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INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY FOOTWEAR I A p ril 1965 Bulletin No. 1503 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner X5 7 INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY FOOTWEAR April 1965 Bulletin No. 1503 June 1966 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D .C., 20 4 0 2 - Price 50 cents Preface This bulletin summarizes the results of a Bureau of Labor Statistics survey of wages and supplementary benefits in the footwear manufacturing industry in April 1965. Information is reported separately for major product branches in the industry. Separate releases were issued earlier, usually within a few months of the payroll period studied, for the following States and areas: Men's Goodyear-welt dress shoes Brockton, Mass. Wisconsin Women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes Maine Boston— Lynn, Mass. Haverhill, Mass. Lawrence— Lowell, Mass. Worcester, Mass. Southeastern New Hampshire New York, N. Y. Arkansas Missouri Los Angeles— Long Beach, Calif. Misses' and children's Goodyear-welt shoes Southeastern Pennsylvania Copies of these releases are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C. , 20212, or any of its regional offices. This study was conducted in the Bureau*s Division of Occupational Pay, Toivo P. Kanninen, Chief, under the general direction of L. R. Linsenmayer, Assistant Com missioner, Office of Wages and Industrial Relations. The analysis was prepared by George L. Stelluto, under the immediate supervision of L. Earl Lewis. Field work for the survey was directed by the Assistant Regional Direc tors for Wages and Industrial Relations. Other reports available from the Bureau’ s pro gram of industry wage studies, as well as the addresses of the Bureau’ s six regional offices, are listed at the end of this bulletin. lit Contents Page Summary______________________________________________________________________ Industry characteristics_______________________________________________________ Products____________________________________________________________________ Location____________________________________________________________________ Size of establishment_______________________________________________________ Unionization________________________________________________________________ Occupations and sex________________________________________________________ Method of wage payment____________________________________________________ Average hourly earnings_______________________________________________________ Occupational earnings_________________________________________________________ Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions__________________ Scheduled weekly hours_____________________________________________________ Paid holidays_______________________________________________________________ Paid vacations______________________________________________________________ Health, insurance, and pension plans_______________________________________ Nonproduction bonuses_____________________________________________________ 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 7 7 7 7 7 7 Tables: Average hourly earnings: 1. By selected characteristics— footwear industry_____________________ Earnings distribution: 2. Footwear industry___________________________________________________ 3. Men's Goodyear-welt dress shoes___________________________________ 4. Men's Goodyear-welt work shoes____________________________________ 5. Men's cement-process shoes________________________________________ 6. Women's cement-process (conventional-lasted)shoes________________ 7. Women's cement-process (slip-lasted) shoes_______________________ 8. Women's McKay (including Littleway) shoes_________________________ 9. M isses' and children's cement-process (conventionallasted) shoes_______________________________________________________ 10. M isses' and children's Goodyear-welt shoes------------------------------11. M isses', children's, and infants' stitchdown shoes----------------------12. Moccasin-constructed shoes with hand-sewn plug------------------------Occupational earnings: Men's Goodyear-welt dress shoes— 13. A ll establishments______________________________________________ 14. By size of establishment________________________________________ 15. By size of community___________________________________________ 16. By size of establishment and size of community--------------------17. Brockton, Mass__________________________________________________ 18. Wisconsin________________________________________________________ 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 13 14 15 16 16 17 19 20 21 23 25 Men's Goodyear-welt work shoes— 19. A ll establishments______________________________________________ 27 Men's cement-process shoes— 20. A ll establishments______________ • ---------------------------------------- 28 v Contents— Continued Page Tables— Continued Occupational earnings— Continued Women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes— 21. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 22. By size of establishment_________________________________________ 23. By size of community____________________________________________ 24. By size of establishmentand size of community__________________ 25. M aine____________________________________________________________ 26. Boston— Lynn, Mass______________________________________________ 27. Haverhill, M ass_________________________________________________ 28. Lawrence— Lowell, M ass_________________________________________ 29. Worcester, Mass_________________________________________________ 30. Southeastern New Hampshire____________________________________ 31. New York, N. Y __________________________________________________ 32. Arkansas_________________________________________________________ 33. M issouri_________________________________________________________ 34. Los Angeles— Long Beach, Calif__________________________________ 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 42 44 45 47 49 51 53 Women's cement-process (slip-lasted) shoes— 35. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 55 Women's McKay (including Littleway) shoes— 36. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 56 M isses' and children's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes— 37. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 57 M isses' and children's Goodyear-welt shoes— 38. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 39. Southeastern Pennsylvania_______________________________________ 58 59 M isses', children's, and infants' stitchdown shoes— 40. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 60 Moccasin-constructed shoes with hand-sewn plug— 41. A ll establishments_______________________________________________ 61 Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: 42. Method of wage payment.____________________________________________ 43. Scheduled weekly hours______________________________________________ 44. Paid holidays________________________________________________________ 45. Paid vacations_______________________________________________________ 46. Health, insurance, and pension plans_______________________________ 47. Nonproduction bonuses______________________________________________ 62 62 63 64 65 66 Appendixes: A. Scope and method of survey_____________________________________________ B. Occupational descriptions_______________________________________________ 67 71 vi Industry W age Survey Footwear, April 1965 Summary Straight-time earnings of production and related workers in the footwear manufacturing industry averaged $1.77 an hour in April 1965. Nearly a fifth of the 173,804 workers covered by the Bureau's survey1 had earnings at or within a few cents of the Federal minimum wage ($1.25), which applied under the Fair Labor Standards Act at the time of the study. Earnings of the remainder of the workers were widely dispersed, reflecting such characteristics of the in dustry as its wide distribution among sections of the country with differing pay levels, the wide range of worker skills utilized, and the extensive use made of piece rates as a method of wage payment. Workers in New England, accounting for nearly 35 percent of the indus try's employment, averaged $1.91 an hour, the same as workers in the Pacific region. Pay levels among other regions studied separately ranged from $1.83 in the Great Lakes to $ 1.58 in the Southwest. 2 Workers in plants prim arily engaged in manufacturing women's cementprocess (conventional-lasted) shoes accounted for slightly more than two-fifths of the industry's labor force and averaged $1.78 an hour. Average hourly earnings of workers in the other nine product branches studied separately ranged from $ 1.94 to $ 1. 57. Earnings data were also tabulated by size of community, size of establishment, and for selected representative occupations. A large majority of the workers had weekly work schedules of 40 hours, and were employed in plants providing at least six paid holidays, paid vacations, and various types of health and insurance benefits. Industry Characteristics Footwear manufacturing plants within the survey scope employed nearly 174, 000 production workers in April 1965— a decline of about 5 percent since a similar study conducted in April 1962. 3 While the domestic production of shoes (except slippers and rubber footwear) declined from 543 million pairs in 1962 to 519 million pairs in 1963, it had increased to 542 million pairs in 1965.4 Output per man-hour for production workers in the industry increased by nearly 3 percent between 1962 and 1964, the latest date for which information is available.5 Substitute products (notably rubber-canvas footwear) and imported shoes are among the competitors of domestically produced leather footwear. The See appendix A for scope and method o f survey. Earnings data in this bulletin exclude overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. prem ium pay for See table in appendix A for definition o f regions. For an account Bulletin 1360 (1963). 4 Censu^ Current Industrial o f the Bureau's e arlie r study, Industry W a g e Survey: Footwear, Reports, Shoes and Slippers, Series M 31A (64)-13 and M 3 1 A (6 5 )-1 2 , See "Output Per M an-H our: Footwear Industry," Monthly Labor R e v ie w , A p ril study covers establishments prim arily engaged footwear. see U . S. 1966, pp. in manufacturing footw ear including slippers, A p ril 1962, BLS Bureau o f the 401— 404. This but excluding rubber 2 domestic production of shoes and slippers with soles vulcanized to fabric uppers increased from 162 to 166 million pairs between 1964 and 1965. 6 Shoe imports (except slippers and rubber footwear) increased from about 20 million pairs in 1962 to 30 million pairs in 1964 and reached approximately 7 5 million pairs in 1965.7 Products. The industry makes a wide variety of shoes in many different combinations of sizes, styles, and shapes and by several different methods of construction. 8 Data in this report are tabulated separately for 10 product branches, together accounting for over nine-tenths of the industry1s labor force. Classification of establishments by product branches was based on the predominant method of construction (bottoming, i. e. , the means by which the outsole is attached to the remainder of the shoe) and type of shoe manufactured— men's (dress and work), women’ s, m isses', children's, and infants'. Plants prim arily engaged in manufacturing women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes accounted for slightly more than two-fifths of the industry's production workers; another fifth were in plants prim arily making men's Goodyear-welt dress shoes. Plants making misses' and children's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes, accounting for about 6 percent of the industry's work force, had the highest employment level among the other eight product branches studied separately. Location. Three of the nine regions studied in this survey together accounted for seven-tenths of the work force: New England, one-third; Middle Atlantic, one-fifth; and Great Lakes, one-sixth. The regional mix varied sub stantially among the product branches. New England, for example, accounted for 75 percent of the employment in plants prim arily manufacturing moccasinconstructed (hand-sewn plug) shoes, compared with only 2 percent of the workers in plants making m isses', children's, and infants' stitchdown shoes. Slightly more than four-tenths of the workers in plants making women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes and three-tenths of those making men's Goodyear-welt dress shoes, were in New England. Metropolitan areas 9 contained slightly more than two-fifths of the labor force. The proportions ranged from about an eighth in the Southwest to nine-tenths in the Pacific region and, in the three major regions, amounted to a third in the Great Lakes, half in New England, and four-fifths in the Middle Atlantic. The proportions also differed by industry branch, as indicated below: Percent o f workers in metropolitan areas M en's G ood y ea r-w e lt dress shoes---------------------------------------------------M en's G ood y ear-w elt work shoes---------------------------------------------------M en's cem ent-process shoes-----------------------------------------------------------W om en's cement-process (con vention al-lasted) shoes-----------------W om en 's cement-process (slip -lasted ) shoes--------------------------------W om en's M cK ay (including Littlew ay) shoes--------------------------------- 46 21 27 47 47 21 Misses' and children's cement-process (con vention al-lasted) shoes---------------------------------------------------------Misses' and children's G ood y ear-w elt shoes----------------------------------- 38 42 M isses', children's, and infants' stitchdown sh o e s-----------------------M occasin-constructed shoes with hand-sewn plug-------------------------- 18 45 7 U . S. Bureau of the Census, op. c i t . , did not provide inform ation on rubber footw ear prior to 1964. Source: U . S. Departm ent o f Com m erce. 8 For descriptions o f the various shoe construction methods, see H ow A m e ric a n Shoes A re M a d e , U nited Shoe M achinery Corporation, Boston, M a s s ., 1961 or Footwear Construction D efinitions, Association, I n c ., N ew York , N . Y . , 1963. Standard M etropolitan Statistical Areas, as defined by the U . S. N ational Shoe Bureau of the Budget in 1961. Manufacturers 3 Size of Establishment. Plants employing 250 workers or more accounted for nearly four-fifths of the work force; three-fifths in the Middle Atlantic region, about three-fourths in New England, and nearly seven-eighths in the Great Lakes. The proportions of workers in larger establishments, as well as the median plant employment size, also varied by industry branch: Percent o f workers in establishments with 250 workers or more M en's G o o d y ea r-w e lt dress shoes--------------------------------M en's G o o d y ea r-w e lt work shoes--------------------------------M en's cem ent-process shoes----------------------------------------W om en's cement-process (con vention al-lasted) shoes W om en's cement-process (slip -lasted ) shoes-------------W om en's M cK ay (including Littlew ay) shoes-------------Misses' and children's cem ent-process (con vention al-lasted) shoes--------------------------------------Misses' and children's G ood y ea r-w e lt shoes---------------M isses', children's, and infants' stitchdown sh o e s----M occasin-constructed shoes with hand-sewn plug------- M edian plant em ploym ent size 92 77 85 84 43 69 71 71 48 86 317 256 306 308 204 200 292 249 172 292 Unionization. Establishments with labor-management contracts covering a majority of their production workers accounted for slightly more than half of the industry's labor force. The proportions were about two-fifths in the Border States and Southwest, nearly half in New England and the Middle Atlantic, approxi mately seven-tenths in the Great Lakes and Middle West, and a little over three-fourths in the Pacific. The major unions in the industry are the United Shoe Workers of America and the Boot and Shoe Workers Union. The extent of labor-management contract coverage varied by product branch, with the pro portions of workers in union establishments amounting to a tenth in women's McKay shoe plants; nearly two-fifths in misses', children's, and infants' stitch down shoes; approximately half in six branches; and about two-thirds in both men's Goodyear-welt dress shoe plants and misses' and children's Goodyear-welt shoe plants. Occupations and Sex. Shoemaking includes the assembly of many sepa rate parts through a series of carefully controlled hand and machine operations. The types of occupations found in shoe factories vary from those requiring rela tively short training periods, e. g. , floor boys and girls, to highly skilled jobs such as vamp and whole shoe cutters. The industry employs a large number of workers to operate the various machines used in cutting, sewing, lasting, and bottoming operations. Women, accounting for nearly three-fifths of the labor force, are com monly employed in fitting and stitching operations. Men, on the other hand, are predominant in cutting, lasting, and bottoming jobs, as well as in plant main tenance work. Method of Wage Payment. Incentive systems of wage payment, mostly based on individual piecework, applied to seven-tenths of the production workers (table 42). The proportions of incentive workers among the regions ranged from nearly half in the Pacific to about four-fifths in the Border States, Great Lakes, and Middle West. Among the industry branches, incentive workers comprised between three- and four-fifths of the employment. A majority of the workers in nearly all of the jobs selected for separate study were paid incentive rates; occupations which were usually time-rated included floor boys and girls, inspec tors (crowners), janitors, and maintenance mechanics. Tim e-rate systems in the industry were for the most, part informal, the rates being determined pri marily in relation to the qualifications of the individual employees. 4 Average Hourly Earnings Straight-time earnings of the 173, 804 production workers covered by the survey averaged $ 1.77 an hour in April 1965 (table l ) . 1 This was an increase 0 of 8 percent above the average recorded in April 1962 ($1.64). 1 1 Comprising nearly three-fifths of the workers covered by the survey, women averaged $ 1.60 an hour in April 1965. The average for men was $2.02. Differences in average pay levels for men and women may be the result of several factors, including variations in the distribution of the sexes among establishments and, as pointed out in the discussion of industry characteristics, among jobs with disparate pay levels. Differences noted in averages for men and women in the same job and area may also reflect minor differences in duties. Job descriptions used in classifying workers in wage surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments because allowance must be made for possible minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. Also, earnings for many jobs in the industry are largely determined by production at piece rates. Variation in incentive earnings for individuals or sex groupings may be traceable to differences in work experience, work flow, or other factors which the worker may or may not control. Regionally, average hourly earnings were highest in New England and the Pacific region ($1.91 in both) and lowest in the Border States and Southwest region ($1.59 and $1.58, respectively). Workers in the Great Lakes region averaged $ 1.83 an hour, compared with $1.70 for workers in the Middle Atlantic region and $1.67 for those in the Middle West. Regional variations in pay levels were only partly due to differences in the product mix. Other factors, including the general differences in pay among regions, appear to be more important. Nearly a fifth of the workers earned $ 1.25 but less than $ 1. 30 an hour (table 2). Except for this clustering at or near the Federal minimum wage ($1.25), individual earnings were widely dispersed, with the middle half of the workers earning between $1.35 and $2. 03. The proportions of workers earning $1.25 and under $1.30 ranged from 2 percent in the Pacific to 32 percent in the Southwest. Among the 10 product branches for which separate data were tabulated, production workers' averages ranged from $1.94 in plants primarily manufac turing moccasin-constructed shoes (with hand-sewn plug) to $ 1. 57 for those making misses', children's, and infants' stitchdown shoes. These products, however, accounted for only 3, 323 and 4,440 workers, respectively. Workers in plants prim arily making women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes averaged $1.78. In this numerically largest product-branch, regional averages ranged from $1.92 in the Pacific and $1.88 in New England to about $1.55 in both the Border States and Southwest. As pointed out in the discussion of in dustry characteristics, the regional mix, as well as other characteristics that have a bearing on wages (e. g. , establishment size), varied substantially among the product branches. The straight-tim e hourly earnings (exclu ding prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts) presented in this bulletin are not com parable with the gross average hourly earnings published in the Bureau’ s monthly hours and earnings series. The monthly series provides com bined data for plants prim arily manufacturing footwear (excep t rubber) designed for street, work, p lay, or sportswear, and for plants making houseslippers as a primary product, whereas the latter group o f plants were not covered by this survey. The estimates o f the number o f workers within scope of the survey are intended only as a general guide to the size and composition o f the labo r force in footwear plants covered by the survey. 11 BLS Bulletin 1360, op. cit. 5 Earnings relationships among the various product branches differed byregion. Averages for the men's Goodyear-welt dress shoe branch, for example, exceeded those in the women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoe branch by 16 cents an hour in New England and 19 cents in the Great Lakes; this relationship was reversed in the Middle West, where workers in the women's branch averaged 5 cents more than tho*se in the men's branch. In the Middle West, metropolitan areas (where earnings levels were higher than in smaller communities) accounted for a third of the work force in women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoe plants but for only a very small proportion of the workers in men's Goodyear-welt dress shoe plants. Missouri accounted for nearly all of the employment in both industry branches in that region. Among the areas and States for which separate data were tabulated, average h o u r ly earnings ranged from $1.53 in women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoe plants in Arkansas to $ 2. 45 in the same product branch in the New York area (see individual area tables). Earnings levels varied for the four production centers in this branch in Massachusetts: $ 1.85 in Lawrence— Lowell, $1.96 in Boston— Lynn, $2.02 in Worcester, and $2.04 in Haverhill. Workers in establishments with 250 workers or more averaged $ 1.78 an hour, 4 cents more than workers in smaller plants. This relationship held in all but one of the regions permitting comparisons, with average wage advantages ranging from 5 to 15 cents an hour. In the Middle Atlantic region, workers in plants with less than 250 workers averaged 9 cents more than those in larger establishments, $1.76 compared with $1.67. This is partly explained by the heavier concentration of small than of large plants in the relatively high-wage New York area. Workers in establishments in metropolitan areas averaged $ 1. 86 an hour, compared with $1.71 for workers in smaller communities. Metropolitan area averages were higher than those for nonmetropolitan areas in each of the regions where comparison was possible, ranging from 3 to 18 cents an hour. It is not possible in a study of this type to isolate the influence on wage levels of any one of the characteristics described above because of their inter relationship. Some examples of this interrelationship have been included in the discussion of industry characteristics. Moreover, other characteristics, such as extent of unionization and method of wage payment, may also affect wage levels. Occupational Earnings Average hourly earnings of workers in selected occupations for 10 pro duct branches are presented in tables 13 through 41; with the jobs arranged in the sequence of major shoemaking operations. Occupations were chosen prim arily to represent wage levels for the types of skills and manufacturing operations in the industry. Cutting shoe uppers and linings— first of the major operations— is usually performed on clicker machines, although some hand cutting is done. Average hourly earnings for vamp and whole shoe machine cutters ranged from $2. 73 an hour in misses' and children's Goodyear-welt plants to $1.71 in plants making m isses', children's, and infants' stitchdown shoes. In the latter product branch, nearly three-fifths of the vamp and whole shoe machine cutters were women, whereas men accounted for a large majority of the workers in the job in nearly all other product branches. 6 Fitting operations, which are typically performed by women, involve assembling and stitching upper parts and linings to make complete shoe uppers. Fancy stitchers (who sew decorative designs on shoe uppers) were numerically most important of the selected jobs and had average earnings ranging from $ 1.82 to $1.48 among the product branches. Pasters, backers, and fitters— another numerically important job category— usually averaged between 7 and 22 cents an hour less than fancy stitchers. Lasting operations, generally performed by men, include drawing the completed uppers over the last (a footlike form) and attaching the insole. Machine assemblers for pullover had averages ranging from $1.65 to $2.26 among the branches for which data could be shown. Where comparison was possible, pullover-machine operators usually averaged between 38 and 48 cents an hour more than machine assemblers for pullover. Average earnings for side lasters and toe lasters ranged from $1.94 to $2.52 and from $2.02 to $2.51, respec tively, among the product branches. As pointed out previously, bottoming methods differ by type of shoe construction. Goodyear stitchers in men's Goodyear-welt dress shoe plants averaged $ 2. 32 an hour, 9 cents more than their counterparts in both the men's Goodyear-welt work shoe and misses' and children's Goodyear-welt shoe branches. Sole attachers in plants making women's cement-process shoes aver aged $2.31 in the conventional-lasted branch and $ 2. 15 in the slip-lasted branch, compared with $2.04 in plants making misses' and children's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes. Among the few occupations for which data are presented for both sexes, men usually had higher average earnings than women. This appears to result as much from differences in the distribution of the sexes among establishments with dissimilar pay levels, as from variations in earnings between men and women in the same establishment. For example, among plants manufacturing women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes in Missouri, men employed as vamp and whole shoe machine cutters averaged 24 cents an hour more than women in this job (table 33). Of the 26 plants visited, however, only 11 employed both men and women in the job, and in 8 of these women had higher average earnings than men. Occupational averages are presented by size of establishment (tables 14 and 22) and size of community (tables 15 and 23) for the two major prod uct branches, men's Goodyear-welt dress shoes and women's cement-process (conventional-lasted) shoes. While occupation averages were usually higher in metropolitan areas than in nonmetropolitan areas, there seemed to be a lack of any consistent pattern of job averages by size of establishment. In the men* s Goodyear-welt dress shoe plants, occupational averages in plants with 250 workers or more were usually higher than in smaller plants in both regions for which com parisons were possible (New England and Great Lakes); this relationship was reversed, however, on a nationwide basis. The nationwide anomaly can be partly explained by a disproportionate distribution of employment in the two establishment-size categories among regions with different pay levels. For example, New England and the Great Lakes— two of the relatively high pay ing regions— accounted for nearly seven-eighths of the employment in men's Goodyear-welt dress shoe plants with fewer than 250 workers compared with slightly more than half of the employment in larger plants. Occupational averages are presented for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas by size of establish ment in tables 16 and 24. Earnings of individuals performing similar tasks also varied within the same establishment, particularly for jobs typically paid under incentive wage systems. In many instances, the highest paid worker earned over 50 cents an hour more than the lowest paid worker in the same job and establishment. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Data were also obtained for production workers on certain establishment practices, including work schedules, and selected supplementary wage benefits such as paid holidays, paid vacations, and health, insurance, and pension plans. Scheduled Weekly Hours. Work schedules of 40 hours a week were in effect in plants accounting for nine-tenths of the production workers (table 43). The 40-hour schedule was predominant in each of the locations and product branches for which data were tabulated separately. In the Southeastern Pennsyl vania area, however, nearly half of the workers in plants making misses1 and children's Goodyear-welt shoes had work schedules of 44 hours a week. Paid Holidays. Paid holidays were provided by establishments employ ing nearly all production workers (table 44). The most common provisions for paid holidays were 5 or 6 annually in the Middle Atlantic region, 6 in the Border States, and 8 in all other regions. Paid holidays typically granted in the industry were New Year's Day, Memorial Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day; other holidays frequently reported included Good Friday, Inde pendence Day (Fourth of July), Veterans Day, and Christmas Eve. In some in stances, the paid holidays granted conformed to local practices. For example, Patriot's Day (April 19), commonly observed in New England, was granted to over nine-tenths of the workers in men's Goodyear-welt dress shoe plants in Brockton, Mass. Paid Vacations. Paid vacations, after qualifying periods of service, were provided by plants accounting for virtually all production workers (table 45). Typical vacation provisions in each of the selected regions were 1 week of vaca tion pay after 1 year of service and 2 weeks after 5 years. About three-tenths of the industry's workers were in plants providing 3 weeks' paid vacation after 15 years of service; such provisions were most frequently reported in the Great Lakes and Middle West regions, applying to about seven-tenths and eight-tenths of the workers, respectively. In the Border States, three-fourths of the workers were in plants granting 3 weeks' paid vacation after 25 years of service. Four-week paid vacation provisions were rarely found in the industry. Health. Insurance, and Pension Plans. Life, hospitalization, and sur gical insurance, for which employers paid at least part of the cost, were provided by plants employing more than four-fifths of the production workers (table 46). Sickness and accident and medical insurance was available to three-fifths of the workers; accidental death and dismemberment insurance, to approximately a third; and catastrophe insurance, to less than a tenth. The proportions of workers provided the benefits mentioned above varied among the selected regions. To illustrate, the proportions of workers in plants providing medical insurance ranged from two-fifths in the Middle Atlantic region to over nine-tenths in the Middle West. Retirement pension plans, providing regular payments for the remainder of the retiree's life (other than benefits available under Federal social security), were in effect in plants employing slightly more than two-fifths of the labor force. The proportion of workers covered by such plans, which were entirely financed by employers, were two-thirds or more in three regions, slightly more than two-fifths in the Border States and Southwest, three-tenths in New England, and nearly a sixth in the Middle Atlantic. Nonproduction Bonuses. Nonproduction bonuses, usually Christmas or year end (but most commonly profit-sharing plans in the Great Lakes region), were provided by plants accounting for a fourth of the industry's work force (table 47). The proportions ranged from half in the Middle Atlantic to a tenth or less in three regions. Table 1. Average Hourly Earnings: By Selected Characteristics— Footwear Industry 0 0 (Num ber and a verage straight-tim e hourly earnings1 of production w orkers in footwear manufacturing establishments by selected ch aracteristics, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States2 New England Middle Atlantic B order ( tates S Southwest G reat Lakes M iddle W est P a c ific Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verag e Number A verage •Number A verage Number A verag e Number A verage of hourly hourly hourly of of of hourly of hourly hourly of hourly of of hourly w orkers earnings w orkers earnings .workers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings C h aracteristic A ll w orkers W om en. _ _ M en ____ __ _ __ __ _. _ Predom inant type o f shoe:3 M en 's Goody e a r-w e lt dress sh oes__________ M en's G oodyear-w elt w ork sh oes._______ ___ M en 's cem en t-p rocess shoes________________ W om en's cem en t-process (conventional-lasted) sh oe s._______________ W om en's cem en t-process (slip -la sted ) shoes_________________________ _ W om en's M cK ay (including L it t le w a y ) s h o e s . _ __ M iss es' and ch ildren's cem en t-process (conventional-lasted) sh oes________________ M is s e s ' and ch ildren's G oodyear-w elt shoes _______________________ M is s e s ', ch ild ren 's, and infant's stitchdown shoes ____ ____________________ __ Moccasin-constructed shoes with hand-sewn plug_________ _____ ________ ______ 173,804 103,207 70,597 $1. 77 1. 60 2.02 60,400 34,551 25,849 $1.91 1. 68 2. 21 33,404 18,712 14,692 30,958 7,499 7, 208 1. 86 1.71 1.75 9,831 1,679 3,526 2. 04 1.80 1.80 - 74,922 1. 78 31,888 1.88 13,691 5,406 1.67 - 8, 335 1.71 4,683 1.76 10,096 1.70 2,076 1. 80 8, 207 1. 88 - $1.70 1. 52 1.94 . - 6,692 4,474 2,218 - 1.76 3,834 2,514 1. 64 - 987 . 8,077 5, 600 2,477 . - 1,785 1.69 1.61 1.69 - - 1,692 1. 55 2,480 - 1,826 26,978 17, 240 9,738 $1.83 1. 66 2. 14 19,213 11,935 7,278 $1.67 1. 57 1.85 1,435 744 691 _ - 7,828 2, 113 2,448 1.97 1.82 1.84 2,472 1.65 _ - 9,403 1. 78 9,566 - - - - 1. 53 - 1.64 - - 1.70 - - 1, 133 - 1, 179 1. 57 2,085 1.69 $1.91 1. 68 2. 16 _ _ - 1.90 1, 155 1. 70 - " - - - ~ - - - - - 1.92 - - 970 - - 4,440 1.57 - 3, 323 1.94 2,478 1.96 - 50—249 w o r k e r s 38, 320 250 w orkers o r m o r e _____________________ ___ 135,484 1. 74 1.78 13,521 46,879 1. 83 1.93 12,913 20,491 1. 76 1.67 1,006 5,686 l . 54 1.59 1,064 7,013 1. 86 1.71 32, 373 28,027 1.98 1.83 26,981 6,423 1. 73 1.61 1,642 5,050 1. 61 1. 58 7, 015 - $1. 58 1. 53 1. 70 1. 68 2, 124 - $1.59 1. 51 1.73 Size o f establishment: Size o f community: M etropolitan areas 4 ____________ ____________ Nonm etropolitan areas _ _ _ _ ____ 76,721 97,083 - 1. 45 1. 60 - 1. 58 3,953 23,025 1. 73 1. 85 1,828 17, 385 1. 54 1.69 1,435 1.91 8,733 18,245 1.95 1.77 3,520 15,693 1. 79 1.65 1, 290 1. 89 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. For definition o f regions and areas used in this and subsequent tables, see table in appendix A and individual area tables. 3 Establishments w ere cla ssified on the basis of the m ajor types o f shoes produced during the preceding year. The a ll-w ork ers total above includes data for establishments producing other types o f shoes in addition to those shown separately. 4 The term "m etropolitan area, " as used in this study, re fe rs to Standard Metropolitan Statistical A reas as defined by the U. S. Bureau o f the Budget in 1961. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not meet publication crite ria . Tabic 2. Earnings Distribution: Footwear Industry (P ercen t distribution of production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly ea rn in gs,1 United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 2 A vera g e hourly earn in gs1 Total Women Men New England Middle Atlantic 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 18. 5 6.4 6.7 5.4 4. 7 23. 0 7. 8 8. 2 6.5 5.8 11.9 4.4 4. 6 3.7 3. 0 15. 3 5. 7 6.6 4. 8 3.8 21. 1 7. 5 7. 5 5. 8 4.9 60___________________________ 70___________________________ 80____________________ ____ 90 ____ _____________________ _ 00___________________________ 8.7 7.4 6. 2 5.2 4.5 9.9 8.6 6.4 5. 0 4. 3 7. 0 5.7 5.8 5.4 4.7 8. 3 6.6 5.5 4. 6 4. 2 under under under under under $2. 10________________ ..._____ __ $2. 20___________________________ $2. 30___________________________ $2. 40 _______________ ___ __ __ . $2. 50_________ ___ _____ 4. 3 3.5 3. 0 2.4 2.0 3.4 2.6 2. 1 1. 5 1. 1 5.6 4.9 4. 2 3. 7 3. 2 under under under under under $2. 60____ _____________ _________ $2. 70___________________________ $2.80___________________________ $2. 90 ______ __________ $3. 00________________________ __ 2.0 1.5 1. 2 1. 0 .8 .9 .7 .4 .4 .2 3.5 2.7 2.4 2. 0 1. 7 Under $1. 25______________________________________ $1. 25 $1. 30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 and and and and and under under under under under $1. 30___________________________ $1. 35___________________________ $1. 40_________ ___________ _____ $ 1. 45___________________________ $1. 50___________________________ $1. 50 $1. 60 $1.70 $1. 80 $1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $1. $1. $1. $1. $2. $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 and and and and and $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 and and and and and $3. 00 and o v e r____ ___________________________ ___ Total_______________________________________ Number o f w orkers __________ _________ _ ______________ ____ ____ A vera g e hourly earn in gs1 Border States 0. 3 Southwest Great Lakes M iddle West P a cific 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 8 0 6 2 2 31. 8 5.7 8. 1 6. 0 5. 2 12.7 3.7 5. 3 5.4 5. 7 19. 3 6.7 7. 3 5. 8 5.4 2. 3 8.9 7.7 5. 2 4. 7 9.3 6. 7 6. 1 4.6 4. 1 8. 3 8.4 6.0 6.9 3.9 7. 8 8. 0 5.7 4.7 3.4 9.4 8. 3 6. 8 6. 3 5.7 9.2 8. 5 6. 8 6. 3 5.4 8.8 7.8 9.0 5. 6 4. 8 4.6 3.6 3. 3 2. 8 2. 5 4. 0 3. 1 2.7 1.9 1.6 2. 8 2.9 1. 8 1. 5 1. 1 3. 3 1. 8 1.6 2.4 1. 2 5. 0 4.6 3.6 3. 1 2.5 4. 0 3. 3 2.7 1.9 1.6 5. 2 3. 6 4. 2 3.4 2. 1 2. 6 1.9 2. 0 1. 5 1.4 1.7 1.4 .8 .9 .6 .9 .6 .6 .4 .3 1. 3 .4 .5 .5 .1 2. 5 1.9 1. 6 1. 3 1. 0 1.4 .8 .7 .5 .4 3. 1 2. 1 1. 5 2. 2 1.4 25. 10. 7. 5. 4. 4. 5 .8 9.9 8.4 3. 6 .4 .4 3. 7 1. 6 6. 3 100.0 100. 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 100.0 100. 0 173,804 $1.77 103, 207 $1.60 70,597 $2.02 60,400 $1.91 33,404 $1. 70 6,692 $1.59 8,077 $1. 58 26,978 $1. 83 19,213 $1. 67 1,435 $1.91 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Because o f rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. < 0 Table 3. Earnings Distribution: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes Table 4. Earnings Distribution: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Work Shoes (P ercen t distribution o f production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United St ate s 2 A vera g e hourly earnings 1 Total Women Men New England Great Lakes United States 2 Middle West A verage hourly earnings 1 Total _ _ •*«> _________ — 4045__________ 50- - - 9. 2 7. 0 6.6 7. 3 4.9 11.9 2.9 5.6 5.6 8. 5 $1. $1. $1. $1. $2. An 70__________ r__ ftp_______ .____ 9o_______ _____ 00- - 8.3 7.7 6.4 5.8 5.2 10. 7. 7. 5. 4. 2 0 1 1 7 6. 2 8. 5 5.7 6. 6 5.8 10.4 6. 2 7.4 6.9 5. 5 10.6 8.7 5.7 6.3 4.6 and under and under smd under and under and under $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. 10— — —— __ 20— _I~I 3040................. 50..................- 4.8 3.9 2. 5 1.9 2. 1 3. 2 2. 4 1. 6 1. 2 1. 1 6. 5 5. 5 3.4 2.8 3. 1 6. 0 3. 5 2.9 2.4 2.9 4.3 5. 5 2.6 2.4 2.7 and and and and and $2. $2. $2. $2. $3. 60__ — __ ___ 70___________ — 80.................... 90—___________ 00---------------- 1.9 1. 2 1. 3 .7 .8 4 5 3 3 3 3.7 2.0 2. 3 1. 1 1.4 3. 3 1. 5 1.9 .7 1. 0 1.9 1.6 2.3 1.2 1. 2 - - 14.2 5.8 5.7 5. 1 4.8 17.7 6.9 7. 5 6.7 5.9 10. 1 4.4 3.7 3.2 3.6 11.6 3.9 5.3 4.8 3.5 7.6 2.7 4.1 4.4 6.4 18.3 3.6 7.6 6.3 6.3 $ 1. 25 $ 1. 30 $ 1.35 $ 1.40 $ 1,45 and and and and and under under under under under $1. $1. $1. $1. $1. $ 1. 50 $ 1.60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 sind under and under and under and under and under $ 1.60_____________ $ 1.70_____________ $ 1.80---$ 1.90 $ 2. 00— 8. 3 7. 5 6.3 5. 5 5.3 9.5 9.4 7. 2 5.6 5. 5 6.9 5.4 5.2 5.4 5. 1 7.8 6.0 5.7 4.7 5.4 7.7 7.9 6.8 6.7 5.9 11.0 11. 2 6.4 7.4 7. 0 $ $ $ $ $ and and and and and under under under under under $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. 00 10 20 30 40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2. 10— ---$ 2. 20---$ 2. 30_____________ $ 2. 40_____________ $ 2. 50- — ---- 4. 5 4.4 3. 5 2.7 2. 3 3. 5 2.7 2. 8 2. 1 1.6 5.7 6.3 4.3 3. 5 3. 1 4.8 4.0 4.0 2.9 2.9 4.6 5.0 4.3 3.7 3. 1 4.3 2. 1 2.0 2. 2 1. 1 $ 2. 00 $2.10 $ 2. 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 40 $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. 50 60 70 80 90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2. 60_________— $ 2. 70.____ — ___ $ 2. 80_____ $ 2. 90- ---- — $ 3. 00----------------- 2. 2 1.8 1. 5 1.2 1.0 1. 5 .9 .6 .5 .1 3. 1 2.8 2. 5 2.2 2.0 2.4 1.9 2. 1 1.8 1.8 3.7 2. 5 2. 6 2. 0 1.4 1. 5 .2 .6 .1 - $ 2. 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 $ 2. 90 6. 1 1.4 11.6 12.3 6.8 .7 100. 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 30,958 $ 1. 86 16,667 $ 1.67 14,291 $2.07 9,831 $2.04 7, 828 $1.97 2,472 $1.65 Under $1.25----- under under under under under (*> 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: ( 3) Number o f w orkers_________________ Average hourly earnings — . - 2. 2 4 4. 2 2. 5 4. 0 100.0 $ 3. 00 and over 100.0 Number o f w orkers___— A verag e hourly earnings 1—-------- — Great Lakes 10. 8 7.7 4.6 5.4 2.8 0.2 1.30_____________ 1.35. ___ 1.40- __ ___ __ _ 1.45— ______ 1. 50. — __ Total_____________ New England 6 8 4 8 8 0. 1 $ $ $ $ $ $ 3. 00 and o v e r _____________________ _ Men 25. 7. 7. 5. 7. 0.3 and under and under and under and under and under 1. 50 1. 60 1.70 1. 80 1.90 Women 18.5 7.7 6. 1 5.6 5.4 0.2 $ 1.25 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .35 $ 1. 40 $ 1. 45 Under $ 1 . 2 5 .................................... O (P ercen t distribution of production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) 100. 0 100.0 100. 0 100.0 7,499 $ 1.71 3,946 $ 1. 57 3, 553 $ 1.87 1, 679 $ 1.80 2, 113 $ 1.82 1 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. 3 L ess than 0. 05 percent. Because o f rounding, sums o f individual item s may not equal 100. NOTE: Because o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100. Table 5. Earnings Distribution: Men’s Cement-Process Shoes (Percen t distribution o f production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly ea rn in gs,1 United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States 2 A vera g e hourly earnings1 To tal Women Men New England Great Lakes 0. 3 _ 0. 1 0.4 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1.40 $1.45 and and and and and under under under under under $1. 30------------ — -----------------$1. 35____________________— ____ $1. 40______ ___________ ________ $1. 45___________________ ....___ ____________ _____ __ $1. 50. 20. 1 4.8 5.4 6.6 4.8 25.9 5. 5 5.9 7. 1 5.6 10.7 3.6 4.6 5.9 3.4 18. 3 6. 1 5. 8 4.9 5.4 12.4 1.9 4. 3 8.4 3.4 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 and and and and and under under under under under $1. 60__________________________ $1. 70______________ ________ _ $1. 80________ _______ ____ $1.90 _______________________ _ $2. 00______________________ ____ 8. 3 8. 3 6.0 5.5 5.0 9.2 8. 8 6. 1 5.5 4.4 6.8 7. 5 5.6 5.6 5.9 8. 1 6.7 5. 2 5. 5 5.0 8.6 8. 7 6.9 6. 2 6. 7 $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. 00 10 20 30 40 and and and and and under under under under under $2. 10__________________________ $2. 20__________________________ $2. 30__________________ ________ $2. 40____ ________ ___________ $2. 50______ ____________ 4.4 3. 3 3. 1 2.4 2. 1 4. 3 3.5 2. 1 1.4 1. 1 4.4 3. 1 4. 8 4. 0 3. 7 4. 5 3. 1 3.7 2.8 2.8 6.4 5. 3 3.9 3.0 2.0 $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. 50 60 70 80 90 and and and and and under under under under under $2. 60__________________________ $2. 70__________________________ $2. 80_________________________ _ $2. 90 ____ ___ ________ .. .. $3. 00_______________________ ___ 1.8 1.7 1. 1 .7 .8 .9 .7 .4 .2 .2 3.2 3. 2 2. 1 1. 5 1.7 2. 2 1.7 1. 5 .9 1.0 2.0 2.4 1. 1 .7 •9 Under $1.25............ ............................................ 0. 2 $3. 00 and o v e r_________________________________ _ 3.7 .8 8. 5 4. 5 4.4 T o ta l ___________________ _______________ _ . 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 Number o f w o rk ers____ ____ _____ ....___________ A vera g e hourly earnings 1__________ __________ _ 7, 208 $1. 75 4,462 $1.60 2,746 $1.99 3,526 $1. 80 2,448 $1.84 1 Excludes premium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Because o f rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. Table 6. Earnings Distribution: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes 10 (P e rc e n t distribution of production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 1 2 A vera g e hourly earnings New England Middle Atlantic B order States 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 19.4 7.0 6.8 5.6 5.4 31.9 8.5 6.4 5.6 4.3 1 Total Under $1 .2 5_ . ___ $1.25 an d u n d e r ________________________ $1 , *0. _ _ _ __________ ________________ Women Men 0.2 0.2 Great Lakes Middle West P a cific 0.1 0.2 0.2 42.9 4.6 7.2 5.9 4.2 15.4 3.6 5.2 5.5 4.9 17.8 8.3 7.1 5.9 5.1 2.7 8.3 8.4 5.5 5.0 Southwest 18.4 6.3 6.7 5.3 4.6 22.7 7.9 8.1 6.4 6.0 11.4 3.7 4.5 3.4 2.3 15.5 5.8 7.0 4.8 3.9 9.0 7.4 6.1 5.1 4.0 10.3 8.8 6.4 4.9 4.0 6.8 5.0 5.6 5.3 4.0 8.7 7.2 5.6 4.5 3.5 9.1 7.3 6.1 4.8 3.8 8.8 7.6 5.5 6.0 2.9 5.9 4.6 5.5 4.5 3.0 10.2 7.9 6.9 6.0 5.6 9.2 7.7 6.7 6.1 4.9 6.5 7.8 9.7 6.1 4.6 4.2 3.5 2.9 2.3 2.0 3.3 2.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 5.6 4.7 4.1 3.9 3.5 4.5 3.4 3.2 2.7 2.3 3.7 3.3 2.4 1.9 1.6 3.0 2.8 1.8 1.1 1.1 2.1 2.1 1.5 2.1 .8 5.3 4.9 3.5 3.2 2.9 4.2 3.5 2.9 1.7 2.1 4.6 3.1 4.9 3.7 1.5 .9 .7 .5 4.0 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.1 2.6 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.5 .9 1.0 .8 .9 .5 .6 2.4 1.2 .4 ____________________________________ 2.1 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 .9 .8 1.5 1.0 .8 .6 .5 3.3 2.4 1.6 2.2 1.5 $3.00 and o v e r _______________ __ __ _____________ 5.1 .7 12.2 7.8 5.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 74,922 $1.78 46,434 $1.60 28,488 $2.08 31, 888 $1.88 $ 1 .4 5 and u n d e r $ 1 .5 0 _ $ 1 .5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,A 0 _ ____ $ 1 .8 0 and u n d e r and u n d e r $1,Q 0 _ _ $ 2 .0 0 ____ __________________________ and u n d e r and u n d e r $ 2 .1 0 ___ $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 ,2 0 _______ $2 .6 0 and u n d e r $ 2 .7 0 _ _ _ _ $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 and $ 2 .9 0 vender $7 ,9 0 and u n d e r $ 3 .0 0 ______ ___ _____ _ _________ ______ ___ _________ _ ________________ _______________ ____________________________ . . . _ _ . . . T o tal ................. ............................................ .......... A verag e Jim irly e a r n i n g s 1 .4 .3 1 Excludes premium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. _ 100.0 13,691 $1.76 .7 .6 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .6 2.4 2.3 6.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3, 834 $1.55 2, 480 $1.53 9,403 $1.78 9, 566 $1.70 1, 133 $1.92 Table 7. Earnings Distribution: Women’s Cement-Process (Slip-Lasted) Shoes Table 8. Earnings Distribution: Women’s McKay (Including Littleway) Shoes (P ercen t distribution o f production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and Middle Atlantic, A p ril 1965) 2 (P ercen t distribution o f production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 2 A vera g e hourly earnings 1 Total Under $ 1.25_______________________ Women Men United States 2 Middle Atlantic 0. 1 _ 0.2 Average hourly earnings 1 Total 0. 1 Under $ 1.25.............................. ..... Women Men 0. 3 0. 3 0. 1 $ 1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $ 1.40 $1.45 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1. 30-------------- — $ 1.3 5_ ------- ---$ 1.40---------------$ 1 .45 ______ __ _ $ 1.50----------- ----- 14. 9 8. 1 11. 2 5.9 4.8 16. 8 9.7 14.3 6.0 5.3 11.5 5.4 5.9 5.8 4.0 18.2 6. 1 9.7 7. 1 5.4 $ 1. 25 $ 1. 30 $1.35 $ 1.40 $ 1. 45 and and and and and under under under under under $ $ $ $ $ 1.30. ____ — 1. 35_____________ 1.40---------------1.45---------------.. 1. 50------ 27.7 5.4 6. 1 4.4 4.8 31. 5 6.6 6. 8 5. 1 5.7 21. 5 3. 5 5. 1 3. 3 3.3 $1.50 $ 1.60 $1.70 $ 1.80 $1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1. 60---------------$ 1. 70---------------$ 1.80------------ — $ 1.90---------------$ 2. 00_____________ 10. 5 7. 0 6.7 4.8 5. 1 11.7 7. 1 6.0 4.3 4.6 8.4 6.9 7.9 5.5 6.2 13.3 7.4 6.7 4.6 5.0 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1.60---------------$ 1.70---------------$ 1. 80_________ — . $ 1.90---------------$ 2. 00 ------- 7.4 7.2 4.9 4. 5 4. 7 8.2 7.9 4. 2 4.9 5. 1 $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. and and and and and under under under under under $ 2. 10---------------$ 2. 20_____________ $ 2. 30.------- ------ — $ 2. 40_____________ $ 2. 50.____ ______ 5.4 3.6 3.8 1. 7 1.4 3.8 3.3 2.3 1.5 1. 1 8.3 4. 1 6.4 2.2 1.7 3.5 1.9 2.4 1.4 1.8 $ 2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2. 10____________ $ 2. 20— _ ----$ 2. 30— ------ — $ 2. 40---------------$ 2. 50---------------- 4. 1 3.4 2.3 2.9 1.8 $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2. and and and and and under under under under under $ 2. 60---------------$ 2. 70— — — $ 2. 80---------------$ 2. 90_____________ $ 3. 00_____________ 1. 5 1. 1 1. 0 .7 .7 00 10 20 30 40 Number o f w ork ers.______________ — A verag e hourly earnings 1------------ 4. 9 2. 3 9. 6 5.4 100. 0 $ 2. 50 and o v e r ________ ____ ______ 100. 0 100.0 100.0 5, 406 $ 1.67 3,440 $ 1.58 1,966 $ 1.81 2, 514 $ 1.64 50 60 70 80 90 New England 0.3 25. 4. 6. 4. 4. Middle Atlantic _ 2 3 5 0 2 34.0 4.7 7.8 6.0 2. 5 6. 1 6.0 6. 0 4. 0 3.9 7.2 6.9 4. 8 4. 7 4.7 6. 5 6. 5 4.0 2. 7 3. 6 4.0 2.2 1. 6 1.8 1.4 4. 1 5.3 3.3 4.8 2.7 4. 2 4. 0 2.8 2.6 2. 3 4.4 2.3 1.9 2.6 1.5 .7 .3 .3 .5 .2 2.9 2. 3 2. 3 1.0 1.7 1.9 1.7 1. 6 .8 1. 2 .8 .9 1.2 .9 .6 $ 3. 00 and o v e r --------------------------1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to Middle Atlantic. NOTE: 3. 0 .7 6.8 4. 2 4. 5 Total______________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100.0 Number o f w orkers— _________ ____ A verage hourly earnings 1.— .— ---- 8,335 $ 1.71 5, 173 $ 1.59 3, 162 $ 1.89 4, 683 $ 1.76 987 $ 1. 68 and Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100. 1 Excludes premium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Because o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100. Table 9. Earnings Distribution: Misses’ and Children’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes (P ercen t distribution o f production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings , United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States A v e ra g e hourly earnings 1 Under $1.25 _____________ ____ _______________ 2 New England Men ( 3) 0. 1 _ _ 20.4 5. 5 6. 8 5. 7 4.9 23.9 7. 0 7. 8 6.4 5. 5 13. 3 2.5 4.9 4. 4 3. 7 19. 0 5. 5 7. 8 5. 2 4. 5 11. 3 9. 3 7. 5 4.9 4. 2 7.9 5.6 7. 0 6. 1 5. 8 4. 6 6. 3 4. 6 4. 1 10. 5 6. 3 4. 4 5.0 4. 3 7.4 4. 1 4. 3 3. 1 3. 3 6. 7 2.4 2. 2 1.9 2. 2 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 and and and and and under under under under under $1. 30......................................... $1. 35__________________________ $1. 40__________________________ $1. 45__________________________ $1. 50_____ ____________________ $1. 50 $ 1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $1. 60_ ______ __ _____ $ 1 . 70__ ___________________ $1. 80______________________ $1. 90 _ __ ____ __ __ _ $ 2 . 00 --------- ------- ------------- $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 . 10_ __ _________________ ________ $ 2 . 2 0 ____________ $2. 30 ___ ____ ____ __ _ _ $2. 40__ ___________ ____________ $2. 50__________________________ 5.0 2.4 2. 7 1. 8 1.8 8 1.6 1.9 1. 2 1. 0 $2. 50 $2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $2. 90 and and and and and under under under under under $2. 60__________________________ $ 2 . 7 0 „____ ___ ______ __.... $2. 80__________________________ $ 2 . 90 __________________________ $3. 00__________________________ 1.9 1. 6 .8 .8 .6 .7 .7 .3 .3 .2 1. 3 2. 7 2. 6 1. 2 1. 5 1. 0 1. 8 100 . 0 10,096 .6 100 . 0 4. 1 5.4 100 . 0 6,730 $1.59 3,366 $ 1.90 $3. 00 and o v e r ___________________________________ Total_______________________________________ Number o f w o rk ers_____________ -___ - . _ _ A v e ra g e hourly earn in gs 1 ___ _____ __________ _ 1 2 3 Middle Atlantic Women Total 10 . 2 8. 1 7. 3 5. 3 4. 7 $1. 70 3. 4. 2 3. 5 1. 6 1.8 Because o f rounding, sums o f individual items may not equal 100. Southwest Great Lakes Middle West 0. 2 _ _ _ 25. 3 4.9 24. 5 4. 3 10. 5 5.9 5.4 28.6 6. 1 15.2 6. 3 6 .0 5. 3 3. 6 8 .8 8. 8 8. 2 6 .6 5. 3 4. 7 9.9 12 . 2 7.4 5.4 3. 3 6.9 3. 3 3. 6 4.9 2. 6 3. 1 2. 3 2.4 4. 6 1. 5 2. 3 1. 8 1. 3 4. 1 1. 0 2. 0 1. 0 .8 2.4 2. 1 1. 3 2. 3 6 .0 5.0 5. 6 10. 6 10 . 1 8. 3 6.9 7. 1 3. 5 3. 6 3. 8 1.9 1. 3 1. 2 1. 0 100 . 0 .3 .4 100.0 2. 2 1. 2 .9 .8 1. 1 100 . 0 100 . 0 100 . 0 2,076 $ 1. 80 1,785 $1.69 1,826 $1. 64 1, 179 $1. 57 2,085 $1. 69 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L ess than 0. 05 percent. NO TE: 12 .3 .7 .7 - _ - - .9 .9 .9 .6 Tabic 10. Earnings Distribution: Misses’ and Children’s Goodyear-Welt Shoes (Percen t distribution of production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States A vera g e hourly earn in gs 1 Total Under $1.25_____________________________________ 0.1 11.1 5.3 8.1 $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 and and and and and under under under under under $1.30..-----------------------------$1.35_________________________ $1.40_________________________ $1.45______________ _____ _____ $1.50______________ __ ____ $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $1.60___________ ____________ _ $1.70_______________________ __ $1.80_________ _____________ __ $1.90_________ ____ ___ $2.00_________________________ 7.6 7.6 5.8 4.7 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2,10 _________________________ $ 2 . 20 ..----------- ---------- -----$2.30_________________________ $2.40_______ — ________ _ $2.50___________________ ____ 3.6 4.1 3.0 2.5 1.9 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 and and and and and under under under under under $2.60.______ _ _ __ ___ $2.70 — ______________ ___ $2.80____ .. _________ ____ $2.90_________________________ $3.00__________ _______ _____ __ $3>00 and o v e r _________________________________ T o ta l— ---- ------------------- - — Number of w o r k e r s .----------------- ---------- . A vera g e hourly earnings 1 _______________ ______ 1 2 3 5.7 5.4 8.2 2.1 2.2 1.8 .9 .7 2 Women Men Middle Atlantic (3) 0.1 0.2 14.1 5.7 9.2 7.8 7.2 7.6 4.9 6.9 3.3 3.4 14.4 9.1 9.0 7.1 8.8 12.1 7.9 6.1 10.2 4.8 4.1 7.8 7.8 5.2 4.5 8.2 6.6 5.2 6.0 6.8 2.9 2.9 2.3 1.4 4.4 5.5 3.9 3.9 2.9 1.4 2.9 3.7 2.9 1.3 1.0 .8 .8 .6 .2 1.2 2.1 1.6 .8 1.0 .7 .4 .2 .2 _ 2.8 2.2 10.7 2.8 7.7 Middle West . 22.4 4.1 7.6 5.0 4.6 12.9 6.5 6.7 7.4 7.6 8.5 9.9 5.4 3.3 3.5 1.4 4.1 2.7 3.1 1.6 1.1 2.6 2.0 2.1 2.8 1.9 6.1 7.4 4.5 2.6 2.3 2.0 1.4 .5 .5 7.4 3.3 12.3 .7 3.5 2.3 100.0 8 , 207 $ 1.88 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4,429 $1.70 3,778 $ 2.10 2, 124 $1.61 970 $1.90 1, 155 $1.70 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L e s s than 0.05 percent. NO TE: 3.8 3.5 Great Lakes Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100. Table 11. Earnings Distribution: Misses’, Children’s, and Infants’ Stitchdown Shoes Table 12. Earnings Distribution: Moccasin-Constructed Shoes W ith Hand-Sewn Plug (P ercen t distribution of production w ork ers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and Middle Atlantic, A p ril 1965) (P ercen t distribution of production w orkers by average straight-tim e hourly earnings, 1 United States and New England, A p r il 1965) A vera g e hourly earnings United States 1 Total Under $1.25________________________ Women Men 0.1 0.1 0.1 37.1 17.1 9.2 4.4 $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $ 1.45 and and and and and under under under under under $1.30_____________ $1.35_____________ $1.40____________ _ $1.45______ $1.50___________ _ 29.8 10.4 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $1.60__________ $1.70_____________ $1.80_____ _______ $ 1.90 ___________ _ $ 2 .00 _____________ 8.4 7.8 7.0 5.0 3.7 9.1 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 .10 _____________ $ 2 . 20 . _________ __ $2.30_____________ $2.40_____________ $2.50.____________ 2.5 1.3 .9 6.1 5.1 4.3 1.8 2.1 1.2 11.1 7.2 4.6 5.2 8.6 5.8 4.0 2.5 $2.50 and o ver ___________________ __ 4.1 T o ta l_________________________ 100.0 1.1 (3) .2 1.2 100.0 4,440 $1.57 2, 817 $1.46 Number of w o r k e r s ._______________ A vera g e hourly earnings 1 _________ 2 .7 Middle Atlantic 0.1 22.2 7.3 8.7 4.3 5.0 6.0 2.7 7.1 6.5 9.0 6.5 5.7 7.0 4.8 8.0 6.7 3.9 4.6 3.5 3.9 3.3 1.5 3.5 3.1 3.5 8.9 8.3 100.0 100.0 1,623 $1.75 1,692 $1.69 2.1 1.4 A verag e hourly earnings Total NO TE; Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. Women 0.1 Under $1.25____ 0.2 15.2 14.1 $ 1.25 $ 1.30 $ 1.35 $1.40 $ 1.45 and and and and and under under under under under $1.30_____________ $1.35_____________ $1.40___________ $1.45 .............. $1.50_____________ 12.7 7.9 5.2 5.0 2.4 $ 1.50 $ 1.60 $ 1.70 $1.80 $1.90 and and and and and under under under under under $1.60................. $1.70_____________ $1.80_____________ $1.90_____________ $ 2 .0 0 _____________ 7.0 5.2 4.3 4.4 5.4 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 .1 0 _____________ $ 2 .20 _____________ $2.30 ________ $2.40_____________ $2.50_____________ 4.7 5.0 4.2 4.7 3.1 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 .60 _____________ $2.70____ $2.80_____________ $2.90_____________ $3.00................. $3.00 and o v e r __________________ __ 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to Middle Atlantic. 3 L e s s than 0.05 percent. United States 1 Total____________ Number of w orker s ____ _________ _ A verag e hourly earnings 1 _________ 3.3 2.8 2.6 1.7 1.4 8.2 10.8 2.8 8.2 3.9 6.5 4.5 5.1 4.7 3.3 1.8 3.1 1.8 1.2 1.8 .3 .7 100.0 .6 1.1 100.0 3, 323 $1.94 1,302 $ 1.66 6.9 2 Men New England _ _ 11.1 11.9 10.4 5.2 5.1 1.3 4.0 3.3 1.2 2.1 6.2 6.1 6.9 5.0 3.6 4.4 5.4 2.9 4.3 5.7 4.7 5.7 5.7 4.0 3.8 5.2 4.3 3.8 3.6 4.6 3.5 4.0 2.3 1.9 3.5 2.7 2.9 1.9 1.3 10.6 100.0 2 , 021 $ 2.11 8.0 100.0 6.1 2,478 $1.96 1 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to New England. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100. 0) Table 13. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States Department, occupation, and sex Number Qf w orkers 2 A verage hourly earnings New England Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Great' Lakes Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Middle West Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Cutting Cutters, fa b ric lining, machine______________ Men _____________ — ____ _ _______ ______ . Cutters, leather lining, machine____ _ W omen __________________ _____ ____________ Men _____ __ _________ ________ ______ Cu tters, vamp and whole shoe, hand (63 men and 3 women) ____________________ _ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine______ Women __________ ____ _ _ _____ ______ __ M en ------------------------------------------------------ $2.03 18 18 19 $1.97 1.97 1.96 47 19 $2.34 2.56 2.13 1.99 2.47 - - _ 295 54 241 _ 2.69 2.25 2.79 _ 104 2.62 382 380 2.75 2.98 2.98 84 _ 2.09 2.09 2.09 1,285 1.71 239 2.02 240 1.90 124 1.47 622 1.55 112 1.61 250 1.53 32 1.38 536 628 777 730 1.81 1.79 1.90 1.85 1.98 1.96 2.36 2.29 155 178 194 1.95 192 2.08 2.07 67 71 52 52 1.47 1.45 1.49 1.49 58 38 35 37 35 9 30 38 1.58 1.56 1.79 85 2.07 2.23 2.31 2.85 2.48 35 1.91 12 _ 12 1.88 1.88 2.22 129 102 292 135 157 66 1,213 241 972 2.10 2.02 1.86 2.16 2.72 2.47 1.88 34 33 96 19 77 8 $2.50 2.53 2.44 2.34 2.47 25 15 66 8 20 2.01 Fitting Fancy stitchers (1, 275 women and 10 men) — P a sters, backers, or fitters , upper, hand (a ll women)__________ ________ _______ ___ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (533 women and 3 men)_______ ____ ________ Top stitchers (619 women and 9 men)_________ V ampe r s ___ __________ __________________ ________ W om en ------------------------------------------------- 176 201 205 160 2.01 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pullover, m a c h in e ______ __ Men ________ ________________ ___ _____-_____ _ Bed-machine operators (a ll m en )----------------H eel-s ea t la sters (142 men and 3 women).----P u llover-m ach in e operators (a ll men)________ Side la sters , machine (a ll men)-- ----------------Toe la sters , automatic or semiautomatic (289 men and 6 women) _ ___ _ __ _____ 281 236 56 145 345 350 295 2.10 2.20 73 72 28 40 98 2.50 2.05 2.55 2.33 102 2.98 3.00 2.59 2.48 3.26 2.90 2.46 77 2.92 85 2.81 1.94 2.33 2.33 2.67 2.54 88 2.01 1.79 Bottoming and making Bottom fille r s ... ____ __ ____ ______ Women _ _________________________ _______ Men . ____ __ ... ____ _____ Edge trim m ers (a ll men) .... _____ _ Goodyear stitchers (497 men and 8 women)— H eel attachers, machine (230 men and 2 women),m .. _r Ins earners (267 men and 5 women)__________ — Jointers, m ach in e. --------------------------------Men _____ ____ ___________ ____ _______________ _ Rough rounders (a ll men)---------------------------Shankers . ___ _____ _________ _____ __ __ Women ______ _ _ __ _____ ______ Men _____________________ . . . . _ _ Sole le v e le r s , machine___________ — __________ See footnotes at end of table. 1.87 39 2.11 1.88 43 33 2.03 2.72 2.32 6 81 440 505 33 125 147 2.15 3.50 2.76 118 118 232 272 55 45 216 78 47 31 2.23 2.61 2.19 2.32 2.55 1.80 1.75 1.87 1.81 1.81 63 85 2.74 3.37 58 62 3.12 2.15 49 18 15 _ 28 149 68 100 88 1.68 21 21 63 26 13 13 34 32 2.68 2.68 1.88 2.42 1.95 1.96 10 20 12 20 2.39 2.84 1.89 2.06 2.61 1.81 1.82 _ 2.04 2.09 38 69 21 1.70 23 _ 1.85 1.80 . _ _ 1.37 _ _ _ 20 8 1.88 Table 13. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— All Establishments— Continued (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States D epartm ent, occupation, and sex Number of w orkers 2 A verage hourly earnings New England Number of w orkers A vera g e hourly earnings G reat'Lakes Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Middlfe West Number Qf w orkers A verage hourly earnings Finishing Bottom s c o u re r s ---------------------------------------M en ______________ ________ _______ ______ _ Edge setters (274 men and 4 wom en)__________ R e p a ir e r s ----------------- --------- — -----W om en____ _________________________________ T r e e r s ___________________ _______________ ______ W om en _ _ __________________________ ____ Men -------------------------------------------- ------ 151 130 278 370 357 311 179 132 $2.04 2.09 420 278 142 643 384 259 249 1.52 1.55 1.47 2.68 1.64 1.63 2.01 1.76 2.36 40 40 93 113 104 87 - $2.55 2.55 3.11 1.78 1.75 2.48 - 82 2.48 128 93 35 219 114 105 58 55 19 1.54 1.57 1.45 1.71 1.57 1.87 1.43 1.43 2.44 59 41 93 101 101 147 127 20 $2.15 2.34 2.58 1.73 1.73 1.84 1.78 2.24 11 11 $1.54 1.54 26 25 _ _ 1.63 1.62 _ _ - - - - Miscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir l s )______________________ __ W om en---- ------------------------------------------.......... M en.. __ Inspectors (c r o w n e r s )_________________________ W om en _______________________________________ M en _____________ ___________________________ Janitors---- ----------------------------------------------M en _____ ____ ___ ___ __ ___ _____ __ ______ ____ Mechanics, maintenance (a ll men)___________ 1 2 226 149 1.66 1.57 1.80 1.44 1.44 2.20 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not m eet publication crite ria . 117 89 _ 166 111 55 80 66 36 1.62 1.63 _ 1.82 1.70 2.05 1.57 1.59 2.41 31 24 _ 51 41 1.42 1.43 _ 1.52 1.48 28 28 24 1.42 1.42 10 1.66 2.02 Table 14. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— By Size of Establishment (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 o f w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States New England G reat Lakes Establishments with— Sex, department, and occupation 50—249 workers 250 w orkers or m ore Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings 124 82 59 57 64 $1.71 1.43 1.76 1.71 1.89 1, 151 540 474 562 666 $1.71 1. 57 1. 82 1. 80 1. 85 35 1.71 322 17 27 1.48 1. 55 15 97 2. 50 2 . 50 50— 249 w orkers A verage hourly earnings 250 w orkers or m ore A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings 29 30 29 $1.76 1. 55 1. 87 1. 80 2. 24 159 91 146 166 131 $2. 13 1. 62 2 . 00 1.98 2. 30 1. 62 18 1. 87 86 357 1. 56 1. 57 7 14 1.41 1.61 86 100 142 875 2. 13 2. 63 9 55 2.68 2 . 68 325 216 314 326 261 2 . 12 2. 52 2. 32 2.48 17 14 2. 56 2.67 2.41 407 459 240 197 2.71 2. 31 2.62 2. 56 14 18 9 3. 46 2. 55 3. 01 2.70 28 2.88 246 2. 67 14 34 18 14 1. 82 1.47 2. 33 225 208 135 1. 80 1.44 2. 19 22 6 Number of w orkers Number of w orkers 50— 249 w orkers 250 workers or m ore A verag e hourly earning s Number of w orkers 39 58 23 23 29 $ 1. 61 1. 39 1. 61 1.65 1. 64 201 192 1.72 15 1.59 1. 56 6 8 2. 44 3. 04 28 8 6 11 Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Women Fitting Fancy stitch ers______________________________ ____ P a s te rs , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand____ Skivers, machine, uppers or l in i n g s ----------------Top stitch ers_____________________ _________ __ V a m pers_____________ __ ____ ____________ _ _____ 70 21 132 154 163 $1.95 1.58 2 . 00 2 . 06 2. 15 1. 55 86 1. 76 1. 52 1.49 83 103 1. 64 1. 72 2. 32 15 213 2.61 2. 85 2.45 3. 05 2. 37 2 . 26 30 81 79 71 2. 17 2. 83 2 . 49 2.93 104 98 51 44 2. 71 2. 57 2 . 89 Finishing R e p a ir e r s --------------------------------------------------M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls _________ -_________ __________ .____ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )_____ __ _______ 261 Men Cutting Cutters, leather lining, machine_______________ C u tters, vamp and whole shoe, m achine._____ _ 68 _ _ Lasting A ssem b lers fo r p u llover, m achine____________ _ __ Pu llover-m a ch in e opera tors________ ___ Side la sters , m ach in e__ ____ _________ T o e la sters , automatic or sem iautom atic— ___ 20 31 24 28 3. 03 2.77 2.47 2. 38 10 10 3. 64 3. 04 2. 67 2.79 62 81 88 67 2.90 3. 30 2.94 2. 94 7 Bottoming and making _ E d g e t r im m e r s __ _ __ _ __________ Goodyear stitch ers __ ______ ________ __ _ Ins earner« _ _ - _______ __________ .______ . Rough rounders _______________ ___ _____ ___ ____ ____ 33 38 27 19 2 . 88 11 111 3. 50 2.79 3. 46 3. 19 14 129 71 54 - 2. 38 2. 85 2.61 - 3. 21 77 3. 12 9 2.58 82 2 . 61 1. 81 1.41 83 49 17 1.89 1.44 2. 46 2. 04 1.46 47 55 29 2. 05 1.62 2.41 12 11 2.66 Finishing Edge setters_______________ —____________________ M iscellaneous Inspectors (crow n ers) —__ ____________ ___ ______ Janitors.— Mechanics, maintenance. ___ __ __ — .... . . . 1 2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not m eet publication crite ria . 8 11 7 2 . 39 Table 15. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— By Size of Community (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 o f w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States Sex, department, and occupation Metropolitan areas 2 New England Nonmetropolitan areas M etropolitan area? G reat Lakes Nonmetropolitan areas Metropolitan areas Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers 444 230 261 262 $2.04 1. 57 1.93 1.95 2. 09 831 392 27 2 353 468 $1. 63 1. 53 1. 69 1. 67 1. 72 164 71 116 136 103 $ 2 . 10 1. 65 2. 03 1.97 2.41 65 41 59 60 57 $ 1. 80 1. 53 1. 88 1.92 2 . 08 65 74 70 147 2.42 210 1. 59 82 1.69 104 1. 75 91 152 1. 66 1. 62 187 232 1. 50 1. 53 39 74 1. 59 1.61 54 40 1. 56 1. 49 _ 47 95 464 2. 31 2. 73 62 508 1.93 2. 51 63 239 2. 52 2.95 14 141 2. 24 3. 05 _ 83 152 167 133 2. 74 2.99 2 . 61 2.79 153 193 183 156 2 . 20 2 . 08 2 . 20 1. 90 51 69 77 55 3. 24 3. 44 2.98 3. 17 29 25 187 2.98 2. 64 3. 21 2. 96 253 307 153 76 85 52 40 3.78 3. 27 49 62 30 23 2 . 68 122 2. 54 2. 13 2 . 18 2. 23 2 . 82 114 94 161 2. 87 113 2.43 58 3. 38 33 2. 70 55 134 91 37 1. 57 1.91 1. 55 2. 34 87 125 135 1.41 1.69 1. 37 2. 15 23 82 28 1.47 1. 90 1. 51 2. 31 23 27 19 Nonmetropolitan areas A verag e hourly earning s Number of w orkers $ 2 . 19 2. 23 2. 37 163 178 90 103 122 $1. 85 1. 51 1. 77 1. 85 1.91 65 1. 63 _ 1.73 49 64 1. 56 1. 68 100 _ 3. 08 141 8 2 . 06 2. 58 2.42 2 . 81 2 . 66 2. 30 _ 39 44 33 _ 3. 21 2. 57 3. 19 30 49 41 49 2. 32 2. 56 2 . 39 2 . 60 3.41 52 46 2 . 88 2. 75 3. 29 2.99 64 40 30 A verag e hourly earnings Women Fitting Fancy stitchers-____________ -_________-__________ P a s te r s , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand— ___ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings _ ___ __ Top stitch ers_____________________________________ Vam pers _______ _____ -__________________ ________ 266 _ - Finishing R e p a ir e r s --------------------------------------------------M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls _________ ______________________________ Inspectors (crow n ers)___________________________ _ Men Cutting Cutters, leather lining, machine_______________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m achine—____-______ P u llo ver -machine operator s_______ -____ -___ ___ Side la sters , m achine___________________________ T o e la sters , automatic o r sem iautom atic____— 21 22 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers _________ ____ _______ ___________ Goodyear s titch ers_____ -______________________ — Ins earners_____ _______________________________ — Rough rounders__ ______________________________ 190 3. 55 2. 75 2. 87 22 19 66 2. 51 2 . 49 2 . 60 2. 37 Finishing Edge setters___________ _________________________ _ 38 2. 54 M iscellaneous F lo o r b o y s-------------------------------- ----------------Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )____ —____________________ Janitors___________________________________________ M echanics, maintenance------------------------------- 1 2 112 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not meet publication crite ria . 10 12 1. 42 1.78 1. 35 2.44 _ 30 - 9 _ 2 . 16 2 . 68 _ 25 25 27 _ 1.91 1. 45 2. 32 Table 16. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— By Size of Establishment and Size of Community (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 2 New England Great Lakes Establishments with— Sex, department, occupation, and community size 50— 249 workers 250 w orkers or m ore A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers 65 59 $1.75 1.66 379 772 19 63 1.54 1. 39 211 329 1. 57 1. 56 29 30 1. 78 1.73 232 242 1.95 1.69 28 29 1.79 1. 64 238 324 1.97 1. 67 31 33 2.09 1. 70 231 435 2.09 1. 72 18 17 1. 75 1. 67 129 193 87 174 Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings 50— 249 w orkers 250 w orkers or m ore A verage hourly earnings Number of workers $1.79 110 49 16 1. 56 55 36 26 1. 82 Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings 50— 249 w orkers Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings 250 w orkers or m ore Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Fitting Fancy stitchers: _ M etropolitan a r e a s _____________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______________ __ _ P a s te rs , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand: M etropolitan areas __________________ ___ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s ___ _______________ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ Top stitchers: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ Vam pers: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ $ 1. 88 1.62 26 90 56 $2. 25 1. 85 1. 68 1. 53 2 . 09 1. 85 $ 1 . 62 $1.91 1. 38 1. 63 63 69 2 . 22 1. 81 110 56 2 . 00 1.94 1.67 72 82 2. 25 1. 89 79 52 2.44 2 . 08 1. 68 65 98 2.44 1.96 1.66 1. 59 66 1. 66 1.92 1.67 1. 50 35 51 1. 62 62 1. 61 38 1.49 46 57 1. 72 1. 72 191 134 3. 00 3. 09 100 113 3. 08 2. 64 3. 24 55 26 2. 89 3. 49 37 44 3. 27 2.45 2.76 65 23 3. 02 2. 71 43 36 2. 57 2.40 3.02 47 3. 20 2. 34 33 38 3. 19 2. 70 24 Finishing R ep airers: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ 20 M iscellaneous F lo o r g irls : M etropolitan areas _______________ ______ Nonm etropolitan areas ____________ ______ Inspectors (crow n ers): M etropolitan a r e a s ________________ ______ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s ______________ ___ 14 13 1.66 1.44 138 219 1. 54 50 47 2.71 2 . 28 414 461 2. 74 2.53 17 14 3. 01 2.47 135 179 2.99 2. 17 13 11 2.73 2. 17 154 172 9 19 2 . 89 2. 14 124 137 1. 61 1. 57 Men Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine: M etropolitan a r e a s __________________ ___ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ Lasting Pu llover-m a ch in e operators: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ Side la sters, machine: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ T oe la sters , automatic o r semiautomatic: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s _________ ___ _____ See footnotes at end of table, 2 . 60 2. 07 2.79 2. 21 20 2 . 26 Table 16. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— By Size of Establishment and Size of Community— Continued 1 0 1 0 (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 o f w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States New England Great Lakes Establishments with— Sex, department, occupation, and community size 50— 249 workers Number of w orkers 250 w orkers or m ore A verage hourly earnings Number of workers A verage hourly earnings 14 19 $3. 22 2. 63 173 234 21 17 2 . 60 2. 52 173 286 2. 64 13 15 3. 16 2. 63 148 98 23 1. 81 111 50— 249 w orkers Number of w orkers 250 w orkers or m ore 50-249 w orkers A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers $3. 39 64 47 $3. 58 3. 39 13 69 60 2. 87 2.69 2. 84 2.40 46 31 3. 40 2. 70 1.93 A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings 250 w orkers or m ore Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings M en— Continued Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ Goodyear stitchers: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ $2.96 2. 53 2 . 11 12 16 51 53 $ 2 . 89 2. 54 11 45 53 2. 74 2.42 9 53 29 2. 65 2. 53 29 18 2. 17 2. 04 $2. 38 Finishing Edge setters: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ M iscellaneous Inspectors (crow n ers): M etropolitan a r e a s __________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______________ Janitors: M etropolitan a r e a s __________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______________ M echanics, maintenance: M etropolitan a r e a s ________________ ... Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______________ 1 2 11 7 11 1. 83 1.44 1.50 114 l. 68 60 23 1.93 1. 78 84 124 1. 56 1. 35 24 25 1.53 1. 34 9 1. 50 16 2. 31 2.67 6 2 . 49 8 2 . 80 21 2. 27 35 12 100 2. 36 2 . 13 Excludes premium pay fo r o vertim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not meet publication crite ria . 10 7 1. 86 Table 17. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— Brockton, Mass.1 (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 2 o f production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w o rk ers____ W om en _________ ... ._____ M an ---------------------------- Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— age $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.80 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 of hourly $1.25 w ork earn and and in gs 2 under ers $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2,20 $2,30 $2,40 $2,$0 $2 , 6 Q $2,§0 $3.00 $3,20 $3,40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 over 4, 311 $ 2 . 12 2,097 1. 82 2, 214 2. 40 245 160 85 196 123 73 289 231 58 248 157 109 48 202 141 233 170 63 279 193 82 86 188 82 106 1 1 22 21 6 6 3 3 10 10 24 15 7 7 12 11 3 _ 166 343 202 83 119 208 82 126 13 13 7 7 2 2 6 6 7 4 212 111 108 52 56 116 44 72 98 46 52 8 8 6 6 9 9 7 7 6 6 3 _ 1 1 202 1 1 69 143 189 78 166 38 128 142 39 103 126 28 98 85 9 76 97 69 133 6 6 4 4 2 2 3 3 2 2 _ _ 2 2 5 10 1 1 2 2 - 11 86 52 3 49 31 _ 31 34 1 33 65 9 56 Women Fitting Fancy stitch ers_____ _ Incentive.________________ P a s te rs , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand______ Tim p S kivers, machine, uppers or linings._________ _ . T im e_____________________ Inc entiv e______ __________ Top stitchers fb/____________ Vam pers 3b/ . .. ..____ ____ 140 130 56 25 31 2. 05 2 . 08 _ - 1. 59 2 2 1. 37 1. 78 88 1. 89 48 40 74 60 1.76 2.05 2.03 2. 52 3 3 5 2 3 _ - - _ _ 2 - - _ _ - 1 3 2 1 2 1 1 5 - 2 2 1 _ 1 1 - 3 _ 3 4 1 5 3 2 10 3 3 3 3 3 48 44 4 4 3 2 2 2 7 9 3 1 3 2 4 9 3 5 2 2 2 3 3 5 5 7 5 5 2 5 2 1 1 - _ 3 4 5 1 1 _ _ 3 4 _ 3 4 1 _ " 3 2 2 3 1 6 6 2 - 1 1 2 _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 _ _ 4 - - 1 ~ - - - " 1 - 1 " ~ “ _ _ 1 _ _ - . - - _ _ _ Finishing R e p a ir e rs ___________________ T im e „ ________________ .... Inc entiv e__________ ______ 39 1. 81 23 1. 57 1.98 27 44 1.49 1. 61 49 2 . 49 2 - 16 _ - . - _ - - . " 8 8 - 3 3 5 5 - 7 2 2 2 5 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 Miscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 3a / ______________ Inspectors (crow n ers) 3a/—> _ 2 _ 8 6 3 1 1 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - . - 1 7 7 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 5 2 1 " 1 3 4 1 3 3 5 _ - _ - - _ _ 3 4 3 3 5 - - Men Cutting Cutters, lining, m ach in e__ T im e Inc entiv e__________ ______ F abric lining „________________ Tim p Inc entiv e _ ______ __________ Leather lining fb / — ___ ____ C u tters , vamp and whole cV a p i Vian ri ^ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 3b / ____________ 10 39 15 9 6 34 2. 03 . 61 2. 33 2. 03 2.79 2. 56 8 2. 85 3. 19 - - _ - - 2 1 8 4 4 4 4 4 2 1 - 1 1 6 2 3 2 2 1 - - 2 2 7 4 _ _ 1 3 2 1 6 2 8 - - - 3 3 1 3. 18 29 - - 3 2 1 2 2 2.75 160 - 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ 3 - - 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 25 15 14 6 6 1 1 1 1 - 18 11 21 1 1 2 2 4 4 15 5 1 _ - - - _ 1 _ _ - _ 3 5 4 - 1 1 1 1 Fitting Vam pers ________________________ In c e n tiv e 20 See footnotes at end o f table. - - - - - - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 - 10 CO 10 Table 17. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— Brockton, Mass.1— Continued (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings Sex, department, and occupation Num- A v e r age hourly $ 1 . 2 5 of w ork ea rn and in gs 1 under 2 ers $ 1 .3 0 2 o f production w orkers •It in selected occupations, A p r il 1965) Number of workers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings of— $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4733 $ 3 .0 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 over and Men— Continued Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3b / _______________ Bed-machine operators 3a / ______________ H eel-seat la sters 3b/____ operators 3b/ ______________ Side la sters, machine 3b/_______________ Toe la sters, automatic or semiautomatic 3b/_____ 26 $3. 63 13 2. 22 17 2 .7 9 45 3. 5 3 47 3. 0 8 32 16 " 2 “ 1 8 2 “ “ - ' " 2 " - " - - - 1 ■ - - - - - - “ “ - ~ 3 “ " 1 l 2 1 1 1 7 5 2 - - - 2 - ' - - - " “ - " ~ 5 3 3 1 4 1 ' 1 - ~ 1 1 2. 40 3. 61 ■ - - 3 . 31 45 ■ " “ " 1 " ■ ~ 3 3 3 2 7 8 6 3 2 1 6 2 7 10 5 5 1 3 4 2 1 1 1 1 6 2 2 6 3 3 1 1 4 1 ■ 1 ' Bottoming and making Bottom fille r s 3 b/------------Edge trim m ers 3b/-----------Goodyear stitchers 3b/_____ H eel attachers, machine 3b/ _______________ Ins earners 3b / ______________ Jointers, machine -----------Incentive_________________ Rough rounders 3b/ _________ Shankers 3b / ______________ — Sole le v e le rs , machine____ Incentive_________________ 61 3 .9 1 - . - 1 2 - - _ - 2. 64 31 - _ - _ - 2. 98 27 _ 17 2. 4 3 13 2. 23 3 2 3 - _ 1 - 1 2 2 8 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 3 5 4 5 “ _ - _ - 9 3 7 2 12 2 1 1 2 2 - “ “ “ 2 20 1. 9 7 16 _ _ - “ 1 - 4 2 2 5 1 - 4 2 1 1 2 7 2 3 - 7 3 1 - - - - - - 3 - 3 - 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 ~ “ “ 2 3 7 1 1 1 1 1 4 - " ” “ - 2 - “ " 2 1 - 1 " “ ~ “ “ “ ” 1 ■ - 3 2 - 1 1 " “ 4 “ " 3 3 1 5 “ " 3 - “ " ■ 1 2 1 . . _ 2 _ 2 1 _ 2 - 1 1 2 2 2 - - 6 7 4 6 7 3 - 2 8 1 " - " " 5 1 2 1 5 10 5 3 _ 3 _ _ 6 - _ - _ 4 _ - - - 5 2 2. 04 17 _ - 3. 29 8 1 1 - 2. 6 0 24 _ 1 3 _ 2 2. 62 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 8 " " 1 1 ' Finishing Bottom scourers ____ Edge setters^b/--------------- T r e e rs \ / __________________ 48 2. 45 2 _ 3. 4 3 51 - - 13 2 2 3 1 2 Miscellaneous F lo o r boys 3a/______________Inspectors (Frow ners) 3a/_Janitors 3a/_________________- 1 2 3 14 1. 4 1 2 4 61 1. 9 7 - 3 - 1. 4 5 5 1 25 2 4 2 2 1 1 2 - _ 12 3 _ 1 8 4 23 - - 1 1 The Brockton area includes Abington, Avon, Braintree, Bridgewater, Brockton, M iddleboro, Rockland, Stoughton, Weymouth, and Whitman, Mass. Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. ■ ■ " “ Table 18. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes— Wisconsin (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w ork ers____ W om en__________________ M en______________________ age $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 and and $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 over ber of w orkers earnings 1 4, 782 2, 946 1, 836 $1.93 415 1.76 301 2 . 21 114 152 115 37 175 129 46 156 109 47 333 273 60 1 1 1 _ - 364 280 84 385 319 66 328 249 79 294 219 75 3 2 292 225 67 241 2 161 80 250 134 116 217 123 94 210 87 123 157 63 94 216 87 129 149 15 134 100 127 27 5 - 1 1 - 76 6o 47 3 44 37 . 37 48 64 36 13 13 24 24 2 2 - - - - - - 1 2 - 1 2 - - 2 2 _ . _ _ - . _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 12 60 _ 12 16 3 13 Women Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 2 b/_______________ Fabric lining 2 b/________ Leather lining 2 b/_______ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 2 b/________ 1 35 7 28 2. 15 2 . 19 2. 13 - _ 34 2. 35 - - - - - - 206 176 2 . 00 1.92 7 1 3 2 2 24 12 8 225 54 171 1.52 1.31 1. 58 65 32 33 16 6 6 22 22 105 109 116 2 . 08 - 1 - 1 1 1 2 4 4 - 1 2 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 6 17 15 17 17 22 22 13 13 18 18 15 15 6 6 11 11 11 _ - 5 3 4 4 _ 2 13 13 2 - 6 2 1 13 13 3 3 - 2 1 1 1 1 9 9 1 1 4 4 . - _ _ 5 5 _ _ 2 2 4 5 _ Fitting Fancy s t it c h e r s ____________ In c e n tiv e ________________ P asters, backers, or fitters , upper, h a n d ___ T im e ____________________ In c e n tiv e ________________ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings 2 b/ _______ Top stitchers 2 b/_________ Vam pers_____ ______ ________ Tim e.......................... ...... In c e n tiv e ______ ____ ____ 1 8 8 15 1 14 8 5 3 2 1 2 16 2 3 3 - 6 11 4 2 2 1 - 2 2 - - 29 29 2 4 3 7 5 105 1.40 2. 15 - 16 1.78 - 1 25 7 13 1.60 1.66 1.86 1 7 1.89 - - 1.71 1.73 1. 51 2. 05 1.91 _ - _ . . 2 2 2 2 2 2 - 3 _ 11 10 2 1 3 3 1.93 1.99 26 9 13 9 3 2 2 11 1 10 2 3 1 1 1 2 10 10 13 13 13 6 7 7 9 7 2 8 13 7 3 3 3 3 3 9 10 10 4 10 12 12 1 1 1 2 3 - _ - _ - 9 4 8 1 1 9 6 2 2 5 12 8 8 " - - 2 - . - _ - 2 4 4 _ 3 4 _ - _ _ . . _ 9 8 8 4 - - - 2 2 - - 1 - - - - - - 2 7 5 4 6 6 - 9 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pullover, machine 2 b/_______________ Bottoming and making Bottom fille r s 2 b/__________ Jointers, machine 2 b/______ ShanWprQ ^ h / | Sole leve le rs , machine 2 b/______________ . 3 - - - 5 ‘ “ 4 10 9 1 5 2 - _ 3 2 1 1 2 3 _ 1 - - - - - - - - . . _ _ _ _ - _ . . . - - 2 _ 3 5 _ 1 - - . 4 2 - 4 2 2 - 2 Finishing Bottom scou rers 2 b/ ______ R e p a ir e rs ___________________ T im e_____________________ In c e n tiv e ________________ T r e e rs 2 b / ________________ 12 66 39 27 50 - - 1 19 19 - 8 4 4 . 5 3 2 _ 2 2 _ 5 5 3 5 4 14 14 13 21 - 4 2 3 3 2 - 4 2 2 3 2 2 2 8 _ 5 Miscellaneous T 1nr»r girl s ^ a / T Inspectors (crow n ers) T im e ____________________ Janitors 2 a/_________________ 44 74 52 10 See footnotes at end o f table. 1.63 l ! 72 1.69 1.45 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 4 _ _ 2 4 4 3 1 9 9 5 6 4 23 7 2 2 9 5 - _ Table 18. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Dress Shoes----Wisconsin— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings ofNum- A v e r age $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 hourly $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 of w ork- earnand ings 1 ers $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 over $L30 $1 .35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 lL.9,0 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $ 2., 8-0 Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 2 b/______________ Fa bric "lining 2 b / ______ Leather lin in g*^/ _____ Cutters, vamp aricHvhole shoe, machine 2 b/ ______ 10 $2.41 2 . 80 2.05 182 2. 65 22 28 2. 36 2. 36 48 45 2. 72 2. 76 46 2. 54 53 48 2. 77 2 . 82 19 9 - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . - - - - 1 1 2 _ - - 2 2 4 - 3 2 - 2 2 1 1 - - 2 2 1 _ _ _ - - - “ - 2 3 - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - 1 - 1 1 _ . _ . 3 - 1 2 12 1 1 - - 2 2 2 2 - - - “ - - - " - - - - 24 14 15 13 11 3 4 6 6 2 1 2 ‘ - - 4 4 . 6 6 2 1 1 1 - 2 2 6 6 1 3 11 11 3 3 5 5 6 6 3 8 3 3 3 10 2 5 2 - - 6 1 - - - - - - - 1 - 5 - - 1 - 4 5 1 1 - 4 8 1 - - - - 2 2 - 1 - 1 1 - - - - 16 7 9 7 10 1 11 3 4 5 4 3 - Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pullover, machine 2 b/_____________ H eel-s ea t l a s t e r s 2 b/_____ Pullove r -machine operators _______________ In c e n tiv e ______________ Side lasters, m achine 2 b/............. ....... Toe la sters, automatic or sem iautom atic_______ Incentive_______________ 1 2 ' - 2 1 2 2 _ 2 3 1 - - - - 2 2 2 2 1 _ 3 - 2 2 - 6 4 1 1 6 6 2 5 3 3 2 5 3 3 8 8 11 _ 10 2 2 - I 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 - - - 1 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 6 6 “ - - 1 1 2 2 ' - - Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers 2 b/_........ Goodyear stitchers 2 b/— Heel attachers, machine 2 b/____________ H eel-s ea t fitters , machine 2 b/____________ Ins earners"^)/___________ Jointers, m achine 2 b/ ___ Rough rounders 2 b/TT---Sole leve le rs , machine 2 b/____________ 69 66 32 2 . 80 2 . 60 2 . 28 29 1.77 2. 73 1.96 2 . 61 15 21 20 2. 35 2. 58 2. 24 - - - _ _ . . _ _ _ 1.93 7 38 6 - - 1 1 2 - 2 1 _ . _ 2 1 2 _ - _ - 1 1 2 1 1 2 - - 3 - 4 - - 4 _ . 1 2 _ . _ 1 1 4 - - - - - - 2 3 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 - - 3 10 2 1 1 2 1 1 5 4 5 " - 2 3 7 3 2 3 2 12 1 1 2 - _ . 7 3 6 1 7 3 3 - 5 - - 2 1 1 4 2 1 1 " 3 - " - " " " ■ - - 2 2 2 12 1 2 5 2 2 - 2 3 1 ~ ~ 3 " - “ 1 1 “ - 2 - Finishing Bottom scou rers 2 b/ ________ Edge s e tte r s 2 b/____________ T r e e rs 2 b/__________________ 49 _ ' ' ' ' 4 - 1 2 - 1 1 _ 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 4 1 6 3 2 ' Miscellaneous __ Inspectors (crow n ers) 2 a/ Janitors 2 a/_________________ Mechanics, maintenance 2 a/------------- 34 27 20 2 . 12 1.54 2.43 1 - 14 2 1 2 4 1 2 2 6 1 9 4 2 3 4 “ ' “ 1 6 2 1 1 2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to warrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. - Table 19. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Goodyear-Welt Work Shoes— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States Department, occupation, and sex Number of w orkers 2 New England A verag e hourly earnings Number of w orkers G reat Lakes A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings $1. 71 1.65 Cutting Cutters, leather lining, machine___________ _ W om en_______________________ _________ Men ___________ ______ _____ _____ ___, Cu tters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ ___ Women ______ __ ________ __ _ Men __ ______________________ 71 46 25 405 69 336 $ 1 . 80 1. 74 1.92 2 . 20 1. 83 2 . 28 181 167 _ _ _ 78 7 71 _ . _ $2. 36 1. 89 2.41 18 13 _ 114 24 90 1. 62 10 1. 77 107 1. 72 1.44 61 1. 44 31 1.48 1. 83 1. 84 1.98 31 53 56 50 1. 78 1. 71 1. 89 1. 83 2 . 39 17 14 2. 46 2. 54 1.97 2. 14 2.49 1.99 2.62 Fitting Fancy stitchers (180 women and 1 man)_______ P a s te rs , backers, or fitters, upper, hand (163 women and 4 men)_____________________ __ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings (98 women and 1 man)_____ _ _ _ _ ___ Top stitchers (268 women and 2 men)_______ __ V a m p ers___ ______ _________ _____________ ____ W om en._______ ____ ____________ ____ _______ M en ___________________________ ______ _ 99 270 220 206 14 1. 66 21 1. 64 1. 74 1. 72 2 . 11 65 55 48 7 1.95 1.98 19 17 1.98 1.96 6 2. 07 2. 04 1.93 1.93 12 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pullover, m achine____________ Men _ _______ _ _ _ _ . ___ H eel-sea t la sters — ___ —____ ___ _________ __ Men _ _ P u llover-m a ch in e operators (80 men and 2 wom en)_________ __ Side la sters , machine (96 men and 2 women) ___________________________ _ T o e la sters , automatic or semiautomatic (106 men and 3 women)____ _________________ _ 84 75 43 37 1. 88 1.92 6 6 2 . 38 2 . 08 2 . 16 19 2 . 82 2 . 51 20 2. 34 93 145 1. 86 1.95 2. 55 2. 23 8 6 1. 88 2 . 01 25 30 2.71 2.41 54 83 75 2 . 09 2. 24 2 . 11 11 2 . 18 19 15 2. 31 1.54 1.60 1.46 1.47 82 98 109 16 7 23 2. 54 19 2.49 29 2. 51 13 _ 30 33 2 . 69 2. 77 2. 33 14 23 18 2 . 39 2.47 2. 35 . 17 - . 1.49 - 47 25 30 25 41 30 1.47 1.45 1. 58 1. 53 1. 71 1.48 2. 32 Bottoming and making Bottom fille r s ______ __ ____ _ _ _ __ __ M en __________________________________ . ____ Edge trim m ers (89 men and 4 women)_________ Goodyear stitchers (140 men and 5 women) H eel attachers, machine (51 men and 3 w om en). ________ _ ____________ _ _ Inseam ers (81 men and 2 women) _____ ________ Rough rounders (74 men and 1 woman) _ 33 22 1. 94 _ 2. 50 Finishing Edge setters (25 men and 1 woman) _ __ R ep airers (103 women and 8 m e n )___ _______ T r e e r s (58 women and 6 m e n )__________ _____ 26 111 64 10 2.51 1. 52 1.89 Miscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )________________________ ___ Women _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ T ___ T Inspectors (crow n ers) ______________________ ___ Women _ ________ _ ^ M en __ _______ ________ ___________ ____ ____ _ Janitors (83 men and 10 women)________________ M echanics, maintenance (a ll men)_____________ 1 2 114 86 172 123 49 93 71 1. 49 1.48 1.53 1. 38 2 . 16 11 8 13 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not m eet publication c rite ria . 46 34 37 28 9 25 22 1.47 1. 50 1. 52 1.45 1.77 1.43 2.40 Table 20. Occupational Earnings: Men’s Cement-Process Shoes— All Establishments 1 0 00 (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings' of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States Departm ent, occupation, and sex Number of workers 2 1 New England A verag e hourly earnings Number of w orkers Great Lakes A vera g e hourly earnings Number of workers $ 2 . 28 2. 99 2. 05 3. 07 168 103 65 A verag e hourly earnings Cutting Cu tters, leather lining, machine (22 men and 4 w om en )_________________________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ W om en ________________________________________ M e n ------------------------------------------------------- 26 407 216 191 $ 2 . 06 2. 25 1. 74 2. 83 262 1.51 75 1. 66 47 1. 36 199 1. 54 54 1. 50 109 1.64 128 191 312 1. 68 1. 82 1. 64 40 89 140 56 74 126 1. 67 1. 70 1. 80 16 137 11 126 8 $1. 2. 2. 2. 78 17 05 37 Fitting Fancy stitchers (a ll w om en )---------------------- P a s te r s , backers, or fitters , upper, hand (a ll w om en )____________________________________ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (126 women and 2 m en)________________________ Top stitchers (a ll w om en )______________________ V am pers (302 women and 10 m e n )_____________ 1. 82 1. 80 1.97 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m achine____________ W om en_______________ ________________________ M en ___________________________________________ H eel-sea t la s t e r s _______________________________ W om en________________________________________ M en _________ ______________________________ P u llover-m a ch in e operators (43 men and 12 women) . .._____________________________ Side la sters, machine (a ll m e n )________________ T o e la sters , automatic or semiautomatic (67 men and 6 w om en )_________________________ 73 18 55 47 12 35 55 37 73 1 80 1. 63 1. 85 2. 04 1. 74 2. 14 2. 28 36 31 15 _ 15 2 . 01 2 . 02 2. 04 2. 04 37 13 24 24 8 1. 59 1.49 1. 65 2 . 20 1. 80 16 2. 40 16 2. 15 2 . 88 1. 94 19 - 2. 48 - 2. 23 15 1.94 38 16 10 - 2. 56 2. 29 1. 53 - 68 9 12 8 2 . 28 37 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers (a ll m e n )_______________________ H eel attachers, machine (a ll men)__ ___________ Shankers_________________________________________ M e n _______________________ __________ ______ Sole attachers, cement process (61 men and 22 women) _ _ ____ _____________ ____ 114 31 2 . 68 14 1.95 1. 67 1. 68 83 1.97 22 28 83 1. 63 1. 52 38 2. 04 1. 49 1. 46 1.48 1.43 1. 50 1.46 1.61 1.40 2. 15 50 33 17 93 69 24 24 ~ 1. 50 1. 50 1. 49 1. 48 1. 44 1.61 1. 38 " 22 1.50 1.79 1. 83 2 . 13 Finishing Bottom scou rers (24 men and 4 women)._______ R ep airers (81 women and 2 men)_______________ 12 12 17 1. 34 1. 66 M iscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )____________________________ W om en_____ ___________ _____ __ __ __________ _ M en _______ ________________ ______ _________ _ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )__________________________ W om en________________________________________ M en ____ ______ _________________ ________ ___ _ Janitors (51 men and 1 w om an)________________ M echan ics, maintenance (a ll men)_____________ 1 2 100 67 33 197 147 50 52 30 Excludes premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication c rite ria . 28 22 88 62 26 14 18 1. 50 1. 52 1. 54 1.51 1. 61 1.46 2 . 11 Table 21. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— All Establishments (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings United States2 Department, occupation, and sex 1 of workers New England in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) Middle Atlantic B order States Southwest G reat Lakes Middle West Pacific Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage of hourly hourly of hourly hourly hourly hourly of hourly of of of hourly of of workers earnings workers earnings workers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings Cutting Cutters, fabric lining, machine-------------------471 114 W om en---------------------------------------- — M en ------------------------------------------------------357 Cutters, leather lining, machine------------------431 W om en ______ ________________ ________________ 199 M en __ ______ __ ____ _______ ____________ _____ 232 C u tters, vamp and whole shoe, hand-------------399 Women -_______ ____ ___ ___ _______ _________ __ 68 M en ------------------------------------------------------331 Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine--------- 2, 199 Women ____________ _________ ___________ _ 479 M en ------------------------------------------------------- 1,720 $ 2.20 1.76 2.34 1.98 1.75 2. 17 2.59 1.89 2.73 2.41 1.92 2. 55 68 205 16 189 105 9 96 28 27 948 63 885 $2. 57 2 . 10 2.69 2.35 1.92 2.39 2. 53 2 . 50 2.78 1.95 2.84 1, 332 1, 310 1.90 1.90 2.04 1. 57 1.57 1.83 1.84 2.04 2.04 2.09 1.83 1.83 557 465 92 487 468 175 142 236 192 44 232 19 49 49 9 40 131 131 359 127 232 $1.97 1.76 2. 05 2.62 2 . 10 2.74 3.01 3.01 2.08 1.91 2 . 18 _ 141 87 54 $ 1.61 1.54 1. 51 1.61 _ 1.91 1.79 2 . 10 8 11 15 11 20 1.80 1.65 2. 58 1.59 1. 55 1.82 1.60 1.95 1.70 3.05 1.67 1.61 154 154 105 105 51 51 114 114 39 39 1. 50 1. 50 1.45 1.45 1.47 1.47 1.52 1.52 1.48 1.48 61 61 - 36 22 34 22 19 15 _ 64 25 39 $1.89 1.48 2 . 19 1. 55 1.50 1.37 1.37 _ 2 . 10 1.75 2. 33 57 32 25 88 6 66 20 82 46 294 73 221 $2.06 1.83 2. 35 1.71 1.72 1.66 2.34 1.96 2. 51 2.39 2 . 20 2.45 55 14 41 106 58 48 6 6 11 31 90 225 76 149 $1.98 1.73 2.08 1.74 1.74 1.74 2. 53 2.05 2.70 2.08 1.92 2 . 16 1. 56 1. 56 1.55 1. 55 1.62 1.62 1.67 1.67 1.52 1.52 70 29 41 33 32 16 121 13 13 37 34 $ 1.86 - 1.86 2. 52 2.67 2.67 2. 58 2.59 Fitting Fancy stitch ers__________________________________ W om en __ ____ ____ ___ ________________________ _ M en _ _ ____ P a s te rs , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand-----W om en ----- ---- ----------------------------------S kivers, machine, uppers o r linings----------W o m en _____ _____ __ _______ __ ___________ ____ Top stitch ers----- --------------------------------W om en ___________________ __ _____ __________ _ M en _______ ____________________ ____________ V a m p ers----------------------------------------------------W om en --------------- ------ ------------------------- 3,270 3, 110 160 2 , 118 2,095 790 742 2,050 1,921 129 779 743 1.75 1.72 2.35 1. 55 1. 54 1.71 1.65 828 828 238 228 956 913 43 271 262 903 153 750 2.26 1.94 2.32 368 54 314 2.64 2. 53 2.65 140 29 2.05 1.79 2 . 11 54 28 26 1. 51 1.35 1.68 29 26 804 410 2.68 2.00 410 158 2.92 2.25 109 2.36 1.75 49 18 2.09 1. 73 25 13 24 37 32 32 1.66 1.86 1.82 2.38 1.68 12 212 86 86 14 14 60 60 - 1.33 1. 33 _ 1. 36 1.36 1.44 1.44 1.42 1.42 _ _ 524 515 227 227 105 105 236 233 124 124 1.64 1.63 1. 57 1. 57 1.64 1.63 1.53 1. 53 427 427 259 259 138 138 297 297 52 52 108 7 101 2.36 1.97 2.39 134 19 115 2.07 1.79 2 . 11 19 19 2.47 2.47 126 49 2 . 10 2. 58 75 54 2.61 1.89 15 1.79 2. 15 94 2.44 100 2.52 2. 14 2.01 2.01 145 37 37 2.42 2.42 2.42 156 127 127 2.14 2.46 2.46 _ - 42 39 115 1.65 1.65 2.30 2.36 2.06 2.19 126 123 37 34 2.07 1.94 2.05 1.78 1.64 1.85 44 36 43 18 25 - 1.66 1.66 11 56 19 16 9 1.94 1.83 2.01 1.72 1.71 1.70 1.67 1.90 1.85 - 2 . 12 1.97 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m achine---------------W omen —------------------------------------------------M e n ------------------------------------------------------Bed-m achine operators (800 men and 4 wom en)--------------------------------------------H eel-s ea t lasters (395 men and 15 wom en)-----P u llover-m ach in e operators (719 men and 1 woman)----- ------------------------------------Side la sters, machine (1,097 men and 7 wom en)--------------------------------------------T oe la sters , automatic o r sem iautom atic------M en ------------------------------------------------------- 111 86 720 2.64 293 3. 02 127 2.43 39 1.99 1, 104 727 711 2. 50 2.51 2.52 499 252 252 2.89 3.01 3.01 152 180 164 2.28 2. 15 2. 15 56 22 22 1.68 178 153 645 614 405 381 1.63 1.57 2.43 2.46 2. 14 2. 17 16 16 1.71 1.71 2.76 2.77 2.42 2.43 1.61 1.46 2. 58 2.69 2.06 2.08 15 14 40 40 16 16 47 204 176 373 109 264 2.07 1.71 1.90 1.90 1.64 1.65 2.01 1.94 8 12 7 7 3.00 2.46 3. 10 3. 10 Bottoming and making Bottom fille r s - ------------------------------------------Women __________-____ ________________ _____ _ Edge tr im m e r s -------------------------------------------M en ------------------ ----------------------------H eel attachers, machine________________________ Men —_________ ____ __ ________________ ________ _ H eel-s ea t fitte rs , machine (43 men and 4 wom en)----------- -------------- ------- - _. Rough rounders-------------------------------------------Men - --------------------------------------------------- Shankers__________________________________________ W om en ______ _____ _________ ___ ___ _______ M en --------- ---- --------------------------------_ Sole attachers, cement p r o c e s s --------------Women ___________________ ________ ____ ________ Men __ __________________ ____________________ See footnotes at end o f table. 922 100 822 1.93 2.01 1.66 1.73 2.31 1.83 2.36 211 206 144 141 6 47 43 175 48 127 417 23 394 2. 19 2.30 2.29 1.74 1.73 1.74 2.62 2.29 2.64 60 47 75 68 108 104 24 24 60 18 42 152 11 141 2. 19 2.19 1.69 1.47 1.79 2 . 18 1.77 2.21 10 15 - 9 44 6 38 1.44 1.42 2.03 2.03 1.66 1.66 1.45 1.56 - 1.60 1.67 1.46 1.71 _ 26 26 15 14 2.00 2.00 1.63 1.66 - - 11 10 32 7 25 1.66 _ 1.61 1.76 1. 57 1.81 102 60 47 15 42 36 46 15 31 107 - 76 2.00 2 . 16 21 20 102 7 95 1.72 1.74 2.29 2 . 29 1.95 1.98 1.83 1.87 1.62 1.66 1.59 2.14 2.14 2. 14 8 9 8 9 9 - 6 6 9 . 8 25 _ 12 2 . 12 2.37 2.49 2.34 2.34 2.61 2.61 2.03 - 1.95 2.23 - 2.66 Table 21. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— All Establishments— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States2 Department, occupation, and sex New England Middle Atlantic Number A verage Number Average Number hourly of of hourly of w orkers earnings workers earnings w orkers B order States Southwest Great: Lakes Middle West P a cific A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage Number A verage hourly hourly of hourly of of hourly of hourly of hourly earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings w orkers earnings Finishing 18 9 Bottom s c o u re r s -----------------------------------------174 M en -------.-----------------------------------------------330 Edge s etters-----------------------------------------------316 M en ---- ------------------------------------------------R e p a ir e r s --------------------------------------------------- 1,931 W om en------------------------------------------------- — 1,853 T r e e r s -------- --------------------------------------------- 1,417 W om en--------------------------------------------------749 M en -------------------------------------------------------- 68 6 $2. 16 $2.05 . 18 2. 63 2.36 46 34 107 98 999 994 512 39 473 1. 51 1. 55 1.44 1. 55 1.50 1. 67 1.38 1.39 . 22 518 324 194 384 244 140 107 104 48 1.45 1.46 1.44 1.52 1.47 1.62 1. 32 1.32 22 .2 2.47 2.49 1.58 1.53 20 .0 18 .6 2 28 .6 1. 50 1. 50 2.43 2.08 2.46 46 46 52 52 335 275 157 96 61 $2.39 2.39 2.84 2. 84 1.79 1. 50 1.89 1. 54 2.43 7 6 16 16 56 56 91 61 30 $1.63 1.57 . 20 2 20 .2 1.74 1. 74 1.64 1. 54 1.84 1 0 6 7 7 75 74 80 76 ' $1.67 1.95 1.83 1.83 1.41 1.41 1. 59 1.61 " 65 38 27 38 32 1.37 1. 35 1.40 1.42 1.41 31 31 8 6 83 160 158 20 2 167 53 $2. 11 . 11 . 16 . 16 1.67 2 2 2 16 .6 1.87 1.77 2. 15 38 37 57 55 203 203 267 228 39 $2. 22 2. 23 2. 36 2. 38 1.60 1.60 1.75 1.70 158 113 45 192 156 36 67 60 49 1.44 1.43 1.45 1. 52 1. 50 1.59 1. 34 1. 34 . 10 21 .0 6 - - 40 39 8 - - $2.76 _ - 16 .6 16 .6 1.99 - - M iscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )------------------------------------- 1,234 803 W om en________________________________________ 431 M en -------------------------------------------------------Inspectors (c r o w n e r s )---------------------------------- 1, 171 830 W om en--------------------------------------------------341 M en -------------------------------------------------------388 Janitors------------------------------------------------------371 M en -------------------------------------------------------270 Mechanics, maintenance (a ll men) ---------------- 2 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and for work on weekends, 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: 26 .6 21 1 109 12 0 20 1 10 2 90 91 87 54 1.81 2 19 . 1.40 1. 51 1.43 1.62 1.40 1.41 2. 24 holidays, and late shifts. Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication c rite ria . 57 49 79 71 8 28 26 28 1.39 1. 38 - 1.48 1.45 1.70 1.29 1.29 1.82 - 1 1 1 1 17 - 1. 31 1. 31 2.07 140 116 24 193 150 43 59 58 52 1. 50 1.48 1. 57 1.74 16 .6 21 .0 1. 53 1. 53 . 22 2 2 33 2 2 1 1 16 - 9 9 1. 53 1. 53 1.52 1.65 - 1.64 1.64 Table 22. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— By Size of Establishment (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States New England Middle Atlantic Establishments with— Sex, department, and occupation 50— 249 w orkers Average Number of hourly w orkers earnings 250 workers or m ore Number A verage of hour ly w orkers earnings 56-249 w orkers Number A verag e of hourly w orkers earnings 250 w orkers or m ore Number A verage of hourly w orkers earning s 50-249 w orkers A verag e Number of hourly w orkers earnings 256 w orkers or m ore Number A verage of hourly w orkers earnings Women Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ 54 $1.83 425 $1.93 445 374 129 247 132 1.78 1.58 1.65 1.89 1.75 2,665 1,721 613 1,674 1. 71 1. 54 1. 67 . 81 1. 63 235 137 39 348 104 . 89 1. 55 1,505 645 133 144 2. 05 1. 45 57 $1.94 13 $2. 23 114 $1. 87 53 $1.93 1. 64 1. 84 . 09 1. 87 1,075 691 189 793 209 1. 89 1. 55 1. 84 2. 03 1.82 132 30 45 38 1.71 1. 56 1. 51 1. 74 1. 76 379 336 12 1 147 174 1. 63 1. 55 . 62 1.69 1. 58 1. 53 1.70 183 - 1. 51 - 811 35 1. 50 2. 15 57 25 1.69 . 68 218 71 1.45 1.49 670 1.45 1. 51 41 45 1.47 1.49 283 199 1.46 1.47 2 2 _ _ 1. 40 81 98 1.47 1.44 2. 54 289 178 1,451 2. 38 2. 04 2. 55 38 16 145 2. 37 . 68 2.77 151 80 740 17 19 41 . 09 2.99 2. 34 32 2. 03 2. 52 2. 14 2.43 2.91 1.95 2.74 2.63 2.50 619 678 319 601 949 628 2. 30 2. 64 2. 03 2.61 2.48 2. 52 52 74 27 45 71 24 2. 75 3. 01 2.09 3. 18 2.91 2.97 262 334 131 247 427 228 2 90 . 2 28 . 2.99 2 88 . 30 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 73 49 130 2.64 2. 33 1.73 2.50 514 308 215 62 9 2. 42 2. 13 1. 73 2. 34 39 33 24 63 2.50 1. 54 2. 51 167 108 103 331 2. 74 2.41 1.79 2. 67 2 2 8 56 91 2. 85 2. 33 260 577 2.41 2. 37 54 2. 76 . 26 2 78 419 26 .6 2 2 2.49 31 1.46 355 284 295 241 1.44 1.62 1. 37 . 20 1. 50 16 23 " 174 124 81 44 1.44 1.62 1. 32 2. 64 31 25 28 7 Fitting Fancy stitchers ___ . .. ____ ____ _ __ _____ P a s te rs , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand-----Skivers, machine, uppers or linings______ _____ Top stitch ers____________ ... ________ _______ ____ V a m pers----------------------------------------------------- 61 1 1 10 2 2 8 6 1 Finishing R e p a ir e r s ________________________________________ T r e e r s ---- ---------- ----- ------------ .. ----- 1 1 M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls _______ _________ _____ __ ... ..... Inspectors (crow n ers) ______ _______ _____ 66 8 Men Cutting Cutters, fa b ric lining, m ach in e________________ Cu tters, leather lining, machine..__ _______ ____ C u tters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ 6 8 54 269 2 18 . 261 . 2 28 .6 2. 34 2. 85 2 2 1 191 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r p u llover, m ach in e.____ _______ Bed-machine o p era to rs_____ . ____ ___ _____ H eel-sea t la sters .. ____ ___...__ _____ P u llover-m a ch in e opera tors________ ____ ____ Side la sters , m ach in e___ ___ ______ _____ T o e la sters , automatic or sem iautom atic.____ 131 12 2 76 118 148 83 2. 64 3. 02 2 2 23 39 31 23 30 04 03 58 52 58 8 6 60 8 8 16 1 141 2. 05 . 19 1. 64 2. 36 2. 23 . 08 3. 22 2.43 2.51 2. 76 51 82 34 108 2.51 1.98 1.62 2. 04 3. 09 2.59 30 30 1.42 71 65 59 47 81 2 2 Bottoming and making Edge t r im m e r s ______ ____ ___ _________ __________ H eel attachers, machine------------- -------- ......... Shankers.. — ...__ ___ ____ ____ Sole attachers, cem ent p r o c e s s __ _____________ 10 0 2 88 . 17 33 Finishing Edge setters ... T reers __ ___ _ __ . ___ _______ ___ _______ ____ 2 0 2 66 . 2. 27 M iscellaneous hnye Inspectors (crow n ers) _______ ____ ____ ______ _ .Tanitors .......... _ __ M echanics, maintenance____ ___________________ See footnotes at end o f table. 76 57 76 29 189 . 1.44 2.43 2 2 0 162 . 1. 33 “ 2 16 . 1. 52 2. 50 1. 39 1.41 1. 35 . 20 2 9 Table 22. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— By Size of Establishment— Continued 8 (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) Border States Southwest Great Lakes Middle West Establishments with— Sex, department, and occupation 250 workers or m ore A verage Number hourly of w orkers earnings 50— 249 workers A verage Number of hourly w orkers earnings 250 w orkers or m ore A verage Number hourly of w orkers earnings 250 w orkers or m ore Number A verag e hourly of w orkers ea rning s 50-249 w orkers Number A verage hourly of w orkers earnings 250 w orkers or m ore Number A verag e of hourly workers earnings 6(5-249 w orkers A verag e Number of hourly w orkers earnings Women Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ 72 $1.90 13 $1. 57 73 $2. 20 $1. 39 _ 1. 54 - 41 83 _ 38 - 1. 30 1. 36 _ 1. 35 - 512 217 96 228 10 2 . 62 1. 58 . 60 . 62 1. 54 1. 32 1. 35 53 58 1.45 1. 69 148 152 1. 67 1. 79 1. 43 1. 34 28 17 1. 33 1.48 108 131 168 . 1 1 2 19 . 25 _ 205 2. 50 2. 35 . 61 2. 17 2.45 2. 40 2.42 74 $1.92 Fitting Fancy stitch ers_____________________ _____________ P a s te r s , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand__... Skivers, machine, uppers or linings___ ___ Top stitch ers.. __ , , V am pers_______________________________ __________ 12 2 95 42 104 34 1. 53 1.46 1.49 1. 52 1.47 47 46 l. 82 l. 57 45 6 6 1. 39 1. 45 _ 53 2 11 . 2 0 _ 2 2 - 1 1 1 33 23 17 17 13 $1.49 1. 54 1. 48 . 62 1. 58 1 394 236 11 2 280 39 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 57 55 64 67 50 29 32 39 - 1 1 19 9 $1. 83 1. 71 1. 67 1. 85 1.97 Finishing R ep airers - _ _ ___ ___ _____ __ T r e e r s -------------------------------------------------------- 2 1 18 2 0 1. 64 1.47 183 16 22 1 1. 59 1. 72 17 16 1.42 1. 38 96 140 1. 44 1. 51 7 15 2. 07 2. 23 37 41 134 1. 83 . 19 . 79 . 08 103 71 48 90 141 117 2. 15 . 60 1. 87 2. 56 2. 17 2. 49 108 33 23 87 2. 32 1.99 . 61 . 19 8 8 1 2 2 39 . 16 .6 - M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls - ___ _ _ ______ _ _ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )________________ _______ _ 1 0 15 1. 49 2 2 - 1. 53 - Men Cutting Cutters, fabric lining, m ach in e___________ ____ Cutters, leather lining, machine_______________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ - - 38 _ 2. 34 2. 35 - 2 11 . 168 . 2. 15 6 34 186 . 2 59 . - Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m a ch in e...__________ Bed-machine op era to rs________________________ _ H eel-sea t la s t e r s __________________________ _____ P u llover-m ach in e o p era to rs____________________ Side la sters , m achine___________________________ To e la sters , automatic or semiautomatic 24 43 1 1 35 55 2 1 1. 69 2 02 . 1. 83 2 00 . 166 . 1.93 5 _ - 6 1 1 1. 64 _ . 11 1. 64 2 2 1 25 1 0 2 0 166 . 2 01 . 2. 04 2 11 . 31 - 2. 14 - 94 117 43 91 134 34 2 0 1 1 1 0 2 01 . 1. 76 161 . 181 . 97 47 30 71 2. 2. 1. 2. 80 53 2. 14 2. 15 24 39 54 52 1. 57 2. 03 1. 53 . 22 2 1 2 - 1 0 1 0 15 2 1 2 2 19 - 1 1 8 1 2 7 2. 47 1.93 3. 00 2. 46 3. 10 Bottoming and making Edge tr im m e r s _______________________ __________ Heel attachers, machine_______________ ____ _____ Shanke r s____________________ ___________ _______ _ Sole attachers, cement p r o c e s s ________________ 33 15 7 33 2. 09 . 68 1.69 1. 70 15 30 2. 17 1. 84 1 6 - 1. 97 _ 25 33 19 85 14 15 - 8 2 11 . 1. 56 1 2 9 249 . 2. 34 1.95 2 66 . Finishing T r e e r s __________________________________ _________ - . - ■ 53 37 - - 2. 03 - M iscellaneous F lo o r b o y s _________________________ _______ ___ ___ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )____ _____________ ________ _ Janitors__________________ __________________ ______ M echan ics, maintenance______________....__ _____ . 7 24 25 _ 1. 57 1. 29 . 82 1 _ _ - - 8 ‘ " - - 13 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication c rite ria . - 1. 29 1. 83 2 _ 7 . - 1.97 43 30 56 42 1. 45 1. 58 1. 34 . 12 2 1 1 - 9 1. 52 1. 64 “ Table 23. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— By Size of Community (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States 2 Sex, department, and occupation Metropolitan areas Number A verage of hourly w orkers earnings New England Nonmetropolitan areas Number A verage of hourly w orkers earnings Metropolitan areas Number A verag e of hourly w orkers earnings Middle Atlantic Nonmetropolitan areas Number A vera g e of hourly w orkers earnings Metropolitan areas Number A verag e of hourly w orkers earnings Nonmetropolitan areas Number A verage of hourly w orkers earnings Women Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, m achine.______ 8 132 $1.94 347 $1.91 1,447 916 349 812 347 1.79 1.59 1.75 1.90 1.71 1,663 1, 179 393 1, 109 396 1. 65 1. 50 1. 59 1. 77 . 60 718 340 127 440 885 248 1. 58 1.70 1.48 1. 67 481 501 299 318 1. 77 1.48 504 512 1.42 1. 51 98 109 177 128 812 2. 46 2. 40 2. 67 180 104 908 341 325 188 306 494 330 2.48 2. 71 2. 04 2. 85 2.72 2.76 409 475 207 413 603 381 247 219 123 373 2.77 . 26 1.85 2. 56 172 370 2.75 2. 40 28 9 $2. 26 108 $1. 90 19 47 3 141 $1.93 1. 55 1. 87 2. 07 1. 84 379 391 115 159 182 1. 67 1. 57 . 62 1.74 . 62 77 27 33 30 1.59 1. 79 513 28 2 20 . 1. 42 247 87 1. 50 1. 54 1. 55 1.46 226 135 1.42 1.48 97 90 2.93 76 27 416 2. 54 2. 84 2. 73 41 40 204 2. 72 2.97 2. 37 3. 21 2.97 3. 24 158 238 77 168 229 123 $1.95 Fitting Fancy stitch ers___________________________ ___ _ P a s te r s , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand..___ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings___ ________ Top stitchers ____ ____________ __________ _ V a m p e r s ___________ _ _ ___________ 1 11 2 188 . 159 . 182 . 2 00 . 182 . 592 488 11 0 1 1 8 6 1. 55 1. 47 1. 51 1. 53 1. 55 Finishing R e p a ir e rs _________ ._________ ...._______ _________ T r e e r s ___________________________________________ 98 6 1 1 M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls ______________ ___________________ _____ Inspectors (crow n ers) . ......_______ ________ __ ___ 2 29 . 1 2 1. 44 30 2. 04 2. 74 2. 23 _ 28 1. 42 1. 40 Men Cutting Cu tters, fabric lining, machine ...._____ _______ C u tters, leather lining, machine_______________ C u tters, vamp and \^hole shoe, machine___ __ _ 2 22 . 1. 90 2.43 113 69 469 2 66 . 2 22 . 8 2 12 . _ 181 . Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m achine__________ _ Bed-machine operators ______ _____ ________ H eel-s eat la s t e r s ____________ ___ _____... .__ _ P u llo ver -machine o p era to rs_______ ______ ...____ Side la sters , m ach in e__________ ____________ ____ T o e la sters , automatic or sem iautom atic____ 2 19 . 266 . 1.99 2.47 2. 32 2. 31 156 170 81 124 269 129 367 162 141 449 2. 24 2. 04 1. 63 . 20 117 89 54 195 2. 48 1.91 2. 76 144 2 18 . 75 277 2. 64 2.43 90 77 64 15 1.45 1. 74 1. 34 2.77 2 2 2 2 2 16 . . 59 . 89 2. 13 . 88 . 79 2. 78 96 94 72 109 127 131 89 52 73 199 2. 69 2. 34 . 62 2. 53 55 90 39 16 1 2. 13 1. 83 2. 31 16 9 23 2. 79 2. 50 46 61 2.91 2.43 104 63 40 33 1.44 1. 47 1. 31 2.61 90 83 74 40 1.42 1. 64 1.41 2. 29 2.42 1. 75 2.48 2. 37 . 22 2 15 14 1 1 18 2 0 33 1.83 2.03 1. 72 . 11 1.78 1. 87 2 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers __ ______________________ ____ H eel a ttach ers. machine___________ ________ Shankers_____________________ ___ __ __ ___ ___ _____ Sole attachers. cem ent p r o c e s s ____ ____ _ __ 2 2 282 . 1 2 82 . 13 14 _ 26 2 12 . 1.72 _ 1.74 Finishing Edg e s ette rs __ _____________________ . T r e e r s ------------------------------------------------------- 2. 32 _ - M iscellaneous F lo o r b o y s____ _______________ ________... .___ Inspectors (crow n ers) ---------------------- ___ J a n i t o r s ______________ _ _ —, . _ r Mechanic s , maintenance________ _______ ____ __ See footnotes at end o f table, 20 2 190 197 84 1.44 1. 72 1. 38 2. 35 21 1 151 174 186 1.44 160 . 139 . 2 16 . 1 2 1. 32 13 14 1. 39 2. 09 _ _ 8 Table 23. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— By Size of Community— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) Border States Sex, department, and occupation Southwest Nonmetropolitan areas A verage Number of hourly earnings w orkers Nonmetropolitan areas Number A verage hourly of ea rnings w orkers Great Lakes Metropolitan areas Number A verage hourly of w orkers earnings M iddle West Nonmetropolitan areas Number A verage hourly of w orkers earnings Metropolitan areas Number A verag e of hourly w orkers earnings P a cific Nonmetropolitan areas Number A verag e of hourly w orkers earnings Metropolitan areas Number A verag e of hourly w orkers earnings Women Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ 82 $1.79 25 Fancy stitch ers__________________________________ P a s te rs , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand____ Skivers, machine, uppers o r linings___________ Top stitch ers_____________________________________ V am pers__________________________________________ 118 90 42 74 31 1.46 1.45 1.46 1.45 1. 47 61 14 60 - 1. 33 1. 36 1.44 1. 42 - 41 24 1. 76 1. 42 74 76 1. 61 40 59 1.40 1.46 38 32 . 35 _ 11 2 . 00 70 $1. 75 Fitting 86 112 Finishing R e p a ir e rs ________________________________________ T r e e r s -------------------------------------------------------- 47 24 39 21 $ 2 . 16 $ 1 . 86 1. 81 2. 03 1. 86 - 403 180 105 194 112 1. 56 1. 51 1. 66 1. 58 1. 50 1.99 74 164 58 55 106 12 $1. 72 1.73 1. 83 1. 86 1. 77 $1.91 263 1. 46 1. 50 1.48 1. 57 1.45 29 32 83 191 40 39 - 201 39 1.90 137 128 1. 61 1. 74 70 59 1. 62 1. 86 133 169 1. 59 1. 65 1. 35 1.41 23 43 1. 60 1. 56 93 107 1. 46 1. 68 50 38 1.45 1. 56 63 118 1. 42 1. 48 2 . 19 2. 33 2.42 39 38 2. 38 2 . 33 2 . 61 30 40 117 1.95 1. 62 2. 04 1. 72 2. 15 1. 78 1. 82 1. 64 1.90 26 25 2 . 01 20 2 . 66 24 37 32 25 7 13 29 2. 52 1. 83 2 . 82 2. 76 3. 12 2.48 1. 83 2.92 2 . 50 2.91 75 1.98 2. 15 2. 14 2 . 01 1.92 2. 52 1.90 2 . 28 2 . 00 2. 19 1.99 1. 73 1. 71 1. 74 26 14 2. 30 1. 87 1. 41 M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls _______________________________________ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )________________________ _ 11 19 9 22 - $1. 83 1.71 1. 67 1. 85 1.97 1. 66 - 1. 53 - Men Cutting Cutters, fabric lining, m ach in e________________ Cutters, leather lining, machine_______________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, m achine.______ - - _ - 23 2. 34 - 183 - 11 8 2.46 32 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 40 6 - 34 1 . 86 2 . 59 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m ach in e_____________ Bed-machine o p e ra to rs _________________________ H eel-sea t la s t e r s ________________________________ P u llover-m ach in e operators-------------------------Side la sters , m achine___________________________ T o e la sters , automatic or sem iautom atic_____ 22 29 11 30 45 22 11 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers ...________________ ___________ ____ H eel attachers, machine____________________ ____ Shankftrs _ _ _ Sole attachers, cement p r o c e s s ..__________ ____ Finishing Edge setters____ _______ _____________________ — T r e e r s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 13 6 29 10 28 1. 65 8 17 9 7 25 2 . 00 1.66 1. 61 1. 81 11 2. 64 2 . 18 2. 05 2. 58 7 1. 83 18 2 . 61 10 - - 81 101 41 81 115 - 32 59 14 38 34 85 38 24 65 2. 30 2 . 19 1.79 2. 09 65 50 2. 03 2. 14 - 14 37 42 48 42 14 10 21 22 23 68 39 63 114 79 7 2. 47 1.93 3. 00 2.46 3. 10 2.49 2. 34 1.95 2 . 66 19 - 11 8 12 2. 75 2. 05 1. 61 2.48 15 74 2. 05 1.93 1. 58 2. 04 8 8 12 2. 85 2. 14 33 16 2. 07 1 . 81 - 1.48 1. 56 1. 35 2. 23 28 30 34 37 1.43 1 . 60 1. 33 2 . 06 81 20 9 - M iscellaneous F lo o r b o y s ___ ______________ _______ . . . ____ . . . _____ _____ . . . . Inspectors (c r o w n e rs ).. -------------- ---------------------- ----- ----Janitors __________________________________________________________ M echan ics , maintenance _____ _____ _____ 1 2 . . _ . 1. 27 - 18 22 1 - 29 82 11 17 1.40 - 1. 31 2. 07 . 12 12 6 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not meet publication c rite ria . . 2. 24 1.40 2. 25 22 31 46 46 1 . 60 1.92 1. 57 2 . 22 17 6 12 26 11 - 9 " 1. 52 - 1. 64 " Table 24. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— By Size of Establishment and Size of Community (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 2 New England Middle Atlantic G reat Lakes Middle West Establishments with— Sex, department, occupation, and community size 250 w orkers 50-249 o r m ore w orkers Num A v e r Num A ver ber age ber age of of hourly hourly w ork earn w ork earn ers ings ers ings 50-249 w orkers Num A v e r ber age of hourly w ork earn ers ings 250 w orkers or m ore Num A v e r ber age hourly of w ork earn ers ings 50-249 w orkers Num A v e r ber age of hourly w ork earn ers ings 250 w orkers 250 w orkers or m ore or m ore A v e r Num A v e r Num ber age ber age of hourly of hourly w ork earn w ork earn ers ings ers ings 50-249 w orkers Num A ver ber age of hourly w ork earn ers ings 250 workers or m ore Num A ver ber age hourly of w ork earn ers ings Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s _______________ __ 20 112 100 34 $2. 17 1. 64 313 $1.90 1. 94 270 175 1. 89 1. 62 1, 177 1,488 1. 85 1. 66 160 75 $1.94 1.91 558 517 $2 . 02 1.93 60 - $ 1. 82 - 120 1. 58 1. 56 662 1,059 1.60 1. 50 79 58 1. 55 1.75 430 261 1. 60 102 1. 53 1. 62 - 84 45 1. 74 1.49 265 348 1. 60 1.75 30 9 1. 86 1.78 97 92 124 123 1.93 1. 85 688 986 1. 89 1. 76 62 58 232 116 1. 60 1. 43 653 852 1. 58 1.49 122 60 44 1. 66 1. 39 188 457 1. 71 1. 70 75 58 2. 53 1.42 224 446 1. 51 1.42 17 24 1.49 1.45 83 61 1. 47 1.43 235 451 1.49 1. 53 25 20 52 16 2 . 18 2 . 18 125 164 2. 58 2. 23 30 8 186 83 2.51 2.59 626 825 2. 72 2.42 94 51 $ 1. 86 70 $ 2 . 16 72 $1.91 159 235 1. 72 1.46 1.46 55 181 1.71 1.51 1. 46 49 72 1. 87 1.49 1. 88 Fitting Fancy stitchers: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __________________ P a s te r s , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand; M etropolitan a r e a s __________ ___________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s _____________ ____ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s ___________ ______ Top stitchers: M etropolitan a r e a s ______________________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s _______________ __ 254 2 . 01 2. 17 378 415 1. 53 1.47 359 452 1. 80 1. 88 2 . 00 2 . 06 23 24 319 60 1. 64 1.59 109 403 1.84 1. 56 28 289 47 1. 55 1. 53 41 176 1.85 1. 52 20 1. 54 - 92 20 1.64 1. 54 18 78 1. 86 1. 55 11 1. 94 135 1. 70 192 36 1. 81 - _ $1.45 _ _ _ 11 . 100 1. 58 1.65 180 15 133 2. 05 1. 62 17 1. 60 67 116 1. 58 27 125 1.99 1.74 13 1.44 56 156 1. 87 1.67 1.41 48 48 1.45 1.42 36 104 1. 57 1.49 1. 56 Finishing R ep airers: M etropolitan a r e a s _________________ _____ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______________ ___ T r e e rs : M etropolitan a r e a s _______ ____ ___________ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s ________ _________ 61 _ _ 1. 61 1.41 55 " 1. 70 - 1.95 19 1. 75 7 28 2 . 20 202 81 1. 56 1.42 1. 41 1. 58 84 115 1.47 1.47 2 . 59 2. 31 83 2 . 79 2. 63 3. 03 375 365 192 1.45 - 68 1.48 _ _ 1.61 M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls : M etropolitan a r e a s ____________ ____ Nonm etropolitan a r e a s __.__________ _ Inspectors (crow n ers): M etropolitan a r e a s ____ _____ ____ ____ Nonm etropolitan areas ___ __ _______ 71 - - _ _ 10 1.48 1.41 17 91 1.59 1.47 15 76 22 1.44 1.42 25 106 1.66 1. 68 14 2.01 23 2. 34 - 29 176 2.55 2 . 49 13 _ _ 1. 37 Men Cutting Cu tters, fabric lining, machine: M etropolitan areas _ Nonm etropolitan areas «, Cu tters, vamp and whole shoe, machine: M etropolitan a r e a s ____________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______ ___ ___ ___ See footnotes at end o f table, 68 15 - 2. 09 - 26 2. 53 3.00 38 2.43 166 25 2 . 69 6 2. 15 2 . 18 1. 87 11 - _ 2. 24 26 2. 42 1.98 30 104 2.01 2.63 Table 24. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— By Size of Establishment and Size of Community— Continued (Num ber and a verage straight-tim e hourly earnings1 o f w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 2 1 New England Middle Atlantic Great Lakes Middle West Establishments with— Sex, department, occupation, and community size 50-249 w orkers A verNumage ber hourly of earnw orkers ings 250 w orkers or m ore Num- A v e r age ber of hourly w ork- earners ings 250 workers 50-249 or m ore w orkers A ver Num- A v e r - Num age age ber ber hourly hourly of of earn- w ork earn w orkers ings ers ings 50-249 w orkers Num A v e r ber age hourly of w ork earn ers ings 250 w orkers 250 w orkers 50-249 or m ore or m ore w orkers Num A v e r Num A v e r Num A ver ber age ber age age ber hourly of hourly of of hourly wo rkearn w ork earn w ork earn ers ings ings ings j ers ers 250 w orkers or m ore Num A ver ber age of hourly w ork earn ers ings M en— Continued Lasting A ssem b lers for pu llover, machine: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ Bed-machine operators: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ H eel-sea t lasters: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ Side lasters, machine: Metropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ 32 92 39 $2. 42 2.43 249 370 $2. 50 2. 17 20 78 44 2. 94 2. 85 247 431 2. 64 2. 64 41 33 55 21 2 . 01 1.93 133 186 104 44 2. 70 2. 46 56 44 2 . 88 2. 34 2 . 08 $2 . 59 3. 01 2.96 3. 07 1.99 18 9 2 . 08 2 . 12 390 559 2.73 2. 31 47 24 2. 97 2 . 79 191 323 2. 74 2. 23 24 15 2. 03 68 124 138 $2. 75 2. 53 28 - $2. 32 129 205 2. 97 2 . 86 17 - 3. 41 - 77 - 63 2. 45 2. 13 - 1.93 - 51 9 29 2. 54 98 18 68 222 205 2. 97 2 . 79 2. 85 2.93 93 74 2 . 82 2. 65 24 9 2. 48 2. 54 65 43 2. 48 2. 30 2. 43 21 13 $2 . 10 1. 78 14 80 $2. 50 2. 32 101 16 1. 68 1.41 _ 39 2. 33 1. 73 114 2 . 20 20 66 37 $2. 57 1.91 _ 64 _ 2. 51 13 35 1. 87 1. 88 _ 2. 04 37 104 2 . 66 2 . 00 12 2 . 11 39 69 2 . 80 2. 04 _ _ 14 19 2. 05 1. 94 9 $1. 98 2. 73 2 . 59 _ _ _ 2. 17 _ 2. 71 2. 34 10 _ - Bottoming and making Ldge trim m ers: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ H eel attachers, machine: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ Sole attachers, cement process: Metropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ----------------------------- 2 . 22 13 - 3. 49 - 42 - 20 2. 46 70 91 39 2 . 39 2 . 13 2 . 61 2 . 26 282 410 2. 54 2 . 20 40 23 2 . 66 155 176 2. 85 2. 51 28 • 43 13 3. 06 2. 17 129 131 2 . 18 2. 64 15 - 2. 77 - 60 18 2 . 61 2 . 80 74 17 2. 33 2. 32 2. 42 2. 32 42 2. 13 235 184 2. 49 281 2 . 49 57 16 162 146 2 . 61 - 14 83 2. 04 1. 65 9 38 2. 90 * 12 88 20 2 . 12 1.68 63 18 - 3. 29 - 28 - 2. 67 - 15 65 31 2 . 59 30 2. 27 _ 50 - 8 2 . 61 2 . 28 2 . 18 2. 19 2. 44 2 . 10 _ 7 _ 1. 51 20 67 2. 51 2 . 10 F in ish ing Edge setters: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ T r e e rs : M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s _______________________ 296 ' M iscellaneous F lo o r boys: M etropolitan a r e a s ___________________________ Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ______________________ _ Inspectors (crow n ers): M etropolitan a r e a s ---------------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ----------------------------Janitors: M etropolitan a r e a s ---------------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ----------------------------Mechanics, maintenance: M etropolitan a r e a s ---------------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ____________________ — 1 2 64 12 42 15 54 22 11 18 31 “ - 1. 69 - 69 55 1. 74 1. 46 25 - 1. 34 1. 40 16 7 1. 34 1. 29 48 33 1. 33 1. 31 23 - 2. 33 2. 14 . 14 30 2. 77 2. 58 _ _ " " 1. 59 148 136 1. 64 1.60 1. 48 1. 35 143 152 2. 52 2. 38 73 168 8 _ _ Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication crite ria . 1. 42 1. 44 1. 43 13 7 2 . 16 1. 54 - 21 2. 03 _ 2. 14 _ 32 - ' 77 97 1.43 1. 44 2 . 00 ' 1. 52 1. 46 156 199 1.46 1.45 ' 2 . 62 _ 2. 87 2 . 08 23 14 2. 14 1. 86 17 26 1. 48 1. 43 ' 12 1. 41 1. 32 22 1. 60 58 ~ 1. 42 - 9 30 51 8 1. 35 1. 35 _ 45 35 2 . 29 59 12 1. 94 6 46 - - 2. 34 1.93 _ _ _ 1. 57 _ _ - - 2. 25 _ 7 2 . 22 6 24 - _ 1. 97 1. 56 1. 58 25 31 1. 35 1. 34 12 30 2. 23 2 . 08 Table 25. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Maine (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation o 00 Number of w orkers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings ofNum- A v e rage $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $ 1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 hourly $1.25 of w ork- earn- and and under ei s $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1,60 $1.70 $1.80 $1,90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2 , 2 Q$2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2,60 $2.70 $2,9Q $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 over 8 , 122 4,900 M en_____________________ _ 3, 222 A ll production w ork ers____ $1.70 1683 1.56 1122 1.92 561 823 646 177 469 307 162 427 328 99 317 271 46 747 491 256 537 353 184 503 337 166 423 265 158 1 2 4 1 2 11 11 58 39 33 30 286 172 114 377 195 182 • - 4 7 26 25 234 105 129 262 114 148 - - 2 - 1 2 5 7 6 2 24 24 22 22 19 19 8 8 14 14 198 66 132 184 45 139 162 43 119 56 12 71 2 74 44 69 73 - 54 _ 54 42 6 48 3 45 - - - - 1 2 48 33 6 34 4 30 39 17 6 11 49 _ 49 Women Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 2 b/______________ _ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 2 b/ ________ _ 16 1.97 1 1 1 54 1.85 - 4 7 307 284 1.75 1.76 11 11 33 33 243 26 217 1.53 1.30 1.56 70 13 49 13 54 270 59 1.86 1.67 8 1.79 3 5 7 15 3 14 2.19 - 17 1.48 5 2 283 235 48 1.41 1.38 1.54 54 46 - - - 2 - - - 4 " 1 6 6 5 5 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - - 2 - - " 2 - - - - - - _ _ 4 _ _ 4 11 - - - - - - - 4 3 - - - - - - 1 1 2 2 2 _ 3 4 3 Fitting P a sters, backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand______ Incentive______ _________ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings 2 b/------------------Top stitchers 2 b/____________ Vampprs 21 14 29 2 20 2 19 24 9 3 5 4 9 12 12 22 22 14 27 18 19 24 9 3 5 4 8 8 1 1 4 9 3 3 4 3 2 10 1 34 6 10 3 25 3 4 27 2 8 2 8 6 5 7 2 8 * - 2 - 2 1 2 57 51 6 20 19 1 70 65 5 44 41 3 14 9 5 21 28 31 23 7 8 8 10 1 1 40 4 2 27 2 2 23 17 2 1 1 " 2 3 - 1 1 11 6 6 4 2 2 - 1 8 1 4 - - " 2 - - 2 2 6 _ Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 2 b/________________ 2 Bottoming and making Shankers 2 b/_______________ _ Finishing R e p a ir e rs ___________ ________ 8 4 7 4 2 2 1 1 Miscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 2 a/_____________ Inspectors (cro w n ers)_.____ TimP Incentive _ lr 120 82 44 38 1.42 1.46 1.34 1.60 67 53 2.18 188 2.41 12 4 3 1 8 8 23 13 11 2 8 2 2 14 8 8 4 7 10 - - 7 7 7 1 1 1 1 - - - 5 4 5 5 6 6 5 5 3 3 2 2 6 15 13 14 19 18 Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 2 b / 3 ______________ F abric lining _ _ _ _ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 2 b/__ ____ _ See footnotes at end of table. 2.12 _ ■ 9 2 _ 4 3 2 1 3 2 4 3 2 10 1 l 3 3 3 3 4 7 7 2 2 8 3 8 1 1 11 8 3 1 ^4 CO Table 25. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Maine— Continued (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation ber of w ork- Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— age $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 hourly and and earnunder ings $3*10 $3,2.P $3.30 $3.40 1 L 10 . over $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $ If 50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $-L3.0 $ 2.00 $a..8 Q $2.30 I L i H M . 5 Q . U M 1 & L 2 S I $48Q. ,i Men— Continued Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 2 b/______________ _ Bed-machine operators 2 b/_____________ _ H eel-sea t la sters 2 b /_____ — P u llo ver -machine operators 2 b/__ __ Side la sters, machine 2 b/_________ _______ 76 $2.28 - 145 41 2.53 1.92 " _ 85 2.60 108 2.27 1 2 1 1 - - - 2 4 _ 1 2 ■ 4 1 6 • _ _ _ 2.60 54 2 - - 7 l 3 5 2 2 4 6 2 5 2 - 1 3 2 4 1 2 11 9 3 9 14 16 13 12 3 2 _ 7 4 1 6 2 2 3 4 4 5 2 2 " 3 3 2 4 - - - 2 4 2 5 1 2 11 14 6 2 11 - 10 2 6 3 5 5 - 3 “ “ “ 5 2 1 5 5 7 7 3 4 4 2 2 - _ 1 1 _ 2 2 1 1 _ _ 3 3 _ 5 - 5. 13 7 4 3 13 6 8 10 11 2 2 4 3 5 _ _ 3 _ _ 3 _ 3 4 5 6 2 1 " 6 2 2 _ 7 - - 3 2 4 8 6 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers 2 b/ _________ Heel attachers, machine 2 b/______________ rm mf)prB 2 h/. .. _ _ Shankars 2 b/_ _____________ Sole attachers, cement process 2 b/ _____________ 36 27 37 2.21 2.19 1.59 8 1 2 - - - - - _ 1 _ 5 _ 5 _ 5 _ _ 13 _ _ _ 3 _ 5 4 _ _ 97 2.23 _ 9 27 106 1.81 2.09 . 2.20 _ _ - 2 36 52 25 1.41 1.40 1.30 14 15 17 4 27 2.55 1 _ 3 4 2 10 4 _ 4 _ 8 4 2 11 7 9 2 _ 4 2 1 1 1 6 _ - 1 1 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 2 - 1 - 2 " " - - 1 2 - Finishing Bottom scou rers 2 b/ _____ _ Edge setters 2 b/___________ T r e e rs 2 b/ 17.------------- 1 _ _ . _ 3 2 3 2 2 1 - 4 - - - 2 3 5 2 - 8 8 2 7 3 3 2 4 11 - - 5 2 1 2 6 5 9 10 3 5 3 12 - - 7 2 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 1 6 3 - 5 - 2 2 - - 2 - - - 2 _ 2 - - 1 1 2 M iscellaneous F lo o r boys 2 a/ ---------------- -Inspectors Tcrowners) 2 a/ — Janitors 2 a/. _____________ Mechanics, maintenance 2 a/ —------------ 8 5 12 " 1 1 1 10 3 1 1 2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Includes data fo r w orkers in classification in addition to those shown separately. Table 26. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Boston—Lynn, Mass.1 (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs2 o f production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w o rk ers_____ W om en------------------------M an----------------------------- Number of w orkers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings of— Num- A v e rage $1.25 $1.30 $T3F $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.80 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 15740 hourly of and w orkers in gs 2 under $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $ 1,90 $1,70 $1,99 $ 1,90 $2,99 $2.10 $2.20 $2,?9 $2.49 $2.50 $2.60 $2,§9 $3.00 $3,29 $3.40 $ 3,60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 over 3,881 $1.96 2,284 1.69 2. 35 1,597 337 228 109 20 484 393 91 83 63 166 135 31 156 118 38 380 285 95 352 256 96 215 153 62 3 18 7 20 2 3 5 5 158 no 48 133 91 42 141 95 46 16 31 14 17 12 12 16 3 13 13 5 5 5 5 5 5 183 91 92 no 52 58 12 12 2 2 2 2 3 1 10 10 ■ 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 102 69 28 41 96 38 58 2 2 2 2 3 “ 6 6 2 2 1 1 3 2 “ • 5 4 47 55 139 43 96 149 30 119 10 120 90 9 81 81 7 74 53 28 52 27 19 19 6 6 4 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ - > _ _ _ > _ - - - 130 1 1 21 21 Women Fitting Fancy stitch ers----------------Incentive----- — ---------P a sters, backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand-------T im e_____________ ________ Incentive__________________ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings------ -------- ----T im e ------------------------- Incentive----------------------Top stitchers 3 b/--------------Vam pers 3 b/---------------------- 1.96 - 3 - 2. 04 _ 3 _ 1.62 1.43 1.69 5 5 - 55 25 1.87 1.71 1.93 2.08 2.08 “ 117 1.58 2 159 120 110 32 78 30 8 22 2 2 1 1 32 18 14 2 2 13 7 3 2 1 1 1 14 3 11 1 1 2 1 6 1 1 2 3 - 4 3 4 1 g 2 g 2 2 2 2 1 9 3 - - _ - ■ 5 1 1 4 2 2 8 1 1 12 8 5 3 6 - ” 3 3 93 3 1 1 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 1 4 7 7 2 2 1 1 1 1 5 2 3 3 “ “ ” - - 4 2 2 7 3 4 - 2 2 3 3 4 9 9 8 _ 8 1 12 1 11 _ _ _ _ . 3 3 _ - - - - - 2 2 - 2 1 - _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 - " 1 1 4 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - “ " - " - 5 4 4 2 2 2 2 _ - 1 1 _ - 9 13 . 13 6 _ 6 4 _ 4 4 _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ Finishing Ponairorc 3 a / ep e — / j Miscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 3 a /-----------------Inspectors (crow n ers) 3 a/ — 20 14 1.56 1.51 41 26 15 2.84 2.90 _ 1 _ l 1 1 Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 3 b/--------------------F abric lining 3 b / ______ — Leather lining^b/________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, m achine---------------T im e ---------------------------In cen tive.. ----------- -— — 2.86 - 6 88 3.24 2.69 3.28 " ■ 9 25 2.06 2 . 16 2.18 - - 94 - ■ - - - " " “ _ 1 _ _ - - - _ 1 1 - 1 1 1 2 2 - - 1 1 _ ■ 1 4 4 1 2 2 - - 2 2 1 6 _ 6 1 3 10 1 - Fitting Fancy stitchers 3 b/_______ __ Top stitch ers____ ________ . Incentive--------------- ------- 22 See footnotes at end o f table, - 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 2 _ 4 4 _ 2 1 1 _ 3 2 l 1 1 1 1 _ _ ! 1 1 4 4 * o 'table 26. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Boston—Lynn, Mass.1— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p r il 1965) Sex, department, and occupation Number of w orkers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings ofNum- A v e r age ber $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.80 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 hourly $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 of and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ and ings* unde i ers > ,i_2 S i.30 S i .35 S i.40 Si. 45 Si .50 S i.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $ 2.10 $2,20 $2,3„P $2,40 $2.50 $2.60 $ 2JL0„ $3,00. 3 3 Q .&LAQ $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 over _ _ _ _ _ _ Men— Continued Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3 b/----------------Bed-m achine operators 3 b/--------------H eel-sea t lasters 3 b/ -----------------Pu llo ve r - mac hine operators 3 b /--------------Side la sters, machine 3 b/----------------Toe la sters , automatic or semiautomatic 3 b/ — $2.80 9 2. 78 - - - - - - - - - - 18 2. 27 - - 2 1 - - 2 1 - - 26 3.49 39 3. 19 22 1 2.84 55 2 3. 20 - - 2 ~ - - 1 2 1 - 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 8 3 5 3 - - - - - 4 3 - - - 1 - - - 3 1 - 1 - - - - - - 1 1 - 1 - 1 2 2 - 2 1 2 1 6 1 6 2 1 1 2 1 4 - 3 1 5 5 1 1 - 5 1 2 2 1 2 _ _ - - “ “ “ 2 1 2 ■ " 2 2 1 2 2 - - ■ _ - 1 3 i l 34 “ 6 1 - 1 5 - 4 6 6 10 2 2 6 11 1 3 6 _ - - - 1 Bottoming and making Edge trim m e rs 3 b/--------H eel attachers, machine 3 b/----------------Shankers__________________ Incentive------------------Sole attachers, cement process 3 b / _____________ 1 3 2 2 2 1 _ - _ 1.92 1 1 _ - 49 2.83 - - - - 9 13 55 2. 17 3. 23 2.63 29 14 15 1.49 1.98 1.44 6 3. 19 13 9 6 2.49 1.76 _ “ " - 1 - 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 - - 3 _ 1 _ - - - 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 2 - - - 1 4 15 8 4 1 1 2 3 5 1 1 1 1 6 2 1 “ Finishing Bottom scou rers 3 b / ------Edge setters 3 b/------------T r e e r s 3 b/ -------------------- 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 4 3 2 1 6 3 1 3 7 - 2 1 1 3 Mis c ellaneous F lo o r boys 3 a / ---------------Inspectors (crow n ers) 3 a / Janitors 3 a/-------------------M echanics, maintenance 3 a / ------------ 1 2 3 4 - 2 1 1 - 4 3 2 - - - 3 5 - 8 2 2 1 2 - 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 1 The Boston— Lynn area consists o f B e verly , Boston, Cambridge, Chelsea, E verett, Lynn, Salem, Stoneham, and W akefield, Mass. Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to warrant presentation o f separate averages by method o f wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. 1 - 2 Table 27. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Haverhill, Mass. 2 of production (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings Sex, department, and occupation w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Number of workers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings ofNum A v e r age ber S I.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2 . 8 b $2.90 $3.00 $$.20 $3.46 $$.60 O T hourly of and w ork earn and under ers in gs 2 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 over A ll production w o rk ers____ 2,955 W om en__________________ 1,771 M en ---------------------------- 1, 184 $2. 04 1. 72 2. 51 14 8 6 7 1 6 342 310 32 112 92 20 109 94 15 112 159 85 74 71 40 31 105 34 71 62 22 40 75 35 40 133 29 104 52 15 37 93 9 84 25 3 22 96 18 78 89 17 72 56 _ 56 70 75 37 69 32 3 29 23 23 37 37 7 25 14 1 2 13 2 - - - 2 - _ - _ _ . 10 6 13 2 6 2 6 1 6 1 4 3 4 - 3 1 1 - 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 3 3 - 4 - 3 - 3 3 - 7 3 14 4 7 4 4 3 1 3 3 3 4 - 3 - - - - - 6 2 4 1 1 - - 4 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 - 1 - 3 - - - 1 3 301 249 52 432 388 44 214 131 83 134 94 40 13 12 23 26 9 6 1 8 11 - 2 2 10 1 17 3 - 2 2 1 1 1 Women Fitting 147 1.91 _ - 3 2 86 1. 57 2 - 29 5 19 114 30 1. 88 1.95 1. 86 - - 1 6 1 2 4 12 1 5 1 R ep airers 4a/..___..._______ _ 106 1. 61 - - - 1 - 2 98 3 Miscellaneous TM T • ,1 3 / ,. Inspectors (crow n ers) 3a/__ 12 6 5 1 - 1 3 1. 57 4 27 18 9 2. 72 2. 87 2. 42 - - - - 95 2. 85 - - - 34 2 . 81 _ . . 40 15 3. 27 2. 57 Fancy stitchers 3b / _______ — P a s te r s , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand 3b/ __ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings 3b / ______ _____ Top stitchers 3b / ___________ Vam pers 3b/.-_____ -__ -_____ Finishing 3 2 8 1 2 15 5 3 1 - - - 1 1 - - - - 2 - - - - _ . _ _ 3 1 Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 3b / ______________ _ Fa bric lining \ > f _________ Leather lining^b/_______ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 3b/______ — 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 6 4 1 1 2 _ 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 - 2 1 - 3 2 - 2 1 2 1 1 1 - - - - 3 1 5 - - 1 1 1 6 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 8 13 2 3 5 5 _ 2 _ - - 5 - Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3b / __ ....____ _____ Bed-machine\ operators 3b/ . ..___________ H eel-sea t la sters 3b/_______ P u llo ver -machine operators 3b / ----------------Side la sters , machine 3b/ -------------------Toe la sters, automatic o r semiautomatic 3b/__.... 32 3. 15 58 3. 23 27 3. 28 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3. 09 _ _ - - - - - - - 1 - - 1 1 2 4 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers 3b/ _________ H eel attachers, md r V i i n p j Shankers 3b 7 --------------------Sole attachers, cement process 3b / .._ ___________ _ 19 17 2. 87 1.99 _ _ - - - 2 - 5 4 1 - 2 1 33 2 . 88 - - - - - - - 1 - - - " _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 2 _ _ 5 3 2 2 3 1 4 14 68 2.94 2. 71 14 1. 55 Miscellaneous F lo o r boys 3a/__.____________ 2 2 - 2 4 3 - - _ _ _ 8 - 1 _ 5 - 1 _ 8 3 4 4 4 _ 2 2 3 _ _ 5 6 2 1 5 1 - 5 3 9 17 7 - 5 5 5 2 3 4 1 4 3 3 1 - - - - 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 _ 1 2 2 _ 6 5 5 4 2 3 4 The area is lim ited to the city of Haverhill, Mass. Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arran t presentation o f separate averages by method o f wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. 1 8 1 4 2 20 Finishing E dge s e tte rs ^ / T r e e r s 3h/ 6 8 6 1 _ _ _ Table 28. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Lawrence—Lowell, Mass. (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w ork ers____ M en ---------------------------- 2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Number of w orkers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings of— Num A v e r ber age $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $ 2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 hourly $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 and and w ork- earn- under ings 2 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 over 3,833 $1.85 1.62 2, 393 2. 24 1,440 173 141 32 321 238 83 223 160 63 172 143 29 323 249 74 131 95 36 164 103 78 42 2 2 2 2 13 _ 13 14 15 13 14 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 1 244 184 60 146 98 48 1 1 750 558 192 - 1 100 86 61 92 33 59 20 40 51 70 25 82 13 69 80 40 16 34 11 41 43 74 64 1 - - - - - - * - - 6 6 5 3 - 3 * 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - 1 1 1 1 - 5 2 2 - 4 - - - - - - - i 9 _ 3 2 1 6 2 3 . 3 1 i - 2 1 1 1 - - - - - - " " 2 ~ ■ i ■ ~ ■ ■ “ ■ ~ 1 1 2 2 “ “ 1 1 - “ 5 4 7 12 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 6 “ 5 7 7 - 1 1 3 95 45 50 18 20 20 73 37 36 63 45 55 69 3 2 189 133 56 6 6 6 6 12 66 Women Cutting Cutters, lining, Fa bric lining 3 b/ ---------- 6 6 2 . 01 2 . 01 148 37 111 1.91 1.70 1.98 70 27 43 1. 50 1.29 1.63 21 28 49 1.85 2. 15 1.76 2 1 6 2. 25 117 27 33 Fitting Fancy stitch ers---------------Incentive---------------------Pa sters, backers, or fitters , iipppr, hand Trirpnl-i vp Skivers, machine, uppers or linings 3 b/----------------Top stitchers 3 b/-------------V am pp r s 3 h/ __________ 68 2 2 2 _ 34 3 4 - _ 2 1 _ 1 2 1 1 10 4 6 5 2 5 3 4 1 20 11 9 1 1 36 20 16 3 3 2 2 1 1 5 1 2 2 10 - - - - - - 1.47 5 1 7 19 35 40 7 1 . 50 1.37 5 3 1 10 8 1 3 6 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 13 3 - 1 3 3 5 8 3 3 5 12 12 2 2 1 4 1 1 - 1 _ 1 2 2 2 4 3 ■ 1 1 3 1 1 1 - 5 5 3 5 4 17 14 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 - 2 - 3 1 2 2 1 1 - - 3 4 4 1 4 1 2 1 - - 1 1 - - - 1 5 5 3 1 4 4 2 12 4 i 2 2 1 1 - - - " * Bottoming and making Sole attachers, cement process 3 b / -------------------Finishing R ep airers 3 a / ------------------ M iscellaneous FI n n r gi rl s ^ a / __ ___ Inspectors (crow n ers) 3 a/ — 5 5 2 - " Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 3 b/ * ---------------Fabric lining 3 b/---------Cutters, vamp and whole s no e , m ac nine D ————— / 26 21 2. 30 2 . 21 - - - 2 . 89 1 1 - 7 2 1 6 3 2 8 1 5 - - 3 4 - 1 - - 1 1 1 1 2 ' Lasting A ssem blers fo r pullover, machine 3 b/-------------------Bed-machine operators 3 b/_____________ H eel-sea t la sters 3 b / -------Pu llover-m achine operators 3 b/----------------Side la sters, machine 3 b/ — Toe la sters, automatic or semiautomatic 3 b / ------ 31 2. 76 - - - 1 - - - 1 3 - 3 - 28 24 2. 95 2 . 26 2 - 2 - - 2 - 2 - 2 2 1 1 17 50 3. 17 3. 01 4 1 10 3. 19 See footnotes at end o f table. 1 - 2 1 4 1 1 - - 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 3 1 3 - Table 28. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Lawrence—Lowell, Mass.1— Continued (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) 1 2 3 4 The Law rence— o w ell area fo r this study includes Methuen, Mass. L Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, Includes data fo r w orkers in classification in addition to those shown separately. and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. A ) 0 Table 29. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Worcester, Mass. (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w orkers.. W om en_______________ M en ----------------------- Number of workers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— Num- A v e r age $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $ 1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.80 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 hourly $1.25 of and and w orkings 13 under 2 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.80 *3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 over 1,424 768 $2.02 1.75 2.52 2 , 192 281 232 49 135 113 22 77 95 91 4 107 89 18 66 11 3 _ 2 2 1 6 8 ■ ■ 202 171 31 104 76 28 108 92 16 91 52 39 10 6 3 2 86 1 no 65 45 60 26 13 18 9 2 2 6 7 1 3 7 2 1 1 39 38 91 72 19 35 3 32 8 3 72 54 18 82 37 45 131 57 74 87 25 62 4 13 1 6 3 2 51 43 6 3 2 _ 10 5 _ _ 1 2 ' 71 13 58 1 1 5 5 10 n 44 21 21 18 18 11 _ _ - ' 54 ' 8 ' 1 1 3 3 - - - 5 5 5 5 2 2 4 4 2 2 1 _ , - _ 5 3 2 2 - 9 9 24 24 Women Fitting Fancy stitchers 3 b/----—— P a sters, backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand 3 b/ — Top stitchers 3 b/-------------Vam pers 3 b/-------------------- 117 1.69 2.23 1.95 93 25 1.40 2.23 1 2.13 104 69 13 22 1 7 _ - " - 31 “ 2 10 2 6 - 3 3 11 6 2 2 11 15 5 ~ 1 2 26 ~ 6 1 5 5 2 4 1 4 7 3 _ 4 1 1 10 1 5 _ _ Finishing R ep airers 3 a/ . T r e e rs 3 b / ---- 19 ■ 9 " 8 1 1 2 M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 3 a/____________ Inspectors (crow n ers) 3 a/— 22 39 1.51 1.38 24 24 3.15 3.33 4 9 1 3 4 3.10 3.10 62 50 1 7 . Men Cutting Cu tters, lining, machine 3 b/ Fabric lining 3 b/--------Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine —----------Incentive— ---------------- 1 1 _ _ “ " _ _ “ “ " 1 * 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 7 7 3 1 3 3 “ 1 1 1 6 6 9 9 5 2 4 4 1 2 4 4 3 _ 1 1 6 6 ' Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3 b/______________ Bed -machine operators 3 b/H eel-s ea t la sters 3 b/-. Pu llo ver -machine operators 3 b/Side la sters, m achine 3 b/— l 3 1 22 2.84 7C\ 11 21 4 2.62 44 3.44 2.98 32 2,88 9 1.51 1 _ 1 2 2 j - - - - “ - 2 - 3 " 2 2 - 2 3 1 5 - • - - - - 1 2 2 2 2 2 7 4 5 - 6 2 2 - - - - 9 3 3 5 2 1 5 - - - 1 2 1 " 3 - - - - - 6 5 j “ Bottoming and making Sole attachers, cement process 3 b/-------------------M iscellaneous F lo o r boys 3 a/ ---------------1 2 3 4 - - - - * 2 • - - The W orcester area consists of Hudson, M arlboro, Spencer, W are, W ebster, and W orcester, Mass. Excludes premium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. - Table 30. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Southeastern New Hampshire (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings Num- Sex, department, and occupation 2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Number of w orkers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings of- A verage $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 hourly and w ork- earnand under ci H $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $2,10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2,40 $2.50 $2,60 $2,70 $2.80 $2,90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 over A ll production w ork ers____ 8,985 $1.95 1. 71 W om en___________________ 5,411 2. 31 M en ____ a__________-_____ 3, 574 668 1465 1159 306 542 377 165 405 318 87 451 375 76 355 289 66 461 207 459 311 148 474 325 149 370 242 128 - - - - - - 2 - 8 8 6 6 10 21 1 20 11 2 8 2 41 3 38 28 3 25 33 _ 33 42 3 39 15 17 14 6 12 23 6 394 235 159 350 205 145 - - 33 17 17 24 24 339 249 90 294 182 112 314 154 160 221 84 137 236 83 153 245 83 162 - - 2 15 14 14 9 9 5 4 233 60 173 193 69 124 149 39 110 294 35 259 157 33 124 - - 1 - 3 3 - 1 1 1 2 101 21 99 12 51 80 87 50 126 9 117 - - - 1 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 Women Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 3b/_________ 6 2. 71 - 356 16 340 1. 90 1.98 1.90 15 _ 15 182 1.56 51 70 291 71 1. 84 2 . 10 1. 78 8 6 6 23 2.45 12 1.92 - Fitting Fancy stitch ers...__________ T im e_____________________ Incentive_________________ P a s te r s , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand h > / __ Skivers, machine, uppers Top stitchers h i/ ^ Vam pers h i / ________________ 6 _ 6 22 1 5 5 8 1 4 4 3 4 - - - - - - 2 - 6 6 11 83 82 7 3 16 4 22 22 1 1 12 1 3 4 3 - 3 4 4 35 2 32 7 - 1 1 1 - - 42 40 40 39 3 _ _ 10 8 3 7 23 7 3 22 2 22 - 2 6 6 13 8 1 - 2 2 4 16 1 6 1 5 1 18 3 1 1 10 2 4 2 1 2 - 2 1 - 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 3 3 _ _ _ 3 3 1 1 2 5 6 6 3 26 1 _ 6 2 2 _ _ _ _ 7 3 7 4 3 2 _ _ _ 1 4 10 - 1 - 3 - - _ _ _ 1 1 _ 1 1 4 3 1 8 7 1 5 25 1 1 1 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3b/ _______________ Bottoming and making Shankers 3 / _____________ ___ b Finishing R e p a ir e r s ___________________ T im e_____________________ Incentive 38 1. 57 1. 45 2. 19 89 53 29 24 1.49 1. 53 1.40 1. 70 86 2.60 2 . 80 1 1 2.42 - 239 201 _ 10 1 19 15 4 1 2 1 2 1 _ 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 _ 6 6 _ 1 1 _ M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 3a / ______________ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )____ _ T im e_____________________ Inc ent iv e__ ___________ .... 10 15 13 2 16 4 3 1 12 7 6 1 - - - - 13 2 1 1 3 3 1 2 13 8 3 5 10 2 2 5 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 - 2 2 7 5 3 - 1 1 . 1 2 1 Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 3b/ _______________ Fabric lining \ / _________ Leather lining 3b/______ _ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand 3 a / ____________ Cutters, vamp"and whole shoe, machine 3b/_________ 1 1 5 1 1 5 6 2 3 14 2 . 26 - - - - - - - 1 274 2.96 . _ _ _ 1 2 1 4 5 See footnotes at end of table. 3 2 1 1 41 45 - 2 1 - - - 4 3 - - 2 2 4 10 13 4 2 2 3 1 2 3 4 9 12 6 6 1 8 4 2 2 2 11 2 2 2 1 8 2 6 4 6 2 2 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 - 21 14 14 18 49 24 12 12 4 3 Table 30. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Southeastern New Hampshire1— Continued (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) 2 Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— Sex, department, and occupation age ber hourly $1.25 of and w ork- earnings 2 under ers $1.30 $1 .30 $1 .35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 and $1 .35 $1 .40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 over Men— Continued Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine ^b / _____________ Bed-machine operators 3b/ ___________ H eel-sea t la sters ^b/_______________ Pu llov er -machine operators --------------Side la sters, machine 3b/ _____________ Toe la sters, automatic o r semiautomatic 3b/___ 99 $2. 77 156 3. 05 41 89 1 - 1 2 1 1 1 2 . 29 1 - 3. 17 2.95 - 61 3. 26 61 3 - - 2 2 - - 2 - - - - 3 - 1 - - 1 1 - 173 - - - 2. 77 1 - 1 - - - - _ _ _ _ 2 - 3 6 3 3 1 - 1 - 1 2 2 1 6 1 1 1 6 1 3 - 5 2 1 9 7 4 15 6 10 4 3 4 11 9 4 - - - 2 3 7 4 9 17 2 1 3 6 6 1 8 12 1 8 11 1 5 3 9 14 1 20 6 29 17 15 9 11 5 5 10 7 7 2 5 9 - 9 27 2 12 - - 8 4 5 3 6 2 2 1 11 1 2 6 4 3 2 3 3 9 3 10 4 5 2 2 3 - 3 - 5 2 - 1 2 2 4 - ~ 4 " - “ 3 - 3 13 12 15 10 12 19 12 4 6 3 7 8 8 2 7 5 - - 3 - 1 2 5 3 - - 1 4 2 5 10 1 1 21 1 2 5 15 3 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers V _______ H eel attachers, machine 3 b/_____________ Shankers 3~b7______________ Sole attachers, cement process 3b/______________ 1 2. 34 1. 78 2 7 4 119 2. 77 1 - - “ 6 1 9 12 2 5 7 “ . . 6 5 4 3 1 1 3 - - 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 5 3 “ . 1 50 43 . - 1 4 3 3 3 6 2 6 9 4 25 17 4 14 13 12 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 3 2 " " 6 3 2 1 4 2 1 1 1 Finishing Edge setters ^b/_________ T r e e r s ________________ 23 146 2 . 88 2. 56 1 ' Miscellaneous F lo o r boys 3a/____________ Inspectors Tcrowners) 3a/ Janitors 3a / ______________ M echanics, maintenance 3a /----------- 69 54 24 1.45 1. 70 1. 30 13 8 2. 75 ■ 7 12 9 4 3 1 6 ~ 3 “ ' 1 2 3 11 11 ' 3 1 1 ' Southeastern New Hampshire consists of the area extending south from Farmington and P itts fie ld and east from Manchester and Nashua, N .H . Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation o f separate averages by method o f wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Table 31. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— New York, N.Y. 1 (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w orkers.. W om en_______________ Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings ofNum- A v e r age $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 hourly of w ork- earnand " " under mgs ei s $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.?0 $ 2,00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2,70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 over 34 2 2 4 4 _ 4 4 59 18 41 84 27 57 12 4 8 _ 1 1 _ _ 5 4 1 4 “ ■ " ■ " - 2 - 2 3 2 - - - 1 1 “ - 1 - - " - - _ _ _ 2 2 - _ - _ 2.11 “ " 1 ~ _ 2 ■ 11 1.99 - - - - - 1 7 1.44 - 1 1 1 1 3.01 3.03 - - “ - - 89 3.29 15 2.59 - - - - 70 61 2.83 2.90 - " - 27 9 18 31 14 3.06 2.16 3.51 3.35 2.73 76 114 56 94 4 4 4 _ 4 120 83 75 9 65 4 162 14 148 116 1 62 115 61 _ _ _ " _ _ “ ~ “ " - - - - - 6 6 4 4 18 10 2 2 12 2 2 6 1 - - - 3 3 7 7 4 4 9 3 . 9 2 3 _ 10 2 2 2 “ “ “ ■ 61 130 5 125 _ _ 1 _ ■ " 1 - - - - 63 _ 63 75 _ 75 _ _ _ - _ . 3 29 28 117 31 108 54 54 9 3 _ _ 1.93 1.79 2.05 2.52 1 1 68 86 108 63 45 2 _ 2 67 30 37 9 7 2.69 10 148 80 83 29 54 55 31 24 1.88 50 35 15 48 38 71 47 24 $2.45 24 94 71 23 55 31 24 2, 293 680 1,613 86 20 20 8 23 97 75 66 2 _ 2 1 1 1 2 ” 1 Women Fitting P a sters, backers, or fitters , upper, hand Tim e_________________ Incentive______ ___ ___ Top stitchers 3 b/______ Vam per s 3 b/__ _________ 2 2 - _ Finishing T r e e rs 3 b/______________ 8 6 6 2 1 4 1 3 - ■ 1 1 - - 2 2 1 - 1 2 2 2 - - - - 6 1 1 1 1 6 4 4 5 5 1 1 _ _ _ - ■ 1 2 2 1 - Miscellaneous F lo o r g irls 3 a/_________ Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 3 b/ ____________ _ Leather lining 3 b/__ _____ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand 3 b / ____________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 3 a/ ________ 1 Fittin g Fancy stitch ers----------------Incentive.. S kivers, machine, uppers o r linings_______ __________ Tim e_____________________ Incentive.__ _ Top stitchers 3 b/.. V a m p e rs 3 b/- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 2 2 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 5 _ 1 3 3 3 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 1 2 7 5 5 5 4 3 - - 1 1 8 2 - 2 2 8 6 1 1 4 4 5 5 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 3 _ 1 ” - _ 3 2 1 3 3 8 2 4 4 - 1 1 _ _ _ 5 3 8 7 2 2 1 “ _ 1 1 7 - Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3 b/_______ ____ ... Bed-machine operators 3 b / _-_____ ____ H eel-sea t la sters 3 b / -----------------P u llo ver - machine operators 3 b/._------------Side la sters, machine 3 b /_____________ Toe la sters , automatic or sem iautomatic 3 b/___ 29 2.63 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ . 2 2 1 4 1 1 2 13 3.67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 2 - - - - - 1 2 - 2 1 - - 1 1 - - - 12 2.27 23 3.18 23 3.08 13 3.23 See footnotes at end of table. - - - - - - - - 1 - 2 2 - - 2 1 - 3 - 1 2 1 2 1 - 5 _ 1 _ _ _ - - 4 - - 5 1 1 6 - - - - 2 3 1 7 - - 1 1 3 - 1 3 - 7 1 2 Table 31. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes---- New York, N.Y.1— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earn in gs 2 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) 1 The New York Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea consists of New York City (Bronx, Kings, New York, Queens, and Richmond Counties) and Nassau, Rockland, Suffolk, and W estchester Counties, N .Y. 2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 3 Includes data fo r w ork ers in cla ssification in addition to those shown separately. 4 Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Table 32. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Arkansas (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p r il 1965) Num A v e r Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— ber age hourly $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 of w ork earn and and ers ings 1 under $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $ 1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 over Sex, department, and occupation 1064 855 209 113 15 1.48 1.50 1.37 5 7 7 25 1.75 10 61 1.33 50 2 _ 2 - 86 1.36 57 .5 3 4 3 14 60 1.44 1.42 - 2 1 37 5 7 1.57 2 - 74 34 40 76 1.41 1.30 1.51 1.61 55 1.73 38 32 A ll production w o rk ers----- ~ ---------Women ---------------------- ---------- ---------Men ------ ---- --------------------------- — — 2,480 $1.53 1, 718 1.45 762 1.71 179 97 82 147 _ - 1 _ 3 _ - - " 1 1.35 1.41 11 2.19 39 2.33 1 2 26 25 2^01 1.65 9 24 37 1.98 2.15 2.14 3 4 32 2.01 2 88 25 110 37 103 85 18 147 103 44 _ - _ - 113 81 32 137 111 36 52 59 101 75 43 32 53 23 30 51 32 19 36 19 17 51 9 42 _ - 1 _ _ 20 12 16 3 9 3 13 10 2 8 4 3 1 6 _ 6 2 _ 2 7 _ 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 - 1 1 - - * 5 15 23 4 19 _ _ 3 1 Women Cutting Cu tters, fa b ric lining, machine 2 b/------------- . Cutters, leather lining, machine^b/---------— Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand 2 b/„_---- . Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine zb/---------- --------- ----------- -— 8 11 1 _ 1 1 1 _ - 1 2 1 1 - - 3 2 1 1 1 1 _ _ 7 2 2 1 2 1 - - - - 3 4 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 2 - - - 1 1 - 1 3 3 4 2 2 " Fitting Fancy stitchers 2 b/_____ ._________________ ____ _ P a sters, backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand 2 b/___ _ - -— —------- -----------S kivers, machine, uppers or linings 2 b/___ . _,_______________ _____________ _ Top stitchers 2 b/___ __ __ ____________ - 8 1 1 _ 1 1 - - - - - - - - - _ _ - - 1 - - - - - - 2 - 1 " _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ 1 x 3 1 - 1 1 3 1 . Bottoming and making Sole attachers, cem ent process 2 b / ------------- - - Finishing 0 j*0 Tpr T ir«o Incentive 21 1.29 — ---------- ----— — — 22 21 1 23 16 7 6 6 2 1 6 2 8 27 27 3 5 2 2 10 2 3 7 5 5 _ _ _ _ - 3 - 2 1 _ _ 1 - - - _ - _ 2 2 8 8 3 1 2 4 4 8 8 3 3 2 2 6 6 l 1 2 2 j 2 2 2 2 1 3 _ " 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 _ _ _ _ - 1 - - - - _ 2 _ _ - 4 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ x _ x _ M iscellaneous Flrtnr gi'rla ^ aj/ TpeporfArfi | A tim o re| ^ St j 17 8 6 3 1 1 2 1 Men Cutting Cutters, fa b ric lining, m ach in e 2 b / _ Cu tters, vamp and whole shoe, m achine 2 b/ _ _ _ _ _ - 2 _ _ _ 3 _ - 6 2 2 _ 1 6 i - j _ - 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 4 _ _ 1 _ 2 2 3 1 3 _ _ _ Lasting oc orviKl ore -fay» pn 11Axror ^ ^hj/ Bed -machine operators 2 b/--------— — H eel-s ea t la sters 2 b/_____ __________ ____ ____ _ Pu llover-m achin e operators 2 b/______________ Side la sters , m achine 2 b/ __ ___ Toe la sters , automatic or sem iautomatic 2 b/_ — _ __ -----See footnotes at end o f table. 11 7 2 _ - ” 1 2 2 - 1 2 1 1 3 - 1 - 1 'z 1 1 1 7 1 - 2 _ 4 4 3 4 1 2 6 “ 5 1 6 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 ■ 1 _ _ _ 1 “ 1 _ _ _ _ • Table 32. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes----Arkansas— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Table 33. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Missouri (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings of— Num- A v e r - Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w ork ers-----W om en__ ________________ $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 hourly of w ork- earnand “ " " " " under ers $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3,00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 over 9,510 $1. 70 6,273 1 . 58 3,237 1.92 1693 1349 344 788 634 154 674 501 173 560 382 178 489 409 80 871 629 242 730 535 195 642 426 216 586 340 246 466 279 187 9 4 4 4 1 6 1 7 3 5 8 2 6 397 197 332 150 182 5 3 _ 200 279 155 124 165 73 92 197 78 119 101 141 40 93 19 74 1 1 - 2 2 - 2 2 - 1 3 3 1 2 5 81 30 51 59 9 50 46 16 30 39 3 36 51 3 48 27 3 24 1 1 2 1 1 - - - 2 2 - 2 - - - 1 2 1 1 17 18 _ 18 69 9 60 - - - - - - _ 1 _ _ 1 16 Women Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 2 b/------ ------- -----Fabric lining 2 b / ---------Leather lin in g ^ W __ -— Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand 2 b / --------- -----Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 2 b / __ — ___ 72 14 58 1.74 1.73 1.74 2 12 6 1 1 5 - 2 2 3 _ 3 31 2.05 4 1 - - 1 74 1.92 1 3 2 - 4 426 1. 56 113 26 27 29 259 1. 55 62 19 16 137 1.62 50 1.67 1. 53 44 71 14 5 18 5 14 2 1 8 3 3 4 4 2 8 15 54 34 34 29 24 18 29 11 9 6 10 4 15 5 30 3 31 8 21 18 10 8 16 1 - 1 1 2 1 12 296 21 10 15 3 6 4 5 30 2 4 16 3 Bottoming and making 18 1 . 82 1 - - 1 > 2 2 1 3 20 1.74 - - - - 4 5 3 2 2 18 1 .* 66 2 2 - 2 - 3 1 l 4 7 2. 14 R ep airers ---------------- ------- 202 Incentive------------- —-----T r e e rs 2 b/ ----------------------- 51 151 227 1 . 60 1.42 1.66 Bottom fille r s 2 b/------------Rough rounderT^b/----------Shankers 2 b/--------------------Sole attachers, cement process 2 b / ------------ ------Finishing M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 2 a/----------—----Inspectors (T ro w n e rs )------T im e--------------------------- 5 6 10 4 8 6 8 4 6 4 4 - 7 9 3 2 3 7 - - 1 3 12 1 2 1 4 8 1 1 1 2 - - 1 * 1 1 4 3 ' Lasting A ssem blers fo r pullover, machine 2 b/ ------------------ 14 3 4 Fitting Fancy stitcher s 2 b/_________ P asters, backers, or fitters , upper, hand 2 b/__ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings 2 b/----------------Top stitchers " b/-------------Vam pers f_b/--------------------- 1 1 112 155 103 1.71 1.43 1. 50 1.41 3 32 4 28 26 15 13 20 16 19 4 9 16 6 24 21 30 30 29 5 4 2 12 4 8 10 24 21 21 13 3 10 25 3 22 15 24 3 24 5 22 13 2 2 _ 2 7 3 4 2 3 1 1 2 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - * 8 8 12 6 6 8 5 7 2 2 2 2 _ 3 7 2 2 " " - - 2 2 2 2 5 4 3 3 _ _ _ 3 3 1 " 14 23 11 3 8 16 21 20 12 14 4 7 5 - 10 3 1 _ _ 4 3 5 4 3 1 1 1 23 5 18 21 14 _ 4 1 13 13 5 1 1 1 1 “ Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 2 b/.— _____ Fabric lining 2 b/ Leather lining^b/. 89 41 48 See footnotes at end o f table 1.89 2 . 08 1.74 15 3 12 2 _ 2 1 1 2 - 3 5 5 5 8 4 4 6 3 3 1 3 2 1 2 2 _ _ _ 0 1 Table 33. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Missouri— Continued (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly ea rn in gs1 of production w orkers in selected occupations, A p ril 1965) Sex, department, and occupation Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings ofNum A v e r age ber $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $ 2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 hourly of and and w ork earn ings 1 under ers $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 a i o 11-30 $1.40 $3.50 over Men— Continued Cutting— Continued Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand 2 b/ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine 2 b / -------- 1 1 1 2 3 5 4 2 9 - 90 $ 2. 70 149 2 . 16 - 115 53 2 . 11 1.88 2 7 1 6 3 4 6 10 16 9 3 9 3 3 4 9 10 2 3 10 7 14 6 10 4 4 11 2 3 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 8 9 3 4 3 3 2 * " 8 4 10 2 1 2 1 15 3 Lasting A ssem blers fo r pullover, machine 2 b/-----------------H eel-sea t la sters 2 b / ------Pullo ve r - m achine operators 2 b/---------------Side la sters , machine 2 b /-----------------Toe la sters , automatic or semiautomatic 2 b/ — ------ 99 2. 52 156 2. 14 126 2. 47 3 2 1 1 1 - 3 3 5 - 12 6 1 1 - - 3 1 . - - 2 1 _ 1 1 1 2 4 3 4 4 8 5 1 8 5 7 4 4 14 13 9 7 7 12 10 12 7 12 12 3 4 1 2 - 11 4 7 16 7 8 15 9 4 3 7 8 2 10 6 6 7 11 12 10 4 3 4 5 3 - - 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ 9 5 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 - - - 1 - - - 14 11 7 3 2 6 4 3 3 7 1 2 1 2 5 4 3 4 3 1 - - - - 2 4 8 3 7 - 11 1 1 6 1 _ 4 6 - 2 6 6 1 11 7 2 4 4 2 1 10 3 6 2 3 - 1 1 4 - 2 4 3 ! 2 5 7 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 3 2 - - 2 6 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 - 1 3 - - 2 4 2 -• - - - - - - - - 3 - 3 4 9 1 - 3 - - Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers 2 b/ ------- — H eel attachers, machine 2 b /______________ H eel-sea t fitters , hand 2 b /__________________ Rough rounders 2 b/---------Shankers 2 b/------------------Sole attachers, cement process 2 b/ —--------------- - 34 2 . 29 1 .98 35 25 1.64 1 . 88 1. 59 95 37 55 39 122 5 1 1 2. 14 2 - 2. 23 2. 38 3 3 2 1 _ 1 1 _ 3 - - _ 3 1 1 1 4 _ 4 5 1 1 6 1 10 2 3 7 9 2 1 2 2 3 4 3 3 2 1 2 5 5 4 1 1 1 1 - 4 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 - 2 1 1 13 5 4 6 2 1 3 - 10 2 1 1 Fin i shing Bottom scourers 2 b / -------Edge setters 2 b/------------- . T r e e r s 2 b / ---------------------- 2.01 ' 2 _ _ ' 11 11 3 2 1 _ 2 ' 4 4 1 M iscellaneous F lo o r b o y s ------------ -— T im e ________________ Incentive---------------Inspectors (crow n ers) .. T im e--------------------Janitors 2 a/---------------Mechanics, maintenance 2 a/------- 45 36 9 36 31 59 1.45 1.43 1. 51 1 . 59 1. 51 1.34 2 . 11 13 2 2 11 21 12 2 2 _ 1 1 2 " “ “ ” “ 10 10 _ 2 2 _ . 4 3 4 2 2 4 4 8 1 7 14 14 _ 1 1 1 1 - 6 - 1 1 ' Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, Insufficient data and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Table 34. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif.1 (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 2 o f production w orkers in selected occupations, A p r il 1965) Sex, department, and occupation A ll production w o rk ers__ W om en________________ M en ___________________ Number o f w orkers receivin g straight- time hourly earnings of— Num- A v e r age $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $ 2.10 $ 2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 hourly of w ork- earn- Under and and $1.25 under ers $1.30 $1,3? $1,40 $1,45 $1.50 $1.60 S i.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $2.29 $2.20 $2.50 $2,4P $2.5P $2.69 $2.70 $2 .fi0 $2.90 $3,00 $?,lo $3,20 $5,30 $3.40 over 1, 133 $ 1.92 608 1. 68 2 . 20 525 1 1 20 12 32 95 80 15 95 77 18 62 46 16 56 33 23 . 2 2 2 . 2 . . - - - 7 7 - _ 3 - 74 49 25 88 57 31 no 52 26 26 52 18 34 3 2 1 42 68 69 40 29 5 2 4 1 _ 3 3 3 2 _ 2 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 _ “ 11 55 18 37 42 17 25 3 1 37 5 32 27 9 18 18 16 20 16 1 12 18 3 15 12 12 _ ■ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - 1 _ - - 1 - - 2 - 3 1 1 5 _ 5 1 1 1 " - - 2 2 35 24 17 7 10 2 25 5 17 1 13 5 _ 26 1 5 25 _ - _ - _ - - 1 - - - - - - 5 5 _ - _ _ • - Women Fitting 1. 84 1. 70 Fancy stitch ers__________ __ 29 Incentive________________ P a s te r s , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand__ ___ T im e____________________ Incentive________________ Skivers, machine, uppers or linings ^a/______________ Top s titch ersfb / ___________ Ya m pers 3b/________________ 19 1.90 32 17 15 1. 71 1.44 2.03 _ _ _ . 2 2 4 4 - - - - _ _ _ " - ~ _ “ 1 19 9 1. 67 1. 85 1.97 39 1.66 - - 2 2 1 22 1. 53 - - 1 2 3 12 6 2 . 16 1. 86 _ _ . - _ _ _ _ - " - ~ _ _ “ . 2 2 . _ . . . “ " “ " 10 11 . - . _ 2 2 - - _ 1 5 3 2 3 1 2 1 6 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 " 4 “ “ 1 2 2 2 4 5 18 4 - 1 8 2 2 - 4 _ 3 3 - 1 _ - 1 _ 2 2 i 1 - - - i _ _ 1 1 _ 1 3 _ _ 5 3 " 3 “ " 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 4 6 2 1 2 _ 2 6 _ 6 2 1 1 - ” 3 ” ” “ ' ' - “ 1 1 2 1 _ 2 - “ 1 _ _ 3 " 1 1 Finishing R ep a irers 3a /_________ M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls W ________ Men Cutting Cutters, lining, machine 3b / 4 _____________ Fa b ric lin in g __________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand^b/___________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, m ach in e_______ ___ T im e___________________ Inc entiv e____ .__________ 13 2. 67 34 2 . 59 6 28 Fitting Fancy stitch ers___________ T im e _ _ ________________ Incentive.. V a m p e rs fa / _______________ 41 12 29 7 2.42 2.63 2.01 1. 82 2 . 09 2. 33 ~ 1 1 1 4 _ _ 1 _ 1 " 2 2 1 6 5 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - 1 1 - - ' 1 1 3 3 ' ' ' ' ' , , _ 1 ~ " 1 1 1 1 1 Lasting A ssem blers fo r pu llover, machine 3b / ______________ H eel-sea t la sters *b/______ P u llo v e r -machine operators f b j ___ ___ ....... Side la sters , m achinefb/.. T o e la sters , automatic o r sem iautomatic *b / - - ~ 3 ~ - 3 - ' 3 3 1 3.00 2.46 _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 3. 10 - - - - - - - - 2. 47 1.93 7 See footnotes at end o f table, - 11 8 12 19 3 - 2 3 - 1 - _ 1 _ _ - - - 1 2 _ 3 1 - - - - - - - - 2 - _ - 1 2 - - - 1 _ - _ 1 1 2 1 - _ 1 1 - 3 - - - - 1 - j 1 - - ~ 1 1 1 1 - 2 Table 34. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif.1— Continued (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings Sex, department, and occupation 2 o f production w orkers in selected occupations, A p r il 1965) Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings ofNum- A v e r age ber $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $ 1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $ 2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 hourly of and and w ork- earn- Under under ings 2 $1.25 & M 0 ££££. $2.90 $ 3 . 0 0 S1 JQ. £1 , 20S I.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $ l r$0 $1,60 $ 1,70 $ 1,50 $ 1,90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 U J U L $2 .5 0 m s fl, $ 2 . 7 0 Men— Continued Bottoming and making FHge trim m ers 3h/ Heel attachers, machine ^b/_______________ Rough rounders *h / ____ Sbankers 3h/ Sole attach ers, cement process 3b/________________ 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 - - - - - - - l 2 _ _ _ 1 _ _ 1 1 ~ _ ■ 3 2 _ _ _ - _ - 2 - $2.49 8 2. 34 2 . 61 1.95 12 2 . 66 " 1. 52 1. 64 . 9 6 " _ _ 1 _ 1 - - 2 _ _ 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ l ■ ■ ” 1 1 1 3 ■ 1 ■ - - - 1 _ - 1 _ _ 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - l _ - l - - _ _ _ _ - _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 " _ 2 l " ‘ - - 1 ' Miscellaneous boys 3 /„ „ a __ Janitors 3a/Hl_______________ "F lo o r 1 2 3 4 11 9 . 2 _ _ - 4 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - The Los A ngeles— Long Beach Standard Metropolitan Statistical A rea consists of Los Angeles and Orange Counties. Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by method of wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Includes data fo r w ork ers in cla ssifica tion in addition to those shown separately. - - - Table 35. Occupational Earnings: Women’s Cement-Process (Slip-Lasted) Shoes— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and M iddle Atlantic, A p r il 1965)1 2 United States Department, occupation, and sex 2 Middle Atlantic A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Number of w orkers 38 27 187 148 $1. 78 1.92 2. 30 2. 36 15 14 62 58 $1.97 1.99 2 . 08 2. 09 218 1. 63 93 1.68 97 118 71 1. 50 1.96 2 . 01 33 79 41 1. 52 1. 78 1. 94 Cutting Cu tters, fabric lining, machine______________ _ M en __________________________________________ Cu tters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ M en _____________ __________ _______________ ___ Fitting Fancy stitchers (214 women and 4 men)_______ P a s te r s , backers, or fitters , upper, hand (85 women and 12 men)------------- -____________ P la tfo rm -c o v e r stitchers------------.------------ ---W om en __________ _ ____________ __________ ___ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (43 wom en and 2 men) —----------------------------Sock-lining stitchers (87 women and 21 m e n ) ___________________________ V am pers (a ll w om en )___________________________ 45 108 66 1. 61 6 1. 77 1.99 1. 79 65 26 1.93 1. 58 Lasting P la tfo rm -c o v e r lasters (38 men and 3 wom en)-------------------------------------------- 2 . 13 2. 14 Bottoming and making Sole attachers, cement process (42 men and 1 woman) ----------- ------------------- ----------- 43 2. 15 29 2 . 20 55 1.48 21 1. 54 105 59 46 57 33 24 1. 47 1.47 1. 48 1. 41 1. 46 2.46 53 27 26 25 16 9 1.43 1.43 1.43 1. 37 1. 61 2. 40 Finishing R ep a irers (51 women and 4 men)_______________ Miscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )___________________ _________ W om en_______________________________________ Mm Inspectors (crow ners) (54 women and 3 men)_„_ Janitors (a ll men)____________________________ — M echanics, maintenance (a ll men)--- ------------ 1 2 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to the Middle A tlantic. Table 36. Occupational Earnings: Women’s McKay (Including Littleway) Shoes— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States Departm ent, occupation, and sex 2 New England Middle Atlantic A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers Number of workers A vera g e hourly earnings 42 28 370 264 $2. 14 2. 24 2 . 11 2. 30 214 1. 54 87 1. 64 169 1.47 49 1. 56 - 1. 44 1. 57 63 25 34 1. 78 1. 88 1. 59 15 - 2 . 09 2 . 21 18 7 11 20 2. 23 2. 30 2 . 18 2 . 12 Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Cutting Cu tters, fa b ric lining, m achine________________ Men _ ____ _ ______ ____ ____ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ M en ------------------------------------------------------- 17 13 191 177 $2. 17 2 . 11 2. 52 2. 54 _ - 37 29 _ $1. 87 1.93 Fitting Fancy stitchers (193 women and 21 m e n )______ P a s te r s , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand (a ll w om en )____________________________________ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (125 women and 6 m en)________________________ Top stitchers (260 women and 1 man)__________ V am pers (a ll w om en )___________________________ 131 261 76 1. 68 1. 74 - Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine____________ W om en________________________________________ Men ___ _ _ _ H eel-sea t lasters (28 men and 3 women)_______ Pu llover-m a ch in e operators (38 men and 3 w om en )__________________________________ Side la sters , machine (41 men and 2 women)— T o e la sters , automatic or semiautomatic (a ll men)--------------------------------------------------- 37 19 18 31 1.97 1.96 41 43 2 . 01 2. 25 17 23 2. 55 2 . 28 41 2.40 26 2 . 68 2 . 21 1.96 2 . 02 25 32 26 66 2 . 39 2 . 08 2. 07 2 . 28 58 2. 32 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers (39 men and 10 w om en)________ H eel attachers, m a ch in e_______________________ Men ______ ______________ ________________ ____ L ittlew ay s titc h e rs ______________________________ M en ------------------------------------------------------- 49 54 37 114 101 2. 25 2. 19 180 54 1. 41 1. 66 81 14 1. 48 1. 55 1. 40 1. 54 1. 32 2 . 01 91 59 32 56 15 1.44 1.44 1.46 1.46 1. 32 _ 1. 88 1. 88 2 . 02 2 . 08 40 1. 31 1. 33 - 1. 79 191 _ 6 6 14 12 Finishing R ep airers (179 women and 1 m an)_____________ T r e e r s (46 women and 8 men)__________________ 1.41 M iscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )____________________________ Women _________ _________________ ______ ___ _ M en _______ __________ ____ ______ ____________ Inspectors (crow n ers) (80 women and 8 men)__ Janitors (a ll men)_______________________________ Mechanics, maintenance (a ll men)_____________ 1 2 101 90 88 25 18 6 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication crite ria . 2.92 21 - Table 37. Occupational Earnings: Misses’ and Children’s Cement-Process (Conventional-Lasted) Shoes— All Establishments (Num ber and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupatioiis, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States Departm ent, occupation, and sex Number of w orkers 2 1 A verage hourly earnings New England Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Middle Atlantic Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Southwest G reat Lakes Middle West Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Number of w orkers 9 _ _ 7 „ $ 1. 86 23 1.98 _ 28 - 1.81 1. 82 - A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers Average hourly earnings 14 67 26 41 $1.97 2 . 06 1.97 1. 99 2. 15 1. 96 2. 27 1.45 83 1. 61 _ 72 1. 56 44 76 79 1.70 1. 56 1. 62 36 2. 03 1.83 2 . 10 Cutting 20 - $2 . 12 2 . 10 - 64 _ 54 2. 40 _ 2.48 63 . 51 Cutters, fa bric lining, m ach in e________________ M en ______ _____________________________________ Cutters, leather lining, m achine._________ _____ 73 51 62 $1. 96 2. 04 2. 07 13 Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ W om en______________________________________ Men _____ _________________________________ 317 103 214 2. 15 1. 92 2 . 26 12 16 - $1. 77 1. 84 - - $2. 14 _ - _ 2. 24 49 _ 33 2 . 10 2 . 18 21 8 11 Fitting Fancy stitchers (a ll w om en )____________________ P a s te r s , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand (a ll w om en )_________________ __________ _________ S kivers, machine, uppers o r linings (a ll women) ___________________ , ___________ _ Top stitchers (a ll w om en )__ ____ ____________ Vam pers (231 women and 2 m en)____ ___________ 433 1. 54 90 1. 66 61 1.48 116 1. 43 45 367 1. 47 44 1. 51 70 1.42 101 1. 44 _ 157 250 233 1.66 1. 63 1. 68 20 41 46 I. 70 2 . 06 1.91 28 38 25 1. 83 1. 68 1.69 38 _ 1. 51 _ 15 29 27 162 59 103 1.94 1. 90 1.97 27 7 2 . 49 2. 58 2.46 22 _ . 1.99 _ _ 41 _ _ 95 64 79 2.07 1.99 2. 33 14 - 2. 15 - 19 16 . 2. 41 1.98 _ _ _ 135 2 . 28 25 2.62 16 2. 32 30 106 2. 14 - 35 2 . 19 153 2. 24 2.53 18 2. 03 2 . 18 1. 62 1. 57 2. 04 2. 15 21 8 6 10 6 26 22 26 24 57 39 23 146 96 6 2 . 09 _ 2. 05 - 183 158 25 1. 57 1. 57 1.47 2. 23 152 116 36 188 136 52 72 56 1.44 1.44 1.45 1.58 1. 52 1. 72 1. 35 2 . 10 - - 1. 62 1.48 1.47 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, m ach in e. ____ ____ Women ___________ __ _____________________ Men _____ _________-__ ______ __ ________ Bed-m achine operators (86 men and 9 wom en)___________________________________ H eel-s ea t la sters (a ll m e n )_______ ____________ Pu llover-m a ch in e operators (a ll m en)_________ Side la sters , machine (132 men and 3 w om en)________ ,. ___ ___________ T o e la sters , automatic o r semiautomatic (a ll men) ____ _________ _____ _____ Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers (a ll m e n )__ __________ _____ H eel attachers, machine (22 men and 2 w om en)___________ Rough rounders (a ll m en)__ ____________ ______ ... Shankers ___________ ____ ______ ____ ____ W om en____________________ __________ ____, Sole attachers, cem ent p r o c e s s _____________ __ M en -------------------------------------------------------Finishing R ep airers (198 women and 4 men) ____________ T r e e r s ____________ r ______ .___ __ ... , ____ , __ „ W o m e n __T — _______ ____________ Men ______ _________ _ _ ____ 202 20 - 2. 87 1.66 _ _ 18 13 _ 1. 77 1.69 _ _ _ 8 _ _ 2. 13 _ 2. 03 67 13 26 38 1.90 1. 88 1.97 1.97 - 2 . 18 2. 14 2. 87 1. 53 1.45 2 . 48 2. 54 _ _ _ 37 20 _ _ _ 1.93 2 . 01 _ _ _ _ 31 - 20 20 1.46 2. 32 _ 2. 32 40 _ _ - 1.44 _ _ - 52 60 60 - 1. 51 1.43 1.43 - 34 26 1.47 1.48 1.47 1. 56 1.55 _ 1.29 “ _ _ _ 16 16 _ _ _ 1.83 1. 83 _ 48 35 13 47 32 _ _ 1. 38 1. 38 1. 38 1.43 1.43 _ _ 1.95 38 _ 10 26 _ _ 48 _ _ 1. 97 _ _ _ _ 1.82 1.94 - 1. 77 1. 53 1. 51 - 24 17 7 54 39 15 17 15 1. 44 1.42 1.48 1.62 1. 52 1. 87 1. 37 2 . 08 _ _ _ 13 7 _ 1.87 1.90 _ _ _ _ 27 16 18 _ _ 1. 63 _ _ 36 57 53 - - M iscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )___________ ...______________ Wornen_____ „ _______________________ .. _____ „T. M en _____ ,__________________________ _______ . _ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )__________ ________________ W omen _ . . . . _______ ... .__ ......... ..... .. __ ........ M en _____ ___ ______________,___ ,______ _____„ Janitors (70 men and 2 w om en )_______________ _ Mechanics, maintenance (a ll men) ________ __ 1 2 8 23 20 6 " - Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported o r data that do not m eet publication crite ria . " 10 12 12 _ 28 _ _ 10 1.44 1.44 _ 1.64 _ 1. 33 - Table 38. Occupational Earnings: Misses’ and Children’s Goodyear-Welt Shoes— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 o f w orkers in selected occupations. United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) United States Departm ent, occupation, and sex 2 Number of workers A verag e hourly earnings 43 85 53 278 36 242 $ 1. 82 2. 24 2. 58 2. 73 2 . 11 2 . 82 G reat Lakes Middle Atlantic Number of w orkers A vera g e hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earning s M iddle West Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Cutting Cutters, fabric lining, machine (38 men and 5 w om en )_________________________ Cu tters, leather lining, machine______ _________ Men ____ _________________________ Cu tters, vamp and whole shoe, machine_______ W^m^n ____ ....... ... M en ------------------------------------------------------Fitting Fancy stitchers (431 women and 9 men)________ P a s te r s , backers, o r fitte rs , upper, hand (224 women and 1 man)________________________ S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (154 women and 4 men)________________________ Top stitchers (193 women and 9 men)__________ V am pers (258 women and 26 m en )_____________ 440 225 158 202 284 12 $ 1. 81 2 . 39 _ 2. 45 $1. 70 1. 68 1. 71 2. 17 1.92 2 . 21 37 _ 31 $2. 57 _ 2 . 62 43 _ 37 93 1.59 35 1.91 62 1. 71 66 1. 40 18 1. 55 37 1.45 1. 76 1.75 1. 86 49 53 69 1. 46 1. 51 1. 62 17 29 29 1. 67 1. 67 1. 77 28 42 38 2 . 00 30 1.96 9 2. 30 19 - 7 17 1. 82 1. 60 15 21 16 63 9 54 1. 66 1. 47 1. 64 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine (92 men and 10 w om en )________________ ___ _______ ______ Bed-machine operators (67 men and 1 wom an)___________________________________ H eel-s ea t lasters (37 men and 4 women)_______ Pu llo ver-m a ch in e operators (a ll men)_________ Side la sters , machine (a ll m e n )________________ Toe la sters , automatic o r semiautomatic (a ll m en)________________________________________ 102 68 41 122 136 2. 25 1.96 2.46 2. 52 118 2.43 Bottoming and making Bottom fille r s __________ _________________________ M en ______________________ _____________________ Edge trim m ers (161 men and 1 wom an)________ G oodyear stitchers (168 men and 2 w om en )___ H eel attachers, machine (50 men and 3 w om en)___________________________________ Ins earner s (a ll m en)_________ __________________ Rough rounders (64 men and 1 w om an)________ Sole le v e le rs , machine (20 men and 8 wom en)___________________________________ 41 22 1. 94 2. 27 12 13 27 26 9 13 1. 89 2. 77 2. 84 20 1. 74 2.43 2. 33 27 1.92 17 2 . 79 19 2. 05 1. 61 1.69 2. 15 2 . 01 18 14 _ _ 2. 71 2. 33 27 28 2. 36 2 . 20 12 2. 23 53 90 65 2 . 28 2 . 51 2 . 21 18 27 17 1. 85 1. 96 2 . 01 8 6 2 . 28 2 . 62 28 1.95 10 1. 68 7 1. 84 84 167 155 28 65 57 24 71 2. 55 1. 67 1. 65 2. 51 1. 77 141 90 153 95 58 44 39 1. 51 1. 56 1. 72 1. 68 1. 78 1.43 2. 27 20 2 . 68 121 22 2 . 22 1. 45 1.43 1.46 1. 42 M iscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )________________ ____________ W om en______ ____ ___________________________ _ Inspectors (c r o w n e rs )__________________ ________ W omen __________ ___ ________ ______ ______ Men ____ ____ ______ Janitors (a ll m en)_______________________________ M echan ics, maintenance (a ll men)_____________ 1 2 23 31 14 17 - 8 1. 53 1. 54 1. 53 1.60 1.47 - 2. 24 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. NO TE: 6 9 36 42 162 170 Finishing Edge setters (a ll m en)__________________ -_______ R e p a ir e r s ______ __ _____ ___________ ___ __ ____ W omen ______ „ __ ____ ____ ______ ___________ T r e e r s ___________________________________________ W om en________________________________________ 1. 89 1. 75 1. 88 2.03 1. 82 Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication c rite ria . - 8 _ 7 12 10 18 16 13 1. 81 1. 72 2 . 01 1. 86 16 1. 38 1.40 1. 74 1. 59 1. 98 1. 35 ■ 22 22 2. 64 1. 75 1. 72 1. 75 1. 75 11 6 6 11 1.71 1. 71 1.93 1. 61 31 19 14 13 19 - - - 2 . 00 2. 17 2 . 00 12 12 12 Table 39. Occupational Earnings: Misses’ and Children’s Goodyear-Welt Shoes— Southeastern Pennsylvania1 2 o f production w orkers (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings Sex, department, and occupation in selected occupations, A p r il 1965) Number of w orkers receivin g straight-tim e hourly earnings ofNum- A v e r age $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2.00 $ 2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $T50 hourly $1.25 $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 of and w ork- earnand under ers mgs $1.30 $1.35 $1.40 $1.45 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2,00 $2,10 $2,20 $2.30 $2,40 $2.50 $2,70 $2.80 $2.90 $3,00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 over _ 4 102 81 124 130 132 73 78 52 41 26 21 3 2 2 2 13 4 2 11 6 6 104 157 118 1, 294 $1. 63 _ _ _ _ _ 1 14 2 2 683 76 71 60 17 7 6 4 3 1 1. 50 98 97 78 58 79 9 4 2 64 43 34 20 17 10 11 2 3 2 2 “ 5 5 25 21 24 23 72 56 48 611 1. 78 59 59 $?,*>o A ll production w o r k e r s ____ M en ________-____________ ' Women Fitting Fancy stitchers ^a/ ________ P a s te r s , backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand____ _ Incentive______________ __ S k ivers, machine, uppers or linings_________________ Incentive_______________ _ Top stitch ers_______________ T im e_____________________ Vam pers 3b/ _______________ M iscellaneous F lo o r g ir ls 3a / _____________ Inspectors (crow n ers) *b/_ 12 13 - 3 3 2 6 2 4 6 8 2 1 4 _ 20 1.40 1.44 8 8 6 33 15 37 23 39 1.48 1. 50 1. 52 1. 46 1. 62 4 4 5 2 2 _ 2 2 3 3 6 27 1.48 5 1 10 12 1.66 1 . 66 2 2 23 _ _ _ _ _ 13 1. 73 1. 80 1.78 1.69 - " 33 2 . 12 - Finishing R ep airers 3b/_______________ 10 1. 59 38 63 3 5 _ - 6 2 - 10 2 2 5 1 3 3 _ _ - 2 1 1 3 _ 2 , 2 _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - - - - - - 2 _ - - - - 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 2 2 2 - 2 - - - - - “ - - 1 - - _ 1 3 - - - - 1 - 3 3 8 2 2 2 6 2 4 5 - 1 1 6 1 1 2 - 5 2 1 2 2 " ” 2 1 2 " " " “ 2 2 _ 2 2 2 - 9 3 - 1 _ _ - - - 4 5 2 2 2 - 2 2 _ 2 3 - - 1 - 1 - - 2 1 - 5 7 6 1 1 - 4 - 3 3 4 _ 3 1 _ _ 3 3 4 4 2 6 6 5 3 2 l 5 1 1 _ 2 “ > - 2 _ 1 _ 1 1 - 2 2 _ _ _ _ - _ _ 2 - - Men Cutting Cutters, lining, m achine.., Incentive___________ _ F abric lining 3a /______ .., Leather lining 3b/______ Cutters, vamp ancTwhole shoe, machine 3b/_______ _ 10 10 j 1 - 1 j 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - “ - " - 1 3 - - 2 - Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pu llover, machine 3b/ _____________ _ H eel-sea t la sters 3b/_._____ P u llo v e r -machine operators ^b/____________ _ Side la sters , machine^b/_ T oe la sters, automatic o r sem iautomatic 3b/___ _ 16 10 2 . 02 1.88 2 . 08 1 - - - “ _ _ 1 _ _ 1.76 - - - - 1 _ 5 20 2 . 00 - 1 - - - - 2 2 23 24 2. 14 2.07 2 1 2 2 - - - - - H _ _ _ _ - 2 1 3 10 1. 83 1.94 2. 05 13 2. 65 18 19 Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers V . ________ G oodyear stitchers \ > ! ____ H eel attachers, machine 3a / ____________ _ In sea m ersT .____ ____ _____ _ Rough rounders 3b / ________ 16 _ _ . " _ . _ _ 2 1 b l -------------- M iscellaneous Inspectors (crow n ers) 3a /.. Mechanics, maintenance 3a/__________ 4 2 1 7 ! ! 1 3 3 _ 4 _ 2 ~ 4 2 3 _ 2 2 5 - 1 1 2 2 2 1 8 1 12 2 1 - 3 - 1 1 13 1.50 - i 2 1 1 4 2 2. 15 - - - - - - - 1 6 2 - - - 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 1 3 1 1 3 - 1 - - 2 - - 2 6 6 1 - 2 “ Finishing Edge s e tte r s J 1 The Southeastern Pennsylvania area consists of Berks, Dauphin, Lancester, Lebanon, and Schuykill Counties. Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Insufficient data to w arrant presentation o f separate averages by method o f wage payment; (a) predominantly tim ew orkers, and (b) predominantly incentive w orkers. Table 40. Occupational Earnings: Misses’, Children’s, and Infants’ Stitchdown Shoes— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and Middle Atlantic, A p ril 1965) United States D epartm ent, occupation, and sex Number of workers 2 Middle Atlantic A verage hourly earnings Number of w orkers A verage hourly earnings Cutting Cutters, fa bric lining, m achine-------------------M en ___________________________________________ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine--------M en ------------------------------------------------------- 21 201 88 $1.47 1.35 1.71 2.17 88 70 $1.74 1.45 2.04 2.15 320 1.48 46 1.82 76 1.34 20 1.37 64 268 1.48 1.45 1.41 28 47 75 1.61 1.90 1.62 39 1.65 52 88 1.74 2.13 1.75 - 32 2.40 _ 41 2.02 36 13 7 Fitting Fancy stitchers (314 women and 6 men)---------P a sters, backers, or fitte rs , upper, hand (a ll w om en )--------------------- -----------------------S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (a ll w om en )_________....___ — _________ -________ Top stitchers (197 women and 5 men)------------Vam pers (261 women and 7 men)------------------- 202 Lasting A ssem b lers fo r pullover, machine (22 men and 17 wom en)________________________ Pu llover-m achin e operators (50 men and 2 wom en)--------------------------------------------Thread la sters (a ll m en)------------------------------Toe fo rm e rs (a ll m en)---------------------------------Tpe la sters , automatic or semiautomatic (39 men and 2 wom en)..________________________ 42 _ Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers (a ll men)_______________________ _ Goodyear stitchers (115 men and 5 w om en)___ H eel attachers, machine (a ll men)----------------Rough rounders (a ll m en).—----------- --------------- 46 50 2.27 2.04 1.67 1.69 25 99 81 120 31 48 11 2.54 2.37 1.73 23 1.86 1.69 1.44 74 1.45 1.35 1.34 1.35 1.35 1.32 45 27 18 9 1.40 1.40 1.39 Finishing Bottom scou rers (24 men and 1 woman)---------R ep airers (a ll wom en)____________ ______________ _ Miscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )_______ -______________ ______ W om en ___.. . __ _____ ________ ....._____ M flr i _ . . . . ....................... - Inspectors (crow n ers) (30 women and 3 men) — Janitors (a ll m en)__ _____________________________ Mechanics, maintenance (a ll m en).---------------- 1 2 100 53 47 33 26 28 2.01 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to Middle Atlantic. NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication c rite ria . 11 - 1.33 2.32 Table 41. Occupational Earnings: Moccasin-Constructed Shoes W ith Hand-Sewn Plug— All Establishments (Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings 1 of w orkers in selected occupations, United States and New England, A p r il 1965) United States Department, occupation, and sex 2 New England Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings 107 83 $2.42 2.55 129 28 51 27 1. 83 1. 68 Number of w orkers A verag e hourly earnings Cutting Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine____ __ Men ___________________ ____________________ 86 67 $2. 40 2. 52 1. 59 93 1. 55 1. 67 11 1. 82 36 1. 87 Fitting Fancy stitchers (128 women and 1 man)________ P a s te r s , backers, or fitters , upper, hand (a ll women) ------------------------------------ ------S kivers, machine, uppers or linings (a ll w om en )_____________________ _______ ______ Top stitchers (a ll w om en )-------------------- ---- --- 21 1.66 Lasting H eel-s ea t la sters (a ll m e n )__________ 2. 17 2. 17 ________ Bottoming and making Edge trim m ers (a ll m e n )______ _______________ G oodyear stitchers (a ll m en )-----------------------H eel attachers, machine (a ll men)----------------L ittlew ay stitchers (a ll m en )___________________ Sole attachers, cement process (14 men and 2 w om en)-------------------------------------------- 2. 84 2. 51 16 40 2. 64 2. 25 2 . 12 2. 31 13 31 16 2 . 11 11 2 . 08 2. 14 1. 52 14 30 2. 33 1.44 29 19 1.48 1.41 1.62 21 11 10 1. 51 1.40 1. 62 39 1.45 1.40 23 21 18 12 2 . 12 2. 32 Finishing Edge setters (a ll men)_______________________ ___ R ep a irers (a ll women)____________________._____ 20 37 M iscellaneous F lo o r boys (o r g ir ls )_________ _________ __ ____ Worn en ___ ______ ______________________ ____ Men ____ ____ __ .._____ _______ ______ Inspectors (crow n ers) (27 women and 12 m en)__ __________ _______ _ __ ____ Janitors (a ll men)--------------------------------------- 10 10 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes data fo r regions in addition to New England. 30 8 1.43 1.40 Table 42. Method of Wage Payment (P ercen t o f production w orkers in footwear manufacturing establishments by method o f wage payment, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) Method o f w age payment 1 United States 2 100 A ll w orkers New England 100 Incentive w orkers _ ___________________________ Individual piecew ork ______________ __ -____ Group p ie c e w o rk ____________________________ _ Individual bonus________________________ __ _ Group bonus-------------------------------------------- 71 69 ( 3) 1 1 (?) (?) ( 3) T im e -ra te d w ork ers _ __________________________ F o rm a l pla n ____ ________ ____________ _____ Single r a t e _____ ________________ _______ Range o f rates ______ ___ ____ _ Individual ra tes____ ______ ________ _______ 29 7 4 3 31 5 4 1 2 3 22 69 68 1 26 Middle Atlantic 100 61 61 (?) ( 3) 39 3 3 35 Border States 100 Southwest 100 83 83 ( 3) - 74 73 17 26 3 3 23 8 4 4 10 - 1 1 G reat Lakes Middle West 100 100 78 70 ( 3) 3 81 80 ( 3) - 6 22 P a c ific 100 47 47 - - - 53 5 14 13 3 9 9 - 19 5 - 1 1 1 52 F o r definitions o f methods o f wage payment, see appendix A. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L ess than 0. 5 percent. NO TE: Because o f rounding, sums o f individual items may not equal totals. Table 43. Scheduled Weekly Hours (P ercen t o f production w orkers in footwear manufacturing establishments by scheduled w eekly hours , United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 2 W eekly hours A ll w ork ers- _ __ ______ ________ __ Under 32 h ou rs__________________________________ 32 hours ____ _________ _______________________ O ver 32 and under 40 hours____________________ _ 40 h o u rs ..______ ____ ____________ ________ _ 44 hours _____________________ ______ ____ — _ O ver 44 hours 1 2 3 New England Middle Atlantic Border States Southwest 100 100 100 100 100 100 ! 4 . . _ 95 . 9 77 13 . _ 7 1 2 2 91 - 1 1 98 2 6 2 92 - 3 Data relate to the predominant work schedule for fu ll-tim e day-shift w orkers in each establishment. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L ess than 0. 5 percent. NO TE: G reat Lakes Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 1 1 2 89 1 Middle West 100 ( 3) 6 1 88 1 4 P a c ific 100 - 100 - Table 44. Paid Holidays (P ercen t of production workers in footw ear manufacturing establishments with form al provisions fo r paid holidays, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) Number of paid holidays United States 1 New England Middle Atlantic Border States Southwest A ll w ork ers________________________________ 100 100 100 100 100 W orkers in establishments providing paid h olid a y s_________________________ _______ 96 97 98 100 8 12 6 8 5 26 _ 7 86 12 - - - 14 - 23 9 54 13 27 L ess than 5 d a ys____________________________ 5 d a y s______________ ____________________ _ 5 days plus 2 half d a ys_____________________ 6 d a y s_______________________________________ 6 days plus 1 or 2 half days________________ 7 d a ys__________________________________ ___ 7 days plus 1 or 2 half days______________ 8 d a y s___________________________ ____ — M ore than 8 days____________________________ W orkers in establishments providing no paid h olidays____________________________ - 1 2 (2) 15 3 14 3 36 4 4 20 5 36 8 3 10 5 12 9 2 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L ess than 0. 5 percent. N O T E : Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. - 26 4 44 Great Lakes Middle West P a cific 100 100 100 96 99 100 _ 1 2 _ 11 (2) 14 13 13 4 41 - 1 14 4 - 5 - 22 68 i - - 10 11 79 - Table 45. Paid Vacations (P ercen t o f production w orkers in footwear manufacturing establishments with form al provisions fo r paid vacations after selected periods of service, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) United States 1 Vacation policy AU w ork ers_________________________________ 100 New England 100 Middle Atlantic 100 B order States Great Lakes Middle West P a cific 100 100 100 100 95 71 23 - 99 76 23 - 100 100 90 10 5 100 Southwest (2) - 94 Method o f payment W orkers in establishments providing paid vac ations________ ____________ ________ _ L en gth -of-tim e paym ent___ ____ _________ Percen tage payment----- _-------------------------O th er_______________________________________ W orkers in establishments providing no paid vacations----------- ----------------- -------Amount of vacation pay 3 A fter 1 year of service: Under 1 week-_-_______ _____ ________-_______ 1 we e k——— ——— — —— ——— —— —— —— — O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s -----------------------2 w e e k s ----- — ------------------------------------A fter 3 years of service: Under 1 week_______________________________ _ .............. . .......... 1 wook O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ___________________ 2 w eek s____ ________________________________ A fte r 5 years o f service: Under 1 week___________________ ____________ 1 week_______________________________________ — O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s -----------------------2 w e e k s __________ _____ ________________ __ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s-----------------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------A fte r 10 years of service: Under 1 week_______________ ________________ 1 week_________________ _____________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s -----------------------2 w e e k s _______________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s _______ ____________ 3 w eek s------------------------------------------------ 100 99 63 36 (2) 99 50 49 ( 2) 1 1 1 1 3 93 3 ( 2) 99 _ - 88 90 3 5 3 92 ( 2) 4 (2) 93 88 86 8 1 15 1 2 16 1 ( 2) 24 3 71 - 4 96 - 27 _ ( 2) 4 96 _ - 68 4 _ 56 39 27 _ 36 32 ( 2) 19 72 1 6 1 4 19 77 _ - - 27 _ 36 32 _ “ 2 94 (2) 2 1 81 ( 2) 79 - 1 2 13 1 1 13 (2) 79 4 2 A fter 15 years of service: Under 1 week______ ___ ______ ______________ 1 week__________ — __ ____________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ___________________ 2 w e e k s __ _________________ ____-_________ ____ O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s -------------------- -— 3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------- 31 A fte r 25 years of service: Under 1 week------------------------------------------1 week_________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s -----------------------2 w eek s----------------------------------- -----------O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ___________________ 3 w eek s__________________________________ — O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ___________________ 4 w eek s-------------------------------------------------- 13 ( 2) 52 ( 2) 32 (*) ( 2) 1 13 ( 2) 54 1 1 2 81 (2) 2 2 1 13 75 - 8 2 1 13 75 - 8 - 99 53 45 6 1 20 74 1 4 ( 2) 19 _ 72 2 6 1 2 3 95 5 - 9 3 9 3 86 8 - _ 100 _ 83 9 7 94 1 _ 90 - 5 10 - 3 11 3 2 (2) 98 - 27 - ( 2) _ - - - 100 2 68 - 99 ( 2) - 78 21 1 (2) 28 72 ( 2) 28 69 1 2 - 1 94 1 - 3 _ 93 3 1 _ 3 _ 13 1 82 3 _ 13 82 _ 1 _ - - _ 89 _ - 11 _ 89 _ _ 11 _ 89 _ _ 11 _ 89 _ _ _ - Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L ess than 0. 5 percent. Vacation payments such as percent of annual earnings w ere converted to an equivalent tim e basis. P eriod s of service w ere a rb itra rily chosen and do not n ecess a rily re flect individual establishment provisions fo r progression. F o r example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years may include changes which occurred between 5 and 10 years. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Table 46 . Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P ercen t of production w orkers in footw ear manufacturing establishments with specified health, insurance, and pension plans, United States and selected regions, A p r il 1965) Type o f plan 1 A l l w orkers United States 2 New England Middle Atlantic Border States Southwest Great Lakes Middle West P a c ific __ ______ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 83 41 41 77 60 17 87 65 91 15 76 80 23 58 94 89 89 36 45 31 14 48 40 15 8 14 5 9 62 62 44 18 63 63 45 18 46 46 33 13 82 82 42 40 - - W orkers in establishments providing: L ife insurance. _______ E m ployer financed___ Jointly financed__ _ , A ccidental death and dismemberment insurance.... . ____ _____ .... _____ _. E m ployer financed.....___________________ Jointly financed _ „ ____ Sickness and accident insurance or sick lea ve or both 3 ____ ______ __ __ ________ Sickness and accident insurance..________ Em ployer financed___ Jointly financed. _______ ______ Sick leave (fu ll pay, no waiting p eriod )..________ ________ ___ ___ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period )—___ ________ _______ __ Hospitalization___________ _ ____ Em ployer financed._______________________ ___ _ Jointly financed—___ ___ ______ __ Surgical insurance _ __ ___ _ ___ Em ployer financed _ . Jointly finaneed______________________ .___ M ed ica l insurance ------------------ ---------------___ . . _ Em ployer financed Jointly financed ___ —______ —____ — . Catastrophe insurance_____________ _________ E m ployer financed____ _____________ _____ Jointly financed ___ _______ ______ R etirem ent pension.—..______—______________ Em ployer financ ed-------------------- -------- , Jointly financed _ _ __ __^ No plans ___ __ __ r . . ___ 20 1 87 54 33 85 52 33 62 39 23 7 3 4 43 43 - 5 82 48 34 81 47 34 66 38 28 6 2 4 31 31 - 10 22 68 1 66 20 _ 20 52 52 41 10 _ 90 63 27 87 59 28 40 17 23 3 . 3 15 15 _ 3 3 84 42 42 82 42 40 77 37 40 _ _ _ 44 44 . 2 26 3 24 78 76 42 34 _ . 95 59 36 95 59 36 68 41 27 20 8 12 42 42 _ 5 2 83 37 47 83 37 47 53 28 25 7 5 2 85 85 . 2 10 84 21 _ 21 88 88 77 11 12 12 _ _ _ . . _ (4) 94 84 _ 89 89 94 84 89 89 93 84 9 4 _ 4 79 79 77 77 _ _ _ _ 67 67 . 10 10 2 11 1 Includes only those plans fo r which at least part o f the cost is borne by the em ployer. L e g a lly required plans such as w orkm en's compensation and social security w ere excluded; how ever, those plans required by State tem porary disability insurance laws a re included if the em ployer contributed m ore than is legally required or the em ployees received benefits in excess o f legal requirem ents. Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. 3 Unduplicated total o f w orkers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately. 4 L ess than 0. 5 percent. N O TE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals. Table 47. Nonproduction Bonuses (P ercen t of production workers in footwear manufacturing establishments with specified types o f nonproduction bonuses, United States and selected regions, A p ril 1965) Type of bonus A ll w orkers W orkers in establishments with nonproduction bonuses_________________________ Christm as o r yearen d_______________________ P r o fit sharing_________________________ _____ O th er_______________ _______ ______ _____ W orkers in establishments with no nonproduction bonuses_____________________ 1 2 United States 1 New England Middle Atlantic 100 100 100 26 10 6 50 48 - 19 5 1 74 3 ( 2) 90 1 50 Includes data fo r regions in addition to those shown separately. L ess than 0. 5 percent. NO TE: Because o f rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. B order States Southwest Great Lakes Middle West P a c ific 100 100 100 100 100 14 25 16 9 5 - 86 39 13 4 - - 4 - - 21 6 75 61 96 8 - - 100 Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey Scope of Survey sh o or C la S ep T h e s u r v e y in c lu d e d e s t a e s (e x c e p t h o u s e s lip p e r s a n d sp o r tsw e a r (in d u s tr y 3 1 4 1 s s ific a tio n M a n u a l a n d 1 9 6 3 a r a te a u x ilia r y u n its s u c h a s a t th e b li s h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in t h e p r o d u c t io n o f b o o t s r u b b e r fo o tw e a r ) d e sig n e d p r im a r ily fo r s tr e e t, w o r k , a s d e f in e d in t h e 1 9 5 7 e d it io n o f th e S ta n d a r d I n d S u p p le m e n t, p r e p a r e d b y th e U . S . B u r e a u o f th e B u c e n t r a l o f f ic e s w e r e e x c lu d e d . T h e e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d w e r e s e le c t e d fr o m t h o s e e m p lo y in g 5 0 w o r k e r s t im e o f r e f e r e n c e o f th e d a ta u s e d in c o m p ilin g th e u n iv e r s e l i s t s . and p la y u str i d g e t) or m ore T h e n u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s a c tu a lly s t u d ie d b y th e B u r e a u , a s w e ll a s th e n u m b e r e s t im a t e d to b e w ith in s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y d u r in g th e p a y r o ll p e r io d s t u d ie d a r e s h o w n in t h e t a b le o n t h e f o llo w in g p a g e . In d u str y B r a n c h e s T h e c la s s if ic a t io n o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y in d u s tr y b r a n o f th e p r in c ip a l ty p e o f fo o tw e a r m a n u fa c tu r e d . F o r e x a m m e n t's p r o d u c t w a s 6 0 p e r c e n t w o m e n 's M c K a y s h o e s a n d 4 0 ( c o n v e n t io n a l- la s t e d ) s h o e s , a l l w o r k e r s in th a t e s t a b li s h m M cK ay sh oe b ran ch . c h w a s d e te r m in e p le , if th e v a lu e p e r c e n t w o m e n 's e n t w e r e in c lu d e d d o n th e b a s is o f a n e s ta b lis h c e m e n t-p r o c e ss in th e w o m e n ' M e th o d o f S tu d y D a ta w e r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s it s o f B u r e a u f ie ld e c o n o m is t s u n d e r th e d ir e c t io n o f th e B u r e a u 's A s s is t a n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r s fo r W a g e s a n d I n d u s tr ia l R e la tio n s . T h e s u r v e y w a s c o n d u c te d o n a s a m p le b a s i s . T o o b ta in a p p r o p r ia te a c c u r a c y a t m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r tio n o f la r g e r a th e r th a n o f s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w a s s t u d ie d . In c o m b in in g th e d a ta h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w e r e g iv e n th e ir a p p r o p r ia te w e ig h t. A ll e s t im a t e s a r e p r e s e n t e d t h e r e f o r e , a s r e la t in g to a l l e s t a b li s h m e n t s in t h e in d u s t r y , e x c lu d in g o n ly t h o s e b e lo w t h m in im u m s iz e a t th e t im e o f r e f e r e n c e o f th e u n iv e r s e d a ta . E s ta b lis h m e n t D e fin itio n A n e s ta b lis h m e n t, fo r p u r p o s e s w h e r e in d u s tr ia l o p e r a tio n s a r e p e r fo r m th e c o m p a n y , w h ic h m a y c o n s is t o f o n e a n d " p la n t" h a v e b e e n u s e d in t e r c h a n g o f th is stu d y , e d . A n e sta b e s ta b lis h m e n t e a b ly in t h is is d e fin e d a s a s in g le p h y s ic a l lo c a t io n lis h m e n t is n o t n e c e s s a r il y id e n t ic a l w ith or m ore. T h e t e r m s " e s ta b lis h m e n t" b u lle tin . E m p lo y m e n t T h e e s t im a t e s o f th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e stu d y a r e in te n d e d a s a g e n e r a l g u id e to th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s it io n o f th e la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in t h e s u r v e y T h e a d v a n c e p la n n in g n e c e s s a r y to m a k e a w a g e s u r v e y r e q u ir e s th e u s e o f lis t s e s t a b li s h m e n t s a s s e m b l e d c o n s id e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f t h e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d . P r o d u c tio n W o r k e r s T h e t e r m " p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s ," a s u s e d in t h is b u ll e t i n , in c lu d e s w o r k in g f o r e m e n a n d a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in n o n o f f ic e f u n c t io n s . A d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u t i v e p r o f e s s io n a l, a n d te c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l, a n d fo r c e -a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s , w h o w e r e u t i l i z e d a s a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r thee o inr m ' s o w n p r o p e r t i e s , w e r e e x c l u d e d . c f 67 68 E s tim a te d N u m ber o f E sta b lish m en ts and W o r k e rs W ith in Scope o f the S u rvey and N u m ber Studied, F o o tw e a r M an ufactu ring E sta b lish m e n ts, A p r i l 1965 N u m ber o f esta b lish m en ts In du stry bran ch , r e g io n , 1 and a re a 23 A l l esta b lish m en ts: U nited S ta te s 5____ ____ ____ __ ____ ____ _____ __ . N ew England T _____ M id d le A t la n t ic ___ ________________________ B o rd e r States ______ __ ___ ___________ __________________ __ Southwest— _____ ____________ ________ ______________________________ G re a t L a k e s _____________ _______________________________ ________ ____________ M id d le W e s t ______ _ __ _ ________________________________________ P a c i f i c __________ _ M en 's G o o d y e a r-w e lt d r e s s shoes: U nited States 5 _ ----------------------------------------------------------N ew E n gla n d 6 _______________________________________________________________ B roc k ton , M a ss _______________________________________________ G re a t L a k e s 6_______________ _______________________________ W is cons i n ___ ___ ___ ______________ ______ _____________________ M id d le W e s t _______________________________________________ M e n 's G o o d y e a r - w e lt w o r k shoes: U n ited S ta te s 5_________________________________________________ N ew England . .. _ ___, ___ . . G re a t L a k e s __________________ __ ______ ___________________ M e n 's c e m e n t-p ro c e s s shoes: U nited S ta te s 5 __________ _____________________ ___ ___ ____ __ _ N e w England _ _ _ _ _ _________________ _______ _________ Prrfiat T le ft s _ _ _____ W om en 's c e m e n t-p ro c e s s (c o n v e n tio n a l-la s te d ) shoes: U nited S ta te s 5____________________________________________________________________ N ew E n gla n d 6 _______ ___ ____ __________ __________________________ M a in e _____________ _____ ____________________________________________________ Boston—L yn n , M a s s ___________________________________ H a v e r h ill, M a s s ________________________________________ La w r enc e— o w e l l , M a s s ____________ ________________ L W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ______________________________________ S ou theastern N e w H a m p s h ire________________________ M id d le A tla n tic 6 „ __ ____________________ _ N ew Y o r k , N . Y ____ «._______________ ____________________ B o rd e r States _______ _______ ______________ _________ ________ S o u th w e s t __________ „ ______________________________ _______ A rk a n sa s ______________________________________________________ __ _ G r eat L a k e s _______________________________________ ________ _____ ___________ M id d le W e s t 6________________________________________________________________ M is s o u r i________ ________ ___ __ _______ ____________ ________________ P a c i f i c ____ ________ ____________ _____________ L o s A n g e le s —L ong B each , C a l i f _____________________ W om en 's c e m e n t-p ro c e s s (s lip - la s t e d ) shoes: U n ited States 5______ __ _______________________ _____ _ M id d le A tla n tic _________ _____________________ __________ W o m en 's M c K a y (in clu d in g L ittle w a y ) shoes: U nited S ta te s 5___________________________________ _______ _______ _ _______ N ew England __________________________________________ ____________________ M id d le A t la n t ic _____________________________________________________________ M is s e s ' and c h ild re n 's c e m e n t-p ro c e s s (c o n v e n tio n a l-la s te d ) shoes: U nited S ta te s 5______________________________________________________ __________ N ew England ___ ___________________________________ _____________ _ — M id d le A tla n tic __ __ __________ ______________________________________ Southwest __________________ _________________________ __ — ------G re a t L a k e s _______ ____ _____ _________ ________ ____ _________ __ __ M id d le W e s t ________________________________________________ M is s e s ' and c h ild re n 's G o o d y e a r - w e lt shoes: U nited S ta te s 5 ______________ ____________ _______________ M id d le A tla n tic 6___________________________________________ S ou theastern P e n n s y lv a n ia _______________ _________ _ G re a t L a k es , ____ ____ _____ __ ____ ____ ______ ________________ M id d le W e s t ......................................................................................................... M is s e s ', c h ild r e n 's , and in fa n ts' stitch dow n sh oes: U n ited S ta te s 5 ________ _________________________ ____ ___ ________ — M id d le A t la n t ic _____________________________________________________________ M o cca sin -co n stru c te d shoes w ith han d-sew n plug: U nited S ta te s 5 — ------------— --------------------------------- ----------------N ew England _____ _______ — ___________________ _______________ _ W ithin scope o f study 657 220 W o r k e rs in esta b lish m en ts 3 W ith in scope o f study Studied 456 168 95 15 17 67 54 T o t a l4 192 , 661 P ro d u c tio n w ork ers 173,804 60,400 33,404 Studied T o ta l 8,077 26,978 19,213 1,435 141,447 53,410 22,633 4,8 69 5,958 24,350 18,309 1,492 11 66,687 37,161 7,2 42 8,959 30,462 20,998 1,608 7 61 25 13 19 14 5 35,917 11 , 340 5,085 9,4 55 5,770 2,683 30,958 9,831 4, 311 7,8 28 4 ,7 8 2 2,472 23, 293 8,645 4,561 7,9 36 4,251 1,845 27 24 8 8 8,5 23 7, 218 2,427 7,499 1,679 2, 113 18 7,8 18 3,884 2,600 7, 208 3,526 2,448 5,792 3,014 2 , 111 81,899 34,618 8,855 4,299 3, 193 4,0 91 2, 332 9,7 38 15, 334 2,705 4, 100 2,673 2,673 65,892 27,803 6,373 3,703 2,549 3,700 1,754 8 , 191 11,502 10,452 10,380 1,263 1,263 74,922 31,888 8 , 122 3,881 2,955 3,833 2 , 192 8,985 13,691 2,293 3,834 2,480 2,480 9 ,4 0 3 9,5 66 9,5 10 1, 133 1, 133 170 22 26 90 62 13 97 35 16 25 20 8 9 24 14 6 254 103 19 16 14 13 6 26 58 17 11 7 7 25 31 30 9 9 27 14 11 5 196 80 14 14 10 11 5 20 39 12 9 7 7 16 27 26 9 9 1 ,8 8 6 1 0 ,2 2 2 6 ,6 9 2 1 ,8 8 6 2, 171 2 ,0 9 0 3,274 2,6 73 2,673 7, 380 9 , 102 9,0 30 1,263 1,263 10 22 5,819 2,704 5,406 2,514 4, 189 1,943 9 , 120 13 3 5, 144 1,053 8 , 335 4 ,6 8 3 987 6 , 367 4 ,0 1 8 733 39 13 7 5 4 28 11 11,013 2, 294 4 3 3 5 2,007 1,264 2, 328 31 13 25 11 6 9 , 106 8 5 4 4 4 2,408 1,482 1, 150 1,237 8 , 207 2, 124 1,294 970 1, 155 23 13 13 7 4,7 68 1 ,8 6 8 4 ,4 40 2,6 33 9 7 3,609 2,718 3,323 2,478 3,410 2, 519 35 19 5 6 10 8 19 1 ,9 0 0 1 0 ,0 9 6 2,076 1,785 1,826 1, 179 2,085 1 ,6 9 2 7,8 54 1,897 1, 184 1,247 959 1,957 7,281 1,999 1,073 896 1, 237 901 1 The regions used in this study include: New England— Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic— New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; Border States— Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia; Southwest— Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; Great Lakes—Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin; Middle West— Iowa, Kansas, M issouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; and Pacific— California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. 2 See individual area tables, for definition of areas studied separately. 3 Includes only establishments with 50 workers or more at the time of reference of the universe data. 4 Includes executive, professional, office, and other w o r k e r s excluded from the production-worker category. 5 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown s e p a r a te ly . Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the study. 6 Includes data for areas (or States) in addition to those shown separately. O c c u p a tio n s S e le c te d fo r S tu d y O c c u p a tio n a l c la s s if ic a t io n w a s b a s e d o n a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t o f in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t a n d in t e r a r e a v a r i a t io n s in d u t ie s w it h in th e s a m e jo b (S e e a p p e n d ix B fo r t h e s e jo b d e s c r ip t io n s .) T h e o c c u p a tio n s w e r e c h o s e n fo r t h e ir n u m e r ic a l im p o r t a n c e , t h e ir u s e f u ln e s s in c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g , o r t h e ir r e p r e s e n t a t i v e n e s s o f th e n t ir e jo b s c a l e in t h e in d u s t r y . W o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s , a p p r e n t i c e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g i n n e r s t r a in e e s , h a n d ic a p p e d , p a r t - t im e , t e m p o r a r y , a n d p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s w e r e n o t r e p o r te d in t h e d a ta f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , b u t w e r e in c lu d e d in t h e d a ta f o r a l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s . W a g e D a ta p p o p T he w age r e m iu m p a y fo r a y m e n ts, su ch a f-liv in g b o n u s e s , a y m e n ts, su ch a in fo r m a tio n r e la t e s to a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly o v e r tim e a n d fo r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , a n d s t h o s e r e s u lt in g fr o m p ie c e w o r k o r p r o d u c tio n b o n w e r e in c lu d e d a s p a r t o f th e w o r k e r s ’ r e g u la r p a y ; b u s C h r is tm a s o r y e a r e n d b o n u s e s , w e r e e x c lu d e d . A v e r a g e h o u r ly r a t e s o r e a r n in g s fo r e a c h o c c u p a tio n o r s u c h a s m e n , w o m e n , o r p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s , w e r e c a lc u la t e d h o u r ly e a r n in g s ) , b y th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g th e r a t e th e n u m b e r o f in d iv id u a ls . T h e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f s a la r ie d w o r k e r s s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r y b y n o r m a l r a th e r th a n a c tu a l h o u r s . S iz e e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g la te s h if t s . I n c e n tiv u s sy ste m s and c o st t n o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u s o th e r g ro u p o f w o r k e r s , b y w e ig h tin g e a c h r a te (o , to ta lin g , a n d d iv id in g b w e r e o b ta in e d b y d iv id in g o f C o m m u n ity T a b u la tio n s b y s iz e o f c o m m u n ity p e r t a in to m e tr o p o lita n a n d n o n m e tr o p o lit a n a r e a s . T h e t e r m " m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a ," a s u s e d in t h is b u l l e t i n , r e f e r s to t h e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t is t i c a l A r e a s a s d e f in e d b y th e U .S . B u r e a u o f t h e B u d g e t in 1 9 6 1 . E x c e p t in N e w E n g la n d , a S ta n d a r d M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a i s d e f in e d a s a c o u n ty o r g r o u p o f c o n tig u o u s c o u n tie s w h ic h c o n ta in s a t le a s t 1 c it y o f 5 0 , 0 0 0 in h a b ita n ts o r m o r e . C o n t ig u o u s c o u n t ie s to t h e o n e c o n t a in in g s u c h a c i t y a r e in c lu d e d in a S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , if , a c c o r d in g to c e r ta in c r it e r ia , th e y a r e e s s e n t ia lly m e t r o p o lit a n in c h a r a c t e r a n d a r e s o c i a l l y a n d e c o n o m ic a lly in t e g r a t e d w it h t h e c e n t r a l c i t y In N e w E n g la n d , w h e r e th e c it y a n d to w n a r e a d m in is t r a t iv e ly m o r e im p o r t a n t th a n th e c o u n ty , t h e y a r e th e u n it s u s e d in d e f in in g S ta n d a r d M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t i c a l A r e a s . M e th o d of W age P aym en t T a b u la tio n s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t r e la t e to th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s p a id u n d e r th e v a r io u s tim e a n d in c e n tiv e w a g e s y s t e m s . F o r m a l r a te s t r u c tu r e s fo r tim e - r a t e d w o r k e r s p r o v id e s in g le r a t e s o r a r a n g e o f r a t e s fo r in d iv id u a l jo b c a t e g o r ie s . In th e a b s e n c e o f f o r m a l r a te s t r u c t u r e , p a y r a t e s a r e d e te r m in e d p r im a r ily w ith r e f e r e n c e to th e q u a lif ic a t io n s o f th e in d iv id u a l w o r k e r . A s i n g le r a t e s t r u c t u r e is o n e in w h ic h th e s a m e r a t e i s p a id t a l l e x p e r ie n c e d w o r k e r s in t h e s a m e jo b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . L e a r n e r s , a p p r e n t ic e s , o r p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s m a y b e p a id a c c o r d in g to r a t e s c h e d u le s w h ic h s t a r t b e lo w th e s in g le r a te a n d p e r m it th e w o r k e r s to a c h ie v e th e f u ll jo b r a t e o v e r a p e r io d o f t im e . I n d iv id u e x p e r ie n c e d w o r k e r s m a y o c c a s io n a lly b e p a id a b o v e o r b e lo w th e s in g le r a t e fo r s p e c ia r e a s o n s , b u t s u c h p a y m e n ts a r e r e g a r d e d a s e x c e p tio n s . R a n g e o f r a te p la n s a r e t h o s e i w h ic h th e m in im u m a n d /o r m a x im u m r a t e s p a id e x p e r ie n c e d w o r k e r s fo r th e s a m e jo b a r e s p e c if ie d . S p e c if ic r a t e s o f in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w ith in th e r a n g e m a y b e d e te r m in e d b y m e r it , le n g th o f s e r v ic e , o r a c o m b in a t io n o f v a r io u s c o n c e p t s o f m e r it a n d le n g th o f s e r v ic e I n c e n tiv e w o r k e r s a r e c la s s if ie d u n d e r p ie c e w o r k o r b o n u s p la n s . P ie c e w o r k is w o r k fo w h ic h a p r e d e t e r m in e d r a t e is p a id fo r e a c h u n it o f o u tp u t. P r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e b a s e d o n p r o d u c t io n in e x c e s s o f a q u o ta o r f o r c o m p le t io n o f a jo b in l e s s th a n s t a n d a r d t i m e S c h e d u le d w ork ers W e e k ly H ours D a ta o n w e e k ly h o u r s r e f e r to th e p r e d o m in a n t w o r k s c h e d u le fo r f u ll- t im e p r o d u c tio n e m p lo y e d o n th e d a y s h ift. 70 S u p p le m e n ta r y W a g e P r o v is io n s S u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fits w e r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly o n th e b a s is th a t if fo r m a l v is io n s fo r s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fit s w e r e a p p lic a b le to h a lf o r m o r e o f th e p r o d u c tio n w in a n e s t a b li s h m e n t , th e b e n e f it s w e r e c o n s id e r e d a p p lic a b le to a l l s u c h w o r k e r s . S im if fe w e r th a n h a lf o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d , th e b e n e fit w a s c o n s id e r e d n o n e x is th e e s ta b lis h m e n t. B e c a u s e o f le n g t h - o f - s e r v ic e an d o th e r e lig ib ility r e q u ir e m e n p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g th e b e n e fit s m a y b e s m a lle r th a n e s tim a t e d . P a id H o lid a y s . p r o v id e d a n n u a lly . P a id -h o lid a y p r o v is io n s r e la te to fu ll-d a y and h a lf-d a y h o P a id V a c a t io n s . T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s is lim it e d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e x c lu d in g in fo r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y t im e o ff w ith p a y is g r a n te d a t th e d is c r e t io n e m p lo y e r o r th e s u p e r v is o r . P a y m e n ts n o t o n a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r te d ; fo r e a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s w a s c o n s id e r e d th e e q u iv a le n t o f 1 w e e k T h e p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e fo r w h ic h d a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d w e r e s e le c t e d a s r e p r e s e n t a t iv e m o s t c o m m o n p r a c t ic e s , b u t th e y d o n o t n e c e s s a r ily r e f le c t in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p le , th e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t io n s in d ic a t e d a t 15 y s e r v ic e m a y in c lu d e c h a n g e s w h ic h o c c u r r e d b e tw e e n 10 a n d 15 y e a r s . H e a lth , I n s u r a n c e , a n d P e n s io n P la n s . D a n d p e n s io n p la n s fo r w h ic h a ll o r a p a r t o f th e p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d b y la w , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's th e p la n s in c lu d e d a r e t h o s e u n d e r w r itte n b y a p a id d ir e c t ly b y th e e m p lo y e r fr o m h is c u r r e n t fo r th is p u r p o s e . a ta a r e p r e s e n te d fo r h e a lth , in s u c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p lo y e r , e x c o m p e n s a tio n a n d s o c ia l s e c u r it y . c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y a n o p e r a tin g fu n d s o r fr o m a fu n d s e D e a th b e n e f it s a r e in c lu d e d a s a fo r m o f lif e in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s a n d a c in s u r a n c e is lim it e d to th a t ty p e o f in s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ic h p r e d e te r m in e c c a s h p a a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to th e in s u r e d o n a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s i s d u r in g i l l n i s s o r a d is a b ilit y . I n fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n t e d fo r a ll s u c h p la n s to w h ic h th e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib l e a s t a p a r t o f t h e c o s t . H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k a n d N e w J e r s e y , w h e r e t e m p o r a r y d i i n s u r a n c e l a w s r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 12 p l a n s a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y i f t h e e m (1 ) c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e th a n i s le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2 ) p r o v id e s t h e e m p lo y e e s w it h b w h ic h e x c e e d th e r e q u ir e m e n t s o f th e la w . p a w a T a b u la tio n s a y o r a p r o p o r tio n r r a n g e m e n ts h a v e h ic h p r o v id e f u ll w a itin g p e r io d . of of b pa p a id th e w een o y and s ic k le a v e p la n s a r e lim it e d to fo r m a l p la n s w h ic h p r o v id o r k e r ’ s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f il l n e s s ; in m it t e d . S e p a r a te ta b u la t io n s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1 n o w a it in g p e r i o d , a n d (2 ) p la n s p r o v id in g e i t h e r p a r t ia l M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g d o c t o r s ' f e e s . S u c h p la n s m a y b e u n d e r w r itte n b y a n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n , o r th e y m a y b e s e lf - in s u r e d . fo r c o m p le te o r p a r t ia l p a y m c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n C a ta str o p h e in s u r a n c e , s o m e tim e s r e fe r r e d to a s e x te n d e d m e d ic a l in s u i n c lu d e s t h e p la n s d e s i g n e d t o c o v e r e m p l o y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s o r in j u r y in v o l e x p e n s e w h ic h g o e s b e y o n d th e n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p it a liz a t io n , m e d ic a l a n d s u r g ic a l m e n t, T a b u la tio n s o f r e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n s a r e lim it e d to p la n s w h ic h r e g u la r p a y m e n ts fo r th e r e m a in d e r o f th e w o r k e r ’s lif e . p r o v id e , upon r N o n p r o d u c tio n B o n u s e s . N o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u s e s a r e d e fin e d f o r t h is s tu d y a s b o th a t d e p e n d o n f a c t o r s o t h e r th a n th e o u tp u t o f th e in d iv id u a l w o r k e r o r g r o u p o f w P la n s th a t d e fe r p a y m e n ts b e y o n d 1 y e a r a r e e x c lu d e d . 12 The temporary disability insurance laws in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions. Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r im a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip t io n s fo r th e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t it s f ie ld s t a ff in c la s s if y in g in to a p p r o p r ia te o c c u p a tio n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s a n d d if f e r e n t w o rk a r r a n g e m e n ts fr o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s ta b lis h m e n t an d fr o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is p e r m it s th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t in g c o m p a r a b le jo b c o n te n t. B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is o n in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t a n d in t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f o c c u p a tio n a l c o n te n t, th e B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip t io n s m a y d if f e r s ig n if ic a n t ly fr o m t h o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d fo r o th e r p u r p o se s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e jo b d e s c r ip t io n s , th e B u r e a u 's f ie ld e c o n o m is t s a r e in s tr u c te d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s , a p p r e n t ic e s , le a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , tr a in e e s , h a n d ic a p p e d , p a r t-tim e , te m p o r a r y , an d p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s . A SSEM B LE R F O R P U L L O V E R , M A C H IN E P r e p a r e s th e u p p e r fo r la s tin g b y a s s e m b lin g th e c o u n te r an d u p p e r , an d o p e r a tin g a m a c h in e to ta c k th e u p p e r to th e w o o d e n la s t . W o r k in v o lv e s : P la c in g c o u n te r s o n r a c k o f p a n c o n t a in in g c e m e n t , lo w e r in g r a c k in to p a n to a p p ly c e m e n t to c o u n t e r s ; in s e r t in g c e m e n t e d c o u n te r b e tw e e n lin in g a n d u p p e r a t th e h e e l; s e t t in g a p ie c e o f w a x o r t i s s u e p a p e r n e x t to lin in g to f a c ilit a t e r e m o v a l o f la s t a f te r c o m p le tio n o f o p e r a tio n s ; p la c in g u p p e r o n la s t m a k in g c e r t a in th a t h e e l s e a m i s in c e n t e r o f r e a r o f la s t ; a n d s e t t in g l a s o n a ja c k a n d p u s h in g ja c k in to m a c h in e w h ic h a u t o m a t ic a lly d r iv e s t a c k s th r o u g h th e u p p e r in to th e h e e l s e a t a n d h e e l s e a m . B E D -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (B e d la s te r ; b e d -la s tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r ; h e e l an d fo r e p a r t la s te r ) C o m p le t e s th e o p e r a t io n s o f d r a w in g th e t o e , o r to e a n d h e e l, o f th e u p p e r o f a s h o e t ig h t ly o v e r th e la s t . W o r k in v o lv e s : S e ttin g s h o e o n m a c h in e w ith s o le u p , a n d m a n ip u la t in g h a n d le v e r s c o n t r o llin g a s e r i e s o f w ip e r s ( f r ic t io n p u lle r s ) w h ic h d r a w th e u p p e r o v e r e d g e o f in s o le a t to e o r to e a n d h e e l; h o ld in g u p p e r in p la c e w ith th e w ip e r s ; s e c u r in g u p p e r a t th e to e in o n e o f th e fo llo w in g w a y s : (1 ) M c K a y s y s t e m — ta c k in g u p p e r , u s in g a u t o m a t ic a lly - f e d h a n d ta c k in g d e v ic e , th e ta c k s r e m a in in g in th e f in is h e d s h o e . (2 ) W e l s y s t e m — p a s s in g a w ir e fr o m a n a n c h o r ta c k , w h ic h h e d r iv e s o n o n e s id e o f th e s h o e a r o u n d th e d r a w n - in u p p e r a t th e t o e , to th e o p p o s it e s id e w h e r e h e w in d s it a r o u n d a n o th e r a n c h o r t a c k , to h o ld u p p e r in p la c e u n t il it i s s t it c h e d to in s o le b y a la t e r o p e r a tio n ; o m a y s ta p le u p p e r in s te a d o f u s in g a b o v e m e th o d s . (3 ) C e m e n t s y s t e m — w ip in g t o e in p la c e a n d h o ld in g it w ith w ip e r ; t r im m in g o f f s u r p lu s to e b o x , lin in g a n d u p p e r , b y h a n d , c l o s e to in s o le ; a p p ly in g c e m e n t to in s o le b e t w e e n lin in g a n d u p p e r a t t o e a n d fo ld in g o v e r la s t in g a llo w a n c e o f u p p e r a n d s t ic k in g it in in s o le . If th e h e e l a ls o i s la s t e d in th e p r o c e s s , a a u t o m a t ic a lly - f e d h a n d ta c k in g d e v ic e is u s e d to d r iv e ta c k s th r o u g h th e u p p e r a t th e h e e l. BO TTO M F IL L E R (C u s h io n c e m e n te r ; in s o le f ille r ) F ills d e p r e s s io n in c e m e n t to fo r m c u s h io n fo r fo r e p a r t fo o t. of 71 sh oe w ith c o m p o s itio n p a ste of ground cork and 72 BO TTO M SC O U R ER (B o tto m b u ffe r ; b o tto m sa n d e r ) S m o o th s an d c le a n s o u ts o le s o f c o m p le te ly c o n s tr u c te d r e v o lv in g a b r a s iv e - c o v e r e d w h e e l o f b u ffin g m a c h in e . sh oes b y h o ld in g C U T T E R , L IN IN G , M A C H IN E C u ts le a th e r ) b y in m u ltip le o n m a te r ia l; s u ffic ie n t fo F or p a rts m eans p lie s , and d e r c e to o f s h o e lin in g f r o m le a t h e r o r f a b r ic a t e d m a t e r ia ls (in c lu d in g im o f a c lic k in g m a c h in e . W o r k in v o lv e s : S e ttin g lin in g m a t e r ia l, o n c u ttin g ta b le o f m a c h in e ; s e le c t in g p r o p e r d ie a n d s e ttin g it p r e s s in g le v e r to c a u s e u p p e r a r m to d r o p a u to m a tic a lly o n th e c u t m a t e r ia l to th e sh a p e a n d s iz e o f th e d ie . w age stu d y p u rp o ses, w ork ers are c la s s ifie d by ty p e o f lin in g , as F a b r ic lin in g (in c lu d in g im it a t io n le a th e r ) L e a t h e r lin in g C U T T E R , V A M P A ND W H O LE SH O E, H AND (C a r v e r ; c u tte r , o u ts id e , h a n d ; c u tte r , s a m p le r ; c u tte r o u t, u p p e r ; u p p e r le a th e r C u ts v a m p s a n d u p p e r s o f s h o e s fr o m s k in s o r h id e s w ith a h a n d k n if e . in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : S e le c tin g h id e s o r s k in s o f d e s ir e d t h ic k n e s s a n d n o tin g lo c a t io n o f d e f e c t iv e s p o t s in m a t e r ia l, a n d d ir e c t io n o f g r a in o f le a t h e r p a tte r n o n m a t e r ia l in s u c h a w a y a s to o b ta in a m a x im u m n u m b e r o f p ie c e s , a n d r e la t io n to th e g r a in o f th e le a t h e r th a t th e r e w ill b e a m in im u m o f s t r e t c h in g o f in p r o c e s s in g s h o e ; d r a w in g k n ife a lo n g e d g e o f p a tt e r n , c u ttin g p a r t to d e s ir e d s h a b u n d lin g c u t p ie c e s a n d m a r k in g s i z e o n to p p ie c e f o r id e n t if ic a t io n . C U T T E R , V A M P A N D W H O L E S H O E , M A C H IN E C u ts p a r ts o a c lic k in g m a c h in e . o f m a c h in e ; s e le c t in ca u se upper arm th e s iz e an d sh a p e f s h o e u p p e r s fr o m h id e s , s k in s , o r fa b r ic a te d W o r k in v o lv e s : S e ttin g le a th e r o r o th e r s h o e g p r o p e r d ie a n d s e ttin g it in p la c e o n m a t e r ia l; to d r o p a u t o m a t ic a lly o n th e d ie w ith s u f f ic ie n t o f th e d ie . m a te r ia ls , b y m e m a te r ia l o n c u tti an d d e p r e s s in g fo r c e to c u t m a ED G E SE T T E R (E d g e b u r n is h e r , e d g e k itte r ) S h a p e s a n d p o lis h e s th e e d g e o f th e s o le o f th e s h o e b y h o ld in g it a g a in s t ir o n o f a n e d g e - s e t t in g m a c h in e . W o r k in v o lv e s : B r u s h in g a f ille r s o lu tio n o v e r s o le a s fa r b a c k a s th e h e e l lin e , to f ill a n y s m a ll h o le s a n d to s o fte n th e le a th e r b u r n is h in g o p e r a tio n ; s e le c t in g p r o p e r s iz e ir o n b u r n is h in g b lo c k a n d s e ttin g s t e m in to m a c h in e h o ld e r ; h e a t in g ir o n to p r o p e r t e m p e r a t u r e ; h o ld in g e d g e o f s o le r e v o lv in g s u r f a c e o f h e a te d ir o n , m a n ip u la tin g s h o e u n til e n t ir e e d g e h a s b e e n b u r n is h a p p ly in g a c o a t in g o f w a x to e d g e o f s o le a n d r e p e a tin g b u r n is h in g o p e r a tio n . E D G E T R IM M E R ( E d g e - t r im m in g - m a c h in e o p e r a to r ; t r im m e r , a p e x ; t r im m e r , m a r g in ) T r im s , c u ts to s i z e , a n d s m o o th s th e e d g e o f s h o e s b y tu r n in g a n d m a n ip th e s id e s u r f a c e s o f th e s o le s a g a in s t th e r e v o lv in g c u ttin g to o l o f a n e d g e -tr im m in g m F A N C Y S T IT C H E R (A p p liq u e s t it c h e r ; b lin d - r o w s titc h in g ; tr im m in g s titc h e r ) su ch as s titc h e r ; e tc h in g s titc h e r ; e y e le t-r o w s titc h e r ; s O p e r a te s a p o w e r - d r iv e n s e w in g m a c h in e to s t it c h d e c o r a tiv e d e s ig n s o n s h o e u o u tlin in g e y e le t r o w , s t itc h in g im it a t io n fo x in g s o r fa n c y p a n e l d e s ig n s , 73 F A N C Y S T I T C H E R — C o n tin u e d e x t r a r o w s o f s t it c h in g , a n d s t it c h in g p ip in g a n d o r n a m e n t a l le a t h e r s t r ip s (a p p liq u e ). W ork in v o lv e s : I n s e r tin g m a t e r ia l u n d e r th e p r e s s e r fo o t a n d n e e d le o f m a c h in e ; d e p r e s s in g le v e r to s t a r t m a c h in e ; a n d g u id in g m a t e r ia l b y h a n d ( u s u a lly a lo n g p r e v io u s ly m a r k e d lin e s o n m a te r ia l) a s s titc h in g is p e r fo r m e d . F L O O R B O Y (O R G IR L ) ( A s s e m b ly b o y ; flo o r m a n ; r o u te r ) K e e p s s t o c k a n d d is t r ib u t e s p a r t ia lly f in is h e d m a t e r ia ls u s e d in th e m a n u f a c t u r e o f fo o tw e a r to v a r io u s d e p a r t m e n ts to k e e p w o r k e r s s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia l, u s in g tr u c k o c a r r y in g m a t e r ia l. M a y p e r f o r m s im p le m a c h in e o p e r a tio n s u n d e r d ir e c t io n o f f o r e m a n , s u c h a s t e m p e r in g s o le s a n d m o ld in g e d g e s o f s o le s . G O O D Y E A R S T IT C H E R O p e r a te s a G o o d y e a r s t itc h in g m a c h in e to a tta c h th e o u ts o le to th e W o r k in v o lv e s : S e ttin g th e s h o e , s o le s id e u p , o n ta b le r e s t o f m a c h in e a n d g u id in g s h o e w ith h a n d a s n e e d le s e w s a r o u n d s h a n k a n d f o r e p a r t e x te n d in g fr o m a c h a n n e l th a t w a s c u t fo r it in b o tto m o f o u t s o le , th r o u g s u r fa c e o f w e lt. T h e w e lt e x te n d s a r o u n d th e e d g e o f th e s o le a s fa r o f th e h e e l. w e lt o f th e s h o e . u n d e r n e a th n e e d le o f s h o e , th e s titc h h o u t s o le to u p p e r b a c k a s th e b r e a s H E E L A T T A C H E R , M A C H IN E (L e a th e r o r r u b b e r h e e l a tta c h e r ; h e e lin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r ; le a th e r h e e le r ) N a ils h e e ls to s h o e s b y m a c h in e . W o rk in v o lv e s : P la c in g s h o e o n a m e ta l a n d p u ttin g h e e l in p o s it io n o n s h o e ; s w in g in g n a il p la t e in to p la c e o v e r th e h e e l n a ils a r e d r o p p e d a u t o m a t ic a lly in to a n o th e r p la t e o v e r th e h e e l; a n d m a n ip u la tin g fo o t to d r iv e n a ils th r o u g h h e e l a n d h e e l s e a t a n d c lin c h th e m to in s o le o n in s id e o m o ld w her le v e r f sh oe H E E L F L A N G E R (S T IT C H D O W N S H O E S ) (H e e l fo r m e r ) th e h ee w ip dow O p e ra te la s t , w ith l s e a t o f th e e r p la te s to n o n to th e s a m a c h in e to d r a w th e h e e l th e e d g e o f th e u p p e r a n d lin in g la s t. W o rk in v o lv e s : S e ttin g sh sm o o th an d sh a p e th e h e e l s e c tio n p r o je c tin g e d g e o f th e o u t s o le . s e c tio n o f th e u p p e r o f a sh o e tig tu r n e d o u t, to s e c u r e a sn u g fit o e o n m a c h in e a n d d e p r e s s in g le v a n d p r e s s th e p r o je c tin g e d g e o f h tly o v e r a r o u n d th e e r c a u s in g th e u p p e r T h is o p e r a t io n is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d a f t e r th r e a d la s t in g . O n s o m e in fa n ts ' s h o e s , h o w e v e r , th is o p e r a tio n e lim in a te s th r e a d la s tin g . C e m e n t is a p p lie d to e d g e s o f u p p e r lin in g , a n d o u t s o le , a n d m a c h in e s im u lta n e o u s ly la s t s an d s m o o th s o u t th e h e e l s e a t H E E L -S E A T F IT T E R , H A N D T in v o lv e s : concave co n fo rm w o m e n 's r im s th e h e e l s e a t o f a s h o e b y U s in g a h a n d k n ife to t r im s h a p e , a n d m o ld in g th e h e e l w ith th e b a s e o f th e h e e l to b h ig h q u a lity s h o e s . h a n d in p r e p a r a t io n f o r a t t a c h in g th e h e e l . W ork th e h e e l s e a t o f th e o u ts id e o f th e s h o e to g iv e it s e a t b y p o u n d in g w ith a h a m m e r , th e n s h a p in g it to e a tta c h e d . T h is o p e r a t io n i s u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d o n H E E L -S E A T F IT T E R , M A C H IN E O p e r a te s a m a c h in e to c u t o u t a p ie c e a r o u n d th e o u te r m a r g in o f th e h e e l s e a t, p r e p a r a to r y to h e e l a tta c h in g . W o r k in v o lv e s : S e ttin g g a g e o n m a c h in e fo r s iz e o f h e e l to b e f it t e d a n d a d j u s t in g p in s t o p f o r r ig h t o r le f t s h o e ; p r e s s in g s h o e a g a in s t s t a t io n a r y h o r i z o n t a l k n ife in m a c h in e to c u t th r o u g h th e h e e l s e a t b e tw e e n th e u p p e r a n d th e s o le u n ti c o u n te r o f s h o e s t r ik e s a s t o p g a g e ; a n d o p e r a tin g m a c h in e w h ic h a u t o m a t ic a lly c u t s o u t a U -s h a p e d p ie c e fr o m th e h e e l s e a t s o th a t th e h e e l fits p r o p e r ly w h e n a tta c h e d . T h is m a c h in e o p e r a t io n i s u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d o n w o m e n 's p o p u la r a n d m e d iu m - p r ic e d s h o e s . 74 H E E L -SE A T L A ST E R O p e r a t e s a h e e i - s e a t - l a s t i n g m a c h in e w h ic h d r a w s th e h e e l s e c t io n o f th e s h o e tig h tly o v e r th e la s t a n d a u to m a tic a lly ta c k s th e e d g e s to th e h e e l s e a t o f th e in s o le in v o lv e s : S e ttin g s h o e o n m a c h in e a n d m a n ip u la tin g c o n t r o ls w h ic h c a u s e th e w ip e to d r a w th e u p p e r a n d lin in g e v e n ly o v e r th e h e e l s e a t a n d m a c h in e a u to m a tic a lly d r iv e th r o u g h u p p e r an d in s o le . IN S E A M E R (G o o d y e a r - w e lt - s e w in g - m a c h in e o p e r a to r ; w e lt s e w e r ; O p e r a t e s a G o o d y e a r s t itc h in g m a c h in e th a t s e w a u to m a tic a lly fe d fr o m a r o ll o n th e m a c h in e to th e in v o lv e s : G u id in g s h o e , s o le u p w a r d , u n d e r n e e d le o f u pper, and lin in g , an d in s o le lip a g a in s t w h ic h u e p p le r w e lte r ) s a n a r r o w s tr ip o f le a th e r lip o f th e in s o le o f th e s h o e m a c h in e a n d s t itc h in g th r o u p p er and lin in g have bee IN S P E C T O R (C R O W N E R ) (E x a m in e r ) E x a m in e s s h o e p a r t s , p a r t ly fin is h e d s h o e s in v a r io u s f in is h e d s h o e s b e f o r e p a c k in g . W o rk in v o lv e s in s p e c tin g fo r I r r e g u la r ity o f le a th e r s u r f a c e s ; m is p la c e d o r in c o m p le te ly d in c o r r e c t a m o u n t o f s titc h in g ; in s id e m is a lin e m e n t ; a n d im p r o p e r c o r r e c t m in o r d e f e c t s o r im p e r f e c t io n s a n d r e j e c t m a jo r d e f e c t s d e p a r tm e n t. sta g e s o f m a n u fa ctu th e fo llo w in g im p e r r iv e n ta c k s ; u n e v e n n p r o p o r tio n o f to e tip fo r r e p r o c e s s in g in JA N IT O R C le a n s a n d k e e p s in a n o r d e r ly c o n d itio n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s a n d w a s h o r p r e m is e s o f a n o f fic e , a p a r tm e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c ia l o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. in v o lv e a c o m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , a n d p o lis h in g r e m o v in g c h ip s , t r a s h , a n d o th e r r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, f u r n itu r e o r f ix t u r e s ; p m e t a l f ix t u r e s o r t r im m in g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s a n d m in o r m a in te n a n c e s e r v ic e s ; a n d c l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , a n d r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x J O IN T E R , M A C H IN E (J o in t c u t t e r , m a c h in e ; jo in te r ; jo in t m a k e r , m a c h in e ) T r im s a n d s h a p e s o n a jo in tin g m a c h in e th e e d g e o f th e sh a n k s o le o f s h o e s jo in t b e tw e e n s h a n k a n d h e e l, s t a r t in g w h e r e e d g e t r im m e r le a v e s o ff a n d c o n tin u in h e e l lin e . H o ld s s h o e a g a in s t k n if e o f jo in tin g m a c h in e ; a n d m o v e s s h o e a g a in s t m a in ta in e v e n p r e s s u r e fo r a n e a t tr im m in g . L IT T L E W A Y S T IT C H E R O p e r a te s a lo c k s t it c h s e w in g m a c h in e to a tta c h th e o u t s o le b y s t itc h in g th r o u u p p e r , lin in g , a n d in s o le o f s h o e , e x c e p t a t h e e l s e a t . W o rk in v o lv e s : S e ttin g t s o le s id e u p , o n s h o e r e s t o f m a c h in e b e n e a t h n e e d le a n d g u id in g s h o e w ith h a n d a s e w s a ro u n d th e sh a n k an d fo r e p a r t o f sh o e . M cK A Y S T IT C H E R O p c h a in s titc h in v o lv e s : g u id in g s h e r a te s a M c K a y s e w in g m a c h in e to a tta c h th e o u t s o le , m id s o le , o r p la t fo in g th r o u g h th e u p p e r , lin in g , a n d in s o le o f s h o e , e x c e p t a t h e e l s e a S e ttin g th e s h o e , s o le s id e u p , o n s h o e r e s t o f m a c h in e u n d e r n e a th n e e o e w ith h a n d a s n e e d le s e w s a r o u n d th e s h a n k a n d f o r e p a r t o f s h o e . M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f a n e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s a n d m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o tr o u b le ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n t lin g m a c h in e s a n d p e r f o r m in g r e p a ir s th a in v o lv e th e u s e o f h a n d to o ls in s c r a p in g a n d fit t in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv w ith it e m s o b ta in e d fr o m s to c k ; o r d e r in g th e p r o d u c tio n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a 75 M E C H A N I C , M A I N T E N A N C E — C o n tin u e d s h o p o r s e n d in g o f th e m a c h in e to a m a c h in e s h o p fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w r itt e n s p e c i f ic a t io n s fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r fo r th e p r o d u c tio n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d fr o m m a c h in e sh o p ; a n r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s , a n d m a k in g a l l n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s fo r o p e r a t io n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e . E x c lu d e d fr o m th is c la s s if ic a t io n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u tie s in v o lv e s e t t in g u p o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s a n d w o r k e r s w h o s p e c ia liz e in th e a d ju s t m e n t a n d r e p a ir o f a p a r t ic u la r ty p e o f m a c h in e a n d w h o s e p e r io d o f tr a in in g is s u b s t a n t ia lly s h o r te r th a n th a t r e q u ir e d fo r a m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic a s d e s c r ib e d a b o v e . F A S T E R , B A C K E R , O R F IT T E R , U P P E R , H A N D (B a c k e r ; b a c k in g p a s t e r ; b a c k in g c e m e n t e r ; c a n v a s b a c k e r , u p p e r ; c e m e n t e r , u p p e r to lin in g ; f it t e r , u p p e r to lin in g ; p a s t e r , lin e a n d b r u s h , h a n d ; p a s t e r ; p la in p a s t e r ; r e in f o r c e r , p a s t e r ; q u a r te r a n d lin in g f it t e r ; u p p e r d o u b le r ) R e in f o r c e s v a m p s , t o p s , s t r a p s , a n d o th e r p a r ts o f s h o e s , b y p a s tin g to e a c h a p ie c e o f c u t - t o - s i z e c a n v a s , th in le a t h e r , o r o t h e r lin in g m a t e r ia l (d o u b le r ) . W o rk in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e fo llo w in g : P r e s s in g d o u b le r a g a in s t c e m e n t - c o v e r e d r o ll a n d s t ic k in d o u b le r to le a t h e r p a r t s ; u s in g b a c k in g ta p e w h ic h is s o p r e p a r e d th a t it s t ic k s w h e n p r e s s e d o n o t h e r m a t e r ia l w ith a h o t ir o n . M a y p a s t e r e in fo r c in g o v e r o n ly a p o r tio n o f u p p e r th a is e x p o s e d to e x t r a w e a r o r s t r a in . M a y u s e s im p le m a c h in e to a p p ly g lu e o r o th e r a d h e s iv e s to v a r io u s p a r ts o f s h o e . P L A T F O R M -C O V E R (W r a p p e r la s te r O p e ra tes a p la tfo r m a n d h e e l. fo r m o r p la tfo r m w h ic h w ip e s p r e v io h e e l; an d r e m o v in g L A S T E R (S L IP -L A S T E D SH O ES) ) m a c h in e to s m o o th p la tfo r m c o v e r o r w r a p p e r a r o u n d th e p la tfo r m o r W o r k in v o lv e s : S e ttin g u p p e r (in to w h ic h la s t h a d b e e n in s e r t e d a n d p la t a n d h e e l h a d b e e n p r e v io u s ly p o s itio n e d ) in to m a c h in e ; s t a r t in g m a c h in e u s ly c e m e n t e d c o v e r o r w r a p p e r tig h tly a r o u n d p la t fo r m o r p la tfo r m a n d w o r k fr o m m a c h in e a n d e x a m in in g fo r m a in te n a n c e o f q u a lity s t a n d a r d s . P L A T F O R M -C O V E R S T IT C H E R (S L IP -L A S T E D (W r a p p e r s titc h e r ) O p e r a te s a p o w e r -d r iv e c o v e r s o n s h o e u p p e r s w h ic h a r e F ittin g th e p la tfo r m and h eel u n d e r n e e d le , s ta r tin g m a c h in m o v in g c o m p le te d w o r k fr o m m SH O ES) n s e w in g m a c h in e to s t it c h p la t fo r m c o v e r s a n d a ls o h e e l to b e p r o c e s s e d b y th e s lip - la s te d m e th o d . W o rk in v o lv e s c o v e r ( s t r ip o f le a t h e r o r c lo th ) to th e u p p e r ; p la c in g w o r e , s t e e r in g w o r k a g a in s t g u id e fo r p r o p e r s t itc h in g ; a n d r e a c h in e . P U L L O V E R -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R ( P u l l e r s - o v e r , m a c h in e ) O p e r a t e s a m a c h in e in w h ic h th e u p p e r a t th e to e a n d a lo n g th e s id e s o f th e fr o n t o f th e s h o e is p u lle d o v e r a n d ta c k e d t e m p o r a r ily to th e la s t to g iv e p r e lim in a r y s h a p in to th e fr o n t p a r t o f th e u p p e r a n d to a tta c h it to th e in s o le a n d th e la s t . W o rk in v o lv e s S e ttin g s h o e in h o ld in g jig o f m a c h in e ; d e p r e s s in g le v e r to r o t a t e m e c h a n is m th a t c l o s e to p a n d s id e ja w s o n e d g e o f u p p e r ; p o s itio n in g u p p e r o n la s t b y m a n ip u la tin g tip le v e r to a lin e c e n t e r o f u p p e r o n c e n t e r o f la s t , d e p r e s s in g le v e r to r o ta te m e c h a n is m th r o u g s e c o n d h a lf o f t r a v e l, a n d to d r iv e ta c k s a t to e a n d a lo n g th e s id e o f th e s h o e , w h ic h h o l u p p e r in p o s itio n u n til s t a p le d o r ta c k e d a lo n g e n t ir e e d g e . R E P A IR E R (B le m is h r e m o v e r ) C o r r e c t s im p e r f e c t io n s in th e f in is h o f th e c o m p le te d s h o e . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : R e m o v in g s t a in s , s c r a t c h e s , b le m is h e s , a n d lo o s e t h r e a d s ; a n d b le n d in v a r io u s s h a d e s o f flu id , w a x f i lle r o r c r a y o n to a f fe c te d p a r t o f s h o e . M ay u se hand sp ra g u n w ith c o lo r e d d o p e to c o v e r b le m is h e d a r e a . 76 RO UG H R O U N D ER (F o r e p a r t r o u n d e r ; r o u g h - r o u n d in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r ; s o le r o u n d e r ) T r im s th e e d g e o f o u t s o le a n d w e lt o f th e s h o e , b y u s e o f a r o u n d in g a n d c h m a c h in e s o th a t th e e d g e w ill e x te n d th e d e s ir e d d is t a n c e fr o m s h o e u p p e r . W ork S e ttin g s h o e in m a c h in e s o th a t b o tto m o f s h o e is to w a r d th e c u ttin g k n if e , a n d g u id e r e s t s a g a in s t u p p e r o f s h o e ; a n d g u id in g s h o e in v e r t ic a l p o s it io n a lo n g b o tto m s o th a t e d g e is tr im m e d a t r ig h t a n g le s to th e b o tto m o f th e s h o e e n tir e ly a r o u n d im e te r o f th e s o le o f th e s h o e . T h e m a c h in e m a y a ls o c u t a c h a n n e l in b o tto m n e a r e d g e , in w h ic h th e th r e a d is e m b e d d e d w h e n s o le s t it c h in g is d o n e . an in bo o th of SH ANK ER (S h a n k ta c k e r ; s h a n k - p ie c e p la c e r ; s h a n k - p ie c e ta c k e r ) A tta c h e s sh a n k p ie c e to th e sh a n k s e c tio n o f s h o e to su p p o r t th e arch o f th e S ID E L A S T E R , M A C H IN E O p e r a te s a m a c h in e D r a w in g o u t lin in g a n d u p p g ra sp ed g es of u p p er and le v e r o f m a c h in e to o p e r a te s id e s an d sh a n k s. E x c lu d e a t sh o e sid e s an d sh a n k s. to la s t th e s id e s e r w ith h a n d p in c e d r a w th e m e v e n ly d e v ic e w h ic h d r iv s id e la s t e r s u s in g an d sh a n k s o f th e u p p e r . W o r k in r s , h o ld in g s h o e s o th a t p in c e r s o f an d c lo s e ly a b o u t th e la s t , an d m a n i e s s ta p le s o r ta c k s th r o u g h th e u p p e r c e m e n t o r o th e r a d h e s iv e s to s e c u r e S K IV E R , M A C H IN E , U P P E R O R L IN IN G S (S k iv e r , o u ts id e ) O p e r a t e s a m a c h in e th a t s k iv e s (p a r e s ) o r b e v e ls th e m to a n e v e n t h ic k n e s s o r to in s u r e th in n e r s e a m s jo in e d to g e t h e r . W o r k in v o lv e s : F e e d in g p a r t b e tw e e n p r e s k n iv e s w h ic h b e v e l e d g e s o r r e d u c e p a r t to u n if o r m t h ic k o f m a c h in e a n d d e p r e s s in g le v e r to b r in g c u ttin g k n iv e s sh oe or su re n ess in to u p p e r s o r lin in g s to ta p e r in g e d g e s w h e n p r o lle r s o f m a c h in e to , o r s e t t in g p a r t in g u o p e r a tio n . S O C K -L IN IN G S T IT C H E R (S L I P -L A S T E D S H O E S ) O p e r a te s a p o w e r - d r iv e n s e w in g m a c h in e to s t itc h s o c k lin in g s to u p p e r s w b e s lip - la s t e d . W o r k in v o lv e s : F ittin g th e u p p e r to th e s o c k lin in g a c c o r d in g to lo w e r in g p r e s s e r f o o t to h o ld m a t e r ia ls , s t a r t in g m a c h in e , f e e d in g s o c k lin in g u n d e r n e e d le , s t e e r in g m a t e r ia l a g a in s t p in g u id e s ; a n d r e m o v in g c o m p le t e d m a c h in e . h ic m an w o SO LE A T T A C H E R , C EM E N T PR O C ESS ( C o m p o -c o n v e y o r o p e r a to r ; s o le la y e r , m a c h in e ; s o le - la y in g m a c h in e o p e r a to r ; O p e r a t e s a s o le - la y in g m a c h in e to c e m e n t o u t s o le s p e r m a n e n tly to th e u p p sh oes. W o rk in v o lv e s : S e ttin g to e p a r t o f s h o e o n w h ic h o u t s o le h a s b e e n p o s itio h e e l p a r t o f la s t d ir e c t ly b e lo w c o r r e s p o n d in g ja c k s (lu g s ) o f m a c h in e ; a n d p r e s s in g a i (w h ic h o p e n s v a lv e o n p ip e le a d in g to a ir c o m p r e s s o r s t o r a g e ta n k ) to f i l l th e a ir a n d f o r c e th e s h o e a g a in s t th e j a c k s w h ic h h o ld th e o u t s o le f i r m ly in p la c e w h ile th e d r ie s . M a y a ls o , p r io r to p e r m a n e n t a tta c h m e n t o f o u t s o le , b r u s h a c o a t o f s o lv e n t o in n e r s u r f a c e o f th e o u ts o le fr o m th e h e e l s e a t to th e to e a n d p r e s s o u te r s o le b e in g c e r t a in th a t e d g e s o f s o le p r o j e c t e v e n ly o v e r e d g e s o f s h o e . S O L E L E V E L E R , M A C H IN E (B e a t e r o u t, le v e lin g m a c h in e ; in s e a m le v e le r ; le v F la tte n s th e in s o le s o r o u ts o le s o f s h o e s th e s o le b y th e s titc h in g m a c h in e s . S e ts sh o e o n la d e p r e s s e s tr e a d le to s t a r t m a c h in e a n d g u id e s th e an d fo r th an d fr o m s id e to s id e . e le r ) w h ic h h a v e h a d a r id g e r a is e d s t o f m a c h in e w ith s o le u p p e r m sh o e o n th e fo r m u n d e r th e r o ll 77 TH R EAD L A S T E R (S T IT C H D O W N S H O E S ) (S titc h d o w n -th r e a d la s t e r ; P u r ita n la s t e r ) O p e ra tes to in s o le s . W o r k s e ttin g la s t a n d a n d g u id in g th e s h a s titc h d o w n t h r e a in v o lv e s : P u llin g u p p e r in to m a c h in o e in s u c h a m a n n e d -la s tin g m sh oe u pp er e , s ta r tin g r th a t th e fe a c h in e to la s t s h o e s b y s e w in g s h o e u p p e r s o v e r la s t to w h ic h a n in s o le h a s b e e n t a c k e d , m a c h in e w h ic h s e w s th e u p p e r to th e in s o le , e d e r g u id e p u lls th e u p p e r t ig h t ly a r o u n d la s t . T O E F O R M E R (S T IT C H D O W N S H O E S ) O p e r a t e s m a c h in e to s m o o th a n d s h a p e th e u p p e r le a t h e r a t to e o f s h o e to c o n f o r m to th e sh a p e o f th e la s t . W o r k in v o lv e s : C lo s in g s w it c h to s t a r t e l e c t r i c a l h e a t in g u n it s e t t in g s h o e o n m a c h in e w ith b o tt o m o f s o le f la t o n b o tt o m p la t e o f u n it a n d w ith p r o j e c t in g e d g e o f o u t s o le a t to e o f s h o e u n d e r th e w ip e r p la te a n d th e h e e l a g a in s t th e b a c k r e s t ; a n d d e p r e s s in g le v e r , c a u s in g w ip e r p la te s to m o v e fo r w a r d a g a in s t to e o f s h o e a n d th e n s lid e d o w n th e t o e , s m o o th in g th e le a t h e r . If m a c h in e i s n o t e q u ip p e d w ith h e a t in g e le m e n t , s h o e is h e a te d in s t e a m b o x b e fo r e p r e s s in g . T h is o p e r a t io n is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d a f t e r th r e a d la s t in g . O n s o m e in fa n ts ' s h o e s , h o w e v e r , th is o p e r a tio n e lim in a te s th r e a d la s tin g . C e m e n t is a p p lie d to e d g e s o f u p p e r lin in g , a n d o u t s o le a n d m a c h in e s im u lt a n e o u s ly la s t s a n d s m o o th s o u t th e to e . T O E L A S T E R , A U T O M A T IC O R S E M IA U T O M A T IC O p e r a te s a n a u to m a tic u p p e r tig h tly o v e r th e la s t. a c tio n o f w ip e r s , p la c in g s h o e a n d o p e r a tin g fo o t t r e a d le to la s t ; a n d w r a p p in g w ir e lo o p s e c t io n in p la c e o r b y m e a n s o r s e m ia u to m a tic m a c h in e to d r a w th e to e s e c t io n o f s h o e W o rk in v o lv e s : M a k in g a d j u s t m e n t s o n m a c h in e to g o v e r n in s t e a m e r to s o f t e n to e s e c t io n ; in s e r t in g s h o e in m a c h in e b r in g w ip e r s a g a in s t s h o e u p p e r a n d d r a w e d g e s a g a in s t th e a r o u n d t e m p o r a r y a n c h o r t a c k s o n s id e o f s h o e to h o ld to e o f c e m e n t, ta c k s o r s t a p le s , fa s te n s u p p e r to in n e r s o le T O P S T IT C H E R O p e r a t e s a s e w in g m a c h in e to tr im o ff e x c e s s e d g e s o f lin in g . W a llo w a n c e fo r in s e r t io n o f c o u n te r o r t o g e t h e r , s e t t in g p a r t s in to m a c h in e o f u p p e r , a n d g u id in g p a r t s th r o u g h o p e r a tio n . s t it c h th e lin in g to th e u p p e r p a r t o f a o rk in v o lv e s : F ittin g lin in g to u p p e r to r e c e iv in g u p p e r a n d lin in g a lr e a d y fit t e d a t h e e l s e a m , lo w e r in g g u id e d o w n to th m a c h in e b y h a n d to c o m p le te s t itc h in g s h o e a n d to o b ta in p r o p e r o r ce m e n ted e e d g e o f to p a n d tr im m in g TR EER (P o lis h e r , u p p e r s; sh o e tr e e r ) C le a n s a n d f in is h e s s h o e s b y r e m o v in g s p o t s a n d w ith a h o t ir o n to s m o o th o u t w r in k le s . W o rk in v o lv e s o n a tr e e in g fo r m , th e sh a p e o f th e la s t , a n d d e p r e s s in w i l l f i t t i g h t ly o v e r it; b r u s h in g , c l e a n in g , d r e s s i n g a n d o f le a t h e r o r m a t e r ia l; a p p ly in g c o lo r s t a in o r b le a c h to w r in k le s in th e u p p e r s w ith a h o t ir o n . d i s c o l o r a t i o n s , a n d r u b b in g u p p e r s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : S e ttin g sh o e g l e v e r e x p a n d in g f o r m s o t h a t s h o .e f in is h in g s h o e a c c o r d in g to th e k in d b le m is h e d s p o t s ; a n d s m o o th in g o u t D o n o t in c lu d e s h o e d r e s s e r s , w h o m a y b e c a lle d o n ly a m in o r p a r t o f th e w o r k d e s c r ib e d a b o v e . tr e e r s in so m e p la n ts b u t p e r f o r m V A M PER (V a m p c lo s e r ; v a m p s titc h e r ; z ig z a g s e a m e r ) B y u s e o f a p o w e r -d r iv e n s e w in g m a c h in e , s e w s to g e th e r th e fo r e p a r t o f th e u p p e r (tip a n d v a m p ) a n d th e tw o q u a r t e r s o f a s h o e . W o rk in v o lv e s : S e ttin g o v e r la p p e d e d g e s to g e th e r u n d e r p r e s s e r fo o t a n d n e e d le o f m a c h in e ; d e p r e s s in g le v e r to s t a r t m a c h in e a n d g u id in g m a t e r ia l th r o u g h s t it c h in g p r o c e s s ; a n d s e w in g to p to e n t ir e lo w e r p a r t o f u p p e r w h e n s h o e h a s a c u t s e p a r a t e fr o m q u a r te r s , o r h a s a w h o le v a m p . P a r ts a r e s o m e tim e s f ir s t p a ste d to g e th e r b y a n o th e r w o r k e r to in s u r e m o r e a c c u r a te s titc h in g . Industry Wage Studies The most recent reports for industries included in the Bureau's program of industry wage surveys since January 1950 are listed below. Those for which a price is shown are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. , 20402, or any of its regional sales offices. Those for which a price is not shown may be obtained free as long as a supply is available, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C. , 20212, or from any of the regional offices shown on the inside back cover. I. Occupational Wage Studies Manufacturing Basic Iron and Steel, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1358 (30 cents). Candy and Other Confectionery Products, I960. BLS Report 195. ^Canning and Freezing, 1957. BLS Report 136. Cigar Manufacturing, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1436 (30 cents). Cigarette Manufacturing, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1472 (20 cents). Cotton Textiles, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1410 (40 cents). Distilled Liquors, 1952. Series 2, No. 88. Fabricated Structural Steel, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1463 (30 cents). F ertilizer Manufacturing, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1362 (40 cents). Flour and Other Grain M ill Products, 1961. BLS Bulletin 1337 (30 cents). Fluid Milk Industry, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1464 (30 cents). Footwear, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1360 (45 cents). Hosiery, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1456 (45 cents). Industrial Chemicals, 1955. BLS Report 103. Iron and Steel Foundries, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1386 (40 cents). Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1378 (40 cents). Machinery Manufacturing, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1476 (25 cents). Meat Products, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1415 (75 cents). Men's and Boys' Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Nightwear, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1457 (40 cents). Men's and Boys1 Suits and Coats, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1424 (65 cents). Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1439 (35 cents). Miscellaneous Textiles, 1953. BLS Report 56. Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Parts, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1393 (45 cents). Nonferrous Foundries, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1498 (40 cents). Paints and Varnishes, 1961. BLS Bulletion 1318 (30 cents). Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1478 (70 cents). Petroleum Refining, 1959. BLS Report 158. Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1423 (30 cents). ^Processed Waste, 1957. BLS Report 124. Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard M ills , 1962. BLS Bulletin 1341 (40 cents). Radio, Television, and Related Products, 1951. Series 2, No. 84. Railroad Cars, 1952. Series 2, No. 86. *Raw Sugar, 1957. BLS Report 136. Southern Sawmills and Planing M ills, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1361 (30 cents). Structural Clay Products, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1459 (45 cents). Synthetic Fibers, 1958. BLS Report 143. Synthetic Textiles, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1414 (35 cents). Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1961. BLS Bulletin 1311 (35 cents). ^Tobacco Stemming and Redrying, 1957. BLS Report 136. * Studies of the effects o f the $1 minim um wage. I. Occupational Wage Studies— Continued Manufacturing— Continued West Coast Sawmilling, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1455 (30 cents). Women's and Misses' Coats and Suits, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1371 (25 cents). Women's and Misses' Dresses, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1391 (30 cents). Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1496 (40 cents). ^Wooden Containers, 1957. BLS Report 126. Wool Textiles, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1372 (45 cents). Work Clothing, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1440 (35 cents). Nonmanufacturing Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1452 (30 cents). Banking, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1466 (30 cents). Bituminous Coal Mining, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1383 (45 cents). Communications, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1467 (20 cents). Contract Cleaning Services, 1961. BLS Bulletin 1327 (25 cents). Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, I960. BLS Report 181. Department and Women's Ready-to-Wear Stores, 1950. Series 2, No. 78. Eating and Drinking Places, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1400 (40 cents). Electric and Gas Utilities, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1374 (50 cents). Hospitals, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1409 (50 cents). Hotels and Motels, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1406 (40 cents). Laundries and Cleaning Services, 1963. BLS Bulletin 1401 (50 cents). Life Insurance, 1961. BLS Bulletin 1324 (30 cents). Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1492 (45 cents). II. Other Industry Wage Studies Factory Workers' Earnings— Distribution by Straight-Time Hourly Earnings, 1958. BLS Bulletin 1252 (40 cents). Factory Workers' Earnings— Selected Manufacturing Industries, 1959. BLS Bulletin 1275 (35 cents). Retail Trade: Employee Earnings in Retail Trade, June 1962 (Overall Summary of the Industry). BLS Bulletin 1380 (45 cents). Employee Earnings at Retail Building Materials, Hardware, and Farm Equipment Dealers, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-1 (25 cents). Employee Earnings in Retail General Merchandise Stores, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-2 (45 cents). Employee Earnings in Retail Food Stores, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-3 (40 cents). Employee Earnings at Retail Automotive Dealers and in Gasoline Service Stations, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-4 (40 cents). Employee Earnings in Retail Apparel and Accessory Stores, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-5 (45 cents). Employee Earnings in Retail Furniture, Home Furnishings, and Household Appliance Stores, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-6 (40 cents). Employee Earnings in Miscellaneous Retail Stores, June 1962. BLS Bulletin 1380-7 (40 cents). Employee Earnings in Nonmetropolitan Areas of the South and North Central Regions, 1962. BLS Bulletin 1416 (40 cents). * Studies o f the effects o f the $1 m inim um w age. ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1966 O - 221-072 BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES