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U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R L. B. Schwellenbach, Secretary BU REA U OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner + W ork Injuries in the United States During 1945 Bulletin T^o. 889 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 10 cents Letter of Transmittal U nited States D epartment op Labor, B ureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C., September 28, 1946. T he Secretaky of Labor: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report on work injuries in the United States during 1945. This information is based on reports from over 51,000 establishments. This bulletin, a portion of which appeared in the September 1946 Monthly Labor Review, W£s prepared by Max D. Kossoris, chief of the Bureau’s Division of Industrial Hazards. E wan Clague, Commissioner. Hon. L. B . SCHWELLENBACH, Secretary of Labor. Contents Page Summary_____ ______ Estimates of disabling work injuries__________________________________ Injury-frequency rates: Manufacturing_________________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing______________________________________________ Appendix tables_____________________________________________________ (i) 1 2 4 6 7 CHART I DISABLING WORK INJURIES IN THE UNITED STATES 1939-1945 ESTIMATED MILLIONS___________________________ MILLIONS ” NUMBER OF INJURIES 12.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 (II) 2.0 1.0 1.0 — .5 .5 — 1939 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OP LASOR BUREAU OP LABOR STATISTIOS 1940 1941 1942 TEMPORARY-TOTAL DISABILITIES 1943 1944 PERMANENT IMPAIRMENTS 1945 FATALITIES Bulletin 7S[o. 889 of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics Preprinted from the M onthly L abor R eview , September 1946, with additional data] Work Injuries in the United States During 1945 Summary More than 2 million work injuries occurred during 1945. This figure is about 9% percent below that for 1944 and marks the lowest point since 1940. The total actual time loss caused by disabling work injuries during 1945, is estimated at about 45,600,000 man-days, or the equivalent of full-time employment for about 152,000 workers for 1 year. This figure makes no allowance for the future economic losses occasioned by deaths and permanent impairments. If standard time charges are allowed for these types of work injuries, the total economic loss caused by work injuries during 1945 comes to 231,264,000 days, or the full-time annual employment of about 771,000 workers. The number of work fatalities during 1945 remained essentially unchanged from the 1944 level. The estimate is 16,000. Another 1,800 workers were estimated to have been permanently and totally disabled for industrial employment. About 88,100 workers suffered lesser permanent impairments which will not disable them from con tinuing in industrial employment, but many of which may require retraining or changes in jobs. Fully 75 percent of these impairments involved a hand or fingers. Most of the work injuries, nearly 1,914,000, resulted in temporary total disabilities. The duration of such disabilities in manufacturing averaged 19 days. Although the over-all number of work injuries in manufacturing decreased substantially from the 1944 level, the incidence of such injuries, as measured by the frequency rate, remained almost un changed. Against an average of 18.4 disabling injuries per million employee-hours in 1944, the 1945 average was 18.6. Nevertheless, in most manufacturing industries frequency rates were below the 1944 levels. Out of 118 industries for which compa rable data were available, only 17 showed increases of more than 1 point in the frequency rate. In 70 others the trend was downward, and in the remainder the change was insignificant. Of 43 nonmanu- (1) 2 facturing industries, 12 showed increases, 7 decreases, and 22 others indicated little change. Industries outstanding for their high frequency rates were logging, stevedoring, sawmills, iron foundries, veneer and plywood mills, breweries, structural clay products, wooden containers, trucking and hauling, warehousing and storage, and highway and building con struction. Estimates of Disabling Work Injuries Continuing the downward trend from the peak wartime level of 1943, the total of 1945 injuries was lower than that for 1944. The reduction from the 1944 figure of 2,230,400 to the 1945 total of 2,019,800 amounts to about 9 % percent. The 1945 figure is lower than that for any year since 1940, but is still slightly above the total for that prewar year. Much of the reduction during 1945 was due to the shift away from war work, a general shortening of the workweek, plant shut-downs for the purpose of reconversion or because of strikes, and a shift to a more normal type of work force. There is evidence, however, that many establishments are giving up entirely or are curtailing the safety work initiated during the war. Estimated Number of Disabling Injuries During 1945, by Industry Group [Difference between total number of injuries and injuries to employees represents injuries to self-employed workersl AH disabilities In d u stry group Total To em ployees Fatalities Permanent Permanent Temporary total total dis partial dis disabilities abilities abilities To To To To em To em To em tal ploy tal ploy tal ploy ees ees ees Total To em ployees All groups.— ........................ 2,019,800 1,600,900 16,000 11,300 1,800 1,500 88,100 70,100 1,913,900 1,518,000 Agriculture1.......................... 305,600 Mining and quarrying2........ 82,100 Construction 3__................... 112,200 M anufacturing4.................... 591,600 Public utilities....................... 20,300 T ra d e 3.................................... 296,000 94,100 Railroads •.............................. Miscellaneous transporta tion 3.................................... 139,900 Services, government, and miscellaneous industries 3_ 378,000 71,600 77,600 72,700 581,600 20,300 236,800 94,100 4,500 1,500 1,700 2,700 400 800 1,100 1,100 1,400 1,200 2,600 400 600 1,100 400 100 15,300 3,500 200 200 3,600 3,400 100 100 3,400 2,200 300 300 30,700 30,200 600 600 («) (5 ) 100 100 7,100 5,700 400 400 6,500 6,500 120,100 1,000 800 100 100 4,200 3,600 134,600 115,600 326,100 2,300 2,100 200 200 16,700 14,400 358,800 309,400 285,400 66,900 76,800 72,600 107,000 69,200 557,900 548,500 19,300 19,300 288,000 230,400 86,100 86,100 1 Based on fragmentary data. 3 Based largely on Bureau of Mines data. 3 Based on small sample studies. * Based on comprehensive survey. 3 Less than 50. *Based on Interstate Commerce Commission data. The estimated total of 16,000 fatalities resulting from work injuries is only 100 above that for 1944 (15,900). There is a similar difference MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES EXPERIENCING MORE THAN 20.000 INDUSTRIAL INJURIES IN 1945 4 in the number of permanent total disabilities, estimated at 1,800 in 1945. But both permanent partial and temporary total disabilities are down considerably from the corresponding 1944 levels. The 1945 total of 88,100 p^m anent partial disabilities is about 7 percent below 1944, and the number of 1,913,000 temporary total disabilities is about 10 percent lower. The major industry group with the greatest number of disabling work injuries during 1945 was manufacturing. The total of 591,600, however, was about 25 percent below the 1944 level of 786,900. In 1945, 2,700 manufacturing injuries resulted fatally, 31,000 were per manent impairments (of which 300 were permanent total disabilities), and the remainder, 557,900, were temporary total disabilities. As in past years, the available but very meager information for agriculture indicates that this industry suffered the largest number of fatalities, 4,500. The estimated injury total of 305,600, although substantially below that for manufacturing, nevertheless exceeds thiat for any other major industrial group except the one including miscel laneous industries, government, and services. The injury experience in mining and quarrying during 1945 was considerably better than in 1944. The total of 82,100 was nearly 11 percent lower than the 1944 total. The number of fatalities simi larly declined from about 1,700 in 1944 to about 1,500 in 1945. In the large group of services, government, and miscellaneous indus tries, the injury total dropped appreciably from 419,300 in 1944 to 378,000 in 1945. On the other hand, a small increase was found for railroads, while construction disabilities increased from 99,600 to 112,200, of which 1,700 were fatalities. In the trade group, the total rose from 273,800 to 296,000, and the public utilities group had an increase of 1,000 over its 1944 total of 19,300. The miscellaneous transportation group also registered a small increase, from 135,100 to 139,900. Injury-Frequency Rates MANUFACTURING Although the largest number of manufacturing industries experi enced decreases in their injury-frequency rates, the frequency rate for the entire group went up slightly, from 18.4 in 1944 to 18.6 in 1945. Out of 118 identical manufacturing industries covered in the surveys of both years, 70 had decreases of 1 or more frequency points, and only 17 had increases. In 31 others the change was negligible. For the entire group, nearly 36,000 establishments with more than 9 million workers reported their injury experiences to the Bureau. Of the total of more than 350,000 reported injuries, 0.5 percent ended fatally or in permanent total disability, 5.2 percent resulted in perma- -If—o&WZZl 6 nent partial impairments, and the greatest proportion, 94.3 percent, in temporary total disability. The average time charge per perma nent partial impairment was 968 days, and the average duration of temporary total disabilities was 19 days. Both of these averages are above the 1944 figures. Particularly significant is the increase in the average duration of temporary total disability, from 17 to 19 days. As in past years, the logging industry led all other manufacturing industries with a rate of 92.0—an appreciable increase over the 1944 rate of 85.4. Second, but still far ahead of other manufacturing in dustries, were sawmills, with a rate of 56.6—only slightly worse than the 1944 rate of 55.6. Iron foundries had a rate of 44.8, and veneer mills, of 44.6; rates for each of these industries were computed for the first time in this survey. The rate for breweries declined from 46.2 to 43.5, but still ranked sixth highest among manufacturing industries. The average number of disabling injuries per million employee-hours worked declined sharply in the wooden container industry, from 47.1 to 41.1, but still remained one of the highest in the group. The explosives industry, usually regarded as extremely hazardous, had the lowest frequency rate among manufacturing industries in 1945—3.6. When accidents did occur, however, they were very serious—7.4 percent resulted in death or permanent total disability, and 12.0 percent in permanent partial impairments. The average duration of temporary total disabilities was 49 days. Similarly low frequency rates were found for the millinery industry (4.0), bookbinding (4.2), the manufacture of women's and children's clothes (4.6), and electric light bulbs (5.1). NONMANUFACTURING Stevedoring operations outranked every other industry in this group with a frequency rate of 87.6, only slightly below the 1944 rate of 88.1. It is very likely, however, that both of these rates fall con siderably short of the true frequency rate for this industry. Trucking and hauling, with less than half the stevedoring rate, ranked second highest in this group with a rate of 37.5, a slight im provement over the 1944 rate of 38.3. A slight rate decrease was ex perienced also by highway construction, from 36 0 to 35.8. A more sizable decrease in rate was found for the warehousing and storage industry, from 37.5 to 34.3. The 1945 rate for building construction, 30.9, was almost the same as the 1944 rate, 30.6. Each of the five industries with the lowest frequency rates in non manufacturing had a rate less than the lowest rate experienced by any of the manufacturing industries. Thus, the rate for radio 7 broadcasting was 1.7; apparel retailing, 2.2; insurance 2.8; and for banks and telephone, 3.0, respectively. Whereas most of the manufacturing industries registered fre quency-rate decreases, the trend among nonmanufacturing industries was more evenly divided. Out of 43 identical classifications, 12 had higher rates in 1945 than in 1944, 7 had lower rates, and 22 showed little difference. Appendix Tables Injury-frequency rates for a large number of individual industries in both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing are shown in table A. Group frequency rates were arrived at by weighting .individual industry rates according to the total employment in each. A considerable number of new industries are shown for the 1945 survey. As the reporting group for a given industry becomes suffi ciently large, the industry is taken out of the miscellaneous group. Thus, the single industry “electrical equipment and supplies” in the 1944 survey is shown as seven separate industries in the 1945 survey. The number of industries shown in table A is the largest ever covered in any of these surveys. Other tables continue for 1945 the type of data shown in earlier years: changes in employment, exposure, and injuries; total injury estimates for individual industries; the distribution of permanent impairments according to body parts affected; and the trend data for the chart shown on page 5. T a b l e A. —Injury Rates and Injuries, by Extent of Disability, 1945 [All reporting establishments] Industry All industries- ........................... .................................. Num ber of estab lishments Number of em ployees Percent of disabling injuries result Average days lost per disability 1 ing in Employee- Number hours of dis worked abling D eath and Permanent Temporary Permanent Temporary (thous injuries permanent total dis partial dis total dis partial ands) total dis disability ability ability ability ability 3 10,619,853 23,411,578 51,377 ======== =========== Injury rates2 Fre quency Sever ity 1 403,050 Manufacturing 19 < 18.6 <1.6 13~ 11 11 19 11 <11.5 8.4 4.6 4.0 6.3 <0.8 .4 .2 .1 .2 Total m anufacturing................................................... 35,764 9,103,747 20,101,787 352,457 0.5 5.2 94.3 968 Apparel and other finished textile products______ 1,772 702 681 48 42 201,939 105,049 51,121 1,989 6,486 397,404 206,317 95,546 3,963 13,518 3,641 1,741 441 16 85 .2 2.9 1.8 3.4 96.9 98.2 96.6 (8 ) (8 ) 1,616 2,488 1,279 299 37,294 78,058 1,358 .4 4.1 95.5 1,426 16 17.4 1.4 Chemicals and allied products_________________ C om pressed and liquefied gases Drugs, toiletries, and insecticides...... ................ Explosives___ ___________________________ Fertilizers-----------------------------------------------Industrial chemicals_______________________ Paints, varnishes, and colors-----------------------Paving and roofing m aterials----------------------- 2,158 52 318 104 288 435 389 14 94.2 1,208 19 5 21 49 16 17 14 29 32 143 9 31 29 214 11,471 17,942 1,935 52,365 3,005 29,511 8 16 28 22 12 27 <13.5 17.7 14.9 3.6 33.5 16.0 17.6 14.4 11.1 9.5 11.6 6.6 8.9 23.4 15.2 <1.8 Plastic materials, except rubber_____________ 15,065 92 1,751 540 1,240 3,763 1,323 105 3.327 251 464 30 995 163 1,021 4.7 P etroleum refining 7 1,182,678 5,205 117,369 148,602 37,022 234,895 75,208 7,291 300.325 26,315 39,922 4,544 112,009 6,974 66,990 1.1 100 397,725 2,553 53, 447 70,294 16,973 102,350 32,770 3,109 .6 2.1 3.7 2.3 1.0 1.9 (8 ) 6.5 1.1 .2 1.3 3.8 2. 5 1,328 41 49 758,439 27,359 24,851 1,636,200 61,367 48,285 14,797 838 1,055 62 57 633 93,976 5,952 366,022 209,379 12,595 789,509 1,341 193 7,389 C loth in g, m en ’s and b o y s’ C loth in g, w om en ’s and eh ildren ’s M illin ery Apparel and accessories, not elsewhere classified Trimmings and fabricated textile products, not elsewhere classified............................. ............... Soap and glycerin Synthetic r u b b e r ...... ............... .................... ...... Synthetic textile fibers _______ ____ Vegetable and animal oils......................... .......... N ot elsewhere classified.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies----A utom otive electrical eq u ip m en t Batteries . ________________________ Communication and signaling equipment, excep t radio Electrical appliances............................................. Electrical equipment for industrial use.............. (») («) (*) (5) (*) (8) .2 7.4 (8) .9 .9 .4 (8 ) 1.2 2.8 12.0 2.3 5.4 1.7 (8) 92.8 94.9 91.7 913 711 1,068 17 14 17 <9.2 13.7 21.8 <.9 .6 2.5 95.5 664 570 844 12 19 18 6.4 15.3 9. 4 .4 2.4 1.0 4.6 (8 ) .2 5.6 4.5 .2 (® ) 7.0 5.1 8.3 (8 ) (8) (8) 581 760 1,828 1,231 992 1,600 5.6 (8 ) 10.8 (8 ) .3 97.0 80.6 96.8 93.7 97.9 94.2 (8) J 94.4 (8 ) 94.4 (8 ) 88.9 (5 ) (8 ) (8) 600 (8) 8.0 (8) 91.8 1,394 914 300 1,310 2,440 1,087 («) Electrical lamps (bulbs)....................................... Insulated wire and cable...................................... Radios and phonographs— ................................. N ot elsewhere classified........................................ 29 49 360 48 12,031 19,419 188,583 20,246 24,916 42,062 407,528 40,554 Food products............................................................... Baking..................................................................... Beverages, not elsewhere classified-................... Breweries-............................................................... Canning and preserving....................................... Confectionery..................................................... . Dairy products...................................................... Distilleries.............................................................. Flour, feed, and grain-mill products_________ Slaughtering and meat packing.......................... Sugar refining_ ____ _____________________ _ N ot elsewhere classified______ ____ _____ ___ 3,851 599 251 295 366 211 287 111 519 915 95 202 495,857 54,666 7,274 55,808 61,918 38,899 18,003 26,581 45, 634 136,146 25,087 25,841 1,090,147 127,809 15,814 125,628 111,329 80,598 42,109 56,272 111, 759 313,408 52,181 53,232 Furniture and finished lumber products_________ Furniture, m etal....... ................... ....................... Furniture, except metal..... .................................. Mattresses and bedsprings______ ___________ Morticians' supplies............................................ Office, store, and restaurant fixtures................ . Wooden co n tain ers............................................. N ot elsewhere classified........................................ 2,579 55 794 218 34 100 974 404 176,600 11,100 64,552 10,210 2,102 6,750 54,503 27,383 378,985 25,508 139,627 20,738 4,706 12,913 115,165 60,326 Ron and steel and their products.................. ........... Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets_____________ Cold-finished steel________________________ Cutlery and edge tools_____________________ Fabricated structural steel.................................. Forgings, iron and steel_________ __________ Foundries, iron________ ________ __________ Foundries, steel____________ ______________ Hardware_________ _______ _______ ______ Heating equipment, not elsewhere classified... Iron and steel__________ ______ ___________ M etal coating and engraving___ ___________ Ornamental metalwork. _.................................... Plate fabrication and boiler-shop products....... Plumbers' supplies_________ ______________ Screw-machine products...................................... Sheet-metal work..................................... ............ Stamped and pressed metal products, not else where classified................................................. Steam fittings and apparatus.............................. Steel barrels, kegs, drums, and packages........... Steel springs........................................................... T in cans and other tinware.................................. Tools except edge tools.......... !.......................... 5,043 89 35 133 567 213 854 147 152 229 ,253 148 79 258 91 181 120 1,407,540 17,822 9,524 20,201 47,455 60,221 124,971 67,146 33,831 32,642 580,149 11,494 4,554 33,597 25,583 28,983 10,326 3,046,670 39,493 21,554 45,070 100,084 127,668 276,186 142,484 68,271 71,455 1,236,298 23,000 9,706 75,998 59,609 66,342 25,093 431 190 53 27 130 198 80,588 38,835 9,539 8,707 43,310 26,652 172,620 85,205 21,807 20,297 95,500 61,592 See footnotes at end of table. 126 757 2,764 334 (•) (fi) 30,978 2,375 362. 5,464 3,027 1,459 1,394 962 3,084 10,164 1,582 1,105 12,062 542 3,841 576 88 340 4,736 1,939 62,044 855 484 1,174 2,763 4,148 12,370 5,112 1,134 2,418 10,766 722 254 2,495 978 1,027 642 3,827 1,949 691 354 1,654 1,403 .5 .3 • (8) 3.2 5.9 09 09 .4 .1 .6 .3 .2 .2 ( #) .4 .4 4 24.3 18.6 22.9 43.5 27.2 18.1 33.1 17.1 27.6 32.4 30.3 20.8 <1.9 1.3 1.5 7.3 1.1 .6 1.4 2.9 1.8 1.8 3.1 1.5 6.1 7.4 7.9 3.5 (6 ) 6.5 3.3 4.6 93.7 92.6 92.0 96.3 (*) 93.5 96.3 95.0 783 564 783 1,167 750 423 596 1,160 15 15 14 9 18 20 17 14 4 29.7 21.2 27.5 27.8 18.7 26.3 41.1 32.1 4 2.3 1.2 2.1 1.8 1.0 1.2 3.1 2.8 5.4 4.4 9.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 2.0 1.4 7.1 3.4 8.1 2.8 94.0 95.6 89.1 95.5 95.1 95.4 97.6 98.0 92.9 96.2 90.1 97.2 98.3 95.6 88.4 91.7 802 493 742 905 665 604 925 823 473 1,175 886 750 643 750 655 1,060 600 22 17 21 16 23 21 16 18 12 13 43 20 13 14 16 14 18 4 21.6 21.6 22.5 26.0 27.6 32.5 44.8 35.9 16.6 33.8 8.7 31.4 26.2 32.8 16.4 15.5 25.6 4 1.8 .7 4.4 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.6 2.5 .8 2.7 1.8 1.4 2.4 1.1 1.2 2.2 1.7 89.7 97.5 (*) («) 91.4 93.7 631 597 394 1,144 581 538 14 15 18 22 14 12 22.2 22.9 31.7 17.4 17.3 22.8 1.9 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 (*) 1.5 4.2 11.6 8.3 .2 .1 («) .5 1.5 .7 1.2 14 14 13 13 17 15 15 22 14 13 16 14 .4 1.8 09 5.1 18.0 6.8 8.2 1,268 1,164 1,750 1,487 672 697 480 1,542 1,152 624 1,484 1,311 .6 .2 .2 31 19 16 12 95.2 95.5 98.3 90.5 98.1 97.4 98.8 95.2 97.3 96.3 96.6 98.1 1.6 .2 .6 .4 .4 .6 09 300 625 1,418 300 4.4 4.4 1.1 9.2 1.7 2.6 .7 4.0 2.3 3.4 2.6 1.4 .5 .8 .4 .3 .8 .5 .1 .2 (•) 96.3 93.8 10.1 2.4 09 09 8.6 6.3 (5) T a b l e A.— Injury Rates and Injuries, by Extent of Disability, 1945— C o n tin u e d [All reporting establishments] Industry Number of estab lishments Number of em ployees Percent of disabling injuries result Average days lost per disability 1 ing in Employee- Number hours of dis worked abling Death and Temporary Permanent Temporary (thous injuries permanent Permanent total dis partial dis total dis partial ands) total dis disability ability ability ability ability 3 Injury ra te s2 Fre quency Sever ity 1 Manufacturing—C ontinued Iron and steel and their products—Continued Vitreous-enameled products________________ Wire and wire products __________________ . Wrought pipes, welded and heavy-riveted____ N ot elsewhere classified........................................ 13 212 16 224 1,542 46,613 5,467 37,788 3,011 100,499 11,470 86,345 60 2,317 225 2,222 4. 9 .4 2.2 1.4 95.9 97.6 95.6 92.5 94.6 (5 ) 95.1 92.9 1,067 1,612 914 967 982 1,164 1,083 613 18 21 16 20 19 21 15 15 4 57.9 92.0 56.6 52.6 36.9 40.9 44.6 35.1 <6.0 8.8 5.6 6.1 2.6 6.6 4.2 4.8 4.6 95.1 94.6 97.2 91.3 97.1 (s) 91.0 (5 ) 95.0 739 773 641 766 990 525 661 500 531 17 13 14 18 17 9 19 12 15 4 18.6 23.5 15.8 15.3 25.9 15.1 12.4 19.6 20.8 41.1 1.8 .4 1.4 1.7 •2 1.0 2.7 1.1 4.4 6.7 95.2 93.1 693 705 21 16 18.1 18.1 .9 1.2 4.2 95.8 382 18 11.5 .5 .5 1.0 .4 4.5 .8 .3 5.4 2.8 7.9 2.6 (5 > o 8.8 5,126 2,890 1,980 256 Lum ber and timber basic products_____________ 2,353 286 613 109 922 70 67 286 125,175 15,256 43,257 11,179 23,124 12,006 5.706 14,647 244,020 30,084 77,430 21,095 50,226 22,163 12,919 30,100 12,654 2,769 4,383 1,109 1,854 907 576 1,056 .8 .9 .8 .5 .4 3,944 211 46 173 294 47 90 15 139 1 926 799 95,’ 241 29,209 65,628 85,084 16,308 119,671 1,549 16,978 207)817 62,217 144,513 189,483 29,127 262,439 3,324 39,544 4)883 983 2,210 4,908 441 3,247 65 • 823 691 476 213,560 51,829 460,437 118,170 8,315 2,134 90 30,102 63,786 731 4 13.8 10.8 28.4 13.5 3.3 1.5 3.6 7.0 5.0 <5 , , ) 4.4 6.1 356,124 267,437 69,792 18,895 Commercial and household machinery............ Construction and mining machinery------------Elevators, escalators, and conveyors-------------Engines and turbines______________________ Fabricated pipe and fittings................................. Food-products machinery---------------------------General industrial machinery, not elsewhere classified------------- ----------- ---------------------General machine shops (jobbing and repair). Mechanical measuring and controlling instru m ents.......................................... ................ ....... 16 12 19 13 95.8 94.3 97.2 91.8 161,815 121,231 31,381 9,203 ■Rftarings, ball and roller 1,051 774 1,457 889 3.9 5.7 2.4 7.8 0.2 686 427 154 105 Machinery, except electric----------- --------------------Agricultural mftbhinAry and fcr»f»fcnrs 1* 2 2.8 .3 2.0 6.1 00 Leather and leather products............_............. .......... Boots and shoes, not rubber _ ___________ Leather_____ _____________ _____________ Not elsewhere classified____________ ____ ___ Sawmills_________________________________ Sawmills and planing mills combined-----------Planing mills_________________ ___________ Plywood mills............... ......................................... Veneer mills______ _______________________ Millwork (structural)--------------------------------- 19.9 23.1 19.6 25.7 950 1,264 (5 ) (8 ) .3 Tifwgina f 951 12 16 24 14 (5 ) 89.4 («) 93.7 00 .4 .4 00 40 089 (5 ) 00 .2 .4 .4 .2 00 10.6 Mechanical power transmission equipment, ex cept ball and roller bearings............................. Metalworking machinery. .................................. Pum ps and compressors..................................... Special industry machinery, not elsewhere classified............................................................. Textile machinery.............................................. 99 972 131 29,287 179,058 26,500 346 124 44,590 22,205 Nonferrous metals and their p ro d u cts................. . Aluminum and magnesium products................. Foundries, nonferrous............... ......................... Prim ary smelting and refining 7........................ Nonferrous basic shapes and forms.................... Watches, clocks, jewelry, and silverware.......... N ot elsewhere classified......... ............................ 874 30 411 87 36 60 260 152,171 13,247 41,861 27,623 29.684 13,944 25,812 Ordnance and accessories_____________________ Ammunition, except for small arms.............. . Guns and related equipm ent............................. Sighting and fire-control equipm ent............... . Small arm s.................................... ....................... Small-arms am m unition................................... Tanks, m ilitary................... ............................. T ank components, m ilitary............................... . N ot elsewhere classified...................................... . 921 467 131 49 86 26 23 76 63 489,032 211,004 91,090 43,101 54,233 18,459 25,140 22,018 23,987 Paper and allied products.......................................... Envelopes.............................. ........... .............. . Paper boxes and containers.............................. . Paper............................... ...... ................................ Paper and pulp, integrated.............................. . P u lp.......................... ............. ............................... N ot elsewhere classified....................................... 1,392 74 602 348 140 30 198 267,275 7,343 57,195 77,362 84.684 7,559 33,132 Printing and publishing.................. ..................... . Book and job printing............................... ......... Bookbinding___ ____________ _____________ News and periodical............................................. 2,354 1,531 32 791 166,761 77,280 1,937 87,544 Rubber products......................................................... Rubber boots and shoes....................................... Rubber tires and tubes..............................„........ N ot elsewhere classified....................................... 271 28 46 197 205,147 23,839 109,804 71,504 Stone, clay, and glass products.................................. Structural clay products...................................... C em ent7............................................................... Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products........... C ut stone and cut-stone products...................... Glass...................................................................... Pottery and related products.............................. N ot elsewhere classified....... ................................ 1,344 419 157 159 99 218 137 155 208,806 29,454 19,016 7,191 2,178 92,928 25,041 32,998 See footnotes at end of table. 1,339 6,569 1,126 (5 ) 17,185 9,425 2,146 835 1,488 375 724 1,186 1,006 14,422 184 2,657 5,068 4,476 558 1,479 2,807 1,404 17 1,386 6,596 644 3,150 2,802 8,874 2,509 455 443 128 3,012 974 1,353 95.4 98.4 450 765 525 11 15 21 19.8 15.8 17.5 2.5 1.3 .5 5.0 1.9 94.9 97.6 1,075 638 14 17 20.5 14.1, 1.4 1.1 7.3 875 1,031 638 (9 1,075 300 706 20 24 12 09 6.4 (9 6.6 92.5 (») 96.5 09 93.1 09 93.4 7.5 6.3 12.2 92.2 93.4 87.8 09 .1 .5 2,177 731 7,968 507 2,480 1,944 1,337 268 1, 432 .9 .2 (9 (8 ) .5 .5 (9 09 .3 .3 (9 (9 .6 .8 (9 (9 (9 (9 .2 .2 09 .1 .1 (9 .1 .3 .1 09 09 .8 .4 1.7 .6 9.7 2.3 3.5 47 16 15 <20.3 16.5 25.5 25.9 18.6 9.0 25.3 <2.6 5.5 1.3 (9 2.7 .2 1.5 (9 91.1 09 89.5 (9 97.7 679 670 766 500 700 356 454 623 970 21 17 23 37 41 13 34 21 14 <14.7 19.9 10.2 7.9 12.0 8.7 13.5 24.0 20.3 < 1.1 1.3 .8 .4 1.1 1.4 .9 1.5 .8 95.5 95. 1 92. 1 96.8 97.7 09 96.3 778 383 777 624 750 1,975 827 15 12 14 17 19 21 14 <23.5 11.7 22.6 28.6 23.6 29.4 21.0 <1.3 .4 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.9 1.1 94.7 93.7 1,086 1,102 390 1,128 18 21 6 16 <7.8 8.5 4.2 7.8 <.7 .8 .5 .5 4.0 1,046 1, 318 946 1,044 19 19 21 17 <15.6 12.5 13.5 18.2 <1.8 1.4 .9 2.8 17 15 <21.1 41.8 10.4 27.0 27.6 15.7 18.5 18.0 (9 09 2.4 13.0 2.8 1.6 (9 (9 3.8 3.8 2.6 4.1 95.9 92.5 7.3 .6 .5 (8 ) 8.3 (9 5.2 6.2 .2 (9 3.0 4.3 4.9 7.6 3.0 1.8 .3 .2 .5 (9 3.7 1.6 (9 97.3 86.9 96.6 97.9 09 95.4 (9 95.8 95.7 95.3 (9 1,043 893 (9 690 300 1,163 1,083 1,011 (9 21 11 19 15 17 <1.8 2.7 (9 2.2 .4 1.3 2.5 2.1 T a b l e A .— Injury Rates and Injuries, by Extent of Disability,1 9 4 5 — C o n tin u e d [All reporting establishments] Industry umber establinents Number of em ployees Percent of disabling injuries result Average days lost per disability1 ing i n 1 — Employee- Number hours of dis worked abling Death and Temporary Permanent Temporary (thous injuries permanent Permanent total dis partial dis total dis partial ands) total dis disability ability ability ability ability a Injury rates * Fre quency Sever ity 4 Manufacturing—Continued Textile and textile-mill products................ ........ — Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings........... Cordage and twine............................................Cotton yarn and textiles____ ____ _________ Dyeing and finishing textiles.............................. H ats, except cloth and millinery........... ............ K nit goods...................... .................................. . Rayon, and other synthetic and silk textiles... Woolen and worsted textiles....................... . N ot elsewhere classified.................................... 2,287 50 27 591 382 14 610 172 376 65 642,010 14,755 5,105 284,175 49,657 4,845 104,793 43,773 121,977 12,930 1,329,665 30,665 11,297 587,959 107,607 9,728 201,099 92,099 260,543 28,665 20,447 391 241 8,898 2,101 110 1,556 1,308 5,238 604 Transportation equipm ent.............. .............. ......... Aircraft.................................................................. Aircraft parts................................... ................ . Boatbuilding.................................................... . Motor vehicles----- --------------- -----------------Motor-vehicle parts............................................. Railroad equipm ent......................... ................... Shipbuilding.................. ...................................... N ot elsewhere classified....................... .............. 1,378 66 459 25 169 167 80 393 19 1,910,953 390,499 440,155 3,729 118,026 98,349 77,406 779,118 3,071 4,203,287 840,354 970,983 7,503 263,906 223,450 179,814 1,709,384 7, S89 69,955 7,919 10, 312 196 3, 439 4,485 3,610 39,859 Miscellaneous m anufacturing................ — .............. Brooms and brushes...... ..................................... Byproducts, coke ovens 7.................................... Bee-hive, coke ovens 7__..................................... Fabricated plastics products.............................. . Optical and ophthalmic goods. ......................... Photographic apparatus and m aterials............ Professional and scientific instrum ents and supplies............... ............... ............... ................ Tobacco products........... ................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ........................... 1,229 77 83 55 103 56 45 309,703 7,980 18,881 1,828 22,765 15,629 38,838 662,416 17,321 54,748 3,552 48,491 31,369 87,035 7,154 435 599 153 842 277 578 133 163 514 52,884 40,895 110,003 98,841 86,087 234,968 700 850 2,720 1 OK .1 .3 .2 .4 3,7 4.6 5.6 4.2 3.3 (B ) 1.5 3.1 3.0 7.6 96.0 94.9 94.4 95.6 96.3 (5 ) 98.4 96.6 96.8 92.0 1,001 1,239 963 966 1,293 300 729 1,545 1, 226 761 18 30 15 18 21 14 14 15 18 16 4 15.6 12.8 21.3 15.1 19.5 11.3 7.7 14.2 20.1 21.1 4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.8 .2 .2 1.3 1.5 2.2 .6 .4 .3 7.1 8.4 12.9 92.3 91.2 86.8 1,029 1,045 1,135 4 17.1 9.4 10.6 26.1 13.0 20.1 20.1 23.3 17.1 4 1.9 1.2 1.7 .2 .8 1.3 1.6 3.1 .5 4 .6 .9 13 6 10 4 11.6 25.1 10.9 43.1 17.4 8.8 6.6 16 13 19 7.1 9.9 11.6 0i.3 .5 .2 .4 (B > (B ) n\ .3 .2 .5 .9 (B ) (*) (8 ) (8 ) 6.6 .3 812 840 15 8 (8) ( 8) 93.1 (8 ) ( 8) 762 ( 6) ( 6) (B ) (6) (B ) 773 767 792 967 750 f») ( 8) .3 93.1 94.8 95.3 94.7 95.3 96.6 (B ) 4.6 3.4 .1 (8) 6.6 5.0 4.2 4.4 27 25 21 12 26 25 27 31 20 ( B) 7.1 5.2 4.1 92.9 94.8 95.6 655 811 880 (8 ) (8> ( 8) (8) „ 1.6 .1 .1 .4 .5 .7 Nonmanufacturing Construction 9_________ _____ __________ Building construction______________ Heavy engineering_________________ Highway construction______________ N ot elsewhere classified....................... . 1,585 1,156 131 221 74 83, 955 46,310 22, 396 12,872 2,294 164,643 86,250 50,931 22, 702 4,598 Com m unication9.......................................... Telephone (wire and radio)................... Radio broadcasting and television____ 531 105 426 384,752 371,140 13,612 762,797 735,589 27,207 T ransportation9................................ ......... — Stevedoring....................................... ...... Streetcar_______ ________ __________ Bus___ ___________ _______________ Streetcar and bus_____ ____ ________ Trucking and hauling__________ ____ Warehousing and storage________ ___ N ot elsewhere classified......................... 1,142 117 27 263 52 385 264 32 211,415 0 10,695 37,705 95,162 10,051 18,341 1,541 592,089 72,617 27,762 94,479 239,441 22,982 38,815 3,843 Heat, light, and pow er9______ _________ Electric light and power____________ Gas....... .................................. ................... 599 398 186 247,784 193,970 53,430 535,928 420,198 114,829 W aterw orks9................................................. . 125 8,609 18,331 Personal services____________ __________ D ry cleaning____ ______ ___________ Laundries________ ___________ ____ _ Laundry and dry cleaning___________ Amusements and related services____ Hotels________________________ . . . . Eating and drinking places__________ Medical and other professional services. Miscellaneous personal services______ 3,088 576 586 399 220 299 638 195 175 142,315 16,879 31,462 35,587 8,731 29,107 10,646 7,692 2,211 313,904 37,069 69,847 80,314 16,246 66,989 22,578 16,469 4,388 Business services____ __________________ Banks and other financial agencies----Insurance___ ____ _________________ Real estate________________________ Miscellaneous business service_______ Automobile repair shops and garages. Miscellaneous repair services________ Airplane modification centers________ 2,319 761 386 277 293 343 256 3 135,557 41,436 68,054 4,794 10,492 3,926 4,085 2,770 278,059 82,739 140,375 10,015 22,772 9,161 9,246 3,749 Educational services_________ _____ _____ 231 101,724 166,890 Fire departm ents........................................... 205 24,360 85,347 Police departm ents____________________ 151 23,187 55,699 See footnotes a t end of table. 5,072 2, 667 1,430 812 156 2,241 2,195 46 21,597 6,361 739 2,151 6,298 862 1,330 96 (5 ) 1,546 1,588 1,104 2,289 975 17 17 18 14 18 30.8 30.9 28.1 35.8 33.9 .2 .1 99.6 99.7 (8) 1,500 1,900 300 14 14 16 2.9 3.0 1.7 4.9 7.5 1.1 2.5 1.2 .8 2.5 94.7 92.1 98.4 96.9 98.3 98.4 97.0 (8 ) 1,422 1,614 1,013 1.306 1,468 757 1,220 1,686 16 22 14 12 16 15 15 17 36.5 87.6 26.6 22.8 26.3 37.5 34.3 25.0 4.2 14.6 1.5 1.8 1.7 2.6 2.6 3.5 2.1 1.9 2.8 96.2 96.1 96.5 1,589 1,595 1,579 17 17 16 14.0 13.0 17.7 2.1 2.2 1.8 (8 ) .4 .4 .5 .6 .5 .8 .5 (8 ) 7,514 5,471 2,029 95.7 96.8 93.1 96.5 <) 8 (5 ) .2 .2 (8 ) 4.9 3.2 8.1 4.4 4.9 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.8 1.7 .8 4.0 .7 (8 ) 1.7 2.0 .7 .1 .1 («) 407 .2 1.2 98.6 1,230 16 22.2 1.0 2,601 216 569 515 218 790 199 75 19 .4 2.1 1.9 3.5 2.7 1.4 1.3 1.0 97.5 98.1 96.1 96.7 98.1 98.3 99.0 (8 ) (8 ) 1,373 638 1,220 1,768 1,633 1,720 300 550 14 13 17 15 14 13 15 8 16 8.3 5.8 8.1 6.4 13.4 11.8 8.8 4.6 4.3 .6 .1 .7 .6 .9 .7 .2 .5 1.4 2.3 1.2 1.3 97.3 98.4 98.4 (8 ) 97.3 (8 ) 95.4 (8 ) 1,402 2,383 1,960 300 950 1,150 1,032 2,433 15 13 19 21 11 11 15 9 5.1 3.0 2.8 6.9 11.5 13.6 28.0 18.5 .3 .2 .2 .8 .4 .4 2.3 3.7 1,409 251 393 69 261 125 259 51 .4 .6 .5 .4 (5 ) (8 ) (6 ) (8 ) .4 .4 .3 (8 ) (8 ) (5 ) (8 ) .4 (5 ) 2.7 4.2 (8 ) 1,338 .2 2.9 96.9 1,401 14 8.0 .5 2,262 .9 .8 98.3 1,971 16 26.5 2.2 1,418 .6 .9 98.5 2,023 21 25.5 2.0 T a b l e A . — Injury Rates and Injuries, by Extent of Disability, 1945— C o n tin u e d {AH reporting establishments] Industry Nonmanufacturing—Continued Trade •............................................................................ Wholesale distributors........................................... Retail, general merchandise................................. Retail food............................................................. Wholesale and retail dairy products.................. RetaO automobUes.......................... ..................... Filling s ta tio n s ..................................................... Retail apparel and accessories....... ............. ........ Miscellaneous retail stores_____________ ____ Wholesale and retail trade combined... ............. Number of estab lishments 5,631 1,591 318 703 281 394 200 477 1,413 254 Number of em ployees 152,235 44,217 27,965 23,569 10,955 6,161 1,232 9, 711 21,939 5,786 Percent of disabling injuries result Average days lost per Injury rates1 3 2 disability1 ing i n i— Employee- Number hours of dis worked abling Death and (thous Permanent Fre injuries permanent Permanent Temporary partial dis- Temporary total dis quency Sever total dis ands) partial ity * total dis- disability ability abUity ability abHity 3 335,652 95,194 59,120 53,878 27,662 14,525 4,470 20,074 47, 918 12,808 4,722 1,602 358 837 593 198 26 45 773 290 0.5 .4 («) (*) .2 .3 1.5 .5 2.1 («) (® ) 1.8 1.7 .6 1.9 1.2 3.0 2.1 2.4 97.7 97.9 99.4 97.9 98.5 95.5 («) (») 97.4 95.5 1,073 1,020 1,275 875 936 700 300 1,141 2,200 13 12 15 11 13 16 17 18 17 14 4 13.9 16.8 6.1 15.5 24.4 13.6 5.8 2.2 16. 1 22.6 4 1.0 .9 ,1 .6 .9 1.7 1.6 (•) 1.1 4.3 1 Based on reports which furnished details regarding the resulting disabUities, constituting approximately 60 percent of the total sample. 2 The frequency rate is the average number of disabling injuries for each million employee-hours worked. The severity rate is the average number of days lost for each thousand employee-hours worked. The standard time-loss ratings for fatalities and permanent disabilities are given in M ethod of Compiling Industrial Injury Rates, approved by the American Standard Association 1945. 3 Each death or permanent total disability is charged with the time loss of 6,000 days in the computation of severity rates. • Weighted according to estimates of total current employment in each industry. • DisabiUty distribution and average time charges not given because of small number of injuries for which details were reported. • Less than 0.06. i Preliminary data compiled by the Bureau of Mines, U. S. Department of Interior. • N ot avaUable. • Prim arily reported by company instead of by establishment. 15 T a b le B . — Changes in Exposure, Disabling Injuries, and Injury Rates for 30,209 Identical Establishments, 1944 to 1945 Industry Percent of change in— Num ber of Em estab Fre Sever Dis Em ployee- abling Total lish ity ments ployees hours injuries time quency rate rate lost worked Manufacturing Total, manufacturing........................................ 17,809 -14 -1 9 -2 2 “9 1 -7 147 Apparel and other finished textile products... Clothing, men’s and boys’. . ..................... Clothing, women’s and children’s ,........... Apparel and accessories, not elsewhere classified................................................... Trimmings and fabricated textile prod ucts, not elsewhere classified.................. 1,055 423 433 -5 —7 -4 -8 -1 0 -8 -9 -9 -14 447 483 -5 i-7 41 -6 14 6 O 16 -8 -7 474 4161 487 4178 183 +1 -2 -11 435 -1 0 435 Chemicals and allied products *................ . . . . Drugs, toiletries, and insecticides.............. Explosives.................................................... Fertilizers.................................................... Industrial chemicals.................................... Paints, varnishes, and colors..................... Pavings and roofing materials................... Soap and glycerin........................................ Synthetic textile fibers............................... Vegetable and animal oils.......................... Not elsewhere classified.............................. 1,211 221 46 239 187 312 8 56 20 17 104 42 +1 (3 ) (3) 42 46 46 -2 46 -4 41 -1 42 -7 -1 -1 43 46 -4 43 -1 8 -2 -1 0 -2 7 -3 3 —2 -3 -2 444 -5 -1 7 -1 5 -4 “3 420 414 “ 27 410 49 “2 “ 57 4295 “ 49 499 1 -7 -2 8 -2 7 -1 -3 -5 435 -1 -1 9 44 -1 1431 417 356 5 -1 0 4288 -1 7 4297 -2 5 4177 41 4351 1 -2 -3 0 1414 425 4 232 112 -9 -1 3 -5 -1 3 -2 0 -1 2 -1 8 -2 4 -3 6 -6 9 -4 426 -6 -6 -2 7 -6 7 425 480 Food products................................................... Baking.......................................................... Beverages, not elsewhere classified........... Breweries..................................................... Canning and preserving............................ Confectionery......................................... ... Dairy products............................................ Distilleries................................................... Flour, feed, and grain-mill products......... Slaughtering and meat packing................. Sugar refining_______________________ Not elsewhere classified........... .................. 2,501 477 211 248 279 190 123 60 443 239 85 146 42 (3) 45 49 43 -3 (4 ) 45 46 -5 410 -1 (3 ) 0) 4-4 410 43 -5 -1 49 49 -1 2 48 (3 ) -4 -1 5 -6 417 -5 -11 417 42 (*) -16 43 -2 i “ 11 418 -1 4 418 -4 0 -6 0 -7 7 421 -4 8 -2 5 465 423 1 -8 -1 5 -9 46 -8 — 6 418 -6 -8 -5 -4 -2 2 1 -6 Furniture and finished lumber products........ Furniture, metal......................................... Furniture, except metal................... ......... Mattresses and bedsprings......................... Morticians supplies.................................... Office, store, and restaurant fixtures......... Wooden containers..................................... Not elsewhere classified.............................. 1,098 28 637 30 28 70 109 196 (4) -1 6 -1 411 -1 3 422 -3 41 -2 -2 0 -1 410 -1 2 412 -11 -1 -9 -31 -8 -2 3 -3 413 -13 -9 -1 -4 9 -3 415 -7 7 -3 7 444 (*) 1-8 -1 3 -7 -3 0 411 41 -3 -8 10 -3 6 0 44 -7 1 -4 4 +M -3 Iron and steel and their products 2_................ Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets................ Cutlery and edge tools............................... Fabricated structural steel......................... Forgings, iron and steel..................... ........ Foundries, iron............................................ Hardware..................................................... Heating equipment, not elsewhere classified..................... ............................. Iron and steel.............................................. Metal coating and engraving..................... Ornamental metal w ork........................... Plate fabrication and boiler-shop products. 2,109 28 84 76 100 556 96 -5 -9 42 -2 2 -15 -2 453 -1 0 -1 3 41 -27 -2 0 -7 436 -1 7 -2 8 -2 -44 -3 0 “8 43 -1 7 411 -51 -4 4 -44 -4 i- ll -1 7 -3 -2 7 -1 2 -2 -2 4 1-15 417 -5 2 -2 1 -3 1 433 -3 3 121 125 27 37 65 -3 -6 -1 4 -11 -8 -7 -11 -15 -1 3 -1 7 “3 -14 -4 7 “ 33 -34 -3 3 -1 3 410 4100 -6 0 45 -3 -38 -2 3 -21 -3 0 0 436 4127 -4 6 Electrical machinery, equipment, and sup plies 2............................................................._ Batteries................................... ................... Communication and signaling equip ment, except radio................................... Electrical equipment for industrial u se..Radios and phonographs............................ See footnotes a t end of table. 422 4150 0 422 -2 6 410 0 0 -5 6 4289 -3 8 480 417 -1 3 46 -4 2 -6 0 -8 0 410 -5 2 -2 4 450 421 16 T a b l e B .— Changes in Exposure, Disabling Injuries, and Injury Rates for 30,209 Identical Establishments, 1944 to 1945— Continued Industry Percent of change in— Num ber of estab Em Dis Fre Sever lish Em ployee- abling Total ity ments ployees hours injuries time quency rate lost rate worked Manufacturing—Continued Iron and steel and their products—Con. Plumbers' supplies....................... ............. Screw-machine products______ ______ _ Sheet-metal work____________________ Stamped and pressed metal products___ Steam fittings and apparatus__________ Steel springs................................................ Tin cans and other tinware. . _________ Tools, except edge tools............................ . Wire and wire products.............................. Not elsewhere classified..................... ........ 43 63 36 175 113 4 38 108 111 99 -8 -1 8 +2 -6 -8 -1 +6 -6 -7 -9 -1 2 -22 -2 -8 -13 -2 0 +1 -11 -13 -15 -1 3 -18 -26 -23 -6 -53 -33 -23 -9 -29 +83 +29 +62 +36 -6 7 +82 -51 -2 8 -56 -5 2 (4 ) +5 -24 -17 +8 -4 2 -34 -13 +4 -1 6 +100 +62 +75 +45 -6 2 +133 -5 4 -2 0 -48 -4 6 Leather and leather products.......................... Boots and shoes........................................... Leather......................................................... Not elsewhere classified.............................. 469 283 127 59 -1 (3 ) -1 -9 -1 (4 ) -2 -1 3 -1 2 -2 0 -2 -3 6 +48 +177 +37 +9 i-1 7 -2 0 (3 ) -2 6 i+75 +200 +38 +33 Lumber and timber basic products2. ............ Logging......................................... .............. Sawmills.............................................. ........ Sawmills and planing mills combined___ Planing mills............................................... Veneer m ills ............................................... Millwork (structural)................................. 811 258 378 42 83 33 15 +8 +7 +11 -4 +4 -1 +20 -1 +1 -2 -1 4 (4 ) +1 +19 -9 -2 -1 6 -2 0 -2 0 +5 +39 -1 9 -28 -1 9 -9 — 7 -13 +149 1-8 -3 -1 4 -6 -1 9 +4 +17 1-18 -2 8 -1 7 +7 -8 -15 +111 Machinery, except electric 2_.......................... Agricultural machinery and tractors......... Commercial and household m achinery... Construction and mining machinery........ Engines and turbines. ............................... Food-products machinery.......................... General industrial machinery, not else where classified ______ ___________ General machine shops (jobbing and repair)........................................................ Metalworking machinery........................... Pumps and compressors............................. Special industry machinery, not else where classified. ...................................... Textile machinery. ..................................... 1,602 116 60 165 24 72 -1 -1 +5 -4 -28 -3 -1 0 -8 -7 -1 2 -2 8 -1 0 -18 -1 -34 -2 0 -2 2 -13 +33 -14 +231 +6 +70 +120 i-1 2 +8 -2 9 -9 +8 -2 i+18 -1 3 +200 +20 +157 +125 273 +16 +3 -15 +3 -1 8 -18 170 444 4 +36 -10 -6 -23 -17 +5 -3 4 -2 6 -7 +146 +94 -7 6 -1 4 -11 -1 2 +200 +125 -8 3 181 87 +10 +6 +7 -5 -8 — 22 +123 -5 -14 -18 +114 -7 Nonferrous metals and their products 2_____ Foundries, nonferrous................................ Not elsewhere classified............................. 151 52 96 -15 -3 9 -4 -16 -35 -8 -2 2 -46 -11 -11 +15 -2 2 i-2 6 -1 7 -4 i+14 +63 -14 Ordnance and accessories 2...................... ........ Ammunition, except for small arms......... Guns and related equipment____ _____ Sighting and fire-control equipment....... . Small arm s................................... .............. Tanks, m ilitary..................... ..................... T ank components, m ilitary....................... Not elsewhere classified.............................. 143 59 24 4 18 7 11 17 -32 -28 -34 -17 -49 -32 -1 6 +13 -36 -31 -35 -26 — 52 -35 -21 -6 -3 0 -2 7 -3 2 -14 -49 -35 +21 -1 8 +3 +4 +73 (5 ) -1 7 -8 +126 -15 1+3 +6 +3 +17 +6 +1 +54 -1 3 1+50 +50 +150 (5 ) +60 +50 +175 -11 Paper and allied products............................... . Envelopes........................„.......................... Paper boxes and containers__________ Paper............................................................ Paper and pulp, integrated........................ P ulp.............................................................. Not elsewhere classified......................... 674 62 282 131 58 12 129 -3 -2 -1 6 (4 ) +1 -1 +1 -4 -4 -1 7 -2 (3 ) +3 -4 -6 -9 -2 0 -8 -3 +6 +1 +23 -1 8 -2 4 +83 +126 +913 +16 1-2 -5 -4 -6 -4 +3 +5 i+60 -20 0 +100 +111 +675 +18 Printing and publishing.................. .............. . Book and job printing_______ ________ See fo o tn o tes a t end of table. 2,157 1,393 +5 +7 +4 +7 -4 +2 -19 -31 i-1 2 -4 i-3 0 -3 3 17 T a b l e B .— Changes in Exposure, Disabling Injuries, and Injury Rates for 30,209 Identical Establishments, 1944 to 1945—Continued Industry Percent of change in— Number of Em estab Dis Fre Sever lish Em ployee- abling Total ity ments ployees hours injuries time quency rate rate lost worked Manufacturing—Continued Printing and publishing—Continued Bookbinding............................. ................. News and periodical................................... 28 736 -1 ■H -6 +2 -6 4 -6 -6 3 +4 -61 -8 -5 7 0 Rubber products................. . ........ . ................ _ Boots and shoes_____________________ Rubber tires and tubes........................... .. Not elsewhere classified......... ................... 161 19 25 107 -4 00 +6 —17 -8 -3 (0 -1 8 -18 (0 -2 5 -1 3 -1 +11 +26 -7 1-8 +3 -2 5 +6 1+15 +32 +21 +15 Stone, clay, and glass products........................ Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products.. Cut stone and cut-stone products............. Glass........................ ........ .......................... Pottery and related products..................... Structural clay products............................ Not elsewhere classified.............................. 825 83 88 163 83 336 72 -1 +7 -2 -1 -4 +4 -3 -2 -1 +11 -3 -4 +3 -5 -6 -1 3 -6 -1 4 +2 +2 -7 -3 -9 -8 7 +9 +358 -3 7 00 1-5 -1 2 -1 5 -11 +7 -1 -2 10 -8 -8 7 +8 +420 -3 9 +8 Textiles and textile-mill products_____ _____ Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings.. Cordage and twine...................................... Cotton yam and textiles............................ Dyeing and finishing textiles..................... Hats, except cloth and millinery_______ K nit goods_________________________ Rayon and other synthetic and silk textiles. Woolen and worsted textiles.................... . Not elsewhere classified.............................. 1,503 40 16 431 101 4 469 127 301 14 -4 -1 -2 -4 -5 -4 -6 -1 -4 -6 -7 -3 -9 -7 -7 -8 -9 -5 -6 -1 7 -1 2 +25 +15 -14 -36 +150 -2 3 -1 0 -5 -2 9 +12 -1 8 -41 +8 -4 +465 +8 +153 +1 -6 1 1-9 +30 +26 -7 -3 1 +173 -1 6 -5 +1 -1 4 1+22 +27 -3 3 +17 +6 +506 0 +160 0 -6 0 Transportation equipment *............................. Aircraft..................................................... Aircraft parts............................................. . Boatbuilding.............................................. Motor vehicles............................................. Motor-vehicle p arts.................................... Railroad equipment.................................... Shipbuilding................................................ 506 30 141 8 61 51 48 160 -3 5 -3 8 -3 3 -2 3 -1 -1 3 -8 -3 9 -4 0 -4 5 -4 0 -2 4 -9 -1 8 -1 1 -4 2 -4 1 -3 8 -3 6 -6 0 -1 8 -2 9 -1 5 -4 6 -2 3 -6 -2 3 -8 4 +28 +7 +15 -3 2 l-l +13 +7 -4 7 -10 -1 0 -5 -6 1+20 +83 +17 -8 3 +57 +55 +31 +14 Miscellaneous manufacturing *................... ..... Brooms and brushes............. ...................... Optical and ophthalmic goods.......... ........ Professional and scientific instruments and supplies............................................ Tobacco products.................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing.................. . 487 65 7 -4 +8 +21 -9 +5 +15 -2 1 +33 -1 2 +22 +87 -7 0 1-18 +27 -2 4 1+25 +67 -8 0 18 151 242 -6 -5 -5 -1 9 -7 -11 -2 5 -2 5 -2 7 +18 -3 +37 -7 -1 9 -1 8 +50 +20 +67 Construction *•.................................................. Building construction................................. Heavy engineering construction................ Highway construction................................ Not elsewhere classified............................. 1, 291 922 109 199 58 -3 +26 -4 0 +18 -2 3 -1 2 +20 -4 5 +9 -11 +6 +17 -1 2 +12 -2 +21 00 +85 -41 +385 +20 -2 +61 +3 +10 +38 -1 7 +240 -4 5 +450 Communication #............................................... Telephone (wire and radio)....................... Radio broadcasting and television............ 446 98 348 +3 +3 +3 +4 +4 +3 -8 -9 +23 -3 6 -3 6 +80 -1 2 -1 2 +25 0 0 +74 Transportation 3«.............................................. Stevedoring.................................................. Streetcar....................................................... Bus............................................................... Streetcar and bus........................................ Tracking and hauling................................. 861 89 26 240 45 291 -5 -4 8 +2 +4 (3) -2 (*) -7 +3 +4 -2 -5 +6 -6 +2 +13 +12 -4 -1 5 -5 3 +20 +69 -2 0 +22 +6 +1 -1 +8 +15 +1 -1 4 -5 0 +15 +64 -2 0 +27 Nonmanufacturing See footnotes at end of table. 18 T able B.— Chm \es in Exi yosure, Disabling Injury, and Injury Rates jo r 30,209 Identical l Establishments, 1944 to 1945—Continued Industry Percent of change in— Num ber of estab Em Dis Fre Sever lish Em ployee- abling Total ments ployees hours injuries tim e quency ity lost rate rate worked Nonmanufacturing—Continued Transportation 1* 2 «—Continued Warehousing and storage________ _____ Not elsewhere classified........... .................. 142 26 -3 +1 -6 +8 -2 6 +10 -2 +382 -2 2 +2 +4 +350 Heat, light, and power *«................................. Electric light and power............................ Gas................................................................ 372 179 666 +6 +7 +4 b6 H b7 H b2 H +17 +18 +13 +6 +11 -1 2 +10 +10 +10 0 +5 -1 0 Waterworks •______________________ _____ 104 -1 Personal services................................................ D ry cleaning................................................ Laundries....................................... ............ Laundry and dry cleaning™...................... Amusements and related services............. Hotels........................................................... Eating and drinking places....................... Medical and other professional services... Miscellaneous personal services..... ........... 2,675 497 517 356 191 246 456 166 146 +5 Business services................................................ Banks and other financial agencies............ Insurance.................................................... Beal estate.......................... —................... . Miscellaneous business services............... . Automobile repair shops and garages....... Miscellaneous repair services..................... Airplane modification centers.................... 1,793 701 167 217 211 285 209 3 -3 -J-20 -31 +24 -2 5 0 13 -3 +7 -2 +2 -1 +9 +4 -1 3 -1 2 -1 2 --26 -4-49 -9 -3 5 +5 -j-29 -2 1 -7 5 -1 8 -51 -4 6 +79 +14 +204 +374 -1 3 +2 -9 -3 1 +53 -11 -3 4 -2 +24 -1 4 -6 0 -2 2 -5 8 -5 0 +75 0 +150 +300 +10 +9 +5 -4 5 -2 +6 +7 -5 +4 +6 0 —72 -1 6 -8 +7 +4 -2 0 +14 +11 -7 4 -8 +5 +273 +785 -7 9 -6 2 -11 +12 -1 5 -1 4 0 +8 -2 3 +7 +11 -6 0 0 +100 +800 -7 8 -6 7 -8 +311 -2 5 -6 -2 +? +4 +5 —2 +10 +7 +2 +6 +2 Educational services........................................ . 140 +3 -2 -1 7 -31 -1 6 Eire departments............................................... 204 +2 -8 +2 -3 +11 +6 Police departments............................................ 151 -2 -5 +15 +22 +21 +33 Trade.................................................................. Wholesale distributors................................ Retail, general merchandise....................... Retail food................................................... Wholesale and retail dairy products......... Retail automobiles—................................... Filling stations......... .................................. Retail apparel and accessories................... Miscellaneous retail stores— ..................... Wholesale and retail trade combined........ 4,265 1,287 181 411 199 316 145 372 1,141 213 +5 +« -M +2 +9 +16 b7 f-4 H 2 -2 -1 0 -8 -8 +9 -14 -1 5 -41 +2 +21 +16 +31 +37 +26 -2 7 +146 -8 3 -8 6 -2 0 +130 1 -5 -5 -1 2 -9 1+13 +22 +100 +50 -3 0 +122 -8 7 -8 7 -2 3 +122 +5 +7 +2 t? +1 +20 +10 +2 +6 0 1 Weighted according to estimates of total current employment in each industry. 2 Totals include figures for industries not shown separately. 2 More than half of 1 percent but less than 1 percent. * Less than half of 1 percent. 8 N ot available. « Primarily reported by company instead of by establishments. -2 6 -2 0 -43« -1 +19 19 T a b l e C .— Estimates of Disabilities, by Extent, for Manufacturing Industries, 1945 [Excluding self-employed] All reporting establishments Industry Apparel and other finished textile products......................................... Death PerNum Em Num ber of ployee- Num All and Tem ber of disa perma mar porary Total ber of em days disa nent hours estab ploy worked bling bling nent partial total lost in total disa disa (thou lish ees in (thou ments (thou sands) juries juries disa bility bility sands) bility sands) 1,772 Chemicals and allied products1___ 2,158 Drugs, toiletries, and insecticides......................................... 318 104 Explosives.............- .................... Fertilizers................................ . 288 Industrial chemicals, not elsewhere classified....................... 719 389 Paints, varnishes, and colors__ Soap and glycerin ._ _ _ _ 143 31 Synthetic textile fibers.............. Electrical machinery equipment and supplies1................................. Communication and signaling equipment, except radio____ Electrical equipment for indus trial use................................... Food products1................................ Breweries............ ............ .......... Confectionery........ ................... Flour, feed, and grain-mill products................................... Slaughtering and meat packing. Sugar refining............................. Estimates for entire industry 1,328 3,641 18,000 35 520 17,445 1,277 522 1,182,678 15,065 24,000 265 1,130 22,605 3,385 201 397,404 53 70 16 117,369 148,602 37,022 1,751 540 1,240 2,500 800 2,000 5 60 20 70 100 50 2,425 640 1,930 120 473 223 148 32 17 52 339,720 75,208 39,922 112,009 5,228 13,100 1,323 1,500 464 500 995 1,300 90 5 850 12,160 30 1,465 470 30 70 1,230 1,844 81 28 119 758 1,636,200 14,797 16,300 35 1,140 15,125 1,508 70 1,530 66 650 7,435 772 320 20 3,520 76,160 630 6,150 70 2,630 7,450 1,134 89 62 93 209,379 1,341 1,600 633 366 789,509 7,389 8,100 15 495 1,090,147 30,978 80,000 55 125,628 5,464 6,800 38 80,598 1,459 2,700 3,851 295 211 519 915 95 45 136 25 111, 759 3,084 5,500 313,408 10,164 13,300 52,181 1,582 1,900 20 40 15 130 5,350 450 12,810 50 1,835 353 689 191 2,579 949 218 176 82 10 378,985 12,062 25,000 178,049 4,723 9,400 576 1,100 20,738 50 10 1,530 23,420 720 8,670 40 1,060 1,849 706 64 5,043 1,407 3,046,670 62,044 67,000 400 3,620 62,980 6,689 Fabricated structural steel........ Foundries, iron.......................... Foundries, steel......................... Heating equipment.................... Iron and steel............................. Serew-m aeh in e products _ T in cans and other tinware___ Tools, except edge tools____ _ Wire and wire products______ 89 567 854 147 229 288 181 130 198 212 855 1,000 17 39,493 47 100,084 2,763 3,800 124 276,186 12,370 12,700 67 142,484 5,112 5,500 32 71,455 2,418 3,200 589 1,257,852 11,250 12,000 28 66,342 1,027 1,100 43 95,500 1,654 1,800 26 61,592 1,403 1,500 46 100,499 2,317 3,600 50 950 170 3,605 260 12,390 80 5,385 110 3,075 980 10,805 120 980 150 1,650 100 1,400 380 3,220 38 331 740 358 247 2,204 144 110 69 528 Leather and leather products1____ Boots and shoes_____ _______ Leather............... ........ .............. 686 427 154 161 121 31 356,124 267,437 69,792 5,126 11,200 2,890 5,000 1,980 2,800 35 10 440 10,725 280 4,720 70 2,720 833 275 214 Lumber and timber basic products1 2,353 Planing and plywood mills----- 1,345 See fo o tn o tes a t end of ta b le 125 55 244,020 12,654 53,000 115,409 4,393 10,900 425 55 1,750 50,825 630 10,215 5,332 1,126 Furniture and finished lumber products1....................................... Furniture, metal and wood___ M attress and hedsprings Iron and steel and their products K Bolts, nuts, washers, and r iv e ts ............. 25 50 35 15 215 20 T able C .—Estimates of Disabilities, by Extent, for Manufacturing Industries, 1945— Continued All reporting establishments Industry Machinery, except electric1............ Agricultural machinery and tractors__________________ Commercial and household machinery_______________ General industrial machinery, not elsewhere classified.......... Pumps and compressors_____ Textile machinery..................... Nonferrous metals and their products i..... ................................. Nonferrous basic shapes and forms........................................ Estimates for entire industry Num Death PerEm Num ber of ployee- Num All and Tem ber of disa perma ma- porary Total ber of em hours disa bling nent nent total days estab ploy worked bling lost lish in ees total partial disa (thou (thou in disa ments (thou sands) juries juries disa bility bility sands) sands) bility 3,944 1,026 2,284,883 40,682 44,800 180 211 95 207,817 4,883 6,100 173 65 144,513 2,210 2,400 20 638 1,400,496 25,163 27,700 26 64,183 1,126 2,300 22 51,738 731 800 85 874 152 361,435 36 29 71,926 2,333 131 124 2,020 42,600 3,297 330 5,770 190 2,190 297 5 1,270 26,345 40 2,260 775 20 1,918 65 45 7,968 12,400 25 910 11,465 1,176 3,400 15 220 1,337 327 3,165 479 135 3,340 41,025 3,939 1,260 18,680 630 4,570 260 2,920 1,520 590 415 1,244 8 393 623 Ordnance and a cce sso ries............. Ammunition, except for small arms______ ______________ Guns and related equipment— Small arms...... .......................... 921 489 1,106,870 17,185 44,500 467 131 86 211 91 54 472,649 209,418 123,651 9,425 20,000 2,146 5,20) 1,488 3,200 60 Paper and allied products1...... ...... Envelopes_________________ Paper boxes and containers___ Paper and pulp....... .................. 1,392 74 602 518 267 7 57 169 589,986 14,422 20,80) 15,744 184 300 117,708 2,657 4,400 385,961 10,102 10, 500 40 15 30 890 19,870 10 290 330 4,055 290 10,180 Printing and publishing1................ News and periodical.................. 2,354 791 166 87 346,826 177,714 2,807 1,386 9,300 3,300 10 5 480 130 8,810 3,165 736 214 Rubber products 1............................ Rubber tires and tubes............. 271 46 205 109 439,144 233, 225 6,596 3,150 7,700 3,200 15 10 560 80 7,125 3,110 809 190 Stone, clay, and glass products 1 __ Glass........................................... Pottery and related products. _ Structural clay products........... 1,344 218 137 419 208 445,038 92 192,177 25 • 52,661 29 59,969 8,874 16,100 3,012 3,700 974 1,800 2,509 4,300 95 15 30 20 450 15,555 140 3,545 50 1,720 70 4,210 1,309 321 256 256 Textiles and textile-mill products1. Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings___ ^_______ _____ Cotton yam and textiles_____ Dyeing and finishing textiles. _ Knit goods........... ................. Rayon and other synthetic and silk textiles....................... Woolen and worsted textiles... 2,287 642 1, 329,665 20,447 36,900 Transportation equipm ent1............ Motor vehicles and parts.......... Shipbuilding and boatbuild ing 2.......................................... Miscellaneous m anufacturing1....... Professional and scientific in struments and supplies.......... Tobacco products................ ...... 1,229 309 662,416 133 163 52 40 98,841 86,087 20 110 1,370 35,420 2,669 50 591 382 610 14 284 49 104 30,665 587,959 107,607 201,099 391 6C0 8,898 14,600 2,101 2,600 1,556 2,700 5 30 10 5 565 30 610 13,960 90 2,500 40 2,655 66 1,017 231 85 172 376 43 121 92,099 260,543 1,308 5,238 2,800 6,600 10 15 90 200 1,378 336 1,910 4,203,287 69,955 80,4(0 216 487,357 7,924 19,6(0 485 60 5,710 74,205 10,780 1,170 18,370 1,731 418 782 1,716,888 40,055 41,3(0 370 1,770 39,160 5,153 15 650 13,535 815 50 100 46 105 7,154 14,200 700 850 8(0 1,9(0 2,700 6,385 750 1,800 223 435 1 Includes data for industries not snown separately because of insufficient coverage upon which to base industry estimates. * Does not include United States navy yards. 21 T able D .—Distribution of A ll Reported Injuries Resulting in Permanent Partial Disability, According to Part of Body Affected, by Industry, 1945 Percent of permanent partial disability cases involving the loss, or loss of use of— Industry Total A A An hand A leg foot or arm fin or toes gers An eye One or both Other ears (hear ing) Manufacturing Total, manufacturing................................................... - 100 4 75 3 7 5 Apparel and other finished textile products................ 100 14 72 11 3 0 0 0 Chemicals and allied products...................................... Explosives................................................................ Industrial chemicals................................................ Not elsewhere classified.......................................... 100 100 100 100 4 0 5 5 66 84 62 64 5 3 3 5 9 3 14 3 9 10 5 8 0 0 0 0 8 0 11 15 Electrical machinery, equipment and supplies........... Electrical equipment for industrial use................. Radios and phonographs........................................ 100 100 100 4 2 16 72 75 71 3 2 2 6 7 4 5 5 0 0 0 0 10 9 7 Food products................................................................ Baking...................................................................... Breweries............................. ........... -............. -___ Flour, feed, and grain-mill products...................... Slaughtering and meat packing............................ Sugar refining.......................................................... 100 100 100 100 100 100 7 3 9 8 1 16 61 72 49 72 82 69 5 8 6 2 1 2 9 11 10 3 7 7 9 3 14 5 3 7 0) 0 0) 2 2 0 9 3 12 8 4 0 Furniture and finished lumber products..................... Furniture, m etal..................................................... Furniture, except metal.......................................... Wooden containers.................................................. Not elsewhere classified..... ..................................... 100 100 100 100 100 1 0 1 0 4 92 91 92 93 84 1 0 (0 0 6 2 3 3 0 0 3 3 2 7 4 0) 3 0 0 0) 1 0 2 0 3 Iron and steel.................................................................. Forgings, steel and iron.......................................... Foundries, iron........................................................ Heating equipment..................................... ........... Iron and steel........................................................... Stamped and pressed metal products................... Tin cans and other tinw are................................... Not elsewhere classified....................... ................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2 2 1 2 3 1 0 4 84 88 77 77 79 95 99 83 2 0 2 7 4 0 0 4 5 5 10 7 7 1 0 2 4 5 8 7 4 1 1 5 0) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 3 2 0 2 Leather and leather products....... ............................... 100 7 82 3 5 1 0 2 Lumber and timber basic products.............................. Logging..................................................................... Sawmills................................................................... 100 100 100 2 5 1 77 52 7 8 5 17 3 6 10 7 8 14 9 0 0 0 2 2 2 Machinery, except electric............................................. Agricultural machinery and tractors..................... Construction and mining machinery.................... Engines and turbines.............................................. General industrial machinery, not elsewhere classified........................................ ....................... General machine shops (jobbing and repair)---Metalworking machinery....................................... 100 100 100 100 1 0 0 0 84 88 71 87 1 2 5 1 5 4 10 8 6 6 12 3 0 0 0 3 0 2 1 100 100 100 1 2 0 80 86 76 0 0 4 3 5 7 6 5 9 0 0 2 10 2 2 Nonferrous metals and their products.......................... Aluminum and magnesium products................ 100 100 3 5 73 56 3 3 2 3 6 3 0 0 13 30 Ordnance and accessories............................................... Ammunition, except for small a rm s -................... Guns and related equipment................................. 100 100 100 2 0 3 87 88 88 2 2 3 3 4 4 2 2 2 0 0 0 4 4 0 See footnote at end of table. 0) 0 6 22 T able D .—Distribution of A ll Reported Injuries Resulting in Permanent Partial Disability, According to P art of Body Affected, by Industry, 1945—C ontinued Percent of permanent partial disability cases involving the loss, or loss of use of— Industry Total A A An hand A leg foot or arm fin or toes gers An eye One or both Other ears (hear ing) Manufacturing—Continued Paper and allied products............................................. Paper boxes and containers................................... 100 100 2 2 90 89 2 5 2 0 2 2 1 0 1 2 Printing and publishing................................................ Book and job printing........................ .................... News and periodical................................................ 100 100 100 4 4 5 85 77 93 1 1 0 7 12 0 2 3 2 0 0 0 1 3 0 Rubber products............................................................ 100 5 70 1 13 2 0 9 Stone, clay, and glass products........_ .......................... Glass................................. ........................................ 100 100 5 5 76 75 2 2 3 4 3 7 0 0 8 7 Textile and textile-mill products.................................. Cotton yam and textiles......................................... Dyeing and finishing textiles................................. Woolen and worsted textiles.................................. 100 100 100 100 6 4 11 11 79 84 58 84 3 3 3 0 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 0 1 1 2 0 6 4 21 2 Transportation equipm ent...... ..................................... Aircraft.................................................................... Boatbuilding............................................................ Motor vehicles......................................................... Motor-vehicle parts................................................. . Railroad equipment................................................ Shipbuilding............................................................ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 4 4 6 1 0 3 2 65 69 59 84 73 74 64 3 4 4 1 0 0 4 13 11 15 7 0 6 16 5 3 4 5 20 4 7 Miscellaneous manufacturing....................................... Tobacco products.................................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing................................ 100 100 100 2 7 0 87 88 86 1 0 2 4 5 3 Nonmanufacturing Constmction................................................................... Building constm ction............................................ Heavy engineering constmction............................ 100 100 100 8 8 0 56 57 57 9 11 5 Transportation.......................... .................................... Stevedoring................................... ................ .......... Rapid transit—overhead and underground.......... Bus......................................................................... . Streetcar and bus..................................................... 100 100 100 100 100 6 6 7 9 0 34 28 35 57 45 Heat, light, and power.................................................. Electric light and power......................................... Gas............................................................................ 100 100 100 7 7 7 52 53 47 0 0 0 0 4 9 9 12 2 7 13 3 4 0 7 0 0 0 2 0 2 12 13 14 11 9 12 2 0 7 2 2 5 10 13 7 4 16 25 25 28 13 19 2 1 0) 4 10 (0 0 0 0 3 23 27 23 13 7 10 11 11 18 16 25 4 2 5 0 0 0 9 11 5 0) 0) Personal services............................................................ 100 4 76 7 9 2 0 2 Business services............................................................ 100 10 53 11 10 10 0 6 Trade............................................................................... 100 2 78 6 2 5 0 7 Less than half of 1 percent. 23 Table E .— Indexes oj Injury •Frequency Rates in Manufacturing, 1926-45, by Extent of L>isabilily1 [1926=100] Year All injuries Death and permanent total Permanent partial 1926.......................................................................... 1927.......................................................................... 1928......................................................................... 1929......................................................................... 1930......................................................................... 1931......................................................................... 100.0 93.6 93.2 99.2 95.5 78.0 107.1 107.1 92.9 107.1 92.9 96.3 104.6 109.2 1932......................................................................... 1933......................................................................... 1934......................................................................... 1935.......................................................................... 1936............................................................... ......... 1937.......................................................................... 80.9 91.8 93.6 113.8 88.1 85.7 85.8 107.1 85.7 107.1 92.9 85.7 85.7 110.1 128.4 121.1 114.7 122.0 1938....................................................................... 1939......................................................................... 1940...................................................................... 1941........................ ................................................ 1942.......................................................................... 1943......................................................................... 1944...................................................................... 1 1945.......................................................................... 71.7 73.4 75.3 85.8 93.5 94.4 88.3 81.9 71.4 71.4 71.4 80.3 70.7 70.7 62.8 62.8 Temporary total 78.9 80.7 84.8 93.7 83.4 83.4 75.4 72.3 100.0 100.0 111.0 102.8 100.0 93.3 92.5 98.7 94.6 76.5 78.9 90.8 91.6 86.2 84.1 83.7 68.1 73.9 75.6 86.3 94.1 95.0 89.7 83.0 i Beginning with 1937, the indexes are based on the percent of change of the frequency rates of identical establishments in each pair of successive years. U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947