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1 Technical information: (202) 691-5870 http://www.bls.gov/jlt/ Media contact: USDL 05-2144 For release: 10:00 A.M. EST Tuesday, November 8, 2005 691-5902 JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER: SEPTEMBER 2005 The job openings rate increased in September while the hires and total separations rates were unchanged, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector by industry and geographic region. Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, Percent October 2002 - September 2005 Chart 2. Hires and separations rates, seasonally adjusted, Percent October 2002 - September 2005 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.5 Hires 3.3 3.5 3.1 2.9 3.3 2.7 Separations 3.1 2.5 2.3 2.9 2.1 1.9 2.7 1.7 2.5 1.5 2003 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005 Job Openings On the last business day of September 2005, there were 3.7 million job openings in the United States, and the job openings rate was 2.7 percent. (See table 1.) The job openings rate rose in September, continuing the generally upward trend that began in September 2003. Over the month, the job openings rate increased in government and in the South region. Hurricanes Katrina and Rita Hurricanes Katrina and Rita struck Florida and the Gulf Coast, potentially affecting estimates for August and September. While JOLTS does not produce data at the detailed local level, some effect of the storms may be reflected in the JOLTS estimates. 2 Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted Job openings Industry Sept. 2004 1 Total ........................................................... 3,265 Total private 1................................... 2,905 Construction ..................................... 105 Manufacturing ................................ 245 Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................................... 609 Professional and business services ......................................... 583 Education and health services ..... 529 Leisure and hospitality .................. 419 Government .......................................... 360 Hires Aug. 2005 Sept. 2005p Sept. 2004 3,487 3,130 136 266 3,677 3,251 151 276 Levels (in thousands) 4,601 4,589 4,406 3,957 4,276 4,231 363 435 435 361 344 341 620 609 908 998 590 604 427 370 667 620 457 426 761 416 772 375 786 465 771 337 Aug. 2005 Sept. 2005p Total separations Sept. Sept. Aug. 2005 2005p 2004 4,214 3,918 377 368 4,499 4,235 452 369 4,610 4,318 425 404 971 909 1,019 988 843 457 785 339 686 380 732 305 670 406 785 271 802 452 821 298 Rates (percent) 1 Total .......................................................... Total private 1....................................... Construction .................................... Manufacturing ................................ Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................................... Professional and business services ......................................... Education and health services ..... Leisure and hospitality .................. Government .......................................... 2.4 2.6 1.5 1.7 2.5 2.7 1.8 1.8 2.7 2.8 2.0 1.9 3.3 3.6 5.2 2.5 3.4 3.8 6.0 2.4 3.4 3.8 6.0 2.4 3.2 3.6 5.4 2.6 3.4 3.8 6.2 2.6 3.4 3.8 5.8 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.3 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.0 3.2 1.6 3.4 3.3 3.2 1.7 3.8 3.4 3.5 1.9 4.6 2.4 6.2 1.7 4.6 2.7 6.0 1.5 4.9 2.6 6.2 1.6 4.2 2.2 5.8 1.4 3.9 2.3 6.1 1.2 4.7 2.6 6.4 1.4 1 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. p = preliminary. Hires and Separations The hires rate was unchanged at 3.4 percent in September. (See table 2.) Hires are any additions to the payroll during the month. Over the month, the hires rate did not change significantly in any industry or region. The total separations, or turnover, rate was unchanged at 3.4 percent in September. (See table 3.) Separations are terminations of employment that occur at any time during the month. In September, the total separations rate increased in the professional and business services industry and in government. The total separations rates in the four geographic regions did not change significantly from August. Total separations include quits (voluntary separations), layoffs and discharges (involuntary separations), and other separations (including retirements). The quits rate, which can serve as a barometer of workers’ ability to change jobs, was essentially unchanged at 2.0 percent in September. (See table 4.) The quits rate increased in manufacturing and in professional and business services, but did not change significantly in any geographic region. The other two components of total separations—layoffs and discharges, and other separations—are not seasonally adjusted. From September 2004 to September 2005, the layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged at 1.3 percent, but the other separations rate decreased to 0.2 percent. (See tables 9 and 10.) 3 Hires and separations data help show dynamic flows in the labor market. Over the last 12 months, hires have averaged 4.7 million per month and separations have averaged 4.4 million per month (not seasonally adjusted). The comparable figures a year earlier were 4.4 million hires and 4.2 million separations. (See the Technical Note for additional information on these measures.) For More Information For additional information, please read the Technical Note or visit the JOLTS Web site at http://www. bls.gov/jlt/. Additional information about JOLTS also may be obtained by e-mailing Joltsinfo@bls.gov or by calling (202) 691-5870. ______________________________ The Job Openings and Labor Turnover release for October 2005 is scheduled to be issued on Tuesday, December 13, 2005. Technical Note The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Collection Each month, data are collected in a survey of business establishments for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Data collection methods include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data entry, fax, and mail. Coverage The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Concepts Industry classification. The industry classifications in this release are in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). In order to ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Employment Security Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the industry code, location, and ownership classification of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment characteristics resulting from the verification process are always introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for the first month of the year. Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where they are working. Job openings. Establishments submit job openings information for the last business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using other similar methods. Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100. Hires. Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated, and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. Separations. Separations are the total number of terminations of employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and are reported by type of separation— quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are voluntary separations by employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other separations). Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to rehire, formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7 days, discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings, firings or other discharges for cause, terminations of permanent or short-term employees, and terminations of seasonal employees. Other separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. Separations do not include transfers within the same location or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and multiplying by 100. Sample methodology The JOLTS sample design is a random sample of 16,000 nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over eight million establishments compiled as part of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, or QCEW, program. This program includes all employers subject to state Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE). The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and size class. Large firms fall into the sample with virtual certainty. JOLTS total employment estimates are controlled to the employment estimates of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements. Rates are then computed from the adjusted levels. Using JOLTS data The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are relatively new. The full sample is divided into panels, with one panel enrolled each month. A full complement of panels for the original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the survey until January 2002. The supplemental panels of establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely enrolled until May 2003. The data collected up until those points are from less than a full sample. Therefore, estimates from earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units were reporting data at that time. In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and separations data were revised to address possible underreporting. As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior to March 2002 may not be comparable with estimates for March 2002 and later. The federal government reorganization that involved transferring approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations estimates for the federal government. The Office of Personnel Management’s record shows these transfers were completed in March 2003. The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers between establishments. The Department of Homeland Security reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government time series. Seasonal adjustment BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment program. Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school year. Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated with general economic expansions and contractions. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. Data users should note that seasonal adjustment of the JOLTS series is conducted with fewer data observations than is customary. The historical data, therefore, may be subject to larger than normal revisions. Since the seasonal patterns in economic data series typically emerge over time, the standard use of moving averages as seasonal filters to capture these effects requires longer series than are currently available. As a result, the stable seasonal filter option is used in the seasonal adjustment of the JOLTS data. When calculating seasonal factors, this filter takes an average for each calendar month after detrending the series. The stable seasonal filter assumes that the seasonal factors are fixed; a necessary assumption until sufficient data are available. When the stable seasonal filter is no longer needed, other program features also may be introduced, such as outlier adjustment and extended diagnostic testing. Additionally, it is expected that more series, such as layoffs and discharges and additional industries, may be seasonally adjusted when more data are available. Reliability of the estimates JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because of sampling error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request. The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation. JOLTS hires and separations estimates cannot be used to exactly explain net changes in nonfarm payroll employment. Some reasons why it is problematic to compare changes in payroll employment with JOLTS hires and separations, especially on a monthly basis, are: 1) the reference period for payroll employment is the pay period including the 12th of the month, while the reference period for hires and separations is the calendar month; and 2) payroll employment can vary from month to month simply because part-time and on-call workers may not always work during the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Additionally, research has found that some reporters systematically underreport separations relative to hires due to a number of factors, including the nature of their payroll systems and practices. The shortfall appears to be about 2 percent or less over a 12-month period. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. 1 2 Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted Levels3 (in thousands) Industry and region Sept. 2004 Total 4……………………………………………… 3,265 Rates Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 Sept. Sept. 2005p 3,576 3,416 3,647 3,588 3,487 3,178 113 259 627 691 608 457 396 3,050 107 240 597 659 611 440 378 3,239 104 269 624 686 609 517 394 3,204 128 287 600 666 607 439 388 602 1,414 742 818 563 1,303 786 799 634 1,333 781 869 610 1,343 764 832 2004 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 2005p Sept. 3,677 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.7 3,130 136 266 620 590 604 427 370 3,251 151 276 609 667 620 457 426 2.6 1.5 1.7 2.3 3.4 3.0 3.2 1.6 2.8 1.5 1.8 2.4 3.9 3.4 3.5 1.8 2.7 1.5 1.6 2.3 3.8 3.4 3.3 1.7 2.8 1.4 1.8 2.4 3.9 3.4 3.9 1.8 2.8 1.7 2.0 2.3 3.8 3.4 3.3 1.7 2.7 1.8 1.8 2.3 3.4 3.3 3.2 1.7 2.8 2.0 1.9 2.3 3.8 3.4 3.5 1.9 609 1,353 704 841 628 1,458 742 869 2.2 2.6 2.2 2.7 2.3 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.2 2.8 2.4 3.0 2.3 2.9 INDUSTRY Total private4…………………………………… 2,905 105 Manufacturing………………………………… 245 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 609 Professional and business services……… 583 Education and health services……………… 529 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 419 Government……………………………………… 360 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 564 South………………………………………… 1,239 Midwest……………………………………… West…………………………………………… 1 699 797 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, of the month. 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, and other services, not shown separately. p = preliminary. and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise and Wyoming. Table 2. Hires levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted 3 Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Sept. 2004 Total 4……………………………………………… 4,406 Rates Sept. Sept. p 2005 4,601 4,342 381 345 990 832 453 834 330 772 1,689 1,045 1,081 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 2004 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 2005p 4,538 4,740 4,694 4,649 4,212 412 319 1,042 792 487 742 329 4,398 420 342 1,030 887 466 750 339 4,365 393 347 1,045 835 457 877 337 825 1,701 1,020 1,037 764 1,816 1,129 1,048 794 1,786 1,054 1,070 Sept. 4,589 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 4,276 435 344 998 786 465 771 337 4,231 435 341 971 843 457 785 339 3.6 5.2 2.5 3.6 4.6 2.4 6.2 1.7 3.8 5.7 2.2 4.0 4.7 2.8 5.8 1.5 3.9 5.8 2.4 4.0 5.3 2.7 5.9 1.6 3.9 5.4 2.4 4.0 4.9 2.6 6.9 1.6 3.9 5.3 2.4 3.8 4.9 2.6 6.5 1.5 3.8 6.0 2.4 3.8 4.6 2.7 6.0 1.5 3.8 6.0 2.4 3.8 4.9 2.6 6.2 1.6 738 1,750 970 1,144 776 1,777 924 1,125 3.1 3.8 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.0 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.0 3.6 3.3 3.7 2.9 3.7 3.1 3.9 3.0 3.7 2.9 3.8 INDUSTRY 4 Total private …………………………………… 3,957 363 Manufacturing………………………………… 361 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 908 Professional and business services……… 761 Education and health services……………… 416 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 772 Government……………………………………… 375 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 794 South………………………………………… 1,754 Midwest……………………………………… West…………………………………………… 889 963 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. 1 2 Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted Levels3 (in thousands) Industry and region Sept. 2004 Total 4……………………………………………… 4,214 Rates Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 Sept. Sept. 2005p 4,562 4,504 4,477 4,270 4,499 4,306 421 369 1,018 869 433 709 256 4,256 408 369 989 851 405 750 254 4,223 380 350 980 818 401 803 254 4,007 370 361 948 747 391 750 257 807 1,766 982 1,006 714 1,743 976 1,034 761 1,653 946 1,062 715 1,567 1,011 1,001 2004 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 2005p Sept. 4,610 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4 4,235 452 369 1,019 670 406 785 271 4,318 425 404 988 802 452 821 298 3.6 5.4 2.6 3.6 4.2 2.2 5.8 1.4 3.9 5.8 2.6 3.9 5.2 2.5 5.6 1.2 3.8 5.6 2.6 3.8 5.1 2.3 5.9 1.2 3.8 5.3 2.4 3.8 4.8 2.3 6.3 1.2 3.6 5.1 2.5 3.7 4.4 2.3 5.9 1.2 3.8 6.2 2.6 3.9 3.9 2.3 6.1 1.2 3.8 5.8 2.8 3.8 4.7 2.6 6.4 1.4 734 1,639 1,047 1,094 748 1,744 1,051 1,071 2.9 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.7 3.1 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.1 3.5 3.0 3.5 3.0 3.6 2.8 3.3 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.7 2.9 3.7 3.3 3.6 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 2005p INDUSTRY Total private4…………………………………… 3,918 377 Manufacturing………………………………… 368 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 909 Professional and business services……… 686 Education and health services……………… 380 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 732 Government……………………………………… 305 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 725 South………………………………………… 1,604 Midwest……………………………………… West…………………………………………… 922 982 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 4. Quits levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted Levels3 (in thousands) Industry and region Sept. 2004 Total 4……………………………………………… 2,291 Rates Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2005 Aug. 2005 Sept. Sept. 2005p 2004 Apr. 2005 2,520 2,514 2,475 2,474 2,605 2,686 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.0 2,395 146 178 577 417 272 506 125 2,391 168 183 589 420 249 488 123 2,348 139 190 588 386 256 510 124 2,351 140 189 577 353 271 525 125 2,467 222 184 604 374 260 517 139 2,537 207 211 568 447 281 557 153 2.0 2.3 1.3 2.1 2.2 1.4 3.6 .6 2.1 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.5 1.6 4.0 .6 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.3 2.5 1.4 3.8 .6 2.1 1.9 1.3 2.3 2.3 1.5 4.0 .6 2.1 1.9 1.3 2.2 2.1 1.6 4.1 .6 2.2 3.1 1.3 2.3 2.2 1.5 4.0 .6 2.3 2.8 1.5 2.2 2.6 1.6 4.4 .7 446 992 540 573 373 1,020 554 562 350 960 542 653 381 964 548 577 380 1,054 570 585 372 1,102 600 617 1.3 2.0 1.6 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.7 2.0 1.5 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.2 1.5 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.5 2.2 1.8 2.0 1.5 2.3 1.9 2.1 Sept. INDUSTRY 4 Total private …………………………………… 2,166 159 Manufacturing………………………………… 181 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 529 Professional and business services……… 358 Education and health services……………… 235 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 451 Government……………………………………… 127 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 317 950 Midwest……………………………………… 492 West…………………………………………… 541 South………………………………………… 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 5. Job openings levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Rates Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005P 3,408 3,749 3,848 2.5 2.7 2.8 3,061 10 101 256 158 98 690 120 490 80 71 236 193 43 609 542 47 495 411 57 354 135 3,348 10 148 285 189 96 686 130 428 127 98 236 198 38 629 639 65 574 475 63 412 144 3,437 13 153 287 187 99 683 113 441 128 105 247 200 47 704 633 65 569 451 38 412 162 2.7 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.6 2.1 3.2 1.6 2.2 2.8 3.1 2.0 3.5 3.1 1.7 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.2 2.4 2.9 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.2 2.7 2.5 3.0 2.8 3.1 1.7 3.5 3.6 2.5 3.8 3.4 2.9 3.5 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.8 2.6 1.9 2.8 2.5 3.2 2.9 3.2 2.1 3.9 3.5 2.3 3.8 3.4 2.0 3.6 2.9 347 46 302 401 43 358 410 46 364 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.5 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.9 590 1,266 739 813 676 1,399 779 895 665 1,511 782 890 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.4 3.0 2.5 3.1 2.4 2.9 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 6. Hires levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Rates Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 4,918 5,296 5,114 3.7 4.0 3.8 4,329 21 373 388 241 146 1,029 151 650 229 65 200 118 82 763 537 116 421 766 130 636 187 4,778 19 447 394 216 178 1,101 159 772 169 84 186 117 69 862 580 92 488 875 104 771 229 4,581 17 454 363 219 144 1,087 147 751 189 81 176 117 59 851 586 121 465 783 76 708 182 3.9 3.4 5.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 4.0 2.7 4.3 4.7 2.1 2.5 2.0 3.9 4.6 3.2 4.3 3.0 6.0 6.8 5.9 3.5 4.2 3.0 5.9 2.7 2.4 3.3 4.2 2.8 5.1 3.4 2.6 2.2 1.9 3.1 5.0 3.4 3.7 3.4 6.5 4.9 6.8 4.2 4.1 2.6 6.0 2.5 2.4 2.7 4.2 2.6 5.0 3.8 2.6 2.1 1.9 2.7 5.0 3.4 4.3 3.2 6.0 4.0 6.4 3.3 589 44 545 517 44 473 533 57 476 2.7 1.6 2.9 2.5 1.6 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.5 1,018 1,786 1,050 1,063 779 2,041 1,186 1,289 996 1,807 1,066 1,245 4.0 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.1 4.3 3.8 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.4 4.2 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 7. Total separations levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Rates Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 4,725 5,731 5,186 3.6 4.3 3.9 4,354 20 403 372 239 133 964 140 681 144 75 232 138 94 691 409 70 339 970 246 724 219 5,312 22 545 448 288 160 1,201 152 853 196 90 234 166 68 844 528 77 451 1,008 175 833 392 4,810 16 461 414 253 160 1,046 124 741 180 99 170 108 62 812 483 89 394 1,107 230 877 204 3.9 3.2 5.6 2.6 2.7 2.4 3.8 2.5 4.6 2.9 2.4 2.9 2.3 4.4 4.2 2.4 2.6 2.4 7.6 12.9 6.7 4.0 4.7 3.4 7.2 3.1 3.2 3.0 4.6 2.6 5.6 4.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 3.1 4.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 7.5 8.3 7.4 7.1 4.3 2.4 6.1 2.9 2.8 3.0 4.1 2.2 4.9 3.6 3.2 2.1 1.8 2.8 4.7 2.8 3.2 2.7 8.5 12.0 7.9 3.7 371 32 339 419 44 375 376 49 327 1.7 1.2 1.8 2.0 1.6 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.7 896 1,662 1,066 1,101 954 2,116 1,379 1,281 925 1,832 1,228 1,202 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.8 3.8 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.1 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 8. Quits levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Rates Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 2,636 3,558 3,118 2.0 2.7 2.3 2,497 12 177 204 127 77 613 85 461 66 40 123 69 54 374 262 37 226 571 62 508 120 3,328 12 266 255 148 108 812 97 598 116 62 166 113 53 501 344 46 298 710 64 646 200 2,950 9 233 243 155 88 649 75 484 90 69 91 74 17 460 318 49 268 751 66 684 127 2.3 2.0 2.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.4 1.5 3.1 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2 2.5 2.3 1.6 1.4 1.6 4.5 3.3 4.7 2.2 2.9 1.8 3.5 1.8 1.6 2.0 3.1 1.7 3.9 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.9 2.0 1.8 2.0 5.3 3.0 5.7 3.6 2.6 1.4 3.1 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.5 1.3 3.2 1.8 2.2 1.1 1.2 .8 2.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 5.8 3.5 6.2 2.3 139 10 129 230 21 208 169 20 149 .6 .4 .7 1.1 .8 1.2 .8 .7 .8 413 1,034 571 617 536 1,402 822 798 484 1,213 710 711 1.6 2.2 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.9 2.6 2.7 1.9 2.5 2.3 2.4 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 9. Layoffs and discharges levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Rates Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 1,742 1,819 1,770 1.3 1.4 1.3 1,559 4 194 140 90 49 296 47 187 63 23 75 37 38 276 116 30 86 356 177 179 79 1,685 9 253 162 118 44 326 43 219 64 21 53 43 10 280 149 26 123 254 108 146 179 1,619 5 212 143 81 62 337 27 232 78 21 67 24 43 302 130 37 93 336 158 178 65 1.4 .7 2.7 1.0 1.0 .9 1.2 .8 1.2 1.3 .8 .9 .6 1.8 1.7 .7 1.1 .6 2.8 9.3 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.3 3.3 1.1 1.3 .8 1.3 .7 1.4 1.3 .7 .6 .7 .5 1.6 .9 1.0 .8 1.9 5.1 1.3 3.2 1.4 .8 2.8 1.0 .9 1.2 1.3 .5 1.5 1.6 .7 .8 .4 2.0 1.8 .7 1.3 .6 2.6 8.3 1.6 1.2 183 10 174 134 11 123 151 13 138 .9 .4 .9 .7 .4 .7 .7 .5 .7 403 504 416 419 347 584 496 393 400 526 440 404 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.4 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. 2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. p = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 10. Other separations levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Rates Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 347 354 298 .3 .3 .2 298 3 32 28 22 6 55 7 33 15 11 34 32 2 40 30 3 27 43 7 37 20 299 1 26 31 22 9 64 12 36 16 7 15 9 5 63 35 6 29 45 3 42 12 241 1 15 27 17 10 60 23 26 12 9 12 10 2 50 36 3 33 20 5 15 12 .3 .5 .4 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .3 .4 .4 .5 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 .4 .3 .4 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .4 .2 .2 .2 .3 .1 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .4 .2 .2 .3 .1 .2 .1 .3 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .1 .2 49 13 36 55 12 43 57 16 40 .2 .5 .2 .3 .4 .2 .3 .6 .2 80 123 79 64 72 131 62 90 41 93 78 87 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .3 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 2 p Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1.