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1 Technical information: (202) 691-5870 http://www.bls.gov/jlt/ Media contact: USDL 05-1674 For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Wednesday, September 7, 2005 691-5902 JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER: JULY 2005 The job openings and hires rates were little changed in July, while the total separations rate decreased to 3.1 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector by industry and geographic region. Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, Percent December 2000 - July 2005 Chart 2. Hires and separations rates, seasonally adjusted, Percent December 2000 - July 2005 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 Hires Separations 1.8 1.8 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Job Openings On the last business day of July 2005, there were 3.5 million job openings in the United States, and the job openings rate was 2.6 percent. (See table 1.) The job openings rate was little changed in July, but has generally trended upward since September 2003. In July, the job openings rate increased in the manufacturing industry and decreased in the leisure and hospitality industry and in the Northeast region. Hires and Separations The hires rate was little changed at 3.4 percent in July. (See table 2.) Hires are any additions to the payroll during the month. In July, the hires rate did not change significantly in any industry or region. The total separations, or turnover, rate decreased from 3.4 to 3.1 percent in July. (See table 3.) Separations are terminations of employment that occur at any time during the month. In July, the total separations rate decreased in the professional and business services industry and in the South region. 2 Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted Job openings Industry 1 Total ............................................................ Total private 1........................................ Construction ................................... Manufacturing ................................ Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................................... Professional and business services ......................................... Education and health services .... Leisure and hospitality ................. Government .......................................... July 2004 June 2005 Hires July 2005p July 2004 Levels (in thousands) 4,694 4,545 4,297 4,015 4,365 4,237 357 393 384 340 347 344 June 2005 3,231 2,871 89 238 3,647 3,239 104 269 3,545 3,167 112 293 558 624 607 925 1,045 615 524 411 358 686 609 517 394 682 605 424 380 725 424 804 314 835 457 877 337 July 2005p Total separations July June July 2004 2005 2005p 4,190 3,923 345 363 4,477 4,223 380 350 4,132 3,864 373 362 977 979 980 953 795 440 819 327 683 370 729 264 818 401 803 254 669 396 720 261 Rates (percent) Total 1......................................................... Total private 1....................................... Construction ................................... Manufacturing ................................ Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................................... Professional and business services ......................................... Education and health services .... Leisure and hospitality ................. Government .......................................... 1 2.4 2.5 1.3 1.6 2.7 2.8 1.4 1.8 2.6 2.7 1.5 2.0 3.3 3.7 5.1 2.4 3.5 3.9 5.4 2.4 3.4 3.8 5.3 2.4 3.2 3.6 5.0 2.5 3.4 3.8 5.3 2.4 3.1 3.5 5.2 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.3 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.0 3.2 1.6 3.9 3.4 3.9 1.8 3.9 3.4 3.2 1.7 4.4 2.5 6.4 1.5 4.9 2.6 6.9 1.6 4.7 2.5 6.4 1.5 4.2 2.2 5.8 1.2 4.8 2.3 6.3 1.2 4.0 2.3 5.6 1.2 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. p = preliminary. Total separations include quits (voluntary separations), layoffs and discharges (involuntary separations), and other separations (including retirements). The quits rate, which can serve as a barometer of workers’ ability to change jobs, was essentially unchanged at 1.8 percent in July. (See table 4.) The quits rate decreased in the professional and business services industry and in the West region in July. The other two components of total separations—layoffs and discharges, and other separations—are not seasonally adjusted. From July 2004 to July 2005, the layoffs and discharges rate (1.0 percent) and the other separations rate (0.2 percent) were essentially unchanged. (See tables 9 and 10.) Hires and separations data help show dynamic flows in the labor market. Over the last 12 months, hires have averaged 4.7 million per month and separations have averaged 4.4 million per month (not seasonally adjusted). The comparable figures a year earlier were 4.3 million hires and 4.1 million separations. (See the Technical Note for additional information on these measures.) 3 For More Information For additional information, please read the Technical Note or visit the JOLTS Web site at http://www. bls.gov/jlt/. Additional information about JOLTS also may be obtained by e-mailing Joltsinfo@bls.gov or by calling (202) 691-5870. ______________________________ The Job Openings and Labor Turnover release for August 2005 is scheduled to be issued on Wednesday, October 12, 2005. Technical Note The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Collection Each month, data are collected in a survey of business establishments for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Data collection methods include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data entry, fax, and mail. Coverage The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Concepts Industry classification. The industry classifications in this release are in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). In order to ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Employment Security Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the industry code, location, and ownership classification of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment characteristics resulting from the verification process are always introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for the first month of the year. Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where they are working. Job openings. Establishments submit job openings information for the last business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using other similar methods. Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100. Hires. Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated, and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. Separations. Separations are the total number of terminations of employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and are reported by type of separation— quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are voluntary separations by employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other separations). Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to rehire, formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7 days, discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings, firings or other discharges for cause, terminations of permanent or short-term employees, and terminations of seasonal employees. Other separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. Separations do not include transfers within the same location or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and multiplying by 100. Sample methodology The JOLTS sample design is a random sample of 16,000 nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over eight million establishments compiled as part of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, or QCEW, program. This program includes all employers subject to state Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE). The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and size class. Large firms fall into the sample with virtual certainty. JOLTS total employment estimates are controlled to the employment estimates of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements. Rates are then computed from the adjusted levels. Using JOLTS data The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are relatively new. The full sample is divided into panels, with one panel enrolled each month. A full complement of panels for the original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the survey until January 2002. The supplemental panels of establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely enrolled until May 2003. The data collected up until those points are from less than a full sample. Therefore, estimates from earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units were reporting data at that time. In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and separations data were revised to address possible underreporting. As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior to March 2002 may not be comparable with estimates for March 2002 and later. The federal government reorganization that involved transferring approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations estimates for the federal government. The Office of Personnel Management’s record shows these transfers were completed in March 2003. The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers between establishments. The Department of Homeland Security reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government time series. Seasonal adjustment BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment program. Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school year. Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated with general economic expansions and contractions. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. Data users should note that seasonal adjustment of the JOLTS series is conducted with fewer data observations than is customary. The historical data, therefore, may be subject to larger than normal revisions. Since the seasonal patterns in economic data series typically emerge over time, the standard use of moving averages as seasonal filters to capture these effects requires longer series than are currently available. As a result, the stable seasonal filter option is used in the seasonal adjustment of the JOLTS data. When calculating seasonal factors, this filter takes an average for each calendar month after detrending the series. The stable seasonal filter assumes that the seasonal factors are fixed; a necessary assumption until sufficient data are available. When the stable seasonal filter is no longer needed, other program features also may be introduced, such as outlier adjustment and extended diagnostic testing. Additionally, it is expected that more series, such as layoffs and discharges and additional industries, may be seasonally adjusted when more data are available. Reliability of the estimates JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because of sampling error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request. The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation. JOLTS hires and separations estimates cannot be used to exactly explain net changes in nonfarm payroll employment. Some reasons why it is problematic to compare changes in payroll employment with JOLTS hires and separations, especially on a monthly basis, are: 1) the reference period for payroll employment is the pay period including the 12th of the month, while the reference period for hires and separations is the calendar month; and 2) payroll employment can vary from month to month simply because part-time and on-call workers may not always work during the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Additionally, research has found that some reporters systematically underreport separations relative to hires due to a number of factors, including the nature of their payroll systems and practices. The shortfall appears to be about 2 percent or less over a 12-month period. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. 1 2 Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted Levels3 (in thousands) Industry and region July Rates Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July July 2004 Feb. 2005 2005p Total 4……………………………………………… 3,231 3,569 3,598 3,576 3,416 3,647 3,160 133 252 668 607 602 447 404 3,212 170 258 624 646 616 440 383 3,178 113 259 627 691 608 457 396 3,050 107 240 597 659 611 440 378 606 1,399 745 823 615 1,447 737 806 602 1,414 742 818 563 1,303 786 799 2004 Feb. 2005 Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 2005p July 3,545 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.6 3,239 104 269 624 686 609 517 394 3,167 112 293 607 682 605 424 380 2.5 1.3 1.6 2.1 3.6 3.0 3.2 1.6 2.8 1.8 1.7 2.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 1.8 2.8 2.3 1.8 2.4 3.7 3.5 3.4 1.7 2.8 1.5 1.8 2.4 3.9 3.4 3.5 1.8 2.7 1.5 1.6 2.3 3.8 3.4 3.3 1.7 2.8 1.4 1.8 2.4 3.9 3.4 3.9 1.8 2.7 1.5 2.0 2.3 3.9 3.4 3.2 1.7 634 1,333 781 869 582 1,331 775 821 2.1 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.9 2.3 2.8 2.4 3.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.9 2.2 2.7 2.4 2.7 INDUSTRY Total private4…………………………………… 2,871 89 Manufacturing………………………………… 238 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 558 Professional and business services……… 615 Education and health services……………… 524 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 411 Government……………………………………… 358 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 535 South………………………………………… 1,291 Midwest……………………………………… West…………………………………………… 1 656 719 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, of the month. 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, and other services, not shown separately. P = preliminary. and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise and Wyoming. Table 2. Hires levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted 3 Levels (in thousands) Industry and region July Rates July 2004 Feb. 2005 Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July 2004 Feb. 2005 Mar. 2005 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 2005p Total 4……………………………………………… 4,297 4,760 4,841 4,538 4,740 4,694 4,545 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 4,430 430 336 1,055 853 500 771 329 4,497 414 334 1,047 895 472 798 336 4,212 412 319 1,042 792 487 742 329 4,398 420 342 1,030 887 466 750 339 4,365 393 347 1,045 835 457 877 337 4,237 384 344 977 795 440 819 327 3.7 5.1 2.4 3.6 4.4 2.5 6.4 1.5 4.0 6.0 2.3 4.1 5.1 2.9 6.1 1.5 4.0 5.8 2.3 4.1 5.3 2.7 6.3 1.5 3.8 5.7 2.2 4.0 4.7 2.8 5.8 1.5 3.9 5.8 2.4 4.0 5.3 2.7 5.9 1.6 3.9 5.4 2.4 4.0 4.9 2.6 6.9 1.6 3.8 5.3 2.4 3.8 4.7 2.5 6.4 1.5 820 1,867 1,081 1,069 856 1,922 1,034 1,036 825 1,701 1,020 1,037 764 1,816 1,129 1,048 794 1,786 1,054 1,070 767 1,673 1,018 1,035 3.0 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.2 4.0 3.5 3.7 3.4 4.1 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.0 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.0 3.5 3.2 3.5 p July INDUSTRY 4 Total private …………………………………… 4,015 357 Manufacturing………………………………… 340 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 925 Professional and business services……… 725 Education and health services……………… 424 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 804 Government……………………………………… 314 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 748 South………………………………………… 1,678 Midwest……………………………………… West…………………………………………… 931 872 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. 1 2 Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted Levels3 (in thousands) Industry and region July Rates Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July July 2004 Feb. 2005 2005p Total 4……………………………………………… 4,190 4,295 4,502 4,562 4,504 4,477 4,035 403 341 940 772 389 790 260 4,237 303 360 980 924 445 743 267 4,306 421 369 1,018 869 433 709 256 4,256 408 369 989 851 405 750 254 732 1,647 937 961 802 1,763 1,051 926 807 1,766 982 1,006 714 1,743 976 1,034 2004 Feb. 2005 Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 2005p July 4,132 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.1 4,223 380 350 980 818 401 803 254 3,864 373 362 953 669 396 720 261 3.6 5.0 2.5 3.8 4.2 2.2 5.8 1.2 3.6 5.7 2.4 3.7 4.6 2.3 6.3 1.2 3.8 4.2 2.5 3.8 5.5 2.6 5.9 1.2 3.9 5.8 2.6 3.9 5.2 2.5 5.6 1.2 3.8 5.6 2.6 3.8 5.1 2.3 5.9 1.2 3.8 5.3 2.4 3.8 4.8 2.3 6.3 1.2 3.5 5.2 2.5 3.7 4.0 2.3 5.6 1.2 761 1,653 946 1,062 709 1,500 982 976 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.3 2.9 3.5 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.1 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.1 3.5 3.0 3.5 3.0 3.6 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.3 Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 2005p INDUSTRY Total private4…………………………………… 3,923 345 Manufacturing………………………………… 363 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 979 Professional and business services……… 683 Education and health services……………… 370 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 729 Government……………………………………… 264 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 748 South………………………………………… 1,578 Midwest……………………………………… West…………………………………………… 966 934 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 4. Quits levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted 3 Levels (in thousands) Industry and region July Rates Mar. 2005 Apr. 2005 May 2005 June 2005 July July 2004 Feb. 2005 2005p 2004 Feb. 2005 Total 4……………………………………………… 2,340 2,307 2,516 2,520 2,514 2,475 2,404 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 2,192 139 181 512 410 259 474 117 2,383 150 186 583 424 280 458 124 2,395 146 178 577 417 272 506 125 2,391 168 183 589 420 249 488 123 2,348 139 190 588 386 256 510 124 2,278 144 191 567 314 276 505 127 2.0 1.5 1.2 2.2 2.2 1.6 3.6 .6 2.0 2.0 1.3 2.0 2.4 1.5 3.8 .5 2.1 2.1 1.3 2.3 2.5 1.6 3.6 .6 2.1 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.5 1.6 4.0 .6 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.3 2.5 1.4 3.8 .6 2.1 1.9 1.3 2.3 2.3 1.5 4.0 .6 2.0 2.0 1.3 2.2 1.9 1.6 3.9 .6 340 914 509 550 410 1,003 561 562 446 992 540 573 373 1,020 554 562 350 960 542 653 368 929 529 581 1.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.6 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.7 2.0 1.5 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.2 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.0 July INDUSTRY 4 Total private …………………………………… 2,215 104 Manufacturing………………………………… 179 Trade, transportation, and utilities………… 561 Professional and business services……… 365 Education and health services……………… 269 Leisure and hospitality………………...…… 449 Government……………………………………… 127 Construction………………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………… 345 945 Midwest……………………………………… 534 West…………………………………………… 514 South………………………………………… 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 4 Includes natural resources and mining, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 5. Job openings levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Rates July June July July June July 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 3,442 3,813 3,766 2.6 2.8 2.7 3,053 10 103 255 151 104 575 129 356 89 87 200 160 39 660 544 48 496 469 45 424 151 3,363 12 120 284 184 100 618 116 380 122 85 235 189 45 745 623 63 560 515 76 438 126 3,358 12 132 317 205 111 621 128 384 109 77 225 181 43 731 629 63 566 476 73 403 139 2.7 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.8 2.7 2.4 2.6 1.8 3.8 3.2 1.9 3.4 3.5 2.1 3.7 2.7 2.9 1.8 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 2.0 4.2 3.5 2.3 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.7 2.2 2.9 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.9 1.9 4.1 3.6 2.4 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.4 2.4 388 41 348 451 52 399 408 46 362 1.9 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.7 2.0 554 1,411 696 780 665 1,401 805 943 598 1,457 822 890 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.5 3.1 2.3 3.0 2.6 2.9 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 6. Hires levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Rates July June July July June July 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 4,512 5,702 4,713 3.4 4.2 3.5 4,160 20 379 371 227 144 907 131 640 137 64 195 94 101 746 459 59 400 842 147 695 177 5,270 29 516 399 272 126 1,150 174 801 175 82 202 121 80 928 549 61 488 1,136 210 925 280 4,349 18 401 373 216 157 945 132 679 134 59 173 116 57 806 471 72 399 867 119 748 236 3.7 3.3 5.2 2.6 2.5 2.6 3.6 2.3 4.3 2.9 2.0 2.4 1.6 4.8 4.5 2.8 2.4 2.8 6.4 6.9 6.3 3.2 4.7 4.5 6.9 2.8 3.0 2.4 4.4 3.0 5.3 3.5 2.6 2.4 2.0 3.7 5.4 3.2 2.3 3.4 8.5 10.1 8.2 5.1 3.9 2.8 5.3 2.6 2.4 2.9 3.6 2.3 4.5 2.7 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.6 4.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 6.5 5.6 6.6 4.3 352 41 311 432 50 382 364 35 329 1.7 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.3 1.8 829 1,817 917 949 1,059 2,081 1,268 1,294 844 1,759 994 1,116 3.3 3.9 3.0 3.3 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.4 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.8 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 7. Total separations levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Rates Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… July June July July June July 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 4,421 4,675 4,338 3.4 3.5 3.2 4,094 16 304 384 250 134 987 155 667 166 57 181 104 77 772 417 57 360 763 94 669 213 4,291 15 365 355 219 135 960 119 646 194 71 192 133 59 847 469 76 393 823 110 713 194 4,014 13 320 387 242 146 954 131 691 132 75 160 116 43 749 443 61 382 726 69 657 186 3.7 2.7 4.2 2.7 2.8 2.5 3.9 2.7 4.4 3.4 1.8 2.2 1.7 3.6 4.7 2.5 2.3 2.5 5.8 4.4 6.1 3.9 3.8 2.4 4.9 2.5 2.4 2.5 3.7 2.1 4.3 3.9 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.7 5.0 2.7 2.9 2.7 6.2 5.3 6.3 3.5 3.6 2.1 4.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.7 2.3 4.5 2.7 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.0 4.4 2.6 2.4 2.6 5.4 3.2 5.8 3.4 327 30 297 383 38 345 325 34 291 1.6 1.1 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.6 738 1,731 954 998 854 1,706 1,020 1,094 689 1,636 976 1,037 2.9 3.7 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.2 3.7 2.7 3.4 3.1 3.5 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 8. Quits levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… Rates July June July July June July 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 2,602 2,682 2,655 2.0 2.0 2.0 2,450 10 131 212 137 75 585 93 409 82 40 129 66 63 425 290 32 258 503 44 459 125 2,512 9 168 202 129 72 591 77 423 90 48 148 100 48 407 283 39 244 519 58 461 137 2,503 10 170 229 137 92 589 79 441 69 43 99 71 27 359 303 34 270 567 48 519 135 2.2 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.4 2.3 1.6 2.7 1.7 1.3 1.6 1.1 3.0 2.6 1.7 1.3 1.8 3.8 2.1 4.2 2.3 2.2 1.5 2.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.3 1.3 2.8 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.6 2.2 2.4 1.7 1.5 1.7 3.9 2.8 4.1 2.5 2.2 1.5 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.3 1.4 2.9 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.1 1.8 1.3 1.9 4.2 2.3 4.6 2.4 152 11 141 170 14 156 152 14 138 .7 .4 .8 .8 .5 .8 .7 .5 .8 376 1,097 560 569 382 1,028 583 689 400 1,065 551 640 1.5 2.4 1.8 2.0 1.5 2.1 1.8 2.3 1.6 2.2 1.8 2.2 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 9. Layoffs and discharges levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Rates Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… July June July July June July 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 1,473 1,648 1,380 1.1 1.2 1.0 1,367 4 161 145 94 51 326 54 208 64 13 32 23 9 283 106 23 83 238 46 192 59 1,529 2 182 129 73 56 302 34 182 86 16 34 23 11 395 150 32 117 275 51 224 44 1,274 3 143 124 82 42 302 45 207 50 22 41 27 15 348 107 22 85 139 19 120 45 1.2 .7 2.2 1.0 1.0 .9 1.3 .9 1.4 1.3 .4 .4 .4 .4 1.7 .6 .9 .6 1.8 2.2 1.7 1.1 1.4 .4 2.4 .9 .8 1.0 1.2 .6 1.2 1.7 .5 .4 .4 .5 2.3 .9 1.2 .8 2.1 2.5 2.0 .8 1.1 .4 1.9 .9 .9 .8 1.2 .8 1.4 1.0 .7 .5 .4 .7 2.0 .6 .9 .6 1.0 .9 1.1 .8 106 5 101 119 10 108 106 9 96 .5 .2 .6 .5 .4 .6 .5 .3 .5 285 518 323 347 386 559 374 329 240 460 343 338 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 .9 1.0 1.1 1.2 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. 2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1. Table 10. Other separations levels1 and rates2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted Levels (in thousands) Rates Industry and region Total………………………………………………………… July June July July June July 2004 2005 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 346 344 303 .3 .3 .2 277 1 12 27 19 8 76 8 49 19 3 21 15 6 65 22 2 20 22 3 18 28 250 3 15 24 17 7 66 8 41 18 7 10 10 1 46 35 4 31 29 1 28 14 236 1 7 34 22 12 63 7 43 12 11 20 18 2 42 32 5 27 20 2 18 7 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .3 .1 .3 .4 .1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .5 .2 .5 .2 .2 .2 .1 .3 .1 .3 .4 .2 .1 .2 (³) .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 .2 .1 .3 .2 .3 .2 .3 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 69 14 55 94 14 81 67 10 56 .3 .5 .3 .4 .5 .4 .3 .4 .3 76 116 71 83 85 120 63 76 50 112 83 58 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 INDUSTRY Total private……………………………………………… Natural resources and mining……………………… Construction…………………………………………… Manufacturing………………………………………… Durable goods...…………………………………… Nondurable goods...……………………………… Trade, transportation, and utilities………………… Wholesale trade…………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………… Transportation, warehousing, and utilities……… Information…………………………………………… Financial activities……..……………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………… Professional and business services………………… Education and health services……………………… Educational services……………………………… Health care and social assistance……………… Leisure and hospitality………………...…………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………… Accommodations and food services…………… Other services………………………………………… Government……………………………………………… Federal………………………………………………… State and local…………….………………………… REGION Northeast……………………………………………… South…………………………………………………… Midwest………………………………………………… West…………………………………………………… 1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. 2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 Data round to zero. P = preliminary. NOTE: See NOTE, table 1.