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Industry Wage Survey: Wood Household Furniture, November 1974 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 1976 Bulletin 1930 Industry Wage Survey: Wood Household Furniture, November 1974 U.S. Department of Labor W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner 1976 Bulletin 1930 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional O ffic e s listed on inside back cover. Price $1.25 Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents Stock number 029-00 1-0 196 0-2 Preface T his b u lle tin su m m arizes th e resu lts o f a Bureau o f L abor S ta tistic s survey o f w ages and related b e n e fits in th e w o o d h o u se h o ld fu rn itu re (e x c e p t u p h o lste r e d ) m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s try in N o v em b er 1 9 7 4 . A sim ilar survey w as c o n d u c te d in O cto b er 1 9 7 1 (B L S B u lletin 1 7 9 3 ). A su m m ary ta b u la tio n o f 1 9 7 4 n a tio n a l data w as issu ed in D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 5 . A research su m m ary ap peared in th e M onthly Labor R eview , A p ril 1 9 7 6 , p p . 4 6 -4 7 . Separate releases also w ere issu ed earlier for C h icago, 111.; G ardner, M ass.; G rand R ap id s, M ich.; H ic k o r y -S ta te sv ille , N .C .; J a m e sto w n , N .Y .; L os A n g eles-L o n g B each , C alif.; L o u is v ille , K y .-In d .; M iam i and F t. L a u d e r d a le -H o lly w o o d , F la.; W in ston -S alem -H igh P o in t, N .C .; and th e S ta tes o f A rk an sas, In d ian a, T e n n e sse e , and V irgin ia. C o p ies o f th e se releases are available from th e B ureau o f L abor S ta tistic s, W ash in gton , D .C . 2 0 2 1 2 , or a n y o f its region al o ffic e s . T his s tu d y w as c o n d u c te d in th e B u reau ’s O ffice o f W ages and Indu strial R e la tio n s. Carl B arsky o f th e D iv isio n o f O c c u p a tio n a l W age S tru ctu res prepared th e an alysis in th is b u lle tin . F ield w o rk for th e survey w as d irected b y th e A ssista n t R eg io n a l D irecto rs for O p eration s. O th er rep orts available fro m th e B u reau ’s program o f in d u str y w age stu d ie s, as w e ll as th e addresses o f th e B u rea u ’s region al o ffic e s , are liste d at th e en d o f th is b u lle tin . M aterial in th is p u b lic a tio n is in th e p u b lic d o m a in and m a y b e rep ro d u ced w ith o u t th e p erm issio n o f th e F ed eral G o v ern m en t. P lease cred it th e B ureau o f L abor S ta tistic s and cite th e n am e and n u m b er o f th e p u b lic a tio n . in Contents Page S u m m a r y ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 In d u stry ch a ra cteristics.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 P r o d u c t s .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 E m p lo y m e n t t r e n d s ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 L o c a t i o n ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 U n i o n i z a t i o n .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................2 M e th o d o f w age p a y m e n t 2 A verage h o u r ly e a r n in g s ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................2 O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n i n g s ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 E sta b lish m en t p ractices and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v i s i o n s .....................................................................................................................................4 M in im u m en tran ce r a t e s ......................................................................................................................................................................................................4 W ork sch ed u les and sh ift p r o v i s i o n s ............................................................................................................................................................................4 Paid h o l i d a y s ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Paid v a c a tio n s ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4 H ea lth , in su ra n ce, and r etirem en t p l a n s ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 O th er se le c te d b e n e f i t s .........................................................................................................................................................................................................4 T e x t tab les: 1. P ercen t o f w ork ers in esta b lish m e n ts o p eratin g u n d er lab or m a n a g em en t a g reem en ts, b y se le c te d esta b lish m e n t c h a r a c te r istic s............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 R e feren ce tab les: A verage h o u r ly earnings: 1. B y se le c te d c h a r a c te r istic s.........................................................................................................................................................................6 Earnings d istrib u tio n : 2. A ll p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s..............................................................................................................................................................................7 O c c u p a tio n a l averages: 3. A ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts .................................................................................................................................................................................. 4. B y size o f c o m m u n i t y ............................................................................................................................................................................10 8 5. B y size o f e s t a b lis h m e n t.........................................................................................................................................................................11 6. B y lab or-m an agem en t co n tr a c t c o v e r a g e .....................................................................................................................................12 7. B y m e th o d o f w age p a y m e n t ...............................................................................................................................................................13 O c c u p a tio n a l earnings: 8. A r k a n s a s .......................................................................... 15 9. C h ica g o , 111........................................................................................................................................................................... 17 10. G ardner, M ass................................................................................................................................................................................................18 11. G rand R a p id s, M ic h ....................................................................................................................................................................................2 0 12. H ic k o r y -S ta te sv ille , N C ..........................................................................................................................................................................2 2 13. I n d i a n a ............................................................................................................................................................................................................2 4 14. J a m e s to w n , N .Y .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 6 15. L o s A n g eles-L o n g B ea ch , C a lif............................................................................................................................................................2 8 16. L o u isv ille , K y .-I n d ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 17. M iam i and F o rt L a u d e r d a le -H o lly w o o d , F la ............................................................................................................................... 3 0 18. T e n n e s s e e ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 19. V ir g in ia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................33 v Contents— Continued 20. W in ston -S alem -H igh P o in t, N.C...............................................................................................................................................................35 E arnings rela tio n sh ip s: 21. S e le c te d region s and l o c a l i t i e s ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 6 E sta b lish m en t p ra ctices and su p p lem en ta ry w age p rovision s: 22. M e th o d o f w age p a y m e n t .........................................................................................................................................................................3 7 23. M in im u m en tra n ce rates: H and san d ers, fu rn itu re, and o ff-b ea rers, m a c h i n e ..............................................................3 8 24. S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s ............................................................................................................................................................................4 0 25. S h ift d iffe r e n tia l p r o v is io n s ..................................................................................................................................................................... 41 26. Paid h o l i d a y s ...................................................................................................................................................................................................4 2 27. Paid v a c a tio n s ...................................................................................................................................................................................................4 3 28. H e a lth , in su ra n ce, and r etirem en t p l a n s ........................................................................................................................................ 4 6 29. O th er se le c te d b e n e f i t s ............................................................................................................................................................................... 4 7 A p p e n d ix e s: A. R egression a n a l y s i s ...................................................................................................................................................................................................4 8 B. S c o p e and m e th o d o f s u r v e y ............................................................................................................................................................................... 51 C. O c c u p a tio n a l d e s c r ip tio n s ...................................................................................................................................................................................5 5 Wood Household Furniture, November 1974 Sum m ary p rocessed b e fo r e b ein g m a rk eted , su ch as radio and t e le vision cases or fram es for b e d springs.4 F irm s in th e in d u s S traigh t-tim e earnings o f p r o d u c tio n and related w ork ers try w ith few er th an 2 0 w ork ers w ere e x c lu d e d fro m th e in th e n o n u p h o lste r e d w o o d h o u se h o ld fu rn itu re in d u stry sco p e o f th e su rvey. T h ese e x c lu d e d firm s are e stim a ted averaged $ 3 .0 5 an h o u r in N o v em b er 1 9 7 4 . A ll b u t 6 p er cent o f th e 1 2 2 ,3 5 0 w ork ers covered b y th e to e m p lo y a b o u t 6 p ercen t o f th e in d u str y ’s w o r k fo r c e . su r v e y 1 In N o v em b er 1 9 7 4 , ju st over tw o -fifth s o f th e p r o d u c earned b e tw e e n $ 2 and $ 4 .5 0 an h ou r; th e m id d le 5 0 p er tio n w ork ers covered b y th e survey w ere in p lan ts c h ie fly c e n t fe ll b e tw e e n $ 2 .5 0 and $ 3 .4 0 . p rod u cin g b e d r o o m fu rn itu re. P lan ts w h o se m ajor p ro d u ct R e g io n a lly , average h o u r ly earnings ranged from $ 3 .8 7 w as eith er livin g ro o m fu rn itu re, d in in g r o o m /k itc h e n fu rn i in th e P a cific S ta tes to $ 2 .6 6 in th e B order S ta tes and tu r e , or k itc h e n ca b in ets e m p lo y e d 1 6 , 1 5 , and 13 p ercen t $ 2 .6 7 in th e S o u th w e s t.2 W orkers in th e S o u th e a s t, th e o f th e w o rk ers, r e sp e c tiv e ly . L ess th a n o n e -te n th o f th e region w ith th e largest n u m b er o f e m p lo y e e s in th e in d u s w ork ers w ere in esta b lish m e n ts p rim arily m ak in g rad io, tr y , averaged $ 2 .7 8 . Earnings also varied b y c o m m u n ity te le v isio n , and p h o n o g ra p h c a b in ets. T he rem ain in g p lan ts and e sta b lish m en t siz e , la b or-m an agem en t co n tra ct co v e r in th e in d u stry m o s t c o m m o n ly m a n u fa ctu red o u td o o r , age, and ty p e o f fu rn itu re m a n u fa c tu r e d , as w e ll as b y o c in fa n t, and o th e r varieties o f fu rn itu re at th e tim e o f th e c u p a tio n , s e x , and m e th o d o f w age p a y m e n t. su rvey. A m o n g th e o c c u p a tio n s stu d ied sep a ra tely , average h o u r ly earnings ranged from $ 3 .6 3 B ed ro o m and d in in g r o o m /k itc h e n fu rniture fre q u e n tly fo r p la stic -to p in stallers to w ere p ro d u ced in th e sam e e sta b lish m e n t. E sta b lish m en ts $ 2 .7 1 for m a ch in e o ff-b ea rers, h an d ru b bers, and m o ld in g - p ro d u cin g o th e r k in d s o f fu rn itu re, h o w e v e r , ty p ic a lly had m a ch in e o p era to rs w h o d o n o t set up th eir o w n m a c h in e s.3 n o seco n d a ry p r o d u c t lin es. F u rn itu re assem b lers (e x c e p t ch airs), th e largest o c c u p a E m ploym en t trends. E sta b lish m en ts w ith in th e sco p e o f tio n a l grou p stu d ie d , averaged $ 3 .0 8 . th e Paid h o lid a y s, paid v a c a tio n s, and part o f th e c o st o f su rvey e m p lo y e d 1 2 2 ,3 5 0 p r o d u c tio n w ork ers in N o v em b er 1 9 7 4 , d o w n 4 p ercen t fro m a sim ilar survey c o n life , h o sp ita liz a tio n , and surgical in su ran ce w ere p rovid ed b y p lan ts e m p lo y in g m ore th a n n in e -te n th s o f th e w ork ers d u c te d in O cto b er 1 9 7 1 .5 T he 1 9 7 4 survey to o k p lace covered b y th e su rvey. F u rn itu re w ork ers ty p ic a lly received during b e tw e e n 5 and 9 h o lid a y s and b e tw e e n 1 and 5 w e e k s o f w ork ers in th e in d u stry reach ed its h ig h est lev el in m ore v a ca tio n a n n u a lly , th e la tter d ep en d in g o n len g th o f service. th an 16 y ears. T he in d u stry b egan to recover in m id -1 9 7 5 , a r e c e ssio n , h o w e v e r , w h en th e la y o f f rate for P en sio n plan s and o th e r form s o f h e a lth insu ran ce w ere also and b y A p ril 1 9 7 6 p r o d u c tio n w ork er e m p lo y m e n t w as w id esp read in th e in d u str y . ab ove th e O cto b er 1971 le v e l.6 4 The definition o f wood household furniture (except uphol stered) used for this survey is found under industry 2511 in the 1967 S ta n d a r d I n d u s tr ia l C la ssific a tio n M a n u a l o f the U.S. Office o f Management and Budget. The 1972 edition o f the M a n u a l classi fies wood kitchen, radio, television, and sewing-machine cabinets in industries other than 2511. 5See I n d u s tr y Wage S u rv e y : W o o d H o u s e h o ld F u rn itu re , E x c e p t U p h o lste r e d , O c to b e r 1 9 7 1 , Bulletin 1793 (Bureau o f Labor Statis tics, 1973). 6 Layoff and employment data are based on the Bureau’s monthly employment and earnings series. The estimate o f the num ber o f production workers within the scope o f the study is intended only as a general guide to the size and composition o f the labor force included in the survey. It differs from that published in the monthly series (158,900 in November 1974) primarily by the ex clusion o f establishments employing fewer than 20 workers. The ad vance planning necessary to make the survey required the use o f lists o f establishments assembled considerably in advance o f data collection. Thus, establishments new to the industry are omitted, as are establishments originally classified as wood household furni ture establishments, but found to be in other industries at the time o f the survey. I n d u s tr y c h a r a c te r is tic s Products. T he w ood h o u se h o ld fu rn itu re in d u str y , as d efin ed for th is su rv ey , in c lu d e s esta b lish m e n ts m a n u fa c turing a w id e v ariety o f n o n u p h o lste r e d p r o d u c ts in clu d in g th o se th a t can be u sed d ir e c tly b y th e c o n su m e r , su ch as b e d s, c a b in e ts, and ta b le s, and ite m s th a t m u st b e fu rth er JSee appendix B for scope and method o f survey. The straighttime average hourly earnings in this bulletin differ in concept from the gross average hourly earnings published in the Bureau’s monthly employment and earnings series ($3.15 in November 1974). Unlike the latter, the estimates presented here exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Aver age earnings were calculated by summing individual hourly earnings and dividing by the number o f individuals; in the monthly series, the sum o f the employee-hour totals reported by establishments in the industry was divided into the reported payroll totals. 2For definitions o f the regions, see appendix B, table B -l, foot note 1. 3See appendix C for occupational descriptions. 1 V irtu a lly all o f th e d eclin e in in d u stry e m p lo y m e n t b e in u n io n esta b lish m e n ts in 1 9 7 4 ranged from 12 p ercen t in tw e e n 197 1 and 1 9 7 4 w as c o n c e n tr a te d in firm s prim arily th e B order S ta tes to 7 0 p ercen t in th e M iddle A tla n tic . m an u fa ctu rin g radio and te le v isio n c a b in e ts—d o w n 3 6 p er T e x t tab le 1 sh o w s th e in c id e n c e o f u n io n iz a tio n b y c o m c e n t—and d in in g ro o m fu rn itu re—d o w n 17 p e r c e n t. P ro d u c m u n ity and e sta b lish m e n t size. p ro d u ct T he U n ite d B r o th e r h o o d o f C arpenters and Join ers and b ran ch es stu d ied sep arately d e c lin e d o n ly slig h tly or a c the U n ite d F u rn itu re W orkers o f A m erica (b o th A F L -C IO ), tu a lly in crea sed . w ere th e m ajor u n io n s in th e in d u stry . L ocation. T he S o u th e a s t, th e region w ith th e greatest c o n M ethod o f wage p a ym en t . A b o u t fiv e-six th s o f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork er e m p lo y m e n t in o th e r p rin cip al ce n tr a tio n o f in d u stry e m p lo y m e n t, e m p lo y e d tw o -fifth s tio n w ork ers w ere paid tim e rates in 1 9 7 4 —a p r o p o r tio n of u n ch an ged th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers. A n o th e r o n e -s ix th of th e from th ree years earlier. T im e w ork ers w ere w ork ers w ere in th e G reat L akes reg io n , and o n e -e ig h th ty p ic a lly paid u n der form al plan s p rovid in g a range o f rates w ere in th e o th e r region s for o c c u p a tio n s (ta b le 2 2 ) . T h e p r o p o r tio n o f w ork ers paid a c c o u n te d for as m u c h as o n e -te n th o f th e in d u s tr y ’s w o rk tim e rates a ccord in g to th eir in d ivid u al q u a lific a tio n s d e fo r c e . clin ed to a b o u t o n e -fo u r th in 1 9 7 4 from slig h tly u nder tw o - B order S ta te s. N o n e o f th e T he ty p e o f fu rn itu re m a n u fa ctu red varied a m o n g th e fifth s in 1 9 7 1 . region s. B ed ro o m fu rn itu re w as th e p rin cip al p ro d u ct o f In cen tiv e w age sy ste m s in 1 9 7 4 a p p lied to a b o u t o n e- e sta b lish m e n ts e m p lo y in g a b o u t th ree-fifth s o f th e w ork ers third o f th e w ork ers in th e M iddle A tla n tic , S o u th w e s t, and in th e S o u th e a st and tw o -th ird s in th e B order S ta te s. In G reat L akes reg io n s, o n e -fo u r th in N e w E n glan d , o n e -fifth th e M iddle A tla n tic reg io n , a lm o st o n e -h a lf o f th e w ork ers in th e B order S ta te s, and to o n ly a sm all p r o p o r tio n o f th e w ere e m p lo y e d in p lan ts c h ie fly p rod u cin g k itc h e n ca b in ets. S o u th e a st w o rk ers. In cen tiv e p ay m o s t c o m m o n ly a p p lied In th e G reat L akes r eg io n , a b o u t h a lf o f th e w ork ers w ere to a ssem b lers, glu ers, p a ck ers, and sanders a m o n g th e jo b s e m p lo y e d stu d ie d sep a ra tely . b y p la n ts en gaged p rim arily in m ak in g living ro o m fu rn itu re (in clu d in g ra d io , te le v isio n , and p h o n o g ra p h c a b in e ts). A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n in g s E sta b lish m en ts lo c a te d o u tsid e m e tr o p o lita n areas7 e m p lo y e d a lm o st th r e e -fifth s o f th e in d u s tr y ’s w o rk fo r c e . S traigh t-tim e h o u r ly earnings o f th e 1 2 2 ,3 5 0 p r o d u c tio n B y r e g io n , th e p r o p o r tio n o f w ork ers in sm aller c o m m u n i w ork ers covered b y th e survey averaged $ 3 .0 5 in N o v em b er ties a m o u n te d to fo u r -fifth s in N e w E n glan d , a b o u t seven- 1 9 7 4 —a b o u t 2 7 p ercen t ab ove th e lev el in th e O cto b er e ig h th s in th e B order S ta te s, sev en -ten th s in th e S o u th e a st, 197 1 su r v e y 8 (ta b le 1). T his eq u aled th e gain for p r o d u c th r e e -fifth s in th e G reat L akes reg io n , and tw o -fifth s or less tio n w ork ers in all durable g o o d s m an u factu rin g in th e sam e in th e rem ain in g region s. p erio d . T h e in crease in w age rates w as fairly u n ifo r m —b e A m o n g th e n in e areas o f in d u stry c o n c e n tr a tio n sur tw e e n 2 0 and 2 8 p e r c e n t—am on g th e seven region s th a t v e y e d , th e largest n u m b ers o f w ork ers w ere in H ic k o r y - co u ld b e co m p a red . S ta te sv ille , N .C . ( 1 1 ,4 7 5 ) , and W in ston -S alem -H igh P o in t, A verage h o u r ly earnings in N o v em b er 1 9 7 4 w ere h ig h est N .C . ( 8 ,5 5 0 ) . T h ese tw o areas to g e th e r a c c o u n te d for tw o - in th e P a cific S ta tes ( $ 3 .8 6 ) and lo w e st in th e B order S ta tes fifth s o f all w ork ers in th e S o u th e a st reg io n . L os A n geles- ( $ 2 .6 6 ) and S o u th e a st ( $ 2 .6 7 ) . W orkers in th e S o u th e a s t, L on g B e a c h , w ith a b o u t 6 ,0 0 0 th e region o f g reatest in d u stry e m p lo y m e n t, averaged $ 2 .7 8 . w o rk ers, a c c o u n te d for a b o u t h a lf o f th e P a cific S ta tes e m p lo y m e n t. T he sm allest N a tio n w id e , w ork ers in m e tr o p o lita n areas averaged e m p lo y m e n t c o u n ts a m on g th e n in e areas w ere record ed $ 3 .3 0 an h o u r —15 p ercen t m ore th an w ork ers in sm aller in c o m m u n itie s. W hen co m p a riso n s w ere lim ite d to th e sam e J a m e s to w n , N .Y ., and M iam i and F ort L auderdale- H o lly w o o d , F la ., ea ch w ith a b o u t 1 ,1 0 0 w ork ers. r eg io n , m e tr o p o lita n area w ork ers averaged m o re th a n th eir T h e fou r S ta tes stu d ied sep a ra tely c o n ta in e d m ajor p o r co u n terp a rts in n o n m e tr o p o lita n areas in 5 o f 6 in sta n ces; tio n s o f th e in d u s tr y ’s lab or fo rce in th eir resp ective region s. in ea ch case th e d iffe r e n tia l w as b e tw e e n 7 and 10 p e r c e n t. T en n essee ( 6 ,7 3 7 w o rk ers) a c c o u n te d for o n e -se v e n th o f In th e M iddle A tla n tic r eg io n , h o w e v e r , w ork ers in sm aller th e e m p lo y m e n t in th e S o u th e a st; Indiana ( 9 ,2 4 2 ) , for ju st c o m m u n itie s averaged 15 p ercen t m ore th an m e tr o p o lita n und er o n e -h a lf in th e G reat L ak es region ; A rkansas ( 5 ,1 0 3 ) , area w ork ers. for tw o -th ird s in th e S o u th w e st; and V irgin ia, ( 1 4 ,2 8 4 ) W orkers in p la n ts w ith b e tw e e n 2 0 and 2 4 9 w ork ers for m ore th a n n in e -te n th s in th e B ord er S ta tes. averaged $ 3 .1 9 an h o u r , com p ared w ith $ 2 .9 4 per h ou r for w orkers in larger e sta b lish m e n ts. T he lo w e r n a tio n a l average Unionization. E sta b lish m en ts th a t had lab or-m an agem en t for larger p la n ts m a y b e ex p la in e d in part b y th e h igher c o n tr a c ts coverin g a m a jo rity o f th eir w ork ers e m p lo y e d a b o u t o n e-th ird o f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers in 1 9 7 4 —u n ch an ged fro m th e 19 7 1 s tu d y . R e g io n a lly , th e p r o p o r tio n 8BLS Bulletin 1793. Data for the October 1971 survey do not include retroactive adjustments for wage increases scheduled to be come effective during the 90-day wage-price-rent freeze which ended Nov. 14, 1971. 7Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas as defined by the U.S. Office o f Management and Budget through February 1974. 2 T e x t ta b le 1 . o p e r a tin g e s t a b lis h m e n t s th o s e u sed in in d ivid u al e sta b lish m e n ts, b eca u se allo w a n ce u n d e r l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , b y s e le c t e d P e rc e n t o f w o rk e rs in m u st b e m ad e for m in or d iffe r e n c e s a m on g e sta b lish m en ts e s ta b lis h m e n t c h a r a c t e r is t ic s in sp e c ific d u tie s p erfo rm ed . Location Region United States. . Middle A t la n t ic ................ Border States...................... Southeast............................ Great L a k e s ...................... Pacific................................... Metro politan areas 45-49 65-69 20-24 20-24 55-59 65-69 Nonmetro politan areas 25-29 80-84 10-14 10-14 70-74 T h e b asic su rvey ta b u la tio n s did n o t a tte m p t to iso la te Size w a ge-d eterm in in g ch aracteristics to e x a m in e th eir in d e p e n 20-249 workers 250 workers or more 40-44 60-64 25-29 5-9 50-54 55-59 30-34 85-89 10-14 15-19 80-84 90-94 are h ig h ly in terrela ted . d en t in flu e n c e o n w age le v e ls. S o m e o f th e ch a racteristics asso cia ted w ith h igh er w age le v e ls, su ch as u n io n iz a tio n , and lo c a tio n in m e tr o p o lita n areas or in th e P a cific region , A p p e n d ix A , h o w e v e r , p resen ts a b r ie f te c h n ic a l n o te o n th e results o f a m u ltip le regression in w h ic h th e singular e ffe c ts o f in d ivid u al survey ch aracteristics w ere iso la te d to a m easu rab le d egree. In several ca ses, th ere w ere m arked d iffe r e n c e s b e tw e e n th e average earnings d ifferen tia ls p r o NOTE: Dash indicates no data. d u ced b y cro ss-ta b u la tio n (sim p le reg ressio n ), as d iscu ssed in th is se c tio n o f th e rep o rt, and th o se d erived b y m u ltip le regression . c o n c e n tr a tio n o f larger p lan ts in th e rela tiv ely lo w -p a y in g F or e x a m p le , p r o d u c tio n w ork ers in u n io n p lan ts averaged 6 4 c e n ts an h ou r m ore th an th o se in n o n B order S ta tes and S o u th e a st region s. T he n a tio n w id e rela u n io n p la n ts, b u t a p p aren tly o n ly tw o -fifth s o f th is d iffe r tio n sh ip did n o t a p p ly in th e M iddle A tla n tic , S o u th e a s t, en tia l (2 7 c e n ts ) can be a ttrib u ted so le ly to u n io n iz a tio n S o u th w e st, G reat L ak es, and P a cific reg io n s, w h ere w ork ers (see a p p e n d ix ta b les A -l and A -2 ). in larger p lan ts averaged b e tw e e n 1 p ercen t and 2 0 p ercen t Earnings o f all b u t 6 p ercen t o f th e w ork ers w ere w ith in m ore th an w ork ers did in sm aller p lan ts. a range o f $2 an h ou r and $ 4 .5 0 an hou r; th e m id d le 5 0 H ou rly earnings in p lan ts w ith a m ajority o f p r o d u c tio n p ercen t earned b e tw e e n $ 2 .5 0 and $ 3 .4 0 (ta b le 2 ). T he p r o w orkers covered b y u n io n co n tr a c t averaged $ 3 .4 6 —2 3 p er p o r tio n o f w ork ers at th e u pper en d o f the earnings array cen t higher th an in n o n u n io n p la n ts. In th e S o u th e a st and varied w id e ly b y reg io n . F or e x a m p le , less th an 5 p ercen t S o u th w e st, n o n u n io n p ay levels w ere slig h tly higher th an o f th e w ork ers in th e B order S ta te s, S o u th e a s t, and S o u th th o se for u n io n p la n ts, b u t p ay levels in u n io n p lan ts w ere w est earned at least $ 4 an h ou r; th e p ro p o rtio n earning at h igher b y b e tw e e n 3 and 59 p ercen t in th e o th er regions least $ 4 a m o u n te d to 2 4 p ercen t in th e M iddle A tla n tic and stu d ied sep a ra tely . 4 9 p ercen t in th e P a cific. A m o n g th e prin cip al p ro d u ct ca teg o ries stu d ie d , m a n u factu rers o f k itc h e n w o o d ca b in ets had th e h igh est n a tio n w id e average ( $ 3 .9 5 ) and th e h ig h est lev el in each region O c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s w h ere co m p a riso n s w ere p o ssib le . O ther in d u stry b ran ch es and th eir n a tio n w id e averages w ere: R a d io , T V , and p h o n o T h irty o c c u p a tio n s w ere se le c te d to rep resent various graph c a b in e ts, $ 3 .0 7 ; d in in g ro o m and k itc h e n furn itu re skills and w age lev els o f p r o d u c tio n w ork ers in th e in d u stry (e x c e p t (ta b le 3 ). T h ese o c c u p a tio n s m ad e up ju st over h a lf o f th e c a b in e ts), $ 3 .0 0 ; livin g ro o m fu rniture (e x c e p t w o rk fo r c e . radio and T V c a b in e ts), $ 2 .9 0 ; and b e d r o o m fu rn itu re, th e N a tio n w id e averages for th ese jo b s ranged fro m $ 3 .6 3 largest in d u stry b ran ch stu d ie d , $ 2 .8 4 . for Wage lev els for th e variou s p ro d u ct b ran ch es w ere h ea v p la stic -to p in stallers rubbers. O n ly tw o o th e r jo b s , te n o n e r o p erators (se t up and furn itu re w ork ers w ere lo c a te d in th e lo w -p a y in g B order o p e r a te ) and m ain tain ers, averaged ab ove $ 3 .5 0 ( $ 3 .5 8 and S o u th e a st region s. A b o u t fo u r -fifth s o f th e m a ch in e for m old in g-m ach in e cla ssific a tio n s. F or e x a m p le , th ree-fo u rth s o f th e b e d r o o m and o n ly ) , $ 2 .7 1 o p erators S tates (fe e d to ily in flu e n c e d b y region al d istr ib u tio n o f w ork ers in th ese o ff-b ea rers, and hand $ 3 .5 1 , r e sp e c tiv e ly ). F urn itu re assem b lers (e x c e p t ch airs), w ork ers in k itc h e n ca b in et p la n ts, h o w e v e r , w ere in th e th e largest o c c u p a tio n stu d ied sep a ra tely , averaged $ 3 .0 8 . M iddle A tla n tic , G reat L ak es, and P acific S ta te s, th e th ree T able 21 p resen ts earnings rela tio n sh ip s for several rep re h ig h est p ay in g region s stu d ie d . sen ta tiv e jo b s in each o f th e reg io n s, S ta te s, and areas M en averaged $ 3 .1 9 , com p ared w ith $ 2 .7 4 for w o m e n . stu d ied as a p ercen t o f th e n a tio n w id e average for all p r o T he region al ad vantage h eld b y m en ranged from 2 p ercen t d u c tio n w ork ers ( $ 3 .0 5 ) . O ccu p a tio n a l averages w ere ty p i in th e P a cific region to 21 p ercen t in N e w E n glan d . D iffe r ca lly h ig h est in th e P a cific S ta tes (c o m m o n ly averaging en c e s in average p a y lev els for m en and w o m e n m a y b e th e $ 4 or m ore an h o u r ) and lo w e st in th e S o u th w e st. P ay rela result o f several fa c to r s, in clu d in g variation in th e d istrib u tio n sh ip s, n e v e r th e le ss, varied w id e ly b y region and a m on g tio n o f th e se x e s a m o n g esta b lish m e n ts and also am on g areas se le c te d jo b s w ith disparate p ay le v e ls. D iffe r e n c e s in averages for region . for separate stu d y , even w ith in th e sam e m en and w o m e n in th e sam e jo b and area m a y re fle c t m in or In m o s t in sta n ces w h ere region al co m p a riso n s w ere p o s variation s in d u tie s. Job d e scrip tio n s u sed in cla ssify in g sib le , o c c u p a tio n a l averages w ere h igher in m e tr o p o lita n w ork ers in w age su rveys u su a lly are m ore g en eralized th an areas th an in n o n m e tr o p o lita n areas (ta b le 4 ), h igh er in 3 p la n ts o f 2 5 0 or m ore th a n in sm aller p la n ts (ta b le 5 ), d a y , 3 5 -h o u r or 37% -hour w e e k s. F ou r-d ay sch ed u les o f and h igh er in u n io n p lan ts th an in n o n u n io n p la n ts (ta b le 6 ). at least 3 5 h o u rs w ere rare in th e in d u stry . W ork sch ed u les varied w id e ly b y r eg io n . F or ex a m p le,, E arnings also w ere u su a lly high er for in c e n tiv e w ork ers th a n and region (ta b le 7 ). slig h tly m ore th an on e-th ird o f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers ip T h e e ffe c t o f th e se ch aracteristics o n w age lev els is d is N e w E ngland w o rk ed at least 4 5 h ou rs; in th e P a c ific , o n ly cu ssed fu rth er in a p p e n d ix A . 4 p ercen t w o rk ed for m o re th a n 4 0 h o u rs per w e e k . for tim ew o rk ers in th e sam e jo b P ay p ro v isio n s for se c o n d -sh ift w o rk w ere rep o rted b y E arnings o f in d ivid u als p erfo rm in g th e sam e task varied c o n sid era b ly w ith in th e sam e area (ta b le s 8 -2 0 ). T h u s, som e p lan ts w ork ers in co m p a ra tiv ely lo w -p a id jo b s (as m easu red b y th e w ork ers; for third or o th e r late sh ifts , th e p r o p o r tio n w as e m p lo y in g ju st over o n e -h a lf o f th e p r o d u c tio n average for all w o rk ers) earned m o re th an so m e in jo b s for o n e -fifth (ta b le 2 5 ). L ess th a n 5 p ercen t o f th e p r o d u c tio n w h ic h sig n ific a n tly h igh er averages w ere reco rd ed . F or e x w o rk ers, h o w e v e r , w ere a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d o n late sh ifts a m p le, in C h ica g o , earnings o f p ack ers and sprayers o v e r at th e tim e o f th e su rvey. la p p ed co n sid e r a b ly , d e sp ite an 8 4 -c e n t d iffe r e n c e in h o u r ly averages for th e tw o jo b s , as sh o w n in th e fo llo w in g Paid holidays. N ea rly all p r o d u c tio n and o ffic e w ork ers ta b u la tio n : w ere in esta b lish m e n ts p rovid in g paid h o lid a y s (ta b le 2 6 ). Hourly earnings Packers Sprayers Under $ 2 . 4 0 ............................................................ $2.40 to $ 2 .8 0 ...................... $2.80 to $ 3 .2 0 ...................... $3.20 to $ 3 .6 0 ......................................................... $3.60 to $ 4 .0 0 ......................................................... $4.00 to $ 4 .4 0 ......................................................... $4.40 and over......................................................... 8 41 7 5 9 70 $2.83 tw e e n 5 d a y s and 9 d ays a n n u a lly , b u t p r o p o r tio n s varied 1 9 14 11 27 9 13 Number of w o rk e rs ............................................... Average hourly e a rn in g s ...................................... A b o u t tw o -th ird s o f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers receiv ed b e 84 $3.67 w id e ly . F or e x a m p le , at lea st th r e e -fifth s o f th e w ork ers in th e M iddle A tla n tic , G reat L ak es, and P a cific S ta te s re ceiv e d 8 d a y s or m o r e . In th e B order S ta tes and S o u th e a s t, h o w e v e r , at lea st h a lf o f th e w ork ers received 5 d a y s or le ss. O ffic e w ork ers w ere co v ered b y sim ilar p ro v isio n s in m o st region s. Paid vacations. P aid v a c a tio n s, after q u a lify in g p erio d s o f serv ice, w ere p ro v id ed b y e sta b lish m e n ts e m p lo y in g vir E s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v is io n s tu a lly all o f th e in d u s tr y ’s p r o d u c tio n and o ffic e w ork ers (ta b le 2 7 ) . T y p ic a l p ro v isio n s for p r o d u c tio n w ork ers w ere D ata also w ere o b ta in e d o n certain e sta b lish m en t p rac 1 w e e k o f v a ca tio n p a y after 1 year o f service and 2 w e e k s tic e s , in clu d in g sh ift d iffe r e n tia ls and m in im u m en tran ce after 5 y ea rs. A b o u t th r e e -fifth s o f th e w ork ers w ere e lig i rates, for p r o d u c tio n w ork ers, and w o rk sch ed u les for p r o b le for at lea st 3 w e e k s o f service after 15 y ea rs. O ffic e d u c tio n and o ffic e w o rk ers. S u p p lem en ta ry b e n e fit in fo r w ork ers m o s t c o m m o n ly received 1 w e e k after 1 y e a r , 2 m a tio n , in c lu d in g paid h o lid a y s, paid v a ca tio n s, and h e a lth , w e e k s after 3 y ea rs, and 3 or 4 w e e k s after 15 years. in su ra n ce, and r etirem en t p la n s, w as c o lle c te d fo r b o th p r o d u c tio n and o ffic e w ork ers. Health , insurance , and retirem ent plans . A t least n in e -te n th s o f th e p r o d u c tio n and o ffic e w ork ers w ere in e sta b lish Minimum entrance rates. T w o -th ird s o f th e 3 3 6 e sta b lish m e n ts p rovid in g all or part o f th e c o st o f life , h o sp ita liz a m e n ts in th e B u reau ’s sam ple had form al m in im u m e n tio n , and surgical in su ran ce (ta b le 2 8 ). A b o u t sev en -ten th s tran ce ( “h ire-in ”) rates for m a ch in e off-b earers (ta b le 2 3 ). o f ea ch e m p lo y e e grou p w as p ro v id ed a c c id e n ta l d e a th and S ev en -ten th s o f th e se 2 2 3 p la n ts had m in im u m s b e tw e e n $2 d ism em b erm en t in su ran ce and p r o te c tio n fro m lo ss o f in (th e F ed eral m in im u m w age at th e tim e o f th e su rv ey ) and co m e due to illn ess or a c c id e n t. $ 2 .5 0 ; o n e -fifth fe ll b e tw e e n $ 2 .5 0 and $ 3 ; and a b o u t o n e- B asic and m ajor m e d ic a l in su ran ce ap p lied to at least te n th w ere over $ 3 . fo u r -fifth s o f ea ch e m p lo y e e g ro u p , and lon g-term d isa b ility O f th e 2 3 6 e sta b lish m e n ts (s e v e n -te n th s o f th e to ta l) in su ran ce to a b o u t o n e -fifth o f th e o ffic e w ork ers and 5 w ith form al m in im u m s for h an d san d ers, n early tw o -th ird s p ercen t o f th e p r o d u c tio n w o rk ers. had m in im u m s o f less th a n $ 2 .5 0 ; and th r e e -te n th s, b e R e tir e m e n t p e n sio n s (in a d d itio n to F ed eral so c ia l secu r tw e e n $ 2 .5 0 and $ 3 . M in im u m en tra n ce rates fo r b o th jo b s it y ) w ere g en erally h ig h est in th e P a c ific region and lo w e s t in w ork ers and a b o u t th r e e -fifth s o f th e o ff ic e w o rk ers. L u m p th e S o u th e a st and S o u th w e s t. su m severance p a y m e n ts, h o w e v e r , w ere rare in th e in d u str y . Work schedules and shift provisions . F o u r -fifth s o f th e p r o and r etirem en t p lan s stu d ie d w ere n o t req u ired to c o n tr i d u c tio n w ork ers and m ore th an n in e -te n th s o f th e o ffic e b u te to w a rd th e c o s t o f th e se p lan s. T h is w as mfcre o fte n w ork ers w ere in e sta b lish m e n ts sch ed u lin g a 5 -d ay, 4 0 -h o u r th e case fo r o ffic e th an for p r o d u c tio n w ork ers. w ere p ro v id ed to se v e n -te n th s o f th e p r o d u c tio n A m a jo rity o f th e w o rk ers covered b y h e a lth , in su ra n ce, w o r k w e e k in N o v e m b e r 1974 (ta b le 2 4 ). L on ger w o rk sc h e d u le s, m o s t c o m m o n ly 5 d a y s, 4 5 h o u r s, ap p lied to ju st O ther selected benefits. P ro v isio n s fo r p aid fu n eral leave u n d er o n e -te n th o f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers. M ost o f th e ap p lied to a b o u t th ree-eig h ts o f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers o ffic e w ork ers o n o th e r th a n 4 0 -h o u r sch ed u les w o r k e d 5- (ta b le 2 9 ). J u ry -d u ty p a y w as p rovid ed in esta b lish m e n ts 4 and least c o m m o n in th e S o u th e a st and S o u th w e st. e m p lo y in g ju st over h a lf th e w o rk ers. T e c h n o lo g ic a l sever an ce p a y , p rovid in g p ay to w ork ers p e r m a n e n tly sep arated P r o d u c tio n and o ff ic e w ork ers w ere covered in sim ilar from th eir jo b s due to te c h n o lo g ic a l ch an ge or p la n t c lo sin g , p r o p o r tio n s b y ju r y -d u ty p a y p r o v isio n s. A larger p ro p o r w as rarely fo u n d . A ll o f th e a b ove b e n e fits g en erally w ere tio n o f th e o ffic e w o rk ers, h o w e v e r , a b o u t o n e -h a lf, w ere m o st c o m m o n in th e N e w E ngland and G reat L akes S ta tes cov ered b y fu n eral leave p lan s. 5 Table 1. Average hourly earnings: By selected characteristics (Num ber and a vera ge straigh t-tim e h ou rly e a r n in g s 1 o f p roduction w o rk e rs in w ood household fu rniture (excep t u p h o lste re d ) m anufacturing establish m en ts by s e le cte d c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , United States and s e le cte d re g io n s , N ovem ber 1974) It em U n it e d S t a t e s 2 Number Avera ge hourly of w or k er s e a r n i n g s Border S ta te s New Eng la nd Middle A t l a n t i c Southeast S o ut hw e s t G rea t l a k e s Pac:i f i c Number ' A ve rag e Av e ra ge Number Number Ave ra ge Number Av er a ge Number Number Av era ge Av era ge Number Average of of hourly of hourly hourly of hourly hourly of of of hourly hourly w orkers e a r n i n g s w or k e rs e a r n i n g s w or k ers e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w or k er s e a r n i n g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s A l l p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s 3 ........................................ Men.......................................................................................... Women..................................................................................... 12 2 ,3 50 83,835 36,210 $3.05 3.19 2.74 6, 962 4, 94 3 2,019 $3.04 3.20 2.65 10 ,9 12 8,641 2, 27 1 $3. 41 3.52 2.99 15 ,7 10 9,200 4,205 $2.66 2.80 2.43 48,372 33,081 15 , 2 9 1 $2.78 2.89 2.56 7,748 4,550 3,198 $2.67 2.74 2.57 19 ,2 55 12 ,0 02 7,253 $3.47 3.68 3.12 11,562 10,196 1,366 $3.86 3.87 3.79 Si ze of c o m m u n i t y : M etrop olitan a r e a s 4 ........................................... N o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s ............................................. 52,092 70 , 2 5 8 3.30 2.86 1,298 5,664 3.22 3.00 7,894 3,018 3.27 3.77 1, 8 1 0 13,900 2.84 2.64 14 , 6 8 1 33,691 2.97 2.70 4,717 3,031 2.74 2.55 8,489 1 0, 76 6 3.63 3.35 11,562 - 3.86 - Si ze o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t : 2 0 - 2 4 9 w o r k e r s ............................................................... 2 50 w o r k e r s o r m o r e .................................................. 51,408 70,942 3.19 2.94 4,8 35 2, 127 3.06 3.00 8, 4 0 1 2 , 51 1 3.26 3.90 2,042 1 3, 66 8 3.20 2.58 12,412 35,960 2.76 2.79 2,875 4,873 2.58 2.72 11 ,5 40 7,715 3.43 3.53 7,804 3,758 3.73 4. 12 l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t co ve ra ge : E s t a b lis h m e n t s with— M a j o r i t y o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d ......................... None o r m i n o r i t y o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d ......................................................................... 43,024 3.46 2, 882 3.09 7,585 3.53 1, 921 3.20 7,276 2.77 2,411 2.65 12 ,3 26 3.52 8,003 4.35 79,326 2.82 4, 080 3.01 3,327 3 . 14 13, 78 9 2.58 41,096 2.78 5,337 2.68 6,929 3.39 3,559 2.74 8,393 3.07 1,883 2. 58 5,137 3.24 2,050 $3 .5 1 P r i n c i p a l pr od uc t: 6 R a d i o , t e l e v i s i o n , and pho n o gr a ph wood c a b i n e t s ............................................................... L i v i n a r o o m , l i b r a r y , and h a l l wood f u r n it u r e (except r a d io , t e l e v i s i o n , and ph on og ra p h c a b i n e t s ) ................................... D in i n g ro om and k i t c h e n wood f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c a b i n e t s ) .................................................... K i t c h e n wood c a b i n e t s ............................................. Bedroom wood f u r n i t u r e ........................................... 1 9, 56 4 2.90 2, 153 $2.88 18 ,4 8 5 16 ,4 0 8 51,589 3.00 3.95 2.84 2 , 38 5 2.97 - 969 - $3.14 2,593 1, 837 4,886 2,514 1 E x clu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holid ays, and late sh ifts. 2 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown separately. 3 Includes w o rk e rs in e stablish m en ts fo r w hich separate data fo r m en and w om en was un ava ila b le. 4 Standard M etrop olitan S ta tistica l a re a s as defined by the U. S. O ffice o f M anagem ent and Budget through F eb ru a ry 1974. $3.59 3.60 3.36 2.56 6,312 2.54 1,678 2.80 4,037 3.35 1, 1 6 2 2.62 9,676 1,789 28,642 2.86 3.71 2.76 825 510 2,967 2.51 2.93 2.54 2,170 4,824 2,090 3.39 3.95 3.26 - 10 , 6 2 0 - $2.66 . - - 3,787 $3.45 5 E stab lish m en ts w e re c la s s ifie d a ccord in g to p rin cip a l type of furniture m anufactured. The p rod u ction w o rk e rs total above includ es data fo r establish m en ts with p rin cip a l p rod u cts in addition to those shown se p a ra te ly . NOTE: D ashes indicate no data rep orted or data that do not m eet p ub lication c r it e r ia . Table 2. Earnings distribution: All production workers (P e r c e n t distrib u tion o f p roduction w o rk e rs in wood household furnitrue (e x ce p t uph olstered) m anufacturing establish m en ts by straigh t-tim e hourly e a r n in g s ,1 United States and selected r eg io n s, N o ve m b e r 1974) H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 Total 3 T o t a l ......................................................................................... U n it ed S t a t e s 2 Hen 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 10 0. 0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 Women New England M id dl e A tlantic Border States Southeast S out hw es t P a cific G re a t l a k e s $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 and and and and and u nd e r u n d er under u n d er u n d er $ 2 . 1 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 2 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 3 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 4 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 5 0 ................................................. 3.6 4.3 5.3 5.5 5.9 2.9 3.0 4.0 4. 1 4.8 5.1 7.1 7.7 8.2 8.2 2.6 4 .2 7 .0 3.4 4.6 1.7 3.3 3.7 1.7 2.8 1. 1 6.7 10.4 12.0 11.8 4.0 4.2 5.3 6.8 7.9 8.3 1 1. 6 9. 1 7.3 4.7 1.5 1.0 1.2 .9 1.5 8.3 2.9 3. 1 1.7 1. 6 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 and and and and and under u n d er u n d er under under $ 2 . 6 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 7 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 8 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 9 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 0 0 ................................................. 7.5 7.0 7.0 6.1 5.3 6.6 6.1 6.2 5.7 5.5 9.0 8.9 8.8 7 .0 5.0 8.4 7.7 8.8 5.3 3.7 3.3 3.1 4.4 2.3 3.7 12.2 9. 1 8.3 6.5 5.5 9.9 9.8 9.2 8.2 6.3 7.4 7.2 7.8 6,4 5?0 2.5 2.9 4.4 5.9 6.7 2.7 2.9 1.8 .7 .9 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 and and and and and un d e r under under under under $ 3 . 1 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 2 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 3 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 4 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 5 0 ................................................. 5.4 4.0 4.4 3.4 3.1 5. 9 4.4 5.0 3.8 3.7 4.6 3.1 3.4 2 .6 2.1 4.9 3.3 5. 1 2.5 3.0 5.0 6.0 7.3 5. 1 5.5 3.9 2.6 2.3 1.5 1.5 6.3 4.2 4.3 2.6 2.0 5.2 3.8 3.4 2.7 2.5 7.5 4.9 7.6 7.8 7.5 1.4 1. 4 1.1 1 .3 1.6 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 and and and and and under under u h d er under under $ 3 . 6 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 7 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 8 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 9 0 ................................................. $ 4 . 0 0 ................................................. 3.1 2.3 2. 1 1. 6 1. 2 3.9 2.8 2.5 2. 1 1 .6 1.5 1 .4 1.3 .7 .5 4.5 1.8 4.2 2.5 1. 9 3.7 4.9 4.0 2.0 2.4 1.0 .8 .4 .3 .2 2.6 1.4 .9 .8 .4 2.8 1.2 .8 .7 .3 5.0 5.3 3.8 3. 1 2.3 3.7 1 .6 4.2 4.4 3.5 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 and and and and and under u n d er u n d er under under $ 4 . 1 0 ................................................. $ 4 . 2 0 ................................................ $ 4 . 3 0 ................................................. $ 4 . 4 0 ................................................. $ 4 . 5 0 ................................................. 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 .8 2.0 1 .6 1. 5 1.5 1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .7 . 1 2.7 .9 1.3 .9 .6 4.7 2.3 4.2 1.3 2.4 .3 . 1 . 1 .1 .1 .5 .5 .4 .2 .5 .8 . 1 . 1 . 1 .1 2.0 1.4 1.3 .9 1.0 $ 4 . 5 0 and o v e r .................................................................. 5 .8 7.8 Number o f w o r k e r s ........................................................... 12 2 ,3 5 0 A v er a ge h o u r l y e a r n i n g s ............................................ $3.05 1.8 4.2 9.2 83,835 36,210 6,962 10 , 9 1 2 15,710 48,372 7,748 19,255 11,562 $3.19 $2.74 $3.04 $3 . 4 1 $2.66 $2.78 $2.67 $3.47 $3.86 1 E x clu d es p r e m iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and for w ork on w eekends, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. 2 Inclu des data fo r region s in addition to those shown separately. 3 Inclu des w o rk e rs in establishm ents fo r which separate data fo r m en and w om en w as una vailable. W o r k e r s w e re distributed as fo llo w s : 4 .8 p e rce n t at $ 4 .5 0 and under $ 4 .6 0 ; 5.1 4 2.7 5.8 3.8 8.7 2.4 I 1.2 .9 .4 10.0 4 25.9 p e r c e n t at $ 4 .6 0 and under $ 4 .8 0 ; 2 .7 p e r c e n t at $ 4 .8 0 and under $ 5 ; 1 .6 p ercen t at $5 and under $ 5 .2 0 ; 1 .4 p e r c e n t at $ 5 .2 0 and under $ 5 .4 0 ; 0 .5 p e r c e n t at $ 5 .4 0 and under $ 5 .6 0 ; 2 .3 p e r c e n t at $ 5 .6 0 and under $ 5 .8 0 ; 1.3 p e r c e n t at $ 5 .8 0 and under $ 6; and 7. 3 p e r c e n t at $ 6 and o v e r . N OTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal 100. Table 3. Occupational averages: All establishments (N um ber and a v era g e s traigh t-tim e h ou rly earnings 1 of produ ction w ork ers in se le cte d occupations in w ood household furniture (e x ce p t uph olstered) m anufacturing establishm ent, United States and selected reg ion s, N ovem ber 1974) O c c u p a t i o n and s e x 2 New Engla nd H id d le A t l a n t i c Ave ra ge Number Number A ve rag e hourly of of hourly w orkers e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s O n it e d S t a t e s 3 Humber Avera ge of hourly w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s B o r de r S t a t e s Southeast S o u t h w es t Number Av er a ge Number Number Av e ra ge A ve rag e of hourly of hourly hourly of w or k e rs e a r n i n g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s G rea t Lakes P a cific Number A ve rag e Number A ve rag e of of hourly hourly w or k e rs e a r n i n g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s Selected occupations A s s e m b l e r s , f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c h a i r s ) .......... Hen............................................................. .................... . Women................................................................................ Complete f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s (ca s e g o o d s ) . . Hen..................................................................................... Women................................................................................ C o m p l e t e f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( o t h e r than c a s e g o o d s ) ................................................................... Hen..................................................................................... Women................................................................................ S u b a s s e m b l i e s ................................................................. Hen..................................................................................... Women.............................................................................. A s s e m b l e r s , c h a i r s .......................................................... Hen................................................ .................................... Women................................................................................ C u t - o f f - s a w o p e r a t o r s ( 1 , 9 0 8 men, 90 women)..................................................................................... D ouble-en d -trim m in g-an d-borin g-m ach in e o p e r a t o r s .............................................................................. Hen..................................................................................... Women................................................................................ G l u e r s , r o u g h s t o c k ....................................................... Hen..................................................................................... Women..................................................................- ............ l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (331 men, 4 w o m e n ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L a th e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c ( f e e d o n l y ) (174 men, 86 women)..................................................... H a i n t a i n e r s , g e n e r a l u t i l i t y ( 1 , 5 1 6 men, 6 women) ........................................................... H o l d i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (6 53 men, 17 women) ..................... H o l d i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ( f e e d o n l y ) ....... Hen ........................................................... Women................................................................................ O f f - b e a r e r s , m a c h i n e ..................................... Hen ........................................................... Women........................................................ P a c k e r s , f u r n i t u r e ........................................ Hen ........................................................... Women........................................................ P l a n e r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (409 men, 7 w om en ) ............................................... P l a n e r o p e r a t o r s ( f e e d o n l y ) (124 men, 15 women ) ........................................................... P l a s t i c - t o p i n s t a l l e r s (468 men, 17 women) R i p - s a w o p e r a t o r s ( 2 ,2 0 1 men, 323 w o m e n ). . See footn otes at end o f table, 16,742 9,946 6,491 6,833 4,382 2,297 $3.08 3.33 2.72 3.32 3.65 2.76 823 483 340 476 239 3, 188 2,023 1,106 6,721 3,541 3,088 1, 2 0 3 621 582 2.92 3.11 2.57 2.91 3.07 2.75 2.77 2.91 2.63 164 134 183 110 73 228 169 59 2,016 3.35 1,201 940 242 1 , 49 7 1, 21 8 266 3. 13 3. 19 2.95 2. 93 2.96 2. 83 - $3.01 3.35 2.52 2.87 3.31 - 2,052 1,725 327 790 699 - $3.50 3.60 2.99 3.69 3.79 - $3.44 3.63 $3.37 3. 41 $2.59 $2 . 5 1 1,811 747 $2 .6 5 $2.72 - - - - 348 716 $2.66 $2.56 5 , 88 9 3,357 2 , 53 2 2, 0 2 7 1,235 79 2 $2 .7 5 2.91 2.54 2.87 3.09 2. 52 1,380 611 769 539 252 287 $2.57 2.62 2.54 2.68 2 . 78 2.59 3,114 1,571 1,543 1,536 918 618 $3.51 3.92 3.09 3.83 4.26 3.19 1,357 1,173 184 644 584 - $4.01 4.06 3.66 4.72 4.73 - 1,49 3 853 640 2,369 1,269 1,100 450 234 216 2.68 2.82 2.48 2.70 2.80 2. 57 2.60 2.64 2.56 275 187 88 566 172 394 79 20 59 2.41 2.37 2.50 2.55 2.65 2.51 2.25 2.17 2.28 323 204 119 1,255 449 806 61 24 - 3.51 3.90 2.86 3.11 3.22 3.05 3.78 3.83 - 226 218 487 371 116 90 - $3.60 3.59 $3.25 3.29 3.12 3.50 - 2.68 3.01 3.22 2.41 333 251 929 775 175 117 105 3.17 298 3.42 174 2.81 662 2.92 114 2.47 239 $3 .5 1 328 $4 . 6 8 74 65 53 53 3.39 3.39 3.42 3. 4 2 - 151 119 13 213 177 23 2.73 2.80 2.42 2.66 2.71 2.40 439 369 70 616 541 75 2.95 3.00 2.67 2.68 2.70 2.55 96 61 35 112 110 - 3.12 3.24 2 .2 2 3.19 3.20 - 2.92 3.06 2.67 2.57 2.50 2.69 190 125 65 257 147 110 3.32 3.53 2.92 3.21 3.40 2.96 152 120 32 91 72 - 3.94 3. 9 2 4. 01 4.25 4.31 - 27 $4 . 0 9 9 $3.33 3.44 $3.07 3. 33 - 87 86 - - - 120 52 68 $2.52 2.59 2.46 99 63 36 337 3.35 ! 26 $3.68 30 $3.43 37 3.26 182 3.09 - - - - 265 2.94 i 21 3.02 37 3. 4 2 23 2.56 157 2.79 - - - - 1,522 3.51 | I 90 3.14 128 3.74 279 3.07 506 3.27 151 $3.34 681 372 225 141 5,919 3,824 2,005 3,675 2,5 21 1, 0 6 7 3.38 2.71 2.84 2. 52 2. 7 1 2.78 2.60 2.87 2.93 2.75 ; - 39 3. 6 0 105 78 45 27 838 3.27 2.49 2.56 2.35 2.45 316 184 117 67 3,060 1,937 1,123 1,450 1,033 417 2.98 2.59 2.62 2.53 2.50 2.51 2. 47 2.61 2 . 64 2.52 14 2C 3.05 2.79 419 3. 17 40 146 487 2,580 2.82 3.63 3. 15 - I j - 198 140 58 193 166 - 142 - $2.84 2.91 2.66 3.10 3.10 - $3.26 - $3.11 - - 420 324 96 290 221 69 $3.35 3.47 2.96 3.34 3.52 2.76 32 3.40 46 $2.82 208 2.80 3.59 3.50 22 2.62 2.57 2.77 53 168 1,107 2.61 3. 54 2.81 - - - - 460 $2.46 - - - 9 310 - 253 157 96 264 198 66 $2.58 2.57 2.59 2.61 2.56 2.76 12 - 21 127 - $2.66 2.74 - 248 $4.06 99 $4 . 7 2 104 12 3.73 3.27 74 28 27 4. 6 6 4.C9 4. 13 438 390 48 208 175 33 $3.60 3.60 3. 61 3.64 3.57 4.C1 31 5. 3 7 319 $4.36 - 2.68 2.84 34 180 177 - - - 643 340 303 570 392 178 $3.10 3.19 3.00 3.42 3.51 3.24 50 - 3.38 - 288 - $3.45 - - - Table 3. Occupational averages: All establishments— Continued (N um ber and avera g e straigh t-tim e hourly earnings 1 of p rodu cts reg ion s, N ovem ber 1974) O c c u p a t i o n and s e x 2 w o rk e rs in se le cte d occu pation s in wood household furniture (e xce p t uph olstered) m anufacturing establish m en ts, United States and selected U n it e d S t a t e s 3 New En qland Number Avera qe Av e ra ge Number of hourly of hourly w or k er s e a r n i n q s w ork ers e a r n i n q s R o u te r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (929 men, 75 w om en )................................................................. 1, 01 7 $ 3 .3 9 R o u te r o p e r a t o r s ( f e e d o n l y ) (292 men, 60 women)..................................................................................... 352 2.95 R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , ha n d .......................................... 3 , 45 1 2. 7 1 H e n . .................................................................................. 1, 1 4 6 3.09 Women................................................................................ 2,297 2.52 R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h i n e ................................... 6C9 3.06 Hen..................................................................................... 469 3.15 Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110. . . . . . . . . 2. 8 6 ..... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , ha n d .......................................... 5, 8 0 1 2.80 Hen............................................. . . . ............................... . . . 2,017 2. 99 Women............................................................................... | 3 , 7 3 4 2.69 S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h i n e ................................... 6,066 3.06 Hen.................................................................................... 4,345 3. 16 Women............................................................................... 1,6 59 2. 81 B e l t ....................................................................................... 4,158 3.05 Hen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. ,. 1 .8. 6. . . . . . . . . 3. 13 .. .. . . .. Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .914. . . . . . . . 2 . 8 2 ..... . O th er t ha n b e l t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,.908 . .! ... ...... 3 .0 7 Hen.................................................................................... 1,159 * 3.24 Women............................................................................... 745 2.80 Sh a pe r o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (4 76 men, 24 wome n) .............................. 509 3.37 Sha per o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c ( f e e d o n l y ) (155 men, 31 women) .................................................... 189 2.85 Shaper o p e r a t o r s , hand ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (4 52 men, 67 women ).............................. 525 3. 42 Sha per o p e r a t o r s , hand ( f e e d o n l y ) (157 men, 30 w om en ) ................................................................ 187 3.13 S p r a y e r s .................................................................................. 3.23 6,298 Hen..................................................................................... 4,256 3.38 Women................................................................................ 2.94 1,950 T e n o n e r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) (912 men, 19 women).................................................... 947 3.58 Te n on er o p e r a t o r s ( f e e d o n l y ) (209 men, 55 women)..................................................................................... 284 2.95 V a r i e t y - s a w o p e r a t o r s ( 1 , 1 0 2 men, 144 women).................................................................................... 3.47 1 , 26 0 50 Mid dle A t l a n t i c Number Av e ra qe of hourly w or k e rs e a r n i n q s 82 $3.33 _ 168 | I ! ! i ! ; j i I i | i : i | 60 I ! 3 57 94 263 370 284 86 238 172 66 132 112 20 i 3.29 i 97 2.54 2.38 2.69 2.29 2.68 - 411 $3.02 2.94 2.51 2.67 2. 45 2.89 2.94 2. 6 1 2. 55 2. 68 2.51 2.82 2.87 2.66 2.83 2.87 2.67 2.78 2.87 2.64 64 $2.83 247 $3.99 62 $4.45 18 158 43 115 - 2.53 2.56 2.52 2.57 - 47 478 216 262 81 49 3.04 3.23 3.36 3.11 3.36 3.43 19 47 47 3.68 4. 01 4.0 1 23 3.92 $2.73 2.99 - I 78 $3.08 224 3. 16 32 2.96 79 3. 71 42 4.52 22 2.49 65 2.69 27 2.43 32 3. 1 1 29 3. 60 | 56 2.95 177 3. 15 17 2.85 68 3.38 34 4.58 1 28 84 6 - 2.65 2.87 - 91 2,493 1,659 834 2.87 2.82 2. 91 2.64 16 357 204 153 2.68 2.89 2.92 2.85 1 , 16 6 617 549 $3.65 3.92 3.35 605 547 58 $4.25 4.26 4.18 115 $3.22 341 3.21 96 2.98 161 3.75 141 4.85 2.63 99 2.68 11 2.74 34 3.15 37 4. 0 1 109 2.78 359 3.17 62 2.87 344 3.36 157 5.00 ! | - $3.27 ! 3.48 3.07 j 3.65 3.75 ■ 3.20 3.68 i 3.71 : 3.49 3.57 3.92 j 2.81 ! 1 2.66 - 52 3.56 119 192 140 52 $3.35 3.53 2.88 580 505 75 $3.77 3.86 3.19 29 3.67 59 3.71 _ _ 48 $3.17 | 3.72 _ 165 235 101 193 1,908 534 1,374 258 223 35 2,131 573 1,558 2,760 2,041 719 1,809 1,456 353 951 585 366 i ; 12 v $2.90 _ 64 $ 3 .6 3 3.99 2.96 i 3.94 1 3.99 3 26 477 108 361 130 G reat Lakes P a cific Number Av era qe Number Av erage of hourly of hourly w or k ers e a r n i n g s work ers e a r n i n q s | 157 102 55 67 61 6 59 319 340 418 342 76 315 271 44 103 71 32 $2.61 3.20 2.40 ; i 3.39 3.58 2.76 3.36 3.62 i 2.68 I! 3.44 3.52 | 2.99 j | $3.60 _ $2.76 3.48 j 2.35 3.17 3.30 108 39 28 Border S t a t e s Southeast So ut hw es t Number Averaqe Number Avera qe Number A ve rag e of of hourly hourly of hourly w ork ers e a r n i n q s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s $ 3 .7 2 | j ! , | | j I ! I j 767 164 553 835 521 _ 600 420 $2.39 2.64 2.31 2.75 2.86 $2.77 2.83 - - - - - 258 60 198 253 153 100 163 91 72 90 62 28 1 5 15 - - $2.75 3.19 2.62 2.79 2.94 2.5? 2.74 2.99 2.43 2.86 2 .87 2.84 1,011 317 694 909 540 369 642 414 228 267 126 141 2 E x clu d es p r e m iu m pay fo r ove rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. 3 Includes data fo r region s in addition to those shown sep arately. T otals m ay include w o rk e rs in establishm ents fo r which separate data fo r m en and wom en Lnavailable. NOTE: D ashes indicate no data re p o rte d o r data that do not m eet publication c r ite r ia . i $3.33 3.63 3. 19 3.43 3.63 3.14 3.38 3.54 3.09 3.55 3. 9 1 3.23 558 444 114 487 441 46 357 339 18 130 102 28 3. 9 1 3. 91 2.83 2.62 3.65 3.64 3.60 4. 0 2 3.45 3. 4 1 4.13 4. 15 4.20 3.95 - Table 4. Occupational averages: By size of community (Number and average straight-time hourly earings 1 of production workers in selected occupations in wood household furniture (except upholstered) manufacturing establishments, United States and selected regions, November 1974) New England P a cific Southeast S o ut hw e s t G reat l a k e s M id dl e A t l a n t i c NonNon NonNonNonM et ro m etro m etro m etro metro M et ro Metro M et ro iretroM et ro Metro politan p olitan politan p olitan polita n p olitan politan politan politan p olitan p olita n areas areas areas areas areas areas areas areas areas areas areas Av erage Avera ge Av erage Ave ra ge Ave ra ge Avera ge Avera ge A ve rag e Av e ra ge Ave ra ge Number Ave ra ge Av era ge hourly hourly hourly hourly hourly hourly hourly hourly hcurly hourly hcurly of hourly workers e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s U ni t e d S t a t e s 2 N o n m e tr o p o l i t a n areas M etrop olitan areas O ccup ation Number Av era ge hourly of w or k er s e a r n i n g s A s s e m b l e r s , f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c h a i r s ) .......... Co m pl et e f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( c a s e g o o d s ) . . Co m p l e t e f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( o t h e r than c a s e g o o d s ) ................................................................... S u b a s s e m b l i e s ................................................................. A s s e m b l e r s , c h a i r s .......................................................... C u t - o f f - s a w o p e r a t o r s .................................................. D ouble-end -trim m ing-and-borin g-m achine o p e r a t o r s ............................................................................. G l u e r s , r ou gh s t o c k ....................................................... l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c ( s e t uf and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ M a i n t a i n e r s , g e n e r a l u t i l i t y ................................. M o l d i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ O f f - b e a r e r s , m a c h i n e .................................................... P a c k e r s , f u r n i t u r e ......................................................... Rip- saw o p e r a t o r s ............................................................ Ro ute r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) .......... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , h a n d ........................................... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h i n e ....................... .. S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , ha n d ........................................... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h i n e ................................... B e l t ....................................................................................... O th e r t han b e l t ........................................................... Shaper o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ Shaper o p e r a t o r s , hand ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ S p r a y e r s .................................................................................. Te n on er o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) . . . . V a r i e t y - s a w o p e r a t o r s .................................................. 8,603 3,716 $3.30 3. 65 8, 13 9 3 , 11 7 $2.85 2.93 $2.86 2.60 $3.18 3.51 $3.44 3.72 $3.75 3.52 1,5 42 3, 3U5 481 1, 0 4 6 3. 10 3.00 2. 80 3.69 1,646 3 , 37 6 722 970 2.74 2.82 2.76 2.98 3 .8 1 3.53 2.98 3.96 3.13 2.85 3.02 3.09 3.29 3.25 2.35 3.31 4. 33 3.76 $ 3 .7 9 482 472 3.36 3.18 719 1,0 25 2.98 2.82 3.75 3. 6 4 3.08 3. 19 2.99 2.83 90 544 3. 65 4.03 247 978 3.24 3.22 3.68 3.68 3.12 216 2, 041 1, 517 971 413 1, 02 5 3. 88 2.87 3. 08 3. 49 3.86 465 3,878 2 , 15 8 1,6 09 604 2 , 42 6 489 3, 1 6 0 3,9 43 2 , 69 5 1,248 3.15 2.63 2.72 2.95 3.07 2.63 3.01 2.67 2.94 2.93 2.95 3.50 3.32 3.67 3.98 3. 7 9 4.00 3. 26 3.40 3.47 3.35 3.55 2.82 3.04 3.07 3.23 2.65 2.80 120 2 , 64 1 2, 123 1,4 63 660 2.88 3.29 2. 95 3. 28 3. 28 3. 28 $3. 38 3.34 3.48 $2.63 2.66 $2.62 2.74 $2 .4 8 2. 5 8 $3.69 4.05 $3.32 3.55 $4.01 4. 7 2 2.75 2.47 2.58 2.55 2.52 2 .3 1 2. 4 6 $2.26 3.77 3.07 2.80 3.35 2.63 2.61 2.50 2.77 3.15 3.14 3.81 3.47 3. 6 0 3. 2 5 3. 5 0 4.68 4. 01 4 .0 3 3.18 3.01 2.83 2. 59 2.94 2.70 2.86 2. 23 3.34 3.13 3.32 3.26 3. 9 4 4 .2 5 2.82 3.77 4 . 12 3. 71 3.74 3.54 2.94 3.14 $3.37 $3.30 3.78 4.72 4. 15 3.60 4. 09 4. 7 2 3.05 2.94 3.38 3.20 3.55 3.54 3.63 3.06 3.37 3.45 3.16 4. 31 3.67 3.26 3.92 3.94 2.82 2.47 2. 55 2.74 2.88 3.43 2.67 2.80 2.95 2.97 2.52 2.89 2. 54 2.74 2.74 2.73 2. 8 3 2. 4 9 2.45 2. 4 2 2.75 2. 3 4 $4. 11 4. 23 4.19 4.12 “ 3.49 2.57 2.74 3.02 3.31 2.48 2.89 2.58 3.02 3.08 2.90 $2.85 2.96 2.94 . 2.98 3.92 2.87 3.57 3.22 4.67 3. 13 3.51 3.55 3.61 3.59 3.69 3.66 3.28 3.31 3.55 3.47 3.27 3.34 3.11 3.36 3.29 3. 5 1 4. 66 3 .6 0 3. 64 4. 36 4 .4 5 4.01 3. 91 2 .8 3 3.64 3.45 4.15 2. 5 6 3.95 3.62 4. 5 2 $3 . 2 6 2.93 3.63 3.45 3.09 2.77 3.02 3.01 2.54 2 .6 9 3.04 2.50 3.57 3.90 4.03 3.36 3.27 3.48 3.64 3.36 4.58 4 .2 5 4 .8 5 5. 00 - 185 3.73 324 3.17 4.08 3.24 3.43 3. 80 3.53 3.94 3.78 331 3,565 525 543 3.20 3.01 3.28 3.07 4. 10 3.85 4. 0 5 4. 18 3. 55 3.29 3.63 3.02 4.19 3.62 3 .3 1 3.70 3 .2 8 4. 3 1 4.05 3.82 2.86 $ 4 .4 5 194 2,733 422 717 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shift! Includes data for regions in addition to those shown separately. - $2.98 3.35 NOTE: Dashes 2.66 - $2.47 2 .4 7 2.45 2.54 2.99 indicate no data $3.13 3.00 2.96 2.99 reported or data that - $3.57 ' do not meet publication criteria. Table 5. Occupational averages: By size of establishment (Number and average straight-time hourly earnings1 of production workers in selected occupations in wood household furniture (except upholstered) manufacturing establishments, United States and selected regions, November 1974) U n ite d S t a t e s 2 New England M id d le A t l a n t i c S o u th ea st S ou th w est 250 w o rk e rs o r m ore O c c u p a t io n A s s e m b le r s , f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c h a i r s ) .......... C o m p lete f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( c a s e g o o d s ) . . C o m p lete f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( o t h e r than c a s e g o o d s ) ................................................................... S u b a s s e m b li e s ................................................................ A s s e m b le r s , c h a i r s ......................................................... C u t - o f f - s a w o p e r a t o r s .................................................. E o u b le - e n d - t r im m i n g - a n d - b o r in g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ............................................................................. G lu e r s , r o u g h s t o c k ....................................................... l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ M a i n t a in e r s , g e n e r a l u t i l i t y ................................ H o ld in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ O f f - b e a r e r s , m a c h in e .................................................... P a c k e r s , f u r n i t u r e ......................................................... R ip -saw o p e r a t o r s ........................................................... R ou ter o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) .......... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , h a n d .......................................... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e ................................... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , han d.......................................... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h i n e . . . ........................... B e l t ....................................................................................... O th e r th a n b e l t ........................................................... S ha per o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ S h a per o p e r a t o r s , hand ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ S p r a y e r s .................................................................................. T en on er o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) . . . . V a r ie t y - s a w o p e r a t o r s .................................................. 2 50 250 250 w o rk e rs 2 0 -2 4 9 w o rk e rs 2 0 -2 4 9 2 0 -2 4 9 w o rk e rs 2 0 -2 4 9 w o rk ers 2 0 -2 4 9 w o rk e rs o r more w o rk e rs o r more w o rk e rs w ork ers o r more A v era ge A verage Number A verage Number A v era ge A v e ra ge A v e ra ge A vera ge A vera ge A vera ge h o u r ly of of h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly w o rk e rs e a r n in g s w o rk e rs e a r n in g s e a r n in g s e a r n i n g s e a r n in g s e a r n in g s e a r n in g s e a r n in g s e a r n in g s P a c ific 250 250 w o rk e rs w o rk e rs 2C -249 2 0 -2 4 9 w ork ers o r more w ork ers o r m ore A v era ge A v era ge A v era ge A verage h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly e a r n i n g s e a r n i n g s e a r n in g s e a r n in g s 250 w ork ers o r more A verage h o u r ly e a r n in g s 7 ,8 6 9 3 ,1 1 5 $3. 25 3. 64 8 ,8 7 3 3 ,7 1 8 $ 2 .9 3 3 .0 6 $ 3 .2 7 3 .4 7 $ 2 .6 4 2 .5 5 $ 3 . 49 3 .6 5 $ 3 .5 5 4 .0 8 $ 2 .8 4 3 .2 2 $ 2 .7 1 2 .7 2 $ 2 .4 5 2. 65 $ 2 .7 0 2.68 $ 3 .3 1 3 .4 8 $ 3 .7 8 4 .3 2 $ 3 .9 2 4 .7 4 $ 4 .3 7 1 ,5 5 5 3 , 199 731 1 ,2 6 2 3 .0 2 2 .9 9 2 . 80 3 .4 1 1 ,6 3 3 3 ,5 2 2 472 754 2 .8 2 2 .8 3 2 .7 3 3 .2 3 3 .3 0 3 .0 2 2 .9 5 3. 15 3 .7 2 3 .2 7 3 .3 8 2 .3 5 3 .2 9 4 .5 3 3 .3 5 2 .6 9 2 .7 2 2 .5 6 2 .9 7 3 .4 4 3 .0 5 3 .5 8 3 .4 4 $ 3 .6 7 3 .5 6 3 .2 0 3 .5 0 4 .7 1 $ 3 .6 9 $ 2 .4 2 3 .1 2 2 .6 2 2 .5 5 2.68 $ 3 .1 9 $ 4 .0 4 2 .6 3 2 .6 4 2.68 2.8 6 2 .2 4 2 .5 1 $ 3 .3 5 553 619 3 .2 4 2. 96 648 878 3 .0 4 2 .9 1 3 .0 1 3 . 12 3 .3 4 3 .4 7 3 .0 5 2 .7 7 $ 4 .2 0 2 .7 7 2 .5 9 3 ,0 2 2 .7 3 3 .0 8 2 .2 7 2 .8 1 2 . 7J 3 .3 7 3 .1 4 3 .2 7 3 .3 0 3 .8 6 4 .3 5 4 .3 4 4 . 10 144 596 3 .4 6 3 .6 5 193 926 3 .2 6 3 .4 2 3 .6 8 3 .2 2 2 .9 4 3 .0 5 3 .5 8 4 .9 6 4 .1 4 3 .0 9 3 .1 8 3 .1 0 3 .3 0 3 .6 9 2 .8 1 3 . 17 3 .8 6 3 .8 9 $ 4 .3 5 3 .8 9 4 .6 4 $ 4 .8 2 305 2 ,2 2 4 1 ,5 4 5 1 ,2 8 7 432 1 ,1 7 6 165 2 ,8 9 3 2 ,3 8 9 1 ,8 1 1 578 3 .2 9 2 .8 1 2 . 99 3 .2 4 3 .4 3 2 . 89 3 .3 7 2 .8 2 3 .1 6 3 . 12 3 .3 0 376 3 ,6 9 5 2 ,1 3 0 1 ,2 9 3 585 2 ,2 7 5 444 2 ,9 0 8 3 ,6 7 7 2 ,3 4 7 1 ,3 3 0 3 .4 5 2 .6 5 2 .7 8 3 .0 6 3 .3 6 2 .6 1 2 .9 5 2 .7 7 2 .9 9 3.CC 2 .9 7 3 .4 6 2 .7 5 3 .0 5 2 .9 9 3 . 18 2 .6 4 3 .4 2 2 .5 7 3 .3 4 3 .2 8 3 .4 5 $ 3 .3 5 $3. 58 $ 3 .4 0 3 .4 5 2 .9 6 3 .3 0 3 .3 1 3 .5 3 3 .4 7 3 .5 8 3 .0 2 3 .3 2 3.4 C 3 .0 3 $ 3 .9 4 3 .4 2 $ 3 .8 2 3 .9 7 $ 4 .0 9 4 .7 9 4 .8 0 2 .6 3 2 .3 9 2 .5 0 2 .6 2 2 .8 5 2 .3 3 2 .7 9 2 .5 2 2.68 2 .6 9 2 .6 5 3 .2 6 2 .5 3 2 .6 5 2 .9 1 3 .1 0 2 .5 6 2 .9 2 2 .5 7 2 .8 5 2 .8 9 2 .8 0 2. 83 2 .5 2 2 .5 1 2 .7 9 3 .0 3 $ 2 .5 7 2 .6 1 2 .5 2 2 .7 7 3 .4 3 2 .6 0 2 .6 9 2 .6 3 2 .7 8 2 .6 0 2 .7 9 2 .8 5 2 .9 0 2 .88 2 .9 1 3 .7 8 3 .0 1 3 .3 0 3 .3 2 3 .5 2 3 .1 8 3 .5 0 3 .1 8 3 .3 2 3 .2 9 3 .4 2 3 .7 0 3 .2 9 3 .5 9 3 .6 5 4 .3 9 3 .3 2 3 .3 2 3 .5 8 3 .5 8 3 .5 4 3 .6 4 4 .4 1 3 .6 0 3 .6 4 4 .4 3 4 .4 7 4 .0 6 $ 2 .7 4 3 .5 1 3 .3 5 4 . 03 5 .2 3 3 .6 2 3 .6 7 4 .2 0 $ 3 .4 8 4 .3 3 4 . 19 4 .5 2 195 3. 50 314 3 .3 0 3 .2 1 313 2 ,8 5 3 403 777 3. 59 3 .4 2 3 . 69 3 .7 1 21 2 3 ,4 4 5 544 483 3 .1 7 3 .0 8 3 .4 9 3.1C 3 .5 4 3 .2 1 3 .6 9 3 .2 6 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, Includes data for regions in addition to those shown separately. G rea t l a k e s - - - “ 3 .7 1 3 .6 1 3 .3 8 3 .6 6 NOTE: - - 1 ! 2 .7 1 3 .5 7 - | - - $ 4 .4 4 4 .4 6 3 .8 9 3 .3 1 3 .1 5 2 .9 1 3 .7 2 3 .7 0 4 .5 0 3 .1 8 2 .7 8 3 .2 8 3 .4 1 3 .1 4 2 .8 4 3 .1 7 3 .0 2 2 .7 6 2 .7 8 2 .8 7 2 .7 2 2 .9 4 2 .9 7 3 .0 6 3 .0 4 3 .2 5 3 .5 7 3 .7 1 3 .3 3 3 .6 4 3 .7 4 3 .7 9 3 .5 0 4 .5 9 4 . 19 4 .7 0 5 .0 0 - 4 .5 5 Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria. - $ 4 .4 2 5 .0 6 Table 6. Occupational averages: By labor-management contract coverage (N um ber and average s tra ig h t-tim e h ourly earnings 1 of production w ork ers in selected occupations in wood household furniture (except upholstered) m anufacturing esta b lish m en ts, U nited S tates and s e le c te d re g io n s, N ovem b er 1974) New E n gla n d U n ite d S t a t e s 2 O c c u p a t io n A s s e m b le r s , f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c h a i r s ) .......... C o m p le te f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( c a s e g o o d s ) . . C om p lete f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( o t h e r th a n c a s e g o o d s ) ............... ................................................... S u b a s s e m b li e s ............. ......................................... A s s e m b le r s , c h a i r s ......................................................... C u t - o f f - s a w o p e r a t o r s .................................................. D o u b l e -e n d -t r im m i n g - a n d - b o r in g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ........................................... .................................. G lu e r s , r o u g h s t o c k ............... ....................................... l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ M a i n t a in e r s , g e n e r a l u t i l i t y ................................. H o ld in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ O f f - b e a r e r s , m a ch in e ..................................................... P a c k e r s , f u r n i t u r e ......................................................... B ip -s a w o p e r a t o r s ............................................................ B o u te r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) .......... B u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , h a n d ........................................... B u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e ................................... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , h a n d ........................................... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e ................................... B e l t ........................................................................................ O th e r th a n b e l t ............................................................ S haper o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ S ha per o p e r a t o r s , hand ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ................................................................................ S p r a y e r s ....................................................... .. T en on er o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) . . . . V a r i e t y - s a w o p e r a t o r s .................................................. None o r H a jo r i t y c o v e r e d m in o r i t y c o v e r e d H a jo r i t y covered Number A v era ge Number A v e ra g e A v era ge h o u r ly of of h o u r ly h o u r ly w o r k e r s e a r n in g s w ork ers e a r n in g s e a r n in g s H id d le A t l a n t i c S ou th ea st S ou th w es t G rea t L a kes None o r H a jo r i t y m in o r i t y covered covered A v e ra g e A v era ge h o u r ly h o u r ly e a r n in g s e a r n i n g s None o r H a jo r i t y m in o r i t y co vered covered A v era ge A vera ge h o u r ly h o u r ly e a r n in g s e a r n i n g s None o r Ha j o r i t y m in o r i t y covered covered A v era ge A v era ge h o u r ly h o u r ly e a r n in g s e a r n i n g s Hone o r H a j o r i t y m in o r i t y covered covered A v era ge A v era ge h o u r ly h o u r ly e a r n in g s e a r n in g s P a c ific H a jo r i t y covered A v era ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s None o r m in o r i t y covered A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s 6 ,7 8 8 3 ,2 6 2 $ 3 .3 9 3 .5 7 9 ,9 5 4 3 ,5 7 1 $ 2 .8 7 3 .1 1 $ 2 .8 3 2 .7 1 $ 3 .2 3 3 .2 9 $ 3 .5 4 3 .7 4 $ 3 .4 2 3 .5 6 $ 2 .7 1 2 .7 2 $ 2 .7 6 2 .9 2 $2 . 6 6 2 .7 0 $ 2 .5 3 2 .6 7 $ 3 .4 2 3 .5 8 $ 3 .6 8 4 .3 6 $ 4 .5 1 5 .1 8 $ 2 .9 6 3 .2 2 818 2 ,7 0 8 227 782 3 .2 8 3 .2 2 3 . 49 3 .9 4 2 ,3 7 0 4 ,0 1 3 976 1 ,2 3 4 2 .7 9 2 .7 0 2 .6 1 2 .9 7 2 .9 9 3 .5 2 3 .2 9 3 .2 8 3 .6 6 2 .9 3 2 .7 7 3 .0 8 3 .8 0 3 .3 7 3 .4 0 3 .5 2 3 .3 1 3 .3 8 $ 3 .2 7 2 .7 1 2.68 $ 2 .9 9 2 .6 7 2 .7 0 2 .6 1 2 .9 1 $ 2 .6 5 3 .7 2 3 .1 7 $ 2 .5 7 2 .3 9 2 .4 7 2 .1 8 2 .4 6 $ 3 .6 0 3 .2 9 2 .9 8 3 .6 8 3 .3 8 3 .9 1 3 .6 6 3 .9 4 4 .8 8 3 .3 3 2 .4 8 3 .1 4 3 .4 7 397 457 3 .4 9 3 .3 4 804 1 ,0 4 0 2 .9 5 2 .7 5 3 .2 2 3 .3 8 3 .0 6 3 .0 9 3 .5 9 3 .6 0 $ 3 .1 6 2 .7 1 2 .6 7 3 .0 0 2 .68 2 .6 9 2 .7 0 2 .9 8 2 .4 7 3 .4 9 3 .3 3 3 .1 2 3 .0 1 4 .1 9 4 .5 0 3 .1 6 3 .6 7 89 508 3 .9 6 3 .9 1 248 1 ,0 1 4 3 .1 3 3 .3 1 3 .6 3 3 .2 7 3 .7 4 3 .0 6 4 . 10 3 .8 6 2 .8 4 3 .4 9 $ 3 .2 3 3 .1 1 3 .2 7 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .5 3 4 .2 2 3 .9 2 3 .7 1 4 .3 0 4 .0 9 4 .8 9 3 .4 1 216 1 ,7 1 5 1 ,3 4 6 815 368 724 173 1 ,4 4 8 1 ,7 9 2 1 ,1 3 7 655 3 .8 9 3 .1 3 3 .2 0 3. 67 3 .6 7 3 .0 8 3 .5 2 3 .4 3 3 .4 5 3 . 48 3 . 42 465 4 ,2 0 4 2 ,3 2 9 1 ,7 6 5 649 2 ,7 2 7 436 4 ,3 5 3 4 ,2 7 4 3 ,0 2 1 1 ,2 5 3 3 .1 4 2 .5 4 2.68 2 .9 1 3 .2 3 2 .6 1 2.88 2 .5 9 2 .8 9 2 .8 9 2.8 8 3 .5 1 2 .7 8 3 .2 3 3 .3 9 3 .6 2 2.86 2 .6 7 3 .3 3 3 .5 3 3 .6 3 3 .4 1 $ 2 .8 7 2 .9 9 2 .9 2 3 .1 9 2 .6 7 3 .1 9 2 .4 9 3 .2 9 3 .2 2 3 .4 7 3 .6 1 3 .4 5 3 .3 6 3 .5 6 3 .6 5 3 .7 3 3 .8 3 3 .5 6 3 .6 8 3 .6 4 3 .8 2 3 .5 9 3 .1 9 3 .3 0 3 .3 8 3 .4 0 3 .3 8 4 .4 6 2 .8 2 3 .5 6 3 .8 6 3 .0 1 2 .7 6 2 .3 4 2 .5 8 2 .6 9 3 .0 2 2 .4 5 2 .3 6 2 .8 2 2 .6 7 2 .7 9 2 .4 9 2 .9 9 2 .5 1 2 .6 1 2 .8 2 3 .0 2 2 .5 2 2 .9 2 2 .5 4 2 .8 3 2 .8 4 2 .8 3 $ 2 .6 0 2.6 8 2 .8 4 3 .1 0 2 .5 7 2 .6 4 2 .9 3 3 .0 1 2 .8 3 2 .8 1 2 .5 6 2 .5 8 2 .7 1 2 .7 8 2 .5 4 2 .7 9 2 .8 0 2 .7 0 2 .6 3 2 .9 0 3 .7 2 3 .1 9 3 .4 7 3 .5 7 3 .6 2 3 .3 4 3 .3 9 3 .4 8 3 .4 4 3 .4 3 3 .4 6 3 .7 8 2 .8 9 3 .3 2 3 .1 3 4 .4 3 3 .1 4 3 .0 6 3 .1 7 3 .4 2 3 .3 3 3 .7 1 5 .0 5 3 .7 9 3 .8 2 4 .5 9 5 .0 6 4 .0 1 3 .9 1 3 .6 4 4 .2 9 4 .4 1 4 .1 5 4 . 11 2 .21 2 .9 0 3 .9 5 2 .9 6 - - - 158 3 .8 6 351 3 .1 5 3 .9 9 3 .0 1 4 .0 0 3 .6 2 2 .7 3 3 .1 9 2 .9 3 2 .9 7 3 .7 7 3 .5 8 3 .5 6 3 .7 0 3 . 98 3 .8 5 323 4 ,0 6 4 560 595 3 .3 3 2 .9 8 3 .3 0 3 .0 6 3 .6 3 3 .5 8 3 .7 9 3 .8 2 3 .4 8 3 .2 3 3 .5 6 3 .8 2 3 .7 6 3 .7 5 4 .4 0 3 .6 6 3 .5 8 “ 3 .0 1 2 .7 6 2 .8 1 3 .2 2 3 .1 7 2 .8 3 3 .2 7 3 .1 6 2 .9 5 2 .9 4 2.86 2 .6 9 2 .7 4 2 .8 7 3 .0 2 2 .9 3 3 .5 5 3 .6 5 3 .8 0 3 .3 9 3 .2 4 3 .6 5 3 .6 3 3 .2 9 4 .2 4 4 .6 3 4 .8 8 5 .2 2 - $ 2 .2 4 2 .7 8 2 .7 8 4 .6 1 202 2 ,2 3 4 387 665 1 E xclud es p rem ium pay fo r overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and la te shifts, 2 Includes data for region s in addition to th ose shown sep arately. None o r m in o r i t y covered A v era ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s - $ 2 .7 7 NOTE: D ashes indicate no data rep orted o r data that do not m eet publication c r it e r ia . $ 3 .4 4 4 .5 7 Table 7. Occupational averages: By method of wage payment (N um ber and av e ra g e straigh t-tim e hourly eanings1 of prod u ction w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occu pation s United States and se le cte d region s, N ovem ber 1974) O c c u p a t io n A s s e m b le r s , f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c h a i r s ) .......... C o m p le te f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( c a s e g o o d s ) . . C o m p le te f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( o t h e r than c a s e q o o d s ) ................................................................ S u b a s s e m b li e s ............................................................... A s s e m b le r s , c h a i r s ....................................................... C u t - o f f - s a w o p e r a t o r s ................................................. Boub l e - e n d - t r i ir m in g - a n d - b o r in g - i r a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ........................................ . . .............................. . G lu e r s , r o u g h s t o c k ...................................................... H a in t a in e r s , g e n e r a l u t i l i t y ................................ O f f - b e a r e r s , m a c h in e ................................................... P a c k e r s , f u r n i t u r e ........................................................ F ip -s a w o p e r a t o r s .......................................................... P o u te r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) .......... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , hand......................................... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e .................................. S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , han d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e .................................. B e lt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O th e r th a n b e l t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S haper o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ............................................................................ T en on er o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) . . . . V a r ie t y - s a w o p e r a t o r s ................................................ New E n gland U n ite d S t a t e s 2 M id d le A t l a n t i c T im e w o rk e rs T im ew orkers I n c e n t iv e w ork ers I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs T im ew ork ers I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs A v e ra ge A v era ge Number Number A v era ge Number A v era ge Number Number A v era ge Number A v era g e of of h o u r ly of h o u r ly h o u r ly of h o u r ly of of h o u r ly h o u r ly e a r n in g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n q s w o rk e rs e a r n in g s w o rk e rs e a r n i n g s w o rk e rs e a r n in g s w o rk e rs 1 2 ,8 4 3 5 ,0 6 8 $ 2 .9 8 3 .2 1 3 ,8 9 9 1 ,7 6 5 $ 3 .4 1 3 .6 6 649 397 $ 2 .9 2 2 .7 7 174 79 $ 3 .3 4 3 .3 8 1 ,3 5 3 595 $ 3 .4 9 3 .7 7 699 195 $ 3 .5 3 3 .4 3 2 ,4 6 1 5 ,3 1 4 S76 1 ,6 7 3 2 .8 2 2 .8 4 2 .6 4 3 .3 2 727 1 ,4 0 7 227 j 343 | 3 .2 5 3 .1 8 3 .3 6 3 .4 8 133 119 192 70 3 .2 6 3 .0 3 2 .8 2 3 .0 4 31 64 36 35 3 .6 3 3 .1 4 4 .0 2 3 .4 3 166 592 135 228 3 .3 6 3 .2 5 2 .3 3 3 .3 0 167 337 70 3 .5 2 3 .5 9 $ 3 .8 2 966 1 ,1 5 2 1 ,4 1 8 4 ,9 7 6 2 ,8 6 0 2 , 135 735 2 ,9 7 9 482 . 4 ,9 0 .6. . . . . 4 ,9 2 9 . 3 ,3 5 2. . . . . . . 1. ,5. 7 7 . . . . 3 .0 6 2 .8 2 3 .4 5 2 .6 2 2 .7 8 3 .0 9 3 .2 2 2 .6 1 2 .9 6 . 2 ..6 .7. . . 2 .9 5 . 2 .9 .6. . . . . 2 .9 3 . . . . . 3 .4 4 3 .3 1 4 .4 0 3 .2 1 3 .1 7 3 .4 7 3 .8 2 3 .3 2 3 .4 7 3 .4 7 3 .5 3 . 3 .4 6. . . . . . 3 .7 3. . . . . 51 57 90 111 136 77 32 123 21 245 215 .141 . . . . 74 2 .9 3 2 .9 8 3 .1 4 2 .5 6 2 .9 4 2 .8 1 3 .1 7 2 .5 3 3 .4 1 2 .3 7 3 .0 4 . 2 .9 9 . . . . . 3 .1 3 55 87 57 65 18 45 $ 3 .4 1 3 .1 9 3 .4 9 3 .4 6 3 .6 2 3 .3 9 32 26 95 161 152 107 49 71 3 .0 3 2 .3 6 3 .6 4 2 .7 7 3 .3 8 3 .1 9 3 .6 7 3 .5 2 112 155 97 58 $ 3 .1 3 3 .8 7 3 .8 8 3 .8 4 457 247 198 49 $ 3 .0 2 3 .3 4 3 .4 4 2 .9 3 21 61 33 259 138 70 33 86 61 202 171 117 54 3 .9 5 3 .8 8 4 .0 3 3 .7 1 3 .2 8 3 .9 8 3 .4 9 3 .7 1 3 .9 8 3 .8 4 4 .1 1 4.C 8 4 .1 6 14 17 4 .0 5 $ 3 .7 2 13 18 116 3 .4 8 3 .1 5 3 .6 8 . . . . . . . . . 403 736 1,0 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 .3 0 3 .5 6 3 .4 7 i !i | | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 345 104 943 815 445 282 472 127 . . . 895 . . . . 1 ,1 3 7 . . . 806 . . . . . . . 331 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 21 1 239 S outll e a s t T im ew ork ers I n c e n t iv e . . . . . . . . . . 3 .6 4 3 .6 4 3 .5 0 . . . . . . 17 11 31 w o rk e rs 438 $ 3 .3 2 A s s e m b le r s , f u r n i t u r e ( e x c e p t c h a i r s ) . . . . . 5 ,4 5 1 $ 2 .7 0 225 C o m p le te f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( c a s e g o o d s ) . . 1 ,8 0 2 2 .7 6 3 .7 2 C o m p le te f u r n i t u r e p i e c e s ( o t h e r than c a s e g o o d s ) ............................................................... 1 ,3 9 2 2.6 6 101 2 .9 1 S u b a s s e m b li e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 ,2 5 .7. . . . . . . .2. .6. 9 . . . . . . . 1 1 2 . . . . . . . . 2. .9. 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . A s s e m b le r s , c h a i r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .390 . . . . . . .2. .5. 6 . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . C u t - o f f - s a w o p e r a t o r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 . . . . . . . 2 .9 2 . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . .$. 3 .0 2 . . . . . . . . . . D o u b le -e n d -t r im m in g - a n d - b o r in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428 . . . . . . .2. .9. 3 . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G lu e r s , ro u g h s t o c k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .607 . . . . . . .2. . . 6. 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See fo o tn o te s end of table. in w ood household furniture (ex cep t uph olstered) m anufacturing establish em n ts, - - . . . . . 2.6 6 3 .3 6 2.86 - S ou tltiwest T im ew ork ers I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs 41 49 $ 2 .5 9 2 .8 1 533 277 $ 2 .5 4 2 .5 5 1 ,6 6 7 757 $ 3 .2 5 3 .4 1 120 2 .5 9 2 .4 7 2 .1 4 2 .4 8 155 101 2 .2 7 2 .9 4 122 788 2 .9 5 3 .1 3 . . . . . . 465 . . . 57 109 . . . . . . . 54 . . . . . . . 76 2 .9 3 2 .5 6 - - 42 23 132 $ 2 .9 0 2 .6 0 $ 3 .9 6 3 .8 3 1 ,4 4 7 779 - - - G rea t Lakes T im ew orkers I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs 847 262 . . - - $ 3 .4 7 102 104 3 .0 5 3 .1 1 - $ 3 .8 0 4 .2 3 20 1 467 60 107 3 .8 6 3 .0 6 3 .7 9 3 .5 7 88 153 3 .6 4 3 .2 8 - Table 7. Occupational averages: By method of wage payment— Continued (N um ber and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs1 of production w ork ers in s ele cted occupations in wood household furniture (ex cep t upholstered) m anufacturing esta b lish m en ts, United States and s ele cted region s, N ovem ber 1974) Occupation M a i n t a in e r s , g e n e r a l u t i l i t y ........................... O f f - b e a r e r s , m a c h in e .............................................. P a c k e r s , f u r n i t u r e ................................................... R ip -s a w o p e r a t o r s . . . . ............................................ R o u te r o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) . . . R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , hand..................................... R u b b e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e ...................... .. S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , hand..................................... S a n d e r s , f u r n i t u r e , m a c h in e .................... B e l t ................................................................................. O th e r th a n b e l t ...................................................... S h a p er o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) ........................................................................ T en on er o p e r a t o r s ( s e t up and o p e r a t e ) . . V a r i e t y - s a w o p e r a t o r s ............................................ Number of w ork ers I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs Ave rage hourly earnings Ave rage [ Numbe hourly of earnings w o rk e rs 506 2 ,9 7 6 1 ,3 6 5 1,100 394 1 ,9C 4 25*1 2 ,0 7 5 2 ,6 7 1 1 ,7 4 3 S26 $ 3 .2 7 2 .5 0 2 .5 9 2 .8 0 2 .9 9 2 .5 0 2.88 2 .5 4 2 .8 1 2 .8 3 2 .7 9 221 326 330 3 .1 6 3 .2 2 3 .1 3 8a 85 $2.a2 2 .9 1 S o u th w est T im e w o rk e rs I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs T im ew ork ers Number A v era ge Number Average of h ou rly of h ourly w ork ers earnings workers earnings 137 $ 3 .3 2 . 193 $ 3 . sa 152 2 .5 2 101 $2.68 397 2.88 ia8 2 .5 7 116 2.66 326 3 .2 5 97 2 .7 a 30 2 .7 3 171 3 .3 1 21 3 .0 7 2 .7 1 107 3 .5 3 133 2 .5 3 25 2.68 2ai 3 .1 1 71 3.ao 200 $2.7a 58 $ 2 .7 9 611 3 .1 5 197 2 .7 5 56 2 .9 1 a75 3 .2 1 127 2 .6 9 36 2 .9 5 398 3 .1 8 70 2 .8 7 20 2 .8 5 127 3 .2 8 Number A verage of hourly workers earnings a3 15 29 $ 3 .0 5 3 .5 5 1 E xcludes p rem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olidays, and la te sh ifts. 2 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown sep arately. 22 6a 52 3 .1 3 2 .9 8 2 .8 9 NOTE: D ash es criteria. 10 32 indicate no 2 .5 9 3 .0 0 data reported 31 90 233 or data 3 .7 6 3 .7 3 3 .3 1 that do I n c e n t i v e w o rk e rs Number of 55 2a6 249 117 140 237 10 400 434 294 140 48 71 111 A verage hourly earnings $ 4 .8 1 3 .4 6 3 .6 6 3 .6 5 4 .3 4 3 .3 4 3 .0 9 3 .5 9 3 .6 8 3 .6 2 3 .7 9 3 .6 8 3 .7 8 3 .4 7 not m eet publication Table 8. Occupational earnings: Arkansas (N um ber and a vera ge straigh t-tim e earning hourly earnings 1 of w o rk e rs in se le cte d occu pation s in w ood household furniture, e xce p t u ph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) O ccup ation Number of workers Average earnings 1 Num ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings ofi $ S 1 ---- $ 1 ---- ---- 1 ---- T ~ $ $ "5---- S $ Tf~ $ $ $ S > T~ ? ---- $ $ 5 IE--- $ 4.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2.3o 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3,00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.60 3. 80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.,6a and and under 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.50 2.60 2.7p 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.60 3.80 4. 0Q 4.20 4.40 4.60 o v e r ALL P R O D U C T I O N WO R K E R S T I M E ----------------- 5, 10 3 3,361 $ 2.75 2.73 815 488 327 410 175 2.74 2.75 2.73 2.70 2.87 133 111 272 202 70 31 9 7 478 359 45 33 123 50 200 170 145 109 179 129 141 84 83 49 320 154 431 186 472 328 405 288 334 236 343 197 246 123 209 135 178 136 308 227 123 86 75 52 - “ 7? 18 54 48 ~ 16 16 “ 26 18 8 8 2 50 44 6 18 14 13 12 1 1 ~ 49 44 5 37 32 19 10 9 9 ~ 10 10 8 “ 68 22 46 51 7 78 31 47 43 - 61 4b 15 15 - 58 48 10 26 18 68 47 21 60 41 44 26 18 17 13 61 18 43 24 K 31 23 d 9 8 20 18 2 9 7 42 34 8 19 17 14 8 6 7 5 9 5 4 1 1 2.59 2.60 2.87 2.72 3.29 2.59 - _ H 2 _ 12 12 2 _ 12 12 8 8 2 2 2 46 46 “ “ 1 - 1 4 1 2 - 4 4 18 11 7 “ 6 6 5 5 - 8 8 19 5 14 ) 9 9 14 8 6 2 4 33 31 2 1 4 2 4 4 8 8 32 30 - . - 16 14 2 2 _ - 18 12 6 6 2 3 1 2 1 2 2 6 2 4 - 53 73 69 107 3.03 2.61 2.58 3.15 - - - - 2 - _ “ ” ~ - - 2 2 “ 2 8 8 1 1 3 1 3 _ 15 15 “ 5 1 1 3 3 8 1 7 7 6 2 1 7 19 3 - 13 179 106 167 82 o5 3.07 2.71 2.68 2.82 2.79 2.55 2 1 3 _ _ _ - « - - 9 60 47 13 2.79 2.51 2.39 2.97 47 17 108 65 176 123 S3 179 141 38 120 92 28 59 49 10 2.84 3.16 2.72 2.75 2.9* 2.93 2.65 2.80 2.81 3.1? 2.77 2.70 3.o3 3.-9 3.03 3.37 20 14 3.06 3.16 205 203 2b 17 10 8 3 8 ” - - SELECTED OCCUPATIONS AS S E M B L E R S * EX C E P T C H A I R S ---------t i m e --------------------------------IN C E N T I V E -------------------------C O M P L E T E P I E C E S (CASE GOODS) ----T I M E --------------------------------C O M P L E T E PI E C E S (OTHER T h *N CA S E GOODS) ------------------ ------T I M E --------------------------------S U B A S S E M B L I E S -----------------------T I M E --------------------------------IN CE NT IV E --------------------------C U T - O F F - S A W O P E R A T O R S 2 --------------D O U B L F - E N D - T R I M M E S a ND RO P I N G M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R S 2------------------GL UF RS , R O U G H S T OC K -----------------T I M E --------------------------------M A I N T A I N E R S , G E N E R A L U T I L I T Y 2------M O L D I N G M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R S (SET UP AND O P E R A T E ) 2 --------------OF F- B E A R E R S , M A CH IN E ---------------T I M E --------------------------------PA CK ER S, F U R N I T U R E ------------------T I M £ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------IN CE NT IV E -------------------------PL A N E R O P E R A T O R S (SET UP AMO O P E R A T E ) 2 --------------RIP SAW O P E R A T O R S -------------------t i m e --------------------------------I N CE NT IV E -------------------------R O U T E k OP E R A T O R S (SET UP A NO O P E R A T E ) --- --- — ----T I M E --------------------------------RUBB ER S, FU RN I T U R E * hANf> - — — — — TlMfc --------------------------------S A N D E R S , FU RN I T U R E , H A ND -----------TlMf --------------------------------IN CE NT IV E -------------------------SAND ER S, FU RN IT UP F, MA CH IN E -------TIME --------------------------------INCE NT IV E --------------------------B E L T ----------------------------------T I M E --------------------------------I N C E NT IV E -------------------------O T HE R THAN BELT --------------------TIME --------------------------------i n c e n t i v e -------------------------SH A P E R OP ER A T O R S , A U T O M A T I C (SET UP AND OPERATE) --------------TI M f --------------------------------See footn otes at end o f table, _ t. 5 1 - 16 8 7 5 2 8 a - 2 2 ~ 1 “ - 5 4 9 6 1 11 6 12 12 ~ 13 12 3 3 2 5 - _ - _ _ 1C 10 - ~ 1 ) ~ 5 5 ~ ~ 2 7 7 ~ - - - - 7 - 1 30 30 - 10 10 22 15 7 1 1 1 1 - - 1 c , 5 “ 1 ~ 2 2 - 30 30 ~ - 5 b - - - - - - - ” “ “ g - 1 “ 14 12 2 “ 1 ~ - - - - 15 15 2 4 4 8 6 5 4 “ - 1 5 8 5 9 4 5 . - - _ _ 4 4 ~ 2 2 - 6 4 2 1 7 . > 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 ~ 7 4 1 1 1 1 6 6 - 7 - 1 1 1 1 “ 11 7 4 - - - “ - - 9 - 1 ' 8 7 26 - - 9 19 «. 8 5 16 - _ _ _ _ 31 24 10 4 6 4 3 8 4 4 14 5 7 5 2 18 12 24 8 16 1 ? 2 1 3 1 2 4 3 1 3 3 1 1 6 5 - _ 2h 24 lb 13 7 3 32 30 2 2 _ 2 23 IS 19 1 1 1 - _ J 4 2 18 1« 10 7 3 21 17 6 6 7 4 3 4 _ 3 2 9 9 4 13 4 6 i 3 2 1 _ 5 ID 5 S 3 3 ~ 17 14 3 4 3 1 5 5 - 1 - 3 - 3 3 _ - - 4 4 - - _ _ “ - - - 3 4 4 6 _ ■ > _ 6 29 2 27 2 4 4 - 5 3 11 7 32 15 17 15 14 1 7 6 l 8 8 _ - 1^ 16 * 4 _ 4 2 2 2 7 d 1 2u 17 3 8 0 3 12 12 i 1 _ 1 4 4 2 4 4 3 13 1 1 5 l 2 1 5 1 4 _ _ - 2 2 7 5 2 3 1 14 13 1 2 4 1 _ _ _ - a 2 6 1 2 4 - - 2 4 - - - - - - - - 2 • 2 - 4 4 “ _ - _ - - - - - 1 1 - _ _ - • _ - . - - - - ’ - - - - - - _ _ l 1 - 2 _ 3 - 3 2 1 1 9 d i 14 8 6 7 3 4 7 5 2 4 4 3 3 17 17 10 7 3 4 •3 1 6 4 2 1 1 1 1 5 2 3 12 11 1 19 13 6 17 11 1 1 1 1 7 7 7 3 2 ? 4 - - 3 2 2 2 - 2 2 - 4 1 3 - - 5 4 2 2 - - “ _ - _ 1 1 - - - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - _ - 1 _ _ - - - - _ - - - i 1 “ “ _ _ . _ _ - - - “ - Table 8. Occupational earnings: Arkansas — Continued (N u m ber and av era g e straigh t-tim e h ou rly earn in gs 1 of w o rk e rs in se le cte d occupations in w ood household furniture. O ccup ation Number of workers Average hourly e rnings1 a ------- S $ 2 .0 5 2 . 1 0 ^ .0 0 $ $ 2 .1 5 2 . 2 0 $ $ 2 .2 5 2 .3 o S excep t upholstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) Number o f w o rk e rs r e ce iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of $ S S S 8 S S $ S f ------- $ 8 8 % $ $ S s 2 .4 5 2 .5 0 2 . 6 0 2 .7 0 2 . 8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 2 .3 5 2 .4 0 under and 2 .0 5 2 . 1 0 2 .1 5 l * 2 0 1 2 .2 5 2 .3 0 2 .3 5 2 . * 0 2 .4 5 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 1 * 3 .0 0 3 . In -R.*.cy * ~ Ill 1 AA A f . dan °v A /VA uu 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 ov er SELECTED OCCUPATIONS^-CONTINUED SHAPER OPERATORS, HAND (SET UP AND OPERATE)2 -------------------------SPRAYERS — — — — — ____ ____ -rm-m-r-m TIME ———————_______ ____ _____ ___ I M r F N T T X / F ____________________________________ TENONER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) — ——— — — — TJ M£ __________________________________________ VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS2 --------------------- ---------- $ 11 247 169 78 55 33 45 3 .1 8 2 .9 9 2 .9 4 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .1 0 2 .8 7 ' “ - - - - 1 1 17 17 ” " * - - - “ “ " 3 2 1 4 4 • , . r V r * Pay 1£>r o v e r tim e fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. In su fficien t data to w arra n t p u b lica tio n s o f separate earnings data by m ethod o f w age p a y- 1 fa 2 5 1 5 4 10 10 - 3 1 2 2 6 3 ” 6 2 2 4 8 7 1 4 - - 2 7 - 7 - 15 1 14 47 33 14 22 21 1 10 8 5 1 1 1 2 4 9 1 l 1 12 10 2 2 1 44 16 16 14 5 1 1 21 3 1 6 2 23 2 2 1 5 9 5 1 7 •5 5 6 2 22 1 1 1 A 5 2 - 1 2 2 2 - _ - - - Table 9. Occupational earnings: Chicago, III.1 (N um ber and a v era g e straigh t-tim e h ou rly earnings2 o f w o rk e rs in se le cte d occupations in w ood h ousehold furn itu re, excep t u p h olstered , m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— Number Occupation ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS -----------------------T I M E ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE -------------------------------------------- workers 4 ~s— S 5 "5--- $ ~i --- "1--- "i "5--- S $ 5 --- S 1 --- “I--- $ S $ 5 $ : $ S $ $ Average 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2 .40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.4o 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5 .0a earnings2 and and under 2.20 2.30 2.40 2 .50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.0Q 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.0Q 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 over 2.10 $ \ 1*717 3.21 | 1*437 3.17 280 3.40 36 36 59 57 2 25 23 2 73 70 3 127 108 19 191 158 33 97 68 29 56 29 27 48 26 22 _ - 8 8 * * 14 13 1 - 32 28 4 3 - 43 36 7 31 26 21 18 3 16 13 10 6 4 5 4 2 1 1 - 54 48 6 52 44 8 40 32 8 69 60 9 49 41 8 64 55 9 65 62 3 92 78 14 100 92 8 62 37 25 31 29 2 33 28 5 46 40 6 43 26 17 22 20 2 1 1 . 9 9 1 1 8 6 2 - 18 17 1 2 2 13 12 1 12 12 3 3 - 36 28 8 32 24 28 26 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 33 33 33 33 1 1 1 1 22 1 21 1 1 16 16 8 8 - • - . - . _ 21 6 1 1 - 1 2 _ 9 - _ • 5 5 2 3 . - 1 . _ . - 1 . 1 1 - 1 . • - - 19 1 - - - - _ _ 8 _ 8 8 8 11 11 - _ 16 16 13 12 1 13 12 1 6 3 3 • _ _ _ 342 282 60 151 131 3.27 3.22 3.50 3.36 3.41 _ - 54 137 124 13 31 8 18 15 70 64 20 16 3.76 2.98 2.96 3.10 3.64 4.23 2.66 2.68 2.83 2.84 3.09 3.08 * _ 1 1 8 8 - 8 8 “ 8 8 “ _ 14 13 1 3 2 2 2 8 8 _ 29 28 1 1 1 12 10 2 3 1 1 1 4 4 2 - 1 4 2 2 1 - 1 1 1 • 2 - 17 4 3 1 3 - 1 7 7 - 1 7 6 1 1 - 1 15 15 1 - 1 - _ 3 3 - _ 4 4 1 - - 20 20 - 14 11 “ 5 5 1 - 4 2 1 ~ 1 1 1 1 - 2 1 - 1 1 _ • 1 - • 1 - • . - - 1 25 23 2 1 3 3 5 5 - 29 3.76 - - - - - - 2 1 - 2 - 1 2 - - 1 - - 25 76 54 58 41 17 48 33 15 84 67 17 3.05 2.90 2.96 3.50 3.41 3.70 3.66 3.62 3.74 3.67 3.72 3.48 _ 16 16 _ 3 3 - _ 2 2 - 1 5 5 - 5 7 17 16 1 9 8 1 1 1 * 4 2 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 - _ 1 1 2 3 1 3 2 1 2 10 2 1 1 1 1 5 4 1 4 1 1 7 6 1 7 6 1 2 2 “ 7 6 5.05 3.90 “ ~ . 1 ■“ - - - - - - - - - “ * * - - - 1 1 * * - - - - - - - - - _ “ _ " - - 1 The Chicago Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, consists of Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and W ill Counties. 2 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 3 Workers paid on a time and incentive basis were equally divided. 4 Insufficient data to warrant publication of separate earnings data by method of wage payment: 31 25 6 54 45 9 ! SELECTED OCCUPATIONS ASSEMBLERS* EXCEPT CHAIRS -----------------T IM E ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) --------T I M E ------------------------------------------------------COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN CASE GOODS)3 -----------------------------------------SUBASSEMBLIES ---------------------------------------T IM E ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS4-------------------------MAINTAINERS* GENERAL UTILITY5-----------OFF-BEARERS* MACHINE ---------------------------T I M E ------------------------------------------------------PACKERS* FURNITURE -------------------------------t i m e ------------------------------------------------------RIP SAW OPERATORS ---------------------------------T IM E ------------------------------------------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (SFT UP AND OPERATE)5 -------------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY)5 --------------------------------------------SANDERS* FURNITURE, HAND-------------------T IM E ------------------------------------------------------SANDERS, FURNITURE, MACHINE6------------T I M E ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------B E L T ----------------------------------------------------------t i m e ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE -------------------------------------------SPRAYERS ----------------------------------------------------T IM E ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------TENONER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE)5 -------------------------VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS5 -------------------------- 1 ,120 >120 _ - 3 - - - - - - - 3 3 2 - 1 _ 4 4 1 - - - - 2 1 1 - 1 1 4 1 3 7 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 3 2 1 4 3 1 - _ _ 1 " . _ _ - _ - _ 1 - - - - - - - 14 - , 13 1 ” . “ 1 1 9 9 - " - « . . _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 • 3 2 1 _ - workers are paid predominantly on a time basis. 5 All timeworkers. 6 Includes workers in classification in addition to those shown separately. 7 Workers were at $5 to $ 5 .2 0 . _ - - 4 3 1 4 3 1 • - 1 1 1 1 1 1 • 12 12 - - 1 1 2 76 “ - • - Table 10. Occupational earnings: Gardner, Mass.1 (N um ber and a vera ge s tra igh t-tim e h ou rly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occupations in w ood household fu rn itu re, excep t uph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— Number Occupation workers S i $ $ i S i S $ S $ S S $ $ $ S $ $ S $ J $ S Average £.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2 . 3 o 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.5v 2.60 2.70 2 . 8 0 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.60 3 • 80 4.00 4.20 4 .40 4.60 4.80 earnings2 and and under % 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.*0 2.45 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.40 3*_6Q 3.80 4 i M ALL P R O D U C T I O N W O R K E R S --------- ---t i m e ------------------------------ I N CE NT IV E --------------------------- 1*527 9B1 54 6 $ 3.25 2.88 3.92 15 15 82 38 41 18 3.51 4.28 3.60 4.31 _ - - 12 29 10 35 31 18 8 3.95 3.19 4.37 4.02 4.18 3.17 3.80 12 12 6 6 3.93 3.61 2.94 4.28 18 16 3.78 3.77 11 19 36 21 15 34 6 28 3.53 3.42 2.75 2.40 3.24 3.44 3.24 3.49 6 21 17 3.49 3.76 4.02 15 7 55 3.82 3.21 3.05 3.80 4.37 2.84 4.62 4.55 2.90 4.20 4*,4ll 4 *60 4.80 240 230 10 89 76 13 57 43 14 38 2« 10 76 57 19 45 1* 27 114 63 51 111 67 44 69 32 37 83 27 56 53 10 43 7 - - 14 14 - - 1 1 ~ 6 2 2 2 1 “ 4 3 ~ 16 8 13 5 3 2 “ 1 - - 7 - - - 1 - 2 2 1 - 1 - 1 - 2 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 “ 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 _ 1 2 1 3 1 5 5 1 1 7 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 - - - - 2 1 1 7 1 1 “ 2 1 1 ~ _ - _ 2 2 _ - _ - - * * ” 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 2 - 2 2 1 - 4 - 3 1 2 2 1 3 3 1 4 - 2 1 1 - 1 3 3 1 12 1 11 1 8 3 5 1 - _ - - 1 1 1 _ 1 1 2 1 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - - 8 1 1 4 4 1 1 3 3 35 30 5 15 14 1 31 29 2 25 22 3 42 37 5 _ - 7 - - 1 1 - 2 2 1 1 - - - _ _ 7 - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 7 1 1 - 2 2 - - . _ - - ~ 91 82 9 53 50 3 10 8 2 _ over 49 13 36 35 3 32 108 17 91 1 1 - 1 i ” 3 3 2 2 3 14 14 8 6 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 * 3 3 3 55 5 - “ 1 2 2 - 72 . 2 8 2 2 2 3 3 - - 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 - - 1 * 2 3 3 1 - 1 1 1 “ 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 3 3 . 3 3 _ 1 1 1 2 2 _ 1 1 10 i 2 a 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 3 3 - 1 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 41 H 33 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS AS S E M B L E R S * EX CE PT C H A I R S ---------I N CE NT IV E --------------------------C O M P L E T E P I E C E S (CASE GOO^S) ----IN CE NT IV E --------------------------C O M P L E T E PI E C E S (OTHER TH A N CASE G O O D S ) 4 *-----------------------S U B A S S E M B L I E S -----------------------INCE NT IV E --------------------------A S SE MB LE RS * C H A I R S ------------------I N C E NT IV E --------------------------C U T - O F F - S A W O P E R A T O R S --------------I N C E NT IV E --------------------------d o u b l e -e n d -t r i m m e r an d b o r i n g M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R S 6 ------------------GL UE KS * R O U G H STOC K -----------------T I M E --------------------------------I N C E NT IV E --------------------------LA TH E OP ER A T O R S , A U T O M A T I C (SET UP AND OPERATE) --- -----------I N CE NT IV E --------------------------L A T H E OP ER A T O R S * A U T O M A T I C (FEED O N L Y ) 4 ------------------- ------* M A I N T A I N E R S * G E N E R A L U T I L I T Y 9-----O F F - B E A R E R S , M A C H I N E ---- -----------T I M E --------------------------------IN C E N T I V E -------------- -----------PA CK ER S* F U R N I T U R E ------------------T I M E --------------------------------I N CE NT IV E --------------------------PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP AND O P E R A T E ) 4 --- -----------RIP SAW O P E R A T O R S -------------------I N CE NT IV E --------------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (SET UP 4N0 O P E R A T E ) 6 --------------R U B B ER S* FU RN IT UR E, H A N D 6-----------SAND ER S, FU RN IT UR E, H A N D -----------I N C E NT IV E --------------------------SAND ER S* F U R N IT UR E, M A C H I N E -------T I M E --------------------------------I N C E NT IV E --------------------------B E L T ----------------------------------- T I M E ------------------------------ I N C E N T I V E ----------------------- * --OT H E R TH AN BE LT ---------------------I N C E NT IV E -------------- ------------ 28 78 11 67 45 6 39 33 4 .1 2 28 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ , 1 _ _ _ _ . 1 1 _ 2 2 _ - 11 11 - 1 1 - 1 _ _ _ 7 _ 14 • 1 - 3 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ » . _ 2 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 _ 1 1 - _ _ . _ _ _ . • . 1 1 - _ - 1 1 - . - _ _ _ 4. 37 4 .8 0 _ 2 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 8 7 1 - 2 2 1 1 1 3 1 ‘ See footn otes at end o f table, _ _ - 1 2 - _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 3 1 1 1 3 3 - • • - - 1 1 - 1 . 1 - - - - 4 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 - 8 8 3 3 5 5 5 - _____ 1 5 5 3 3 2 2 122 101 3 3 3 13 3 13 14 26 13 26 19 8 19 8 5 7 5 7 Table 10. Occupational earnings: Gardner, Mass.1 — Continued (Num ber and a v e ra g e straigh t-tim e h o u rly earnings* o f w o rk e rs in se le cte d occu pation s in w ood household fu rniture, e x ce p t u ph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts. N ovem ber 1974) N u m b e r of workers receiving straight-time hourly % $ $ “5--< t % $ 1 r$ $ 1 ---- i — $ 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2.30 and under 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.3S 2.40 2.45 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 —^— Occupation Number of workers Average hourly earnings 2 s earnings of $ $ $ i $ $ $ S $ f 3.10 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.^0 4.60 4.80 - and 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 over SELECTED OC CU PATIONS— CONTINUED S H A P E * OP E R A T O R S * A U T O M A T I C (SET UP AMD O P E R A T E ) 6 --------------S P R A Y E R S -------------------------------t i m e --------------------------------IN CE NT IV E --------------------------VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS 1 17— -----------6 5 4 3 2 0 9 31 13 18 10 $ 4,48 3.91 3.57 4.15 3*36 ~ ~ — 1 The Gardner area consists of Ashburnham, Athal, Baldwinville, Gardner, and Winchendon. 2 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 3 Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $5 to $5.20; 2 at $ 5 .2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; 2 at $ 5 .4 0 to $ 5 .6 0 ; 2 at $ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 .8 0 ; 1 at $ 5 .8 0 to $6; 1 at $6 to $6.2 0 ; and 2 at $ 6 .6 0 to $ 6 .8 0 . 4 Insufficient data to warrant publication of separate earnings data by mehtod of wage payment; w o rk er s are paid predominantly on an incentive basis. 5 Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $5 to $5.20; and 1 at $ 5 .2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 . 6 Insufficient data to warrant publication of separate earnings data by me ht od of w a g e payment; w o rk er s are paid predominantly on a time basis. at $ 5 .2 0 to $5.40: and 1 at $ 5 .4 0 to 7 Workers were distributed as follows: 8 Workers were at $5 to $ 5 .2 0 . 9 A ll tim e w o r k e r s . 2 2 * * 3 1 1 - - 1 - - 1 1 2 5 2 1 3 1 l f 1 6 4 2 1 2 3 2 3 • » 1 3 j „ _ 4 2 2 1 1 1 3 5 2 1 2 6 1 1 --1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 Worker at $4. 80 to $5. Workers were distributed as follows: 1 at $5 to $ 5 .2 0 ; and 1 at $ 5 .2 0 to $5.4 0 . Workers were distributed as follows: 1 at $ 5 .4 0 to $5. 60; and 1 at $6 to $6.2 0 . Workers were distributed as follows: 1 at $4. 80 to $5; 1 at $ 5 .2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; and 1 at $5. 80 1 Workers were distributed as follows: 5 at $4. 80 to $5; 5 at $5 to $5. 20; 4 at $5. 20 to $5. 40; 4 3 at $ 5 .4 0 to $ 5 .6 0 ; 6 at $ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 .8 0 ; 2 at $ 6 .2 0 to $ 6 .4 0 ; and 1 at $ 6 .4 0 to $ 6 .6 0 . 1 W o r k e r s w e r e distributed as follows: 1 at $ 4 .8 0 to $5; 1 at $ 5 .2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; and 1 at $5 .8 0 5 to $ 6 . 1 Workers were distributed as follows: 1 at $4. 80 to $5; and 1 at $5 .4 0 to $5. 60. 6 1 Workers paid on a time and incentive basis were equally divided. 7 Table 11. Occupational earnings: Grand Rapids, Mich.1 (N um ber and av era g e stra igh t-tim e h ou rly e a rn in g s 2 o f w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occupations in w ood household fu rn itu re, e xce p t u p h olstered , m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) N ber um of w rk o ers Occupation Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— 3 5 Ti 3 f $ "T s Tl Average 2 .0 0 2*10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 h rly ou ea in s 2 and rn g unde i 2.8 2 .9 0 0 *Q 7 fa 60 Od 43 lb 14 1 1X 1X 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2.4Q 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 $ _ 3 •33 3 •32 J * Jo 39 27 27 " 23 3 .0 0 $ 3 .0 0 S $ $ $ s $ $ s s 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 •40 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 •80 3 *90 4 .0 0 s $ S $ 4 .2 0 4 .4 o 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 and 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 cc. 132 105 57 Xf 17 13 4 O C 16 V 9 -a 114 92 oo 3 .1 0 140 nn 99 AI 41 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 •5p 3*60 3 .7 0 144 92 52 136 9b Aa 4Q ftQ 9o XX O O 70 Jc 117 10X 1 1 lb 115 no 9c oo CJ 3 •8Q 3 .9 0 70 cx D O 4 ^ 1 77 *7 f1 1 6 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 over 80 6 112 1/17 IU c 3 f 0 0 2 7 18 2 100 90 A 1 10 42 Jr 5 5 14 14 7 7 “ “ “ 5 6 1, 1 c 3 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS 3*43 J 3 * -ib «> *6 76 14 “ “ 1 1 “ ” ~ “ 3 2 1 ~ -a o « a o COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN 41 24 17 XUJ m . i.j u ul * 1IN l I 1 XVu L N — • DOUBLE-END-TPIMMER AND BORi N G M ATUTM rtOFOATnOQ C “ Ainii>ic vrc.r\ a i u* d * im - ."" 24 HS lb 7 9 7 “ 1 ■ * iicuc KUUt?n o U -t uLUtKbf Dm ir.u CTiirk' Ln ~ ~ M T T A1M A M CDC - /'ICM KA1 IT ILi ' T _ _ •_ _ _ l MAilVl AlNtrfbi O I-JCLAL Ul T TTV “*“ _***” “ C C) 1 MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS / CCT t|r AM ADCL ATT Q n lo t 1 \J Ai'iJ Uri.Hw 1,J\ nrF-PPADC'P^. APHTM ■•••••••••••••» F — U r “ D A'TtKai M r C - 3 • ft 50 PACKERS* rUHMJlU^t ~~— — — — — —— — — — ------— — TIME — ~— -----------— — TM T? T ivr — — — — — — — — — — TPMI TV /F — — —— ————— X» U N N PLANER OPERATORS /CCT IIO Af*r ADCOa : lot- U Am 'S Ur\“ ATCI _ _ — H vu TIME — — — ------- — — _ —— — n t n c a i.i adcda Tmdc _ ____ ^ — ------_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ T IM E ------------------------— — ROUTER OPERATORS (DC Ur A'Nv ' I / mmmm mmmmmmm* IMt ^ MM—M ------- M -L M RUBBERS* FURNITURE* H .N — — — — A O —— 1 1t 1 1 TMrCMTTWC — — — — — — — — — — — 1'NUt mI XVC — — — — — — — — — — — uu-ju-rtra cAMhCoc f rUK'VX lUKCt nANU — ^ u — — I M — D rM JC D riiPMTTiiLf- h ai n — —a .— — — A L K w — cAMncac ci il mt lUKt* > ——— SANDERS. rUKNl Ti iuC. matm f £ — — — — ———— — — T I^E — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ———————— ————— 1 1 ATUCD I n.An d C —— ——————— — U nc.K tpam “ p il t • — • — — — — — — — • 11 1 n u 45 34 15 60 26 34 112 6 3 •6 b 3 •95 2*67 2*61 3• 3.U3 3.2 1 0 6 3*^1 J 0*41 3*24 3• d t1 x 1 a 7^ J* f O L7 O•Df 3*20 1 See footn otes at end o f ta b le . c i ~ “ “ “ b X 4 9 D 3 3 19 11 ft 11 5 2 2 17 1C * b 5 3 6 ~ " ” 2 *yQ 2 .6 3 77 35 1Q ' oc J > 3 * 9b 5 c •36 ■ a b oJ•Jc d *a *>o 6 0 0 8 *0o >7 bt) o*c f 2 3 .5 0 0 1 3.7C 5 I 4 “ 1 1 “ 3 3 “ “ ~ 1 i X 14 13 3 i 5 5 3 3 ” f 3 -s J * 2 2 1 1 " “ “ * 2 2 2 2 “ 14 i /. IH ” " ~ " 7 4 3 3 3 ~ 7 5 2 1 19 2 9 2 1 £ 2 6 12 6 12 i i 6 2 2 1 2 1 3 11 2 10 1 1 3 3 1 3 a * C 1 i t 4 3 ~ * 2 1 “ “ ” 7 4 Kir 4 b Aw < + 3 4 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 6 1 10 “ “ • j 7 f 2 3 3 3 3 5 C 1 1 o -a o -a 0 3 1 1 X 7 c ib i 1 1 11 • a o -a o 3 3 “ 1 b 1 £ 6 19 3 1U 1 7 A o X o c 5 D 1 1 " 6 6 " — J l 3 1 i7 9 10 9 9 “ 5 c 10 7 8 S 6 H 1 1 5 ” " “ 11 1 7 I c j 9 5 8 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 j 12 6 5 3 7 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 2 7 •1 1 1 2 1 4 1 2 1 2 “ 2 3 * “ 1 1 3 1 1 i 4 4 4 3 4 4 b 2 1 6 b 2 l ” 6 18 18 1 1 10 c b 1 1 £ 1 ” 1 ~ OrtKAiUrb 3 5 5 3 7 3 .5 3 19 1 1 i X i 16 4 lo “ g 3 3 ~ ~ “ ” " 1 1 1 2 0 2 2 3 i 2 i 1 -1 1 c . 1 2 1 2 7 “ 2 ~ “ • 5 16 SHAPER OPERATORS* HAND lo t 1 UP ANU yrtrf# Cl 40 3 7 O 2 -a « u o# 7rt 3 •b3 * ot a 15 2 -a o lB ln 1u 6A -a o b 0 1 8 q 15 n 7 3# 4b 39 n .i 1 1 D•cL i m w xv u ir!L v U 1“ Ur r "ottw urc.«f* 1v Kj ~ g -a D C n 1U 0 ? 2 6 2 1 1 “ 3 2 1 1 1 -a J o C 1 1 1 6 ”* 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 6 2 2 6 6 n 4 1 l “ ~ 2 2 i “ l 7 2 2 7 7 f 2 1 — 1 1 1 7 fa 3 3 — 4 4 4 4 ~ 2 1 1 0 D 2 2 ~ 9 7 1 6 fe 2 2 1 1 1 1 ” 2 2 1 * * ~ ” 3 3 l 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 ii 2 11 1 1 — 8 11 8 d 3 7 6 9 7 7 2 1 l 6 4 5 3 i l 4 1 4 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 X 1 1 7 1 1 ■„ ~ 1 1 “ z z _ _ _ Table 11. Occupational earnings: Grand Rapids, Mich.1 — Continued (Number and average straight-time hourly earnings2 of workers in selected occupations in wood household furniture, except upholstered, manufacturing establishments, November 1974) Occupation Number of workers Average hourly earnings ^ s— s S $--- T 2. 0 0 2 . 1 0 2.20 2.30 Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— 1--- *--1--- $— $ $ S * S $ $ $ £ S S $ $ S $— 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.0C 3.10 3.23 3.30 3.4o 3.So 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4,00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 and under 2 10 • and 2 .2 0 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3«M 3.10 3.20 3.301 3.4Q 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.90 i iim A . ..2Q 4.40 4.60 5.00 .over SELECTED OCCUPATIONS— CCNTINUEO SPRAYERS TIME OPERATORS » AND OPERATE) ---TIME RIETY- ■SAW OPERATORS---TIME $ 3.18 93' 3.15 111 16 10 33 27 3.72 3.75 3.67 3.72 The G rand R apids Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea, c o n s ists o f Kent and Ottawa Coun- 2.40 2 E xclu des p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eeken ds, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. Table 12. Occupational eamings: Hickory-Statesville, N.C.1 (N um ber and a v e ra g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u rly e a rn in g e 2 of w o rk e rs In s e le c te d o cc u p atio n s in wood h o u seh o ld f u r n itu r e , ex c e p t u p h o ls te re d , m a n u fa c tu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts , N o v em b e r 1974) N um ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of— Occupation Number of workers A ve rag e hourly earnings 2 11* 4 7 5 11*248 227 $ 2 2 3 ' .9 5 .9 4 .5 4 1 ---- 1---- 3 ---- 3 S $---- S $ $ $ S s S S 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .10 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3.8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .10 4 .20 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .80 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .10 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7,9 3_._80_ 3 . 9 0 4 * M 4 .10 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 *t§.(L over 270 265 375 367 516 504 932 1019 1128 912 882 4 17 11 15 343 334 - 12 13 5 390 27 522 515 8 880 2 631 S 880 2 911 8 10 11 8 877 858 640 932 1003 998 882 145 9 9 15 15 3 3 7 7 27 93 132 81 132 41 115 115 157 93 157 81 42 AQ HC S 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 2 .2 0 73 153 73 2 .0 0 3 ---- S S 3 --- t 3 3 ---- and under 2 .1 0 ALL P R O D U C T I O N W O R K E R S -------------T I M E -------------- ----------------I N C E N T I V E -------- ------------------ 1 ---2 .3 0 1 ---- $ . 4 , - 5 0' and ’ * 1 19 9 77 63 55 29 7 9 120 115 146 131 106 95 32 29 37 18 14 8 26 15 11 3 19 6 22 17 5 28 5 20 8 20 3 3 6 2 4 - 4 - - - - 4 - * “ 1 1 1 - 4 “ ** ~ 4 * ** ** 6 SELECTED OCCUPA TI ON S3 AS S E M B L E R S * E X C E P T C H A I R S ---------T I M E -------------- -----------------C O M P L E T E P I E C E S (CASE GOODS) — ------TI ME " ” * *" *" w " " " * ^ " * * ^ ™ * * C O M P L E T E P I E C E S (OTHER T H AN C A SE GOODS) ----------------------------------------------------S U B A S S E M B L I E S ------------ -------------------------------------T I M E --------------------------------------------------------------------AS S E M B L E R S * C H A I R S CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS — — — — — — D O U B L E - E N D - T R I M M E R AND B O R I N G M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R S ---------------------------------------GL UE RS * R O U G H STOC K — — — ——— — — — L A T H E OP E R A T O R S * A U T O M A T I C (SET UP AND OPERATE) --------------------------------L A T H E OP E R A T O R S , A U T O M A T I C (FEED ONLY) — — — — — — — M A I N T A I N E R S , GE N E R A L U T I L I T Y --------------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (SET UP AND OP ERATE) --------------------------------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) -------------------------------------------------------OFF-BEARERS* MACHINE — — — — — — PACK ER S* F U R N I T U R E — ----------------------------------PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) — — —— — — PLANER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) — — — — — — — — — RIP SAW O P E R A T O R S -------------------POUTER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OP ERATE) --------------R O UT ER O P E R A T O R S (FEED ONLY) --------------------------t i m e --------------------------------RU BB ER S* FU R N I T U R E * HA ND ------- ---RUBB ER S* FU R N I T U R E * M A C H I N E ------— SA NO ER S* F U R N I T U R E * HA N D ------- ---TIME — — — — — — — — — I N C E NT IV E -------------------------------------------------------SA NDERS* FU RN I T U R E . M A C H I N t ----------------B E L T -------------------------------------------------------------------------O T HE R TH A N BELT ---------------------SH A P E R OP ER A T O R S * A U T O M A T I C (SET UP AND OPERATE) --------------S H A P E R OP ER A T O R S * A U T O M A T I C (FEED ONLY) — — — — — — — See footn otes at end o f ta b le . 1*148 1*10 4 474 2 .9 6 2 .9 3 27 7 142 532 111 116 65 131 3 .0 1 2 .8 7 2 .8 3 2 .6 4 “ 2 - - • 9 9 15 3 3 5 20 15 5 10 10 5 4 20 7 5 - - 27 46 30 *»C*I fD f 388 53 10 206 - 70 3 .3 2 - 3 .18 - 3 59 59 19 10 33 11 23 19 2 Q O 2 9 6 - 4 22 19 17 4 1 2 3 9 18 46 35 35 13 49 49 14 40 40 22 69 8 54 23 94 69 54 94 21 18 18 4 3 6 10 12 10 4 2 4 8 12 1 1 6 9 5 3 6 7 3 7 b 1 - 1 - 3 1 1 7 13 2 17 2 - 4 3 2 13 33 16 12 28 12 28 12 11 23 15 6 19 10 8 7 8 4 oc CD 4 13 3 3 7 2 2 l 4 3 4 5 1 1 3 3 11 18 3 11 - c 4 - 2 18 29 - 10 - - _ - - 3 .3 4 - - - . . - - 2 4 3 - 2 .8 5 2 .6 1 22 12 “ 28 2 31 2 79 6 1 154 5 3 3 121 15 5 12 16 16 21 47 79 37 24 2 9 2 .7 0 1 112 63 23 16 9 2 - 1 2 7 7 1 11 3 3 5 3 7 11 10 34 1 39 1 35 1 26 14 2 10 5 14 7 4 3 11 4 2 11 4 2 * 2 - 1 5 - - 4 “ - - 1 ” 14 “ - 2 “ • “ 2 - - - 1 ~ 4 5 - 2 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 - - - “ • ~ ~ ” 3 - - * “ “ 1 22 22 “ * “ “ ~ * “ 9 3 .0 7 50b 2 .7 0 143 646 3 .0 0 2 .5 8 O C2. 5 - 2 1 1 1 2 .9 2 36 3 .3 1 - 1 2 .9 o 3 .3 2 3 .0 4 3 .13 137 49 2 - 17 729 430 299 A IH 43 A1 46 53 10 3 .1 1 3 .13 - 3 .0 7 OC7 91 ft 1 t ! 41 25 DJ 3 .3 0 2 .7 8 3 .2 9 80 71 73 41 31 5 2 .9 2 42 104 30 30 - 3 .16 3 .2 4 134 134 2 3 .0 3 2 500 92 92 - 5 - - 2 5 - - - - - . - 58 - 27 66 66 27 1 2 1 2 33 40 1 78 - 4 4 53 10 8 10 30 8 115 62 16 104 16 15 ” 8 2 2 2 1 4 * * 2 1 1 1 * * * “ “ 4 2 5 2 10 6 2 18 12 1 2 4 2 12 - - - “ “ 12 • b 10 2 62 36 14 4 134 11 1 63 101 42 1 37 29 46 - - 1 - 1 2 2 2 1 2 - 9 9 “ 1 8 1 “ • ” 15 22 24 21 “ - b 85 23 “ - 24 51 34 16 - 2 24 24 - 2 5 20 12 45 3 2 3 - 58 26 7 14 14 2 1 - 22 36 23 8 73 13 3 17 - 19 _ 8 3 42 18 24 - 5 • 3 3 45 100 4 - - 3 8 12 73 11 2 117 117 78 - 5 1 6 97 97 - 5 5 - 3 ** • 1 3 52 46 1 * * 2 - - w - - - 15 6 9 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - 1 26 33 21 8 6. 9 2 - 4 8 7 - 3 7 1 - 1 1 1 2 2 ” ~ “ “ ” “ 1 4 2 ~ “ “ “ “ ~ “ “ " “ “ “ “ " “ Table 12. Occupational earnings: Hickory-Statesvllle, N.C.1— Continued (N um ber and a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in s e le c te d o cc u p atio n s in wood h o u seh o ld f u r n itu r e , e x c e p t u p h o ls te re d , m a n u fa c tu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts , N o v em b e r 1974) N um ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings o f— J--- "5--- t --5 --- - --- - --- --- "5- T T S $ S S S S i $ s S 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .7 0 2.80 $ 2.20 2.60 S 2 .10 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .5 0 , 2.10 2 .20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 * 7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3«8Q 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 * 5 0 over - - - - - 12 12 5 8 8 "1 Occupation N u m b er o f w orkers A v era g e 2 .00 h o u rly ea rn in g s 2 ^ --- S 1 1 1 --- S 1 and .under and . SELECTED OCCUPATIONS--CONTINUED SHAPER OPERATORS* HAND (SET UP AND O P ER AT E)--------- ---SPRAYERS — — — — — — — — $ 38 3 .5 6 54 0 3 .0 7 t i m e -------------------- ------------— ------------------ 5 3 2 TENONER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------------- -----TENONER OPERATORS 58 2 .8 3 - 1 - - 1 12 12 30 4 7 5 9 6 2 3 .4 0 pA C0 17 VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS --------------— -------T I M E ------------------------ ------------------------------ 3 .0 5 97 3 .3 8 81 3 .2 3 5 17 30 4 7 4 5 - 2 . - _ _ 2 2 5 9 2 2 6 6 7 7 9 9 5 6 6 2 2 101 101 1 4 12 8 1 2 11 11 1 O c 5 5 5 5 4 5 6 2 60 60 7 7 5 21 21 5 6 6 2 6 1 2 1 1 12 . _ _ • • • - - - 2 9 12 1 7 8 6 _ _ • - - - - 14 3 1 _ - . . 1 1 1 12 3 3 3 5 14 16 2 1 ‘ 1 The H ick ory — S ta te sv ille a re a co n s ists o f Burke, Caldw ell, Catawba, and I r e d e ll Counties, 2 E x clu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w eekends, h olid a ys, and late shifts. - _ 2 9 E xcep t w here in dica ted , all o r n ea rly all w o rk e rs w e re tim e rated. 4 Table 13. Occupational earnings: Indiana (N um ber and a v era g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly earnings 1 o f w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occupations in w ood h ousehold furniture, excep t u ph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) Number o f wres okr Occupation ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS -----------T I M E ---------------------------INCENTIVE ---------------------- Number ~S--- 1 --- S r s— S $ $ S Average 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2 . 8 0 2.90 3.00 h u l TTrwIor 2.30 ory erig 1 anns % 2.30 under 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2 ,8 Q 2,90 3.00 3.10 9.242 4.326 4.916 $ 3.52 i.29 3.73 1.521 458 1.063 920 198 722 71 28 43 90 30 60 3.76 3.22 3.99 4.09 3.31 4.31 25 25 15 16 - - 15 5 . 5 16 • 51 44 550 253 297 98 to 52 4.26 4.50 3.16 3.17 3.15 3.50 3.45 3.56 - _ - 113 63 158 122 77 45 108 67 41 183 125 58 9 9 27 15 365 760 572 188 468 320 148 573 224 349 70 47 23 40 27 13 94 52 42 41 55 29 26 21 11 10 59 14 45 24 24 7 23 13 1 1 1 1 - 53 44 9 5 . - 5 - 23 9 - 31 3 29 5 218 147 of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— -5--- s S S 1 --- $ r$— S 1 --- s $ S "5--- 1 ---$ S $ 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.40 5.8o and 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3,60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00. 4,20 4,40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.40 5.80 over 463 952 158 406 305 546 907 350 557 897 449 448 269 136 133 119 116 134 62 72 94 62 32 514 297 217 645 333 312 399 234 165 327 134 193 165 39 126 241 94 147 138 37 56 43 13 30 37 70 14 26 35 1 12 101 126 37 89 103 28 75 134 23 23 _ 23 23 23 6 42 6 3 42 42 3 42 18 18 15 15 _ _ . • 3 1 . 3 - - • • . 7 7 3 3 3 3 - - . . • _ _ - • - 60 11 49 111 98 311 13 298 9 138 120 22 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS assemblers. EXCEPT CHAIRS --------TIME -------------------------INCENTIVE ---------------------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) ----T I M E ---------------------------INCENTIVE------------------ ---COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN CASE GOODS) --------------------INCENTIVE ---------------------SUBASSEMBLIES ------------- ------T I M E ---------------------------INCENTIVE ---------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS ------------T lnt 1 T MC -**"’ i ’ ******-** INCENTIVE ---------------------DOUBLE-END-TRIMMER AND BORING MACHINE OPERATORS ---------------INCENTIVE ---------------------GLUERS. ROUGH STOCK --------------INCENTIVE MAINTAINERS. GENERAL UTILITY------T I M E ------------ --------------INCENTIVE ------------- --------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) — — ------- — INCENTIVE ---------------------FF-BEARERS. M A CH IN E--------- ----INCENTIVE ------- ---------- ----PACKERS. FURNITURE ------ ----— ---TIME INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------ — PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE ) 4 ------------------------ — RIP SAW OPERATORS4 -------------- — ------- — --------ROUTER OPERATORS (SET UR AND OPERATE) ------------t i m e ---------------------------INCENTIVE ----------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY ) 5 --------- ------------RUBBERS. FURNITURE. HAND -----------------------T TMF INCENTIVE -----------------------------------------------------RUBBERS. FURNITURE. MACHINE — — time — — — — — — — — INCENTIVE ----------------------------------------------------SANDERS. FURNITURE. HAND -----------------------TI ME S ee fo o tn o tes a t end of table, 1 1 - 24 24 - 12 2 4 4 - - _ - - - 2 - 23 . 16 16 - . _ . 3.48 3.75 3.27 •3.43 4.11 3.52 4.85 . . - 5 5 . _ - 1 1 1 1 3.60 3.84 3.32 2.92 3.53 3.46 “ 3.67 1 2 6 4 3 7 . . - • • 140 3.51 3.57 - 1 2 4 3 - 176 52 124 4.09 3.30 4.4 2 . - - - • - - — - - 8 1 6 10 2.81 3.45 3.24 3.59 3.33 3.37 3.04 3.45 - 3 - 1 - - - - - — 14 - 12 - - - - • - 4 15 - - - - - 101 119 66 53 61 19 245 84 161 303 117 186 21 242 99 143 78 69 9 509 219 290 _ 1 10 - 10 11 11 2 “ _ 6 O 1o Jo 1 J 11 12 2 c 1 1 _ - 1 1 10 1 1 2 19 1C T ID 4 11 . 10 3 3 28 1A lo 10 23 1A 1© O , 3 10 8 2 2 5 4 7 - 3 13 3 3 6 1 1 1 6 2 11 3 8 32 4 62 150 115 35 27 9 9 41 16 25 5 21 4 4 19 1 18 1 1 9 - 18 1 3 3 6 6 16 16 4 4 4 3 8 8 11 8 3 1 18 c 3 13 23 4 38 1Q 19 16 7 7 33 33 1 1 3 3 24 8 32 34 52 32 20 3 3 11 - 11 7 3 5 4 5 5 4 4 - 10 1 1 21 11 1J 1 1 2 1 1 65 22 19 3 8 7 3 12 44 33 10 26 23 . - 2 21 22 1“ 2 2 _ 2 11 3 4 3 8 8 5 2 3 • • 1 - . 7 4 2 8 1 1 14 6 15 25 14 8 13 - 6 • - - - - 1 19 19 18 51 1 5 1 32 19 15 12 14 - 9 71 41 30 6 • 4 2 - - 8 - 8 - 3 71 2 1 14 47 14 10 4 57 30 28 1 1 2 - > 2 27 • 7 33 20 7 33 - . 3 . 3 - _ _ . . 6 6 _ 7 3 3 3 7 3 3 60 14 1 1 11 2 5 3 _ _ • » 9 5 8 14 5 5 1 1 8 1 1 5 1 10 _ _ 4 4 - 11 11 11 1 8 7 5 5 7 11 - 25 8 _ _ . 9 13 9 3 2 2 . 3 32 - 12 1 1 1 1 1 • . 6 1 7 3 3 1 2 5 . 5 - 11 1 10 16 26 1 2 2 5 4 n 10 11 2 1 1 5 9 13 1 2 1 5 5 3 3 23 17 7 3 5 4 5 5 7 28 _ . 7 _ 7 _ 4 6 6 • 35 28 _ _ _ 13 1 1 1 4 16 e © 1 12 - 1 1 8 8 26 2 10 7 23 cc 33 10 10 14 13 18 3 4 •a © 15 5 13 4 1 5 4 12 58 55 7 48 10 - 10 6 2 3 _ 5 1A 3 3 11 23 - - 9 9 2 13 A V 2 66 98 66 2 - - o c • 20 2 96 6 5 1 2 34 14 20 32 - - 1 1 33 18 15 85 63 63 3 - 3.00 3.79 7 7 - 8 33 86 1 - 6 8 7 18 4 3 - — - 18 41 41 4 3 1 8 8 3 1 11 8 3 11 - 11 4 4 ' 7 3 2 _ 2 1 13 2 3 3 1 1 12 2 3 3 • _ 10 1 12 • 1 - - • 1 • 1 • • • - 5 10 9 3 - — - 1 - - - 43 20 17 7 9 3 f 6 42 33 20 14 7 3 6 3 f * 1 . . 1 1 3 15 15 • . _ 16 16 1 _ _ 327 • • 27 • - - - - . 6 • . 6 9 9 . . . • 3 4 _ - 76 3 1 - _ 2 5 9 9 - _ 2 - 9 2138 - 129 • - 129 - - 58 16 - - - 15 • 15 • • - ▼ • - 3 9 28 - 3 9 28 Table 13. Occupational earnings: Indiana — Continued (N um ber and a vera ge s tr a ig h t-tim e hourly earnings 1 o f w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occu pation s in w ood household fu rn itu re, excep t uph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) oj Number of w orkers receiv in g stra ig h t-tim e hourly earnings of— S % S S $ $ $ — S S S S $ $ $ " S $ $ 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.4o 3.50 3.60 3.7o 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.40 5.80 o t * f © o ro S i S $ $ S Average 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.60 hourly earnings 1 Under and $ 2.30 under 2.40 2.50 2.6 0 2.70 2.80 2.90 w Occupation Number of workers and 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.40 5.80 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS— CONTINUED 10 01 SANDERS* FURNITURE, MACHINE ------T I M E -----------------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------B E L T -------------------------------T I M E -----------------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------OTHER THAN BELT -------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------SHAPER OPERATORS. AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------INCENTIVE -----------------------SHAPER OPERATORS. HAND (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------TTMF INCENTIVE ------------------- ----SPRAYERS ----------------------------t i m e -----------------------------INCENTIVE --------------- -------TEN0NER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) --- ----------T I M E -----------------------------INCENTIVE ------------- ----------VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS — — ---------T I M E ---- ------- -«*--------- - - - - INCENTIVE ------------------------- 530 232 298 353 134 219 177 79 $ 3.40 3.20 3.56 3.41 3.12 3.59 3.39 3.50 46 32 3.58 3.63 - 37 18 19 651 285 366 3.51 3.42 3.60 3.69 3.40 3.92 - - - - - - - - . - - . 8 8 ,1 . 5 - 1 _ 13 13 - _ 50 27 23 79 30 49 126 33 93 3.65 3.53 3.73 3.38 3.05 3.50 - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - 1 - - 1 3 - 1 1 - 1 11 20 17 il 9 10 1 2 2 - - 1 - 11 8 9 22 8 1 8 8 16 - 6 11 8 11 27 14 13 19 14 5 S 3 8 8 46 30 16 43 30 13 3 3 - - - 1 1 3 - - 1 2 - 11 2 - 9 1 1 1 - - - - - 3 2 3 1 ' 11 3 3 1 4 7 32 4 28 20 - 59 24 35 37 6 31 53 16 37 52 16 36 45 23 38 18 20 8 29 3 68 20 20 20 12 8 22 4 1 1 30 3 3 3 3 2 2 4 4 3 3 8 8 2 - - 8 37 27 10 37 26 11 8 _ _ _ 22 16 6 16 10 6 6 14 3 10 1 1 14 2 1 8 1 1 8 6 2 30 73 6 20 8 24 53 116 45 71 44 31 13 1 1 - — 5 4 _ 2 40 16 24 7 - 23 12 2 10 10 2 8 2 2 _ _ 2 1 1 15 71 57 14 5 5 8 9 2 1 8 11 23 13 7 5 1 12 2 10 2 18 12 5 18 13 3 10 9 3 3 5 3 6 6 3 3 6 5 5 3 5 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 _ 2 2 13 12 12 2 11 11 2 12 9 2 7 4 3 6 12 _ _ 2 2 2 2 14 15 IS 25 24 2 _ 2 2 12 1 11 3 _ 6 8 2 1 1 10 9 1 5 - _ 4 4 4 4 3 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 1 6 _ - 3 . 3 3 _ 3 12 . _ 12 6 . 6 6 6 _ _ 3 3 1 1 _ _ _ « , _ _ . _ 27 30 • 27 30 _ _ 9 9 . • 4 4 4 1 . 4 _ _ _ 2 1 1 . _ _ 2 1 * * ' E xclud es prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. 2 W orkers w ere d istrib u ted as follow s: 9 at $ 6 .2 0 to $ 6 .6 0 ; and 129 at $ 7 .4 0 to $ 7 . 8 0 . 3 W orkers w ere at $ 7 .4 0 to $ 7 .8 0 . 4 In su fficien t data to w arrant publication of sep arate earnings data by m ethod of w age paym ent 47 18 29 27 18 9 w ork ers are paid predom inantly on a tim e b a sis. 5 Insu fficien t data to w arrant publication of sep a ra te earnings data by method of Wage payment; w ork ers are predom inantly on an in centive b a sis. Table 14. Occupational earnings: Jamestown, N.Y.1 (N um ber and a v era g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o rk e rs in se le cte d occupations in w ood h ousehold fu rniture, excep t u p h o lste re d , m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem b er 1974) Number Average workers earnings7 3 ------- S S 2.00 2 . 1 0 and under and 2 .10 ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS ------------T I M E -----------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------- 2.20 11 $ 1 ,0 6 0 401 659 Number of w orkers receiv in g stra ig h t-tim e hourly earnings of— s — S S T — S S S S S $ S S S S S s $ * S S "5--2,30 2.40 2.50 2.6 0 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50 S 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 2 .88 5 42 40 52 41 3.49 6 2 11 32 27 5 3.35 2.81 3.58 3.34 3.79 3.39 3.50 3.07 3.28 3.22 3.45 - 9 9 - - 3.26 41 19 53 22 31 3 5 4 22 73 37 36 58 20 38 57 19 38 48 18 30 7 4 3.10 3,20 3.30 3,4 q 3,50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.5Q 47 13 34 39 16 23 38 14 24 57 39 18 49 9 40 45 7 30 33 5 28 40 14 26 44 9 35 6 2 8 8 . 5 _ 5 11 • 11 3 3 9 9 8 2 6 2 2 2 • _ 2 2 • - 6 6 . . - - 1 1 29 17 3 14 62 5 57 3 4 4 3 4 25 3 22 14 2 3 2 2 3 2 _ «. 2 2 3 5 17 10 10 6 15 31 4 27 22 23 over 1 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS ASSEMBLERS* EXCEPT CHAIRS 3------------------t i m e ------------------------------------------------------------ INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) ---------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------SUBASSEMBLIES -------------------------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS ----------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------GLUERS* ROUGH STOCK --------------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------LATHE OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) ----------------------------INCENTIVE — — — — — — — MAINTAINERS, GENERAL UTILITY 5-----------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS! (SET UP AND OPERATE) — — — — — TNiTENTTVE — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — OFF-BEARERS, MACHINE ------------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------PACKERS, FURNITURE ----------------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------------------------------PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE ) 7-------------RIP SAW OPERATORS ------------------INCENTIVE ------------------------RUBBERS, FURNITURE, HAND: T I M E -----------------------------RUBBERS, FURNITURE, MACHlNt ----- — INCENTIVE ------------------------SANDERS, FURNITURE, HAND ----------in c e n t iv e ------------------------SANDERS, FURNITURE, MACHINE ------T T M F ___________ -----_____ ------INCENTIVE ------------------------B E L T --------------------------------TIME — -------— --- - - - - - - - - - - - INCENTIVE ------------------------OTHER THAN BELT 10— — — — — — — — SHAPER OPERATORS, HAND (SET UP AND OPERATE ) 11 -------------SPRAYERS ----------------------------TTMF — — — — — — — — — — — INCENTIVE -----------------------TENONER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------INCENTIVE ------------------------ See footn otes at end o f table, 137 41 96 57 29 72 62 19 14 14 11 - 9 - - - - 3 - 3 - - 3 - 3 3 - 1 5 1 1 1 9 5 4 - 6 5 5 - 1 3 5 2 2 3 2 - 7 2 5 3 1 3 3 - 6 3 3 5 3 3 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 - 3 2 . _ 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 9 3.55 3.78 26 3 .2 6 _ - _ _ 1 _ _ 1 1 1 10 8 - 9 3 - 4 3 - 11 7 37 18 4.36 4.51 3.04 3.30 2.87 3.30 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 5 5 3 2 8 2 1 1 1 1 6 6 1 1 2 9 34 24 3.69 3.59 3.90 - - - 1 1 1 3 1 8 - - _ • 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 l 39 2.59 3.54 3.48 3.03 3.42 3.17 2.65 3.40 3.25 2.75 3.38 10 2.80 6 3.70 3.53 3.30 3.60 85 62 30 28 27 13 59 18 41 49 10 56 13 43 11 9 4.U7 4.26 4 - 6 - 3 - - - - 1 1 4 1 - 3 - 1 1 1 1 - - - 2 2 1 1 3 1 - _ - - - - - - - - - - 6 6 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 4 - - 3 - 2 2 - 2 » - 4 8 2 , 3 2 4 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 1 - 1 _ 9 6 3 3 7 1 4 1 2 2 3 3 4 _ . _ 4 3 _ 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 6 6 _ _ _ - _ « 1 1 1 5 3 - - 5 1 1 3 - _ 9 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 . 2 3 - 8 2 6 ~ l 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 _ _ - 1 2 2 _ 2 1 1 - _ _ 1 1 _ _ 1 3 1 1 2 _ _ - - _ - 5 2 4 4 1 1 3 2 4 2 4 4 4 _ 3 C 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 1 2 I - 1 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 - “ - 63 _ 1 1 1 I I 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 - 4 ] 2 2 • - 1 1 1 4 3 2 - 4 3 3 2 2 _ - 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 - - - _ _ _ _ _ 2 6 6 3 2 1 - 3 1 2 3 2 1 . 3 _ . - _ _ - - - - - 1 1 1 1 _ 3 1 1 _ _ 81 9b _ _ 1 1 1 _ 4 _ 1 1 _ 1 1 1 2 _ • 2 1 1 2 1 3 5 5 _ 1 1 1 1 2 1 _ 2 2 _ _ 3 3 I 1 _ _ - 3 1 1 1 1 1 . 3 - - 1 1 1 3 ~ 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 “ - . 1 - 1 1 - 3 I “ 1 1 4 3 4 1 I I _ _ 4 3 1 1 3 3 I 1 1 1 4 1 A A I 1 2 2 I _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 _ 2 2 3 7 7 2 1 6 6 _ 3 . 3 2 2 1 _ 4 - 1 1 5 2 1 1 5 4 2 1 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 - 13 2 - 2 - _ - - _ 12 1 5 1 Table 14. Occupational earnings: Jamestown, N.Y.1— Continued (N um ber and av era g e s tr a ig h t-tim e hourly e a rn in g s 2 o f w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occu pation s in w ood household fu rn itu re, e xce p t u p h o lste re d , m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) io 's i 1 The Jam estow n a re c o n s is t s o f Chautauqua County. E x clu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holid ays and late shifts. 3 Inclu des w o r k e r s in c la s s ific a tio n in addition to those shown sep arately. 4 W o r k e r s w e re d istrib u te d as fo llo w s : 2 at $ 4 .5 0 to $ 4 .6 0 ; and 1 at $ 5 .4 0 to $ 5 .5 0 . 5 A ll tim e w o r k e r s . 6 W o r k e r s w e re d istrib u te d as fo llo w s: 1 at $ 4 .5 0 to $ 4 .6 0 ; 1 at $ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 .7 0 ; and 1 at $ 6 .7 0 to $ 6. 80. 7 A ll in cen tive w o r k e r s . 2 8 W o rk e r at $ 5 . 50 to $ 5 . 60. 9 W ork ers w e re distribu ted as fo llo w s : 3 at $ 4 .5 0 to $ 4 .6 0 ; 1 at $ 5 .1 0 to $ 5 .2 0 ; 1 at $ 5 .2 0 to $ 5 .3 0 ; and 1 at $ 5 .9 0 to $6 . 10 In su fficien t data to w arrant p ub lication of separate earnings data by m ethod of wage paym ent; w o rk e rs a re paid predom in an tly on a tim e b a s is . 1 1 W o rk e rs paid on a tim e and in cen tive b a s is w ere equally divided. 12 W o rk e r at $ 4 . 60 to $4 . 70. 3 13 W ork e rs w e re distribu ted as fo llo w s : 1 at $5 to $ 5 . 10; and 1 at $ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 .7 0 . Table 15. Occupational earnings: Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif.1 (N um ber and a vera ge s tra igh t-tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occupations in w ood household fu rn itu re, excep t uph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) Num ber o f w ork ers re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of— O ccupation ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS ------------- Average r_ --------- 1 --------- workers earnings 2 i % $ $ $ $ $ 5 S $ S % $ S S $ $ S $ 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2 .6 0 2.7 o 2.80 2.90 3 .0 0 3.20 3 .40 3.6 0 3 .80 4 .00 4 .2 0 4.4U 4 .60 4 .80 5 .0 0 5.2 0 5.4 0 5 .60 5 .80 6.00 2.10 Number 2 .20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2 .60 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .90 3.00 3 .2 0 3.40 3 .60 3 .80 4 .00 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4.80 5.00 5 .20 5.4 0 5.60 5 .8 0 6.00 over 128 150 29 78 24 85 105 330 18 - _ 66 - *66 --- S --- $ and under and 5 .9 4 4 $ 3,4 2 87 2 201 300 194 187 278 178 194 77 103 301 232 482 250 301 352 348 165 736 248 3.4 6 4 .1 3 48 - 16 - 69 24 29 - 16 45 24 18 12 27 15 - 3 - 54 41 - 45 19 56 37 47 61 25 • . . _ - l 13 26 25 6 25 - - - - - 173 315 3 .52 7 41 7 f - 21 24 11 18 9 - - 21 6 7 8 1 2 8 18 1 42 20 6 1 25 5 16 6 49 6 126 - 2 6 17 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS ASSEMBLERS* EXCEPT CHAIRS ---------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) ------------COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN CASE GOODS) ----------------------------------------------------------SUBASSEMBLIES -------------------------------------------------------AbStMHLtKb * C H A I N S — — — — — — CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS -----------------------------------d o u b l f - e n d - t r i m m e r a n d BORING MACHINE OPERATORS --------------------------------------------GLUEKS 9 KDUbn b TULIN • • • • • * • • • • • • • LATHE OPERATORS* AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) -----------------------------------MAINTAJNERS* GENERAL UTILITY ---------------molding machine 1 14 27 - 7 - - 1 l oA 29 4 .7 9 - - - - . - - - 12 - - 3.b8 4*30 - - - - 1? - 7 - i i - - 23 44 4 .0 0 4 .4 4 - - 28 1 1“ 11Q 94163 33 U - - - - - - - - 12 - on cU - 1 - - - - - - - - - - 12 6 - - - - 27 2 - - - - - 24 430 7 6 - - - - - 2 2 - - 4 18 - - - - 5 - 6 - 6 - • 5 3 3 2 1 5 1 -J i d Qtr J . uc 3 .19 4 .1 9 ?T CA 1V 1A CO - - - ' - £ - 11 1 -3 - ' cu ?n - 1 O c • 1 Zl 16 £ D 3 .2 8 276 4 .0 5 2 .58 3 .1 6 260 J. o 3.0 8 4 .5 4 12 - - - - - 61 58 23 7 63 - - - 25 4 .7 2 370 4 .0 0 43 43 7 7 12 12 7 7 12 12 31 31 25 8 7 7 7 2 14 - - - 17 36 - 25- - - - - - - - 7 8 C AO 3.UC J •OH The L os A n g ele s— Long Beach Standard M etrop olitan S tatistical A re a , - 25 12 - - 25 - - - 13 7 1 40 2 c o n s ists o f L os A n geles and late sh ifts. 2 * 2 13 W ork ers W ork ers W ork ers W ork e rs w e re w e re w e re w e re 40 13 - 2 2 14 - Z 1 12 - - c 2 .. 24 - - - - - - 8 2 • 24 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 23 19 5 37 1 36 i i 14 - - - - 2 1 2 - - - - 4 52 - - - 8 - - - - 12 11 69 32 45 38 18 10 6 - - - 24 la 1U ic l? 11 7 1 1 10 5 29 5 11 46 14 8 1 3 4 5 6 11 11 c 1 1 - 20 ° 6 101 5 .2 7 39 - 3 1* S 1J o 7 7 3.41 39 434 1O id 2 c o - E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olid ays, A ll p rod u ction w o rk e rs w e re paid on a tim e b a s is . 7 73 CA “ U County. 2 6 41 1c 5 operators (SET UP AND OPERATE) — — — — OFF-OC ARfc-KS* M A C H I N E —— — — — — PACKERS* FURNITURE — — — — — — RIP SAW OPERATORS — ------------- -- -------------- -- -------ROUTER OPERATORS # c r T i i“ a MH (5CT U n A ND A D C O AlTIIrT l/ Urr Kf ROUTER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) — — — — — — — RUBBERS* FURNITURE. HAND --------------------------SANDERS. FURiNlTURE* H A N D ---------------------------SANDERS. FURNITURE. MACHINE ------------------B E L T ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------OTHLR THAN b t L 1 SHAPER OPERATORS,(AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) --------------------- -------- — SHAPER OPERATORS. HAND (SET UP AND OPERATE) - — ---------------— SPRAYERS ----------------------------------------------------TEN0NER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE 1 — — — — — — VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS — — — — 2.90 3 .14 1 4 1 4 1 i 1 1 - 1A ID 10 d istribu ted as fo llo w s : 58 at $ 6 to $ 6 .2 0 : and 8 at $ 6 .2 0 to $ 6 .4 0 . at $ 6 to $ 6 .2 0 . at $ 6 .2 0 to $ 6 .4 0 . d istribu ted as follow s* 4 at $ 6 to $ 6 .2 0 ; and 4 at $ 6 .2 0 to $ 6 .4 0 . 6 2 4^ - 68 Table 16. Occupational earnings: Louisville, Ky.-lnd.1 (N um ber and a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in s e le c te d o cc u p atio n s in wood h o u seh o ld f u r n itu r e , ex c e p t u p h o ls te re d , m a n u fa c tu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts , N o v em b e r 1974) O ccup ation Number of workers $ Average hourly earnings 1 2 2 .20 S S S s S S 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 . 8 0 and under and 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 a ll p r o d u c t io n workers ------------------------ : 1*288 T I M E ------------------------------------------------------476 INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------812 $ 4 .2 2 3 .4 1 4 .7 o N um ber o f w o rk e rs r e c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings o f— s S 1 ------- 1 ------ % S $ S s * . 'S S "5------ "5------ s — S * 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 o 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 2 .5 0 2 . 6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 40 7 33 98 13 85 52 23 29 75 36 39 81 44 37 94 29 65 49 17 32 79 58 33 66 20 60 13 3 21 13 6 10 8 8 18 16 5 5 . 9 7 7 5 _ 14 7 7 13 13 13 13 9 18 1C 4 2 12 8 '2 . 55 27 28 32 9 23 32 13 19 30 13 17 60 22 31 7 3 38 19 3 3 8 8 4 4 2 2 3 3 _ 7 7 7 7 . 7 7 7 7 4 4 4 4 . 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 i l 10 12 3 .4 o 3.5ft 3.6Q 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 . o0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 H .40 4 .6 0 4 .6 0 5 .0 0 4 4 27 27 - 1 3 - 2 2 8 6 7 4 6 1 2 5 4 11 11 1 - _ . _ _ _ . _ . _ ovs»r 3 291 1 2 285 6 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS ASSEMBLERS EXCEPT CHAIPS 3 4----------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------SUBASSEMBLIES---------------------------------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS5 — ----- ---------------D0U3LE-END-TRIMMEP AND B0R1NU MACrllNE OPERA TORS6 — — — — — — GLUERS* ROUGH STOCK5— — — — — — — MAINTAINERS* GENERAL UTILITY -----------T I M F _______ ___________. __ ___ ____ OFF-RE ARERS* MACHINE 7— — — — PACKERS* FURNITURE — — —— — INCENTIVE -------------------------------------------SANDERS* FURNITURE* HAND — — — — — INCENTIVE — — —— — — SANDERS* FURNITURE, MACHINt — ------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------b e l t ----------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------other than b e l t 6 — — — — — —— SPRAYERS ----------------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e — — ---------------------------------tenoner 287 253 81 b3 6 14 16 30 IS 5 .2 0 5 .4 0 3 .1 6 3 .0 5 3 .2 3 _ c o uc 1 1 J • 1 11 5 .9 7 2 2 1 4 4 . 3 * 3 P Hft C•OO 64 4 «b 3 4*89 5 #^*4 4 .1 4 h , 38 4 .1 6 4 .4 7 4 .1 2 4 .5 4 4 .7 2 11 11 1 1 2 2 5 5 C • > o 3 i i l i 13 XC 1 1 p c. 4 \ 61 59 43 33 22 26 101 _ - 1 1 1 1 . - - O c p 3 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 i X 1 1 1 . _ 10 10 2 2 9 7 5 i X I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 • • • 1 1 1 1 P c 9 9 3 3 23 23 6 M . 1 1 «* 5 3 1 5 i7 lo 2 2 2 2 2 3 d 1 l “ 1 9 9 3 3 2 1 2 2 2 i X 1 _ _ _ _ 2 l 1 3 - - _ 1 “ _ 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 _ 2 1 1 4 _ 1 I _ 4 129 129 _ ■„ _ ” 2 2 9 V _ 3 5 2 1 5 2 * 5 . 1 5 3 3 3 1 1 _ ? 4 4 6 2 2 ' 1 T h e Louisville Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, consists of Bullitt, Jefferson, and Old h a m Counties, K y . ; and Clark and Floyd Counties, Ind. 2 Excludes p r e m i u m pa y for overtime and for w o r k on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 3 Includes w o r k e r s in classification in addition to those shown separately. 4 W o r k e r s w e r e at $7.60 to $7.80. 2 _ 1 11 2 • 1 1 H 2 2 i i 12 2 C 6 5 3 operato rs (SET UP AND OPERATE) 7 -------------------------- 1 1 “ 7 5 3 .6 6 39 4 4 A 48 76 1 1 10 * 4 < ♦ 4 4 _ 3 1 1 i 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 _ • _ . _ _ _ 4 15 41 J 1) 1* 5 4C o >a 28 4 12 12 6 b _ 6 4 30 30 1 ' 5 W o r k e r s paid on a time and incentive basis w e r e equally divided. 6 Insufficient data to warrant publication of separate earnings data by me t h o d of w a g e payment: wo rk er s are paid predominantly on an incentive basis. 7 Insufficient data to warrant publication of separate earnings data by me t h o d of w a g e payment; wo rk er s are paid predominantly on a time basis. Table 17. Occupational earnings: Miami and Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood, Fla.1 (N um ber and a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccu p atio n s in wood h o u seh o ld f u r n itu r e , ex c ep t u p h o ls te re d , m a n u fa c tu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts , N o v em b e r 1974) N u m b e r of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of3 ---------- O ccup ation w ork ers ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS ------------------------ 1 * 0 7 1 A vera ge S h o u rly e a rn in g s $ 4 .0 6 S S s 2*10 2.20 2 .3 2 .10 N um ber of 2 .20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 24 14 2.00 0 s S S S $ $ S $ S % 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2.60 2 .7 o 2 . 8o 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 o 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2.80 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 22 4 2 3 "5------ 3 ---------- $ S S S s S 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5 .2 0 5 .4 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5 .2 0 5 .4 0 5 .6 0 ------ 3 ------ S 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 5 .8 Q over and under and 10 2 4 8 6 18 14 40 3 6 2 8 4 .0 0 2 7 4 .2 0 181 1 4 7 2 9 3 20 14 - 68 6 3 6 5 21 3 7 5 _ 4 1 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS ASSEMBLERS# EXCEPT CHAIRS -----------------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) --------------SUBASSEMBLIES ---------------------------------------------------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS ----------------------------------------GLUERS# ROUGH STOCK ftP F U ” r —R P A i J F P < ; « M AF H T N JF ™ ■■■■■■■■ PLASTIC-TOP INSTALLERS -------------------------------------RIP SAW OPERATORS -------------------------------------- --------------SANDERS# FURNITURE# HAND - - - - - - - - - SANDERS* FURNITURE* MACHINE 3 - - - - - 3ELT ———————————————— ————————————— SPRAYERS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS ----------------------------------------- 4 .2 8 _ 70 4 .3 6 . 4 7 4 .1 6 3 3 4 .2 2 A A -l *▼• V O 1 1 7 15 i ft 5 9 17 41 9 _ 2 . 4 8 . . - - - - - - - - _ - - - 2 - - - _ . _ 4 - 4 _ . _ _ - - . - - - - - - - - - 2 4 4 o c _ _ _ _ _ . - - - - 7 hll 4 .2 4 3 .2 1 •» a o J •o o o 7 7 f r 44 4 .2 4 38 4 .2 7 „ • i c 1? o _ c . _ 2 2 _ _ * 2 - . - - - - 2 - . - 4 4 2 _ _ 2 . . 2 2 4 16 14 19 X7 4 _ _ _ . 11 _ . _ 4 13 8 13 22 _ _ 4 _ _ _ «. 10 _ _ _ 1 7 1 T h e M i a m i and Fort Lauderdale— Hollywood Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, consist w o rk er s w e r e paid on a time basis. of B r o w a r d and D a d e Counties. 3 Includes wo rk er s in classification in addition to those s h o w n separately. 2 Excludes p r e m i u m pa y for overtime and for w o r k on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. All • _ 4 7 • • a 2 _ _ _ 1 X £ 12 . _ 5 2 23 4 _ 4 4 _ _ _ » Table 18. Occupational earnings: Tennessee ( N u m b e r and average straight-time hourly earnings1 of wo rk er s in selected occupations in w o o d household furniture, except upholstered, manufacturing establishments, N o v e m b e r 1974) N u m b e r of w o rk er s receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— f ------ “ 5------ "5------ s $ ------ % “ 1 -----2 . 6 o 2 . 7 q 2 . 8 o 2 . 9 0 3 .0 o 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 Average workers earnings 1 i $ 2«00 2 .10 S $ $ 2 . 2 o 2 .3 o 2 . 4 0 2 .5 o 2 .10 Number 2.20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2.60 2 .7 0 866 709 617 768 662 745 649 688 761 S . 8 o 2 .9 0 '$ 2 .5 6 2 .5 4 309 233 656 614 526 461 CHAIRS ----------------- 784 2 .5 0 32 26 24 43 pc 28 29 2 ^ 1 2 .* 7 148 128 75 210 1o r 1 87 452 353 56 aA HI1 25 16 91 COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) --------- 83 83 39 39 45 68 22 22 159 153 9*+ 2 .6 5 2 3 5 10 1 20 16 16 35 13 9 12 9 9 EXCEPT COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN CASE GOODS) -----------------------------------------T I M E ______________ _______________ ____ SUBASSEMBLIES ---------------------------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS ------------------------t i m e _____________ - ____- ______ ________ DOUBLE-END-TRIMMER AND BORING MACHINE OPERATORS2 ------------------------------GLUERS, ROUGH STOCK2----------------------------LATHE OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (SET UP ANO OPEPATE) 2 ------------------------MAINTAINERS, GENERAL UTILITY 3 ----------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) 2 ------------- — _ -----------------------OFF-BEARERS, MACHINE --------------------------TI M E ___________________________________ PACKERS, FURNITURE ------------------------------T I M E -----------------------------------------------------PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE)2 — — — — — — RIP SAW OPERATORS --------------------------------t i m e -----------------------------------------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) 3 ------------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) 2 ______ __________ - __________ RUBBERS, FURNITURE, HAND 3- - - - - - - - - SANDEPS, FUPNITURE, HA\'D------------------T IMF — — — — — — __ _ — ——— — —— _____ _____ SANDERS, FURNITURE, MACHINE ------------T I M E -----------------------------------------------------B E L T ---------------------------------------------------------t i m e -----------------------------------------------------OTHER THAN BELT ------------------SHAPER OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) 2 -------------SHAPER OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (FEED ONLY)2 _r SHAPER OPERATORS, HAND (SFT 1ID A MI HPP DATr 1 2 SPRAYERS ---------------------------------------------------t im e 1 2 .^ 3 4 2 .5 5 2 .5 2 6 6 49 8o 2.60 2 .5 t 46 83 2 238 X*0 117 109 19 397 •3 a 3 JCf' 215 173 ———————— See fo o tn o te s at end o f table, ■ a 63 14 11 11 13 13 19 26 19 19 19 3 .0 0 .3 .1 0 3 .2 0 467 387 418 339 176 123 48 18 30 15 12 8 9 12 605 3 . 3<j 3 .4 o 155 114 53 31 9 4 41 23 3 .5 o 34 14 3 .6 0 ■3 .7 0 3 .8 0 over 29 27 43 25 41 37 13 _ _ _ * _ _ _ 1 2 - 2 8 2 11 4 9 24 5 9 11 20 13 7 - . 6 ,} 3 .1 2 4 - - - 10 4 7 - 1 12 3 3 4 1 2 31 ? l3 8 p 8 ft C* JO 2 .5 8 2 .5 1 4 17 g 2 - p 45 46 Ap 40 38 16 16 20 20 21 2 q 12 12 81 6 D11 23 23 7 69 58 5 5 4 I a 1 1 52 19 67 b2 23 14 2 .4 9 2 .5 9 2 .5 7 - 8 8 9 9 12 12 20 20 27 27 SB 2.62 - 4 5 2 8 9 7 28 26 24 32 g 4 58 54 43 41 15 13 60 48 46 33 418 363 332 318 ob C•* X * < 43 L 2 .4 6 2 l C•u. 1 2 .*6 2 .4 5 2 .4 5 2.**5 2 .4 6 2 .4 7 24 2 ,6 5 i c C3 28 28 26 28 - - 20 23 P1 C i 23 17 16 14 7 3 49 ** ar 7 31 25 23 - 5 . 19 62 80 77 65 65 15 20 8 5 ? • 68 2 .6 3 6 5 12 8 C• 319 g 1 ft XO C I O 1 4 9 9 15 15 25 25 3 2 9 1* P _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ • a 9 6 i 1 8 g 1 1 3 3 _ ? 1 _ 15 7 7 _ _ ? _ _ 3 - - 1 _ _ 1 3 _ _ _ _ 7 4 _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 9 24 1 - _ 10 8 1 6 3 o 4 - _ _ 1 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 3 16 1O An 63 56 3 26 26 4 2 i X 9 4 2 9 . _ _ 7 7 _ _ _ _ 2 _ - _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 4 7 5 4 9 j c 6 - 17 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 4 • _ _ _ - _ _ - - _ 1 54 47 43 13 39 72 7o »£ 25 24 21 33 21 15 13 4 11 3 - 8 c 1 3 3 i 3 3 - 6 - 36 33 32 31 4 16 16 16 16 S 3 3 3 3 1 _ 1 3 3 3 3 £ < _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ i i i X 14 1.4 1 1 36 141 134 l3 l7 162 9 4 3 14 i4 2 95 3 28 24 14 14 57 _ 9 8 41 41 4 4 65 t im e S - ” 5------ ------3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 - SELECTEO OCCUPATIONS a sse m b l e r s 3 .5 0 and 2 6 ,7 3 7 5 ,7 2 3 ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS ----------------------T I M E ------------------------------------------------------ 3 > and under Q 34 26 21 3 _ ] _ 1 5 . - 1 1 _ 49 45 42 7 3 2 _ 2 1 29 29 - - 2 30 59 58 -a i JX _ _ Table 18. Occupational earnings: Tennessee — Continued (Number and average straight-time hourly earnings1 of workers in selected occupations in wood household furniture, except upholstered, manufacturing establishments, November 1974) Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— O ccu p ation Number of workers % $ $ 5 $ $ --- 1 ---- 1 --- S S S S % $ S S $ Average 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 hourly earning.1 and and under 2.10 ?*20 2t3Q 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2 .8 0 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3. B0 over CO 10 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS— CONTINUED TENONER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) 1 ----------------------2 TENONER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) 2 -----------------------------------------VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS2 ----------------------- $ 40 2.82 “ - • 4 1 5 7 5 1 2 b 1 3 36 42 2.83 2.67 _ . . 4 2 _ 4 6 " 5 1 2 4 9 7 “ 5 4 11 3 “ 9 * 3 “ 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Insufficient data to warrant publication of separate earnings data by 1 - _ 1 “ * 2 - _ _ “ method of wage payment: workers are paid predominantly on a time basis, 3 All timeworkers. Table 19. Occupational earnings: Virginia (N um ber and a v e ra g e straigh t-tim e h ou rly e a r n in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in s e le cte d occupations in w ood household furniture, except u ph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) N um ber o f w o rk e rs r e c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of— S O ccup ation of w orkers hourly earnings 1 5 ' S 2.00 2.10 2.20 $ $ 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 2 . 6 0 $ S 2 .7 o 2 . 8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 2.20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .6 0 2.80 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 1 4 ,2 8 4 1 1 ,8 3 5 $ 2 .5 8 2 .5 7 1050 1622 1870 1815 1803 1298 1251 8 8 8 1298 1599 1472 1538 1024 997 966 835 S S 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ S 3.6t) 3 .7 0 4 3 .8 0 $ $ 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 ■% $ S s $ 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .5 0 and under 2.10 ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS -----------------------T I M E ------------------------------------------------------- S S 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 160 124 and 2 .5 0 2 .7 0 80S 705 3 .3 0 567 489 330 274 19 14 J* .4 5 13 1c 10 7 6 7 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 ,6 0 5 272 228 142 117 108 82 86 66 2 5 3 o c 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 54 47 10 17 _ _ 15 7 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .5 0 7 2 10 11 7 9 9 6 2 2 2 over 13 5 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS a ssem blers, e x c e p t CHAIRS -----------------T IM E -------------------------------- ---------------------INCENTIVE----------;---------------------------------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) — — j i me __ _____________________________ TNCFNTTVF --------------------------------------------COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN CASE G O O D S )--------------— - - - — ------------t i m e ---------------------------------- -------------------SUBASSEMBLIES ----------------------------------------TIME ASSEMBLERS. CHATRS ----------------- -------------t i m e ---------------------------- - - - - - - -------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS -------------------------t im e — — — — — —— —— — INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------do u ble - enq - t rim m er AND BORING m achin e OPERATORS — — — — — — — TIME — — — — — — GLUERS, ROUGH STOCK -----------------------------t im e — — — — — — — — — — — INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------LATHE OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (SET UP ANO OPERATE) -------------------------T IM E ------------------------------------------------------LATHE OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (FEEO ONLY) — — — — — ———— TIME — — — — — — — — — MAINTAINERS, GENERAL U TILITY 2 ----------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) ------------------------ T IM E ------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE — — — — — — — — — — MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) --------------------------------------------TIME — — — — — — — ———— — OFF-BEARERS, MACHINE ---------------------------t im e — — — — — — — — — —— INCENTIVE --------------------------------------------PACKERS, FURNITURF — — ———— t im e — — — — — — — — — — PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) — — — — — — t im e — — — — — — — — —— INCENTIVE — — —— ———— PLANER OPERATORS (FEED O N L Y )-------------------------------------------, TIME ---------------------------------------------------------------------------PLASTIC-TOP INSTALLERS3- ------------------------------RIP SAW OPERATORS -------------------------------— ----------T IM E ----------------------------------------------------------------------------ROUTER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) -----------------------------------T IM E ---------------------------------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE ------------------- --------------------- -------------------- See footn o te s at end o f table. 1 ,5 8 0 1 ,3 1 7 263 687 575 112 331 274 562 468 120 J ll 146 119 27 2 .4 9 2 .4 6 2 .6 7 2 .5 6 2 ,5 1 2 .7 4 18 15 3 7 2 .5 ? ? . 47 2 .3 9 2 .3 7 2 ,5 ? 2 ,5 ? 2 .7 4 2 .7 0 2 .9 0 4 4 7 157 gi 53 190 158 32 39 39 74 ?? 2? 129 11 252 211 244 156 134 26 63 *37 69 31 153 22 166 136 30 79 110 66 94 23 - g 10 4 3 1 1 6 6 148 97 2? 35 100 71 29 55 45 15 24 2o 1 13 13 16 10 10 39 26 17 16 17 16 42 23 3 g 5] 30 36 29 41 39 ft 19 10 10 s c 1 1 1 4 2 2 2 21 17 1 3 _ 1 1 3 » 1 X 1 1 4 1 _ _ _ 1 _ 4 1 o c o c 13 13 _ -> o ? 15 13 3 11 16 15 11 21 16 2 1 7 3 • a ■ J 3 5 2 1 3 5 18 3 21 20 1 16 14 24 24 21 10 6 17 13 29 27 14 13 10 8 12 9 9 9 22 21 7 7 1 1 3 i X 2 1 1 1 2 2 8 8 14 5 j: 1 1 3 O c 130 106 185 153 32 2 .60 1 2 .6 0 2 .5 5 2 .5 0 2 .8 0 5 4 10 8 1 1 8 8 15 1j 4 32 28 3 .0 1 2 .9 6 - - - 23 15 259 2 .5 6 2 .5 1 2 .9 8 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 4 6 2 5 17 6 20 26 9 22 31 87 63 24 3 .0 2 3 .0 4 2 .9 9 3 3 - 1 - - 6 4 2 2 4 4 8 5 6 2 5 6 2 2 o c 1 _ 1 2 1 «.! 1 2 1 4 _ 2 1 1 2 757 648 109 437 346 2 .4 9 2 .4 3 2 .3 8 2 .3 5 2 .5 8 2 .4 1 2 .4 1 44 37 7 - 1 1 22 14. 9 280 " 210 91 70 21 2 .6 2 2 .5 5 , 2 .5 7 2.66 2.68 2 .7 9 2 .7 7 2 .8 7 33 19 14 33 33 3 3 - 1 3 5 5 129 2 122 1 7 64 48 ll 24 23 11 121 11 0 11 40 24 6 1 2 .8 2 2 .8 0 2 .9 1 77 66 20 14 14 175 153 22 73 62 9 15 14 130 9 u i 112 101 18 64 54 10 22 11 64 56 38 34 1 1 6 6 7 6 10 10 6 33 1 • - - - • 18 1 1 3 3 3 5 1 3 1 ■- 4 12 20 3 19 9 - 2 2 4 4 - 2 2 - “ “ 2 - - 5 2 16 39 31 11 9 2 7 4 . - 4 4 4 31 f 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 1 _ 1 1 3 _ _ 5 4 2 1 2 2 3 2 _ 24 17 30 1? 5 3 15 1 13 16 14 £ 7 5 5 10 1 1 1 2 1 7 f 6 1 1 _ 1 1 2 9 1 I 1 3 l 3 4 3 4 4 £ 1 20 11 66 6 2 3 2 1 1 _ 42 2 3 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ 3 2 1 i X 2 2 3 1 2 _ _ 2 3 5 1 _ _ _ . 2 _ 1 c 4 4 - _ 1 1 6 2 L _ _ 2 1 2 - 38 A1 33 37 16 7 9 6 3 9 3 _ 1 1 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 4 _ 1 _ _ i 1 _ i l i X 9 7 £ 2 2 - 1A XV 2 • • o 8 •” 1 i 1 Z 52 49 25 24 3 14 14 13 13 6 6 - “ “ . _ 1 - _ - - - 1 _ i _ - 1 _ _ _ 1 1 - 1 - - 1 Table 19. Occupational earnings: Virginia — Continued (N um ber and av era g e straigh t-tim e h ou rly earn in gs 1 of w o rk e rs in se le cte d occupations in w ood household furniture, except u ph olstered, m anufacturing establish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) Num ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of- workers earnings 1 S T s S 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 . 6 0 S $ S 2.0 0 2 .10 2.20 2.20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 4 4 7 7 53 41 $ 2*7o 2 . 8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 S S $ S 3 . 1 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 30 3 .4 0 $ T1 ------ T T $ f ------ S i s $ 1 -----3 . 50 3* 60 3 . 70 3 .8 0 3 . 90 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .5 o 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 . 2 Q 3 . 3(? 3* 4Q 3 .5 0 3 . 8 0 3 . 70 3 . 80 3 .9 0 4 . 00 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .5 0 over and under IV O ccupation Average o Number and 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2.80 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS— CONTINUED ROUTER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) -----------------------------------------t i me G) * ----------------------------- RUBBERS* FURNITURE* HAND -----------------T I M E ----------------------------------------------------RUBBERS* FURNITURE* MACHINE ----------T IM E ----------------------------------------------------SANDERS* FURNITUPE, HAND ----------------T I M E ----------------------------------------------------SANDERS* FURNITURE* MACHINE ----------T IM E ----------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------------------------B E L T --------------------------------------------------------T I M E ----------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------------------------OTHER THAN BELT ---------------------------------- T I M E ----------------------------SHAPER OPERATORS* AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------------- — T I M E ----------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------------------------SHAPER OPERATORS* AUTOMATIC (FEED ONLY) -----------------------------------------SHAPER OPERATORS* HAND (SET UP AND OPERATE) -----------------------t i m e ----------------------------------------------------SHAPER OPERATORS* HAND (FEED ONLY) 1 ------------------* ---------------------2 SPRAYERS --------------------------------------------------T IM E ----------------------------------------------------TENONER OPERATORS (SET UP ANO OPERATE) -----------------------T I M E ---------------------------------------------------INCENTIVE -----------------------------------------TENONER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) -----------------------------------------T I M E ----------------------------------------------------VARIETY-SAW OPERATORS ----------------------T I M E ----------------------------------------------------- 189 $ 2*54 2 .5 4 2 .2 9 2 .2 7 2 .5 1 2 .5 3 2 .3 3 2 .3 3 2 .6 4 2 .6 2 2 .7 3 2 .6 9 2 .6 7 2 .7 3 2 .5 2 2 .5 0 75 57 18 26 26 438 394 115 94 709 677 751 584 167 551 395 156 6 6 75 75 R 8 8 111 8 107 27 23 4 3 3 - 145 1 A1 9 109 14 6 8 3 216 194 73 62 166 163 70 65 5 40 35 5 30 30 102 100 11 110 11 78 51 27 56 29 27 3 3 40 16 30 26 57 56 80 50 30 48 9 9 4 1 20 20 12 12 21 62 49 13 41 29 27 32 29 12 21 20 5 5 17 17 10 10 98 73 25 79 54 25 19 19 - 17 4 2 2 6 6 39 30 9 34 32 2 .9 8 2 .9 4 3 .0 9 _ _ _ - - - 2 2 1 1 - - - 7 7 - - “ 1 - 4 4 21 2 .4 9 - 2 3 4 2 6 - 40 36 2.60 - - “ 3 3 4 4 5 “ 1 1 _ 2 .6 2 27 722 620 2 .6 5 2 .6 4 2 .6 3 _ _ 9 9 4 4 89 69 3 .0 0 2 .9 9 3 .0 5 - - - - 20 “ “ 64 46 96 82 2 .6 3 2 .6 1 2 .6 5 2 .6 7 _ _ - - 3 3 4 7 7 5 4 200 1 E x clu des p rem iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on 2 A ll tim e w o r k e r s . - 1 1 21 1 _ 1 6 52 40 105 98 92 92 - 2 2 6 6 - - 3 19 12 - 1 w eekends, 22 22 holidays, 2 2 “ 6 5 21 18 11 8 11 10 3 3 6 6 5 5 69 82 7 70 63 7 19 19 9 9 106 90 16 99 83 16 7 7 - 8 5 5 4 2 1 3 ? 1 2 • 1 - l - - 8 6 4 4 2 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 - - - - _ 1 1 - - 1 1 - - - 2 6 4 3 2 1 2 - 1 - 1 - - - 7 > - 1 1 1 5 7 7 “ 1 1 4 3 _ 1 _ . . - 1 - 1 - - “ - - 5 5 - 1 1 2 2 4 3 6 _ _ _ 5 1 - 1 1 - - 8 6 40 36 4 35 33 - - ■i 9 7 6 6 11 6 15 13 2 - 5 2 - 1 - - 3 2 1 7 7 14 14 2 _ 2 c - 3 123 103 2 12 127 103 89 71 58 48 24 24 14 - 10 - 9 4 3 15 14 11 10 1 1 18 13 5 6 1 5 5 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 “ 8 1 8 13 9 6 8 6 1 5 5 13 5 12 17 15 12 12 and late shifts, 5 1 1 1 1 2 2 _ _ 1 - 1 - _ _ - _ 5 - 3 Insufficien t data to w arrant publication of separate earnings data by m ethod of w age payment; w o rk e rs are paid p redom in an tly on a tim e b a s is . Table 20. Occupational earnings: Winston-Salem -- High Point, N.C.1 (Num ber and average straigh t-tim e hourly earnings of w ork ers in selected occupations in wood household furniture, excep t upholstered, m anufacturing esta b lish m en ts, N ovem ber 1974) N um ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of— ALL PRODUCTION WORKERS ------------------------ Average hourly earnings $ S ' s 2.0 0 2.10 2.20 $ S 2 .3 0 2 .^ 0 2,20 O ccup ation Number of workers2 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 s S * 2 . 5 0 2 . 6 o 2 .7 o r$- $ T ------ $ ------ "5------ "5------ $ 1 ------5 "5-----3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .5 o 2 .9 0 5 3 .0 u 3 .1 0 s 3 .2 0 5 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 % 2 .8 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 o 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 ,0 0 892 1009 879 659 779 444 495 301 277 327 227 143 127 57 71 23 95 9 69 5 44 48 9 31 26 9 6 5 10 30 3 15 8 3 x 7 41 _ 19 29 57 5 31 17 13 3 36 18 4 1 20 1 21 7 7 7 57 13 24 _ 2 2 1 1 7 4 6 1 1 6 9 2 _ 3 7 4 7 13 15 3 and tinder and 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 8 ,5 5 0 $ 2 .9 1 231 217 232 301 330 478 861 194 2 .8 4 2 .7 5 8 6 27 24 9 42 16 56 18 73 31 80 6 106 12 84 583 79 94 2 .8 9 2 3 1 1 2 12 3 .2 1 2 .9 1 14 3 37 . . 40 _ 7 5 69 . 3 13 85 3 27 3 .6 5 64 124 2 .9 5 3 .6 1 . _ 2 6 _ . 57 3 .5 7 - - - _ _ 3 47 565 216 2 .7 6 2 .6 2 2 .7 5 _ 6 17 15 15 9 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 ,4 0 4 .5 0 50 38 21 14 9 _ _ _ over _ 13 SELECTED OCCUPATIONS ASSEMBLERS EXCEPT CHAIRS -----------------COMPLETE PIECES (CASE GOODS) ---------COMPLETE PIECES (OTHER THAN CASE GOODS) ------------------------------------------SUBASSEMBLIES ---------------------------------------CUT-OFF-SAW OPERATORS -------------------------GLUERS, ROUGH STOCK -----------------------------LATHE OPERATORS* AUTOMATIC (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------------------LATHE OPERATORS. AUTOMATIC (FEED ONLY) — — MAINTAINERS* GENERAL UTILITY -----------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------------------MOLDING MACHINE OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) --------------------------------------------OFF-BEARERS. MACHINE ---------------------------PACKERS. FURNITURE -------------------------------PLANER OPERATORS (SET UP ANO OPERATE) -------------------------PLANER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) --------------------------------------------PLASTIC-TOP INSTALLERS -------------RIP SAW OPERATORS --- ----------------ROUTER OPERATORS (SET UP AND OPERATE) --------------ROUTER OPERATORS (FEED ONLY) --------------------------RUBBERS. FURNITURE, HAND -----------SANDERS, FURNITURE, HAND -----------SANDERS, FURNITURE, MACHINE -------------b e l t ----------------------------------------------------------other than b e l t ---------------------------- -------SHAPER OPERATORS, AUTOMATIC (FEED ONLY) — ----- ---------------------------------SHAPER OPERATORS, HAND (SET UP AND OPERATE) -------------------------SHAPER OPERATORS, HAND (FEED O N L Y )--------------------------------------------SPRAYERS ----------------------------------------------------TENONER OPERATORS (FEED O N L Y )-------------------------------- -----------VARIETY-SAW O P E R A T E S -------------------------- 2.86 - - 26 8 11 1 1 1 2 _ 164 14 A 109 37 p 21 14 5 40 82 8 6 X7 2 - 6 2 11 Q 56 26 32 24 3 .3 6 a 13 158 3 O ft 2 .5 8 2 .9 8 _ - 3 3 3 4 3 73 3 .2 8 - . 3 - 31 427 469 549 331 218 2 .8 5 2 .4 8 2 .5 4 3 .0 4 3 .1 1 2 .9 3 21 • 2 10 2 1 19 6 . 14 35 70 39 38 35 40 8 - - 8 • 3 3 46 io 33 c: 46 25 6 2 8 40 5 6 17 17 15 5 2 40 . - 1 1 3 7 5 84 5 10 3 . 46 19 13 7 S9 45 <♦4 28 16 28 62 57 16 41 6 37 30 26 7 19 100 41 30 11 14 21 36 22 14 9 2 .9 2 36 3 .2 1 _ 2 .7 3 2 .8 7 _ _ 9 2.60 50 _ 3 .1 6 3 6 • _ _ - 7 14 3 15 - _ . 73 2 _ 5 17 5 7 x 2 5 2 11 6 **' 11 — 43 3 56 5 3 5 4 3 _ 2 2 1 _ 3 16 12 9 5 7 7 2 1 6 5 12 1 7 1 4 4 1 _ 1 _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ 3 1 4 _ 9 1 J L 6 4 4 12 7 6 11 46 40 1 l 46 36 36 21 6 10 4 34 29 5 23 14 9 2 3 3 2 8 1 4 k 1 3 1 1 _ 5 o _ 1 4 2 2 x _ 1 , 32 6 6 2 1 _ 3 _ 1 _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ 4 5 . 1 4 11 1 29 6 _ 1 u j 64 52 81 31 26 21 15 x x 9 6 3 2 _ _ _ , 4 3 2 1 _ 2 _ 4 1 7 4 c _ 2 3 _ 15 13 484 3 20 3 15 6 4 2_ ■ The W in sto n -S a lem -H ig h P oint area c o n sists of Davidson, Forsyth, Guilford, and Randolph 2 E xclud es p rem ium pay for o v ertim e and for work on w eekends, holidays, w ork ers w ere paid on a tim e b a s is . and la te sh ifts. A ll Table 21. Earnings relationships: Selected regions and localities (A verage h ou rly earn in gs in s e le cte d occupations as a p e rce n t o f the national average fo r all p rodu ction w o r k e r s 1 in w ood household fu rniture (excep t u p h o lste re d ) m anufacturin g establish m en ts, United States, s e le cte d re g io n s States, and a r e a s , N ovem ber 1974) A ll produc t io n w o rk e rs A s s e m b le r s , c o m p le t e fu r n it u r e p ie c e s (ca s e goods) C u t-o ffsaw o p era tors H a in t a in e rs gen eral u t ilit y O ffbearers, m achine U n ite d S t a t e s ............................................... 100 109 11 0 115 89 94 10 0 112 106 New E n g la n d .................................................... G a r d n e r , H a ss.......................................... H id d le A t l a n t i c .......................................... J am estow n , H .T ........................................ B o r d e r S t a t e s .................................. ........... L o u i s v i l l e , K y .- I n d ........................... V i r g i n i a ....................................................... S o u t h e a s t . ....................................................... H i c k o r y - S t a t e s v i l l e , M.C............... Miami and F o r t - L a u d e r d a le — H o lly w o o d , F l a ................................... T e n n e s s e e .................................................... W in s to n -S a le m — H igh P o i n t , N .C ................................. S o u t h w e s t ......................................................... A r k a n s a s ....................................................... G rea t L a k e s .................................................... C h ic a g o , 1 1 1 . .......................................... Grand B a p id s , H ic h .............................. I n d i a n a ......................................................... P a c i f i c .............................................................. L os A n g e le s -L o n g B e a ch , C a l i f ........................................ 100 107 11 2 107 87 139 85 91 97 94 118 121 11 0 89 103 112 123 107 10 1 196 98 107 108 93 90 110 100 80 95 78 82 86 102 113 109 94 81 141 79 86 89 110 149 12 1 107 91 137 88 93 103 117 84 94 100 104 104 112 10 1 92 106 90 96 104 92 103 117 110 128 124 116 94 149 87 93 10 1 133 84 143 82 138 84 10 2 10 2 78 85 124 80 88 95 88 90 114 105 109 116 127 90 88 89 126 11 0 119 134 155 105 81 85 115 119 110 115 153 118 11 0 103 133 139 ’ 128 135 155 86 85 89 102 87 88 109 118 90 86 92 112 93 10 0 114 120 102 90 91 111 1 20 109 112 113 119 115 150 94 95 98 12 0 12 1 104 12 1 140 112 136 157 146 99 105 10 1 155 131 R e g io n and l o c a l i t y - 1 The national a verage fo r all p rodu ction w o rk e rs is $ 3 .0 5 , - NOTE: D ashes pub lication c r it e r ia . P a ck ers, fu r n itu r e - indicate S h a per S an ders, op era tors, fu r n itu r e , hand b e lt ( s e t up and op era te) - 122 121 97 - - 105 94 105 111 - S p ra y ers 139 86 no data re p o rte d o r data that do no m eet Table 22. Method of wage payment (P e r c e n t of p roduction w o rk e rs in wood household fu rn itu re (except u p h o lste re d ) m anufacturing establish m en ts by m ethod of w age paym ent, United States, s e le cte d r e g io n s , States, and areas, N ovem ber 1974) M ethod o f wage paym ent 1 Unit ed S ta tes 2 New E n gland M id dle A tla n tic B order S ta tes R e g io n s S o u th east G rea t la k e s S o u th w est P a c ific Arkan sas S ta tes In d i T en ana nessee V ir g in ia A l l w o r k e r s ...................... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1C0 100 100 100 Time r a t e d w o r k e r s ............ F orm al p l a n s ...................... S i n g l e r a t e .................... Range o f r a t e s ............ I n d i v i d u a l r a t e s ............ 83 56 11 45 27 74 41 3 37 34 66 32 8 24 34 81 54 5 49 27 96 65 4 61 31 68 45 3 42 23 65 49 20 29 16 100 78 48 30 22 66 41 5 36 25 47 38 18 20 8 85 50 82 56 6 50 26 I n c e n t i v e w o r k e r s ............... I n d iv id u a l p ie c e w o r k .. Group p i e c e w o r k ............... I n d i v i d u a l b o n u s ............ G roup b o n u s ........................ 17 6 1 4 5 26 8 2 14 1 34 9 2 11 12 19 3 <*) 11 4 4 4 (3 ) (3) (s ) 32 24 5 35 7 4 7 17 34 26 4 5 53 11 8 3 32 15 14 - 3 (s ) (3) - * - 50 35 18 1 (») 12 4 - 2 - A rea s C h i cago Gard ner Grand R a p id s H ic k oryS ta tesv ille Ja m estow n LOS A n g e le s Long Beach L o u is v ille Miami and F ort L a u d e r d a le — H o lly w o o d H in s t o n S alem — High P o in t A l l w o r k e r s ...................... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Time r a t e d w o r k e r s ............. Form al p l a n s ...................... S i n g l e r a t e .................... Range o f r a t e s ............ I n d i v i d u a l r a t e s ............ 84 65 21 44 19 64 54 6 48 10 82 25 40 19 100 66 66 100 62 19 21 100 64 38 26 36 37 13 13 25 57 98 67 4 63 31 - - 24 34 62 38 I n c e n t i v e w o r k e r s ............... I n d i v i d u a l p ie c e w o r k .. G roup p i e c e w o r k ............... I n d i v i d u a l b o n u s ............. Group b o n u s ........................ 16 8 3 5 36 23 9 4 18 2 7 9 2 1 <*) 1 60 21 31 8 _ 63 16 15 2 29 “ - 1 F o r defin ition o f m ethod o f w age paym ent, see appendix A . 2 Includes data fo r re g io n s in addition to those shown se p a ra te ly . 3 L ess than 0. 5 p e rce n t. - NOTE: to ta ls . - “ - - - B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal Table 23. Minimum entrance rates: Machine off bearers and hand furniture sanders (N um ber o f w ood household furniture (except u ph olstered) m anufacturing establish m en ts studied b y m in im um hourly rates f o r m achine off b e a r e r s and hand furniture sanders, United States and s e le cte d r e g io n s , N o ve m b e r 1974) Minimum e n t r a n c e r a t e s 1 U n it e d S ta tes 2 New E n gland M id d le A tla n tic B order S ta tes S o u th east S ou th w est G rea t L a kes P a c ific O f f - b e a r e r s , m a ch in e E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ............................................... 336 30 41 27 10 1 22 72 35 E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g an e s t a b l i s h e d minimum................................................. 223 22 23 23 66 16 47 22 $ 2 . 0 0 and $ 2 . 1 0 an d $2 . 2 0 and $ 2 .3 0 and $ 2 .4 0 and un d er under u n d er u n d er und er $2 . 1 0 ................................................ $2 . 2 0 ................................................. $ 2 .3 0 ................................................. $ 2 .4 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 5 0 ................................................ 33 32 45 19 30 2 3 6 4 3 1 6 5 2 3 2 8 3 4 3 12 7 19 4 19 7 5 1 1 - 4 2 6 3 2 4 4 1 - $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 un d er und er un d er u nd er under $ 2 . 6 0 ................................................. $ 2 . 7 0 ................................................. $ 2 .8 0 ................................................. $ 2 .9 0 ................................................. $ 3 .0 0 ................................................. 19 5 8 9 3 1 1 - 3 1 1 2 - 3 2 - 2 - 8 1 4 7 3 - 1 2 1 “ $ 3 .0 0 and un d er $ 3 . 1 0 . . ............................................ $ 3 .1 0 an d un d er $ 3 .2 0 ................................................. $ 3 .2 0 and u n d er $ 3 . 3 0 ................................................. $ 3 .3 0 and un d er $ 3 .4 0 ................................................. $ 3 .4 0 an d u n d er $ 3 . 5 0 ................................................. 3 3 2 2 3 1 _ _ _ - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - " 1 - 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 and an d and and and u n d er u n d er un d er u n d er un d er $ 3 . 6 0 ................................................. $ 3 .7 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 8 0 ................................................. $ 3 . 9 0 ................................................. $ 4 .0 0 ................................................. 1 2 - - - - _ 1 “ 2 “ $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .1 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .3 0 $ 4 .4 0 and and and an d and un d er under u n d er u n d er un d er $ 4 . 1 0 ................................................. $ 4 .2 0 ................................................. $ 4 . 3 0 ....................................... $ 4 . 4 0 ................................................. $ 4 . 5 0 ................................................. _ _ - $ 4 .5 0 and and and and and - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - •“ 1 “ 3 and o v e r .................................................................. 3 - - - - - No f o r m a l m inim um ,........................................................ 36 2 1 1 21 1 6 2 W ork ers n o t h i r e d in t h i s c a t e g o r y .................. 77 6 17 3 14 5 19 11 See foo tn o te s at end of table. Table 23. Minimum entrance rates: Machine off bearers and hand furniture sanders — Continued (Number of wood household furniture (ex cep t upholstered) m anufacturing esta b lish m en ts studied by m inim um hourly ra tes for m achine off b ea re rs and hand furniture sand ers. United S tates, and sele c te d reg io n s, N ovem ber 1974) Hi ni mu m en tr an ce r a t e 1 Onited St at es 2 Hew En gl an d R i dd le Atlantic Bor der St at es South ea st South west G r ea t La k e s Pa c i f i c Sanders, f u r n it ur e, h a n d Es t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ....................... 336 30 41 27 101 22 72 35 E s t a bl is hm en ts ha vi nq an e s t a b l i s h e d m i n i m u m ......................... 236 23 29 23 72 13 48 24 $2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 an d an d an d and and unde r under under under under $2 . 1 0 ........................ $2 . 2 0 ......................... $ 2 . 3 0 ........................ $ 2 . 4 0 ........................ $ 2 . 5 0 ........................ 28 28 52 23 19 1 2 9 4 1 1 6 5 2 3 3 7 3 3 3 10 6 24 9 10 6 3 2 - 2 1 5 4 2 4 2 3 1 - $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 and an d an d an d an d un de r unde r under under under $ 2 . 6 0 ........................ $ 2 . 7 0 ......................... $ 2 . 8 0 ........................ $ 2 . 9 0 ......................... $ 3 . 0 0 ......................... 34 6 15 9 4 1 3 - 6 1 2 1 3 - 12 1 - 2 - 10 3 7 8 - _ 1 2 1 3 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 an d and an d an d and u n de r under under unde r under $ 3 . 1 0 ........................ $ 3 . 2 0 ......................... $ 3 . 3 0 ........................ $ 3 . 4 0 ........................ $ 3 . 5 0 ........................ 2 3 2 3 1 _ 1 1 * _ 1 - “ - 1 1 1 1 _ 1 1 - $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 and and and an d and un de r under under under under $ 3 . 6 0 ......................... $ 3 . 7 0 . . . ....... . $ 3 . 8 0 ........................ $ 3 . 9 0 ..... ................... $4 . 0 0 ......................... 1 1 1 - - - - - - 1 - 1 1 - $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 and an d an d and and under under under un de r under $ 4 . 1 0 ........................ $ 4 . 2 0 ......................... $ 4 . 3 0 ........................ $ 4 . 4 0 . . . ..................... $ 4 . 5 0 ........... ............. - - - 1 1 - - - - - - 1 - 1 $4.50 an d o v e r ................................. 2 - - - - - - 2 Ho f o r m a l m i n i m u m ............................. 42 1 3 2 24 1 8 2 Wo r k e r s not hired in this c a t e g o r y ......... 58 6 9 2 5 8 16 9 1 Minimum entrance rates are the lo w est fo rm a lly esta b lish ed rates for in exp erien ced w orkers in the esta b lish m en ts studied. _ 2 - - 2 Includes data for region s in addition to those shown sep a ra tely , Table 24. Work schedules ( P e r c e n t of p ro d u c tio n and office w o r k e r s in w ood h o u seh o ld fu r n itu r e (ex ce p t u p h o lste re d ) m a n u fa c tu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by w o rk sc h e d u le s , U nited S ta te s and s e le c te d re g io n s, N o v em b er 1974) fork s c h e d u l e 1 U n it ed States2 lew En gl an d Bi dd le At l a n t i c B o rd er s t at es S o ut hea s t South west Gr ea t La ke s P a ci fi c Production workers A l l w o r k e r s ................................ 20 h o u r s - 5 d a y s ............................. 32 h o u r s - 4 d a y s ...... ...................... 35 h o u r s - 5 d a y s ............................. O v e r 3 5 a n d u n de r 40 h o u r s .................. 4 d a y s ........................................ 5 d a y s .................................. ...... 40 h o u r s ........................................ 4 d a y s . . ...................................... 5 d a y s ........................................ O v e r 40 a n d un d e r 45 h o u r s ..... ............ 5 d a y s ........................................ 5 1/2 d a y s ................................... 45 h o u r s . . . . . .................................. 5 d a y s ........................................ 5 1/2 d a y s ................................... O v e r 45 h o u r s .................................. 5 d a y s ........................................ 5 1/2 d a y s ................................... 6 d a y s ........................................ 100 <3) 3 <3) 1 1 <3> 80 2 78 4 3 (3) 10 8 2 2 <3> 1 (3) 100 _ 3 1 2 49 49 12 10 1 27 13 15 9 5 4 ~ 100 _ 93 3 90 1 1 5 5 - 1 1 - 100 _ 76 76 13 13 100 (3 ) 4 2 2 80 2 78 3 3 100 _ 96 8 88 - 100 100 _ 96 96 - 8 1 72 4 68 - - - - - 8 4 4 3 10 10 4 4 - - - - 3 * 1 (3) 16 13 2 3 3 1 ~ - - 4 4 ~ Office workers All w o r k e r s ................................. L e s s t h a n 35 h o u r s ............................ 3 d a y s . . . . ................................... 4 d a y s ........................................ 5 d a y s ........................................ 35 h o u r s - 5 d a y s ............................. 37 1/2 hour s - 5 d a y s ........................ 38 3/ 4 h o ur s - 5 d a y s ........................ 40 h o u r s ........................................ 4 d a y s ........................................ 5 d a y s ........................................ O v e r 40 h o u r s - 5 1/2 d a y s .................. 100 (3) (3) (3) (3) 2 2 (3) 94 1 93 2 100 _ 2 1 - 100 (3) (3) 12 3 - 100 _ 1 1 - 95 84 98 - - - 95 2 84 1 98 1 Data rela te to the predom inant schedule for fu ll-tim e day. sh ift w ork ers in each estab lish m en t. 2 Includes data for region s in addition to th ose shown sep a ra tely . 100 (3) <3) 2 3 1 92 1 91 2 100 _ 3 97 11 86 ~ ..too.... . 100 (3) (3) - ! ... 3 3 2 - <3> 96 95 - - 96 4 95 ” - 3 L e s s than 0 .5 p ercen t. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls. Table 25. Shift differential provisions (P e r c e n t o f production w ork ers by shift diffe re n tia l p r o v is io n s in w ood h ousehold furniture (e x cep t u ph olstered) m anufacturing establish m en ts, United States and se le cte d region s, N ovem ber 1974) Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l 1 United States2 New England Bi dd le Atla nt ic Bo rd er St at es South e a st South west 53.7 48.2 40 .2 2 .6 .8 .5 1 .1 2 2 .0 3.4 .4 7.2 .3 1.4 .5 6 .0 1 .8 4.0 .2 1 .0 1 .0 49.4 49.4 43.2 32.1 5.6 - 32.3 29.3 26.5 16.3 1 0 .2 - 79 .3 6 6 .2 60 .9 46.3 4.4 1.7 48.2 40.4 35 .3 5.6 .8 16.8 1 2 .2 61.1 57.0 57.0 5.7 1 2 .8 30.2 8.4 - - - - 5.6 6 .2 2 .1 4.2 - - 2 1 .1 2 1 .0 15.4 3.7 .5 2.5 5.1 2.3 1 .1 .2 3.4 1 .1 2.3 .7 1.4 Great La ke s P a ci fi c Se c o n d shift W o rk er s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s with se c o n d shift p r o v i s i o n s .................... With shift d i f f e r e n t i a l ................. Un i f o r m cents per h o u r ................ 5 c e n t s ................................ 7 c e n t s ................................ 8 c e n t s ................................ 9 c e n t s ................................ 10 c e n t s ............................... 12 c e n t s ............................... 12 1 /2 c e n t s .......................... 15 c e n t s ............................... 19 c e n t s ............................... 20 c e n t s ............................... 25 c e n t s ............................... U n i f o r m p e r c e n t a g e ..................... 5 p e r c e n t .............................. 10 p e r c e n t ............................ 15 p e r c e n t ............................ Fall d a y ’s pa y for r e d u c e d ho ur s. .. . O t h e r ............................ ........ - 2 .8 8. 5 5.4 5.4 - 5.1 2.5 2. 6 - 19.4 19.4 17.3 7.1 19.8 18.5 15.7 3.0 11.5 11.5 11.5 10.5 14.2 14.2 10.3 - - - ~ 49.5 49.5 41.4 3.4 4.9 20.7 4.5 2.4 1.9 2 .2 1 .2 8.1 8. 1 - 68.7 6 8 .0 31.7 4.9 18.9 4.1 3.8 32.4 32.4 25.8 1 .6 3.4 9.1 8.3 2 .2 1 .2 6 .6 6 .6 " 46.0 46.0 2 0 .8 - 17.5 17.5 10.5 8 .2 Th ir d or o t h e r la te shift W o r k e r s in e s ta bl is hm en ts with th i r d or o t h e r late shift p r o v i s i o n s ........... Wi th shift d i f f e r e n t i a l ................. U n if or m cents per h o u r ................ 10 c e n t s ............................... 11 c e n t s ............................... 12 c e n t s ............................... 15 c e n t s ............ .................. 18 c e n t s ............ .................. 20 c e n t s ............................... 35 c e n t s .............................. U n if or m p e r c e n t a g e ..................... 5 p e r c e n t .............................. 10 p e r c e n t ............................ Full d a y ’s pay for r e du ce d h o u r s. .. . O t h e r ..................................... 1 0 .2 2 .1 2 .1 - - 1 R efer to p o lic ies of esta b lish m en ts cu rren tly operating la te sh ifts or having p ro v isio n s covering la te sh ifts. 2 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown sep a ra tely . 2.5 1 0 .2 2 .8 1 .0 - - 2.3 7.1 .9 3.9 2.5 1.5 - 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 - - - 2.1 14.9 3.8 7.5 7.5 7.8 9.8 NOTE: B eca u se of rounding, sum s of individual ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls. Table 26. Paid holidays (P e r c e n t o f p roduction and o ffic e w o rk e rs in w ood household fu rniture (e xce p t uph olstered) m anufacturing establish m en ts with fo rm a l p r o v is io n s f o r paid holid ays, Unites States and s e le cte d re gio n s, Number of pa i d holidays U n it ed St a t e s 1 New E n gl an d Middle Atlantic Border St a t e s South east So u t h west Great L a ke s P a ci fi c Production workers All w o r k e r s ................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 W o r k e r s in es ta b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g paid h o l i d a y s .................... le ss th a n 3 d a y s ........................... 3 d a y s ....................................... 4 d a y s or 4 pl u s 1 half d a y ............. 5 d a y s ....................................... 6 d a y s ....................................... 6 da ys plus 1 or 2 half d a y s ............ 7 d a y s .............................. ........ 7 d a ys plus 1 half d a y ................... 7 d a y s pl u s 2 ha l f d a y s .................. 8 d a y s ....................................... 8 d a y s plus 1 or 2 half d a y s ............ 9 d a y s ....................................... 9 da ys pl us 1 or 2 half d a y s ............ 10 days or 10 p l us 1 half d a y ........... 11 days or m o r e ............................ 95 2 10 7 13 13 1 10 2 1 10 1 17 1 6 2 100 3 11 4 18 8 3 14 4 23 1 7 2 100 15 1 6 5 16 1 13 14 11 18 95 7 13 31 20 3 9 1 3 5 1 92 2 19 6 23 12 8 1 6 10 5 88 4 1 15 16 25 2 21 5 - 100 1 1 18 2 14 1 3 15 2 29 1 12 1 100 1 19 6 3 12 3 48 7 1 All w o r k e r s ................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 1 5 2 8 23 2 11 3 1 13 1 19 100 1 3 2 17 7 4 28 1 100 12 1 3 7 20 1 33 100 4 1 4 8 60 1 10 3 5 88 19 4 15 18 10 2 8 6 100 (2) 23 3 11 3 3 11 4 29 7 12 4 4 7 98 4 38 15 25 1 9 6 - 3 7 18 " ~ 100 2 19 2 3 2 26 38 6 2 O f f i c e w o rk er s W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g paid h o l i d a y s .................... Le ss th a n 3 d a y s ........................... 3 d a y s ....................................... 4 da y s or 4 pl us 1 half d a y ............. 5 days or 5 p l u s 2 half d a y s ............ 6 d a y s ....................................... 6 da y s plus 1 or 2 half d a y s ............ 7 d a y s ....................................... 7 da ys plus 1 ha lf d a y ................... 7 da y s pl us 2 ha lf d a y s .................. 8 d a y s ....................................... 8 da ys plus 1 or 2 half d a y s ............ 9 da y s plus 1 or 2 half d a y s ............ 10 d a ys or 10 pl us 1 half d a y ........... 11 da y s or m o r e ............................ 1 Includes data for region s in addition to those shown sep a ra g ely . L e s s than 0 .5 p ercen t. 1 17 11 ( 2) .NOTE: B eca u se of rounding, sum s of individual ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls. Table 27. Paid vacations (P ercen t of produ ction and o ffic e w o rk e rs in w ood household fu rniture (except u p h o lstered ) m anufacturing establish m en ts with fo rm a l p ro v is io n s fo r paid vacation s after s e le cte d p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e , United States and s e le cte d re g io n s , N ovem ber 1974) V a c a t io n p o l i c y U n ite d S ta tes i New E n gland M id d le A tla n tic B order S ta te s S o u th east S ou th w est G rea t Lakes P a c ific P r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s A l l w o r k e r s .................................................................. 100 10 0 100 10 0 10 0 100 100 100 M ethod o f paym ent W orkers in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s ........................................ Len gth o f tim e paym ent........................................ P e r c e n t a g e paym en t................................................. 98 65 33 100 60 40 100 86 14 97 45 52 96 54 42 94 83 11 10 0 65 35 10 0 10 0 * 1 77 6 9 3 1 2 93 6 - 99 1 - 91 2 - 3 61 6 17 7 2 92 _ 76 19 5 _ 86 3 11 _ _ 1 62 11 15 6 1 2 48 34 16 - 70 20 10 - 84 4 3 2 - 3 52 6 19 14 3 93 1 - 50 27 23 _ - 76 3 21 _ _ 2 33 39 25 1 30 30 40 - 65 10 15 2 _ 3 44 6 26 14 3 74 3 18 _ 17 40 37 5 _ _ 7 3 90 _ _ 2 93 4 1 - 8 3 71 16 1 - 45 10 41 2 - 1 16 2 59 3 13 4 15 79 - 2 1 74 19 4 _ 4 3 71 22 - 3 45 5 39 5 4 16 1 42 1 24 13 15 2 1 27 21 46 3 - 4 3 16 Amount o f v a c a t i o n pay 2 A fte r 1 year o f s e r v ic e : Under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w eek..................................................................... .. Over 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ................................... 2 w ee k s........................................................................... Over 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s................................... 3 w eeks............................................................................ A fte r 2 years o f s e r v ic e : under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w eek.............................................................................. Over 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s................................... 2 w eek s............................................................................ Over 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s................................... 3 w e e k s............................................................................ A fte r 3 y ea rs o f s e r v ic e : under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w eek.............................................................................. O ver 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ................................... 2 w ee k s............................................................................ Over 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s . . . . . ....................... 3 w eeks............................................................................ A fte r 5 years o f s e r v ic e : Under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w eek.............................................................................. Over 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s................................... 2 w eeks............................................................................ Over 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s .................................. 3 w e e k s........................................................................... Over 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ................................... A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w eek.............................................................................. Over 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ................................... 2 w e e k s............................................................................ Over 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s................................... 3 w eeks............................................................................ Over 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s ................................... 4 w e e k s .......................................................................... A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w eek.............................................................................. Over 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s ................................... 2 w ee k s..................................... ...................................... O ver 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ................................... 3 w eeks............................................................................ Over 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ................................... 4 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 4 and u n d er 5 w e e k s . . .............................. See footn otes at end o f table, 1 39 16 34 7 1 (3) 15 3 64 6 8 2 14 1 38 8 29 ' 6 1 14 1 22 3 44 7 7 ( 3> 1 1 i ' ; i 2 - - - 49 32 14 4 32 18 47 - 2 35 6 53 - 4 - - - 3 8 45 27 8 17 - 16 1 27 1 35 9 6 - 63 19 7 - 69 - 10 - 15 20 59 - 1 1 10 5 66 9 8 - 62 - 15 4 3 16 43 8 25 Table 27. Paid vacations — Continued (P e r c e n t o f p rod u ction and o ffic e w ork ers in w ood household fu rn itu re (except u p h o lste red ) m anufacturing establish m en ts with fo r fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r paid vacations after s e le cte d p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e , United States and se le cte d re g io n s , N ovem ber 1974) V a c a t io n p o l i c y U n ite d S ta tes 1 New E n gla n d M id d le A tla n tic B order S ta tes S o u th east S o u th w est G rea t L akes P a c ific O f f i c e w o rk e rs A l l w o r k e r s .................................................................. 100 10 0 100 100 10 0 100 100 100 M ethod o f payment W ork ers i n e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s ....................................... L e n g th o f t im e paym ent....................................... P e r c e n t a g e paym en t................................................. 99 93 6 100 98 2 10 0 93 7 100 96 4 96 8$ 10 97 84 13 10 0 95 5 10 0 10 0 - 1 58 3 34 1 (3) 1 3 52 46 - 76 1 23 - 53 42 - 3 39 44 5 1 3 86 10 - 1 57 13 29 - 62 38 - 1 39 9 48 1 (3) 1 3 13 84 - 48 19 32 - 43 5 46 2 - 2 30 2 52 5 2 3 85 12 - 1 35 20 43 <3 > - 35 65 - 1 22 10 63 1 1 1 3 10 87 - 26 19 54 - 30 6 58 2 - 2 26 4 53 5 3 3 66 31 - 1 8 24 66 ( 3) <3> - 5 95 - ( 3) 7 2 81 4 3 1 3 97 1 - 7 3 84 6 - 7 5 83 3 2 - 1 9 1 74 1 8 3 26 70 - 4 2 80 10 3 - 3 92 5 - 7 1 46 6 39 1 1 3 60 4 34 1 32 7 59 9 - - 45 6 42 52 29 3 3 26 66 5 - 3 3 39 16 38 <3) - 2 29 69 - 6 1 26 36 35 - 3 30 ( 3) 55 3 8 “ . Amount o f v a c a t i o n pay 2 A fte r 1 year o f s e r v ic e : Under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w e e k . . . . .................................................................... Over 1 and u n d er 2 w ee k s................................... 2 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s.................................. 3 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s .................................. A fte r 2 years o f s e r v ic e : Under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w e e k .............................................................................. O ver 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s................. ................ 2 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s.................................. 3 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s.................................. A fte r 3 y ea rs o f s e r v ic e : Under 1 w e e k ........................................................ .. 1 w eek ............................................................................. O ver 1 and u n d e r 2 w ee k s.................................. 2 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s.................................. 3 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 3 and u n d er 4 w eek s.................................. A fte r 5 years o f s e r v ic e : under 1 w eek................................................................ 1 w e e k .............................................................................. O ver 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s......................... .. 2 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s.................................. 3 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s.................................. A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w e e k .............................................................................. O ver 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s.................................. 2 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 2 and u nd er 3 w ee k s.................................. 3 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s.................................. O ver 4 and u n d er 5 w e e k s .................................. A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w eek .............................................................................. O ver 1 and un d er 2 w ee k s.................................. 2 w e e k s . . ....................................................................... O ver 2 and u n d er 3 w ee k s.................................. 3 w e e k s ............................................................................ O ver 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s.................................. 4 w e e k s ............................................................................ Over 4 and u n d er 5 w e e k s.................................. See footn otes at end o f table, - 2 3 32 63 - 9 2 1 - 33 <3) 47 7 - - - - 1 7 40 53 - 16 53 6 24 - 9 41 1 28 3 11 3 2 29 5"2 17 - Table 27. Paid vacations — Continued (P ercen t of p rod u ction and o ffic e w o rk e rs in w ood h ousehold fu rn itu re (except u p h o lste re d ) m anufacturing establish m en ts with fo rm a l p r o v is io n s fo r paid vacation s after s e le cte d p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e , United States and s e le cte d re g io n s , N ovem ber 1974) V acation p o lic y United States 4 Hew England over 1 ailQ ullvlci £• weONO •••••••••••••** OV6t z an a u n a e i j wccao•••••••••■•••*• Over ^ ana u na er u w e e n s.................... .. 0V€E * 1 Sind under D W KS • •••••••••••••• cc ^ ^ 3 a a | ( Border States I I Sootheast Gr e a t La ke s | South west Pacific P rod u ction w o rk e rs Am ount o f vacation pay2 I f te r 20 years of service: 4 B i dd le Atlantic 14 1 22 3 35 7 13 1 2 2 - 35 6 29 9 15 4 - 3 8 55 1 20 13 - 45 27 8 14 3 - 16 1 27 1 32 9 9 56 3 “ " - - 9 41 1 21 3 18 3 26 4 3 16 1 1 10 5 38 15 28 15 20 37 8 16 1 15 O ffice w o rk e rs if t e r 20 ye ar s o f service: 4 1 w eek. . . . .. ..__^ _____ w^ Over 1 ana un a er z w e e n s•• ••••••••••••• o v e r z ana unuci j w t j c a o •••••• •• *• ** Over 3 and under h weeivs•• •• ••••••••••• over ana unacx. 3 ■w i w o •••••••••••••■* 6 (*) 33 (3) 34 4 20 1 (’) 1 Includes data fo r re gio n s in addition to those shown s e p ara te ly . * V acation p aym en ts, such as p e r c e n t o f annual e arn in gs, w e re converted to an equivalent tim e b a s is . P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re chosen a r b itra rily and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t individual establishm ent p ro v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . F o r exam ple changes indicated at 10 years m ay include change that o c c u r r e d betw een 3 - 32 - 46 4 16 - 1 16 44 1 38 - 7 40 43 10 - ” 33 37 ” _ 2 31 <s> 22 12 31 2 29 “ 47 22 1 5 and 10 y e a r s . 3 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. 4 V acation p r o v is io n s w ere v irtu a lly the sam e after lon ger p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e . N OTE: B ecau se o f rounding, not equal totals. sum s o f individual item s m ay Table 28. Health, insurance, and retirement plans (P e r c e n t o f p ro d u c tio n and o ffic e w o rk e rs in w ood household furniture (except u p h o lste re d ) m anufacturing e stablish m en ts with s p e c ifie d health, in su ran ce, and r e tire m e n t plans, United States and s elected r e g io n s , N ovem ber 1974) T yp e o f p la n 1 U n ite d S ta te s 2 New England M id d le A tla n tic B order S ta tes S o u th east S o u th w est G re a t L akes P a c ific U n ite d S ta tes 2 New E n gland M id d le A tla n tic Pr o d u c t i o i i w o rk e rs A l l w o r k e r s ..................................................... B order S ta tes S ou th east S o u th w e st G rea t L akes P a c ific O f f i c e w o rk e rs 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 94 52 98 69 99 82 93 34 96 34 95 48 96 75 77 69 92 58 100 73 85 69 90 31 95 46 94 53 94 69 82 73 69 41 91 63 80 67 40 18 71 24 52 31 79 61 77 69 74 50 95 69 71 58 55 22 70 35 62 37 84 65 81 72 69 74 73 82 63 61 88 47 70 91 73 75 53 46 92 49 64 36 69 48 67 59 82 34 59 21 59 28 84 61 32 32 50 36 65 42 61 54 30 23 36 19 29 14 86 64 25 25 4 - 7 - 5 2 1 10 35 48 17 51 34 17 35 36 3 5 2 97 52 97 52 90 50 83 45 72 70 68 3 1 4 - - - - 100 43 100 43 99 42 74 36 72 72 72 4 - 100 70 100 70 93 67 57 36 80 78 73 2 96 53 96 53 90 50 86 48 82 82 79 4 4 97 32 97 32 84 30 86 29 75 71 71 5 ' 1 _ - 10 3 9 11 3 96 76 96 76 95 75 78 66 65 64 56 2 1 5 3 3 93 82 93 82 93 82 93 82 66 66 63 6 19 12 98 63 98 63 93 62 88 58 66 64 62 2 1 15 2 2 100 55 100 55 99 54 86 54 71 71 71 17 9 5 93 69 93 69 90 67 69 52 69 64 60 4 4 2 29 25 99 61 99 61 95 58 91 57 90 90 89 9 28 10 100 77 100 77 99 76 89 68 59 58 56 1 <•» 4 16 16 94 82 94 82 94 82 94 82 50 50 49 W ork ers i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g ; * 0) L i f e i n s u r a n c e ................................................ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .......................... A c c i d e n t a l d e a t h and dism em berm ent i n s u r a n c e ....................... W o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ......................... S i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k l e a v e o r b o t h 3 ............................ S i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ..................................................... N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .................... S ic k l e a v e ( f u l l p a y . no w a it i n g p e r i o d ) ............................... S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l pay o r w a it i n g p e r i o d ) ............................... L o n g -te r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e . . . . N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .......................... H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e ..................... N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .......................... S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e ...................................... N c n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .......................... H e d ic a l i n s u r a n c e ......................................... N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .......................... ( la j o r m e d ic a l i n s u r a n c e .......................... N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s .......................... R e t ir e m e n t p l a n s 4 ................................... Pens i o n s .......................................................... N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ..................... S e v e r a n c e p a y .............................................. No p l a n s ....................... ....................................... - - - 1 "N on con tribu tory p la n s " includ e only th ose plans financed e n tire ly by the e m p lo y e r . L ega lly r e q u ir e d plans such as w o r k e r s ' co m p e n sa tio n and s o c ia l se cu rity a re excluded; how ever, plans r e qu ired by state te m p o r a r y d is a b ility law s a r e included if the e m p lo y e r contribu tes m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d o r the e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e b en efits in e x c e s s o f le g a l req u ire m e n ts. 2 Inclu des data fo r re g io n s in addition to th ose shown se p a ra te ly. 3 U nduplicated to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g sick n e ss and accid en t insurance and s ick leave shown s e p a ra te ly . 21 - 98 57 98 57 98 57 97 56 62 62 62 - - - 7 _ - ~ _ 17 12 99 48 99 48 84 46 92 45 68 62 62 6 (5) _ 19 9 96 59 96 59 96 59 94 57 48 48 39 - 4 Unduplicated total o f w o rk e rs c o v e r e d by p en sion s and se v e r a n c e pay shown sep a ra tely. 5 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. N OTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls . 6 Table 29. Other selected benefits (P e rce n t of p roduction and o ffic e w o rk e rs in w ood household furn itu re (e x ce p t uph olstered) m anufacturing establish m en ts with fo rm a l p r o v is io n s fo r funeral leave pay, ju ry duty pay, and tech n o lo g ica l se v e ra n ce pay United States and se le cte d reg ion s, N ovem ber 1974) Type o f b e n e f i t 1 U nited S ta te s 2 New England R id d le A t la n t ic B order S ta te s South ea st South west Great la k e s 30 38 - 67 55 13 33 29 3 37 47 71 64 11 25 32 4 P a c ific • P rod u ction workers Workers in e sta b lish m e n ts w ith p ro v is io n s f o r : T e c h n o lo g ic a l severa n ce pay................................ 38 53 3 71 77 66 39 - - 23 68 - 23 56 1 O f f i c e w orkers Workers in e sta b lish m e n ts with p r o v is io n s f o r : T e c h n o lo g ic a l severa n ce p a y . . . ......................... 1 F o r definition fo item s, see appendix A. 50 59 5 85 90 - 69 48 - 35 82 12 33 52 ~ ' 2 Includes data fo r region s in addition to those shown sep arately. Appendix A. Regression Analysis C o n v e n tio n a l m e th o d s o f an a ly zin g w age variation s using or $ 2 .9 0 i f o th e r th in g s are h eld c o n sta n t. I f th ese w ork ers c r o ss-ta b u la tio n s (sim p le reg ressio n ) o f d ata ty p ic a lly sto p are lo c a te d in a m e tr o p o lita n area, a n o th er 7 c e n ts is a d d ed sh ort o f m easu rin g th e in d e p e n d e n t in flu e n c e o n w age to th e c o n sta n t term . T h u s in c lu d e d , th e average h o u r ly lev els o f su ch fa cto rs as size o f e sta b lish m e n t, lo c a tio n , and earnings w o u ld b e raised to $ 2 .9 7 . u n io n co n tr a c t sta tu s. T he in d e p e n d e n t e ffe c t o f u n io n iz a Wage d iffe r e n c e s fo u n d b y a sim p le c ro ss-ta b u la tio n can tio n o n earn in gs, for e x a m p le , m a y be o b scu red so m e w h a t be la b eled gross d iffe r e n tia ls, and th o s e iso la te d b y regres b y earnings d iffe r e n tia ls a sso cia ted w ith larger e sta b lish sion te c h n iq u e s, n e t d iffe r e n tia ls. A s illu stra ted in ta b le A -2 , m e n ts and lo c a tio n in m e tr o p o lita n areas—tw o ch aracteris n e t d iffe r e n tia ls are g en era lly sm aller th a n gross d iffe r e n tics g en erally fo u n d m o re o fte n w ith u n io n th a n n o n u n io n tia ls. T he sm aller size o f n e t w age d iffe r e n tia ls is to b e e x esta b lish m e n ts. p e c te d , b eca u se o f th e a fo r e m e n tio n e d te n d e n c y fo r ch arac o f iso la tin g th e in d e p e n d e n t e ff e c t o n teristics a sso c ia te d w ith h igh er w a g es, su ch as u n io n iz a tio n w ages o f various e sta b lish m e n t and w ork er ch a racteristics and m e tr o p o lita n lo c a tio n , to b e fo u n d in c o m b in a tio n . O ne m e th o d is m u ltip le regression . B y th is m e th o d , th e e stim a te d w age R egression te c h n iq u e s, th u s , p erm it a m o re p recise m ea su re d iffe r e n tia l for a given variable is d eterm in ed in d e p e n d e n tly m e n t o f th e im p a ct o f in d ivid u al fa c to r s o n th e w age stru c o f th e in flu e n c e o f o th e r su rvey variables. T he variables ture o f an in d u str y . in c lu d e d in tab le A -l R egression resu lts h e lp to clarify or su b sta n tia te o b serv a are d e fin e d , w h ere n ecessa ry , in a p p e n d ix B , S c o p e and M eth o d o f S u rvey. tio n s m ad e from sim p le cro ss-ta b u la tio n s. A s m e n tio n e d in In th e regression a n a ly sis, o n e c a te g o r y o f ea ch o f th e th e m ain part o f th is rep o rt, variation in w ages b y p rin cip al variables in th e e q u a tio n is n o t sh o w n e x p lic itly , b u t its fu rn itu re m a n u fa ctu red are in flu e n c e d b y th e d istr ib u tio n in flu e n c e is e m b o d ie d in th e co n sta n t term . In tab le A - l , o f w ork ers a m o n g h igh and lo w p a y in g reg io n s. T he regres th e r e fo r e , th e ca teg o ries rep resen ted b y th e c o n sta n t term sion are n o n m e tr o p o lita n area, sm all e m p lo y m e n t siz e , th e tw o k itc h e n ca b in e t m an u fa ctu rin g w ere h ig h ly sig n ifica n t even p rin cip al p r o d u c ts o f b e d r o o m and d in in g r o o m /k itc h e n w h e n region al and o th e r fa c to r s are h eld c o n sta n t. N e t d if fu rn itu re, n o n u n io n p la n t, and S o u th e a s t. F or th e se le c te d feren tials o f th e se p la n ts over th o s e m ak in g b e d r o o m or in d ic a te s th a t w age d iffe r e n tia ls a sso c ia te d w ith o c c u p a tio n s, fem a le w ork er and p a y m e n t o n a tim e basis dining r o o m /k itc h e n fu rn itu re ranged from 18 to 9 7 c e n ts w ere a d d e d .1 T he average w age lev el relatin g to th is set o f a m on g th e jo b s stu d ied sep a ra tely . su p p ressed ch aracteristics is rep resen ted b y th e value o f th e It sh o u ld b e em p h a siz e d th a t th e regression an alysis is c o n sta n t te r m , and th e c o e ffic ie n ts o f th e e x p lic it variables n o t su ffic ie n tly c o m p le te to say w ith c e r ta in ty th a t w e have rep resen t th e d iffe r e n tia ls a sso cia ted w ith ca teg o ries o f th e m easu red th e tru ly in d e p e n d e n t im p a ct o n w age lev els o f ch aracteristics w h ic h d iffer from th e b asic set e m b o d ie d in particular ch a ra cteristics. A s tab le A -l sh o w s, th e regression th e c o n sta n t. an alysis le f t u n e x p la in e d a b o u t 5 6 p ercen t o f th e variation T o d e te r m in e th e e ffe c ts o f th e c o e ffic ie n ts o n average in average earnings lev els for all p r o d u c tio n w ork ers and b e w age le v e ls, su b stitu te th e valu es o f th e n e w variables in tw e e n 3 9 and 5 9 p ercen t o f th e variation in earnings fo r tab le A -l fo r th o s e su p p ressed in th e c o n sta n t term . F or e x th e five se le c te d o c c u p a tio n s . (S e e c o e ffic ie n t o f d e te r m in a a m p le , i f th e p r o d u c tio n w ork ers are in a u n io n sh o p , th e tio n , R 2 .) T his m ea n s th a t o th e r fa c to r s, b e y o n d th e sc o p e e stim a te d average h o u r ly earnings are h igher b y 2 7 c e n ts , o f th e su r v e y , u n d o u b te d ly in flu e n c e d th e e stim a te s. H o w ever, b y h o ld in g c o n sta n t th o s e ch aracteristics w ith in th e 1For assemblers, the subcategory subassemblies is also embodied in the constant. survey sc o p e , a d e fin ite im p r o v e m e n t in th e e stim a te s for sp e c ifie d ch aracteristics w as o b ta in e d . 48 Table A-1. Regression analysis of average hourly earnings, all production workers and selected occupations, wood house hold furniture (except upholstered) manufacturing. United States, November 1974 Selected occupations Variable All production workers Assem blers, fu rn itu re (except chairs) O ffbearers, machine Rip-saw operators Sanders, fu rn itu re, machine Tenoner operators (set-up and operate) $ 2 .6 3 (.07) .16 (.07) .07 (.07) .27 (.07) $ 2 .2 2 (.07) .20 (.05) .02 (.05) .19 (.05) $ 2 .3 2 (.05) .02 (.04) .11 (.04) .09 (.05) $2.51 (.11) .06 (.08) .11 (.07) .21 (.08) $ 2 .4 0 (.08) .21 (.05) .18 (.06) .14 (.06) $ 2 .7 5 (.23) .36 (.09) .04 (.08) .05 (.10) .69 (.10) -.18 (.12) -.08 (.08) .97 (.07) -.16 (.08) .01 (.06) .57 (.08) .04 (.09) -.04 (.06) .52 (.12) -.26 (.16) -.17 (.08) .49 (.09) -.10 (.10) -.19 (.06) .18 (.13) .05 (.17) -.06 (.11) .28 (.13) .17 (.13) .04 (.11) -.21 (.0 9) .08 (.07) -.47 (.09) .16 (.08) .65 (.09) .39 (.05) .50 (.05) .26 (.0 5) .13 (.06) .21 (.11) .48 (.09) -.09 (.05) -.07 (.10) .41 (.08) .81 (.10) .11 (.04) .41 (.06) - .14 (.14) .17 (.15) -.12 (.10) -.27 (.14) .38 (.12) 1.37 (.12) .22 (.09) .49 (.10) - .48 (.11) .30 (.11) -.06 (.07) -.17 (.11) .39 (.09) .58 (.10) .33 (.05) .50 (.06) - .33 (.22) .16 (.19) -.05 (.13) -.47 (.14) .37 (.14) 1.35 (.16) .32 (.20) .28 (.10) - C o n s ta n t.............................................................................................................. M etropolitan a r e a ............................................................................................. 2 5 0 workers or m o r e ....................................................................................... Union s h o p .......................................................................................................... Principal product: Kitchen cabinets................................................................................... R ad io-T V cabinets................................................................................ Other living room f u r n i t u r e ............................................................ Regions: New E n g lan d .......................................................................................... Middle A t l a n t i c ................................................................................... Border States.......................................................................................... (.09) -.20 (.13) .42 (.10) .68 (.12) S o u th w e s t............................................................................................. Great L a k e s .......................................................................................... < P acific....................................................................................................... Male w o r k e r .................................................................................................... - Incentive pay s y s te m ...................................................................................... - Assembling complete pieces (case g o od s).................................................. - Assembling complete pieces (except case g o o d s ) ................................. - Statistical inform ation: C oefficient of determ ination (R 1 ) .................................................. 2 Standard error of the e s tim a te ........................................................ Mean ( Y ) ................................................................................................ N um ber of observations ( N ) ............................................................ Num ber of establishments (S) ......................................................... .44 $ 0 .5 2 $ 3 .0 5 33 6 336 1 Less than $ 0 .0 5 . .61 $ 0 .3 5 $2.71 39 0 24 6 .58 $ 0 .5 0 $ 3 .1 5 313 242 .41 $ 0 .5 3 $ 3 .0 6 62 8 266 .60 $ 0 .5 0 $ 3 .5 8 199 63 about 19 out of 2 0 th at the difference would be less than twice the standard error. Y is the mean of the earnings (dependent) variable weighted by production workers, N is the number of observations used in each regression equation, treating tim e and incentive workers, men and wom en, and subclassifications of assemblers and sanders in a firm as separate observations. S is the number of establishments in the sample or w ith employees in the occupations shown above. N O TE : Dashes indicate not applicable. Numbers in parenthesis are standard errors. Since the regression coefficients are based on a sample, they may differ from the figures that would have been obtained from a complete census of the industry. Chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would d iffer from those in a total census-derived value by less than the standard error, and .50 $ 0 .6 2 $ 3 .0 8 915 308 49 Table A-2. Earnings differentials associated with selected characteristics, wood household furniture (except upholstered) industry, November 1974 Selected occupations Characteristic All production workers Assem blers, fu rn itu re (except chairs) O ffbearers, machine Rip-saw operators Sanders, fu rn itu re, machine Tenoner operators set-up and operate) $ 0 .4 4 .16 (.07) $ 0 .4 5 .20 (.05) $ 0 .2 4 .02 (.04) $ 0 .5 4 .06 (.08) $ 0 .3 4 .21 (.05) $ 0 .6 6 .36 (.09) .64 .27 (.07) .52 .19 (.05) .59 .09 (.05) .76 .21 (.08) .56 .14 (.06) .68 .05 (.10) 1.08 .68 (.12) 1.26 .65 (.09) 1.10 .81 (.10) 1.55 1.37 (.12) .82 .58 (.1 0 ) 1.64 1.35 (.16) 1.07 .69 (.10) 1.23 .97 (.07) 1.03 .57 (.08) 1.05 .52 (.12) .81 .49 (.09) .84 .18 (.13) M e tro p o lita n vs. rionm etropolitan area: Gross d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................ N et d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................... * Union vs. nonunion: Gross d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................ N et d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................... Pacific vs. Southeast: Gross d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................ Net d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................... Kitchen cabinets vs. bedroom and dining room fu rn itu re: Gross d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................ Net d i f f e r e n t ia l................................................................................... 50 Appendix B. Scope and Method of Survey factory basis and camp furniture weije included. Separate auxiliary units such as central offices were excluded., Establishments studied were selected from those employ ing 20 workers or more at the time of reference of the data used in compiling the universe lists. Table B-l shows the number of establishments and workers estimated to be within the scope of the survey, as well as the, number ac tually studied by the Bureau. Scope of survey The survey included establishments engaged primarily in manufacturing wood household furniture (except uphol stered) commonly used in dwellings (SIC 2511 as defined in the 1967 edition of the S ta n d a rd In du strial Classification M anual , prepared by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget). Manufacturers of wood kitchen cabinets on a Table B-1. Estimated number of establishments and workers within scope of study and number actually studied, wood household furniture (except upholstered) manufacturing industry, November 1974 Num ber of Region, 1 state, and area 2 Workers in establishments A ctu ally studied W ithin scope of study W ithin scope of study A ctually studied T o ta l4 Production workers O ffice workers Total United States5 ................................................................................ 1,121 336 1 4 4,22 7 12 2 ,3 5 0 6 ,6 1 3 8 2 ,6 6 6 New E ng land....................................................................................................... 82 30 8 ,7 7 6 6 ,9 6 2 65 0 5,421 1,683 5,5 7 4 1,1 36 1 3 ,606 1,454 1 2 ,7 7 9 3 1 ,6 9 8 9 ,3 7 6 19 178 12 55 7 36 302 45 1,527 10 ,912 1,0 60 1 5 ,710 1,288 1 4 ,284 4 8 ,3 7 2 1 1 ,475 10 15 1,3 23 7,6 0 5 1,071 6 ,7 3 7 47 254 857 5,471 16 22 13 72 13 13 29 35 9 ,4 4 4 9 ,3 8 9 5,9 8 7 2 3 ,4 3 0 2 ,0 5 4 2 ,3 8 3 10 ,9 0 5 13 ,9 2 2 8 ,5 4 6 7,7 4 8 5 ,1 0 3 19 ,255 1,717 1,912 9 ,2 4 2 11 ,562 28 6 525 29 6 1,401 90 169 56 ^ 626 6,221 6 ,9 0 3 4 ,9 7 7 ; 13 ,984 1,5 84 2 ,1 0 2 7,4 7 0 4 ,6 3 6 109 A rk a n s a s ................................................................................................ Great L a k e s ....................................................................................................... Chicago, II I ............................................................................................... Grand Rapids, M ic h .............................................................................. In d ia n a .................................................................................................... P acific................................................................................ .................................... Los Angeles-Long Beach, C a lif....................................................................................... 1,892 13 ,4 4 8 1,297 1 8 ,4 2 0 1,5 39 16 ,6 8 6 5 4 ,5 7 5 12 ,7 2 6 34 73 28 204 29 18 65 190 S o u t h w e s t ................................................................................................................................................................ 11 41 9 27 6 21 101 25 24 36 Gardner, M a s s ...................................................................................... Middle A t l a n t i c ................................................................................................ Jamestown, N. Y ................................................................................... Border States....................................................................................................... Louisville, K y .-ln d ................................................................................ V ir g in ia .................................................................................................... S ou theast.............................................................................................................. Hickory-Statesville, N .C ...................................................................... M iam i and Fort-Lauderdale— H ollyw oo d, F la .................................................................. ... Tennessee................................................................................................. W inston -S alem High Point, N . C .............................................................................. 21 7 ,2 0 4 5 ,9 4 4 33 3 2,5 8 5 data include areas in addition to those shown separately. 2 For d e fin itio n of the selected areas, see fo otn ote 1, tables 9 -12, 14-17, and 20. 3 Includes only establishments w ith 20 workers or more at the tim e of reference of the universe data. 4 Includes executive, professional and other workers excluded from the production and office worker categories shown separately. 5 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown separately. Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the study. JThe regions used in this study include: N e w E n g la n d — Con necticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and V erm o nt; M i d d l e A t l a n t i c — New Jersey, New Y o rk , and Pen nsylvania; B o r d e r S t a t e s — Delaware, District of Columbia, K entucky, M aryland, Virginia, and West Virginia; S o u t h e a s t — Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee; S o u t h w e s t — Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; G r e a t L a k e s — Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin; and P a c if ic — California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. Regional 16 4 811^ 93 987 91 863 . 1,4 88 257 51 Products of job descriptions designed to take account of interestab lishment and interarea variations in duties within the same job. (See appendix C for these descriptions.) The criteria for selection of the occupations were: The number of workers in the occupation; the usefulness of the data in col lective bargaining; and appropriate representation of the entire job scale in the industry. Working supervisors, appren tices, learners, beginners, trainees, and handicapped, parttime, temporary, and probationary workers were not re ported in the data for selected occupations but were in cluded in the data for all production workers. Classification of establishments by product was based on the principal type of furniture manufactured. For ex ample, if 40 percent of the total value of an establishment’s production was bedroom furniture, 30 percent was dining room and kitchen furniture, and 30 percent was living room, library, and hall furniture, all workers in that establishment were considered as producing bedroom furniture. Method of study Data were obtained by personal visits of the Bureau’s field staff to a representative sample of establishments with in the scope of the survey. To obtain appropriate accuracy at a minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments was studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments were given an appropriate weight. All estimates are presented, therefore, as relating to ah establishments in the industry, excluding only those below the minimum size at the time of reference of the universe data. Wage data Information on wages relates to straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Incentive payments, such as those resulting from piecework or production bonus systems, and cost-of-living bonuses were included as part of the workers’ regular pay. Nonproduction bonus payments, such as Christmas or yearend bonuses, were excluded. A verage (m ea n ) h o u rly rates o r earnings for each occu pation or category of workers, such as production workers, were calculated by weighting each rate (or hourly earnings) by the number of workers receiving the rate, totaling, and dividing by the number of individuals. The hourly earnings of salaried workers were obtained by dividing straight-time salary by normal (or standard) hours to which the salary corresponds. Establishment definition An establishment is defined for this study as a single physical location where manufacturing operations are per formed. An establishment is not necessarily identical with a company, which may consist of one establishment or more. The m edian designates position; that is, one-half of the employees surveyed received more than this rate and onehalf received less. The m id d le range is defined by two rates of pay such that one-fourth of the employees earned less than the lower of these rates and one-fourth earned more than the higher rate. Employment Estimates of the number of workers within the scope of the study are intended as a general guide to the size and composition of the industry’s labor force, rather than as precise measures of employment. Size of community Production workers and office workers Tabulations by size of community pertain to metropol itan and nonmetropolitan areas. The term “metropolitan areas,” as used in this bulletin, refers to the Standard Metro politan Statistical Areas as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget through February 1974. Except in New England, a Standard Metropolitan Statis tical Area is defined as a county or group of contiguous counties which contains at least one city of 50,000 inhabi tants or more. Counties contiguous to the one containing such a city are included in a Standard Metropolitan Statis tical Area if, according to certain criteria, they are essen tially metropolitan in character and are socially and eco nomically integrated with the central city. In New England, where the city and town are administratively more impor tant than the county, they are the units used in defining Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas. The terms “production workers” and “production and related workers,” used interchangeably in this bulletin, in clude working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers engaged in nonoffice activities. Administrative, executive, professional, and technical personnel, and force-account construction employees, who are used as a separate work force on the firm’s own properties, are excluded. “Office workers” includes all nonsupervisory office workers and excludes administrative, executive, profes sional, and technical employees. Occupations selected for study Occupational classification was based on a uniform set 52 Labor-management agreements Supplementary benefits Separate wage data are presented, where possible, for establishments that had (1) a majority of the production workers covered by labor-management contracts, and (2) none or a minority of the production workers covered by labor-management contracts. Supplementary benefits in an establishment were con sidered applicable to all production (office) workers if they applied to half or more of such workers in the establish ment. Similarly, if fewer than half of the workers were cov ered, the benefit was considered nonexistent in the estab lishment. Because of length-of-service and other eligibility requirements, the proportion of workers receiving the bene fits may be smaller than estimated. Method of wage payment Tabulations by method of wage payment relate to the number of workers paid under the various time and incen tive wage systems. Formal rate structures for time-rated workers provide single rates or a range of rates for indi vidual job categories. In the absence of a formal rate struc ture, pay rates are determined primarily by the qualifica tions of the individual worker. A single rate structure is one in which the same rate is paid to all experienced workers in the same job classification. (Learners, apprentices, or proba tionary workers may be paid according to rate schedules which start below the single rate and permit the workers to achieve the full job rate over a period of time.) An exper ienced worker occasionally may be paid above or below the single rate for special reasons, but such payments are excep tions. Range-of-rate plans are those in which the minimum, maximum, or both of these rates paid experienced workers for the same job are specified. Specific rates of individual workers within the range may be determined by merit, length of service, or a combination of these. Incentive workers are classified under piecework or bonus plans. Piecework is work for which a predetermined rate is paid for each unit of output. Production bonuses are for produc tion in excess of a quota or for completion of a task in less than standard time. P aid h o lid a ys. Paid holiday provisions relate to full-day and half-day holidays provided annually. P aid vacations. The summaries of vacation plans are limited to formal arrangements and exclude informal plans where by time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the em ployer or supervisor. Payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered the equivalent of 1 week’s pay. The periods of service for which data are presented represent the most common practices, but they do not necessarily reflect individual establishment provisions for progression. For example, changes in proportions indicated at 10 years of service may include changes which occurred between 5 and 10 years. H ealth , insurance , an d re tire m e n t plans. Data are presented for health, insurance, pension, and retirement severance plans for which the employer pays all or a part of the cost, excluding programs required by law such as workers’ com pensation and social security. Among plans included are those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those paid directly by the employer from current oper ating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is pre sented for all such plans to which the employer contributes at least a part of the cost. However, in New York and New Jersey, where temporary disability insurance laws require employer contributions,1 plans are included only if the em ployer (1) contributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employees with benefits which exceed the re quirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker’s pay during absence from work because of illness; informal arrangements have been omitted. Separate tabulations are provided for (1) plans which provide full pay and no wait ing period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. Minimum rates Minimum entrance rates are the lowest formal rates es tablished for inexperienced time-rated workers employed as hand furniture sanders and machine off-bearers. Ex cluded are incentive paid workers and hourly-rated learners who eventually will be on an incentive basis. Scheduled weekly hours Data on weekly hours refer to the predominant work schedule for full-time production workers (or office workers) employed on the day shift. Shift provisions and practices Shift provisions relate to the policies of establishments either currently operating late shifts or having formal pro visions covering late-shift work. Practices relate to workers employed on late shifts at the time of the survey. ! The temporary disability insurance laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 53 retiree’s life. Data are presented separately for retirement severance pay (one payment or several over a specified period of time) made to employees on retirement. Estab lishments providing both retirement severance payments and retirement pensions to employees were considered as having both retirement pensions and retirement severance plans; however, establishments having optional plans pro viding employees a choice of either retirement severance payments or pensions were considered as having only retire ment pension benefits. Long-term disability insurance plans provide payments to totally disabled employees upon the expiration of sick leave, sickness and accident insurance, or both, or after a predetermined period of disability (typically 6 months). Payments are made until the end of disability, a maximum age, or eligibility for retirement benefits. Payments may be full or partial, but are almost always reduced by social security, workers’ compensation, and private pension bene fits payable to the disabled employee. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors’ fees. Such plans may be underwritten by a commercial insurance company or a non profit organization, or they may be a form of self-insurance. Major medical insurance, sometimes referred to as ex tended medical or catastrophe insurance, includes plans designed to cover employees for sickness or injury involving an expense which exceeds the normal coverage of hospitali zation, medical, and surgical plans. Tabulations of retirement pensions are limited to plans which provide regular payments for the remainder of the P aid fu n era l a n d ju r y -d u ty leave. Data for paid funeral and jury-duty leave relate to formal plans which provide at least partial payment for time lost as a result of attending fun erals of specified family members or serving as a juror. T echnological severance p a y . Data relate to formal plans providing for payments to employees permanently sepa rated from the company because of a technological change or plant closing. 54 Appendix C. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions,' the Bureau’s field staff are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, and handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. blies, which will later be used in complete articles of furniture, from wood parts and/or other subassemblies. Assembler, furniture (except chairs) (Bed assembler; table assembler; cabinet assembler; back maker; frame maker) Assemblers, chairs Assembles and fastens together wooden parts or assem blies to form sections, frames, or complete articles of furni ture (except chairs). Work involves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Trimming joints to fit, using hand-tools; applying glue to joints or edges of stock and putting parts or sections to gether; placing assembled parts in clamp until glue has dried or reinforcing joints with dowels, screws, staples, or nails; and attaching glue blocks, corner blocks, drawer guides, tops, molding, shelves, dust bottoms, or skids with nails, screws, glue or staples. May also drill holes and attach parts of drawer locks. This classification e x c lu d e s : (1) Cabinet makers who, in addition to assembling furniture are respon sible for shaping wood parts from rough stock; (2) workers assembling relatively inexpensive furniture that is nailed or glued together and sold unfinished; and (3) workers who specialize in attaching parts such as doors, hinges, knobs, skids, and baffle screens, in fitting drawers, doors, and trays into furniture, or in assembling small parts such as desk trays, card file boxes, and display pedestals. For wage study purposes, furniture assemblers are to be classified according to type of assembly work, as follows: (Chair maker) Assembles shaped and fitted wooden parts to form plain or semiupholstered chairs. Work involves gluing, nailing, screwing, or clamping the parts together. Cut-off-saw operator (Cut-off-saw operator, treadle operated; swinging-cut off-saw operator) Operates a swinging or treadle-operated cut-off saw to cut wooden stock to desired lengths; grades and cuts stock to best advantage, eliminating knots and other defects. Double-end-trimmer-and-boring-machine operator Sets up and operates machine to trim or miter ends of wooden furniture parts and bore holes for dowels. Work in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Inserting bits in chucks and tightening chuck jaws; setting angle and spacing of circular saws, according to specifications; attaching holders, jigs, or stops to table and adjusting clamps; starting automatic trim ming and boring cycle and positioning stock under clamps where it is held during trimming and boring operations. C om p lete fu rn itu re pieces (case g o o d s )— Workers en gaged in final assembly of bodies (cases) for such articles of furniture as book cases; chests; radio, television, and phonograph cabinets; and vanities, from wood parts and/ or subassemblies. C o m p lete fu rn itu re p ieces (o th e r than case g o o d s) — Workers engaged in assembling complete articles of fur niture (other than case goods), such as tables, beds, and occasional pieces, from wood parts and/or subassemblies. Gluer, rough stock (Clamp-carrier operator; glue-clamp-machine operator; glue-press operator; glue-rack operator; glue-wheel S u bassem blies — Workers engaged in assembling subassem 55 operator; glueman; revolving-press operator; rotaryclamp operator; squeezer operator) Packer, furniture (Crater) Applies glue to edges or surfaces of wooden pieces to be joined, assembles and clamps the glued boards into a press until the glue has set or hardened. May also prepare glue. Prepares furniture or furniture parts for shipment. Per forms m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Placing units in wooden crates or corrugated cardboard cartons; arranging packing material around articles; sealing shipping containers with nails or tape; placing identifying marks or labels on containers; nail ing blocks or wooden strips in crates to prevent shifting of articles; and building crates around very large pieces. This classification does not include workers who make crates or crate parts but do not prepare furniture for ship ment, or who specialize in wrapping furniture parts for shipment. Lathe operator, automatic (Swing-type-lathe operator; wood turning-lathe oper ator, etc.) Operates swing-type (rotary cutting) lathe to cut round wooden articles such as table legs or dowels. For wage study purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: S e t u p an d o p e r a te —Selects and installs proper Planer operator cutting heads; inserts and clamps stock between turning centers; and moves lever to swing ro tating stock against cutters until shaping is completed. (Facer operator; planer; surface operator; woodplaner operator) Operates a single- or double-surface planer to level off ir regularities and cut a smooth surface on rough stock, reduc ing it to specified thickness. For wage survey purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: 0 F e e d —Feeds stock into machine. Maintained general utility Keeps in repair the machines, mechanical equipment, and/or structure of an establishment (usually a small plant where specialization in maintenance work is impractical). Duties involve the performance of operations and the use of tools and equipment of several trades, rather than speciali zation in one trade or one type of maintenance work only. Work involves a co m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work relating to repair of buildings, machines, mechanical and/or electrical equipment; repairing electrical and/or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning, and bal ancing new equipment; repairing buildings, floors, or stairs as well as making and repairing bins, cribs, and partitions. S et-u p a n d o p era te F e e d o n ly Plastic-top installer Installs la m in a ted plastic tops on furniture, such as cabi nets, counters, tables, and desks. Work involves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Applying adhesive to surface of furniture; posi tioning plastic top on adhesive-coated section of furniture; smoothing and pressing top onto surface; and trimming and smoothing edges of top. May also clean laminated plastic, attach edge molding and trim to edge, cut plastic parts to size and shape, or attach clamp to hold laminated plastic until adhesive sets. Molding-machine operator (Molder operator; molding maker, machine; wood molding-machine operator) Rip-saw operator Operates a machine that planes wooden boards or strips on all sides and shapes item to required cross section. For wage survey purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: (Band-rip-saw operator; circular-rip-saw operator) Operates a rip-sawing machine to cut lumber with the grain to specified widths, feeding each piece into roller, adjusting roller speed according to hardness of wood. S et-u p an d o p e ra te F eed o n ly Router operator Off-bearer, machine (Router; router-machine operator) (Catcher; machine tailer; tailer) Cuts and shapes various designs in wooden stock by machine. Work involves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Clamps and tightens bit in chuck of machine; inserts guide pin hole of machine table; places groove of jig over pin and adjusts Catches or receives wooden parts as they come off the discharge end of a machine; piles products or loads mate rials on conveyor or truck for transfer elsewhere. 56 table for depth of cut and sets table stops; starts machine and feeds stock. For wage survey purposes workers are to be classified as follows: and clamps to hold blank properly in bed of machine; lays blank over pattern and starts machine. Set-up and operate Feed o n ly — Feeds stock into machine. F eed only Shaper operator, hand Rubber, furniture (Detail-shaper operator; frazer-machine operator; shaping-machine operator; variety-molder operator; wood-shaping operator) (Burnisher; polisher) Rubs surface of furniture after each coat of dry finish such as stain, priming coat, varnish, or lacquer has been applied, to smooth surfaces for successive coats. For wage survey purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: Operates a hand shaping machine to cut designs of ir regular shape in the surface of straight, curved, or irregular shaped pieces of wood by feeding stock against rotating blocks, using template or free hand manipulation to pro duce shape desired. For wage survey purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: R u bber , furniture , hand R u bber , furniture , machine Set-up and operate Sander, furniture, hand F eed only Smooths, by hand, the surfaces of wooden furniture parts before application of finishing materials. Work involves using sand or emory paper, steel wool, etc. May also use portable sanding machine to complete certain phases of work. Workers who primarily use a portable sanding ma chine to accomplish their duties, however, are excluded. Sprayer (Spray painter) Applies paint, varnish, lacquer, enamel, or other finishes to surfaces of manufactured products for protective or dec orative purposes, with a spray gun. Sander, furniture, machine Tenoner operator Smooths and finishes the edges and surfaces of wood furniture parts and sections on stationary sanding machines. For wage survey purposes, workers are to be classified by type of machine, as follows: (Saw-and-chuck-machine operator; double-tenonermachine operator; single-end-tenoner operator; tenonmachine operator) B elt Operates a machine that cuts tenons on wooden parts for assembling into complete upits. For wage survey pur poses, workers are to be classified as follows: O ther than belt Set-up and operate Shaper operator, automatic F eed only (Sizer operator, automatic) Operates a machine to form quantities of like, irregularly shaped wooden furniture parts from roughly shaped blanks. For wage survey purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: Variety saw operator (Combination saw operator; universal saw operator) Operates adjustable circular saw to perform such opera tions as ripsawing, cross cutting, beveling, grooving, and mitering. Selects sawing blade, adjusts table for angle or depth of cut, and feeds stock into saw. Set-up and operate Selects and installs proper cutters on spin dles; sets and locks pattern in place; sets stops 57 ☆ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1976 0 - 2 4 1 - 0 1 6 (23) BUREAU OF LABOR STATiSTICS REGIONAL OFFICES Region I 1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: (617)223-6761 Region II Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: (212) 399-5405 Region V 9th Floor Federal Office Building 230 S. Dearborn Street Chicago, III. 60604 Phone: (312)353-1880 Region VI Second Floor 555 Griffin Square Building Dallas, Tex. 75202 Phone: (214)749-3516 Region III 3535 Market Street P.O. Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa. 19101 Phone: (215) 596-1154 Regions VII and V lir 911 Walnut Street Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: (816)374-2481 Region IV 1371 Peachtree Street, NE. Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone: (404) 881-4418 Regions IX and X ** 450 Golden Gate Avenue Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: (415)556-4678 Regions VII and VIII are serviced by Kansas City Regions IX and X are serviced by San Francisco U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D C. 20212 Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor Third Class Mail Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 Lab-441
