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Internet address: http://stat.bls.gov/newsrels.htm Technical information USDL 98-167 Employment (202) 606-6559 Unemployment 606-6392 For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Media contact: 606-5902 Wednesday, April 29, 1998 METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT: MARCH 1998 In March, 233 of the 328 metropolitan areas recorded unemployment rates below the U.S. average (5.0 percent, not seasonally adjusted), while 89 areas had higher rates, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The 20 metropolitan areas with the lowest unemployment rates again were in the Midwest and South. More than half of the 20 areas with the highest rates were in California. Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted) Unemployment rates were below 3.5 percent in 106 metropolitan areas in March, while rates of 6.5 percent or higher were reported in 47 areas. The lowest jobless rates were recorded in Columbia, S.C. (1.3 percent), Charlottesville, Va. (1.4 percent), Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, S.C. (1.5 percent), and Bryan-College Station, Tex., and Columbia, Mo. (1.6 percent each). The highest rates were in three California areas--Merced (19.0 percent), Yuba City (18.7 percent), and Visalia-Tulare-Porterville (18.4 percent)--and in Yuma, Ariz. (18.1 percent). (See table 1 and the chart.) More than half of all metropolitan areas experienced over-the-year reductions in their jobless rates that matched or exceeded the 0.5 percentage point decline in the national rate. Compared with March 1997, Steubenville-Weirton, Ohio-W.Va., experienced the largest drop in its unemployment rate (-6.6 percentage points), followed by Florence, S.C. (-3.2 points), and Sumter, S.C. (-3.0 points). Eleven other areas had rate decreases of at least 2.0 percentage points, and 62 additional areas registered declines of 1.0 point or more. The largest over-the-year increases were in Pueblo, Colo. (1.8 percentage points), and Albany, Ga., Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, N.J., and Yuba City, Calif. (each 1.3 points). Four other areas recorded increases of a full percentage point or more. Overall, 256 metropolitan areas reported lower rates than a year earlier, 56 had higher rates, and 16 had no change. Among the 51 largest metropolitan areas--those with a 1990 census population of 1 million or more--41 had rates below the U.S. average in March, while 8 had rates above it. Within this group, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.-Wis. (2.2 percent), again reported the lowest rate, followed by Phoenix-Mesa, Ariz. (2.5 percent), and Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, N.C.-S.C., and Denver, Colo. (each 2.7 percent). The highest rates were in New York, N.Y. (8.2 percent), Miami, Fla. (6.7 percent), and Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif., and Buffalo-Niagara Falls, N.Y. (6.1 percent each). Over the year, unemployment rates for five of these large areas declined by at least 1.0 percentage point, while none had increases larger than 0.4 point. Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted) Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in every state, except Hawaii. Of the 272 metropolitan areas for which March data are available, 263 had over-the-year gains in employment, and 7 had employment losses. Three of the 7 losses occurred within the state of Indiana. The largest percentage increase in total nonfarm payroll employment was reported for Sarasota-Bradenton, Fla. (8.6 percent), followed by Houma, La. (7.0 percent), and McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex. (6.9 percent). The largest absolute employment gains occurred in Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif. (97,200), followed by Dallas, Tex. (92,800), and Houston, Tex. (89,000). Lawton, Okla., reported the largest percentage decrease in employment (-1.6 percent), and Honolulu, Hawaii, had the largest absolute decrease (-3,800). (See table 2.) All 22 metropolitan areas with employment levels of 1 million or more reported over-the-year increases in total nonfarm employment. Within this group, Phoenix, Ariz., had the largest percentage gain (5.8 percent), followed by Dallas, Tex. (5.4 percent). Pittsburgh, Pa., had the smallest percentage gain in this group (0.2 percent). -------------------The Regional and State Employment and Unemployment release for April is scheduled to be issued on May 22. The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment release for April is scheduled to be issued on June 3. Technical Note This release presents labor force and unemployment data from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (table 1) for 328 metropolitan areas. Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (table 2) are provided for over 270 of these areas. State estimates were previously published in the news release, Regional and State Employment and Unemployment, and are republished in this release for ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs are both Federal- State cooperative endeavors. Labor force and unemployment-from the LAUS program Definitions. The labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the Bureau of the Census. The labor force includes both the employed and the unemployed. Employed persons are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the survey reference week (the week including the 12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not working who have a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation. Unemployed persons are those who did not work at all (in the reference week), have actively looked for a job (sometime in the 4-week period ending with the survey reference week), and are currently available for work; persons on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. Method of estimation. Effective January 1996, estimates for all states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area, and New York City are produced using estimating equations based on regression techniques. For all other sub-state areas, estimates are prepared through indirect estimation procedures. Employment estimates, which are based largely on ''place of work'' estimates from the CES program, are adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment estimates are aggregates of persons previously employed in industries covered by state unemployment (UI) laws and entrants to the labor force data from the CPS. The sub-state estimates of employment and unemployment which geographically exhaust the entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure that they add to the independently estimated state totals. A detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request. Annual revisions. Labor force and unemployment data shown for the prior year reflect adjustments made at the end of each year, usually with January estimates. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the Bureau of the Census and any revisions in the other data sources. In addition, data for all states, the District of Columbia, and the two large sub-state areas noted are adjusted annually to equal the CPS annual averages, usually effective with January estimates. All other substate estimates are adjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) state estimates. Employment-from the CES program Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month, except for federal government employment, which represents the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the month. Persons are counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal product or activity in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual. Method of estimation. The employment data are estimated using a "link relative" technique in which a ratio (link relative) of current-month employment to that of the previous month is computed from a sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by these ratios. Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports which are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Reliability of the estimates The estimates presented in this release are based on sample survey and administrative data and thus are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability_that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey data are also subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from the special estimation processes used. The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of rounding. With respect to the LAUS program, unemployment rates are computed, in most instances, from unrounded data rather than from data that may be displayed in the tables; differences, however, are generally insignificant. Labor force and unemployment estimates. Measures of sampling error, in the form of the standard errors for state annual average estimates derived from the CPS, are available in the annual BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment. Error measures cannot be computed for sub-state areas because of the special estimation processes used. Measures of nonsampling error for CPS data are not available, but additional information on the subject is provided in the BLS monthly periodical, Employment and Earnings. Employment estimates. Measures of sampling error are not available for state CES data, but the relatively large size of the samples maintained by the state agencies and the annual adjustment of employment estimates to more recent benchmark levels assure a high degree of accuracy. Information on recent benchmark revisions for states is available upon request. Area definitions. The sub-state area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, dated June 30, 1996. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is published annually in the May issue of Employment and Earnings. Additional information More complete information on the technical procedures used to develop these estimates and additional data appear in Employment and Earnings, which is available by subscription for $35.00 a year from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 (telephone 202-512-1800). Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted labor force and unemployment data for states, census regions and divisions, and two areas are available in the news release, Regional and State Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of labor force and unemployment for all states, metropolitan areas, labor market areas, counties, cities with a population of 25,000 or more, and other areas used in the administration of various federal economic assistance programs are provided in the report, Unemployment in States and Local Areas, which is available monthly in microfiche form by subscription from the U.S. Government Printing Office for $41.00 a year. The order number for a subscription is 029-001-81003-2. These data are also available from the BLS Internet at (http://stats.bls.gov/lauhome.htm). Employment data from the CES program are available at http://stats.bls.gov/790home.htm. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-7828; TDD phone: 202-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577. LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area (numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Number Percent of labor force State and area February March February 1997 1998 1997 March February March 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 Alabama................. Anniston.............. Birmingham............ Decatur............... Dothan................ Florence.............. Gadsden............... Huntsville............ Mobile................ Montgomery............ Tuscaloosa............ 2,156.0 54.9 464.0 72.9 66.5 71.8 50.1 167.9 265.4 160.6 82.5 2,132.2 53.4 465.4 71.1 66.4 70.6 49.8 169.2 264.4 157.8 83.3 2,158.3 54.8 465.5 72.6 66.8 71.2 49.7 169.0 267.3 161.3 82.8 2,133.3 53.4 466.8 71.2 66.3 69.9 49.9 170.1 267.1 158.1 83.9 119.4 3.3 15.9 4.4 3.4 5.1 3.2 5.7 14.7 7.3 3.0 89.4 2.3 12.6 2.9 2.4 5.6 2.1 4.9 9.8 5.2 2.2 99.2 2.7 13.8 3.5 2.9 4.2 2.6 4.8 12.7 6.4 2.6 77.7 2.0 11.2 2.6 1.9 4.5 1.7 4.4 8.5 4.5 1.9 5.5 6.0 3.4 6.0 5.2 7.1 6.4 3.4 5.5 4.5 3.6 4.2 4.4 2.7 4.1 3.6 7.9 4.2 2.9 3.7 3.3 2.7 4.6 4.9 3.0 4.8 4.4 5.9 5.1 2.8 4.8 3.9 3.1 3.6 3.8 2.4 3.6 2.9 6.4 3.4 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.2 Alaska.................. Anchorage............. 311.9 137.7 312.7 139.2 311.3 137.2 312.1 139.3 32.4 9.8 24.9 7.5 29.9 9.4 21.7 6.8 10.4 7.1 8.0 5.4 9.6 6.8 7.0 4.9 Arizona................. Flagstaff............. Phoenix-Mesa.......... Tucson................ Yuma.................. 2,123.1 57.6 1,392.9 354.5 59.0 2,224.5 60.5 1,474.5 366.8 57.5 2,112.9 57.1 1,388.2 353.1 57.5 2,235.0 61.1 1,480.9 367.7 58.1 104.4 5.6 47.4 12.5 12.1 80.9 4.9 36.0 10.1 9.8 89.9 4.4 41.1 10.9 11.2 83.7 4.7 37.2 10.4 10.5 4.9 9.8 3.4 3.5 20.5 3.6 8.1 2.4 2.8 17.1 4.3 7.7 3.0 3.1 19.5 3.7 7.7 2.5 2.8 18.1 Arkansas................ Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers.......... Fort Smith............ Jonesboro............. Little Rock-North Little Rock........ Pine Bluff............ 1,187.1 1,227.0 1,194.7 1,242.3 73.9 73.4 66.5 72.0 6.2 6.0 5.6 5.8 134.3 93.3 39.2 138.9 96.2 41.1 135.2 93.9 39.7 140.6 96.5 41.9 5.1 5.4 1.8 5.3 5.3 1.9 4.5 5.0 1.8 5.4 5.2 1.9 3.8 5.8 4.6 3.8 5.5 4.6 3.3 5.3 4.6 3.8 5.4 4.6 287.5 35.6 297.9 36.2 289.4 35.8 301.3 36.7 12.6 3.0 12.4 3.1 11.3 2.8 12.4 3.1 4.4 8.3 4.2 8.5 3.9 7.7 4.1 8.3 California.............. 15,754.8 16,090.8 15,777.7 16,123.4 Bakersfield........... 277.9 277.9 277.7 276.6 Chico-Paradise........ 84.8 86.6 84.8 86.0 Fresno................ 420.2 428.5 412.6 423.7 Los Angeles-Long Beach 4,435.6 4,573.6 4,433.1 4,589.8 Merced................ 82.8 84.1 82.3 84.0 Modesto............... 195.3 201.5 194.7 200.5 Oakland............... 1,162.5 1,178.8 1,164.1 1,178.7 Orange County......... 1,361.3 1,398.2 1,366.1 1,402.9 Redding............... 72.4 72.7 71.8 72.8 Riverside-San Bernardino......... 1,340.9 1,374.2 1,347.2 1,381.3 Sacramento............ 733.8 744.5 734.4 745.6 Salinas............... 182.3 186.2 181.8 184.0 San Diego............. 1,270.0 1,285.3 1,272.8 1,283.3 San Francisco......... 920.1 926.5 924.0 929.8 San Jose.............. 919.7 950.1 925.5 955.7 San Luis Obispo-AtascaderoPaso Robles........ 103.2 107.5 104.7 107.7 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc....... 195.4 191.6 197.1 193.2 Santa Cruz-Watsonville 141.5 144.1 141.4 145.1 Santa Rosa............ 235.2 240.4 236.8 241.1 Stockton-Lodi......... 241.7 244.2 243.5 246.7 Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa 233.6 240.8 234.8 240.9 Ventura............... 381.2 381.9 382.9 384.3 Visalia-Tulare-Porterville.............. 159.4 159.6 159.6 159.6 Yolo.................. 86.3 85.8 86.6 86.2 Yuba City............. 55.1 57.3 55.5 57.3 1,115.0 38.8 8.5 66.9 330.8 17.1 31.0 53.2 47.6 8.3 1,034.9 38.8 9.1 71.5 283.4 17.1 30.2 49.1 41.5 8.7 1,031.2 39.4 7.9 64.7 305.9 15.5 29.0 48.9 43.6 7.5 975.2 40.2 8.1 70.3 279.2 15.9 28.0 44.5 38.7 7.6 7.1 14.0 10.0 15.9 7.5 20.6 15.9 4.6 3.5 11.5 6.4 14.0 10.5 16.7 6.2 20.4 15.0 4.2 3.0 12.0 6.5 14.2 9.3 15.7 6.9 18.8 14.9 4.2 3.2 10.4 6.0 14.5 9.5 16.6 6.1 19.0 13.9 3.8 2.8 10.5 94.5 44.1 31.0 58.0 30.8 30.9 86.5 42.2 33.1 47.7 28.6 28.6 85.9 39.9 27.2 54.1 29.2 28.4 79.1 37.6 27.9 43.9 26.9 26.4 7.1 6.0 17.0 4.6 3.3 3.4 6.3 5.7 17.8 3.7 3.1 3.0 6.4 5.4 15.0 4.3 3.2 3.1 5.7 5.0 15.1 3.4 2.9 2.8 5.6 4.9 5.1 4.4 5.5 4.6 4.9 4.1 12.3 16.0 10.4 31.4 16.5 24.0 10.8 14.9 10.2 32.2 15.0 21.4 11.1 14.2 9.3 28.2 14.9 21.4 10.3 14.0 8.5 29.2 13.0 18.5 6.3 11.3 4.4 13.0 7.0 6.3 5.6 10.3 4.2 13.2 6.2 5.6 5.6 10.0 3.9 11.6 6.3 5.6 5.3 9.6 3.5 11.8 5.4 4.8 27.7 7.0 10.2 28.7 6.7 11.1 27.7 5.9 9.6 29.4 5.9 10.7 17.4 8.2 18.6 18.0 7.8 19.4 17.3 6.8 17.4 18.4 6.9 18.7 Colorado................ Boulder-Longmont...... Colorado Springs...... Denver................ Fort Collins-Loveland. Grand Junction........ Greeley............... Pueblo................ 2,084.7 159.6 236.3 1,050.1 127.5 54.3 77.1 57.2 2,196.4 170.5 243.7 1,100.6 135.7 57.5 82.1 63.1 2,100.3 161.6 238.3 1,056.5 128.1 55.0 77.7 57.5 2,201.6 169.5 243.2 1,104.3 135.7 58.1 82.5 62.9 78.6 5.0 9.6 34.2 5.0 2.9 3.5 2.9 71.7 4.4 8.9 29.5 4.3 2.6 3.0 4.2 75.3 4.8 9.3 33.0 4.7 2.6 3.4 2.9 71.7 4.4 9.2 29.4 4.3 2.5 3.0 4.2 3.8 3.1 4.1 3.3 3.9 5.4 4.6 5.1 3.3 2.6 3.6 2.7 3.2 4.4 3.6 6.7 3.6 3.0 3.9 3.1 3.6 4.7 4.4 5.0 3.3 2.6 3.8 2.7 3.2 4.3 3.6 6.8 Connecticut............. Bridgeport............ Danbury............... Hartford.............. New Haven-Meriden..... New London-Norwich.... Stamford-Norwalk...... Waterbury............. 1,697.5 217.5 105.5 584.5 270.3 150.5 186.9 116.2 1,693.7 215.0 106.8 576.9 267.1 152.0 191.6 117.5 1,710.4 218.7 106.8 591.3 269.6 150.7 189.4 117.0 1,712.2 217.5 109.1 584.7 267.5 152.9 194.2 118.6 104.3 15.6 4.3 38.3 16.4 9.6 7.2 8.4 74.9 11.1 3.1 26.7 11.3 7.7 5.5 6.1 94.1 14.0 3.9 34.5 14.8 8.5 6.5 7.8 70.7 10.6 3.0 24.9 10.7 7.2 5.2 5.9 6.1 7.2 4.1 6.5 6.1 6.4 3.9 7.2 4.4 5.2 2.9 4.6 4.2 5.0 2.9 5.2 5.5 6.4 3.7 5.8 5.5 5.6 3.4 6.7 4.1 4.9 2.8 4.3 4.0 4.7 2.7 5.0 Delaware................ Dover................. Wilmington-Newark..... 378.1 67.1 287.9 389.0 68.6 294.3 376.3 67.0 285.5 391.7 69.2 295.0 20.2 3.9 16.6 16.2 2.9 13.7 17.8 3.6 14.5 14.5 3.0 11.4 5.3 5.8 5.8 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.7 5.3 5.1 3.7 4.3 3.9 District of Columbia.... Washington............ 256.8 2,475.8 257.7 2,552.5 258.0 2,485.8 259.3 2,560.5 20.6 97.8 24.0 93.5 19.5 90.0 23.6 83.2 8.0 4.0 9.3 3.7 7.6 3.6 9.1 3.2 Florida................. Daytona Beach......... Fort Lauderdale....... Fort Myers-Cape Coral. Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie.............. Fort Walton Beach..... Gainesville........... Jacksonville.......... Lakeland-Winter Haven. Melbourne-TitusvillePalm Bay........... Miami................. Naples................ Ocala................. Orlando............... Panama City........... Pensacola............. Punta Gorda........... Sarasota-Bradenton.... 6,915.4 185.1 728.1 169.4 7,164.8 189.5 754.9 171.1 6,966.7 184.4 733.7 170.7 7,212.5 190.1 760.6 171.9 314.9 7.3 34.2 5.5 311.9 6.9 35.8 5.4 312.1 6.9 34.1 5.5 311.3 6.7 36.9 5.2 4.6 3.9 4.7 3.3 4.4 3.7 4.7 3.2 4.5 3.7 4.7 3.2 4.3 3.5 4.9 3.0 119.5 73.3 98.7 508.6 192.5 121.0 77.2 102.0 531.7 196.9 119.8 75.6 99.4 512.7 192.5 120.8 79.1 102.5 536.9 196.5 9.4 2.8 2.8 18.1 10.1 8.6 3.2 2.8 17.9 9.2 9.0 2.7 2.8 18.1 10.3 8.3 2.8 2.7 18.0 9.3 7.9 3.9 2.8 3.6 5.2 7.1 4.1 2.7 3.4 4.7 7.5 3.6 2.8 3.5 5.3 6.9 3.6 2.7 3.3 4.7 196.7 1,019.4 86.0 91.8 784.0 62.3 163.8 45.3 252.0 202.0 1,031.7 89.1 94.8 822.0 64.2 169.0 46.4 272.2 198.4 1,026.7 86.6 92.4 789.2 64.3 165.2 45.7 255.3 203.0 1,042.2 89.3 94.7 826.4 67.1 170.3 46.4 275.0 9.3 69.9 3.4 4.3 26.1 4.8 7.0 1.9 6.6 8.3 67.1 3.1 4.1 25.3 5.0 7.3 1.9 7.1 9.0 70.5 3.4 4.4 26.1 4.1 6.5 1.8 6.5 8.8 69.6 2.8 3.9 25.0 4.9 7.0 1.6 6.3 4.7 6.9 3.9 4.7 3.3 7.7 4.3 4.2 2.6 4.1 6.5 3.5 4.4 3.1 7.8 4.3 4.1 2.6 4.5 6.9 3.9 4.8 3.3 6.3 3.9 4.0 2.5 4.3 6.7 3.1 4.1 3.0 7.2 4.1 3.4 2.3 Tallahassee........... Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater................ West Palm Beach-Boca Raton.............. 139.6 142.0 140.2 142.7 4.1 4.7 4.1 4.7 3.0 3.3 2.9 3.3 1,103.3 1,152.5 1,112.0 1,159.0 38.0 38.4 37.3 37.7 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.3 470.4 491.1 474.2 493.4 26.3 25.8 26.8 26.0 5.6 5.3 5.6 5.3 Georgia................. Albany................ Athens................ Atlanta............... Augusta-Aiken......... Columbus.............. Macon................. Savannah.............. 3,849.1 56.7 72.1 2,023.4 203.1 120.8 149.9 132.1 3,926.7 57.2 74.5 2,075.5 201.8 121.7 154.0 133.3 3,893.9 57.5 72.9 2,046.2 204.7 122.4 152.7 134.8 3,940.6 57.4 74.2 2,086.4 199.9 121.5 154.1 133.3 186.0 3.5 2.3 78.7 13.6 5.7 6.8 6.9 163.0 3.8 2.2 66.4 11.1 5.2 7.8 5.4 184.4 3.6 2.2 78.3 12.9 5.8 8.0 7.7 157.9 4.3 2.2 65.8 9.2 5.1 7.7 5.3 4.8 6.2 3.1 3.9 6.7 4.7 4.5 5.2 4.2 6.6 3.0 3.2 5.5 4.3 5.1 4.0 4.7 6.2 3.1 3.8 6.3 4.7 5.3 5.7 4.0 7.5 3.0 3.2 4.6 4.2 5.0 4.0 Hawaii.................. Honolulu.............. 590.9 425.4 591.8 425.6 590.3 425.0 591.4 424.9 38.1 22.8 33.1 20.1 37.5 22.6 32.8 19.6 6.4 5.4 5.6 4.7 6.4 5.3 5.5 4.6 Idaho................... Boise City............ Pocatello............. 620.9 210.9 39.1 635.2 216.9 40.7 622.1 210.8 39.3 638.7 216.8 41.0 42.2 10.0 2.4 40.6 9.0 2.4 40.4 8.6 2.3 39.8 8.6 2.2 6.8 4.7 6.1 6.4 4.2 5.8 6.5 4.1 5.9 6.2 3.9 5.4 Illinois................ Bloomington-Normal.... Champaign-Urbana...... Chicago............... Davenport-Moline-Rock Island............. Decatur............... Kankakee.............. Peoria-Pekin.......... Rockford.............. Springfield........... 6,056.3 80.7 93.3 4,028.8 6,125.4 82.9 93.8 4,079.9 6,073.9 80.3 94.2 4,036.9 6,145.9 83.3 94.9 4,094.7 330.3 2.6 3.2 206.7 317.0 2.5 2.9 199.1 310.4 2.3 2.8 198.2 296.5 2.4 3.1 185.6 5.5 3.2 3.4 5.1 5.2 3.1 3.1 4.9 5.1 2.9 3.0 4.9 4.8 2.9 3.3 4.5 181.5 58.1 50.9 177.6 192.7 104.3 185.5 57.2 51.3 180.9 195.3 105.7 182.1 57.9 51.2 178.6 193.1 104.4 186.1 57.5 51.6 181.6 195.7 106.0 8.7 4.8 3.5 10.2 9.6 5.3 7.6 3.7 3.5 8.2 10.0 4.9 7.9 4.4 3.3 9.0 9.0 4.7 7.0 3.4 3.4 7.7 9.3 4.8 4.8 8.2 6.9 5.7 5.0 5.1 4.1 6.4 6.8 4.5 5.1 4.7 4.4 7.6 6.5 5.0 4.7 4.5 3.8 5.9 6.5 4.2 4.7 4.5 Indiana................. Bloomington........... Elkhart-Goshen........ Evansville-Henderson.. Fort Wayne............ Gary.................. Indianapolis.......... Kokomo................ Lafayette............. Muncie................ South Bend............ 3,022.9 61.7 91.8 154.3 258.6 297.9 807.2 50.6 89.2 63.0 133.4 3,065.6 62.2 91.8 155.7 263.2 300.2 830.4 51.2 90.7 62.9 135.5 3,050.8 61.5 93.4 155.8 260.6 299.4 814.5 50.9 88.8 63.3 134.8 3,107.5 62.5 93.1 156.5 267.0 303.2 842.2 51.8 91.3 63.6 137.0 117.5 1.6 3.2 7.2 8.0 13.3 23.9 1.8 2.5 2.8 4.9 113.5 1.6 2.8 6.3 8.1 13.5 23.8 1.8 2.4 3.0 4.8 117.1 1.5 3.1 7.4 8.3 12.9 23.8 1.8 2.4 2.6 4.9 116.7 1.6 2.7 6.3 8.5 14.6 24.5 1.9 2.5 3.1 4.7 3.9 2.5 3.4 4.7 3.1 4.5 3.0 3.5 2.8 4.4 3.6 3.7 2.6 3.0 4.0 3.1 4.5 2.9 3.5 2.7 4.8 3.5 3.8 2.5 3.3 4.8 3.2 4.3 2.9 3.5 2.7 4.1 3.6 3.8 2.6 2.9 4.0 3.2 4.8 2.9 3.6 2.8 4.9 3.4 Terre Haute........... 71.9 71.6 72.4 72.0 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.5 6.4 6.0 6.3 6.2 Iowa.................... Cedar Rapids.......... Des Moines............ Dubuque............... Iowa City............. Sioux City............ Waterloo-Cedar Falls.. 1,570.4 108.8 253.6 50.1 64.4 65.0 69.4 1,577.6 112.5 254.4 50.7 66.0 65.6 70.4 1,576.7 109.0 254.2 49.7 65.7 65.2 69.4 1,579.6 112.6 255.0 50.5 66.1 65.3 70.7 70.3 3.8 8.5 2.8 1.9 2.8 3.3 51.3 2.6 6.2 2.0 1.4 2.0 2.6 66.8 3.8 8.1 2.6 1.8 2.9 3.2 49.9 2.5 6.3 1.9 1.4 2.0 2.5 4.5 3.5 3.4 5.7 2.9 4.3 4.8 3.3 2.3 2.4 3.9 2.1 3.1 3.7 4.2 3.4 3.2 5.2 2.7 4.4 4.6 3.2 2.2 2.5 3.8 2.1 3.0 3.5 Kansas.................. Lawrence.............. Topeka................ Wichita............... 1,335.2 51.5 88.7 267.0 1,396.9 55.5 89.3 283.9 1,340.7 52.6 88.4 268.4 1,402.1 56.0 89.3 283.8 59.1 2.4 5.0 10.2 52.6 2.2 4.1 8.7 52.7 2.2 4.2 9.3 50.0 2.2 4.1 7.8 4.4 4.6 5.6 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.6 3.1 3.9 4.1 4.8 3.5 3.6 3.9 4.6 2.8 Kentucky................ Lexington............. Louisville............ Owensboro............. 1,883.4 243.8 532.6 48.9 1,904.1 253.9 547.3 49.2 1,890.4 245.3 535.3 48.9 1,919.0 254.9 553.3 49.8 127.2 7.6 26.6 3.6 92.2 5.5 18.9 2.1 110.8 6.6 22.8 3.3 87.5 5.3 18.1 2.1 6.8 3.1 5.0 7.4 4.8 2.2 3.5 4.3 5.9 2.7 4.3 6.7 4.6 2.1 3.3 4.3 Louisiana............... Alexandria............ Baton Rouge........... Houma................. Lafayette............. Lake Charles.......... Monroe................ New Orleans........... Shreveport-Bossier City............... 1,981.2 57.7 284.3 85.3 168.9 89.6 68.9 606.1 2,007.2 58.2 290.7 90.7 175.8 89.7 69.5 610.3 2,008.5 58.3 289.0 86.6 171.6 91.2 70.0 613.6 2,023.7 58.6 294.0 91.4 177.5 90.7 70.0 613.2 122.4 3.6 14.2 3.3 9.1 5.3 4.4 32.3 87.1 2.4 10.2 2.2 7.7 3.5 3.0 21.9 121.8 3.6 13.9 3.4 8.8 5.5 4.5 32.1 90.7 2.5 10.3 2.4 8.0 3.7 3.1 23.3 6.2 6.3 5.0 3.8 5.4 5.9 6.4 5.3 4.3 4.1 3.5 2.4 4.4 3.9 4.4 3.6 6.1 6.1 4.8 3.9 5.1 6.0 6.4 5.2 4.5 4.2 3.5 2.6 4.5 4.1 4.4 3.8 181.3 184.7 183.4 187.5 12.0 8.8 12.0 9.3 6.6 4.8 6.6 5.0 Maine................... Bangor................ Lewiston-Auburn....... Portland.............. 650.3 50.0 51.5 130.5 645.6 51.0 51.4 131.8 655.9 49.3 51.7 131.7 649.0 50.8 51.5 132.9 44.4 2.5 3.8 4.4 38.8 2.2 3.2 4.2 43.8 2.5 3.8 4.4 35.6 2.0 2.8 3.7 6.8 4.9 7.3 3.4 6.0 4.3 6.3 3.2 6.7 5.2 7.3 3.4 5.5 3.9 5.4 2.8 Maryland................ Baltimore............. Cumberland............ Hagerstown............ 2,755.9 1,306.0 46.0 69.6 2,763.0 1,303.9 46.2 71.6 2,764.0 1,308.6 45.6 69.9 2,764.9 1,306.8 46.2 72.1 152.5 77.2 5.1 4.4 146.4 72.5 4.3 4.1 142.1 73.3 4.4 4.0 128.3 66.6 3.8 3.7 5.5 5.9 11.0 6.3 5.3 5.6 9.3 5.7 5.1 5.6 9.6 5.8 4.6 5.1 8.2 5.1 Massachusetts........... Barnstable-Yarmouth... Boston................ Brockton.............. Fitchburg-Leominster.. 3,211.9 65.8 1,788.5 130.4 68.3 3,226.5 66.8 1,793.6 131.2 69.5 3,236.1 66.9 1,800.3 131.4 69.5 3,247.9 67.7 1,804.1 131.7 70.7 146.2 5.3 65.1 6.7 3.6 124.4 4.6 54.8 5.5 3.0 147.8 5.1 66.4 6.8 3.7 136.5 4.8 60.2 6.1 3.3 4.6 8.0 3.6 5.1 5.2 3.9 6.9 3.1 4.2 4.3 4.6 7.6 3.7 5.2 5.3 4.2 7.1 3.3 4.7 4.6 Lawrence.............. Lowell................ New Bedford........... Pittsfield............ Springfield........... Worcester............. 193.5 159.4 81.6 39.5 282.0 247.2 195.6 165.6 81.7 39.3 284.7 247.9 195.4 161.0 82.1 39.8 283.8 249.1 197.8 166.7 82.3 39.6 286.4 249.2 10.7 6.8 8.0 2.7 13.5 10.3 8.7 5.8 6.9 2.1 12.6 9.0 10.4 6.9 7.6 2.8 13.6 10.5 9.5 6.4 7.4 2.3 13.9 10.0 5.5 4.3 9.8 6.8 4.8 4.2 4.4 3.5 8.5 5.4 4.4 3.6 5.3 4.3 9.2 7.0 4.8 4.2 4.8 3.9 9.0 5.9 4.9 4.0 Michigan................ Ann Arbor............. Benton Harbor......... Detroit............... Flint................. Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland.............. Jackson............... Kalamazoo-Battle Creek Lansing-East Lansing.. Saginaw-Bay City-Midland....... 4,919.3 289.4 82.2 2,205.9 204.3 5,000.2 295.7 82.1 2,246.6 204.6 4,940.8 290.1 82.9 2,217.4 204.8 5,010.3 294.7 82.7 2,252.2 205.1 249.7 9.0 5.2 95.6 12.4 231.7 7.6 4.3 88.8 11.5 241.4 8.6 4.9 92.4 12.2 221.8 7.3 4.3 84.2 10.8 5.1 3.1 6.4 4.3 6.1 4.6 2.6 5.3 4.0 5.6 4.9 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.0 4.4 2.5 5.2 3.7 5.3 572.3 75.5 228.8 243.3 588.0 76.0 230.1 246.5 575.2 75.9 229.2 243.5 589.6 76.2 231.1 245.3 23.2 3.9 10.5 8.7 20.8 3.6 9.5 10.7 21.6 3.8 10.2 8.3 20.3 3.3 9.2 9.1 4.0 5.2 4.6 3.6 3.5 4.8 4.1 4.3 3.7 5.1 4.4 3.4 3.4 4.3 4.0 3.7 197.5 200.4 198.7 200.6 11.4 10.8 11.0 10.5 5.8 5.4 5.6 5.2 Minnesota............... Duluth-Superior....... Minneapolis-St.Paul... Rochester............. St. Cloud............. 2,558.0 120.8 1,596.4 64.1 91.5 2,638.1 123.4 1,654.8 67.2 94.0 2,572.2 121.2 1,608.1 64.7 91.7 2,656.3 124.2 1,668.4 67.7 93.9 101.1 7.1 44.9 1.8 5.2 81.2 5.8 36.2 1.3 3.9 97.0 7.1 43.3 1.6 4.8 84.1 6.1 37.1 1.3 3.9 4.0 5.8 2.8 2.7 5.7 3.1 4.7 2.2 1.9 4.2 3.8 5.9 2.7 2.5 5.2 3.2 4.9 2.2 1.9 4.1 Mississippi............. Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula.............. Hattiesburg........... Jackson............... 1,253.5 1,278.1 1,254.7 1,286.2 75.5 69.3 74.0 74.5 6.0 5.4 5.9 5.8 159.9 50.0 218.3 162.6 51.9 226.6 159.4 50.1 218.9 163.8 52.2 228.6 8.1 1.5 7.6 6.0 1.5 7.3 8.5 1.6 7.7 6.4 2.0 7.8 5.0 3.1 3.5 3.7 2.9 3.2 5.3 3.1 3.5 3.9 3.8 3.4 Missouri................ Columbia.............. Joplin................ Kansas City........... St. Joseph............ St. Louis LMA......... Springfield........... 2,865.1 80.3 80.8 945.0 49.1 1,339.0 167.5 2,881.0 79.8 80.3 985.8 49.3 1,345.6 170.7 2,868.0 80.3 80.6 946.8 49.0 1,340.5 165.8 2,870.7 79.6 79.8 982.9 49.3 1,339.9 167.9 144.0 1.5 3.4 37.7 3.2 59.3 6.8 130.6 1.3 3.0 36.3 2.8 58.0 5.9 130.7 1.3 3.2 34.5 2.8 55.2 6.3 126.0 1.3 3.0 35.1 2.8 56.4 5.6 5.0 1.8 4.2 4.0 6.5 4.4 4.1 4.5 1.7 3.8 3.7 5.7 4.3 3.5 4.6 1.7 4.0 3.6 5.7 4.1 3.8 4.4 1.6 3.7 3.6 5.6 4.2 3.3 Montana................. Billings.............. Great Falls........... 445.1 68.2 37.5 458.4 70.3 37.6 448.1 68.1 37.5 459.7 70.2 37.5 28.6 3.5 2.3 29.7 3.4 2.3 28.1 3.4 2.2 28.9 3.6 2.2 6.4 5.1 6.2 6.5 4.9 6.0 6.3 5.0 6.0 6.3 5.1 5.9 Nebraska................ 889.9 916.9 890.9 919.4 30.0 20.7 26.8 21.2 3.4 2.3 3.0 2.3 Lincoln............... Omaha................. 139.4 377.8 142.1 396.2 140.2 379.4 141.3 393.7 3.8 12.5 2.3 8.9 3.5 11.3 2.4 9.0 2.7 3.3 1.6 2.3 2.5 3.0 1.7 2.3 Nevada.................. Las Vegas............. Reno.................. 864.3 653.6 167.1 907.5 686.7 173.3 864.6 652.8 167.5 902.3 684.3 172.1 38.6 28.1 7.7 42.4 28.9 8.3 33.8 25.0 6.2 39.2 27.7 7.0 4.5 4.3 4.6 4.7 4.2 4.8 3.9 3.8 3.7 4.3 4.1 4.1 New Hampshire........... Manchester............ Nashua................ Portsmouth-Rochester.. 626.9 99.0 97.9 119.7 645.7 101.8 103.3 121.5 631.2 99.6 98.8 120.7 648.7 102.6 104.0 122.3 23.3 3.2 3.2 4.1 20.3 2.7 2.8 3.3 21.3 2.9 2.8 3.7 21.4 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.4 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.3 2.8 2.8 2.7 New Jersey.............. Atlantic-Cape May..... Bergen-Passaic........ Jersey City........... Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon............ Monmouth-Ocean........ Newark................ Trenton............... Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton............ 4,155.2 168.2 672.9 285.5 4,153.0 169.5 670.6 281.2 4,172.9 169.0 676.6 285.8 4,171.3 170.8 675.3 281.4 237.4 17.8 38.3 23.3 224.5 18.9 33.8 22.5 226.0 16.5 36.9 22.6 219.3 18.3 33.3 22.5 5.7 10.6 5.7 8.2 5.4 11.1 5.0 8.0 5.4 9.7 5.5 7.9 5.3 10.7 4.9 8.0 630.7 505.9 1,018.2 170.6 645.0 504.3 1,019.2 168.7 632.9 510.9 1,021.2 171.9 646.9 509.1 1,021.7 169.5 24.5 28.5 55.9 8.7 23.8 27.2 51.7 8.1 23.3 26.7 54.6 8.1 23.2 25.8 50.6 7.8 3.9 5.6 5.5 5.1 3.7 5.4 5.1 4.8 3.7 5.2 5.3 4.7 3.6 5.1 5.0 4.6 64.8 66.3 65.1 66.3 6.6 7.0 6.2 7.2 10.2 10.6 9.5 10.8 New Mexico.............. Albuquerque........... Las Cruces............ Santa Fe.............. 804.1 350.6 65.0 73.1 833.1 365.1 67.9 75.1 809.9 351.5 65.8 73.7 840.4 366.7 68.9 75.5 53.1 14.6 6.5 3.0 51.2 14.9 6.6 2.6 52.9 14.6 6.5 2.9 54.3 16.2 6.7 2.6 6.6 4.2 10.0 4.0 6.1 4.1 9.7 3.4 6.5 4.1 9.9 3.9 6.5 4.4 9.7 3.5 New York................ Albany-Schenectady-Troy................. Binghamton............ Buffalo-Niagara Falls. Dutchess County....... Elmira................ Glens Falls........... Jamestown............. Nassau-Suffolk........ New York.............. New York City...... Newburgh.............. Rochester............. Syracuse.............. Utica-Rome............ 8,727.8 8,760.4 8,782.4 8,773.5 622.4 591.7 611.4 570.9 7.1 6.8 7.0 6.5 449.2 123.4 576.0 118.0 44.1 60.4 67.8 1,359.7 4,006.6 3,378.7 170.1 568.7 363.3 141.0 451.4 126.2 579.1 118.4 44.5 60.5 67.6 1,380.3 4,004.3 3,370.4 169.6 569.6 364.1 142.8 451.4 123.4 577.2 118.7 44.3 59.5 67.8 1,371.8 4,042.2 3,410.4 170.2 569.2 364.3 141.1 450.4 126.3 578.2 118.5 44.4 59.9 67.5 1,389.5 4,013.0 3,377.2 169.4 568.9 362.9 142.0 21.9 6.4 34.4 5.7 2.1 5.1 4.4 56.8 369.6 343.7 8.2 26.2 20.3 8.7 22.2 6.6 37.0 5.1 2.3 5.0 4.5 55.3 335.2 310.1 7.7 27.8 19.6 9.1 20.8 6.0 32.8 5.3 2.0 5.0 4.1 52.2 372.1 348.4 7.9 24.9 18.8 8.4 20.6 6.3 35.1 4.6 2.3 4.9 4.1 51.3 327.5 304.6 7.2 26.5 18.9 8.5 4.9 5.2 6.0 4.8 4.7 8.4 6.4 4.2 9.2 10.2 4.9 4.6 5.6 6.1 4.9 5.2 6.4 4.3 5.3 8.3 6.6 4.0 8.4 9.2 4.5 4.9 5.4 6.4 4.6 4.9 5.7 4.5 4.5 8.3 6.1 3.8 9.2 10.2 4.6 4.4 5.2 5.9 4.6 5.0 6.1 3.9 5.1 8.2 6.1 3.7 8.2 9.0 4.3 4.7 5.2 6.0 North Carolina.......... Asheville............. Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill............ Fayetteville.......... Goldsboro............. Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point..... Greenville............ Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir................ Jacksonville.......... Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill............... Rocky Mount........... Wilmington............ 3,793.8 110.1 3,800.0 110.7 3,808.7 110.4 3,806.8 110.9 156.6 3.8 156.5 3.8 134.4 3.3 144.6 3.5 4.1 3.4 4.1 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.8 3.2 739.3 112.1 46.7 748.0 114.4 48.3 746.7 112.1 46.8 748.2 114.9 48.5 24.0 5.0 1.8 21.4 4.9 2.1 21.8 4.2 1.6 20.5 4.8 2.1 3.3 4.5 4.0 2.9 4.3 4.4 2.9 3.7 3.4 2.7 4.2 4.2 637.1 64.2 637.7 65.0 641.7 64.2 635.8 66.4 20.2 3.0 20.4 2.9 18.3 2.8 19.0 2.9 3.2 4.7 3.2 4.5 2.9 4.3 3.0 4.4 175.5 44.2 171.9 45.2 175.8 44.1 171.3 45.3 6.0 1.6 5.7 2.0 5.2 1.4 5.6 1.9 3.4 3.7 3.3 4.5 2.9 3.1 3.2 4.1 597.3 72.2 107.1 615.6 67.6 106.1 601.5 71.2 107.9 615.3 69.6 106.5 12.4 5.8 4.7 12.6 5.0 6.0 11.2 5.1 3.9 11.4 5.4 5.1 2.1 8.0 4.4 2.0 7.3 5.7 1.9 7.2 3.6 1.9 7.8 4.8 North Dakota............ Bismarck.............. Fargo-Moorhead........ Grand Forks........... 338.4 53.0 99.4 53.6 336.8 52.7 102.5 53.8 340.4 53.3 100.3 53.9 338.6 53.0 102.9 53.9 10.4 1.8 2.3 1.7 7.3 1.2 1.6 1.3 11.0 1.9 2.3 1.8 9.2 1.5 1.9 1.4 3.1 3.3 2.3 3.2 2.2 2.3 1.6 2.4 3.2 3.6 2.3 3.3 2.7 2.9 1.8 2.6 Ohio.................... Akron................. Canton-Massillon...... Cincinnati............ Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria................. Columbus.............. Dayton-Springfield.... Hamilton-Middletown... Lima.................. Mansfield............. Steubenville-Weirton.. Toledo................ Youngstown-Warren..... 5,585.6 358.7 199.6 816.2 5,707.0 364.2 204.1 839.1 5,611.0 358.8 200.2 820.8 5,744.7 367.2 205.4 847.0 317.2 19.3 12.2 37.9 272.3 17.0 10.1 30.6 290.5 17.9 11.5 33.3 270.1 17.0 10.0 29.7 5.7 5.4 6.1 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.9 3.6 5.2 5.0 5.7 4.1 4.7 4.6 4.8 3.5 1,091.4 784.2 470.2 171.6 73.3 81.9 57.4 311.1 280.3 1,119.2 811.4 476.8 175.2 75.4 82.9 56.1 314.8 286.5 1,095.2 788.2 471.5 172.4 73.6 82.0 58.0 312.4 282.2 1,126.2 816.2 479.3 176.2 75.7 83.1 56.8 315.9 289.3 65.8 26.9 22.7 6.9 4.4 5.3 7.6 17.1 19.3 55.5 23.5 18.7 6.6 3.6 4.8 3.8 15.8 17.4 60.5 25.0 20.5 6.4 4.0 5.2 7.9 15.5 18.0 55.7 23.9 18.6 6.5 3.7 4.9 4.0 15.4 17.5 6.0 3.4 4.8 4.0 6.0 6.5 13.2 5.5 6.9 5.0 2.9 3.9 3.7 4.8 5.8 6.8 5.0 6.1 5.5 3.2 4.3 3.7 5.5 6.3 13.7 5.0 6.4 4.9 2.9 3.9 3.7 4.9 5.9 7.1 4.9 6.0 Oklahoma................ Enid.................. Lawton................ Oklahoma City......... Tulsa................. 1,581.6 27.4 40.8 520.6 393.7 1,600.6 28.5 39.6 524.1 403.3 1,592.3 27.5 41.1 523.1 394.9 1,612.6 28.6 39.9 529.8 406.2 75.5 1.0 2.4 19.2 15.4 65.3 0.9 1.9 17.2 12.9 68.4 0.9 2.1 17.1 14.3 57.2 0.9 1.7 15.3 11.0 4.8 3.5 5.8 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.3 4.9 3.3 3.2 4.3 3.2 5.2 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.0 4.2 2.9 2.7 Oregon.................. Eugene-Springfield.... Medford-Ashland....... 1,683.1 155.3 84.8 1,752.0 160.1 87.8 1,698.4 156.4 85.4 1,767.0 161.4 87.8 125.4 11.3 8.6 103.2 9.4 6.9 122.9 11.0 8.4 102.5 9.3 6.8 7.4 7.3 10.2 5.9 5.8 7.8 7.2 7.0 9.9 5.8 5.7 7.8 Portland-Vancouver.... Salem................. 996.7 158.3 1,044.5 162.6 1,003.9 160.1 1,054.0 163.1 51.8 11.4 42.4 9.6 50.6 11.6 42.9 9.4 5.2 7.2 4.1 5.9 5.0 7.2 4.1 5.7 Pennsylvania............ Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton.............. Altoona............... Erie.................. Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle............. Johnstown............. Lancaster............. Philadelphia.......... Pittsburgh............ Reading............... Scranton-Wilkes-BarreHazelton........... Sharon................ State College......... Williamsport.......... York.................. 5,896.9 5,901.7 5,923.1 5,925.5 345.2 308.1 337.9 302.1 5.9 5.2 5.7 5.1 306.6 62.2 139.7 306.3 62.5 139.0 307.0 61.8 139.6 306.2 62.8 138.6 17.5 4.0 9.4 15.1 3.5 8.3 16.9 3.8 9.4 14.9 3.5 8.0 5.7 6.5 6.8 4.9 5.6 6.0 5.5 6.1 6.7 4.9 5.5 5.8 344.1 106.4 233.9 2,471.4 1,145.3 180.9 347.1 105.0 241.0 2,454.5 1,141.1 183.0 345.5 106.8 236.8 2,481.5 1,150.5 182.8 349.8 105.0 243.9 2,463.2 1,145.6 184.2 12.2 10.1 7.5 127.6 65.6 8.4 11.9 8.4 7.8 114.5 60.8 7.9 12.3 10.0 7.2 124.9 63.9 8.6 12.1 8.2 7.5 111.2 60.6 8.2 3.5 9.5 3.2 5.2 5.7 4.6 3.4 8.0 3.2 4.7 5.3 4.3 3.6 9.3 3.0 5.0 5.6 4.7 3.5 7.9 3.1 4.5 5.3 4.5 312.1 55.5 65.4 57.0 192.3 310.1 55.8 67.2 58.0 193.9 313.3 55.3 65.3 57.4 192.3 310.1 56.3 67.5 57.9 194.1 25.8 3.2 2.4 4.4 8.9 22.9 2.7 2.2 4.3 7.6 25.0 3.8 2.4 4.2 8.8 21.7 2.7 2.2 3.9 7.6 8.3 5.8 3.7 7.7 4.6 7.4 4.9 3.3 7.4 3.9 8.0 6.8 3.6 7.2 4.6 7.0 4.8 3.2 6.7 3.9 Rhode Island............ Providence-Fall River-Warwick...... 501.1 506.5 496.0 502.3 33.1 30.9 29.7 27.8 6.6 6.1 6.0 5.5 575.3 579.3 571.2 576.3 39.6 35.6 36.6 33.8 6.9 6.1 6.4 5.9 South Carolina.......... Charleston-North Charleston......... Columbia.............. Florence.............. Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson......... Myrtle Beach.......... Sumter................ 1,880.3 1,889.0 1,906.8 1,897.4 108.7 72.8 96.6 44.6 5.8 3.9 5.1 2.4 247.0 266.7 63.9 252.2 268.6 62.3 251.0 270.1 64.5 255.7 272.0 62.0 12.7 9.0 4.4 7.2 5.7 2.8 11.8 8.3 4.0 4.7 3.6 1.9 5.1 3.4 6.9 2.8 2.1 4.5 4.7 3.1 6.2 1.8 1.3 3.0 475.7 93.0 46.0 477.5 94.5 46.4 481.4 96.1 46.7 483.1 97.4 46.2 19.0 8.2 3.0 11.9 5.6 2.1 17.4 5.1 2.8 7.3 2.6 1.4 4.0 8.8 6.4 2.5 5.9 4.5 3.6 5.3 6.0 1.5 2.7 3.0 South Dakota............ Rapid City............ Sioux Falls........... 380.8 44.3 94.6 387.9 45.7 100.2 384.7 45.0 96.0 392.5 45.7 101.5 14.9 1.8 2.5 12.6 1.4 2.0 14.8 1.8 2.4 12.9 1.4 2.0 3.9 4.1 2.6 3.2 3.1 2.0 3.8 3.9 2.5 3.3 3.0 1.9 Tennessee............... Chattanooga........... Clarksville-Hopkinsville................ Jackson............... Johnson 2,652.6 219.1 2,737.4 223.4 2,660.7 219.7 2,757.7 225.7 154.7 11.4 128.3 9.6 147.0 10.6 130.5 9.8 5.8 5.2 4.7 4.3 5.5 4.8 4.7 4.3 78.7 54.0 81.8 56.3 79.3 54.2 82.5 56.8 3.7 2.9 3.1 2.0 3.5 2.7 3.1 2.1 4.6 5.4 3.8 3.5 4.4 5.0 3.7 3.7 City-Kingsport-Bristol............... Knoxville............. Memphis............... Nashville............. 223.2 329.0 519.9 599.6 232.3 338.4 535.3 630.8 223.8 328.9 522.8 601.5 233.2 341.4 540.7 634.2 11.7 19.4 23.5 20.9 11.0 15.4 21.0 17.7 10.7 17.8 22.9 20.7 10.9 14.9 21.9 18.8 5.2 5.9 4.5 3.5 4.7 4.6 3.9 2.8 4.8 5.4 4.4 3.4 4.7 4.4 4.1 3.0 Texas................... Abilene............... Amarillo.............. Austin-San Marcos..... Beaumont-Port Arthur.. Brazoria.............. Brownsville-HarlingenSan Benito......... Bryan-College Station. Corpus Christi........ Dallas................ El Paso............... Fort Worth-Arlington.. Galveston-Texas City.. Houston............... Killeen-Temple........ Laredo................ Longview-Marshall..... Lubbock............... McAllen-Edinburg-Mission................ Odessa-Midland........ San Angelo............ San Antonio........... Sherman-Denison....... Texarkana............. Tyler................. Victoria.............. Waco.................. Wichita Falls......... 9,715.7 59.7 109.4 639.2 178.9 104.8 9,924.5 60.0 110.5 659.8 179.8 105.5 9,750.1 60.1 109.8 641.2 179.2 105.3 9,974.7 60.4 111.3 663.8 180.6 104.9 568.2 2.6 4.8 21.0 14.4 7.8 481.1 2.0 3.9 17.4 12.5 6.4 535.6 2.7 4.5 20.1 14.9 7.4 457.9 2.0 3.8 16.4 12.2 6.0 5.8 4.4 4.4 3.3 8.0 7.4 4.8 3.4 3.6 2.6 6.9 6.0 5.5 4.5 4.1 3.1 8.3 7.0 4.6 3.3 3.4 2.5 6.8 5.7 125.0 70.1 177.2 1,763.8 286.5 826.8 122.9 2,019.1 112.2 69.7 102.2 120.4 127.3 71.7 175.4 1,839.8 285.8 849.8 123.1 2,066.1 113.6 70.3 103.0 122.7 124.8 70.7 177.7 1,771.6 286.4 833.2 123.4 2,027.3 112.4 69.6 102.4 121.1 128.4 72.3 175.8 1,844.1 287.1 854.6 123.1 2,082.2 113.8 70.3 102.9 123.5 16.2 1.7 15.2 70.8 34.4 33.8 10.4 109.4 6.0 8.6 8.1 4.6 16.3 1.2 11.3 60.0 29.0 28.4 8.1 85.1 5.2 6.7 7.0 4.3 15.1 1.5 14.7 67.0 32.6 30.7 10.2 105.5 5.9 8.1 7.7 4.7 15.4 1.1 10.5 57.2 27.3 26.9 7.8 81.6 4.8 6.6 6.6 4.1 12.9 2.4 8.6 4.0 12.0 4.1 8.5 5.4 5.3 12.3 7.9 3.8 12.8 1.7 6.4 3.3 10.1 3.3 6.6 4.1 4.5 9.5 6.8 3.5 12.1 2.1 8.3 3.8 11.4 3.7 8.3 5.2 5.3 11.6 7.5 3.9 12.0 1.6 6.0 3.1 9.5 3.1 6.3 3.9 4.2 9.4 6.4 3.3 195.7 120.8 51.2 729.3 49.7 56.2 87.2 42.4 98.7 64.9 201.2 124.3 50.6 744.7 49.8 57.2 89.0 42.7 100.7 65.7 191.9 121.4 51.2 735.5 50.0 56.3 87.6 42.5 99.0 65.1 198.8 125.2 50.9 753.2 49.8 57.2 89.3 43.0 101.0 65.7 41.2 6.9 1.8 30.1 2.5 4.6 5.5 2.5 4.5 2.9 38.9 5.2 1.5 26.6 2.0 4.4 4.7 1.8 4.2 3.2 36.0 6.5 1.7 28.9 2.4 4.3 5.0 2.3 4.5 2.9 34.2 5.3 1.5 27.3 2.0 4.2 4.3 1.8 4.4 3.0 21.0 5.7 3.5 4.1 5.0 8.1 6.3 5.9 4.5 4.5 19.3 4.2 2.9 3.6 4.1 7.8 5.3 4.3 4.2 4.8 18.8 5.4 3.4 3.9 4.8 7.6 5.7 5.4 4.6 4.4 17.2 4.2 3.0 3.6 4.0 7.4 4.8 4.1 4.4 4.5 Utah.................... Provo-Orem............ Salt Lake City-Odgen.. 1,007.2 150.5 646.9 1,063.1 158.6 684.0 1,005.4 150.4 645.4 1,058.7 158.0 680.3 37.3 4.8 21.3 34.7 4.3 20.8 30.3 3.8 17.7 32.4 4.0 19.5 3.7 3.2 3.3 3.3 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.6 2.7 3.1 2.5 2.9 Vermont................. Burlington............ 321.2 95.3 328.3 98.9 320.6 95.0 328.9 99.2 16.4 3.3 14.0 2.8 14.5 2.9 12.5 2.5 5.1 3.5 4.3 2.8 4.5 3.1 3.8 2.5 Virginia................ Charlottesville....... 3,310.8 70.3 3,512.4 74.5 3,321.8 70.8 3,529.7 74.7 147.5 1.9 121.8 1.2 131.5 1.8 111.8 1.1 4.5 2.7 3.5 1.6 4.0 2.5 3.2 1.4 Danville.............. Lynchburg............. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News. Richmond-Petersburg... Roanoke............... 54.7 99.4 57.8 103.1 54.8 99.3 57.6 103.4 3.1 4.6 3.2 3.2 3.2 4.0 2.9 2.8 5.6 4.6 5.5 3.1 5.9 4.0 5.1 2.7 698.7 482.4 122.8 736.1 520.2 130.0 702.6 482.4 123.9 739.4 523.4 130.1 34.6 17.9 4.1 29.0 15.3 4.1 32.5 15.8 4.3 26.5 14.4 3.6 5.0 3.7 3.4 3.9 2.9 3.1 4.6 3.3 3.5 3.6 2.8 2.8 Washington.............. Bellingham............ Bremerton............. Olympia............... Richland-Kennewick-Pasco................ Seattle-Bellevue-Everett................ Spokane............... Tacoma................ Yakima................ 2,932.0 77.0 93.2 98.3 2,997.1 79.1 91.0 99.4 2,941.0 77.7 92.8 98.0 3,007.5 79.0 90.8 99.5 177.3 5.7 6.0 5.9 152.7 5.0 4.9 5.1 164.3 5.3 5.6 5.5 140.6 4.6 4.5 4.8 6.0 7.4 6.4 6.0 5.1 6.3 5.4 5.2 5.6 6.9 6.0 5.6 4.7 5.8 4.9 4.8 90.8 88.7 91.6 90.0 8.7 7.7 7.5 6.6 9.6 8.7 8.2 7.4 1,321.3 205.4 326.5 109.0 1,372.9 210.0 331.7 107.7 1,322.7 205.0 327.5 109.6 1,376.7 210.0 335.8 106.1 53.4 13.1 17.1 15.8 42.2 11.0 15.2 14.2 50.8 11.7 16.5 13.4 40.0 9.9 14.5 12.6 4.0 6.4 5.2 14.5 3.1 5.2 4.6 13.1 3.8 5.7 5.0 12.2 2.9 4.7 4.3 11.9 West Virginia........... Charleston............ Huntington-Ashland.... Parkersburg-Marietta.. Wheeling.............. 798.6 130.3 135.6 75.8 72.9 790.2 129.1 137.8 77.8 72.8 797.3 129.8 135.9 75.9 73.4 797.5 129.9 138.7 78.2 73.8 68.9 7.7 11.0 5.4 6.7 56.2 6.4 9.4 4.9 4.8 62.4 6.9 9.8 4.9 6.5 59.8 6.8 9.3 5.3 5.0 8.6 5.9 8.1 7.1 9.2 7.1 4.9 6.8 6.3 6.5 7.8 5.3 7.2 6.5 8.9 7.5 5.3 6.7 6.8 6.8 Wisconsin............... Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah................. Eau Claire............ Green Bay............. Janesville-Beloit..... Kenosha............... La Crosse............. Madison............... Milwaukee-Waukesha.... Racine................ Sheboygan............. Wausau................ 2,879.8 2,924.8 2,883.1 2,927.8 132.8 112.7 128.1 110.7 4.6 3.9 4.4 3.8 217.6 81.2 130.6 78.7 77.2 70.2 255.1 795.6 92.4 59.0 71.5 222.7 83.4 130.6 79.8 78.4 71.2 260.4 810.8 94.6 59.9 73.4 218.6 81.3 130.4 79.1 77.3 70.1 256.1 796.5 91.7 59.2 71.3 223.3 83.2 130.6 80.0 78.7 71.2 260.3 813.1 95.2 60.4 72.8 8.2 4.1 4.9 3.8 3.0 2.7 5.5 30.7 4.8 1.9 3.9 7.2 3.6 4.2 2.9 2.4 2.4 4.9 24.6 3.8 1.6 3.6 8.6 3.9 4.8 3.4 2.9 2.7 5.3 29.9 4.5 1.7 3.6 6.9 3.5 4.1 2.8 2.4 2.4 4.7 24.8 3.9 1.6 3.3 3.8 5.1 3.7 4.8 3.9 3.8 2.2 3.9 5.2 3.2 5.5 3.2 4.3 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.3 1.9 3.0 4.0 2.7 4.9 3.9 4.8 3.7 4.4 3.7 3.9 2.1 3.8 4.9 2.8 5.0 3.1 4.1 3.1 3.5 3.0 3.3 1.8 3.0 4.1 2.6 4.6 Wyoming................. Casper................ Cheyenne.............. 246.9 32.5 38.6 251.3 33.5 39.3 248.1 32.8 38.4 254.0 33.7 39.6 17.2 2.5 2.0 14.1 1.9 1.6 15.8 2.3 1.7 13.3 1.8 1.5 7.0 7.6 5.2 5.6 5.8 4.1 6.4 7.1 4.4 5.2 5.3 3.8 Puerto Rico............. Aguadilla............. Arecibo............... 1,296.3 51.4 52.4 1,310.5 52.0 54.0 1,296.8 50.9 52.6 1,326.4 52.4 55.0 164.3 9.6 8.2 182.1 10.2 8.8 167.7 9.3 8.5 177.6 9.9 8.9 12.7 18.7 15.6 13.9 19.7 16.2 12.9 18.3 16.2 13.4 19.0 16.2 Caguas................ Mayaguez.............. Ponce................. San Juan-Bayamon...... 113.6 92.1 110.2 703.9 116.3 93.3 110.6 711.2 114.7 91.8 110.3 702.4 117.6 93.8 112.6 719.5 12.5 14.8 19.2 69.6 14.3 15.9 19.8 79.5 13.0 13.9 19.9 71.8 14.6 15.2 19.7 76.6 11.0 16.1 17.4 9.9 12.3 17.1 17.9 11.2 11.4 15.2 18.1 10.2 12.4 16.2 17.5 10.6 NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. All estimates are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and population information becomes available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of Employment and Earnings. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED Table 2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected metroplitan areas, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Feb. Mar. Change: Mar. 1997 to Mar. 1998 State and area 1997 1998 1997 1998p Number Percent Alabama.......................................... Birmingham..................................... Huntsville..................................... Mobile......................................... Montgomery..................................... Tuscaloosa..................................... 1,836.0 455.5 169.6 214.5 154.8 77.5 1,866.9 466.3 173.7 220.5 155.8 80.0 1,853.8 459.0 171.6 217.8 156.5 78.3 1,876.7 467.4 174.7 223.6 156.7 80.8 22.9 8.4 3.1 5.8 .2 2.5 1.2 1.8 1.8 2.7 .1 3.2 Alaska........................................... Anchorage...................................... 253.2 118.4 260.0 122.1 256.0 118.9 262.6 122.9 6.6 4.0 2.6 3.4 Arizona.......................................... Phoenix-Mesa................................... Tucson......................................... 1,954.2 1,362.6 312.2 2,046.4 1,441.5 322.2 1,972.1 1,374.2 314.7 2,063.0 1,453.5 324.3 90.9 79.3 9.6 4.6 5.8 3.1 Arkansas......................................... Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers................. Fort Smith..................................... Little Rock-North Little Rock.................. Pine Bluff..................................... 1,079.3 135.6 93.8 296.8 35.4 1,102.7 138.0 96.0 303.3 35.3 1,090.4 136.8 94.8 299.8 35.7 1,113.2 138.7 95.6 304.4 35.7 22.8 1.9 .8 4.6 .0 2.1 1.4 .8 1.5 .0 California....................................... Bakersfield.................................... Fresno......................................... 12,852.6 176.5 267.2 13,348.2 181.3 272.9 12,989.5 178.7 269.3 13,443.4 181.6 274.9 453.9 2.9 5.6 3.5 1.6 2.1 Los Angeles-Long Beach......................... Modesto........................................ Oakland........................................ Orange County.................................. Riverside-San Bernardino....................... Sacramento..................................... Salinas........................................ San Diego...................................... San Francisco.................................. San Jose....................................... Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc............... Santa Rosa..................................... Stockton-Lodi.................................. Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa......................... Ventura........................................ 3,820.8 126.1 928.9 1,198.8 827.0 609.3 114.2 1,026.6 962.5 899.6 148.3 159.9 161.4 144.6 238.1 3,932.5 132.1 960.2 1,256.6 867.2 629.5 116.9 1,066.3 989.4 945.2 151.2 166.8 165.0 152.2 246.0 3,854.4 128.1 937.3 1,211.1 836.3 616.1 115.5 1,036.5 970.2 911.4 149.9 162.0 163.4 146.9 240.5 3,951.6 133.8 966.0 1,265.4 874.6 636.0 117.4 1,070.0 993.0 955.2 151.7 168.1 166.9 153.8 248.1 97.2 5.7 28.7 54.3 38.3 19.9 1.9 33.5 22.8 43.8 1.8 6.1 3.5 6.9 7.6 2.5 4.4 3.1 4.5 4.6 3.2 1.6 3.2 2.4 4.8 1.2 3.8 2.1 4.7 3.2 Colorado......................................... Boulder-Longmont............................... Colorado Springs............................... Denver......................................... 1,931.9 152.7 210.6 1,027.2 2,012.4 161.2 214.4 1,065.9 1,947.3 154.7 212.7 1,034.8 2,019.4 161.1 214.8 1,070.2 72.1 6.4 2.1 35.4 3.7 4.1 1.0 3.4 Connecticut...................................... Bridgeport..................................... Danbury........................................ Hartford....................................... New Haven-Meriden.............................. New London-Norwich............................. Stamford-Norwalk............................... Waterbury...................................... 1,579.6 179.2 82.9 587.0 245.5 131.8 194.8 83.8 1,619.4 182.0 85.3 593.8 248.0 135.7 202.5 86.7 1,591.2 180.8 83.8 595.1 245.4 132.6 197.2 84.1 1,624.4 183.1 86.6 599.5 247.3 136.2 204.6 87.0 33.2 2.3 2.8 4.4 1.9 3.6 7.4 2.9 2.1 1.3 3.3 .7 .8 2.7 3.8 3.4 Delaware......................................... Dover.......................................... Wilmington-Newark.............................. 373.9 50.3 292.4 387.6 52.5 305.2 378.8 51.1 295.7 392.8 53.2 308.9 14.0 2.1 13.2 3.7 4.1 4.5 District of Columbia............................. Washington PMSA................................ 612.9 2,429.2 605.6 2,479.9 616.5 2,455.4 608.8 2,500.0 -7.7 44.6 -1.2 1.8 Florida.......................................... Daytona Beach.................................. Fort Lauderdale................................ Fort Myers-Cape Coral.......................... Gainesville.................................... Jacksonville................................... Lakeland-Winter Haven.......................... Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay.................. Miami.......................................... 6,347.0 150.2 620.6 151.6 110.3 505.4 168.3 174.5 955.9 6,611.1 154.8 643.9 154.7 114.1 530.2 173.5 180.2 973.6 6,405.8 150.2 625.5 153.5 111.1 509.9 169.1 176.2 963.5 6,664.3 155.6 648.6 155.8 114.8 536.0 174.6 180.9 980.6 258.5 5.4 23.1 2.3 3.7 26.1 5.5 4.7 17.1 4.0 3.6 3.7 1.5 3.3 5.1 3.3 2.7 1.8 Orlando........................................ Pensacola...................................... Sarasota-Bradenton............................. Tallahassee.................................... Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater................ West Palm Beach-Boca Raton..................... 778.7 147.5 242.8 147.1 1,050.3 435.1 820.2 152.0 263.0 149.3 1,100.6 457.2 784.8 149.0 246.3 147.5 1,060.1 438.3 826.2 153.8 267.4 150.1 1,109.7 459.6 41.4 4.8 21.1 2.6 49.6 21.3 5.3 3.2 8.6 1.8 4.7 4.9 Georgia.......................................... Albany......................................... Athens......................................... Atlanta........................................ Augusta-Aiken.................................. Columbus....................................... Macon.......................................... Savannah....................................... 3,539.1 58.7 70.9 1,914.5 190.8 113.5 146.0 129.3 3,676.7 59.2 74.1 2,000.0 193.1 115.9 150.6 133.5 3,573.1 59.0 71.5 1,934.6 192.0 114.7 147.1 131.0 3,704.4 59.2 74.0 2,013.8 193.0 115.9 151.2 134.0 131.3 .2 2.5 79.2 1.0 1.2 4.1 3.0 3.7 .3 3.5 4.1 .5 1.0 2.8 2.3 Hawaii........................................... Honolulu....................................... 533.5 404.7 530.7 402.1 536.4 406.7 532.5 402.9 -3.9 -3.8 -.7 -.9 Idaho............................................ Boise City..................................... 490.4 186.7 505.8 195.2 496.1 189.2 508.4 195.7 12.3 6.5 2.5 3.4 Illinois......................................... Bloomington-Normal............................. Champaign-Urbana............................... Chicago........................................ Davenport-Moline-Rock Island................... Decatur........................................ Kankakee....................................... Peoria-Pekin................................... Rockford....................................... Springfield.................................... 5,624.8 78.1 96.7 3,932.0 172.4 55.5 41.9 164.6 173.3 109.4 5,748.1 80.7 98.1 4,014.2 178.3 56.1 42.5 170.5 176.4 111.9 5,684.0 78.2 98.1 3,970.3 174.6 55.8 42.4 167.1 174.9 110.5 5,784.5 81.1 98.7 4,033.9 179.4 56.5 42.9 171.3 177.4 112.5 100.5 2.9 .6 63.6 4.8 .7 .5 4.2 2.5 2.0 1.8 3.7 .6 1.6 2.7 1.3 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.8 Indiana.......................................... Bloomington.................................... Elkhart-Goshen................................. Evansville-Henderson........................... Fort Wayne..................................... Gary........................................... Indianapolis................................... Kokomo......................................... Lafayette...................................... Muncie......................................... South Bend..................................... Terre Haute.................................... 2,802.2 64.4 114.3 150.1 262.3 259.2 809.1 51.2 92.2 59.7 130.7 67.6 2,847.6 65.1 114.5 152.5 267.5 262.0 834.5 51.9 94.2 59.4 133.0 67.5 2,828.0 64.4 116.2 151.1 263.5 261.3 818.5 51.5 91.7 60.3 132.3 68.0 2,867.6 65.1 115.8 152.4 269.4 261.5 840.2 52.1 94.1 59.7 133.9 67.4 39.6 .7 -.4 1.3 5.9 .2 21.7 .6 2.4 -.6 1.6 -.6 1.4 1.1 -.3 .9 2.2 .1 2.7 1.2 2.6 -1.0 1.2 -.9 Iowa............................................. Cedar Rapids................................... Des Moines..................................... Dubuque........................................ Iowa City...................................... Sioux City..................................... Waterloo-Cedar Falls........................... 1,363.9 108.8 263.4 49.7 63.5 63.2 69.9 1,401.3 114.4 267.6 51.7 66.0 64.6 72.1 1,379.6 109.6 266.2 49.8 65.3 63.6 70.2 1,417.0 114.9 269.3 51.7 66.5 64.9 72.6 37.4 5.3 3.1 1.9 1.2 1.3 2.4 2.7 4.8 1.2 3.8 1.8 2.0 3.4 Kansas........................................... Lawrence....................................... Topeka......................................... Wichita........................................ 1,233.4 45.1 98.5 266.4 1,284.5 47.9 98.2 279.2 1,250.1 46.4 99.2 269.2 1,292.8 48.6 98.4 281.0 42.7 2.2 -.8 11.8 3.4 4.7 -.8 4.4 Kentucky......................................... Lexington...................................... Louisville..................................... Owensboro...................................... 1,668.7 262.3 534.5 42.1 1,710.5 272.6 552.5 43.6 1,688.3 264.0 541.3 42.4 1,726.0 273.1 558.2 43.9 37.7 9.1 16.9 1.5 2.2 3.4 3.1 3.5 Louisiana........................................ Alexandria..................................... Baton Rouge.................................... Houma.......................................... Lafayette...................................... Lake Charles................................... Monroe......................................... New Orleans.................................... Shreveport-Bossier City........................ 1,811.2 52.6 277.7 70.7 155.5 84.8 67.0 604.2 167.0 1,866.5 54.2 286.6 75.9 162.6 86.2 68.7 616.2 172.5 1,827.0 53.2 280.5 71.1 157.2 85.5 67.8 608.9 167.9 1,876.4 54.3 288.8 76.1 163.5 86.7 69.0 615.0 173.9 49.4 1.1 8.3 5.0 6.3 1.2 1.2 6.1 6.0 2.7 2.1 3.0 7.0 4.0 1.4 1.8 1.0 3.6 Maine............................................ Lewiston-Auburn................................ Portland....................................... 528.9 39.9 136.1 542.8 40.8 138.5 532.1 40.0 136.7 543.9 40.8 139.6 11.8 .8 2.9 2.2 2.0 2.1 Maryland......................................... Baltimore PMSA................................. Baltimore City................................. Suburban Maryland-D.C.......................... 2,198.5 1,136.4 396.9 809.0 2,240.5 1,161.9 403.7 832.2 2,231.2 1,149.5 400.8 820.6 2,257.5 1,172.7 404.4 837.4 26.3 23.2 3.6 16.8 1.2 2.0 .9 2.0 Massachusetts.................................... Barnstable-Yarmouth............................ Boston......................................... Brockton....................................... Fitchburg-Leominster........................... Lawrence....................................... Lowell......................................... New Bedford.................................... Pittsfield..................................... 3,033.8 49.4 1,867.5 92.6 50.3 145.0 111.6 61.6 40.0 3,137.9 52.1 1,921.0 95.9 52.7 149.4 118.8 63.9 41.3 3,059.1 50.5 1,881.3 93.5 51.0 146.7 112.7 62.4 40.2 3,153.3 52.9 1,929.2 96.1 53.4 150.6 119.5 64.1 41.5 94.2 2.4 47.9 2.6 2.4 3.9 6.8 1.7 1.3 3.1 4.8 2.5 2.8 4.7 2.7 6.0 2.7 3.2 Springfield.................................... Worcester...................................... 246.3 217.7 254.2 223.7 248.2 219.7 255.1 224.3 6.9 4.6 2.8 2.1 Michigan......................................... Ann Arbor...................................... Benton Harbor.................................. Detroit........................................ Flint.......................................... Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland.................. Jackson........................................ Kalamazoo-Battle Creek......................... Lansing-East Lansing........................... Saginaw-Bay City-Midland....................... 4,355.1 263.4 69.3 2,046.1 178.6 537.1 59.4 206.1 231.4 173.6 4,461.8 271.4 70.2 2,099.1 180.5 556.2 60.4 208.9 233.2 177.4 4,393.6 265.2 70.4 2,063.8 179.5 542.5 59.9 207.5 232.6 175.6 4,472.3 271.0 70.8 2,110.6 181.3 559.6 60.8 210.3 233.8 178.0 78.7 5.8 .4 46.8 1.8 17.1 .9 2.8 1.2 2.4 1.8 2.2 .6 2.3 1.0 3.2 1.5 1.3 .5 1.4 Minnesota........................................ Duluth-Superior................................ Minneapolis-St. Paul........................... Rochester...................................... St. Cloud...................................... 2,415.2 107.1 1,572.0 70.8 82.7 2,478.4 109.2 1,610.4 73.6 85.2 2,431.5 107.2 1,582.5 71.5 83.4 2,495.1 109.4 1,622.4 74.0 85.4 63.6 2.2 39.9 2.5 2.0 2.6 2.1 2.5 3.5 2.4 Mississippi...................................... Jackson........................................ 1,085.8 217.0 1,112.0 223.2 1,095.3 218.4 1,112.8 224.4 17.5 6.0 1.6 2.7 Missouri......................................... Kansas City.................................... St. Louis...................................... Springfield.................................... 2,572.2 892.5 1,265.4 155.7 2,627.6 933.5 1,286.2 161.7 2,610.4 904.1 1,281.7 156.0 2,640.5 939.6 1,295.1 161.9 30.1 35.5 13.4 5.9 1.2 3.9 1.0 3.8 Montana.......................................... 352.0 361.2 354.5 362.4 7.9 2.2 Nebraska......................................... Lincoln........................................ Omaha.......................................... 831.6 142.3 386.4 867.7 145.3 406.5 843.1 144.1 391.3 870.2 144.6 404.9 27.1 .5 13.6 3.2 .3 3.5 Nevada........................................... Las Vegas...................................... Reno........................................... 867.8 618.3 171.9 905.2 647.1 177.1 876.4 623.0 174.4 912.3 651.8 178.8 35.9 28.8 4.4 4.1 4.6 2.5 New Hampshire.................................... Manchester..................................... Nashua......................................... Portsmouth-Rochester........................... 551.3 94.3 88.4 110.5 565.2 96.1 92.1 112.4 554.1 95.0 88.8 111.2 564.8 96.7 92.5 112.4 10.7 1.7 3.7 1.2 1.9 1.8 4.2 1.1 New Jersey....................................... Atlantic-Cape May.............................. Bergen-Passaic................................. 3,622.4 166.7 621.6 3,714.6 170.1 636.5 3,659.0 169.2 628.7 3,741.7 172.7 643.2 82.7 3.5 14.5 2.3 2.1 2.3 Camden......................................... Jersey City.................................... Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon................... Monmouth-Ocean................................. Newark......................................... Trenton........................................ Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton................... 459.0 236.4 591.8 344.6 929.6 194.0 56.3 471.3 238.2 618.3 351.1 953.2 196.2 58.3 463.9 237.9 597.0 350.0 936.7 196.7 57.0 474.7 238.6 622.2 356.8 958.9 198.1 58.2 10.8 .7 25.2 6.8 22.2 1.4 1.2 2.3 .3 4.2 1.9 2.4 .7 2.1 New Mexico....................................... Albuquerque.................................... Las Cruces..................................... Santa Fe....................................... 694.6 326.7 50.3 70.1 707.4 332.6 51.5 70.6 698.8 327.8 50.4 70.6 710.8 334.0 52.1 71.1 12.0 6.2 1.7 .5 1.7 1.9 3.4 .7 New York......................................... Albany-Schenectady-Troy........................ Binghamton..................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls.......................... Dutchess County................................ Elmira......................................... Glens Falls.................................... Nassau-Suffolk................................. New York PMSA.................................. New York City.................................. Newburgh....................................... Rochester...................................... Rockland County................................ Syracuse....................................... Utica-Rome..................................... Westchester County............................. 7,853.4 422.9 110.2 532.3 104.7 42.0 47.4 1,084.5 3,846.6 3,352.0 117.1 518.6 98.2 328.7 124.0 377.0 7,974.0 426.2 113.0 534.2 106.0 42.3 47.8 1,106.2 3,917.0 3,415.5 117.7 520.0 99.7 331.6 125.9 381.6 7,937.1 427.2 110.8 536.6 105.9 42.4 46.7 1,101.6 3,891.4 3,390.3 117.8 521.8 99.5 331.6 124.4 381.7 8,044.9 428.4 113.7 537.3 106.9 42.4 47.5 1,122.1 3,956.7 3,449.6 118.3 521.7 101.8 332.2 126.1 385.0 107.8 1.2 2.9 .7 1.0 .0 .8 20.5 65.3 59.3 .5 -.1 2.3 .6 1.7 3.3 1.4 .3 2.6 .1 .9 .0 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.7 .4 .0 2.3 .2 1.4 .9 North Carolina................................... Asheville...................................... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill................... Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point.......... Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill..................... 3,577.8 105.0 739.2 622.2 598.2 3,704.5 108.2 766.5 637.0 631.4 3,615.4 105.9 748.4 628.4 603.5 3,720.6 108.7 767.6 637.4 633.0 105.2 2.8 19.2 9.0 29.5 2.9 2.6 2.6 1.4 4.9 North Dakota..................................... Bismarck....................................... Fargo-Moorhead................................. Grand Forks.................................... 306.1 47.4 93.1 47.3 313.8 48.4 97.6 48.2 306.8 47.2 93.6 47.1 313.8 48.6 97.7 48.2 7.0 1.4 4.1 1.1 2.3 3.0 4.4 2.3 Ohio............................................. Akron.......................................... Canton-Massillon............................... Cincinnati..................................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria........................ 5,254.7 316.2 176.9 821.0 1,107.4 5,350.6 320.9 181.8 845.2 1,138.6 5,306.1 318.1 178.1 831.1 1,117.7 5,389.5 323.1 182.6 853.9 1,145.7 83.4 5.0 4.5 22.8 28.0 1.6 1.6 2.5 2.7 2.5 Columbus....................................... Dayton-Springfield............................. Hamilton-Middletown............................ Lima........................................... Mansfield...................................... Steubenville-Weirton........................... Toledo......................................... Youngstown-Warren.............................. 794.5 467.3 116.1 75.2 78.1 47.2 311.5 240.2 819.5 474.3 118.0 77.9 78.9 49.8 313.9 245.9 800.9 471.3 117.2 75.9 78.3 47.5 314.3 243.3 823.7 476.9 118.4 77.9 79.2 50.0 315.4 247.6 22.8 5.6 1.2 2.0 .9 2.5 1.1 4.3 2.8 1.2 1.0 2.6 1.1 5.3 .3 1.8 Oklahoma......................................... Enid........................................... Lawton......................................... Oklahoma City.................................. Tulsa.......................................... 1,363.1 24.0 37.1 492.4 364.9 1,402.6 25.2 36.6 501.4 379.7 1,376.4 24.2 37.4 497.0 367.3 1,412.8 25.3 36.8 505.8 381.7 36.4 1.1 -.6 8.8 14.4 2.6 4.5 -1.6 1.8 3.9 Oregon........................................... Eugene-Springfield............................. Medford-Ashland................................ Portland-Vancouver............................. Salem.......................................... 1,483.5 134.2 65.6 894.1 128.1 1,534.0 137.2 68.1 930.0 130.0 1,495.3 135.3 66.0 900.6 128.9 1,541.0 138.4 68.4 937.2 130.8 45.7 3.1 2.4 36.6 1.9 3.1 2.3 3.6 4.1 1.5 Pennsylvania..................................... Allentown Bethlehem-Easton..................... Altoona........................................ Erie........................................... Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle.................... Johnstown...................................... Lancaster...................................... Philadelphia PMSA.............................. Philadelphia City.............................. Pittsburgh..................................... Reading........................................ Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton............... Sharon......................................... State College.................................. Williamsport................................... York........................................... 5,294.8 261.4 56.8 126.8 344.7 86.0 207.6 2,220.4 663.5 1,052.0 161.7 269.9 46.2 66.3 51.9 160.8 5,376.8 264.1 57.8 128.3 349.6 87.1 213.7 2,243.4 669.9 1,059.6 164.4 272.4 47.4 68.7 52.7 164.0 5,331.4 262.9 56.7 127.3 346.2 86.5 209.7 2,238.4 664.5 1,061.2 163.2 272.3 45.6 66.2 52.6 161.1 5,406.2 265.0 58.1 128.3 351.7 87.0 215.8 2,253.7 669.3 1,063.0 165.1 273.2 47.8 68.9 53.4 164.0 74.8 2.1 1.4 1.0 5.5 .5 6.1 15.3 4.8 1.8 1.9 .9 2.2 2.7 .8 2.9 1.4 .8 2.5 .8 1.6 .6 2.9 .7 .7 .2 1.2 .3 4.8 4.1 1.5 1.8 Rhode Island..................................... Providence-Fall River-Warwick.................. 435.5 492.5 446.3 502.4 439.5 496.0 447.6 503.8 8.1 7.8 1.8 1.6 South Carolina................................... Charleston-North Charleston.................... Columbia....................................... Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson................ 1,683.7 215.2 278.7 452.0 1,743.0 226.5 285.5 463.0 1,705.0 218.0 280.4 455.4 1,766.2 228.9 288.1 467.3 61.2 10.9 7.7 11.9 3.6 5.0 2.7 2.6 South Dakota..................................... Rapid City..................................... Sioux Falls.................................... 342.5 44.0 98.5 349.8 45.1 103.2 345.1 44.5 99.4 352.0 44.9 104.4 6.9 .4 5.0 2.0 .9 5.0 Tennessee........................................ Chattanooga.................................... Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol................. Knoxville...................................... Memphis........................................ Nashville...................................... 2,524.8 218.4 198.4 307.8 549.8 613.8 2,589.9 221.4 201.0 312.5 555.5 633.0 2,554.2 220.8 200.1 311.2 556.6 619.4 2,607.0 223.3 202.0 315.6 560.2 635.8 52.8 2.5 1.9 4.4 3.6 16.4 2.1 1.1 .9 1.4 .6 2.6 Texas............................................ Abilene........................................ Amarillo....................................... Austin-San Marcos.............................. Beaumont-Port Arthur........................... Brazoria....................................... Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito............... Bryan-College Station.......................... Corpus Christi................................. Dallas......................................... El Paso........................................ Ft. Worth-Arlington............................ Galveston-Texas City........................... Houston........................................ Killeen-Temple................................. Laredo......................................... Longview-Marshall.............................. Lubbock........................................ McAllen-Edinburg-Mission....................... Odessa Midland................................. San Angelo..................................... San Antonio.................................... Sherman-Denison................................ Texarkana...................................... Tyler.......................................... Victoria....................................... Waco........................................... Wichita Falls.................................. 8,403.0 54.5 91.3 553.9 154.5 73.1 96.3 67.0 152.8 1,704.6 237.9 685.2 85.9 1,848.7 95.7 58.5 86.3 111.3 133.1 100.0 43.2 648.0 43.0 50.0 75.1 34.4 93.9 58.7 8,751.0 55.9 94.4 581.4 158.6 75.3 99.3 69.8 156.2 1,808.8 244.9 715.9 88.6 1,939.9 98.5 61.5 88.9 115.2 141.8 105.8 43.5 673.3 44.0 51.2 78.0 35.6 97.1 59.8 8,475.5 54.9 92.1 558.0 154.7 73.6 97.2 67.9 154.0 1,720.6 239.5 694.2 86.6 1,861.9 95.9 59.1 86.9 112.2 133.6 101.0 43.1 655.5 43.5 50.5 76.0 34.8 94.2 59.0 8,802.8 56.2 94.8 585.0 159.4 74.7 100.9 70.3 157.2 1,813.4 246.5 721.6 88.9 1,950.9 99.0 61.4 89.2 116.2 142.8 106.3 43.6 677.6 44.1 51.4 78.5 35.9 97.2 60.1 327.3 1.3 2.7 27.0 4.7 1.1 3.7 2.4 3.2 92.8 7.0 27.4 2.3 89.0 3.1 2.3 2.3 4.0 9.2 5.3 .5 22.1 .6 .9 2.5 1.1 3.0 1.1 3.9 2.4 2.9 4.8 3.0 1.5 3.8 3.5 2.1 5.4 2.9 3.9 2.7 4.8 3.2 3.9 2.6 3.6 6.9 5.2 1.2 3.4 1.4 1.8 3.3 3.2 3.2 1.9 Utah............................................. Provo-Orem..................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden........................... 970.5 133.1 654.1 1,007.5 137.4 678.4 980.8 134.6 659.9 1,017.2 138.6 684.0 36.4 4.0 24.1 3.7 3.0 3.7 Vermont.......................................... Barre-Montpelier............................... 277.1 30.1 281.0 30.5 276.5 30.2 280.8 31.1 4.3 .9 1.6 3.0 Burlington..................................... 96.5 98.9 96.3 98.6 2.3 2.4 Virginia......................................... Bristol........................................ Charlottesville................................ Danville....................................... Lynchburg...................................... Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News............ Northern Virginia.............................. Richmond-Petersburg............................ Roanoke........................................ 3,159.5 37.0 79.6 45.3 95.9 650.0 973.9 514.9 138.6 3,253.4 36.8 81.3 45.6 96.3 659.2 1,011.0 532.5 139.9 3,192.1 37.3 80.0 45.4 96.6 657.2 983.9 518.2 139.9 3,280.3 36.8 81.8 45.8 97.2 665.3 1,019.7 537.2 140.7 88.2 -.5 1.8 .4 .6 8.1 35.8 19.0 .8 2.8 -1.3 2.3 .9 .6 1.2 3.6 3.7 .6 Washington....................................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett....................... Spokane........................................ Tacoma......................................... 2,434.0 1,251.9 179.5 224.2 2,520.6 1,323.6 187.2 230.6 2,459.4 1,264.0 181.2 226.7 2,540.0 1,330.0 188.6 232.2 80.6 66.0 7.4 5.5 3.3 5.2 4.1 2.4 West Virginia.................................... Charleston..................................... Huntington-Ashland............................. Parkersburg-Marietta........................... Wheeling....................................... 687.2 127.5 117.5 67.1 62.7 700.5 130.5 121.3 70.0 65.1 695.9 128.7 119.0 67.8 63.4 705.6 130.5 122.1 69.9 65.5 9.7 1.8 3.1 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.4 2.6 3.1 3.3 Wisconsin........................................ Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah........................ Eau Claire..................................... Green Bay...................................... Janesville-Beloit.............................. Kenosha........................................ La Crosse...................................... Madison........................................ Milwaukee-Waukesha............................. Racine......................................... Sheboygan...................................... Wausau......................................... 2,569.7 186.6 69.7 131.3 67.0 49.1 66.8 261.2 808.1 78.2 56.0 61.9 2,645.0 192.7 72.6 132.4 69.0 50.9 68.2 268.2 833.1 81.3 57.3 64.3 2,584.4 187.6 70.4 131.3 67.7 49.4 66.9 262.8 811.2 78.1 56.5 62.5 2,655.0 193.9 72.9 132.9 69.4 51.1 68.4 268.8 834.9 81.8 58.0 64.4 70.6 6.3 2.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 6.0 23.7 3.7 1.5 1.9 2.7 3.4 3.6 1.2 2.5 3.4 2.2 2.3 2.9 4.7 2.7 3.0 Wyoming.......................................... Casper......................................... 212.3 29.1 213.6 29.6 215.0 29.6 215.7 29.7 .7 .1 .3 .3 Puerto Rico...................................... Caguas......................................... Mayaguez....................................... Ponce.......................................... San Juan-Bayamon............................... 976.1 65.7 68.3 76.1 612.1 955.9 65.9 67.7 75.0 600.2 979.9 66.7 69.2 75.7 613.9 958.0 65.2 67.4 75.1 601.3 -21.9 -1.5 -1.8 -.6 -12.6 -2.2 -2.2 -2.6 -.8 -2.1 Virgin Islands................................... 41.7 41.9 41.7 41.9 .2 .5 p = preliminary. NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Data have been adjusted to March 1997 bechmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark month are provisional and will be revised when new information becomes available.