of variation, variability, etc.,
should be understood always to refer to coefficients of variation as set forth in tables 24A and 24B of the
Tabular Summary.
,
26
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
transportation and other items in the third most variable group of
expenditure items.
The very listing of the above groups of items suggests the probable
reasons for the striking differences in variability for certain categories.
Food and housing, major items in the family budget, must be pur
chased regularly by all families and, within the income and occupa
tional range of this study, extremely wide variations are not to be
expected. A t the opposite extreme, many items of furnishings and
equipment are purchased by relatively few families in any one year
and such outlays when made involve comparatively heavy expendi
tures. The great irregularity in transportation expenditures is due in
large part to the material differences in such expenditures of families
with and without automobiles. Medical care expenditures reflect
differences in emergency situations encountered during the year by
individual families.
Even at the same income level, it is hardly to be expected that any
two families will spend their funds in exactly the same way. The
significance of the various averages presented— the extent to which
families tend to conform to the average pattern— is shown by income
levels for the city of Buffalo in table 24B of the Tabular Summary.1
6
For almost every category of expenditure there is less variation in the
expenditures of families in any given income class than there is in the
expenditures of the city group as a whole.
There is a tendency for the variation in expenditures to be less at
the high income levels than at the low 1 for furnishings and equip
7
ment and medical care. The same is somewhat less strikingly true
for clothing. On the other hand, there is no clearly discernible direc
tion of change in variability in expenditures for food, housing, house
hold operation, recreation, gifts and contributions, surplus, or deficit
at higher income levels.
These tendencies agree in general with those found in cities in
other regions for which variations in expenditures by income level were
computed. When the findings for seven cities in different regions are
compared, it is found that there was a significant decrease in variability
at higher income levels in expenditures for clothing, furnishings and
equipment, and medical care. For other items of expenditure and
for surplus and deficit, no significant decline was found. When all
expenditure items for each city were ranked in order of variability
1 Measures of variation for families of separate types, by income level, were computed for families studied
6
in New York City (see B. L. S. Bull. 637, vol. I, Tabular Summary, table 24). Funds were not available for
similar computations for other regions.
1 In part, this is due to the fact that the income bands are proportionately wider at the lower levels. Thus,
7
a $2,400 income is 13 percent higher than a $2,100 income, while a $1,200 income is 33 percent higher than one
of $900. It follows, even if variations in expenditures for clothing were exclusively due to differences in
income, that in terms of percentage there would be less variation in clothing expenditures among families
of $2,100 to $2,400 than among those of $900 to $1,200.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
27
from low to high income levels, in three of the seven cities decreasing
variability was found to be significant.
The higher relative variations in expenditures for several categories
at the lower income levels suggests the close pressure of these narrow
margins of family income. For a low income family, an emergency or
unusual expenditure for medical care, furnishings, or automobile was
apt to mean a sharp corresponding trimming in the others, so that in
dividual families studied spent anywhere from zero to rather large
amounts for some of these items. Their incomes were not large enough
to permit them to allocate their resources regularly from year to year
in about the same proportions for these various family requirements,
but rather they stretched their dollars as best they might.
For the higher income families, on the contrary, the smaller relative
variability in several categories of expenditures indicates that it was
possible for these families to work out a more consistent pattern
of expenditure. Such drastic rearrangements in their budgets were
not required even should an emergency expenditure arise. They
were more nearly able to plan regular replacements of items of clothing
and furnishings, to make regular as well as emergency expenditures
for medical care, and to plan definite expenditure for personal care.
Income Levels and Planes o f Living
Size a n d c om p osition o f fa m ily .
The amount of the family income and the number of persons in the
family are both of importance in determining the way the family
income is spent. It is, therefore, crucial to understand the family
types which predominate at each income level among the families
studied. The average size of the white families drawn in the sample
in each of the 11 cities varied from 3.40 persons in Rochester to 4.30
persons in Johnstown.1 If the investigation had been extended to
8
families on relief, the average size of family would have been somewhat
larger in all the cities except Boston.1
9
In Lancaster, Manchester, and Rochester, half or less than half
of the families studied had no children under 16 years of age.2 In
0
1
8
For 7 of the 11 cities, data are available in the 1930 census which make it possible to calculate the median
size of white families of two or more persons in each city at that date. In 4 of these 7 cities, size of family in
the sample survey was slightly larger than the census median, in 3 slightly smaller. The median size of
families of two or more persons as given by the census are as follows: Boston, 3.75; Buffalo, 3.59; Philadelphia,
3.68; Pittsburgh, 3.74; Rochester, 3.50; Scranton, 3.90; and Springfield, 3.46.
The average size of the families of two or more persons on the relief rolls in these cities in the month
when relief was at the maximum varied from 3.9 persons in Boston and Rochester to 4.9 persons in Johns
town and Scranton (see appendix A, p. 467).
2
0
Of this group without young children, almost half were families consisting of husband and wife only;
over a third were families of husband, wife, sons or daughters, or other family members over 16 years old;
and about a fifth were economic families composed of adults not including a husband and wife. This last
group is made up of a large variety of family types: widows or widowers with children over 16 years old, and
brothers and sisters uniting their economic resources are the most frequent.
28
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Boston, Buffalo, Philadelphia, and Springfield about 40 percent of the
families reported no children under 16.2 In the other cities, about a
1
third of the families included in the sample were without children
under 16.
In each of the 11 samples, the average size of family in the group
with incomes less than $900 was less than that for the sample as a
whole. In 6 of the 11 cities, families in the income bracket under
$900 averaged 2.61 to 3.00 persons.
This smaller family size at the lowest income level among the inde
pendent families covered in the present investigation compared with
F ig . 4
S IZ E OF FAM ILY AMONG WAGE E A R N E R S
AND LOW ER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS
AT SUCCESSIVE INCOM E L E V E L S
MANCHESTER, 1934-1935
WHITE FAMILIES
INCOME CLASS
NUMBER OF PERSONS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
ALL FAMILIES
$600
UNDER
$900
$900
UNDER
$1200
$1200
UNDER
$1500
$1500 u o r
n e $I800
$1800 UNOER $2100
$2100 ** > OVER
*«
m
G A IN F U L W O R K ER S
O THER PERSONS O VER
16 Y E A R S O F AG E
P E R S O N S U N D E R 16
V//yA Y E A R S O F AGE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
the larger size of the families on the relief rolls, emphasizes the diffi
culty of supporting a family with several children without public
assistance in a period when opportunities for employment are limited.
It has already been indicated that among families of wage earners
and clerical workers, increases in family income are largely dependent
on the number of employable persons making up the family group.
2
1
In Boston and Philadelphia, such families were distributed among the family types listed, as follows:
about a third were families of husband and wife only; two-fifths were families including husband, wife,
and sons and daughters or other family members over 16 years of age, and about a fifth were families of adults
not including man and wife. For Buffalo and Springfield, the corresponding proportions were about a
half, a third, and a fifth, respectively.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
29
When the families are sorted by family income, the number of persons
over 16 years of age tends to increase with increases in the total
income. Figure 4 illustrates the situation which is characteristic of
all the groups studied in the North Atlantic region by presenting data
on size of family at different income levels in Manchester and the
tendency toward increases in the number of persons 16 years of age and
over with increases in income.2
2
P la n es o f liv in g d e te r m in e d b y fa m ily si%e as w ell as in com e.
Preliminary study of the variations in the amounts and kinds of
goods purchased by families in different income classes emphasizes the
obvious fact that the plane at which a family lives is determined quite
as much by the number, age, sex, and occupation of the persons
dependent on family incomes as by the size of the income. Since
average size of family is larger at the higher income levels, it is impos
sible to assume that the plane of living is proportional to income.
Furthermore, it is evident that in any one income class there are
included families with very different planes of living, the differences
depending on the composition of the family to be supported with the
given income.
For example, among the 516 families surveyed in Boston there were
112 with incomes ranging from $1,500 to $1,800 and averaging $1,643.
Forty-one of these were families with not more than three persons.
They lived in relative comfort at this income level. In the same
income class there were 71 families of four or more persons in which
expenditures were definitely more restricted, depending on the number
and age of the persons in the family, and in which the plane of living
was necessarily considerably lower than that of the families with only
three or less members.
Since one of the primary purposes of the investigation was to
determine the kind of living available to families at different economic
levels, the detailed analysis of expenditures has been based upon a
classification which takes into account not only the total amount of
money available for family living, but, also, the composition of the
family for which it is spent. The process of classifying families
according to their economic level (see appendix G, pp. 509-516) may
be indicated from the cases of two families, each spending $1,450
during the schedule year. The first family consisted of a man of 40
working as a machine operator; his wife, 38; two sons, aged 15 and 6;
2
2
The change in the number of children under 16 years of age with increase in the income of the family is
less regular. In 3 of the 11 cities, Boston, Johnstown, and Portland, the number of children per family
rose with increase in income to a maximum of more than 1^ children at the $1,200 to $1,500 group and then
declined irregularly. In Buffalo, Lancaster, and Scranton, an average of more than one child per family was
reached at the $1,800 to $2,100 income group and then the average declined. In Manchester, Pittsburgh,
Rochester, and Springfield, families with the largest average number of children appeared at the income
levels over $2,100. On the other hand, in Philadelphia, the largest number of children under 16 years of
age was found among families with incomes under $900.
30
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
and two daughters, aged 12 and 8. In addition, the family was re
sponsible during 6 months for the total support of the wife’s mother,
who lived with them during half the year. This family is regarded
as consisting of 6K equivalent full-time persons. The second family
consists of a man of 27, also a machine operator; his wife, 26; a daugh
ter of 4 years; and an infant son 1% years old. This is a 4-person
family. The first family spent $725 and the smaller family $780 for
all items other than food and clothing. There is not enough informa
tion at present available on the influence of age or sex on these general
types of expenditure to improve upon the assumption that equal
expenditures are incurred for each family member. The per capita
expenditure per equivalent full-time person in the first family was
$112 as against $195 in the second family for all items other than food
and clothing.
In the case of food, studies of customary expenditures and of dietary
needs have been made in sufficient detail to allow for the creation of
scales of expenditure for each age, sex, and activity group in terms of
the customary expenditures of an adult male employed full-time.
The food expenditure scales adopted in this study indicate that the first
family consists of the equivalent of 5.5 adult males in the family for
the full year. This unit will be subsequently referred to in the present
study as a “ food-expenditure unit.” The second family consists of
2.9 food-expenditure units. The first family spent $580 per year for
food, or the equivalent of $105 per food-expenditure unit. The
second family spent $500, which, although a substantially smaller
proportion of its total income, amounted to $172 per food-expenditure
unit.
Finally, in connection with clothing, it has been possible as a result
of this study to derive scales of customary expenditures related to
sex, age, and occupation. If the average expenditures of adult male
wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers between the ages of
21 and 35 inclusive are regarded as equivalent to one clothing expendture unit, it has been found that the larger of the two families contains
4.0 clothing expenditure units while the smaller family contains 2.6.
The first family spent $145 for clothing and the smaller family, $170.
This was an average expenditure per clothing expenditure unit of $36
for the first family and $65 for the second. The economic level of the
first family has been measured by the sum of these three types of unit
expenditure: $105 for food; $36 for clothing; and $112 for all other
items: total for the family, $253 per expenditure unit. The smaller
family which, it will be recalled, had an identical income to spend, has
not been classified with the larger family, but rather with other fami
lies that had an expenditure per unit of more than $400, but less than
$500. In both cases, this means that these particular families are
grouped as regards economic level with families whose incomes may
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
31
be quite different. For example, a widow with one young child,
earning $100 a month, would be grouped with the smaller of the two
families, as would also a very large family with an income of more
than $3,000.
Since family income is so closely related to family composition, it
is important that expenditures be analyzed in relation to number of
expenditure units. This will be more clearly seen from table 6 which
presents data on amounts of unit expenditure at each income level for
white families. The average family expenditure at the highest income
level shown was almost three times that at the lowest, but the unit
expenditure at the highest income level was only about one and onehalf times that at the lowest level.
In subsequent discussions in this bulletin, expenditures will be
analyzed by economic level (see appendix G, pp. 509-516.). The
number of economic levels distinguished for any given city depends on
the number of families which furnished information, and the way in
which they were distributed among the several expenditure-per-unit
groups.
E q u iv a len c e b e tw e e n tota l e x p e n d itu r e s a n d econ om ic levels.
Since most American studies of expenditures have been based upon
differences in expenditure at various income levels, it may be conven
ient to translate the economic levels under discussion into equivalent
total annual expenditures for the two families described above. On
the basis of the scales used in this study, the first family is regarded as
consisting of 5.73 or 5.7 expenditure units, while the second family
consists of 3.36 or approximately 3.4. The $250 economic level for a
family of this size implies total annual expenditures, then, of $1,425
and the $650 level for the same family, total expenditures of $3,705.
The equivalence is shown in table 7.
T a b l e 6.— Average unit expenditure at successive income levels, 1 year during the
period 193 4- 8 6
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Income group
Number
of fam
ilies
Average
Average
Average
Average
size of
unit cloth
total ex
family in penditure unit food
expendi
ing ex
expendi
penditure 2
ture units per family ture 1
Average
Average
amount
unit ex
spent for penditure
other
for all
items per
items
person
BOSTON
$600 to $900 3 _ _ _ ______________
$900 to $1,200_________ _
$1,200 to $1,600_________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400__________
$2,400 to $2,700_________
$2,700 to $3,000_________
$3,000 and over_________
30
101
117
112
91
33
16
6
10
See footnotes at end of table.
2. 63
3. 26
3.48
3. 73
3.93
3. 92
5.03
3.78
5. 52
$883
1,121
1,391
1,620
1,885
2,121
2,393
2,539
3,172
$127
139
156
171
175
187
186
196
191
$27
33
47
51
61
66
64
92
71
$181
169
193
210
239
286
227
380
311
$336
344
400
434
480
541
476
672
575
32
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
6.— Average unit expenditure at successive income levels, year 1 during the
period 1 9 3 4 - 3 6 — C ontinued
BUFFALO
Income group
$600 to $900 3___________
___________
$1,200 to $1,500____ _____
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400 _______
$2,400 and over________
Number
of fam
ilies
Average
Average
Average
size of
total ex
family in penditure unit food
expendi per family expendi
ture
ture units
2. 56
19
2.84
97
$900 to $1,200
120
3.03
105
3. 35
81
3. 57
18
3.46
3.32
10
$829
1,093
1, 361
1,641
1, 870
2,214
2,536
Average
Average
Average
amount
unit ex
unit cloth spent for
penditure
ing ex
other
for all
penditure items per
items
person
$131
154
166
174
181
190
217
$23
41
52
64
67
91
94
$167
188
228
252
270
355
438
$324
385
449
490
524
640
764
$84
91
112
130
125
$21
$34
43
65
51
$113
142
155
251
226
$220
283
312
453
403
$118
134
146
154
164
156
$31
38
50
67
83
74
$160
170
217
250
275
228
$310
345
412
474
524
461
$127
136
140
149
157
148
$44
49
43
59
79
66
$180
171
192
202
243
181
$352
357
378
412
478
396
$111
138
155
170
191
179
192
169
219
218
$23
33
43
53
63
71
82
86
103
101
$104
149
202
222
252
276
292
230
337
304
$239
322
402
449
507
528
566
488
660
635
$109
123
140
153
163
146
155
$24
36
44
51
62
03
75
$134
160
192
239
281
226
311
$27C
32C
380
444
509
469
544
JOHNSTOWN
$500 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,200.__________
$1,200 to $1,500_________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 and over-------- ___
38
49
33
20
13
3.86
3.73
4.18
3.38
4.41
$848
1, 054
1,305
1,531
1,778
LAN CASTER
$500 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,200.__________
$1,200 to $1,500_____ ____
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100-..______
$2,100 and over ----------
22
47
39
18
14
11
2. 89
3.00
3. 20
3. 45
3.44
4. 76
$897
1,035
1, 319
1,635
1,801
2,192
M AN CH ESTER
$500 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,200___________
$1,200 to $1,500_________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 and over _
16
37
40
26
18
9
2.40
3.16
3. 60
3. 76
3. 65
6. 20
$844
1,128
1, 361
1, 550
1,744
2, 454
PHILADELPH IA
$500 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,200___________
$1,200 to $1,500__________
$1,500 to $1,800__________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400__________
$2,400 to $2,700__________
$2,700 to $3,000_________
$3,000 to $3,300____ _____
$3,300 and over--------------
35
106
113
88
82
29
19
8
8
10
3. 71
3. 48
3. 51
3.63
3. 65
4. 36
4. 60
5. 20
4. 55
5.15
$887
1,119
1, 411
1, 630
1,849
2, 300
2, 603
2,540
3,002
3.271
PITTSBURGH
$500 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,200___________
$1,200 to $1,500_________
$1,500 to $1,800__________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400__________
$2,400 and over.._ ---------
20
71
90
94
42
17
12
See footnotes at end of table.
3. 30
3. 57
3. 61
3. 63
3.55
4. 35
4. 59
$890
1,143
1, 372
1, 612
1, 806
2,039
2,497
33
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
T a b l e 6.— Average unit expenditure at successive income levels, 1 year during the
period 1 9 8 4- 8 6 — Continued
PO R T L A N D
Income group
$600 to $9003___________
$900 to $1,200___________
$1,200 to $1,500_________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400_________
$2,400 and over. __ _. _ _
Number
of fam
ilies
10
36
41
32
16
10
8
Average
Average
size of
total ex
family in penditure
expendi per family
ture units
2. 53
3. 41
3. 73
3.13
3. 91
4.17
5. 49
Average
unit food
expendi
ture
$767
1,132
1, 342
1,605
1,652
2, 333
2,823
Average
Average
Average
amount
unit exunit cloth spent for
pepditure
ing ex
other
for all
penditure items per
items
person
$115
127
142
169
141
181
172
$24
34
42
67
53
74
78
$164
172
174
258
225
302
263
$303
332
360
513
423
559
514
$118
139
146
152
162
170
184
204
$37
43
48
57
71
91
83
88
$195
226
252
242
314
385
559
243
$352
408
454
454
550
651
667
591
$130
136
160
171
160
165
204
$33
34
59
64
63
60
85
$165
165
202
204
236
226
333
$329
336
424
441
474
432
626
$114
149
168
178
167
192
157
203
$45
29
50
57
62
75
68
88
$177
162
220
251
244
315
198
293
$335
340
436
493
478
591
427
585
ROCHESTER
$500-$900_______________
$900-$1,200_____________
$1,200-$1,500____________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400......... ........
$2,400 to $2,700_________
$2,700 and over_________
17
77
83
45
42
23
7
7
2. 56
2. 91
3. 04
3. 42
3. 41
3. 23
3. 55
4. 53
$902
1,187
1, 380
1, 551
1, 874
2,103
2, 368
2, 676
SCRANTON
$500 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,200___________
$1,200 to $1,500_________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400_________
$2,400 and over______ _
26
44
69
53
26
8
5
3. 02
3. 38
3.19
3. 54
3.89
3. 91
4.09
$993
1,134
1,351
1, 562
1,845
1,688
2, 562
SPRINGFIELD
$600 to $900 3___________
$900 to $1,200 __________
$1,200 to $1,500_________
$1,500 to $1,800_________
$1,800 to $2,100_________
$2,100 to $2,400_________
$2,400 to $2,700_________
$2,700 and over_________
7
54
66
52
34
22
7
6
2.80
3. 29
3. 08
3.23
4.11
3. 76
5. 44
4. 72
$938
1,119
1, 342
1,593
1,966
2, 224
2, 321
2, 759
1 Amount spent for food per food expenditure unit.
2 Amount spent for clothing per clothing expenditure unit.
3 No cases of families receiving less than $600 occurred in the sample.
T a b l e 7 . — Total family expenditure equivalents for families of 8 different types at
given economic levels
Total family expenditure for—
Economic level—Families with annual unit expenditure of—
$150..
$250$350$450$550..
$650-
Family of
Family of
3.4 expend
5.7 expend
iture units 1 iture units 2
$855
1,425
1,995
2, 565
3,135
3, 705
$510
850
1,190
1, 530
1,870
2, 210
Family of
1.9 expend
iture units 3
$285
475
665
855
1,045
1,235
1 Family consisted of a man, 40, working as a machine operator; his wife, 38; 2 sons aged 15 and 6, and 2
daughters aged 12 and 8.
2 Family consisted of a man, 27, working as a machine operator; his wife, 26; a daughter, 4 years old; an
infant son, 1 years old.
3 Family consisted of a man, 35, working as a machine operator, and his wife, 31.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
34
Order of Expenditures at Different Economic Levels
A t the lower expenditure levels there were a certain number of small
families with very low incomes, but more large families with incomes
approaching the median. Families of these two different types were
nearer together as far as spending patterns are concerned than two
families with the same money income, one of husband and wife and no
other persons, and the other including in addition several children.
Similarly at the higher expenditure levels, there were some medium or
large-sized families with high incomes, but more small families with
incomes approaching or exceeding the median; these two types of
families were closer in their spending habits than families of divergent
size but similar incomes.
Differences between the average expenditure patterns of families at
the lowest and highest economic levels may be illustrated by data
from the group studied in Buffalo. (See fig. 5.)
There were 46 families at the lowest of the spending levels analyzed,
and they averaged almost 5% persons. Their incomes averaged
$1,253. They devoted more than 41 percent of their total outlay to
food, and almost 26 percent to housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration,
having thus only one-third of the total left for clothing, other items
of household operation, transportation, recreation, medical care,
personal care, and other items which must be purchased in an Amer
ican city.
The 54 families at the highest expenditure level averaged about 2.9
persons per family. Their incomes averaged $1,655. They spent
almost twice as much for food per food-expenditure unit as the larger
families at the ^wer level, but the outlay represented only 31 percent
of their total expenditure. Their expenditures for housing, fuel, light,
and refrigeration averaged $142 per person as compared with $58 at
the lowest level, but the percentage of the total devoted to housing at
the highest level was only 23.8 percent. The families at the highest
level had thus 45 percent of their expenditures yet to make after they
had paid for food, housing, heat, light, and refrigeration.
Table 8 presents the amount spent per expenditure unit at succes
sive economic levels. The relatively slow increase in unit food ex
penditures, in comparison to the much more rapid increases in unit
clothing expenditures, and in other items per capita, emphasizes the
differences in the demand for commodities of these different types.
The strikingly greater increase in average unit food expenditure from
low to high economic level (table 8) than from low to high income
level (table 6) shows clearly that the classification of families by eco
nomic level succeeds much better in throwing together families of
similar spending patterns than does classification by family income
level.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
F ig . 3
DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILY EXPENDITURES OF WAGE
EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS
AT TWO DIFFERENT ECONOMIC LEVELS
BUFFALO, 1 9 3 5 -1 9 3 6
WHITE FAMILIES
ITEM
P E R C E N T O F T O T A L E X P E N D IT U R E S
20
30
FOOD
HOUSING
INCLUDING FUEL,
LIGHT AND
REFRIGERATION
CLOTHING
RECREATION
PERSONAL
CARE
ECONOMIC LEVEL
(a n n u a l a m o u n t s p e n t
PER EXPENDITURE UNIT)
$20 0
COMMUNITY
WELFARE,GIFTS
'contributions"
EDUCATION,
VOCATION a I
MISC.
U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
H
u S $300
H in
$600
uSSer
$700
35
36
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 8 . — Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels, 1 year during
the period 1 9 8 4 - 3 6
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Economic level—Fami Number
lies with annual unit
of
families
expenditure of—
Average
size of
family
in ex
penditure
units
Average
total
expendi
ture per
family
Average
unit
food
expendi
ture 1
Average
Average
amount
unit
spent
clothing
for other
expendi items per
ture 2
person
Average
unit
expendi
ture
for all
items
BOSTON
$100 to $200_____________
$200 to $300_____________
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500_____________
$500 to $600_____________
$600 to $700_____________
$700 to $800_____________
$800 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,000.___________
$1,000 to $1,100__________
$1,100 and over... _
_
14
82
10
0
117
85
51
24
20
1
1
7
5
6.52
5 17
4.01
3.49
3.18
2. 57
2.41
2.18
2. 22
2.14
2. 21
$1,148
1,342
1,390
1, 554
1, 734
1,647
1,821
1,831
2,093
2, 224
2,670
$85
118
144
176
193
21
0
255
260
274
289
315
$17
31
40
40
62
76
$74
10
1
86
86
92
124
176
162
215
285
352
413
493
569
623
719
$22
$71
$176
260
347
445
545
641
756
840
943
1,039
1,208
B U FFA LO
$100 to $200_____________
$200 to $300_____________
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500_____________
$500 to $600_____________
$600 to $700_____________
$700 to $800_____________
$800 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,000___________
$1,000 to $1,100__________
___
$1,100 and over...
5
46
82
104
85
54
29
20
]2
6.07
4. 82
3.89
3.04
2. 74
2. 66
2.34
2. 07
2.13
6
1. 93
7
2.12
$1,122
1,224
1,344
1,365
1,497
1,715
1, 735
1, 764
2, 058
2, 257
2, 329
$93
113
142
174
194
$29
44
57
146
159
218
288
348
454
516
597
725
695
$185
254
346
449
546
645
741
852
966
1,065
1,207
205
236
' 261
264
305
10
1
102
$63
94
116
155
$16
34
42
69
$70
115
181
336
$154
245
341
564
$106
138
155
196
$36
45
56
82
$107
170
238
393
$249
344
448
669
$103
131
167
178
204
213
217
$32
52
67
$96
163
207
303
394
430
560
$231
344
442
555
657
737
$83
147
172
208
$19
30
39
57
64
239
285
81
119
$61
107
156
217
274
338
425
556
$163
250
345
446
547
651
745
964
212
66
79
84
98
12
1
JO H N STO W N
Under $200_____________
$200 to $300_____________
$300 to $400____________
$400 and over_
_ ___ _
29
37
46
41
5. 65
4. 69
3. 29
2. 65
$868
1,122
1,150
1,494
L A N C A STE R
Under $300.
_____
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500_____________
$500 and over____ _ . . .
35
40
31
45
4.70
3. 37
2.94
2.34
$1,168
1,160
1,316
1, 566
M A N C H E ST E R
Under $300___________ .
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500_____________
$500 to $600_____________
$600 to $700_____________
$700 to $800_____________
$800 and o v e r ___ ____ _
25
51
31
1
0
1
0
13
6
4. 93
4.16
3. 21
2.08
2.34
2.13
2.00
$1,140
1,431
1,418
1,154
1,537
1,569
1,777
6
8
58
92
105
888
PH IL A D E L P H IA
U nder$200 _. . . . _____
$200 to $300_____________
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500_____________
$500 to $600_____________
$600 to $700_____________
$700 to $800_____________
$800 and over . . . . . . _.
25
83
96
82
70
60
39
43
See fo o tn o te s a t end of table.
6. 55
5.17
3.94
3. 66
3. 07
2.86
2. 65
2. 23
$1, 070
1,292
1,361
1,631
1,678
1,863
1,975
2.149
12
1
21
2
8
8
37
IN C O M E LE V E L A N D M O N E Y D IS B U R S E M E N T S
T able 8. — Average unit expenditure at successive economic levels, 1 year during
the period 1 9 8 4 - 8 6 — C ontinued
Economic level—Fami Number
lies with annual unit
of
expenditure of—
families
Average
size of
family
in ex
penditure
units
Average
total
expendi
ture per
family
Average
unit
food
expendi
ture
Average
unit
clothing
expendi
ture
Average
amount
spent
for other
items per
person*
Average
unit
expendi
ture
for all
items
$76
104
133
161
169
207
$23
33
45
55
64
70
$71
106
170
230
312
370
544
$170
244
348
447
544
643
854
$82
109
137
158
181
194
246
230
258
$19
28
39
56
62
85
113
91
$76
$177
247
340
450
558
645
760
838
1,008
$92
128
152
171
192
218
$29
46
52
74
62
90
$2
11
241
268
96
118
182
246
307
390
441
537
619
747
$243
359
451
553
643
750
839
962
1,139
$75
105
153
214
276
416
$169
245
344
439
553
737
$104
163
217
275
352
442
476
633
$241
352
445
543
648
748
846
1,018
P IT T S B U R G H
$100 to $200_____________
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
to $300_____________
to $400_____________
to $500_____________
to $600_____________
to $700_____________
and over___________
1
1
64
76
65
54
38
38
5.90
5. 33
4.01
3.31
2. 93
2. 66
2.07
$1,005
1,298
1,397
1,478
1, 593
1, 711
1,768
2
20
88
PO RTLAND
$100 to $200_____________
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
to $300_____________
to $400____________
to $500_____________
to $600_____________
to $700_____________
to $800_____________
to $900_____________
and over. ________
6
2
2
38
35
15
20
7
5
5
6.90
5. 33
3.70
3.30
2.84
2.69
1. 98
2. 71
2.15
$1, 218
1, 317
1,259
1,484
1,584
1,734
1,505
2, 270
2,167
10
1
10
1
165
237
311
364
399
518
643
R O C H E ST ER
Under $300__________ _
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500____________
$500 to $600_____________
$600 to $700_____________
$700 to $800____________
$800 to $900_____________
$900 to $1,000___________
$1,000 and o v e r ________
30
65
6
8
47
35
20
15
1
2
9
5.32
3.64
3.16
2.79
2. 41
2.33
2. 28
1.89
2.04
$1, 292
1,305
1,426
1, 543
1,549
1,747
1, 913
1,818
2, 324
21
0
100
SC R A N TO N
$100 to $200_____________
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
to $300_____________
to $400_____________
to $500_____________
to $600_____________
and over _____ __
6
32
58
51
44
40
5.44
4. 86
3. 87
3. 24
2. 68
2. 30
$920
1,192
1, 330
1,423
1,481
1,695
$73
108
142
169
204
220
$20
30
49
57
72
91
SP R IN G F IE L D
Under $300_____________
$300 to $400_____________
$400 to $500_____________
$500 to $600_____________
$600 to $700_____________
$700 to $800_____________
$800 to $900_____________
$900 and over_ _______
_
35
46
58
41
25
25
8
1
0
5.63
4.02
3.24
3.07
2. 57
2. 36
2. 20
2.13
$1, 359
1,416
1,442
1 666
,
1, 665
1, 765
1,861
2,169
$108
145
173
197
213
235
265
290
$28
45
56
6
6
77
73
105
96
1Amount spent for food per food-expenditure unit.
2Amount spent for clothing per clothing-expenditure unit.
E xpenditures at tw o economic levels.
A comparison of the distribution of total family expenditures at
two economic levels, i. e., annual unit expenditures of $200 to $300
and $600 to $700 (see table 9), shows the shift in consumer demand
from one of the lowest planes at which independent families were found
38
NORTH
A T L A N T IC
REG IO N
to the highest plane of living enjoyed by any considerable number of
families of wage earners and clerical workers in each of the 11 cities
in the North Atlantic region.
The overwhelming absolute importance of food and housing in the
budgets of these workers’ families is shown by the fact that they
retained first and second place at high as well as low economic levels
in every city. Clothing was the item of third importance at high as
well as low levels in every city but Johnstown and Manchester. In
these cities, the competition between clothing and the automobile is
illustrated at the high level, where expenditures for the latter exceeded
those for the former. Here evidently aesthetic and social satisfactions
in textiles have been exchanged for aesthetic, social, and recreational
satisfactions in steel.
The greatest shift in the purchases of the white families studied in
each of the 11 cities occurred in the proportion of total funds spent
for the purchase, operation, and upkeep of automobiles and motor
cycles. Declines in the rank of expenditures for transportation other
than by automobile or motorcycle at the higher expenditure levels in
the five larger cities were balanced in the other cities by increases
for expenditure of this type.
Expenditures for furnishings and equipment underwent the second
greatest change in relative rank from low to high economic levels for
the region as a whole. Expenditures of this type in Boston, Buffalo,
Manchester, Philadelphia, Scranton, and Pittsburgh ranked from two
to five places higher at the highest economic level than at the lowest.
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the economic family
gained from two to four ranks in importance from the lowest to the
highest economic levels in all the cities except in Boston. For personal
care expenditures there was a shift downward in rank at the high
level in most cities. In 7 of the 11 cities, expenditures for medical
care ranked lower among the smaller families at the highest economic
levels than among the larger families at the lowest levels. These
changes in rank order of size of average expenditures for the different
categories at higher economic levels are indicative of the changing
urgencies or degrees of importance of these types of expenditure as
families reach better economic positions.
Expenditures having the lowest ranks, such as education, vocation,
and other items, retained about the same relative importance among
families spending between $200 to $300 per expenditure unit per year
as among families spending between $600 and $700. In 8 of the 11
cities, however, expenditures for community welfare ranked higher in
the expenditure patterns of families at the lower economic level than
in patterns of families at the highest level covered in this investigation.
The relatively small expenditures for formal education at the upper
39
INCOME LEVEL AND M ONEY DISBURSEMENTS
expenditure level are explained by the type of families found at this
level in each of the cities.2
3
T able 9.— Expenditures in rank order at 2 different economic levels, 1 year during
the period 1 9 8 ^- 8 6
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Boston
Expenditure items
$200
to
$300
$600
to
$700
$200
to
$300
Number of families________
82
51
1
3
1
3
2
6
9.5
13.5
4
8
7
5
11
13.5
9.5
12
15
$600
to
$700
$200
to
$300
54
37
46
Food_____________________
Clothing__________________
Housing, including fuel,
light, and refrigeration___
Other household operation..
Furnishings and equipment.
Automobiles and motor
cycles__________________
Other transportation______
Personal care____ _________
Medical care______________
Recreation________________
Education________________
Vocation_________________
Community welfare_______
Gifts and contributions____
Other item s_______________
3
1
3
2
8
9
2
7
6
9
5
11.5
8
4
14.5
14.5
10
11. 5
13
6
7
10
5
4
12.5
15
11
14
12.5
4
9
10
8
5
15
14
11
12
13
Pitts
burgh
$200
to
$300
$600
to
$700
$200
to
$300
30
$600
to
$700
10
1
4
1
3
1
3
2
5
6
2
6
7.5
2
5
7
2
6
7
2
8
8
10
11
7
4
13
15
9
12
14
3
9
12
5
7.5
15
13
11
10
14
10.5
10.5
8
6
4
13
15
9
12
14
4
11
10
8
5
14
15
12
9
13
3
14 ‘
9
5
Rochester
Portland
$200
to
$300
35
$200
to
$300 2
-
$600 $200
to
to
$700 $3002
Scranton
4
7
6
13
12
10
11
16
Springfield
$600
to
$700
$200 $600 $200 $600
to
to
to
to
$300 $7001 $3002 $700
60
64
38
22
20
30
35
32
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
2
3
1
3
1
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
6
7
6
8
6.5
6
5
8
5
9
5
8
4
5
7
7
7
10
11
5
7.5
7.5
4
13.5
15
10
13.5
12
6
8
11
9
4
14
15
12
10
13
11
7
9
5
4
13.5
15
10
12
13.5
6
9
12
7
5
14
15
10.5
10.5
13
6.5
11
9
8
4
13
14.5
10
12
14.5
8
11
10
5
4
13
14
12
9
15
8.5
10
8.5
6
4
11.5
15
11.5
14
13
4
9
10.5
6
5
12
14
10.5
13
15
Number of families______ 83
Food _ ____________ _
Clothing_____ _
Housing, including fuel,
light, and refrigeration, _
Other household opera
tion__________________
Furnishings and equip
m ent___ __ __ _____
Automobiles and motorcycles— _____ _________
Other transportation____
Personal care__ ____ ____
Medical c a re ________ _
Recreation___________ _
Education., ________ _
Vocation... _ _ _________
Community welfare _ _
Gifts and contributions.__
Other items ____ . . . ..
$600
to
$700
Manchester
$200
$600
to
to
$300 2 $700i
11
3
2
6
7
Lancaster
$600
to
$7001
—
-
Philadel
phia
Expenditure items
Johnstown
Buffalo
11
8.5
7
6
4
13
12
8.5
14
15
40 *
35
25
1
3
1
3
2
2
2
7.5
6
7
5
8
8
6
13
12
7.5
4
14
15
11
10
9
9
7
10
5
4
15
13
11
12
14
5
12
11
6
4
13
15
10
9
14
1$600 and over.
2 Under $300.
2
3
The families averaged slightly more than 2)4. persons. The number of persons under 16 years old
averaged only about one-third person per family and the number of persons gainfully employed at some
time during the year averaged about lj ^ persons per family.
53959°— 89-------4
40
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Changes in Assets and Liabilities 2
4
In the aggregate, the current expenditures of the families studied
in these 11 cities of the North Atlantic area were less than their
current incomes. The lowest average savings were found in Scranton,
where income exceeded expenditures by $2 per family, while the
highest average occurred in Portland, where the average savings
amounted to $35.2 (See table 10 and Tabular Summary, tables
5
2 and 5.)
In Scranton 62.3 percent of the families covered in the survey
reported an average surplus of $134 for the year or an aggregate of
$19,296. An average deficit of $226 was reported by 35.9 percent of
the families, making an aggregate of approximately $18,758.
In Portland, a slightly larger proportion of the families (37.3 per
cent) reported deficits, but the average deficit for such families was
considerably smaller. Their average deficit, $142, was, in fact, $2
smaller than the average surplus of the families having net savings.
As a result, the aggregate savings of the Portland group amounted to
$13,392 as against aggregate deficits of $8,094.
In considering these figures, it is important to keep in mind the
financing of the occasional large expenditure which must be made by
every family, and the general level of incomes among the families
of wage earners and clerical workers. Median incomes in the 11
groups of families studied varied from $1,102 to $1,508. The pur
chase by a family at this income level of an electric refrigerator for
$150, for example, must inevitably be financed in part by some means
outside of current income. It may be from past savings which have
been set aside for this purpose, or from current borrowing. Using
either method, the family will show a deficit in the particular year in
which an extraordinary occasional purchase is made.
The important thing to observe, therefore, is not that a number of
families spent more than their incomes in the given year, but the
balance at a given income level between aggregate income and aggre
gate expenditures. Under normal circumstances we might expect
that exceptional outlays made in any one year by some families would
balance accumulations made by other families in anticipation of
later purchases from savings, or reductions of liabilities incurred for
purchases of previous years.
24 F o r purposes of this study, changes in assets and liabilities are computed on the basis of changes which
occurred as the result of the transfer of property or funds. Changes in the market value of real estate or
personal property remaining in the hands of the families studied are not included in these figures. For
more detailed explanation, see appendix A, notes on tables 4 and 5, pp. 455-456.
25 The figures just cited have been computed from the families’ own statements about changes in their
assets and liabilities and do n o t represent a balancing difference between reported incomes and reported
current expenditures. (See appendix A, p. 451.) Most families were not able to present a statement of
total receipts and total disbursements which balanced exactly. No schedule was accepted for use from a
family which could not supply a statement of total receipts and total disbursements which balanced within
5 percent.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
41
In this connection it is important to note the setting of the period
in which these surveys were made. There had been a period of 3 or
4 years of intense anxiety during which there was no certainty as to
what the future held in store. It would appear that a number of
families in the wage-earner and clerical groups had managed even
during the worst days of the depression to conserve small amounts of
their past savings or of their current income. By 1934, and more
particularly by 1935, anxiety with reference to the future was some
what relieved, especially in the case of the group of families covered
by this investigation, since families without relatively steady employ
ment and those having been on relief at any time during the year
prior to the interview by the field agent were excluded from the
survey.
In all cities under consideration in the present report except Lan
caster, average net deficits appeared in all the income classes under
the $1,200 level. In Lancaster net deficits occurred in all income
classes below $900. In Boston, Buffalo, Manchester, Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, Rochester, and Scranton, a net surplus for the group did
not appear until incomes had reached $1,500 (see Tabular Summary,
table 5).
In studying the funds from sources other than family income (see
left-hand side of p. 18 of facsimile of schedule, p. 505) drawn upon by
these 11 family groups, it is of considerable interest to note that more
than half were previously accumulated assets (see table 11). Only
in Johnstown and Pittsburgh did average increases in liabilities exceed
withdrawals from assets. In Johnstown, average increases in lia
bilities by all families amounted to $118 as compared with $42 with
drawn from previous savings. The largest source of borrowing by the
Johnstown group was given as “ debts not specified,” which includes
such items as unpaid doctors7 and grocers’ bills, with only $27 on the
average representing increases in installment purchases.
In Pittsburgh, all families studied withdrew a net average of $73
from previous savings, and received a net $91 by borrowing directly
or by using credit. Here the increase in liabilities represented by
debts the nature of which was not specified accounted for a large
proportion of the total, $33 out of $91. Increases in installment
obligations accounted for another $31.
When families are classified on the basis of current expenditures, it
follows that families may attain a relatively high level of current
expenditure by incurring a current deficit. Thus deficit families
move up the scale to a higher level of living than current income
alone would allow, and families with surpluses for the year move down
the scale. As is to be expected under these conditions, less regularity
is shown in deficit and surplus financing in table 10, with families
42
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
classified by economic level, than was shown in table 5 of the Tabular
Summary with families classified by income.
It is significant to note, however, that it was at the highest economic
level that current expenditure exceeded current income. This serves
to emphasize the fact that the economic level of a given family in
a given year is determined not only by its current income, but also by
past savings and ability to borrow. Families at the higher economic
levels not only had on the average larger incomes than those at the
lower levels, larger accumulations of past savings and correspondingly
greater ability to borrow, but were also of smaller size and therefore
had less fear of depleting reserves. Consequently it is not surprising
to find that in a period when business recovery was getting under way,
the groups with the highest level of current spending were those
having the average deficits.
10.— Percentage of fam ilies having surplus and deficit, and net change in
assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1 9 8 4- 3 6
T able
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Percentage of
families having
C ity and economic level
N um
ber of
fami
lies
Average amount of—
N et change in assets
and liabilities for all
families (dollars)
Surplus
per
family
having
Per ex Per
pendi gainful surplus
ture
unit worker
Deficit
per
family
having
deficit
N et
sur
plus
N et
deficit
516
63.8
32.4
+ 14
+4
+ 10
$125
$202
196
202
118
66.8
64.9
56.8
26.5
33.7
39.8
+ 26
+ 14
-5
+6
+4
-2
+ 19
+ 10
-4
109
133
139
181
213
210
450
66.4
31.6
+ 17
+5
+ 14
121
201
133
189
128
74.4
69.8
53.1
23.3
28.6
44.5
+ 47
+ 39
-48
+11
+13
-20
+ 35
+ 33
-40
106
121
140
138
162
273
153
56.9
40.5
+7
+2
+5
151
195
112
30
11
54.5
63.3
63.6
42.9
33.3
36.4
+11
+ 37
-12 3
+3
+13
-55
+8
+31
-98
116
227
251
121
321
776
151
63.6
35.8
+ 27
+8
+ 18
116
132
75
46
30
56.0
73.9
66.7
44.0
26.1
30.0
C
1)
+59
+ 44
0)
+21
+ 20
C
1)
+ 36
+ 29
94
110
175
120
83
243
146
59.6
38.4
+ 18
+5
+ 10
141
172
76
41
29
59.2
68.3
48.3
40.8
26.8
48.3
+ 32
+31
-34
+7
+11
-16
+ 15
+ 19
-22
143
117
184
130
185
253
Per
family
B o sto n
All families_____________________
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600
$600 and over-----------------B u ffa lo
All families.--__________________
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600_________________
$600 and over________________
J o h n sto w n
All families_____________________
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600_________________
$600 and over________________
L a n ca ster
All families_____________________
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600__________________
$600 and over________________
M a n ch e ster
All families_____________________
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600__________________
$600 and over______ ______
1 Less than $0.50.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
43
Percentage of fam ilies having surplus and deficit, and net change in
assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1 9 3 4 - 3 6 — Continued
T a b l e 1 0 .—
Percentage of
families hav
ing—
City and economic level
N um
ber of
families
Average amount of—
N et change in: assets
and liabilities for all
families (dollars)
Surplus
per
family
Per ex Per
having
pendi gainful surplus
ture
unit worker
Deficit
per
family
having
deficit
N et
sur
plus
N et
deficit
498
62.4
36.7
+6
+2
+4
$153
$242
204
152
142
65.2
66.4
54.2
33.8
32.9
45.1
+28
+ 44
-66
+6
+13
-25
+17
+27
-47
127
175
168
160
220
349
346
57.2
41.6
+ 14
+4
+11
168
197
151
119
76
56.3
59.7
55.3
43.0
38.7
43.4
+18
+31
-17
+4
+10
-7
+14
+25
-15
135
195
192
136
221
284
153
60.8
37.3
+35
+ 10
+25
144
142
66
50
37
63.6
62.0
54.1
33.3
36.0
45.9
+27
444
+37
+6
+14
+15
+19
+33
+26
109
139
225
128
117
186
301
60.1
37.5
+ 10
+3
+8
160
229
95
115
91
57.9
64.3
57.1
38.9
34.8
39.6
-8
+28
+6
-2
+9
+3
-7
+24
+6
110
158
215
184
211
294
231
62.3
35.9
+2
+1
+2
134
226
96
95
40
62.5
65.3
55.0
36.5
33.7
40.0
+ 27
+3
-59
+6
+1
-26
+ 22
+3
-52
138
122
158
162
228
365
248
63.7
31.0
+ 16
+6
+11
139
234
81
99
68
60.5
71.7
55.9
30.9
25.3
39. 7
+ 23
+39
-26
4 5
+12
-11
+ 15
+27
-18
124
124
188
168
197
329
Per
family
P h ila d elph ia
All families ___ _ _ _______
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600__________________
$600 and o v e r _______________
P ittsb u rg h
All families __ . . . __ _______
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600_________________
$600 and over----- _ _ ----- _
P o rtla n d
All families .__ ___ _______ _ _ __
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600_________________
$600 and over.
_ ________
R och ester
All families _
----- -----------Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600_________________
$600 and over. _ ____________
S cra n ton
All families _ _ _ _ _
______ __
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600________________
$600 and over_______________
S prin g field
All families_______________
Families with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under $400__________________
$400 to $600_________________
$600 and over. ________ _
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
44
Fig.6
CHANGES IN A S S E T S AND L IA B IL IT IE S OVER T H E
S C H E D U LE YEAR AMONG WAGE E A R N E R S
AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS
AT S U C C E S S IV E IN C O M E L E V E L S
BOSTON, 1 9 3 4 -1 9 3 5
WHITE FAMILIES
DOLLARS
DOLLARS
240
240
220
| NET SURPLUS
NET DEFECIT
200
180
160
120
100
20
-
0J
20
-
40
-
60
-
100
ALL
FAM
ILIES
600
ANO UNDER
900
900
1
200
1200
15
00
ANOUNOER anounoer
10
50
ano under
1800
1 00
8
and under
2100
2100
and under
ANNUAL INCOME IN DOLLARS
U .S . BUREAU OF LAB O R STATISTICS
2400
2400
and under
2700
2700
and
O
VER
IN C O M E
T able
L E VE L AN D
45
M O N E Y D IS B U R S E M E N T S
11.— Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule yearf at successive
economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-86
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
City and economic level
N um
ber of
fami
lies
Aver
age in
creases
in
assets 1
Average decreases
Aver in amounts due on Aver
age de goods purchased age de
on installment
creases
plan 1
creases
in
in
liabili
assets 1
ties 1
Other
Auto
mobile
goods
Average increases
Aver in amounts due on
age in goods purchased
creases
on installment
in
plan 1
total
liabili
Auto
Other
ties 1
mobile
goods
B o s to n
All families____ ______
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600________
* $600 and over_______
516
196
$1 1
1
$32
(2)
88
(2)
$6
$78
$50
$3
$11
0
4
4
13
52
81
116
36
59
57
1
10
14
15
3
6
68
55
12
16
7
6
118
118
134
25
36
35
450
118
22
133
189
128
11
0
127
123
18
27
1
2
5
7
5
37
65
105
39
42
91
27
31
153
11
1
56
5
15
42
118
8
19
112
30
1
1
87
167
194
44
84
105
4
37
0
15
23
3
18
99
130
116
292
151
114
29
3
6
77
40
(2)
75
46
30
94
95
194
22
0
9
4
4
15
64
44
160
52
24
34
(2)
146
160
37
1
7
122
57
5
12
76
41
29
170
152
144
34
38
43
0
0
3
1
0
1
2
11
1
10
2
7
153
62
40
67
6
0
1
0
9
27
498
141
54
2
6
122
68
2
15
204
152
142
116
150
168
31
48
94
0
6
2
8
3
7
59
93
242
86
4
17
25
346
137
41
1
0
73
91
5
26
151
119
76
1
22
38
43
43
1
2
39
84
123
103
78
87
2
149
150
9
3
15
27
44
202
(2)
(2)
B u ffa lo
All families. __ ________
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over_______
22
2
8
6
12
J o h n s to w n
All families________ ..
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600________
$600 and over____ .
102
1
28
23
16
21
37
L a n ca ster
All f a m i l i e s . . .. . . .
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over-------
33
44
(2)
11
0
0
9
12
13
M a n c h e s te r
All families _ __ _ _______
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over_______
8
P h ila d elp h ia
All families____ ____ _ .
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over. __ __ _
59
62
1
1
8
P ittsb u rg h
All families___ . ______
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600. ______
$600 and over____ __
See footnotes at end of table.
(2)
1
0
0
5
1
1
46
NORTH
A T L A N T IC R EG IO N
T a b l e 1 1 . — Changes
in assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive
economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36— Continued
City and economic level
Aver
N um age in
ber of creases
fami
in
lies
assets
Average decreases
Aver in amounts due on Aver
age de goods purchased age de
on installment
creases
plan
creases
in
in
liabili
assets
ties
Other
Auto
mobile
goods
Average increases
Aver in amounts due on
age in goods purchased
creases
on installment
in
plan
total
liabili
Auto
ties
Other
mobile
goods
P o r tla n d
All families____________
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400
______
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over. _ ____
153
$128
$43
$2
$10
$77
$58
$3
66
1
00
132
171
33
44
59
3
1
0
7
14
9
64
71
42
61
83
3
10
1
3
26
30
301
141
33
5
2
85
81
9
15
95
115
91
149
167
40
38
2
1
0
3
2
2
74
117
86
1
82
4
23
13
14
18
231
124
25
5
77
70
2
18
96
95
40
117
125
139
30
1
0
0
2
20
9
43
74
165
67
79
54
7
2
1
2
1
248
115
31
1
4
84
49
5
1
0
81
99
94
113
143
31
33
28
1
1
0
2
8
46
72
147
56
35
60
4
14
0
1
1
8
1
2
50
37
4
$26
2
2
R o ch ester
All families. _
_____ .
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over_______
no
5
9
6
6
73
S cra n to n
All families___ _______
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over. _ __
2
1
(2)
(2)
1
1
15
S p r in g field
All families____________
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and over. _ . .
6
8
3
1 Average computed by dividing the aggregate increases or decreases of the families reporting such increases
or decreases by the total number of families in each city or expenditure level.
2Less than $0.50.
The most frequent form of savings among the families in the North
Atlantic region (see Tabular Summary, table 4) was the payment of
life insurance premiums,2 reported by 85 percent or more of the
6
families in each of the 11 cities. The average amount of such pre
miums per family making payments ranged from $81 in Lancaster to
$109 in Pittsburgh. In general, the proportion of families investing
in life insurance, and the average amount of premiums paid, increased
with rise in economic level. The second most frequently reported
disposition of funds not used for current expenses was payment on
principal of mortgages and down payment on owned homes in Boston
and Philadelphia; increase in savings account in Buffalo, Manchester,
and Springfield; decrease in installment payment due on goods other
2 In a study among Federal employees carried on by the Bureau of Labor Statistics just prior to the initia
8
tion of this investigation, the schedule provided for securing information on the type of insurance covered
by the premiums reported. It was found that very frequently informants were unable to provide the infor
mation and the question was not included in the present schedule. It is, therefore, impossible to estimate
how much of the amount paid in life insurance premiums represents savings and how much was paid for
insurance protection during the schedule year.
IN C O M E
LEVEL AND
M O N E Y D IS B U R S E M E N T S
47
than automobiles in Johnstown, Lancaster, Pittsburgh, Portland, and
Scranton; and decrease in debts due doctors, grocers, etc. in Rochester.
On the other side of the balance sheet, the most frequently specified
sources of funds other than family income were, first, net increases in
installment account obligations for goods other than automobiles,
and second, “ other debts” (which include grocers’, doctors’, and
hospital bills, etc.), in all cities except Manchester, where with
drawals from savings were the most important source. W ith
drawals from savings constituted the third most frequently used
source of funds for families in all 11 cities except Manchester.
In every city, installment purchases were responsible for a relatively
small proportion of increases in the liabilities of these families. Even
so, however, they were considerably larger than decreases in amounts
spent in paying off liabilities incurred in this way in times previous to
the schedule year. Evidently by 1935 sufficient optimism regarding
future prospects prevailed among the families studied to account for
their willingness and ability to undertake major purchases deferred
for some time.
A comparison in each of the 11 cities of the number of families
reporting the purchase of an automobile and the number of families
reporting an increase in installment obligations for the purchase of
automobiles, both during the schedule year, shows that in Boston,
Buffalo, Rochester, Scranton, and Springfield from 45 to 50 percent
of the families purchasing automobiles financed them by installment
contracts on which a balance remained unpaid at the end of the year
covered by the schedule. About one-third of the families in M an
chester, Pittsburgh, and Portland did so. Since a large proportion
of the cars were purchased second-hand and cost approximately $200,
it is probable that a certain number of the families buying cars paid
for their automobiles within the period of the schedule year. In some
cases, the families resorted to small-loan companies for the purpose
of financing automobile purchase, but the figures as reported in this
study do not make possible any conclusion as to the proportion doing so.
Chapter 2
Expenditures for Specified Goods
Food
A n n u a l f o o d e x p e n d itu r e s.
The unit food expenditure 1 increased markedly with rise in eco
nomic level. As shown in table 12, families with a unit expenditure
of $600 to $700 for all items, paid out approximately twice as much for
food for each adult-male-equivalent in the household as families with
a unit expenditure of $200 to $300 for all items. Undoubtedly such
increases indicate both a greater quantity and better quality of food
consumption, with diets more nearly approaching the norms of ade
quacy recommended by nutrition specialists. They also are a re
flection of more meals eaten out in restaurants, and greater expendi
tures for ice cream, candy, and drinks. In contrast to the increase
in unit food expenditures, the average amounts spent for food per
family increased very slightly. In some cities, they were actually
smaller at the $600 to $700 economic level. This is explained by the
smaller size of families at the higher levels. As a proportion of total
expenditures, average family food outlays declined consistently at
higher economic levels in all cities studied.
Average dollar expenditures per family for food prepared at home
(including money spent for lunches prepared at home and carried to
work and to school) decreased from low to high expenditure levels 2 in
every city except Johnstown, where average food expenditures at each
level were considerably lower than in the other 10 cities.
On the other hand, the average amount spent per family for food
away from home 3 increased with a rise in economic level, .claiming
varying proportions of the total food expenditure in the different com
munities studied. The highest proportions of each food dollar spent
for food away from home (including candy, ice cream, drinks, etc.)
at the low economic level were found in Johnstown, Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, and Rochester, where between 4 and 6 cents were so
spent. A t the high economic level, between 10 and 14 cents in seven
1 See footnote 1, table 8, p. 37.
3 Throughout the bulletin economic level is defined as the unit expenditure for all items per year. Food
expenditures are shown by as many economic levels as the number of cases in each city and the type of data
for this table would allow (see Tabular Summary, table 8). However, for purposes of discussion in the text,
three comparable levels for all cities are used. They are: low economic level, under $400; intermediate, $400
to $600; high, $600 and over.
3 Expenditures for board at school (which were classified with expenditures for meals away from home)
were extremely rare throughout all the groups studied. Such expenditure was reported by only 13 out of
the 3,193 white families covered in this region.
48
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
49
cities represented the largest expenditures found in this region. In
Scranton, on the other hand, less than 1 cent was spent at the low
level and only 5 cents at the high level. Meals at work accounted for
50 to 60 percent of the total amount spent for food away from home
at the low and for 60 to 80 percent at the high levels in Boston, Johns
town, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Rochester, and Springfield. In M an
chester, the proportion of the total expense for meals out which was
spent for meals at work fell from 40 percent at the low level to 28 per
cent at the high level, and in Scranton from 76 to 11 percent. The
proportions were lowest in Lancaster, 10 percent at the low and 13
percent at the high level.
T able
12.— U n it
fo o d expenditure at low and high econom ic levels , 1 yea r d uring
the p eriod 1 9 3 4 - 3 6
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Economic level—Families with annual unit expenditure of—
$600 to $700
’ $200 to $300
City
Number
of fami
lies
Boston___________________ _
Buffalo------------ ---------------Johnstown.- __
_ _______
Lancaster---------------------Manchester.
__ _
_ ----Philadelphia_________ _____ _
Pittsburgh--------------------------Portland.. ___________
Rochester---------------------------Scranton_____ — ------- -Springfield---------------------------
82
46
37
235
225
83
64
22
3 30
32
<35
Amount spent for
food i
Per
family
$573
508
420
469
488
555
532
540
460
504
584
Per
expendi
ture unit
$118
113
94
106
103
112
104
109
92
108
108
Number
of fami
lies
Amount spent for
food 1
Per
family
51
54
* 11
11
10
60
38
20
35
17
25
$507
529
425
434
446
601
505
478
430
' 469
525
Per
expendi
ture unit
$210
212
206
203
204
221
207
194
192
223
213
Percent
age in
crease in
unit food
expendi
ture
78.0
87.6
119.1
91.5
98.1
97.3
99.0
78.0
108.7
106.5
97.2
1 Including food at home and away from home.
2 Includes 2 families spending less than $200 per expenditure unit per year.
3 Includes 3 families spending less than $200 per expenditure unit per year.
<Includes 4 families spending less than $200 per expenditure unit per year.
5 Includes 9 families spending more than $700 per expenditure unit per year.
F ood e x p e n d itu r e s in 1 w ee\ in sp rin g a n d w in te r q u a r te r s .
Data on the purchase of 194 separate foods are available for one
typical week in one quarter for each city.4 They show a marked
<In order to avoid overburdening the housewives cooperating in the investigation, the schedule was not
planned with a view to obtaining estimates of the annual consumption of individual foods. The section
on food purchases provided only for a summary of annual food expenditures and the details of food pur
chases and consumption only during the week prior to the visit of the field agent. Since the figures on aver
age amounts purchased and consumed were in the great majority of cases identical, data on quantities of
food purchased only are presented in Tabular Summary table 7. Data on number of families using are also
presented to give a more complete picture of consumption.
In most cities, the field work extended over more than one season. The differences between the averages
secured in the several quarters in such instances reflect not only seasonal differences in food purchased, but
also accidental differences in the economic level and the national backgrounds of the families in the sub
samples interviewed in the different quarters. It was, therefore, decided to publish in full for each city only
the estimates for that season in which data were secured from the largest number of families. Data are for
the spring quarter in Boston, Buffalo, Portland, Rochester, and Springfield; for the fall quarter in Man
chester; and for the winter quarter in Johnstown, Lancaster, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Scranton.
50
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
F ig . 7
FOOD E X P E N D IT U R E S OF WAGE EARNERS AND
L O W E R -S A L A R IE D C LER IC AL WORKERS
AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS
PITTSBURGH, 1934-1935
TEM
WHITE FAMILIES
E X P E N D IT U R E S P E R C A P IT A
20__________ 40
M IS C E L L A N E O U S
U .S.BU R EA R OF LABOR STATISTICS
P E R W E E K IN C E N T S
60
80
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
51
increase in the total expenditures for food per person with rise in
economic level. They also show that the types and quantities of
foods purchased are distinctly different at the various levels.
For the cities studied in the spring and winter quarters, the per
capita expenditure 5 and quantities purchased of meats, poultry, and
sea food showed marked increases from the low to the high economic
level. Vegetables and fruits, important sources of minerals and
vitamins, likewise increased in respect to average expenditures and
to quantity purchased.
Starchy foods such as flour, macaroni, rice, etc., decreased slightly as
regards both average quantity purchased and average expenditure
among the families studied in the spring and winter except in Boston,
Philadelphia, and Lancaster. This suggests that as economic resources
permitted, the families varied their diets, and obtained more of their
calories from dairy products and other protective foods. An exception
was found, however, in the case of potatoes. Quantities purchased
as well as expenditures for potatoes increased at the high level as
compared with the low in 7 of the 11 cities (Boston, Buffalo, Phila
delphia, Portland, Rochester, Johnstown, and Springfield). Expendi
tures for total grain products also increased at higher levels. They
varied at the low level from 29.6 cents per capita per week in Scranton
to 43.8 cents in Philadelphia, and at the high level from 33.9 cents in
Scranton to 54.9 cents in Springfield. This increase is to be ascribed,
however, more to a change in the form and quality of such products
purchased than to an increase in their quantity.
Average expenditures per capita for green and leafy vegetables in
all families were lowest in Johnstown, with Portland second. They
ranged from 3.7 cents per capita in Johnstown to 9.0 in Springfield
at the low level, and from 10.2 cents in Manchester to 22.3 in Boston
at the high level. The largest average per capita expenditure for any
single item of food was for milk, except in Scranton where expenditures
for both bread and butter exceeded those for milk. The increase in
the average expenditure from the low to the high economic levels
ranged from 29 percent in Lancaster to 87 percent in Buffalo. The
rapid expansion in consumption by workers’ families at higher eco
nomic levels of such protective foods suggests that means rather than
tastes limit their use at the lower levels.
s Since human needs for and customary consumption of foods of different types vary considerably for
persons of different age and sex, it is impossible to compute any single measure of family size which will be
appropriate for comparing the consumption of specific foods from one family to another. Children’s need
for milk is approximately twice as great as that of adults, while the need of adults for the heat-producing
foods (starches and sugars) is about twice as great as that of children. Children’s consumption of meat
varies from that of adults at a still different rate. In order to secure figures on quantities of individual foods
purchased and on expenditures for individual foods which would provide a reasonably satisfactory basis for
comparison and yet not present a misleading appearance of refinement, data on family purchases of indi
vidual foods have been converted to per capita basis.
52
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
White bread followed milk as the individual food item accounting
for the second largest per capita expenditure in all the cities except
Johnstown, Manchester, and Portland. In these three, butter was
second. The relation between per capita expenditures for bread and
the general expenditure level is irregular. Per capita expenditures for
butter, second in Johnstown, Manchester, and Portland, and third in
Buffalo, Lancaster, Pittsburgh, Rochester, and Springfield, showed, in
general, a striking increase at the higher level. Average quantities
purchased also increased. Exceptions were Manchester and Scranton,
where quantity purchased and expenditures were largest at the inter
mediate level.
Eggs, third in importance of expenditure in Philadelphia and Boston
and fourth in the other cities, were consistently higher in both amount
purchased and expenditure at the high level except in Portland, where
they were highest at the intermediate level.
In general, the tendencies shown by the data collected in Manchester
for the fall quarter were the same as in the other cities, where the data
apply to winter and spring. The most striking differences were the
large quantities of potatoes purchased and the large per capita ex
penditures for this article at all levels but most noticeably at the
intermediate level.
No consistent differences appeared between cities in varying seasons,
except that the per capita expenditures for green and leafy vegetables
were, in general, considerably higher for the cities studied in the spring.
Even a preliminary review of the figures shows that the diets of the
families at the highest economic level had, on the average, a con
siderably higher nutritive content than those at the lowest economic
level shown. The quantities purchased per capita of foods rich in
minerals and vitamins essential to growth and the maintenance of
health were appreciably greater among the families at the higher
levels of spending, and show that as family resources increased these
workers were buying diets more nearly meeting their own nutritional
needs and those of their families.
It is of considerable interest to estimate the adequacy of food
expenditures at the different economic levels. Such an estimate 6
furnishes a rough approximation to the probability of adequacy of
the diets purchased to meet the nutritional needs of the families
studied. The prices used in this calculation were the average prices
collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for its food cost indexes.
It is, of course, possible to shop with care and buy at lower prices
6
For this purpose, the size of each family was measured in adequate-food-cost-units based on the United
States Bureau of Home Economics' adequate diet at minimum cost (Stiebeling, H. K., and Ward, M. M.
Diets at four levels of nutritive content and cost. U. S. Dept, of Agri. Circ. No. 296, Washington, 1933)
and average food expenditures per adequate food-cost-unit were also calculated for each family. These
expenditures were compared with the calculated cost of the same diet for a man at moderate work, which
was taken as a unit in the adequate-food-cost scale.
53
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
T able
13.— Expenditures for food per capita per week during the period 1 9 3 4 —
36
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Average expenditure per capita in 1 week in specified quarter
140
248
153
121
1
146
256
346
Total expenditure for—
All foods__________________ $2.74 $2. 73 $2. 34 $2. 72 $2.96 $2.51 $1.81 $2.40 $2.68 $2. 27
.44
.33
.42
.44
.37
.47
.46
.37
.47
Grain products____________ .41
.14
.12
.15
.14
.14
.10
.14
.13
.18
Eggs--------------------------------- .16
.32
.29
.24
.31
.31
Milk, cheese, ice cream. __ _ .39
.35
.37
.36
.28
.22
.13
.16
Butter and cream__________ .18
.15
.18
.20
.17
.15
.17
.12
.12
.11
.13
.07
.08
.09
.10
.09
Other fats_________________ .11
Meat, poultry, fish, and
.64
.37
.56
.58
.63
other sea food____________ .68
.67
.53
.70
.60
.41
.44
.52
.53
.54
.45
.51
.61
.46
.31
Vegetables and fruits______
.09
.08
Sugars and sweets_________
.09
.10
.10
.09
. 10
. 11
.08
.10
.21
.20
. 14
.19
.23
.17
.19
.25
.18
Miscellaneous foods________ . 19
Scranton
| Springfield
142
Pittsburgh
Rochester
243
Philadelphia
| Portland
425
| Lancaster
Buffalo
Number of families furnishing
data on food purchased in specifled quarter-------- --------------
Johnstown
Boston
Item
Winter
Fall, Manchester
Spring
231
$1.92
.33
.11
.20
.17
.07
.47
.36
.06
.15
Percentage
Total expenditure for—
All foods_________________
Grain products____________
Eggs--------------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream._ . . .
Butter and cream___ . . .
Other fats_________________
Meat, poultry, fish, and
other sea food______ _
Vegetables and fruits. __
Sugars and sweets________
Miscellaneous foods________
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
15.0 16.1 15.8 17.3 15.9 17.5 18.2 17.5 17.2 16.3
5.6
6.2
5.1
5.5
5.8
4.8
5.5
4.7
5.8
6.7
14.2 12.8 13.7 13.6 12.2 11.5 13.3 12.9 11.6 12.3
7.2
7.3
6.6
5.5
6.6
6.8
8.8
6.7
6.3
6.6
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.7
2.8
4.0
3.8
3.7
4.0
24.8
19.4
3.3
6.9
24.5
19.8
3.7
8.4
22.6
19.2
4.3
7.3
23.5
18.8
3.3
7.0
23.6
20.6
3.4
8.4
23.9
18.3
3.6
8.0
20.5
17.1
6.1
7.7
24.2
18.3
3.3
7.5
23.6
19.4
3.7
7.8
24.6
18.1
3.5
8.4
100.0
17.2
5.7
10.4
8.9
3.6
24.5
18.8
3.1
7.8
than these; a judicious selection of in-season fruits and vegetables and
fish will lower the cost. On the other hand, to secure an adequate diet
at the calculated cost requires extremely careful planning and food
consumption habits which follow nutritional needs very closely, and
the probabilities are that not all families spending such amounts did
in fact achieve adequate diets. The figures furnish, therefore, the
basis for an estimate of the proportion of the families spending enough
for nutritionally adequate food, though they do not show the propor
tion of families actually achieving adequate diets.7 The proportions
for all families and for families at different economic levels, as given in
the following table, show that the percentage spending enough to
purchase an adequate diet rose very rapidly with rise in economic level.
7
The Bureau of Labor Statistics turned over to the Bureau of Home Economics of the U. S. Department
of Agriculture, for nutritional analysis, detailed records of actual food consumption for one week of a sample
of the families studied. See Hazel K. Stiebeling, Nutritive Value of Diets of Families of Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers in North Atlantic Cities, 1934-35, Monthly Labor Review, July 1936. Also see Hazel K.
Stiebeling and Esther F. Phipard, Diets of Families of Employed Wage Earners and Clerical Workers in
Cities, U. S. Dept, of Agri. Circ. No. 507, January 1939.
54
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 14.— Proportion of fam ilies spending enough to purchase an adequate diet
at minimum cost, 1 1 year during the period
1 9 3 ^- 8 6
[White families of wage earner and clerical workers]
All fami
lies
City and item
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
B o sto n
Families in survey. __
------ ---------------- -----------Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost_____
________
516
73.6
196
40.3
202
91.6
118
98.3
B u ffa lo
Families in survey______ . ______ _
__ -------------- -- .
Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost----------------- _ _ _
450
76.9
133
189
128
97.7
36.8
91.0
76
41
29
32.9
95.1
96.6
M a n ch ester
Families in survey_________________
___ ____________
Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost____ _ ____
146
63.0
P h ila d elph ia
Families in survey---------- ---------------------- --------------------Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost.. ______ . . . _. _.
498
73.3
204
44.1
152
94.1
142
100.0
P ittsb u rg h
Families in survey._ . _______ _____
. . . .. _ . . . . . . . . .
Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost. ---------------------------
346
67.6
151
37.1
119
87.4
76
97.4
P o rtla n d
Families in survey.__ __ _ ______
___ . . . . . .
Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost______________ . . .
153
49.7
66
50
37
13.6
66.0
91.9
R och ester
Families in survey.. . . . __ . . . . . . _ _______ . . . _ _ .
Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost.. ___ ____ _ . . .
301
70.4
95
115
91
29.5
85.2
94.5
96
95
40
43.8
92.6
95.0
S cra n ton
Families in survey______ _____
_____ _ . _______________
Percentage spending enough per food expenditure unit to pur
chase an adequate diet at minimum cost.. __________ _____
231
72.7
1 Based on the adequate diet at minimum cost of the U. S. Dept, of Agr., Bureau of Home Economics.
The cost of this diet per adequate-food-cost-unit during the period of the investigation was $129 in Boston,
$125 in Buffalo, $117 in Manchester, $120 in Philadelphia, $116 in Pittsburgh, $131 in Portland, $115 in
Rochester, and $122 in Scranton.
Housing
Home ownership.
The proportion of families which owned their homes ranged from 49
percent in Philadelphia to 20 percent in Boston. This proportion
increased with rise in economic level8 in Boston, Buffalo, Johnstown,
Portland, and Rochester. In Philadelphia, the proportion remained
relatively constant, while in the five remaining cities the percentage
declined. The absolute difference between the percentage of home
owners at low and high economic levels was not great, however, in any
city. The somewhat higher percentage of home owners at the lower
8
Throughout the bulletin, economic level is defined as the amount of annual unit expenditure. In
Tabular Summary, table 10, details for housing are shown by as many economic levels as the number of
cases in each city and the type of data for this table would allow. However, for the purposes of discussion
in the text, three comparable levels for all cites are used. They are: low economic level, under $400; inter
mediate, $400 to $600; high, $600 and over.
EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS
55
economic levels in five cities is, in part, connected with the larger
families at the lower level and the consequent importance of housing
in their economic planning. Since it is frequently difficult to locate
large houses and apartments for rent, the large family has more incen
tive to buy than the small one.
Types o f dwellings.
The proportion of families of wage earners and clerical workers
living in one-family detached houses did not depend on the size of the
city in the case of those 11 cities surveyed in the North Atlantic
region. In Philadelphia, the largest city, 2 percent of the families
lived in one-family detached houses, but in the smallest city, Lancaster,
the proportion was only 5 percent. The largest proportions of fami
lies (over half) living in one-family detached houses were found in
Pittsburgh and Rochester. The proportions in the remaining cities
ranged between these two extremes, with a tendency to cluster around
33 percent.
Whereas less than 5 percent of the families cooperating in the
investigation in the West North Central and the East North Central
regions lived in semidetached or row houses, the predominance of this
type of architecture in Pennsylvania cities is reflected by the large
proportion of families covered by the survey there residing in row
houses. In Philadelphia and Lancaster, semidetached or row houses
were reported for more than three-fourths of the families studied, in
Johnstown for about half, and in Pittsburgh for about a quarter.
Except in Scranton, where the proportion was about 15 percent, and
in Rochester and Manchester, where it was about 10 percent, 5 percent
or less of the families in the remaining cities resided in dwellings of this
type. Two-family houses were the next most frequent type of resi
dence, reported by over a third of the families in Boston, Buffalo,
Portland, Scranton, and Springfield, by about one-sixth in Manchester,
Pittsburgh, and Rochester, and by eight percent or less in the other
cities. Buildings housing three or more families furnished homes for
almost half of the families in Boston and in Manchester, for about
one-third in Portland, and for less than a fifth in the remaining cities.
Size o f homes.
In all cities studied in this region, home owners and renters of
houses had larger homes than did those renting apartments in mul
tiple dwellings designed for three or more families.9 The home owners
averaged about 6 rooms per family and renters of houses more than
5% rooms. Families living in apartments where heat was not in
cluded in the monthly rental averaged about 5 rooms per family,
9
The difficulties involved in securing data on size of rooms made it seem inadvisable to include instructions
for obtaining such measurements on the schedule used in the present investigations. Questions about
window space and sunlight were omitted for the same reason.
5 3 9 5 9 ° — 3 9 ---- 5
56
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
while those in apartments where heat was furnished by the landlord
and included in the rent averaged close to 4 rooms. In general, the
largest homes were reported in Boston and the smallest in Pittsburgh.
Although home owners, and house renters also, had on the average
larger families than did families living in multiple-family dwellings,
their homes were more than enough larger to make up for their
greater numbers of children. In table 15 it is seen that, in general,
the number of persons per room 1 is greatest among renters of uu0
heated apartments, that is, apartments in which heat was furnished
by the tenants, usually by means of stoves. When we compare
families living at the higher economic levels with those at lower levels,
there is observed a pronounced downward tendency in the number of
persons per room. This is due in large part to the smaller size of
families at the higher economic level. Except at the low economic
levels in Boston and Pittsburgh, the white families studied in all
categories in all cities in this region averaged less than one person per
room. In table 10 of the Tabular Summary the data from which
these figures were computed are available in more detail, by economic
level.
Garages.
The increasing importance of the automobile in enabling the Ameri
can worker to locate land and a house he can afford to buy is indicated
by the fact that in Buffalo, Manchester, Portland, Rochester, Scranton,
and Springfield more than half of the home owners among the groups
studied had garages. About one-third of the home owners in Boston,
Johnstown, and Pittsburgh possessed this facility, but less than a
fourth of those in Lancaster and Philadelphia. Among renters,
about half of the families in Rochester, about one-third in Buffalo
and Springfield, and about one-fifth in Scranton had the use of
garages, while in the remaining cities less than one-fifth were so
equipped.
1
0
For the purpose of calculating number of persons per room, hallways, open porches, kitchenettes,
dinettes, and baths were not counted as rooms.
57
EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS
T able
15.— Average number of persons per room at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1 9 3 4- 8 6
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
All fam
ilies
Item
E conom ic level—Families
with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
B o s to n
Number of families in survey _ _ ____
516
196
202
118
Average number of persons per room among—
Home owners __ __ __ _
Renters of houses __________________________
Renters of heated apartments. _. ________
Renters of unheated apartments___ .
.68
.83
.‘ 73
.85
.85
1.03
1.21
1.06
.67
.71
.78
.74
.49
.47
.63
.56
Number of families in survey_ __
_
450
133
189
128
Average number of persons per room among—
Homeowners.. ________________ . _
Renters of houses
. . .
Renters of heated apartments 1
Renters of unheated apartments_
_
______ . . .
.63
.66
.89
.92
.56
.63
.48
.47
.66
.84
.62
.49
Number of families in survey _ .
153
112
30
11
Average number of persons per room among—
Home owners________________
______
Renters of houses
______
Renters of heated apartments 1
_
_
Renters of unheated apartments 1
.77
.84
.91
.94
.48
.58
.33
.50
75
46
30
.61
.70
.72
.74
.81
.92
. 54
.61
. 62
.39
.49
. 62
146
76
41
29
.68
.80
.51
.47
.77
.93
.69
.46
Number of families in survey ___________________ _____ ____
498
204
152
142
Average number of persons per room among—
Homeowners.. . . . _ _____ ____ ___ ____________ .
Renters of houses____ _ _
_______________________
Renters of heated apartments __________ _______ ______
Renters of unheated apartments 1
_____________
.70
.72
.75
.89
.92
1. 21
.63
.62
.68
.48
.52
.62
346
151
.80
.85
<82
1. 08
1.07
1.09
1.00
1. 30
B u ffa lo
_ . .
J o h n sto w n
L a n ca ster
Number of families in survey____
.
.
.
151
Average number of persons per room among—
Home owners________________
_______
Renters of houses . .
_ _
Renters of heated apartments. _ _ __________ ______
Renters of unheated apartments 1
_ _
M a n c h e s ter
Number of families in survey
Average number of persons per room among—
Home owners... ._ _.
__ _ __
. . . _. __ __ .
Renters of houses 1___ _ .
_
__ _
Renters of heated apartments 1
__
Renters of unheated apartments____ __________________
P h ila d elp h ia
P ittsb u rg h
Number of families in survey________________ __________
_
Average number of persons per room among—
Home owners.__
. . . _____________ _________
Renters of houses . . .
______
__ . . . ____________
Renters of heated apartments.. ______ __ _ _______ ._
Renters of unheated apartments_ . . . .
_
_
_ _ .. .
1Information not presented because of smaller number of families
in this classiffication.
119
.63
.69
.90
1.07
76
.47
.61
.73
.49
58
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC RECJTON
15.— Average number of persons per room at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1984—
36— Continued
All fam
ilies
Item
E conom ic level—Fam ilies
with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
P o rtla n d
Number of families in survey_
_
__ ____________________
_
153
66
50
37
.64
1. 02
.59
.46
.84
.77
1.06
.92
.85
.66
.57
.49
301
95
115
91
.60
.60
.70
.67
.76
.77
.85
.86
.62
.52
.66
.61
.46
.43
. 65
. 45
Number of families in survey_ _ ________________________
_
231
96
95
40
Average number of persons per room among—
Homeowners_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________________
Renters of houses
_ __
_______ ____________ _
_
Renters of heated apartments__ __ ________________ __ _
Renters of unheated apartments_______________________ _
.72
.69
.76
.78
.93
.83
.87
.90
.58
.68
.81
.74
.41
.50
. 66
.51
248
81
99
68
. 72
.78
.75
.70
1.00
.92
.80
.86
.64
.67
.86
.69
.51
.59
.60
.51
Average number of persons per room among—
Homeowners___ _ .
. .
_______ ______ _______ ___
Renters of houses U .. __ ____________________ ____ ___
Renters of heated apartments__________ _____________ _
Renters of unheated apartments______ _______ ___________
R och ester
Number of families in survey___ . .
__________________
Average number of persons per room among—
H o m eow n ers..____ ____ ____
. . . _________ . _
Renters of houses
_
________ _______ _______ . . .
Renters of heated apartments___ _________________ . . .
Renters of unheated apartments___ ___________________
S cra n ton
S p rin g field
Number of families in survey
______
_________ _
_ __ _
Average number of persons per room among—
Home owners.__
. __
_ _ _ ___ ______ _ _
Renters of houses . . . _______________ ___________ ___ _
Renters of heated apartments___ _ ___________ ___ _ _
Renters of unheated apartments____ __ ______ __________
1 Information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Facilities.
Among the white families included in the investigation who rented
their homes, about two-thirds in Portland, about one-half in Man
chester and Scranton, one-third in Johnstown and Springfield, about
one-fourth in Boston and Pittsburgh, and one-fifth or less in the other
cities lived in dwellings without one or more of the following facilities:
running hot and cold water, inside flush toilets, electric lights, and gas
or electricity for cooking. In all cities, the percentage of home
owners lacking these facilities was considerably smaller than the
percentage of renters. In table 16 are shown, for both owners and
renters, the proportions of families whose homes were equipped with
specified facilities. It will be observed that, in general, the proportion
of home owners with modern equipment was larger than the propor
tion of renters. In Rochester, Philadelphia, and Scranton, however,
the facilities of the home-owning and renting families were very simi
lar. A considerable proportion of renting families, and even some
59
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
among home-owning families, shared the use of the toilet with other
families. Electric refrigerators, telephones, central heating, and
PROPORTION OF FAMILIES OF WAGE EARNERS AND
L O W E R -S A L A R IE D C LE R IC A L WORKERS HAVING
S E L E C T E D HOUSING F A C IL IT IE S AT
SU C C ESSIVE ECONOMIC LE V E LS
SCRANTON, 1934-1935
WHITE FAMILIES
o
20
40
PERCENT
60
80
100
R U N N IN G W A T E R ,H O T
AND COLD; INSIDE FLUSH
TOILET, ELECTRIC LIGHTS,
AND GAS OR ELECTRIC
IT Y FOR COOKING (A L L
F IV E IT E M S )
C E N T R A L H E A T IN G
TELEPHONE
ECONOMIC
LEVEL
(ANNUAL AMOUNT SP EN T
P E R EXPENDITURE U N IT )
$300
UNDER
$400
*300
0*g“R
*400
0USg„
$600
$600
and
OVER
U S. BUREAU OF LABO R STATISTICS
running hot and cold water were much more frequently found at the
high than at the low economic levels. (See table 9 of the Tabular
Summary.)
60
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
16.— Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year, 1 year during the
period 1984-36
100.0
100.0
69.4
75.0
55.6
88.9
76.4
69.1
9.1
76 4
92.7
98.2
41.8
50.9
87.3
87.3
87.9
78.8
24.2
89.4
97.0
30.9
14.6
45.1
56.1
97.7
97.7
17.7
96.2
99.2
98.5
48.5
60.8
76.2
96.9
100.0
50.0
90.7
84.4
63.9
92.3
54. 5
71.2
106
252
205
117
171
176
182
85.2 *25. 5
90.1 79.2
21.0 7.5
87.7 51.9
95.1 100.0
95.1 98.1
21.0 23.6
7.4 12.3
37.0 24. 5
58.0 50.9
96.0
96.4
23.4
92.1
95 6
93.7
71.8
35.9
13.7
84.6
99.1
95.7
37.6
19.7
20.5
54.7
63.6
9.9
97.1
99.4
96.5
19.3
47.4
52.0
73.7
12. 5
75.6
93.2
92.0
19.9
72.0
74.2
20.3
78.0
14.3
32.9
48.0
59.5
97.1
41.5
77.1
93.2
83.4
36.1
20.5
32.7
51.2
97.1
94.5
18.4
36.2
24.2
50.6
70.7
77.2
16.3
72.8
89.1
96.7
21.7
20.7
38.0
50.0
22.2
50.0
56.8
98.9
27.5
31.3
25.3
59.9
85.3
68.5
80.2
88.9
74.6
33.3
97.1
51.1
61.5
Buffalo
90.2
94.1
23.5
90.2
75.8
97.6
43.5
95.2
96.7
98.0
90.3
43.5
51.6
52.4
59.7
94.3
97.1
28.6
91.4
98.6
98.6
51.4
24.3
65.7
82.9
80.0
62.5
70.0
95.0
98.0
53.9
36.3
43.1
64.7
82.0
78.7
26.2
80.3
95.1
98.4
39.3
31.1
67.2
77.0
93.9
98.0
47.5
62. 5
82.5
85.0
84.3
91.9
75.4
91.4
414
326
81
64.5
85.7
17.1
84.1
55.8
96.6
31.6
97.1
24.6
4.1
17.9
37.0
73.4
100.0 100.0
88.0
100.0 98.5
92 ‘
20.0 32.1
100.0 99.2
41. 5
20.2
100.0 63.9
100.0 64.8
Springfield
33.3
94.4
40
Scranton
83.3
31.2
85.1
99.3
91.5
53.2
32.6
58.9
70.9
70
Rochester
69.5
61
Portland
Pittsburgh
6
6
Manchester
55
Lancaster
130
Johnstown
36
124
Number of families who rented
principal home at end of sched
ule year_______ ___________
Percentage of renters having—
Central heat---- ---- _ .
Gas or electricity for cooking.
Electric refrigerator________
Running hot water________
Inside flush toilet____ . . . .
Sole use of toilet________ . . .
Telephone________________
Garage__________
______
Garden space______________
Play space------------- ----Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running
. hot water, electric lights,
and gas or electricity for
cooking--------------------
141
102
Number of families who owned
principal home at end of
schedule year-----------------Percentage of owners having—
Central heat----------------Gas or electricity for cooking.
E lectiic refrigerator--------Running hot water________
Inside flush toilet-----------Sole use of toilet___________
Telephone_________________
Garage____________________
Garden space______________
Play space_____ ________
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running
hot water, electric lights,
and gas or electricity for
cooking---- ---------------
246
Boston
Item
Philadelphia
j
j
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
48.5
57.6
66.7
75.8
100.0
Housing expenditures.
When families are classified according to economic level, the pro
portion of total expenditures devoted to housing, fuel, light, and
refrigeration combined showed a slightly declining movement from
lower to higher expenditure levels, except in Pittsburgh. (See table 3,
Tabular Summary.) In part this tendency is a reflection of the smaller
families found at the higher economic levels, but it also occurs when
families of one size or type are isolated and their housing expenditures
followed from one income level to another.
Home owners.— Among home owners, average current expenditures
for housing (not including payments for fuel, light, and refrigeration)
for all families in the cities included in this report ranged from $110
in Manchester to $302 in Rochester. Included in the total of current
housing expenditures for home owners are taxes, assessments, repairs
and replacements, fire and liability insurance on home, interest on
61
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
mortgages, and refinancing charges. The largest of these items were
taxes, and interest on mortgage, followed by repairs and replacements.
In all of the cities studied, there was a notable increase in amount
devoted to housing expenditure by home-owning families at higher
economic levels as compared with those at lower levels, though the
increase was not proportionate to the increase in unit expenditure for
all items. The average amount invested in their homes by home
owners making such investments during the year studied ranged from
$146 in Springfield to $234 in Scranton. Investment in housing has
been treated to include both payment on principal of mortgage and
that for permanent improvements to a home, such as addition of an
entirely new enclosed porch. Such investments showed a regular
tendency to increase with economic level.
T able 17.— Housing expenditures, 1 year during the period 1934-36
Lancaster
Manchester
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Portland
Rochester
121
$212
60
$198
70
$170
39
$110
244
$192
141
$259
34
$190
128
$302
55
$183
66
$259
$161
$419
$190
$363
$205
$301
$182
$316
$161
$288
$223
$325
$181
$408
$230
$362
$178
$410
$234
$371
$146
$343
$140
$151
$102
$147
$178
$133
$149
$172
$108
$189
$84
19
208
132
$24
$26
l
Scranton
Springfield
Johnstown
101
$279
i
Buffalo
Item
Boston
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
H o m e o w n e r s fo r 12 m o n th s
Number of families____________
Average current expenditure 1__
Average amount invested during
year in owned home 2
________
Average annual rental value____
Average imputed income from
equity in own home_________
R e n te r s o f h o u ses f o r 12 m o n th s
Number of families _ _________
Average monthly rental rate
paid1
___
____________
46
71
75
57
$30
$23
$17
$21
18
9
(8
)
17
84
59
33
$25
(8
)
$24
$23
R en te r s o f a p a rtm en ts w ith heat
in clu d ed in ren t fo r 12 m o n th s
Number of families_____
_
Average monthly rental rate
paid1
______ _______
63
$34
(8
)
306
237
$26
$21
(8
)
Number of families in survey___ 516
Average expenditure for owned
vacation home 1_____________ $0.10
Number of families spending for
rent on vacation or trip____ _
32
Average expenditure for rent on
vacation or trip per family
making such expenditure 1
----$15
Number of families spending
1
for rent at school __________
450
153
(8
)
5
22
$20
39
22
20
23
37
32
$26
(8
)
$30
$27
$33
$28
$28
R e n te r s o f a pa r tm e n ts w ith heat
not in clu ded in ren t fo r 12
m o n th s
Number of families____________
Average monthly rental rate
paid 1 ________ ___________
7
2
79
$16
(8
)
50
77
58
80
115
$22
1
(8
)
$21
$24
$22
$23
346
153
301
231
248
0 $1. 58 $0.14
0
0
S eco n d a ry h ou sin g
151
146
498
0 $0.07
0
0
29
9
8
6
47
22
14
13
7
10
$18
$12
$14
$24
$20
$16
$16
$47
$17
$30
1
1
0
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
0
1The averages in this table are based on the average housing expenditures of the families cooperating in
the survey and are in no sense the cost of dwellings with equivalent facilities in the 11 cities.
2Per family making such investment.
3Information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
62
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
The home owners cooperating in the study supplied the field in
vestigators with their estimates of the annual rental value of the
homes. The averages for the home-owning families in the 11 cities
varied from $419 in Boston to $288 in Manchester.1 When the
1
amount which home-owning families estimated they would have had
to pay to rent their homes at market prices is compared with their
current housing expenditures, there is a net difference of income in
kind, which may be called the imputed income from equity in owned
home. The average amount of this imputed income to the home
owning families is shown in table 17 to range from $84 in Springfield
to $189 in Scranton.
There may have been some tendency, however for home owners
to overestimate the rental value of their homes, based on an under
standable reluctance to allow sufficient depreciation or to recognize
the extent of the fall in rental values which had taken place in most
cities during the depression. For these reasons, the imputed incomes
may be a little high. Another factor which tends to cut down the
apparent differential advantage of home owners as opposed to renters
is that home owners are less able to move about with changing em
ployment opportunities. The instability of many lines of employ
ment today makes it highly desirable that a worker be able to move
himself and his family to new locations from time to time if they are
not to suffer severely from some local stoppage of work.
Renters.— Rental rates paid in the cities studied in this region ranged
from $16 to $34 per month (table 17) depending on the city and type
of accommodation rented. There was a distinct tendency, as indicated
in table 10 of the Tabular Summary, for rental rates to increase with
increases in the economic level of the cooperating families.
Vacation housing.— Few of the wage-earners’ and clerical workers’
families studied included in the family budget expenditures for housing
on vacation or trips. For most of them, their city home was the one
lived in during the summer as well as the winter.
One family in Lancaster and one in Rochester, two families in
Boston, and six in Portland owned vacation homes. The average
current expenditure per family owning vacation home (excluding pay
ments on principal or permanent improvements) was $11 in Lan
caster, $26 in Boston, $40 in Portland, and $42 in Rochester.
1
1
The rank order of the average rentals as estimated by home owners for the 8 cities in this region covered
both by the present investigation and by the Works Progress Administration study of “ Cost of living in
59 cities” is not the same as the rank order of rental values obtained in the latter study. As mentioned
earlier, the Works Progress Administration investigation attempted to secure the cost of the same level of
living in each city covered. On the basis of the cost of a given level of housing, the 8 cities included in both
studies rank as follows from the highest to the lowest cost: Scranton, Boston, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia,
Rochester, Buffalo, Portland, and Manchester. When ranked from highest to lowest according to the
average values of owned homes reported by the wage earners and clerical workers covered in the present
investigation, the order is as follows: Boston, Rochester, Pittsburgh, Scranton, Buffalo, Portland, Phila
delphia, Manchester. One would judge from a comparison of the 2 types of ranking that the home owners
of Rochester are somewhat better off than the average for the entire home-owning group covered in the 8
cities, and those in Philadelphia and Scranton not as well off.
EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS
63
The proportion of families making expenditures for rent on vacation
or on other trips was smallest in Scranton, where but 7 families out of
231 reported expenditures of this type. The proportion was largest in
Philadelphia, where 47 out of 498 families paid rent either on vacation
or other trips out of town. The average expenditure per family paying
rent while traveling ranged from $12 in Johnstown to $47 in Rochester.
In all the cities studied, there was a sharp increase in the average
amount paid for rent on trips with rise in economic level.
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.— The cold winters usually experienced
in the cities in the North Atlantic region 1 are reflected in the inroads
2
upon family funds required by the annual fuel bill. As is seen in
table 18, expenditures were heaviest in winter and fall, indicating that
but few of the families of workers have sufficient reserve funds or
storage facilities to lay in a coal supply when they might take ad
vantage of the lower prices prevalent during the summer season.
Expenditures in this category in spring and summer consist chiefly of
payments for electricity, gas, and refrigeration (ice, or fuel for a
mechanical refrigerator).
In table 11 of the Tabular Summary, detailed information is pre
sented for expenditures on all types of fuel, light, and refrigeration,
including electricity, anthracite, bituminous coal, coke, briquets,
wood, fuel oil, gas, kerosene, gasoline not used for automobiles, and
ice. Since the actual amount paid for fuel, light, and refrigeration
depends to a large extent on whether a house or an apartment is
involved, and whether the rent paid the landlord includes heat, data
are presented separately for families in four categories, as well as in
the form of averages for all families. As would be expected, the
largest total payments for fuel, light, and refrigeration were made by
families heating houses, with coal, electricity, and gas constituting the
largest items of expenditure. The second largest payments were
made by families which purchased fuel to heat apartments, where heat
was not included in rent, with the same three items taking the greatest
expenditures.
When families paying separately for heat were classified by amount
of unit expenditure for all items of family living (table 11 of the
Tabular Summary), the dollar expenditures for fuel, light, and refrig
eration showed a slight increase from low to high levels. The fact
that they did not rise more sharply indicates the basic nature of the
requirements for fuel and light. As funds available for spendingincreased, electricity expenditures generally showed a greater increase
from low to high economic levels than those for any other commodity
included in this group of items.
1
2
Normal mean temperatures for November, December, January, February, and March are: Boston,
33.4; Buffalo, 29.8; Philadelphia, 37.8; Pittsburgh, 36.0; Rochester, 29.8; Johnstown, 34.7; Lancaster, 35.4;
Portland, 28.7; Scranton, 32.2; Springfield, 31.6; and for Concord, N. H. (data for Manchester are not avail
able), 27.8.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
64
T able
18.— Expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, 1 year during the period
1934-86
Buffalo
Johnstown
Lancaster
Manchester
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Portland
Rochester
Scranton
516
450
153
151
146
498
346
153
301
231
248
Total expenditures for fuel, light,
and refrigeration for—
Year
___ . $141
44
______
Winter________
29
Spring------------------------------25
Summer .
______ _ __
43
Fall______________________
$121
40
21
18
42
$86
26
19
17
24
$129
38
28
28
35
$134
41
25
25
43
$125
39
24
24
38
$96
26
18
22
30
$136
41
25
21
49
$138
37
33
27
41
$119
37
25
23
34
$139
40
28
28
43
Item
Number of families in survey___
Springfield
Boston
1
j
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Other items of household operation.— Items of household operation
other than fuel, light, and refrigeration included water rent, telephone,
domestic service, laundry sent out, laundry soap and cleaning supplies,
and other miscellaneous items. Expenditures for these items, listed
in table 12 of the Tabular Summary, showed marked increase from
low to high economic levels, with the total expenditure approximately
doubling in the cities in this region. The items showing the greatest
response to change in economic level were telephones, domestic
service, laundry out, and insurance on furniture.
Furnishings and Equipment
The very high variability 1 of expenditures for housefurnishings
3
and equipment from family to family in a given year is shown by fig
ures presented in Tabular Summary table 24A, page 444.
Thus, in relation to the average expenditure of all families in the
cities in this region, the total furnishings and equipment expenditures
of individual families varied more than four times as much as did
their total food expenditures. These divergences are readily under
standable from the nature of the purchases involved. Major items
of furnishings and equipment are usually bought only at rare intervals
in a family’s lifetime, and many of even the smaller items in this
category are such that purchasing them can be dispensed with entirely
in a year of financial stringency.
The variability about the average of total expenditures of individual
families for furnishings and equipment shown in the Tabular Sum
mary, table 24A, would, of course, be greatly exceeded by the varia
bility of expenditures by these families for specific items of furnishings
or equipment. Thus the family which bought a living room suite last
year will, perhaps, make no other important addition to its stock of
1 For discussion of variability, see pp. 25-27.
3
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
65
furniture this year, but will save toward purchases in subsequent
years. On account of this high variability, average expenditures for
specific items of furniture and furnishings for relatively small groups
of families do not show significant movements, and the figures on the
details of furniture and equipment purchases have been presented as
regional averages rather than in terms of averages by cities. (See
Tabular Summary, table 18.)
Expenditures for furnishings and equipment, which were greatest
for furniture, electrical appliances, carpets and rugs, bedding, curtains,
and miscellaneous equipment, changed significantly with economic
level. At the lowest level, $33.64 was spent on the average for this
group of items, whereas families at the highest economic level spent
an average of $89.33 for this purpose.
At all economic levels, the items purchased by the largest proportion
of families were fundamentals of household equipment: brooms,
brushes, mops, light bulbs, cotton turkish towels, curtains, draperies,
sheets, dishcloths, cleaning cloths, pots, pans, and cutlery, and pillow
cases. There was very little change in the rank order of the propor
tion of families purchasing these items between the different economic
levels, indicating that they were mostly necessary replacements.
Of the various groups of items coming under the general head of
furnishings and equipment, furniture shows the largest increase in
average expenditure from lowest to highest economic level, and
electrical equipment the second largest increase.
When the average expenditure for living room suites is computed for
those families buying such furniture, 43 families of the 1,285 families
at the lowest economic level averaged $83; 47 of the 1,138 families at
the intermediate level averaged $108, and 46 of the 770 families at
the highest economic level averaged $127.
After electric light bulbs, the most frequently purchased items of
electrical equipment at all levels were lamps. At the low economic
level, electric irons ranked third in frequency of purchase with 71
families purchasing, and washing machines fourth with 68 families
purchasing. At the high level, electric refrigerators were third with
72 families purchasing, and vacuum cleaners fourth with 61 families
purchasing. Electric refrigerators received the largest average
expenditure at all levels.
Expenditures for carpets and rugs by families at the highest eco
nomic level averaged $6.17, as compared with $2.29 at the lowest level.
When these figures are converted to averages per family buying car
pets and rugs, 141 families at the lowest level averaged $21, whereas
160 families at the highest level averaged $30. On the other hand,
average expenditures for all families for equipment of a more strictly
utilitarian type, felt-base floor covering, were higher at the low level,
73 cents as compared with 61 cents at the high. Average expenditures
66
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
per family purchasing this type of floor covering were also slightly
larger at the low level.
T able
19.— Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic levels,
1 year during the period 1984-36
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers, in 11 cities combined]
Economic level — F a m ilie s
with annual unit expendi
ture of—
All fam i
lies
Under
$400 to $600 and
$400
$600
over
Item
Number of families in survey . . . _____
_____________ ____
3,193
1,285
1,138
770
Total expenditure for furnishings and e q u i p m e n t , ________
$57
$33
$59
$89
Furniture_____________________________________________
Textile furnishings,. .
_ - _______ _______ _______
Silver, china, and glassware____ ____________ ______
Electrical eq u ip m en t____ _____ _____ _____________ ____
Miscellaneous equipment ________ ______ _______ _______
15
14
7
14
14
1
18
9
1
0
1
9
6
27
1
20
1
0
20
2
28
1
2
100.0
100.0
23.7
23.7
1.7
33.9
17.0
30. 3
22.5
2. 2
31. 5
13.6
Percentage
Total expenditure for furnishings and equipment_____________
100.0
Furniture - __________ ____ _____________
Textile furnishings.
. . . ________ . _ ________________
Silver, china, and glassware_____________ _____________
Electrical equipment. ____________________________ . . .
Miscellaneous equipm ent. . . ___________________________
26.3
24. 6
1.8
31. 5
15.8
100.0
21. 2
30.3
3.0
27.3
18.2
Clothing 1
4
T o ta l e x p e n d itu r e p e r fa m il y f o r c lo th in g .
Clothing expenditures of individual families varied considerably
about the average for all families. Gifts of clothing, handing down
of garments from older to younger children, differences in the extent
of home sewing, and differences in clothing requirements for jobs, as
well as the age and sex composition of the family, tended to make for
substantial differences in clothing expenditures from family to family.
From data presented in table 24A of the Tabular Summary, it is seen
that the relative variability 1 of total expenditures for clothing, while
6
less than half as great as that for furnishings and equipment, was
almost twice as great as that for total food expenditures.
As would be expected, variations from family to family in expendi
tures for specific items of clothing were far greater than those for total
clothing expenditures. For this reason, average expenditures for
small groups of families for individual items would fail to disclose any
1
4
Throughout the bulletin, economic level is defined as the amount of annual unit expenditure. For
each of the tables showing details of expenditures, as many economic levels have been shown as the number
of cases and type of data for each particular table would allow. Since clothing expenditures are shown by
sex and age groups as well as by economic level, only three such levels are presented for Tabular Summary
table 17. They are: Under $400, $400 to $600, and $600 and over. The age groups shown for each sex are:
18 years of age and over, 12 through 17 years, 6 through 11 years, and 2 through 5 years. Purchases for chil
dren under 2 years old are shown without regard to sex.
1 For discussion of variability, see pp. 25-27 and 465.
6
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
67
significant tendencies. Therefore the data for clothing, as was true
of those for furnishings and equipment, are presented on a regional
basis, with the data for all families in the 11 cities combined
(Tabular Summary, table 17). They have been subdivided on the
basis of sex and age groups, since the type of garment purchased
changes greatly with these two factors.
Within the income ranges of this study, those for clothing are
among the most elastic of the major items of consumer expenditures.
With increases in economic resources among families of wage earners
and lower-salaried clerical workers, more and more of the family funds
go to solve the problem of what to wear. The larger average expendi
ture per family at the high economic level is the result not only of the
purchase of larger quantities of the same items purchased by families
at the low level, but also of greater variety and better quality of goods.
The universality of the custom of buying clothing ready-to-wear is
indicated by the overwhelming proportion of total clothing expendi
tures going to purchase ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and acces
sories. Expenditures for yard goods and findings used for sewing
garments at home averaged about $3 per family at each of the three
economic levels studied. Paid help for sewing was used so infre
quently that the average expenditure per family was only 7 cents at
the lowest economic level, 18 cents at the middle level, and 40 cents
at the highest.
Among families of wage earners and clerical workers, the custom
of exchanging gifts of clothing within the family at Christmas, birth
days, or other special occasions is quite extensive. If such presents
were paid for from family funds and exchanged within the economic
family, they were not recorded on the schedule as gifts, but simply as
clothing expenses of the family. If, however, gifts were received from
persons outside the family circle, an attempt was made to ascertain
their value. Fifty-five percent of the families at the low economic
level, 53 percent at the intermediate level, and 58 percent at the high
economic level reported receiving them. The value of these gifts
averaged about $9 per family. A large proportion of the families
receiving gifts could not, however, estimate the value of the items
received, and these figures do not, therefore, give a complete account
of this item.
C lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e s f o r m e n a n d b o y s .
Total clothing expenditures per person decreased through each age
group from an average of $45 for men and boys 18 years and over to
$17 for boys aged 2 to 5 years. Within each of these age groups the
average expenditure per person more than doubled from the low to the
high economic level.1 The consistent decrease in average expendi6
w See footnote on p. 66. See Tabular Summary, table 17.
68
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Fig. 9
DI ST RI BUT ION OF A N N U A L C L O T H I N G
E X P E N D I T U R E S FOR I N D I V I D U A L S IN F A M I L I E S
AT S U C C E S S I V E E C O N O M I C L E V E L S
ELEVEN CITIES IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC AREA
1934 - 1936
WHITE FAMILIES
U. S. BUREAU
OF
LABOR STATISTICS
69
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
tures from the highest to the lowest age group was maintained at each
of the three economic levels distinguished.
T able 20.— Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in families
at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36
[Men and boys in white families of wage earners and clerical workers in 11 cities combined]
Sex and age group, and type of
clothing
Men and boys 18 years of age and
over:
Headwear___________________
Outerwear.._ ___ ____ ___
Underwear________ _____ _____
Footwear_________ _ __
Miscellaneous items___________
Total_____________________ _
Boys 12 through 17 years:
Headwear______________ ______
Outerwear______ ___________
Underwear____ _ _____________
Footwear_____ ________ _____
Miscellaneous items___________
Total_____________ ________
Boys 6 through 11 years:
Headwear____ ________________
Outerwear___________________
Underwear.. _ ____________ __
Footwear_____________________
Miscellaneous items___________
Total_____________________
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under $400 to
$400
$600
P ercen t P ercent
$600
and
over
P ercen t
4.7
50.9
7.0
26.5
10.9
4.8
50.4
7.2
28.1
9.5
P ercen t
4.9
52.1
7.2
24.8
11.0
4.8
53.6
7.1
21.7
12.8
69. 80
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.97
23.97
2.99
14.17
3. 45
1.38
33. 50
4. 26
19.17
5. 55
2.1
50.6
6.7
34.5
6.1
2.1
49.5
6.7
36.6
5.1
2.1
52.6
6.6
31.1
7.6
2.2
52.4
6. 7
30.0
8.7
27. 80
45. 55
63. 86
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.48
11.06
2.03
10.80
1.28
.38
8.58
1. 88
9. 61
.88
.71
16. 31
3.02
12.95
2.05
1.05
21.46
4. 06
18. 64
3. 59
1.9
43.1
7.9
42.1
5.0
1.8
40.2
8.8
45.1
4.1
2.0
46.5
8.6
37.0
5.9
2.2
43.9
8.3
38.2
7.4
$2.12
22.90
3.15
11.90
4. 89
$1.41
14.89
2.13
8.31
2. 80
$2. 29
24.34
3. 34
11. 59
5.12
$3. 35
37.47
4. 94
15.14
8.90
44.96
29. 54
46. 68
.68
16. 68
2.19
11. 36
2.01
.57
13. 77
1.85
10.19
1.42
32. 92
25. 65
21.33
35.04
48. 80
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Boys 2 through 5 years:
Headwear___ _______________
Outerwear____________________
Underwear____ ______ ______
Footwear_____________________
Miscellaneous items___________
.29
7.02
2.10
6.91
.71
.18
5.15
1. 51
5.59
.42
.39
9. 64
2. 62
8. 49
.93
.89
12. 96
5.40
10. 56
2. 47
1.7
41. 2
12.3
40.6
4.2
1.4
40.0
11.8
43.5
3.3
1.8
43.6
11.9
38.5
4.2
2.8
40.1
16.7
32.7
7.7
Total_______________________
17. 03
12. 85
22. 07
32. 28
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
When clothing expenditures of men and boys are summarized ac
cording to expenditures for headwear, outerwear, underwear, footwear,
and miscellaneous items, it appears that expenditures for outerwear
(which has been defined to include shirts as well as suits, trousers,
overcoats, jackets, sweaters, and similar items) and for footwear (de
fined to include hose of all types, shoes, slippers, rubbers, and over
shoes) required from 77 to 85 percent of the total spent by each age
group. The percentage of total expenditure going to outerwear for
boys aged both 12 through 17 years and 6 through 11 was larger at
the high level than at the low. In the case of footwear, the reverse
was found to be true for boys in both of these age groups. On the
other hand, within each age class, the group of miscellaneous items
including ties and cleaning and repairing accounted for an increasing
proportion of total clothing expenditure with rise in economic level.
70
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
This group of items received a decreasing proportion of the total
from the higher to the lower age groups.
Shoes were purchased by a larger proportion of men and boys aged
18 and over than any other single item of clothing. A t the low
economic level, the average was about 1.4 pairs of street shoes per
person purchasing, at an average price of about $3.33 per pair, as
contrasted with 1.7 pairs at a price of approximately $4.60 at the
high economic level. Cotton shirts were the item next most fre
quently purchased at the low economic level. Garments which have
a relatively short period of wear, such as ties and cotton hose, were
the third most frequently purchased items.
Wool suits claimed the largest proportion of each dollar spent for
clothing by men and boys in this age group. At the low economic
level, they were purchasing either a heavy or a lightweight wool suit
about once in 3% years and paying on the average between $20 and
$22 per suit. At the high level, 1 in 3 men bought a heavy wool suit
and a lightweight wool suit, indicating that on the average a man at
that level was getting a new heavy or lightweight suit once every
year and a half. The average price paid at this level was about $27
for a heavy suit and $24 for a lightweight suit. Overcoats repre
sented the next greatest expenditure. They were purchased by 1 in
8 men at the low economic level, or the group was buying at the rate
of a new overcoat for each man once in 8 years. The average price
paid for these coats was about $19. A t the high level, the group was
buying overcoats at the rate of a new coat every 4 years, at an
average price of $26.
About 51 percent of the men and boys aged 18 years and over
availed themselves of cleaning and repairing services, at an average
expenditure per man using such services of $3 per year.
C lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e s f o r w o m e n a n d girls.
Clothing expenditures for women and girls were, in general, similar
to those for men and boys but, in almost all groups, higher. Thus,
men over 18 averaged $45, while women averaged $51. It is also
significant that women make greater adjustments in their clothing
expenditures than men. Thus, women in families at the lowest
economic level surveyed spent 37 percent less than the average, while
men in the same group spent 34 percent less. Apparently the econ
omies inevitable at the low level made it necessary for women who
stayed at home to depart further from the clothing standards of their
group than the men who went out to work. On the other hand,
women in the highest economic group surveyed spent 63 percent
more than the average, while men in this group spent 55 percent
more.
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
71
Average expenditures per person ranged from $51 for women and
girls 18 years of age and over to $18 for girls aged 2 to 5 years. Ex
penditures declined consistently for the lower age groups, except those
for girls aged 12 through 17 at the intermediate expenditure level,
which were slightly higher than those for the oldest group at this
plane of spending. Amounts spent for girls 2 through 5 years were
slightly over 40 percent of those of the women and girls 18 years of age
and over at the low and intermediate expenditure levels, and 30
percent at the high expenditure level.
T able
21.— Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in families
at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934—
36
[Women and girls in white families of wage earners and clerical workers in 11 cities combined]
All
families
Sex and age group and type of
clothing
W omen mid girls 18 years of age and
over:
Headwear____ _ ____ . ______
Outerwear___________ _ ___
Underwear_______
_____
Footwear____ ___ __ _ ___
Miscellaneous items____ __
Total.. _________________
Economic level—Fam
ilies with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under
$400 $400 to
$600
over
$600
and
over
All
fam
ilies
Economic level—Fam
ilies with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
P ercen t P ercen t P ercent
$3.14
22.08
6.56
15. 46
3. 70
$1.80
13.09
4.09
11.20
1.81
$3. 38
23. 46
7.29
16. 49
3.96
$5. 44
37. 82
10. 25
22. 38
7.11
6.2
43.3
12.9
30.3
7.3
5.6
40.9
12.8
35.0
5.7
6.2
42.9
13.4
30.2
7.3
$600
and
over
P ercent
6.6
45.5
12.3
27.0
8.6
..
50.94
31.99
54.58
83.00
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
Girls 12 through 17 years:
Headwear____________________
Outerwear _ _ _ . ______ ..
Underwear. __ _______________
Footwear _ ____ . . . ___ _ __
Miscellaneous items_________ .
1.56
15.32
3. 89
14.14
2.18
1.20
11.73
2.88
11.98
1.41
2. 51
23. 51
6.18
19. 86
3. 92
3. 52
38.18
10.03
23. 72
7.04
4.2
41.3
10.5
38.1
5.9
4.1
40.2
9.9
41.0
4.8
4.5
42.0
11.0
35.5
7.0
4.3
46.2
12.2
28.8
8.5
Total_______________________
37.09
29.20
55. 98
82. 49
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.72
9. 37
2. 57
10. 34
1.15
.53
6. 85
1.97
.8. 55
.77
1.08
14. 57
4.00
14. 02
1.87
1.54
20. 78
4. 31
18. 92
3. 36
3.0
38.8
10.6
42.8
4.8
2.8
36.7
10.6
45.8
4.1
3.0
41.0
11.3
39.4
5.3
3.1
42.5
8.8
38.7
6.9
24.15
18. 67
35. 54
48.91
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.41
7. 52
2. 34
6.62
.72
.27
5. 67
1.69
5. 34
.50
.68
10. 22
3. 26
8. 57
.98
.26
10. 86
3. 76
8. 33
1.33
2.3
42.7
13.3
37.6
4.1
2.0
42.1
12. 5
39.7
3.7
2.9
43.1
13.7
36.2
4.1
1.1
44.3
15.3
33.9
5.4
17. 61
13.47
23.71
24.54
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Girls 6 through 11 years:
Headwear___ _ _____ ________
Outerwear___ __ ___________
Underwear. ____ __ ______ _
Footwear.. _ . _______ . . . . _
Miscellaneous items. _ _______ _
Total
_ ______________
Girls 2 through 5 years:
Headwear.
.
. . . . . . __ __
Outerwear. __ ______ ____ _
Underwear... _______
____
Footwear _.
. .. _ __ ____
Miscellaneous items....... .............
T o ta l_______ ______________
A summary of the clothing expenditures of women and girls by type
of clothing purchased is presented in table 21. The distribution of
clothing expenditures among garments of different types was similar to
that of men and boys. A larger percentage was devoted to outerwear,
underwear, and footwear by the women and girls, however, and a
smaller percentage to headwear. Expenditures for outerwear and
footwear again accounted for about 80 percent of the total clothing
53959°— 39------6
72
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
expenditures of each age group, except those of women and girls 18
years and over, where the proportion was somewhat smaller. For each
age group, the percentage for outerwear was larger at the high economic
level, and that for footwear smaller.
Expenditures for underwear accounted for 10 to 13 percent of the
total expenditure for each of the age groups. Little variation with
economic level was shown in the proportion of expenditures going for
underwear for the oldest group. The proportion spent for underwear
increased at the high level for girls 12 through 17 and 2 through 5,
and decreased for girls 6 through 11. Miscellaneous expenditures,
representing on the average between 7 and 4 percent of total expendi
tures, increased markedly with rise in economic level. Expenditures
for headwear averaged about $3, or 6 percent of total clothing expend
itures, for women and girls 18 years of age and over, and decreased
through each age group to an average of 41 cents, or about 2 percent,
for little girls 2 through 5 years of age.
Shoes and silk hose were the items purchased by larger proportions
of women and girls aged 18 and over than any other single item of
clothing. Shoes ranked first and silk hose second at the low economic
level, while this order was reversed at the high. Felt hats were pur
chased by the third largest number of women at both low and high
economic levels.
The item which accounted for the largest proportion of the dollar
spent for clothing by women and girls 18 and over was shoes. A t the
low economic level 16 cents, and at the high level 12 cents, of the
average woman’s clothing dollar was so spent. At the low and high
economic levels respectively the following percentages of the women
studied had expenditures for the indicated types of shoes, and the
average prices paid were as shown:
Low economic level High economic level
Type of shoe
Street _ __ _____ _________
_________ _ _ _ _ _
Dress___ _____ _
_ __ _______ _____ _ __ _
Sport___ _ ________ _ ________________ ____________
Percent
age
Average
price
Percent
age
74
24
14
$3
3
2
79
32
23
Average
price
$4
4
3
Silk hose and silk and rayon dresses were the next largest items
of expenditure for women and girls aged 18 and over. A t the low
economic level, an average of 8 pairs of hose per year were purchased
by 74 percent of the women. The average price paid per pair was
55 cents. A t the high level, the corresponding figures increased to
13 pairs for 85 percent of the women, at an average price of 73 cents.
Approximately half of the women at the low economic level bought
rayon or silk dresses, and paid on the average $4.79 per dress. This
EXPENDITURES EOR SPECIFIED GOODS
73
may be contrasted with two-thirds of the women at the high level
who spent distinctly more, an average of $7 per dress. Fur-trimmed
coats were purchased by 1 woman out of 11 at the low level, and cost
on the average $25.
Occupational differences in the clothing expenditures o f adults.
Expenditures for clothing by the adults included in the study were
found to have been affected to an important degree by the occupation
of the persons included in the study, as well as by the economic level
of the family. An analysis of the relative effect of occupation and
social environment on clothing expenditures has been made for all
white persons studied in the 11 North Atlantic cities and 31 other
cities combined. The total clothing expenditures of men and women
engaged in clerical work were contrasted with the expenditures of
those in manual work and those at home without gainful employment,
and of boys and girls at school, after elimination of any effect upon
those differences which might be due to differing incomes or family
composition. (See appendix G, pp. 511 to 514.)
Among the employed workers under 21, for both men and women,
differences between average expenditures for clothing by wage earners
and by clerical workers were negligible. A t older ages, however, for
both men and women, the expenditures of clerical workers were con
sistently greater than those of wage earners. The differences varied
for men from 7 percent in the group aged 21 to 24 years to 15 percent
in the group aged 27 to 30. The greater expenditure for clothing by
clerical workers than by wage earners was less pronounced for women
than for men up to the 27th year, but thereafter was much more
pronounced for women, reaching a maximum difference of 44 percent
in the age group 42 to 48.
Average clothing expenditures of men and women at home without
gainful employment were substantially lower than those of employed
individuals. Among the men, expenditures of clerical workers exceeded
those of men at home by 38 percent or more for the groups aged 15 to
21, and by 100 percent or more for the groups aged 21 to 60. For
women the comparable figures are somewhat less striking, 15 percent
for the group aged 15 to 18 and from 52 to 78 percent for the groups
from 18 to 60 years of age. The fact that it is more customary for
adult women to be at home without gainful employment than for
adult men, whereas most of the men found in this situation were
involuntarily at home because of unemployment, probably explains
this very low level of clothing expenditure for these men.
Clothing expenditures for boys aged 15 to 21 at school were onefifth to one-fourth greater than those of boys of the same age who
were unemployed and at home, but were in turn exceeded by 13 per
cent or more by clothing expenditures of clerical workers in the same
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
74
sex-age group. Girls at school aged 15 to 18 spent 7 percent more
than girls at home, but girl clerical workers of that age spent 7 per
cent more than the school girls. At the next age level, 18 to 21, girl
clerical workers spent 25 percent more than school girls, who in turn
spent 22 percent more than girls at home.
At every age level, in comparable occupational categories, the
women spent more for clothing than did men, the average expenditure
for women clerical workers aged 24 to 27 being 45 percent greater
than that for men clerical workers of the same age, and the differences
in the age group 36 to 42 for the same occupations being 57 percent.
Women wage earners aged 24 to 27 spent 46 percent more for clothing
than men wage earners of the same age, and in the age group 36 to
42 the difference was 23 percent.
The relationships discussed in the foregoing paragraphs may be
seen graphically in figure A .1
7
Transportation
In all cities studied in this region, expenditures for transportation
showed a sharp increase at the higher economic levels as compared
with the lower, more than doubling from low to high levels in each
city.
(See Tabular Summary, table 13.) The chief factor in this
increased expenditure was the automobile, since the average outlays
for all other forms of transportation increased but slightly from low
to high economic levels.
The upward swing in expenditures for automobile maintenance and
operation at higher economic levels is indicated in table 22. Not only
did the percentage of families owning automobiles rise markedly, but
the average amount spent for operation and maintenance also showed
a substantial increase.
Twenty-nine percent of the white families studied in Scranton oper
ated automobiles, whereas 55 percent of the families in Buffalo had
their own cars. A smaller proportion of the families covered operated
their own cars in Boston, Philadelphia, and Pittsburgh than in the
other cities except Scranton. This is due in large part to the high
cost of garage and parking space and the traffic conditions typical of
metropolitan areas generally which make automobile operation rela
tively expensive. Expenditures of all sorts for automobile transporta
tion formed 35, 49, and 58 percent, respectively, of total transporta
tion expense among the families surveyed in these three cities. In
the other cities covered in this region, the proportions were much
larger, varying from 66 to 84 percent.
The proportion of families purchasing automobiles within the sched
ule year (table 13 of the Tabular Summary) was naturally much
smaller than the proportion of families owning cars. None of the 151
v
The data on which this chart is based are shown in appendix G, table D, p. 511.
75
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
ESTIMATED ANNUAL CLOTHING EXPENDITURES
BY PERSONS OF DIFFERENT AGE, SEX, AND OCCUPATION
42
CITIES COMBINED
I.OO- $56.68
0 2
6
9
1
2
1
5
1 2 2 2 30
8 1 4 7
3
6
42
48
54
60
66
3
6
42
48
5
4
60
6
6
AGE
0 2
6
9
1
2
1 1 2 24 2 30
5 8 1
7
AGE
•AFTER ELIMINATING THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENCES IN FAMILY
SIZE AND INCOME. BASED ON DATA FROM WHITE FAMILIES.
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR.STATISTICS
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
76
families scheduled in Lancaster bought a new car during the year. In
the other cities, 4 percent or less of the families purchased new cars
during the schedule year, while second-hand cars were bought by 3
percent of the families studied in Boston, Pittsburgh, and Scranton,
and 10 percent of the families in Portland.
Net expenditures for automobiles, new and second-hand, averaged
$173 per family purchasing in Lancaster and $420 in Pittsburgh. The
average for the remaining nine cities ranged between $200 and $400.1
8
T able
22 .— Expenditures for automobile operation and maintenance for automobile
owners at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1984-36
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
City and item
All
families
Economic level—Families with an
nual unit expenditure of—
Under $400 $400 to $600
$600 and
over
B oston
Number of families in survey, _____ ______________
Percentage of families owning automobiles _ ______ ' _
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobile___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil_________ _______ ________
Garage rent and parking__________ __________
Other_______________________ ____ ____ _____
516
14.1
196
6.1
202
11.9
$168
$133
$167
$180
43.6
8.4
48.0
45.7
9.6
44.7
40.8
6.3
52.9
44.8
9.4
45.8
450
54.7
133
47.4
189
50.3
128
68.8
$122
$97
$126
$136
65. 5
5.2
29.3
68.5
4.3
27.2
69. 6
3.9
26.5
60.0
6.8
33.2
153
35.9
112
32.1
30
43.3
1
1
54.5
$110
$102
$112
$157
55.9
8.9
35.2
57.0
8.0
35.0
55.3
8.0
36.7
51. 7
14.0
34.3
151
39.1
75
29.3
46
43.5
30
56. 7
118
31.4
B u ffa lo
Number of families in survey________ _________ ____
Percentage of families owning automobiles____ _____ _
•
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobile___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil _ ___ _ ---------- ------------- _
___ _ __
Garage rent and parking _______ _
Other,,, _ _____________________ ________
Toh nstou'n
Number of families in survey. _____ _________ ____
Percentage of families owning automobiles _ ________
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobile___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil,. _____ . _
________
Garage rent and parking____________________
Other______________________ ____ __________
L a n ca ster
Number of families in survey. ____________________
Percentage of families owning automobiles _________
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobile___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil.. _ _ _
____
_____
Garage rent and parking. __ ________________
Other_____________________ __ ___________
$104
$63 '
$98
$163
48.7
13.2
38.1
56.8 1
7.6 I
35.6 I
41.6
13.0
45.4
49. 7
16.2
34.1
i*These averages were computed by dividing the aggregate amount spent for automobiles by the families
studied in each city by the number of families purchasing automobiles. They include amounts still due
at the end of the schedule year on automobiles purchased during the year, but do not include the trade-in
value of cars which may have been turned in on the transaction. Payments on automobiles purchased in
previous years were not treated as automobile expense in this report, but as reduction of outstanding liabil
ities. (See appendix A, pp. 455-456.)
77
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
T a b l e 22.— Expenditures for automobile operation and maintenance for automobile
owners at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1934-36— Continued
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
All
families
City and item
Economic level—Families with an
nual unit expenditure of—
Under $400 $400 to $600
$600 and
over
M a n c h e s ter
Number of families in survey. _ _
. _____. . .
Percentage of families owning automobiles____ ____ _
146
39.0
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobile___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil________ . _______
______
Garage rent and parking_________________
Other______________________________________
76
28.9
41
29.3
29
79.3
$142
$108
$157
$166
46. 7
10.7
43.6
46.5
8.7
44.8
44.3
8.9
46.8
46.1
12.7
41.2
498
23.1
204
12.3
152
25.0
142
36.6
$155
$119
$146
$179
45.8
19.5
34.7
41.3
19.1
39.6
49.4
20.0
30.6
45.0
19.3
35.7
Number of families in survey_______________________
Percentage of families owning automobiles___________
346
33.8
151
17.2
119
39.5
76
57.9
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobiles___
Percentage for—
_______ _
Gasoline and oil_________ .
Garage rent and parking_____ _ ______ ____ _
Other. ____________________________________
$126
$123
$113
$142
58.7
11.6
29.7
58.7
9.5
31.8
57.7
12.6
29.7
59.6
11.9
28.5
153
48.4
66
39.4
50
54.0
37
56.8
$114
$86
$121
$141
56.7
6.3
37.0
66. 1
2.8
31.1
55.0
8.9
36.1
51.4
6.1
42.5
301
55.8
95
34.7
115
61.7
91
70.3
$111
$72
$101
$142
58.2
6.6
35.2
67.6
3.2
29.2
58.0
6.0
36.0
55.7
8.1
36.2
231
29.0
96
21.9
95
27.4
40
50.0
$111
$102
$106
$126
53.0
14.7
32.3
44.8
19.0
36.2
58.2
11.8
30.0
54.4
14.0
31.6
248
37. 5
81
17.3
99
39.4
58.8
$156
$137
$139
$179
48.4
5.9
45.7
42.8
2.9
54.3
49.3
4.9
45.8
49.2
7.5
43.3
P h ila d elp h ia
Number of families in survey_
_
___________ . _
Percentage of families owning automobiles_______ ...
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobile___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil—_ _ ________ ___________ _
Garage rent and parking__________ ____ _____
Other______________________________________
P ittsb u rg h
P o r tla n d
Number of families in survey________ __ . . . ___
Percentage of families owning automobiles____________
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobiles___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil
______
Garage rent and parking___________________
Other_________________ _ — _____________ _
R o ch ester
Number of families in survey_______ _ ____________
Percentage of families owning automobiles ________
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobiles . .
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil____ . . . _____ _______
Garage rent and parking. _ _____________ ____
Other______________________________________
S cra n ton
Number of families in survey____ _ ______ _____ _
Percentage of families owning automobiles___ ..
.
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobiles_
_
Percentage for—
Gasoline and o i l ___________________________
Garage rent and parking. __ ______ ________
Other. ___________________________________
S p rin g field
Number of families in survey____ . . . . . . ._.
. .
Percentage of families owning automobiles_____ ___
Expenditure for automobile operation and maintenance:
Average amount per family owning automobiles___
Percentage for—
Gasoline and oil_______ _______ _ _________
Garage rent and parking_____________ ____ _
Other_________________
_____ ________
6
8
78
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Of the amount spent for all other means of transportation, the
largest portion went to trolley or subway fares, largely used for carry
ing earners to work and children to school. The proportion of fam
ilies using the trolleys and subways was greatest in Boston, where
96 percent reported expenditure for this item, and least in Manchester,
where 40 percent of the families reported no trolley expense. Average
expenditures for all forms of transportation other than by automobile
and trolley, including local bus, taxi, bicycle, railroad, interurban
bus, boat, or airplane were relatively small.
Recreation
The largest proportion of total expenditures for items classified
under the general heading of recreation (see Tabular Summary, table
15) in each of these 11 cities went to tobacco, principally in the form
of cigarettes, the amounts per family averaging from $22 in Johns
town to $32 in Buffalo, Philadelphia, and Portland. The second
and third largest items of expenditure in all cities were movies and
newspapers, either delivered at home or purchased on the street.
Expenditure for all types of reading matter combined exceeded total
expenditures for movies only in Lancaster, Portland, Rochester, and
Scranton; in all 11 cities it was confined almost exclusively to news
papers and magazines, with a very small amount going for purchase
or rental of books. The proportion of white families reporting any
expenditure for the purchase of books other than school books varied
from 2 percent in Buffalo and Pittsburgh to 10 percent in Lancaster.
The proportion of families purchasing magazines was larger, varying
from 34 percent in Scranton to 73 percent in Portland.
Recreational equipment of various sorts, such as cameras and films,
athletic supplies, radios, and other musical instruments, accounted for
expenditures ranging from an average of $6 in Boston to $13 in Lan
caster and Portland. Seventy-five percent of the families surveyed
owned radios, and the average radio expenditure per family purchasing
was $51.
Total amounts spent for recreation were found to be from about 50
to 100 percent larger at the high than at the low economic levels in all
cities. Expenditures for reading matter as a whole increased moder
ately from low to high economic levels in all cities, but those for maga
zines increased generally twofold or threefold or more. Expenditures
for radios (table 23), tobacco, and movies were consistently larger at
the higher economic levels than at the lower, with the exception of
Johnstown, where no family purchased a radio at the higher economic
levels.
To get a more complete picture of the money spent by the families
studied for recreation and leisure time activities, it is necessary to
79
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
examine expenditures classified under other categories. Thus under
food expenditures are included purchases of candy, ice cream, and
drinks consumed both within and without the home, the cost of food
served to guests, of meals on vacations and trips, and of meals pur
chased in restaurants. Under transportation are included expenses
for bus, boat, or train trips, as well as total family automobile expendi
ture, a portion of which is in most cases properly chargeable to
recreation. Expenses of vacation homes or rent on vacation or trips
(rarely reported by families in this survey) appear under the heading
of housing expenditure. Bathing suits, sun suits, slacks, and other
items of clothing used for sport and vacation wear are classified as
clothing expenditures. While it is not possible to calculate exactly
what portion of expenditures under these various headings may be
considered made for recreational purposes, it is apparent that they do
contribute something to this field.
Recreational expenditures depend also to a considerable extent
on the type of natural facilities within access of the dwellers of a given
city. Thus in Rochester, the presence of a large lake only 8 miles
from the city meant that lake excursions or summer vacations at the
beach were popular and within reach of many of the families studied.
Rochester is also famous for its annual lilac show and for its musical
center. Boston, Philadelphia, and Pittsburgh also had unusual
facilities for musical entertainment by the orchestras and music
schools located there. Recreation in Boston and Portland was
influenced by the nearness of the sea, and in Buffalo by the presence
of a great lake. In Scranton and Johnstown, the physical condition
of the city and its surroundings, with the demands of coal mining and
steel industries, was not so fortunately arranged for recreation.
Manchester is set in the beautiful New Hampshire hills, with much
winter interest in snow sports, though recreational facilities within
the city are rather limited.
T able
23.— Radio ownership and purchase at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1934-36
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers in 11 cities combined]
All fami
lies
Item
Number of families in survey___ ____ _
Percentage of families:
Owning radios.. - ____
Purchasing radios_____
__
. ___ _________ _
___________________ .
__
_____________
A verage amount paid for radio per family purchasing - -
..
Economic level—families with
annual unit expenditure of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
3,193
1,285
1,138
770
74.6
8.1
68.1
7.3
77.2
8.9
81.6
8.2
$51
$47
$48
$64
80
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Personal Care
Money used for personal care (see Tabular Summary table 14),
which accounted for approximately 2 percent of total expenditures
at each economic level in all 11 cities, includes expenditures for
services (haircuts, shaves, shampoos, manicures, etc.) and for toilet
articles and preparations, such as brushes and cosmetics. Total
outlay per family for this group ranged from $21 in Johnstown to $33
in Philadelphia. In each of the 11 cities, the actual amount of these
expenditures was about 33 percent greater at the highest economic
level as compared with the lowest. They were about equally divided
at each level between personal-care services and toilet articles and
preparations in all cities except Manchester and Scranton, where
expenditures for personal-care services were larger.
Haircuts were the most frequently purchased type of personal-care
service, followed by permanent waves and other types of hairdressing.
Of each dollar spent for personal-care services, haircuts accounted for
59 to 84 cents, while between 8 and 20 cents were spent for permanent
waves. While expenditures for haircuts remained relatively constant
from economic level to economic level, in all the cities except Springfield the amount spent for shaves by barbers, for shampoos, and for
permanent waves increased manyfold from the lowest to the highest
economic level.
Not only did as large a proportion of the families at the lowest
economic level as at the highest report expenditures for toilet soap,
tooth powder, tooth paste, brushes, and other toilet articles, but also
the average outlay per family for such articles remained about the
same from economic level to economic level. A slight tendency to
increase was shown in Lancaster, Manchester, Portland, Rochester,
and Scranton. In contrast to this consistency, the expenditures per
family for cosmetics and toilet preparations doubled from the lowest
to the highest economic level.
Average expenditure for personal care per person doubled and in
some instances tripled from low to high economic levels. The sta
bility of personal-care expenditures as a proportion of the total family
expenditure at around 2 percent at all economic levels attests the
extent to which careful grooming has become accepted as a necessary
part of the plane of living of families of American workers. On the
other hand, increasing total expenditures and smaller families at the
higher economic levels mean greater expenditure per person there.
Medical Care
A consistent increase in the amount spent for medical care per
family from the lowest to the highest economic levels occurred in
each of the 11 cities in the North Atlantic region (see table 24 and
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
81
Tabular Summary, table 14). This movement, combined with the
smaller family characteristic of the higher economic level, suggests
considerably more adequate care for the health of each person at the
upper levels.
Since it has been found from the United States Public Health
Survey and other studies that the incidence of illness is certainly not
less in the families in the lower economic strata, the greater expendi
tures at the higher levels probably indicated treatment for ills which
go unattended among less fortunate families, as well as better treat
ment. They may also indicate, to some extent, the practice of
members of the medical profession of charging for services in propor
tion to what is known of the family’s ability to pay.
The actual average expenditures per person for medical care more
than trebled in each city except Lancaster from the lowest to the
highest economic level. The average at the highest level shown
varied from $23 to $33 per person except in Buffalo and Johnstown,
where the figures were $40 and $59. Except for the two cities last
named, even the figures for the persons in families at the highest
economic plane were far below the figure of $76 estimated by Samuel
Bradbury and accepted by the Technical Committee on Medical Care
as needed to provide the fundamentals of good medical care on a
fee-for-service basis.1
9
Medicine and drugs were purchased by a larger proportion of fami
lies than any other form of medical care at all economic levels.
Frequently this meant attempts at home diagnosis and treatment to
save the expense of physician’s fees.
In general, at the lowest economic level, the largest proportion of
expenditures for medical services per family was devoted to the pay
ment of general practitioners and to dental care. On the average,
the latter was the most frequently used type of medical service. At
the highest economic level in six cities, expenditure for the services
of dentists was reported by more families than expenditure for any
other type of service. In Johnstown, Lancaster, Philadelphia,
Rochester, and Scranton the services of general practitioners were the
most frequently used services at the higher economic levels. In all
cities, the average expenditures per family for the services of general
practitioners tended to increase with economic level. In general, the
families studied were more apt to go to the offices of general practi
tioners for medical assistance than to call those doctors to their homes,
and the average expenditure per family was slightly larger for the
former type of service. Both the proportion of families using and the
average expenditure per family for specialists increased sharply with
rise in economic level.
1
9
See Samuel Bradbury, Cost of Adequate Medical Care, pp. 52-53. University of Chicago Press, Chiago, 1937; also, Interdepartmental Committee to Coordinate Health and Welfare Activities, Technical
Committee on Medical Care, “ Toward Better National Health,” p. 25, Washington, 1939.
82
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 24.— Expenditures for medical care at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 19S4~86
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers)
Number
of fami
lies
Average
number
of per
sons per
family
Average
expendi
ture per
person
for
medical
care
Average
expendi
ture per
family
for
medical
care
-------------------
516
4.00
$12
$49
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $300____________________________________________
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $500____________________________________________
$500 to $600_____ ____________________________________
$600 to $700____________________________________________
$700 and over. ..
___________________________________
96
100
117
85
51
67
6.02
4.44
3.82
3.45
2. 75
2. 39
4
9
13
19
20
28
22
42
50
67
55
67
450
3.45
15
53
51
82
104
85
54
74
5.49
4.28
3.34
2.96
2.88
2. 28
7
7
15
15
22
40
39
31
50
44
63
91
153
4. 30
13
57
66
46
30
11
5. 72
3. 59
3.02
2. 37
7
12
28
59
39
44
83
140
151
3.53
15
54
75
46
30
4. 36
3.00
2.23
12
21
23
50
63
52
146
3. 83
14
52
25
51
41
29
5.50
4. 41
3.16
2. 26
6
13
15
30
34
56
47
67
- ----------- .
498
4.04
13
52
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
U nder$300_____________________________ _______ . . . . . .
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $500____________________________________________
$500 to $600____________________________________________
$600 to $700____________________________________________
$700 and over. _______________________________________
108
96
82
70
60
82
5.99
4.34
3.95
3.28
3.06
2. 55
5
9
14
18
21
30
29
38
56
60
64
77
All families_______________________________ __________ _____
346
3.96
15
60
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $300_______________________________ ______ ____
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $500____________________________________________
$500 to $600____________________________________________
$600 to $700____________________________________________
$700 and over_______
_______________________________
75
76
65
54
38
38
5.94
4. 37
3.60
3.14
2.82
2.15
8
11
14
30
26
33
47
46
51
94
74
70
City and economic level
B o sto n
All families-_
._ __
...
--- -------
B u ffa lo
All families,
___ ________________
______
___
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $300____________________________________________
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $500____________________________________________
$500 to $600___________________________________________
$600 to $700____________________________________________
$700 and over,
_______ , , ,
--- - ------- . . . - J o h n sto w n
All families, ,
___
,
, ,
,.
. ----- -- _
Families w ith annual unit expenditure of—
Under $300_________ ___________________
_________
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $600____________________________________________
$600 and over. ______________________________________
L a n ca ster
All families.
____ , .
----- . . . ------- -------------
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $400-------------- --------------------------------$400 to $600____________________________________________
$600 and over. __________________ ___________ . . . ---M a n ch e ster
All families.
_____. . .
. . . ------- -----------
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $300___________________________________ ______
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $600___________________________________________
$600 and over. ________________________ . -------P h ila d elph ia
All families, _ ______ _
. . . ____________
P ittsbu rgh
83
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
T able
24.— Expenditures for medical care at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1984-36— Continued
[White families of wa^e earners and clerical workers]
Average Average
expendi expendi
ture per ture per
person
family
for
for
medical medical
care
care
Number
of fami
lies
Average
number
of per
sons per
family
All families_______ _____________________ _______ __________
153
3.93
$15
$58
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $400____________________________________________
$400 to $600____________________________________________
$600 and over________________________________________
66
50
37
5.06
3.43
2. 63
8
19
29
41
67
78
___
301
3.40
16
54
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $400____________________ „______________________
$400 to $600____________________________________________
$600 and over__________________________________________
95
115
91
4.56
3.24
2. 37
9
17
29
39
55
68
All families_______________________________________________
231
3. 75
14
53
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $300___ _ _ _____ _ _ __ __________ _ ____
$300 to $400____________________________________________
$400 to $600____________________________________________
$600 and over________________ _______ ______ ________
38
58
95
40
5.46
4.29
3. 28
2. 46
5
9
20
28
28
38
65
68
248
3. 75
16
59
81
99
68
5.14
3.44
2. 51
8
17
32
43
59
80
City and economic level
P o rtla n d
R och ester
All families___ ____
_ __
__
. ______
______
S cra n ton
S p rin g field
All families____ _ ___
_
_. _____ _
_______________ _
Families with annual unit expenditure of—
Under $400____________________________________________
$400 to $600____________________________________________
$600 and over__________________________________________
Except in Boston, Philadelphia, and Portland, at every economic
level in each city the proportion of families reporting payment for the
use of the services of clinics was small, particularly in view of the
fact that it is usual for clinics to make some nominal charge for all
service, even to very poor families. In those three cities, about 1 in
10 families reported the use of this service, while in the remaining
cities the proportion ranged from 1 in 16 in Rochester to 1 in 225 in
Buffalo. The amount spent per family for the use of clinics seems not
to be a function of plane of living for the families studied in these
North Atlantic cities, since there was no discernible movement either
of increase or decrease in amount with rise in economic level.
With the exception of those families in Johnstown and Pittsburgh,
there was a distinct increase in the expenditure per family for acci
dent and health insurance with increase in economic level. The
average expenditure per family for this item at all levels ranged from
less than $1 in Boston to $6 in Portland.
No figures were secured on the amount of free medical care received
by these families.
84
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Formal Education
If the investigation had been extended to cover all the goods and
services received without direct expense by the groups studied, a
large section of the schedule would have been devoted to the amount
and kinds of education provided by the city and by other agencies for
children and adults. Elementary school, high school, and trade school
classes, classes in museums and libraries and in parks, free of imme
diate cost to those who take advantage of them, are to a greater or
less degree a regular part of the life of all the 11 cities covered by this
report. They are, of course, paid for by the citizens, but no figures
have been secured in the present study on the use of these educational
facilities by the group covered, or the indirect cost to this group of
the city’s educational system.
Direct expenditures for formal education (see Tabular Summary,
table 16), for textbooks, school supplies, and tuition, occupy but an
insignificant place in the expenditure patterns of the families studied.
They accounted for almost 1 percent of total expenditures among the
families studied in Portland and Rochester and one-half of 1 percent
or less in the other cities covered in this area.
A function of the number of persons of school age in the various
families, direct outlay for formal education showed no positive
correlation with economic level. In every city the bulk of all formal
education expenditures were for members living at home. These
averaged between $2 and $7 in all cities studied in this region except
Rochester, where such expenditures averaged $10 per family. These
expenditures included all such items as books, pencils, paper, and
supplies.
The proportion of families reporting expenditures for members
away from home in school was 3 percent or less in all cities except
Manchester and Pittsburgh, where the figures were 4 and 5 percent,
respectively.
Vocation
Expenditures for union dues or fees, professional association dues or
fees, technical literature, and similar items have been classified as
“vocational expense” (see Tabular Summary, table 16). In general,
such expenditures increased sharply from the lowest to the highest
economic level, but the small number of cases upon which these
averages are based resulted in irregularities in tendency. Of such
expenditures, the largest part went for union dues and fees, which
ranged from $1 or less per family, on the average, in Johnstown and
Lancaster, to $10 in Scranton. The average expenditures for this
purpose in the remaining cities tended to be $5 or less. The amounts
spent for union dues and fees tended to increase from the lowest to the
highest economic level.
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
85
The number of families making expenditures for professional dues or
fees ranged from none in Lancaster to 19 in Pittsburgh.
Gifts and Contributions to Individuals and to the Com munity
Welfare
For each of the 11 cities except Philadelphia and Rochester, the
total amounts contributed to religious organizations and community
chests, and paid in taxes, were uniformly greater than total gifts
and contributions to support of relatives and other persons outside the
economic family. The latter type of expenditure, however, increased
much more rapidly from the lowest to highest economic level than the
amounts contributed to community organizations and to the State.
(See Tabular Summary table 16; and text table 25.)
The average amount spent per family in gifts and contributions to
individuals varied from an average of $16 in Pittsburgh to $26 in
Philadelphia. Contributions to welfare agencies plus personal taxes
ranged from $19, on the average, in Buffalo to $32 in Johnstown.
In each of the cities, gifts to religious organizations constituted the
bulk of the contributions to community welfare. The proportion of
families making such contributions remained relatively constant from
economic level to economic level. The actual average contribution
tended to increase, but not in as great a proportion as the average
community welfare contribution of all types.
T able 25. — Percentage of total expenditures for community welfare and gifts and
contributions going to various items, 1 year during the period 1984-36
Lancaster
Manchester
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Portland
Rochester
Scranton
516
450
153
151
146
498
346
153
301
231
248
$37
$51
$38
$42
$49
$42
$41
$44
$45
$46
44.0
6.7
.1
34.6
5.4
21.7
47.3
6.2
.9
53.9
2.7
9.0
42.5
4.0
.1
54.7
5.1
.8
37.3
5.2
8.1
41.5
7.3
.2
38.8
16.8
7.2
41.5
7.5
4.9
31.4
16.6
1.2
17. 2
10.4
10.7
24.9
20.5
.2
27.1
5.9
1.4
28.5
23.4
1.5
23.3
14.9
1.2
31.0
16.8
1.6
30.8
18.0
2.2
24.9
7.5
4.8
23. 7
20.6
1.8
Total expenditures for com
munity welfare and gifts and
$41
contributions,
_ _ _
Percentage of expenditure for
community welfare and gifts
and contributions:
Religious organizations.- __ 45.9
Community chest. ______ _ 4.3
5. 3
Taxes 1_- ____
Christmas, birthday, etc.,
gifts____________________ 28.1
16. 1
Support of relatives— ___
.3
Support of other persons___
Springfield
Johnstown
Number of families in survey___
Buffalo
Item
Boston
[White families of wage earners and clerical workers]
1 Includes only poll, income, and personal-property tax.
Amounts paid in poll, income, and personal property taxes in
creased markedly from the lowest economic level to the highest. The
86
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
average expenditure per family for such items 2 ranged from 2 cents
0
in Buffalo to $11 in Johnstown.2 These differences are due in large
1
part to differences in the tax laws of the various States at the time
covered by the investigations in the different cities.
Christmas and birthday gifts constituted the major proportion of
all expenditures for persons outside the economic family at the lowest
economic level, but were about equal in size to contributions for sup
port of relatives at the highest economic level. In Manchester, con
tributions to support of relatives and other persons were less than half
of the amounts spent in Christmas and birthday gifts at all levels.
Miscellaneous Items
In general, expenditures for all miscellaneous items (see Tabular
Summary, table 16) increased rapidly from the lowest to the highest
economic levels, but due to the small numbers of families reporting
such expenditures, great irregularities appeared for the individual
items.
2 Taxes on real estate are not included in these averages. They were entered with expenditures for hous
0
ing. (See appendix A. p. 458.)
2 This figure represented personal taxes almost entirely. A per capita school tax of $2.50 for each resident
1
of Johnstown 21 years of age and over and a city and county occupation tax in varying amounts were col
lected during the period covered by the schedule. In Lancaster and Scranton these personal assessments
were lower and were not so strictly collected. The only personal taxes of any kind levied in Philadelphia
and Pittsburgh during 1933 and 1934 were poll taxes not exceeding 50 cents each.
Chapter 3
Changing Living Standards in the Post-War Period
Distribution o f Current Expenditures in 1934-36 as Compared
W ith Those in 1917-18
A comparison of the percentage distribution of expenditures by
families studied in 1917-18 1 with that by families of comparable
types studied in 1934-36 in cities in the North Atlantic region sheds
much light on the changes in the consumer purchases of wage earners
and clerical workers which have taken place between these two periods.
Seven of the eleven cities covered in the North Atlantic region in
1934-36 were also studied in 1917-18.2 When figures on the dis
tribution of expenditures by the groups studied at the end of the war
period are placed beside figures on the distribution of expenditures
by the families covered in the present investigation, it is evident
that the most important differences which have occurred in the inter
val are the decrease in the proportion of the total outlay spent for
clothing and the increase in the percentage of expenditure for housing
and fuel and light. In Portland and Manchester there was an increase
in the percentage of expenditures for housefurnishing goods while a
decrease occurred in each of the other five cities. In all seven of the
cities studied in the two periods, the percentage of total expendi
tures which went for food was smaller than in the war period, and that
to miscellaneous items was larger.
An important part of these differences in distribution of expendi
tures is due to the price changes that have occurred in the interval.
Cost of living indexes available for Boston, Buffalo, Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, Portland, and Scranton 3 show that in all of the cities
food costs at the time of the second study were much lower than at
the time of the first, and the cost of fuel and light and the miscellaneous
group was very much higher. The cost of the other component parts
of the family budget had also changed considerably, the decrease
in clothing being quite marked in all six cities. (See table 26.)
1 Data for this study are published by the U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Cost
of Living in the United States, Bull. No. 357. 1924.
2 In the Tabular Summary, tables 21, 22, and 23 present income and expenditure data for 1934-36 for fami
lies of the type studied in 1917-18.
3 Cost of living indexes are not available for Manchester.
87
53959°— 39-------7
88
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
26.— Percentage change in the cost of goods purchased by wage earners and
clerical workers from the time of the 1917— survey to the time of the 1934-36
18
survey 1
T able
[White families]
Item
Food____________ __
Clothing------------------------------------------------Rent___ .
Fuel and light----- ------ -----Housefurnishing goods-------Miscellaneous-----------------------
Boston
-27.4
-8 .5
+13.5
+21.5
-1 .9
+26.4
Buffalo
-21.8
-22.0
+0.1
+66.1
+5.9
+26.4
Philadel
phia
Pittsburgh
-26.6
-20.4
+6.2
+27.7
-12.4
+34.2
-29. 5
-21.5
+2.4
+77.6
-11.5
+34.7
Portland
-24.3
-10.0
-3 .5
+17. 1
+10.7
+28.7
Scranton
-26.3
-10.1
+24.2
+34.5
+3.8
+42.9
i The schedules taken in Boston and Philadelphia cover the year ending Oct. 31,1918; in Buffalo, the year
ending Sept. 30, 1918; in Pittsburgh and Scranton, Aug. 31, 1918; and in Portland, Nov. 30, 1918.
To secure goods which cost $1,500 at the time covered by the
1917-18 survey, it would have been necessary to spend at the time
covered by the second survey $1,484 in Scranton, where the least
difference in price level appears, but only $1,388 in Pittsburgh, where
costs for the $1,200 to $1,500 group had declined more than 7 percent.
For a better comparison between the expenditures of the two groups
of families, it is desirable to put them on a common basis by converting
the dollar figures of the 1917-18 study to values which reflect the
price levels which prevailed at the period covered by the survey in
each city in 1934-36. For example, in Pittsburgh food costs were on
the average 29.5 percent lower in the period of the second survey
than in the year ending August 31, 1918. In other words, Pittsburgh
families were able to buy for approximately $70 the same food for
which they had paid $100 in the earlier period. On the other hand,
the average cost of miscellaneous items entering into the family
budget was 34.7 percent higher at the time of the second survey in
Pittsburgh than at the time of the first, and it was necessary to pay
$134.70 for the goods and services included in this category which
would have cost $100 in 1917-18. Since the price changes which
occurred between 1917-18 and 1934-36 in all of the cities differed
greatly as between different types of consumers’ goods, each type of
expenditure has been converted to the 1934-36 values with appro
priate group index numbers calculated to show changes in costs to
the consumer of this type of goods between periods covered by the
two studies.
Comparing the data from the families covered in the 1917-18 study
with those from families of similar composition studied in 1934-36,
one of the most striking facts is the generally higher level of expendi
ture at the latter date. In Pittsburgh, the increase amounted to
more than 17 percent. From table 27, it is apparent that when the
figures on average expenditures by the wage earners and clerical workers
studied in 1917-18 with incomes from $1,200 to $1,500 have been
converted to 1934-36 dollars, the average for the families studied in
CHANGING LIVING STANDARDS IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD
89
1934-36 is higher in all six cities. The differences range from 9.0 in
Buffalo to 17.4 in Pittsburgh.
These differences in expenditure are partly the result of differences
between the real incomes of the groups studied at the two periods.
In all six cities included in this discussion, the real incomes of the
groups covered in the second survey were larger than those studied in
the first. Table 27 shows the differences which appear when the in
comes and expenditures of families with incomes from $1,200 to $1,500
in the two surveys are converted to a comparable basis.
In contrast with the situation found in 1917-18 when the families
with incomes between $1,200 and $1,500 studied in the six cities
reported net savings in terms of 1934-36 dollars from $25 in Phila
delphia to $64 in Scranton, families of comparable types as shown by
the present investigation reported average net deficits of $6 in Buffalo,
$23 in Scranton, $24 in Pittsburgh, $33 in Boston, and $66 in Phila
delphia. Average net savings of $18 were reported in Portland as
contrasted with $48 in the earlier study.
T able
21.— Differences in incomes and current expenditures between the groups
studied in 1917-18 and 1984-86 1 in 6 cities
[Wage earners and clerical workers with annual net incomes of $1,200 to $1,500, white families]
City
Boston. _ __ . . . _____ . _____
Buffalo__________ . . . _____________
Philadelphia
_______ . . . . ______
Pittsburgh _______________ _______
Portland___________________________
Scranton..
____
Income
Expendi
ture
P ercent
P ercen t
+8.3
+2.9
+6.7
+9.6
+6. 2
+1.4
+15.6
+9.0
+15.3
+17.4
+11.3
+9.7
1 Both in terms of the 1934-36 price level.
An analysis of the figures secured from the groups studied in Boston
in the two periods will illustrate the type of changes in family living
which have occurred in the interval between the investigations. (See
table 28.) In the groups studied in 1917-18, families with incomes
between $1,200 and $1,500 expended $578 or 44.6 percent for food.
Because of the decline in food prices, the same kinds and quantities
of food could have been purchased for $421 at the time of the second
investigation, but food habits had changed to such an extent that the
group studied in 1934-36 actually spent on the average $140 more
than this for food, $561, or 39.8 percent of their total current expend
itures. Clothing prices also declined, and the average clothing ex
penditures of the Boston group studied in 1934-36 were $71 less than
those of the group studied in 1917-18, but $53 less than the calculated
1934-36 cost of the clothing bought in 1917-18. The cost of both
housing and fuel and light increased in the interval between the two
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
90
surveys, and the group studied in the second period is found to have
spent 44.6 percent more for housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration
combined than the calculated 1934-36 cost of similar group items.
The cost of housefurnishings declined between the two periods, but
this group represented a larger percentage of the calculated total ex
penditures in 1934-36. Expenditures for miscellaneous items by the
1934-36 group were $25 less than the calculated cost of the miscel
laneous items purchased by the 1917-18 group, $284. The percent
age allotted to miscellaneous items was also less at the second period
T a b l e 2 8 . — Distribution of current family expenditures in 1917-18
and 1984—
86
[Wage earners and clerical workers with annual net incomes of $1,200 to $1,500, white familiesl
Item
Boston
Buffalo
Philadelphia Pittsburgh
Portland
Scranton
F a m ilie s stud ied in 1 9 1 7 -1 8 1
160
83
81
86
Number_________________
38
62
P e t.
Expenditures in 1917-18,2
P e t.
P e t.
P e t.
P e t.
P c i.
t o ta l_____ _
---------- $1, 296 100.0 $1, 291 100 0 $1,306 100.0 $1,285 100.0 $1, 282 100.0 $1, 267 100.0
578 44.6
479 37.1
533 40.8
535 41.6
533 41.6
Food --------------------549 43.3
223 17.3
195 14.9
Clothing....
_ ___
197 15.2
227 17.7
197 15.4
232 18. 3
257 19.8
281 21.8
257 19.7
227 17.7
258 20.1
Housing, fuel, and light.
199 15.7
Furniture and furnish
41
3.2
63
57
4.4
4.9
60
4.7
53
4.1
ings—
61 4.8
244 18.9
264 20.2
Miscellaneous.
223 17.2
235 18.3
241 18.8
227 17.9
Expenditures in terms of
1934-36 dollars,3total___ 1,220 100.0 1,249 100.0 1,239 100.0 1,188 100.0 1, 217 100.0 1, 253 100.0
390 31. 5
421 34.5
375 30.0
Food ______________
378 31.8
403 33.1
405 32.3
Clothing------------------174 13.9
155 12.5
179 14.7
178 15.0
178 14.6
208 16.6
296 24.3
325 26.0
290 23.4
Housing, fuel, and light.
263 22. 1
266 21.9
253 20.2
Furniture and furnish
5.4
3. 3
67
51
4.1
40
53
4.5
ings—
58
4.8
63 5.0
284 23.2
308 24.7
353 28.5
316 26.6
Miscellaneous. _____
312 25.6
324 25.9
F a m ilie s stud ied in 1 9 8 4 -3 6
t y p e s com pa ra b le to those
stud ied in 1 9 1 7 -1 8
68
68
68
55
Number___ ______ _
31
46
Expenditures in 1934-36
P e t.
P e t.
P e t.
P e t.
P e t.
P et.
dollars,4 total. ________ $1, 410 100.0 $1, 362 100.0 $1, 429 100.0 $1,395 100.0 $1, 354 100.0 $1,375 100.0
561 39.8
497 36.5
Food .. __ ___
529 37. C 510 36.6
516 38.1
512 37.2
Clothing_____________
126
8.9
139 10.2
131
9.2
146 10.5
135
9.9
160 11.6
Housing, fuel, and light®.
428 30.4
363 26.7
385 26.9
330 23.7
351 25.9
379 27.7
Furniture and furnish
36
2.6
41
3.0
53
67
ings _ -----------------3.7
4.8
59
4.4
55 4.0
Miscellaneous.
322 23.6
259 18.3
331 23.2
342 24.4
293 21.7
269 19. 5
1 The data from the 1917-18 investigation in each of the cities are for the year ending Oct. 31,1918, in Boston
and Philadelphia; Sept. 30, 1918, in Buffalo; Aug. 31, 1918, in Pittsburgh and Scranton; and Nov. 30, 1918,
in Portland.
2 Data for 1917-18 based on figures published in Bureau of Labor Statistics Bull. 357, pp. 11, 13, 50, 51, 52,
and 60.
2 Data in terms of 1934-36 dollars were computed from original figures by means of percentage changes
in the cost of food, clothing, rent, fuel and light, furniture and furnishings, and miscellaneous items from
the year of the earlier studies in each of the cities.
4 For detailed distribution of expenditures, see appendix A, table 23.
5 Includes refrigeration.
A comparison of the cost of the 1917-18 purchases in 1934-36
dollars, with the distribution of the actual purchases in 1934-36,
shows a tendency toward larger purchases of food, smaller purchases
of clothing and larger current expenditures for housing, fuel, and
light. The proportion of expenditures for both housefurnishing
goods and miscellaneous items decreased in all of the cities except in
Pittsburgh, where there was an increase in the percentage of total
expenditures for furniture and furnishings.
Part II.—Negro Families
91
Chapter 1
Income Level and Money Disbursements
Schedules were obtained from 101 Negro families in Philadelphia,
and from 97 Negro families in Pittsburgh. These samples were
chosen at the same time and in the same way as the samples for the
white families in these two cities, and represent a cross section of the
families of employed Negro wage earners and clerical workers in
1934-35.
The sample was not intended to be representative of the total
Negro population of wage earners and clerical workers of each of the
cities, since the study excluded families on relief.1 Furthermore, as
in the case of the white families, no Negro family was included which
had an income of less than $500, or in which no earner had been em
ployed for a minimum of 36 weeks. (See appendix D , p. 480.) These
same criteria for inclusion of Negro as for white families were followed,
even though they resulted in a Negro sample with incomes relatively
higher than those of the entire Negro population, in order that com
parisons might be made between the spending of comparable families
of employed Negro and white workers.
Family Income 2
Family incomes ranged from $697 to $3,835 among the Philadelphia
Negro families surveyed, and from $566 to $2,605 among those in
Pittsburgh. The maximum income in the Philadelphia group was
achieved by a family having four earners. The husband was a porter
in a wholesale drug house, one son was a car washer in a service sta
tion, a second son was a roaster with a peanut processing company,
while the homemaker performed general housework in a private home.
In Pittsburgh the family with the highest income also had four earners.
1 An estimate from the Division of Social Research, Works Progress Administration, indicates the number
of Negro families of 2 or more persons on relief during the month of the peak relief load which occurred during
the period of the investigation. In Philadelphia, the peak was reached in May 1934. In Allegheny
County, in which Pittsburgh is located, the maximum number of Negro families (12,500) received such
aid in February 1934. A general idea of the proportion of families excluded from the study because of this
factor can be gained from a comparison of these figures with the number of Negro families of 2 or more
persons reported by the census of 1930. The Negro families on relief in May 1934 in Philadelphia repre
sented 61.5 percent of the total number of Negro families in that city in 1930. The proportion on relief in
the high month in Allegheny County was approximately 72.5 percent of the number of Negro families in
that county in 1930.
2 Details of family income when families are classified by economic level are in the Tabular Summary,
table 2, and when classified by income level, in table 5.
93
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
94
The husband was a janitor, the mother and father of the homemaker
were a maid and a porter with a recreational association, while the
sister of the homemaker worked as a maid in a private home.
Family incomes among the Negro groups studied in Philadelphia
and Pittsburgh averaged about $1,200 and $1,070 respectively.3
The average income is influenced in both cities by a scattering of the
higher incomes. In both samples, the mean income was higher than
the median, the income level that divides the families into two equal
groups (see table 29).
T able
29.— F a m ily in co m e, 1 year d u rin g the period 1 9 8 4 - 8 6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Philadel
phia
Item
Number of families in survey___________ _______ ________________ ________
Net money income:
Arithmetic average_______ _____ __ _____________ ____________________
First quartile-. . __________ ______ ___ _________________ _______ ____
Median________________ ______ _____________________ _________ Third quartile. ____ _
__
_ _ ____ ______________________
__
Pittsburgh
101
97
$1, 203
988
1,116
1,409
$1,071
862
1,001
1,185
Fig. 1
0
SOURCES OF FAMILY INCOME AMONG WAGE EARNERS
AND L O W E R -S A LA R IE D C LE R IC A L WORKERS
AT SU C C ESSIVE INCOM E L E V E L S
P H IL A D E L P H IA , 1 9 3 4 - 1 9 3 5
N E 6R 0 FAMILIES
HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS
INCOME CLASS
ALL FAMILIES
$500
UNDER
$900
$900 UNDER $1200
$ 1 2 0 0 UNOER
$1500
$1500
OVER
E A R N IN G S O F
C H E IF E A R N E R
I
E A R N IN G S O F S U P P L E - E 2223 IN C O M E F R O M
M ENTARY EARNERS
Y y/ \ O TH ER SCOURCES
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
As a result of the rules laid down for the choice of the sample (see
pp. 480-484), the chief source of family income was earnings. The
3
R. A. Fisher’s method for the analysis of variance (discussed on pp. 226 and 227 of his Statistical Methods
for Research Workers, 6th ed., London, 1936) was used to test whether the mean incomes obtained in the 2
cities differed more than could be expected if successive samples had been drawn at random from the same
population. It was found that the difference between these 2 averages is large enough to be considered
statistically significant. A much greater significance was found, however, in the differences between the
average incomes of the white and Negro families within the 2 cities.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
95
highest earnings reported for any one individual among the Negro
groups studied in the two cities were those of a fireman in Philadelphia
of $1,650, and of a hoist operator in Pittsburgh of $1,820.
The importance of earnings of subsidiary earners in family income
was about the same for the Negro as for the white families studied.
From table 30 it is apparent that the percentage of total income pro
vided by earnings of the chief earner decreased with a rise in total
family income, while the percentage provided by subsidiary earners
increased markedly. The average number of persons reporting
employment4 was consistently larger at the higher income levels.
For the $1,500 and over group, it was 2.0 persons in Philadelphia
and 2.2 persons in Pittsburgh.
T able 30.— Sources of family income at successive income levels, 1 year during the
period 19$J+—
36
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Income grouji
Number
of
families
Average
net
money
income 1
Average
number
of gainful
workers
per
family 2
Percentage of income from—
Earnings
of chief
earner
Earnings of
Other
subsidiary sources 4
earners 3
PHILADELPHIA
All families_________________
101
$1, 203
1.63
78.1
20.0
1.9
Families with annual net in
comes of—
Under $900______ ______
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 and over___________
16
44
26
15
793
1.053
1, 328
1,862
1. 32
1.57
1.71
2.00
87.3
85.1
76.0
65.1
9.7
14.1
21.8
32.2
3.0
.8
2.2
2.7
PITTSBURGH
All families. _________
97
$1,071
1.27
90.6
7.5
1.9
Families with annual net in
comes of—
Under $900______________
$900 to $1,200_____________
$1,200 to $1,500___________
$1,500 and over___________
31
44
13
9
814
1,023
1, 382
1, 751
1.16
1.11
1.45
2.1&
96.9
93.6
89.3
72.9
2.2
5.1
9.3
21.8
.9
1.3
1.4
5.3
1 Net family income as defined in appendix A, p. 449.
2 A gainful worker is defined as a person having had some gainful employment in business or industry or
domestic service at any time during the year. Some families included persons in domestic service as sup
plementary earners.
3Including net earnings from boarders and lodgers.
4 Less business losses and expenses not deductible from earnings.
Size a n d c om p osition o f fa m ily
The average number of persons per family among the Negro group
was about the same or slightly smaller than among the white group in
4
A gainful worker was defined as a person having had some gainful employment in business or in industry,
trades, or domestic service at any time during the year.
96
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
each of the two cities studied: in Philadelphia, 3.76 persons and in
Pittsburgh, 3.16.5
The average number of children under 16 years old in the Negro
families was slightly larger than in the white families in Philadelphia,
but smaller in Pittsburgh. The number of children per family tended
to increase from one income level to the next until the $1,200 to $1,500
group was reached, and to decrease after the $1,500 level in both
cities. The average size of family tended to become larger throughout
the entire income range; the number of persons for the income group
$500 to $900 was 3.18 in Philadelphia and 3.01 in Pittsburgh, and for
the income group above $1,500 the corresponding figures were 3.85
and 3.83. About one-half of the families in each city were composed
of adults only, and more than half of such families were composed of
husband and wife only.
Current Expenditures of Each City Group as a Whole 6
The relatively high proportion of total expenditure allotted to
housing (including fuel, light, and refrigeration) by the Negro families
studied had an important effect on their major expenditures. The
figure was 30.5 percent in Philadelphia and 31.2 in Pittsburgh. This
was larger in each case than the proportion for white families in these
two cities. The proportion of the total spent for food was, on the
other hand, lower than for white families. Limitation in the supply
of housing available for Negroes, and consequent higher rentals than
those paid by white families for comparable facilities, account to a
considerable extent for the higher Negro housing expenditures. Lower
food expenditures, on the other hand, reflect partly the pressure of
housing expense and partly the importance of food received as gift or
pay by Negroes engaged in domestic service. Although no Negro
families in which the chief earner was employed in private domestic
service were included in the study, families were not excluded if
subsidiary earners were domestic servants.
As with the white families, expenditure for food, housing, and
clothing combined took the greatest part of the average family’s
dollar (74 percent in Philadelphia and 72 percent in Pittsburgh).
Expenditures for recreation took fourth place, on the average, among
the expenditures of all Negro families studied in both cities, receiving
about 5 cents out of every dollar spent. In Pittsburgh, expenditures
for other household operation were the fifth largest with 3.7 cents out
of every dollar allotted to them. In Philadelphia, transportation
expenditures other than those for the automobile ranked fifth, ac5 The median size of family shown in the census of 1930 for all Negro families of 2 persons or more was 3.2
in Philadelphia and in Pittsburgh. The average size of Negro families on relief in the peak month during
the period of the investigation was slightly larger in both cities than for the families scheduled in each city.
It was 3.8 in Philadelphia and 3.3 in Allegheny County (Pittsburgh).
6 Current expenditures are defined on p. 450.
97
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
counting for 4.4 percent of total expenditures. Such expenditures
received 3.2 percent of the total in Pittsburgh, while automobile
expenditures averaged 2.0 percent in Philadelphia and 2.8 percent in
Pittsburgh. In both cities, 2.1 percent of total expenditures were
devoted to personal care.
T able
31.— Expenditures for groups of items, 1 year during the period 1984~S6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Item
Average annual current expenditure for all items_____________________
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All items______________________________________________________
Food_________________________________________________________
Clothing______________________________________________________
Housing_______________________________________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____________________________________
Other household operation______________________________________
Furnishings and equipment____________________________________
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, operation, and maintenance.
Other transportation___________________________________________
Personal care__________________________________________________
Medical care__________________________________________________
Recreation____________________________________________________
Education_____________________________________________________
Vocation______________________________________________________
Community welfare____________________________________________
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the economic family____
Other items___________________________________________________
Pittsburgh
Philadel
phia
L 073
,
$1,180
LO0
O.
31.9
9.0
22.7
8.5
3.7
3.6
2.8
3.2
2.1
3.5
4. 7
100.0
33.8
9.7
20.8
9.7
3.1
3.0
2.0
4.4
2. 1
2.8
4.8
.2
L5
2.3
.2
!i
1.4
1.9
.1
Distribution of Expenditures at Successive Income Levels 7
Among the Negro families both in Philadelphia and in Pittsburgh,
as incomes increased the percentage spent for food and housing (includ
ing fuel, light, and refrigeration) declined. Proportionate expendi
tures for clothing, household operation other than fuel, light and re
frigeration, transportation, and gifts to persons outside the economic
family, on the other hand, increased with a rise in income level.
The percentage allocated to furnishings and equipment increased in
Philadelphia, but did not show a consistent rise in Pittsburgh. The
rise in the expenditures for clothing is due not only to the fact that this
is one of the most elastic items in the family budget, at the income
levels studied, but also to the larger number of persons to be clothed at
the higher income levels. The dollar expenditures for transportation
quadrupled from the lowest income level to the group having $1,500
and over in Philadelphia, and increased about 1% times m Pittsburgh.
Dollar expenditures for gifts to persons outside the economic family
showed the most striking change from low to high income levels,
increasing elevenfold in Philadelphia and twelvefold in Pittsburgh.
For the other groups of items covered by current family expendi
tures, no consistent movement from income level to income level
appears, largely because the amounts devoted to these items are not
7 See Tabular Summary, table 6.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
98
solely dependent upon income, but are very much affected by the size
and composition of the families at the various income levels. In
general, at each income level the percentages spent for personal care
fluctuated around the average for all families, 2.1 percent in each city.
Likewise the expenditures for community welfare varied irregularly
about the average for all families. The percentage of total expendi
tures going for medical care and for recreation tended to increase with
income. Expenditures for vocation and formal education were
negligible at every level.
T able 32.— Average amount spent per expenditure unit, at successive income levels,
1 year during the period 1934-S6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Number
of fami
lies
Income level
Average
Average
Average
Average
Average unit cloth Average
size of
expendi
unit ex
total ex
family in penditure unit food
ing ex
ture for penditure
expendi per family expendi
pendi other items
for all
ture 1
ture units
ture 2
per person
items
PHILADELPHIA
__________
101
3. 49
$1,180
$121
$39
$177
$338
Families with annual net
income of—
Under $900_________
$900 to $1,200_______
$1,200 to $1,500 _____
$1,500 and over_____
16
44
26
15
2.96
3. 63
3. 46
3.68
808
1,027
1,350
1,731
103
107
131
159
17
28
50
64
151
146
207
246
273
283
390
470
All families
PITTSBU RGH
_
97
2. 96
$1, 073
$122
$39
$200
$362
Families with annual net
income of—
Under $900---- ------ -$900 to $1,200_______
$1,200 to $1,500______
$1,500 and over_____
31
44
13
9
2. 77
2. 87
3.26
3. 62
862
1,031
1,342
1,586
110
119
132
141
28
39
43
56
167
201
236
240
311
359
412
438
All families
____
1 Amount spent for food per food expenditure unit.
2 Amount spent for clothing per clothing expenditure unit.
Order of Expenditure at Different Economic Levels 8
Since the incomes and the number, age, sex, and occupation of the
persons dependent on the family funds of the Negro families studied
varied quite as much as among the white families, the data secured
from the Negro families were also analyzed by economic level.9 The
characteristics of the classification by economic level noted for white
families were also found among the Negro families in both cities.
That is, higher incomes and smaller families were generally found at
the higher economic levels.
W ith a rise in economic level, there appeared in each city a striking
decline in the percentage of expenditure allotted to food, and a less
8 See Tabular Summary, table 3.
9 For a description of the methods of computing and the meaning of economic level, see pp. 509-516.
99
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
extreme decrease in the percentage for housing (including fuel, light,
and refrigeration). The proportion of each dollar spent for clothing
increased with the progression from low to high economic levels. The
general tendency for the other groups of items covered by current
family expenditures was also to increase with improvement in the
economic status of the family.
The changes in the amounts of unit expenditure when families are
classified by economic level, given in table 33, are remarkably different
from the same data when classified by income as shown in table 32.
In both cities, the average expenditure for all items per expenditure
unit increases about fivefold from the lowest to the highest economic
level, but only 41 percent in Pittsburgh and 72 percent in Philadelphia
from the lowest to the highest income level.
T able
33.-—Average amount spent per expenditure unit at successive economic levels,
1 year during the period 1984-86
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Economic level
Number
of fami
lies
Average
Average
Average
Average
size of
total ex
family in penditure unit food unit cloth
expendi per family expendi ing expen
ture 1
diture 2
ture units
Average
Average
amount
unit ex
spent for
penditure
other
for all
items per
items
person
PHILADELPHIA
All families_____________
101
3. 49
$1,180
$121
$39
$177
$338
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
$100 to $200_________
$200 to $300_________
$300 to $400_________
$400 to $500_________
$500 to $600_________
$600 and over_______
8
24
23
15
16
15
7.39
4. 46
3. 53
2. 71
2.19
1.98
960
1,067
1,200
1,204
1,218
1,389
67
97
118
144
183
219
9
29
41
50
61
72
54
115
181
247
318
411
130
239
340
444
556
702
PITTSBURGH
All families____________
97
2. 96
$1,073
$122
$39
$200
$362
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
$100 to $200_________
$200 to $300_________
$300 to $400_________
$400 to $500_________
$500 to $600_________
$600 and over_______
5
22
22
23
12
13
7.87
3.60
2.84
2. 41
2.05
2. 02
1,190
902
985
1,073
1,110
1,416
68
98
119
151
161
184
11
25
36
48
62
7
1
73
126
186
249
319
450
151
251
347
445
541
701
* Amount spent for food per food expenditure unit.
2 Amount spent for clothing per clothing expenditure unit.
O r d e r o f e x p e n d itu r e s at tw o econ om ic levels.
A comparison of the rank order of the different groups of items of
expenditure at the lowest and at the highest economic levels among
the Negro families studied in Philadelphia and in Pittsburgh, as
shown in table 34, reveals a somewhat different expenditure pattern
100
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
from that discovered among the white families.1 The two largest
0
items of expenditure, i. e., food first and housing (including fuel, light,
and refrigeration) second, interchanged rank from the lowest to the
highest level. Clothing, the next largest item, was third at both
levels.
The overwhelming absolute importance of food, clothing, and
housing is indicated by the fact that even at the high level, no other
category of expenditure exceeded them. It is in the remaining items
that important changes in rank order took place. The greatest shift
occurred in expenditures for gifts and contributions, which in both
cities moved up in rank at the high economic level. Expenditures
for furnishings and equipment rose in Philadelphia, but dropped in
Pittsburgh. Those for automobile transportation dropped slightly in
rank in Philadelphia but rose from seventh to fifth place in Pittsburgh.
Expenditures for household operation other than for fuel, light, and
refrigeration were somewhat less important at the highest than at
the lowest economic level.
T able
34.
E x p e n d i t u r e s i n ra n k o rd er at 2 d iffe r e n t e c o n o m i c levets, l y e a r d u r in g
the p e r i o d 1 9 3 4 - 8 6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Philadelphia
Expenditure
Economic lev el—Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
$100 to
$200
Number of families________________ ____________________
Food_ __
_________
_________________
Housing (including fuel, light, and refrigeration)....... . ....... ...
Clothing
___
__
__ ___ __________
_
Other household operation
__ _ _ ... _ _________ ___
Furnishings and equipment __ _____ _____________ _____
Automobiles and motorcycle^-- _________________________ _
Other transportation___ ____________ _____________ - .
Personal care
_
_________ _______
Medical c a r e ___ __ __ __ ____ - __ ____
__ _ __
Recreation- _
____ ___
_________
Education _ _ __ _
. __ _
___ _____ ___
Vocation
_
- ___ __
__________ ___ _
Community welfare
_________
_ ___ ______
Gifts and contributions
__
- -_ __ ____________ _____
Other items
__ - _______
____________________
Pittsburgh
$500 to
$600
$100 to
$200
$500 to
$600
8
16
5
12
1
2
3
4
9
10
5
6
8
7
11
12
8
12
9
2
1
3
6
5
12
4
10
9
4
11
13
8
7
12
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
10
8
6
12
13
11
12
14
2
1
3
8
7
5
11
10
6
4
14
14
12
9
13
Since the expenditures for medical care throughout the group were
not large enough to provide for regular health services, but were made
primarily for emergencies, the movement in rank of such expenditures
at low and high economic levels was irregular, and different among
the Negro families in Philadelphia from those in Pittsburgh.
1
0
In comparing this table with the similar figures shown for white families, it should be remembered
that the range in economic status is greater for the white than for the Negro group. The highest economic
level at which any considerable number of white families were found in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh was
that at which $600 to $700 was spent per expenditure unit. For Negroes there were very few families
spending more than $500 to $600 per expenditure unit.
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
Fig. I
!
DISTRIBUTION OF FAMILY EXPENDITURES OF WAGE
EARNERS AND LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS
AT TWO DIFFERENT ECONOMIC LEVELS
PITTSBURGH, 1 9 3 4 *1 9 3 5
NEGRO F A M IL IE S
.t f m
P E R C E N T OF T O T A L E X P E N D IT U R E
O
10
20
30
FOOD
HOUSING
INCLUDING FUEL
LIGHT AND
REFRIGERATION
CLOTHING
HOUSEHOLD
OPERATION
FURNISHINGS
8 EQUIPMENT
TRANSPORTA
TION
OTHER |
THAN AUTOMOBILE
PERSONAL
CARE
ECONOMIC
LEVEL
(ANNUAL AMOUNT SPENT
PER EXPENDITURE UNIT)
* '0 0
EDUCATION,
VOCATION a
MISC.
-1 I l__I
__ __
__L
_
U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
$200
*500
COMMUNITY
WELFAREJ3IFTSI!
CONTRIBUTIONS!
$600
101
102
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Although food expenditures ranked either first or second at both
levels in each city, the food consumption at the two levels was very
different, due to the difference in actual dollars spent and to the size
of the family at the two levels.
As in the case of the white families studied, the number of food
expenditure units 1 per Negro family decreased markedly from the
1
lowest to the highest economic level. When average family food
expenditures are divided by the average number of food expenditure
units, the result gives striking evidence of the change in food consump
tion from one level to another. There was a rise in unit food expendi
ture from the low to the high level in Philadelphia from $67 to $183,
and in Pittsburgh from $68 to $161.
Changes in Assets and Liabilities
Over two-thirds of the Negro families studied in Philadelphia and
more than half in Pittsburgh reported net surpluses for the year
covered by the schedule. As many as 28 of the families in Phila
delphia and 39 in Pittsburgh, however, were able to meet all of the
demands for family living only by drawing on assets accumulated prior
to the year covered by the schedule or by borrowing during the sched
ule year; the average deficit per family having a deficit was $128 in
Philadelphia and $104 in Pittsburgh.1 (For a definition of surplus
2
and deficit see p. 451.) A small proportion of the families in each
city reported incomes just balancing current expenditures. When all
families in each sample are considered together, there results a net
surplus of $36 in Philadelphia and of $9 in Pittsburgh.
The general pattern noted for white families was large average
deficits at the lowest income levels, decreasing progressively at higher
levels until the turning point was reached, after which at each succes
sive income level there was an average surplus for all families. When
the Negro families cooperating in the survey were classified according
to family income level, this pattern was found among those studied
in Pittsburgh, but did not hold true consistently for those in Philadel
phia. This difference is due in part to the small number of cases,
and hence the great influence on the average1 of a few families having
3
very large surpluses or deficits. It was also due in part, apparently,
to a difference in the consumption habits of the two groups. Although
11 Food expenditure units are computed from scales based on the estimated cost of customary food consump
tion during the period of the survey. They may be used as a convenient common denominator in studying
differences in total food expenditures at different, economic levels. See appendix A, notes on table 7, p. 457;
and appendix G, pp. 509-511.
12 The figures just cited have been computed from the families’ own statement about changes in their
assets and liabilities and do not represent a balancing difference between reported incomes and reported
current expenditures. (See appendix A, pp. 455-456.) Most families were not able to present a statement of
total receipts and total disbursements which balanced exactly. No schedule was accepted for use from a
family which could not supply a statement of total receipts and total disbursements which balanced
within 5 percent.
13 For discussion of variability see p 25.
103
INCOME LEVEL AND MONEY DISBURSEMENTS
the two Negro groups had incomes lower both in actual dollars and in
relation to the persons dependent on them than the white groups
studied simultaneously in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, they showed
about the same proportion of families in Pittsburgh and a much
smaller proportion of families in Philadelphia increasing their liabilities
during the year, and a large relative saving. A similar tendency was
noted among Negro families studied in New York and other northern
cities.
When white families were classified by economic level (as shown in
detail in the Tabular Summary, table 4) there was found a general
tendency for the figures on the net change in assets and liabilities to
show an average surplus for all families at the lowest economic levels
and an average deficit for all families at the higher economic levels.
This pattern also appeared for the Negro families in both cities.
From table 35 it is apparent that actual deficits occurred at the higher
economic levels in Pittsburgh, and that in Philadelphia there were
sharp decreases in the amount of surplus from low to high economic
levels. Thus among the Negro as among the white families, accu
mulated reserves from previous years or ability to command credit
tended to place a family in a higher spending category.
T a b l e 35.— Percentage of fam ilies having surplus and deficit, and net change in
assets and liabilities during the schedule year, at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1934.-36
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Percentage of
families having—
C ity and economic level
Number
of fam
ilies
Average amount of—
Net change in assets and
liabilities for all families
(dollars)
Net
surplus
Net
deficit
Per
family
Per ex
Per
pendi gainful
ture
worker
unit
Surplus
per
family
having
surplus
Deficit
per
family
having
deficit
P h ila d elph ia
All families..-- _______ ___
Families with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under $400_. _ _______
$400 to $60 0..__________
$600 and over..________
101
70.3
27.7
+36
+ 10
+22
$102
$128
55
31
15
70.9
74.2
60.0
27.3
22.6
40.0
+39
+48
+3
+9
+ 19
+1
+ 24
+ 29
+2
86
124
112
82
196
163
97
58.8
40.2
+9
+3
+7
86
104
49
35
13
69.4
48.6
46.2
30.6
48.6
53.8
+ 34
-11
-36
+9
-5
-18
+27
-9
-26
82
97
72
76
119
129
P ittsb u rg h
All fam ilies..______________
Families with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under $400____ ______
$400 to $600____________
$600 and o v e r . ............
An analysis of the change in assets and liabilities, as shown in table
36, indicates that reductions in assets and increases in liabilities
53959°— 39------ 8
104
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
tended to grow from low to high economic levels. The rising tide of
installment buying characteristic of the years following the depression
of 1933 was a factor in the increase in liabilities of these Negro families.
In both cities, as the expenditure level of families rose, increases in
amounts due on goods purchased on the installment plan assumed a
larger proportion of the total increase in liabilities. In Philadelphia,
increases in sums owed for goods purchased on the installment plan
amounted to 15 percent of the increases in all liabilities at the low
expenditure level and 59 percent at the high; in Pittsburgh, the
corresponding figures were 22 and 45 percent. A comparison of the
average increase in such liabilities with the decreases reported by
families who had smaller amounts outstanding on goods purchased by
this plan at the end of the year than at the beginning, showed that in
both cities total installment obligations incurred during the year were
considerably larger than those paid off.
T able
36.— Changes in assets and liabilities during the schedule year at successive
economic levels, 1 year during the period 19 3 4- 8 6
[Negro families of wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers]
N um
City and economic level ber of
fami
lies
Aver
age in
creases
in as
sets 1
Average decreases
in amounts due
Aver
on goods pur
age de chased on install
creases
ment plan 1
in lialities 1
A uto Other
mobile
goods
Aver
age de
creases
in as
sets 1
Average increases
in amounts due
Aver
on goods pur
age in chased on install
creases
ment plan 1
in lia
bilities 1
Auto Other
mobile
goods
P h ila d elph ia
All families. . __ _
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600_________
$600 and o v e r .._____
101
$83
$38
$4
$10
$20
$65
$6
$13
55
31
15
79
89
83
28
49
51
0
13
0
11
8
13
7
35
37
61
55
95
0
0
42
20
14
97
76
30
0
16
37
60
3
20
49
35
13
79
73
72
33
33
11
0
0
0
13
24
10
20
63
35
58
54
84
0
1
6
12
24
38
9
P ittsb u rg h
All families
_____ _
Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Under $400_________
$400 to $600________
$600 and over. _____
1 Averages computed by dividing the total number of families in each city or economic level into the
aggregate increases or decreases of the families reporting such increases or decreases.
Chapter 2
Expenditures for Specified Goods
Food
A n n u a l fo o d e x p e n d itu r e .
Food expenditures as a percentage of total expenditure declined
consistently with rise in economic level1 among the Negro families
studied in both cities. Average dollar expenditures per family for
food prepared at home (including food for lunches prepared at home
and carried to work and to school) were actually less at the high level
than at the low, an apparent inconsistency which is undoubtedly
explained by the smaller size of families at the higher level.
T able
37 .—-Expenditures for food per capita per week
[Negro families of wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workersl
Item
Average
expenditure
per capita in 1 week
in winter quarter in—
Philadel
phia
Pittsburgh
Number of families furnishing data on food purchased in specified winter quarter.
58
97
Total expenditure for—
All foods . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _____________ _ __ _ ______ _______
Grain products________________ ___________ ____ ____ _____ ___ _______
Eggs
__________ ______ _____ _____ ___ __________ ______ _________ -Milk, cheese, ice cream_______________________________________
______
Butter and cream____ ________________________ _ ____________________
Other fats _ ____________ _______
_____ ___ . . .
. ______ _ __ __
Meat, poultry, fish, and other sea fo o d ____ .
___ ________ .
_
Vegetables and fruits
_ _
_ _ _ __ .
__ __
Sugars and sweets. _____ ______ _ _ ________ _ . _ _____
___ .
Miscellaneous foods___ ___________ ________ ______ __________________ _
$1.99
.29
. 13
. 19
. 11
. 16
.60
.29
.08
. 14
$2. 37
.35
. 14
. 19
. 13
.23
.59
.42
. 13
. 19
Percentage
Total expenditure for—
All foods___ _ .. ____ ___ _________ _____ __ _ ____
_____ ____
Grain products. _________ __ .
____
. . .
__ ._
__
Eggs. _______ _________ __ .
. . . . .
.. .
___________
■
Milk, cheese, ice cream _____
_.
___
_ . . . __
_____ _____
Butter and cream__________ _ _ _ _____
_. ___ _ ______ ___ ___
Other fats. _ ________ _____ ____ _ . . . .
__ .
_ . _______
Meat, poultry, fish, and other sea food..
. _ __ .
_ _ ___________
Vegetables and fruits______ _
.
. . . _____ _
Sugars and sweets____
_
_ _
__
Miscellaneous food s_ ________ .
_
.
_ ______
_.
___
__
100. 0
14.6
6.5
9.6
5.5
8.0
30.2
14.6
4.0
7.0
100.0
14.8
5.9
8.0
5.5
9.7
24.9
17. 7
5.5
8.0
1
Throughout the bulletin, economic level is defined as the amount of annual unit expenditure. For each
of the tables showing details of expenditures as many economic levels have been shown as the number of
cases in each city and the types of the data for each particular table would allow. For food expenditures
for Negro families the levels are as follows: Low, under $400; intermediate, $400 to $600; high, $600 and over.
See Tabular Summary, table 8.
105
106
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
FOOD EXPENDITURES OF WAGE EARNERS AND
LOWER-SALARIED CLERICAL WORKERS
AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS
PITTSBURGH, 1934-1935
NEGRO F A M IL IE S
E X P E N D IT U R E S
30
M IS C E L L A N E O U S
U .S BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
40
50
P E R C A P IT A
60
P E R W E E K IN C E N T S
70
80
90
100
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
107
On the contrary, average dollar expenditure for food bought and
eaten away from home increased considerably from the lowest to the
highest level in both cities (160 percent in Philadelphia, and 163 in
Pittsburgh). Of each dollar spent for food at the low economic level
in both cities, about 4 cents purchased meals away from home. A t
the highest level, the Negro families in Philadelphia spent about 11
cents of each food dollar for this purpose, while in Pittsburgh 10 cents
was so used. Although in Philadelphia expenditures for meals at
work increased from the low to the high levels much less rapidly than
did total expenditures for food away from home, the opposite was
true in Pittsburgh.
F ood e x p e n d itu r e s in 1 w ee\ o f th e w in te r q u a r te r .
The types of food purchased by the Negro families in these two
cities showed interesting differences in both amount of total expendi
ture and distribution of the dollar among groups of foods. Of.special
note was the smaller proportion of the Pittsburgh families’ total food
expenditures devoted to meats, poultry, and fish, and the larger pro
portion devoted to vegetables and fruits.
Data on 194 separate foods purchased and consumed during one
typical week in the winter quarter 2 have been summarized to show
average purchases by families at three different economic levels.3 (See
Tabular Summary, table 7.) A comparison of the amounts spent for
food per capita per week 4 on this basis shows that the average expendi
ture at the high level was 137 percent greater than at the low level in
Philadelphia, and 87 percent greater in Pittsburgh.
The amounts of milk purchased and the money spent for it differed
to some extent between the two cities. Although the amount of all
milk purchased (converting pounds of condensed and evaporated milk
to equivalent pounds of whole milk) was larger for the Negro families
in Pittsburgh than for those in Philadelphia, the per capita expendi
ture was larger for the latter city. Per capita expenditures and
amounts purchased by white families in the $400 to $600 group in
Philadelphia were exceeded by those of the Negro families in the two
groups over $400. In Pittsburgh, on the contrary, the expenditures
and the quantities purchased by the white families were considerably
larger than those of the Negro families.
2See footnote, p. 49.
3See footnote, p. 105.
4Since human needs for and customary consumption of foods of different types vary considerably for per
sons of different age and sex, it is impossible to compute any single measure of family size which will be
appropriate for comparing the consumption of specific foods from one family to another. Children’s need
for milk is approximately twice as great as that of adults, while the need of adults for heat-producing foods
(starches and sugars) is about' twice as great as that of children. Children’s consumption of meat varies
from that of adults at a still different rate. In order to secure figures on quantities of individual foods pur
chased and on expenditures for individual foods which would provide a reasonably satisfactory basis for
comparison and yet not present a misleading appearance of refinement, data on family purchases of indi
vidual foods have been converted to a per capita basis.
10 8
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
An estimate of the proportion of families at each of the three eco
nomic levels spending enough to buy an adequate diet showed a strik
ing progression from the families in the lowest economic level to those
in the highest. For Philadelphia, the proportion rose from 7.3 per
cent of the families at the lowest level, to 71.0 percent at the inter
mediate level and 93.3 percent at the highest level. In Pittsburgh,
the comparable proportions were 14.3 percent, 60.0 percent, and 69.2
percent.6
Housing
H o u s in g fa cilities.
Home owners, who constituted 17 percent of the Negro sample in
Philadelphia and 12 percent in Pittsburgh, enjoyed larger houses than
did the renters in the group. The average number of rooms per
home-owning family in Philadelphia was 7, and in Pittsburgh was 6,
while families who rented houses had about 5 rooms in each city.
T able
38.— Average number of persons per room at successive economic levels,
1 year during the period 1984-36
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
All fam
ilies
Item
Economic level—F a m i 1i e s
with annual unit expendi
ture of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
P h ila d elp h ia
Number of families in survey-- _ _____________
_______
.
Average number of persons per room among:
Home owners.
.
. _
_____ __________
Renters of houses. _
___ _____________ __
Renters of unheated apartments 1 ____________________
101
55
31
15
.54
.80
. 71
.99
. 52
.52
. 36
.51
97
49
35
13
.69
.75
.73
. 79
.92
.91
.53
.57
.63
.33
.56
.57
P ittsb u rg h
Number of families in survey___ ________
_________ _____
Average number of persons per room among:
Home owners ____
__
__
__ ____ ___ ___ .
Renters of houses
_
___ _______________
Renter5 nf unhealed apartments
;
1Information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
From table 38 it is apparent that the number of persons per room
was greater among renters of houses than among home owners. A
more striking fact shown in this table was the consistent downward
movement in the number of persons per room with rise in economic
level. The relatively high standard of most of these families in
regard to the minimum necessary space is not to be taken as indicating
5
For the purposes of this estimate the size of each family was measured in adequate-food-cost units based
on the U. S. Bureau of Home Economics adequate diet at minimum cost (see footnote, p. 52) and
average food expenditures per adequate-food-cost unit were also calculated for each family. These expendi
tures were compared with the calculated cost of this same diet for a man at moderate work, which was taken
as a unit in the adequate-food-cost scale. The prices used in this calculation were the average prices collected
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for its food cost indexes. (See pp. 52-53 for the limitations of such an
estimate.)
109
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
the condition of all Negro families in these two cities, since it must be
remembered that the sample is a cross section only of employed wage
earners and clerical workers who at no time during the schedule year
had received relief, and who had minimum employment and family
incomes of at least $500.
As with the white families, home owners surpassed renters in the
proportion of families having garden space. Three of the 17 home
owners in Philadelphia and 5 of the 12 in Pittsburgh had space suitable
for gardening in connection with their homes, whereas the correspond
ing figures for renters were 5 out of 84 and 10 out of 85.
Only 2 of the 101 Negro families studied in Philadelphia and 9 of
the 97 in Pittsburgh reported the use of garages.
Twenty-seven of the renters and none of the home owners in Phila
delphia, and 33 of the renters and 1 of the home owners in Pittsburgh,
lived in dwellings without one or all of the following facilities: running
hot and cold water, inside flush toilets, electric lights, and gas or
electricity for cooking. Table 39, showing the percentage of families
having various facilities, confirms the impression that the home
owners lived in relatively more comfortable dwellings than did
renters.
In table 9 of the Tabular Summary, the data on housing facilities
are presented in greater detail, including a break-down according to
economic level.
T able
39.— Housing facilities at the end of the schedule year, 1 year during the
period 1934-86
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Philadel
phia
Item
Number of families which owned principal home at end of schedule year____
Pittsburgh
_
17
12
Percentage of owners having:
Central heat
__
Gas or electricity for cooking__ ___ _ _____ ___ __ ____ _______ ______
Electric refrigerator. ____ _______ _
__ __ _ _ _ __
___ _____
Running hot and cold water.. ________ _
__ . . .
_
___
Inside flush toilet..
___________ _
. _
__ ______ _ __ _____
Sole use of toilet .
_________ . . .
______ _______
.
____
Telephone
__
__
__
___
G arage__
______
______ ______
_ _ _ . __
_..
___
Garden space
_
. .
_ .
______
_ _ ___
Play space
__
__
___
_
___ ____ ______
__
Each of the following items: Inside flush toilet, running hot and cold water,
electric lights, and gas or electricity for c o o k in g .__
__
100. 0
100.0
17. 6
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
41. 2
0
17.6
58.8
58. 3
100.0
16. 7
91. 7
100. 0
100.0
58.3
25.0
41. 7
66.7
100.0
91. 7
Number of families which rented principal home at end of schedule year_______
84
85
85. 7
77.4
3. 6
86.9
95.2
81.0
3.6
2.4
6.0
54.8
12.9
85.9
10.6
72.9
90.6
77.6
21.2
7.1
11.8
27.1
67.9
61.2
Percentage of renters having:
Central heat_
_
__
___
____
_____ __ __________
Gas or electricity for cooking______
_
__ _
________
___ _
Electric refrigerator __
____
__
_ _ __
__
______
___
Running hot and cold water
__ _
_______
Inside flush toilet..
_ ____
_______
___
__
________ ____
Sole use of t o ile t__
___
_
_____ ___ _
___
__
Telephone.
_______ __
__.
___ ____
___ __ ___
Garage
___
____
_ __
________
_ _ _ . __ _
Garden space
_
_ __
_____
_ _ _ _____ _
___ _.
Play space
__
______
_
_ _ ___
_____ _
_
Each of the following items: Inside flush toilet, running hot and cold water,
electric lights, and gas or electricity for co o k in g ._______ _ __ __
110
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
H o u s in g e x p e n d itu r e s.
When the Negro families are classified according to economic level,
the same tendency appears as was noted for white families, namely,
a decline at the higher economic levels in the proportion of total ex
penditures devoted to housing, fuel, light, and refrigeration combined.
This is partly due to the relatively large percentage of expenditures
going to this group of items at the lowest economic level and the
urgency of other needs not met at all, and partly to the smaller size
of the families at the higher economic levels. (For detailed housing
expenditures see table 10 of the Tabular Summary.)
Among Negro home owners, average current expenditures for hous
ing were about $18 less than for white home owners in Pittsburgh,
but in Philadelphia the Negro families averaged about $60 more than
did white families. (See table 39.) Taxes, interest on mortgages,
and repairs and replacements accounted for about 97 percent of the
total, which averaged $255 in Philadelphia and $241 in Pittsburgh.
Due to the small number of cases, the changes in the current housing
expenditures with increase in economic level were extremely irregular.
T able
40.— Housing expenditures, 1 year during the period 19S4~36
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Item
Philadel
phia
Pittsburgh
H o m e ow n ers fo r IB m on th s
Number of families 1
______________________________________________________
Average current expenditure______________________________________________
Average annual rental value_______________________________________________
Average imputed income from equity in own home__________________________
Average amount invested during year on own home_________________________
17
$255
$339
$84
$98
12
$241
$397
$156
$105
67
$20
42
$23
R en te r s o f h ou ses fo r IB m onths
Number of families----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Average monthly rental rate paid__________________________________________
R en te r s o f a p a rtm en ts w ith heat in clu d ed in ren t fo r IB m on th s
Number of families 1
______________________________________________________
Average monthly rental rate paid__________________________________________
14
(2
)
2
(2
)
R en te r s o f a p a rtm en ts w ith heat n ot in clu d ed in ren t fo r IB m onths
Number of families 1
______________________________________________________
Average monthly rental rate paid-------------------------------------- ------------------------
3
41
$18
101
0
1
97
0
1
$1
1
$4
0
(2
)
S econ d a ry h ousing
Number of families in survey______________________________________________
Average expenditure for owned vacation home______________________________
Number of families spending for rent on vacation or trip-------------------------------Average expenditure for rent on vacation or trip per family making such expen
diture-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Number of families spending for rent at school----------------------------------------------
1 Families changing type of tenure during year not included in this table. All figures apply to all families
in the designated tenure groups for 12 months.
2 Information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
On the average, these Negro home owners in Philadelphia were able
to invest about $98 in their own homes, and in Pittsburgh, about $105.
In Philadelphia most of the families not owning their homes rented
houses, but in Pittsburgh renting families were divided almost evenly
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
111
between houses and apartments where the tenant was responsible for
heat. (See table 40.) In general, there was a tendency for the
average monthly rent paid to increase with rise in economic level.
(See table 10 of the Tabular Summary.)
None of the Negro families studied owned a vacation home. One
family in each city paid rent while on vacation or trip, for which the
expenditure was $1 and $4, respectively. One family in Philadelphia
paid approximately $25 for a room for a child at school.
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.— Expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration were heaviest in winter and fall, with practically no
expenditures for coal in spring and summer. Evidently these fami
lies had neither the storage facilities nor the cash to buy their coal
in the summer months when prices are lower. In table 11 of the
Tabular Summary, detailed information is presented for expendi
tures on electricity, anthracite, bituminous coal, coke, briquets,
wood, fuel oil, gas, kerosene, gasoline not used for automobiles, and
ice. Since the actual amount paid for fuel, light, and refrigeration
depends to a large extent on whether a house or an apartment is in
volved, and on whether the rent paid the landlord includes heat, data
are presented in that table separately for families in four categories as
well as m the form of averages for all families.
Other items of household operation.— Items of household operation
other than fuel, light, and refrigeration include water rent, telephone,
domestic service, laundry sent out, laundry soap and cleaning sup
plies, and other miscellaneous items. Expenditures for these items
(table 12 of the Tabular Summary) rose markedly from low to high
economic levels. Laundry out and telephone expenditures increased
manyfold from the lowest to the highest economic levels, as did such
outlays by white families. Four Negro families in Philadelphia had
expenditures for part-time domestic service, but none had full-time
domestic service. In Pittsburgh, 5 families reported expenditures
for part-time and 3 for full-time domestic service.
Furnishings and Equipment
Expenditures for furnishings and equipment, which were greatest
for suites of furniture, electric refrigerators, stoves and ranges (not
electric), and carpets and rugs, were markedly greater at higher
economic levels. At the low level $23.11 was spent, on the average,
for this group of items, whereas families at the high level spent
$77.23. (See Tabular Summary, table 18.)
The goods purchased at different levels varied not only in kind but
in quantity. The articles purchased by the largest proportion of
families at the three economic levels for which figures are shown, were
fundamentals of household equipment: brooms, brushes, and mops,
112
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
electric light bulbs, window shades, screens and awnings, sheets, pots
and pans, cutlery, and towels. Families at the high level bought
curtains and draperies relatively more frequently than did families
at the low level. The same was true of such articles as suites of
furniture, carpets, felt-base floor coverings, and bedding.
Of the various groups of items coming under the general head of
furnishings and equipment, the purchase of those for furniture in
creased most markedly from low to high economic levels. (See
table 41.)
T able
41.— Expenditures for furnishings and equipment at different economic levels,
1 year during the period 1934S6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh combined]
All
families
Item
Economic level—Families with
annual unit expenditure of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
___________
198
104
66
28
Total expenditure for furnishings and equipment
______ _
___
___ ___
Furniture
Textile furnishings. _________
_
__ ____
Silver, china, and glassware.
_ ___ ____________
Electrical equipment _____ ___ _ ____________
Miscellaneous equipment______ ___________________
$37. 24
13. 29
8.13
. 45
7. 30
8. 07
$23.11
6. 46
6. 07
. 22
5. 65
4. 71
$42. 49
17. 99
7. 02
. 62
6. 08
10. 78
$77. 23
27. 53
18. 53
.87
16. 19
14.11
Number of families in survey_____________
Percentage
Total expenditure for furnishings and equipment...
Furniture
.
_ _
...
...
Textile furnishings
...
_____
Silver, china, and glassware. _ _ _________ _ . .
Electrical equipment.
________ _
____
. __
Miscellaneous equipment___ ___ __________________
100.0
35.7
21.8
1.2
19.6
21.7
ioo.o
27.9
26. 3
1.0
24. 4
20.4
100.0
42. 3
16. 5
1. 5
14.3
25.4
100.0
35. 6
24. 0
1.1
21. 0
18.3
Clothing
T o ta l e x p e n d itu r e p e r fa m il y f o r cloth in g.
Total expenditures for clothing by Negro families in the North
Atlantic region (see Tabular Summary, table 17) averaged $105 per
family. Expenditures for families at the low level averaged $92, rising
to $114 for the intermediate group and $134 for the high economic level.
The smaller size of family at the high level made the tendency of in
creasing clothing expenditures even more pronounced when they were
analyzed on a per person or per clothing-expenditure-unit basis. Thus
the average unit clothing expenditures at the three levels were $28,
$54, and $71, respectively.
That the custom of buying clothes ready-to-wear extends to the
Negroes studied is indicated by the overwhelming proportion of total
clothing expenditures going to purchase of ready-made clothing, dry
cleaning, and accessories. Expenditures for yard goods and findings
used for sewing garments at home averaged only $1.66 per family at
113
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
the low level, and $2.95 at the high level. Paid help for sewing claimed
a very small proportion of the expenditures by Negro families, as was
the case with white families, averaging an expenditure of 11 cents per
family at the low level and 23 cents at the high level.
Gifts of clothing, if paid for from family funds and exchanged within
the economic family, were not recorded as gifts but simply as clothing
expenses of the family. When, however, gifts were received from per
sons outside the family circle, an attempt was made to ascertain their
value. Approximately one-third of the families at each economic level
reported receiving such gifts. The value of such gifts as estimated by
the families averaged $4, but as a large proportion could not estimate
the value of the items received, such values have not been included,
and the above figure does not give a complete account of this item.
C lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e s f o r m e n a n d hoys.
The adult men and boys aged 18 years and over in the Negro fami
lies studied in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh purchased clothing of an
average value of $22 per person at the lowest economic level. This
figure increased regularly to $53 at the high level. The limited num
ber of persons aged less than 18 among the 198 Negro families studied
bars comparison of average clothing expenditure of boys in lower age
groups at various economic levels.
T able
42.— Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in families
at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 198^-86
[Men and boys in Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh com
bined]
Sex and age group, and type of
clothing
Men and boys 18 years of age and
over;
Headwear._____ __________ . . .
Outerwear... . . . .
....
___
Underwear. __ _ __
Footwear___________ __________
Miscellaneous items. ________
Total—_ _______
__________
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fam
ilies with annual unit
expenditure of—
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fam
ilies with annual unit
expenditure of—
$600
and
over
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$1. 79
14. 78
2. 67
8. 25
4. 32
$1.19
9.46
1. 82
6. 76
2. 73
$2.13
19. 58
3. 62
9. 19
5. 61
$3. 58
25. 34
3. 76
12. 35
7. 83
5. 6
46. 5
8.4
25.9
13.6
5.4
43.1
8.3
30.8
12.4
5.3
48.8
9.0
22.9
14.0
6.8
47.9
7.1
23.4
14.8
31. 81
21.96
40.13
52. 86
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
P ercent P ercent P ercent P ercent
When the clothing expenditures of Negro men aged 18 and over are
grouped according to general type (see table 42), expenditures for
outerwear and footwear are found to have constituted 72 percent for
the group as a whole. The proportions of total expenditure used for
outerwear and miscellaneous items were larger at the intermediate
and high levels than at the lowest level, while the proportion spent for
footwear was smaller. The proportions spent for headwear and for
114
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
underwear moved irregularly. The largest expense in the group of
miscellaneous items was for cleaning and repairing, for which the aver
age expenditure per man using such services was $1.92 at the lowest
economic level and $4.49 at the highest.
C lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e s f o r w o m e n a n d girls.
Total clothing expenditures for women and girls 18 years of age and
over were notably larger than those for men and boys in the same age
group at all economic levels.
Classification of clothing expenditures by type of article indicates
that among Negro women and girls aged 18 years and over in Phila
delphia and Pittsburgh, outerwear and footwear together accounted
for 76 percent of their total outlay for clothing (table 43). Outerwear
(coats, suits, dresses, blouses, and sweaters) constituted the largest
group of expenditures, with an average of $18 per person for all
Negro women
Footwear (including shoes, rubbers, and hosiery),
representing an average expenditure of $13, was second, and under
wear, with $4, came third. When classified by economic level, an
increasing proportion of total expenditures was devoted to headwear,
outerwear, and miscellaneous items. Proportions spent for underwear
and footwear changed irregularly with economic level.
T able
43.— Distribution of annual clothing expenditures for individuals in families
at successive economic levels, 1 year during the period 1984-86
[Women and girls in Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh
combined]
Sex and age group, and type of
clothing
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies with annual unit
expenditure of—
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
Women and girls 18 years of age and
over:
Headwear___
_
___ ______
Outerwear___ . . _____ _____
Underwear. _______ .
.
Footwear ____
_ . _____
Miscellaneous items. . .
_____
$2. 51
18.11
4. 25
12. 98
2. 87
$1.53
12.29
2.80
9. 53
1.45
$3. 29
22. 95
6.02
15. 46
3. 87
$5.09
33. 03
6. 79
23. 20
7.09
Total_______________________
40. 72
27.60
51. 59
75.20
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies with annual unit
expenditure of—
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
P ercen t P ercen t
6.2
44.5
10.4
31.9
7.0
P ercent
P ercen t
5. 5
44. 6
10. 1
34. 5
5.3
6.4
44.4
11. 7
30.0
7. 5
6.8
43.9
9.0
30.9
9.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
$400
Other Groups of Current Expenditures
In spite of the increase in dollar expenditures for recreation (see
Tabular Summary, table 15) with rise in economic level, the propor
tion of total expenditures designated for the various items so classified
increased very little. At all economic levels in each city, expenditures
for tobacco formed the largest item of recreation expenditures, with
newspapers second largest in Pittsburgh but third in Philadelphia.
Admissions to motion-picture houses accounted for the second largest
EXPENDITURES POR SPECIFIED GOODS
Fig 13
DISTRIBUTION OF ANNUAL CLOTHING
EXPENDITURES FOR INDIVIDUALS IN FAMILIES
AT SUCCESSIVE ECONOMIC LEVELS
'TWO CITIES IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC AREA
1934 - 1935
NEGRO FAMILIES
^ ms
g
MISCELLANEOUS
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
115
116
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
item of amusement in Philadelphia and the third in Pittsburgh. For
the two cities combined, the percentage of families owning radios was
almost exactly the same at the three economic levels, but the per
centage of families purchasing radios during the schedule year in
creased with rise in economic level. The average price paid by families
purchasing radios was $44 at both high and low levels.
T able
44,— Radio ownership and purchase at successive economic levels, 1 year
during the period 1 9 3 4- 3 6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh combined]
Item
All
families
Economic level—Families with
annual unit expenditure of—
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
___________ ________________
198
104
66
28
Percentage of families:
Owning radios. . . . . _________ _________ _________ _
Purchasing radios_____ .. . . . ___ ____ _ . ___________
67.7
9.6
68.3
8.7
68.2
9.1
64.3
14.3
Average amount paid for radio per family purchasing-------------
$46
$44
$49
$44
Number of families in survey-
If it had been possible to segregate the amount of transportation
expense undertaken primarily for recreational purposes, the pattern
of expenditure for recreation would, perhaps, have assumed a different
appearance.6 The percentage of total transportation expenditures
claimed by automobile purchase, operation, and maintenance increased
with rise in economic level. At all levels, the proportion of total trans
portation expenditures (see Tabular Summary, table 13) devoted to
automobiles was less than for white families at corresponding planes.
The average expenditure for automobile maintenance per family
owning automobile increased with rise in economic level. About half
of it went for gasoline, with expenditures for garage constituting a
third of the operation and maintenance expense in Philadelphia and
about a sixth in Pittsburgh. Only one of the Negro families surveyed
in Philadelphia purchased a new car, but three bought second-hand
cars at an average price of $290. In Pittsburgh, at an average price
of $108, nine second-hand cars were purchased.
Expenditures for other forms of transportation were distinctly
greater than those for automobiles at the low level, but were exceeded
by automobile expenditures at the high level.
6
See pp. 78-79 for discussion of other items of expenditure for recreational purposes not shown under the
classification “ recreation.”
117
EXPENDITURES FOR SPECIFIED GOODS
2 different economic
T a b l e 45.-—Expenditures for recreation and transportation at
levels, 1 year during the period 19 3 4- 3 6
[Negro families of wage earners and clerical workers]
Philadelphia
Economic level—Families with annual
unit expenditure of—
Item
Under
$400
Number of families studied____ ___
Pittsburgh
_______
______ _____
Recreation expenditures: Average amount____ ___ ________
Percentage for—
Tobacco___ ________
- _ . - _____________
Movies_____ _
_ - __ ___
___ _ _______ ___ _ _
Newspapers___________________________________________
Other reading______________________________________.___
Recreational equipment, etc
Transportation expenditures: Average amount ___ _____ _ __
Percentage for—
Automobile purchase, maintenance, and care __ . . _ _____
Other - _ _______ ____ _
__
. ____
Percentage of families owning autos..
__
_ _______
Expenditure for automobile maintenance by familes owning
autos: Average amount_
_ _______. . . ____ ____ _______ _
Percentage for—
___________________________________
Gasoline and oil..
Garage rent and parking______________________________ _
Other .
___________ ___________ _ ________
$600 and
over
Under
$400
$600 and
over
55
15
49
13
$51
$72
$40
$77
44.4
15. 2
13. 5
.7
26. 2
30. 5
20.1
13.8
1.4
34.2
39.0
12. 2
23.9
.6
24.3
36.8
5.9
14.4
1. 2
41.7
$58
$149
$46
$108
29.2
70. 8
14. 5
57.2
42. 8
26.7
35.6
64. 4
16.3
55.8
44.2
23. 1
$97
$71
$69
$226
44. 5
25.1
30.4
37.0
40. 2
22.8
55.9
6.9
37.2
50.4
20. 6
29.0
Average expenditure per person for personal care (see Tabular
Summary, table 14) increased from $5 at the lowest economic level in
Philadelphia to $14 at the highest, and from $5 to $12 in Pittsburgh.
Shampoos were an important item in this total. Expenditures for
medical care (see Tabular Summary, table 14) showed a pronounced
tendency in both cities to increase at higher economic levels. Since
no information on free medical care was obtained, it is not possible to
say to what extent these greater expenditures represent more or better
service, or whether they merely indicate that the medical profession
charged more for its services as the families were better able to afford
them.
Educational and vocational expenditures (see Tabular Summary,
table 16), negligible in amount, showed no clear movement with rising
economic level. On the other hand, contributions to community
welfare were notably greater, on the average, at the highest level,
and gifts and contributions to persons outside the economic family,
dependent relatives to a large extent, showed an even more marked
increase at the higher levels.
Part III.—Tabular Summary
119
53959°— 39-
-9
120
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
1.— Distribution of fam ilies, by economic level and income level
BOSTON, MASS.—W HITE FAMILIES
$500 to $600
$600 to $700
| $700 to $800
$800 to $900
| $900 to $1,000
j $1,000 to $1,100
$1,100 to $1,200
$1,200 to $1,300
$1,300 to $1,400
$1,400 to $1,500
$1,500 to $1,600
$1,600 to $1,700
85
51
24
20
11
7
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
12
20
22
16
9
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
14
14
20
16
10
6
1
1
1
1
0
0
5
17
13
10
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
3
6
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
7
6
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
5
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
101
117
112
91
33
16
6
6
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
34
25
16
14
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
11
20
20
35
18
3
6
1
2
1
0
$1,700 to $1,800
$400 to $500
82 100 117
516
$300 to $400
$200 to $300
14
Under $100
Families in sur
vey__________
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$l,200___
$1,200-$1,500__
$1,500-$1,800__
$1,800-$2,100__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300__
$3,300-$3,600—
$3,600-$3,900__
All families
Income class
$100 to $200
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure unit per year
BUFFALO, N. Y .—W HITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey—
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$1.200___
$1,200-$1,500__
$1,500-$1,800__
$1,800-$2,100__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000—
$3,000-$3,300__
$3,300-$3,600__
450
0
5
46
82 104
85
54
29
20
12
7
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
97
120
105
81
18
6
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
21
9
7
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
7
21
25
15
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
20
18
27
17
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
20
11
9
5
3
1
0
0
0
0
3
7
9
6
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
4
9
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
5
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
25
33
22
16
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
JOHNSTOWN, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey—
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$1,200___
$l,200-$l,500_-_
$1,500-$1,800___
$1,800-$2,100__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
153
1
28
37
46
13
1
7
3
5
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
36
49
33
20
10
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
15 13
10 • 7
2 10
0
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
25
11
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
2
4
4
1
0
0
1
0
0
4
5
5
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
LAN CASTER, PA.— W HITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey____ ___
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$l,200___
$1,200-$1,500___
$1,500-$1,800__
$1,800-$2,100__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300__
$3,300-$3,600—
151
0
3
32
40
31
15
11
11
3
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
21
47
39
18
14
4
4
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
18
5
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
11
11
12
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
3
11
8
3
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
7
1
2
1
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
121
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 1 . — Distribution of fam ilies, by economic level and income level— Continued
M A N C H E S T E R N. H.—W HITE FAMILIES
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure unit per year
g
Income class
.2
a
s
«■
«
«a
<
Families in sur
vey
__ __ _ 146
Annual net in
come of—
3
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____ 13
$900-$1,200___ 37
$1,200-$1,500___ 40
$l,500-$l,800-_- 26
$1,800-$2,100.__ 18
$2,100-$2,400__ 5
$2,400-$2,700__ 3
$2,700-$3,000__
1
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m-
I
0
4
21
61
31
10
10
13
4
2
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
4
9
6
1
1
0
1
6
7
12
14
6
0
3
11
8
4
0
0
6
2
0
2
2
0
1
4
1
1
0
0
1
6
4
1
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PHILADELPHIA, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey__________
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$l,200___
$1,200-$1,500__
$1,500-$1,800__
$1,800-$2,100__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300__
$3,300-$3,600__
$3,600-$3,900__
$3,900-$4,200___
$4,200-$4,500__
$4,500-$4,800__
498
1
24
83
96
82
70
60
39
24
8
5
1
2
0
0
0
0
3
4
31
106
113
88
82
29
19
8
8
4
3
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
12
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
11
34
21
7
7
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
12
19
28
21
9
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
15
24
15
10
8
4
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
16
12
13
15
5
1
3
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
7
10
12
18
1
6
1
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
9
10
8
6
3
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
5
8
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
PH ILADELPHIA, PA.—NEGRO FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey____ _____ 101
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
0
$600-$900_____ 16
$900-$l,200___ 44
$1,200-$1,500__ 26
$1,500-$1,800__ 13
$1,800-$2,100__ 2
0
8
24
23
15
16
9
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
6
0
0
0
0
6
12
5
1
0
0
3
10
7
2
1
0
4
5
3
3
0
0
1
8
4
2
1
0
0
3
6
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PITTSBURGH, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey—
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600____
$600-$900_____
$900-$l,200___
$1,200-$1,500__
$1,500-$1,800__
$1,800-$2,100__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300__
$3,300-$3,600__
$3,600-$3,900__
346
0
11
64
76
65
54
38
16
12
5
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
18
71
90
94
42
17
5
3
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
6
25
18
8
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
17
24
21
6
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
4
13
19
19
6
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
11
21
11
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
8
13
7
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
7
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
3
0
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
122
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
1.— Distribution of fam ilies, by economic level and income level— Continued
PITTSBURGH, PA.—NEGRO FAMILIES
E c o n o m ic level--F a m ilie s spen din g per expenditure un it per year
In com e class
C
O
•S
a
•2
o
o
A
e©
el
1
69
o
i
<
F am ilies in sur
vey—
A n n u a l net in
com e of—
$500-$600______
$600-$900______
$900-$1,200____
$1,200-$1,500--$1,500-$1,800_._
$1,800-$2,100_._
$2,100-$2,400__
8
X
o
o
1
m
o
o
8
69
8
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m
o
o
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69
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1
99
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8
99
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69
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8
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8
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o
69
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69
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69
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«q_
69
1
69
1I
i
I
97
0
5
22
22
23
12
9
i
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
30
44
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
10
7
0
11
7
1
2
0
1
0
4
17
0
2
0
0
0
4
7
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
2
1
3
1
0
0
0
3
1
0
0
3
5
0
1
0
PORTLAN D, M AINE—W H ITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey ---- -----Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$l,200___
$1,200-$1,500_$1,500-$1,800_-$l,800-$2,100-__
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300—
$3,300-$3,600__
$3,600-$3,900__
153
0
6
22
38
35
15
20
7
5
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
36
41
32
16
10
2
1
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
6
8
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
14
12
4
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
11
11
4
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
3
1
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
7
1
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—W H ITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey------------ Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$l,200___
$1,200-$1,500.__
$1,500-$1,800__
$1,800-$2,100._.
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300_ __
$3,300-$3,600___
301
0
3
27
65
68
47
35
20
15
12
4
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
16
77
83
45
42
23
7
3
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
9
6
6
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
25
25
7
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
22
16
13
7
2
1
1
1
0
0
1
13
12
8
6
6
0
0
1
5
13
3
7
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
4
5
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
6
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
3
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
SCRANTON, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES
Families in sur
vey—
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600_____
$600-$900_____
$900-$1.200____
$1,200-$1,500.._
$1,500-$1,800___
$1,800-$2,100__.
$2,100-$2,400__
$2,400-$2,700__
$2,700-$3,000__
$3,000-$3,300__
$3,300-$3,600__
231
0
6
32
58
51
44
17
6
11
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
23
44
69
53
26
8
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
7
10
8
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
7
12
15
16
5
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
8
22
11
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
7
11
12
4
4
1
0
0
1
0
0
3
5
5
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
5
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
123
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
1 .— Distribution of fam ilies, by economic level and income level— Continued
S P R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H IT E FA M IL IE S
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year
8
Income class
8
B
C
8
Families in sur
vey _________ 248
Annual net in
come of—
$500-$600 ____ 0
7
$600-$900 ____
$900-$!,200____ 54
$1,200-$1,500---- 66
$I,500-$1,800__ 52
$1,800-$2,100__ 34
$2,100-$2,400__ 22
$2,400-$2,700__ 7
$2,700-$3,000__ 2
$3,000-$3,300 ._- - 1
$3,300-$3,600_
_ 1
$3,600-$3,900__ 1
$3,900-$4,200__ 0
$4,200-$4,500__ 1
§
t
H
© o
■ i
a
£
8
o
o
g
&
g
8
o
-o
t3
-
1
8
c
&
g
m
o
-u
8
&
o
i
1
c
s
mo
1
4/3
o
m-
8
§
1
m
o
mo
§
g
S
I
o
m
o
4 4 4 4
3 3 3 ,3
m
o o o
C
'
s 8 o«■ € <s
«
& yo o o
1
si
1
S
I
1
o
8 o
C o
C
« - Si
e
0
4 31 46 58 41
25
25
8
7
2
0
0
1
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o 0 0 0 0
0 2 2 3 0
3 14 15 10 7
1 7 12 22 9
0 3 7 14 14
0 3 7 5 4
0 0 1 2 6
0 2 0 1 1
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
o
0
5
9
1
5
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
o
0
5
8
5
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
2
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
]
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 ‘0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
124
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
2 .— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
$100 to
$200
$200 to
$300
$300 to
$400
$700 to
$800
$800 to
$900
$900 to
$1,000
$1,000 to
$1,100
$1,100 and
over
516
14
82
100
117
85
51
24
20
11
7
5
113
133
196
74
0
3
10
1
13
14
37
18
13
23
47
17
28
26
44
19
25
20
31
9
13
19
14
5
10
9
3
2
7
7
3
3
3
5
3
0
0
5
2
0
1
2
2
0
65
68
116
12
0
0
4
6
0
5
23
5
1
10
42
0
5
17
31
1
9
21
11
o
14
7
4
0
10
4
1
0
10
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
6
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
62
2
15
15
13
13
3
1
0
0
0
0
33
39
46
3
2
0
0
0
22
1
5
1
7
6
10
1
2
9
16
1
0
9
11
0
0
7
2
0
0
3
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
52
0
2
4
16
7
11
4
6
2
0
0
11
0
2
1
4
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
1
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
314
45
2
7
14
14
7
71
5
7
26
7
4
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
43
10
0
3
4
0
2
14
0
1
5
56
16
0
2
3
5
0
11
0
2
4
71
8
0
1
4
2
1
21
1
3
5
54
2
1
0
1
3
2
14
1
0
4
33
3
0
0
0
2
1
6
1
1
4
16
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
2
16
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
14
82
100
117
85
51
24
20
11
7
5
o
oo
IS
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
Item
All families
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
D istr ib u tio n b y O cc u p a tio n o f C h ief
E a r n e r a nd b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey.. ________ ______
Families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker___ ______ ______
Skilled wage earner______________
Semiskilled wage earner__________
Unskilled wage earner_____ ______
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife ________ . . . . . . __
Man, wife, and 1 child 2_____ ___
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2___
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2.
Man, wife, and children and adults
(4 to 6 persons) 2_______________
Man, wife, and children and adults
(7 or more persons)2________
Man, wife, and 1 adult.___________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults___
Adults (2 or 3 persons, not includ
ing man and wife). _ _________
Adults (4 or more persons, not in
cluding man and w ife)__ . . . . .
Adult or adults, and children (2 or
3 persons not including man and
wife) _____________ ._ ______
Adult or adults, and children (4 or
more persons not including man
wife) ________________________
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Families having no homemaker_____
Families having homemaker born in—
United States. _____________ ____
Italy-------------------- __ ___
Germany_____ ____ _____ ________
Poland______ _ _____
_______
R ussia..
. . _______ __________
Canada (not French)..... ..............
England_______ _____ _________
Ireland_______ . . . _____________
Sweden_____________
_______
Canada (French)___________ _____
Other____________________ ____
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households___ __________
Average number of persons in house
hold---- ------------------ ------Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers______ ______
Boarders only. ______ ___________
Lodgers only___ _____ ________
Other persons___________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total________ _______
Under 16 years of age___________
16 years of age and over_________
Expenditure u n its _______________
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic
family___________________________
516
4.29
7.62 5.94 4.78 4.07 3.86 3.07 2.94 2.53 2.58 2.50 2. 36
104
1
22
28
4
0
0
0
9
0
2
2
21
1
8
5
4.00
1.29
2.71
3.64
7.29
4.06
3.23
6.52
5.80
2. 71
3.09
5.17
4.44
1.66
2.78
4.01
.30 I .35
.15
.40
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
3.82 3.45 2. 75 2.58 2.28 2.34 2.22
1.10 .76 .35 .31 .12 .10 0
2. 72 2.69 2.40 2. 27 2.16 2.24 2.22
3.49 3.18 2.57 2.41 2.18 2.22 2.14
2.27
0
2.27
2.21
20
0
8
9
.28
23
0
1
6
.42
13
0
1
1
.33
7
0
1
1
.39
3
0
1
1
.27
1
0
0
1
.29
.31
.17
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “ Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 2 .—
125
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
BO STO N , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
1 $100 to
1 $200
l $200 to
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$800 to
$900
$900 to
$1,000
$1,000 to
$1,100
$1,100 and
over
Item
All families
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
14
82
100
117
85
51
24
20
11
7
5
5
24
23
31
22
12
5
5
4
1
3
4
0
0
0
11
7
1
1
28
6
5
2
26
12
6
5
22
13
8
5
14
5
2
3
9
0
4
0
4
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
14
0
17
1
13
6
11
1
5
2
4
1
5
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
o
o o
oo
&&
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in su rv ey .________________ 516
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners____
135
N et earnings from boarders and
122
lodgers________________________
45
Other net rents___________ _____
30
Interest and dividends______
__
Pensions and insurance annuities. _
16
Gifts from persons outside economic
73
family___ ___________________
12
Other sources of income. . .
---Deductions from income (business
45
losses and expenses)____________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/
329
or decrease in liabilities)________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/
167
or increase in liabilities)________
3
.
_____
Inheritance_______
Average number of gainful workers
per family___
________________ 1.36
Average amount of—
N et family income----------------Earnings of individuals------ _
Chief earner_____ ________ _
Subsidiary earners__________
Males: 16 years and over. _
Under 16 years. ______
Females: 16 years and over___
Under 16 y e a r s ____
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers_____________
______
Other net rents._. ___
Interest and dividends. ______
Pensions and insurance annui
ties______ ______ _
____ .
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family____ _________
Other sources of in c o m e .------Deductions from income (busi
ness losses and expenses). _ _ .
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or
decrease in liabilities)__ ____ __
Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities)-----------N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey______ .
Inheritance_____________________
3
2
8
3
8
6
2
2
2
0
49
69
79
52
29
10
13
8
6
1
1
0
28
1
23
0
36
2
32
0
21
0
1?
0
7
0
2
0
1
0
4
0
1.55 1.46 1.30 1.36 1.34 1. 31 1.23 1.32 1. 49 1. 25 1.52
D o l.
D o l.
1, 571
1,474
1, 302
172
1, 255
(8)
219
0
1,250
1,180
1,027
153
1,064
3
113
0
61
8
2
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
1, 561
1,461
1, 278
183
1, 236
0
225
0
1, 735
1,596
1,411
185
1,409
(3)
187
0
1, 656
1, 539
1,347
192
1,284
0
255
0
1, 759
1, 671
1, 520
151
1,493
0
178
0
1,841
1, 742
1, 534
208
1,245
0
497
0
2,182
2,071
1,813
258
1, 539
0
532
0
2, 303
2,135
1,964
171
1,964
0
171
0
2, 269
2, 213
1, 728
485
1,944
0
269
0
67
2
1
50
10
1
87
15
2
66
10
1
65
0
6
57
9
1
67
10
1
89
0
79
37
0
0
1,326 1,405
1,260 1,324
1,107 1,193
153 131
1,063 1,147
1 00
196 177
0
0
67
37
0
11
0 (*)
12
0
6
2
24
24
19
0
0
0
0
0
10
6
5
1
12
0
9
1
7
9
5
9
7
16
21
2
35
0
46
0
0
0
19
0
-2
-3
00
-1
-1
-3
-2
-6
-3
-13
0
0
125
131
109
105
126
143
155
77
127
141
146
383
180
189
220
205
170
176
217
104
280
540
202
00
+ 14 +122
2
0
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
12
13
+ 4 +29 +17 + 10 +18 - 5 6
2
0
5
0
0
0
+ 6 +83 +85 - 355
0
0
0
0
126
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a bl e 2 .—
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA LO , N. Y.—W HITE FAM ILIES
$100 to
$200
$200 to
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$700 to
$800
$1,000 to
$1,100
$1,100 and
over
All families
450
5
46
82
104
85
54
29
20
12
7
6
113
114
154
69
0
0
1
4
10
5
23
8
13
23
31
15
23
25
34
22
22
24
32
7
18
17
15
4
10
5
9
5
5
7
6
2
6
4
1
1
4
3
0
0
2
1
2
1
106
81
94
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
19
1
2
13
29
0
10
28
26
0
25
22
13
0
19
13
5
0
18
2
1
0
15
0
0
0
7
2
0
0
4
1
0
0
6
0
0
0
50
1
14
19
10
2
3
0
1
0
0
0
11
40
21
1
3
0
0
0
5
1
0
1
3
4
7
0
0
10
5
0
0
14
4
0
0
6
4
0
0
2
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
0
3
3
13
3
1
3
2
2
2
0
6
0
1
2
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
355
11
27
19
2
12
4
7
1
12
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
3
2
8
0
0
0
0
0
1
66
2
3
2
1
3
1
2
0
2
77
5
7
6
0
2
0
4
72
1
4
0
1
3
1
0
1
2
46
0
4
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
26
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
7
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
5
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
46
82
104
85
54
29
20
12
7
6
o
oo
o o
$900 to
$1,000
Item
1
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f
E a r n e r a nd b y F a m ily T y p e i
Families in survey___ _ _________
Families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker__________________
Skilled wage earner___ ___________
Semiskilled wage earner____ _____
Unskilled wage earner____ ______
Number of families composed of—
Man and w i f e . ___ ___ ________
Man, wife, and 1 c h ild 2. _______
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2___
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2_
Man, wife, and children and adults
(4 to 6 persons)2.
___________
Man, wife, and children and adults
(7 or more persons)2. __________
Man, wife, and 1 adult___________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults___
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including
man and w ife). _____ ____. . .
Adults (4 or more persons (not in
cluding man and w ife)____ _
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3
persons not including man and
wife)___ _
. . . _________ . . .
Adult or adults and children (4 or
more persons not including man
and wife)________ ____________
D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Families having no homemaker_____
Families having homemaker born in—
United States ______ _____ _______
Italy__________________
____ _
Germany___ ________ . . . ______
Poland___ ______ ________ _. __
R u s s ia . . ___
_ _____ . . . __
Canada (not French)_________ . . .
England__ _ _. _________ _____
Ireland_____________ . . . ___ __
S w e d e n ______. . . ____ ________
Other. _____ _____ _____________
3
0
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households_____________
Average number of persons in house
hold____________________________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers____________
Boarders only_____ ____________
Lodgers o n ly _____________ _ _
Other persons___________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total____________
Under 16 years of age___________
16 years of age and over. ________
Expenditure units_______________
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic fam
ily —
450
3.65
6.74 5.48 4.47 3. 52 3.17 3.01 2.79 2.36 2.74 2.28 2. 52
78
1
7
22
1
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
3.45
.96
2.49
3.17
6.60
2.40
4.20
6.07
5.37
2.29
3.08
4.82
.21
.20
.15
12
0
1
3
17
1
2
2
17
0
1
5
7
0
0
3
7
0
1
7
4
0
1
0
4
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
2
0
1
0
4.28 3.34 2.96 2.88 2. 43 2.19 2. 22 2.12 2.17
1.52 .98 .63 .49 .16 .05 .14 .14 (3)
2. 76 2.36 2. 33 2. 39 2.27 2.14 2.08 1.98 2.17
3.89 3.04 2.74 2.66 2.34 2.07 2.13 2.12 1.93
.20
.20
.22
.16
.36
.17
.52
. 18
.36
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 367, 1924.
3 Less than 0.005 persons.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 463.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 2 . — Description
127
of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
BU FFA L O , N . Y —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
$100 to
$200
$200 to
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$900 to
$1,000
$1,000 to
$1,100
$1,100 and
over
Item
All families
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
5
46
82
104
85
54
29
20
12
7
6
3
17
17
17
15
11
8
2
3
1
2
1
3
0
0
6
3
3
1
13
5
4
3
19
11
9
3
16
9
10
4
6
4
4
2
6
3
4
1
4
2
2
2
4
3
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
2
0
0
4
2
6
2
6
1
5
2
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
4
15
6
8
5
1
1
2
34
60
11
76
16
5
56
25
19
14
6
2
2
0
0
12
0
19
0
25
1
29
1
27
0
9
0
6
2
6
0
5
0
4
1
o
o o
S i
o
oo
I I
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey_________ _______ 450
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners...___
96
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers________________________
78
Other net rents_ . . . _ __________
_
43
Interest and dividends___________
38
Pensions and insurance annuities...
18
Gifts from persons outside economic
family_________ _______ _ ___
28
Other sources of income__________
9
Deductions from income (business
69
losses and expenses)____________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/
or decrease in liabilities)... ____ 299
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/
142
or increase in liabilities) ________
5
Inheritance ______ ___________
Average number of gainful workers
1.24
per family__________ __________
Average amount of—
N et family income__ _______ __
Earnings of individuals _______
Chief earner______ ____
Subsidiary earners___________
Males: 16 years and over______
Under 16 y e a r s _____
Females: 16 years and over___
Under 16 years ____
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers________ _______ _____
Other net rents_____ . . ______
Interest and dividends. . . . ____
Pensions and insurance annuities.
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic fam ily.. __ _ ________
Other sources of income. . . . . . .
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses) _ _______
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_____________
Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities) _ . — _____
N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey________
Inheritance ___ _______ ____ ____
D o l.
1.80 1.43 1. 27 1.17 1.21 1.20 1. 31 1.10 1.25 1.14 1. 33
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
1, 419
1, 377
1,295
82
1, 217
0
160
0
1, 506
1, 448
1, 372
76
1, 370
0
78
0
1, 655
1, 606
1, 530
76
1,469
0
137
0
1,711
1,646
1,412
234
1, 276
0
370
0
1, 670
1, 634
1, 579
55
1, 577
0
57
0
21
13
1
5
32
11
3
15
27
6
10
1
48
10
5
12
6
10
2
24
74
42
0
0
15
0
16
0
32
0
1
121
3
3
8 (3)
1
1
6
4
5
0
0
0
0
4
57
0
38
0
D o l.
1,496 1, 232 1, 253 1, 371
1, 438 1,105 1,199 1, 306
1, 342
886 1,060 1,240
96
219 139
66
1, 300 1,031 1, 073 1, 234
0
1
0
(3)
138
74 125
72
0
0
0
0
84
28
43
2
0 (3)
4
0
31
10
3
9
40
7
1
7
D o l.
D o l.
1,847 2,097
1, 727 2, 016
1, 639 1, 837
88 179
1,583 1,328
0
0
144 688
0
0
D o l.
2,040
1, 855
1, 692
163
1,692
0
163
0
5
4
0
0
12
12
-4
0
-4
-1
-1
-5
-5
-15
-6
(3)
-7
-7
121
120
96
111
116
128
83
155
208
154
146
154
201
0
133
141
121
197
178
361
271
550
254
332
+17 +120 +37 +48 +56 +18 - 5 1 - 1 0 +65 -198 - 14 0 - 17 0
2
4
0
0 152
0
0
83
9
0
0
0
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
D o l.
D o l.
128
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
2 .— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
JO H N STO W N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$200
$600
and
over
$200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to
$300
$600
$400
$500
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
and b y F a m i l y T y p e 1
Families in survey___________________ ____
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker._____ ___________________
Skilled wage earner____ ____ _____ ______
Semiskilled wage earner_________________
Unskilled wage earner__________________
Number of families composed of—
M an and wife__________ _______________
Man, wife, and 1 child___ ____ __________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children.__ . . . ____
Man, wife, and 5 or more children_______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
persons)___________ _______ __________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)________________________
Man, wife, and 1 adult__________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults_________
Adults (2 or 3 persons, not including man
and w ife )............ ........... ............. .............
Adults (4 or more persons, not including
man and wife)________________________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons, not including man and wife)______
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons, not including man and wife)___
153
29
37
46
13
17
11
45
34
34
40
2
7
5
15
6
9
11
11
15
9
12
10
6
3
3
1
10
3
2
2
6
3
1
1
21
23
36
2
0
0
5
1
0
0
13
1
5
14
12
0
2
3
4
0
6
3
2
0
8
3
0
0
15
5
6
3
1
0
0
20
10
11
0
12
0
3
0
7
1
3
0
1
4
4
0
0
1
1
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
130
3
4
6
1
9
22
0
2
4
0
1
29
2
0
1
1
4
43
0
1
1
0
1
13
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
1
0
0
3
10
1
0
0
0
0
153
4. 42
29
6.47
37
5. 29
46
3.66
13
3.81
17
2.86
11
2. 38
14
0
4
1
2
0
1
0
2
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
3
0
3
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4.30
1. 52
2.78
3. 87
6.38
3.05
3. 33
5. 65
5.20
1. 95
3. 25
4. 69
3. 59
1.04
2. 55
3.29
3.40
.95
2. 45
3.16
2. 73
.51
2. 22
2. 55
2. 37
.31
2.06
2.22
. 13
.10
.10
.09
.49
.14
.03
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker. ..
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States_____ _ . __ _________ . . .
Ita ly--------------------------------------Germany_________ . . . _________________
Poland_________ . . . ___________________
Ireland____ . . . ____ . . . _______ _ __ . . .
Other.. ________________________ ____
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households. _ ___ _______ ______
Average number of persons in household___
Number of household with—
Boarders and lodgers_________ _ _______
Boarders only__________ _______ ______
Lodgers only_______________ _________
Other persons_______________
_______
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total__________________________
Under 16 years of a g e . ____ _ _ .
_
16 years of age and over_______________
Expenditure u n it s __________ ________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family_____________
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
129
2 .— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
JOHN STO W N , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$200
$200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to
$300
$400
$500
$600
$600
and
over
E a r n i n g s a nd In c o m e
Families in survey............. .................... ..........
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___
Other net rents_________________________
Interest and dividends_____ _____ ______
Pensions and insurance annuities. _ ____
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income______ . . . ______
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_______________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_________________ __
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)__________________
Inheritance____________________ ______
Average number of gainful workers per
fam ily_____________________ ______ ____
Average amount of—
N et family in co m e.._______ ____________
Earnings of individuals______ _________
Chief earner__________________ _____
Subsidiary earners__________________
Males: 16 years and over___________
Under 16 years______________
Females: 16 years and over__________
Under 16 years.____ ______
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers..
Other net rents_______________________
Interest and dividends________________
Pensions and insurance annuities.__ . . .
Gifts from persons outside economic
family__________________________ . . .
Other sources of income____________ ._
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)____ ___________ ____
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
ties) _________________________________
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
ties) _________________________________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey________________ . . .
Inheritance____________________________
1 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
153
29
37
46
13
17
11
38
17
15
8
9
11
16
9
3
3
0
0
4
0
14
2
2
2
2
3
5
8
4
3
5
5
3
8
1
5
3
0
1
0
1
4
2
3
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
11
1
5
4
1
0
87
16
17
28
9
10
7
62
0
11
0
19
0
18
0
4
0
6
0
4
0
1. 34
1.43
1. 56
1.24
1.07
1.27
1.26
$1,188
1,125
1,031
94
1,022
1
102
0
16
7
1
26
$875
843
798
45
798
2
43
0
9
11
0
0
$1,156
1,109
946
163
964
3
142
0
11
3
(0
18
$1,144
1,087
973
114
1,040
0
47
0
14
3
2
24
$1,493
1, 251
1,226
25
1,051
0
200
0
67
17
0
147
$1, 406
1,341
1,207
134
1,128
0
213
0
13
14
1
21
$1, 616
1,611
1, 537
74
1,537
0
74
0
1
4
0
0
5
13
12
0
6
22
3
16
0
18
2
14
0
0
-13
—5
—7
0
0
176
101
277
182
250
-5
151
0)
78
195
85
141
122
434
246
776
+7
0
+11
0
+9
0
+ 14
0
+58
0
+20
0
- 12 3
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
130
T able
2 . — Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
L A N C A STE R , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$400
to
$500
$300
to
$400
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
and
over
D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m i l y T y p e 1
Families in survey-------------------------Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker________________________
Skilled wage earner____________________
Semiskilled wage earner________________
Unskilled wage earner____ _____________
N um ber of families composed of—
Man and wife----------------------------Man, wife, and 1 child_________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children__________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children_______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons)----------------------------Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)________________________
Man, wife, and 1 adult-------------------Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults---------Adults (2 or 3 persons, not including man
and wife)____________________________
Adults (4 or more persons, not including
man and w ife)_______________________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons, not including man and w ife)_____
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons, not including man and w ife).. _
151
35
40
31
15
11
11
8
28
34
65
24
4
7
17
7
4
7
23
6
2
12
9
8
8
2
5
0
4
2
4
1
2
2
6
1
4
2
1
1
37
19
24
0
0
1
13
0
2
10
9
0
7
7
1
0
8
0
1
0
6
0
0
0
9
1
0
0
5
0
0
0
16
7
4
4
1
0
0
0
8
17
10
0
7
3
2
0
1
6
2
0
0
4
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
14
0
5
4
0
3
0
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
1
2
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
141
1
6
3
33
1
1
0
36
0
1
3
30
0
1
0
15
0
0
0
10
0
1
0
11
0
0
0
6
0
2
0
151
3.87
35
5.50
40
3.93
31
3.57
15
3.15
11
2.46
11
2.48
8
2.79
37
1
8
14
8
0
1
2
7
1
4
3
11
0
1
3
4
0
1
3
1
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
4
0
1
0
3. 53
.88
2. 65
3.26
5.26
2.17
3.09
4. 70
3.58
.99
2.59
3. 37
3.12
.41
2. 71
2. 94
2. 76
.25
2. 51
2. 67
2.29
0
2.29
2.22
2.30
.07
2.23
2. 27
2.05
0
2. 05
1. 95
.37
.26
.37
.47
.41
.20
.20
.75
D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker..
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States__________________________
Italy--------------------------------------Germany_____________________________
Other_________________________________
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households___________________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers____________ ____ _
Boarders only____ ____________________
Lodgers only__________________________
Other persons__________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total__________________________
Under 16 years of age_________________
16 years of age and over_______________
Expenditure units_____________________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family____________
1 “ Children are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
131
2. — Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
L A N C A STE R , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$500
to
$600
$400
to
$500
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
and
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey.. ____________ _______
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners________ .
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. __
Other net rents________________________
Interest and dividends____________ . . . _
Pensions and insurance annuities___ . . .
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income_____ _______ _
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)----- -----. . . _ _. _. _.
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_____
_______ _
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities). . . . . . _______
Inheritance.
.
____ __
Average number of gainful workers per
fam ily._______ _____ __________ _______
151
35
40
31
15
11
11
8
61
43
9
14
2
29
17
12
10
1
5
0
11
1
13
9
1
3
0
5
6
15
12
3
2
1
8
3
7
5
2
0
0
2
2
4
0
0
1
0
1
0
6
2
0
1
1
1
3
4
5
2
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
96
18
24
24
10
10
8
2
54
0
17
0
16
0
7
0
5
0
1
0
3
0
5
0
1.54
1.51
1. 52
1. 62
1.63
1.33
1. 62
1. 57
Average amount of—
N et family income.. . ________________ $1, 336 $1,129 $1,172 $1, 372 $1, 513 $1,599 $1, 731 $1, 700
1,244
1,064 1,077 1,283 1,381 1,598 1,658 1, 410
Earnings of individuals_______________
Chief earner_____________ _________ 1,034
933
912 1, 018 1,118 1,337 1,302 1,198
265
212
131
165
263
261
356
Subsidiary earners_________________
210
884 1, 037 1,134 1,222 1,368 1,084
Males: 16 years and over____________ 1, 024
945
0
0
0
0
0
Under 16 years______________
0 (3)
(3)
Females: 16 years and o v e r _____
220
119
193
246
247
376
290
326
Under 16 years. . ____ ...
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
151
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers _
48
45
48
66
16
46
0
1
9
8
Other net rents_______ . . . __ .. ____
6
1
0
0
58
Interest and dividends_______________
4
2
5
5
5
0 (3)
(3)
21
Pensions and insurance annuities...
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Gifts from persons outside economic
family____ __ ------------- ------9
5
11
11
7
6
60
9
19
52
31
19
22
4
33
0
Other sources of income----------------Deductions from income (business losses
-8
0
0
0
and expenses).. ---------. .
-1
0
(3)
(3)
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
211
135
161
116
130
71
110
101
ties)_____
. . ________________ .. .
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
152
132
115
124
88
75
310
285
bilities)__________________ . . . ---N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+ 62 +163
+56 - 13 8
+27
+ 58
-20
+17
families in survey---- . . . . . . ____ . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance.________ ______ _
______
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
132
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
2.— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
and
over
D istrib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
and by F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey_______________________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker________________________
Skilled wage earner____________________
Semiskilled wage earner________________
Unskilled wage earner________ _________
N um ber of families composed of—
M an and w ife_________________________
Man, wife, and 1 child2_________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2_________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2_----Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
persons) 2_-----------------------------Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons) 2______________________
Man, wife, and 1 adu lt_________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults_________
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and w ife)____________________________
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and w ife )..-----------------------Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons not including man and w ife)._____
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and wife)___
146
25
51
31
10
10
13
6
18
44
74
10
4
7
13
1
4
15
24
8
5
10
16
0
0
4
5
1
0
1
9
0
3
5
5
0
2
2
2
0
36
16
21
1
0
0
4
1
3
4
12
0
4
8
4
0
6
2
1
0
7
2
0
0
10
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
20
7
11
1
0
0
1
0
9
12
18
0
4
3
6
0
4
5
7
0
1
2
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
2
5
0
0
1
0
3
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
81
1
3
8
4
1
4
1
31
10
8
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
10
4
28
0
0
4
1
1
2
0
9
5
16
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
7
1
6
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
146
4.21
25
5.86
51
4.83
31
3.74
10
2.60
10
2.99
13
2.67
6
2. 54
34
5
2
5
5
1
0
0
12
3
1
4
6
0
1
0
3
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
3.83
.96
2.87
3. 55
5.50
2. 20
3.30
4. 93
4. 41
1.18
3.23
4.16
3. 45
.61
2.84
3.21
2.28
.38
1.90
2.08
2. 45
.06
2.39
2.34
2. 20
.06
2.14
2.13
2.07
.08
1.99
2.00
.42
.37
.44
.31
.34
.58
.47
.49
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker. _
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States_________________________
Italy--- ----------------------------------Germany_____________________________
Poland-----------------------------------Canada (not French)__________________
England---------------------------------Ireland________________________________
Sweden_______________________________
Canada (French)______________________
O th er...----------------------------------C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households___________________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___________________
Boarders only_________________________
Lodgers only__________________________
Other persons__________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total__________________________
Under 16 years of age__ ______________
16 years of age and over.______________
Expenditure u n its. _---------------------Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fam ily____________
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
133
2.— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H.—W HITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
and
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey_______________________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners__________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers...
Other net rents____ _
_______________
Interest and dividends______ ________ .
Pensions and insurance annuities. _ ----Gifts from persons outside economic family --------------------------------------Other sources of income________________
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)----------- --- ---------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)___________________
Inheritance.-----------------------------Average number of gainful workers per
fa m ily ..-----------------------------------
146
25
51
31
10
10
13
6
86
40
13
10
3
17
7
2
2
0
37
15
4
1
2
14
6
5
2
1
5
3
0
1
0
4
3
0
3
0
7
4
1
0
0
2
2
1
1
0
16
4
2
0
9
1
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
3
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
87
15
30
23
5
5
5
4
56
0
10
0
21
0
7
0
4
0
5
0
7
0
2
0
1.86
1.96
2.15
1.73
1. 33
1.52
1.66
1.38
Average amount of—
N et family income. __ _________________ $1, 405 $1,161 $1, 458 $1, 434 $1,190 $1, 382 $1, 552 $1, 873
1,057 1,384 1,348 1,160 1,283 1,479 1, 763
Earnings of individuals____________ . 1,324
985
813
925 1,028
951 1,131 1,172 1, 370
Chief earner. . --------------------244
152
393
339
320
209
307
Subsidiary earners. ----------------459
846
944 1,144 1,084 1,445
980
962
949
Males: 16 years and over _. ---------1
7
0
0
0
Under 16 years---- --------0
0
0
204
343
435
386
216
395
318
Females: 16 years and over_________
139
0
Under 16 y e a r s ______ . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
52
61
80
21
86
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.
58
58
87
2
20
8
4
10
0
13
Other net r e n t s . . _________________
0
2 (3)
3
Interest and dividends____
_ ______
3 (3)
0
20
12
4
0
13
0
Pensions and insurance annuities. . . . . .
5
0
0
0
Gifts from persons outside economic
2
2
family_____________________________
5
5
0
9
9
0
2
0
1
0 (3)
0
Other sources of income_ ____
_
__ _
* 3
0
Deductions from income (business losses
-1
0
-2
0
0
0
and expenses)______________________
0
(3)
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
182
284
141
165
104
129
150
ties) ______ ________ _________ .
107
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
242
172
106
142
243
83
153
398
ties). ------- -----------------N et change in assets and liabilities for all
- 1 2 +109
+ 35
+ 24
+ 18
+ 30
+ 49 - 14 7
families in survey_____ . _________ .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance___
_________ ________
0
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
134
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
2. — Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Under
$200
$200 to
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$700 to
$800
$800 to
$900
$900 to
$1000
$1,000 to
$1,100
$1,100 and
over
Item
All families
j
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
498
25
83
96
82
70
60
39
24
8
5
6
115
107
208
68
0
3
14
8
13
9
44
17
22
17
41
16
24
19
28
11
13
25
27
5
14
14
25
7
15
9
14
1
8
7
9
0
3
1
3
1
0
2
1
2
3
1
2
0
76
71
86
5
0
0
1
1
0
3
30
3
3
12
23
1
9
13
18
0
13
20
7
0
12
12
7
0
15
9
0
0
14
2
0
0
4
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
62
2
17
21
10
7
3
2
0
0
0
0
42
42
46
1
14
0
2
0
19
0
6
0
3
9
10
1
4.
8
8
0
1
6
7
0
0
7
7
0
1
5
2
0
0
6
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
28
0
0
3
3
6
8
2
1
3
0
2
17
0
3
4
6
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
18
5
2
6
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
349
40
28
15
13
5
21
26
11
8
0
4
1
0
0
1
56
13
3
3
2
1
3
2
61
8
7
2
0
2
8
8
56
6
5
3
4
0
6
2
57
2
3
1
1
0
1
5
42
2
7
1
2
1
3
1
29
0
1
1
2
0
0
6
22
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
25
83
96
82
70
60
39
24
8
5
6
D istr ib u tio n by O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f
E a r n e r and by F a m i l y T y p e 1
Families in survey___ _
____ _
Number of families in which chief
earner is—
Clerical worker--------------------Skilled wage earner--------------Semiskilled wage earner__________
Unskilled wage earner-------------Number of families composed of—
Man and wife___ --- ------------Man, wife, and 1 child 2-----------Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2___
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2_
Man, wife, and children and adults
(4 to 6 persons) 2____
___ ____
Man, wife, and children and adults
(7 or more persons) 2__ _ ______
Man, wife, and 1 a d u lt2_ _____
_
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults___
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including
___
man and w ife)_____ ____ _
Adults (4 or more persons not in
cluding man and w ife)___ _ _ _
Adult or adults and children (2 or
3 persons not including man and
wife). . ________ ____________
Adult or adults and children (4
or more persons not including
man and wife)___ _______
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no home
maker___ ________ _____ _ ___
Number of families having home
maker born in—
United States___________ ______
I t a l y ----------- ----------------Germany____
______ _____
Poland..
___ _____ ___ _
___
R ussia.. __ _ ______ _______
England______ _______ _____
Ireland_______ ________________
O th e r .___________ _
_________
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households_____________
Average number of persons in house
hold____________________________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers_____ ______
Boarders only---------------------Lodgers only----------------------Other persons.__ ________ _____
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, t o t a l . . . ______ _________
Under 16 years of age___________
16 years of age and over________
Expenditure units. _____ _ _ _ _ _ _
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic
family__________________________
498
4.27
7.36 5.83 4.62 4.14 3.46 3.40 3.15 2.48 2.45 2. 73 2.62
74
6
18
17
4
0
0
1
10
0
1
1
4.04
1.12
2.92
3.73
7.17
3.05
4.12
6.55
5.64
2.24
3.40
5.17
.24
.19
.19
17
1
3
4
13
1
1
2
9
0
1
2
5
3
8
2
9
1
4
4
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4.34 3. 95 3.28 3.06 2. 77 2.31 2.45 2.46 2. 26
1.27 .93 .88 .54 .32 . 10 0
.05 0
3.07 3.02 2.60 2. 52 2.45 2. 21 2.45 2.41 2.26
3.94 3.66 3.07 2.86 2.65 2.18 2.37 2.33 2.17
.29
.20
.19
.36
.40
.17 0
.28
.44
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
135
2.— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D EL PH IA , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey____ _
_______
498
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners____
199
N et earnings from boarders and
lo d g e r s_______________________
91
Other net rents__________________
18
Interest and dividends_______
39
Pensions and insurance annuities. .
22
Gifts from persons outside economic
family_____________
___ _ _
27
Other sources of income_______ __
47
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses) -- _ -- ___
12
Surplus (net increase in assets and/
or decrease in liabilities)________
311
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/
or increase in liabilities) _________
183
0
Inheritance________________ __ Average number of gainful workers
per family_____________________ 1. 57
25
83
96
82
70
60
39
24
8
5
6
10
38
40
39
29
19
16
2
3
2
1
4
0
1
0
11
0
3
3
20
6
9
3
13
3
5
3
10
1
5
2
16
0
5
6
11
4
5
0
4
3
3
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
3
3
0
3
4
3
3
10
6
7
5
10
4
4
1
1
3
6
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
2
3
0
4
1
1
0
0
1
15
53
65
59
42
35
24
11
4
3
0
9
0
29
0
31
0
22
0
28
0
24
0
15
0
13
0
4
0
2
0
6
0
1. 57 1. 67 1.58 1. 75 1. 55 1. 46 1.48 1. 08 1.56 1. 39 1.37
D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l. D o l.
D o l.
Average amount of—
N et family incom e-., - _________ 1,601 1,100 1,282 1,403 1,680 1,715 1,851 1,847 1,849 2,022 2, 203
Earnings of individuals________ 1, 501 1,069 1,224 1, 300 1, 595 1,645 1, 712 1, 785 1, 623 1,850 1, 985
Chief earner____
________ 1,218
885 994 1,059 1, 211 1, 331 1,407 1,448 1, 534 1, 462 1, 575
89 388 410
Subsidiary earners - - - _____ _ 283
184 230 241 384 314 305 337
Males: 16 years and over__ ___ 1,242
874 1,018 1,030 1,284 l, 356 1,439 1,484 1,584 1, 270 1,911
Under 16 years____ _ (3)
0 (3)
9 (3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
74
Females: 16 years and over.—
259
193 206 254 311 289 273 301
39 580
Under 16 years_____
2 (>)
0
0
0
0
0
0
7 (3)
(3)
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers.- ---------------------64
42
65
57
38
0
18
47
43
39
7
4
54
Other net rents_____ _____ ____
3
2
1
7
0
0
0
7
0
Interest and dividends_______
1
1
4 (3)
4
6
0
0
1
5
(3)
Pensions and insurance annuities.
2
0
39
18
6
14
50
0 162
0
7
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family— __
___ ___
1
4
1
11
0
6
17
0
7
8
17
1
1 121 118
Other sources of income_____ . . .
22
24
18
19
9
26
27
Deductions from income (busi
-2
-2
ness losses and expenses) _. __. - 1
-3
0 -3
0
0
0
0 -1
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_________
153
119 106 145 165 188 152 155 262 167 106
Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in l i a b i l i t i e s ) _ ___ ___ 242
117 172 162 282 172 226 592 269 290 503
N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey _
+ 6 +29 + 8 +46 +43 +44 - 1 -13 3 - 2 6 - 6 2 -138
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
- __
Inheritance- ___ ____
3
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
53959°— 39------ 10
D o l.
2, 657
2,082
1,806
276
1,697
0
385
0
29
0
147
269
0
152
-22
0
398
-398
0
136
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
2. — Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
P H IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N EG R O FA M ILIES
Item
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
All
fami
lies
$100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700
and
$200
$400
$500
$300
$600
$700
over
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m i l y T y p e 1
Families in survey_________________
___
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical w o r k e r .._____________________
Skilled wage earner____________________
Semiskilled wage earner. _______ ________
Unskilled wage earner__________________
Number of families composed of—
Man and w ife____ __________________
Man, wife, and 1 child__________ _____
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children______ _ _
Man, wife, and 5 or more children._. . . .
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons) — ---- ------------------Man, wife, and children and adults (7
or more persons)----------------------Man, wife, and 1 adult. _ --- ---------Man, wife, and 2 to 4 a d u lts.. . . . . _____
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults_________
A dults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife).- --------------------- --Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and w ife)______ _
. ---------Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons not including man and w ife)______
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and w ife)___
101
8
24
23
15
16
9
6
3
6
33
59
0
0
2
6
0
1
6
17
1
1
8
13
0
0
9
6
1
4
3
8
0
0
4
5
1
0
1
4
36
11
18
5
0
0
0
5
0
2
11
0
3
6
5
0
8
1
2
0
12
1
0
0
7
1
0
0
6
0
0
0
7
0
4
3
0
0
0
0
6
8
7
0
3
0
0
0
3
2
2
0
0
1
2
0
0
3
1
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
D istr ib u tio n b y N a t i v it y o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker..
Number of families having homemaker born
in United S t a t e s . . . __________________
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
100
8
24
22
15
16
9
6
101
4. 03
8
8.50
24
5.14
23
4.04
15
3.15
16
2. 53
9
2.48
6
2.14
9
0
18
1
0
0
1
0
2
0
4
0
5
0
1
0
1
0
3
1
1
0
4
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
3.76
1. 26
2.50
3. 49
8. 39
5.17
3. 22
7. 39
4. 92
2.03
2.89
4.46
3. 71
1.22
2. 49
3.53
2.82
.47
2. 35
2. 71
2. 29
.07
2. 22
2.19
2.11
. 13
1.98
2.04
1. 95
0
1. 95
1.88
.28
.13
.22
.32
.34
.27
.38
.19
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households_______ ___ ____
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers. _ ---- ------------Boarders only___ . . . . . . . ________
Lodgers only. _ . _ ____________ ____
Other persons____
_________ _
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total.. __
___ ______
Under 16 years of ag e.. . . ------------16 years of age and over------- ----Expenditure u n its.. ------------------Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fam ily----- -------i
“ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “A dults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 2 .—
137
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
P H IL A D E L PH IA , P A —N EG R O FA M ILIE S
Item
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
All
fami
lies
$100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700
and
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey____________________ . . .
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners__________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. _
Other net rents________________________
Interest and dividends_________________
Pensions and insurance annuities____ _
Gifts from persons outside economic
f a m ily ________________________ _ __
Other sources of income______ _ _______
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)____ _________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)__________________
Inheritance_____________ ____________
Average number of gainful workers per
fam ily. ______________________________
101
8
24
23
15
16
9
6
56
27
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
10
6
0
0
0
15
6
1
0
0
9
4
1
1
2
9
5
0
0
0
5
4
0
1
0
6
1
0
1
0
9
7
0
0
4
2
2
2
1
2
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
71
3
17
19
9
14
4
5
28
0
5
0
6
0
4
0
5
0
2
0
5
0
1
0
1.63
1. 32
1.47
1.82
1.67
1. 61
1.59
1.95
Average amount of—
N et family in co m e____________________ $1, 203
Earnings of individuals __ __________
1,136
Chief earner___________ __________
940
Subsidiary earners__________________
196
Males: 16 years and over_______ ___
963
Under 16 years. _______ ____ _
0
173
Females: 16 years and over_______
Under 16 years____________
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.
44
4
Other net rents_______ _____________
Interest and dividends_________ ______
(3)
Pensions and insurance annuities
...
2
Gifts from persons outside economic
family _ ________________________
6
11
Other sources of income_______________
Deductions from income (business losses
0
and expenses)_____________________
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in
102
liabilities)____________ _______ ____ _
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabil
128
ities)___________________ . . . ---- . . .
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+ 36
families in survey----------------------0
Inheritance_____ ____ . . . . . . . . -----3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
$967 $1,086 $1, 238 $1, 249 $1, 252 $1, 243 $1, 540
945 1,021 1,154 1,147 1,203 1,179 1, 511
913
984
888
935
919
945 1,068
57
219
219
108
234
228
443
909
995
888
977 1,018
901 1,068
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
112
57
159
185
443
170
278
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
42
52
54
42
57
28
9
12
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
13
6
18
5
18
7
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
140
69
93
178
89
93
128
39
66
161
180
235
147
241
+28
0
+ 33
0
+ 48
0
+46
0
+49
0
-40
0
+ 67
0
138
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
2 .— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.— W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level—
-Families spending per expenditure unit per
year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$800 $900 $1,000
to
and
to
$900 $1,000 over
$700
to
$800
D istr ib u tio n
by O c cu p a tio n o f
C h ie f E a r n e r a nd b y F a m ily
T ype i
Families in survey____________
Number of families in which
chief earner is—
Clerical worker___ _______ _
Skilled wage earner ___
Semiskilled wage earner_____
Unskilled wage earner_______
Families composed of—
M an and wife___ __________
Man, wife, and 1 child 2 _ _
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2_
Man, wife, and 5 or more
children 2________________
Man, wife, and children and
adults (4 to 6 persons) 2_ ___
Man, wife, and children and
adults (7 or more persons) 2__
Man, wife, and 1 adult___ _
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults. _
Man, wife, and 5 or more
adults _ _______ _ ____
Adults (2 or 3 persons not in
cluding man and wife)_____
Adults (4 or more persons not
including man and w ife)___
Adult or adults and children
(2 or 3 persons not including
man and wife) ___ _ _____
Adult or adults and children
(4 or more persons not in
cluding man and w ife)_____
346
11
64
76
65
54
38
16
12
5
5
135
66
105
40
3
1
4
3
16
14
22
12
23
21
27
5
29
8
19
9
28
10
13
3
20
3
9
6
7
5
3
1
6
3
2
1
2
1
2
0
1
0
4
0
45
56
72
0
0
4
0
0
18
2
7
24
3
12
16
8
17
9
8
16
1
12
2
0
7
2
0
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
58
1
22
24
7
3
1
0
0
0
0
26
37
17
4
0
0
18
1
1
4
5
6
0
12
7
0
9
2
0
7
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25
0
0
2
7
6
3
1
2
2
2
3
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
280
17
9
5
4
2
6
1
22
9
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
43
9
4
2
0
0
0
0
6
62
2
2
0
0
1
3
1
5
50
2
1
2
2
1
2
0
5
46
1
2
1
0
0
1
0
3
35
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
14
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
11
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
54
38
16
12
5
5
2.72
2. 47
2.31
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f
H om em a k er
Number of families having no
homemaker ________________
Number of families having
homemaker born in—
United States______________
Italy____ _ __ ____ _ __ _
Germany. . . . _____ ________
P o la n d ___________________
Russia___ ________________
England___________ _______
Ireland___ ________________
Sweden. _______ ______ ______
Other______ _____ _____ ____
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households. ______
Average number of persons in
_____
household________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers_ _____
_
Boarders only______________
Lodgers only._______________
Other persons_____ _______
Average size of economic family
in—
Persons, total_______________
Under 16 years of age______
16 years of age and o v er...
Expenditure units__________
Average number of persons in
household not members of
economic family.................. .
346
11
64
76
65
4.23
6.91
6.01
4. 59
3.85
3. 58
3.05
2.44
16
50
15
6
0
2
1
0
2
5
2
1
4
8
3
0
1
9
5
0
2
14
2
2
1
7
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
3.96
1.19
2.77
3. 65
6.58
2.96
3.62
5.90
5.83
2.29
3.54
5.33
4.37
1.46
2.91
4.01
3.60
.87
2.73
3.31
3.14
.76
2.38
2.93
2.82
.51
2. 31
2. 66
2.18
.14
2.04
2.11
2. 25
.19
2.06
2.15
2.11
0
2.11
2.01
1.87
0
1.87
1.83
.29
.34
.18
.21
.27
.46
.28
.26
.47
.36
.44
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B.L.S.
Bull. No. 367, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 463,
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 2 . — Description
139
of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per
year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800 $900 $1,00C
to
to
and
$900 $1,000 over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey. _________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners.
N et earnings from boarders
and lodgers_______________
Other net ren ts.__________ ..
Interest and dividends______
Pensions and insurance annu ities... _ . . . __ ______ _
Gifts from persons outside
economic family__ _______
Other sources of income . . . ._
Deductions
from
income
(business losses and ex
penses) ___________________
Surplus (net increase in assets
and/or decrease in liabilities).
Deficit (net increase in assets
and/or increase in liabilities).
Inheritance_____. . . ______
Average number of gainful
workers per family________
346
11
64
76
65
54
38
16
12
5
s
69
2
17
18
15
5
6
1
2
1
2
82
28
183
3
0
5
10
5
25
16
7
38
13
7
34
18
2
37
10
2
18
3
3
12
5
2
7
2
0
4
C
2
13
2
0
4
3
0
2
0
2
0
C
32
11
0
2
8
0
6
2
9
0
4
0
3
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
2
(
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
198
7
33
45
37
34
20
12
5
4
]
144
0
4
0
30
0
31
0
28
0
18
0
17
0
4
0
7
0
1
0
4
(
1. 26
1. 32
1. 36
1. 31
1. 31
1.14
1.17
1.08
1.16
1.18
1-18
Average amount of—
N et family income. _______ . $1,503 $1, 077 $1, 280 $1,441 $1,493 $1, 644 $1, 655 $1, 717 $1, 756 $2,153 $1, 75(
991 1,224 1,355 1,413 1,518 1, 563 1,670 1, 578 2,067 1,391
Earnings of individuals____ 1,412
898 1,118 1,248 1,299 1,448 1,460 1,593 1, 502 1,670 1 ,17£
Chief earner________ . .. 1,309
106
114
77
76
397
212
103
107
70
103
Subsidiary earners. . . . . .
93
896 1,139 1,245 1,188 1,395 1,374 1,593 1, 337 1,847 1,171
Males: 16 years and over.. 1,269
0
0
Under 16 years___ 0)
0
0
0
0
0
(
0 (3)
Females: 16 years and
189
77
241
212
85
225
143
95
123
220
o ver.. . . . .
110
(
0
0
0
0
Under 16 years. _
0
0
0
0
0
0
N et earnings from boarders
54
15
95
76
35
49
57
59
53
101
9(
and lodgers________ ____
8
12
61
(
8
3
0
6
9
7
Other net rents___ _____ _
0
10
7]
7
10
16
10
13
15
11
Interest and dividends. . . .
6
6
Pensions and insurance an
6
6
(
4
0
0
0
0
19
10 (3)
nuities___ ______
..
Gifts from persons outside
7
9
1
0
1
0
1?
5
3
10
0
economic family___ _ ._
7:
12
0
8
0
0
18(
6
2
0
0
Other sources of income ___
Deductions from income
(business losses and ex
(
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 00
0
penses) ____________ . _
(3)
Surplus per family having sur
plus (net increase in assets
and/or decrease in liabili
115
256
198
51?
229
293
84
117
156
163
168
ties)______________________
Deficit per family having
deficit (net decrease in assets
57
6
49?
164
310
165
118
311
293
197
53
and/or increase in liabilities) .
N et change in assets and lia
bilities for all families in
+34 - 1 7 + 44 + 22 +41 - 7 1 +178 - 9 8 +233 —295
survey__________ _________ + 14
(
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance. _______________
3
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 463.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
140
T able
2 . — Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—N EG R O FA M ILIE S
Item
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
All
fami
lies
$100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 and
$200
$500
$300
$400
$600
over
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n oj C hiej E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m i l y T y p e 1
Families in survey________________________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker. _ _______ ______
_
. . . _______
Skilled wage earner_ _ .
Semiskilled wage e a rn er___________ _ __
Unskilled wage earner ___ _ _ . . . _
Number of families composed of—
Man and w ife.. ________ ________ _ .
Man, wife, and 1 child 2_. _____ _ ____
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2_________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
persons)2_____________ ____ _
______
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)2___ _________ _ . . . . __
Man, wife, and 1 adult____ . . . __ ______
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults............... .
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife) . . . ____________ . . . __ . . .
Adults (4 or more persons not including
_ __ _________
man and wife)_____
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons
not including man and wife)__________
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and wife)___
97
5
22
22
23
12
13
3
3
15
76
0
0
2
3
0
2
3
17
1
0
4
17
2
0
5
16
0
0
1
11
0
1
0
12
40
16
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
8
0
8
6
0
0
9
6
0
0
11
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
11
0
5
4
2
0
0
4
9
3
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
96
1
5
0
22
0
21
1
23
0
12
0
13
0
97
3.36
5
8.69
22
3.91
22
3.16
23
2.88
12
2.31
13
2.56
4
5
7
3
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
2
1
0
2
0
4
0
0
1
1
0
2
1
1
0
3.16
.77
2.39
2.96
8.49
5.10
3.39
7.87
3.86
1. 33
2.53
3.60
3.08
.58
2.50
2.84
2. 53
.32
2. 21
2.41
2.14
0
2.14
2.05
2.08
0
2.08
2.02
.21
.21
.06
.10
.33
D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity oj H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker. __
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States_____
__ ________ _____
Other_____ ___________ _____ ______ . . .
C o m p o sitio n oj H o u se h o ld
Number of households___ _ ________ _ .
Average number of persons in household ...
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers._______
Boarders o n ly .._ _____________ _______ _
Lodgers o n ly .. . . . . . . . ___ _____ ____
Other persons___________ . . . ________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___ ____________
_____
Under 16 years of age.______ _
___ ___
16 years of age and over_____ _______ _
Expenditure un its.__ _ _________ _ _
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fam ily.. __ ____ _
.49
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 367, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 463.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
141
2 .— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—N EG R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
All
fami
lies
$100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 and
$300
$400
$500
$200
$600
over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Families in su r v e y _________________ _____
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___
Other net rents_________________________
Interest and dividends__________________
Pensions and insurance annuities____ _
Gifts from persons outside economic
family___________ __________________
Other sources of incom e-.. _____________
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)________________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)______
____ _
Inheritance________ _____ ______________
Average number of gainful workers per
family_________________________________
Average amount of—
N et family income______________________
Earnings of individuals. ______ ________
Chief e a rn er ._____. . . . . __________
Subsidiary earners_________ ________
Males: 16 years and over____________
Under 16 years_______________
Females: 16 years and over________
Under 16 years____ _______
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.. _
Other net rents___________________ ___
Interest and dividends______________ _
Pensions and insurance annuities.
__ .
Gifts from persons outside economic
family__________ ______ _____ ______
Other sources of income_____ ________
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses) _ . . ___________
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities)-------------------------------Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in
liabilities)______________ ____ _________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey____________________
Inheritance_______ ____ _____ ____ ______
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453
97
5
22
22
23
12
21
14
4
2
5
3
C
6
0
0
13
1
4
2
0
56
6
1
14
3
3
3
3
15
2
2
0
0
5
0
0
7
C
5
8
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
2
1
2
c
4
1
0
1
2
0
C
1
6
13
3
57
3
14
17
15
2
e
39
0
2
0
8
0
5
8
9
0
0
0
7
c
1. 27
1.48
1.27
1.20
1.14
1.42
1.4C
$1, 071
1,030
971
59
949
$1,121
1,121
1,059
62
861
$907
894
856
38
803
$1,054
1, 005
972
$1,094
1, 040
979
61
1, 016
$984
958
897
61
900
0
0
0
33
935
0
0
0
$1, m
1, 31£
1,183
13€
1,183
C
81
260
91
70
24
58
136
0
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
13
C
66
0
6
0
C
4
C
3
1
6
6
C
If
0
c
38
75
10
37
0
6
12
2
3
10
4
0
1
7
5
1
6
0
0
0
0
-1
-1
0
-4
86
42
67
102
3
6
1
6
(3)
105
104
158
82
35
99
136
125
+9
-38
+13
+71
+ 34
-96
0
0
0
0
0
0
-36
(
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
142
T a b l e 2 .—
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
$100
lies
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
D istrib u tio n by O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f
E a r n e r a nd b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey____ __________
Number of families in which chief
earner is—
Clerical worker. _ ____________ _
Skilled wage earner_ ___________
_
Semiskilled wage earner_____ _____
Unskilled wage earner_______ _____
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife____________ ______
Man, wife, and 1 child 2_______. . .
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2----Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2_.
Man, wife, and children and adults
(4 to 6 persons) 2________________
Man, wife, and children and adults
(7 or more persons) 2_____________
___
Man, wife, and 1 adult __ .
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults.
____
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults____
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including
man and wife). _____________ _
Adults (4 or more persons not includ
ing man and w ife)_______________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3
persons not including man and
w ife)___ ____. . . _____ _______
Adult or adults and children (4 or
more persons not including man
and wife)
_ ... . . .
_
... .
153
6
22
38
35
15
20
7
5
5
41
40
46
26
0
0
3
3
3
8
5
6
9
6
17
6
9
13
10
3
3
3
6
3
9
7
1
3
3
1
2
1
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
0
24
28
38
1
0
0
2
1
0
2
9
0
3
6
15
0
2
9
9
0
3
4
3
0
6
6
0
0
5
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
16
0
7
5
1
2
1
0
0
0
9
6
13
1
3
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
3
0
2
0
0
2
6
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
12
0
0
1
4
2
3
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
4
1
12
8
4
4
4
1
0
1
0
0
0
17
2
0
1
1
1
0
30
1
0
3
1
2
1
29
0
1
0
5
0
0
10
0
0
3
1
0
1
17
0
0
2
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
1
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no home
maker.
_ .....
______ ___
Number of families having homemaker
born in—
United S t a te s _____ _
. ... ... .
Ita ly ____ _____ . . . __ ____________
R u s sia _________________ _______ .
Canada (not French) __
__ _
Ireland. . . .
. . . . . . ____. . . .
Canada (French).. . . . _ _ _ . . .
Other___________ _________. . . . . .
C o m p o s itio n of H o u seh old
Number of households____
.
_
Average number of persons in house
hold_____________________________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___
_______
Boarders only____________________
Lodgers only___________ _ . _ _
Other persons. . . _________ . . . _ _
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total____
. . . ________
Under 16 years of age______ _____
16 years of age and over__________
Expenditure u n its... .
_________
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic family.
153
6
22
38
35
15
20
7
5
5
4.10
7.87
6.04
4. 32
3.80
3.12
2.93
2.27
3. 36
2.20
24
2
0
6
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
8
0
0
3
6
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
3.93
1. 32
2. 61
3. 59
7.83
4. 67
3.16
6.90
5.98
2.93
3. 05
5. 33
4.09
1. 65
2.44
3. 70
3.56
.79
2.77
3. 30
3.14
.81
2.33
2.84
2. 87
.34
2.53
2. 69
2.13
.14
1.99
1.98
2.80
0
2.80
2. 71
2.20
0
2.20
2.15
.19
.04
.10
.25
.26
.08
. 12
. 16
.60
.20
1 “ Children" are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
143
2 . — Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey_________________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners_____
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers__________ __ _____
Other net rents____ _______: ___
Interest and dividends____________
Pensions and insurance annuities___
Gifts from persons outside economic
____________ ____ .
fam ily._
Other sources of income___________
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses)_____________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or
decrease in liabilities)_____ . . . .
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities) __ _______ _
Inheritance_____ ______________
Average number of gainful workers per
family__________________________
153
6
22
38
35
15
20
7
5
5
41
3
7
10
8
3
6
0
2
2
22
7
10
5
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
5
2
2
5
2
1
1
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
29
5
3
0
4
1
9
1
6
2
3
0
2
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
27
2
0
8
8
1
7
0
1
93
5
14
23
22
9
12
5
2
1
57
2
0
0
7
1
15
0
12
0
6
0
8
0
2
0
3
1
4
0
1.38
1.67
1.45
1.32
1.40
1.20
1. 50
1.00
1.60
1.40
$1, 558
1, 501
1,329
172
1, 361
0
140
0
$1, 567
1, 535
1,505
30
1,455
0
80
0
$1, 782
1, 768
1, 522
246
1, 543
0
225
0
$1, 623
1, 580
1,580
0
1, 412
0
168
0
$2,163
2,029
1, 588
441
1, 416
0
613
0
$1, 965
1, 946
1, 666
280
1,426
0
520
0
20
2
4
22
15
12
2
0
18
6
13
0
7
19
7
0
60
0
72
0
15
0
4
0
15
6
0
3
0
10
0
1
1
0
0
-6
-3
-26
0
156
100
202
224
123
148
Average amount of—
N et family income_____________ . $1, 505 $1, 310 $1, 329 $1, 255
Earnings of individuals__________ 1,464 1, 274 1, 311 1,207
Chief ea rn er___________ ______ 1,307 1,030 1,167 1,090
244
144
Subsidiary earners_____________
157
117
Males: 16 years and over_______ 1,291 1,138 1, 222 1,038
Under 16 y e a r s _______
20
1
0
(3)
Females: 16 years and over_____
173
116
87
169
Under 16 years____
0
1
0
(3)
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers__ _____ _____ __ _____
15
14
20
26
Other net r e n ts _________________
3
0
0
0
Interest and dividends__________
6
0
0
0
Pensions and insurance annuities._
5
0
0
0
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family . ____ ____ _
12
22
4
23
Other sources of incom e.._ __ . . .
1
0 (3)
3
Deductions from income (business
-4
losses and expenses)_____ . . .
-6
-1
0
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
144
126
111
104
crease in liabilities).. ___ _ __ . . .
Deficit per family having deficit (net
decrease in assets and/or increase
142
132
0
120
in liabilities)__________ _______
N et change in assets and liabilities
+35 +105 +32 +11
for all families in survey. ________
4
0
9
Inheritance_____ __________ _. . . .
0
3
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
(3)
89
174
+67
0
-10
0
+72 +117
0
0
(3)
0
337
291
282
257
- 3 5 -14 7
82
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
144
T a b l e 2 .—
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Un $300
der
to
$300 $400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$700
to
$800
$600
to
$700
$800 $900 $1,000
to
to
and
$900 $1,000 over
D istr ib u tio n by O c c u p a tio n o f C h ie f
E a r n e r a nd b y F a m i l y T y p e 1
Families in survey.
________ _____
Number of families in which chief
earner is—
Clerical worker________________ . . .
Skilled wage earner---------------Semiskilled wage e a rn er -----------Unskilled wage earner.. .. --------Number of families composed of—
Man and wife _____ ______ ____
Man, wife, and 1 child.
------Man, wife, and 2 to 4 ch ild ren --Man, wife, and 5 or more children.._
Man, wife, and children and adults
(4 to 6 persons). -----------------Man, wife, and children and adults
(7 or more persons)____. . . ------Man, wife, and 1 adult________ .
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults_______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults___
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including
man and wife)_________________
Adults (4 or more persons not includ
ing man and wife)_________ . . . .
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3
persons not including man and
w ife )...
___ ___ _ ___ -Adult or adults and children (4 or
more persons not including man
and w ife).__ . . . _______ _______
301
30
65
68
47
35
20
15
12
9
77
63
135
26
4
5
17
4
10
11
37
7
18
12
30
8
15
11
17
4
10
6
18
1
7
7
6
0
5
6
4
0
6
3
2
1
2
2
4
1
76
50
52
1
0
1
10
1
0
8
26
0
11
17
10
0
12
10
6
0
14
6
0
0
11
5
0
0
9
3
0
0
11
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
33
7
10
9
3
2
1
1
0
0
9
34
19
1
8
0
0
0
1
7
8
1
0
8
10
0
0
6
0
0
0
8
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
22
2
4
3
8
4
0
0
1
0
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
230
22
10
4
1
8
2
9
14
19
7
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
42
10
1
1
0
2
2
3
4
53
1
2
2
0
1
0
4
5
37
2
4
0
1
1
0
0
2
30
1
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
16
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
13
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no home
maker _. . . . . . . ____. . . -------Number of families having home
maker born in—
United States. . . .
--------------Ita ly _____________________________
Germany____
_ __ _. ._. . . . ._
Poland. _____. . . . . . . . -------Russia. _______________________
Canada (not French)
. . . -----England_____ .. . . . . . . . . . ..
Ireland_________________ _______
Other
__________________ ____
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households_____________ .
Average number of persons in house
hold_____________________________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lo d g e r s_________ . . .
Boarders only. _ -------------Lodgers only_____________________
Other persons___________ . . . ___
Average size of economic family i n Persons, to ta l.. ---------- ------Under 16 years of age___________
16 years of age and o v e r . . . ______
Expenditure units______ . . . .. . . .
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic
family _________________________
301
30
65
68
47
35
20
15
12
9
3.63
5.94
4.14
3. 65
3. 22
2.82
2.74
2. 77
2. 30
2. 51
59
1
3
5
5
0
0
0
10
0
0
1
13
1
1
1
10
0
1
1
8
0
1
0
3
0
0
2
5
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3.40
.84
2.56
3.15
5.80
2. 51
3.29
5. 32
3. 99
1.25
2.74
3.64
3. 41
.72
2.69
3.16
2.99
.64
2.35
2.79
2. 55
.19
2.36
2.41
2.44
.29
2.15
2.33
2. 37
.33
2.04
2.28
1.95
0
1.95
1.89
2.09
0
2.09
2.04
.25
.13
.17
.27
.26
.31
.33
.41
.39
.44
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
“Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
TABULAE SUMMARY
T a bl e 2 .—
145
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
R O C H ESTER , N . Y.—W HITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Un $300
der
to
$300 $400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800 $900 $1,000
to
to
and
$900 $1,000 over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey. __________ ____
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners-----N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers. _ ______________________
Other net rents .. _______________
Interest and dividends_____ _______
Pensions and insurance annuities___
Gifts from persons outside economic
family _ . . . -------------------Other sources of income. ______ ____
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses) _ ___________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or
decrease in liabilities)____
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities). _______ __
Inheritance______ ____ . . . ._
Average number of gainful workers
per family________________________
301
30
65
68
47
35
20
15
12
9
97
12
17
21
20
8
7
3
3
6
63
11
73
14
5
2
6
0
10
2
8
3
16
1
17
1
9
3
19
1
8
1
12
7
4
1
2
0
5
1
4
1
4
0
2
0
2
0
3
1
34
15
4
1
6
3
9
7
5
1
7
1
1
0
1
0
0
2
1
0
37
1
7
10
10
5
2
0
1
1
181
18
37
44
30
24
9
8
7
4
112
0
10
0
27
0
23
0
17
0
10
0
9
0
7
0
4
0
5
0
1.21
1.35
1.17
1.18
1.22
1.16
1.23
1.19
1.15
1.55
Average amount of—
N et family income_______________ $1, 502 $1, 312 $1,277 $1, 432 $1, 550 $1, 574 $1, 709 $1,864 $1,839 $2, 273
Earnings of individuals__________ 1, 420 1, 270 1, 216 1,357 1,481 1, 435 1, 658 1, 761 1,691 2,085
Chief e a rn er ._____ __ __ . . . 1,260 1,102 1,125 1,202 1, 295 1, 309 1, 452 1, 608 1, 478 1, 572
91
186
168
155
126
Subsidiary earners
. . . _ __ ..
160
206
153
213
513
1, 214 1,096 1, 056 1,147 1, 211 1,250 1, 487 1,602 1, 453 1, 566
Males: 16 years and over. _____
Under 16 years. ______ (3)
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
174
268
206
160
185
Females: 16 years and over_____
210
159
171
238
519
Under 16 years____ _
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(3)
N et earnings from boarders and
32
34
28
48
46
56
54
lodgers______________________
49
105
111
4
2
2
Other net rents_____________
4
10 (3)
2
10
0
0
4
4
11
8
10
36
Interest and dividends ________
3
20
8
14
Pensions and insurance annuities._
10
0
13 (3)
40
20
0
0
59
(3)
Gifts from persons outside eco
4
14
8
9
4
nomic family. _ _______ _______
6
3
1
0
4
4
2
9
4
7
Other sources of income______ . . .
0
0
35
20
0
Deductions from income (business
-2
-4
-4
-5
-6
-3
-9
losses and expenses)___________
0 (3)
(3)
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
103
160
125
146
176
165
crease in liabilities)________ ___
128
360
313
247
Deficit per family having deficit (net
decrease in assets and/or increase
262
229
185
183
202
449
223
233
466
in liabilities)__ _________ ______
173
N et change in assets and liabilities
+14 - 1 8 +26 +32 +38 - 4 7 - 1 7 +27 +14
+10
for all families in survey. _ ______
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance____________________
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
146
T a b l e 2.- —Description
of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
SC R A N TO N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$500
to
$600
$400
to
$500
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f
E a r n e r a n d b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey__________________
Number of families in which chief earn
er is—
Clerical w o rk er______ ____ _______
Skilled wage earner..
_________
Semiskilled wage earner____
Unskilled wage earner. __
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife. ._ . . . _.
_ ---Man, wife, and 1 child 2_____ _
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children2. . _ __
Man, wife, and 5 or more children2. _.
Man, wife, and children and adults
(4 to 6 persons)2
___________
Man, wife, and children and adults
(7 or more persons)2_____________
Man, wife, and 1 adult____________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults_______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults____
Adults (2 or 3 persons), not including
man and w if e ) _______________
A dults (4 or more persons, not in
cluding man and wife) ________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3
persons, not including man and
wife) ____ ________ _____ ______
Adult or adults and children (4 or
more persons, not including man
and wife) .
________ _______ _
231
6
32
58
51
44
17
6
11
6
49
36
132
14
0
0
6
0
3
4
23
2
12
9
33
4
12
9
28
2
7
10
24
3
9
0
7
1
1
1
3
1
2
2
7
0
3
1
1
1
38
48
68
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
12
1
2
7
27
0
1
15
20
0
11
14
8
0
10
6
0
0
5
0
0
0
7
1
1
0
2
3
0
0
26
2
10
12
1
1
0
0
0
0
10
13
11
0
2
0
1
0
7
0
0
0
1
2
3
0
0
5
4
0
0
3
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
0
1
1
2
0
0
1
0
4
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
1
3
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
181
5
5
7
2
6
5
20
4
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
22
1
0
3
0
1
1
4
44
2
2
2
0
3
0
5
43
1
1
0
0
0
1
5
34
1
0
1
1
1
2
4
14
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
D istrib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homem aker______
________ ____ _
Number of families having homemaker
born in—
United States. . . . . . . . . . . _ __
Ita ly ------ -----------------------Germany___ _ __________ ______
P olan d .._ _______ ___________ .
Russia ____ _______ _____________
England_____________________ . . .
Ireland ______ ____ _____ ___________
Other _______ ____ _____________
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households______________
Average number of persons in house
hold _______ ______
... ...
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___ ____ _ . . .
Boarders only____________________
Lodgers only___ _ _______ ____ . . .
Other persons_________
. . . ___
Average size of economic family in—
Persons _ .......... .
. . . . . . _______
Under 16 years of a g e . ___ _____
16 years of age and o v e r ___ . __
Expenditure u n it s ______ . . . ___
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic family.
231
6
32
58
51
44
17
6
11
6
3.94
5.97
5.47
4.46
3.74
3.14
2.68
2.36
2. 71
3.52
27
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
7
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
6
0
1
0
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
3. 75
1.29
2. 46
3.41
5.97
2.19
3.78
5.44
5. 37
2. 37
3.00
4.86
4.29
1. 72
2. 57
3.87
3.58
1.22
2. 36
3.24
2.94
.80
2.14
2.68
2.38
.36
2.02
2. 23
2.16
0
2.16
2.06
2. 62
.30
2. 32
2.45
1. 58
.47
1.11
2.49
.11
.17
.16
.20
.30
.20
.10
.84
(4)
.18
0
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2Families of these types are included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
4 Less than 0.005 persons.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
147
2.— Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , PA.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in s u r v e y _________________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners______
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers-------------------------------Other net rents___________________
Interest and dividends____________
Pensions and insurance annuities___
Gifts from persons outside economic
fam ily________________
_______
Other sources of income__ _____ _
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses)_____________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or
decrease in liabilities)____
_ ...
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities)___
_____
Inheritance___ _________________
Average number of gainful workers per
fam ily, ___________________________
231
6
32
58
51
44
17
6
11
38
2
7
8
9
7
1
1
2
1
30
19
26
3
0
0
2
1
1
5
5
0
8
3
5
0
6
2
6
1
7
6
6
1
3
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
3
1
0
0
13
6
0
0
1
1
4
1
6
1
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
0
3
0
1
1
0
0
0
144
2
22
36
36
26
H
3
4
4
83
0
4
0
10
0
21
0
14
0
18
0
5
0
3
0
6
0
2
0
1.19
1.34
1.25
1.19
1.21
1.17
1.06
1.13
1. 22
1.13
$885 $1,195 $1,346 $1,413 $1,482 $1, 527
877 1,170 1,303 1, 377 1,401 1,474
721 1,095 1, 229 1,279 1,288 1,447
75
74
156
98
113
27
503 1,065 1,208 1,299 1,269 1, 447
1
0
0
0
0
0
374
94
105
78
132
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
$1, 538
1, 530
1,452
78
1,530
0
0
0
Average amount of—
$1,401
N et family income___ . . . _____
Earnings of individuals____
_ _ 1, 351
Chief earner__________________ 1,267
84
Subsidiary earners_____ ______
Males: 16 years and over_______ 1, 254
1
Under 16 years_________
Females: 16 years and over_____
96
Under 16 years_______
0
N et earnings from boarders and
29
lodgers____ _________ _______
10
Other net rents,_ ___ ___________
1
Interest and dividends _________
1
Pensions and insurance annuities. _
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family __ __ __________
5
5
Other sources of income. ______ _
Deductions from income (business
-1
losses and expenses)___ ______ _
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
134
crease in liabilities) _ _ _______
Deficit per family having deficit (net
decrease in assets and/or increase
226
____
in lia b ilities)..
N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey________
+2
0
Inheritance _ ________ ____________
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
6
0
0
6
2
8
14
1
0
29
5
1
0
18
3
1
4
40
19
2
1
0
0
3
7
1
5
5
11
10
0
-1
0
111
105
159
(3)
51
2
$1,669 $1,883
1, 584 1,717
1, 512 1,681
72
36
1, 525 1,681
0
0
59
36
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
34
22
3
0
125
41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
0
0
-2
0
0
0
0
97
156
168
98
113
220
88
705
442
+ 5 -343
0
0
-1
0
(3)
(3)
90
140
186
228
227
92
-23
0
+ 28
0
+ 32
0
+6
0
-1
0
+ 82
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
148
T a bl e 2 .—
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
U n $300
der
to
$300 $400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
D istr ib u tio n by O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r and
by F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey________________________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker ______ ___________ ______
Skilled wage earner------------------Semiskilled wage earner-------------------Unskilled wage earner---- --------------Number of families composed of—
Man and wife_____________________ ____
Man, wife, and 1 child_
------- ---Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children------------Man, wife, and 5 or more children._ ----Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
person s)-------------- ----------------Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)---------------------------Man, wife, and 1 adult--- ---- . _ _ -----Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults---------------Man, wife, and 5 or more adults___ ______
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and w ife)---------- ------------ --------Adults (4 or more persons not including man
and w ife)__ ________________ _______
Adults or adults and children (2 or 3 persons
not including man and wife) _ ----------Adults or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and w ife)___ -
248
35
46
58
41
25
25
8
10
66
66
82
34
6
10
11
8
5
10
25
6
19
12
14
13
12
10
15
4
8
9
7
1
9
9
6
1
4
3
1
0
3
3
3
1
46
51
46
2
0
0
11
1
0
7
15
0
7
15
15
0
5
20
4
1
11
4
1
0
12
3
0
0
5
1
0
0
6
1
0
0
28
9
8
6
4
1
0
0
0
11
20
18
0
8
1
2
0
3
5
5
0
0
4
5
0
0
2
3
0
0
1
2
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
17
0
1
4
1
5
4
1
1
4
0
2
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
150
18
7
15
3
17
4
10
4
18
16
8
1
6
0
3
0
0
1
0
24
4
3
2
0
2
1
2
1
7
34
4
2
4
1
5
1
2
0
5
29
1
0
1
1
3
1
1
0
3
19
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
1
13
1
1
1
1
4
0
1
1
2
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
248
3.99
35
6.27
46
4.50
58
3. 73
41
3.60
25
3. 27
25
2.91
8
2.57
10
2.44
41
3
6
8
4
0
1
2
2
2
0
0
10
1
1
1
8
0
0
1
8
0
3
2
6
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
3.75
1.11
2.64
3.46
6.13
2. 72
3. 41
5.63
4. 38
1.42
2.96
4.02
3.49
.96
2.53
3.24
3.38
1.03
2.35
3.07
2. 76
.37
2.39
2.57
2. 45
.16
2.29
2.36
2.37
.17
2.20
2.20
2.18
.13
2.05
2.13
.28
.14
.13
.26
.25
.57
.47
.32
.28
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker... .
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United S t a te s _____________________ . . .
Italy _. . . . . . ________________
____
Germany ________ _ . . . ._. __________
Poland. _
. . . ------ -------- . . . ---Russia
_________ _____________ _____ _
Canada (not French) _ _________ _____
England__________ . . . ---- -----------Ireland____ __ . . . . . . . . . . . . ---- -Sweden_________________________ ______
Other--- ---------------------------------C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households__ _
. . . _.
Average number of persons in household____
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers____
_____ _ __ _ _
Boarders only___________________________
Lodgers o n ly ... ______________ _______
Other person s________ _______________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total__ __ ----- ----------- -----Under 16 years of age__________________
16 years of age and o v e r .. __ ---- -----Expenditure units ___ ___________ ____
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fam ily, ___________
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 453.
“Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
149
TABULAR SUMMARY
Description of fam ilies studied, by economic level— Continued
T a bl e 2 .—
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Un $300
der
to
$300 $400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
248
Average amount of—
N et family income------------------------Earnings of individuals________________
Chief earner________ ______________
Subsidiary earners--------------------Males: 16 years and over_____________
Under 16 years. _____________
Females: 16 years and o v e r ___ _____
Under 16 years____ ____ _
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_
_
Other net rents_______________________
_________
Interest and dividends____
Pensions and insurance annuities _____
Gifts from persons outside economic
family______________________________
Other sources of income-----------------Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_______________________
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
ties)_________________________________
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
ties)____ ___________________________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey_________ _________
Inheritance_____ _______________ . . . ___
46
58
41
25
25
8
10
15
4
3
1
0
1
1
18
6
3
2
1
4
1
22
9
1
1
2
2
0
8
8
1
4
5
4
0
8
12
5
4
3
6
1
12
6
1
3
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
6
3
0
1
1
1
1
10
1
0
2
3
1
2
1
0
158
14
35
46
25
17
14
4
3
77
0
1.47
17
0
1.62
8
0
1.49
11
0
1. 54
14
0
1. 28
8
0
1. 44
10
0
1. 51
3
0
1.11
6
0
1.55
$1, 566 $1,335 $1,441 $1,496 $1,644 $1,708
1, 475 1,289 1, 399 1, 432 1,537 1,494
1,273 1,102 1,202 1, 236 1,403 1,266
202
187
134
197
196
228
1, 246 1, 111 1, 226 1,175 1,384 1,180
0
2
0
0
0
(3)
229
178
153
257
314
171
0
0
0
0
0
0
45
57
27
53
40
115
4
2
1
1
1
26
3
4
1 (3)
6
(3)
18
0
6
7
51
48
$1,804
1, 676
1, 392
284
1, 388
0
288
0
108
3
15
4
$1, 793
1,709
1, 575
134
1,505
0
204
0
42
0
0
0
$1,925
1,753
1,380
373
1, 252
0
501
0
69
0
(3)
34
3 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 453.
35
90
49
14
16
13
19
4
Families in survey_______________________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___
Other net r e n t s __ _______ ____________
Interest and dividends________________ .
Pensions and insurance annuities_________
Gifts from persons outside economic family. _
Other sources of income-----------------Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_________________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___ _______ _____ _
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)________ _________
Inheritance________ ___ _
_______
Average number of gainful workers per family.
8
3
(3)
1
6
5
0
11
0
20
2
0
0
62
0
7
62
(3)
-2
-2
0
-1
-2
-1
-2
-20
0
139
163
108
110
149
172
185
237
225
234
140
229
129
250
288
183
430
579
+16
0
-3
0
+ 42
0
+63
0
+6
0
+25
0
+31
0
- 4 3 - 28 0
0
0
150
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 3 . — Expenditures
for groups of items, by economic level
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
$1,100 and
over
$1,000 to
$1,100
| $900 to
$1,000
$800 to
$900
$700 to
$800
$600 to
$700
$500 to
$600
$400 to
$500
$300 to
$400
$200 to
$300
$100 to
$200
Item
All families
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I te m s
Families in survey_____________ ___
Average family size:
Persons_______________________
Expenditure units_______________
Food expenditure units-----------Clothing expenditure units_______
516
14
82
100
117
85
51
24
20
11
7
4.00
3.64
3.43
3.04
7.29
6.52
6.12
5.21
5.80
5.17
4.87
4.21
4.44
4.01
3. 76
3.28
3.82
3.49
3. 27
3.92
3.45
3.18
3.03
2.66
2. 75
2.57
2. 41
2.27
2. 58
2. 41
2. 27
2.07
2. 28
2.18
2.08
1.93
2. 34
2.22
2.08
2.08
2. 22
2.14
2.04
2.01
5
2. 27
2. 21
2. 07
2. 20
Average annual current expenditure
D o t.
D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t.
for—
All it e m s _____________________ - 1, 570 1,148 1, 342 1,390 1,554 1,734 1,647 1,821 1,831 2,093 2, 224 2, 670
519 573 542 574 586 507 578 541 570 590 652
Food__________________________ 561
154
86 131 130 158 164 173 177 166 191 250 387
Clothing--------- --------------247 268 284 301 359 345 377 431 384 488 440
Housing_______________________ 319
141
123 130 146 142 156 134 135 128 156 130 137
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
53
41
58
40
40
Other household operation.. . . .
68
65
81 115 118 103 113
41
41
5
18
26
53
Furnishings and equipment_____
33
79 109 167
57
72
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and main
31
20
6
3
13
30
54
89 168 166 184
tenance —
45
59
58
36
58
Other transportation . ______ .
50
50
64
69
66
82
57 105
22
28
24
26
17
27
26
32
32
Personal care_________ _________
34
53
30
42
50
24
49
10
67
Medical care___________________
55
34 150
40 104
66
74
72
84
39
49
55
Recreation_____________ . . . .
85
86 120 139 124
88
2
7
7
13
Education
_____. . . ______
7
3
7
16
5
3
0
0
5
2
4
4
5
3
Vocation________ ____ ______ .
7
14
9
3
13
0
12
21
18
23
20
27
Community welfare____________
27
32
28
24
34
19
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
14
family________ _ _________ _
18
4
9
22
6
26
43 ' 48
33
38 135
1
7
Other item s___________________
7
0 0)
16
10
6
10
4
7
59
Percentage of total annual current
P et.
P e t . P et. P et.
expenditure for—
All items____ -. _____________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
F o o d . .------ -- --------------- 35.8 45.2 42.7 39.0
Clothing_____ . . . .
______
9.8
7.5 9.8 9.4
Housing__________ __________ 20.3 21.5 20.0 20.4
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
9.0 10.7 9.7 10.5
Other household operation.. _ __ 3.7
3.5 3.0 3.0
Furnishings and equipment. _.
.4 1.3 1.9
2.6
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and main
.5
.2
tenance_____ .. .. _____
2.0
.9
Other transportation _. _______
3.2 3.8 3.6
3.7
Personal care__________ ________ 1.7
1.5 1.6 1.7
Medical care__________________
3.1
.9 1.8 3.0
Recreation____________________
3.4 3.7 4.0
4.6
Education___ _____________
.2
.4
.5
.2
V o ca tio n __________________ _
.2
.2
.3
.3
Community welfare____________
1.5
1.0 1.3 L 4
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic fam
ily —
1.1
.4
.3
.6
Other items_________________ _
.4
0
.1
(a
)
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
36.9 33.7 30.8 31.7 29.6 27.3 26.6 24.4
10.2 9.5 10.5 9.7 9.1 9.1 11.2 14.5
19.3 20.7 21.0 20.7 23.5 18.3 22.0 16.5
9.1 9.0 8.1 7.4 7.0 7.5 5.9 5.2
3.4 3.9 3.9 4.5 6.3 5.6 4.6 4.2
2.6 3.1 3.5 4.0 1.8 3.8 4.9 6.3
1.3
3.8
1.8
3.2
4.8
.5
.3
1.4
1.7
3.4
1.6
3.9
4.8
.7
.2
1.6
3.3
4.2
1.6
3.3
5.2
.4
.4
1.6
2.5
4.5
1.6
3.6
4.8
.2
.7
1.9
4.9
3.5
1.7
2.2
4.7
.9
.5
1.7
8.0
3.2
1.5
5.0
5.7
.2
.7
1.3
7.5
2.5
1.5
1.5
6.2
0
.1
1.1
6.9
3.9
2.0
5.6
4.6
0
0
.7
.9
.5
1.3
.9
1.6
.6
1.8
.4
2.3
.3
2.3
.5
1.7
2.7
5.1
.1
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 3 . — Expenditures
151
for groups of items, by economic level—Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
$1,100 and
over
$1,000 to
$1,100
$900 to
$1,000
$800 to
$900
$700 to
$800
$600 to
$700
$500 to
$600
$400 to
$500
$300 to
$400
$200 to
$300
$100 to
$200
Item
All families
Economic level—
-Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey___ ____ _________
Average family size:
Persons_________________________
Expenditure units_______________
Food expenditure units ________
Clothing expenditure units _____
450
5
46
82
104
85
54
29
20
12
7
6
3.45
3.17
2. 96
2.69
6.60
6.07
5.85
5.22
5. 37
4.82
4. 51
3.97
4.28
3.89
3.66
3.28
3. 34
3.04
2.83
2.55
2.96
2. 74
2. 52
2. 37
2.88
2. 66
2.49
2. 31
2.43
2. 34
2. 22
2.10
2.19
2.07
2.00
1.16
2. 22
2.13
2.03
1.85
2.12
2.12
2.00
1.90
2.17
1.93
1.85
1.76
Average annual current expenditure
D o t.
D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t. D o t.
for—
All item s____________ __________ 1,497 1,122 1,224 1, 344 1,365 1, 497 1, 715 1,735 1,764 2,058 2, 257 2, 329
502
543 508 518 493 489 529 454 471 530 528 564
Food. . _______ _________ .
155
113 116 145 145 156 183 177 163 203 193 257
C loth ing... _____ _________. . .
252
131 204 234 230 253 291 284 307 281 372 373
Housing
---------------------121
99 110 120 117 126 119 130 149 141 110 119
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
52
42
44
30
29
52
67
77
76
Other household operation______
81
90
97
65
10
25
53
92 104
30
59 212 181 185
69
Furnishings and e q u ip m en t____
Automobile and motorcycle—pur.
chase, operation, and main
39
64 108 140 181 183 285 318 333
106
26
70
tenance___________ _______
46
35
30
24
34
Other transportation___________
31
36
37
27
30
12
41
20
32
23
27
26
32
34
28
29
30
Personal care ________________
33
46
21
40
50
72 113 145
Medical care__________________
53
31
44
63
88
65
72
79
60
82
92 119
Recreation________________ . . .
58
68
95
93
84 126
4
5
9
2
7
4
5
7
1
1 0)
Education ______. . . _________
0
4
0
2
5
3
3
Vocation__________ __________
6
6
3
6
6
9
14
19
12
27
22
24
Community w elfa re.......... ..........
13
16
20
27
36
26
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic fam
14
24
55
18
6
8
9
22
19
20
ily _______________ _________
48
87
0
9
3
5 101
8
1
7
13
16
20
Other items___________________
1
Percentage of total annual current ex
penditure for—
All items _______ ____________
Food__________________________
Clothing.
--- ---------- . . .
H o u sin g ____________
_____
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
Other household operation______
Furnishings and equipment_____
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and main
tenance______ ____ _ _____
Other transportation___________
Personal care__________________
Medical care_____________ _____
Recreation______ . . . ______ ._
Education _____. . . ___________
Vocation_______
. __________
Community w elfare___. . . _____
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic fam
ily -------------------- --------Other item s_________ __________
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
100.0
32.7
10.4
16.9
8.4
3.5
4.6
100.0
30.8
10.7
16.9
6.9
3.9
5.4
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
26.1 26.8 25.7 23.3
10. 2 9.2 9.9 8.6
16.4 17.4 13.6 16.5
7.5 8.4 6.8 4.9
4.4 4.4 4.0 4.0
6.0 3.3 10.3 8.0
P et.
P et.
P et.
P et.
100.0
24.3
11.0
16.0
5.1
4.2
7.9
2.3
4.1
1.8
1.9
5.3
.4
0
1.1
3.2
2.4
1.9
3.3
4.7
.7
.2
1.1
5.2
1.8
2.0
2.3
5.1
.5
.1
1.2
4.7
2.6
1.9
3.7
5.3
.1
.2
1.0
7.2
2.0
1.9
2.9
5.5
.3
.4
1.3
8.2 10.5 10.4 13.9 14.1 14.3
2.1 2.1 1.9 1.3
.5 1.8
1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 2.0
3.7 5.1 4.1 5.5 6.4 2.8
5.4 5.3 6.7 4.6 3.7 5.4
.4
. 1 (2)
.3
0
(2)
.3
.3
.2
.3
.3
.4
1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.6 1. 1
1.2
.5
0
.5
.7
.7
.7
.1
1.0
.2
1.5
.5
1.1
.8
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
P et.
7.1
2.1
1.9
3.5
5.3
.3
.3
1.3
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
53959°— 39------11
P et.
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
33.5 48.4 41.5 38.6 36.2
10.3 10.1 9.5 10.8 10.6
16.8 11.7 16.7 17.4 16.8
8.1
8.8 9.0 8.9 8.6
2.7 2.4 3.1 3.2
3.5
.9 2.0 2.2 3.9
4.3
1.4
.9
3.1
1.1
1.0
.2
2.1
4.5
3.7
(2)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
152
T able
3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
JOHN STO W N , PA .—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
All
families
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Under
$200
$200 to
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 and
over
E x p e n d i t u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey______________________________
Average family size:
Persons _ __ __ __ .__ ________________ _. _
Expenditure units-------------------------------Food expenditure u n i t s . ------------------------Clothing expenditure units
__________________
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items
__________________________________
Food- .
----- -- --------- ----------------Clothing-------------------- ----------------Housing----------------------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration------- ----------Other household operation.
___________ _.
Furnishings and equipment______ _____ _ _.
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, opera
tion, and maintenance.
______ _ __ __ . . .
Other transportation.._ . . . . _____ _
_ _ __
________________
Personal care_ . . . ______
Medical care. . . . ____________________ . . .
Recreation.- ___ ________ ___ _____ ____
Education------------------ -----------------Vocation____________________ . . . ---------Community w elfare..
_____________ .
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family. __ _.
-------------------Other items _____ .. . . .
_________ _____
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All item s------------------------------ --Food_________
. . . . . ---- --------- ----C lo th in g--- -------- -. . .--------- . ..
Housing--- ---------- . . . . . . --------- -- _. .
Fuel, light, and refrigeration-------- ---Other household operation. . . . ___________ ._
Furnishings and equipment. . . . . ____. . .
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, opera
...
tion, and maintenance. ______ _
Other transportation--- ------ -- --- ' -----Personal care____ _ __________________
Medical care______ ________ _____ __________
__ .
Recreation_____________ ____ ________ _
Education _ ._ _________ _
_ __ _ ______
Vocation___________ _______ ______ _____ _ _
Community welfare__
................... ...........__
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family__ _ _____________ ______
Other item s.._ ____________________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
153
29
37
46
41
4.30
3.87
3.70
3.24
6. 38
5. 65
5. 51
4. 58
5.20
4. 69
4. 46
3.93
3. 59
3.29
3.06
2.79
2.85
2. 65
2. 44
2.29
$1,182
376
124
207
86
46
55
$868
349
75
157
73
37
22
$1,150
420
133
187
84
47
45
$1,122
355
118
211
81
38
57
$1, 494
379
158
256
100
63
86
62
26
21
57
60
4
3
32
14
22
17
33
35
5
1
23
34
27
22
44
50
9
1
32
59
21
20
44
68
2
2
30
124
32
24
98
77
1
6
40
20
3
3
2
11
4
11
5
48
2
100,0
31.8
10.4
17.5
7.3
3.9
4.7
100.0
40.3
8.7
18.1
8.4
4.3
2.5
100.0
36.5
11.6
16.3
7.3
4.1
3.9
100.0
31.6
10.5
18.8
7.2
3.4
5.1
100.0
25.3
10.6
17.1
6.7
4.2
5.8
5.2
2.2
1.8
4.8
5.1
.3
.3
2.7
1.6
2.5
2.0
3.8
4.0
.6
.1
2.6
3.0
2.3
1.9
3.8
4.3
.8
.1
2.8
5.3
1.9
1.8
3.9
6.0
.2
.2
2.7
8.3
2.1
1.6
6.6
5.2
.1
.4
2.7
1.7
.3
.3
.2
1.0
.3
1.0
.4
3.2
.1
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
153
3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
L A N C A ST E R , PA .—W H ITE FA M IL IE S
nem
All
families
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s of Ite m s
Families in survey- _ _____________ _______ _____
Average family size:
Persons _____________________________________
Expenditure units--------------------------------Food expenditure u n it s ---------------- ---------Clothing expenditure units _ __ ______________
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items
___________ ________ ______
Food
___ _ --------- -- -----------------Clothing.. _______________________________
H ousing._
----- ---------------------__
Fuel, light, and refrigeration- ________ __
Other household operation____________
Furnishings and equipment______
_______
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, opera
tion, and maintenance_____ __
Other transportation ___________ ________
Personal care _ _ __ __ _ _____ _____ —
Medical care. ____ —
_______ ______
R ecreation__________ _ _________ __ _ _
Education___ ___ __ __ ------------ --------Vocation________ _____ _ _____ _______ __
Community welfare
_ ________ _________
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic f a m ily - . .____
_____
__
Other items________ _______ ____________ ___
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All items.
______
_ ___ _ ________
Food
_ _____________
__ __ _______ _
Clothing ------- ------------------------ -Housing. __ _ _ ________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration-------------------Other household operation.__ __ __ _______
Furnishings and equipment ._ _______
_
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, opera
tion, and maintenance__ ____ _ _________
Other transportation____ __ __ ___ ________
Personal care. _- __ _______ _ ___ _____ _
_________ ______________ _
Medicalcaj*e_Recreation.. _ _. __ ___ _ _
_ __ __ ___
Education. ___ _______ __________ ______
Vocation.— __ __ ___ _ _ _ __
___ _____
Community welfare _ _
___
______
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family _ __________ __________
Other items________ __ __ __________________
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
151
35
40
31
45
3.53
3. 26
3.09
2. 78
5.26
4. 70
4.42
3.80
3.58
3.37
3.09
2.83
3.12
2.94
2. 80
2.52
2. 41
2. 34
2. 25
2.17
$1,312
442
146
212
129
52
49
$1,168
469
136
186
133
41
32
$1,160
426
126
196
117
41
39
$1, 316
433
140
206
126
49
70
$1, 566
442
177
250
138
72
58
53
18
28
54
78
6
20
12
12
25
37
56
6
0
14
27
10
24
62
68
1
0
13
39
21
30
59
89
2
1
28
117
28
33
58
97
14
1
27
17
8
8
1
6
4
15
8
36
18
100.0
33.7
11.2
16.2
9.8
4.0
3.7
100.0
40.2
11.6
16.0
11.4
3.5
2.7
100.0
36.7
10.8
16.9
10.1
3.5
3.4
100.0
32.9
10.6
15.6
9.6
3.7
5.3
100.0
28.2
11.3
16.0
8.8
4.6
3.7
4.0
1.4
2.1
4.1
5.9
.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
2.1
3.2
4.8
.5
0
1.2
2.3
.9
2.1
5.3
5.9
.1
0
1.1
3.0
1.6
2.3
4.5
6.8
.2
.1
2.1
7.5
1.8
2.1
3.7
6.2
.9
.1
1.7
1.3
.6
.7
.1
.5
.4
1.1
.6
2.3
1.1
0)
(2)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
154
T able
3.— Expenditures for groups of items} by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.— W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level —Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700 to
$800
$800
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey-----------. . . __
Average family size:
Person s,.._____________________
Expenditure units________ _____
Food expenditure units_________
Clothing expenditure units---- -Average annual current expenditure
for—
All items________________ ______
Food_____
---- ---------Clothing________ __________
Housing____________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___
Other household operation---Furnishings and equipment—
Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and main
tenance____ -- ______
Other transportation_ _
_
Personal care_____________ __
Medical care_________________
R ecreation_________________
Education_______ ___ _____
Vocation_____________________
Community welfare______ .. _
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
fam ily________ __ _________
Other items_______ _________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All items____ __ __ __________
F o o d _____ ______ _______
C lo th in g ----- ----------------H ousing._____ _______
_ ...
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
Other household operation.
Furnishings and equipment---Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and main
tenance. ____
_. . _____
Other transportation__________
Personal care__ _______ . . . . . .
Medical care__________ _______
Recreation.. ______ _
____
E d u c a tio n __________________
Vocation ._ _____ ________
Community w elfare________ .
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family ______________________
Other items_____ . . . _
_
146
25
51
10
13
6
5.50
4.93
4.74
3. 91
4.41
4.16
3.96
3.75
31
3.45
3. 21
3.06
2.83
10
3.83
3. 55
3.38
3.12
2.28
2.08
1.90
1.83
2.45
2.34
2.19
2.17
2.20
2.13
2.05
2.04
2.07
2.00
1.89
1.97
$1,392
482
172
189
134
49
65
$1,140
488
126
164
117
35
23
$1, 431
517
195
170
145
55
60
$1,418
512
191
207
126
41
50
$1,154
339
124
170
137
53
86
$1, 537
446
126
212
156
47
71
$1, 569
436
187
215
122
60
143
$1, 777
410
207
285
118
67
160
74
14
27
52
75
5
8
27
24
13
21
34
56
2
5
27
54
16
28
56
67
6
8
29
54
18
28
44
85
6
7
27
62
7
19
55
63
0
9
19
172
7
31
121
92
10
13
19
153
4
30
24
97
12
16
33
238
10
50
68
108
0
6
37
14
5
4
1
13
12
20
2
8
3
14
0
34
3
8
5
100.0
34.6
12.4
13.6
9.6
3.5
4.7
100.0
42.8
11.1
14.4
10.3
3.0
2.0
100.0
36.2
13.6
11.9
10.1
3.8
4.2
100.0
36.1
13.5
14.6
8.9
2.9
3.5
100.0
29.3
10.8
14.7
11.9
4.6
7.4
100.0
29.1
8.2
13.8
10.2
3.0
4.6
100.0
27.8
11.9
13.7
7.8
3.8
9.1
100.0
23.1
11.6
16.1
6.6
3.8
9.0
5.3
1.0
1.9
3.7
5.4
.4
.6
1.9
2.1
1.1
1.8
3.0
4.9
.2
.4
2.4
3.8
1.1
2.0
3.9
4.7
.4
.6
2.0
3.8
1.2
2.0
3.1
6.0
.4
.5
2.0
5.4
.6
1.6
4.8
5.5
0
.8
1.6
11.2
.5
2.0
7.9
6.0
.6
.8
1.2
9.7
.3
1.9
1.5
6.2
.8
1.0
2.1
13.4
.6
2.8
3.8
6.1
0
.3
2.1
1.0
.4
.4
.1
.9
.8
1.4
.1
.7
.3
0
.9
2.2
.2
.4
.3
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
155
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey________ __
Average family size:
Persons_____ _
____________
Expenditure units________ _____
Food expenditure units__________
Clothing expenditure units_____
498
25
83
96
82
70
60
39
43
4.04
3. 73
3. 55
3.24
7.17
6. 55
6. 35
5.45
5. 64
5.17
4. 94
4. 41
4. 34
3.94
3. 76
3.34
3. 95
3. 66
3. 44
3.20
3.28
3.07
2. 90
2.75
3.06
2. 86
2. 72
2. 59
2. 77
2. 65
2. 51
2. 45
2. 35
2. 23
2. 13
1.98
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All items------- - --------------- $1, 602
Food____________________
580
Clothing__________ __________
170
Housing------------------------246
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___
125
Other household operation_____
64
Furnishings and equipment- _
61
Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and main
tenance___
_ ______
56
Other transportation-.. __ ___
58
Personal care
__ ___ _____
33
52
Medical care_____ __________
Recreation. ______ _
__ _
85
Education_____ ______ _
__ 6
Vocation_____________________
5
Community welfare__________
23
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
26
family_________ _______
12
Other item s____________ ____
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All item s.. __________ ___ __ _
F o o d _____ ___________
Clothing_______ _______ ____
Housing----- _
. _ --- -Fuel, light, and refrigeration___
Other household operation..- _
Furnishings and equipment---Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and main
tenance_____________ _____ _
Other transportation______ ___
Personal care______ ________
Medical c a r e .______ _____
Recreation_________________ _
Education_____ ______________
Vocation .. _________ ____
Community welfare________ __
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family___ ____ ___________
Other items___ _________ -----
$1, 070 $1, 292 $1, 361 $1, 631 $1. 678 $1, 863 $1, 975 $2, 149
554
604
555
590
525
601
600
608
176
228
106
131
183
198
131
235
195
220
253
139
253
275
310
337
134
130
123
J19
101
130
135
112
43
48
73
71
75
82
37
95
24
23
38
56
61
96
71
153
6
34
20
26
36
4
1
9
12
47
30
30
56
8
4
17
28
49
28
38
65
8
4
21
31
62
34
56
90
4
7:
24
56
62
38
60
97
3
6
25
93
67
37
64
113
6
4
27
151
74
40
60
118
4
5
25
146
68
38
92
121
10
6
30
2
0
8
10
8
2
28
6
26
10
39
8
55
47
67
31
100.0
36.3
10.6
15.4
7.8
4.0
3.8
100.0
49.1
9.9
13.0
9.4
3.5
2.2
100.0
43.0
10.1
15.1
9.6
3.3
1.8
100.0
40.7
9.6
16.2
8.8
3.5
2.8
100.0
36.2
11.2
15.6
8.2
4.5
3.4
100.0
36.0
10.5
15.1
7.7
4.2
3.6
100.0
32.3
12.3
14.8
7.0
4.0
5.1
100.0
30.4
10.0
15.7
6.8
4.2
3.6
100.0
28.3
10.9
15.7
5.2
4.4
7.1
3.5
3.6
2.1
3.2
5.3
.4
.3
1.4
.6
3.1
1.9
2.4
3.4
.4
.1
.8
.9
3.7
2.3
2.3
4.3
.6
.3
1.3
2.0
3.7
2.0
2.8
4.8
.6
.3
1.5
1.9
3.8
2.1
3.4
5.5
.2
.4
1.5
3.3
3.7
2.3
3.6
5.8
.2
.4
1.5
5.0
3.6
2.0
3.4
6.1
.3
.2
1.4
7.6
3.7
2.0
3.0
6.0
.2
.3
1.3
6.8
3.2
1.8
4.3
5. 6
.5
.3
1.4
1.6
.7
0
.2
.6
.8
.6
.1
1.7
.4
1.5
.6
2.1
.4
2.8
2.4
3.1
1.4
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
156
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —NEG R O FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100 to $200 to $300 to $400 to $500 to
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey______ _____ ___________
Average family size:
Persons________ ____ _________ _______
Expenditure units—_ ----- -- ------- _
Food expenditure units------------------Clothing expenditure units______________
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s_________________ — -----Food__________ ____________ _______
Clothing--------- --------------------Housing_____________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration----------Other household operation__________ __
Furnishings and equipment____ ______
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance_________
Other transportation... _______ _______
Personal care_________________ _______
Medical care_____ _____________ _____ _
Recreation_________________ _______
Education_____________ ____________
Vocation________ _ . . .
___ . . .
Community welfare___ ____ _ _______
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_____ . . . . . .
Other item s__________________________
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All ite m s.._______ ______ ____ ____ . . .
Food________________ ______________
Clothing_____________________________
Housing_______________ _______ _____
Fuel, light, and refrigeration__________
Other household operation_____ _______
Furnishings and equipment_____ _..
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance_________
Other transportation_____ . . .
______
Personal care_______ _______ _____
Medical care____________ _______ . . .
Recreation________________ _____ _____
E d u ca tio n ___ _ ____________ _
Vocation. _. _________ ____________
Community welfare____ _________ _ . .
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_____________
Other items ..................... ........... ...............
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
101
8
24
23
15
16
15
3. 76
3.49
3. 30
2.94
8.39
7. 39
6.89
5.45
4. 92
4.46
4.13
3. 63
3.71
3. 53
3.42
3.01
2. 82
2. 71
2. 69
2. 40
2.29
2.19
2. 01
2. 02
2.05
1.98
1.86
1.92
$1,180
399
114
246
115
36
35
$960
459
47
233
96
26
7
$1,067
399
104
238
117
23
20
$1,200
404
123
258
118
45
17
$1, 204
388
119
246
111
27
47
$1, 218
367
123
250
126
42
46
$1, 389
408
138
243
107
50
81
24
52
25
33
57
3
1
17
3
24
18
11
16
2
0
11
2
49
23
28
43
1
1
13
37
39
26
31
70
3
1
14
15
63
29
57
57
1
2
16
4
67
22
24
67
6
1
28
85
64
28
43
72
2
3
21
22
1
0
7
6
0
14
0
26
0
41
4
44
0
100.0
33.8
9.7
20.8
9.7
3.1
3.0
100.0
47.9
4.9
24.3
10.0
2.7
.7
100.0
37.3
9.7
22.3
11.0
2.2
1.9
100.0
33.7
10.2
21. 5
9.8
3.8
1.4
100.0
32.3
9.9
20.5
9.2
2.2
3.9
100.0
30.2
10.1
20.5
10.3
3.4
3.8
100.0
29.4
10.0
17.5
7.7
3.6
5.8
2.0
4.4
2.1
2.8
4.8
.3
.1
1.4
.2
2.6
1.9
1.1
1.7
.2
0
1.1
.2
4.6
2.2
2.6
4.0
.1
.1
1.2
3.1
3.2
2.2
2.6
5.8
.2
.1
1.2
1.2
5.2
2.4
4.7
4.7
.1
.2
1.3
.3
5. 5
1.8
2.0
5.5
.5
.1
2.3
6.1
4.6
2.0
3.1
5.2
.1
.2
1.5
1.9
.1
0
.6
1.2
0
2.2
0
3.4
.3
3.2
0
.7
0
157
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
P IT T S B U R G H , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
E x p e n d i t u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey_______________________
Average family size:
Persons___________ __ ________________
Expenditure units___ __________________
Food expenditure units_________________
Clothing expenditure units_____________
346
11
64
76
65
54
38
38
3.96
3. 65
3. 45
3.08
6. 58
5.90
5.68
4. 74
5. 83
5. 33
5.12
4. 41
4. 37
4. 01
3. 79
3. 36
3.60
3.31
3.08
2. 80
3.14
2. 93
2.70
2. 47
2.82
2. 66
2.44
2. 34
2.15
2.07
1.99
1.84
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items________________________ _____ $1,483
Food________________________________
490
Clothing___________ ____ __ __________
153
Housing____________________________
283
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_________
96
Other household operation________ ._
55
Furnishings and equipment___________
64
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance____ _____
67
Other transportation_________ _______
48
Personal care____________________ __
26
Medical care___ ______ __________
60
Recreation_____ _ __ ___ ______ _
81
Education_________ ____ _ ________
3
Vocation. _ __ ______ _ _______ _
5
Community welfare__________ ___
25
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family____________
16
11
Other items________________________
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s______ ______________ ________
Food---------- ----------------------Clothing____ __
___ ________ _
H o u s in g ..___ _______ _____ ______ Fuel, light, and refrigeration. _ _ _.. ..
Other household operation______
_ _
Furnishings and equipment--------- -Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance ________
Other transportation_______ _ _ __ __
Personal care____ ____ _____ _____
M edical care____ __ ___ _ _
__ _ _
Recreation____
___ _
__ . _
Education___ ________ ______ _ ___ _
Vocation-------------- -------------Community welfare____ _
___.
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family, _ _______
Other items __ __
____ _ ______
3
44
19
30
58
4
9
15
19
43
25
50
69
4
3
21
30
50
27
46
79
2
2
23
39
53
26
51
80
4
5
23
90
47
25
94
84
3
5
23
95
53
30
74
102
8
7
227
45
28
70
92
1
13
39
1
3
5
4
10
5
18
10
14
22
33
25
37
10
100.0
33.1
10.3
19.1
6.5
3.7
4.3
100.0
42.8
10.7
14.6
7.7
3.6
2.0
100.0
41.0
11.4
16. 1
7.3
3.4
2.1
100.0
36.1
10.8
18.7
7.2
3.4
4.3
100.0
33.6
10.4
20.0
6.8
3.7
4.6
100.0
28.6
9.9
20.6
6.3
3.9
5.1
100.0
29.5
9. 6
19.5
5.0
3.5
6.0
100.0
24.7
9.2
20.0
5.2
4.9
4.2
4.5
3. 2
1.8
4.0
5.5
1.5
3.3
1.9
3.9
5.3
.3
1.6
2. 1
3.6
1.9
3.3
5.7
.1
.1
1.6
2.6
3.6
1.8
3.4
5.4
.3
.3
1.6
5.6
3.0
1.6
5.9
5.3
.3
1.7
.3
4.4
1.9
3.0
5.8
.4
.9
1.5
.3
1.4
5.5
3.1
1.8
4.3
6.0
.5
.4
1.9
12.8
2.5
1.6
4.0
5.2
.1
.7
2.2
1.1
.7
.1
.3
.4
.3
.7
.4
1.2
.7
.9
1.4
1.9
1.5
2.1
.6
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
$1,005 $1, 298 $1, 397 $1, 478 $1, 593 $1, 711 $1, 768
430
532
504
455
505
497
437
108
151
164
154
158
147
162
147
334
260
295
329
209
355
78
95
100
100
85
101
92
36
62
60
86
44
47
54
82
20
103
74
28
61
68
.2
.2
.2
33
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
158
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
PIT TSBU R G H , PA.—N E G R O FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$200
to
$300
$100
to
$200
$400
to
$500
$300
to
$400
$500
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey__________________ ____ _
Average family size:
Persons------- -------- ---------- -------- -Expenditure units—
__ ____________
Food expenditure units— _ . ---------Clothing expenditure units______________
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s. . ----------------- -------Food________ _
_____
.
__
Clothing---------------------------Housing--------------- ---------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration_____ ___
Other household operation____________
Furnishings and equipment ___ ______
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance_________
Other transportation_______________
Personal care____________
___ ____
Medical care___ _________ ___________
Recreation___ _ ____________ ____ _
Education____ ______ ________ ______
Vocation. __ ___ ________ _ _ _______
Community welfare______ __ ______
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_____ ______
Other item s._________ _____ . . .
...
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s------- ------- ----------------Food----- ------------------------------Clothing------------- ----------------H o u sin g------------- -------------- _
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_________ _
Other household operation_____________
Furnishings and equipment_______ ___
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance___ . . .
Other transportation__________ ____ _
Personal care____ __________________
Medical c a re ___ __________ . . . ____
Recreation____ _____________________
Education.._ ___ _________ ______ _
Vocation__________
_______________
Community w e lfa r e.________________
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_
_ _ _____
Other item s____________ _____________
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
97
5
22
22
23
12
13
3.16
2.96
2.81
2.51
8.49
7.87
7.37
5.83
3.86
3.60
3.47
3.02
3.08
2.84
2.73
2.39
2.53
2.41
2.26
2.12
2.14
2.05
1.91
1.93
2.08
2.02
1.91
1.81
$1,073
343
97
243
91
39
39
$1,190
504
66
288
101
47
5
$902
340
77
211
86
30
34
$985
325
86
235
92
38
23
$1,073
341
102
238
91
39
34
$1,110
307
120
243
86
32
49
$1, 416
351
129
305
98
55
73
30
34
23
38
50
1
2
16
24
19
16
22
33
6
3
10
2
25
22
22
34
1
0
12
29
36
19
32
48
1
2
12
27
41
27
40
46
61
23
25
51
64
0
0
18
60
48
26
64
77
0
1
24
25
2
6
0
100.0
31.9
9.0
22.7
8.5
3.7
3.6
0)
5
21
7
17
0)
30
1
101
0)
100.0
42.4
5.5
24.3
8.5
3.9
3.8
100.0
37.7
8.5
23.4
9.6
3.3
3.8
100.0
33.0
8.8
23.9
9.3
3.9
2.3
100.0
31.7
9.5
22.2
8.5
3.6
3.2
100.0
27.6
10.8
21.9
4.4
100.0
24.8
9.1
21.6
6.9
3.9
5.2
2.8
3.2
2.1
3.5
4.7
.1
.2
1.5
2.0
1.6
1.3
1.8
2.8
.5
.3
.8
.2
2.8
2.4
2.4
3.8
.1
0
1.3
2.9
3.7
1.9
3.2
4.9
.1
.2
1.2
2.5
3.8
2.5
3.7
4.3
(2)
.5
2.0
5.5
2.1
2.3
4.6
5.8
0
0
1.6
4.2
3.4
1.8
4.5
5.4
0
.1
1.7
2.3
.2
0
.7
1.6
.4
2.7
.1
7.1
.3
6
.5
.7
(2)
(2)
4
7.7
2.9
4
159
TABULAE SUMMARY
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
PO K T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level--Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$200
to
$300
$100
to
$200
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$800
to
$900
$700
to
$800
$900
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey_________ ________
Average family size:
Persons________________ __________
Expenditure un its.______ _________
Food expenditure units____________
Clothing expenditure units________
153
6
3.93
3.59
3.31
3.03
7.83
6.90
6. 36
5.39
22
38
5.98
5. 33
4.96
4.32
4.09
3.70
3.08
3.08
35
15
20
7
5
5
3.56
3. 30
3. 07
2.77
3.14
2.84
2. 52
2.42
2.87
2. 69
2.46
2.48
2.13
1.98
1. 86
1.75
2.80
2.71
2.52
2.65
2.20
2.15
2.01
2.13
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All item s______
________________ $1, 483 $1, 218 $1,317 $1, 259 $1,484 $1,584 $1, 734 $1, 505 $2, 270 $2,167
Food___________________________
463
455
478
457
579
484
518
488
519
540
Clothing________
-----------241
154
122
120
151
212
234
156
198
101
Housing--------------------------285
309
221
241
273
362
254
230
248
247
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_____
154
139
139
148
206
124
128
116
136
133
Other household operation_______
81
45
40
57
74
118
98
57
58
30
Furnishings and equipment______
85
62
103
74
81
49
59
46
41
14
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and mainte
59
355
nance . . . ___
___ . . .
81
54
103
45
73
106
286
28
Other transportation__ _ __ _ __
25
27
6
50
20
17
26
18
10
20
Personal care___ ______________
36
40
31
49
37
24
25
31
27
32
__
94
87
44
55
Medical care________ _ .
111
58
25
37
46
56
Recreation_____ __________ .. __
92
125
83
157
116
89
55
68
76
88
19
120
13
4
10
Education___ __________ _____
11
3
1
2
7
Vocation___ _______
... _
1
15
2
2
1
1
1
7
2
4
25
25
Community welfare_____________
21
21
20
8
40
14
28
16
Gifts and contributions to persons
53
outside the economic fa m ily ___
21
16
28
20
3
26
31
7
11
1
2
4
Other item s_______
. . . .. __ _
1
4
2
5
3 0)
1
Percentage of total annual current ex
penditure for—
All item s______ . . . ___ _ ____
100.0
Food___________________________ 33.0
Clothing-----------10.4
Housing______ _______________ 17.1
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
9.2
Other household operation_______
3.8
Furnishings and equipment___
4.0
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and mainte
. . . . . . . ___
nance____
5.4
Other transportation____________
1.4
2.1
Personal care_________ __ ------3.9
Medical care_________________ __
Recreation_____________________
6.0
Education_______ ________ ______
.7
Vocation___ _ ______________ _
.1
1.4
Community welfare.____________
Gifts and contributions to persons
1.4
outside the economic family____
Other items. _____________ . . . _
.1
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
42.6 41.0 36.8 32.6 28.7 27.6 30.4 25.5 23.9
9.5 12.2 13.2 10.6 10.8
9.5 10.5
8.3
9.3
20.3 16.8 18.3 16.2 18.0 17.8 16.5 12.0 16.7
8.9
6.1
9.3
9.2
9.1
9.2
10.1
9.3
9.7
4.9
4.5
3.6
4.7
5.5
2.5
3.4
3.9
3.2
5.4
5.4
2.3
3.6
4.5
3.3
5.0
1.2
3.5
2.3
1.5
2.0
2.0
4.5
.2
.2
1.7
3.4
.8
2.0
2.8
5.2
.2
.1
1.2
4.2
1.4
2.0
3.6
6.0
.1
.1
1.1
4.9
1.4
2.2
3.8
5.9
.5
.3
1.9
6.7
1.6
2.3
5.9
5.8
.8
.1
1.3
3.4
1.6
2.3
5.0
7.2
1.1
.1
1.4
6.8
.4
2.1
2.9
5.5
.3
.1
.5
12.6
2.2
2.2
4.9
6.9
.4
.7
1.8
16.4
1.2
1.7
2.5
5.4
5.5
.3
1.2
.2
.4
.5
.1
.9
.3
1.4
.2
1.0
(2)
3.0
.1
1.7
.1
1.2
.2
1.4
.1
160
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N . Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—families spending per expenditure unit
per year
Item
All
fam
ilies
U n $300
der
to
$300 $400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800 $900 $1,000
to
to
and
$900 $1,000 over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey ___ ____________
Average family size:
Persons---- ------- ---------------Expenditure u n it s --- -------------Food expenditure units------------Clothing expenditure units___ _ ___
301
30
65
68
47
35
20
15
12
9
3. 40
3.15
2. 96
2. 69
5.80
5. 32
5.00
4. 40
3.99
3.64
3. 46
3.00
3.41
3. 16
2. 91
2. 75
2. 99
2.79
2. 62
2.40
2. 55
2. 41
2.24
2.01
2. 44
2.33
2. 21
2.12
2. 37
2.28
2.18
2.01
1. 95
1. 89
1. 76
1.93
2.09
2. 04
1. 97
2.00
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All item s------ ------------- --- $1, 510 $1, 292 $1, 305 $1, 426 $1, 543 $1, 549 $1, 747 $1, 913 $1,818 $2, 324
443
460
443
447
482
Food____ ______________
--448
430
439
425
527
154
137
143
125
Clothing__.L__ --- ------------ -129
177
190
202
186
235
295
308
270
363
Housing________________________
271
314
306
333
388
403
135
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_____
151
137
144
143
138
136
128
133
126
Other household operation---- -50
37
36
46
49
62
57
85
59
93
Furnishings and equipment-----63
63
57
26
38
56
41
117
139
122
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and m ainte
34
70
85
93
24
92
nance_________________________
208
216
142
428
25
22
30
Other transportation_________
29
30
36
30
31
28
24
28
29
24
28
29
27
33
35
Personal care. ___ __ _________ 43
43
54
49
34
42
63
Medical care________________
66
57
97
59
64
74
83
55
68
90
78
121
139
114
Recreation------ ------- -------116
6
14
Education______ _ _ _ _ _
____
12
19
6
26
4
11
6
0
5
6
5
5
Vocation________ _
__
6
8
4
7
9
7
19
22
19
19
27
Community welfare--------------27
18
26
16
31
Gifts and contributions to persons
17
11
23
8
24
19
24
44
outside the economic family----67
103
4
0
9
6
2
1
3
Other item s________
_ -------7
4
2
Percentage of total annual current ex
penditure for—
100.0
All item s. __ ___________________
29.6
Food____ _________ ______
Clothing_______________________
10.2
H o u sin g ----------- ----------20.4
Fuel, light, and refrigeration. ___
9.1
Other household operation____
3.3
Furnishings and equipment______
3.8
Automobile and motorcycle—pur
chase, operation, and mainte
nance______ __ __ _ _ ---6.2
Other transportation____________
1.9
Personal care___________________
1.9
Medical care___________ _ ___
3.6
5.5
Recreation_________ ___ _ ___
E d u c a tio n ____
___ ______ _ _
.8
Vocation. _________ _______
.4
Community welfare_____________
1.5
Gifts and contributions to persons
outside the economic family. _ __
1.5
__ __
.3
Other item s_______ ____
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
35.5 33.9 31.1 29.0 27.8 27.6 22.9 23.4 22.7
10.0 10.5 10.0 11.5
8.1 10.9 10.5 10.3 10.1
20.8 20.8 20.7 20.3 23.4 17.5 17.4 21.4 17.4
9.6
9.3
8.2
6.7
11.7 10.3
8.8
7.3
5.4
3.2
2.8
3.2
4.0
3.3
2.9
4.4
3.2
4.0
2.0
2.9
3.9
4.1
2.7
3.6
6.1
7.6
5.2
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454.
1.9
1.7
1.9
2.6
4.3
1. 5
.4
1.5
2.6
1.9
2.1
3.2
5.2
.5
.5
1.5
4.9
2.1
2.0
3.4
5.2
1.0
.4
1.3
6.0
1.9
1.9
4.1
5.8
.4
.5
1.7
5.5
2.3
1.7
4.3
5.0
1.7
.3
1.7
11.9
1.7
1.9
3.3
6.9
.2
.2
1.0
11.3
1.6
1.8
5.1
7.3
.6
.4
1.4
7.8
1.5
2.4
3.2
6.3
.3
.5
.9
18.4
1.0
1.9
2.8
5.0
0
.3
1.3
.6
.7
1.3
0
.8
.4
1.6
.1
1.2
.1
1.4
.4
2.3
.2
3.7
.2
4.4
.1
161
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level--families spending per expenditure
unit per year
$100 to $200 to
$200
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to $600 and
$600
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey___________________ ____
Average family size:
Persons_______________ ________________
Expenditure units______________________
Food expenditure units_________________
Clothing expenditure units__________ ___
Average annual current expenditure for—
All i t e m s ________________ ___________
F o o d ________ _____ _ ___ ------------Clothing_______________________
Housing_______________________
___
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___ _ ___
Other household operation_____ _____
Furnishings and equipment________ _
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance. ___ __
Other transportation. ____ _
__ __
Personal care _______ _____ _ ___ __
M edical care___ _ __ __
____ _ __
R ecrea tio n ___ __ _______ _______ _
E d u c a tio n _____ _
________ ____
__
_________ _
Vocation______ _
Community welfare. . _ __ _______ _
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family___ __ __ _
Other item s_____________ . _________
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s------------------ _ _ _ --Food_______ _ _______
___ ______
Clothing--------------------------------Housing_________ ________ _______ _ __
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____ ___ __
Other household operation_________ ___
Furnishings and equipment _ _ _ _ _
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase,
operation, and maintenance____
Other transportation.. ______ _
_
Personal care._ ____ __ __
__ __
Medical c a r e _____ _
___ --------- _
R ecreation... ____________ __ _ ___
Education.. _ ___ _ _ _ _ _
_ ___
Vocation____ _ __ _ ___ _ _______ _
Community welfare __ _ _ _ _
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family ___ __ _
Other item s____ _
__ _____ ___ _
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 454,
231
6
32
58
51
44
40
3. 75
3.41
3. 21
2. 87
5.97
5.44
5.23
4. 52
5. 37
4.86
4. 65
4.06
4. 29
3.87
3. 65
3. 23
3.58
3. 24
2.98
2. 70
2.94
2. 68
2.48
2. 28
2.29
2. 30
2. 22
2.01
$1, 412
502
156
262
119
44
59
$920
384
91
224
94
20
5
$1,192
504
123
216
107
33
23
$1,330
517
157
252
123
36
46
$1, 423
504
154
283
126
47
53
$1,481
507
164
247
116
43
94
$1, 695
489
183
309
122
68
84
40
21
26
53
58
6
11
28
22
5
12
11
16
1
7
23
19
24
25
31
42
7
10
24
26
13
24
38
43
5
12
26
26
24
27
63
63
1
10
25
60
23
27
69
62
3
14
31
78
26
28
68
86
18
14
36
17
10
5
0
3
1
11
1
12
5
21
38
48
100.0
35.6
11.0
18.6
8.4
3.1
4.2
100.0
41.8
9.9
24.4
10.2
2.2
.5
100.0
42.3
10.3
18.1
9.0
2.8
1.9
100.0
38.8
11.8
18.9
9.2
2.7
3. 5
100.0
35.4
10.8
19.9
8.9
3.3
3. 7
100.0
34.2
11.1
16.7
7.8
2.9
6.3
100.0
28.9
10.8
18.2
7.2
4.0
5.0
2.8
1.5
1.8
3.8
4.1
.4
.8
2.0
2.4
.5
1.3
1.2
1.7
.1
.8
2.5
1.6
2.0
2.1
2.6
3.5
.6
.8
2.0
2.0
1.0
1.8
2.9
3.2
.4
.9
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.9
4.4
4.4
.1
.7
1.8
4.1
1.6
1.8
4.7
4.2
.2
.9
2.1
4.6
1. 5
1.7
4.0
5.1
1.1
.8
2. 1
1.2
.7
0
.5
.3
.1
.8
.1
1.4
2.2
2.8
!
.8
.4
0)
(2)
162
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 3.— Expenditures for groups of items, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure
unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800
to
$900
$900
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey___ ____ _____ _
Average family size:
Persons------------- ----------Expenditure units------------- ..
Food expenditure units----------Clothing expenditure units----- --
248
35
46
58
41
25
25
8
10
3. 75
3. 46
3. 27
2.98
6.13
5. 63
5.40
4. 79
4. 38
4.02
3. 81
3. 39
3.49
3.24
3.03
2. 82
3. 38
3. 07
2. 86
2. 61
2. 76
2. 57
2.46
2. 20
2. 45
2. 36
2. 22
2.18
2. 37
2.20
2. 01
1.90
2.18
2.13
2.02
2.12
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All items-------------------------- $1, 559
546
Food________ - -- -----------Clothing------------------161
284
Housing------------------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration--139
Other household operation-----51
Furnishings and equipment _ __
46
Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and main
75
tenance______________ _____
Other transportation..__________
32
29
Personal care___ ____- - - - - 59
Medical care________ _________
74
Recreation---------- ----------Education ______ _ _______
7
V o c a tio n .----- ------- -----4
Community welfare.__ ____ .
25
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
21
family____ __ __ _________
6
Other item s.. -------_
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All items-------------------------Food_____ ______________ . . .
C lothing.. ________ _
______
Housing--------------------- __
Fuel, light, and refrigeration--Other household operation_____
Furnishings and equipment. _ _
Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and main
tenance. . .
.. ______ .
Other transportation ________
Personal care--..
____
Medical c a r e . . ___________ _
Recreation_______________ . .
Education _________________
Vocation_____________________
Community welfare_________ .
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family______________________
Other item s______ . . . . ____
$1, 359 $1,416 $1,442 $1, 666 $1, 665 $1, 765 $1,861 $2,169
584
551
525
564
525
522
533
585
158
172
136
153
169
160
204
200
264
332
227
268
283
323
354
321
139
127
146
154
127
136
141
148
42
39
54
39
68
78
65
70
22
41
29
89
57
51
35
88
28
31
25
45
49
1
4
19
27
30
26
42
63
6
3
22
54
33
29
48
66
4
3
25
76
37
34
74
83
6
4
28
91
27
29
71
99
13
2
30
121
37
33
84
90
13
6
22
111
39
30
90
69
31
7
44
402
27
36
84
116
0
8
28
9
3
15
3
13
1
17
1
46
7
45
6
20
92
41
11
100.0
35.0
10.3
18.2
8.9
3.3
3.0
100.0
43.0
10.0
16.7
9.4
3.1
2.1
100.0
38.9
10.8
18.9
10.3
2.8
1.6
100.0
36.5
11.0
18.3
9.6
2.7
2.8
100.0
33.9
10.3
19.9
7.6
3.3
3.4
100.0
31.5
10.2
17.0
9.2
4.1
3.1
100.0
29.6
9.1
18.3
7.7
4.4
5.0
100.0
28.6
10.7
19.0
8.0
3.1
1.9
100.0
26.9
9.4
14.8
6.8
3.2
4.1
4.8
2.1
1.9
3.8
4.7
.4
.3
1.6
2.0
2.3
1.8
3.3
3.6
.1
.3
1.4
1.9
2.1
1.8
3.0
4.4
.4
.2
1.6
3.7
2.3
2.0
3.3
4.6
.3
.2
1.7
4.6
2.2
2.0
4.4
5.0
.4
.2
1.7
5.5
1.6
1.7
4.3
5.9
.8
1
L8
6.9
2.1
1.9
4.8
5.1
.7
.3
1.2
6.0
2.1
1.6
4.8
3.7
1.7
.4
2.4
18.5
1.2
1.7
3.9
5.4
0
.4
1.3
1.3
.4
.7
.2
1.1
.2
.9
.1
1.0
.1
2.8
.4
2.6
.3
1.1
4.9
1.9
.5
Notes on this table are in appendix A ,p. 454.
TABULAR SUMM ARY
163
T able 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
A11
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
$700
and
over
D is p o s i ti o n o f M o n e y R eceiv ed D u r in g the
S ch ed u le Y e a r N o t "Used fo r C u r r e n t F a m i l y
E x p en d itu re
Families in survey___ _____ __ _
516
96
100
85
117
51
67
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand_________ __ ________ ___
7
2
0
1
3
1
0
0
In checking account________ _______
0
0
0
0
0
0
44
In savings account____ ___ ____ ___
4
5
11
7
7
10
Investm ent in:
4
Improvements in own home__ _____
0
0
2
1
1
0
Other real estate (including real estate
3
mortgages) __ _ ______________ _____
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
Building and loan shares ___ _______
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Stocks and bonds____ ____________ _
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
1
Other property____________ ___ ___
0
0
0
2
2
Paym ent of premiums for insurance
policies:
468
Life insurance_______
___ ________
83
104
83
89
48
61
10
Annuities___________ __ ______ . . .
0
1
6
1
1
1
2
4
Increase in outstanding loans to others. __
0
0
0
1
1
Decrease in liabilities:
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
55
8
15
15
down payment on own hom e.. ___
8
1
8
Paym ent on principal of other mort
28
8
4
9
gages___ _________________________
3
2
2
Paym ent of debts to:
2
1
0
1
0
0
Banks____ _____________________ _
0
2
1
0
Insurance com panies.-. __ _________
0
0
1
0
8
1
4
Small-loan companies_____ _____ _ __
0
2
0
1
Firms selling on installment plan:
2
0
1
0
Automobiles ___ __ _ __
______
0
1
0
34
6
7:
4
Other goods______ ______
__ __
6
7
4
3
0
0
1
1
Individuals___ _____
_ _ _____
0
1
21
1
5
Other__________________________
6
3
2
4
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabil
ities__ _ __ _______
___ ___
___ $142.16 $115. 57 $110. 58 $147. 94 $164. 63 $152. 43 $181. 02
87. 61
Increase in assets__ _____ ____ _
__. 110. 61
89. 24 117. 41 119. 99 120. 36 144.17
Increase in cash:
.91
2. 46
0
.21
1. 70
0
On hand. __________________________
.96
0
0
0
0
In checking account. ___________ _
0
0
0
12.13
12. 93
9. 42
12.17
5. 33
16. 53
In savings account_________ _________
21.70
Investm ent in:
1. 74
4. 13
0
Improvements in own home _ _______
4. 38
0
.63
0
Other real estate (including real estate
1.33
0
2. 87
3. 80
0
0
mortgages)__ ______
_ __ __ __
0
0
0
0
Building and loan shares______ _
0
0
0
0
4.88
0
0
0
0
Stocks and bonds___ _ _ __ __ __
0
37. 60
.55
0
0
0
2. 96
0
Other property ___________ _______
1.95
Paym ent of premiums for insurance
policies:
97.41
87. 39
78.19
99. 20
81.99
91.47
Life insurance______
___ ______
79. 78
.19
.98
0
3. 48
.41
.22
A nnuities_______________ ____ ______
.60
0
.70
0
0
1. 90
.63
Increase in outstanding loans to others. _
1.58
44. 64
31. 55
27. 96
32. 07
21. 34
30. 53
Decrease in liabilities________ _ _ _ __
36. 85
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
24.69
16. 47
2. 42
17.29
15. 43
11.43
down payment on own home. _ ___
24. 92
Paym ent on principal of other mort
10.68
5. 47
5. 22
2. 57
1.89
8.03
gages______________________________
2. 31
Paym ent of debts to:
.40
0
.30
0
1.06
0
Banks_____________________________
0
.83
. 15
0
0
. 13
0
Insurance companies__________ _____
0
1.40
.79
2.04
0
.54
Small-loan companies________ _____
0
.46
Firm selling on installment plan:
0
.09
.19
0
0
.61
Automobiles______________________
0
5. 96
5. 74
4.56
2. 25
22. 68
2. 60
Other goods______________________
4. 94
0
.11
0
.10
.26
0
Individuals_____ _______________ _
.27
2. 43
.68
3.36
.62
2.96
3. 66
Other______________ ___ _______
3. 95
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
164
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
Under
$300
$300 to $100 to $500 to
$400
$500
$600
o
•*s o
°-o
All
families
$700
and
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily U s e F r o m
S o u r c e s O ther than F a m ily In c o m e in Sch ed
u le Y e a r
516
Families in survey------------ -----------Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
12
On hand____ ____ ____ _ _________
In checking account_________ _____ _
1
122
In savings account________ _______
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mort0
gages)-------------------------------0
Building and loan sh ares... _ _ _ _ _ _
1
Stocks and bonds._ __________ .
4
Goods and chattels_______ _________
0
Other property_________________ _
Insurance policies:
35
Surrender----------- ----------6
Settlem ent-----------------------Receipts from outstanding loans to
6
others-------- ---------. . . ---------Increase in liabilities:
2
Increase in mortgages on own home---0
Increase in other mortgages____________
Increase in debts:
8
Payable to b a n k s ------ -------------26
Payable to insurance companies______
21
Payable to small-loan companies ___
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
8
Automobiles___ . . . . ______ _
94
Other goods_________ _________ .
22
Payable to individuals___ ______ _ .
125
Other debts. _ _ _ __ . . . . ------3
Inheritance____. . . -------------- -----Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabil
$128.07
-------------ities - ------- --Decrease in assets___ __________ _._ _
78.20
Reduction in cash:
1.48
On hand___________________________
In checking account--- --------------.34
59. 57
In savings account__________________
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mort
0
gages)—
0
Building and loan shares-------------1.80
Stocks and bonds________ ________ _
Goods and chattels.______ _ . . . __ _
.10
Other property _____________ ____ _
0
Insurance policies:
9.92
Surrender__________________________
Settlement _______________ ________
2.60
Receipts from outstanding loans to
2. 39
others. _________ _
_____________ _
Increase in liabilities_________ ___„-----49. 87
Increase in mortgages on own home____
1.95
0
Increase in other mortgages____________
Increase in debts:
2.80
Payable to banks________ ____ ______
Payable to insurance companies.__ _ .
4.54
Payable to small-loan companies_____
3.47
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
2. 65
Automobiles______________________
11.07
Other goods______________________
5.68
Payable to individuals______________
17. 71
Other debts________________ ___ ____
1.56
Inheritance— ----- --------- ----------- —
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
96
100
117
85
51
67
0
0
14
2
0
19
3
0
30
4
0
26
3
0
15
0
1
18
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
6
1
6
0
9
0
8
1
1
3
5
1
0
1
1
1
0
3
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
5
7
0
4
4
4
4
4
2
5
4
1
1
2
0
7
0
0
17
6
34
1
1
10
4
24
0
0
26
6
24
2
2
16
3
23
0
1
11
1
11
0
4
14
2
9
0
$94. 54
47.48
0
0
40. 62
0
0
0
0
.37
$81.68 $130.61 $154. 21 $134.37 $202. 98
56. 66
82.39
79.75
81.86 142. 38
1. 26
0
42.80
0
0
0
0
0
2.14
0
64.19
0
0
0
0
.07
1.92
0
67.74
0
0
0
0
.10
4.43
0
45.96
0
0
0
0
0
0
2. 59
103. 68
0
0
13.89
0
0
6. 34
.15
9. 51
0
14.41
0
8.04
1.48
8.70
22. 77
11.16
.60
0
47.06
2. 35
0
3.09
25.02
0
0
1.58
48. 22
6.67
0
.47
74.46
0
0
0
52. 51
0
0
10.46
60. 60
0
0
.73
5.52
4.06
0
1.35
3.30
3. 73
3.32
2.70
8.13
3. 21
4.58
4.84
.03
7.15
0
15.14
0
0
8.05
8. 61
17.74
1.93
.16
3. 54
2. 55
14.12
0
0
14.16
5. 33
12.31
5.28
2.10
13.22
10.60
32.62
0
5.88
13.81
.48
20. 32
0
13.04
16.42
4.45
11.55
0
165
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
$700
and
over
D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the
S ch edu le Y e a r N o t U se d f o r C u rren t F a m ily
E x p e n d itu r e
Families in survey___ ____ ___ ______ _____
450
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
0
On hand___ ___ _____ ____ _______
2
In checking account.__
__ _ _____
In savings account__________ ______ _
43
Investment in:
9
Improvements in own hom e..
___
Other real estate (including real estate
2
mortgages). _____ .
...
1
Building and loan shares_______ ___
Stocks and bonds _________________
3
Other p ro p erty ________ _ _ . . . . . .
3
Payment of premiums for insurance poli
cies:
414
Life insurance.
____
43
Annuities___ ____________________
4
Increase in outstanding loans to others..
Decrease in liabilities:
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
17
down payment on own home. _ . . . .
4
Paym ent on principal of other mortgages.
Paym ent of debts to:
1
Banks ______________
_ ... ...
Insurance companies.
__
__ _.
0
7
Small-loan companies_______ _ ____
Firms selling on installment plan:
A utom obiles___. . . ____ _ . . .
8
Other goods________ ___________
30
10
Individuals___ . _______________
24
Other.. __ _____ _
__________ . . .
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabili
ties _________ ____ __________________ $140. 29
118. 29
Increase in assets______________________
Increase in cash:
0
On hand___________ _______
_ ...
2. 61
In checking a c c o u n t.___ __________
13. 46
_
In savings account_ ______ ______
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own home
__ .
2.82
Other real estate (including real estate
. 18
m ortgages)..
_ . . . . _ _ __
.29
Building and loan shares____ _ ___
Stocks and bonds_______ _ _______ _
1. 33
Other property
... ...
.... _____
6. 44
Paym ent of premiums for insurance poli
cies:
Life in su r a n c e .____. . . . . . _ _ ____
84.10
Annuities____ _
__ _ _
5.85
1.21
Increase in outstanding loans to others.
Decrease in liabilities ._ . . . _______ .
22. 00
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
6. 42
down payment on own home. .
Paym ent on principal of other mortgages.
.70
Paym ent of debts to:
.16
Banks---- ---------- . . . ----- ------Insurance companies____ ___ _____
0
1.12
Small-loan companies . . . . . . . . .
Firms selling on installment plan:
3.28
A utom obiles____________________
5.54
Other goods______________________
2.00
Individuals ___________ _______ ..
2.78
Other___ _
______
___________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
51
82
104
85
54
74
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
0
10
0
0
11
0
0
6
0
2
10
0
1
2
2
1
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
50
2
0
77
4
1
99
10
1
79
7
0
46
5
0
63
15
2
0
0
4
1
4
3
4
0
2
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
2
1
2
3
2
7
1
7
0
10
1
6
1
6
1
3
2
2
2
3
1
4
3
2
$108. 69 $132. 65 $158.97 $129. 51 $123. 76 $168. 77
95.02 105.01 137.12 115. 63
89. 01 147.01
0
0
1.76
0
0
9.88
0
0
12.82
0
1. 71
5. 98
0
0
.76
0
0
0
6.10
.67
1. 25
5. 38
19.23
91.11
1.39
0
13. 67
83. 42
2.44
1.46
27.64
85.44
6.11
.24
21.85
0
0
4. 99
1. 58
0
0
0
5.12
.82
5. 33
2.40
0
0
0
19. 60
0
0
14. 52
0
15.88
18. 54
2. 56
.39
3. 64
0
0
0
0
.20
0
0
0
5.40
88. 99
4.48
0
13.88
67. 47
6.43
0
34. 75
84. 65
13. 50
5. 40
21. 76
4. 01
1.76
7.06
0
16.02
0
8.11
0
0
0
0
.69
0
1.72
0
0
0
0
0
.48
0
0
4.07
8. 89
6.80
.84
4. 54
0
9.69
.31
3.67
2.82
2.84
.24
.92
3. 67
6.24
4.63
3. 71
.68
4.16
3. 44
1. 30
0
0
0
166
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
BUFFALO, N. Y .—W HITE FAMILIES—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
$700
and
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r
F a m ily
U se
F r o m S ou r c e s Other T h a n F a m ily In c o m e
in Sch edu le Y e a r
Families in survey_________ .
___ --450
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
8
On hand_______________________ --_
2
In checking account___ __________
90
In savings account_______ ____
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mort1
gages)-------------------------------0
Building and loan shares___
_____
2
Stocks and bonds______ ____________
6
________ ..
Goods and chattels..
1
Other p ro p erty ___________ ____ . . .
Insurance policies:
14
Surrender.. ______
________
8
Settlem ent_______________ ____ _____
Receipts from outstanding loans to
0
oth ers.._
__________ . .. . . .
. .
Increase in liabilities:
1
Increase in mortgages on own home___
0
Increase in other mortgages____ _
Increase in debts:
3
Payable to banks . .. ----------- ..
16
Payable to insurance companies. . . .
22
Payable to small-loan companies____
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
24
A utom obiles______ _ ______ _
102
Other g o o d s ._ _ . . . _______
21
Payable to individuals________ _____
64
Other debts___
...
...
___
5
Inheritance— _
...
_______
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabili
ties_____ ____ ______ ____________ . . . $123. 35
68. 45
Decrease in assets_____ _______ _____ . _
Reduction in cash:
2. 12
On h a n d __ - - - - - - - _____ _ _ ___
.31
In checking account_________________
51. 95
In savings account_____ ________ ___
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mort
. 14
gages) —
0
Building and loan shares____ _____
1. 81
Stocks and b o n d s __________________
.36
Goods and c h a t t e l s ______
____
1.22
Other p r o p erty _________ _______
Insurance policies:
3. 40
Surrender______________ _ _______
7.14
Settlement _
_________
___ _ .
Receipts from outstanding loans to
0
o th ers... _______ _
____________
54. 90
Increase in liabilities______ _____________
1.28
Increase in mortgages on own home____
0
Increase in other mortgages______ . . . .
Increase in debts:
1.08
Payable to banks . ____ _ _ ___ .
3. 47
Payable to insurance companies_____
5. 02
Payable to small-loan companies _ . . .
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
11. 63
Automobiles . .. _ ______ ______
15. 63
Other goods______________________
5. 82
Payable to individuals_____ _______ .
10.97
Other debts_________ ____ ______ _ 9.13
Inheritance.. _ . . .
---------------- --Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
51
82
104
85
54
74
0
0
6
l
0
15
1
1
20
4
0
14
2
0
14
0
1
21
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
4
1
3
1
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
4
3
1
2
6
1
1
5
1
3
5
0
3
2
1
7
2
6
0
3
13
3
11
0
2
21
7
17
1
6
25
3
7
1
5
15
2
10
0
7
21
4
13
3
$63. 87
33.12
0
0
21.17
0
0
0
$84. 27 $102. 91 $112. 00 $174. 73 $211. 77
39.80
61.60
69. 94
93.20 114. 35
1.22
0
27. 46
. 19
.48
52. 85
6. 28
0
48.88
5. 56
0
60. 73
0
1. 22
96. 14
0
0
9. 26
. 18
0
.85
0
4. 26
.40
7. 43
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1. 27
9.80
5.51
5. 61
4. 56
3.28
4. 05
10.12
3. 58
13. 89
0
4. 05
0
30. 75
0
0
0
44. 47
7.01
0
0
41.31
0
0
0
42. 06
0
0
0
81. 53
0
0
0
97. 42
0
0
0
8. 43
1.65
0
3. 32
7. 92
2.88
2. 06
4. 38
.70
1. 22
5. 71
2. 30
5. 83
6.20
0
3. 04
3. 38
.25
5. 02
3. 43
11.97
0
3. 36
7. 07
3. 72
12.07
0
4.21
9. 14
8.99
9. 65
1.92
12. 32
15. 33
1. 78
5.00
4.30
22.50
33. 57
4.44
6.69
0
30.33
28.78
11.01
20.88
47.88
0
.88
0
.24
0
0
0
0
.61
TABULAE SUMM ARY
167
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
fami
lies
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Un- * $300
der
to
$300 $400
$400
to
$600
All
fami
lies
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
$600
and
over
D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the
S ch ed u le Y e a r N o t U se d fo r C u r r e n t F a m ily
E x p e n d itu r e
Families in survey___________________
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand______________________ ____
In checking account___ ____ _____
In savings account__________________
Investment in:
Improvements in own home. ____..
Other real estate (including real estate
mortgages)__
- . . . ________ .
Building and loan shares____________
Stocks and bonds—. ________ ______
Other p ro p erty ____________________
Payment, premiums, insurance policies:
Life insurance- . . . .
... ... . .
A nnuities...
____. . . . .
Increase in outstanding loans to others...
Decrease in liabilities:
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
down payment on own home______ _
Payment on principal of other mortgages.
Payment of debts to:
Banks. . . . ..
. . _____
Insurance companies____ . _______
Small-loan companies____ __________
Firms selling on installment plan:
A utom obiles____
.. _________
Other goods.
.
______
Individuals...
______ ____ ____ ___
Other___ _ _ _ __________ ______
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities- _ ._ ______
_______ ._
Increase in assets. ______ _______ _ _ .
Increase in cash:
On hand___ ____ _______ _ _____
In checking account.. ____ _______
In savings account____ _ _ . . ___ _
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own home. .. _ __ _
Other real estate (including real estate
mortgages)___ _ .
..
_____
Building and loan shares____ ______
Stocks and bonds_
_
_ _
Other property.. _. __ __________
Payment, premiums, insurance policies:
Life insurance... ___ _. . . . ____
Annuities___ __ _
_ __ __ ._
Increase in outstanding loans to others. __
Decrease in liabilities __ ______ ______
Payment on principal of mortgages and
down payment on own home
...
Payment on principal of other mortgages.
Payment of debts to:
Banks.
_ _ __ __ ________
Insurance c o m p a n ies___
.. .. ___
Small-loan companies_______________
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles_____ _
_____ ______
Other goods_. _______________
Individuals________ _ _ __ ________
Other___ ____________ _____ ________
153
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
1
1
11
1
0
1
0
0
5
0
1
4
0
0
1
5
3
11
1
0
2
4
1
4
0
2
5
10
4
2
2
2
9
4
2
3
3
1
3
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
13
0
1
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
6
0
1
130
1
2
52
0
0
39
0
0
30
1
2
9
0
0
143
2
6
71
0
3
45
2
3
27
0
0
14
1
8
1
0
0
3
0
3
0
13
0
10
0
1
0
2
0
1
2
11
0
0
8
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
6
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0
3
4
30
8
23
0
11
1
12
2
13
5
5
0
5
2
5
2
1
0
1
2
15
4
6
1
5
0
3
1
4
1
3
0
6
3
0
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
166. 76 136.99 122. 69 251. 27 299.12 143. 72 115. 79 127. 92 237. 58
110.64 85.48 89.96 167.10 194.00 114. 26 94. 25 95. 00 193. 69
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
53959°— 39------ 12
66
.23
1.13
13.81
.52 0
0
0
5. 76
0
1.12 12.87 45. 35
14. 60 15.44
6.67
.09
1.19
0
4.37
.21
.84
0
3.09
0
0
7.86
1.79
.82
9.81
1.89
0
3. 62
2.16 91. 62
10. 70
3.43
2.05 42.16
2.16
7. 89
0
1. 31
0
5. 33
0
0
0
10.86
1. 31 24.38
0
0
0
6. 47
24.41
0
0
0
1. 25 2. 31
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.79 0
.48 3. 40
8.24 27.68
72. 40 62.98 72. 75 84.49 94.52
.34 0
1. 72 0
0
. 18 0
0
.90 0
56.12 51. 51 32. 73 84.17 105.12
77. 33 78. 21 74.97 78.74
.60 0
1.97 0
1.85 1. 77 3.19 0
29. 46 21. 54 32. 92 43.89
12.68 14. 71
.75 1.75
12. 61 16.06
0
0
. 15 0
.84 0
6. 30 11.08
0
0
.50
.30
2.07
14. 03 49.90
0
0
0
3.80
.92
6.15 13.89
0
0
0
0
9.96
0
.50
2.95
0
0
.66
0
0
1. 63 0
1.59 10.73
5. 42 0
9. 25 0
36.68
15.29 12.90 16.84 22.59 3.24
2.12
.47 1.88 6. 92 0
12. 57 10.60 1.89 35.91 5.34
2. 99
6.02
1. 47
2.92
.28
3. 71
0
.83
9. 35 0
3.98 14.91
2. 00 4.36
8.22 0
168
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIES
C
Johnstown, Pa.—' ontinued
Item
All
families
Lancaster, Pa.—Con.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
U n $300
to
der
$300 $400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
F ^ m d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily U se F r o m
S o u r c e s Other T h a n F a m ily In c o m e in
S ch ed u le Y e a r
Families in survey______
________ _____
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On hand_____ __ ________________
In checking account. __ _ __ _ In savings account- _ - ______
Sale of property:
Real estate (inch real estate m tg.)____
Building and loan shares __ _ __ _ _
Stocks and b o n d s ___ _ _________
Goods and chattels. _______ ________
Other property __ ______ _______
Insurance policies:
Surrender_______ _ _ __ _
Settlem ent___ _______ ___ ________
Receipts from outstanding loans to others.
Increase in liabilities:
Increase in mortgages on own home
Increase in other mortgages ___ ___ __
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Payable to insurance companies
Payable to small-loan co m p a n ies___
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
Automobiles-_ _ _____
___
Other goods.. _______ ___ __ __ _
Payable to individuals. _ ______ __
Other debts. __ __ ________________
Inheritance___________ _____
_____
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabil
ities_______ ________________________
Decrease in assets. _ _ _______ ________
Reduction in cash:
On han d.. . ___ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _
In checking account _______
In savings account____ _ ______
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate
m ortgages)... _______ _ ______ _
Building and loan shares. _____
Stocks and bonds.._ .__ ______
Goods and chattels_____ ________ _
Other p ro p erty _______________ _____
Insurance policies:
Surrender. _ _________ _______ ____
Settlem ent___________ _____ _ _ _
Receipts from outstanding loans to others.
Increase in liabilities___ _____ __.
___ _
Increase in mortgages on own home_
_
Increase in other mortgages _______ _
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks___________________
Payable to insurance companies. _ _
Payable to small-loan companies_____
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
Autom obiles_____________
_ ___
Other goods.. ______ __ ___ __ _ _
Payable to individuals........ .................
Other debts_____ ____________ ____ _
Inheritance_____ ____________________
i Less than 0.5 cent.
153
66
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
0
5
12
0
1
6
0
4
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
6
10
24
4
3
10
1
1
6
1
6
8
0
3
3
4
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
2
2
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
9
2
0
0
0
6
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
1
0
6
5
2
3
1
0
2
0
0
1
3
1
0
1
1
29
3
3
18
1
1
10
1
0
1
1
2
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
8
8
0
5
3
3
2
2
0
1
3
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
1
4
0
0
1
1
0
0
5
41
7
73
0
0
13
3
41
0
1
17
3
22
0
3
8
1
7
0
1
3
0
3
0
1
37
14
29
0
0
17
12
16
0
0
13
1
9
0
1
7
1
4
0
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
160.07 127. 54 108. 60 214. 66 421. 88 117. 04 116.12 68. 54 193. 69
42. 01 14.30 23. 62 98.98 129. 95 76. 86 63. 71 44. 37 159. 53
0
3.58
14. 97
0
4.10
1.69
.56
. 11
0
0
0
0
11.92 0
0
0)
.40 33. 62 73. 36
6. 92
0
0
0
0
.26
0
3. 63
4.11
.60
0
0
0
0
41.92
2. 31 0
1.92 0
0
0
2.88 4.42 2.96
.42 0
13.54 2.70 0
59. 27 10. 48
.58 0
0
1.44 4.19
118. 06 113. 24 84.98 115. 68 291. 93
11.38
.80 0
23. 56 89. 29
0
0
0
0
0
.74 0
9. 21 19.74
6.83 4. 31
2.46 0
1.16 1. 79
6. 27 15. 75
0
0
0
7.89
0 2.59 27.80 23. 06
18. 77 10.48 25.02 20.80 36. 81
4. 41 5. 41 6.15 1.19
0
58.83 72.50 41.33 24.79 142. 77
0
0
0
0
0
4. 30 5.64 4. 08 1. 28
8.07 4. 68
.78 27.72
28. 52 21.81 11.15 71. 93
0
1.43
0
.78
2.79
0
0
0
1.03
5. 63
0
0
0
0
.70
0
7. 22
0
.25
0
17. 42 22. 49 18. 61 2. 91
9. 35 1.02 9. 05 30. 62
4. 20 1.41 0
17. 60
40.18 52.41 24.17 34.16
.67 0
.33
0
0
0
0
0
1.29
. 51
2. 26
0
1.02
4. 20
0
0
.58
6. 47
0
0
0
0
.46
.09
10. 91 9. 23 12.23 13.08
8.69 14.98 3.02 1.70
16.10 22. 31 8.34 12.45
0
0
0
0
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
169
TABULAR SUMM ARY
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for currentexpenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
M ANCH ESTER, N. H.—WHITE FAMILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
$300
to
$400
Under
$300
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the S ch edu le
Y e a r N o t U se d fo r C u r r e n t F a m i l y E x p e n d itu r e
_ _ __ _ _
Families in survey_______ ______
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand _ _ ___________
_______
In checking account___
_ ______ __ __ _
In savings account
________
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own home__
Other real estate (including real estate mortgages)---------------------------------------Building and loan shares _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Stocks and bonds______ ___ ____________
Other property__ _ ___ __________ _
Payment of premiums for insurance policies:
Life in su ra n ce____ ._ ___ _
Annuities
_______
_ __
Increase in outstanding loans to others
. Decrease in liabilities:
Payment on principal of mortgages and down
payment on own hom e. _ _ _ _ _ _
_ ___
Payment on principal of other mortgages_ _ _
_
Payment of debts to:
B anks_._
- __ __ ______
_ _ _
Insurance companies ____________ _
_ ___
Small-loan companies,
_ _ _ ______
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles. _ _ __ _____________ _
___ ___________ __
Other g o o d s ___ __
Individuals
_ ___ _________ ______ _
Other. _
_ _ _____ _____ _ _________ _
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabilities _
Increase in assets_____
______
___ _ __
Increase in cash:
On hand. _ _ _______ ______ _ ______ _._
In checking account___ _ _______ _ _ _ _
In savings account_______ _ _ _ _______
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own h o m e._ __ _
Other real estate (including real estate mort
gages) —
Building and loan shares _____ __________
Stocks and bonds ____________
_ __ __
Other property __ _______
___ _ _ ___
Paym ent of premiums for insurance policies:
Life insurance___
___
_ __ _ _ _ _ _
Annuities _ _ _ _ _ ________ ___ _____
Increase in outstanding loans to others ._ _ ___
Decrease in liabilities.. ______ __ ________ ____
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and down
payment on own hom e_______ __________
Paym ent on principal of other mortgages_____ _
Paym ent of debts to:
B a n k s.. _ _______ _ __ ___ _ ___ ___ __
Insurance companies___ __________
Small-loan companies____________________
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles. _ __ __ _._ _ ___________
Other goods______ _
_________________
Individuals ____ ______ __ _________
Other____ . _______ ______ ___________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
146
25
51
41
29
14
3
30
2
0
4
5
1
12
3
2
8
9
2
6
1
0
0
5
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
130
2
1
20
0
0
48
2
0
35
0
1
27
0
0
15
2
3
0
8
1
3
1
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
12
1
15
0
0
1
5
0
5
0
0
5
0
3
1
2
0
1
$197. 20
160. 04
$144. 23
104. 22
$234. 43
202. 75
$190.51
152. 40
$186. 77
143. 92
4. 29
2. 11
33.15
10. 78
0
3. 08
3. 33
0
26. 53
4. 03
2.12
53. 53
.75
7. 61
41.92
7. 88
3. 35
20.16
0
2.20
.99
19. 90
0
1
9
1
6
.94
0
.30
2. 84
56. 73
0
0
0
0
0
7. 48
0
. 29
0
0
0
0
0
87. 84
.26
1.42
37.16
87.01
0
0
40. 01
92.11
.75
0
31.68
78. 94
0
5. 07
38.11
93. 64
0
0
42. 85
15. 83
.88
22. 63
0
11.36
2.16
20. 32
.43
L 47
I.
0
0
.25
4. 21
1.32
6. 79
.40
7. 48
0
0
4.74
0
0
0
0
0
2. 31
15. 07
i
0
4.29
0
9.13
0
.88
1.06
0
0
11.35
0
10. 47
0
4. 95
6. 63
11.81
0
1.59
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
170
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W HITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
$300
to
$400
Under
$300
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le f o r F a m i l y U s e F r o m S o u r c e s
Other T h a n F a m i l y In c o m e in S ch edu le Y e a r
Families in survey--------------------- ------------Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On hand................... ............................................
In checking account............................................
In savings account________________________ _
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mortgages) __
Building and loan sh a res__________________
Stocks and bonds ______ ___________________
Goods and chattels________________________
Other property____________________________
Insurance policies:
Surrender_ __________________________
Settlement______ ____ _ __ _______________
Receipts from outstanding loans to others_____ _
Increase in liabilities:
Increase in mortgages on own home------------Increase in other mortgages__________________
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks-----------------------------Payable to insurance companies____________
Payable to small-loan companies_____ _ ___
Payable to firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles- _ _
-------- -------Other goods ___
_ .
_ . --------Payable to individuals.__
_____ _ _ _
Other debts_____________________
____
Inheritance. __ _ _ . _
________ .
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabilities.. _
Decrease in assets.. . . . . ___ ____ ______ _ . . .
Reduction in cash:
On hand.. ._ . . . . ---- ------------------In checking account______ _ _ ________ _
In savings account_______ . __________ .
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mortgages) _.
Building and loan shares_______ _____ ____
Stocks and bonds . . . _____________________
Goods and chattels___ _ _ . . . . . . _______
Other property. __ ______ ____ ____________
Insurance policies:
Surrender... . . . _______ _____ . . . _________
Settlem ent_______ ______ . . . __________
Receipts from outstanding loans to others_____ .
Increase in liabilities . . . .
. . . . . ____
Increase in mortgages on own h o m e .______ ..
Increase in other mortgages. _____ _ _______
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks_________ . . _________
Payable to insurance companies. ________ ._
Payable to small-loan companies____ ______
Payable to firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles---- . . . ------- __ -----Other goods___ . ------- --------------Payable to individuals-----------------------Other debts---------- ---------------------Inheritance................... ............................ ................
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455,
146
26
51
41
29
7
2
47
1
1
2
4
1
13
1
0
16
1
0
16
0
2
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
19
6
3
4
1
1
12
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
5
0
1
1
2
1
3
0
1
1
1
0
0
4
27
9
44
0
1
4
2
10
0
2
7
4
19
0
0
6
2
9
0
1
10
1
6
0
$178. 89
122. 02
$109. 04
58. 06
$204. 70
136. 95
$159. 95
120. 23
$220. 52
153. 41
6.14
.85
71.71
3.08
.35
16.83
11. 25
2. 26
88. 40
.69
0
68.28
7.48
0
94. 52
0
1.89
0
0
0
0
7.50
3.14
.35
1.41
0
0
0
3.63
0
30. 04
3. 11
0
67. 75
2.41
1.37
37. 49
0
39. 72
8. 43
34. 42
4.93
67.11
.75
3. 53
12. 47
0
0
0
2. 77
.88
.82
.40
0
0
0
0
0
16. 70
19.39
2. 36
56.87
.84
24. 26
5. 50
8.04
50. 98
0
0
0
3. 56
1.72
3.54
0
7.23
2. 92
3.11
.79
5.87
5.06
11.97
5.60
24. 58
10.00
6.69
6. 02
18.12
0
3. 95
8. 53
5. 23
37. 86
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8. 58
4.09
.22. 77
0
0
0
9.88
27.39
8.04
9.33
0
171
TABULAR S U M M A R Y
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A .- W H IT E FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700
and
over
D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the
S ch ed u le Y e a r N o t U se d fo r C u rren t F a m ily
E x p e n d itu r e
Families in su r v ey _______________________
498
82
108
96
70
82
60
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand________ ____________ _____
2
6
3
0
1
0
0
In checking account_________________
7
0
1
0
4
1
1
In savings account__________________
73
2
15
13
7
19
17
Investment in:
3
2
3
Improvements in own home.
....... .
23
4
7
4
0
0
Other real estate (incl. real estate mtg.)_
0
0
0
0
0
5
Building and loan shares____________
27
1
4
5
8
4
0
Stocks and bonds___________________
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Other property. _______ _ _. ............
0
0
0
0
0
Payment of premiums for insurance
policies:
469
93
78
68
98
53
79
Life insurance___________ __________
2
3
Annuities______ __________________
5
1
1
15
3
2
2
8
0
3
1
Increase in outstanding loans to others. __
0
Decrease in liabilities:
Payment on principal of mortgages and
12
10
down payment on own h o m e . . . _____
74
14
14
11
13
0
0
0
Payment on principal of other mortgages.
1
0
0
1
Payment of debts to:
B a n k s__________ _
_ __________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
Insurance companies...... ........ ...........
2
2
0
0
Small-loan companies_______________
4
0
0
Firms selling on installment plan:
2
2
2
0
6
0
0
Automobiles______________________
5
5
3
30
6
3
8
Other goods.. _____________ _____
2
4
2
2
11
1
Individuals_______ . . . _ . . . _______
0
1
2
1
3
4
Other________________ _____________
16
5
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabil
ities.
____ ___
__ _ ___ $195. 34 $122.80 $174.16 $180. 61 $219. 61 $186. 26 $316. 39
95.29 139. 95 140. 36 161. 92 151. 39 179.83
Increase in assets.. ____________________
141. 37
Increase in cash:
0
0
0
.93
1.90
On hand______ . . . ____________ . . .
1.98
.85
1.25
4. 86
3.38
16. 47
0
In checking account_____________ . . .
4.01
0
35. 31
25. 55
17. 02
49. 39
26. 87
24. 55
4.66
In savings account__________________
Investment in:
1.29
7.96
16.84
10.22
1.03
5.74
Improvements in own home_________
7.30
Other real estate (including real estate
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
m ortgages)... ___________________
3. 45
6. 67
16. 78
.75
9.47
5.98
Building and loan shares.._ ________
6.85
0
.82
0
0
0
0
Stocks and bonds... __ _________ _
. 14
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other property._
_ ______ . . . ____
0
Payment of premiums for insurance
policies:
84.91 101. 69
81.32
89.54
94.70 110.47
Life insurance______________________
92.99
4. 21
1. 52
1.60
.84
3.85
.26
Annuities ___________________ _
2.00
5.39
.78
.43
0
10. 66
0
Increase in outstanding loans to others...
2.68
57. 69
34.87 136. 56
34. 21
40. 25
27. 51
Decrease in liabilities__________________
53. 97
Payment on principal of mortgages and
25.01 108. 68
29.97
23.61
18.98
16.17
down payment on own home________
36.30
0
0
.99
0
0
0
Payment on principal of other mortgages.
.16
Payment of debts to:
2.03
0
.88
0
0
B a n k s.._ ________ _______________
0
.43
.95
3.54
.75
0
0
0
Insurance companies.. . ____________
.68
0
0
1.75
0
1.01
Small-loan companies_______________
.45
0
Firms selling on installment plan:
10. 32
0
4.00
0
1.78
0
Automobiles___ __________________
2.40
10. 13
3.00
9. 66
1.63
7.00
Other goods____________________....
5.78
4. 32
.23
2. 49
3.68
3.89
1.19
Individuals________________________
1.89
.31
3.09
8.11
7.78
7.05
.40
6. 71
Other___ __________________________
5.88
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
172
NO RTH
A T L A N T IC
REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level —Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$500
$400
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700
and
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m i l y U s e F r o m
S o u rces Other T h a n F a m ily In c o m e in
S ch ed u le Y e a r
Families in survey________________________
498
108
82
96
70
82
60
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On hand_____ ________ _____ ________
22
4
3
5
3
4
3
In checking account_________________
1
8
0
1
1
5
0
In savings account_____
_______
107
14
14
15
16
20
28
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mtg.) 1
0
0
0
0
1
0
Building and loan shares. ________ _
1
2
2
17
3
3
6
3
1
Stocks and bonds_____ _______ _____
0
0
0
2
0
Goods and chattels... _ _________ _
8
0
3
0
2
0
3
2
0
0
Other property___________________ _
0
0
2
0
Insurance policies:
66
20
11
8
11
Surrender_______ . . . ____________
9
7
17
3
3
1
1
6
S e ttle m e n t________________________
3
11
4
2
Receipts, outstanding loans to others___
0
1
4
0
Increase in liabilities:
2
7
1
1
0
_
Increase in mortgages on own home_
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in other mortgages____________
0
0
Increase in debts:
1
2
0
0
1
0
Payable to b a n k s __________ _. __
0
4
5
3
5
17
Payable to insurance com pan ies_____
0
0
26
3
5
9
5
0
4
Payable to small-loan companies ___
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
1
4
1
0
1
1
A utom obiles______ ______ _ . . . _
0
104
21
19
12
Other g o o d s __ _ __ __ _______ _
17
13
22
4
42
Payable to individuals ____________
7
7
4
17
3
14
69
29
7
Other debts ___ . . . _______ . . . _
7
7
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance_______ _____ ______ _________
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabil
ities. . ________
....
_______ $189. 31 $110.12 $128. 00 $137. 36 $175. 54 $187. 65 $430. 34
73. 70 115. 35 144.83 313.03
41.78
78.80
Decrease in a s s e t s ___ ____ ____ _
___ 121.60
Reduction in cash:
2.82
6.16
7.10
15. 57
2. 82
7.02
On hand _ __ ________ ____ _____
9.28
1.11
23.10
1. 62
In checking a c c o u n t___. . . _________
10.15
0
33. 52
3.16
52. 74
40.13
18.88
55. 31
18.27
71.24 131. 04
In savings account_____________ ____
Sale of property:
0
0
0
0
16. 50
Real estate (including real estate m tg.).
2.72
0
Building and loan shares
_________
12.05
1.50
8. 52
2.80
16. 37
11. 75
35. 83
9.02
3.30
0
4.78
0
20.69
0
Stocks and b o n d s ________ _______
. 34
.75
.07
1.75
. 72
.53
0
Goods and chattels____________ _____
0
0
0
0
1. 04
Other property____________ ________
. 17
0
Insurance policies:
11.53
14. 91
13.47
15. 21
7. 66
17.97
______ ._ _ _ ________
14.49
Surrender
9. 53
3.98
4.39
1.60
18. 53
63.98
16.08
Settlement
______________________
1.06
5. 32
1.70
.40
3.15
Receipts from outstanding loans to others.
1.89
0
68.34
49.20
63. 66
60.19
42. 82 117. 31
Increase in liab ilities___ ______________
67. 71
5. 47
3. 57
3. 75
9.03
0
52. 70
Increase in mortgages on own home____
12.40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in other mortgages . . . _______
Increase in debts:
0
.47
0
0
5.07
0
.70
Payable to banks___________________
6.54
1.79
2.10
6.16
0
1.25
Payable to insurance companies . . . . .
3.08
5. 65
9.23
10.81
3. 49
5.32
2.69
0
Payable to small-loan companies _ _
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
7. 66
1.39
0
1.09
.48
1.59
.76
Automobiles_______ ______ ______
7.92
8. 46
17. 33
15.70
17.26
30. 07
15.44
Other goods ._ _________ ________
5.84
16. 50
11.18
9.38
12.32
18.67
8.78
Payable to individuals. ____________
12.82
32.45
12.44
18.98
9.60
6.99
16.86
Other debts _______________________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance______________________ _____ _
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
173
TABULAR SU M M A R Y
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N EG R O FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
D isp o sitio n of M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the S ch edu le Y e a r
N o t U sed fo r C u r r e n t F a m ily E x p e n d itu re
Families in survey______ _______ ____ _ ___________
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand ____________ ____________________
In checking account__________________________
In savings account___________________ ______
Investment in:
Improvements in own home___________ _____ _
Other real estate (including real estate mortgages)-----------------------------------------Building and loan shares_____________________
Stocks and bonds______ _______ _ ___
___
Other property __ ________ _
____
Payment of premiums for insurance policies:
Life insurance. _________ ____ ____ . . . ______
Annuities________________ ________________
Increase in outstanding loans to others____ ______
Decrease in liabilities:
Payment on principal of mortgages and down pay
ment on own home ____________________ _
Payment on principal of other mortgages. ______
Payment of debts to:
Banks.. . . . _________ ____ _
_ ______ __
Insurance companies...... .................. . . . _____ _
Small-loan companies______ ______________
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles _ . . . _____________ _____ _
Other goods.
____________ _________
Individuals___. . . __ _______________________
Other________ ____ ___________ _____ _ ___
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabilities.
Increase in assets. ____________ _____ __ _ ._ .
Increase in cash:
On hand____ _ __________ ___ . . . ____ _
In checking account________________________ _
In savings account_______________ _ _ _ . . _
Investment in:
Improvements in own home__________
Other real estate (including real estate mort
gages) --------------------------- -----------Building and loan shares. ________
. _
Stocks and bonds__________________ _______
Other property . . . __ __ ___ . . . ___
Paym ent of premiums for insurance policies:
Life in su ra n ce.___ _ _________ . . . . .
Annuities___ ____ __ ___ _ ___ . . . .
Increase in outstanding loans to others___________
Decrease in liabilities. ______________ ___________
Payment on principal of mortgages and down
payment on own hom e.._ . . . ______ _ ..
Payment on principal of other mortgages. ._ .
Payment of debts to:
Banks. . . .
___ ..._ ----------------Insurance companies.._ ______
______ . . .
Small-loan companies________________ ______
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles______________ _____ ____ . . . .
Other goods. . __________________ __________
Individuals______________ ____ ______________
Other__________________ ____ ___________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
101
55
31
15
0
0
5
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
98
1
1
53
0
1
30
1
0
15
0
0
14
0
4
0
5
0
5
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
19
2
6
0
12
1
1
0
3
1
3
0
4
0
2
$120. 29
82. 57
$106. 70
78. 97
$137. 55
88.73
$134.52
83.07
0
0
5. 70
0
0
7. 53
0
0
10. 76
0
0
0
.23
0
0
1.56
2. 50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8.15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
73. 84
.24
.06
37. 72
71. 33
0
. 11
27. 73
79. 79
.79
0
48. 82
70. 75
b
0
51.45
16. 23
0
9. 96
0
18.31
0
34.92
0
0
0
.54
4.00
10. 36
1. 61
4.98
0
0
0
0
10.74
.40
6.63
0
0
.68
0
0
2. 25
13.04
8.43
4.53
3.83
0
12.98
0
1.30
174
NORTH
A T L A N T IC
REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N E G R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m i l y U se F r o m S o u r c e s
Other T h a n F a m i l y In c o m e in S ch ed u le Y e a r
Families in survey___ ___________ _________ ____
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On hand_____
______________________
In checking account________________ ________
In savings account_______
_________________
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mortgages).. ..
Building and loan shares__________________ . . .
Stocks and bonds______ _ _______ ________
Goods and chattels____________ . . . . . . ______
Other p ro p erty ______
. . . ___ ____________
Insurance policies:
Surrender____ _____ . . . . . . . . . . -------------Settlement____ . . . .._ . . . --------------. . .
Receipts from outstanding loans to others ______
Increase in liabilities:
Increase in mortgages on own home______ . . . . . .
Increase in other mortgages. _________ ______ ____
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks--------------------- ---- . . .
Payable to insurance companies___ _____ ______
Payable to small-loan companies____ _____ . . .
Payable to firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles_ _____________ _____
_
___
Other goods---------------------- -------. . .
Payable to individuals_______ _______ _________
Other debts__________________ ______________
Inheritance----- ------------ --------- -----------Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabilities. . . . _
Decrease in assets _____________________________
Reduction in cash:
On h a n d ____ . . . _ . -----------. . . ..
In checking account.
_ ..
------ ----In savings account_________ _____ ____ ________
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mortgages).
Building and loan shares____________________
Stocks and bonds________________________ . . .
Goods and chattels..
___________________
Other property________________________ ______
Insurance policies:
Surrender. . ----- -- ------------------------Settlem ent_______ _____
. . . _______ ______
Receipts from outstanding loans to others
----Increase in liabilities_______ _______ . . . ---------Increase in mortgages on own home______ _ ___
Increase in other mortgages___________________ _
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks-------------------------------Payable to insurance companies. --------------Payable to small-loan companies------ -------Payable to firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles_______________________________
Other goods____ _ . _________ __________
Payable to individuals_______ _______
____
Other debts_________________________________
Inheritance. _______________ __________ _______ _
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
101
55
31
15
0
0
11
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
1
2
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
11
1
0
5
0
0
5
0
0
1
2
30
4
39
0
0
14
3
25
0
0
10
1
8
0
2
6
0
6
0
$84. 34
19. 82
$68.16
6. 69
$89. 98
34.80
$132.09
37.04
0
0
14. 99
0
0
4.05
0
0
23. 73
0
0
37.04
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.17
0
.66
64. 52
7.31
0
2.64
0
0
61. 47
13. 42
0
8. 92
0
2.15
55.18
0
0
0
0
0
95. 05
0
0
.58
0
9.13
1.06
0
7. 95
0
0
12.60
0
0
6. 31
6. 25
13.12
4. 17
23. 96
0
0
9. 11
2. 34
, 27. 59
0
0
19.60
9. 43
13. 55
0
42.09
14.45
0
32.20
0
TABULAE SU M M A R Y
175
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$700
and
over
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the
S ch ed u le
Year N o t
U sed fo r C u r r e n t
F a m i l y E x p e n d itu r e
Families in su rvey.. ______ ____________
346
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand. _________________________
8
In checking account______________ .
10
In savings account.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
34
Investment in:
Improvements in own home. __
12
Other real estate (including real estate
mortgages). ______
_ _______
0
Building and loan shares ___ ____
13
5
Stocks and bonds_____ __ _ ___
Other property_______ ___________
6
Payment of premiums for insurance
policies:
Life insurance____________ __ ___
328
Annuities _____________
___ _____
7
Increase in outstanding loans to others. _
10
Decrease in liabilities:
Payment on principal of mortgages and
38
down payment on own home _______
2
Payment on principal of other mortgages.
Payment of debts to:
4
Banks________________ ______ _ _
2
Insurance companies. _ _______ _
Small-loan companies.
. . . ______
8
Firms .selling on installment plan:
1
Automobiles. __________ ______
41
Other g o o d s . . __________________
10
Individuals_____ ________ ___ _
Other____ ___________________ __
11
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabil
ities______________ _ ______ _____ _ _ $178. 03
Increase in assets___ ____ _ __ ________ _ 137. 31
Increase in cash:
1.32
On hand
_. ____________________
In checking account. ._ _______ _
2.69
13. 33
In savings account.. ______________
Investment in:
4. 45
Improvements in own home____ _ _
Other real estate (including real estate
0
mortgages)
___
._ _________ _
4. 61
Building and loan shares
________ _
2. 30
Stocks and bonds---- ------- . . . ___
.24
Other property. _________________
Paym ent of premiums for insurance
policies:
104.16
Life insurance____. . . ______________
Annuities _____ _______ ______ _
1.10
Increase in outstanding loans to others. _
3.11
40. 72
Decrease in liabilities_
_ ________
Paym ent on principal of mortages and
22. 33
down payment on own home— _____
Paym ent on principal of other mortgages .
.73
Paym ent of debts to:
B a n k s... _______ _____ _____ _______
.43
Insurance companies--------- -- _. . . .
.11
2.04
Small-loan companies..
_________
Firms selling on installment plan:
.24
Automobiles. ________ _______
9.54
Other goods___ __________________
Individuals___________ _______ __
3.16
2.14
Other______ _______________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
75
76
65
54
38
38
2
1
2
2
3
10
1
1
6
3
2
6
0
1
6
0
2
4
3
2
0
4
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
2
0
2
1
0
0
1
2
2
0
4
0
1
0
2
2
1
71
0
0
76
1
3
59
2
1
50
1
3
36
3
2
36
0
1
9
0
7
1
8
0
8
1
4
0
2
0
2
0
3
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
12
3
6
1
12
3
1
0
5
0
1
0
3
2
1
0
4
1
0
0
5
1
2
$135. 88 $182. 24 $161. 37 $230. 09 $155. 66 $229. 65
105. 69 137. 50 128. 25 174. 59 129. 24 169. 91
1.97
.09
1.22
10. 63
.35
2.10
13. 33
. 14
.82
16. 98
5.06
4. 80
15. 94
0
1.35
10. 37
0
10. 49
30. 22
1.67
0
5.88
7.88
0
3. 63
0
.42
0
5.13
1. 31
0
0
2.19
6. 70
.67
0
12. 60
0
. 10
0
9. 51
9. 17
.27
91. 40
0
0
30.19
112. 59
.63
2.78
44. 74
99. 43
2.69
1.75
33.12
123. 47
1.26
8. 62
55. 50
93. 02
2. 36
1. 56
26. 42
104. 26
0
5. 99
59. 74
9.48
0
16.16
1.82
26. 30
0
44.97
2.11
17.17
0
26. 25
0
.47
0
2.60
1.49
.14
4. 87
0
7.69
4. 07
5.88
1.08
16.39
2. 40
.39
0
0
0
.38
0
0
0
0
0
2. 35
0
0
0
6.63
0
.19
0
3.23
1.58
1.26
0
6. 37
2. 47
0
0
0
.41
0
. 72
0
16. 59
11.24
4. 94
176
NO RTH
A T L A N T IC
REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
$700
and
over
Funds M a d e
A v a ila b le fo r
F a m ily
U se
F r o m S ou r c e s Other T h a n F a m i l y In c o m e
in S ch ed u le Y e a r
346
75
Families in survey___ - --------------- ----76
65
54
38
38
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
13
4
1
On hand ---- ------- ----------------3
1
2
2
8
1
In checking account______________ _
2
1
1
1
2
61
In savings account
_____
6
9
16
13
8
9
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mort3
0
1
gages)--- -------------------------1
0
1
0
7
2
Building and loan shares ______ _ _
1
1
2
1
0
5
0
2
Stocks and bonds________
__ . __
0
0
1
2
14
1
Goods and chattels. ---- ---------1
2
2
2
6
5
1
1
Other property.. ----------------- _
0
1
1
1
Insurance policies:
27
Surrender. _______ ___________ __ _
8
8
2
5
3
1
10
3
2
Settlement- _ ___ ________
______
3
0
2
0
6
Receipts from outstanding loans to others0
0
3
1
0
2
Increase in liabilities:
9
1
5
Increase in mortgages on own hom e____
1
0
1
1
1
1
Increase in other mortgages..- __ _
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in debts:
3
3
0
Payable to banks___________________
0
0
0
0
20
7
5
Payable to insurance companies______
2
3
2
1
10
3
2
Payable to small-loan companies.- ___
0
2
1
2
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
8
1
2
Automobiles- _ _
_ - _ __ _
2
1
1
1
112
16
Other goods____ __
_ _
28
21
22
15
10
22
61
12
Payable to in d iv id u a ls___ _ _____
7
11
4
5
122
Other debts. _______ _ _ ___ _
_
36
29
12
20
14
11
0
Inheritance-- ___ ________ ____ ________
0
0
0
0
0
0
""
—
~
=
--- — ' = :
.— ■
~
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabil
$163. 70 $145. 61 $137. 86 $139.17 $189. 53 $226. 41 $193. 67
ities___ ___________ ___
____
72.85
Decrease in assets
___ ____________
40. 31
37. 08
70. 38 100. 86 118. 77 127. 26
Reduction in cash:
3.17
Onhand__
___ __________ _ __
4. 38
.37
7. 53
.39
1.87
4.19
_
3. 53
In checking account.________ _
3.04
1.48
2.11
.31
8. 24
11.46
34.95
In savings account. ________ ____
6.91
17.92
25. 38
68. 92
62. 12
65. 30
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mort
gages)___ ____________ _
___ .
2.95
0
.37
11. 61
0
6.29
0
Building and loan shares. ______ .
3.08
7. 21
.75
1. 75
5. 48
1. 50
0
Stocks and bonds___ _ ___________
1. 27
0
1. 62
0
0
3.15
5. 15
Goods and chattels___
_ _________
3.84
1. 52
.06
1. 31
3. 27
1.68
23. 31
Other p ro p erty _______ ___ _ ____
1.18
.19
0
.91
.82
0)
8. 22
Insurance policies:
Surrender_____ _______________ ____
12. 57
9.81
6. 66
3.22
16.09
17. 69
5. 15
Settlement___
___ __________ _
7. 65
4. 68
7. 66
17. 38
0
15. 41
0
Receipts from outstanding loans to others.
1.42
0
0
1.89
3.69
0
4. 48
Increase in liabilities. __ ______________
90.85
105. 30 100.78
88. 67 107. 64
68.79
66. 41
Increase in mortgages on own home. ___
6.16
1. 06
21.87
1.80
0
4. 04
3. 15
Increase in other mortgages______ _____
.12
.55
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks___________________
3.16
.69
0
0
0
0
0
Payable to insurance companies_____
5.05
5.81
10. 69
2. 37
1.90
6.29
.08
Payable to small-loan companies ___
3.89
5. 86
3. 86
0
6. 35
2. 47
4. 61.
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
Automobiles. ____ _____________
4.77
2.03
2. 59
4. 02
14. 75
4. 72
1.64
Other goods. ___ _ . — ______
25. 61
12.16
17.99
26.28
28. 06
54. 52
33. 83
Payable to individuals______________
11.58
17.16
11.36
4.31
18. 58
9. 36
5. 75
Other debts_______________ _________
32.98
57. 51
32. 42
30.01
19.03
26.24
17. 35
Inheritance____________ _____ __________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
TABULAR SU M M A R Y
177
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
E co n o m ic le v e l—
F am ilies sp en d
ing per expendi
t u r e u n i t per
All
year
fami
lies
$600
Under $400
to
and
$400
$600
over
Portland, Maine—White
families
E c o n o m ic l e v e l —
F a m ilie s s p e n d
ing per expenditure u n i t per
All
year
fami
lies
$600
Under $400
to
and
$400
$600
over
D is p o s itio n oj M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the
S ch ed u le Y e a r N o , U s e d jo r C u rren t F a m ily
t
E x p e n d itu r e
13
___ _
__
97
49
35
153
Families in survey_____
66
50
37
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
1
1
0
0
On hand. _ ____________________
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
In checking a c co u n t____________ __
0
0
1
8
2
5
5
In savings a c c o u n t ___ ________
19
6
8
Investm ent in:
0
0
0
0
2
2
Improvements in own home_ _____
_
6
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other real estate (incl. real est. mtg.)_
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
Building and loan shares _ ___ . . .
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Stocks and bonds____
__________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other p ro p erty___
___________
Payment of premiums for insurance
policies:
95
48
34
13
137
...
47
33
Life insurance . . . ________ _
57
2
1
1
2
0
6
0
4
Annuities . ___ ___. . . _______
1
0
1
1
1
0
3
1
Increase in outstanding loans to others.
Decrease in liabilities:
Payment on principal of mortgages
6
4
2
6
8
0
19
5
and down payment on own hom e___
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
Paym ent on principal of other m tg...
Paym ent of debts to:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
__________ ____ _
Banks ... _
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Insurance companies ______ ____ _
1
0
0
0
1
0
3
5
Small-loan companies..
__ _ _
Firms selling on installment plan:
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
1
Automobiles. __ ____________ _
21
11
1
11
8
3
9
22
Other goods _ ____. . . _____ _
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Individuals____
_______ _
6
3
0
6
3
3
0
15
O ther...
. . . _______
_ .
Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
$105.84 $111.64 $106. 24 $82.90 $170.41 $133.16 $175.71 $229.64
bilities _ _____ _______ .
75.73 78. 57 73.14 71.99 127.59 99.93 131.95 171.04
Increase in assets.
____________ . . .
Increase in cash:
0
0
2.16
0
1.09
0
0
0
On hand__ _____________________
0
0
2.18
4.32
0
0
0
0
In checking account . . .
. ______
2.92
1.98
4.57
2.04
15.80
8.66 11.31 34.62
In savings account.. . . ___________
Investment in:
6.76
0
0
0
0
13.02 12.76 18.00
Improvements in own home.
Other real estate (including real
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
estate mortgages)___ _______ .
0
4.86
0
0
0
0
1. 25
Building and loan shares . ___ _
.18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Stocks and bonds_____
...
_ _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other property______ _______ _____
Payment of premiums for insurance
policies:
68. 52 69.07 67. 21 69.95
Life insurance. _________ _______ _
91.03 77.35 100.11 103.14
2.03 20.85
.82
1.04
.82
0
0
Annuities ___________ _ __ __ . . .
5. 71
.81
.50
.20
.54
0
0
.78
Increase in outstanding loans to others .
.98
30.11 33. 07 33.10 10.91
42.82 33.23 43.76 58. 60
Decrease in liabilities_
_ _______ _____
Payment on principal of mortgages
12.96 18. 83
9. 56
0
21.46 12.15 19.98 40.07
and down payment on own home___
.36
0
0
0
0
0
Payment on principal of other mtg
0
.09
Payment of debts to:
0
0
0
0
0
Banks___
_________ ______ _____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Insurance companies
__ _______
.11
.81
0
1.20
1.64
1.50
Small-loan companies__ _________
0
0
0
0
1.49
Firms selling on installment plan:
0
3.36
0
0
1.73
Automobiles____________ _ ____
0
0
1.45
8.78
16.23 12.64 23.54 10.10
9. 69
6.93 14.00
Other goods..
___ ____ _________
0
Individuals______ . . . . . . _
0
0
1.31
3.03
0
0
0
4.92
8.19
Other.
________ ________ ________
.81
0
1.60
0
7.05
8.03
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
178
NORTH
A T L A N T IC
REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families—C ontinued
Item
E co n o m ic le v e l—
Fam ilies sp en d
ing per expendi
t u r e u n i t per
All
year
fami
lies
$600
Under $400
and
to
$400
over
$600
Portland, Maine—White
families—C ontinued
E c o n o m ic le v e l—
F a m ilie s s p e n d
ing per expenditure u n i t per
All
year
fami
lies
$600
Under $400
to
and
$400
$600
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le f o r F a m ily U s e F r o m
S o u r c e s Other T h a n F a m ily In c o m e in
S ch ed u le Y e a r
Families in survey______________________
153
97
49
35
66
13
50
37
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On hand__________________________
4
3
3
0
2
0
1
1
In checking a cco u n t_______________
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
In savings account______ _______
20
3
14
3
33
6
12
15
Sale of property:
0
Real estate (incl. real estate mtg.)- 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Building and loan shares _ _______ _
0
0
2
1
0
Stocks and bonds___
__ ___ _
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
Goods and chattels.. ________ _____
0
0
0
4
1
1
2
0
0
Other property_____ _____________
0
0
0
0
0
0
Insurance policies:
6
2
Surrender - _____________________
11
4
0
17
3
3
1
0
0
1
3
0
Settlem ent.. _ ___________________
1
2
Receipts, outstanding loans to others..
1
1
1
0
0
3
1
1
Increase in liabilities:
1
1
Increase in mortgages on own home___
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in other mortgages_____ ___
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks____ _______ ____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Payable to insurance companies____
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
2
2
Payable to small-loan companies___
13
2
0
0
7
4
Payable to firms selling on install
ment plan:
3
1
A u to m o b ile s ..______ ___ _
2
3
0
7
1
3
37
15
23
16
6
57
19
Other goods __________ _______
15
17
8
Payable to individuals. __ _________
2
5
4
7
1
0
_.
40
45
21
Other debts.. ________
12
6
13
22
11
0
0
0
2
1
Inheritance____ _______ __________
0
0
1
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in lia
. . __
$97. 33 $77. 89 $116. 46 $119.10 $135. 57 $106. 36 $131. 54 $193.06
bilities ________ _______ . . .
Decrease in assets____________ ______
37.24 19.69 62. 72 34.74
77. 44 64.50 70. 60 109. 73
Reduction in cash:
4. 04
7. 99
0
0
...
______________
9.88 16. 97
7.03
1.08
On hand___
3. 82
.33
0
In checking account____________
7.56
0
0
1.00
0
In savings account___ _ _________
24.99
2.18 57. 76 22.70
38. 89 10.80 47. 64 77.17
Sale of property:
0
0
0
_
0
0
0
0
0
Real estate (incl. real estate m tg .)_
Building and loan shares _ ________
0
0
0
5. 52
6. 97
0
7.68
0
0
0
0
Stocks and bonds__________________
0
0
0
.20
.81
0
Goods and chattels.. _____________
0
0
0
1. 85
.61
.30
6.15
Other property------------------0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Insurance policies:
2.23
14. 71 26.88
.88
4.96
0
Surrender________________________
4.00
7.49
1. 61
0
0
0
12.04
4.30
.95 16.49
Settlem ent., ______ . . _________
Receipts, outstanding loans to others
.55
1.08
2.27
0
0
1. 76
.54
2.00
60.09 58.20 53.74 84.36
58.13 41. 86 60.94 83. 33
Increase in liabilities_________ _______
Increase in mortgages on own home___
.68
1. 35
0
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in other mortgages___________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks___ ________ _____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Payable to insurance companies____
2. 52
0
0
0
0
3.70
5.41
0
1.58
9. 53 15.78
Payable to small-loan companies____
.98
1.94
7. 61
0
0
Payable to firms selling on install
ment plan:
3.44
3.03
4. 34
2.93
2. 89
1.40
6.05
0
Automobiles. _ _ --------- -----25.54 22.20 26. 36 30. 39
19. 79 12.16 23. 76 37.86
Other goods. --------------------1. 76
0
1. 41
2.00
3. 92
4. 62
5.10
6.00
Payable to individuals--- ------- -17. 61 13.29 15.01 28.82
31.13 37. 43 18.83 40.50
Other debts. _ . . --------------- -3.03
0
11.11
3.99
0
0
0
0
Inheritance___________________________
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
179
TABULAR SUMM ARY
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Rochester, N . Y.
Item
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
Economic level—Fam i
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per year
All
fami
lies U n
$300 $400 $600
der
to
to
and
$300 $400 $600 over
D is p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the
S ch ed u le Y e a r N o t U se d fo r C u r r e n t F a m i l y
E x p e n d itu re
. . . __ _________
Families in s u r v e y ___
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand____ _ __ __ ______________
In checking account. ________ ____
In savings account______ ____ _ __
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own hom e_________
Other real estate (incl. real est. mtg.)._.
Building and loan shares__ _______ .
Stocks and bonds___________________
Other property_________ ___________
Payment of premiums for insurance
policies:
Life insurance___ _ . . . ______
Annuities______ . . . _ __ __________
Increase in outstanding loans to others. _
Decrease in liabilities:
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
down payment on own home. _
_ .
Paym ent on principal of other mortgages.
Payment of debts to:
Banks.. ___________ _______ _ . . .
Insurance companies____ ____ . . .
Small-loan companies____
____
Firms selling on installment plan:
Autom obiles____ ____ _ __ _
Other goods___________ _______
Individuals________________ _ ~ .
Other____________________________
301
96
115
91
231
9
5
44
2
0
8
3
19
4
4
17
14
1
1
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
2
1
4
5
276
14
8
6
4
1
107
3
83
7
213
3
4
37
56
85
1
2
4
3
5
1
2
0
0
2
1
3
1
1
2
3
1
4
1
0
0
0
7
13
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
5
2
6
16
4
56
0
5
1
18
26
9
1
6
6
1
1
2
16
4
D o l.
D o l.
1
1
4
4
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
35
1
2
1
1
0
1
0
4
1
1
D o l.
0
0
3
0
0
1
40
95
0
1
6
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
3
4
58
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
D o t.
Average amount of funds disposed in:
D o t.
D o l.
D o t.
Increase in assets and/or decrease in liabiliities_____________ ___________________ 174. 04 131. 22 188. 42 205. 02
Increase in assets.__ . . . _______________ 140. 72 110. 27 148. 82 166. 73
Increase in cash:
On hand___ _
. . . _______
1.30 2.15
.70 1.16
In checking account___ __ ___ . . .
1.99 0
2.13 3. 90
In savings account___ _ . . . _______
27. 96 14.04 31.17 38. 44
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own home_________
5.61 2. 30 7.97 6.09
Other real estate (incl real est. m tg.)—.
0
0
0
0
Building and loan shares____________
0
0
0
0
1.84 0
Stocks and bonds----------- ---------3. 01 2.29
Other p ro p erty ___________________
.05 0
0
.18
Paym ent of premiums for insurance
policies:
Life insurance__ __ _ _ . . .
__ _____ 99.06 89.43 102.30 109.44
2. 56 1.30 1.49 5. 23
A nnuities______ _ _________ _____
Increase in outstanding loans to others. _
.35 1.05
.05 0
Decrease in liabilities. _____ _ ______
33. 32 20. 95 39.60 38.29
Paym ent on principal of mortgages and
down payment on own hom e________ 16.84 7.90 23.07 18. 31
0
0
Paym ent on principal of other mortgages.
0
0
Paym ent of debts to:
0
0
0
0
Banks . ______. . . ________________
.21 0
Insurance companies. _. _____
0
.68
Small-loan companies_______________
.81
.77 1.68 0
Firms selling on installment plan:
4. 58 0
4.96 8.89
Automobiles_________________ ____
2. 44 1.94 3.18 2.03
Other goods______________________
.96 1.93
.77
.17
Individuals.. ____ . . . .
_ ...
Other...... ............................. ........... ..
7.52 7. 50 7. 62 7. 40
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
1
2
8
0
28
38
1
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
1
2
1
4
0
8
2
1
D o l.
D o l.
148. 76 113. 82 153. 39 155. 50 159. 35
123.87 86.10 136. 43 125. 03 138. 87
1.09 0
1.00 0
1.93
7. 35 23.86
0
2. 65 0
1.26 0
9.11 22.80
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14. 89
3. 51
1.09
.29
0
0
4. 82
5. 58
2. 65
0
0
1.68
0
0
99. 79 78. 21 105. 82 99. 01 113. 43
.36
.30 0
.96
.35
1.85
.24 0
4.42 0
24.89 27. 72 16. 96 30. 47 20. 48
9. 97 17.05
1.91 3. 53
.09
.65
2. 57
.24
4.90
3.43
1. 13
9. 82 11.42
1.45 0
0
.35
0
0
2. 59 .02
1.47 0
1.27
1.03
.78
3.16
1.93
.23
0
1.59
1.80
0
9. 37
4.53
1.76
0
5. 59
0
0
8.11
0
.28
5. 26
1.24
180
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
W H IT E FA M IL IE S
Rochester, N. Y.—Contd.
Item
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Scranton, Pa.—Continued
Economic level—Fam i
lies spending per ex
All
penditure unit per year
fami
lies U n $300 $400
$600
der
to
to
and
$300 $400 $600 over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m i l y TJse F r o m
S o u r c e s Other T h a n F a m i l y In c o m e in S ch ed
u le Y e a r
Families in s u r v e y ________ ______________
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On h a n d __________________________
In checking account___________ _____
In savings account________ __________
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mtg.) _
Building and loan shares____________
Stocks and bonds..
_____ _______
Goods and chattels.
_____ _ ______
Other property ___ _________________
Insurance policies:
Surrender____________ __ .................
Settlem ent___ ______________________
Receipts from outstanding loans to others.
Increase in liabilities:
Increase in mortgages on own home____
Increase in other mortgages____________
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks--- --------------- __
Payable to insurance com panies..........
Payable to small-loan companies_____
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
Autom obiles------------------------Other goods------- ----------------Payable to individuals_____ _________
Other debts_______________________
Inheritance___________________ _________
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in liabilities
Decrease in assets____ _________ ______ _
Reduction in cash:
On hand_______ ____ _____________
In checking account_______ _____ _
In savings account___ ______________
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mtg.)_
Building and loan shares__________ _
Stocks and bonds___________________
Goods and chattels__________________
Other p ro p erty ____________________
Insurance policies:
Surrender__________________________
Settlem ent__________
____________
Receipts from outstanding loans to
others____ _
__ . _ . . . . . . ______
Increase in liabilities__________________
Increase in mortgages on own h o m e ___
Increase in other mortgages____________
Increase in debts:
Payable to ban ks... _ ___________
Payable to insurance com panies.. . . .
Payable to small-loan companies_____
Payable to firms selling on installment
plan:
Automobiles____ _. ________ ____
Other goods______________________
Payable to individuals______________
Other debts____________ ____ _______
Inheritance__________ _________________
3
5
33
5
2
6
1
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
3
4
0
0
1
5
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
7
18
2
0
2
1
2
8
46
4
2
8
45
0
7
30
9
52
1
0
0
D o l.
0
D o l.
1
1
1
5
2
2
0
4
70
29
63
0
40
0
0
9
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
2
0
0
1
0
0
9
0
0
1
0
2
2
1
0
1
2
0
2
1
2
6
6
17
4
24
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
7
3
24
5
2
1
2
1
0
1
4
7
D o l.
95
5
3
2
1
11
2
0
58
0
0
0
0
19
71
38
0
1
0
0
1
3
19
14
231
7
26
29
0
0
1
2
1
1
2
2
0
1
0
91
0
2
18
0
0
D o l.
115
1
0
1
9
73
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
3
3
3
3
2
1
1
24
0
1
28
9
3
5
0
D o l.
D o l.
D o !.
D o l.
D o l.
0
0
0
0
0
0
.48
0
0
.10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2. 80
0
0
0
165. 54 139. 54 160. 53 199. 05 146. 63 93. 64 121 86 152. 66 218. 53
.
84. 59 66.09 74.31 116. 92 76. 89 36. 30 48.15 73. 61 164. 89
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
95
301
.62 1.96 0
0
3.20 25. 06
8. 80 0
50.28 30. 78 51. 37 69. 28
0
0
1. 97
2.26
.37
0
0
2.05
.58
.52
0
0
2.90
.47
.53
0
0
.71
6.28
0
17. 33 26. 98 13. 96 11.52
2. 25 3. 22 1.88 1.71
1.77 0
7. 04 0
0
50. 85 15. 58 35. 99 60. 71 82. 49
9.62 20. 72
12. 64 0
.24
2.99 12.19
0
0
2.54
73.00
0
2. 36
1.43 0
2.13
.47 4.06
86.22 82.13 69. 74 57. 34 73. 71 79.05 53. 64
4. 77 3. 47
1.21 .71 0
2. 65 0
5.10 0
1.09 0
0
2. 65 0
0
2.04 1. 71
1.63 0
5. 79 0
1.01
4. 77 4. 82 9.84 10.41 0
10.13 19.14 0
3. 67 2.06 2 57
.
3.69 0
9.15 3.39 0
.71 0
80. 95 73. 45
5. 34 7. 82
1.95 0
1. 30
6.32
2.72
9.02 1.31 4. 47 22.82
14.85 13. 32 13.69 17.93
5. 41 4. 37 6.49 5.13
34.04 38. 19 42.78 18. 66
0
0
0
0
2. 38 3. 39 0
1.30 7. 45
18. 37 8. 41 19. 51 20. 53 21.04
11.89 8. 63 13.92 12. 42 10. 77
19. 07 36.20 15. 21 16. 97 13. 37
0
0
0
0
0
181
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.—W HITE FAMILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under $400 $400 to $600
$600 and
over
D i s p o s itio n o f M o n e y R eceived D u r in g the Sch edu le
Y e a r N o t U sed fo r C u r r e n t F a m ily E x p e n d itu r e
Families in survey________ _ _____ _ _______ __
Number of families disposing of funds in:
Increase in assets:
Increase in cash:
On hand _
__________ _________________ _
In checking account_____________ ___________
In savings account....................... _ _____ _____ _
Investment in:
Improvements in own h o m e _________________
Other real estate (including real estate mortgages)---------- ----------------------------Building and loan shares_____________________
Stocks and bonds___ _________ ___________
_________ _ _______
Other p ro p erty_____
Payment of premiums for insurance policies:
Life insurance____
_________ _____ ______
___ ________
Annuities
__ ____________
Increase in outstanding loans to others______ _ _
Decrease in liabilities:
Payment on principal of mortgages and down pay
ment on own home____ _ .. __________
_
Payment on principal of other mortgages...
__
Payment of debts to:
B anks.. . _ __ . . . . . . . . . . . _________ .
Insurance com panies.. . . . . . ____________ _
Small-loan companies_ _ _________________
_
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles_____________ _________________
Other goods_______________________________
Individuals_______________ ______ _____ . . .
Other --------- -------- --------------------Average amount of funds disposed in:
Increase in assets and/or decrease in lia b ilities___ _
Increase in assets________________ _. ---------- _.
Increase in cash:
On hand ________________________ _______
In checking account___________ . . . _______ .
In savings account_________ ___________ ____
Investm ent in:
Improvements in own home_______
______
Other real estate (including real estate mort
gages) —
Building and loan shares. . ________ ________
Stocks and bonds___. . . . __ _ ._ __________
Other property . . . .
. . . . .. . ______
Payment of premiums for insurance policies:
Life insurance_______________ ________ ______
Annuities _______ _ __________________ . . .
Increase in outstanding loans to others___ _______
Decrease in liabilities______ __ __ . .
.. _____
Payment on principal of mortgages and down pay
ment on own h o m e _____
_ __ . . . _______
Payment on principal of other mortgages________
Paym ent of debts to:
Banks------ -- -------------------------------Insurance companies_________ ________ ____
Small-loan companies________________________
Firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles ______________________________
Other goods------------ ---------------Individuals _______ _______________________
Other--------------- ---------------------- -----N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
248
81
6
0
1
0
6
1
1
0
0
1
66
2
0
2
0
7
5
1
1
2
1
7
0
29
6
1
5
1
1
216
3
0
8
1
0
2
0
0
0
3
1
0
4
92
58
4
0
0
0
9
4
0
1
2
3
0
1
9
0
2
2
2
0
0
2
1
$125. 32
93. 89
$146. 73
113. 26
$171. 25
142. 92
6
2
2
15
4
1
14
1. 46
3
0
15
2
5
$146. 45
115. 07
68
99
4
.29
5
.46
4. 29
0
0
6. 53
8.60
4.08
7. 62
.74
1.71
.27
.03
2. 28
0
0
0
1. 51
0
0
0
90. 32
2. 38
78. 58
1.15
92. 35
101. 34
7.31
31.38
31. 43
33. 47
28. 33
11.41
3. 27
11. 31
6. 34
14. 82
.97
6. 58
2. 98
2.13
1. 41
.50
.28
1.07
1. 54
.93
2. 34
.89
4. 49
.75
6. 53
6. 10
.43
0
0
0
11. 63
0
2. 89
. 10
0
1.40
2.06
7. 43
0
5
14. 86
0
0
0
1.10
7. 79
0
5. 52
0
17. 35
4.03
.98
0
0
2. 57
2. 74
6. 93
182
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
4.— Disposition of money received during schedule year not used for current
expenditure, and funds made available for fam ily use from sources other than fam ily
income in schedule year, by economic level— Continued
T able
SP R IN G F IE L D , M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under $400 $400 to $600
$600 and
over
F u n d s M a d e A v a ila b le fo r F a m ily U s e F r o m S ou rces
Other T h a n F a m i ly In c o m e in S ch edu le Y e a r
Families in survey________ ______________________
Number of families receiving funds from:
Decrease in assets:
Reduction in cash:
On hand __________________________________
In checking account__________________________
In savings account___ _______________ ____
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mortgages) __
Building and loan shares________________ ____
Stocks and b o n d s . _____ _______ _______
Goods and chattels. ___________________ . . .
Other p ro p erty________________________ . . . .
Insurance policies:
Surrender. . . ------------- -------------------Settlement _ ____________ ____ . . . _______
Receipts from outstanding loans to others
... _
Increase in liabilities:
Increase in mortgages on own home_____ ________
Increase in other mortgages. _. _ __________ ____
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks------------------------ -------Payable to insurance c o m p a n ies._____________
Payable to small-loan companies ________ _ _
Payable to firms selling on installment plan:
Automobiles _____ . . . --- -- ------------Other goods
...
_.
. . . . . _. .
Payable to individuals . . . ________ . . . .
Other debts___ . . . ____ ______ _____ _ . . . .
Inheritance____ . . . _____________ . . .
Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets and/or increase in lia b ilitie s_____
__________ ____
. . .
Decrease in assets
Reduction in cash:
On hand
______
_ _ _ _ _ _ --------___
In checking account _ __ _______ . . . _____
In savings account___ __ ___ _______ ____
Sale of property:
Real estate (including real estate mortgages) _ _
Building and loan shares. _______ _ _ ___ ___ _
_______________
Stocks and bonds__________
Goods and chattels_________
____ _______
Other property_______________ _____________
Insurance policies:
Surrender _______ _ ___ ------------------ __
______
__ _ __
Settlem ent____ _ .
Receipts from outstanding loans to others ______
Increase in liabilities___ ____ _______ _ _ __
Increase in mortgages on own home. ____
_ __
Increase in other mortgages_____________________
Increase in debts:
Payable to banks---------- ------------------ -Payable to insurance companies. -------------Payable to small-loan companies
___________
Payable to firms selling on installment plan:
______________ ___ ___
Automobiles______
Other goods________ __________ _______ _ _
Payable to individuals _____________ ______
Other debts___ ___ _________ _____ _______
Inheritance_____ ___________ ________ ____ ____
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 455.
248
81
99
68
7
5
44
3
0
8
2
2
20
2
3
16
2
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
1
2
0
14
5
4
10
1
0
4
2
2
0
2
2
2
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
3
6
18
2
3
9
0
1
7
1
2
2
6
46
21
47
0
0
15
10
23
0
2
21
8
11
0
4
10
3
13
0
$132. 82
84.05
$102. 40
46.14
$107.04
72.08
$206. 58
146. 64
5.87
5. 77
50. 01
12. 52
0
10.11
1.91
4.00
48.16
3. 71
15.23
100.22
0
6.28
0
0
0
8.23
0
.82
.49
0
6. 52
1.98
3.23
34.96
1.85
0
0
16.10
1.84
59. 94
7. 31
0
2.26
2. 51
.23
.13
0
0
0
0
0
0
9. 33
6.15
1.79
48. 77
2. 74
0
20. 60
2.91
0
56. 26
0
0
.36
2.54
7.03
.57
3. 43
6. 91
5. 39
10.08
6.01
14. 62
0
0
10. 94
8. 25
26.16
0
0
.63
7.00
.64
4.28
7.20
4.10
8.07
4.84
8. 47
0
13. 67
11.98
5. 03
9. 83
0
TABULAR SUMM ARY
183
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level
BOSTON, M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
A 11
A ll
Item
fami
lies
$600 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over
D istr ib u tio n b y O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
and b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey_______________ _____ _
Number of families in which chief earner is —
Clerical worker---------------- ---------Skilled wage e a rn er _______
___ _ ___
Semiskilled wage e a rn er________________
Unskilled wage earner_________ _____ ___
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife------------------------- ----Man, wife, and 1 child 2_________ ________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2___ ___ __
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2_____ _
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons)2___________ ._______
__ __
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)2 ___________ _____ _ __
Man, wife, and 1 adult_______________ ___
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults_____________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults_______ _
Adults (2 or 3 persons, not including man
and wife)----------------- ------------Adults (4 or more persons, not including
man and w ife)________________________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons,
not including man and wife) _-----------Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons, not including man and wife)---
516
30
101
117
112
91
33
16
113
133
196
74
2
1
19
8
19
19
41
22
28
32
41
16
28
25
38
21
19
31
38
3
6
4
5
65
116
12
5
4
1
0
10
24
34
3
23
14
34
6
10
12
29
2
12
9
14
0
62
3
4
9
18
17
7
2
2
33
39
46
3
0
3
1
0
1
4
0
5
5
5
12
8
8
1
3
3
0
3
1
3
1
2
3
0
7
9
12
0
52
13
11
12
9
7
0
0
0
11
0
1
1
3
1
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
3
0
2
1
0
0
4
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
314
45
2
7
14
14
7
71
5
7
26
19
2
0
1
4
0
0
2
0
0
2
57
15
0
1
1
4
3
14
1
0
5
71
13
2
0
4
2
1
17
1
1
4
64
8
0
4
2
4
1
16
1
4
5
61
4
0
1
1
1
2
12
1
2
6
22
2
0
0
1
1
0
3
1
0
3
8
0
0
0
1
2
0
5
0
0
0
12
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
516
4.29
30
2.80
101
3.88
117
4.18
112
4.34
91
4.60
33
4.93
16
5.87
16
5.25
104
1
22
28
0
0
1
1
17
0
8
5
23
0
4
4
19
1
5
7
22
0
1
4
17
0
1
3
4
0
1
1
2
0
1
3
4.00
1. 29
2. 71
3.64
2.80
.37
2.43
2.63
3.61
1.31
2.30
3.26
3.89
1.50
2.39
3.48
4.12
1.37
2.75
3.73
4.30
1. 39
2.91
3 93
4.18
1.11
3.07
3. 92
5.46
1.40
4.06
5.03
5.08
.57
4. 51
5.22
0. 30
(3)
0.28
0.30
0.24
0.32
0.76
0. 44
0.23
68
7
16
9
2
4
5
3
0
6
16
7
6
1
4
4
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
7
1
D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker___
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States__________ _ -------_ -----Italy----------------------------------Germany_____ _________________________
Poland_____ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ _ _
Russia____ ______ ___
_ ---------____
Canada (not French)_____ _
England_______ ___ ___ ___ _ ___ _ --Ireland--------- __ -------------- ---Sweden------------------------ ---------- _
Canada (French)------------------ ----Other___________ ______ _____ ___________
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households____ ____________ _
Average number of persons in household____
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers,
-----------------Boarders only _ -------------------------Lodgers only------------------- ---------Other persons___ _______________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons _ _ ___________________________
Under 16 years of age__________________
16 years of age and o v e r _______________
Expenditure units _____________________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fam ily_____________
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L.S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
3 Less than 0.005 person.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
53959°— 39-
■13
184
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
$600
to
$900
$900 $1,200 .$1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Families in survey________----Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners----N et earnings from -boarders and
lodgers_______________________
Other net rents------- ---- --Interest and dividends---- -----Pensions and insurance annuities. _
Gifts from persons outside economic
family______ _ . . .
. . --Other sources of income--------- .
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses) ------- ----Surplus (net increase in assets and/
or decrease in liabilities)-------Deficit (net decrease in assets and/
or increase in liabilities)___ ____
Inheritance___ _
___ . . .
Average number of gainful workers
per family--- . . . ----------------Average amount of—
N et family income--------------Earnings of individuals---------Chief earner-------------------Subsidiary earners. __ . ---Males: 16 years and over...
Under 16 years--------Females: 16 years and over---Under 16 years______
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers _ ___________ . . .
Other net rents------ . . . . . ._.
Interest and dividends _______ _
Pensions and insurance annuities.
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family______ _______ .
Other sources of incom e._______
Deductions from income (busi
ness losses and expenses)______
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)------------Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)_.. _______ .
N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey---Inheritance___ _
___
516
30
101
117
112
91
33
16
16
135
7
13
21
33
20
14
11
16
122
45
30
16
1
0
1
0
22
7
6
2
26
9
1
2
25
11
11
6
24
12
7
3
18
2
2
1
4
2
0
1
2
2
2
1
73
12
0
0
22
0
19
4
14
2
8
1
7
2
2
2
1
1
45
1
5
20
8
4
5
1
1
329
11
62
71
78
62
22
11
12
167
3
17
0
34
0
44
2
30
0
25
1
10
0
4
0
3
0
1.36
1.24
1.16
1. 21
1.39
1. 31
1. 54
2.22
2. 67
$1, 571
1, 474
1,302
172
1,255
(4)
219
0
61
8
2
12
-2
125
0
44
5
1
7
50
10
1
7
56
8
2
22
0
0
(4)
10
6
10
0
8
2
9
4
-2
-2
69
79
1
0
(4)
48
71
11
1
6
174
6
2
16
111
13
0
37
63
20
36
42
4
54
25
7
74
8
6
-1
-1
-7
(4)
-4
120
141
224
247
403
(4)
202
186
252
160
187
216
188
211
418
+14
2
-87
0
-43
0
-12
5
+ 33
0
+ 37
2
+ 92
0
+117
0
+224
0
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
$786 $1,064 $1,354 $1,643 $1,907 $2, 226 $2, 529 $3,158
999 1,278 1,543 1,815 1,956 2,287 2,987
785
757
967 1,198 1,392 1,655 1,676 1, 511 1,583
32
151
160
28
80
280
776 1,404
493
827 1,152 1,385 1, 560 1,682 1, 734 2,137
1
0
0
0
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
172
292
158
255
126
274
552
850
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
185
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
BU FFA L O , N . Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net in
come of—
Item
All
fami
lies
$600 $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 over
D istr ib u tio n b y O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r a n d by
F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey._____ ______ :........................... .
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker.........................................................
Skilled wage earner. ___________ _____ _________
Semiskilled wage earner_______________________
Unskilled wage earner. _________ ___________ __
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife.......................................... ..................
Man, wife, and 1 child 2_______ _____ ____ ______
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2 ________________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2 . . . . . . . . . . .
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons)2.
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more
persons) 2_________ _______ ________ __________
Man, wife, and 1 adult........ .................. ................
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults...... .................. ............
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults________________
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife) _
Adults (4 or more persons not including man and
wife)_________________ _________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not
including man and wife)________ ____ ________
Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons
not including man and wife)................. ......... .
450
19
97
120
105
81
18
10
113
114
154
69
3
0
6
10
21
13
41
22
25
28
54
13
33
25
32
15
22
37
17
5
5
7
2
4
4
4
2
0
106
81
94
1
50
5
3
2
0
1
34
18
15
0
11
30
25
32
0
9
18
27
19
1
13
14
6
24
0
11
3
1
1
0
5
2
1
1
0
0
11
40
21
1
32
0
1
0
0
7
0
6
1
0
9
2
12
2
1
6
4
9
7
0
4
5
9
4
0
5
0
3
4
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
6
0
1
1
0
2
0
2
4
0
1
0
2
1
0
0
3
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
D istr ib u tio n b y N a t iv it y o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no hom em aker...........
Number of families having homemaker born in—
United States____________________ _____ . . . _
Italy____ _____ ________ _ . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Germany______________ . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _
Poland___ _______________________ _____
Russia____________________________ _______
Canada (not French) _. ______
___ _ __ _ _
England____ _____ ___ ___________ _ _ ______ _
Ireland_________. . . . . . _ ______ ____________
Sweden__________ __________________________
Other___________ _____________________________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
355
11
27
19
2
12
4
7
1
12
14
1
0
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
72
7
5
6
1
2
1
1
0
2
98
1
6
3
0
4
0
3
1
4
85
1
8
3
0
1
1
2
0
4
61
0
7
4
0
4
2
1
0
2
16
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
450
3.65
19
2.93
97
3.31
120
3. *6
105
3.89
81
4.14
18
3.83
10
3.86
78
1
7
22
1
0
1
0
19
0
1
4
15
0
2
2
22
0
1
8
17
1
1
5
2
0
0
2
2
0
1
1
3.45
0. 96
2.49
3.17
2.80
0.48
2. 32
2.56
3.09
0.82
2. 27
2.84
3.34
0.96
2.38
3.03
3. 65
1.11
2.54
3.35
3.92
1.23
2.69
3.57
3.66
0.50
3.16
3. 46
3. 55
0.40
3.15
3. 32
0. 21
0.15
0.23
0.13
0. 26
0.28
0.19
0.33
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households__________________________
Average number of persons in household. .................
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers—. _______ ________________
Boarders only_________________________________
Lodgers only...................................................... ........
Other persons_________________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total.........................................................
Under 16 years of age..................................... ........
16 years of age and over........................................
Expenditure units...................................... ...............
Average number of persons in household not mem
bers of economic family__________ _____________
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,”
B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
186
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Income level—
-Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
$600
to
$900
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
450
Average amount of—
N et family income______________________
Earnings of individuals.. ________ _ _ .
Chief earner___ _______________ _____
Subsidiary earners______
________
Males: 16 years and o v e r _________
Under 16 years_______ . . . ..
Females: 16 years and over__________
Under 16 years_____________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. .
Other net rents______________ _______
Interest and dividends________________
Pensions and insurance annuities______
Gifts from persons outside economic
fam ily.. . . . _______ __________ _ . . .
Other sources of income .. ._ _ _______
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)___________________ ..
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
ties) ______ _________________________
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
ties)__ _
___ . . . __ ______________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey.. __________________
Inheritance____
. . . ______________ . . .
4
97
120
105
81
18
10
4
2
0
1
0
0
1
12
19
8
4
2
7
1
18
17
7
10
3
12
1
26
20
7
8
7
4
1
19
17
15
9
4
3
5
12
1
5
3
2
1
0
5
2
1
3
0
1
0
69
2
10
23
20
9
2
3
299
11
64
75
73
58
12
6
142
5
1.24
7
0
1.21
31
1
1.14
40
1
1.17
32
1
1.30
23
1
1.27
5
1
1.72
4
0
1.60
$1,496
1,438
1,342
96
1,300
0)
138
0
31
10
3
9
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
19
96
78
43
38
18
28
9
Families in s u r v e y _________ ___________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___
Other net rents___ _ __________________
Interest and dividends__________ _____ _
Pensions and insurance annuities_______
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income___ ___ ____ ____
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_________________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_______ _ _______
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)____ ___________ ___
Inheritance______________
___________
Average number of gainful workers per family.
$809 $1,070 $1,339 $1, 626 $1,919 $2, 242 $2, 678
795 1,022 1,303 1, 564 1,833 2,119 2, 565
770
998 1,262 1,459 1,712 1, 619 1,997
25
24
41
121
105
500
568
529
915 1, 242 1, 421 1,717 1,801 1, 645
0
0
0
0
0
(4)
0
107
266
61
143
116
318
920
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
34
10
21
37
46
5
35
0
7
7
6
18
44
3
1
1
2
3
1
61
(<)
4
0
4
15
6
67
0
5
4
0
4
3
5
7
(4)
3
2
4
10
8
0
40
0
-6
-4
-3
-1
-2
-26
45
69
83
143
179
207
305
201
96
171
179
267
213
295
136
+17
9
-9
0
-9
3
-8
2
+18
27
+68
6
+ 56
11
+129
0
-4
121
(4)
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
187
5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
JOHN STO W N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
153
38
49
33
20
13
45
34
34
40
3
4
8
23
14
10
16
9
13
14
5
1
7
4
3
6
8
2
2
1
21
23
36
2
15
6
1
9
0
7
3
13
11
1
3
4
5
10
1
3
7
2
4
0
2
1
2
2
0
0
20
10
11
0
7
3
3
4
0
1
8
2
2
0
5
4
2
1
0
1
1
2
1
0
0
4
1
3
0
0
$1,800
and
over
D istr ib u tio n by O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r a nd by
F a m ily T y p e i
Families in survey____________ ______
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker__________ ______________
Skilled wage earner----------- --------- __ _ _
Semiskilled wage earner__________ _
___
Unskilled wage earner___ _______________ _______
Number of families composed of—
M an and wife______________________ _____ _ ___
Man, wife, and 1 child_____ __________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children___________________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children___ _______ _
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons) __
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more
persons)_____________________________________
Man, wife, and 1 adult_________________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults________ ____ _ __ ___
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults___________ __ __
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife) _
Adults (4 or more persons not including man and
w ife)_______________________ _______________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not in
cluding man and w ife)_______________ _____
Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons not
including man and wife)______________ _______
3
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
3
0
1
1
0
D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker________ _
Number of families having homemaker born in—
United States__________________________ ____ _
Italy__________________________________________
Germany_____________ ______________ ________
Poland_______________________________________
Ireland____________ __ ------------------------Other________ __ __ __ __________ ___________
0
0
0
0
0
0
130
3
4
6
1
9
29
0
0
5
1
3
42
2
2
0
0
3
29
0
1
1
0
2
18
1
0
0
0
1
12
0
1
0
0
0
153
4.42
38
4. 30
49
4. 36
33
4.83
20
3. 84
13
4. 90
14
0
4
1
2
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
5
0
1
0
3
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
4. 30
1. 52
2.78
3.87
4.21
1. 33
2.88
3.86
4. 29
1. 60
2. 69
3. 73
4. 62
1.93
2. 69
4.18
3. 67
0. 91
2. 76
3.38
4. 75
1. 58
3.17
4.78
0.13
0.11
0.05
0. 22
0.17
0.23
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u seh o ld
Number of households________
__ ___ _ __ __
Average number of persons in household. ________ _
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers_______________ _______ ____
Boarders only____ ______ ______
________
Lodgers only ___ ________ _ _________
Other p erson s___________
_ _ __ __ _______
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total_____________ ______ ______ _ __ _
Under 16 years of age____
___________ _____
16 years of age and over____ ___ ----------- __.
Expenditure units.__ ______________ ________
Average number of persons in household not mem
bers of economic family---- --------------------- --
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
“Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
188
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
JO HNSTOW N, P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
153
38
49
33
20
13
38
17
15
8
9
11
16
16
3
3
2
1
1
3
5
4
5
4
5
8
4
5
5
3
1
1
0
5
7
3
3
1
1
1
4
5
2
1
0
1
1
0
$1,800
and
over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey___________________ _______._
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers__________
Other net rents_________________________________
Interest and dividends__________________
___
Pensions and insurance annuities___
_______ Gifts from persons outside economic family_______
Other sources of income____ ____ _____ ____ _____
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
penses) ------ ------------------- -- - Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities) _ _________________________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in
liabilities)____________________________________
Inheritance_______
. . . . . . ------ ------- ---Average number of gainful workers per family. . . _
11
2
4
4
0
1
87
12
28
22
15
10
62
0
1. 34
24
0
1. 52
20
0
1.14
11
0
1. 23
5
0
1. 48
2
0
1. 65
$765
728
667
61
634
1
93
0
11
6
(<)
12
2
12
$1,020
971
943
28
877
0
94
0
4
9
1
29
9
6
$1, 320
1,271
1,185
86
1,168
0
103
0
21
8
1
(<)
0
23
$1,605
1,516
1, 312
204
1,408
5
103
0
36
9
1
11
10
22
$2,082
1,901
1,599
302
1, 739
0
162
0
30
2
0
147
2
0
-6
-9
-4
0
84
72
127
216
176
184
207
301
217
-85
0
-34
0
+ 16
0
+ 87
0
+280
0
Average amount of—
$1,188
N et family income. . ________
--------- -Earnings of individuals____
__ ___ _ 1,125
Chief e a r n e r ...________ . . . . ---------- __ ._ 1,031
94
Subsidiary earners.. . _ .. -----------------Males: 16 years and over.. --- _ --------1,022
1
Under 16 years__________________ . .
102
Females: 16 years and over..
_____
0
Under 16 years._.
. . . ------- . . .
16
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers---------Other net rents___ ______________ ___________
7
1
Interest and d iv id e n d s .__________ ______ ____
Pensions and insurance annuities___ _. _ . . . _
26
Gifts from persons outside economic family_____
5
13
Other sources of in c o m e .______ . . . ------- . . .
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
-5
penses). _ . . . ___ . . . . . ------------ . . .
_
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities). ----- -----151
Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in
195
assets and/or increase in liabilities)_______ __ _
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families in
+7
survey . . . . . _______________________________
0
Inheritance________________________ ________ ___
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
(<)
408
TABULAR SUMMARY
189
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
L A N C A ST E R , PA .—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
D istr ib u tio n
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
151
22
47
39
18
14
11
28
34
65
24
3
1
14
4
5
10
21
11
6
10
19
4
5
8
3
2
6
4
3
1
3
1
5
2
37
19
24
0
4
5
4
0
12
9
8
0
10
3
7
0
5
1
1
0
6
1
3
0
0
0
1
0
16
0
6
3
2
2
3
8
17
10
0
1
5
0
0
0
5
2
0
3
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
0
1
0
2
2
3
0
14
3
3
5
3
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
141
1
6
3
19
0
0
3
45
0
2
0
38
0
1
0
15
1
2
0
14
0
0
0
10
0
1
0
151
3.87
22
3.40
47
3. 71
39
3.80
18
3.88
14
4.07
11
5.42
37
1
8
14
3
0
1
1
13
0
4
4
11
1
1
4
3
0
1
1
3
0
1
3
4
0
0
1
3. 53
0.88
2.65
3.26
3.18
0.84
2. 34
2.89
3. 31
0.80
2. 51
3.00
3. 43
1.00
2.43
3.20
3.68
0.88
2.80
3.45
3. 67
1.01
2. 66
3.44
4. 96
0. 67
4.29
4.76
0. 37
0.23
0. 44
0. 38
0.23
0.44
0.48
$2,100
and
over
b y O ccu p a tio n of C hief E a r n e r
and b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey___ _ _ _ _
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker, _ ____________ _
Skilled wage earner_______ _____ ________
Semiskilled wage earner___ ____ _ , ___
Unskilled wage earner_________ _______
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife____ _____________ ____ _
Man, wife, and 1 child ____ _____ _____
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 ch ild ren ________ _
Man, wife, and 5 or more children_______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons). ___ _____ _____ ____ _ _ _
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons) ________________ _ _
Man, wife, and 1 adult______________ _
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults, __________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults________
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife)________________ ___
___
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and wife)_____
_______ _____
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons
not including man and wife)___________
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and w if e ) ___
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity of H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker, __
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States_____ ______ _
______
Ita ly ----------------------------- ___
Germany... ______
. . . ____
Other _ . . . ________ . . . ______ ______ ...
C o m p o sitio n of H o u se h o ld
Number of households_____ _____ _____
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers.. ___ _ __________
Boarders o n ly .. ___ . . . __ _______ _
Lodgers only_____________
___ ______
Other persons. ___ ___ _____ . . . ___
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___ . . . ________ _ ______
Under 16 years of age._ _ ___ _______
16 years of age and over ----------- __
Expenditure units__________ _________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family---------------
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
“Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
190
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
L A N C A STE R , P A —W H ITE FA M ILE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
151
22
47
39
18
14
11
61
43
9
14
2
29
17
4
3
0
1
0
2
0
11
17
1
3
0
11
1
14
12
5
6
0
8
8
13
4
1
2
0
2
3
8
4
1
1
1
3
3
11
3
1
1
1
3
2
$2,100
and
over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Families in survey----_. _ _______________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners_________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers--Other net rents_________________________
Interest and dividends. _________ ______
Pensions and insurance annuities____
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income________________
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses) _ ___________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_________________ .
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)________ ____ ______
Inheritance.— ___________ . .
Average number of gainful workers per family.
3
0
0
1
1
0
1
96
6
34
26
12
8
10
54
0
1. 54
16
0
1.22
13
0
1.26
12
0
1. 37
6
0
1.97
6
0
1.71
1
0
3.12
$775
759
725
34
634
0
125
0
14
0
(4)
0
$1,051
974
914
60
865
0
109
0
66
2
2
0
$1, 332
1,213
1,112
101
1, 028
0
185
0
44
9
9
0
$1, 635
1,546
1,174
372
1,128
0
418
0
30
11
1
0
$1, 896
1, 751
1,317
434
1,460
0
291
0
50
19
4
17
$2, 495
2,343
1,295
1,048
1, 755
2
586
0
87
2
1
4
2
0
6
1
24
35
2
46
14
41
16
45
0
0
-2
-1
0
-3
40
65
95
110
239
301
Average amount of—
N et family income— __________ ______ $1, 336
Earnings of individuals_______ _
_ 1, 244
1,034
Chief earner___________________ . . .
210
Subsidiary earners _________________
Males: 16 years and o v er.______ _ . . .
1,024
Under 16 years. ------------(4)
...
220
Females: 16 years and over___ _
Under 16 years . ____ ._
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers —
48
Other net rents ______ _ _ _____ _ _
6
Interest and dividends. .
---- -------4
Pensions and insurance annuities._ . . . .
2
Gifts from persons outside economic
11
fam ily--- ------ --------- ---22
Other sources of incom e.. . . . . ___ _
D eductions from income (business losses
and expenses) _ ___________________
-1
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
116
bilities)_______ _____ _______
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
132
ties) _____ _______ _
_______ _ . . .
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+27
families in survey. --------------------0
Inheritance.______________________ _____
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
160
86
124
199
122
32
- 10 6
0
+23
0
+25
0
+7
0
+ 85
0
+270
0
TABULAR SUMMARY
191
T able 5.— Description of families studied, by income level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
146
16
37
40
26
18
9
18
44
74
10
1
4
8
3
4
9
23
1
7
10
22
1
4
8
10
4
2
8
7
1
0
5
4
0
36
16
21
1
8
0
1
0
8
9
3
0
9
5
6
1
6
2
9
0
5
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
20
0
3
7
4
3
3
9
12
18
0
0
6
0
0
3
2
5
0
2
2
3
0
0
0
3
0
2
2
4
0
2
0
3
0
0
$2,100
and
over
D istrib u tio n b y O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey______________________
Number of families in which chief earner
is—
Clerical worker._______________________
Skilled wage earner______________
___
_ ________
Semiskilled wage earner____
Unskilled wage earner___ ____________
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife__________________________
Man, wife, and 1 child 2___________ ____
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2
__________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
persons) 2____________________________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons) 2_________ _____________
Man, wife, and 1 adult__________
_ ...
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____
_____
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults_______
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife)-------------------------------Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and wife)________________________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons not including man and wife)______
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and wife)____
8
1
4
3
0
0
3
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
81
1
3
8
4
1
4
1
31
10
8
1
0
2
1
0
0
0
3
1
19
0
3
2
2
0
1
1
6
3
27
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
6
2
13
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
8
2
10
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
1
146
4. 21
16
2.89
37
3.80
40
4.33
26
4.23
18
4.65
9
6.78
34
5
2
5
3
1
0
0
9
2
0
2
7
1
2
1
3
1
0
1
9
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
3.83
0.96
2.87
3.55
2. 61
0. 27
2.34
2.40
3.41
0.83
2. 58
3.16
3.93
1.27
2.66
3.60
4.03
1.12
2.91
3.76
3.85
0.69
3.16
3.65
6. 51
1.37
5.14
6.20
0.42
0.27
0.39
0.41
0.23
0.18
0.37
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker. __
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States__________________________
Ita ly __________ _____________________
G erm any______
. . .
_
_ _ .
Poland________ __ __________________
Canada (not French)----- _ ----------England_____________
. . . ____
Ireland______________________ . ---Sweden_________ ____ . . . ------- ------Canada (French). . . __ ---------------Other_____________ __________ _____ . . .
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households___ . . .
__ _ _ _ _
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers---------------------Boarders only____________ _
_ _ ...
Lodgers only____ ___________ __________
Other persons__________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total__________________________
Under 16 years of a g e . . . ___________ . .
16 years of age and over-----------------Expenditure units______________________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family---------------
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,”
B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
192
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
146
16
37
40
26
18
9
86
40
13
10
3
16
4
4
4
0
0
0
1
0
17
11
5
5
0
4
0
27
10
1
2
1
5
1
19
4
5
1
1
1
3
10
8
1
1
0
4
0
9
3
1
1
1
1
0
$2,100
and
over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Families in survey____________________ ___
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners....................
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___
Other net rents. ______________________
Interest and dividends------- . . . ----Pensions and insurance a n n u itie s.--- . . .
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income___ _______ _ .
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)---------------------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities). ._ _ ___________ _
Inheritance_______ . . . ._ _____________
Average number of gainful workers per fam
ily—
3
0
0
0
1
1
1
87
7
18
26
18
12
6
56
0
9
0
18
0
13
0
7
0
6
0
3
0
1.86
1.27
1. 54
1.83
1.88
2.07
3.82
$740
696
675
21
582
0
114
0
39
0
0
0
$1,075
980
837
143
754
0
226
0
70
19
2
0
$1, 348
1,245
951
294
947
3
295
0
83
1
1
10
$1, 610
1, 572
1,106
466
1,133
0
439
0
17
13
4
1
$1,899
1, 805
1, 346
459
1, 411
0
394
0
82
4
7
0
$2, 596
2,494
1,205
1, 289
1, 452
0
1,042
0
55
5
5
27
5
0
4
0
8
1
4
5
0
10
0
0
0
0
-2
-4
51
84
104
155
284
209
160
213
142
106
160
-95
0
-37
0
-1
0
+ 69
0
+154
0
+117
0
Average amount of—
$1, 405
N et family in co m e_________________
Earnings of individuals________________ 1, 324
985
Chief earn er_______________________
339
Subsidiary earners_______ _____ _____
980
Males: 16 years and over___________
1
Under 16 y e a r s__________ ._
343
Females: 16 years and over.................
Under 16 years____________
0
61
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. _
Other net rents. __
. . . ____
8
Interest and dividends. ___________ _
3
4
Pensions and insurance annuities______
Gifts from persons outside economic
family.
. . . . . . __________________
5
1
Other sources of income________ _____
Deductions from income (business losses
-1
and expenses)---- ----------- . . . . .
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
141
bilities) _______ _______ ________ _
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
172
ties)
________________________ . . . _
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey ______ ___
+ 18
0
Inheritance. ________ _________ ____ _
3
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
00
00
255
TABULAR SUMMARY
193
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
$1,200 to
$1,500
$1,500 to
$1,800
$1,800 to
$2,100
$2,100 to
$2,400
$2,400 to
$2,700
106
113
88
82
29
19
8
8
10
115
107
208
68
3
4
25
3
12
7
57
30
30
34
35
14
19
19
39
11
24
26
28
4
10
6
10
3
5
5
7
2
4
2
2
0
3
2
3
0
5
2
2
1
76
71
86
5
6
4
10
0
23
13
26
1
17
23
23
3
14
15
10
1
13
14
13
0
1
1
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
$3,300 and
over
$900 to
$1,200
35
$3,000 to
$3,300
Under
$900
498
$2,700 to
$3,000
All families
Item
j
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
D istr ib u tio n b y O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
and b y F a m i l y T y p e i
Families in survey____________________
Number of families in which chief earner
is—
Clerical worker.________________ . . .
______
Skilled wage earner______ _
Semiskilled wage earner_______ __ __
Unskilled wage earner_
_________
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife. _ ___ ________________
Man, wife, and 1 child 2_ _ ____________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2__ __ _ _
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2 ___
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons) 2_ _____________ ________
Man, wife,and children and adults (7 or
more persons) 2_ ___ _ ______ __
Man, wife, and 1 a d u lt._ ____ ______
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults. _ _______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults.
__ _
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife) _________________________
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and wife) _ ___________ ________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons not including man and w ife)____
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and wife)__
62
0
12
13
12
12
5
2
4
0
2
42
42
46
1
3
3
1
0
9
6
5
0
6
11
5
0
8
5
6
0
5
10
9
0
4
3
6
0
3
4
7
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
2
0
2
0
4
0
28
3
7
7
7
2
2
0
0
0
0
17
2
2
3
4
1
1
0
1
2
1
4
0
0
0
3
1
0
0
0
o
0
18
3
2
2
3
2
2
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
349
40
28
15
13
5
21
26
21
6
3
3
0
0
0
2
69
12
8
5
3
2
2
4
83
8
3
1
2
2
8
6
65
4
6
1
3
1
3
5
65
2
3
2
1
0
4
5
18
4
1
1
2
0
1
2
11
4
0
1
1
0
2
0
4
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
35 106 113
82
29
88
19
8
8
4.26 4.03 4.00 4.17 4.22 4.80 5.39 5.86 5.10
10
5.58
D istr ib u tio n b y N a t iv it y o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker.
Number of families having homemaker
born in—
United States_______________ _______
Italy ________ _______
_________
Germany_______ ___ __ _______ _
Poland. _______ ________ ___ _ __
Russia___ __________ ___
England______________ _
____ __
Ireland.. _____
_ __ _ ______ _
Other________________ __ _ ___ ___
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households___ _ ___ ______
Average number of persons in household. __
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers. _____
____
Boarders only_ _____ _________
_
___
Lodgers o n ly ._ _______ _ _ ___ . . . _
Other persons________________________
Average size of economic family i n Persons, total________ _______ ___
Under 16 years of age_______________
16 years of age and over_____________
Expenditure units___________________
Average number of persons in household
not members of economic f a m ily ._____
498
4.27
74
6
18
17
5
0
0
1
13
0
3
4
10
1
3
4
11
1
5
2
17
1
3
1
7
0
3
1
5
2
0
2
2
0
0
1
3
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
4.04
1.12
2.92
3.73
4.02
1.26
2. 76
3. 71
3.82
1.22
2. 60
3.48
3.82
1.24
2.58
3. 51
3.93
1.11
2.82
3.63
3.92
0.98
2.94
3.65
4.65
1.02
3. 63
4. 36
4.85
0.86
3.99
4.60
5.54
1.02
4. 52
5.20
4.71
0.26
4. 45
4.55
5.53
0.88
4. 65
5.15
0.24
0.25 0.19 0.18 0. 25 0. 31 0. 33 0.54 0. 32 0.44
0. 08
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,”
B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
194
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S-C ontinued
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Un $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 $3,300
to
der
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
•and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 $3,300 over
E a r n in g s a nd I n c o m e
Families in survey-------------- 498
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners. 199
N et earnings from boarders
91
and lodgers----------------18
Other net rents_____________
39
Interest and dividends. . . .
Pensions and insurance an
22
nuities. . . _______
Gifts from persons outside eco
27
nomic family _______
47
Other sources of income.__ ._
Deductions from income (busi
12
ness losses and expenses)--Surplus (net increase in assets
and/or decrease in liabilities). 311
Deficit (net decrease in assets
and/or increase in liabilities) _ 183
0
----- -----Inheritance.
Average number of gainful
workers per family----------- 1.57
D o t.
Average amount of—
N et family in c o m e .________ 1,601
Earnings of individuals___ 1, 501
Chief earner. _________ 1, 218
Subsidiary earners---283
Males: 16 years and over... 1,242
Under 16 years___ (4)
Females: 16 years and over. 259
Under 16 years.._ (4)
N et earnings from boarders
and lodgers _ ________
47
Other net rents . . .
3
Interest and dividends . . .
4
Pensions and insurance an
nuities ___ . . . .
18
Gifts from persons outside
economic family. . . . _ _
7
22
Other sources of income . . .
Deductions from income
(business losses and ex
-1
penses)
__ _ . . . . . . . . .
Surplus per family having sur
plus (net increase in assets
and/or decrease in liabilities). 153
Deficit per family having def
icit (net decrease in assets
and/or increase in liabilities). 242
N et change in assets and lia
bilities for all families in
+6
survey. ._. ----------0
Inheritance___________ .
4
35
106
113
88
82
29
19
8
8
10
12
26
34
38
35
17
14
8
6
9
3
0
0
16
1
8
14
4
6
18
5
9
19
3
8
7
3
5
7
1
0
2
1
0
4
0
1
1
0
2
0
7
2
1
3
3
4
0
1
1
0
1
3
11
5
11
8
10
8
5
2
3
1
3
0
1
0
0
0
2
2
0
1
2
3
3
0
1
0
0
11
63
66
58
64
18
12
6
5
8
23
0
42
0
45
0
30
0
18
0
11
0
7
0
2
0
3
0
2
0
1.37
1.27
1.36
1. 55
1.62
2.05
2.19
2. 55
2. 57
DoL
777
D o t.
D oL
D oL
D oL
D oL
D oL
1,081 1, 348
755 1, 019 1, 281
687
954 1,140
65
141
68
562
867 1,113
0
(4)
(4)
193
152
168
0
0
(4)
1, 640
1, 529
1,265
264
1, 237
(4)
292
0
1, 956
1, 850
1, 548
302
1, 577
(4)
273
(4)
2,311
2,079
1, 466
’ 613
1,639
0
440
0
D oL
2,548
2,179
1, 517
662
1,831
0
348
0
2,742
2, 683
1,500
1,183
2,226
0
457
0
D oL
3,037
2, 961
1,830
1,131
2,076
0
885
0
3,664
3,544
1, 675
1,869
2,580
0
964
0
21
0
0
30
1
2
36
4
1
43
5
2
75
5
3
78
4
37
94
4
0
62
11
0
72
0
2
25
0
11
0
13
5
7
12
58
155
0
2
61
0
5
2
14
5
16
21
33
6
8
8
53
1
115
0
3
0
0
0
23
-4
0
(4)
(4)
-3
-6
0
-17
0
0
44
75
107
152
191
220
220
294
314
526
184
190
290
250
173
311
507
67
408
126
-10 7
0
-31
0
-53
0
+15 +111
0
0
+ 19
0
- 4 8 +204
0
0
+43
0
+396
0
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
3.12
D o t.
TABULAR SUMM ARY
195
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with an
nual net income of—
All
fami
lies
Item
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n s o f C h ie f E a r n e r and by F a m ily T y p e
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
101
16
44
26
15
3
6
33
59
0
0
5
11
0
4
14
26
0
1
11
14
3
1
3
8
36
11
18
5
7
e
8
7
0
1
0
7
2
0
3
0
0
2
1
0
]
0
17
6
8
2
4
4
1
1
0
0
0
’8
2
8
0
2
2
3
1
0
0
0
4
1
2
0
1
0
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
1
1
100
0
16
1
43
0
26
0
15
101
4. 03
16
3. 31
44
4. 22
26
4. 07
15
4.16
9
0
18
1
0
0
2
0
2
0
8
0
4
0
6
0
3
0
2
1
3. 76
1.26
2.50
3. 49
3.18
0. 88
2. 30
2.96
3.97
1. 57
2. 40
3.63
3. 72
1. 32
2.40
3. 46
3.85
0.68
3. 17
3. 68
0.28
0.14
0. 23
0. 36
0. 35
$1,500
and
over
1
Families in survey________________ ___ _____________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker____________________________________
Skilled wage earner_________________________________ .
Semiskilled wage earner_____________________________ _
Unskilled wage e a rn er ___ ____ _____ ___ ______ _______ _
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife___ ____________________________________
Man, wife, and 1 child__________________________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children___________ _______________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children_______________________
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons)________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more persons)_____
Man, wife, and 1 adult________ ___ ____________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adu lts.. ____________ _____ ______
Man, wife and 5 or more adu lts..
_________________ _
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man and wife)________
Adults (4 or more persons not including man and w ife). . . .
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons not including
man and w ife)_______________________________________
Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons not includ
ing man and w ife)____ ______ ______________________ .
D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker___ ____________
Number of families having homemaker born in United States.
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households.__ __ ________ _______ ______ _ .
Average number of persons in household__________________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers_____________ _______ ______________
Boarders only__________________________________________
Lodgers only-------------------------------------- ------Other persons._. ____________________________ _____ _
Average size of economic family in:
Persons, total------------------------------------- --------Under 16 years of age--------------- ------------------ . . .
16 years of age and over ---------------------------_______ ______ ____
Expenditure un its_______ ______
Average number of persons in household not members of eco
nomic fam ily---- --------------------------------------1 ‘‘Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
“Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
196
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
P H IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—N E G R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual
income of—
Item
All
families
$500 to
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200 to
$1,500
$1,500
and over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Families in survey__________________ ___________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners-------------------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_________
Other net rents____ _________________________
Interest and dividends____ __________________
Pensions and insurance annuities___________ _
Gifts from persons outside economic fam ily______
Other sources of income_________ ____________
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
____________________
penses) __ _________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities)
---- ------ --- . . . . . . ----Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in
liabilities)----- --------------- -----------Inheritance____ ._ _ ___ . . _ _______ - . . . -Average number of gainful workers per family. __
Average amount of—
N et family income________ _____
Earnings of individuals.. _ _______________ . .
Chief earner______________________
_____
Subsidiary earners.. ________________ . . ..
Males: 16 years and over. _________________
Under 16 years__________________
Females: 16 years and over_____________
Under 16 y e a r s_________ ______ _
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_______
___
Other net rents____________________
Interest and dividends_____
_ ------------Pensions and insurance annuities________
Gifts from persons outside economic f a m ily ___
Other sources of in co m e___ _____ ___________
Deductions from income (business losses and
expenses)___________ _
_________________
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities).._ ._ . . ._
Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in
assets and/or increase in liabilities) . . . _______
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families
in survey_______ ____ . . . ________________
Inheritance___________________________________
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A. p. 456.
101
16
44
26
15
56
27
3
3
2
9
7
5
2
0
0
0
5
1
23
11
1
0
0
2
2
18
10
1
1
2
0
3
10
4
1
2
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
71
8
33
18
12
28
0
1.63
7
0
1.32
11
0
1. 57
7
0
1. 71
3
0
2.00
$1, 203
1,136
940
196
963
0
173
0
44
4
M
2
6
$793
753
692
61
707
0
46
0
16
0
0
0
14
10
$1,053
1,013
897
116
900
0
113
0
32
2
0
0
$1,328
1,233
1,009
224
1,005
0
228
0
66
7
(4)
7
0
15
$1,862
1, 738
1,213
525
1,345
0
393
0
74
12
1
0
14
23
11
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
102
69
79
96
193
73
277
51
+41
0
-8
0
+144
0
128
+ 36
0
99
-9
0
197
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , P A .- W H IT E FA M ILIES
Income level--Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
All
fami
lies
Un
der
$900
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 over
D istr ib u tio n b y O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey____________ ___________
Number of families in which chief earner
is—
Clerical worker____ _____________ _ _ .
Skilled wage earner_______ ____________
Semiskilled wage earner________________
Unskilled wage earner________ _______
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife. ------------------------Man, wife, and 1 child 2_ __________ . . .
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2__ _______
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons) 2__________________________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons) 2______________________
Man, wife, and 1 adult______________ ..
Man. wife, and 2 to 4 adults__________
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults________
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife)__________________________ .
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and w ife)__________________ . . .
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons not including man and w ife)____
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and wife)___
346
20
71
91
94
42
16
12
135
66
105
40
6
1
7
6
19
14
27
11
30
14
34
13
45
21
20
8
21
9
10
2
8
3
5
0
6
4
2
0
45
56
72
2
4
0
6
0
8
15
16
0
15
10
24
1
10
20
17
0
6
7
7
0
1
3
2
1
1
1
0
0
58
3
13
15
18
5
2
2
26
37
17
2
0
2
1
0
6
8
0
0
5
8
3
1
7
9
6
0
3
7
3
0
3
2
1
0
2
1
3
1
25
3
3
7
7
3
1
1
3
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
280
17
9
5
4
2
6
1
22
17
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
48
7
2
3
0
1
0
1
9
76
6
0
0
2
0
2
0
5
77
1
5
2
0
1
3
0
5
38
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
14
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
10
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
346
4.23
20
3.73
71
4.07
90
4.25
94
4.18
42
4.11
17
5.30
12
5.29
16
50
15
6
1
2
0
0
0
8
5
0
3
13
3
1
6
11
3
2
2
8
3
2
3
3
1
1
1
5
0
0
3.96
1.19
2. 77
3. 65
3. 61
1.08
2.53
3.30
3.87
1.23
2.64
3.57
3.96
1.28
2.68
3.61
3.92
1.20
2. 72
3.63
3.81
1.01
2.80
3.55
4.77
1.56
3. 21
4.35
4.82
.56
4. 26
4.59
0.29
0.13
0.19
0.29
0.26
0.36
0.47
0. 57
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker. _
Number of families having homemaker
born in—
United States______________________ . . .
Italy__________________________________
G e r m a n y .____ _________________ __
Poland. __________________ _____ . . .
Russia__________________ ______ ___
England______________________________
Ireland_________________ __ ______ .
Sweden_______________________________
Other____________________ _______ . . .
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households___________________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers. _________
______
Boarders only______________________. . .
Lodgers only___________________ _____
Other persons____ _______ _______ _____
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, t o t a l________ ___________ .
Under 16 years of age_______________
16 years of age and over._ __
Expenditure u n i t s _____ ___________
Average number of persons in household
not members of economic family________
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “ Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,”
B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
198
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Income level—•Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
U n
der
$900
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 over
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Families in s u r v e y . . .------ ------Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners------------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_
_
Other net rents_____________ _ ---------Interest and dividends_________ _________
Pensions and insurance annuities________
Gifts from persons outside economic
fam ily_______________________________
Other sources of income---- ----------- ..
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_________________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)____ _______ _______
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)____________________
Inheritance____________________ _
Average number of gainful workers per
fam ily______________________________ --
346
20
71
90
94
42
17
12
69
82
28
183
13
3
3
0
7
2
12
13
3
25
0
11
21
6
46
3
15
21
12
56
7
11
13
4
33
0
8
7
1
9
1
9
4
2
7
0
32
11
1
1
7
0
9
1
10
4
3
4
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
c
198
4
31
50
58
32
13
10
144
0
16
0
37
0
40
0
35
0
10
0
4
0
2
0
1.26
1.16
1.18
1.18
1.19
1.38
1. 53
2. 38
Average amount of—
$1, 503
N et family income____________________
Earnings of individuals___
_________ 1,412
Chief earner---------------------------- 1, 309
103
Subsidiary earners--------------------Males: 16 years and over. _ _________ 1,269
Under 16 y e a r s ______________
(4)
143
Females: 16 years and over-----------Under 16 years_____________
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. .
57
8
Other net ren ts.- _ _________________ _
11
Interest and d iv id en d s________________
Pensions and insurance annuities_____
4
Gifts from persons outside economic
5
fam ily---------------------------------6
Other sources of income._______________
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_______________________
(<)
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
168
ties). . . . . . .
. . . ----------- . . . -----Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
197
ties)____ _ ________ . . . ------ ----N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey_____________________
+14
0
Inheritance__________ ___________ .. _
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
$777 $1,077 $1,351 $1, 622 $1,969 $2,190 $2,836
754 1,029 1,279 1, 513 1,844 1,976 2,652
741 1,002 1,240 1,452 1,690 1,704 1,576
13
27
39
61
154
272 1, 076
533
934 1,176 1,415 1,713 1,649 1,821
0
0
0
0
0
0
(4)
95
221
103
98
131
327
831
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
38
49
63
58
138
138
1
0
14
5
5
37
25
3
5
6
10
28
19
19
2
5
0
8
0
3
0
1
1
4
0
6
1
4
10
0
0
0
0
60
93
103
168
10
24
(<)
275
14
3
2
0
0
0
205
385
164
198
165
255
199
144
148
-11 9
0
-63
0
-16
0
+8
0
+162
0
+123
0
+296
0
199
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—N EG R O FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with
annual net income of—
All
fami
lies
Item
D istr ib u tio n by O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r and by F a m ily T y p e
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
97
31
44
13
9
3
3
15
76
0
1
6
24
1
1
5
37
0
0
2
11
2
1
2
4
40
16
8
0
11
4
9
3
0
1
1
15
6
4
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
16
10
3
0
3
2
6
0
0
1
1
8
0
1
0
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
0
2
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
3
1
2
0
0
$1, 500
and
over
i
Families in survey_________________ _ . . . . _______ ____ _
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker___ . . . ____ ____ _____________________ ___
Skilled wage earner____________ _______________________
Semiskilled wage earner________________________________
Unskilled wage earner____ . - _______ . __ ______ ___
Number of families composed of—
_______ _____
Man and w ife.- _____________ ___
Man, wife, and 1 child 2. _ ______ _ _________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2---------- _ -------- -----_____________ __
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2.
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6 persons)2 ____
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or more persons)2___
Man, wife, and 1 adult___
. . . _________ ______ .. __
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults
---------- -------------- __
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults
------------------------Adults (2 or 3 persons, not including man and w ife)_____
Adults (4 or more persons, not including man and wife).
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons, not including
man and wife) _-------------------------------------------Adult or adults and children (4 or more persons, not includ
ing man and wife)------- --------- ---------- -----------D istr ib u tio n by N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker___ _________
Number of families having homemaker born in—
United States_________________________________________
Other ______________ ____________ _________________
0
0
0
0
0
96
1
30
1
44
0
13
0
9
0
97
3. 36
31
3. 07
44
3.27
13
3.95
9
3.96
4
5
7
3
0
2
1
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
2
1
3.16
0. 77
2. 39
2.96
3.01
0. 78
2. 23
2.77
3.02
0. 75
2.27
2.87
3.48
0. 99
2.49
3.26
3. 83
0. 53
3.30
3.62
0. 21
0.08
0.23
0.48
0.18
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households____________________________________
Average number of persons in household. _______ ________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers. ________________________________
Boarders only. --_ . _ _ ...
. . . . ..
Lodgers only..
------ . . . ----------- ------------ .. ..
Other persons___________ ______ _ _ ----------- ------Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total_______ _____ _____
___ -- -----------Under 16 years of age -----------------------------------16 years of age and over------- --------------- ----------Expenditure u n its.. . . .. . . . . ------- ----------- - . . .
Average number of persons in household not members of
economic family.
----- ___.
----------------- ----
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,” B. L. S.
Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
53959'
-39-
-14
200
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
P IT T S B U R G H , P A —N E G R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual
net income of—
Item
All
families
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,500
$1,200 to
and over
$1,500
E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e
Families in survey____________________ ________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners__________________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_________
Other net rents_______________________________
Interest and dividends_______________ _ _ _____
Pensions and insurance annuities___ ________
Gifts from persons outside economic family. ___
Other sources of income____________________
Deductions from income (business losses and
expenses). ________________________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities)-------------- ------ -----------------Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in
liabilities)_______ _______ ________ _________
Inheritance___________ _________ ____ _____ _
Average number of gainful workers per family. _..
Average amount of—
N et family income____________ ____________ __
Earnings of in d iv id u a ls_____________________
Chief ea rn er________________________ ___
Subsidiary earners_________________________
Males: 16 years and over_______________ _
Under 16 years______________ . . . . . .
Females: 16 years and over_________________
Under 16 years___________________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.._ __ _
Other net rents___ __________________________
Interest and dividends____ ____________
Pensions and insurance a n n u ities__ _
Gifts from persons outside economic fam ily. ___
Other sources of in c o m e _____________ ____
Deductions from income (business losses and
expenses)__________________ ____ _____ _ .
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities) _ _____ ____
Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in
assets and/or increase in liabilities) __ _____ ____
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families
in su rv ey .._____ _______________
__________
Inheritance. __________________________ __ __
Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
*
97
31
44
13
9
21
14
4
56
6
5
8
5
1
0
19
1
2
1
5
8
3
20
2
1
2
5
3
0
8
1
0
3
6
2
1
9
2
2
2
4
2
1
1
0
57
15
26
8
8
39
0
1.27
16
0
1.16
17
0
1.11
5
0
1. 45
1
0
2.18
$1,071
1,030
971
59
949
0
81
0
22
3
6
4
1
6
$814
806
789
17
791
0
15
0
1
0
5
$1,023
986
958
28
913
0
73
0
24
4
5
1
2
1
$1,382
1,296
1,234
62
1,214
0
82
0
66
0
8
4
0
15
$1, 751
1,636
1,278
358
1,380
0
255
0
23
7
7
35
6
37
-1
86
(4)
1
1
(4)
(4)
50
-7
70
125
0
164
104
105
87
164
90
+9
0
-30
0
+8
+14
+136
0
0
0
201
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
P O R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
A11
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100
$2,400 over
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey_______________________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker________________________
Skilled wage earner. _ ____ _____
Semiskilled wage earner___ ___________
Unskilled wage earner. __ _____________
Number of families composed of—
Man and w ife ______ __ __ _ _______
Man, wife, and 1 child 2_
_ ___________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children2___________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children2_______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
persons)2—
___________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)2 _______ ________ _
Man, wife, and 1 adult_____ . . .
__
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults. __ _______
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults
Adults (2 or 3 persons, not including man
and w ife)____________________________
Adults (4 or more persons, not including
man and wife)______ _ _ _______ ____
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons, not including man and wife)
Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons, not including man and w ife)___
153
10
36
41
32
16
10
8
41
40
46
26
1
0
4
5
8
6
15
7
11
11
11
8
11
10
10
1
4
6
4
2
3
3
2
2
3
4
0
1
24
28
38
1
3
3
2
0
7
6
12
0
3
11
10
1
6
7
9
0
4
1
4
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
16
0
1
7
3
2
2
1
9
6
13
1
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
0
2
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
2
1
0
1
0
4
1
0
12
1
4
3
3
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
4
1
12
8
4
4
8
0
0
1
1
0
0
27
1
0
3
3
1
1
34
1
0
3
1
2
0
28
1
0
1
0
0
2
11
1
7
1
1
0
1
1
*0
0
2
1
0
0
5
0
0
1
2
0
0
153
4. 10
10
2. 74
36
3. 97
41
4.28
32
3.64
16
4. 39
10
4. 73
8
5.86
24
2
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
8
5
0
0
0
6
1
0
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3. 93
1. 32
2. 61
3. 59
?. 76
0. 86
1.90
2. 53
3. 73
1.44
2.29
3. 41
4.17
1.71
2. 46
3. 73
3. 67
0. 99
2. 68
3.13
4. 30
1. 42
2. 88
3. 91
4. 50
1.10
3. 40
'4.17
5. 83
0.88
4. 95
5.49
0.19
0
0.28
0.13
0. 22
0.12
0. 42
0.13
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker.. .
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States... . . . . . . . . . _ . . . _
Italy--------------------------------------Russia. --------------------------------Canada (not French) _. __________ __
Ireland---------- __ .
. . . . ...
Canada (French) _______ _______ _____
Other______ ________ _ _ _________
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households______ _________ _
Average number of persons in hou seh old ___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___ . . . ____ . . .
Boarders only------ -----------------Lodgers only-----------------------------Other persons________ _______ ______ _
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total._ _ _ . . . ______ . . . . __
Under 16 years of age. ________________
16 years of age and over _ ___________
Expenditure units____________________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family. __ ________
3
1
1
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “ Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,”
B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
202
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
and
to
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 over
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Families in survey________________________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners------------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers____
Other net rents_________________________
Interest and dividends_________________
Pensions and insurance annuities.. _ --Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income_________________
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)---------- --------------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities). . . _______________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)____________ _______
Inheritance--- -------- -------------------Average number of gainful workers per family.
153
10
36
41
32
16
10
8
41
22
7
10
5
29
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
7
1
11
5
2
3
1
10
3
5
5
3
4
0
6
0
4
1
0
0
2
2
1
6
3
0
1
0
1
0
8
1
1
0
1
1
0
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
1
1
27
0
7
8
7
3
1
1
93
7
17
27
17
13
5
7
57
2
1.38
3
0
1.10
17
0
1.19
14
1
1. 32
14
0
1.16
3
0
1.44
5
1
1.90
1
0
3.00
Average amount of—
Net family income... --------------- ._. $1, 505
Earnings of in d iv id u a ls.___ . . . ______
1, 464
Chief earner____________________ . . .
1,307
Subsidiary earn ers-------------------157
Males: 16 years and over_ . . . _ . . .
_
1,291
Under 16 years______________
(4)
Females: 16 years and over. __ -----173
Under 16 years____________
(4)
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers__
20
Other net rents____ _ ___________ . . .
3
Interest and dividends._ . . . ______ ..
6
Pensions and insurance annuities __ ____
5
Gifts from persons outside economic fam
ily —
12
Other sources of income
___________
1
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)______ _____ _______ _
-6
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
t ie s )... —
144
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
ties). . . ------- ------------------- ..
142
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
-+-35
families in survey. . . ______
. ______
4
Inheritance ______ . . . . . . ____ _ . . .
4 Less than $0.50.
2
9
$756 $1,083 $1, 336 $1, 627 $1, 892 $2, 263 $3,033
756 1,045 1, 273 1,605 1,857 2, 222 2, 943
731 1,027 1,208 1,544 1,657 1,690 1,689
532 1, 254
65
200
25
18
61
914 1,132 1,471 1,673 1,883 2, 502
548
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
441
136
134
184
339
208
131
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
44
44
13
15
0
20
23
4
4
4
0
0
0
5
0
4
12
7
0
1
0
21
36
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
15
(*)
21
3
11
0
0
-7
—4
-13
-4
-4
47
56
84
173
295
256
108
(*)
0
3
(4)
(4)
6
0
0
(4)
258
142
108
141
94
260
264
-40
0
+ 18
5
+ 30
0
+222
0
-2
41
+192
0
203
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Un $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
der
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over
D istr ib u tio n by O c cu p a tio n oj C h ie f E a r n e r a nd
by F a m ily T y p e 1
_ ___
Families in survey___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker____ ____ ______________ _
Skilled wage earner___ ____________
Semiskilled wage earner_______________ _
Unskilled wage earner_______ __________
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife_______ ________ ________
Man, wife, and 1 child__________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children_______ _
Man, wife, and 5 or more children_______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to 8
persons)________________ _____ _____ _
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)_____________ _________
Man, wife, and 1 adult_________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults___________ __
Man, wife, and 5 or more adults_______ _
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife)____________________________
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and wife)________________________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons
not including man and w ife).......... ___
Adult or adults and children (4 or more per
sons not including man and w ife)_____ _
301
17
77
83
45
42
23
7
7
77
63
135
26
1
1
13
2
18
7
42
10
24
17
35
7
10
12
20
3
11
15
12
4
8
6
9
0
1
3
3
0
4
2
1
0
76
50
52
1
6
2
2
0
19
16
8
0
23
12
20
1
7
6
18
0
9
11
1
0
9
1
2
0
1
2
1
0
2
0
0
0
33
1
6
8
4
5
2
2
5
9
34
19
1
0
1
0
0
2
9
6
0
1
9
4
0
1
3
4
0
5
7
3
0
0
4
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
5
9
5
2
0
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
230
22
10
4
1
8
2
9
14
10
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
49
10
4
3
0
4
1
4
2
68
2
2
0
0
3
1
2
5
37
2
1
1
0
0
0
2
2
33
4
2
0
1
0
0
0
2
21
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
6
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
301
3.63
17
3. 03
77
3.19
83
3.60
45
3. 98
42
3. 91
23
3.86
7
2. 73
7
6.34
59
1
3
5
4
0
0
0
6
1
1
0
19
0
1
4
9
0
0
0
9
0
0
1
9
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
3.40
0.84
2. 56
3.15
2. 76
0.59
2.17
2.56
3.11
0.61
2. 50
2.91
3.32
0.97
2. 35
3.04
3.74
1.21
2.53
3.42
3.60
0.74
2.86
3.41
3.43
0. 61
2.82
3.23
2. 73
0.44
2.29
3. 55
6.00
1. 79
4. 21
4.53
0. 25
0.29
0.10
0. 28
0.30
0. 34
0.45
0
0. 37
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker___
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United S t a t e s .______ ___ ____ _ __ __
Italy----------------------------------G erm any_____ _______ ____________ _
Poland____ _____ ______ _________ _____
R ussia._ _ ________ ______ _____ _ _
Canada (not French) ___________ ______ _
E n g la n d ... _____ __ _ ___ _ __ ___ _
Ireland____ ___ _____ _____ _____ ____
Other____ _ __ __________ . . . _____ _
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households____ _ __ __ _ __ . . .
Average number of persons in household__
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers. __ _ ______ _____
Boarders only______ _______________ . . .
Lodgers only____________ _____ ______ _
Other persons________ ________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___________________ ______
Under 16 years of age______ __ . . . .
16 years of age and over________________
Expenditure units_______ ____ _______
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family___ ______ _
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
“Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
204
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N . Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
to
to
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 and
over
E a r n in g s a nd I n c o m e
Families in survey. _ ______________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners____
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers---- -------------------Other net rents____ ____________
Interest and dividends_________
Pensions and insurance annuities. _
Gifts from persons outside economic
fa m ily ________________________
Other sources of income__________
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses). . . ---------Surplus (net increase in assets and/
or decrease in liabilities)___ ___
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities)________
Inheritance____________________ _
Average number of gainful workers
per family_______________________
301
17
77
83
45
42
23
7
7
97
3
20
18
13
20
12
5
6
63
11
73
14
4
0
1
0
9
4
16
1
19
0
14
6
9
2
11
3
10
1
16
2
9
3
10
2
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
0
34
15
1
0
7
4
15
2
4
5
3
2
1
2
1
0
2
0
37
2
10
10
4
5
1
3
2
181
4
31
50
36
29
19
6
6
113
0
10
0
45
0
31
0
9
0
12
0
4
0
1
0
1
0
1.21
1.03
1.08
1.08
1.23
1.41
1.49
1.47
2.20
Average amount of—
N et family i n c o m e -------------- $1, 502
Earnings of individuals_________ 1, 420
Chief earner----- -------------- 1,260
Subsidiary earners___________
160
Males: 16 years and over____
1,214
Under 16 years________ (4)
Females: 16 years and over____
206
Under 16 years_____
(4)
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers_______ __ ______ _
46
Other net rents______________ .
4
Interest and dividends_________
11
Pensions and insurance annuities.
10
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family_____ ___ ______
6
Other sources of income.
____
9
Deductions from income (busi
ness losses and expenses). . . _
-4
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
crease in, liabilities)_________ _
160
Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)___________ _
229
N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey____ _ _ + 10
0
Inheritance_____ _
___ ______
4 Less than $0.50
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
$774 $1,049 $1, 355 $1,621 $1,936 $2, 268 $2, 539 $3,107
742 1,021 1, 281 1, 517 1,819 2,037 2,551 2,984
704
946 1,217 1,385 1,549 1,707 1,983 1,903
38
64
132
75
270
568 1,081
330
837 1,141 1, 352 1, 626 1,739 2,049 2,164
450
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
292
502
184
193
140
163
298
820
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
0
9
0
12
1
4
4
53
0
6
7
45
6
4
23
75
4
14
19
99
25
60
17
0
6
2
0
66
0
25
0
1
0
7
3
7
4
3
29
3
4
11
21
7
0
38
0
-10
-3
-3
-6
-2
-2
-27
-6
55
64
96
142
229
290
253
529
217
244
209
173
271
238
422
3
- 115
0
- 117
0
-20
0
+ 79
0
+ 80
0
+ 198
0
+157
0
+453
0
TABULAR SUMM ARY
205
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , P A —W H IT E FA M IL IE S
Income level— Families with annual net income of—
■
Item
A l
A lll
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800
$2,100 $2,400 over
D istr ib u tio n b y O ccu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
and b y F a m ily T y p e 1
Families in survey_______________________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker..............................___
Skilled wage earner____________________
Semiskilled wage earner________________
Unskilled wage earner__________________
Number of families composed of—
Man and wife_______ ____ ____________
Man, wife, and 1 child 2________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children 2_________
Man, wife, and 5 or more children 2______
Man, wife, and children and adults (4 to
6 persons) 2__________________________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons)2______ ________________
Man, wife, and 1 adult_________________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults____________
Man, wife, and 5 or more ad u lts.________
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and w ife)____________________________
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and wife)_______________________
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 per
sons not including man and wife)------Adult or adults and children (4 or more
persons not including man and wife)___
231
26
44
69
53
26
8
5
49
36
132
14
6
2
17
1
3
8
28
5
11
13
40
5
19
10
23
1
7
2
16
1
1
0
6
1
2
1
2
0
38
48
68
1
5
4
7
0
7
10
9
0
15
21
20
0
7
9
21
0
2
4
8
1
2
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
26
5
7
2
7
4
0
1
10
13
11
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
3
0
3
3
1
0
1
4
4
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
0
5
3
0
1
0
1
0
0
4
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
5
2
0
2
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
181
5
5
7
2
6
5
20
22
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
33
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
53
1
1
1
0
1
1
11
46
3
0
2
1
0
0
1
18
0
0
0
0
3
1
4
6
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
231
3.94
26
3.40
44
3. 76
69
3. 67
53
4.07
26
4. 75
8
4.92
5
4. 63
27
2
1
0
2
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
4
1
1
0
5
1
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3. 75
1.29
2. 46
3.41
3.29
0.90
2.39
3.02
3. 65
1.07
2.58
3.38
3.53
1.32
2. 21
3.19
3.94
1.45
2.49
3.54
4.41
1.82
2.59
3.89
4.06
1.28
2.78
3. 91
4.27
0.48
3.79
4.09
0.18
0.11
0.11
0.15
0.13
0.34
0.86
0.36
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker. _
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States__________________________
Italy__________________________
____
Germany.
_____ _. __________ _____
Poland___ ___ ____ _________ __
Russia_____ ____ _ _________________
E ngland ... _ . . . . __ _______________
Ireland_______________________________
Other. ________________ ________ . . .
C o m p o s itio n oj H o u se h o ld
Number of households. _ ________ _____ _
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___________________
Boarders only_________________________
Lodgers only_______________ _____ _____
Other persons_______ _________. . . _____
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___________ ____________
Under 16 years of age_________________
16 years of age and over_______________
Expenditure units_____________________
Average number of persons in household
not members of economic fam ily. _.
_ _
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “Adults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
2 Families of these types were included in the 1917-19 study, “ Cost of Living in the United States,”
B. L. S. Bull. No. 357, 1924.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
206
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , PA.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Income level—■ Families with annual net income of—
All
fami
lies
Item
E a r n in g s
and
In c o m e
Families in survey_______ ______________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners__________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. __
__________________
Other net ren ts..
Interest and dividends______ ____ ______
Pensions and insurance annuities.. _____
Gifts from persons outside economic
fam ily_______________________________
Other sources of income.. ___________ .
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses). _____________ ________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)____________ —. .
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)___________________
Inheritance.
....... .................. .............
Average number of gainful workers per
fa m ily ................................................ ..........
231
26
44
69
53
26
8
5
38
30
19
26
3
2
1
1
2
0
8
3
1
7
0
6
8
4
8
1
11
6
5
3
2
3
6
4
6
0
3
5
3
0
0
5
1
1
0
0
13
6
1
0
4
1
3
1
2
2
3
1
0
1
0
0
5
1
1
2
0
0
1
0
144
7
25
41
40
20
8
3
83
0
18
0
18
0
28
0
11
0
6
0
0
0
2
0
1.19
1.13
1.18
1.10
1.23
1.18
1. 51
2.18
$748 $1, 065 $1, 329 $1, 614 $1, 918 $2,117
735 1,044 1,294 1, 560 1,816 1,839
989 1,265 1,479 1, 710 1,480
716
55
19
30
81
106
359
970 1, 241 1,499 1, 717 1, 679
481
0
0
1
0
0
0
74
54
254
60
99
160
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
23
4
27
54
157
2
7
4
11
14
89
2
1
1
1
4
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
$2,680
2,626
1,689
937
2, 315
0
311
0
41
13
0
0
Average amount of—
N et family income____________________ $1, 401
Earnings of individuals._ ---------- . . . 1, 351
Chief earner_______________________ 1,267
Subsidiary earners-------------------84
Males: 16 years and o v e r ___________ 1,254
Under 16 years.
________
1
Females: 16 years and over----------96
Under 16 years.__ _ _______
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.
29
Other net rents. _____ _ _______
10
Interest and dividends. _
_________
1
Pensions and insurance annuities______
1
Gifts from persons outside economic
family___________
. . . -----------5
Other sources of income_______________
5
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses) _ ______________
-1
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities)______________________ ___
134
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
bilities) __________________________ _
226
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey_________________
+2
0
Inheritance_____________ ________ . . .
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456,
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 and
over
1
0
(4)
45
354
- 23 3
0
2
4
2
1
(4)
66
(4)
90
9
2
19
11
0
44
0
0
0
0
-12
0
125
212
415
340
220
157
141
304
0
347
-52
0
-10
0
+ 65
0
+ 93
0
+415
0
+ 65
0
TABULAR SUM M ARY
207
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
S P R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income
of—
Item
All
fami
lies
U n $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
der
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over
D istr ib u tio n b y O c cu p a tio n o f C h ie f E a r n e r
a nd b y F a m ily T y p e i
Families in survey________ ______________
Number of families in which chief earner is—
Clerical worker__________ . . . _________
Skilled wage earner_______ _ ___ ______
Semiskilled wage earner_____ . _ _______
Unskilled wage earner______________ __.
Number of families composed of—
Man and w i f e . ___. . . _______ _
Man, wife, and 1 ch ild ._ _ __________ . . .
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 children______ _ . . .
Man, wife, and 5 or more children___ _
Man. wife, and children and adults (4 to 6
persons)______________________________
Man, wife, and children and adults (7 or
more persons).__ ____________________
Man, wife, and l adult. _____ _ ________
Man, wife, and 2 to 4 adults .. _ _______
Man, wife, and 6 or more adults__________
Adults (2 or 3 persons not including man
and wife)___________ _______ __________
Adults (4 or more persons not including
man and w ife)_____________ _____ „__ _
Adult or adults and children (2 or 3 persons
not including man and wife) __________
Adult or adults and children (4 or more per
sons not including man and w ife)_______
248
7
54
66
52
34
22
7
6
66
66
82
34
1
0
6
0
7
13
15
19
22
11
26
7
16
20
14
2
10
8
12
4
8
8
4
2
0
4
3
0
2
2
2
0
46
51
46
2
2
0
1
0
14
7
14
0
13
20
12
1
12
13
14
0
2
8
4
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
28
2
6
5
3
6
2
2
2
11
20
18
0
0
1
0
0
2
5
0
0
1
3
3
0
1
3
4
0
3
4
4
0
2
3
3
0
1
1
2
0
1
0
2
0
17
1
4
6
1
1
4
0
0
4
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
150
18
7
15
3
17
4
10
4
18
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
33
6
1
0
0
3
1
5
2
3
35
6
2
8
3
33
2
1
3
0
4
1
1
0
7
25
2
0
2
0
2
0
0
1
2
13
0
3
0
0
2
0
1
1
1
2
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
248
3.99
2.98
7
54
3.76
66
3. 46
52
3.90
34
4. 76
22
4. 61
7
5.77
6
5.23
41
3
6
8
0
0
0
0
4
2
2
3
8
0
1
0
11
0
2
1
6
0
0
2
9
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3. 75
1.11
2. 64
3.46
3.00
0. 71
2.29
2.80
3. 56
1.07
2. 49
3. 29
3. 31
0.96
2. 35
3.08
3. 57
1.15
2. 42
3. 23
4. 44
1.35
3.09
4.11
4.08
1.13
2. 95
3.76
5.87
1.83
4.04
5.44
4.97
0.86
4.11
4. 72
0.28
0
0. 21
0.16
0. 35
0. 33
0. 62
0.09
0.29
D istr ib u tio n b y N a tiv ity o f H o m e m a k e r
Number of families having no homemaker___
Number of families having homemaker born
in—
United States___________________________
I t a l y __________________________________
Germany____ ___________
___ . . . _ _
Poland_____ ________________ ______ ____
Russia___________ _____ ________ ___ __
Canada (not French)___ _______
______
England______________ _____________ _
Ireland_________ _ _____ __. __________
Sweden________ _ __ ______ ___ _
Other______________ _________________
5
2
1
0
4
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Number of households____ __ ___ ________
Average number of persons in household. _ __
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers.__
_ __ _ _ . ___ _
Boarders o n ly __________________________
__ _ _
Lodgers only__________________
Other persons______________ ______ . _
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___________________________
Under 16 years of age__________________
16 years of age and over_____ _____ _____
Expenditure units________ ____________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fam ily___ _ ______
1 “ Children” are defined as persons under 16 years of age. “A dults” are persons 16 years of age and over.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 466.
208
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 5.— Description of fam ilies studied, by income level— Continued
S P R IN G F IE L D —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Un
der
$900
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over
E a r n in g s and I n c o m e
Families in survey_________________
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners____
N et earnings from boarders and
lo d g ers_______________________
Other net rents__________________
Interest and dividends___________
Pensions and insurance annuities...
Gifts from persons outside economic
family_________________________
Other sources of income_____
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses)________ _
Surplus (net increase in assets and/
or decrease in liabilities)-------Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities)____
Inheritance____ ________________
Average number of gainful workers
per family_____ ______ _______ ___
248
7
54
66
52
34
22
7
6
90
4
11
18
16
17
12
6
6
49
14
16
13
0
1
1
0
7
0
0
1
10
4
5
1
14
1
2
1
6
3
4
3
9
1
2
6
1
2
1
0
2
2
1
1
19
4
0
0
7
0
2
1
2
1
2
0
4
2
2
0
0
0
10
0
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
158
2
26
49
36
22
13
5
5
77
0
5
0
24
0
13
0
13
0
10
0
9
0
2
0
1
0
1.47
1.71
1.23
1.29
1.43
1.68
1.68
2.24
2.90
Average amount of—
N et family income_____ _____ ___ $1,566
Earnings of individuals_________ 1, 475
Chief earner_________________ 1, 273
202
Subsidiary earners. ...................
Males: 16 years and over------ 1,246
Under 16 y e a r s . . _____
(4)
Females: 16 years and over____
229
Under 16 y e a r s _____
0
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers______________________
57
4
Other net rents___ _ ________
Interest and dividends________
3
Pensions and insurance annuities.
18
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family ________ ___ __
8
Other sources of incom e.________
3
Deductions from income (busi
ness losses and expenses)___ _
-2
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)-----------139
Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in lia b ilities)____________
234
N et change in assets and liabilities
for all families in survey--------+ 16
Inheritance___ _ ____
___
0
4 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
$820 $1,054 $1,362 $1,645 $1,955 $2,206 $2, 534 $2,968
814 1,013 1,302 1, 575 1,846 1,869 2,398 2, 849
720
973 1,196 1, 428 1, 490 1, 529 1, 356 1,428
94
40
106
147
356
340 1,042 1,421
360
872 1,153 1,415 1,566 1,421 1,923 1, 938
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
454
141
149
278
475
160
448
911
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
2
0
27
0
0
6
0
0
9
0
0
-1
16
60
67
(4)
(4)
(4)
59
8
8
36
141
7
9
110
65
2
34
0
84
17
1
20
3
3
0
39
31
51
0
0
0
-1
0
-5
0
-16
-3
87
144
165
261
406
383
48
5
1
5
2
(4)
(4)
140
168
234
148
347
397
230
844
-95
0
-46
0
+19
0
+63
0
+5
0
-8
0
+224
0
+179
0
209
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
U n $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000
to
to
to
to
to
der
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 over
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey__________________
Average family size:
Persons____ ____ ______ ___________
Expenditure units______ _______
Food expenditure units____________
Clothing expenditure units. ______ _
516
30
101
117
112
91
33
16
6
10
4.00
3.64
3. 43
3.04
2.80
2.63
2. 48
2.31
3. 61
3.26
3.03
2. 68
3.89
3.48
3. 25
2. 79
4.12
3.73
3.50
3.07
4.30
3.93
3. 75
3.30
4.18
3. 92
3. 76
3. 38
5.46
5.03
4.71
4.35
3.93
4. 78
3.58
3.73
5.76
5. 52
5.26
5.27
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
Average annual current expenditure
D o l.
for—
All items.......................... ................... 1, 570
Food________ __________________ 561
154
Clothing____________ ________
319
Housing_______________ _______
141
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_____
Other household operation_______
58
4
Furnishings and equipment. _ ___
Transportation_________________
89
26
Personal care_____ ___________
49
Medical care---------------------72
Recreation________________ . . .
7
Education____
___________
Vocation____ ________________
5
23
Community welfare____________
Gifts and contributions to persons
outside the economic family____
18
7
Other item s.. . _________________
Percentage of total annual current ex
penditure for—
All item s_____ ______ . ____ ____ 100.0
Food______________ __________ 35.8
Clothing__________ ________ .. 9.8
20.3
Housing------------------Fuel, light and refrigeration______ 9.0
3.7
Other household operation_____
Furnishings and equipment______ 2.6
Transportation_____
__ ____ 5.7
1.7
Personal care _ _ _ _ _ _____ . . .
3.1
Medical c a re .______ .
.
Recreation___ _
____________
4.6
.4
Education---------- -----------Vocation_____ _ ___ _ ------ .
.3
1.5
Community welfare._ _________
Gifts and contributions to persons
1.1
outside the economic family____
.4
Other item s_____________ _______
883 1,121 1,391 1,620 1,885 2,121 2.393 2,539
315
702
421
508
600
656
876
700
62
156
202
224
89
278
131
344
321
256
264
341
298
380
390
342
84
151
116
131
157
180
198
165
112
100
23
46
56
33
78
108
13
24
35
46
52
67
43
83
43
50
72
79
137
170
101
460
15
42
17
22
28
33
38
46
82
16
32
45
47
55
93
74
72
102
33
42
64
135
124
88
7
2
4
14
6
7
5
9
4
7
3
8
8
6
3
0)
34
23
55
9
15
19
27
36
4
100.0
31.8
11.8
13.3
6.1
3.8
3.2
9.8
1.8
4.2
5.6
1.7
(2)
1.5
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
.7
.3
1.0
.7
24
10
22
27
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
35.7 37.6 36.6 37.1 34.8 33.0 36.6 27.5
9.4
7.0
7.9
9.7 10.7 10.6 11.6 13.5
29.0 23.6 21.4 20.0 20.2 18.3 14.2 13.5
9.5 10.4
9.4
9.3
8.5
8.3
8.3
6.5
4.1
3.5
5.3
4.2
2.6
3.3
2.9
4.3
3.2
2.1
1.5
2.5
2.8
2.8
1.8
3.3
6.5
5.2
5.4
7.1 18.1
4.9
4.5
4.9
1.7
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
3.2
1.8
2.9
2.9
2.9
3.9
3.9
2.9
3.7
4.4
3.7
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.6
4.9
.4
.2
.8
.1
.7
.3
.3
.4
.4
.3
.3
.3
.4
.4
.3
(2)
1.0
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.3
2.3
.9
(2)
16
11
37
2
124
49
.5
00
10
4
3,172
1,007
375
420
194
122
100
310
58
132
178
53
1
49
45
3
(?)
10
0)
D o l.
1.3
.5
1.7
.1
.9
1.1
1.8
.1
3.9
1.5
210
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y.—W HITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100
$2,400 over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey-------------------------Average family size:
Persons------------------------------------Expenditure u n i t s . . ___________________
Food expenditure units_____________ _
Clothing expenditure units___ . -_ .. _ _.
450
19
97
120
105
81
18
10
3.45
3.17
2.96
2.69
2.80
2.56
2. 37
2.19
3.09
2.84
2. 67
2. 44
3. 34
3.03
2.82
2. 54
3. 65
3. 35
3.11
2. 81
3.92
3.57
3. 36
3.00
3. 66
3.46
3. 32
3.16
3. 55
3.32
3.18
3.10
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s___________ ______ ______ ______ $1, 497
Food_____________________ _________
502
Clothing—
______________________
155
H o u s in g ..____ _______ ______________
252
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_____
121
Other household operation _ _________
52
Furnishings and equipment- —_____ __
65
Transportation_______ ___ _________
137
Personal care_______ _ _______ ______
28
Medical care____ _________ _ _ ___
53
Recreation___ _________________
79
Education __ ___________ ____ _
_
4
4
V ocation _______________ _______ _ _
Community welfare_____________ _ _
19
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_________
18
Other items— ______ _____________
8
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s____________ _______ _ ___ ___ 100.0
Food_________________ ___________
33.5
Clothing____ _______ ________ __ 10.3
Housing.- .
_________ _ __________
16.8
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___________
8.1
Other household operation—_ ______ _
3.5
Furnishings and equipment________ __
4.3
Transportation.-- _ __________________
9.2
Personal c a r e . . . ________
__________
1.9
Medical care— ...................
.........
3.5
Recreation___________________________
5.3
E d u c a tio n ._______________________ _
.3
Vocation_________________ _______ _
.3
Community welfare___________________
1.3
Gifts and contributons to persons out
side the economic family— ______. . .
1.2
Other item s_____ _________________ __
.5
1 Less than $0.50.
8 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
$829 $1,093 $1, 361 $1, 641 $1, 870 $2, 214 $2, 536
310
410
541
467
609
630
690
51
101
131
180
201
286
292
208
177
253
278
269
344
278
96
107
113
129
141
152
145
24
31
48
55
68
89
108
32
35
89
51
77
145
98
48
66
118
163
190
330
247
20
13
26
32
33
46
51
34
28
52
45
81
118
67
34
52
72
88
99
153
120
4
1
4
2
7
1
33
0
1
2
5
10
7
25
9
10
15
18
30
51
36
6
8
6
13
5
18
1
32
14
37
37
61
70
100.0 100.0
37.3
37.6
6.2
9. 2
21.3
19.1
9.8
11.6
2.9
2.8
3.2
3.9
5.8
6.0
1.8
1.6
3.4*
3.1
4.1
4.8
.4
.1
0
.1
1.1
.9
100.0
34.4
9.6
18.6
8.3
3.5
3.7
8.7
1.9
3.3
5.3
.1
.1
1.1
100.0
32.9
10.9
16.9
7.9
3.4
4.7
9.9
2.0
3.2
5.4
.2
.3
1.1
100.0
32.6
10.7
14.4
7.5
3.6
4.8
10.2
1.8
4.3
5.3
.4
.4
1.6
100.0
28.5
12.9
12.6
6.9
4.0
6.5
11.2
2.1
3.0
6.9
(2)
.4
1.6
100.0
27.2
11.5
13.5
5.7
4.3
3.9
13.0
2.0
4.7
4.7
1.3
1.0
2.0
1.0
.4
1.1
.1
1.7
.7
1.7
1.7
2.4
2.8
0)
.7
(2)
.7
.5
211
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
JOHNSTOW N, PA.
W H ITE FA M IL IE S
Item
All
fami
lies
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey_______________________________
Average family size:
Persons________________________________ _ .
Expenditure units___________________________ __
Food expenditure u n i t s _____ _
_________
Clothing expenditure units
_________________
153
38
49
33
2
0
13
4.30
3.87
3. 70
3. 24
4. 21
3. 86
3.62
3.18
4.29
3. 73
3. 67
3.14
4. 62
4.18
3. 92
3.46
3. 67
3.38
3. 24
2. 90
4. 75
4. 41
4.12
3. 75
$848
304
67
165
74
41
26
31
16
52
40
4
$1,054
335
108
208
82
40
54
55
18
51
47
$1, 305
441
149
189
84
44
77
114
$1, 531
420
188
249
93
58
70
187
26
61
95
$1, 778
513
190
307
126
75
67
156
38
98
89
2
2
0
26
42
7
43
44
4
25
15
5
30
41
100.0
100.0
31.8
10.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items____________________________________
$1,382
Food_____________________ ________ _______
376
Clothing--- ---------- ---------------------------124
Housing----------------- ---------------------207
8
6
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_______ __________ Other household o p e r a t i o n ____________ _
46
Furnishings and equipment - _________ ______
55
Transportation___________ ____ __________ _ __
88
Personal care_ ________ _________ ________
_
2
1
Medical care______ _________ ______ __ ____
57
_______________________ _
Recreation_______
60
Education________________
________________
4
Vocation----- --------------------------------- _
3
Community welfare_____
_________________
32
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family____________________________
20
3
Other item s_____ . _ _ ___ _____ _
- _______
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All items. ________________ _______ _________
Food— --------------------- -- ----------------Clothing______
______ ____
Housing______________________ _____________
____________ _
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.
Other household operation._ __________ _ __ _
Furnishings and equipment____________
- __
Transportation_____ ________________ _ __ __
Personal care____ _____ - ____ __________
Medical care. ---------------------------- -_________ __ - ________
Recreation_______
Education___ ________ ________
_____ __
V o c a tio n .----- -------- ----------.
--Community welfare---- ------------- —. . — .
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family__________ _ . _ ________ _
Other i t e m s . . . ____
___ - . . . . . _ ----- -Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
100.0
31.8
10.4
17. 5
7.3
3.9
4.7
7.4
1.8
4.8
5.1
.3
.3
2.7
1.7
.3
2
35.8
7.9
19. 5
8.8
4.8
3.0
3.7
1.9
6.1
4.7
.5
2
1
2
19.7
7.8
3.8
5.1
5.2
1.7
4.8
4.5
.2
2.4
.2
.1
2.5
.5
2.4
.2
.2
2
2
52
68
1
2
33.8
11.4
14. 5
6. 4
3.4
5.9
8.7
1.7
4.0
5.2
.1
.2
3.2
1.1
.4
2
2
27.4
12.3
16.2
6.1
3.8
4.6
12.2
1.7
4.0
2
0
6
8
28 9
10.7
17.3
7.1
4.2
3.8
8.8
2. 1
.1
.5
5. 5
5.0
1. 1
.3
2. 5
.1
2.3
.4
6.2
2.8
2.0
212
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
L A N C A STER , PA.
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income
of-
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s f o r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey_________
_ __ _____
Average family size:
Persons------------- -------------------Expenditure units.-- -----------Food expenditure units-------------Clothing expenditure units. -------------
151
22
47
39
3. 53
3.26
3.09
2. 78
3.18
2.89
2. 66
2.34
3. 31
3.00
2. 85
2.45
3.43
3.20
3.03
2.67
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s__________________
_________ $1,312
442
Food______________ -- ---- -------- -146
Clothing _ ____________ ___________
212
Housing------------- -----------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration_________ .
129
Other household operation--- --------52
Furnishings and equipment _. _ ______
49
Transportation______________ ________
71
Personal c a r e ________________
_____
28
Medical care_________ _____
____
54
Recreation______________ __________
78
_______
Education_________________
6
Vocation__ _______________ _____ _
0)
Community welfare. __ _____ _____
20
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_____________
17
Other item s____ _______ _______ . .
8
Percentage of total annual current expenditure
for—
All item s----------------------------------F o o d __________________
. . ..
Clothing_____________
_ -------Housing______ . . ___________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration._.
___
Other household operation___ _ _ _ _ _
Furnishings and equipment __ _______
Transportation _ _ _
...
...
Personal care____________ _
_ ______
Medical care____________ __ __ _._
Recreation ___________ ____
_ __.
Education_______________
_______
Vocation__ _____________ ______ ___
Community welfare.------- ___ ___.
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family_____________
Other item s______ _____________
_ _
1Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
100.0
33.7
11.2
16.2
9.8
4.0
3.7
5.4
2. 1
4. 1
5.9
.5
(2)
1.5
1.3
.6
18
3. 68
3. 45
3. 26
3.18
14
1
1
3.67
3. 44
3. 32
2.94
4.96
4.76
4. 62
4.59
$897 $1,035 $1,319 $1, 635 $1,801
502
443
315
381
546
214
92
133
245
73
250
168 * 182
229
248
132
12
2
128
168
98
42
64
47
35
91
42
34
64
36
93
94
25
103
135
1
1
2
2
17
25
40
40
42
55
62
67
60
113
59
70
58
1
10
1
17
1
7
0)
1 0)
1 0)
0
1
2
13
19
18
48
6
6
100.0
35.1
8.1
18.6
10.9
4.0
4.0
1.2
1.9
6.1
6.5
.8
0
1
2
18
17
32
17
14
2
38
4
100.0
100.0
33.6
10.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
0)
36.8
8.9
17.6
11.8
4.0
4.0
2.4
2.1
4.1
5.7
(2)
17.4
9.7
3.6
2.6
7.1
1.9
4.7
5.3
.1
1.3
.1
1.3
(2)
1.3
.8
1.2
1.3
1.3
.7
$2,192
722
338
262
168
76
83
175
54
53
135
39
0)
45
(2)
30.7
13.1
15.3
8.1
3.9
3.9
6.3
2.4
4.1
6.9
1.0
.1
1.2
2.0
1.0
30.3
13.6
13.7
9.3
5.1
5.2
7.5
2.2
3.3
6.1
.1
(2)
2.7
.8
.1
32.9
15.4
11.9
7.7
3.5
3.8
8.0
2.5
2.4
6.2
1.8
2.0
(2)
1.7
.2
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
213
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income
of—
Item
All
fam
ilies
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey____ ______ ____________
Average family size:
Persons_____ _________ __ _ _ ___ _
Expenditure units_____________________
Food expenditure units_________________
Clothing expenditure u n it s _______ ____
146
16
37
40
26
18
9
3.83
3.55
3.38
3.12
2.61
2.40
2.32
1.84
3.41
3.16
3. 05
2.65
3.93
3.60
3. 38
3.16
4.03
3. 76
3. 60
3.39
3.85
3.65
3.45
3.41
6.51
$844
294
81
148
94
28
36
23
$1,361
473
133
$1, 550
536
131
45
55
117
28
41
71
180
143
65
99
118
29
34
82
$1, 744
540
268
$2,454
874
403
267
178
57
44
$1,128
414
131
167
126
42
40
33
19
53
61
17
23
4
1
0
1
100.0
100.0
36.7
11.6
14.8
11.2
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items ________________ ________ _ $1, 392
Food_______ _
---- --------- -482
Clothing_____ ____
__ . ___ _
172
Housing _ _ ______________________
189
Fuel, light, and refrigeration __
_ _ _
134
Other household operation____ _______
49
Furnishings and equipment _ ______ _
65
Transportation.. _________ _________
88
Personal care__ ___ _______ ___ ______
27
Medical c a r e ------------------------- _
52
Recreation_________ _ ___________ _
75
Education_____ _____ ___ ___ __ __ ___
5
Vocation_____________________________
8
Community welfare__________________
27
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic fa m ily ____________
14
Other items. ________________________
5
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s----------------------------------Food________________ ______________
C lo th in g-------------- --------------Housing--------------------------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration________ _
Other household operation___________ _
Furnishings and equipment.....................
Transportation-------------------------Personal care. _ ___ __ _ __ __ _____ _
Medical care. __________ __ _.
R ecreation------- _ _ _ ----------- -E d u c a tio n ----- _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ---------V o ca tio n _____ _
______ ____ - _____
Community welfare-__ ______ _ - _
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic fa m ily _____ ____
Other item s_______________________ _
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
100.0
34.6
12.4
13.6
9.6
3.5
4.7
6.3
1.9
3.7
5.4
.4
1
1
1
6
0
34.9
9.6
17.5
11.1
3.3
4.3
2.7
1.3
6.8
2
6
3.7
3.6
2.9
1.7
4.7
5.4
.6
5.2
.1
.7
2.0
.2
.5
2.0
1.0
.5
.9
1.9
.4
0
.1
202
21
0
212
153
56
105
6.20
5.91
6.15
6
8
26
0
1
0
29
99
18
7
34
94
165
59
69
131
35
13
54
17
14
17
38
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.6
12.2
8.8
3.2
6.0
6.3
2.2
2.8
2
1
0
1
0
34.8
9.8
14.8
9.7
3.3
4.0
8.6
2.1
3.0
5.2
.2
.7
1.9
1.2
.7
1
0
34.6
13.0
9.2
4.2
6.4
7.6
1.9
2.2
5.3
0
.6
1.9
.9
.6
110
38
86
1
30.9
15.3
4.9
5.7
1.0
.4
2.0
1.0
.1
6
35.7
16.5
10.9
7.2
3.8
6.7
2.4
2.8
5.3
1.4
.5
2.2
1.6
.2
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
214
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
P H IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—W H IT E F A M IL IE S
Families with annual net income of—
Income level-—
Item
All
fam
ilies
Un $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 $3,300
to
to
to
to
der
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 $3,000 $3,300 over
E x p e n d i t u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey-------------Average family size:
Persons---- -----------------Expenditure units__________
Food expenditure units______
Clothing expenditure units.._
498
35
106
113
88
82
29
19
8
8
10
4.04
3. 73
3. 55
3.24
4.02
3.71
3.56
3.15
3.82
3.48
3. 30
2.89
3.82
3. 51
3. 31
2. 97
3.93
3.63
3.47
3.18
3.92
3.65
3. 45
3.24
4.65
4. 36
4.16
3.86
4.85
4. 60
4.40
4.19
5.54
5. 20
5.09
4.67
4.71
4. 55
4. 32
4.58
5.53
5.15
4.98
5.00
Average annual expenditure
D o t.
for—
All item s--------- ------------ 1,602
F o o d ..................................... 580
170
Clothing.---- -------------Housing------------------ . 246
Fuel, light, and refrigeration. 125
64
Other household operation__
Furnishings and equipment.
61
Transportation___________
114
Personal care ................... ,.
33
Medical care.........................
52
Recreation-----------------85
Education-----------------6
Vocation___________ . . .
5
Community welfare______
23
Gifts and contributions to
persons outside the eco
nomic family. . . ------26
1
2
Other item s_______________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All item s-------------- _ _ 100.0
Food---------------- -.. 36.3
Clothing_________________ 10.6
Housing---------------15.4
Fuel, light, and refrigeration. 7.8
Other household operation.. 4.0
Furnishings and equipment. 3.8
Transportation___________
7.1
Personal care_____________
2.1
Medical care________ ..
3.2
Recreation____________ .
5.3
Education ____ _____ ____
.4
Vocation_______________ _
.3
Community welfare_______ 1.4
Gifts and contributions to
persons outside the eco
nomic family-----. . _ 1.6
.7
Other ite m s .............. ..........
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
887 1,119 1,411 1,630 1,849 2,300 2,603 2,540 3,002
396
512
455
589
659
743
845
861
945
72
96
204
127
167
273
343
472
403
200 244 257 295 301 331 185 191
157
73
105
125
162
131
138
145
153
166
32
41
72
57
82
67
1 1 116 115
2
19
35
60
6
6
76
82
113
46
164
46
1 1 107 1 1 246 230 244 359
0
1
50
22
19
28
33
38
45
58
60
71
18
37
40
43
64
98
11
0
92
113
38
47
67
86 115 119 160 189 205
4
1
5
7
5
6
6
41
17
4
4
3
7
5
6
3
4
7
13
21
20
9
28
43
62
28
46
D o t.
4
0
13
9
100.0 100.0 100.0
44.6 40.6 36.3
8.1 8.6 9.0
17.7 17.9 17.3
8.2 9.3 8.9
3.7
3.7
4.0
2.1 3.1 4.3
5.2
7.2
4.5
2.1 2.0 2.0
2.0 3.3 2.8
4.4
4.2
4.7
.1
.4
.3
.4
.3
.3
1.0 1.2 1.4
.5
0
1 Less than $0.50.
aLess than 0.05 percent.
Notes*on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
9
0)
.8
C
O
.9
.6
28
2
1
32
7
100.0 100.0
36.1 35.6
10.3 11.0
15.8 15.9
8.0 7.5
4.1
4.1
6.6
2.0
2.6
5.3
.4
.4
1.3
1.7
1.3
71
40
37
50
6
6
54
32.5
13.2
12.7
33.9
15.9
7.3
4.7
4.3
.3
.3
1.5
8.8
2.2
3.9
6.1
4.6
1.9
9.6
2.4
3.6
7.4
1.7
.4
3.1
1.7
6.0
2.1
3.5
6.2
2
3,271
1,084
505
313
178
160
84
361
82
124
197
15
6
55
105
2
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
32.3
11.9
13.1
6.3
3.6
3.5
10.7
1.9
4.2
5.2
.3
.3
1.9
3.9
4.1
108
D o t.
6.2
6.0
31.4
15.7
6.4
5.5
3.8
5.5
33.1
15.4
9.6
5.4
4.9
2.4
3.8
2.5
3.8
12.0
2.6
11.0
1.1
.2
.1
2.4
6.8
1.4
.1
6.0
.5
.2
1.4
1.9
2.6
2.1
3.6
.7
.3
1.5
.1
1.7
3.2
.1
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
215
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N EGRO FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200 to $1,500 and
over
$1,500
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey __________ _________________
Average family size:
Persons___________________ _ _ _____
_____
Expenditure u n its ... ______ ___________ _ ___ _
Food expenditure units________________________
Clothing expenditure units___ ________ _______
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s______________ _____ _________________
Food_______ ____ _ _____
_ _ ______ _
Clothing______________ _____________ . _
Housing________
____________ ________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration__________ _______
Other household operation_____ ___________
Furnishings and equipment _ _ __ _ ______
__________
Transportation. _
. _____ _
Personal care__ ________ _ __
Medical care____
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___ ___
Recreation__________ _ ___ __ __ _______ _
Education_____________ _________ ______
Vocation_______ __________ _ _ _______
Community welfare________ ____________ ____
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
_
___
___________
economic family_ _
Other items___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_____ ___ _
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All item s___ _____ _ _ ___ __ _ _ _ _ ______
Food______________________ _ ________ _ . . .
Clothing___________
____________________
Housing______________________________ ___
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____ _________ _
Other household operation______ ___________
Furnishings and equipment________ _______
Transportation____ _ ______ ____ _________
Personal care. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
___ _. ___ _ _
Medical care_____________ ________ _ _______
Recreation
__
__ _ _
__
Education___ _
_
...
_____________
Vocation_________________ _____ _ -----Community welfare_________________________
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family_____________ ______ _______
Other items_________ _______________________
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
53959°— 39-
-15
101
16
44
26
15
3. 76
3.49
3. 30
2.94
3.18
2.96
2. 75
2.46
3.97
3.63
3. 42
2.94
3.72
3. 46
3.27
3.03
3.85
3.68
3. 59
3.30
$1,180
399
114
246
115
36
35
76
25
33
57
3
1
17
$808
284
43
239
81
17
22
30
15
23
35
1
2
7
$1,027
366
83
236
110
33
19
60
21
24
48
1
1
16
$1,350
428
153
265
123
34
51
98
28
41
73
3
3
21
$1, 731
571
212
249
148
70
71
136
40
56
82
8
1
22
22
1
6
3
8
1
29
0
100.0
33.8
9.7
20.8
9.7
3.1
3.0
6.4
2.1
2.8
4.8
.3
.1
1.4
100.0
35.2
5.4
29.6
10.1
2.1
2.7
3.7
1.8
2.8
4.3
.1
.2
.9
100.0
35.7
8.1
23.0
10.7
3.2
1.8
5.8
2 0
2.3
4.7
.1
.1
1.6
100.0
31.8
11.3
19.7
9.1
2.5
3.8
7.2
2.1
3.0
5.4
.2
.2
1.6
1.9
.1
.7
.4
.8
.1
2.1
0
65
0)
100.0
33.0
12.2
14.4
8.5
4.1
4.1
7.8
2.3
3.2
4.7
.5
.1
1.3
(2)
3.8
216
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Families with annual net income of—
Income level-—
Item
All fam
ilies
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
to
$2,400
$2,400
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey_______________
Average family size:
Persons— ___ _________________
Expenditure units---------------Food expenditure units. ______
Clothing expenditure units______
346
20
71
90
94
42
17
12
3.96
3.65
3. 45
3.08
3.61
3.30
3.11
2.73
3.87
3. 57
3.36
3.03
3.96
3. 61
3.40
3.01
3.92
3. 63
3. 41
3.02
3.81
3. 55
3.37
2.98
4.77
4.35
4.22
3.69
4.82
4.59
4.35
4.32
$890
340
66
170
70
35
22
46
15
51
33
3
4
21
$1,143
414
108
232
81
37
42
61
21
41
67
2
4
12
$1, 372
477
133
247
91
48
63
99
25
58
80
3
2
21
$1, 612
521
154
324
106
61
77
137
27
67
76
2
4
28
$1,806
550
186
337
105
77
86
158
30
75
107
5
17
39
$2,039
617
343
332
121
75
56
185
42
67
114
13
4
39
$2,497
674
325
462
125
107
112
261
50
95
159
7
9
46
8
6
5
16
13
12
22
6
26
8
19
12
39
26
100.0
33.1
10.3
19.1
6.5
3.7
4.3
7.7
1.8
4.0
5.5
.2
.3
1.7
100.0
38.2
7.4
19.1
7.9
3.9
2.5
5.2
1.7
5.7
3.7
.3
.5
2.3
100.0
36.2
9.5
20.3
7.1
3.2
3.7
5.3
1.8
3.6
5.9
.2
.3
1.1
100.0
34.8
9.7
18.0
6.6
3.5
4.6
7.2
1.8
4.2
5.9
.2
.1
1.5
100.0
32.2
9.6
20.1
6.6
3.8
4.8
8.5
1.7
4.2
4.7
.1
.2
1.7
100.0
30.5
10.3
18.7
5.8
4.3
4.8
8.7
1.7
4.2
5.8
.3
.9
2.2
100.0
30.3
16.8
16.3
5.9
3.7
2.7
9.1
2.1
3.3
5.6
.6
.2
1.9
100.0
27.0
13.0
18.5
5.0
4.3
4.5
10.4
2.0
3.8
6.4
.3
.4
1.8
1.1
.7
.9
.7
.4
1.4
1.0
.9
1.4
.4
1.4
.4
.9
.6
1.6
1.0
Average expenditure for—
All item s___ ___________ ___ $1,483
Food______ _ _ __ ____ ___
490
Clothing_________________ _
153
Housing______
____
___
283
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.—
96
Other household operation. ___
55
64
Furnishings and equipment---Transportation_________ _____
115
26
Personal care________ _______
Medical c a re _________________
60
Recreation-------- -------- ----81
Education___________________
3
____
Vocation_____________
5
25
Community welfare_____ _____
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
16
family__________ _____ __
11
Other ite m s _________________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All item s____________ _ _____
Food___ _
_ _ _ _
Clothing________ ____ _
__
Housing_____________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___
Other household operation____
Furnishings and equipment___
Transportation_______________
Personal care___ . . . ______
Medical ca re_______ ____ ____
Recreation___ _____________
Education— _ _ _ _ _ _____
Vocation____ ___________ __
Community welfare_____ ___
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
fam ily.__ _ __ ____________
Other items___ _
__________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
217
T able 6 . — Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—N EGRO FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual
net income of—
Item
All
families
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200 to
$1,500
$1,500
and over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families in survey______________________________
Average family size:
Persons-------------------------------------------Expenditure units_____________________________
Food expenditure u n its.__ _______________ _____
Clothing expenditure units___ _________________
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s______ __ . . . ------- ------ --------..
-------------Food___________ ___
Clothing______________________ ____________ _
Housing______________________ ____ ____ ____
Fuel, light, and refrigeration........................... .
Other household operation....................................
Furnishings and equipment ........... ............. ......
T ransportation____________ ______________
Personal care___________________________ ____
Medical care________________________________
Recreation________________ _________________
Education__________________________________
Vocation.
_________________________ ____
Community welfare___ ______
. . . ._ .Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family____ . . . _ . . . _ _ _______ _
Other items__________________ . . _______
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All item s_______________ _____ _ ---------Food______________________ ____________
Clothing____________________________________
Housing____________________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration------------------Other household operation___________________
Furnishings and equipment__________________
Transportation ------------ ----------------Personal c a r e ______________________________
Medical care________________________________
Recreation-------------------------- ---Education. ________ ______________ ______
Vocation____ ___________ --- -------------Community welfare___ ______________
. -.
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic fam ily______________ -.
. -Other items------------------------------------i Less than $0.50.
a Less than 0.05 percent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
97
31
44
13
9
3.16
2.96
2. 81
2. 51
3.01
2.77
2. 66
2. 35
3.02
2.87
2. 77
2.42
3.48
3.26
3.06
2.71
3.83
3.62
3.43
3.25
$1,073
343
97
243
91
39
39
64
23
38
50
1
2
16
$862
292
66
216
78
31
25
42
20
32
42
0)
1
9
$1,031
331
94
232
90
32
42
65
22
36
47
1
2
15
$1, 342
405
117
303
103
61
58
82
31
57
55
0
2
24
$1, 586
485
181
304
119
68
46
109
29
38
78
2
6
36
25
2
7
1
20
40
4
100.0
31.9
9.0
22.7
8.5
3.7
3.6
6.0
2.1
3.5
4.7
.1
.2
1.5
100.0
33.9
7.6
25.1
9.1
3.6
2.9
4.9
2.3
3.7
4.9
(2)
.1
1.0
100.0
32.1
9.1
22.5
8.8
3.1
4.1
6.3
2.1
3.5
4.6
.1
.2
1.4
100.0
30.2
8.7
22.6
7.8
4.5
4.3
6.1
2.3
4.2
4.1
0
.1
1.8
2.3
.2
.8
.1
1.9
.2
3.0
.3
85
0)
100.0
30.5
11.4
19.2
7.4
4.4
2.9
6.9
1.8
2.4
4.9
.1
.4
2.3
(2)
5.4
218
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FAM ILIES
Income level—Families with annual
net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r G r o u p s o f Item s
Families in survey------------------------Average family size:
Persons______________________________
Expenditure u n its..
----- -------- -Food expenditure units. _____ _. . . . .
Clothing expenditure units
_________
153
10
36
41
32
16
10
8
3.93
3. 59
3.31
3.03
2.76
2. 53
2. 27
2.22
3.73
3.41
3.12
2. 78
4.17
3. 73
3.46
3.06
3. 67
3.13
2.87
2. 60
4.30
3.91
3. 59
3.38
4.50
4.17
3.78
3.87
5.83
5.49
5. 21
4. 98
$767 $1,132 $1, 342 $1,605 $1,652 $2,333
395
491
260
485
684
507
53
94
127
174
178
288
227
267
223
230
318
300
74
114
127
146
155
182
51
19
39
71
56
108
34
17
61
65
70
89
64
29
136
70
120
243
24
25
14
31
33
59
54
23
68
55
47
70
75
57
95
36
117
153
1
3
9
1
84
0)
0
1
1
2
12
6
7
14
19
26
35
13
$2,823
898
390
334
222
109
139
167
77
120
211
44
2
51
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s______ _ _______
____ - $1,483
Food__ ___ _ . . _ _
--------- —
488
154
Clothing---------- --------------- -254
Housing_____________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration----136
Other household operation_____ ___
57
Furnishings and equipment_
_
____
59
Transportation_____
_____
101
Persona] care___
__ _ _ _ ---------31
Medical care_____ . ___ ___________
58
Recreation __________ __________
89
11
Education_____ ______
_ __
2
Vocation___
_______________ . ..
Community welfare_______ _________
21
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family. _ _______
20
2
Other items___________ . . . -------Percentage of total annual current expend
iture for—
All it e m s ________ . . -------------- 100.0
Food__ _______ _
-._ -------------- 33.0
10.4
Clothing _____ _ __ _.
. . . --H ousing.. __ __ -. --------------- .
17.1
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.
_ ...
9.2
Other household operation ________ ___
3.8
Furnishings and equipment ..
_
4.0
Transportation__ _
_____________
6.8
Personal care ______________
_____
2.1
Medical care..
___ . . . ___ ______
3.9
Recreation____ _
_ ___________ _ .
6.0
Education.
------ ----------- ------.7
.1
Vocation
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ _____
Community welfare_______ _____ ____
1.4
Gifts and contributions to persons out
1.4
side the economic family. _ _ ___
.1
Other items ________ ____________ .
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
4
4
15
4
13
1
29
1
22
4
22
1
56
3
100.0
34.0
6.9
29.6
9.6
2.5
2.2
3.8
1.8
3.0
4.7
(2)
0
.9
100.0
34.9
8.3
19.7
10.1
3.4
3.0
6.2
2.1
4.2
5.0
.1
.1
1.2
100.0
36.5
9.5
17.1
9.4
3.8
4.6
4.8
1.9
4.0
5.6
.2
.1
1.4
100.0
30.2
10.9
16.6
9.1
4.4
4.1
8.5
1.9
4.2
5.9
.6
.1
1.6
100.0
30.7
10.8
18.2
9.4
3.4
4.2
7.3
2.0
4.2
7.0
.1
.4
.8
100.0
29.4
12.3
13.7
7.8
4.6
3.8
10.4
2.5
2.4
6.6
3.6
.5
1.5
100.0
31.9
13.8
11.8
7.8
3.9
4.9
5.9
2.7
4.2
7.5
1.6
.1
1.8
.5
.5
1.3
.4
1.0
.1
1.8
.1
1.3
.2
.9
(2)
2.0
.1
TABULAE SUMMARY
T able
219
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N. Y.— W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
$2,700 over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I te m s
Families in survey_________ ______
Average family size:
Persons________ _______________
______ _______
Expenditure units—
Food expenditure units. _______
Clothing expenditure units_______
301
17
77
83
45
42
23
7
7
3. 40
3.15
2.96
2. 69
2.76
2.56
2.40
2.18
3.11
2.91
2.73
2.49
3.32
3.04
2.86
2. 56
3.74
3.42
3.18
2. 82
3.60
3. 41
3.24
3.04
3.43
3. 23
3.11
2.81
2.73
3.55
3.19
3.08
6.00
4.53
4.19
4.13
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All items_______________________ $1, 510
Food............... ..........
_ __ ___
448
154
Clothing__________ __________
Housing______________________
308
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
138
Other household operation______
50
Furnishings and equipment____
57
122
Transportation_______ _________
Personal care__________ ______
29
54
Medical care__________________
Recreation____________________
83
Education_____________________
12
6
Vocation_________ _______ ____
22
Community welfare____________
Gifts and contributions to persons
23
outside the economic family ...
4
Other item s___________________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
100.0
All items_______________________
29.6
Food____ _______ _ _____ _____
10.2
Clothing_________ __ ________
20.4
Housing_______________ ___
9.1
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
Other household operation____
3.3
Furnishings and equipment—_ .
3.8
Transportation_______________
8.1
1.9
Personal c a re ____________ ___ _
3.6
Medical care.__ _______________
Recreation____________________
5.5
E ducation._ . ___ _ . . . _____
.8
.4
Vocation._ _ _ _______________
1.5
Community welfare_____ ____
Gifts and contributions to persons
1.5
outside the economic family___
.3
Other items. __ ________ ____
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
$902 $1,187 $1,380 $1,551 $1,874 $2,103 $2,368 $2, 676
484
283
379
418
526
528
586
856
124
80
106
161
216
256
257
363
213
288
300
313
320
380
444
364
142
154
111
115
143
163
142
192
42
55
26
35
65
85
98
85
31
36
51
73
142
56
95
76
33
78
96
211
87
267
227
259
18
24
29
27
37
33
55
60
41
53
65
79
35
71
96
94
39
56
76
89
108
127
169
154
3
11
8
13
17
8
6
29
4
4
6
14
5
9
8
6
21
20
7
13
27
40
31
70
1
0
9
1
23
4
14
9
37
1
38
4
93
8
64
4
100.0
31.4
8.9
23.6
12.3
2.9
3.4
3.7
2.0
5.9
4.3
.3
.4
.8
100.0
31.9
8.9
24.3
9.6
3.0
3.0
6.6
2.0
3.0
4.7
.7
.3
1.1
100.0
30.2
9.0
21.7
10.4
3.0
4.1
6.3
2.0
3.0
5.5
.9
.4
1.5
100.0
31.1
10.4
20.2
9.1
3.6
3.3
6.2
1.9
4.2
5.7
1.1
.4
1.3
100.0
28.0
11.5
17.1
8.2
3.5
3.9
11.2
2.0
4.2
5.8
.6
.5
1.4
100.0
25.0
12.2
18.1
7.8
4.0
4.5
12.7
1.6
3.4
6.0
.4
.4
1.9
100.0
24.8
10.9
18.8
6.0
4.1
6.0
9.6
2.3
4.1
7.1
.2
.6
1.3
100.0
31.9
13.6
13.6
7.2
3.2
2.8
9.7
2.2
3.5
5.8
1.1
.2
2.6
.1
.8
.1
1.7
.3
.9
.6
2.0
.1
1.8
.2
3.9
.3
2.4
.2
0
220
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , P A — W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400
to
to
to
to
to
and
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800
$2,100 $2,400 over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey____ ________________
Average family size:
Persons__ . . . --- ----------------------Expenditure un its_____________________
Food expenditure un its_________ _______
Clothing expenditure un its_____
. . ..
231
26
44
69
53
26
8
5
3.75
3.41
3. 21
2. 87
3.29
3.02
2.81
2. 57
3 65
3. 38
3.18
2.91
3. 53
3.19
2. 99
2.66
3.94
3.54
3. 33
2. 97
4 41
3 89
3. 77
3.18
4.06
3. 91
3. 50
3. 22
4.27
4.09
4.00
3.86
$993 $1,134 $1, 351 $1, 562 $1,845 $1,688
432
364
479
602
569
577
85
100
158
189
201
194
207
248
266
272
310
216
110
94
106
129
149
152
41
36
26
46
63
102
30
56
35
83
76
86
42
55
23
61
113
75
22
24
17
29
31
30
54
34
37
60
74
55
45
61
16
58
86
98
3
1
3
4
8
13
8
8
6
9
34
10
18
23
25
31
40
46
$2,562
815
327
338
167
89
104
230
49
85
118
118
15
42
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s. . . . ______________________ $1,412
502
Food
__ _______ ____ ______ _
156
Clothing..
________ ._ _________
262
H o u sin g .._ __ . _. . . . _ ______ . .
119
Fuel, light, and refrigeration________
44
Other household operation _____ _____
59
Furnishings and equipment___________
Transportation_________________ _ ..
61
26
Personal care______________ _______
53
Medical care____ ________ ____
Recreation____ . . . __ _ _ . . . __ ._ _
58
Education______ _________________
6
Vocation_
_ ______________________
11
28
Community welfare_____ ______ . . . .
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family. __ _ ______
17
10
Other items___ _____ ______ _____ . . .
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s__________
. . . . ______ _ 100.0
35.6
Food_______ __ ____
... . . .
_ __________ 11.0
Clothing___. . . __ _
Housing______ . . . __ . _. ________
18.6
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.__ _____
8.4
Other household operation_______ . . .
3.1
Furnishings and equipm ent______ _
4.2
Transportation. _ . . . ___________ _
4.3
Personal care______
. . . _ __________
1.8
Medical care________ __ . .
... ...
3.8
Recreation__________ ______ _____
4.1
Education___________ ___________
.4
Vocation___ _______ . . . _____ ______
.8
Community welfare_____ . . . _______
2.0
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family. _ ____ _
1.2
Other item s------ --------- ------------.7
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
5
50
10
4
10
1
22
0)
32
26
34
0
61
4
100.0
36.7
8.6
20.9
9.5
3.6
3.5
2.3
1.7
3.4
1.6
.3
.6
1.8
100.0
38.1
8.8
21.9
9.3
2.3
2.6
3.7
1.9
3.3
4.0
.1
.7
2.0
100.0
35.5
11.7
19.7
8.2
3.0
4.1
4.1
1.8
4.0
4.5
.2
.6
1.8
100.0
36.5
12.1
17.5
8.3
2.9
5.3
3.9
1.8
3.8
3.7
.2
.6
2.0
100.0
32.7
10.9
16.8
8.1
3.4
4.1
6.1
1.7
4.0
4.7
.4
1.8
2.2
100.0
34.2
11.5
12.8
9.0
6.1
5.1
4.4
1.8
3.2
5.8
.8
.6
2.7
100.0
31.8
12.7
13.2
6.5
3.5
4.1
9.0
1.9
3.3
4. 6
4.6
.6
1.6
.5
5.0
.9
.4
.7
.1
1.4
(2)
1.7
1.4
2.0
0
2.4
.2
221
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
6.— Expenditures for groups of items, by income level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Un
der
$900
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700
to
to
to
to
to
to
and
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,400 $2,700 over
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey_________________
Average family size:
Persons______ ____________ ______
Expenditure units_________ ____
Food expenditure units__________
Clothing expenditure unit___ _ __
248
7
54
66
52
3.75
3.46
3.27
2. 98
3.00
2. 80
2.59
2.46
3.56
3.29
3.11
2. 67
3.31
3.08
2.87
2. 67
3.57
3. 23
3.04
2.77
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All item s._______________________ $1, 559
546
F o o d ...__________ ____________
Clothing_____________________
161
Housing_________ ____ _____ _
284
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.. . _
139
Other household operation______
51
46
Furnishings and equipment_____
Transportation___ . _______
107
Personal care__________________
29
59
Medical care____________ . . . _
Recreation____________________
74
Education_______ ____ _ ______
7
4
Vocation____________ _______
25
Community welfare____________
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
21
family________________ ____
6
Other items___________________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All items________________________ 100.0
35.0
Food_____ _________________
Clothing___________________ _ 10.3
Housing. ______ __
. . . 18.2
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
8.9
Other household operation______
3.3
3. 0
Furnishings and equipment_____
6.9
Transportation-.. _ _____
1.9
Personal care..----------- _. . . .
3.8
Medical care_________________
Recreation.
_ ______ . . . __
4.7
.4
Education___________ _______
.3
Vocation__________ _____ . . . _.
1.6
Community welfare---- -------Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
1.3
family_______________________
.4
Other items. _ _______________
2
Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
34
4.44
4.11
3.96
3.59
22
7
6
4.08
3.76
3. 57
3.39
5.87
5. 44
5.24
4. 95
4.97
4.72
4.46
4. 52
$938 $1,119 $1,342 $1,593 $1,966 $2,224 $2,321 $2, 759
296
463
482
540
660
685
822
904
110
78
133
158
222
255
337
398
206
241
256
321
303
360
324
310
95
134
116
130
165
185
145
181
32
35
73
93
36
49
89
79
33
31
20
62
70
66
72
103
63
33
89
186
110
176
177
272
17
39
17
24
32
38
56
74
28
44
46
60
74
111
45
122
36
41
69
102
74
99
103
185
0
33
1
2
4
36
7
14
3
3
3
3
12
,4
3
6
27
31
32
17
16
20
39
64
2
0
8
2
17
1
20
2
42
7
20
41
72
1
46
1
100.0
31.6
11.7
22.0
10.1
3.4
3.5
6.7
1.8
3.0
3.8
0
.3
1.8
100.0
41.3
7.0
21.5
10.4
3.2
1.8
3.0
1.5
3.9
3.7
.1
.3
1.4
100.0
35.9
9.9
19.1
10.0
2.6
2.3
6.6
1.8
3.4
5.1
.2
.2
1.5
100.0
34.0
9.9
20.2
8.1
3.1
3.9
6.9
2.0
3.8
4.6
.2
.2
1.7
100.0
33.5
11.2
15.4
8.4
3.7
3.4
9.0
1.9
3.8
5.0
.4
.2
1.6
100.0
30.8
11.5
16.1
8.3
4.2
3.2
8.4
1.8
5.0
4.6
1.5
.5
1.4
100.0
35.5
14. 5
14.0
6.3
3.8
3.1
7.6
2.4
1.9
4.4
1.6
.1
1.7
100.0
32.8
14.5
11.2
6.5
2.9
3.7
9.9
2.7
4.4
6.7
.5
.2
2.3
.2
.7
.2
1.3
.1
1.3
.1
2.1
.4
.9
1.8
3.1
(2)
1.7
(2)
0
222
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
All fami
lies
Item
161
5. 55
4.62
Average quantity pur
chased per person i in
1 week
$6^ 7fL
nd
166
3.86
3.28
2. 63
2. 34
Average expenditure
per person i in 1
week
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
per expendi
expenditure
All
All
unit per year
All ture unit per
fami unit per year
fami
fami
year
lies
lies
lies
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e a nd P u r ch a s ed
fo r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
Under it
$400 $400 to $600
425
4.22
3. 57
Number of families surveyed in spring quarter________
Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons1per family in 1 wk.
Av. no. of food expenditure u n its2 per family in 1 wk_ _.
Number of fami
lies using in 1
week
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
Lb.
a .
C t.
C t.
C t.
274.2 212.4 303.8 409.9
_______________________
Total
Grain products, total____ _____
4.661 4.326 4.944 5.100 41.4 36.2 45.1 50.3
Bread,other baked goods,total.
2.870 2. 716 3.046 2.956 28.5 24.8 31.4 34.1
79 1.956 2.040 1. 954 1.674 16.3 16.7 16.4 14.5
Bread: W hite-------------- ~~353 T§4 "140
Graham, whole wheat.
2.5 1.5 3.4 3.6
31
96 28 37
.307 .225 .383 .397
R ye---------------65 20 26
19
1.6 1.3 1.8 2.6
.181 .139 .196 .289
Crackers. -------- --------197 65 82
.150 .109 .189 .193
2.3 1.6 2.8 3.2
50
Plain rolls ___ _ __ _ _
34
12
.2
.5 1.4
7 15
.013 .005 .013 .037
.5
Sweet rolls.__ _______ __
.5 1.0
33 10 13
10
.5
.3
.018 .012 .025 .021
Cookies .
___________
129 40 58
31
.088 .056 .117 .123
1.6 1.1 2.0 2.5
Cakes____ ____ ____ ____
105 27 49
29
.089 .055 .107 .161
1.9 1.0 2.6 3.7
.9
Pies______________________
38 11 20
.5
.9
7
.030 .022 .038 .038
.7
Other
___ __ __ _ __
.7
.5
.038 .053 .024 .023
.6
.6
Ready-to-eat cereals___ _.
129 47 52
.069 .052 .086 .083
1.2
.9 1.5 1.5
30
Flour and other cereals, total _
1.722 1. 558 1.812 2.061 11.7 10.5 12.2 14.7
Flour: W hite ___ _ --- -333 123 123
87 1.058 .874 1.181 1.382
5.3 4.3 5.7 7.8
Graham __ __ __ ___
5
2
2
1 .007 .009 .006 0
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
Other______ ____ _
9
1
.1
.2
4
.2
.2
4
.019 .026 .008 .024
.1
Cornmeal___
__ __ __ __
41 16 20
.2
.2
5
.020 .019 .023 .018
.1
H om iny________
_____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
Cornstarch_________ ____
.1
.1
.2
45 23 14
.011 .009 .013 .015
.1
8
Rice_______ ____ _____
.7
.7
.7
138 60 54
24
.096 .101 .093 .089
.7
Roiled oats. __ ___________
176 75 71
30
.170 .175 .155 .192
1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
Wheat cereal____ _______
97 30 47
20
.063 .045 .082 .074
.9
.7 1.2 1.0
55 20 22
.2
.2
.5
Tapioca___ ___ _________
.2
13
.015 .012 .014 .025
0
Sago-------------------0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
.263 .288 .237 .242
266 115 102
2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9
49
Other grain produ cts____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
.459 .391 .478
.64 116.0 13.1 16.9 23.5
413 155 163
95
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total__
6.078 5. 498 6.627 6.694 39.2 34.6 42.8 45.9
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled__
410 156 159
95 5.659 5.188 6.100 6.173 32.7 29.7 35.3 36.5
loose___
1
.069 0
.3 0
0
1
0
.026 0
.1 0
0
Skimmed____ _____ _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
Buttermilk and ofrher__
2
1
1
.005 .004 .008 0
.1 (3)
.1 0
0
.021 0
Skimmed, dried______
.1 0
3
0
3
.007 0
.1 0
0
Evaporated and con
172 65 74
2.2 1.8 2.5 2.5
.255 .218 .290 .295
densed __ __________
33
Cheese: American--- -------165 57 67
.066 .046 .076 .111
1.8 1.3 2.1 3.2
41
5 13
.012 .006 .014 .028
Cottage____________
28
.2
.1
.5
10
.3
84 40 28
Other______________
.031 .032 .030 .029
1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2
16
Ice cream _______ __________ 1 27
4 13
10
.017 .004 .019 .058
.6
.2
.7 2.0
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
223
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Number of fami
lies using in 1
week
Item
Average quantity pur
chased per person 1 in
1 week
Economic
Economic
level—Fami
Economic level—
level—Families
lies spending
Families spending
spending per
per expenditure
All per expendi All
All
expenditure
unit per year
fami ture unit per fami
fami unit per year
year
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e a nd P u rch a sed
fo r C o n s u m p tio n at H o m e in 1
W e e k —Continued
Butter________ ______ ______
Cream_______________________
Other table fa t s _____. ____ ..
______ -Lard________
Vegetable shortening________ _
Table or cooking oils--- -----Mayonnaise, other sal. dressing..
Bacon, smoked_______________
Salt side of pork______________
Meat, poultry, fish, other sea food,
total
_ ...
___ ___
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse,sirloin ... _ . __
top ro u n d ____
other______ __
Roast, r i b ---- ---chuck. _ ----other__________
Boiling, c h u c k ..---plate._ -----other_____ -Canned___ . . __ . . . _____
C orned.. ------------------D r ie d -----------------------O th er_____________________
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops_____
roast. .
-----s t e w ---- ------Lamb: Fresh, chops
--------r o a st_________
stew ___ ________
Pork: Fresh, chops_______ --loin roast_____ —
other______ _ ..
Smoked ham, sliced____
half
or
whole___
picnic____
Pork sausage_____. . .
Other pork... _. ______
Miscellaneous meats, t o t a l __
Other fresh meat .. .. . ._
Bologna, fran k fu rters..____
Cooked: Ham ---- --------Tongue. _________
L iver.. ._ __
_______ . . .
Other meat products .. ___
Poultry: Chicken, broiling____
roast. ____
stew_______
Turkey___________ _
Other______________
Fish and other sea food, total __
Fish: Fresh_ _ _________
_
C an n ed ______ _______
C u r e d .__________ __
Oysters.._ _________________
Other sea food_____ . . . ____
Average expenditure
per person i in 1
week
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
96
59
3
42
11
11
47
50
8
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
0.901 0.692 1.067 1.212
.429 .336 .471 .644
.044 .021 .038 .137
.024 .023 .030 .015
.109 .099 .124 .106
.022 .020 .022 .028
.062 .076 .056 .027
.083 .024 .177 .055
.108 .079 .118 .183
.020 .014 .031 .017
28.6 22.2 31.0 44.8
15.7 12.2 17.1 24.2
2.3 1.0 2.0 7.0
.4
.3
.4
.5
1.9 1.7 2.2 2.0
.4
.4
.4
.6
2.7 2.8 2.8 1.8
1.5 1.0 1.8 2.5
3.3 2.4 3.6 6.1
.4
.3
.6
.3
2.868 2.176 3.253 4.283
407 154 157
146 33 54
25 11 11
211 84 85
41 16 14
78 34 33
185 64 74
181 62 69
47 17 22
68.6 48.4 78.4 111.3
2.9 1.4
2.8 1.5
3.7 2.7
5.3 4.8
1.5
.9
2.4 2.2
1.5 1.5
(3)
(3)
.8
.6
.1
.1
2.0
.9
0
(3)
0
0
1.2 1.4
1.3 1.0
.2
.2
3.7 2.4
6.0 2.9
.7
.7
3.3 3.2
1.3
.8
1.3
.6
.9
.7
65
76
138
59
26
33
48
1
29
8
42
4
0
49
23
11
110
74
35
123
16
28
38
13
19
55
23
9
12
25
1
13
4
10
0
0
25
9
5
35
21
16
45
6
13
11
26
43
52
23
13
11
18
0
11
4
19
4
0
16
10
6
35
31
14
53
9
9
20
26
14
31
13
4
10
5
0
5
0
13
0
0
8
4
0
40
22
5
25
1
6
7
.066 .034 .074 .154
.083 .045 .141 .070
.124 .115 .104 .210
.176 .175 .159 .221
.054 .035 .078 .061
.077 .076 .059 .123
.065 .074 .052 .068
.001 .001 0
0
.037 .032 .037 .055
.003 .003 .004
0
.077 .034 .108 .145
.002 0
.001 0
0
0
0
0
.046 .054 .039 .033
.059 .051 .078 .037
.010 .010 .014 0
. 123 .083 .111 .288
.248 .132 .328 .450
.046 .041 .050 .053
.115 .114 .117 .118
.057 .037 .098 .024
.066 .035 .086 .122
.029 .028 .027 .037
45
4
51
7
17
0
18
5
17
4
21
2
11
0
12
0
i
176
47
1
60'
11
33
40i
55i
0i
2!
0
74
20
0
20
3
11
10
19
0
0
0
77
14
1
28
5
16
12
28
0
2
1
25
13
0
12
3
6
18
8
0
0
.149
.013
.033
.020
.203
.001
.128
.024
.001
.043
.006
.079i
.089i
.127
0
.007'
.585i
.509i
.047'
.012!
0
0
.107
.022
.031
.164
0
.112
.016
0
0
.033
.003
.053
.053
.090
.178 .222
.035 0
.045 .041
.012 0
.231 .270
0
.007
.159 .107
.013 .078
.002 0
.051 .060
.006 .018
.098 .123
.058 .291
.175 .134
0
0
.019 0
.636 .933
.550 .778
.063 .070
.009 .010
.004 .012
.010 .063
3.5
.2
.9
.4
5.0
.1
2.8
.8
(3)
1.1
.2
2.4
2.5
3.4
0
.2
7.2
5.5
1.0i
.2!
.2!
.3 !
2.5
0
.6
.6
3.9
0
2.4
.6
0
.8
.1
1.5
1.4
2.3
0
0
5.1
4.0
.7
.3
.1
3.2 7.2
4.6 2.6
3.8 6.4
4.8 8.2
2.1 1.8
1.9 4.4
1.4 1.7
0
0
.8 1.2
.1 0
2.8 3.5
.1 0
0
0
.9
1.1
1.8 1.0
.2 0
3.3 9.4
8.0 11.4
.5
.8
3.5 3.6
2.2
.6
1.7 2.3
1.0 1.2
4.1
.7
1.2
.2
5.5
0
3.5
.5
.1
1.3
.1
3.0
1.7
4.5
0
.6
7.7
5.7
1.3
.2
.2!
.31
5.4
0
1.2
0
7.5
.4
2.6
2.5
0
1.7
.3
3.9
8.4
3.9
0
0
13.1
9.9
1.4
.2
.6
1.0
.447
67
.401
298i 112 119
16
80i 26 38
.028
20' 11
3
.016
6
.0 0 4
14
2
6
.001
6
(3 )
1
7
9
. 0131 .001
17
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
224
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
F ood U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l4___ _
Potatoes
Sweetpotatoes, yams----------Prip/l Ip.^iimes and nuts, total _
Dried corn_____________ ____
Beans: D r y -----------------Canned, d r ie d ------Baked, not canned--Peas: Black-eyed--------- -Other_____ _______
Nuts: Shelled--- ------. ----In shell____ _ . - --Peanut b u tte r ... _
. ...
Other dried legumes and nuts
Tomatoes: Fresh--- -----C anned._______ _ .
Juice___________ -Sauce, paste___ . . .
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
Brussels sprouts. ._
------Cabbage... . . . ___ _
Sauerkraut____ _
_ .. ..
Collards____ ______ ______ _
K a l e . . . ____
_____ . . . ___
Lettuce _________ _
Spinach: Fresh--------------Canned. . . . . . ..
Other leafy vegetables __
Asparagus: Fresh
... ...
Canned .. ._. .
Lima beans: Fresh..
--Canned. ____
Beans, snap (string): Fresh _. _
Canned.
Broccoli___ _ .
_______
Peas: Fresh_________ . . . _
C a n n e d ..____ . . .
Peppers_____ . __ __
Okra______ _
Yellow vegetables, total . . . __
Carrots.. __ _ j .
___
Winter squash and pumpkin _
Other vegetables, total.. _
Beets: Fresh______ _ _____
Canned___ _____ ___
Cauliflower_________________
Celery. __________________
Corn: On ear
_. . . . ____
Canned.
. . . __ _
Cucumber_________________
Eggplant--------------------Onions: M ature.
... ... _
Spring_____________
Parsnips . . . . ____ _____
Summer squash___
White turnips .
_____
Yellow turnips, rutabaga . . .
Other vegetables... _ _____
Pickles and olives___ _______
Citrus fruits, total. _____ _
Lem ons...
___ _________
O r a n g e s.__ _
. ..
Grapefruit: F r esh ... _
Canned___ . . .
Av. expenditure per
Av. quantity purchased
Families using in
person 1 in 1 wk.
per person i in 1 wk.
1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
level—Fami
Families spending
spending per
lies spending
per expenditure
All
All
All per expend,
expenditure
unit per year
fami unit per year
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der
to
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
11. 233
3.674
.012
.218
0
.081
.068
.004
.002
.007
.005
.005
.046
0
. 161
.196
.032
.009
1.390
0
.262
.028
.002
.018
.164
.296
.021
.022
.081
.005
.004
.020
.179
.079
.017
.036
.100
.056
0
.441
.370
.071
1.032
.037
.032
.025
.114
0
.070
.046
.009
.370
.031
.104
0
.010
.176
.008
13.996
3.742
.049
. 198
0
.048
.075
.014
0
.001
.005
.032
.023
0
.287
.198
.081
.015
2.175
0
.464
.010
0
.014
.274
.276
.015
.016
.232
.019
.003
.018
.322
.105
.069
.088
.203
.047
0
.643
.472
.171
1.284
.158
.014
.036
.189
0
.075
.053
0
.488
.028
.022
.010
0
.201
.010
0
87
67
7
2
9
9
17
89
0
46
22
3
1
4
1
4
37
0
30
32
2
1
3
5
3
44
0
11
13
2
0
2
3
10
8
148
161
26
47
45
69
3
24
60
63
14
17
43
29
9
6
0
127
18
1
10
264
182
19
13
58
11
11
16
147
75
32
30
121
51
0
6
0
50 38
6 10
1
0
3
6
90 103
71 80
8
7
5
6
12 24
1
3
4
6
7
5
49 58
26 25
9
14
8 12
42 39
18 22
0
0
0
39
2
0
1
71
31
4
2
22
7
1
4
40
24
9
10
40
11
0
295 108 120
42 11 18
67
13
49 16 13
31 15 13
26
5 13
106 45 16
0
0
0
65 25 28
47 13 20
13
9
4
295 120 116
22
7 11
29
9 14
2
0
0
5
1
4
104 42 43
16
5
4
20
3
8
45
0
12
14
0
59
4
6
2
0
19
7
9.973
3.288
.014
. 193
0
.078
.054
.006
.001
.005
.003
.012
.034
0
.148
.178
.027
.063
1.274
0
.266
.016
.001
.016
.154
.244
.015
.021
.080
.005
.005
.013
.164
.064
.031
.035
.101
.043
0
.400
.329
.071
.872
.053
.025
.018
.096
0
.057
.037
.012
.326
.022
.046
.001
.004
.164
.011
120 32 47
347 112 150
113 29 51
16
2
6
41
85
33
8
1.993 1.391 2. 410 3.023
.077 .041 .080 .190
1.540 1.117 1.865 2.186
.365 .230 .454 .608
.011 .003 .011 .039
392 142 159
9
3
1
91
5
7. 885
2.877
.004
. 174
0
.084
.038
.004
.001
.005
.001
.011
.030
0
.097
.158
.006
.115
.928
0
.212
.009
0
.016
.112
.197
.010
.021
.034
.001
.007
.006
.107
.041
.030
.019
.073
.033
0
.301
.258
.043
.636
.033
.022
.008
.056
0
.041
.026
.018
.247
.014
.011
0
.001
.145
.014
C t.
52.6
4.3
.1
2.4
0
.6
.6
.1
(3)
.1
.1
.3
.6
0
1.7
1.8
.3
.4
12.3
0
1.3
.2
(3)
.2
2.0
2.1
.2
.2
1.0
.1
.1
.1
1.5
.8
.4
.4
1.3
.4
0
2.4
2.0
.4
7.1
.3
.3
.3
1.3
0
.7
.4
.1
1.9
.1
.1
(3
)
(3
)
.7
.1
.8
9.4
.7
7.3
1.3
.1
C t.
37.3
3.8
(3)
1.7
0
.6
.3
(3)
(3)
.1
(3)
.2
.5
0
1.0
1.7
.1
.6
8.1
0
1.0
.1
0
.2
1.4
1.6
.1
.1
.4
(3)
.1
(3)
.9
.5
.3
.2
.9
.3
0
1.7
1.5
.2
4.9
.2
.2
.1
.8
0
.5
.2
.2
1.5
.1
.1
0
(3
)
.6
.1
.3
5.9
.4
4.8
.7
(3
)
C t.
C t.
58.7
4.6
1
2.7
0
.5
.8
.1
(3)
.1
.2
.1
.9
0
2.0
1.9
.4
.3
13.3
0
1.4
.3
(3)
.2
2.2
2.6
.2
.2
1.0
.1
(3)
.2
1.6
1.0
.2
.4
1.2
.5
0
2.6
2.2
.4
8.3
.3
.4
.3
1.5
0
.9
.5
.1
2.1
.2
.2
0
(3
)
.8
.1
.9
11.4
.7
8.9
1.7
.1
89.9
5.5
.2
2.7
0
.4
.8
.2
0
(3)
.1
.8
.4
0
3.6
2.1
.8
.3
22.3
0
2.2
.2
0
.1
3.8
2.6
.2
.1
3.1
.5
(3)
.2
2.9
1.3
.9
1.0
2.6
.6
0
4.0
3.1
.9
12.8
.9
.2
.8
2.7
0
1.0
.7
.0
3.0
.3
.1
.2
0
.7
.2
2.0
16. 5
1.7
12.0
2.4
.4
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the
number of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals
during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was
counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
225
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H IT E F A M IL IE S—Continued
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
AH
fami
lies
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Other fruits, t o t a l.____ _ __
Apples: F resh ._ _ _______
. Canned_________
Apricots: Fresh........ ............
Canned___________
B a n a n a s_____
__________
Berries: Fresh______________
Canned______
_ _
Cherries: Fresh________ _
_
Canned___________
Grapes: Fresh____________
Canned____________
Peaches: Fresh- _______ __
Canned--. ___ __ __
Pears: Fresh___ ____________
Canned________ _____
Pineapple: Fresh___ ________
Canned_________
M elons.. ______ _ - ______
Plums: Fresh___ ________ .
Canned_______
Other fruit________ _ _ _ _ _ _
Cider_________________ ___
Grape juice___________ _ _ _
Other fruit juices____ _______
Dried: Apricots_______ _____
P e a c h e s___ _ _ ___ .
Prunes _ ______ _ ___
Raisins______ _______
Dates__
_____ _
Figs------------------Other. _______ _____
Sugars and sweets, total____ __
Sugars: W hite_______
___
B row n._ _ _____ _
Other sweets: Candy. ________
Jellies._ ________
Molasses, sirups _
Other sweets _ __
Miscellaneous, total __ ______ _
Gelatine________ . . . __ . . .
Packaged dessert m ix tu res____
Tea
_____________
___
Coffee____ ______________ _ _
Cocoa____ _____ _______ _
C hocolate_____________ ____
Vinegar __________ _______ .
Salt_________________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
Spices and ex tra cts___ ___ ___
Catsups, s a u c e s ._________ __
Tomato soup__________ _____
Other soups___ ___ ______ _ _
Cod-liver oil________ ________
Proprietary foods____________
Other foods___ ___ _________
Soft drinks consumed at horne.Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food___ __ •_______
N o.
273
4
1
3
199
58
5
0
3
6
0
2
55
11
21
9
54
0
0
1
21
0
5
8
9
3
132
80
7
3
1
N o. N o.
98 115
1
3
1
0
0
3
76 79
13 18
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
1
0
0
2
0
19 19
3
5
8
6
2
1
14 21
0
0
0
0
1
0
6
5
0
0
1
3
1
2
4
3
2
1
40 57
2 39
2
2 3
2 1
0
0
409 158
23
2
73 33
100 36
67 22
157
13
24
38
33
60
0
0
0
44
27
5
0
1
0
0
0
17
3
7
6
19
0
0
0
10
0
1
5
2
0
35
19
2
0
1
94
8
16
26
12
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
1.523
.683
.004
0
.002
.425
.050
.002
0
.002
.006
0
.001
.045
.011
.017
.014
.053
0
0
(5)
.022
0
.002
.008
.004
.003
.115
.047
.005
.001
.001
1. 362
1.225
.017
.036
.051
.031
.002
1.198
.531
.007
0
0
.369
.023
0
0
.001
.010
0
0
.039
.009
.014
.008
.029
0
0
0
.018
0
.001
.005
.004
.001
.086
:037
.004
.002
0
1.081
1.001
.001
.022
.034
.021
.002
1.658
.775
0
0
.006
.473
.053
0
0
.001
.003
0
.004
.039
.012
.016
.006
.059
0
0
.001
.014
0
.004
.003
.003
.005
.127
.051
.003
0
0
1.473
1.294
.030
.043
.064
.040
.002
2.301
.977
0
0
0
.498
. 135
.016
0
.010
0
0
0
.081
.016
.028
.052
.120
0
0
0
.055
0
.003
.028
.007
0
.184
.067
.014
0
.010
2.060
1.826
.042
.064
.079
.044
.005
Lb.
N o.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
unit per year
families
Un $400 $600
$600
der to and
and
over
$400 $600 over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
32 11 12
98 33 43
317 119 124
368 133 151
134 74 47
14
3
5
74
84
13
6
.008
.028
.090
.179
.032
.004
.004
.018
.072
.139
.040
.002
.014
.033
. 102
.204
.025
.006
.011
.050
.123
.253
.019
.005
111
51
51
28
11
50
27
21
8
4
6
3
17
9
.087
.042
.012
.010
.010
.101
.047
.068
.032
.011
.007
.005
.035
.024
.104
.055
.014
.013
.017
.149
.046
.108
.039
.010
.014
.008
.206
.129
47
20
23
12
5
11
8
43
23
24
10
3
22
10
9
2
2
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
a t.
C t.
C t.
10.4
3.5
(3
)
0
(3
)
2.1
.8
(3
)
0
(3
)
.1
0
(3
)
.6
.1
.2
.1
.7
0
0
(3)
.2
0
(3)
.1
.1
(3)
1.2
.5
.1
(3)
(3)
8.8
6.3
.1
.9
.9
.5
.1
19.0
.3
.8
4.5
4.9
.6
.1
.4
.7
.7
.1
.4
1.1
.5
.7
.5
7.8
2.5
.1
0
0
1.7
.4
0
0
(3
)
.1
0
0
.5
.1
.2
.1
.5
0
0
0
.1
0
(3)
.1
.1
(3)
.8
.4
.1
(3)
0
6.6
5.1
(3)
.6
.6
.3
(3)
14.0
.1
.5
3.4
3.7
.8
(3)
.3
.6
.6
.1
.3
.9
.4
.8
11.1 19.1
4.0 5.4
0
0
0
0
.1 0
2.4 2.7
.8 2.3
0
.2
0
0
.2
(3
)
0
(3
)
0
0
.1 0
.5 1.2
.2
.1
.2
.4
.4
(3
)
.7 1.6
0
0
0
0
0
(3)
.7
.1
0
0
.1 (3)
.4
(3)
.1
.2
.1 0
1.3 2.1
.5
.7
.2
(3)
0
0
.2
-0
9.7 13.9
6.7 9.3
.2 .3
1.0 1.8
1.1 1.6
.6
.7
.1
.2
21.2 30.3
.4
.5
1.0 1.5
5.0 7.2
5.6 7.5
.3
.5
.1
.2
.5
.7
.7 1.0
.7
.9
.1
.1
.5
.5
1.2 1.3
.6
.5
.6 1.0
.7
.7
.2
.9
1.6
.2
.1
.4
.8
.2
1.2
1.6
C t.
.2
1.8
4.4
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person,
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
226
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
BUFFA LO , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami
lies
Item
Under $400 $400 to $600
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e and P u rch a sed
fo r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
___
__ - _______
Total
Grain products, t o t a l __ ____
Bread and other baked goods,
total
__________ ____
Bread: W hite_____________
Graham, whole wheat.
R ye----------------Crackers--- ---------------Plain rolls________________
Sweet rolls--- -------- --Cookies _______________ _
Cakes----- ----------------Pies___
--------------Other_____
___________
Ready-to-eat cereals---------Flour and other cereals,total. _
FlQur: W hite_____________
Graham___________
Other______ ____ _
Corn m eal______________ _
H om iny___ ____________
Cornstarch----------------Rice_______ ________ . . .
Rolled oats___________
Wheat cereal----- ______
Tapioca________ .
--- -Sago-----------------------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles
Other grain products------Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total__
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled__
loose___
skimmed____
buttermilk and
other___ _ _
Skimmed, dried. ______
Evaporated and con
densed____ ________
Cheese: American________
Cottage____________
Other____ __ . . __
Icecream___ ______ _ _ _ _ _
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
All
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
77
5.05
4.34
243
3. 72
3.18
Number of families surveyed in spring quarter---------Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons1per family in 1 wk_
Av. no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 w k ---
N o.
Lb.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
4.867 4.923 4.960 4.344
226
41
82
100
50
46
79
57
16
71
9
22
30
8
17
21
11
4
133
36
57
40
99
1
14
9
1
20
42
64
26
17
0
98
1
229
42
1
4
5
1
7
22
25
7
6
0
41
0
72
37
0
6
2
0
9
14
29
19
10
0
39
1
94
20
0
4
2
0
4
6
10
0
1
0
18
0
63
220
1
5
65
0
1
90
1
4
65
0
0
3.206
2.062
.160
.398
.148
.070
.085
. 118
.072
.037
.056
. 124
1. 537
1.084
0
.039
.013
0
.017
.068
.096
.034
.011
.001
. 173
.001
.709
5.186
4. 278
.019
.092
9
1
1
1
6
0
2
0
126
146
46
33
40
52
50
9
5
9
50
61
19
12
17
24
35
18
16
14
95
15
37
38
26
15
39
29
9
60
17
23
32
16
14
19
17
3
3.083
2.076
.116
.457
.122
.035
.096
.085
.026
.029
.041
.096
1.744
1.251
0
.020
.026
0
.008
.088
.092
.032
.010
0
.217
0
.540
3.979
3.109
0
.076
3. 342
2.128
. 144
.369
.157
.094
.077
.142
. 107
.054
.070
. 132
1. 486
1.021
0
.052
.006
0
.027
.051
. 117
.053
.015
.003
. 138
.003
.793
5. 870
4. 860
.051
. 158
100
3. 36
2.81
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
273.3 210.5 296.1 360. 6
43.9 40.7 46.2 43.7
32.4
17.6
1.4
3.5
2.0
1.2
1.4
2.0
1.7
.5
1.1
2.2
9.3
4.9
0
.4
.1
0
.2
.5
.8
.5
.2
(3)
1.7
0
12.7
34.9
24.4
(3)
.2
.058
.003
.022 . 112 .036
.007 0
0
.3
(3)
0
464
.141
.066
.020
.045
.554
. 132
.046
.006
.027
3.9
3.6
.7
.7
1.1
4.5
3.1
.4
.2
.6
.339
.170
.123
.054
.075
66
2.71
2.36
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
2.990
1. 859
.101
.325
.190
. 103
.075
. 147
. 104
.022
.064
.170
1.184
.838
0
.054
0
0
.018
.059
.066
0
.006
0
.143
0
.916
6. 510
5. 713
0
0
.426
.137
.058
.019
.049
$600 and
over
29.3
17.8
1.1
3.9
1.4
.5
1.6
1.3
.6
.4
.7
1.6
9.8
5.5
0
.2
.1
0
.1
.6
.7
.5
.2
0
1.9
0
9.5
26.7
17.6
0
.2
.1
34. 2
18.0
31.2
.2
2.1
1.6
1.2
2.6
2.3
.6
1.4
2.3
9.7
4.8
0
.5
0
0
.3
.4
1.0
.8
.3
(3)
1.6
0
14.1
38.6
27.6
.1
.4
33.5
16.1
1.0
3.1
3.3
1.7
1.5
2.4
2.7
.4
1. 3
3.3
6 9
3.7
0
.5
0
0
.2
.4
.6
0
.1
0
1.4
0
17.2
45. 8
32.9
0
0
.6
.2
(3)
3.6
3.7
.6
.7
1.3
3.0
4.7
1.3
1.7
2.0
0
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of number of
persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the
week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the
appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
227
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T a b l e 7 . — Food
used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N. Y.—W HITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 m 1 wk.
All
families
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
to
der
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All unit per year
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
1.044 0.824 1.060 1.489 27.4 20.3 28.0 41.5
Fats, total_____________ ______
Butter______________ _________
238 73 99
66
.436 .334 .469 .592 14.2 10.7 15.3 19.5
Cream_______________________
1.2
4 11
21
.043 .010 .031 . 139
.7 4.0
36
.3
.4
Other table fats_______ ________
8
2
.4
.2
19
9
.023 .028 .022 .011
.4
L a r d ________________________
.210 .192 .232 .207
3.0 2.8 3.3 3.2
167 59 72
36
Vegetable shortening. ............ .
1.2
13
.9 2.6
36 13 10
.056 .046 .048 .095
.8
Table or cooking oils__________
5
14
6
.6
.9
.2
3
.026 .033 .007 .048
.9
Mayonnaise and other salad
dressing____________________
27
2.0 1.3 2.1 3.1
90 26 37
.100 .078 .093 .159
44
.144 .091 .155 .238
Bacon, smoked_______________
137 35 58
4.6 2.8 5.0 8.0
Salt side of pork_______________
4
.006 .012 .003 0
.2
5
1
0
.1 0
.3
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, total _ _______________
2.983 2.617 3.088 3.583 67.7 53.3 71.9 90.4
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sirloin
28
5.2 2.8 6.2 8.4
92 19 45
.186 .111 .227 .270
top round------12
.095 .064 .125 . 106
2.5 1.6 3.2 2.9
51 13 26
other_ ________
_
9
8
.047 .042 .033 .034
26
9
1.0
.8
.7 1.9
4.8 3.2 3.2 11.2
Roast, rib____________
48 13 16
19
.199 . 139 .146 .430
chuck . . . _____
55 24 24
7
.200 .215 .212 . 145
3.9 3.8 4.5 2.9
other__________
4
2
.029 .041 .006 .048
7
1
.6
.9
.2 1.1
Boiling, chuck_______
36 17 12
7
.094 . 114 .063 . 105
1.7 1.9 1.2 2.1
plate____ ____
5
4
.2
0
.013 .026 .006 0
1
.3
.1 0
other_________
4
2
2
.007 .009 0
.017
.1
.2 0
.3
0
Canned____________________
2
.005 .006
3
0
1 .003 0
.1 0
.1
.1
Corned____________________
.029 .017 .017 .078
.5
13
3
4
6
.3
.3 1.5
Dried______________________
2
.002 .001 .004 0
3
1
.1 0
.1 0
0
1.6 1.9 1. 5 1.4
8
.099 .118 .086 .084
Other_________ ____________
48 23 17
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops______
2.2 2.1 2.3 2.4
51 19 20
12
.097 .097 .094 . 103
3.4 2.7 3.7 4.1
roast____ ______ _
32 13 12
. 167 .150 .175 .190
7
stew _____________
.079 .099 .087 .022
1.3 1.6 1.5
.4
33 16 14
3
Lamb: Fresh, chops__________
.2 1.5 1.7
26
3 14
9
.043 .013 .060 .075
1.0
roast.. _ ...
.018 0
.1 0
0
.007 0
.3 0
1
0
1
s t e w ____ ____
.064 .044 .062 . 112
9
.7 1.3 2.4
27
7 11
1.3
.184 . 132 . 191 .281
Pork: Fresh, chops_____ ____
35
105 27 43
5.0 3.3 5.3 8.0
loin r o a st__ _____
39 15 19
5
.175 . 171 .230 .078
3.8 3.7 5.1 1.9
other __ ___ _____
9
8
3
.078 . 108 .053 .061
1.6 2.2 1.1 1.1
20
Smoked ham, slices______
.9
.4
.5 3.0
5
8
.029 .009 .013 .102
18
5
half or whole
3.4 1.6 5.0 4.3
17
3
8
6
. 130 .059 .194 . 162
picnic_____
.025 .030 0
.5 0
4
.060
.6
1.8
7
3
0
Pork sausage. _ ________
44 12 21
.062 .043 .077 .078
1.4
.9 1.7 2.0
11
Other pork_____________
4
.2
.2
2
1
1 .010 .015 .006 .006
.1
.1
Miscellaneous meats, total_____
8.9 7. 6 10. 6 8. 5
.361 .341 .421 .290
Other fresh m eat__________ _
2
0
.002 .002 .003 0
0
1
1
(3)
(3)
(3)
Bologna, frankfurters. _______
162 54 77
.221 .232 .247 . 147
4.6 4.6 5.3 3.2
31
Cooked: Ham_ _ ________
_
46 10 25
1.5
.8 2.3 1.6
11
.030 .017 .046 .028
Tongue____________
7
3
3
1 .004 .005 .004 .003
.1
.1
.1
.1
1.4 1.2 1.7 1.2
Liver___ _ _
_ _ _______
8
45 12 25
.060 .054 .077 .039
Other meat products________
12
.044 .031 .044 .073
1.3
.9 1.2 2.4
32
9 11
Poultry: Chicken, broiling ___
5
5
1.5
.2 1.8 3.4
11
1
.051 .008 .063 . 123
5
1.3 1.0
.4 3.4
roast_______
9
3
1
.047 .044 .012 .122
stew _______
2
.052 .026 .077 .063
1.3
.6 2.0 2.1
10
6
2
Turkey______________
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other_______ _____ _
.2
.2
.3 0
1
1
0
0
.011 .010 .018 0
Fish and other sea food, total. __
.308 .321 . 307 .282
6.0 5.9 6.1 6.0
Fish: Fresh___________ _____
4.5 4.9 4.3 4.1
117 47 45
25
.235 .270 .216 .194
Canned . . . _ _________
1.1
.8 1.4 1.3
51 14 25
12
.062 .047 .075 .069
Cured____ ___________
2
1 .003 .002 0
.011
.1
.2 0
.3
1
0
.012 .007
.2 0
.3
5
2
Oysters _______ _
__ . . .
0
3
.006 0
.3
5
Other sea food___
_______
1
3
1
.002 .002 .004 .001
.1 (3)
.1 (3)
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
228
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
BU FFA L O , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l4_____
Potatoes __ -----------Sweetpotatoes, yams-----------
Av. quantity purchased
Families using in
Av. expenditure per
per person 1 in 1 wk.
1 wk.
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
All
All
All per expend,
expenditure
unit per year
fami unit per year fami
fami unit per year
lies U n $400 $600 lies
lies U n
U n $400 $600
$400 $600
der
der to and
to
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
a .
C t . C t.
C t.
53.9 38. 2 60 4 75. 3
7.6 7.1 7.6 8 . 5
.2 (3)
.3
.3
1 2 1 3 1. 2 1. 6
Dried corn------ ----0
0
0
0
0
o’
o’
o’
Beans: Dry__ . . --------38 19 13
6
.4
.5
.5
.3
Canned, dried_____ .
2
4
1
7
.1
.1
.1
.2
Baked, not canned--0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Peas: Black-eyed-----------0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other____________ _
2
1
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
2
Nuts: Shelled. _____ ______
8
3
3
.2
.0
.4
.3
In sh ell.__ _
_ 1
1
0
0
.1 0
0
(3)
Peanut butter----------23 11
7
5
.5
.6
.3
.7
(3)
Other dried legumes and nuts
0
0
(3)
Tomatoes: Fresh------ ---- -41
13
7 21
1.1
.4 1.6 1.7
C a n n e d ..___ ___
24
101 36 41
2.0 1.7 2.2 2.0
J u ic e __________ _
25
7
9
9
.6
.2
.6 1.3
Sauce, paste _ ____
2
8
3
3
.1 (3)
.2
.1
Green and leafy vegetables, total11.1 7.4 12 6 15.1
Brussels sprouts---- -----0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Cabbage. ------------------26
127 44 57
1.5 1.3 1.8 1.4
Sauerkraut___ ____ _
__
42 11 19
12
.5
.3
.9
.7
1
Collards____ ___ _ _ ___
1
0
0
.1
0
0
(3)
0
0
Kale. _ --------------- --0
0
0
0
0
0
182 55 75
52
Lettuce. _
_______ ______
3.0 2.0 2.9 5.3
Spinach: Fresh_________
53 20 24
9
.9
.7
.9
.9
C a n n ed ____ _ _ _
2
14
3
9
.1
.1
.3
.6
Other leafy vegetables__ ___
2
1
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
Asparagus: Fresh_______ _
22
5 22
49
1.0
.2 1.2 2.2
Canned __ _ _ ___
1
0
1
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
Lima beans: Fresh _______
2
1
0
1
.1
0
0
(3)
Canned __ _ _
14
4
5
5
.2
.2
.1
.3
Beans, snap (string): Fresh .__
14
4 11
29
.2
.6
.6 1.2
Canned.
37 14 18
5
.2
.4
.6
.8
Broccoli___ _______ _____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Peas: Fresh........... ... __ . . .
5 10
5
20
.5
.3
.6
.6
Canned______ _
92 31 39
22
1.8 1.5 2.0 1.8
Peppers______ _
___
5
6
20
9
.2
.1
.2
.3
Okra________ _ _____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Yellow vegetables, to t a l____
1. 7 1.2 1.9 2. 2
Carrots.. ___ ------ --- -147 46 66
35
1.7 1.2 1.9 2.2
Winter squash and pumpkin _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other vegetables, to ta l4___ _ _
7.1 4.8 8. 2 10.1
Beets: Fresh______ _ _ _ _ _
22
8
7
7
.3
.4
.4
.3
Canned... _ ___ __
21
5 12
4
.2
.3
.2
.4
C auliflow er_____
__
29
7 13
9
.5
.2
.9
.6
Celery.
_ ____________
120 28 59
33
1.6
.9 2.0 2.5
Corn: On ear.
___ ___ _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned _ __ ______
59 22 19
18
1.0
.8
.9 1.5
Cucumber_______ _ ______
43 13 20
10
.7
.6
.7
.8
Eggplant--------------------0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Onions: M ature._ ____ ___
107 30 48
1.2
29
.8 1.5 1.4
Spring.______ _ ___
5 14
26
7
.1
.4
.3
.4
Parsnips..
.
_. . . .
1
.1 (3)
7
3
3
.1
.1
Summer squash... ________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
W hite turnips__ _____ _
2
2
7
3
.1
.1
(3)
(3)
Yellow turnips, rutabaga.. _ _
22
.1
3
.2
8 11
.2
.3
Other vegetables___. . . _ _
2
.1 0
.1
8
0
.2
6
Pickles and olives.._______ _
.6
.8
.6 1.7
Citrus fruits, total. _ .. _______
.772 1.363 1.881
8.7 5. 5 9.6 14.3
1. 210
Lemons______________ ___
52 10 20
22
.065 .030 .068 .137
.7
.3
.8 1.6
Oranges_____ _____ . . . .
6.6 4.6 7.4 9.7
193 60 82
51
.940 .652 1.078 1.308
Grapefruit: Fresh_
_ __
22
1.3
.6 1.2 2.8
49
9 18
.199 .090 .205 .425
.012 .011
.1 0
.2
.2
4
2
2
.006 0
Canned.
___ .
0
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
N o.
217
9
N o. N o.
71
1
87
5
N o.
59
3
Lb.
10.355
3. 552
.031
. 127
0
.064
.020
0
0
.002
.005
.001
.032
.003
.069
.262
.060
.005
1.720
0
.631
.094
.004
0
.281
.150
.034
.001
.144
.001
.001
.021
.054
.070
0
.051
.175
.008
0
.338
.338
0
.918
.056
.033
.052
.195
0
.098
.052
0
.302
.035
.019
0
.017
.053
.006
Lb.
Lb.
8. 350 11. 603
3. 396 3. 607
.005 .051
. 138 . 123
0
0
.073 .064
.022 .019
0
0
0
0
.002 .003
.001 .005
.002 0
.038 .024
0
.008
.023 . 104
.220 .296
.025 .060
.005 .004
1.295 2. 014
0
0
.540 .762
.053 .113
0
0
0
0
.197 .279
.148 .171
.011 .071
0
.001
.041 .167
0
.004
0
0
.012 .028
.022 .058
.062 .097
0
0
.038 .065
.166 .191
.005 .007
0
0
.271 .391
.271 .391
0
0
.643 1.150
.056 .051
.019 .053
.031 .062
.121 .235
0
0
.088 .091
.046 .058
0
0
.208 .417
.010 .055
.005 .024
0
0
.010 .027
.049 .066
0
.011
Lb.
12. 349
3. 781
.050
. 102
0
.045
.014
0
0
0
.012
0
.031
0
.103
.286
.134
.007
2. 087
0
.584
.149
.020
0
.465
.114
.014
.003
.324
0
.006
.028
. 114
.034
0
.054
.161
.017
0
. 386
.386
0
1.075
.067
.024
.078
.279
0
.134
.054
0
.288
.054
.039
0
.011
.039
.008
229
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T a b l e 7 . — Food
used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA LO , N . Y —W HITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d Used]at H o m e , E t c . —’Con.
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
All
All unit per year
fami
fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
Other fruits, total____ ________
2.063 1.557 2. 440 2. 457 12. 5 8.6 14.5 18.0
Apples: Fresh______________
115 37 49
29
.902 .785 1.065 .847
2.8 2.4 3.2 3.0
Canned____________
7
2
2
.015 .012 .015 .021
.1
.1
3
.1
1
Apricots: Fresh_____ ___ ___
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Canned________ _
6
2
3
.007 .008 .007 .007
.1
.1
.1 (3)
144 44 64
Bananas_____________ __ ___
.604 .451 .724 .712
36
3.6 2.6 4.3 4.4
Berries: Fresh______________
51
7 24
.107 .037 .141 .197
20
1.5
.5 1.8 2,9
C anned___________
5
1
9
.007 .009 .009 0
3
.1
.1
.1 0
Cherries: Fresh__________ _
1
1
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
Canned___________
9
2
3
.003 0
.014 (3)
0
0
0
.2
Grapes: Fresh. ____________
1
1
0
.001 0
0
0
.006 (3)
0
0
(3)
C anned... . . . _ __ _
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
4
Peaches: Fresh____________
1
3
.1
.2 0
0
.011 .009 .019 0
.1
Canned___________
67 19 27
21
.088 .055 . 106 .125
1.1
.7 1.2 1.6
Pears: Fresh___________ _ _
1
1
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
Canned___ _______
4
5
.027 .020 .022 .054
6
.4
.3
.3
.7
Pineapple: Fresh___________
36 10 13
.125 .080 .143 .187
13
1.0
.6 1.1 1.5
Canned________
.045 .011 .066 .080
31
3 14
14
.8 1.2
.6
.2
M elons.. . . . __ ______ _ __
1
1
.001 0
0
0
.003 0
0
0
(3)
(3)
Plums: Fresh______________
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
4
Canned___ ________
5
1
.003 0
.007 0
.1 0
0
0
(3)
Other fruit________ ____ ____
.005 0
2
0
2
0
.026 (3)
0
0
.2
0
_
Cider. . . _____________
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.004 .005 .004 0
Grape ju ic e ________________
1
2
1
0
.1 (3)
0
(3)
9
.1 0
.1
Other fruit juices_____ _____
3
6
.011 0
.010 .038
0
.5
Dried: Apricots____ _____
4
.004 .005 .003 .006
2
1
1
.1
.1
.1
.1
Peaches.________ _ _
1
1
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Prunes______________
39 12 15
.069 .054 .062 . 112
12
.7
.6 1.2
.5
.021 .013 .034 .014
Raisins __ _____ _
.2
.4
21
4 14
.2
.2
3
1
D ates________ _____
4
2
.003 .002 0
1
.011 (3)
0
.2
(3)
Figs_________________
.000 .001 0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
Other_____ ________
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.372 1.094 1.540 1. 656 10.2 7.1 10.9 15.8
Sugars and sweets, to ta l..............
Sugars: W hite______________
217 72 91
54 1.183 .998 1.348 1.274
6.4 5.5 7.1 6.9
.025 .010 .033 .045
.2
.4
18
5
.1
Brown____ _________ _
3 10
.3
.096 .044 . 103
194
2.7 1.0 2.6 6.6
Other sweets: C andy________
66 17 29
20
.022 .023 .020 .022
.4
39 11 16
12
.4
.3
.5
Jellies_________
9
7
.039 .019 .036 .087
22
.4
.4
Molasses, sirups. _
6
.9
.2
.1 0
.007 0
Other sweets. __
0
.034
0
.6
Miscellaneous, total. ._ __
22.6 14.7 26.0 30.9
Gelatine_____________ . . . . . .
2
2
.001 0
0
0
0
.006 (3)
0
0
.2
1.4
21
78 19 38
.043 .026 .052 .061
.8 1.7 1.8
Packaged dessert mixtures.
.059 .049 .065 .069
3.2 2.6 3.4 4.2
Tea___________________
___
128 39 56
33
Coffee. ___ _____ __________
218 74 90
54
.313 .269 .342 .352
7.0 5.7 7.5 8.4
.035 .037 .041 .020
.7
.8
Cocoa____________ _____ _____
38 18 15
5
.7
.4
2
.003 .008
.1 0
.1
C hocolate_______________ _ _
4
2
.003 0
.2
0
.4
Vinegar____ ____
.2
.3
.4
.4
.4
Salt_____________________
.3
.8
.5
.4
.3
Baking powder, yeast, soda___
.6
.1
.1
.1
.2
Spices and extracts
.1
.8
.5
.6
Catsups, sa u ces___
__
.105 .065 .149 .112
1.4
.7 2.0 1.7
13
Tomato soup___
__________
64 15 36
12
.043 .014 .050 .091
.6
.2
.7 1.3
5 10
Other soups____ ____ ________
27
.022 .011 .013 .061
1.1
.7 2.3
.9
14
4
6
4
Cod-liver oil_______ . . . _____
5
.005 .007 .004 0
9
4
.2
.4
.2 0
Proprietary foods____________
0
0
1
1
.001 0
.003 0
Other foods___ _ _ __________
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
.5
.1
.7
.8
14
2
6
6
.060 .020 .079 .110
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
.364 .116 .537 .576
4.4 1.2 6.6 7.1
5 28
16
Other drinks consumed at home.
49
Sales tax on food_________ _____
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
230
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
JO HNSTOW N, PA.—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami
lies
Item
Under $400 $400 to $600
Number of families surveyed in winter quarter_________
Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons1per family in 1 wk__
Av. no. of food expenditure u n its2 per family in 1 w k___
All
fami
lies
T o t a l_________________________
Grain products, total_____ __ _
Bread, baked goods, total___
Bread: W hite_____________
G r a h a m , w h o le
wheat__________
R y e ______________
Crackers________ ___ __ _
Plain rolls________ _ ___ _
Sweet r o lls ______
____
Cookies__________ _______
Cakes____________________
Pies ___________ ___ _
Other___________
Ready-to-eat cereals _ ______
Flour and other cereals, total
Flour: White _____ _
Graham. ___
Other _
_____
Corn m eal________ ___ ___
H o m in y ..
_ _ _ __ . . .
Cornstarch____ ________
Rice _ . . . _____. . . _ . . .
Rolled oats ______________
Wheat cereal____________ _
Tapioca___ ___________
Sago-----------------------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain produ cts___
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total.__
Milk, Fresh, whole—bottled..
loose___
skimm ed.. _ . . .
buttermilk and
other... . . . .
Skimmed, d r ie d ._____
Evap. and cond _____
Cheese: American_______ _ _
Cottage _ . _ _ _ _ _
O t h e r .____________
Ice cream. __
_ __________
N o.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
N o. N o.
N o.
119
80
29
10
13
16
65
5
16
23
21
10
5
12
46
1
8
13
10
8
6
4
13
3
6
8
8
2
2
0
6
1
2
2
3
0
80
63
14
3
119
0
9
14
1
9
49
43
50
4
0
63
0
136
89
0
8
10
1
7
40
33
44
3
0
43
0
95
20
0
1
2
0
0
6
6
3
0
0
13
0
30
10
0
0
2
0
2
3
4
3
1
0
7
0
11
125 ” 90 ” 25 ” To
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
4
0
112
74
8
16
24
3
0
83
48
6
9
16
0
0
23
16
1
5
5
11
30
3. 23
2.69
2. 45
2.11
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e a nd P u r ch a sed
lor C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
112
4.82
4.11
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
153
4.27
3.69
$600 and
over
i
0
6
10
1
2
3
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
4. 722 4.782 4. 438 4.471
2.143 1.901 3.150 3. 350
1. 772 1. 615 2. 405 2. 633
.074
.051
.111
.007
.033
.031
.035
.013
.016
.070
2. 509
2.026
0
.035
.066
.007
.011
.068
.081
.033
.004
0
.178
0
.434
3. 450
2.667
0
(5)
0
.016
.607
.086
.013
.019
.042
.039
.047
.107
.002
.018
.023
.027
.013
.010
.061
2. 820
2. 322
0
.041
.069
.009
.009
.072
.084
.032
.005
0
.177
0
.376
3.205
2. 424
0
(5)
0
.238
.088
.117
.030
. 101
.066
.066
.015
.024
. 130
1.158
.807
0
.011
.060
0
.012
.038
.056
.032
0
0
. 142
0
.656
4.340
3.820
0
0
.002 0
0
.643
.070
.014
.015
.037
.323
.118
.005
.034
.040
All
fami
lies
0
0
.193
.171
.022
.086
.070
.068
. 107
.040
1.081
.471
0
0
.027
0
.043
.086
.096
.043
0
0
.315
0
.790
5.139
3.374
0
0
0
.368
.917
.287
.022
.025
.146
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
a .
C t.
C t.
C t.
180.5
33.0
17.6
12.4
164.3
32.0
15.5
11.4
224.6
36. 9
27.0
16.4
362.5
39.8
28.7
18.8
.6
.5
1.7
.1
.5
.6
.7
.2
.3
1.2
14.2
9.9
0
.2
.3
.1
.1
.5
.7
.6
.1
0
1.7
0
10.0
23.5
14.3
0
(3)
.1
0
5.0
2.5
.2
.6
.8
.3 2.0 1.3
.5
.7 0
1.7 2.0 2.4
.4
.5
(3)
.2 1.5 1.0
.4 1.5 1.5
.6 1.5 1.3
.2
.4 0
.2
.5 2.0
.9
1.1 2.0
15.4 7.9 10.2
11.3 4.4 2.3
0
0
0
.2
.1 0
.3
.2
.4
.1 0
0
.1
.1
.4
.5
.3
.9
.6 1.3
.7
.5
.8 1.1
.1 0
0
0
0
0
1.6 1.4 3.8
0
0
0
8.5 15.9 18.7
21.3 31.1 39.2
12.8 20.8 19.9
0
0
0
0
0
(3)
.1
0
4.9
2.2
.2
.4
.7
0
0
5.2
3.1
.1
1.1
.8
1.1
0
6.4
6.8
.5
1.3
3.2
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix \ t p. 456.
231
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
JO HNSTOW N, PA.—W H ITE F A M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 week
Item
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expendi
All ture unit per
year
fami
lies Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $800 over
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 week
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 week
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
unit per year
All
lies
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o od U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
Lb.
C t.
C i.
Fats, total_____________________
0.877 0.803 1.059 1.707 21.8 19.4 27.3 49.5
.374 .342 .467 .688 12.9 11.8 16.4 23.9
131 94 26
11
Butter_______________________
.5 (3)
5
1
Cream____________________
.019 .001 .038 .300
1
1.3 7.1
3
23 18
1
Other table fats_______________
.093 .093 .120 0
1.3 1.2 1.9 0
4
114 91 17
3.5 3.6 3.5 1.2
Lard________________________
.229 .232 .251 .086
6
.4
.2 1.3
Vegetable shortening__________
15
2
.022 .014 .066 .043
6
7
.6
Table or cooking oils__________
.3
.1 0
3
2
1
.010 .004 0
0
.171
6.4
Mayonnaise and other salad
dressing____________________
.6
.5
31 19
6
.036 .033 .024 .129
.5 2.9
6
52 34 10
2.2 1.9 2.4 7.4
Bacon, smoked_______________
8
.089 .078 .093 .290
1
Salt side of pork______________
.1
.1 0
1
0
0
0
0
.005 .006 0
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, total__________________
1.948 1.817 2.180 3.792 37.3 34.1 45.4 80.2
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir
2.8 2.4 5.4 3.0
48 31 14
loin_________
3
.125 .107 .224 .129
1.2 1.0 1.3 4.8
19 12
2
top round______
.062 .054 .069 .193
5
.8
other__________
.7
16 12
1
.052 .048 .022 .225
3
.7 3.8
2.6 2.2 3.0 8.9
26 19
2
Roast, rib____________
5
.131 .115 .144 .418
2.1 2.1 1.2 4.5
chuck_________
23 19
2
2
.123 .119 .095 .300
.2
.2
3
1
0
other__________
.012 .013 .012 0
.2 0
2
Boiling, chuck_______
33 25
1.7 1.8 1.5
1
.126 .131 .113 .071
.9
7
plate________
.9
27 23
1
.072 .076 .048 .086
.9
3
.7 1.3
other_________
.5 1.7 2.4
17
.7
9
5
3
.059 .038 . 120 .257
.1 0
2
0
Canned____________________
0
0
2
0
.003 .003 0
(3)
.1 0
2
1
1
Corned____________________
.004 0
.1 1.1
0
.009 .059
.1
.1 0
4
1
Dried______________________
0
.003 .002 0
.022
1.1
3
0
0
0
0 0
Other______________________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1.4 1.3 2.4
25 18
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops______
.065 .058 .108 .043
.8
6
.4 1.1 3.7
.7
10
2
.037 .025 .054 .225
5
3
roast_____________
.2
.2
1
stew _____________
.012 .014 .006 0
5
4
0
.1 0
.2 1.6 1.5
.5
11
1
Lamb: Fresh, chops__________
.017 .008 .060 .043
5
5
.2
.3 0
0
1
roast___________
.009 .011 0
0
1
0
0
.1
.1
stew____________
2
1
i
0
.2 0
.006 .005 .012 0
Pork: Fresh, chops____________
2.7 2.5 3.5 5.0
4
48 34 10
.123 .114 .145 .204
1.2 1.1 1.3 3.7
loin roast________
.069 .063 .066 .214
15 10
2
3
1.1
.9 1.9 3.0
other____________
4
1
.072 .062 .114 .118
17 12
Smoked ham, slices______
1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0
2
23 16
.049 .048 .054 .043
5
10
.084 .096 0
. 150
1.5 1.7 0
9
0
1
half or whole3.6
.2
.3 0
4
4
0
0
picnic____ ..
0
0
.015 .019 0
Pork sausage___________
1.6 1.4 2.7 2.5
36 23 10
3
.088 .071 .156 .173
.4
.4
Other pork_____________
.2 0
10
1
0
.028 .032 .012 0
9
4.0 3.7 6.1 4.7
Miscellaneous meats, total_____
.194 .190 .224 .189
Other fresh meat__________
1
1
.001 .001 0
0
0
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
1.3 1.3 1.2 2.1
38 29
3
Bologna, frankfurters______
.078 .077 .075 .107
6
1.8 1.6 3.1 1.8
Cooked: Ham ____________
38 22 13
3
.072 .071 .083 .054
Tongue__________
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
(3)
(3)
(5)
(5)
.4
.4
.5
12
1
Liver______________________
.025 .026 .020 .028
.8
8
3
.4 1.3 0
.5
10
6
4
0
Other meat products________
.018 .015 .046 0
.6
.3 2.0 0
4
2
2
0
Poultry: Chicken, broiling_____
.026 .019 .072 0
1.2 1.2 1.3 0
10
7
3
0
.053 .056 .054 0
roast_______
0
stew_______
.3
.3 0
2
2
0
.015 .018 0
0
0
2.2 2.2 0
1
Turkey______________
.074 .076 0
.300
10.5
5
4
0
.024 0
.1 0
.8 0
1
1
0
Other_______________
0
.003 0
2.9 2.6 3.3 8.4
Fish and other sea food, total__
.137 .126 .163 .330
34 26
1.7 1.6 1.5 3.0
6
2
Fish: Fresh_________________
.086 .085 .083 .129
.4
2
.4
.3
.6
15 10
3
Canned________________
.023 .023 .024 .030
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
Cured_________________
.4 1.3 4.8
.7
.027 .016 .048 .171
16 10
3
3
Oysters____________________
.1
.2
.2 0
2
1
1
0
.001 .002 .008 1 0
Other sea food______________
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
53959°— 39------16
232
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
JOHNSTOW N, PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All
All per expend.
fami- unit per year fami
lies Un- $400 $600
lies
der to and
$400 $600 over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit, npr w a r
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Av. expenditure per
person 4 m 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
8. 215 7. 532 10.136 14. 741 30. 6 26.1 41.8 88.6
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l4-----134 99 24
11 3.984 3. 894 4. 518 3.857
3.6 3.5 4.5 3.9
Potatoes_____________________
39 26
6
7
.8 4.8
.161 .128 .179 .771
.8
.6
Sweetpotatoes, yams----------. . . . __
.314 .298 .318 .652
Dried legumes and nuts, total. _
4.0 3.6 4.6 11.5
3
i
5
.002 .001 .012 0
.3 0
.1 (3)
Dried corn-------------------63 52 10
l
.154 . 163 .146 0
1.1 1.2 1.1 0
Beans: D ry------------------2
6
2
Canned, dried-------10
.3
.2
.036 .028 .022 .265
.3 3.2
Baked, not canned___
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
3
0
.1
.003 .004 0
0
Peas: Black-eyed___________
.1 0
0
5
.1
5
0
.012 .015 0
0
0
.2 0
Other________________
0
2
.2
8
1
5
.129
.008 .003 0
.1 0
Nuts: Shelled---------------3.0
2
27 17
8
In shell______________
.076 .064 .129 .129
1.7 1.4 2.7 3.3
2
.4
20 15
3
.023 .020 .009 .129
.4
.2 2.0
Peanut butter---------------Other dried legumes and nuts _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
3
.1 (3)
0
.120
.007 .002 0
Tomatoes: Fresh--------------0
2.0
72 53 13
.4
Canned___________
6
.055 .049 .107 0
.8 0
.3
2
2
2
.2 (3)
6
.021 .003 .054 .275
Juice---------------.5 2.3
.008 0
Sauce, paste-------1
0
1
0
0
.1 0
.001 0
(3)
4.7 3.7 8.3 11.4
Green and leafy vegetables, totaL
. 742 .637 1.107 1.500
.012 0
1
0
0
Brussels sprouts____________
1
.002 0
0
.3 0
(3)
3
.7
60 42 15
.308 .270 .441 .600
.6 1.1
Cabbage---------------------.7
4
.6
46 37
5
.113 .112 .135 .054
.6
Sauerkraut------------------.5
.4
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Collards___________________
0
0
.012 0
1
0
0
.002 0
1
0
.1 0
Kale_______________________
(3)
85 56 20
9
1.7 1.4 2.3 5.7
. 150 .129 .186 .459
Lettuce----------------------2
7
4
1
.1
Spinach: Fresh--------------.018 .015 .024 .043
.1
.2
.6
3
1
2
0
. 1 (3)
Canned___________
.005 .001 .023 0
.3 0
.012 0
Other leafy vegetables-------1
0
1
0
.002 0
0
.1
0
(3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
Asparagus: Fresh-----------0
0
1
1
1
.1 (8)
Canned_________
3
.004 .001 .006 .054
.1
.6
2
.086 (3)
1
0
1
0
Lima beans: Fresh----------.003 0
0
0
.6
4
Canned________
4
0
.1
0
0
.008 .009 0
.1 0
0
.1 (3)
8
3
5
Beans, snap (string): Fresh--0
.013 .004 .064 0
.7 0
32 23
.2
Canned8
1
.021 .016 .058 0
.1
.8 0
1
1
.002 0
.043 (3)
0
0
0
0
Broccoli—
0
.8
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Peas: Fresh------------------0
0
.9
8
5
50 37
Canned______________
.085 .077 .107 .161
.8 1.1 2.0
4
7
3
0
.1 (3)
Peppers____________________
.006 .003 .027 0
.7 0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Okra_______________________
0
0
.8
Yellow vegetables, total-------.8 1.0 1.9
. 150 .142 .189 .166
68 52 12
4
.8
Carrots____________________
.150 .142 .189 .166
.8 1.0 1.9
Winter squash and pumpkin. _
1
0
0
1 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.1 3.9 4.6 12.3
.529 .460 .624 1.524
Other vegetables, to ta l4_______
.1 (3)
2
6
3
1
.017 .004 .058 .129
.4
.4
Beets: Fresh_______________
14 11
.1
.4
.2 0
3
0
Canned_____________
.007 .004 .023 0
2
.032 .010 .129 .129
.3
10
2
6
Cauliflower_________________
.1 1.0 1.5
8
63 42 13
.126 . 105 . 136 .505
1.3 1.0 1.4 5.7
Celery-----------------------0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
Corn: On ear_______________
0
54 38 10
.9
6
.085 .084 .067 .161
.9
Canned______________
.8 1.9
1
.002 .002 0
0
Cucumber__________________
0
0
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Eggplant--------------------0
.232 .223 . 176 .600
.9
.9
Onions: Mature____________
87 66 14
7
.6 1.9
0
0
0
0
Spring_____________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
.1
2
1
.008 .007 .012 0
.1 (3)
Parsnips___________________
3
0
0
Summer squash_____________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
-0
0
0
0
.012 .011 .023 0
.1
.1
.1 0
5
4
1
0
White turnips______________
2
2
0
0
.007 .009 0
0
.1 0
Yellow turnips, rutabaga____
0
(3)
Other vegetables____________
.001 .001 0
0
0
7
6
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
.3
.3
.1
Pickles and olives___________
.9
Citrus fruits, total____________
.617 .468 .930 2.446
4.0 3.1 7.0 14.9
.4
Lemons____________________
16 12
.045 .044 .031 .129
.3
.3
3
1
.5
81 53 20
Oranges____________________
8
.479 .367 .794 1.546
3.3 2.5 6.0 11.0
Grapefruit: Fresh___________
17
9
3
5
.090 .053 .105 .771
.4
.2
.6 3.4
1
1
Canned_________
0
0
.003 .004 0
0
.1 0
0
(3)
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 means during ■
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
233
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
JOHNSTOW N, PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Ttpm
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families spending
All per expend.
fami- unit per year
Economio
Economic level—
level—Families
Families spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All
All
unit per year
fami
fami unit per year
lies
lies
Un- $400 $600
Un $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der
to
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o.
Apples: Fresh____ __ _____
Canned- ___
_ __
Apricots: Fresh_____ __ ___
Canned—
_ _ _
Bananas _ ___
Berries: Fresh- _ _ _ _ _ _ .
Canned __ ____
_
Cherries: Fresh____
Canned____ __
Grapes: Fresh,
----------Canned__________
Peaches: Fresh,.
_____
Canned.
_ ___ __
Pears: Fresh------- ------Canned_
_
_______
Pineapple: Fresh___________
Canned _ _ _ _ _
M elons.. _ __ _____
____
Plums: Fresh- _ ___ _
Canned_______ _
Other fruit________ _____ _
Cider _____ ___________ - _
Grape ju ice.__ __ __ ______
_______
Other fruit juices
Dried: Apricots------_ _
Peaches_________ _ .
Prunes. _ __ _ _
Raisins— _________
D ates. _ ___________
Figs------------------Other._ _____ _
__
Sugars and sweets, total
_ ____
Sugars: W hite._ . . .
. . .
Brown
. . . __ _ __
Other sweets: Candy_________
Jellies ___
Molasses, sirups..
Other sweets.
Miscellaneous, total____ __ _ _
Gelatine. ___________ ______
Packaged dessert mixtures
Tea. ______ _ _______ _
Coffee._______ _ __ _______
Cocoa ____ . . .
__ _
Chocolate__________ _______
Vinegar_____ ___________
Salt_________________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
Spices and extracts__ ____ __
Catsups, s a u c e s ._________ ___
Tomato soup __ ______ _____
Other soups_______ . . . _______
Cod-liver oil______________ ._
Proprietary foods . . .
__ __ _
Other foods _______ . . . _____ _
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food________________
84
0
0
0
55
1
5
1
6
13
0
1
24
0
20
1
10
0
0
2
17
0
2
0
5
7
21
42
10
1
1
N o.
N o.
N o.
17
0
0
0
34
0
3
1
5
6
0
1
14
0
14
0
6
0
0
1
13
0
1
0
5
5
14
33
6
1
1
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
8
0
5
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
2
4
6
1
0
0
140 106
35 24
42 26
38 26
16 13
24
10
12
6
2
45 31
10
5
35 29
140 104
40 32
5
2
8
4
5
26
5
1
6
1
1
10
3
2
1
5
3
3
1
1
2
5
2
1
0
0
0
0
17
17
9
6
4
2
8
11
10
5
3
3
1
6
Lb.
1. 634
10 1.130
0 0
0 0
0 0
6
.218
1
.002
2 0
0 0
1
.004
4
.026
0 0
0 0
2
.038
0 0
1
.003
1 0
3
.020
0 0
0 0
0 0
1
.030
0 0
.003
1
0 0
.009
0
.012
0
3
.045
.064
3
.028
3
0
(5)
.002
0
1.441
10 1.155
1
.056
4
.156
.025
6
.049
1
0
57
Lb.
1. 451
1.051
0
0
0
.163
0
0
0
.005
.011
0
0
.022
0
.004
0
.018
0
0
0
.021
0
0
0
.011
.009
.045
068
.021
(s)
.002
1. 493
1.229
.052
.136
.029
.047
0
.025 .025
.006 .004
.015 .015
.250 .237
.041 .044
.002 0
.030
.034
.011
.005
.002
.033
.089
.023
.018
.012
.001
.002
.038
.066
Lb.
2.102
1.396
0
0
0
.408
0
0
0
0
.059
0
0
.072
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.050
0
0
0
0
.035
.035
.035
.012
0
0
.940
.586
.095
.179
.009
.071
0
Lb.
3. 430
1.607
0
0
0
.600
.043
0
0
0
.214
0
0
.230
0
0
0
.131
0
0
0
. 133
0
.086
0
0
0
.086
.086
.214
0
0
2. 206
1.722
0
.484
0
0
0
.021 .035
.016 0
.022 0
.288 .354
.015 .066
.006 .032
.008
.093
.009
.030
.003
.009
.237
0
0
0
0
0
.261
. 115
C t.
C t.
7.9
3.2
0
0
0
1.3
(3)
0
0
.1
.3
0
0
.5
0
(3)
0
.2
0
0
0
.4
0
.1
0
.2
.2
.5
.6
.3
(3)
(3)
10.8
6.1
.4
3.6
.2
.5
0
13. 5
.8
.2
.8
6.1
.6
.1
.2
.4
.4
.2
.6
.3
.4
.6
.2
.1
.1
1.4
6 6 9. 6
2.'8 3! 7
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0 2.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1 0
.1
.7
0
0
0
0
.9
.3
0
0
0
(3)
0
0
.2 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.4
.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2 0
.1
.5
.4
.5
.4
.7
.2
.1
0
(3)
0
(3)
10. 4 8.4
6.5 3.4
.4
.6
2.9 3.4
.2
.1
.4
.9
0
0
12. 5 17.8
.6
.8
.4
.1
.7 1.0
5.7 7.2
.3
.6
0
.3
.3 0
.4
.4
.5
.3
.1
.4
.4
.6
.3
.1
.2
.9
.5 1.5
.1 1.2
.1
.3
.2
.1
1.3 2.4
C t.
C t.
23. 6
7. 6
0
0
0
3.5
.9
0
0
0
2.3
0
0
2.3
0
0
0
1.3
0
0
0
.4
0
1.6
0
0
0
.9
.6
2.2
0
0
26. 9
8.6
0
18.3
0
0
0
19. 6
1.7
0
0
9.1
1.0
.9
0
.4
0
.6
1.6
3.0
1.3
0
0
0
0
0
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
•
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
234
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
L A N C A ST E R PA.— W H ITE FA M ILIE S
All fami
lies
Item
Number of families surveyed in winter quarter________
Av.no. equivalent full-time persons1 per family in 1 week..
Av. no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 week .
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Fooa
U sed fo r H o m e and P u r chased f o r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e
in 1 W e e k
T otal.
Grain products, total__________
Rrppd hqkpd goods, total
Bread: W hite____ _______
Graham, whole wheat
Rye _ --------- -Crackers---- -----------Plain rolls.
...
Sweet rolls____ _ ______
Cookies____
Cakes ------------___
Pies ________
Other
__
Ready-to-eat cereals
_ _.
Flour and other cereals, total
Flour: W hite_____________
Graham __ ___ _ __
Other __ _ _______
Corn meal__ ___ _ _ _
H om iny. _
__ ___ _
Cornstarch _ _ _ _ _
_ _
Rice----- ------ ---Rolled oats________ _____
Wheat cereal___ __ ______
Tapioca__________________
Sago ______ __ ___ _ _ ___
Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles. _
Other grain products______
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total___
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottledloose___
skimmed______
buttermilk and
other____
Skimmed, dried—..
Evaporated and con
densed__________
Cheese: American___
___
C ottage... ___ __ „
Other____ _ ______
Icecream.
__ _______ _____
118
17
10
66
18
26
12
41
23
N o. N o.
60
8
3
31
11
12
5
15
13
35
7
4
22
4
7
3
16
4
Under $400 $400 to $600
60
4. 37
3. 62
121
3. 65
3. 05
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
N o.
Lb.
4. 304
3. 221
23 2. 500
2
.074
3
.034
13
.190
3
.052
7
.070
4
.023
10
.097
6
. 118
.063
7
. 112
. 971
20
.548
0
.009
1 .019
1
.034
1 .006
5
.016
4
.069
4
.095
3
.041
3
.008
0 0
10
. 126
0 0
24
.678
5.108
24 4. 594
0 0
0 0
54
30
17
99
1
5
13
1
32
31
38
17
15
0
60
0
116
49
0
2
9
0
19
21
20
9
6
0
36
0
55
30
1
2
3
0
8
6
14
5
6
0
14
0
37
119
0
0
59
0
0
36
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
37
73
15
26
27
21
32
6
11
11
11
23
6
11
8
5
18
3
4
8
0
.012
.236
. 117
.024
.039
.086
$600 and
over
37
3. 21
2.81
24
2. 49
2.03
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
$600
and
der to and
over
$400 $600 over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
4. 258
3.149
2. 527
.073
.013
. 170
.056
.058
.024
.061
. 118
.049
. 105
1.004
.569
0
.017
.053
0
.019
.095
. 114
.028
.007
0
.102
0
.607
4. 594
4.138
0
0
4.411
3.410
2. 615
.084
.048
.226
.037
.074
.014
.132
.088
.092
. 156
.845
. 374
.034
.028
.010
.012
.006
.014
.094
.055
.014
0
.204
0
.739
6. 071
5. 459
0
0
4.298
3.145
2. 152
.056
.094
.203
.063
. 117
.035
. 183
. 176
.066
.056
1.097
.799
0
.014
0
.019
.026
.061
.018
.072
0
0
.088
0
.869
5.448
4. 875
0
0
0
.020 0
0
.229
.103
.017
.035
.052
0
0
.273
. 120
.036
.050
. 133
a .
0
.190
. 175
.034
.035
. 139
C t.
a .
239. 6 207.2 263.0
42.4 39.8 46. 5
32.8 30.5 36.4
21.5 21.4 23.4
.6
.9
.7
.1
.5
.3
3.1 2.4 3.9
.9
.7
.8
1.3 1.1 1.3
.5
.6
.6
2.0 1.1 2.9
1.3 1.2
.8
1. 2 1.2 1.4
2.2 2.1 2.9
7.4 7.2 7. 2
2.5 2.4 1.9
.3
.1 0
.2
.1
.2
.2
.3
.1
0
.1
(3)
.2
.3
.1
.5
.7
.1
.9 1.0
.8
.6
.4
.6
.2
.2
.2
0
0
0
2.0 1.8 2.8
0
0
0
13.8 12.3 15.1
30.7 26.2 36.7
21.9 19.4 25.9
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
1.9
3.3
.3
1.2
2.0
0
.1
1.9
2.6
.2
.8
1.2
a .
334.9
45. 2
36.1
18.3
.6
.8
4.4
1.1
2.2
1.2
4.1
2.4
1.0
1.1
8. 0
4.0
0
.2
0
.1
.4
.6
.1
1.2
0
0
1.4
0
17.8
37.9
25.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.1
3.4
.4
1.8
3.1
1.3
6.1
.5
1.4
3.6
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the
week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the
appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix, A, p. 456,
235
TABULAE SUMM ARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
L A N C A STE R , PA .—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
I tP 'M
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
Families spending
spending per
All
per expenditure
fami expenditure
unit per year
lies unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o.
Fats, total_____________________
Butter_______________________
Cream_______________________
Other table fats_______________
Lard_________________________
Vegetable shortening__________
Table or cooking oils__________
Mayonnaise and other salad
dressing____________________
Bacon, smoked_______________
Salt side of pork______________
M eat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, total__________________
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir
loin_________
top round_____
other----------Roast, rib___________
chuck________
other_________
Boiling, chuck_______
plate________
other________
Canned____________________
Corned____________________
Dried______________________
Other______________________
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops______
roast____________
stew_____________
Lamb: Fresh, chops__________
roast___________
stew ___________
Pork: Fresh, chops___________
loin roast________
other____________
Smoked ham, slices_____
half or whole
picnic____
Pork sausage___________
Other pork_____________
Miscellaneous meats, total_____
Other fresh meat____________
Bologna, frankfurters_______
Cooked: H am ______________
Tongue___'________
Liver______________________
Other meat products________
Poultry: Chicken, broiling____
roast_______
stew_______
Turkey_____________
Other_______________
Fish and other sea food, total___
Fish: Fresh________________
Canned______________
Cured________________
Oysters____________________
Other sea food...... ....................
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
I ll
8
20
88
29
3
52
1
16
48
11
1
35
3
3
27
9
1
24
4
1
13
9
1
0. 915 0.843 0. 922 1.168
.421 .363 .477 .559
.020 .002 .026 .037
.082 .106 .056 .028
.250 .268 .203 .266
.045 .039 .044 .075
0
0
0
0
38
37
0
15
9
0
10
15
0
13
13
0
0
.039
.058
0
.028
.037
0
.029
.087
0
.106
.097
3.091 2. 690 3.290 4. 459
19
19
35
19
24
7
32
7
10
0
10
38
0
16
5
9
0
0
3
36
23
26
22
3
5
26
34
5
11
21
10
12
4
12
7
4
0
4
20
0
6
2
7
0
0
2
13
11
17
8
2
2
11
17
8
6
10
7
7
1
15
0
3
0
3
8
0
6
3
1
0
0
1
14
5
6
7
1
1
10
12
0
80
21
2
26
6
5
10
14
0
3
0
40
9
2
10
3
1
4
6
0
1
0
25
7
0
6
2
1
2
4
0
1
15
26
6
31
11
11
18
5
9
4
2
7
1
12
2
6
.064 .017
2
.072 .072
4
. 132 .142
2
.135 .144
5
. 145 . 137
2
.053 .055
5
.146 . 100
0
.032 .054
3
.055 .033
0
0
0
3
.015 .009
10
.041 .040
0
0 0
4
.047 .040
0
.055 .063
1
.036 .042
0
0 0
0
0 0
0
.008 .008
9
.124 .070
7
.122 .117
3
. 129 . 147
7
.041 .028
0
.009 .009
2
.036 .039
5
.073 .054
5
. 169 .201
. 338 .306
0
0 0
15
.226 .213
5
.030 .031
.002 .004
0
10
.061 .046
1 .019 .012
3
.038 .014
4
.069 .036
.082 .045
4
0
0 0
1 .019 .002
.806 .666
2
.068 .094
1 .059 .064
0
.015 .021
10
.559 .414
5 . 105 .073
0
0
0
.108
.081
. 122
.131
. 150
.011
.233
.090
.016
.021
0
0
0
.181
.056
.106
.099
.169
. 127
.175
.081
.039
.086
.062 .047
.065 0
.021 .041
0
0
0
0
.013 0
. 178 .253
.072 .241
. 106 .094
.055 .072
.013 0
.023 .047
.112 .080
. 128 . 112
.339 .483
0
0
.250 .238
.029 .028
0
0
.054 . 142
.006 .075
.036 . 148
.074 .206
.074 .257
0
0
.016 .097
.940 1.162
.021 .049
.069 .019
.010 0
.750 .817
.090 .277
C t.
a. a. a.
25. 2 22.2 27.4 34.9
15.9 13.6 18.3 21.4
.1
.8 1.8
.5
1.4 1.8 1.0
.4
3.8 4.1 3.0 4.2
.7 - .8 1.1
.8
0
0
0
0
1.1
1.7
0
.9
1.0
0
.8
2.7
0
2.7
3.3
0
58.0 47.6 62.9 93.7
2.2
1.9
2.2
3.2
3.0
1.0
2.5
.5
1.0
0
.4
1.6
0
1.3
1.1
.6
0
0
.1
3.4
2.9
2.5
1.4
.1
.7
1.8
2.9
8.8
0
5.3
1.5
.1
1.3
.6
1.1
1.8
2.2
0
.7
5.1
1.2
1.0
.3
2.0
.6
.4 4.0 6.1
1.9 1.9 1.6
2.4 2.2 1.6
3.1 3.4 2.7
2.7 3.4 3.6
.9
.3 3.3
1.7 4.0 3.3
.8 0
0
.6 1.5 1.8
0
0
0
.2
.4
.8
1.5 1.0 3.4
0
0
0
1.0 1.7 1.5
1.2 1.6 0
.7
.4
.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2 0
.1
1.9 5.2 6.6
2.6 1.6 6.6
2.9 2.1 1.7
.8 2.4 2.5
.1
.2 0
.7
.4 1.1
1.2 3.0 2.3
3.3 2.5 2.1
7.3 10.0 12. 7
0
0
0
4.4 7.1 5.4
1.5 1.6 1.7
.1 0
0
.9 1.1 3.4
.4
.2 2.2
.5
.9 4.0
1.0 1.8 5.5
1.1 2.1 7.2
0
0
0
.1
.5 3.4
4.9 4.2 7.6
1.6
.4 1.0
1.2 L 0
.3
.4
.1 0
1.4 2.3 3.9
.3
.4 2.4
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to wnich the data apply If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p, 456.
236
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
LA NC A STE R , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1wk.
Item
F o od U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
P o ta to es---------- ----------Sweetpotatoes, yam s____ _____
Dried legumes and nuts, total.
Dried corn__ --------------Beans: D ry-------- --------Canned, dried_______
Baked, not canned___
Peas: Black-eyed _ _ -----O t h e r ...--------------Nuts: Shelled . -----------In shell . _. ------- -Peanut butter ____________
Other dried legumes and nuts
Tomatoes: Fresh _ _ ---------Canned _______ .
Juice . . . . . . - - --Sauce, paste_______
Green and leafy vegetables, total
Brussels sprouts
. . . ----Cabbage____________ ----Sauerkraut.
_____________
Collar ds__________ _________
K a le ___________ _
______
Lettuce --------------------Spinach: Fresh __ -------Canned . --Other leafy vegetables _
Asparagus: Fresh.
. -----Canned ________
Lima beans: Fresh
______
Canned
----Beans, snap (string): F resh .__
Canned.
Broccoli ------ ------ --------Peas: Fresh.__ ------------Canned____
_______
Peppers.
______ _____ Okra____ _ -_ ___ ------Yellow vegetables, total __
Carrots ______
_________
Winter squash and pumpkin. _
Other vegetables, to ta l4
__ _
Beets: Fresh ------ ------Canned ------- ----Cauliflower. _ .
------ -- _
Celery. __ ------------------Corn: On ear
--- -- . . . .
C a n n e d _____________
C ucum b er_________________
Eggplant ------------------Onions: M ature. _________
S p r in g _________ _
P a rsn ip s_____________ _____
Summer squash_____________
W hite turnips
___________
Yellow turnips, rutabaga. _.
Other vegetables----- -------Pickles and olives ______ ____
Citrus fruits, total _ _________
Lemons_____ _
___ _ . .
Oranges _
. . . ----- -----Grapefruit: Fresh. ----------Canned... _ _ . . .
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All
All per expend,
fami unit per year fami
lies U n $400 $600 lies
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
116
44
57
25
36
1
2
7
24
3
3
37
1
0
0
1
3
6
5
30
9
65
5
3
0
49
43
0
0
57
17
1
6
0
9
4
6
1
0
25
9
51
9
0
45
2
2
1
7
8
0
48
0
1
74
0
3
0
64
17
7
4
32
90
28
3
0
0
2
1
2
19
1
1
1
1
2
0
1
1
2
1
6
2 4
2
0
2 1
2 1
0 0
26 13
0
27 1
0 0
0 0
25 17
5 1
0
1 0
3
3
0 0
4
1
1 1
4
1
0 0
16
6
0 0
2 2
28 1
1
1
3
0 0
2 1
1 2
1 1
1
1 5
2
4
0 5
28 19
0 0
26 1
1
0 0
0 0
43 18
0 0
1 0
0 0
4
9
2
4
1 1
32
14
46
1
0
1
1
1
28
7
1
N o.
Lb.
23
8
2
2
5
2
0
0
1
0
6
0
0
15
2
0
0
0
4
2
1
1
3
0
5
1
2
5
0
1
2
0
5
1
3
17
0
1
1
0
1
13
0
2
0
4
1
2
7
16
1
1
1
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
8.947 8.415 10. 037 9.100
3.241 3.606 3.538 1.040
.210 .191 .250 .213
.260 .235 .278 .318
.022 .019 .026 .026
.104 .111 .118 .042
.043 .027 .058 .082
0 0
0 0
0 .014
.008
3
2 .018
.051
5
0
.020
3
13
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
.191
.015
.002
1.058
0
.387
.184
0
0
.012
0
0
0
.023
.011
0
0
0
0
0
0
.008
.058
.006
.036
.009 .028 .052
.194 .168 .229
.007 .024 .034
0
.004 0
.863 1.273 1.452
0
.298
.181
0
.508
.152
0
0
0
0
0
0
.120 .095 .134
.038 .014 .094
.007 .007 .011
.009 .010 .011
0
0
0
.022 .018 .014
.012 .009 .011
.014 .012 .016
.014
.007 0
.077 .070 .103
0
0
0
.024
.150
.007
0
.128
.128
0
.785
.054
.008
.021
.245
0
.131
0
0
.206
0
.007
0
.048
.055
.033
.088
.047
.005
.137
.007
.035
.168
0
.538
.229
0
0
.204
.033
0
0
0
.059
.021
.018
.023
.057
0
.089
.167
.002 .014
0
0
0
. 101 . 081 .341
.101 .081 .341
0
0
0
. 627
.038
.007
0
.164
0
.111
0
0
.208
0
.005
0
.033
.055
.010 .006
.955 1.142
.076 .079
.014 0
.050 .052
.310 .470
0
. 152
0
0
.217
0
0
0
.049
.073
.014
0
.181
0
0
.174
0
.028
0
.113
.023
.022
1.398 1.072 1.649 2.360
.094 .093 .065 .154
1.080 .867 1.267 1.645
.216 .112 .288 .526
.008 0
.029 .035
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
43.4 35.6 48.0 67.3
3.6 3.8 3.8 2.1
.7
.6 1.0 .7
2.9 2.6 3.0 3.5
.4
.4
.5
.3
.8 .9 1.0 .3
.2 .4 .7
.3
0
0
.2
.2
.1
.9
0
.3
1.6
.1
(3)
7.9
0
.8
1.1
0
0
1.5
.6
.1
.1
0
.3
.3
.2
.1
.6
0
.4
1.7
.1
0
.9
.9
0
7.2
.3
.1
.4
2.4
0
1.5
0
0
1.1
0
.1
0
.2
.2
.1
.8
7.1
.8
5.3
.9
.1
0
0
.1
0
.1
1.0
0
.1
1.8
(3)
.1
6.2
0
.8
1.0
0
0
1.2
.2
(3)
.1
0
.3
.2
.1
0
.5
0
.1
1.6
.1
0
.8
.8
0
0
0
.3
.2
.1
.5
0
.4
1.3
.2
0
0
8.4
.7
.9
0
0
1.6
1.4
.1
0
0
0
1.0
.3
.8
0
.9
2.0
.5
0
14.1
0
1.2
1.6
0
0
2.4
.6
0
0
0
.9
1.2
.1
0
.2
.1
.2 .3
.2 .5
.8 .8
0
0
.3
1.7
.1
0
.6
.6
0
5.1 8. 6
.3
.3
.1 .1
0 .9
1.5 3.0
0
0
1.3 1.6
0
0
0
0
1.1 1.1
0
0
0
(3)
0
0
.1 .2
.2 .2
.2
(3)
.5 1.0
5.2 8.3
.6 .8
4.1 6.2
.5 1.0
0 .3
1.7
2.5
.4
0
2.4
2.4
0
12.1
.4
0
1.0
5.1
0
2.2
0
0
1.0
0
.2
0
.4
.1
.2
1.5
13.2
1.7
8.8
2.3
.4
1The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3Less than 0.05 cent.
* Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
237
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
LA N C A STE R , PA.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Other fruits, total_____ _____
Apples: Fresh________________
Canned______________
Apricots: Fresh____ _______
Canned_____________
Bananas__________________ _
Berries: Fresh____ _________
Canned______________
Cherries: Fresh________ _____
Canned____ ______
Grapes: Fresh___ ____ ______
Canned_______ _
______
Peaches: Fresh___ _
Canned.. ________ .
Pears: Fresh..________ _ __ __
Canned_______ ____
Pineapple: Fresh_____________
Canned. __ _______
M elons. _
_______________
Plums: Fresh__________ ____
Canned______________
Other fruit________ ______ . . .
Cider ________ . . .
_
_
Grape juice____. . . _ __
...
Other fruit juices____ . . . _____
Dried: Apricots______________
Peaches___ _
_ _ ...
Prunes . . .
______
Raisins____ _____ ____
D ates_____ _________
Figs--------------------Other. ___________ _
Sugars and sweets, total_____
Sugars: W hite____ _____ _ ._ _
Brown_____ . . . . __ _
Other sweets: Candy_________
Jellies__________
Molasses, sirups..
Other sweets . . .
Miscellaneous, total
Gelatine. . . . _ __ ________ _
Packaged dessert mixtures_____
Tea. ________ _____________
C offee..______ ______ _________
C ocoa___
. . . ... _ ... .
Chocolate_
_ ________ . . . __
Vinegar. _ _
__ _ _
Salt - _________
Baking powder, yeast, soda
Spices and extracts
Catsups, sauces
Tomato s o u p ... _. __ . . . ____
Other soups_____
___ ______
Cod-liver oil. _ _ _________
Proprietary foods_____________
Other foods __ ________ _____
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food. . ___________
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
82
5
44
4
4
33
7
14
3
18
9
9
5
36
17
13
5
4
0
2
0
2
0
0
11
0
18
0
0
7
4
1
2
3
5
7
19
16
3
1
0
118
19
52
45
47
6
45
16
109
38
5
13
12
11
2
10
12
18
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
4
0
0
1
1
4
4
7
11
1
0
0
58
14
34
21
25
4
22
6
58
27
2
7
6
4
1
4
3
6
21
1
0
1
11
3
0
0
6
1
2
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
7
2
Lb.
N o.
17
0
0
1
8
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
6
0
2
0
4
2
5
3
2
1
0
36
3
9
14
17
24
0
2
7
7
2
9
10
5
16
3
31
20
3
0
3
3
7
0
2
4
4
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
1.639 1.506 1.793 1.919
.810 .836 .713 .892
.025 .020 .048 0
0
0
0
0
.010 .008 .004 .035
.328
.008
.297
.006
.411
4
3
3
0
1
4
5
8
.301
.009
0
0
0
0
.011
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.038
.046
.090
.014
.042
.076
.077
.030
.131
.067
.094
0
0
.068
0
0
0
0
.022 .004 .059 .025
0
0
0
0
.068
0
0
.057
.069
0
0
0
0
.012 .021
.012 0
.019
2
.003 0
.013
0
0
0
C 0
.009 .004 0
1
.009 .011 .011
0
.014 .016 0
2
0
0
0
0
0
7
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
.019
.074
.045
.007
.044 .133
.051 .035
.008 0
0
0
.002 0
1.060 1.144
.690 .693
.050 .074
. 114 . 136
.023 .022
.183 .219
0
.009
.039
.005
.280
.038
.002
.045
.033
.005
0
.002
.043
.025
(6
)
.002 0
.017
.066
.293
.016
.022
.150
0
0
.045
.049
0
0
.047
0
.028
.089
.035
.019
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
11.1
3.5
.4
0
.1
1.6
.2
0
0
.5
.5
0
0
1.0
0
.2
0
.8
0
0
.2
.2
(3)
0
.1
.2
.2
.8
.5
0
.1
0
.022 0
(3)
8.4
3.7
.3
2.7
.4
1.3
0
.008 0
.946 .906
.647 .761
.070 . 105
.025 .019
.182 . .021
0
.010 0
.035
.003
.259
.051
.116
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
.051
.006
.314
.006
0
.022
.033
.015
.308
.047
.001 0
.038 .068
.061 .009
.019 0
.006 0
.012 .033
.051 .291
.091 1.330
0
C t.
C t.
C t.
9.3 12.4 15.8
3.4 3.2 4.3
.3
.7 0
0
.1
0
.1
.1
0
0
.2
.2
0
0
.8
0
0
0
0
1.2
0
.6
0
.7
0
0
.2
1.4
.4
.9
0
.1
0
.7
0
0
.1
0
0
0
(3)
.1
.3
.5
.6
.1
0
0
9.2
3.6
.5
3.1
.4
1.6
0
1.9
.3
.4
(3)
0
0
.3
0
.5
1.8
.2
0
0
1.0
1.2
0
0
.9
0
.3
0
1.6
0
0
.5
.7
0
0
.4
0
.5
0
1.2
1.2
0
0
.1
0
0
.5
7.4
3.5
.4
.3
7.4
4.2
.2
2.0
0
0
0
.4
1.3
2.7
.3
.2
17.7 14.3 19.0 30.7
.2
.2 0
.6
1.3 1.2 1.7 1.2
.3
.2
.3
.8
7.3 6.6 8.3 8.0
.7
(3)
.3
.3
.4
.2
.5
.5
.4
.9
.1
.6
.6
3.1
1.0
.1
.1
.3
.2
.3
.3
.4
.5
.3
.2
.4
.4
.5
(3)
0
.4
.2
2.0
.1
.4
.4
.5
2.8
.4
.6
.6
.8
0
.4
.6
.5
.1
.9
.9
.4
0
0
1.3
2.6
1.4 11.6
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
238
T able 7.—-Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in fa ll quarter, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H .—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fami
lies
Item
Under $400 $400 to $600
146
4.09
3.62
Number of families surveyed in fall quarter-------------Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons 1 per family in 1 wk__
Av. no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 wk___
Families using in
1 wk.
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
76
5.07
4. 42
Av. quantity purchased
per person in 1 wk.
$600 and
over
41
3.27
2. 91
29
2.70
2.50
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All per expend,
All
unit per year
unit per year
Ail
fami unit per year fami
fami
lies
lies
lies
Un $400 $600
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der
to
der to and
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e a nd P u r ch a s ed
f o r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
N o.
____________________
Total
Grain products, total
_ ____
Bread and other baked goods,
_______ _ __
total
Bread: W hite_____________
Graham, whole wheat
R ye_______________
Crackers____ __ ___ ___
Plain rolls.. __________
Sweet rolls______
Cookies __________________
______
Cakes .. . . . .
P ies_____ _
. . . _______
Other
_ ____
..
Ready-to-eat cereals
____
Flour and other cereals, total _
Flour: W hite._______ _
Graham _______ . . .
Other
... ...
Corn meal. . . .
. . . __ __
H om iny. _______ _______
Cornstarch___ ____ ^___ _
R ice______________ ____ _
Rolled oats. _________ _ .
Wheat cereal___________ .
Tapioca ______ _______
Sago______ _____________
Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products______
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total.
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled..
loose___
skimmed______
buttermilk and
o th e r ___ . . .
Skimmed, dried___. . .
Evaporated and con
densed___ _____ __
Cheese: Am erican.. . . . _ . . .
Cottage. . ________
Other.
___
Ice cream _________________
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
4.546 4. 323 5.387
135
17
37
22
13
8
72
9
35
28
66
31
23
12
49
61
14
8
5
26
27
4
17
13
17
43
26
10
7
104
59
31
14
1
2
6
1
30
63
50
21
0
0
2
1
13
38
29
1
1
10
8
0
1
1
0
10
15
14
6
4
4
2
2
1
1
3
0
7
10
7
2
2
0
10
0
138
0
69
8
1
0
22
0
40
29
138
72
39
27
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
52
62
26
31
5
7
3
10
20
16
7
0
11
2
11
4
0
70
38
0
0
0
12
13
6
0
0
0
0
3
6
2
0
0
11
4
0
1
Lb.
4 .347
3.128 2.924 3. 385 3. 822
2.094 2.051 2.046 2. 392
.091 .096 .015 .197
.296 .291 .468 . 158
.146 .108 .236 .176
.025 .024 .011 .056
.011 .009 .005 .033
. 130 . 124 . 106 .202
.238 . 171 .300 .462
.054 .024 .129 .068
.043 .026 .069 .078
.061 .066 .046 .066
1.357 1. 333 1.956 . 459
.894 .908 1. 276 .168
.001 0
0
.010
.006 0
.029 0
.004 .001 0
.029
.001 .002 0
0
.017 .011 .043 0
.147
.118
.030
.005
. 164
.156
.048
.110 .159 .090
.020 .065 .021
.001 .008 .019
0
0
0
0
.134 .116 .220 .074
0
0
0
0
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
251.1 213. 6 304. 2 344.8
44. 7 40.6 52.1 53.0
34.6 31. 2 37. 6 47.0
19.6 19.1 19.1 22.7
.7
.6
.2 2.2
2.9 2.9 3.6 1.7
2.6 1.9 4.4 3.2
.4
.2 1.0
.4
.2
2.7
4.2
.6
.7
1.2
8.9
4.4
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
.2
1.0
1.0
.4
.1
0
1.8
0
.2
2.3
3.1
.3
4
1.3
.1
2.4
4.8
1.6
1 2
.9
8 1 13. 6
4. 4
6! 6
0
.2
0
(3)
0
(3)
.1
.5
1.1
1.1
.8 1.2
.2
.8
.1
(3)
0
0
0
0
.6
4.7
8.7
.8
1. 4
1.2
4. 8
.9
.1
0
.2
0
0
.5
1.4
.3
.3
0
0
0
0
0
1.5 3.1 1.1
0
0
0
13.5 10.6 16.0 23.0
28. 6 25. 6 33. 7 35 1
23.6 21.7 27! 8 26.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.019
.005
.030 0
.007 0
0
0
(3)
.185
.079
.016
.160
.064
.526 .437 .620 .801
4. 854 4. 428 5. 640 5. 607
4. 520 4.134 5. 356 4. 989
0
0
.012
.018
0
0
.011
.012
.010
.1
. 104
.119
.447
.086
2.2
.019
.055
.6
.021 .030
.021 0
1.5
.3
.3
.1
(3)
1.2
1.8
.2
.3
.3
0
0
0
0
.9
3.2
.4
.7
.7
3.8
2.4
.7
0
2.2
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of
persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
239
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in fa ll quarter, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
All
fami
lies
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expend, unit
per year
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o.
______ ________
Fats, total
Butter __ ___________
____
Cream ______________ _____
Other table fats------------------------Lard— ____________ ________
Vegetable shortening__________
Table or cooking oils___ -----Mayonnaise, other salad dressing
Bacon, smoked___ _______ _ _
Salt side of pork___ _ ------Meat, poul., fish, other sea fd., total.
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sirloin
top round_ _
o th e r _ ___
_
Roast, rib____________
chuck- ___ __ __
other___ _
___
Boiling, chuck----- __
plate _ _ _ _
other—
_ _
Canned-. _ _ ______
Corned. _______ _ _ _ __
Dried _ ______ _ ___ __ ___
Other. ______
__ __ __ _
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops.__ ___
roast. _ ________ _
stew — ___ _ _ __
Lamb: Fresh, chops. _ _ _ _ _
roast. _ _ _
stew__ __ _
Pork: Fresh, chops. _ _ __ __
loin roast ______
other __ ___ __
Smoked ham, slices _ _ _
half or whole
picnic
. _
Pork sausage____ __ _ _
Other pork.
_ _ ___
Miscellaneous meats, total
Other fresh m e a t . . .____ ___
Bologna, frankfurters____ __
Cooked: H am ___
T ongue... _ ___ __
Liver____ ______________ _ _
Other meat products. __ __ _
Poultry: Chicken, broilin g___
roast _ _ ____
stew _______
Turkey _______
Other.. __ __ __ ___
Fish and other sea food, total. _
Fish: Fresh_____ _____
Canned_
_ ______
Cured. _____ __
__ .
Oysters.
____ __ _. . ___
Other sea fo o d ____
_ _ ___
.
N o .N o
145
47
76
15
40
19
104
3
9
37
54
40
55
28
1
0
2
0
1
2
8
N o.
29
13
1
21
0
0
10
7
19
24
14
11
16
9
39
18
11
10
64
24
39
22
21
4
25
2
7
1
12
20
12
11
11
2
11
1
5
3
0
6
0
0
14
4
11
2
15
4
46
37
22
25
16
12
8
1
0
10
8
6
2
27
13
1
55
22
2
27
12
7
19
5
0
1
56
38
9
14
10i
4
3
9
3
24
4
14
10
0
41
13
1
10
6
2
4
2
0
0
7
16
3
6
1
8
0
1
1
4
3
0
4
1
1
1
2
1
12
10
2
7
2
1
6
2
1
6
5
0
8
3
3
7
2
0
0
28
16
18
3
9
3
1
6
12
2
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
3
9
10
4
1
6
1
1
0
2
0
0
2
2
1
4
4
0
12
3
0
6
6
0
7
1
6
8
4
1
9
3
2
8
1
0
1
10
10
6
2
1
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Lb.
1.117 0.963 1.349 1. 479
.655 .603 .756 .740
.059 .028 .098 .140
.002 .002 0
.005
.202 .155 .294 .275
.006 .005 .011 0
.019 .018 .033 0
.030 .019 .027 .089
.080 .065 .081 .155
.064 .068 .049 .075
2.765 2.375 3.077 4.150
.132 .119 .123 .213
.089 .083 .134 .042
.218 .240 .212 . 126
.132 .094 .080 .409
.119 . 120 .130 .093
.015 .010 .022 .027
.128 .112 . 150 .170
.008 .004 0
.039
.025 .035 .006 .010
.014 0
.003 0
.056 .045 .092 .053
.002 0
.008 0
0
.026
.085
.016
.019
. 136
.020
.126
.244
.042
.064
.109
.011
.054
.045
.274
0
.142
.042
.001
.051
.038
.057
.144
.023
0
0
.042
.035
. 115
. 153 .210
.032 0
. 149 .222
.241 . 171
.052 0
.066 .108
.022 .372
.031 0
.052 .084
.027 .028
. 282 .334
.020
.098
.260
.048
.054
.086
.006
. 048
.055
.258
0
.169
.035
.200
.070 i
.014
.021
.036i
.011
.011
0
.093
.067
.001 0
.034
.019
.025
.037
.009
0
0
.002 0
.341
0
.018
.106
.013
.010
.055
.067
.119
.211
.023
0
0
.547
.269
.094
.017
.002: .070
.015 .097
.247
. 175
.051
.004
All
fami
lies
.038
.074
.037
.078
0
.092
.038
0
.126
.078
.106
.557
.092
0
.013
.444
.201
.123
.055
.028
.037
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
a. a.
C t.
C t.
29.9 25.6 36.4 39.4
20.4 18.7 23.8 22.9
2.1
1.0 3.6 4.8
.1
0
(3)
(3)
2.7 2.0 4.0 3.5
.1
.1
2.2
.6
1.8
1.1
.4
.9
.2
.8
.3
.9
0
0
2.2
2.5
4.4
4.8
3.9
4.9
8.6
1.1
2.8
8.8
1.1
.9 1.2
59.9 50.1 67.0 97.3
5.0
4.4
2.5
4.5 4.8
2.7 1.8
2. 0J 2.0
.4
.2
2.1 1.7
2.6
.1
.6
.1
1.1
.1
0
.7
1.7
.2
.5
2.6
.3
3.2
5.2
.8
1.8
2.1
.2
1.2
.7
5.6
0
2.9
1.3
(3)
.9
.5
1.3
3.8
.6
0
.1
6.0
3.2
1.4
.3
.5
.6
.1
.5
0
1.0
0
0
.5
2.1
.1
.2
2.1
2.0
2.2
.5
2.7
0
1.0
.2
1.5
.3
0
1 .1
.8
.2
1.7
.9
3.3
.4
.2
0
1.1
0
0
1.1
1.5
.5
1.9
5.6
.4
2.5
.4
4.0
5.8
0
1.7
.5
.5
3.0
6.5
5. 5
.5
5.3
.5
6.7
3.4
1.9
.3
2.4
5.4
1.0
1.6
1.8
.1
1.1
.8
0
1.0
(3)
.6
.5
.6
1.0
.2
0
0
4.3
2.7
1.0
.1
( 2)
.5
.8
1.2
0
2.0
0
1.1
5.3
3.7
0
0
2.0
0
2.0
1.4
0
2.5
.3
.8
2.5 2.7
5.2 15.2
.5 2.3
0
0
0
9.1
4.2
.7
9.2
3.5
.3
1.4
2.0
1.8
1
-8
2.6
.8
.9
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
240
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in fa ll quarter, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All
All per expend,
fami unit per year fami
lies U n
lies
$400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
14.588 13. 740 18. 571 11.957 46.3 38. 5 61. 7 56 9
130 65 38
27 8. 450 8.097 11. 346 5. 221
---Potatoes. __ ______ .
9.6 8.9 13.'7 5! 7
13
3
.076 .086 .032 . 104
9
1
Sweetpotatoes, yam s.. -------.2
.2
.3
.3
r»rip.d lppnmps and nuts, total
.351 .307 .423 .449
4.1 3. 3 5. 2 6. 0
0 0
0
0
Dried c o r n --- ---------- . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o'
13
.156 .124 .164 .299
56 29 14
1.3 1.1 1.3 2.4
Beans: D ry_____________ —
34 17
9
.092 .096 .119 .023
Canned, dried-------8
1.1
1.1
1.3
.3
1
0
Baked, not canned--0
.022 0
1
.005 0
.1 0
.4 0
3
0
2
1
Peas: Black-eyed__ -------.010 .013 .010 0
.1
.1
.1 0
0
9
.023 .025 .031 0
Other____________
6
3
.2
.2
.3 0
4
3
0
1
.007 0
.009 .037
Nuts: Shelled.. . --------.2 0
.3 1.4
9
4
0
.013 0
5
In shell __ _ ________
.035 .043
.4 0
1.0 1.2
2
20 15
.045 .049 .033 .047
Peanut butter---------- ..
3
.7
.8
.5
.7
Other dried legumes and nuts
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
3
. 112 .031 .073 .579
5
Tomatoes: Fresh--------------6
.7
.4 1.0 1.3
62 35 17
10
Canned_______ _ _
. 146 . 142 . 154 . 149
1.6 1.6 1.5 1.8
1
8
5
2
.019 .017 .036 0
Juice.. _
.2
.2
------.4 0
1
0 0
Sauce, paste..
_ .
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
1. 053 .999 1. 263 .972
6. 0 4. 7 6.8 10. 2
2
4
Brussels sprouts----------- _
1
1
.009 .001 .022 .025
.1 (3)
.3
.2
13
57 26 18
.672 .703 .813 .275
Cabbage______________
1.4 1.4 1.6
.8
4
10
4
2
.026 .008 .023 . 114
Sauerkraut_________________
.2
.1
. 1 1.0
0 0
0
0
0
0
Collards . _______________
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
.007 .011 0
Kale_______________________
0
0
0
(?)
(3)
33 14 10
9
.048 .031 .076 .086
L ettuce.._ ________________
.6
.4 1.0 1.0
12
1
5
Spinach: Fresh--------------6
.037 .032 .065 .020
.2
.3
.6
.1
3
1
0
2
.005 0
Canned. __ ______
.019 .007
.1 0
.2
.2
0
0 0
Other leafy vegetables_______
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Asparagus: F r e s h ..______ _
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Canned. _
___
6
2
3
.010 .006 .021 .013
.2
.1
.4
.3
1
Lima beans: Fresh______ _ _
5
4
0
.010 .013 0
.018
.2
.2 0
.3
1
Canned___ . . .
3
2
.011 .013 0
.023
0
.2 0
.1
.2
Beans, snap (string): Fresh.__
10
2
5
3
.046 .053 .038 .026
.5
.5
.5
.5
Canned34 18
7
9
.078 .058 . 107 . 128
.9
.7 1.1 1.6
Broccoli ________ ______ _
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
Peas: Fresh________________
0
.005 0
0
.037
0
.1 0
0
.9
.082 .063 .074 . 186
Canned_____________
31 18
6
1.2
.8 1.0 2.9
7
Peppers _ __________ _ _
10
7
1
2
.1
. 1 (3)
.007 .007 .005 .014
.2
Okra_____ _ ________ _
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Yellow vegetables, total_ ____
_
.625 . 594 . 752 .558
2. 2 1.9 2. 7 3.0
Carrots_____________ _ _ _
79 44 17
18
.362 .412 .260 .293
1.4 1.3 1.3 1.7
Winter squash and pumpkin__
39 20 10
9
.263 . 182 .492 .265
.8
.6 1.4 1.3
Other vegetables, total * _______
.988 .987 1.043 .906
5. 7 5.1 7.3 6. 6
Beets: Fresh_______________
4
.041 .020 .092 .058
17
.2
.2
7
6
.4
.4
Canned___________ _
8
0
.013 .021 0
.2
.2 0
8
0
0
0
Cauliflower_________________
.022 .018
6
1
4
1
.1 0
.2
.3
.007 0
Celery ______________
11
53 23 19
. I ll .070 .198 . 159
1.3
.8 2.1 2.1
Corn: On ear_______________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0*
0
0
0
Canned______________
3
40 23 14
.086 .076 .137 .048
1.0
.9 1.6
.5
Cucumber__________________
.004 0
1
0
1
0
.001 0
0
.1 0
(3)
Eggplant___________________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
103 60 26
.436 .435 .448 .418
Onions: M ature_________ _
17
1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7
Spring_____
... .
2
.014 0
1
1
.065 0
0
0
.1 0
•(3)
4
2
.021 .013 .011 .076
Parsnips____________
_ .
7
1
.1
.1
.1
.3
Summer squash __
___ __
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
.014 .022 0
.1 0
W hite turnips______
____
4
0
0
0
(3)
Yellow turnips, rutabaga____
8
.244 .330 .066 . 129
26 12
6
.6
.7
.3
.4
Other vegetables..
_ _____
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pieklps and olives
8
5
.6
.5
.7
.9
27 14
Citrus fruits, total____ ^_______
.571 .410 .735 1.086
4.5 3.1 5.9 8.9
Lemons __ _ __________
.045 .021 .044 . 163
.3
25 11
.6
7
7
.6 2.0
Oranges _ _ _______________
55 29 17
.450 .330 .648 .704
3.5 2.5 4.9 5.9
9
4
3
.066 .058 0
.219
.3
.3 0
Grapefruit: Fresh____ ____
7
0
1.0
1
1
. 1 (3)
.4 0
2
Canned___ _ __
0
.010 .001 .043 0
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
9 Less than 0.05 cent.
* Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
241
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in fa ll quarter, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H —W H IT E F A M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
level—Fami
Economic level—
level—Families
lies spending
Families spending
spending per
per expendi
per expenditure
expenditure
unit per year
All ture unit per
All
All
unit per year
year
fami
fami
fami
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o.
Apples: Fresh________________
C a n n e d .._____ __ _
Apricots: Fresh___ _____ __
C anned... ________
Bananas___ . . . _______ . . . .
Berries: F r e s h .___ _______ _ _
C a n n e d .___ _______ _
Cherries: Fresh____ . . . _ __
Canned___ ________
Grapes: Fresh______
__ __ _
C a n n e d _____________
Peaches: Fresh_____
_______
Canned_____________
Pears: Fresh.._ _ _______ ____
Canned___ . . . __ __ __
Pineapple: Fresh._. _ --------Canned ________ _
M elo n s... . . .
. . -------- .
Plums: Fresh_______ ____
Canned
___________
Other fruit___________________
C id e r .____
_______________
Grape j u i c e . --- --------------Other fruit juices___ _ _____
Dried: Apricots___ . . . . . . __
Peaches.. __ ._ __ . . . .
Prunes. __ ______
_
Raisins___ __________
D a te s._ _. _____ _ _
Figs--------------------Other. _ ___ ________
Sugars and sweets, total_________
Sugars: W hite.______________
Brown___ ___________
Other sweets: Candy________
Jellies . . .
Molasses, sirups..
Other sweets. __
Miscellaneous, total____ . . .
G elatin.. ._ _____ . . .
Packaged dessert mixtures _____
T ea.. ._ _____ ____________
Coffee_______________________
Cocoa________________________
Chocolate ---------------------------------Vinegar. ______ ______________
Salt J
__________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda ____
Spices and extracts . .
______
Catsups, s a u c e s .___ __________
Tomato soup____ ____________
Other soups__________________
Cod-liver o i l . . _______________
Proprietary foods_____________
Other foods. _________________
Soft drinks consumed at h om e..
Other drinks consumed at hom e.
Sales tax on food____. . . ________
N o. N o.
69
0
0
1
73
2
3
0
1
24
0
0
15
2
8
0
15
0
0
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
17
24
11
1
0
i29
18
30
12
18
15
28
108
127
43
5
35
0
0
1
43
1
1
0
0
9
0
0
11
1
3
0
9
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
8
11
6
1
0
70
11
15
6
10
8
10
59
65
26
1
24
0
0
0
15
1
2
0
1
9
0
0
2
1
1
0
4
0
0
1
0
1
1
2
1
0
7
11
3
0
0
33
5
11
1
1
4
Lb.
N o.
10
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
2
0
4
0
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
2
2
2
0
0
26
2
4
5
7
3
12
6
26
35
7
23
27
1
10
3
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
2.197 2.070 2. 714 1.933
1.330 1. 361 1 . 626 .671
0
0
0
0
0
0
.002 .003 0
.495
.007
.002
0
.002
. 100
0
0
.047
0
.005
0
.030
.469
.005
0
.451
.699
.016 0
.002 0
0
0
0
0
0
.007 0
.058
0
0
.050
0
.188
0
0
.030
0
.006 0
0
.026
0
0
0
0
.002 .002
.006 0
.020 0
.004 0
.022 0
.006 .002
0
0
.046
.043
.028
(5)
0
0
0
.036
.025
.024
0
.037
0
0
0
0
.162
0
0
.065
0
.012
0
.035
0
0
0
.046
.046 .078
.016 0
.097 0
0
.037
0
.061
.092
.047
.001 0
0
0
0
.066
.045
.017
0
0
1.231 1.156 1.268 1. 544
1.040 .998 1.040 1.257
.038 .037 .043 .030
.061 .038 .138 .039
.011 .006 .012 .037
.071 .069 .032 . 146
.010 .008 .003 .035
.008
.031
.069
.190
.044
.003
.017
.058
.152
.048
.002 0
.019
.058
.075
.221
.047
.011
.058
. 112
.322
.020
.011 0
C t.
11. 5
4.5
0
0
C t.
0
0
(3)
(3)
3.0 2.8
. 1 (3)
(3)
(3)
0
(3)
.9
0
0
0
0
.5
0
.1
0
0
0
.6
0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
.5
.4
.4
(3)
(3)
.1 0
.1
.1
.3
.1
0
.5
.5
.3
(3)
0
8.6
5.7
.3
1.5
.3
.6
.2
C t.
0
0
0
(3)
0
.4
.2
.3
0
0
0
2.6
.2
0
0
.1
1.6
0
0
.3
0
0
0
.4
0
0
0
0
.1
.4
1.4
0
0
.6
1.0
.2
.2
.8
0
.6
.3
.2
.6
.9
.7
.3
.8
.8
0
1.6
1.4
(3)
.5
2.4
(3)
.2
1.1
.6
8
17
2
9
19
11
0
6
1
2
6
10
3
4
7
1
3
8
5
4
4.
4
.052 .050
.048 .054
.009 0
.023 .015
4
5
.039
.116
0
.001
.001
.024
.053
.047 .067
.037 .039
.038 .004
.038 .037
.003 0
.059 .084
.263 .174
4.4
0
0
0
0
1.7
0
0
.8
0
.2
0
.5
0
0
0
.5
.3
0
0
.5
0
.8
.5
.7
.2
0
0
(*)
0 ■ 0
0
7.3 10.2 11.2
5.4 5.8 6.6
.2
.4
.2
.9 3.4 1.0
.1
.3
.8
.6
.3 1.4
.1 (3)
1.2
.7
17
0
0
0
19.6 15.3 27.1 28.9
.5
.3
.2
.3
.8
.4 1.5 1.6
3.5 2.7 3.8 7.2
5.5 4.3 6.6 9.7
.7
.8
.7
.4
0
.2 0
(3)
.6
32
18
C t.
9.1 16.9 13 1
3.8 7.5 2.7
.7
.7
.5
.3
1.1
.5
1.1
2.0
.1
1.0
6.0
.1
.9
.4
.4
.2
1.0
.4
.6
2.2
0
1.0
2.5
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person. 3 Less than 0.05 cent. 5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
242
Table 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level
P H IL A D E L PH IA , P A — W H ITE FA M ILIES
All fami
lies
Item
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e and P u r ch a sed
fo r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
w eek
T otal. ________ ______ _ ______
Grain products, total____ ___
Bread, baked goods, total_ _
_
Bread: W hite, ____
Graham, w h o l e
wheat.
.___
R ye______________
Crackers___
_ __
Plain rolls__ ___ __ __
Sweet rolls.
_____
Cookies-. _
___ _
Cakes____ __ ___ _
Pies ___ _ __
___ ___ _
Other _ ____
_ -___
Ready-to-eat cereals
___ .
Flour and other cereals, total-.
Flour: White ___
_
Graham.
____
Other _ __ __ _ _
Corn meal. _ ___ ___ ___
H om in y.. _ _ ___
_
Cornstarch____ ________
Rice __
__ __
Rolled oats__ __ _______
Wheat cereal___ _ _______
_________
Tapioca____
Sago-----------------------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products. _ _.
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, to ta l.__
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled. _
loose___
skimmed ___ _
buttermilk and
other. ___
Skimmed, d r ie d _____
Evaporated and con
densed. .
. .
Cheese: American. . . .
Cottage_____ _____
Other___ _ _______
Ice cream___ ____ ____ _____
$600 and
over
Under $400 $400 to $600
256
4.17
3. 58
Number of families surveyed in winter quarter---------Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons i per family in 1 wk
Av. no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 wk..
Families using in 1
wk.
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
105
5. 28
4. 51
Average quantity pur
chased per person i in
1 week
78
3. 87
3.36
73
2. 90
2.50
Average expenditure
per person 1 in 1
week
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fam i
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
All
All per expend,
expenditure
All
unit per year
fami unit per year fami
fami unit per year
lies
lies
lies
Un $400 $600
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der
and
der to and
to
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
230
99
72
59
38
63
124
54
25
40
78
40
14
23
57
18
13
17
32
16
23
35
27
12
13
27
14
7
17
24
14
79
23
25
31
141
56
41
44
0
8
6
1
40
99
85
52
15
0
127
1
10
10
0
3
1
1
21
8
0
2
2
0
8
46
36
16
5
27
25
19
59
35
0
1
6
0
0
11
20
0
3
3
0
11
26
24
17
4
0
33
76
98
74
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
111
44
39
35
32
3
16
32
32
103
19
71
40
8
34
7
0
1
11
Lb.
.203 .197 .194 .228
.348 .328 .292 .479
.114 .104 .104 . 153
.089 .054 .104 . 158
.046 .031 .067 .055
.047 .019 .054 . 107
.116 .058 . 168 . 195
.091 .053 .091 .189
.032 .015 . 049 . 052
.062 .043 .074 .097
1 . 086 1.074 1.007 1. 230
.551 .527 .505 .681
0
0
0
0
.010 .022 .011
.010 0
.031 .005
.001 .001 0
0
.013
.027
.088
.099
.049
.009
0
.030
.084
.091
.034
.005
0
.031
.083
. 108
.062
.014
.014
. 105
. 109
.067
.009
0
0
.016 0
0
0
.239 .291 .151 .229
.001 0
0
(fi)
.684 .591 .705 .898
71
4.787 4.155 2.595 6.356
71 4.297 3. 713 2.110 5. 638
.078
1
.033 .033 0
.040 .044 .062 0
0
251 104
1
1
Lb.
0
243
2
2
Lb.
4.845 4.845 4. 636 5.136
3. 697 3. 728 3. 555 3.809
2. 611 2.869 2.432 2.193
8
21
22
.008
0
.254
.055
.011
.039
.050
0
.240
.042
.015
.038
.014
0
.293
.060
.002
.025
.043
.328
.080
.015
.062
.155
C t.
268.4
46.0
36.0
21.3
1.6
2.9
2.1
1.6
.8
1.0
2.8
1.3
.6
1.0
9.0
3.4
0
.2
.1
(3)
.3
.8
.8
.7
.1
0
2.6
C t.
C t.
209.0
43.8
34.0
23.4
288. 5
46.1
36.5
19.6
1.6
2.7
1.9
.9
1.3
2.4
C t.
396.8
52.7
41.5
17.9
2.1
2.3
4.0
3.0
2.7
.6
4.3
1.3
2.4
4.1
3.1
.6
1.3
8.3
.6
.5
1.5
.3
9.2
3.5
0
.1
0
2.0
1.2
1.1
1.0
2.8
0
.3
.2
0
1.1
1.1
1.8
9.4
3.8
0
.1
(3)
.1
0
0
0
.2
1.0
.8
.8
.2
0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
2.5
2.9
1.3
2.1
(3)
.3
.8
.8
.5
.4
.7
.9
.9
.3
3.1 1.8 2.5
0
0
(3)
(3)
17.6 14.4 18.4 24.7
31.3 25.8 31.4 45.4
23.3 19.7 24.0 31.8
.2
.2 0
.5
.2
.2
.3 0
(3)
0
2.2
1.8
.3
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.3
.3
1.7
.5
2.0
.1
1.2
2.8
.3
5.0
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the
week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2The number of expenditure units per family in 1week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating m
eals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
243
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L P H IA , P A —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Number of fami
lies using in 1
week
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . — Con.
Fats, total. ________________ . . .
Butter___________ . . . ______
Cream. _______ ______ . . .
Other table fats. ___________ .
Lard_________________________
Vegetable shortening__________
Table or cooking oils__________
Mayonnaise, other salad dressing.
Bacon, smoked_______________
Salt side of pork__i________
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, total _ ________ ___
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sirloin_________
top round. _. . . .
other_________
Roast, rib . . .
-----chuck
_ --other__________
Boiling, chuck._______
p la te.. . ----other.
. _.
Canned.. . . . . . . . ___ . . .
C o r n e d . _. ._ _ ____. . .
Dried__________ ____ . . . _.
Other . . . . _____________
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops____ .
roast_____________
stew______ _ . . .
Lamb: Fresh, chops. . . .
roast __ _ _. __
s t e w . . . ______
Pork: Fresh, chops.. . . . ____
loin roast________
other.. . . .
.. .
Smoked ham, slices__ .
h a l f or
whole __ _
picnic____
Pork sausage________ .
Other pork.. __
_ ._ _
Miscellaneous meats, total. ._ _
Other fresh meat ___ ____
Bologna, frankfurters. __ _. .
Cooked: H a m ..
Tongue . . . _ _ _
Liver______
_____ . . Other meat products . . .
Poultry: Chicken, b roilin g___
roast _____
stew____ _
Turkey--------------Other. ____________
Fish and other sea food, total _.
Fish: Fresh_______________
Canned. _ ---------Cured____________ ___
Oysters. _. ------ --------Other sea food.. ___________
Average quantity pur
chased per person i in
1 week
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expendi
All ture unit per
All
fami
fami
year
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
Lb.
N o.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Average expenditure
per person i in 1
week
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
91
3
76
73
15
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
148
42
42
96
69
44
14
35
18
7
27
34
11
120
2
75
64
49
28
32
20
33
5
22
2
9
32
0
47
8
19
36
21
35
99
37
29
22
22
8
10
27
37
45
1
28
28
21
9
18
7
13
2
11
1
4
9
0
22
4
10
9
6
22
41
15
13
7
11
2
8
32
41
0
26
19
17
7
8
8
11
2
5
1
2
13
0
17
1
6
12
6
5
32
13
11
9
1
1
21
17
11
12
6
5
9
1
6
0
3
10
0
8
3
3
15
9
8
26
9
5
8
20
0
0
0
0
0
99
40
14
22
11
52
15
3
16
18
4
3
33
15
1
7
13
8
5
10
1
0
8
1
0
36
14
34
17
5
3
4
6
10
3
.114
.106
.079
.107
.108
.072
.071
.008
.038
.002
.016
.013
0
.071
.026
.042
.054
.083
.072
.139
.119
.101
.102
8
21
1
116
46
7
31
38
23
14
25
4
63.8 45.5 71.0 102.1
.002
.025
4
16
7
4
.002
27. 6 22.1 30.5 37.7
16.6 11.9 19.9 24.1
.7
.9 2.0
.1
.3
.4
.3 0
2.4 2.5 2.2 2.4
.6
.3
.6 1.6
2.7 3.5 1.4 2.2
1.4
.8 2.0 2.0
2.9 2.6 3.2 3.4
0
(3
)
(3
)
(3
)
6
13
57
13
6
0.932 0.842 0.951 1.161
.415 .309 .489 .590
.031 .005 .043 .083
.013 .018 .015 0
. 156 . 164 .141 . 165
.032 .019 .030 .070
.120 .187 .040 .062
.065 .043 .089 .091
.098 .095 .104 .098
2.541 1.947 2.794 3.729
240
29
5
5
31
16
3
8
7
11
6
7
2
0
29
9
3
9
4
.032
.072
.022
.236
0
.118
.029
.005
.033
.051
.087
.066
.102
.002 0
.085
.094
.075
.071
.124
.048
.073
.005
.037
.001
.006
.007
0
.079
.015
.043
.028
.038
.093
. 114
.097
.089
.019
.048
.023
.034
.028
.214
0
. 102
.018
.007
.033
.054
.034
.021
.068
.023
.026
.006 0
.324 .213
.188 .123
.064 .035
.016 .020
.031 .029
.025 .006
.134
.160
.102 .145
.077 .093
.106 .205
.074 .118
.099 .093
.074 .059
.014 .005
.037 .044
.005 0
.006 .058
.015 .016
0
0
.076
.005
.033
.037
.103
.049
.153
.153
.124
.034
.042
.083
.055
.147
.173
.049
.183
.128
. 101
.029
.139
.013
.104
.005
.256
.191
.082
.126
.033
.270
0
.152
.032
.003
.024
.045
.110
.075
.130
.008
0
.212
.124
.014
.013
.061
2.0
1.6
.2
.7
(3
)
.2
.5
0
2.0
.6
1.0
1.7
2.2
1.2
1.5
.1
.7
(3
)
2.4
.6
2.0
.3
7.1
0
.2
.8
1.6
2.5
1.8
2.6
.9
.1
.8
.4
.7
.4
4.2
3.1
1.8
3.0
1.9
3.0
1.7
.3
.7
6.1
4.7
2.7
6.4
3.2
2.6
1.4
.2
.7
2.5
0
.6
.8
0
1.6
.7
.9
1.4
2.5
5.2
4.9
3.0
1.9
4.1
3.2
2.5
5.3
3.2
.2
.3
0
2.0
.4
1.0
1.6
.6
5.9
3.6
.021
2.5
1.9
.9
.466
.322
.055
.058
2.6
1.6
1.8
2.0
3.0
1.5
.010
2.5
1.5
3.7
2.6
. 112
.056
.005
.047
.050
.193
.172
.152
.058
.020 0
.424
3.7
3.2
1.9
3.0
2.5
1 .1
.4
.7
.4
5.7
0
2.4
.9
.2
.6
1.6
1.0
.6
1.6
.9
0
4.0
2.3
.5
.4
.6
.2
.1
.1
.8
0
.2
.8
.8
1.1
1.7
1.2
1.2
2.1
1.1
3.3
.4
4.8
1.3
3.9
7.9
9.7
4.0
1.7
3.2
.5
1.8
1.6
2.8
.1
0
.1
1.6
3.2
2.0
3.1
.3
.5
7.6
4.7
1.3
.4
.3
.9
.6
0
2.8
.3
5.3
4.6
4.3
2.0
0
8.7
5.4
.9
.3
1.7
.4
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
244
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Vegetables and fruits, total 4_ ___
P o t a to e s ...---. --- -Sweetpotatoes, yams______ . .
Drifiri lp.jrnmes and nuts, total
Dried corn . . . -------------Beans: D ry_______ _______
Canned, dried... --Baked, not canned--Peas: Black-eyed.._ ._. _
O ther._ .
. . ---Nuts: Shelled______ ________
In shell
_ --Peanut b u tter.. . . . -----Other dried legumes and nuts.
Tomatoes: Fresh .__ _ _ _ _ _ _
Canned. . . . _ . ..
Juice. _ __
.
Sauce, paste_______
Brussels sprouts________ . . .
Cabbage.. _____ _____ _ . . .
Sauerkraut--------- ---- _
C o lla r d s ...________________
Kale_____ ________________
Lettuce---- --------- ------ Spinach: Fresh. ----- -.
Canned_____ . . . .
Other leafy vegetables.------Asparagus: Fresh___________
Canned.._ _ . ._
Lima beans: Fresh
Canned
Beans, snap (string): Fresh.__
CannedBroccoli
._ ______ _
Peas: Fresh . . . __
____
Canned . . . _
._ _
Peppers
------Okra. _________ . ------Yellow vegetables, total_ . . .
_
Carrots. . . . _. _ --- ----Winter squash and pumpkin. _
Other vegetables, total 4_ ____
Beets: Fresh_____ _ ______
Canned_____________
Cauliflower_________________
Celery_____________________
Corn: On ear_______________
Canned___________ __
Cucumber _ ---------------E g g p la n t... ---------------Onions: M ature--- -------Spring_____________
Parsnips _______________ .
Summer squash.
___ _____
White t u r n i p s . . . ..
._ _
Yellow turnips, rutabaga____
Other vegetables___
_____
Pickles and olives_____ _____
Citrus fruits, total ___________
Lemons. __________ ____ _
Oranges ... . _ .
-------Grapefruit: Fresh___________
Canned----------
Av. quantity purchased
Av. expenditure per
Families using in
person 1 in 1 wk.
per person 1 in 1 wk.
1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
All
All
All per expend,
expenditure
unit per year
fami unit per year
fami unit per year fami
lies U n
lies
lies Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
$400 $600
der
to
and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
247 100
43 14
0
77
48
0
6
9
15
6
27
0
38
21
0
2
3
2
2
11
33
161
18
27
9
72
14
104
76
4
43
26
5
146
87
3
46
33
5
0
12
12
1
2
16
0
8
0
28
7
16
0
50
18
36
9
46
21
20
120
28
5
5
1
8
75
16
0
22
11
0
1
1
6
1
9
7
45
6
7
4
27
28
0
1
Lb.
N o.
72
13
0
17
16
0
3
5
7
3
7
17
44
10
4
6
34
22
0
1
44
23
5
3
56
31
9
14
5
7
0
2
2
1
1
4
9
17
11
13
36
5
14
38
6
15
6
0
11
0
53
42
50
10
6
12
16
35
7
7
17
32
99
5
34
31
204
81
0
12
0
145
33
1
21
47
110
1
1
1
4
0
7
33
13
68
214
60
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
62
1
2
0
1
4
9
4
16
3
21
20
80
11
1
71
18
4
0
8
0
.081
.074
0
.008
.010
.007
.007
.013
.046
.338
.024
.023
1. 250
.012
.290
.129
27
63
31
1
0
.008
.005
.002
.009
.009
0
.089
.077
0
.009
.005
.007
.001
.017
0
.027 .027
.325 .286
.005 .035
.024 .025
.937 1.303
.006 .013
.266 .264
.089 .158
0
.129
. 147
.027
.018
0
0
.040 .010 .060
.009
.011 0
.021 .012 .018
.023
.084
.037
.060
.191
.006
.054
.034
.031
.138
.014
Lb.
0
.094
.106
0
.005
.030
.013
.012
.223
.223
. 162
. 162
.002
.148
.003
.388
.002
.006
0
.001
0
.025
.109
.025
.079
.204
.088
.041
.045
.067
.123
.060
.109
.307
. 243
.243
.351
.351
.016
.085
.014
1.529
.095
1.209
.209
.016
0
.671 1.157 1.386
.040 .055 .094
.012 .032 .024
.030 .091 .108
.103 .147 .255
.008 0
0
.099 .169 .248
.003 .008
0
.004
.004 0
.309 .449 .504
.008 0
0
.012 .013
0
0
.019
.042
.013
0
.004
.164
.015
0
0
0
0
.8
0
.1
.1
.1
.2
.2
0
0
.1
.1
.2
(3)
.3
.7
.6
0
.1
.1
.2
.2
.2
2.3
1.5
0
.020
C t.
.268
.234
.003
0
0
a t.
(3)
* .6
3.0
.3
.4
12.7
.3
.010 .012
0
0
.949
.055
a t.
0
.023
.086
.019
.919 1.602 3.021
.052 .135 .150
.772 1.266 2.270
.093 .163 .582
.002 .038 .019
C t.
51.9 35.4 57.5 87.6
5.5 4.3 6.1 7.8
.5
.3
.9
.8
2.1 1.9 1.9 3.5
.014
.004
. 124
.446
.058
.017
1.983
.026
.391
.191
.012
0
0
.002
0
2
0
2
8
6
.071
.046
.131 .080
. 163 ' .144
.016 .016
.018 .024
34
3
0
Lb.
0
0
0
0
.012 .013 .008 .017
.063
.145
61
0
.001 0
18
43
0
Lb.
9.806 7.291 10.606 15.188
3.542 2.900 3.895 4. 714
.152 .089 .207 .239
.201 . 150 .205 .278
1.1
.9
0
.1
.2
.2
0
.8
.1
.7
.5
.4
.3
.4
.9
2.3
.2
0
1.2
1.2
0
.6
0
.1
1.2
1.2
.2
.3
(3)
.5
.4
.5
1.5
.2
0
.9
.9
0
1.4
(3)
1.5
(3)
(3)
.8
0
1.0
0
(3)
(3)
0
.1
.3
.2
1.0
8.0
.4
.3
(3)
.4 1.6
2.5 4.1
.4
.6
.3
.3
8.1 14.2 21.3
.1
.3
.5
.9 1.1 1.7
4.6
1.6
0
.8
2.8
7.4
.3
.2
.8
(3)
.3
.9
0
(3)
.5
0
.2
0
.3 1 .2
.8
.7
.5
.2
.1
.4
(3)
1.2
0
0
0
.1
.2
.1
.5
4.8
.7
.3
6.0 4.1
1.1
.4
.2 (3)
1.2
0
.1
2.5
1.2
.3
.1
0
1.2
.1
.3
.4
1.1
.3
1.1
2.7
.2
0
1.2
1.2
0
1.1
0
.1
4.6
2.6
.1
(3)
0
1.7
.5
.5
.8
1.1
.4
1.6
3.7
.3
0
2.1
2.1
0
9.3 12.7
.3
.6
.4
.3
1.2 1.4
1.4 3.1
.1
1.6
(3)
0
1.9
.1
.1
0
(3)
0
2.6
.1
.1
2.1
0
.1
0
.1
.6
.4
.3
.2
1.3 1.6
9.3 14.4
1.1
1.3
6.7 9.9
1.0 3.1
.5
.1
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
i
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
245
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
P H IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—W H ITE F A M IL IE S—Continued
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U s e d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Other fruits, t o t a l . . __ ___ . _
Apples: Fresh____
_ ------Canned. .. ____ _ _
Apricots: Fresh___ ____ _ _
Canned
... .
Bananas___ _ ___ ____ ___.
Berries: Fresh________________
C a n n e d .________ . . .
Cherries: Fresh.. .. ______ _ _
Canned. _ .. ______ _
Grapes: F r e s h .___________ _
Canned. __________ _
Peaches: Fresh. __________ _ _
C anned.. . _____ _
Pears: Fresh____ . . . . . . . . .
Canned
. ___ _____
Pineapple: Fresh___________ _
Canned. __ __ . . .
M elons.. __ _______ ^______ _
Plums: Fresh____________ . . .
Canned ____
Other fruit____________ _ _ _
Cider __ __ _____ ______ _
Grape juice____________ . . .
Other fruit juices
_________
Dried: Apricots____ ________
Peaches____ ________
Prunes _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Raisins______________
Dates
__ _ _ _ _ .
Figs__________________
Other______
. . . __
Sugars and sweets, total
_ ...
Sugars: W h it e ____
__ _____
Brown ... __. . . _
Other sweets: Candy. _______
Jellies... . __ _ .
Molasses, sirups..
Other sweets. .
Miscellaneous, total . . . ______
Gelatine. _ __
_ _
Packaged dessert mixtures ___
Tea__________________________
Coffee.__ _ _ ____
____. . .
Cocoa______ ____
_ _
__
C hocolate______ _____ _ __ .
Vinegar ______ _____ . . . _ __
Salt_________________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda___
Spices and extracts____ __ __ _
Catsups, sauces______________
Tomato soup________________
Other soups____________
Cod-liver oil___ ______ _____
Proprietary foods_______ ___
Other foods____
. . . . __
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on f o o d .___ _ ___
Economic
level—Fam i
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
171
6
1
3
87
5
2
0
5
6
0
2
41
13
21
1
27
0
0
7
12
0
2
14
14
4
69
23
2
8
3
64
2
0
0
40
0
1
0
2
0
0
2
51
2
0
0
35
4
0
0
2
5
0
0
7
3
5
19
7
5
14
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
6
1
29
10
0
3
2
240 100
11
4
49 16
60 19
49 21
34
8
47 14
164 67
245 102
55 31
11
3
8
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
4
2
1
23
6
0
1
0
72
1
12
21
13
13
17
50
74
8
5
N o.
Lb.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
1. 529 1.082 1.621 2. 571
.718 .572 .781 1 . Oil
2
.021 .013 .013 .052
56
1
3
12
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
15
3
8
1
8
0
0
4
8
0
2
9
6
2
17
7
2
4
1
68
6
21
20
15
13
16
47
69
16
3
0
0
.006 0
.410 .280
.005 0
0
0
.005
.393
.009
.002 .001 0
0
0
0
.023
.772
.015
.006
0
.005
.003
.004
.056
.025
.031
0
.008 0
.019 .080 .120
.007 .034 .058
.026 .033 .044
.011 0
0
0
.002 0
.031
.003
.026
0
0
.015
.037
.008
.009
.043
.004
.015
.020
0
.036
.010
.003
.096
.025
0
0
.002 0
.084
.024
.001 0
. 116
.016
0
.098
.040
.005
.013
.021
.008
.038
.238
.026
.004
.053
.307
.019
.034
.063
.345
.009
.019
.012
.020
(3)
(3)
.6
.2
0
0
.1
.2
0
.2
.1
.9
.3
(3)
.1
.1
9.5
5.7
.1
1.9
1 .1
.6
.1
14
26
0
5
2
22
20
13
7
9
14
19
6
11
4
10
6
9
15
4
2
10
11
12
.044
.112
.009
.010
.052
.045
.009
.010
.009 0
.097 .025
.128 .020
.045 .022
.170 .203
.007 .011
.018 0
.010 .029
.099 .282
.132 .402
C t.
18.3
5.8
.2
.4
1.3
0
0
(3)
0
0
.1
.2
.1
.3
0
.2
0
0
.1
0
0
0
.1
.2
(3)
.9
.3
3.8
0
.1
1.8
.2
0
0
.1
.4
0
0
.9
.4
.5
0
.6
0
0
.1
.2
0
0
.5
.1
0
1.0
.2
0
0
.1
.1
(3)
.2
0
0
0
.5
3.2
.4
.1
0
.2
.2
0
0
1.2
.3
.5
.1
.7
0
0
.2
.5
0
.2
1.3
.5
.2
1.0
.3
.1
.2
.2
7.3 10.6 14.1
5.2 6.2 6.2
.1 (3)
.3
.7 1.9 5.3
.7 1.7 1.5
.4
.8
.8
0
20.7 14.7 23.0 32.5
.2
.5
.7
.7
.5
.3
.6
.9
2.4 1.9 2.6 3.4
7.3 6.0 8.3 9.6
.5
.4
.6
.4
.2
.5
.5
.4
20
2.7
(3)
0
.1
.2
0
C t.
6.8 11.1
.1
0
0
.8
43
47
17
C t.
.2
0
.1
1.8
.1
(3)
.5
.017
.021
3.6
.097
.021
.010
.008
.012
C t.
10.2
.065
.010
.005 .004 .002
.003 .003 0
.010
1.271 1.117 1.389 1.504
1.086 .989 1.181 1 . 206
.012 .008 .004 .035
.058 .033 .062 . 114
.063 .041 .087 .085
.046 .035 .055 .064
0
.006 .011 0
.013
.019
.047
.279
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
.4
(3)
.4
0
0
0
0
.009 .004 .010 .021
.012 0
.016 .036
0
0
0
0
.002 0
0
.009
0
0
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
1.0
.6
1.0
.7
.6
.4
.6
2.2
.1
.5
.7
.4
.3
.8
.6
.6
.6
.6
0
.2
.3
.2
.4
.9
.4
.5
1.3
.7
1.5
.7
.9
.3
.7
1.9
.2
.5
.8
1.2
.4
1.2
.5
1.4
.8
0
1.5
1.6
7.4
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
246
T a b l e 7 . — Food
used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S
All fami
lies
Item
Item
__________ ____
Total
Grain products, total___ ____
Bread, baked goods, total____
Bread: W hite--------Gr aham, whol e
wheat___________
R y e_______________
Crackers___
___ - --Plain r o lls _____
Sweet rolls__ --- ---------Cookies________
_ _
Cakes__ ___ ______ __ __
Pies
_______ __
Other _____ _ _ _ ____ _
Ready-to-eat cereals.. ---Flour and other cereals, total. _
Flour: White ___. . . . .
G raham ______ __
Other..
... _ _
Corn meal_______ . . .
H om iny________ __
Cornstarch___ _
... _
R ice__________ . .
--Rolled oats________
____
Wheat cereal_____ _ _ _ _
Tapioca___ . . . _ . . . _ _.
Sago-----------------------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products_____
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total. . _
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled..
loose___
skimmed. . . . _
buttermilk and
other________
Skimmed, dried_____
Evaporated and con
densed___ _
_
Cheese: American______ _ _
Cottage. ____
Other. __ __ ______
Ice cream. __ _ _
_______
32
4.76
4.05
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
18
2.23
2.07
8
1.89
1. 72
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All per expend,
unit per year
fami unit per year
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Food
U sed at H o m e a nd P u r chased fo r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e
in 1 W e e k
$600 and
over
Under $400 $400 to $600
58
3. 58
3.10
Number of families surveyed in winter quarter__________
A v no. of equivalent full-time persons i per family in 1 wk __
A v.no. of food expenditure u n its 2 per family in 1 w k____
Families using in
1 wk.
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
N o. N o.
N o.
N o.
Lb.
51
29
14
8
2
0
6
0
0
2
2
2
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
1
1
2
1
0
4
4
4
3
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
8
6
2
43
27
11
0
0
6
1
0
0
0
30
6
0
32
22
9
0
0
0
0
20
5
0
19
17
7
9
4
1
0
0
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
4
0
0
4
1
1
0
0
2
0
.070 0
0
.018
.028
.020
0
0
.309
.075
0
.281
.172
.068
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
27
17
44
25
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
35
14
19
10
6
1
0
1
2
0
15
51
0
0
0
2
10
8
0
0
6
3
0
5
0
1
2
7
7
Lb.
Lb.
3. 938 3.709 4.607 4.479
1. 845 1.660 2,462 2.071
1. 664 1.607 1.865 1.709
.016
.019
.003
.007
0
.025
2.068
5 1.110
0
0
Lb.
$600
and
over
.053
0
0
.007
.023
.014
.009
.362 0
0
.045
.026
.026
.008
0
.079
0
.015
0
. 036
.030 .013
2.019 2.132
1.012 1. 321
0
0
.302
.088
0
.264
.217
.086
0
0
.050
0
0
0
.056
.083
.056
.111
.056
0
0
0
2. 408
1. 541
0
0
.296 .416
.053 0
0
0
.322 .347
.067 0
.006 .048
0
0
.067
0
0
.056
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.545 .434 .874 .791
2. 865 2.828 2.749 3. 543
2. 384 2. 415 2.189 2.588
.040
.345
.050
.031
0
.317
.041
0
.003 0
.045
0
.382
.081
0
.119
0
.527
.059
0
.013 0
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
198.9
29.0
16.8
14.3
.6
0
.4
.3
.4
.2
.4
C t.
C t.
C t.
160.3 276. 2
26.6 35.4
14. 7 22.8
13.9 15.7
379. 6
32. 5
3.3
0
0
1.2
0
0
.1
.3
.3
.1
0
0
0
0
.9
.2
.3
.1
20.1
15.0
.5
1.1
1.4
.9
1.7
.3 0
.3 0
.4
.4
.3 0
11.8 11. 5 12. 3 12. 4
5.8 5.2 7.2 7.3
.1
.1
0
0
1.3
.3
0
1.8
1.3
.6
0
0
.7
0
0
1.3
.3
0
1.6
1.6
.8
0
0
.7
0
12.6
0
0
0
0
0
.6
0
0
9.8
19.6 18.3
13.1 13.0
3.2
1.3
0
.1
.7
2.9
1.0
0
0
0
0
1.3
.4
0
2.2
0
0
1.5
0
0
2.3
.5 0
.1
.8
0
0
0
0
.6
.5
0
0
21.1 18.7
20.0 31. 0
12.2 16.3
0
0
0
0
.2
0
3.8
2.1
0
.5
0
4.6
1.9
0
.5 0
.043 .024 .039 .250
1.3
.7 1.2 7.7
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of number of
persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the
week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the
appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
247
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
P H IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N EGRO FA M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All per expend,
unit per year
fami unit per year
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c — Con.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
Fats, total
_____
1.055 0.801 1.682 1.951 26. 6 19. 7 45. 2 46. 8
.275 .205 .443 .539 10.6 7.8 17.6 20.5
Butter____ __ -------- ----53 27 18
8
Cream.
_. _ __ _______
.016 0
.4 0
.084 0
2.2 0
3
0
0
3
Other table fats
______ __
.2
1
.006 .009 0
.2 0
0
1
0
0
0
Lard __ _
______
.334 .401 .756
5.8 5.2 5.8 11.5
50 31 11
.378
8
Vegetable shortening_______ _
.1 0
.010 0
.053 0
1
0
1
.6 0
0
Table or cooking oils_ ______
.022 .004 .098 0
.2 5.0 0
1.1
3
1
2
0
Mayonnaise and other salad
dressing _ _ _
_ _
1.4 1.2 1.5 2.7
.071 .058 .082 .167
18 11
4
3
Bacon, smoked___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3.9 3.4 5.6 5.0
4
. 133 . 113 . 195 .170
27 14
9
Salt side of pork______ ______
.144 .078 .326 .319
3.1 1.7 6.9 7.1
26 14
5
7
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, to t a l_ _ ______ __
_
3. 317 2.869 4.070 5. 735 60.7 48.7 84. 7 119. 7
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir
loin _ _ _ _ _
2
.9
1
.035 .024 .047 .111
.6 1.7 2.8
5
2
top round _
.037 .026 .092 0
.9
5
3
2
0
.6 2.5 0
other__________
2
.067 .067 .071 .056
6
3
1
1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2
Roast, rib___________
.021 .022 .024 0
2
.7
1
1
0
.7
.7 0
chuck_______ _
5
4
.075 .096 .025 0
1.3 1.6
1
0
.6 0
other___ _ __
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
Boiling, chuck___ __.
.097 . 122 .013 .069
1.3 1.5
9
1
1
.2 1.4
7
plate.. ______
.4
.031 .042 0
3
3
0
0
.6 0
0
0
other
___ _
.053 0
.2 0
.010 0
1
0
1
0
.9 0
Canned _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1
.019 0
.099 0
.1 0
0
0
.6 0
1
Corned______ __ __. ____
0
1
1
.010 0
. 139
.1
0
0
0
0
1.9
Dried _________ _ __ ---4
.2 0
3
1
.007 .008 .004 0
.3
.4
0
O ther.._
___ __ ______
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops
2
.033 0
.053 .310
.7 0
3
0
1.3 5.8
1
roast— __
.2
.2 0
.013 .018 0
0
1
1
0
0
0
stew .. _ ________
.015 .009 0
. I ll
.3
.2 0
2
1
1
1.4
0
Lamb: Fresh, chops_____ _____
.016 .004 .059 .014
.2 1.8
4
.5
1
2
1
.4
roast— ___ _
_
2.1
.112 .053 .302 .208
5
1
1
.8 6.2 4. 2
3
stew__ __ _ __
.2
2
1
1
.025 .026 .026 0
.2
.4 0
0
Pork: Fresh, chops_
_ ______
4.3 3.7 4.7 9.6
27 14
6
. 190 .159 .201 .464
7
loin roast. _ ___
.080 .061 . 122 .139
5
3
1
1
1.5 1.2 2.0 3.0
other _ ________
2
2
4.4 5.0 1.4 6.4
14 10
.350 .402 . 155 .342
Smoked ham, slices...
2
.012 .009 0
.2
.2 0
1.2
1
0
1
.069
half or whole.212 .230 .224 0
6
2
4.8 5.3 4.8 0
8
0
picnic .. __
2
1
7
.175 .165 .243 .083
3.0 2.4 5.6 1.9
10
Pork sausage
2
4.3 2.9 10.4 3.0
25 14
9
.190 .129 .454 .111
Other pork. _ _ _ ___
4
.9 1.1
5
1
.076 .097 .027 0
.3 0
0
Miscellaneous meats, total
. 246 . 238 . 172 . 508
4.8 4.4 4.1 10. 4
Other fresh meat___
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Bologna, frankfurters.
.137 .133 .056 .398
2.9 2.7 1.6 7.7
23 15
3
5
Cooked: H am ______ ___ _
2
2
.4
.010 .003 .026 .028
1.2 1.3
7
3
.1
T o n g u e ..._____ _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
Liver.
_ __ ______
_ __
.071 .078 .064 .013
1.1
1.2 1.0
12
1
8
3
.3
Other meat p rodu cts_______
.4
.028 .024 .026 .069
.4
.3 1.1
6
3
1
2
Poultry: Chicken, broiling_
_
2
.193 .117 .246 .819
5
3
4.8 3.1 6.3 18.4
10
roast ___ __
3.1 1.9 9.0 0
2
0
.131 .082 .369 0
7
5
stew_____ _
4
4
3
.252 .154 .389 .866
11
5.3 3.0 8.7 19.9
Turkey____________
0
1
1
0
0
.049 0
.666
1.3 0
0
17.3
Other________ ____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
Fish and other sea food, total. __
.538 .509 .600 .650
6.5 5.6 9.1 9. 5
Fish: Fresh___
__________
.446 .434 .434 .594
5.2 4.7 5.7 8.1
33 20
8
5
C anned_____________
4
2
.026 .026 .036 0
.4
6
.4
0
.6 0
Cured________________
.052 .049 .062 .056
6
2
.6
3
1
.5
.8 1.4
Oysters________________
.008 0
.039 0
0
1
0
1
0
.1
.8 0
Other sea food.. _ __ ____
.006 0
.029 0
.2 0
0
1
0
1
1.2 0
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the
week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as the
appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456,
03959°—39-----17
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
248
T able 7.— Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
P H IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
Av. quantity purchased Av. expenditure per
Families using in
1 wk.
person 1 in 1 wk.
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All per expend,
All
All
unit per year
fami
fami unit per yr.
fami unit per year
lies U n $400 $600 lies
lies U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der
der to and
to
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Lb.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l 4_____
6.486 5 .178 8. 587 14.174 28.9 21. 5 43. 0 66 6
Potatoes____________ _________
49 27 14
8 2.007 1.735 1.916 4. 985
3.4 2.9 4 .0 7.0
Sweetpotatoes, yams___ ___ ___
7
6
27 14
.701 .683 .565 1.241
2.8 2.6 2.5 5.7
Dried legumes and nuts, total—
l 368 . 328 . 377 . 764
2. 9 2. 3 3 5 7. t
Dried corn------ -- --------0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
o'
0
4
4
Beans: D ry .— ------------22 14
.177 . 168 . 132 .388
1.1
.9 1.0 2.4
Canned, dried_______
12
3
2
7
.095 .088 .109 . 125
.7
.6
1.0 1.1
Baked, not canned___
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Peas: B la ck -ey ed .____ _____
3
2
6
.070 .054 .097 . 167
11
.5
.4
.7 1.3
Other____ ___ _ . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
Nuts: Shelled_______________
2
0
2
.004 0
0
0
.056
.2 0
2.2
0
2
In shell___ ________ _
4
1
1
.014 .009 .039 0
.2
.1
.8
0
Peanut butter. „__________ _
2
1
0
1
.008 .009
0 .028
.2
.3
.5
0
Other dried legum es and nuts
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
o
2
Tomatoes: F resh .;__________
4
.024 .009 .067 .056
1
1
.3
.1
.7
1.0
Canned. _________
6
1
17 10
.171 . 164 .224 .108
1.2 1.1
1.8 1.1
Juice. _ . . . . . . . .
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sauce, paste_______
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
1.153 .928 1 . 666 2. 067
7.0 5.1 10. 9 14. 6
Brussels sprouts.. . ______ _
2
1
1
.008 .003 .026 0
0
.1
.1
.4
o'
Cabbage.
. . . _ . . . __ __
9
2
27 16
.536 .478 .786 .458
2.0 1.8 2.7 1.9
Sauerkraut___ . . . _____ ____
5
3
0
2
.071 .053 0
.444
.3
.3 0
1.4
Collards____________________
12
2
9
1
. 125 .110 . 164 . 167
.8
.7 1.0 1.1
Kale_________________
2
5
3
.045 .024 . 142 0
0
.2
.2
.6 0
2
4
Lettuce_________ ____ ____ _
7
1
.043 .009 .184 .019
.6
. 1 2.4
.5
Spinach: Fresh_____________
5
2
3
10
.113 .084 .092 .456
.9
.5 1.0 3.9
Canned________ _
1
1
0
0
.006 0
.033 0
.1 0
.3 0
Other leafy vegetables____ _
3
3
0
0
0
.029 .040 0
.1
.2 0
0
Asparagus: Fresh___________
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned____ . . .
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Lima beans: Fresh____ _____
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned__ ._
1
1
.005 0
0
0
0
.069
.1 0
.7
0
Beans, snap (string): Fresh...
.022 .016 0
3
1
0
2
. 145
.2
.1 0
1.7
Canned2
1
4
7
.050 .022 .099 .208
.4
.2
.9 1.4
Broccoli___________ ______
1
1
2
0
.027 .009 . 105 0
.3
.1
.8 0
Peas: Fresh___________ _ __
1
1
0
.005 0
0
.026 0
.1
0
.5 0
Canned___________. . .
1
7
6
0
.061 .076
0 .073
.6
.7 0
1.2
Peppers____________________
2
3
1
.004
0
0 .009 .028
.1
0
.3
.8
Okra_____________________ _
1
1
0
0
0
.003 .004 0
.1
.1 0
0
Yellow vegetables, total____ _
.2
.048 .034 . 120 0
.2
.6 o
Carrots______ ______ ____
4
3
I
8
.048 .034 . 120 0
.2
.2
0
.6
Winter squash and pumpkin. _
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other vegetables, to ta l 4 ___ _
.780 .495 1. 318 2. 252
3.8 2.7 4 .8 12. 7
Beets: Fresh_______________
3
2
0
1
.027 .026 0
.111
.1
.1
o’
.5
Canned______________
2
1
0
0
0
.010 0
.139
.1 0
0
.9
Cauliflower_________________
1
0
0
1
0
.004 0
0
.056
.1
0
.9
Celery_____________________
4
3
1
0
.019 .018 .029 0
.1
.1
.1
0
Corn: On ear____________ __
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned____________ _
16 10
3
3
.110 .093 .091 .330
1.2 1.0 1.0 3.8
Cucumber.________________
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Eggplant___________________
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Onions: M ature____________
37 18 13
6
.356 .239 .637 .797
1.3 1.0 2.0 3.2
Spring_____________
1
1
0
0
0
. I ll (3)
.008 0
0
0
.5
Parsnips___________________
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 •0
0
0
Summer squash____ ______
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
White turnips______________
3
1
1
1
.032 .017 .063 .111
.1
.1
.1
.3
Yellow turnips, rutabaga.. . _
12
4
5
3
.214 . 102 .498 .597
.4 1.6 1.8
.7
Other vegetables_________ __
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pickles and olives_________ _
. 1 (3)
o
.8
Citrus fruits, total____________
.613 .322 1. 270 1. 805
3. 3 1. 5 7.1 9 4
Lemons__________________ _
4
1
2
1
.016 .009 .047 0
.2
.1
1 6 0*
Oranges____________________
21
7
9
5
.428 .211 .954 1. 222 2.2 1.0 4.9 6.1
2
Grapefruit: Fresh___________
5
3
10
. 169 . 102 .269 .583
.4 1.6 3.3
.9
Canned. _______
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
o 1 0
0
0
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
* Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456
249
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Ay. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per yr.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e ,E t c . —Con.
Apples: Fresh________________
Canned.
_________
Apricots: Fresh______________
Canned____________
B a n a n a s----------------------Berries: Fresh___________ ____
Canned______ ______
Cherries: Fresh________ __ __
C a n n e d ...----------Grapes: Fresh-----------------Canned. ._ _________
Peaches: F resh.. ____________
C anned.______ _____
Pears: Fresh_________________
Canned__________. . . _
Pineapple: Fresh.. . . _____. . .
C anned.__________
M elons----- ----------------Plums: F r e sh _______________
Canned____________ .
Other fruit_____________ . . . .
Cider_______________________
Grape juice . .._ __________
Otherfruitjuices. ___________
Dried: Apricots___ _________ .
Peaches
. . . --- -----Prunes ______ _
Raisins____________ . . .
D a t e s . --- . . . . . .
Figs--------------------Other.______ _________
Sugars and sweets, total___ ._ _ _
Sugars: White _____________
Brown__________
_
Other sweets: Candy. . . .
Jellies _____ _ _
Molasses, sirups..
Other sweets _ _
Miscellaneous, total_
_
Gelatin . . . ________________
Packaged dessert mixtures.
Tea____________ ____ _____ . . .
C offee.. _________. . . _____ _
Cocoa__________ ___________
Chocolate______ ______ ______
Vinegar________ ___________
Salt_________________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
Spices and extracts________ _.
Catsups, sauces___________ ___
Tomato soup____ _ . . . . . . . . .
Other soups .. ______ . . . . . .
Cod-liver oil. . . . ___________
Proprietary foods_____________
Other fo o d s______ _______ _
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food.
N o.
21
1
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
N o. N o.
12
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
11
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
49
28
14
4
9
14
3
5
3
0
3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
4
1
11
1
20
42
10
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
7
0
10
4
0
11
25
4
1
0
1
2
2
5
1
7
11
5
0
N o.
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
0
0
0
7
1
0
2
2
2
0
2
6
1
0
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
. 621
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
.222
.095
.089
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
.480 1.064 .896
.506 .488
.018 0
0
.296
.013
All
fami
lies
C t.
4.0
1.5
.1
0
0
0
0
.002 .003 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.011
0
.020
0
0
0
.020
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
0
0
0
0
.105 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
0
0
0
.1
.1
.8
.1
0
0
0
.057
.036
.147
.015 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.005 0
.011 .013
.085
.006
.135 0
0
.094
0
0
0
.030
.031
.006 .056
0
.014
.075 .053 .277
.009 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.194 1.015 1.639 1.833
1.007 .848 1.403 1. 561
.015
.042
.130
.013
.018
.136
.022 .014
.001 0
.019
. 174
.023
.001
.016
. 141
0
.026 0
.105
.105
.126
.146
0
.044 .042
.006 0
.032 .011
.219 .381
.053 .056
.012
.002 0
0
(3)
.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.5
.3
7.6
5.2
0
.5
.8
1.1
0
13.9
.6
.1
.9
4.5
.4
.1
.2
.6
1.0
.4
.1
5
1
2
0
2
3
4
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
1
2
1
0
0
1
0
2
.024
.010
.009
.007
.026
0 0
0
0
0
.016 .018 0
.108
.041 0
.213 0
0
.054
.013 0
.182
. 146
0
.026
.053
.333
.3
.2
.4
0
.5
.4
3.2
C t.
3.0
1.1
.1
0
.1
.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
0
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.7
Ct
6.8
2.5
7.9
2.4
0
0
0
.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
0
0
0
.6
0
0
0
.1
0
0
0
0
1.5
.3
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.2 11.3
4.4
C t.
7.2
.5
.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.4
.1
3.0
0
0
0
0
12.1
8.7
0
0
1.2
0
0
0
2.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.8
0
0
0
0
1.8
0
0
.3
.3
1.3
1.9
.9
1.3
9.5 15.5 52.2
.4 1.3 1.2
.3 0
0
.8 1.4
.5
3.8 5.9 8.9
.3
.9
.9
.1
.2
.6
1.0
.1
.1
.1
0
.5
0
.1
0
1.4
.5
.9
1. 7
.3
.5
.3
1.5
2.3
5.6
0
.5 27.7
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
250
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
PIT T S B U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
All fami
lies
Item
Number of families surveyed in winter quarter________
A v . no. of equivalent full-time persons 1per family in 1 wk _
Av. no. of food expenditure un its 2 per family in 1 w k___
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e a nd P u r ch a sed
fo r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
T otal__________________________
Grain products, total----------Bread and other baked goods
total---------------------Bread: W hite--------------Graham, whole wheat.
R ye_______________
Crackers__________________
Plain rolls________________
Sweet rolls-----------------Cookies--------------------Cakes------ .=
--------------Pies______________________
Other----------------------Ready-to-eat cereals_________
Flour and other cereals, total.
Flour: W hite_____________
Graham___________
Other_____________
Corn m eal________________
H om iny__________________
Cornstarch_______________
Rice_____________________
Rolled oats_______________
Wheat cereal______________
Tapioca--------------------Sago_____________________
Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products------Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, to ta l.__
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled _
loose___
skimmed______
buttermilk and
other________
Skimmed, dried______
Evaporated and con
densed____________
Cheese: American__________
Cottage____________
O thei______________
Ice cream__________________
No.
Under $400 $400 to $600
346
4.06
3.41
151
5.16
4.47
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fam i
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
No.
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
No.
Lb.
107
15
28
39
10
30
15
29
11
109
49
277
"90
0
0
11
3
11
38
7
40
104
142
63
1
16
28
51
20
21
1
8
0
178
58
334
117
314
111
0
0
1
1
5
2
190
125
21
66
20
0
1
4
1
90
58
7
31
3
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Lb.
Lb.
a .
C t.
C t.
C t.
226.7 188.4 255.2 508.8
37.1 34.5 38.5 43.2
2. 747 2. 466 3. I ll 3. 058 26.1 22.5 30.0 31.2
2.010 1.914 2.105 2.178 16.4 15.5 17.3 18.0
.095 .059 . 136 . 145
.8
.5 1.1 1.2
.271 .200 .427 .226
16
2.2 1.6 3.6 1.9
.080 .062 .097 . 110 1.0
17
.8 1.4 1.4
.037 .042 .018 .055
7
.7
.8
.3
.9
.081 .072 .100 .076
16
1.5 1.2 1.9 1.5
11 .034 .029 .039 .042
.8
.6
.8 1.3
.086 .052 . 122 . 137
21
1.9 1.1 2.8 3.3
.039 .030 .052 .050
10
.5
.3
.6
.8
.014 .006 .015 .039
.3
.1
.2
.9
24
.059 .036 .092 .083
1.0
.6 1.5 1.5
1. 540 1 . 862 .981 1.448 10.0 11.4 7.0 10. 5
63 1.057 1. 363 .587 .844
5.3 6.7 3.0 4.5
10
0
4
6
1
9
26
32
16
11
0
.019
.043
.010
.010
.069
.090
.033
.006
0
.006
.039
.014
.011
.075
.079
.030
0
.030
.036
.006
.008
.051
.089
.026
.007
0
.044
.072
.005
.012
.084
. 133
.057
0
0
.001
0
0
.022
0
0
0
0
0
33
.203
.244
.141
0
.175
.560 .517 .559 .716
4. 530 3.896 5.393 5.186
66 3. 982 3.389 4.787 4.597
.003 .006 0
0
0
.002 0
0
.007 0
71
0
. 001
. 018
.001
64
42
36
25
24
6
11
6
.376
.069
.016
.035
.024
.373
.066
.008
.031
.004
11
76
2. 81
2.16
71
1
1
8
119
3.46
2.87
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
Families spending
spending per
per expenditure
All
expenditure
unit per year
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der
to
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
4.346 4.364 4.184 4. 589
305
38
$600 and
over
0
. 022
0
0
.368
.067
.026
.045
.050
.405
.085
.026
.029
.044
0
.2
.2
0
.1
.2
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
.1
.6
.8
.5
.1
0
2.2
0
.1
.6
.7
.5
(3)
0
2.5
0
.3
.2
.1
.5
0
.4
.3
(3)
.1
.8
.8
1.2
.1
0
1.6
0
0
2.0
0
(3)
0
0
.4
.9
.3
13.7 11.9 15.1 17.7
27.5 23.6 32.7 31.9
20.3 17.2 24.5 23.6
0
0
(3)
(3)
0
.1 0
(3)
(3)
3.0
1.9
.2
1.2
.7
(3)
3.0
1.9
.1
1.2
.1
2 .8
1.8
.3
1 .5
1 .4
3.3
2.5
.3
1. 0
1.2
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of number of
persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during the
week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 7 . — Food
251
used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
P IT T S B U R G H , PA.—W H ITE F A M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All
All per expend,
fami- unit per year fami
lies
Un- $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed a t H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Lb.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
0.898 0.810 0.982 1.057 24.3 20.2 28.1 33.0
Fats, total_____________________
326 137 115
74
.401 .314 .491 .544 14.6 11.5 17.8 20! 2
Butter_______________________
8
24
8
8
.022 .012 .035 .033
Cream___________ ____________
.6
.3 1.0 1.0
8
49 30 11
.048 .065 .026 .030
Other table fats_______________
.7 1.0
.4
.5
246 120 79
47
. 195 .202 .207 .147
Lard_________________________
2.9 3.0 2.9 2.4
12
.023 .009 .044 .035
Vegetable shortening----------45 15 18
.4
.2
.8
.8
9
5
Table or cooking oils__________
.062 .091 .035 .011
40 26
1.0 1.4
.7
.2
21
Mayonnaise, other salad dressing _
69 27 21
.030 .029 .014 .064
.6
.4 1.3
.5
Bacon, smoked_______________
167 66 61
40
. 105 .072 .122 . 190
3.3 2.1 3.9 6.5
6
3
1
Salt side of pork______________
10
.012 .016 .008 .003
.2
.2
.2
.1
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
2.488 2.097 2.837 3.229 56.1 43.7 65.5 81. 7
food, total__________________
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir
126 37 53
loin_________
36
.139 .077 .197 .249
4.4 2.7 5.8 8.0
81 33 28
top round_____
20
.100 .078 .112 .158
2.5 1.9 2.8 4.2
49 27 14
8
.062 .065 .060 .053
other__________
1.1 1.1
1.1
1.2
15
59 23 21
.138 . 105 .176 .187
Roast, rib___________
3.3 2.1 4.4 5.3
5
chuck_________
. 117 .098 .190 .044
50 25 20
2.1 1.8 3.3
.7
11
7
3
1
.021 .024 .025 .004
other__________
.5
.5
.5
.1
Boiling, chuck_______
.166 .159 .165 . 192
20
101 45 36
2.8 2.5 2.8 3.6
44 28 10
6
.071 .086 .053 .052
plate________
1.1 1 .1 1.2 1.0
other________
5
37 26
6
.048 .058 .032 .040
.8 1.0
.6
.7
0
0
0
Canned____________________
0
0
.001 0
0
0
(s)
(3)
(3)
5
2
1
8
.006 .008 .003 .004
.1
Corned____________________
.1
.1
.1
2
3
.002 .001 .006 .001
5
.1
10
Dried______________________
.1
.3
.1
0
0
Other______________________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
54 22 19
1.6 1.2 1.9 2.4
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops______
13 ' .064 .047 .087 .083
.043 .037 .036 .081
roast____________
5
5
20 10
1.0
.8
.9 1.7
.037 .036 .048 .018
stew_____________
26 13 11
2
.7
.7 1.1
.3
.040 .015 .061 .088
.4 1.8 2.7
Lamb: Fresh, chops__________
8 15
12
1.2
35
.034 .012 .054 .078
14
3
5
.9
.3 1.4 2.0
roast___________
6
.041 .033 .051 .052
6
.8
stew ___________
31 11 14
.6 1.0
.8
22
.131 .103 . 171 . 155
3.2 2.3 4.4 4.0
Pork: Fresh, chops___________
116 47 47
loin roast________
.195 .151 .233 .282
77 33 28
16
3.9 2.9 4.6 6.4
.043 .056 .023 .035
other____________
29 18
5
.8 1.0
.4
6
.5
Smoked ham, slices_____
.038 .041 .034 .033
41 19 14
8
1 .1 1 .1 1.0 1.3
h a l f or
4
.053 .057 .027 .086
12
6
2
1.0
.9
.6 1.9
whole___
1
2
.028 .032 .014 .038
.4
.5
9
6
.1
.5
picnic____
22
.080 .066 .100 .094
1.8 1.4 2.2 2.2
Pork sausage___________
90 38 30
1
.008 .006 .008 .012
.1
.1
Other pork_____________
2
.2
6
3
.2
.325 .311 .368 .300
Miscellaneous meats, total_____
7.8 6.9 9.2 8. 5
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
Other fresh meat____________
0
0
0
0
. 167 .170 .181 . 130
3.6 3.5 4.1 3.2
154 78 53
23
Bologna, frankfurters________
.099 .077 . 123 . 133
24
2.9 2.1 3.6 4.2
Cooked: H am ______________
107 44 39
.003 .003 .003 .005
.1
.1
.1
.2
4
2
1
1
Tongue____________
.035 .036 .042 .019
.6
.5
5
.9
.5
45 21 19
Liver______________________
.021 .025 .019 .013
.4
.6
.7
.5
3
25 14
8
Other meat products________
1.1
.6 1.2 2.6
.046 .027 .047 .110
14
5
4
Poultry: Chicken, broiling____
5
2.5 1.0 2.7 7.2
12
.090 .041 .102 .243
7
9
roast_______
28
.054 .034 .057 . 122
1.2
.7 1.5 2.8
5
6
stew_______
17
6
2.2 2.2 1.6 3.4
3
.067 .066 .047 . 106
Turkey_____________
11
5
3
.2
.4
1
.3
.2
O ther............... ...........
.011 .006 .017 .018
4
1
2
3.7 3.0 4.4 5.1
.190 . 161 .232 .211
Fish and other sea food, total_
_
. 132 . 109 .165 . 151
2.7 2.1 3.3 3.7
Fish: Fresh________________
16
99 45 38
.6
12
.7
.7 1.0
52 24 16
.040 .036 .046 .043
Canned_________ _____
1
.1
.1
.1
.2
2
2
.008 .010 .004 .006
5
Cured________________
.1
.2
.3
4
5
2
.009 .005 .015 .011
11
Oysters____________________
.2
1
1
. 1 (8)
2
0
Other sea food______________
0
.001 .001 .002
0 (8)
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
6 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
252
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e , M e.—Con.
Vegetables and fruits, total 4_ ___
Potatoes________ ____ ____
Sweetpotatoes, yam s----------Dried legumes and nuts, total
Dried "corn-------------------Beans: D ry ___ _____
Canned, dried-__ ___ .
Baked, not canned___
Peas: Black-eyed-----------Other________ ___ _
Nuts: Shelled_______________
In shell________ ____
Peanut butter______ __
Other dried legumes and nuts.
Tomatoes: Fresh____ ___ _
Canned_ ________
_
J u ice.. ______ __
Sauce, p a s t e . . . ____
Green and leafy vegetables, total
Brussels sprouts_____ ______
Cabbage_______
__
Sauerkraut____ _ _ ____Collards_____ __
______
Kale_______________
Lettuce______ ____________
Spinach: Fresh ---- ----Canned__
__ _ _
Other leafy vegetables_____ _
Asparagus: F r e s h ___ __ _ _
Canned __ ___ __
Lima beans: Fresh_______ _
Canned_____
Beans, snap (string): Fresh.
Canned _
B roccoli___________________
Peas: Fresh _______________
Canned_____
___
___
Peppers __________
Okra ________ ____________
Yellow vegetables, total ___ _
Carrots____________________
Winter squash and pum pkin. .
Other vegetables, to ta l 4 ____
Beets: Fresh________________
Canned___
___
__
Cauliflower______________ _
--------------------Celery ---Corn: On ear. _____________
Canned. _______ __
Cucumber ________________
E ggplant -------------------------Onions: Mature ------------Spring ___________
Parsnips ______ _ _____
Summer squash
__ __
W hite turnips_______ _____
Yellow turnips, rutabaga____
Other vegetables ___________
Pickles and olives. _ ___ _ _
Citrus fruits, to ta l.. _ __ ___ _
Lemons_________ ________
Oranges ___________________
Grapefruit: Fresh___________
Canned ________
Av. quantity purchased
Families using in
Av. expenditure per
per person 1 in 1 wk,
1 wk.
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
spending per
All lies spending
per expenditure
All
All
expenditure
fami per expend, fami
unit per year
fami unit per year
lies unit per year
lies U n
lies U n
Un $400 $600
$400 $600
$400 $600
and
der to and
der
to
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
331 146 114
56 22 20
0
125
26
0
9
6
17
16
37
36
121
25
20
20
152
97
1
3
231
54
23
6
0
7
6
24
19
72
13
11
127
29
0
0
66
15
0
3
4
7
4
15
14
56
5
10
0
68
45
1
2
87
24
7
3
0
4
2
7
3
32
5
3
49
14
0
193
4
82
23
41
31
162
20
1
13
5
72
0
0
111 47
2
0
8
6
210 103
8
4
8
2
2
2
15
6
22
7
15
6
86
248
65
9
29
97
16
4
0
35
6
0
Lb.
N o.
71
14
0
24
5
14
0
1
0
6
6
8
10
12
5
2
4
6
42
11
7
12
49
35
0
1
85
18
10
2
0
11
23
9
3
8
35
17
0
0
59
12
6
1
0
2
1
.141
.204
0
.118
.035
.014
.008
.017
0
.001
.004
. 129
.071
.021
.003
0
3
55
7
5
23
0
8
0
.015
. 103
69
42
2
2
6
1
5
5
5
16
16
51
39
38
26
70
37
0
1
1
2
4
0
.087
. 198
. 234
0
.093
.006
.004
.014
0
.014
.013
.046
.009
.019
.022
0
0
.020
.001 0
0
.005
. 106
.055
.016
.006 0
.151 . 172
.087 .098
.027 .027
.006 .003
.003
.013 .010
.008 0
.031 .028
.041 .022
.077 .067
.007 .047
.014 .037
.146 .114
.014 .015
.002
0
0
.002
.008
.007
.060
.019
.009
.078
.025
.020
0
0
.203 . 147
.197 .147
.006 0
.710 .641
.024 .017
.035 .031
.029 .008
.152 .124
0
. 251
.231
0
0
.317
.317
.020 0
.732
.029
.051
.051
.146
.927
.037
.017
.062
.265
0
.8
.3
0
.1
(3)
.4
.2
.3
0
.4
1.1
.3
.1
8.4
.3
.9
.8
(3)
(3)
2.3
.6
.2
.1
0
.1
.1
.2
.2
.6
.2
.2
1.3
.3
0
.9
.3
0
(3)
.3
.9
.3
1.5
.1
.1
0
(3)
(3)
.1
.1
.5
.2
.1
.9
.3
0
(3)
5.4
0
.1
.9
.9
4.4
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
.012
.009 ' 0
0
.009 .017 .033
.023 .054 .072
.004 .029 .009
1. 389
.093
1. 073
. 219
3 .004
.940 1.705 2. 421
.055 . 132 . 161
.789 1. 279 1. 711
.093 .290 .539
.003 .004 .010
7.5
2
2
0
23
56
18
2
0
.104
.001
.006
.258
.014
.016
.005
.015
.039
0
.094
.001
.010
.277
.024
.010
0
0
.108
.003
. 136
.219
(5)
.024
.264
.004
.027
C t.
.1
1.0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.8
5.5
1.1
.1
0
.6
.1
0
.7
.5
0
0
0
1.2
.2
.3
0
1.2
1.3
.6
.1
6.4 10. 3 11.8
0
.4
.9
.8
.9 1.4
.7 1.0
.8
0
0
(3)
. 1 (3)
0
1.9 2.8 3.3
.5
.7
.8
.2
.3
.4
. 1 (3)
(3)
0
1. 2
1.2
.3
.4
1.4
0
.6
.2
0
.1
(3)
.4
.3
.4
(3)
1
1
C t.
.1
.2
.1
.2
0
0
1.1
0
34
95
31
2
.141
.034
.141
. 175
0
a .
.001
.001 0
10
11
7
. 125
.209
0
a .
40.5 30. 7 47.0 63.1
3.9 3.9 3.7 3.9
.6
.5
.7 1.0
2.1 1.8 2.0 2. 9
.1
.2
.1
1.1
0
1.0
4
4
5
Lb.
.028 .016 .030 .067
. 128 .099 . 171 . 152
.031 .012 .061 .043
.014 .010 .008 .042
.935 . 786 1. 059 1. 235
.019 0
.039 .048
.292 .275 .253 .427
. 123 . 115 .139 . 120
4
5
16
11
24
Lb.
.021 .067
0
0
0
0
.007 .004 .014 0
.005 .006 .004 0
.007
.004
.018
.019
.066
3
13
Lb.
8. 004 7.030 8. 359 10.947
2. 650 2.790 2.407 2. 606
.1
1.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.3
4.7
.4
3.8
.5
(3)
0
.1
.1
0
.2
0
.8
.1
.2
.7
.5
.5
1.5
.3
.3
.4
1.9
.2
0
1. 5
1.4
.1
6.2
.2
.4
.7
1.5
0
1.2
(3)
(3)
.9
(3)
.1
0
.1
.2
.3
.2
0
1 9
1.9
0
7. 9
.2
.2
.8
2.6
0
1.6
.1
0
1.0
.1
.1
0
.3
.2
.6
.1
.6
.1
.3
.3
9.2 13.4
1.0 1.5
6.7 9.0
1.4 2.6
i
The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals durin g
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
6 Less than 0.0005 ound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAE SUMMARY
T a b l e 7 . — Food
253
used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Other fruits, total----------------Apples: Fresh________________
Canned______________
Apricots: Fresh----------------Canned_____________
Bananas_____________________
Berries: Fresh________________
Canned______________
Cherries: Fresh_______________
Canned_____________
Grapes: Fresh________________
Canned______________
Peaches: Fresh_______________
Canned_____________
Pears: Fresh_________________
Canned________________
Pineapple: Fresh_____________
Canned___________
M elons______________________
Plums: Fresh------------------Canned_______________
Other fruit---------------------Cider________________________
Grape juice__________________
Other fruit juices_____________
Dried: Apricots----------------Peaches_______________
Prunes________________
Raisins________________
D ates_________________
Figs--------------------Other_________________
Sugars and sweets, total_________
Sugars: W hite________________
Brown_______________
Other sweets: Candy----------Jellies__________
Molasses, sirups, _
Other sweets____
Miscellaneous, total_____________
Gelatine_____________________
Packaged dessert mixtures_____
Tea----------------------------Coffee_______________________
Cocoa_______________________
Chocolate—. _________________
Vinegar___, __________________
S a lt- ________________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
Spices and extracts____________
Catsups, sauces_______________
Tomato soup_________________
Other soups__________________
Cod-liver oil_________________
Proprietary foods_____________
Other foods__________________
Soft drinks consumed at home. __
Other drinks consumed at home,
Sales tax on food________________
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 wk.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in lwk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
per expend,
expenditure
unit per year
All
All unit per year
All unit per year
fami
famifami
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un- $400 $600
der
to
and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
233 101
0
1
2
85
3
5
1
14
17
0
2
60
7
18
2
51
0
0
5
16
2
6
5
19
9
101
43
6
8
3
0
1
0
43
1
4
0
2
6
0
1
17
1
6
0
10
0
0
1
11
0
3
1
N o.
83
0
0
0
19
1
1
0
5
5
0
0
Lb.
49
0
0
2
23
1
0
1
7
6
0
1
.023
.015
0
.009 0
.199
.006
.003 0
0
0
0
.007 .012 0
0
0
.017
.027
0
.046
.018
.077
0
0
3
1
0
1
0
6
2
2
0
0
1
4
2
2
4
9
3
22
3
4
2
1
1
2
1
1
7
18
18
46
73
15
2
0
39
19
17
14
29
7
6
8
13
13
5
7
72
16
13
18
7
10
8
2
5
5
.011 .003 .019
0
.002 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.004 .001 .009
.037 .053 .007
0
.004 0
.025
.046
.108
.042
.026
.013
.092
0
0
.007
.036
.027
.002 0
0
0
.026
.004 0
.010 .003 .008 .038
.006 .006 .001 .017
.088 .055 . 182 . 100
.030 .021 .042 .040
.006 .005 .006 .011
.003 .002 .002 .005
.005
.002 .002 0
1.158 1 . 220 .968 1.293
.001
.985 1.096
.036 .027
.053 .037
.040 .032
.044 .028
0
0
.767
.039
.047
.055
.060
0
.027
.017
.032
.323
.014
.024
.018
.031
.308
.014
.028
.273
.004
.005 0
.020
.089
.044
.019
.014
.008
.028
.057
.020
.022
.073
.044
.014
.011
.006
.020
.023
.100
.040
.020
.021
.013
.030
. 106
C t.
9.5
3.9
0
0
(3
)
1,3
.1
(3)
0
0
17
12
2
8
.003
.001
24
49
6
.217
.003
.012
.013
.385
.061
.074
.017
0
Lb.
0
0
.029
.005
74 31 25
61 19 24
181 74 61
329 146 110
62 33 14
34
40'
35
13
18i
20'
.237
0
0
0
.054
.014
12
20
86
0
0
0
0
.002 0
15
3
5
4
4
30
24
6
Lb.
28
3
7
326 141 113
42 15 15
69 27 22
88 44 28
56 29 14
8
Lb.
1.571 1.255 1.619 2.705
.956 .802 .923 1.582
.999
.059
. 122
.042
.071
0
.033
.039
.039
.406
.024
.007
.125
.050
.032
.014
.009
.051
.088
0
.1
.2
0
.1
.6
.1
.1
(3
)
C t.
0
0
0
1.1
(3)
(3
)
0
0
.1
0
.1
.3
(3
)
.1
0
.2
0
0
.6
0
0
.1
.2
(3
)
.3
(3
)
(3
)
(3
)
.1
.2
.1
1.1
.4
.1
.1
0
0
.1
.1
.6
.3
.1
.1
(3
)
(3
)
8.4 7.9
5.4 5.9
.2
.2
.9
1.6
.5
.6
.4
.6
0
C t.
Ct.
6.7 10.9 17.1
3 .2
3.9 6.6
0
0
0
0
1.2
.1
.1
0
.1
0
0
.2
0
0
0
0
2.3
.2
0
0
.3
.3
.9
.2
.3
0
.9
0
0
.1
(3
)
0
0
0
.2
(3
)
2.0
.5
1.2
.2
.3
.1
1.2
0
0
.1
.4
.2
0
.4
.6
.2
.4
1.3
.5
4.3
.3
1.5
.9
5.6
.4
4.1
.1
.1
0
.1
.1
.1
7.8 11.6
.8
0
.6
.9
0
19.1 15.9 20.5 26.6
.5
.8
.7
.6
.4 1.1
.5
.3
1.7 1.5 1.9 1.9
7.8 6.7 8.3 10.9
.4
.4
.4
.3
.1
.3
.4
.7
.3
.7
1.0
.6
1.7
.9
.3
.3
.8
.1
.3
.4
.6
.4
.5
.8
.5
1.3
.8
.3
.2!
.3
0
.3
.3
.2
.2
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.7
1.1
.3
1.2
.6
1.8
.8
1.4
.6
2.7
1.6
1.6
.4
.3
1.1
.4
.5
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
254
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—N EGRO FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami
lies
Item
$600 and
over
Under $400 $400 to $600
97
3.12
2. 75
Number of families surveyed in winter quarter---------Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons 1 per family in 1 wk_
Av. no. of food expenditure u n its 2 per family in 1 w k---
All
families
Total
__________________
Grain products, total
___ _
Bread and other baked goods,
t o t a l________ - __ _
Bread: W hite — __ ---Grahrm, whole wheat
R ye----------------Crackers..
. - Plain rolls__
. - - ...
Sweet rolls--- . . . . . .
Cookies.. --------- -----... - C akes... --- -Pies---- -----------------Other
__
. ______
Ready-to-eat cereals.------- -Flour and other cereals, total.
---- -Flour: W hite
.
Graham ________ _
Other___ ______ _
Corn meal. .
_ -------- -H o m in y ._ _ ______ _ ..
Cornstarch___ _______
Rice. . . . . .
--Rolled o a ts.. . . ---------Wheat cereal____
. ...
Tapioca__________________
Sago___
.
. . ---Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles
Other grain products---- _
Eggs-----------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled___
loose. ___
skimm ed_____ _
buttermilk a n d
other_
_
____
Skimmed, dried ______
Evaporated and condensed.
Cheese: American.. ------Cottage.
. . . _____
Other..
...
. .
Ice cream__________ _____
N o.
Economic
level—Fam i
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
1
N o. N o.
12
7
22
4
7
7
12
5
40
6
6
10
1
3
6
5
2
31
4
1
9
2
3
1
6
2
18
8
7
83
46
26
0
1
45
16
5
65
31
10
1
0
0
0
19
8
1
33
17
8
1
0
0
1
21
6
2
25
13
1
0
0
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
All
fami
lies
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
1.908 1.768 2. 231 1.921
1.520 1.426 1.838 1.242
. 159 .136 .082 .554
.042 .044 .051 0
.067 .056 .099 .047
3
.021 .022 .017 .021
1
.021 .017 .033 .014
1
0
.028 .038 .013 0
.032 .019 .067 .019
1
1
.009 .003 .013 .042
.009 .007 .018 0
.054 .045 .079 .045
3
3.324 3. 559 2.904 2.951
11 2.428 2.820 1.626 2.080
11
2
0
0
0
5
2
2
7
1
1
0
0
6
0
0
0
.017 0
.260 .162
.065 .056
.009 .003
.294 .264
.101
.028
.100
.033
0
0
.064 0
.458 .356
.096 .039
.019 .021
.390 .215
.122 .047
.026 0
38
18
14
95
48
34
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.122 .121 .103 . 193
0
0
0
0
.685 .543 .872 1.121
73
33
30
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
5
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
9
67
36
38
17
7
4
0
1
20
0
1
12
0
0
22
16
0
1
6
1.96
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
5.286 5.372 5.214 4.917
82
13
2.10
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e a nd P u rch a sed
f o r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
35
2.36
2.09
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
49
3.94
3.42
7
3
0
2
2
2.938 2. 550 3. 827 2. 984
2.139 1.794 3.025 1.902
.271
.369
.076
.004
.015
.064
0
0
.232
0
0
0
.259
0
0
0
.585
0
.369 .375 .351
.066 .106 .052
0
.005 0
.016 .006 .034
.068 .056 .060
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
a .
C t.
C t.
C t.
237.4 193.7 302.9 361. 3
35.0 33. 6 38. 8 34. 4
17.0 15.4 20.7 17.2
9.9
4.4
.3
.4 0
.3
12.2 11.4 14.8
1.3 1.1
.7
1.1
.3
.3
.4
.8
.2
.1
.7
17.3
10.8
0
.1
1.2
.7
.1
1.9
1.0
.5
0
0
1.0
0
.8
.3
.2
.5
1.8
1.1
.1
1.6
0
.3
.5
.3
.3
.4
.6
.3
.1
.8
.1
.2 0
.6 1.1
.6
17 6 17 0 16 6
12.2 7.9 io!3
0
0
0
.5 0
0
.8 2.1 1.7
.4
.6
.9
.1
.2
.3
1.5 2.6 1.9
1 .1
1.0
.2
.5
.6 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.8 1.1
1.9
0
0
0
11.0 18.5 24.2
14.2
18.8 16. 7 23 9 18. 3
10.8 9.1 15.2 9.7
0
0
.9
0
3.0
1.9
.1
.4
1.7
0
0
.7
0
3.0
1.5
.1
.4
1.9
0
0
1.1
0
3.0
2.9
0
.3
1.4
0
0
1.5
0
2.8
1.7
0
.8
1.8
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the num
ber of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals dur
ing the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was
counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456,
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
255
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—NEGRO FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
All
fami
lies
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
All
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c — Con.
Fats, t o t a l _________ - - _______
B u tte r _________ . . _______
Cream_______________________
Other table fats________ _
Lard----- ---------------------Vegetable shortening________
Table or cooking oils____ . ..
Mayonnaise, other sal. dress__
Bacon, smoked _. . _. _ ----Salt side of pork_ _ ... .
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, total
_____ ._
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sirloin
top round _. __ _.
other _
Roast, rib ---- -----chuck___ ____ _
other. --------Boiling, chuck . . .
plate________
other____ _
Canned __ . ________ _____ _
Corned _ ______ ..
_
Dried..
_ ----------------Other_______ . . . _______ Veal: Fresh, steak, chops. ._ ..
roast----------- ..
stew ._
. . .
Lamb: Fresh, chops. . . . . . .
roast.
_
ste w .. . . . .
Pork: Fresh, chops________. . .
loin roast_
_
other. _ _____ _
Smoked ham, slices. . . ._
half or whole
picnic___
Pork sausage__________
Other pork___ _ _____
Miscellaneous meats, t o t a l . ___ _
Other fresh meat____ . . . . ..
Bologna, frankfurters _ ._ . . . .
Cooked: Ham . ________ ._ .
Tongue
.. . . . . . . _
Liver___ . . . - ---Other meat products
------Poultry: Chicken, broiling______
roast . . .
s te w ...______
Turkey__ . . . . . .
Other______________ ._
Fish and other sea food, total
Fish: Fresh__________________
Canned.._ _____. . . .
Cured. ...
Oysters . ___________ . . . . . .
Other sea food______. . . _______
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
AH unit per year
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
44
34
3
C t.
C t.
a .
C t.
91
48
30
3
44
60
39
23
29
16
26
15
7
7
6
8
2
16
14
14
9
6
1
14
4
2
8
0
2
22
8
6
2
1
6
3
6
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
11
2
0
6
0
17
5
3
5
39
8
10
8
8
3
46
13
2
28
11
0
9
4
18
3
5
4
2
2
20
4
1
0
1
1
5
5
3
2
0
5
1
3
0
0
1
0
3
2
1
4
3
1
15
4
4
3
5
1
19
7
1
8
17
7
3
15
3
9
1.585 1.319 1.898 2.491
.370 .283 .430 .764
.018 .007 .033 .052
2
0
.047 .074 0
0
13
.520 .418 .542 1.175
.007 0
.026 0
1
.003 .005 0
0
0
.114 .102 .130 .157
5
.298 .225 .493 .226
5
.208 .205 .244 .117
2
35.3 29.4 45.5 47.6
12.2 9.9 15.5 18.2
.5
.2 1 .1
1.4
.7 1.0 0
0
8.0 6.8 8.0 16.7
.5 0
.1 0
.1 0
0
(3)
1.9 1.6 2.3 2.8
8.0 6.0 13.0 6.8
3.9 3.8 5.1 1.7
3.016 2.227 4.220 4. 957
91
7
59.1 41.1 81.0 121.2
13
3
2
1
0
2
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
1
1
1
0
0
6
1
1
1
1
0
7
2
0
3
11
12
6
4
7
3
1
3
1
0
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
40
10
1
7
0
18
7
0
3
0
15
3
1
3
0
7
0
0
1
0
26
5
5
5
0
0
0
1
3
5
4
1
.097
.088
.078
.101
.071
.072
.073
.109
.045
.070
.014
. 109
.045
.044
.096
.060
.091
.045
.076
.027
.110
.122
.095
.117 0
.062 .275
.022 0
.039 .030
.044 0
.044 .052
.194 .155
.078 .053
.086 .053
.027 .022
.084 .044
.092 .091
.195 .154
.136 .058
.311 .280
.021 .016
.122
.037
0
.119
.012
.111
.036
0
.107
.010
.056 0
.170 .064
.159 .164
.117 .055
.050 .020
.340 .259
.276 .203
.043 .045
.001 0
.020 .011
0
0
0
.133 .130
.026 0
.083 .078
.022
0
0
0
0
0
0
.003
.001 0
0
0
0
.011 0
.241
.099
.058
.039
.087
.026
.058
. 161
.039
.252
. 118
.143
.028
.161
. 122
.267
.334
.397
.039
.138
.048
0
0
0
0
0
.354
.042
.042
.039
0
0
.291
.136
.155
.058
. 136
0
.273
.097
.266
0
.156
.013
0
.159 .078
.013 .019
. 116 .272
.332 .428
.150 .146
.055 .743
.090 . 146
.494 .452
.404 .410
.052 0
.005 0
.033 .042
0
0
2.3
1.9
1.4
1.7
1.0
.2
1.5
.5
.6
0
0
(3)
0
2.1
.9
.2
1.1
1.1
.7
4.1
1.5
1.2
.6
1.7
1.3
4.6
1.4
5.9
.3
2.4
1.2
0
1.7
.3
1.4
4.2
3.6
4.1
1.2
5.1
4.0
.7
(3)
.4
0
1.7
1.6
1.2
1.7
.6
.4
1.2
.5
.2
0
0
0
0
1.6
.5
0
.9
0
.9
3.0
1.0
1.0
.4
.9
1.3
3.8
.6
5.4
.2
2.3
1.4
0
1.3
.2
0
1.3
3.6
1.6
.5
3.7
2.8
.6
0
.3
0
2.2
2.3
1.7
2.1
1.3
0
1.8
.5
1.1
0
0
(3)
0
.9
1.7
.4
1.4
4.0
.5
5.9
2.7
2.0
.8
3.5
1.9
5.9
3.0
7.3
.7
2.8
1.1
0
2.5
6.8
2.8
1.8
0
3.4
0
2.5
0
1.2
0
0
0
0
9.5
1.5
.8
1.5
0
0
6.4
2.1
.9
1.2
2.7
0
6.3
1.8
4.6
0
2.1
.4
0
1.5
.6
.2
2.6 7.9
8.2 12.4
3.6 3.4
2.5 26.7
2.0 3.5
7.2 9. 5
5.4 8.8
.9 0
0
.1
.7
.8
0
0
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
256
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 7 . — Food
used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—NEGRO FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c .—Con.
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l 4 ____
P o ta to e s__________ - --------Sweetpotatoes, yams----------Dried legumes and nuts, total __
Dried corn_________ _____
Beans: D r y -----------------Canned, dried_______
Baked, not canned___
Peas: Black-eyed___________
Other-----------------Nuts: Shelled. ____________
In shell _ ___________
Peanut butter_____________
Other dried legumes and nuts
Tomatoes: Fresh_____________
Canned___________
Juice______________
Sauce, p a s te ______
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
Brussels sprouts. __ _____
Cabbage._ . ________ ____
Sauerkraut___ _
_______
Collards.. __ _ _ ________
Kale____ _________________
Lettuce
_ ______ . . . .
Spinach: F resh .. ________
Canned..
. __ . .
Other leafy vegetables _____
Asparagus: Fresh.. . . . ____
Canned... ______
Lima beans: Fresh______ __
___
Canned
Beans, snap (string): Fresh...
CannedBroccoli. _ _______________
Peas: Fresh_____________. . .
Canned__ _______ _ _
Peppers____ _ ._ _______
Okra_____ _ . . . ______ _
Yellow vegetables, total_ ____
_
Carrots. . _______________ _
Winter squash and pumpkin.
Other vegetables, to ta l 4_______
Beets: Fresh_______________
Canned___ _______
Cauliflower.__ _. _ ________
Celery____ ___________ _
Corn: On ear______________
C anned.. . . . _______
Cucumber__________________
Eggplant--------------------Onions: M ature____________
Spring_____________
Parsnips______ __ _______
Summer squash ___________
W hite tu rn ip s... _______ __
Yellow turnips, rutabaga____
Other vegetables...
. __ .
Pickles and olives___ _
Citrus fruits, total____________
Lemons________ __ __ __
Oranges_____ . . . . ___ __
Grapefruit: Fresh_ . . . _ _
_
Canned
... ...
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fam i
lies spending
All
All per expend.
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
84
49
0
52
6
0
21
4
5
9
7
8
31
2
4
9
9
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
0
22
0
32
4
16
9
9
3
5
4
4
17
2
11
1
0
1
i "'"6
43 22
15
7
15
8
14
5
35 19
24 13
4
1
3
1
0
0
2
1
11
10
2
N o.
29
18
46
0
0
1
0
7
3
2
3
6
14
6
6
5
12
7
2
2
0
0
0
1
2
3
3
2
3
1
0
7
2
1
4
4
4
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
4
20
2
1
12
1
1
0
25
4
12
10
0
3
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
0
3
13
9
3
5
4
28
14
24
14
71
38
0
0
1
1
0
0
5
9
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
4
4
1
0
2
6
4
4
3
2
10
0
7
0
1
27
0
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
4
Lb.
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
Families spending
spending per
per expenditure
All
expenditure
unit per year
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der
to
and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
8.611 7.815 9. 636 11.418 42.9 37.7 52.0 59. 7
2.375 2. 475 2.095 2. 511 3.5 3.5 3.4 4.0
.510 .339 .629 1.367 2.6 1.7 3.2 6.9
.580 .609 .558 .445 5.2 5.2 5.9 4.3
0
.336
.030
0
.133
.018
.015
.039
.009
0
.391
.037
0
.116
.016
.016
0
0
.260 .180
.025 0
0
0
.187 .099
.013 .039
.016 0
.049 .127
.008 0
.022
.011
0
0
0
0
.020 .011 .032 .048
.127 .125 .150
.014 0
.018
.008 .008 .011
1.576 1.498 1.602
.002 0
.650
.118
.148
.091
.063
.129
.036
.014
.682
.118
.154
.058
.059
.106
.035
.015
.014
.096
.047
.003
. 157
.123
.034
.819
.014
.008
.019
.103
.070
.031
.023
.016
.093
.051
.004
. 134
.108
.026
.695
0
.177
.016
. 141
.124
0
0
0
0
.013 0
.086 .146
.054 0
. 158
.158
.316
.122
0
0
0
0
0
0
.029 .087 0
.049 .122 0
.011 0
.097
.2
0
.2
1.1
0
.1
.9
.7
.2
.1
.1
.2
0
1.3
0
(3)
1.7
(3)
0
0
.2
0
0
.2
0
1.6
.1
0
0
1.0
2.3
.4
1.1
.2
0
.4
1.2
.1
1.5
.5
0
1.3
0
0
.4
.7
.8
.3 0
9.0 11.0 14.6
0
0
.4
1.5 2.4 3.0
.8
1.0
.5
1.0
1.1
.1
(3)
0
0
.1
0
.7
.3
.1
.4
.9
.339 .541 .607
0
0
(6)
.5
.1
.198
0
0
0
1.0
.1
.2
.2
.2
1.0
.133
0 0
0
.004
6
.418
0
(5)
0 0
0 0
.042
0
.065
0
1
.016
0
2.9
.3
.1
.1
1.0
5.5
0
0
.222 .068
0
0
.013 0
1.164
.075
.648
.439
(3)
.7
.3
1.163
.022 0
0
.011 .006 0
.014 .039 0
.143
0
0
.1
.194
.970
0
0
.130
.7
.529 .790 1.9
. 120 .117
.8
. 158 .078 1.0
.7
. 106 .284
.074 .063 1.2
.140 . 152 1.2
.097 .027
.4
.026 0
(3)
.121
.011
.001
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.007 .006 0
.039
.002 0
.006 0
.077
0
2.6
.2
0
1.1
.2
.2
.2
0
.2
.075 1.1
.1
.097
0
.1
1.982 10.0
.021 (3)
0
0
3
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
.4
.9
.7
.2
4.7
.2
.1
.2
.6
0
1.4
0
0
1.5
(3)
0
0
.2
.3
.2
. 2! .1
.5
.2
.8
1.1
.8
1.6
1.3
.9
.1
0
0
0
(3)
.4
.1
0
.1
1.0
.4
0
.8
.8
O
'
6.6
0
(3)
.3
1.2
0
1.1
0
.1
2.0
0
0
0
.4
.5
0
1.0
.8
.8
1.9
1.2
1.6
.4
0
0
0
.6
0
1.0
1.2
0
0
1.7
0
0
1.6
.8
.8
6 7
0
0
0
1.9
0
.8
0
0
2.2
0
0
0
0
0
.8
1.0
.817 1.706 1.984 5.8 4.2 8.5 10.4
.068 .053 .191
.6
.4
.8 1.5
.480 .875 1.145 3.2 2.6 4.2 5.1
3
.269 .778 .622 2.0 1.2 3.5 3.5
1
1
0
0
.002 0
0
.026 (3)
0
0
.3
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
19
43
31
7
24
14
7
13
14
5
6
257
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 7.—
F o o d used at hom e and purchased fo r c on su m p tion at hom e d uring 1 week
in w in ter quarter , by econ om ic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
level—Fami
Families spending
spending per
lies spending
per expenditure
expenditure
All
All per expend,
All
unit per year
fami unit per year
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Other fruits, total_______________
Apples: Fresh-----------------Canned....... ............. .
Apricots: Fresh_______________
Canned--------------Bananas__________________ —
Berries: Fresh-----------------Canned _____________
Cherries: Fresh_______________
Canned--------------Grapes: Fresh___ _____ _______
Canned______________
Peaches: Fresh_______________
Canned.
_________
Pears: Fresh------- _ ________
Canned____ ________
Pineapple: Fresh----- --------Canned___________
M elons______________________
Plums: Fresh------------------Canned_______________
Other fruit___________________
Cider___________________ ____
Grape juice--------------------Other fruit juices ------------Dried: Apricots _____________
Peaches_____________ _
Prunes-----------------Raisins....... .....................
D ates__________ _
Figs--------------------Other--- -- -----------Sugars and sweets, total _____ _
Sugars: W hite______ ______
Brown _____________
Other sweets: Candy_________
Jellies . ______
Molasses, sirups. _
Other sweets___
Miscellaneous, t o t a l. ___________
G elatine.________ _ . . . _____
Packaged dessert mixtures----Tea__________________________
Coffee_______________________
Cocoa------------------------Chocolate_____ ______________
Vinegar. ______________ ____ _
S a lt... _____________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
Spices and extracts. __________
Catsups, sauces______________
Tomato soup_________________
Other soups--------------------Cod-liver oil_________________
Proprietary foods_____________
Other foods__________________
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food_______________
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
N o.
N o. N o.
52
1
0
0
17
2
0
0
1
10
0
0
8
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
8
14
4
25
0
0
0
11
2
0
0
1
4
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
7
3
N o.
18
1
0
0
Lb.
9
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
2
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
5
1
0
2
0
0
1
94
49
23
27
33
33
3
12
2
8
13
4
18
2
12
3
9
7
2
0
4
1
1
2
0
11
18
1
38
82
25
3
6
11
12
1 0
22 1
2
41 30
1 1
2 1
1 2
U n $400
to
der
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
1.261 1.104 1.514 1. 623
.784 .715 .822 1.157
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.179
.003
.004
.082
.052
.016
0
0
0
.004
0
0
0
.004
.024
.078
.017
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
C t.
7.9
3.8
.175 .194 .155
.005 0
0
0
0
0
1.0
.1
0
0
.007 0
0
.077 .108 .039
(3)
.029
.079
.136
0
0
0
.004 .051 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 .0 16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.014 0
0
.011 .036 .078
.055
.023
0
0
0
0
0
.138
.058
.010 0
.005 0
.001 0
0
0
0
0
.013 .003 .041 0
.6
0
0
.4
0
0
0
.2
0
0
0
(3)
0
0
0
.1
.4
.9
.2
(3)
0
.2
1.786 1.601 1. 993 2.256
1.446 1.342 1.479 1.856
.037 .042 .013 .078
.071 .039 .144 .079
.070 .049 .124 .058
.160 . 126 .233 .185
.002 .003
.022 .019 .033 .012
.002 .003 0
0
.020 .021 .011 .039
.239 .204 .270 .396
.017 .023 .006 0
.004 0
.013 0
C t.
0
0
0
1.0
.1
0
0
.1
.5
0
0
.3
0
0
0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.7
.2
0
0
.1
8
8
2
1
0
9
4
0
5
3
2
0
1
3
4
3
4
0
6
5
2
1
0
1
0
4
3
.028
.017
.026
0
.031
.057
.024
.051
.027
.018
.010 .005
0
.022 .013
0
0
.005 0
0
.138 .350
.120 .011 .168 .744
.003
.069
0
0
0
1.1
0
0
0
0
.9
0
0
.6
0
0
0
.7
0
0
0
.2
0
0
0
.4
.6
1.5
.1
.1
0
.6
C t.
9.3
4.5
0
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
.4
0
0
1.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
1.1
0
0
0
0
13.0 11.5 15.7 16.1
8.0 7.5 8.4 10.3
.3
.1
.6
.3
1.8 1.4 2.6 2.1
1.2
.7 2.3 1.2
1.7 1.5 2.3 1.9
.1 0
0
(3)
19.1 12.7 27.5 39.8
.6 .5 1.0 .3
.1
.8
.1 0
.8 .5
7.3
.1
.1 0
.2
5.9
.4
4.8
.5
.4
.3
.7
.6
2.1 2.0
.8 .7
9
5
C t.
7.1 10.6
3.8 3.8
.4
.3
.2
.6
.4
.3
0
.4
.2
.3
.3
.3
4.0
.8
1.1 0
0
1.7
9.8
0
0
.5 1.1
.9 1.0
2.1 2.6
1.1 .4
.6 0
.4
.2
.8 .3
1.6 0
.8 0
0
0
3.0
3.1
6.6 19.3
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 466.
258
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level
P O R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami
lies
Item
$600 and
over
Under $400 $400 to $600
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Economic
level—Families spending
All per expend.
fami- unit per year
lies
T otal______ . _____________ Grain products, to ta l.. _____
Bread and other baked goods,
t o t a l . _______ -- ___
Bread: W hite_
_ _ _ .
Graham, whole
wheat- _________
R ye______________
Crackers--- ___ ________
Plain rolls.-- ________ __
Sweet rolls________ ___ ___
Cookies----- ---------- ----Cakes____________
___
Pies_______________
Other _ ________ _______
Ready-to-eat cereals.. ______
Flour and other cereals, total
Flour: W hite -------- -_
Graham ___ ______
Other_________
_
Corn meal.
_ _ _ ______
H om iny..___ _______
Cornstarch____ __________
Rice_______ _______ _
Rolled oats___ ___________
Wheat cereal______________
Tapioca__________________
S a g o __________ ______ .
Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products______
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total__
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled..
loose___
skimmed______
buttermilk and
other________
Skimmed, dried______
Evaporated and con
densed ___________
Cheese: American_____ ___
C o tta g e .___ _
_
Other____ ___ _
Icecream ____________ __ ___
N N N
o. o. o.
N o.
45
3.50
3.02
35
2.64
2. 31
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Epnnomip
Economic level—
Ia- aIu —Pamilioo
Families spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All
All
unit per year
fami unit per year
fami
lies
lies
Un- $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e a nd P u r ch a s ed
f o r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
62
5.23
4.32
142
4.04
3.42
Number of families surveyed in spring quarter_________
Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons1 per family in 1 wk__.
Av. no. of food expenditure u n its 2 per family in 1 wk_
_
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
4.067 3. 750 4. 257 4.857
123
54
40
17
14
83
4
4
36
5
3
26
7
36
36
18
9
67
83
22
6
10
2
3
14
0
2
6
2
11
29
7
7
21
10
2
1
13
5
7
14
4
27
23
17
38
27
18
1
1
5
0
0
0
7
0
13
19
47
25
9
27
60
36
13
127
59
40
28
133
56
44
33
0
0
0
0
7
1
2
2
0
2
2
12
10
5
0
0
0
0
14
10
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
78
51
5
22
2
41
23
17
11
4
7
2
3
3
4
5
6
5
3
0
11
0
234.2 181.6 263. 3 371. 7
37.3 31. 5 40.2 52. 7
2. 376 1.992 2. 655 3. 258
1.629 1.496 1.828 1.757
25. 9 20.4 29.0 41. 6
14.9 13.8 16.2 16.6
.099
.063
.205
.050
.012
.087
. 100
.035
.096
. 106
1.585
1.194
.003
.009
.034
0
.014
.036
.111
.036
.003
0
0
.021 0
0
.018
.032
.059
.026
.048 .013
.134 .093
.027 .054
.005 0
0
0
0
0
0
.112
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.011 .006 .027 0
0
0
0
0
14
12
1
4
0
.052 . 126 .217
.035 .073 . 145
. 171 .205 .322
.025 .048 . 146
.006 .019 .022
.081 .094 . 100
.032 . 122 .300
.005 .054 . 110
.089 .086 . 139
.093 . 119 . 128
1. 665 1.483 1.471
1.186 1.224 1.170
.006 0
0
.008 .017 0
.039 .013 .054
.145
0
.191
0
.069
.568 .454 .728 .698
4. 803 3.909 5. 767 6. 292
4.181 3. 318 5.032 5. 754
.496
.068
.004
.009
.034
.498
.059
.004
.006
.018
.604
.074
.005
.010
.306
.089
.005
.014
.124
.9
.6
2.8
.7
.2
.4
.4
2.1
.3
.1
1.4
1.1
9.4
4.9
(3)
1.4
1.7
9.4
4.6
(3)
(3)
2.0
.6
1.8
2.0
.1
.2
0
.2
.3
1.2
.7
.7
.1
.2
0
.2
.3
1.4
.5
1.2
.8
3.0
.5
.4
1.8
2.5
.9
1. 7
2.4
8.8
5.2
0
.3
.1
0
0
.1
.9
2.0
1.4
5.2
2.6
.4
1.9
6.2
1.9
3. 4
2.4
8. 7
5.4
0
0
.5
0
.2
.3
.6
.4
0
0
0
.1
0
2.1
0
1.2
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
.1
0
0
0
4.5
1.9
4.6
1.5
5.2
2.9
3.0
.5
.5
.1
0
1.7
1.3
0
12.4 9.9 15.2 16.6
32.0 25.9 37.2 44. 5
23.8 18.6 28.8 33.1
0
.1
0
.1
2.1
.1
.2
.4
.7
.5 4. 6
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure
units represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the
data apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
18
8
.015
1.2
.6
259
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 7.— Food used at home and 'purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
level—Fami
Families spending
spending per
lies spending
per expenditure
expenditure
All per expend,
All
unit per year
All unit per year
fami unit per year fami
fami
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
. . ___
Fats, total_________
Butter_______ ____ __________
C ream ______________________
Other table f a t s _________ _
Lard________ ________________
Vegetable shortening----------Table or cooking oils______ ._
Mayonnaise and other salad
dressing____________________
Bacon, sm oked,_ ____ _ _ __
Salt side of pork______________
Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
food, total_ ______ ________
_
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir
loin_________
top round.— __
other_____ ____
Roast, rib___________
chuck_________
other____ _____
Boiling, chuck_______
plate________
other________
Canned_____ ___________ _
Corned____________________
D ried --__________ _ _
Other______ * _____ ________
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops___ .
roast____________
stew— _______ _
Lamb: Fresh, chops__________
r o a s t .._______
s t e w . . ________
Pork: Fresh, chops. _ _______
loin roast_______
other___ ______
Smoked ham, slices_____
half or wholepicnic___
Pork sausage___________
Other pork____________
Miscellaneous meats, total _. _
Other fresh m eat____________
Bologna, frankfurters_______
Cooked: Ham ______________
Tongue____________
Liver. . . . _____ ______ _____
Other meat products_____ __
Poultry: Chicken, broiling____
roast . __ __
s t e w _____
Turkey_____________
Other________
Fish and other sea food, total. __
Fish: Fresh________ ______
Canned...
__ __ _
Cured. ________ ___
Oysters_______ __ _______
Other sea food______________
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
U n $400
to
der
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
0.979 0.810 1 . I ll 1.345
.414 .347 .488 .520
.039 .010 .037 .144
.071 .099 .057 0
0
.166 .163 .174 .162
15
9
.061 .037 .108 .065
1
.005 .001 .003 .022
123
33
19
84
29
4
50
5
15
43
7
42
9
4
26
13
31
19
56
42
49
24
15
18
17
17
14
9
1
10
23
2
.080
.074
.069
.063
.028
.062
.054
.105
.085
.183
.184
.065
2. 267 1. 836 2. 553 3. 379
33
13
69
17
32
20
10
2
8
0
17
4
14
2
0
7
6
8
2
8
1
2
0
10
2
7
1
0
2
4
3
2
10 • 0
14
6
6
1
32 10
15
3
15
12
3
5
2
0
69
8
0
12
2
2
2
3
0
1
90
28
9
4
5
0
6
6
1
1
1
8
4
23
8
1
0
4
0
5
1
5
0
0
3
1
1
3
7
2
14
4
1
6
4
1
1
0
0
0
40
19
4
12
8
14
7
3
2
1
3
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
38
13
4
30
22
7
0
4
8
.048 .097
.048 .033
.188 .263
.023 .236
. 105 .032
.018 0
.025 .055
1
1
2
0
0 0
2
.059 .062
1
.003 .003
2
.109 .087
.002 .002
1
0 0
0
.021 .015
2
1
.051 .068
.010 .014
0
.031 0
7
. 158 . 139
1
3
.010 .003
.084 .055
8
.116 .064
6
2
.024 0
0
10
2
0
1
0
0
2
1
0
1
2
0
.084
.061
.219
.141
.075
.014
.037
7
.047
. 122
.029
.010
.005
.229
.052
.110
0
.063
0
.166
0
0
.192
.157
.254
.390
.043
.022
.049
0
.043
.095
.087
.003
0
.024 .038
.035 .032
.006 0
.041 . 124
.212 . 130
.013 .027
.130 . 103
. 139 .260
.013 . 130
.044 .032
. 149 . 119
.028 .065
.006 .016
.018
.009
.003 0
.247 .237
.022
. 162
0
0
0
.184 .202 .171 . 146
.010 .008 .016 .011
0
0
0
0
0
.044 .005
.006 0
.011 .012 .016 0
.119
0
.019 0
.022 .015 .022 .043
.030
.005
.031
.006
0
0
.002 0
.462
.348
.058
.403
.315
.059
.015
.003
0
0
.493
.395
.054
.028
.003
.013
0
.011
.611
.382
.061
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
27. 7 22.0 31.4 41. 7
15.3 12.9 17.7 19.5
1.2
.3 1.1 4.6
1.4 1.9 1.3 0
2.6 2.5 2.6 2.9
1.1
.6 2.0 1.3
.2
.1
.2
1.1
2.0
2.6
1.5
1.4
3.6
1.5
4.6
1.3
1.0
1.2
6.6
1.1
52.6 38.6 61.7 86.0
2.8
2.0
5.4
3.2
1.7
.4
.9
0
1.2
.1
2.2
.1
0
.6
1.1
.2
1.5
1.3
4.1
.4
2.4
.4
.5
3.1
1.9
3.2
.4
1.4
.3
.7
.5
0
1.2
.1
.1
0
.9
3.5
0
2.5
2.9
.5
1.5
3.0
1.5
1.7
.2
.6
.3
.1
5.2
0
4.2
.3
0
.6
.1
.3
.6
.6
0
.1
7.9
5.6
1.2
2.7
.1
0
1.3
2.2
.4
.2
.1
5.5
0
4.7
.2
0
.5
.1
.3
0
.4
0
0
6.2
4.4
1.1
1.1
7.7
5.2
.5
0
1.4
0
1.5
0
0
0
.1
1.4
5.6
.3
4.2
3.0
.3
1.9
4.5
.6
.1
0
5.1
7.1
5.8
6.0
9.7
.9
.8
1.4
0
.5
.2
1.3
.1
0
1.2
.9
0
3.2
3.3
.5
3.2
7.1
2.9
1.4
3.1
1.3
.6
.4
4.3
0
0
0
.8
.1
.6
0
.6
0
0
0
3.7
.5
3.5
.5
.3
0
0
4.0
1.7
0
.5
8.5 12.6
6.4 8.1
1.3 1.5
.4
.5
.3
.1
.6
.2
.1
.032
.008
.114
.3
.3 1.9
4
.5
10
.028 .011
5
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
1
3
1
1
2
2
.020
.022
.4
260
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
Av. quantity purchased
Families using in
Av. expenditure per
1 wk.
per person 1 in 1 wk.
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All
All per expend,
All
unit per year
fami unit per year fami
fami unit per year
lies U n $400 $600 lies
lies U n
Un $400 $600
$400 $600
der
and
der to and
to
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
Con.
L b.
L b.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
8.103 6. 511 8.429 12. 491 45.1 32. 5 48.9 86.0
Vegetables and fruits, total 4_____
134 60 41
7.2 7.0 6.7 8.7
33 3.111 3.066 2.806 3. 831
Potatoes-----------------------.036 0
5
6
1
.2
Sweetpotatoes, yam s_______ ..
.025 . 184
0
.2
0
.8
.370 .388 .286 .451
Dried legumes and nuts, total
3.7 3. 6 2.4 5.0
0 0
0
Dried c o r n .---- ------- . . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.174 .211 .106 .157
51 31 12
8
Beans: D ry. ______________
1.3 1.6
.7 1.2
34 14
. 127 . 116 .100 .213
Canned, d r ie d ___ _
9
11
1.3 1.1 1.1 2.2
.005 .003 .013 0
Baked, not canned___
2
3
1
0
. 1 (3)
.2 0
2
.005 0
Peas: Black-eyed___________
1
1
0
.013 .011 (3)
.1
0
.1
2
4
2
.005 .006 .006 0
Other . . . __________
0
.1
.1
.1
0
Nuts: Shelled.
________ .
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
2
.004 .002 .004 .016
.1 (3)
In shell.
_________
1
.1
.4
32 16
8
8
.050 .050 .044 .054
Peanut butter. ___________
.8
.8
.1
1.1
0
Other dried legumes and nuts.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.038 .015 .025 . 141
Tomatoes: Fresh__________ _
13
4
5
.6
4
.2
.4 2.1
. 166 . 174 . 122 .180
Canned. _ _____
14
55 28 13
1.7 1.7 1.4 2.2
.034 .012 .033 . 114
4
.4
Juice. _ ______
2
5
11
.1
.5 1.0
.004 .006 0
5
4
1
.1
Sauce, paste . . . _
0
.005
.2 0
.3
.824 .553 .950 1.611
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
7.8 5.0 8. 7 17. 8
Brussels sprouts.
_ . . ...
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
.231 .218 .247 .249
Cabbage______ ______ . . .
38 20 11
7
.8
.8
.9
.8
2
.010 .006 .016 .015
Sauerkraut ______________
4
1
1
.1
.1
.1
.2
Collards______ . . . _______
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
K a le ________________ ____
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.053 .031 .063 .114
18
Lettuce____________________
47 12 17
1.0
.6 1.2 2.0
Spinach: Fresh. . . . ______
. 174 .081 .295 .292
38 11 16
1.2
11
.6 2.1 2.1
14
4
5
.034 .017 .033 .093
.4
Canned . . ______
.2
5
.4 1.4
.044 .005 .010 .238
Other leafy vegetables. .. ..
9
3
5
.2 (3)
1
. 1 1.3
.003 0
Asparagus: Fresh. . . .
1
1
0
0
.013 0
.1 0
0
(3)
.005 .004 .032 .015
Canned. ______
3
1
1
1
.1
.1
.1
.3
Lima beans: Fresh ______
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.007 .009 .008 0
Canned
3
2
1
0
.1
.1
.1 0
.019 .011 .022 .044
Beans, snap (string): Fresh.__
9
4
.2
2
3
.1
.3
.6
.011 .006 .012 .026
Canned.
36 12 11
13
1.1
.6 1.2 2.6
2
.016 0
Broccoli
_ ____
3
1
.006 .087
.1 0
0
.1
.7
Peas: Fresh
_ _ _ _ _ _ __
4
1
.023 0
.2 0
3
.024 . 100
0
. 1 1.2
Canned .. _ _ _ . . .
2.1
58 25 17
16
.183 . 155 . 155 .327
1.6 1.7 4.4
1
.011 • .010 .014 .011
Peppers. _________________
6
2
.2
3
.2
.2
.2
Okra
_
_
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Yellow vegetables, total
___
.313 . 259 .301 . 520
1.8 1. 5 1.9 2. 8
Carrots . . . . . . . _ _ ______
.280 .244 .282 .401
78 33 28
17
1.6 1.4 1.8 2.2
Winter squash and pumpkin.
8
2
3
3
.033 .015 .019 .119
.2
.1
.1
.6
Other vegetables, to ta l 4 ______
.823 . 656 . 580 1.129
5. 5 4.5 4.0 12. 2
Beets: Fresh_____ ____ _____
9
2
2
.018 .010 .025 .035
5
.1
.1
.1
.3
Canned_____________
2
9
4
3
.2
.2
.016 .014 .015 .024
.2
.2
C auliflow er_______________
1
1
.002 0
0
0
0
.011
0
0
.1
(3)
Celery____________________
25
5
13
.050 .031 .032 . 152
7
.7
.4
.4 2.4
Corn: On ear______ ______
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
.095 .084 .092 .137
Canned......... .................
37 16 11
10
1.0
.8
.9 1.6
2
.008 .003 .013 .020
Cucumber_________ ______
8
2
4
.2
.1
.3
.8
0
Eggplant. ________________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
82 39 23
.335 .341 .257 .444
20
1.5 1.5 1.2 2.2
Onions: Mature____________
2
.020 .003 .019 .081
Spring____ ____ ____
6
1
3
.1 (3)
.1
.5
3
1
1
.1
.i
Parsnips _ .
.016 .018 .006 .022
5
. 2 (3)
0
0
Summer squash. _________
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
.017 .025 0
.022
2
1
1
.1
.1 0
W hite turnips. ___________
0
.1
.122 . 120 .101 . 162
Yellow turnips, rutabaga.
9
.5
30 14
7
.5
.4
.9
. 124 .007 .020 .019
1
2
2
.2
.1
Other vegetables---- --------5
.2
.3
.8
.5
.2 2. 7
Pickles and olives___________
1.238 .603 1. 884 2. 367
7.6 3.5 11.7 15.5
Citrus fruits, total__ _________
.022 .010 .022 .065
14
4
.3
.1
4
6
.3 1.1
Lemons. __________________
.806 .510 1.125 1.300
89 29 35
25
5.0 2.9 7.6 8.3
Oranges. ______________ .
41
17
.383 .077 .721 .880
1.9
.4 3.7 4.3
6 18
Grapefruit: Fresh. --------1
1
4
.4
.1
6
.027 .006 .016 .122
Canned_________
.1
1.8
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456,
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —
261
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W HITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
All
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
to
der
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All unit per year
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
1.146 0.779 1. 417 1.958
8. 5 5.2 11 . 0 17. 6
Other fruits, total__________ ____
Apples: Fresh________________
40 19 10
11
.422 .373 .373 .672
1.7 1.5 1.5 2.9
2
1
Canned. . . _____ . . .
0
1
.003 .004 0
.005 (3)
0
.1
(3)
0
0
0
Apricots: Fresh. ___________
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned.
________
3
0
3 .006 0
.039
0
.1
.9
0
0
58 15 25
18
2.2 1.1 3.6 3.6
Bananas_____________________
.365 .191 .611 .554
4 10
25
Berries: F r e s h . . . _______ . . .
11
.054 .021 .071 . 138
.4 1.5 3,1
1.1
2
2
Canned __ __ _ _. __
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Cherries: F r e s h .._______ . . .
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Canned____ ________
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Grapes: F resh ... ______ . . .
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned. _ _____
...
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Peaches: Fresh_______________
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28 13
9
.084 .064 .111 .105
Canned_________ . _
6
.9 1.2 1.3
1.0
Pears: Fresh___________
...
1
1
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
3
5
5
.021 .007 .031 .054
.4 1.0
Canned.
_ _ ______
.3
.1
2
1
1
Pineapple: Fresh______. . . . .
0
.010 0
.011 .043
.1 0
.1
.3
19
5
8
6
.042 .022 .066 .072
Canned_____ . . . .
.6
.3 1.0 1.3
Melons_______. . . .
.. .
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Plums: Fresh___ . . . _______
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
Canned.
__________
0
0
.001 .002 0
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
2
.005 (3)
Other fruit______ ____ __ ..
1
0
1
.003 .003 0
.1
0
.1
0
C id e r _________ _____
_____
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.002 .003 0
Grape juice. _________________
0
0
0
.1
0
0
(3)
2
.087
Other fruit juices __________
3
0
1
.027 .023 0
.2
.2 0
.6
Dried: Apricots _________ ._
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Peaches______ _____ _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
9
7
.078 .046 .108 .141
.8
23
.3 1.2 1.9
Prunes______ ___ _ ..
12
7
2
.022 .020 .019 .032
.2
.2
.2
3
Raisins. . . . ___ _ ___
.3
2
.003 .011
3
0
1
.003 0
.1
0
.1
.2
D ates___ ___ ____ ____
2
0
2
.013 0
.2 0
.003 0
.1
Figs__________________
0
0
0
0
O ther.__ __ . . . ____
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.491 1. 282 1. 725 1. 825 10.4 9.0 11.3 15.3
Sugars and sweets, total ___....
128 58 42
28 1.286 1.105 1.509 1. 538
7.1 6.3 8.5 8.8
Sugars: White __________ . . .
1
4
.028 .006 .032 .097
.2 (3)
Brown. ________ __
6
11
.3
.7
Other sweets: Candy_________
37 18
8
11
.071 .065 .048 . 130
1.8 1.4 1.0 4.6
.034 .040 .020 .038
22 12
4
6
.7
.4 1.0
Jellies . . .
___
.6
5
.072 .066 . 116 .022
Molasses, syrups.
.2
31 16 10
.7
.6 1.1
Other sweets __
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16.7 12.2 17.4 28.9
Miscellaneous, total
. . ______
2
4
.006 .006 .003 .014
.2
.2
.5
9
3
.3
Gelatine___ ___________ ____
7
.028 .018 .028 .062
.7
.5
.7 1.4
Packaged dessert mixtures __ __
32 11 14
.070 .056 .080 .099
99 43 36
3.7 2.9 4.4 5.4
Tea_________________________
20
. 198 .171 .200 .292
4.9 4.0 5.0 7.9
119 53 36
Coffee. . . . __________ ____ _
30
.4
35 17
9
9
.040 .041 .024 .065
.6
.6
.9
Cocoa. ________________
.005 0
.2
7
1
5
1
.011 .011
.1 0
.3
Chocolate_____ ______________
.2
.2
.2
.2
Vinegar
...
.4
.4
.4
.5
Salt___
__ _______
.8
.8
.7 1.1
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
.1
.2
.2
.2
Spices and extracts. ._ ____
.5
.3
.6
.8
Catsups, sauces _ __________
12
. 055 .039 .038 .140
.9
.7
6
.6 2.2
Tomato soup. ______________
30 12
.032 .020 .039 .063
7
5
6
.5
.3
.7 1.0
18
Other soups. . . . . ____
4
4
.004 .007 0
0
2
.6 0
0
.3
Cod-liver o il._____ . . . . . . . . .
10
1
2 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
Proprietary foods_____ ______
.5
.2
.2 2.0
2
2
.020 .009 .017 .065
9
5
Other foods__________________
4
.2
.7 4.0
4
9
. 113 .028 .060 .504
1.0
17
Soft drinks consumed at horne..
. u75 .047 .171 .011
1.1
.1
2.1
.7
8
4
3
Other drinks consumed at home.
1
1
Sales tax on food_______
_____
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
262
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Table 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level— Continued
RO C H ESTER , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami-
Under $400 $400 to $600
Number of families surveyed in spring quarter_________
Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons 1 per family in 1 wk.
Av.no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 w k___
All
fami
lies
F o o d U se d at H o m e and P u rch a sed
f o r C o n s u m p ti o n at H o m e in 1
W eek
T otal_____
_______
___ ___
Grain products, total_________
Bread and other baked goods,
total. . _
_ .
Bread: W hite____ _______
Graham, whole wheat
R ye----------------Crackers_ _ _____ ____
_
Plain rolls . ________ ___
Sweet rolls________ ______
Cookies ____ _ __ ______
Cakes__________ ________
Pies_________
________
O th er__________________
Ready-to-eat cereals. _ ____
Flour and other cereals, total. _
Flour: White __ _ _ __ __
Graham... . __ __
Other. _ ___ ___
Com meal
_ _ _ _ ____
Hom iny . . . _ __ _____
Cornstarch . . . _________
R ice___ ________________
Rolled oats_____ ____ __
Wheat cereal . . . _ _ . . .
Tapioca. _ _ __ _________
Sago________ ____________
Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles..
Other grain products_____
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total __
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottledloose___
skimmed
buttermilk and
other________
Skimmed, d r ie d ...___
Evaporated and con
densed
Cheese: American.
C ottage... . _ __ __
Other.. ______ ___
Ice cream. . . .
N o.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o. N o.
53
3. 46
3. 02
N o.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
Lb.
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
41
7
37
52
45
13
13
18
19
66
20
18
97
37
43
13
4
3
4
22
22
1
12
0
21
10
24
2
12
6
0
0
52
10
15
31
10
11
6
0
8
0
12
11
1
4
2
0
6
51
53
19
3
24
17
4
3
21
12
80
33
28
19
137
43
52
42
128
39
50
0
0
22
12
0
0
1
3
4
0
69
69
27
38
19
0
13
3
0
3. 211 3. 678 2.993
2. 333 2.368 1.656
.155 . 135 .199
.261 .331 .327
.141 .218 . 154
.026 .070 .086
.113 .080 . 145
.041 .114 . 122
.085 .251 . 128
.042 .052 . 141
.014 .059 . 035
.069 .078 .173
1.913 1.405 1. 695
1.159 .916 .994
0
.010 0
.047
.037 .020 .045 .053
.022 .016 .029 .019
3. 336
2.195
.157
.302
15
22
.173
.056
10
13
.108
22
.086
13
. 156
10
.068
.035
28
.096
1. 676
17 1.032
39
14
15
3
6
0
.017
0
.314
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
23
29
28
14
13
18
18
13
0
0
0
6
2
0
1
1
8
6
.779
5. 337
39 4. 531
0
.025
2
.069
11
11
.099
.101
.010
.006
0
.491
0
C t.
34.7 29.4 39. 5 36. 5
17.5 17.7 19.6 13.9
1.4 1.4 1.2 2.1
2.4 2.0 2.5 3.1
2.5 1.7 3.3 2.6
1.1
.5 1.4 1.6
2.1
2.6
2.7
1.6
.8
2.2
.9
1.5
1.0
.5
1.9 1.2
10. 6 11.8
5.0
5.2
1.6
3.5
4.1
1.2
1.1
1.6
2.6
3.8
2.6
3.1
1.1
3.5
9.0 10. 3
4.6 5.1
.2
0
.6
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.1
0
.014
.1
0
0
0
.1
0
.1
0
.256
.133
. 176
.042
3.0
3.6
.7
2.9
3.6
4.4
.5
1.5
2.2
.090
.249
.195
.189
0
.021 .030
0
0
0
.1
.2
.2
0
.2
.5
.9
.3
3.0
4.5
0
.3
.3
.7
1.9
.2
.3
1.4
.3
.606 .873 .938 14.8 11.5 16.2 18.6
4. 547 5.605 6. 324 36.8 31.1 38.6 43. 5
3.952 4. 628 5.422 26.0 22.1 27.1 31.1
0
.067
0
.1 0
.4 0
0
.089 .159
.2 0
.2
.5
.013 0
.388
.131
.077
.047
.056
C t.
.1
0
.2
.6
.047
.094
.038
0
C t.
270.0 207.5 279.1 367.1
47.2 42.4 50.1 50.3
.2
0
.2
0
0
0
.017 .011 .020 .024
.018
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
0
.1
.2
0
.1
.6
.8
.2
.1
0
0
.078
.131
All
fam
ilies
C t.
5.108 5.193 5.161 4.861
132
28
40
77
43
2. 55
2.29
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
44
4.54
3.99
140
3. 52
3.10
$600 and
over
0
.383
.099
.038
.059
.016
.026
0
.472
.164
.060
.038
.061
0
.122
2.1
1.0
2.6
.4
2.9
.2
.8
3.9
1.5
1.6
2.6
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of
persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
263
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N . Y —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 week
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 week
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All per expend,
All
All
unit per year
fami unit per year fami
fami unit per year
lies
lies
lies
Item
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Fats, total_____________ ______
Butter_____________________
Cream______________________
Other table fats_______________
Lard_________________________
Vegetable shortening— -----Table or cooking o i l s . ------ Mayonnaise, other salad dressing
Bacon, smoked_____________
Salt side of pork---- --- -----Meat, poultry, fish and other sea
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sirlom
top round- ___
other______ ____
Roast, rib--- -- -----c h u c k ______ .
other __ _ -Boiling, chuck— ---plate- - - - - - o th e r ____ -.
___________
Canned—
Corned____________________
Dried______________________
Other______________________
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops______
roast___ _
stew________
Lamb: Fresh, chops----- --roast _________
stew ----------Pork: Fresh, chops_______ ___
loin roast____
other____ _ _
Smoked ham, slices_____
half or whole
picnic- __.
Pork sausage_____ _
Other pork___
___
Miscellaneous meats, total
Other fresh meat____________
Bologna, frankfurters--___
Cooked: H am ________
___
Tongue_______ Liver__________
__ __ _ __
Other meat products____ _
Poultry: Chicken, broiling
_
roast_______
stew-------Turkey__________
_
Other_______________
Fish and other sea food, totalFish: Fresh_______________
Canned___ ________
Cured- ______ _ _
Oysters--- ----- ----- ----Other sea food___
___ _
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
66
38
28
86
53
7
49
31
42
22
13
11
9
4
14
2
8
2
0
27
13
9
30
7
5
35
7
17
8
11
3
20
2
0
65
15
2
23
11
10
9
38
5
52
10
2
3
28
18
9
33
19
4
14
20
9
22
11
24
6
15
23
14
6
10
3
2
1
2
10
0
3
0
0
6
7
2
4
1
1
5
3
4
1
5
1
5
1
0
22
1
0
4
3
3
3
13
9
7
3
4
1
2
0
3
2
0
9
5
4
13
4
1
14
1
7
5
4
1
10
1
0
23
10
1
10
6
1
2
3
8
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
48
45
15
13
7
21
11
4
3
1
1
17
3
3
0
42
9
a .
a .
a .
C t.
2
14
14
4
30
20
1
15
12
11
3
3
6
4
1
2
2
2
0
0
12
1
3
13
2
3
16
3
6
2
2
1
5
0
6
20
4
1
9
2
6
4
5
0
1
16
11
1
0
2
1.088 0.992 1.072 1.292
.484 .344 .497 .719
.031 .015 .038 .049
.050 .095 .024 .009
.096 .063 .134 .093
.052 .025 .090 .039
.144 .278 .072 .020
.130 .100 .118 .204
.091 .062 .087 .150
.010 .010 .012 .009
30.1 25.3 29.5 39 2
16.9 12.0 17.4 24! 8
1.0
.5 1.2 1.7
.8 1.6
.4
.2
1.7 1.0 2.4 1.6
1.0
.5 1.7
.8
2.8 5.4 1.2
.5
2.7 1.9 2.5 4.3
2.9 2.1 2.4 5.0
.3;
.3
.3
.3
2. 664 2.057 2.703 3. 698
132
24
16
64.1 45.3 64.7 96.4
.185 .140
.094 .067
.155 .110
.171 .165
.096 .049
.097 .049
.025 .005
.016 .022
.056 .103
.006 0
.012 .008
.002 0
0
0
.090
.058
.137
.110
.033
.075
.070
.023
. 116
.048
.076
.014
.136
.025
.047
.064
.060
.044
.005
.139
.028
.033
.243
.191
.010
0
.020
.026
.010
.022
.022
0
.149 .138
.018 .003
.003 0
.052 .026
.021 .024
.094 .075
.082 .063
.073 0
0
0
.010 0
.374
.216
.096
.046
.009
.0071
.186
.078
.267
.172
.159
.163
6.3
2.9
3.0
4.9
.255
.050
.016
.033
2.3
.5
.009
.004 0
.3
.200
.184
.145
.053
.031
.009
.018
.008
.101
.085
.099
.048
.077
.134
.009
.138
.011
0
.159
.079
.033
.159
.075
.047
.173
.087
. 122
.082
.025 .010
.171 .075
.036 0
.059 .054
.003
0
.249 .324
0
.124
.032
.006
.065
.022
.014
.052
.075
0
0
.2
.9
.012
.020
0
2.2
0
.211
.020
.003
.077
.013
.262
. 165
.204
0
.047
.386
.286
.075
.005
.342 .400
.184 .208
.079 .126
.066 .048
.006 .018 0
.020
.007 0
.1
.1
0
2.3
2.3
.6
2.0
1.6
.4
3.4
1.1
1.7
.5
3.1
.5
1.1
.2
4.4
2.1
1.6
5.1
1.1
1.2
.1
.2
1.6
0
.2
0
0
1.3
2.8
.3
.8
.2
.3
1.6
1.5
.6
.1
3.4
.6
7.0
.7
.3
4.8
3.9
3.4
0
.8
.1
1.5
.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
0
.2
5.8
3.4
1.5
.5
.2
.2
0
.1
0
.5
.8
1.8
1.6
0
0
0
5.0
2.5
1.4
.8
.2
.1
6.2 10.2
2.4
4.4
5.0
3.4
1.5
.6
.1
.3
.2
.4
.2
0
2.3
2.2
1.0
2.1
3.0
.2
4.1
.3
1.9
1.0
3.6
.7
1.4
.1
7.6
0
3.4
1.5
.2
1.7
.8
.5
1.2
1.7
0
0
5.1
3.1
1.3
.4
.3
0
5.0
3.3
4.4
1.9
5.8
.9
.2
.5
.2
.2
0
0
4.3
1.5
.8
4.2
1.6
.9
5.5
1.8
3.2
.4
1.6
0
1.3
0
9.8
0
5.5
1.0
.1
2.8
.4
7.8
4.4
5.6
0
1.2
7.9
5.3
2.0
.1
0
.5
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
53959 °— 39-
-18
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
264
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
R O C H ESTER , N. Y —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
Families using in
Av. quantity purchased
Av. expenditure per
1 wk.
per person 1 in 1 wk.
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic level—
Economic
Economic
Families spending
level-—Families
level—Families spending
per expenditure
spending per
All
unit per year
expenditure
All
All per expend.
fami unit per year
fami- unit per year fami
lies Un $400 $600 lies U n $400
lies Un- $400 $600
$600
and
der to and
der
der to and
to
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
a .
C t.
C t.
F o o d b s e d at H o m e , M e . —Con.
C t.
9.113 6.984 9.847 11. 717 48.7 31.5 51. 6 75.2
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l 4_____
132 42 49
2.996
41 3.033 2.574 3. 550
Potatoes_____________________
2.3 1.7 2.9 2.5
2
1
1
.018 .011 .030 .011
.2
Sweetpotatoes, yams _______
.1
.1
0
.1
.171 .209 .159 .121
Dried legumes and nuts, total.
1.9 2.3 1.7 2.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Dried corn_________________
0 0
0
0
0
26 12 10
.082 .112 .082 .029
4
.5
.8
Beans: D ry----- __ -------.6
.2
9
2
.030 .040 .024 .019
.2
Canned, dried . . . _.
5
2
.2
.3
.1
2
.002 0
0
.010 (3)
0
2
0
Baked, not canned___
0
.1
0
1
.002 .006 0
1
0
0
.1 0
0
Peas: Black-eyed---- ---0
(3)
4
2
2
.006 0
.1
Other
_ _______ _.
0
.006 .015
.1 0
.1
4
.019
1
0
3
.005 .002 0
.1 0
.2
Nuts: Shelled ___ ______ -.
1.0
2
.009
.004 .006 0
.2 0
1
0
1
In shell ____________
.2
.1
27 11 11
5
.040 .043 .047 .020
Peanut butter _____________
.9
.7
.8
.4
0
Other dried legumes and nuts
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
.084 .025 .104 . 156
4 11
.3 1.2 2.0
Tomatoes: Fresh. . . _________
11
1.0
74 30 24
.172 .231 .105 .174
C a n n e d __________
1.5 1.9 1.0 1.8
20
12
.029 .092
6
Juice. __ _________
6
.031 0
0
.3 0
.4
.8
Sauce, paste
8
4
1
.4 0
.008 .019 0
.006
3
.2
.1
Green and leafy vegetables, total
1.568 1.156 1. 585 2. 290 12. 6 8.1 12.4 21.1
Brussels sprouts---- -------0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
57 20 19
.385 .366 .324 .520
Cabbage----- --------- ---18
1.6 1.3 1.3 2.6
27 11 12
.114 .099 .164 .060
Sauerkraut ________ _____
4
.5
.6
.8
.4
Collards. _ _____ _ . . . . . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
1
.006 0
0
.027 (3)
0
0
1
.2
Kale-------. . . -------0
0
109 33 39
.286 .208 .268 .460
L e t tu c e .._____ _. . . . . ._
37
3.1 2.1 2.8 5.4
35 11 12
Spinach: Fresh_____________
.173 .116 .194 .240
12
1.3
.8 1.4 1.9
9
5
1
.025 .023 .039 .007
.2
.2
.4
Canned. ____ _ _
3
.1
5
Other leafy vegetables_______
1
.2
2
2
.006 .009 .002 .007
.1
.1
.1
Asparagus: Fresh. _. ______
30
. 189 .061 .218 .372
3 13
14
1.4
.2 1.4 3.5
Canned____ ____
4
2
.015 .018
0
2
.010 0
.1 0
.2
.3
0
0
0
Lima beans: Fresh --------0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
Canned___
2
.008 .007 0
1
0
1
.023
.1
.1 0
.2
Beans, snap (string): Fresh.
9
2
1
.029 .014 .017 .076
6
.1
.2
.3
.7
Canned.
21
5
8
.4
.057 .034 .066 .084
8
.6
.6
.9
Broccoli _ . . . . . . ________
5
2
.038 .066 .030 0
3
.5
.2 0
0
.3
11
Peas: Fresh _ . . . . . .
2
.044 .011 .020 . 146
1
.5
8
.1
.2 1.5
Canned ____ _
___
61 17 23
21
. 177 . 126 .200 .232
2.1 1.4 2.4 2.9
Peppers _________
13
7
.021 .016 .028 .018
3
.3
.2
3
.4
.4
Okra _ . __ ___ _ ._ . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Yellow vegetables, total_______
.362 .243 .440 .445
1 . 6 1.1 2.0 2. 2
75 21 30
C a rro ts.___ _ . . . . . . _ . . .
24
.355 .227 .440 .445
1.6 1.0 2.0 2.2
Winter squash and pumpkin. _
1
.007 .016 0
0
1
0
.1 0
0
0
(3)
Other vegetables, total 4_
.840 .696 .954 .910
7.1 4. 5 8.5 9.2
Beets: F r e s h ____
______
6
.026 .017 0
.084
2
0
4
.2
.1 0
.5
Canned________ _ __
24
.054 .039 .068 .060
.4
.3
.5
.4
8 10
6
Cauliflower __ . . . ___ ____
9
4
4
1
.028 .029 .035 .016
.4
.3
.2
.6
Celery. -------------------64 16 24
24
.152 .091 . 155 .257
1.6
.8 1.7 2.9
Corn: On ear_______ _____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
Canned.__ __ . . . . __
32
7 14
.080 .060 .081 .115
.9
.7
.9 1.2
11
. . .
Cucumber. _ _ ____
16
.029 .021 .032 .040
2
8
6
.4
.1
.5
.7
Eggplant--------------------1
.009 (3)
0
0
1
.002 0
0
.2
0
0
Onions: M ature____________
86 33 33
.296 .288 .357 .207
20
1.5 1.3 1.9 1.2
Spring_____________
14
1
9
4
.027 .002 .044 .042
.3 (3)
.5
.4
Parsnips.. _ _ ____________
6
1
4
.039 .016 .077 .019
1
.1
.1
.2
.1
Summer squash _____
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
White turnips____ _ ______
4
.042
2
.027 .044 0
.1
0
2
.2 0
.1
Yellow turnips, rutabaga.
.042 .077 .026 .005
2
6
3
1
.1
.1 (3)
.2
Other vegetables____ _______
7
3
.038 .012 .079 .014
3
1
.3
.2
.5
.2
Pickles and olives __________
.8
.2 1.1
1.1
Citrus fruits, total:
1.196 .742 1.254 1.919
9.2 5.5 9.7 15.1
Lemons . ________ _______
46 11 18
.102 .055 .088 .208
17
1.0
.6
.9 1.8
Oranges ______________ . .
93 27 37
29
.719 .477 .751 1.105
5.9 3.7 6.2 9.2
.352 .210 .363 .591
Grapefruit: Fresh . _______
2.1 1.2 2.0 3.9
50 11 19
20
5
Canned
______
3
2
.023 0
.052 .015
0
.2 0
.6
.2
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. I fhe ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4
Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
TABULAR ST/MMARY
265
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
R O C H E ST ER , N. Y —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per year
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 wk.
All
fami
lies
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
unit per year
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
Other fruits, t o t a l._____ ___ _ _
1.630 1.074 1. 637 2. 597 10.7 5. 6 11 . 6 18. 2
Apples: Fresh --------------59 24 15
20
.640 .510 .516 1.087
2.5 1.9 2.3 4. 2
Canned--------------1
0
1
.003 0
.008 0
0
.1
0
0
(3)
0
Apricots: Fresh______________
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned____ . . .
1
0
.1 0
0
1
.003 0
0
.014
0
.2
24
.562 .430 .640 .669
2.9 2.0 3.4 3.6
B a n a n a s----------------------77 23 30
.4
Berries: Fresh _ ___________
24
5
7
12
1.1
.087 .020 .059 .219
.7 2.9
1
2
2
.002 0
0
.012 (3)
0
C a n n e d ______ _____
5
0
.2
Cherries: Fresh..
________ _
1
0
0
1
.001 0
0
0
.006 (3)
0
.1
Canned.. ________ _
4
8
4
0
.1 0
0
.003 .007 0
.3
0
Grapes: F r e s h __________ ____
2
0
0
2
.1
0
.006 0
0
. 030
0
.4
C anned.. __________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Peaches: Fresh_______________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
.052 .019 .038 .137
Canned_____________
3
.6
.2
.4 1.6
18
9
6
Pears: Fresh __ . . . . ____
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
.1 0
0
Canned _____________
6
4
.004 0
0
.018
8
.3
2
.2
.2 0
Pineapple: Fresh _______ _____
6
4
.028 .022 0
.086
0
.8
21
.1
Canned ________
1
11
.061 .006 .090 .112
.9
1.3 1.7
9
Melons _______ ________ ___
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
Plums: Fresh _ -------------0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned. ___________
4
2
0
0
0
1
1 0
0
0
0
0
Other fruit
. . ------1
0
.1 0
2
.018 0
1
0
.007 0
(3)
.1 0
Cider________________________
1
3
2
.010 0
0
.043
0
0
.3
1
Grape juice__________________
0
1
.005 (3)
0
.1
0
.001 0
0
0
.1
6
2
2
2
.2
.2
Other fruit ju ic e s __ __________
.019 .007 .018 .043
.6
.2 0
Dried: Apricots. ________
4
.026 .005
.6
1
.011 0
0
3
.1
P e a c h e s.____________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
.4 1.7
.9
Prunes ----------- -- .
.086 .036 . 154 .064
33
9 16
8
.7
.4
.1
.6
Raisins
.. _________
20
3 12
.039 .014 .061 .047
.4
5
.1
0
D ates. _ . . . ______
1
.003 0
3
2
.001 0
0
0
(3)
.1
1
.004 .003 .006 0
.1
Figs--------------------2
3
.1
0
0
0
0
0
O th e r ____
. . . ---0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
9.1 8.1 9. 7 9. 7
Sugars and sweets, total_________
1.318 1.188 1. 427 1. 368
Sugars: White . . . . . ____
5.6 5.2 5.8 6.0
137 43 - 51
43 1.090 1.028 1.128 1.138
.5
.5
Brown ._ _______ __
.5
.5
6
.077 .079 .076 .074
27 11 10
1.8 1.9 1.0 2.7
Other sweets: Candy ______
.068 .047 .058 . 124
5
6
17
6
.4
.5
.7
Jellies_________
22
.3
7
8
7
.023 .022 .028 .015
.1
.7
1.7
Molasses, sirups..
14
.2
3
8
3
.060 .012 . 137 .017
Other sweets _ _
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Miscellaneous, to ta l._ .. . . . _
.787 .455 .694 1.537 19.4 12.3 18.7 34.2
.002
.1
.0
.1 (3)
G e la tin e _______ ____ ______
2
1
1
.001 0
0
(5)
1.2
.7 1.3 2.1
Packaged dessert mixtures_____
53 15 18
.043 .026 .044 .071
20
T ea .._________ ______________
3.0 2.2 3.1 4.6
92 26 36
.047 .035 .047 .068
30
6.2 4.0 6.6 9.3
Coffee_______________________
130 40 51
39
.249 .160 .276 .364
.2
.3
.4
.4
Cocoa_______________________
28 15
6
7
.026 .028 .015 .038
.1
.1
.2
.1
Chocolate.......... ..........................
2
2
1
.004 .003 .003 .009
5
.4
.6
.3
Vinegar_ ____ _______ _______
.3
_
.6
.9
Salt_______________ ____ _____
.7
.7
.4 1.3
.8
Baking powder, yeast, soda____
.6
.4
.2
.3
.4
Spices and extracts _________
.4
.6
.7
Catsups, sauces_______________
.8
.5
.9
.7
.7
Tomato soup ________________
.067 .056 .082 .063
20
6
7
7
.5
.3
.9
.1
Other soups _________________
15
4 10
1
.045 .028 .080 .015
.4
.5
0
.004
1.0
Cod-liver o i l _________________
18
9
6
3
.001 .001 0
.7 1.7
.9
.6
Proprietary foods_____________
4
.018 .011 .019 .029
16
5
7
0
.1
0
.006 0
Other foods . . _______________
4
0
2
2
.002 0
(3)
.3
.4 2.0
.7
2
Soft drinks consumed at hom e..
2
10
.101 .058 .066 .236
6
.6
.6 9.3
2.5
Other drinks consumed at home
14
3
5
6
.183 .049 .056 .638
Sales tax on food... ____________
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0,05 cent.
«Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix. A, p. 456,
266
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , PA.—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami
lies
Item
$600 and
over
Under $400 $400 to $600
231
Families using in 1
week
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e and P u r ch a s ed
fo r C o n s u m p tio n at H o m e in 1
W eek
______ ___________ ____
Total
Grain products, total____ ___
Bread and other baked goods,
t o t a l____ ___ ______
Bread: W hite____ _ __ __
Graham,whole wheat.
R ye______________
Crackers.. _ __ _________
Plain rolls __ ___ _______
Sweet rolls_____ ____ ___
Cookies ____ __________
Cakes________ ____ _______
___ _
Pies__________
O th er _____ _ _________
Ready-tq*eat cereals___ _
Flour ana other cereals, total.
Flour: W hite _ __ __ __ __
Graham___
Other_____ _____ _
Corn meal. _ _______ _
Hom iny. _____
_______
Cornstarch___ _____ ___
R ic e ... _ _______ ______
Rolled oats_______________
Wheat cereal_______ ____
Tapioca___ ___ _______ _
Sago-----------------------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products______
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total. _
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled..
loose___
skimmed_____
buttermilk and
other_______
Skimmed, dried. _ __
Evaporated and con
densed. . . . ______ _
Cheese: American_________
Cottage____________
Other______________
Icecream .. _________ _____
N o. N o.
Lb.
N o.
95
41
6. 38
4. 38
3. 68
4.29
3. 81
5. 42
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per yr.
fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
96
5.20
4. 42
Number of families surveyed in winter q u a rter____ __
Av. no. of equivalent full-time persons 1 per family in
1 week
_
_____ _____ _____ ____ __
Av. no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 wk._
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
3.929 3.948 4.087 3. 504
198
15
46
76
15
18
70
61
32
79
3
19
27
5
4
83
10
17
37
6
36
2
10
12
4
7
18
9
7
39
28
13
10
74
30
34
10
138
70
49
19
5
4
0
10
2
1
22
20
0
0
1
8
0
1
0
12
93
55
25
16
43
26
14
3
35
117
47
49
217
186
0
0
0
0
0
20
7
9
92
76
77
33
0
0
0
0
2
0
123
106
56
40
3
49
46
3
19
39
6
15
9
4
4
87
1
0
8
0
1
1
0
2
0
4
0
15
0
21
0
0
0
11
10
3
2
38
0
0
2.061
1.563
.053
. 177
.072
.017
.014
.061
.054
.041
.009
.077
1. 791
1.425
0
1. 663 2. 520 2. 387
1.302 1.880 1.728
.023 .090 .072
. 165 . 191 . 188
.049 . 103 .082
.011 .018 .039
.008 .015 .029
.048 .088 .057
.032 .062 .110
.018 .058 .082
.007 .015 (5)
.070 .099 .051
2. 215 1.468 1.066
1.873 1.070 .691
0
.013 .015
.004 0
.001
.012
.100
.057
.021
.009
0
0
.010 .016
.005
.013
.002 0
0
.010 .017 .010
.102 .095
.101
.060
.022
.004
.054
.018
.055
.029
0
0
.011 .020
0
0
0
0
0
. 149
.438
. 128
.358
.181
.520
. 137
0
.523
2. 910 2. 454 3. 390 3. 377
2. 441 2.003 2.882 2. 935
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n - 1 $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
ct.
1.1
.8
.2
.1
.8
2.0
1.0
10.9 12. 7
1.6
9. 6
.3
.2
1.3
1.3
.3
.7
.3
.l
6.9
9.0
.6
1.2
0
.2
(3)
(3)
.2
.8
.6
.3
.1
0
1.8
0
10.8
C t.
0
.2
0
(3)
.2
.8
.6
.3
1.6
.3
.3
1.1
.4
.5
.5
1.4
2.7
1.3
.4
5.3
7. 9
3.5
1.4
.8
.8
0
0
0
.2
.8
.6
0
.1
(3)
.3
.4
.1
.1
.8
.5'
.4
.3
0
.2
0
2.1
0
0
1.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
2.8
1.8
.1
2.7
2.1
.2
1.5
.2
1.9
.3
.1
0
1.5
8.7 13.0 13.4
19. 5 15. 9 23.0 23. 8
13.0 10.5 15.5 15.7
.010
.007
.019
(8)
.3
o
18
.327
.085
.007
.032
.008
.348
.070
.005
.014
.007
.331
.093
.007
.049
.009
.244
.123
.013
.052
2.6
.010
C t.
20.9 15. 9 25. 6 25. 2
13.7 11.2 16.3 15.1
.2
.5
.8
.6
1.6 1.5 1-7 1.6
1
0
20
2
10
1 I
C t.
192.0 157. 7 228.8 233. 4
33.0 29. 6 36.8 33. 9
2.3
.1
1.0
.2
.1
.4
.4
2.6
.1
.4
3.2
.2
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
6 Less than 0.0005 pound.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456,
267
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, hy economic level— Continued
SC R A N TO N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in 1
week
Item
F o o d U se d at H o m e , E t c .—Con.
Fats, total__________ _____ _ __
Butter_______________________
Cream. ___ ______ _________ _
Other table fats___________ _
L a r d _____ ___ ______ _
___
Vegetable shortening_
_
_
Table or cooking oils
_ ____
Mayonnaise, other salad dressing.
Bacon, smoked____ . . . ____ .
Salt side of pork____ _
___
Meat, poultry, fish, and other sea
food, total_________________
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sirloin.. __ ___
top round_____
other_________
Roast, rib
_________
chuck. _____ _
o th e r ____. . .
Boiling, chuck______
plate________
other_____ __
Canned____ ____ _______ __
C o rn ed _____ _ _ ________
Dried___ _______ ________
Other___ _ _______ . . . .
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops______
roast ___________
stew ____
Lamb: Fresh, chops. . . . . . .
roast. ________ _
s te w ... ______
Pork: Fresh, c h o p s ._______
loin roast____ _
o th e r ___
__ __
Smoked ham, slices___
hal f or
whole_
_
picnic___
Pork sausage. _. ___ _
Other p o r k ______ _____
Miscellaneous meats, total____
Other fresh m eat________ . . .
Bologna, frankfurters._______
Cooked: H am _________ . . .
Tongue... ______ _
L iv e r .___
____________
Other meat produ cts______
Poultry: Chicken, broiling____
roast_ ____
_
stew_______
T u rk ey.. _________
Other___ _____ ____
Fish and other sea food, to ta l.. _
Fish: Fresh________________
Canned.................. ........
Cured________________
Oysters____________________
Other sea food____________
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 week
Economic
level —
Fami
lies spending
per expend,
All
All
fami unit per yr.
fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
Lb.
N o.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
96
92
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
151
28
16
60
70
56
15
20
2
100
5
93
66
32
43
42
5
58
5
13
1
1
7
0
34
15
11
38
11
22
105
37
15
24
11
1
53
2
2
6
0
11
7
14
35
3
30
28
17
16
19
3
28
4
4
1
0
2
0
10
8
7
12
3
9
42
18
9
8
3
0
16
0
0
10
1
6
29
49
1
45
29
11
17
17
2
23
1
6
0
1
5
0
15
3
3
18
5
11
48
15
2
10
4
1
21
1
2
0.860 0. 753 0.984 0. 944
.473 .412 .548 .509
.027 .025 .027 .036
1
0
.001 0
.007
25
.177 . 183 . 169 .177
2
.017 .012 .028 .007
3
.038 .038 .048 .014
17
.040 .020 .059 .065
16
.082 .058 . 102 . 116
1
.005 .005 .003 .013
24.4 20. 6 28.5 28.0
16.7 14.5 19.2 18.8
.7
.5
.8
.7
.1
0
0
(3)
2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7
.4
.6
.3
.1
.5
.7
.4
.6
.4 1.3 1.6
.9
2.3 1.5 3.1 3.3
.1
.1
.1
.3
1.983 1. 630 2.187 2. 531
228
47.1 37.4 56.9 59.3
40
4
18
9
4
10
6
0
7
0
3
0
0
0
0
9
4
1
8
1
0
9
3
4
3
6
1
0
0
0
1
0
98
41
44
17
38
18
1
5
1
4
0
1
0
3
1
3
0
.034
.036
.026
.036
.018
4
4
7
8
8
.021
0
.035
17
16
24
9
.050
.034
4
0
16
16
7
2
.003
0
6
44
10
.019
.001
.001
.035
.131
.099
.031
.028
2
15
4
4
50
10
0
.010
. 113 .219
.086 .016
.056 .043
.081 .117
.098 .118
.027 .015
.123 . 136
.017 .004
.006 .028
.003 0
0 .003
.001 .006
.052
.031
.043
.154
.092
.046
.037
3
no
29
12
1
.169
.096
.061
. 116
.105
.019
.123
1
1
10
2
0
0
16
6
0
1
1
.020
.002 0
.068 .040
.008 0
. 190 . 185
.002 0
. 145
.019
.001
. 149
0
.064
.019
.016
.070
.035
.065
.185
.096
.072
.048
.251
.078
.121
.239
.101
0
.091
0
.044
0
0
0
0
.074
.065
.013
.069
.059
.020
.159
.059
.039
.046
.033 . 103
.005 0
.070 . 163
.008 .035
.208 . 171
.005 0
.157 . 104
.017 .025
.020
.002 0
.008 .021
.002
.014
.009 .006
.071 .041
.084 .043
.042 .032
.008 0
.017
.008 .023
. 130 .039
.084 .232
.048 .066
.024 0
. 192
. 149
.035
. 146
.042
0
0
0
.184 .202 .194
0
.150
.032
.001 0
.001
.007 .002 .013
0
0
(5)
.155
.030
0
.007
.002
5.3
2.7
.9
2.8
2.2
.5
1.9
.1
.4
(3)
(3)
.1
0
1.5
.8
.4
1.5
.8
.6
4.0
2.3
.6
1.1
.8
(3)
1.8
.1
4.7
(3)
3.2
.7
(3)
.4
.4
1.7
2.3
.9
.3
3.4
2.3
1.1
2.0
2.1
.7
7.8
3.3
.9
3.0
2.5
.4
2.1 2.0
.1
.2
.1
.7
0
.1
0 (3)
.3
.1
0
0
.9
.8
. 5
.9
.5
.5
3.3
2.3
.6
.8
1.9
.4
.3
2.2
.9
1.0
5.0
2.5
.3
1.5
.4
.7
4.3
1.9
.1
5.1
.1
3.4
.7
0
1.1
0
0
3.3
.6
(3)
0
.2
.2
1.0
1.0
.6
0
0
4.0
3.0
.8
(3)
.2
(3)
.6
0
.1
0
3.7
3.0
.1
0
.5
.4
3.0
2.4
1.2
.7
0
4.7
3 .3
1.0
(3)
.4
0
6.3
2.4
.5
5.3
2.1
0
1.2
0
.8
0
0
0
0
2.3
2.1
.3
2.3
1.5
.3
4.1
1.8
.9
1.2
2.6
0
4.1
.3
4.5
0
2.2
1.1
.1
.5
.6
.8
6.6
1.3
0
0
3.7
2.7
.7
0
.2
.1
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the num
ber of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals dur
ing the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week.
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
268
T able
NORTH
A T L A N T IC R EG IO N
7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
Economic level—
level—Families
Families spending
spending per
per expenditure
All
expenditure
unit per year
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der
and
to
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
Food U sed at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o. N o. N o. N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
Ct.
7. 775 7.176 8. 518 8.082 36.1 28.4 42. 7 50. 9
Vegetables and fruits, to ta l 4______
208 92 80
36 3.088 3.310 3.148 2.082
3.7 3.6 4.0 3.1
Potatoes_______________ ______
11
2
6
3
.1
Sweetpotatoes, yam s----------.043 .009 .088 .057
.1
.2
.3
Dried legumes and nuts, total__
. 171 . 192 . 161 . 126
2.0 1. 9 2. 2 1. 9
0
0
0
0 0
0
Dried corn___________ ______
0
0
0
0
0
0
76 40 26
10
Beans: Dry ----------------1.0 1.0 1.0
.110 .129 .099 .069
.8
4
7
2
1
.1
Canned, dried _____
.014 .020 .006 .010
.2
.1 (3)
2
2
Baked, not canned___
0
0
.002 .004 0
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
1
9
3
5
.1
Peas: Black-eyed___________
007
.006 .006 .007
.1
.1
.1
4
8
2
2
.1
Other
______ ______
.009 .011 .006 .010
.1
.1
.1
1
7
4
2
.2
Nuts: Shelled______ ________
.2
.006 .004 .009 .007
.4
.3
4
l
2
1
1 (3)
In shell_________ _ _
.004 .002 .008 0
.2 0
32 12 14
6
.4
Peanut butter______________
.3
.4
.020 .016 .026 .023
.5
0
0
0
0
0
Other dried legumes and nuts.
0
0
0
15
i
6
8
.3
Tomatoes: Fresh_________ . . .
.1
.017 .004 .022 .052
.4
.8
1.4 1.5 1.3 1 . 2
Canned___________
14
101 49 38
.137 . 149 . 133 . 103
.1
6
3
Juice. ____________
3
0
.1
.1 0
.008 .010 . C07 0
11
4
4
.2
Sauce, paste_______
3
.1
.2
.009 .004 .011 .021
.3
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
8.0 6. 4 9.1 12. 8
.998 .921 1.033 1. 209
3
I
Brussels sprouts____________
2
C
.002 .002 0
.010 (3)
0
.2
(3)
1.5 1.5 1.4 1.8
144 69 51
24
Cabbage___ . -------------.439 .480 . 402 .388
.9
67 26 26
.7 1.0 1.4
Sauerkraut ____________ . .
15
. 1C9 .091 .111 . 170
.002 0
1
1
0
Collards________ ________ _
0
0
.001 0
C
(3)
(3)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
K ale... . . . ________________
0
0
L e ttu c e .____
________ _.
127 38 58
31
1.7 1.0 2.1 3.1
.088 .054 .110 . 156
32 10 14
Spinach: Fresh ------------.5
8
.074 .055 .086 . Ill
.4
.7
.8
17
9
.2
Canned___________
2
6
.3
.2
.023 .027 .018 .022
.2
Other leafy vegetables_____ _
3
2
1
.1
.1
.009 .017 .003 0
0
.1 0
Asparagus: Fresh___________
1
1
.004 0
0
0
0
.001 0
0
(3)
(3)
Canned_________
.5
30
.2
6 11
.5 1.5
13
.027 .013 .027 .077
Lima beans: Fresh _____ _
7
2
.1
.1
.1
3
2
.008 .006 .008 .015
.2
14
Canned____ _ .
.2
1
9
.1
4
.016 .003 .028 .037
.3
.4
Beans, snap (string): Fresh__
8
.1
4
2
2
.009 .009 .005 .019
.1
.1
.3
Canned _
.5
.4
40 17 16
7
.6
.048 .041 .055 .058
.7
Broccoli ..
________ . _
5
2
2
1
.1
.1
.009 .007 .010 .013
.1
.2
Peas: Fresh. __________ __
7
.1
1
. 1 (3)
3
3
.010 .011 .003 .027
. 5
Canned _ _________
100 38 47
1.4 1.2 1.9 1.3
15
. 120 .098 . 160 . 101
Peppers___________ . . . .. _
. 1 (3)
10
2
2
.1
6
.005 .007 .001 . 005
.2
Okra___ . . . _ . . .
_______
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Yellow vegetables, to t a l______
.9 1 . 2 1 . 1
. 186 . 169 . 200 . 210
1.0
96 31 45
Carrots____________________
1.0
.8 1.2 1.1
. 178 . 154 .200 . 210
20
Winter squash and pu m pkin..
3
0
.1 0
3
.008 .015 0
0
0
0
(3)
5. 5
Other vegetables, to ta l 4 _____
3. 8 6. 7 9. 3
. 756 . 539 .954 1.062
Beets: Fresh_________ ____
14
.1
.1
5
.2
6
3 .031 .028 .030 .044
.3
Canned _ ________
.2
.2
.2
13
6
6
1
.1
.018 .020 .021 .008
Cauliflower_________________
13
.2
.1
.2
5
5
3
.015 .008 .013 .046
.6
121 38 5 5
Celery_____________________
1.7 1.0 2.1 3.0
28
. 147 .089 .189 .255
0
Corn: On ear.. _______
.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
64 20 27
.7 1.2 1.8
Canned________
1.0
17
.084 .055 .101 . 152
Cucumber__________________
1
.001 0
0
0
1
0
.001 0
0
(s)
(3)
2
Eggplant------------- -----___
.004 .007 .002 0
1
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
1.2 1.0 1.4 1.5
Onions: M ature.. _________
155 6 6 61
28
.318 .262 .370 .390
Spring_____________
3
2
1
.013 .026 (*)
.1
.1
0
.008 0
0
Parsnips_____ _ ___ ______
.1
.1
2
2 .026 .015 .047 .015
10
6
.2
.1
Summer squash_____________
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
12
.1
.1
.2
White turnips______________
2
4 .033 .013 .048 .067
6
.2
Yellow turnips, rutabaga . . . _
39 11 21
.2
.5
7 .071 .042 . 118 .059
.3
.3
2
Other vegetables___________
2
0
0
.001 0
0
0
(5) C
( 3)
(> )
.5
Pickles and olives_____ ___ _
.3
. 5 1. 3
Citrus fruits, total____ _______
1 . 126 .730 1.418 1.828
6.0 3.9 7 8 9. 6
34 12 20
.4
2 .035 .023 .060 .015
.3
.7
.2
Lemons_________ _________
169 69 72
Oranges____ . . . __________
. 895 .628 1.C92 1.371
4.5 3.1 5.7 7.1
28
52 13 27
Grapefruit: Fresh. . ______
12
.4 1.3 2.1
. 191 .077 .262 .426
1.0
Canned
. ___
4
1
2
.1
.1
1
.005 .002 .004 .016
.1
.2
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
269
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 7 . — Food
used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in winter quarter, by economic level— Continued
SC R A N TO N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 wk.
Item
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c .—Con.
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All per expend,
All
fami unit per year fami
lies
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 wk.
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
ct.
C t.
C t.
C t.
1. 236 1.139 1.343 1.332
Other fruits, total_______________
7.8 6.0 9. 5 10 5
113 48 45
.643 .640 .673 .581
Apples: Fresh_________ ____
20
2.4 2.2 2.8 2.5
Canned_______ ____ _
0
1
1
0
.001 0
.004 0
0
0
(3)
(3)
Apricots: Fresh______________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Canned____ ______
3
0
1
.003 0
.003 .017
.1 0
.2
.1
21
Bananas.
_
________ ___
97 39 37
.304 .287 .300 .374
1.4 1.3 1.4 2.1
Berries: Fresh. ______ ______
1
0
1 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned______________
4
.004 0
0
3
1
.008 .008
.1 0
.1
.1
0
0
Cherries: Fresh____ ________
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned _____ ___
1
.009 .002 .018 .016
5
3
1
.2 (3)
.4
.2
9
2
Grapes: Fresh. ---------------18
7
.030 .024 .038 .030
.3
.2
.5
.4
Canned______________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
1
.006 0
Peaches: Fresh _________ ____
4
0
3
.1 0
.007 .024
.1
.4
.052 .037 .070 .063
Canned. __ ___
11
57 18 28
.8
.5 1.1 1.0
2
.004 .002 .009
Pears: Fresh .. ______
...
1
1
0
0
.1
0
(3)
(3)
6 11
2
.020 .018 .028 .008
Canned___ _.
__
19
.3
.4
.1
.3
2
Pineapple: Fresh____________
1
1
.001 0
0
0
.008 (3)
.2
0
0
Canned___________
40
7 25
.036 .013 .063 .054
8
.5
.2
.9
.8
0
M e lo n s __ _____________ ___
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Plums: Fresh________________
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
.001 .002 0
0
1
1
0
Canned__________ ____
0
0
0
(3)
(3)
.004 .005 .003 .004
Other fruit__________ . . . ___
5
3
1
1
. 1 (3)
. 1 (3)
0
0
Cider_________________ ____
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
2
.001 0
1
0
Grape juice. ----- ---------0
.007 (3)
1
0
0
.1
.002 0
.006 0
Other fruit juices_____ _______
1
0
1
0
.1
0
0
(3)
.005 .006 .003 .007
5
1
1
.1
Dried: Apricots_____________
3
.2
.1
.1
2
2
.004 0
.001 0
Peaches____. . . ______
0
0
.1 0
0
(3)
61 29 23
.066 .060 .066 .085
9
Prunes____________ __
.8
.8 1.3
.7
.030 .034 .027 .026
.4
.4
.3
Raisins____ _______ _
40 20 13
7
.4
.006 .002 .013 0
4
2
2
0
. 1 (3)
.1
D ates____ _________ . .
0
2
1
2
.007 .007
.020
5
.5
Figs--------------------.1
.1 (3)
(»)
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O ther._ . . . ----------.903 .811 1.095 .762
5.8 5.0 7.5 5.2
Sugars and sweets, total _____
.820 .760 .966 .684
193 83 77
33
4.3 4.0 5.1 3.6
Sugars: W hite_______________
.014 .009 .023 .007
.1
1
.1
.2
.1
13
3
9
Brown. _______
.023 .018 .033 .016
.6
3
.4
.9
.4
23 10 10
Other sweets: Candy________
32 10 17
5 .030 .016 .042 .050
.8
.6
.4
.9
J e llie s .____
.016 .008 .031 .005
6 10
1
.2
.4
.2
Molasses, sirups. _
17
.1
0
0
.1 0
Other sw eets.._
0
(5)
(5)
(3)
15.3 12.1 20.4 18.9
Miscellaneous, total
.014 .015 .012 .019
.5
.5
.4
8
.7
36 16 12
Gelatine. . . .
_____ . . .
.012 .008 .019 .011
.2
32 10 16
6
.4
.7
.4
Packaged dessert mixtures
.054 .052 .054 .062
2.8 2.6 2.9 3.8
26
129 54 49
Tea__________________________
.204 . 168 .240 .246
35
5.4 4.3 6.3 7.2
Coffee______ _______________
203 84 84
.038 .034 .052 .018
1
.6
.8
.6
.3
C o co a ____. . . _____________
43 24 18
.006 .007 .003 .013
2
.2 .2 .1
.4
5
3
10
Chocolate_ _________ ______
_
.1
.4
.3
.5
Vinegar
__
__ _
.5
.4
.5
.6
Salt
..
...
________
.5
.2
.5
.8
Baking powder, yeast, soda
.1
.1
.1
.1
Spices and extracts
___
.5
.7
.7 1.3
Catsups, sauces
__
____
2
.073 .056 .089 .094
.9
.7 1.1 1.3
56 2 22 12
Tomato soup . .
___._ _ _
4
.5
.020 .018 .024 .015
.4
.3
.3
20
8
8
Other soups _
2
6
1
.007 .004 .013 .006
.5
.8
.5
.3
Cod-liver oil.
. ______. . .
9
.004 .002 .009 .003
4
.2
2
1
.1
.3
7
.7
Proprietary foods___________
1
.001 .001 .001 .002 (3)
.1
1
1
3
Other foods . . .
_______ . .
(3)
(3)
.021 .010 .036 .026
.2 .1
.4
4
1
3
.3
8
Soft drinks consumed at hom e...
1
.066 .049 . 117 .006
.6 3.2
1.1
.6
7
11
3
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food.. ______ _ ..
i The number of equivalent full-time persons per family, in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
270
N O R T H A T L A N T IC
REG IO N
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, hy economic level
SP R IN G F IE L D , M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami-
Item
Under $400 $400 to $600
Number of families surveyed in spring quarter________
A v.no. of equivalent full-time persons i per family in
1 w k_____________________________________________
Av. no. of food expenditure units 2 per family in 1 wk __
Families using in
1 week
Item
F ood
U sed at H o m e and P u r
chased fo r C o n s u m p tio n at H o m e
in 1 W e e k
Total
-- _________ Grain products, total. ____ ___
Bread, baked goods, total
Bread: W hite------- .
Graham,whole wheat.
R ye----------------Crackers. _ ____
Plain rolls__ . . . _ . . .
Sweet rolls.. __ ._ . . . ._
Cookies---- . . . _
_ ...
Cakes_______
.. .. . .
Pies_____ _____ . . . . . . .
Other_______ _
._ ._
Ready-to-eat cereals------ __
Flour and other cereals, total.
Flour: W hite--- ---- . . .
Graham______ ____
Other______ _ . . . .
Corn m ea l... . _________
Hominy _ _ _ _ _ _
_____
Cornstarch____ _
R ice.. . . . _____
. . ...
Rolled oats____________ _
Wheat cereal___
______
Tapioca________ . . _.
Sago-----------------------Macaroni, spaghetti, noodles.
Other grain products___. . .
Eggs---------------------------Milk, cheese, ice cream, total _
Milk: Fresh, whole—bottled._
loose___
skimmed___ __
buttermilk and
other_______
Skimmed, dried.._ _.
Evaporated and con
densed. . . . . ___ _
Cheese: American. _ _ ______
Cottage ._ __ _____
Other___ _____ _____
Icecream . _ . . . . . . _ . . .
All
fami
lies
N o.
224
44
48
120
37
34
81
66
40
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o. N o.
72
13
15
52
7
5
26
15
15
92
16
18
40
16
17
41
28
13
248
81
99
68
3.86
3.35
5.16
4.45
3.58
3.08
2. 71
2.44
Av. quantity purchased
per person i in 1 week
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per yr.
N o.
60
15
15
28
14
12
14
23
12
73
28
27
18
142
1
10
11
1
24
85
85
43
19
0
118
0
236
57
0
3
7
0
10
36
30
16
6
0
46
0
77
56
1
4
3
1
11
32
36
14
10
0
53
0
95
29
0
3
1
0
3
17
19
13
3
0
19
0
64
241
0
0
78
0
0
97
0
0
66
0
0
3
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
61
105
13
42
29
22
30
5
24
5
25
48
5
8
13
14
27
3
10
11
$600 and
over
All
fami
lies
Lb.
4.935
3.255
2. 245
.194
.167
.175
.047
.042
.117
. 104
.112
.052
.075
1. 605
.974
0
.024
.009
.001
.013
.117
.132
.049
.010
0
.276
0
.728
5.094
4. 754
0
0
0
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
5.012
3.040
2.250
.143
. 160
.200
.023
.012
.097
.063
.064
.028
.062
1. 910
1.249
0
.014
.009
0
.010
. 132
.101
.053
.008
0
.334
0
.774
4. 765
4. 484
0
0
.019 0
0
0
. 126
.069
.007
.058
.021
.036
Lb.
5 .170
3. 684
2. 236
.292
.177
.210
.093
.080
.091
.181
.252
. 072
.074
1. 412
.813
0
.018
.011
0
.011
.113
.174
.077
.006
0
.189
0
.856
7. 064
6. 653
0
0
0
.029
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
unit per year
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
C t.
C t.
296.0
46.8
33.7
19.4
1.8
1.6
2.7
.9
.8
2.1
2.0
1.6
.8
1.3
11.8
5.1
0
.3
.1
(3)
.2
1.0
1.1
.7
.2
0
3.1
0
14.1
35.8
28.4
0
0
235.8
43.3
29.2
18.7
1.2
1.5
2.9
.4
.2
1.7
1.2
.9
.5
1.4
12.7
6.1
0
.2
.1
0
.1
1.0
.9
.7
.1
0
3.5
0
11.5
32.7
26.7
0
0
0
.1
0
0
C t.
C t.
317.1 417. 6
46.5 54.9
34. 7 41. 6
20.1 19.7
2.0 2.7
1.4 2.0
1.9 3.7
1.0 1.7
1.0 1.6
2.8 1.8
2.0 3.8
1.4 3.4
1.1 1. 2
1.3 1.4
10. 5 11. 9
4.1 5.3
0
0
.4
.2
.1
.1
0
(3)
.2
.1
.9 1.1
1.2 1.5
.4 1.3
.2
.1
0
0
3.0 2.2
0
0
13.8 20.6
43.7 51. 6
36.2 41.5
0
0
0
0
0
.2
0
.1
.111 .121
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2
.120 .127
2.8 1.8 3.2 4.3
.013 .012
.2
.1
.2
.3
.018 .039
1.6 2.4
.7 1.4
.076 .083
1.6
.6 2.1 2.8
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the num
ber of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals
during the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was
counted as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
2 The number of expenditure units per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the expenditure units
represented by the equivalent full-time persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data
apply.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
. 120
.099
.010
.039
.053
Lb.
4.737
3.293
2. 245
.204
.170
.129
.052
.058
. 154
. 114
.096
.071
.090
1.354
.733
0
.039
.007
.003
.019
.102
.147
.031
.015
0
.258
0
.606
6.497
6.123
0
0
$600
and
over
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 week
271
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Fam ilies using in
1 week
Item
All
families
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
per expend,
unit per yr.
Un- $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o od U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
N o. N o.
Fats, total-----------------------Butter_______________________
236 74
Cream_______________________
74 11
Other table fats----------------18 14
Lard________________________
160 60
. Vegetable shortening----------31
7
Table or cooking oils----------24 11
Mayonnaise and other salad
dressing____________________
86 27
Bacon, smoked___ ___________
118 25
Salt side of pork______________
32 13
Meat, poultry, fish, and other sea
food, total__________________
Beef:
Fresh: Steak, porterhouse, sir
loin_________
56 10
top round_____
9
50
other_________
74 33
Roast, rib___________
51 11
chuck_________
22
4
other__________
6
16
Boiling, chuck-------31 20
plate________
1
0
other--------15
6
Canned----------------------15
6
Corned____________________
2
16
Dried______________________
15
7
Other______________________
0
0
Veal: Fresh, steak, chops_____
22
5
roast____________
18 10
stew_____________
6
13
Lamb: Fresh, chops__________
24
3
roast___________
26
9
stew ___________
5
18
Pork: Fresh, chops___________
80 20
loin roast--------33 10
other____________
4
1
Smoked ham, slices_____
34
9
2
>
14
picnic____
10
7
Pork sausage-----------38 12
Other pork____________
2
6
Miscellaneous meats, total____
Other fresh meat___________
0
0
Bologna, frankfurters_______
88 39
Cooked: H am _____________
32 10
Tongue-----------3
1
Liver_____________________
50 16
Other meat products_______
5
4
Poultry: Chicken, broiling---22 10
roast______
15
3
stew______
22
6
Turkey____________
0
0
Other______________
1
0
Fish and other sea food, total. _
Fish: Fresh_______________
162 49
Canned_____________
69 28
Cured_______________
16
7
Oysters___________________
2
7
Other sea food........................
9
4
N o.
N o.
95
32
3
66
14
9
67
31
1
34
10
4
32
57
15
27
36
4
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 wk.
Av. expenditure per
person i in 1 week
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
unit per year
fami
lies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
All
fami
lies
Lb.
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Lb.
Lb.
$600
and
over
Lb.
1.084 0.858 1.162 1.453
.475 .368 .509 .651
.051 .013 .057 . 128
.042 .081 .018 .002
.189 .181 .189 .208
.039 .013 .052 .074
.060 .046 .080 .053
.081
.116
.031
.058
.056
.042
.080
.151
.026
. 135
.185
.017
2.811 2.317 3.004 3.562
20
32
28
23
14
4
10
0
7
4
10
4
0
9
4
6
13
9
8
37
17
2
13
5
2
18
3
0
34
12
2
21
1
7
5
11
0
0
70
22
4
1
2
26
.111
.093
9
13
.134
.202
17
4
.098
6
.057
1
.089
1
.006
2
.032
5
.014
4
.045
4
.006
0 0
.035
8
.074
4
1
.036
.035
8
. 109
8
.062
5
23
. 129
. 141
6
1
.020
12
.090
.078
7
1
.033
8
.056
1
.011
. 272
0 0
15
.161
.033
10
.002
0
13
.068
0
.008
5
.095
7
.086
5
.096
0 0
1
.001
.465
.332
43
19
.090
5
.023
4
.005
3
.015
0
0
0
0
0
.070
.037
.147
.112
.059
.055
.143
.045
.016
.022
.007
.021
.087
.046
.011
.087
.027
.070
.076
.018
.081
.042
.065
.040
.012
.300
.198
.032
.001
.055
.014
.088
.055
.062
.416
.297
.082
.022
.004
.011
0
.111
.171
.130
.246
. 142
.042
.066
0
0
0
0
.029
.008
.050
.003
.042
.056
.036
.059
.118
.074
. 158
.226
.016
.062
.074
.011
.077
.008
.244
.138
.030
.003
.069
.004
.085
.066
.129
.465
.352
.065
.029
.003
.016
.204
.070
.111
.321
. 104
.092
.013
.030
.011
.018
.088
.007
0
.052
.076
.016
.043
. 144
.117
.205
.124
.034
.166
. 165
.004
.052
.017
. 261
0
. 122
.042
0
.097
0
. 130
.197
.108
0
.005
.577
.376
.156
.016
.009
.020
C t.
a .
C t.
C t.
32.5 23.5 35.7 46.1
17.6 13.3 19.0 24.5
2.2
.6 2.5 5.2
.7 1.3
.3 (3)
3.2 3.1 3.3 3.4
.2
.7
.9 1.5
1.8 1.2 2.4 1.7
1.9
3.8
.6
1.3
1.6
.9
1.8
5.0
.5
3.3
6.3
.2
70.8 52.3 77. 6 99. 7
4.6
3.0
3.3
6.1
2.3
1.6
1.8
.2
.5
.3
1.1
.3
0
1.0
1.6
.7
1.2
2.5
1.1
3.8
3.7
.4
2.3
2.1
.7
1.5
.2
6.7
0
3.7
1.2
.1
1.5
.2
2.6
2.6
2.6
0
(3)
8.4
5.8
1.8
.4
.1
.3
2.4
1.2
3.4
3.4
1.3
1.5
2.8
0
.6
.4
.6
.4
0
.5
1.8
.9
.3
1.8
.5
2.1
1.9
.4
1.5
1.1
1.3
1.1
.2
7.4
0
4.4
1.3
.1
1.2
.4
2.2
1.4
1.5
0
0
6.4
4.2
1.5
.4
.1
.2
4.3 10.2
5.6 2.2
3.3 3.2
7.1 10.4
3.4 2.4
1.3 2.5
1.4
.3
.8
0
.4
.2
.2
.3
1.1 2.2
.2
.4
0
0
1.3 1.7
1.3 1.8
.7
.4
1.9 1.8
2.9 3.1
1.4 1.8
4.9 5.6
5.9 3.4
.3
.8
2.1 4.5
1.8 4.7
.3
.1
2.1 1.4
.2
.2
5.8 6. 5
0
0
3.2 3/0
1.0 1.4
.1 0
1.4 2.1
.1 0
2.5 3.7
1.9 6.8
3.5 3.1
0
0
.1
0
8.5 13.1
6.4 8.4
1.3 3.5
.4
.4
.1
.3
.3
.5
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted
as the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
272
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES—Continued
Families using in
1 week
Ite m
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 week
Economic
level—Fami
lies spending
All
All per expend,
fami unit per yr. fami
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
Av. expenditure per
person1 in 1 week
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fami unit per year
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o od U se d at H o m e , E t c . —Con.
Lb.
Lb.
N o. N o. N o. N o .
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
C t.
C t.
C t.
Vegetables and fruits, total 4_. _
10.148 7. 919 10.878 13. 797 60.9 45.6 62.9 93.8
_.
229 73 95
61 3.827 3. 263 4. 236 4. 320
Potatoes__________
4.6 3.8 5.2 5.4
Sweetpotatoes, yams_________
4
4
6
.035 .016 .018 .111
14
.2
.1
.1
.9
Dried legumes and nuts, total.
. 221 .229 . 213 . 216
2. 6 2. 7 2. 8 3. 3
Dried~corn________ _ _____
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Beans: D r y ______________
6
.103 .133 .092 .055
.4
60 30 24
.9
.8 1.0
Canned, dried _____
3
4
8
.030 .012 .052 .027
15
.1
.4
.3
.5
Baked, not canned___
1
0
0
.001 .003 0
0
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
Peas: Black-eyed___________
0
1
0
.001 0
.002 0
1
0
0
(3)
(3)
Other____________ . . .
3
1
.004 .006 0
.009 (3)
.1
4
0
.1 0
Nuts: Shelled______________
2
3
5
10
.008 .001 .003 .032
.2
.2
.7
.1
In shell ____________
2
1 .008 .009 .007 .007
2
.2
.1
.2
.1
5
Peanut butter______ ________
15
.066 .065 .057 .086
66 26 25
1.2 1.2 1.1 1.5
Other dried legumes and n u ts.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Tomatoes: Fresh_____________
.072 .041 .082 .123
18
47 12 17
.5 1.1 2.2
1.0
Canned____ _______
22
.192 .135 .263 .184
108 36 50
1.9 1.4 2.6 1.8
Juice__ ___ __ _
2 12
7
.9
.1
21
.040 .009 .051 .089
.5
.7
Sauce, paste .. _ . . .
.1
27 16
3
.021 .037 .009 .008
.2
8
.9
.5
Green and leafy vegetables, total.
1.245 .970 1.259 1.844 12.1 9.0 12.1 20.2
Brussels sprouts____________
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Cabbage__________________
22
.269 .265 .246 .321
84 31 31
1.6 1.5 1.5 2.0
21 11
Sauerkraut_________________
.4
3
7
.056 .066 .044 .058
.3
.4
.6
Collards_________________ ..
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Kale_______________________
1
1 .006 .012 0
.1 0
.1
2
0
.007
.1
Lettuce____________________
43
149 49 57
.227 .177 .211 .371
2.3 1.8 2.1 3.8
Spinach: Fresh.__ _
25
.216 .111 .290 .312
80 19 36
2.0 1.0 2.6 2.9
Canned. . . .
21
.031 .019 .045 .034
4
.4
7 10
.2
.5
.3
Other leafy vegetables... _ . . .
.1 0
2
.004 (3)
4
1
1 .003 .004 0
(3)
Asparagus: Fresh------------.2 1.1
4
.019 .011 .012 .051
.2
3
6
13
.4
Canned.
.2
.8
4
.008 0
.2 0
1
3
.006 .031
8
Lima beans: Fresh . . .
.1
.1
2
2
.008 .006 .009 .010
2
.1
.1
6
Canned_____ _
.2
.4
4
4
.2
14
6
.017 .014 .012 .034
.2
Beans, snap (string): Fresh___
.5 1.6
31
.3
7
9
15
.059 .029 .053 .139
.6
Canned..
.7 1.0 2.3
10
.098 .069 .098 .163
1.1
56 21 25
Broccoli___ _
. _ ...
.1 0
5
2
3
0
.010 .012 .013 0
.1
.2
Peas: Fresh________________
.2 1.3
1
.3 (3)
14
3
10
.030 .005 .021 .103
Canned-- ___ ______ _
24
2.1 1.6 2.3 2.7
105 35 46
.166 .143 .179 .193
P ep p ers____________ . . . . . .
.3
21
4
.4
.3
8
9
.022 .027 .020 .013
.3
Okra_______________ __ . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
Yellow vegetables, total_____ _
.310 .212 .311 . 528
2.0 1.2 2.0 3.5
C arrots_________________ __
149 44 55
.307 .209 .308 .528
50
2.0 1.2 2.0 3.5
Winter squash and pum pkin. _
1
0
2
0
.003 .003 .003 0
1
(3)
(3)
(3)
Other vegetables, to ta l4 _____
.772 .498 .868 1.214 13.6 11.5 13.1 19.7
Beets: Fresh_______ ___ _
.3
1
4
4
.015 .009 .013 .034
.1 (3)
.1
9
Canned______ . . .
.9
.2
.4
27
6 13
8
.4
.040 .018 .040 .090
Cauliflower_______________ _
.2 1.5
.2
2
11
.029 .021 .010 .085
17
4
.4
Celery_____________________
102 28 39
35
.133 .078 .128 .270
1.6 1.0 1.6 3.2
Corn: On ear_______________
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Canned______________
.4 1.0 1.4
16
.071 .030 .090 .126
.8
55 16 23
Cucumber____________ . . .
.6
.1
.2
2
4
.2
14
8
.020 .008 .024 .040
Eggplant--------------------.2
1
.1
.2
2
.2
3
.020 .012 .032 .017
6
Onions: M ature. .....................
22
.317 .262 .367 .344
1.9 1.5 2.4 1.8
140 53 65
Spring___________
.2
.007 0
.1 0
0
2
3
.005 .026
5
(3)
Parsnips_________________
.1 (3)
.1
.3
12
2
6
.016 .003 .018 .044
4
Summer squash_______ . . .
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
W hite turnips___ ___________
.1 0
2
.005 .003 .010 0
1
1
0
.1 (3)
Yellow turnips, rutabaga... .
.6
.2
9
.098 .054 .130 .134
.6
34
6 19
.4
Other vegetables___________
0
.001 .004 (3)
.1
.1
.001 0
2
0
1
1
Pickles and olives___________
7.3 7.8 6.1 8.6
Citrus fruits, total. . . _ _ _ _ _ _
1.721 1.092 1.837 2. 919
9.1 5.1 10.3 15. 7
Lemons______________. . . __
44 10 22
12
.070 .026 .124 .066
.2
.9
.7
.6
O ranges.__________________
183 54 78
51 1. 332 .842 1. 371 2. 364
6.8 3.9 7.5 11.9
Grapefruit: Fresh____ ___
63 13 28
22
.300 .211 .311 .480
1.5
.9 1.6 2.9
Canned_________
10
2
.1
.2
6
2
.019 .013 .031 .009
.2
.3
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number of
persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
4 Does not include pickles and olives.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
273
TABULAE SUMM ARY
T able 7.— Food used at home and purchased for consumption at home during 1 week
in spring quarter, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Families using in
1 week
Item
Av. quantity purchased
per person 1 in 1 week
Av. expenditure per
person 1 in 1 week
Economic
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fami
level—Families
Families spending
lies spending
spending per
per expenditure
expenditure
All per expend,
All
All
unit per year
fami unit per yr. fami
fami unit per year
lies
lies
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
$600
and
over
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F o o d U sed at H o m e , E t c .—Con.
N o.
Other fruits, t o t a l - _ ____ __
Apples: Fresh________________
Canned______ ______
Apricots: Fresh____ ______ _
Canned____________
B a n a n a s__________ _____ __
Berries: Fresh.
___________
Canned_________ _ _
Cherries: Fresh_________ _ ___
Canned___ ________
Grapes: Fresh____ ___ . ___
C a n n e d _________ __
Peaches: Fresh_______________
Canned_____________
Pears: Fresh____________
Canned_______________
Pineapple: Fresh_________
Canned____ _ . . .
M elon s._ _
_______ . . . .
Plums: Fresh.............................
Canned___________ _
Other fruit._______________ _
C id e r _____________ ________
Grape ju ice.__ ___________ ___
Other fruit juices
. . _____
Dried: Apricots _________ _
Peaches______________
Prunes ________ _____
Raisins___________ ____
D a t e s . ___ _______ _
Figs--------------------Other___ . . . ______
Sugars and sweets, total _____
_
Sugars: White __ ______ ____
Brown _ __ . . . . . .
Other sweets: Candy______ _
Jellies. ___ _
Molasses, sirups. _
Other sweets___
Miscellaneous, total. _ ______
Gelatine._ ____________ . . . _
Packaged dessert mixtures _ _
Tea__________________________
Coffee_______________________
Cocoa___ _______ _______ _ _.
Chocolate____ ______ _ . . .
Vinegar_______ .
_______
Salt_________________________
Baking powder, yeast, soda ...
Spices and extracts___ ___ _ _
Catsups, sauces.__ __ _______
Tomato soup____ ______ _
Other soups__________________
Cod-liver oil____________ ___
Proprietary foods_____________
Other foods_______
__ __
Soft drinks consumed at hom e...
Other drinks consumed at home.
Sales tax on food. _
_____
N o. N o.
N o.
Lb.
Lb.
Lb.
C t.
18
14
68
88
20
6
1.692
.761
.006
.001
.005
.507
.016
.003
0
.007
.006
0
0
.070
.006
.026
.003
.059
0
0
0
.012
0
.006
.023
.018
.004
.109
.028
.013
.002
.001
1.456
52 1.292
.029
7
.038
10
15
.053
9
.044
(5)
.726
.021
19
.015
8
.072
39
.229
58
.036
9
5
.006
1. 417
.772
0
.003
.005
.392
.009
.002
0
.002
0
0
0
.039
.009
.004
0
.040
0
0
0
.008
0
0
0
.010
.006
.094
.015
.007
0
0
1. 270
1.117
.024
.034
.046
.049
0
.530
.008
.014
.055
. 171
.046
.003
1. 731
. 712
.010
0
.004
611
.010
.004
0
.002
.010
0
0
.060
.007
.047
0
.040
0
0
0
.005
0
.004
.015
.025
.003
. 120
.039
.003
0
0
1.630
1.479
.036
.043
.032
.040
0
.767
.023
.017
.083
.254
.024
.008
2. 241
.832
.008
0
.004
.569
.040
.002
0
.027
.013
0
0
. 160
0
.037
.013
. 138
0
0
0
.033
0
.022
.091
.024
.004
. 123
.040
.044
.010
.007
1. 547
1.330
.028
.038
.109
.041
.001
1.103
.046
.014
.088
.313
.040
.012
14
12
5
5
1
14
8
17
13
3
2
1
8
3
.079
.074
.013
.012
.003
.130
.036
.066
.080
.012
.009
(5)
.060
.006
.067
.048
.012
.021
.004
. 155
.051
. 132
.114
.015
.003
.007
.240
.079
12.8
4.1
.1
(3)
.1
2.8
.4
.1
0
.2
.1
0
0
1.0
.1
.3
(3)
.8
0
0
0
.2
0
.1
.3
.3
.1
1.2
.3
.2
(3)
(3)
9.7
6.8
.2
1.1
1.0
.6
(3)
25.4
.7
.5
3.6
5.4
.9
.2
.4
1.0
2.4
.3
3.6
1.0
1.0
.8
.8
.1
1.5
1.2
137
2
1
5
133
16
5
0
5
2
0
0
49
2
26
1
36
0
0
1
8
0
5
10
16
4
61
26
11
2
1
58
0
1
0
39
4
3
0
1
0
0
0
12
1
6
0
10
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
5
2
22
11
2
0
0
48
1
0
4
61
4
1
0
1
1
0
0
18
1
14
0
12
0
0
0
3
0
1
4
8
1
28
9
1
0
0
221
24
42
39
33
76
9
16
13
11
93
8
16
11
13
45
34
163
214
58
13
8
12
56
68
29
2
52
45
15
12
3
30
13
21
20
7
5
1
8
2
Lb.
31
1
0
1
33
8
1
0
3
1
0
0
19
0
6
1
14
0
0
0
3
0
4
6
3
1
11
6
8
2
1
a. a. a.
9.3
4.0
0
(3)
.1
2.1
.2
.1
0
(3)
0
0
0
.5
.1
.1
0
.4
0
0
0
.1
0
0
0
.2
.1
1.0
.2
.1
0
0
8.4
6.0
.2
.8
.8
.6
0
18.5
.3
.4
2.5
4.3
.7
.1
.5
.8
1.7
.2
2.7
.8
1.0
1.0
.4
(3)
.7
.4
12.7
3.9
.1
0
.1
3.5
.2
.1
0
(3)
.2
0
0
.9
.1
.6
0
.5
0
0
0
.1
0
.1
.2
.4
(3)
1.3
.4
(3)
0
0
10.6
7.8
.3
1.3
.6
.6
0
26.3
.6
.6
3.8
4.5
.5
.2
.3
1.3
3.4
.3
3.9
.8
.6
.6
1.7
.1
1.6
1.5
20.1
4.6
.1
0
(3)
3.3
1.0
.1
0
.6
.3
0
0
2.2
0
.5
.2
1.9
0
0
0
.6
0
.3
1.1
.3
.1
1.4
.4
.9
.1
.1
11.5
7.0
.2
1.1
2.4
.7
.1
39.4
1.8
.6
5.5
9.7
1.8
.3
.5
.8
2.3
.6
5.2
1.7
1.8
.8
.3
.4
2.9
2.4
1 The number of equivalent full-time persons per family in 1 week is computed on the basis of the number
of persons eating meals at home during the week to which the data apply. If a person ate 21 meals during
the week, he was counted as a full-time person for that week. If he ate less than 21 meals, he was counted as
the appropriate decimal equivalent full-time person.
3 Less than 0.05 cent.
5 Less than 0.0005 pound.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 456.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
274
T a bl e 8 .—
Annual food expenditures, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
1
Item
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in s u r v e y ____ ____
__ _______
Average number of food expenditure units in
1 year__
-----Number of families spending for—
Meals away from home:
At work_____________________________
At school_____
-------------------On vacation _
_________ _ _ ..
Board at school________ ___________ __ Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc_______
Number of families reporting food received
as gifts, or produced at home, or meals re
ceived as pay __
- ------
516
96
100
117
85
51
67
3.43
5.05
3. 76
3.27
3.03
2.41
2.15
129
18
35
1
95
12
1
1
0
12
13
1
4
0
19
27
9
7.
0
21
24
4
5
0
22
20
1
4
0
9
33
2
14
1
12
88
24
19
11
13
8
13
$564.99 $542. 20 $573.54 $586.31 $507.33
552.00 530.48 546.49 548. 25 460. 62
$572.28
511. 58
Average annual expenditure per family for
all food
_____ __________________ $561.27
Food prepared at home______ _ _______ 531. 68
Food bought and eaten away from home,
total _ _ _ _
--29.59
Meals at w ork..
___ __ _ __ _ 20. 79
Meals at sch o o l_____ _ __ ______
1.06
Other meals, not vacation,
___2.33
Meals on vacation_____ _ _1.30
Board at school „ _______ ____ ____ _
.18
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc__________
3.93
Average estimated value per family of gifts
of food and home-produced food and meals
received as pay (incomplete) i. __ ______
10.82
12.99
9.60
.17
.48
.03
0
2. 71
11.72
7.80
.63
.62
.67
0
2.00
27.05
18.78
2.31
1.51
.98
0
3.47
38.06
26.58
1.64
3.60
.96
0
5.28
46.71
36. 77
.20
4.88
1.78
0
3.08
60.70
40. 21
.69
5.44
4. 66
1. 37
8.33
18.77
9.66
6.42
8.35
14.90
8.85
i The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 12 families, but for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a bl e 8 .—
275
Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA LO , N. Y.—W HITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in s u r v e y ______________________
Average number of food expenditure units
in 1 year_____ _________________________
Number of families spending for—
Meals away from home:
At work___________ _____________
At school_____
_____________ ______
On vacation ____________________
Board at school________________ _____
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc_____ _
Number of families reporting food received
as gifts, or produced at home, or meals re
ceived as pay__________________________
450
51
82
104
85
54
74
2.96
4. 64
3. 66
2.86
2. 52
2. 49
2.08
119
21
37
0
133
5
1
0
0
13
14
7
4
0
21
32
4
4
0
31
21
3
8
0
28
20
3
7
0
14
27
3
14
0
26
60
9
7
15
14
5
10
$511. 26 $517.88 $493.20 $489.99 $529.13
500.09 498. 53 462.03 458.31 481.46
$486.81
441.76
Average annual expenditure per family for
#11 food----------------------------------- $502.19
Food prepared at home_____ __________ 471.28
Food bought and eaten away from home,
total_
_
__________ ___________
30.91
Meals at work________________________ 18.29
Meals at school___ _________________
1.94
Other meals, not vacation____________
2.40
Meals on vacation_________________ _
1.09
Board at school____________ ________
0
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc_______ __
7.19
Average estimated value per family of gifts
of food and home-produced food and meals
4.96
received as pay (incom plete)1 ___________
11.17
4.12
.95
.72
0
0
5.38
19.35
9.52
2.94
1.66
.33
0
4.90
31.17
19.60
1. 51
.98
.79
0
8.29
31.68
16.28
1.92
4.64
1.33
0
6.51
47.67
29.07
1.58
6.18
1.81
0
9.03
45.05
30.31
2.44
1.06
2.32
0
8.92
10.22
2.71
3.33
8.58
1.24
4.69
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not in clu de gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 8 families, but for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
276
T a b l e 8 .—
Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
fami
lies
Lancaster, Pa.
E co n o m ic le v e l— F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure unit
per year
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$600
All
fami
lies
$600
and
over
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600
and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey________
Average number of food ex
penditure units in 1 year..
Number of families spend
ing for—
Meals away from home:
At work________ _ . . .
At school_____________
On vacation. _ _
Board at school. _______
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
etc_______ _______ ____
Number of families report
ing food received as gifts,
or produced at home, or
meals received as pay___
153
66
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
3. 70
4.92
3.06
2.58
2.06
3. 09
3. 71
2. 72
2.09
27
5
7
1
7
1
1
0
10
3
1
1
6
1
3
0
4
0
2
0
14
2
12
0
3
1
1
0
7
1
2
0
4
0
9
0
33
15
10
6
2
34
13
10
11
84
45
23
10
6
74
37
23
14
Average annual expenditure
per family for all food... $376. 27 $388. 78 $355.04 $362. 98 $424. 70
Food prepared at home—_ 357.24 378. 31 332.09 344. 05 370.11
Food bought and eaten
22.95
54. 59
away from home, total.
10. 47
18.93
19. 03
12. 26
Meals at w o r k _______
5. 82
12.02
33.14
10. 94
Meals at school._ ____
1.22
. 18
3.06
1.11
0
Other meals, not vaca
.04
.34
tion_____ _
___ _
.03
0
0)
1.35
2. 60
1.24
.35
Meals on vacation
1.89
3. 48
0
1. 04
0
0
Board at school_______
Candy,
ice
cream,
4. 56
3.08
3.80
18.51
3.91
drinks, etc. _ _______
Average estimated value
per family of gifts of food
and home-produced food
and meals received as pay
5. 82
8.50
5.21
2. 53
1. 33
(incomplete) 2__
...
.
$441. 82 $445. 70 $431. 75 $447. 50
423. 72 436.96 413.80 405. 86
18.10
3. 67
.27
5.26
.99
8. 74
.85
.03
3. 71
. 19
17. 95
7.19
.81
41.64
5.34
0
0
0
0
3. 73
.17
11.41
4.24
0
7.91
3.96
6.05
20. 65
12. 77
14.84
11.12
10.15
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
2 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 21 families in Johnstown, but for which they could not
estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
TABULAR SUMMARY
277
T able 8. — Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R . N . H .—W HITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey______________________________
Average number of food expenditure units in 1 year—_
Number of families spending for—
Meals away from home:
At work_______ _
-----------___
At school__________ ___________________ On vacation________________________________
Board at school_______________ ______________
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc__________________
Number of families reporting food received as gifts,
or produced at home, or meals received as pay___
146
3.38
25
4. 74
51
3. 96
41
2.78
29
2.72
22
5
9
2
41
2
1
0
0
5
7
3
1
0
15
9
1
5
1
13
4
0
3
1
8
54
8
26
12
8
Average annual expenditure per family for all food—
Food prepared at home___________ ____________
Food bought and eaten away from home, total___
Meals at work_________
_____________ _
Meals at sch o o l- --- --------------- ---------Other meals, not v a ca tio n ______________ ____
Meals on vacation-------------------------- ___
Board at school---------------------------Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc_________________
Average estimated value per family of gifts of food
and home-produced food and meals received as pay
(incomplete) 1___ _______
____ _____ _____
$482. 34
460. 37
21.97
7. 04
.90
3. 05
2.14
3.31
5.53
$487. 89
481. 93
5. 96
2. 72
.90
0
0
0
2.34
$517. 23
499. 63
17. 60
6.96
1. 50
3.68
1.84
0
3. 62
$469. 67
441. 79
27. 88
7. 80
.84
2. 83
2. 07
2. 64
11.70
$434.15
398. 99
35.16
9.80
0
4.95
4.60
12. 90
2.91
5. 44
4.01
6.12
8.11
1. 87
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 19 families, but for which they could not estimate the
value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
278
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a bl e 8 .—
Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit
per year
Item
All families
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$700 and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey___________
Average number of food expen
diture units in 1 year_______
Number of families spending
for—
Meals away from home:
At work______________ _
At school______ _______
On vacation___________ _
Board at school___
_ ___
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
---etc________ . .
Number of families reporting
food received as gifts, or pro
duced at home, or meals
received as pay---------Average annual expenditure
per family for all food_____
Food prepared at home_____
Food bought and eaten away
from home, total_
_ _ _
Meals at work______
Meals at school, __ __
Other meals, not vacation.
Meals on vacation___. . .
Board at school____
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
etc----------Average estimated value per
family of gifts of food and
home-produced fo o d a n d
meals received as pay (incom
plete) L.
..
_ _ __
498
108
96
82
70
60
82
3. 55
5.23
3. 76
3. 44
2. 90
2. 72
2. 30
191
52
77
1
22
15
0
0
21
8
5
0
39
11
9
0
31
10
15
0
28
5
16
1
50
3
32
0
135
13
20
23
22
23
34
70
14
13
18
8
12
5
$579.83
529.29
$548. 52
527. 76
$553. 74
527.20
$590. 48
536. 07
$604. 40
546.15
$601. 06
539. 51
$604. 34
505.14
50.54
33. 06
2.88
3.74
4.20
.12
20. 76
12. 81
4.20
2. 56
0
0
26.54
18. 27
2. 62
1. 36
.25
0
54. 41
40. 89
3.12
1.31
2.17
0
58. 25
36. 72
4. 23
.93
6. 27
0
61. 55
42.18
1. 98
4. 62
3. 25
1.01
99. 20
59. 37
.68
12.14
15. 36
0
6.54
1.19
4.04
6.92
10.10
8. 51
11.65
10.66
8.15
10.95
11. 53
9.27
23.81
21.75
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 13 families, but for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
279
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 8 .—
Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L P H IA , P A —N E G R O FA M IL IE S
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level— F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey_
_ ___________________ _____ __________
Average number of food expenditure units in 1 year__________
Number of families spending for—
Meals away from home:
At work_____________________________ _____ _ _______
A t school_____________________ ______ _______ ________
On vacation__________________________________________
Board at school_____ ______ ________________ __________
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc____ _______________________
Number of families reporting food received as gifts, or pro
duced at home, or meals received as pay________________
101
3.30
55
4.20
31
2. 34
15
1.85
20
10
1
2
9
9
8
0
0
5
6
2
0
2
2
5
0
1
0
2
20
8
7
5
Average annual expenditure per family for all fo o d __________
Food
__________ ___ prepared at home
___ ______________
Food bought and eaten away from home, total—
..__________
Meals at work_____ _________________ _______________
Meals at school__________ ____________ ___
________
Other meals, not vacation___ __________________________
Meals on v a c a tio n .___ _______________ ________________
Board at school _
__ ___ _________ ____________
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc_.—_ _ __ _______________
Average estimated value per family of gifts of food and homeproduced food and meals received as pay (incomplete)1_____
$399. 29
376. 54
22. 75
12. 37
2.24
.99
.06
.54
6. 55
$399. 57
381.68
17.89
9.24
2.98
.03
0
0
5.64
$377.05
357. 05
20.00
13.53
2. 04
1.14
0
1. 78
1. 51
$407. 88
361. 36
46. 52
21. 52
0
4. 33
.39
0
20.28
14.86
11. 37
23.86
9.08
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 3 families, but for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
53959°—39-----19
280
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 8 . — Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$700 and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey_____ _____
Average number food expendi
ture units in 1 year— ____
Number of families spending
for—
Meals away from home:
A t work. _________ .
A t sc h o o l- ..___ _
_- -On v a c a tio n ___ ______ _
Board at school____
____
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
etc______________________
Number of families reporting
food received as gifts, or pro
duced at home, or meals re
ceived as pay—_ _________
Average annual expenditure
per family for all fo o d ____
Food prepared at home----Food bought and eaten away
from home, total_______
Meals at work__________
Meals at school— ______
Other meals, not vacation.
Meals on vacation_______
Board at school.— - ____
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
etc___________________
Average estimated value per
family of gifts of food and
home -produced fo o d and
meals received as pay (in
complete)1— -_
___ _
346
75
76
65
54
38
38
3.45
5.20
3. 79
3.08
2.70
2.44
1.99
140
30
35
1
16
9
0
0
29
11
5
0
34
3
7
0
25
4
5
0
17
2
8
1
19
1
10
0
75
18
22
8
10
13
4
74
25
14
7
7
11
10
$490.46
451. 51
$517.10
496.94
$504.18
466.11
$496. 67
453. 04
$454. 55
417. 05
$504. 57
452. 48
$436. 71
378.10
38.95
30. 24
3.06
1.62
1.30
.27
20.16
13.88
3.76
. 15
0
0
38.07
22.86
6. 26
3. 75
.89
0
43.63
38.82
1.08
1.48
.70
0
37. 50
31.81
2. 34
1.24
.56
0
52.09
40. 33
1.74
1.65
2. 35
2. 52
58. 61
50. 33
.92
.96
5. 67
0
2.46
2.37
4.31
1. 55
1.55
3.50
.73
2.01
1. 99
1.81
1.41
1.72
3.26
2.50
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produc ed
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 14 families, but for which they could not estimate th e value.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
TABULAR SUM M ARY
281
T able 8 . — Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.-—Negro families
Item
All
families
Portland, Maine—White families
Economic level—Families
spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
All
families
$600 and
over
Economic level—Families
spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey_______
Average number of food ex
penditure units in 1 year.
Number of families spending
for—
Meals away from home:
At w o r k ____ ________
At school____________
On vacation____ ____
Board at school_________
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
etc— ______ ___ ___
Number of families report
ing food received as gifts,
or produced at home, or
meals received as pay____
Average annual expenditure
per family for all food___
Food prepared at home___
Food bought and eaten
away from home, total.
Meals at work_________
Meals at school____ . . .
Other meals, not vaca
tion_________________
Meals on vacation_____
Board at school..............
C a n d y , ic e c r e a m ,
drinks, etc__________
Average estimated value per
family of gifts of food and
home-produced food and
meals received as pay (in
complete)1. . _______ . . .
97
49
35
13
153
66
50
37
2.81
3. 54
2.14
1.91
3.31
4.18
2.91
2.29
23
12
3
1
8
10
1
1
11
2
0
0
4
0
2
0
29
4
17
2
4
1
5
0
10
2
6
1
15
1
6
1
14
6
6
2
48
21
19
8
25
14
8
3
64
26
18
20
$342. 74
325.35
$350.09
336.77
$327.65
311.15
$350.95
315.90
$487.65
455.70
$493.82
476. 24
$475.69
444.08
$492. 86
434. 77
17.39
10.90
3.15
13.32
5.63
5.67
16. 50
12.64
.81
35.05
26.08
0
31.95
18.58
.30
17. 58
7.23
.30
31.61
16.00
.30
58.09
42.33
.35
0
7.64
.20
2.32
.93
2. 84
0
2.62
.70
1.60
.77
5. 67
2.73
1. 55
4.05
1.35
.09
.23
0
1.67
1.43
2. 22
1.13
6.98
6. 73
7. 27
7.08
.93
1.33
.58
.37
20.53
18.16
19.93
25. 56
.13
.46
0
0
.83
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 13 families in Pittsburgh and by 3 families in Portland but
for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
282
T a bl e 8 .—
Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Rochester, N . Y.
Items
All
families
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
families
Economic level—F a m i 1 i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey____ _
Average number of food ex
penditure units in 1 year.Number of families spend
ing for—
Meals away from home:
At work______________
At school_____________
On vacation-----------Board at school___ _ . . .
Candy, ice cream, drinks,
etc--------------------Number of families report
ing food received as gifts,
or produced at home, or
meals received as p a y ---
301
95
115
91
231
38
58
95
40
2. 96
3. 95
2.80
2.14
3. 21
4.74
3. 65
2.76
2.22
101
25
44
1
26
7
6
0
31
13
15
0
44
5
23
1
14
0
7
1
1
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
9
0
3
0
2
0
1
1
89
26
38
25
15
1
3
9
2
72
25
34
13
81
15
21
33
12
Average annual expendi
ture per family for all
food__________________ $447. 79 $448.19 $444.48 $451. 62
Food prepared at home—. 409.82 425. 24 413. 21 389. 46
Food bought and eaten
away from home, total22.95
31.27
62.16
37.97
Meals at work________
22. 21
14.46
17. 07
36.83
2.10
2.12
2.37
Meals at school.. . . .
1. 74
Other meals, not vaca
2.82
tion______________ _
.20
2. 76
5.65
Meals on vacation. __
1.95
.78
1.38
3.86
4.04
Board at school_______
1.22
0
0
C a n d y , ice cream ,
7.69
10.04
drinks, etc__________
5.39
7. 67
Average estimated value
per family of gifts of food
and home produced food
and meals received as pay
12.26
8.15
4.20
7.07
(incom plete)1___ _______
$502.09 $484.82 $517. 45 $505.18 $488.65
492.47 480. 65 515.12 495 04 464.58
9.62
3.96
0
4.17
3.20
0
2.33
1. 76
0
2.31
.51
1. 76
0
0
0
.53
0
.15
10.14
6.14
0
24.07
2. 72
0
1.58
.77
9.48
.42
10.20
0
1.08
.44
.42
1.65
1.25
4.61
8.56
4.37
3.35
4.22
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 3 families in Rochester and 10 families in Scranton, but
for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
283
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T a bl e 8 .—
Annual food expenditures, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level—F a m i l i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
A n n u a l F o o d E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey_________________ _ ______
_________
Average number of food expenditure units in 1 year___ ____ _
Number of families spending for—
Meals away from home:
At work_______ ___ _ ______ _
_________ _______
A t sch o o l____________________________ ____ __
. On vacation_____________ ____ __________________ ____ _
Board at school__________ ____ _
_____________________
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc__________________________
Number of families reporting food received as gifts, or produced
at home, or meals received as pay____ __________________
248
3.27
81
4. 50
99
2.96
68
2.24
52
12
17
3
38
9
4
1
0
15
17
7
7
1
10
26
1
9
2
13
57
25
16
16
Average annual expenditure per family for all food___ _______
Food prepared at home_________ _______ _________________
Food bought and eaten away from home, total,__ _______
Meals at w o r k _______________________ ______________
Meals at school___________ _______ ____________________
Other meals, not vacation________ ________ _________
Meals on vacation__________ ______ ___________________
Board at school_________ _____ ________________________
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc,, __ _ ___________________
Average estimated value per family of gifts of food and homeproduced food and meals received as pay (incomplete) i-----
$546. 22
517. 58
28.64
17. 24
1.18
3.46
1.51
2. 71
2. 54
$564.99
558. 97
6.02
2. 78
1.37
.04
.03
$539. 47
515. 45
24.02
15. 57
1.75
.91
1.74
1. 56
$533. 70
471. 39
62.31
36.88
. 15
11. 25
2.95
2 .49
7 .59
3 .49
6 .29
11.53
3 .74
3 .75
0
1.80
i The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of food received, food produced
at home, and meals received as pay reported by 5 families, but for which they could not estimate th«
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 457.
284
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
U n
der
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
81
85
93
62
43
$700
and
over
H o u s i n g F a cilities in D w e llin g O ccu p ied at E n d
o f S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented principal home at
end of schedule year______ _________________
414
Av. mo. rental rate at end of schedule year____ $21. 91
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house______________________
1-family semidetached or row house___________
2-family house_______________________________
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)____ ____ _
Dwelling with e le v a to r ..___ _______________
Dwelling with janitor service________________
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling u n it._____ ____________
Toilet: Inside flush__________________________
Outside flush. . . . . _________________
Other t y p e ___ . . . __________________
Sole use of toilet by household________________
Water: Inside dwelling. _ _ _________________
Running___________________________
Hot running________ _____________
N ot running__ ___________________ .
Outside dwelling only________ ______
Sink________________________________________
Electric lig h ts.__
_________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking. . . . ____________
Refrigerator: Electric. _____ ________________
Other mechanical_______ ________
Ice only _______________________
_ _ _______ _______
N o n e __
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat
_______ _
Telephone... _______________________________
Garage.. . . . _________ ________________ ______
Garden sp a c e ____________ _____ . . . ______ _
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
lights, and gas or electricity for cooking.. ___
II. Families in survey, who owned principal home
at end of schedule year___ __________
. . . ___
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house____ ____ _ _________
1-family semidetached or row house ______ _ _
2-family house___
_______ _ ___ _______
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more) ________
Dwelling with elevator. ______ _____ _______
Dwelling with janitor service________________
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling u n it_____________ ______
Toilet: Inside flush.. ______________ _______ _
Outside flush__________________ ______
Other ty p e______________ ____ ________
Sole use of toilet by household________________
Water: Inside d w e llin g .___________ . . . ______
Running. ______ ____ _______ ____ . . .
Hot running __ ___ . __________
N ot running_____ _______
Outside dwelling only________ ___ _
Sink___
_ ______ _ __ _ ___ . . . ____ ____
Electric lights_____ _______ _ _ __________
Gas or electricity for cooking _____________ _
Refrigerator: E lectric.. _ _____ _____ _ _____
Other mechanical.. . __________
Ice only___ ____. . . __________
N one________ . _ ____ _________ .
Hot air, hot water, or steam h ea t.__ . . . _.
Telephone____ ____ ______________________
Garage___ ____________ _____________________
Garden space. ______ . . . ._ ____________ ____
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
lights, and gas or electricity for cooking ___
Notes on this table are in appendix A , p. 458.
50
$18.89 $20. 73 $20.98 $22.15 $24.83 $27.12
23
25
131
235
8
66
7
5
20
49
0
6
6
2
32
45
0
1
3
6
26
58
2
20
6
4
19
33
0
7
1
1
19
22
2
10
0
7
15
28
4
22
368
414
0
0
402
414
414
348
0
0
414
410
355
71
5
333
5
267
102
17
74
63
81
0
0
78
81
81
60
0
0
81
80
60
0
0
77
4
28
8
2
11
75
85
0
0
82
85
85
69
0
0
85
84
68
3
1
80
1
45
7
0
17
81
93
0
0
90
93
93
76
0
0
93
92
79
12
1
80
0
61
16
3
13
60
62
0
0
61
62
62
57
0
0
62
62
58
16
1
45
0
47
24
1
14
40
43
0
0
41
43
43
39
0
0
43
42
40
14
1
28
0
38
16
3
6
49
50
0
0
50
50
50
47
0
0
50
50
50
26
1
23
0
48
31
8
13
304
46
57
64
53
36
48
102
15
15
24
23
8
17
47
3
50
2
0
0
7
1
7
0
0
0
10
0
4
1
0
0
9
1
14
0
0
0
8
1
13
1
0
0
2
0
6
0
0
0
11
0
6
0
0
0
97
102
0
0
100
102
102
92
0
0
102
100
96
24
4
74
0
92
55
37
44
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
13
0
0
15
15
12
1
1
13
0
12
5
2
5
12
15
0
0
14
15
15
15
0
0
15
14
15
6
0
0
12
5
5
7
23
24
0
0
23
24
24
19
0
0
24
23
23
2
1
21
0
22
14
7
10
23
23
0
0
23
23
23
20
0
0
23
23
21
6
0
17
0
21
10
8
10
7
8
0
0
8
8
8
8
0
0
8
8
8
3
0
5
0
8
6
5
1
17
17
0
0
17
17
17
17
0
0
17
17
17
6
2
9
0
17
15
10
11
86
11
13
18
19
8
17
9
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
285
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y.—W HITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
U n
der
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
40
58
78
58
39
$700
and
over
H o u s i n g F a cilities in D w e llin g O ccu p ied at E n d
o f S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented principal home at
end of schedule year__________________________
326
Av. monthly rental rate at end of schedule year. $22.00
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house__________________ ___
1-family semidetached or row house. _ ..
2-family house____________ _________________
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)____ ____
Dwelling with elevator__________ ____ ______
Dwelling with janitor service________________
Number of families’having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit .
Toilet: Inside flu s h _________ ___________
Outside flush____ ___ ___________ ___
Other type______ _ _
__ _________
Sole use of toilet by hou sehold....... ........... . _ _
Water: Inside dwelling_________ _______ ______
Running__ ___ ___ . . . __ _ _ . . . __
Hot running. _ _____ _______ ____
N ot running_________ ___ . . . . . . __
Outside dwelling only_______ ____
_______________. . .
S in k .. _ __ _______
Electric lights__ . . . . ____ _ ___________ _
Gas or electricity for cooking . . . ____________
Refrigerator: Electric________________________
Other mechanical______________
Ice only____ _ _ ___ _
N one_______________________ . . .
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat______________
Telephone. _____ _________ ____ ___ ___________
Garage. _ _
. _______
________
...
Garden space.__ _
___ ___ ______
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
lights, and gas or electricity for cooking
II. Families in survey, who owned principal home at
end of schedule year __ _ _ _ ___________
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house___ ___ _____ _______
1-family semidetached or row house__________
2-family house. __ _ ________ _ __________ __
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)__________
Dwelling with elevator__ _ __ ________ _ __
Dwelling with janitor service_______________
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling u n it___ ____ ________
Toilet: Inside flush _____ _____________ __
Outside flush__ _____________________ _
Other type____ _____ ________________
Sole use of toilet by household _ ______________
Water: Inside dwelling. _________________ _
Running____ ______________ ____ ___
Hot running
___________
N ot r u n n in g _ _____ ______________
_
Outside dwelling only________________
Sink
___
______________
Electric lights. __ _________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking._____ __________ .
Refrigerator: Electric______________________ ..
Other mechanical_______________
Ice only__ . . . ______ _____ ______
N o n e . . . ___ _______ ___________
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat. _ _ _
_ _
Telephone _.
_________
___ ____
Garage.._ . . .
__________________ ________
Garden space._______ ____ _____________ ______
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
light, and gas or electricity for cooking. ___
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468.
53
$17.40 $19.86 $21. 64 $22. 69 $23.82 $26. 27
65
9
209
43
1
7
7
0
29
4
0
0
12
1
39
6
0
0
21
1
49
7
0
1
11
2
34
11
1
2
5
2
23
9
0
o
9
3
35
a
0
4
298
321
1
4
308
326
320
287
6
0
323
324
315
103
1
198
24
182
60
118
79
32
39
0
1
39
40
40
30
0
0
40
39
38
4
0
34
2
12
1
9
8
48
57
0
1
54
58
55
50
3
0
58
57
56
8
0
43
7
24
6
16
13
73
76
1
1
71
78
77
69
1
0
77
78
73
23
0
47
8
45
7
25
23
54
57
0
1
56
58
57
52
1
0
57
58
58
20
0
35
3
36
12
22
7
38
39
0
0
37
39
38
35
1
0
39
39
38
13
1
22
3
24
11
18
10
53
53
0
o
51
53
53
51
0
0
52
53
52
35
0
17
1
41
23
28
18
278
29
48
64
51
35
51
124
11
24
26
27
15
21
81
0
43
0
0
0
5
0
6
0
0
0
17
0
7
0
0
0
16
0
10
0
0
0
18
0
9
0
0
0
12
0
3
0
0
0
13
0
8
0
0
0
124
124
0
0
112
124
123
118
1
0
124
123
121
54
2
64
26
26
0
0
24
26
26
26
0
0
26
26
26
8
0
16
2
17
64
65
27
27
0
0
27
27
27
26
0
0
27
27
26
19
0
8
0
24
15
8
24
24
0
0
20
24
23
22
1
0
24
23
22
5
1
17
1
16
6
12
13
11
15
15
0
0
14
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
9
0
6
0
12
10
8
10
21
21
0
0
17
21
21
21
0
0
21
21
21
13
1
4
11
11
0
0
10
11
11
8
0
0
11
11
11
0
0
11
0
114
8
19
26
25
15
21
94
54
5
1
3
7
13
14
14
6
1
20
15
14
9
286
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
families
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under $300 to $400 to
$400
$600
$300
$600
and
over
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic le v e l —
Families spending
p e r expenditure
All
unit per year
fami
lies
Under $400 to $600
and
$400
$600 over
H o u s i n g F a c ilities in D w e llin g O c c u
p ie d at E n d o f S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented
33
92
6
18
prin. home at end of sched. year. _
35
A v. mo. rental rate at end of sched. yr _ $17.49 $14. 41 $17. 95 $22.03 $19.31
Number of families living in—
24
1 family detached house________
10
1
10
3
1-family semidet. or row house __
13
51
5
22
11
8
5
2
2-family h o u se -----------------1
0
M ult, dwelling (3-fam. or more).
9
2
5
2
0
Dwelling with elevator_______
0
0
0
0
0
Dwelling with janitor service. _
2
1
1
0
0
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit_____
71
21
28
17
5
Toilet: Inside flush. -----------32
82
28
17
5
Outside f lu s h __________
2
2
0
0
0
Other type_____________
1
1
8
5
1
Sole use of toilet by household—_
89
35
30
18
6
Water: Inside dwelling________
5
91
35
33
18
Running— __________
33
18
5
91
35
Hot r u n n in g ______
67
18
27
17
5
N ot r u n n in g ________
0
0
0
0
0
Outside dwelling only__
1
0
0
0
1
Sink._________________________
32
91
35
18
6
Electric lights_________________
34
33
91
18
6
Gas or electricity for cooking___
22
27
5
71
17
Refrigerator: Electric------6
15
2
5
2
Other mechanical0
0
0
0
0
ice only-----------52
19
17
12
4
1
N one____________
25
14
10
0
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat.
65
16
27
5
17
Telephone-------- ----------5
5
20
5
5
Garage..
__ _______ __ _.
4
7
19
6
2
Garden space____ _______ _____
13
5
35
16
1
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot
water, electric lights, gas or
electricity for cooking______
25
63
16
17
5
II. Families in survey, who owned
prin. home end of sched. year...
13
12
31
5
61
Number of families living in
i-family detached house........... .
9
41
5
20
7
1-family semidetached or row
4
11
5
house
-_
_____ _______
20
0
2-family house______ ________
0
0
0
0
0
M ult, dwelling (3-fam. or more).
0
0
0
0
0
D welling with elevator_______
0
0
0
0
0
D welling with janitor service..
0
0
0
0
0
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling u n it_____
24
13
11
5
53
Toilet: Inside flush......... .............
5
58
29
13
11
Outside flush___________
0
0
0
0
0
Other type_____________
2
0
1
0
3
11
5
Sole use of toilet by household—
13
60
31
12
5
Water: Inside dwelling________
61
13
31
Running. __________
13
12
5
61
31
12
5
Hot r u n n in g ______
21
11
49
N ot running_______ _
0
0
0
0
0
Outside dwelling o n ly ...
0
0
0
0
0
S in k ... -. _______ _______
12
13
5
61
31
Electric lig h ts.__________
___
12
5
13
31
61
13
11
5
Gas or electricity for cooking___
48
19
4
Refrigerator: Electric__________
2
3
7
16
0
0
Other m echanical..
0
0
0
9
3
1
Ice only__________
17
30
2
N one_____________
12
1
0
15
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat.
23
12
10
5
50
Telephone. __________________
24
6
6
7
5
5
3
2
Garage____________ _____ _____
19
9
41
21
9
8
3
Garden space_________________
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot
water, electric light, and gas
11
5
12
46
18
or electricity for cooking___
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468.
81
40
23
18
$20.62 $18.04 $21. 62 $25.07
3
54
9
15
0
9
1
32
2
5
0
1
2
13
3
5
0
4
0
9
4
5
0
4
75
77
2
2
77
80
80
71
0
1
77
80
73
17
0
60
4
69
17
6
30
35
38
1
1
39
40
40
35
0
0
38
39
34
4
0
32
4
32
6
1
14
22
21
1
1
21
22
22
19
0
1
21
23
22
7
0
16
0
20
7
4
10
18
18
0
0
17
18
18
17
0
0
18
18
17
6
0
12
0
17
4
1
6
65
30
19
16
70
35
23
12
5
3
2
0
62
3
0
0
0
32
0
0
0
0
19
2
0
0
0
11
1
0
0
0
69
69
1
0
69
70
70
64
0
0
70
69
68
20
0
50
0
66
36
17
46
34
34
1
0
35
35
35
29
0
0
35
34
33
8
0
27
0
31
15
8
19
23
23
0
0
22
23
23
23
0
0
23
23
23
4
0
19
0
23
13
7
19
12
12
0
0
12
12
12
12
0
0
12
12
12
8
0
4
0
12
8
2
8
64
29
23
12
287
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W HITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u s i n g F a cilities I n D w e llin g O ccu p ied at E n d o f
S ch edu le Y e a r
I . Families in survey, who rented principal home
at end of schedule year_______________________
106
18
33
30
25
Av. monthly rental rate at end of schedule year.
$17.93
$15. 64
$18. 02
$18. 85
$18.32
10
10
0
0
2
2
6
3
18
5
0
4
16
0
4
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house______________________
1family semidetached or row house_
2family house_____________________
Multiple dwelling (3-family or more)__________
Dwelling w ith elevator_____________________
Dwelling w ith janitor service_______________
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit___________________
Toilet: Inside flush__________________________
Outside flush_________________ _______
Other type_____________________ _____
Sole use of toilet by household___ _____ _______
Water: Inside dwelling_______________________
Running___________________________
Hot running_____ ________________
N ot running_______________________
Outside dwelling only________________
Sink_________________________ _____ _________
Electric lights_______________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking_________________
Refrigerator: Electric.............. ..............................
Other mechanical............................
Ice only.............. ..............................
N one__________________________
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat.____ ________
Telephone__________________________________
Garage------------------------------------------Garden space_______________________________
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
light, and gas or electricity for cooking______
II. Families in survey, who owned principal home
at end of schedule year-------------------------Number of families living in—
1-family detached house______________________
1family semidetached or row house_
2family house_____________________
Multiple dwelling (3-family or more)__________
Dwelling with elevator_____________________
Dwelling w ith janitor service_____________
Number of families having—_
Bathroom in dwelling unit___________________
Toilet: Inside flush................................... ...........
Outside flush_______________ _________
Other typ e__________________________
Sole use of toilet by household________________
Water: Inside dwelling_______________________
Running___________________________
Hot running_____________________
N ot running_______________________
Outside dwelling only________________
Sink_______________________ _____ __________
Electric lights_______________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking_________________
Refrigerator: Electric________________________
Other mechanical_______________
Ice only--------------------------None__________________________
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat.........................
Telephone______________________________ ___
Garage---------------------------------------Garden space......... ................................................
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
light, and gas or electricity for cooking-----Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
68
0
6
100
106
0
0
104
106
103
55
3
0
106
103
84
8
1
95
2
27
25
13
26
6
2
8
23
0
0
17
0
1
17
18
0
0
18
18
18
7
0
0
18
18
13
0
0
17
1
31
33
0
0
33
33
31
15
30
30
0
0
28
30
29
16
1
0
30
30
24
1
0
4
6
12
0
0
2
2
0
33
30
24
1
0
31
1
9
2
22
25
0
0
25
25
25
17
0
0
0
28
0
5
1
19
0
8
12
8
3
7
4
10
6
6
5
44
5
10
13
16
40
7
18
11
4
33
1
6
0
1
0
0
0
15
1
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
7
7
0
0
7
7
7
16
17
0
1
18
17
17
9
10
0
1
11
11
11
1
18
17
11
11
6
0
0
0
36
38
0
2
40
39
39
28
0
1
40
39
25
8
0
27
5
32
19
25
33
20
6
0
0
7
7
4
0
0
5
2
6
4
5
5
4
2
2
16
0
9
4
4
9
4
4
0
0
4
4
4
4
0
0
4
4
4
1
0
3
0
3
3
4
3
7
5
4
11
0
10
4
0
11
3
14
8
12
7
0
0
7
3
0
8
288
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
H o u s i n g F a cilities in D w e llin g O ccu p ied at E n d o f
S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented principal home at
end of schedule year_____________________ . . .
252
Av. monthly rental rate at end of schedule year. $24. 39
Number of families living in—
5
1-family detached house____________________
1-family semidetached or row house___________
208
2-family house--- __ ----------------------7
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)_________
32
Dwelling with elevator. ________________
3
Dwelling with janitor service . . . __________
27
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling un it. _
. . . ______ . . .
243
241
Toilet: Inside flush____ _________ _______
Outside flush. _ _ --------------------5
Other ty p e__________________________
6
Sole use of toilet by household________________
236
Water: Inside dwelling--- . . . ----------------250
R unning__________________________
250
H ot running------ --------------232
N ot running___
_________________
0
Outside dwelling only_______________
2
251
S in k -------------------- --------------------246
Electric lig h ts..
------ -------------- .
Gas or electricity for cooking------- -----------243
59
Refrigerator: Electric --- ----- ------------Other mechanical_______________
4
Ice only_______________________
186
N o n e ... . ------- ------------- ..
3
H ot air, hot water, or steam heat____ _____ _.
242
Telephone----- -------- --------------------51
36
Garage______
__ ------------- .
----Garden space..
-------------- ---------83
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
light, and gas or electricity for cooking____
224
II. Families in survey, who owned principal home at
end of schedule year__________ _ _ ___ _ _
246
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house---. . . ----- -----7
1-family semidetached or row house________ ._
236
2-family house---------------- ---- . . .
2
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)_________
1
Dwelling with elevator__
_ _ ___________
1
Dwelling with janitor ser v ic e ______________
0
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit _. _______ . . . . .
240
Toilet: Inside flush_____ ____________________
241
Outside flush.
__ ______ _______
2
Other ty p e___ _______________________
3
Sole use of toilet by household. _ ____________
244
Water: Inside dwelling. _
____________ _
246
R unn ing.________ _ . . . . . . ______
245
Hot running. __________________
231
N ot running_______________________
1
Outside dwelling only. _____________
0
Sink _ _____________ _____ _____________
245
Electric lights___ _ __
______ ________
245
Gas or electricity for cooking______ _ ______
241
Refrigerator: Electric________________________
79
Other mechanical_______________
12
Ice only_____ ________________
151
N one.
_______
_________
4
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat_____________
238
T elephone.._ _
_________ _ ___________
76
Garage______ . __________________________
36
Garden space
. . . . __ _______________
111
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric
light, and gas or electricity for cooking . . . _
223
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p.458.
51
50
38
33
30
$20. 78 $22. 56 $25. 06 $25.49 $24.88
50
$28.40
2
46
3
0
0
0
1
43
0
6
0
5
1
34
0
3
0
3
0
24
3
6
0
5
0
23
1
6
0
3
1
38
0
11
3
11
47
45
4
2
46
50
50
43
0
1
50
48
48
4
1
46
0
47
4
1
22
47
48
1
1
47
50
50
45
0
0
50
47
46
4
0
44
2
48
5
4
16
38
38
0
37
38
38
36
0
0
38
38
38
6
0
32
0
37
4
5
12
32
32
0
1
30
33
33
30
0
0
33
33
33
12
0
21
0
32
10
7
7
30
30
0
0
27
30
30
29
0
0
30
30
29
9
0
20
1
28
9
5
7
49
48
0
2
49
49
49
49
0
1
50
50
49
24
3
28
0
50
19
14
19
40
41
36
30
29
48
57
46
44
37
30
32
0
56
0
1
1
0
2
44
0
0
0
0
3
41
0
0
0
0
1
35
1
0
0
0
1
29
0
0
0
0
0
31
1
0
0
0
53
52
2
3
57
57
56
49
1
0
57
57
54
3
1
52
1
51
5
4
23
45
46
0
0
45
46
46
43
0
0
46
45
46
7
5
33
1
44
8
4
16
44
44
0
0
44
44
44
44
0
0
43
44
43
19
0
23
2
44
14
9
17
37
37
0
0
37
37
37
34
0
0
37
37
36
19
0
18
0
37
17
3
14
30
30
0
0
29
30
30
30
0
0
30
30
30
16
1
13
0
30
15
8
21
31
32
0
0
32
32
32
31
0
0
32
32
32
15
5
12
0
32
17
8
20
44
42
43
33
30
31
$
289
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N EGRO FA M ILIES
Item
All
families
E co n o m ic le v e l—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
$400
to
$600
Under
$400
$600
and
over
H o u s i n g Fa cilities in D w e llin g O ccu p ied at E n d o f S ch edu le Y e a r
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
84
$20.10
____50
$19.94
24
$20. 91
___ 10
0
0
39
1
0
2
20
6
0
3
0
9
0
1
0
1
78
80
47
47
68
14
0
2
2
68
84
84
73
0
0
83
80
65
3
0
81
0
72
3
10
2
1
44
50
50
42
0
0
49
47
38
1
0
49
0
41
1
1
3
0
2
21
23
0
1
18
24
24
22
0
0
24
23
19
1
0
23
0
21
1
$18.97
10
10
0
0
6
10
10
9
0
0
10
10
8
3
1
0
9
0
10
1
0
0
32
18
7
5
7
5
0
17
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
17
17
0
0
17
17
17
17
0
0
17
17
17
3
0
14
0
17
7
0
3
5
5
0
0
5
5
5
5
0
0
5
5
5
0
0
5
0
5
1
0
1
7
7
0
0
7
7
7
7
0
0
7
7
7
0
0
7
0
7
©^O rOtoO C O O iC nC nO O O iC nO tC uO O C JTC n
I. Families in survey, who rented principal home at end of
schedule year_________________________________________
Average monthly rental rate at end of schedule year_______
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house_______________________________
1family semidetached or row house___________
2family house----------------------------------M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)___________________
Dwelling with elevator______________________________
Dwelling with janitor service_________________________
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling u n it_________________ ___________
Toilet: Inside flush____________________________________
Outside flush__________________________________
Other typ e____ _______________________________
Sole use of toilet by household----------------------------Water: Inside dwelling------------------------------------Running____________________________________
Hot running_______________________________
N ot running_________________________________
Outside dwelling only__________________________
Sink_________________________________________________
Electric lights________________________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking___________________________
Refrigerator: Electric_________________________________
Other mechanical________________________
Ice o n ly .________________________________
N o n e ..._________________________________
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat___________________
Telephone____________________________________________
Garage_______________________________________________
Garden space----------------------------------------------Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric light, and
gas or electricity for cooking________________________
II. Families in survey, who owned principal home at end of
schedule year_________________________________________
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house_______________________________
1family semidetached or row house___________
2-family house_______________ . _______________________
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)___________________
Dwelling with elevator______________________________
Dwelling with janitor service_________________________
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling u n it____________________________
Toilet: Inside flush___________________________________
Outside flush__________________________________
Other typ e____________________________________
Sole use of toilet by household-_________________________
Water: Inside dwelling._---------------------------------Running____________________________________
Hot running_______________________________
N ot running________________________________
Outside dwelling only_________________________
S in k ...______________________________________________
Electric lights________________________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking___________________________
Refrigerator: Electric_________________________________
Other mechanical________________________
Ice only_________________________________
N one___________________________________
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat_______________________
Telephone___________________________________________
Garage_______________________________________________
Garden space_________________________________________
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric light, and
gas or electricity for cooking________________________
17
5
7
5
2
2
57
17
2
0
2
0
1
1
5
290
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
9,— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
PIT T S B U R G H , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to
$400
$500
$600
$600 to $700
and
$700
over
H o u s in g F a cilities in D w e llin g O c cu p ied at E n d
o f S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented principal
home at end of schedule y e a r ------------
205
36
46
41
34
25
23
Av. mo. rental rate at end of sched. year---
$24.51
$19.47
$21.45
$24. 70
$26.88
$26. 72
$30.54
72
59
36
38
2
11
13
14
3
6
0
0
14
17
8
7
0
0
13
13
6
9
0
3
17
8
7
2
2
1
8
3
9
5
0
3
7
4
3
9
4
0
172
191
5
9
171
205
205
158
0
0
205
204
199
85
3
109
8
122
74
42
67
28
32
2
2
29
36
36
21
0
0
36
35
35
6
0
25
5
14
3
2
10
39
43
0
3
36
46
46
36
0
0
46
46
44
15
0
31
0
24
10
3
13
32
36
2
3
33
41
41
31
0
0
41
41
39
19
0
21
1
24
14
5
15
29
32
1
1
28
34
34
24
0
0
34
34
34
17
1
14
2
24
17
11
14
21
25
0
0
22
25
25
23
0
0
25
25
24
16
0
9
0
19
12
7
7
23
23
0
0
23
23
23
23
0
0
23
23
23
12
2
9
0
17
18
14
8
23
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house................... ..........
1-family semidetached or row house....... .
2-family house____ _ _________________
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)........
Dwelling with elevator__________ ____
Dwelling with janitor service.............. .
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit___ __________
Toilet: Inside flu s h .--------------------Outside flush...................................
Other typ e.......................................
Sole use of toilet by household-.............. .
Water: Inside dwelling---------------Running _____________ ______
Hot ru n n in g_________ j ____
N ot running_______ ____ _____
Outside dwelling only__________
Sink__________________________________
Electric lights. __ -----------------------Gas or electricity for cooking......................
Refrigerator: Electric................................
Other mechanical_________
Ice only__________________
N one____________________
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat_______
Telephone_____ ____________________
Garage_______________________________
Garden sp a c e _________________________
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water,
electric light, gas or elec, for cooking_
II. Families in survey, who owned principal
home at end of schedule year.. ___ _
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house_______________
1-family semidetached or row house___
* 2 family house____ __________________
Multiple dwelling (3-family or more)____
Dwelling with elevator_______________
Dwelling with janitor service_________
Number of families having:
Bathroom in dwelling u n it______ _______
Toilet: Inside flush__________ ____ _____
Outside flush.. ________________
Other type_________ ___________
Sole use of toilet by household__________
Water: Inside dwelling________ _____ _
Running____ ________________
Hot running_______________
N ot running______ _______ ___
Outside dwelling only__________
Sink__________________________________
Electric lights_________________________
Gas or electricity for cooking..................
Refrigerator: Electric________ ____ _____
Other mechanical........... .
Ice only............. ....................
N one.............. .......................
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat..............
Telephone....... ........................................ .
Garage...... ..................... ..........................
Garden space................................................
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water,
electric light, and gas or electricity for
cooking_________ ______ ________ _
Notes on this table ere in appendix A, p. 458.
153
21
33
30
24
22
141
39
30
24
20
13
15
105
25
9
2
0
0
28
8
2
1
0
0
25
3
• 2
0
0
0
21
3
0
0
0
0
9
9
2
0
0
0
11
1
0
1
0
0
11
1
3
0
0
0
123
140
0
1
129
141
141
120
0
0
141
139
141
44
4
91
2
98
75
46
83
28
39
0
0
39
39
39
26
0
0
39
37
39
6
0
32
1
19
5
11
25
27
30
0
0
28
30
30
29
0
0
30
30
30
7
0
22
1
25
15
8
16
22
23
0
1
23
24
24
21
0
0
24
24
24
7
0
17
0
14
19
5
16
20
20
0
0
17
20
20
19
0
0
20
20
20
9
1
10
0
17
14
8
10
11
13
0
0
9
13
13
10
0
0
13
13
13
5
1
7
0
11
8
4
7
15
15
0
0
13
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
10
2
3
0
12
14
10
9
119
26
29
20
19
10
15
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
291
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— C ontinued
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
Portland, Maine—White
families
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to $600
and
$400
$600 over
H o u s i n g F a cilities in D w e llin g O c c u p ied at
E n d o f S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented principal
41
85
1
2
32
home at end of schedule y ea r.____ _____
Av. mo. rental rate at end of sched. year... $19.85 $19.12 $19. 54 $23.17
Number of families living in—
1
2
5
1
-family detached house______ ______
2
5
20
31
1
-family semidetached or row house___
7
4
24
8
14
2
2-family house_________ ___________ __
18
8
6
Multiple dwelling (3-family or more)___
4
1
0
1
Dwelling with elevator---------------0
1
0
Dwelling with janitor service________
0
1
Number of families having—
67
31
Bathroom in dwelling un it______________
26
1
0
77
35
Toilet: Inside flush_______________ ___
31
1
1
5
7
1
1
Outside flush________ ______ _
1
1
Other typ e___________________
0
0
6
6
33
25
8
Sole use of toilet by household___
41
85
32
1
2
Water: Inside dwelling______ _________
41
85
Running___________________
32
1
2
62
26
Hot running________. . . __
25
1
1
0
0
N ot running__ _ _________
0
0
0
0
Outside dwelling only______
0
0
41
85
32
1
2
Sink_______________ ________________
81
38
31
1
2
Electric lights_____ _________________
73
30
1
2
Gas or electricity for cooking__________
31
9
4
4
Refrigerator: Electric______________
1
0
0
Other mechanical________
0
0
76
37
Ice only_________________
31
8
0
0
N one_____ ____________
0
0
1
1
6
4
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat_____
1
18
7
6
5
Telephone___________________________
6
3
Garage______________________________
3
0
1
0
5
Garden space_____ ________ _________
5
0
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toliet, running hot water,
52
20
2
1
1
1
elec, light, gas or elec, for cooking..
II. Families in survey, who owned principal
1
2
8
3
1
home at end of schedule year__________
Number of families living in—
6
3
2
1
1
-family detached house_________ . . _
5
4
1
0
1
-family semidetached or row h o u se _
_
1
1
0
0
2-family house__ ___________ ______
0
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more)___
0
0
0
0
0
Dwelling with elevator_____ ________
0
0
0
0
0
Dwelling with janitor service________
0
Number of families having—
3
1
1
0
6
Bathroom in dwelling unit. ................. ...
1
2
3
8
1
Toilet: Inside flush--------------- -----0
Outside flush . . . ---------- . . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other type. _________________
1
2
1
8
3
Sole use of toilet by household____ ____
1
1
2
8
3
Water: Inside dwelling_______________
1
2
3
1
R u n n in g ______
. . . _____
8
1
1
7
3
1
Hot running.__ ______
0
0
0
0
N ot runn ing... ____________
0
0
0
0
Outside dwelling o n ly ________
1
2
1
8
3
Sink________________________________
1
2
1
8
3
Electric lights________________________
1
2
3
1
8
Gas or electricity for cooking______.
2
1
1
0
Refrigerator: Electric___ ________ _____
0
Other mechanical________
0
0
0
2
1
1
0
7
Ice only_________________
0
0
0
0
None___________________
7
4
2
1
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat______
7
4
2
1
Telephone___________________________
3
3
0
0
Garage_________________ ___________
1
1
5
3
Garden space______________ ____ _____
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water,
electric light, and gas or electricity
1
1
7
1
3
for cooking_______ _______ --------Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
117
57
35
25
$22.42 $19.58 $23. 66 $27.14
13
5
48
51
7
3
22
4
1
2
1
25
9
0
1
17
13
103
116
47
56
32
35
24
25
117
117
99
54
57
57
44
33
35
35
30
25
25
25
25
56
57
35
35
25
25
1
0
* 1
12
1
0
0
116
117
42
16
0
94
7
84
44
23
24
0
1
0
0
1
0
2
0
49
6
34
13
8
1
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
29
1
29
18
7
9
34
0
2
0
.0
0
8
0
1
0
0
0
14
33
36
7
9
14
15
36
36
36
34
9
9
9
15
15
15
15
36
36
23
9
9
4
15
15
1
2
2
19
3
30
25
27
2
0
23
1
0
6
2
6
5
5
3
4
2
2
9
0
0
2
1
16
13
8
4
8
15
8
0
0
0
0
1
1
9
9
0
0
0
0
9
9
36
0
0
1
6
2
1
1
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
2
0
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
0
0
1
2
1
2
8
5
0
7
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
8
39
0
0
13
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
2
6
1
13
1
0
1
1
292
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able 9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
Rochester, N. Y
Economic
level—
Families spending
per expenditure
All
unit per year
fami
lies
$600
Under $400
to
and
$400
$600
over
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
43
76
$600
and
over
H o u s i n g F a cilities in D w e llin g O ccu
p ie d at E n d o f S ch edu le Y e a r
I. Families in survey, who rented
prin. home at end of sched. year
171
62
65
44
Average monthly rental rate at end
of schedule year____ __________ $25. 77 $23. 25 $25. 43 $29.82
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house_______
61
22
25
14
28
1family semidet. or row house.. _ 11
12
5
49
2family house_______
20
15
14
M ult, dwelling (3-fam. or more) _
33
9
11
13
Dwelling w ith elevator_______
2
0
0
2
10
Dwelling with janitor service..
6
4
0
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling un it_____
171
65
45
61
170
Toilet: Inside flush____________
65
44
61
Outside flush__________
0
0
0
0
1
Other typ e____________
1
0
0
165
Sole use of toilet by household. __
59
63
43
171
Water: Inside dwelling________
62
65
44
171
Running_________
62
65
44
Hot running_______
166
59
63
44
N ot running_________
0
0
0
0
Outside dwelling o n ly ...
0
0
0
0
170
62
65
43
Sink__________________________
171
Electric lights_________________
62
65
44
171
Gas or electricity for cooking___
62
65
44
17
0
6
11
Refrigerator: Electric__________
Other mechanical..
0
0
0
0
Ice only----------136
54
32
50
N one____________
1
18
8
9
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat.
166
59
63
44
33
Telephone____________________
6
11
16
81
Garage_______________________
34
29
18
89
Garden space_________________
35
32
22
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot
water, electric light, gas or elec,
for cooking__________________
166
59
63
44
II. Families in survey, who owned
130
33
50
47
prin. home at end of sched. year.
Number of families living in—
119
45
46
1-family detached house________
28
1family semidetached or row
1
1
0
0
house_______________________
0
0
0
0
2family house_______
4
2
M ult, dwelling (3-fam. or more).
10
4
0
0
0
Dwelling with elevator_______
0
1
1
0
0
Dwelling with janitor service._
Number of families having—
32
128
45
Bathroom in dwelling u n it_____
51
129
47
32
50
Toilet: Inside flush____________
0
0
0
0
Outside flush__________
1
1
0
0
Other ty p e-------------49
47
128
32
Sole use of toilet by household. _.
130
33
50
47
Water: Inside dwelling________
47
33
Running____________
130
50
49
47
125
29
H ot running_______
N ot running_________
0
0
0
0
0
Outside dwelling only__
0
0
0
47
130
33
50
Sink__________________________
47
129
32
50
Electric lights_________________
127
32
48
47
Gas or electricity for cooking___
15
23
2
6
Refrigerator: Electric__________
0
Other mechanical..
0
0
0
29
29
98
Ice only----------40
9
2
4
3
N one____________
47
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat.
127
30
50
63
9
22
32
Telephone____________________
33
79
15
31
Garage_______________________
39
35
99
25
Garden space_________________
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot
water, electric light, gas or elec.
47
26
47
120
for cooking__________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
176
25
32
$23.69 $20.09 $22.87 $23. 56 $27.92
29
32
75
40
0
8
5
8
9
3
0
1
7
8
20
8
0
1
14
11
31
20
0
3
3
5
15
9
0
3
145
164
2
10
162
176
171
133
5
0
175
175
114
22
3
120
31
112
35
39
88
17
20
0
5
23
25
25
16
0
0
25
24
6
1
0
19
5
12
1
2
14
33
39
0
4
41
43
43
22
0
0
42
43
28
4
1
29
9
24
3
7
22
64
73
2
1
67
76
71
65
5
0
76
76
53
4
2
59
11
51
19
19
39
31
32
0
0
31
32
32
30
0
0
32
32
27
13
0
13
6
25
12
11
13
26
90
4
16
44
55
13
15
19
8
37
9
10
12
6
3
14
1
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
5
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
46
51
0
4
54
55
54
42
1
0
55
55
38
5
0
41
9
42
23
28
48
11
12
0
1
13
13
12
7
1
0
13
13
6
0
0
10
3
6
3
6
10
11
12
0
3
14
15
15
12
0
0
15
15
9
2
0
9
4
12
4
6
13
17
19
0
0
19
19
19
15
0
0
19
19
15
2
0
15
2
16
10
9
19
7
8
0
0
8
8
8
8
0
0
8
8
8
1
0
7
0
8
6
7
6
30
4
6
12
8
293
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
9.— Housing facilities, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fam
ilies
Economic
1 e v e 1—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u s i n g F a cilities in D w e llin g O c c u p ied at E n d o f Sch edu le Y ea r
I. Families in survey, who rented principal home at end of sched
ule y e a r _____ __________________ _________________ _ _
Average monthly rental rate at end of schedule year__ ______
Number of families living in—
1-family detached house________
__ _ _____ ________ _
1-family semidetached or row house ___ ______ __ _ _
2-family house ___________ ____________ ______________
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more) _ _______ _____ _ _
Dwelling with elevator____
______________ ____ . . .
Dwelling with janitor service __ __ _____________ ____
Number of families’having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit
__
_
_______
Toilet: Inside flush._ . ______ __________ ________ . . .
Outside flush. _ __ __
__ __
_______ ____
Other typ e_________ _____ ___________ . . . . .
Sole use of toilet by household ____
._ ______ _____
Water: Inside dwelling. __ ____________ __ _____ __
Running
__ ___
__ _ __ __ _ ______
Hot r u n n in g ..._______ _ ______ _______ _
N ot running_______
_ _ __ . . . ______ ____
Outside dwelling o n ly _ ________ _______________
Sink________________ _________________________________
Electric lig h ts.____ _ _______ _______ _ ________ ______
Gas or electricity for cooking ___________ ____________
Refrigerator: Electric_____
______ ____ _____ _______
Other mechanical. ___________ _____ ____
Ice only. __
__ _ __________ ____
______ ___
______ _______ ____
None
Hot air, hot water, or steam heat____________ _ _ ______
T e le p h o n e ..__________ _. . . ____ ___ ___ ______ _
Garage_____ ___ _ . . .
_ _ _ __ ________ ___ ____
Garden space.. _____ _________ _______________
_____
Each of the following items:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric light, and
gas or electricity for cooking _ __ __ __ _ ________ _
II. Families in survey, who owned principal home at end of
schedule year _
_ _ _ _ _ _________
_________
Number of families living in—
_____ ___ _
1-family detached house
.
_ __ __
1-family semidetached or row house. _ ____ ________
2-family h o u se _____ ____ _____ _________ ___ ___ __
M ultiple dwelling (3-family or more) ___________ _
Dwelling with elevator___ _
_ _ _ _ _._ _ __ __
Dwelling with janitor service________________ ______
Number of families having—
Bathroom in dwelling unit ______ _______
T oilet- Inside flu s h ________ _
_ ______ _ _ _ _ _
Outside flush
_ __ _____ ___ _
Other type
_ _______ ____ - ___
Sole use of toilet by household
__ ___ _______ ____
____ _____ __ W ater- Inside dwelling
Running
_
_ _ ________
___
Hot running..
......................... .... ...
N ot running___ __ _ _ __ _______ ___ ___ _
Outside dwelling only
___ ___ _ _ _
Sink
_ __________ ___ _____ _
_______ ____ _ Electric lights __ _
_____
__ __ _____ _______ Gas or electricity for cooking
________ ___
Refrigerator- Electric
_ _
_ __ _ ___ _______
Other m echanical___ _______ _________
Ice only
_ ________ _________________
None
._ _
_ ________ ____ ______ H ot air, hot water, or steam heat
______ ______ _
Telephone
_ ____________________
Garage
__ _______ _____________ _______
Garden space _____
__ ___ _____ ___ _ -- _________
Each of the following item s:
Inside flush toilet, running hot water, electric light, and
gas or electricity for cooking---------------------------N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
182
57
78
47
$24.18
$21. 91
$24. 31
$26.72
28
6
103
45
0
29
14
3
31
9
0
3
9
1
48
20
0
13
5
2
24
16
0
13
175
182
0
0
180
182
182
142
0
0
182
179
135
37
3
138
4
131
50
57
46
53
57
0
0
56
57
57
37
0
0
57
56
52
3
0
52
2
33
9
8
22
76
78
0
0
77
78
78
64
0
0
78
76
38
18
2
56
2
58
23
27
16
46
47
0
0
47
47
47
41
0
0
47
47
45
16
1
30
0
40
18
22
8
112
36
38
38
66
24
21
21
50
0
16
0
0
0
19
0
5
0
0
0
17
0
4
0
0
0
14
0
7
0
0
0
63
64
0
2
66
66
66
59
0
0
66
65
52
16
0
48
2
58
32
38
44
22
23
0
1
24
24
24
20
0
0
24
23
14
0
0
23
1
19
4
10
19
20
20
0
1
21
21
21
18
0
0
21
21
17
6
0
14
1
18
9
11
13
21
21
0
0
21
21
21
21
0
0
21
21
21
10
0
11
0
21
19
17
12
47
12
14
21
294
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All
families
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to $500 to $600 to
$500
$600
$700
$700
and
over
H o u s i n g E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey 1__ _______ ________
Av. no. of persons in economic family___
Average number of persons in household___
Number of families investing in:
Principal home................... .......................
Vacation home.............. ......................... .
Families having current expenditure for—
Owned principal home:
Taxes _________ ________ ___ ________
Assessments................... ...........................
Repairs and replacements.......................
Fire insurance on home.......... .................
Liability insurance on home...................
Ground rent..............................................
Interest on mortgages. ............................
Refinancing charges.................................
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)...........
Repairs by tenant.....................................
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home.............................
Rent on vacation or trips................... .
Rent at school _ _ ........................ .
Av. amt. invested during scheduleyr.in owned:
Principal home, total--------------------Payt. on prin. of mtg. and down payt.
Improvements on home______________
Vacation home____ ____________________
Average current expenditure for—
Owned principal home, total___________
Taxes. _____________________________
A ssessm ents________________________
Repairs and replacements____________
Fire insurance on home_______________
Liability insurance on home__________
Ground r e n t ____ __________________
Interest on mortgages _ _______ _____
Refinancing charges__________________
Rented principal home, total___________
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_______
Repairs by te n a n t ._______ __________
Secondary housing, total. _____________
Owned vacation home________________
Rent on vacation or trips_____________
Rent at sch o o l______________________
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it...
Families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms_______________ ______
4 rooms. _______________________ _____
5rooms__ ___________________ _____ _
6 rooms_______________________________
7 rooms or more___ _ _________________
I I . F am .who owned their prin. home for 12 m o.
Av. no. of persons in economic family.
Average number of persons in household _..
Number of families who invested during the
schedule year in owned principal home___
Av. amt. invested during schedule yr, total.
Payt. on prin. of mtg. and down payt.
Improvements on hom e________________
Av. current housing expenditures on owned
prin. home, total. _____________ ... ..
Taxes
______________________________
Assessments. _ _______________________
Repairs and replacements______________
Fire insurance on h o m e _______ ________
Liability insurance on home____________
Ground rent__________________________
Interest on mortgages. _______ _______ _
Refinancing c h a r g e s...................... ...........
516
4.00
4.29
96
6.37
6.19
1.00
4.43
4.78
117
3.83
4.07
85
3.45
3.86
51
2.80
3.07
67
2.39
2.67
58
2
10
0
8
0
15
0
16
0
1
1
8
1
102
9
54
54
1
0
83
3
15
1
5
8
1
0
13
2
15
1
7
6
0
0
12
0
24
2
15
16
0
0
18
0
23
3
10
15
0
0
21
1
8
0
6
5
0
0
6
0
17
2
11
4
0
0
13
0
415
6
82
1
85
1
93
1
62
0
43
2
50
1
2
32
1
0
1
0
0
4
0
0
8
0
0
2
0
1
3
0
1
14
1
$18.14
16.47
1.67
.07
$17.29
17.29
0
0
$11.43
11.43
0
0
$19.81
15.43
4.38
0
$28.82
24.69
4.13
0
$2.42 $24.92
2. 42 24.92
0
0
.63
0
55.10
23.74
1.14
7. 35
1.89
.02
0
20.63
.33
263.01
262. 74
.27
1.09
.10
.90
.09
5.38
38.67
17.54
.05
3.86
1.27
.12
0
14. 55
1.28
226.11
226.10
.01
.01
0
.01
0
5.54
34.61
15.85
.25
6.69
1.03
0
0
10. 79
0
249.45
249. 30
.15
.39
0
.39
0
5. 21
50.16
21.09
.70
6. 35
2.44
0
0
19.58
0
249. 71
249. 55
.16
1.11
0
1.11
0
5. 41
90.67
34. 71
4.43
10.10
3. 46
0
0
37. 39
.58
268.17
268.17
0
.32
0
.32
0
5. 69
40.86 83.68
20.05 37. 93
0
1.49
5. 52 13.00
1.97
1.08
0
0
0
0
13. 32 30.18
0
0
302. 38 322.90
300. 60 322. 72
1.78
.18
4.05
1.83
.38
.48
1.45
2.88
.69
0
4.84
5. 37
45
83
169
133
86
101
4.16
4.56
2
15
33
28
18
14
6.76
6.81
8
19
36
26
11
15
4. 51
4. 72
12
17
36
33
19
24
4.38
4.89
4
6
37
18
20
23
3.88
4.30
57
$90.89
82. 34
8. 55
9
$105.47
105. 47
0
8
$76.18
76.18
0
15
16
$96. 59 $106. 50
75. 25
91.23
21.34
15. 27
278. 61
120. 27
5.82
36.76
9.67
.11
0
104.82
1.16
243. 78
112.88
.32
20. 75
8.68
.79
0
95.53
4.83
230. 66
105.68
1. 65
44. 57
6.85
0
0
71.91
0
244. 51
102. 82
3. 43
30. 95
11.88
0
0
95.43
0
335. 06
128. 26
16. 36
37. 32
12.80
0
0
138.18
2.14
8
14
9
15
5
8
3.04
3.44
11
12
18
13
13
17
2.33
3.01
1
8
$15. 44 $98. 22
15. 44 98. 22
0
0
260.50 329.83
127.83 149.50
0
5.89
35.16 51.23
12. 57
4. 25
0
0
0
0
84.94 118.96
0
0
i The total families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown (i. e. home owners, house
renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with heat not included in rent)
and families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
295
TABULAE SUM M ARY
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
H o u s i n g E x p e n d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal home
for 12 months—Continued.
Average estimated annual rental value____
Average imputed income from equity in
owned principal home_________________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit. __
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 room s.. . _________________
4 rooms_______________________________
5 rooms__________ _____________________
6 rooms___ __________________________
7 rooms or more____ ____ _____ ____ ____
III. Families who rented house for 12 months_.
Average number of persons in economic
family_______ _____ _______________
Average number of persons in household___
All
families
$418.75
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, total___________ _ . . .
Rent (gross rent less concessions)________
Repairs by tenant ___________________
Average monthly rental rate_____________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit—.
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 rooms_________ _________
4 ro o m s__________________ __ ____ _ . . .
5 ro o m s...................................................
6 rooms_________ _____ ________________
7 rooms or more______________ _____ ___
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458
5 3 9 5 9 ° — 3 9 ---- 2 0
$700
and
over
$369. 33 $348.49 $385.40 $475.44 $406.19 $497.73
125. 55
117. 83
140.89
140. 38
6.72
7.69
5.89
7.00
6.68
5. 79
6.77
0
20
34
44
45
0
0
1
5
8
12
0
2
2
8
3
8
0
0
2
13
9
9
0
0
7
5
11
10
0
0
3
1
4
0
0
1
5
2
9
6
4.45
4.95
6.68
6.99
4.52
5.30
3.91
4.32
3. 57
4.40
0
0
2.16
2. 30
3
$288.60 $344.66 $352. 66 $367.13
288.60 344. 66 352. 66 367.13
0
0
0
0
23.15
28. 72
29.39
30.59
145. 69 167. 90
0 $425.15
0 425.15
0
0
0 35.43
5.95
5.87
6.45
6.51
5.76
0
4.89
2
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
4
13
14
12
1
3
4
4
3
2
4
3
6
1
3
2
0
63
4
2
19
7
11
20
2.79
2.93
4.28
4.61
3.60
3. 58
3.08
3. 30
2.66
2.65
2.56
2.55
2.31
2.49
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, t o t a l . . ________ ____________ . $415.74
415. 74
Rent (gross rent less concessions)________
0
Repairs by tenant_____________________
34.10
Average monthly rental rate_____ ________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit—.
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 room s.. ..................................
4 ro o m s_____________________ _____ ___
5 rooms_______________________________
6 rooms___ _. . . . _ _ ___________
7 rooms or more. — . . .
______________
V. Families who rented apartment for 12
months with heat not included in rent____
Average number of persons in economic
fa m ily ____________________ _______
Average number of persons in household___
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
140.14
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, total_______ _________________ $374.03
Rent (gross rent less concessions)....... ........ 374.03
0
Repairs by tenant________ ____ ________
29.58
Average monthly rental rate— .....................
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it...
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 rooms__________ ________ __
4 rooms___________________ ___________
5 rooms________________ ____________
6 rooms________ ____ _ ____________ ._
7 rooms or more___________________ . _
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12
months with heat included in rent_____
Average number of persons in economic
family________________________________
Average number of persons in household___
Under
$300
$257.06 $354.11 $376. 98 $433.67 $412. 73 $485.83
257. 06 354.11 376. 98 433. 67 412. 73 485.83
0
0
0
0
0
0
29. 51
21. 42
31.41
36.14
34. 39 40.49
4.03
2.96
4. 67
4.00
4.08
3.32
4.39
24
18
10
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
8
6
3
1
1
2
1
4
0
0
5
0
0
0
9
5
1
4
1
7
4
2
2
6
306
65
75
65
45
32
24
4.22
4.35
6.32
5. 96
4.42
4. 77
3.83
3.96
3.33
3.70
2.82
3. 07
2. 55
2. 67
$306.41
305.96
.45
25. 53
$262. 56 $286. 40 $290. 47 $357. 50 $340.05 $390. 30
262. 55 286. 20 290.17 357. 50 337. 21 389. 79
.20
.30
.01
0
2.84
.51
23.87
24. 21
29.79
21.88
28. 34 32. 53
5.13
5.11
4.96
5.08
5.42
5.12
5.33
19
2
14
29
16
4
7
16
32
15
5
4
12
28
15
6
2
5
20
12
6
3
1
4
10
6
3
60
124
77
26
9
5
13
2
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
296
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
T able
B U FFA LO , N . Y.—W HITE FAM ILIES
Item
All
families
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under $300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700
and
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
over
H o u s i n g E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey 1__________ _______
Av. no. of persons in economic fa m ily .___
Average number of persons in household___
Number of families investing in:
Principal home _ _____ ________ _______
Vacation home________________________
Families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes
. __
_________________
Assessments_________ _______________
Repairs and replacements____________
Fire insurance on h o m e ______________
Liability insurance on home __________
Ground rent________ _ _____________
Interest on mortgages. ______________
Refinancing charges__ _____ _________
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)______
Repairs by tenant___________________
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home----------------Rent on vacation or trips----------------Rent at school___________ _____________
450
3. 45
3. 65
51
5.49
5.60
82
4.28
4. 47
104
3. 34
3.52
85
2. 96
3.17
54
2. 89
3.01
74
2. 28
2.60
25
0
0
0
6
0
4
0
6
0
3
0
•6
0
123
5
64
63
1
0
74
2
11
0
5
6
0
0
9
0
23
2
12
14
0
0
16
1
26
0
12
10
0
0
11
0
27
2
10
14
1
0
17
0
15
0
12
9
0
0
10
1
21
1
13
10
0
0
11
0
326
14
40
0
60
3
78
2
59
5
39
2
53
2
0
29
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
3
0
0
8
0
0
5
0
0
10
0
$6. 70
4.99
1. 71
0
$9.99
4.01
5.98
0
$9. 62
7.06
2.56
0
$16. 41 $11. 75
16.02
8.11
.39
3. 64
0
0
33. 45
14. 57
0
3. 31
1.43
0
0
14.14
0
168. 37
168. 37
0
.08
0
0
.08
5.78
61.95
23.43
.18
9.18
1.70
0
0
26. 73
.73
172. 25
171.91
.34
.28
0
.28
0
5.52
36.19
21.01
0
4.90
1. 45
0
0
8.83
0
193. 65
193. 51
. 14
.39
0
.39
0
5. 57
64.20
31. 82
.46
7.29
2.28
.75
0
21.60
0
186. 65
186. 04
.61
2.19
0
‘ 2.19
0
5.54
85. 07 74.09
35. 84 30. 69
0
.46
18. 02 25. 01
3. 63
2.04
0
0
0
0
27.30 15.89
.28
0
204. 55 228.83
204.33 228. 78
.22
.05
2. 38
1. 72
0
0
1.72
2. 38
0
0
5.44
5.80
0
4
19
16
12
11
2
18
15
32
15
22
6
14
25
41
18
26
4
14
21
31
15
26
5
10
13
15
11
15
4
4
16
33
17
21
6.64
6.94
4. 82
5. 27
3.31
3.49
3. 25
3.46
3. 32
3. 61
2.34
2. 74
0
0
0
0
5
$25. 67
25. 67
0
4
$49. 69
23.08
26. 61
5
$29.10
23.08
6.02
6
3
$59. 80 $41. 39
57. 67 28. 57
2.13 12. 82
$155.08
67.54
0
15. 36
6. 64
0
0
65. 54
0
225. 49
85.68
.69
33. 31
5. 51
0
0
97. 57
2. 73
144. 75
84.04
0
19.59
5.79
0
0
35.33
0
198. 95
100.11
1. 51
23. 55
6. 83
.48
0
66.47
0
306. 25 261.10
129. 04 108.15
0
1.62
64.87 88.14
13.07
7.19
0
0
0
0
98. 27 56.00
1.00
0
Av.amt.in vested during sched.yr. in owned:
$9.24
Principal home, total----- --------------6.42
Payt. on principal of mtg. and down payt_
2.82
Improvements on h o m e .____ . . . . . .
0
Vacation home----------------------Average current expenditure for—
57.85
Owned principal home, to ta l.. ---------26.13
Taxes __ ________ ______________
.20
Assessments---------------------------10.83
Repairs and replacem ents.______ . . .
2.01
Fire insurance on h o m e ----------.03
Liability insurance on home ----------0
Ground r e n t ____ _
________
18.48
Interest on mortgages------------------. 17
Refinancing charges. _ __ _ _________
192. 66
Rented principal home, to ta l... --------192. 41
Rent (gross rent less concessions)
—
.25
Repairs by tenant---------------------1.16
Secondary housing, total --------------0
Owned vacation h o m e ---- --------- .
1.15
Rent on vacation or trips. . _____ _
.01
Rent at school---------- ------- .
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit—
5.60
Number of families living in dwelling with—
21
Less than 4 room s... _______ _______ _ _
64
4 rooms____
_
_____ ______ ____ _
109
5 rooms----- ------- -------- --------- ._
168
6 rooms_______ ____ _______________
7 rooms or more_______________________
88
121
II. Families who owned their principal home
for 12 months ________ ___ _____
Av. no. of persons in economic family ___
3. 71
4.00
Average number of persons in household__
Families who invested during the scheduled
year in owned principal home-------23
Av.amt.invested during scheduled year,total - $36.19
Payt. on principal of mtg. and down payt— 26. 69
9.50
Improvements on hom e. . .
. .
Av. current housing expenditures on owned
212. 21
principal home, total _ _ ________ _
96.05
Taxes
_.
. . .
___ _ . . . . . _ .
.73
Assessments----------- -------- . . . . . .
40.06
Repairs and replacements ______ ____ _
7.18
Fire insurance on home___
_________
.10
Liability insurance on home___________
0
Ground rent— _ . ._ . . . ____________
67. 47
Interest on mortgages______ _
.62
Refinancing c h a r g e s ...--- -- ---------
$0
0
0
0
1 T he total families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown (i. e. home owners, house
renters, apartment renters w ith heat included in rent, and apartment renters w ith heat not included in rent)
and families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468.
297
TABULAR SUMM ARY
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
T able
BU FFA L O , N . Y.—W HITE FA M ILIES—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
$700
and
over
H o u s i n g E x p e n d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal home
for 12 months—Continued.
Average estimated annual rental value
$362. 92
Average imputed income from equity in
owned principal home__________________ 150. 71
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it..
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms__________________ _
4 ro o m s____________________________ .
5 rooms_______________________________
6 rooms____________ . . . . _ _________
7 rooms or more_________ ____ _____ . . .
III. Families who rented house for 12 months.
Average number of persons in economic
fa m ily _____________________ _______
Average number of persons in household__
121.10
117. 05
170. 94
160. 59
6. 37
6. 91
6. 32
6. 23
6.19
6.80
6.24
0
1
20
55
45
71
0
0
1
2
8
7
0
0
3
11
8
13
0
1
3
16
6
21
0
0
7
12
7
11
0
0
1
5
9
7
0
0
5
9
7
12
3.60
3.88
5.93
6.07
4.24
4.48
3. 63
3. 95
3.17
3.36
2.83
3.12
2.36
2.77
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, total----------------------------- $276. 92
Rent (gross rent less concessions) ____
276. 33
Repairs by tenant _ _ ______________
.59
Average m onthly rental rate______________
23.08
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit_.
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 ro o m s......... .
.....................
4 rooms___ ______ ______________ ______
5 rooms_______________________________
6 rooms___________________ ____ _______
7 rooms or more_______________________
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12
months with heat included in r e n t2___
V. Families who rented apartment for 12
months with heat not included in r en t...
Average number of persons in economic
family___________ _ . . . .
...
Average number of persons in household__
148.15 169.10
$224. 57 $241. 60 $285. 93 $290. 54 $281.43 $314.83
224. 57 239. 46 285. 26 290. 54 281.43 314. 83
2.14
0
.67
0
0
0
18. 71
20.00
23. 77
24.21
23.45 26.24
5.89
5.28
5. 62
5. 76
6.27
5.86
6.42
2
9
19
18
23
0
1
4
1
1
0
2
4
5
2
1
3
4
6
7
0
2
2
2
5
1
0
3
1
2
0
1
2
3
6
18
0
2
4
4
4
4
237
33
43
53
43
28
37
3. 34
3. 45
5.01
5.06
3.88
3.92
3.29
3.46
2. 85
2.99
2.77
2. 78
2.29
2.48
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, total________ _
_________ _ $254. 85
254. 56
Rent (gross rent less concessions) _____
Repairs by tenant _______ . . . . _ . . . _
.29
21. 21
Average m onthly rental rate____________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit..
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms_________ _________
4 rooms_______ . ______ ______________
5 rooms_________________ ____ _______ _
6 rooms______________________________
7 rooms or more_____________________ _
$276.18 $342. 54 $315. 69 $359. 54 $454. 40 $430.20
$205. 30 $233. 28 $248. 60 $256.86 $269. 79 $319.43
205. 30 233. 28 248.58 255.65 269.36 319. 32
.02
1.21
.11
0
0
.43
19.44
20. 72
22. 45 26. 61
17.11
21.30
5. 25
5. 52
5.07
5.28
5.14
4. 93
5.57
11
47
69
92
18
0
3
14
13
3
2
15
8
14
4
4
8
17
19
5
2
10
12
17
2
1
9
9
9
0
2
2
9
20
4
2 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
298
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level
Item
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Johnstown,, Pa.
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level—Fami
Economic level—
lies spending per ex
Families spending
All
penditure unit per
per expenditure
All
fami
year
unit per year
fami
lies
U n $300 $400 $600
lies
Un $400 $600
to
to
and
der
der
to
and
$300 $400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
H o u s i n g E x p e n d itu r e s
153
4.30
4. 42
66
5. 71
5. 81
46
3.58
3.66
30
3. 02
3.28
11
2.38
2.38
151
3. 52
3.87
75
4. 36
4. 66
46
3.00
3. 44
30
2. 25
2. 53
22
0
11
0
2
0
5
0
4
0
20
0
13
0
3
0
4
0
61
0
20
33
0
0
31
4
31
0
8
14
0
0
19
3
13
0
5
8
0
0
4
0
12
0
4
8
0
0
5
1
5
0
3
3
0
0
3
0
70
0
43
29
0
0
42
3
35
0
17
18
0
0
22
1
23
0
16
6
0
0
12
1
12
0
10
5
0
0
.8
,1
93
10
35
4
33
5
19
1
6
0
81
4
40
3
23
1
18
0
0
9
1
I. All families in survey1___________ _____
Av. no. of persons in economic family____
Average number of persons in household_
_
Number of families investing in:
Principal home------------- ----------Vacation home____________________ ..
Families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes___________________ ________
Assessments- --- --------- --------Repairs and replacements------------Fire insurance on hom e... ----------Liability insurance on home---- -_
Ground rent________________________
Interest on mortgages----------------Refinancing charges_________ __
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_____
Repairs by tenant ____________ ___
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home------- --------Rent on vacation or trips-------------Rent at school----- --------- -------
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
4
0
0
2
0
1
8
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
6
0
Av. am. invest, during sched. yr. in owned:
Principal home, total____________ D o l . . 27.28 30.15
Payt.on prin. of mtg. & down payt -D o t . 12.68 14. 71
Improvements on home________ D o L .
14.60 15.44
Vacation home__________ ______ . D o l .
0
0
Average current expenditure for—
Owned principal home, total____ D o l . . 78.79 82.25
44.17 42.27
Taxes- .
_________
Dol .
0
0
Assessments _ _ _______________ D o l . .
6.92 4.05
Repairs and replacements______ D o l . .
4.69 3.90
Fire insurance on home_________ D o l . .
0
Liability insurance on home____ D o l
0
0
Ground rent_
_
____________ D o l .
0
Interest on mortgages__________ D o l . . 22. 05 30. 94
Refinancing charges... ________ D o l .
.96 1.09
Rented principal home, total____ D o l . . 126.82 91.11
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_Z>oZ.. 126.13 90.60
Repairs by tenant. __________ D o l .
.51
.69
Secondary housing, total________D o l . .
1. 24
.26
Owned vacation home________ D o l . .
0
0
Rent on vacation or trips. _ . D o l . .
.72
.26
Rent at school_______________ D o l . .
.52 0
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit. _
Number families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 room s.. _________________
4 rooms......................... ........... ..............
5 rooms________________________ ____
6 rooms______ _____ _______________ _
7 rooms or more_________________ _____
II. Fam. who owned their prin.home 12 m o..
Av. no. of persons in economic fam ily.._
Average number of persons in household___
Families who invested during the schedule
year in owned principal home________
Av. am t. invest, during sched. yr, total. D o l _
Pay. on prin. of mtg. and down payt. D o l . .
Improvements on home__________ D o l . .
Av. current housing expenditure on owned
principal home, total____________ D o l . .
Taxes___________________________ D o l ...
Assessments_______________ _ . . . D o l . .
Repairs and replacements________ D o l . .
Fire insurance on home__________ D o l . .
Liability insurance on home______ D o l . .
Ground rent_ __ __________ . . D o l .
_
Interest on mortgages____________ D o l . .
Refinancing charges______________ D o l . .
54. 41
37.88
0
3.07
2.88
0
0
10.58
0
154. 84
153. 44
.40
1.93
0
.20
1.73
82. 33
46.12
0
3. 39
7. 35
0
0
22.99
2.48
163. 74
163. 50
.24
1.82
0
1.82
0
23. 31 19.49
12. 61 16.06
10.70 3.43
0
0
8.20 56.05
6.15 13.89
2.05 42.16
0
0
150. 43 78. 64
76. 61 26.15
0
0
49.88 12. 55
1.68
9.79
0
0
0
0
14.15 37. 76
0
.50
123. 24 132. 62
123.24 132. 13
.49
0
2. 72
.82
0
.07
2. 72
.75
0
0
74. 67
24.80
0
8.94
1. 97
0
0
38. 30
.66
116.48
116.13
.35
.32
. 14
.18
0
83.80
28.10
0
14.84
1.14
0
0
39.18
.54
130. 38
129. 37
1.01
. 12
0
. 12
0
80. 65
26. 54
0
18.04
1.78
0
0
34. 26
.03
176. 37
176. 37
0
3.14
0
3.14
0
5.55
5.45
5.25
6.10
5.86
5.94
5.99
5.87
5.57
8
25
45
49
26
60
4. 57
4. 74
1
14
19
21
11
31
5.91
6.02
6
6
14
14
6
13
3. 69
3.89
1
4
8
9
8
11
2. 89
3.23
0
1
4
5
1
5
2.23
2.30
16
14
19
48
54
70
3. 64
4.04
5
6
10
27
27
35
4. 47
4.89
6
3
4
17
16
23
3.01
3. 41
5
5
5
4
11
12
2.40
2. 75
20
11
2
3
4
20
13
3
4
68. 30 62. 33 11. 45 41.86 311. 36
31.07 29.46
.50 35. 97 109. 79
37.23 32.87 10.95 5.89 201. 57
51.97 45.10 16. 42 140.14
28.88 37. 76 12.31 34. 74
23.09 7. 34 4.11 105.40
198. 37 175.12 192. 50 210. 58 330.95 169. 50 159. 72 167. 62
111.00 89.99 134.03 116. 87 168. 55 56. 26 52.85 56.20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17. 65 8. 62 10.87 9. 25 109.73 27.07 19.15 29.68
11.96 8. 30 10.18 20.04 21.54
3. 63 4. 23 2. 29
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
55. 32 65.88 37.42 57. 67 31.13 81.46 82.07 78. 36
2.44 2.33 0
6. 75 0
1.08 1.42 1.09
1 See footnote 1 on p. 296.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
3.09 16.19 141. 52
14.03 49.90
0
3.09 2.16 91.62
0
0
0
201. 60
66.34
0
45.11
4.44
0
0
85. 65
.06
299
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H IT E F A M IL IE S—Continued
Johnstown, P a.—Continued
Item
H o u s i n g E x p e n d .— Con.
II. Families who owned
their principal hoi*e for
12 months—
-Contd.
Average estimated annual
rental value. __ ______
Average imputed income
from equity in owned
principal home________
Average number of rooms
in dwelling un it______
Number of families living
in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms. _ __
4 rooms____________ .
5 rooms_______________
6 rooms... __________
7 rooms or more_______
III. Families who rented
house for 12 months___
Average number of persons in economic family.
Average number of persons in household_____
Average expenditure for
rented principal home,
total_________________
Rent (gross rent less con
cessions).. __________
Repairs by tenant_______
Av. mo. rental r a t e __
Average number of rooms
in dwelling un it......... .
Number of families living
in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms_____
4 rooms_____________ .
________
5 room s...
6 rooms___ ___________
7 rooms or more. ______
IV. Families who rented
apartment for 12 months
with heat included in
r e n t2__________
Average number of per
sons in economic family.
Average number of per
sons in household______
Average expenditure for
r e n t e d p r in c ip a l
home, total_________
Rent (gross rent less
concessions)______ ._
Repairs by tenant_____
Av. mo. rental rate_____
Average number of rooms
in dwelling unit *
_ _
Number of families living
in dwellings with—
Less than 4 room s.........
4 rooms_______________
5 rooms_______________
6 rooms_______________
7 rooms or more_______
V. Families who rented
apartment for 12 months
with heat not included in
r e n t2______________ ____
Lancaster, Pa.—Continued
Economic level—Families spend
All- ing per expenditure unit per year
fami
lies
$600
Under $300 to $400 to
and
$300
$400
$600
over
$300. 55 $230. 51 $363.03 $341.48 $482. 32
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
All
fami
lies
Under
$400
$316.41 $288.67 $338. 62 $354. 74
102.18
55.39
170. 53
130. 90
151. 37
146. 91
128. 95
6.16
5.83
6.24
6. 67
6.89
6.59
6.63
6.29
7.03
0
4
13
28
15
0
3
6
16
6
0
0
4
5
4
0
1
1
5
4
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
7
20
40
0
0
5
10
20
1
1
1
9
11
0
1
1
1
9
171.00 153.14
75
31
24
14
6
57
33
15
9
4.15
5.48
3. 57
2.90
2.50
3.80
4. 51
3.20
2. 21
4. 25
5.58
3. 65
3.10
2.50
4. 23
4.80
3. 83
2.82
$203. 30 $169. 61 $213. 57 $250. 57 $225. 95
$254. 50 $224. 55 $274.84 $330. 40
202. 02
1.28
16. 94
168.82
.79
14.13
210. 88
2. 69
17.80
250. 06
.51
20.88
225. 95
0
18.83
253. 22
1. 28
21. 21
223. 75
.80
18.71
5.08
4.93
5.14
5. 36
5.00
6.02
5. 96
6.30
5. 77
4
17
28
18
8
1
10
12
4
4
2
4
8
8
2
1
2
6
3
2
0
1
2
3
0
2
4
10
28
13
0
4
5
17
7
1
0
2
8
4
1
0
3
3
2
9
1
6
2
0
271. 72 330. 40
3.12
22.90 27. 53
22
6
7
9
2.45
2. 72
2. 77
2.02
2. 57
2. 72
3.04
2.11
$237. 59 $198.07 $245.88 $257. 50
245.88 257.50
0
0
20. 49 21.46
237. 59
0
19.80
3. 55
2
3
2
0
2. 95
4. 91
3. 43
12
7
2
0
1
7
198.07
0
16. 51
5
1
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
1
4
4
1
0
0
2
1
1
0
2Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458,
$600
and
over
$400 to
$600
300
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
Economic level—Families spend
ing per expend, unit per year
All
. fami
lies
$300
to
$400
Under
$300
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r e s
146
3.83
4. 21
17
0
25
6.59
5. 86
3
0
51
# 4 .4 1
4.83
10
0
41
3.16
3. 46
3
0
29
2.02
2. 75
1
0
39
0
12
12
0
0
19
1
7
0
3
1
0
0
3
0
17
0
5
5
0
0
10
1
11
0
3
3
0
0
5
0
4
0
1
3
0
0
1
0
108
13
18
1
35
4
30
2
25
6
0
6
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
3
1
$23. 71
15. 83
7.88
0
$25. 98
22. 63
3. 35
0
$31. 52
11.36
20.16
0
$21. 26
20. 32
.94
0
$11. 47
11.47
0
0
29.88
15.80
0
5.26
1.68
0
.0
7.11
.03
156.11
154. 87
1.24
2. 54
0
.99
1.55
27. 76
16. 79
0
1. 16
.58
0
0
9. 23
0
136.47
135. 79
.68
0
0
0
0
35.16
16.29
0
6. 42
2. 56
0
0
9. 81
.08
134. 66
133. 15
1. 51
0
0
0
0 /
30. 07
19. 41
0
5.91
.78
0
0
3. 97
0
165. 85
165. 64
.21
2. 38
0
1.07
1.31
22.11
8. 95
0
5. 84
2. 33
0
0
4. 99
0
197.05
194.31
2. 74
9. 42
0
3. 49
5.93
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit. . _________
Number families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms____ _ _ _ ____________ _____ _
4 r o o m s ..._______ . . . ___ _ _ ______ _ ___ _____ _
5 rooms. _ ______
_ _________ .
. __
6 rooms. . ._ _ ________ . ________ _______ _
7 rooms or more______ _____________________________
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12 months. _.
Average number of persons in economic family____________
Average number of persons in household _ _________ _
Families who invested during sched. yr. in owned prin. home __
5. 69
5.89
5. 81
5. 61
5. 43
4
22
38
50
32
39
3. 85
4. 30
17
0
4
4
10
7
7
4. 57
4. 83
3
0
8
16
12
15
17
4. 49
4.88
10
2
5
10
17
7
11
3.04
3. 34
3
2
5
8
11
3
4
2.14
3. 58
1
Average amount invested during schedule year, to ta l.. . ___
Payment on principal of mortgage and down payment___
Improvements on home_________ _____ ____ ____ ______
$70. 39
40.89
29.50
$92. 72
80.74
11.98
$94. 58
34.09
60.49
$14.15
10. 65
3.50
$83.18
83.18
0
I. All families in su rv ey 1__________________________________
Average number of persons in economic family----------Average number of persons in household_______________ __
Number of families investing in: Principal home__________
Vacation home__________
Number of families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
T a x es____________________________ ________________
Assessments--- ----------------------------------------Repairs and replacements____________ _________ ____
Fire insurance on home_ _ _ . ________ ____________
Liability insurance on home___ _______ ___________ _—
Ground r en t...
------------------------------------Interest on m ortgages________________ _____________
Refinancing charges---- -------------- ------------- _
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_____ _ _________ __
Repairs by tenant--------------------------------------Secondary housing:
Owned vacation h o m e . . --- -------------- -------Rent on vacation or trips------------ ---------- _
Rent at school- --- ------------ -----------------------Average amount invested during schedule year in owned:
Principal home, total' - _
______
_______
Payment on principal of mortgage and down paym ent. _
Improvements on home___ - ________ _____ ________
Vacation home___________________ - _____________ Average current expenditure for:
----Owned principal home, total--- - - .
Taxes— ________________________ _________________
Assessments________________________________________
Repairs and replacements--------------------- --------Fire insurance on h o m e _____________ ____ _______
Liability insurance on hom e.. ------------------------Ground rent-------------------------------------------Interest on mortgages.
-------- ----- ------------ _
Refinancing charges___ _ - - --------- -----------Rented principal home, total------- ----------- ----- -Rent (gross rent less concessions)___ _
____________
Repairs by tenant--------- -----------------— ____ _
Secondary housing, total-------- ----------------- ------Owned vacation h o m e . . ________ ___________ _____
Rent on vacation or trips____________________________
Rent at school.
_
------ -------------------------
1 The total families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown (i. e. home owners, house
renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with heat not included in rent)
and families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
301
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
Economic level—Families spend
ing per expenditure unit per
year
All
fami
lies
$300
to
$400
Under
$300
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
H o u s i n g E x p e n d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12 months—
Continued.
Av. current housing expenditures on owned principal home,
to ta l- - ____ _ _______ _____ _______________ ___
_ __ 109.90
Taxes __________________ _____________ ___ _
____
58.98
Assessments____ _ _ _______ ____________ ______ ___
0
Repairs and replacements____ _________
__________
19.69
4.94
Fire insurance on home ________ ___ ____ -_ __
0
Liability insurance on home________________ _________
0
Ground rent __ ___ _ _________ _______ _____ __
26.18
Interest on mortgages_______ ___________________ ___
. 11
Refinancing charges____
__________ _____ _______
Average estimated annual rental value_______ ________ _ $288.33
Average imputed income from equity in owned principal
178.43
home. _ _____________ ____ _ _______ ______ _
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it - ______________
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms ___________ ____ __________ _______
4 rooms ______ _______ _ _ ___ _________________
5 rooms ___________ ____ ______________________ ___
6 rooms______ - ______ _____ ____________ ___ ___ _____
7 rooms or more _____________________ ____ ____ _____
III. Families who rented house for 12 months 2..... .............. .....
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12 months with heat
__
included in r e n t2__ ____ ___ ___ _ _____________
V. Families who rented apartment for 12 months with heat
not included in rent_________ __ __________- ________
Average number of persons in economic family_____ _ __
Average number of persons in household____________ _____
187.26
163.85
184.37
208. 63
6. 35
6.01
6.07
6. 54
7? 60
0
2
9
8
20
19
0
0
2
2
3
6
0
2
4
3
8
4
0
0
2
3
6
6
0
0
1
0
3
3
5
0
1
1
3
79
3.84
4.18
12
6. 36
6.96
28
4.20
4.48
22
3. 25
3.62
17
2.26
2.45
$185. 33
Average expenditure for rented principal home, to ta l- .__
183. 63
Rent (gross rent less concessions)______ ____ ___________
Repairs by tenant_____ _____________ ______ _____
1.70
-_ 16.49
Average monthly rental rate. ____________ ___
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it - ___ ________
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms _________ ______ ______ ________ _
4 rooms ______ ____ ______ __ _____ __________ ___
5 rooms ______
__ ______ _______ _______ ________ __
6 r o o m s ._______ _____ __________________ _______
7 rooms or more. ______________________________ _____
99.13 101. 09 112.05 160.23
59.98
48. 54
72. 33
64.90
0
0
0
0
4.13
19. 26
22. 01
42. 31
2.07
4.63
2.91
16.86
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32. 95
28. 41
14.80
36.16
0
0
.25
0
$286.39 $264.94 $296.42 $368.86
$156. 38 $188. 89 $202.83 $177. 28
156. 38 186. 93 202.44 173.11
0
.39
1. 96
4.17
15. 58
17.25
17. 05
15.57
5. 44
6.12
5.38
5. 23
5. 31
3
16
21
30
9
0
3
0
5
10
2
4
5
10
1
4
5
1
6
2
8
5
2Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
1
6
1
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
302
Table
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
H o u s i n g E x p e n d it u r e s
498
108
96
82
I. All families in survey 1_________ _________ - -4.04
5.99
4. 34
Average number of persons in economic fa m ily .. _
3. 95
4.62
Average number of persons in household________
4.27
6.19
4.14
Number of families Investing in: Principal hom e.
16
88
18
14
Vacation hom e.
0
0
0
0
Families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
245
57
46
44
Taxes _ ___________ ______ _
. . . _____
1
0
0
Assessments-----------------------------1
24
126
13
24
Repairs and replacements__ ______
. . . ..
57
8
9
Fire insurance on home___________________
10
0
0
0
Liability insurance on home_____. . . . . . .
0
0
0
0
Ground rent________ __________________
.
0
24
22
128
Interest on mortgages____ ______________
24
2
3
9
1
Refinancing charges________ ____________
Rented principal home:
254
50
38
Rent (gross rent less concessions)____ _____
51
21
5
4
1
Repairs by te n a n t________________________
Secondary housing:
0
0
0
Owned vacation home________ _____ . . . . . .
0
0
47
3
Rent on vacation or trips_______ . . . . . . .
3
1
0
0
Rent at school________ _____ . . . . . . ______
0
Av. amt. invested during schedule year in owned:
Principal home, total_______ ________________ $43.60 $21.91 $33. 83 $20.01
16.17 23.61 18.98
Payment on prin. of mtg. and down paym ent. 36. 30
5.74 10.22
7.30
Improvements on hom e____ _____ __________
1.03
0
V acation hom e. . .
-----------------------0
0
0
Average current expenditure for:
62. 35 84. 67 112. 70
Owned principal home, total_________________ 95. 55
39. 32
33. 78 35.41 50.84
T a x es._ ----- -- --- -- --------- --- -.05
0
0
Assessments____ ___ __________________
.30
17.48
Repairs and replacements__
____
3.04 16. 46 12. 72
.49
.72
1. 06
Fire insurance on hom e... . . . _____ ____
1. 80
0
0
0
Liability insurance on home----------------0
Ground rent. . . . . . . . ______ _______ _ _
0
0
0
0
24. 23 30. 93 46. 79
Interest on mortgages_____ ______ _
. 36.73
.91
.81
1.15
Refinancing charges------- -------------.25
Rented principal home, total. . . . ___________ 148.07 119.80 134.89 140. 31
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_______ _ . 147. 78 119. 57 134. 66 140.17
.29
.23
.23
Repairs by tenant __________
_________
. 14
Secondary housing, total. ________ . . . ______
1. 98
0
.22
. 11
0
0
Owned vacation home_________ . . . _______
0
0
1.89
0
.22
Rent on vacation or trips_____ ____ ________
.11
.09
Rent at school______________. . . __________
0
0
0
5.94
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit _
6.03
5. 96
6. 23
Number of families living in dwellings with—
37
4
8
4
Less than 4 rooms __ ______ ____ ________
23
5
4
4
4 ro o m s________________________________ .___
70
20
18
9
' 5 rooms__________________ ________________
213
51
38
38
6 rooms____________________________________
155
28
28
7 rooms or m o r e .._ _____________ _____ _ .
27
244
57
46
44
T.I. Families who owned their prin. home for 12 m o...
5. 85
4.62
Average number of persons in economic fa m ily .. _
4.29
4. 31
4.54
4.84
6.10
4. 44
Average number of persons in household________
' Number of families who invested during the
86
15
18
13
schedule year in owned principal hom e_______
70
3.28
3. 46
11
0
60
3.06
3. 40
14
0
82
2.55
2. 85
15
0
37
0
17
13
0
0
23
2
30
0
23
6
0
0
15
1
31
0
25
11
0
0
20
0
33
2
31
3
51
6
0
9
0
0
8
1
0
24
0
$31. 26 $32.97 $125. 52
29. 97 25. 01 108.68
1.29
7.96 16. 84
0
0
0
107. 27 118. 71 107.89
41. 33 45.80 33.19
0
0
0
23.28 27.79 29.96
1.32
.96
1.30
0
0
0
0
0
0
39. 64 44.04 42.09
1.70
.12
1.35
143.05 154.18 208.26
142. 81 153. 75 207.78
.24
.43
.48
2. 52
2. 53
7.68
0
0
0
2. 52
1.76
7.68
0
.77
0
5. 94
6.16
5.98
8
2
6
34
20
37
3. 63
3. 86
5
4
5
21
25
29
3. 30
3. 72
8
4
12
31
27
31
2.63
2.92
11
12
17
Av. amt. invested during schedule year, total... $78. 72 $87. 38 $67. 65 $36. 61 $59.14 $60.93 $178. 99
Paym ent on prin. of mtg. and down paym ent. _ 63. 98
76,50 46. 33 35. 37 56.69 44. 74 134.45
1.24
Improvements on h o m e .._______ _ _______ _ 14.74
10.88 21. 32
2. 45 16.19 44. 54
Average current housing expenditure on owned
principal home, total___________ _________ 192.19 117.60 176. 71 210. 05 200.81 238. 62 273. 21
79. 25
63.68 73.90 94. 76 77.40 91.07 84.95
Taxes-------------- -- . . . . . . . . . --- -------. 10
0
0
.56
0
Assessments- _ ____________________________
0
0
Repairs and replacements___ ____
_______
34. 47
5. 56 34. 35 23.70 42.82 56.39 72. 65
2.14
.92
Fire insurance on home .. . _______________ __
1. 51
3. 36
2. 39
1.99
3. 43
Liability insurance on home_______________ ._
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ground rent_____ . . . __________________
0
0
0
0
0
Interest on mortgages__________________ _____
74. 71
45. 91 64. 55 87.20 74.99 88.93 111. 35
1.52
1.53
2.40
.47
3. 21
.24
Refinancing charges____________ _ _________
.83
i The total families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown (i. e. home owners, house
renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with heat not included in rent)
and families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468.
303
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PHILADELPHIA, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES—Continued
Item
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s —Continued
11. Families’who owned their principal home
for 12 months—Continued.
Average estimated annual rental value___ $325. 23 $274. 58 $307.15 $352. 27 $314. 47 $357. 41 $389. 57
Average imputed income from equity in
133. 04 156. 98 130. 44 142. 22 113. 66 118. 79 116. 36
owned principal h o m e___ ___________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 rooms._
______________
___________
4 rooms______ ______ _
5 rooms_______________ ________ _____
6 rooms_________________ __________
7 rooms or more______________________
III. Families who rented house for 12 months.
Average number of persons in economic
________
family__________________
Average number of persons in household-
6. 52
6. 05
6. 40
6. 78
6. 48
6.97
6. 81
1
2
24
119
98
208
1
1
11
29
15
46
0
1
8
22
15
44
0
0
3
19
22
35
0
0
1
23
13
23
0
0
0
11
18
23
0
0
1
15
15
37
4.03
4.29
6.28
6. 41
4.09
4.49
3. 63
3.91
3. 23
3. 37
3. 02
3. 32
2. 65
2. 94
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, total__________ ____________ $290. 77 $263.09 $260. 90 $306. 92 $328.93 $291.88 $321.04
Rent (gross rent less concessions)______
290.12 262.54 260.48 306.60 328.19 290. 86 319.96
.42
.32
.55
.74
1.02
Repairs by tenant______________ ____
.65
1.08
21. 74
27. 41
24. 32
25. 58
24. 23
21.91
Average monthly rental rate_________ . . .
26. 75
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 rooms._ __ . . . ______ __ _
4 rooms______ . . . . _______________
5 rooms____________________ __________
6 rooms______________________________
7 rooms or more.______ ______ _____
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12
months with heat included in rent_____
Average number of persons in economic
family____ __ . . . ______________ _ _
Average number of persons in household _
5. 95
6.03
5.84
5.85
6.15
5. 94
5.99
9
13
41
90
55
1
3
8
21
13
4
1
10
16
13
1
4
6
19
5
1
0
5
10
7
0
4
4
8
7
2
1
8
16
10
39
3
5
3
10
7
11
2. 54
2. 58
4. 06
4. 06
3.80
3.80
2. 25
2. 25
2. 12
2. 25
2. 62
2.62
1.98
1.98
Average expenditure for rented principal
home, total... _____ _____ _ ________ $311. 20 $189. 41 $238.88 $254. 35 $244. 83 $347.14 $430. 25
Rent (gross rent less concessions)______
311.09
189. 41 238.07 254. 35 244. 83 347.14 430. 25
0
0
0
. 11
0
.81
0
Repairs by tenant _ _ ---------------------21.20
28. 93
25. 93
20. 40
35.84
Average monthly rental rate_____________
15. 78
19. 91
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.
Number of families living in dwellings
with—
Less than 4 rooms._ ______. . . _____ _
4 rooms______________________________
5 rooms_____ ____ . . . ___ _ ._. .
6 rooms-------- ------- --------------------7 rooms or more___________________
V. Families who rented apartment for 12
months with heat not included in rent2__
3. 42
3.16
3. 27
2. 71
3. 47
3. 50
3. 65
26
8
3
2
0
2
1
0
0
0
3
2
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
7
2
0
1
0
5
0
1
1
0
6
3
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
2 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
304
NORTH
T able
A T L A N T IC R EG IO N
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH ILADELPHIA, PA.—NEGRO FAMILIES
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s
I. All families in survey 1
--------------------------------------------------Average number of persons in economic family____ ____ ___
Average number of persons in household__________________
Number of families investing in: Principal home__________
Vacation home___________
Number of families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes__________________ ____ _____________ _______
Assessments------------------------------------------------------------Repairs and replacements____________________________
Fife insurance on home______________________________
Liability insurance on home__________________________
Ground rent------------------------------------------------------------Interest on mortgages___________________________ ____
Refinancing charges. __ _______________ ________ ____
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions) ______________________
Repairs by tenant___________________________________
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation h om e____________________ ______ . . .
Rent on vacation or trips______ _________ ____ ______
Rent at school____ _______ ________________ _____ _
Average amount invested during schedule year in owned:
Principal home, total________________ __ ________________
Payment on principal of mortgage and down payment __
Improvements on home____ _____________________ __
Vacation home________________________________________
Average current expenditure for—
Owned principal home, total_______________ __________
Taxes___ _ ----------------------------------------------------------Assessments_____________________________ ________ _
Repairs and replacements_____________ _______ _____
Fire insurance on home... ___________________________
Liability insurance on home__________ _____________
Ground rent—_ ____ _______ _______________________
Interest on mortgages_____________________________
Refinancing charges__________ _______ __________ ____
Rented principal home, total. ________________________
Rent (gross rent less concessions). _______ __ _______
Repairs by tenant__________________________________
Secondary housing, total_______________________________
Owned vacation home___________________ _________ __
Rent on vacation or trips____________________________
Rent at school________ ____ ____ ____________________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit..... ......... ......
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms.. ____________ ____________________
4 rooms_______________ _______ ____________________
5 rooms ________
...
__________________________
6 rooms____
________ ________________________
7 rooms or more_____ ______ _______________________ _
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12 months_
_
Average number of persons in economic family_________
Average number of persons in household___ ____ __________
Families who invested during sched. yr. in owned prin. home. _.
Average amount invested during schedule year, total______
Payment on principal of mortgage and down payment___
Improvements on home_______________________________
Av. current housing expend, on owned prin. home, total____
Taxes________________________________________________
Assessments.____________________ _____ . _ _____
Repairs and replacements.. . ________________________
Fire insurance on home________________________________
Liability insurance on home_____________ _ _______ ____
Ground rent__________________________________________
Interest on mortgages_________ ____ ____________________
Refinancing charges______________________ ____________
101
3.76
4.03
14
0
55
4.92
5.17
4
0
31
2. 55
2.83
5
0
15
2.04
2.35
5
0
17
0
12
5
0
0
15
1
5
0
2
1
0
0
5
1
7
0
6
2
0
0
5
0
5
0
4
2
0
0
5
0
84
1
50
1
24
0
10
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
$16. 46
16. 23
.23
0
$9. 96
9. 96
0
0
$18. 31
18. 31
0
0
$36. 48
34. 92
1.56
0
42.93
12. 36
0
5.85
.31
0
0
23.60
.81
202. 76
202. 24
.52
.26
0
.01
.25
5. 34
26.16
6.89
0
3.97
.09
0
0
13.73
1.48
219. 49
218. 53
.96
0
0
0
0
5.50
51.57
17.41
0
8.20
.47
0
0
25.49
0
195.49
195. 49
0
.86
0
.04
.82
5.19
86.47
21. 93
0
7.87
.78
0
0
55.89
0
156. 47
156. 47
0
0
0
0
0
5.05
23
7
11
38
22
17
3. 25
3.78
13
$97. 80
96. 43
1.37
254. 98
73. 41
0
34. 73
1.83
0
0
140. 21
4.80
9
5
11
19
11
5
4.94
5. 49
3
$109. 56
109. 56
0
287. 72
75.82
0
43.63
.94
0
0
151. 02
16. 31
10
1
0
14
6
7
3.05
3. 77
5
$81. 08
81.08
0
228.41
77.12
0
36. 32
2.08
0
0
112.89
0
4
1
0
5
5
5
1.86
2.09
5
$109.45
104. 77
4. 68
259. 43
65.80
0
23. 61
2. 34
0
0
167. 68
0
1 The total number of families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown in this table
(i. e. home owners, house renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with
heat not included in rent) and also families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no
separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458,
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T a b l e 1 0 .—
305
Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under $400 $400 to $600
$600 and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12
months—Continued.
Average estimated annual rental value-____ ________
Average imputed income from equity in owned
principal home_______ __________________ _
$339. 21
$340. 46
$344.08
$331.15
84.23
52. 74
115. 67
71. 72
Average number of rooms in dwelling un it________
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms_____________________________
4 rooms_______________________________________
5 rooms____________________________ _______ _
6 rooms________________________________ ____
7 rooms or more--- ------ -------------------------------III. ^Families who rented house for 12 months. --------Average number of persons in economic family__ _
Average number of persons in household______ ____
6. 97
7. 75
7. 22
5. 85
0
0
0
10
7
67
4.11
4. 39
0
0
0
1
4
39
5. 36
5.64
0
0
0
5
2
19
2. 48
2.70
0
0
0
4
1
9
2.11
2. 49
Average expenditure for rented principal home, total.
Rent (gross rent less concessions)______ . . . ____
Repairs by tenant----------------------- __ _______ _
Average monthly rental rate_________ ______
$245. 50
244. 71
.79
20. 46
$238. 49
237.14
1. 35
19.87
$268. 64
268. 64
0
22. 39
$227. 00
227.00
0
18. 92
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit _______
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms____________ _______________
4 rooms_______________________ _______________
5 rooms_______ _______________________________
6 rooms_____________________________
_____
7 rooms or more_______________________________
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12 months with
heat included in rent2
_________
_______
__
V. Families who rented apartment for 12 months with
heat not included in rent2________________________
5. 47
5. 71
5. 23
4. 90
11
3
11
27
15
2
2
11
17
7
6
0
0
9
4
3
1
0
1
4
14
9
4
1
3
2
1
0
2 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
306
T a b l e 1 0 .-
-Housing expenditures, by economic level- -Continued
PITTSBURGH, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES
Item
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year
Un
$400
$500
$600
$300
$700
to
der
to
to
to
and
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s
I. All families in survey 1
________________________
Average number of persons in economic fam ily...
Average number of persons in household________
Number of families investing in: Principal home.
_
Vacation home_
Families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes______ ____ _____ ____________________
Assessments_____ _______________________
Repairs and replacements__________________
Fire insurance on home_____ ____________ .
Liability insurance on home_______ . . . . ..
Ground rent... __________________________
Interest on mortgages______________________
Refinancing charges.. . . . .
_ _______ _ _
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_________ .
Repairs by tenant.. . . . . . . . . . _________ .
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home______________ ______
Rent on vacation or trips.. ___________ . . .
Rent at school_______ . . . __ ______
..
Av. amt. invested during schedule year in owned—
Principal home, total_____________
Payment on prin. of mtg. and down payment.
Improvements on home._. ______. . . ______
Vacation home _ __________________________
Average current expenditure for—
Owned principal home, total................... .......
Taxes______________ ___ _ _____________
Assessments______
______
____________
Repairs and replacements__________________
Fire insurance on home . . . ____________
Liability insurance on home______ _______
Ground rent ... . ------------... ... ... .
Interest on mortgages______________ _______
Refinancing charges__ __________________
Rented principal home, total _____________ ..
Rent (gross rent less concessions)________. . .
Repairs by tenant___ ___________________
Secondary housing, total_______ _
________
Owned vacation home______ _ _________ _
Rent on vacation or trips_______________ . . .
Rent at school___________ ___ _ . . . ..
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit______
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms___________________________
4 rooms_____ ____________ __ . . . . _____
5 rooms_____________ __________ ________
6 rooms____________________________________
7 rooms or more_________________________ ..
II. Families who owned their prin. home for 12 m o..
Average number of persons in economic family.. _
Average number of persons in household________
Families who invested during schedule year in
owned principal home . . . . _ __________
Av. amt. invested during schedule year, total___
Payment on principal of mortgage and down
payment_________________ _______________
Improvements on home. . . . _ ._ .
_____
Average current housing expenditure on owned
principal home, total____ _ _______ _ . . .
Taxes______ ________________________________
Assessments_________________________ ______
Repairs and replacements______ ________ ____
Fire insurance on home...
___________ . . .
Liability insurance on home .. . . _____ _ . . .
Ground rent_______ . . . _ . . . ________ _____
Interest on mortgages_______ ______________
Refinancing charges. ._ ___________ _ __ __
346
3.96
4.23
52
0
75
5.95
6.14
12
0
76
4. 38
4.59
9
0
65
3.60
3.85
11
0
54
3.14
3.58
12
0
38
2. 82
3.05
5
0
38
2.15
2.50
3
0
142
1
64
50
0
0
87
5
39
0
13
10
0
0
26
0
30
0
15
11
0
0
17
4
25
0
9
8
0
0
15
0
20
1
9
11
0
0
13
0
13
0
8
5
0
0
9
1
15
0
10
5
0
0
7
0
205
36
36
10
46
11
41
2
34
7
25
3
23
3
0
22
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
3
0
0
4
0
0
5
1
0
6
0
$26. 78 $20.11 $17.83 $26.30 $50.85 $25.05 $26.25
22.33
9.48 16.16 26.30 44.97 17.17 26.25
4.45
10.63
1.67
0
5.88
7.88
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
107.90
51.86
.36
10. 72
3.05
0
0
41.15
.76
173. 63
172. 45
1.18
1.31
0
1.03
.28
5.12
66
63
81
74
62
141
4. 35
4.75
87.96 100.48 114. 37 122. 84 111. 75 125.91
46. 82 46.45 54.65 62. 92 39.43 64. 57
0
0
2. 32
0
0
0
8.24 29.52 10. 81
2.70 10.83 10.84
2.18
2.55
3.01
4.28
2.92
4.22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36.26 37. 21 45.87 45.08 39. 82 46. 31
3.44
0
.06
0
0
0
112. 25 158.18 180.15 205.94 218.90 223. 33
111. 56 156.18 179. 78 203. 97 218.14 222.15
.69
.37
1.97
.76
2.00
1.18
.45
0
.63
.53
3. 75
5.39
0
0
0
0
0
0
.63
.45
0
.53
1.17
5. 39
0
0
0
2.58
0
0
4.91
4. 95
5.08
5.50
4.99
5.54
13
20
17
15
10
39
6.45
6.78
14
15
22
14
11
30
4. 66
4.89
16
11
13
14
11
24
3. 67
4.05
9
6
10
13
16
20
3.04
3.74
8
6
8
13
3
13
2.97
3.28
6
5
11
5
11
15
2.29
2.95
52
12
9
13
10
5
3
$66.90 $35. 95 $45.17 $82. 33 $138. 70 $66. 20 $71.04
56. 39
10. 51
259. 43
125. 79
.90
26.29
7.49
0
0
97.09
1.87
15.42
20. 53
40.94
4.23
82. 33 121. 41
17.29
0
50.18
16.02
71.04
0
169.17 254. 51 278. 35 331. 65 326. 67 318.98
90.05 117.67 139. 36 169.88 115. 27 163. 57
0
0
0
6.25
0
0
5.19 27.43 29. 37 22.26 86.27 27. 38
4.19
6.45
8.16 11.56
8. 55 10.70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
69. 74 94.26 101. 46 121. 70 116.40 117.33
0
8.70
.18
0
0
0
1The total number of families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown in this table
(i. e. home owners, house renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters
with heat not included in rent) and also families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom
no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
TABULAR SUMM ARY
307
T able 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PITTSBURGH, PA.—W HITE FAMILIES—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per ex
penditure unit per year
Item
fami
lies
Un
der
$300
$300
to
$400
$500
to
$600
$400
to
$500
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12
months—C ontinued.
Average estimated annual rental value__________ $408.13 $334.22 $368. 25 $405. 73 $520.48 $481.46 $470.52
Average imputed income from equity in owned
principal home___________________________ __ 148.70 165.05 113.74 127. 38 188.83 154. 79 151.54
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it ____
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms____________ _________ _ _
4 rooms___________ _ _______ _________ _ _
5 rooms______________ ___________________
6 rooms___. ________________ ______ . . _
7 rooms or m o r e . _______ _
___ _______
III. Families who rented house for 12 months_____
Average number of persons in economic family.. _
Average number of persons in household________
5.95
5.43
5.69
6.01
6. 42
5. 70
7. 37
7
18
30
41
45
132
3. 92
4.14
2
8
11
10
8
28
5.54
5. 63
2
5
7
8
8
31
4. 51
4. 65
1
4
6
5
8
26
3.39
3. 66
0
1
2
7
10
25
3.18
3. 55
1
0
2
8
2
11
2.83
3.19
1
0
2
3
9
11
2.15
2. 35
Average expenditure for rented principal home,
total____________________________________ $295.10 $239. 36 $269. 36 $284. 56 $341. 55 $338. 84 $385. 08
Rent (gross rent less concessions) ________ _ _ 292.81 238.09 265. 21 284. 30 338.11 337. 29 382. 57
1.55
2. 51
4.15
.26
3.44
Repairs by tenant_________________ __ __ ___
2. 29
1. 27
Average monthly rental rate___ ______________ 24.59
19.95 22.45 23.71 28.46 28. 24 32. 09
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit____ _
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms _ _ _______ . _ _ _
4 rooms— ______ _
_ __ _________ _ _
5 rooms________ _______ __________________
, 6 room s__________________ _______ ____
7 rooms or more____ __________________ _ .
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12 months
with heat included in rent_______ _ ________
Average number of persons in economic family. __
Average number of persons in household _ _ ___
4.88
4. 57
4. 79
5.04
5.42
4.42
4.66
23
31
33
30
15
7
9
5
5
2
5
7
11
5
3
5
5
5
8
3
3
4
7
5
6
3
2
1
5
0
0
4
4
2
1
22
2. 97
3.17
2
5.13
5.13
5
3.44
3. 44
3
3.18
3.18
2
3.42
3.99
5
2. 65
3.00
5
2.24
2. 59
Average expenditure for rented principal home,
____
_ __ . . . _ . . . $362. 92 $261.87 $291.15 $227. 70 $478.17 $436. 65 $436. 48
total_____ _______
362. 42 256.17 291.15 227. 70 478.17 436. 65 436. 48
Rent (gross rent less concessions)_________ _
0
0
5. 70
0
0
0
.50
Repairs by tenant..
______ _____ _____ _ __
30. 20 21.83 24. 26 18. 97 39.85 36. 39 36. 37
Average monthly rental rate___________________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit_____
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms. __ __ _ _ _ - __________
4 rooms _ _ _______________________ __ ___
5rooms._ _________ _ ________ _____
6 rooms— _ ________ ____________
__ ___ _
7 rooms or more_______________ ______ _______
V. Families who rented apartment for 12 months
with heat not included in rent___________ _ __
Average number of persons in economic family__
Average number of persons in household___ ____
3.88
4. 56
3. 66
3. 42
4. 56
4. 04
3. 65
12
4
6
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
* 0
0
1
3
1
0
0
3
1
1
0
0
50
3.39
3. 51
6
5. 67
5. 67
10
3.59
3.98
11
3.85
3.95
7
3. 25
3.28
9
2.69
2. 76
7
1.81
1.81
Average expenditure for rented principal home,
total_____________________________________ $258.20 $200. 51 $221. 61 $308.08 $232. 26 $267. 53 $295. 45
Rent (gross rent less concessions)___ _ _ _ _ _ _ 256. 30 199. 77 219.22 306. 53 229. 33 266. 20 293. 01
1. 33
2.44
.74
2. 39
1.55
2.93
1. 90
Repairs by tenant.. __________________ _____
21.52
16. 71 18. 47 25. 67 19. 35 22. 29 24. 62
Average monthly rental rate________ _________
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit______
Number of families living in dwellings with—
____ . . ____ _____
Less than 4 rooms4 rooms___ _____ _
_______ _ _ _ - _
__
5 rooms_____ - _______ - - _______
6 rooms — __ ______ _____- ___ _____ _
7 rooms or more____ _
_______
___ _
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
3. 26
3. 25
3. 75
3.44
3.42
5.18
4. 33
24
10
12
2
2
3
3
0
0
0
4
3
2
1
0
7
2
2
0
0
5
1
0
1
0
3
1
4
0
1
2
0
4
0
1
308
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 1 0 . — Housing
expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Item
Pittsburgh, P a —Negro
Portland, Maine—White
_______ families_____________________ families
E c o n o m i c level—
E c o n o m i c level—
All
All
Families spending
Families spending
fami
fami
expend, unit per yr.
expend.unit per yr.
lies
lies
$400
$600
$600
Under
Under $400
to
and
to
and
$400
$400
$600 over
$600 over
H o u s in g E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey 1
________ _______
Av. no. of persons in economic family..
Average number of persons in household..
Number of families investing in:
Principal home........... ...........................
Vacation home--------------------------------Families having current expend, for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes_____________________________
Assessments----------------------------------Repairs and replacements---------------Fire insurance on hom e.. . ------------Liability insurance on home--------- .
Ground rent__ _. --------------------Interest on mortgages.. ___________
Refinancing charges________________
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)-----Repairs by tenant... ------------- -----Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home.....................—
Rent on vacation or trips---- -----------Rent at school----- ------------------ -Average amount invested during schedule
year in owned—
Principal home, total— -----. . . -----Payt.on prin.of mtg. and down p aytImprovements on home.. ------------Vacation home
------------ --------Average current expenditure for:
Owned principal home, total-------------Taxes------ ------------ ------- ---------------Assessments______________________
Repairs and replacements---------------Fire insurance on hom e.. . ----------Liability insurance on h om e----------Ground rent--------------------------Interest on m ortgages..----------------Refinancing charges . . . ------------Rented principal home, total-------------Rent (gross rent less concessions) ._
Repairs by tenant. . _ ------------—
Secondary housing, total. --------- -------Owned vacation home----- -- --------- -Rent on vacation or trips----- ----------Rent at school----- ------- -- --------- -Av. no. of rooms in dwelling unit---------No. of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms______ _ . . . --------4 room s..___________________ _______
5 rooms-------------------- --------------------6 room s... ________________________
7 rooms or more._ . . . _______ _______
II. Fam. owning their prin. home for 12 mo.
Av. no. of persons in economic family.. _
Average number of persons in household..
Families who invested during the sched
ule year in owned principal home___
97
3.16
3. 36
49
3.98
4.06
35
2.40
2.69
13
2.09
2.56
153
3.93
4.10
66
5.06
5. 22
50
3.44
3.59
37
2. 63
2. 97
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
0
23
0
5
0
8
0
10
0
12
0
5
3
0
0
10
0
8
0
5
2
0
0
7
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
35
1
16
21
0
0
23
1
8
0
1
5
0
0
7
1
15
0
8
9
0
0
8
0
12
1
7
7
0
0
8
0
85
10
41
3
32
6
12
1
119
10
58
7
36
3
25
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
14
2
2
2
0
2
6
1
2
6
1
$12. 96 $18. 83
12. 96 18. 83
0
0
0
0
$9. 56
9. 56
0
0
$34. 48 $24. 91 $37. 98 $46. 83
21.46 12.15 19.98 40.07
13.02 12.76 18.00
6. 76
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29.78 35.10 17. 55 $42.56 44. 56 21.64 51.01 76.68
11.53 13.50
9.11 10. 59 19.43
7.73 22. 69 35. 87
0
0
0
.20
0
0
0
.81
2. 26
4.47
0
0
5. 95
3.03
8.18
8.15
.74
.76
0
2. 65
1.89
1.03
1. 98
3. 29
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15. 25 16. 37
8.44 29. 32 16.88
9. 37 18.16 28.56
0
.21
0
0
0
.48
0
0
213. 23 193. 87 221. 87 262.85 205.00 205. 74 197. 99 213.16
212.46 193. 56 220. 44 262.16 204. 58 205. 03 197. 65 213.16
.77
.31
1.43
.42
.69
.71
.34
0
.04
.09
0
4. 59
0
1. 05
5. 27
9.97
0
0
0
0
1.58
. 18
.82
5.10
.04
1.44
.09
0
0
.87
1. 62
2.22
0
0
1. 57
0
0
0
2.83
2. 65
4.58
4.60
4.49
4.79
5.50
5. 42
5.50
5. 62
25
25
26
12
9
12
3.99
4.17
9
15
14
6
5
8
4. 67
4.80
11
9
9
3
3
3
2. 81
3.16
5
1
3
3
1
1
2.12
2.12
10
25
51
33
34
34
3.72
4. 01
5
9
22
17
13
8
5. 83
6.02
3
7
16
14
10
14
3. 38
3. 65
2
9
13
2
11
12
2.72
3.06
6
4
2
0
20
4
7
9
Av. amt. invested during sched.yr.totaL $104. 77 $115. 34 $111. 52
0
$135. 57 $163. 69 $106. 35 $150. 89
Payt. on prin. of mtg. and down payt.. 104. 77 115. 34 111. 52
0
79. 91 58.40 42. 07 138. 39
Improvements on home. _______ . . .
0
0
0
0
55.66 105.29 64. 28 12.50
Average current housing expenditures on
240. 61 214. 96 204.81 553.17 189.84 170. 23 161.14 236. 43
owned principal home, total_
_
93.16 82. 66 106. 34 137. 63 84. 82 63. 81 74. 72 110. 61
Taxes. _ ------- --------------------------0
.88
0
0
0
0
0
Assessments —
.
. -----------------2. 49
18.26 27. 37
0
0
26. 30 25.00 28.06 25.13
Repairs and replacements------------------34.41
5. 95
4. 63
0
8. 49
8. 51
Fire insurance on home___ _ _______
7.07 10.15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Liability insurance on home--------------0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ground rent________ .. -------------- .
0
123. 24 100.30 98.47 381.13 69. 35 72.91 51.29 88.05
Interest on mortgages..
__________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Refinancing charges___ _____ _____
i The total families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown (i. e. home owners, house
renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with heat not included in rent),
and families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
309
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, P a —Negro fami
lies—Continued
Portland, Maine—White
families—C ontinued
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Item
All
fami
lies
$400
to
$600
Under
$400
All
fami
lies
$600
and
over
E c o n o m i c level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal
home for 12 months—Continued.
Av. estimated annual rental value--- $396.92 $404.16 $382.90 $381.13 $361. 76 $273.00 $330.00 $458.00
Average imputed income from equity
in owned principal home__________ +156. 31 +189. 20 +178. 09 -172.04 171. 92 102. 77 168. 86 221. 57
Av. no.of rooms in dwelling unit____
Families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms____
_ _ _
4 rooms____ _ _______________
5 rooms_________________________
6 rooms.. ______________________
7 rooms or more_________________
III. Fam. who rented house for 12 mo.2_
Av. no. of persons in economic
family__________ ___________
Av. no. of persons in household___
6.06
6.05
6.00
6. 35
6.26
5.88
6.14
6. 67
0
0
6
2
4
42
0
0
4
1
3
24
0
0
2
0
1
12
0
0
0
1
0
6
0
4
7
10
13
17
0
1
2
3
2
9
0
1
3
6
4
5
0
2
2
1
7
3
3. 50
3.80
4.29
4.30
2.63
3.14
2.09
3.15
20
3.03
3.07
7
3. 81
3.78
6
2. 67
2.84
7
2. 26
2.27
Av.expend for rented prin.home, total _ $272. 45 $241. 80 $311.04 $317. 87
Rent (gross rent less concessions)___
271.44 241. 26 308. 57 317. 87
Repairs by tenant _ __ ______ ___
0
1. 01
. 54
2.47
Average monthly rental rate___ ____
22.70
20.15
25. 92
26. 49
Av. no. of rooms in dwelling unit____
Families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms-. _________ __
4 rooms______ ____ _ ____ _ _ _
5 rooms____ _______ ___ ________
6 rooms____________ __ ___ _
7 rooms or more___________
IV. Families who rented apartment for
12 mo. with heat included in rent2
Av. no. of persons in economic family—
Av. no. of persons in household _
_
5. 05
4.68
5. 48
5.65
6
13
11
7
5
3
8
7
4
2
2
4
3
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
0
$322.19 $255.10 $309.17 $400. 43
321. 94 254. 39 309.17 400. 43
. 25
.71
0
0
27.44 21.04 27.99 33. 37
Av. expend, for rented prin.home, total.
Rent (gross rent less concessions)___
Repairs by tenant____ ____ ____
Average monthly rental rate_____ _
Av. no. of rooms in dwelling unit____
Families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms.__ __ ________
4 rooms_____ ________ ____ _____
5 rooms____________ _ _________
6 rooms_____ _ _ __ ___________
7 rooms or m o r e ..___ _________
V. Families who rented apt. for 12 mo.
with heat not included in rent___
Average number of persons in eco
nomic family__________
Av. no.of persons in household______
Av. expend, for rented prin home, total.
Rent (gross rent less concessions)...
Repairs by tenant____ ________ _
Average monthly rental rate. _______
Av.no. of rooms in dwelling unit___
Families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms-------------4 rooms-------------------------------------5 rooms.__________________ _____
6 rooms____________ _______ _____
7 rooms or m o re ___ ___________
3.65
3. 57
3. 33
4.00
9
7
3
1
0
4
2
0
1
0
3
2
1
0
0
2
3
2
0
0
41
16
19
6
77
41
23
13
2.60
2.74
3.29
3.49
2.18
2.31
2.07
2.09
4.14
4.26
4.95
5. 09
3.58
3.68
2.60
2. 66
$212. 66 $215.19 $198. 23 $251. 64 $251. 93 $226.07 $282. 06 $280.15
211.88 215.02 197.15 250.14 251. 49 225. 61 281. 41 280.15
.44
.65
0
.46
1.08
1.50
.78
.17
21.19 19.28 23. 76 22.65
17.72
17.93
16. 52
20.97
3.75
17
12
9
3
0
3.84
3.69
3.68
5.51
5
7
8
4
0
2
0
0
1
10
34
17
15
3
1
0
5
4
2
0
5.51
1
5
16
12
7
2 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468.
5.57
5.38
0
3
11
4
5
7
0
2
1
3
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
310
T able 1 0 .—
Housinr expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W HITE FAMILIES
Item
jH ou sin g E x p en d itu r e s
I. All families in survey1__________
Average number of persons in
economic family______________
Av. no. of persons in household..
Number of families investing in:
Principal h o m e_________
Vacation home____________ ..
Fam. having current expend, for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes. _______
Assessments. ---------- -----------Repairs and replacements___
Fire insurance on home____
Liability insurance on home_ _
Ground rent___________
Interest on mortgages _ ___
Refinancing charges_______
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross, less concessions).
Repairs by tenant ___ __ __
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home------- _
Rent on vacation or trips____
Rent at school___________ _
Av. amt. inv. in sched.yr. in owned:
Principal home, to ta l_______
Payt. prin. mtg. and down payt_
Improvements on home. _ ___
Vacation home_____ _
_ _ __
Average current expenditure for:
Owned principal home, total__
Taxes, _ ------Assessments. _ -----------------Repairs and replacements___
Fire insurance on home __ _
Liability insurance on home, _
Ground r e n t ...____________
Interest on mortgages___ _
Refinancing charges __ _ _ _
Rented principal home, total.__
Rent (gross, less concessions).
Repairs by tenan t_______
Secondary housing, total__ _ _
Owned vacation home.__ ___
Rent on vacation or trips. ___
Rent at school _______
Av. no. of rooms in dwell, unit..
Families living in dwell, with—
Less than 4 rooms____________
4 rooms---------- -----------5 rooms________ _
---------6 rooms______________________
7 rooms or more. ___ _ _
H. Fam. owning prin. home 12 mo. _
Av. no. of persons in econ. family ___
Av. no. of persons in household...
Families who invested during the
sched. yr. in owned prin. home.
Av.am. invest, dur. sched. yr., total.
Payt., prin. mtg. and down payt..
Improvements on home
___
Av. current housing expend, on
owned prin. home, to ta l____
Taxes______ _. . ______ _
Assessments_____
. _______
Repairs and replacements __ _.
Fire insurance on home___ _ _
Liability insurance on home___
Ground rent_ ______ . . . ____
_
Interest on mortgages_________
Refinancing charges _.
Rochester, N. Y.
Econom ic level—
Families spend
ing per expendi
All
ture unit per year
families Under $400
$600
to
and
$400
$600
over
All
families
Under $300
to
$300
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
301
95
115
91
231
38
58
95
40
3.40
3.63
4. 56
4. 71
3. 24
3. 46
2.37
2. 69
3. 75
3.94
5. 46
5.55
4.29
4. 46
3. 32
3. 50
2.29
2.60
37
0
10
0
17
0
10
0
14
0
4
0
3
0
7
0
0
0
130
126
74
35
0
0
103
8
35
33
19
12
0
0
29
3
50
48
25
14
0
0
43
4
45
45
30
9
0
0
31
1
55
2
21
25
0
0
22
0
13
1
5
3
0
0
6
0
15
1
7
6
0
0
9
0
19
0
8
10
0
0
6
0
8
0
1
6
0
0
1
0
174
7
63
2
65
3
46
2
176
20
25
1
43
6
76
10
32
3
1
13
1
0
3
0
0
2
1
1
8
0
0
7
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
4
0
0
1
1
$22.45 $10. 20 $31.04 $24.40 $13. 48 $17. 05 $14. 64 $17.00
16.84
9.82 11.42
7.90 23.07 18.31
9.97 17.05
5. 61
0
4.82
2.30
5.58
3. 51
6.09
7.97
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
129. 45 90.45 129.03 170. 70 43.46 58. 47 48.13 37.59 $36.38
53.83 38.32 55.47 67.96 23.46 29.99 22.79 20.82 24.50
0
0
.75
.87
4.59
.43
.86
.65
.77
18. 36 10.22 11.75 35.19
6. 66
6. 22
8.16
5.82
1.40
1.54
1.97
2.01
1.59
2.05
4.89
2.34
2.08
1.79
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
53.25 37. 50 57. 51 64.31
8. 50
5.59
10.98 14.19 16. 66
1.29
1.53
0
0
0
0
1.57
.68
0
175. 76 179.41 172. 52 17r. 06 217. 55 158. 58 204.14 227.88 268. 46
175. 36 179.27 172. 41 17 .02 216. 52 158. 66 203. 57 225. 94 268.07
.40
.14
1.94
.08
.57
.39
.11
5.04
1.03
2. 37
.12
.05
.59
.93
3.86
1.20
1. 71
1.09
.14
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.46
0
.59
. 12
2.05
.52
.05
.93
.59
.73
5. 25
0
0
0
0
. 18
0
3.27
.57
.47
5.04
5.88
5.94
5.25
5.94
5.14
5.82
5.87
5.26
23
16
70
106
86
128
3.63
3.98
6
6
22
36
25
33
4.99
5.11
8
6
31
35
35
50
3. 72
4.05
9
4
17
35
26
45
2. 50
3. 01
21
60
48
63
39
55
4.09
4. 25
1
10
5
15
7
13
6.00
6.08
2
13
18
19
6
15
4.48
4. 75
11
29
17
21
17
19
3.11
3. 32
38
10
11
14
4
3
7
17
$52.85 $29.37 $71. 51 $49. 34 $59. 64 $49.83 $51.04 $98. 26
39.66 22.76 53.19 37.03
40.34 49.83 32. 40 57.10
13.19
6. 61 18.32 12.31
0
18. 64 41.16
19. 30
302. 27 253. 69 296. 76 344.04
125.86 108.19 127. 57 136.92
1.76
2. 48
1.54
1.48
43.16 29. 42 27.03 71.17
4.63
5.79
4.79
3. 61
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
123.83 103. 41 132. 28 129. 43
4. 40
3.03
3. 61
1. 37
1 See footnote 1 on page 308.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468,
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
7
8
8
8
9
8
2. 58
2.58
0
0
0
0
182. 55 170.87 186.14 187.98 181.95
98.53 87.66 88.14 104.08 122.52
0
0
3.62 13.41
1.68
6. 99
24.43 23.84 25. 77 31.12
9.85
4.49
6.15 10. 27 24. 47
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
46.12 41. 47 64. 40 42. 51 27.97
0
0
0
0
0
311
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
10 .— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W HITE FAMILIES
Rochester, N. Y.—Continued
Item
All
families
Economic level—
Families spend
ing per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
Scranton, Pa,—Continued
All
fami
lies
$600
and
over
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$400
to
$600
$300
to
$400
$600
and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s — Continued
II. Families who owned their prin
cipal home for 12 mo.—Con.
Av. est. annual rental value____ $410.24 $380.61 $404.64 $438.17 $371.15 $304.78 $331. 62 $423.88 $427.90
Average imputed income from
equity in owned principal home. 107.97 126.92 107.88 94.13 188.60 133.91 145.48 235.98 245.95
Av. no. of rooms in dwell, unit_
_
Families living in dwell, with—
Less than 4 rooms____________
4 rooms______________________
5 rooms_____ _ _ ___________
6 rooms______________________
7 rooms or more____ __________
III. Fam. renting house for 12mo___
Av. no. of persons in econ. family. _
Av. no. of persons in household. __
6.59
6.74
6. 54
6. 53
5.92
6.11
5.49
5.69
6. 29
0
2
18
44
64
84
3. 37
3. 58
0
2
4
9
18
31
4. 56
4. 67
0
0
9
19
22
35
2.86
3.11
0
0
5
16
24
18
2.31
2.58
0
4
13
20
18
59
4.08
4.43
0
2
1
6
4
13
5.28
5. 46
0
1
5
7
2
14
4.64
4. 75
0
1
6
5
7
24
3.61
4.08
0
0
1
2
5
8
2.53
3.23
Av. expend.rentedprin. home,total- $321.78 $296.10 $325. 69 $358.43 $282.86 $234.06 $258.48 $305.18 $337.87
Rent (gross, Jess concessions)_ 321. 62 295. 70 325. 65 358. 43 281.63 234.06 256. 34 303. 64 337.17
Repairs by tenant____________
1.23
.40
.04
2.14
1.54
.16
0
0
.70
Average monthly rental ra te____
25. 04 24. 35 24.23 27. 82 23. 57 21.31 21.54 25.43 28.16
Av. no. of rooms in dwell, unit_
_
Families living in dwell, with—
Less than 4 rooms____________
4 rooms_________ _________ . . .
5 rooms______ _______________
6 room s_____________________
7 rooms or more__________
IV. Families who rented apt. for 12
mo. with heat included in rentAv. no. of persons in econ. family..
Av. no. of persons in household..
6.00
6.04
5. 96
5. 99
6. 42
6.59
5.65
5. 99
6. 40
3
3
19
40
19
1
1
4
19
6
2
2
10
10
11
0
0
5
11
2
3
11
7
22
16
1
3
2
5
2
0
3
2
7
2
1
4
3
7
9
1
1
0
3
3
23
2.45
2.42
4
3.53
3.53
9
2.33
2.22
10
2.13
2.16
37
3. 03
3.13
1
5. 59
5.59
8
3. 83
3. 98
16
2.91
2.91
12
2.42
2. 66
Av. expend, rented prin. home, total $330.88 $302. 22 $314. 79 $356.84 $336. 51 $268.49 $335.46 $316.38 $369. 73
Rent (gross, less concessions)___ 330.88 302. 22 314. 79 356. 84 336.30 268. 49 335.46 315.89 369. 73
.49
Repairs by tenant _ . ______ _
.21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Average monthly rental rate____
32. 99 25. 88 30.83 37. 77 28.04 22. 37 27. 96 26. 37 30. 81
Av. no. of rooms in dwell, unit_
_
Families living in dwell, with—
Less than 4 rooms. . . _____. . .
4 rooms____ . . . _ ............ ...
______
5 rooms____ ____
6 rooms______________________
7 rooms or m ore.l____________
V. Families who rented apt. for 12 mo.
with heat not included in rent.
Av. no. of persons in econ. family..
Av. no. of persons in household ...
3.48
4.15
3.36
3. 33
4.13
4. 47
4.85
3. 59
4.01
15
4
3
1
0
2
0
2
0
0
5
3
0
1
0
8
1
1
0
0
9
18
9
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
3
1
0
5
9
2
0
0
4
4
4
0
0
58
3. 35
3. 49
23
4. 30
4. 54
20
3.08
3.16
15
1. 68
2.31
80
3.62
3. 69
11
5.04
5.04
21
4.09
4. 25
36
3. 33
3. 38
12
2.35
2.40
Av. expend, rented prin. home, total $277.34 $254.81 $263. 76 $329.99 $260.41 $221.15 $263. 70 $257.32 $299. 88
Rent (gross, lessconcesssions). . . 275. 50 254. 77 263. 2u 323. 69 258. 45 220.88 263. 54 253.42 299.05
Repairs by tenant____________
1.84
.04
.56
6.30
1.96
.27
.16
3.90
.83
Average monthly rental rate____
24. 30 20.23 25.07 29. 51 21.70 18. 43 21.98 21.44 24. 99
Av. no. of rooms in dwell, unit_
_
Families living in dwell, with—
Less than 4 rooms_____ _____
4 rooms______________________
5 rooms______________________
6 rooms____________________ .
7 rooms or more______________
5.19
5.29
5.16
5. 09
4. 75
5.14
4.95
4. 55
4. 67
4
4
26
21
3
2
2
9
9
1
1
1
10
7
1
1
1
7
5
1
9
27
19
20
5
0
4
2
4
1
2
5
8
4
2
5
15
6
9
1
2
3
3
3
1
Notes in this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
53959°— 39------21
31?
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
SPRINGFIELD, M A SS—W HITE FAMILIES
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s
I. All families in survey 1
---------- -------------------------------------Average number of persons in economic family__________ _
Average number of persons in household_ _ _________ _
_
Number of families investing in: Principal home_____ _
Vacation home___________
Number of families having current expenditure for:
Owned principal home:
Taxes______________________ ___ _____ ____ ______
Assessments._________________________ ___________
Repairs and replacements. _-------------------------------------Fire insurance on home___ ____ ______ ______ __
Liability insurance on home. __ ___ _________ _______
Ground rent___________ ________ _____ . . . _____ _ _
Interest on mortgages_______________ ______________
Refinancing charges.. ________________ ___ ______
Rented principal home:
Rent (gross rent less concessions)____________ _______
Repairs by tenant___________________________________
Secondary housing:
Owned vacation home_______ _____________________
Rent on vacation or trip s____ ______
______ . . . _
Rent at school----------------- -------------------------------------Average amount invested during schedule year in owned:
Principal home, total----------- .. ______ ____________
Payment on principal of mortgage and/or down payment.
Improvements on home___ __________________________
Vacation home________________________________________
Average current expenditure for:
Owned principal home, total____________________ _____
Taxes______ _________ ____ __________________
Assessments_______ __ _
______
___ ____
Repairs and replacements______
__ ______________
Fire insurance on home____ . _ _______ ___ _
Liability insurance on home_________ _ ________ _
Ground rent________________ ______ ________ ____
Interest on mortgages______ ___________ . . . ____ ._
Refinancing charges_________________________________
Rented principal home, total_____
___ _______ ______
Rent (gross rent less concessions) _______ _
__
Repairs by tenant_________________________ _______
Secondary housing, total._ _ ___ _ __________
_____
Owned vacation home______ _ _____ _ ______ _____
Rent on vacation or trips------___ __ _______ ______
___
______
Rent at school.. _ __________ ______
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit______ __ ____
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms___ ____ _________ ___________________
4 rooms___ ___ _ _ ________ ______ _____________ _
5 rooms____ ________
________ _____ __________ _____
6 rooms. __ __________________________________________
7 rooms or more___________________________ ________
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12 months___
Average number of persons in economic family__________
Average number of persons in household______________ __
Families who invest, dur. the sched. yr. in owned prin. home.
Average amount invested during schedule year, total_______
Payment on principal of mortgage and down payment_
_
Improvements on home____________ _______________ _
Av. current housing expend, on owned prin. home, total___
Taxes____ _____ ______ ______ ____ _____ _
. . . ___
Assessments______________________ __________ ____
Repairs and replacements___ _____________ _____ _____
Fire insurance on home._ __ ___________
_________
Liability insurance on home____ ____________ _________
Ground rent—_______ ___ __________________ ___ _ _
Interest on mortgages_
_ ____ _______ _________________
Refinancing charges________________ ____ _____ ____ __
248
3. 75
3.99
26
0
81
5.14
5.26
8
0
99
3.45
3.67
10
0
68
2.51
2.93
8
0
66
7
32
22
0
0
58
0
22
1
11
9
0
0
22
0
23
4
9
9
0
0
19
0
21
2
12
4
0
0
17
0
182
1
58
1
78
0
46
0
0
10
2
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
5
1
$17. 94
11. 41
6.53
0
$19. 91
11. 31
8.60
0
$18.90
14.82
4.08
0
$14.20
6.58
7.62
0
70.49
30.14
.77
9. 00
1. 41
0
0
29.17
0
211. 30
211.24
.06
2.11
0
1.19
.92
5. 51
66.08
26.30
.05
8. 49
1. 97
0
0
29. 27
0
184.10
183.91
.19
0
0
0
0
5.80
63.13
27.89
1. 56
8.32
1.18
0
0
24.18
0
226.85
226.85
0
2. 42
0
1.63
.79
5.23
86. 44
38.01
.46
10. 57
1.08
0
0
36. 32
0
221.08
221.08
0
4.17
0
1.98
2.19
5. 56
20
32
80
70
46
66
4.13
4. 55
28
$61. 76
37.23
24. 53
258.60
110.11
2.88
33.80
5.30
0
0
106. 51
0
0
9
28
27
17
24
5.87
6.04
8
$67.18
38.16
29.02
219. 71
88.76
.18
28.66
6.65
0
0
95.46
0
12
12
39
25
11
21
3.57
3.91
12
$71. 33
52.09
19.24
281.73
121. 52
7. 34
39.24
5.57
0
0
108.06
0
8
11
13
18
18
21
2.69
3.47
8
$46.00
21.31
24.69
279. 91
123.10
1.49
34.24
3.48
0
0
117.60
0
1
The total families surveyed includes those in each of the 4 subgroups shown (i. e., home owners, house
renters, apartment renters with heat included in rent, and apartment renters with heat not included in rent)
and families who changed their housing status during the year, for whom no separate subgroup is shown.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 468.
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T a b l e 1 0 .—
313
Housing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.—W HITE FAM ILIES—Continued
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u s in g E x p en d itu r e s —Continued
II. Families who owned their principal home for 12 months—
Continued.
Average estimated annual rental value ______________ . __
Average imputed income from equity in owned principal
h om e______ _ _________________
_ _ __________
$342. 59
$276. 03
$357.09
$404.14
83. 99
56. 32
75. 36
124.23
Average number of rooms in dwelling u n it_______________
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms. ________________ _________________
4 rooms______________________________________________
5 rooms______________________________________________
6 rooms___________ _________ . . . ___________________
_
7 rooms or more________________ ________ _______ _
III. Families who rented house for 12 months_______________
Average number of persons in economic family____________
Average number of persons in household________________
6.31
6. 06
6. 09
6.82
0
2
15
28
21
33
4. 45
4. 81
0
1
7
8
8
18
5.24
5. 37
0
0
7
11
3
9
3. 88
4. 36
0
1
1
9
10
6
2. 96
3. 87
Average expenditure for rented principal home, to ta l___ __
Rent (gross rent less concessions) _
_________________ _
Repairs by tenant_______ _______ _____________________
Average monthly rental rate—_______ _ .. . ________ _____
$276. 78
276. 78
0
23.03
$236. 66
236. 66
0
19. 62
$300. 42
300. 42
0
25.04
$361. 69
361. 69
0
30.28
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit___ ____________
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms._ ._ ________________________________
4 rooms. __ -------------------------------------------------- ---------5 rooms____ ______ ____ _ .
.. ______ _____ _ _____
6 rooms______ _____ . . . ._ _ _____ _ ________ . . .
7 rooms or m ore.. ________ ____ . . . ______ . . . ___ _
IV. Families who rented apartment for 12 months with heat
included in r e n t . . . _________ ______ ________________
Average number of persons in economic family.. . .
Average number of persons in household__________________
6.13
5. 81
6.50
6.56
1
5
5
11
11
0
4
2
6
6
1
0
3
3
2
0
1
0
2
3
32
2.64
2. 75
1
3.73
4.97
17
3.13
3.24
14
1.96
2.01
Average expenditure for rented principal home, total__ _
Rent (gross rent less concessions)________ ____________
Repairs by tenant_________________ __________ ____
Average monthly rental rate______ . . . _______ .. . . . . _
$334. 27
334. 27
0
28. 27
$477. 50
477.50
0
39.79
$343. 47
343. 47
0
29.26
$312. 86
312. 86
0
26. 25
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.._ _ ______ . . .
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms______ . . . ___________________ __
4 rooms__________ . . . _. . . . __ ________________ _
5rooms___ __ _. ____ . . . _________. . . ____ ______
6 rooms.— ________ _ _ _______ _______ ______ _ . . .
7 rooms or more___ _______ _ _____ _ ______ ______ _
V. Families who rented apartment for 12 months with heat not
included in r e n t .. ___ _____ . . . ______ _______ _ .. __
Average number of persons in economic family____________
_ ________
Average number of persons in household_
3. 67
6. 22
3. 77
3.37
16
6
8
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
9
1
6
1
0
7
5
1
0
1
115
3. 59
3.73
37
4. 67
4. 76
51
3. 35
3.49
27
2. 56
2.78
Average expenditure for rented principal home, total___ . . .
Rent (gross rent less concessions)___ _________________
Repairs by tenant_____________________________________
Average monthly rental rate________________________ .
$279. 72
279. 59
.13
23. 27
$269.10
268. 69
.41
22. 34
$269.18
269.18
0
22.28
$314. 20
314. 20
0
26.41
Average number of rooms in dwelling unit.. _______ . . . _
Number of families living in dwellings with—
Less than 4 rooms._ ._ _ __ ______ _
_ _ _ _ _ __
4 rooms___________ _____ _ ___ _ _________________
5 rooms____ _ __ . _ .. ________ . _________________
6 room s_________ ______ .. . . . . ..
-----------------7 rooms or more------ ------------ ---------------------------------
5. 32
5. 55
5.09
5. 45
4
20
52
28
11
0
4
18
12
3
3
11
24
9
4
1
5
10
7
4
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 458.
314
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
11.—
F u el, light, and refrigeration ex pen d itu res, by econ om ic level
BOSTON, M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, a nd R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu re 9
J.
All familes in survey. --------------------Number of families spending for—
Electricity— ----------- ------------Anthracite_______ __________ - ----Bituminous coal_____________________
Coke---- ------------------ . . -- --Briquets____________________ ______
W ood_______________________________
F u elo il---- --------------- ---------Gas________________________________
Kerosene. _____________________ - —
Gasoline (not for auto)________________
Ice_______________________________
516
96
100
117
85
51
67
499
250
10
130
2
99
296
453
7
0
409
94
51
2
21
0
21
60
73
3
0
90
97
55
3
23
2
24
57
87
1
0
89
111
55
1
27
0
19
66
100
1
0
103
84
41
3
27
0
16
51
80
0
0
62
47
26
1
12
0
10
26
46
1
0
33
66
22
0
20
0
9
36
67
1
0
32
$129.17 $145.50 $142.37 $156.24 $133. 57
41.93
45. 38
47. 62
41.76
41.44
26. 04
29.15
24. 72
30.00
3i. 54
24.04 • 28.85
27.05
21.60
25.07
42. 34
39.60
47. 54
42.95
48.23
23. 72
25. 50
26. 50
25.96
31. 72
6.92
7. 27
7.44
8.88
7. 76
5. 61
6.26
7. 78
6. 26
6.17
4.87
5.46
6. 85
5.53
5.60
6. 32
6. 51
6. 82
8. 21
6. 88
24. 79
32. 52
30. 06
27. 57
33. 84
11.11
10. 38
12. 34
8. 91
12. 55
3. 59
3.91
4. 70
3.46
3.90
.09
3. 22
4. 32
3. 54
1. 53
10.00
15.01
11.49
11.66
13. 07
1.65
1.49
2. 43
. 18
. 14
.68
.62
.06
1. 42
0
.30
.51
0
. 11
.14
0
. 15
0
0
0
.52
.36
.12
,90
0
11.18
14.04
15.11
20. 03
13. 83
.32
0
0
0
0
1.64
1.44
.81
1.16
1.24
36. 44
32. 74
32. 43
34.04
21.98
14. 74
13. 33
12.97
13.13
9. 85
8. 24
9.00
8.09
8.19
4. 94
2. 35
1. 64
2.01
1.96
.66
10. 35
9. 53
9. 36
10. 76
6. 53
21.03
16. 37
20. 66
23.42
23.08
3. 22
4.09
4. 54
5. 06
5.23
3.98
5.16
5.09
5. 77
5. 82
5. 56
6.80
6.19
7. 25
6. 53
4.98
3. 61
4. 84
5. 34
5.50
.03
.08
0
.01
(2)
0
0
0
0
0
16. 22
13. 55
16. 73
16. 22
12. 95
.47
.73
1.13
1.55
1.18
2. 73
3. 76
3.86
3. 56
2.80
8. 47
7. 66
8. 27
7. 87
6.43
2.69
3.26
3. 47
3.24
2.54
$136. 07
43.08
28.41
25.17
39. 41
33.17
9. 40
7. 85
7.38
8.54
22.29
8.07
2. 79
2.02
9. 41
0
0
0
0
0
16.98
0
.54
24.18
10. 47
5. 72
.33
7. 66
26. 82
6. 57
6.47
7. 30
6. 48
.24
0
11.85
1.11
2. 96
5.41
2.37
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, to ta l1---------------------- $141.12
W inter1_____________ ___ _ _ _ _ 43. 70
Spring 1-------------------------------- 28.64
Summer 1--------------- -------- ------ 25. 21
43. 57
F a ll1______________________________
27. 40
Electricity------------------------------W inter---- ------- -._ __ ___
_
7.83
Spring..---- --------------------------6. 58
Summer.................... .......................
_
5.86
F all_______________________________
7.13
28. 51
Anthracite........... . . .
---------- _
W inter_____________________ _______ 10. 63
Spring..------ ------------------------3.81
2. 26
Summer________ ___ ____ _______
11.81
Fall_______________________________
Bituminous coal. — __ _. — _ --1.05
W inter_______ ______ . . . --------- -.49
Spring_______________ ____________
. 19
Summer--------- .
------------.03
F a ll...____________________________
.34
C o k e .--- -------------------------15.10
Briquets------- ------------------------.06
W ood_______________________________
1.17
Fuel oil________________ _______ _ __
31.40
W inter______________ _________ __. 12. 76
Spring..---- ------ -----------------7. 69
Summer---------- ----------- ------1. 64
F a l l...____________________________
9.31
21.42
Gas____ ____ ______________ ________
W inter____________________________
4. 62
Spring________ _______ _____________
5. 26
Summer_________ _________________
6. 54
Fall_______________________________
5.00
Kerosene_______ ______
________
.06
Gasoline (not for auto)___ __________ __
0
14.95
Ice___ __________ _______ _________
W inter. _ . . . ___________ ______
1.00
Spring______________ ________
3. 36
Summer___________ __ _______ _ _
7. 58
Fall_______________________________
3.01
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) included in
this total.
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
11.—
315
F u el, light, and refrigeration expen ditu res, by econ om ic level—
Continued
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Number of families in houses making payments for heat separately from rent___ _ _
Number of families spending for—
Electricity_____ ___________________
Anthracite........................................ ........
Bituminous coal........................................
Coke...................................................
__
Briquets........................................ .............
Wood__.............. ............................. ..........
Fuel oil__............................................. ......
Gas...... ........... ................................... ......
Kerosene____________ ______________ _
Gasoline (not for auto)..............................
Ice_____________ ____ ____________ ___
91
19
18
18
19
2
15
87
52
4
32
1
18
59
79
1
0
69
18
9
1
7
0
4
14
10
0
0
16
16
9
2
8
1
4
9
16
0
0
12
17
11
0
6
0
4
12
17
0
0
15
19
11
1
8
0
4
13
19
0
0
16
2
2
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
15
10
0
3
0
2
9
15
1
0
8
Av. expend, for fuel, light, and refrig., total._ $183. 80 $163.46 $184.98 $190.61 $191. 73 $197.20
25. 63
32. 32
Electricity_______ ____ ________ _ ____ 31. 50
30. 83
34. 87
26.83
43. 98
30.17
37. 35
Anthracite______________ ____ ____ _
53. 04
45. 99
92. 74
Bituminous coal.........................................
1.72
6. 85
1.59
0
.18
0
22. 28
Coke............................................ ............... 24.14
36. 47
22.90
23. 79
0
.22
0
Briquets................................................ ......
0
1.12
0
0
W ood................................................... ......
1.06
1.33
1.05
1.37
.57
0
Fuel oil........................................................ 37.75
51.95
26. 78
33. 01
40. 57
31.90
Gas ..................__......................................
14. 56
30. 30
28. 67
25. 43
26. 75
25. 59
.16
0
0
Kerosene____________________________
0
0
0
Gasoline (not for auto)________________
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ice_ ___________ ______ _________ ___ _ 16. 52
15.95
19. 62
13.91
20. 33
20.14
III . Number of families in houses not making
payments for heat separately from r en t3..
0
4
0
1
0
1
IV . Number of families in apartments making
72
payments for heat separately from rent __
357
80
79
59
37
Number of families spending for—
352
Electricity____________________ _______
71
79
78
58
36
Anthracite______________________
40
195
46
43
30
24
2
Bituminous coal__________ ___________
1
1
8
3
1
14
Coke_______________ ______ __________
98
21
15
19
12
1
0
1
Briquets_________ ' ___________
____
0
0
0
W ood____________ ______ __________ .
79
16
20
12
15
10
46
233
Fuel oil___________ ____ ______________
48
51
38
24
Gas_ __________________________ _____
58
313
69
54
67
35
2
5
1
1
Kerosene- ______________ _________ - 0
1
0
0
Gasoline (not for auto)_________ _______
0
0
0
0
Ice__ __________________ _______ _ .
305
69
44
75
73
27
$188. 03
35.06
49. 54
0
16. 55
0
1.18
35.86
37. 47
1.00
0
11.37
A y . expend, for fuel, light,and refrig., to ta l.. $145. 64
26.91
Electricity___________________________
Anthracite
___ ________________ __ _ 29. 75
Bituminous coal__..................... ........... ...
1.09
Coke_._ _______________ ____ _____
15.68
Briquets............... ....................... ...............
.03
1.41
W ood____________ ___________________
Fuel oil______________ ______ ____ . _ 35. 22
G a s __ ____________ _____ ____ _
_ _ 20.09
Kerosene _ _________________ . _ _ ___
.04
0
Gasoline (not for auto)______________ _
Ice __________ __ ____ ____ _ _
15. 42
V. Number of families in apartments not
making payments for heat separately
64
from rent________________ __ _________
Number of families spending for—
Electricity______________ __ __ _
55
G as.______ _____________________ ___
57
32
Ice___ ________________ ______________
$157. 03
31.94
25. 01
0
29. 64
0
.57
34.14
23. 07
0
0
12. 66
Av. expend, for fuel, light,and refrig., total__ $59. 60
24.51
Electricity.__________________________
Gas______________________ _________ 21.58
Ice__________________________________
9.87
All other fuel_________________ . . . . . .
3. 64
$123.89 $138.91 $153. 81 $156.15 $158.89
23.15
24.29
27.02
30.98
29. 04
24.66
32. 26
32.38
24.92
40. 20
1.79
.32
.27
3. 44
.20
9. 02
9. 36
17.12
21.18
19.07
0
.15
0
0
0
1. 54
1.74
1.49
.98
1.72
34.47
34.89
39.16
35.99
28.59
16. 23
18. 93
19. 05
22.98
25. 25
.04
.12
0
(2)
(2)
0
0
0
0
0
12. 99
16.97
17. 20
14. 82
15. 68
30
12
0
17
0
6
26
30
0
0
17
5
2
19
7
11
20
5
5
5
2
2
2
15
15
14
7
7
2
8
8
3
18
20
6
$75. 08
24. 76
25. 24
12. 50
12. 58
$55. 02
25.99
21.51
7. 52
0
$53. 82
16.02
20.09
11.82
5.89
$60. 74
29. 37
21.73
9. 64
0
$41. 57
19.23
16. 36
5.98
0
$71.21
33. 59
24.90
9. 83
2.89
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
3 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
2
30
316
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
11.—
F u e l , light , and refrigeration ex p en d itu res , b y econom ic level—
Continued
B U FFA L O , N. Y.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t , a nd R efrig era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey. _____ ____________
Number of families spending for:
Electricity.----- ------------------------Anthracite_______ __________________
Bituminous coal_____ _______ _________
Coke____ ______________ ____ _________
Briquets_______ ___ _______ ______ _
W ood________________ ______ _________
F u elo il____________________ ______ ___
Gas________________ ________ _________
Kerosene_____________________________
Gasoline (not for auto)............. ................
Ice__________________________________
450
51
82
104
85
54
74
437
260
3
220
4
63
4
425
1
1
272
51
37
0
23
1
11
0
48
0
0
45
80
43
1
45
0
12
0
79
1
0
62
101
58
1
51
0
19
1
99
0
1
63
80
48
1
41
2
11
3
79
0
0
44
51
32
0
27
1
4
0
50
0
0
30
74
42
0
33
0
6
0
70
0
0
28
$108. 52 $119. 56 $117.12 $126. 35 $118.87
37.84
38. 69
39.10
39.89
37.87
21.03
17. 85
16. 30
25. 06
22. 29
16. 64
15.13
19.07
18.90
17. 36
43.94
39. 25
40. 36
42.50
41. 35
24. 40
27.51
26. 75
29. 29
26.76
6.96
7.70
7. 48
8.02
7.24
5. 69
6. 59
6. 36
7.08
6. 59
5.12
5.90
5. 69
6. 66
6.19
7.22
6. 63
7. 32
7. 53
6.74
34. 85
26.89
33. 66
33.78
34.53
9.78
14.17
15.44
10. 63
12.78
1. 52
2.18
1. 69
5.78
4.88
.50
2. 49
1.31
2.18
0
12.44
16.49
15.19
16.87
17. 39
.80
.60
0
.27
0
.30
0
0
.27
0
.15
0
0
0
0
.40
0
0
0
0
.40
.15
0
0
0
23.48
18.06
26.13
25. 29
22.89
. 12
0
.37
.02
0
1. 52
1.18
.98
.54
.28
.46
0
0
.98
0
.14
0
0
.61
0
.12
0
0
.07
0
.09
0
0
0
0
.11
.30
0
0
0
24.54
29. 26
23.01
29.53
26.80
6.94
7.32
9.01
9.53
7.70
6. 75
5.78
5.17
6.99
6.45
4. 52
4.68
5. 43
5.19
5.24
8. 07
6.76
6. 38
7. 82
7. 41
.05
0
0
0
0
.02
0
0
0
0
7.40
6.90
6.63
6.30
7.59
.18
.16
.15
. 17
.18
1.42
1. 52
1. 37
1.30
1.56
4. 22
4. 53
4.05
3.85
4. 65
1.09
1.17
1.05
1.00
1. 20
$133. 99
43. 57
25.07
18.85
46.50
30. 97
8. 41
7. 42
7.09
8.05
39.00
13. 21
5.60
2. 31
17.88
0
0
0
0
0
25. 62
0
.88
0
0
0
0
0
31.99
10.34
7.52
5. 32
8.81
0
0
5. 53
.13
1.14
3. 39
.87
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, to ta l 1. .............. .
. . . . $121. 30
39. 59
W inter1___________________________
21. 32
Spring 1______ ____________________
Summer 1__________________________
17. 80
42. 59
Fall i______________________________
Electricity________________________
. 27.80
W inter. ________ __________________
7. 69
Spring___ ________ ____________ . . .
6. 66
6.14
Summer__________________________
F a l l. . ._________________ ____ ______
7.31
33. 56
Anthracite____ ______________________
12. 52
W inter_________ _______ ________ . .
Spring.__________ __________________
3. 56
1.60
Summer___________________________
F all_______________________________
15. 88
.33
Bituminous coal______________________
.12
W inter. _________________ ____ ____
Spring____ _______________ _____ ___
.03
.07
Summer___________________________
. 11
F a l l. . ._______ ____ _____ ___________
C o k e ..________ ______________ ____ _
23. 97
.08
Briquets_______ ______________________
.93
W ood___ _______ _____________________
.29
Fuel oil_______________ _____ _________
.15
Winter_____________________________
.04
S p rin g _________________________ _
.02
Summer___________________________
.08
F all................... ............ ........................
27.66
Gas------------ ------- -----------------8.54
W inter.............. ...................................
S p rin g ................................................
6.48
Summer___________________________
5.07
7.57
F all_________ ______ _______ _____ _
.01
Kerosene____________________________
Gasoline (not for auto)..............................
(2)
6. 67
Ice__________________________ ________
.16
Winter_______________ _____________
1. 37
Spring__________ _______ ____________
4.09
Sum m er.............................................
1.05
F a l l. . .......... ......... .................................
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) included in
this total.
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
317
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
11.—
F u el, light , and refrigeration exp en d itu res , b y econom ic level—
Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t , a nd R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Number of families in houses making payments for heat separately from rent___
Number of families spending for—
Electricity.................... ...... .......................
Anthracite............................................ .
Bituminous coal______________________
Coke..................... .......................................
Briquets—..................................................
W o o d ................. ......................................
Fuel oil..... ........ .................................... —Gas........ .............. .......................................
Kerosene .............................. ........ .............
Gasoline (not for auto) ..............................
Ice______ _______________ ____________
150
12
30
36
28
19
25
149
81
3
89
2
27
1
142
1
1
93
12
8
0
5
1
2
0
11
0
0
12
29
13
1
19
0
7
0
28
1
0
24
36
19
1
20
0
8.
1
34
0
1
24
28
16
1
17
1
6
0
27
0
0
19
11
0
12
0
2
0
19
0
0
11
25
14
0
16
0
2
0
23
0
0
7
$117.40 $136.47 $128. 76 $150. 57 $143. 44
25.15
29. 61
29. 03
33. 71
31. 20
27. 66
37. 32
36.80
39. 33
46.12
2.16
.81
0
1. 72
0
21.80
35.23
27.34
36.28
26. 87
.54
0
0
1.12
0
.75
3.06
1. 35
.85
.55
1.34
0
0
0
0
25. 48
31. 71
24.45
31. 66
29. 77
.15
0
0
0
0
.04
0
0
0
0
6.89
6.88
6.17
6.81
8. 93
$145.25
32.02
45.40
0
35. 35
0
1.38
0
27.47
0
0
3.63
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, total________ _____ ____ $138.06
Electricity_________ __________________ 30.48
38.19
Anthracite............. .................. ..................
Bituminous coal_______ ______________
1.00
31. 42
Coke...........................................................
Briquets..... ................................................
.25
W ood.......... ........................ ......................
1. 44
.32
Fuel oil.............................................. ........
28.51
Gas....................... .............. ......................
Kerosene....................................................
.03
Gasoline (not for auto)........... .............. .
0)
6.42
Ice._ ________________________________
III. Number of families in houses not making
payments for heat separately from
r en t3---------------------------------IV. Number of families in apartments mak
ing payments for heat separately from
rent_______________________________
Number of families spending for—
_ ________ _____________
Electricity_
Anthracite_______ ____________________
Bituminous coal______________________
C oke._____________________ _____ ____
Briquets_____________________________
Wood_______________________________
Fuel oil______________________________
Gas ____________________________
Kerosene_____ ____________________
Gasoline (not for auto)________________
Ice___ ____ __________________________
2
0
0
280
39
280
174
0
131
1
35
3
276
0
0
170
39
29
0
18
0
9
0
36
0
0
33
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, to ta l_________________ $119. 05
27.44
Electricity___________________________
Anthracite........ ......................................... 33. 36
Bituminous coal._______ ______ ________
0
Coke_______________ _________________ 21. 83
Briquets_____ ______ _________________
(2)
.70
W ood----------------------- -----------.29
Fuel oil—........................... ................ ........
Gas............................ ........ ......................... 28.58
0
Kerosene........... .................. ......................
0
Gasoline (not for auto) --------- ----6.85
I c e . .________________________________
V. Number of families in apartments not
making payments for heat separately
from r e n t1_________________________
18
15
1
1
0
0
50
63
52
31
45
50
29
0
26
0
5
0
50
0
0
34
63
37
0
31
0
10
0
63
0
0
37
52
32
0
23
0
5
3
52
0
0
30
31
20
0
15
1
2
0
31
0
0
17
45
27
0
18
0
4
0
44
0
0
19
$105. 77 $111. 96 $117. 62 $125.84 $117. 54
24.18
26. 71
26.64
26.89
29.73
34. 25
33. 62
34.04
31.88
27.50
0
0
0
0
0
21. 71
23. 73
21. 81
23.42
16.90
0
.04
0
0
0
.66
1. 32
.86
.43
.17
0
0
1. 62
0
0
28.21
25.69
31.22
28.44
22.26
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.17
7.08
6.99
6. 70
6. 86
$133. 77
29.99
38. 92
0
22.48
0
.69
0
35.59
0
0
6.10
0
2
4
4
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
2 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
4
4
318
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
11.— F u el,
light, and refrigeration ex pen d itu res, b y econom ic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Johnstown,, Pa.
Item
All
families
Lancaster, Pa.
E conomic 1 e v e 1—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
tlo
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fam
ilies spending per
expenditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tio n
E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey____
Number of families spending
for—
Electricity_______________
Anthracite___ ______ _
Bituminous coal______ _
Coke___ _ _ __ _________
____
Briquets___ ___ _
W ood___________________
F u eloil. . . . . . . . . . .
Gas__________
Kerosene. _.
... ... ...
Gasoline (not for auto)___
I c e . ___ _ ______ . . . . . .
153
66
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
148
2
135
0
0
14
0
117
11
2
83
64
1
61
0
0
9
0
43
8
1
36
43
1
37
0
0
2
0
36
2
1
26
30
0
27
0
0
3
0
28
1
0
16
11
0
10
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
5
149
125
0
0
0
46
1
141
22
1
110
73
67
0
0
0
27
0
68
16
0
58
46
39
0
0
0
12
0
44
3
0
36
30
19
0
0
0
7
1
29
3
1
16
Average expenditures for fuel,
light, and refrigeration, total. i $ 8 5 M $79.83 $80.81 $97.38 $107. 72
25. 83 23.74 23.68 30. 58
34.43
Winter L_ _ _ ________
22. 66
18.89 17.46 17.58 21.60
Spring1. _ ---- .. .
20.64
Summer 1_ ------ ------ 16. 86 15.66 16.65 17. 79
24. 32 22.97 22.90 27.41
29.99
F a ll1__________________
Electricity------------------ 32.91 29.40 31.21 37.19
48.30
W inter. _ . . . . . . . . .
8. 65
7.84
9.97
8.14
12.09
Spring_________________
12.38
9. 26
8.19
7.28
7. 61
Summer_______________
7.60
6.69
7. 30
8. 28
11.87
Fall___________________
7.59
8.47
8.16
9.68
11.96
Anthracite___ ___________
0
0
.43
.36
.89
W inter___ _____ _ . . .
0
0
.27
.19
.61
0
Spring_________________
0
0
0
0
Summer. __ . . . _______
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fall___________________
.16
.17
.28
Bituminous c o a l . . . ______ 26.87 28.21 23.40 27.09
30.65
W in te r ___________ _ _ 11.37 11.06
15.36
9.81 12.98
Spring.. ______________
4.68
4.98
4.08
4.76
3.81
Summer__________ ____
1.26
2.16
.64
.66
.18
Fall___________________
9. 56 10.01
8.85
9.17
10.84
0
Coke___ _______________
0
0
0
0
Briquets_________________
0
0
0
0
0
W ood___________________
0
.36
.62
.25
.14
Fuel o i l _________________
0
0
0
0
0
W inter_________________
0
0
0
0
0
Spring_________________
0
0
0
0
0
Summer________________
0
0
0
0
0
Fall___________________
0
0
0
0
0
Gas. ___________________
19.57 16.57 19.12 25. 78
21.09
W inter________________
5.04
4.19
4.83
6.94
5.89
Spring. _ ______ ___ _ 4.97
4.24
4.82
6.60
4.75
S u m m er______ _______
4.63
3.99
4.63
5.79
4.66
Fall___________________
4.93
4.15
4.84
6.45
5.79
Kerosene___ _____________
0
.84
1.16
1.04
.19
Gasoline (not for auto)___
.22
.29
.32
0
0
Ice______________________
3.22
4.70
6.88
7.68
4.69
W inter_________________
.23
.04
0
.69
1.09
Spring.. ______________
.76
.50
.75
.98
1.72
Summer________________
3.03
2. 38
3.67
3.35
3.47
Fall___________________
.68
.30
1.40
.27
1.86
$128.87 $124. 71 $134.36 $130.89
38.05
39.38
37.09
36. 22
28.39
25.17
34.08
29.94
28.19
27.64
28.85
28.59
32.52
34.24
38.48
32.00
33. 69
31.16
33.04
41.04
8.29
8.88
8.84
10.40
8.21
7.67
7.97
9.95
7.17
7.89
10.02
7.66
8.71
8.03
10.67
8.57
52.44
51.23
57.17
48.20
21.71
23.90
21.07
17.21
9.98
7.91
11.30
13.14
5.36
5.74
5.52
7.01
15.01
14.06
19.28
10.84
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.46
.44
2.24
.84
.48
0
0
2.42
.22
0
0
1.12
.18
0
0
.92
0
0
0
0
.08
0
0
.38
24.71
24.74
25.91
22.76
5.98
5.99
6.10
5.78
6.19
6.21
6. 51
5.62
6.50
6.51
5.49
7.14
6.04
6.03
6.16
5.87
1.08
1.70
.63
.37
.05
0
0
.25
13.64
17.03
15.15
14.96
.60
.18
.80
1. 36
3.29
2.56
3.88
4.23
7.44
7.61
8.28
5. 77
3. 63
3.29
4.07
3.79
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) included
in this total.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
319
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
11.— F u e l ,
light, and refrigeration ex p en d itu res , by econom ic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Johnstown, Pa —
-Continued
Item
All
families
Lancaster, Pa.—Continued
E conomic level—F a m i 1i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fam
ilies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, a nd R efrigera tio n
E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Number of families in houses
making payments for heat
separately from r e n t _____
Number of families spending
for—
Electricity..
Anthracite______________
B itu m in ou s coal
C o k e ....... ........... ..........
Briquets________________
W ood........... .......................
Fuel oil________________
Gas_____________________
Kerosene________________
Gasoline (not for auto)___
Ice - ___________________
132
61
36
25
10
123
66
38
19
130
1
126
0
0
14
0
107
9
2
70
59
0
58
0
0
9
0
41
7
1
32
36
1
35
0
0
2
0
32
2
1
20
25
0
24
0
0
3
0
25
0
0
13
10
0
9
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
5
122
122
0
0
0
146
0
117
20
0
89
65
66
0
0
0
27
0
61
15
0
51
38
38
0
0
0
112
0
37
3
0
29
19
18
0
0
o
7
o
19
2
0
9
Average expenditures for fuel,
light, and refrigeration,
total_________ ___ ___ _ $89.92 $80.91 $91.68 $100. 57 $111.96
Electricity_________ ___ _ 33. 48 29. 46 34.19
36. 60
47. 61
Anthracite______________
0
0
0
1.13
. 31
Bituminous coal_________ 29. 48 29. 59 28.00
29. 65
33. 71
Coke. __________________
0
0
0
0
0
Briquets___ ____________
0
0
0
0
0
W ood____________ ____
.41
.18
0
.67
.30
Fuel oil_________________
0
0
0
0
0
Gas___________ _________ 20.46 16.57 21.81
22.19
27.33
1.23
1.33
0
0
Kerosene________ ___ ___
.93
Gasoline (not for auto)___
.31
.38
0
.2 5
0
Ice___________ ___ ___
4. 66
4. 60
3.08
6. 69
8.45
III. Number o f families in
houses not making payments
for heat separately from
r e n t3. ____
_ __ ___
IV. Number of families in
apartments making pay
ments for heat separately
from r e n t3________ __ __
V. Number of families in
apartments not making
payments for heat sepa
rately from r e n t3___ ____
Number of families spending
for—
Electricity______________
Gas________ __________
Ice__ ___________________
$143. 20 $132.79 $149.28 $167. 20
35. 28
32. 40
34. 70
46.48
57. 63
68. 39
63.81
76.10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1. 78
2.54
.69
1.01
.59
0
0
3. 83
26. 29
25.11
27. 53
27.90
.46
1. 68
.99
1.20
0
0
0
0
14. 25
11. 21
13.43
17.19
5
2
1
1
1
5
2
1
2
7
2
3
2
0
2
1
1
0
9
1
6
2
0
22
6
7
9
22
20
15
6
6
4
7
6
6
9
8
5
$68.01
28.13
21. 66
17. 52
.70
$61. 25
21.16
24. 55
15.54
0
$76. 28
26.12
31.65
17. 42
1. 09
$66.09
34. 34
11.98
18. 92
.8 6
Average expenditures for
fuel, light, and refrigera
tion, to ta l____ _________
Electricity.
_ _ _ __
Gas_____ ____ __________
Ice. _ _ _ __________
All other fuel _______ __ _
s Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
32 0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
11.—
F u el, light , and refrigeration exp en d itu res , b y econ om ic level—
Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F u e l , L ig h t , a nd R efrig era tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
I. All families in survey__________________________
Number of families spending for:
E le c tr ic ity ..___ _ ________________________
_________________ ____________ ___
Anthracite
Bituminous coal___________ __________ ______
Coke
__________________________________ _
Briquets_______________________ ____ _ . .
Wood______________________________________
Fuel o il._______ ___________________ _______
Gas. _____________________ . . . . . . . . .. _
Kerosene___________________________ ______
Gasoline (not for auto)__________ ___ ______
Ice........................... _1_ _ _____ _ _____ . .
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigera
tion, to ta l1 ____________ ___________________________
W inter1 .......... ........ .......... .....
.................. . . . . .
Spring1__________________ _____ ____ ____ . . .
Summer L_________ ___ ____ _________________
Fall i ____
___________
______________________
__ ______________
E le c tr ic ity ._________________
____________________ ______
________ ______
W inter.
Spring ____________________ _______ ___________________ _
Summer _______________________________ _____________ _
Fall _____ _______ ________________________________________
Anthracite _____________________ . . .
W inter ______________________________ ______________ . . .
Spring ___________________________ _______ ________ __
Summer _________________ __ _____ _ . . .
Fall______________________________________
Bituminous c o a l__________ _ __ _ ________
W inter _____________________ ____ ___ __ _______
Spring__________ _____ ____ ___ _
___
Summer ___________ _______ ______ __ _______
_______
Fall _______________________________________________________
Coke _______________________________
. .. . .
..
Briquets _____________________ ___ . . _ __ __
Wood _______________________________________________________
Fuel oil____________ ______ _____________ _______ . . . . _
W inter __________________________ __ _______ __
______
Spring _________________ __ ____ ____________
Summer ___________________________ _______ __ __
Fall _______________________________________________________
Gas ____ _______________________ . . .
_ ________ . . .
W inter___________ _____________________
S p rin g ___________ ___ ___
____ __ __________
Summer ___________ _ ______________________________
Fall. ________________________________________________
Kerosene _____ ___________ __________________ ___________
Gasoline (not for auto) _______________ __________ __ _
Ice _____ _______________ _______ _____________ _______ . . .
Winter _ _____________________
_ _ _________
Spring_______________________ __________ _
Summer__________________________________
Fall______________________________________
146
25
51
41
29
143
54
3
27
0
72
84
113
6
3
76
25
12
0
4
0
16
12
18
1
1
14
48
21
3
7
0
28
30
35
3
1
28
41
15
0
9
0
16
24
32
2
1
22
29
6
0
7
0
12
18
28
0
0
12
$133. 65
40.97
25.16
24.89
42.63
30. 25
8.27
7. 34
6.85
7. 79
19. 00
7.82
.41
2.35
8. 42
1. 36
.73
.07
0
.56
10. 73
0
8.28
33. 64
12. 57
7.40
2.15
11. 52
19. 26
3.88
5.05
6.16
4.17
2.06
.03
9. 04
.46
1.91
5.29
1.38
$116.93
36.37
20. 56
19. 95
40. 05
26.11
7. 45
6.28
5. 72
6. 66
14. 73
5.60
0
0
9.13
0
0
0
0
0
7. 34
0
11.13
31. 59
13. 61
6.96
2.10
8. 92
16.20
3.08
4. 58
5.45
3.09
3.29
.02
6. 52
. 21
.78
4. 71
.82
$145. 38
44.60
26. 86
26. 57
47. 35
33. 63
9.34
8.10
7.40
8. 79
21.98
9. 02
.77
4.23
7.96
3.90
2.09
.22
0
1. 59
7.02
0
10. 28
37. 59
11. 56
8.11
2.98
14. 94
20. 30
4.46
5.26
5.96
4. 62
1. 96
. 02
8. 70
.35
1.70
5. 41
1.24
$129.06
39.15
21. 71
24.03
44.17
28.63
7. 54
6.97
6.85
7.27
23.04
7.66
0
3.09
12. 29
0
0
0
0
0
13.99
o
4.42
28.99
12.03
6.25
. 61
9.10
17.34
3.12
4. 56
5.87
3. 79
2.89
. 03
9.73
. 09
2.36
6.01
1. 27
$132.85
41.07
31.00
27.32
33. 46
30.13
8.11
7. 39
6.87
7.76
11.71
7. 86
.70
0
3.15
0
0
o
0
0
14 57
0
7. 74
35.12
14. 25
8 20
l! 49
11 18
22. 75
4. 62
5.78
7.53
4.82
0
o
10.83
1.39
2.63
4.56
2.25
1
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) included in
this total.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p 459.
321
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
11,—
F u el, light , and refrigeration ex p en d itu res , by econ om ic level—
Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H .—W HITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F u e l , L ig h t , and R efrig era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Number of families in houses making payments
for heat separately from rent__________________
Number of families spending for—
Electricity------------------------------------Anthracite--------------------------------------Bituminous c o a l- - _____
___________
Coke_______________________________________
Briquets ---------------- --------------------________________
W ood------ -----------Fuel oil-----------------------------------------Gas___________________ _
___ _ --Kerosene________ ___ _ -------- __ __
Gasoline (not for auto)____
___ ________ _
Ice______ ___ ___ --------- --------- ___ __ _
51
11
19
15
6
50
17
2
17
0
29
27
32
4
0
33
11
3
0
2
0
8
4
8
0
0
8
18
8
2
5
0
10
11
9
3
0
8
15
4
0
8
0
6
8
10
1
0
12
6
2
0
2
0
5
4
5
0
0
5
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, total------------- --------------------Electricity--------------------------------------Anthracite--------- ------------- ---------Bituminous coal--------_ _ _ _ _
___ __ _
Coke______________________________________
B riq u e ts----------------------------------Wood______________________________________
Fuel oil----- ------- -------- ---------- ---------G a s ---- ------------ -- ___ --------Kerosene___________ ___________ ___ _ __ __
Gasoline (not for auto)__________ _ ___ ___
I c e ------ --------_ ------------------
$135. 54
30. 22
19. 26
2. 63
21. 74
0
10. 51
24.98
17.87
.70
0
7. 63
$110. 01
25. 57
6. 43
0
14. 72
0
13. 72
23. 28
19. 69
0
0
6.60
$156. 29
39. 43
28. 61
7.06
12. 51
0
11.17
29. 76
19. 96
.97
0
6.82
$125. 72
23. 26
17.96
0
34.58
0
2.91
22. 06
14. 61
1.16
0
9.18
$141. 28
26.95
16. 47
0
31. 70
0
21.58
20.28
16.10
0
0
8. 20
III. Number of families in houses not making pay
ments for heat separately from rent__________
IV. Number of families in apartments making pay
ments for heat separately from rent____ ___
Number of families spending for—
Electricity—
_ ---------- --------- -_ ___
Anthracite____ _ _ ------------------------Bituminous coal. _ _ --- --------- — —
Coke___ _____ _____ _______ __ ----------Briquets__________ ______ _
________ __ _
Wood______________________________________
Fuel oil________________________ __________
Gas______________________________ __ --Kerosene---------------------------------------Gasoline (not for auto)_______________ ____
Ice______
___ ---------------------------
0
0
0
0
0
86
14
30
24
18
80
35
1
8
0
42
58
68
6
3
66
14
9
0
1
0
7
8
10
1
1
14
24
12
1
2
0
17
19
22
3
1
19
24
10
0
1
0
11
16
20
2
1
21
18
4
0
4
0
7
15
16
0
0
12
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigera
tion, total______________
______ _________
Electricity--------------------------------------Anthracite_________________________ ______
Bituminous coal____________________________
Coke____________ _______ _
__ _ __
_
Briquets______________________ _ ----------W ood________________________ _ __ _ ___ _
Fuel oil_______ _____________________________
Gas______________ ___ __ __
__ _
Kerosene_________ _____ _ ___________ __ ___
Gasoline (not for auto)_______________________
Ice_________________ ____ ___________________
$136. 97
30.45
20. 58
.75
5. 00
0
7. 32
40. 93
19. 08
3.10
.03
9. 73
$122. 51
26. 52
21. 26
0
1. 55
0
9.12
38.15
13. 46
5.93
.05
6. 47
$137.18
29. 79
18. 56
2.15
4.01
0
9.15
41. 48
19.54
2. 74
.02
9.74
$134.43
30.86
28.14
0
2.30
0
5. 53
35.07
18. 66
4. 22
.06
9.59
$151. 33
34. 03
13. 37
0
12. 92
0
5.28
50.00
23. 28
0
0
12. 45
V. Number of families in apartments not making
payments for heat separately from ren t3___ __
5
0
1
1
3
3 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
322
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
11.—
F u el, light, and refrigeration ex p en d itu res, by econom ic level—
Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture un it per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$700
and
over
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
498
108
96
82
70
60
82
471
413
3
42
1
41
8
470
7
2
348
102
94
0
9
1
9
0
102
1
2
97
88
84
1
7
0
10
0
90
2
0
82
79
70
1
6
0
8
3
80
2
0
58
66
59
0
1
0
1
0
66
0
0
40
58
46
0
5
0
7
4
58
2
0
34
78
60
1
14
0
6
1
74
1
0
37
$117.38 $119.20 $134.43 $130.29 $130.04
36.94
42.06
39.01
44.46
37.12
21.97
24. 59
20.17
26.60
25.07
23.30
24.43
25.10
25. 61
23.06
36.99
40.95
36.53
40.35
37.03
25.73
32.32
33.64
33.67
27. 37
6.80
8.37
8.74
7.33
8.56
6.18
8.14
8.34
6.81
8.45
6.02
7.57
8.11
8.04
6.24
6. 73
6. 99
8.24
8.48
8.59
56.34
42.95
45.48
53.78
51. 37
25.22
19. 78
20.03
24. 55
21.09
5.24
4.33
8.07
2.38
5.60
2.89
3. 30
5.31
1.98
4. 73
18.23
20.02
18.41
18.81
19.95
0
.97
.48
0
0
.25
.45
0
0
0
0
.22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.30
.23
0
0
4.22
3.29
.51
3.15
2.87
.02
0
0
0
0
.34
1.02
.50
.06
.39
0
0
2.59
0
3.48
0
0
1.11
0
1.72
0
0
0
.43
.85
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.05
0
.91
0
27.59
24.85
24.96
23.61
24.07
7.20
6.44
6.26
6.27
5.95
6.39
5.87
6.01
6.89
6.08
6. 65
6.08
5.98
5.58
6.05
5.89
6.25
6.33
6.85
6.06
.09
0
.03
.38
.18
0
0
0
.05
0
17.04
16.09
15. 72
14.04
16.10
1.79
1.07
2.28
1.09
.85
4. 38
4.04
4.01
4.32
3. 71
7.02
8.15
6.10
7.78
5.93
3.44
3.24
3.08
3.40
3.31
$123.13
37. 37
25.71
23.49
36.56
32. 33
8.32
7. 87
7.74
8.40
45.17
17. 62
7.63
4. 33
15.59
.24
.16
.08
0
0
8.23
0
.89
.73
.31
.21
0
.21
23.45
5.99
5.86
5. 81
5.79
.09
$400 to $500 to $600 to
$500
$600
$700
F u e l , L ig h t , a nd R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey__________________
Number of families spending for—
Electricity------- ---------- --------Anthracite______ _________________ _
Bituminous c o a l____________________
Coke________________________________
Briquets---- ---- ------------------Wood________________________________
Fuel oil- — - -----------------------Gas_________________________________
Kerosene.. __ __ _
____ _________
Gasoline (not for auto)______ _______
Ice__________________________________
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, to ta l1___________________ $124.85
39.29
Winter 1______________________ -Spring1 —.
__
--- -- 23. 65
Summer L . -- ----- ---------- 23.99
Fall C______________________________ 37.92
Electricity---- -_ ----- -------------30. 33
W i n t e r . --------------------------7.92
Spring_____________
_ ----------- -7.49
Summer __________________________
7.14
Fall_______________________________
7. 78
Anthracite-----------------------48.49
W inter.. . . . . . . . . --- -- . . . --21.20
Spring_____________________________
5.28
Summer
________
_ _ _ __
3. 56
18.45
Fall_______________________________
Bituminous coal___________ ___
_
.29
W inter_______________________
.15
Spring________
____ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
.05
Summer_____ _______________ ____
0
.09
Fall_______________________________
Coke__ __ ------- _ _ _ — ___ _ _
3.81
Briquets_____ ___ ------ --------- -(2)
.57
W ood_______________________________
.97
Fuel o i l _____________________________
W inter_____________________________
.44
.21
Spring_____________________________
Summer____________________ _______
0
.32
Fall_______________________________
Gas---- ------------- ----- ---------24.96
6.42
W inter________ ________ _____ _____
Spring ___----------------------6.23
Summer_____________ _ ______ _____
6.07
Fall_______________________________
6.24
K ero sen e.-----------------------------.13
.01
Gasoline (not for auto)___ _
__ .__
Ice _ __
---- ----------------------- 15. 29
W in t e r .--- ___ _ _ -------------1.35
Spring______ ____________
__ ___
3.98
6.80
Summer_____________ _______ ______
Fall_______________________________
3.16
0
12.00
1.22
3.30
4.98
2.50
1
Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) included in
this total.
2Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
323
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
11.—
F u el, light, and refrigeration ex pen d itu res, b y econom ic level—
Continued
PH IL A D E L P H IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Economic level-—Families spending per expendi
1
ture unit per year—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, a n d R efr ig e r a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
II . Number of families in houses making payments for heat separately from rent.. ___
Number of families spending for—
Electricity___________________________
Anthracite___ _ ___________________
Bituminous coal______________________
Coke. . . . .
______________________
Briquets____ _______________________
W ood________________________________
Fuel oil. __________________________ .
Gas__________________________________
Kerosene________ _ _____ ________ _
Gasoline (not for auto)_______________
Ice_________________ _______________
446
103
87
76
58
53
69
440
409
3
42
1
40
8
439
8
2
312
100
94
0
9
1
9
0
100
1
2
92
84
82
1
7
0
9
0
86
2
0
74
76
70
1
6
0
8
3
76
2
0
53
58
58
0
1
0
1
0
58
0
0
31
53
46
0
5
0
7
4
53
2
0
28
69
59
1
14
0
6
1
66
1
0
34
$121. 55 $127. 56 $142.92 $146. 37 $139.93
27. 48
28. 50
34. 76
36. 67
35. 68
45.04
49.09
58.04
67.10
58.15
0
.54
1.04
0
0
4. 65
2.94
3. 56
.62
3. 24
.03
0
0
0
0
.53
1.13
.44
.37
.07
0
0
0
2. 80
3.93
28. 62
26. 51
26. 27
26. 27
25. 37
.03
.43
. 10
0
.20
.06
0
0
0
0
17.73
15. 98
15. 64
12. 92
15. 80
$139. 22
35. 50
51. 85
.29
9.78
0
1.07
.86
26. 34
. 10
0
13. 43
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, total_________ _ ____ _ $134. 52
32. 37
Electricity___________________________
Anthracite_____________________
___ 53. 53
.33
Bitum inous coal_______ _________ . . .
4.17
------------------- . . .
C o k e . ----- -.01
Briquets___ . . . . . . ----------------63
W o o d ... _______________________ . . .
1.08
F u elo il____ _ _ _ _ _ _ --------------26. 76
Gas________ _____ ________________ _ _
.15
Kerosene______ . . . ----------------Gasoline (not for auto)______________ _
.01
Ice______ ____ _ . ----- ------------ -- 15. 48
III. Number of families in houses not making
payments for heat separately from rent3.
IV. Number of families in apartments mak
ing payments for heat separately from
r en t3. . _____ . . . ______________
V. Number of families in apartments not
making payments for heat separately
from rent . . . ______ _ ________ . . .
Number of families spending for—
Electricity----------------------------G a s ... _______ . . . . . . _ __________
T.ce... _____________________________
9
1
3
3
1
0
1
4
1
1
0
1
0
1
39
3
5
3
10
7
11
24
25
25
1
1
3
3
3
5
0
3
3
7
7
7
6
6
6
7
5
1
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, total_______
_ . . . . . $40. 49
14. 34
Electricity____ ____________________ _
Gas------ ------ -- ------------------ ._ 10. 52
14. 09
Ice__ _ . . . . . -----------------------1. 54
All other fuel. _______________________
$25. 61
5.28
6. 76
13. 57
0
$55. 79
14. 07
15. 72
13.95
12. 05
$30. 40
0
13.96
16.44
0
$51. 99
19. 21
11. 43
21.35
0
$55. 09
18.17
14. 28
22. 64
0
$20. 59
13. 97
5. 01
1. 61
0
3 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
324
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
11.—
F u el, light, and refrigeration exp en d itu res, b y econom ic level—
Continued
P H IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N EGRO FAM ILIES
Item
All
families
E c o n o m ic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year—
Under
$400
F u e l,
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
L ig h t, and R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey___________________________________
Number of families spending for—
Electricity-------------------------------------------------Anthracite____________________________________________
Bituminous coal______________________________________
Coke_________________________________________________
Briquets______________________________________________
W ood________________________________________________
Fuel oil______________________________________________
Gas__________________________________________________
Kerosene_____________________________________________
Gasoline (not for auto)_________________________________
Ice___________________________________________________
101
55
31
15
80
72
1
9
0
30
0
79
23
0
95
45
40
1
6
0
18
0
40
16
0
54
25
21
0
3
0
7
0
27
3
0
29
10
11
0
0
0
5
0
12
4
0
12
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, to ta l1_
Winter 1____________________________________________
Spring i_____________________________________________
Sum m er1___________________________________________
F a ll1_______________________________________________
Electricity____________________________________________
W inter_____________________________________________
Spring______________________________________________
Summer____________________________________________
Fall________________________________________________
Anthracite___________________________________________
W inter_____________________________________________
Spring______________________________________________
Summer____________________________________________
Fall________________________________________________
Bituminous coal______________________________________
W inter_____________________________________________
Spring______________________________________________
Summer____________________________________________
Fall________________________________________________
Coke____________________________________ ____________
Briquets______________________________________________
W ood________________________________________________
Fuel oil______________________________________________
W inter_____________________________________________
Spring______________________________________________
Summer____________________________________________
F all________________________________________________
Gas__________________________________________________
Winter_____________________________________________
Spring______________________________________________
Summer____________________________________________
Fall________________________________________________
Kerosene_____________________________________________
Gasoline (not for auto)_________________________________
Ice___________________________________________________
Winter_____________________________________________
Spring______________________________________________
Summer____________________________________________
Fall________________________________________________
$114. 77
37.42
23.48
22.23
31.64
18. 84
5. 30
4. 55
4. 07
4. 92
44. 61
21.16
6. 37
3.11
13.97
. 11
.05
.03
0
.03
3. 77
0
4.64
0
0
0
0
0
20. 75
5. 57
4.97
4. 78
5. 43
2. 39
0
19. 66
1. 27
5. 33
8. 88
4.18
$114. 49
38. 26
25. 85
19. 77
30.61
18. 89
5. 26
4. 59
4. 05
4.99
44. 57
21. 95
8.45
.31
13. 86
.22
.10
.06
0
.06
4.13
0
6. 47
0
0
0
0
0
18.58
4.90
4.50
4. 37
4. 81
3.10
0
18. 53
.68
5.10
9.00
3. 75
$119. 25
39. 72
21. 89
27.19
30. 45
18.91
5.46
4. 62
4.08
4. 75
45. 85
23.29
4. 53
7. 62
10. 41
0
0
0
0
0
4.94
0
1.93
0
0
0
0
0
23. 51
6. 37
5. 60
5. 32
6. 22
.48
0
23. 63
2.11
6. 36
9. 76
5. 40
$106. 56
29. 57
18.10
20. 99
37. 90
18. 52
5.13
4.24
4.10
5. 05
42.19
13. 89
2.54
4. 05
21. 71
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3. 50
0
0
0
0
0
22.94
6. 37
5. 40
5.13
6.04
3. 76
0
15. 65
1. 69
4. 08
6. 63
3. 25
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) are included
in this total.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
325
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T a b l e 1 1 . — Fuel, light, and
refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
All
families
E c o n o m ic l e v e l —Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year—
$600
and
over
$400
to
$600
Under
$400
F u e l , L ig h t , and R efr ig e r a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
II. Number of families in houses making payments for heat
separately from rent________ _____ __________ ________
Number of families spending for—
Electricity___ ________ _____ _____________ _ ___ . . .
_
Anthracite______________ __
Bituminous coal___________ ______________ ___ ____ _
Coke______________ ______ ______________ _______ . __
Briquets_________________ __
Wood__ ________ _____________________________________
Fuel oil______________________________________________
Gas___________________________________
___ _____
Kerosene___________ __________ . _____ __ _
___
Gasoline (not for auto)______________ ________________
Ice____________________________ - ______ ____ _______
74
42
21
11
67
69
1
8
0
25
0
62
15
0
69
37
39
1
5
0
17
0
31
10
0
40
20
19
0
3
0
4
0
21
2
0
22
10
11
0
0
0
4
0
10
3
0
7
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, total._
Electricity_______________________________ _ ____
Anthracite_______________________________ _ . . . ______
Bituminous coal_____________ . . . __ _ . . . _ . . . ___
Coke__________________________ _____ _
____________
Briquets___________ __________
_ __________________
Wood______________________________________
Fuel oil__________________________________________ ____
Gas__________________ _________________________ ______
Kerosene_____________________________ _ ________ ____
Gasoline (not for auto)______________________ ______
Ice___________________________________________________
$137. 09
22. 75
58. 56
. 16
4. 65
0
5.10
0
23. 42
2. 23
0
20.22
$131. 79
21. 55
56. 66
.28
4. 55
0
7.96
0
19. 33
2. 51
0
18. 95
$151. 65
24.17
62.93
0
7. 30
0
1. 58
0
29. 31
. 67
0
25. 69
$129. 54
24. 63
57. 54
0
0
0
.90
0
27. 76
4.11
0
14. 60
10
2
5
3
3
2
1
0
14
9
4
1
III. Number of families in houses not making payments for heat
separately from r e n t3________________________________
IV. Number of families in apartments making payments for
heat separately from r en t3 _____ _ ______________ __
V. Number of families in apartments not making payments for
heat separately from r e n t3____ __ _ _________________
3 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
326
T able
11.— Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$500
$400
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, a nd R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
346
75
76
65
54
38
38
323
0
278
10
0
7
1
320
0
1
207
71
0
69
0
0
3
0
71
0
0
57
72
0
65
1
0
1
1
72
0
0
56
63
0
54
2
0
1
0
60
0
1
41
50
0
38
5
0
1
0
51
0
0
27
33
0
27
2
0
0
0
33
0
0
13
34
0
25
0
0
1
0
33
0
0
13
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and
refrigeration, to ta l1___
_ ________ _ $96.26
Winter i__'__________________________ 26.25
Spring1 _____ _ __
____ ______
18.41
Summer 1 _________________________ 21. 58
Fall i______________________________
30.02
32.22
Electricity___________________________
9.08
W inter________ ________
_____ .
S p rin g _______________ __ ____
7. 69
Summer ____ _
_________ ___
7.10
Fall_______________________________
8. 35
Anthracite___ ______ _ ______________
0
0
W inter____ __ ___________ ___ _
Spring __________ ___ __________ _ _
0
Summer.. _ ____ __________ __
0
Fall_______________________________
0
Bituminous coal ___ _ _ _____ ______
21.02
W inter.- _____ _ _ __ _ _ __ ___
6.54
S p rin g_____________________ ______
.49
Summer____ ________ ______ ______
2.94
Fall_______________________________
11.05
C oke__________
____ __ _______
.95
0
Briquets— ___ _____________ _ __
W ood_________ __ __ _ ____ _ _ _ _
.04
Fuel oil_______________________ _
(2)
0
W inter__________ _____ _ _____ ___
S p rin g _____ _ _ _______ _______
0
Summer_____________
_______
0
Fall_______________________________
(2)
Gas__ _ _
___ ________ _________
30.21
W inter____ _______ __ _______ _
9.85
Spring „
_ _ ______ _ _ ____
7. 29
Summer. _ __ _ __ _____ ______
5.39
Fall_______________________________
7.68
Kerosene_______ _____ ___ _________
0
Gasoline (not for auto)___________ . _
(2)
Ice__ _ _______ _ _ ________
___ 11.82
_ __ _ __________
.51
W inter. _______
Spring___ ______________ ____ _____
2.93
Summer.. _ _________. . . . . . _____
6.15
Fall_______________________ _____
2.23
$93.34
25. 65
16.89
21.89
28. 91
29. 64
8. 74
6. 91
6.15
7.84
0
0
0
0
0
21.96
7. 34
. 51
2.95
11.16
0
0
.12
0
0
0
0
0
29. 66
9. 50
6. 82
5. 47
7. 87
0
0
11. 96
.07
2. 62
7. 32
1.95
$99. 59 $101. 45
25. 58
28.74
19. 42
19.47
23. 33
23. 56
31.26
29.68
34. 02
33. 67
9. 45
9. 66
8. 21
7.94
7. 50
7.47
8. 78
8.68
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21. 59
21.44
6.68
6.87
.51
.43
2.59
4.12
11.89
9.94
.51
.82
0
0
.02
.02
0
(2)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(2)
29.80
32. 05
9. 31
11. 01
7. 35
7. 85
5.49
5. 35
7. 65
7.84
0
0
.01
0
14.00
13.09
. 14
.90
3. 70
2.90
7. 75
6. 60
2. 41
2.69
$99.81
27. 88
20. 22
20. 55
31.16
32. 29
9. 09
7. 86
7.17
8.17
0
0
0
0
0
20.00
6. 51
.60
2. 61
10. 28
2. 30
0
.03
0
0
0
0
0
34.15
11. 85
8.48
5. 60
8. 22
0
0
11. 04
.43
3.28
5.17
2.16
$85. 35
24. 02
15. 93
16.94
28. 46
31.07
8.16
7. 30
7.28
8. 33
0
0
0
0
0
18. 56
5. 79
. 61
1.16
11.00
2.87
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25. 37
7. 57
6.17
5.07
6. 56
0
0
7. 48
.60
1.85
3.43
1. 60
$92.49
24. 46
17. 48
20. 28
30. 27
32. 54
8. 99
7. 98
7.29
8. 28
0
0
0
0
0
21. 22
4. 91
. 27
3. 87
12.17
0
0
. 03
0
0
0
0
0
28 12
9.05
6. 56
5.10
7.41
0
o
10.58
1. 51
2. 67
4. 02
2. 38
I. All families in survey _____ _____________
Number of families spending for—
Anthracite.
_____ ____________ ___
Bituminous coal_______ ___________
Coke____________________________
Briquets _ ____________ _____________
Wood _ _______________ _______ ___
Fuel oil______________________________
Gas
_ _ ____
___ _ _______
Kerosene__ ___ _ __ _ __ _________
Gasoline (not for auto)______________ _
Ice______
_ ____ _______________ -_
_
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) are included
in this total.
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459,
327
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
11.— Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , P A —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, a n d R efrig era tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
I I . Number of families in houses making payments for heat separately from rent___
260
Number of families spending for—
253
Electricity___________________________
0
Anthracite_______ _________________ _
235
Bituminous coal._ _____________
Coke_ ___ _ _____________ ____ _____ _
10
0
B riq u e ts____________________________
W ood________________ _____ __________
7
1
Fuel oil______________________________
Gas___ _ . ___
________________
253
Kerosene____________________________
0
1
Gasoline (not for auto)________________
161
Ice_________________________________
Av. expend, for fuel, light, and refrig, total- $105.94
Electricity___________________________
34. 57
0
Anthracite________________ __ ______
Bituminous coal_____________ ________ 24. 74
Coke. _______ __________________ ____
1.25
Briquets.. _____________ . . . _______
0
.06
W ood______
______________________
Fuel oil________ _______ _ ________ _
(2)
Gas__________________________________ 33. 25
0
Kerosene___________________________
Gasoline (not for auto)________________
(2)
12. 07
Ice_______________________________ .
III. Number of families in houses not making
13
payments for heat separately from r en t3___
IV. Number of families in apartments mak
50
ing payments for heat separately from rent.
Number of families spending for—
47
Electricity____ ______ . . . . . .
.
0
Anthracite_________ _ . . . ___________
41
Bituminous coal.. ______ _____________
0
C o k e . . . ____________ _______________
0
Briquets__________________ _____ ___ _
0
W ood_____________ _______ ___________
0
Fuel oil____
______ ______________
48
Gas___ ____________________________
0
Kerosene_____________________________
0
Gasoline (not for auto)_________ _______
30
Ice______________________ ___________
Av. expend, for fuel, light, and refrig., total. $82. 87
28. 30
Electricity______ _ . . . ____________
0
Anthracite___
____________________
15.59
Bituminous coal_________________ ____
0
Coke____________ _______ ____________
0
Briquets____________________________
0
W ood_______________________________
0
Fuel oil______________________________
27. 79
Gas_____ ______________ ___________ _
0
Kerosene.. ___________ _ _________
0
Gasoline (not for auto)___ __________
11.19
Ice_________________________________
V. Families in apartments not making pay
22
ments for heat separately from rent.
Number of families spending for—
13
Electricity___ .
_________________
11
G a s ____________ ______ . . .
______
10
Ice__________________________________
Av. expend, for fuel, light, and refrig., total. $43. 04
21.72
Electricity________ _ _______________
Gas__________________________________ 10. 21
I c e ... __ _______________ _______ _. 10. 49
.62
All other fuel_______________
_______
67
57
65
58
0
0
64
55
1
0
0
0
]
3
1
0
64
58
0
0
0
0
51
42
$96. 84 $111.39
37. 33
30. 88
0
0
23. 51
25. 38
.68
0
0
0
.03
.14
0
(2)
30. 36
33. 77
0
0
0
0
11.95
14.20
47
22
24
45
42
20
0
0
0
44
31
19
2
5
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
44
43
21
0
0
0
0
0
1
32
22
8
109. 09 $110. 28 $103.11
35. 21
34. 43
34.75
0
0
0
25. 33
22. 64
23. 75
1.14
2. 89
4. 94
0
0
0
.02
.04
0
0
0
0
34.10
38. 40
32.09
0
0
0
.01
0
0
13. 28
11.88
7. 58
43
23
0
22
0
0
1
0
23
0
0
6
$106. 79
37.08
0
30. 06
0
0
.05
0
30.17
0
0
9.43
0
4
3
2
2
2
6
10
11
7
9
7
5
0
5
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
4
$64. 71
21.26
0
11.89
0
0
0
0
25. 54
0
0
6. 02
9
0
9
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
7
$81. 39
28.11
0
18.11
0
0
0
0
22.19
0
0
12. 98
11
0
9
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
5
$84. 29
31.54
0
13.89
0
0
0
0
31.54
0
0
7. 32
7
0
7
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
4
$82. 75
9
0
8
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
5
$87.10
30. 63
0
20. 32
0
0
0
0
23.97
0
0
12.18
6
0
3
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
5
$92.99
24. 97
0
12.10
0
0
0
0
38.96
0
0
16.96
29. 83
0
15. 21
0
0
0
0
25.59
0
0
12.12
2
5
3
2
5
5
1
1
2
$61. 66
12. 81
18. 79
30. 06
0
2
2
5
$47.14
13.14
13.12
18.15
2. 73
2
1
1
$49. 27
28. 69
4. 55
16.03
0
1
1
0
$34.16
27. 33
6. 83
0
0
4
3
1
$38. 20
28. 09
8. 52
1.59
0
3
3
1
$36.14
21.06
10. 30
4.78
0
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
3 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
5 3 9 5 9 ° — 3 9 -----2 2
328
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 1 1 .—
Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa —
Negro families
Item
All
families
Portland, Maine—
White families
E c o n o m ic le v e l—
Families s p e n d in g
per expenditure unit
per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
E c o n o m ic le v e l —
Families spending per
expenditure unit per
yea*
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t , a nd R efrigera tio n
E x p e n d it u r e s
I. All families m survey ---------Number of families spending for—
Electricity_____ ______ ___ __
A n th racite-_________________
Bituminous coal_____ ____ _
Coke______________
_ _ _ _
Briquets___________ ______ _
Wood _________________ __
Fuel oil_____________________
Gas___________ _______ ____
Kerosene________________
Gasoline (not for auto)_______
Ice________
___ ________
97
49
35
13
153
66
50
37
91
1
78
0
0
0
1
86
7
0
87
44
0
43
0
0
0
1
40
6
0
45
34
0
27
0
0
0
0
33
1
0
32
13
1
8
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
10
147
43
36
40
5
56
99
61
4
0
110
61
17
20
10
3
21
46
12
0
0
53
50
16
8
17
1
22
34
22
1
0
34
36
10
8
13
1
13
19
27
3
0
23
Average expenditures for fuel,
light, and refrigeration, total*__ $90. 58
26.99
Winter *_ ________________
18. 58
Spring 1___________________
18. 34
Summer 1_____________
26. 67
Fall i______________________
E le c tr ic ity _____ _ ______
23.23
W inter______ _ _ ___ _
7. 30
Spring_____ _
_______
5. 49
Summer-_ _____ ______
4. 35
Fall-— ____ _______________
6.09
Anthracite____
_ __
.18
Winter __________ _____
0
Spring_________ ___ __ _ _
0
Summer ___ _ _ ___ ___ _
0
Fall_______________________
.18
Bitum inous coal _______ _ __ 20.14
W inter___
____ ___ _
7. 24
2. 60
Spring________ __ _
__ _____
1.28
Summer_______
9. 02
Fall_______________________
Coke________ _ ___ _______
0
Briquets ______ _ __ _ __ _
0
W ood_______________________
0
Fuel oil________ ____ _ . __
(2)
W inter______
_____
0
Spring______ ____________
(2)
Summer____ _
______
(2)
Fall_______________________
0
Gas_________________________
30.11
11.27
W inter____________ _______
Spring_______ __
___
6.98
Summer __ _ _ ___ _______
4.18
Fall_______________________
7. 68
.29
Kerosene___
____ ___
Gasoline (not for auto) ________
0
16. 63
I c e _______ _
1.10
W inter___________ ___ ___
S p r in g ___ _
__ __ ___
3. 43
Sum m er._____ _ _ __ __
8. 48
3. 62
Fall_______________________
$90.14
28.09
18. 41
18. 42
25. 22
22. 06
7.03
4.98
4.12
5.93
0
0
0
0
0
24.09
9. 94
3. 49
1.56
9.10
0
0
0
.01
0
.01
(2)
0
27.10
10.24
6. 41
3. 64
6.81
.54
0
16. 34
.73
3. 37
9.01
3.23
$88. 70
25. 05
18. 81
17.17
27. 67
22.17
6.92
5. 63
4.06
5. 56
0
0
0
0
0
14.73
3.93
1. 65
.15
9.00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
33.58
12. 58
7.83
4.70
8.47
.06
0
18.16
1. 61
3. 68
8.26
4. 61
$97. 33
28.08
18. 60
21.18
29. 47
30. 53
9.32
7.03
6.04
8.14
1.28
0
0
0
1.28
19. 73
6.00
1. 76
3. 22
8. 75
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32.16
11.65
6.81
4.82
8.88
0
0
13. 63
1.11
3.00
7.10
2. 42
$135. 79 $120.83 $141.18
41.19
42. 77
37. 33
24. 82
23.05
22.03
20.93
17.81
23.08
48. 85
52.28
4a. 66
32. 31
30.48
26. 92
8. 59
9. 09
7.68
6. 51
7. 72
7.45
6. 36
5.50
7.00
8. 08
7.23
8.50
17. 53
13. 99
20.11
5. 97
6. 88
3. 58
1.02
1.50
1.05
.98
.32
2. 58
9.08
9.07
9.60
11.74
13. 89
9.18
4. 25
5.74
3. 52
.91
.76
.94
.30
.18
.68
6.28
7.21
4.04
15. 61
7.97
20.59
1.15
1. 36
.78
4. 71
4.06
3.90
35. 39
34.09
40. 30
11.84
13. 50
11.60
8.13
9.37
7. 56
4. 79
5. 25
4. 63
10.63
12.18
10. 30
6. 30
12.88
13.17
2.98
1.41
2.92
3.19
1.50
3.24
3. 64
1.89
3. 82
3.07
1.50
3.19
.32
0
.09
0
0
0
6. 63
6. 20
6.15
.16
.12
.12
1.37
1.20
1. 27
4.06
4.03
3. 78
1.04
.85
.98
$155. 32
45.93
32. 26
23. 62
53. 51
34. 39
9.54
8. 80
7. 02
9.03
20.34
9.00
2. 95
0
8. 39
11.37
2.58
1.14
0
7. 65
22. 52
1. 30
3.50
28. 39
9. 21
6.70
4.17
8. 31
24.28
5.88
6.16
6. 53
5. 71
1.19
0
8.04
.28
1. 79
4. 51
1.46
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) are included
in this total.
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
329
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
11 .— Fuel, light,and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families— Continued
Item
All
fami
lies
Portland, Maine—White
families—Continued
E c o n o m ic l e v e l —
Families spending
per expenditure unit
per year
Under
$400
$600
and
over
$400
to
$600
All
fami
lies
E c o n o m ic l e v e l —
Families
spending
per expenditure unit
per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tion
E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Families in houses making payments for heat separately from rent_
Number of families spending for—
Electricity_________________ ___
Anthracite. _ __ __ _____
Bituminous coal ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Coke____ _ ______ ____ _
Briquets_________________ ____
Wood____________________ ___
Fuel oil________________________
Gas ________ _______ __ ___
___ ______
Kerosene ___
Gasoline (not for auto) __ _ _ __
I c e ___________________________
Av. expend, for fuel, light, refrig., total,.
Electricity ________ ______
___________ _
Anthracite. __
Bituminous coal . _________
C o k e ________ _ __ _______ _
Briquets________ _____ ___
W ood__________________________
Fuel oil_______ __ __________
Gas _________ _______ _______
Kerosene. ___ ______ _________ _
Gasoline (not for auto) _ __ _ _ __
Ice___________ _________ _ _
III. Families in houses not making pay
ments for heat separately from rent, _
IV. Families in apts. making pay
ment for heat separately from rent.
Number of families spending for—
Electricity________ _ _ _____
Anthracite_____
_ ___ __ _
Bituminous c o a l ______
____
Coke__ ___ _ __ ._
______
_____
B riquets... ____
Wood__________________________
Fuel oil
_ _ ___ ___ ______ ____
Gas __ _ ___ _ __ ____ _______
Kerosene.. __ ________ _ _____
Gasoline (not for auto)___ ___ _ _
Ice. ___
__ _________ _______
Av. expend, for fuel,light,refrig., total.
Electricity ______ ___
_ ___ _
Anthracite.. _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _
Bituminous coal_ _ _
.
Coke______ _ _ _ ______ _ _._
Briquets___________ .__ _______
W ood__________________________
F u eloil
___
______
Gas______ _ _ . _______
Kerosene___ ___ _______ _ ___
Gasoline (not for auto) _________
Ice_____________________________
V. Families in apts. not making pay
ments for heat separately from rent 3_
Number of families spending for—
Electricity___ ___ _
_ __
Gas_______ ________
__ _
Ice_____________
_____ _____
Av. expend, for fuel, light, refrig., total.
Electricity_______ _
.__ ___
Gas_____________ _________
Ice __ _
_ _______
__ ___
All other fuel________ _ ___ _.
54
32
15
7
49
15
6
28
0
0
0
0
14
4
48
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
48
27
7
5
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
47
13
4
30
$96. 60 $92. 69 $102. 34 $102.17
23.88 20.61
26. 58
33.01
0
0
0
0
26. 79 29. 34
21. 94
25. 50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
34. 44
30.17 26. 02
37.06
.34
.52
.13
0
0
0
0
0
15. 42 16.20
16. 63
9. 22
48
16
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
41
16
19
6
80
42
25
13
14
38
1
0
29
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
37
12
2
2
0
0
14
38
$85.15 $87. 87
23. 34 25.17
.41
0
12. 35 15.14
0
0
0
0
0
0
.03
.01
30. 57 29. 25
.25
.64
0
0
18. 22 17.64
18
0
13
0
0
0
0
19
0
0
19
$80. 79
20. 45
0
9. 80
0
0
0
0
32.02
0
0
18. 52
6
1
4
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
5
$91. 73
27. 64
2. 78
13. 02
0
0
0
0
29. 52
0
0
18. 77
1
0
2
1
42
13
80
25
25
12
3
10
23
15
5
3
21
4
10
7
2
1
1
0
32
9
5
18
32
56
15
9
26
6
11
9
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
65
36
8
$137. 50 $125. 53 $143.83 $163. 89
31. 72
37. 34
30. 35
27. 37
21. 52
11.61
15. 84
13. 76
14. 01
11.46
11.00
16.46
17. 52
33. 66
13. 40
4.67
.05
1. 56
0
.51
4. 04
4.80
4. 83
5.10
35. 50
38. 25
42.18
47. 37
21.57
9. 04
3. 52
11. 79
0
0
.15
.06
0
0
0
0
6. 42
7.28
7. 23
7.81
20
7
6
7
14
8
15
$59. 29
19. 26
11. 56
9.29
19.18
2
0
5
$26.90
7. 43
0
5. 35
14.12
6
3
5
$77. 20
26. 73
11. 08
8. 37
31.02
6
5
5
$76.93
24. 54
23. 53
14.76
14.10
Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
N otes on this table arc in appendix A, p. 459.
15
48
16
17
15
4
17
6
7
11
4
3
4
18
6
7
5
3
2
0
1
22
3
12
7
32
10
14
8
24
6
11
7
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
27
11
7
9
$165.88 $145.65 $160.80 $193. 20
35. 05
33.91
35.16
36.15
27.84
18.20
26. 59
39. 54
12. 82
10. 34
10.17
18. 51
25. 70
29.86
20.60
26. 40
2. 83
0
3. 20
5.47
3.99
.81
6. 09
4. 99
35. 30
35. 71
39.20
30. 45
18. 26
16. 70
10.84
28. 32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.64
4.09
2.89
3.91
33 0
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
11.— Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Scranton, Pa.
Rochester, N. Y.
Item
All
families
Economic level —
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
301
95
115
91
286
125
3
203
1
54
16
296
6
1
237
94
34
1
66
0
18
9
95
4
1
80
109
54
2
78
0
24
3
113
0
0
95
83
37
0
59
1
12
4
88
2
0
62
All
families
Economic level — Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
$600
and
over
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
231
38
58
95
40
227
201
0
0
0
12
0
152
11
2
158
38
37
0
0
0
1
0
13
1
0
30
57
53
0
0
0
4
0
37
2
1
38
92
81
0
0
0
6
0
67
8
1
70
40
30
0
0
0
1
0
35
0
0
20
F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tio n
E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey__ _______
Number of families spending for—
Electricity_____________
___
Anthracite ___
_ _______
Bituminous coal_________ _ _
Coke________________________
B riq u ets____________________
W ood_______________________
Fuel oil__ ____________ _____
Gas________ _ __ - - - - - Kerosene__________ _______
Gasoline (not for auto) ______
Ice __________________ _____
Average expenditures for fuel,
light, and refrigeration, total___
W inter1____________ ______
Spring1 ----- _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Summer 1__ ___ __________
F a ll1______________________
Electricity__________________
W inter____________ _______
Spring____________________
Summer________ _____ _ __
F all_______________________
Anthracite--------------- --Winter _______ _ _ _ _ _ _
Spring-----------------------Summer__________________
F all__________ -___________
Bituminous coal_________ _ _
W inter____________________
Spring_____________________
Summer________________ _
F all_______________________
Coke_ _____________________
Briquets_____________________
W ood_______________________
Fuel oil______________________
W inter____________________
Spring___ ____ ______ ______
Summer_________________
F all_______________________
Gas__ _________ ___ __ ___ __
Winter_____________ _ _ __
Spring--------------- -----Summer___________________
Fall_______________________
Kerosene. _ _______________
Gasoline (not for auto)__ _ __
Ice________________ __________
W inter____________________
Spring_____________________
Summer.. ____ _______ _
F all_______________________
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
138.25 139. 62 139.88
37.11 41.38 37.04
32. 94 28.80 34.64
26.79 23.91 29.95
41.41 45.53 38. 25
27.43 27.01 28.07
7.50
7. 51
7.79
6. 52
6. 65
6.75
6.15
5.93
6.25
7.13
7.05
7.28
25.08 24.04 25. 75
8.40
9.40
7.96
4.22
5.44
5.81
3.17
1.46
5.60
8.07
8.96
6. 38
.49
.97
.48
.29
.58
.28
.12
.39
0
0
0
0
.08
0
.20
45.31 45.61 45.38
.01
0
0
.80
1.00
.81
1.43
2. 59
.41
.80
1.28
.32
.16
0
.48
.04
.11
0
.72
.09
.43
27. 66 29.12 28.82
6. 72
6.96
7.11
6. 81
7.24
7.13
7.09
7.68
7.28
7.04
7.24
7.30
.05
.05
0
0
(2)
(2)
9.99
9.23 10.16
.12
.01
.18
1.62
1.61
1.46
6. 36
6.16
6. 54
1.82
1.90
1.60
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
134.84 118. 88 104.68
32. 89
37.57 36.11
35.08
25.12 21. 64
25.83
22. 56 19. 30
41.04
33.63 27.63
27.19
28.45 23.87
7.27
7. 53
6. 62
6.63
6.94
5.83
6.26
6. 57
5.14
7.03
7. 41
6.28
25.33
60.96 65.19
7.90
24.87 27.84
6. 25
10. 68 12. 24
1.89
5. 27
5.95
20.14 19.16
9.29
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
44.81
0
0
.05
0
0
.57
.06
.28
1.52
0
0
.91
0
0
.03
0
0
.03
0
0
.55
0
0
24.70
19.32
7.65
1.54
5. 96
4. 48
4.90
5.97
1.79
2.74
6.23
5.32
4.62
6. 54
1.58
.09
.29
.24
0
.24
0
10.58
9.34
7. 67
.04
.16
.57
1.76
2.44
1. 77
6. 36
5.09
5.26
2. 30
1.24
.60
D o l.
D o l.
122. 66 121.09
37.62 36. 82
26. 74 25.00
22.80 23. 68
35.50 35. 59
30.26 26. 75
7.94
7.06
7.48
6.49
6. 96
6.23
7.88
6.97
63.81 61.31
24. 44 24. 24
12.38
9. 76
5. 58
5.58
21.41 21.73
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.44
.32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
19.77 20.59
4. 65
4. 72
5.02
5.30
5.29
5.64
4.81
4.93
.17
.49
.56
.24
7.65 11.39
.34
.69
1.57
3.24
4.77
5.77
.97
1.69
D o l.
121.61
40.68
26. 37
22. 60
31.96
34.15
8.92
8. 25
8.16
8. 82
52.02
24.18
8. 94
3.42
15. 48
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.17
0
0
0
0
0
26.73
6.44
6. 72
7.06
6.51
0
0
8.54
1.14
2. 46
3.79
1.15
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal for briquets), wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) are included
in this total.
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459,
331
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T a b l e 1 1 .—
Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, hy economic level— Contd.
W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Rochester, N. Y.—Continued
Scranton, Pa.—Continued
Economic level —
Families spending
per expenditure
All
unit per year
families Under $400
$600
to
and
$400
$600
over
Economic level — Families
spending per expenditure
All
unit per year
fami$600
$400
lies Under $300
to
and
to
$300
$400
$600
over
Item
F u e l, Light, a nd R efrigera tio n
E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Families in houses paying for
heat separately from rent____ _
Number of families spending for—
Electricity. ___________ _____
Anthracite. _____ _ . . . .
Bituminous coal... ._. _. . . . .
Coke_______ ___________ . . .
Briquets________ _______ _
W ood_______________________
Fuel oil--------------- . . . .
Gas . _. . .
. . . -----------Kerosene______________ ____
Gasoline (not for auto)____ _
Ice____________________ . . .
201
59
80
62
93
22
24
34
13
201
99
3
148
1
33
15
201
4
0
156
59
23
1
44
0
10
8
59
2
0
50
80
45
2
59
0
12
3
80
0
0
65
62
31
0
45
1
11
4
62
2
0
41
93
93
0
0
0
5
0
61
4
0
67
22
22
0
0
0
0
0
10
1
0
18
24
24
0
0
0
2
0
14
1
0
17
34
34
0
0
0
2
0
25
2
0
23
13
13
0
0
0
1
0
12
0
0
9
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
Av. expend, fuel, light, refrig., total.
Electricity____________
____
A n th r a c ite ._____ _______
Bituminous c o a l_____________
Coke____________ _________
Briquets____
____________
Wood __ ___________ . . .
Fuel oil. ___ . . . _____ ______
Gas. .
--- ------ --Kerosene___ ____ . . . . ______
Gasoline (not for auto) ____
Ice----------- ---------------- .
III. Families in houses not paying
for heat separately from rent 3_
_
IV. Families in apartments paying
for heat separately from rent-.
Number of families spending for—
Electricity- ______________ .
Anthracite. _______ ______
Bituminous coal ____ _____
Coke_________ _ ______ _ _
Briquets___ __ __ _ __ __ __
W ood_______________________
F u eloil __ ______________
Gas _ _ _______ ____ _ . __.
Kerosene. __ _ ._ ___ ______ _
Gasoline (not for auto)— _
Ice __________ _. . . .
-_.
153.99 151. 63 154. 09 155. 90
30. 04 29.51 30. 02 30. 55
29. 92 24.79 31. 53 32. 74
.73
1.56
.69
0
51.54 52.43 49. 80 52. 92
.02
0
0
.07
.86
1.09
.79
.75
1.95
3. 65
.58
2.09
29. 05 29. 55 30.15 27.00
.04
.02
.14
0
0
0
0
0
9.84
9.03 10. 53
9.64
Av. expend, fuel, light, refrig., total.
Electricity___________ _____
Anthracite
__ _______ __ ..
Bituminous coal_ __ __________
Coke___________ _ . . . ____
Briquets___ _______________
W o o d ... ______ _ _ _ ____
Fuel oil___________ ________
Gas------------------------ ._
Kerosene._______ . . . __
.
Gasoline (not for auto) _ ____
Ice__________________________
V. Families in apts. not paying for
heat separately from rent___ _ _
Number of families spending for—
Electricity__________________
Gas
_
_________________
Ice__ _______________________
137. 80 138. 32 138. 49 135.82
26. 81 25. 05 27. 38 29.06
20. 84 30.16 15. 07 12. 92
0
0
0
0
46. 85 39. 26 53. 65 50.10
0
0
0
0
1.01
1.16
.41
1.23
.63
1.16
0
.66
30.18 31.84 30. 30 27. 05
.01
0
0
.01
0
0
0
0
9. 68 10.86 15. 62
11.47
D o l.
158. 91
33.89
81.57
0
0
0
.52
0
31.17
0
0
11.76
4
1
2
1
6
2
0
3
1
65
27
23
15
95
13
26
42
14
65
21
0
49
0
21
2
65
1
0
58
27
10
0
18
0
8
1
27
1
0
23
23
7
0
19
0
12
0
23
0
0
21
15
4
0
12
0
1
1
15
0
0
14
92
93
0
0
0
5
0
67
6
1
61
12
11
0
0
0
1
0
3
1
0
9
25
26
0
0
0
2
0
16
1
0
15
41
42
0
0
0
2
0
37
4
1
32
14
14
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
5
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
118.17
28. 55
61.65
0
0
0
.29
0
18.14
.51
.25
8. 78
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
90. 30 121.13 122. 55
24. 25 30. 71 •25. 85
52. 68 63. 85 64. 28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.54
.18
.27
0
0
0
4.11 20.05 19.94
.31
.78
.60
.56
0
0
8. 48
5. 67 10. 87
D o l.
125. 45
36. 65
58. 03
0
0
0
0
0
22. 24
0
0
8. 53
23
4
9
10
37
1
8
16
12
11
17
14
3
3
4
4
7
6
4
7
4
35
29
26
1
0
1
7
7
7
15
11
12
12
11
6
D o l.
Av. expend, fuel, light, refrig., total— 29.15
Electricity______ . . . ______ .
9.92
Gas ____ ______ _ _ _______
10. 30
Ice____ ____ __ ________ . _ 8. 55
All other fuel__________ ______
.38
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
45. 05
17. 65
11.86
15. 54
0
29.19
8. 83
11. 59
7.81
.96
22. 72
7. 79
8.49
6. 44
0
77. 48
26. 32
25. 55
11.67
13. 94
D o l.
D o l.
82. 22 101. 40
20.14 31.28
0
34. 22
14. 54 18. 45
47. 54 17.45
D o l.
71. 94
22. 77
23.74
12.54
12.89
3 Detailed information not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
D o l.
D o l.
135.05 105.98 131. 42 147. 32
26. 93 15.81 29. 43 29. 70
81.30 75. 87 80. 62 85.19
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.33
.31
0
.47
0
0
0
0
6.92 14. 67 20. 46
17. 25
.04
.07
.10
.07
0
0
0
0
9.19
7. 31
6.19 11. 54
D o l.
68. 52
28. 27
24. 32
5. 75
10.18
332
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 1 1 .—
Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Contd.
SP R IN G F IE L D , MASS.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
All
families
Item
E con om ic le v e l—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F u e l , L ig h t , and R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
I. All families in survey ________________________
Number of families spending for—
Bituminous coal.
_ .
_ -____
_____ _
__ ______________ _
Wood
________ _____ - -- -- -- ______________
F u elo il_____________ ____ ____ ______ ____________ -Gasoline (not for auto)
___________________________
__
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, to ta l1_Winter i____________________________________________
Spring1 ___________ ____________________ ________
Summer 1___________ ___________ ________________
F a ll1
__________________________________________
Electricity. _ __ ___________________
______________
_____
__ ___________
___________
Winter..
___ _
___ _ __ __ _____________
Spring— ____
Summer_____ _ _________________________ ________
Fall
_______________________________________
Anthracite ___ _______ ______ _ _ __ _ ____________ _
Winter
___ ___ ___ ____ - _____ ____________ _____ _________ _____________ ________
Spring
Summer
____ ________________ ______________
Fall
_ ________________
_______
________
Bituminous c o a l__ __ __ __ ___ _ _ _____________
Winter ___ __
__ __ __ _ ____ __ _______ _ _
Spring
_____ _______________________________
__ _________ ________________ - Summer____
Fall
______ ____ ________________________________
Coke
__ _____________________ ___ ______
B r iq u e ts .._____ ____ __ ________
_______ _____
Wood _ _____ ____ _ ______________________________
Fuel oil
____
____ _ _ _ _
__ __________
____
__ __
W inter__ _____ _ _ ___ ________________
Spring________ ____ ___ _
__ _____ _____ _ ______
Summer
_ ____ _______ _
__ . . _ ________
Fall________________________________________________
Gas
________ ____ _____ ___ _
_______
_____
W inter____________ _________ _
____ _____ _
Spring_________
._ ____ _ ________ ________ _
_
Summer_____________ _ _ ______ ____ _______ ______
Fall _______________________________________________
Kerosene_________
__ _________________ ____ _____ _
Gasoline (not for auto) _ _ _______ ___ ______________
Ice _________ ___ ______ _ _____________ _____ ______
Winter_____ _______ ____________________________
Spring
__
___ . __ __ __ _
Summer _____ _ __ __ __ ____________ _______
F a l l_______________________________________________
248
81
99
68
247
115
5
76
1
36
108
220
14
2
186
81
39
2
31
0
18
40
69
8
1
73
99
47
1
24
o
11
41
88
4
o
71
67
29
2
21
1
7
27
63
2
1
42
$138. 57
40.25
27.58
27. 77
42.97
27. 52
7. 51
6. 57
6.24
7.20
32.04
11. 08
3. 95
3. 62
13. 39
1. 01
.43
. 17
0
.41
20.11
.03
1. 97
18. 27
7. 51
3. 93
.93
5. 90
24. 37
5.50
6.16
6. 90
5. 81
1. 33
.01
11.91
.28
2.98
7.12
1. 53
$138. 06
42.00
26.40
26.39
43. 27
24.59
6. 82
5.84
5.37
6. 56
26. 87
8.97
3.40
2.67
11. 83
2.67
1.02
. 52
0
1.13
21. 30
0
3. 57
20.79
8.03
4. 38
1. 44
6.94
23. 86
5.23
6.02
6.96
5. 65
1.68
.01
12.72
. 33
3.00
8.05
1. 34
$134. 43
35. 79
26. 07
27. 77
44. 80
28. 01
7. 56
6.67
6.49
7. 29
34. 91
11. 30
4. 57
3. 25
15. 79
. 11
0
0
0
. 11
16. 50
0
1.48
17. 46
7. 36
3. 50
. 86
5. 74
23. 38
5. 40
5.93
6. 49
5. 56
.83
0
11.75
.27
2.82
6. 88
1. 78
$145. 20
44. 59
31. 22
29. 45
39. 94
30.12
8.20
7.25
6. 88
7.79
34.06
13. 25
3. 76
5.29
11. 76
.35
.35
0
o
0
23.99
.11
.78
16.42
7.10
4. 02
.43
4. 87
26.44
5.97
6. 66
7.45
6. 36
1.66
.05
11.22
.25
3.22
6. 37
1. 38
1 Expenditures for coke, charcoal (or briquets). wood, kerosene, and gasoline (not for auto) are included
in this total.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
333
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
11 .— Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level— Contd.
SP R IN G F IE L D , M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
All
families
E con om ic le v e l—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
II. Number of families in houses making payments for heat
separately from rent_________ _________________________
Number of families spending for—
Electricity________________ ___________________________
Anthracite_________________ __________________________
Bituminous coal______________________________________
Coke____________ ____________________________________
Briquets_____________________________ _______________
Wood________________________________________________
Fuel oil________ ____ _________________________________
Gas____________________________
___ _ _
________
Kerosene_______________________________ ___________
Gasoline (not for auto)______________ __________________
Ice__________________ __
________________________
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, total-_
Electricity___________________________________________
Anthracite____ ___________ _ _____ _______ ____ —
Bituminous coal__________________ _
_ __ _________
Coke________________ ___ _______________________
Briquets____ ______________________________ ________
W ood---_____________ _______________________________
F u elo il______________________________________ ______
Gas____________ ____________ _____ ___________________
Kerosene__________________ __________________________
Gasoline (not for auto) ___ ___________________________
Ice_________________________________________ ________
III. Number of families in houses not making payments for heat
separately from r en t3 _______________ _____________
IV. Number of families in apartments making payments for
heat separately from rent_____
_____________ ______
Number of families spending for—
Electricity_ _______ _______ _______________ ______ ____
_
Anthracite-________ _______ ___________________________
Bituminous c o a l...__________________________________
C o k e ________________________________________________
Briquets.._________________________________ __________
Wood------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- __
Fuel oil--------- -------------Gas_____ _________________________________ ______ _
Kerosene___________ — ----------------- ------Gasoline (not for auto) _______ __________ _____ _____
Ice. ------------- -. ----------------------------Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, total-Electricity_______________________________________
Anthracite _____________________________________
_
Bituminous coal-----------------------------------Coke___________________________________________
__
Briquets_____________________________________________
Wood____________________________ __________________
Fuel oil________________________ _____________________
Gas_______ _________________ _ _______ ___ ______
Kerosene. _______ __________ _ _ ------------------Gasoline (not for auto)___ __ _________ _____ __ __ ___
Ice. ____________________________________________
V. Number of families in apartments not making payments for
heat separately from rent___________________________ _
" Number of families spending for:
Electricity. _________________________________________
Gas _______ ____ _ . ________ _______________________
Ice. ___________________________________________
Average expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, to ta l.._
Electricity. . ________ . . .
_____ _____________
Gas.
________________________________________ _ .
Ice. ______________ _____
________ _
_________
All other fuel____________________________ ___________
82
36
27
19
79
50
1
30
0
20
37
66
7
1
66
$161. 31
28.99
44.74
1.00
26.64
0
2. 53
17.99
26. 56
.55
(2)
12.31
33
21
1
12
0
10
19
26
5
1
34
$139.05
24.03
33.40
2.28
19.42
0
3.80
20.16
22.91
.83
.01
12. 21
26
19
0
g
0
6
10
21
2
0
20
$161.46
30.24
56.48
0
23.36
0
1.69
14.34
23.04
!57
0
.11. 74
20
10
0
10
0
4
8
19
0
0
12
$203.41
36. 59
49.68
0
44 97
o’
1. 32
19.07
38 48
o’
0
13. 30
1
0
0
1
131
43
54
34
131
64
o
45
1
24
67
125
54
27
1
16
0
7
28
52
1
0
41
$141. 73
26.90
33.90
.20
18. 54
0
1.87
23. 67
24.09
1.25
0
11.31
34
18
1
11
1
2
105
$143.99
26. 52
31.88
1. 29
20.84
.06
2.14
22.60
23.88
2.19
.03
12. 56
43
19
1
18
0
11
21
41
2
1
36
$137.43
24. 61
22.63
3.12
22.17
0
3.54
21.57
24.58
2.47
.01
12.73
32
1
17
14
28
28
12
$58.36
27. 24
21. 73
8.65
.74
1
1
1
$79. 59
41.04
18. 65
19.90
0
15
15
10
$64.94
26. 71
23.06
13. 78
1. 39
12
12
1
$48. 86
26.90
20. 34
1. 62
0
5
* Less than 0.5 cent.
3 Detailed information is not presented because of small number of families in this classification.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
6
18
32
2
1
28
$155. 91
28.36
40. 37
.70
22.83
.22
.82
22.19
22.67
3. 33
.09
14. 33
334
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 1 2, — Household
operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
erationy hy economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
$700
and
over
H o u se h o ld O p era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s Other
T h a n fo r F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tion
516
96
100
117
85
51
67
101
154
13
16
240
387
37
5
123
36
15
12
2
0
30
68
8
0
10
11
15
12
4
1
30
76
5
0
16
5
24
30
1
3
59
81
12
0
23
4
22
34
3
1
41
66
5
1
30
6
8
21
1
4
31
37
3
1
16
6
17
45
2
7
49
59
4
3
28
4
Average expenditure per family for household
operation other than fuel, light, and re
frigeration, total--- ------------ —_ $58.08
Water r e n t _____— _
_ _ _ _ _ -----2.28
Telephone___________ _______ ____ _ __
11.40
Domestic service: Full-time ___ ___ --1.80
Part-time __ _________
1.13
Household paper. __ _________________
4.22
Bar soap
_ __ ------------------___
4.11
Starch, bluing__________ ________ ___
1.24
-------5. 52
Soap flakes, powder
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc___
2.65
Matches_____ _ __ __ ___ ________ ___
1.55
14. 62
Laundry out
__ ___ ______
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink____ _ _ __
1. 24
Postage, telegrams______________ ___
2.06
Moving, express, freight, drayage_____ _
.90
Safe-deposit box __ _ ______ ______
.06
Insurance on furniture__ ___
__ ____
2.32
Interest on debts _____-----------------.84
Other items _ __________________
.14
$39. 65
1.71
4. 53
.36
0
3. 66
4.90
1.47
5.28
2.15
1.43
8. 72
.98
1.07
1.38
0
.80
1.18
.03
$41.14
1.72
3.69
.82
.12
4. 23
4.91
1.52
5.33
2. 62
1.76
8. 96
.99
1. 54
.62
0
1.82
.43
.06
$52.71
2. 58
9. 40
.48
.60
4.39
3.87
1.10
5. 87
2.68
1.53
14. 51
1.04
1.64
1.02
0
1. 54
.40
.06
$67.65
3.30
15.48
3. 42
.44
4.82
3. 38
1.31
6.20
2.87
1. 72
14.23
1.31
2.91
.84
.07
3.86
1. 43
.06
$64. 57
1.58
15. 24
.26
1. 60
3. 86
3. 61
.76
5.15
2. 56
1. 37
19. 24
1.18
2.08
.84
.12
3. 01
1.21
.90
$102. 02
2.68
28.13
6. 79
5. 66
4. 25
3. 50
.99
4.92
3.15
1.33
28.68
2.29
3.89
.57
.30
4.15
.68
.06
Families in survey—
_ ___ _ _ ---Number of families spending for—
Water rent _ _ _
---___ Telephone_______ ____ ____ — --------Domestic service: Full-time, __ _ ___
Part-time __ . _
Laundry o u t __________ _ _____ _ _ ___
Postage, telegrams-------------------Moving, express, freight, drayage _ ____
Safe-deposit b o x ________ ___ _ _ _ -------Insurance on furniture____
____ ___
Interest on d e b t s __________ _ — ----
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
TABULAR SUMM ARY
335
T a b l e 1 2 , — Household
operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level-—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$500
$600
$400
$700
$700
and
over
H o u se h o ld O p era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s Other
T h a n f o r F u e l, L ig h t, a nd R efrigera tio n
Families in su r v e y ________ _ ___________
Number of families spending for—
Water rent- _____ ___________ _________
Telephone—. ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________ —
Domestic service: Full-time____ _________
Part-time_________ _
Laundry out___________________________
_____
Postage, telegrams_____ _____
Moving, express, freight, drayage_______
Safe-deposit box____________ _________
Insurance on furniture___________
_ _
Interest on debts. __ ________ __________
450
51
82
104
85
54
74
197
182
15
25
118
416
39
8
88
43
20
12
1
1
4
47
1
0
7
2
34
33
1
2
19
70
6
0
15
5
46
30
3
3
19
96
5
0
16
13
42
31
3
2
22
80
10
4
20
7
21
30
2
4
21
53
7
2
11
6
34
46
5
13
33
70
10
2
19
10
Average expenditure per family for household
operation other than fuel, light, and re
frigeration, total. __________________ $52.27
Water rent_______
______ ________
4.12
Telephone_____
_______ ____ ____
8. 65
2.03
Domestic service: Full-time___ _________
1.02
Part-time_____________
Household paper_______________________
3. 77
Bar soap_____ ____________ _ ________
3. 75
Starch, bluing. ____________ __________
.91
Soap flakes, powder__ _ _____ _____
7.30
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc_
_
2.19
Matches. _______ ____ _ __ __________
1.84
Laundry ou t_______________________ ___
9. 33
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink _ _____
1.04
Postage, telegrams___ _______
__ ___
1. 69
M oving, express, freight, drayage_____ _
1.05
Safe-deposit b o x ... _ _ _ _ _
__ _______
.07
Insurance on furniture_________________
1. 59
Interest on debts_._ __________________
1.58
Other item s____________________________
.34
$29.13
3. 26
1. 36
.06
.13
3. 53
3.62
.98
7.12
2. 24
2.07
1.69
.65
.93
.14
0
.72
.45
. 18
$42. 35
3.65
5. 96
.48
.72
4.02
4.40
.96
6.78
2.10
1. 92
6. 38
.87
1.08
.85
0
1.14
.76
.28
$44.18
3.83
3. 72
2. 79
.52
3. 54
3. 59
1.08
7.14
2.14
1. 93
7. 75
.98
1. 62
.75
0
1.17
1. 32
.31
$51. 77
5. 06
8.83
.60
.12
3.83
3. 94
.76
7. 22
2.10
1.80
8.89
1.02
1.93
1.13
.20
1. 97
2.08
$67. 26
4.00
13. 67
2. 81
1. 54
4.09
3.84
.86
7. 47
2. 31
1. 79
14. 97
1.43
2.20
1. 97
. 11
1.80
1. 73
.67
$80. 25
4.62
19. 74
5.14
3. 34
3. 66
3.04
.75
8.20
2. 33
1. 57
16.56
1. 33
2. 35
1. 53
. 11
2.68
2.94
.36
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
.2 9
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
33 6
T able
12.— Household operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, hy economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
families
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
153
66
46
30
11
88
43
1
9
9
88
10
5
7
19
42
10
0
1
1
39
2
1
1
9
22
12
0
1
3
29
3
1
3
5
17
12
1
2
3
13
3
1
2
3
7
9
0
5
2
7
2
2
1
2
All
fami
lies
Economic level—
Families spend
ing per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
151
75
46
30
71
57
6
7
21
135
17
12
29
19
35
21
0
1
2
63
10
0
11
10
24
24
5
1
8
42
4
2
10
4
12
12
1
5
11
30
3
10
8
5
H o u se h o ld
O p era tio n
E x p e n d it u r e s
O ther T h a n fo r F u e l, L ig h t, and
R efrig era tion
Families in survey..............................
Number of families spending for—
Water rent_______________ ____
Telephone---------- ------- __----Domestic service: Full-time______
Part-time______
Laundry out. . . ............ ........ ........
Postage, telegram s.........................
Moving, express, freight, drayage—
Safe-deposit b o x ______________
Insurance on furniture
______
Interest on debts_____ _
__ _ _
Average expenditure per family for
household operation other than
fuel, light, and refrigeration, totaL $46.47 $42.13 $38.44 $57. 24 $76. 67
8.48
8. 71 10. 36
10. 33 12. 33
Water rent_____________________
4.06
6. 51 11.39 21.09
7.45
T elep hone_____________________
3.54
.69
0
0
Domestic service: Full-time___ _
0
1.02
1.53
.26
2.30
9.22
Part-time______
3. 32
2. 36
2.78
1.76
Household paper-----------------2.81
3.24
4. 39
3. 64
2. 37
Bar soap------------------------ _ 3.81
1.74
.84
Starch, bluing
---- -----------1.48
1. 33
1. 35
3.54
3.68
4. 27
3. 52
Soap flakes, powder--------------3.86
Cleaning powder, polish, steel
1.45
1.63
1.81
1.60
1. 65
wool, etc- -------------- ------1. 61
1.49
1. 29
1.66
1.81
M atches______ _______ _______
.44
4. 91
1. 69
7.50
2. 20
Laundry.__ ______ ____________
1. 21
1. 39
1.02
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink----1. 01
.70
1.94
1. 39
1.12
1.50
1. 61
Postage, telegrams_______________
1. 37
1.60
1. 39
Moving, express, freight, drayage. _ 1.10
.67
.04
.08
.08
.39
.09
Safe-deposit box---------- -----2.52
4.44
1. 69
.78
1.78
Insurance on furniture---- ------4. 35
3.70
.87
5.16
7.70
Interest on debts________________
.02
.02
.04
0
.08
Other item s___ _________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
$52.25 $40.94 $53.46 $78.88
6. 25
6. 39
7.03
4. 69
9.83
7. 51 11.89 12. 52
1.26
0
3.12
1. 57
1. 30
.28
.05
5.80
3. 59
3. 63
3. 77
3.20
3.38
3.43
3.18
3. 61
1.00
.93
1.17
.91
6.56
6.25
6.15
5.67
2.58
1.76
6.18
1.07
1.54
.76
.18
.81
3. 52
.99
2.28
1.98
1.40
.86
1.07
.64
0
.72
2. 51
.75
2.60
1.44
4.53
.85
1. 42
.49
.09
.78
3.81
1.09
3. 33
1. 67
20. 67
1.94
2.87
1. 51
.79
1.07
5.60
1.46
337
TABULAE SUM M ARY
T a b l e 1 2 . — Household
operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W HITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H ou sehold, O p era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s O ther T h a n fo r
F u e l , L ig h t, a nd R efrigera tio n
Families in survey_______________________ _______
Number of families spending for—
Water rent___________________________________
Telephone_________ _____________________ ____
Domestic service: Full-time____________________
Part-time____________________
Laundry out_____ _______ _____________________
Postage, telegrams-_______ ____________________
Moving, express, freight, drayage_______________
Safe-deposit box__ _____ ______________________
Insurance on furniture_________________________
Interest on debts______________________________
Average expenditure per family for household opera
tion other than fuel, light, and refrigeration, total.
Water rent___________________________________
Telephone____________________________________
Domestic service: Full-time____________________
Part-time____________________
Household paper________________ __ ________
Bar soap_____ ______ ____________ __
______
Starch, bluing________________________________
Soap flakes, powder_________ ______ ___________
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc_________
Matches________________________ _______
Laundry out__________________________________
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink___________ _____
Postage, telegrams--------------------------------Moving, express, freight, drayage_______ _____ _
Safe-deposit box____ ____________ ___________
Insurance on furniture_________________________
Interest on debts_______________ ____________
Other items_______
______ __ ___________ _
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
146
25
51
41
29
43
45
2
5
55
130
12
4
31
12
10
6
0
0
8
24
1
0
2
0
18
14
2
2
18
42
2
0
9
8
11
16
0
1
16
38
5
3
8
3
4
9
0
2
13
26
4
1
12
1
$48. 68
2.40
8.65
1.37
.18
3.31
3.07
1.08
5.06
1.49
2. 47
10.85
1.30
2.19
.64
.04
2.36
2.18
.04
$35.16
2.26
6.72
0
0
2.98
3. 49
1. 41
5. 58
1.67
2.17
5. 73
.86
1.52
.49
0
.28
0
0
$54. 70
3.15
7.92
3.95
.17
3.90
3.12
1.27
4. 76
1.63
2. 49
12.13
1.59
2.05
.26
0
1.80
4.39
.12
$43. 70
2.52
10. 22
0
.32
2.54
2. 56
.89
5.13
1.15
2. 27
7. 78
1.25
2.38
1.19
.13
2. 46
.91
0
$56.84
1.00
9.34
0
.11
3.64
3. 38
.78
5.02
1.58
2. 99
17. 34
1.29
2. 77
.64
.05
4.98
1.93
0
338
T a b l e 1 2 .—
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Household operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
families
$700
and
over
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
498
108
96
82
70
60
82
239
123
5
31
183
389
57
20
58
40
56
11
0
0
22
73
6
1
11
3
45
13
0
0
26
69
9
1
5
7
45
17
1
3
36
67
10
1
7
10
28
25
1
4
27
58
5
3
6
8
30
21
1
6
31
50
10
7
10
5
35
36
2
18
41
72
17
7
19
7
Average expenditure per family for house
hold operation other than fuel, light, and
$64.04
refrigeration, t o t a l . ___ _
. ...
5.04
Water rent__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ____
8.68
Telephone.. _______ _. _. . . . .
1.89
Domestic service: Full-time.______ _
.
3.25
Part-time. _ .__ ___
Household paper______________ _ _
4.48
4.23
Bar soap ___________ ______________
Starch, bluing __ __ . . . _ ____ . ___
1.68
Soap flakes, powder_____ ___________ _
6. 75
3.35
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc___
1.52
M atches___ _______ _. _ _
_ ._ __.
Laundry out_________ ___ _________
15.24
1.51
Stationery, pens, pencils, i n k . . . _____ __
Postage, telegrams. __ _ ___ _ _ _ ._
2.05
Moving, express, freight, drayage.__ .
_
1.28
Safe-deposit b o x .._ . . . _______ ____ . . .
.12
.76
Insurance on furniture__________________
1.87
Interest on deb ts.. . . . _ _ _____. . . .
. _____ . . . . . . .
.34
Other item s______
$41. 72
5.16
3.31
0
0
3.93
5.44
2.40
6. 54
3.41
1. 52
6.33
1.15
1.09
.52
.02
.42
.32
. 16
$48.08
4.90
4. 60
0
0
4.60
4.17
1.78
7.56
2.81
1.78
10.93
1.30
1. 29
.67
.03
.31
1.30
.05
$73.29
5. 70
7.23
1.36
3. 38
5.67
4.15
1.57
6.74
3.60
1.87
22.12
1.84
2.04
1.08
.04
.46
4.12
.32
$71.17
5. 51
12.45
6. 32
2.06
4.35
3.86
1.38
6.41
3. 50
1.62
16. 79
1.20
1.98
.64
.12
.55
2.24
.19
$75.01
5. 02
11.51
5. 28
4.06
3.98
3.18
1.10
6. 41
3.70
.89
18.19
2.15
3. 78
2. 56
.28
1.29
1.24
.39
$88.82
3.96
16.66
.91
11.64
4.36
3.86
1.46
6.63
3.24
1.28
21.68
1.67
3.08
2. 81
.30
1.82
2.46
1.00
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
H o u se h o ld O p era tio n E x p e n d it u r e s Other T h a n
f o r F u e l, L ig h t, a n d R efrigera tio n
Families in survey
___ _________ ______
Number of families spending for—
Water rent------ ----------- ------------ _
Telephone------- ----------------------Domestic service: Full-tim e.. __ _. ._ . .
Part-time_______ _ _.
Laundry out___ _
_ _______ _____ . . .
Postage, telegrams_____
___________
Moving, express, freight, drayage. ______
Safe-deposit box________________________
Insurance on fu rn iture________ . . . _ __
Interest on d e b t s . . ________ ___ ____
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
339
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able 12 .— Household operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, hy economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —NEGRO FA M ILIES
Item
All fami
lies
Economic levels—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u se h o ld O p era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s Other T h a n fo r F u e l, L igh t,
and R efrigera tio n
Families in survey_________________________ ____ ____ __
Number of families spending for—
Water rent________________________ _ . . . ___ _________
Telephone__________ _________ __ _ _ __ ___ _ __
Domestic service: Full-time_____________________ . __ ___
Part-time_________
___ _____________
Laundry out____________________ _ _ __________ _ ___
Postage, telegrams___________________ ___ _ ___ ______
Moving, express, freight, drayage______________ ______ __
Safe-deposit box____________________ ______ ____
____
Insurance on furniture______________ _____ _ __
______
Interest on d eb ts.— ________________ _______ . . . ____
Average expenditure per family for household operation other
than fuel, light, and refrigeration, total _________ ________
Water rent_______________ _________ _______________ _
Telephone____ __________ ____________________ ________
Domestic service: Full-time_______________________ . . .
Part-time__________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
Household paper. ________________ ._ _____ __________
_____ _
Bar soap ______________ _____ ___ ___________
Starch, bluing________ ______ ____ _________________ _
Soap flakes, powder__________ ____ _____ ____ _ . . . ___ _
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc.................. ........ __
Matches________ ______________________ . . . . . . __
Laundry ou t_______________________ ____ ___ . . . . . . __
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink_________________ _________
__
Postage, telegrams______________ _________ ____ _
Moving, express, freight, drayage____ _____________ ___
Safe-deposit box________ ____ ____ ______ _______ _____
Insurance on furniture__________________________________
Interest on debts__________________ ______ _ __________
Other item s. __________________________________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
101
55
31
15
17
9
0
4
28
69
11
1
13
8
5
2
0
2
13
33
7
0
6
2
7
3
0
1
9
21
2
1
3
4
5
4
0
1
6
15
2
0
4
2
$35. 77
1.97
2. 46
0
1.30
2. 64
4.11
1. 21
4. 42
1. 94
.93
7.29
.79
1.93
.73
.04
.72
2.84
.45
$32. 50
.98
.46
0
1.68
2.92
5.04
1. 30
4. 53
2.17
1.20
4.03
.88
1. 95
.72
0
.58
3. 23
.83
$34.66
' 2.68
3. 07
0
.28
2.35
3.14
1.19
4.01
1. 71
.74
9. 83
.72
1.46
.99
. 12
.93
1. 40
.04
$50. 46
4.10
8. 51
0
2.03
2. 27
2. 76
.94
4.86
1. 67
. 37
13. 95
. 57
2. 87
. 32
0
.87
4. 37
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
340
T a b l e 1 2 . — Household
operation expenditures other than for fuel, light, and refrig
eration, hy economic level— Continued
P IT T S B U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and
$400
$500
$600
$700
over
H o u se h o ld O p e r a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s O ther T h a n
f o r F u e l , L ig h t, a nd R efrig era tio n
346
75
76
65
54
38
38
155
146
9
15
21
286
29
11
59
23
40
8
1
0
1
58
4
0
8
6
34
25
1
0
2
68
8
3
8
10
27
32
1
5
3
51
7
1
8
1
24
30
3
3
4
47
5
1
14
3
13
20
1
2
1
31
3
1
9
1
17
31
2
5
10
31
2
5
12
2
Average expenditure per family for house
hold operation other than fuel, light, and
refrigeration, total___________ __ _ _ _ $55. 25
6. 42
Water r e n t --- --------------------------12. 85
Telephone__________________ __________
2. 38
Domestic service: Full-time--------------Part-time. ____________
2.17
H ousehold paper___ _______ ____________
3.49
4.18
Bar soap__________ ________ ____________
Starch, b lu in g ____________ ____________
1.77
Soap flakes, powder____ ________________
7. 76
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc___
2. 51
2.08
M atches_______________________________
Laundry ou t___________________________
2. 21
1.16
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink____________
1. 65
Postage, telegrams___________________ .
M oving, express, freight, drayage________
.98
Safe-deposit box_____________________ ._
.15
1.46
Insurance on furniture______ _______ ____
1. 87
Interest on debts ______________________
Other item s____________________________
-16
$42.47
7.85
3.32
.95
0
3.59
6.42
2. 23
7. 47
2. 33
2. 40
0)
.73
1.09
.20
0
.83
2. 62
.44
$46.85
6. 37
9. 68
.81
0
3. 60
3. 73
1.59
7.98
2.69
2.10
.36
1. 35
1.39
1.01
.11
.84
3.08
.16
$53.89
5. 60
14. 76
1. 56
1. 72
3. 57
4.04
1.78
8. 21
2.69
2.00
2.18
.84
1.54
1.76
.03
1. 27
.32
.02
$61. 71
6. 32
16.12
3. 68
3. 66
3. 39
3. 64
1. 72
8.14
2. 32
2. 06
3. 21
1.40
1.88
.55
.21
2. 25
1.12
.04
$60. 02
4. 37
17. 34
2.82
4. 55
3.44
2. 75
1.60
8. 05
2.11
1.72
4. 28
1.47
2.48
1.11
.08
1.72
.09
.04
$85. 79
7.20
25.56
7. 38
7. 06
3.17
3.11
1. 42
6. 36
2.89
1.94
6.96
1.56
2.23
1.70
.69
2. 92
3. 53
.11
Families in survey...........................................
Number of families spending for—
Water rent_____________________________
Telephone__________________________
Domestic service: Full-time. ---- ------Part-time_____________
Laundry out________________ ____ ______
Postage, telegrams.........................................
M oving, express, freight, drayage--------Safe-deposit box................................ ............
Insurance on furniture................... ...............
Interest on debts_______________ ____ ___
1
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
341
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
12.— Household operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
All
fami
lies
Portland, Maine—White
families
E co n o m ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
E c o n o m ic l e v e l —
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to $600
and
$400
$600
over
H o u se h o ld
O p era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s Other
T h a n f o r F u e l , L ig h t, and R efrigera tio n
Families in survey____ _______ __________
Number of families spending for—
Water r e n t ______________ _ _______
Telephone_________________ ________
Domestic service: Full-time___ _______
Part-time___
_____
Laundry out_____________________
Postage, telegrams. _________ _______
Moving, express, freight, drayage. ____
Safe-deposit box_______________ _____
Insurance on furniture___ _____ . . . _
Interest on debts____________
______
97
49
35
13
153
66
50
37
16
23
3
5
16
83
15
3
17
2
10
11
1
1
6
40
7
1
7
2
4
6
1
2
8
33
5
2
8
0
2
6
1
2
2
10
3
0
2
0
43
67
2
12
41
144
26
5
40
23
11
17
1
2
10
62
7
0
7
6
16
26
0
5
12
47
9
1
16
10
16
24
1
5
19
35
10
4
17
7
$57.46 $40.52 $57.98
3.54
2. 24
3. 72
13. 31
7. 50 15.17
.41
.23
0
2. 56
5.15
.27
4.18
4.28
3.95
2. 78
2.34
3.37
1.02
.92
.97
5. 66
5. 26
5.98
2. 54
2.45
2. 27
2.09
1. 62
1.97
6.79
3.31
4.18
2.12
2.25
1.85
2. 73
2. 77
1.81
1. 31
1.02
1. 25
.15
0
. 09
.82
1.98
1.97
3.45
2.17
4. 27
.97
.48
.47
$86.99
5. 60
21.17
1.30
3.17
4. 32
2. 33
1.23
5.94
3. 07
2.22
16. 53
2. 27
4.29
1. 91
.51
3.99
4.64
2. 50
Average expenditure per family for house
hold operation other than fuel, light,
and refrigeration, total____ __ _
$38. 64 $35. 50 $36. 89 $55. 23
W ater r e n t ______________ ____
_____
2. 28
1. 38
1.99
2.99
Telephone_________________
_______
5. 46 16.20
7. 66
6.96
Domestic service: Full-time. _ _______
.19
.06
. 18
.65
.85
2. 56
.23
1.10
Part-tim e_____ _____
Household paper______________________
2.92
2.69
2.87
3.96
Bar soap. . . . _______________________
4. 31
4.12
4. 60
4.46
Starch, bluing... ____________ __
1.59
1.33
1.44
1.09
Soap flakes, powder________ _________
4. 35
3.88
4.24
6. 48
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc ..
1.79
1.79
1.76
1.90
M atches___________ ________________
1.76
2.09
1.32
1.50
Laundry out_________________________
2. 71
4.10
5. 61
5. 27
Stationery, pens, pencils, in k ... _ ______
.91
.79
1.03
1. 04
Postage, telegrams____ __ . . . ______
1.88
2.17
1.70
1. 81
Moving, express, freight, drayage_______
1.86
1.24
1.78
3. 75
Safe-deposit box____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
. 13
.08
.26
0
Insurance on furniture___ _____
___
1.89
1.67
2.15
1.96
Interest on debts __ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __
. 12
.24
0
0
Other items _ __ __ __ ___ _ . . . _
.31
.39
. 15
.28
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
342
T able
12.— Household operation expenditures other than for fu ely light, and refrig
eration, hy economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Rochester, N . Y
Item
All
families
Scranton, Pa.
E c o n o m ic l e v e l —
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400 to
der
$600
$400
$600
and
over
All
fam
ilies
Econom ic level—Fam ilies
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Un $300 to
$400 to $600
der
and
$400
$600 over
$300
H o u se h o ld
O p era tio n
E x p e n d itu r e s
Other T h a n f o r F u e l , Ligh t, a nd R e
frigeration
Families in survey________________
Number of families spending for—
Water rent-------------- ----- ----T elep hone------ --------------Domestic service: Full-time______
Part-time______
Laundry o u t -----------------Postage, telegrams--- ----------M oving, express, freight, drayage,.
Safe-deposit box---- -----------Insurance on furniture-----------Interest on debts------------------
301
95
115
91
231
38
58
95
40
127
96
4
12
50
276
27
17
51
43
31
14
1
1
8
80
7
0
9
12
51
33
2
4
17
109
9
4
20
15
45
49
1
7
25
87
11
13
22
16
72
64
3
11
17
147
21
8
54
13
15
4
0
0
2
18
2
0
4
0
22
8
0
2
1
38
6
0
13
1
22
33
1
5
8
63
12
4
23
8
13
19
2
4
6
28
1
4
14
4
Average expenditure per family for
household operation other than
fuel, light, and refrigeration, total- $49.90 $36. 52 $47.05 $67.47
4.20
3.32
4.59
4.63
Water rent___
. ------------5.09 10.99 19.01
Telephone______________________ 11. 55
.82
1.42
Domestic service: Full-time---- -.75
.03
Part-time______
.85
1.05
.88
1.49
Household paper____________ __
3.34
3. 36
3.46
3. 27
Bar soap____ ___________________
2. 77
3.14
2. 73
2.42
Starch, bluing, ________________
.69
.90
.70
.45
Soap flakes, powder ___________
5.74
5.85
5.60
5.77
Cleaning powder, polish, steel
2.11
wool, e t c , _____ _________ ___ _
2.49
1.89
1.98
M atches___ ___________ ___ ___
1. 66
1.58
1. 57
1.85
Laundry out____ _____________
6.02 13.14
7.25
3.07
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink_____
1. 66
2. 46
1.53
1.06
Postage, telegrams_______________
1.83
1.80
2.40
1.33
Moving, express, freight, drayage, .
.87
.69
1.44
.53
Safe-deposit box_________________
.18
0
.48
.10
Insurance on furniture___________
1.84
1.36
1.12
1.18
Interest on debts, __ ___________
2.39
1.79
2.01
3.48
Other i t e m s , __ ________________
.48
.42
.6!
.43
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
$44.33 $31.09 $35. 52 $45.15 $67. 62
4.97
6.19
5. 57
4.03
5.10
8. 51
4.43
3.15
9.98 16.00
2.10
0
1.95
0
7. 51
.84
1.48
0
.29
6.17
3. 34
3.79
3.01
3.18
3. 32
3.94
5.08
4.59
3. 32
3.38
1. 48
1.48
1.72
1. 27
1. 67
4.82
4.40
5.01
4. 62
5.36
1.89
1. 60
2. 22
1.01
1.27
.74
.14
2.21
2. 47
.14
1.97
1. 71
1. 55
.59
.00
.47
0
.35
0
.54
1.53
1.78
1.19
.91
.97
.68
0
1.90
1.16
0
1.83
1.40
2.22
1. 05
1. 53
1.06
.12
2.43
4.21
.11
2.54
1.67
4.37
1.42
1.81
.39
.46
3.85
2.60
0
343
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T a b l e 1 2 . — Household
operation expenditures other than for fu el, light, and refrig
eration, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fam
ilies
E co n o m ic le v e l—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
H o u se h o ld O p era tio n E x p e n d itu r e s Other T h a n fo r F u e l, L ig h t,
and R efrigera tio n
Families in survey_________ _______ _ _________________ _
Number of families spending for—
Water rent _ ________________________________ _ _ __
Telephone
__ _ _________ ___ ______ __________ __
Domestic service: Full-time_____________ _____ _________
Part-time____________ ___ ___ ______ _
Laundry out___________ ___________ - ______ ______
Postage, telegram s__________________ ___ ______ ____
______
Moving, express, freight, drayage_____________ _.
Safe-deposit box ______________ ___ _____ ____ ______
Insurance on fu rn iture________________ _ __ __ ____
_ _______ ___ _ _
Interest on debts. ______________
Average expenditure per family for household operation other
than fuel, light, and refrigeration, t o t a l________
W ater rent
____ _ _______
__ __ _
Telephone
_ ______ _ _________ _____ ________
Domestic service: Full-time_____________ ______ _______ _
P a r t- tim e..____________ _ ________ _
Household paper____________________ ____ _ ._ _. _____
Bar soap ___ _________________________ _________ __ __ _
Starch, bluing_______________________ _ _____ _____ _____
Soap flakes, p o w d er_____________ ____ ________ __ _
Cleaning powder, polish, steel wool, etc ____________
Matches. _
_________________ _ ____ _ ______
Laundry o u t ____ _ _____
___________ _____ _____
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink_________ _______________ _
Postage, telegrams
____ _ _. _____ _______ _____
Moving, express, freight, drayage. _ ______ _______ _____
Safe-deposit b o x _________ . . .
________ ___ ____ __
Insurance on furniture_________ _________ . ________
Interest on debts. _________________________________
Other items
__________________________________ _
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 459.
53959°— 39-
*23
248
81
99
68
70
85
1
6
38
206
13
7
78
25
25
15
0
1
7
62
4
0
19
11
23
33
0
2
11
85
4
2
35
8
22
37
1
3
20
59
5
5
24
6
$50.84
3. 31
10. 81
1.38
1.11
4. 56
4.10
1.49
5.11
2. 22
1. 97
4. 75
1. 54
2. 66
.58
.09
2. 57
2. 33
.26
$40. 27
3.15
5.38
0
.44
4.98
4.99
1.76
5.03
2. 31
2. 37
1.71
1. 22
1.81
.74
0
1.82
2.12
.44
$45.04
2.74
10.58
0
.21
3.88
3. 69
1.48
5. 46
1.91
1. 99
4. 26
1.60
2. 47
.61
.06
2. 45
1.40
.25
$71. 68
4. 31
17. 61
5. 05
3.19
5. 06
3. 62
1.20
4. 69
2. 48
1. 46
9.07
1.83
3. 95
.33
.23
3. 63
3.91
.06
344
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level-—
Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
516
96
100
512
73
73
0
10
28
32
3
94
4
4
0
0
1
3
0
99
8
8
0
1
2
5
0
28
45
1
3
2
15
$700
and
over
$400 to $500 to
$600
$500
$600 to
$700
117
85
51
67
117
13
13
0
0
8
3
2
84
11
11
0
2
3
5
1
51
14
14
0
3
5
6
0
67
23
23
0
4
9
10
0
2
6
2
11
4
7
9
5
10
13
0
1
0
1
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
494
39
29
4
35
31
23
0
89
10
1
0
2
3
2
0
98
2
7
0
4
3
5
0
111
7
7
2
7
8
2
0
82
7
3
1
5
1
4
0
49
7
3
1
7
5
6
0
65
6
8
0
10
11
4
0
$51. 71
$62. 82
$79.12
$87.96 $123.02
$174. 38
3.67
.17
0
.81
.14
.09
.21
.37
.16
0
0
.07
0
.30
1.67
0
.49
13.07
.48
0
6.03
1.64
1. 3?
1.41
1. 66
.33
.38
.05
.12
1. 53
.61
3. 52
0
.02
19.94
2.88
0
6.15
1.80
.84
1.06
2.45
.51
.84
.13
1.01
.27
.98
6.33
0
.84
29.80
6.09
0
8. 50
2.25
1. 62
1.98
2. 65
1.58
.54
.03
1.42
2. 60
i. 18
6.69
0
1.16
54.00
11.12
0
18. 77
5.38
3.01
4.07
6.31
2.03
.66
.09
1.16
3.82
2. 65
13. 56
0
.14
101. 67
35. 02
0
25.88
7. 38
4. 65
5.15
8.70
2.79
1. 22
.23
3.97
6.43
3.85
21.70
0
.40
0
48.04
45.43
1.47
.03
0
.90
.16
.05
0
0
0
49. 75
48.10
.26
.11
0
.32
.73
.23
0
0
0
59.18
53.93
2.39
.16
.43
1.68
.53
.06
0
0
.01
58.16
55. 23
.66
.14
.02
1.86
.03
.22
0
0
0
69.02
61. 30
2.97
.29
.36
1. 75
.64
1. 71
0
0
.18
72. 71
61.17
1.78
.87
0
4. 36
3. 39
1.14
0
0
T r a n sp o r ta tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey_____ _______________ __
Number of families spending for transportation-------------------------------------Number of families owning automobiles____
Number of automobiles owned____________
Made: 1936____________________________
1933-35__________________________
1930-32__________________________
1927-29__________________________
Before 1927___ __________ __ _ _
Originally purchased:
N ew _____ - .
. . ---- _ _ _ _ _ _
Second-hand_________________________
Number of families purchasing automobiles
in year:
N e w --- ---------- --__ _ -__ --------Second-hand___ _____ _ _______ _______ »
Number of families purchasing motorcycles
in year. __ _______ __________ ________
Number of families spending for transpor
tation other than automobile and motor
cycle:
Trolley________ _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ -------Local bus______________ _____________
Taxi___ _
_ ------------ -----------Bicycle ------ -- _ ---------- --------- _
Railroad_________
_________ _______
Interurban bus----- -___ _________
B oat. _________ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _
Airplane____
_ __ __
Average expenditure for all transportation,
total. _ _
_
____
$89.02
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase,
operation, and maintenance__
_ _ _ 31.18
Purchase of: Autom obiles._ ______ _
7.43
M otorcycles._ _______
0
Gasoline— _ ------------------9.33
F all_______________________________
2.61
W inter--------------- --------------1.63
Spring___________ _____ ____________
1.95
Summer____ _ _ __ ___ _ ------3.14
Oil__________________________________
1.03
Tires--- ------------------- ---------.58
Tubes______________ __ ----------- __
.08Repairs and maintenance______________
1.13
Garage rent and parkin g______ ______
2.00
Licenses and taxes.. __. __ _________ _
1.35
Insurance._ _ ____ _ _______ _ _ _ _
7.69
Fines and d a m a g e s._____ ____ ____
0
Rent of automobile and/or motorcycle. __
.54
Other automobile and motorcycle trans
portation expense____________. . . _ _
.02
Other transportation_______ _ __ _____
57.84
Trolley _ ----------------------- ----53.10
Local bus____________________________
1. 50
T axi.________________________ ________
.23
B icycle----------------------------------.14
Railroad_____ _____ __________________
1.66
Interurban bus____________ __________
.80
B oat_________________________________
.41
Airplane------ --------- ----- ---- ---0
Other transportation expense__________
0
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
345
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA LO , N . Y.—W HITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$700
and
over
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
4.50
51
82
104
85
54
74
4.46
246
246
11
58
75
86
16
48
20
20
0
0
4
12
4
81
43
43
0
8
13
19
3
104
46
46
0
10
18
15
3
85
49
49
1
11
18
17
2
54
33
33
1
11
9
10
2
74
55
55
9
18
13
13
2
105
141
4
16
18
25
22
24
19
30
14
19
28
27
17
39
0
2
0
8
1
6
2
8
4
5
10
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
371
15
31
5
13
17
25
0
41
2
1
1
0
1
1
0
66
3
2
0
0
2
3
0
90
5
7
2
2
2
8
0
68
3
6
2
5
4
5
0
47
0
8
0
4
4
4
0
59
2
7
0
2
4
4
0
$69.02
$94. 50
$99.48 $137.46 $176.03
$256.11
37. 41
2.06
0
22. 74
5.69
4.84
5. 31
6.90
2.77
.35
.06
2.29
.67
4.94
0
0
1.53
70. 26
18.09
0
31.19
7.70
6.44
7. 75
9.30
3. 74
2.02
.14
3. 36
2.79
7.11
.60
.11
1.09
64.38
10. 33
0
34.99
8. 36
7. 00
9. 48
10.15
3.04
2. 48
.25
2.14
2.27
6.15
.73
.04
1.96
107. 59
33.15
0
46.38
10.89
9. 40
11.83
14.26
4.98
4. 02
.25
3.50
2. 77
7.91
2. 21
0
2. 42
140. 32
66. 25
0
42. 58
10.26
7. 93
10. 33
14. 06
4. 35
2.09
.39
2. 56
4.94
9. 46
4. 03
.02
3. 65
223. 52
115. 33
0
57.28
12.73
12. 01
14. 25
18.29
5. 75
3. 72
.40
9.86
7.46
10.58
12.01
.16
.97
0
31.61
29.81
1.00
.01
.45
0
.15
.04
0
.15
.02
24.24
22.43
1.35
.07
0
0
.35
.04
0
0
0
35.10
30.27
2.49
.58
.37
.10
.32
.18
0
.79
0
29.87
24.89
1. 45
.13
.58
2. 24
.34
.16
0
.08
0
35.71
32.74
0
.36
0
1.61
.57
.16
0
.27
0
32.59
29.40
.88
.34
0
.33
1.10
.54
0
0
$400 to
$500
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
T r a n sp o rta tion E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey________
_ ________
Number of families spending for transportation_____ _______ _____________________
Number of families owning automobiles____
Number of automobiles owned. ___ ___
Made: 1936____________________________
1933-36__________________________
1930-32..____ ____________________
1927-29__________________________
Before 1927______________________
Originally purchased:
N ew _________________________________
___ ________ ________ _
Second-hand
Number of families purchasing automobiles
in year:
N ew ____ , _____________________________
Second-hand_________ ________________
Number of families purchasing motorcycles
in year__________________
_______ __
Number of families spending for transporta
tion other than automobile and motor
cycle:
Trolley_________ ______________________
Local bus_____________ ________________
Taxi______________ ___________ _______
B icycle._______ ______________
______
Railroad___________
. . .
______ _
Interurban bus___
_______________ _.
B oat______ ____ _________ ____________
Airplane_______________________________
Average expenditure for all transportation,
. total_______________________ _______ $137.21
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase,
operation, and maintenance_________ 105.83
Purchase of: Autom obiles.__ ________
39.09
Motorcycles___
_______
0
39. 63
Gasoline___ ____________
_______
Fall_______________________________
9. 36
8.04
W inter________________
_ _ __
________
10. 02
Spring_____ _________
Su m m er___________________________ 12. 21
Oil_____________ _____________________
4.10
2.60
Tires_____________ ___________________
.25
Tubes__________
. . . . ____________
Repairs and maintenance______________
3.96
Garage rent and parking______________
3.45
Licenses and taxes__________ . . . _
7. 65
3.15
Insurance. __________________ _______
Fines and damages _______ __________
.06
Rent of automobile and/or motorcycle. __
1.88
Other automobile and motorcycle trans
portation expense___________________
.01
Other transportation. __________________ 31.38
27.92
Trolley_________ ______ ______________
1. 35
Local bus......................................... ........
Taxi_________________________________
.27
.24
B icycle.____ _________________________
.70
Railroad..... ......... . . . . . ____________
Interurban bus. ________ ____ ____ _ _
.47
.19
B o a t... ____________________________
0
Airplane_____________________________
.24
Other transportation expense__________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
346
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
fami
lies
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level — Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under $300 to $400 to
$300
$400
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level —
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
T ra n sp o rta tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in su r v e y --------------Number of families spending for
transportation --------------Number of families owning auto
mobiles --- ---------- -------- -Number of automobiles owned__
Made: 1936_____ ____________
1933-35________________
1930-32_______________
1927-29_______________
Before 1927 ____ _. _
Originally purchased:
N ew _ _
_
_ -- Second-hand___ ____________
Number of families purchasing
automobiles in year:
New_ __ ._ - __ -- ---Second-hand___ ____ _____Number of families purchasing
motorcycles in year._
____
Number of families spending for
transportation other than
automobile and motorcycle:
Trolley------------------------Local bus____ ______
Taxi___ __ ___________ ____
Bicycle.
__ _______ __ _ _
Railroad____ __ ---------Interurban bus__ ______ ___
B oat___ ______
__ --------Airplane.. ___ ---------------Average expenditure for all trans
portation, total--------------Automobiles and motorcycles—
purchase, operation, and
m aintenance___ _______
Purchase of: Automobiles___
Motorcycles___
Gasoline___
___ ______
F a ll..___________________
------ ------W inter..
Spring—. __ ---- -------Summer. _ __ ___ --------Oil________________________
___ __
T ires._____ _____
Tubes. _ ________ ________
Repairs and maintenance---Garage rent and parking ___
Licenses and taxes... _______
Insurance------- ------------Fines and damages.
_ __ __
Rent of automobile and/or
motorcycle_______________
Other automobile and motor
cycle transportation ex
pense—
--- -------Other transportation__ _______
Trolley___ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ____
Local bus----- ------- ----Taxi------ ------------- ----B icycle._
_____________ _
Railroad____
___ __ __ ..
Interurban bus ___ _ __ _
B oat_______ _______ -.Airplane _ _ _ _. --------Other transportation expense.
153
66
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
138
57
43
27
11
141
65
46
30
55
56
0
9
17
21
9
17
17
0
0
3
8
6
19
20
0
1
9
9
1
13
13
0
4
4
3
2
6
6
0
4
1
1
0
59
59
0
4
19
25
11
22
22
0
1
5
10
6
20
20
0
1
5
10
4
17
17
0
2
9
5
1
28
28
5
12
10
10
7
6
6
0
18
41
7
15
6
14
5
12
5
7
0
4
1
2
2
1
2
0
0
12
0
4
0
3
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
114
5
3
0
10
10
2
0
51
1
1
0
0
4
1
0
33
3
0
0
4
3
0
0
20
1
1
0
3
3
1
0
10
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
102
12
1
5
10
14
1
1
48
5
1
3
3
5
0
0
38
4
0
2
4
2
1
0
16
3
0
0
3
7
0
1
$87. 80 $50.13 $80. 41 $119. 37 $259. 22
62.18
22. 63
0
19. 66
5.17
4.10
4. 67
5. 72
2.42
2.91
.28
3.20
3. 53
4. 71
1.84
.23
25. 70
3. 51
0
9.92
3.03
1.84
1.93
3.12
1.43
2. 61
.16
2. 43
1.95
3. 35
0
0
59.30
11.60
0
25. 22
5.89
5.17
6. 85
7. 31
3. 84
3. 84
.38
3.10
3.54
5. 48
1.11
.16
94. 52
46.03
0
24. 76
6. 55
5.68
5. 58
6.95
2.07
1.55
.18
4.60
3. 86
5.59
4.20
.93
205. 52
119. 68
0
40. 95
11.28
8. 81
9. 52
11.34
3. 43
4.59
.89
4.92
12. 05
7.19
9. 51
0
53.10
12. 58
.05
17.48
4.17
3.50
4. 22
5.59
2. 25
2.46
.29
4. 87
5. 35
4.74
1. 76
.57
20. 24
1. 68
.10
9. 30
2.32
1.87
2.15
2.96
1. 25
.77
.14
1.76
1.41
3.05
.37
0
51.91
9. 32
0
15.80
4.11
2. 80
3. 56
5. 33
1.91
3. 32
.28
7.29
5. 53
5. 53
2. 28
0
137.06
44. 89
0
40.54
8.89
8. 67
10.43
12. 55
5.28
5. 33
.63
8. 89
14.92
7. 75
4. 44
2.86
.65
.26
1.03
.68
1.26
.47
.30
.26
1.25
. 12
25. 62
23. 61
.54
.02
0
.69
.57
.01
0
.18
.08
24. 43
23.24
.84
.01
0
0
.33
.01
0
0
0
21.11
18. 68
.35
0
0
.85
.76
0
0
.47
.07
24.85
21. 55
.38
.05
0
1.64
1.01
.03
0
.19
1.05
53. 70
52. 01
0
. 10
0
1. 59
0
0
0
0
.23
17. 87
13.47
2. 35
.01
.52
.53
.90
0)
.02
.07
.11
10.88
7. 91
1.48
.02
.57
.28
.52
0
0
.10
.39
21.53
17.08
2.34
0
.78
.90
.36
.01
0
.06
.28
29. 76
21.83
4. 55
0
0
.61
2.68
0
.09
0
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
$70. 97 $31.12 $73. 44 $166. 82
347
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
T ra n sp o r ta tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families
Number
Number
Number
Made:
in survey.. ___________________________
of families spending for transportation____
of families owning automobiles___________
of automobiles ow ned... ________________
1936___________________________________
1933-35________________________________
1930-32________________________________
1927-29________________________________
Before 1927.. . . . . _____________ . . . _
Originally purchased:
N ew _____ ____ _ __________________ . . . . . .
Second-hand_____ _______ _______________
Number of families purchasing automobiles in year:
N ew ______________ ___________ . . . ___ ____ _
Second-hand___________ __________ _________
Number of families purchasing motorcycles in year..
Number of families spending for transportation other
than automobile and motorcycle:
Trolley_______________________________________
Local bus________________________________ . _
Taxi_______________ . . . . . .
_ ______
Bicycle____________ _______________ _______
Railroad. __ . ____________ ____
. --------- _
Interurban bus____ ______________ _
. . .
Boat______________ _____________ _________
____ __________ ____ . . _
Airplane_____
146
128
57
57
0
5
16
28
8
25
20
2
2
0
1
0
1
0
51
46
20
20
0
1
6
11
2
41
34
12
12
0
0
3
7
2
29
28
23
23
0
3
7
9
4
23
34
1
1
6
14
6
6
10
13
4
7
0
1
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
0
3
1
0
88
11
3
1
6
19
0
0
16
4
0
1
0
4
0
0
30
2
1
0
2
8
0
0
24
1
2
0
3
5
0
0
18
4
0
0
1
2
0
0
Average expenditure for all transportation, total___
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase, opera
tion, and maintenance___ ______ _________ .
Purchase of: Automobiles__ __ _____ ____ _
Motorcycles. _ _____ _ _ . . . . . .
Gasoline________ ________ ______________ . . .
Fall______________________________________
Winter. ._ . . . . . . _____ ______ _ ________
Spring_____________ . __________ _____
Summer___________________ _______ _
_ _
Oil_________________________________________
Tires___ __________ . . ------------------Tubes____ . . .
____ ______ _ . . . . . . . . .
Repairs and maintenance._. . . . __________ _
Garage rent and parking_______ _. --------Licenses and taxes. ____
_ . . -----------Insurance------ ---------- ------ . . ............
Fines and damages___ . . . ________ _____ _____
Rent of automobile and/or motorcycle_____
Other automobile and motorcycle transporta
tion expense__ _________________
_____
Other transportation_________ . . . --- --------Trolley_____________________________________
Local bus ________ _ . . .
. ------- . . .
T a x i... _______ _________ ________ _____ . ._
B icy cle._. . . _ . .
. . . ---------------------Railroad_____________ _ _______
______
Interurban bus____ . . . ______
_____ . . .
Boat_________ _.
_______ . . . . . . . .. .
Airplane__________ . . ------ -----------Other transportation expense_____ ___ _____
$87. 59
$37.17
$70.44
$71. 71
$183. 57
73.89
18. 51
0
22. 60
5. 80
4.10
5. 79
6. 91
2. 75
3.10
.26
4. 39
5. 91
6.84
8.82
.03
.67
23. 67
11. 69
0
5.45
1.32
1.13
1.13
1.87
.51
.32
0
2. 34
1.29
2. 01
0
0
.06
54. 05
13. 23
0
16.82
3. 73
2. 87
4. 61
5. 61
1.97
1.60
.32
2. 68
3. 45
6. 52
6. 67
.08
.71
56. 07
10. 05
0
17. 93
4. 56
4.02
4.04
5. 31
2. 45
3. 85
.37
3. 30
4.10
5. 21
7.92
0
.85
177.17
45. 59
0
54.14
15. 03
8.96
14. 35
15. 80
6. 47
6.99
.22
10.72
16. 77
13. 92
21.50
0
.85
.01
13. 70
11.30
.37
.06
.08
.28
1.20
0
0
.41
0
13. 50
12.04
.33
0
.46
0
.67
0
0
0
0
16. 39
14. 42
.79
.01
0
.19
.98
0
0
0
.04
15.64
10.98
.01
.20
0
.66
2.34
0
0
1.45
0
6.40
5. 62
. 19
0
0
.14
.45
0
0
0
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
348
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 13. —
Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D EL PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fam
ilies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
498
108
493
115
118
0
20
49
44
5
106
9
9
0
1
2
5
1
48
70
$700
and
over
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to
$700
96
82
70
60
82
94
16
16
0
1
7
6
2
82
18
20
0
1
5
14
0
70
20
20
0
2
12
6
0
60
19
19
0
7
5
7
0
81
33
34
0
8
18
6
2
1
8
8
8
3
17
10
10
9
10
17
17
6
20
0
1
0
3
0
2
0
2
1
7
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
462
53
25
5
120
42
31
2
101
5
1
1
13
4
5
0
87
9
4
1
16
3
4
0
78
6
5
0
23
9
4
0
66
6
3
0
18
5
5
0
56
11
5
3
15
8
2
0
74
16
7
0
35
13
11
2
$54.79
$77.47
$93.17 $117. 51 $160. 54
$219. 30
10.48
1.15
0
3.11
.74
.63
.88
.86
.47
.29
.03
.09
1.91
1.20
.51
0
1.70
28.25
7.81
0
7.64
1. 58
1.38
2.00
2.68
1.11
.77
.10
1.70
3.76
2.09
1.43
0
1.12
30. 67
2. 02
0
11.82
2. 91
2.60
2.79
3. 52
1.36
1.46
.10
1. 36
6.16
2.78
2.07
.03
.98
55. 60
10.07
0
20. 32
4. 79
4.47
5.20
5.86
3. 27
1.99
.39
3.93
8.64
3. 71
2.40
0
.02
93.10
44. 61
0
18.48
4.15
3.93
5. 04
5. 36
2.96
1.23
.12
3. 81
10.36
4. 81
5. 83
0
.68
148. 40
70.62
0
31.10
7.11
6. 30
7.74
9.95
4.20
5.12
.71
7.77
14.24
5.74
7.03
.10
.99
.02
44.31
43.14
.16
.08
.09
.54
.28
.02
0
0
.72
49.22
46.12
.60
.36
.11
1.41
.24
.30
0
.08
.53
62. 50
58.04
1.18
.13
0
2.00
.85
.17
0
.13
.86
61.91
52.97
3. 36
1.69
0
3.28
.37
.24
0
0
.21
67.44
54.13
3.68
.36
.72
3. 25
3.26
2.04
0
0
.78
70.90
48.05
4.50
.14
0
10.96
.92
5.77
.08
.48
T r a n sp o rta tion E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey--------------- ----------Number of families spending for transportation___________________________________
Number of families owning automobiles____
Number of automobiles owned____________
Made: 1936____________________________
1933-35_________________________
1930-32_________________________
1927-29_________________________
Before 1927___ ____ _____________
Originally purchased:
N ew _________________ _____ __________
Second-hand _____ _______________ __
Number of families purchasing automobiles
in year:
N ew __________________ _______ _________
Second-hand------------------------------Number of families purchasing motorcycles
in year________________________________
Number of families spending for transporta
tion other than automobile and motor
cycle:
Trolley-_______________________________
Local bus---------------------------------Taxi__________________________________
Bicycle_______ _
___________________
Railroad________________ ____ __________
Interurban b u s .................................... ........
B oat____________________ _____________
Airplane-----------------------------------
Average expenditure for all transportation,
total— --------------------------------- $114.10
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase,
56.22
operation, and maintenance_________
20.50
Purchase of: Automobiles_____________
0
M otorcycles_____________
14.30
Gasoline__________ ______________ _
3.29
Fall_______________________________
W inter__________ ________________
2.97
Spring--------------------------------3.65
4.39
Summer_______________ _________
Oil__________________________________
2.05
Tires_____________________ _____ _____
1.72
.23
T u b e s _________ _____________________
Repairs and m aintenance_____________
2.86
6.96
Garage rent and parking---------------Licenses and taxes___ ________________
3.16
2. 92
Insurance___________ _______________
.02
Fines and damages______ __________
.99
Rent of automobile and/or motorcycle—
Other automobile and motorcycle trans
.51
portation expense— _______________
Other transportation______ ____________ 57.88
Trolley_____________________________
49.68
2.00
Local bus____________________________
Taxi_________________________________
.41
B icycle.._ ___________________________
.13
Railroad_____________________ ______
3.37
.84
Interurban bus_______________________
Boat___ ___________________________
1. 32
Airplane____________ _______________
.01
Other transportation expense__________
.12
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
349
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N E G R O FA M ILIES
Item
All fam
ilies
Economic level—F a m i 1 i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
T r a n sp o r ta tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey________________________
_____________
Number of families spending for transportation______________
Number of families owning autom obiles.. _________________
Number of automobiles owned_____________________________
Made: 1936— __________________________________________
1933-35__________________________________________
1930-32..________________________________________
1927-29..____ ____________________________________
Before 1927_____________ ___________________ ____
Originally purchased:
N ew
. . ________________________
_______________
Second-hand___________________ __________ __________
Number of families purchasing automobiles in year:
Second-hand------- --------------- ---------------------Number of families purchasing motorcycles in year____ ____
Number of families spending for transportation other than
automobile and motorcycle:
--- ---------------------Trolley----------------------Local bus_______ ______
_______________________ . .
T a x i________ ________ ___________ _ __ ___________
Bicycle ___________ ______ - . -------- -------------Railroad__________________ ________ . . . . . --------- .
Interurban bus-------------------------- -- ----------------Boat
.. . .
__________ - ________ ___________ ___
A irplane------------------------------- ------------------Average expenditure for all transportation, total_____________
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase, operation, and
maintenance--- ----------------------------------- ------Purchase of: A utom obiles.. -------------------- --------Motorcycles____ __ _______________ ______
Gasoline_______ _ ______________________________ ____
Fall________________________________________________
W inter-------------- -----------------------------Spring___ . ______. . .
. . . . . ________
... _
Summer..
__ . _. _________ _ _________________
Oil___________________________________________________
____
_____
___ ________ __ __
__
Tires
Tubes _________ . . . .
_ . ---------------- --------Repairs and maintenance... ----- ----------- ------Garage rent and parking__________________________ . . .
Licenses and taxes.. _. ___
._ -------. . . ._ . . _. _
Insurance____ _ . . . ------ . . . -----------------------Fines and damages. ______ _______ .
--------------Rent of automobile and/or motorcycle__________________
Other automobile and motorcycle transportation expense._
Other transportation. . . . . . ______________________ _____
Trolley________ _________________ __________________
Local bus---- --------- . ------------------------ ------T a x i . . . _______ ________ _____ _ . . ________________
B icycle_______________________________________________
Railroad________________ ___ . . . ___ . _______________
Interurban bus------- ------------------------------------Boat
_____________________________________________
Airplane_________________________________________ ____
Other transportation expense__________ ________ . . . .
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
101
101
13
14
0
2
5
7
0
55
55
8
8
0
0
1
7
0
31
31
1
2
0
1
1
0
15
15
4
4
0
1
3
0
0
0
6
9
1
7
1
1
3
1
1
3
0
0
2
0
o
0
0
1
1
0
98
2
3
0
18
9
1
0
54
1
0
0
8
2
1
0
31
0
2
0
6
0
0
13
1
1
0
4
2
0
0
$76.63
$58. 32
$74.30
$148.65
24.42
11. 47
0
4.92
1. 41
1.02
1.08
1.41
.89
.39
. 14
.75
3.90
1. 70
.26
0
0
0
52. 21
47. 50
.50
.05
0
2.84
.86
.01
0
.45
17. 02
2.98
0
5.38
1.68
1. 06
1.18
1.46
.86
.71
.27
1. 31
3. 53
1.98
0
0
0
0
41.30
39.79
.04
0
0
1.25
.21
.01
0
0
8. 23
0
0
3.85
.87
.87
.87
1.24
. 67
0
0
.13
2. 77
.63
.18
0
0
0
66.07
57. 75
0
. 11
0
4.83
1.91
0
0
1.47
85.10
66.30
0
5.50
1. 57
1.18
1.18
1. 57
1. 46
0
0
0
7.56
2.89
1. 39
0
0
0
63. 55
54. 60
3. 24
. 09
0
4. 57
1. 05
0
0
0
5
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
350
T able
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , P A —W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level —Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
and
under
$400
$400
and
under
$500
$500
and
under
$600
$600
and
under
$700
$700
and
over
T ra n sp o rta tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey.
__
-------------Number of families spending for transportation------- ------------ ----------- .
Number of families owning automobiles __ _
Number of automobiles owned____ ____
Made: 1936____________________________
1933-35__________________________
1930-32_________________________
1927-29__________________________
Before 1927.. ___ _ ____
Originally purchased:
N ew .
. . . ____ . . _. . . . . . . . . .
Second-hand __ __________________
Number families purchasing automobiles in
year:
N ew . ____________________________ . . .
Second-hand
_ ------------Number of families purchasing motorcycles
in year__ ______ _. ._ . . . _________
Number of families spending for transporta
tion other than automobile and motor
cycle:
Trolley
. . . --- ----------- . . .
Local b u s..
. . . ..
. . . ----- -_
. . . . . . ------- . .
Taxi_ ________
Bicycle __ ---- ----------- . . . .
Railroad. _______ .
. . . -----------Interurban bus. __ . . . . ------ . . .
Boat
----- --------. . . ------. . .
Airplane_ ____________ ______ . . . . . .
_
346
75
76
65
54
38
38
341
118
117
0
16
52
45
4
71
10
10
0
0
1
7
2
76
16
16
0
2
10
3
1
65
19
19
0
2
9
8
0
54
29
28
0
2
11
15
0
38
18
18
0
2
8
7
1
37
26
26
0
8
13
5
0
58
61
3
7
5
11
8
11
11
18
12
7
19
7
8
12
0
1
0
1
0
4
1
2
1
2
6
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
310
7
8
0
24
14
1
0
65
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
67
0
0
0
7
2
0
0
60
2
3
0
6
6
0
0
50
2
3
0
1
1
0
0
35
0
1
0
7
4
1
0
33
2
1
0
1
1
0
0
$60. 21
$79.97
$91. 79 $136.95 $148.10
$271. 85
16. 63
3.80
0
6.98
1.64
1.50
1.60
2.24
.72
.70
.07
.85
.81
1.89
.42
0
30. 42
.90
0
15. 79
3.63
3.13
3. 77
5. 26
1.37
2.18
.18
2.11
3. 22
2.87
.26
.05
Average expenditure for all transportation,
total______________ . . -------------- . $115. 35
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase,
operation, and maintenance_________
67.00
24. 25
Purchase of: Automobiles____ _____ . . .
M o t o r c y c le s ...
___
0
Gasoline__ ________________
_ _ __
22.80
Fall_______________________________
5. 25
W in te r ______ ___
____
... ...
4.74
Spring______ _ ________ __________
5. 36
Summer_____ __ ___ ____________
7. 45
Oil__________________________________
2. 29
Tires___ _____ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1.89
T u b e s ______________________________
. 14
Repairs and maintenance. _ ___ __ _
2. 51
Garage rent and parking.
4.97
Licenses and taxes.__ _____ _ _______
4. 43
Insurance,_ __ _ _______ __ ___ _ _
2. 69
.14
Fines and damages. --------------- __
Rent of automobile and/or motor
.89
cycle__ ___________________ _ ___
Other automobile and motorcycle trans
portation expense _ _ __ ________ _
0
Other transportation____ ______ _______ _ 48. 35
44. 43
Trolley______________________________
Local bus________________
________
.49
Taxi------------------ ----------------.06
0
Bicycle_______ ______ _ _ __ ________
2. 62
Railroad_____ __ __ _ ___ ______ _
Interurban bus _____________________
.61
.02
B o a t _______
_
___
0
Airplane. _ _ __ ______
.12
Other transportation expense__________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
.39
1.49
0
43.58
43.02
.03
0
0
.53
0
0
0
0
0
49. 55
43.29
0
0
0
5. 94
.09
0
0
.23
38. 70
10.93
0
14.17
3. 37
3.11
3. 25
4. 44
1.11
1. 02
.12
1.86
3.90
3. 27
1.66
.66
0
0
53.09
48. 74
.07
.06
0
1.75
2. 35
0
0
.12
90.00
24. 76
0
34. 56
8.11
7. 69
8. 58
10.18
3.97
2. 71
.08
4.10
7. 72
6. 78
3.48
.05
94.93
30.92
0
34. 48
8.28
7.14
8.01
11.05
4.26
2. 22
.16
4. 41
8.88
6. 73
1.93
0
227. 30
126. 69
0
54. 49
11.68
10.58
12. 36
19.87
4. 89
3. 61
.30
3. 52
10.70
8. 95
13. 32
0
1.79
.94
.83
0
46.95
43.17
2.38
0
.22
.42
.43
0
0
.33
0
53.17
46.91
0
.07
0
5.58
.40
.21
0
0
0
44. 55
41.46
.92
.07
0
1.73
.37
0
0
0
351
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T ab le 13. — Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.--Negro families
Item
All
families
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
Portland, Maine—White families
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
T ra n sp o rta tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey_____________ _
Number of families spending for
transportation_________ _____
Number of families owning automo
biles ________________ _______
Number of automobiles owned_____
Made: 1936_____________________
1933-35__________________
1930-32__________________
1927-29__________________
Before 192 7... _________
Originally purchased:
N ew ____ _______ _______ _. .
Second-hand. ________________
Number of families purchasing auto
mobiles in year:
. --------N ew __ ____ ____
Second-hand________ . _______
Number of families purchasing
motorcycles in year_____________
Number of families spending for
transportation other than auto
mobile and motorcycle:
Trolley_______ ____ ______ _____
Local bus____ _
_______ ______
T a x i... . . .
_____ ___ . . .
Bicycle___________ ___________
R ailroad... _______ _____
____
Interurban bus______ _ ______
Boat.
. _________ ________
Airplane________ ____ __________
97
49
35
13
153
66
50
37
96
48
35
13
142
58
48
36
19
19
0
0
5
14
0
8
8
0
0
1
7
0
8
8
0
0
2
6
0
3
3
0
0
2
1
0
74
75
0
14
23
33
5
26
26
0
3
8
12
3
27
27
0
4
11
11
1
21
22
0
7
4
10
1
2
17
1
7
0
8
1
2
17
58
1
25
8
19
8
14
0
9
0
4
0
4
0
1
3
16
0
7
0
7
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
93
0
8
0
13
4
1
1
47
0
1
0
5
1
0
0
34
0
6
0
6
3
1
0
12
0
1
0
2
0
0
1
109
2
11
0
11
19
14
0
45
1
3
0
1
5
2
0
37
0
3
0
4
8
5
0
27
1
5
0
6
6
7
0
$73.43 $108. 21
$101.01
Average expenditure for all trans
portation, total____ ________ $64.19
Automobiles and motorcycles—
purchase, o p e r a t io n , and
30.32
maintenance_______________
Purchase of: Automobiles __ . . .
9.98
Motorcycles____ _
0
9.09
G asoline... _______ _ _ _ . . .
2.64
Fall_____________ ___________
1.69
Winter. _ . . . . . . . . . . . . ___
1.97
Spring____
. . . . ______
2. 79
Summer _ _
______ _
1.45
Oil__________________________
1.87
Tires_________________________
.13
T ubes__ . . . . . . _____________
1.76
Repairs and maintenance______
3.29
Garage rent and parking______
_____ . . .
2.26
Licenses and taxes
Insurance
_________ _
.05
Fines and damages
__ _ .
0
Rent of automobile and/or
motorcycle. . . . _ __ . . . ____
.42
Other automobile and motor
.02
cycle transportation expense. _
Other transportation__________
33.87
31.10
Trolley_ _____ . . . __ _ ___
_
Local bus_____
____
0
.21
Taxi __ . . . ._ ______ _. _.
Bicycle_
_
_ ... ... ... _
0
2.31
Railroad______
_ . . . . __
.17
Interurban bus_____
____
.06
Boat_____________ ______
Airplane_______ ______ . . .
.02
Other transportation expense..
0
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
$45.91
16.36
5.06
0
5.26
1. 74
.71
1.07
1.74
1.06
1.97
.13
.42
.78
1.43
0
0
38. 72
17. 55
0
8.92
2.86
1.75
1.85
2.46
1.65
1.14
.14
1.32
4.04
3.16
0
0
60. 35
8.14
0
23. 95
5.42
5. 27
5.63
7.63
2. 38
3.46
.03
7. 98
10. 75
2.96
.41
0
81.42
26. 27
0
27. 86
6.61
5. 28
6.96
9.01
3.43
2.59
.21
2. 25
3.47
8.82
4. 28
1.35
$63.34 $104.43 $163.61
48. 51
14. 77
0
19.79
4.41
3.88
5.03
6.47
2. 53
1.02
.08
1.44
.94
6. 51
.79
.01
83. 30
18.20
0
31.73
7. 35
5.41
8. 28
10.69
4.13
3.23
.29
2. 91
5. 77
9.25
4.60
2.10
137.65
57. 70
0
37.04
9. 54
7. 62
8.62
11.26
4.11
4.55
.34
2.80
4.86
12.36
10.07
2. 72
.21
.80
.29
.46
.15
.82
.54
.04
29. 55
28.48
0
.01
0
1.00
.06
0
0
0
0
34.71
30.60
0
.54
0
3.03
.38
.16
0
0
0
47.86
42.32
0
.08
0
5.34
0
0
.12
0
.43
19. 59
15.91
.01
.10
0
.70
1.28
1.59
0
0
.48
14.83
14.40
.01
.05
0
.04
.30
.03
0
0
.27
21.13
17.33
0
.05
0
.78
.90
2.07
0
0
.56
25.96
16.68
.02
.25
0
1.75
3. 55
3. 71
0
0
352
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 13. —
Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Rochester, N . Y.
Item
All
families
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—Fam
ilies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Un
der
$400
All
fami
lies
$600
and
over
$400
to
$600
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
U n
der
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
T ra n sp o r ta tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey_____________
Families spending for transpor
tation--------------- ------Families owning automobiles___
Number of automobiles owned __
Made: 1936____....... ......... ........
1933-1935_____________
1930-1932_____________
1927-1929_____________
Before 1927___________
Originally purchased:
N ew ______________________
Second-hand______________
Number of families purchasing
automobiles in year:
N ew _______________________
Second-hand_______________
Number of families purchasing
motorcycles in year----------Number of families spending for
transportation other than
automobile and motorcycle:
Trolley ______ ______________
Local bus___________________
Taxi________________________
Bicycle ___________________
Railroad____________________
Interurban bus______________
Boat..... ......................................
Airplane--- -------------------
301
95
115
91
231
38
58
95
40
292
168
170
89
33
33
114
71
72
89
64
65
211
67
67
33
7
7
52
14
14
86
40
4
18
27
14
4
25
28
3
3
1
3
7
3
0
23
56
70
0
1
7
15
0
22
0
0
0
26
26
20
20
0
0
0
0
1
3
13
6
21
10
41
5
71
99
12
21
26
46
33
32
35
32
3
4
9
5
12
5
29
0
6
0
12
11
5
1
8
0
1
0
0
0
6
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
253
77
96
80
25
3
3
3
9
75
4
3
30
5
170
17
4
40
15
5
13
4
3
2
20
11
0
1
1
1
0
0
6
6
0
6
1
4
1
8
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
10
3
14
4
6
0
1
1
0
0
11
2
7
4
11
14
8
1
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
1
20
4
Average expenditure for all trans
portation, total____________ $121. 39 $54.96 $108.89 $206. 60
Automobiles and motorcycles—
purchase, operation, and
92. 81 30.59
maintenance____ ____ _
79.11 175.11
74.94
Purchase of: Automobiles.
30.68
5. 45
16. 52
Motorcycles___
0
0
0
0
Gasoline__________ ________
32.38 15.45
49. 53
32.78
7.69
4.04
11. 25
Fall____________________
7.88
W inter__________________
2.84
6.33
6.52
9.72
Spring__________________
3.54
7. 86
7.78
12.49
Summer.
___
5.03
10. 50
10.60
16.07
Oil_______________________
3. 76
3.54
1. 55
6.34
Tires_____________________
2.55
.60
3.20
3.76
Tubes_____ _______________
.41
.30
.07
.42
4.62
Repairs and maintenance___
.96
4.64
8. 41
4.12
3.74
Garage rent and parking___
.80
8.08
Licenses and taxes_________
7.83
4.09
10. 56
8.75
Insurance ________________
1.11
12. 37
5.61
3.98
Fines and damages___ ___
.46
0
1.15
.07
Rent of automobile and/or
motorcycle______________
.27
.27
.21
.36
Other automobile and motor
cycle transportation ex
-.23
.24
.19
pense___________________
.27
Other transportation. ______
28.58 24. 37
29.78
31.49
28.23
Trolley_________ _______
26. 77 23.45
28.39
.34
Local bus_________________
.15
.16
0
.13
.08
.13
T a x i.______ _____________
.1 1
.44
.12
Bicycle___________________
.26
.19
.67
1.85
Railroad__________________
.87
.17
.24
.24
.02
.46
Interurban bus____________
.14
.31
.1 1
B o a t ______ ______________
.18
0
0
0
0
Airplane.. . __ _______
0
0
.01
Other transportation expense.
0)
0
9
2
0
0
1
12
8
2
0
3
3
1
0
$61. 37 $41.15 $39.15 $64.89 $104. 51
40.41
8. 31
19. 54
3.39
26. 32
15. 02
3. 53
3.29
3.94
4.26
1.99
1.85
.17
1.36
4.71
3. 57
2. 62
.21
7. 52
1 . 62
1.43
2.08
2.39
.85
1.47
' .04
.03
1.06
2. 25
1. 32
.37
9.96
2.29
2.29
2.60
2.78
1.08
1.74
. 12
.07
6. 33
3.15
2. 31
.46
1.24
1.00
.14
20.96
16.15
1.76
.04
0
21. 61
.54
12.83
10. 07
2.16
.07
0
.01
.77
1.17
1.06
0
0
0
15.88
3.79
0
0
1.00
.88
.06
0
0
0
0
.02
0
.32
.21
0
0
0
41. 44
12. 42
78. 32
15.28
14.82
3. 53
3.14
3.95
4.20
2.06
1.48
.19
1. 46
3. 43
3. 42
2.15
30.00
7.18
6.90
7. 62
8. 30
4.25
3.27
.33
4.27
8.85
5.82
5.45
.80
0
.01
0
0
23.45
18.91
.97
.07
.03
1.09
2.19
.19
0
0
0
0
0
26.19
18. 65
1.12
0
0
.44
.39
5.59
0
0
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
353
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
S P R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H IT E FA M IL IE S
Item
All
families
Economic level—F a m i l i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
T ra n sp o r ta tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey.________________ __ _________ _____ _ .
Number of families spending for transportation_____________
Number of families owning automobiles. __________________
Number of automobiles owned
__________________ _ _ .
Made: 1936____________________________________________
1933-1936_______________________________________
_ _
1930-1932__________________________________
1927-1929_______________________________________
Before 1927 ____
_ __ ___
_ _
_
Originally purchased:
N ew __ _____________ _____ ______ _____ ____ _________
Second-hand________________ ____________ ___ _________
Number of families purchasing automobiles in year:
248
231
93
93
Second-hand _ ________ _________________ _________ _
Number of families purchasing motorcycles in y e a r _________
Number of families spending for transportation other than auto
mobile and motorcycle:
Trolley___ __________________ ____________ ___ _______
Local bus______________ _______ _ ________
-- _ .
Taxi _____________________ ___________ -- ___________
Bicycle ________________
_______ ___ ________________
Railroad______ ___ __________ - __ _ _ ______ ___ _____
Interurban bus______ ____ ____ ____- ______________ Boat
_____________ ______ ___ _ ______________ _____
A ir p la n e _____________ ___ _____ ___ - - ________________
10
0
Average expenditure for all transportation, total___________ _
Automobiles and motorcycles—purchase, operation, and
maintenance ______ ______ ________________________
Purchase of: Automobiles
....... ............. .............. .............
Motorcycles__ __________ _______________
Gasoline.— _______________________ ________ _______
Fall ______________________________________________
W in te r __________ ____
_____________ ______ _
Spring __________ ____ _ _ _ ___________ ____ _____ _
Summer_______ ___ ___ _____ _______ ______________
Oil _________________________________________________
T ir e s _________________
__ _ ________ _ _________
Tubes________________ ____ _
_________ - _____ ___
Repairs and maintenance___________________ _ _ ______
Garage rent and parking
__________________________
Licenses and taxes __ __ _ __ __ __________________
________ _______________ ______ _________
Insurance
Fines and damages _ __
___
_________________ .
Rent of automobile and/or motorcycles. ________________
Other automobile and motorcycle transportation expense..
Other transportation
________ ______ _______ _
Trolley___________ _ _____________________________
Local bus___ ______
.. . ___ ___ _____ _ - ____Taxi ___ ____
. _ _ _ _ ________________ ______
Bicycle________ ______ ______________ ____ __ _______
Railroad- _. ______ ___ ._ ________________ ________
Interurban bus ____ _ _____ _ . . _______ - ______
Boat
.
_______ ________ _______ -- __________
Airplane
___ __ _______________ ______________ ___
Other transportation expense ____________ _________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
81
72
14
14
o
99
94
39
39
0
2
11
1
0
2
11
22
4
37
56
5
9
14
25
22
3
o
o
3
o
0
73
42
0
7
27
52
7
2
0
174
25
59
7
5
68
65
40
40
o
5
14
19
2
18
3
5
6
33
26
1
11
12
1
0
12
1
0
0
10
10
0
0
1
0
0
0
$107. 59
$57.56
$97.30
$182.16
75.32
16.84
27.43
3.68
63.04
8.18
150. 21
45.12
24.95
6. 60
4.24
6.07
8.04
3. 35
2. 73
9.25
2.63
23. 46
5.87
3.94
5.50
8.15
3.56
2.90
3. 50
3. 46
3. 56
14.72
.04
1.65
.30
32.27
25.73
3.09
.09
.35
1.18
1.79
.04
0
0
.57
.70
1.60
6.39
45.75
12.36
7. 51
11.59
14.29
5.96
4.49
.34
7.17
7.86
6.39
25.24
.07
1.62
10
1
0
.22
0
1.86
2.12
2.64
.91
1.04
.1 1
.02
2.40
.76
30.13
23.88
2.72
.09
0
.97
2.47
0
0
0
4
7
0
.22
3.38
2. 71
3.22
14. 31
.04
1.06
0
34.26
29.30
1.49
.12
.88
.82
1.56
.09
0
0
9
0
.20
31.95
22.75
5.87
.03
0
1.96
1.34
0
0
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
354
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level-—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
P e r s o n a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
516
Families in survey------------------ -------Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
493
Haircuts_____________________________
37
Shaves by barber---------- -------- ----42
Shampoos............ ......................................
13
Manicures------------------------------109
Permanent w aves-------------------- __
117
Other waves........ ........... ...........................
Other personal care services- _________
5
Toilet articles and preparations:
495
Toilet s o a p --- -- . -----------------Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth
484
w a s h e s . -- ________ ____
Cosmetic and toilet preparations
367
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet
330
articles. . ----------------------------Av. expend, per family for personal care, total. $26.19
13.45
Personal care services, total______________
10.05
Haircuts--- ------------ ------ --------.39
Shaves by barber.................................. .
.49
Shampoos____________________________
.17
Manicures------------------------------Permanent waves_____________________
1.05
Other waves...................... .....................
1.27
Other personal care services____________
.03
Toilet articles and preparation, total.......... 12. 74
Toilet soap------------------------------4.89
Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes____
4.36
Cosmetic and toilet preparations_______
2. 29
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet
articles________ . ------------------1.20
Av. expend, per person for personal care, total.
6. 55
96
100
117
85
51
88
96
5
111
10
83
49
66
5
4
20
3
4
2
1
6
7
3
2
12
6
0
15
18
27
3
88
97
110
85
60
95
55
$21. 53
10. 29
9. 33
.18
.14
.05
.46
.13
55
$23. 65
11. 74
10.19
6
1
20
20
0
67
7
2
13
18
4
28
28
84
50
66
110
88
83
58
46
41
65
54
53
$26. 53
13.11
9.74
.65
.34
.01
1.02
11. 24
4.87
4.02
1. 36
11.91
4.61
4. 62
1.83
13.46
5.02
4. 50
2.55
1.23
. 12
13. 42
5. 72
4.49
1.72
33
$26. 40
14. 41
9.78
.36
.52
.19
1.31
2.16
.09
11. 99
4.04
3.84
3.14
51
$33.07
18.48
10.30
.57
.56
.69
83
$27.93
14.47
10.73
.45
.26
.24
1.07
1.72
.99
3.58
.85
5. 32
1.39
7.30
1.49
7.69
.97
9.60
1.53
13. 85
24
41
33
47
43
16
47
43
33
20
41
13
4
20
0
21
0
66
.20
.09
.01
0
0
1
1
2.11
.69
2.41
2. 36
.04
14. 59
4.69
4. 41
3. 96
M e d ic a l C a re E x p e n d it u r e s
Families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: H om e.....................
199
Office.................... .
167
Specialist and other practitioner........... .
59
D e n tis t____________ ________________
212
Clinic______________ _________________
57
Nurse: In home: Private..... ..................
14
Visiting_____ _____
1
In hospital............. ............... ........
7
Hospital: Private room.............................
28
Bed in ward _______________
43
Medicine and drugs........................... ........
391
Eyeglasses _.
. . . _________________
107
Medical appliances_____________________
46
Accident and health insurance___________
29
Av. expend, per family for medical care, total. $48. 72
Services of—
General practitioner: Hom e___________
7.74
Office.. ________
4.43
Specialist and other practitioner
.
4.53
D entist_______ ______________________
10.28
Clinic___________ ________ _________
1.08
Nurse: In home: Private______ ____
1.09
Visiting______ ______ _
.01
In hospital_________ _______ ___
1.15
Hospital: Private room_______________
2.86
Bed in ward _______________
4. 22
Medicine and drugs. ______ _________ _
6.68
Eyeglasses____ _
___________________
2.79
Medical ap p lian ces.____________ _____
.22
Accident and health insurance___ ______
.85
Other medical care_____________________
79
Av. expend, per person for medical care, total. 12.18
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
21
8
26
12
1
0
1
3
5
66
13
6
2
12
42
13
4
0
0
3
12
71
17
9
6
$21.96
$42.12
3 .86
1.19
2.37
6.78
.29
.08
8.65
4. 77
4.23
4. 65
.46
.63
0
.02
1.32
1.03
3.07
1.24
.08
.55
.08
3. 65
0
0
1. 21
7.68
5.79
2.29
.21
.77
.78
9. 47
11
4
1
10
84
24
75
24
4
7
11
4
$49. 96
7.73
4.74
5.19
7.89
1. 49
2.33
.05
.20
3.03
4.81
7.48
3. 23
.35
.53
.91
13.06
21
11
36
3
5
1
0
0
1
0
1
8
10
3
9
24
16
4
8
0
0
2
4
4
44
2
51
19
10
8
8
$66. 66
5
$55.19
5
$67.10
11. 37
4.52
5. 72
11. 47
2.47
1.08
7.96
3.67
3.08
14. 75
.43
2.52
7. 21
8.52
6.49
22.94
1.14
4.88
7.49
3.59
8. 35
3. 53
.07
.24
5. 43
11 . 26
2. 57
.90
19. 31
20.07
0
1.22
0
0
.20
1.20
1.88
0
0
2.26
3.37
2. 45
6.22
4. 25
.41
1.20
.64
28.10
355
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
BU FFA LO , N . Y.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
P e r so n a l C a re E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in s u r v e y -------------------------450
Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts-------- ---------- -------------442
Shaves by barber.----------------------23
41
Shampoos________________________ ___
Manicures______ ______ _____
_ _ ___
9
232
Permanent waves______ ____ _
______
Other waves_________ _______ _
____
253
8
Other personal care services.. _______
Toilet articles and preparations:
442
Toilet s o a p _____________ _ -------Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes____
420
418
Cosmetic and toilet preparations ____
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles___
416
Av. expend, per family for personal care, total. $28.20
Personal care services, total. ---------- __ 14.11
Haircuts____
____________________
8. 57
Shaves by barber-----------------------.34
Sh am poos___________________________
.42
Manicures. _ _ _____________________
.12
Permanent waves__________ __________
2.13
Other waves____ ___ _ _ __________
2.44
Other personal care services. _________
.09
Toilet articles and preparations, total __ __ 14.09
Toilet soap. _ _ _ _________ ______
4. 53
Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes____
3.46
Cosmetic and toilet preparations ______
3.84
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles____
2. 26
Av. expend, per person for personal care, total.
8.14
51
82
104
85
54
74
51
81
101
3
11
2
7
83
7
5
54
3
72
4
55
56
49
50
27
38
46
44
104
95
96
98
$26. 33
13. 40
8.04
.73
.29
.09
2.08
83
79
78
77
$28. 95
13.68
8.24
54
52
54
52
$31. 59
16.04
9. 32
.26
.67
.16
2. 04
3. 48
72
72
70
65
$33. 21
17. 48
8. 34
.56
1.24
1
0
1
1
1
23
25
32
40
50
44
42
47
$22. 48
11. 37
8. 93
0)
79
78
78
77
$26.69
1
0
0
.02
1.35
1.07
0
11.11
4. 41
2.86
2.12
1. 72
4.02
12.88
9.09
.03
.28
.08
1.24
2.13
.03
13.81
4. 52
3. 92
3.28
2.09
6.23
2
2
2
.21
.12
10
1
1
7. 94
.19
2.58
2.31
.03
15. 27
4. 51
3.64
4. 67
2.45
9. 67
42
48
16
43
38
36
4
38
3
97
16
78
49
$63. 34
2.12
.05
12. 93
4. 24
3.05
3. 53
2.11
.11
15. 55
4. 79
3. 50
4. 59
2. 67
10. 92
12
2
2
.20
3.26
3. 56
.32
15. 73
4. 87
3. 73
4. 61
2. 52
14. 39
M e d ic a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: Home _____ . _
178
Office . . . _______
185
Specialist and other practitioner . _
64
Dentist______ __________ . __ _ . . . _
205
C linic._ . . .
_______ __________ __
2
Nurse: In home: Private_______ _ . . .
3
Visiting_____ ____ . . .
2
___ _
In hospital__________
3
Hospital: Private room____ _ . . .
27
Bed in ward_________
_ ...
14
412
Medicine and drugs.. ___________ _ . . .
Eyeglasses. _. _
_________
______
73
Medical appliances. _ _ __
38
Accident and health insurance.. _ _____
114
Av. expend, per family for medical care, total. $52. 58
Services of—
General practitioner: Home___________
7. 56
Office____________
7.29
Specialist and other practitioner_______
5. 37
D e n tis t___
_______________________
10. 38
C linic.. __ ________________________
.09
Nurse: In home: Private---------------.11
Visiting ____________
.05
In h o sp ita l___________________
.31
Hospital: Private room_______________
3. 55
Bed in ward________________
1.08
Medicine and drugs. _ ________ ________
9.74
Eyeglasses. __ _________________________
2. 75
Medical appliances
_ ________
.13
Accident and health insurance______ . . .
3.83
Other medical care.. _ _ _ _ _ _ _____
_
.34
Av. expend, per person for medical care, total. 15.17
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
24
28
24
21
5
10
32
22
0
0
0
0
1
5
47
7
4
3
$38. 52
4.49
5. 22
8. 92
4.64
0
0
0
0
.05
3.80
7.44
0
0
0
0
4
2
74
13
4
3
2
11
24
$50.23
7
19
$44. 20
3.84
4.07
3. 46
5.46
7. 55
7. 27
4 .86
9. 65
9.35
6. 69
.29
8.98
12
0
0
0
0
1. 38
.68
.09
.35
7.02
. 18
7.24
1.86
11
0
1
1
1
$31.01
7.63
2.14
.07
1.66
0
1
0
0
6
2.10
0
.10
0
0
2.98
.72
10.48
2.83
.08
3.13
.58
15.04
0
.42
.10
.07
1. 52
.88
11.01
2.04
.08
2. 56
.21
14.76
22
20
13
24
1
0
1
0
6
1
8
5
21
9. 54
6. 66
6. 50
10.18
.09
0
.22
0
11.82
.89
8. 56
2. 92
.40
5.19
. 37
21. 90
24
36
16
46
1
1
0
2
7
1
67
18
7
35
$91.25
10.29
13. 49
10. 76
22.60
.47
.05
0
1.82
5. 44
.54
12.05
4. 64
.14
8.69
.27
39.57
356
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
Lancaster, Pa.
E c o n o m ic le v e l—
Families spending
per e x p e n d itu r e
All
unit per year
fami
lies
$600
Under $400
to
and
$400
$600
over
E conom ic level—Fam ilies
spending per expenditure
unit per year
All
families Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
P e r s o n a l C a re E x p e n d it u r e s
______
Families in survey______
Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts. __________________
Shaves by barber_______ _____
Shampoos___________________
Manicures___________________
Permanent w aves_____ ______
Other waves_________________
Other personal care services---Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap__________________
Tooth powder, tooth paste,
mouth washes____________ _
Cosmetic and toilet preparations.
Brushes, razor blades, and other
toilet articles____ ___ _ Average expenditure per family for
personal care, total. _. ______ .
Personal care services, total___ _
Haircuts ___________________
Shaves by barber
----------Shampoos___________________
Manicures------ ------------Permanent w aves. . . . . . _____
Other waves________ _ _ _ _ _
Other personal care services---Toilet articles and preps., total—
Toilet soap________ _______
Tooth powder, paste, mouth wash.
Cosmetic and toilet preparations
Brushes, razor blades, and other
toilet articles___
_ _.
Average expenditure per person for
personal care, total. _____ ____
153
66
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
142
7
6
1
54
30
2
60
0
0
0
17
5
0
42
1
1
0
14
9
0
29
3
2
0
16
10
1
11
3
3
1
7
6
1
148
15
26
4
64
36
3
75
6
6
1
24
10
1
44
6
9
1
25
10
1
29
3
11
2
15
16
1
149
63
46
29
11
148
72
46
30
127
116
53
46
36
34
28
27
10
9
144
131
69
63
46
39
29
29
91
34
30
20
7
125
61
39
25
$21.13 $19. 69 $20.17 $24.35 $25.12
10.82
9.67
9. 65 13. 56 15.56
8.44
8.53
8.88
8.09
7.77
.31
0
1.24
.83
0)
.16
.05
0
.57
.37
.02
0
.22
0
0
1.24
.93
.76
3.82
1.81
.63
.03
.58
1.40
2.24
.02
0
0
.01
.31
10. 31 10.02 10. 52 10. 79
9. 56
4.62
5.24
4.70
4.44
3.16
2.93
2.61
2.88
3.20
2.90
1.73
2.00
1.85
2.47
2.74
$28.23 $24.37 $28.48 $37. 67
13.07 10.95 13. 52 17.82
7.71
6.83
8. 51
7.06
.71
.45
.84
1.17
.98
.38
.89
2.61
.13
.03
.01
.56
2.56
3.82
1.40
3. 51
.98
1.09
.18
2.81
.04
.10
0)
(9
15.16 13.42 14.96 19.85
4.75
4.22
4.93
5.10
4.25
3.61
4.70
5.18
4.33
3.42
4.02
7.11
.73
.62
.94
.68
.76
1.83
1.46
2.02
2.46
4.91
3.44
5.63
8.07
10.56
7.99
5.59
9.34
16.89
81
90
15
90
6
4
5
3
11
8
114
39
8
21
46
41
8
45
2
3
4
1
6
4
60
18
5
7
27
28
5
26
2
1
1
2
5
2
31
9
2
6
8
21
2
19
2
0
0
0
0
2
23
12
1
8
M e d i c a l C a re hExpenditures
Families spending for medical care:
Services of—
62
17
26
13
6
General practitioner: Hom e--24
78
Office____
31
13
10
24
5
7
Specialist and other practitioner.
9
3
75
22
31
19
3
D entist______ ______ _____
2
2
5
1
0
Clinic________________ . _ _
1
1
0
0
0
Nurse: In home: Private------0
0
0
Visiting______
0
0
3
1
0
1
In hospital___
___
1
10
1
1
2
Hospital: Private room..
___
6
10
5
4
1
Bed in ward. _____
0
35
22
116
50
Medicine and drugs____________
9
31
17
11
3
Eyeglasses_____________________
0
4
2
8
1
1
Medical appliances_____________
26
13
7
5
1
Accident and health insurance--Average expenditure per family for
medical care, total_______ _ ._ $56.68 $39.26 $44.49 $83.00 $140.34
Services of—
7.98
8.41
4.90
9.29 14.67
General practitioner: Home---7.03
4.35
Office___
7.55
9.31 14.64
Specialist and other practitioner.
9.94
1.88
6.22 19.96 46. 58
7.74
4.98
6.13 17.17
5.29
D entist_____________ _______
.26
.09
.23
0
Clinic___ __________________
2.20
.11
.24
0
0
0
Nurse: In home: Private______
Visiting . . . _
0
0
0
0
0
.18
In hospital____________
.78
0
.31
8.91
1.47
1.63 16.29 10. 58
5.08
Hospital: Private room. _____
2.93
2.59
Bed in ward__ _ __
2.58
0
14.46
5.82
6.64
5.07
Medicine and drugs____________
9.05
8.27
2.82
3. 53
3. 50
1.24
0
Eyeglasses_____________
____
.12
.05
.04
.27
.18
Medical appliances_____________
5.35
3.83
2.34
2.76
3.81
Accident and health insurance_
_
1.42
.30
.95
.81 10.66
Other medical care_____________
Average expenditure per person for
13.15
6.88 12.41 27.50 59.03
medical care, total____ . . . _ . . .
i Less than 0.5 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
$54.32 $50.12 $62.63 $52.10
10. 58
5.44
4.58
8.50
.14
.43
.36
.49
2.39
3.53
7.74
4.48
.08
1.83
3.75
11.15
3.89
4.10
8.20
.01
.68
.42
.11
2. 78
2.45
7.44
3.60
.11
1.09
4.09
15.18
6.04
5.45
8.63
.16
.30
.50
1.43
3.30
2. 38
9. 47
4. 39
.04
1.97
3.39
2.10
8.40
4.46
9.05
.44
0
0
0
0
8.00
5.81
6.85
.07
3.47
3.45
15.40
11.52
20.88
23.38
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
357
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
P e r s o n a l C a re E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey___________________________ ___
Number of families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts
___________________________ _
Shaves by barber_______________ _______ _ _
Shampoos ______________________ _________
Manicures_________________________ _ _ ___
Permanent waves________________ _ _ _____
Other waves____________________ __________ _
Other personal care services._ ________________
Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap ______________ ____ _____________
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth w a s h e s .___
Cosmetic and toilet preparations______________
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles__
Average expenditure per family for personal care,
total
_
... _
Personal care services, t o t a l____ _______________
Haircuts_________ 1_________________________
Shaves by barber____________________ _______
Shampoos__________________________ ________
Manicures_____________________ ________ ____
Permanent waves____________________ ______
Other waves________________________________
Other personal care services__________________
Toilet articles and preparations, t o t a l . _________
Toilet soap __ ______________________________
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth washes_____
Cosmetic and toilet preparations______________
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles.. _
Average expenditure per person for personal care,
total__________ ______________________________
146
25
51
41
29
139
14
12
1
24
2
22
4
0
0
3
2
0
50
3
3
0
24
6
0
39
2
1
0
15
10
1
28
5
8
1
13
6
1
136
129
102
72
22
22
13
12
46
46
37
25
39
34
30
23
29
27
22
12
$27. 31
15. 73
11.14
.74
.48
.02
2.18
1.09
.08
11. 58
3. 91
4.20
2.60
.87
$20. 74
12. 65
10.86
1.01
0
0
.49
.29
0
8.09
3.87
2.93
.82
.47
$27. 98
16. 21
12.41
.23
.35
0
2.50
.72
0
11. 77
3. 76
4. 73
2. 39
.89
$25. 56
14. 57
9.98
.52
.17
0
2. 57
1.23
. 10
10.99
3.38
3. 76
3.06
.79
$34. 22
19.18
10.79
1.70
1. 56
. 11
2. 54
2. 21
.27
15.04
4.94
4.99
3.82
1.29
7.14
3. 77
6. 33
8.08
15.17
43
53
22
63
3
2
1
1
14
11
110
40
7
14
7
7
3
12
2
0
0
0
0
0
18
10
0
0
16
24
8
16
1
1
0
0
6
8
39
13
3
2
17
13
7
22
0
0
0
0
4
1
30
11
2
8
3
9
4
13
0
1
1
1
4
2
23
6
2
4
$51. 79
$33. 63
$56.39
$46. 60
$66. 70
2. 51
4. 58
12. 77
6. 03
.01
.06
.01
. 12
3. 66
2. 09
8.02
4.08
.07
1.89
5. 89
4. 36
2. 56
4. 87
7.54
.03
0
0
0
0
0
8.84
5. 34
0
0
.09
2.19
5. 56
10.06
3. 89
.02
.15
0
0
3.24
4. 75
7.58
3. 85
.08
1. 62
13.40
3. 34
5. 53
12. 32
5.41
0
0
0
0
2.95
.10
7. 51
4.41
.08
3.43
1. 52
.31
3.23
24. 97
9. 36
0
.05
.04
.60
8. 58
2.03
8.78
2.95
.10
1.83
3.87
13. 55
6.11
12. 77
14.72
29. 57
55
M e d i c a l C are E x p e n d it u r e s
Number of families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: Home __ _ __________
Office.. _ _____________
Specialist and other practitioner__ ____________
D entist________________________ ___________
Clinic________________ _______ _
________
Nurse: In home: Private
_______ ________
Visiting __ __ ____________
In hospital______ __ _______ _______ _
Hospital: Private room
___
_______ _
Bed in ward________ _________ _
Medicine and drugs_____ _______
_________
Eyeglasses______________ _. ________________
Medical appliances______ ___________________
Accident and health insurance__ _____________
Average expenditure per family for medical care,
total________________________________________
Services of—
General practitioner: Home. .. __ _________
Office__________________
Specialist and other practitioner. . __________
D e n tis t_____________ ____________________
Clinic__________ _______
________________
Nurse: In home: Private ___________________
Visiting____________________
In hospital___________________________
Hospital: Private r o o m _____________________
Bed in ward_______________________
Medicine and drugs_____________________ ______
Eyeglasses_________
____ _ _ _ ___ ____
Medical appliances._ __ ________ __ _____
Accident and health insurance_________ _____ .
Other medical care____________________ ________
Average expenditure per person for medical care,
total
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
358
T able
WORTH ATLANTIC REGION
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
PH IL A D EL PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700 and
$400
$600
$500
$700
over
P e r s o n a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
498
Families in survey _________ _ __ ______
Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
482
Haircuts---- ------- --------- ----------140
Shaves by barber--- -- _ ----------- —
95
S h a m p o o s ...___ . . . ------. . . -------28
Manicures________ . . . ---------------132
Permanent w aves_____
____. . . _.
160
Other w aves... . . . ------- ---------8
Other personal care services_______ . . .
Toilet articles and preparations:
485
Toilet soap. . . . __ ______ . . . -----473
Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes---379
Cosmetic and toilet preparations_______
348
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles____
Av. expend, per family for personal care,total. $33. 02
18. 07
Personal care services, total__________ . . .
Haircuts.
________________ ______ 11.19
1.88
Shaves by barber.__ . . . . . . __ . . . _.
1.15
S h a m p o o s ...----. ----------.32
Manicures ______ _____ . . . ----- -- _.
1. 36
Permanent waves______ ______ . . . __
2.05
Other waves_ _____ ________ ____ ._
_
.12
Other personal care services____ . . . .
14.95
Toilet articles and preparations, total____
5.53
Toilet soap__________ _ ____________
Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes_____
5.03
Cosmetic and toilet preparations_____ _
2.68
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles.. .. _
1.71
Av. expend, per person for personal care, total.
8.18
108
96
82
70
60
82
103
20
4
2
12
9
0
95
18
7
1
22
19
0
78
19
20
3
21
29
1
66
26
17
7
18
39
3
58
25
14
9
28
23
1
82
32
33
6
31
41
3
106
94
81
66
59
79
97
91
66
79
58
82
59
62
72
66
53
67
____ 63_ ____ 68_ ____ 58_ ____ 51_ ____ 46_ _____ 62
$27. 45 $27.85 $33. 66 $37. 51 $37. 21 " $38.87
14. 46
22. 23
12. 49
17.51
22. 70
23.29
11. 06
11.87
10. 75
11.03
11.40
11. 34
.60
1. 24
3.13
1.13
4. 09
2. 40
.13
1.31
.29
1.45
1. 25
2.98
.12
.65
.02
. 13
.66
.60
.45
1. 02
1.45
1. 39
2.73
1.83
.44
.94
2.16
3. 25
2. 53
4. 00
.63
0
0
.05
.04
.14
14. 96
16.15
15. 28
13. 39
14.51
15. 58
4. 65
6.83
5.76
5.67
4.65
4.82
4.54
5. 89
4. 27
5. 50
4. 61
5. 66
2.12
3. 21
2.84
1.85
3.37
3. 25
1.53
1.47
1.51
2.14
1.88
1.85
4.58
8. 52
11. 43
6.42
12.16
15. 25
M e d ic a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: H om e.. . _ _ _ _
223
Office________
268
Specialist and other practitioner _____
77
D entist— _________ _ _____
_
256
Clinic_________________ ______ _____
51
Nurse: In home: Private. __ _____
2
Visiting___ ______ _
1
In hospital___. . . _________ _ _
4
Hospital: Private room_____ _ ______
27
Bed in ward___ _ . . . ____
43
Medicine and drugs___ . . .
_ ______
403
Eyeglasses____ ________ _ . . . . . . _____
106
Medical appliances________ ______ _ . . .
27
Accident and health insurance____ _____
72
Av. expend, per family for medical care, total. $51. 66
Services of—
General practitioner: H om e.. _______
7.94
Office_________ __
7. 48
Specialist and other practitioner______
6. 58
D entist— _______ ______________ _
8. 41
Clinic____ ________ _________________
.61
Nurse: In home: Private______________
.05
Visiting___ ________ 0)
In hospital____________ ____ .
.08
Hospital: Private room.__ . . . ________
3. 03
Bed in ward_______ _
__ _
3. 20
Medicine and drugs___ ___________ _____
8. 39
E yeglasses______________
______ _
2. 93
Medical appliances________ _ ________ _
.22
Accident and health insurance___________
2. 20
Other medical care___ . . . _____ . . .
.54
Av. expend, per person for medical care, total. _ 12. 79
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
43
47
8
44
14
0
0
0
1
11
89
16
7
13
$28.96
50
54
11
46
9
0
0
2
4
12
76
14
5
7
$38.12
31
40
13
42
16
0
1
0
6
6
61
19
5
10
$56. 42
38
40
14
35
3
0
0
0
4
6
56
16
3
10
$59. 68
28
38
17
44
4
1
0
1
5
3
55
18
4
16
$64. 05
33
49
14
45
5
1
0
1
7
5
66
23
3
16
$76. 64
4. 62
4.29
1.55
5. 60
.31
0
0
0
. 18
3. 77
5.81
1. 26
. 15
1.12
.30
4.83
8.13
4. 56
2.50
6. 54
.69
0
0
.24
1. 43
3. 58
7. 09
1.98
.05
.91
.42
8. 78
9.19
7. 00
8. 24
9. 44
1.85
0
.01
0
2. 23
3. 48
8. 67
3.23
.69
1. 58
.81
14.30
10.43
7.18
12. 93
6. 27
.17
0
0
0
2.23
3.10
10. 59
3.31
.03
3.07
.37
18.19
6. 87
8. 75
7. 42
11.75
.25
.23
0
.21
7. 45
1.71
9. 82
4.12
.25
4.61
.61
20.94
9.51
14.90
10. 30
12. 64
.29
. 15
0
.06
6. 90
2.90
10.09
4. 73
. 16
3. 25
.76
30.08
359
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S
Item
All fami
lies
E conom ic le v e l—Fam ilies
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
P e r s o n a l C are E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey.__ ______ _______ ___________________
Number of families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts____ __ . . . __ ___ _______________ _________
Shaves by barber____ ________ ________ _____ ______
Shampoos______________________
_______
___ __
______ _ ______ __ .. _ _
Manicures.. ________
Permanent w aves_________ _______ . . . . . . ______ __ .
Other waves____ ______ ____ . . . __ _ ______ _____ _____
________
Other personal care services_______ __ . . .
Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap__________________________________________
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth washes.________ _ __
Cosmetic and toilet preparations_____ :__________ . . . . . .
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles___ _____
Average expenditure per family for personal care, total_______
Personal care services, total_________________________ _
Haircuts_____________________________________________
Shaves by barber____
______ _ _ _ _ ______ ______
Shampoos_____________________ __________________
Manicures_ _ . . . . . ____________ _______________
_
Permanent w aves____
_______ _____ ____ _ _ _______
Other waves___ . . . _________ ______ . . . ________ . . .
Other personal care services____ ________ _____ . . . _____
Toilet articles and preparations, total_____ . . . _______
Toilet soap_____ __________ __ _____ ___ ____ __ _
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth washes_____ . . . . . . _
Cosmetic and toilet preparations_________ . ._ ..
___
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles__________
Average expenditure per person for personal care, total______
101
55
31
15
99
13
34
0
0
5
26
55
5
14
0
0
4
8
30
6
10
0
0
0
8
14
2
10
0
0
1
10
96
87
69
63
$24.83
13. 73
8. 71
.82
2.10
0
0
.28
1.82
11.10
4. 33
3. 80
1.99
.98
6. 60
53
47
37
31
$23. 56
12. 42
9.12
.63
1. 39
0
0
.32
.96
11.14
4. 75
3.68
1.87
.84
4. 80
30
27
19
22
$25. 32
13. 92
7. 99
1.28
2. 38
0
0
0
2. 27
11.40
4.00
4. 20
2. 03
1.17
9. 94
13
13
13
10
$28. 45
18.11
8. 70
.56
4.15
0
0
.70
4.00
10. 34
3.47
3. 43
2. 36
1. 08
13. 93
37
49
4
13
17
0
1
0
2
6
86
13
8
9
$33.16
21
26
1
8
12
0
1
0
1
4
47
8
1
2
$26. 71
11
13
1
5
2
0
0
0
0
2
27
4
4
6
$39.97
5
10
2
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
12
1
3
1
$42. 51
8.18
7.80
.42
.51
.62
0
. 15
0
.32
1. 32
9.76
1.07
.27
2.02
.72
8. 82
4. 83
8. 21
.26
.31
1.00
0
.27
0
. 11
.57
9.18
1. 22
.02
.60
.13
5.42
10.28
5. 89
.23
1. 06
.17
0
0
0
0
3.28
10. 93
1.15
.44
4. 53
2.01
15.69
16.11
10. 24
1.40
0
. 16
0
0
0
1.71
0
9.48
.39
.80
2.03
.19
20.85
M e d ic a l C are E x p e n d it u r e s
Number of families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: H o m e.. __ _ _ _____
___ . . . _
_. _____
. . . ___
Office____
Specialist and other practitioner._ ______. . . ____ _
D entist--------------------- ----------------------------Clinic_____________ _____ _
_____________________ ..
Nurse: In home: P r iv a te ._______ ____ _______ ______
V isiting___ _ _ ______ _______ ______
In hospital______________ . . . __
___ _ __
Hospital: Private room___ _____ ______ __________ . . .
Bed in ward___ ____ _ _ __ __ . . . _____ _
Medicine and d ru g s... ._ . . . _____
_ __ _ . . . .. _____
Eyeglasses __ ____. . . __ ___________ _ _ _______ _ _
Medical appliances____
_. _____
_______
....
Accident and health insurance ____ ______
Average expenditure per family for medical care, total___ . . .
Services of—
General practitioner: Hom e____ _________ __ _________
O ffice____ ___ _ . . . ____
_______
Specialist and other practitioner. ____________
D entist___ _____________________ ______ ______
Clinic._
_ _ ________ _____ _ ____ ___ _____
Nurse: In home: Private______ ______ _ _ ____ . . .
V isiting______ . . . _ ________ ______ _
In hospital___ _________ __ __ __________
Hospital: Private room___ _ ________________ ____
Bed in ward___ ________
_ ____ ______
Medicine and drugs___ _____ _________ _________ _
Eyeglasses____________ ______ _______________________
Medical appliances___ __________________ __
_ ... ...
Accident and health insurance___ . . . __________ __ _____
Other medical care______________________________________
Average expenditure per person for medical care, total._ _ _ _
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
5 3 9 5 9 ° — 3 9 -----2 4
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
360
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
$500 to
$600
346
75
76
65
54
38
38
325
21
8
5
131
71
2
69
8
0
0
14
4
0
70
2
1
0
36
16
0
60
3
2
2
27
11
0
52
1
2
0
19
11
0
38
3
1
2
19
15
1
36
4
2
1
16
14
1
342
321
273
176
74
64
57
40
75
70
69
40
65
63
44
31
54
53
39
24
37
36
32
20
37
35
32
21
Av. expend, per family for personal care, total. $26. 38
Personal care services, total---------------- 12. 78
9. 37
Haircuts. ___ . . . . . . . . . . ------ -Shaves by barber ..............
_. ----.29
.14
Shampoos. __ -------------------------Manicures_____ __
. . . . --.26
1. 67
Permanent waves --------------------Other w aves.------- --- -------------1.00
Other personal care services ---- . . .
.05
Toilet articles and preparations, total. _ _ 13.60
5. 85
Toilet soap .. .
. --------- . . . . . . Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes... .
4.46
Cosmetic and toilet preparations. _ ___ _
2. 53
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles.
.76
Av. expend, per person for personal care, total.
6. 65
$24.46
10. 98
9.45
.68
0
0
.71
.14
0
13.48
6.98
3.98
1.90
.62
4.08
$26. 75
12. 71
9. 79
.09
0)
0
1.93
.90
0
14.04
6.15
4.26
2. 52
1.11
6. 07
$26. 25
12. 45
8. 89
.24
.20
.95
1. 49
.68
0
13.80
5.82
4. 75
2. 59
.64
7.29
$25.04
12.54
9. 51
.11
.28
0
1. 74
.90
0
12.50
4. 79
4.99
2.00
.72
7.96
$29. 74
15. 56
9. 71
.29
.20
.28
2.33
2.66
.09
14.18
5. 27
4.31
3.80
.80
10.54
$27.92
14.29
8. 61
.23
.37
.41
2. 34
1.97
.36
13.63
5.15
4. 71
3.20
.57
12.97
143
163
74
175
15
2
0
1
25
17
284
73
15
32
32
34
16
34
6
0
0
0
1
8
65
13
0
6
34
34
12
38
3
0
0
0
2
0
66
17
5
12
25
39
11
35
1
2
0
0
5
2
53
13
1
5
25
23
17
26
2
0
0
0
8
6
45
14
3
2
14
17
10
22
1
0
0
0
6
1
25
6
3
4
13
16
8
20
2
0
0
1
3
0
30
10
3
3
Av. expend, per family for medical care, total. $60. 35
Services of—
General practitioner: Hom e_____. . . ..
10.04
Office. . . .
. __
7.17
Specialist and other practitioner. _ ____ 10.90
D entist _______
. . . __ _. _ __
8.88
Clinic . . .
___
____ _
.25
Nurse: In home: Private. . _____ ___
.20
Visiting . . . __ _
0
In hospital. _________ . . . _.
.17
Hospital: Private room________
__ _.
5.10
2. 44
Bed in ward _ . ___ ______
Medicine and d r u g s .____ _ ___ . . . .
9.11
Eyeglasses ________ _
3. 22
Medical appliances_________________ _ _
. 12
Accident and health insurance____ _
._
1. 71
1.04
Other medical care._ __ . . . __________ _
Av. expend, per person for medical care, total. 15.22
$47. 20
$46.30
$50. 53
$94. 24
$73. 76
$69.99
11.26
4. 06
7.15
8.07
.72
0
0
0
.76
1.88
8.11
2. 85
0
2. 08
.26
7. 97
12.10
5. 76
6.54
8.29
.12
0
0
0
.76
0
7.43
3.21
.08
1. 47
.54
10. 51
7.12
7.06
7. 57
9.62
.07
1.05
0
0
4.05
.33
7. 38
3. 33
.09
2. 62
.24
14.06
13.98
7.99
22.82
8.17
.16
0
0
0
15. 76
12. 21
7. 02
3. 55
.06
.48
2.04
29. 96
6. 64
11.12
16.02
10.29
.01
0
0
0
10.59
.63
11.69
2. 37
.22
1.47
2. 71
26.13
6.34
11. 25
10. 61
10. 25
.22
0
0
1.58
3.48
0
17.82
4.15
.51
1. 89
1.89
32. 51
$600 to $700 and
$700
over
P e r so n a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey. ___. . . ------ -------Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts. --------- ------- -- ---------Shaves by barber------ -------------Shampoos. -------- --------- ------- -----Manicures__________ _ . . . --------- Permanent waves. _____
_
_ ...
Other waves—
------------------- . . .
Other personal care services ----- ----Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap____________ . . . -------- -Tooth powder, paste, moutn washes____
Cosmetic and toilet preparations ---Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles--- -
M e d ic a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: H o m e ... . . . . . .
Office. ---------Specialist and other practitioner______
D e n tis t---- ----- --------- -- . --- -Clinic ______ ._ . . . ------ . . . . .
Nurse: In home: Private. ______ ______
Visiting_________ _
In hospital. ________ ________
Hospital: Private room_____ _______
.. . . . .
Bed in ward______
Medicine and drugs. ______ ________ _ _
Eyeglasses. _______ . . . __________ ____
Medical appliances.._____ ____ . . . . ___
Accident and health insurance___ . . . _ .
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
361
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
All
fami
lies
Portland, Maine—White
families
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
97
49
35
13
96
5
15
1
0
13
4
49
1
3
0
0
4
2
34
4
8
1
0
5
1
97
89
81
56
49
43
36
25
35
34
33
21
All
fami
lies
E c o n o m ic le v e l —
Families spending
per e x p e n d itu r e
unit per year
$600
and
over
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
153
66
50
37
13
0
4
0
0
4
1
141
6
4
1
69
37
4
62
1
0
0
25
9
2
46
1
1
0
28
18
1
33
4
3
1
16
10
1
13
12
12
10
146
144
140
147
63
59
59
65
49
49
46
47
34
36
35
35
$31.28 $25. 57 $33.03
15.03 11.25 16.20
9.44 10.73
10.50
.35
.04
.31
.31
0
.11
0
0
.01
2.19
1.15
2.75
1. 60
.56
2. 28
.02
.06
.07
16. 25 14. 32 16.83
4.84
4.82
4.68
4. 39
3.49
4.53
3.44
3. 70
2.66
3. 33
4.04
3.48
4.99
9.45
7.83
$39.12
20.19
12.06
.96
1.14
.05
3.28
2.54
.16
18.93
4. 21
5.81
5.91
3.00
14. 72
P e r s o n a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey____________ __________
Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts....................................................
Shaves by barber____________________
Shampoos.......... ........ ........ ............ ........
Manicures__________________________
Permanent waves___________________
Other waves____________ __________
Other personal care ser v ic e s_________
Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap___________ _________ _____
Tooth powder, paste, mouth washes___
Cosmetic and toilet preparations______
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles---
Av. expend, per family for personal care, total. $23.12 $19.90 $26. 60 $25.86
Personal care services, total______ ______ 10. 56
9.14 12. 38 11. 09
Haircuts____________________________
8.24
8. 43
8. 35
8. 08
Shaves by barber_________________ __
.28
.08
.68
0
Shampoos_______ _ ___ _ __________
1. 27
.22
2.48
1.99
Manicures____________________ __ __
.04
0
.10
0
Permanent waves___________________
0
0
0
0
Other waves___ _ _ ___ _________ _
.54
.41
.59
.71
Other personal care ser v ic e s___ _____
. 19
.04
.17
.28
Toilet articles and preparations, total___ 12. 56 10. 76 14. 22 14.77
Toilet soap_____ ____ ____ _______
4.40
4.14
4.95
3.87
Tooth powder, paste, moutn washes_
_
3. 78
3. 63
4.20
3.17
Cosmetic and toilet preparations ____
3. 74
2. 48
4.40
6.68
Brushes, razor blades, toilet articles___
.64
.51
1. 05
.67
Av. expend, per person for persona] care, totaL
7. 33
5.00 11.08 12.43
M e d i c a l C a re E x p e n d it u r e s
Families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: Home__________
Office__________
Specialist and other practitioner..........
D entist_____________ ______________
Clinic___________
_____________
Nurse: In home: Private____________
V isiting____________
In hospital____ ______________
Hospital: Private room. ____________
Bed in ward ________ _ __
Medicine and drugs.__ ________________
E y eg la sses_____ ___________________
Medical appliances________ _ ________
Accident and health insurance ________
42
35
10
21
6
0
0
0
1
9
90
16
9
13
24
12
4
8
3
0
0
0
0
3
47
8
4
6
14
14
1
10
1
0
0
0
1
3
32
8
4
5
4
9
5
3
2
0
0
0
0
3
11
0
1
2
Av. expend, per family for medical care, total. $37.65 $26.11 $43.93 $64.03
Services of—
General practitioner: Home__________
7.94
5. 72 12.78
3.28
Office__________
3. 42
2.98
2.21
8. 35
Specialist and other practitioner______
5.36
1.77
2.90 25. 52
D entist___________. . . ______ ____ _
2. 02
1.14
3.05
2. 53
Clinic. . _______ _ _ _ _ _ _ ________
. 11
.10
.09
.24
Nurse: In home: Private____________
0
0
0
0
Visiting____ ___ __
0
0
0
0
In hospital _____ _____________
0
0
0
0
Hospital: Private room ______________
.44
1. 21
0
0
Bed in ward_______________
5.26
1.86
5.85 16. 52
Medicine and drugs_______ ________
7.44
6.71
9.38
4.94
Eyeglasses____ ________ ________ ____ _
2. 65
3.40
2.58
0
Medical appliances ____________________
.OS
.08
.08
.04
Accident and health insurance__________
2. 75
2. 35
2. 61
3.35
Other medical care______ _
___ _
_
.18
0
.45
0
Av. expend, per person for medical care, total. 11.93
6.55 18. 30 30.68
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
73
42
29
65
16
2
1
0
16
13
133
29
9
36
32
11
11
28
13
0
0
0
8
7
57
8
4
13
25
17
9
19
2
1
0
0
4
5
44
10
2
12
16
14
9
18
1
1
1
0
4
1
32
11
3
11
$58. 44 $41.16 $66.98
$77.71
16.24
2.24
13.88
6.08
.29
.24
0
0
4.12
6.67
9.83
1.45
.02
4.46
1.46
19.16
5.84
3.97
15. 68
10.05
.35
1.14
.14
0
9.59
1.08
13.26
5. 32
.34
9. 56
1.39
29. 23
9.00
2. 24
10.95
7.13
.27
.35
.03
0
5.28
3.96
9. 53
2.29
. 12
6.10
1.19
14.63
5.29
1.27
6.08
6. 29
.22
0
0
0
3. 75
3. 52
7.20
1. 23
.06
5. 39
.86
8.04
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
362
T able
14.— P e r so n a l care exp en d itu res an d m ed ical care ex p en d itu res, by econ om ic
level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Rochester, N . Y.
Economic l e v e l —
Families s p e n d
ing per expendi
All
ture unit per year
fami
$600
lies
Under $400
and
to
$400
over
$600
Item
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—Families
spending per expendi
ture unit per year
All
fami
lies
Under! $300 i $400
to
to
$300
$400 1 $600
$600
and
over
P e r s o n a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey-----------------Families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts------ -----------------Shaves by barber. ......................
Shampoos......................................
Manicures___________________
Permanent w aves_____________
Other waves--------------------Other personal care services — _
Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap. _
-----Tooth powder, paste, mouth wash.
Cosmetic and toilet preparations.
Brushes, razor blades, and other
301
95
115
91
231
38
58
95
40
293
17
43
6
106
143
7
92
3
6
1
29
33
1
113
8
17
1
40
63
1
88
6
20
4
37
47
5
219
9
5
7
58
32
1
35
2
0
1
5
3
0
53
0
1
1
8
2
0
91
5
1
2
34
15
1
40
2
3
3
11
12
0
301
286
275
95
88
87
115
110
109
91
88
79
196
205
150
28
31
9
50
54
39
83
85
78
35
35
24
277
82
108
87
96
20
25
39
12
d ll l l b l v o ---------------------- ------------------
Average expenditure per family for $29. 38 $26. 52 $28. 49 $33. 49
personal care, total. __________
14.96 13. 25 13.99 17.96
Personal care services, total ---------------8.70
8. 86
9.19 10. 08
.08
.61
.74
Haircuts ------------------------------------------------------.48
.78
.78
1. 42
Shaves by barber----------------------------------.16
Shampoos ---------- ----------------------------------------.08
.08
.01
.17
1.54
Manicures.. -----------------------------------------1. 77
1.27
2.57
Permanent w aves_____________
2. 33
2. 43
1. 35
3. 70
.02
Other waves. _ ---------------.23
.23
.50
Other personal care services____ 14. 42 13. 27 14. 50 15. 53
Toilet articles and preparations, tot.
4. 61
4. 69
4. 30
5.16
3.84
Toilet soap. _ ___ _ . . . . . .
3. 87
3. 73
3.96
Tooth powder, paste, mouth wash.
3. 70
2. 79
3. 75
4.58
Cosmetic and toilet preparations.
Brushes, razor blades, and other
2.19
2.41
2. 69
1.45
toilet articles.__ __ . . .
Average expenditure per person for
8.79 14.12
8. 66
5. 82
P c l o U l l d l C ell Of bU b e ll_______
_
$25. 54 $22. 77 $23. 68 $26. 91 $27. 52
14. 20 14. 04 12. 50 14.81 15.32
11.92 12.89 11. 76 11.79 11.54
.26
.26
0
.36
.37
.02
.34
.09
.10
0
.32
.04
.03
.08
.10
.42
1. 22
1.06
.55
1.55
.44
1. 53
.75
.05
.97
.02
0
.04
0
0
8. 73 11.18 12.10 12.20
11.34
4. 87
4.58
3. 85
4.90
4. 56
2. 61
3. 56
3. 50
3.89
3. 58
2. 69
1.29
1.92
3.18
2.47
.79
.98
.47
.78
1.08
6.81
4.17
5. 53
8.19
11.22
107
93
29
105
6
1
4
2
21
6
158
52
6
8
13
13
4
9
0
0
1
0
0
3
28
10
1
1
31
16
4
31
2
0
1
1
6
1
44
12
0
0
45
40
16
44
2
1
2
0
12
1
59
16
3
5
18
24
5
21
2
0
0
1
3
1
27
14
2
2
------
M e d i c a l C a re E x p e n d itu r e s
Families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: H om e.. __
Office____
Specialist and other practitioner.
-----------D entist.. _ ___ . .
Clinic.
_ _ . . . ___ . .
Nurse: In home: P r iv a te .___ __
V isiting______
In hospital______ . . . . .
Hospital: Private room_______
Bed in ward_______ __
Medicine and drugs . . . _ _ . . .
Eyeglasses._ . . .
...
_ __
Medical a pp liances___ . . . _____
Accident and health insurance___
113
143
49
173
19
6
0
2
11
11
244
76
15
114
31
28
7
49
9
0
0
0
1
6
74
22
6
21
53
60
19
71
7
2
0
1
4
5
95
29
6
54
29
55
23
53
3
4
0
1
6
0
75
25
3
39
Average expenditure per family for
medical care, total_____________ $53. 90 $39. 31 $54. 74 $68.02 $52. 76 $27. 69 $37. 73 $65. 47 $68. 25
Services of—
8.88 12. 80 10. 49
General practitioner: Home---6.23
7. 07
5. 62
6.11
10. 38
6. 52
2. 62
2. 87
6. 63
6. 04
Office____
4.93
7. 07
2. 76
6.47 12. 33
2. 98
8. 03
Specialist and other practitioner.
2.31 10. 63
8.12 10. 93
6. 83
8. 40
6.31
9. 91 13. 34 14.11
11. 34
5. 63
D en tist... _ . . .
_ _ _ _ _ _
__
8. 22 13. 87 12. 46
11. 66
.17
.08
.33
.32
.13
0
C lin ic. .
__
_ . ...
_ _ _
.28
.44
.06
.14
.36
0
.84
1.41
0
0
Nurse: In home: Private
.75
0
Visiting___ __
.12
.04
.27
.13
0
0
0
0
0
.42
.14
0
.29
0
In hospital_____________
.48
.38
1.10
0
3.34
5.03
7.27
6.96
Hospital: Private room
...
0
2.05
.45
1.70
4.16
.17
2. 37
.27
.07
Bed in ward___ __
1.28
0
.50
2.27
1.24
8. 84 12.98
8.14
6. 46
3. 83
Medicine and drugs_____________
6.79
4.91
7. 58
7. 75
2.59
3. 02
6.17
3.32
3. 38
3.00
Eyeglasses____ __ . . . . . . . . . .
3. 49
3.97
3. 57
. 12
.03
.04
.01
0
Medical appliances . . .
_______
.10
.03
.07
.06
2.08
1.14
.48
1.71
Accident and health insurance___
4. 31
2.14
7.02
0
3. 95
Other medical care . . . ____ __ _____
.62
.06
.19
.99
.35
1.11
.53
1.00
1.23
Average expenditure per person for
14.08
8.81 19.93 I 29.80
15. 87
8. 62 16.90 28. 68
5.07
medical care, total.
___
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
363
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
All
families
E conomic level—F a m i 1 i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
P e r s o n a l C are E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey___________________________ __________
Number of families spending for personal care:
Personal care services:
Haircuts___________ ___ ___ _ _______________
Shaves by barber. _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ______ ____ _
Shampoos __ _ ______ _ ___ _ __________ _________
Manicures.. ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _________ _ _ __ __ _
Permanent w aves_ _ _ ___________ ___ __ __ ______
_
Other waves____ _______ _ _ _ ______ _____ _
Other personal care services___ _____ ____ _____
___
Toilet articles and preparations:
Toilet soap_ ______ _____
_ _ __ _ ______________ _
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth washes. ___________
Cosmetic and toilet preparations. ___ ___
____ ___ _
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles. ____ _ __
248
81
99
68
239
11
11
8
82
87
0
80
3
1
1
21
24
0
98
7
5
5
35
41
0
61
1
5
2
26
22
0
226
231
182
147
71
71
57
43
90
93
77
65
65
67
48
39
Average expenditure per family for personal care, total_____ _
Personal care services, t o t a l____
_________ _________
Haircuts_
_ _____ _ ___ _ __ ___ ______ ____
____
Shaves by barber._
_______
______________________
Shampoos.. __ ___ __ ____ _____ ___ ________ _ _
Manicures____________ _ __ __ __ __ _________
_ _
Permanent w aves_______ __ _______ _______ _ ___ __
Other w aves... ___ _______ _
__ ________ _____ ______
Other personal care services___ ______ _
_ __ ___ _
Toilet articles and preparations, total_________ ____ _
__
Toilet soap
_ ______ __________ ______ ________ _
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth washes_______ _ _ __
Cosmetics and toilet preparations___ ___ __________ _
Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles. _ ________
Average expenditure per person for personal care, total_______
$29. 32
16. 74
11.82
.48
.33
.17
1. 65
2.29
0
12. 58
4.16
4.05
2.95
1.42
7. 83
$25. 37
13. 76
10.81
.53
(0
(0
.98
1.44
0
11.61
4.20
4. 02
1.94
1.45
4. 94
$30. 99
18. 87
12. 70
.71
.39
.22
2. 03
2.82
0
12.12
3. 91
3. 74
3.16
1.31
8.99
$31. 56
17.17
11. 74
.09
.63
.28
1.91
2. 52
0
14. 39
4. 46
. 4.56
3.83
1.54
12. 56
101
83
46
126
4
4
1
1
19
8
201
64
22
57
38
27
16
33
3
0
0
1
7
4
66
25
6
12
42
35
15
55
0
4
0
0
6
3
84
21
9
27
21
21
15
38
1
0
1
0
6
1
51
18
7
18
$59. 45
$43. 35
$58. 64
$79. 75
6.81
4. 97
9.13
9.16
.04
.40
.63
.06
3. 68
1.65
12.41
4. 01
.17
5. 30
1.03
15.87
6. 31
3.62
6. 99
4. 70
.02
0
0
.20
2. 48
2.43
7. 30
4. 91
.25
3. 34
.80
8. 43
7.88
3.61
8. 62
11. 54
0
1.00
0
0
3.28
1.19
11. 37
3. 50
.11
5. 59
.95
17. 02
5. 83
8. 54
12. 43
11.01
.11
0
2.30
0
5. 68
1.37
20. 03
3. 68
. 16
7. 20
1.41
31.72
M e d i c a l C are E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for medical care:
Services of—
General practitioner: Home___ _ __ __ __ _ _________
Office____ _ ____ ___________
Specialist and other practitioner._ _ ________ ____. . .
D entist___ _____________
_ ____________ _ __
C lin ic._ __ _____ ________ ____ ____________ _______
Nurse: In home: Private. __________ ______ _
.
Visiting__________
___________ ___
_ ______ . _ _ _______
In h o sp ita l___________
Hospital: Private room____
_______ ___ __ __ _ __
Bed in ward___ _ _ _____________ _____
Medicine and drugs ______ _______ _____________ _ _ __
E yeglasses___
____________ _______ _________ ____
Medical appliances ________ _________ __ ____________
Accident and health insurance_________ __________ ___ ___
Average expenditure per family for medical care, total. _ _ ___
Services of—
General practitioner: Hom e_____ _____ ________ _ _._
Office____________________________
Specialist and other practitioner_______ ____ ____ ______
D entist___ ________. . . ____ ____ _ _ _____ ____ _____
C lin ic..______ ____ ____ _ _ . . . ________ _____ _ __
Nurse: In home: Private
_ ______ _
__________ _
V is itin g __ _ __ ____ ___ _ ___ __
In hospital_______ _________ _____ _________
Hospital: Private r o o m ...______ . . . ___ . . . _____ . . .
Bed in ward____ _ ______ _______ ______ _
Medicine and drugs.. __________ ______ ______ __ . _
Eyeglasses___
______ _________________
___ _____
Medical appliances. _.. _ ________ _______ __ .
_._ ._
Accident and health insurance____ ______ ___ _ _____
Other medical care. . . . __ . . . . . . ________________ ._
Average expenditure per person for medical care, total.
_ __ 1
i Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 460.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
364
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level
BOSTON, M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to $700and
$400
$700
$500
$600
over
R ec r e a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
516
447
96
77
100
87
117
96
85
81
51
43
67
63
344
215
185
18
21
61
36
17
0
1
67
40
25
4
3
76
46
39
4
5
58
35
32
1
1
34
22
27
4
6
48
36
45
5
5
74
289
135
15
7
51
23
6
10
52
30
5
16
72
28
1
21
53
26
2
9
23
14
1
11
38
14
0
386
158
48
70
53
52
5
7
71
43
6
9
93
32
15
17
67
21
7
12
46
8
6
7
56
2
9
18
7
15
31
100
46
16
80
43
91
2
1
5
13
1
1
20
4
5
0
2
8
14
7
4
26
4
12
2
5
6
28
10
5
18
8
17
1
3
5
15
7
1
5
8
17
2
0
1
12
9
2
4
8
17
0
4
6
18
12
3
7
11
23
12
13
0
0
1
0
1
3
2
2
2
2
6
6
Average expenditure for recreation, total . . . $71. 56
Reading, total__________________________ 15. 22
Newspapers, street____________________
8. 22
5. 22
Newspapers, home delivery ______. . .
Magazines____ ________________ . . .
1. 51
Books purchased (not school texts)___
.15
Books borrowed from loan libraries.... __
.12
Tobacco, total__________________ _____ 27.13
Cigars. _ _________________ _ _______
2. 30
Cigarettes_____________ ______________
20. 72
Pipe tobacco _____________ ___________
3. 59
Other tobacco____________ ________ _
.52
Commercial entertainment, t o t a l . . ___ _
17.81
M ovies (adult admission)_____ . . . _ __
13.95
Fall_______________________________
3. 62
W inter.. _______ . . . . . .
3. 63
S p rin g____________________ _
3.50
S u m m e r ..__________ ___ ____
3.20
M ovies (child admission)_______ ______
2. 33
Fall_______________________________
.61
W inter. ____________ __________ _
.61
Spring______________ ______ _
.59
Summer.. ________________
.52
Plays and concerts ________ ___
.42
Spectator sports___ ________ ______ . . .
1.11
Recreational equipment, total. __ _ _
5. 75
M usical instruments ________________
.21
Sheet music, records, rolls_____________
.09
Radio purchase_______________________
2. 32
Radio upkeep _ _ _ _ _ _ ______
.92
Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
.22
Athletic equipment and supplies_______
.10
Children’s play equipment____________
.72
Pets (purchase and care)_____________
1.17
Recreational associations________________
1. 62
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks..............
.23
Out of home, except food and drinks___
.93
Other r e c r e a tio n - ____________________
2.87
$47. 77
11.53
6. 45
4.50
.58
0
0)
20.15
1.23
15. 77
2. 37
.78
9.84
5.98
1.61
1.56
1.50
1.31
3. 62
.94
.94
.92
.82
.07
.17
4.62
.04
.05
3.07
.40
.01
.01
.84
.20
.45
$54.78
12.84
7. 62
4.40
.69
.03
.10
21.12
2.08
13.84
3. 86
1.34
13.03
9.23
2. 43
2.43
2. 23
2.14
3.20
.88
.89
.81
.62
.23
.37
5. 55
0
.09
3.04
.81
.14
.15
1.00
.32
.87
$73. 75
15. 59
8. 32
5. 39
1. 72
.05
.11
30. 59
1.86
24. 25
4. 33
.15
18. 49
15.24
3.91
3.83
3. 97
3. 53
2.31
.60
.59
.60
.52
.39
.55
4.64
.21
.15
1.31
.93
.17
.13
.93
.81
1.01
$83.83
15. 92
9.16
5.24
1.50
.01
.01
36.06
4.59
27. 22
3. 83
.42
19. 78
16. 25
4. 32
4. 25
4.05
3. 63
1.99
.50
.50
.51
.48
.29
1.25
5. 31
.20
.06
1.28
1.16
.10
.13
.42
1. 96
1. 71
$85. 38
18.78
9.34
6. 05
2. 02
1.02
.35
24. 98
1.90
18.91
4. 04
. 13
22.83
19. 71
5.08
5. 27
4. 87
4. 49
1. 59
.42
.37
.39
.41
.76
.77
6. 22
1.24
0
.70
.86
.53
.08
.31
2.50
3.83
$100. 93
20. 05
9. 48
6. 52
3. 44
.27
.34
30. 43
2. 35
25. 08
3.00
0
28. 76
22. 80
5. 77
5.98
5. 72
5. 33
.20
.05
.05
.05
.05
1.14
4. 62
9. 83
0
. 19
4. 48
1. 59
.62
.10
.43
2.42
3. 68
0
0
1.18
.02
0
1. 35
.10
.72
2. 61
.15
2. 72
2.18
.39
.63
7. 72
1.06
1.95
5.17
Families in survey______ ________________
Number of families owning radios__________
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street___________________
Newspapers, home delivery
________
Magazines___________________________
Books purchased (hot school texts)____
Books borrowed from loan libraries,__ _
Tobacco:
Cigars_______________________________
Cigarettes____ _______ ______ __________
Pipe tobacco____ _____________________
Other tobacco.. ___________ ____ ____ _
Commercial entertainment:
M ovies (adult admission)________ _ __
M ovies (child admission)______________
Plays and concerts. _________________
Spectator sports______________________
Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments____ _____________
Sheet music, records, rolls_____________
Radio purchase______ ________________
Radio upkeep.. . ____________________
Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
Athletic equipment and supplies_______
Children’s play equipment____________
Pets (purchase and care)_ . ___________
Recreational associations__ _____________
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks_______
Out of home, except food and drinks___
i Less than 0.5 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
TABULAE SUMMARY
T able
365
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level- -Continued
B U FFA L O , N . Y.—W HITE FA M ILIE S
Item
AH
fami
lies
Economic level—Families spending per expend
iture unit per year
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to
$400
$500
$500 to
$600
$600 to $700and
$700
over
R ec r e a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey_______________ ______
N um ber of families owning radios..................
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street___________ _____ —_
Newspapers, home delivery __________
Magazines___ _____ ____ _ _________
Books purchased (not school texts)_____
Books borrowed from loan libraries_____
Tobacco:
Cigars_________________ ____ _________
Cigarettes.............. ........ ........................ .
Pipe tobacco...............................................
Other tobacco.. _________ __________
Commercial entertainment:
M ovies (adult admission) .......................
M ovies (child admission)..........................
Plays and concerts........ ...........................
Spectator sports................... .....................
Recreational equipment:
M usical instruments. ________________
Sheet music, records, rolls........... .............
Radio purchase_______________________
Radio upkeep___________ ____________
Cameras, films, photographic equipmentAthletic equipment and supplies_______
Children’s play equipment____________
Pets (purchase and care). ............ .........
Recreational associations..............................
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks_______
Out of home, except food and drinks____
450
359
51
40
82
60
104
87
85
69
54
49
74
54
147
392
207
10
12
21
40
7
0
0
29
70
29
0
1
39
86
45
3
3
27
78
46
2
2
7
51
35
3
4
24
67
45
2
2
91
289
126
38
5
33
16
6
12
54
21
8
17
65
29
9
21
56
24
6
14
35
18
1
22
46
18
8
381
143
29
106
39
34
1
6
70
39
2
12
90
37
10
21
71
18
8
26
47
10
3
17
64
5
5
24
9
15
33
123
76
35
108
72
114
1
3
3
9
4
3
12
1
8
2
3
3
18
10
4
22
8
15
3
4
10
29
14
7
34
11
21
1
2
8
26
19
6
22
16
19
0
2
5
15
14
8
14
14
19
2
1
4
26
15
7
4
22
32
15
7
1
0
1
0
0
1
3
1
2
2
8
3
Average expenditure for recreation, total____ $78. 96
Reading, total__________________________ 14.16
Newspapers, street___________________
2. 36
Newspapers, home delivery___________
9.82
Magazines __ _ ________. . .
_______
1.82
Books purchased (not school texts)___
.08
Books borrowed from loan libraries_____
.08
Tobacco, total_________________ ________ 31.86
Cigars------------------------ ----------4.33
Cigarettes____________________________ 23. 55
2. 76
Pipe tobacco. ____ ____________ ____
Other tobacco.............. ..............................
1. 22
Commercial entertainment, total________
16.90
Movies (adult admission)
__________
12. 77
Fall____ ___________________________
3. 40
W inter_____ _________________ ______
3.43
Spring_____________________________
3. 08
2. 86
Summer. ________ _______________
M ovies (child admission)______________
2.12
F all_______________________ ________
.56
W inter____________________________
.57
Spring_________________ ___________
.51
Summer_____ _ __________________
.48
Plays and concerts _________________
.27
Spectator s p o r ts _____________________
1.74
Recreational equipment, total.............. ......
9.14
Musical instruments _________________
.26
Sheet music, records, rolls. _ __________
.10
3. 92
Radio purchase.
__________________
Radio upkeep____
________________
1.14
Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
.54
Athletic equipment and supplies.. _____
.37
Children’s play equipment____________
1.46
Pets (purchase and care) _____________
1.35
Recreational associations________________
2.06
Entertaining:
.36
In home, except food and drinks_______
.14
Out of home, except food and drinks___
4. 34
Other recreation________________________
1 Less than, 0.5 cent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
$58.05
11. 96
3.20
8.09
.67
0
0
25.79
.63
19.95
3.86
1. 35
13.35
8.08
2. 21
2.20
1.88
1.79
4.58
1.24
1.26
1.06
1.02
.12
.57
5. 59
0)
.07
3.33
.57
.15
.16
1.22
.09
1.04
$67. 72
12. 36
2. 33
9.24
.74
0
.05
29. 69
2. 76
23. 33
2. 27
1.33
15. 65
11.14
3.08
3.17
2. 51
2.38
3. 62
.96
.96
.86
.84
.08
.81
4.66
.75
.10
.72
.59
.31
.28
1.40
.51
1.18
$72.00
12.90
2.58
8. 68
1.44
.08
.12
30.14
3.31
22.80
2. 45
1.58
15. 04
11.43
3.11
3.14
2.70
2.48
2.14
.56
.59
.53
.46
.43
1.04
9. 75
.25
.14
4.93
1.07
.24
.34
2.17
.61
1.06
$81. 78
14.53
1.99
10.32
1. 99
.15
.08
33. 53
5. 36
24. 26
2.87
1. 04
16.11
12.14
3. 30
3.31
2.93
2. 60
1.15
.31
.31
.28
.25
.35
2.47
10.60
.17
.10
4. 67
1.20
.91
.22
2.00
1. 33
1.50
$93. 39
16. 45
1.18
11.87
3.15
.09
.16
35.83
6. 25
26.46
2.83
.29
21.10
16. 95
4.32
4.45
4.29
3.89
1.15
.31
.29
.29
.26
.37
2. 63
13.77
0
.11
6.35
1.82
1.23
.70
1. 32
2.24
2.60
$101. 76
17. 31
2. 78
11.19
3.15
.14
.05
36.05
7.49
24. 36
2.80
1.40
21. 27
17. 42
4.42
4. 41
4. 37
4. 22
.56
.14
.14
.14
.14
.21
3.08
10.58
.20
.03
3.82
1. 66
.52
.59
.20
3. 56
5.38
.10
.12
0
4.06
.3 9
.08
5.04
.06
.17
3.41
1.48
.61
9.08
0
.22
0
.02
3.09
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
366
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M IL IE S
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
Av. expend, for recreation, total.. ..
Reading, total. _ _ __ ______
Newspapers, street. . .
...
Newspapers, home delivery___
Magazines. .
__ _ . . . _
Books purchased (not school texts)
Books borrowed from loan libr..
Tobacco, total _____ ____ _ _
Cigars.. _______ _ _______
Cigarettes______
Pipe tobacco_________________
Other tobacco._ . . . . . __
Commercial entertainment, total.
Movies (adult admission)
_ _
Fall_______________________
W inter.. _ _
_
...
S p rin g_________ _ ___ _
Summer.. . _
______
Movies (child admission)____
Fall_______________________
W inter. . . .
_____
Spring____
_______
_ _
Summer _ _ _______ _
Plays and concerts. _ _______
Spectator sports. _
___ _ ___
Recreational equipment, total___
Musical instruments __
Sheet music, records, rolls. _ __
Radio purchase__________ ___
Radio upkeep____ . _ ___
Cameras, films, and photo
graphic equipment_____ ____
Athletic equip, and supplies___
Children’s play equipment. __
Pets (purchase and care)______
Recreational associations________
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks.
Out of home, except fd. and drk_
Other recreation________________
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
153
93
66
24
46
33
30
25
11
11
151
127
75
56
46
41
30
30
78
143
62
7
4
24
58
16
0
0
23
44
19
6
1
24
30
21
1
3
7
11
6
0
0
17
143
81
15
7
2
70
36
12
2
7
44
22
1
1
8
29
23
2
4
13
77
48
26
0
32
22
14
7
20
14
8
3
17
10
2
3
8
2
2
24
88
38
30
7
39
23
17
9
26
6
11
8
23
9
2
101
34
9
41
32
23
7
16
35
8
1
15
25
3
1
8
9
0
0
2
115
33
6
49
54
23
0
19
33
9
1
17
28
1
5
13
4
7
16
26
11
3
31
21
21
2
2
4
13
4
1
7
7
6
2
3
7
5
3
2
14
5
6
0
2
5
5
3
0
7
5
3
0
0
0
3
1
0
3
4
6
4
8
16
43
11
17
49
48
41
3
6
6
16
5
5
37
23
12
0
1
7
14
2
6
11
17
17
1
1
3
13
4
6
1
8
12
13
2
1
0
4
1
6
1
2
0
8
9
1
3
1
1
6
5
$59. 70 $43. 24 $68. 03 $78. 96 $71. 66
11. 25
8. 69 11. 22 16.06 13. 64
2. 35
2. 61
2. 93
1.93
4.40
6. 74
6. 48
7.11
7. 95
5. 77
1. 69
2. 76
1.86
.99
3.67
.20
.29
.58
0
0
. 15
0
.10
0
.30
22. 27 17.89 23. 82 27. 00 29. 05
1. 54
1.29
6. 51
0
3.50
15. 85 12.80 17.16 20.20 16. 73
2. 28
2. 55
2.98
2.31
1. 72
2. 33
2.11
3.09
4. 09
.99
8. 89
10. 30
6.19 11. 58 18. 05
7. 67
9. 07 14. 66
7. 55
3. 58
2. 27
1. 86
.79
3. 62
1.89
.98
2.26
3. 87
1.84
1.99
1.93
.89
2.29
1.95
3.68
.92
2. 25
1.89
3. 49
1.87
1. 42
1.78
1.48
0
1.08
.44
.35
.36
0
.27
.46
.37
.36
.27
0
.37
.35
.43
.27
0
.45
.38
.36
0
.27
. 10
.01
0
.08
.20
2.11
1.34
1.13
.73
1. 02
10. 39
7. 88 13. 51 11.14 10.54
2. 58
0
0
1.39
.91
. 13
.03
.18
.34
0
5. 37
3. 36
8.81
6. 50
0
.74
.53
.81
.93
.70
$78. 21 $62. 26 $82. 33 $111. 83
16.20 14. 37 16.20
20. 80
.76
. 13
1.16
1.74
12. 40 11.70 12. 50
14. 01
2.31
1. 98
2. 05
3. 52
.53
.45
.42
.90
. 11
.20
.63
.07
27. 95 25. 82 27. 60
33.79
1.84
1.00
2. 47
2.95
21.02 18. 14 20. 68
28. 73
2. 38
3. 45
1.35
1.31
2. 71
3. 23
3.14
.76
12. 63
8. 95 13.10
21.16
9. 95
7. 27 10. 39
15. 97
2. 61
1.91
2.70
4.24
2. 67
2. 01
2. 71
4. 26
2. 41
1. 75
2. 53
3. 87
2. 26
1.60
2. 45
3. 60
1.12
.83
.74
.28
.23
.24
.07
.30
.24
.31
.24
.07
. 14
.19
.27
.07
. 17
.24
. 12
.07
.26
0
1. 22
.07
1. 59
.56
1. 90
3. 69
12. 98
9. 36 17. 64
14. 91
.08
. 15
0
.05
. 19
.20
. 17
.20
3. 66
9. 92
7.60
6. 35
.64
1. 00
1.08
1. 77
.12
.14
1.50
1.04
1.11
.14
.04
.54
.45
.52
.07
.41
2.12
.48
1. 04
.18
0
2. 24
1.07
.55
.11
0
2. 67
6. 83
6. 52
. 11
.57
2.20
2.48
4.48
. 10
.27
2. 84
1. 50
2.17
.04
.81
1.96
3. 66
6.14
.25
.97
.97
3.10
7. 70
.46
.19
.23
0
1.84
.31
.38
6.17
.87
.38
4.91
1.31
0
1. 71
.28
.37
3. 32
.11
.06
1.42
.11
.23
1.31
.96
1. 36
11.15
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
All
unit per year
fami
lies Under $400
$600
to
and
$400
$600
over
All
families Under
$300
R ec r e a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey____ _ _______
Number of families owning radios..
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street ______ _ __
Newspapers, home delivery___
Magazines ___________ . . .
Books purchased (not school texts)
Books borrowed from loan libr..
Tobacco:
Cigars...
.
. . . _______
Cigarettes______________ ___
Pipe tobacco_________________
Other tobacco. _ ___________
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission)____
Movies (child admission) __ __
Plays and con certs__________
Spectator sports______________
Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments
_______
Sheet music, records, rolls. _
Radio purchase. ____________
Radio upkeep.. _ . . . . . .
Cameras, films, photo, equip_
_
Athletic equip, and supplies___
Children’s play equipment. __
Pets (purchase and care). . _.
Recreational associations __ _ . . .
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks.
Out of home, except fd. and drk.
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
TABULAE SUMM ARY
T able
367
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W HITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
R ecrea tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey- _______ ______ ______________
Number of families owning radios________________
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street _ ___________________
Newspapers, home delivery— ___________ _
Magazines_____ _ _ _ _____ _ ___ ___ _
Books purchased (other than school t e x t s ) ____
Books borrowed from loan libraries__ _
_
Tobacco:
Cigars_________
____
_________________
Cigarettes _ _ _ _____ _____ __________
Pipe tobacco... _________________
____
Other tobacco____ _ _ _ ________ _____ ____
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission)________________ ___
Movies (child admission)______ __________
Plays and concerts_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Spectator sports. ___ _ __ _________ _
.
Recreational equipment:
_ — _ _ --- -Musical instruments_____
Sheet music, records, rolls __ ____ --------Radio purchase. _ _________________________
Radio upkeep ____________________________
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment-._
Athletic equipment and supplies______
____
Children’s play equipment
___ __ -------Pets (purchase and care)_ _____ _
_ ___
Recreational associations___ ______________ _
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks--------- -----Out of home, except food and d r in k s .---------Average expenditure for recreation, total _____ _
Reading, total____ _____ _ _ ________ _
___
Newspapers, street ______________ — ------Newspapers, home delivery _ __ __ ___ __
Magazines. _____ __________
_ ----- ----Books purchased (other than school texts)-----Books borrowed from loan libraries__ _
_ __
Tobacco, total____ _______ _
_______ ______
Cigars_______
___
. ________ _
Cigarettes --- _ __ - - --- ----Pipe tobacco__________ _ -----------------Other tobacco ___ _ _ ________ _____ —
Commercial entertainment, total ___ _
Movies (adult admission)— ___ __ ________
F all______________________________________
W inter______ _
_ ___________ _____
Spring . ____________ _ . _
_
Summer. _____ ___ ________________ ___ _
Movies (child admission)_ ___ ___ --------Fall______________________________________
Winter
________
________ ______
Spring._ _______________________________
S u m m e r .___
__________________________
Plays and concerts---------------------Spectator sports ___________________________
Recreational equipment, total
___
___ _ ___
Musical instruments..
____________________
Sheet music, records, rolls_ ______ _ ___ _
_
Radio purchase ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
__ ___
Radio upkeep____ ____ _
___ __ _ _
_
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment—.
Athletic equipment and supplies____________
Children’s play equipment
_ ___
Pets (purchase and care)___ ___ ___________
Recreational associations.—
_ _____ -_____
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks. _ ___________
Out of home, except food and d r in k s _________
Other recreation______________________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
146
85
25
12
51
26
41
26
29
21
95
66
60
5
1
14
13
3
0
0
32
22
25
1
0
26
19
17
3
1
23
12
15
1
0
26
90
66
9
1
15
13
1
7
33
24
4
11
24
19
4
7
18
10
0
107
26
11
34
12
6
0
3
37
13
4
11
32
6
5
14
26
1
2
6
3
9
17
32
24
8
18
15
31
1
0
4
5
2
1
2
0
3
1
3
4
8
6
3
5
2
13
1
5
5
11
8
2
11
6
11
0
1
4
8
8
2
0
7
4
7
2
0
0
1
1
1
1
5
0
$74. 55
14. 22
8.11
3.97
2.00
.06
.08
28.90
2. 51
21.35
4. 57
.47
16.73
14. 27
3. 67
3. 61
3. 56
3.43
1. 05
.26
.27
.27
.25
.23
1.18
10.04
.56
.16
6.40
.78
.29
.23
.48
1.14
2.61
$55. 64
10.15
5. 73
3.98
.44
0
0
24.00
.75
17. 56
4.93
.76
5. 53
4. 32
1.05
1.08
1.10
1.09
.80
.21
.21
.19
.19
0
.41
13. 38
1.04
0
11.36
.77
.07
.08
.06
0
1.36
$66.63
12.24
6. 57
3. 31
2. 30
.06
0
26. 62
1. 56
19. 35
5. 34
.37
17.84
14. 58
3. 61
3. 74
3. 70
3. 53
1.90
.47
.48
.49
.46
.17
1.19
6.36
1.06
.14
3.63
.57
.19
.29
.35
.13
2.24
$79. 66
14. 63
7. 47
4. 61
2.14
.13
.28
30.09
4.12
21. 58
3. 65
.74
18.88
16.90
4.28
4. 30
4. 26
4.06
.84
.20
.21
.23
.20
.36
.78
8.26
.04
.31
5.07
.74
.35
.16
1.22
.37
4.23
$97. 55
20.64
13. 75
4.24
2. 64
.01
0
35.47
3.44
27. 77
4. 26
0
21.34
18.60
5.16
4.58
4. 45
4. 41
.04
.01
.01
.01
.01
.33
2. 37
16.14
0
.15
8.86
1.20
.60
.34
0
4.99
2.06
.33
.06
1.66
0
0
1.22
.06
.10
1.17
.17
.09
3.31
1. 33
0
.57
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
368
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures , by economic level— C on tin u ed
PH IL A D E L P H IA , P A —W H IT E FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to $400 to $500 to $600 to
$400
$500
$600
$700
$700
and
over
R ec r e a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
498
Families in survey.................... .......................
380
Number of families owning radios.............. —
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street..................................... 220
352
Newspapers, home delivery-....................
183
Magazines__________________ _________
20
Books purchased (not school texts)______
21
Books borrowed from loan libraries.........
Tobacco:
Cigars.......................... ................................
94
323
Cigarettes____________________________
131
Pipe tobacco........... ........ ...... ....................
9
Other tobacco----------- ---------------Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult a d m is s io n ) ----- ------374
Movies (child admission)______________
174
62
Plays and concerts----------------- ----87
Spectator sports------------------------Recreational equipment:
7
Musical instruments ------------------31
Sheet music, records, rolls--------------30
Radio purchase-------------------------137
Radio upkeep--------------------------Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
59
Athletic equipment and su p p lies------20
76
Children’s play equipment-------------106
Pets (purchase and care)---------------Recreational associations. ___ -----------90
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks-------17
Out of home, except food and drinks___
4
Average expenditure for recreation, total___ $85.07
Reading, total__________________________ 14.70
Newspapers, street____________ .
4.22
Newspapers, home delivery ______
8.40
Magazines
. . . --- -------- ------. . .
1.60
Books purchased (not school texts)____
.31
Books borrowed from loan libraries_____
.17
Tobacco, total. _ . . . -------_ . ...
32.40
Cigars____________________________
3.87
25. 57
Cigarettes.-------------- ----------------Pipe tobacco__________________ _______
2.74
.22
Other tobacco________________________
Commercial entertainment, total________
21. 80
Movies (adult admission)_____________
16. 55
Fall_______________ ____ ___________
4. 24
W inter____________________ ______
4. 22
Spring_____________________________
4.17
Summer_______________________ ____
3.92
M ovies (child admission)______________
2. 66
Fall_______________________________
.66
W inter________
______ ____
.67
Spring--------------------------------.66
Summer_____________ ___________
.67
Plays and concerts . . ____
_____
1.35
Spectator sports. . ________
___ _ .
1.24
Recreational equipment, total_______ _ _ 10.49
Musical instruments-------------------.42
Sheet music, records, rolls_____________
.33
Radio purchase_______________________
3.76
Radio upkeep________________________
1. 32
Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
.42
Athletic equipment and supplies_______
.31
Children’s play equipment____________
1.30
Pets (purchase and care)______________
2.63
Recreational associations________________
2.26
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks_______
.39
Out of home, except food and drinks
.04
Other recreation __ _________ __________
2.99
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
108
72
96
68
82
68
70
58
60
48
82
66
46
63
21
1
0
49
61
22
1
2
37
61
33
2
5
23
55
30
3
7
28
50
34
7
5
37
62
43
6
2
7
67
30
4
13
54
35
1
17
63
20
1
20
51
19
2
16
39
10
0
21
49
17
1
68
60
8
7
68
40
10
8
68
27
7
19
53
24
9
9
50
15
13
21
67
8
15
23
1
6
1
16
3
0
12
19
9
1
7
7
20
6
0
15
12
13
1
5
3
25
12
4
22
8
16
0
3
8
18
10
4
11
16
15
3
6
3
26
11
7
8
20
14
1
4
8
32
17
5
8
31
23
1
0
$50.61
10.07
3. 61
5.90
.49
.07
0
23.35
1. 42
18.98
2. 66
.29
12. 83
8.10
2.08
2.08
2.08
1.86
4.17
1.06
1.05
1.03
1.03
.22
.34
3.27
.07
.28
.93
.61
.02
0
.34
1.02
.78
3
0
$65.10
12.81
4. 50
7.29
.99
(0
.03
26. 81
1. 64
21.66
3.48
.03
15. 50
11. 75
3.02
2.90
2.93
2.90
2.99
.70
.77
.76
.76
.40
.36
8.28
.22
.44
4.33
.99
.17
0
1.31
.82
1.13
2
3
$89. 51
15.56
5.01
8. 43
1.45
.54
.13
39.60
3. 77
32.99
2. 62
.22
20.94
15.89
4.04
4.07
4.00
3.78
2.92
.73
.73
.73
.73
.45
1.68
7.26
.09
.29
2.20
.97
.19
.26
2.37
.89
1.29
1
5
0
1
$96.82 $113.11
14.58
19.18
3.14
4. 74
9.03
10.29
1. 60
3.00
.26
.82
.55
.33
39. 66
35.02
4. 21
8.24
32.05
24. 76
2.93
2.02
0
.47
24.03
32. 92
19.18
25.22
4.88
6. 39
4.98
6.43
4.83
6.42
5.98
4.49
2.63
1. 56
.65
.39
.66
.39
.64
.39
.68
.39
1.77
4.06
.45
2.08
13. 47
18.15
0
3.48
.10
.82
6.88
3.85
1.18
2.62
.60
1.09
.63
.66
1.29
1.42
4. 21
2.79
3.03
4.43
5
0
$119. 36
18.93
4. 41
11.02
2.88
.42
.20
35. 51
6. 31
26. 46
2.48
.26
31.94
25. 47
6.68
6.45
6. 33
6.01
.92
.22
.24
.22
.24
2.51
3.04
18.15
.09
.15
5.62
2.14
.84
.60
1. 37
7.34
4.26
.10
.26
.16
4.44
0
.01
.30
0
.47
.10
1
o
1.95
.72
.12
2.57
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
1.35
0
9.22
369
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —N E G R O FA M IL IE S
Item
All fami
lies
E con om ic le v e l—F am ilies
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
R ecrea tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Familes in survey____________ __________________ ____
Number of families owning radios__________________________
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street________________________ ___________
Newspapers, home delivery ___________ __________ ____
Magazines____________ ________________ ______________
Books purchased (other than school texts)___ _________ _
Books borrowed from loan libraries___________ _____ _ __
Tobacco:
Cigars_______ _____ ____________________________ _____
Cigarettes____________________________________________
Pipe tobacco_____________________ ___________________
Other tobacco______________________________ ________
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission)_______________ ___________
Movies (child admission)___________________ _
_ _ ___
Plays and concerts _______________________ _________ _
Spectator sports- ________ _______________ ___ __ _ ___
Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments ___ __________________
______
Sheet music, records, rolls___________________ _______
Radio purchase___________________________________
Radio upkeep________ _______ _______ ______ _____ _____
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment_______ ____
Athletic equipment and supplies _____________________
Children’s play e q u ip m en t______________ ___________
Pets (purchase and care)____ ________________________
Recreational associations_______________ _____ _________
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks_____ ____ ____________
Out of home, except food and drinks____________________
101
68
55
37
31
22
15
9
56
43
20
2
0
32
18
9
1
0
13
20
8
1
0
11
5
3
0
0
19
46
27
8
8
25
16
7
8
15
9
0
3
6
2
1
49
22
13
17
25
19
6
6
15
2
5
6
9
1
2
5
1
3
6
12
1
3
12
10
17
1
2
3
6
0
2
10
2
3
0
0
2
5
1
0
2
4
9
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
4
5
2
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
Average expenditure for recreation, total____________ ____ _ _
Reading, total_________________________ _______________
Newspapers, street
_ ___________ _ __ _ . _
Newspapers, home delivery___________ _________ _____
Magazines_____________ _______________________ _ _
____
Books purchased (other than school texts)_____
Books borrowed from loan libraries___________________
Tobacco, total__________ _________________ ___ _____
Cigars_________________ _______ ____________ _________
Cigarettes_____________________________________ _____
Pipe tobacco_________________________ ____ ________ __
Other tobacco_____ _____________
___________ _____
Commercial entertainment, t o t a l ____________ ________
Movies (adult admission) ____________ ___ _____ _
Fall________________________________________________
W inter______________ _____________________ _____ _
Spring___________ _____ ________________ _______ _
Summer______ _______ _
______ ____________ ____
Movies (child admission)________ ___________________
Fall________________________________________________
W inter—________________ _________ . . . ____ _
___
Sp rin g__________________________________________ _
Summer_____
___________________________________
Plays and concerts _______ _________________________
Spectator sports__ _ _ __ ______ _____________________
Recreational equipment, t o t a l ___________ _______________
Musical instruments ___ ______________ ____________
Sheet music, records, rolls ___________________________
Radio purchase__________________ _____ _ ____________
Radio upkeep ____________________________
________
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment____________
Athletic equipment and supplies_______________________
Children’s play equipment__________________________ .
Pets (purchase and care)_______________________________
Recreational associations. _________ ____ ___ _ _______ _
Entertaining:
•In home, except food and d rin k s_______________________
Out of home, except food and drinks____________________
Other recreation________________________________________
$57. 37
8. 75
4.16
4.10
.45
.04
0
22. 30
2.97
14. 34
3. 53
1. 46
11.43
6. 86
1.73
1.73
1.73
1. 67
1.66
.42
.42
.41
.41
1.03
1.88
5.74
. 12
.03
2.85
.67
.09
.05
1. 04
.89
1.22
$50. 75
7.20
4.15
2.68
.35
.02
0
22. 52
1. 85
14. 82
3. 55
2.30
9.55
5. 32
1.31
1. 34
1. 34
1. 33
2.39
.60
.61
.59
.59
.69
1.15
4. 71
.21
.03
2.88
.23
0
.02
.92
.42
.14
$62. 30
10.49
2.85
7.18
.37
.09
0
22.15
4.58
13. 67
3.90
0
11. 56
6. 36
1. 65
1. 60
1. 59
1. 52
.80
.20
.20
.20
.20
1.22
3.18
8.95
0
0
3.92
1.69
.30
0
1. 74
1. 30
2.88
$71. 63
10.87
6.94
2.96
.97
0
0
21.83
3. 75
13. 96
2. 70
1. 42
18.14
13. 58
3.44
3. 44
3. 44
3.26
.80
.20
.20
.20
.20
1.87
1.89
2. 77
0
.08
.49
.18
0
.23
0
1.79
1.78
.83
.43
6. 67
.26
.80
5.57
0
0
6.27
4.68
0
11.56
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p- 461.
370
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
R ec r e a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
346
268
75
43
76
60
65
50
54
47
38
35
38
33
127
241
127
6
12
40
33
13
0
0
20
62
26
0
2
18
50
23
1
3
18
38
22
1
0
16
30
23
3
3
15
28
20
1
4
41
193
95
40
6
44
27
14
10
42
26
7
12
34
16
11
9
31
7
2
2
22
9
3
2
20
10
3
261
109
27
42
43
37
6
3
60
31
2
8
52
19
3
4
45
14
6
11
28
7
6
13
33
1
4
3
6
14
30
61
38
18
84
90 ■
86
1
3
2
5
5
7
16
13
16
1
5
10
20
10
1
24
23
18
2
2
7
11
6
2
20
16
14
1
2
3
11
8
5
12
16
14
1
2
5
8
4
3
10
11
13
0
0
3
6
5
0
2
11
11
10
11
0
3
1
4
3
1
1
0
3
3
2
0
Average expenditure for recreation, total . . . $81. 25
15. 55
Reading, total. .
_ __________________
4. 05
Newspapers, street___ _____ _________ .
Newspapers, home delivery.
_ _— _
9.47
1.77
Magazines.__ . . . ________ ______ ..
Books purchased (not school texts). ...
.12
.14
Books borrowed from loan libraries. ..
Tobacco, t o t a l______________________ .. 29.92
2.36
Cigars.. .
---------------------- -----Cigarettes____ ________ . . . _ _________ 22.41
3.12
Pipe tobacco ----- -----------2. 03
Other to b a c c o _____
. . . _____ . . .
17.19
Commercial entertainment, total. ______
Movies (adult admission)
. . . ______ 13.98
3. 51
Fall_______________________________
3. 52
Winter. _ _______________ _______
3.49
Spring_____________________________
Summer _ _ __ ____________________
3.46
Movies (child admission)____________
2.27
.58
Fall_______________________________
Winter. _ __________________________
.57
Spring____ _ _____________ _ ____
.57
Summer _____ ___________ _ . . .
.55
.37
Plays and concerts____________________
Spectator sports. ____________________
.57
10.82
Recreational equipment, total___________
Musical instruments ________________
1.39
Sheet music, records, rolls. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
.14
4. 37
Radio purchase___ ______ ______ _
Radio upkeep.. __ _______ _ _ __ _
.71
Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
.38
Athletic equipment and supplies_______
.18
Children’s play equipm ent._ _________
1. 61
Pets (purchase and care) __________ ._
2.04
Recreational associations. _______ ___ _
2.99
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks._______
.22
Out of home, except food and drinks____
.08
Other recreation._ ___ ________
4. 48
$67. 03
10. 72
5. 09
5.28
.35
0
0
30.40
1. 69
20.22
5.34
3.15
12. 66
9. 05
2.27
2. 27
2. 26
2. 25
3. 32
.84
.84
.82
.82
.19
.10
5.98
2. 75
.08
.72
.28
.10
.32
1.04
.69
2.96
$78. 77
15.16
2.81
11.10
1. 22
0
.03
29.39
1. 68
22.18
3.79
1. 74
14. 31
10. 79
2. 70
2.70
2. 70
2.69
3.02
.78
.78
.77
.69
.02
.48
14. 52
2. 58
. 18
6. 20
.85
.61
.04
1. 98
2.08
2. 98
$80. 06
15. 30
3. 09
10. 52
1. 37
.05
.27
30.80
4. 80
21. 23
2. 47
2. 30
18. 33
15. 59
3. 95
3.94
3.94
3. 76
2.44
.61
.61
.61
.61
.07
.23
11.14
.22
.06
6. 39
.85
.12
.11
2.24
1.15
1. 89
$83. 95 $101. 92
16. 38
19.77
4. 40
4. 98
9. 57
10.51
2.16
3. 46
.25
.61
0
.21
30. 45
28.89
3. 20
1. 22
25.09
24. 48
1. 50
1. 36
.66
1. 83
18.14
19. 65
15.26
15.18
3. 82
3. 84
3. 80
3. 84
3. 77
3. 79
3. 87
3.71
1. 72
1. 33
.43
.33
.43
.33
.43
.33
.43
.34
.35
1. 75
.81
1. 39
6. 96
18. 43
.05
1. 65
.34
.19
1. 46
8.04
.88
.71
.52
.73
.40
. 16
1.24
2. 58
2.07
4. 37
3. 50
4.19
$92. 07
21. 03
4. 73
11. 48
4.17
.07
.58
28. 88
.82
23. 35
2. 61
2.10
26. 09
24. 32
6.10
6.15
6. 05
6. 02
.08
.02
.02
.02
.02
.55
1.14
10.46
0
0
4.96
.82
.40
0
.48
3.80
3.02
.15
.01
2. 25
.36
.01
2.23
Families in survey. -----------------------Number of families owning radios.---------Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street____________ _______
Newspapers, home delivery ----------Magazines... ._ ______________
____
Books purchased (not school texts)-----Books borrowed from loan libraries_____
Tobacco:
Cigars. _ __________________ . . . ---Cigarettes. _ _ ____________ __________
Pipe tobacco. -------------------------Other tobacco. _________ ______________
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission) -------------Movies (child adm ission)_____________
Plays and concerts __________________
Spectator sports------------------------Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments ________________
Sheet music, records, rolls__________
Radio purchase____________ _
Radio upkeep------------ ------------Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
Athletic equipment and supplies-------Children’s play equipment________ . . .
Pets (purchase and care) -------------Recreational associations----- ----------Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks_______
Out of home, except food and drinks____
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
0
.10
4. 21
.25
0
8. 27
.44
.46
10.09
.27
0
2. 32
TABULAR SUM M ARY
371
T ab le 15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
Portland, Maine—White
families
Economic level, Fam
ilies spending per ex
penditure unit per yr.
All
fami
lies
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
Economic level, Fam
ilies spending per ex
penditure unit per yr.
All
fami
lies
Under $400 to $600
and
$400
$600
over
R ecrea tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey. __ _______ ____ ______
Number of families owning radios........ ......
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, street.............. ..................
Newspapers, home dalivery__________
Magazines______ ____________________
Books purchased (not school texts)____
Books borrowed from loan libraries____
Tobacco:
Cigars.................................................... .
Cigarettes_______ ______ ________ ____
Pipe tobacco_____________ ___________
Other tobacco__________ _____ _______
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission).......................
Movies (child admission) ............. .........
Plays and concerts.............. ....................
Spectator sports______________ _______
Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments.............................
Sheet music, records, rolls__________
Radio purchase. _________ ______ ___
Radio upkeep_______________________
Cameras, films, photographic equipment.
Athletic equipment and supplies___ _
Children’s play equipment___________
Pets (purchase and care)....... .................
Recreational associations. .............. ............
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks. .........
Out of home, except food and drinks. __
97
66
49
34
35
23
13
9
153
111
66
46
50
34
37
31
55
17
2
1
24
29
7
0
0
20
13
6
2
0
11
8
4
0
1
46
129
112
9
18
26
53
38
3
3
13
43
39
2
4
7
33
35
4
11
16
48
31
9
6
22
17
4
6
19
13
2
4
7
1
3
25
101
55
4
8
42
27
3
11
33
16
1
6
26
12
0
54
21
17
27
27
18
7
8
19
3
8
14
8
0
2
5
120
49
13
36
47
35
1
15
43
10
4
13
30
4
8
8
0
3
13
21
4
17
16
14
0
1
6
11
2
3
12
4
4
0
2
4
6
2
1
5
8
6
0
0
3
4
1
0
0
4
4
4
13
21
34
21
13
35
21
47
2
4
5
14
4
4
20
6
13
1
5
11
9
9
4
11
7
17
1
4
5
11
8
5
4
8
17
9
11
2
9
5
2
2
0
15
2
5
1
4
1
6
0
50
5
Average expenditure for recreation, to ta l.. . $49.54 $40. 09 $52. 32 $77. 29
Reading, total. ________________ ____
10. 41
9. 83 10. 62 12.01
4. 75
Newspapers, street.............. .................. .
6. 31
4.01
5. 20
4. 80
5. 27
Newspapers, home delivery.............. .
5. 57
5. 01
.30
Magazines__ _______________________
.25
.67
.25
.06
0
Books purchased (not school texts)___
0
.16
Books borrowed from loan libraries
.03
.23
0
0
Tobacco, total. ___________ ___________ 19. 26 15. 60 20.92 28.46
Cigars------------- -------- ---------1.98
1.40
6. 40
1.13
Cigarettes________ _____ _______ _____ 13.18
9. 77 16. 23 17. 77
Pipe tobacco......... ....................... ...........
2. 68
2.80
.27
3. 41
Other tobacco_______________________
1.42
4. 02
1.63
. 15
Commercial entertainment, to t a l_______
9. 52
7.81
5. 76
9.98
M ovies (adult admission).............. ........
4. 24
4. 53
3. 24
5. 51
F a ll..__________________ __________
1.06
.78
1. 41
1.18
1.04
.85
W in ter __________________ ________
1.25
1.18
Spring_________ _________________ _
.78
1. 05
1.36
1.18
Summer. _ _______________________
1.09
.83
1.49
.99
M ovies (child admission)____________
1.00
1. 66
.44
0
.25
Fall___________________ ___________
.41
.11
0
W in ter............ ........ ............................
.26
.44
.11
0
Spring_________________ _____ _____
.25
.41
0
.11
Summer__________________________
.24
.40
.11
0
.64
Plays and concerts.______ ___________
.32
.94
.97
1.93
.54
4.05
Spectator sports. __________________
3.06
Recreational equipment, total__________
9. 85
7.96
8. 62 20. 25
Musical instruments.
____________
0
0
0
0
.04
.01
.08
Sheet music, records, rolls____________
0
Radio purchase......... ................. ..........
5. 97
4.94
4.86 12.82
.84
.80
.65
1. 53
Radio upkeep_______________________
Cameras,films,photographic equipment.
. 11
. 15
.09
.03
.09
.16
.02
Athletic equipment and supplies____
0
1. 45
Children’s play equipment___________
1.10
1.02
0
1.70
.45
5. 87
Pets (purchase and care)_____________
1.90
.56
.24
1. 32
.71
Recreational associations_____________
Entertaining:
.15
.10
.18
In home, except food and drinks. _ _ .
.29
.41
Out of home, except food and d rink s.._
.59
.31
0
Other recreation_____ ________________
1.09
5.44
.01
.98
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
$89.14 $71. 72 $89.06 $120. 23
17.38 15. 05 16. 67
22. 49
2. 42
2. 68
2.99
2.45
12. 70
10. 75
9. 53 10.92
2.58
4.81
2. 89
2.06
.24
.18
.61
.07
.54
1. 95
.82
.40
31.81 27.78 31.22
39.78
4.14
2. 51
2.18
1.75
33. 43
25. 76 21. 60 25.58
2.21
3. 63
3. 37
3.81
.19
.26
0
. 17
21. 27
17. 61 16. 52 16.30
17.39
13. 06 10. 57 13.13
4.49
3. 44
2.70
3. 62
4. 65
3.38
2. 62
3. 45
4. 25
3.14
2.63
3.00
2. 62
4.00
3.06
3.10
.44
2.82
5. 02
1. 66
1. 32
.42
.73
.11
.74
1. 31
.44
.11
.41
.72
1. 29
.11
.11
.63
1.10
.39
.15
.83
.26
.03
2. 61
1. 47
.90
1. 36
19.02
7.91 15.80
13.17
.08
.03
.41
. 14
.34
.18
.09
.17
7.01
3.14 11. 62
7.69
.62
1. 41
.79
.56
.41
.51
.89
.06
.24
.70
.69
1. 53
2.94
1.86
2.13
1.26
.74
4.89
.96
1. 81
1.54
5.80
3.12
3.21
.90
.06
5.09
.43
.06
2.43
.36
.09
5.41
2.46
0
9. 41
372
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Scranton, Pa.
Rochester, N Y
Item
All
families
E c o n o m ic level—
Families spending
per
expenditure
unit per year
Un $400
$600
to
and
der
$400
$600
over
All '
fami
lies
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Un
der
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
R ecrea tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in s u r v e y ___ _________
Number of families owning radios..
Number of families spending for—
Reading:
Newspapers, s t r e e t . . _______Newspapers, home delivery___
Magazines___ ___________ . . .
Books purchased (not school
texts)___
__________ _ . _
Books borrowed from loan libr__
Tobacco:
__ __
Cigars.. ________ _
C i g a r e t t e s _________ .
Pipe tobacco________ _________
Other toacco_____ _ _____ _
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission) _____
Movies (child ad m ission )____
Plays and concerts_________
Spectator sports... ______ . .
Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments_________
Sheet music, records, rolls. __ .
Radio purchase_________ _..
Radio upkeep________________
Cameras, films, photo, equip___
Athletic equip, and supplies___
Children’s play equipment____
Pets (purchase and care) ----Recreational associations________
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks.
Out of home, except fd. and drk.
Av. expend, for recreation, total___
Reading, total . . . _ ____ . .
Newspapers, street_________
Newspapers, home delivery___
Magazines____ _ __________
Books purchased (not school
texts)...
____ ________ _
Books borrowed from loan libr__
Tobacco, total__________ _
Cigars________________
_
Cigarettes________ ____
Pipe tobacco_________________
Other tobacco _ __ . . . _ . . .
Commercial entertainment, total.
M ovies (adult admission). _ _
Fall_______________________
W in te r ___ _______________
Spring______________
___
Summer___ ___ . . . _ _ _
M ovies (child admission)_____
Fall_______________________
W inter. _ __ .
_______
S p rin g______________ ____
S u m m er____
_ _ ... ...
Plays and concerts________ _ _
Spectator sports______________
Recreational equipment, total___
Musical instruments_____ _
Sheet music, records, rolls..
Radio purchase___ _______
Radio u p k e e p _____________
Cameras, films, photo, equip___
Athletic equip, and supplies___
Children’s play equipment. _
Pets (purchase and care).. _
Recreational associations_______
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks.
Out of home, except fd. and drk.
Other recreation________________
301
237
95
72
115
88
91
77
231
82
38
17
58
23
95
32
40
10
40
281
162
10
84
36
15
109
62
15
88
64
86
168
79
14
27
7
22
43
12
37
65
36
13
33
24
15
16
4
1
7
7
4
8
6
1
1
0
1
0
2
1
2
0
55
180
106
29
17
55
32
8
22
74
43
9
16
51
31
12
28
113
63
15
3
11
12
3
8
21
15
4
10
58
27
5
7
23
9
3
250
92
25
84
70
49
3
18
98
31
9
36
82
12
13
30
142
63
12
27
20
17
1
2
35
20
3
6
60
22
5
12
27
4
3
7
8
19
26
95
40
40
64
62
113
2
4
11
19
8
7
29
13
27
2
7
11
36
15
18
27
24
49
4
8
4
40
17
15
8
25
37
4
10
19
43
16
5
29
17
20
1
1
2
9
0
2
3
3
1
0
0
6
11
7
0
8
4
5
3
6
7
17
6
2
14
2
8
0
3
4
6
3
1
4
8
6
2
17
8
7
___ U _
5
4
2
$83. 04 $64.05 $80.61 $105.92
17. 41 14.38 17. 81
20.04
.66
.99
1.13
.93
13. 71 12.39 14.12
14. 58
2. 35
2.34
3.48
1.28
.16
.26
26. 54
2.74
19. 38
3.10
1.32
18.01
14. 24
3. 77
3.89
3. 55
3. 03
2. 05
.52
.55
.50
.48
.30
1.42
11. 93
2.09
.26
3. 26
1.43
.41
1. 04
1.69
1.75
2.90
.02
.03
22.84
1.74
17.17
2.99
.94
14.16
9.18
2. 41
2.49
2. 31
1. 97
3.96
1.00
1.04
.98
.94
.11
.91
9.02
1.04
.09
4.24
.63
.16
.27
1. 72
.87
1. 57
.17
.19
27.37
2.88
19.84
3. 53
1.12
17. 68
14. 54
3. 89
4.10
3. 67
2.88
1. 51
.37
.43
.36
.35
.26
1. 37
10.02
.24
.42
3.16
1. 37
.67
.88
1.93
1. 35
2.87
.27
.58
29.42
3. 62
21.13
2. 69
1.98
22. 46
19.17
5.04
5.11
4.68
4.34
.72
.19
.19
.17
.17
.54
2.03
17. 33
5.50
.22
2. 36
2. 33
.34
2.03
1. 36
3.19
4.33
.15
.01
24.49
1. 90
17.91
3.76
.92
11. 60
8. 63
2.16
2.26
2.16
2.05
2.24
.56
.57
.56
.55
.23
.50
8.22
.45
.20
5.14
.74
.14
.10
.99
.46
.85
.62
.52
5.11
.25
.37
1.46
.53
.57
3. 76
1.11
.61
10.62
.12
.10
1.13
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
0
0
2
5
3
1
0
0
0
. 1
$57. 55 $37. 48 $42. 86 $62. 63 $85.70
11. 04
8.73
9.07 11.19 15.73
2. 26
2. 56
2. 65
2.88
2.60
6.12
6. 55
8.87
5.79
6.20
1.68
.34
3. 95
.70
1.86
.01
0
16.20
1.89
8.26
4.87
1.18
8.81
4.89
1. 26
1. 22
1.24
1.17
3. 77
.95
.95
.95
.92
.02
.13
3.05
.01
.02
1.82
.53
0
.16
.35
.16
.28
0
0
.41
.02
0
16. 37
1.46
10.04
3. 56
1. 31
9.08
6.45
1.68
1. 70
1.58
1. 49
2. 34
.59
.64
.55
.56
.06
.23
6. 76
0
0
4. 93
.71
.12
0
.74
.26
.34
0
0
1.24
.23
.02
29.04
.79
23.75
3.78
.72
12. 48
9.43
2.42
2.39
2. 36
2. 26
1.94
.49
.48
.49
.48
.37
.74
8.69
1.10
.08
4.92
.94
.12
.16
1.34
.03
.75
.31
0
33.26
5.14
24.60
2.96
.56
15. 77
13.42
3.08
3. 74
3. 40
3.20
1. 32
.33
.33
.33
.33
.34
.69
14.08
0
.98
9.00
.49
.35
.05
1.13
2.08
2.34
.18
.28
.60
3.64
0
.30
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
373
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H IT E F A M IL IE S
Item
All fami
lies
E c o n o m ic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
R ecrea tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey____________________________
Number of families owning radios______________
Number of families spending for:
Reading:
Newspapers, street________________________
Newspapers, home delivery________________
Magazines________________________________
Books purchased (other than school texts)___
Books borrowed from loan libraries----------Tobacco:
Cigars____________________________________
Cigarettes________________________________
Pipe tobacco---------------------------------Other tobacco_____________________________
Commercial entertainment:
Movies (adult admission)-------------------Movies (child admission)__________________
Plays and concerts________________________
Spectator sports___________________________
Recreational equipment:
Musical instruments______________________
Sheet music, records, rolls__________________
Radio purchase___________________________
Radio upkeep_____________________________
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment.
Athletic equipment and supplies___________
Children’s play equipment_________________
Pets (purchase and care)___________________
Recreational associations____________________
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks____________
Out of home, except food and drinks________
248
192
81
59
99
73
68
60
89
186
116
11
4
32
64
24
1
0
33
75
50
7
3
24
47
42
3
1
36
138
84
16
8
37
34
7
13
63
33
7
15
38
17
2
193
72
20
21
59
36
4
5
80
32
6
10
54
4
10
6
4
17
19
54
28
11
25
34
57
2
9
6
25
7
3
4
9
18
2
5
5
14
14
6
15
11
24
0
3
8
15
7
2
6
14
15
11
9
1
1
7
4
3
4
Average expenditure for recreation, total________
Reading, total______________________________
Newspapers, street________________________
Newspapers, home delivery________________
Magazines________________________________
Books purchased (other than school texts)___
Books borrowed from loan libraries----------Tobacco, total______________________________
Cigars____________________________________
Cigarettes________________________________
Pipe tobacco______________________________
Other tobacco_____________________________
Commercial entertainment, total_____________
Movies (adult admission)__________________
Fall____________________________________
W inter_________________________________
Spring__________________________________
Summer________________________________
M ovies (child admission)__________________
Fall____________________________________
W inter_________________________________
Spring__________________________________
Summer________________________________
Plays and concerts________________________
Spectator sports___________________________
Recreational equipment, total________________
Musical instruments_______________________
Sheet music, records, rolls__________________
Radio purchase___________________________
Radio upkeep_____________________________
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment.
Athletic equipment and supplies------------Children’s play equipment------------------Pets (purchase and care)___________________
Recreational associations____________________
Entertaining:
In home, except food and drinks____________
Out of home, except food and drinks--------Other recreation____________________________
$73.86
14.35
3.43
8. 60
2.04
.22
.06
27.31
3.16
19. 08
4.40
.67
19.16
15.81
4.08
4.15
4.00
3.58
2. 46
.63
.65
.64
.54
.30
.59
8.45
.28
.21
3.91
.98
.66
.34
.83
1.24
2.09
$56. 72
12.01
2.96
7. 82
1.22
.01
0
20.28
1.38
13.57
4. 50
.83
15.65
11.51
2.96
2.99
2.89
2.67
3. 85
1.01
1.02
1.01
.81
.12
.17
5.63
.74
.31
2.46
.96
.16
.06
.43
.51
2.37
$73. 55
14.38
3.14
8. 80
2. 02
.28
.14
29. 36
1.92
22.34
4.30
.80
18.96
15. 77
4.10
4.14
3. 97
3.56
2. 57
.66
.66
.67
.58
.21
.41
6.97
.10
.21
2.43
.69
1. 28
.63
1.06
.57
1.58
$94. 72
17.09
4.39
9. 22
3.04
.41
.03
32.69
7.09
20.90
4.42
.28
23.64
20.97
5.38
5.54
5.35
4.70
.64
.14
.19
.17
.14
.66
1.37
13.97
0
.08
7.78
1.44
.37
.25
.98
3.07
2.52
.24
.50
1.76
.09
.03
.66
.36
.66
1.28
.24
.81
3.76
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
374
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level —Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
• $500*
to
$600
$400
to
$500
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
516
96
100
117
85
51
67
1
95
0
22
1
15
0
28
0
14
0
6
0
10
$7.10
.03
7. 07
$6. 44
0
6.44
$2. 79
. 16
2. 63
$7.48
0
7. 48
$13.18
0
13.18
$6. 56
0
6.56
$6.50
0
6.50
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees_________ ____
Professional association dues or fees _ __
Technical literature__________ ______
117
8
5
20
0
0
17
0
1
30
2
0
16
1
1
15
1
1
19
4
2
Average expenditure per family for vocational items, total______
_ _______
Union dues or f e e s ._____
______
Professional association dues or fees. ___ _
Technical literature.__ _ _ _______ ___
Other items of vocational expense____ __
$5.13
4. 85
.14
. 14
0)
$2. 94
2. 93
0
0
.01
$3. 72
3. 68
0
.04
0
$5. 07
4. 88
.19
0
0
$4.16
4. 03
. 12
.01
0
$7. 35
5. 85
.29
1. 21
0
$10.10
9.60
.41
.09
0
466
117
86
8
95
20
104
25
78
20
45
20
58
24
476
90
93
105
80
48
60
Average expenditure per family for com
munity welfare, total__________ ____ _ $22. 70
18. 79
Religious organizations___ ______ .
Community chest and other organizations.
1. 74
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property.
2.17
$17.17
14. 48
.46
2. 23
$19. 71
16. 30
1. 25
2.16
$20. 78
17. 53
1.12
2.13
$26. 59
22. 68
1.60
2.31
$26. 78
19. 34
5. 22
2.22
$30. 36
25. 51
2. 91
1.94
333
64
8
40
8
0
59
9
1
76
11
2
61
11
0
38
8
0
59
17
5
Average expenditure per family for contribu
tions and gifts to persons outside eco
nomic family, total__________ __ ___
$18. 21
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts________ _ 11. 50
6. 59
Support of relatives_________ ____ _____
Support of other persons________________
. 12
$5.62
3. 94
1. 68
0
$9. 41
6.83
2. 57
.01
$13. 75
8. 76
4. 82
.17
$21. 64
16. 01
5. 63
0
$26.19
14. 45
11. 74
0
$46. 77
26.09
20. 05
.63
Families in survey____________
_______
Number of families spending for—
Members away from home _______ _
_
Members at hom e___________ _______ _
Average expenditure per family for formal
education, total_______________
___
For members away from home_______ _
For members at home________________ _
V o ca tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations________ ______ _
Community chest and other organizations.
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal prop
erty. __ —
G ifts and C o n trib u tio n s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts-----------Support of relatives_
_ ________ _
__
Support of other persons_______________
M i s c e l l a n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals. _ ______________________ _____
Legal c o s t s ___ ____ ____________________
Gardens_______ _____ __________________
Fam ily losses________ _____ __________
7
4
13
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
4
1
3
0
1
2
1
0
1
0
6
T
Average expenditure per family for miscella
neous items, total.___________ __ ____
Funerals. ..................... ................ ...........
Legal costs____________________
_ _
Gardens___ _____ _____ _________________
Fam ily losses_________________ _ __ __
Other____ ____ ___________________
$6. 94
4. 08
.67
.08
.26
1.85
$0. 25
0
0
.01
0
.24
$1.04
0
0
0)
0
1.04
$6. 69
3.17
. 14
.04
.06
3.28
$15. 75
10. 28
3. 63
.02
0
1.82
$9. 59
8. 81
.42
.01
0
.35
$12. 46
6.11
0
.46
1. 86
4.03
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
375
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
B U FFA LO , N. Y.—W HITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey________________ _____
Number of families spending for—
Members away from home______________
Members at home __ _________________
450
51
82
104
85
54
74
1
203
1
42
0
63
0
49
0
30
0
11
0
8
Average expenditure per family for formal
education, total_____________________ _
For members away from h o m e ..................
For members at home........................ ..........
$4. 48
.22
4.26
$8.23
1.96
6. 27
$6. 56
0
6. 56
$2. 46
0
2. 46
$3.96
0
3. 96
$4. 69
0
4. 69
$2. 87
0
2.87
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fe e s _____________________
Professional association dues or fees___
Technical literature___________ __ ____
79
3
6
5
0
1
13
1
0
16
0
0
16
1
3
10
0
1
19
1
1
Average expenditure per family for vocational items, total_____________________
Union dues or fe e s ____________________
Professional association dues or fees______
Technical literature____ _____ _
_____
Other items of vocational exp en se_______
$4. 04
3. 60
.05
.27
.12
$2. 52
2. 48
0
.04
0
$2. 40
2.16
.18
0
.06
$2.88
2. 88
0
0
0
$5.71
3. 81
.12
1.37
.41
$6. 02
5. 89
0
.04
.09
$5. 25
5.07
0)
.03
.15
381
255
1
48
21
0
71
38
0
83
53
0
74
47
0
48
40
0
57
56
1
Average expenditure per family for com
$18. 84
munity welfare, total . _______ ____
Religious organizations. __ ________ _ _ 16. 35
2. 47
Community chest and other organizations.
.02
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property .
$13. 43
12.19
1.24
0
$15.76
14. 64
1.12
0
$13. 53
11. 78
1. 75
0
$20.11
17. 52
2. 59
0
$26. 93
23.18
3. 75
0
$26. 08
21.20
4. 76
. 12
336
54
53
27
4
1
49
3
6
79
11
11
72
13
10
46
6
11
63
17
14
Average expenditure per family for contribu
tions and gifts to persons outside eco
nomic family, total __ . . . __ . . . ______ $18. 27
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts_____ _____
11. 66
6.16
Support of relatives_____________________
.45
Support of other persons________________
$7. 47
6.18
1.26
.03
$8. 65
7.15
1.30
.20
$13. 50
10. 72
2. 39
.39
$21. 66
14. 82
6. 52
.32
$18. 54
13.41
4. 74
.39
$39. 05
16. 87
20. 87
1.31
V o ca tion E x p e n d itu r e s
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations. _______________
Community chest and other organizations.
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property.
G ifts a nd C on trib u tion s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts__________
Support of relatives______ ______ ______
Support of other persons______________ __
M i s c e l l a n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals______ _______ _____________ ___
Legal c o sts....................................................
Gardens________________ ______________
Fam ily losses._________ ________________
13
8
41
4
1
0
4
0
2
0
7
1
2
3
7
3
2
* 1
7
0
2
2
6
0
4
2
10
0
Average expenditure per family for miscella
neous items, total_______ _ _______ _ .
Funerals___________________ __ ______
Legal costs____________ ________________
Gardens....................................... ..............
Family losses....... ............. ......... . . _______
O ther........................ ........ ........... . ............
$8.41
6. 03
1.41
.24
.37
.36
$8.15
7. 82
0
. 14
0
.19
$1. 12
.08
0
.07
.49
.48
$3. 22
.19
1.39
. 18
1.21
.25
$7.00
6.15
.29
.26
0
.30
$13. 37
12.13
. 67
.44
0
. 13
$21. 96
15. 02
5. 81
.41
0
.72
i Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
53959°— 39------ 25
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
37 6
T able
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
W H ITE FAM ILIES
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n
All
families
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic
level—
Families spend
ing per expendi
ture unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s
153
66
46
30
11
151
75
46
30
3
19
3
13
0
4
0
2
0
0
1
21
1
14
0
6
0
1
$3.82
1.12
2.70
$6.82
2. 59
4. 23
$1.90
0
1.90
$1.54
0
1.54
0
0
0
$6.39
0)
6. 39
$3.24
0)
3.24
15
13
2
6
2
0
3
5
2
3
5
0
3
1
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
Average expenditure per family for
$2. 66
vocational items, total---- . . .
1.49
Union dues or fe e s ----- ----1.15
Professional association dues or fees.
.02
Technical literature------------Other items of vocational expense. _ 0
$0. 76
.63
.13
0
0
$2.41
.84
1.49
.08
0
$5.38
3.16
2.22
0
0
$7.80
4.87
2.93
0
0
$0.32
.30
0
0
.02
128
57
36
25
10
104
52
34
18
60
10
21
20
9
112
52
33
27
141
62
41
27
11
27
9
10
8
Families in survey------------------Number of families spending for—
Members away from hom e-------Members af home----------------Average expenditure per family for
formal education, total---------For members away from hom e---For members at hom e.. . . . ----
$8.54 $10.97
0
0
8.54 10.97
V o ca tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees------ -------Professional association dues or fees.
Technical literature--------------
1
0
0
$0.89
.84
0
0
.05
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
$0.26
.23
0
0
.03
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations-----------Community chest and other or
ganizations—
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal
property-------------------------
Average expenditure per family for
community welfare, total------- $31. 65 $28. 01 $29. 67 $38. 41 $43. 50
Religious organizations---- -----17.74 15. 97 15. 21 21.94 27. 56
Community chest and other or
2. 78
.89
5. 59
3.04
ganizations---- -------- — --5.43
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal
property------------------------- 11.13 11.15 11. 42 10.88 10. 51
$20. 49 $13. 67 $31. 26 $21.04
17.82 11.72 28.87 16.14
2. 32
1.74
1.97
4. 33
.35
.21
.42
.57
9
3
0
91
19
2
39
5
1
28
8
1
24
6
0
$7.90 $11.01 $48.13 $48. 30
4. 60
6.19 11.63 37.20
3.30
4.82
8. 52 11.11
0
o27.98
0
$17.17
9. 37
7. 72
.08
G ifts a nd C on trib u tion s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts---Support of relatives____
_
_
Support of other persons------
79
18
2
Average expenditure per family for
contributions and gifts to persons
outside economic family, total.__ $19. 63
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts___
8.80
Support of relatives---------5. 34
Support of other persons___ ____
5.49
26
7
0
24
3
0
20
5
2
$6.74 $19.91 $39.02
5. 31
9. 52 19.29
1.43 10.12 19.73
.27
0
0)
M i s c e l l a n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals____ ____ ____ ..
Legal costs_________ ______ _ ._
Gardens__________ _
______ _
Fam ily losses___________________
1
2
32
0
0
1
17
0
1
1
11
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
2
2
6
1
Average expenditure per family for
miscellaneous items, total______
Funerals___
. ._ _________
Legal costs_____ _ __ _______
G ardens____ ____
_ _______
Family losses..______ _ _______
Other____________ ______ . . . _
$3. 39
.58
. 11
.96
0
1.74
$3.01
0
.04
1.04
0
1.93
$5.30
1.94
.33
1.22
0
1.81
$1.56
0
0
.52
0
1.04
$2.68
0
0
.63
0
2.05
$8.10
4. 66
1.46
.28
.73
.97
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
0
0
5
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
$2. 57 $14.83 $11. 65
0
9.05
9. 57
0
4.16
.97
.37
0
. 52
1.48
0
0
.72
1. 62
.59
TABULAR SUMM ARY
377
T able 16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare,
and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Economic level—Families spending per
expenditure unit per year
Item
All
families
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
146
25
51
41
29
6
23
1
5
2
13
2
4
1
1
$5. 47
1. 78
3. 69
$1. 83
.06
1. 77
$5. 75
.05
5.70
$4. 75
.08
4. 67
$9. 16
8. 71
.45
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees___________________________
Professional association dues or fees______ ______
Technical literature..... ...........
__ ________ __
82
14
2
12
1
0
34
4
1
22
2
1
14
7
0
Average expenditure per family for vocational items,
total-------- ---------------------------------Union dues or fe e s._____ ___________________
Professional association dues or fees___________ _
Technical literature__________________________
Other items of vocational expense_______________
$8. 48
7. 57
.77
.06
.08
$5. 02
4. 96
.06
0
0
$8. 26
7. 86
.34
.06
0
$7. 47
6.80
.25
. 14
.28
$13. 26
10. 39
2. 87
0
0
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations--------------------------Community chest and other organizations. . . . . .
Taxes: Poll, income, a»d personal property._____
130
37
132
25
4
22
48
7
44
31
13
40
26
13
26
Average expenditure per family for community wel
fare, total. ___________ ____ _________ _____
Religious organizations---------------------------Community chest and other organizations______
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property . . .
$27. 40
22. 50
1.12
3.78
$26. 84
22. 80
. 10
3. 94
$28. 89
24. 71
.54
3. 64
$24. 81
19. 86
.82
4. 13
$28. 96
22.10
3. 47
3. 39
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts................ ...............
Support of relatives --------------- ----Support of other persons.._ __________ . . . __
90
11
5
10
1
1
33
2
1
27
4
1
20
4
2
Average expenditure per family for contributions
and gifts to persons outside economic family,
t o t a l________________ . ________ _______
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts________ ______ _
Support of relatives_______________ . . . ______
Support of other persons . . . __________ _ ___
$14. 37
11. 34
2. 46
.57
$4. 11
2. 89
.06
1. 16
$13.11
12. 32
$16. 93
11.31
5.58
.04
$21. 82
16. 93
3.11
1.78
Number of families spending for—
Funerals________ . . . . ______ _________ _. ._
Legal costs____ ________ _
. __________
Gardens___________ __________________________
Fam ily losses. .
. _ __ _ _ ____________ _ .
2
1
20
3
0
0
2
1
2
0
0
0
1
6
1
0
0
5
1
Average expenditure per family for miscellaneous
_
___
items, to ta l.______ _
Funerals______________ ____________ _ ____
Legal costs___ _ ._ __ ______
_ _______
Gardens____ ________________ ______
____
Family losses________________________________
Other______________ _____________ _______ _
$5. 41
2. 37
.04
.50
. 14
2. 36
$1. 03
0
0
. 19
.29
.55
$11. 54
6. 79
0
.41
0
4. 34
$2. 62
0
. 15
.59
.06
1.82
$2. 36
0
0
.78
.40
1.18
Families in survey ------------------------ ------Number of families spending for—
Members away from home__________________ _
Members at hom e____ ________________ ______
Average expenditure per family for formal education,
total_____________________ _____ ______ ______
For members away from home_______________ _
For members at home. _______________________
V o ca tion E x p e n d itu r e s
C o m m u n i t y W elfa re E x p e n d it u r e s
G ifts and C on trib u tion s
.77
.02
M is c e lla n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
7
378
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PH IL A D EL PH IA , P A —W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level —Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
498
108
96
82
70
60
82
13
186
2
73
2
33
0
27
3
22
5
15
1
16
$6.03
.32
5. 71
$7.10
.08
7. 02
$8. 05
.48
7. 57
$3. 79
0
3.79
$3.03
.25
2. 78
$5.93
1.35
4. 58
$7.08
.06
7.02
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fe e s _____________________
Professional association dues or fees —_
Technical literature ___ _______ _____
126
7
2
27
1
0
24
1
0
26
2
2
16
2
0
14
0
0
19
1
0
Average expenditure per family for vocational items, total __ _ _
_ ___
Union dues or fees. __ _ __ ______ ____ _
Professional association dues or fees------Technical literature
__________ __ _
Other items of vocational expense______ -
$4.92
4. 80
.09
.02
.01
$3. 51
3. 51
0)
0
0
$3.86
3. 76
.08
0
.02
$7.09
6.61
.37
.11
0)
$5.80
5. 75
.03
0
.02
$3.96
3.96
0
0
0
$5.79
5.73
.06
0
0
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations___ — ------ -- Community chest and other organizations_
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal prop
erty. ------------------------------
400
139
91
15
82
22
69
24
54
23
48
20
56
35
8
1
1
0
0
3
3
Average expenditure per family for com
m unity welfare, total_________________
Religious organizations. ___ _ _ ___ —
Community chest and other organizations.
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal prop
erty_________________________________
20. 61
1.95
$15. 34
15.16
.18
$20. 57
19.99
.58
$23,99
22.24
1.75
$25.24
23.43
1.81
$27.46
25.36
1.99
$27. 51
21.00
6.19
0)
0)
0
0
.11
.32
Families in survey ___ ___ ______________
Number of families spending for—
Members away from home__ _________ —
Members at home
___ _
------ -Average expenditure per family for formal
education, total
____ ___
---For members away from home--------- __
For members at home. _ __ ____________
V o ca tion E x p e n d itu r e s
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d itu r e s
.07
-
G ifts and C on tribu tion s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts_______ —
Support of relatives ___________
____
Support of other persons. __ _______ _
293
89
47
36
5
2
50
13
3
53
18
10
47
11
10
44
15
10
63
27
12
Average expenditure per family for contribu
tions and gifts to persons outside eco
nomic family, to ta l... ______ _____ _
$25.95
Chirstmas, birthday, etc., gifts___ . . .
13.86
Support of relatives__ _ . ___________
11.36
.73
Support of other persons.._ _
--- .
$6. 61
3.47
2. 81
.33
$7.83
6. 57
1.11
.15
$27. 65
11.86
15.13
.66
$25.87
16.20
9.28
.39
$39.08
23. 37
14. 76
.95
$61. 36
29.11
30.11
2.14
12
5
28
2
3
0
1
1
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
1
0
4
0
1
1
7
0
3
3
11
0
Average expenditure per family for miscel
laneous items, total___________________ $12. 05
Funerals ____ . . . ____ . . . ___________
7.87
1. 79
Legal costs____________________ . . . . .
.20
Gardens----------------------------------.01
Fam ily losses-----------------------------2.18
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . __________
$7.83
5.12
0
.01
.02
2.68
$2.49
2.29
0
.03
.05
.12
$6.22
6.06
.02
.12
0
.02
$10. 37
7.25
0
.18
0
2.94
$8. 36
6.99
.07
.72
0
.58
$38.78
21.00
10.81
.35
0
6.62
M i s c e l l a n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals___________
________________
Legal costs________ __________________
Gardens-------------- -----------Fam ily losses.. ____ ____________ — -
1 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
379
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, grt/£s and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, & economic level— Continued
?/
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—N E G R O FA M ILIE S
Item
All fam
ilies
E con om ic le v e l—F a m ilie s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey___________ _ _________________________
Number of families spending for—
Members away from home______________________________
Members at home, _____________________________________
101
55
31
15
1
37
0
26
1
7
0
4
Average expenditure per family for formal education, total___
For members away from hom e___________________________
For members at home__________ ___ _ _ ________________
$2. 53
.85
1.68
$2.16
0
2.16
$3.54
2. 77
.77
$1.81
0
1.81
13
0
0
5
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
0
$1. 49
1.49
0
0
0
$1.06
1.06
0
0
0
$1. 66
1.66
0
0
0
$2.70
2. 70
0
0
0
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations______________ ______ ______ ______
Community chest and other organizations _ _ _______
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property_______________
92
24
0
51
10
0
30
9
0
11
5
0
Average expenditure per family for community welfare, total,.
Religious organizations____________________ _______ ______
Community chest and other organizations______ ________
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property_______________
$16. 77
15.86
.91
0
$12.92
12. 39
.53
0
$21. 76
21.28
.48
0
$20.57
17. 42
3.15
0
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts,___________ _____ ________
Support of relatives ____ _______ - -------------------Support of other persons_____ ._ ____________________
45
24
5
20
9
2
16
10
1
9
5
2
Average expenditure per family for contributions and gifts to
persons outside economic family, total_______________
_
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts. --- -----------------Support of relatives _ ___ ___ __ _ . . ------- -----Support of other persons___ _____ _ __ ___ _____________
$21. 53
4. 32
16.48
.73
$8. 62
1.95
6. 52
.15
$33. 41
4.32
27. 27
1.82
$44.30
13. 02
30.66
.62
Number of families spending for—
Funerals_______ ________ . . .
. _ .
--------------Legal costs _ ________________________________________
Gardens_______________________________________________
_ _ ___________________________
Family lo sse s____
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
Average expenditure per family for miscellaneous items, total. _
Funerals___ _
--- ---------------- -----------Legal costs.. _________________________ ___________ --Gardens_______ _____
_ _______ . . . . . . ------Family losses.._ . . . ____________ _____ .. ------ -Other---------------- --------------------- ------------------
$1.17
.55
.53
0
.06
.03
$1.07
1.01
0
0
0
.06
$1.94
0
1.74
0
.20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
V o ca tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fe e s ______________ _______ __________
Professional association dues or fees____________ _________
Technical literature __________________________________
Average expenditure per family for vocational items, total____
Union dues or fees_________ ______ _________________
Professional association dues or fees________ _ _______ _ __
Technical literature___ _
_____ __ _______ __
Other items of vocational expense ________
________ _
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d itu re s
G ifts and C on tribu tion s
M is c e lla n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
380
T a b l e 16. — Formal
education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
PIT TSBU R G H , PA.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expendi
ture unit per year
Item
All
fami
lies
$700
and
over
Under
$300
$300 to
$400
$400 to
$500
346
75
76
65
54
38
38
16
53
3
19
3
13
2
11
5
7
2
2
1
1
$3. 44
1.22
2. 22
$3. 74
.42
3. 32
$2.13
.66
1.47
$4. 34
2. 58
1. 76
$2. 75
.84
1. 91
$7.75
3.25
4. 50
$0.54
.05
.49
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees.,
----- ------------Professional association dues or fees ___ ___
Technical literature ________ ________
45
19
4
10
2
0
5
3
0
7
3
0
7
2
2
9
4
2
Average expenditure per family for voca
tional items, total ____
___
Union dues or fees __ _
----- -- -----Professional association dues or fe e s ______
Technical literature _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______
Other items of vocational expense ____ _
$5. 30
3.46
1.42
. 12
.30
$3.91
3.44
.38
0
.09
$1.70
1.46
.19
0
.05
$5.49
4.64
.31
0
.54
$5.36
3.11
1.26
0
.99
$7.25
3. 25
2.95
.95
. 10
$12.85
6.17
6. 53
. 15
0
302
173
63
25
68
34
60
35
45
31
33
26
33
22
17
2
3
2
3
0
7
Average expenditure per family for com
m unity welfare, total__________ _____ _ $25. 20
Religious organizations______ _ __ _ __ _ 22. 76
2.12
Community chest and other organizations__
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property.
.32
$20. 22
19.13
1.03
.06
$22. 77
20. 84
1.74
. 19
$23. 32
20. 91
2.15
.26
$23.28
20.78
2.00
.50
$32. 58
28. 72
3.86
0
$38. 89
34.14
3.48
1. 27
212
45
12
22
7
0
46
7
2
52
5
3
36
4
2
28
10
5
28
12
0
Average expenditure per family for contribu
tions and gifts to persons outside eco
nomic family, total. _._ ___________
$16.40
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts. _ ______
9.71
Support of relatives—
_________ _ . . .
6. 21
Support of other persons ________ _ ._
.48
$4. 54
2.79
1.75
0
$9. 55
7. 21
2.26
.08
$18.17
11.67
5. 36
1.14
$13.87
11. 09
1.81
.97
$33.39
13.98
18. 57
.84
$37.09
18.81
18.28
0
9
12
18
5
1
4
5
1
1
4
4
0
4
1
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
0
3
2
1
1
3
1
Average expenditure per family for miscel
laneous items, to t a l_______________ _ $11.13
Funerals
___ _____ _ _ ___
3. 31
Legal costs____ _ _ _
__ _
1.66
Gardens. _________ _ _
.14
Fam ily losses__________ _ . . .
1.09
Other_____ ________
4.93
$3.97
.38
1.16
.13
.86
1.44
$4. 54
.04
3.79
.05
0
.66
$10. 31
9. 06
.35
.01
.04
.85
$21.88
0
1.12
.01
0
20. 75
$24. 79
13. 60
0
. 52
3. 33
7. 34
$10.98
.21
3.07
. 37
4.85
2.48
$500 to $600 to
$600
$700
F o r mal E d u ca tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
Families in survey ___ __ __ __ ...................
Number of families spending for—
Members away from home- _____ ___ _
Members at hom e.-______ _____________
Average expenditure per family for formal
education, total_____________________
For members away from home_ ________
For members at home__________ _
V o ca tion E x p e n d itu r e s
7
5.
0
C o m m u n i t y W elfa r e E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations--------------Community chest and other organizations._
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal prop
erty_______ ______ ________________
G ifts and C on tribu tion s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., g ifts __________
Support of relatives___
____________
Support of other persons______ __________
M is c e lla n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals- __________ . ______________
Legal costs________________ ___________
Gardens____
_ _ . __ ___ ___
Fam ily losses______________________ ____
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
1
i
381
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T a b l e 16. — Formal
education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
Portland, Maine—White
families
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
All
fami
lies
Economic level —
Families spending
per
expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level —
Families spending
per
expenditure
unit per year
Under $400 to
$400
$600
$600
and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d itu r e s
97
49
35
13
153
66
50
37
1
3
1
2
0
1
0
0
3
39
0
25
1
10
2
4
$0. 72
.20
.52
$1.37
.39
.98
$0.06
0
.06
$10. 72
5. 74
4.98
$2.02
0
2.02
$9. 08
3. 50
5. 58
$28. 46
19.00
9. 46
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees----------------------Professional association dues or fees-----Technical literature------ --------- - -
6
0
0
1
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
0
15
2
3
5
0
0
5
1
2
5
1
1
Average expenditure per family for vocational items, total_______ . . .. .. .
Union dues or fees . . . ---------- ------Professional association dues or fees.. _
Technical literature__________________
Other items of vocationl expense. _ . ---
$1.86
.86
0
0
1.00
$1.17
.39
0
0
.78
$3.31
1.66
0
0
1.65
$0. 57
.49
0
0
.08
$2.35
2. 25
.02
.08
0
$1.20
1.20
0
0
0
$2. 72
2.48
.02
.22
0
$3. 91
3. 83
.05
.03
0
73
34
28
11
112
48
42
22
51
22
23
6
85
25
29
31
2
1
1
0
143
63
47
33
$20. 72 $15.41 $25. 36
15.29 11.02 19. 61
$23. 91
17.06
Families in survey. __ _ --------------Number of families spending for—
Members away from home . . . ---- -Members at home_ _
_
-----------Average expenditure per family for formal
education, total. __---------- -For members away from home. _ -----For members at h o m e...----- ----------
0
0
0
V o ca tion E x p e n d itu r e s
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations._ ------ . . .
Community chest and other organiza
tions. . . . . . . -------- . .
-------Taxes: Poll, income, and personal prop
erty—
Average expenditure per family for com
munity welfare, total----- . . . . . . -. $16.24 $11. 58 $19.90
Religious organizations_______ ____ . . .
14.17
9.89 17.13
Community chest and other organiza
1. 47
tions. __ . . . _. -------- --- -1.96
2. 75
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal prop
.11
.22
.02
erty----------------------------- ------
$23. 98
22.31
1.67
2.12
1.17
2.26
3. 61
0
3.31
3. 22
3. 49
3.24
9
6
1
110
18
14
43
6
3
36
6
6
31
6
5
$6.42 $21. 52 $101. 21
2.58
3.96
10.54
3.62 17.34
89.86
.22
.22
.81
$20.17
12. 68
6.85
.64
$8. 72 $19. 62
6. 21 14. 37
2.28
4.96
.23
.29
$41. 33
21. 95
17. 53
1.85
G ifts a nd C o n tribu tion s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts. . . . . . .
Support of relatives.. ___. . . ________
Support of other persons.. _ ------------
39
25
4
Average expenditure per family for contri
butions and gifts to persons outside
economic family, total.._______ . . . .. $24.57
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts._____
4.14
_ .
20.13
Support of relatives. _ . . . _____
Support of other persons______________
.30
14
7
1
16
12
2
M is c e lla n e o u s E x p e n d itu r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals. . . . ________ . . . _______
Legal costs_________________
______
Gardens_____________________________
Family losses_______________________
1
0
7
3
0
0
5
0
0
0
2
3
1
0
0
0
0
4
25
1
0
3
9
1
0
1
10
0
0
0
6
0
Average expenditure per family for miscel
laneous items, total
_________ ____
Funerals____________________________
Legal c o s t s _____________________ ____
Gardens_____________________________
Fam ily losses ______________ _______
Other__________ ___________ ______
$1.69
.52
0
.06
.91
.20
$0. 21
0
0
.08
0
.13
$2.94
0
0
.07
2. 51
.36
$3.86
3.85
0
0
0
.01
$2. 35
0
.91
.63
.07
.74
$2.95
0
1.84
.42
.16
.53
$2.29
0
.34
.73
0
1.22
$1. 33
0
0
.88
0
.45
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
382
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions
and miscellaneous expenditures, fo/ economic level— Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Scranton, Pa.
Rochester, N. Y.
Item
All
fami
lies
E conomic l e v e l —
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Families
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$600
231
38
58
95
40
8
29
1
5
3
12
2
7
2
5
$6.24
2.43
3.81
$5.68
.26
5. 42
$5. 29
.79
4.50
$600
and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
301
95
115
Families in survey________________
91
Number of families spending for—
2
1
1
Members away from home___ _
0
142
72
52
Members at home ------------ _
18
Average expenditure per family for
formal education, total_________ $11. 52 $10. 39 $10. 83 $13. 56
.54
For members away from home___
4.28
1.50
0
For members at home__________
10. 02 10. 39 10.29
9.28
$2.05 $18.13
.14 12. 33
5.80
1.91
V o ca tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees_________ _____
Professional association dues or
fees_____________ ___________
Technical literature._____ _______
Average expenditure per family for
vocational items, total______ _
Union dues or fees_______________
Professional association dues or
fees ------ _ -------Technical literature___ ____ __ —
Other items of vocational expense..
79
29
30
20
127
21
37
52
17
10
1
2
0
1
1
7
0
10
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
6
0
$5.97
5. 68
$5.60
5. 52
$6. 25
6.04
$6.00
5.40
$11. 41
9.84
.08
.05
.02
. 14
.23
.01
.05
0
0
0
0
.60
.77
0
0
2.88
200
219
124
0
.80
$9.05 $11. 89 $10.82 $14. 34
9.02 12. 91
6.17 11. 45
.34
1.28
0
. 52
1.43
0
0
32
54
80
34
35
57
90
37
22
24
50
28
0
.10
C o m m u n i t y W e lfa r e E x p e n d it u r e s
Number of families spending for—
72
Religious organizations. ________
239
85
82
Community chest and other organ
72
101
77
izations.— --- . ___ _______
250
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal
2
0
1
1
property____ ______________
Average expenditure per family for
community welfare, to ta l.._____ $21.60 $18. 74 $22.05 $24.01
18. 27 16. 49 18.68 19. 61
Religious organizations_________
Community chest and other organ
3.23
2. 25
3. 37
izations . . . ._ _____________
4.09
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal
property______________________
. 10
.31
0
0)
$28.14 $23. 54 $26.06 $27. 86 $36. 21
17.39 13.03 16. 88 16. 72 23. 87
7. 52
7. 15
6. 93
8.11
7.33
3. 23
3. 36
2. 25
3.03
5.01
134
15
34
10
1
2
35
2
5
61
4
19
28
8
8
G ifts and C on trib u tion s
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts___
212
54
81
77
Support of relatives_____________
46
14
13
19
Support of other persons____ . . .
8
46
22
16
Average expenditure per family for
contributions and gifts to persons
outside economic family, total____ $22. 52 $14.08 $16. 53 $38.90
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts___ 13. 61
6. 86 11.00 23. 97
Support of relatives— ________
4. 32 13. 56
7. 93
6.91
Support of other persons __
1. 21
1. 37
.98
.31
$16.68
11.14
3. 38
2.16
$3.18 $11. 25 $16. 27 $38. 33
2. 83
8.58 12. 46 19. 59
.15
1. 77
.57 15. 45
.20
.90
3. 24
3.29
M i s c e l l a n e o u s E x p e n d it u r e s
Number of families spending for—
Funerals____ ____ _____ _________
3
Legal costs................... ........... . .
5
Gardens_________________ _____
26
Fam ily losses__________ __ __ _ _
4
Average expenditure per family for
miscellaneous items, total______ $3.62
Funerals_____________ ______ . . .
1. 25
Legal costs. __________________
1.11
Gardens___________ _ . . . _. . . .
.46
Fam ily losses___________________
.28
Other___ _______ _______ _____
.52
1
Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 461.
1
1
7
0
1
1
11
1
1
3
8
3
3
0
7
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
$3.16
2.79
. 10
. 12.
0
.15
$4.24
.16
2.40
.60
.37
.71
$3.28
1.01
.52
.64
.44
.67
$9.63
8.80
0
. 17
0
.66
$1. 21
0
0
. 15
0
1.06
$0.65
0
0
.02
0
.63
1
0
3
0
2
0
2
0
$2. 45 $47. 67
1. 38 47. 54
0
0
.28
.13
0
0
.79
0
TABULAR SUMM ARY
383
T a b l e 16. — Formal
education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions,
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level— Continued
S P R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fami
lies
Economic level—F a m i 1 i e s
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
F o r m a l E d u c a tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
Families in survey_______ _____ _________ _____ _____ _____
Number of families spending for—
Members away from home__________________________ ____
Members at home_______ ________ _______________ __
248
81
99
68
4
34
0
14
2
15
2
5
Average expenditure per family for formal education, to t a l___
For members away from hom e___________ _______________
For members at hom e_______________________ __________ _
$6. 65
2. 35
4.30
$3. 63
0
3. 63
$4. 60
1.30
3.30
$13. 26
6. 70
6. 56
Number of families spending for—
Union dues or fees_______________________________________
Professional association dues or fees_______________________
Technical literature___ _
___________ ____________ _ _
65
5
3
25
0
1
25
4
2
15
1
0
Average expenditure per family for vocational items, to ta l.. __
Union dues or fees. . . . __ _ ________________ _____ ______
Professional association dues or fees_________________ _____
Technical literature___ __ __ _
__________________ . . .
Other items of vocational expense_____ ______ ____ ______ _
$3.91
3. 68
.17
.05
.01
$3. 51
3.49
0
.02
0
$3. 40
2. 95
.33
.09
.03
$5.11
4. 96
. 15
0
0
Number of families spending for—
Religious organizations___ ______________ _____ _______
Community chest and other organizations____ _______ _
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property... __________
206
145
231
65
36
77
87
57
94
54
52
60
Average expenditure per family for community welfare, total. _
Religious organizations. ________ . . . ____ __________ _
Community chest and other organizations___ _ ________
Taxes: Poll, income, and personal property_______________
$24.84
19.13
3.47
2. 24
$20. 36
16. 53
1.52
2.31
$26. 27
19. 60
4.53
2.14
$28.10
21.55
4. 26
2. 29
Number of families spending for—
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts___ ___________ ._ _____
Support of relatives. _____ _______________
_______
Support of other persons.______________ _
______ . . . . .
155
38
29
39
11
9
64
9
15
52
18
5
Average expenditure per family for contributions and gifts to
persons outside economic family, total . . .
Christmas, birthday, etc., g ifts._____
_______ ._
Support of relatives______ . . . ____________ . . . ---- . . .
Support of other persons____ _ __ _ ______ ___ _ _
$21. 20
10. 92
9. 47
.81
$12. 34
6. 27
5. 59
.48
$14. 48
9.01
4.87
.60
$41. 55
19.22
20.80
1. 53
Number of families spending for—
Funerals____ _____
_____________ ______ ____________ _
Legal costs__ _ _ __ _ _ _ ______________ . . . . . . .
Gardens. _ ___
__ ______________ . . . . . . . . . . ___
Fam ily losses._______ _ ___ _ _____ . . . _. ______ _____
3
5
22
3
0
3
8
1
0
0
11
0
3
2
3
2
Average expenditure per family for miscellaneous items, total..
Funerals_____ . . .
____ _ _ . . . ___ _
_
Legal costs_________________
____
. . . ____ ___
Gardens_______ _________________________ ________ ..
Fam ily losses______ _____ _____ _
___ ______
Other _
_ _ _ _ _ _ ...
_______
$5.91
3. 26
.43
.59
.58
1.05
$2. 87
0
.47
.87
.03
1.50
$0. 63
0
0
.63
0
0
$17.19
11.89
1.00
.18
2. 07
2. 05
V o ca tio n E x p e n d it u r e s
C o m m u n it y W e lfa r e E x p e n d it u r e s
G ifts a nd C o n trib u tio n s
M i s c e lla n e o u s E x p e n d it u r e s
Notes on this table are in appendix A. p. 461.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
384
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R EG IO N —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Item
All fam
ilies
E conom ic le v e l—F am ilies
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
C lothing E x p en d itu r e s
I. Number of families in survey______ ____ _____________ ___
Average number of clothing expenditure units per fam ily___
Number of families spending for—
Ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and accessories______
Yard goods and findings----------------------------------Paid help for sewing__________________ _____ _________
Number of families reporting clothing received as gifts______
3,193
2.98
1,285
3.74
1,138
2.67
770
2.14
3,188
1, 558
117
1, 756
1,284
662
28
707
1,134
522
31
604
770
374
58
445
Average expenditure per family for clothing----------------Ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and accessories.. .
Yard goods and findings_____ ______ ____ _____________ _
Paid help for sewing. __ _ ____ ______________________
Average value per family of clothing received as gifts 1______
$155. 24
152.13
2.92
.19
9.29
$133.12
130. 29
2.76
.07
9.85
$158.36
155.20
2.98
.18
8.61
$187. 52
184.01
3.11
.40
9. 36
II. Number of families having men 18 years of age and over 2__
Number of men 18 years of age and over 2______________ _ _
Average number of men 18 years of age and over per family
having such men 2_____. . . _ _________________________
Number of families having boys 12 through 17 years of age 2.
Number of boys 12 through 17 years of age 2_______________
Average number of boys 12 through 17 years of age per family
having such boys 2. _ _ _____________ . . . __________
Number of families having boys 6 through 11 years of age 2. .
Number of boys 6 through 11 years of age 2_______________
Average number of boys 6 through 11 years of age per family
having such boys 2___
_________ ____
______ _
Number of families having boys 2 through 5 years of age 2__
Number of boys 2 through 5 years of age 2___________ _____
Average number of boys 2 through 5 years of age per family
having such boys 2_________ _________ . . . . ___ __
Number of families having women 18 years of age and over 2_
Number of women 18 years of age and over 2______________
Average number of women 18 years of age and over per family
having such women 2__________________ _______. . . _ _
Number of families having girls 12 through 17 years of age 2__
Number of girls 12 through 17 years of age 2_____
________
Average number of girls 12 through 17 years of age per family
having such girls 2___ __ ____ . . . ________ _______ _
Number of families having girls 6 through 11 years of age 2___
Number of girls 6 through 11 years of age 2_____ ______ . . .
Average number of girls 6 through 11 years of age per family
having such girls 2_ ---- ---------------------------------___
Number of families having girls 2 through 5 years of age 2
Number of girls 2 through 5 years of age 2
_________________
Average number of girls 2 through 5 years of age per family
having such girls 2. ___ _______ _____________________
_
Number of families having infants under 2 years of age 3___ _
Number of infants under 2 years of age 3___ _____________
Average number of infants under 2 years of age per family
having infants 3_________________ ___ _______
___ _
3,076
3,835
1, 253
1,708
1,095
1,320
728
807
1. 25
563
690
1. 36
406
522
1. 21
126
137
1.11
31
31
1.23
592
704
1.29
401
497
1.09
164
179
1.00
27
28
1.19
428
477
1.24
262
304
1.09
134
140
1.04
32
33
1.11
3,177
4,157
1.16
1, 281
1,804
1.04
1,130
1,447
1.03
766
906
1.31
578
693
1.41
416
517
1.28
135
148
1.18
27
28
1.20
626
757
1.24
432
542
1.10
159
179
1.04
35
36
1.21
423
457
1.25
248
272
1.13
145
155
1.03
30
30
1.08
379
396
1.10
188
199
1.07
145
151
1.00
46
46
1.04
1.06
1.04
1.00
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of clothing reported received by
20 families but for which they could not estimate the value.
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 week .
3 Infants 1 to 2 years of age are included only if dependent on family funds for 52 weeks; those under 1
year of age are included regardless of number of weeks dependent on family funds.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
385
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R EG IO N —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
III. C lo t h in g , men and boys 18
years of age and over:2
Total_________ ________ ___ _
Hats: Felt__________________
Straw_________________
Caps: Wool_____________ ____
Other-------------------Overcoats______________ _____
T o p co a ts__ _
____________
R aincoats_______ ______ _
Jackets: Heavy fabric____ _ _
Leather
. . ______
Other_______________
Sweaters: H eavy__________ _.
Light______________
Suits: Heavy wool____________
Lightweight wool- _ . .
Cotton, linen___ _____
Palm Beach__________
O th er _______________
Trousers: Wool.- _______ ____
Cotton_____________
Other.
. ________
Overalls, coveralls.
.. _____
Shirts:
Cotton, work_______________
Cotton and other, dress ____
Wool______________________
Underwear:
Suits, cotton, k n it ..------- -woven . . . ___
cotton and wool _____
rayon and silk--- -----Undershirts, c o tto n --------cotton and wool _
rayon and silk ...
Shorts, cotton ______
rayon and silk_______
Drawers, cotton and wool___
Pajamas and nightshirts. _ ._
Shoes: Street------------- -----Work_________________
Canvas________ _______
Other___________ _____
Boots: Rubber___________ ..
L ea th e r ____ __________
A rctics___ _ _________ ____
Rubbers. . . . ---- -- --------Shoe: R e p a ir s________ _ _
Shines________ _______
Hose: Cotton, heavy----------dress_ ____ . . .
_
R ayon.. ____ ______
Silk___________________
Wool__________________
Gloves: Work, cotton_________
other----------Street, leather--------other__________
Ties______________ ____ _____
Collars_______________________
Bathing suits, sun su its._______
Handkerchiefs. ______ ______
Accessories_____________ ____
Bathrobes________________ ..
Cleaning, repairing
Other._______ ________________
Av. articles purchased
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
All
All
All
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
ilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
D o l. D o l.
43.96
1.50
.37
.20
.05
3. 47
1.39
.14
.37
.28
.06
.47
.27
5.10
4.73
.15
.05
.26
1.10
.49
.11
.76
29. 54
.98
.21
.17
.05
2. 32
.58
.08
.32
.20
.04
.36
.20
3.04
2. 96
.11
.01
.08
.95
.42
.10
.59
D o l.
D o l.
46.68
1. 65
.40
.19
.05
3.22
1. 52
.16
.41
.30
.06
.54
.30
5.10
5. 56
.14
.06
.23
1.18
.56
.12
.82
69. 80
2. 36
.68
.26
.05
6.33
2. 87
.26
.39
.43
.12
.57
.36
9.47
7.11
.27
.11
.68
1.28
.53
. 12
1.01
1,766
752
622
210
588
286
121
331
175
63
568
508
763
817
44
13
31
1, 039
659
135
890
602
225
266
88
204
68
35
140
61
22
235
199
234
258
11
3
8
460
287
60
362
665
283
212
73
192
108
47
127
62
21
213
192
266
328
14
6
9
367
242
45
326
499 0.50 0.37 0. 55 0.68
.20 .13 .22 .31
244
144
.20 .18 .19 .25
.08 .09 .07 .09
49
.15 .12 .15 .24
192
.07 .04 .08 .14
110
.03 .02 .04 .05
39
.09 .08 .10 .08
64
.05 .04 .05 .06
52
.02 .02 .02 .03
20
.16 .14 .17 .16
120
.15 .13 .16 .17
117
.21 .14 .20 .35
263
.22 .15 .20 .30
231
.01 .01 .01 .03
19
4 (4)
.01 .01
0)
.01 .01 .01 .02
14
.34 .32 .35 .37
212
.27 .25 .31 .27
130
.05 .05 .05 .05
30
.50 .44 .53 .56
202
1,443
2,403
129
638
949
39
515
882
49
290
572
41
1.06 .94 1.16 1.17
2.05 1. 51 2.24 2.90
.08 .04 .09 .14
.97 .79 1.06 1.19
2.62 1.68 2. 87 4.18
.11 .06 .13 .19
722 298 254
394 154 135
574 251 195
35
5
16
1, 316 512 495
318 143 112
19
73
31
1,496 598 562
32
8
13
277 118 102
901 233 366
2,950 1,208 1,056
1,145 526 402
105
37
42
158
40
61
136
62
49
22
6
10
271
83 104
1, 353 502 499
1,904 783 671
313
57 111
1, 452 688 509
1, 690 787 590
876 334 308
395
70 166
390 136 138
721 344 249
161
68
54
803 236 310
54
113
36
2,245 845 831
41
72
195
47
65
188
1, 621 664 588
323 110 107
12
32
96
1, 979 643 759
170
105
128
14
309
63
23
336
11
57
302
686
217
26
57
25
6
84
352
450
145
255
313
234
159
116
128
39
257
23
569
82
76
369
106
52
577
.47 .39 .49 .60
.26 .19 .26 .41
.35 .30 .34 .44
.03 .01 .03 .06
1.21 .94 1.30 1.60
.25 .23 .28 .25
.06 .04 .08 .09
1.40 1.10 1.55 1.80
.03 .02 .03 .05
.21 .18 .23 .23
.41 .21 .46 .76
1.20 1.02 1.27 1.49
.42 .41 .44 .39
.03 .03 .03 .03
.04 .02 .05 .08
.04 .04 .05 .03
.01 U)
.01 .01
.07 .05 .08 . 11
.40 .35 .42 .49
.52 .39 .53 .77
.30 .21 .31 .47
.49 .39 .48 .70
.03 .01 .03 .06
.43 .29 .48 .63
.15 . 11 . 15 .22
.03 .02 .04 .06
.50 .35 .57 .70
.02 .01 .01 .03
.14 .10 .15 .21
.54 .25 .59 1.09
4. 70 3.40 5. 05 6. 85
1.27 1.17 1.34 1.35
.05 .03 .05 .07
.11 .05 .11 .23
. 11 .10 .13 . 10
.02 .01 .01 .04
.17 .11 . 19 .29
.44 .35 .48 .59
1.07 .87 1.09 1. 45
.23 .06 .23 .60
.86 .85 .90 .83
.89 .75 .96 1.05
.53 .35 .57 .82
.24 .06 .27 .55
.21 .15 .21 .32
.38 .38 .40 .34
.09 .07 .10 . 12
.41 .21 .45 .76
.04 .03 .04 .04
1.29 .70 1.43 2. 30
.08 .03 .08 .19
.13 .06 .12 .30
.41 .28 .45 .63
.08 .05 .06 . 16
.12 .03 .08 .37
1.61 .81 1. 67 3.18
.25 .15 .24 .51
4.18
4.00
2.24
.64
.50
1.69
.14
.24
.03
2.56
.30
.05
4. 53
4.37
3.80
1.71
.20
.43
1. 76
.11
.15
.04
1.75
.11
.03
3.87
4. 21
4.09
2. 31
.76
.48
1.79
.19
.26
.03
2.79
.30
.05
4.78
3. 72
4. 27
3.22
1.38
.66
1.36
.14
.37
.03
3.91
.60
.11
5. 55
.03
.01
.02
.07
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
i Less than 0.005 article.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
386
T a b l e 1 7 . — Clothing
expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R EGION—W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
Av. articles pur
chased per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
All
expenditure
expenditure
All
expenditure
All
fam- unit per year fam unit per year fam- unit per year
ilies
ilies
ilies
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
IV. Clothing, boys 12 to 17:2
Total
_______________________
11 0.16 0.12 0.23 0.41
105
63
31
Hats: Felt---------------- -----2
.02 .01 .04 .06
14
5
7
Straw__________________
17
.40 .39 .37 .75
224 168
39
Caps: Wool__________________
2
.07 .06 .09 . 10
11
43
30
Other____ _____________
.14 .11 .22 .26
8
28
94
58
Overcoats____________________
1
.02 .02 .01 .03
2
12
15
Topcoats_____________________
4
.07 .03 .20 .12
28
48
16
Raincoats----------------------44
7
.26 .24 .32 .24
176 125
Jackets: H eavy fa b ric________
5
18
.10 .09 .13 . 16
Leather---------------69
46
5
1 .03 .02 .05 .01
12
18
Other________________
12
.37 .35 .46 .42
49
220 159
Sweaters: H eavy------------ -.39 .33 .58 .54
212 142
57
13
L ight______________
4
0
3
1
.01 .01 .04 0
Playsuits: Wool knit__________
.04
Cotton suede_______
4
1
.01 .01 0
5
0
2
.02 .01 .01 .15
Other. __ ___ __ __
8
4
2
12
114
71
31
. 17 . 14 .23 .44
Suits: H eavy wool. _______ _
12
Lightweight wool______
45
.27 .23 .35 .43
175 118
2
.01 .01 .01 .07
Cotton, linen_ ________
_
6
2
2
Palm Beach____________
2
.01 (4)
3
0
1 (4) 0
7
4
0
Other__________________
3
.01 .01 .02 0
321 222
79
20
.75 .70 .93 1. 01
Trousers: W ool_______________
Cotton______________
187 140
37
10
.46 .46 .44 .60
2
Other_________ _
.
48
30
16
. 10 .07 .20 (4)
4
66
.20 .19 .21 .30
20
Overalls, coveralls____________
90
Shirts and blouses:
4
.49 .44 .68 .54
Cotton, w ork.. ___________
94
69
21
Cotton and other, dress______
23 2.58 2.38 2.99 4.11
466 343 100
.04 .04 .04 0
7
0
Wool . .
_____ _______ ____
3
10
Underwear:
.38 .38 .43 .23
88
19
3
Suits, cotton, kn it____ ______
110
woven______ _
5
56
.23 .24 .19 .42
71
10
cotton and wool. __ _ _
14
76
93
3
.33 .34 .27 .34
rayon and silk ... ____
.02 .01 .04 0
6
3
3
0
74
19 1. 45 1.20 2.08 2.82
Undershirts, cotton___ ____
282 189
cotton and wool.24 .25 . 19 .24
41
7
3
51
rayon and silk . _
.04 .01 .04 .52
2
1
6
3
Shorts, cotton._
___ ____
19 1. 61 1. 37 2.28 2.76
82
323 222
rayon and silk_______
2
.04 .01 .02 .52
1
6
3
Drawers, cotton and wool____
2
28
8
. 17 .15 .23 .21
38
Pajamas and nightshirts_____
84
.39 .26 .69 1.16
159
57
18
Shoes: Street.._____ _ ______
30
643 490 123
Work__________. . .
38
29
9
0
Canvas_______ _ _____
15
237 161
61
.53 .45 .75 .88
9
O th er________ ____
.08 .06 . 10 .31
43
23
11
Boots: Rubber ______________
.02 .01 .03 . 14
13
7
3
3
Leather__________ _____
12
9
0
.02 .02 .02 0
3
Arctics_______________________
6
.07 .06 .08 .20
46
29
11
R u b b er s____________________
23
289 197
69
.48 .43 .60 .83
Shoe: Repairs ______________
344 242
85
17
1
1
3
Shines _______________
5
Hose: Cotton, heavy__________
12 4.25 4.03 4. 92 5.13
275 202
61
dress___________
18 4. 91 4. 86 5.04 5.23
322 245
59
R ayon_____ _________
38 1. 33 1.11 2.18 1.24
124
63
23
Silk___________________
2
.15 .09 .29 .48
6
5
13
6
.24 .17 .39 .77
Wool_______ ___________
29
21
56
Gloves: Work, cotton_________
4
56
39
13
.12: .10 .16 .27
other...................
14
7
1 .02: .02 .05 .03
6
Street, leather .............
92
16
.25 .19 .43 .56
163
55
other__________
8
110i 83 .19
.20' .18 .22 .50
T ies_________________________
21 2.16i 1.76 3.28 4.01
359 245
93
Collars............ ..............................
4
2
1
1
.01 .01 .01 .06
Bathing suits, sun suits_______
72
12
117
33
.181 .15 .24 .40
Handkerchiefs ______________
245i 176
55
14 3.16i 2.88 4.02! 4.15
Accessories_________ __________
5
48; 30i 13
Bathrobes____________________
15;
5
3
.02! .01 .04 .10
7
Cleaning, repairing___________
154
74
60i 20
Other_____ __________________
1
____
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
4 Less than 0.005 article.
8 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
32.92 27.80 45. 55 63.86
.34 .25 .60 .74
.03 .02 .07 .10
.27 .26 .25 .49
.04 .04 .05 .05
1. 77 1.28 3.19 3. 82
.23 .21 . 19 .68
.21 .11 .53 .46
.91 .82 1.29 .87
.48 .40 .67 1.00
.08 .08 . 11 .04
.76 .62 1.14 1. 31
.56 .45 .94 .84
.01 .01 .04 0
.07
.02 .02 0
.02 .01 .01 .21
2. 52 1.93 3.68 7.27
3. 61 3.04 4. 92 7.44
.04 .02 .07 .31
.04 0
. 11 .32
.07 .06 . 10 0
1. 72 1.45 2. 43 3.17
.67 .66 .66 .94
.20 .14 .42 . 16
.19 .18 .18 .30
.39 .34 .61 .33
2.15 1.92 2.64 3. 96
.03 .02 .04 0
.31 .28 .39 .22
.18 . 18 .15 .28
.25 .26 . 17 .35
.01 .01 .02 0
.40 .32 .60 .82
.08 .09 .04 .11
.01 .01 .01 .13
.47 .39 .70 .80
.01 .01 .01 .13
.05 .05 .06 .09
.42 .25 .84 1. 33
6.13 5. 62 7.19 10.09
.21 .20 . 30 0
.47 .38 .71 .95
. 14 .09 .22 .64
.03 .02 .05 . 14
.05 .05 .10 0
.13 .10 .17 .46
.46 .40 .62 .89
1. 32 1.16 1. 77 2.13
.02 . 01 . 03 .05
.98 .93 1.09 1. 35
1.00 .94 1.08 1.52
.26 .19 .54 .34
.04 .02 .09 .08
. 12 .08 .21 .53
.05 .04 .07 .12
.02 .01 .03 .03
.29 .20' .50 .80
. 12 .101 .12 .39
.60 .44 1.04 1. 34
.01 .02
(5)
(5)
.26; .17 .46 .85
.20i .17' .28 .35
.04: .03! .08 . 12
.051 .031 .08: .21
.35 i .19i .76 1.32
.03; .04: .02! 0
387
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R EG IO N —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
V. Clothing, boys 6 to 11:2
T otal............ .............. ..................
Hats: F elt__________ ____ ____
Straw__________________
Caps: Wool— ___________
.
Other. ________ _______
Overcoats_____ _____________
Topcoats_____________________
R aincoats____________ _______
Jackets: Heavy fabric ................
Leather. ____________
Other. ______________
Sweaters: H eavy_____________
Light______________
Play suits: Wool knit_________
Cotton suede______
Other. __ _______
Suits: Heavy wool. _ _________
Lierhtweight, wool
Cotton, linen___________
Palm Beach__________ _
Other. ________________
Trousers: W o o l. . . _______
Cotton___________ _
Other.. . _____ ___
Overalls, coveralls_____
Shirts and blouses:
Cotton and other except wool.
W ool_________________ _____
Underwear:
Suits, cotton, knit__________
woven__ _ __
cotton and wool. ____
rayon and silk____ __
Undershirts, cotton________
cotton and woolrayon and silk...
Shorts, cotton___ . . . ____
rayon and silk_____ _
Drawers, cotton and wool____
Pajamas and nightshirts_____
Shoes: Street. . .
________ _
Canvas____________ _
Other. . . . . . ________
Boots: Rubber_____ _______ _
Leather _ __________
Arctics____________________ _
Rubbers__________________
Shoe: Repairs______________
Shines_________________
Hose: Cotton, heavy___ _
__
dress___________
R ayon_________________
Silk___________________
Wool__________________
Gloves: Cotton______. . . __
Leather___________ _
Other________________
Ties_____ ____ _______________
Collars.____ _____________ . . .
Bathing suits, sun suits_______
Handkerchiefs________________
Accessories............. .................. .
Bathrobes....................................
Cleaning, repairing___________
Other............................................
Av. articles pur
chased per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
ilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
2
217
49
61
10
11
90
49
13
126
136
23
12
21
62
78
44
1
12
182
120
33
129
9
2
97
30
39
18
21
40
19
6
78
73
17
14
10
37
38
23
1
6
79
52
29
54
4
0
20
5
11
2
9
7
3
2
12
9
1
0
1
10
4
12
1
1
10
5
2
15
0.04 6.02 0.06 0.14
.01 .01 .01 0
.59 .51 .75 .94
.14 .10 .21 .36
.16 .12 .22 .39
.04 .02 .10 .08
.06 .02 .12 .32
.21 .18 .25 .30
.10 .10 .11 .10
.03 .03 .03 .08
.37 .30 .54 .72
.39 .35 .52 .30
.09 .06 .18 .04
.08 .04 .20 0
.11 .08 .20 .04
.19 .14 .29 .35
.19 . 17 .26 . 13
.30 .24 .30 1. 26
.01 .01 .01 .04
.04 .03 .06 .04
.73 .68 .88 .63
.49 .42 .64 .67
.15 .09 .32 . 12
.51 .45 .59 1.00
25. 65 21.33 35.04 48.80
.04 .03 .07 .12
.01 0
(5)
(5)
.36 .30 .49 .75
.08 .05 .14 .18
1.11 .75 1. 71 3. 72
.21 .09 .48 .55
.18 .05 .39 1.09
.60 .52 .77 .95
.41 .35 .60 .39
.10 .09 . 10 .32
.58 .43 .92 1.05
.45 .37 .65 .60
.23 .16 .42 .15
.10 .05 .26 0
.17 .13 .26 .24
1.13 .84 1.66 2.74
1.15 1. 01 1. 59 .77
.39 .29 .48 1.58
.02 .01 .01 .28
.11 .11 .10 .13
1.09 .95 1.47 1.11
.54 .45 .78 .67
.19 .12 .38 .20
.37 .32 .45 .77
484
24
308
13
151
8
25
3
2.82 2.33 3.89 4. 77
.10 .08 .10 .45
1.86 1.44 2.74 3. 75
.07 .05 .09 .40
245
130
169
7
104
20
3
115
2
11
210
648
212
60
41
23
152
271
267
4
351
332
21
2
76
81
107
261
303
3
112
195
44
34
56
154
86
115
4
72
16
1
86
1
8
102
458
146
41
27
17
78
173
175
1
241
215
13
0
39
53
54
181
187
2
52
117
31
15
17
75
36
46
3
30
4
2
27
1
3
88
163
58
15
12
6
60
81
74
2
98
100
6
2
29
25
42
65
97
1
48
61
10
16
28
16
8
8
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
20
27
8
4
2
0
14
17
18
1
12
17
2
0
8
3
11
15
19
0
12
17
3
3
11
.86 .71 1.11 1. 87
.46 .39 .59 1.00
.63 .58 .75 .74
.03 .02 .08 0
.39 .36 .51 .21
.08 .08 .07 0
.01 .01 .03 0
.43 .43 .45 .21
.01 .01 .01 0
.04 .05 .04 0
.48 .36 1.01 1.50
3.03 2.87 3.26 4.27
.49 .47 .53 .56
.13 .12 .18 .14
.06 .05 .07 .08
.04 .04 .03 0
.22 .16 .34 .51
.44 .40 .50 .71
.56 .74 .77 1.46
.31 .25 .42 .55
.41 .35 .56 .69
.02 .01 .07 0
.10 .09 . 15 .08
.03 .03 .04 0
.01 (s)
.01 0
.11 .11 .12 .08
.01 0
(5)
(5)
.02 .02 .01 0
.46 .28 .86 1. 21
6.17 5.50 7. 22 11.52
.38 .34 .44 .63
.20 .19 .23 .13
. 11 .09 . 16 .12
.08 ,09 .09 0
.32 .23 .50 .84
.37 .33 .43 .69
.82 .73 .92 1.84
.01 (5)
.03 (5)
1.19 1.08 1.53 .90
.94 .90 1.06 1.06
.03 .02 .05 .10
.01 0
(5) 0
. 18 .11 .28 .81
.06 .05 .07 .03
.13 .08 .25 .33
.23 .21 .26 .43
.30 .22 .47 .66
.01 0
(8)
(6)
.18 .11 .32 .57
.14 .09 .23 .36
.03 .02 .03 .08
.09 .06 . 14 .22
.11 .03 .24 .86
.01 .01 .03 .05
25
4
334
84
111
30
41
137
71
21
216
218
41
26
32
109
120
79
3
19
271
177
64
198
12
5.28
4. 38
.14
.01
.49
.15
.20
.56
1.62
.01
.16
2. 35
5.07
4.20
.10
0
.30
.14
.13
.52
1. 27
(4)
.11
1.84
6.14
4. 76
.18
.05
.78
.20
.34
.64
2.37
.02
.27
3.26
3. 54
5.05
.59
0
1.92
.10
.56
.83
3.16
0
.41
5. 48
.05
.03
.09
.09
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
4 Less than 0.005 article.
8 Less than 0-5 cent,
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
388
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R E G IO N —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
IV . Clothing, boys 2 to 5 years: 2
Total__________________________
Hats: Felt___________________
Straw__________________
Caps: Wool__________________
Other__________________
Overcoats____________________
Topcoats_____________________
Raincoats____________________
Jackets: Heavy fabric-________
Leather______________
Other________________
Sweaters: H eavy_____________
Light______________
Play suits: Wool knit_________
Cotton suede______
Other_____________
Suits: H eavy wool____________
Lightwxight wool______
Cotton, linen___________
Palm Beach____________
Other__________________
Trousers: Wool_______________
Cotton_____________
Other______________
Overalls, coveralls____________
Shirts and blouses:
Cotton and other, except wool_
W ool______________________
Underwear:
Suits, cotton, knit__________
woven________
cotton and wool_______
rayon and silk________
Undershirts, cotton_________
cotton and w ool_
rayon and silk.__
Shorts, cotton______________
rayon and silk_______
Drawers, cotton and wool____
Pajamas and nightshirts_____
Shoes: Street_________________
Canvas________________
Other_________________
Boots: Rubber_______________
Leather_______________
Arctics_______________________
Rubbers_____________________
Shoe: Repairs_______________
Shines_________________
Hose: Cotton, heavy__________
dress____ ______
R ayon______________
Silk___________________
Wool__________________
Gloves: Cotton_______________
Leather______________
Other________________
Ties____ =
.____________________
Collars______ ________________
Bathing suits, sun suits_______
Handkerchiefs________________
Accessories___________________
Bathrobes____________________
Cleaning, repairing____________
Other________________________
Av. articles purchased
per person
Average expenditure
per person
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fam unit per year
ilies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fam unit per year
ilies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
Economic
level—Families
spending per
expenditure
All
fam unit per year
ilies
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
No
16
7
133
36
71
27
5
13
4
5
102
104
130
49
73
43
66
175
2
21
21
15
4
163
8
3
74
18
39
10
3
8
3
3
58
58
62
18
43
23
36
116
2
7
12
7
2
118
4
4
44
16
21
15
2
3
0
1
35
38
53
26
27
16
23
45
0
9
8
8
2
30
67
0
35
0
25
0
162
81
109
6
25
27
1
20
3
18
202
425
38
50
16
4
126
94
64
0
197
231
34
11
47
18
41
141
34
0
105
48
15
21
33
99
45
62
4
14
14
0
13
1
8
111
263
24
30
9
2
59
44
33
0
127
135
18
6
22
14
19
79
18
0
49
29
10
8
12
47
28
33
2
9
11
1
6
0
9
70
129
10
15
6
2
46
32
21
0
51
81
13
2
16
3
18
46
15
0
38
14
4
8
15
N o.
N o.
N o.
No.
7
0
0
.49
.99
16
8
.45
14
.61
.04
0
2
.22
2
. 19
0 l4)
1 .18
2
.04
1
. 16
21
.92
33 2. 65
4
. 12
. 17
5
1
.03
.01
0
21
.27
18
.20
10
0
19 3. 56
15 3.76
3
.36
3
.15
9
.45
1
.05
4
.10
16
.36
1
.21
0 0
.35
18
5
.68
1
5
.05
6
0
0
.38
.87
.36
.54
.04
. 19
. 17
0
.64
.94
.60
.58
.04
.23
.23
.01
.16
. 16
. 04 0
. 12 .24
.72 1.09
2. 49 2.86
.11 . 16
.13 .26
.03 .05
.0J .02
.20 .35
. 15 .23
0
.84
2.35
.66
1. 34
0
.54
.27
0
.45
.27
. 12
1.95
3.19
.13
. 16
.04
0
.62
.54
3. 60 3.00 5. 55
3. 36 4.79 3.14
.27 .53 .47
.10 .07 1.03
.34 .52 1.10
.06 .03 .04
.08 .15 .15
.31 .39 .66
.16 .34 .17
0
0
0
.21 .43 1.26
.69 .48 1.49
.03
.06
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
i Less than 0.005 article.
'
5 Less than 0.5" cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.:
No.
0.04 0.03 0.04 6. II
0
.01 .01 .03
0
.32 .27 .33 .80
15
2
.10 .06 .17 .09
11
. 15 . 13 .15 .35
2
.06 .03 . 11 .06
0
0
.01 .01 .02
2
.03 .03 .04 .05
1
.03
.01 .01
0
1
.01 .01 .01 .04
9
.27 .22 .33 .44
8
.30 .23 .42 .41
.39 .29 .51 .71
15
.27 .13 .49 .55
5
.39 .42 .37 .14
3
4
.13 .09 .19 .21
7
.23 .21 .24 .33
14 1. 45 1.34 1.22 3.45
.01 .02 0
0
0
5
.15 .07 .30 .27
1
.06 .06 .08 .04
.08 .07 .13 0
0
0
.01 .01 .03 0
15
.96 .92 .95 1.33
4
.20
Dol. D o l. D o l. D o l.
17.03 12.85 22. 07 32.28
.03 .01 .05 .12
.02 0
.01 (8
)
.19 .14 .21 .62
.06 .03 .11 .15
.74 .56 .85 1.83
.21 .11 .41 .24
.02 .01 .05 0
.06 .06 .04 . 13
.08
.02 .02 0
.02 .01 .01 .15
.35 .23 .53 .71
.28 .19 .43 .48
1.04 .68 1. 61 1. 97
.31 .15 .56 .68
.62 .59 .75 .29
.38 .26 .66 .27
.44 .28 .78 .46
1.33 1.02 1.43 3.70
0
.01 .02 0
.20 .08 .40 .45
.10 .08 .14 .15
.08 .07 .13 0
.01 (*)
.01 0
.55 .55 .52 .74
0
.25
.55
.27
.38
.02
.07
.07
(5)
.04
.01
.04
.65
4.30
.09
.16
.03
.02
.33
.15
.15
0
.72
.71
.07
.04
.14
.02
.06
. 16
.03
0
.21
.04
.01
.07
.06
.05
0
0
.18
0
.42
.19
.27
.01
.05
.06
.03
(5)
.02
.46
3.48
.07
.11
.02
.01
.23
.09
.13
0
.69
.60
.05
.02
.09
.02
.04
.12
.02
0
.10
.03
.01
.04
.03
.01
0
.33
.64
.38
.46
.04
.06
.10
.01
.03
.08
.82
5. 32
.14
.28
.06
.03
.44
.19
.13
0
.65
.94
.11
.02
.18
.01
.09
.20
.05
0
.30
.03
.01
.10
.08
.06
0
.63
1.44
.46
1.15
0
.24
. 13
0
. 11
.11
.04
1.72
5. 43
.13
.16
.05
0
.87
.49
.38
0
1.34
.79
.09
.38
.45
.01
.12
.38
.04
0
.86
.10
.01
.26
.24
.45
389
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
VII. Clothing, women and girls,
18 years of age and over:2
Total__________________________
Hats: F e l t __________________
Straw__________________
Fabric_________________
Caps and berets: W ool________
O th er_______
Coats: Heavy, plain__________
fur trimmed____
Fur___________________
Light, w ool.....................
cotton....... ...........
silk, rayon...........
Raincoats_____________ _______
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool kn it_____ _____ _______
Wool fabric.________ _____ _
Leather, leatherette. _. _
Other. ......................................
Suits: W ool........ ........................
Silk, rayon_____________
Other................... ............
Waists and middies;
Silk, rayon................................
Cotton.......... ....................... .
O th er..................................... .
Skirts: Wool_____ ___________
Other__________ ______
Dresses: Cotton, house________
street........ ......
Silk, rayon__________
W ool________________
Other______ _________
Aprons______________________
Coveralls______________ ______
Knickers, breeches, shorts_____
Underwear: Slips, c o t t o n .____
silk________
rayon______
Corsets, girdles___
Brassieres________
Union suits and
combinations:
Cotton_____ . . .
W ool___________
Silk, rayon___ .
Underwaists, shirts.
B lo o m e r s a n d
panties:
C o tto n ________
R ayon_________
Silk____________
Nightgowns and
sleeping paja
mas:
Cotton, light____
flannel. __
Silk, rayon_____
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
Cotton____ ________________
Silk, rayon_________________
Other______ _____ ______
Bathrobes____ _____ __________
Kimonos, negligees___ ________
Hose: S ilk .............. ...................
Rayon_______________
Cotton...............................
Wool__________________
Av. articles purchased
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All
unit per year
unit per year
fam unit per year
famfam
ilies
ilies U n $400 $600 ilies Un $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
2,792 1,033 1,023
1,819 590 701
886 279 327
158
83
35
52
18
16
372 147 120
478 167 176
131
5
83
465 152 163
84
35
19
24
3
11
118
27
49
N o.
736
528
280
40
18
105
135
43
150
30
10
42
557
205
21
44
357
95
86
188
84
9
14
104
17
22
212
77
6
16
144
41
31
157
44
6
14
109
37
33
413
204
28
491
58
1,971
1,266
2,318
608
151
845
82
70
855
1, 357
905
1,819
.1,066
136
79
8
202
26
777
514
830
191
50
318
28
15
430
394
386
565
407
148
78
9
170
18
728
446
894
240
40
304
28
20
288
553
321
741
400
129
47
11
119
14
466
306
594
177
61
223
26
35
137
410
198
513
259
349
191
408
544
136
60
148
217
126
68
136
206
87
63
124
121
242
1, 566
404
121
692
109
78
541
142
43
333
153
1,083
520
414
344
185
97
386
217
165
353
118
152
44
123
38
66
21
29
14
4
3
72
173
40
50
119
15
3, 300 1, 328 1,202
462 245 155
610 324 191
127
48
40
N o.
N o.
N o.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
N o.
0. 88 0. 67 0. 93 1. 21
.50 .36 .55 .71
.25 .17 .26 .38
.04 .05 .03 .05
.01 .01 .01 .02
.09 .08 .08 . 12
. 11 .09 .12 .15
.03 (4)
.06 .05
.11 .08 .11 .17
.02 .01 .02 .03
.01 (4)
.01 .01
.03 .01 .03 .05
.16
.06
.01
.01
.09
.02
.02
.12
.05
.01
.01
.06
.01
.01
.17
.07
(4)
.01
.10
.03
.02
.23
.06
.01
.02
. 12
.04
.04
.15 .11 .15 .24
.08 .07 .09 .08
.01 .01 .01 1.02
.13 .12 .13 . 15
.02 .02 .02 .02
1. 42 1. 26 1.48 1. 62
.63 .54 .68 .73
1. 01 .73 1.08 1.47
.18 .11 .19 .27
.06 .03 .03 .11
.63 .50 .69 .78
.04 .03 .04 .05
.03 .01 .02 .06
.45 .48 .43 .39
.71 .42 .83 1.10
.49 .45 .51 .52
.56 .38 .64 .79
.73 .61 .80 .84
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
50.94
1.71
.96
.43
.03
.01
1.82
3.78
1.38
1.64
.17
.06
.05
31. 99
1. 01
.53
.23
.03
(5)
1.40
2.29
.22
1.00
.08
.01
.02
54 58
1.82
1.09
.44
.02
.01
1. 81
4.15
1.19
1.74
.19
.05
.03
83.00
2. 92
1. 63
.82
.05
.02
2. 65
6.16
4. 01
2. 77
.30
.16
. 12
.35
.10
.02
.04
1.16
.20
.13
.23 .39 .55
.08 .11 .12
.01 .02 .03
.03 .03 .07
.64 1.34 1.93
.05 .23 .47
.05 .16 .24
.27 .16 .26 .48
.08 .06 .10 .10
.02 .01 .01 .05
.31 .26 .32 .41
.03 .03 .03 .05
1. 51 1.13 1. 61 2. 06
1.37 .93 1.60 1.85
5. 95 3.50 6. 48 10.00
.97 .52 1.06 1. 77
.34 . 16 .18 .98
.24 .18 .27 .32
.04 .03 .04. .07
.03 .01 .02 .08
.29 .28 .30 .28
.98 .48 1.12 1. 77
.42 .35 .45 .51
1. 65 .93 1. 86 2. 75
.33 .21 .36 .51
.28
.15
.43
.43
.16
.11
.29
.18
.11
.07
.18
.13
.18
.11
.29
.21
.21
.21
.50
.23
.17 .18 .17 . 15
1.43 1.29 1.56 1. 52
.33 .17 .34 .62
.07
.66
.25
.07
.54
.11
.07
.75
.25
.07
.75
.50
.41
.21
.24
.25
.15
.09
.48
.26
.26
.61
.23
.52
.22
. 10
.30
.33
.47
.21
.18
.19
.07
.25
.32
.35
.17
.08
.23
.11
.28
.27
.54
.25
.19
.62
.23
.34
41
.03 .02 .03 .06
16
.02 .01 .03 .02
.01
7 (4)
(4)
(4)
61
.04 .02 .05 .07
54
.03 .01 .04 .06
770 9. 55 8.06 9. 33 12. 87
62
.80 .93 .73 .66
.76 .91 .68 .57
95
39 1 .08 .06 .07 1 .12
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
4 Less than 0.005 article.
6 Less than 0.5 cent.
Average expenditure
per person
.05 .03 .05 .08
.03 .02 .04 .05
.01 .01 .01 .02
.15 .07 .16 .28
.07 .01 .08 . 17
6.29 4. 41 6. 71 9. 41
.33 .35 .32 .32
.20 .22 .19 . 16
.05 1 .04 1 .05 .09
390
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R E G IO N —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Average number of
articles purchased
per person
Persons purchasing
Item
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All unit per year
All
All
unit per year
unit per year
fam
fam
fam
ilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un- $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
VII. Clothing, women and girls 18
N o.
N o.
N o.
years of age and over2—Contd.
Shoes: Street_______ _______ 3,174 1, 341 1,115
Dress-------------------- 1,164 433 437
744 245 288
Sport____ _____ _______
House slippers________________ 1,006 335 400
1,727 655 630
66
5
25
Shines
_ ._
795 260 299
R u b b e r s ..__________________
856 290 315
Arctics, gaiters----------------Gloves: Cotton__________ _ __ 1,188 397 464
975 228 404
Leather__________ _ _
77 130
Other______________ _ 314
261
Bathing suits, sun suits ______
73 105
1,218 475 450
Handkerchiefs-____
11
2
1
Furs_________________________
84 113
319
Mufflers, scarfs_________ ____
Handbags, purses_____________ 1,573 519 610
315 107 113
Umbrellas____ _______
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc____ 1, 220 475 440
Cleaning, repairing. _________ 1, 571 426 643
Other... _____ _______ _
VIII. Clothing, girls 12 through 17
years of age: 4
T otal__________ ____ _______ _ _
332 215
97
Hats: Felt___________________
182 111
Straw. _______ _____ _
58
104
66
Fabric______ _________
29
Caps and berets: W ool.. _____
243 174
59
24
4
Other. ____
29
34
94
Coats: Heavy, plain __ _ _
137
fur trimmed____
75
46
22
Fur___________________
1
3
1
Light, wool____
.
26
77
47
cotton.
_ __
2
13
9
silk, rayon. _ ._
1
1
0
Play suits: Wool knit________
12
6
6
4
Cotton suede____ _
9
3
Other _______ . . .
26
15
9
Raincoats_____ _ __ .. . . . _ .
58
33
16
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool k n it.. _______ _____
188 130
46
Wool fabric __ _ . . . _______
97
65
27
Leather, leatherette .
___
12
11
26
Other.. ____ ______ __L ..
21
9
7
Suits: Wool_
_ _ ___ ____
95
49
35
Silk, rayon ___ ____
3
3
7
4
Other__________________
18
13
Waists and middies:
64
Silk, rayon. _____________
111
35
Cotton ... . _____ ______
152 100
38
6
2
3
Other .
_ ________ ____
229 157
59
Skirts: W ool.. ______________
12
19
7
Other_____ . -. .
71
Dresses: Cotton, house ____ _
90
16
street___ ____
343 240
87
Silk, rayon . _ _____
309 204
89
Wool _ _
119
75
35
Other_
_ ___ _
.
15
8
6
27
14
Aprons. .
. . . . _ _______
9
Coveralls._ _ _. ____________
9
5
4
24
Knickers, breeches, shorts_____
47
18
N o.
718
294
211
271
442
36
236
251
327
343
107
83
293
8
122
444
95
305
502
20
13
9
10
1
9
7
1
4
2
0
0
2
2
9
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
1.45 1.30 1.49 1.67
.43 .37 .45 .54
.22 .17 .24 .32
.31 .24 .35 .41
.19 .15 .21 .25
.21 .16 .22 .28
.39 .27 .43 .55
.29 . 15 .34 .49
. 10 .05 .10 .18
.07 .04 .08 .10
3.28 2.86 3. 55 3. 67
.01
C
4)
(4)
(4)
.09 .05 .09 .17
.53 .36 .58 .81
.08 .06 .08 .11
.58
.28
.16
.44
.05
.20
.11
.86 1.08
.42 .47
.22 .37
.57 .39
.02 .08
.23 .32
.15 .23
.01 .04
.18 .14
.02 .07
.01 0
.04 0
.03 .10
.07 .07
.12 .33
.02
(4)
.02
.02
.04
.09
.47
.23
.14
.40
.06
.18
.09
(4)
.09
.02
0
.01
.01
.03
.06
12
5
3
5
11
1
1
.34
.18
.04
.04
.14
.01
.03
.29
.16
.02
.02
. 10
.01
.03
.48
.27
.07
.06
.25
.02
.03
12
14
1
13
0
3
16
16
9
1
4
0
5
.25
.38
.01
.41
.03
.18
.33
(4)
.35
.03
.40 .63
.50 .79
.02 (4)
.56 .66
.06 0
.08
.01
. 12
.05
.01
.07
. 15 .21
.03 0
.21 .41
(*)
. 11
2 Includes only persons dependent o d family funds for 52 weeks.
4 Less than 0.005 article.
5 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
.56
.17
. 12
.25
.39
.04
.04
D o l.
D o l.
5. 01
1.54
.60
.28
.66
.02
.19
.29
.29
.51
.09
.18
.28
.04
.08
.70
.17
. 14
1.07
. 17
37.09 29.20
.71 .53
.37 .27
.19 .14
.26 .23
.03 .03
2. 35 1.93
1.60 1.28
.14 .07
1.12 .86
.10 .07
(5) 0
.07 .03
.03 .02
.08 .05
.13 .09
.56
.34
. 14
.06
1. 28
.06
.08
.32
.32
.01
.82
.05
.31
1.92
2.46
. 70
. 12:
.02!
.02
. 11
D o l.
3. 68 5. 40
1.10 1.61
.39 .63
. 18 .31
. 50 .73
.02
(5)
.13 .21
.20 .31
. 18 .32
.22 .59
.04 .10
.09 .22
.18 .32
(5)
(5)
.04 .08
.38 .75
.12 .17
.10 .16
.43 1.14
.03 .15
D o l.
6.98
2. 32
.99
.43
.88
.05
.29
.46
.44
.98
.18
.31
.40
.19
.17
1.25
.27
.20
2.25
.49
55.98 82.49
1.22 1.52
.62 .97
.29 .61
.37 .40
.01 .02
3.26 5.10
2.19 4. 49
.05 1.84
1. 96 1. 57
.11 .49
.02 0
.21 0
.03 .24
.19 . 14
.20 .48
.44 .82 1.24
.27 .60 .44
.09 .29 .31
.04 .06 .51
.75 2. 33 5. 61
.04 . 13 .11
.09 .07 .08
.23
.26
(5)
.66
.04
.31
1.53
1.94
. 52
.05
.01
.01
.05
.50
.42
.03
1.15
.09
.26
3.11
3.69
1.11
.31
.03
.05
.24
1.13
.76
.07
1.89
0
.47
2.85
5. 57
1. 85
.39
. 15
0
.40
391
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R EG IO N —W H ITE F A M IL IE S—Continued
Av. articles purchased Average expenditure
per person
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All unit per year
unit per year
fam unit per year
fam
fam
ilies
ilies Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600 ilies Un $400 $600
der to and
der
to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
Persons purchasing
Item
VIII. Clothing, girls 12 to 17 2—Con.
Underwear: Slips, cotton-----silk---------rayon______
Corsets, girdles___
Brassieres--------Union s u i t s and
combinations:
Cotton---------W ool__________
Silk, rayon___
U nderwaists, s hirts.
B lo o m e r s a n d
panties:
Cotton_______ _
Rayon_____
Silk____________
N ightgo wns a n d
sleeping pajamas:
Cotton, light___
flannel—
Silk, rayon_____
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
C o tto n ___ ____ ___________
Silk, rayon_________________
Other______________________
Bathrobes.._ __ ____________
Kimonos, n e g lig e e s.- _____
_______
Hose: Silk— ___ _
Rayon_________ ______
Cotton________ ______
Wool__________________
Shoes: Street____ ____________
Dress_____________
Sport— ________
________
House slippers _
Shoe: Repairs___________ ___
Shines_________________
Rubbers________ ______ ___
Arctics, gaiters___ ____ _______
Gloves: Cotton________ ______
Leather .. __________
Other________ ____ _
Bathing suits, sun suits. _____
Handkerchiefs_______________
Furs________ ____________ . . .
Mufflers, scarfs_____________ _
Handbags, purses__________ _
U m b rella s_________ _________
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc. . . .
Cleaning, repairing___________
Other... __ _______ ______ _
IX . Clothing, girls 6 to 11:2
T otal__________________________
Hats: Felt_________ ____ _ ___
Straw. ___________ ____
Fabric__________ ______
Caps and berets: W ool________
Other_______
Coats: Heavy, plain ____ __
fur trimmed___
Fur_________________
Light, wool___________
cotton_____ __ _
silk, rayon______
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
203
141
155
72
153
158
88
98
34
105
38
44
48
29
36
7
9
9
9
12
43
32
44
113
33
22
24
82
5
9
16
26
5
1
4
5
97
371
54
76
264
31
18
95
17
3
12
6
132
112
55
93
71
21
31
35
26
8
6
8
.32
.26
.13
.28
.20
.06
.37
.45
.31
35
11
3
35
8
414
167
254
56
581
237
253
115
317
1
153
253
189
90
158
107
224
1
106
221
37
163
149
20
6
0
10
5
283
131
199
35
432
153
174
60
221
1
94
166
127
37
110
47
157
1
69
136
24
109
70
13
4
2
18
3
110
33
49
16
129
69
66
45
79
0
51
73
53
35
44
45
53
0
30
67
10
43
64
2
1
1
7
0
21
3
6
5
20
15
13
10
17
0
8
14
9
18
4
15
14
0
7
18
3
11
15
.08
.02
01
.05
.01
6. 74
1.66
2.90
.30
1.85
.55
.54
.17
.06
.01
0.
.02
.01
5.37
2.12
3.13
.25
1.85
.43
.49
.12
.14
.05
.01
.12
.02
9. 75
2.20
2. 51
.43
1.89
.82
.68
.32
112
113
54
289
62
153
71
0
99
16
0
61
60
32
194
47
99
42
0
56
10
0
43
42
18
77
12
41
24
0
36
5
0
8
11
4
18
3
13
5
0
7
1
0
N o.
0.68 0.69 0.58 0.86
.41 .33 .56 1.11
.49 .39 .75 1.11
. 14 .09 .26 .49
.76 .7 i .75 1.92
.17
. 11
.17
.47
.14
.09
.12
.44
.14
.17
.26
.58
-26
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
0.37 0.36 0.36 0.53
.44 .31 .72 1.39
.36 .25 .62 .94
.20 .12 .39 .66
.22 .19 .25 .63
.75
.10
.52
.60
.09
.07
. 12
.15
.07
.05
.07
.12
.09
. 12
.26
.23
.49
.07
.25
.28
.51 .47 .56 .86
1.98 1.82 2. 52 2.16
.29 .20 .43 1.26
.17
.65
.15
.14
.56
.09
.22
.92
.28
.29
.98
.56
.64
.42
.51
.25
.22
.14
.20
.16
.07
.34
.40
.32
.69
.42
.60
.08
.05
.04
.25
.08
.04
.01
.14
.02
3.66
.66
.64
. 12
4. 75
1.43
1.19
.13
.89
(5)
.21
.46
.20
.19
.18
.35
.20
(5)
.13
.31
.09
. 10
.36
.07
.05
.02
.16
.06
.04
.36
.04
5. 72
.79
.62
.21
5.80
2. 39
1.76
.28
1.24
0
.35
.70
.31
.38
.28
.73
.28
0
.19
.54
. 14
.18
.78
.11
.13
.22
.04
.86
0
8. 34
.36
.22
.18
6.07
3. 96
1.83
.43
1.10
0
.52
.71
.37
1.02
. 16
1.45
.45
0
.35
1.05
. 16
.37
1. 66
0
18. 67 35. 54
.10 .32
.10 .23
.05 .10
.24 .37
.04 .06
1.20 2.00
.62 1.16
0
0
.62 1.24
.08 .18
0
0
48.91
.42.
.43
. 14
.51
.04
3.64
1. 57
0
1.78
.21
0
0
15.92
1.04
.87
.53
1.85
1. 37
.68
.39
.24 .19 .38 .39
.38 .33 .52 .54
.33 .29 .43 .45
.14 .08 .27 .70
.26 .24 .34 . 19
.16 .10 .31 .53
3.19 2.81 3.92 6. 35
0
(4)
(4) 0
.17 .14 .25 .35
.40 .30 .65 .95
.05 .05 .07 .11
24.15
.17
.15
.07
.28
.05
1. 51
.79
0
0
0
0
0
.13 .10 .20 .20
.82
.02 .02 .03 .02
. 11
0
0
0
0
0
.16
.16
.08
.49
.10
.20
.10
. 11
.11
.07
.46
.10
.19
.08
.28
.25
.11
.59
.09
.23
.14
.29
.36
.12
.63
.10
.37
.16
3 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
4 Less than 0.005 article.
Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
53959°— 39-
D o l.
0
.04
.01
2.83
.64
.67
.09
4. 37
1.02
.99
.07
. 77
(s)
.16
.37
.16
.10
.15
.18
.16
(5)
.10
.20
.07
.06
. 17
.06
392
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —W H IT E FA M IL IE S—Continued
Av. articles pur
chased per person
Persons purchasing
Item
IX. Clothing, girls 6 to l l 2—Con____
Play suits: Wool k n i t --- -- ___
Cotton suede____ _
Other, __ _________
Raincoats_____ ______________
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool knit____
_ ____
Wool f a b r ic ,,,_____ , , , -,,
Leather, lea th erette_____ , ,
Other, __________________
Suits: Wool— __ ------------Silk, rayon,_ _, _ __ ___
Other_____ __________
Waists and middies:
Silk, rayon____ ___________
Cotton___ _ __ __ --------Other____ ________ _____ _
Skirts: Wool-------------------Other_________________
Dresses: Cotton---------------Silk, rayon__________
W ool________________
Other____ _________
Aprons_____ _________________
Coveralls_____________________
Knickers, breeches, shorts-----Underwear: Slips, co tto n ,_ __
silk_______
rayon,, _
Union suits and
combinations:
C otton ,,, ___ ___
Wool___ _______
Silk, rayon_____
Underwaists, shirts.
Bloomers and panties:
Cotton_________
Rayon_____ __
Silk____________
Nightgowns a n d
sleeping paja
mas:
Cotton, light---flannel _ _
Silk, rayon_____
Pajamas: Lounging and beach:
Cotton, ______ _____ _
Silk, rayon___ _______ ______
O th er_____________________
Bathrobes. __ ________ _____
Kimonos, n egligees_______ ___
Hose: Silk___ _
_ _ ___ _
R ayon,,, _____________
C otton ,.
,_ ________
Wool___________________
Shoes: Street and dress_______
Sport____ __________
House slippers_______ ________
Shoe: Repairs_________ ______
Shines,,, ____ _ _
Rubbers ___ _ _
__ __
Arctics, gaiters __ _ _________
Gloves: Cotton ______ _______
Leather___ ______ _
Other___ _________
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
ilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
D o t.
D o l.
D o t.
D o l.
72
28
50
90
38
12
27
47
28
13
14
38
6
3
9
5
0.12 0.09 0.17 0.36
.07 .03 . 15 . 16
.10 .06 .10 .58
. 12 .09 .22 . 15
0.41 0. 30 0.64 0.91
.08 .04 . 16 .21
.21 . 15 .32 .62
.16 . 12 .29 .23
189
94
17
11
25
1
14
110
68
9
6
15
1
6
67
25
4
4
7
0
8
12
1
4
1
3
0
0
.32 .26 .48 .46
. 14 .13 .19 .04
.02 .02 .02 . 12
.02 .02 .02 .11
.04 .03 .04 .08
0
(4)
(*) 0
.03 .01 .07 0
.45 .32 .75 .82
. 17 .14 .28 .06
.04 .03 .03 .21
.02 .01 .04 .09
. 19 . 14 .32 .38
0
(5)
(5) 0
.07 .03 .20 0
4
75
2
85
5
466
186
83
17
10
3
38
233
30
40
1
41
1
38
5
315
106
49
11
7
2
20
161
10
29
1
29
1
38
0
126
65
26
5
3
1
12
64
15
8
184
97
53
154
116
50
36
119
58
36
15
30
10
11
2
5
183
237
34
128
159
18
49
65
14
6
13
2
128
152
11
81
94
2
39
53
7
8
5
2
26
6
2
25
0
106
129
607
119
687
206
117
276
1
179
303
135
67
222
14
4
0
8
0
59
77
439
66
492
132
57
191
1
115
188
87
30
142
9
2
0
13
0
37
45
145
37
162
58
45
72
0
54
103
39
24
66
.01 (4)
2
.01 . 17
.21 .13 .41 .39
5
.01 (4)
0
.01 0
.13 .08 .24 .26
9
.01 .02 0
0
0
25 2.54 2. 02 2. 85 3.92
.30 .23 .45 .69
15
.15 .11 .20 .55
8
.03 .03 .03 .03
1
.02 .02 .02 0
0
.01 .01 .01 0
0
.08 .06 .10 .25
6
.87 .79 1.08 .87
8
.06 .02 . 15 .20
5
.09 .09 .08 . 12
3
.66
.31
. 19
.64
.56
. 19
. 17
.68
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
.01 (5)
.16 .10
.01 (5)
.20 .11
.01 .01
2. 68 1.99
.79 .51
.34 .22
.06 .05
.01 .01
.01 .01
.06 .04
.34 . 29
.05 .02
.05 .04
.01 .21
.31 .35
.02 0
.41 . 51
0
0
4. 21 5. 38
1.34 2.08
.51 1. 21
.08 .07
(5) 0
(5) 0
.07 .24
.44 .46
. 11 .22
.06 . 10
.89 1.03
.56 .83
.26 . 12
.53 .53
.38
.26
. 10
.17
.30
. 15
.08
. 17
.59
.52
. 15
.16
.60
.73
. 11
. 15
1. 04 1. 02 1.15 .80
1.23 1.09 1.59 1.56
.15 . 11 .27 . 15
.27
.32
.05
.25
.27
.03
.35
.45
.11
.20
.48
.04
.45
.40
.07
.20
.26
.02
.15
.17
(5)
.31
.49
.05
.45
.33
.07
.07 .16
.02 0
.10
.07 .10
0
0
.95 1. 34
1.33 1.18
8.81 7.18
.92 1.90
3. 50 4.28
.53 .46
.29 .48
.04
.01
(5)
.05
0
. 22
.23
1.61
.23
5. 82
.68
.09
.78
( 5)
.20
.48
. 11
:o9
.21
.30
.32
.03
.25
.25
.01
3
.05 .04
.01 .01
0
2
.01 0
4
.03 .01
0
0 0
.86 .78
10
7
.91 .76
23 7. 71 7. 38
.70 .54
16
33 2.96 2. 70
.42 .37
16
15
.17 . 12
13
0
10
.25 .22
12
.41 .35
9
.23 .20
13
. 11 .06
14
.39 .33
.44
.54
.10
0
.32
.60
.28
. 18
.52
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
4 Less than 0.005 article.
« Less than 0.5 cent.
Average expenditure
per person
.28
.34
.34
.39
.70
0
0
.03
.01
.01
.18
. 18
1. 48
.17
4.74
.53
.05
. 66
(«)
. 17
.39
.08
.04
.16
.06 . 12
.02 0
.08
.13 . 17
0
0
.28 .56
.36 .34
1.94 1.92
.33 .75
7.97 11.31
.92 1. 56
.17 .34
1. 03 1. 34
0
0
.27 .33
.75 .47
. 16 .25
. 16 .53
.32 .47
0
393
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —W H ITE FA M IL IE S—Continued
Av. articles pur
chased per person
Persons purchasing
Item
IX. Clothing, girls 6 to l l 2—Con„__
Bathing suits, sun suits-------Handkerchiefs. ______________
Furs_________________________
Mufflers, scarfs___________ . . .
Handbags, purses_________ . . .
Umbrellas. . . _ ___________ _
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc__ _
Other _
_ _____________
X. Clothing, girls 2 to 5 2 ----------Total
____________________
Hats: F elt---------------------Straw _ -------------Fabric________________
Caps and berets: W ool. ---- -O ther... _ . . .
Coats: Heavy, plain____ _____
fur trimmed____
Fur___________________
Light, wool____ ______
cotton._ . . . .
silk, rayon____ _
Play suits: Wool knit------- ..
Cotton suede___ .
O th e r ____ ______
Raincoats_______ ____________
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool knit_____
________
Wool fabric . . .
--- -------Leather, leatherette_________
Other.. _______ _ _______
Suits: W ool_______ . . . ------Silk, rayon _ . . . . . . _
Other _ __________ _. _
Waists and middies:
Silk, rayon______ . . . ______
C otton___ _ _ _ . . . . .
Other.. ---------------Skirts: W ool...
. ------ . . .
Other. _______ _____
Dresses: Cotton__ . . .
. _.
Silk, rayon. ---------W ool________________
Other------- ---------Aprons____ _
. . . . _____
Coveralls__ _ . . .
______ ..
Knickers, breeches, shorts
Underwear: Slips, cotton____ _
silk________
rayon___
Union suits and
combinations:
C otton.. _ .
Wool___________
Silk, rayon_____
Underwaists,shirts.
Bloomers and panties:
Cotton___. . . _.
Rayon. . . . ____
Silk____________
Nightgowns a n d
sleeping paja
mas:
Cotton, light___
flannel...
Silk, rayon_____
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
ilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
der
to and
der
to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
No.
N o.
7 0.16 0. 10
14 2. 21 1. 79
0 0
0
11
. 10 .08
15
.22 .15
5
.06 .05
7
5
N o.
107
185
0
72
122
45
138
105
49
123
0
43
67
26
87
54
51
48
0
18
40
14
44
46
21
32
23
114
24
76
18
0
51
16
4
83
34
31
12
10
14
11
63
12
40
8
0
25
8
3
35
23
16
6
11
18
12
45
10
29
9
0
22
8
1
42
9
12
6
0
0
0
6
2
7
1
0
4
0
0
6
2
3
0
131
60
2
9
22
2
9
72
29
1
4
11
1
6
49
27
1
5
9
1
3
10
4
0
0
2
0
0
0
9
0
9
1
282
58
34
17
4
23
5
78
11
11
0
5
0
3
0
160
19
22
7
2
11
4
39
4
8
0
4
0
6
0
101
36
12
10
2
11
1
30
7
3
108
73
21
99
61
36
12
60
42
32
9
32
5
5
0
7
110
100
17
72
44
7
32
48
8
6
8
2
.04
.06
.04
.29
.05
. 15 '
.03
No. No.
0. 32 0. 25
2.78 5. 75
0
0
. 11 .33
.31 .86
.08 . 15
. 10
.03
.01
.18
. 14
.08
.03
.08 0
. 13 0
.09 0
.41 .30
.07 .08
.19 .24
.06 .04
0
0
. 14 . 14
.05
0
.01
0
.34 .26
.08 .07
. 15 .39
.04 0
.40 .35
. 16 .11
(<)
(4)
.02 .02
.05 .04
.01 (4)
.03 .02
100
120
3
45
59
0
46
45
3
. 11
.04
.01
.24
.11
.12
.03
0
0
0
0
0 0
.04 .02 .09 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
.03 .01 .05 0
0
0
.03
1 (4) 0
21 2. 87 2. 46 4. 02 3.83
.22 . 10 1.05 .28
3
.10 .10 .12 0
0
.14 .09 .17 0
0
.04 .05 .03 0
0
1 . 12 .09 . 12 .45
.03 .04 .01 0
0
9
.50 .41 .58 .88
0
.06 .03 . 14 0
.05 .06 .05 0
0
9
16
0
D o l.
.69
.39
. 12
.75
.58
.28
.09
.77
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
0.17 0.09 0. 36 0. 48
. 12 .09 .17 .34
0
0
0
0
.06 .05 .07 .28
.08 .05 .09 .46
.07 .05 .10 . IS
.06 .05 . 10 .07
. 16 . 10 . 31 . 20
.02 .01 .03 . 09
17. 61 13.47 23. 71 24. 54
.05 .03 .09 0
.06 .04 . 10 0
.04 .02 . 10 0
.22 . 16 .33 . 18
.04 .02 .06 .08
1.12 .84 1.55 1.46
.26 .21 .39 . 11
0
0
0
0
.50 .40 .66 .62
. 11 .07 .20 0
.02 .03 .01 0
.75 .46 1.14 1.41
.22 .22 .24 . 18
.26 .25 .27 .27
.03 .03 .03 0
.49 .37
.24 .13
.01 0
.03 0
.06 .07
.03
0
.04
0
0
.05
.08
.05
.33
.06
. 17
.04
.49
.22
.01
.03
.32
.01
. 10
0
0
.03
.37
.11
.01
.03
.26
.01
.11
0
0
.02
.60
.30
.01
.03
.36
.02
.10
0
0
0
0
0
0
.93
.72
.64
0
.07 0
0
.08 0
.03 .01
0
.02
(5) 0
2. 36 1.81 3. 07 3. 84
.33 .15 .65 .44
.15 .13 .22 0
.07 .06 . 12 0
.01 .01 .01 0
.07 .04 .07 . 22
.02 .03 .02 0
.17 .13 .21 .43
.04 .01 .08 0
.02 .02 .02 0
.89 .58
.58 .43
.20 0
.73 .69
.30
.30
.05
.22
.25
. 17
.02
.19
.37 .39
.51 .40
.11 0
.25 .25
1.43 1. 70 .97 1. 33
.94 .66 1. 33 1. 56
.14 .08 .17 .43
.24
.22
.05
.27
. 14
.02
.19
.35
.06
.41 .29 .58 .68
.50 .40 .54 1.13
.03 I 0
.01 0
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
* Less than 0.005 article.
<Less than 0.5 cent.
*
N otes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462,
Average expenditure
per person
.25 .16
.36 .27
.01 0
.28
.36
.26
.39 .39
.41 .96
.03 0
394
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC REG IO N —W H ITE FA M ILIES—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
X . Clothing, girls 2 through 5 years
of a g e2—Continued.
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
Cotton____________________
Silk, rayon______ _________
Other___________ ___ _ _ ____
Bathrobes___________________
Kimonos, negligees____ ______
Hose: Silk....... _ _ ......................
Rayon__ ___ _ _ ______
Cotton. __ . . . . . . ____
Wool__________________
Shoes: Street and dress____ ___
Sport.._ ______ ________
House slippers___ ____ ___ ___
Shoe: Repairs ____ ________ _
Shines . . . _______
__
Rubbers ____ ________ ____
Arctics, gaiters____ _______ ___
Gloves: Cotton_______ _______
Leather_____________
Other________ _______
Bathing suits, sun suits_______
Handkerchiefs.
___
__ _ .
Furs. __ . . .
. . __ ______
Mufflers, scarfs___ ___
Handbags, purses________ . . .
Umbrellas_____ _________ _ _
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc. _
Cleaning, repairing___________
Other.. . . . _____ _____
_
X I. Clothing, infants:8
T otal__________ _____ _____ _
Caps, hoods, bonnets____ ___
Coats______ _________ ____
Sweaters, sacques. _______ _
Sweater suits. __ _ _ .
Dresses, rompers___ __ _ _
Skirts, gertrudes _ _______ _
Shirts, bands__ _ _ _ __ __
Diapers ___ ___ _____ ___ _
Sleeping garments__ _ . . .
Stockings . . . __ __________
Bootees, shoes___ _________
Layettes______
____ ___ _
Other_____ _ _ __________
Average number of
articles purchased
per person
Average expenditure
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All unit per year
All
All
unit per year
unit per year
fam
famfamilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
11
0
1
25
1
36
76
341
69
404
77
63
53
1
86
111
50
29
70
92
45
1
18
35
10
60
50
142
84
132
117
203
90
222
153
197
280
265
1
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
0.05
0
(<)
.06
(<)
.56
.99
5. 97
.69
2. 56
.24
. 15
0.03
0
0
.02
0
.45
.63
6.10
.42
2. 39
. 18
. 10
N o.
0.10
0
.01
.12
.01
.79
1.59
5.56
1.04
2. 77
.35
.28
0
0
0
24
25
0
0
0
1
0
3
4
22
5
26
4
1
3
0
4
7
3
1
6
5
1
0
1
2
0
3
8
59
33
65
65
87
38
95
60
90
113
112
1
24
14
12
13
25
13
26
27
24
32
29
0
.64
.25
.63
. 52
2.20
. 74
2.57
7.60
1.32
4. 27
1.67
(4)
N o.
N o.
4
0
0
6
0
17
28
217
28
234
38
26
21
0
36
54
25
13
37
51
31
0
8
13
3
33
17
7
0
1
18
1
16
44
102
36
144
35
36
29
1
46
50
22
15
27
36
13
1
9
20
59
37
55
39
91
39
101
66
83
135
124
0
7
.20 . 14
.24 .20
. 14 . 10
.08 .06
.20 . 17
. 32 . 26
. 64 .81
(<) 0
.05 .03
.09 .05
.03 .03
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
.53
.22
.45
. 50
2.02
.54
2.12
5.58
1.04
4.08
1.42
0
0
.03
.46
1.13
6. 94
1. 31
2. 97
.23
.03
.30 . 15
.32 .25
.21 . 11
. 10 .07
.25 .25
. 36 . 73
.46 . 12
.01 0
.07 .07
. 15 .07
.05 0
.66
. 25
.84
. 57
2. 37
.92
2.99
8.14
1.60
4. 46
1.97
.01
1.12
.33
.71
.47
2.44
1.02
3.11
14. 54
1.58
4. 46
1.77
0
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
0.04
0
(*)
.07
(5)
.12
. 19
1.13
.22
4.01
.30
.08
. 12
(5)
. 16
.29
.05
.05
.09
. 18
.04
.01
.03
.02
.02
.04
. 14
.05
0.02
0
0
.02
0
.08
. 11
1. 09
. 11
3. 26
.24
.05
.09
0
. 10
. 21
.03
.04
.07
. 15
.04
0
.02
.01
.01
.03
.04
.06
0.09
0
.01
.17
.01
.22
.34
1.15
.36
5.04
.42
. 16
. 18
(5)
. 27
.43
.09
.08
. 11
. 22
.03
.03
.04
.04
.05
.05
. 21
.03
11.09
.41
.78
. 57
1. 03
1.38
.28
1.03
.83
.81
.91
1.79
.01
1. 26
7. 45
.28
. 58
. 37
. 52
1.01
. 18
.79
. 56
. 52
. 79
1.34
0
.51
13.49
.43
. 90
. 76
1. 64
1. 58
. 32
1. 25
.93
1.08
1.01
2.16
.02
1. 41
D o l.
0
0
0
0
.04
. 11
. 21
1. 30
.41
5. 43
. 26
. 02
. 11
0
. 13
. 35
.09
. 02
. 17
. 34
.01
0
.08
. 02
0
. 03
. 57
0
18. 82
.89
1. 27
. 79
1.18
2. 30
. 56
1. 31
1. 72
1. 20
1.09
2. 52
0
3.99
* Less than 0.005 article.
5 Less than 0.5 cent.
6 Infants 1 to 2 years of age are included only if dependent on family funds for 52 weeks; those under 1
year of age are included regardless of the number of weeks dependent on family funds.
Notes on this table are in appendix A. p. 462.
395
TABULAR SUMMARY
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
T able
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —NEG R O FA M ILIES
Item
All fam
ilies
E con om ic le v e l—F am ilies
spending per expenditure
unit per year
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
C lothin g E x p e n d it u r e s
I. Number of families in survey... __ __ _________ .. _____
Average number of clothing expenditure units per family___
Number of families reporting expenditures for—
Ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and accessories____ _
Yard goods and findings_______________________________
Paid help for sewing_________________________________ _
Number of families reporting clothing received as gifts_____
198
2. 73
104
3.35
66
2.13
28
1.87
198
100
9
72
104
54
4
40
66
28
3
22
28
18
2
10
Average expenditure per family for clothing
______ _ _ __
Ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and accessories _____
Yard goods and findings____________________________ __
Paid help for s e w in g _________________________________
Average value per family of clothing received as gifts 1______
$105. 46
103. 59
1.74
.13
4.24
$92.29
90. 52
1.66
. 11
4.61
$114. 28
112. 78
1.36
.14
4.17
$133. 56
130. 38
2. 95
.23
3.02
195
231
101
126
66
76
28
29
1.18
35
45
1. 25
28
38
1.15
7
7
1.04
0
0
1.29
39
51
1.36
35
47
1.00
3
3
0
1
1
1.31
20
23
1.34
18
21
1.00
2
2
1.00
0
0
1. 15
1.17
1.00
0
197
228
103
131
66
69
28
28
1.16
35
43
1. 27
30
38
1.05
5
5
1.00
0
0
1.23
34
43
1. 27
31
38
1.00
3
5
0
0
0
1.26
9
9
1.23
9
9
1.67
0
0
0
0
0
1. 00
12
12
1.00
10
10
0
2
2
0
0
0
1.00
1.00
1.00
0
II. Number of families having men and boys 18 years of age and
_____
over 2_______ _____ _ _____________ ____ ____
Number of men and boys 18 years of age and over 2________
Average number of men and boys 18 years of age and over per
family having such men and boys 2_________ ___________
Number of families having boys 12 through 17 years of age 2 .
Number of boys 12 through 17 years of age 2_ _ ______ __
Average number of boys 12 through 17 years of age per family
having such boys 2____________ ______ __
__ __
Number of families having boys 6 through 11 years of age 2___
Number of boys 6 through 11 years of age 2_____ __________
Average number of boys 6 through 11 years of age per family
having such boys 2______________ _ __ _ _ _ __ ______
Number of families having boys 2 through 5 years of age 2___
Number of boys 2 through 5 years of age 2 ______ __________
Average number of boys 2 through 5 years of age per family
having such boys 2___________________________________
Number of families having women and girls 18 years of age
and over 2___ _ _ _____________ ______
_ _ _ _ __
Number of women and girls 18 years of age and over 2
Average number of women and girls 18 years of age and over
per family having such women and girls 2____ _______ ___
Number of families having girls 12 through 17 years of age 2___
Number of girls 12 through 17 years of age 2_____ _________
Average number of girls 12 through 17 years of age per family
having such girls 2___________ _____ _________ _
_ _
Number of families having girls 6 through 11 years of age 2___
Number of girls 6 through 11 years of age 2________________
Average number of girls 6 through 11 years of age per family
having such girls 2_________________
__________ ____ _
Number of families having girls 2 through 5 years of age 2___
Number of girls 2 through 5 years of age 2_______
______
Average number of girls 2 through 5 years of age per family
having such girls 2________________________________ ____
Number of families having infants under 2 years of age 3__ .
Number of infants under 2 years of age 3______ __
Average number of infants under 2 years of age per family
having infants 3____________________________________ __
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include gifts of clothing reported received by
20 families, but for which they could not estimate the value.
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
3 Infants 1 to 2 years of age are included only if dependent on family funds for 52 weeks; those under I
year of age are included regardless of the number of weeks dependent on family funds.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
396
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R EG IO N —N EGRO FA M ILIE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
III. Cloth., men, boys 18 and over:2
Hats: F e l t . . . ---- ------. . .
Straw------ ----------Caps: W o o l-------------------Other __
__________
Overcoats ___ . . . ________
Topcoats____________________
Raincoats... ___ .. --------- .
Jackets: Heavy fabric_ ______
_
Leather______________
Other_______________
Sweaters: H eavy______ _ ___
Light______________
Suits: Heavy wool___________
Lightweight wool_______
Cotton, linen___ _______
Palm Beach____________
O th er _____________ ..
Trousers: Wool _______ _ ___
Cotton_________ . . .
O th er ___ ________ _
Overalls, coveralls____________
Shirts:
Cotton, work. __ _________
Cotton and other, dress. __
W ool______________________
Underwear:
Suits, cotton, kn it___ _____
woven . ____
cotton and wool___ _
rayon and silk_____ __
Undershirts, cotton ____ _.
cotton and wool.
rayon and silk ...
Shorts, cotton____ ____ _ _
rayon and silk. _____
Drawers, cotton and wool
Pajamas and nightshirts._ __
Shoes: Street____ _____ _ . . .
Work_________________
Canvas____ _____ _ _
Other. ______ . . . _ _
Boots: Rubber_______________
Leather_______________
Arctics____________ _______
Rubbers. ____________ _______
Shoe: Repairs____ _______ . . .
Shines_______ ______ _ _
Hose: Cotton, heavy__________
dress___________
Rayon_________________
Silk___________________
Wool__________________
Gloves: Work, cotton___ . . . .
other__________
Street, leather
other _ ___ ..
Ties_________________________
Collars____________ __ __ __ _
Bathing suits, sun suits______
Handkerchiefs._. _______
Accessories____________
____
Bathrobes________ .. _______
Cleaning, repairing. _ ________
Other________________________
Av. art. purchased
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All unit per year
All
unit per year
unit per year
fam
fam
fam
ilies
ilies
ilies
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
85
42
41
13
22
6
9
29
3
4
16
16
37
29
1
2
0
51
47
4
53
35
16
15
9
8
1
8
14
1
1
8
8
13
12
1
1
0
27
27
2
23
32
17
15
3
10
4
1
10
1
1
7
6
15
10
0
1
0
14
17
2
24
18 0.42 6.29 0.54 0. 67
9
.17 . 11 .23 .30
.21 . 14 .25 .38
11
1 .08 . 10 .07 .04
.09 .06 .13 .13
4
.02 .01 .05 .02
1
.04 .06 .01 0
0
. 12 . 11 .13 .16
5
1
.01 .01 .01 .02
.02 .01 .01 .06
2
1 .07 .06 .11 .04
2
.09 .07 .12 .06
9
.17 . 11 .20 .35
. 14 . 11 . 17 .25
7
0
0
.01 .01 0
.01 .01 .01 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
.29 .25 .30 .43
10
.29 .31 .31 .13
3
.02 .02 .03 0
0
.39 .32 .49 .43
6
78
115
4
42
57
3
23
40
1
13
18
0
62
26
33
2
55
20
3
80
0
4
46
130
84
5
4
6
0
9
41
153
30
63
91
45
30
15
71
18
44
6
90
12
6
72
39
4
130
24
13
17
1
27
10
1
41
0
0
13
68
46
4
1
3
0
2
19
77
11
36
44
23
13
6
37
8
21
3
44
6
0
29
16
0
58
27
11
12
0
19
7
2
26
0
3
24
43
27
1
2
3
0
7
17
51
11
17
32
18
11
8
25
6
13
3
32
4
5
34
19
3
48
.60 .41 .85 .80
11
2
.30 .26 .39 .26
4
.30 .24 .37 .36
.01 .01 0
.04
1
.84 .74 .89 1.17
9
3
.38 .36 .42 .34
.02 .02 .04 0
0
13 1.29 1.14 1.35 1. 81
0 0
0
0
0
.04 . 11
1
.03 0
.36 . 18 .56 .62
9
.78 .72 .78 .99
19
.46 .44 .51 .41
11
.03 .05 .02 0
0
.02 .01 .04 .04
1
.02 .02 .03 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
.04 .01 .09 0
0
.21 .16 .27 .22
-5
25
8
10 2. 45 2. 70 1.82 3.03
15 2.87 2.97 1.54 5.89
4 1.34 .98 1. 32 2.98
.86 .70 .97 1.23
6
.20 .17 .30 . 12
1
9 1.93 1.61 2. 43 2.00
4
.25 .27 . 19 .34
.21 . 18 .21 .33
10
0
.03 .02 .04 0
14 1. 30 .98 1.73 1.55
2
.22 . 13 .29 .46
1 . 10 0
.29 .04
9 2. 74 2.15 2. 25 .66
4
.02 0
1
.04 .04
24
.79 .67 .92 1.00
1.50 1.15 1.73 2. 39
.03 .04 .02 0
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 62 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
31.81
1.18
.35
.21
.05
1.91
.39
.21
.47
.10
.04
. 16
. 13
4. 02
2. 73
.01
. 10
0
.85
.48
.05
.65
D o l.
21.96
.73
.26
. 14
.06
1.12
.09
.34
.31
. 11
01
.10
.08
2.14
1.48
.02
.08
0
.68
.46
.03
.50
40.13
1.45
.40
.23
.05
2. 63
.83
.07
.59
.03
.03
.27
.21
5.31
4. 02
0
. 17
0
.97
.58
. 10
.93
52.86
2.40
.64
.50
.04
3. 46
.55
0
.88
.22
.24
. 11
. 13
8.80
4. 78
0
0
0
1.31
.30
0
.58
.60 .49 .66 .90
1.84 1.38 2.12 3. 08
.04 .04 .06 0
.68 .38
.33 .28
.38 .30
.04 (5)
.26 .22
. 12 . 11
.02 (5)
.39 .34
0
0
.02 0
.43 . 19
2. 95 2. 51
1.23 1.08
.05 .07
.09 .03
.05 .06
0
0
.10 .04
.24 .18
1.27 1.17
.48 . 20
.36 .37
.73 .53
.34 .23
.28 .23
.08 .06
.69 .49
. 18 . 15
.32 .28
.03 .03
.62 .40
.06 .03
.02 0
.27 .16
. 17 .07
.07 0
1. 76 1. 07
.13 .05
1.04
.45
.50
0
.26
. 14
.04
.42
0
.05
.72
3.19
1.45
.03
.09
.07
0
.25
.33
1.40
. 54
.28
.79
.34
.30
.13
.87
. 17
.30
.05
.88
.08
.04
.37
.34
. 15
2.12
.24
8 Less than 0.5 cent.
1.02
.23
.41
.27
.46
.08
0
.55
0
.04
.70
4. 25
1.31
0
.29
0
0
0
.30
1.36
1. 55
.52
1.42
.83
.48
.04
1.06
.33
.56
0
.92
. 14
.05
.47
. 17
.12
3. 85
.16
397
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N -N E G R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
IV. Clothing, boys 12 through 17 years of age:2
T o t a l . . __________________ ________ _____ ______ __________
Hats: Felt________________
____ _
Straw.. __ ___ ______ _______________________________
Caps: Wool________________ ________ ___________ ______
O th er ________________ ___________________________ _
Overcoats___ _______ - _____ - ______ _ __
Topcoats____ - __ ____ _______
_ ___________ ____
Raincoats.. . _ ___ _ _______ ______ _ __ _____
Jackets: Heavy fab ric___ _ ______________________ ______
Leather___
__ _ ____________ ___ _______ _____
O th er......... ___ _____ _____ _
______ _______ ____
Sweaters: H eavy____
_ ___
___ _
___________
Light _______________ _______ ______ ________
Play suits: Wool knit — - __________ ______________
Cotton suede______ _____ ____________
_______
Other______ _ _____________________ ______ _
Suits: H eavy wool—.
_________ ________ __________ _
Lightweight wool_______ _ _ _______ __________ _ _
Cotton, linen_______________ _____ ___________ ____
Palm Beach______ _______ _________________________
Other______________________ ________________________
Trousers: Wool________ _ ________ _________ ___ ______ _
Cotton______
______________________ __________
O ther... ___ ______________ ___________ ______ _
Overalls, coveralls_________________________________________
Shirts and blouses: Cotton, work _______ ________ _ ___
Cotton and other, dress______________
Wool___________________________________
Underwear: Suits, cotton, kn it___ ____ ________ _
_______
woven___________________________
cotton and wool__________________________
rayon and silk_________ _______________
Undershirts, cotton _______ _____________ _____
cotton and wool____________________
rayon and silk_______ ___ ___
Shorts, cotton_______ ______ ______ ___________
rayon and silk______________ _ _______
Drawers, cotton and wool_______________________
Pajamas and nightshirts _ ________ ___ __
Shoes: Street__________
_ ___ ___ __ ______ _ __ __ _
W ork..___ _________________________________________
Canvas______ _________________ _
________ _______
Other.____ _ __________ _____ _______ _______________
Boots: R u b b er ______ ____
_ _______ _____ ____________
L e a th e r .___
_____
_ _ ________
__ ____
Arctics___________ __ ____________ ____ _____ _____ _________
Rubbers_______
__ __ ______
_____ _________ _____ _
Shoe: Repairs __
Shines______________
_
__ ______________ _
Hose: Cotton, heavy__________ _______ ’__ . __ __ ___
dress
_________ ___________
_____
Rayon. ________ ______ ____ _ _____________________
Silk____________________
_____________________
W ool_______________________________________________
Gloves: Work, cotton_____ _____ _____ _______ ______ ____
other______________________________________
Street, leather. _____
_____
_________________
other___ ____________ _____________________
Ties______ __________
Collars_________
__ ___ _
_ _ ____________ __ ___ _
Bathing suits, sun suits___________________________ _______
Handkerchiefs___ ___ __________ __________________ _____
Accessories ____
_ ___
Bathrobes_________________________ ____________ _____ _ __
Cleaning, repairing________ _______ ___ ____ _ _____ _ __ _
Other. ________ _________ ___________ _ _____________
in c lu d e s only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Number
of persons
purchasing
Average
number
of articles
purchased
per person
Average
expendi
ture per
person
N u m ber
N u m ber
D o lla r s
7
4
22
6
5
0*
5
8
1
1
12
5
0
0
0
13
7
1
0
1
17
10
3
7
3
23
0
12
6
2
0
11
6
0
17
0
0
2
38
2
15
2
0
0
1
7
24
0
15
18
5
1
1
0
0
8
6
9
0
2
2
4
1
17
0 16
!08
.59
.14
. 11
0
. 10
.19
.02
.02
.34
. 13
0
0
0
.28
.16
.04
0
.03
.57
.30
.11
.25
.17
1.55
0
.58
.28
. 10
0
.89
.45
0
1.45
0
0
. 10
1.72
.04
.70
.05
0
0
.03
. 18
2.94
3.02
.32
.08
.08
0
0
.18
.14
.60
0
.04
.27
.02
25. 50
. 42
!06
.36
.05
1. 73
o
. 38
.64
.04
.09
.55
.08
0
0
0
4. 51
1.90
. 14
0
.21
1.25
.38
.13
.17
.10
1.13
0
.38
.18
.05
0
.18
.13
0
.34
0
0
.08
4. 48
.16
.59
- 04
0
0
.03
.15
1.37
0
.69
.52
.14
.01
.03
0
0
.21
.04
.18
0
.05
.02
.06
.04
.63
.40
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
398
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R E G IO N —NEG R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
V. Clothing, boys 6 through 11 years of age:2
Total
__
_ __________ _________ __________________
Hats: Felt
___________________
Straw_ __ ______ ________ ______ __________________ _
Caps: Wool___________________ __________________________
Other____ _______ __________________
_________
Overcoats.._______________________________ _________
Topcoats
-- -A ________ _______________ - _________
- __________ _______ _____ -- __Raincoats.. ______
Jackets: H eavy fabric_____ ____________________________ ..
Leather_______________ ____ ____________________
Other. __________________________________________
Sweaters: H eavy____ _ __ -----------------------------------Light___________________________________________
Play suits: Wool knit______________________________________
Cotton suede_____ ____ _________________________
Other__________________________________________
Suits: Heavy wool___________ __________ . -------- _ _ _
Lightweight wool__________ _________ _________ . . .
Cotton, linen _____________ _____ _______ _ ______
Palm Beach_________________________________________
Other. _ . . . _______________ ____________________ .
Trousers: Wool__________ _______ ______
. ______________
C otton.__ __ ------------------ ------------------_______________
Other_____ _______________
Overalls, coveralls______ . . . ----- ---------------------------Shirts and blouses: Cotton and other except wool_______ ______
Wool___________________________________
Underwear: Suits, cotton, knit______________________________
w o v e n ___________ _______________
cotton and wool _________ . . . __________
rayon and silk------------------------------Undershirts, cotton.
_____. . . _____ ._ _ _..
cotton and wool
___ ____________
rayon and-silk. . . . ____________
Shorts, cotton ______ . . . ____ _______ ____ _ __
rayon and s i l k ___ _______ ____________
Drawers, cotton and wool___ . . . ___ ______ _
________ _
Pajamas and nightshirts______ ..
Shoes: Street__________ ________ ______________ _______
C a n v a s_________ ______ ____________ . __________
Other_____ ______ _ ____ __________ _. _________
Boots: Rubber_ ______ _
_
_____ _ ___________________
Leather___ ._
_________ . _ . . .
_____________
_
A rctics_ __ ______ . . . . ___ __________ . ______ _____
Rubbers.. _ _ ___ _ __ _
_______ _ _______
_ _____
Shoe: Repairs
Shines ._ _ . . .
_
.
____ _
____________
Hose: Cotton, heavy... _ __________ . _________ . . . _____
dress___ ____
_. __ . . . _______ . . i _ _____
Rayon_____ ____________________ ________________
Silk_________________________________________________
Wool________________________________________________
._
_______ _____
______
Gloves: Cotton___ _
Leather_
_ ____ _ . . .
____. . . __ _______ ______
Other____ ______ . . . __________________________ . . .
Ties_______________
. _________________________________
Collars. ___ ____ ___ . _____________________ _ _____
Bathing suits, sun suits_____ ____ . . . ____ _________ _ _ . . .
Handkerchiefs________________ . ___________ ________ .. .
Accessories ...
_
_ ..
________ _________
Bathrobes. _ _ . ._ _________________ ____ ________ _ _
Cleaning, repairing
_____ ____ _______ ___ ___________ _
Other_______ . . . __ . . . . _________ _____ . . . . ___________
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Number
of persons
purchasing
Average
number
of articles
purchased
per person
Average
expendi
ture per
person
N u m ber
N u m ber
D o lla rs
1
1
22
9
13
0
1
6
4
2
13
9
1
1
0
12
5
9
0
1
16
17
1
8
32
0
17
15
5
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
10
48
20
2
0
0
3
6
25
2
24
26
0
0
0
0
4
8
8
0
1
8
3
1
8
0.02
.02
.51
.22
.26
0
.02
.11
.07
.04
.27
.21
.04
.02
0
.24
. 13
.51
0
.01
.56
.52
.04
.31
2.05
0
.79
.68
.20
0
0
0
0
.18
0
0
.30
2.60
.70
.04
0
0
.06
. 14
2.39
4.24
0
0
0
0
.07
.19
.53
0
0
.89
.02
17.37
.02
.01
.32
.14
1.20
0
.11
.24
.19
.14
.32
.14
.15
.04
0
1.80
.49
.50
0
.02
.59
.43
.04
.21
1.04
0
.46
.29
.06
0
0
0
0
.09
0
0
.21
4.82
.44
.08
0
0
.06
.10
.89
.02
.51
.68
0
0
0
0
.03
.05
.08
0
.02
.05
.08
.02
. 19
0
399
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —N E G R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
VI. Clothing, boys 2 through 5 years of age:2
____________________ ____ ___
T otal__________ _________
Hats: F elt______ _ __ _ ____________ ___ _________ _
Straw________________________ _ _ _______ __ ___ _
Caps: W ool_______________ ____________________ _________
Other_____ ____ __________ _ __ __ _
Overcoats____ __ _ _________ __ __ ________ __ _
Topcoats_____________ _________ ____ ___ ____ _
Raincoats____ __________ _ __ __ _ ________ _
Jackets: Heavy fabric__________ ______ ____________ _ _
Leather.__ __ _ ______ ______ _____ _______ _ _
Other._ ________ ___ _______ ________ ___________
Sweaters: H eavy._ _ _______ ______ ___ _
_ ________ _
Light!_______ __ _____ _____ __________ _
Play suits: Wool k n i t ___ _____________ ___ _ ______
Cotton suede____________ ___ ____ _
Other. ________ _______ _ _ __ ________
Suits: H eavy wool_________________ ____ ____ ______ _ _
Lightweight wool________ . . . _ _ _ _ _
Cotton, linen_ _ _______ _____________ _____ ________
_
Palm Beach. _______ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ______
Other___ _______ _________ _____ _ __________ __ __
Trousers: W ool._____ _______ ____ _______ _________
Cotton____ _______ _ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _
Other____ ______________ ._ ___ _ ___ _ ___ _
Overalls, coveralls_____________________ ____ _____ __ _
Shirts and blouses: Cotton and other, except wool________
Wool______________________ _ _
Underwear: Suits, cotton, knit __ __________ _ _____
w oven____________
_ ___ __
cotton and wool______ _____ __ _
rayon and silk________ _ ___ _ _____ _
Undershirts, cotton______ _
____________ _
cotton and wool___ ____ _______ _ _
rayon and silk. __ _________ _
Shorts, cotton____________________________
rayon and s i l k ____________ _______ _
Drawers, cotton and w o o l . ______ _
_______ _
Pajamas and nightshirts______________________ _
Shoes: Street___________________________________ _
Canvas______ ________
O th e r ...______
Boots: Rubber ______ _
Leather. _________________ _____ __ _ _
Arctics_______ __________________ __ __ _ _ _______
R u b b er s.________________
__
Shoe: Repairs.. _________ __ __ __ ___ __ ______ __
__
Shines______________________ _____ _ _ _______ _
Hose: Cotton, heavy________ _ __ __
__ _ _____
dress._____
_ __ _ _______ _______ _ _
Rayon_______ ________ _ _
_
Silk________________ _
Wool____________________________________________
Gloves: Cotton____ _
_______
_
Leather... _______________ __ __________ __ ______
Other_________________ ____ _
_
_
T ies___________________________________ _
Collars___
___ .__ ___ ______ _ __ __ __ _ ____
Bathing suits, sun suits _ __ _______ _ ______ _ __ __ _
Handkerchiefs______ ______ ___________ __ _ _______ _ _
Accessories_ ___ _______ ______ _ __ _ _ _ _
_
Bathrobes................ _ _________ _______________ ___ _
Cleaning, repairing____________________ ________ ______ _
Other___________ ____________ ____________________ __
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average
Number
number
of persons of articles
purchasing purchased
per person
N um ber
N u m ber
0
0
0
0
5
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
4
6
0
2
5
2
2
10
0
0
0
1
1
3
2
0
6
1
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
16
2
4
0
0
2
2
2
0
5
7
0
0
1
0
1
5
0
0
3
0
3
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
.31
.05
. 10
. 15
. 30
.09
.93
. 10
.08
1. 61
0
0
o
. 10
. 10
.33
.20
0
. 74
. 10
.41
0
. 15
0
0
0
0
0
.23
1. 38
. 10
. 18
0
0
.09
.07
2. 34
1. 65
0
0
. 18
0
.05
.23
0
0
.29
0
.09
Average
expendi
ture per
person
D ollars
8. 66
0
0
. 15
.02
.36
0
0
0
0
0
. 13
.25
0
.21
.40
.30
.30
2.05
0
0
0
.03
. 10
. 16
.07
0
.33
.05
. 24
0
.04
0
0
0
0
0
. 14
1.88
.06
. 16
0
0
.09
.03
. 15
0
.36
. 22
0
0
.05
0
.01
.05
0
0
. 12
0
.03
.06
.06
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
400
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A TLA N T IC R EGION—N EGRO FA M ILIE S—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
VII. Clothing, women and girls 18
years of age and over:2
Av. arts, purchased
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All
All
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
fam unit per year
ilies
ilies
ilies
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
22 0. 76
54
47
123
Hats: F e l t --------------------.42
29
86
17
S tr a w _________________
40
.22
8
29
48
11
Fabric ________________
.06
1
1
Caps and berets: W ool, _____
13
11
1
.01
Other_______
3
1
1
Coats: Heavy, p la in ___
_ _
3
.07
3
17
11
32
14
12
.13
6
fur trimmed____
Fur__ ______ ______
2
.01
1
0
1
4
.09
Light, wooL __________
20
6
10
cotton__________
2
.01
1
1
0
silk, rayon__ _ _
0
1
1
0
11
2
.05
R aincoats________ _
. . . .._
3
6
Sweaters and jackets:
.12
4
6
23
13
Wool knit_ _____ __________
2
4
.03
Wool fabric.. _ __________ _
6
0
Leather, leatherette_____ _ _
3
3
0
0
.01
2
2
0
.01
Other---- -------------- --0
19
3
.08
9
Suits: WooL ----------------7
.02
Silk, rayon-------------6
4
1
1
Other_________________
13
6
6
1
.05
Waists and middies:
12
4
4
4
.06
Silk, rayon. _______________
Cotton. _ _________________
11
3
1
.07
7
2
1
1
0
.01
O th er_____________________
8
6
.08
Skirts: Wool_________________
17
3
2
2
Other _ ------ -------0
.01
0
91
Dresses: Cotton, house.
44
33
14 1.08
street ------59
39
11
9
.49
Silk, rayon. _ ___
102
56
30
16
.68
24
12
W ool________________
9
3
.11
Other------------- -16
4
.09
5
7
26
6
18
2
.29
Aprons.
...
. . . . --4
2
7
1
.06
Coveralls...
. . . ._. --------Knickers, breeches, shorts.
0
0
0
0 0
34
Underwear: Slips, cotton------18
13
.31
3
silk___ _____
58
12
23
23
.55
rayon___ __
45
30
8
7
.40
Corsets, girdles___
49
22
20
7
.25
Brassieres . . .
24
14
9
1
.29
Union suits and
combinations:
Cotton._ ______
29
13
10
6
.30
W ool__________
14
4
7
3
.17
Silk, rayon. _ __
26
16
5
5
.26
Under waists, shirts.
34
21
12
.41
1
B lo o m e r s a n d
panties:
17
C o t t o n . . ___ _
62
12
4
1
.15
Rayon____ . . .
24
18
37
.85
7
Silk____________
5
11
.42
8
N ightgowns and
sleeping pajamas:
Cotton, ligh t___
47
26
17
4
.43
flannel. _
12
17
3
2
.12
Silk, rayon___ _
16
4
5
.12
7
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
Cotton_____________________
4
1
2
.02
1
4
Silk, rayon_________________
1
2
1
.02
Other________ ______ _______
1
1
0
0 («)
Bathrobes. ____________ _____
14
3
8
3
.06
2
2
Kimonos, negligees.....................
7
3
.03
Hose: Silk_______ _____ ______
166
86
56
24 9. 52
11
Rayon. _______________
34
20
3 1.47
Cotton_________________
13
25
8
4
.24
3
2
W o o l...._______________
1
0
.03
1 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
* Less than 0.005 article.
8 Less than 0.5
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
D o l.
D o l.
0. 47 1.02 1. 45
.28 .56 .72
.22 .19 .28
.09 .01 .04
.01 .02 .04
.09 .04 .09
.10 .17 .20
.01
.01 0
.04 .15 . 14
.04
.01 0
.02 0
0
.04 .03 . 10
40. 72
1.39
.78
.29
.04
.01
1. 62
4.44
.45
1.42
.07
.07
.12
27. 60
.75
.47
.25
.06
(5)
1.60
2. 86
.58
.47
.12
0
.06
.11 .09 .25
.02 .06 0
.02 0
0
.02 0
0
.07 .10 .11
.01 .05 .02
.05 .05 .02
.22
.04
.05
.03
1.31
.19
.25
N o.
N o.
N o.
.05 .05 .16
.09 .05 .04
.01 0
(*)
.07 .09 .12
0
.01 0
.82 1.42 1.50
.46 .44 .79
.59 .66 1.20
.07 .19 .13
.05 .11 .15
.32 .29 .16
.05 .08 .02
0
0
0
.26 .45 .25
.31 .82 .95
.42 .29 .62
.17 .37 .30
.33 .20 .10
D o l.
.16 .18
.02 .08
.08 0
.05 0
.94 1. 93
.07 .39
. 12 .52
.11 .06
.06 .07
(8)
(5)
.18 . 14
.01 .02
1.10 .79
1.01 .70
3.93 2. 68
.61 .28
.69 .29
.09 .09
.04 .04
0
0
. 15 . 10
.63 .34
.29 .32
.76 .44
.09 .09
D o l.
51.59 75.20
1.96 2.96
1.08 1. 52
.24 .55
.04
(5)
.01 .02
1.02 3.16
5. 84 8.24
0
.98
2. 68 2. 76
0
.04
.23 0
. 15 .29
.57
0
0
0
1.49
.24
.16
.13 .30
.04 .04
.01 0
.19 .34
0
0
1.50 1. 60
.96 2.48
4. 68 7. 92
1.08 .99
1.18 1. 32
.09 .09
.07 .02
0
0
.26 .12
.94 1.21
.21 .36
1.40 .71
. 11 .03
.24
.15
.25
.41
.51
.42
.58
.04
.23
.15
.19
.18
.15
. 10
.14
.14
.28
.18
.12
.32
.45
.26
.60
.01
.17
.79
.07
.16 .04
.89 1.00
.71 1.35
.06
.36
.25
.07
.32
.04
.07
.41
.50
.02
.43
.62
.38
.14
.05
0
.34
.12
.16
.55
.48
.09
.12
.28
.10
.15
.22
.10
.09
.39
.07
.13
.32
.16
.48
.02
.01
.03
.03
.02
.11
.03
9.91
1.62
.42
.03
.03
.02
7.93
1.32
.45
.04
cent.
.55
.16
.43
0
.03
.03
.12
.11
15.98
1.85
.88
0
.03 .02 .04 .05
.06 .01 .09 .23
.02 0
.08 0
.17 .05 .32 .41
.10 .06 . 10 .32
5. 72 4. 30' 6.28 10.93
. 65 .42: .91 1.10
.13 .09' .14 .29
.02 .02! .03 0
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
401
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level-—Continued
N O R T H A T LA N T IC R EGION—N EG R O FA M ILIES—Continued
Persons purchasing
Item
VII. Clothing, women and girls 18
years of age and over 2—Contd.
Shoes: Street__ ____________ .
Dress_______ _______ _
Sport____ ____ ______
House slippers________________
Shoe: Repairs ____________ _
Shines. __ __ ____ ____
R u b b ers_______ __ __ ____
Arctics, gaiters___ ____________
Gloves: Cotton_______
_ ___
Leather._ ______ _
_
Other_______ ______
Bathing suits, sun suits. __ . . .
Handkerchiefs. _ .__ __ __ _ __
Furs_________________________
Mufflers, scarfs._ ________ ___
Handbags, purses_______ __ __
Umbrellas____________ ______
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc. _ _
Cleaning, repairing, _______
O th e r ...____________________
Average number of
articles purchased
per person
Economic
Economic
Economic
level—Families
level—Families
level—Families
spending per
spending per
spending per
expenditure
expenditure
expenditure
All
All unit per year
All
unit per year
unit per year
fam
fam
fam
ilies
ilies
ilies
U n $400 $600
Un $400 $600
Un $400 $600
der to and
der to and
der to and
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
145
54
39
71
97
6
7
32
55
38
14
4
54
1
8
65
16
55
85
N o.
78
24
15
35
49
1
2
15
23
17
3
2
27
0
2
28
10
29
34
N o.
46
17
16
24
33
4
3
12
24
13
5
0
21
1
5
25
5
19
31
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
21 1.12 0.94 1.26 1.62
13
.33 .21 .42 .65
8
.20 .12 .33 .30
12
.41 .34 .47 .63
15
1
2
.03 .02 .05 .06
.14 . 11 .18 .20
5
.33 .22 .50 .41
8
8
.18 .14 .20 .36
6
.07 .03 .06 .31
2
.02 .02 0
.08
6 2. 33 1.74 2.95 3. 52
.02 0
0
.01 0
1
.04 .01 . 10 .04
.41 .28 .58 .62
12
1
.07 .08 .05 .04
7
20
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average expenditure
per person
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
D o l.
3.68 2.82 4. 34 6.19
1.26 .85 1.62 2.30
.46 .26 .74 .77
.33 .24 .43 .49
.51 .35 .69 .81
.03 .02 .04 . 07
.02 .02 .04 .03
: 17 .14 .20 .22
.27 . 14 .47 .39
.31 .20 .35 .73
.07 .03 .06 .. 2 9
.03 .02 0
. 14
. 16 .09 .27 .26
. 13 0
.42 0
.04 .01 .09 .04
.49 .27 .71 1.00
. 11 .11 .13 .07
. 10 .08 . 10 . 18
.83 .36 1. 26 1. 96
.33 . 14 .01 2. 03
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
402
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —N EGRO FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
VIII. Clothing, girls 12 through 17 years of age 2:
Total _ _____________________ __________ _______ _________
Hats: Felt______ _____________ ____ _ ___________________
Straw. ___________ ___ ___ ________ ___ ___ ________ Caps and berets: Wool _ _______ ___________ _______ -Other___________ __ _____________ ______
Coats: Heavy, plain____ ___ _
__ ___ ___ ___ ________
fur trimmed __________ _______ ______ ___
- _______ _ _
- _______
Fur -- ______
Light, wool____ ________ ____ _____ ___ _ _ - __
silk, rayon.
_____ ___ ___ ________ ______ ___
Play suits: Wool knit ____ ______ ______________ _ ______ _
Cotton suede _______ ___ _________ __ __ ______
Other
__ ______ _____ _______ _____ _________
Raincoats____
_ __ ____ _____________________________
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool kn it___ _________ ________ _______ ___ __________ ..
O th e r .._____ . . _____ ____ _____________________ _____
Suits: Wool
_ _____ _____ _________________________ .
__ ___ _ ____ _________
Silk, rayon _ ____ _ _ _____
Other
. . .
. . .
. . . ________
Waists and middies:
Silk, rayon
_ _______ ___ _____ ____ ____________
Cotton
______ ___ _ _______ ___ ___ ___ ____
Other
_________ ________ - ____________________
Skirts: Wool
____ ____ _ _______ _______ _________ .
O th e r ________________ _______ - _________________
Dresses: Cotton, house _______ ___________ _______________
street
._ _____ __ _ _ ________________
Silk, rayon _______ ___ ___ _____ ___________ _ _
Wool . _________ ___ _____ _
___ . _ . . .
Other
. _________ ______ ______ ___ _____- Aprons
_ ._ ____________ _______ _____ _
____ ______
Coveralls
______ . . . _______ _____ _____ ____ ____
Knickers, breeches, shorts ____ _ _______ _ ____________ _
Underwear: Slips, cotton__ _ _ __ ___ ____ _____
___
silk__________ ___ ___________ _ ___ _
rayon ________ ___ ________________ ___ _
Corsets, girdles .
. __ . . .
_ _ __ __
Brassieres______ __________ ____ _ _ __ _ __
Union suits and combinations:
Cotton ___________ ____ _________________ __
Wool _______________________________________
Silk, rayon____ ._ ______ ___ ______ _______
Underwaists, sh irts.. _____________________ ____
Bloomers and panties:
Cotton _ ____ ________ _
___ _________ __
Rayon
___
_ __ _______ _________ ____
Silk _______________________________________
Nightgowns and sleeping pajamas:
Cotton, light
. . .. _______
________
flannel _ _________________ ________
Silk, rayon_________ _________ . . . ___ _
__
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
C otton.. _______ ____ _______ ______ ______ _____ ___ ___
Silk, rayon... _____ ______ ._ _________ ___ ___ _______
Other _ _
. . _________ ___ ______________
Bathrobes
. ..
. ___________ __ ___ ___ ___ _____
Kimonos, negligees.
__ ____ ___ __________
________ __
__
Hose: Silk___ ___ ____ _____ _____ ___ _______ _______ _
Rayon _ _ __ _______ __ ______ __________________
Cotton_________ ___ _
___________ ________ _____
Wool_______________________________________________
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
5 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Number
of persons
purchasing
Average
number
of articles
purchased
per person
Average
expendi
ture per
person
N u m ber
N u m ber
D o lla r s
12
9
10
13
2
7
1
0
‘ 3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. 34
.22
.34
.40
. 11
. 15
.02
0
.06
0
0
0
0
0
0
19.22
.36
.24
.39
.22
.02
1.06
. 34
0
.70
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
1
1
1
3
0
1
. 15
.01
.01
.03
.08
. 16
. 04
.03
.06
. 53
3
3
1
8
0
4
22
11
0
2
3
1
0
9
3
8
1
4
2
1
0
6
0
0
0
.03
.08
. 25
.01
.21
.30
1.14
.48
0
. 12
. 10
.03
0
.66
.23
.32
.02
. 25
0
.08
.02
.41
0
.05
. 10
. 18
.01
.38
.29
1. 29
1.98
0
.49
.07
(fi)
o
. 26
. 16
. 18
.03
.05
0
.03
.01
. 10
6
14
1
. 46
1.12
.07
. 14
.37
.04
4
7
2
. 18
.24
.04
. 12
. 17
.05
0
1
0
0
0
18
7
14
1
0
.02
0
0
0
4.19
. 55
2.85
.05
0
. 02
0
0
0
1. 53
. 19
.61
.02
TABULAE SUMMAEY
T able
403
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —NEG R O FA M IL IE S—Continued
Item
VIII. Clothing, girls 12 through 17 years of age 2—Contd.
Shoes: Street_________________ _ ________________________
Dress___ ________ ______ _
______
_ _____ _
Sport____ ______
House slip p e r s.______________ ________ ___ _____ _____ _
_
____
Shoe: Repairs ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Shines___________________________ _ _ _ ____________
Rubbers____ _____ ____ ____ ____ _____ _ _
_________ _
________ _ _
Arctics, gaiters____________________________
Gloves: Cotton______ ___ _______ _________________ _____
Leather. __ ____________ _ _ _
_ _
____
Other __ _____ _________________
_ .......................
Bathing suits, sun suits, __________ _ _ __ ___ _________ _
Handkerchiefs__________ _____
______ _ ______ ________
Furs___ _ __________________ __ _ _____ ______ _______
Mufflers, scarfs__ ______ ________
__ _ _______________
Handbags, purses_____
_ _______ _ __________ _______
Um brellas.!______ __ _ _____________________ ______ ____
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc ____ ____ _______ _____ ________
_______________ _
Cleaning, repairing_______ _______ _
Other-.- _____________ _ __ ________ _
_________________
IX . Clothing, girls 6 through 11 years of age:2
T otal_________________ ________________ _________
___ _
Hats: Felt______ ______ _________________ ______________ _
Straw
____
_
___________ ____
Fabric _____________________ ___ ______ _ _______
Caps and berets: W o o l__ _______________ ____ _ _ ____ ____
Other
_ _______ _ _ _ ______ _________
Coats: Heavy, plain
_ _ _____________
_________ _ _
fur trimmed _______ ___ ___ _ __ _ _ _______
Fur____________ __________________________________
Light, wool_______ ____ ____ _______________ ________
c o tto n .________________________________ _____
silk, rayon_ _____________________ _____ _____
Play suits: Wool knit___
_________________________ _ _ __
Cotton suede. _
__ _____ _______________ ___
Other__________________ ____________ _ _______
Raincoats......... ...........
.............. .......... _ __________ ____
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool knit_-______ ________________ _______ ____ _
Wool fabric_____
__________________ _____________
Leather, leatherette_____________ ________________________
Other_________ _________ _____ ______________ _____
Suits: Wool____ ___ ____
____________ ___________ ______
Silk, rayon _
_ _ _______ ____________ ________
Other______
________ _ _ _ __ _______ _____
Waists and middies:
Silk, rayon__ __ _
________________ _______ ____ _ _
Cotton_________ __ _ __ __________ ____________ _______
Other ___ _ _ _ ___________ ______ ___________ ___
Skirts: Wool. __
________________________________ ______
Other___ ___ ___ _______________ ______ ___ ____
Dresses: Cotton
__ ______ _______ ___________________
Silk, rayon
__ ______________________ _ __ ____
Wool
_ __ _______ _______ ___________ _ __
Other___ _ ______________________ _ ______________
Aprons. _________ _________________ _____________ ___
C o v era lls____________ ________ _ ____________ _________
Knickers, breeches, shorts.-________________________________
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
6 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Number
of persons
purchasing
Average
number
of articles
purchased
per person
Average
expendi
ture per
person
N um ber
N u m ber
D o lla r s
29
10
12
1
24
0
1
3
6
2
1
1
14
0
1
7
1
9
8
2
5
5
16
4
7
3
0
4
0
0
1
1
5
3
6
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29
4
5
1
0
2
0
1. 65
. 21
! 41
.02
3 66
! 46
.59
.01
.64
0
.03
.08
.07
. 09
. 01
’ 02
. 12
0
.01
.10
.02
. 04
.20
0
.03
.08
. 20
. 05
' 01
. 02
2. 58
0
. 01
. 22
.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15. 32
.06
.04
.07
.32
.04
.99
. 77
0
. 65
0
0
.03
.03
. 17
.29
.08
. 11
. 11
.47
. 11
. 16
.08
.09
.03
.03
.21
.09
.21
.05
.03
0
0
0
0
0
2. 57
. 15
. 18
.02
0
.04
0
0
(5)
. 16
.06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2. 42
.32
.47
.07
0
.01
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
404
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —N E G R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
IX . Clothing, girls 6 through 11 years of age 2—Continued.
silk _ __ __________ ______ _________
rayon_____ ______ _______ _ _ __ ___ _ _
_ _______ ____ ____ _
Corsets, girdles_______
_____
Brassieres. . . . _________ ____ _____ _
Union suits and combinations:
Cotton . . .
____ _ __ ________ _________
Wool________________________________ ____
Silk, rayon__ ________ _____________ _____
Underwaists, s h ir ts ___ _
_ _ _______ _ _ _ _
Bloomers and panties:
Cotton______ ___________ __________________
Rayon. ______ _ _____________________ _____
Silk________________________________________
Nightgowns and sleeping pajamas:
Cotton, light______ _ ________ . _________
____ ______ _____
flannel
._ .
Silk, rayon__
. . .
__ ______ __________
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
Cotton ____ __ _
_____. . . _____ _____ _____ _
Silk, rayon___ __ _ .
_______________ _______________
Other.. . . .
__. . .
._
___ _____ ______ ___
Bathrobes___ _ _
______ ___ ______ ____ ___ ___
Kimonos, negligees
_ ______ ____ _____ _______ ______
Hose: Silk _ . _______ _ ____ _____ ___ . . . ______________
Rayon. _ ____ . . . . .
_ ____ _ _____________ ___
Cotton.
_ .
__ ____ _________ _ ___ _______
Wool _
. . . _____ . . . ___ _______ ___ . . . .
Shoes: Street and dress . . _____ _________ _____________
Sport.. _____ _ _______________ ___ ____ _ _______
House slippers______ . _______ ______ _
___ ___________
__ _______________ _ _
Shoe: Repairs
_ _ ____ ___ _
Shines . _ ______ _______ ______ ___ _ _____________
Rubbers
____ _
.. __________ ____ _ . . ._ ____ ___
Arctics, gaiters________________ __________ _______ _____
Gloves: Cotton ____
__
_ ____ ___________ ____ ___ _
Leather __ ____ ____ _____ ____ _______ . ______
Other .. .. . _ ______
_ ___________ ___ _______
Bathing suits, sun suits. _______ _____ _______________ ___ _
Handkerchiefs.
. . . .
____ ______
___
________
Furs . _
_____
__ ________ . . . ___________ _
Mufflers, scarfs..
_ ____
__ _ ____ ____ _____
Handbags, purses
_ . _. _____ _______ ______ _______ _
Umbrellas ________
____ _______ ___ ______________ _______
Garters, belts, hairpins, e t c ________ . ____________________
Cleaning, repairing. _ _ __________ ____________ __ ______
Other..
_
___ ___ _______ ______________
2 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Average
Number
number
of persons of articles
purchasing purchased
per person
N u m ber
N u m ber
Average
expendi
ture per
person
D o lla r s
10
1
2
0
0
0. 70
.05
.07
0
0
0. 20
. 01
.02
0
0
18
4
1
3
1.07
.24
.07
. 25
.46
. 19
.03
.05
6
6
0
0
5
5
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
3
35
2
35
9
2
14
0
1
9
7
2
3
2
4
0
0
2
0
3
2
.46
.45
. 26
. 21
.05
0
0
0
0
. 16
1.01
6. 71
.08
2. 38
.22
.04
0
0
.o i
. 20
. 19
.05
.08
. 18
. 73
0
. 05
0
0
.09
.08
. 10
. 15
0
0
0
o
.05
.02
. 18
1. 07
.03
4. 36
.32
. 02
. 36
0
.01
. 18
. 07
.03
. 04
. 14
. 03
0
o
. 01
0
.02
.03
0
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 1 7 . — Clothing
405
expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R EG IO N —N EG R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
X. Clothing, girls 2 through 5 years of age:1
Total_______ ______________ ____________________ ________
Hats: Felt_____ . . . _______________ ___________ _______
S tr a w ______________________________________________
Fabric______________________________________________
Caps and berets: W ool________________ ___________________
Other__________ _________________________
Coats: Heavy, plain_______________________________________
fur trim m ed ___________________________ __
Fur___________________ , ___________________________
Light, wool_________________ _
_________ ____ . . .
cotton_______________________________________
silk, rayon_______
_ _______ _________ . . .
Play suits: Wool knit_____________ ______________________
Cotton suede___________________________________
Other__________________________________________
Raincoats____ ______ _______ ___ _____________ ___ _____
Sweaters and jackets:
Wool knit____ _____________ __________
_______________
Wool fabric___________________________ ______ ____ _
- _
Leather, leatherette______________________________________
Other. _ ______ _ _______ ____________________ ____ _
Suits: Wool________________________ _____ _____________ . _
Silk, r a y o n .._______ . _________________ _______
Other______________ ._ _______
________ _______
Waists and middies:
Silk, r a y o n ------- ------------- ------ ---- ---------------Wool __________________________________________________
Other
__ .
_______
. ______ _________ ___ ____
Skirts: Wool_____ _______ ________________ _____ _ ________
Other______________________________________________
Dresses: Cotton . . . _ _____ _ ___________ ________________
Silk, rayon___ ______ _______________ _____ _____ _ _
W ool_____________________________________________
Other_________ . . ------------- ------- ------ ----Aprons
_. _ ____________ . ____________ _____________
_______ _____ ___ ___ ______________ _____
Coveralls
Knickers, breeches, shorts.. . . . . ---------------- -------Underwear: Slips, cotton---------------------------------------silk____________________________________
rayon_______ ______ ____ _
_________
Union suits and combinations:
Cotton____ ______ . . . . . . -------------Wool________________________________________
Silk, rayon__________________________________
Underwaists, shirts.. . . . . . . _______ _______ _
Bloomers and panties:
_
Cotton_ _ ......... ........ ................. ...............
R a y o n ____________________ ______ __________
Silk______________________________ __________
Nightgowns and sleeping pajamas:
Cotton, light... ---------------- ---------------flannel_______________________________
Silk, rayon______________ _____ ______________
1 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
Number
of persons
purchasing
Average
number
of articles
purchased
per person
Average
expendi
ture per
person
N u m ber
N u m ber
D o lla r s
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
. 13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.26
0
0
.12
2. 86
o’
0
0
0
0
.13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.07
0
0
o
.47
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
.12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.51
.76
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
. 12
.27
.07
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
406
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —N E G R O FA M ILIE S—Continued
Item
X. Clothing, girls 2 through 5 years of age ^ C o n tin u e d .
Pajamas, lounging and beach:
Cotton _______________ __________________________________
Silk, rayon
_______________ _________________ ___________
O th er________ _____ ______________ ________________ ____
Bathrobes__ ____ ________
__________________________ ._
Kimonos, negligees . ____________ _____________________ __
Hose: Silk__________ _____ _____ _______________ __ _______
R a y o n ._ _________ _____ ______ ___ __________ ___
Cotton_______________________ _____________ _________
Wool________________ _______________________________
Shoes: Street and dress_________ ______ _________ _________
Sp ort.._ _____________________ _____ _ _____________
House slippers._ __________________ _________ ____________
Shoes: Repairs. ____________________ ______ _______ _______
Shines ______________________ _____ ________________
Rubbers___ ___ _______ ___ _______ ____ __________ _________
Arctics, gaiters________ _________________ _______________
Gloves: Cotton_____________ _______ ____ _______ _______ _
L e a t h e r ..____________ _______ _ __ _____________
Other___ _____ _________________ ____ ______________
Bathing suits, sun s u i t s . ........................................._ _ _ _
__
Handkerchiefs______________ . . . __________ . . . ___________
Furs ________ _________ . . . ____________ . . . _ ______ ______
Mufflers, scarfs_________________ _ ____ ____
________ _
Handbags, purses_________ ________ ______ _ __ _________
Umbrellas________________ _____ _____ _ _________ _____
Garters, belts, hairpins, etc____________ ________ _______ ___
Cleaning, repairing __ _
_ ____ _ _ _ ____ _ _______ _ _
Other___________ _ _ _ _ _ _______ ___ ___ ______ _____ _
X I. Clothing, infants:2
T otal________ _______ _______ ____ ________________ . ______
Caps, hoods, bonnets____________________
______ _____ ___
Coats________ ___ _ ___________ _ ______ ______ _____
Sweaters, sacques __ _ _ _ _ _ _______ ____ ______ _________
Sweater suits__ _______ ______________ _ _________ ____ _
Dresses, rompers
_ _ ____ _ ______
_______ __ _ _____
Skirts, gertrudes__________ ___ ____ _______ ____ ___ _ .
Shirts, bands
____ ______
____ ________ ____ _ ____
Diapers_______ _______ ________________ ______ ___ _______
Sleeping garments __ _______ __ ___________ ______ ______
Stockings
_______ _____ _ ____ ._ _________ ___
Bootees, shoes
______ ___________ _______ _________
Layettes
. _______ _____ ___ ____________ _______
Other _ _ _ ______
_________ _____ - _____ - ___ _______
Average
Number
number
of persons of articles
purchasing purchased
per person
N u m ber
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
3
1
4
4
2
6
4
3
6
6
0
2
N u m ber
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.13
0
1.64
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
. 13
.24
.26
. 31
.09
.36
.97
. 53
1.18
4. 76
. 70
1.80
.81
0
.37
Average
expendi
ture per
person
D o lla r s
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
. 13
0
1.46
0
0
0
0
0
0
.02
0
0
.06
0
0
0
0
0
0
.06
0
5. 77
. 18
1.03
. 07
1.00
. 57
. 12
.43
.55
.42
. 37
. 79
0
.24
1 Includes only persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks.
* Infants 1 to 2 years are included only if dependent on family funds for 52 weeks; those under 1 year of
age are included regardless of the number of weeks dependent on family funds.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 462.
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
407
18.— Furnishings and equipment expenditures, by economic level
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —W H ITE F A M IL IE S
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
All fami
lies
Item
Under $400 $400 to .$600
Families in survey__________________________________
Number of families reporting receipt of gifts of furnishings
and equipment______________________ _____ ________
Average value per family of furnishings and equipment
received as gifts (incomplete) i_______ _ ___________
Number of families
spending
Item
F u r n ish in g s a nd E q u ip m e n t
E x p e n d it u r e s
Total....................................... ......
Furniture, total_____ _____ ____
Suites: Living room_________
Bedroom_____________
Dining room_________
Beds: Wood_________________
M etal________________
Cots, cribs: W ood___________
M etal___________
Bedsprings-------------------Davenports_________________
Couches, daybeds____________
Dressers____________________
Chiffoniers, chests___________
Sideboards, buffets-----------D esks_______________________
Bookcases, bookshelves_______
Tables, except kitchen_______
Chairs: Wood_______________
Upholstered_________
Benches, stools, footstools____
Tea carts, wheel trays________
Stands, racks, costumers_____
Other_______________________
Textile furnishings, total_______
Carpets, rugs________________
Linoleum, inlaid_____________
Felt-base floor coverings______
Mattresses__________________
Pillow s_____________________
Blankets____________________
Comforts, quilts_____________
Sheets______________________
Pillowcases-------------------Bedspreads, couch covers_____
Tablecloths, napkins, doilies:
Cotton----------------------Linen-----------------------Towels: Linen_______________
Cotton, turkish______
Other cotton________
Table runners, dresser scarfs___
Curtains, draperies-----------Dishcloths, cleaning cloths, etc_
Other— ---- -----------------
3193
1,285
1,138
507
186
174
147
$3.06
$2.28
$2.53
$5.15
Average number of ar
ticles purchased per
family
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fam
Families spending
ilies spending
per expenditure
per expendi
All
All ture unit per
unit per year
famifam
year
ilies
Un $400 $600
U n$400 $600
and
to
der to and
der
$400 $600 over
$400 $600 over
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
$600 and
over
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
136
84
61
62
89
72
13
107
12
72
35
33
5
25
23
142
117
69
38
3
49
141
43
15
8
23
36
18
6
35
1
21
9
6
2
5
1
27
28
10
8
0
10
25
47
26
22
21
35
41
6
35
5
27
15
14
1
4
8
54
44
19
11
1
20
50
46 0.042 0.033 0.041 0.059
.027 .011 .026 .056
43
.022 .006 .028 .040
31
.022 .020 .023 .026
18
.033 .032 .039 .025
18
.023 .015 .036 .017
13
1 .004 .005 .005 .001
.039 .032 .037 .052
37
.004 (3)
.005 .010
6
24
.023 .016 .024 .031
11
.011 .007 .013 .014
13
.010 .004 .012 .018
.002 .001 .001 .003
2
.008 .004 .004 .023
16
.007 .001 .007 .019
14
.054 .025 .059 .097
61
.097 .079 .093 .131
45
.027 .011 .019 .066
40
.013 .006 .012 .025
19
2
.001 0
.001 .003
.017 .008 .017 .031
19
66
447
190
274
321
76
521
107
961
734
272
141
66
106
121
19
194
43
338
257
86
146
69
112
111
26
207
33
356
277
85
160 41.005 4. 840 4. 991 41.300
55 4. 521 4. 477 4. 674 4. 368
56 41.059 *1.136 41 .192 4. 735
.119 .110 .120 .132
89
.046 .031 .045 .072
31
.319 .305 .334 .320
120
.044 .049 .034 .051
31
267 1.182 .990 1.191 1.490
200 1.185 1.042 1. 275 1.288
.118 .086 .115 .176
101
347
104
244
1,077
281
182
983
750
281
125
19
87
419
111
36
346
223
102
125
35
94
381
99
91
337
298
94
97
50
63
277
71
55
300
229
85
.539 .512 .517 .615
2. 369 2.184 2.442 2. 573
.559 .509 .594 .592
.119 .078 .120 .188
1.231 1.004 1.122 1.770
770
Average expenditure
per family
Economic
level—Fam
ilies spending
All per expenditure
fam- unit per year
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
D o l.
D o l.
56. 24 33.64
14. 51 7.30
4. 53 2. 77
2.97 1.31
1.86 .36
.41 .32
.46 .45
.24 .10
.06 .08
.39 .28
.22 .01
.67 .43
.20 .08
.21 .09
.01 .01
.18 .05
.05 .01
.34 .11
.29 .19
.44 .14
.04 .02
.01 0
.06 .03
.87 .46
13. 70 10.05
3.65 2.29
.85 .66
.75 .73
1.87 1.50
.07 .05
1.02 .96
.17 .14
1.26 .96
.42 .34
.31 .20
D o l.
D o l.
59.19 89.33
14.36 26.72
4.46 7. 59
2.82 5.98
1.72 4. 57
.46 .50
.58 .30
.41 .23
.07 (2)
.39 .59
.21 .56
.72 .97
.32 .25
.22 .38
.01
(2)
.10 .51
.06 .09
.33 .71
.26 .52
.27 1.18
.02 .11
.02 .02
.05 .11
. 87 1. 54
13.66 19. 78
3.48 6.17
.91 1.06
.86 .61
1.84 2.54
.05 .15
1.07 1.05
.14 .27
1.29 1. 71
.46 .51
.27 .57
.21 • .15 .19 .32
.11 .03 . 11 . 24
.12 .09 .11 .16
.59 .50 .62 .71
.09 .07 .10 .10
.09 .04 .09 .17
1.71 1.12 1.66 2. 77
.13 .03 .16 . 20
i .28 .19 .25 .47
1 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include the gifts of furnishings and equipment
reported received by 65 families but for which they could not estimate the value.
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
3 Less than 0.005 article.
4 Reduced to square yards.
Notes on this table are in appendix A. p. 464,
53959°— 39-------27
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
408
T able
18.— Furnishings and equipment expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —W H ITE FA M ILIE S—Continued
Number of families
spending
Average number of ar
ticles purchased per
family
Economic
Economic level—
level—Fam
Families spending
ilies spending
per expenditure
per expendi
unit per year
All
All ture unit per
year
famifamU n $400
der
to
$400 $600
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F u r n ish in g s and E q u i p m e n t
p e n d itu r e s —Continued
All
fam-
Economic
level—Fam
ilies spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
E x
Silverware, china, and glassware, N o . N o . N o .
total_______________________
China or porcelain, table______
418 166 135
530 219 177
Glassware___________________
98 34 30
Tableware: Silver-------------Other____________
25 10
6
47 15 18
Other_______________________
Electrical equipment, total-----142 22 59
Vacuum cleaners_____________
173 26 75
Refrigerators (electric)________
23
6
6
Electric stoves, hotplates_____
Washing machines___________
197 68 84
184 71 63
Irons--------------------------7
1
3
Ironers, mangles_____________
3 19
38
Heaters, fans------------------Light bulbs__________________ 1, 735 662 622
326 78 121
Lamps______________________
104 24 40
Toasters_____________________
21
Sewing machines (electric)____
4
8
166 27 56
Other--------------------------Miscellaneous equipment, total-Mirrors, pictures, clocks, orna
276 74 107
m ents_____________________
92 20 34
Carpet sweepers_____________
Brooms, brushes, mops________ 1,980 850 665
381 161 133
Dustpans, pails, etc__________
15
5
Gas refrigerators_____________
6
62 17 26
Ice boxes____________________
210 79 76
Stoves and ranges (not electric) Canning equipment, cookers..274 114 97
800 310 280
Pots, pans, cutlery___________
112 53 34
Tubs, boards, wringers_______
140 42 52
Ironing boards, racks, baskets..
26
Sewing machines (not electric) _.
8 12
85 29 41
Baby carriages, gocarts_______
60 11 17
Trunks, hand baggage--------187 61 G
9
Household tools, ladders, cans..
Window shades, wire screens,
601 239 204
awnings___________________
Lawn mowers, garden equip
112 39 34
m ent______ ---------- ----183 47 55
Repairs, cleaning_____________
Other_______________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 464.
Average expenditure
per family
N o.
N o.
No.
N o.
N o.
117
134
34
9
14
61
72
11
45
50
3
16
451
127
40
9
83
95
38
465
87
4
19
55
63
210
25
46
6
15
32
57
0.045 0. 017 0 .0 5 2 0.082
.054 .020 .066 .094
.007 .005 .005 .014
.061 .053 .074 .058
.060 .060 .056 .066
.002 .001 .003 .004
.016 .012 .018 .022
4.685 4. 311 4. 594 5.448
.136 .080 . 135 .246
.032 .019 .035 .052
.007 .003 .007 .012
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D ot
1.09
.58
.20
.25
.03
.03
17.93
2.14
8.79
.43
3. 92
.23
.08
.06
.77
.54
.08
.62
.27
9.01
0. 68
.44
.14
.08
.01
.01
9. 26
.83
3.41
.17
3. 30
.19
.04
.01
.64
.21
.04
.32
.10
6.35
0.89
.50
.20
. 14
.01
.04
20.34
2.80
10.23
.35
4. 29
.24
.07
. 11
.76
.54
.08
.59
.28
9.94
2.09
.94
.31
.72
.09
.03
28. 79
3. 38
15. 64
.96
4. 40
.28
.16
.06
.99
1.10
.13
1.15
.54
11.95
.26 .14 .25 .47
.13 .08 .15 .20
.67 .68 .63 .69
.04 .04 .04 .05
.83 .68 .89 .98
.33 .17 .36 .56
3. 47 2. 55 4.11 4.06
.14 .12 .14 . 16
.50 .36 .44 .81
.04 .04 .05 .03
.07 .04 .07 .09
.12 .08 .17 .08
.37 .24 .50 .38
.08 .01 .06 .23
.11 .07 .12 . 16
158
.79
.43
.79 1.38
39
81
.11
.42
.53
.08
.18
.36
.11
.49
.57
.14
.74
.74
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
409
18.— Furnishings and equipment expenditures, by economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC REG IO N —N E G R O FA M ILIE S
All fami
lies
Item
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Under $400 $400 to $600
Families in survey __________________ _______ ____
Number of families reporting receipt of gifts of furnish
ings and equipment ____ ____ ______ ___________ Average value per family of furnishings and equipment
received as gifts (incomplete ) 5______________ _______
198
104
66
19
8
9
2
$1.26
$0. 97
$1.86
$0. 89
Number of families
spending
Average number of ar
ticles purchased per
family
Economic
level—Fam
ilies spending
per expendi
All ture unit per
fam
year
ilies
Item
Economic level—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
All
fami
lies
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F u r n is h in g s
a nd E q u i p m e n t
p e n d itu r e s
$600 and
over
Un $400
to
der
$400 $600
28
Average expenditure
per family
All
fam
ilies
Economic
level—Fam
ilies spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
$600
and
over
E x
T otal_______ _ ________ _
Furniture, total
______ _ . _
Suites: Living room, _________
Bedroom,__ ______
.
D in in g ro o m .,. _ ____
Beds: Wood_________ ______
M etal_____ __________
Cots, cribs: W o o d ,,, ________
M etal_______ _ __
Bedsprings ___ _ _____
D avenports,
Couches, d a y b e d s ___________
Dressers______ _ _______ _
Chiffoniers, chests___________
Sideboards, buffets _______
D esks_____
_ __ _ ________
Bookcases, bookshelves_______
Tables, except k it c h e n ,____ .
Chairs: W ood________________
Upholstered__________
Benches, stools, footstools,_____
Tea carts, wheel trays
_
Stands, racks, costumers, __
O th e r ,,,______
___________
Textile furnishings, total., _____
Carpets, rugs_______ ___. . .
Linoleum, inlaid______ _ _ __
Felt-base floor coverings..
M attresses,_________ ___
Pillow s_________________ ____
Blankets________ _________
Comforts, quilts ________
Sheets___ _________ ________
Pillowcases__________________
Bedspreads, couch covers_____
Tablecloths, napkins, doilies:
C otton_________ _
. ___
Linen____ ________ _____
Towels: Linen________ ______
Cotton, turkish______
Other cotton_________
Table runners, dresser scarfs___
Curtains, d r a p e r i e s , ______
Dishcloths, cleaning cloths, etc,.
Other________________________
N o.
N o. N o.
12
8
3
4
3
0
0
4
1
1
2
3
0
0
0
7
2
3
0
0
2
9
5
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
1
3
5
3
2
3
1
0
0
3
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
2
26
13
22
13
3
23
4
48
37
23
16
7
11
6
0
12
2
28
20
12
8
4
5
5
2
5
1
12
11
4
8
6
6
36
17
8
45
44
23
4
3
2
21
6
3
21
20
14
3
3
1
9
6
1
14
16
6
N o.
2
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
2
1
2
0
0
1
4
N o.
0.056
.038
.012
.027
.014
0
0
.020
.002
.005
.013
.016
0
0
0
.053
.012
.019
0
0
.009
.046
N o.
N o.
0. 047 0. 069
.010 .044
.027
.020 .050
.022 .006
0
0
0
0
.008 .047
.004 0
.010 0
.022
0
0
.032
0
0
0
0
0
0
.034 .052
.011 0
0
.032
0
0
0
0
.011 0
.033 .025
0
N o.
0.059
. 125
.021
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.038
.041
0
0
0
. 125
.042
.062
0
0
.020
. 147
8 *1. 253 4. 806 4. 883 43. 787
2 4. 582 4. 363 4. 899 4. 647
6 41. 346 41. 224 4. 966 42. 691
2
.073 .065 .082 .084
1
.037 0
.068 . 104
.239 .285 . 103 .391
6
1 .030 .022 .035 .042
.926 .949 .721 1. 324
8
6
.998 .980 .797 1.540
.213 .231 .085 .448
7
1
0
3
6
5
4
10
8
3
. 152 .092
.926 1.066
.518 .505
. 114 . 100
.708 .465
.044 .629
.745 .832
.376 .901
.064 .285
. 744 1. 524
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
37.24
13.29
4. 61
4.58
.87
.67
.09
0
0
. 15
.05
.03
.36
.24
0
0
0
. 14
.01
.22
0
0
.01
1.26
8.13
2.17
.45
.81
.69
.04
.63
. 15
.85
.28
.48
23.11
6. 46
3. 96
.97
0
.66
.09
0
0
.07
.09
.06
0
0
0
0
0
.02
.01
0
0
0
.02
.51
6. 07
.97
.51
.75
.48
0
.75
.09
.76
.20
.40
42. 49
17. 99
6.88
4. 85
2.46
.97
. 11
0
0
.36
0
0
.61
.53
0
0
0
.30
0
.48
0
0
0
.44
7.02
1.39
.33
.63
1.02
.07
.27
.23
.79
.31
.17
77. 23
27. 53
1.64
17. 37
.35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.13
.42
0
0
0
.20
.02
.41
0
0
.02
5. 97
18. 53
8.42
.52
1.46
.69
. 14
1.01
. 16
1. 38
.53
1. 53
.07
.08
.03
. 19
.06
.05
.81
.09
.20
.05 . 10 .07
.04 . 17 0
.02 .01 .15
.18 . 16 .34
.04 .07 . 15
.04 .03 . 15
.47 1.04 1. 52
.07 . 10 . 14
.25 . 13 .17
4 Reduced to square yards.
5 The aggregates on which these averages are based do not include the gifts of furnishings and equipment
reported received by 2 families but for which they could not estimate the value.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 464.
410
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
18.— Furnishings and equipment expenditures, hy economic level— Continued
N O R T H A T L A N T IC R E G IO N —N EGRO FA M ILIE S—Continued
Number of families
spending
Average number of ar
ticles purchased per
family
Economic
level—Fam
Economic level—
ilies spending
Families spending
per expendi
per expenditure
unit per year
All
All ture unit per
year
fam
fami
ilies
lies
Item
U n$400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
F u r n ish in g s a nd E q u i p m e n t
p e n d itu r e s —Continued
All
fam-
$600
and
over
Economic
level—Fam
ilies spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n $400 $600
der to and
$400 $600 over
E x
Silverware, china, and glassware,
total_______________________
China or porcelain, table------Glassware....................... .............
Tableware: Silver -----------Other____________
Other________________________
Electrical equipment, total-----Vacuum cleaners_____________
Refrigerators (electric)____ ____
Electric stoves, hotplates________
Washing machines. - ___________
Irons________________________
Ironers, mangles______________
Heaters, fans_________________
Light bulbs__________________
Lam ps______________________
Toasters_____________________
Sewing machines (electric)____
Other________________________
Miscellaneous equipment, to ta l...
Mirrors, pictures, clocks, orna
m ents_____________________
Carpet sweepers---------------Brooms, brushes, mops_______
Dustpans, pails, etc-----------Gas refrigerators______________
Ice boxes____________________
Stoves and ranges (not electric).
Canning equipment, cookers_
_
Pots, pans, cutlery____________
Tubs, boards, wringers________
Ironing boards, racks, baskets. _
Sewing machines (not electric).
Baby carriages; gocarts--------Trunks, hand baggage________
Household tools, ladders, cans.
W indow shades, wire screens,
awnings---------------------Lawn mowers, garden equip
ment______________________
Repairs, cleaning-------------Other------------- ---------- —
N o.
N o. N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
D o t.
D o t.
D o t.
D o l.
0. 45
.15
.11
.13
.04
.02
7.30
.36
0.018 0.104
.025 . 121 3. 81
0
0
0
.53
0
.038
.41
.090 .079
0
0
0
0
0
0
.53
3.645 5. 616
.125 .396
.43
.01
.018 0
.016 0
1.02
.20
8.07
0.22
.10
.11
(2)
0
.01
5. 65
.27
2.90
0
.40
.38
0
0
.48
.05
0
1.15
.02
4. 71
0. 62
.08
.13
.37
0
.04
6.08
.09
3.30
0
0
.46
0
0
.49
.46
.02
1. 25
.01
10.78
0.87
.51
.05
.05
.26
0
16.19
1. 34
8. 38
0
2.25
.35
0
0
.79
1.78
0
0
1.30
14.11
.10 .25
.02 0
.82 .50
.05 .03
0
0
.22 1. 34
2.04 6.12
.01 .06
.15 .20
.17 .16
0
.03
0
0
.05 0
.07 .07
0
.01
. 10
.15
.80
.07
N o.
27
28
5
4
3
14
17
1
0
2
6
8
3
0
1
7
3
1
4
0
5
8
0
2
16
0
0
108
17
1
2
9
1
3
0
1
8
0
0
57
2
0
1
5
1
2
0
0
6
0
0
35
7
1
1
1
3
3
0
1
2
0
0
16
8
0
0
3
11
2
131
31
0
9
24
5
41
29
2
1
2
7
2
5
1
73
17
0
2
7
1
22
19
0
0
2
3
0
5
0
38
6
0
4
12
3
14
7
1
0
0
2
1
1
1
20
8
0
3
5
1
5
3
1
1
0
2
1
58
31
18
9
1.36
.75 1.95 2. 25
1
11
1
5
0
0
0
6
.03
.61
.07
.05 0
0
.12 0
3.85
.09 .06 0
2 Less than 0.5 cent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 464.
U n $400
der
to
$400 $600
Average expenditure
per family
0.027
.042
0
.011
.080
0
0
3.964
. 109
.006
.011
0.011
.031
0
.010
.074
0
0
3.722
.021
0
.011
0
. 15
.03
.71
.04
.72
3. 73
.03
.19
.16
.02
.01
.02
.18
.01
0
1.14
4. 37
.02
.29
.13
.08
.01
0
.82
.03
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
411
19.— Description of fam ilies studied, at 3 economic levels
W H ITE FAM ILIES
Boston, Mass.
Item
All
fami
lies
Buffalo, N. Y.
E conom ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year—
Un
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
516
516
4.29
196
196
5.47
202
202
3.98
118
118
2.84
104
1
22
28
34
1
10
7
43
0
9
15
4.00
1.29
2. 71
3. 64
5.21
2. 27
2.94
4. 68
.30
All
fami
lies
E conom ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year—
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
450
450
3.65
133
133
4.90
189
189
3.36
128
128
2. 77
27
0
3
6
78
1
7
• 22
19
0
1
3
34
1
3
7
25
0
3
12
3. 67
.96
2. 71
3. 36
2.54
.24
2. 30
2.40
3.45
.96
2. 49
3.17
4.74
1.82
2. 92
4. 29
3.17
.82
2. 35
2. 90
2. 53
.27
2. 26
2.38
.29
.34
.32
.21
.18
.21
.25
135
122
45
30
16
52
43
13
6
3
53
48
25
14
10
30
31
7
10
3
96
78
43
38
18
37
20
11
7
4
32
35
20
19
7
27
23
12
12
7
73
12
32
2
24
7
17
3
28
9
10
4
11
3
7
2
$600
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families in survey_______________________
Number of households. __________________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___________________
Boarders only__________________________
Lodgers only__________________________
Other persons__________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total_______________________ _
Under 16 years of age_______ _____ _
16 years of age and over.... ...........
.
Expenditure units_______________ . . . ..
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family ______ _ _
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners________ __
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers__
Other net rents________________________
Interest and dividends_________________
Pensions and insurance annuities________
Gifts from persons outside economic fam
ily --------------------------------------Other sources of income______
______
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)_____________ _______ _
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)---- -------------. . .
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in lia b ilities)__________________
Inheritance____ __________
______
Average number of gainful workers per famiiiy -----------------------------------------
45
22
11
12
69
19
27
23
329
131
131
67
299
99
132
68
167
3
52
1
68
2
47
0
142
5
31
0
54
2
57
3
1.36
1.38
1.35
1.32
1.24
1. 35
1.19
1.19
Average amount of—
N et family income____ . . . _____________ $1, 571 $1, 362 $1, 634 $1,821 $1,496 $1, 326 $1, 457 $1, 731
1,438 1, 261 1,409 1, 665
Earnings of individuals- _ ___ ______
1, 474 1,287 1, 518 1, 714
1, 342 1,164 1,330 1,546
Chief earner_________ _ ----------- 1, 302 1,145 1, 334 1, 510
204
79
119
172
184
96
97
Subsidiary earners.. . ______________
142
Males: 16 years and over... ________
1, 300 1,171 1,286 1,456
1, 255 1,106 1, 309 1,412
Under 16 years______________
0
0
0
1
0)
0)
(0
0)
302
123
209
Females: 16 years and over______ . . .
209
138
90
219
180
Under 16 years____________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers _
64
31
38
26
32
66
61
54
12
10
Other net rents_____ _______________
12
10
7
8
7
6
Interest and dividends_________ _____
3
1
2
7
2
1
7
1
Pensions and insurance annuities____
24
9
6
9
13
12
8
4
Gifts from persons outside economic
2
9
fam ily.___ ________ ______________
6
18
5
6
10
10
2
4
9
Other sources of income___________ _
9
7
6
1
0)
Deductions from income (business losses
-2
-3
-2
-4
-4
and expenses)............................... . . .
-7
-2
-1
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
121
106
121
140
bilities) _____________________________
125
109
133
139
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabil
162
273
138
202
213
210
201
181
ities)________________________________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+39
-48
+14
-5
+17
+47
+26
families in survey____________________
+14
0
3
28
1
3
0
9
2
Inheritance_______ ________ ________
i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
412
T able
19.— Description of fam ilies studied, at 3 economic levels— Continued
W H ITE FAM ILIES
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
fami
lies
Lancaster, Pa.
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year—
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
153
153
4.42
112
112
4.93
30
30
3.28
11
11
2.38
14
0
4
1
8
0
1
1
5
0
3
0
4. 30
1.52
2. 78
3. 92
4.84
1.86
2.98
4.32
.13
38
17
15
8
9
11
16
All
fami
lies
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year—
Un
der
$400
$400
to
$600
151
151
3.87
75
75
4.66
46
46
3.44
30
30
2. 55
1
0
0
0
37
1
8
14
15
1
5
5
15
0
2
6
7
0
1
3
3.02
.70
2.32
2. 81
2.37
.31
2.06
2. 22
3.53
.88
2. 65
3. 26
4. 36
1.54
2.82
3. 94
3.00
.36
2.64
2.85
2.24
.03
2. 21
2.17
. 10
.29
.03
.35
.33
.45
.35
31
9
8
7
7
10
13
5
7
6
1
2
1
3
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
61
43
9
14
2
29
17
25
19
3
8
0
16
7
22
17
4
2
1
10
5
14
7
2
4
1
3
5
$600
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families in survey. _ ________________ .. .
Number of households____________________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers_________ ________
. --------- -__
Boarders o n ly ____
Lodgers only_____
_ __________
Other persons. _ ._ . . . ______ _______
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, to ta l._________________________
Under 16 years of age-------------------16 years of age and over_______________
Expenditure units_________ . . . ______
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family
_ _______
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of amilies having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners________ _
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers__
Other net rents____ ______ ___________ __
Interest and dividends._____ _ . . . ____
Pensions and insurance annuities___ . . .
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of in c o m e .____________ _
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses). . . _______ ___________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___ _ . . . _____. . .
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in labilities)___
___ _ . . . .
Inheritance
. . . ___ _____. . . _
Average number of gainful workers per fam
ily —
11
10
1
0
3
1
1
1
87
61
19
7
96
42
34
20
62
0
48
0
10
0
4
0
54
0
33
0
12
0
9
0
1.34
1.39
1.18
1.26
1. 54
1.51
1. 62
1.50
Average amount of—
N et family income___________ ______ $1,188 $1,079 $1,444 $1, 616
Earnings of individuals ______________ 1,125 1,031 1,302 1, 611
Chief earner_____ _____ _
______
932 1, 215 1,537
1,031
Subsidiary earners____ _____ ________
74
94
99
87
Males: 16 years and over____ _______ 1,022
952 1,095 1,537
Under 16 years______________
1
1
0
0
Females: 16 years and over__________
102
78
74
207
Under 16 years____________
0
0
0
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers .
12
1
16
37
Other net rents______________ __ . _ .
4
7
5
15
Interest and dividends.._ _ ______ __
1
1
1
0
Pensions and insurance annuities____ _
16
76
26
0
Gifts from persons outside economic
family____ ______ _________
_ .
6
1
5
0
Other sources of income_____________
13
14
15
0
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)____ __________ . .
-5
-6
-3
0
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
bilities)_____ ________________________
151
116
227
251
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabil
ities) _________________ ____________
195
121
321
776
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+11
families in survey___ _______ ______ _
+37 -123
+7
0
0
0
0
Inheritance _____ . . . __________ _____
i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
$1, 336 $1,151 $1, 417 $1, 676
1,244 1,070 1, 315 1,570
922 1,051 1,287
1,034
148
264
210
283
1,024
912 1,068 1,239
0
0
C
1)
0)
158
220
247
331
0
0
0
0
48
46
54
46
6
1
8
15
4
5
3
1
2
0
1
8
11
22
-1
116
132
+27
0
10
19
94
120
0)
0
21
16
-1
0)
7
30
-1
110
175
83
243
+59
0
+44
0
413
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
19.—
D escrip tio n o f fa m ilie s stu died , at 8 econ om ic levels — Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Manchester, N. H.
Item
All
fami
lies
Philadelphia, Pa.
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
146
146
4.21
76
76
5.18
41
41
3. 47
29
29
2. 76
34
5
2
5
17
4
1
4
9
0
1
1
3. 83
.96
2. 87
3. 55
4. 78
1. 52
3. 26
4. 41
.42
86
40
13
10
3
16
4
All
fami
lies
E conom ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un
der
$400
$400
to
$600
498
498
4.27
204
204
5. 45
152
152
3. 82
142
142
3.07
8
1
0
0
74
6
18
17
31
1
4
6
21
1
2
4
22
4
12
7
3.16
.55
2. 61
2.94
2. 25
.06
2.19
2.17
4.04
1.12
2. 92
3. 73
5. 21
1.88
3. 33
4.96
3. 64
.82
2. 82
3. 39
2. 76
.33
2. 43
2. 61
.42
.32
.52
.24
.23
.19
.32
54
22
6
3
2
11
1
19
9
5
3
1
4
2
13
9
2
4
0
1
1
199
91
18
39
22
27
47
88
35
6
13
6
7
16
68
23
4
10
5
11
17
43
33
8
16
11
9
14
$600
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families in s u r v e y _____________________
Number of households____ _ ______
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lo d g ers_______ ______ _
Boarders o n ly ___ _________ ________ __
Lodgers only ________ ___________ _ _ ._
Other persons. _______________ . . .
___
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total. __ ______ . _. ______ __
Under 16 years of age.. _ _ ________
16 years of age and over______________
Expenditure units___ _________________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family . __ ______ _
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners ._ __ .._
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers__
Other net rents _ _____________________
Interest and dividends_______________ _
Pensions and insurance annuities_______
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income. _____________ .
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)______ __________ _ _ _
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities). ________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities) . . . . _________
Inheritance___________ _ _________ . . .
Average number of gainful workers per
fa m ily _______ _____ ____ _ _ _ _ _____
3
2
1
0
12
2
3
7
87
45
28
14
311
133
101
77
56
0
31
0
11
0
14
0
183
0
69
0
50
0
64
0
1.86
2. 09
1. 63
1.55
1. 57
1.62
1.65
1.40
Average amount of—
N et family income____________ _. . . . $1, 405 $1, 359 $1, 375 $1, 559 $1, 601 $1, 317 $1, 698 $1, 905
Earnings of individuals___ ____ _______ 1, 324 1, 274 1, 302 1,470
1, 501 1,241 1, 618 1, 750
985
886 1,009 1,199
Chief earner _ ______ _ ______ _ _ _
1, 218 1, 011 1,266 1, 466
339
388
293
271
Subsidiary earners__________________
283
230
352
284
Males: 16 years and o v e r __________
980
914
958 1,179
1,242 1, 010 1, 317 1,494
Under 16 years.. ___________
1
1
0
0
0
0
(9
0)
Females: 16 years and over
______
343
359
344
291
259
231
256
301
Under 16 years___________
0
0
0
0
0
(9
(9
(9
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.
61
65
45
74
47
48
41
52
Other net r e n t s . ___ ___________ __ _ .
8
10
7
6
3
3
2
5
Interest and dividends_________ _____
3
1
3
8
4
1
3
9
Pensions and insurance annuities___ _
4
3
10
0
18
6
8
45
Gifts from persons outside economic
family _________________________ __
5
7
6
6
7
10
5
(9
Other sources of income_______________
1
2
l
22
12
17
42
(9
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses). . . .
. _______
-1
-1
0
-1
-1
-3
(9
(9
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
bilities). . . . . . . __________ _____ __
141
143
117
184
153
175
127
168
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
bilities) ____________ _______________
172
185
130
253
242
349
160
220
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+32
-34
families in su rv ey ._ . . . _ ________ _
+ 18
+31
+6
+28
+44
-66
0
0
0
0
Inheritance_____
__ _________ . . .
0
0
0
0
i Less than $0.50.
Notes o n this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
414
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
19.—
D esc rip tio n o f fa m ilie s stu died , at 3 econ om ic levels —
Philadelphia, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
All
fami
lies
Continued
Pittsburgh, Pa.—White
families
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
101
101
4.03
55
55
5.17
31
31
2.83
15
15
2. 35
9
0
18
1
7
0
6
0
2
0
7
1
3. 76
1.26
2. 50
3.49
4. 92
2.15
2.77
4. 50
.28
56
27
3
3
2
9
7
All
fami
lies
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
346
346
4.25
151
151
5.35
119
119
3. 75
76
76
2.84
0
0
5
0
16
50
15
6
6
15
6
1
3
23
7
2
7
12
2
3
2.54
.26
2.28
2. 44
2.05
.08
1.97
1.98
3. 96
1.19
2.77
3.65
5.13
1.92
3. 21
4. 70
3. 39
.82
2. 57
3.14
2. 52
.32
2.20
2. 36
.25
.30
.30
.29
.22
.36
.32
27
13
2
0
0
6
4
18
9
1
1
2
3
2
11
5
0
2
0
0
1
69
82
28
183
13
32
11
37
29
12
68
6
14
4
20
31
9
71
3
13
0
12
22
7
44
4
5
7
$600
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families in survey_______________________
Number of households--------------Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers--------- ---------Boarders only--------------------------Lodgers only-----------------------------Other p erso n s---------------------------Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total________ _
___ ____
Under 16 years of age-------------------16 years of age and over--------------Expenditure units____________________ _
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family-------------E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners----------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. __
Other net rents________________________
Interest and d iv id e n d s .---- -----------Pensions and insurance annuities--------Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income______ _. ---Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)__________
--------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)._ ------ . ------Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)___________________
Inheritance____________________________
Average number of gainful workers per
family....................... ....................................
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
71
39
23
9
198
85
71
42
28
0
15
0
7
0
6
0
144
0
65
0
46
0
33
0
1.63
1.59
1. 64
1.74
1.26
1.33
1.24
1.15
Average amount of—
N et family income________________ . . .
$1, 203 $1,133 $1, 251 $1, 362 $1, 503 $1, 345 $1, 561 $1, 722
Earnings of individuals----------------1,136 1,066 1,176 1, 312
1, 412 1, 273 1,461 1, 610
952
994
Chief earner____________ . . . --- . . .
919
923 1, 366 1,489
940
1,309
Subsidiary earners------------------196
224
121
147
318
103
350
95
Males: 16 years and over---- -----963
942
998
968
1,269 1,175 1,283 1,433
Under 16 y e a r s _____________
0
0
0
0
0
0
(0
(0
Females: 16 years and over__________
173
124
178
344
143
98
178
177
Under 16 y e a r s ___________
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. _
44
42
48
44
45
57
75
56
Other net rents_______________________
4
5
6
0
8
13
7
7
Interest and dividends_______ _____ _
1
11
13
0
6
15
(0
0)
2
Pensions and insurance annuities------0
6
0
4
6
4
0)
Gifts from persons outside economic
family_____________________________
6
7
6
0
5
5
5
5
Other sources of income__________
11
13
9
4
4
6
0
19
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)______________________
0
0
0
0
0
0
(0
(0
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in lia
102
124
86
113
168
135
bilities)______________________________
195
192
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
128
83
197
163
bilities) ________ ___________________
197
136
221
284
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+36
+ 39
+48
+18
families in survey____________________
+2
-17
+14
+31
0
0
0
0
0
Inheritance_____ ______ _______ _______ _
0
0
0
i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
415
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
19.—
D esc rip tio n o f fa m ilie s stu died , at 3 econ om ic levels —
Pittsburgh, Pa.—Negro
families
Item
All
fami
lies
C ontin u ed
Portland, Maine—White
families
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
97
97
3. 36
49
49
4.06
35
35
2. 69
13
13
2. 56
4
5
7
3
0
3
1
3
2
1
5
0
3.16
0. 77
2. 39
2. 96
3. 98
1.38
2. 60
3. 69
0. 21
21
14
4
56
6
5
8
All
fami
lies
E conom ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
153
153
4.10
66
66
5.22
50
50
3. 59
37
37
2.97
2
1
1
0
24
2
0
6
11
0
0
3
8
0
0
1
5
2
0
2
2.40
0. 21
2.19
2.29
2. 08
0
2. 08
2. 02
3.93
1. 32
2. 61
3. 59
5.06
2. 35
2. 71
4. 53
3.44
0.80
2. 64
3.16
2.63
0. 21
2.42
2. 48
0.10
0.27
0.49
0.19
0.18
0.20
0.20
10
3
4
30
5
2
1
6
8
0
19
1
3
4
5
3
0
7
0
0
3
41
22
7
10
5
29
5
20
10
0
0
0
16
2
11
7
3
3
5
9
2
10
5
4
7
0
4
1
$600
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
..............
Families in survey......................
Number of households____ _____ __________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___________________
Boarders only__________________________
Lodgers only. _________________________
Other persons_______________ _________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total_____________________ ____
Under 16 years of age_________________
16 years of age and over_____________ .
Expenditure units______________________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family____________
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers—
Other net rents________________________
Interest and dividends__________________
Pensions and insurance annuities_____
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income____________ . . .
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)________________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities) ________________ __
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)___ _______________
Inheritance___ _ . . . .
Average number of gainful workers per
family____________________________ . . .
4
2
2
0
27
10
9
8
57
34
17
6
93
42
31
20
39
0
15
0
17
0
7
0
57
2
22
1
18
0
17
1
1.27
1.26
1.24
1. 40
1. 38
1. 39
1. 34
1. 41
Average amount of—
N et family income_____________________ $1, 071
1,030
Earnings of individuals_______________
971
Chief earner_______________________
59
Subsidiary earners______ _______ _
949
Males: 16 years and over___________
Under 16 years.
________
0
81
Females: 16 years and over ._ ______
Under 16 years______
0
22
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.. .
Other net rents... _______ _. _______
3
Interest and dividends____ _________
6
Pensions and insurance annuities______
4
Gifts from persons outside economic
fa m ily ______________ _______ _
1
6
Other sources of income_______________
Deductions from income (business
-1
losses and expenses)________ _______
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in lia
86
bilities)__________ ^_________ _______
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
104
bilities)_________________ ___________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey_____________________
+9
0
Inheritance________________ __________
1 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
$994 $1,057 $1,404
967 1,012 1,319
929
951 1,183
38
61
136
868
976 1,183
0
0
0
99
36
136
0
0
0
5
29
66
5
0
0
4
6
6
2
8
0
2
6
1
4
-2
82
0)
98
$1, 505 $1,286 $1, 560 $1, 826
1,464 1,248 1,511 1,791
1,307 1, 111 1,382 1,561
137
129
157
230
1,291 1,107 1,389 1,485
4
0
0
0)
173
137
122
306
0
0
0)
(0
18
21
21
20
5
3
0
7
6
0
3
18
16
5
0
0
0
15
12
1
17
2
12
0
3
0
0
-6
-2
-5
-14
72
144
109
139
225
77
119
129
142
128
117
186
+34
0
-10
0
-36
0
+35
4
+27
3
+44
0
+37
11
416
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
19.—
D esc rip tio n o f fa m ilie s stu died , at 8 econom ic levels — Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIES
Rochester, N . Y.
Item
All
fami
lies
Scranton, Pa.
E con om ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
Un
der
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
301
301
3.63
95
95
4.71
115
115
3. 46
91
91
2.69
59
1
3
5
15
0
0
1
23
1
2
2
3.40
0.84
2. 56
3.15
4.56
1. 65
2.91
4.17
0.25
97
63
11
73
14
34
15
All
fami
lies
E conom ic le v e l—
Families spending
per expenditure
unit per year
U n
der
$400
$400
to
$600
231
231
3. 94
96
96
4.89
95
95
3. 46
40
40
2.76
21
0
1
2
27
2
1
0
8
1
0
0
12
0
1
0
7
1
0
0
3.24
0.69
2. 55
3.01
2.37
0.19
2. 18
2.26
3. 75
1.29
2. 46
3. 41
4. 76
1.97
2. 79
4. 30
3.33
1. 04
2.29
2. 98
2. 46
0.31
2.15
2. 30
0.16
0.26
0.34
0.18
0.14
0.18
0.31
29
15
4
14
3
10
4
41
25
4
36
2
14
8
27
23
3
23
9
10
3
38
30
19
26
3
13
6
17
9
8
12
1
5
2
16
13
8
12
2
8
3
5
8
3
2
0
0
1
$600
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families in survey____ ____ ______________
Number of households___ ____________ ___
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers___________ ____ _ _
Boarders only. ________ . . . . _
...
Lodgers o n ly .._____ _ . . . ------------Other persons._ . . . _________ ______
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total____ _ _____ . . .
-----Under 16 years of age---- . . . . . ------16 years of age and over. . _ _______
Expenditure units.. _ . . . . . . ------ ----Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family------------ .
E a r n i n g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners....... . ........
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_
_
Other net rents___. . . ________ . . . _ . . .
Interest and dividends.. _____________
Pensions and insurance annuities_____ __
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income______. . . . . . .
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)------ ------- . . . _.
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)_______ . _______
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)--- -- . _ . . --Inheritance____________ ___________ _
Average number of gainful workers per
family____ ______ ...
----------------
37
8
20
9
5
3
2
0
181
55
74
52
144
60
62
22
113
0
37
0
40
0
36
0
83
0
35
0
32
0
16
0
1.21
1.23
1.19
1.22
1.19
1. 23
1.19
1.13
Average amount of—
Net family incom e.. --------- . . . . . . . . . $1, 502 $1, 289 $1, 482 $1, 754
1, 420 1, 233 1, 407 1, 636
Earnings of individuals_______________
Chief earner_____ . . . ___ _________ 1,260 1,118 1,240 1,438
Subsidiary earners----------- -----. . .
160
115
198
167
Males: 16 years and over___________
1, 214 1, 068 1,173 1, 418
Under 16 years--------- . . . _
0
0
0
0)
Females: 16 years and over---- -----234
206
165
218
Under 16 years_________ __
0
0
0
0)
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers...
46
31
42
66
Other net rents______
_____ ______
4
2
3
6
Interest and dividends _ . .
11
4
9
20
Pensions and insurance a n n u itie s._____
24
10
9
0
Gifts from persons outside economic
familv___ __ _______ . .... . . . . .
6
5
7
8
Other sources of income. _____________
9
15
5
6
Deductions from income (business losses
-4
-4
and expenses)_______ ______
. .
-4
-5
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in lia
bilities)_______ ________________ ..
160
110
158
215
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
211
294
229
184
bilities)---------------------------------N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+ 28
+6
-8
families in survey____ _ . . .
--------+ 10
0
0
0
0
Inheritance-------------- ---------------i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
$1, 401 $1, 268 $1, 445 $1, 621
1,351 1, 233 1, 388 1, 549
1,267 1,153 1, 283 1,501
84
80
105
48
1, 254 1,117 1, 285 1,516
1
1
0
0
96
115
103
33
0
0
0
0
29
20
28
51
10
8
10
13
1
1
1
1
1
3
0
0
5
5
5
8
8
0
7
-1
0
138
122
158
226
162
228
365
+2
0
+ 27
0
+3
0
-59
0
-1
134
1
0
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
19.—
417
D escrip tio n o f fa m ilie s stu died , at 3 econ om ic levels —
C ontinued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M ASS.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All fami
lies
Under
$400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u seh o ld
Families in survey__ ______________________________
Number of households____________________________
Average number of persons in household.
_ _____
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers____________________________
Boarders only___________________________________
Lodgers only . . .
-----------------------Other persons___________________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___________________________________
Under 16 years of age___________________________
16 years of age and over.. ------- -------------Expenditure un its._ _ . . . . . . . . ______________
Average number of persons in household not members
of economic family. _ ___________ . __________
248
248
3.99
81
81
5.26
99
99
3.67
68
68
2.94
41
3
6
8
6
2
1
2
18
1
1
2
17
0
4
4
3. 75
1.11
2. 64
3. 46
5.14
1.98
3.16
4. 72
3.45
.99
2.46
3.17
2. 51
.23
2. 28
2. 32
.28
.14
.25
.46
90
49
14
16
13
19
4
33
10
6
3
1
5
2
30
17
2
5
7
6
0
27
22
6
8
5
8
2
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners--------------------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. . . _______
------Other net rents. ---- ------- . . . --Interest and dividends ----------------------------Pensions and insurance annuities.______ __________
Gifts from persons outside economic family________
Other sources of income ____________________ . . .
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
penses)________________
___ ___ . -------Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in
lia b ilitie s ).._______ . . . . _______________ _____
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in
liabilities)------ ---------------------------------Inheritance_________________ ____ _______________
Average number of gainful workers per family. _____
Average amount of—
Net family income
-------------------- -- ----Earnings of individuals-------- . ______________
Chief earner.______ _ ______ _ . ______ ____
Subsidiary earners___________________________
Males: 16 years and over_______ _________ ._ _
Under 16 years. _ ____________
Females: 16 years and o v e r __________________
Under 16 years________ . . . ________
Net earnings from boarders and lodgers_____ _ __
Other net rents.___________ ______ ____ _______
Interest and dividends___ _
___ ______ _
.
Pensions and insurance annuities______
Gifts from persons outside economic fa m ily ______
Other sources of income
________ . . . ______
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
penses)_____________________________________
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities)______________
Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in
assets and/or increase in liabilities) _
_________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families in
survey___________ _ _______ _______ _ _
In h erita n ce..___ . . . ______ . __________ _____
1 Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
10
1
5
4
158
49
71
38
77
0
1. 47
25
0
1.55
25
0
1.43
27
0
1.45
$1, 566
1, 475
1, 273
202
1, 246
0)
229
0
57
$1, 396
1, 351
1,158
193
1,176
1
174
0
35
1
1
$1, 557
1,475
1, 305
170
1, 261
0)
214
0
48
1
3
24
$1, 783
1, 623
1,364
259
1, 305
0
318
0
97
10
4
3
18
8
3
4
4
1
7
0
7
24
16
10
-2
-1
-1
-4
139
124
124
188
234
168
197
329
+16
0
+23
0
+39
0
-26
0
418
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
20.—
E x p en d itu res f o r grou ps o f item s , at 8 econ om ic levels
W H IT E FA M IL IE S
Boston, Mass.
Item
All
families
Buffalo, N. Y.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r G r o u p s o f I te m s
Families in survey_______________
Average family size:
Persons_______________________
Expenditure units. ___ ________
Clothing expenditure units ___
516
196
202
118
450
133
189
128
4.00
3.64
3.09
5.21
4.68
3.81
3. 67
3. 36
2. 81
2. 54
2.40
2.14
3.45
3.17
2.69
4. 74
4.29
3. 59
3.17
2.90
2. 47
2. 53
2. 38
2. 07
$1, 353
553
127
275
138
41
21
$1, 631
579
161
325
148
59
46
$1, 833
544
188
382
135
86
66
$1, 497
502
155
252
121
52
65
$1, 296
515
134
220
116
37
28
$1, 426
491
150
242
121
48
60
$1, 817
505
184
299
128
75
110
8
49
23
32
51
5
3
19
24
59
28
57
78
10
5
24
81
71
30
62
94
7
9
29
106
31
28
53
79
4
4
19
58
27
25
34
64
8
2
15
84
33
27
47
76
3
4
17
188
34
33
79
98
4
5
26
7
1
17
11
38
11
18
8
9
4
18
5
31
18
100.0
35.8
9.8
20.3
9.0
3.7
2.6
100.0
40.8
9.4
20.3
10.2
3.0
1.6
100.0
35.5
9.9
19.9
9.1
3.6
2.8
100.0
29.6
10.3
20.8
7.4
4.7
3.6
100.0
33.5
10.3
16.8
8.1
3.5
4.3
100.0
39.7
10.3
16.9
9.0
2.9
2.2
100.0
34.4
10. 5
16.9
8.5
3.4
4.2
100.0
27.8
10.1
16.5
7.0
4.1
6.1
2.0
3.7
1.7
3.1
4.6
.4
.3
1.5
.6
3.6
1.7
2.4
3.8
.4
.2
1.4
1.5
3.6
1.7
3.5
4.8
.6
.3
1.5
4.4
3.9
1.6
3.4
5.1
.4
.5
1.6
7.1
2.1
1.9
3.5
5.3
.3
.3
1.3
4.5
2.1
1.9
2.6
4.9
.6
.2
1.2
5.9
2.3
1.9
3.3
5.3
.2
.3
1.2
10.4
1.9
1.8
4.3
5.4
.2
.3
L4
1.1
.4
.5
.1
1.0
.7
2.1
.6
1.2
.5
.7
.3
1.3
.4
1.7
1.0
Average annual expenditure for—
All items------------------------- $1, 570
Food_________ ____________
561
Clothing____________________
154
Housing_____________________
319
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.. _
141
Other household operation____
58
Furnishings and equipm ent--41
Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and
m aintenance.. ___________
31
Other transportation______. . .
58
Personal c a re ____________ . . .
26
Medical care___________ _____
49
Recreation__________________
72
Education __________________
7
Vocation _ __ __ _ __
5
Community welfare. ._ __ __ _
23
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
fa m ily ., _________________
18
7
Other items
_ __________ __
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All items-------------- -F o o d ------- ----------------Clothing_______ _______ ._
Housing.
-----------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration. __
Other household operation. _ .
Furnishings and equipment--Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and
m aintenance._ _______ _____
Other transportation_________
Personal care.. ___ ____ _
M edical care_________________
R ecreation __________________
Education--------------------V o ca tio n _______________
Community welfare. _ ____
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
fam ily. . . . ___________ .
Other items . _ __ _ .
._ ._
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
419
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
20.—
E x p en d itu res f o r grou p s o f item s , at 3 econ om ic levels — Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Johnstown, Pa.
Item
All
families
Lancaster, Pa.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey______________
Average family size:
Persons_______________________
Expenditure units, total________
Clothing expenditure units_____
153
112
30
11
151
75
46
30
4.30
3.92
3.24
4. 84
4. 32
3. 59
3. 02
2.81
2.43
2. 37
2. 22
1.89
3. 53
3. 26
2. 78
4. 36
3. 94
3.25
3.00
2. 85
2. 48
2.24
2.17
2.06
$1, 066
375
112
189
80
41
44
$1, 408
363
152
248
97
57
90
$1, 733
425
175
276
108
77
72
$1, 312
442
146
212
129
52
49
$1,164
446
131
191
125
41
36
$1, 352
432
136
214
134
53
60
$1, 640
448
202
260
131
79
68
39
23
20
41
53
5
2
29
95
25
24
83
79
2
5
38
206
54
25
140
72
0
8
44
53
18
28
54
78
6
52
22
28
63
82
9
1
31
137
30
38
52
112
11
20
20
11
24
50
62
3
0
14
9
4
48
2
48
3
17
8
7
3
20
15
39
12
100.0
31.8
10.4
17.5
7.3
3.9
4.7
100.0
35.2
10.5
17.7
7.5
3.8
4.1
100.0
25.8
10.8
17.7
6.9
4.0
6.4
100.0
24.5
10.1
15.9
6.2
4.4
4.2
100.0
33.7
11.2
16.2
9.8
4.0
3.7
100.0
38.3
11.2
16.4
10.7
3.5
3.1
100.0
31.9
10.1
15.8
9.9
3.9
4.4
100.0
27.3
12.3
15.9
8.0
4.8
4.1
5.2
2.2
1.8
4.8
5.1
.3
.3
2.7
3.7
2.2
1.9
3.8
5.0
.5
.2
2.7
6.7
1.8
1.7
5.9
5.6
.1
.4
2.7
11.9
3.1
1.4
8.1
4.2
0
.5
2.5
4.0
1.4
2.1
4.1
5.9
.5
(2)
1.5
1.7
1.0
2.1
4.3
5.3
.3
0
1.2
3.8
1.6
2.1
4.7
6.1
.7
.1
2.3
8.4
1.8
2.3
3.2
6.8
.7
0
1.3
1.7
.3
.8
.4
3.4
.1
2.8
.2
1.3
.6
.6
.3
1.5
1.1
2.4
.7
Average annual expenditure for—
All items____________________ . $1,182
Food________________________
376
Clothing___________________
124
H o u sin g ____________________
207
Fuel, light, and refrigeration__
86
Other household operation____
46
Furnishings and equipment___
55
Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and
maintenance______________
62
Other transportation_________
26
21
Personal care_________________
Medical care_________________
57
Recreation___________________
60
Education________________
4
Vocation________ _ ________
3
Community welfare_______ __
32
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family_____________________
20
Other item s_________________
3
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All ite m s _____________________
Food_______________________
Clothing____________________
Housing ---------------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration___
Other household operation. __
Furnishings and equipment___
Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and
maintenance_ ___________
_
Other transportation______
Personal care________ ___ _
Medical care_____________ _
Recreation________ _______
Education___________________
V o ca tio n ________ ____ . . . _
Community welfare________ _
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family
________________
Other items ________ ______
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes in this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
0)
0)
21
420
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 2 0 . — E x p e n d itu r es f o r gro u p s o f item s , at 3 econ om ic levels — Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Manchester, N . H.
Item
All
families
Philadelphia, Pa.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I t e m s
Families in survey. _ ____________
Average family size:
Persons._
___________
Expenditure units. _ _________
Clothing expenditure units_____
146
76
41
29
498
204
152
142
3.83
3. 55
3.12
4.78
4.41
3.80
3.16
2.94
2. 59
2. 25
2.17
2. 07
4.04
3.73
3. 24
5.21
4. 76
4.03
3.64
3. 39
2.99
2. 76
2. 61
2. 37
$1,334
508
172
168
136
48
48
$1, 356
470
174
198
129
44
59
$1,602
434
170
229
133
57
122
$1,602
580
170
246
125
64
61
$1, 299
551
128
200
118
45
30
$1,652
597
180
253
133
72
58
$1,981
603
222
303
126
83
106
44
15
26
49
63
4
7
28
56
16
26
47
80
5
7
25
177
6
34
67
98
9
13
29
56
58
33
52
85
6
5
23
18
48
28
33
58
8
4
18
42
62
35
58
93
3
6
25
125
69
38
71
117
7
5
28
10
8
17
3
22
2
26
12
7
5
27
8
52
26
100.0
34.6
12.4
13.6
9.6
3.5
4.7
100.0
38.1
12.9
12.6
10.2
3.6
3.6
100.0
34.7
12.8
14.6
9.5
3.2
4.4
100.0
27.1
10.6
14.3
8.3
3.6
7.6
100.0
36.3
10.6
15.4
7.8
4.0
3.8
100.0
42.4
9.9
15.4
9.1
3.5
2.3
100.0
36.2
10.9
15.3
8.0
4.4
3.5
100.0
30.4
11.2
15.3
6.4
4.2
5.3
5.3
1.0
1.9
3.7
5.4
.4
.6
1.9
3.3
1.1
2.0
3.7
4.8
.3
.5
2.0
4.1
1.2
1.9
3.5
5.9
.4
.5
11.0
.4
2.1
4.2
6.1
.6
.8
1.8
3.5
3.6
2.1
3.2
5.3
.4
.3
1.4
1.4
3.6
2.2
2.5
4.5
.6
.3
1.4
2.5
3.8
2.1
3.5
5.6
.2
.4
1.5
6.3
3.5
1.9
3.6
5.9
.4
.3
1.4
1.0
.4
.6
.7
1.3
1.4
.1
1.6
.5
.4
1.6
2.6
1.3
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items.
--------------------- $1, 392
482
Food— ____
___________
172
Clothing____________________
Housing. __________________
189
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_
_
134
Other household operation____
49
Furnishings and equipment--65
Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and
74
m aintenance.. ___________
14
Other transportation______ _
27
Personal care.. ______________
52
Medical care_______
______
75
Recreation_____________ . . . .
Education___ _______________
5
Vocation____. . . . ._ __
8
Community welfare
_
27
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
14
family ______ . . . . ______
5
Other it e m s _________________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for:
All items. --------------- — Food _ --- ----------------- _
Clothing. __ . . . ----------- ._
Housing_____________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_
_
Other household operation.. _
Furnishings and equipment___
Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and
maintenance _ ___________
Other transportation________
Personal care___ ___________
Medical care------------------Recreation__________________
Education---------------- ----Vocation____________________
Community welfare _. ______
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family______ ______________
Other item s____
__________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
1.8
.2
.7
.5
421
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
20.—
E x p en d itu res f o r grou p s o f item s , at 3 econ om ic levels — Continued
Philadelphia, Pa..—Negro families
Item
All
families
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
Pittsburgh, Pa.-—
White families
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f I te m s
Families in survey_______________
Average family size:
Persons..- -------- -------- . . .
Expenditure units_____________
Clothing expenditure units_____
101
55
31
346
151
119
76
3.76
3.49
2. 94
4.92
4. 50
3. 64
2. 54
2.44
2.20
2.05'
1.98
1. 92
3.96
3.65
3.08
5.13
4. 70
3.91
3.39
3.14
2.65
2. 52
2. 36
2.09
$1,109
410
103
246
114
33
17
$1, 210
377
121
248
119
35
46
$1, 389
408
138
243
107
50
81
$1, 483
490
153
283
96
55
64
$1, 327
511
146
230
96
45
44
$1, 530
478
155
311
101
57
74
$1, 738
471
163
345
89
73
88
17
41
24
27
51
2
1
13
8
66
25
40
62
4
2
22
85
64
28
43
72
2
3
21
67
48
26
60
81
3
5
25
23
47
26
47
73
3
3
22
62
50
26
70
82
4
5
23
161
49
29
72
97
4
10
35
9
1
33
2
44
0
16
11
7
4
16
16
35
17
100.0
33.8
9.7
20.8
9.7
3.1
3.0
100.0
37.0
9.3
22.2
10.3
2.9
1.5
100.0
31.1
10.0
20.5
9.8
2.9
3.8
100.0
29.4
9.9
17.5
7.7
3.6
5.8
100.0
33.1
10.3
19.1
6.5
3.7
4.3
100.0
38.6
11.0
17.4
7.2
3.4
3.3
100.0
31.3
10.1
20.3
6.6
3.7
4.8
100.0
27.1
9.4
19.8
5.1
4.2
5.1
2.0
4.4
2.1
2.8
4.8
.3
.1
1.4
1.5
3.7
2.2
2.4
4.6
.2
.1
1.2
.7
5.5
2.1
3.3
5.1
.3
.2
1.8
6.1
4.6
2.0
3.1
5.2
.2
.2
1.5
4.5
3.2
1.8
4.0
5.5
.2
.3
1.7
1.7
3.5
2.0
3.5
5.5
.2
.2
1.7
4.1
3.3
1.7
4.6
5.4
.3
.3
1.5
9.3
2.8
1.7
4.1
5.6
.2
.6
2.0
1.9
.1
.8
.1
2.7
.2
3.2
0
1.1
.7
.5
.3
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
Average annual expenditure for—
$1,180
All items________ _ . . . ____
399
Food________________________
114
Clothing.__ _ . . . _ _ ________
246
Housing___ ___________ . . .
Fuel, light, and refrigeration—
115
Other household operation___
36
Furnishings and equipment___
35
Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and
24
maintenance______________
52
Other transportation.______ _
25
Personal care_______________
33
Medical care____________ _ _
Recreation__ __ __________ _
57
Education___________________
3
Vocation____________________
1
17
Community w elfare____
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
22
family___________________
1
Other items______ .
_ _ ...
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All items_______________ _____
Food _
_ _ _.
Clothing. ______
________
Housing____ ____ _
______
Fuel, light, and refrigeration—
Other household operation____
Furnishings and equipment___
Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and
maintenance___________ _
Other transportation ___ _ _ _
Personal care __ ______ . . . _
Medical care.__ . . . _ . . . _
R ecrea tio n .____ ____
__________
Education___
Vocation _ . . . _______ _ _.
Community welfare______ . . .
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family ... ________________
Other items.
__
________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
'
15
422
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 2 0 . — E x p e n d itu r es f o r gro u p s o f item s, at 8 econ om ic levels —
Pittsburgh, Pa.--Negro families
Item
All
families
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
* and
over
Continued
Portland, Maine.—W hite families
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey_______________
Average family size:
Persons_____________ ________ __
Expenditure units______________
Clothing expenditure u n it s _____
Average annual current expendi
ture for—
All items------ -----------------Food_______ ____ ____ _
Clothing________________ ___
Housing_ ___ ______________
_
_
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_
Other household operation____
Furnishings and equipment___
Automobile and m otorcyclepurchase, operation, and
maintenance_____ _________
Other transportation__ ______
Personal care-----------------—
Medical care__ _______ _____
Recreation__________________
Education___ __ ___ ____
Vocation____________________
Community welfare________
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family ------ --------------Other it e m s ________
__ _
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for—
All item s.........................................
Food_______ _______ _________
Clothing______________
Housing __ _______________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration—
Other household operation__
Furnishings and equipment--Automobile and motorcycle—
purchase, operation, and
maintenance. _____ _______
Other transportation _ __ ___
Personal care_________ _
__
Medical care___ _____ _
__
R e crea tio n .___ . . . _________
Education_____________ ___
Vocation________ _________
Community welfare._ _ _ . ___
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family___ ____ _ ________ _
Other items_____
_
97
49
35
13
153
66
50
37
3.16
2.96
2.51
3.98
3. 69
3. 03
2.40
2. 29
2.06
2.09
2.02
1.81
3.93
3. 59
3. 03
5.06
4. 53
3.70
3.44
3.16
2. 67
2.63
2. 48
2. 32
$1,073
343
97
243
91
39
39
$968
350
80
230
90
36
30
$1,085
328
108
239
89
37
39
$1,415
351
129
305
97
55
73
$1,483
488
154
254
136
57
59
$1, 276
494
119
228
121
41
40
$1, 512
476
154
254
141
58
77
$1,820
493
216
300
155
87
70
30
34
23
38
50
1
2
16
16
30
20
26
40
1
1
12
39
35
27
44
52
3
20
60
48
26
64
77
0
1
24
81
20
31
58
89
11
2
21
49
15
26
41
72
2
1
15
83
21
33
67
89
9
3
25
138
26
39
78
120
28
4
24
6
22
3
101
4
20
2
9
3
20
2
41
1
100.0
31.9
9.0
22.7
8.5
3.7
3.6
100.0
36.1
8.3
23.8
9.3
3.7
3.1
100.0
30.2
10.0
22.0
8.2
3.4
3.6
100.0
24.8
9.1
21.6
6.9
3.9
5.2
100.0
33.0
10.4
17.1
9.2
3.8
4.0
100.0
38.8
9.3
17.9
9.5
3.2
3.1
100.0
31.5
10.2
16.9
9.3
3.8
5.1
100.0
27.1
11.9
16.5
8.5
4.8
3.8
2.8
3.2
2.1
3.5
4.7
.1
.2
1.5
1.7
3.1
2.1
2.7
4.1
.1
.1
1.2
3.6
3.2
2.5
4.1
4.8
(2)
.3
1.8
4.2
3.4
1.8
4.5
5.4
0
.1
1.7
5.4
1.4
2.1
3.9
6.0
.7
.1
1.4
3.8
1.2
2.0
3.2
5.6
.2
.1
1.2
5.5
1.4
2.2
4.4
5.9
.6
.2
1.6
7.6
1.4
2.1
4.3
6.6
1.5
.2
1.3
2.0
.3
7.1
.3
1.4
.1
.7
.2
1.3
.1
2.3
.1
25
2
2.3
.2
0)
.6
(2)
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
N otes on this table are in appendix A. p. 465.
0)
423
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
30.—
E x p en d itu res f o r grou p s o f item s at 3 econ om ic levels — Continued
W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Rochester, N.Y.
Item
All
families
Scranton, Pa.
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
All
fami
lies
Economic level—Fami
lies spending per ex
penditure unit per
year
Under
$400
$400
to
$600
$600
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in su rvey.. ____________
Average family size:
Persons_____ _________ ___ ___ _
Expenditure units. ______ __
Clothing expenditure units. _ _
Average annual current expenditure for:
All items______________________
Food_____ _________________
Clothing. __ __________ ___
H o u sin g _______ ________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_
_
Other household operation. __
Furnishings and equipment___
Automobile and motorcycle—
p u r c h a s e , operation, and
maintenance_____ ________ _
Other transportation._______
Personal care _______ ______
Medical care. __ ._ ________
Recreation______
______
Education______ . . . _______
Vocation . . . _______________
Community welfare__________
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
fa m ily ____________________
Other item s________ _________
Percentage of total annual current
expenditure for:
All ite m s ----------------------Food _ ____________________
Clothing. _________ ______
Housing----------------------Fuel, light, and refrigeration.__
Other household operation___
Furnishings and equipment___
Automobile and m otorcyclep u r c h a s e , operation, and
m aintenance.. _______ . . .
Other transportation______. . .
Personal care... __ ___ _____
Medical ca re.._______________
Recreation. __ ______________
Education___ _______________
Vocation . . . ___ ____ _ _
Community welfare. . . . _____
Gifts and contributions to per
sons outside the economic
family___. . . _
____ _ __
Other item s_____________ ____
301
95
115
91
231
96
95
40
3. 40
3.15
2.69
4. 56
4.17
3. 44
3.24
3. 01
2. 60
2. 37
2. 26
2. 02
3. 75
3. 41
2. 87
4.76
4. 30
3. 59
3. 33
2.98
2. 51
2.46
2. 30
2. 01
$1, 510
448
154
308
138
50
57
$1, 301
448
134
270
140
37
35
$1, 474
444
157
303
140
47
50
$1, 764
452
171
352
135
67
88
$1, 412
502
156
262
119
44
59
$1, 258
505
142
238
115
34
36
$1,445
505
158
266
121
45
72
$1, 695
489
183
309
122
68
84
93
29
29
54
83
12
6
22
31
24
27
39
64
10
6
19
79
30
28
55
81
11
6
22
175
31
33
68
106
14
6
24
40
21
26
53
58
6
11
28
24
16
23
34
41
5
11
25
41
23
27
65
63
2
11
28
78
26
28
68
86
18
14
36
23
4
14
3
17
4
39
3
17
10
8
1
16
2
38
48
100.0
29.6
10.2
20.4
9.1
3.3
3.8
100.0
34.4
10.3
20.7
10.8
2.8
2.7
100.0
30.1
10.7
20.5
9. 5
3.2
3.4
100.0
25.6
9.6
20.0
7.6
3.8
5.0
100.0
35.6
11.0
18.6
8.4
3.1
4.2
100.0
40.1
11.3
18.9
9.1
2.7
2.9
100.0
35.0
10.9
18.4
8.4
3.1
5.0
100.0
28.9
10.8
18. 2
7.2
4.0
5.0
6.2
1.9
1.9
3.6
5.5
.8
.4
1.5
2.4
1.8
2.1
3.0
4.9
.8
.5
1.5
5.4
2.0
1.9
3.7
5.5
.7
.4
1.5
9.9
1.8
1.9
3.9
6.0
.8
.3
1.4
2.8
1.5
1.8
3.8
4.1
.4
.8
2.0
1.9
1.3
1.8
2.7
3.3
.4
.9
2.0
2.8
1.6
1.9
4.5
4.4
.1
.8
1.9
4.6
1.5
1.7
4.0
5.1
1.1
.8
2.1
1.5
.3
1.1
.2
1.2
.3
2.2
.2
1.2
.7
.6
.1
1.1
.1
2.2
2.8
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
53959°— 39-
-28
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
424
T able
20.— Expenditures for groups of items, at 3 economic levels— Continued
SP R IN G F IE L D , M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending
per expenditure unit per year
Item
All families
Under $400
$400 to
$600
$600 and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families in survey_ __________ _________________
_
Average family size:
Persons_________________________________________
Expenditure units________________ -__ _- . -----Clothing expenditure units___ ____________________
Average annual current expenditure for—
All i t e m s . ------------------------------------------Food_________________________________________
Clothing______________________________________
Housing-------------------------------------------Fuel, light and refrigeration___________
_
Other household operation ... ______ ____ ______
Furnishings and equipm ent.. ______ _____ _____
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, operation,
and maintenance.
_______________ _ Other transportation-------------- ---------------Personal care.. . . . ---- ------------------ ------ -Medical care____ _ _ --------------------Recreation___________ ______ ________________ .
Education. _ __ ------ -- --------------- --_Vocation__ ____ _____ ________ _____________ ..
Community welfare__________________ _______
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family
______ ______ _
__ _ _.
Other item s___________ _______________ _____
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All item s._ __ _____________ ______ _ . . . ------Food. _ -. ---------------- -- -----Clothing___ ____ . _ __ -_
-_ -------Housing____________________ ________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___ _
___________
Other household operation______________________
Furnishings and equipm ent..
____ _
Automobile and motorcycle—purchase, operation,
and maintenance- __ .
_ . . ---Other transportation.-. _ _________ ----- -- - Personal care __ __ ----------- -------- ---------- -Medical care_____ _
___ __
. . . ____----------------- -R ecreation--------------Education
___ _ _ __ ----------- --------- -Vocation. ___ ____
_
------ -- _
Community w e lfa r e .__________________
____
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family --------- ----------------- __ __
--------------Other item s--------- ---------- -Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
248
81
99
68
3. 75
3.46
2. 98
5.14
4.72
3. 99
3.45
3.17
2. 73
2.51
2.38
2. 38
$1, 559
546
161
284
139
51
46
$1, 389
565
146
250
138
40
25
$1, 531
539
164
292
134
45
47
$1,801
534
175
312
145
72
69
75
32
29
59
74
7
4
25
27
30
25
43
57
4
4
20
63
34
31
59
74
5
3
26
150
32
32
80
95
13
5
28
21
6
12
3
14
1
42
17
100.0
35.0
10.3
18.2
8.9
3.3
3.0
100.0
40.7
10.5
18.0
9.9
2.9
1.8
100.0
35.3
10.7
19.1
8.8
2.9
3.0
100.0
29.7
9.7
17.3
8.1
4.0
3.8
4.8
2.1
1.9
3.8
4.7
.4
.3
1.6
1.9
2.2
1.8
3.1
4.1
.3
.3
1.4
4.1
2.2
2.0
3.9
4.8
.3
.2
1.7
8.3
1.8
1.8
4.4
5.3
.7
.3
1.6
1.3
.4
.9
.2
.9
.1
2.3
.9
425
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
21.— Distribution of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
191 7 — 8 , by economic level and income level
1
BOSTON, MASS.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year
Income class
Families of types compa
rable with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$l,200__________
$1,200-$1,500_________
$1,500-11,800________
$1,800-$2,100________
$2,100-$2,400_________
$2,400-$2,700________
$2,700-$3,000_________
$3,000-$3,300_________
$3,300-$3,600_________
$2,100-$2,500_________
$2,500 and over_
_
All
fami
lies
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
291
14
70
74
64
45
14
6
2
2
0
0
0
8
66
68
68
52
18
7
1
2
1
0
0
7
4
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
7
18
20
14
8
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
25
21
12
11
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
12
13
20
14
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
4
10
13
9
4
3
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
8
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
8
1
0
2
1
3
3
2
6
3
2
0
2
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
$700
to
$800
$800 $900 $1,000 $1,100
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200
BU FFA L O , N. Y .—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Families of types compa
rable with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$l,200__________
$1,200-$1,500_________
$1,500-$1,800_________
$1,800-$2,100_________
$2,100-$2,400________
$2,400-$2,700________
$2,100-$2,500________
$2,500 and o v e r ____
237
5
39
64
64
37
21
3
1
2
1
0
0
6
44
68
64
46
7
2
0
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
2
18
8
7
3
1
0
0
3
17
21
11
12
0
0
0
0
6
25
17
14
2
0
0
0
2
6
19
10
0
0
0
0
0
5
7
5
3
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H ,—W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Families of types compa
rable with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$1,200__________
$1,200-$1,500________
$1,500-$1,800________
$1,800-$2,100________
$2,100-$2,400________
$2,400-$2,700_________
$2,700-$3,000________
$3,000-$3,300_________
$3,300-$3,600_________
$2,100-$2,500_________
$2,500 and over______
67
4
12
31
14
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
18
21
15
7
2
2
0
0
1
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
5
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
8
10
4
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
3
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
426
T able
21.— Distribution of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 — 8 , by economic level and income level— Continued
1
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Economic level—Families spending per expenditure unit per year
Income class
Families of types compar
able with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$l,200__________
$1,200-$1,500_________
$1,500-$1,800_________
$1,800-$2,100_________
$2,100-$2,400_________
$2,400-$2,700_________
$2,700-$3,000_________
$3,000-$3,300_________
$3,300-$3,600_________
$3,600-$3,900_________
$2,100-$2,500_________
$2,500 and o v e r _____
All
fami
lies
$800 $900 $1,000 $1,100
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
266
18
72
60
45
35
22
12
2
0
0
0
1
16
61
68
46
44
14
6
5
1
2
2
0
3
10
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
9
29
21
6
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
16
16
13
7
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
15
10
7
5
1
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
8
9
11
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
5
10
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
3
1
3
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
14
0
0
2
0
2
2
5
4
3
3
0
4
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PIT T S B U R G H , PA.—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Families of types compar
able with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$l,200__________
$1,200-$1,500_________
$1,500-$1,800_________
$1,800-$2,100_________
$2,100-$2,400_________
$2,400-$2,700________
$2,700-$3,000_________
$3,000-$3,300_________
$3,300-$3,600_________
$2,100-$2,500_________
$2,500 and over____ _
214
9
59
60
35
29
18
2
2
0
0
0
1
8
50
55
62
22
11
'2
2
0
1
1
3
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
24
16
8
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
21
18
4
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
8
10
11
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
6
15
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
9
4
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
5
0
0
3
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
3
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—NEG R O FA M ILIE S
Families of types compar
able with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$1,200__________
$1,200-$1,500_________
$1,500-$1,800_________
$1,800-$2,100_________
$2,100-$2,400_________
$2,100-$2,500________
$2,500 and over______
39
4
17
10
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
18
5
3
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
7
6
3
1
0
0
0
3
4
1
1
0
1
0
1
6
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
427
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
31.— Distribution of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
191 7 — 8 , by economic level and income level— Continued
1
PORTLAND, MAINE—WHITE FAMILIES
Income class
Families of types compa
rable with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600____________
$600-$900____________
$900-$l,200__________
$1,200-$1,500.............. .
$1,500-$1,800_________
$1,800-$2,100_________
$2,100-$2,400_________
$2,400-$2,700_________
$2,700-$3,000________
$3,000-$3,300________
$2,100-$2,500________
$2,500 and over______
All
fami
lies
Economic level—
-Families spending per expenditure unit per year
$100
to
$200
$200
to
$300
$300
to
$400
$400
to
$500
92
6
21
29
19
9
7
1
0
0
0
0
0
5
21
31
19
9
5
0
0
-2
0
0
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
5
8
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
1
12
9
4
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
8
7
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
1
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
5
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
0
0
2
1
0
0
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
$500
to
$600
$600
to
$700
$700
to
$800
$800 $900 $1,000 $1,100
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200
SC R A N T O N , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Families of types compa
rable with those studied
in 1917-18_____________
Annual net income of—
$500-$600___________
$600-$900____________
$900-$1,200__________
$1,200-$1,500________
$1,500-$1,800_____ . . . .
$1,800-$2,100_________
$2,100-$2,400_________
$2,400-$2,700______
$2,700-$3,000_________
$3,000-$3,300......... .
$3,300-$3,600.............. .
$2,100-$2,500________
$2,500 and over______
153
4
32
47
36
23
6
0
2
2
0
1
0
16
29
46
38
20
3
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
9
8
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
10
12
13
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
15
9
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
8
9
2
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
428
T a b l e 2 2 . — Description
of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 ,
by income level
BOSTON, MASS.—W H IT E FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,500
to
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,500 and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those
studied in 1917-18_________ ____________
Number of households___________________
Average number of persons in household____
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers _________________
Boarders only___ ___________________
Lodgers only---------------- ----------Other persons__________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total. _ ______ _ __________
Under 16 years of age------------------16 years of age and over-----------Expenditure u n its._ _ . . . . __________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family......... .............
291
291
5.01
8
8
3.64
66
63
4.41
68
68
5.01
68
68
4.90
52
52
5. 50
21
21
5.66
8
8
7.41
48
1
17
13
0
0
1
0
8
0
8
4
7
0
2
2
9
1
3
2
11
0
1
2
11
0
2
1
2
0
0
2
4.78
2.23
2. 55
4.26
3.63
1.20
2. 43
3.34
4.16
2.02
2.14
3. 68
4.88
2. 57
2.31
4.27
4.75
2.19
2. 56
4.22
5.23
2.30
2. 93
4. 80
4.97
1.93
3.04
4.45
6.95
2. 74
4. 21
6. 07
.25
.02
.25
.14
.17
.29
.71
.43
57
61
26
15
3
51
8
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
6
15
5
4
1
20
0
10
8
3
0
1
9
4
15
12
7
4
1
9
1
10
12
9
6
0
5
1
9
11
1
1
0
6
2
7
2
1
0
0
2
0
E a r n in g s a n d In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners. _ _______
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers...
Other net ren ts.. . . . . . . _____ . .
Interest and dividends_________________
Pensions and insurance annuities_______
Gifts from persons outside economic family
Other sources of income------------------Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses..
_
_
. . .
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities)___________________
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)_____________ _ .
Inheritance. __ ------------------------Average number of gainful workers per
family. ______________________________
Average amount of—
N et family income------- ------------ ..
Earnings of individuals... --------------Chief earner_. ._ . . . --- ------ --Subsidiary earners.. . . . ___ _____
Males: 16 years and over___ _______
Under 16 years.. _______ . . .
Females: 16 years and over__________
Under 16 y e a r s ___________
Net earnings from boarders and lodgers..
Other net rents___ . ---------------Interest and dividends________ . _ .
Pensions and insurance annuities______
Gifts from persons outside economic
fam ily._ ________ . . . _________ .
Other sources of income_____ _______
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)______________________
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities) _____ _ ._. ___________ .
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
tie s )..
. . ________________________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in survey_______________ ___
In h erita n ce.-------------------------
29
4
12
5
2
4
1
2
36
38
42
34
13
6
110
2
5
0
27
0
27
1
23
0
18
1
8
0
2
0
1.26
1.00
1.16
1.19
1.27
1.29
1.47
2.24
$786 $1,064 $1, 353 $1, 630 $1, 912 $2, 309
783 1,011 1,317 1,553 1, 831 1, 993
783
988 1,261 1,456 1, 712 1, 779
0
23
56
97
119
214
783
963 1,260 1, 483 1,732 1, 859
0
0
1
0
1
0)
0
48
56
70
98
134
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
3
19
46
63
161
5
0
5
9
13
10
1
0
0
1
2
1
3
0
7
0
0
0)
$2, 739
2, 595
1, 540
1,055
2, 344
0
251
0
93
6
0
0
$1, 542
1,463
1, 357
106
1, 388
0)
75
0
49
7
1
2
i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
1
171
13
8
—1
115
0
0
(0
89
11
0
10
4
9
5
2
1
80
66
52
0
-2
-2
0
0
-2
-7
71
82
109
155
191
272
202
172
263
197
173
180
181
170
-8
2
-85
0
-69
0
-33
4
+9
0
+ 39
3
+ 49
0
+161
0
TABULAE SUMM ARY
T able
429
2 2 ,— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 ,
by income level— Continued
B U FFA LO , N. Y —W H ITE FAM ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
A l
A l11
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
237
237
4.32
6
6
3.62
44
44
4.10
68
68
3.99
64
64
4.41
46
46
4.95
9
9
4.34
25
1
3
11
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
4
0
1
2
12
0
0
4
7
1
1
2
0
0
0
3
4.19
1.78
2.41
3.74
3.69
1. 52
2.17
3.25
4.06
1.72
2.34
3.60
3.94
1.68
2.26
3.50
4.20
1.77
2. 43
3.76
4.77
2.14
2.63
4.24
4.16
1.33
2. 83
3. 95
.06
.05
.23
.25
.19
8
11
11
10
8
9
4
2
2
$2,100
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those
studied in 1917-18. __________ __ ___ _
Number of households____
_______
Average number of persons in household____
Number of households with—
_
Boarders and lodgers_____________ _
Boarders o n ly ._ ______
___________ _
Lodgers only______________ ____________
Other p e r so n s._______________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total ___ __ __ _ ___ _____ ____
Under 16 years of age_________ ________
16 years of age and over_________ ______
Expenditure units_____________ ______
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family _ ___ ____
.15
0
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners _____ _
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. __
Other net rents_____________ __________
Interest and dividends
_ ________ ___
Pensions and insurance annuities-----Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other source of income. _. ---------- .
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses) _ _ _ . ___________ __
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities). . . _______ _______
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
_______________
crease in liabilities)
Inheritance_________ _______ _____ _ . . .
Average number of gainful workers per
family _ ___
...
. . .
---- -----
38
27
17
17
6
16
5
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
2
1
1
2
0
1
6
1
8
0
5
0
0
2
0
1
0
34
1
6
11
10
6
0
156
4
29
41
43
35
4
77
3
1
0
15
1
25
1
21
1
11
0
4
0
1.18
1.33
1.04
1.13
1.20
1.24
1.56
$831
831
804
27
736
0
95
0
0
0
0
0
$1, 066
1,048
1,042
6
1,048
0
0
0
14
$1, 342
1, 314
1,280
4
1,294
0
20
0
15
0)
2
8
$1, 624
1, 573
1, 511
62
1,537
1
35
0
37
1
5
$1,929
1,835
1,743
92
1, 777
0
58
0
49
15
1
10
$2, 332
2,287
1,893
394
1, 961
0
326
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
4
0
3
0
2
18
44
0
-4
-1
-1
-1
0
37
62
83
167
164
261
75
139
153
242
160
162
+ 12
0
-7
8
-6
3
+33
44
+87
0
+44
0
Average amount of—
N et family income. _ _ ______________ $1,504
Earnings of individuals___ _____ _
1,460
Chief earner ___ ________________ . 1, 399
Subsidiary earners___ _. __ ___ _
61
Males: 16 years and over_________ __ 1,419
Under 16 years _______ . . . _
0)
Females: 16 years and o v er.. . . . ____
41
Under 16 years .._ _ _______
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. __
27
Other net rents _ __ _______ _______
5
Interest and dividends ____________ _
1
Pensions and insurance annuities_____
6
Gifts from persons outside economic
family_________________
__ _
4
Other sources of income
_________ _
3
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)
_. ________________
-2
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabili
124
ties) . . . _______________ . . . ________
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in liabili
ties)____ . . . _____
________ ___
175
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
+25
families in survey-------------------- _
14
Inheritance__________ _________
_____
i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
0)
3
C
1)
5
34
5
4
2
3
0
6
5
430
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
2 2 .— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8
by income level— Continued
M A N C H E ST E R , N. H.—W HITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual
net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
67
67
5.20
19
19
4.40
21
21
5. 39
15
15
4. 76
7
7
6. 42
5
5
6. 94
14
1
1
4
2
1
0
1
5
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
4. 83
2.08
2. 75
4.43
4. 25
1.81
2.44
3.87
4.88
2. 30
2. 58
4. 46
4.69
2.13
2. 56
4. 23
5.23
1. 97
3. 26
4. 91
6. 65
2.12
4.53
6. 41
.38
.16
.52
.10
1.19
.31
44
13
5
7
1
9
2
11
3
1
3
0
0
0
14
4
0
1
0
4
0
10
1
3
2
0
2
2
4
4
1
0
0
2
0
5
1
0
1
1
1
0
$2,100
and
over
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those studied in
1917-18_________________________________________
Number of households____________________ _______
Average number of persons in household __________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers _________ ____ ________ _____
Boarders only _ ______ ______________________
Lodgers o n ly ---- -------------------------------Other persons.__ _____ . . . . ___________ _ . . .
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total___ _______ _ ___________ ____ . . .
Under 16 years of age —_ . . -------- -----------16 years of age and over________________ .. . . .
Expenditure units _____________ ____ _ . ------Average number of persons in household not members
of economic fam ily.. _______ _ . ---------------E a r n i n g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners ____. . . ---------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers.. . . . ---Other net rents . . . ---- ----------- ----- -----Interest and dividends.._ . . . .
--Pensions and insurance annuities . . . ----------Gifts from persons outside economic family
. ._
Other sources of income----- -------------------Deductions from income (business losses and
expenses) . . . . ______ ___________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities) _ _ . ._. . . ------------------ ------Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in
liabilities) _________ . _______ _______ _____
Inheritance ________ _____ _________________
Average number of gainful workers per family . . . _ _
2
0
0
1
1
0
40
8
15
11
2
4
25
0
1.95
10
0
1.76
'6
0
1. 81
3
0
1.74
5
0
2.09
1
0
3.63
$1,060
1,027
844
183
842
0
185
0
26
$1, 598
1, 570
1,197
373
1,173
0
397
0
4
0
0
0
$1, 342
1, 257
995
262
1,092
5
160
0
73
0
2
0
10
0
$2, 598
2,490
1,289
1,201
1, 631
0
859
0
42
0
1
$1, 894
1, 746
1, 329
417
1, 320
0
426
0
148
8
0
0
2
0
0
0
-3
-10
0
75
101
132
154
211
139
236
133
132
118
-41
+5
+ 70
-50
+145
Average amount of—
N et family income ._ . . . ___ ------------ . . . -- $1, 469
1,405
Earnings of individuals_______ ______________
Chief earner________ ____
_ . . . . --------1, 054
351
Subsidiary earners____ . . . . . . . . ---------Males: 16 years and over____________ ____ _ . 1,103
Under 16 years____. . . _ ----------- .
2
Females: 16 years and over __ ------------ . . .
300
0
Under 16 years___________ ______
50
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___ . . . .
4
Other net rents . . . _______ ________ ____
4
Interest and dividends___________ ______ ______
3
Pensions and insurance a n n u ities---------------Gifts from persons outside economic family_____
5
Other sources of income. ------------------ --0)
Deductions from income (business losses and
-2
expenses) . . ____________________________
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in
118
assets and/or decrease in liabilities)---- ------- -Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in
159
assets and/or increase in liabilities)_____ _______
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families
+11
in survey . ------- ---------- ------------------0
Inheritance
. . ___ ____ _ . . .
------------t Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
3
0
0
7
10
10
0
3
0
0
7
42
17
0
0
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
431
2 2 .— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1917-18,
by income level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , PA.—W H ITE FAM ILIES
Income level-—
Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Un
der
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
to
$2,500
266
266
17
17
61
61
68
68
46
46
44
44
16
16
14
14
4.97
4.74
4.83
4. 62
5. 04
4.74
5. 91
7.02
32
1
9
10
0
0
0
0
7
0
1
2
5
0
1
5
5
0
1
1
8
0
3
0
5
0
3
1
2
1
0
1
4. 77
1.94
2. 83
4. 33
4. 74
2. 30
2.44
4.29
4.70
2.06
2. 64
4.22
4.46
2. 02
2. 44
4.02
4.85
1.87
2.98
4.40
4.46
1.69
2. 77
4.09
5.47
1.87
3. 60
5.04
6.63
1.93
4. 70
6.06
.13
.16
.19
.28
.52
.38
$2,500
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u seh o ld
Families of types comparable with
those studied in 1917-18___________
Number of households______________
Average number of persons in house
hold____________________________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers_____________
Boarders only___________________
Lodgers only____________________
Other persons____________________
Average size of economic family in:
Persons total____________________
Under 16 years of age___________
16 years of age and over_________
Expenditure units_______________
Average number of persons in house
hold not members of economic
family__________________________
.20
0
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners_____
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers________________________
Other net rents__________________
Interest and dividends-------------Pensions and insurance annuities. __
Gifts from persons outside economic
family_________________________
Other sources of income___________
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses)-------------Surplus (net increase in assets
and/or decrease in liabilities)_____
Deficit (net decrease in assets
and/or increase in liabilities)_____
Inheritance______________________
Average number of gainful workers
per fam ily_______________________
85
3
10
17
18
16
8
13
41
10
20
8
0
0
0
0
8
1
4
4
6
3
3
1
7
2
5
0
10
0
5
0
6
3
1
1
4
1
2
2
17
21
0
0
1
7
4
7
6
4
5
1
1
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
156
4
35
36
30
29
11
11
108
0
13
0
24
0
31
0
16
0
15
0
5
0
4
0
1.46
1.26
1.19
1.30
1.54
1.59
1.93
2.80
$792
792
742
50
711
0
81
0
$1,084
1,035
986
49
979
0
56
0
$1,349
1, 297
1,185
112
1, 224
0)
72
1
$1, 632
1, 554
1, 328
226
1,399
0
155
(0
$1, 962
1,880
1, 603
277
1,669
0
211
0)
$2, 281
2,109
1, 633
476
1,800
0
309
0
$3,036
2, 862
1, 660
1,202
2, 243
0
619
0
33
3
4
34
2
1
0
65
0
5
0
134
7
12
4
95
2
5
60
13
4
8
32
9
6
6
15
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
36
71
111
233
281
Average amount of—
N et family income_______________ $1, 548
Earnings of individuals_________
1, 478
Chief earner__________________ 1, 273
Subsidiary earners____________
205
1,328
Males: 16 years and over______
Under 16 years________
0)
Females: 16 years and over____
150
Under 16 years______
0)
N et earnings from boarders and
lodgers______________________
43
Other net rents_________________
2
2
Interest and dividends__________
Pensions and insurance annuities.
7
Gifts from persons outside eco
nomic family_________________
8
Other sources of income_________
8
Deductions from income (business
losses and expenses)___________
0)
Surplus per family having surplus
(net increase in assets and/or de
141
crease in liabilities)_____________
Deficit per family having deficit
(net decrease in assets and/or in
237
crease in liabilites)______________
N et change in assets and liabilities
-14
for all families in survey_________
0
Inheritance______________________
i Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0*
22
1
(0
0)
13
0)
0)
124
0)
204
200
174
274
291
187
150
525
-145
0
-27
0
-66
0
- 21
0
+70
0
+114
0
+71
0
432
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
2 2 .— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 191 7 — 8 ,
1
by income level— Continued
PIT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income
of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
214
214
4. 85
9
9
4.70
50
50
4. 74
55
55
4.83
62
62
4. 66
22
22
4.83
16
16
6. 24
5
23
12
5
0
1
0
0
0
7
3
0
2
5
2
1
2
3
3
2
0
4
3
1
1
3
1
1
4. 65
1.89
2. 76
4.23
4. 70
2.20
2.50
4.24
4. 51
1. 77
2. 74
4.10
4. 65
2. 02
2. 63
4.17
4.50
1. 79
2.71
4.13
4.54
1.92
2. 62
4.18
5.87
2. 01
3. 86
5. 38
.20
0
.23
.18
.16
.29
.47
31
42
14
108
4
24
7
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
7
10
2
19
0
5
0
4
11
2
26
0
7
1
6
9
7
34
3
6
2
5
7
1
18
0
3
2
9
4
2
11
0
2
1
$2,100
and
over
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those
studied in 1917-18_________ ___ _________
Number of households----------------------Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers.. _____________ . . .
Boarders o n ly .. ----------------------- .
Lodgers only___________________________
Other persons_____ ______ ___________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total ----- --------- --------Under 16 years of a g e ----- ----------16 years of age and over..
-----------Expenditure units . ----------- ----------Average number of persons in household not
members of economic fa m ily .___________
E a r n in g s a nd In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners------------N et earnings from boarders and lodgers--Other net rents---- -------- ------------ -Interest and dividends
. ---- -------Pensions and insurance annuities ___ _ _
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of in co m e----- ---- . ___
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)------------------ -----. . .
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in liabilities) ---------- . . . _ . . .
Deficit (net decrease in assets- and/or in
crease in lia b ilitie s)------------- ----Inheritance. . ---------------------------Average number of gainful workers per fam
ily—
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
113
3
21
26
34
17
12
99
0
6
0
28
0
29
0
27
0
5
0
4
0
1. 23
1.00
1.19
1.14
1.12
1.35
2. 01
$767
757
757
0
757
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
$1,101
1,033
1,007
26
1,001
0
32
0
47
1
5
0
$1,360
1, 305
1,286
19
1, 292
0
13
0
37
3
6
0
$1, 621
1, 551
1, 515
36
1, 519
0
32
0
37
12
9
5
$1,960
1,825
1, 730
95
1, 750
0
75
0
54
2
27
0
$2, 432
2, 282
1,611
671
1, 955
0
327
0
72
38
22
0
2
2
15
0
8
1
3
4
20
32
15
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
74
84
120
126
163
183
Average amount of—
N et family income.......... .............................. $1,490
Earnings of individuals----- ------------ 1, 416
Chief ea rn er-------------------------1,335
Subsidiary earners------- ------------81
Males: 16 years and over........... ...........
1, 364
Under 16 years_____________
0
Females: 16 years and over__________
52
Under 16 years____________
0
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers. _
42
Other net r e n ts --- ---------- ----------7
Interest and d iv id en d s________ _ ___
10
Pensions and insurance annuities _ _ _
2
Gifts from persons outside economic
family______________________________
8
Other sources of income------ --------5
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)---------- --------- -----0
Surplus per family having surplus (net
increase in assets and/or decrease in
liabilities).. ____________________ ____
127
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
bilities) ------ -- . ________ _______
189
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
families in su r v e y -----------------------20
Inheritance . . . ______________________
0
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
82
205
153
263
88
129
-30
0
-80
0
-24
0
-45
0
+106
0
+105
0
TABULAR SUMMARY
T a b l e 2 2 . — Description
433
of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 ,
by income level— Continued
P IT T S B U R G H , PA .—N EG R O FA M IL IE S
Item
All
fami
lies
Income level—Families with
annual net income of —
Under
$900
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200
and over
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those studied in 1917-18___
Number of households___________ ________ ________ ____
Average number of persons in household__________________ _
Number of households w ith—
Boarders and lodgers____________________________________
Boarders only. _ ______________________________ _______
Lodgers only___ _____ _______ __________________ _______
Other persons__________________________________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total_________ ___ __ _ _ _ . ---------------- . . -Under 16 yers of age___________________________________
16 years of age and over------------------------------------Expenditure units_______________________________________
Average number of persons in household not members of economic family. _______________ ____ ______________ _______
39
39
4.34
12
12
3. 96
18
18
4.02
9
9
5.33
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
4.27
1. 70
2. 57
3. 81
3. 96
1.70
2. 26
3.49
3.87
1.49
2. 38
3.51
5. 33
1.97
3.36
4. 85
.07
0
.15
(?)
E a r n in g s a n d I n c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners................ ...................................
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers........................ ............
Other net rents. _______ ______________________ _______
Interest and dividends------------------------------------ -___________ . ._
Pensions and insurance annuities.
Gifts from persons outside economic family________________
Other sources of income___ ____ __ ____________ ._
_ ...
Deductions from income (business losses and expenses) _. __
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in liabilities) __
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in liabilities) ___
Inheritance------------------------------------- .. . . . .
Average number of gainful workers per family. ________ ______
Average amount of—
N et family income_________________ _______________ _____
Earnings of individuals----- --------- -- . . . -----------Chief earner---- -- -------- -- ----------------- ------Subsidiary earners---------------------------------------Males: 16 years and over------------------ -----------Under 16 years---------- _ __________ _ . . .
Females: 16 years and over------------------------ -----Under 16 years__ . . . ___ _ __ ___ ________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers____ ___________
Other net r e n ts ------------ -----------------------------Interest and dividends________ _
______
___ _
Pensions and insurance annuities___ _ __________________
Gifts from persons outside economic fam ily________
___
Other sources of income___ _ _______ _______ __ __ __
Deductions from income (business losses and expenses)___
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in assets
and/or decrease in liabilities)________ ________ _. ______
Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in assets and/or
increase in liabilities)_________________________________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families in survey. _
Inheritance____________________________ ____ _ ________
! Less than 0.005.
* Less than $0.50.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
9
3
2
23
4
2
1
1
26
13
0
1.29
1
0
0
5
1
1
0
1
6
6
0
1.09
2
2
1
10
1
0
0
0
12
6
0
1. 09
6
1
1
8
2
1
1
0
8
1
0
1.95
$1,092
1,058
1, 011
47
1,006
0
52
0
12
2
5
9
1
8
-3
$827
823
818
5
823
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
0
$1,050
1,021
999
22
999
0
22
0
20
2
6
1
0
0
$1,543
1,448
1, 290
158
1,265
0
183
0
11
7
10
35
6
36
-10
(?)
(?)
99
52
58
196
87
+37
0
49
+2
0
107
+3
0
197
+152
0
434
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
%%.— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 ,
by income level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
92
92
4.76
5
5
3.49
21
21
4.86
31
31
4.73
19
19
4.09
9
9
5. 50
7
7
6.47
12
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4. 67
2.16
2. 51
4.17
3. 53
1. 52
2.01
3.13
4.65
2.41
2. 24
4.13
4. 62
2.23
2. 39
4.08
4.01
1. 61
2.40
3. 64
5.53
2.53
3.00
4.90
6.57
2. 57
4.00
5.92
.13
0
.24
.14
.11
0
.03
23
10
2
3
4
18
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
4
0
0
0
6
1
8
4
0
0
1
8
2
4
1
2
3
0
3
0
2
0
0
0
2
1
1
5
1
0
0
1
0
0
$2,100
and
over
C o m p o sitio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those
studied in 1917-18------ ------------------Number of households____________________
Average number of persons in household___
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers__ _____ ___________
Boarders only__________________________
Lodgers only_____________________ _____
Other persons____ ______________________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total_____ ____ _____ ___________
Under 16 years of age__________________
16 years of age and over_______________
Expenditure units. _ __ _
_ . ________
Average number of persons in household not
members of economic family____________
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earners___________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___
Other net rents_______ __ __
__ _ __
Interest and dividends___ _____________
Pensions and insurance annuities_______
Gifts from persons outside economic family.
Other sources of income_____ _____ _ _
Deductions from income (business losses
and expenses)___
__ ______ _____
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or de
crease in lia b ilitie s)_____
_ __
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or in
crease in liabilities)______________ _ _ .
Inheritance._ . ._ __ . ---------------Average number of gainful workers per
family.......................... .................................
18
0
4
6
6
1
1
37
1
8
9
8
6
5
55
1
4
0
13
0
22
1
11
0
3
0
2
0
1. 32
1. 20
1.14
1. 32
1. 21
1.44
2.00
$799
799
748
51
683
0
116
0
0
0
0
0
$1,081
1,054
1,048
6
1,048
0
6
0
18
0
0
0
$1,344
1,300
1, 252
48
1,250
5
44
1
21
0
0
5
$1, 630
1,621
1,532
89
1,581
0
40
0
5
5
11
0
$1,885
1, 849
1, 649
200
1,721
0
128
0
0
0
0
36
$2, 551
2, 515
1,730
785
2, 263
0
252
0
1
0
0
41
0
0
13
0
18
3
8
0
1
0
0
0
0
-4
-3
-20
-1
-6
42
33
25
21
70
53
Average amount of—
$1,456
N et family income.......... ..........................
Earnings of individuals----------------1,428
Chief earner.. ____________________
1,311
Subsidiary earners____ _____________
117
Males: 16 years and over____________
1,365
Under 16 years______________
1
Females: 16 years and over___ _____ _
62
0
Under 16 years.__ _______
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers..
12
Other net rents. __ ________ ______
1
Interest and dividends_____ _
___
2
Pension and insurance annuities______
8
Gifts from persons outside economic
fa m ily ._______ ______ ________
11
Other sources of income___ . . . __ __
1
Deductions from income (business losses
-7
and expenses)_________ . __________
Surplus per family having surplus (net in
crease in assets and/or decrease in liabil
37
ities). . . ___________ _______ ___ _
Deficit per family having deficit (net de
crease in assets and/or increase in lia
49
bilities) ________ ______ ___________
N et change in assets and liabilities for all
-14
families in survey------ ----------------2
Inheritance_________ _________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
34
43
51
46
75
73
-19
0
-14
0
-29
6
-18
0
+22
0
+17
0
435
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
2 2 .— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in 1 9 1 7 - 1 8 ,
by income level— Continued
SC R A N T O N , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
153
153
4.44
16
16
4.45
29
29
4.21
46
46
4.18
38
38
4.44
24
24
5.30
15
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
o
o
0
2
1
1
o
7
1
0
o
4.28
1.88
2.40
3.85
4.27
1.72
2. 55
3.82
4.13
1.65
2.48
3. 78
4.06
1.84
2. 22
3. 61
4.30
1.93
2.37
3.84
4.87
2. 29
2. 58
4.41
.16
.18
.08
.12
.14
.43
17
17
12
21
1
10
4
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
4
2
0
4
0
3
1
3
4
3
7
0
2
0
6
4
3
3
1
2
2
4
7
4
6
0
3
1
6
2
1
2
0
1
90
3
15
25
28
19
62
0
1.13
13
0
1.00
14
0
1.10
21
0
1. 09
9
0
1.22
5
o
1.19
$740
725
725
0
679
0
46
0
0
15
(2)
0
0
0
$1,041
1,029
985
44
972
0
57
0
7
0
2
0
2
1
$1, 336
1, 304
1, 279
25
1, 278
0
26
0
24
4
1
0
3
0
$1, 610
1, 548
1,477
71
1,493
2
53
0
29
11
1
6
12
3
$2,028
1,899
1, 751
148
1,855
G
44
0
83
15
4
0
20
11
(2)
(2)
$1,800
and
over
C o m p o s itio n o f H o u se h o ld
Families of types comparable with those studied in
1917-18________________________________________
Number of households______ ____ _________________
Average number of persons in household___________
Number of households with—
Boarders and lodgers____________________________
Boarders only___ _______ ____________ _____ ____ _
Lodgers only __ _______________________________
Other persons___________ ___________ ___________
Average size of economic family in—
Persons, total. _ _ ___ _______ ________________
Under 16 years of age____ _______ _________
16 years of age and over____ ________ _________
Expenditure units
__ ______________ ____ __
Average number of persons in household not members
of economic fam ily__ __
__________ _________
E a r n in g s and In c o m e
Number of families having—
Earnings of subsidiary earn ers._________________
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers___________
Other net rents____ _ ______ _____ ___________
Interest and dividends______ _______________ _
Pensions and insurance annuities______________ _
Gifts from persons outside economic fa m ily __ _ _ _
Other sources of in c o m e .__________ _____ _ _ __
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
penses)___ _________ _______________________
Surplus (net increase in assets and/or decrease in
____________ _ ________ _______
liabilities).
Deficit (net decrease in assets and/or increase in
______________
liabilities). ________ _______
Inheritance . ______ ____ _ __ __ _ _______ __
Average number of gainful workers per family__
Average amount of—
N et family income _ ____________ ____ ___ ____ $1,394
Earnings of individuals _______ ____ _______ _
1, 345
Chief earner___ _ ________________ . . _____
1,289
Subsidiary earners
_ _______________ __ ___
56
Males: 16 years and o v e r ______________ ____
1, 301
Under 16 years.
_______ _________
0)
44
Females: 16 years and over__________________
0
Under 16 years __ _______ ______ _
N et earnings from boarders and lodgers_____ _
29
Other net rents_____ ______ _____ _ ________
8
Interest and dividends _____ _________ _____
2
1
Pensions and insurance annuities_____ __ ____
7
Gifts from persons outside economic family. _____
3
Other sources of income
_ . . .
. . . _____
Deductions from income (business losses and ex
—1
penses).
_ _________ ___________ __
Surplus per family having surplus (net increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities)_______ _ ._
119
Deficit per family having deficit (net decrease in
assets and/or increase in liabilities)
_ _
207
N et change in assets and liabilities for all families in
-14
survey ____________ _ ______ ________________
Inheritance____ _______ _____ _ __________ ____
0
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.005.
Notes on this table are in appendix A ,p. 465.
(2)
45
60
88
0
—4
106
235
281
241
154
148
249
- 22 0
0
-86
0
-23
0
+43
0
+134
0
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
436
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7- 1 8 for groups of items, by income level
BOSTON, M A S S —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level--Fam ilies with annual net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under $900
to
$900
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
to
$2,500
$2,500
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families of types comparable with
those studied in 1917-18_______
Average family size:
Persons. __
____________ _______
Expenditure units________________
291
8
66
68
68
52
21
8
4. 78
4. 26
3.63
3. 34
4.16
3.58
4.88
4.27
4. 75
4.22
5.23
4.80
4.97
4. 45
6.95
6.07
$898
332
79
228
86
15
25
40
16
22
39
0
2
9
$1,153
450
96
258
114
32
26
53
17
36
41
5
4
12
$1, 410
561
126
293
135
40
36
65
22
40
61
4
3
16
$1, 637
632
170
313
160
52
50
68
26
51
70
2
8
21
$1, 892
722
199
376
163
69
46
76
31
44
83
24
8
24
$2,244
773
246
389
199
111
68
115
37
95
121
4
8
29
$2, 593
974
287
320
189
107
83
199
47
149
123
28
10
45
8
12
2
20
7
33
16
29
3
100.0
39.8
8.9
20.8
9.6
2.8
2.6
4.6
1.6
2.8
4.3
.3
.2
1.1
100.0
38.6
10.4
19.1
9.8
3.1
3.1
4.2
1.6
3.1
4.3
.1
.5
1.3
100.0
38.1
10.5
19.9
8.6
3.7
2.4
4.0
1.6
2.3
4.4
1.3
.4
1.3
100.0
34. 5
11.0
17.3
8.9
4.9
3.0
5.1
1.6
4.2
5.4
.2
.4
1.3
100.0
37.6
11.1
12.4
7.3
4.1
3.2
7.7
1.8
5.7
4.7
1.1
.4
1.7
.6
.7
.1
1.1
.4
1.5
.7
1.1
.1
Average annual current expenditure
for—
All items ______________________ $1, 568
601
Food. -------- ----------------154
Clothing--------- --------------310
Housing_______________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration.. . . .
146
52
Other household operation------42
Furnishings and equipment-----Transportation------------------71
25
Personal care_________ . . .
49
Medical care___________________
68
Recreation___. . . ---------- . ..
8
Education__________ _______ . . .
6
Vocation...
._ . -------- . . . ..
19
Community welfare. _ --- -----Gifts and contributions to persons
14
outside the economic family---3
Other item s.., ________________
Percentage of total annual current ex
penditure for—
All items
------ ----------------Food
_______ . . . ----------Clothing_____ ______ _
...
Housing. ____ . . . ----- --- ..
Fuel, light, and refrigeration----Other household operation______
Furnishings and equipment___ _
Transportation___ _ . . . --- .
Personal care___ . . . --------- ..
Medical care. _ ____
Recreation.__ --- -- — --- -- .
E ducation...
_ .
...
Vocation________ _____ _ ..
Community welfare.
______
Gifts and contributions to persons
outside the economic family---Other items_____ ________ . . .
100.0
38.4
9.8
19.8
9.3
3.3
2.7
4.5
1.6
3.1
4.3
.5
.4
1.2
.9
.2
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
5
0
100.0
37.0
8.8
25. 4
9.6
1.6
2.8
4.5
1.8
2.4
4.3
0
.2
1.0
0
9
(0
0)
100.0
39.0
8.3
22.4
9.9
2.8
2.3
4.6
1.5
3.1
3.6
.4
.3
1.0
.8
.6
(2)
(2)
437
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 - 1 8 for groups of items, by income level— Continued
B U FFA L O , N. Y.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S
Income level—Families with annual net income
of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families of types comparable with those
studied in 1917-48___________ __________
Average family size:
Persons__________ .. ______________ ___
Expenditure units.
_____ ____- _____
237
4.19
3. 77
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items. ____________________ ______ $1, 513
544
Food________________________________
Clothing _ ___ . ________ _____ _______
159
Housing----- ------------------------253
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____ _
120
Other household operation ____ _____
47
Furnishings and equipment__________
58
Transportation____ .
_____
___
129
Personal care-------------------- -------28
Medical care ______ _________________
51
Recreation _________________ ________
79
Education____ ___ _
___ ______ _
6
Vocation. _ __ . . . __ ________
4
Community welfare.. ______________
17
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family____ . . . . .
13
Other item s__________________________
5
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s______________________________
F o o d ... --------------------------------Clothing_____________________________
Housing_____________________________
Fuel, light, and refrigeration__________
Other household operation_______ . _ _
Furnishings and equipment___________
Transportation_______ . . . . . . __
Personal care____ ______ .
_______
Medical care ______________ . . . ____
Recreation „ ----- ---------- ------ __
Education.. --------- ----------------Vocation. __ -------------------------Community welfare_____ ________ __
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic family___. . . .
Other item s_____________ ____________
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
100.0
36.0
10.6
16.8
7.9
3.1
3.8
8.5
1.8
3.4
5.2
.4
.3
1.1
.8
.3
6
44
68
64
46
9
3.26
4. 06
3. 62
3. 94
3.52
4.20
3. 80
4. 77
4. 27
4.16
3.97
$826
323
45
176
95
24
13
51
16
38
36
2
0
6
$1,106
455
112
198
100
26
33
51
20
35
50
8
1
10
$1,362
497
139
250
113
43
41
108
26
45
74
3
1
12
$1, 649
566
175
279
124
50
73
158
32
53
93
6
6
18
$1,875
675
211
268
143
62
75
169
34
64
97
9
8
29
$2, 306
669
243
332
152
88
140
298
39
96
96
2
8
1
6
1
8
2
15
1
25
6
24
79
100.0
39.2
5.4
21.3
11.5
2.9
1.6
6.2
1.9
4.6
4.4
.2
0
.7
100.0
41.2
10.1
17.9
9.0
2.4
3.0
4.6
1.8
3.2
4. 5
.7
.1
.9
100.0
36. 5
10. 2
18.4
8.3
3.2
3.0
7.9
1.9
3.3
5.4
100.0
34.4
10.6
16.9
7.5
3.0
4.4
9.6
1.9
3.2
5.6
.1
.9
100.0
36.0
11.3
14.3
7.6
3.3
4.0
9.1
1.8
3.4
5.2
.5
1.1
1.5
100.0
29. 1
10.5
14.4
6.6
3.8
6. 1
12.9
1.7
4.2
4.2
.1
.3
1.7
.5
.6
.1
.9
.1
1.3
.3
1.0
3.4
3. 69
0 )
.1
(2)
.1
.2
.4
.4
.4
40
438
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1917— for groups of items, by income level— Continued
18
M A N C H E ST E R , N . H —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Item
All
fami
lies
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Under
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s / o r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families of types comparable with those studied in
1917-18________________________________________
Average family size:
Persons--------------------------------------------Expenditure units. ___________________________
67
19
21
15
7
5
4.83
4.34
4.25
3.79
4.88
4.36
4.69
4.11
5.23
4. 82
6. 65
6.31
$1,130
451
129
160
116
43
44
20
18
48
57
4
6
24
$1, 352
501
125
217
143
45
25
110
29
39
65
3
5
22
$1, 540
600
213
180
147
60
71
76
27
31
67
1
14
23
$1,925
609
309
160
181
50
198
148
29
40
87
51
8
36
$2, 432
903
416
268
161
72
99
147
55
72
117
39
12
50
9
1
12
11
14
16
18
1
14
7
100.0
37.4
12.7
13.0
9.7
3.4
4.4
5.7
1.8
2.9
4.7
.7
.5
1.8
100.0
39.9
11.4
14.2
10.3
3.8
3.9
1.8
1.6
4.2
5.0
.4
.5
2.1
100.0
37.2
9.2
16.1
10.6
3.3
1.8
8.1
2.1
2.9
4.8
.2
.4
1.6
100.0
39.0
13.8
11.7
9.5
3.9
4.6
4.9
1.8
2.0
4.4
.1
.9
1.5
100.0
31.6
16.1
8.3
9.4
2.6
10.3
7.7
1.5
2.1
4.5
2.6
.4
1.9
100.0
37.1
17.1
11.0
6.6
3.0
4.0
6.0
2.3
3.0
4.8
1.6
.5
2.1
.8
.5
.8
.1
.9
.8
.9
1.0
.9
.1
.6
.3
Average annual current expenditure for—
$1,469
All items----------------------------- ------------550
F o o d ___________ __________________________
Clothing_______ ______ _______ ___________ _
187
H ousing..
_ _____________ _____ _______
191
142
Fuel, light, and refrigeration . . . ___ _____ _ __
Other household operation___________ . ____
50
64
Furnishings and equipment---------------------Transportation----------------------------------83
Personal care . _______ ______ _ . . .
___ ___
27
42
Medical care_____ _ .
___ ________ _______
Recreation________ __________________
69
Education. ________ __ _ _ ______
___
10
Vocation __ ___
_ _ _ _ _ _ ._ _______ ___
8
Community welfare------------- ---------26
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
12
economic family-------------------------------8
Other items__________________________________
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All items___
_______ ______ .
. . .
Food------- ---- --- -------------- .
_
--- ---Clothing-------------- . .
Housing. ------------------------------ _.
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___ _
__ __ ._ _
Other household o p e r a tio n ..._____ _______ _
Furnishings and equipment._ . _ . . . _____
Transportation___ ___________ . . . ----------Personal care___________ . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ -----Medical care_____. . . ___________ ._ _. .
_
R e cr e a tio n ..___ _ _. ---- ------- . . .__ ._
Education___ _____ _ . .. _________ ____ .
Vocation_____________________ _ . . . --------Community welfare . ._. . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family_________ _ ___ _ -------- __
Other items ________________________________
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465
439
TABULAR SUMMARY
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 - 1 8 for groups of items, by income level— Continued
PH IL A D E L PH IA , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
All
fami
lies
Item
Un
der
$900
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,500
to
to
to
and
to
to
$1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 $2,500 over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families of type comparable witht hose studied in 1917-18__________________________
Average family size:
Persons-------------- ------------------Expenditure units_______ ________ -
266
17
61
68
46
44
16
14
4. 77
4.33
4. 74
4. 29
4.70
4. 22
4.46
4.02
4.85
4. 40
4. 46
4.09
5.91
5. 04
7.02
6.06
$950 $1,124 $1,429 $1,670 $1,884 $2,189
432
652
486
529
671
749
85
99
168
209
131
279
174
259
300
189
257
289
142
76
126
134
109
149
40
52
66
86
33
59
22
53
96
111
27
58
33
48
99
105
99
177
21
21
28
38
33
49
12
42
56
35
57
80
42
112
50
66
119
83
4
1
5
10
5
13
4
4
4
7
7
9
4
41
11
18
29
19
$2,964
1,053
465
255
175
122
60
284
69
103
209
28
4
58
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items ------------------------------- $1, 572
599
Food _ _____ ___________________
Clothing____
_____
. ___ ___ _
167
Housing____________________________
245
Fuel, light, and refrigeration. . ____
127
Other household operation-------------57
Furnishings and equipment. _____ _
57
Transportation
_
___ . . .
98
32
Personal care. _ ______ _ _ _ _______
Medical care___. . . . _____ _ . . . _ _
49
Recreation... _ _. ________________
81
E d u c a tio n .___ _________ _____ _ . .
7
Vocation________ _ _ . . . . . . ______ _
5
21
Community welfare ________ . . . _
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic fam ily... _ _
18
9
Other items_______ . _ . ____. . .
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s. _
______. . . . . . . _____ 100.0
___ _
_ . . . _____ _____ _ 38.1
Food
Clothing______________ ___________
10.6
H ousing.._ ________ _ _ ______ . . .
15.6
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_______ _
8.1
Other household operation____ _ __ _
3.6
Furnishings and equipment. _______
3.6
________ . . . ___
6.2
Transportation.
2.0
Personal care. __ ____________
Medical care___. . .
_____ . . .
3.1
Recreation . . .
_________________ _
5.2
Education_________
____. . . ___ _
.5
Vocation__________________
______
.3
Community welfare. __________ _ _
1.3
Gifts and contributions to persons out
1.2
side the economic family________ _
.6
Other items __ ______
.__ _ _____ _
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
53959°— 3
J
-29
8
9
9
15
20
28
12
31
14
78
1
100.0
45.5
8.9
18.3
8.0
3.5
2.3
3.5
2.2
1.3
5.3
.1
.4
.4
100.0
43.2
8.8
16.8
9.7
3.6
2.4
4.3
1.9
3.1
3.7
.4
.4
1.0
100.0
37.0
9.2
18.1
8.8
3.7
3.7
6.9
2.0
2.9
4.6
.3
.3
1.3
100.0
39.0
10.1
15.4
8.0
3.6
3.5
5.9
2.0
3.3
5.0
.6
.4
1.1
100.0
35.6
11.1
15.9
7.5
3.5
5.1
5.6
2.0
3.0
6.3
.3
.4
1.5
100.0
34.3
12.7
13.2
6.8
3.9
5.1
8.1
2.2
3.7
5.1
.6
.4
1.9
100.0
35.6
15.7
8.6
5.9
4.1
2.0
9.6
2.3
3. 5
7.1
.9
.1
2.0
.3
0
.7
(2)
.6
.6
.9
1.2
1.6
.6
1.4
.6
2.6
(2)
3
0
0)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
44 0
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 - 1 8 for groups of items, by income level— Continued
P IT T SB U R G H , PA.—W H ITE
Income level—Families with annual net income of—
All
fami
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100
Under
lies
to
to
to
to
$900 $1,200 $1,500 $1,800 $2,100 and
over
Item
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r
G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families of type comparable with those studied
in 1917-18____________________________________
Average family size__ ___ ___ _ __ . _______
Expenditure u n i t s . --- -------
. . . --- --
214
4. 65
4.23
Average annual current expenditure for—
All item s----------- ------------- ------------ $1, 509
522
Food----------------- ----- ---- --- ---163
Clothing_____
-- - --- ---------- ------270
Housing____________ ______________
____
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_______ . . _____
97
50
Other household operation. .. . . . . ________
70
Furnishings and equipment... --- -------Transportation______________________________
101
28
Personal care . . . . . . . . .
._. . ______
65
Medical care___- --------.
_ ______
84
Recreation... --- -- -------_ ----------- _
Education.
------ ----- ------- ---------3
Vocation______ _____
...
._ -----._ .
6
Community welfare. _ ______
_______
23
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family. __
______ ._ . . . _
13
14
Other items___ _____ _____________ ________
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
------------------ 100.0
All item s---- -------34.6
Food___
. . -----------------------------Clothing_____ ____
. . . -------10.8
17.9
H ousing.. -------- --------- . . .
_ —
6.4
Fuel, light, and refrigeration _ ___ _____
Other household operation . . . . . _____ _
3.3
4.6
Furnishings and equipment------ ----------Transportation.. . . . . .
.
---------------6.7
1.9
Personal care.
-------Medical care _ . .
---- -. . . . -------- ._
4.3
Recreation... .
. . .
_ ...
-------5.6
Education________ . . . . . . . ----------.2
Vocation_ _ .
_
---------_ _ _ _ _
....
.4
----- ._
Community welfare-------------- -1.5
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family. . . . . . . --- ._.
.9
.9
Other it e m s . . .--- -------- --------- ----- -Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
FA M ILIES
9
50
55
62
22
16
4.70
4.24
4. 51
4.10
4. 65
4.17
4. 50
4.13
4. 54
4.18
5.87
5. 38
$793 $1,169 $1,395 $1,661 $1,864
364
439
510
549
601
58
106
146
167
197
140
222
236
310
317
52
85
94
106
102
22
35
45
59
70
44
13
67
92
97
39
53
77
145
123
21
15
26
29
35
26
46
69
70
90
30
72
78
80
119
2
6
1
3
2
4
6
2
4
24
17
13
25
24
40
$2,286
692
391
393
76
80
168
46
75
142
17
4
0
30
2
3
5
22
9
10
14
9
32
15
23
26
100.0
45.9
7.3
17.6
6.5
2.8
1.6
4.9
1.9
3.3
3.8
.8
.8
2.1
100.0
37.5
9.1
19.0
7.3
3.0
3.8
4.5
1.8
3.9
6.2
.2
.3
1.1
100.0
36.6
10.5
16.9
6.8
3.2
4.8
5.5
1.9
4.9
5.6
.1
.1
1.8
100.0
33.1
10.1
18.7
6.4
3.5
5.5
8.7
1.8
4.2
4.8
.2
.3
1.4
100.0
32.2
10.6
17.0
5.5
3.7
5.2
6.6
1.9
4.8
6.4
.1
1.3
2.2
100,0
30.3
17.2
17.2
5.4
3.3
3.5
7.3
2.0
3.3
6.2
.7
.2
1.3
.3
.4
.4
1.9
.6
.7
.8
.5
1.7
.8
1.0
1.1
441
TABULAR SUMM ARY
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7- 1 8 for groups of items, by income level— Continued
P IT T S B U R G H , PA.—NEG R O
FA M IL IE S
Income level—Families with
annual net income of—
Item
A11
All
families
$900
to
$1,200
Under
$900
$1,200
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f Ite m s
Families of types comparable with those studied in 1917-18 ___
Average family size:
Persons___ _ ____ ______
__
_____ _
___ _ ___ _
Expenditure u n it s .___ _ ___ _ _ ______ _ _ _
__ _
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items. ______
_ _ _ ___ ____ _
_ _ _ _ _ ___
Food________ ___________ _
__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Clothing___ ________ _
______
_______ _
H o u s in g ..___________ ___ _ _ _ ______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Fuel, light, and refrigeration___ ____ ____ ___ _ ___ ___
Other household operation ______
___
___________
Furnishings and equipment___ _
_ __
_ ____
Transportation_______
______ _______ _ _____ _
Personal care _____________ _____ ____ __
___ ___
Medical care________ _ _ ____________ _ _ _ _ _ _
Recreation____ _
_ _ _ _ _______ _
_ ___ __ _
Education______
____
_ __
__ __ _____ _
Vocation
_______ _ _ _____________ _ ______ _ _
Community welfare___ _____ ___
______ _______
Gifts and contributions to persons oiitside the economic
family_______ ____ ___ ___ ____ __ __ __ __ ___ _
__ _ _____ ___ _ _ __ ___ ____
Other item s____ _
Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All item s______ ____ _ __ ___ _ ___________ _
Food.
__ _
_ _____ _
_ ____ _____
___
C lo th in g ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___ _ .__
Housing. ________ ____ ____ ____ _____ _
_ ____
Fuel, light, and refrigeration____
__
__
__.
_
___________ _
Other household operation_ __ _ _
Furnishings and equipment
____ _ _______ _ __ _
Transportation _ _ _ _ _ __
_ __ _ __ _ _ ___
Personal care._ _ __ _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
____ __ _
Medical care____ ___ __ _____ _
___ __ __ ___
Recreation _ __ _
_____ _______ _
_ ___
__ _
__ _
___
E ducation...
____
Vocation__ _ _ _ _ __
______
_ ______ __
Community welfare
__ _______ ____
_______
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the economic
fam ily.. _
___
__
__________
Other items. _ _ _ _ ________ _ _ ____________
__
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
39
12
18
9
4. 27
3. 86
3.96
3. 44
3.87
3. 59
5.33
4. 96
$1,068
388
102
233
85
36
41
49
24
33
47
2
1
15
$844
324
77
198
72
27
23
30
21
19
46
0)
0
5
$1,058
370
96
237
80
27
50
59
25
35
47
2
1
13
$1, 386
510
148
271
112
64
46
56
27
47
50
2
4
30
12
1
1
16
0
18
1
100.0
36.3
9.6
21.8
8.0
3.3
3.9
4.6
2.2
3.1
4.4
.2
.1
1.4
100.0
38.4
9.1
23.4
8.5
3.2
2. 7
3.6
2. 5
2.3
5. 5
(2)
0
.6
100.0
34.9
9.1
22.4
7.6
2.6
4.7
5.6
2.4
3.3
4.4
.2
.1
1.2
100.0
36.8
10. 7
19.6
8.1
4.6
3.3
4.0
1.9
3.4
3.6
.1
.3
2.2
1. 1
.1
.1
1.5
0
1.3
.1
0)
(2)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
442
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7- 1 8 for groups of items, by income level— Continued
PO R T L A N D , M A IN E —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Income level—Families with annual net
income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1,200
to
$1, 500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
and
over
E x p e n d itu r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families of types comparable with those
studied in 1917-18____ ___ ___
__ ___
Average family size:
P erson s____ _ _ ___________ _____ __ __
Expenditure units_____ ___ _______ __
92
5
21
31
19
9
7
4.67
4.17
3. 53
3.13
4. 65
4.13
4. 62
4. 08
4.01
3. 64
5. 53
4. 90
6. 57
5.92
$798
299
62
247
47
24
7
19
18
27
36
0
0
7
$1, 111
418
87
200
106
32
45
70
24
35
61
1
2
13
$1, 354
516
135
227
124
45
59
63
27
47
80
4
0)
17
$1, 651
510
185
264
152
72
72
84
32
100
111
5
2
26
$1, 695
559
191
284
160
53
73
138
32
72
99
2
2
14
$2, 460
843
293
353
186
110
148
167
58
69
153
28
3
25
4
1
10
7
9
1
35
1
16
23
1
100.0
35.2
10. 2
16.9
9.0
3.6
4.4
5. 7
2.1
4.0
6.0
.4
.1
1.2
100.0
37.4
7.8
30.9
5.9
3.0
.9
2.4
2.3
3.4
4.5
0
0
.9
100.0
37.6
7.8
18.0
9.5
2.9
4.0
6.3
2.2
3.2
5.5
.1
.2
1.2
100.0
38.1
9.9
16. 7
9. 2
3.3
4.4
4.6
2.0
3.5
5.9
.3
(2)
1.3
100.0
30.8
11.2
16.0
9. 2
4.4
4.4
5.1
1.9
6.1
6.7
.3
.1
1.6
100.0
33.0
11. 3
16.8
9. 5
3.1
4. 3
8.1
1.9
4.3
5.8
.1
.1
.8
100.0
34.3
11.9
14. 4
7. 5
4. 5
6.1
6.8
2.4
2.8
6.2
1.1
.1
1.0
1.1
.1
.5
.1
.9
.6
.7
.1
2.1
.1
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items. _ ___ __ _________ ____ $1, 448
510
Food. _ _ _ __ _
__ __
148
Clothing___ ______________ ____ _
Housing_______________
_______ ____
245
Fuel, light, and refrigeration__________
130
52
Other household operation______ ______
64
Furnishings and equipment________ _
82
Transportation.
_ _______________ _
30
Personal care_______ _ __ ___________
58
Medical care_____
___ __
__
Recreation. ___________
___ ___
87
Education..
__ _
______ _______
5
1
Vocation____ __ _____ _____ _____
18
Community welfare_________ ___ ___ _
Gifts and contributions to persons out
16
side the economic family______ _ __
2
Other item s___ ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Percentage of total annual current expendi
ture for—
All item s._ ___________________ ______
Food__
__ _______ _____ ___________
_ ______ _ _ _
Clothing___
Housing. _ _ _ ____
_ ______ ___
Fuel, light, and refrigeration_______ __
Other household operation____________
Furnishings and equipment_____ ____ _
Transportation__
_____ ____ _______
Personal care__ ___
_ _ _ _____
Medical care _ _ __ _ ________
___
Recreation_____ ___ _ __ _ ________
E d u c a tio n ...___ ___ ______ ___ ______
______ _ _________
Vocation______
Community welfare ____ _ ________
Gifts and contributions to persons out
side the economic fa m ily ____________
Other i t e m s . __ ___ ___________ ______
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
(0
.9
(2)
.9
(2)
443
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 — for groups of items, by income level— Continued
18
SC R A N T O N , PA.—W H ITE FA M IL IE S
Income level—Families with annual
net income of—
Item
All
fami
lies
Under
$900
$900
to
$1,200
$1, 200
to
$1,500
$1, 500
to
$1,800
$1,800
and
over
E x p e n d it u r e s fo r G r o u p s o f It e m s
Families of types comparable with those studied in
1917-18_______________________________________
Average family size:
Persons ___________________________ _ _ . _____
Expenditure units______________________________
153
16
29
46
38
24
4.28
3. 85
4.27
3.82
4.13
3.78
4.06
3. 61
4. 30
3. 84
4.87
4. 41
$974
402
97
181
83
27
59
19
19
35
15
6
8
16
$1,145
427
103
241
107
28
37
44
24
35
50
1
10
23
$1,375
512
160
270
109
40
55
56
25
50
55
3
8
24
$1, 584
589
189
274
133
46
81
53
30
68
58
5
8
29
$1,913
636
213
328
149
63
99
111
34
63
95
11
35
43
5
2
8
7
7
1
100.0
36.6
11.1
18.6
8.3
2.9
4.6
4.1
1.9
3.6
4.0
.4
.9
1.9
100.0
41.3
10.0
18.5
8.5
2.8
6.1
2.0
2.0
3.6
1.5
.6
.8
1.6
100.0
37.3
9.0
21.0
9.3
2.5
3.2
3.8
2.1
3.1
4.4
.1
.9
2.0
100.0
37.2
11.6
19.7
8.0
2.9
4.0
4.1
1.8
3.6
4.0
.2
.6
1.7
100.0
37.2
11.9
17.3
8.4
2.9
5.1
3.4
1.9
4.3
3.7
.3
.5
1.8
1.0
.1
.5
.2
.7
.6
.5
.1
1.3
00
Average annual current expenditure for—
All items. ___________________________________ $1, 426
Food____________________________ _________
523
Clothing__________ _ __ __ _________ _______
158
Housing_____________________________________
265
Fuel, light, and refrigeration--- --------------118
42
Other household operation..
__ ________
65
Furnishings and equipment____. . ____
Transportation— ______ ___________________
58
27
Personal care____________________________ ___
52
Medical care___________ _______
- - --Recreation __ ________ — - ____ _ __ _ __
57
Education ____ ___________ ___________ _
5
Vocation----------- ------ ------------------13
27
Community welfare—- ______________
—- _
Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
14
economic family_________ _ ---------------2
Other it e m s ---------------------------- -----Percentage of total annual current expenditure for—
All item s___________ . . . ___ — ___ ______ ____
Food___________________ - ____________ ___
Clothing_____________________________________
Housing-------------- --- ---------- -----Fuel, light, and refrigeration------------ -------Other household o p era tio n ___________________
Furnishings and equipment-. _ ____________ —
Transportation__________________________ ___
Personal care___________________________ — —
Medical care_ __ _ __ _ — ------- -- — — —
Recreation.-- ------- __ --- — - - — -. —
Education. -----------------------------------V o ca tio n --- -------------------------- - — --Community welfare--- ------------------ — Gifts and contributions to persons outside the
economic family.. . __ ------ ------------ ----Other items ._. ---------- . . — . -T --- —
1 Less than $0.50.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
Notes on this table are in appendix A, p. 465.
21
0)
33
0)
100.0
33.3
11.1
17.1
7.8
3.3
5.2
5.8
1.8
3.3
5.0
.6
1.8
2.2
(2)
1.7
444
x r i
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T able
24A.— Coefficients of variation 1 of money disbursements
N O R T H A T L A N T IC
R E G IO N —W H ITE FA M IL IE S
Springfield
Scranton
j Rochester
Portland
Pittsburgh
Philadelphia
Manchester
Lancaster
Boston
Buffalo
Item
| Johnstown
Coefficients of variation 1 of money disbursements in—
All expenditure items
35
30
40
36
36
41
33
34
37
32
37
Food___________________ ..
Housing, including fuel,
light, and refrigeration___
Clothing
__ _ . _______
Other household operation. _
Furnishings and equipment T ra n sp o rta tio n .._______ _
Recreation. . _ _________
_____ ____
Medical care
Personal care.. . . . _______
Gifts and contributions_____
All other, i. e., education,
vocation, community wel
fare, and miscellaneous___
N et change in assets and liabil
ities:
For families having a net
surplus__________________
For families having a net
deficit______ __________
40
28 _ 40
42
38
40
35
36
38
37
41
42
60
81
173
109
70
147
55
182
29
60
75
139
109
64
115
52
198
45
64
71
138
166
82
204
57
362
49
59
80
123
138
69
132
57
215
51
61
71
163
147
69
163
63
177
52
65
83
166
128
72
143
58
221
45
63
72
134
131
65
144
54
190
28
68
71
131
131
70
125
62
205
41
59
82
154
121
67
114
49
180
36
53
100
180
138
78
117
51
169
42
62
94
144
126
67
117
61
175
135
200
85
222
92
195
177
188
132
194
146
106
98
107
154
137
105
134
96
95
132
106
100
107
98
121
109
101
96
93
104
109
99
1 Computed by dividing the standard deviation by the mean expenditure and multiplying by 100. Stand
ard deviations were computed by taking the square root of the sum of the squares of the deviation of each
observation from the mean divided by the number of cases less 1.
T able
24B.— Coefficients of variation1 of money disbursements, by income level
BU FFA L O , N. Y —W H ITE FA M ILIES
Coefficients of variation 1 of money disbursements for families with
annual net incomes of—
Item
$600 to $900 to
$1,200
$900
$1,200
to
$1,500
$1,500
to
$1,800
$1,800
to
$2,100
$2,100
to
$2,400
$2,400
to
$2,700
$2,700
and
over
_______
13
17
15
20
15
13
7
17
Food_____
_____
... ...
Housing, including fuel, light,
and refrigeration. __ ________
Clothing____ _______________
Other household operation . . _
Furnishings and equipment____
T ransportation.____ ____ _____
Recreation, _ _ . . . ______ _
Medical care ______ _______
Personal care _ . . . ________
Gifts and contributions____ ____
All other, i. e-., education, voca
tion, community welfare, and
miscellaneous. ____ _ __
Net change in assets and liabilities:
For families having a net surplus .
For families having a net deficit.
16
22
20
23
24
18
10
29
21
49
46
297
56
50
109
52
145
28
54
81
148
74
50
135
37
162
23
42
58
170
98
51
115
49
284
28
58
68
120
110
47
101
43
100
27
41
55
105
92
52
98
38
120
28
36
83
99
65
74
84
31
192
32
28
66
81
75
51
87
50
99
34
45
25
60
53
41
95
55
135
72
267
165
78
147
172
137
123
67
112
81
104
72
97
81
112
83
82
79
87
137
98
66
All expenditure item s____
1 Computed by dividing the standard deviation by the mean expenditure and multiplying by 100.
Standard deviations were computed by taking the square root of the sum of the squares of the deviation of
each observation from the mean divided by the number of cases less 1.
TABULAR SUM M ARY
T able
4 45
25.— Expenditures for groups of items estimated from regression equation 1
PH IL A D E L P H IA , P A —W H ITE FA M ILIE S
Under
$900
Items
$900 to
$1,200
$1,200 to
$1,500
$1,500 to
$1,800
$1,800 to
$2,100
$2,100 to
$2,400
All items- __ ___________________ _ ___
$862
$1,143
$1,411
$1,674
$1,932
$2,187
Food____________ _______ _____ ______
Housing, including fuel, light, and refrig
eration_____________________________
Clothing________________ ___ ______
Other household operation___ ___ ___
Furnishings and equipment- _________
Transportation________________________
Recreation________ _________________
Medical care______ __________________
Personal care_________ ______________
Gifts and contribution_________________
All other, i. e., education, vocation, com
m unity welfare, and miscellaneous-- _ _
393
454
522
592
664
737
213
77
33
12
41
39
18
19
2
323
88
41
44
60
48
31
22
10
380
121
52
62
87
65
43
27
19
411
166
65
72
118
85
56
33
28
425
218
78
77
152
108
68
40
37
427
275
92
78
188
133
80
47
46
15
21
33
49
66
84
1 The equation used is
Y = a + b X ^ + cX t
where
X
is annual net income.
Part IV .— Appendixes
447
Appendix A
Notes on Tabular Summary
G e n e r a l.
Economic fam ily.— An “ economic family” as defined for this study
consists of two or more persons living together and sharing their
economic resources. In most cases, the members of an economic
family are related by ties of blood, marriage, or adoption, but in some
cases an unrelated member was found to share income and family
living. Persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption were not
treated as members of the economic family if they lived as boarders
and kept their funds separate from family funds, unless they gave a
complete record of their incomes and expenditures. Persons who
were members of the economic family for an entire year were not
necessarily members of the household for the year. A member sup
ported by the family in school, college, or hospital for all or part of
the year, or a member working away from home for part of the year,
sharing his income with the family for that period and able to report
all his expenses for that period would be treated as a member of the
economic family but not of the household for the entire year. In
computing the number of persons who were part of the economic
family for a year, the number of weeks each member had shared his
income with the family was listed, the numbers summed, and the total
divided by 52. This procedure yielded the number of equivalent
persons who had made up the family for 1 year.
Household.— The household has been defined to include the members
of the economic family living together in one dwelling, plus roomers
and guests sleeping in the family dwelling, plus boarders and guests
eating with the family. The number of persons in the household was
computed by adding the number of weeks each member of the family
had been part of the family’s housekeeping establishment, the number
of weeks each boarder, lodger, and guest had been with them, and
dividing the total by 52 in order to secure the number of equivalent
persons making up the household for 1 year.
Net family income or net money income.— Net family income has
been defined to mean the sum of earnings (including net receipts from
boarders and lodgers), net rent, interest, dividends, gifts, pensions,
insurance annuities received during the schedule year, minus business
losses and expenses. The money value of income received in kind,
449
450
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
whether from services of the housewife, use of owned home, or other
sources, has not been included in computing income in this investiga
tion. No funds received as a result of the depletion of assets have
been treated as income. Similarly, inheritances have not been re
garded as income.
Current expenditures.— Throughout the report the term “ current
expenditures’ ’ is used to mean expenditures for ultimate consumer
goods, including relatively durable consumption goods. Interest on
money borrowed for family use has been included in such expenditures,
but savings and investments have not. The time and funds available
for the investigation have not made possible the presentation of sep
arate totals distinguishing expenditures for the more slowly consumed,
as distinguished from quickly consumed goods. Indeed, the data on
depreciation rates for relatively durable consumer goods are so frag
mentary that it would be extremely difficult to do so. Expenditures
for such durable goods as automobiles, mechanical refrigerators, and
other furnishings and equipment have been classified with expenditures
for food and carfare and other quickly consumed goods as “ current
expenditures,” while money spent for permanent improvements on
owned homes and other real estate or as payment on the principal
of mortgages has been classified as savings. The total cost of con
sumer goods purchased on credit was included in current expenditures
and the amount of the obligations outstanding at the end of the year
was taken into account when computing changes in liabilities over
the 12-month period. Money paid out for life-insurance premiums
has been classified as savings.
The total obligations incurred in the year covered by the schedule
for consumers’ goods purchased on credit was included in current
expenditures and the amount of the obligation outstanding at the
end of the year was taken into account when computing changes in
liabilities over the 12-month period. For example, the total amount
incurred for an item purchased on the installment plan (original price
plus carrying charges) is entered as the amount of the expenditure,
though the amount paid in the schedule year may be considerably
less than the total contracted for; and the total amount of rent, taxes,
etc., falling due in a year are entered as though paid, though they
have been paid in part or not at all. The unpaid balances owing at
the end of the schedule year on debts contracted during the schedule
year are entered as increases in debts on table 4. Amounts paid
during the schedule year on goods purchased on the installment plan
before the beginning of that year are treated as savings. (See “ Sur
plus,” p. 451; “ Payment of debts to: Firms selling on installment
plan,” p. 456; and “ Increase in debts: Payable to firms selling on
installment plan,” p. 456.)
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMMARY
451
Expenditures as entered on tables are purchase price less trade-in
allowance, in cases where such trade-in allowances were made, for
example, automobile and furniture purchases.
Surplus or deficit.— Surplus or deficit represents the difference
between current income and current expenditures. Since the figures
on both these amounts as secured by the schedule method are subject
to an undetermined error of estimate (see “ Balancing difference,”
p. 452), the surplus and deficit data were obtained by asking in detail
changes in individual asset and liability items over the schedule year.
Net surplus or net deficit was computed as the net difference between
the funds received during the schedule year not used for current ex
penditures and the funds made available for family use from sources
other than money income (table 4 ; see also p. 18 of schedule facsimile,
p. 505). It should be noticed that the emphasis is placed on net
rather than gross figures for changes in assets and liabilities. That is,
for an individual family, only net entries were made for an individual
transaction such as a trade of property involving a net payment of
$500. Thus, the net change item is more significant than the absolute
amount either of increase or decrease in assets or increase or decrease
in liabilities.
Surplus.— Surplus, savings, and investment are terms used to mean
net decrease in liabilities and/or increase in assets. This figure appears
as the net change in assets and liabilities (when the total increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities is greater than the total decrease
in assets and/or increase in liabilities). Money paid on the principal
of real estate mortgages or spent for permanent improvements to real
estate (such as the addition of a room to a house) has been treated
as an increase in assets and hence as investment, as has also money
spent for the purchase of stocks and bonds, building and loan shares,
and other forms of permanent assets. Money used, for example, for
the payment of installment obligations for an automobile purchased
prior to the schedule year, is treated as decrease in liabilities and
hence as a part of savings. Thus, money used for decreasing the
liabilities of a preceding year, as well as that used to increase assets,
has been treated as savings.
Deficit.— Deficit or negative savings is the term used to mean net
increase in liabilities and/or net decrease in assets. This figure appears
as the net change in assets and liabilities (when the total decrease in
assets and/or increase in liabilities is greater than total increase in
assets and/or decrease in liabilities) and is shown in tables 2, 5, 19,
and 22 of the Tabular Summary. Money received through the sale
of property, from the settlement or surrender of life insurance or
endowment policies, and repayments by others of the loans made to
them have been treated as money resulting from decreases in assets
or changes in their form and thus may form part of deficits or negative
452
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
savings, but not of money income. Money borrowed either directly
or as book credit is a form of increase in liabilities and hence may
comprise a part of deficits or negative saving but is definitely not a
part of money income.
Inheritance.— Money received by inheritance, essentially a windfall,
cannot be treated as income because it is nonrecurring, nor as invest
ment, because it may be spent during the year, nor can it be regarded
as a decrease in assets in the same sense as withdrawal of savings or
sale of property. Inheritance has, therefore, been treated as an
independent item, forming a part of total receipts and coordinate with
but not a part of current income and net change in assets and liabilities.
It is shown in tables 2, 4, 5, 19, and 22. It includes only cash inher
itances received during the schedule year. Inheritances of property
not sold during the schedule year are not recorded.
Total money receipts.— The term “ total money receipts’’ has been
used to describe total money income plus deficits or net negative
savings wherever they occur, plus money received through inheritance.
This item is not shown as such in the Tabular Summary but it may
be computed by adding for any desired group of families the following
items: annual money income, net changes in assets and liabilities
where the sign of the net change is minus (— ), and inheritance.
Total money disbursements.— The term “ total money disbursements”
has been used to describe total current expenditures plus surpluses
or net savings or investment wherever they occur. This item is not
shown as such in the Tabular Summary but it may be computed by
adding for any desired group of families the following items: annual
current expenditure and net change in assets and liabilities where the
sign of the net change is plus ( + ) .
Balancing difference.— The difference between total disbursements
and total receipts on any schedule was the balancing difference, and
represented discrepancies due to inability of families to recall to the
last penny every financial transaction of the year. No schedule was
accepted in which this difference was greater than 5 percent of the
larger figure.
Schedule year.— All data shown in the tables are for a 12-month
period unless otherwise specified. The data secured from each family
apply to the schedule year prior to the visit of the field investigator,
ending with any one of four specified quarters: the winter quarter
ending February 28, the spring quarter ending M ay 31, the summer
quarter ending August 31, and the fall quarter ending November 30.
For the purposes of the revision of the cost of living index, it was
desired to secure material on seasonal variations in expenditures, and
on this account data on purchases in different quarters were obtained
for food, clothing, fuel and light, furniture and furnishings, automo
biles and motorcycles, movies, and certain other items.
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMMARY
453
Averages based on all families.— All averages unless otherwise speci
fied in the table are computed by dividing the appropriate aggregate
by the total number of families in the group to which the aggregate
applies and not by the smaller number of families in that group actu
ally making the expenditure for or having the indicated item. The
average expenditure per family purchasing a given item may be readily
computed by multiplying the average for all families in the group
by the number of families in the group to obtain the aggregate expendi
ture and dividing this figure by the number of families purchasing.
T^lotes o n in d iv id u a l ta b les .
T a b l e 1.-— D istrib u tio n o f fa m ilie s , by econom ic level and in co m e level
Families have been classified by economic level according to the amount of
current expenditures per expenditure unit, a measure which takes into account
total family expenditure and family size and composition. The explanation of
this measure and its use will be found on pages 29-31 and 506-516.
Families have been classified by income level according to the net family income,
i. e., total family income minus nonfamily losses and business expense.
T able
2.— D e sc r ip tio n
o f fa m ilie s stu died, b y econom ic level
(See also tables 5, 19, and 22 for the same data by other classifications)
For tabulation the classification of occupations was made on the basis of the
Works Progress Administration occupational classification. See appendix D,
pages 481-482.
The hom em aker is the person reporting herself responsible for the management
of the household, or in the case of two-generation families, the wife of the “ head
of the family.”
H o u seh o ld and econom ic f a m i ly are defined on page 449.
In this table, a person
in the household or economic family for less than a year is treated as the appro
priate decimal equivalent of a person.
The equivalent number of persons in the household is computed by adding the
total number of weeks spent in the household by each member of the household,
and dividing the resulting aggregate by 52 (the number of weeks in a year).
Number of equivalent persons in other categories listed in the table are computed
in the same manner.
E a r n in g s. — Earnings include wages, salaries, tips, industrial bonuses, and com
missions. Amounts deducted by employers for pensions, insurance, annuities,
etc., are included in earnings, and also entered in table 4 as payment of premiums
for insurance policies. If a worker, as for example, in the building trades, pays
a helper, the workers’ earnings are entered as net, i. e., the pay to the helper is
deducted.
N e t earnings f r o m boarders and lodgers are gross payments for board and lodging
minus the calculated cost of food for boarders. The cost of boarders’ food is
computed by dividing each family’s annual food expenditure by the number of
food-expenditure units for all the persons eating in the household; the resulting
food expenditure per food-expenditure unit is then multiplied by the number of
food-expenditure units for boarders.
Other net rents are gross rents received from tenants less current expenditures,
including taxes, paid out by the scheduled family in connection with the rented
property.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
454
P e n s io n s and in su ra n ce a n n u ities include veterans’ pensions, pensions from
employers, compensation received under workmen’s compensation laws, unem
ployment benefits from trade-unions, etc., income from annuities purchased, and
benefits from sickness, accident, theft, and fire insurance.
G ifts include money received from persons not members of the economic family.
Such persons include persons members of the natural but not the economic family.
Other sources of in co m e include net receipt from sale of home produce, winnings
from gambling, court settlements, payment for child support, rebates, and dividend
checks received on purchases bought through cooperative organizations, etc. In
those cases in which a worker away from home received a cash subsistence allow
ance, the allowance was entered as other money income and the expenditures for
meals, lodging, etc., were included in the proper expenditure tables. This case
would be distinguished from that in which a salesman, for example, received an
allowance for mileage; in such a case the travel expenditure was considered business
expense and no entry was made either for expenditure or corresponding income
with the exception that net gains on such an account are entered as other money
income.
D edu ctio n s f r o m in co m e (bu sin ess losses and expenses) includes nonfamily losses,
i. e., net losses on rented property (current expenditures for property minus gross
rents received) and current expenditures on any unrented real estate other than
own home, etc., and net losses on traveling or subsistence allowances, and any
other business expenses.
Nonbusiness losses, i. e., family losses, are not deducted from income but are
treated as other family expenditures in table 16. For example, contents of a purse
lost, or bail forfeited which had been posted for a friend, are treated as miscellane
ous family expenditure.
S u r p lu s or deficit. — See page 451.
In h erita n ce. — See page 452.
The n u m ber o f ga in fu l w orkers p er f a m i l y is the total number of persons gainfully
employed at any time during the year. Each person is counted as one regardless
of the length of his employment. The definition differs from that of the “ gainfully
occupied” as used by the census in that a person continuously unemployed through
out the year is not counted as a gainful worker. On the other hand a person is
so counted even if his earnings were occasional and he does not necessarily regard
himself as regularly in the labor market.
The ch ief earner is the member with the largest money earnings.
T able
3.— E x p e n d itu r es
f o r grou ps o f item s , by econ om ic level
(See tables 6, 20, and 23 for same data by other classifications)
For the items included in each group of expenditures see table 8, Food; table 17,
Clothing; table 10, Housing; table 11, Fuel, light, and refrigeration; table 12,
Other household operation; table 18, Furnishings and equipment; table 13, Auto
mobile and motorcycle purchase, operation, and maintenance, and other trans
portation; table 14, Personal care, medical care; table 15, Recreation; table 16,
Education, vocation, community welfare, gifts, and contributions to persons out
side economic family, and other items.
Housing includes water, fuel, light, and refrigeration for families not making
payment for these items separately from rent. (See tables 11 and 12.)
Percentages are based on rounded dollar averages.
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMMARY
T able 4.—
D is p o s itio n
455
o f m o n e y received d u rin g the schedule yea r not u sed f o r
current f a m i l y expenditure and fu n d s m ade available f o r f a m i ly use f r o m sources
other than f a m i l y in c o m e , b y econ om ic level
In these tables only the cash or credit changes in assets or liabilities as shown
in transactions during the schedule year are entered. That is, purchase of a
share of stock is entered as “ Increase in assets: Investment in: Stocks and bonds,”
but increase in the value of a share owned but not sold during the year is not
recorded.
For each individual family only the net amount of the change in any individual
item, where the items correspond in the two tables, is entered on the schedule.
For instance, if a family deposits $200 in a savings account during the year and
withdraws $250, an entry of $50 is made under “ Decrease in assets: Reduction in
cash: In savings account,” and no entry is made under “ Increase in assets:
Increase in cash: In savings account.” The aggregate upon which the average
for the item “ Decrease in assets: Reduction in cash: In savings account,” in
table 4 is based is then the sum of the net reductions of savings account balances
of all families having net reductions in their savings account balances. Similarly,
the aggregate upon which the average for the item “ Increase in assets: Increase
in cash: In savings account” is based is the sum of the net increase in savings
account balances of all families having net increases in their savings account
balances.
A transaction affecting two different items, such as the payment of a mortgage
and the receipt of a loan with which to make the payment, is generally not entered
as a single net amount, but the total amounts of both the payment and the loan
are entered separately.
It should be noted that not all items in the two sections of the table correspond.
Payments of premiums of insurance policies are listed under “ Average amount of
funds disposed in: Increase in assets.” The corresponding item, receipts in the
form of annuities, is not listed under “ Average amount of funds received from:
Decrease in assets,” but is entered in tables 2, 5, and 22 under “ Receipts.” Money
from the sale of goods and chattels is entered in table 4, but purchases of goods
and chattels are entered in the appropriate expenditure tables. Money from
inheritances is entered in table 4, but contrasting payments by the family sched
uled (bequests to nonmembers) are listed under current expenditures as Gifts
and contributions (table 16).
In vestm en t i n : Im p ro v em en t in o w n hom e includes permanent improvements such
as the addition of a porch or room, or installation of wiring for electricity. Repairs
and replacements are not considered improvements, and are entered in table 10
as current housing expenditures.
In vestm en t i n : Other real estate in clu d in g real estate m ortgages includes both
improvements made on and purchase of real estate other than owned home.
This item also includes purchase by the scheduled family of real estate mortgages.
P a y m e n t o f p r em iu m s f o r in su ran ce p olicies includes amounts deducted from
wages for company insurance; trade-union dues when these entitled the payer to
insurance benefits; payments to other organizations when they entitled the payer
to insurance benefits; payments for combined life and sickness and disability
insurance when the amounts assignable to sickness and disability insurance are
considered the smaller part of the total; “ burial insurance” and payments to burial
societies; and payments for life-insurance premiums for persons not members of
the economic family.
In crea se in outstanding loans to others includes increase in loans to any persons
not members of the economic family.
53959°— 39------ 30
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
456
P a y m e n t o f debts to : F ir m s selling on installm ent pla n includes only payments
for purchases made prior to the beginning of the schedule year. The entire
amounts due for goods purchased on installment during the schedule year are
entered in the appropriate expenditure tables.
P a y m e n t o f debts to : In d iv id u a ls includes payment of debts incurred prior to the
schedule year to tradesmen, physicians, landlords, and other persons.
P a y m e n t o f debts to : Other includes payment of debts incurred prior to the
schedule year on charge accounts, taxes, assessments, etc.
S a le o f p r o p e r ty : G oods and chattels does not include articles “ traded in” on the
purchase. When, for instance, an allowance was made for the trade-in of an old
ice box in the purchase of a refrigerator, the amount of the allowance is not
entered in any of the tables and the expenditure shown for the refrigerator (in
table 18) is the price less the allowance. The same procedure was followed for
automobiles, radios, and other items for which articles were “ traded in” for credit.
In crea se in liabilities includes debts incurred during the schedule year even
though these were later wiped out by bankruptcy proceedings.
In crea se in debts: P a y a b le to fir m s selling on insta llm ent pla n includes balances
due at the end of the schedule year on goods purchased on installment during the
schedule year. For example, if a family incurred a bill of $250 during the schedule
year for a suite of furniture purchased on the installment plan and paid install
ments totaling $150 during the year, having a balance still owing of $100 at the
end of the schedule year, the following entries would appear: In table 18, current
expenditure for furniture suite, $250; in table 4, increase in debts payable to firms
selling on installment plan, $100.
In c rea se in deb ts: P a y a b le to in divid u als includes unpaid debts incurred during
the schedule year to tradesmen, physicians, landlords, and other persons.
In crea se in debts: Other debts includes unpaid debts incurred during the schedule
year on charge accounts, taxes, assessments, etc.
In h erita n ce. — See page 452.
T able 5.— D e sc r ip tio n
o f fa m ilie s stu d ied , b y in co m e level
(See tables 2, 19, and 22 for same data by other classifications)
Data presented in this table are the same as those in table 2, except that the
families have been classified by net family income level rather than by economic
level. (See notes on table 2.)
T able 6.—
E x p e n d itu r e f o r grou p s o f item s f by in co m e level
(See tables 3, 20, and 23 for same data by other classifications)
Data presented in this table are the same as those in table 3, except that the
families have been classified by net family income level rather than by economic
level. (See notes on table 3.)
T able 7.—
F oo d
used
at hom e and purchased f o r
c on su m p tion
at hom e d uring
1 w eek , by econom ic level
In order to avoid overburdening the housewives who cooperated in the study
the details of food purchases were requested only for the week preceding the
agent's visit. In most cities the field work extended over more than one season.
The differences between the averages secured in the several quarters in such in
stances reflect not only seasonal differences in food purchases, but also accidental
differences in the economic level and the national backgrounds of the families in
the subsamples interviewed in the different quarters. It was therefore decided to
publish in full for each city only the estimates for that season in which data were
secured from the largest number of families.
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMM ARY
457
The number of equivalent full-time persons shown in table 7 is obtained by
counting the total number of persons eating 21 meals at home during the week
as the appropriate decimal equivalent of a person. A lunch prepared at home
but carried and eaten away from home is included as a meal eaten at home.
For the method of obtaining the number of food-expenditure units, see appendix
G, page 509.
The quantities and expenditures entered in table 7 are for all food purchased
for use by the household at home or prepared at home to be taken out during the
week, including that for boarders, guests, and servants.
Data were obtained for each of the following items— “ number of families pur
chasing,” “ number of families using” ; “ average quantity purchased,” “ average
quantity used” — as well as “ expenditure.” Since the quantities purchased and
quantities used in 1 week were in the great majority of cases identical, only data on
quantities purchased are presented in table 7, these figures may be compared with
the figures on expenditure. Likewise, for most, although not all of the food
items, the number of families purchasing and the number using was the same.
Because of limitation of printing space, only the figures for families using are
presented, they being needed to obtain a complete picture of food consumption
habits of the families studied.
If comparisons are made between expenditures for quantities of foods at dif
ferent economic levels, it should be noted that the composition of the families
changes from one level to another. There are in general a larger proportion of
adults at the higher economic levels. Since human needs for and customary
consumption of various specific foods vary considerably for persons of different
age and sex and occupation, it becomes impossible to make a strict comparison
of food consumption with needs at the different economic levels. Thus the needs
for carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, etc., increase in differing ratios for different
sex-age groups; children’s need for milk is approximately twice as great as that for
adults, while the need of heat-producing foods (starches and sugars) of adults is
about twice as great as that of children. Children’s meat consumption varies from
that of adults at a still different rate. In order to secure figures on quantities of
and expenditures for individual foods purchased which would provide a reasona
bly satisfactory basis for comparison and yet not present a misleading appear
ance of refinement, data on family purchases of individual foods have been
converted to a per capita basis.
Expenditures or quantity per food expenditure unit may be computed by multi
plying the average expenditure or quantity per person shown by the average
number of persons per family and dividing the product by the average number of
food expenditure units per family. However, in interpreting such results, the
factor pointed out in the preceding paragraph must be considered, namely that a
single food relative scale cannot be correctly descriptive of needs of persons of
different sex and age for varying types of specific foods.
In considering quantities purchased it must be remembered that “ pounds”
are a measure of weight only, not of nutritional equivalence.
T a b l e 8 . — Annual
food expenditures, by economic level
The figures for average annual expenditures for food exclude the computed cost
of food consumed by boarders.
For the method of obtaining the number of food-expenditure units see appendix
G, page 509.
Meals bought and eaten away from home includes tips.
Candy, ice cream, drinks, etc., bought and eaten away from home includes expendu
ture for all between-meal food and drink consumed away from home,
458
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T a b l e 9 . — Housing
facilities, by economic level
The facilities described in this table apply to the dwelling occupied by the family
at the end of the schedule year, and which may or may not have been the family’s
dwelling unit during the entire schedule year. No attempt was made by the field
agents to determine whether or not a facility met any defined standard either as to
quality or as to state of repair.
Average monthly rental rate is the rental rate for the house inhabited by the
family at the end of the schedule year. (Note that this rate is not necessarily
the same as that shown in table 10, Housing expenditures, which is the average
rate paid throughout the year.)
A detached house is free, standing with open space on all sides; a semidetached
house has open space on three sides; a row house has open space on two sides; a
two-family house is one designed for occupancy by two families, one above the
other.
Multiple dwelling.— A building designed for occupancy by three or more families
has been classed as a multiple dwelling.
Garden space is defined as space actually devoted to a garden or to a lawn on
the premises or belonging to the dwelling.
T a b l e 10.— Housing expenditures, by economic level
The type and amount of expenditure by a family for housing necessarily vary
with type of tenure, dwelling, and manner of payment for heating. Separate
sections of the table are therefore presented for families who can be classified into
homogeneous groups with respect to housing expenditures. These are: II,
“ Home owners” ; III, “ House renters” ; IV, “ Apartment renters with heat in
cluded in rent” ; V, “ Apartment renters with heat not included in rent.” Families
whose housing arrangements changed during the year are not shown separately,
but are included in section I, “ All families in survey.” Section I therefore in
cludes families shown in sections II, III, IV, and V, and families with the following
housing arrangements: Owning a principal home during part of the year and
renting a principal home during part of the year; having as a principal home a
house for a part of the year and an apartment for a part of the year; renting as
principal home an apartment with heat included in rent for a part of the year and
an apartment with heat not included in rent for a part of the year.
A vacation home is one which the family has for vacation purposes, and rents or
owns simultaneously with its principal home. Simultaneous rental or ownership
of a vacation home does not exclude families in sections II, III, IV, and V.
Investment in home includes down payments, payment of principal on mortgages,
and permanent improvements (not repairs) on home.
In cases where the home owned and occupied by the family was a two-family
house, only that portion of the investment or expenditure which applied to the
owner’s own living quarters has been included under “ Average amount invested”
or “ Average current housing expenditure.” The proportions used in making
this allocation were based on the comparative monthly rental values of the two
dwellings under consideration. The amount of housing expenditure allocated
to the rented portion of the house was deducted from the gross rent received
from the tenant to arrive at “ Other net rents” (tables 2, 5, 19, and 22). The
amount of the investment allocated to the rented portion of the house was entered
as “ Investment in other real estate” (table 4).
Taxes.— Amounts due on “ taxes” or “ rent” are entered under these respective
headings even if unpaid at the end of the schedule year. The amounts unpaid
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMM ARY
459
at the end of the schedule year are also entered in table 4 as “ Increase in debts:
Other debts.”
Fire insurance and liability insurance.— No attempt was made to prorate pay
ments for previous or coming years. The total amount paid during the year was
considered current expenditure.
Rent.— The rent reported covered the use of such facilities as heat, light,
furniture, and water when these were provided by the landlord.
Families living in rented homes and subrenting portions a s apartments were
T
scheduled provided there were separate meters for gas and electricity, that heat
costs could be estimated, and that not more than two families (including the
scheduled family) had dwellings there. In such cases only that amount of the
rent, operating expenditures, and expenditure for repairs which applied to the
portion of the house occupied by the scheduled family was entered. The remain
ing expenditures for rent, operating, and repairs were deducted from the gross
rent received from the tenant to arrive at “ Other net rents” (tables 2, 5, 19, and
22). The proportions used in allocating housing expenditure between the two
families were based on the comparative rental rates of the two dwellings.
No attempt was made to allocate the cost of space rented to roomers.
Concessions are defined as the money value of rent given free by the landlord
for a short time as an inducement to the family to rent the living quarters or to
offset the expense of moving.
Apartments are defined as dwellings in multiple dwellings or in two-family
houses designed for occupancy by two families, one above the other. (See notes
on table 9, p. 458.) A dwelling consisting of rooms set apart for the use of the
scheduled family within a house originally designed for occupancy by one family
was also classed as an apartment.
Rooms.— In the count of the number of rooms, dining rooms, living rooms,
bedrooms, libraries, sewing rooms, kitchens, kitchenettes, and enclosed porches
are included. Halls, closets, storerooms, pantries, open porches, laundries,
alcoves, rooms used for business purposes, dinettes, and bathrooms are not
included.
T able
11.— Fuel, light, and refrigeration expenditures, by economic level
The type and amount of expenditure by a family for fuel, light, and refrigera
tion necessarily vary with type of dwelling and manner of payment for heating.
Separate sections of the table are therefore presented for families whose expendi
tures for fuel, light, and refrigeration may be considered homogeneous. Families
whose type of dwelling or arrangement for payment for heating changed during
the year are not shown separately but are in section I, “ All families in survey.”
Section I therefore includes families shown in sections II, III, IV, and V and
families with the following arrangements for type of dwelling or payment for
heating: having a house part of the year and an apartment for part of the year;
having heat included in rent or ownership payments during part of the year and
not so included during part of the year; renting a home for part of the year and
owning a home for part of the year.
It should be noted that several items listed in this table might have been used
for purposes other than heating, cooking, lighting, and refrigeration. For in
stance, electricity is used for radios, curling irons, etc.; gasoline is used for cleaning.
T able
12.— Household operation expenditures other than for fuel, light, and refrig
eration, by economic level
Water rent includes only water rent paid separately from rent for dwelling.
Telephone includes both subscription and pay-station costs.
Domestic service includes maid service, laundress, furnace man, etc.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
460
Household paper includes toilet paper, wax paper, shelf paper, etc.
Stationery, pens, pencils, ink.— Expenditures for school supplies are entered in
table 16 under “ Formal education.”
Insurance on furniture is generally paid for a 3-year period. The entire expendi
ture was entered without regard to the period covered.
Interest on debts does not include interest paid on mortgages on home (table 10).
Other items includes shoe polish, candles, clothespins, clotheslines, grass
cutting, snow sho'veling, and tips to maids, janitors, elevator boys, and garbage
collectors, etc.
T able
13.— Transportation expenditures, by economic level
The expenditure shown for purchase of automobiles and motorcycles is the
purchase price less allowances for the trade-in of old cars and includes carrying
charges for installment purchases.
Rent of automobile and/or motorcycle includes expenditures for gasoline, oil, etc.
for a vehicle not owned by the family. It usually covered payment to a neighbor
for rides to work in his car, or payment for gasoline and oil for operation of a
borrowed car.
Other transportation expense includes dues for membership in automobile clubs.
T able
14.— Personal care expenditures and medical care expenditures, by economic
level
Personal care services.— A combination beauty or barber service charge was
prorated among the services supplied.
Other waves includes marcel, water, or finger wave.
Other personal care services includes facial treatments, massage, etc.
Toilet soap does not include laundry soap used for personal care.
Tooth powder, tooth paste, mouth washes does not include soda and salt used for
the cleaning of teeth.
Cosmetics and toilet preparations includes paper handkerchiefs and sanitary
napkins as well as face powder, rouge, perfume, etc.
Under “ Brushes, razor blades, and other toilet articles” are included compacts
and mirrors.
Medical care.— Frequently families knew definitely the total expenditure
incurred for an illness but were not sure of the correct allocation among such
items as physicians’ services, hospital room, operating-room charges, and medi
cines. Whenever possible flat-rate charges for such services as obstetrical care or
tonsillectomy were prorated among the services received. Where information
for such prorating could not be furnished, the entire charge was entered as expend
iture for general practitioner, specialist, or clinic, as the case might be. Therefore
expenditures for total medical care are probably more accurate than expenditures
for individual items of medical service.
Specialist and other practitioner includes heart specialists, pediatricians, eye, ear,
nose, and throat specialists, osteopaths, chiropractors, midwives, Christian
Science practitioners, etc.
Medicine and drugs includes the cost of filling prescriptions, home remedies,
patent medicines, adhesive tape, bandage, etc. Cod-liver oil was classified as a
food. (See table 7.)
Eyeglasses includes the cost of examination when the examination was given by
the same person or firm from whom glasses were purchased.
Medical appliances includes hot water bottles, crutches, etc.
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMM ARY
461
Accident and health insurance.— When accident and health insurance premium
payments are included with payments for life insurance and the life insurance
portion is considered the greater, the expenditures are not entered in table 14
but in table 4 under “ Payment of premiums for insurance policies: Life insurance.”
Other medical care includes expenditures for X-ray, operating room, blood trans
fusions, circumcision, etc.
T able
15.— Recreation expenditures, by economic level
Cameras, films, and photographic equipment includes cost of films and developing.
Athletic equipment and supplies does not include clothes for sports. Expendi
tures for sport clothes are entered in table 17.
Pets (purchase and care) includes dog licenses and food purchased especially
for pets.
Entertaining: In home, except food and drinks includes bridge prizes, etc.
Other recreation includes amusement park and dance hall admissions, 1-day
boat excursions, losses at cards, gambling and betting, cost of lottery tickets,
Christmas-tree decorations, expenditures for hobbies not elsewhere classified,
admission to fairs, spending money assigned to individual family members of
which no account could be given.
T able
16.— Formal education, vocation, community welfare, gifts and contributions
and miscellaneous expenditures, by economic level
Formal education
Expenditures for members away from home include tuition, and school supplies
but not the cost of board and lodging or school uniforms for members attending
school away from home.
Expenditures for members at home include tuition, books, stationery and sup
plies, fees for music and dancing lessons, etc., paid for by the economic family.
Vocation
Union dues or fees.— Payments to trade-unions with life insurance plans, where
dues and life insurance premium payments cannot be separated, are entered on
table 4 as “ Payments of premium for insurance policies: Life insurance.”
Other items of vocational expense include chauffeurs’ licenses, tools, fees to
employment offices, etc.
Community welfare
Taxes.— Does not include taxes on owned home (see p. 458) or on other real
estate (see p. 453), sales taxes (see p. 467), or indirect taxes.
Gifts and contributions
This section includes only gifts to persons not members of the economic family.
Gifts to organizations or institutions are not included, but are listed under
“ Community welfare.”
Christmas, birthday, etc., gifts includes money, gifts, and purchase price of items
given to nonmembers of the economic family.
Support of relatives includes money sent to relatives whether living in the United
States or in foreign countries. It also includes contributions to the funeral
expense of a relative not a member of the economic family.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
462
Miscellaneous expenditures
Losses includes only family or nonbusiness losses. Examples of such losses
are payment of notes of personal friends endorsed by members of the economic
family; bail forfeited which had been posted for a friend; premiums paid during
the schedule year on insurance or annuities forfeited through failure to keep
policies up to date; accidental loss of cash; payments on items bought on the
installment plan and lost for nonpayment on installments, without recompense
for amounts paid. Business losses are deducted from family income, see page 454.
Other includes dues and contributions to political organizations, expenses for
marriage licenses, christenings, bail, fines not connected with traffic violations, etc.
T able
17.— Clothing expenditures, by economic level
All figures in table 17 with the exception of those in section I are based upon
data for persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks. Expenditures for
persons dependent on family funds for less than 52 weeks are not shown in the
sections for different sex and age groups but are included in the total shown in
section I. These expenditures have been excluded from the detailed sections for
the reason that clothing expenditures for a person dependent on family funds for
only part of the year would be unrepresentative, since the family might buy all
or none of the year’s clothing supply for that person during the period he was
dependent on family funds.
In addition to the data shown in the clothing table, the following totals and
averages, if desired, may readily be computed from the data in the table:
1. Average number of articles purchased per person purchasing.1
2. Average expenditure per person purchasing.1
3. Average number of articles purchased per family having members in the
designated group.
4. Average expenditure per article per family having members in the designated
group.
5. Average price paid per article purchased.
6. Average number of articles purchased per family (all families).
7. Average expenditure per family (all families).
(1)
To secure the average number of articles purchased per person purchasing 1
in a given sex and age group at a given economic level, multiply the average
number of articles purchased per person (all persons) by the total number of
persons in the specified group. This result is the total number of articles pur
chased. This figure divided by the number of persons purchasing 1 yields the
average number of articles purchased per person purchasing.1 For example,
using figures on number of felt hats purchased for white men 18 years of age and
over in families with unit expenditure under $400:
Total number of families___________________________
408
b. Number of families having men 18 years of age and
over_____________________________________________
389
c. Number of men 18 years of age and over__________
464
d. Average number of men per family having men_____ 1. 19
Hats (felt):
e. Number of persons purchasing_____________________
139
/. Average number of articles per person (all persons) __ 0. 32
g. Average expenditure per person (all persons)_______ $1. 03
h. Total number of hats purchased ( /X c ) _____________
148
i. Average number of hats purchased per person pur
chasing 1 (h-*-e)__________________________________ 1.06
a.
1 Or person for whom purchased.
NOTES ON TABULAR SUMM ARY
463
(2)
Similarly to obtain the average expenditure per person purchasing 1 in a
specified sex and age group at a given economic level multiply the average ex
penditure per person (all persons) by the total number of persons in the specified
group. This result is the total expenditure for hats for this group, which when
divided by the number of persons purchasing 1 yields the average expenditure per
person purchasing.1 For example, using the figures given above:
j. Total expenditure for hats by the group (g X c ) ________ $477. 92
k. Average expenditure for hats per person purchasing 1
3. 44
( j + e ) _____________________________________________
(3) To obtain the average number of articles purchased per family having
members in a designated sex and age group at a given economic level, divide the
total number of articles purchased in that group (computed in accordance with
the instructions in paragraph (1) above) by the number of families in the group.
For example, again using the figures given above:
h. Total number of hats purchased (fX c )__________________
144
(Note this total has already been computed above.)
Z Average number of hats per family in the group (h-t-b)_ 0. 38
.
_
(4) To obtain the average expenditure per article per family having members
in a designated sex and age group at a given economic level, divide the total
expenditure per article (computed in accordance with the instructions in para
graph (2) above) by the number of families in the group. For example, using the
same figures given above:
j. Total expenditure for hats by the group (g X c) ______ $477. 92
(Note this total has already been computed above.)
m. Average expenditure for hats, per family in the group
(j-i-b)_____________________________________________
1. 23
(5) To obtain the average price paid per article purchased divide the total
expenditure for a given article for a given sex and age group at a given economic
level (as computed in accordance with the instructions in paragraph (2) above) by
the total number of articles purchased (as computed in accordance with the
instructions in paragraph (1) above). For example, using figures shown above:
Total expenditure for hats by the group (g X c) ---------- $477. 92
(Note this total has already been computed.)
h. Total number of hats purchased (f X c ) ---------------------148
(Note this total has already been computed.)
--------$3. 23
n. Average price paid per article purchased 2
j.
(6) To obtain average number of articles purchased per family (all families)
at a given economic level, divide the total number of articles purchased by all
families at that economic level. For example, using the same figures:
h. Total number of hats purchased_________________________
148
o. Average number of hats per family (h-t-a)-----------------------0. 36
1 Or person for whom purchased.
3 The average price paid for an article purchased should not be computed by dividing the “average expend
iture per person” by the “average number of articles per person.” Such a computation would lead to
slight inaccuracies in the second decimal place, because of rounding both the dividend and divisor before
division.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
464
(7) To obtain average expenditure per family (all families) at a given economic
level, divide the total expenditure for the given article by all families at that
economic level. For example, using the same figures:
j. Total expenditure for hats by the group (g X c) ________$477. 92
p. Average expenditure for hats per family (j-t-a)_______
1. 17
Section I.— For method of computation of number of clothing expenditure units
per fam ily see appendix G, page 511. This computation is based on all members
of the economic family, whether or not they were dependent on the family fund
for 52 weeks.
Ready-made clothing, dry cleaning, and accessories, includes all items listed in
sections III through X I for persons dependent on family funds for 52 weeks plus
such expenditures for persons dependent on family funds for less than 52 weeks.
Yard goods and findings.— Findings include thread, needles, scissors, buttons, etc.
Clothing received as gifts includes neckties, stockings, etc., received as Christmas
and birthday gifts from persons outside the economic family. It also includes
second-hand clothes given to the family.
Expense for uniforms, etc., for work are included in clothing expenditures (not
as vocational expense in table 16 nor as losses or business expense in tables 2, 5,
19, and 22).
Section II.— The figures in section II are based on data only for persons depend
ent on the family funds for 52 weeks.
Sections III through X I.— In these sections the figures are based on data only
for persons dependent on the family funds for 52 weeks. Total for each sex and
age group does not include expenditures for yard goods and findings and paid
help for sewing. These are presented only in section I for all sex-age groups
combined.
Boys: P lay suits.— Are heavy suits for children’s outdoor wear.
Men and Boys: Shoes, work.— Are shoes for heavy work, not, for example, shoes
worn to work by a white-collar employee.
Men and Boys: Shoes, other.— Includes bedroom slippers.
Men and Boys: Accessories.— Includes belts, suspenders, collar buttons, shoe
strings, etc.
Men and Boys: Other.— Includes jewelry and watches, and rental charges for
uniforms and aprons. In cases where rental and laundering charges for uniforms
and aprons could not be separated, the entire amount is entered here.
Women and Girls: Dresses, cotton, house.— Are defined as cotton dresses bought
for housework.
Women and Girls: Accessories.— Includes hairpins, hairnets, belts, sanitary belts,
dress ornaments, etc.
Women and Girls: Other.— Includes jewelry and watches, and rental charges for
uniforms and aprons. In cases where rental and laundering charges for uniforms
and aprons could not be separated the entire amount is entered here.
T able
18.— Furnishings and equipment expenditures, by economic level
For the method of entry of expenditures for items bought on the installment
plan and with trade-in allowances see page 450.
For computation of averages other than those presented in this table, for
example, “ average number of articles purchased per family purchasing” or “ aver
age expenditure per family purchasing,” calculations similar to those outlined for
table 17 can be made (see pp. 462-464).
Textile furnishings: Other.— Includes paid help for making curtains, furniture
covers, etc., yard goods used in making home furnishings.
NOTES ON TABULAR SUM M ARY
465
Miscellaneous equipment: Other.— Includes paint and lumber for repair of house
hold equipment, play pens for children, and typewriters.
Note that radios are not classed as “ Furnishings and Equipment” but as
“ Recreation,” table 15.
T ables
19 and 20.— Description of fam ilies studied at three economic levels and
expenditures for groups of items at three economic levels
(See tables 2, 3, 5, 6, 22, and 23 for same data by other classifications)
These tables are presented with families classified into three economic levels in
order to facilitate comparison with the data from other cities which will be
classified for these three levels and published in other bulletins. The greater
size of the sample in larger cities permitted a finer break-down in tables 2 and 3
than was justified by the data for the smaller samples. In tables 19 and 20 the
same data as in tables 2 and 3 are grouped into identical classifications regardless
of size of sample, as follows: Families spending under $400 per expenditure unit
per year, those spending $400 to $600, and those spending $600 and over.
T able
21.— Distribution of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 - 1 8 , by economic level and income level
T able
22.— Description of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7 - 1 8 , by income level
T able
23.— Expenditures of fam ilies of types comparable with those studied in
1 9 1 7- 1 8 for groups of items, by economic level
(See tables 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 19, and 20 for same data for all families in present study)
Since the rules for inclusion of families in the 1917-18 study differed from those
in the 1934-36 study, data for the family types in the latter study most nearly
meeting the eligibility requirements of the former study are presented in these
tables to facilitate comparison. Data for families of the following types are
included: Man, wife, and one child; man, wife, and two to four children; man,
wife, and five or more children; man, wife, and children and adults (four to six
persons); and man, wife, children, and adults (seven or more persons).
T able
24A . — Coefficients of variation of money disbursements
and
T able
24B.— Coefficients of variation of money disbursements at successive income
levels
The coefficient of variation is computed by dividing the standard deviation by
the average expenditure and multiplying by 100. The standard deviation repre
sents the square root of the mean of the squares of the differences between each
item and the arithmetic average of the items.
The purpose of the coefficient of variation is to express as a percentage the dis
persion about the average, independently of the size of that average. The varia
tion of expenditures for items of different magnitude can thus be compared
directly. For example, in dollars, expenditures for food are typically much
greater than those for personal care. Nevertheless their variation may be com
pared through a figure which expresses dispersion about the mean in relative
terms, the coefficient of variation.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
466
When families are distributed by the amount of their expenditures for various
groups of items, it is found that the curves for food and housing most nearly re
semble the normal curve, although more families are to be found above the mode
than below it. Among the other major categories of expenditure, those for fur
nishings and equipment, transportation, and medical care have a distribution far
from that of the normal curve. Many families made no expenditures or spent
very small sums for these items; a few families spent relatively large sums. Only
a small number of the families spent sums near the average expenditure; in other
words such distributions are very much skewed. Therefore, the coefficients of
variation are of value in showing the extent of the dispersion but they should not
be used to estimate the range within which a given proportion of the values from a
new sample would fall. (See Bulletin 641, notes on table 24, p. 336.)
T able
25.— Expenditures for groups of items estimated from regression equation
The figures in this table were computed by fitting a regression line to the
actual expenditure data, using the equation Y=a-\-bX?-\-cX, where X is annual
net income. The average actual expenditure of each three hundred dollar-income
group was given equal weight in fitting the curve.
Experiments were carried out with straight lines and other forms of curves and
with various systems of weighting. For personal care, medical care, household
operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration, gifts, and miscellaneous items
there appeared to be a true linear relationship. For food, clothing, housing
including fuel, light, and refrigeration, transportation, recreation, and furnishings
and equipment, the equation Y = a + b X -\-c X 2 gave a better fit than did the
equation Y = a JrbX. However, for several cases, particularly that of housing,
the curve yielded by the equation Y=a-\-bX-\-cX2 turned downward at the'higher
income levels, so that at very high income levels there appeared to be actually
a negative expenditure for housing. The equation Y —a-{-bX^-\-cX gave an
equally good fit for those expenditure items which appeared to have a definitely
linear relationship to income and also had the added merit that it gave a better fit
at higher income levels for those items for which a curvilinear relationship was
indicated.
Use of the average actual expenditure for each income group yielded practically
the same results as would have been obtained by using each individual observa
tion, and resulted in a material economy of time. Weighting by number of cases,
total expenditure, or the ratio of total expenditure to the number of cases, etc.,
materially increased the amount of work and time required for fitting, but did
not yield significantly better results.
L oca l c o n d itio n s a ffe c tin g th e d ata.
Cost of living.— Bureau of Labor Statistics indexes of changes in costs
of goods purchased by wage earners and clerical workers are available
for 6 of the 11 cities covered in this region. Taking average costs in
1923-25 as 100, the indexes applying to the period covered in these
cities are as follows: Boston, 81.6; Buffalo, 82.0; Philadelphia, 79.9;
Pittsburgh, 77.4; Portland, Maine, 85.2 and Scranton, 80.8. These
index numbers represent weighted averages applying to the entire
period covered by the schedules. They indicate that in the period
covered, prices in Pittsburgh stood at the lowest level, relative to
those that had prevailed before the depression; in Philadelphia,
Scranton, Boston and Buffalo prices ranked higher in the order named
NOTES ON TABULAR SUM M ARY
467
and highest in Portland, Maine. It must be remembered that the
base used for the index in each city is not identical, but varies with
the income and consumption habits of the workers of the city. These
indexes, therefore, can be used only to measure relative changes in
costs within a given city, not to measure differences in costs between
cities.
Employment.— In general, employment in the area was increasing
over the period covered by the investigation in the North Atlantic
region. Data on variations in employment in particular cities are not
available, but the low points in the Bureau of Labor Statistics'
indexes of employment and pay rolls in manufacturing for the United
States as a whole were reached in July 1932 and March 1933, respec
tively. This was more than one and a half years preceding the date
to which the bulk of the data for the North Atlantic cities apply.
Sales tax.— There was no general sales tax in effect during the period
of the investigation in any of the 11 cities in the North Atlantic
region.
Reliej.— Table A presents data on the number of families on relief
in each city (or county if the data for the city separately were not
available) at the month of the maximum relief load during the period
covered by the survey.
T able
A.— Number of fam ilies of 2 or more persons on relief 1 in the period covered
by the survey when relief was at a maximum
Reporting area
Number of
families
M onth with maximum relief of 2 or more
persons
load during period covered
by the survey
on relief
in that
month
Average
size of
these
families
Percentage
which
these
families
form of
families of
2 or more
persons
in 1930
W h ite fa m ilie s
Boston________ ________ _ ______
Buffalo_____
_ __ _
Cambria County (Johnstown) __ __
Lancaster County (Lancaster)
Manchester__ _____ _
Philadelphia____________ _ _____
Allegheny County (Pittsburgh)
Portland, M aine__ _________ __
Rochester______ _ _______ ___ _
Lackawanna County (Scranton)
Springfield______ _______________
February 1935______ ___ _
March 1935____ _______
M ay 1934 ______ __________
March 1934______________
M ay 1934___ ____________
M ay 1934_________________
February 1934___ _ _ _ _ _ _
October 1935_________ ___
December 1934____________
August 1934___________ ___
February 1935___________
32,100
28, 300
7, 700
5,000
1, 900
44, 500
53, 600
2, 600
14, 000
16, 300
6, 600
3.9
4.3
4.9
4. 6
4.5
4.5
4.6
4.4
3.9
4.9
4.3
20.5
22.0
19. 6
11. 2
11. 2
11.7
19. 2
16.4
18.7
25.5
19.2
27,800
12, 500
3.8
3.3
61.5
72.5
N e g r o fa m ilie s
Philadelphia________________ _____ February 1934 ____ ___ __
Allegheny County (Pittsburgh)_____ M ay 1934_________________
1 Estimates of the number of families of 2 or more persons on relief furnished by the Division of Social
Research of the Works Progress Administration.
Appendix B
Scope of the Investigation
G e o g r a p h ic area co v ered in cities in J^orth A tla n t ic r e g io n .
The families studied in the region covered in this bulletin were
confined to those living within the city limits in Buffalo, Lancaster,
Manchester, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Rochester, and Scranton. In
Boston, Johnstown, Springfield, and Portland, it was found that
such a large proportion of the industrial population lived in the area
immediately outside the city limits that the sample would not be
representative without the inclusion of families living in certain
suburbs easily accessible to the working centers of the cities in
question.1
In addition to the 11 cities studied in the North Atlantic region,
31 other cities with population over 50,000 were covered in this
investigation. Data from both native and foreign-born white families
were secured in all cities, and from Negro families in the cities indi
cated in the following lists. The results of the investigation in New
York City were published in the first volume of this bulletin, entitled
Money Disbursements of Wage Earners and Clerical Workers in
the North Atlantic Region— New York City, and in other large cities
are summarized in five bulletins, as follows:
Scope o f th e l^ a tion ^ w id e s tu d y .
North Atlantic Region, New York City (B. L. S. Bull. 637, vol. I): White and
Negro families.
East North Central Region (B. L. S. Bull. 636):
Cincinnati, Ohio (white and Negro
Grand Rapids, Mich.
families).
Indianapolis, Ind. (white and Negro
Cleveland, Ohio.
families).
Columbus, Ohio.
Lansing, Mich.
Detroit, Mich.
Milwaukee, Wis.
West North Central and Mountain Region (B. L. S. Bull. 641):
Denver, Colo.
St. Louis, Mo. (white and Negro
Kansas City, Mo. and Kansas City,
families).
Kans. (white and Negro families).
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minn.
1
The suburbs included in the Boston area were: Arlington, Cambridge, Chelsea, Everett, Malden,
Medford, Revere, and Somerville; in the Johnstown area: Dale, Ferndale, Franklin, Lorain, and W est
mont; in the Portland area: South Portland; and in the Springfield area: West Springfield and Chicopee.
469
470
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Southern Region (B. L. S. Bull. 640):
Baltimore, Md. (white and Negro
families).
Birmingham, Ala. (white and Negro
families).
Dallas, Tex.
Houston, Tex. (white other than
Mexican and Mexican families).
Jackson, Miss, (white and Negro
families).
Jacksonville, Fla.
Louisville, Ky. (white and Negro
families).
Pacific Region (B. L. S. Bull. 639):
Los Angeles, Calif, (white other
than Mexican and Mexican fami
lies) .
Sacramento, Calif.
Memphis, Tenn. (white and
families).
Mobile, Ala. (white and
families).
New Orleans, La. (white and
families).
Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va.
and Negro families).
Richmond, Va. (white and
families).
Negro
Negro
Negro
(white
Negro
San Diego, Calif.
San Francisco, Calif.
Seattle, Wash.
4.2 Cities in the United States (B. L. S. Bull. 638).
W ith the cooperation of various State authorities correlated studies
of the money disbursements of wage earners and clerical workers
have been made in the following cities under 50,000 population: (1)
In New Hampshire— Berlin, Claremont, Concord, Conway, Dover,
Keene, Laconia, Littleton, Nashua, Portsmouth; (2) in Michigan—
Marquette; (3) in California— Modesto; (4) in Nevada— Reno.
Summaries of the data secured in these smaller cities have been
published in the Monthly Labor Review for March 1936; June 1936;
and September 1937.
Early in 1936 the Bureau of Labor Statistics undertook a study
of consumer purchases which covers all income groups in 32 different
cities. Funds were alloted to the project by the Works Progress
Administration. A t the same time a coordinated study was under
taken by the Bureau of Home Economics in 66 farm counties, in 140
villages, and in 19 small cities. Both of these investigations were
made in cooperation with the National Resources Committee and
the Central Statistical Board.
The cities covered in the coordinated studies of consumer purchases
are as follows:
SCOPE OF THE INVESTIGATION
471
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Aberdeen-Hoquiam,
Wash.
Albany, Ga.
Atlanta, Ga.
Beaver Falls, Pa.
Bellingham, Wash.
Billings, Mont.
Butte, Mont.
Chicago, 111.
Columbia, S. C.
Columbus, Ohio
Connellsville, Pa.
Denver, Colo.
Dubuque, Iowa
Everett, Wash.
Gastonia, N. C.
Haverhill, Mass.
Logansport, Ind.
Mattoon, 111.
Mobile, Ala.
Muncie, Ind.
New Britain, Conn.
New Castle, Pa.
New York, N. Y.
Omaha, Nebr.-Council
Bluffs, Iowa
Peru, Ind.
Portland, Oreg.
Providence, R. I.
Pueblo, Colo.
Springfield, 111.
Springfield, Mo.
Wallingford, Conn.
Willimantic, Conn.
BUREAU OF HOME ECONOMICS
Greenfield, Mass.
Griffin, Ga.
Klamath Falls, Oreg.
Lincoln, 111.
Logan, Utah
Mount Vernon, Ohio
Astoria, Oreg.
Beaver Dam, Wis.
Boone, Iowa
Columbia, Mo.
Dodge City, Kans.
Eugene, Oreg.
Greeley, Colo.
53959°— 39-
-31
Moberly, Mo.
New Philadelphia, Ohio
Olympia, Wash.
Provo, Utah
Sumter, S. C.
Westbrook, Maine
Appendix C
Period Covered by the Study
Table B shows the time period to which the schedules collected in
this region apply.
In Manchester, all of the data collected apply to the schedule
year ending August 1934. In Johnstown, Lancaster, Pittsburgh, and
Scranton, all of the data apply to the year ending November 1934,
while 88 percent of the data in Philadelphia applies to that year.
In
Boston and in Springfield, all of the data are for the year ending
February 1935, and 92 percent of the figures for Rochester are for
the same period. All of the data in the schedules collected in Port
land and 88 percent of the data for Buffalo pertain to the year ending
February 1936.
T able
B .— Period to which data in schedules for cities in the North Atlantic region
apply
Number of schedules covering the schedule year of—
City, color of sample, and period
to which data on schedules apply
Total
Sept. 1.
1933, to
Aug. 31,
1934
Dec. 1,
1933, to
Nov. 30,
1934
Mar. 1,
1934, to
Feb. 28,
1935
June 1,
1934, to
M ay 31,
1935
Mar. 1,
1935, to
Feb. 29,
1936
June 1,
1935, to
M ay 31,
1936
B o s t o n {w h ite fa m ilies)
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Mar. 1, 1934 to M ay 31, 1934._
June 1, 1934 to Aug. 31, 1934__
Sept. 1,1934 to Nov. 30,1934..
Dec. 1, 1934 to Feb. 28, 1935. _
516
516
516
516
516
516
516
516
516
B u f f a l o {w h ite fa m ilie s)
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Mar. 1, 1935, to M ay 31, 1935.
June 1, 1935, to Aug. 31, 1935 _
Sept. 1, 1935 to Nov. 30, 1935..
Dec. 1, 1935, to Feb. 29, 1936. _
Mar. 1, 1936, to M ay 31, 1936.
450
243
243
243
243
243
450
450
450
207
J o h n s to w n {w h ite fa m ilie s)
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934 _
Mar. 1, 1934, to M ay 31, 1934.
June 1, 1934, to Aug. 31, 1934 _
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 30, 1934..
153
153
153
153
153
153
153
153
153
L a n ca ste r {w h ite fa m ilie s)
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934 .
Mar. 1, 1934, to M ay 31, 1934.
June 1, 1934, to Aug. 31, 1934 _
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 30,1934. _
151
151
151
151
151
151
151
151
151
M a n c h e s t e r {w h ite fa m ilie s)
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Sept. 1,1933, to Nov. 30,1933. _
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934 _
Mar. 1, 1934, to M ay 31, 1934_
June 1, 1934, to Aug. 31, 1934.
146
146
146
146
146
146
146
146
146
473
201
201
201
201
474
T able
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
B .— Period to which data in schedules for cities in the North Atlantic region
apply— Continued
Number of schedules covering the schedule year of—
City, color of sample, and period
to which data on schedules apply
P h ila d elph ia
Total
Sept. 1,
1933, to
Aug. 31,
1934
Dec. 1,
1933, to
Nov. 30,
1934
Mar. 1,
1934, to
Feb. 28,
1935
June 1,
1934, to
M ay 31,
1935
Mar. 1,
1935, to
Feb. 29,
1936
June 1,
1935, to
M ay 31,
1936
0w h ite fa m ilie s )
Schedule year------------------Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934
Mar. 1,1933, to M ay 31,1934._
June 1, 1934, to Aug. 31,1934,_
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 3 0 ,1934__
Dec. 1, 1934, to Feb. 2 8 ,1935__
Mar. 1,1935, to M ay 3 1 ,1935__
270
493
498
498
228
5
270
270
270
270
58
58
58
58
58
223
223
223
223
5
5
5
5
P h ila d elp h ia {N e g r o fa m ilie s )
Schedule year_______________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1,1933, to Feb. 28,1934..
Mar. 1,1934, to M ay 3 1 ,1934_
June 1,1934, to Aug. 31, 1934_
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 30,1934._
Dec. 1, 1934, to Feb. 2 8 ,1935__
101
101
101
43
43
43
43
43
P itts b u r g h {w h ite fa m ilie s )
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 2 8 ,1934_
Mar. 1,1934, to M ay 3 1 ,1934_
June 1,1934, to Aug. 3 1 ,1934_
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 3 0 ,1934_
346
346
346
346
346
346
346
346
P ittsb u r g h {N e g r o fa m ilie s )
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934.
Mar. 1, 1934, to M ay 31,1934.
June 1,1934, to Aug. 31,1934.
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 31,1934.
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
P o rtla n d {w h ite fa m ilie s )
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Mar. 1,1935, to M ay 31, 1935.
June 1,1935, to Aug. 31,1935.
Sept. 1,1935, to Nov. 30,1935.
Dec. 1, 1935, to Feb. 29, 1936.
153
153
153
153
153
153
153
153
R o ch ester {w h ite fa m ilie s )
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934Mar. 1, 1934, to M ay 31, 1934.
June 1, 1934, to Aug. 31, 1934..
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 30,1934..
Dec. 1,1934, to Feb. 28, 1935..
301
92
301
301
301
209
92
92
92
92
209
209
209
209
S cr a n to n {w h ite fa m ilie s)
Schedule year_________________
Schedule quarter:
Dec. 1, 1933, to Feb. 28, 1934._
Mar. 1,1934, to M ay 31,1934._
June 1,1934, to Aug. 31,1934._
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 30,1934. _
231
231
231
231
231
231
231
231
231
S p r in g field {w h ite fa m ilie s )
Schedule year_______ _______
Schedule quarter:
Mar. 1, 1934, to M ay 31, 1934.
June 1,1934, to Aug. 31,1934. _
Sept. 1,1934, to Nov. 30,1934..
Dec. 1,1934, to Feb. 28, 1935..
248
248
248
248
248
248
248
248
248
I
Appendix D
Selection of Families to be Interviewed
T h e m eth o d o f ch oosin g th e sa m ple.
The method to be used in choosing the sample to be included in a
study of the families of employed wage earners and clerical workers
presents a serious problem in the absence of a recent census giving for
every family, at each address, the occupation of all the earners in the
family, and the relief status of the family in the last year. Since no
census data were available for use in this investigation, it was decided
to use employers’ current lists of employees as the basis for sampling
in all the cities where the study was carried on. The methods used
differed from city to city only insofar as the available data on the
names and addresses of employers, and the number of their employees
differed from city to city.
In order to provide for an adequate representation of establishments
of all types the number of employees in an organization was taken
into account in drawing the sample. Wherever possible a complete
list of the employers within the city area with the number of their
employees was secured, including industrial establishments, banks,
insurance companies, wholesale and retail distributors, hotels and
restaurants, transportation companies, public utilities, Federal,
State, county, and city governments. The names of the employers
with the numbers of their employees were arranged by industry, and
the numbers of employees were added in such a way as to secure
cumulative totals.
In cities where it was possible to obtain complete lists of employers,
the grand total of employees was divided by the number of families
planned for the survey in the given city, to obtain a sampling ratio.
This ratio was applied to the cumulative totals of employees on the
employer list (beginning with a number chosen at random) to secure
a new list of employer names, selected at random, and the number of
sample employee names to be drawn from the personnel lists of each
selected employer. In cities where complete lists of employers were
not available, separate sampling ratios were derived for each industrial
or trade group, following the same procedure for each group as out
lined above for the city as a whole. This procedure was adopted to
475
476
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
prevent underrepresentation of a given industry or trade group due to
the fact that its list of employers was incomplete, and permitted a
reasonable distribution of the sample among the various lines of
business on the basis of 1930 census data adjusted to take account
of known changes in business conditions since 1930.
Since the employer lists did not give the information necessary to
determine whether employees were members of families, whether their
families had been on relief during the past year, and what was the
amount of the family income, at least five names listed directly after
the name of the “ sample employee” were drawn, to provide for sub
stitutes in case the first employee whose name was drawn had no
family or his family was not eligible for the sample. (See p. 480 for
rules for determining eligibility.) If the name of the “ sample”
employee to be chosen from a given employer’s list was drawn too
near to the end of the list to secure the five or more substitute names
in the usual way, the quota of substitutes was completed by taking
the names at the beginning of the list of employees in the same
establishment.
The necessity for having a file of substitute names made it seem
advisable to limit the sampling to employers of five or more workers in
the smaller cities and 10 or more in the larger cities, since the time and
funds available for drawing the sample were limited, and visiting
employers for the purpose of drawing sample names was a very
time-consuming process.
The method of drawing the sample employees may be illustrated by
the procedure followed in Pittsburgh. A substantially complete list
of the firms employing five or more persons was secured from the
Pittsburgh Chamber of Commerce, the Association of Retailers of
Allegheny County, the Western Pennsylvania List of National Re
covery Administration Code Signers, the Pennsylvania Federal-State
Employment Office, Pennsylvania State Department of Labor and
Industry, and the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. The
number of employees covered by this composite list approximated
200,000. The names of the employers were sorted into industrial and
trade groups and then arranged alphabetically within those groups.
The number of employees in each of these firms was cumulated.
Dividing the total number of employees by 450, the number of
schedules desired for Pittsburgh, the sampling ratio of 1:444 was
obtained. Slips reading from 1 to 444 were placed in a receptacle and
the first number drawn proved to be 178. The first employee’s name
was chosen by adding down the cumulative total of employees to 178.
SELECTION OF FAMILIES TO BE INTERVIEWED
477
Thereafter the other firms from whose personnel lists the sample
employees were to be drawn were selected because they were the
employers of workers Nos. 622, 1066, 1510, and so on down the cumula
tive list of employees.
The position of the first name to be drawn from the employee list of
a selected firm was determined by the numbers picked in applying the
sampling ratio. Thus if it chanced that employees 1066 and 1510
were employed by the same firm, and a total of 984 employees had
been employed by firms ahead of this firm X on the employer list,
employee 1066 would be the one hundred and eighty-second employee
on the pay roll or personnel list of firm X and employee 1510 would be
the six hundred and twenty-sixth employee of firm X .
With the exception of Philadelphia, the method of sampling in the
other Pennsylvania cities studied was identical with that used in
Pittsburgh. In Johnstown, a complete list of employers was secured
from the local chamber of commerce which had made an extensive
survey of employers in the Johnstown metropolitan area just prior to
the beginning of field work for the present investigation. The Penn
sylvania State Department of Labor and Industry and local groups
familiar with the industrial situation in Lancaster furnished the data
on employers and the number of their employees in that city. Three
hundred and twenty employers and 16,344 employees were represented
on the final list. Since 150 schedules were planned for Lancaster, the
sampling ratio was 1:109.
The names of employers in Scranton were secured from the local
chamber of commerce and the directors of the social survey in Harris
burg. From the total of 40,627 workers represented, the sample
employees were chosen on the basis of a sampling ratio of 1:160.
The Manchester and Rochester samples were also chosen in the
manner described above. Information as to the employers in M an
chester was obtained from the New Hampshire State Department of
Labor, the chamber of commerce, and the city directory. As the final
list was practically 100 percent complete for each of the industrial
groups, a single sampling ratio was applied to the entire list of em
ployees. In Rochester, the list of firms reporting to the New York
State Department of Labor, when checked against and supplemented
by data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, yielded complete coverage
of employers in that city. The 56,700 employees were then sampled
by a ratio of 1:189.
478
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
In Philadelphia,1 there was no one complete file of employers. The
composite list compiled from Pennsylvania State Department of Labor,
the Industrial Directory of 1933, the Retail Census of 1933, the Whole
sale Census of 1933, the office of the city comptroller and the Bureau
of Labor Statistics did not provide 100 percent representation for
each of the industrial groups. A total of 354,338 employees were
represented by the composite list. To offset differences in the com
pleteness of the employer lists in given types of employment, separate
sampling ratios were used for different industry and trade groups.2
It is believed that this procedure provided a sample as nearly as pos
sible like that which would have been secured if complete employer
lists had been available and a single sampling ratio had been used.
In Boston,3 the Massachusetts State Department of Labor fur
nished a relatively complete list of firms employing 10 persons or
more. In addition to this list, information was secured by personal
interview for the telephone company as to the number of employees
and from the city hall as to the number of municipal and county
employees. The total number of employees covered by these lists
was 95,200. Separate sampling ratios were computed for the various
1 The following persons constituted an informal advisory committee for the purpose of assisting the Bureau
in solving problems connected with the selection of the sample:
Miss Sadye Adelson, Jewish Welfare Society.
Prof. C. C. Balderstoh, University of Pennsylvania.
Prof. J. Parker Bursk, University of Pennsylvania.
Dr. Ewan Clague, Pennsylvania School of Social Work.
Dr. Eleanor Lansing Dulles, University of Pennsylvania.
John Edelman, Amalgamated Hosiery Workers Union.
Roger F. Evans, Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce.
Wayne Hopkins, Armstrong Association.
Dr. Gladys Palmer, University of Pennsylvania.
M iss S. Saffian, Jewish Welfare Society.
Dr. C. A. Sienkiewicz, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
2Separate sampling ratios were computed for each of the following groups in Philadelphia:
Employm ent group
Manufacturing________ ___ ___ _____________________________________
Wholesale and retail tr a d e ____ _ _ _________ ______ ________________
Transportation and communication___ ___________ _ ______________
Building trades___ ___ __________ ____ ________ _________________
Hotels, restaurants, boarding houses, etc___ __________ ___ ____ _
_
Banking, insurance, and real estate ______ _
____________ _____ _ __
Public employm ent________ __ ______
_ ______ ___ ____
_ __
Garages, automobile filling stations__ ___ ___________ ______ _ _ _ __
Laundries, cleaning, dyeing, and pressin g.____ _________
___ ___ _
Sampling
ratio
1:845
1:479
1:642
1:80
1:312
1:674
1:1330
1:303
1:885
Percentage
of total
sample
50
17
10
8
5
4
3
1.5
1.5
3
The following persons constituted an informal advisory committee for the purpose of assisting the Bureau
in solving problems connected with the selection of the sample:
Elliott Boardman, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
Theodore Brown, Harvard University, School of Business.
M ary A. Clapp, Research Bureau, Boston Council of Social Agencies.
W. L. Crum, Harvard University, Department of Economics and School of Business.
Elizabeth Gilboy, Harvard University, Economic Research Committee.
Rosewell F. Phelps, Director of Statistics, Massachusetts Department of Labor and Industries.
Sumner H. Slichter, Harvard University, Department of Economics.
SELECTION OF FAMILIES TO BE INTERVIEWED
479
business groups4 in a manner similar to the procedure in Philadelphia.
As in Boston, no one complete list of employers in Springfield was
available. A composite list was built up from the records of the
Massachusetts State Department of Labor, the Springfield Chamber
of Commerce, and local National Recovery Administration code
authorities. The total number of employees represented on the
combined list was 36,561. Sampling ratios 6 were computed for the
principal business groups on the basis of 1930 census data with adjust
ments for shifts in lines of employment from 1930 to the date of
sampling.
Separate sampling ratios for the principal business groups were also
computed for the Buffalo 6 and Portland samples. The industrial
checking bureau of the chamber of commerce and trade associations
in Buffalo and the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics were
sources from which the final list of employers in Buffalo was compiled.
The list represented 127,802 employees. As in the other cities in this
region the ratio was highest for the building trades industry, i. e.,
1:49. Employment in this industry had fallen to such low levels
that a high sampling ratio was necessary to obtain any representations
in the sample for this group. The lowest ratio was 1:352 for manu* Sampling
ratios were computed for each of the following groups in Boston:
Employment group
Manufacturing___ ______ ___ ___ ______ ___ ______ ___ _ __ __ _
Wholesale and retail tr a d e .___ _ __ _ _ . . . _____________ ___ _____
Transportation and communication_________. . . ______ _____ _____ _
Hotels, restaurants, boarding houses, etc _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _
Public employment (Government) _ _______ _____ _
__ __ __
Banking, insurance, real estate, a d v ertisin g .._____ __ ________ ___
Building trades_____ ___________ . . . . ______ ____ _
_________ ___
Garages, automobile filling stations__ ________ ___ ___ ____ _ ___ _
Laundries, dry cleaning, pressing . . . __ ____ . . . __ ___
__ _
Recreation and amusements. __ _____ ________ ___ _____ ______ ____ _
Other domestic and personal service (not in private h o m es)____ ___ _ _
Sampling
ratio
Percentage
of total
sample
1:155
1:257
1:227
1:182
1:190
1:149
1:42
1:230
1:219
1:231
1:226
34
22
15
7
6
5
5
1.5
1. 5
1.5
1.5
s Separate sampling ratios were computed for each of the following groups in Springfield:
Employment group
Manufacturing________
_ _ _____ . . . _ ______ . . . __ ___
Wholesale and retail trade_____ __ . ._ ______ ._ _. _______ _ ._ _
Transportation and com m unication.._ _________ _______ _ _ __ _
Building trades____________ _ _ __
_____ _ ______ __________
Public employment (Government). .. _. _ ___
__________ ____
Banks, insurance, real estate, advertising ______
____ . ____
Hotels, restaurants________ _____________ __________
_ __ _
Garages, automobile filling stations. __________
_____
. _______
Laundries, dry cleaning and pressing-------------------------------Recreation and amusement-------------------------------------------------
Sampling
ratio
1:183
1:78
1:106
1:13
1:390
1:74
1:98
1:86
1:100
1:91
Percentage
of total
sample
51
18
8
5
5
5
4
3
1
1
« The following persons constituted an informal advisory committee for the purpose of assisting the Bureau
in solving problems connected with the selection of the sample in Buffalo:
Miss Sara Kerr, Buffalo Foundation.
Professors Carpenter and McGary, University of Buffalo.
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
480
facturing for which the employer list was most complete. In Port
land, the State department of labor and industry, the chamber of
commerce, and National Recovery Administration furnished lists of
employers. For this city the composite list covered 16,664 employees.
Sample employees were chosen by ratios ranging from 1:72 for the
building trade to 1:119 for garages.7
In Philadelphia and Pittsburgh where samples of Negro families as
well as white were desired, the names of Negro employees, drawn in the
course of the regular procedure for selection of sample, were visited.
Since there was greater unemployment among Negro workers, this
original sampling did not yield a sufficient number of Negro names.
In order to secure additional names and to preserve the randomness of
the sample and the correct industrial proportions, it was necessary in
some cases to use substitute cards of names which proved to be those
of Negroes drawn in the original sampling, in others to secure from
employers already visited the names of all their Negro workers or to
visit employers known by persons familiar with local labor situations
to employ large numbers of Negroes.
R u le s f o r d e te r m in in g elig ib ility o f fa m ilie s .
After the sample names had been drawn in the manner outlined
above, field agents were sent to visit the families of all the employees
whose names were the first drawn for each number ascertained by
application of the sampling ratios. A schedule was obtained from
that family if it was willing and able to furnish the information and
met the requirements specified below. If the family failed to meet
any of the following specifications, or was for some reason unwilling
to give the information, the family of the employee whose name had
occurred immediately next on the list of the same employer was
visited. If the family of the second employee proved ineligible, the
third was visited, and so on.
7 Separate sampling ratios were computed for each of the following groups:
Buffalo
Employment group
Manufacturing. _______ ______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Trade______________________ _________________
Transportation and com m unication___ _
__
Public service------------------------------------Banking, insurance, real estate, advertising____
Building trades__ _____ ___. _________ _ _
Hotels, restaurants _ _ _ _ _ ___ _
__ _____
Garages, automobile filling stations_____________
Laundries, dry cleaning and pressing__________
Other personal and domestic service (not in pri
vate homes)____ ___ .__ __ __ _ ____ __ ___
Portland
Sampling
ratio
Percentage
of total
sample
Sampling
ratio
Percentage
of total
sample
i 1:352
1:288
1:211
1:292
1:315
1:49
1:277
i 30.0
20.0
13.0
9.0
3.0
5.0
3.0
1:225
2.0
1:117
1:126
1:84
1:112
1:108
1:72
1:111
1:119
1:110
24.7
29.3
16.7
8.0
6.0
3.3
4.7
3.3
2.7
1:182
2.0
1:109
1.3
i Iron and steel manufacturing had a separate sampling ratio of 290 and represented 13 percent
of the schedules.
SELECTION OE FAMILIES TO BE INTERVIEWED
481
1. Contact through chief earner.— When families are selected by
names of individuals from lists of employees, multiple-earner families
would be overrepresented unless some measure was taken to prevent
it. A family with three earners on the lists of employees would have
approximately three chances 8 to be drawn in the sample as against
one chance for the family with one earner. Since families with sev
eral earners are more likely to have higher incomes and less likely to
have young children than are families with only one earner, such over
exposure would have impaired the representativeness of the sample.
In order to prevent such overrepresentation in the cities studied
in the North Atlantic region, two methods were employed, either of
which reduced to equality the chance of each family to be included in
the final sample. In Buffalo and Portland, schedules were secured only
from families in which the name of the employee drawn from the lists of
employees was the name of the chief earner in the family, i. e., member
earning the largest amount of money during the year. If a visit to the
family disclosed that a name of a member other than that of the chief
earner had been drawn, the family was not scheduled. Since a family
can have only one chief earner, this procedure effectively equalized the
chances of inclusion in the sample for all families. By this method
the number of families with more than one earner in the sample was
kept to a number proportionate to the number of multiple-earner
families in the entire wage-earner and lower-salaried clerical group.
In Boston, Johnstown, Lancaster, Manchester, Philadelphia, Pitts
burgh, Rochester, Scranton, and Springfield, the alternative pro
cedure was used: a family was scheduled regardless of whether the
name drawn from the employee list was that of the chief earner and an
adjustment was made in the course of tabulation of the data to correct
for this possible overrepresentation.9
2. Occupation of chief earner.— In each family included in the survey,
the chief earner is either a wage earner or a lower-salaried clerical
worker. The classification of occupations according to economic
groups presented by A. M . Edwards 1 in an article based on census
0
data was used in determining whether a person of given occupation
should be considered a wage earner or a clerical worker. An exception
was made in that the chief earner might not be a foreman, overseer,
or domestic servant in private families, although these occupations
are treated as wage earners in the Edwards classification. As the
study progressed, the need for a more detailed classification of jobs
became urgent. When the Works Progress Administration issued a
manual, giving more detailed specifications adapted from definitions
8 See appendix Q, p. 517, footnote 8.
9 See appendix G, pp. 516-522.
10 A Socio-Economic Grouping of the Gainful Workers in the United States.
Statistical Association, 1933, vol. 28, pp. 377-387.
Journal of the American
482
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
of the census of 1930, the new classifications 1 were employed to
1
assist in the problem of determining whether a specific type of work
should properly be treated as part of the occupational group being
covered by this investigation. The investigation included families of
chief earners in the groups classified as office workers, salesmen, and
kindred workers; skilled and semiskilled workers in building and
construction; skilled and semiskilled workers in manufacturing and
other industries; and unskilled laborers and domestic and personal
service workers (except in private families). In a few instances where
the chief earner was found to have pursued two occupations during
the year prior to the visit of the field investigator, one an occupation
classified as wage earner or clerical, and the other as a profession or
as the proprietor of owned business, it was ruled that the family was
to be included in the study unless the earnings from the profession
exceeded the earnings from the wage-earner or clerical occupation, or
unless the income from the owned business was more than one-half
the earnings from the wage-earner or clerical occupation, or the
expenses of the business could not be separated from the family
expenses.
3. Earnings of chief earner.— No family in which the chief earner
had not earned at least $300 during the schedule year was included.
The family of a chief earner classified as a clerical worker, who earned
$2,000 or over during the schedule year, or $200 or over during any
one month, was excluded. No upper limit was placed on the earnings
of wage earners, nor on total earnings of all members of the family
combined, i. e., on family income as such.
4. Occupation and income oj subsidiary earners.— No restriction
was placed upon the occupation of subsidiary earners with one ex
ception noted below. A family in which there was a subsidiary earner
who was, for example, a professional worker or domestic servant in a
private home was included provided the annual earnings of this worker
were less than those of the chief earner. Families were excluded if a
subsidiary earner was in business for himself and his business income
and expenditure were so intermingled with the family’s that it was
impossible to separate them (as for example, a family where the wife
carried on a small hairdressing business in or adjacent to the family’s
living quarters and used for the business, gas and electricity recorded
on the same meters as those recording the gas and electricity used for
the operation of the household). Families in which a subsidiary
earner was in business for himself were included if the business income
and expenditure could be separated from that of the family and the
net income from the owned business was less than half of the chief
earner’s earnings.
11
Works Progress Administration Circ. No. 2: Occupational classification and code, July 1935; and Works
progress Administration Circ. No. 2A: Index of occupations (alphabetical arrangement), occupational
glassification and code, September 1935.
SELECTION OF FAMILIES TO BE INTERVIEWED
483
If a subsidiary earner was a clerical worker and earned over $2,000
during the schedule year or over $200 during any one month, the fam
ily was ineligible for inclusion in the sample.
5. Employment minimum.— In order to avoid the distortion of
spending which results from prolonged unemployment and unantici
pated curtailment of employment the study was limited to employed
wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers. Figures as to the
number of days of employment characteristic of wage earners and
clerical workers not being available, it was necessary to set limits below
which a worker could not be regarded as having been employed for
the schedule year. Only those families were included in which one
wage earner or lower-salaried clerical worker within the economic
family had worked a minimum of 1,008 hours spread over a minimum
of 36 weeks during the year. (This minimum was chosen to represent
an average employment of 3% days of 8 hours in each of 36 weeks.)
Families in which the chief earner was employed in distinctly seasonal
industries as clothing manufacturing and building were scheduled if
the chief earner had employment for as much as 28 hours in each of
30 weeks. These minima, however, are not to be regarded as criteria
representing adequate employment.
6. Definition of family.— The Study was limited to private economic
families of two or more persons sharing their incomes and living
together, sharing the same table, eating not less than two meals a
day prepared at home for at least 11 months. In addition families
whose situation during the year just previous to the visit of the
Bureau’s investigator was difficult or impossible to analyze on a
statistical basis were excluded from the survey. Specific reasons for
such exclusion were as follows:
(a) The homemaker worked away from home both day and night
for more than 78 days in the year.
(b) Families boarding for more than 1 month.
(c) Presence of more than the equivalent of two boarders and/or
lodgers, i. e., more than 104 boarder and/or lodger weeks (not includ
ing related persons giving complete records of their incomes and
expenditures).
(d) Families having guests for more than the equivalent of 26 guest
weeks.1
2
(e) Families having another family or two unrelated dependent
persons over 21 years of age living with it and completely dependent
on it (unless the dependents were parents of the homemaker, husband,
or chief earner).
12
Guests were defined as persons not entirely dependent on the family funds who received board and
lodging from the family without money payment but from whom it was impossible to secure data on income
and expenditures.
484
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7. Families not on relief.— No families who received direct relief or
work relief during the schedule year were included.
8. Family income.— (a) No family was included which had an
annual family income less than $500 during the schedule year.
(b) No upper limit was placed upon family income as such but no
families were included who received more than one-fourth of their
incomes from interest, dividends, royalties, speculative gains, or rents
(not including net receipts from boarders and lodgers).
(c) No family which received income from an owned business equal
to more than half of the chief earner’s earnings was scheduled.
((d) No family which received gifts or income in kind of a value
equal to a fourth of its total money income was scheduled.
(e) No family which received rent in payment for services was
scheduled.
(f) No family which received 3 months or more free rent was
scheduled.
9. Residence.— Families must have resided in the area of the
investigation for 9 months or more.
Appendix E
Nativity of the Homemakers in the Families Studied
In all but two of the cities covered by the present report, data on
the national background of the cooperating homemakers show a
larger proportion of the native-born than appears among married
women 15 years of age and over as shown by the census of 1930. In
Lancaster and Springfield the percentage of cooperating homemakers
reporting that they were born in the United States was 93.3 and 61.3,
respectively. The census of 1930 shows the proportions for married
women 15 years of age and over born in the United States and living
in these two cities to have been 93.6 and 65.7 percent. In the other
nine cities the corresponding proportions are as follows: Boston, 61.2
and 49.2 percent; Buffalo, 78.9 and 68.7 percent; Johnstown, 84.9 and
75.8 percent; Manchester, 56.2 and 52.7 percent; Philadelphia, 70.3
and 66.0 percent; Pittsburgh, 80.9 and 72.1 percent; Portland, 78.5
and 74.4 percent; Rochester, 76.7 and 65.6 percent; Scranton, 78.3
and 70.8 percent.
There is a fairly close correspondence between the distribution of
the foreign-born homemakers included in the survey by country of
birth, and the similar distribution of homemakers 15 years of age and
over shown by the census of 1930. In 5 of the 11 cities the women of
Italy predominate in the figures for the city as a whole as shown by the
census and among the foreign-born homemakers supplying data for
the present investigation.
In Buffalo, Johnstown, and Scranton,
Polish families were the most frequently reported among those from
foreign countries. In Boston women from Ireland, and in Lancaster
women from Germany ranked first among the women not born in the
United States. The countries of birth next most frequently reported
were Italy, Poland, Germany, and Ireland. In Manchester the census
of 1930 showed that women from Canada, of French extraction, con
stituted over a fifth among the foreign-born white married women 15
years of age and over, and about the same proportion holds for the
sample studied in the present investigation.
In part the smaller proportion of the foreign-born among the fami
lies covered by the present survey is due to the fact that the various
causes restricting immigration in the period since 1914 have resulted
in progressively reducing the proportion of foreign-born in our entire
population year by year. In addition, other studies have shown that
485
486
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
the incomes of the foreign-born are on the average lower than those
of the native-born and that a larger proportion of the foreign-born
have been on relief during the depression. Both of these situations
are due to the relative difficulties of economic adjustment of immi
grants, as compared with native-born families. These factors may
have operated in placing a larger proportion of foreign-born than of
native-born families below the lower limits of the group covered by
the present study. (See pp. 482-484 for the limits set by the in
vestigation.)
Further, the fact that some of the homemakers in the foreign-born
families speak English with difficulty may have operated in reducing
the number of schedules successfully completed by families of the
foreign-born. In every city, however, in which there was a significant
proportion of families of a given nativity, field agents able to speak
those languages were added to the staff. Thus in Philadelphia where
there are important Italian districts there were agents who spoke
Italian; in Johnstown there was one who spoke Italian and one who
spoke Polish and several other languages. In Boston, Italian and
Polish speaking agents were employed and in Manchester several of
the agents spoke the French-Canadian dialect. In Buffalo, several
agents were able to speak Polish and other languages, Polish groups
being particularly numerous in that city. In Rochester, two Italian
speaking and one Polish and other Slavic language speaking agents
were members of the staff and no schedules were lost because of
language difficulty. Occasionally husbands or neighbors or school
children were called on to assist a foreign-born homemaker who spoke
English with difficulty or not at all, but these cases were rare inasmuch
as it was generally more satisfactory to send a foreign-speaking agent.
In general, the northern and western European immigrants, origi
nally speaking such languages as German, Scandinavian, Dutch, or
Irish, came to this country before the war and practically all of them
now speak English. The need for foreign-speaking agents was found
principally in order to converse with the immigrants from Italy,
Poland, and southeastern Europe, who had come more recently and
who m many cases still lived in sections of the cities where their native
tongue was predominately or frequently spoken.
The homemakers in all the Negro families studied in Philadelphia
reported that they had been born in the United States, while one
Negro homemaker in Pittsburgh was born outside the United States.
Negro field agents were employed in these cities.
Appendix F
Field Procedure
I n te r v ie w m eth o d o f se c u r in g data.
The original data for this report came from families who estimated
and calculated their various expenditures, with the help of special
forms interpreted by trained field workers. The investigators were
provided with a schedule which called for the entry of data on income
and outgo in considerable detail, partly because the details themselves
are of value and partly because it is easier for informants to remember
the individual items of their family transactions than it is to provide
the investigator with summary figures. This method was used rather
than asking the families to keep records of disbursements at the time
disbursements were made, because the procedure followed makes
possible the inclusion of many families who would have been unwilling
or unable to keep regular household accounts. (For facsimile of
schedule used, see fig. B.)
No schedule was accepted for summarization in the present study
unless the figures on total money receipts and total money disburse
ments agreed at least within 5 percent of the larger figure. It is not to
be hoped that all the figures in each schedule were accurate to that
extent, but there is no reason to suppose any persistent bias in the
estimates has appeared in the course of the survey.
487
53959°
-39-
-32
488
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, BUREAU O F LABOR STA TISTIC S, W ASHINGTON
Agent---------------------------------------
Schedule No....................
D ate __________________________
In form a tion req u eeted it confidential and g itin g it it voluntary.
I t will b e t e e n o n ly b y sw orn em p lo y eet o f t h e Federal G overnm ent
FAMILY DISBURSEMENTS OF WAGE EARNERS AND SALARIED WORKERS
8tate .--------------------------City.-------------------------- Address................................... Nativity of homemaker........................................ Color.
Quarter ending—
Year ending............
School Weeks
la
•Bex ACS trado house
Members of
household
hold
jSeted
November 30
Occupation
Industry
Time
Bate
of pay Earnings
February 28
Time
May 31
Time
Rate
of pay Earnings
August 31
Time Rate
Rate
of pay Earnings ployed of pay Earning.
«. ...................
d .....................
*. ___________
/. ...................
g ......................
A.....................
4.
j.
___________
...................
*. ...................
Quarter ending—
FAMILY RECEIPTS
November February
28
3
0
May 31
Yestrending
I. F a m ily earnings_________ _ _________
_
I. H ousing
I I . R e n t fro m boarders a n d /o r lodvers
I I. H ousehold onerntion
I I I . F ood
IV . O lothing . ...
Furnishings ant^fl/iuirtTupnt
I I I . O th er r ents /n e t!_
I V . Interest a n d d iv id en d s............................
v.
V . Pensions an d insurance a n n u itie s ________
V I. G ifts___
V I. Transportation,
V II . R ecreation.
V II . O th er m o n e v in co m e fsD ecifv)_____
V I I I ................
V I I I . Personal care
IX .
X.
I X . M edical care
X . Fdneatinn
T o t a l m o n e v in eom e
X I . N e t chan ge assets a n d liabilities in . 18).
X II.
X I . C om m u n ity welfare...
X I I . V ocatic
T o ta l m o n e v recein ts
X I I I . G ifts a n d contribu tion s . _____________________
XTV. O ther fam ilv exnenditures
______ _
Anna re n t excess o f disbursem ents
A pparen t excess o f receipts ...
Percentage difference
FAMILY DISBURSEMENTS
August 31
XV.
. . .
T o ta l exnenditures.
_
X V I . N et chancre assets an d liabilities
X V II.
( 1)
T o ta l disburse
..
fo .
______
. . .
18)..._______________
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Figure B.—Schedule facsimile
B .I ~ 8 .8 0 7
LANGUAGES SPOKEN
This family
Type: 1-family (a) detached_______ (6) semidetached________ (c) row..
(d) 2-family_______ (e) multiple________
Elevator: (a) y e s _______ (6) n o ---------
German________
Material: (a) brick-------- (6) frame_____ ___ (c) other (specify)_____
Italian____
Number In dwelling
Home-maker’s parents
Husband's paronti
____
E n g lis h
_____
___' _______
Polish.___ .
_______ ___
(a) Principal rooms------
Yiddish--
(5) Kitchen, kitchenette...
Other (specify)-------------
----------FAMILY EXPENDITURES: I. HOUSING
(c) Dinette____________
Expenditure! for quarter ending—
(d) Bath_______________
1. RENTERS___ months.
(e) Enclosed porch............ ...............
. Sink (o) y e s _______ (b) n o ...............
. Monthly rental rate_______
. Toilet (a) inside_______ (6) outside ..
.. (d) other (spec-
... (c) flush ..
_______ i f y )_______ sole use (e) yes ...
- (f) n o ......
. Rental concession_________
. Total rent_______________
Included in rent
. Repairs by tenant..
Water (a) inside_______ (b) outside--------- (c) running-----
Y ._ ..
Heating of running water (o) y e s ..............(6) n o _____________
Y ___ .... N ______
Heat (a) hot a ir_______ ( b) hot water or steam ________
Y ___ „
__
N ______
N ______
fy) --------------------------------12. Kitchen fuel (a) electric-------- (6) gas
Y ___ . . . N_____
Y
(specify)---------
. Paid on principal in current
February 28
M ay 31
August 31
year $-----------
.... N ____
. Improvements in year $_____
... (c) other
(specify).................... ..............................
13. Refrigerator (a) electric-------- (6) gas..
. Annual rental value $_______
. Total value $______ __
_
Light (a) electricity--------(6) g as--------- (c) other (speci
Kitchen stove_____________________
T o t a l .................
. HOMEOWNERS..__ months.
November 30
FIELD PROCEDURE
HOUSING FACILITIES AND SERVICES
Y ___ . . . N___ ...
(c) other
. Taxes_____________________
13. Assessments..
(d) none........... ............... .............
Y ___ _ _ N ______
14. Refrigeration (e. g., electric current, ice, gas, or other)----
Y ___ ... . N ______
. Fire insurance on hoi
15. Telephone (a) y e s _______ (b) no
Y ___ ... . N ______
. Interest on mortgage)
16.. Garage (a) y e s ---------(b) n
Y— ™
. Refinancing charges_
_
.
17. Garden space (a) y e s ______ . (6) no ..
Y . ... . . . N ______
.
18. Play space (o) y e s -------- (6) n o -----
Y ___ . . . . N ______
.
19. Janitor service (o) y e s _______ (6) n o ------
Y ___ ... . N ._____
N ._____
■ Monthly rental rate for this dwelling $.-----
14. Repairs and replacements_
T o t a l . ___________
19. Rent at school..
. Rent on vacation or trips.___
T ota l
(2)
housing...............
00
SO
490
Quarter ending—
U (a). FUEL AND LIGHT
Quantity
Quantity
Expenditures
-
May 31
February 28
November 30
Expenditures
Quantity
—
—
X X X X
.
X X X X
...........
X X X X
.
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
fCArr>«fino
9
Expenditures
X X X X
X X X X
S
August 31
Quantity
—
X X X X
R e fr ig e r a tio n .........................................................................................
Expenditures
Ufunlinff (ATaapt fn r Ailto )
................... .
..
10 . E le c t r ic ity : D o m e s t ic lig h tin g a n d a p p lia n ce s........................... .
11 .
12.
T o t a l fu e l a n d lia h t_________________________________
|.1. W a te r re n t..
November 30
February 28
May 31
____ _ ________
2S. Tjk.nndrv oiitr W a t wash
igh d r y ____m a n g le d '” ' "
15. T e le p h o n e ______ ___________________
ned____co m b i n a tio n s
.
18- H o u se h o ld p a p e r
.
___
dapv - nAna. i‘tanriln in If
26 . Static >
27 . P osts LpA( tAla£rrama
28 . M o v i n g, ex p ress, fre ig h t, d r a y -
P a rt tim e ____
17.
X X X X
Expenditures for quarter ending—
U <b). OTHER HOUSEHOLD
OPERATION—Continued
August 31
14. Tee
16. D o m e s t ic s e r v ice : F u ll tim e ____
X X X X
______
Expenditures for quarter ending—
II (b). OTHER HOUSEHOLD
OPERATION
—
____
19. S o a p (e x c e p t t o i l e t ) : B ar________
29 . Safa d n n osit h o r
20 .
21. Starch, bluing (laundry)________
30 . In su ra n c e o n furni
31. Interest o n d ebl ts
na'k
22. Cleaning powders, polishes_____
32. O t h e r f s n e c if v l ______
23. Steel wool, etc__________________
33.
34.
F la k e s a n d p o w d e r ................
24. Matches...........................................
(not on
T o t a l 1 1 (1 i)
T o t a l household oper
ation..............................
(3)
November 30
February 28
May 31
August 31
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
I f. HOUSEHOLD OPERATION
Unit
ITEMS
Quantity
used last
week
1 DATS
Purchased
Q ‘
ti“
ITEMS
Unit price Expense
1. B E E F : Fresh, steak, porterhouse, sirloin.
Unit
Quantity
used last
week
Purchased
Quan
tity
Unit price Expense
31. P O U L T R Y (co n t’d ): C h ick en , stew ........
32.
T u rk ey ___________________
33
Other
M IS C E L L A N E O U S M E A T P R O D U C T S
34
Hnlngna, frankfurters, etc
3ft. Cnnkedr H a m .................
3ft,
plate
......
38
Canned
|1.
30
4ft.
D ried
13
.
_____
41.
Canned ....
C ured
V E AT.- Fresh, steak, nhnps
...............
42. Oysters
14
mast.
43. O ther sea fo o d ______
15.
Rtew
44
1ft T.AM R : Fnwh, «hnp«
17.
roast
18.
45
stew
... _________ ...
.
.
O ther
FTSH- Freeh
Corned
12
T on g u e
37. L iver.
.
MTT.TC- Fresh whole— bottled
4fl.
. .................
. _____
EOOS
lo o s e ....
47.
sk im m ed ___
1ft. P O RK ? Fresh, chops
43.
Sk im m ed dried
20
4ft.
C a n n e d ......... ...............................
21
22
Inin rnnat .
nt.her
Kft.
SmnkoH, haenn
.
Other
51. C H E E S E : A m erica n..
23.
ham , slices____________
52.
24.
h alf o r w hole___
53.
O th er..
26.
p icn ic....................
. .
..
C o tta g e . .
54, Tee cream
...................
2fi.
Salt, aide
27.
P ork sausage______________ ____
ftft H otter
ftfi. C ream
28.
Other p ork ........... ........... ..............
57. O th er ta b le fa ts ________ _______
2ft. POTTT.TRY- C hicken, broiling
30 .
_______ _____ ____ ......
58. T a b le o r c o o k in g nils _ __
roast.........................
(4)
FIELD PROCEDURE
m A , FOOD PURCHASED AND CONSUMED LAST
Unit
ITEMS
Quantity
used last
week
Purchased
Q
tity'
Unit
ITEMS
Unit price Expense
69.
89.
Purchased
Quan
tity
Unit prioe Expense
88. SW F.F.TS (con td )• Jellies
60.
Quantity
used last
wetk
492
M olasses, sirups_____________
61.
VEGETABLES
O R A TM P R O n tT C T S
90. P ota toes _
. .
_______
91. Sw eetpotatoes, y * m » . ........ _ . .. .
92. Tomatoes: Rreah
63.
R ye
64.
,
Canned
93.
..............................
94.
65.
Sauce, paste
95.
66.
67. Other baked goods Sweet, rolls
. ____
96. R m ssola sprou ts .
purchased______ C o o k ie s.
68.
..................
97. C ah h age___ ________________________
69.
C a k e s _____ _________
PlAfl
99. P ollard s
71 .
Other
....................... .
98. Sauerkraut.
70.
___
._
.. ------------------
100. TCale.
..............-
101.
72. Flour: White_____
102. Spinach* Preah
73.
74
Other
. .
.
______
. .
104. Other leafy vegetrfth^A^u— r
r
... . _______ ______
7fi. R ntniny
77. Onm slurah _______
... .
Canned , , ,
103.
7K P o m moo.1
7R. R ice
—
.
105. Asparagus* P r e a h -----
.
_____________
Canned
106.
_______________________
.. .
..
-----
107.
C a n n e d ........ .
79. R olled net*
108.
SO. W h eat eerenl
...
.
109. Reans, snap fatrin g): Fresh .
f t r pMulv.in-AAt. hrAAlrfiut forvlfl_
_
__
111. R roccoli
83.
112.
RA. MftHAFoni
nooHlAfl___________
RR. S W E E T S - Siiimr w hite
80.
C an n ed .
110.
82. T a p io ca . _________
______________
Peas: Frcmh
113.
OarniMl
114. Reet.s* Rresh
________
.
. .
........
, _________
......... .................
115.
V
87.
Candy.
116. Peppers. ---------------------------- ----------------
(5)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7 DAYS-Continued
m (A). FOOD PUBCHASED AND CONSUMED LAST
ITEMS
Unit
Quantity
used last
week
Purchased
Quan
tity
Unit
ITEMS
Unit price Expense
Quantity
used tact
week
Purchased
Q
ttty*
Unit price Expense
117. O k ra__
147, Apricot-0: F m »h ........................................ .
14K
Canned ^_ir
______
140 'B a n a n as
...
___
____
122, f>l*T y
1/5i,
C anned.........
...... .
____________
1/52. Cherries: F resh..
12/5.
D ried .......
12/5. Otiatimher.
.
rr,
.
.
1/53.
Canned ...
FIELD PROCEDURE
-------- -----------
.........................
127. T!jjp1»n k
121. Onions: M atu re
iftfi, Pe^ehes* Freeh............. ........
12^
137,
fipstnp
IKft Pears* Fresh . „ 1
ISO,
1
M
- --
-
.
O th e r vegretahles
V E G E T A B L E S, D R IE D , A N D NU TS
134. B ean s: 'D r y .
133.
..
1H2
M elons
..................
___
C anned, d rie d ------------
.136. Peas: B lack eyed----137.
I
C anned , llT11
-
' 13ft, Pineapple: F r e e h ....... . . . . . . . -------------
132. W h ite turnips_
111
-- _
_
C a n n e d ... .....................-
------------------ n—
j 1AR Afkaai /m i^
O th e r.____
138. Nuts: Shelled..
139.
In shell___
9AO A4V m fwiitf {itiAAfl
140. P ean u t h o tte r .
..
.
FRUIT, DRIED
1AO
141
Prim es
T «m ftin
f4 2 . Oranges
143. G rap efru it: Fresh__
144.
Aprtrvatji
171
FRUIT, FRUIT JUICES
. ..
.............
r
, ................ ............
17
2
. Baiftine,_____ .. .
__
Canned_________ ___________
173. Dates......... ................... .........
(6)
. . . ______
...................
14—
am
493
i n (A). FOOD PUBCHASED AND CONSUMED LAST 7 DAY S— Continued
'
ITEM
174. %
___________
Unit
Purchased
I
I
Unit price Expense
Quantity
used last
week
Jj
__________
J7K. O ther
________
..
Quantity
used last
week
Unit
Purchased
Q * Unit price Expense
ti“
,
1 203. C an d v. ice cream , drinks et.e
M IS C E L L A N E O U S I T E M S
17 «. G elatin e
ITEM
.......... .11202. Board a t s c h o o l.,
_____
494
| 204.
_
T o ta l fo o d e xpen ditu re________
|
X X
X X
X X
X X
NUMBER MEALS LAST 7 DAYS FURNISHED FROM FAMILY FUND
LU
i
Sex
Age
Home
Away
Home
Dumet
Away
Home
Away
j b.............
1R2. V inegar
1R3 Salt.
...................
1R4 Ralrin^r pAwrlAr(
aoHa
X X
X X
1RE Rpiees, evtraefs
X X
X X
IRfi. Catsups, Ranees
X X
X X
X X
I ,i
I.............
X X
1R7. Pir.lripjx, nlivftfl
IRS Soup- T o m a to
189.
f .______
! '
h.
.. . .
Other (sp ecify )----------------------------...
190. C od -liv er oiL ...................................................
191. Proprietary fo o d s
HOME-PRODUCED FOOD AND GIFTS OF FOC)D USED LA.ST 7 DAYS
_ _ ____ ___
1Q2. O ther fends
ITEM
Quantity
Value
193. S o ft drinks consu m ed at hom e.................
1
2.
194. O ther drinks consum ed at h om e-----------195.
T o ta l fo o d consum ed a t h om e__
X X
X X
X X
.......................
.
.
.
.....
. . . . . .
............... .
X X
3.
_
_
FOOD BOU GH T A N D E A TE N A W A Y
4...................................................................................................................
196. L unches a t work---------------------------------- ,
FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD HABITS (SPECIFY)
f <)7 T.iinohoa at sohool
n tto f pioftla not vacation* Rrealffajot
JG
O
T.nneh
200.
201
Relisrious
D inner-------
.
..
_____
.
____ _____
__
. .
.
...
__ _
National
—
H ealth
Other_
_
on vfiCfltion
(7)
. . . ________________________________________________________________ _____
14— 3033
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
7 DAYS— Continued
B I (A). FOOD PURCHASED AND CONSUMED EAST
Expenditure lot quarter ending—
November 30
ITEMS
Week
Month
Quarter
Week
Month
August 31
May 31
February 28
Quarter
Week
Month
Quarter
Week
Month
Quarter
FOOD EA TE N A T H OM E
4.
E g g s ____
&
M ilk an d crea m ._____
7.
F ru it _________
A
C an d y ..
___ _____________
________________________
________
FIELD PROCEDURE
____ .
FOOD BOUGH T AN D EATEN A W A Y FROM HOM E
O. Enaction a t w o rk ..
............
10. Lu n ches a t Bchool_____
...
11. O th er meats n o t v acatio n ! Breakfast.
1*
..............
_______
.............
Lunch
_____
___
________
TKnner
14
M fflll) nn v acatio n
.
fti finhnol .
16
____
.
__ ........... . _ ...._ ______
. .
C a n d y , ice cream , drinks, etc
17.
T o ta i . f o o d - ............................................................................................
FOOD-BUYING PROCEDURE
Grocery
Independents
POOD GROUP
Independents
Chain
Chain
Cash and Service
carry
HOME-PRODUCED FOOD AND GIFTS OF FOOD FOR YEAR
Other (specify)
Cash and Service
carry
Milk
dealer
or
dairy
(deliv
ery)
Other
(specify)
Quantity
ITEM
1ft M e a t
2.1
10
flm eeriea
24..
2ft
M ilk
2K
--------
26
_____
Value
21. RftlrnH grwvfa
22. Fruits, vegetables.
-----____
-
____
_____
27. _________________________________________________
X X
( 8)
I t—SOM
495
n i (®), FOQ,D—ANNUAL EXPENDITURE
Member_____ Age ...........
Weeks------
Member___ ... Ac*----Weeks------
496
$
1i
ITEM
Nam- Prloe
Quar
Q
uar
terpur N
Prloe Expend- terpur
iture chased
chased be?*
Num Prloe
ber
1. Hats: F d t .
2.
UNDERW EAR
28. Oofton- TCnit. suits
8
29.
Caps: W
4.
Other
Woven Rin'ts
3a
TTnder shirts
31.
9.
Shorts
t
8. Jackets: Heavy fabric.._____
.
10.
Leather________ _
_
Other___
/Suita
35. ,
']
Rayon]
36. land/or/ Shirta
sUk
\T)rawera
37 1
___ ___
J
11*. Sweaten i: Heavy___________
12.
Light
.
.
>
/Suita ...................
Cotton]
33. - and i Shirts
wool I
Drawers_____
34v
32.
9
Gu,*.
Quar
ter pur Nam- Price Expend
iture s k
chased
_
___
38. PsjunM and nightshirts___
13. Play sui t: Wool knit________
39. Shoes? Street.
14.
rVit.fnn
40.
Street............ ...............
15.
Oi-hofi1
41.
Work............................
42.
Work
43.
Canvas
44
__ __ ___
Other
16. Suits:
E wool..................
l[eavy
17.
Light-weight wool
18.
Ciotton, linen__ .......__
45. Boots? Bnhher
19.
Paim Beach__________
46.
20.
CIt.her
47. A rctics_ __
.
■
21. Trousen> Wool
vz.
u on on ___________
23.
Ot.h>r
24. Overallsif coveralls
/Cotton, work_______
25A
| Shirts
26. > and <Cotton, dress......... ...
(blouses
.Wool __________
27 .J
—
—
........ ........
48. Rubbers.............. .....................
.. _ .
49. Shoe repairs
50. Shoe shines
_____ . __
51. Hose: Heavy cotton .
Cotton dress
52.
.. .
53.
54.
Sillr
55.
Wool------------------
(9)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
IV (A). CLOTHING— M EN AND BOYS
Member . . . . .. . Age_____
Weeks_____
Member______ Age..............
Week*'.______
ITEM
Member______ Age..............
Weeks______
Quar
Num Price Expendterpur
ber
iture chased " S -
Member............. Age___ __ _ Member..........Age............
Weeks..........
Weeks----------
ITEM
Quar
Quar
Num Price Expendter pur Num Price Expendter pur
ber
iture chased
iture chased ber
Price ^fturo^ torSk
chased
6. Coats: H envy, plain
7.
H eavy, fur trimmed..
8.
Fin r
Q
T ight, wool
.i
_____
.
Aft. Tie«
10.
Liight., rot,ton
61
11.
Liight, ailk, rayon
C o II atk
6 2 . Bathing suite, sun suits _______
>63.
—
—
—
—
—
FIELD PROCEDURE
IV (B). CLOTH ING— W O M EN AND GIRLS— Continued
I V (A ). CLOTHING— MEN AND BOYS— Continued
12. Flay suitei; Wool knit
—
HiulHkdrrhiflfR ___ __
13.
Cotton suede_____
14
64 . Accessories_______ ________
fVfhpr
<5S. Builimhfl*
15- 'Rftincoa.ta.
6 6 . Cleaning, repairing.
16-1
6 7 Other (sporify)
68.
T ot at.
.
.... .
_
_
fWooi knit.
17. Sweaters Wool fahrie
• and
18. jackets. Leather,leatherette
..
.Other._______ ____
19.
IV (B ). CLOTHING— WOMEN AND GIRLS
20. Suits: W
<
21.
Member.......... Age..........
Weeks..........
ITEM
Member_____ Age_____
Weeks_____
Quar
Num Price Expend ter pur
ber
iture chased ber
Sil k. ravon
22 .
Other
[2 2 1
Quar
Price Expendter pur
iture chased
_
_
____
/Silk, rayon
l Waists i“ d| Cotton
.............
middi es. J
25.
j jnthpr
0±
26. Skirts:
ool
Vir
2.
Straw_________ ..
27.
Oither._ .
8.
Fabric_______
Cotton, house.
28. Dresses: 1
1. Hats: F elt.____________
4 . Cape and berets: Wool__
ft.
Other._____
29 .
30.
(10)
. ____
.
__
'Cotton, house
»
Cotton, street..........
m—«
m
498
Member......... Age..........
Weeks.........
Member......... Age........
Weeks.........
ITEM
Member..........Age..........
Weeks..........
ITEM
Quar
Num Price Expendter purExpend Quar
iture chased *1*?’ Price iture ter pur
ber
chased
Quar
Quar
Num Price Expend ter pur Num Price Expendter pur
ber
Iture chased ber
iture chased
56 1
/Cotton____
57. f P? iamas- £ ung‘J Silk, rayon
xng and beach.]
' *
53. J
l Other.
59. Bathrobes____________ ____
34.
Wool..........................
36.
Other.........................
61. Hose: Silk___
37.
Other.........................
62.
S ilk ................. .
38. Aprons.__________________ ..
63.
Silk
39. Coveralls..... ..... .....
64.
Ravon___________ __
40. Knickers, hreechen, shorts
65.
Cotton_________ .
60. Kimonos, negligees____
.... ____ ,
41. Slips: Cotton...........................
66.
Wool...
____
42.
S ilk ..............
67. Shoes: Street.
_____
43.
Rayon ... ._
68.
Street....... ....................
69.
46.1
Dress... _______
71.
Sport__________
72.
/Cotton_____
Am Union suits andJw _,
4 7 - t combinations. j Wool“ .........
48.,
Dress............................
70.
48 . knuwIpTM
Sport___
....
73. House slippers...........
vSilk, rayon_
49. Underwaists, shirts______
75. Shoe shines__ ________
50.\
( Cotton,
«i IBloomers and p a n - L
ties.
<Rayon....
76. Rubbers....................................
52.J
IsOk.____
53.1 N ightgow ns I
/Cotton, light.....
' °
5 4 .)
<Cotton, flanneL.
65
J
m a8'
(.Silk, rayon.......
77. Arctics, gaiters_______ ______
—
........
78. Gloves: Cotton_____________
79.
Toather______
flO.
Other
ftl. *Rn.t,Viin£ cinfflj snn Rintfl
S .
lO
TfftnHIrwfiipfa
83. Furs...........................................
(ID
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
IV (B). CLOTHING— W OM EN AND. GIRLS— Continued
Member......... Age........
Weeks.........
Member----
Age___
Weeks. . . .
ITEM
ber
QuarE dl U^pur-
Price
IV (D ). YARD GOODS AND FINDIN GS
A ge-----
Member___
Price
Expenditure
Quarter
purchased
Expenditure
Yards
ITEM
Quarter
purchased
Quantity
Value
Weeks___
Price
ber
Quar
Ex
pends ter pur
chased
1.
Cotton ....................................................
2. Linen.............................................
3 . R a y o n _______
.
_
____________
£. ftillr
R W ool
fi. M ir tiiff!
87. Garters, belts, hairpins, etc._
_.
7. O th p r
8.
89. Other (specify)..............................
9.
Findings ................................. ...............
T o t a l . ..................................
IV (E). PAID HELP FOR SEWING
IV (C). INF A.NTS* CLOIrniNC
ITEM
Member___
Age-----
Member___
Weeks----
Age___
Weeks. . . .
ITEM
Nmm-
Price
Quar.
Ex
pendi ter pur N '
ber1
ture chased
Price
Quar
Ex
pendi ter pur
ture chased
2
.......
____
_______
_______ ____ ___________
3 ...........................................................................................................................
1.
Cups,
G IFTS OF CLOTHING
VioorlH, hrmnf>td
2 . rviA.tR
ITEM
FIELD PROCEDURE
oflpfiiipc
4. Sweater suits ___________________
1........................................................................................................................
...........
R. Drf»RRftfiJ rnmpprfl
2.
ft. filrirfflj £Arbrfirlffwi
3 ........................................................................................................................
_ _________
__________________________
*?. R h irfs ha.rule
4 ..................................................................................................
ft. T)iftppn?
5 ..................................................................................................
0 . ftlpApin^ gftrmpntft
6 ..................................................................................................
ID. R W lfin p s
7 ..................................................................................................
11.
8. _________ __________________________________________
R ootooR , rV t r
ic o
12. Other (specify)..
13.
. ___ ____
T o t a l - ............
.................
9 . ------------------- ------------------- -----------------10 ..................................................................................................
( 12)
t«—eo**
499
IV (B ). CLOTHING— W.OMEN AND GIRLS—Continued
Type of outlet
CLOTHES
Deportment
Specialized
shop
Mail-order
Situation of store
6 oents to $1
Neighbor
hood
Central
Payment
o
o
Nearby city
Cash
Charge ac
count
Price
Installment
Regular
Sale
M e n 's :
ft,
fTftfai
....
_____________
______ -
W o m e n ’s :
—
S,
Shoes
A,
ThmsdfiH
10 .
...
-----
--------
. —
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
----
U n d e r w e a r _____ ___ ,___________ ____
—
—
—
—
—
......................
C h il d r e n ’ s :
—
12.
FURNISHINGS AND EQUIPMENT
1,
Department
Specialized
shop
Mail-order
Other (spec
ify)
Neighbor
hood
F u r n i t u b e : S u ite s________________
Tltftjnr p ie c e s
K it c h e n - _____________
4*
S m a ll p ie c e s _________
6»
M e c h a n ic a l re fr ig e ra to rs---------------. —
6«
V a c u u m c le a n e r s ________ ____ ____ . .
7
nieet.ric. w a sh e rs
ft.
O th e r e le c trica l e q u ip m e n t_______
A
fthjaef.o o n /! pillnw ean es
ID.
—
U n d e r w e a r ................................................
__________
__
. _______
O th e r h o u s e h o ld te x tile s ................. .
(1 )
3
Central
Nearby city
Cash
Charge ac-
Installment
Sale
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
O i
PURCHASING PROCEDURES IN SCHEDULE TEAR
Expendi
ture
Expendi
ture
1. Suites: Living room.
29. Comforts, quilts-------------------....
2.
Bedroom----
30. Sheets____________________________
3.
Dining room.
31. Pillowcases__________________— ---
4- Beds: Wood_______
6.
Metal_______
32. Bedspreads, couch covers-----------33. Tablecloths, napkins, doilies: Cotton.
6. Cots, cribs: Wood—
34.
7.
35. Towels: Linen_____________________
Metal....
8. Bedsprings------------------
36.
8. Davenports----------- -----
' 37.
Linen...
Cotton, Turkish________________
Other, cotton___________________
10. Couches, daybeds________ _
38. Table runners, dresser scarfs_______ _____
11. Dressers--------------------.
39. Curtains, draperies______________________
12. Chiffoniers, chests----- ---- -
40. Dishcloths, cleaning cloths, etc------------
13. Sideboards, buffets____ ____
41. Other (specify)__________ ______ ________
14. Desks____________________
SILVERWARE, CHINA, AND GLASSWARE
15. Bookcases, bookshelves____
42. China or porcelain,, table____ _________ ___
16. Tables, except kitchen------
43. Glassware_______________________________
17. Chairs: Wood--------------
44. Tableware: Silver____________ __________
18.
45.
Upholstered_______
FIELD PROCEDURE
T ; FURNISHINGS AND EQUIPMENT
Other (specify)____ _________
46.
Other_________________________________________________ ____________ ___
21. Stands, racks, costumers.................
47.
Vacuum cleaners___________________ _____ _____________________________
22. Other.................................................
48.
Refrigerators (electric)..................................................................................... ......
49.
Electric stoves, hot plates......................................................................................
19. Benches, stools, footstools---------
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
20. Tea carts, wheel trays-------------
T EX TILE FURNISHINGS
23. Carpets, ru g s_______________ (sq. yds.)
50. Washing machines................................................................................................. .
24. linoleum , inlaid ........................(sq. yds.)
51. Irons...................................... ................. .................................................................
25. Felt-base floor covering_____ (sq. yds.)
52. Ironers, mangles.......... ........................ ..................................... ......................
26. Mattresses.................................................
53. Heaters, fans......... ............................................................................. ........ .........
27. Pillows........................................................
54. Light bulbs...............................................................................................................
(14)
J4-M S *
Oi
o
Price
Number
ITEM
Expendl-
Quarter
purchased
8
ITEM
Number
67. Pots, p»no| cutlery
5 . T oasters
6
____,
..............
70, Sewing m achines (pot.
__
gO
Bwppppm
92
_
73.
. ____.. .
hnishpaJ mnpa
_
72. Trunks, hand haggage
IWirmro pi(>t.iirM| (tlnnlrRj
9 wv' ,nfl
a1
ect.ric). . . . . . T
*
71. Raby carriages, gocarts
M ISC E L LA N EO U S E Q U IP M E N T
91
--------- .
69. Trrming hnarHs, racks, baskets
57. Sewing machines (electric)___ ______ ______
59
Expendi Quarter
ture
purchased
63. Tnhs, hoards, wringers
.
gg
Price
___ .
. . .
___
.
.
.................
H ousehold tools, 1arid era, cans
____ ______
74. W indow shades, wire screens, awnings
,
P ^o (p a n sJ pni1nJ etft
...
75, Lawn mowers, garden eq uipm ent____ T_T
___
76 . Repairs, cleaning
6 . Ioeboxes _______ ____ _____ „____ ___________________
4
77. O ther (sp ecify)..
6 . S toves and ranges (n ot electric) —
5
78.
—-------- -—
, , ................. _ .T
.
.
, __
___ ____
__
_ __________
T o t a l furnishings and eq u ip m en t,..
66. Canning equipm ent, cookera.------------------- -------FURN ISHINGS AN D EQ U IPM EN T RECEIVED FREE
Quantity
ITEM
1
....... ......
9
___________
9
4
.......
____________
__________________
.
....... -
ft
______ .
Value
ITEM
I t ___ ____
12.
13. _______________________
14. __________________
_
_
____
______________
..... ___________
___________________
_____ ______________ _____ _____
1 6 .............................................. ..
............
..............
1 7 . ___________________ ____ ____________
g
Q
,
____
__________
______ ____________
________
___ .
10...................................................................................................... —
Value
___________________
________________________________
15. _____________
______
Quantity
_____
1 8 . ______
____________ :______
__________
19.
_______________________
...
2 0 .................................................... ....................................................
(15)
U —3023
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Oi
V. FURN ISHING S AND EQUIPMENT— Continued
VH. RECREATION
VI. TRANSPORTATION
53959
IT EM
November
30
February
28
May 31
IT E M
August
November
30
February
28
*r
M ay 31
1. N ew n p n p e r s ■ S t r e e t
2.
2 . A u to , m a k e ---------------------- y e a r -------------------
H o m e d e liv e r y ___________
3 . M a g a z in e s (s p e e if y )
N _______ S _______ y e a r b o u g h t _________
4.
_________________________
5. . .
.
___________ . . . . .
fi. R o o k s ( e x c e p t s c h o o l)................
7,
T-oau l i h r a r y
R
,
—
8
R e p a irs a n d
—
.
(rA prA A tion)
. .
..
.
O ut. o f h o m e . ___ _ ______
C h ild , u s u a l p r ic e ________
12.
r e n t , p a r k in g
10
liir.PiRRfi
_____
Tr»anr«/n/»e' FtTft
13
.. . ..
___
. . . __ .
T h e f t.
. .. ..
..
____
1 3 . P l a y s , c o n c e r ts _______________ __________
..
1 4 . S p e c t a t o r s p o r ts _____________________________
..................................
1 1 . T a x e s __________
19
----------------
....
_ _______
1 1 . M o v ie s: A dult., URiial p r ic e .............
9
______
9. E n te r ta in in g : I n h o m e (e x c e p t f o o d ) _______
—
10.
(Bp(y>ify)
.
. . . __ .
1 F. O th e r a m u s e m e n ts
16. R a d io : P r ic e —.................... . N ____ S _____
____
_____
14
P r o p e r t y H ftm ag e . . ..
16.
C o llis io n ............. ........... ... .................. —
__
U pkeep
P .t h lie lia b ili ty
lg
17 .
17
, lf in M n r HftTnngM
----
13
... . - .. .
P o n t r»f m ifn n r
1 9 . R a ilr o a d ..
9f)
A ir
.............
___________ ___ ... . . . .
..
____
20. A th le tic e q u ip m e n t , s u p p lie s , etc....................
. ...
93
________________
_______
......... .
99
_____ . . .
.
C am prftflj f ilin g anH p h n t o e q u ip m e n t.
2 3 . P e ts (p u r c h a s e a n d u p k e e p )_______
24. C i g a r e t t e s . . _______
99. Kiln- T n te r u r h a n
Ternl
____________________
1 9 . S h e e t m u s i c , r e c o r d s , r o lls ----------------------------
2 1 . C h i ld r e n ’s p l a y e q u i p m e n t
............
T W t.
9.1
M u s ic a l i n s t r u m e n t s
j
FIELD PROCEDURE
Expenditure* lor quarter ending—
Expenditure for quarter ending—
__________ _
.
____
..
2S. C i g a r s
.................
2 6 . P i p e to b a c c o ................
OA IV a IIou
.....
...
__
...............
2 7 . O t h e r to b a c c o ------------------------------------------------2 6 . O t h e r ( s p e c if y ) — ........... .
_
____
2 8 . O t h e r r e c r e a t i o n (s p e c i f y ) ........................................
90
(16)
T ivtat. HuvrARtlnn
Cm
O
co
Usual price
X . F O R M A L E D U C A T IO N
Expenditure quarter ending—
ITEM
Men Women S e a
November
30
504
February
28
Expenditure quarter ending—
ITEM
May 31
November
30
August 31
February
28
May 31
AuguetSl
1, A w ay: T u ition , foes, b ook s, s u p p lie s ............
2. H om e: T u ition , m u sic, d an ce, b o o k s, su p plica, oth er (sp ecify)
_ —
3.
4 . M anicures___
T o ta l e d u ca tion ________________________
____. .
X I . C O M M U N IT Y W E L FA R E
6 . P e n p a n e n t w a v e s . ___
1 rtfiurch Snd Su n d a y Sch ool
2
R- T o ile t sn ap _______________________
............. ......... ...
C om m u n ity cheat., oth e r organizations ____
________
3. T a xes: P oll, in com e, person al p r o p e r ty _____
9 . T o o th p a ste , m o u th w ashes...............................
i
T o ta l com m u n ity w elfare . _________
10. B rushes (hair, t o o t h ) , toiSet articles, e tc ...
x n . V O C A T IO N
11. C osm etics a n d to ile t pre]paratic>ns__________
12.
T o t a l person al c«
D C . M E D IC A L C A R E
1. M e d icin e an d di-uppi
2 . Eveidasses___
______________
_
^ 'T echnical literature
................
3 . H o t-w a te r b o ttle s, cru tc i les, e tc __
___
. ----
d O th er (tiptieify)............
S.
----
..
....—
T o ta l vo ca tio n ..............................................
v i i f c T u r1 a A v n/ r A , r r D T D T T m A v a
AAAI* UIE r a A m
w v
4. G . P . _____h o m e visits a t
6 . G . P . ------- office v isits a t $-------~
R
fllin ic visits
. a t $ _______
__
*t. TWnfiil
2
R. Special intjj
Hrwi)
...
___
C on trib u tion s, support, relatives
4.
days a t
A IT * U lI U iA J A W I lil A A rA IU U
P
$________
11.
ward-------- days a t $ _______ _
1. (Funerals, lega l, losses, gardens, e tc .)
12.
nurse ____ days a t t ________
2.
12. AunMAnf. Aiwi liAftlfYi IncitMnAA
14.
15.
Other (specify)_______________________________
T o tal
__
T o ta l (rifts an d c o n trib u tion s................
0 . N u rsin g se rv ice in h o m e : P r v .__ v ia ...
10. H o sp ita l r o o m --------
. . . ___
3. C on trib u tion s, su p p ort o th er person s________
medical care.---------------------------
. .
_____
_______
a
_____
4,
--------------------
5.
(17)
....
____ . . .
. .. . . r
...
------------
T o ta l oth er fam ily ex p en d itu res______
^
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
T D I. PERSO N AL CARE
(N ot Including change* due to appreciation or depredation o f property which ha* not changed hands)
Funds made available for family use from sources other than family Income In
schedule year
Disposition of money received during the schedule year not used for current family
expenditures
Amount
Amount
In c re a s e in c a sh : O n h a n d ___________ _____________________________________
I n c h e c k in g a c c o u n t .____________________________________
I n sa vin g s a c c o u n t _______________________________ ____ _
I n sa vin gs a c c o u n t____________________________________
I n v e s t m e n t: I m p r o v e m e n ts o n o w n h o m e ________________________________
B u ild in g a n d lo a n sh ares,. , . „ r T ___
,
Rftfo* U nilriing fmH W n flVtnrAa
_ ______________ .
_
R e a l e s ta te ( n o t o w n h o m e ) ............................................................
P e a l A aiaif.
S t o c k s a n d b o n d s ....... .................. ........................................................ —
O th e r (s p e c ify )
- , . r-T . r ____________
T
O th e r p r o p e r t y ( s p e c if y ) ____________________________________
_
R e ce ip t s fr o m lo a n s o u ts ta n d in g ..............................................................................
_____________________
_______________________
Tn^rftftsA In m o n p y lp n t
G o o d s a n d c h a tte ls
....________ _
_
In c re a se in r en ts a n d o th e r d e b t s d u e f a m il y ._________. . . . ...... ......................
D e c re a se in d e b t in t h e fo r m o f :
...............................
M o rtg a g e s (o w n h o m e ) .
_____ _________ _
. ________________ ..
M o rtg a g e s (o w n h o m e )
iVfnrtgftgAfl (nthftr)
....
..
M o rtg a g e s (o t h e r ) .................................................................................. ...............
O th er a m o u n ts d u e : B a n k s ........... .................................................................... -----------------------. . .
In c re a se in d e b t in th e fo r m o f :
..
I n su ra n ce c o m p a n ie s ,,
,...
I n su r a n c e c o m p a n ie s ................................................................
S m a ll-loa n c o m p a n ie s
____ _______
S m a ll-lo a n c o m p a n ie s...............................................................
F irm s s e llin g o n in sta llm e n t p la n ............
O th e r a m o u n ts d u e : B a n k s............................................................
F ir m s s e llin g o n in sta llm e n t p la n _______ ___
A u to m o b ile s .
A u t o m o b ile s ,.,
.............
O th e r g o o d s .................................................................................
I n d iv id u a ls ..
.
. ............. .........
...
__
______
____ ________________
... _______________ _
. ,
.................... .........
. _________
___
.
_
_
_____
.
I n d iv id u a ls _________________________________________________________
.
O t h e r d e b t s (s p e c ifv V .
...
O th e r g o o d s ,
__________
...
.......
...
FIELD PROCEDURE
CHANGES IN THE FOBM AND AMOUNT OF FAMILY ASSETS AND LIABILITIES IN THE YEAR ....................... TO .......................
O th e r d e b t s (s p e c ify ) __________________________________________________
..............................
P a y m e n ts o n life in su ra n ce (p re m iu m s )_______________________________ . . . .
(Indicate frequency o f ‘ remium payments) _______________________
p
______
P a v m e n ts o n a n n u ities (p re m iu m s )___________ _______________________ . . . . . .
T o t a l . ......................... ........................................
N e t c h a n g e ...........................................................................................................................
T ot> t, ,,
,
, , .
, , . . . . _____________________________________ lrr
N e t c h a n g e ____________________________________________________________________
If net change is minus, enter on left side of face sheet (Item No. XL page 1).
If net change is plus, enter on right side of face sheet (Item No. XVI, page 1).
Ol
US)
o
Cn
Edited by
Schedule No.
_______________________________________
Arithmetic checked b y .............................................
C ity
______ _
_
Reviewed b y _________ ___________________________
City s iz e ...................................
TABULATED
State
Oroup
..................
R egion .........................................
incom e grou p ..................
Color ............ .................................
Family Composition
TABULATION CHECKED
(20)
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
Oi
0
01
OFFICE RECORD
FIELD PROCEDURE
507
C hec\ in te r v ie w in g .
At the beginning of the field work one out of every five schedules
submitted by each agent was checked by one of the supervisors in an
interview with the family having originally provided the schedule data.
The Washington office provided the field office with specific instruc
tions concerning the methods of handling the check-interviews. The
schedules to be checked were chosen at random. The name of the
agent making the first call was not known to the check-interviewer,
thus, eliminating any possible personal bias. In returning to the
family for a check-interview, the investigator provided the informant,
usually the homemaker, with a brief summary of the family expendi
tures and the balance of receipts and disbursements, checked it with
her, and checked also the details of some section of the schedule,
selected at random.
Later in the course of the field work, when the check interviews dis
closed that certain agents were having difficulty in obtaining accurate
information, a larger proportion of the schedules collected by these
particular agents was checked. When the check showed that the
work of certain agents was very accurate, only 1 out of 10 schedules
was verified by a return interview. As the work progressed, relief
workers whose schedules had proven wholly reliable were advanced
to the position of check-interviewers.
F ood chec\ lists f o r 1 wee\.
Previous experience in collecting statistics on the details of annual
food expenditures has shown the difficulty of securing reliable estimates
of the year’s purchases. The schedule for this investigation was,
therefore, prepared with two sections dealing with food expenditures.
The first was in effect a check list providing in detail for the entry of
the quantities of foods purchased and used, and expenditures for foods
in the week immediately preceding the interview. The second section
was prepared to contain a summary of food expenditures during the
year. The section for entry of foods during 1 week (which listed over
194 foods) served two purposes. It secured from each family detailed
estimates of food purchases with as high a degree of accuracy as is
possible unless supervised records of purchases are obtained, and it
served to remind the homemaker of her customary expenditures, thus
making it easier to estimate the family’s total outlay for food in the
four quarters of the year covered by the schedule.
W ee\ ly record s o f f o o d c o n su m p tio n .
In order to obtain as much information as possible on seasonal
differences in food purchases and food consumption, each family
interviewed was asked in addition to keep a record of food purchases
and food consumption for 1 week in at least two, and preferably four,
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
508
different quarters. The following numbers of weekly food records
were obtained in the respective cities:
N u m ber o f
records
Boston, Mass_________________________________________________351
Buffalo, N. Y _______________________________________________
0
Johnstown, Pa______________________________________________
0
50
Lancaster, Pa_______________________________________________
Manchester, N. H ____________________________________________ 203
Philadelphia, Pa______________________________________________ 612
Pittsburgh, Pa______________________________________________ 209
Portland, Maine_____________________________________________ 13
Rochester, N. Y _____________________________________________ 176
Scranton, Pa________________________________________________
0
Springfield, Mass_____________________________________________ 232
These food records are being used by this Bureau for a report on sea
sonal variations in food expenditures which will appear at a later date.
They were turned over to the Bureau of Home Economics, United
States Department of Agriculture, where they have been analyzed
for dietary adequacy. Preliminary results of that analysis are in
cluded in “ Nutritive value of diets of families of wage earners and
clerical workers in North Atlantic cities, 1934-35” which appeared in
the Monthly Labor Review for July 1936. A more complete report
is that by Hazel K . Stiebeling and Esther F. Phipard entitled “ Diets
of families of employed wage earners and clerical workers in cities,”
United States Department of Agriculture Circular No. 507, January
1939.
Appendix G
Analytical Procedure
In c o m e cla ssification .
Data on family composition, earnings and income, and group ex
penditures are summarized by income levels at $300 intervals to pro
vide a basis for comparison of the results from this investigation with
earlier studies. The same data are also presented by income level
for families of types comparable with those studied in the 1917-18
investigation.
C lassifica tion b y econ om ic le v e l.
The analysis of data on family expenditure is complicated by the
fact that, although, in general, the family spends as a unit, families
are not comparable units, because of variation in size and age com
position. A family of two adults with an income of $1,200 is obvi
ously on an economic plane considerably higher than a family of six
adults with the same income. Statistical analyses of the expenditures
of a sample of families chosen at random is further complicated by
the fact that in most cities the size of the family among wage earners
and clerical workers increases as income increases, as larger family
incomes are more apt to come from increases in the number of earners,
than from the higher wages of the husband.
To meet these difficulties as well as to take into account the fact
that consumer demand varies with age, sex, and occupation, the
families were sorted according to economic level as measured by
amount spent per total-expenditure unit. In ascertaining the eco
nomic level of each family the first difficulty arose in the necessity of
taking into account the variations in consumer demand within each
family due to differences in family composition.
E x p e n d itu r e u n it— f o o d rela tives.
The problem was met in the present investigation by computing
separately for food, clothing, and for other items, the customary
expenditure of persons of different age, sex, and occupation. The
scale used in computing the relative expenditure for individuals for
food was based on data secured from the Bureau of Home Economics,
showing quantities of food estimated as actually consumed by persons
of different age, sex, and physical activity. These estimates were
based partly on the energy requirements of persons of different age,
509
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
510
sex, and occupation, and partly on data on actual food consumption
of families of urban wage earners and clerical workers. (To have
secured an adequate number of records of the actual food consumption
of individuals for this purpose would have required an expenditure
far beyond the resources of either of the Bureaus concerned.)
T able
C. — Relative food expenditures for persons of different age, sex,
and occupation 1
Calculated on the basis of—
Age-sex-occupation group
Average
Average
Average
prices cal prices year prices cal
ending
endar year
May 31, endar year
1934
1935
1935
M a le
Boys under 2________ _________________________________________
Boys 2 and under 4
____ ___
__ ____ _ _____________
Boys 4 and under 7_
__ ______ __ __ - _______ - _______ _
Boys 7 and under 9 _ ______
___ _______ _____________ ___ __
Boys 9 and under 11__ _______ _______________ ___ ________ ___ _
__________
- ____Boys 11 and under 13-- -- - __
Boys 13 and under 16 _ _ _____
_________ __ - _________ Boys 16 and under 20___ _______________________________________
Men, 20 and over, unemployed and part-time employed____ ______
Men, 20 and over, full-time employed. ______ __ _____________
0.51
.54
.61
.79
.86
.92
1.01
1.02
.90
1.00
0.48
. 52
.59
.77
.84
.91
1. 00
1.02
.90
1.00
0.48
. 51
.58
.76
.84
.90
1.00
1.02
.89
1.00
.51
.54
.61
.79
.86
.92
.83
.92
.48
.52
.59
.77
.84
.91
. 83
.92
.48
. 51
.58
. 76
.84
.90
82
! 92
F e m a le
Girls under 2____ _______ _ _________ _______________ - _
Girls 2 and under 4_____ __ ________ ______________ _______ _
Girls 4 and under 8_
- __ ___ _
________________- ___
Girls 8 and under 11_______ ______ ____ _____ _________ ____ _
Girls 11 and under 14.
_ _ __ _ _ __
______
___ _
______ _______ ___ _______
Girls 14 and under 20 _
__ ____
Women, 20 and over, moderately active____ _ ___ _ _ _____ _
Women 20 and over, active _______________
_______________
i Based on estimated actual diets of urban wage earners and lower-salaried clerical workers prepared by
the Bureau of Home Economics, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
It was necessary to convert estimated quantities of food consumed
by persons of different age and sex into estimated food costs. This
was done by multiplying these quantities of food by retail food prices
to find the ratio which expenditures for women and boys of various
age groups bore to expenditures for full-time employed men aged
20 and over. The problem arose as to whether the prices used as
multipliers should be individual city prices or averages for the United
States. A test was conducted on a sample of 12 cities where the study
was in process in the winter of 1935. For each of these cities, the
same quantities of food were multiplied by the respective retail food
prices for the given city. It was found that, despite the use of varying
prices from city to city, the relative expenditures for women and
children bore approximately the same ratio to those for employed
men in each city. It was therefore decided to use, for all 12 of these
cities, a scale of consumer expenditure for food based on United
States average prices in 1934. The same procedure was followed for
all other cities, with adjustment for changes in food prices as the
investigation advanced. The food expenditure scales were recalcu-
511
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
lated on the basis of average prices in the year ending M ay 31, 1935,
and on average prices in the calendar year 1935 and these food rela
tives were used for schedules in cities where the field work was
completed later. Within a given city, where field work extended over
a considerable period, each schedule was coded with the food relatives
for the period most nearly corresponding to the schedule year.
E x p e n d itu r e u n it— c lo th in g rela tives.
The data secured in the present investigation were used as the basis
for computing the scales of expenditure for clothing of persons of
different age, sex, and occupation. The average annual clothing ex
penditures of white men wage earners and clerical workers, 21 through
35 years old, in all the cities covered in the present study were $56.68.
This amount is regarded as unity (1.00) in arriving at standard scales
of expenditure for persons of other ages, sex, or occupation. In the
following table average clothing expenditures of each class of persons
are expressed as percentages of the average clothing expenditures of
this group of employed men.
T able
D . — Relative clothing expenditures for persons of different age, sex, and
occupation
[1.00=($56.68), expenditure of male wage earners and clerical workers aged 21 and under 36]
Male
Age
Under 2__________ _______ _
2 and under 6___________ ___
6 and under 9_______________
9 and under 12______ ___ ___
12 and under 15_____________
15 and under 18-_. _______
18 and under 21
„ _
____
21 and under 24_____
24 and under 27___
_____
27 and under 30____________
30 and under 36 ______ _
36 and under 42____
42 and under 48_ __ _______
48 and under 54. _ _________
54 and under 60
.
__ __
60 and over __ _ __________
Under 5,
and at
school
0.19
.34
.48
. 53
.63
.88
1.01
At
home
Female
Clerical
0.74
.80
.57
.48
.46
.44
.43
.41
.39
.37
.35
1.02
1.14
1.14
1.13
1.10
1.04
.94
.87
.80
.75
.65
Wage
earner
1.02
1.13
1.07
1.00
.96
.92
.87
.81
.75
.69
.60
Under 5,
and at
school
0.
.38
.47
.56
.77
1.01
1. 28
At
home
Clerical
Wage
earner
19
0.94
1.05
1.04
1.02
1.00
.96
.88
.78
.68
.58
.40
1.08
1.60
1. 66
1. 64
1. 62
1. 58
1. 48
1.35
1.18
1.03
.78
1.08
1.63
1.60
1. 46
1. 36
1.23
1.07
.94
.84
.76
.67
Data based on white families in 42 cities combined.
The same scale was used for white and Negro schedules. As there
were not a sufficient number of cases of Negroes, it was not possible
to develop a separate Negro clothing relative scale.
Since it was necessary to begin the coding and the tabulation of the
schedules before the field work was completed, the computations of
unit clothing expenditure 1 were at first made on the basis of prelim
inary scales computed from the clothing expenditure data in the sched1
unit
By unit clothing expenditure is meant the annual amount spent for clothing per clothing expenditure
512
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
ules available at the time for the given city or group of cities within a
region. After the field work had been terminated and the tabulation
completed for all 42 cities, the scales given in the foregoing table were
constructed on the basis of data for all these cities, all of which had
populations over 50,000.
It was desired that the scales should represent only those differences
in clothing expenditure which are due to the three factors (age, sex,
and occupation) which were being measured in the computation of the
scales. To compute the scales, after elimination of the influence of
the other variables of family income and family size in the computa
tions, the following steps were taken.
(1) Cards representing each person in all the families studied in
cities with populations over 50,000 were sorted into cells such that all
persons classified in a given cell were from families with the same
income and of the same size, and the group of persons whose clothing
expenditure was being studied were of the same age, sex, and occu
pation.
(2) The average clothing expenditure for all the persons in each
cell was then computed.
(3) These averages were then combined for each age-sex-occupation
group. In making this combination, each age-sex-occupation group
within each family-income family-size class was given the same weight.
These weights were determined by the number of persons in each
family-income family-size cell for all age-sex-occupation groups com
bined. The resulting averages for each age-sex-occupation group are
the averages that would have been obtained if the distribution of
persons by family income and family size had been the same in each
age-sex-occupation group. The procedure followed in combining
averages by the use of constant weights is similar to the procedure of
a standard population frequently used by biologists in attempting to
compare rates while eliminating differences caused by differing dis
tributions by sex, age, marital status, etc. (cf. Raymond Pearl,
Medical Biometry and Statistics, Philadelphia and London, 1930, ch.
I X , “ Standardized and corrected death rates,” pp. 265-277).
(4) For each sex-occupation group there were now a series of aver
age clothing expenditures for each age. These results were smoothed
to eliminate minor irregularities.
(5) Absolute clothing expenditures at each age were converted to
relatives by dividing the smoothed averages for each sex-occupation
group for each age by the smoothed average expenditure for employed
men aged 21 through 35.
The revised scales developed on this basis are still subject to the
limitations of the nature of the population sampled, but they represent
what seem to be the most definitive scales yet available showing effec-
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
513
tive demand for clothing among families of wage earners and clerical
workers.
The revised scales were used to recode and reclassify the schedules
for unit expenditure2 in order to test the magnitude of the differences
in final results which would have been obtained had the revised scales
been used at the outset. The new distribution of families was not
substantially different from the distribution for which the preliminary
clothing scales were used. Since clothing expenditures represent a
fairly small proportion, ranging from one-eighth to one-tenth of
family expenditures, it will be seen that even a fairly large revision in
the clothing expenditure scales would yield only a. slight change in
total unit expenditure. The nature of the process will be clear from
the sample code sheet, p. 515. Consequently, the distribution of
families by economic level did not shift much with the introduction
of revised relative clothing expenditure scales. Since, upon analysis,
the changes were not found to be important, in all tables in the
Tabular Summary and in the text, the distribution of families by
economic level remains as it was established by the coding based,
among other elements (see sample code sheet, p. 515) on the prelim
inary relative clothing expenditure scales.
The revised clothing scales did, however, produce a more pronounced
change in the item “ average number of clothing-expenditure units per
family,” and correspondingly in the figure “ unit clothing expendi
ture.” 3 The figure for “ average number of clothing-expenditure
units per family,” based on the revised scales is therefore used through
out in the Tabular Summary and in text tables 6 and 8 on pages 31
and 36. Correspondingly the figure “ average number of expenditure
units” 4 per family, whenever it appears in the Tabular Summary or
in a text table, is based, among other elements including food and
“ other” expenditure, upon unit clothing expenditure computed from
the revised relative clothing-expenditure scales.
The item “ average number of clothing expenditure units” or
“ average number of expenditure units” or both, occurs in tables 2, 3,
5, 6, 19, 20, 22, and 23 of the Tabular Summary.
2 B y unit expenditure is meant total amount of family expenditure per expenditure unit. The unit
expenditure, which is used as synonymous with “economic level” and with “amount spent per expenditure
unit,” is the sum of the following three items:
1. Unit food expenditure, or total family food expenditure per food-expenditure unit;
2. Unit clothing expenditure, or total family clothing expenditure per clothing-expenditure
unit;
3. Per capita “other” expenditure, or total family expenditure for all items, save food and
clothing, per person in the economic family for 52 weeks.
3 This figure is not published in the Tabular Summary but the reader may compute it by dividing the
average total family clothing expenditure for any group by the average number of clothing expenditure
units per family in that group. It is shown in text tables 6 and 8, pp. 31 and 36.
4 This figure is derived by dividing total family expenditure by total un it expenditure. The computation
of this latter figure was explained in footnote 2, this page; also see sample code sheet, p. 515.
514
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
The change in “ average number of expenditure units” resulting
from use of the revised scales was much smaller than the change in
“ average number of clothing expenditure units” for the reason dis
cussed in a preceding paragraph on the small change in the distribu
tion of cases according to unit expenditure. Nevertheless the figure
on the revised basis appears in the text and the Tabular Summary
since it is consistent with the revised figure for clothing expenditure
units. The latter figure is published rather than the preliminary figure
since it is believed, after extensive analysis and experimentation, that
it represents a better approximation, based on more complete data
and a more satisfactory summary technique, to a definitive answer to
the question: how does the clothing demand or customary clothing
need of one family of given composition compare with that of another
family of different composition? Lacking any absolute scale of
clothing need, any such scale of clothing expenditure can, at best, only
be an approximation. Nevertheless, the figures set forth on the basis
of the revised scales are presented as the result of considerable study
and experimentation as the most definitive yet available (granted the
assumptions that age, sex, and occupation do create real differences in
the social situation of individuals, which in turn affect their need to
make clothing expenditures as much or more to meet social custom as
for reasons of health). A further reason for presenting the revised
clothing expenditure unit figures is that the figures stand as such inde
pendently of any other figures in the tables. That is, since the pre
liminary figures were used simply as a means to classification of cases
and nowhere in the tabulations as an end product, the presentation of
revised figures for this one item in no way disturbs the usefulness of
the other items not affected by the revision.
Expenditure unit— other items .
Any attempt to compute customary expenditures on items other
than food and clothing for persons of different age, sex, and occupa
tion in the wage-earner and clerical groups would have required
securing data on the expenditures for individuals in greater detail
than seemed practical. It was, therefore, decided to compute expend
iture per adult male equivalent for “ other items” on the assumption
that in actual practice with a given income a family divides the use
of its goods, and its expenditures for all items other than food and
clothing, about equally among the members of the family.
Total expenditure unit .
In finally computing the amount spent per total-expenditure unit
for a given family, three measures of family size were calculated, one
in terms of food-expenditure units (i. e., food relatives), another in
terms of clothing-expenditure units (i. e., clothing relatives), and a
third giving equivalent full-time members of the economic family
515
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
(i. e., a relative of 1.00 for each member in the economic family
for 52 weeks). In computing each of these measures for an individual,
the length of time the individual was dependent on the family funds
was taken into account. This was done by multiplying the appropri
ate relative by the decimal equivalent of a year during which the
person was dependent on family funds.
Expenditures by the given family for food were then divided by the
number of food-expenditure units in the economic family, expenditures
for clothing by the number of clothing-expenditure units in the eco
nomic family, and expenditures for other items by the number of
equivalent full-time persons in the economic family. The number of
dollars spent per total-expenditure unit was secured by adding to
gether the three quotients and this sum was used as a measure of the
economic level of the family. The following sample code sheet shows
the method of coding for a specific family:
F ig u r e
C.
Sample code sheet
City: Pittsburgh.
Persons
Age
Weeks in
economic
family
Occupation
Color: White.
a. Homemaker_____
b. Husband_________
c. Son (widower;___ _
d. D au gh ter___
e. Daughter.....
.......
f . Granddaughter___
Schedule No. 135.
Year ending Feb. 28, 1935.
Persons in
economic
family
Item
b. ________
c _ __ ____
d _________
e _______ .
f _ _ .
Expenditure units ____________________
_ . _do_ _______ ___ ___ _____________
__ _do__ ____________________________
____do________________________________
__ _do__ _ ___________ _____________
do __ _____________________ _____
a
All
T o t a l _________
Food
___________
Family expenditure.. _ __ _______ -_ _
Do
D o_____ Amount spent per exDenditure unit.__ _
D o_____
Total expenditure u n it s _________
0.83
1.00
1.00
.46
.92
.54
45
47
24
18
14
2
Clothing
0. 78
.87
1.13
.64
.77
.38
At home_ _____
Clerical......... .
__ _do________
At school_
_
d o __ ____
At home______
Other
1.00
1.00
1.00
.50
1.00
1.00
52
52
52
26
52
52
Food, clothing,
and other
X X XXX
XXXXX
XXX X X
XX XX X
XX XXX
XXXXX
4. 75
4. 57
5. 50
$793.00
$166. 95
$168. 35
$36.84
$1,044.15
$189.85
$2,005. 50 (E)
$393.64 (U)
X XXX X
X X XX
XX XX
XX Xx
5.09 (E )-K U )
It should be noted that the computation of family size in terms of
expenditure units is based on estimates of customary relative expendi
tures without regard to the adequacy of the goods consumed to meet
physical or psychological needs. These units are not adapted for use
in setting up or in revising ideal or normal budgets. That is, it is
impossible to use these units in calculating the family budget needed
if a child is to be added to the family without disturbing the level
which the family budget was originally prepared to meet, nor may
they be used to determine the subtraction possible if a budget com
puted for a family of given size is to be applied to a family with one
516
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
less child, but without disturbing the standard which the budget was
calculated to purchase. Such additions or subtractions can properly
be made for the purpose indicated with these expenditure units only
if the standard by which the budget was originally computed was in
terms of these same units. Thus, if a budget for a family of given
size has been calculated on the basis of a given number of expenditure
units, using the relatives described in this study, along with some pre
determined sum taken as meeting the needs of an adult man, the
budget may be increased to care for the addition of a person to the
family by use of this series of units. But if the original budget for,
let us say, a family of two adults and two children was calculated on
some other basis, the increase of the total budget by the decimal
equivalent represented by an expenditure unit from this study cor
responding to a child of specified age will not assure the continuance
at the same standard of living of the family when a third child is
added.
The measures used in calculating size of family in expenditure
units in the present study are intended to represent customary
behavior in families where the addition of a child is not as a rule
accompanied by any addition to income, and the family must adapt
its expenditures to meet the new situation. In arriving at the scales
used to measure family size, no adjustments were included for possible
differences in the economy of purchasing for larger as compared with
smaller families.
Adjustm ent fo r contact with families through other member than
chief earner.5
In Boston, Johnstown, Lancaster, Manchester, Philadelphia, Pitts
burgh, Rochester, Scranton, and Springfield a substantial number of
families included in the sample were those of persons whose names had
been drawn from employee lists in the usual manner, but who proved
to be subsidiary rather than chief earners. This method of scheduling
required that the resulting overrepresentation of multiple-earner
families be eliminated by adjustment during the course of tabulation.
Throughout this report all the data for these cities have been adjusted
in accordance with the procedure set forth hereafter. In Buffalo and
Portland, since the ruling of contact only through the chief earner was
followed in scheduling6 the data could be tabulated without
adjustment.
The purpose of the adjustments described in the following para
graphs was to keep the importance of families with more than one earner
in the sample proportionate to the number of two-earner, threeearner, etc., families in the entire wage-earner and clerical groups in
8 The mathematical solution to the problem of weighting to adjust for overrepresentation of multipleearner families in the sample, discussed in this section, was developed by S. W. Wilcox.
6 See appendix D , p. 481.
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
517
these cities. The only available information on the distribution of
families by the number of gainful workers was that contained in the
1930 Census of Population. These data were not used for the deriva
tion of adjustment factors, however, first because the employment
situation had changed drastically since 1930, and secondly because
the data were available only for the population as a whole, whereas
there were strong reasons for believing that the importance of different
earner groups varied with economic level.7 It was, therefore, neces
sary to construct adjustment factors from the data at hand.
The problem was to increase the importance of single-earner families
and decrease the importance of multiple-earner families in the sample
to the same proportions that would have been obtained had only
families contacted through the chief earner been scheduled. The
principle observed was that if it had been possible to draw a truly
random sample from the desired population of families of employed
workers, one-earner families would have had the same chance to be
included as they had in the sample as actually drawn, while twoearner families would have had one-half and three-earner families
one-third the chance to be included which actually obtained when the
sample was chosen from lists of workers.8
7
For example, the census itself showed that 66.0 percent of the families renting their houses, but only 57.6
percent of the families owning their homes had one gainful worker.
s Actually the corrective factor or weight needed with a two-earner family would be slightly different
from one-half and with a three-earner family would be slightly different from one-third, as the following
reasoning will show. To fix our ideas let us choose the three-earner family and let p, the sampling ratio, be
1 to 400 or 0.0025, and let g = l —p = 0.9975. Contact could be made with the family through any single one
of the three earners or through any two of them or through all three if the names should happen to be so
drawn in the process of sampling. The actual probability that contact will be made with the family is
therefore 3pg2+ 3 p 2
(/+p3.
B y adding and subtracting q3 the foregoing expression may be written,
3pq2Jr 3 p 2qJrP 3= q 3+ 3 p 2q-\-3pq2-\-p3—q3
= (q + p )3- q 3
= l - 5 3.
This suggests another way of looking at the matter. There is only one way by which the family will
not be taken, namely, if the first earner’s name is missed and likewise the second and the third. If these
are regarded as independent events the probability that the family will be missed is q3. The probability
that contact will be made is therefore, 1—q3. Both approaches lead to the same result.
To express the result in terms of p instead of in terms of q we put
( l - q 3) = 1 - ( l - p ) 3= 1 - ( l- 3 p + 3 p 2- p 3) = 3 p - 3 p 2+ p 3.
The corrective weighting factor is
1
correct probability______ p
1
1
actual probability 3p—3p2-f p 3 3—3 p + p 2'
1 - P + P2)
3
The correct probability is the probability that the three-earner family would be chosen in a random
sampling of families.
The actual probability is the probability that the three-earner family will be chosen in a random sampling
of names, that is, of names of earners as contained in the employers’ pay-roll lists.
To gain an idea of how the factor thus calculated differs from the practical factor of one-third, let us sub
stitute the value of p=0.0025 as above.
Practical factor,
Theoretical factor,
5
_______1_______
=0.333 333
>0.334 168
3 (i-P
+ip!)
0.334 168
>1.002 504
0.333 33$‘
(Footnote continued on p. 518)
518
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
To accomplish this objective, the data were adjusted by a factor
which took into account three elements: (1) The number of earners in
the family, (2) the total number of families in the sample, and (3) the
distribution of families according to their number of earners at suc
cessive income levels or economic levels, whichever was under con
sideration.
The first element is inherent in the basic problem of the adjustment
of the relative proportions of one-earner and multiple-earner families.
By multiplying the total number of families in the first earner 9 group
by a number in the neighborhood of 1, the total number in the second
earner group by approximately one-half, the total number in the third
earner group by approximately one-third and so on, a number of
families for all the earner groups combined could be obtained which
was corrected for the overrepresentation of multiple-earner families.
The application of the factors symbolized by 1, % % etc., to
,
the number of families, however, would have reduced the num
ber of families in the sample below the number actually scheduled
and necessitated the second element of the adjustment factor. This
element was a constant computed by dividing the actual number of
families scheduled by the reduced number of families obtained as
outlined in the preceding paragraph. This ratio 1 (B on table E)
0
was then multiplied by the factor 1,
% etc. (or in practice the
,
Footnote 8—Continued.
It will be seen that while the practical factor results in a slight overcorrection, the difference is negligible,
so that for a small value of p , the sampling ratio, the practical rule is “divide by the number of earners.”
The general expression is as follows: For a multiple-earner family of n earners the theoretical corrective
weight is
P_______ P
1 -5 "
1 - [1 - P ]»
_______________________V______________________
I", _ , _ ( « - 1 ) „ 0 _ ( n - l ) ( « - 2)_ , ,
1
1— ~li|)+”T T 21’ ” 1 . 2 • 3 P +’ • J
L
_________________V________________________
rn p - n - ^ p t9. (rc-Do-2),------JI
(«-i) W r , r , r P
[
3
__________ 1______________
""
Ti
n ~ l
" L 1- — ^
, (71—1 ) 0 —2 ) ,
2
3
The practical weight, good only for small values of p , is
puted from the form
P
1
V ------ J
The theoretical weight is most easily com-
The more elaborate expression is developed merely to show the resemblance to
the approximate expression
9
In the actual process of tabulation, the schedules were sorted into groups according to the number of
equivalent full-time earners at the quarter nearest the date when the sample was selected. This figure was
the nearest approximation to the exact number of persons in the family on pay rolls at the date of sampling.
Thus families were classified in the first earner group if their number of full-time earners were 1.0 or less; as
in the second earner group if their total number of full-time earners was between 1.1 and 2.0: as in the third
earner group if between 2.1 and 3.0, etc. Thus the first element of the adjustment factor would be the
reciprocal of the average number of earners in a group rather than the simplified l , Vi, etc. Actually the
A
two figures were very close. For purposes of discussion, the simplified figures of
etc., are used.
The introduction of the denominators 1 , 2, 3, etc., takes care of correct adjustment in securing the aver
ages; the use of R adjusts the count of families to the number actually scheduled. The factor R , which
could be canceled out of the formula for the average, is nevertheless preserved for the sake of symmetry, so
that the weights would be the same in the formula for average and the formula for count. (See footnote 12.)
519
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
reciprocal of the average number of earners in each earner group
(see column 4 on table E)) to obtain the adjustment factor for each
earner group. The final adjustment factor is shown in column 6 of
table E.
T able
E.— Derivation of adjustment factors for earner groups
Earner groups1
Average
number of
Number of Number of equivalent
equivalent full-time
families
full-time
earners
scheduled
earners
F
Reduced
number
of families
(3) - -(2)
=
1.0 or less
1.1 to 2.0.
2.1 to 3.0.
3.1 to 4.0.
103
125
18
4
City total
R
a
(2) - -(4)
T
(3)
(3)
( 1)
F
a
E
(4)
(5)
98. 66
209. 75
44. 63
15. 65
0.
1. 6780
2.4794
3.9125
9578 54
107.
74.49
7. 26
250
Final
adjustment
factor 2
1.02
* + ( 4)
( 6)
1. 3715
.7828
.5298
.3358
190. 31
1I. e., number of equivalent full-time earners in family on pay rolls in nearest quarter to date sample was
drawn, by earner groups. A worker employed 13 weeks in the quarter was counted 1.0, and workers em
ployed for shorter periods were counted as appropriate decimals.
2 p footing of column (2) 250
„
footing of column (5) 190.31
Correction for the third element, namely the differing proportions
of multiple-earner families found at differing income levels or differing
economic levels, does not appear in table E, but is in fact operative
when the adjustment factors shown in table E are applied to the
actual data. This can be demonstrated from the illustration of this
procedure in table F. Though the adjustment factor shown in column
(3) of table F is numerically the same for each given earner group in
each income level, and in each economic level, as the case may be, the
procedure followed results in effect in averages or percents which are
weighted by the constant adjustment factor (column 3) multiplied by
the ratio of the varying number of unadjusted families in each earner
group (column 2, line f, k, etc.) to the total number of adjusted families
in the expenditure or income group (column 4, line s).
It can be seen from table F that the weighted average for the
first economic level is
T p ~ X
(1.3715) X 19 + ^ p X (0.7828)X 1 0 + ^ ^ X (0.5298) X 2 j -
t. *
. ., . 78.50 57.00
, 15.40
.
.,
It is apparent that ^ ;—io” ~; and —o— are averages for the succes
sive earner groups, and
53959°— 39-
-34
1.3715X 19
35
0.7828X 10
35
and
0.5298X 2
are
35
520
NORTH
A T L A N T IC REG IO N
the weights. Following the same line of reasoning, the corresponding
weights for the second economic level are
1.3715X 44 0.7828X 9
A n
------ 70-------’ ------ 70------’ etc'
From the fact that *
docs not equal
it is
apparent that the weight for the first earner group varies from level to
level in accordance with the varying proportions of families with differ
ent numbers of earners, at each level. In this respect, the process of
adjustment used is superior to the use of even up-to-date census data,
since the adjustment takes account of the variation in the importance
of families with a given number of earners from economic level to level,
while census data would not have given this information by level.
A very close relationship exists between number of earners and
economic level. The need of adjustment as between proportions of
families having differing numbers of earners consequently implies
the need of adjustment as between proportions of families at different
economic levels. It will be seen from table F that the process of
adjustment, while it maintained the same total number of families
in the entire city sample as were actually scheduled, provided the
necessary adjustment as between economic levels.
Table F shows how, in practice the data from individual schedules
were classified by earner groups within economic levels, the data for
each earner group appropriately adjusted, and the adjusted totals
combined into grand totals and averages for the respective economic
levels.
The unadjusted number of families in the sample is shown in col
umn (2). The final objective was always to obtain the appropriate
total or average for a given economic level (or income level) as a whole
and not for each separate constituent earner group, even though to
obtain this result it was necessary to use different adjustment factors
for the different earner groups comprised within the economic level.
Accordingly the adjusted number of families shown in column (4) is
obtained by multiplying the total unadjusted number of families (col
umn 2, lines f, k, etc.) for each earner group by the appropriate ad
justment factor (column 3) derived in table E. The adjusted aggre
gate expenditure (columns 6, 8, etc.) for each earner group is obtained
in a corresponding manner. The adjustment factor required for a
given earner group is the same regardless of whether the expenditure
item under consideration is the total of all categories of expenditure,
or a given category, such as food or medical care, or a specific item such
as groceries or dental care.
11 See footnote 12. p. 522.
521
A N A L Y T IC A L PRO CEDURE
T able
F.— Illustration of application of adjustment factors to schedule data
Economic level, earner
group, and schedule No.
Unad
justed
number
of fami
lies
Adjust
ment
factor
Adjusted
number
of fami
lies
F M
M -
(2)X (3)
Expenditure for
medical care
Expenditure for
recreation
Unad Adjusted Unad Adjusted
expendi justed
expendi
justed
ture
ture
expendi
expendi
ture
ture
X M
X 'M
(3) X (5)
( 1)
(3)
<»>
(4)
$100 and under $200—
1.0 or less:
Schedule No. 136___
Schedule No. 13.......
Schedule No. 19____
Schedule No. •_____
Schedule No. •_____
1.3715
78. 50
0. 7828
7.8
57.00
15.40
44.62
8.16
0
Total, e a r n e r
group........... .
0.3358
Total for economic
level______________
Average for economic
level______________
35.0
160. 44
4.58
$200 and under $300—
1.0 or less:
T o t a l, e a r n e r
group----------1.1 to 2.0:
T o ta l, ea rn er
group_________
2.1 to 3.0:
E tc_______________
Total for economic
level__________
Average for eco
nomic level____
$107. 66
7.50
7.90
Total, e a r n e r
group________
3.1 to 4.0:
No schedules______
ff
(8)
6.05
4. 30
9.00
Total,
a rn er
group________
2.1 to 3.0:
Schedule No. 49____
Schedule No. 198___
gg
kk
(7)
$5.10
3.50
4.40
Total, e a rn er
group--------1.1 to 2.0:
Schedule No. 65____
Schedule No. 81____
Schedule No. 17____
Schedule No. •_____
Schedule No. •_____
bb
(3)X (7)
( 6)
( 5)
X '
1.3715
60.3
506.91
0.7828
7.0
71.23
0.5298
57
600. 78
8.57
$300 and under $400:
E tc_____________
$400 and under $500:
E tc____ ____ _____
Total for city ___
Average for city..
250
250. 00
5, 577. 50
22.31
522
NORTH ATLANTIC REGION
In order to obtain the average for the entire economic level (lines
t, tt, etc., on table F) the adjusted aggregate (column 6, lines s, ss,
etc.) was divided by the rounded adjusted number of families (column
4, lines s, ss, etc.)1
2
It should be noted that special problems were encountered when the
group of families for which data were being tabulated was a sub
sample of the entire city sample, as those families giving details on
food purchased for one week in a given quarter in Tabular Summary
table 7, or those families of types comparable to those studied in
1917-19 in Tabular Summary, tables 21, 22, and 23. For such sub
samples, separate adjustment factors, appropriate to the number of
families in the subsample, were developed, on the same .principle as
shown in table E.
12
The reader who prefers an algebraic statement of the adjustment procedures followed, is referred to
Bulletin 641, pp. 389-390.
O
@FedFRASER