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V.- ' THE MERCHANTS’ MAGAZINE, COMMERCIAL REYIEW. yysf/ C O N D U C T E D B Y F R E E M A N HU N T , EDITOR OF THE LIB RARY OF COMMERCE, ETC. ; CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL SOCIETY ; MEMBER OF THE NEW YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY ; HONOR A RY MEMBER OF THE MERCANTILE LIB RARY ASSOCIATIONS OF NEW YORK, BOSTON, BALTIMORE, AND LOUISVILLE, ETC., ETC. ' • ... " v 1 J ; } ! I ' ■. ' i.8 ^ VOLUME}. EO U E ‘T E.E N . , «' <J • °t 4 oo - « *’ ** • • \ * 11 j i 11 « .. J ,.» ‘‘ 1 - - v FROM JANUARY TO JUNE, 1846- NEW-YORK: PUBLISH ED AT^142 F U L T O N -S T R E E T M?DCCCXLVI. VW tV V. OCT 3 1 194T ^ t r ia r ' . . ADVERTISEMENT. T h e number for June, 1846, completes the 14th volume, and the 7th year o f the existence o f the “ Merchants' M a g a z i n e The reputation it has acquired at home and abroad, and the success that has marked its progress, encourage the editor and proprietor to renewed efforts to render it worthy o f the continued support o f the intelligent classes in the com munity, whose interests it has aimed to promote, by a careful compilation o f the statistics o f trade and commerce, and o f the various industrial move ments o f our own and other countries. W e have endeavored to infuse into our journal, a national spirit and character, by securing the aid o f able correspondents in all parts o f our wide-spread Republic; and by exhibiting the resources o f every state and territory o f the Union. On mooted points in political economy, banking, and the principles o f trade, we have freely admitted articles advocating antagonistic doctrines and opinions; and, while it is our great aim to exhibit facts, and embody the practical ope rations o f commerce, the Magazine will ever be open to the free and fair discussion o f every subject legitimately falling within its general scope. The “ M e r c h a n t s ’ M a g a z i n e and C o m m e r c ia l R e v ie w ” will con tinue to include in its design every subject connected with Commerce, Manufactures and Political Economy, as— Commercial Legislation ; Com mercial History and Geography; Mercantile Biography; Essays from the ablest pens on the leading topics o f the day, relating to Commercial Af fairs ; Descriptive, Statistical, and Historical Accounts o f the various com modities which form the subject o f Mercantile Transactions ; Port Charges ; Tariffs; Customs and Commercial Regulations; Treaties; Commercial Statistics o f the United States, and the different countries o f the worlc with which we have intercourse, including their Physical Character, Popu lation, Productions, Exports, Imports, Seaports, Moneys, Weights, Me as. o y r *< iv » ■ ADVERTISEMENT. ures, Finance and Banking Associations, and Enterprises connected with Commerce, embracing Fisheries, Incorporated Companies, Railroads, Ca nals, Steamboats, Docks, Post Offices, & c .; Principles o f Commerce, Finance and Banking, with Practical and Historical Details and Illustra tions ; Commercial Law and Mercantile Law Reports, and Decisions of Courts in the United States and Europe, including Insurance, Partner ship, Principal and Agent, Bills o f Exchange, Sale, Guaranty, Bankruptcy, Shipping and Navigation, & c., and whatever else shall tend to develop the resources o f the country and the world, and illustrate the various topics bearing upon Commerce and Commercial Literature ; and we may venture to say that no work heretofore published, embraces in its pages so large an amount of information on all these subjects, as the fourteen volumes now completed. T o those who have contributed to the support of the work, by adding their names to our subscription list, as well as to those who have added to the value and interest of its pages, we beg to express our hearty and unfeigned thanks, at the same time that we bespeak their aid for the future. Our brethren of the press will also accept our thanks. No slight encour agement has been their approbation and assistance, and, in bringing our work favorably before the public, we feel certain that their efforts have been exceedingly instrumental. Our means o f enhancing the value o f this Magazine are constantly increasing; and, with new sources o f infor mation, and an extending correspondence abroad, and other facilities, which seven years’ devotion to a single object have enabled us to make available, we shall be able to render the work a perfect vade mecum for the merchant and manufacturer, as well as the statesman and political economist, and, indeed, all who desire information on the multifarious ope rations of business life. A few complete sets o f the work, embracing fourteen volumes, neatly bound, can be had by applying to the office of publication, 142 Fulton street, New York. N ew Y ork, J une 1st, 1846. CONTRI BUTORS TO THE F O U R T E E N T H VOLUM E OF T H E M E R C H A N T S ’ M AGAZIN E. J o h n S p a r e , M. D., o f Massachusetts. E . H a s k e t D e r b y , Esq., Counsellor at Law, o f Massachusetts. Hon. H e n r y C. M u r p h y , late M. C., o f New York. Prof. J. L . T e l l k a m p f , L L . D ., o f Columbia College, New York. J a m e s H. L a n m a n , Esq., o f Pennsylvania. E l i j a h W a r d , Esq., Counsellor at Law, o f New York. D. L . R id d e l l , Esq., o f the U. S. Branch Mint at New Orleans. W i l l i a m K i r k l a n d , Esq., o f New York. Hon. R o b e r t C. W i n t h r o p , M. C., o f Massachusetts. J. L. H o m e r , Esq., o f N ew York. T . E . S ic k e l s , Esq., Civil Engineer, o f Pennsylvania. J. W . S c o t t , Esq., Editor o f “ Toledo Blade,” Ohio. Hon. T h o m a s G. C a r y , Member o f the Massachusetts Senate. J o h n S. W r i g h t , Esq., Editor o f “ Prairie Farmer,” Illin ois. J o se ph E . B l o o m f ie l d , Esq., o f New Jersey. H e n r y G. R i c e , Esq., Merchant, o f Massachusetts. J o h n W . E l l is , Esq., Merchant, o f Ohio. J a m e s M ’ C u n e S m i t h , M. D., o f N ew York. C h a r l e s E d w a r d s , Esq., Counsellor at Law, o f New York. J. F. E n t z , Esq., o f the Life and Trust Company, o f New York. F. B. D e a n , Jr., Esq., o f Virginia. G e o r g e A . W a r d , A . M., Merchant, o f New York. J u n iu s S m it h , Esq., o f N ew York. A b ij a h I n g r a h a m , M. D., o f New York. C. C. J e w e t t , Esq., Librarian o f Brown University, Rhode Island. E . M e r i a m , Esq., o f New York. Hon. W i l l i a m S t u r g is , Merchant, o f Massachusetts. H e n r y T r a c y , Esq., Civil Engineer, o f New York. m C h a r l e s F r a s e r , Esq., o f South Carolina. A. N a s h , Esq., Counsellor at Law, o f New York ; and F r e e m a n H u n t , sole Editor and Proprietor. t T The names of the contributors are appended to the titles of the several articles in the table of contents, on the first page of each number, except such as have been prepared or adopted by the Editor. INDEX TO VOL. XIV. F R O M J A N U A R Y T O J U N E , I N C L U S I V E , 1846. A. Ridge Buoy, . . . . . Application of the Steam Whistle, . . . . Alabama, Commerce and Resources of, . . . . . Ad Valorem Duties on Wine, Assumpsit, Action of, America, Railroads in Europe and, American Manufactures, Progress of, . \» Cutlery, . . . Improvement in Cotton Spinning, Silk Manufacture in the Eastern and Western States, Machinery for the Manufacture of Carpeting, . Machine for the Manufacture of Pins, Manufacture of Buttons and Pens, Discovery and Manufacture in Iron, Improved Manufacture of Axes, . and Foreign Hemp Compared, Whitney’s Rifle Factory, . Amsterdam, Commerce of, . . . • Anthracite Coal Trade in Pennsylvania, 1820-45, Artist, Merchant, and Statesman, . . . . Auction, Duties on Goods sold at, in New York, Axes, Improved manufacture of, . . . A lbro’ Page . 99 . 100 104 . 586 74 100 152 . 154 154 . 155 155 . 156 156 157 . 157 157 . 158 374 375 . 235 566 . 157 B. Mercantile Library Association, and Ohio Railroad, Tariff on, Bankruptcy, . . . . . . Bills of Exchange, . . . . . . Bearings of a Rock near Montevideo, Bank of England, . . . . . . Bank Loans of five States, . . . . Banks and Bank Directors . . . . . Of the United States, 1842-5, . . , Dividends ofNew York, 1844-5, . New York, Specie and Loans of, Boston, Dividends of, 1843-6, Of Massachusetts, 1837-45, Of Ohio, 1 8 45 -6,................................................. B altimore 388 573 73 . 74 99 181 459 211 273 274 276 460 461 461 viii Index. Page Bear Valley Coal Basin, and Bear Mountain Railroad, . . . Belgium, Commercial Treaty with the United States, . . . Biography of Abijah Fish, . . . . . . Book Trade,. . . . . 106, 203,299, Books, proposed Duty on Foreign, . . . . . . Boston, in England, . . . . . . . Boston, (in Mass.,) Shipping at the Port of, . . . . Bank Dividends, 1843-6, . . . . . Post Office, . . . . . . . English Steamers, Penny Postage, . . . . . . . Hints to Letter-Writers, . . . . . Private Boxes, . . . . . . . Dead Letters, . . . . . . . Franking Privilege, . . . . . . Letters delivered, . . . . . Increase of Speed in Travelling, . . . . . Customs duties at, 1845-6, . . . . . British Duties, 1840-6, . . . . . . . Revenue, . . . . . . . . Steam Vessels, . . . . . . . Exports of Woollen Goods to China, . . . . Buttons and Pins, manufacture of, . . . . . . . 141 564 . 168 399,491,587 . 452 . 298 . .8 3 . 461 . 129 133 . 135 . 136 . 137 . 138 . 138 . 139 . 139 . 460 . 360 . 202 . 100 . 584 . 156 . c. Life in, . . . . . Captain Kidd, Piracy of, . . . Copartnership, Bankruptcy, &c., . Credit, Letters of, . . . . Currency, Effects of Tariff on, . . . City Stocks, Amount and Value of New York, . Coal Trade of Pennsylvania, . . . . and Copper of Virginia, . . . Coal Region of the Schuylkill and Wyoming Valley, Basin, Bear Valley, . . . . . Closing of the Navigation of the Hudson River, and Opening of the New York Canals, . Canada, Free Trade Association of, . . Canal, Louisville and Portland, . . . . Tolls of New York, Ohio and Pennsylvania, Commerce of Pennsylvania, . . . Canals of New York, Trade and Tonnage of, . Lockages on Erie, . . . . Movement of articles on Erie, 1836-45, . Tonnage arrived at Tide-water, . . . Carnarvon, Port of, . . . Carpeting, Machinery for manufacture of, . . China, Exports of Tea to the United States from, British Exports of Woollen Goods to, 1824-45, British Trade with, . . . . Treaty with the United States and, . . C alifornia, . . 349 .3 9 . . . . 73 . . . .7 4 . . . . 8 2 . . . .8 9 . . . 91 . . . . 104 . . . 539 . . . 141 . . . . 101 . . . . 101 . . . . 490 . . . 296 . . . . 180 . . . 192 . . . .543 . . . 543 . . • . 543 . . . 543 . . . 381 . . 154 . . . . 8 8 . . . . 584 . . . . 390 . ■ .9 3 . . . IX Index. Page Chinese Tariff, . . . . . . . . . 182 Museum in Boston, . . . . . . . 247 Chineha or Guano Islands, Sunken Rock at, . . • . 1 8 9 Climate, Influence of on Longevity, . 319, 403 Census of Michigan, 1840-5, . . . . • • * 294 Illinois, 1845, 295 Coffee Imported into the United States, 1790-1844, . . . . 290 Collectors of Customs, Instructions to, . . • • ' • 378 Columbia, Pennsylvania Railway, 1844—5, 427 River, First Trading Settlement on, . • • • 202 Commerce, Effects of War on American, . . . . . 392 Moral Uses of, . . ■ . • • • .6 0 of France, in 1844, 32 of the Dismal Swamp Canal, 101 a Theme for the Poet, 102 and Resources of Alabama, 104 of the City of Troy, New York, . 315 of Philadephia, 423 Commercial Chronicle and Review, . . . 76, 174, 271, 357, 459, 555 Decree of Government of Cuba, . . . . . 190 Treaties based on Reciprocity, . . . . . 51 Lawyers, . . . . . . . .6 3 Marine of Boston, . . . . . . . 83 Regulations of Mexico, . . . . . • .9 8 “ Peru, . . . . . . 567 Regulations, . . . . . 93, 182, 378, 486, 561 83, 191, 364, 465, 574 S t a t is t ic s ,................................................. Consulate Fees, Brazilian, . . . . . . . . 187 Copenhagen, Sea-marks in the Sound, &c. . . . . . 568 Copper Mines of New Jersey, . . . . . . . 392 “ of Lake Superior, . . . . . . . 439 Stocks, English, 1845, . . . . . . . . 442 Cotton manufacture of France, . . . . , . 396 Tariff of, at Mobile, . . . . . . . . 380 Imports of American into Trieste, 1831-45, . . . . 370 Wool Trade of France, 1 8 3 6 - 1 5 , ............................................................. 370 Spinning, Improvement in, . . . . . 154 Counterfeiting Marks and Names on Merchandise, . . . . . 330 Cuba,1Commercial Decree of, . . . . . . 190 Tariff o f , ....................................................................................................188 Customs Duties at Boston and New York, 1845-6, . . . . 460 Cutlery, American, . . . . . • . . 1 5 4 D. Letters, . . . . . . Debt, Abolition of Imprisonment for, in New South Wales, Louisiana Law of Arrest, . . . . Dunnose, Sunken Wreck off, . . . . . Dismal Swamp Canal, Commerce of, . . . . D ead . . . . . . . . . . . .138 487 394 99 101 X Index. Page E. Bank of, . . . . . . . Extension of Railways in, . . . . . Imports and Exports of 1842-5, . . . . Emigration from Great Britain, 1843-4, . . . . . Erie Railroad, New York and, . . . . . . Exports of Foreign Goods, . . . . . . Tea from China to the United States, . . . 181 . 490 360 293 35 .8 1 . 8 8 E ngland, . . . . r. F isk, Abijah, Biography of, . . . . . Flour carried over the Western Railroad, 1844-5, •• France, Cotton manufacture of, . . . . Trade of Great Britain with, . . . Exports of Great Britain to, . . . Imports from into Great Britain, . . Commerce of in 1844, . . . Imports and Exports of into different countries, Railroads of, . . . . . Cotton-wool Trade of, 1836-45, . . Franking Privilege, . . . . . Franklin Institute of Pennsylvania, . . Free Trade Association of Canada, . . . French Commercial Marine, . . . Fur Trade, the Northwest, . . . . Fishery, Whale of Hawaiian Islands, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 296 396 . 91 . 91 . 91 . .9 2 . 92 . 100 . 370 . 1 3 8 . .5 6 . 490 . . 394 . 532 . 105 . G. Amount of bonds issued, November, 1845, Progress of Railroads in, . . . German Zoll-verein and Hanse Towns, . . . Glass, Articles consumed in the Manufacture of,. Great Britain, Increase of National Wealth in, . Trade of with France, . . Cotton Wool Trade of, 1806-1845, . Emigration from, 1843-1844, . . . Grocery business in New York, . . . . Guano Trade, . . . . . G eokgia, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 . 484 159 . 388 393 . 9 1 . 368 293 103 . 298 H. Commerce of, . . . Hemp, American and Foreign compared, . . . Hides, Imports at New York, 1845, . . . . Hop Trade in New England, . . . . Hawaiian Islands, Whale Fishery at, . . . . H avana , . . . . 288 157 372 395 105 . 295 122 157 177 . . . . . . . . X. I llinois, Census of, 1840-5, . . . Influence of Commerce in the Affairs of the World, Iron, Discovery and Manufactures in, . . Transportation from Philadelphia to New York, . . . . . . . . . . . . . In d e x . xi Page R. Key W est, and Wrecking for Salvage, 1831-1845, Kidd, Piracy of, . . . . X. . L a F ayette, Port of, Lake Superior Copper Mines, Letter Writers, Hints to, . Letters, Dead, . . . . . Light on the Island of Moen, Lights at Entrance of Roads of Morlaix, Light-house, Teignmouth Harbor, new one at St. John’s, Porto Rico, of Sweden, . . . . Slipshaven Lights, . . . . Little Miami Railroad, . . . . Liverpool Tobacco Trade, 1836-1845, . Longevity, Influence of Climate on, . Louisiana, Law of Arrest for Debt, Its Agricultural and Commercial Interests, Sugar crop, 1840-5, Statistics of Sugar Plantations, Sugar crop, . . . . Production of Sugar in, . Louisville and Portland Canal, 1831-1845, Law Cases, Mercantile, . . . . Leading Features of 192 Banks of the United States, . 377 39 396 . 439 136 . 138 381 . 485 99 . 381 . 569 99 . 484 372 . 319,403 394 . 145,389 146 . 149 483 . 91 296 69, 170, 264, 353, 456, 551 79 m . Manufactures, Progress of American, . 152 British, exported to United States, . . 377 of Woollen in the United States, 105 Maritime Law, Respondentia Loans, . 547 Massachusetts Railroads, 382 Progress of Railroads in, . . 29 Character of Railroads of, 31 Cost of management of Railroads of, . 33 Increase of Traffic of Railroads of, . 34 Policy in her Railroad Charters, . 34 Agricultural, Manufacturing, and Commercial Industry of, 1845, . 284 Banks, 1837-45, . . . . . 461 Means of increasing our Commerce with Germany, 227 Moral Uses of Commerce and the Sea, . 60 Mercantile Law Cases, . . . . . 69, 170, 264, 353, 456, 551 Mercantile Library Association of Baltimore, . 388 “ “ “ Montreal, . 487 “ “ “ Boston, . . 489 “ <e “ New York, . 297 “ “ “ Philadelphia, . 387 Mercantile Library Associations, importance of, . 200 Miscellanies, . . . . 102, 200, 297, 387, 487, 585 xii Index. Pag© Mexico, Mines of, . . . . Michigan, Debt of, . . . . . Census of, 1845, . . . . Mining Operations of the French, . . . Mint, United States, Coinage of, 1843-5, . . United States, Branch at New Orleans, . Montevideo, Bearings of a Rock near, . . . Moen, Light on the Island of, . . . Mexican Commercial Regulations, . . . Molasses imported into the United States, 1790-1844, Montreal Mercantile Library Association, . . Morlaix Roads, Light at entrance of, . . . . . . . . . 1 6 5 . .179 294 . .391 272 . .66 99 381 98 . 292 . 487 . 485 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intelligence, . . . . . 99, 189, 380, 485, 568 Needle, Variation o f,. . . . . . . . . 190 New England Hop Trade, . . . . . . . 395 Mutual Life Insurance Company, . . . . . . 389 New Jersey Copper Mines, . . . . . . . 392 New South Wales, Abolition of Imprisonment for Debt in, . . . . 487 . . . . . . . 482 New Orleans, Exports from, Regulations of Tobacco Trade, . . . . . . 486 Exports from, . . . . . . . . 558 Receipts of Produce at, . . . . . . 559 United States Branch Mint at, . . . . . 66 Process of Coinage of Mint at, . . . . .6 7 New York Canals, Commerce of, . . . . . . 1 9 5 “ Trade and Tonnage of, . . . . 543 Commerce of, . . . . . . . 289 Banks, Specie and Loans, . . . . . . 276 Canal debt, . . . . . . . . . 175 Banks, Dividends, 1844-5, . . . . . . 274 City Stocks, Value of, . . . . . . 364 Import of Hides, 1845, . . . . . . 372 . 460 “ “ 1844-6,................................................. ............ Exports from, 1842-5, . . . . . . . 274 Packet Ships, Passages, 1845-6, . . . . . 374 Mercantile Library Association, . . . . . . 297 Canal Tolls, . . . . . . . . 180 Railroads, 1845, . . . . . . . . 384 State Stocks, value of, . . . . . . . 364 Monthly Imports and Duties, . . . . . . 556 Banks, Means and Liabilities, . . . . . . 556 Price of Flour at, . . . . . . . 80 Circulation of Banks of, . . . . . . 80 Navigation of the Hudson River, . . . . . .101 N autical e. Banks of, 1845-6, . . . Canal Tolls of, . . . Opening and Closing of Canals and River, O hio, . . . . . . .’ . . . . . . . . 4 6 1 180 101 Index. Oporto, Export of Wines, 1824-33, Oregon, Value of, . . Oswego, Commerce of, P. Ships, Passages of New York, 1845-6, Penang Harbor, . . . . . Pennsylvania, Canal Commerce of, Debt of, December, 1845, Canal Tolls, . . . . Anthracite Coal Trade, 1820-45, Coal Trade, . . . . Penny Postmen, . . . . . Peru, Commercial Decree of Government of, Philadelphia, Commerce of, . Philadelphia Mercantile Library Company, Rates of Pilotage at, Pilotage, Rates at Philadelphia, Pins, Machine for manufacture of, , Port Adelaide, South Australia, Population, Statistics of, . Emigration from Great Britain, 1843-4, Census of Michigan, 1845, “ Illinois, 1840-5, Progress of in the United States, 1810-45, Pork Trade and Packing in the West, 1843-6, Portugal and Madeira, Wine Districts of, Post-office, Boston, . . . . Private Boxes at Boston Post-office, . Prospects and Value of Life in the United States, Progress of Railroads in M assachusetts, Piracy of Captain Kidd, . . . . Production of Sugar in Louisiana, P acket R. and Banking Company, Southwestern, Bear Mountain, . . . . Little Miami, . . . . Railroads of Massachusetts, “ Progress of, “ Character of, “ Cost and Management of, “ Increase of Traffic of, New York and Erie, in Europe and America, of New York, 1845, Railroad and Steamboat Statistics, Statistics, . . . . and Canal Statistics, Railways, early English, . . . . Railways, Extension of, in England, First Application of Steam to, . R ailroad xiii Page . 342 435 . 292 . 374 485 . 192 176 . 180 375 . 90 . 135 567 . 4f3 . 387 379 . 379 156 . 189 293 . 293 294 . 295 570 . 371 . 339 129 . 137 19 . 29 39 . 91 386 . 141 . 484 382 . 29 31 . 33 34 . 35 100 . 384 382 484, 573 . 296 296 . 490 249 siv Index. Page Revenue, British, . . Rifle Factory, Whitney’s, Rio Grande, St. Pedro, . . . . 202 . 158 . 190 s. Wrecking for, at Key West, 1831-45, Scales, Fairbanks’ Platform, Shoal, Discovery of a New, in Line with Pulo Janang, Sicilies, Treaty with the United States, Silver Mines of Mexico, . . ; Smuggling of Goods in Spain, . Steam, Moral Influence of, . First Application to Railways, . Steamers, English, . . . . Steamboats Building in St. Louis, 1845, Stocks, Value of New York State, St. John’s, Porto Rico, New Light-house, . Sub-Treasury, . . . . Sugar, Consumption in different Countries, . S alvage, Imported into the United States 1790-1844, . Plantations, Statistics of, . . . . Sunken Rock, Chincha or Guano Islands, . . Sweden, Light-houses of, . . . . . Shipping of the Port of Boston, . . . Slipshaven, Harbor Lights of, . . . Sunken Wreck off Dunnose, . . . . Sea, Moral Uses of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . 377 . 489 381 . 485 561 165 . 393 . 498 249 . 133 . 385 364 . 381 545 . 201 146, 483 290 149 . 1 8 9 569 83 .9 9 99 60 T. Chinese, . . . . . . . . 1 8 2 of Cuba, Compend of, . . . . . . . 188 of 1842...................................................................................................... 261 Proposed Modification of, . . . . . , 443 of Rates on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, . . . . . 573 Treaties, Commercial, based on Reciprocity, . . . . . 51 Treaty between China and the United States, . , . . .9 3 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between the United States and Belgium, . 564 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, between the United States and Sicily, . 561 Tea, Exports from China to the United States, . . . . .88 Duty on, and Consumption of, • . . . . 202 Thomaston, Maine, Resources of, . . . . . , . 53(; Tobacco Trade in New Orleans, Regulations of, . . . 486 “ Liverpool, 1836-45, . . . . . . 372 “ Tricks in the, . . . . . . 395 Travelling, increase of Speed in, . . . . . . 139 Trieste, Imports of American Cotton, 1831-45, . . . . . 370 Trinity Corporation Rules of the Sea, . . . . . 380 Trade, Coal of Pennsylvania, . . . . . , .9 0 of Great Britain with France, . . . . . . 91 and Tonnage of New York Canals, . . . . . . 543 T ariff, xv Index. Teignmouth Harbor Light-house, Troy, New York, Commerce of, Manufactures of, Resources of, Population of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 99 . 515 515 . 515 517 . . . . u. Trade and Commerce of, Imports into, . . . . Export^ of Foreign and Colonial Merchandise, Exports of British Produce and Manufactures, Vessels employed in the foreign trade,. United States, Banks of, 1842-5, . . . . “ 1843-5, . . . . British Manufactures exported to, Commerce and Navigation of, “ “ “ in 1844-5, “ with the World, . . . Commercial Treaty with Belgium, Domestic Goods exported, 1844-5, Finances, . . . . . . Imports and Exports, 1841-5, [Imports for March, 1845, “ 1843-5, . . . . Progress of Population, 1810-40, Revenue and Expenditure, 1844-5, U nited K ingdom, ti M . . . U Sugar, Molasses, and Coffee imported, 1790-1844, Census of, 1850, . ** Note to, . Increase of the West, 1790-1840, Tariff on Wool, . . . . . Value and Prospects of Life in, Analysis of the Various Censuses of, Treaty with the German Zollverein, . Branch Mint at New Orleans, Leading Features of 192 Banks of, . Goods Imported into, . . . . Stocks, amount of, Import of Tea from China to, Treaty with China, . . . . . Woollen Manufactures of, . . . 579 580 583 . 583 584 . 273 359 . 377 191 . 465 . 365 564 559 . 175 272 . 574 358 . 570 273 . 557 290 . 115 488 . 119 244 . 20 20 . 51 66 . 79 81 . 89 88 . 93 105 . . V. History and Commerce, . . Victoria Rock, off Anglesea, . Virginia, Mineral Wealth and Resources of, Coal, Iron, Gold, and Copper Mines of, Value and Prospects of Life in the United States, V enetian . . 307 . 190 343 . 104 19 w. W ar, a Commercial View of, Effects of on American Commerce, . 585 . 392 xvi Inftex. Page Warehousing System, . . . * . * . West, Progress of the, . . ►. • . . Whale Fishery in the Hawaiian Islands, . . . . Whale Fishery, American, 1846, • . • . • . “ “ «« . . . . . . Wine Districts of Portugal and Madeira, . . . Exports of from Oporto, 1824-33, • . • • Wines, Ad Valorem Duties on, . . . . . Woollen Manufactures in the United States, . \ Woollen Goods, British Export to China, 1824-45, . . . Wrecking for Salvage, 1831-45, . . . . . Wyoming Valley, Coal Region of, . . . . . Wreck off Dunrose, . . . . * . Whistle, Application of the Steam, . . . . . • . . . . . . • • . . . . . 418, 5*29 163 • 105 . 279 .197 . 339 • 342 . 586 . 105 584 . 377 539 • .9 9 100