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Industry Wage Survey: Shipbuilding and Repairing, Septem ber 1976 U S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 1977 Bulletin 1968 Industry Wage Survey: Shipbuilding and Repairing, Septem ber 1976 U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner 1977 Bulletin 1968 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D .C . 20402 Stock N o. 029-001-02048-1 Preface This bulletin summarizes the results of a Bureau of Labor Statistics survey of wages and related benefits in the shipbuilding and repairing industry in September 1976.This is the first shipbuilding occupational wage survey conducted by the Bureau in about 35 years. The study was conducted in the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations. The analysis was prepared by Joseph C. Bush in the Division of Occupational Wage Structures. Field work for the survey was directed by the Assistant Regional Commissioners for Operations. Other reports available form the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies, as well as the addresses of the Bureau’s regional offices, are listed at the end o f this bulletin. Material in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission of the Federal Government. Please credit the Bureau of Labor Statistics and cite the name and number of the publication. iii Contents Page Summary................................................................................................................................................................................................. Industry characteristics....................................................................................................................................................................... Employment..................................................................................................................................................................................... P roduction....................................................................................................................................................................................... Union contract s ta tu s..................................................................................................................................................................... Method o f wage p a y m en t.............................................................................................................................................................. Earnings................................................................................................................................................................................................... Establishment practices and supplementary wage benefits............................................................................................................ Work schedules................................................................................................................................................................................ Shift provisions and practices....................................................................................................................................................... Hazard and sea-trial pay................................................................................................................................................................... Paid holidays ................................................................................................................................................................................... Paid vacations................................................................................................................................................................................... Health, insurance, and retirement plans ..................................................................................................................................... Other selected b e n e fits................................................................................................................................................................... Text table: 1. Measures of central tendency of earnings in private shipbuilding and repairing, September 1976 ......................... Reference tables: 1. Earnings distribution......................................................................................... . ................................................................ 2. Occupational averages.......................................................................................................................................................... Occupational earnings: 3. United S tates.......................................................................................................................................................................... 4. Atlantic C o a s t....................................................................................................................................................................... 5. Gulf C o a st.............................................................................................................................................................................. 6 . Great L akes............................................................................................................................................................................ 7. Pacific C o a s t.......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 4 5 5 7 g 9 10 Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions 8 . Method o f wage payment ............................... U 9. Scheduled weekly hours ..................................................................................................................................................... jj 10 Shift differential provisions................................................................................................................................................ 1 2 11. Shift differential practices................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 12. Hazard pay provisions............. ........................................................................................................................................... 1 4 13. Hazard pay practices .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 4 14. Sea-trial pay provisions....................................................................................................................................................... 1 5 15. Paid h olid ays.......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 5 16. Paid v acation s....................................................................................................................................................................... 1 ^ 17. Health, insurance, and retirement plans .......................................................................................................................... lg 18. Other selected benefits ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 9 Appendixes: A. U.S. Navy Shipyards..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 B. Scope and method o f survey........................................................................................................................................................23 C. Occupational descriptions............................................................................................................................................................ 26 v Shipbuilding and Repairing, September 1976 tankers; 16 were liquid natural gas carriers; 1 0 were dry bulk carriers; and the remaining were mostly general cargocontainer ships and ferries. In addition to construction, private yards also repaired, 7,600 ships in 1976; this type of work, which includes both commercial and naval ships, was valued at approximately $1.4 billion. In eleven private shipyards, there were also 8 8 naval vessels under construction or on order as of January 1, 1977. (New ships presently are not built in U.S. Navy shipyards.) Twenty-seven were attack submarines, 25 were destroyers, 1 2 were guided missile frigates, and the remaining were divided among nine other types of craft, including two nuclear aircraft carriers. In relative size, each of the two nuclear aircraft carriers will displace’ 71,000 tons con trasted with 27 attack submarines which had an average dis placement of 6 , 0 0 0 tons. Besides construction of large merchant and naval vessels, U.S. private shipyards also are engaged in other types of marine work. Ten yards, as of January 1,1 9 7 7 , were making offshore drilling rigs; some facilities only repair ships; and others build small vessels under 1 , 0 0 0 tons such as fishing boats and small barges. Over the past year shipbuilding has declined for merchant vessels, but has increased for navy ships. Under construction as of January 1,1976, were 79 merchant vessels compared with 71 as of January 1, 1977. Only 15 merchant vessels totaling 327,000 tons were ordered in 1976 and 14 totaling 599,000 tons in 1975 contrasted with 43 merchant vessels grossing 2,018,000 tons ordered in 1973 and 25 vessels grossing 1,771,000 tons in 1974. The 8 8 naval ships being built as of January 1,1977 were 12 more than in the previous year. Since 2 to 3 years are required to design and build a large modern ship, considerable concern has been expressed about the utili zation of yard capacity after 1977. Summary Straight-time earnings o f production and related workers in the private shipbuilding and repairing industry averaged $5.66 an hour in September 1976.1 Earnings o f 94 percent of the 104,015 production workers within the scope of the survey— those in shipyards with at least 250 workers— were between $4 and $7.50 an hour. Regionally, workers in shipyards at Atlantic ports, slightly over two-fifths of the work force, averaged $5.55 an hour. Averages in the other ports were $5.26 on the Gulf Coast, $5.56 on the Great Lakes, and $6.83 for shipyard workers on the Pacific Coast. Nationwide, averages among the jobs selected for sepa rate study ranged from $4.34 for guards to $6.58 for loft workers. The largest group of workers studied, 8,514 shipfitters, averaged $6.09 an hour. Virtually all workers covered by the survey were employed by shipyards having provisions for paid holidays and paid vacations, and about 95 percent or more of the employers paid at least part of the cost of life, hospitaliza tion, surgical, basic medical, and major medical insurance; and retirement pension plans. Industry characteristics This survey of private shipyards covered establishments building and repairing all types of ships, barges, and lighters, whether propelled by motor or towed. Included were yards converting and altering ships, but excluded from the survey were ( 1 ) separate auxiliary units; ( 2 ) establishments fabrica ting structural assemblies; (3) subcontractors; and (4) U.S. Navy shipyards.2 Approximately 104,000 production and related workers were employed in shipyards covered by the September 1976 survey. Just over four-tenths of the work ers were employed at Atlantic Coast yards, three-tenths on the Gulf Coast, one-sixth on the Pacific, and 3 percent on the Great Lakes. The remaining workers were found mostly in yards on the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. The 78 yards within scope of the survey had total employment of 142,000 and averaged 1,334 production workers. E m p lo ym en t. Union c o n tra c t status. Nine-tenths of the production workers were employed in establishments which had collec tive bargaining agreements covering a majority of the workers in a yard. Most nonunion workers were employed at Gulf Coast yards. Nationwide, union yards averaged 1,665 production workers; nonunion yards, 489 workers. The two principal unions were the International Brotherhood Shipyards with large drydocks frequently construct and repair both merchant and naval vessels. Other yards may specialize in construction or repair. As of January 1, 1977, there were 71 merchant vessels weighing at least 1 , 0 0 0 gross tons each under construction in 18 private shipyards.3 Thrity-one of these were oil P rodu ction . 1 E arnings data in th is rep o rt e x c lu d e p rem iu m p a y fo r o v e rtim e and for w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s, an d la te s h ifts . S e e a p p e n d ix B for sc o p e an d m e th o d o f s tu d y . 2 S ee a p p e n d ix A fo r a b r ie f d e sc r ip tio n o f th e p a y str u ctu re at U .S . N avy fa c ilitie s . 3 Annual Report 1976, S h ip b u ild ers C o u n c il o f A m erica (W a sh in g to n , 1 D .C ., 1 9 7 7 ). The 35 occupations selected to represent worker skills and manufacturing operations in the industry accounted for three-fifths of the production work force. Nationwide, averages among these jobs ranged from $4.34 for guards to $6.58 for loft workers— who lay out ship plans and construct patterns, such as templates and molds. Shipfitters (8,514), who lay out, fabricate, and brace metal structural parts in position within the hull of the ship, made up the largest group of workers studied and averaged $6.09 an hour (table 2 ). Among regions, averages were almost always highest on the Pacific Coast. Differences in occupational earnings between the Great Lakes, Gulf Coast, and Atlantic ports were slight and no consistent pattern could be found. Occupational averages in Pacific ports in most cases exceed ed those in other ports by 20 to 30 percent. Nationwide averages for craft or skilled jobs associated with direct production ranged from $5.99 an hour for marine electricians to $6.58 for loft workers. Lower averages were recorded for most lesser skilled “class B” jobs; for example, 5,683 class B hand welders averaged $5.72 an hour. Painters (rough) and grinders-chippers— two semiskilled occupations— averaged $5.96 and $5.90 an hour, respectively. Averages for the seven skilled maintenance occupations presented in table 2 ranged from $6.18 an hour for tool-anddie makers to $5.65 for carpenters. The 583 electricians, the most populous job studied in the maintenance group, averaged $5.81 an hour. Maintenance trades-helpers earned $4.90 an hour. Crane operator, was the predominant material movement and service job studied, averaged $6.18 an hour. Electric bridge-traveling crane and gantry crane operators, account ing for 31 and 24 percent of the 1,712 operators, averaged $6.00 an hour and $6.15, respectively. Among other jobs in the material movement/service groups, averages ranged from $5.80 for power truck operators to $4.96 for janitors and $4.34 for guards. of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders, Blacksmiths, Forgers and Helpers, and the Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers. M e th o d o f w age p a y m e n t. Almost all workers were paid on a time basis under formal systems (table 8 ). Approximately seven-tenths of the production workers were employed in yards that paid single rates for individual occupations and slightly less than three-tenths had formal range-of-rate plans within occupations. The few incentive workers reported— under piecework plans— were all employed in Atlantic Coast yards. Earnings The 104,015 shipyard workers averaged $5.66 an hour in September 1976 (table l ) . 4 Individual earnings of 94 percent were between $4 and $7.50 an hour; the middle 50 percent of the workers in the array had rates between $5.12 and $6.29 (text table 1). Text table 1. Measures of central tendency of earnings in private shipbuilding and repairing, September 1976 Location Mean Median Middle (interquartile) range United States1 ................. Atlantic Coast............ Gulf Coast................. Great Lakes............... Pacific Coast............... $5.66 5.55 5.26 5.56 6.83 $5.67 5.65 5.39 5.55 7.42 $5.12-$6.29 5 .0 9 - 6.06 4.7 0 - 5.80 4 .9 4 - 6.60 5 .7 0 - 7.48 Includes data for workers in geographic locations not shown separately. Earnings of shipbuilding workers were concentrated within a relatively narrowband compared to other industries surveyed by the Bureau o f Labor Statistics. The index of dispersion (middle range divided by the median) — 2 1 for shipbuilding— was below the index for all but about a half dozen of the 70 industries in the Bureau’s wage program. Major factors contributing to clustering o f earnings in this industry are the predominance of single rate pay systems, the highly unionized work force, and the relatively small wage differences among occupations. Tables 3 thru 7 provide occupational distributions of workers by hourly earnings for the United States and the four selected ports. Within the same occupation and region, pay rates were highly concentrated. For example, 1,376 of the 2,563 shipfitters at Gulf ports earned between $6.40 and $6.60 an hour. Moreover, on the Pacific Coast, job earnings were grouped principally within two intervals— $5.60 to $5.80 and $7.40 to $7.60— regardless of occupation. 4 S tra ig h t-tim e average h o u r ly e arn in gs o f p r o d u c tio n w o rk ers in th is b u lle tin d iffer in c o n c e p t fr o m th e gross average h o u rly earn ings p u b lish e d in th e B u r ea u ’s m o n th ly H o u rs a n d E arn in gs ( $ 6 .0 7 in S e p tem b e r 1 9 7 6 ) . U n lik e th e la tte r , th e e stim a te p r e se n ted here e x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e an d fo r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s, an d la te s h ift s . A verage earn ings are c a lc u la te d b y su m m in g in d iv id u a l h o u r ly earn in gs and d iv id in g b y th e n u m b e r o f in d iv id u a ls; in th e m o n th ly ser ie s, th e su m o f th e h o u rs r e p o r te d by e sta b lis h m e n ts in th e in d u str y is d ivid ed in to th e r e p o r te d p a y r o ll to ta ls . T h e e stim a te o f th e n u m b er o f p r o d u c tio n w o r k e rs w ith in th e sc o p e o f th e stu d y is in te n d e d o n ly as a gen eral gu id e t o th e size and c o m p o s itio n o f th e lab or fo r c e in c lu d e d in th e su r v ey . It d iffers fr o m e s tim a te s p u b lish e d in th e m o n th ly series ( 1 3 2 ,2 0 0 in S e p tem b e r 1 9 7 6 ) in part b e c a u se it e x c lu d e s e sta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g fe w e r th a n 2 5 0 w o r k e rs. T h e ad v a n ce p la n n in g n e c essa ry to m ak e th e su rv ey r eq u ired th e use o f lists o f e sta b lis h m e n ts a sse m b led c o n sid e r a b ly in ad van ce o f data c o lle c t io n . T h u s, e sta b l lis h m e n ts n e w t o th e in d u str y are o m it t e d , as are e sta b lish m e n ts o r ig in a lly c la ssifie d in th e s h ip b u ild in g an d rep airing in d u str y , but fo u n d in o th e r in d u str ie s at th e tim e o f th e su r v ey . A lso o m itte d are sh ip y a r d s c la ss ifie d in c o r r e c tly in o th e r in d u str ie s at th e tim e th e lists w ere c o m p ile d . 2 Establishment practices and supplementary wage benefits least 3 weeks after 10 years, and at least 4 weeks after 25 years (table 16). Vacation schedules varied among regions, especially after longer periods of service. After 25 years, for example, almost all workers on the Pacific Coast and about three-fourths on the Gulf Coast received under 4 weeks whereas 4 weeks or more applied to at least one-half in Atlantic and Great Lakes ports. Data were als obtained on certain establishment practicesand supplementary wage benefits for production workers, including work schedules, shift differentials, hazard pay, sea-trial pay, paid holidays, paid vacations, and specified health, insurance, and retirement plans. W ork schedules. Ninety-four percent of the production workers were in yards where work schedules of 40 hours were predominant (table 9). The remaining 6 percent, em ployed in Gulf Coast yards, had longer schedules. H ealth , insurance, an d re tire m e n t plans. Life, hospitalization, surgical, basic medical, and major medical insurance were provided to over nine-tenths of the shipyard workers (table 17). For a majority of the workers, employers financed the entire cost of these plans. Employers also provided ac cidental death and dismemberment insurance to nearly two-thirds of their workers and sickness and accident insurance to about seven-tenths. There was little regional variation in the incidence of benefits, except for accidental death and dismemberment, and sickness and accident insurance. Coverage of accidential death and dismember ment insurance ranged from nearly one-half the workers on the Atlantic Coast to over nine-tenths on the Pacific. At least three-fifths benefited from employer-sponsored sickness and accident insurance in each region except the Pacific Coast Ninty-five percent of the production workers were covered by pension plans in addition to Federal social security. In three of the four ports shown separately, almost all plans were paid for entirely by the yard; employer-financed plans covered only one-fourth of the Gulf Coast workers under pension plans. S h ift p ro visio n s a n d practices. Virtually all production workers were in establishments with late-shift provisions which called for differential payments (table 10). Only one-fifth of the workers, however, were actually on second shifts in September 1976 and slightly less than one-tenth had third- or other late-shift assignments (table 11). Shift differentials varied by region. Cents-per-hour additions to first-shift rates were most prevalent at Gulf and Great Lakes ports whereas percent differentials were popular on the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts. Nationwide, about threetenths of the workers on second shifts received a 7-percent premium above day-shift rates and another three-tenths were paid a 15 or 20 cent differential; similar provisions typically covered third- or other late-shift work. H azard a n d sea-trial p a y . Nearly two-thirds o f the workers were in yards that had formal provisions for hazard pay and for sea-trial pay (tables 12 and 14). Blit only 2 percent of the workers were granted such hazard pay during September 1976 (table 13), while only one yard actually provided sea-trial pay during the payroll period studied. O th er se le c te d b en efits. Nine-tenths of the production workers were employed in yards that had formal provisions for call-in and report-in pay (table 18).5 Other widespread provisions included paid jury-duty leave— available to approximately three-fourths of the workers— and cost-ofliving pay adjustments— covering six-tenths. About onethird of the workers were in establishments that had provisions for dental insurance and for paid funeral leave. P aid h olidays. Nearly all shipyards provided paid holidays, usually 10 or 11 days a year (table 15). Among the regions, the most popular provisions were 11 days on the Atlantic Coast, 10 days on the Gulf Coast, 9 days on the Great Lakes, and 8 days on the Pacific Coast. Paid vacations. All shipyards granted paid vacations, usually 1 week of pay after 1 year of service, 2 weeks after 3 years, at 5 3 For d e fin itio n o f ite m s , see a p p e n d ix B. Table 1. Earnings distribution (Percent distribution of production and related w ork e rs in shipyards by average straight-tim e hourly e a rn in g s,1 United States and selected ports, September 1976) H o u r l y earnings NUHBEfi O F W O R K E R S .................. A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N I N G S t ......... United States 104,015 $5.66 Atlantic Coast Gulf Coa s t Gre a t Lakes 46,561 $5.55 32,700 $5.26 2,932 $5.56 17,372 $6.83 Pacific Coast T O T A L ........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 $ 3 . 6 0 .......................... A N D U N D E R $ 3 . 7 0 ............. A N D U N D E R $ 3 . 8 0 ............. A N D U N D E R $ 3 . 9 0 ............. A N D U N D E R $ 4 . 0 0 ............. 2 .8 0. 4 - 6.9 0.8 .6 .2 .6 1.9 2.3 1.3 0.3 - $4.00 A ND $4.10 AN D $4.20 AN D $4.30 AND $4.40 A ND U N D E R $ 4 . 1 0 ............. U N D E R $ 4 . 2 0 ............. U N D E R $ 4 . 3 0 ............. U N D E R $ 4 . 4 0 ............. U N D E R $ 4 . 5 0 ............. 1.4 2.5 $4.50 AND $4.60 A ND $4.70 AND $4.80 AND $4.90 A ND UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER $ 4 . 6 0 ............. $ 4 . 7 0 ............. $ 4 . 8 0 ............. $ 4 . 9 0 ............. $ 5 . 0 0 ............. $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30 $5.40 AND AND AND AND AND UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER $ 5 . 1 0 ............. $ 5 . 2 0 ............. $ 5 . 3 0 ............. $ 5 . 4 0 ............. $ 5 . 5 0 ............. 2.1 2 .2 3.2 3.0 3. 2 4.6 3.7 3.6 4.6 1.7 4. 0 2.6 $5.50 $5.60 $5.70 $5.60 $5.90 AND AND AND AND AND U N D E R $ 5 . 6 0 ............. U N D E R $ 5 . 7 0 ............. U N D E R $ 5 . 6 0 ............. U N D E R $ 5 . 9 0 ............. U N D E R $ 6 . 0 0 ............. 5.1 8.1 UNDER $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 .3 .3 .8 (*) .1 .3 .1 2.0 .5 .1 - 1.0 .9 4.1 (*) 2.9 1 .9 2.5 .4 1.6 - 1.4 2.2 .8 2.1 1.5 4.0 2.6 2 - 1.6 2.1 2.3 .2 2.4 4. 7 1.3 .9 2.1 1.2 1.2 2.0 - 2.6 2.9 2.4 2.8 2.3 1.9 .1 3.4 4.0 .1 - 2 1.2 1.6 1.5 .1 .5 11.1 3. 3 1.3 .2 10.9 5.5 3.3 1.4 1.9 .6 3.2 9. 0 7.4 6.5 2.7 1.9 .6 8.6 5.6 6.9 3.4 2.5 10.2 6.2 3. 9 3.5 1.9 2.8 - .2 1.0 $6.00 AND $6.10 A ND $6.20 AN D $6.30 A ND $6.40 A ND UNDER UNDER UNDe R UNDER UNDER $ 6 . 1 0 ....... ..... . $ 6 . 2 0 ............. $ 6 . 3 0 ............. $ 6 . 4 0 ............. $ 6 . 5 0 ............. 5. 1 1.4 3.6 7.1 .2 2.0 2 .6 4.0 $6.50 $6.60 $6.70 $6.80 $6.90 AND AND AND AND AND UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER $ 6 . 6 0 ............. $ 6 . 7 0 ............. $ 6 . 8 0 ............. $ 6 . 9 0 ............. $ 7 . 0 0 ............. 1.7 .9 1.3 4.3 .2 .2 .9 24.7 - $7.00 A N D $7.10 AN D $7.20 AN D $ 7 .30 A N D $7.40 A N D UNDe R UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER $ 7 . 1 0 ............. $ 7 . 2 0 ............. $ 7 . 3 0 ............. $ 7 . 4 0 ............. $ 7 . 5 0 ............. .1 .2 (*) (*) (*) (*) $7.50 AND $7.60 AND $7.70 AN D $7.80 AND $7. 9 0 A N D U N D E R $ 7 . 6 0 ............. U N D E R $ 7 . 7 0 ............. U N D E R $ 7 . 8 0 ............. U N D E R $ 7 . 9 0 ............. U N D E R $ 8 . 0 0 ............. $8.00 AN D O V E R ...................... 1 1.3 .1 .7 1. 4 .5 .2 .3 .2 1.0 .4 9.4 2.2 .1 .4 (*) 8.9 (*) .3 .2 .4 .1 1 Includes data for ports in addition to those s h o w n separately. 2 Excludes premium pay for o v e r t i m e and for w o r k on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. .6 .1 1.7 .3 .1 1.4 .1 . 1 . 1 (*) (*) .4 .7 .3 .2 .3 .4 (*) .2 .1 (*) - - (*) .1 (*) .8 4. 1 (*) - .5 .4 .2 (*) 2 1.2 2.1 1.6 5.3 1.4 10.3 18. .1 5. 3 1.3 <*) 53. 3 - 1.6 - 2 .1 3. 6 .1 . 1 * .2 .5 * L e s s then 0. 05 percent N O T E : B e c a u s e of rounding, individual items m a y not equal 1 0 0 . sums of (N u m ber and a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earn in gs o f w o r k e r s in s e le c te d occupations in sh ip ya rd s, U nited States and s ele cted p o rts, Septem ber 1976) Occupation United S ta tes1 A verage W o rk h ou rly ers e a rn in g s 2 A tla n tic C oast A v e ra g e W o r k h ou rly ers e a rn in g s 2 Gulf C oast A verage W o rk hou rly ers e a rn in g s 2 G reat Lakes A verage W o r k hou rly ers ea rn in g s 2 P a c ific C oast A verage W o rk h ou rly ers e a rn in g s 2 PRODUCTION BOILERMAKERS................................................. ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS CLASS A ....................................................... GRINDEES-CHIPPERS...................................... INSPECTORS CLASS A ....................................................... CLASS B....................................................... CLASS C ....................................................... LOPT (iORKERS................................................. HACHIRE-TOOL OPERATORS, PRODUCTION CLASS A ....................................................... CLASS B....................................................... HACHINISTS, PRODUCTION........................... MARINE ELECTRICIANS................................. MARINE MACHINISTS...................................... MARINE PIPEFI TTE RS ................................... MARINE RIGGERS............................................ PAINTERS......................................................... POWER-SHEAR OPERATORS............................. SHEET-METAL WORKERS................................. SHIPFITTERS................................................... SHIPWRIGHTS................................................... WELDERS, HAND CLASS A ....................................................... CLASS B ....................................................... WELDERS, MACHINE (ARC OR G A S ) ........... WELDERS, MACHINE (RESISTANCE) CLASS A ....................................................... 779 $6 . 4 6 247 $6 .2 1 - - - - 342 $7. 19 1 98 1,5 37 . 27 5. 90 47 980 6 .0 3 5.8* - - - - 22 7 .7 3 6.51 90 876 303 264 6 .2 6 6 .0 8 5. 42 6. 58 499 79 6 .1 5 25 59 $6 .8 0 6.1 4 15 $5.91 922 324 1,1 60 4,161 3,310 4,953 2,9 99 3, 37 7 51 2, 5 14 8,5 14 1,961 6 .0 6 5 .1 8 142 692 1, 84 4 1,781 5.11 5.91 5.77 5.78 5 .7 5 5.8 2 5.7 6 6 .2 3 5.9 0 5. 69 217 702 1,0 24 418 900 528 2,5 63 514 6 .1 5 5 .6 5 5 .8 2 5.7 2 5 .5 0 5.71 • 23 89 40 82 75 - 5.7 4 - 6.28 6 .1 3 6 .3 5 6 . 14 5.52 5.97 - 143 679 742 1,5 52 819 765 517 1, 80 3 468 6 .1 2 3,1 30 1,393 1,019 6.13 5 .2 5 5 .7 9 166 - 4. 93 - 343 2, 2 8 9 822 6 6 .1 0 5.99 6 .0 5 6.1 3 2 ,2 1 1 6 .1 2 6 .1 1 1,641 1, 575 23 2,8 51 864 8,1 98 5,6 83 2,623 6 .1 7 5.7 2 6.3 9 3 ,6 2 8 1, 02 8 782 218 6 .4 5 - 262 58 3 166 146 2 97 406 238 29 5.65 5.81 4 .9 0 5.8 7 6 .1 7 5 .8 8 5 .7 8 6 .1 8 78 395 113 139 273 184 - 5. 93 5. 87 5.30 5.92 5.94 5.8 4 - 1,712 539 403 236 6 .1 8 6 .0 4 5.93 6 .1 2 780 307 193 43 534 731 689 758 467 436 6 .4 2 $4 .3 4 4. 96 5 .1 6 5 .8 0 5.8 0 237 380 475 444 170 - 6 .1 8 31 462 5.8 6 5 .5 9 30 165 6 .2 0 5 .9 6 6 .1 1 6.0 4 6 .0 9 5.4 4 6 .1 0 - - 6 .1 0 - 20 223 7 .5 6 86 6 .8 2 7.1 7 7 .0 4 6 .8 8 7 .1 9 7 .0 0 7.05 6 .8 8 7. 27 7 .5 7 6.5 5 7.41 - - - _ - - 84 - 7 .0 2 - - 5 .6 6 - 517 124 149 5 .9 2 5 .8 3 5 .9 5 52 - 248 74 64 31 7 .4 9 7.5 8 7 .2 4 7 .3 6 79 258 116 164 - $4.11 4 .3 7 3 .3 7 - 7 .6 5 - 5 .1 3 5 .2 2 5.43 5.81 5. 66 207 4 .9 9 - MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS, MAINTENANCE......................... ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE.................... HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES............... MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS (TOOLROOM).. MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE......................... MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE........................... PI PEF IT TER S, MAINTENANCE...................... TOOL AND DIE MAKERS................................. - 70 - - MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND SERVICE CRANE OPERATORS.......................................... ELECTRIC BRIDGE (TR AVELING) ........... GANTRY CRANE............................................ MOBILE (TRUCK) CRANE.......................... OTHER (INCLUDING COMBINATION OF TY PES )................................................. GUARDS............................................................. JANITORS, PORTERS, OR CLEANERS......... LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING................ POWER TRUCK OPERATORS............................. FORKLIFT OPERATORS............................... POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS(OTHER THAN F O R K L IF T) ...................................... TRUCKDRIVERS................................................. 6 .0 0 6 .1 5 6 .0 1 6 .2 2 C O Table 2. Occupational averages - 5.99 - 52 - 5.99 - 41 207 206 $5 .1 0 6 . 62 6 .6 2 - - 63 7. 34 - - | 1 Includes data fo r p o rts in addition to those shown sep a ra te ly. Exclu des prem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olida ys, and late sh ifts. N O T E : Dashes in dicate no not m eet pu blication c r it e r ia . data re p o rte d or data do Table 3. Occupational earnings: United States (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h ou rly ea rn in g s 1 o f w o rk e rs in sele cted occupations in sh ip ya rd s, U nited S tates, S eptem b er 1976) 7 .9 0 7 .6 0 7.80 9.20 9.90 7. 90 7 .6 0 7 .8 0 8 .0 0 - - - _ - 19 “ - 21 1 - - - 32 - •r e o o NUMBER OF' WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY. EARNINGS (I N DOLLARS) OF — dn 7 9.20 Id --- i77\“TT.--- FTTTfi--- o7TT£---00 T 57I75-5 . 9 0 W .6 0 m --- n A 6-—~ Kn T~6 . 2------------ 70-v 7--- . 0 I6. 80 7 .0 0 = --- 0 9.9 0 9 .6 0 5. a a F--- * A~lt- i. A 5--- 7 ~ TTsTT / . 0 0 7--- 0 6 .97/ 6 .6 7.2 - Average| 3.60 3.80 hourly ! UNDER AND earn - ( 3 .6 0 UNDER w o r k e r s ings 1 3. 80 9.00 o C O cr Occupation 8 .0 0 AND OVER 9. 60 9 .8 0 5 .0 0 5.20 5 .9 0 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 27 159 10 79 20 59 2 29 92 79 20 186 260 77 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6.9 0 6 .6 0 6.8 0 7 .0 0 7.20 PRODUCTION BOILERMAKERS.................................................. ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS CLASS A ........................................................ GRINDFRS-CHIPPERS....................................... INSPECTORS CLASS A ........................................................ CLASS B ........................................................ CLASS C........................................................ LOFT WORKERS.................................................. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS, PRODUCTION CLASS A ........................................................ CLASS B ........................................................ MACHINISTS, PRODUCTION........................... MARINE ELECTRICIANS.................................. MARINE MACHINISTS....................................... MARINE PI P E F I T T E R S .................................... MARINE RIGGERS............................................. PAIN TER S .......................................................... POWER-SHEAR OPERATORS............................. SHEET-METAL WORKERS.................................. S H I P F I I T E R S .................................................... SHIPWRIGHTS.................................................... WELDERS, HAND CLASS A ........................................................ CLASS B ........................................................ WELDERS, MACHINE (ARC OR G A S ) ........... WELDERS, MACHINE (RESISTANCE) CLASS A ........................................................ 779 $6 .9 6 - - 19 8 1,537 6. 27 5. 90 30 - 90 a 76 303 269 6 .2 6 6 .0 8 5.9 2 6.5 8 - - - 922 329 1,160 9,161 3, 3 10 9, 95 3 2,9 99 3 ,3 77 51 2, 5 1 9 8, 5 1 9 1,961 6 .0 6 5.18 6 .1C 5.9 9 6 .0 5 6 .1 3 - - 28 3 9 8, 1 98 5, 68 3 2, 62 3 6.1 7 5.72 6 .3 9 218 6 .9 5 262 58 3 166 196 297 906 238 29 5 .6 5 5.81 9.90 5. 87 6 . 17 5. 8 8 5. 78 6 . 18 1,712 539 903 236 6. 16 . 00 6 .1 5 6 . 12 539 731 689 758 967 936 6. 92 9.39 9.96 5. 16 5 .8 0 5.80 31 962 5 .6 6 5. 59 6 .2 0 5. 96 9 92 6 .1 1 6.0 9 6.09 - - 2 3 3 3 59 - 2 - - 20 57 18 338 338 3 181 17 26 9 23 562 23 36 216 13 89 989 391 388 235 335 179 378 539 921 990 609 970 1 1 - - 12 21 25 8 2 12 21 “ - * 1 3 9 - 3 - 33 5 130 131 199 60 79 3 135 19 152 155 298 82 198 16 905 530 578 281 566 397 569 207 7 627 589 991 3 “ 30 31 “ 50 - 3 13 91 “ 3 178 “ 77 “ 71 6 9 9 26 - 13 177 27 91 - 30 99 - 100 * " “ “ 18 5 12 6 - 1 - “ “ “ - 21 - 13 3 10 8 - 23 - 6 .1 1 19 2 82 6 110 - 200 60 115 1 2 96 901 59 100 69 66 * 12 9 “ 1 * 3 7 18 50 19 5 17 5 29 6 63 13 5 26 2 2 169 968 599 1523 229 995 92 519 219 180 57 325 277 309 26 j 205 9 293 567 61 953 2 0 2 1 703 1573 376 577 363 133 180 735 223 195 18 15 3 16 76 2 5 136 167 172 221 151 277 5 70 1 31 1 2 25 8 5 - 9 2 297 1 - 28 2 - 9 119 8 1 - 3 6 1 96 3 25 6 10 2 1 - - 37 8 36 12 2 1 - - 1 - - 1 2 - 3 - 109 95 5 576 588 9 1086 710 989 5 909 9 1291 909 203 21 63 1 99 299 511 265 328 925 962 296 2 36 199 300 19 9 286 215 586 1568 71 125 12 1 280 56 23 - 9 - 782 1825 59 37 5 79 981 95 98 - 98 - 2 1 - - - - 19 96 - 99 - - 35 65 102 2 79 60 61 56 69 59 9 12 - 1 2 123 209 - 1170 18 813 - - 2 2 72 - 29 13 3 9 36 - 10 1 - 173 9 - - - - - _ - - - 65 18 16 1 29 - - 2 20 159 - 1 10 6 10 MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS, MAINTENANCE......................... ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE.................... HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES................ MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS (TOOLROOM).. MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE......................... MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE........................... PI P E F I T T E R S , MAINTENANCE....................... TOOL AND DIE MAKERS.................................. - 3 30 “ 12 6 1 - 1 21 “ * 5 3 - - “ 2 ° 20 21 168 23 17 7 73 38 197 13 9 31 16 35 * 1 1 90 25 39 2 12 3 - 115 61 7 36 151 67 60 3 8 9 20 10 102 61 61 - 15 S 6 8 20 19 26 29 13 36 35 30 - 12 6 1 27 - 13 - 11 27 96 “ 7 19 67 - 2 6 11 21 16 3 39 3 - 10 9 - - - - 28 185 55 29 23 - - 1 100 - 20 99 2 1 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND SERVICE CRANE OPERATORS........................................... ELECTRIC BRIDGE (T RA VE LI NG )........... GANTRY CRANE............................................. MOBILE (TRUCK) CRANE........................... OTHER (INCLUDING CONBINATION OF TY PE S ) .................................................. GUARDS............................................................... JANITORS, PORTERS, OR CLEANERS......... LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING................ POWER TRUCK OPERATORS.............................. FORKLIFT OPERATORS................................ POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS(OTHER THAN F O R K L I F T ) ...................................... TRUCKDRIVERS.................................................. * 6 9 1 6 3 171 17 131 1 19 7 2 7 9 “ 3 3 27 5 6 3 3 6 “ - - 8 6 9 - 17 39 - 8 79 6 2 1 - 7 133 93 192 1 69 69 2 86 1 2 1 2 86 1 - 36 99 3 1 1 5 196 1C5 19 9 22 E xclu des p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olid a y s, and late sh ifts. 7 - 9 22 11 21 99 36 50 - 22 91 113 - 2 11 67 266 69 76 19 139 32 27 29 51 71 90 19 55 22 12 51 9 29 87 10 7 16 29 16 21 12 210 66 1 60 105 89 177 126 19 19 16 89 75 18 18 12 2 12 92 60 22 - 1 19 89 5 “ - 15 - 10 3 39 4 9 8 5 “ 5 20 190 - - 57 9 1 - 19 - 31 119 - 1 1 “ - - 120 52 8 - 6 16 “ - Table 4. Occupational earnings: Atlantic Coast (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e e a r n in g s 1 o f w o r k e r s in sh ip y a rd s in se le c te d o c c u p a tio n s, S e p te m b e r 1976) Occupation Number of w or ke rs Average 3 .6 0 3. 80 hourly UNDER AND earn- 3.60 UNDER in gs 1 3 .8 0 4.00 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECE I V TNG S IR A I G t i i - ! ’IME EGUAl 5 . 4 J 5. bo b. cC G. Cl 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4. 80 5.00 5 .2 0 6 EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) OF-. 2 u 6 .4 0 o. 63 6.6 0 7. 00 7. 20 7.40 7. 60 7.8 0 8 .0 0 AND OVER 4.2 0 4.40 4. 60 4.8 0 5 .0 0 5. 20 5 .4 0 5. 60 5 .8 0 6 • 00 b. 20 6.40 6. 60 6.80 20 44 2 - 4 1 - 2 2 - 96 13 6 6 4 - 7.0C 7.20 7 .4 0 7.60 7. 80 2 - - _ 14 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - 8 .0 0 PRODUCTION BOILERMAKERS.................................................. ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS CLASS A ........................................................ GRINDERS-CHIPPERS...................................... INSPECTORS 247 $6 . 2 1 - - - - - - - - 2 8 25 42 10 74 47 980 6. 03 5.67 - - - - - - - 19 18 2 11 57 127 24 39 1 54 259 63 CLASS B........................................................ LOFT WORKERS................................................. MACHIRE— TOOL OPERATORS, PRODUCTION 499 79 6 . 1i 6 .1 5 - - - - - - - - . 1 3 31 56 4 ^d5 9 11 1 l4 8 6 CLASS B ........................................................ MACHINISTS, PRODUCTION........................... MARINE ELECTRICIANS.................................. MARINE MACHINISTS...................................... MARINE PI PE F I T T E R S .................................... MARINE RIGGERS............................................. PAIN TER S .......................................................... POWER-SHl AR OPERATORS............................. SH IPF ITX E RS .................................................... SHIPWRIGHTS................................................... WELDERS, HAND CLASS A ........................................................ CLASS B........................................................ WELDERS, MACHINE (ARC OR G A S ) ........... 142 692 1 ,844 1,761 5.11 5.91 5.77 5.78 5 .7 5 5.62 5.7 6 6.23 5.90 5.69 - - - - - 5 - - 82 34 2 - 11 12 7o 327 314 355 225 362 - 24 130 131 182 49 57 127 54 264 274 390 24 6 154 17 346 49 o1 157 170 1 36 124 116 3 192 57 2 ,2 1 1 1,641 1,5 75 23 2,851 864 3, 6 28 1,0 28 782 6 .1 2 5.44 o. 1 0 - - - 20 - - 141 137 178 59 74 148 167 186 88 149 75 93 152 33 2 * - - - - - - - - 223 3 - - - - - - - 1 2 - - 5 - - - - 3 5 18 - 225 /. 9 1 301 279 1c3 404 43b 3 43 1 66 4d 76 65 130 99 - 57 J JJ 277 26o 2 d5 205 20 66 473 209 7vT 2 198 140 462 4a 368 228 - 414 209 " 971 228 354 127 130 15 496 79 441 1u 229 295 74 16 13 92 23 3b 19 55 19 27 “ 7 19 16 66 20 10 - - 2 2 2 4 4 - 4 - _ - 2 2 2 36 - - 24 - 3 36 - 25 ' - 10 1 - 173 4 - _ _ - - - - - - - 1 - 29 76 - 12 3 16 - 4 - 108 - 30 - 45 - 2 2 1 123 18 - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - 22 19 36 8 2 20 - - 10 6 10 MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS, MAINTENANCE......................... ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE.................... HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES............... MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE......................... MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE........................... PI P E F I T T E R S , MAINTENANCE...................... 76 395 113 139 273 184 5.93 5. 87 5.30 5. 92 5.94 5. o4 “ - - 6 10 - 4 28 4 13 4 - 7 - 24 19 - 9 9 - 13 6 “ 2 - 7 57 93 142 98 6 82 34 26 - 16 177 126 2 5 143 103 13 85 - 2 4 12 11 1 12 4 72 23 7 59 36 - 1l 66 66 8 2 7 15 5 4 2C 3b 35 30 62 44 26 24 122 52 21 6 13 3 28 3 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND SERVICE CRANE OPERATORS........................................... ELECTRIC BRIDGE (T RA VE LI N G )........... GANTRY CRANE............................................. MOBILE (TRUCK) CRANE........................... OTHER (INCLUDING CONBINATION OF TY P E S ).................................................. GUARDS.............................................................. JANITORS, PORTERS, OR CLEANERS......... LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING............... POWER TRUCK OPERATORS?........................... 780 307 193 43 6.0 4 5.93 237 380 475 444 170 6. 18 4.6 4 5.1 3 5 .2 2 5. 43 POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS(OTHER THAN F O R K L I F T ) ...................................... TRUCKDRIVERS................................................. 30 165 5.61 5 .6 6 6 .0 1 - 6 .2 2 - 2 1 1 2 “ “ “ “ “ 12 6 12 - 3 ~ - - - 2 1 6 E x clu des p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. 20 1 77 67 6 2 2 19 60 17 16 46 44 60 12 39 1 8 - - 16 46 6 215 70 45 13 87 16 24 39 24 6 10 9 - 22 1b 15 - 5 44 - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 135 53 46 - - 16 5 - 4 3 5 1 1 1 2 _ - 1 Inclu des data fo r w o r k e r s in c la s s ific a tio n s in addition to those shown sep a ra te ly. 2 Table 5. Occupational earnings: Gulf Coast (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u rly e a r n in g s 1o f w o r k e r s in s h ip y a rd s in s e le c te d o cc u p a tio n s, S e p te m b e r 1976) Occupation PRODUCTION INSPECTORS CLASS A ........................................................ LOPT WORKER S................................................. MACHINISTS, PRODUCTION........................... MARINE MACHINISTS...................................... MARINE P I P E F I T T E R S .................................... MARINE RxGGERS............................................. PAINTER S .......................................................... SHEET-METAL WORKERS.................................. S H IP F IT T E R S ................................................... SHIPWRIGHTS................................................... WELDERS, HAND CLASS A ........................................................ CLASS B ........................................................ WELDERS, MACHINE (ARC OB G A S ) ........... Number of w or ke r s NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING A ve r ag e 3 .6 0 3.80 4.00 4.2 0 4. 40 4 .6 0 4 .6 0 5.0 0 5 .2 0 hour ly UNDER AND ea rn- 3. 60 UNDER in gs 1 3 .8 0 4.00 4 .2 0 4.4 0 4. 60 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5.2 0 5 . 4 0 - - - 9 39 3 “ 24 3 - 6 .1 3 5 .2 5 5.7 9 - “ * 5.66 - - 25 59 217 702 1, 02 4 418 900 528 2, 5 63 514 *6 .80 6 .1 4 6.15 5 .6 5 5 .8 2 5 .7 2 5. 50 5.71 6 . 10 5 .7 4 3, 1 3 0 1,3 93 1,0 19 70 3 3 3 54 - 6 21 3 - - “ 33 - - - - - 3 - 3 2 3 4 3 ______ ______ 60 - - 75 43 6 - 6 - 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 6.0C 6 .2 0 15 - 3 9 3 - 9 3 - 9 18 15 51 - 3 362 383 192 462 296 339 173 200 46 308 51 24 - 54 - 42 - 12 179 177 - 493 376 966 226 2 23 146 3 165 235 - - 323 - - - - - - 30 - 21 15 - 3 5 99 65 67 25 - 3 - - 6 - 9 9 - S I R A I G n l - I I M E HOURLY EARNINGS (I N DOLLARS) OF— 5 .4 0 5.6 0 5.60 6 . 0 0 6 . 2 0 6 . 4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 7.0 0 7. 20 3 17 16 8 7 61 2 - - - 4 22 6 2 62 96 125 45 o4 26 74 100 59 32 36 155 21 6.40 13 5 5 13 6 .6 0 4 2 6 .8 0 8 8 68 15 79 - 60 1470 146 - 63 43 - - 4 - - 23 18 180 20 16 _ 1 18 “ 12 66 10 1 15 2 7. 20 1 6 - 115 123 291 10 1 14 27 182 2 131 83 1376 - 7 .0 0 6 7. 40 ' 7. 40 7.60 2 6 - _ - _ - 3 - - - - - * - - - MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE......................... MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND SERVICE CRANE OPERATORS........................................... 517 5. 92 S - - GANTRY CRANE2 ........................................... . MOBILE (TRUCK) CRANE........................... GUARDS.............................................................. JANITORS, PORTERS, OR CLEANERS......... LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING............... TRUCKDRIVERS................................................. 124 149 258 116 164 207 5 .8 3 5 .9 5 4.11 4. 37 3 .3 7 4. 99 - 9 5 3 3 104 4 129 6 1 E xclu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, la te sh ifts. a ra te ly . h olid a y s, 1 and 3 7 25 32 3 53 2 2 Includes I 1 21 31 7 data 56 30 3 2 1 54 34 _______ fo r 16 9 “ 11 19 1 _ 20 w o rk e rs in - c la s s ific a tio n s 20 2 54 - - 6 “ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ - - in addition to those shown sep- Table 6. Occupational earnings: Great Lakes (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 o f w o r k e r s in s h ip y a rd s by s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s, S e p te m b e r 1976) NUM BER OF W ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) OF— hourly ea rn in gs 1 of workers PRODUCTION LOFT HCRKERS................................................. MACHINIST'S/ PRODUCTION........................... MARINE ELECTRICIANS................................. MARINE MACHINISTS...................................... MARINE PI PEF IT TER S ................................... PAINTERS......................................................... SHEET-METAL KORKERS................................. NE1DERS, HAND 15 23 89 40 82 75 20 $5. 91 6 .2 8 6 . 13 6.35 6 .1 4 5 .5 2 5 .9 7 CLASS B....................................................... 166 CRANE OPERATORS.......................................... OTHER (INCLUDING CONBINATION OF T Y PE S )................................................. 4. 60 4 .8 0 5. 00 5 .2 0 5 .4 0 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6 .4 0 6. 60 4. 40 4. 60 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5.20 Occupations 5 .4 0 5 .6 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6.4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 - 4. 20 4.4 0 - - - 1 - - - - - - - 3 - 1 - 2 6 4 - - 4 - - - 23 - 6 4 .9 3 1 23 16 54 65 6 52 5 .9 9 - - - - 20 - 52 5. 99 - - 8 7 14 9 14 14 5 .8 0 - - 26 - _ _ _ _ 4 12 1 _ - - - - 3 - 2 - 24 3 “ 2 “ 24 - - 12 - 3 _ 1 1 - - 3 - 3 ~ 12 2 4 18 30 24 31 14 7 1 1 _ _ 6 16 3 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND SERVICE 1 Excludes prem iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w e e k ends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. " 20 Table 7. Occupational earnings: Pacific Coast (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u rly e a rn in g s1of w o r k e r s in s h ip y a rd s by s e le c te d o cc u p a tio n s, S e p te m b e r 1976) Occupation N u m ber o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earn in gs (in d o lla r s ) o f— Number A v e r a g e hourly 5 .4 0 5. 60 5.80 6 . 0 0 6 . 2 0 6 .4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 7. 00 7 .2 0 7 .4 0 7 . 6 0 7 .8 0 of UNDER workers earn in gs 1* 5. 40 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 6 . 0 0 6 . 2 0 6.40 6.6 0 6 .8 0 7 .0 0 7.2 0 7 .4 0 7 .6 0 7 .8 0 8 . 0 0 8 .0 0 AND OVER PRODUCTION BOILEEMAKERS................................................. ELECTEONICS TECHNICIANS CLASS A ....................................................... GEINDEES-CHIPPEE S...................................... LOFT WORKERS. .............................................. MACHINISTS, PRODUCTION.......................... MARINE ELECTRICIANS................................. MARINE MACHINISTS...................................... MARINE P I PE FI TT E R S ................................... MARINE RIGGERS............................................ PAINTER S.......................................................... SHEET-METAL WORKERS................................. S H IP F IT TE R S ................................................... SHIPWRIGHTS................................................... WELLERS, HAND CLASS A ....................................................... CLASS B....................................................... WELDERS, MACHINE (ARC OR G A S ) ........... 342 22 223 66 143 679 742 1,552 819 765 517 1,603 468 $7 . 1 9 - 45 * 77 7 .7 3 6.51 7 .5 6 6 .8 2 7. 17 7.C4 - “ 32 48 105 158 468 109 92 109 548 46 “ 6 .8 8 7 .1 9 7 .0 0 7 .0 5 - - 6 .8 6 7 .2 7 343 2,289 822 7.5 7 6 .5 5 7.41 - 84 7 .0 2 - - - - - - - - - * - - - - “ “ 117 “ - “ “ - - “ “ “ “ “ - “ “ ” ~ “ “ “ 9 - - - 1 “ 36 “ “ “ 32 “ 72 - - “ 13 159 - “ “ 114 - 10 “ “ - 297 21 - “ “ - “ “ - _ “ “ “ “ 8 95 574 584 1084 710 484 408 1255 409 - ~ “ “ “ “ 184 1170 813 1115 " - “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ - “ “ - - - - - - 65 - - - 15 - 19 “ 13 - 8 - “ 99 “ 6 “ 65 18 “ 16 22 56 “ ~ “ “ “ ” “ 14 “ - “ MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE........................ 19 " MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND SERVICE CRANE OPERATORS.......................................... ELECTRIC BRIDGE (TRAVELING)........... GANTRY CRANE............................................ MOBILE (TRUCK) CRANE.......................... OTHER (INCLUDING CONBINAIION OF T Y P E S )................................................. JANITORS, PORTERS, OR CLEANERS......... POWER TRUCK OPERATORS!........................... FORKLIFT OPERATORS3 ............................. . TRUCKDRIV ERS................................................. 31 7 .4 9 7 .5 8 7 .2 4 7 .3 6 79 41 207 206 63 7.65 5.10 6 .6 2 6 .6 2 7 .3 4 248 74 64 20 - - - 15 - 20 3 21 ~ 87 87 4 1 E x clu des prem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w eekends, h olid a y s, and la te sh ifts. 3 In clu des data fo r w o rk ers in cla s s ific a tio n s in addition to those shown s e p a ra te ly . “ “ - " “ 8 * - 20 9 14 - * 1 3 W o rk e rs w e r e d istrib u ted as fo llo w s : at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 4.00. 31 “ 20 120 - 119 52 “ 4 at under $ 3 .6 0 , 8 “ 6 and 17 Table 8. Method of wage payment (P e r c e n t of prod u ction w o r k e r s in sh ip y a rd s by m ethod o f w a g e p aym en t, U n ited States and s e le c te d p o rts , S e p te m b e r, 1976) METHOD O f W AGE PAYMENT1 UNITED STATES 2 ALL WOBKEBS................................................. 100 TIME BATED WOBKEBS........................................... FOEMAL PLANS................................................. SINGLE BATE............................................. BANGE OF BATES...................................... INDIVIDUAL BATES........................................ 2 95 95 60 35 1 5 1 2 1 3 - ' GULF COAST GBEAT LAKES PACI FIC COAST 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 77 100 - 100 21 100 1 2 100 98 97 69 28 INCENTIVE WOBKEBS............................................. INDIVIDUAL PIECEWOBK................................ GBOUP PIECEWOBK........................................... INDIVIDUAL BONUS......................................... GBOUP BONUS................................................... ATLANTIC COAST - _ _ - _ - - 99 _ _ - F o r defin itio n o f method o f w age paym ent, N O T E : B ecause o f rounding, sums o f in d iv id see Appendix B. ual ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls. 2 Includes data fo r po rts in addition to those shown sep a ra te ly. Table 9. Scheduled weekly hours (P e r c e n t o f production w o rk ers in sh ipyards by scheduled w e e k ly hou rs, U nited States and s e le c te d p o rts, S eptem b er 1976) WEEKLY BOUfiS UNITED STATES1 ATLANTIC COAST GULF COAST GREAT LAKES PA CI FI C COAST ALL WOBKEBS....................................................... 100 170 100 100 100 40 HOUBS.................................................................... 44 HOUBS.................................................................... 45 HOUBS.................................................................... 4 7 . 5 HOUBS................................................................ 94 100 81 100 100 “ 3 - - Includes data fo r p o rts in addition to sep a ra te ly. 1 1 those shown NOTE: equ al to ta ls. B ecause o f rounding, in dividu al ite m s m ay not Table 10. Shift differential provisions (P e r c e n t of prod u ction w o r k e r s in s h ip y a rd s by shift d iffe r e n t ia l p r o v is io n s ,1 U n ited States and s e le c te d p o rts, S e p te m b e r 1976) SH IFT D IFFE R E N TIAL SECOND WORKERS IN WITH GULF GREAT PAC IFIC COAST COAST LAKES COAST 9 9 .7 9 9 .3 10 0.0 10 0 .0 10 0.0 10 0.0 100.0 100.0 .1 HAVIN G P R O V I S I O N S ................................................................ SH IFT U NIFO RM ATLA N TIC SH IFT ESTABLISH M EN TS SECON D -SH IFT U N ITED STATES1 2 D I F F E R E N T I A L ............................................................ CENTS PER 9 7. 2 9 8 .0 9 4 .1 4 9 .0 H O U R ............................................................ 3 7 .6 - 7 9 .8 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 2. 1 12 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 3. 7 - 13 C E N T S .................................................................................................... .8 - 10 2 .7 10 .1 - 15 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 7 .4 20 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 17 . 9 C E N T S ....................................................... ... ........................................ 1 .7 30 C E N T S .................................................................................................... OVER 30 2 5 .6 - 4 6 .5 - - 5 .4 - - (3) 15 . 4 3 4 .5 - 3 2 .3 C E N T S ................................................................................. P E R C E N T A G E .......................................................................... 6 0 .3 2 .4 - 3 P E R C E N T ............................................................................................... . 3 .8 6 P E R C E N T ................................................................................................ .7 - 7 P E R C i . N I ................................................................................................ 2 6 .7 P E R C E N T ............................................................................................ 4 .5 10 FULL DAYS OTHER WITH PAY FORMAL NO WORKERS REDUCED OR LATE IN ESTAB LISH M E N TS OTHER SH IFT UNIFORM 10 - 9 7 .2 8 2 .2 7 4 .4 9 9 .9 9 2 .4 9 7 .2 8 2 .2 7 4 .4 3 9 .8 3 4 .5 - 6 0 .2 7 4 .4 - 9 9 .9 - P R O V IS IO N S .... H O U R ............................................................ C E N T S .................................................................................................... . 3 .8 C E N T S .................................................................................................... .4 - - C E N T S .................................................................................................... 1 .4 - - 20 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 22 OTHER 1 - 5 7 .6 -> - 1.8 1 .3 show n - 1 3 .5 - 3 3 .0 - - 3 1 .2 5 9 .6 - 2 5 .0 5 5 .9 - - 1.6 - - P E R C E N T ................................................................................................ P E R C E N T ............................................................................................ 4 .5 PAY FORMAL to shifts FOE 4 .7 PAID - D I F F E R E N T I A L .............................. 1 6 .7 REDUCED p o licie s or h avin g of s h ip y a r d s p ro vision s e ith e r 3 o p e ra t co v e rin g L e s s sep arate ly. data for ports in ad d ition to than 2 7 .2 - - 12.0 10 .1 3 .1 2 7 .2 - - 7 2 .8 0. 0 5 p e r c e n t . late N O T E : In clu d es - 3 .6 - H O U R S ........................... P E R C E N T ............................................................................................ DAYS sh ifts. 2 - 2 7 .8 P E R C E N T A G E .......................................................................... R e fers late - . 9 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 15 in g 20. 1 C E N T S ................................................................................................... 25 U NIFO RM 10 - SH IFT 12 FULL 7 2 .8 5 .9 18 7 - - 2 7 .2 - H AVIN G LA TE -SH IFT PER - - 123 2 .4 D I F F E R E N T I A L ............................................................ CENTS - 92. 4 D I F F E R E N T I A L .............................. OTHER 1 2 7 .2 - - 12.0 3. . - - - 5 9 .6 - - - 2 .4 - 6 12. 2 H O U R S ........................... D I F F E R E N T I A L ................................................. OR TH IR D W ITH PAID SH IFT TH IRD FOR - 1 3 .2 - U NIFO RM - - 4 8 .4 3 .1 - 25 2 7 .8 those ite m s m a y not B eca u se of roun din g, eq u al to ta ls. su m s of in d iv id u a l Table 11. Shift differential practices (P e r c e n t of pro d u ctio n w o r k e r s in s h ip y a rd s e m p lo y e d on late sh ifts by am ount of d iffe r e n t ia l, and se le c te d p o rts , S e p te m b e r 1976) S H IF T D IF F E R E N T IA L U N IT E D S T A T E S 12 A T L A N T IC COAST 2 1 .7 2 1 *4 1 1 .3 . 6 .9 . 1 2 3 .9 2 3 .7 6 .9 - U n ited States G U LF COAST GREAT LA K E S 2 1 .8 21.1 1 5 .3 1 5 .3 1 5 .3 P A C IF IC COAST SECO ND S H IF T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D ON S E C O N D S H I F T .................................. R E C E IV I N G S H I F T D I F F E R E N T I A L .......................................... U N IF O R M C E N T S P E R H O U R ............................................................ 1 0 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 1 2 C E N T S ..................................................................................................... 1 3 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 1 5 C E N T S ..................................................................................................... 2 0 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 2 5 C E N T S .................................................................................................... O V E R 3 0 C E N T S .................................................................................. U N IF O R M P E R C E N T A G E ........................................................................... 3 P E R C E N T ................................................................................................ 6 P E R C E N T ................................................................................................ 7 P E R C E N T ................................................................................................ 1 0 P E R C E N T ............................................................................................. F U L L D A Y S P A Y F O R R E D U C E D H O U R S ........................... O T H E R F O R M A L P A I D D I F F E R E N T I A L .............................. R E C E IV I N G N O S H I F T D I F F E R E N T I A L .............................. - - .7 - 2 .0 3. 9 .1 3 .7 7 .5 (2 ) . 2 6. 6 .7 .7 1 8 .3 .9 2 .5 3 .8 1 0 .7 .4 .5 .5 - 8 .2 1 4 .8 .1 1 4 .8 - 15. 1 15. 1 - - - - - - 3 .4 6. 1 5 .8 - - 2 .3 - - - .3 .2 .7 * 8 .4 8. 4 5 .9 (2 ) . 1 2. 1 (2 ) (2 ) 1 .5 1 .4 (2 ) . 1 1 1 .5 1 i .5 - 6 .5 6 .5 6 .4 - - - - 6. 4 . 4 .4 _ 4 .4 - - - 1 .8 - 1 0 .7 - T H IR D S H I F T OR O T H E R L A T E - S H I F T H O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D ON T H I R D O R O T H E R L A T E S H I F T ............................................................................................................... R E C E IV I N G S H I F T D I F F E R E N T I A L .......................................... U N IF O R M C E N T S P E R H O U R ............................................................ 1 2 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 1 8 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 2 0 C E N T S .................................................................................................... 2 2 C E N T S ..................................................................................................... 2 5 C E N T S ..................................................................................................... U N IF O R M P E R C E N T A G E ........................................................................... 7 P E R C E N T ................................................................................................ 1 0 P E R C E N T ............................................................................................. 1 5 P E R C E N T ............................................................................................. F U L L D A Y S P A Y F O R R E D U C E D H O U R S .......................... O T H E R F O R M A L P A ID D I F F E R E N T I A L .............................. 1 show n In clu d es data for p orts sep arate ly. 2 L e ss than in ad d ition to - .3 .7 th ose - - 3 .2 3 .1 (2 ) .2 N O T E : ite m s 0. 0 5 p e r c e n t . 8 .1 m a y not .1 B e ca u se of roun d in g, equ al tota ls. .3 .3 .3 4 .2 4 .2 - - - .3 - .6 - - - su m s .6 3 .7 of in d iv id u a l Table 12. Hazard pay provisions (P e r c e n t of prod u ction w o r k e r s in s h ip y a rd s by h a z a rd pay p r o v is io n s , U n ited S tates and s e le c te d p o rts , S e p te m b e r 1976) D IF F E R E N T IA L U N IT E D A T L A N T IC COAST S T A T E S 12 iiO R K E R S I N E S T A B L IS H M E N T S H A V IN G P R O V I S I O N S ........................................................................................ K I T H D I F F E R E N T I A L ........................................................... U N IF O R M C E N T S P E R H O U R ...................................... 1 0 C E N T S .............................................................................. 1 6 C E N T S .............................................................................. 2 0 C E N T S .............................................................................. 2 5 C E N T S .............................................................................. 3 0 C E N T S .............................................................................. O V E R 3 0 C E N T S ........................................................... U N IF O R M P E R C E N T A G E .................................................... 5 0 P E R C E N T ...................................................................... O T H E R F O R M A L P A ID D I F F E R E N T I A L . . . 1 In clu d es data for p o rts in ad d ition 69 64 94 94 11 1 1 4 5 10 10 43 those m a y L e s s than B e ca u se of 52 33 26 10 not 7 - - 13 - N O T E : show n 7 - - 2 19 19 67 sep arate ly. 2 - 6 59 59 87 61 28 - - - P A C IF IC COAST B7 - - 1 to 25 25 15 B - (2 ) GREAT LAKES G U LF CO A S T roun din g, su m s of in d iv id u a l equ al to ta ls. 0. 0 5 p e r c e n t . Table 13. Hazard pay practices (P ercen t States of p ro d u ctio n w o r k e r s and sele cted p orts, in sh ip yard s S ep tem b er receiv in g h aza rd w o rk U N ITED D IFFER E N TIAL REC EIV IN G U NIFO RM CENTS D I F F E R E N T I A L ........................... PER H O U R ............................................. 10 16 C E N T S ..................................................................................... 1 show n P E R C E N T A G E ............................................................ P E R C E N T .............................................................................. In clu d es PAID data for D I F F E R E N T I A L ............... p orts sep arately. 2 L e s s ( C E N T S .................................................................... FORMAL than in ad d ition COAST 0 .5 .5 0 .5 .3 “ - .3 - - - 2) - .1 “ .9 - * - .4 “ .1 .1 - 1 .5 to “ * .1 3 .2 those N O T E : ite m s 0. 0 5 p e r c e n t . P A C IFIC LAKES .1 . 1 . 1 C E N T S ..................................................................................... 50 GREAT . 4 30 OTHER GULF COAST .9 - .1 C E N T S ..................................................................................... C E N T S ..................................................................................... UNIFORM U n ited - 20 25 30 am ou n t of d iffe re n tia l, 4 .2 2 .1 .6 C E N T S ..................................................................................... OVER by COAST ATLA N TIC STATES1 HORKERS pay 1976) m a y not B e ca u se of rou n d in g, e qu al to ta ls. su m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s Table 14. Sea-trial pay provisions (P e r c e n t o f prod u ction w o r k e r s by s e a -t r ia l pay p r o v is io n s , U n ited States and s e le c te d p o r t s , S e p te m b e r 1976) D IFFEREN TIAL U NITED A TLA N TIC WORKERS IN t S T A B L I S H M E N l 'S COAST 8 0 .8 58. 5 5 6 .7 8 0 .8 1 .3 3 .0 5 8 .5 - 1 .3 3 .0 D IF F E R E N T IA L ... 5 1 .8 7 2 .6 D I F F E R E N T I A L ................................................ OTHER 6 .3 P E R C E N T A G E .................................................... P E R C E N T ....................................................................... 50 1 P A C IFIC 6 2 .9 D I F F E R E N T I A L ............................................................ U NIFO RM W ITH GREAT LAKES HAVIN G P R O V I S I O N S ......................................................................................... KITH GULF COAST COAST STATES 1 FORMAL NO In clu d es PAID data for p orts in ad d ition to <14.5 - 7 .0 - - - - - - 5 8 .5 3 7 .5 those show n N O T E : sep arate ly. m a y not B e ca u se of rou n d in g, su m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s eq u a l to ta ls. Table 15. Paid holidays (P e r c e n t of p ro d u ctio n sele cted p orts, NUMBER w o rk ers S e p tem b er OF PAID in shipyard s w ith fo rm a l H O LID AYS PRO D U CTIO N PAID WORKERS IN for p aid h o lid a y s, U n ite d S ta te s and GULF GREAT P A C IFIC COAST COAST LAKES COAST 100 10 0 100 100 100 100 U N ITED S TATES ALL p ro vision s 1976) W O R K E R S ............................................. ATLA N TIC 1 H O LID AYS ESTABLISH M EN TS P R O V ID IN G H O L I D A Y S ............................................................................................. 99 100 97 10 0 5 D A Y S ................................................................................................................... 3 - - D A Y S ................................................................................................................... 2 - - 7 D A Y S ................................................................................................................... - 14 - 8 D A Y S ................................................................................................................... 2 6 10 10 2 - 6 - - PAID 3 10 D A Y S ............................................................................................................... 35 26 59 11 D A Y S ................................................................................................................ 41 69 10 12 D A Y S ................................................................................................................ 1 7 52 2 D A Y S ................................................................................................................... - 2 9 1 show n In clu d es sep arate ly. data for p orts in ad d ition to those N O T E : ite m s m a y B e ca u se not of 74 rou n d in g, e q u a l to ta ls. - 26 - 30 su m s 11 of in d iv id u a l Table 16. Paid vacations (P ercen t p erio d s of of p ro d u ctio n serv ice, w o rk e rs in U n ited S ta te s sh ipyard s and sele cted V A C A T IO N P O L I C Y w ith f o r m a l p r o v is io n s p o rts, U N IT E D W O R K E R S ............................... W O R K E R S I N E S T A B L IS H M E N T S P R O V I D IN G P A I D V A C A T I O N S ...................................... L E N G T H - O F - T I M E P A Y M E N T ...................................... P E R C E N T A G E P A Y M E N T ..................................................... A M O U N T O F V A C A T IO N for p aid vacation s after sele cted 1976) A T L A N T IC COAST G U LF COAST GREAT LAKES P A C IF IC COAST 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 10 C 100 100 100 100 85 15 “ 86 12 100 30 70 (3 ) 83 17 84 13 3 “ 100 - 70 30 “ 5 28 52 14 64 59 41 100 84 STATES1 A L L P R O D U C T IO N S ep tem b er 7b 22 77 23 30 70 PAY‘ A F T E R 1 Y E A R OF S E R V IC E : 1 W E E K .................................................................................................... O V E R 1 A N D U N D ER 2 W E E K S .................................. 2 W E E K S ................................................................................................ A F T E R 2 Y E A R S OF S E R V I C E : 1 W E E K .................................................................................................... O V E R 1 A N D U N D ER 2 W E E K S .................................. 2 W E E K S ................................................................................................ O V E R 3 W E E K S .............................................................................. 76 23 1 6b 23 8 1 (3 ) “ “ - - A F T E R 3 T E A R S OF S E R V I C E : 1 W E E K .................................................................................................... O V E R 1 A N D U N D ER 2 W E E K S .................................. 2 W E E K S ................................................................................................ O V E R 2 W E E K S .............................................................................. 31 17 4b A F T E R 5 Y E A R S OF S E R V IC E : 2 W E E K S ................................................................................................ OVER 2 A N D UNDER 3 W E E K S ............................... 3 W E E K S ................................................................................................ O V E R 3 W E E K S .............................................................................. 30 35 26 16 35 - 2 3 “ 30 70 “ 17 61 19 47 53 - “ 51 41 8 A F T E R 1 0 Y E AR S O F S E R V IC E : 2 W E E K S ................................................................................................. OVER 2 A N D U N D E R 3 W E E K S ............................... 3 W E E K S ................................................................................................ O V E R 3 A N D U N D ER 4 W E E K S .................................. 4 W E E K S ................................................................................................. See footn otes at end of tab le. 7 52 2 8 37 26 10 17 4 21 26 15 35 12 4 * - 100 13 3 - Table 16. Paid vacations —Continued (P ercen t p erio d s of of p ro d u ctio n se rv ic e , w o rk e rs U n ited VACATION in States sh ipyard s and w ith sele cted PO LICY fo rm a l p o rts. U N ITED STATES1 p ro vision s S e p tem b er for p aid vacation s after sele cted 1976) A TLA N TIC GULF GREAT PA C IFIC COAST COASI LAKES COAST AMOUNT O F V A C A T I O N P A Y 2 — C O N T I NU E D AFTER 2 15 3 5 - 1 - - 40 31 47 30 W E E K S .................................. 39 18 50 53 70 W E E K S ................................................................................................. 22 39 13 - 3 4 7 - - 31 - 30 50 - 70 46 AND UNDER 4 W E E K S ................................................................................................. 25 3 4 13 - 100 W E E K S .................................. W E E K S ................................................................................................. 16 35 - - 4 A ND 25 UNDER YEARS 5 OF 2 AND (3) - SE R V ICE : W E E K S ................................................................................................. U NDER 3 3 W E E K S ............................... 4 - 17 - 5 10 (3) W E E K S ................................................................................................. - - - - 1 21 30 70 W E E K S ................................... 27 - 50 - W E E K S ................................................................................................. 22 35 W E E K S .................................. 9 12 12 10 47 - W E E K S ................................................................................................. 18 36 - 53 - 3 3 - - - 5 - 3 AND 4 UNDER AND 5 UNDER 4 5 W E E K S ............................................................................... 30 YEARS OF 2 AND (3) SE R V ICE : W E E K S ................................................................................................. OVER UNDER 3 3 W E E K S ............................... (3) 17 W E E K S ................................................................................................. 4 - 10 - _ - 1 21 30 70 W E E K S .................................. 27 - 50 - W E E K S ................................................................................................. 17 24 1 - 47 - (3) W E E K S .................................. 1 12 W E E K S ................................................................................................. 30 56 10 53 - 5 4 OVER 3 OVER 5 (3) SE R V IC E : 10 1 AFTER 4 OF 4 OVER 3 YEABS 4 28 OVER 2 UNDER - 20 OVER 5 3 W E E K S ............................... W E E K S .................................. OVER 4 3 W E E K S ........................................................................... 3 3 AFTER 3 UNDER W E E K S ................................................................................................. OVER 2 AND 20 UNDER 4 AND W E E K S ................................................................................................. OVER 5 SE R V IC E : 4 - AFTER 3 OF (3) 36 2 OVER 4 YEARS W E E K S ................................................................................................. OVER 4 OVER 5 AND UNDER AND UNDER 4 5 W E E K S ............................................................................... ' 1 show n In clu d es data fo r p orts in ad d ition to those sep arately. 2 nual earn in gs, tim e b a sis. tra rily and w e re such p ercen t to s e rv ic e w e re of n e c e s sa rily e stab lish m e n t as con verted P erio d s do not e x a m p le , in clu d e V a ca tio n p a y m e n ts , p ro vision s for an an 3 ch anges ch anges L e s s in p ro p o rtio n s betw een than 5 and at 10 y e a rs m ay 10 y e a r s . 0. 5 p e r c e n t . equ ivalen t ch osen refle ct of " a r b i in d iv id u a l p ro gre ssio n . F o r N O T E : B e c a u s e o f round ing, u al ite m s m a y not e qu al to ta ls. su m s of in d iv id Table 17. H ealth , Insurance, and re tire m e n t plans (P ercen t U n ited of p ro d u ctio n States and w o rk ers sele cted TYPE in ports, sh ipyard s, w ith sp e cifie d PLAN1 OF h e a lth , U N ITED retirem en t p lan s, GULF GREAT P A C IFIC COAST COAST LAKES COAST W O R K E B S ......................................................................................... 100 100 100 100 10 0 I N S U R A N C E ............................................................................................ 94 10 0 85 100 93 77 74 70 72 93 65 47 79 59 93 52 27 64 59 93 69 62 86 44 44 ALL LIFE NONCONTBIBUTOBY ACCIDENTAL DEATH P L A N S ..................................................... AND DISM EM BERM ENT I N S U B A N C E ........................................................................................................... N O N C O N T B I B U T O B Y P L A N S ..................................................... S I C K N E S S AND A C C ID E N T IN SU R A N C E SICK LEAVE SICK N E SS BOTH3 OB A ND LEAVE I N S U R A N C E ............... 69 62 85 10 0 10 0 P L A N S ............................................. 37 36 22 72 ..................................................... ACCIDENT NONCONTBIBUTOBY SICK (FULL PAY, NO 9 20 P E R I O D ) ................................................................................................... 2 4 TEEM 7 13 7 13 99 LONG LEAVE (P A R TIA L - 10 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 10 0 96 73 30 26 99 100 96 10 0 P L A N S ..................................................... 64 M EDICAL P L A N S ..................................................... RETIREM ENT PLANS5 least o n ly part p lan s such secu rity; tem p o ra ry em p lo yer or e m p lo ye e s the as p lan s in su ra n ce con tribu tes receiv e for co st w h ich and w o rk ers' h ow ever, d isa b ility the p lan s m o re ben efits the th an is 26 99 99 86 86 98 26 100 100 100 le g a lly by the 100 1 3 and leav e 4 5 if req u ired lega l r e U n d u plicated o r sick n e ss total and of w o rk ers a c cid e n ta l rec eiv in g in su ran ce sick show n sep a ra te ly. S tate in clu d e d le g a lly e x ce e d in g 100 29 95 com p en sation req u ired a re 95 73 e m p lo ye r e xclu d e s la w s 26 10 0 95 P L A N S ..................................................... of 10 0 30 76 .......................................................................... P A Y ......................................................................................... In clu d es 26 96 73 98 P L A N S ..................................................... P E N S I O N S ........................................................................................................... SEVERANCE 30 100 64 I N S U B A N C E ............................................................ NONCONTBIBUTOBY 73 99 64 I N S U B A N C E ................................................................................. NONCONTBIBUTOBY so cia l - - 64 NONCONTBIBUTOBY req u ired 1 2 2 P L A N S ..................................................... I N S U R A N C E ..................................................... NONCONTBIBUTOBY 1 (“) W A ITIN G P L A N S ..................................................... NONCONTBIBUTOBY at “ I N S U R A N C E .............................................................................. H O SPITA LIZA TIO N SU R G ICA L MAJOR OB D I S A B I L I T Y ...................................................................... NONCONTBIBUTOBY M EDICAL PAY 44 W A ITIN G P E R I O D ) .................................................................................................... SICK pays and ATLAN TIC STATES2 OB in su ra n ce , 1976) sio n and L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . U n d u plicated retirem en t total of w o rk e rs sev e ra n ce pay co v e red by p en show n p lan s se p arate ly. q u ire m e n ts. 2 show n In clu d es sep arate ly. data for p orts in ad d ition to N O T E ; those ite m s m a y not B eca u se of rounding, eq u al to ta ls. su m s of in d iv id u a l Table 18. O ther selected b enefits (Percent of production w orkers in shipyards with other selected benefits, United States and selected ports, September 1976) ITEM1 UNITED ATLANTIC COAST S T A T E S 23 GREAT LAKES GULF COAST PACI FIC COAST NORKERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS NITH PROVISIONS FOR: PAID FUNERAL LEAVE................................. PAID JURY DUTY LEAVE............................. DENTAL INSURANCE...................................... COST OF LIVING ADJUSTMENT.................. PLAN BASED ON C P I ? .................... PLAN ON ANOTHER BA SI S ............. CALL-IN PAY................................................. REPORT-IN PAY............................................ 35 77 31 61 52 62 10 0 40 48 36 6 11 90 90 10 0 1 F o r definition of item s, see appendix B. 2 Includes data for ports in addition to those separately. 3 L e ss than 0. 5 percent. 99 shown N O T E : Because may not equal totals. 41 59 59 87 59 - 61 51 10 77 78 4 Consum er L a b o r Statistics. of (3) (3) 70 10 0 2 85 P ric e Index published rounding, 10 0 10 0 83 92 by the Bureau of sums of individual items Appendix: A. U.S. Navy Shipyards rates are adjusted annually in line with prevailing rates among private employers in each geographic area. Each grade has five longevity pay steps. Table A-l compares occupations and their grade level in U.S. Navy yards with BLS job titles in the private .shipyard survey. Table A-2 provides the Wage Board Schedule for nonsupervisory workers for each of the seven Navy facilities. In addition to straight-time pay rates in table A-2, workers also receive the same supplementary benefits as those provided to General Schedule (white-collar) workers.1 Navy shipyard workers also may receive hazard pay, shift differentials, and premium pay for overtime, holiday, and Sunday work. Survey data in the main body of this bulletin relate to private shipyards. The U.S. Navy, which operates seven shipyards in the conterminous United States, employed 59,800 civilians in September 1976. The three yards on the West Coast (Puget Sound, San Francisco, and Los Angeles) had 27,300 workers; Norfolk and Charleston on the southern Atlantic Coast had 18,800 workers; and the northern Atlantic yards (Philadelphia and Portsmouth) employed 13,700. In addition, the Navy has a large facility in Hawaii with approximately 5,500 workers. Most of the work in Navy yards is repairing and major converting of vessels whereas new ships are constructed in private yards under contract. Pay rates for civilian trade, maintenance, and service workers (blue-collar) of Navy shipyards (as well as for other U.S. Government agencies) are set in accordance with pro visions o f the Federal Wage System (5 U.S.C. 5341-534a). This system provides for common job grading standards and pay policies among U.S. Government agencies. Pay 1 For a description of supplementary wage benefits provided Federal employees under the General Schedule, see Wage Chronology: Federal Employees Under the General Schedule Pay System, July 1924-October 1974 (BLS Bulletin 1870, 1975), and its supplement covering 1975. 20 Table A-1. Occupational title and wage grade of workers in U.S. Navy shipyards and corresponding BLS survey job title, September 1976 U.S. Navy occupational title Janitor ................................................................................ Laborer................................................................................ Equipment cleaner............................................................... Forklift operator.................................................................. Trades helper........................................................................ Motor vehicle operator ....................................................... Painting worker................................................................... Bridge crane operator......................................................... .. Machine-tool operator......................................................... Welding worker................................................................... Welding worker.................................................................... Welding worker and welder................................................. Carpenter.............................................................................. Machine-tool operator......................................................... Machine-tool operator......................................................... Boom crane operator........................................................... Boilermaker.......................................................................... Electrician............................................................................ Machinist.............................................................................. Mechanic.............................................................................. Pipefitter.............................................................................. Rigger.................................................................................... Sheet-metal mechanic........................................................... Shipfitter.............................................................................. Shipwright............................................................................ Welder.................................................................................. Welder.................................................................................. Welder.................................................................................. Electronic mechanic............................................................. Toolmaker........................................................................... Wage grade 1 or 2 2 4 or 5 5 5 6 7 7 or 9 8 8 8 8 or 10 9 9 9 9 or 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 or 12 13 21 BLS job title Janitor, porter, cleaner Laborer, material handling Grinder-chipper Power-truck operator, forklift Helper, maintenance trades Truckdriver Painter Crane operator, electric bridge Machine-tool operator, production, class C Welder, hand, class B Welder, machine (resistance) class B Welder, machine (arc or gas) Carpenter, maintenance Machine-tool operator, production, class A and B Machine-tool operator (toolroom) Crane operator, gantry Boilermaker Marine electrician and electrician, maintenance Machinist, maintenance Mechanic, maintenance Marine pipefitter and pipefitter, maintenance Millwright Sheet-metal worker Shipfitter Shipwright Welder, hand, class A Welder, machine (resistance), class A Welder, maintenance Electronics technician, class A Tool-and-die-maker Table A-2. Federal Wage System hourly wage rates1 for nonsupervisory workers in U.S., Navy Shipyards, September 1976 South Atlantic ports North Atlantic ports Wage grade and first/last steps WG-1 Step 1 Step 5 WG-2 Step 1 Step 5 WG-3 Step 1 Step 5 WG-4 Step 1 Step 5 WG-5 Step 1 Step 5 WG-6 Step 1 Step 5 WG-7 Step 1 Step 5 WG-8 Step 1 Step 5 WG-9 Step 1 Step 5 WG-10Step 1 Step 5 WG-11Step 1 Step 5 WG-12 Step 1 Step 5 WG-13 Step 1 Step 5 ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. Philadel phia2 $4.47 5.22 4.65 5.42 4.83 5.63 5.00 5.84 5.17 6.04 5.36 6.25 5.53 6.45 5.70 6.65 5.88 6.85 6.06 7.07 6.23 7.27 6.40 7.47 6.58 7.67 Portsmouth Charleston $3.31 3.86 3.55 4.14 3.80 4.44 4.10 4.78 4.39 5.12 4.68 5.47 4.98 5.81 5.27 6.15 5.57 6.50 5.86 6.83 6.15 7.18 6.45 7.53 6.74 7,86 Employees are normally hired at Step 1 of the 5-step rate range for the grade and advance to Step 2 after 26 weeks of satisfac tory service; advancement to Step 3 requires 78 weeks of satisfactory service in Step 2; and advancement to steps 4 and 5 requires 104 weeks of satisfactory service in each of steps 3 and 4. Each step^ is separated by 4-percent increments. Effective December 2 1 ,19 7 6 , workers received approximately $3.49 4.08 3.84 4.48 4.19 4.88 4.53 5.29 4.88 5.69 5.22 6.09 5.57 6.50 5.90 6.89 6.25 7.29 6.60 7.69 6.94 8.10 7.29 8.50 7.63 8.90 Pacific ports Norfolk Los Angeles Puget Sound4 San Francisco5 $3.47 4.04 3.72 4.35 3.97 4.64 4.23 4.94 4.48 5.23 4.74 5.53 4.99 5.82 5.25 6.13 5.50 6.42 5.76 6.72 6.01 7.01 6.27 7.31 6.52 7.60 $4.39 5.12 4.63 5.40 4.86 5.67 5.10 5.95 5.34 6.23 5.58 6.51 5.81 6.78 6.05 7.06 6.29 7.34 6.53 7.62 6.76 7.88 7.00 8.16 7.24 8.44 $4.92 5.75 5.12 5.97 5.31 6.19 5.50 6.42 5.69 6.64 5.88 6.87 6.08 7.09 6.27 7.31 6.47 7.55 6.66 7.77 6.85 8.00 7.05 8.22 7.24 8.44 $4.70 5.49 4.98 5.81 5.25 6.13 5.53 6.45 5.80 6.76 6.08 7.09 6.36 7.41 6.62 7.73 6.90 8.05 7.17 8.37 8.69 7.45 7.72 9.00 8.00 9.33 a 9-jaercent increase in pay rates. Effective November 23, 1976, workers received approxi mately a 10-percent increase in pay rates. Effective November 9, 1976, workers received approximately an 8-percent increase in pay rates. Effective November 9, 1976, workers received approximately an 8-percent increase in pay rates. 22 Appendix B. Scope and Method of Survey Scope of survey and com position o f the industry’s labor force, rather than as precise measures o f employment. T he survey included establishments primarily engag ed in building and repairing all types o f ships, barges, and lighters, whether propelled by sail or motor pow er or tow ed by other crafts (SIC 3731 as defined in the 1967 edition o f the S ta n d a r d I n d u s tr ia l C la ssifica tio n M a n u a l prepared by the U.S. O ffice o f Management and Budget). Included in the industry were yards converting and altering ships. Excluded from the survey were (1) Separate auxiliary units such as central offices; (2) establishments fabricating structural assemblies o f com ponents for ships; (3) subcontractors engaged in ship painting, joinery, carpentry, electrical and electronic work; and (4) U.S. N avy shipyards. Establishments studied were selected from those em ploying 250 workers or more at the time o f refer ence o f the data used in com piling the universe lists. Table B -l show s the number o f establishments and workers estimated to be within the scope o f the survey, as w ell as the number actually studied by the Bureau. Production workers The terms “production workers”and “production and related workers,’’used interchangeably in this bul letin, include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers engaged in nonoffice activities. Admini strative, executive, professional, and technical person nel, and force-account construction em ployees, w ho are used as a separate work force on the firm’s ow n properties, are excluded. Occupational classification Occupational classification was based on a uniform set o f job descriptions designed to take account o f interestablishment and interarea variations in duties within the same job. (See appendix C for these descrip tions.) T he criteria for selection o f the occupations were: The number o f workers in the occupation; the usefulness o f the data in collective bargaining; and appropriate representation o f the entire job scale in the industry. Working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, and handicapped, part-time, tem porary, and probationary workers were not reported in the data for selected occupations but were included in the data for all production workers. Method of study Data were obtained by personal visits o f the Bureau’s field staff to a representative sample o f establishments within the scope o f the survey. T o obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion o f large than o f small establishments was studied. A ll estimates are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry, excluding only those below the minimum size at the time o f reference o f the universe data. Wage data Information on wages relates to straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Incentive payments, such as those resulting from piecew ork or production bonus systems, and cost-of-living bonuses w ere included as part o f the workers’ regular pay. Nonproduction bonus payments, such as Christmas or yearend bonuses, were excluded. A v era g e (m ea n ) h o u rly ra te s o r earn in gs for each occupation or category o f workers, such as production workers, were calculated by weighting each rate (or hourly earnings) by the number o f workers receiving the rate, totaling, and dividing by the number o f individuals. T he hourly earnings o f salaried workers Establishment definition A n establishment is defined for this study as a single physical location where manufacturing operations are performed. A n establishment is not necessarily identical w ith a company, w hich may consist o f one establishment or more. Employment Estimates o f the number o f workers within the scope o f the study are intended as a general guide to the size 23 Table B-1. Estimated number of establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied, shipbuilding and repairing, September 1976 Number of establishments1 Ports United States3 ................................. Atlantic Coast............................. Gulf Coast................................... Great Lakes............................... Pacific Coast............................... Within scope of survey 78 23 25 5 18 Within scope of survey Actually studied Total2 50 16 13 4 10 Includes only those shipyards with 250 workers or more at the time of reference of the universe data. 2 Workers in establishments Includes executive, professional, office, and other workers 142,276 69,320 43,772 3,325 20,324 Production workers 104,027 46,561 32,712 2,932 17,372 Actually studied Total 128,464 66,569 38,035 2,867 15,458 excluded from the production worker category shown separately. Includes data for other ports in addition to those shown separately. Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the study. Shift, hazard, and sea trial pay provisions and practices w ere obtained by dividing straight-time salary by normal (or standard) hours to w hich the salary corresponds. Provisions relate to the policies o f establishments either currently operating late shifts or having formal provisions covering such work. Practices relate to workers em ployed on late shifts or receiving hazard or sea trial pay at the time o f the survey. Method of wage payment Tabulations by method o f w age payment relate to the number o f workers paid under the various time and incentive w age systems. Formal rate structures for time-rated workers provide single rates or a range o f rates for individual job categories. In the absence o f a formal rate structure, pay rates are determined primari ly by the qualifications o f the individual worker. A single rate structure is one in w hich the same rate is paid to all experienced workers in the same job classification. Learners, apprentices, or probationary workers may be paid according to rate schedules w hich Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions Supplementary benefits in an establishment were considered applicable to all production workers if they applied to half or more o f such workers in the start below the single rate and permit the workers to establishment. Similarly, if fewer than half of the achieve the full job rate over a period o f time. An experienced worker occasionally may be paid above or below the single rate for special reasons, but such payments are exceptions. Range-of-rate plans are those in w hich the minimum, maximum, or both o f these rates paid experienced workers for the same job are speci fied. Specific rates o f individual workers within the range may be determined by merit, length o f service, or a combination o f these. Incentive workers are classified under piecew ork or bonus plans. Piecew ork is work for w hich a predetermined rate is paid for each unit o f output. Production bonuses are for production in excess o f a quota or for com pletion o f a task in less than standard time. workers were covered, the benefit was considered nonexistent in the establishment. Because o f length-ofservice and other eligibility requirements, the propor tion o f workers receiving the benefits may be smaller than estimated. P a id holidays. Paid holiday provisions relate to full-day and half-day holidays provided annually. T he summary o f vacation plans is limited to formal arrangements and exclude informal plans whereby time o ff w ith pay is granted at the discretion o f the em ployer or supervisor. Payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment o f 2 percent o f annual earnings was considered the equivalent o f 1 w eek’s pay. The periods o f service for w hich data are presented represent the most common practices, but they do not necessarily reflect individual establishment provisions for progression. For example, changes in proportions indicated at 10 years o f service P a id vacations. Scheduled weekly hours Data on w eekly hours refer to the predominant work schedule for full-time production workers em ployed on the day shift. 24 may include changes w hich occurred betw een 5 and 10 years. injury involving an expense w hich exceeds the normal coverage o f hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Tabulations o f retirement pensions are limited to plans w hich provide regular payments for the remain der o f the retiree’s life. Data are presented separately for retirement severance pay (one payment or several over a specified period o f time) made to em ployees on retirement. Establishments providing both retirement severance payments and retirement pensions to em ployees were considered as having both retirement pensions and retirement severance plans; how ever, establishments having optional plans providing em ploy ees a choice o f either retirement severance payments or pensions were considered as having only retirment pension benefits. H ea lth , insurance, a n d re tire m e n t plan s. Data are presen ted for health, insurance, pension, and retirement severance plans for w hich the em ployer pays all or a part o f the cost, excluding programs required by law such as workers’ com pensation and social security. A m ong plans included are those underwritten by a com mercial insurance com pany and those paid directly by the em ployer from his current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. D eath benefits are included as a form o f life insur ance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type o f insurance under w hich predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a w eekly or m onthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to w hich the em ployer contributes at least a part o f the cost. H ow ever, in N e w York and N ew Jersey, w here temporary disability insurance laws require em ployer contributions,1 plans are included only if the em ployer (1) contributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the em ployees w ith benefits w hich exceed the requirements o f the law. P a id f u n e r a l a n d ju r y - d u ty leave. Data for paid funeral and jury-duty leave relate to formal plans which provide at least partial payment for time lost as a result o f attending funerals o f specified family members or serving as a juror. T ech n o lo g ica l severan ce p a y . Data relate to formal plans providing for payments to em ployees permanently separated from the com pany because o f a technological change or plant closing. Tabulations o f paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans w hich provide full pay or a proportion o f the worker’s pay during absence from work because o f illness; informal arrangements have been omitted. Sepa rate tabulations are provided for (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. Long-term disability insurance plans provide pay ments to totally disabled em ployees upon the expiration o f sick leave, sickness and accident insurance, or both, or after a specified period o f disability (typically 6 months). Payments are made until the end o f disability, a maximum age, or eligibility for retirement benefits. Payments may be full or partial, but are almost always reduced by social security, workers’ compensation, and private pension benefits payable to the disabled em ployee. M edical insurance refers to plans providing for com plete or partial payment o f doctors’ fees. Such plans may be underwritten by a com mercial insurance com pany or a nonprofit organization, or they may be a form o f self-insurance. Major medical insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical or catastrophe insurance, includes plans designed to cover em ployees for sickness or C a ll-in P ay. Data relate to pay guaranteed to a worker w h o is called to work outside h is/her regular shift. R e p o rtin g -in Pay. Data relate to pay guaranteed to a worker w ho reports to his/her regular shift and there is no work available. D e n ta l In su ra n ce. Data relate to formal plans covering normal service such as fillings, extractions, and X-rays. Many health insurance plans provide benefits for cer tain kinds o f oral surgery or dental care required as the result o f an accident; plans limited to such conditions w ere excluded. C o st-o f-livin g a d ju stm e n ts. Data relate to formal plans whereby w age rates are adjusted periodically in keep ing w ith changes in the Consumer Price Index or some other measure. 1 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions, do not require employer contri butions. 25 Appendix C. Occupational descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter-establishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’s field staff is instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, and handcapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. Production malfunctions, and skill to put equipment in required operating condition. T he equipment—consisting o f either many different kinds o f circuits or multiple repetition o f the same kind o f circuit—includes, but is not limited to, the following: (a) E lectronic transmitting and receiving equipment (e.g., radar, radio, television, telephone, sonar, naviga tional aids), (b) digital and analog computers, and (c) industrial and medical measuring and controlling equip ment. This classification excludes repairers or such stand ard electronic equipment as com m on office machines and household radio and television sets; production assemblers and testers; workers w hose primary duty is servicing electronic test instruments; technicians w h o have administrative or supervisory responsibility; and drafters, designers, and professional engineers. Positions are classified into levels on the basis o f the follow ing definitions. Class A. Applies advanced technical know ledge to solve unusually com plex problems (i.e., those that typically cannot be solved solely by reference to manufacturers’ manuals or similar documents) in working on electronic equipment. Examples o f such problems include location and density o f circuitry, electrom agnetic radiation, isolating malfunctions, and frequent engineering changes. W ork involves: A detailed understanding o f the interrelationships o f circuits; exercising indepen dent judgm ent in performing such tasks as making circuit analyses, calculating w ave forms, tracing relationships in signal flow; and regularly using com plex test instruments (e.g., dual trace oscillo scopes, Q-meters, deviation meters, pulse genera tors). Boilermaker Assem bles boilers, tanks, vats, and pressure vessels, using pow er tools and handtools. Work involves m ost o f the following: Determ ining location and relationship o f parts from blueprints; connecting firetubes to heads or watertubes to drums and headers o f boilers, by expan ding and belling ends w ith tube expander and beading ends with pow er hammer; drilling and tapping holes w ith portable drill to install studs; tightening bolts w ith hand or power wrenches to assemble frames, davit heads, burners, or furnace casing to firetube boilers; bolting or screw ing accessories, such as manholes, handholes, fans, gages, and valves to vessel, using handtools or pow er wrenches; replacing defective parts w ith pow er wrenches, prying bars, or handtools. May thread and install stay tubes, using pipe w rench and dies. M ay rem ove and replace rivets and calk seams to repair riveted shells and structures, using pneumatic chisel, riveter, and calking hammer. M ay cut out defective parts w ith acetylene torch. Electronics technician Works on various types o f electronic equipment and related devices by performing one or a combination o f the following: Installing, maintaining, overhauling, troubleshooting, modifying, constructing, and testing. W ork requires practical application o f technical know l edge o f electronics principles, ability to determine 26 Work may be review ed by supervisor (frequently an engineer or designer) for general com pliance w ith accepted practices. M ay provide technical guidance to low er level technicians. C la ss B. Applies com prehensive technical know l edge to solve com plex problems (i.e., those that typically can be solved solely by properly interpre ting manufacturers’ manuals or similar documents) in working on electronic equipment. W ork in volves: A familiarity w ith the interrelationships o f circuits, and judgm ent in determining work se quence and in selecting tools and testing instru ments, usually less com plex that those used by the class A technician. C la ss C. A pplies working technical know ledge to perform simple or routine tasks in working on electronic equipment, follow ing detailed in structions w hich cover virtually all procedures. W ork typically involves such tasks as: Assisting higher level technicians by performing such activi ties as replacing com ponents, wiring circuits, and taking test readings; repairing simple electronic equipment; and using tools and com m on test instruments (e.g., multimeters, audio signal genera tors, tube testers, oscilloscopes). Is not required to be familiar w ith the interrelationships o f circuits. This know ledge, how ever, may be acquired through assignments designed to increase com pe tence (including classroom training) so that work er can advance to higher level technician. R eceives technical guidance, as required, from supervisor or higher level technician. Work is typically spot checked, but is given detailed re view when new or advanced assignments are involved. flaws and defects, checking their dimensions and ap pearance to determine whether they meet the required standards and specifications. C la ss A - Responsible for decisions regarding the quality o f the product and/or operations. W ork in volves a n y co m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g :: Thorough know ledge o f the processing operations in the use o f a variety o f precision measuring instruments; interpreting drawings and specifications in in spection work on units com posed o f a large number o f com ponent parts; examining a variety o f products o f processing operations; determining causes o f flaws in products and/or processes and suggesting necessary changes to correct work methods; devising inspection procedures for new products. C la ss B. W ork in vo lves a n y co m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : K now ledge o f processing operations in the branch o f work to w hich he is assigned, limited to familiar products and processes or where per formance is dependent on past experience; perfor ming inspection operations on products and/or processes having rigid specifications, but where the inspection procedures involve a sequence o f inspection operations, including decisions regard ing proper fit or performance o f some parts; using precision measuring instruments. Class C. W ork in volves a n y co m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : Short cycle, repetitive inspection oper ations; using a standardized, special purpose mea suring instrument repetitively; visual examination o f parts or products, rejecting units having obvious deformities or flaws. Loft worker (Loftsman) Lays out lines o f ship to full scale on mold-loft floor and constructs templates and molds to be used as patterns and guides for layout and fabrication o f various structural parts o f ships. W o rk in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Laying out full-scale portions o f ship’s plan, working from blueprints and tables o f offsets; marking frame lines and other reference lines on loft floor; measuring dimensions between lines and prepa ring tables o f offsets; comparing prepared tables with tables on blueprints; constructing template, using know ledge o f geom etric construction, and tools; mark ing templates with identifying data and instructions, such as number o f pieces to be made, type, and w eight o f stock and location for installation; and constructing full scale w ood mockups o f ship’s parts and sections for use as guide in shaping or positioning parts. Grinder-chipper (Rough grinder; grinder-filer) Grinds and chips w eld splatter, high spots, burrs, slag, and rust from metal surfaces o f ships to improve their appearance or prepare them for painting, using portable or pedestal grinders, chipping hammers, handfiles and wire brushes. W o rk in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Inserting specified grinding w heel, wire brush, or cutting chisel into portable grinder or power hammer; activating pow er tool; positioning and guiding tool along high or defective spots on surface o f workpiece. M ay chip or grind out pits or shrink cracks. Grinds portable pieces, using pedestal grinder. May sharpen chisels and dress grinding w heel, using pedes tal grinder or wheel dresser. Inspector Machine-tool operator, production Inspects parts, products, an d/or processes. Performs such operations as examining parts or products for Operates or tends one or more nonportable, powerdriven machine tools (including numerically controlled 27 machine tools) in order to shape metal by progressively rem oving portions o f the stock in the form o f chips or shavings, or by abrasion, such as: Autom atic lathes Boring machines D rill presses, single or multiple-spindle Engine lathes Gear-cutting machines M achine tools, m iscellaneous1 M illing machines Planers Screw machines, automatic Screw machines, hand Shapers Turret lathes, automatic formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and expe rience. Marine electrician Installs and repairs wiring, fixtures, and equipment for all electrical services aboard ship, follow ing blue prints and wiring diagrams. W o rk in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Installing conduit to bulkheads with brackets and screws, using handtools, and threading wires through conduit to terminals, such as connection boxes, circuit breakers, voltage regulators, and sw itch panels; connecting pow er supply circuits to radio, radar, sonar, fire control, and other electronic equipment; and test ing electrical characteristics, such as voltage, resist ance, and phase angle, in circuits, using voltmeters, ohmmeters, and phase rotation indicators. May construct instrument panels, using handtools, rulers, dividers, and pow er drills, follow ing specifications. C la ss A . Sets up machines, by determining proper feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence or by selecting those prescribed in drawings, blueprints, or layouts; makes necessary adjustments during operations w here changes in work and setup are relatively frequent and w here care is essential to achieve requisite dimensions o f very close toler ances. C la ss B. Sets up machines on standard or roughing operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and oper ation sequence are prescribed or maintains oper ation setup made by others; makes all necessary adjustments during operation w here care is essen tial to achieve very close tolerances or where changes in product are relatively frequent. C la ss C. Operates machine on routine and repeti tive operations; makes only minor adjustments during operations; when trouble occurs, stops machine and calls foreman, leadman, or setup man to correct the operation. Marine machinist (Outside machinist) Installs ship machinery, such as propelling machin ery, auxiliary motors, pumps, ventilating equipment, and steering gear, such as evaporators, stills, heaters, pumps, condensers, and boilers, and connecting them to steampipe systems; testing installed machinery and equipment during dock and sea trials. M ay set up and operate such machine shop tools as lathe, boring mill, planer, shaper, slotter, and milling machine to fabricate replacement parts. Marine pipefitter Lays out, installs, and maintains ships’ piping sys tems, such as steam heat and pow er, hot water, hydraulic, air pressure, and oil lines, follow ing blue prints, and using handtools and shop machines. W ork in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning layout o f pipe sections, allow ing for location o f bulkheads, machin ery, passageways, holes, and obstructions; cutting and boring holes in bulkheads and decks for installation o f pipes; operating shop machines to cut and thread pipe and pipe fittings, such as valves, traps, and thermostats; packing pipe w ith sand to avoid contortion o f pipe and bending pipe to specified shape on pipe-bending fixture; bolting or w elding pipe brackets to support pipe systems; connecting pipes to fixtures, such as radiators, Machinist, production (All-round machinist, custom machinist) Fabricates, by a series o f progressive machining operations, com plete metal parts, mechanisms, or machines to be used as, or part o f, the end product o f the establishment. W o rk in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out work; using a variety o f machinist’s handtools and precision measuring instru ments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping metal parts to close tolerances; making stan dard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, tooling, feeds and speeds o f machines; know ledge o f the working properties o f the com m on metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment needed for his work; fitting and assembling parts. In general, the machinist’s work normally requires a rounded training in machine shop practice usually acquired through a * Includes operators of machine tools not specifically listed above but within the general definition of operators of machine tools of the metalcutting type, as well as operators required alternately to operate more than one type of machine tool. 28 laundry, and galley equipment, pumps, and tanks, using wrench, and soldering joints to seal connections, using hand torch. M ay repair, pack, and adjust valves. May test installed systems for leaks and to insure that system meets specifications, using hydrostatic and other pres sure test equipment. heavy material to layout or specified dimensions; performing shearing operations involving angular or other difficult cuts. Sheet-metal worker Fabricates, assembles, installs, and repairs sheet-metal products and equipment, according to job order or blueprints. W o rk in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Selecting gauge and type o f sheet metal according to product being fabricated and know ledge o f metal; locating and marking dimension and reference lines o f metal sheet; setting up and operating fabricating machines, such as shears, brakes, bending rolls, and punch and drill presses, to cut, bend, and straighten sheet metal; shaping metal over anvils, blocks, or forms; setting up and operating soldering and w elding equipment to join together sheet metal parts; smoothing seams, joints, or burred surfaces, using files and portable grinder or buffer; and inspecting assemblies and installations for conform ance w ith specifications, using measuring in struments, such as calipers, scales, and micrometer. Marine rigger (Outside rigger) Installs and repairs on ships and attaches to lift, m ove, and structural parts, and rigging and weight-handling gear hoists and pulling gear to rigging position machinery, equipment, other heavy loads aboard ships. W ork in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Form ing slings and tow ing bridles by looping and splicing cable or by crimping metal sleeve around cable end and body o f cable; splicing and tieing rope to form nets, ladders, and other rigging; installing hooks, sw ivels, and tumbuckles in rigging; reeving lines through blocks and pulleys; sew ing canvas or leather covers on rigging at friction points; selecting and attaching gear, braces, and cushions, according to w eight and distribution o f load, availability o f hoisting machinery, and presence o f obstacles; signalling workers operating cranes or other equipment to m ove load; installing beam clamps, pad eyes, gallow s frames, and other supporting structures for rigging gear; controlling m ovem ent o f heavy equip ment through narrow blocks, chainfalls, and rollers; laying out lines, snubbing lines on cleats or bollards, or hauling in lines with capstans; installing or repairing ship’s rigging, such as mast or antenna rigs, and winch or windlass rigging; installing masts, booms, yardarms, and gaffs, working aloft as required; and rigging and hanging scaffolds and stages that require blocks and pulleys. Shipfitter Applies paint, varnish, lacquer, or other finishes to surfaces o f ship, for protective purposes primarily, with brush or spray gun. W ork is repetitive in character, requiring little or no selection o f color schem es or shading and matching o f colors, and the finishes are either standard in character or prepared by others. Lays out and fabricates metal structural parts, such as plates, bulkheads, and frames, and braces them in position within hull o f ship for riveting or welding. W o rk in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Laying out position o f parts on metal, working from blueprints or templates and using scribe and handtools; locating and marking reference lines, such as centerlines, buttock lines, and frame lines; positioning parts in hull o f ship, assisted by rigger; aligning parts in relation to each other, using jacks, tumbuckles, clips, w edges, and mauls; marking location o f holes to be drilled; and installing temporary fasteners to hold part in place for w elding or riveting; installing packing, gaskets, liners, and structural acces sories and members, such as doors, hatches, brackets, and clips. M ay prepare molds and templates for fabrica tion to nonstandard parts. May tack w eld clips and brackets in place prior to permanent welding. May roll, bend, flange, cut, and shape plates, beams, and other heavy metal parts, using shop machinery such as plate rolls, presses, bending brakes, and jo g g le machines. Power-shear operator Shipwright Painter (Ship carpenter) Operates one or more types o f pow er shears to cut metal sheets, plates, bars, rods, and other metal shapes to size or length. W o rk in volves m o st o f th e following-. Setting-up and operating power-shear equipment, set ting stop gauges, aligning material and performing shearing operations on machine; shearing large or Constructs or repairs ships, follow ing blueprints or ship’s plans. W o rk in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Sight ing, plotting, and marking reference points and lines on building dock or w ay to maintain alinement o f vessel during construction or repair, using transit, plumb bob, 29 to the type o f equipment used as gas-shielded arc w elding machine operator, submerged arc w elding machine operator, or gas w elding machine operator. tapes, and levels; building keel and bilge blocks, cradles, and shoring for supporting ships in drydock, using pow er and hand w oodw orking tools; positioning and securing blocking and other structures on dock platform, according to ship’s blueprints; alining vessel over blocks; establishing reference points and lines on ship’s hull for locating machinery and other equipment, in accordance w ith ship’s alinement and shape; fabrica ting and installing furring pieces, aprons, uprights, and other w ood framing in ship; shaping, finishing, and installing w ooden spars, masts, and cargo booms; trimming w ooden frames and other timbers, using broadax and adz; and spiking or bolting metal fittings, plates, and bulkheads to w ood en parts o f ship, using brace and bits, augers, mauls, and wrenches. Welder, machine (resistance) (Butt welder; flash welder; seam welder; spot welder) Operates one or more types o f resistance welding apparatus to w eld (bond) together metal objects such as bars, pipes, and plates. Resistance w elding is a process wherein an electric current is passed through the parts to be w elded at the point o f contact, and mechanical pressure is applied forcing the contact surfaces together at the points to be joined. W elding machines are generally designed according to type o f w eld perform ed and arrangement o f w elding surfaces o f parts to be joined. W elds may be made on overlapping units in the form o f one or more spots (spot w elding) or lineally by using a rolling electrode (seam welding). Machine w elding o f units where the edges are brought together without lapping is referred to as butt welding. Welder, hand Fuses (w elds) metal objects by means o f an oxyacetylene torch or arc welding apparatus in the fabrication o f metal shapes and in repairing broken or cracked metal objects. In addition to performing hand w elding or brazing operation, the w elder may also lay out guide lines or marks on metal parts and may cut metal with cutting torch. C la ss A . Performs w elding operations requiring m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from drawings, blueprints, or other written specifications; know ledge o f w elding properties o f a variety o f metals and alloys; setting up work and determining operation sequence; w elding high pressure vessels or other objects involving critical safety and load requirements; working from a variety o f positions. C la ss B. Performs w elding operations on repetitive work, w here no critical safety and load require ments are involved; where the work calls mainly for one-position welding; and where the layout and planning o f the work are performed by others. C la ss A. W ork in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : W orking from layout or other specifications; know ledge o f w elding properties o f a variety o f metals and alloys; selecting and setting-up w ork holding fixtures and electrodes; determination o f proper pressures, temperatures, timing, and flow o f current; determination o f number and spacing o f welds; positioning and w elding units with or without fixtures; using such handtools as ham mers, pliers, files, and wrenches. C la ss B. W ork in volves: Performing repetitive w elding operations on standard units where cur rent settings and electrodes are prescribed or set by others ; using fixtures for positioning work or positioning by hand small parts requiring simple w elding operations. Maintenance Welder, machine (arc or gas) Carpenter, maintenance (W elding machine operator) Operates one or more types o f arc or gas automatic w elding machines designed to w eld metal joints w ith out manual manipulation o f the w elding electrode or torch. W ork in volves : Clamping work pieces onto machine; positioning electrode or torch over w eld line at specified angle; treading filler wire from reel through feed rolls; filling hopper w ith flux; turning control knobs to synchronize m ovem ent o f electrode or torch and feed o f filler wire, and flux w ith speed o f w elding action; setting limit sw itch w hich automatically stops machine at end o f weld; starting machine and observing w elding action. Workers may be designated according Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building w oodw ork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, parti tions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made o f w ood in an establishment. W o rk in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instruction; using a variety o f carpenter’s handtools, portable pow er tools, and standard measuring instruments; mak ing standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In 30 general, the work o f the maintenance carpenter re quires rounded training and experience usually acquir ed through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Electricians, maintenance Performs a variety o f electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair o f equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. W o rk involves m o st o f th e follow ing-. Installing or repairing any o f a variety o f electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboard, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heat ing units, conduit systems, or other transmission equip ment; working from blueprints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements o f wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety o f electrician’s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work o f the maintenance electrician re quires rounded training and experience usually acquir ed through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Helper, maintenance trades Assists one or more workers in the skilled mainte nance trades, by performing specific or general duties o f lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools, cleaning working area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools, performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind o f work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In som e trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. Machinist, maintenance Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs o f metal parts o f mechanical equipment operat ed in an establishment. W ork in volves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions and specif ications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety o f machinist’s handtools and precision measur ing instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping o f metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; know ledge o f the working properties o f the com m on metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machin ist’s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and expe rience. Mechanic, maintenance Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. W o rk in volves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source o f trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in shaping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a replacement part by a machine shop or sending o f the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reas sembling machines; and making all necessary adjust ments for operation. In general, the work o f a mainte nance mechanic requires rounded training and expe rience usually acquired through a formal apprentice Machine-tool operator (toolroom) Specializes in operating one or more than one type o f machine tool (e.g., jig borer, grinding machine, engine lathe, milling machine) to machine metal for use in making or maintaining jigs, fixtures, cutting tools, gauges, or metal dies or m olds used in shaping or forming metal or nonm etallic material (e.g., plastic, plaster, rubber, glass). W ork ty p ic a lly in volves : Planning and performing difficult machining operations w hich require com plicated setups or a high degree o f accura cy; setting up machine tool or tools (e.g., install cutting tools and adjust guides, stops, working tables, and other controls to handle the size o f stock to be machined; determine proper feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence or select those prescribed in drawings, blue prints, or layouts); using a variety o f precision measur ing instruments; making necessary adjustments during machining operation to achieve requisite dimensions to very close tolerances. M ay be required to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils, to recognize w hen tools need dressing, and to dress tools. In general, the work o f a machine-tool operator (toolroom ) at the skill level called for in this classification requires extensive know ledge o f machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through considerable on the job training and experience. 31 ship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers w hose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. equipment; making necessary shop computations relat ing to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heat treating o f metal parts during fabrica tion as w ell as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; .working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and tool room practice usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Millwright Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment w hen changes in the plant layout are required. W o rk in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifica tions; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to stresses, strength o f materials, and center o f gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equip ment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order pow er transmission equipment such as drives. Welder, maintenance Fuses (w eld) metal objects by means o f the various types o f w elding apparatus to repair broken or cracked metal objects. W o rk req u ires m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f work from drawings, blueprints, or other written specifications; know ledge o f w elding properties o f a variety o f metals and alloys; w elding high pressure vessels or other objects involv ing critical safety and load requirements; working from a variety o f positions. Pipefitter, maintenance Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types o f pipe and pipe fittings in an establishment. W o rk involves m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : Laying out o f work and measuring to locate position o f pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes o f pipe to correct lengths w ith chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machines; threading pipe w ith stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with cou plings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and sizes o f pipe required; making standard tests to determine w hether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work o f the maintenance pipefitter requires round ed training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. W orkers p r im a r ily e n g a g ed in in sta llin g a n d rep a irin g b u ild in g sa n ita tio n or h ea tin g sy ste m s Material movement and service Crane operator Operates various types o f cranes to hoist, m ove, and place materials, machines, and products about a ship yard. For w age study purposes, crane operators are classi fied by type o f crane as follows: E le c tric b rid g e (travelin g) cran e G a n try cra n e M o b ile (tru c k ) cra n e O th e r (in c lu d in g co m b in a tio n o f types) a re e x c lu d e d . Guard Tool and die maker Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In c lu d e s g u a rd s who a re sta tio n e d a t g a te a n d (D ie maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. W ork in volves m o st o f th e fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f work from models, blue prints, drawings, or other oral and written specifica tions; using a variety o f tool and die maker’s handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding o f the working properties o f com m on metals and alloys; setting up and operating o f machine tools and related ch ec k on id e n tity o f em p lo ye es a n d o th er p erso n s entering. Janitor, porter, or cleaner Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises o f an office, or other establishment. D u tie s in volve a co m b in a tion o f th e fo llo w in g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and 32 Power-truck operator polishing floors; rem oving chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, show ers, and restrooms. W orkers w h o sp ecia lize in w in d o w Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electricpowered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For w age study purposes, workers are classified by type o f power-truck as follows: Forklift operator Power-truck operator (other than forklift) washing are ex c lu d e d • Laborer, material handling Truckdrlver A worker em ployed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment w h o se d u tie s in vo lve on e o r m o re o f th e fo llo w in g : Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchan dise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand, truck, car, or wheelbarrow. L on gsh ore w orkers who lo a d and u n lo a d sh ips Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or work ers between various types o f establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. O ve r-th e -ro a d d rivers a re ex c lu d ed . a re ex clu d ed . 33 Industry Wages Studies The most recent reports providing occupational wage data for industries included in the Bureau’s program of industry wage surveys since 1960 are listed below. Copies are for sale from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, or from any of its regional sales offices, and from the regional offices of the Bureau of Labor Statistics shown on the inside back cover. Copies that are out of stock are available for reference purposes at leading public, college, or univer sity libraries, or at the Bureau’s Washington or regional offices. M anufacturin g M an ufacturin g— C o n tin u ed Basic Iron and Steel, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1839 Candy and Other Confectionery Products, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1939 Cigar Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1796 Cigarette Manufacturing, 1976, BLS Bulletin 1944 Corrugated and Solid Fiber Boxes, 1976. BLS. Bulletin 1921 Fabricated Structural Steel, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1935 Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1763 Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1803 Fluid Milk Industry, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1871 Footwear, 1975, BLS Bulletin 1946 Hosiery, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1863 Industrial Chemicals, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1768 Iron and Steel Foundries, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1894 Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1835 Machinery Manufacturing, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1929 Meat Products, 1974, BLS Bulletin 1896 Men’s and Boys’ Separate Trousers, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1906 Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Night wear, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1901 Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1976. BLS Bulletin 1962 Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1914 Motor Vehicles and Parts, 1973-74. BLS Bulletin 1912 Nonferrous Foundries, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1952 Paints and Varnishes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1739 Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1719 Petroleum Refining, 1976 BLS Bulletin 1948 Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1923 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1844 Shipbuilding and Repairing, 1976. BLS Bulletin 1968 Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1694 Structural Clay Products, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1942 Synthetic Fibers, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1740 Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1976. BLS Bulletin 1967 Textiles, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1945 Wages and Demographic Characteristics in Work Clothing Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1858 West Coast Sawmilling, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1704 Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1728 Women’s and Misses’ Dresses, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1908 Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1930 N on m a n u fa ctu rin g Appliance Repair Shops, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1936 Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1876 Banking, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1862 Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1583 Communications, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1954 Contract Cleaning Services, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1916 Contract Construction, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1911 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1797 Department Stores, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1869 Educational Institutions: Nonteaching Employees, 1968-69. BLS Bulletin 1671 Electric and Gas Utilities, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1834 Hospitals, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1949 Hotels and Motels, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1883 Laundry and Cleaning Services, 1968. BLS Bulletin 16451 Life Insurance, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1791 Metal Mining, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1820 Nursing Homes and Related Facilities 1976. BLS Bulletin 1964 Scheduled Airlines, 1975. BLS Bulletin 1951 Wages and Tips in Restaurants and Hotels 1970. BLS Bulletin 1712 1 Bulletin out of stock. ■fr U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1977 0 -2 4 4 -6 3 8 Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices Region IV 1371 Peachtree Street, NE. Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone: (404) 881-4418 Regions VII and VIII* 911 Walnut Street Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: (816)374-2481 Region II Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: (212) 399-5405 Region V 9th Floor Federal Office Building 230 S. Dearborn Street Chicago, III. 60604 Phone: (312) 353-1880 Regions IX and X** 450 Golden Gate Avenue Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: (415) 556-4678 Region III 3535 Market Street P.O. Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa. 19101 Phone: (215) 596-1154 Region VI Second Floor 555 Griffin Square Building Dallas, Tex. 75202 Phone: (214) 749-3516 Region I 1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: (617) 223-6761 ‘ Regions VII and VIII are serviced by Kansas City “ Regions IX and X are serviced by San Francisco U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor Third Class Mail Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 Lab-441
