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I FROM JANUARY TO JUNE INCLUSIVE, 1855. ** I f APR I 5 1887 v . . iN'eto gork PUBLISHED AT 142 1855. F U L T O N -S T R EET. ■ CONTRIBUTORS » TO TH E TH IR T Y -SE C O N D VOLU M E OF THE MERCHANTS’ M AGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW . J. A rmstrong , Esq., Advocate, o f Montreal. G eorge B acon, Esq., Manufacturer, o f N ew York. D avid M. B alfour , Esq., Commission Merchant, o f Massachusetts. C aleb B arsto w , Esq., Member o f the N ew Y ork Chamber o f Commerce. H en ry C. C a r e y , Esq., author o f “ T he Principles o f Political Econom y,” “ T h e Past, Present, and Future,” * “ The Harmony o f I.qjtqrejts, .Agricultural, , * * «* J * ' . • * • • • * • Manufacturing. sjsl C&mm&r&mV2 o f PennsSl'sanitf. • ^ • • *• • • »*• ’ : ! •* *: • Hon. E d w ard EVe He t t , late" Ijnited States Senator from Massachusetts, and formerly Minister to E n ah a ilja k d Sfccrijtnry p f Sfute. E noch H ale , Jr., Esq., o f Massachusetts. D avid R. Jaques , Esq., Counselor at Latv; o£ N ew York. •« * • • James P. K irkwood , Esq., Civil Engineer, o f New York. John L e w is P eyton , Esq., Counselor at Law, o f Chicago, Illinois. G erard R alston , Esq., o f England. > B enjamin G. S m ith , Esq., Printer, o f New York. D avid M. S tone, Esq., o f New York. G eorge F. T rain , Esq., Commission Merchant, o f Melbourne, Australia. Hon. G eorge T ucker , late Professor o f Moral Philosophy and Political E con om y in the University o f Virginia, and formerly Representative in Congress from the same State. F reeman H unt, Editor and Proprietor. OCT 3 1 1941 INDEX TO V O L U M E XXXIL, FROM JANUARY TO JUNE INCLUSIVE, 1855. A . 380 453 45(5 249 307 759 127 767 370 39 650 762 511 79 716 49 736 154 ES. Baltic—red light at D u stern b rook .................. 374 Baltimore and Boston, fire insurance i n ------- 363 Baltimore, condition o f banks of, in 1 85 5.... 223 Bangor, lum ber trade........................................... 479 Bankers and bill brokers—forgeries................ 457 44 charter party deposited w ith ............. 589 44 responsibility of— breach o f tru st.. . 458 Bank capital o f cities in the United S tates.. . 745 44 charters in Canada, extension o f ...........224 44 finances o f a 44 safety fund ” ................... 227 44 law am ended, Indiana fre e..................... 613 44 m eeting, Indiana fre e ............................... 109 44 stocks, Boston, in 1854-5........................ 227 Banks & banking, historical rem iniscences o f 739 44 guards against frauds i n ........................... 109 44 in Massachusetts, condition o f .............. 221 44 in the State o f Maine, condition o f ----- 486 44 N. Y ork city w eekly averages for 1854. 277 44 o f Baltimore, condition o f in 1855........ 223 44 o f O hio, condition o f in 1855 .......... 352 44 o f Philadelphia, condition o f th e.......... 229 44 o f Portland, Me., condition o f th e........ 222 4,4 o f South Carolina in 1854 ....................... 356 44 o f the United States, condition o f the. 353 44 o f the United States, 1834-55................ 614 44 savings, condition o f in Massachusetts. 228 44 savings, in N ew Y ork and Brooklyn . . 609 44 w eekly averages o f New Y o r k .............. 83 Banking acts o f New Y ork passed in 1 8 5 4 ... 615 44 currency, and finance, journal of, 104, 221, 346, 480, 609, 736 44 department o f State o f N ew Y o r k .. 480 44 private in T en n essee..... .................... 482 Beacon on Lusnac shoal..................................... 374 Beans aud p e a s ..................................................... 116 Bees, and the export o f w ax from U. States. 251 Belfast, Ireland, com m erce o f .......................... 369 Bill o f exchange— English usury l a w s .......... 334 Bills, fast m ethod o f receipting........................ 778 44 o f exchange subject to British stamp act 229 44 order and m ethod in filing...................... 778 44 sight, o f grace o n ....................................... 612 Biography, m ercantile: Peter C. B r o o k s .... 659 44 Marshall P. W ilder. 66 Biography o f a g ood m erchant........................ 393 PAGE PAGE Accidents on railroads, h o w to n rovcn t........ Action on a prom issory note .................... . . Action to recover for breach ol‘ c o u ir a c t.. . . Agricultural returns for 1853, I r is h ................ Agriculture, products o f in the U . States.. . . Agriculture, statistics of, 114, 247, 375, 499, 037, Alabama, railways in the State o f .................. Albany, brick manufacture o f ........................... A lbany lumber tr a d e .......................................... Aliens in different States and Territories----Am erican merchants, a libel o n ...................... Am erican pork and hams in F rance.............. Anthracite coal trade o f Pennsylvania.......... Assignees................................................................ Assurance, marine— piratical seizure b y passen gers................................................................ Atlantic and Western States, growth o f com pared ................................................................... Atlantic ports, com parative com m erce o f . . . Australia, com m erce and resources o f .......... Black Sea, com m erce o f th e .............................. 531 Blankets, o f the im portation o f ........................ I l l Board o f trade, the B oston................................. 516 44 the Buffalo................................. 517 Boards o f trade and cham bers o f com m erce, w ork fo r ............................................................... 709 Bonds for transportation o f m erchandise----- 112 Bonds o f Tennessee, investing m oney i n . . . . 619 Bombay, com m erce o f in 1853-4 ..................... 238 Book trade.................. 137, 267, 395, 523, 651, 779 B ook trade and printing b u s in e s s .................. 777 Boston and Baltimore, fire insurance in ........ 363 44 bank stocks in 1854-5 .......................... 227 44 board o f trade .... .................................... 516 44 exports of go ld and silver f r o m ........ 486 44 harbor, dangers i n ................................. 246 44 insurance com panies, statistics o f . . . 490 44 marine ins. com panies, notice o f . . . . 490 44 railroad stocks in, in 1854-5 .............. 244 44 statistics o f trade and com m erce o f . . 733 44 statistics o f insurance com panies i n . . 625 Bottomry, bond by British consul— ship de serted ................................................................... 79 Brazil, financial condition o f ............................. 107 Brazil, signals at the port o f Para.................... 494 Breach o f trust—responsibility o f b a n k e rs... 458 Bremen line, postage on printed matter by . 494 Brick manufacture o f A lb a n y ........................... 767 British census, facts from tables o f ................ 497 44 consum p’ n & duties on tea & coffee. 98 44 consum ption and duties on tobacco . 98 44 exports to Russia and T u rk ey............ 370 44 provinces, trade betw een upper and lo w e r ..................................................... 368 44 shipping, statistics o f ............................... 734 Brooks, Peter Chardon, biography o f ............ 659 Buffalo board o f tr a d e ......................................... 517 Buoyage o f Queen’ s Channel, River Tham es. 628 Business, have merchants too m uch, to read ? 649 k4 h ow to prosper in ....................... 392 44 liberality i n .................................. 391 44 m an and m an o f b u s in e s s ....... 391 C. Calaveras, quartz m ining i n ............................. 388 Californian em igration and im m ig ra tio n ___ 499 California gold , cost o f ......................................... 354 44 gold, m am m oth lum p o f .......... 255 44 gold, production o f the m ines o f . . 347 44 production o f w heat i n ............ 376 44 resources o f in cattle................. 378 44 shipments o f gold f r o m ................... 487 Canada, com m ercial laws o f low er..................... 581 44 extension o f bank charters i n ...........224 Canadian h e m p ..................................................... 378 44 tariff o f duties for 1855..................... 356 Canal and river navigation o f New Y o r k .. . . 243 Canal, railroad, and steamboat statistics, 122, 247, 379, 499, 637, 769 Canals and m ills— right to use w ater.............. 714 44 aud other public works o f New Y ork . 241 44 and railroads in U. States in 1854___ 205 44 o f N ew York, tolls, trade, and ton nage o f th e............................................. 772 44 tolls on New Y ork, for 1855................ 635 Candles, law o f N ew Jersey on sale o f . . . . 622 Cape Elizabeth, Me., lights a t ........................... 495 Carolinas, herring fishery in t h e .................. .. 394 IV INDEX TO VOLUME XXXII. PAGE Carrier, delivery by— evidence o f c u s t o m .... 207 Carriers, liability of— inevitable ca s u a lty ... . 586 Catawba grape, brief history o f th e ................ 247 Cattle, resources o f California in ...................... 378 44 statistics o f the export and product o f 116 Census, British, facts from tables o f ................ 497 44 o f Great Britain, results o f the.......... 257 Chambers o f com m erce and boards o f trade, w ork f o r .............................................................. 709 Chamber o f com m erce, resolutions o f the St. L o u is ............................................................. 259 Character, m ercantile, g o o d definition o f . . . . 264 44 o f m erchants............................... . . . 521 44 o f the W estern business m e n ------ 389 Charter party deposited with b a n k e r s ...........589 Cherries, origin and history o f ............................. 761 C h ic a g o .................................................................... 681 44 and T oledo, population o f ................... 640 44 im p ’rts and ex p ’rts of— from 1836 to 1853 ...................................................... 685 44 num ber & descript’ n o f buildings in 682 44 statistics o f population o f .................. 682 Children under ten years o f age in U. States. 47 China, mails for Penang and Singapore........ 232 Chronicle and review , com m ercial, 81, 209, 337, 460, 590, 717 Cincinnati and O hio, iron trade o f ................... 133 44 the paid fire department i n ........... 103 Cities and towns, com m ercial, o f U. S tates.. 681 44 and towns in U. States, progress o f . . . 191 44 and towns in the U. States o f 10,000 in habitants ................................................. 191 44 and tow ns o f Ohio, taxes on p rop ’ ty in 744 44 in the U. States, bank capital o f ....... 745 44 in U. States o f 100,000 inhabitants___ 191 *4 o f O hio, consum ption o f coal in ......... 252 Clipping and sweating g o ld c o i n ....................... 609 Clocks, manufacture o f in N ew H aven.......... 644 Coal-fields and consum ption of, O h io .............. 252 Coal, repeal o f duty on dem and ed...................256 41 trade, anthracite, o f Pennsylvania........ 511 44 trade by railroads and canals................... 244 Coasts o f U. States, vessels shipw recked o n . 758 Coffee and tea, Brit, consuinpt’n & duties o n 98 Coffee trade, statistics o f th e .............................. 97 Coinage and currency o f the United S tates.. 736 44 44 statistics o f ................... 742 Collection districts o f U. States, tonnage o f . . 727 Collision— stea m b oa ts......................................... 716 Colonies, popu lation o f in 1750 ....................... 700 Com m erce and civilization, L iberian ............ 775 44 and navigation o f the U. States . 4C9 44 and resources o f A u stra lia ....... 154 44 and slavery................................... 264 44 conquests o f ................................. 706 44 o f Belfast, Ireland....................... 369 44 o f Bom bay in 1853-4 ...................... 238 44 o f France and the U. States...... 735 44 o f M obile in 1853-4, statistics o f . 94 44 o f the Atlan. ports, com parative. 736 44 o f the Black S ea............................ 531 44 o f Shanghae in 1853................... 99 44 o f the United States, 147, 431, 568, 694 • 44 o f United States, profits o f ........ 317 Com m ercial and industrial cities and towns o f the United States : C h ic a g o ..................... 681 Com m ercial cities, mortality o f ......................... 258 44 chronicle and review, 81,209, 337, 460, 590,717 44 delusion o f the tulip m a n ia ___ 390 44 growth o f New Y o r k ..................... 447 44 laws o f Low er Canada................ 581 44 regulations 110, 230, 356, 492, 620, 746 44 statistics, 93, 237, 367, 569, 600, 727 Com m ission agents, liabilities o f ....................... 454 44 ship-broker’ s claim f o r .............. 335 Com parative com . o f the Atlantic ports........ 736 Compensation for railway accid en t................ 455 Connecticut, railways in the State o f .............. 124 Conquests o f co m m e rce ....................................... 706 Consular and diplom atic systems, new , o f the United States.................................... . . . . 746 Continental m oney, the value o f ...................... 228 Contract, action to recover lor breach o f . . . . 456 Copper m ine, the great M innesota.................. 646 Corn merchants, important to— fr e ig h t .......... 713 Corporations, rights o f to s u e .......................... 589 Cotton and linen goods, British exports o f . . 99 Cotton, British im ports o f .............................. 99 44 classification o f certain articles o f . . . 112 44 exports o f from the U. States in 1854 733 •4 cotton in linen, m ethod o f detecting. 512 44 its value, grow th, and ex p o rt.............. 93 44 manufactures, statistics o f ..................... 203 44 market, New York, 91, 219, 344, 467, 598, 725 44 shipping of— liability o f ship-owners 716 44 value o f manufactures o f in U. States 317 Counterfeiting, photographic............................. 351 Crime and pauperism in the U . S ta te s.......... 305 Cunard line o f steam ers....................................... 244 Currants and goo se b e rrie s................................. 251 Currency and coinage o f the U. S tates.......... 736 44 and coinage, statistics o f ................ 742 44 finance, and banking, journal of, 104, 221, 346, 480, 609, 736 . 0 Daguerreotypes, and the Daguerreotypic art. 507 Daguerreotype, printing on cloth b y ............ 388 Dangers in Boston harbor................................... 246 Debt o f the United States, the p u b lic.............. 225 D elivery b y carrier—evidence o f c u s to m .. . . 207 Deaf, dum b, blin d, and insane in U. States . 44 Delaware, railways in the State o f .................. 126 Deposits & coinage at the Phila. & N. Orleans m in t s ................................... 86, 213, 340, 462, 593 D iplom atic and consular systems, new, U . S. 746 District o f Colum bia, small notes i n ................. 350 D ividends on stocks in Mass, in 1854-5........ 223 D om estic produce, exports, from N ew Y ork, 90, 218, 343, 466, 598, 724 Drumming for custom , loss and gain o f ........ 389 Dry goods, im ports o f at N ew Y ork, 88, 214, 280, 342, 465, 595 Dusternbrook, red light at— B altic.................. 374 Duties, cash, received at the port o f N. Y ork, 87, 343,465, 597 Duties received on m erchandise in G. Brit’ n. 735 E. Emigrant passenger ships................................... 494 Emigration to the United States in 1854........ 641 England, im ports o f hem p and flax into . . . . 371 44 perils o f m ining in ............................. 384 44 statistical history o f cheap post age i n ............................................... 104 44 the incom e-tax o f .............................. 110 Essay on M oney. By II. C. Carey----- 19,166, 413 Enterprises, railroad, and their detractors.. . 403 Exchange, bills of, subject to Brit, stamp act 229 Exchange, N ew Y ork co rn ................................. 774 E xports, # c ., see “ Corn. Chron, and R eview ,” each m o n th ; also nam e o f place. F . Farmer’ s property, perm anency o f the...........248 Filing bills, order and m ethod in ....................... 778 Finance, currency, and banking, journal of, 104, 221, 346, 480, 609, 736 Financial condition o f Brazil............................. 107 44 44 o f Tu rkey........................... 612 Fire insurance, frauds in ..................................... 365 44 44 important case o f ..................... 489 Fisheries o f United States, value o f ................ 318 Fishing on the banks o f N ew foundland........ 393 Flax and hem p, history and statistics o f........ 119 44 and linen trade o f H olland......................... 371 44 industry o f Russia....................................... 114 Florida, railways in the State o f ...................... 127 Flour, m eal, grain, & c., pre se rv in g .............. . 253 price o f in Philadelphia for 68 y e a r s .. 732 INDEX TO VOLUME XXXII. V PAGE Flour, prices o f in Chicago, in 1851-4 .......... 688 Foreign exports o f the United S ta te s ............ 472 Forest, value o f products o f in U. S tates.. . . 318 Forgeries, bankers and bill-brokers................ 457 France, Am erican pork and haras in .............. 760 44 and the United States, com m erce o f 735 44 sugar manufacture o f .......................... 384 44 the m int o f .......................................... 105 “ w ine trade o f ........................................... 261 Fraud in banks, guards against...... ................. 109 Frauds in fire insurance...................................... 365 Freight, important to corn m erchants............ 713 Fund, the m erchants’ , o f Philadelphia.......... 578 Fuel from the refuse coa l dust o f the m ines. 394 G. G eorgia, discovery o f a silver mi no i n .......... 512 u railways in the State o f .................... 127 Glass, printing o n ................................................. 768 G old and silver, exports o f from Boston . . . . 486 44 assaying in South A m e r ic a .................... 510 44 beating, the process o f .............................. 256 “ California, cost o f ....................................... 354 44 California, m am m oth lum p o f ................ 255 44 co in , clipping and sw eating.................... 609 44 fixed price of, and standard o f v a l u e .... 483 44 shipm ents of, from California................ 487 G oods delivered and accepted, ship-owners. 78 G oods fraudulently obtain’ d, act’ n to recover. 458 Gooseberries and c u rra n ts ................................. 251 Grain port, the greatest in the w orld .............. 240 Grape, brief.history o f the C a ta w ba.............. 247 Great Britain, duties received on m er. in . . . . 735 44 export o f rags from to A m er. 100 44 results o f census o f .................... 257 “ revenue o f in 1854-5 ............... 486 21. Hamburg cruising p ilots..................................... 496 Hemp and flax, history and statistics o f ___ 119 44 and flax, im ports o f into E n gland. . . . 371 44 Canadian..................................................... 378 Hendrick’s Head light c h a n g e d ...................... 628 Herring fishery in the C a roliu a s...................... 394 Higuera, fixed light on Cape l a ........................ 758 Historical rem iniscences o f banks & banking 739 Holland, flax and linen trade o f ...................... 371 H op, the : its culture, history, and statistics . 759 Hotel-keepers, liability of, for property left for safe keeping................................................. 714 Hudson River steam boats..................................... 506 I. Illinois, canal debt o f ........................................... 330 44 Central railroad la n d s ......................... 382 44 churches and church property i n . .. 331 “ decennial progress o f population o f. 321 44 foreign population o f ........................... 321 44 im p roved and unim proved land in. 58 44 insurance l a w ........................................ 366 44 legal weights and measures in ...........623 44 origin o f population o f ....................... 321 44 population o f the various counties o f 322 44 professions, occupations, and trades o f population o f ............................... 326 44 railways in the State o f ...................... 129 44 soil and productions o f ....................... 56 “ statistical view o f the state o f .......... 320 44 statistics o f population in ................... 320 44 the State debt o f ................................... 329 44 vegetable productions o f .................. 62 Immigration and em igration, Californian. . . . 499 44 at N ew York in 1854.................... 258 44 in to the United States................ 38 Imports—see 44 Com m . Chron. and R eview ” each m on th ; also nam e o f place. Incom e-tax o f E n g la n d ...................................... 110 Indiana free bank law am ended...................... 613 44 free bauk m eeting................................ 109 railways in the State o f ...................... 129 Industry light ship, Martin’s .............................. 628 Injunction in relation to trades and em ploy ments .................................................................. 715 PAGE Instruction in the United States...................... 51 Instrument, a valuable n a u tic a l...................... 757 Insurance c a s e .......................................... . . . . 364 44 case, life, trial o f a ............................ 366 44 com panies, a ct o f O hio in relation to fo r e ig n ........................................ 487 44 com panies & agencies in M ichig’n 624 44 com panies in Boston, statistics o f. 625 44 com panies, Massachusetts law o f. 751 44 fire, in Boston and Baltimore . . . . 363 “ fire, important case o f ....................... 489 44 frauds in fire........................................ 365 “ journal o f . . 100, 233, 363, 487, 623, 751 “ law, Illinois.......................................... 366 44 life, in Massachusetts....................... 489 44 lake, on steam and sail vessels___ 623 Insured property seized by foreign g o v ’ m ’ nts 102 Insurers, liability o f, for property stolen at fir e s ....................................................................... lo:i Interest on m oney, laws relating t o ................ 355 Iowa, railways in the State o f ........................... 130 Ireland, iron resources o f ................................... 383 Ireland, S. coast of, Old Head o f K in sale.. . . 626 Irish agricultural returns for 1853 .................. 249 Iron manufactures, statistics o f ........................ 204 44 mines and iron trade o f O h io ................. 133 u mountain o f M issouri................................ 514 44 resources o f Ir e la n d .................................. 383 44 trade o f Cincinnati and O h i o ................. 133 44 trade o f the United S ta te s....................... 766 44 trade, the Scotch p i g ................................. 515 44 value o f m anufactures o f in U. States.. 317 Ivory tr a d e ............................................................. 513 J. Jewels in Pari3, manufacture o f ....................... Journal o f banking, currency, and finance, 104. 221, 346, 480, 609, Journal o f in su ra n ce .. 100, 233,263,487, 623, 44 o f mercantile law, 78, 207, 332, 453, 586, 44 o f m ining and manufactures, 133, 252, 383, 507, 643, R . Kattegat, light on the K ob b er G ro u n d ......... K entucky, railways in the S ta te ...................... K ey W est, statistics o f w recks a t...................... K nickerbocker bank and Knickerbocker sav ings institution........................................ . . . . . . 643 736 751 711 766 374 128 627 332 JL. Lake insurance on steam and sail vessels___ 623 “ Superior country, trade ofC hicago w ith 693 Lakes, length, breadth, and area o f th e ........ 331 Land, im proved & unim proved, in Illin o is .. 58 Law , Indiana free bank, a m e n d e d .................. 613 44 mercantile, journal of. 78, 207,332,453,586, 711 44 o f insurance com panies, Massachusetts 751 44 o f N. Y ., relating to weights &. meas’ es 231 Law s o f Low er Canada, com m e rcia l.. . . . . . 581 44 relating to interest on m o n e y ................ 355 44 the usury........................................................ 442 44 usury, in Massachusetts............................ (N9 44 usury, o f N ew Y o rk a n u is a n c e ............265 44 usury, essay on the...................................... J85 Letters o f credit, liability o f bankers.............. 80 Liabilities oi com m ission agents...................... 454 Liability o f carriers............................................... 586 44 o f insurers for good s stolen at fires. 100 Liberality in business........................................... 391 Liberian com m erce and civilization.............. 775 Libraries, public, & c., in U. States.................. 56 Life insurance case, trial o f a ........................... 366 44 com pany, (New E n gla n d........ 233 44 in M assachusetts....................... 489 Life, probabilities of, in the U. S ta te s.......... 40 Lighthouse on Mount I g u e ld o ......................... 626 44 on W inga P o in t ............................... 114 Light on the K obber-ground, Kattegat.......... 374 Lights at Cape Elizabeth, M aine....................... 495 VI INDEX TO VOLUME XXXII. PAGE Mills and canals— right to use w ater.............. 714 Mineral resources and mines o f T en n essee.. 7o7 Mines, fuel from refuse coal dust o f the . . . . 394 Mining and Manufactures, Journal of, 133,252,383,507,643, 766 44 in England, perils o f ............................. 384 M innesota copper m ine, the great................... 646 Mint o f F rance....................................................... 10j M iscellanies, M ercantile, „„„ 135 ,259 ,38 9,51 6,6 47,7 74 M ississippi, railways in the State o f ............... 127 M issouri, iron mountain o f ................................ 514 44 railways in the State o f ...................- 130 M obile, statistics o f com m erce of, in 1853-4. 94 M . M oney, essay on. By H . C. C a re y .. 19, 166, 413 u the value o f continental...................... 228 Mackerel and other fisheries o f Massachus’ts. 237 Mortality o f Chicago, table o f ............................ 683 Mad R iver and Lake Erie R ailroad................ 381 44 o f com m ercial cities............................. 258 Magazine, the Merchants’ , and its friends 266, 647 Mails for PeuaDg, Singapore, and China........ 232 N. Maine, condition o f banks o f ........................... 486 “ property o f the population o f ............... 496 National character o f vessels trading with U. 44 railways in the State o f ........................ 122 States............ ..................................................... 72® Mania, the p o u lt r y .................................... . . . . 583 Nautical instrument, a v a lu a b le ...................... 757 44 Intelligence.. 113,245, 372,494, 626, 757 Man o f business and business m a n ................ 391 Manufactured tobacco, exports of, from U. S. 731 N avigation and com m erce o f the U. States.. 469 44 at port o f S. Francisco in 1853-4. 367 Manufacture o f clocks in N ew H aven............ 644 “ o f jew els in P a r is ......................... 643 Niagara, railroad suspension bridge at.......... 503 44 o f linen in the U. States.............. 255 N ew buryport lights— channel over the b a r .. 245 44 o f port w in e................................... 515 New England Life Insurance C om pany........ 233 44 the brick, o f A lb a n y .................. 767 Newfoundland, fishing on the banks o f ......... 393 “ o f wrought iron, statistics o f . . . 204 New Ham pshire, railroads o f the State o f . . . 122 Manufacturing stocks in Massachusetts......... 254 N ew Haven, manufacture o f clocks in .......... 644 Manufactures, iron , statistics o f ...........................204 New Jersey, law of, on sale o f candles.......... 622 44 railways in the State o f ............... 124 44 journal o f m ining and, 133, 252, 383, 507, 643, 766 N ewspapers and pam phlets in U . States........ 54 44 o f South C a ro lin a ........................ 768 New Y o rk and Brooklyn, savings banks i n . . 609 44 statistics o f cotton .......................... 203 44 banking departm ent o f State o f . . 480 44 banks, w eekly averages of, 44 Tuscan straw................................ 513 83,211, 337, 461,592, 719 “ w oolen, statistics o f ...................... 203 “ canal and river navigation o f . . . . . 243 Marine assurance—piratical seizure b y pass. 716 44 canals and other p u b lic w orks o f. 241 Maryland, railways in the State o f .................. 126 44 canals, trade -and com m erce o f . . . 368 Massachusetts, condition o f savings banks in 228 « condition o f banks in ............... 221 44 cash duties received at port of, 87,343, 465, 597, 723 « dividends on stocks in............. 223 44 com m ercial growth o f .........................447 “ law o f insurance com pan ies.. 751 44 corn exch a n g e ... ............................... 774 life insurance i n ...................... 489 “ m ackerel &■ other fisheries of. 237 44 cotton market, 91, 219, 344, 467, 598, 725 44 manufacturing stocks i n ......... 254 u mortality o f population o f ------762 44 exports from , to foreign ports------ 299 “ paper-money of, in 1745-48.. 695 44 im m igration at the port o f . . . 258, 303 44 imports at, for 1853-4........................ 287 44 railways of, in 1854 .................. 503 44 railways in the State o f ............ 123 44 im ports o f dry goods at, 88,214,342,465,595, 721 44 usury laws i n ................................ 619 44 m arket, stocks in, in 1854................ 349 Masters o f ships, authority of, to borrow m o 715 4 4 ocean and inland steamers out o f. 771 ney. 44 railroads in the State o f ........ 124, 628 M cD onogli, the m illionaire o f New Orleans, 4 4 sailing directions to and fr o m .. . . 372 rules o f ................................................................... 520 44 ship-building in .................................. 302 Measures and w eights in Illinois, legal...........623 44 statement o f foreign im ports a t .. 278 Mercantile B iograph y: Marshall P.W ild e r.. G6 “ “ Peter C. Brooks........ 659 44 the tontine building iu...................... 518 o character, g o o d definition o f ......... 264 44 tolls on canals fo r 1855...................... 635 44 trade and com m erce of, fo r 1854.. 275 44 Law, Journal of, 78, 207, 332, 453, 586, 711 N ore L igh t............................................................... 758 North Carolina, railways in the State o f ........ 126 44 Miscellanies, * 135, 259, 389, 516, 647, 774 Norwegian Light-house, n e w ............................. 247 Merchandise in G. Britain, duties received on 735 Notes, prom issory, a new style fo r .................. 226 44 small, in the District o f C olum bia----- 350 44 tares on ............................................ 361 Merchant, biography o f a g o o d ......................... 393 N otices to mariners . . .113, 245, 372, 494, 626, 758 “ Low ell Institute founded by a ----- 264 O. 44 past and present position o f t h e .. 135 44 the g o o d .............................................. 262 Ocean and inland steamers out o f the port o f New Y ork ................... 771 Merchants, Am erican, a libel o r ......................... 650 O hio, act of, in relation to foreign insurance 44 Fund o f P h iladelph ia............ 578 com panies................................................ 487 “ have they to o m uch business to r e a d ? ............................................. 649 44 coalfields and consum ption o f c o a l .. . 252 « Magazine and its frie n d s.. . . 266, 647 44 condition o f the banks i n ...................... 352 44 developm ent o f w ealth i n ....................... 106 44 the character o f......................... 521 44 iron mines and iron trade o f .................. 133 M exican frijoles...................................................... 501 44 railways in the State o f .......................... 128 Mezquite, Shumard’s gum .................................... 766 44 taxes on property in cities & towns o f. 744 Michigan, insurance com panies & agents iu. 624 railways in the State o f ................... 130 Omnibus store........................................................ 776 44 S. and N. Indiana R ailroad............ 382 Onondaga salt, the production o f ....................... 7G8 Light-ship, Martin’ s I n d u s tr y .......................... 628 Linen, cotton in, m ethod o f d e t e c t in g .......... 612 u manufacture of, in the U. States........ 255 L iverpool, tobacco trade in ................................ 309 L orabock, coral reef in the Straits o f.............. 627 London railway passengers’ assurance com p . 624 L oo-C h oo, com pact betw een U. States a n d .. 621 Loss and gain o f drum m ing for cu stom ers.. 389 Louisiana, railways in the State o f ................. 127 Low ell Institute, founded by a m erchant----- 264 Lum ber trade, A lb a n y......................................... 370 44 o f B a n g o r ................................... 479 Lusnac shoal, beacon o n .......................................374 VIE INDEX TO VOLUME XXXII. P . PAUB PAOE Paper, cousum pfiou o f ......................................... 257 Para, Brazil, signals at the port o f ................... 494 Paris, manufacture o f jew els i n ...................... 043 Past and present position o f the m erch ant... 135 Peas and beans...................................................... 110 Pennsylvania, anthracite coal trade o f .............. 511 44 railways in the State o f ............. 125 44 railroad, tunnel o f the............... 381 Philadelphia, condition o f the banks o f. . . . 229 44 the 44 Merchants’ Fund” o f . . . 578 44 price o f flour in, for 68 y e a rs .. 732 Photographic cou n terfeitin g............................ 351 Pilots, Hamburg c r u is in g .................................. 496 Piratical seizure by passengers— marine assu ran ce.................................................................... 716 Population, distribution o f native fre e ........... 39 44 em ploym ent o f free male in U .S . 199 44 free colored, o f the U. S tates... . 131 44 in U. States, progress of. 38, 191, 305 u mortality of, in M assachusetts... 762 44 o f Maine, property o f th e ........... 496 44 o f the colonies in 1750.................. 700 44 o f U. States, future increase o f.. 46 44 statistics o f . . . 131, 257, 496, 640, 762 Pork and hams,. Am erican, in France............ 762 44 bacon, and hams, exports o f .................. 501 Portland,. Me., condition o f the banks o f .----- 222 Portsmouth, England, notice to mariners . . . 113 44 N. H., w hale’ s back lights............495 Port w ine, the manufacture o f ......................... 515 Postage in Eng., statistical history o f cheap. 104 *4 law, new , o f the United States.......... 492 44 on printed matter b y Brem en line.. . 494 P ota toes..................................................................... 375 Poultry mania, t h e ............................................... 583 Preserving flour, meal, grain, & .c ..................... 253 Price o f flour in Philadelphia for 68 y e a rs .. . 732 Principal and agent— constructive fraud—con signm ent............................................................. 337 Printing on cloth b y daguerreotype................ 388 44 on g la s s .................... 768 Probabilities o f life in the United Stales........ 40 Produce, com parative prices of, at N. Y o r k . 302 Productions ot State o f Illinois ...................... 56 Products o f agriculture in the U. States........ 307 Profits, vast, from small im p ositions.............. 265 Progress o f population in U. States.. 38, 191, 305 Promissory note, action on a ............................. 453 44 n o t e s .................................................... 5s9 44 44 a new style fo r .......................226 Property insured seized by fore’ u governm ’ ts 102 44 left for safe keeping— liability o f h o tel keepers f o r . ................................... 714 44 perm anency o f the farmer’ s ................. 248 Protection to leaky vessels at sea..................... 246 Publishing establishment, a great..................... 648 Railway traffic o f the U. K ingdom in 1854.. 502 Railways in the State o f Alabam a.................. 127 <i Connecticut............ 124 44 u Delaware.................. 126 44 u F lo r id a .................... 127 44 u G eorgia.................... 127 44 u I llin o is .................... 129 a 44. Indiana.................... 129 u 44 Iow a.......................... 130 44 u K e n tu ck y ................ 128 44 Louisiana................ 127 44 44 Maine........................ 122 44 M aryland................. 126 44 u Massachusetts........ 123 44 44 M ichigan.................. 130 44 a M ississippi.............. 127 « 44 M issouri.................. 130 44 u N ew H am pshire.. . 122 44 44 N ew Jersey............ 125 a 44 New Y o rk ................ 124 tt 44 North Carolina........ 126 ti 44 O h i o ......................... 128 44 t« P en n sylva n ia........ 125 44 44 R hode I s la n d ........ 123 tt 44 South C a ro lin a .... 126 44 a T e n n essee.............. 128 a 44 T e x a s ...................... 127 44 44 V erm ont.................. 123 44 u V ir g in ia .................. 126 44 4; W isc o n s in .... ----- 130 44 o f Massachusetts in 1854.................. 503 44 o f the United States........................... 122 Real and personal estate in C hicago................ 683 44 44 m U . States in 1850. 319 44 44 o f the various States in 1850.................. 319 Receipting bills, fast m ethod o f ....................... 778 R eciprocity treaty, application o f ...................... 112 44 44 artic’ s admitted free under 231 44 44 betw een United States and Great Britain.......... 493, 620 44 44 British North Am erican colon ies...................... 110, 230 Regulations, Com m ercial, 110, 230,356, 492, 620, 746 R eligion in the U nited S ta te s ........................... 51 Revenue, expenditures, and debts o f the va rious States........................................ 319 44 o f Great Britain in 1854-5 ............ . 486 R h ode Island, railways in the State o f .......... 123 Rules o f M cD onogh, the m illionaire o f New O rleans....................................................................520 Russia and Turkey, British exports t o ........ .. 370 44 the flax industry o f ................................. 114 Rye, and the exports o f rye -m e a l................... 250 44 44 44 S. Q . Safety in steamers at s e a ..................................... 379 Quartz m ining in Calaveras............................... 388 Sailing directions to and from N ew Y ork . . . 372 Q uestion o f survivorship.................................... 459 Salt, Onondaga, the production o f .................... 768 44 mines in the mountains o f V irg in ia .. . . 385 I t. San Francisco, navigation at, in 1853-4.......... 367 Rags, export of, from Great Britain................ 100 San Sabastian, light on Mount Igu eldo.......... 627 Savings banks in Massachusetts, condition o f 228 Railroad, Canal, and Steam boat Statistics, 122,247,379,499,637, 769 44 in N ew Y o rk and B r o o k ly n .. 609 44 lands, Illinois Central......................... 382 Scotch pig-iron tr a d e ............................................ 515 44 enterprises and their detractors— 403 Seam en’s w ages...................................................... 711 44 Mad R iver and Lake E rie.................. 381 Shanghae, com m erce of, in 1853...................... 99 Ship-broker’ s claim for c o m m is s io n ................ 334 44 M ichigan S. and N. I n d ia n a ........... 382 44 building in 1854............................................ 240 44 stocks in Boston in 1854-5 ............... 244 44 suspension bridge at Niagara............ 503 44 owners— good s delivered and accepted. 78 44 tunnel o f the Pennsylvania.................. 381 Ships, authority o f masters of, to borrow m o Railroads and canals, coal trade by.................. 244 n e y .............................................................. 715 44 emigrant passenger............................... 494 44 44 in U. States in 1 8 5 4 .... 205 44 how to prevent accidents o n ......... 380 44 log— captain’s evidence............................ 336 44 in operation in Illinois........................685 Shipping, British, statistics o f ............................. 734 44 in State o f N ew Y o rk ....................... 628 44 o f cotton— liability o f ship-owners. 716 Railway accident, com pensation for................. 455 Shipw recked vessels on the coast o f U. States 758 44 iron, production of, in U. S tates... . 509 Shumard’ s gum m ezquite.................................... 766 44 lines, statistics o f four great................ 243 Sight bills, o f grace o n ........................................ 612 44 London, passengers’ assurance com Silver m ine in Georgia, discovery o f a ...........512 pany ...................................... 624 Small impositions, vast profits from ................. 265 V lll INDEX TO VOLUME XXXII. PAGE South Am erica, gold assaying in ........................ 510 South Carolina, banks of, in 1854.................... 356 “ manufactures o f ........................ 768 “ railways in the State o f.......... 126 Spermaceti w orks o f the last century............ 385 Steam and sail vessels, lake insurance o n . . . 623 Steamboats, Hudson R iv e r................................. 506 “ the largest in the w o r l d .............. 382 Steamers at sea, safety o n .....................................379 “ Cunard line o f .......................................244 Steamer “ New W orld ,” o f the People’ s L ine 503 Steamship, a great iron........................................ 502 Steamb oats—coll ision.......................................... 716 Slavery and c o m m e r c e ...................................... 264 Spain, north coast o f ............................................. 758 Sw in e: and the swine trade....................... . . . 499 Standard o f value— fixed price o f g o l d ........ 483 State o f Illinois, statistical view’ o f th e .. 56, 320 Statistics and history o f flax and hem p.......... 119 “ com m ercial.. 93, 237, 367, 469, 600, 727 “ history, and culture o f the h o p ___ 759 “ o f agriculture, 114,247,375, 499, 637,759 “ o f Boston insurance c o m p a n ie s .. . 490 “ o f British shipping..................... 734 “ o f coinage and cu rrency.....................742 “ o f com m erce o f M obile in 1853-4. 94 “ o f four great railway lines................... 243 M o f industrious classes in U. States. 198 “ o f insurance com panies in Boston. 625 “ o f p o p u la tio n ... 131, 257, 496, 640, 762 “ o f the coffee trade............................... 97 “ o f trade and com m erce o f Boston.. 733 “ railroad, canal, and steamboat, 122, 247, 379, 499,637, 769 Steam-boilers, alarm gauge fo r ...........................637 St. Louis cham b. o f com m ’ ce, resolutions o f. 259 8tock, U. S., purchase of, by governm ent... . 229 Stocks, Boston bank, in 1854-5........................ 227 “ in Massachusetts, dividends on, ’ 54-5. 223 “ in N ew Y o rk m arket in 1854.............. 349 “ manufacturing, in M assachusetts.. . . 254 “ railroad, in Boston, in 1854-5.............. 244 Store, an om nibus................................................ 776 Straits o f L om bock , coral re e f in th e............ 627 Sugar......................................................................... 637 “ and molasses exported from U. States. 639 u manufacture of, in France........................ 384 Supplies furnished a coaster.............................. 80 Survivorship, question o f ................................... 459 Sw eden, change in the K oster lights.............. 113 Sydney and England, length o f routes betw . 165 T. Tanning.................................................................... 646 Tares on m erch an dise........................................ 361 Tariff o f duties for 1855, Canadian.................. 356 Taxes on property in cities & towns in O hio. 744 Tea and coffee, British consum ption & duties 98 Tennessee, m ines and mineral resources o f . . 767 “ private banking i n ......................... 482 “ railways in the State o f .................. 128 Texas debt law o f the United States............... 485 “ railways in the State o f ........................... 127 Thames, river, buoyage o f Queen’ s Channel. 628 T ob acco, British consum ption & duties o n . . . 98 “ inspections of, at New Y o r k ............ 303 “ trade in L iv e rp o o l................................ 369 “ exports o f mauufact’ red, from U. S. 731 T oledo and Chicago, population o f ................. 640 T olls on New Y ork canals for 1855 ................ 635 “ trade &. tonnage o f canals o f N. Y o r k .. 772 Tonnage o f collection districts o f U. States . . 727 “ o f U. States from 1800 to 1850 .......... 206 “ o f the various States in 1850 ............ 206 “ o f U. States on 30th June, 1 8 5 4 .... 730 Tontine building in N ew Y o r k ........................ 518 Tow ns in the U. States o f 3,000 inhabitants . 193 Trade and com m erce o f Boston, statistics o f . 733 “ “ New Y ork can: I s .. . 368 “ “ “ for 1854. 275 Trade betw een U . & L . British p r o v in c e s .. . 368 “ b o o k .................. 137, 267, 395,523, 651, 779 PA GE Trade, ivo ry...................... 513 Trades & em pl’ ym ’ ts, injunction in relat’n to 715 Treaty, reciprocity, betw een United States & Great B ritain ......... 493, 620 “ K British N. A . colonies, 110,230 Troy, U nion Railroad depot a t ........................ 769 Tulip mania, com m ercial delusion o f th e___ 390 Turkey, financial condition o f ........................... 612 Tunnel o f the Pennsylvania Railroad.............. 381 Tuscan straw m anufactures............................... 513 U. U nion Railroad depot at T r o y .......................... 769 United States and France, com m erce o f ........ 735 “ annual value o f products o f . . . 315 “ bank capital o f cities in the . . . 745 “ canals and railroads in, in 1854. 205 “ coinage and currency o f ............ 736 “ com m erce o f .............. 147, 431, 568 “ deaf, dum b, blind, & c., i n ......... 44 “ diplom ’c & consular systems o f 746 “ em igration to, in 1854 ............... 641 “ exports o f cotton from , in 1854 733 “ exports o f manuf. tobacco from 731 “ foreign exports o f th e................. 472 “ foreign goods im ported into . . 600 “ free colored population o f ......... 131 “ com pact between, & Loo-C h oo 621 “ future increase o f population o f 46 •“ imm igration in to.......................... 38 “ iron trade o f th e .............................. 766 “ public, & c., libraries in .............. 56 “ national character o f vessels trading w it h ............................... 729 “ navigation and com m erce o f . . 469 “ new postage law of the.................. 492 “ pauperism and crim e i n ............305 “ probabilities o f life i n ................ 40 “ production o f railway iron in . 509 “ products o f agriculture i n .......... 307 “ prog, o f population in. 38, 191, 305 “ pu b lic debt o f th e........................ 225 “ railways o f th e .............................. 122 “ stock, purchase o f, by g o v ’m ’ t. 229 “ the Texas debt law o f t h e ......... 485 “ tonnage o f collection distr’ ts o f 727 “ tonnage of, on 30th June, 1854. 730 United K ingdom , railway traffic of, in 1854.. 502 Usury laws, English—bill o f e x c h a n g e ..........334 “ essay on the........................................ 185 “ o f New Y ork a nuisance.................. 265 “ th e ......................................................... 442 V. Value o f annual products o f the U . States . . 315 Verm ont, railways in the State o f .................... 123 Vessels at sea, protection to le a k y ...................246 Virginia, railways in the State o f ...................... 126 “ salt mines in the mountains o f .. . . . 385 W . W ages, daily end w eekly, in Chicago, 1853 . . 693 “ seam en’s ................................................... 711 W as it for that he failed ? ................................... 649 W ax, export of, from the United States........ 251 W ay to wealth illustrated.................................... 522 Wealth in O hio, developm ent o f ...................... 106 W eights and measures in Illinois, le g a l........ 623 “ “ law o f N. Y . relati’g to 231 W estern & Atlantic States, growth com pared 49 “ business men, character o f t h e ......... 389 W heat, price of, in Chicago in 1852-4............ 687 “ production of, in C a lifo rn ia .............. 376 W hale’ s back lights, Portsmouth, N . H.......... 495 W ilm ington, N. C., principal exports o f ........ 239 W ine trade o f F r a n ce ......................................... 261 W inga Point, lighthouse o n ............................... 114 W isconsin, railways in the State o f ................ 130 W oo le n manufactures, statistics o f ................... 203 W o o l, m oist, liability of, to increased duty . 715 “ value o f m anufactures of, in U . S ----- 317 W recks at K ey W est, statistics o f ....................... 627
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