Full text of January 1999 : Text File, USDL 99-65
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Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov/newsrels.htm
Technical information: USDL 99-77
Employment (202) 606-6559
Unemployment 606-6392 For release: 10:00 A.M. EST
Media contact: 606-5902 Wednesday, March 31, 1999
METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT: FEBRUARY 1999
In February, 202 metropolitan areas had unemployment rates below the
U.S. average (4.7 percent, not seasonally adjusted), while 114 areas had
higher rates, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of
Labor reported today. Of the seven metropolitan areas with rates below
2.0 percent, four were located in the South and three were in the Midwest.
Of the 12 areas with jobless rates of 10.0 percent or more, 8 were in
California.
Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Metropolitan area unemployment rates ranged from 1.1 percent in
Charlottesville, Va., to 19.8 percent in Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, Calif.
Sixty-five metropolitan areas reported unemployment rates below 3.0 percent
in February, while 61 areas recorded rates of 6.0 percent or higher. (See
table 1 and the chart. Data for the areas in Missouri were not available
at the time of release.)
Over the year, 206 metropolitan areas registered jobless rate decreases
equaling or exceeding the 0.3 percentage point decline in the national rate.
Pueblo, Colo., had the largest over-the-year drop in its unemployment rate
(-3.4 percentage points), followed by Florence, Ala. (-3.1 points). Five of
the seven additional areas experiencing rate declines of 2.0 points or more
were high unemployment areas in California. Another 42 areas had rate
declines of 1.0 percentage point or more. The largest over-the-year rate
increase, 4.9 percentage points, was recorded in Odessa-Midland, Tex. The
next largest increases were in Gadsden, Ala. (2.0 points), and Albany, Ga.,
and Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, Calif. (both 1.9 points). Six other areas
had increases of at least 1.0 percentage point. Overall, 248 metropolitan
areas reported lower rates than a year earlier, 57 had higher rates, and 18
had no change.
Among the metropolitan areas with a 1990 census population of
1 million or more, 38 had unemployment rates below the U.S. average in
February, while 10 had rates above it. Within this group, the lowest
rates were in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.-Wis. (2.0 percent), and Denver,
Colo. (2.3 percent). The highest rates continued to be in New York, N.Y.
(7.3 percent), Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif. (6.5 percent), and Miami, Fla.
(6.3 percent). Over the year, the greatest decreases in jobless rates
among these large areas occurred in Providence-Fall River-Warwick, R.I.-
Mass. (-1.4 percentage points), and Baltimore, Md., and Sacramento, Calif.
(both -1.0 point). The largest increases were in Milwaukee-Waukesha, Wis.,
Portland-Vancouver, Ore.-Wash., and San Jose, Calif., each of which
recorded an over-the-year rise of 0.5 point. Four other areas reported
smaller increases.
Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Among the 272 metropolitan areas for which February nonfarm payroll
data are available, 261 had over-the-year increases in employment, 8 had
declines, and 3 were unchanged. The largest employment increases occurred
in Chicago, Ill. (98,700), New York, N.Y. (91,100), and Washington, D.C.-
Md.-Va.-W.Va. (81,800). The largest over-the-year percentage increases
occurred in West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, Fla. (7.1 percent), Las Vegas, Nev.
(6.4 percent), and Bryan-College Station, Tex. (6.1 percent). (See table 2.)
The greatest over-the-year employment declines occurred in Honolulu,
Hawaii (-2,900 jobs), followed by Odessa-Midland, Tex. (-2,300), and Dayton-
Springfield, Ohio (-1,200). The largest over-the-year percentage declines
took place in Odessa-Midland, Tex. (-2.1 percent), Steubenville-Weirton,
Ohio (-1.0 percent), Bloomington, Ind. (-0.9 percent), and Honolulu, Hawaii
(-0.7 percent).
- 2 -
Nonfarm employment grew over the year in all 36 metropolitan areas
with employment levels of more than 750,000. Of these areas, Tampa-St.
Petersburg-Clearwater, Fla., had the largest over-the-year growth rate
(5.6 percent), followed by Orlando, Fla. (5.0 percent), Riverside-San
Bernardino, Calif. (4.9 percent), and Phoenix-Mesa, Ariz. (4.2 percent).
_______________
The Regional and State Employment and Unemployment release for March is
scheduled to be issued on April 16. The Metropolitan Area Employment and
Unemployment release for March is scheduled to be issued on April 28.
Technical Note
This release presents labor force and unemployment data from
the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (table 1)
for 335 metropolitan areas, including those in Puerto Rico. Nonfarm
payroll employment estimates from the Current Employment Statistics
(CES) program (table 2) are provided for over 270 of these areas.
State estimates were previously published in the news release,
Regional and State Employment and Unemployment, and are republished
in this release for ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs
are both Federal-State cooperative endeavors.
Labor force and unemployment-from the LAUS program
Definitions. The labor force and unemployment data are based
on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the
official national estimates obtained from the Current Population
Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households that is conducted for
the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the Bureau of the Census.
The labor force includes both the employed and the unemployed.
Employed persons are those who did any work at all for pay or
profit in the survey reference week (the week including the 12th
of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family
business or farm, plus those not working who have a job from which
they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such
reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation.
Unemployed persons are those who did not work at all (in the
reference week), have actively looked for a job (sometime in the
4-week period ending with the survey reference week), and are
currently available for work; persons on layoff expecting recall
need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed.
Method of estimation. Effective January 1996, estimates for
all states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach
metropolitan area, and New York City are produced using estimating
equations based on regression techniques. For all other sub-state
areas, estimates are prepared through indirect estimation
procedures. Employment estimates, which are based largely on
''place of work'' estimates from the CES program, are adjusted to
refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment
estimates are aggregates of persons previously employed in
industries covered by state unemployment (UI) laws and entrants to
the labor force data from the CPS. The sub-state estimates of
employment and unemployment which geographically exhaust the
entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure that they add
to the independently estimated state totals. A detailed
description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS
upon request.
Annual revisions. Labor force and unemployment data shown
for the prior year reflect adjustments made at the end of each
year, usually with January estimates. The adjusted estimates
reflect updated population data from the Bureau of the Census and
any revisions in the other data sources. In addition, data for
all states, the District of Columbia, and the two large sub-state
areas noted are adjusted annually to equal the CPS annual
averages, usually effective with January estimates. All other sub-
state estimates are adjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked)
state estimates.
Employment-from the CES program
Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on
establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month, except for federal
government employment, which represents the number of persons who
occupied positions on the last day of the month. Persons are
counted at their place of work rather than at their place of
residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on
each payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their
principal product or activity in accordance with the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification Manual.
Method of estimation. The employment data are estimated
using a "link relative" technique in which a ratio (link relative)
of current-month employment to that of the previous month is
computed from a sample of establishments reporting for both
months. The estimates of employment for the current month are
obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by
these ratios.
Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually
to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, derived
principally from tax reports which are submitted by emLABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area
(numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Number Percent of labor force
State and area
January February
January February January February
1998 1999 1998 1999p
1998 1999 1998 1999p 1998 1999 1998 1999p
Alabama................. 2,134.5 2,140.7 2,137.2 2,146.7 94.6 83.0 97.7 90.1 4.4 3.9 4.6 4.2
Anniston.............. 54.6 54.8 54.4 55.1 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.5 4.7 4.3 4.7 4.6
Birmingham............ 466.6 470.8 466.8 472.7 13.3 11.5 13.6 12.7 2.8 2.4 2.9 2.7
Decatur............... 72.7 72.5 72.7 72.5 3.2 2.7 3.2 3.0 4.4 3.8 4.4 4.1
Dothan................ 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.6 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.5 3.8 3.5 4.0 3.8
Florence.............. 69.5 68.4 69.6 68.5 5.1 3.7 6.1 3.9 7.4 5.5 8.8 5.7
Gadsden............... 49.2 50.1 49.2 50.5 2.1 2.8 2.3 3.4 4.3 5.6 4.7 6.7
Huntsville............ 169.1 170.6 169.0 170.5 5.0 4.7 5.3 5.5 3.0 2.7 3.1 3.2
Mobile................ 264.1 270.8 265.2 272.3 10.5 10.0 10.7 10.4 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.8
Montgomery............ 160.5 163.0 160.6 163.1 5.6 4.6 5.7 4.9 3.5 2.8 3.6 3.0
Tuscaloosa............ 82.3 84.1 83.0 85.1 2.5 2.0 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.5
Alaska.................. 309.4 310.4 310.2 313.0 24.2 22.9 23.9 25.3 7.8 7.4 7.7 8.1
Anchorage............. 140.4 142.4 139.1 141.7 7.3 6.8 7.1 7.6 5.2 4.8 5.1 5.3
Arizona................. 2,182.8 2,333.6 2,192.2 2,352.4 86.5 87.0 84.0 86.1 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.7
Flagstaff............. 58.2 58.2 58.9 61.6 5.4 4.4 5.1 4.4 9.3 7.6 8.7 7.1
Phoenix-Mesa.......... 1,447.4 1,555.4 1,455.4 1,567.3 38.4 41.9 37.4 42.5 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7
Tucson................ 357.9 384.7 360.1 388.3 10.6 9.4 10.5 9.3 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.4
Yuma.................. 57.9 62.8 56.4 62.0 10.8 11.2 10.2 10.2 18.6 17.9 18.1 16.4
Arkansas................ 1,175.2 1,230.0 1,183.1 1,236.0 75.8 73.1 76.6 67.5 6.5 5.9 6.5 5.5
Fayetteville-Springda-
le-Rogers.......... 133.0 140.8 133.8 142.0 5.4 4.6 5.6 4.1 4.1 3.3 4.2 2.9
Fort Smith............ 92.6 96.2 93.1 96.3 5.9 5.2 5.7 4.6 6.4 5.4 6.2 4.8
Jonesboro............. 39.3 41.7 39.7 42.1 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.6 4.8 4.2 5.0 3.9
Little Rock-North
Little Rock........ 286.8 299.2 288.1 299.8 12.7 11.4 13.0 10.4 4.4 3.8 4.5 3.5
Pine Bluff............ 35.1 36.9 35.2 36.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 9.0 8.8 9.1 8.1
California.............. 16,093.5 16,366.0 16,154.1 16,369.0 1,066.9 1,044.9 1,049.4 989.3 6.6 6.4 6.5 6.0
Bakersfield........... 278.4 280.1 276.5 277.7 38.6 39.5 38.9 38.8 13.9 14.1 14.1 14.0
Chico-Paradise........ 84.2 86.6 85.8 88.3 8.9 7.6 9.0 7.5 10.6 8.7 10.5 8.5
Fresno................ 420.0 427.3 417.3 423.3 70.4 71.1 71.6 69.7 16.8 16.6 17.2 16.5
Los Angeles-Long Beach 4,548.8 4,593.6 4,596.3 4,599.3 298.8 311.3 296.2 297.6 6.6 6.8 6.4 6.5
Merced................ 84.4 85.2 85.0 85.9 16.3 14.9 17.2 15.5 19.4 17.5 20.2 18.1
Modesto............... 196.7 200.7 198.6 201.1 29.0 26.6 30.3 26.6 14.7 13.3 15.2 13.2
Oakland............... 1,177.6 1,201.3 1,179.8 1,202.7 50.6 47.5 49.3 43.6 4.3 4.0 4.2 3.6
Orange County......... 1,419.2 1,456.3 1,422.0 1,456.2 43.6 43.7 41.7 39.5 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7
Redding............... 73.6 71.3 72.7 70.9 8.8 6.9 8.7 7.0 12.0 9.7 12.0 9.9
Riverside-San
Bernardino......... 1,370.2 1,413.5 1,369.3 1,413.5 89.0 81.8 86.8 76.1 6.5 5.8 6.3 5.4
Sacramento............ 751.6 764.4 752.1 765.0 44.4 37.0 42.3 35.2 5.9 4.8 5.6 4.6
Salinas............... 186.2 187.4 185.5 186.6 34.8 32.6 33.2 30.7 18.7 17.4 17.9 16.5
San Diego............. 1,298.3 1,335.0 1,305.3 1,331.6 49.0 49.0 47.4 43.7 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.3
San Francisco......... 932.9 953.4 932.6 952.2 30.0 28.1 28.7 24.6 3.2 2.9 3.1 2.6
San Jose.............. 955.4 965.4 958.7 964.8 28.7 37.0 28.7 33.4 3.0 3.8 3.0 3.5
San Luis
Obispo-Atascadero-
Paso Robles........ 106.9 107.4 108.9 108.5 5.2 4.5 5.0 4.1 4.9 4.2 4.5 3.7
Santa Barbara-Santa
Maria-Lompoc....... 193.0 193.1 192.9 192.9 11.3 10.8 10.8 9.9 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.1
Santa Cruz-Watsonville 139.7 140.0 140.5 140.8 15.8 14.3 14.9 13.8 11.3 10.2 10.6 9.8
Santa Rosa............ 241.1 249.0 242.4 250.6 10.5 8.4 10.2 7.9 4.3 3.4 4.2 3.1
Stockton-Lodi......... 244.7 247.3 245.2 247.8 32.1 29.5 32.3 28.5 13.1 11.9 13.2 11.5
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa 237.0 245.3 237.8 245.9 15.7 13.6 15.1 12.7 6.6 5.6 6.3 5.2
Ventura............... 383.7 389.3 382.8 392.6 24.1 22.9 21.5 19.4 6.3 5.9 5.6 4.9
Visalia-Tulare-Porter-
ville.............. 163.6 165.2 161.3 163.0 29.6 33.9 28.8 32.3 18.1 20.5 17.9 19.8
Yolo.................. 86.9 87.3 87.1 87.0 7.0 6.0 6.8 5.8 8.1 6.9 7.8 6.6
Yuba City............. 55.7 55.8 56.6 56.9 10.1 8.9 11.1 9.7 18.2 16.0 19.7 17.1
Colorado................ 2,176.0 2,236.3 2,184.4 2,221.2 86.6 76.0 86.3 62.8 4.0 3.4 4.0 2.8
Boulder-Longmont...... 165.6 171.2 168.3 171.2 5.2 4.9 5.3 4.1 3.1 2.8 3.2 2.4
Colorado Springs...... 247.4 252.2 247.9 251.4 10.3 9.6 10.8 7.8 4.2 3.8 4.4 3.1
Denver................ 1,089.9 1,121.3 1,093.5 1,116.2 35.9 31.0 35.5 25.7 3.3 2.8 3.2 2.3
Fort Collins-Loveland. 134.1 141.6 135.3 140.0 5.3 5.3 5.2 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.1
Grand Junction........ 56.3 58.7 56.4 57.7 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.4 5.9 5.3 5.5 4.1
Greeley............... 82.3 82.0 83.1 81.3 3.9 3.5 3.6 2.9 4.8 4.2 4.4 3.5
Pueblo................ 60.6 60.7 61.3 60.1 5.0 3.5 5.0 2.9 8.2 5.8 8.2 4.8
Connecticut............. 1,679.9 1,701.6 1,679.8 1,698.6 74.2 61.1 70.7 62.2 4.4 3.6 4.2 3.7
Bridgeport............ 216.8 217.5 216.0 217.8 11.0 9.4 10.5 9.6 5.1 4.3 4.9 4.4
Danbury............... 107.2 108.6 107.0 108.1 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.9
Hartford.............. 570.8 577.2 572.9 577.1 26.8 21.9 25.2 22.1 4.7 3.8 4.4 3.8
New Haven-Meriden..... 266.6 272.6 267.1 272.9 11.2 9.3 10.6 9.2 4.2 3.4 4.0 3.4
New London-Norwich.... 150.1 151.7 149.2 151.2 7.6 5.8 7.3 5.7 5.1 3.8 4.9 3.8
Stamford-Norwalk...... 188.6 191.8 188.3 190.8 5.2 4.5 5.2 4.8 2.8 2.4 2.7 2.5
Waterbury............. 113.7 115.3 113.6 114.7 5.9 5.1 5.8 5.3 5.2 4.4 5.1 4.6
Delaware................ 383.7 398.1 386.8 396.7 17.7 15.2 18.2 14.8 4.6 3.8 4.7 3.7
Dover................. 67.5 70.2 67.2 69.3 3.4 2.8 3.3 2.8 5.0 4.0 4.9 4.0
Wilmington-Newark..... 291.5 299.7 293.6 298.9 14.2 10.9 14.9 10.5 4.9 3.6 5.1 3.5
District of Columbia.... 259.8 260.9 263.3 266.9 24.0 20.0 25.6 20.6 9.3 7.7 9.7 7.7
Washington............ 2,488.5 2,586.5 2,500.7 2,600.9 89.5 72.3 93.2 74.9 3.6 2.8 3.7 2.9
Florida................. 7,031.3 7,313.0 7,040.5 7,330.0 339.3 333.0 294.8 291.4 4.8 4.6 4.2 4.0
Daytona Beach......... 185.7 191.1 187.3 192.6 7.8 7.6 6.6 6.4 4.2 4.0 3.5 3.3
Fort Lauderdale....... 738.0 760.4 739.3 761.2 37.6 37.0 33.9 33.0 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.3
Fort Myers-Cape Coral. 171.5 177.2 171.7 177.5 5.9 5.4 5.1 4.4 3.4 3.0 3.0 2.5
Fort Pierce-Port St.
Lucie.............. 118.9 122.1 118.3 120.9 9.8 9.4 8.2 7.8 8.3 7.7 6.9 6.4
Fort Walton Beach..... 76.4 78.7 76.8 79.3 3.5 3.3 3.0 2.8 4.5 4.1 3.9 3.6
Gainesville........... 100.9 103.2 100.3 103.7 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.4 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.3
Jacksonville.......... 513.9 535.6 516.5 538.7 19.5 17.8 16.7 16.4 3.8 3.3 3.2 3.0
Lakeland-Winter Haven. 194.7 199.7 193.7 199.5 10.2 9.7 8.7 8.4 5.3 4.8 4.5 4.2
Melbourne-Titusville-
Palm Bay........... 198.2 207.6 197.9 207.4 9.3 10.3 7.9 9.0 4.7 5.0 4.0 4.4
Miami................. 1,020.1 1,040.5 1,014.7 1,036.0 72.7 73.7 63.5 65.5 7.1 7.1 6.3 6.3
Naples................ 90.8 96.1 91.0 96.7 3.6 3.1 2.9 2.5 3.9 3.2 3.2 2.6
Ocala................. 94.6 98.3 93.8 97.7 4.7 4.5 3.9 3.8 4.9 4.6 4.2 3.9
Orlando............... 809.1 851.6 814.5 856.8 27.8 27.7 24.0 24.1 3.4 3.3 2.9 2.8
Panama City........... 63.1 65.0 62.8 65.0 6.3 6.2 4.7 4.9 9.9 9.5 7.5 7.6
Pensacola............. 165.7 173.5 165.9 173.4 7.5 7.5 6.9 6.3 4.5 4.3 4.2 3.7
Punta Gorda........... 44.7 45.4 44.6 45.5 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 4.8 4.2 4.1 3.5
Sarasota-Bradenton.... 252.3 264.1 252.6 264.7 7.9 7.2 6.6 5.9 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.2
Tallahassee........... 141.4 145.0 142.1 146.4 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.1 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.8
Tampa-St.
Petersburg-Clearwa-
ter................ 1,138.0 1,199.2 1,144.7 1,207.6 41.8 38.8 36.3 34.0 3.7 3.2 3.2 2.8
West Palm Beach-Boca
Raton.............. 484.7 520.2 486.2 521.9 27.4 27.9 24.4 25.4 5.7 5.4 5.0 4.9
Georgia................. 3,935.9 3,983.9 3,986.3 4,024.5 160.7 144.7 177.5 166.0 4.1 3.6 4.5 4.1
Albany................ 57.6 56.5 58.0 57.3 3.8 4.2 4.1 5.2 6.6 7.5 7.1 9.0
Athens................ 74.1 71.6 75.4 72.7 2.3 1.7 2.4 1.9 3.0 2.3 3.2 2.6
Atlanta............... 2,097.9 2,102.6 2,122.9 2,115.1 67.4 60.1 72.6 68.3 3.2 2.9 3.4 3.2
Augusta-Aiken......... 204.2 201.2 205.6 202.4 11.8 9.0 11.9 10.1 5.8 4.5 5.8 5.0
Columbus.............. 124.4 124.8 125.1 125.2 5.4 6.1 5.7 6.5 4.4 4.9 4.5 5.2
Macon................. 152.0 149.8 153.2 149.8 7.0 6.4 8.5 7.1 4.6 4.3 5.5 4.8
Savannah.............. 133.2 132.3 134.8 132.6 5.4 5.0 5.8 5.6 4.1 3.8 4.3 4.2
Hawaii.................. 593.2 600.5 591.5 595.9 36.6 36.2 36.4 34.6 6.2 6.0 6.2 5.8
Honolulu.............. 427.0 430.9 426.4 428.6 22.5 22.9 22.1 21.8 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1
Idaho................... 634.4 655.5 636.2 654.4 42.4 38.8 42.0 39.4 6.7 5.9 6.6 6.0
Boise City............ 218.6 227.8 219.6 227.4 10.7 9.2 9.4 8.8 4.9 4.1 4.3 3.9
Pocatello............. 39.9 39.8 40.1 40.6 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.2 6.2 5.4 6.0 5.5
Illinois................ 6,151.0 6,217.0 6,150.9 6,218.3 335.7 294.9 312.1 277.8 5.5 4.7 5.1 4.5
Bloomington-Normal.... 84.2 86.3 84.1 86.1 2.9 2.3 2.5 2.1 3.4 2.6 3.0 2.4
Champaign-Urbana...... 88.8 90.9 93.5 94.4 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.7 3.5 3.1 3.1 2.8
Chicago............... 4,101.3 4,166.0 4,105.3 4,166.3 208.9 179.9 196.2 172.7 5.1 4.3 4.8 4.1
Davenport-Moline-Rock
Island............. 183.6 186.3 184.9 185.8 7.9 10.4 7.6 9.5 4.3 5.6 4.1 5.1
Decatur............... 57.2 56.4 57.0 56.4 4.0 2.9 3.6 2.6 6.9 5.1 6.3 4.7
Kankakee.............. 52.3 52.5 51.8 52.2 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.3 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.3
Peoria-Pekin.......... 182.1 184.6 181.8 184.1 9.2 8.1 8.0 7.5 5.1 4.4 4.4 4.1
Rockford.............. 194.3 194.7 194.1 194.2 10.5 9.8 9.9 9.5 5.4 5.1 5.1 4.9
Springfield........... 105.8 106.0 105.7 106.0 5.5 4.6 4.8 4.1 5.2 4.3 4.6 3.9
Indiana................. 3,027.8 3,071.6 3,033.0 3,095.5 115.1 107.0 114.2 101.8 3.8 3.5 3.8 3.3
Bloomington........... 60.9 60.3 62.0 61.8 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.7 3.1 2.6 2.7
Elkhart-Goshen........ 92.3 95.0 92.5 96.0 3.1 2.3 2.8 2.0 3.3 2.4 3.0 2.1
Evansville-Henderson.. 153.4 157.1 153.5 157.9 6.6 5.7 6.5 5.5 4.3 3.6 4.2 3.5
Fort Wayne............ 260.6 262.9 260.4 264.8 8.3 8.5 8.3 8.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2
Gary.................. 297.1 301.3 298.2 303.4 13.6 12.8 13.8 12.7 4.6 4.2 4.6 4.2
Indianapolis.......... 816.7 836.1 817.3 841.8 23.8 22.5 23.6 21.6 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.6
Kokomo................ 49.8 50.1 50.1 50.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.5 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.0
Lafayette............. 87.9 88.9 89.8 91.5 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.4
Muncie................ 61.7 60.9 62.5 62.1 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.5 4.5 4.3 4.8 4.0
South Bend............ 134.0 135.2 134.1 136.3 4.8 4.3 4.8 4.3 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.1
Terre Haute........... 69.9 70.0 69.7 70.3 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.5 6.4 5.4 6.2 5.0
Iowa.................... 1,553.9 1,574.5 1,555.4 1,571.7 57.9 58.1 55.2 51.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.3
Cedar Rapids.......... 108.5 111.9 110.4 112.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.2
Des Moines............ 249.9 257.5 253.3 258.8 6.9 6.2 6.6 5.8 2.8 2.4 2.6 2.3
Dubuque............... 48.6 48.8 48.8 49.0 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.9 4.6 4.2 4.3 3.9
Iowa City............. 65.0 65.9 65.7 65.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3
Sioux City............ 64.5 66.0 64.7 65.7 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.1 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.2
Waterloo-Cedar Falls.. 68.8 70.4 70.0 69.9 2.8 5.4 2.8 2.8 4.1 7.6 4.0 4.0
Kansas.................. 1,376.6 1,432.2 1,377.6 1,432.4 60.6 57.7 57.4 52.3 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.7
Lawrence.............. 52.7 55.3 53.4 56.0 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 4.7 4.2 4.4 3.9
Topeka................ 89.4 91.7 89.3 91.8 4.9 4.2 4.4 3.6 5.5 4.6 5.0 3.9
Wichita............... 281.9 293.7 282.5 294.6 9.8 10.8 9.5 10.1 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.4
Kentucky................ 1,889.1 1,910.8 1,884.3 1,907.6 105.2 92.4 103.8 91.6 5.6 4.8 5.5 4.8
Lexington............. 245.9 249.6 247.4 250.9 6.1 5.4 6.2 5.6 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.2
Louisville............ 535.8 547.1 536.2 547.4 20.4 17.0 20.5 16.8 3.8 3.1 3.8 3.1
Owensboro............. 48.3 49.2 48.0 48.8 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.7
Louisiana............... 2,019.0 2,039.2 2,010.4 2,031.0 133.7 123.0 107.5 108.6 6.6 6.0 5.3 5.3
Alexandria............ 58.6 59.4 58.0 59.0 4.0 3.3 2.9 2.8 6.9 5.6 5.0 4.8
Baton Rouge........... 287.4 296.9 290.0 299.8 15.5 13.5 12.6 11.9 5.4 4.6 4.3 4.0
Houma................. 92.4 95.2 92.4 94.8 3.3 4.7 2.8 4.4 3.6 4.9 3.0 4.6
Lafayette............. 176.7 179.7 176.0 179.3 12.0 11.2 9.5 10.4 6.8 6.2 5.4 5.8
Lake Charles.......... 91.4 91.0 90.6 91.4 6.2 5.3 4.3 4.4 6.7 5.8 4.8 4.8
Monroe................ 69.8 70.1 69.5 70.0 4.7 3.7 3.7 3.0 6.8 5.2 5.4 4.3
New Orleans........... 609.5 612.8 607.5 610.8 32.5 28.9 27.1 26.1 5.3 4.7 4.5 4.3
Shreveport-Bossier
City............... 183.7 185.6 182.5 184.4 13.2 10.9 10.8 9.6 7.2 5.9 5.9 5.2
Maine................... 637.2 648.7 633.9 651.8 41.8 30.8 38.3 30.5 6.6 4.7 6.0 4.7
Bangor................ 48.4 50.3 49.2 51.9 2.4 1.7 2.2 1.6 5.0 3.3 4.4 3.1
Lewiston-Auburn....... 51.7 53.2 50.9 53.0 3.6 2.3 3.2 2.3 6.9 4.4 6.2 4.3
Portland.............. 130.7 138.4 128.4 135.0 4.3 3.0 4.2 3.0 3.3 2.1 3.2 2.2
Maryland................ 2,717.7 2,772.4 2,708.6 2,780.0 148.3 111.1 147.1 121.3 5.5 4.0 5.4 4.4
Baltimore............. 1,287.3 1,308.2 1,279.0 1,311.0 77.7 56.4 72.9 61.9 6.0 4.3 5.7 4.7
Cumberland............ 44.7 46.2 44.8 45.9 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.3 9.6 10.2 9.7 9.3
Hagerstown............ 68.8 69.9 68.5 70.2 4.1 3.3 4.1 3.7 5.9 4.7 6.0 5.3
Massachusetts........... 3,255.4 3,242.3 3,248.8 3,233.2 141.2 124.9 129.1 106.8 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.3
Barnstable-Yarmouth... 67.7 68.9 67.0 68.4 5.4 4.5 4.8 3.7 8.0 6.6 7.1 5.4
Boston................ 1,811.4 1,802.9 1,807.6 1,798.8 62.0 54.4 56.8 46.7 3.4 3.0 3.1 2.6
Brockton.............. 129.6 131.5 129.6 131.8 6.2 5.3 5.6 4.6 4.8 4.0 4.3 3.5
Fitchburg-Leominster.. 68.8 68.8 68.6 68.4 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.8 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.1
Lawrence.............. 197.4 196.9 197.0 196.5 10.0 9.7 9.2 8.8 5.1 4.9 4.7 4.5
Lowell................ 163.9 167.9 163.7 166.5 6.6 6.4 6.0 5.4 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.2
New Bedford........... 83.0 83.1 82.2 82.4 7.7 6.6 7.2 5.6 9.3 8.0 8.7 6.8
Pittsfield............ 39.9 39.5 39.6 39.2 2.4 2.0 2.2 1.9 6.0 5.2 5.6 4.7
Springfield........... 282.6 279.0 283.5 279.7 14.5 12.7 13.2 10.7 5.1 4.6 4.6 3.8
Worcester............. 253.2 250.9 253.1 249.9 9.9 9.4 9.4 8.2 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.3
Michigan................ 4,948.4 4,999.6 4,965.0 5,021.1 234.7 227.6 226.5 232.7 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6
Ann Arbor............. 292.0 295.3 294.7 298.9 7.8 8.7 7.4 8.5 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.9
Benton Harbor......... 81.2 81.1 81.1 81.3 4.4 3.9 4.2 3.8 5.5 4.9 5.2 4.6
Detroit............... 2,224.0 2,251.9 2,230.1 2,252.4 92.6 89.8 86.8 93.0 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.1
Flint................. 199.4 198.5 199.4 198.4 11.1 11.4 11.3 11.1 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.6
Grand
Rapids-Muskegon-Ho-
lland.............. 582.0 594.8 585.2 596.7 21.0 21.8 20.4 22.1 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.7
Jackson............... 74.8 75.7 75.2 76.1 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.3 4.8 4.3 4.7 4.3
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek 228.4 229.0 229.6 230.7 9.4 9.2 9.3 9.4 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.1
Lansing-East Lansing.. 245.4 235.7 245.2 243.1 11.2 7.4 10.4 7.5 4.6 3.2 4.2 3.1
Saginaw-Bay
City-Midland....... 197.1 198.9 196.7 199.4 10.4 10.3 10.6 10.6 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.3
Minnesota............... 2,611.2 2,678.7 2,616.0 2,672.0 92.5 85.7 82.9 74.8 3.5 3.2 3.2 2.8
Duluth-Superior....... 122.2 124.3 121.9 123.3 6.3 5.8 5.9 5.3 5.2 4.7 4.8 4.3
Minneapolis-St.Paul... 1,630.5 1,678.7 1,633.4 1,678.2 40.7 37.8 36.9 33.2 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.0
Rochester............. 68.2 70.0 68.3 69.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8
St. Cloud............. 92.6 93.5 93.5 93.6 4.6 3.9 4.0 3.2 5.0 4.1 4.3 3.4
Mississippi............. 1,251.7 1,281.1 1,257.7 1,273.5 76.8 74.1 70.8 55.4 6.1 5.8 5.6 4.3
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pasca-
goula.............. 163.7 168.4 165.6 168.8 6.6 6.2 6.2 4.6 4.1 3.7 3.7 2.7
Hattiesburg........... 50.2 50.5 50.5 50.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.2 3.3 3.4 3.1 2.4
Jackson............... 219.0 224.6 221.1 225.3 7.9 8.1 7.5 6.0 3.6 3.6 3.4 2.7
Missouri................ 2,821.7 2,856.7 2,820.1 2,866.6 149.0 93.9 142.0 89.1 5.3 3.3 5.0 3.1
Columbia.............. (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Joplin................ (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Kansas City........... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
St. Joseph............ (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
St. Louis LMA......... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Springfield........... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Montana................. 455.5 469.0 459.6 471.3 31.4 29.8 31.5 30.9 6.9 6.3 6.8 6.5
Billings.............. 68.4 70.4 70.6 70.8 3.7 3.0 3.6 3.1 5.4 4.3 5.1 4.4
Great Falls........... 38.1 38.1 37.8 38.1 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6 6.6 6.4 6.4 6.7
Missoula.............. 51.5 52.1 52.0 51.4 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.5 5.4 4.9 5.6 4.8
Nebraska................ 893.1 925.0 893.9 922.1 29.7 28.3 27.3 25.5 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.8
Lincoln............... 139.0 145.4 140.4 145.9 3.8 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.2
Omaha................. 380.4 394.3 381.9 393.5 12.6 10.8 11.9 9.6 3.3 2.7 3.1 2.4
Nevada.................. 892.9 928.2 902.8 936.7 46.2 35.1 45.1 34.1 5.2 3.8 5.0 3.6
Las Vegas............. 675.7 713.6 682.8 719.4 32.4 25.4 30.7 23.9 4.8 3.6 4.5 3.3
Reno.................. 170.5 173.9 172.6 175.8 8.5 6.9 8.9 7.2 5.0 3.9 5.1 4.1
New Hampshire........... 642.4 663.0 641.8 666.1 22.6 21.0 22.5 22.2 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.3
Manchester............ 102.7 106.4 101.9 106.7 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.1
Nashua................ 101.7 104.4 101.0 105.6 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4
Portsmouth-Rochester.. 120.2 124.7 120.9 126.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.8
New Jersey.............. 4,121.5 4,173.5 4,120.4 4,185.6 219.8 206.2 211.2 186.1 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.4
Atlantic-Cape May..... 168.2 168.7 167.8 166.7 18.8 18.2 17.8 15.9 11.2 10.8 10.6 9.5
Bergen-Passaic........ 670.9 679.0 668.1 679.2 33.6 32.2 31.8 29.2 5.0 4.7 4.8 4.3
Jersey City........... 281.3 284.1 281.2 285.1 22.3 21.1 21.2 19.0 7.9 7.4 7.6 6.7
Middlesex-Somerset-Hu-
nterdon............ 627.7 636.5 629.7 641.3 22.8 20.7 22.4 19.1 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.0
Monmouth-Ocean........ 503.4 508.9 503.8 511.4 26.6 24.9 25.6 22.2 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.3
Newark................ 1,002.8 1,024.8 1,001.9 1,027.4 50.3 47.5 48.3 43.3 5.0 4.6 4.8 4.2
Trenton............... 167.2 167.5 167.4 168.1 7.9 7.4 7.6 6.7 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.0
Vineland-Millville-Br-
idgeton............ 65.2 65.5 64.7 65.1 6.8 6.5 6.6 5.7 10.5 9.9 10.2 8.7
New Mexico.............. 816.2 832.1 819.2 834.2 51.7 55.9 47.0 51.8 6.3 6.7 5.7 6.2
Albuquerque........... 356.2 364.0 358.5 365.6 14.6 16.9 13.5 15.1 4.1 4.6 3.8 4.1
Las Cruces............ 67.2 68.2 66.9 68.9 6.3 6.2 6.0 6.1 9.4 9.1 9.0 8.9
Santa Fe.............. 72.3 73.7 73.1 73.9 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.1 3.7 3.2 3.2 2.8
New York................ 8,818.1 8,795.6 8,850.5 8,836.9 590.9 517.4 586.9 528.9 6.7 5.9 6.6 6.0
Albany-Schenectady-Tr-
oy................. 449.2 447.5 452.0 451.3 21.8 17.7 21.8 18.3 4.9 4.0 4.8 4.0
Binghamton............ 123.8 124.3 124.2 124.9 6.4 6.0 6.5 6.0 5.2 4.8 5.2 4.8
Buffalo-Niagara Falls. 574.5 572.2 576.0 573.3 36.1 34.3 36.3 34.4 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.0
Dutchess County....... 118.0 119.3 118.5 119.8 5.0 4.4 5.0 4.6 4.2 3.7 4.2 3.9
Elmira................ 44.5 44.8 44.4 44.9 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.4 4.7 4.5 5.2 5.4
Glens Falls........... 58.6 58.1 58.8 58.7 5.0 3.9 5.0 4.1 8.6 6.6 8.4 7.0
Jamestown............. 68.1 67.1 67.6 67.8 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.1 6.7 6.4 6.5 6.0
Nassau-Suffolk........ 1,376.5 1,390.3 1,377.2 1,390.4 54.0 43.4 54.3 46.2 3.9 3.1 3.9 3.3
New York.............. 4,082.1 4,054.9 4,101.5 4,072.1 334.5 296.1 335.1 298.7 8.2 7.3 8.2 7.3
New York City...... 3,444.3 3,411.6 3,464.1 3,426.6 310.1 275.7 310.4 276.5 9.0 8.1 9.0 8.1
Newburgh.............. 171.3 171.8 171.6 172.7 7.4 6.5 7.6 6.7 4.3 3.8 4.4 3.9
Rochester............. 572.6 570.4 573.2 573.3 27.0 25.3 27.3 27.6 4.7 4.4 4.8 4.8
Syracuse.............. 360.7 361.5 362.1 362.8 19.3 16.8 19.2 17.2 5.4 4.7 5.3 4.7
Utica-Rome............ 142.7 141.7 142.1 141.8 8.9 7.5 8.9 7.6 6.2 5.3 6.3 5.4
North Carolina.......... 3,737.5 3,796.8 3,745.9 3,799.1 156.0 135.0 154.4 133.6 4.2 3.6 4.1 3.5
Asheville............. 107.8 110.6 108.1 110.4 3.7 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.5 2.9 3.5 2.9
Charlotte-Gastonia-Ro-
ck Hill............ 730.8 744.6 734.8 749.6 21.7 18.5 21.2 19.1 3.0 2.5 2.9 2.5
Fayetteville.......... 112.8 113.7 112.9 113.8 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.3 3.9
Goldsboro............. 47.6 47.7 47.3 47.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 4.9 4.3 4.5 4.4
Greensboro�Winston-Sa-
lem�High Point..... 622.2 635.0 624.6 635.6 20.1 15.4 20.2 15.9 3.2 2.4 3.2 2.5
Greenville............ 63.4 64.8 63.4 64.7 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.8 4.4 3.9 4.5 4.3
Hickory-Morganton-Len-
oir................ 170.7 170.5 169.8 170.0 6.1 4.2 5.7 4.3 3.6 2.5 3.3 2.5
Jacksonville.......... 45.0 45.1 44.9 45.1 2.1 1.8 2.0 1.7 4.6 3.9 4.5 3.7
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel
Hill............... 601.4 632.9 608.4 635.1 12.2 10.3 12.4 10.3 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.6
Rocky Mount........... 67.2 66.0 66.6 65.0 5.2 4.6 4.9 4.2 7.8 7.0 7.4 6.5
Wilmington............ 104.5 104.5 104.8 105.3 6.0 4.6 5.9 4.4 5.7 4.4 5.7 4.2
North Dakota............ 336.5 334.6 338.4 336.3 12.3 10.6 11.6 10.2 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.0
Bismarck.............. 52.6 52.8 52.9 52.9 2.0 1.6 1.9 1.5 3.8 3.0 3.6 2.8
Fargo-Moorhead........ 100.8 101.9 101.9 102.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0
Grand Forks........... 52.8 52.2 53.2 52.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.8
Ohio.................... 5,553.8 5,711.1 5,543.0 5,724.8 277.5 278.8 265.1 271.7 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.7
Akron................. 352.8 362.7 351.9 363.4 17.5 17.4 16.6 17.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7
Canton-Massillon...... 197.1 202.8 197.1 204.0 10.3 10.6 9.8 10.2 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.0
Cincinnati............ 815.4 844.5 814.8 845.1 33.0 31.3 30.9 29.5 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.5
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyr-
ia................. 1,081.4 1,115.2 1,082.5 1,114.4 54.5 55.3 53.8 54.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9
Columbus.............. 792.5 815.0 791.4 819.6 24.2 24.0 23.0 23.6 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9
Dayton-Springfield.... 464.4 469.3 463.7 472.1 19.0 19.0 18.1 18.8 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0
Hamilton-Middletown... 174.0 179.5 174.7 180.1 6.8 6.8 6.4 6.5 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6
Lima.................. 72.7 74.5 71.9 74.9 3.8 4.3 3.5 3.9 5.2 5.8 4.9 5.2
Mansfield............. 81.6 82.5 81.2 82.9 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.9 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.9
Steubenville-Weirton.. 56.6 57.2 55.7 56.5 4.6 5.1 3.9 4.7 8.1 8.9 7.0 8.2
Toledo................ 309.6 318.5 308.3 319.0 16.2 16.5 15.3 16.3 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.1
Youngstown-Warren..... 277.6 284.1 275.6 283.4 18.7 18.3 17.0 17.2 6.7 6.5 6.2 6.1
Oklahoma................ 1,589.1 1,626.4 1,600.2 1,632.5 75.4 74.3 77.7 74.0 4.7 4.6 4.9 4.5
Enid.................. 27.6 27.4 27.4 27.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 3.9 3.9 4.1 3.9
Lawton................ 40.5 41.1 40.6 41.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.1 5.5 5.2 5.7 5.2
Oklahoma City......... 519.5 534.5 523.1 534.9 20.2 19.9 20.5 19.3 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.6
Tulsa................. 400.7 416.9 403.8 417.5 15.5 14.2 15.3 14.7 3.9 3.4 3.8 3.5
Oregon.................. 1,737.0 1,747.7 1,729.0 1,765.9 112.8 114.2 111.6 119.0 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.7
Eugene-Springfield.... 160.6 162.6 159.8 163.8 10.5 10.0 10.5 10.3 6.5 6.1 6.6 6.3
Medford-Ashland....... 87.7 87.9 86.9 89.3 7.2 7.1 7.6 7.7 8.2 8.1 8.7 8.6
Portland-Vancouver.... 1,036.8 1,051.3 1,032.4 1,058.8 44.8 50.5 44.6 51.3 4.3 4.8 4.3 4.8
Salem................. 162.2 163.8 161.0 164.8 11.8 11.6 10.7 12.3 7.3 7.1 6.6 7.5
Pennsylvania............ 5,878.0 5,864.9 5,873.7 5,911.6 320.1 289.6 313.9 288.4 5.4 4.9 5.3 4.9
Allentown-Bethlehem-E-
aston.............. 307.9 310.2 308.0 312.2 15.6 14.8 15.4 14.7 5.1 4.8 5.0 4.7
Altoona............... 61.6 61.9 61.4 62.8 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.3 5.9 5.2 5.9 5.3
Erie.................. 138.7 138.1 138.1 139.1 8.5 7.6 8.4 7.7 6.1 5.5 6.1 5.5
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Ca-
rlisle............. 344.1 346.5 344.2 348.7 11.9 11.3 12.2 11.5 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.3
Johnstown............. 103.0 102.0 102.3 102.7 8.8 7.2 8.5 7.4 8.5 7.1 8.4 7.2
Lancaster............. 234.2 237.4 235.3 239.8 7.9 7.2 7.9 7.1 3.4 3.0 3.3 3.0
Philadelphia.......... 2,470.9 2,462.8 2,470.4 2,480.1 116.4 101.9 114.4 101.2 4.7 4.1 4.6 4.1
Pittsburgh............ 1,141.8 1,143.9 1,137.6 1,148.7 63.2 59.2 61.9 57.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 5.0
Reading............... 180.8 179.5 180.9 181.9 8.0 7.9 8.1 8.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5
Scranton�Wilkes-Barre-
�Hazleton.......... 308.2 304.7 306.7 306.2 24.6 21.2 23.2 20.1 8.0 7.0 7.6 6.6
Sharon................ 55.8 55.1 56.2 56.1 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.5 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.5
State College......... 63.7 63.9 66.1 67.4 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.1 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.2
Williamsport.......... 57.8 56.3 57.1 57.2 4.6 3.5 4.4 3.6 7.9 6.2 7.7 6.2
York.................. 190.2 189.2 190.2 191.1 7.5 7.2 7.7 7.2 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.8
Rhode Island............ 496.7 496.0 499.0 497.5 30.8 26.5 33.0 25.7 6.2 5.3 6.6 5.2
Providence-Fall
River-Warwick...... 574.3 572.8 575.9 573.4 36.4 31.3 37.8 29.7 6.3 5.5 6.6 5.2
South Carolina.......... 1,908.6 1,933.1 1,923.2 1,957.1 81.0 79.1 74.8 86.2 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.4
Charleston-North
Charleston......... 255.1 261.9 258.0 265.7 8.3 7.7 7.4 8.5 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.2
Columbia.............. 271.6 275.6 274.4 279.8 6.0 5.4 5.7 6.1 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2
Florence.............. 62.8 63.4 63.3 64.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.1 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.9
Greenville-Spartanbur-
g-Anderson......... 484.6 486.3 488.4 492.5 12.0 14.6 12.3 15.6 2.5 3.0 2.5 3.2
Myrtle Beach.......... 95.6 100.3 96.2 101.5 7.6 6.6 5.7 5.9 7.9 6.6 6.0 5.8
Sumter................ 46.9 46.9 47.4 47.6 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.6 4.8 4.5 4.6 5.4
South Dakota............ 384.1 389.9 384.5 390.8 15.4 13.3 14.1 12.5 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.2
Rapid City............ 45.6 46.5 45.6 46.3 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.3 4.0 3.1 3.5 2.8
Sioux Falls........... 97.1 100.2 97.3 100.9 2.4 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.5 2.0 2.3 1.9
Tennessee............... 2,668.3 2,767.2 2,681.4 2,771.4 137.2 134.0 126.4 128.3 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.6
Chattanooga........... 216.5 216.6 216.8 216.5 10.5 8.4 9.7 8.5 4.8 3.9 4.5 3.9
Clarksville-Hopkinsvi-
lle................ 78.6 81.3 78.8 81.5 3.5 2.9 3.2 2.9 4.4 3.6 4.1 3.5
Jackson............... 54.8 56.2 55.2 56.1 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.1 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.8
Johnson
City-Kingsport-Bri-
stol............... 218.9 224.6 220.0 225.0 11.7 11.5 10.6 11.1 5.3 5.1 4.8 4.9
Knoxville............. 331.3 341.7 332.7 342.3 16.5 16.3 15.2 15.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.6
Memphis............... 524.8 560.4 527.4 563.1 23.1 20.4 20.9 19.4 4.4 3.6 4.0 3.4
Nashville............. 618.7 644.2 623.2 645.7 18.7 18.5 17.2 17.8 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8
Texas................... 9,889.8 10,197.4 9,892.3 10,186.8 529.1 525.9 486.6 482.7 5.4 5.2 4.9 4.7
Abilene............... 60.5 62.2 60.5 62.1 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.4 3.7 4.0 3.4 3.9
Amarillo.............. 110.9 112.7 110.5 112.3 4.4 3.7 4.0 3.3 4.0 3.3 3.6 3.0
Austin-San Marcos..... 658.7 690.0 664.2 693.5 19.8 18.6 17.6 16.2 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.3
Beaumont-Port Arthur.. 180.8 186.2 180.8 187.2 14.5 14.2 12.7 13.6 8.0 7.6 7.0 7.3
Brazoria.............. 104.6 105.4 105.2 106.1 7.1 6.9 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.1 6.2
Brownsville-Harlingen-
San Benito......... 127.1 130.2 126.1 127.9 17.5 18.1 16.4 15.7 13.8 13.9 13.0 12.3
Bryan-College Station. 70.6 73.2 73.0 77.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7
Corpus Christi........ 174.0 177.3 173.6 176.4 12.1 11.9 11.4 11.0 7.0 6.7 6.6 6.2
Dallas................ 1,817.1 1,890.5 1,820.1 1,891.5 65.4 61.2 60.7 56.7 3.6 3.2 3.3 3.0
El Paso............... 286.4 289.1 284.5 286.5 30.5 31.0 29.3 28.3 10.6 10.7 10.3 9.9
Fort Worth-Arlington.. 853.3 886.9 856.0 890.0 30.6 30.1 28.8 27.2 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.1
Galveston-Texas City.. 122.5 123.8 122.6 123.1 9.3 8.3 8.2 7.4 7.6 6.7 6.7 6.0
Houston............... 2,067.7 2,143.0 2,070.9 2,139.0 94.6 94.0 86.3 88.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.2
Killeen-Temple........ 113.3 114.9 113.5 114.9 5.6 4.5 5.2 4.0 4.9 4.0 4.6 3.5
Laredo................ 72.4 75.2 71.4 74.4 7.3 7.7 6.8 7.4 10.1 10.2 9.5 9.9
Longview-Marshall..... 103.9 106.4 103.2 105.7 7.8 8.3 7.1 7.4 7.5 7.8 6.9 7.0
Lubbock............... 121.4 122.3 122.1 123.0 4.5 3.6 4.3 3.5 3.7 3.0 3.5 2.9
McAllen-Edinburg-Miss-
ion................ 201.4 204.6 198.2 198.5 43.0 40.5 39.3 34.1 21.4 19.8 19.8 17.2
Odessa-Midland........ 125.0 130.3 125.5 129.6 5.6 11.8 5.3 11.9 4.5 9.0 4.3 9.2
San Angelo............ 51.1 53.0 51.2 53.0 1.7 2.7 1.5 2.4 3.3 5.1 2.9 4.5
San Antonio........... 741.0 759.6 741.2 760.6 29.5 25.4 27.0 22.5 4.0 3.3 3.6 3.0
Sherman-Denison....... 49.9 51.3 50.1 51.3 2.3 2.9 2.1 2.6 4.5 5.7 4.1 5.0
Texarkana............. 56.0 56.4 55.5 56.2 4.7 3.7 4.5 3.4 8.4 6.6 8.1 6.0
Tyler................. 88.7 91.2 88.2 90.8 5.4 4.4 4.8 3.9 6.1 4.8 5.4 4.3
Victoria.............. 43.1 43.2 42.9 43.3 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.2
Waco.................. 99.7 101.3 99.5 101.3 4.9 3.8 4.3 3.4 4.9 3.7 4.3 3.4
Wichita Falls......... 65.4 66.7 65.6 66.6 3.3 3.8 3.2 3.6 5.0 5.7 4.8 5.4
Utah.................... 1,037.7 1,083.3 1,034.8 1,083.5 39.1 37.2 43.3 38.0 3.8 3.4 4.2 3.5
Provo-Orem............ 154.2 163.2 154.6 163.4 4.7 4.9 5.4 5.2 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.2
Salt Lake City-Ogden.. 665.6 694.5 663.4 695.2 23.7 21.6 25.9 22.4 3.6 3.1 3.9 3.2
Vermont................. 323.9 332.1 326.4 336.6 15.3 13.3 15.7 13.9 4.7 4.0 4.8 4.1
Burlington............ 95.7 103.8 97.6 106.0 3.0 2.6 3.1 2.8 3.1 2.5 3.2 2.6
Virginia................ 3,381.2 3,542.4 3,396.4 3,548.3 118.0 103.7 109.5 97.7 3.5 2.9 3.2 2.8
Charlottesville....... 69.9 75.0 72.5 76.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.1
Danville.............. 56.0 57.2 55.4 56.8 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.0 5.4 5.2 5.2 5.2
Lynchburg............. 99.4 103.8 100.6 103.9 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.3 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.2
Norfolk-Virginia
Beach-Newport News. 712.1 740.2 714.5 740.8 28.5 25.3 26.2 24.3 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.3
Richmond-Petersburg... 496.0 516.9 498.4 517.4 14.2 12.5 13.7 11.8 2.9 2.4 2.8 2.3
Roanoke............... 126.0 132.9 126.7 133.4 3.3 2.7 3.7 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.9 1.8
Washington.............. 3,013.7 3,076.5 3,004.2 3,073.9 162.5 168.8 161.0 174.7 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.7
Bellingham............ 78.2 80.1 77.9 80.9 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.7 6.7 6.5 6.7 7.1
Bremerton............. 92.3 93.8 91.2 93.2 5.2 4.9 5.2 5.1 5.6 5.3 5.7 5.4
Olympia............... 100.4 101.9 99.9 101.8 5.6 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.2 5.4 5.3
Richland-Kennewick-Pa-
sco................ 90.2 90.8 90.1 91.2 8.4 8.2 8.1 7.8 9.4 9.0 9.0 8.5
Seattle-Bellevue-Ever-
ett................ 1,380.0 1,413.4 1,378.3 1,406.7 44.0 47.7 44.6 50.7 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.6
Spokane............... 208.4 213.1 207.8 212.5 11.3 13.8 11.6 14.3 5.4 6.5 5.6 6.7
Tacoma................ 332.6 344.0 330.6 342.6 15.9 16.1 16.1 17.2 4.8 4.7 4.9 5.0
Yakima................ 107.5 107.2 107.4 108.3 15.8 15.4 14.9 15.1 14.7 14.4 13.9 13.9
West Virginia........... 786.8 803.7 786.2 799.0 61.3 61.1 61.5 54.9 7.8 7.6 7.8 6.9
Charleston............ 128.4 131.2 128.1 131.2 7.1 6.8 7.0 6.4 5.5 5.2 5.5 4.9
Huntington-Ashland.... 135.5 138.4 135.8 138.2 10.3 10.4 10.2 10.1 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.3
Parkersburg-Marietta.. 75.1 77.3 74.7 77.8 5.1 5.4 5.1 5.1 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.5
Wheeling.............. 71.7 73.1 71.6 73.2 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.5 6.9 6.6 6.8 6.1
Wisconsin............... 2,887.2 2,947.5 2,896.4 2,946.3 112.6 122.7 115.0 122.8 3.9 4.2 4.0 4.2
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neen-
ah................. 218.0 223.9 217.8 222.7 7.0 7.0 7.4 7.2 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.2
Eau Claire............ 79.6 82.7 81.7 84.2 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.3
Green Bay............. 130.1 132.0 129.8 131.9 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.1 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.1
Janesville-Beloit..... 78.8 79.3 79.0 79.3 2.9 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.3 3.8 4.3
Kenosha............... 79.7 82.3 79.7 82.1 2.6 3.4 2.5 3.1 3.3 4.1 3.1 3.8
La Crosse............. 70.8 71.5 71.6 72.7 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.8 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.8
Madison............... 257.2 264.7 257.8 265.6 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8
Milwaukee-Waukesha.... 794.4 807.4 796.4 807.1 25.1 29.0 25.1 28.9 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.6
Racine................ 92.2 93.9 92.1 93.7 3.9 5.5 3.9 4.9 4.3 5.9 4.2 5.2
Sheboygan............. 60.0 60.7 59.9 60.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.5 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.5
Wausau................ 72.7 74.7 72.6 74.8 3.6 3.1 3.7 3.4 5.0 4.1 5.1 4.5
Wyoming................. 248.8 254.9 251.6 256.8 15.3 14.9 15.7 15.2 6.2 5.9 6.2 5.9
Casper................ 32.7 33.1 32.9 33.5 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 6.6 5.9 6.5 6.1
Cheyenne.............. 38.7 39.3 39.0 39.3 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.5 5.0 4.2 4.6 3.9
Puerto Rico............. 1,301.2 1,328.3 1,310.5 1,319.7 188.5 170.2 182.1 165.2 14.5 12.8 13.9 12.5
Aguadilla............. (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Arecibo............... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Caguas................ (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Mayaguez.............. (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Ponce................. (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
San Juan-Bayamon...... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
1 Not available.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current
Population Survey. All estimates are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and population information becomes
available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of Employment and Earnings.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected metropolitan areas, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
January February Change: February 1998
to February 1999
State and area
1998 1999 1998 1999p Number Percent
Alabama.......................................... 1,860.9 1,911.8 1,869.7 1,917.3 47.6 2.5
Birmingham..................................... 463.8 474.5 466.1 476.7 10.6 2.3
Huntsville..................................... 172.6 176.6 173.3 176.2 2.9 1.7
Mobile......................................... 218.9 227.6 220.8 229.4 8.6 3.9
Montgomery..................................... 157.6 162.7 158.1 162.9 4.8 3.0
Tuscaloosa..................................... 78.3 81.4 79.4 82.5 3.1 3.9
Alaska........................................... 254.7 258.7 261.7 264.8 3.1 1.2
Anchorage...................................... 122.0 126.0 123.5 127.0 3.5 2.8
Arizona.......................................... 2,017.1 2,097.3 2,045.6 2,127.2 81.6 4.0
Phoenix-Mesa................................... 1,412.6 1,473.8 1,432.7 1,492.8 60.1 4.2
Tucson......................................... 314.1 329.3 323.3 334.4 11.1 3.4
Arkansas......................................... 1,094.0 1,111.8 1,103.0 1,120.4 17.4 1.6
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers................. 137.2 141.0 137.7 142.3 4.6 3.3
Fort Smith..................................... 94.7 96.6 95.7 97.0 1.3 1.4
Little Rock-North Little Rock.................. 302.1 305.7 304.1 306.4 2.3 .8
Pine Bluff..................................... 35.5 36.0 35.6 36.0 .4 1.1
California....................................... 13,203.4 13,658.5 13,306.1 13,730.8 424.7 3.2
Bakersfield.................................... 180.1 185.8 180.7 185.7 5.0 2.8
Fresno......................................... 267.6 277.1 268.3 277.6 9.3 3.5
Los Angeles-Long Beach......................... 3,864.7 3,948.3 3,901.4 3,982.1 80.7 2.1
Modesto........................................ 129.7 137.2 129.9 136.8 6.9 5.3
Oakland........................................ 949.5 981.5 954.8 984.5 29.7 3.1
Orange County.................................. 1,262.8 1,309.5 1,270.0 1,311.4 41.4 3.3
Riverside-San Bernardino....................... 853.0 895.5 858.2 900.3 42.1 4.9
Sacramento..................................... 628.1 652.6 632.1 654.1 22.0 3.5
Salinas........................................ 116.8 121.4 116.8 121.5 4.7 4.0
San Diego...................................... 1,066.7 1,109.5 1,077.0 1,109.9 32.9 3.1
San Francisco.................................. 984.5 1,020.2 989.6 1,021.8 32.2 3.3
San Jose....................................... 941.6 951.7 947.3 953.2 5.9 .6
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc............... 150.8 153.8 151.8 154.3 2.5 1.6
Santa Rosa..................................... 165.6 175.0 167.2 176.2 9.0 5.4
Stockton-Lodi.................................. 165.3 170.8 165.8 171.4 5.6 3.4
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa......................... 148.4 156.7 149.5 157.3 7.8 5.2
Ventura........................................ 245.0 254.6 245.4 256.9 11.5 4.7
Colorado......................................... 1,996.9 2,065.6 2,012.3 2,074.7 62.4 3.1
Boulder-Longmont............................... 157.5 163.6 160.4 164.9 4.5 2.8
Colorado Springs............................... 219.1 224.3 219.4 226.1 6.7 3.1
Denver......................................... 1,060.6 1,097.7 1,067.6 1,103.0 35.4 3.3
Connecticut...................................... 1,602.4 1,631.8 1,613.1 1,640.6 27.5 1.7
Bridgeport..................................... 184.4 184.7 185.0 185.3 .3 .2
Danbury........................................ 86.1 87.2 86.5 86.8 .3 .3
Hartford....................................... 589.8 595.8 596.3 597.4 1.1 .2
New Haven-Meriden.............................. 248.6 253.6 250.7 254.9 4.2 1.7
New London-Norwich............................. 134.9 136.8 134.8 136.8 2.0 1.5
Stamford-Norwalk............................... 200.4 203.0 201.1 202.5 1.4 .7
Waterbury...................................... 84.5 85.3 84.8 85.0 .2 .2
Delaware......................................... 386.0 399.1 385.9 399.6 13.7 3.6
Dover.......................................... 51.6 53.8 51.0 53.3 2.3 4.5
Wilmington-Newark.............................. 302.7 313.2 302.5 314.0 11.5 3.8
District of Columbia............................. 603.6 604.2 610.7 611.0 .3 .0
Washington PMSA................................ 2,470.5 2,555.7 2,487.0 2,568.8 81.8 3.3
Florida.......................................... 6,530.4 6,793.7 6,590.3 6,856.0 265.7 4.0
Daytona Beach.................................. 152.2 156.9 154.9 159.1 4.2 2.7
Fort Lauderdale................................ 634.1 653.0 638.9 657.2 18.3 2.9
Fort Myers-Cape Coral.......................... 157.0 162.5 158.1 163.8 5.7 3.6
Gainesville.................................... 114.0 116.4 113.7 117.2 3.5 3.1
Jacksonville................................... 516.3 538.7 522.0 543.3 21.3 4.1
Lakeland-Winter Haven.......................... 173.5 179.3 174.7 180.6 5.9 3.4
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay.................. 177.9 185.1 179.1 186.3 7.2 4.0
Miami.......................................... 966.0 983.5 970.9 988.3 17.4 1.8
Orlando........................................ 813.3 856.0 823.7 865.1 41.4 5.0
Pensacola...................................... 150.5 157.4 151.5 158.2 6.7 4.4
Sarasota-Bradenton............................. 244.0 256.4 246.3 258.6 12.3 5.0
Tallahassee.................................... 150.2 153.6 151.4 155.6 4.2 2.8
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater................ 1,094.4 1,157.7 1,108.1 1,170.5 62.4 5.6
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton..................... 454.8 488.5 460.3 493.2 32.9 7.1
Georgia.......................................... 3,638.8 3,762.4 3,660.7 3,786.3 125.6 3.4
Albany......................................... 58.9 58.9 58.9 59.0 .1 .2
Athens......................................... 72.7 72.9 73.7 74.1 .4 .5
Atlanta........................................ 1,977.5 2,046.3 1,995.3 2,063.3 68.0 3.4
Augusta-Aiken.................................. 191.4 196.0 192.0 196.7 4.7 2.4
Columbus....................................... 116.4 118.9 117.0 119.6 2.6 2.2
Macon.......................................... 146.4 148.8 146.2 148.7 2.5 1.7
Savannah....................................... 130.8 133.7 131.7 134.4 2.7 2.1
Hawaii........................................... 526.2 524.7 530.3 529.0 -1.3 -.2
Honolulu....................................... 398.3 394.6 401.7 398.8 -2.9 -.7
Idaho............................................ 500.6 523.5 504.8 523.8 19.0 3.8
Boise City..................................... 194.1 201.9 196.3 202.5 6.2 3.2
Illinois......................................... 5,716.3 5,829.6 5,745.3 5,848.4 103.1 1.8
Bloomington-Normal............................. 81.2 84.3 81.5 84.2 2.7 3.3
Champaign-Urbana............................... 91.9 94.9 97.2 98.5 1.3 1.3
Chicago........................................ 4,007.2 4,115.0 4,023.3 4,122.0 98.7 2.5
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island................... 178.2 178.4 178.7 178.8 .1 .1
Decatur........................................ 55.6 56.0 55.7 56.2 .5 .9
Kankakee....................................... 43.2 43.4 43.0 43.5 .5 1.2
Peoria-Pekin................................... 170.1 173.9 170.9 174.0 3.1 1.8
Rockford....................................... 174.1 175.7 174.8 175.5 .7 .4
Springfield.................................... 111.0 112.3 111.8 113.0 1.2 1.1
Indiana.......................................... 2,839.4 2,893.1 2,855.7 2,924.0 68.3 2.4
Bloomington.................................... 64.2 63.4 65.6 65.0 -.6 -.9
Elkhart-Goshen................................. 116.0 121.0 117.0 122.2 5.2 4.4
Evansville-Henderson........................... 151.2 156.7 151.7 157.0 5.3 3.5
Fort Wayne..................................... 266.8 270.0 267.2 270.7 3.5 1.3
Gary........................................... 261.0 266.5 262.3 267.2 4.9 1.9
Indianapolis................................... 827.0 852.1 829.6 855.9 26.3 3.2
Kokomo......................................... 50.8 51.4 51.4 51.9 .5 1.0
Lafayette...................................... 91.7 93.3 94.1 95.9 1.8 1.9
Muncie......................................... 59.0 58.5 59.7 59.7 .0 .0
South Bend..................................... 132.8 134.8 133.0 135.4 2.4 1.8
Terre Haute.................................... 66.3 67.6 66.5 67.5 1.0 1.5
Iowa............................................. 1,396.5 1,433.5 1,400.6 1,440.0 39.4 2.8
Cedar Rapids................................... 112.8 116.8 113.6 118.1 4.5 4.0
Des Moines..................................... 269.3 279.0 269.8 280.8 11.0 4.1
Dubuque........................................ 50.0 50.9 50.3 51.1 .8 1.6
Iowa City...................................... 66.5 67.5 66.3 67.3 1.0 1.5
Sioux City..................................... 64.7 66.5 64.6 66.2 1.6 2.5
Waterloo-Cedar Falls........................... 72.0 71.2 72.7 73.6 .9 1.2
Kansas........................................... 1,273.1 1,315.5 1,284.9 1,324.6 39.7 3.1
Lawrence....................................... 45.9 47.5 46.8 48.3 1.5 3.2
Topeka......................................... 98.8 100.7 99.6 101.5 1.9 1.9
Wichita........................................ 280.1 286.3 281.9 288.4 6.5 2.3
Kentucky......................................... 1,700.5 1,738.0 1,705.6 1,744.3 38.7 2.3
Lexington...................................... 268.0 273.7 270.6 276.2 5.6 2.1
Louisville..................................... 548.2 565.0 549.4 567.2 17.8 3.2
Owensboro...................................... 43.1 44.0 42.9 43.9 1.0 2.3
Louisiana........................................ 1,845.5 1,892.9 1,860.8 1,900.7 39.9 2.1
Alexandria..................................... 53.6 55.8 54.1 56.0 1.9 3.5
Baton Rouge.................................... 280.9 295.8 285.9 299.1 13.2 4.6
Houma.......................................... 77.6 79.9 77.7 79.6 1.9 2.4
Lafayette...................................... 161.5 167.3 162.8 167.4 4.6 2.8
Lake Charles................................... 86.2 87.8 86.9 88.7 1.8 2.1
Monroe......................................... 67.9 70.2 68.7 70.7 2.0 2.9
New Orleans.................................... 611.0 625.0 613.3 623.7 10.4 1.7
Shreveport-Bossier City........................ 169.0 175.4 169.7 175.1 5.4 3.2
Maine............................................ 537.5 555.5 546.0 560.0 14.0 2.6
Lewiston-Auburn................................ 41.6 43.2 41.7 43.2 1.5 3.6
Portland....................................... 140.2 146.4 139.7 144.3 4.6 3.3
Maryland......................................... 2,250.0 2,307.7 2,263.1 2,322.6 59.5 2.6
Baltimore PMSA................................. 1,156.1 1,184.3 1,163.3 1,190.3 27.0 2.3
Baltimore City................................. 392.9 402.2 395.6 404.0 8.4 2.1
Suburban Maryland-D.C.......................... 830.8 856.2 834.1 860.4 26.3 3.2
Massachusetts.................................... 3,089.5 3,142.7 3,106.9 3,156.8 49.9 1.6
Barnstable-Yarmouth............................ 51.1 54.0 51.2 54.2 3.0 5.9
Boston......................................... 1,900.2 1,934.5 1,906.5 1,938.3 31.8 1.7
Brockton....................................... 92.6 96.4 93.0 97.0 4.0 4.3
Fitchburg-Leominster........................... 50.8 52.1 51.0 52.0 1.0 2.0
Lawrence....................................... 149.1 149.8 150.0 150.3 .3 .2
Lowell......................................... 115.0 120.2 115.8 120.0 4.2 3.6
New Bedford.................................... 63.2 65.6 63.1 65.8 2.7 4.3
Pittsfield..................................... 40.9 41.8 40.8 41.7 .9 2.2
Springfield.................................... 246.4 249.2 249.1 251.6 2.5 1.0
Worcester...................................... 224.0 226.5 225.1 226.5 1.4 .6
Michigan......................................... 4,419.2 4,475.6 4,440.6 4,494.4 53.8 1.2
Ann Arbor...................................... 267.2 271.3 270.3 274.6 4.3 1.6
Benton Harbor.................................. 69.2 69.2 69.4 70.0 .6 .9
Detroit........................................ 2,069.1 2,104.6 2,082.8 2,108.8 26.0 1.2
Flint.......................................... 175.5 174.9 175.6 175.6 .0 .0
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland.................. 549.3 559.9 553.1 565.8 12.7 2.3
Jackson........................................ 59.4 60.2 59.9 60.9 1.0 1.7
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek......................... 206.6 205.9 208.3 210.4 2.1 1.0
Lansing-East Lansing........................... 231.3 227.0 232.0 233.9 1.9 .8
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland....................... 174.5 174.9 174.0 177.4 3.4 2.0
Minnesota........................................ 2,479.4 2,540.2 2,487.9 2,542.8 54.9 2.2
Duluth-Superior................................ 109.3 112.1 109.6 112.3 2.7 2.5
Minneapolis-St. Paul........................... 1,610.7 1,665.6 1,614.1 1,672.5 58.4 3.6
Rochester...................................... 75.7 77.9 75.8 77.9 2.1 2.8
St. Cloud...................................... 84.7 86.3 85.8 87.2 1.4 1.6
Mississippi...................................... 1,109.3 1,125.8 1,115.4 1,129.1 13.7 1.2
Jackson........................................ 222.0 223.2 223.7 223.5 -.2 -.1
Missouri......................................... 2,594.0 2,650.4 2,627.5 2,679.6 52.1 2.0
Kansas City.................................... 915.9 950.2 922.9 953.8 30.9 3.3
St. Louis...................................... 1,279.7 1,289.5 1,289.9 1,304.6 14.7 1.1
Springfield.................................... 158.8 161.8 161.2 164.5 3.3 2.0
Montana.......................................... 357.3 367.1 359.6 369.2 9.6 2.7
Nebraska......................................... 847.8 867.5 854.2 870.3 16.1 1.9
Lincoln........................................ 142.6 147.0 144.6 148.0 3.4 2.4
Omaha.......................................... 392.5 402.2 394.1 403.1 9.0 2.3
Nevada........................................... 886.7 938.8 894.4 942.4 48.0 5.4
Las Vegas...................................... 635.0 679.1 640.8 681.7 40.9 6.4
Reno........................................... 174.4 180.5 175.4 180.9 5.5 3.1
New Hampshire.................................... 571.3 585.9 573.8 588.0 14.2 2.5
Manchester..................................... 98.2 100.6 98.3 100.7 2.4 2.4
Nashua......................................... 91.8 92.8 91.8 93.9 2.1 2.3
Portsmouth-Rochester........................... 112.3 115.2 114.1 117.2 3.1 2.7
New Jersey....................................... 3,695.9 3,767.8 3,707.7 3,783.9 76.2 2.1
Atlantic-Cape May.............................. 169.8 171.1 170.6 170.4 -.2 -.1
Bergen-Passaic................................. 639.7 650.1 640.0 650.3 10.3 1.6
Camden......................................... 471.7 484.0 472.3 484.0 11.7 2.5
Jersey City.................................... 239.5 243.4 240.9 245.0 4.1 1.7
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon................... 605.0 616.3 608.4 619.6 11.2 1.8
Monmouth-Ocean................................. 352.8 358.4 354.3 360.1 5.8 1.6
Newark......................................... 942.7 968.3 945.6 970.3 24.7 2.6
Trenton........................................ 195.5 196.4 196.4 196.9 .5 .3
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton................... 57.9 58.4 57.6 58.5 .9 1.6
New Mexico....................................... 702.1 713.8 711.1 720.2 9.1 1.3
Albuquerque.................................... 330.8 335.4 334.5 338.9 4.4 1.3
Las Cruces..................................... 51.8 53.1 52.0 53.2 1.2 2.3
Santa Fe....................................... 69.3 71.0 70.6 71.7 1.1 1.6
New York......................................... 7,988.1 8,136.8 8,058.8 8,193.6 134.8 1.7
Albany-Schenectady-Troy........................ 426.2 430.9 431.7 436.5 4.8 1.1
Binghamton..................................... 111.4 112.9 112.4 114.2 1.8 1.6
Buffalo-Niagara Falls.......................... 532.6 534.6 537.2 538.8 1.6 .3
Dutchess County................................ 106.2 108.6 107.3 109.4 2.1 2.0
Elmira......................................... 42.6 43.3 42.6 43.2 .6 1.4
Glens Falls.................................... 46.4 47.4 46.9 47.9 1.0 2.1
Nassau-Suffolk................................. 1,107.9 1,134.1 1,115.5 1,139.3 23.8 2.1
New York PMSA.................................. 3,943.2 4,034.7 3,967.4 4,058.5 91.1 2.3
New York City.................................. 3,436.2 3,518.1 3,457.8 3,538.1 80.3 2.3
Newburgh....................................... 119.6 121.5 120.5 122.5 2.0 1.7
Rochester...................................... 525.7 528.4 529.5 532.2 2.7 .5
Rockland County................................ 100.0 104.3 101.7 105.5 3.8 3.7
Syracuse....................................... 330.1 335.3 333.6 337.7 4.1 1.2
Utica-Rome..................................... 126.7 127.9 126.8 128.3 1.5 1.2
Westchester County............................. 386.5 390.9 387.3 393.4 6.1 1.6
North Carolina................................... 3,658.0 3,790.8 3,679.0 3,800.8 121.8 3.3
Asheville...................................... 106.6 110.8 107.1 111.1 4.0 3.7
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill................... 754.2 779.0 759.7 783.7 24.0 3.2
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point.......... 628.6 651.7 632.2 652.6 20.4 3.2
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill..................... 624.2 664.4 632.6 667.6 35.0 5.5
North Dakota..................................... 311.6 313.8 312.9 315.2 2.3 .7
Bismarck....................................... 47.9 49.1 48.1 49.1 1.0 2.1
Fargo-Moorhead................................. 96.4 98.2 97.1 98.9 1.8 1.9
Grand Forks.................................... 47.5 47.3 47.7 47.8 .1 .2
Ohio............................................. 5,336.2 5,384.1 5,360.0 5,412.4 52.4 1.0
Akron.......................................... 316.9 318.7 318.1 322.1 4.0 1.3
Canton-Massillon............................... 178.7 180.9 180.3 182.8 2.5 1.4
Cincinnati..................................... 834.9 857.8 839.3 861.6 22.3 2.7
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria........................ 1,123.4 1,138.1 1,129.1 1,140.5 11.4 1.0
Columbus....................................... 816.7 829.0 819.8 832.5 12.7 1.5
Dayton-Springfield............................. 471.1 468.2 473.1 471.9 -1.2 -.3
Hamilton-Middletown............................ 119.5 121.2 120.8 122.2 1.4 1.2
Lima........................................... 76.5 76.6 76.1 77.3 1.2 1.6
Mansfield...................................... 79.1 79.0 79.5 79.4 -.1 -.1
Steubenville-Weirton........................... 50.2 49.4 49.9 49.4 -.5 -1.0
Toledo......................................... 314.8 318.5 315.4 319.6 4.2 1.3
Youngstown-Warren.............................. 241.8 243.1 242.4 244.2 1.8 .7
Oklahoma......................................... 1,404.0 1,440.7 1,415.4 1,451.3 35.9 2.5
Enid........................................... 24.3 24.4 24.2 24.4 .2 .8
Lawton......................................... 37.5 38.2 37.6 38.3 .7 1.9
Oklahoma City.................................. 501.0 515.4 504.5 519.1 14.6 2.9
Tulsa.......................................... 380.1 396.8 383.4 398.8 15.4 4.0
Oregon........................................... 1,510.2 1,550.4 1,522.9 1,559.2 36.3 2.4
Eugene-Springfield............................. 135.9 139.9 137.2 140.8 3.6 2.6
Medford-Ashland................................ 67.1 69.3 67.3 69.8 2.5 3.7
Portland-Vancouver............................. 917.1 938.0 924.5 945.2 20.7 2.2
Salem.......................................... 129.0 131.6 130.4 132.7 2.3 1.8
Pennsylvania..................................... 5,360.5 5,423.3 5,394.8 5,463.2 68.4 1.3
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton..................... 266.7 272.5 268.1 273.4 5.3 2.0
Altoona........................................ 57.2 58.6 57.3 59.2 1.9 3.3
Erie........................................... 128.2 130.1 128.3 130.6 2.3 1.8
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle.................... 348.7 355.9 350.2 356.8 6.6 1.9
Johnstown...................................... 85.3 87.1 85.4 87.2 1.8 2.1
Lancaster...................................... 209.8 215.2 211.3 216.5 5.2 2.5
Philadelphia PMSA.............................. 2,264.6 2,295.1 2,278.4 2,303.4 25.0 1.1
Philadelphia City.............................. 662.6 667.3 672.3 674.3 2.0 .3
Pittsburgh..................................... 1,062.2 1,081.6 1,065.5 1,084.7 19.2 1.8
Reading........................................ 163.6 164.0 164.2 165.3 1.1 .7
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton............... 270.2 273.4 271.6 275.1 3.5 1.3
Sharon......................................... 47.4 47.7 48.2 48.5 .3 .6
State College.................................. 65.3 66.5 68.2 70.0 1.8 2.6
Williamsport................................... 52.6 53.1 52.3 53.8 1.5 2.9
York........................................... 161.7 162.9 162.4 164.0 1.6 1.0
Rhode Island..................................... 442.2 449.6 445.4 452.9 7.5 1.7
Providence-Fall River-Warwick.................. 502.8 511.2 504.8 513.0 8.2 1.6
South Carolina................................... 1,730.2 1,786.9 1,740.6 1,797.7 57.1 3.3
Charleston-North Charleston.................... 223.7 235.6 225.9 237.1 11.2 5.0
Columbia....................................... 283.0 293.9 284.8 296.1 11.3 4.0
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson................ 460.8 469.4 461.7 471.7 10.0 2.2
South Dakota..................................... 349.3 357.3 350.4 359.4 9.0 2.6
Rapid City..................................... 45.8 47.0 45.7 47.1 1.4 3.1
Sioux Falls.................................... 101.9 105.6 102.2 106.7 4.5 4.4
Tennessee........................................ 2,563.5 2,613.7 2,579.6 2,621.0 41.4 1.6
Chattanooga.................................... 215.6 216.5 216.2 216.8 .6 .3
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol................. 193.4 194.3 194.4 194.5 .1 .1
Knoxville...................................... 312.0 316.1 314.1 318.0 3.9 1.2
Memphis........................................ 556.3 586.2 559.9 589.2 29.3 5.2
Nashville...................................... 635.1 648.9 639.6 651.5 11.9 1.9
Texas............................................ 8,691.3 8,982.1 8,768.1 9,049.6 281.5 3.2
Abilene........................................ 56.3 57.6 56.8 57.7 .9 1.6
Amarillo....................................... 94.0 95.9 94.6 96.1 1.5 1.6
Austin-San Marcos.............................. 577.4 604.6 586.1 611.8 25.7 4.4
Beaumont-Port Arthur........................... 157.3 162.1 159.5 164.1 4.6 2.9
Brazoria....................................... 74.0 74.2 75.1 75.2 .1 .1
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito............... 98.0 100.0 98.3 100.5 2.2 2.2
Bryan-College Station.......................... 68.4 70.8 71.0 75.3 4.3 6.1
Corpus Christi................................. 153.9 156.6 154.9 157.0 2.1 1.4
Dallas......................................... 1,778.2 1,849.8 1,791.0 1,860.6 69.6 3.9
El Paso........................................ 243.4 245.0 244.0 245.8 1.8 .7
Ft. Worth-Arlington............................ 716.5 743.1 722.1 749.4 27.3 3.8
Galveston-Texas City........................... 87.3 88.6 88.3 88.7 .4 .5
Houston........................................ 1,928.1 1,995.3 1,946.4 2,001.4 55.0 2.8
Killeen-Temple................................. 97.6 99.6 98.3 100.2 1.9 1.9
Laredo......................................... 62.6 65.0 62.7 65.0 2.3 3.7
Longview-Marshall.............................. 88.9 90.2 89.3 90.6 1.3 1.5
Lubbock........................................ 113.6 115.1 114.7 115.8 1.1 1.0
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission....................... 138.0 142.4 138.4 142.6 4.2 3.0
Odessa-Midland................................. 105.9 104.8 107.1 104.8 -2.3 -2.1
San Angelo..................................... 43.5 44.3 43.9 44.7 .8 1.8
San Antonio.................................... 666.0 684.5 671.0 690.2 19.2 2.9
Sherman-Denison................................ 44.0 44.6 44.3 44.7 .4 .9
Texarkana...................................... 50.3 51.0 50.3 51.3 1.0 2.0
Tyler.......................................... 77.2 80.3 77.6 80.5 2.9 3.7
Victoria....................................... 35.7 35.7 35.9 36.0 .1 .3
Waco........................................... 95.4 97.6 96.0 98.0 2.0 2.1
Wichita Falls.................................. 59.5 59.8 59.8 59.9 .1 .2
Utah............................................. 992.6 1,019.0 1,002.4 1,027.8 25.4 2.5
Provo-Orem..................................... 136.3 141.1 138.4 143.4 5.0 3.6
Salt Lake City-Ogden........................... 666.7 685.7 672.9 691.6 18.7 2.8
Vermont.......................................... 278.5 285.8 283.6 288.9 5.3 1.9
Barre-Montpelier............................... 30.2 30.8 30.2 31.2 1.0 3.3
Burlington..................................... 97.5 98.6 99.4 100.7 1.3 1.3
Virginia......................................... 3,215.0 3,306.4 3,230.1 3,317.3 87.2 2.7
Bristol........................................ 37.0 38.9 36.9 39.2 2.3 6.2
Charlottesville................................ 78.7 82.5 81.8 84.0 2.2 2.7
Danville....................................... 45.8 45.3 45.2 45.2 .0 .0
Lynchburg...................................... 96.0 97.9 97.1 98.6 1.5 1.5
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News............ 658.8 670.6 660.4 671.9 11.5 1.7
Northern Virginia.............................. 999.7 1,045.8 1,005.4 1,052.0 46.6 4.6
Richmond-Petersburg............................ 525.1 535.4 526.4 536.6 10.2 1.9
Roanoke........................................ 140.9 145.6 140.7 146.4 5.7 4.1
Washington....................................... 2,508.0 2,576.2 2,528.7 2,588.9 60.2 2.4
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett....................... 1,308.6 1,349.1 1,321.9 1,353.4 31.5 2.4
Spokane........................................ 182.7 183.9 184.0 185.0 1.0 .5
Tacoma......................................... 227.7 237.5 229.1 238.5 9.4 4.1
West Virginia.................................... 696.0 710.7 697.9 712.5 14.6 2.1
Charleston..................................... 128.9 131.5 129.1 132.1 3.0 2.3
Huntington-Ashland............................. 119.6 120.9 120.2 121.0 .8 .7
Parkersburg-Marietta........................... 67.8 69.0 67.6 69.8 2.2 3.3
Wheeling....................................... 64.4 65.3 64.5 65.7 1.2 1.9
Wisconsin........................................ 2,625.0 2,670.9 2,639.0 2,677.7 38.7 1.5
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah........................ 190.8 197.0 190.8 196.2 5.4 2.8
Eau Claire..................................... 69.8 73.0 71.8 74.7 2.9 4.0
Green Bay...................................... 133.5 136.1 133.5 136.6 3.1 2.3
Janesville-Beloit.............................. 68.9 69.2 69.2 69.3 .1 .1
Kenosha........................................ 52.3 53.7 52.6 54.0 1.4 2.7
La Crosse...................................... 68.4 69.2 69.5 70.5 1.0 1.4
Madison........................................ 268.2 277.5 269.4 279.1 9.7 3.6
Milwaukee-Waukesha............................. 825.0 838.7 830.4 841.8 11.4 1.4
Racine......................................... 80.0 80.4 80.2 81.2 1.0 1.2
Sheboygan...................................... 58.3 59.2 58.1 59.1 1.0 1.7
Wausau......................................... 64.3 67.0 64.1 66.9 2.8 4.4
Wyoming.......................................... 218.0 220.1 217.9 220.0 2.1 1.0
Casper......................................... 29.7 30.2 29.5 30.3 .8 2.7
Puerto Rico...................................... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Caguas......................................... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Mayaguez....................................... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Ponce.......................................... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
San Juan-Bayamon............................... (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Virgin Islands................................... 41.2 (1) 42.0 (1) (1) (1)
1 Data not available.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Data have been adjusted to March 1998 benchmark levels. Estimates
subsequent to the current benchmark month are provisional and will be revised when new information becomes available.