The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY Laundry and Cleaning Services i Mid-1966 Bulletin No. 1544 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY Laundry and Cleaning Services Mid-1966 Bulletin No. 1544 May 1967 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary TM .1 [^ BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 2 0 4 0 2 - Price 60 cents Preface This b u lletin su m m a riz e s the re s u lts o f a B ureau of L abor S ta tistics su rvey of w a ges and su pplem en tary b en efits in the laundry and cleanin g s e r v ic e s in d u stries in m id—1966. This su rv ey was con du cted at the re q u e st of the U. S. D epartm ent o f L a b o r 's W age and Hour and P u b lic C on tra cts D ivision s to fa c ilita te the p re p a ra tio n o f a r e p o rt req u ested o f the S e c re ta ry o f L abor by C o n g re ss. This re p o r t is p r im a r ily co n ce rn e d with the d istrib u tion o f n o n su p e rv is o ry e m p lo y e e s by h ou rly earn in gs and w eek ly h ou rs of w ork . A cop y of this r e p o r t m ay be obtained fr o m the Wage and Hour and P u b lic C on tra cts D iv isio n s, U. S. D epartm ent of L a b or, W ashington, D. C. 20210. This study was con du cted in the B u re a u 's D ivision o f O ccu pation al Pay, T o iv o P. Kanninen, C hief, under the gen era l d ir e c tio n of L. R. L in sen m a yer, A ssista n t C om m is s io n e r fo r W ages and In du strial R ela tion s. The a n a l y s is was p re p a re d by J oseph C. Bush, under the im m e d i ate su p erv ision of L. E a rl L ew is. F ie ld w ork fo r the su rvey w as d ir e c te d by the A ssista n t R egion a l D ir e c to r s fo r W ages and Industrial R ela tion s. Other re p o r ts a va ila b le fr o m the B u re a u 's p ro g ra m of industry w age stu dies, as w e ll as the a d d r e s s e s o f the B u rea u 's six re g io n a l o ffic e s , a re liste d at the end o f the bulletin. m Contents Page S u m m a r y --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In d u stry c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T y p e s o f e s t a b li s h m e n t s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 E m p lo y m e n t ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------U n io n iz a t io n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 3 3 3 W o r k s c h e d u le s , h o u r s w o r k e d , and o v e r t im e p r o v i s i o n s ---------------------------S u p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------P a id h o li d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P a id v a c a t i o n s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H ealth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s ------------------------------------------------------------ 6 7 7 7 7 T a b le s : A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s : 1. A l l a r e a s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------E a r n in g s d is tr ib u t io n :. 2. A l l a r e a s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. A l l a r e a s — W o m e n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. A l l a r e a s — M e n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. M e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. N o n m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s -------------------------------------------------------------------------O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : L a u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s — 7. A k r o n , O h i o --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. A lb a n y —S c h e n e c ta d y —T r o y , N. Y --------------------------------------------------------9. A lle n to w n —B e th le h e m —E a s to n , P a , — J ------------------------------------------N. 10. A tla n ta , G a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11. B a l t i m o r e , M d ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12. B o s t o n , M a s s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13. B r id g e p o r t , C o n n -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------14. B u ffa lo , N. Y -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15. C h ic a g o , 111— --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16. C in c in n a ti, O h io— y. —Ind---------------------------------------------------------------------K 17. C le v e la n d , O h i o -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18. C o lu m b u s , O h i o -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19D a yton , O h i o ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20. D e n v e r , C o lo -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21. D e tr o it , M i c h -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22. G a ry — a m m on d —E a s t C h ic a g o , I n d ---------------------------------------------------H 23. G ra n d R a p id s , M ic h ------------------------------------------------------------------------------24. H a r tfo r d , C o n n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25. In d ia n a p o lis , I n d ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------26. K a n s a s C ity , M o . — a n s -----------------------------------------------------------------------K 27. L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A n a G a rd e n G r o v e , C a l i f --------------------------------------------------------------------------28. M e m p h is , T en n . — r k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------A 29. M ia m i, F l a ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30. M ilw a u k e e , W i s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Contents— Continued Page T a b le s — C on tin u ed O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : L a u n d r y and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s — C on tin u ed 31. M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l, M in n --------------------------------------------------------------32. N ew H aven , C on n ----------------------------------------33. N ew O r le a n s , L a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------34. N ew Y o r k , N. Y ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------35. N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity , N. J -----------------------------------------------------------36. O m ah a, N e b r . —I o w a ----------------------------------------------------------------------------37. P a t e r s o n — lifto n —P a s s a i c , N. J -------------------------------------------------------C 38. P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . —N. J — * -------------------------------------------------------------------39. P h o e n ix , A r i z ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40. P itts b u r g h , P a -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41. P o r tla n d , O r e g . —W a s h ------------------------------------------------------------------------42. R o c h e s t e r , N. Y ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------43. R o c k f o r d , 111------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------44. S a c r a m e n to , C a lif --------------------------------------------------------------------------------45. Salt L a k e C ity, U tah ----------------------------------------------------------------------------46. San D ie g o , C a l i f -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------47. San F r a n c i s c o —O akland, C a l i f ----------------------------------------------------------48. San J o s e , C a l if -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------49. S ea ttle—E v e r e t t , W a s h ------------------------------------------------------------------------50. S p r in g fie ld —C h ic o p e e —H o ly o k e , M a s s . —C o n n -------------------------------51. St. L o u is , M o . —I l l ------------------------------------------------------------------------------52. S y r a c u s e , N. Y -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------53. T o l e d o , O h io— ic h ------------------------------------------------------------------------------M 54. T u c s o n , A r i z ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------55. W a sh in g ton , D. C. —M d. —V a ---------------------------------------------------------------56. W ic h ita , K a n s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------57. Y ou n g stow n —W a r r e n , O h io ----------------------------------------------------------------O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : P o w e r la u n d r ie s — 58. B a lt im o r e , M d -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------59. B o s t o n , M a s s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------60. C h ic a g o , 111-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------61. L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A n a G a rd e n G r o v e , C a l if -------------------------------------------------------------------------62. N ew Y o r k , N. Y ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------63. N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N. J -----------------------------------------------------------64. P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . —N. J ------------------------------------------------------------------------65. San F r a n c i s c o — ak land, C a l i f ----------------------------------------------------------O O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : D r y c l e a n e r s — 66. B a lt im o r e , M d -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------67. B o s t o n , M a s s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------68. C h ic a g o , 111-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------69. D e tr o it , M ic h ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------70. L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A n a G a rd e n G r o v e , C a l if -------------------------------------------------------------------------71. N ew Y o r k , N. Y ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------72. P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . - N . J ------------------------------------------------------------------------- v 39 40 41 42 44 45 46 47 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 Contents— Continued Page T a b le s— C on tin u ed M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t: 73. U nited S ta tes and r e g i o n s ------------------------------------------------------------------M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t and la b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s : 74. S e le c t e d a r e a s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s : 75. U nited S ta tes and r e g i o n s ------------------------------------------------------------------76. S e le c t e d a r e a s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r t im e p r e m iu m p a y : 77. U nited S ta tes and r e g i o n s ------------------------------------------------------------------78. S e le c t e d a r e a s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S u p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s : 79. P a id h o lid a y s : U nited S ta tes and r e g i o n s -------------------------------- -----80. P a id h o lid a y s : S e le c t e d a r e a s ----------------------------------------------------------81. P a id v a c a t io n s : U nited S ta tes and r e g i o n s ------------------------------------82. P a id v a c a t io n s : S e le c t e d a r e a s -------------------------------------------------------83. H e a lth , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s : U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------84. H ea lth , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s : S e le c t e d a r e a s ----------------------------------------------------------------A p p e n d ix e s : A . S c o p e and m e th o d o f s u r v e y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------B . O c c u p a tio n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vi 83 84 86 87 89 90 93 94 96 97 100 105 110 Industry Wage S u r v e y - Laundry and Cleaning Services, Mid-1966 S u m m a ry S t r a ig h t -t im e e a r n in g s o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t r o u te m e n , in la u n d r y and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s a v e r a g e d $ 1 .4 4 an h o u r in m i d - 1 9 6 6 . In s id e p la n t w o r k e r s , a c c o u n tin g f o r 95 p e r c e n t o f the 3 9 7 ,7 1 5 w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the B u r e a u 's s u r v e y , 1 a v e r a g e d $ 1. 43 an h o u r , c o m p a r e d w ith $ 1 .7 1 f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s . A p p r o x im a t e ly o n e -e ig h t h o f the p la n t w o r k e r s 2 e a r n e d l e s s than $ 1 an h o u r , n e a r ly t h r e e -t e n t h s e a r n e d l e s s than $ 1 . 1 5 , and s lig h t ly o v e r t w o - f if t h s e a r n e d l e s s than $ 1. 30. 3 R e g io n a l a v e r a g e s f o r p la n t w o r k e r s r a n g e d f r o m $ 1 . 7 3 in the W e s t to $ 1. 14 in the South. In e a c h r e g io n , e a r n in g s o f p lan t w o r k e r s in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s a v e r a g e d a bou t 20 c e n ts an h o u r m o r e than th o s e in the s m a l le r c o m m u n it ie s . D a ta a r e p r o v id e d s e p a r a t e ly f o r 51 la r g e m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . P a id v a c a t io n s and h o lid a y s w e r e a v a ila b le to a l a r g e m a jo r i t y o f the p la n t w o r k e r s ; p r o v i s io n s f o r l i f e , h o s p it a liz a t io n , s u r g i c a l, and m e d i c a l in s u r a n c e b e n e fit s a p p lie d to a s o m e w h a t s m a l le r p r o p o r t i o n o f th e s e w o r k e r s . E s t a b li s h m e n ts h a v in g c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a jo r i t y o f t h e ir p la n t w o r k e r s a c c o u n te d f o r s lig h t ly m o r e than o n e - t h i r d o f a ll p la n t w o r k e r s ; th e p r o p o r t i o n s , h o w e v e r , v a r ie d c o n s i d e r a b ly b y l o c a t io n . In d u stry C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s T y p e s o f E s t a b lis h m e n t s . T h e s u r v e y c o v e r e d a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s , e m p lo y in g fo u r w o r k e r s o r m o r e , e n g a g e d p r i m a r il y in o p e r a t in g la u n d r ie s o r c le a n in g and d y e in g p la n ts o r p r o v id in g any o f the la u n d r y o r c le a n in g s e r v i c e s d e fin e d in G r o u p 721 in the S ta n d a rd In d u s tr ia l C la s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l. 4 E s t a b lis h m e n t s w e r e c l a s s i f i e d o n the b a s is o f th e ir p r in c ip a l a c t iv it y . C le a n in g and d y e in g (e x c e p t r u g -c le a n in g ) p la n ts a c c o u n te d f o r t w o - f if t h s o f the w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the s u r v e y ; 1 See appendix A for scope and method of survey. Wage data contained in this bulletin exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. This survey corresponds in scope with a similar survey conducted in June 1963} for results of the earlier survey, see Industry Wage Survey: Laundries and Cleaning Services. June 1963 (BLS Bulletin 1401, 1964). The published estimate of the number of nonsupervisory employees (except routemen) covered by the 1963 survey was overstated by nearly 30, 000; the degree of overstatement varying among the regions. 2 For ease of reading, the term "plant workers" in this and subsequent statements is used to refer to inside plant workers as defined in appendix A. 3 Most laundry and drycleaning services establishments were not covered by the Federal minimum wage law at the time of the survey reference date. The Fair Labor Standards Amendments of 1966, effective Feb. 1, 1967, ex tended general coverage of the act to all employees in laundry and drycleaning enterprises. It provides that newly covered employees must be paid not less than $1 an hour beginning Feb. 1, 1967, and that the minimum wage be increased 15 cents an hour each year thereafter until Feb. 1, 1971, when the minimum will be $1.60. 4 Prepared by the U. S. Bureau of the Budget. 1 2 th o s e c l a s s i f i e d as p o w e r la u n d r ie s a c c o u n te d f o r o n e - t h i r d . T h e m a jo r i t y o f the e m p lo y e e s in e a c h g r o u p , h o w e v e r , w e r e in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g b o th ty p e s o f s e r v i c e . 5 E s t a b lis h m e n t s e n g a g e d p r i m a r il y in su p p ly in g la u n d e r e d lin e n s , w o r k c lo th in g , o r u n ifo r m s on a c o n t r a c t b a s is a c c o u n te d f o r o n e - f i f t h o f the s u r v e y e m p lo y m e n t ; m a n y o f th e s e e s t a b lis h m e n t s d id n ot o p e r a t e t h e ir ow n la u n d r y f a c i l i t i e s . H an d la u n d r ie s , d ia p e r s e r v i c e e s t a b lis h m e n t s , s e l f - s e r v i c e la u n d r ie s , and r u g -c le a n in g p la n ts a c c o u n te d f o r the r e m a in in g w o r k e r s ( le s s than o n e -t e n t h o f the to ta l). L o c a t io n . T h e in d u s t r y 's e m p lo y m e n t is d is t r ib u t e d g e o g r a p h ic a lly in abou t the s a m e m a n n e r as the N a tio n 's p o p u la tio n . S lig h tly m o r e than o n e - t h i r d o f the w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the s u r v e y w e r e in the South, w h ic h a c c o u n ts f o r a little m o r e than t h r e e -t e n t h s o f the p o p u la tio n . T h e N o r th e a s t and N o rth C e n t r a l r e g io n s e a c h a c c o u n te d f o r a p p r o x im a t e ly o n e -f o u r t h o f in d u s t r y 's w o r k f o r c e as w e l l a s f o r o n e - f o u r t h o f the p o p u la tio n . O n e -e ig h t h o f in d u s t r y 's w o r k f o r c e and o n e s ix th o f the p o p u la tio n w e r e in the W e s t. M e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s 7 a c c o u n te d f o r s lig h t ly o v e r f o u r - f i f t h s o f a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p lo y e e s , e x c e p t r o u te m e n . R e g io n a lly , the p r o p o r t io n s w e r e abou t n in e -te n th s in the N o r th e a s t and W e s t , f o u r - f i f t h s in the N o rth C e n tr a l, and s e v e n -t e n t h s in the South. T h e 51 m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s f o r w h ich s e p a r a te d ata w e r e d e v e lo p e d a c c o u n te d f o r a bou t o n e - h a lf o f the w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by the s u r v e y . N o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y m e n t in th e s e a r e a s r a n g e d f r o m 26, 850 in N ew Y o r k to fe w e r than 1, 000 in B r id g e p o r t , N ew H a v e n , R o c k f o r d , W ic h ita , and T u c s o n . E m p lo y m e n t . L a u n d r y and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in s c o p e o f the s u r v e y e m p lo y e d 4 8 3 ,9 7 4 w o r k e r s in m i d - 1 9 6 6 . A s in d ic a te d in the f o l lo w in g ta b u la tio n , n o n s u p e r v is o r y p la n t w o r k e r s a c c o u n te d f o r n e a r ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f th is to ta l: Number Percent Total em ploym ent---------------------- 483,974 100 Nonsupervisory employees, except routemen-----------------------------------------Inside plant workers------------------------Office workers---------------------------------Routemen-------------------------------------------Other employees1 ---------------------------------- 397,715 379,207 18, 508 41,799 44,460 82 78 4 9 9 1 Includes executive, professional, and supervisory employees. S lig h tly m o r e than t h r e e - f o u r t h s o f the 379, 207 p la n t w o r k e r s w e r e w o m e n . R e g io n a lly , the p r o p o r t i o n s w e r e 70 p e r c e n t in the N o r th e a s t, 76 p e r c e n t in the W e s t , and 80 p e r c e n t in the South and N o rth C e n t r a l. 5 Establishments providing both types of service were classified on the basis of their principal service during the previous year. 6 Population estimates were obtained from the U. S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports: Population Estimates, Series P-25, No. 348, Sept. 16, 1966. 7 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas as defined by the U. S. Bureau of the Budget as of March 1965. 3 A s in d ic a te d in the fo llo w in g ta b u la tio n , e ig h t o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s (stu d ie d o n a n a tio n w id e b a s is ) a c c o u n te d f o r o n e - h a lf o f the p la n t w o r k e r s : Plant workers by selected occupational classifications Item Number All plant workers--------- 379,207 Assemblers---------------------------Drycleaners-------------------------Finishers, flatwork, m ach in e---------------------------Pressers, machine, drycleaning-----------------------Pressers, machine, shirts------Pressers, machine, wearing apparel (laundry)---------------Tumbler operators (laundry) - Washers, m a ch in e--------------- Percent of women Percent of total 77 100 20, 416 10, 104 94 13 5 3 47,003 98 12 40, 593 34,663 70 99 11 9 22, 510 4,175 9, 182 98 62 15 6 1 2 U n io n iz a tio n . E s t a b lis h m e n ts h a v in g c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r in g a m a jo r i t y o f t h e i r p la n t w o r k e r s a c c o u n te d f o r s lig h tly m o r e than o n e -t h i r d o f a ll plan t w o r k e r s . T h e p r o p o r t io n s w e r e a p p r o x im a t e ly o n e - h a lf in the N orth C e n tr a l, W e s t, and N o r th e a s t r e g io n s , and o n e -e ig h t h in the South. In e a c h r e g io n , c o n t r a c t c o v e r a g e w a s c o n s id e r a b ly m o r e e x te n s iv e in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s than in the s m a l le r c o m m u n it ie s ; n a tio n a lly , the p r o p o r t io n s w e r e 43 and 8 p e r ce n t, r e s p e c t i v e l y . In 23 o f the 51 s e le c t e d a r e a s , at le a s t o n e - h a lf o f the w o r k e r s w e r e in e s ta b lis h m e n ts h a v in g su ch c o n t r a c t s ( s e e ta b le 7 4 ). T h e m a jo r u n ion s w e r e the L a u n d r y , D r y C le a n in g , and D ye H o u s e W o r k e r s In te r n a tio n a l U nion (Ind. ); L a u n d ry and D r y C le a n in g In te r n a tio n a l U nion ( A F L - C I O ) ; and the A m a lg a m a te d C lo th in g W o r k e r s o f A m e r i c a ( A F L - C I O ) . M eth od o f W age P a y m e n t. In c e n tiv e w a g e s y s t e m s — m o s t c o m m o n ly in d i v id u a l p ie c e w o r k — a p p lie d to n e a r ly o n e -f i ft h o f the p la n t w o r k e r s . Th e p r o p o r tio n s w e r e l e s s than o n e -t e n t h in the W e s t and a p p r o x im a t e ly o n e - f i f t h in the o th e r r e g io n s (ta b le 7 3 ). E x c e p t f o r the W e s t, the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g in c e n tiv e p a y w a s n e a r ly o n e -f o u r t h -in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . N a tio n w id e , and in e a c h r e g io n , e x c e p t the South, l e s s than o n e -t e n t h o f the w o r k e r s in the s m a l le r c o m m u n it ie s w e r e u n d e r s u ch pay s y s t e m s . A v e r a g e H o u r ly E a r n in g s S t r a ig h t -t im e e a r n in g s o f the 3 9 7 ,7 1 5 n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s c o v e r e d by the s u r v e y a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 4 4 an h o u r in m id -1 9 6 6 (ta b le 1). T h is a v e r a g e w a s 14 p e r c e n t h ig h e r than in June 1963, w h en a s im i la r s u r v e y w a s c o n d u c te d . 8 P la n t w o r k e r s , a c c o u n tin g f o r 95 p e r c e n t o f th is w o r k f o r c e , a v e r a g e d $ 1. 43 an h o u r , c o m p a r e d w ith $ 1 .7 1 f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s . R e g io n a lly , p la n t w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 1 4 an h o u r in the South, $ 1 .5 1 in the N orth C e n tr a l, $ 1 .6 1 in the N o r th e a s t, and $ 1 . 7 3 in the W e s t. I n c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e s d u rin g the 3 y e a r s ra n g e d f r o m 7 . 4 p e r c e n t in the W e s t to 21. 1 p e r c e n t in the South. In e a c h r e g io n , e a r n in g s o f p la n t w o r k e r s in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s a v e r a g e d a p p r o x im a t e ly 20 ce n ts m o r e than th o s e o f w o r k e r s in the s m a lle r c o m m u n it ie s . N a tio n w id e , the d if fe r e n c e w a s 29 c e n t s , r e f l e c t i n g the u n e q u a l c o n tr ib u tio n o f the r e g io n s to the t o t a ls . Th e South, f o r e x a m p le , a c c o u n te d f o r 32 p e r c e n t o f a ll p lan t w o r k e r s in the l a r g e r c o m m u n itie s and f o r 5 3 p e r c e n t o f a ll p lan t w o r k e r s in n o n m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s . 8 Op. cit., BLS Bulletin 1401. 4 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f p la n t w o r k e r s in the 51 a r e a s s tu d ie d s e p a r a t e ly ra n g e d f r o m l e s s than $ 1. 25 in A tla n ta , M e m p h is , New O r le a n s , and W ic h ita to $ 2 . 28 in San F r a n c i s c o — a k la n d (ta b le s 7 th ro u g h 5 7 ). O E a r n in g s d ata a r e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly f o r p o w e r la u n d r ie s in e ig h t a r e a s (ta b le s 58 th ro u g h 65) and f o r d r y c le a n in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in s e v e n a r e a s (ta b le s 66 th rou g h 7 2). A m o n g the s ix a r e a s w h e r e c o m p a r is o n s a r e p o s s i b l e , w o r k e r s in d r y c le a n in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts a v e r a g e d m o r e than th o s e e m p lo y e d in p o w e r la u n d r ie s b y a m ou n ts ra n g in g f r o m 12 c e n ts in B o s t o n to 39 ce n ts in L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A na— a rd e n G r o v e . G W om en , c o n s titu tin g s lig h tly o v e r t h r e e - f o u r t h s o f the p lan t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the s u r v e y , a v e r a g e d $ 1. 31 an h o u r c o m p a r e d w ith $ 1. 81 f o r m e n . R e g io n a lly , the d if f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s r a n g e d f r o m 39 ce n ts in the South to 60 ce n ts in the W e s t. D i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p ay le v e ls f o r m e n and w o m e n m a y b e the r e s u lt o f s e v e r a l f a c t o r s , in c lu d in g v a r ia t io n in the d is t r ib u t io n o f the s e x e s a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts and a m o n g jo b s w ith d iv e r g e n t p ay l e v e l s . D if f e r e n c e s n o te d in a v e r a g e s f o r the s a m e jo b and la b o r a r e a m a y a ls o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in d u tie s . J o b d e s c r ip t io n s u s e d in c la s s if y i n g w o r k e r s in w a g e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , b e c a u s e a llo w a n c e m u s t be m a d e f o r m in o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c i f i c d u tie s p e r fo rm e d . E a r n in g s in s o m e jo b s a re l a r g e ly d e te r m in e d by p r o d u c tio n at p ie c e ra te s. V a r ia t io n s in in c e n tiv e e a r n in g s f o r in d iv id u a ls o r s e x g r o u p s m a y be t r a c e a b le to d i f f e r e n c e s in w o r k e x p e r i e n c e , e f fo r t , w o r k flo w , o r o th e r f a c t o r s w h ich the w o r k e r m a y o r m a y not c o n t r o l. F u lly o n e -e ig h t h o f the plan t w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f the s u r v e y e a r n e d l e s s than $ 1 an h o u r in m id - 1 9 6 6 . A s in d ic a te d in the ta b u la tio n b e lo w , the la r g e m a jo r i t y o f th e s e w o r k e r s w e r e in the South, and the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s e a rn in g l e s s than $ 1 an h o u r w a s h ig h e r in the s m a lle r c o m m u n it ie s than in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s : Percent of plant workers earning less than— Item United States---------------------------Metropolitan areas-------------Nonmetropolitan areas--------Northeast--------------------------------Metropolitan areas-------------Nonmetropolitan areas--------South --------------------------------------Metropolitan areas-------------Nonmetropolitan areas-------North Central--------------------------Metropolitan areas-------------Nonmetropolitan areas-------W e s t ----------------------------------------Metropolitan areas-------------Nonmetropolitan areas-------- $ 1 .0 0 $1. 15 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 5 1 3.6 10. 5 2 7.7 .2 .2 3 4 .4 30. 2 4 4 .7 3 .9 1 .7 1 3.6 1 .5 1. 2 4 .6 2 7.7 2 2 .4 51. 1 4 .3 3 .4 10. 2 59. 1 5 2 .6 7 5 .4 16.5 13. 1 3 2 .0 7. 5 6 .4 17. 9 4 2 .5 3 6 .4 6 8 .7 17.7 15. 1 3 6 .0 7 4 .6 6 9.8 8 6 .6 3 5.7 3 0 .3 6 0 .5 13.6 12. 1 2 7.7 61. 2 5 6.8 8 0 .6 4 8 .0 46. 2 6 0 .4 8 3 .5 80. 2 9 1 .5 57. 5 5 3 .5 7 5 .7 31. 5 2 9 .0 5 4 .7 w id e ra n g e o f n a tion w id e e a r n in g s — the m id d le h a lf o f the w o r k e r s e a r n e d b e tw e e n $ 1 . 1 2 and $ 1 . 6 2 an h o u r— is due m o r e to in t e r a r e a and i n t e r r e g io n a l d if fe r e n t ia ls than to in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t p ay p r c ic t ic e s . T h u s, the m id d le h a lf o f the p lan t w o r k e r s in the South e a r n e d b e tw e e n 89 ce n ts and $ 1 . 31 an h o u r , and in the W e s t, b e tw e e n $ 1 .4 1 and $ 1 .9 6 an h o u r . 5 T h e p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s e a rn in g l e s s than $ 1 an h o u r a m o u n te d to 56 p e r ce n t in M e m p h is , 32 p e r c e n t in A tla n ta and N ew O r le a n s , 27 p e r c e n t in W ic h ita , and 21 p e r c e n t in M ia m i. In c o n t r a s t , 53 p e r c e n t o f the p la n t w o r k e r s in San F r a n c i s c o — a k la n d , 41 p e r c e n t in S ea ttle— v e r e t t , and 35 p e r c e n t in San J o s e O E e a r n e d $ 2 an h o u r o r m o r e . O c c u p a tio n a l E a r n in g s T h e fo llo w in g ta b u la tio n p r o v id e s e a r n in g s data f o r the e ig h t o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s s tu d ie d on a n a tio n w id e b a s is : 9 Hourly earnings Item Assemblers------------------------------Drycleaners------------------------------Finishers, flatwork, machine---Pressers, machine, drycleaning--------------------------Pressers, machine, shirts-------Pressers, machine, wearing apparel (laundry)-----------------Tumbler operators (laundry)----Washers, machine-------------------- Middle half Mean Median $1. 26 1 .86 1. 18 $ 1 .3 4 1.77 1. 26 $1. 0 4 - $ l . 46 1 .4 1 - 2 .2 0 . 9 6 - 1 .39 1.75 1. 39 1 .65 1. 38 1. 2 9 - 2 .0 8 1. 1 2 - 1 .64 1 .30 1 .28 1.61 1.31 1 .32 1.57 1 .0 2 - 1 .55 1 .0 4 - 1 .48 1 .2 8 - 1 .93 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f w o r k e r s in th e s e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s v a r ie d c o n s id e r a b ly b y r e g io n . A v e r a g e (m ea n ) e a r n in g s o f fla tw o r k f in is h e r s (m a c h in e ), f o r e x a m p le , w e r e 88 ce n ts in the South, $ 1. 24 in the N o rth C e n tr a l r e g io n , $ 1. 38 in the N o r th e a s t, and $ 1. 43 in the W e s t. C o r r e s p o n d in g r e g io n a l a v e r a g e s f o r d r y c le a n e r s w e r e $ 1 . 5 5 , $ 2 .1 1 , $ 2 . 0 6 , and $ 2 . 3 9 . F la t w o r k f i n i s h e r s , n e a r ly a ll w o m e n , and n u m e r ic a lly the m o s t im p o r ta n t o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p , w e r e a m on g the lo w e s t p a id a m o n g the o c c u p a t io n s s u r v e y e d in the s e le c t e d a r e a s . T h ey a v e r a g e d b e lo w $ 1. 40 an h o u r in 28 o f the 46 a r e a s f o r w h ich data c o u ld b e sh ow n , and b e tw e e n $ 1. 40 and $ 1. 50 an h o u r in 12 o th e r a r e a s . A v e r a g e e a r n in g s b e lo w $ 1 an h o u r f o r th is jo b w e r e r e c o r d e d in A tla n ta , M e m p h is , M ia m i, New O r le a n s , W ic h ita , and P h o e n ix . D r y c l e a n e r s (p r e d o m in a n tly m e n ) w e r e a m o n g the h ig h e r p a id w o r k e r s and a v e r a g e d a b o v e $ 2 an h o u r in 22 o f the 42 a r e a s f o r w h ich a v e r a g e s c o u ld be p u b lis h e d . In 12 o th e r a r e a s , the a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f th e s e w o r k e r s w e r e b e tw e e n $ 1 .8 0 and $ 2 an h o u r . A v e r a g e e a rn in g s w e r e b e lo w $ 1 .6 0 an h o u r in A tla n ta , M e m p h is , and W ic h ita and a b o v e $ 2 .5 0 in H a r t fo r d , M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l, P o r tla n d (O r e g . ), E o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A na— a rd e n G r o v e , G and S ea ttle— v e r e t t . E O p e r a t o r s o f s h i r t - p r e s s i n g m a c h in e s (p r e d o m in a n tly w o m e n ) a v e r a g e d m o r e than fla t w o r k f in i s h e r s in a ll a r e a s w h e r e c o m p a r i s o n s a r e p o s s i b l e ; d i f f e r e n c e s ra n g e d f r o m 3 ce n ts in M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l to 55 ce n ts in B o s t o n . In 35 a r e a s , d if f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s ra n g e d f r o m 10 to 40 c e n t s . In a m a jo r i t y o f the a r e a s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f w e a r in g a p p a r e l p r e s s e r s (m a c h in e ) w e r e u s u a lly b e tw e e n th o s e o f fla t w o r k f in is h e r s and s h ir t p r e s s e r s . 9 Additional occupational classifications were used for individual areas. 6 E a r n in g s o f in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s v a r ie d g r e a t ly w ith in the s a m e jo b and a r e a (ta b le s 7 th rou g h 5 7 ). In m a n y in s t a n c e s , h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f the h ig h e s t p a id w o r k e r s e x c e e d e d th o s e o f the lo w e s t p a id w o r k e r s in the s a m e j o b and a re a by $ 1 o r m o r e . T h u s , s o m e w o r k e r s in c o m p a r a t iv e ly low p a id j o b s (a s m e a s u r e d b y the a v e r a g e f o r a ll w o r k e r s ) e a r n e d m o r e than s o m e w o r k e r s in jo b s f o r w h ich s ig n ific a n t ly h ig h e r a v e r a g e s w e r e r e c o r d e d . F o r e x a m p le , the fo llo w in g ta b u la tio n in d ic a t e s c o n s id e r a b le o v e r la p p in g o f in d iv id u a l r a t e s f o r w o m e n m a c h in e fla t w o r k f in i s h e r s and w o m e n m a c h in e w e a r in g a p p a r e l p r e s s e r s (la u n d ry ) in the N ew Y o r k a r e a , d e s p it e a 2 3 - c e n t d if f e r e n c e in the h o u r ly a v e r a g e s b e tw e e n the tw o j o b s . Women machine flatwork finishers Hourly earnings Under $1. 30 $1. 50 $1.70 $1.90 $2.10 $2. 30 $2. 50 Women machine wearing apparel pressers (laundry) $1.30........... - ............. . and under $1. 50-------and under $1. 70-------and under $1. 90-------and under $2. 10-------and under $2. 30-------and under $2. 50-------and o v e r ------------------ 57 2,899 561 240 29 5 1 2 69 285 253 118 87 46 52 26 T o ta l----------------------- 3,794 936 Average hourly earnings------ $1.43 $1.66 W o r k S c h e d u le s , H o u r s W o r k e d , and O v e r t im e P r o v i s i o n s W o rk s c h e d u le s o f 40 h o u r s a w e e k a p p lie d to a m a jo r i t y o f the f u l l - t i m e p la n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g a p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - f if t h s o f the i n d u s t r y ’ s w o r k f o r c e (ta b le s 75 and 7 6 ). H o w e v e r , o n ly o n e -f o u r t h a c tu a lly w o r k e d 40 h o u r s a w e e k at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , as in d ic a te d in the ta b u la tio n b e lo w : Percent of plant workers working specified number of _________ hours during survey week in— ___________ United States Northeast Under 15----------------------------15 and under 35------------------35 and under 4 0 ---- ---------- — 40............................................... Over 40 and under 4 4 ---------44---------Over 44 and including 4 8 -----Over 4 8 ...........- ....................— 3.1 17.6 15.1 25.8 10.1 6.2 14.9 7.3 4.0 21.8 15.4 25.2 11.2 4.5 11.8 6.1 T o t a l.................... 100.0 379, 207 Weekly hours worked Number of workers-------------- North Central West 2.3 14.5 14.7 20.1 10.9 8.1 19.7 9.7 3.6 20.7 16.8 23.8 10.2 5. 1 13.3 6.6 2.4 12.0 12.3 47.0 5.0 6.5 10.6 4.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 92, 293 137,062 101,732 48,120 South NOTE; Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. S lig h tly o v e r o n e - t h i r d w o r k e d l e s s than 40 h o u r s and a bou t t w o - f if t h s w o r k e d m o r e . Th e p r o p o r t io n s w o r k in g m o r e than 40 h o u r s ra n g e d f r o m a bou t o n e -f o u r t h in the W e s t to abou t o n e - h a lf in the South; t h r e e - e ig h t h s o f the w o r k e r s in th e South w o r k e d 44 h o u r s o r m o r e . T h e a v e r a g e w o r k w e e k o f p la n t w o r k e r s n a tio n w id e w a s 3 8 .7 h o u r s ; r e g io n a lly , it w a s 3 7 .4 in the N o r th e a s t, 4 0 .1 in the South, 3 7 .8 in the N orth C e n tr a l, and 39 in the W e s t. W o r k w e e k s a ls o v a r ie d b y o c c u p a tio n . F o r e x a m p le , the a v e r a g e f o r fla t w o r k f in i s h e r s w a s 38. 8 h o u r s c o m p a r e d w ith 4 2. 7 f o r d r y c le a n e r s . 7 N e a r ly t h r e e - f if t h s o f the p la n t w o r k e r s w e r e in e s t a b lis h m e n t s that v id e d w e e k ly o v e r t im e p r e m iu m p ay (ta b le 7 7 ). T h e p r o p o r t io n s ra n g e d a bou t t h r e e -t e n t h s in the South to n e a r ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s in the N o r th e a s t. o v e r t im e p r o v i s io n s a p p lie d to s lig h tly o v e r t h r e e -t e n t h s o f the w o r k e r s . f o r the s e le c t e d a r e a s a r e p r e s e n t e d in ta b le 7 8. p ro fro m D a ily D ata S u p p le m e n ta r y W ag e P r o v i s i o n s D a ta w e r e a ls o o b ta in e d o n s e le c t e d s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fit s , in c lu d in g p a id h o lid a y s and v a c a t io n s ; p e n s io n p la n s ; lif e in s u r a n c e ; s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e ; and h o s p it a liz a t io n , s u r g i c a l, and m e d ic a l b e n e f it s , p r o v id e d to p la n t w o r k e r s . S im ila r in fo r m a t io n w a s n ot o b ta in e d f o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y o f f i c e e m p lo y e e s . P a id H o lid a y s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g a p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the p la n t w o r k e r s p r o v id e d 1 p a id h o lid a y o r m o r e (ta b le 7 9 ). S ix h o lid a y s a y e a r w a s the m o s t c o m m o n p r o v i s io n , a p p ly in g to o v e r t w o - f if t h s o f a ll w o r k e r s . P r o v i s i o n s w e r e m o s t l i b e r a l in the N o r th e a s t and W e s t, w h e r e a th ir d o f the w o r k e r s o r m o r e r e c e i v e d at le a s t 7 d a y s a y e a r ; w o r k e r s in the N o rth C e n tr a l m o s t c o m m o n ly r e c e i v e d 6 p a id h o lid a y s , and in the South, 5 d a y s . E x c e p t in the W e s t, the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g p a id h o lid a y s w e r e s u b s ta n tia lly l a r g e r in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s than in the s m a l le r c o m m u n it ie s . T a b le 80 in d ic a t e s h o lid a y p r o v i s io n s in the 51 s e le c t e d a r e a s . P a id V a c a t io n s . P a id v a c a t io n s , a fte r q u a lify in g p e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e , w e r e p r o v id e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g n e a r ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the p la n t w o r k e r s (ta b le 8 1 ). A la r g e m a jo r i t y o f the w o r k e r s r e c e i v e d 1 w e e k o f v a c a t io n p ay a fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v i c e , and s lig h tly o v e r o n e - h a lf r e c e i v e d 2 w e e k s a fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e rv ice . A b o u t o n e -f o u r t h o f the w o r k e r s w e r e in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g 3 w e e k s o r m o r e u p on c o m p le t io n o f 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . T h r e e - f o u r t h s o f the w o r k e r s in the South r e c e i v e d p a id v a c a t io n s , c o m p a r e d w ith n in e -te n th s o r m o r e in the o th e r th r e e r e g io n s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s w e r e m o r e l i b e r a l in p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t io n s than th o s e in n o n m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s in e a c h r e g io n e x c e p t the W e s t. V a c a tio n p r o v i s io n s in the 51 s e le c t e d a r e a s a r e r e p o r t e d in ta b le 8 2. H e a lth , I n s u r a n c e , and P e n s io n P l a n s . L i f e , h o s p it a liz a t io n , and s u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e , f o r w h ich e m p lo y e r s p a id at le a s t p a r t o f the c o s t , w e r e a v a ila b le in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g s lig h tly o v e r o n e - h a lf o f the p la n t w o r k e r s (ta b le 8 3 ). M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e w a s a v a ila b le to o v e r t w o - f if t h s o f the w o r k e r s ; s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t , and a c c id e n t a l d eath and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e , to a bou t o n e -t h i r d ; and c a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e , to l e s s than o n e -t e n t h . E x c e p t f o r c a ta s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e , b e n e fit s w e r e u s u a lly fin a n c e d e n t ir e ly b y the e m p lo y e r . P r o v is io n s v a r ie d b y r e g io n ; s u ch b e n e fits w e r e le a s t c o m m o n in the South. In e a c h r e g io n , the p la n s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e w e r e m o r e p r e v a le n t in m e t r o p o lit a n than in n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . R e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n b e n e fits (in a d d itio n to th o s e a v a ila b le u n d e r F e d e r a l s o c i a l s e c u r it y ) w e r e r e p o r t e d b y e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g o n e - s i x t h o f the plan t w o r k e r s . Such b e n e fit s w e r e m o s t c o m m o n in the N o r th e a s t r e g io n , a p p ly in g to n e a r ly o n e - t h i r d o f the w o r k e r s . I n fo r m a tio n f o r the 51 a r e a s is p r o v id e d in ta b le 84. 0 0 Table 1. Average Hourly Earnings: All Areas (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t ro u t e m e n , in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y s e le c t e d c h a r a c t e r is t i c s , U nited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , m id —1966) U nited Sta tes Item N orth C e n tr a l South N o r th e a s t W e st N u m b er of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a rn in g s N um ber of w ork ers A v era g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s N u m b er of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a rn in g s N u m ber of w ork ers A v era g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s N u m ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a rn in g s 3 9 7 ,7 1 5 3 0 9 ,6 2 4 8 8 ,0 9 1 3 7 9 ,2 0 7 2 9 2 ,1 4 5 8 7 ,0 6 2 18, 508 1 7 ,4 7 9 1 ,0 2 9 $ 1 .4 4 1. 33 1 .8 1 1 .4 3 1. 31 1 .8 1 1 .7 1 1. 68 2. 13 9 7 ,3 9 5 6 9 ,4 4 7 2 7 ,9 4 8 9 2 ,2 9 3 6 4 ,6 2 9 2 7 ,6 6 4 5 ,1 0 2 4 ,8 1 8 .284 $ 1 . 62 1. 50 1 .9 2 1. 61 1 .4 8 1 .9 1 1. 80 1 .7 7 2. 31 1 4 2 ,3 5 8 1 1 4 ,6 2 8 2 7 ,7 3 0 1 3 7 ,0 6 2 1 0 9 ,5 9 2 2 7 ,4 7 0 5 , 296 5 ,0 3 6 260 $ 1 . 15 1 .0 8 1 .4 5 1. 14 1 .0 6 1 .4 5 1. 48 1 .4 7 1. 67 1 0 7 ,1 2 7 8 6 ,2 8 7 2 0 ,8 4 0 1 0 1 ,7 3 2 8 1 ,2 5 5 2 0 ,4 7 7 5, 395 5 ,0 3 2 363 $ 1 .5 2 1 .4 2 1 .9 3 1. 51 1. 40 1 .9 3 1 .7 3 1 .7 0 2. 19 5 0 ,8 3 5 3 9 ,2 6 2 1 1 ,5 7 3 4 8 ,1 2 0 3 6 ,6 6 9 1 1 ,4 5 1 2, 715 2, 593 122 $ 1 .7 4 1. 61 2. 19 1 .7 3 1 .5 9 2. 19 1 .9 1 1 .8 9 2. 50 3 2 2 ,3 8 0 2 4 8 ,6 4 6 7 3 ,7 3 4 3 0 6 ,8 2 1 2 3 3 ,9 9 4 7 2 ,8 2 7 1 5 ,5 5 9 1 4 ,6 5 2 907 1. 50 1. 38 1. 87 1 .4 8 1. 36 1. 87 1. 75 1 .7 3 2. 15 8 6 ,2 6 8 6 1 ,1 0 2 2 5 ,1 6 6 8 1 ,6 4 3 5 6 ,7 2 5 2 4 ,9 1 8 4, 625 4 , 377 248 1. 64 1. 51 1 .9 4 1. 63 1 .4 9 1 .9 3 1. 82 1. 79 2. 40 1 0 2 ,3 6 4 8 1 ,9 6 7 2 0 ,3 9 7 9 8 ,3 5 0 7 8 ,1 8 6 2 0 ,1 6 4 4 ,0 1 4 3 ,7 8 1 233 1. 20 1. 12 1 .5 2 1. 19 1. 11 1. 52 1. 51 1. 50 1. 66 8 8 ,0 5 0 7 0 ,3 3 8 1 7 ,7 1 2 8 3 ,5 2 0 6 6 ,1 3 3 1 7 ,3 8 7 4 ,5 3 0 4 , 205 325 1. 56 1. 45 1 .9 7 1. 54 1. 43 1 .9 7 1 .8 0 1 .7 6 2. 26 4 5 ,6 9 8 3 5 ,2 3 9 1 0 ,4 5 9 4 3 ,3 0 8 3 2 ,9 5 0 1 0 ,3 5 8 2, 390 2, 289 101 1. 76 1. 63 2. 21 1. 75 1. 61 2. 21 1 .9 3 1 .9 1 2. 27 7 5 ,3 3 5 6 0 ,9 7 8 1 4 ,3 5 7 7 2 ,3 8 6 5 8 ,1 5 1 1 4 ,2 3 5 2 ,9 4 9 2 ,8 2 7 122 1. 20 1. 12 1 .5 1 1. 19 1. 11 1. 50 1 .4 7 1 .4 4 2. 01 1 1 ,1 2 7 8, 345 2, 782 1 0 ,6 5 0 7 ,9 0 4 2, 746 477 441 " 1 .4 5 1. 37 1. 72 1. 45 1. 36 1. 71 1. 59 1. 58 3 9 ,9 9 4 3 2 ,6 6 1 7 ,3 3 3 3 8 ,7 1 2 3 1 ,4 0 6 7 ,3 0 6 1 ,2 8 2 1 ,2 5 5 1 .0 2 .9 6 1. 28 1 .0 0 .9 4 1. 27 1 .4 0 1. 39 “ 1 9 ,0 7 7 1 5 ,9 4 9 3 ,1 2 8 1 8 ,2 1 2 1 5 ,1 2 2 3 ,0 9 0 865 827 38 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 5 ,1 3 7 4 ,0 2 3 1 ,1 1 4 4 ,8 1 2 3 ,7 1 9 1 ,0 9 3 325 304 " 1. 56 1. 45 1 .9 5 1. 54 1. 43 1 .9 2 1. 80 1. 67 ■ A ll a rea s N o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t r o u t e m e n ----W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------------------------------- in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------O f f i c e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------M e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s 2 N o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t r o u t e m e n ----W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------n s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------------------------- :--------O ffi c e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------N o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s N o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t r o u t e m e n ----W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------In s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------O f f i c e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e n ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . 2 S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s , as d e fin e d b y the U. S. B u rea u o f the B u d get as o f M a r c h 1965. NOTE: D a s h e s in d ic a t e no d a ta r e p o r t e d o r data that d o not m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r ia . “ 33 25 72 32 24 72 37 36 62 Table 2. Earnings Distribution: All Areas (P e r c e n t d is t r ib u t io n o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t routemen, in la u n d ry and cle a n in g se r v ic e s establishm ents b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1 U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , mid—1966) U n ited S ta tes A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 U n d er $ 0. 7 5 --------------------------- In sid e pla n t wo rk ers T ota l N o r th e a s t T ota l 0. 5 In sid e pla n t w ork ers (2 ) O ffic e w ork ers (2) South O ffic e w ork ers 3. 6 3. 7 $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 .8 0 $ 0 . 85 $ 0. 90 $ 0. 95 and and and and and under under under under under $ 0. 8 0 -------$ 0 . 8 5 -------$ 0 . 9 0 -------$ 0. 9 5 -------$ 1 . 0 0 -------- 1. 8 2. 1 2. 1 2. 0 1 .4 1. 2. 2. 2. 1. 9 2 2 1 5 .2 .5 .3 .4 .2 (2 ) (2) 0. 1 (2) . 1 (2> (2 ) 0. 1 (2 ) . 1 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 . 10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and under unde r under unde r under $ 1. 0 5 -------$ 1. 1 0 -------$ 1 . 1 5 -------$ 1 . 2 0 -------$ 1 . 2 5 -------- 7 .6 2. 3 3. 8 2. 7 2. 4 7. 8 2 .4 3. 9 2. 8 2. 5 2. 7 1. 0 2. 5 1 .4 1 .4 1 .9 . 5 1. 5 1. 2 .9 2. . 1. 1. . 0 5 6 3 9 $ 1. 25 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and under under under under unde r $ $ $ $ $ 1 . 3 0 -------1. 3 5 -------1 . 4 0 -------1 . 4 5 -------1 . 5 0 -------- 9. 6. 6. 5. 3. 5 1 9 4 7 9. 6. 7. 5. 3. 5 2 0 5 8 8 .9 4. 3 4. 5 2. 8 2 .4 10. 9 9. 0 12. 3 8. 0 4 .9 11. 9. 12. 8. 5. 2 2 7 4 0 6. 4. 4. 2. 2. $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1 . 6 0 -------$ 1 . 7 0 -------$ 1 . 8 0 -------$ 1. 9 0 -------$ 2. 0 0 -------- 8. 5. 4. 3. 2. 9 5 4 4 0 8. 5. 4. 3. 2. 7 3 2 2 0 1 3 .0 8. 6 8. 2 7. 1 3. 5 12. 7. 5. 4. 2. 1 1 4 5 3 11. 7. 5. 4. 2. 9 0 2 3 3 $ 2. 00 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 and and and and and under under unde r under under $ 2 . 1 0 -------$ 2 . 2 0 -------$ 2 . 3 0 -------$ 2. 4 0 -------$ 2 . 5 0 -------- 3. 1. 1. . . 1 6 3 9 7 2. 1. 1. . . 9 5 2 9 6 7. 3 3. 8 3 .4 2. 2 1 .5 4 .4 2. 2 1 .9 1. 3 1 .0 4. 2. 1. 1. . $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2. 90 and and and and and unde r unde r under under under $ 2 . 6 0 -------$ 2 . 7 0 -------$ 2 . 8 0 -------$ 2 . 9 0 -------$ 3 . 0 0 -------- 1. . . . . 1 6 6 4 2 1. . . . . 0 6 6 3 2 2. 8 .7 .9 .6 .2 1 .8 1. 2 . 6 .5 . 2 1. 1. . . . 1 T o ta l N o r th C e n t r a l In sid e p la n t w ork ers O ffic e w ork ers T o ta l In sid e p la n t w ork ers W est O ffi c e w ork ers T o ta l In sid e p la n t w ork ers ( 2) 9 .6 9 .9 1 .8 0 .6 0 .6 (2) (2) (2 ) _ 4. 6 5 .4 5 .4 4. 6 3. 6 4. 5. 5. 4. 3. 8 5 6 8 8 .4 1 .4 .5 1. 3 .5 .7 .4 . 5 1. 2 . 3 .7 .5 .5 1. 3 .3 0. 5 . 3 .5 . 1 0. 1 .4 .3 . 3 . 3 0. 1 .4 .3 . 3 .4 * 0. 1 O ffic e w ork ers (2 ) _ 0. 1 14. 4. 5. 3. 2. 6 0 6 1 7 15. 4. 5. 3. 2. 0 1 6 1 7 4 .6 1 .6 5. 1 2 .9 2 .9 5 .6 2. 3 4 .4 4. 1 4. 2 5 .7 2 .4 4 .5 4. 2 4 .4 3. 3 . 9 3. 0 1. 2 .9 3. 1 1. 0 1 .9 1 .6 .7 3. . 2. 1. . 5 3 6 3 3 9. 3. 3. 2. 2. 8 2 8 2 4 9. 3. 3. 2. 2. 7 1 7 1 3 14. 1 6. 3 5 .9 3. 5 3 .9 1 0 .4 8. 2 6 .6 6 .4 3. 5 10. 6 8 .4 6. 8 6 .6 3. 6 7. 0 3 .8 4. 1 3. 2 1 .8 3. 9 4. 2 5 .9 7. 1 5 .8 3. 7 4 .4 6. 1 7. 4 6 .0 6. 1. 2. 1. 1. 16. 9. 9. 8. 3. 3 1 8 5 0 4. 2. 2. 1. . 6 5 0 6 9 4. 2. 1. 1. . 2 3 9 5 8 13. 3 8. 6 4. 8 3 .7 2. 2 9 .8 6 .5 5. 0 3 .9 2. 1 9 .8 6 .4 4 .8 3. 6 1 .9 1 0 .4 9. 2 9. 5 9. 2 5. 3 12. 8 8. 7 7. 6 5. 5 4 .8 11. 0 6. 1 9 .4 6. 7 3. 2 2 1 8 3 9 8. 3. 4. 2. 2. 2 6 8 3 0 1. 3 .5 .4 .2 .2 1. 2 .4 .4 . 2 . 2 4. 0 1 .4 1. 1 .8 .4 3. 2 1 .7 1 .4 .8 .7 2 .9 1 .5 1 .4 .7 .6 8. 4. 2. 1. 1. 9 3 0 9 8 5. 3 3 .4 2 .4 2 .4 1. 1 5. 3. 2. 2. 1. 2 1 1 2 1 8. 8. 8. 5. 2. 8 0 3 5 2 7 2 6 5 2 3. . 1. 1. . 6 8 3 0 3 . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 1 1 1 1 .4 . 1 .2 . 1 (2 ) 1. 0 .7 .7 ..4 .3 1. 0 .7 .7 .4 .3 2. . . . . 0 9 6 6 1 2. . 1. . . 2. . 1. . . 0 7 5. 1. 2. . . 5 5 1 8 3 .9 . 2 . 2 . 6 . 9 4 1 1 1 1 12. 8. 7. 5. 4. 7 5 7 6 7 2 9 8 7 2 1 9 0 7 7 9 7 2 1. 5 1. 8 .7 .6 .4 9 0 7 8 0 $ 3. 00 and o v e r --------------------- 1. 7 1 .7 2. 0 2. 1 2. 1 2. 4 . 3 . 3 1. 0 2. 2 2. 2 2 .4 3. 9 4. 0 2. 1 T o t a l ------------------------------ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -------------- 3 9 7 ,7 1 5 3 7 9 ,2 0 7 1 8 ,5 0 8 97, 395 9 2 ,2 9 3 5, 102 1 4 2 ,3 5 8 1 3 7 ,0 6 2 5, 296 1 0 7 ,1 2 7 1 0 1 ,7 3 2 5 ,3 9 5 5 0 ,8 3 5 4 8 ,1 2 0 2 ,7 1 5 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 — $ 1. 44 $ 1. 43 $ 1 .7 1 $ 1. 62 $ 1. 61 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 15 $ 1. 14 $ 1 .4 8 $ 1 . 52 $ 1 . 51 $ 1 . 73 $ 1 . 74 $ 1 .7 3 $ 1 . 91 1 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not eq u a l 100. (0 Table 3. Earnings Distribution: All Areas— Women O ( P e r c e n t d is t r ib u t io n o f w om en n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t ro u te m e n , in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1 U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , m id - 1966) U n ited S ta tes A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 T ota l In s id e p la n t w ork ers U n d e r $ 0 . 7 5 --------------------------- 4 .4 4. 6 $ 0. 75 $ 0 .8 0 $ 0 . 85 $ 0. 90 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and under under under under under $ 0. 8 0 -------$ 0 . 8 5 -------$ 0 . 9 0 -------$ 0. 9 5 -------$ 1 . 0 0 -------- 2. 2 2. 6 2. 6 2. 2. 2. 2. $ 1. 00 $ 1. 05 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1.2 0 $ 1 .2 5 8. 6 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and unde r unde r under under under $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 and and and and and under unde r under under under $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2.00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 . 50 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2. 90 and and and and and under under under under under ------------------------------------ 1 . 3 0 -------1 . 3 5 _____ 1 . 4 0 -------1 . 4 5 -------1 . 5 0 -------- N o r th e a s t O ffic e w ork ers 0. 5 In sid e plant w ork ers T o ta l (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 11. 5 _ _ 0. 1 . 1 _ 0. 1 5. 6. 6. 5. 4. 2. 3 1. 0 . 2 .2 .6 1. 0 16. 4. 5. 3. 2. .2 .5 .3 .4 .2 0. 1 2. 6 1. 1 2. 6 2. 2 .6 2. 0 1 .4 1 .5 1. 5 6 9. 0 2. 8 4 .4 3. 2 2. 7 10. 0 10. 1 9 .0 4 .4 4. 8 3. 0 2. 5 13. 2 11. 2 14. 8 9 .2 5 .4 13. 11. 15. 9. 5. 1 2 .9 7. 3 4 .9 3. 5 12. 6 2. 4 1. 8 2. 4. 3. 2. 0 5 6 1.8 - . 1 . 6 2. 1 1. 6 1. 2 1.2 9 7. 1 7 .6 5. 9 3. 9 8. 8 8. 5 5. 3 3. 7 2. 8 1 .7 5. 3. 2. 1. 6 13. 5 8. 6 8. 2 7 .4 3 .4 $ 2 . 1 0 -------$ 2 . 2 0 -------$ 2 . 3 0 -------$ 2. 4 0 -------$ 2 . 5 0 -------- 2. 0 1. 0 .8 .6 1 .7 .8 .7 .5 . 2 7. 1 3. 8 3. 3 2. 1 1 .4 2. 8 1.0 1. 1 $ 2 . 6 0 -------$ 2 . 7 0 -------$ 2 . 8 0 -------$ 2 . 9 0 -------$ 3. 0 0 _____ . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 .6 . . . . . —— -------------------------- 7. 7. 5. 3. 7 3 1 3 7 7 8 . 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 5 3 2 2 1 1 7 7 6 7 6 6. 8 4. 4. 2. 2. 2 4 3 4 3 2 5 8 2 4 1 1 .9 5 .4 6. 6 6 .6 5. 5 4. 4 16. 4. 5. 3. 2. 7 7 8 2 4 8 4 4 .7 .3 7 2 2 2 8 1. 3 .9 .6 3. 1 1 .4 1. 1 .8 .5 7. 3. 4. 2. 2. 7 . . . . . 2 2 1 1 .6 . 2 . 2 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 (2 ) 5 8 .9 .6 .6 .6 3. 6 1 .7 5. 4 2. 9 3. 1 6. 2. 5. 4. 4. 13. 8. 4. 3. 2. 3. 6 2 5 1 7 1 7 . . . . 0. 7 . . . 1. . 1 .9 1.6 2. 4 .8 .9 .6 .2 1.8 0. 7 14. 6. 6. 3. 4. 3. 0 3. 1 1.8 1 6 7 3 2 7 T ota l . 3 1 .4 .6 1 .4 9. 1 3. 2 3. 3 1 .7 2. 0 5 In sid e p la n t w ork ers 1.8 8. 8 17. 8. 10. 8. 3. 7. 4. 3. 1. O ffic e w ork ers 3 6 2 7 1 7 8 7 8 2 5 6 5 3 1.6 2 6.4 2. 8 7 1 (2 ) (2) 0. 1 _ 0. 1 " 3. . 3. 1. 1. 1 1 .4 . 3 . 3 .4 . . . . 5 4 3 5 5 9 2 3 3. 2 1. 2 2. 2 2. 0 4 1. 6 1. 9 .5 1 .6 0 .9 3. 1. 2. 2. . 9 .4 6. 9 4 .4 4 .9 7. 0 8. 2 6. 7 4. 5. 7. 8. 7. 2 2 3 7 1 7. 0 1. 0 2 .9 1 .9 1. 0 14. 2 9. 2 7. 8 5. 8 5 .4 1 4 .4 9 .4 7. 8 5. 7 5. 5 4. 3. 2. 2. 4. 0 2. 7 1. 5 1 .7 .5 8 .6 7. 8 8. 3 5. 6 2. 2 . . . . . 5. 6 1. 5 4. 4. 3. 1. 9. 7 11. 0 1.6 . . . . . (? ) ( ) (2 ) 0. 1 1 1 .7 9 .8 7. 6 7. 6 4. 0 2. 0 1. 1 .8 (? ) (2 ) 5 3 5 1 1 .4 9. 5 7 .4 7. 3 3. 8 9 .8 6. 6 4. 2 3. 3 .5 .5 5 3 3 6. 5 3. 9 2. 9 1 .4 1 .5 .9 .7 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 . 1 .2 O ffic e w ork ers (2 ) 9 8 T o ta l In sid e p la n t w ork ers 0. . . . . 5. 2 5. 1 5. 2 4. 0 1. 3 .8 .7 .4 1. 0 . 1 . 2 . 1 .4 O ffic e w ork ers 9. 9. 9. 4. 0 3 4 9 5 3 8 7 8. 9 4 .4 2. 1 1.6 1. 3 2. 0 3 0 0 0 .6 1. 0 .6 1. 0 .2 . 2 4 2 7 5 9 11.6 6 .4 8. 9 6. 8 3. 3 1 (2 ) 3. 3 . 5 .7 .9 .4 (2 ) (2 ) 1. 3 .7 .6 1. 6 . 1 . 1 .8 .6 .6 1. 5 . 3 1. 6 10 0 . 0 100 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 .7 .6 .2 3 2 1 2 (2 ) (2 ) 2 2 .7 .5 . 6 . 1 .4 1 2 1.8 .8 .2 $ 3 . 0 0 and o v e r --------------------- .4 T o t a l ------------------------------ 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 10 0 . 0 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s --------------- 3 0 9 ,6 2 4 2 9 2 ,1 4 5 1 7 ,4 7 9 6 9 ,4 4 7 6 4 ,6 2 9 4 ,8 1 8 1 1 4 ,6 2 8 1 0 9 ,5 9 2 5, 036 8 6 ,2 8 7 8 1, 255 5, 032 3 9 ,2 6 2 3 6 ,6 6 9 2, 593 $ 1. 33 $ 1 . 31 $ 1.68 $ 1 . 50 $ 1 .4 8 $ 1. 77 $ 1 .0 8 $ 1 . 06 $ 1 . 47 $ 1 .4 2 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 . 61 $ 1 .5 9 $ 1 . 89 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 — 1 2 .4 In sid e p la n t w ork ers T o ta l W est N orth C e n tr a l South O ffic e w o rk e rs E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not eq u al 100.. Table 4. Earnings Distribution: All Areas— Men (P e r c e n t d is tr ib u tio n o f m en n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t r o u t e m e n , in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , m id -1 9 6 6 ) U nited Sta tes A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 U n d e r $ 0 . 7 5 ------------- ------------- In sid e pla n t w ork ers T ota l 0. 8 N orth east O ffic e w ork ers 0. 8 0. 5 7 4 6 6 4 .7 .4 .6 .6 .4 .5 4. 0 . 8 2. 1 1 .4 1 .6 $ 1. 3 0 -------$ 1 . 3 5 -------$ 1 . 4 0 -------$ 1 . 4 5 -------$ 1 . 5 0 -------- 7. 3. 5. 4. 3. under under under under under $ 1 . 6 0 -------$ 1 . 7 0 -------$ 1 . 8 0 -------$ 1. 9 0 -------$ 2. 0 0 -------- and and and and and under under unde r under under $ $ $ $ $ $ 2 .5 0 $ 2. 60 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2. 90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 . 6 0 -------$ 2 . 7 0 -------$ 2 . 8 0 -------$ 2 . 9 0 -------$ 3. 0 0 --------- 3. 5 2. 0 1 .9 1. 1 .6 3. 2. 1. 1. . $ 3. 00 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3. 20 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 3 . 1 0 -------$ 3 . 2 0 -------$ 3 . 3 0 -------$ 3. 4 0 -------$ 3 . 5 0 -------- 1. 1. . . . 1. 1. . . . $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 .8 0 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 . 90 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and under under unde r under under $ 0 . 8 0 -------$ 0 . 8 5 -------$ 0 . 9 0 -------$ 0 . 9 5 -------$ 1. 0 0 -------- $ 1. 00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 and and and and and under under under unde r under $ $ $ $ $ $ 1. 25 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and under under unde r unde r under $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 and and and and and $ 2. 00 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2. 20 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2. 40 1. 0 5 -------1 . 1 0 -------1 . 1 5 -------1 . 2 0 -------1. 2 5 -------- 2 . 1 0 -------2 . 2 0 -------2 . 3 0 -------2 . 4 0 -------2 . 5 0 -------- T ota l In sid e plant w ork ers South O ffic e wo rk ers T o ta l N orth C e n tr a l In sid e p la n t w ork ers O ffic e w ork ers In sid e p la n t w ork ers T o ta l W e st O ffic e w ork ers T o ta l In sid e p la n t w ork ers O ffic e w ork ers - - 2. 4 2. 4 1 .9 0. 2 0. 2 - _ _ _ 2 1 7 7 1 2. 1. 1. 1. 1. 2 1 7 7 1 . . . . . ( 2) 0. 2 . 1 .2 (2 ) 0. 2 . 1 .2 - . . . . . _ _ _ " 2. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1 .9 (2) (2 ) ( 2) (2) _ - (2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) (2) _ 3. 9 .8 2. 1 1 .4 1. 6 5. 6 .7 1 .3 ' 1 .2 . 1 .4 .6 . 2 1. 2 . 1 .4 .6 .2 _ _ _ 0. 4 - 8. 1. 4. 2. 3. 2 9 7 8 9 8. 0 1 .9 4. 8 2. 8 3. 9 22. 3 _ _ 3. 5 - 3. 0 .7 1 .5 1 .0 1 .4 3. 0 .8 1. 5 1. 0 1 .4 2 .4 ( 2) .7 .5 . 1 2. 5 (2 ) .7 . 5 . 1 5 0 0 0 2 7. 3. 5. 4. 3. 6. 1. . . . 5. 2 3 .4 6. 0 5. 2 3. 6 5. 3 3 .4 6. 0 5. 2 3. 6 _ 13. 3. 6. 4. 3. 0 3 1 2 9 0 3 1 2 9 11. 2 1 .9 .4 _ 6. 2. 3. 2. 1. 2 8 6 8 9 8. . 1. . 5 8 1 6 2. 1. 2. 3. 2. 2 8 3 2 7 2. 2 1. 8 2 .4 3. 2 2 .7 9. 6. 6. 5. 3. 3 2 6 7 1 9 .4 6. 1 6. 6 5. 8 3. 0 3. 2 7. 7 9. 3 2. 2 5 .9 10. 3 6. 1 8 .4 6. 5 4. 0 2. 5. 13. 1. 13. 2 2 2 1 8 7. 6. 7. 4. 2. 6 3 0 8 5 7. 6 6 .4 6. 9 4. 8 2. 5 18. 9 4. 9 .8 6. 3. 3. 2. 1. 9 7 1 2 9 6. 9 3. 7 3. 1 2. 2 1 .9 8. 3. 1. 5. 8. 8 0 1 8 8 8. 4. 3. 3. 2. 9 7 9 9 9 8. 4. 3. 3. 3. 13. 10. 9. 3. . . . . . . 0 2 4 8 7 5 0 0 1 2 - - 3 3 7 2 1 - 13. 3. 6. 4. 3. _ _ 1 1 1 1 2 1 - 6. 2 2. 8 3. 6 2 .7 1 .9 0 6 8 0 6 10. 1 6. 5 6 .8 7. 0 3. 6 2. 15. 2. 3. 1. 5 8 1 2 8 8. 8 5. 8 4. 8 4 .4 1 .9 8. 8 5. 8 4. 8 4. 4 1 .9 6 .9 5 .8 7. 3 1. 5 1 .9 10. 1 6. 0 8. 5 6 .4 4 .2 1 0 .4 3. 8 5. 3 3. 7 3 .4 8 .4 5. 2 3. 9 2. 9 2. 6 8 .4 5. 2 3. 9 2. 9 2. 6 16. 2. 7. 2. - 5 8 0 5 3. 6 1 .4 1 .4 .9 .9 3. 6 1. 4 1. 3 .9 .9 4. 2. 7. 2. . 5 0 9 1 6 5. 6 2. 6 4. 8 1 .6 .7 4. 5 3 .4 1 .7 1. 2 .5 4. 5 3 .4 1 .6 1. 2 .5 7. 4. 11. 2. - 7 6 3 8 1. 6 . 3 .6 . 3 .5 1. . . . . 0 2 4 8 7 2. 5 2 .9 . 3 .8 .4 1. 0 1 .5 .3 1. 1 .2 .9 1 .5 .3 1. 1 . 2 . 3 .2 . 1 (2) (2) 10. 6. 6. 7. 3. 1. 8 .7 _ .4 5. 3 6. 7 .4 .4 1 1 1 2 1 _ _ 0. 8 .8 6 7 3 3 8 8. 3 4. 1 4. 0 2. 1 1 .6 .8. 4. 4. 2. 1. 5 3 6 3 5 10. 0 _ .8 - 3. 2 2. 3 2. 5 1 .4 .9 3. 2 2. 3 2. 5 1 .4 .9 1. 7 3. 9 1. 1 1 .4 1. 1 6. 2 2. 0 4 .4 2. 5 .4 6. 2 2. 0 4 .4 2. 5 .4 . 3 . 1 . 1 (2) (2 ) 1 .9 .4 .4 1 .2 1 .2 1 .6 2. 1 .5 . 9 .9 1. 6 2. 1 .5 .9 .9 1 .4 1. 1 . 3 . 6 . 3 1. 1. . 1. 2. 2. 0 1. 2 .9 1. 8 2 .7 _ 3 2 1 0 5 9 3 9 8 7 9 7 9 9 0 _ 3. 3 4. 1 _ 1 7 8 3 8 3. 3 9. 0 2. 5 2. 5 .8 4. 9 1. 6 2. 1 2. 1 5 .7 1. 5 1 .4 3. 5 . 2 . 2 _ 2 .9 2 .7 1 1 .6 6 .9 6 .9 5 .7 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 10 0 . c 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s --------------- 8 8 ,0 9 1 8 7 ,0 6 2 1, 029 2 7 ,9 4 8 2 7 ,6 6 4 284 2 7 ,7 3 0 2 7 ,4 7 0 260 2 0 ,8 4 0 2 0 ,4 7 7 363 1 1 ,5 7 3 1 1 ,4 5 1 122 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 — $ 1. 81 $ 1. 81 $ 2 . 13 $ 1 .9 2 $ 1 .9 1 $ 2 . 31 $ 1. 45 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 67 $ 1 . 93 $ 1 .9 3 $ 2 . 19 $ 2 . 19 $ 2 . 19 $ 2 .5 0 $ 3 . 5 0 and o v e r —-------------------T o t a l ___________________ 1 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not eq u a l 100. 10 Table 5. Earnings Distribution: Metropolitan Areas ( P e r c e n t d is t r ib u t io n o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t ro u te m e n , in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1 U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , m id - 1966) U n d e r $ 0 . 75 - T otal O ffic e w ork ers T o ta l In side plant w ork ers O ffi c e w ork ers 2. 2 0. 2 0. 2 (2) (2 ) (2) (2 ) 0. 1 .4 1. 0 .7 1. 5 . 2 .2 . 2 . 2 .7 .2 .2 .2 .2 .7 .2 (2) 0. 1 . 1 0. . . . . 1 2 2 2 3 0. 1 .2 .2 .3 .4 _ 0. 1 . 5 . 3 (2) .6 .9 12. 2 3 .9 5. 8 3 .4 3. 0 12. 5 4 .0 5 .9 3 .4 3. 0 4. 2 1. 1 5. 1 2 .4 3. 1 4. 7 2 .4 3 .8 3. 7 3 .9 4 .9 2. 5 4. 0 3 .9 4. 1 1 .4 . 5 1. 2 .8 .8 2. 7 .7 1. 7 1. 7 .8 2. 7 .7 1. 8 1. 7 .8 1 .6 .4 . 5 . 3 2 6 6 3 3 10. 8 3. 7 4 .4 2. 5 2. 6 10. 8 3. 7 4. 3 2 .4 2. 6 11. 6 3. 5 6 .6 3 .7 2. 5 9. 1 8 .7 7. 0 6 .9 3. 7 9 .2 9 .0 7. 1 7. 1 3 .8 6 .8 3. 0 4. 3 3. 0 1 .8 3 .4 4. 1 5. 6 6 .6 6. 1 3. 2 4. 3 5 .8 6. 8 6 .4 7. 1. 2. 2. 1. 14. 6 8 .9 10. 4 8. 8 3. 0 5 .4 3. 0 2. 3 1. 9 1. 0 5. 0 2 .8 2. 1 1 .8 1 .0 15. 5 9. 1 5. 9 4 .4 2 .4 10. 8 7. 2 5 .6 4. 1 2 .4 1 0 .8 7. 0 5 .4 3 .8 2 .2 13. 5 8. 8 7. 7 5 .6 5. 1 10. 2 5. 6 9 .4 6. 6 2 .9 2 7 8 5 2 1. . . . . 5 6 6 3 3 1 .4 .5 .5 .3 .3 5. 0 1. 7 1 .4 1. 0 .5 3. 2 1. 8 1. 6 .9 .8 2 .9 1 .6 1 .6 .8 .7 9 .5 4 .4 2 .4 2. 2 2. 2 5 .4 3. 3 2. 6 2 .4 1. 2 5. 3. 2. 2. 1. 2 1 3 2 1 9. 5 8. 1 8. 5 5 .9 2. 5 4. 0 . 8 1 .4 1. 1 .4 . . . . . 5 1 2 1 1 .4 . 1 .2 . 1 . 1 1. 5 .2 .3 . 1 (2) 1. 1 .8 .8 .5 .4 1. 1 .8 .8 .5 .4 2. 1 1. 1 .7 .8 .2 2. 4 1. 0 1 .9 .8 . 3 2. 2 .9 1 .9 .8 .3 6. 0 1. 3 2. 4 1 .0 .3 . 1 .3 .2 .4 . 1 ( 2) (2) 0. 1 (2 ) . 1 ( 2) (2) 0. 1 (2) . 1 $ 1. 00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and under unde r u nd e r u nd e r under $ 1. 0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1. 2 5 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ 5. 2. 3. 2. 2. 9 1 5 7 4 6. 2. 3. 2. 2. 1 .9 .5 1 .7 1. 1 1 .3 1 .2 .4 1 .5 1. 3 .9 1 .3 .4 1 .5 . 1. 3 .9 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and u nd e r under under under under $ $ $ $ $ ------------------------------------ 8. 6. 7. 5. 4. 9 5 5 8 1 8 6. 7. 6. 4. 7 7 0 2 8. 0 3. 3 4. 7 2 .8 2. 0 9. 3 8. 8 1 2 .9 8. 3 5. 2 9. 5 9. 1 1 3 .4 8. 6 5. 3 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 and and and and and tin d er under under under under $ 1. 6 0 -------$ 1 . 7 0 -------$ 1 .8 0 — — $ 1 .9 0 ------$ 2 . 0 0 -------- 9 .7 6. 1 4. 8 3. 8 2. 3 9. 6. 4. 3. 2. 6 0 6 6 3 13. 1 9 .0 9. 0 7. 7 3 .7 11. 8 7. 3 5. 5 4. 7 2 .4 1 1 .6 7 .2 5. 2 4. 5 2 .4 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 .4 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 . 1 0 -------$ 2 . 2 0 -------$ 2 . 3 0 -------$ 2 . 4 0 -------$ 2 . 5 0 -------- 3. 1. 1. 1. . 3 7 5 1 8 3. 1 1. 6 1 .4 1. 0 .7 8. 0 4. 1 3 .8 2. 6 1 .8 4 .4 2. 3 2. 1 1 .5 1. 1 4. 2 2. 2 1 .9 1 .4 1 .0 8. 3. 4. 2. 2. $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 and and and and and under under under under under $2. 6 0 $2. 70 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2. 9 0 $3. 0 0 1. 3 .7 .7 .4 . 2 1. 2 .7 .7 .4 .2 3. 1 .8 1 .0 .8 .2 1 .9 1. 2 .7 .6 .2 1 .8 1. 3 .6 .6 .2 ------------------------------------ .9 O ffic e w ork ers 3. 1 5. 0 5. 6 4 .8 4. 2 1. 1 1. 7 1 .9 1 .8 1. 5 0 5 0 5 0 T ota l In sid e p la n t w ork ers 7. 5 1. 0 1 .6 1. 8 1 .7 1 .4 1 .3 1 .3 1 .4 1 .4 1 .5 W est O ffi c e w ork ers 3. 0 4 .9 5 .4 4 .7 4. 0 0. 6 $ 0 . 80 —i — $ 0 . 8 5 _____ $ 0 . 9 0 -------$ 0 . 9 5 -------$ 1. 0 0 -------- 1 2 6 7 4 T ota l In sid e p la n t w ork ers 7. 3 2. 5 under under under under under (2) N o r th C e n tr a l O ffi c e w ork ers _ 2 .4 and and and and and ( 2) T ota l In sid e p la n t w ork ers (2) - 75 80 85 90 95 $0. $0. $0. $0. $0. ____________ I n s id e p la n t w ork ers South N o r th e a s t U n ited S ta tes A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 - 6. 4. 4. 2. 2. 10. 10. 10. 10. 6. 8 7 3 0 2 13. 8. 7. 5. 5. 3 6 8 6 0 7 1 8 1 1 $ 3. 00 and o v e r --------------------- 2. 0 2. 0 2 .2 2. 3 2. 3 2. 7 .4 .3 1. 1 2. 5 2 .4 2. 8 4. 0 4. 1 2. 2 T o t a l ____________________ 100. 0 100. 0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s --------------- 3 2 2 ,3 8 0 3 0 6 ,8 2 1 1 5 ,5 5 9 8 6 ,2 6 8 8 1 ,6 4 3 4 ,6 2 5 1 0 2 ,3 6 4 9 8 ,3 5 0 4 , 014 8 8 ,0 5 0 8 3 ,5 2 0 4 ,5 3 0 4 5 ,6 9 8 4 3 ,3 0 8 2, 390 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 48 $ 1 . 75 $ 1 .6 4 $ 1. 63 $ 1. 82 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 . 19 $ 1. 51 $ 1 . 56 $ 1 . 54 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1. 76 $ 1. 75 $ 1 .9 3 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 — 1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . 2 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not eq u a l 100. Table 6. Earnings Distribution: Nonmetropolitan Areas (P e r c e n t d is t r ib u t io n o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s , e x c e p t ro u te m e n , in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1 U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , m id —1966) U n ited Sta tes A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 U n d e r $ 0. 7 5 In sid e pla n t w ork ers T ota l N o r th e a s t O ffic e w ork ers In sid e p la n t w ork ers T ota l South O ffic e w ork ers In sid e p la n t w ork ers T o ta l N o r th C e n tr a l O ffic e w ork ers T o ta l In sid e p la n t w ork ers W e st O ffi c e w ork ers 8. 9 9. 2 0. 2 - - - 15. 6 16. 1 0 .4 2 .4 2. 5 - 4 1 5 5 6 5. 5 4. 2 3. 6 3. 6 1 .6 1. 1 1 .6 .9 . 3 . 7 _ _ _ - - - 8. 6 6. 6 5 .4 4. 6 2. 7 8. 6. 5. 4. 2. 9 7 6 7 7 .4 2 .4 7 1 .7 3. 1 1 .7 1 .9 3 .8 .6 3. 1 1. 6 1 .8 4. 0 .6 3. 0 1 .7 3. 0 — -— 5. 4. 3. 3. 1. 1. 0 5 ---------$ 1 . 1 0 ---------$ 1 . 1 5 ---------$ 1 . 2 0 ---------$ 1 . 2 5 ---------- 15. 3. 5. 3. 2. 0 2 0 0 6 15. 3. 4. 3. 2. 3 2 9 0 6 7 .4 3. 8 6. 6 3. 1 1 .8 20. 8 4. 4 5. 0 2. 4 1 .9 21. 3 4 .4 5. 0 2 .4 1 .9 5 .8 3. 3 5. 3 4 .4 2 .4 9 .8 2. 1 7. 1 5 .8 5 .9 9 .6 2. 0 6. 8 5 .9 6. 1 under under under unde r under $ 1 . 3 0 ---------$ 1. 3 5 ---------$ 1 . 4 0 ---------$ 1 . 4 5 ---------$ 1 . 5 0 ---------- 12. 4. 4. 3. 2. 0 4 2 5 2 12. 4. 4. 3. 2. 0 2 2 5 1 1 3 .5 9. 2 3. 5 2. 8 4. 3 23. 10. 7. 6. 2. 6 1 5 1 7 2 4. 10. 7. 6. 2. 3 5 7 2 7 8. 1. 4. 2. 2. 8 7 2 5 3 7 .4 1. 9 2. 3 1. 3 1 .8 6. 1. 2. 1. 1. 9 4 2 3 6 22. 1 15. 2 3. 7 2 .9 8. 1 16. 2 6. 0 5. 0 4. 2 2 .6 16. 5 5 .9 5. 1 4. 2 2 .6 and and and and and under unde r under under under $ 1 . 6 0 ---------$ 1 . 7 0 ---------$ 1 . 8 0 ---------$ 1 . 9 0 ---------$ 2. 0 0 ---------- 5. 2. 2. 2. 2 8 4 0 8 5. 0 2. 7 2. 3 1 .9 . 7 12. 5 6. 5 4. 0 3 .9 2. 3 14. 5. 5. 3. 1. 7 3 1 1 5 13. 9 5. 1 5. 1 3. 0 1 .4 32. 11. 4. 5. 3. 5 5 2 7 8 2. 4 1. 2 1. 2 . 9 . 4 2. 2 1. 0 1. 2 . 9 . 4 6. 5 7. 0 1 .4 1. 5 1 .7 5. 2 3. 3 2. 2 2 .8 . 6 5. 1 3 .4 2. 1 2. 7 . 5 8. 1. 5. 5. 1. $ 2 . 00 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 . 1 0 ---------$ 2 . 2 0 ---------$ 2 . 3 0 ---------$ 2. 4 0 ---------$ 2 . 5 0 ---------- 2. 1 . 9 .4 . 3 . 1 2. 0 . 8 . 3 . 3 . 1 3 .7 2 .4 1 .5 . 4 4. 6 1 .5 4 .4 1 .5 . 6 . 2 . 1 6 2 1 .6 . 2 . 1 .9 .4 3. 0 1. 3 .6 . 5 . 2 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 and and and and and under under under under under $2. 6 $ 2 .7 $ 2 .8 $ 2 .9 $ 3 .0 ---------------------------------------------- 3 2 1 (2 ) . 2 . 2 . 1 1 .0 . 3 $ 3. 00 and o v e r ----------------------- .6 -------- ---------------------- $ 0 .7 5 $ 0. 80 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 . 90 $ 0 .9 5 and and and and and under $ 0 . 8 0 under $ 0 . 8 5 u n d e r $ 0. 9 0 under $ 0 . 9 5 unde r $ 1 . 0 0 $ 1. 00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and under unde r unde r unde r under $ $ 1 .2 5 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 0 0 0 0 0 ------------------------------------- . . . . (2) (2) (2) . 6 - - - - 7. 3 . 8 2. 0 . 7 . 7 7 .4 .9 1 .9 . 8 . 7 5. 2 . 8 . 2 . 1 . - .4 5 .6 . 1 . 1 . “ .4 _ - 2. 3 - .8 7. 8 2. 1 4. 6 . . . - (2) (2) (2 ) (2> _ . _ _ ( 2) (2) (2) (2 ) (2 ) (2) - 5 6 1 1 . . . - (2 ) M .4 _ 1 . 1 (2) ,(2 ) . _ _ - 1 .2 .4 2 _ _ _ . .6 1. 2 O ffic e w ork ers 0. 2 0. 2 - 2. 2 1. 3 .7 . 2 _ - 2. 1 1. 2 .6 . 2 1 3 .4 2. 5 12. 6 3 .6 1 .7 6. 5 3. 3 3. 8 1. 3 .2 6 .9 2. 5 3 .9 1. 3 . 2 1. 2 15. 1 2. 5 1. 2 .9 8. 2 8. 0 3 .4 4. 0 1. 5 7 .8 5. 3 8 .6 1 1 .6 2 .4 8. 3 5 .6 9 .0 1 2 .4 2. 5 2. 2 6 5 8 0 0 7. 3 8. 0 6 .4 4. 8 2. 5 6 .6 7. 8 6. 2 4. 7 2. 3 17. 10. 9. 7. 5. 5 2 5 7 5 2 .9 1. 1 .7 .5 .2 5 .9 3 .9 4. 8 3. 8 .8 2. 5 .4 4 .9 3 .6 .4 2. 5 .4 3. 7. 7. 2. 1 1 1 8 .4 1. 3 . 3 . 3 . 1 _ _ „ . 3 - _ _ - .9 _ - 1 .2 . 5 .4 . 2 . . - - . 3 . 1 T ota l In sid e p la n t w ork ers - - - . 2. 5 2. 6 1. 2 100. 0 .4 2 2 1. 2 3. 1 _ T o t a l ------------------------------ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s --------------- 75', 335 7 2 ,3 8 6 2 ,9 4 9 11, 127 10, 650 477 3 9 ,9 9 4 3 8 ,7 1 2 1, 282 1 9 ,0 7 7 1 8 ,2 1 2 865 5, 137 4 ,8 1 2 325 A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 — $ 1. 20 $ 1 . 19 $ 1 .4 7 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 . 59 $ 1. 02 $ 1 . 00 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 . 33 $ 1 . 32 $ 1 . 37 $ 1 . 56 $ 1 . 54 $ 1 . 80 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts . L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not eq u a l 100. Table 7. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Akron, Ohio1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— Num A v e rber age $1. 00 $ 1 .0 5 $1. 10 W 7 1 T $1. 20 $1. 25" $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ T 74F $ T 7 5 7 $1. 6o ■$1770 -$ I 7 W $1. 90 •$2707 $ 2 7 1 7 $2. 20 -$ 2 71 7 $2. 40 ■$2750 $2. 60 h o u r ly of U n der and w ork ea rn $1. 00 und er ers in g s 2 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 1, 648 1, 322 326 $1. 44 1. 40 1. 63 41 36 5 184 146 38 33 32 1 77 76 1 34 32 2 27 23 4 162 83 79 82 72 10 146 145 97 1. 17 1. 17 1. 19 20 3 20 11 22 22 15 8 8 3 32 32 22 8 7 1 6 6 4 6 6 6 5 5 5 6 3 1 1 7 7 7 85 81 4 no ~ 226 220 6 20 20 18 7 7 5 1 1 “ 12 3 9 9 1 8 10 6 4 17 17 9 3 6 2 2 17 - - - - - - - - 2 1 - 70 68 66 . _ - - - - - 1 1 - 1 - " 3 2 - _ - 5 5 2 2 1 1 1 1 _ - - _ _ “ 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 _ . _ ! _ “ : 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 55 50 5 20 11 9 90 74 16 - - 57 30 29 4 3 2 1 1 104 95 9 88 41 47 9 9 7 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 5 4 4 10 10 137 and over 1 .9 9 - 127 127 $2777 27 - 17 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------M a r k e r s ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e --------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (2 w o m e n and 5 m e n ) -----------T i m e ------------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll m e n ) ----------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ( a ll w o m e n )------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------------- 12 1. 18 168 124 115 1. 8 4 1. 86 1. 84 107 61 1. 45 1. 53 43 24 1. 98 1. 96 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 68 1. 62 11 10 4 1. 44 7 6 1 _ 1. 47 1. 61 6 _ . 28 24 1. 39 1. 41 - _ - - - - 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 5 " 7 4 5 5 2 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 “ - 2 2 6 6 37 2 3 3 15 15 2 1 8 4 - 17 3 1 1 2 2 4 4 - - 1 - - 2 2 - • - 1 1 - - 4 4 ; ; ; ■ ■ ■ 3 3 2 ■ 1 1 2 " ; 2 2 - " 1 2 2 _ _ 4 1 1 T h e A k r o n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f P o r t a g e and S u m m it C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts , a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 12 a t $ 0 . 9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 and 8 at $ 0 . 9 5 to $ 1 . 1 1 1 1 4 4 12 12 ■ - : 2 1 - : 2 2 2 2 A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on Table 8. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Albany—Schenectady—Troy, N.Y.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — June 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g i t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g ;s o f— s O c c u p a t io n an d s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n -------------------------------------- N u m ber of w ork ers A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s $1. 25 $1. 30 and und er $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 SI. 80 S I. 90 S2. 00 S2. 10 S2. 20 S2. 30 S2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90' $3. 00 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 - 12 _ 12 and over 1 ,5 3 9 1 ,1 1 2 427 $1. 56 1. 45 1. 84 413 407 6 212 197 15 139 113 26 73 69 4 110 73 37 109 61 48 124 55 69 94 35 59 34 14 20 60 28 32 40 25 15 35 11 24 9 1 8 6 _ 6 4 2 2 32 _ 32 _ - 6 _ 6 48 43 1. 39 1. 36 - 20 20 13 12 7 7 3 3 2 1 - 1 - _ 2 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 1. 81 - - - - - - 5 30 - 1 - - - - - 5 - - - - - _ 27 21 6 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (43 w o m e n an d 5 m e n ) ___________________ T im e ________________________ D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ E x tra cto r o p e ra to rs, pow er la u n d r y (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ) _______ T im e ________________________ I d e n t i f ie r s _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n _______________ __________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , ha n d, d r y c l e a n in g (29 w o m e n and 37 me n ) 3 _ . _ ....... P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g (4 7 w o m e n and 66 m e n ) ______________________ T im e ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (1 3 0 w o m e n an d 5 m e n ) T im e __________ ______ _______ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (7 9 w o m e n a n d 2 m e n ) _____ T im e ____ ____________ ___ I n c e n t iv e ____________________ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (8 w o m e n an d 5 m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (4 w o m e n and 6 m e n )3 ______________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) __ 2 - - - 14 7 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - 25 12 9 8 8 1 1 5 4 22 16 16 6 6 14 14 4 2 2 2 17 11 11 4 7 3 4 11 1 10 6 1 1 1 3 3 - - - _ _ - - _ _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 5 - - - - _ 2 - - 12 5 _ - - 22 - - - - 4 20 1. 82 1. 71 - 1 1 - 5 4 2 1 3 2 52 26 5 5 1 - 24 - 2 2 8 2 - 4 4 2 - _ - - - _ 4 - 135 54 1. 63 1. 74 - 16 11 - 14 8 28 - 13 - 19 - 6 - - 24 24 11 11 4 - - - _ _ - - _ - - . . 79 54 25 1 .4 9 1. 34 1. 83 5 4 1 31 28 3 14 14 - 8 6 2 2 2 - 6 6 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 - - - - - - - . - - - - - 2 2 13 1. 78 - - - - 1 4 2 1 - - - 5 - - - - - - - - 10 1. 55 4 - 2 - 1 - 1 - - _ - - - 2 _ - - - - - 17 2. 01 - - - - - - 6 3 1 1 - - 2 - - - . 4 - - _ 21 1. 64 2 4 3 " " " " 12 " “ ~ ' " _ " ~ ” - - 30 1. 60 202 174 62 35 24 27 19 1. 31 1. 30 1 .4 2 1. 39 1. 33 1 .4 6 1 .4 4 66 2. 72 113 47 137 133 1 1 - 1 T h e A lb a n y -S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A lb a n y , R e n s s e la e r , S a r a t o g a , and S c h e n e c ta d y C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r -fi ft h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e pa id on a tim e b a s i s . 3 I n s u ff ic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 5 at $3. 10 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 5 at $4 to $4. 10; 5 at $ 4 .2 0 to $ 4 .3 0 ; and 5 at $ 4 .5 0 to $ 4 .6 0 . Table 9. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N.J. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) NumO c c u p a t io n and s e x A ver- N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f $1. 00 of h o u r ly w ork - ea rn u n d er cl o in g s $1. 05 T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- 979 739 240 $ 1 . 41 1. 35 1. 6 0 $1. 05 $ 1 . 1 0 $ I 7 T ! r "$ 1 . 2 0 $ 1 . 2 5 - - - - “ $ 1 . 10 $ 1 . 15 $ 1 . 2 0 $ 1 . 2 5 $1. 30 $1. 35 $T 735 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 - $1. 30 " - $1. 40 $1. 45 $ 1. 50 68 36 67 50 13 167 37 45 23 36 67 33 17 13 144 23 36 1 2 2 " 9 9 3 1 4 3 2 " " - " 91 66 25 $1750 $1760 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $1. 90 $2. 00 - - $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 2 0 - $2. 00 50 107 105 48 51 13 18 36 14 99 8 72 27 21 36 15 5 8 11 7 5 5 6 6 5 19 18 2 4 3 3 2 1 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 2 0 1 1 4 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2. 6o $2. 70 $ 2 7 8 0 - $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 " and $2. 70 $2. 8 0 over 2 33 18 5 3 2 13 1 7 2 5 2 - 4 1 2 1 1 8 1 3 9 1 8 5 _ 2 5 7 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ----------------------------W o m e n ----------------- ---------------T im e -------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (46 w o m e n and 2 m en ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------E x tra ctor o p e ra to rs, pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ) 3 ---------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T im e ------------------------------------I d e n t ifie r s (1 4 w o m e n and 2 m en ) 3 --------------------------------M a r k e r s (3 2 w o m e n and 8 m en ) ------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g — W o m e n 3--------------------------------- 15 2 2 - 2 - 48 1. 22 5 12 5 - 1 5 7 7 - 2 1 2 1 9 1 .9 5 - - - - - - - - 1 - - - 2 - 1 3 - 1 - 1 - - - - 8 1. 7 0 2 - 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 111 1. 20 17 1 28 10 5 17 15 66 1. 13 17 - 28 7 2 6 16 1. 3 5 2 - - 1 - 3 40 1. 4 0 _ 1 _ _ 20 1. 36 4 4 - 1 - - - - - ' - - - 58 1. 88 _ _ - - 2 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 3 - - 3 2 1 2 - 1 1 2 1. 6 9 2. 37 1 1 _ 42 6 6 86 31 55 1. 29 1. 0 8 1. 4 0 6 6 18 18 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 51 1. 47 1. 2 4 4 3 _ . . _ _ _ _ 16 T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (1 6 w o m e n and 2 m e n ) --------T im e ------------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (4 w o m e n and 11 m e n ) --------------------------T im e ------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (7 w o m e n and 3 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------* 1. 39 1. 39 1. 33 16 P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a l l w o m e n ) ----------------------------T im e ------------------------------------In c e n tiv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) (a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------------- 71 60 31 18 8 " - ' " - " 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 2 _ " _ " * 2 1 - - - - - - 9 9 - 2 - 2 2 2 - 4 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 - 3 1 8 - 10 7 1 5 4 1 1 1 1 2 _ _ 2 14 _ 1 _ 10 2 1 1 8 1 14 1 - 1 _ 3 _ 13 2 1 - 1 1 _ 3 2 1 9 - _ - 9 12 4 8 3 1 2 5 8 5 7 6 4 5 8 5 7 6 6 1 5 - 1 - 1 13 4 1 1 4 1 3 3 4 1 1. 32 1. 26 _ _ 2 2 1 1 _ 4 2 4 3 1 - 1 1 2 1 15 12 1. 8 5 1. 88 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - ~ " - " 2 2 " - " 10 1. 3 2 2 - 1 - - 2 - 2 2 1 " 1 1 1 3 5 1 4 4 _ 4 4 4 1 1 _ 1 " - - 2 2 3 2 . " 2 1 " 1 1 - - - - - - " - - 1 T he A lle n t o w n — e t h le h e m —E a s t o n S ta n d a rd M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L e h ig h and N orth a m p ton C o u n tie s, P a., and W a r r e n C ounty, N. J. B 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s, and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fo u r t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . * W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 2 at $ 2 . 80 to $ 2 . 90 and 2 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20. 5 W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 2 . 90 to $ 3 . Table 10. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services- ■ Atlanta, Ga. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W om en _ M e n _________________________ Number of w ork ers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A verdgC $0. 75 $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $1. 00 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 h o u r ly U n der and earn and $0. 75 un d er in g s 2 $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $1. 00 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 o v e r 4 ,4 5 2 3, 754 698 $1. 17 1. 12 1 .4 5 165 160 5 160 144 16 265 236 29 292 287 5 272 271 1 291 289 2 407 380 27 177 166 11 333 290 43 124 1 10 14 150 130 20 449 399 50 155 104 51 209 181 28 136 76 60 139 115 24 239 140 99 192 110 82 136 96 40 69 47 22 12 8 4 20 4 16 16 6 10 44 5 39 9 9 108 108 100 2 2 47 47 47 8 8 29 29 19 2 2 33 33 23 3 2 43 43 39 1 117 114 108 _ 8 8 6 _ 54 48 46 _ 4 4 4 _ 32 30 26 _ 29 29 29 _ 16 16 16 _ 53 53 53 _ 4 4 4 _ 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 4 2 - 1 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 46 43 - 12 8 11 11 28 28 4 4 3 3 _ - 329 29 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ____ T im e ________________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____ ________________ D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ M e n _________________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ) ___________ T im e ________________________ I d e n t i fie r s (a ll w o m e n )______ T im e ________________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __________ W o m e n _____________________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n )________ T im e ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e d r y c le a n in g ______-_______________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e __________ ______ ___ M e n _________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r ing a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (2 7 2 w o m e n and 2 m e n ) T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ____i_______________ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) . _______________ W o m e n ______,_______________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) . _______________ M e n --------- ----- --------- ------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (5 7 w o m e n and 3 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ 1 2 a t im e 3 4 87 81 750 727 661 . . 1. 1. 1. 92 91 17 17 18 23 23 18 3 3 66 54 52 20 20 39 39 29 27 27 29 29 29 6 4 11 11 10 6 4 3 3 1 176 167 1. 57 1. 58 - - 27 27 - - - 498 4 76 49 43 . 89 . 89 1. 02 1 .0 1 4 68 68 1 1 56 56 6 6 14 14 4 4 89 69 8 8 69 69 5 3 154 154 1 1 17 17 6 6 7 7 1 - 3 3 _ 4 4 - 1 - 8 6 10 10 5 5 1 1 5 3 - - 4 4 - - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 74 53 239 209 1 .4 3 1. 47 1. 16 1. 13 _ 2 2 - 2 2 14 14 10 10 1 1 10 7 3 3 16 16 8 6 2 2 66 64 5 5 7 6 2 2 15 12 10 10 57 54 21 5 5 8 8 2 2 7 3 2 - 3 3 2 - 4 4 4 - 21 21 2 - _ 2 - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ 614 529 4 69 85 1. 39 1. 37 1. 36 1 .4 9 3 3 3 - _ - 2 2 2 - 33 33 33 - 8 8 8 - 2 2 _ - 42 38 35 4 8 8 4 - 37 35 29 2 3 3 - 3 1 2 43 34 30 9 25 25 23 - 72 72 68 - 44 41 34 3 61 58 58 3 100 71 69 29 83 52 46 31 7 7 1 - 26 24 22 2 4 4 2 - 4 4 _ - 2 2 _ - 2 2 2 _ 401 202 199 1. 18 1. 12 1. 23 _ _ - 2 _ 2 45 45 - 6 _ 6 18 8 10 6 6 23 9 14 22 22 61 34 27 27 12 15 17 2 15 71 60 11 29 16 13 18 4 14 14 4 10 14 _ 14 10 8 2 2 _ 2 _ _ - 16 16 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ 274 146 128 1. 22 1. 26 1. 18 8 6 2 - 34 31 3 42 29 13 39 30 9 20 7 13 15 7 8 7 10 4 6 11 11 31 24 7 7 _ 7 8 4 4 5 _ 5 5 _ 5 5 _ 5 - 7 15 3 12 6 - 6 1 _ 1 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 3 1 2 35 23 1 .4 7 1. 18 - 2 2 - - 2 2 - 4 4 2 2 2 1 2 2 - 2 2 - 2 2 - - - - - 2 2 - - 2 2 - - _ 2 2 7 _ 4 _ _ _ 134 90 1. 32 1 .4 5 - 2 - - 2 2 21 - - 1 1 2 2 1 1 8 8 6 6 33 12 4 4 3 3 2 2 5 5 15 15 19 19 2 2 6 6 - _ 2 2 _ _ 60 . 98 7 ~ 7 11 10 5 3 ■ 2 " " 7 4 4 - T h e A tla n ta S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C la y to n , C o b b , D e K a lb , F u lto n , and G w innett C o u n tie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e re pa id on b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 4 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 ; 23 at $ 2 .4 0 to $ 2 .5 0 ; and 2 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 3 at $ 0 .6 0 to $ 0 .6 5 ; 8 at $ 0 .6 5 to $0. 70; and 57 at $ 0 .7 0 to $ 0 .7 5 . Table 11. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Baltimore, Md. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ____________ W o m e n ______ M e n __________ N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — A verage $1. 00 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 J T T S Q $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 TT790 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 h o u r ly U n d er and w ork e a r n - $1. 00 u n d er m gs 2 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 o v e r 4 , 987 3, 846 1, 141 $ 1. 38 1. 31 1. 62 14 14 - 115 41 74 35 16 19 43 15 28 33 11 22 18 3 15 35 5 30 36 24 12 35 16 19 57 33 24 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 - - 835 770 65 210 182 28 511 430 81 251 229 22 251 227 24 824 669 155 273 223 50 224 171 53 272 199 73 278 196 82 222 134 88 205 133 72 130 49 81 80 56 24 2 2 1 27 27 26 - 27 27 25 35 29 21 6 - 3 2 2 1 28 27 23 1 - 4 3 3 1 23 19 17 4 7 7 10 10 9 22 20 18 2 10 10 3 3 _ 9 9 9 1 1 1 . 3 2 15 15 15 15 21 21 12 12 25 25 3 3 - - - - 2 2 - - 4 2 _ 2 16 15 15 1 5 5 4 3 3 1 3 3 3 - 56 53 53 3 176 142 141 34 5 5 12 10 10 2 41 41 41 - - 33 14 13 19 81 70 65 11 12 - - - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s _____________ __ _ W o m e n ___________ „__ T im e __ M e n .3 ______________________ . C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n ____________________ T im e ___________________ M e n 3_______________________ D r y c l e a n e r s ___________ _____ M en 3 _______________________ E x tra cto r o p e ra to rs, pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ) 3_________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e __________________________ W om en T im e __ I n c e n t iv e ____________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) ______________ M a r k e r s _____ W o m e n .. T im e . M en 3 __ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g .. W o m e n ______ Inc e n tiv e .. M e n __________ I n c e n t iv e .. P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s . W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )---------W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l ------------------M en l___l_____ _____________ _ S p o t t e r s , s i l k (5 w o m e n and 5 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __ S p o t t e r s , w o o l (4 w o m e n and 10 m e n )3_________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s M e n .. T im e __ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e .. M e n .. T im e _________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le .. W o m e n __________ T im e _________ 1 2 a tim e 3 4 22 25 24 13 15 14 14 23 68 77 2 2 _ _ 10 10 10 - 34 16 15 18 263 263 263 6 - 1. 54 - - - - - - 3 3 1 - 7 - - - - 1 - 2 - - - - - - 4 94 4 76 376 100 1. 1. 1. 1. 19 19 17 27 _ - 96 92 91 1 48 38 36 2 31 31 22 9 49 49 28 21 36 36 21 15 171 169 159 10 33 31 15 16 . - 26 26 26 _ - . - 4 4 4 _ - . - _ - . - . - . - _ - . - . - - . - 24 138 120 45 18 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 51 20 19 13 28 . - . 10 10 2 - 3 16 16 2 - 4 5 5 4 - . 12 12 5 - 3 14 11 4 3 _ 22 17 6 5 2 1 1 - . 6 4 2 . 1 1 1 _ 1 9 _ _ _ . _ . _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ 11 7 4 _ 3 3 - - 2 37 33 21 4 4 52 348 294 104 93 512 501 4 30 1. 90 1. 88 1. 95 1. 96 1 .9 6 1. 37 1. 37 1 .4 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 84 84 64 11 11 11 24 24 13 3 3 2 27 25 23 18 18 18 13 13 13 34 34 25 16 5 4 11 11 37 37 19 11 9 9 2 2 56 56 56 28 26 4 2 2 6 6 6 12 11 11 1 35 35 35 46 43 43 3 3 59 59 48 50 41 19 9 9 38 38 38 24 18 18 6 82 73 73 26 26 26 4 4 4 37 32 32 5 5 10 10 10 24 22 18 2 2 - 13 12 12 1 1 2 2 2 19 6 4 13 11 - 13 8 8 5 5 - 4 4 2 - 25 5 5 20 20 - 29 20 20 9 9 - 16 16 16 - 23 23 23 - - - - - - 343 338 83 255 23 14 1 .4 2 1 .4 1 1. 17 1 .4 9 1. 68 1. 76 . - 23 23 13 10 - 16 16 11 5 - 23 23 5 18 - 37 37 19 18 - 23 23 23 - 71 71 22 49 5 - 41 41 12 29 - 28 28 1 27 3 2 42 42 7 7 3 3 12 12 2 2 7 7 _ - . - 5 - . - _ - . - . - . - 3 3 42 1 1 7 - 3 1 1 12 4 4 2 5 4 7 - - - 4 2 - - - - - 3 - 198 150 135 48 734 675 652 59 140 122 17 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. - - - 1 10 2. 04 - - - - - - - - 1 - - ' 3 - - - 1. 80 - - - 2 - - 1 1 2 - - 1 2 - - - 3 47 35 32 77 72 56 64 55 47 1. 33 1 .4 1 1. 35 1. 59 1. 61 1. 60 1. 16 1. 15 1. 12 _ 2 1 1 1 9 9 9 5 _ 16 13 13 3 1 1 _ 8 8 6 _ 4 2 2 - 24 23 23 8 3 3 4 4 4 . . 6 3 2 _ 4 4 4 6 3 3 1 1 1 18 18 14 1 1 _ _ _ 20 20 12 1 1 4 4 4 - 11 11 11 - 5 5 5 3 3 1 1 1 _ - 2 2 2 2 2 - _ - 4 - 14 - - ■ 1 1 1 8 8 7 _ 4 4 3 " . 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 42 1 1 1 1 - _ _ _ _ - 1 1 - 3 3 3 - - _ - . - - - - - T h e B a lt i m o r e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the city o f B a lt im o r e , and the co u n tie s o f A nne A r u n d e l, B a lt im o r e , C a r r o l l , and H ow a rd . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t w o -t h ir d s o f the in s id e plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on b a s is . I n s u ff ic ie n t data t o w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 . 1 0 to $ 3 . 2 0 . Table 12. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Boston, Mass. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n a n d s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ N u m ber $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 h o u r ly of U n der and 2 w o r k e r s e a rn in g s 13 $1. 25 u n d er $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. ob and $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o v e r 6, 239 4 , 569 1, 670 $1. 69 1. 57 2. 03 70 64 6 239 224 15 821 753 68 486 436 50 821 738 83 315 279 36 872 722 150 534 339 195 330 222 108 317 189 128 181 111 70 275 128 147 81 38 43 187 110 77 123 39 84 44 8 36 209 62 147 31 17 14 47 7 40 32 2 30 42 22 20 182 59 123 357 300 247 596 567 560 1. 51 1. 50 1 .4 9 1 .4 4 1. 42 1 .4 1 - 1 1 1 106 106 106 52 51 49 158 157 157 37 37 27 33 29 28 70 53 43 77 77 77 27 23 16 14 12 12 69 59 48 133 121 120 34 25 20 25 22 22 37 31 29 13 12 12 22 17 13 8 7 5 5 4 3 2 2 2 20 19 19 1 1 1 - _ 2 1 - _ 1 1 - _ - _ _ - _ - . . _ - _ . - _ . . - . _ 2 _ - 106 89 2. 24 2. 24 - - - 2 2 - - 4 4 - 6 5 3 1 4 4 29 29 4 2 - 27 16 1 - 13 13 2 2 7 7 - - 4 4 59 49 1. 83 1. 78 - - - - 2 2 - 3 3 12 12 11 9 13 11 2 - 11 11 1 1 2 - - - - 2 - - - - - 684 665 385 280 1 .4 5 1 .4 5 1 .4 0 1. 51 4 4 4 30 27 25 2 92 91 88 3 64 64 47 17 223 220 161 59 83 78 7 71 89 86 29 57 55 54 11 43 30 28 17 11 6 6 6 6 5 5 2 2 2 - - - _ . - . - . _ - . _ - . - . _ - . . - 51 2. 17 - - - - - - 5 - 4 5 - 2 8 9 7 - 7 - 1 - 2 ] 41 223 205 141 1. 58 1. 52 1. 51 1 .4 7 1 1 1 11 11 11 28 23 19 24 24 14 31 26 19 4 14 14 9 23 51 49 36 5 27 23 15 1 7 7 5 6 15 15 12 2 4 4 - 5 5 - 2 2 - 1 1 - 2 - - - - - - - - 474 226 164 248 206 2. 1. 1. 2. 2. 26 99 92 50 40 - 1 1 - 16 11 4 5 4 12 9 7 3 1 7 7 7 - 6 2 4 4 20 19 17 1 - 16 14 13 2 - 26 26 25 . - 22 14 12 8 8 28 25 4 3 1 25 10 8 15 15 13 7 7 6 6 42 34 30 8 6 42 18 18 24 24 20 1 19 18 88 2 2 86 86 15 10 10 5 5 16 16 16 1 1 - 2 2 2 3 56 15 41 10 575 163 4 12 2. 00 1. 80 2. 08 5 5 3 3 12 9 3 20 2 18 17 1 16 18 3 15 53 36 17 53 18 35 66 38 28 40 4 36 30 30 55 22 33 23 23 49 10 39 12 12 4 4 38 20 18 6 6 5 5 - 22 22 44 44 365 357 207 150 1. 1. 1. 1. 60 60 54 68 - 1 1 1 6 6 4 2 50 50 41 9 49 49 16 33 44 40 26 11 80 80 53 27 47 45 33 12 17 16 12 4 32 32 20 12 10 10 10 8 8 2 6 4 3 3 10 10 10 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 - - 54 24 206 197 154 110 89 1 .4 6 1. 58 2. 07 2. 10 2. 11 1. 54 1. 55 - 1 1 - 18 2 2 2 2 8 8 5 - - 6 2 5 18 16 7 4 2 1 1 10 10 9 7 9 7 7 19 12 3 3 13 12 8 21 17 2 2 23 23 18 3 3 29 29 23 7 5 26 26 17 6 6 1 1 23 23 17 - 1 1 7 7 7 - 1 1 21 21 20 - 3 3 3 2 2 5 5 - 6 6 6 - 2 2 - 5 5 2 - 23 23 21 - - 2 2 2 - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ___________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n _______:______________ T im e ________ __________ D r y c l e a n e r s (4 w o m e n and 102 m e n )_____________________ T im e ......... ............................ ...... E x tra ctor op e ra to rs, pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n )___________ T im e _________ i______________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e __________ ^______________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ..1 ______________ F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ______ !______________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ M a r k e r s _______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (5 72 w o m e n an d 3 m e n )____ T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r ing a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )_______ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )_____________________ M e n (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ___ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ___________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ____________ W o m e n .4____________________ - . 1 1 - . 15 9 ' 1 2 a t im e 3 4 T h e B o s to n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 2 at $3 to $3. I n s u ffic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te ' ' ‘ 10; 10 at $3. 10 t o $3. 20; 1 at $3. 20 to $3. 30; 16 at $3. 30 to $3. 4 0; 24 at $3. a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w ag e p a y m en t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . - " ' c o n s is t s o f 76 c i t ie s and tow n s in S u ffo lk , E s s e x , M i d d le s e x , N o r fo lk , and P ly m o u th C o u n t ie s . on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly fo u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d - by the study w e r e pa id 40 to $ 3 . 50; 1 at $3. 50 to $3. 60; and 2 at $3. 60 to $3. 70. ' on Table 13. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Bridgeport, Conn. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in gsi o f— $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o O' T o t a l ____________ _____ _________ W o m e n ... _ M e n ________________ _________ N u m ber A v era g e $1. 25 of h o u r ly and 1 w o r k e r s e a r n in g s 23 u n d er $1. 30 o 00 O c c u p a t io n and s e x $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 over 19 12 7 15 15 6 and - - - 2 - 5 25 8 1 4 2 .4 1 2 .4 5 - - - - - 100 57 1. 64 1. 72 6 6 2 2 - 8 2 12 12 18 - 84 76 1. 39 1. 37 22 22 10 10 16 16 15 15 12 1. 93 - - - - 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - - 2 71 63 . - 4 12 - - - 34 5 2 2 4 5 1 30 1. 31 - _ 8 4 1. 32 23 - 8 102 - _ 7 7 1 - _ - 15 3 15 15 - 17 17 15 2 2 - 27 12 1 1 1 - - 41 - 6 6 - 1. 32 - - - 81 2 2 15 15 - 80 70 10 16 2 14 - - 37 34 3 - 2 15 15 64 61 3 2 2 13 13 - 87 83 4 4 2 2 17 2 15 3 1 2 80 77 3 3 3 - 18 17 1 165 153 12 1 1 16 16 54 29 25 $1. 56 1. 45 2. 06 _ - 6 2 4 9 7 2 696 569 127 - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (77 w o m e n and 4 m en ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s l _ _ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) M a r k e r s ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g (2 7 w o m e n and 44 m e n ) ______________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ Inc e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r ing a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (80 w o m e n an d 4 m e n ) _____ T im e ______ ________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) _____ 1 2 a tim e 3 - - - - - - - T h e B r id g e p o r t S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f fi c i t ie s and tow n s in F a i r f i e ld and N ew H a v en C o u n tie s. E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly fo u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 13 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 and 2 at $ 4 .5 0 to $ 4 .6 0 . c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on Table 14. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Buffalo, N.Y.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------M e n ----------------------------------------- N u m b er of w ork er s N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A vera g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 2 Under $1. 25 2, 210 1, 802 408 $1. 61 1. 50 2. 06 5 5 89 73 1. 51 1. 46 $1. 25 and u n d er $1. 30 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 ^$1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 JZ7W $2. 70 $2. 80' $2. 90 and $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 " 102 99 3 341 337 4 422 419 3 133 131 2 100 94 6 198 177 21 283 247 36 176 93 83 - 7 6 12 12 16 16 8 7 5 5 16 14 3 3 14 6 92 68 24 81 41 40 102 51 51 17 6 11 26 4 22 46 19 27 1 _ 5 4 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 _ 7 13 2 11 5 1 4 4 _ _ _ 4 36 4 36 over 21 8 13 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (8 3 w o m e n and 6 m e n )--------------------------------------T im e -------------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (281 w o m e n and 5 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------E x tra ctor o p e ra to rs, pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ) 3 ----------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ( a ll w o m e n ) -----------------------------T im e -------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e --------------------------------F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y , b o i l e r ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -I d e n t ifie r s (a ll w o m e n ) -----------T im e -------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----M a r k e r s (5 5 w o m e n and 1 m an) -------------------------------------T im e ---------------------------- --------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g (1 4 3 w o m e n and 45 m e n ) ------------------------------------T im e -------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) -----------------------------I n ce n tiv e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n ) ------------------------------------I n ce n tiv e ------------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )-W o m e n 3 -------------------------------M e n ----------------------------------------T im e --------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (31 w o m e n and 43 m e n )---------------T im e ---------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------- _ 1 _ _ 286 1. 39 8 88 75 26 25 39 25 94 2. 24 - - _ _ _ 1 _ 34 _ 13 13 1. 73 - - - - _ 4 _ 3 2 _ 3 271 189 82 1. 45 1. 37 1. 62 1 1 - 31 22 9 59 58 1 71 60 11 14 12 2 13 8 5 35 27 8 29 _ 14 _ 14 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 46 43 2. 33 1. 38 1. 38 _ - _ 2 2 _ 4 1 _ 33 33 7 1. 54 - 2 1 29 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 3 1 _ _ _ _ 3 2 2 3 3 _ _ 3 2 2 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 56 54 1. 37 1. 37 6 6 1 1 _ 188 158 1. 92 1. 86 - - 2 - 3 1 6 _ 2 _ 17 13 54 50 3 3 9 9 20 20 44 44 _ _ _ _ 163 144 1. 76 1. 80 - 1 - 5 5 6 3 2 1 15 7 17 11 18 18 9 9 41 41 12 12 33 33 2 2 2 2 116 53 29 12 17 13 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 53 67 63 39 79 67 _ _ _ _ - 9 1 3 3 - 7 _ 4 3 1 1 40 14 3 3 _ _ 11 3 1 1 _ _ 3 2 _ _ _ _ 10 3 3 _ 3 3 11 9 2 1 1 1 5 3 8 1 7 7 9 7 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 _ 2 _ 2 2 1 _ 1 74 61 1. 70 1. 62 _ 1 1 31 31 _ _ _ _ 1 1 3 3 3 2 11 7 7 6 4 1 149 1. 38 " 15 38 36 37 10 8 3 ' 1 1 - I 1 31 31 9 9 5 5 1 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ 10 _ _ _ 31 _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 18 _ _ 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ 4 2 4 4 1 _ " " _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 * - _ _ _ _ - 1 T h e B u ffa lo S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f E r ie and N ia g a ra C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e re pa id on a t im e b a s is . I n s u ffic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 15. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Chicago, 111. (N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A verNumage $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. "35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 ^ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 ber of h o u r ly w ork U n d er and and ea rn $1. 15 u n d er ers in g s 2 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 o v e r 1 8 ,9 98 14,1 32 4 ,8 6 6 $ 1 . 66 1. 52 2 . 09 361 334 27 173 159 14 545 463 82 1183 1078 105 3887 3690 197 1942 1652 290 1153 970 183 711 628 83 1972 14 34 538 1226 933 293 1303 775 528 763 556 207 362 244 118 44 7 149 298 435 203 232 425 190 180 60 120 173 125 48 271 76 195 170 39 131 193 107 235 1,0 5 6 910 755 146 118 2 ,9 9 0 2 ,9 1 7 2 ,4 5 9 4 58 326 303 301 1 .4 1 1. 38 1. 36 1 . 60 1 . 60 1. 36 1. 35 1. 35 1. 36 2. 32 2. 38 2. 37 32 32 32 _ 150 146 134 8 6 6 2 2 60 60 60 244 244 240 4 _ _ - 145 137 137 255 237 187 18 16 147 139 126 71 60 31 40 38 25 91 69 53 24 18 22 10 14 20 2 2 2 - 4 4 4 23 23 23 22 22 22 2 2 2 5 5 5 60 60 60 - 696 688 3 7 5 4 - 165 165 145 15 4 7 5 38 37 37 19 19 19 5 5 - 257 253 193 60 132 89 84 43 36 117 117 107 ■ 12 2 32 90 141 48 93 860 187 3673 34 34 34 - 8 8 8 - " 86 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ___________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n ___ _________ T im e ____________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g W om en __ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e . D r y c l e a n e r s ___________________ M e n ________________________ T im e ____________________ E x tra cto r o p e ra to rs, d r y cle a n in g (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s, pow er la u n d r y (a ll m e n )___________ T im e ________________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e -------------------------------------W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ I d e n t i fie r s _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n i n g ------W o m e n (a ll t im e w o r k e r s )— M a r k e r s _______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ _________________ M en __ T im e ____________________ Inc e n t iv e ________________ _ _ _ 574 546 492 54 _ - 480 208 _ - 8 6 12 - 11 7 170 170 154 16 _ - 2 22 - 19 331 330 312 18 100 100 84 16 - 11 - 10 2 2 5 5 5 2 - 6 12 12 6 34 34 34 36 36 36 12 1. 71 - - - - - - - - 3 1 6 - 2 - 1. 65 1. 65 - - - - - - 6 6 4 4 36 34 2 2 6 6 1 - 3 3 3 3 2 ,4 7 7 2 ,4 7 5 1 ,423 1,0 5 2 795 427 260 167 368 317 259 1. 35 1. 35 1. 31 1 .4 0 1 .4 7 1 .4 4 1. 35 1. 58 1. 50 1. 45 1 .4 2 23 23 4 19 12 12 1345 1345 959 386 223 185 20 20 6 2 2 - 14 6 65 34 21 41 17 9 9 9 34 13 7 7 40 64 38 37 9 134 134 31 103 44 28 25 3 16 15 41 22 22 2 20 - 435 433 269 164 203 45 40 5 158 157 40 126 126 4 - 118 118 95 23 34 28 28 - 162 162 6 6 6 57 57 41 16 13 1 .4 2 1. 51 - - 40 4 4 4 7 90 90 83 24 19 19 15 41 78 78 76 30 29 29 29 _ - - - 4 4 4 14 14 14 38 38 4 6 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 6 11 8 3 _ _ 3 3 3 2 39 39 39 ~ 67 64 199 390 375 308 505 467 308 1,457 728 614 729 141 588 S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . 12 123 115 79 36 _ _ - 8 8 10 6 2 1 . 49 1 .4 3 1. 91 1 . 90 1. 74 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 3. 56 24 37 87 77 14 _ _ - - 12 - 6 6 - 6 6 33 10 - 12 1 ' 10 152 31 13 7 6 12 2 40 17 3 14 23 21 15 15 13 13 31 28 17 13 25 25 23 11 4 12 12 8 56 56 54 22 22 10 3 3 3 8 8 6 118 118 108 26 26 26 55 29 24 38 38 28 16 16 105 83 35 58 39 26 - - 22 19 15 4 26 - “ 18 16 35 11 _ 12 4 18 12 6 3 12 - 6 6 - 1 16 24 13 19 2 11 21 17 " " " 4 4 1 1 1 1 ■ ' 2 2 1 1 - - 2 22 2 1 11 13 13 9 2 - - 1 - 7 - 2 - 1 1 1 1 1 - - 1 " ■ - - " ■ ~ ~ “ • ~ ~ - 4 4 - 4 4 36 36 “ 8 8 91 35 35 56 15 41 48 16 16 32 32 73 59 59 14 14 18 15 15 3 3 39 7 7 32 32 6 57 5 5 8 8 67 47 47 1 49 49 20 40 40 34 58 24 10 1 18 16 67 59 57 51 43 43 8 11 • - 13 13 4 - " 40 36 35 69 69 61 8 ~ ■ 8 8 8 8 ~ - - - ■ - 2 2 " 9 9 - - 12 10 2 2 " 4 4 - 12 2 ■ ” 6 12 12 59 54 42 40 - 5 5 - 19 17 5 64 15 15 49 38 5 5 2 2 1 8 - - 1 - - 1 “ • - - - 20 - 1 14 14 12 “ " 1 1 1 “ “ " “ ■ " 14 14 462 119 4 119 343 5 343 Table 15. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Chicago, 111.1 Continued — (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x A verN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g !3 Of---Numage $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3700 ber of h o u r ly w ork U n der and ea rn and ers $1. 15 u n d er in g s 2 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 o v e r S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s — C o n tin u e d P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )_______ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ S p o t t e r s , s i l k _________________ M e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----S p o t t e r s , w o o l ________________ M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )_____________________ W o m e n _____________________ Inc e n t iv e ________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ___________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ____________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e _____________________ M e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___ 16 6 16 - 12 12 12 2 2 72 1 .4 7 1. 47 1. 37 1. 54 2. 50 2. 64 1. 89 1. 96 198 137 91 61 50 360 332 288 377 271 206 106 1 .4 8 1 .4 1 1 .4 6 1 . 61 1 . 61 2 . 01 2. 04 2. 03 1 .4 9 1 .4 0 1. 37 1. 70 1,720 349 1,371 $1. 76 1 . 60 1 . 80 909 902 371 531 112 90 88 - 6 14 14 25 27 128 24 104 80 5 75 114 25 89 129 129 84 45 - 59 54 31 23 - 2 15 15 9 38 38 262 260 - 21 17 - 12 12 118 142 5 - 2 6 - - - - - 4 4 - 71 71 45 30 26 8 12 2 - - - 4 7 79 78 65 2 83 63 59 5 5 5 5 4 26 24 19 " “ 19 19 19 " 1 20 2 2 2 2 - 6 6 1 1 - 3 80 106 62 8 1 72 105 351 213 138 208 40 168 188 23 165 54 54 30 24 - 104 104 49 55 - 65 65 4 61 3 - 74 74 74 4 19 14 15 4 3 25 13 11 10 1 1 1 17 15 36 14 16 7 7 9 7 26 26 23 30 26 57 28 21 11 1 14 9 7 9 - 2 1 1 8 8 11 6 21 4 29 32 - 8 62 24 47 47 _ 47 9 26 26 13 13 1 2 2 5 5 4 4 4 15 15 2 8 8 6 1 1 5 5 62 62 52 5 3 41 35 33 2 2 1 - 2 29 29 23 3 - 8 8 2 2 2 32 32 23 36 36 43 43 48 48 40 _ 40 52 _ 52 15 _ 15 24 _ 24 65 _ 65 12 _ _ _ 9 8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 - 2 2 6 6 1 1 10 10 - _ _ 18 18 4 4 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ 24 24 - _ _ . _ _ _ - _ _ _ 17 6 17 _ - - 3 _ 3 3 3 3 3 - _ _ 55 55 55 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 4 _ _ » _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 2 _ _ _ - 8 17 8 2 17 17 17 2 2 - - 17 17 3 3 3 _ 30 30 26 - _ - _ 10 10 10 - 2 - 12 _ _ _ 9 1 2 T h e C h ic a g o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o o k , Du P a g e , K a n e, L a k e , M c H e n r y , and W ill C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t w o -t h ir d s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on t im e b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 91 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10; 113 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 2 0 ; 53 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 3 0 ; 65 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 4 0 ; and 351 at $ 3 . 40 and o v e r . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 10 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10; 39 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; 5 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 8 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 40; 10 at $ 3 . 40 to $ 3 . 50; and 47 at $ 3 . 50 and o v e r . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 13 at $3 to $ 3 . 10; 77 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; 11 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 52 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 4 0; 39 at $ 3 . 40 to $ 3 . 50; and 151 at $ 3 . 50 and o v e r W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 4 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; 4 at $ 3 . 20 t o $ 3 . 30; 2 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 40; and 7 at $ 3 . 50 and o v e r . to u Table 16. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.—Ind. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A verNum age ber of $ 1 .0 5 ■$1 . 10 ■$rrnr $177(3" i n r w r w $ 1 .3 5 $T“ OT $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $27 00 '$ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 66 $2 . 7 6 $ 2 . 80 h o u r ly U n der and w ork and ea rn $1. 05 u n d er ers in g s 2 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 o v e r 2, 648 1, 938 710 $ 1 . 55 1. 47 1 . 79 64 54 10 10 65 63 - 2 274 204 70 201 10 173 28 133 107 26 445 430 15 117 1. 45 447 10 28 - 14 131 58 66 33 132 - - - - 2 - 26 - - 33 52 49 44 - - - - - - 6 6 6 2 2 19 19 - - - 2 2 2 - 16 5 5 5 1. 32 1. 38 1 38 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 5 " 112 1 . 68 58 1. 49 - - - - - - _ _ _ 4 4 5 5 5 23 23 14 28 6 26 2 52 38 14 135 51 84 17 7 66 17 7 1. 36 6 1. 96 9 77 47 36 2. 1. 1. 1. 29 LA o4 Cfl ->9 370 246 124 95 46 49 228 123 105 5 42 6 38 5 3 - - - - - 2 - 2 7 2 33 7 38 6 35 7 5 - - 1 1 1 1 4 1 - 4 5 5 15 15 10 7 7 7 - 73 37 35 36 34 8 48 4 44 22 8 33 4 4 14 13 - 2 " ' - - - 5 2 - 11 11 2 34 24 144 138 91 91 - 91 62 29 10 15 51 10 20 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (1 1 3 w o m e n and 4 m en ; a ll timtsw u r k e r s) — - - - —-*— --------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ( a ll w o m e n ; a l l t i m e - 8 129 F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — I d e n t i f i e r s --------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ) -----------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e -------------------------------T im e ——---------- ---------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------------In c e n t iv e -----------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (2 5 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (1 6 w o m e n and 4 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ------------------M en ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----- 355 224 161 131 107 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 86 76 49 03 - 2 3 - 3 |3 33 28 28 - - - 32 46 46 46 10 10 10 3 3 3 10 10 10 51 17 58 50 1. 77 1 .8 1 - - - - 27 20 1. 44 26 1 . 68 1. 42 - _ - - - - - - - “ - - 2 2 - 24 - - - - - - 6 - 29 5 - - - 11 11 3 3 7 7 - 37 14 1 2 17 17 8 8 5 5 - - - - “ 36 36 12 - 21 19 - - 8 8 7 7 7 7 21 21 4 4 2 2 1 1 - 2 2 " 2 2 " - - 10 10 - - 14 4 1 7 5 6 12 5 7 7 2 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 “ - 1 1 " " 1 1 5 5 10 2 - - - - ■ ■ - - 1 2 2 15 15 1 2 2 2 2 35 6 - - - 12 - - - - - - - - - 10 1 5 - 3 - 28 2 7 1. 74 42 1 4 - 3 - 1. 71 21 - - 5 1 . 59 1. 71 9 3 1 3 3 31 17 00 _ - 139 8 1 2 2 - - 4 4 - " 1 1 T h e C in cin n a ti S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C le rm o n t, H a m ilton , and W a r r e n C o u n tie s, O h io; B o o n e , C a m p b e ll, and K en ton C o u n tie s , K y. ; and D e a r b o r n C ounty, Ind. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s, and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . Table 17. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Cleveland, Ohio* (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x N um ber of ers T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- A v er- N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 TP1. 30 $ 1 7 1 1 $1. 40 $1. 45 $ 1 7 3 1 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 7 1 0 $2. 40 $ 2 7 5 1 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2731 h o u r ly TT <.-> rlH = ea rn and $1. 05 und er in gs $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 o v e r 4, 747 3, 607 1, 140 $1. 55 1. 42 1. 99 116 114 354 347 7 159 147 216 178 38 352 323 29 277 259 18 70 477 228 249 37 29 115 45 70 109 10 1 337 255 82 66 12 197 188 9 477 376 2 385 368 17 191 68 1 461 459 2 169 166 1. 35 1. 34 - - 1 1 39 39 5 5 18 18 6 6 22 22 15 14 43 43 13 13 2 2 2 2 _ 1 1 1 _ _ 556 5 44 1. 31 1. 31 52 52 12 12 137 135 16 16 8 8 76 74 32 30 31 29 32 30 27 27 78 76 8 8 13 13 31 31 3 3 147 1. 96 - 24 2 59 2 1 6 6 2 5 30 38 5 27 - 48 6 _ 2 20 _ _ _ g 14 14 - _ - 2 2 1 1 12 12 11 - 2 2 - _ _ . _ 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 6 6 4 3 69 12 1 63 5 58 20 10 10 2 107 7 23 3 22 107 39 28 100 20 68 _ . 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 28 1 14 1 _ _ 3 7 3 53 53 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 3 2 _ 2 _ 2 _ 1 11 98 39 17 30 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (1 6 5 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) -----------------------------T im e ------------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (5 5 2 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) ---------------T im e ------------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (2 w o m e n and 145 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -E x tra ctor op e ra to rs, pow er 24 F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T im e ------------------------------------F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — I d e n t ifie r s --------- ------- ------------ __ W o m e n —___ - _____ __________ 'I' im e ——— I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — Ma r k e r s ------------------------------------W o m e n ___ ______________ _ T im e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n in g (9 7 w o m e n and 1 m a n) ------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (4 1 4 w o m e n and 10 m e n ) ----T im e ________________________ 1. 42 584 396 1 . 26 2 1. 25 - 29 24 133 131 189 136 27 15 19 163 161 98 2 . 15 - - 5 5 71 71 54 29 29 8 7 - - 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 15 15 15 16 16 16 1. 23 1. 23 l! 25 6 6 98 1. 1. 1. l! 37 33 32 29 - 98 95 1. 58 1. 55 - - - - - 1. 1. 1. 2. 1. 2. - - - - - 32 110 109 506 259 20 1 247 155 92 95 88 - 02 86 30 - - - - - - 17 17 P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (l a u n d r y ) (2 4 3 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) ---------------T im e -------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l (1 6 w o m e n and 6 m en ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (laundry)-W o m e n ----------------- --------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ------------------M e n --------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ( a ll w o m e n ; t i m e w o r k e r s ) ____________ 1. 49 1. 39 l ! 58 - 244 1 . 49 66 1. 34 1. 54 - - 12 - 2 4 200 178 22 25 15 1 . 61 1 . 28 62 46 1. 1. 1. 1. 68 1 . 28 86 - 12 10 17 71 76 79 2 16 53 23 30 _ 10 4 9 20 20 20 12 12 12 6 6 4 - - _ 12 12 2 2 58 58 4 4 15 15 _ _ - - 10 10 10 7 7 5 7 7 14 13 13 79 78 78 2 - 7 231 65 64 1 4 ” 1 1 1 - - - 2 _ _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ 1 _ _ _ 13 5 37 33 8 2 25 1 17 13 _ 24 4 _ 4 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 6 3 _ 20 6 2 21 3 _ 16 4 _ 8 3 16 4 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 4 20 - - - - - 3 75 73 30 16 14 10 30 35 96 73 13 36 3 15 96 20 13 36 3 3 13 30 30 18 _ 18 14 . 14 35 10 . 6 6 20 _ _ _ 15 10 6 6 1 2 _ _ _ _ - 3 5 3 - - _ _ 2 1 1 1 28 11 11 4 4 4 4 4 4 _ _ 13 3 20 10 20 10 1 2 2 9 13 - 6 2 5 8 1 1 - 13 4 4 13 1 1 - - _ 3 8 - 3 1 " 9 6 71 224 424 12 1 - - - - - - - 7 7 5 5 2 - - - - 1 1 - _ - - 9 5 3 1 1 1 11 11 8 12 7 10 23 2 l 4 143 23 8 _ _ _ 4 2 4 1 2 _ . 1 1 _ 4 4 ' _ - l _ - _ 5 _ 4 2 8 6 7 12 12 8 1 1 1 _ 4 4 4 _ _ _ 1 T h e C le v e la n d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C u ya h oga , G ea u g a , L a k e, and M ed in a C o u n tie s. E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e hnd f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f th e in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m en t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 18. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services----Columbus, Ohio1 (N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June— u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num ber of w ork ers A verN u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— age $ 0 . 90 $0. 95 $ 1 . 00 $1. 65 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 . 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 ^ 1 . 70 $ 1 . 80 $ T 7 W $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 5o h o u r ly U n der and ea rn and $ 0 . 90 u n d er in g s 13 24 $0. 95 $ 1 . 00 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 o v e r T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- 1, 969 1, 522 447 $1. 47 1. 33 2 . 01 66 1. 41 1. 31 1. 55 _ _ _ 39 27 - - - 405 96 96 1 1 75 65 16 16 85 84 63 62 66 66 “ 82 82 - 10 - 1 1 - 3 3 - _ - 1 1 4 4 - 6 6 - - 5 5 - - 204 197 7 232 216 16 125 116 9 6 18 10 4 8 10 4 2 2 2 6 - 3 93 91 116 108 2 8 170 138 32 60 38 38 14 24 28 22 118 49 69 5 2 1 1 1 1 2 - - - - - 2 1 1 1 1 53 27 26 93 15 78 11 17 24 7 17 28 7 84 6 13 21 374 - _ - 19 10 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll w o m e n ) -------T im e -------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (401 w o m e n an d 4 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y cle a n in g (3 0 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) --------T im e ------------------------------------M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ----------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------M en (a ll in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) (7 4 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) ---------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (5 w o m e n and 3 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h i n e ----------------M en ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----W r a p p e r s , b u n d l e ------------------W om en (a ll tim e w o r k e r s )- _ _ _ - - 1 . 26 - 47 - 1 - 47 34 13 126 31 20 20 21 15 2 28 - - - - - - - - 31 28 31 29 1. 1. 1. 1. 37 34 33 32 - - - - 3 3 3 3 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 5 5 3 3 4 4 9 7 4 3 6 6 2 2 2 2 - - - - - 1 - 7 7 5 4 4 4 1 1 - - - - - - 98 90 1 . 20 - 47 47 - - - - - - - - 39 35 - - 8 8 - - - - - 4 - - - - - 222 10 2 2 . 06 1 . 68 - - - - - - 4 4 - 3 3 - 52 52 43 12 12 1 5 - 4 2 2 9 5 3 5 - 2 2 1 54 1 1 1 1 18 4 4 4 42 6 - 3 3 - 2 - 3 3 - 2 2 1. 76 - 2 2 61 12 0 2. 38 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 52 4 5 4 3 14 36 46 43 1 . 82 - - 1 1 - - - 4 4 - 1 1 3 3 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 1. 84 1 1 1 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 4 4 75 72 1. 63 1. 65 - - - 6 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 1 5 - - 9 9 14 14 9 9 - 8 8 8 8 6 6 3 3 4 4 - 3 3 1 1 - 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. - “ - 4 - - - - - 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 5 5 - - 1 1 3 3 3 - 6 6 2 2 5 4 4 4 3 - 1 1 7 7 - - 3 3 - - - - - - - 8 27 23 32 26 1. 15 24 67 71 36 27 “ “ 1 - 1 1 4 4 2 1 4 5 " 1 T h e C o lu m b u s S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f D e la w a re, F ra n k lin , and P ic k a w a y C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s, and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 0 a t $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 6 0 ; 7 at $ 2 . 60 to $ 2 . 70; 15 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 80; 9 a t $ 2. 80 to $ 2 . 90; 6 a t $ 2 . 90 to $ 3 ; and 27 at $ 3 and o v e r . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 8 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60; 3 at $ 2. 60 to $ 2 . 70; 2 a t $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 80; 8 at $ 2 . 80 to $ 2 . 90; 4 at $ 2 . 90 to $ 3 ; 5 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3 . 20; 2 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 40; and 10 a t $ 3 . 50 and o v e r . Table 19. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services----Dayton, Ohio (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Numb er of N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— 1, 762 1, 328 434 h o u r ly $ 1.0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 ~$2. 70 $ 2 . 80 in g s ers T o ta l _____ ____ . . . . . . . . . . W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ A ver- u n d er $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $1. 53 1 .4 0 1. 95 194 162 32 7 7 - 84 75 9 21 21 1 2 2 65 63 250 244 32 31 168 166 2 6 1 2 134 129 5 43 25 18 259 160 99 65 50 15 65 48 17 93 39 54 2 41 40 38 38 2 7 85 85 85 15 9 9 7 2 1 1 1 2 20 20 _ 15 15 15 _ _ 18 4 _ _ _ _ 2 39 1 2 _ _ 4 4 6 _ 18 18 15 15 15 2 2 2 6 6 6 1 6 6 _ - 2 14 _ _ 1 2 2 _ _ - _ - 2 7 - 3 - 55 33 27 20 17 5 9 7 13 7 7 22 7 12 12 10 2 39 21 2 6 and 39 28 72 2 70 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) 3a/__ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ D r y c l e a n e r s (4 w o m e n and 59 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) .. F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (a ll w o m e n ) __________ T im e _ _ __ I d e n t ifie r s .. W o m e n ______ ___ _ T im e _____________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n )________ T im e ._ .. _ . P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ I n ce n tiv e _ . _ _ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (a ll w o m e n ) 3b/__ S p otters, g e n e ra l (24 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (4 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e __________ M e n ________________________ T im e ____________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ___________ W o m e n 3b / ____ .. . . 87 317 315 303 1. 1. 1. 1. 34 25 25 23 63 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 7 79 65 1 . 11 _ 6 2 2 2 23 23 23 31 31 3 3 3 - 19 19 1 1 1 3 3 _ 39 39 _ - 1 1 2 2 2 - - - - 47 47 47 1 . 82 83 75 41 38 35 2 63 63 63 15 12 25 26 24 1. 36 1. 24 - 6 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 _ 10 _ 5 5 3 2 _ _ 1 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ 5 1 _ _ 1 _ _ _ 8 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 2 2 1 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 4 4 _ _ 4 2 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 37 14 3 3 4 11 8 2 2 10 1 1 _ _ 5 _ _ 4 _ _ 4 7 7 6 1 1 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ 177 89 15 2 . 00 196 1 .4 8 1. 70 10 78 7 - _ - _ . 74 _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 2 2 53 16 5 5 10 10 21 - 17 _ _ 16 16 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 90 1 .4 3 4 1 2 6 _ 22 10 _ 8 6 7 7 9 5 2 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 25 1. 55 - - 2 - - 2 _ 2 2 _ 6 3 6 _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 1 . 22 2 _ _ - . _ - _ _ _ - 1 1 _ _ 6 6 6 4 4 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - “ " " “ _ 4 4 4 4 4 _ 3 3 _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 96 1. 98 1. 72 1. 36 1 .4 6 _ - 2 27 26 16 ~ ■ 20 15 2. 13 1. 84 _ - 6 2 _ _ 3 - 2 2 _ 2 2 ~ _ _ _ 4 4 2 _ _ _ 1 1 1 5 39 37 64 41 6 5 4 3 2 1 T he D a y ton S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is ts o f G r e e n e , M ia m i, M o n t g o m e r y , and P r e b le C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fo u r t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e pa id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p u b lic a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s by m e th o d o f w ag e p a y m en t; (a) p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s and (b) p r e d o m in a n t ly in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 5 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 and 3 at $ 2 .9 0 to $3. 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 37 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 and 2 at $3 and o v e r . 6 W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10. 10 ■si Table 20. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Denver, Colo. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in gs 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June— u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n an d s e x T o t a l _________ W o m e n ___ M e n __ . .... _. ___ .............. Number of w ork ers 2, 173 1, 705 468 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t-tir r(e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A verage $ 1 . 00 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 .2 0 $1. 25 $1. 30 S I. 35 S I. 40 S I . 45 SI. 50 SI. 60 S I. 70 $ 1 . 80 s i . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 S2. 30 S2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. "70 $ 2 . 80 h o u r ly and and ea rn under in g s 1 2 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 o v e r $ 1 .4 9 1. 40 1 . 82 55 50 5 75 75 81 80 96 90 1 6 131 128 3 292 247 45 136 131 5 202 96 84 139 133 12 6 25 17 17 34 34 9 9 9 26 24 4 - 178 24 92 50 42 ,104 45 59 32 202 16 2 8 21 - - 14 5 5 6 96 106 18 4 14 29 12 20 6 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 33 32 2 2 1 1 1 - - 2 3 16 6 7 4 5 2 2 1 1 - - - 2 - 4 - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - 64 33 30 31 31 7 5 161 89 82 72 72 3 3 11 5 - 7 4 4 4 4 - - - - 2 - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - 13 4 ~ ■ 1 2 - - ■ - " " - ~ ~ - ■ - 4 4 2 2 - - 204 169 35 145 123 28 28 28 31 31 24 24 - 22 2 6 9 6 9 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s __________ _______ W o m e n ......... ...... T im e ____________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ___ W om en 3 D r y c l e a n e r s (1 w o m a n a n d 56 m e n ) 3________________ E x tra cto r o p e ra to rs, p ow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ) __________ T im e ________________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) 3 M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) T im e ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ___________________ ___ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ...................................... P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s (1 3 4 w o m e n an d 1 m a n )____ T im e ___________ __________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )---------W o m e n __________________ __ T im e ____________________ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (1 w o m a n an d 23 m e n ) 3 -----------------------. T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )_____________________ W o m e n 3____________________ M e n (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ M e n ________________- ________ W r a p p e r s , bun dle (a ll w om en) 3 ______________________ 142 119 103 237 232 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 37 38 38 34 34 _ . _ 2 2 2 1 1 - _ 6 6 - _ _ 4 4 5 3 3 7 7 5 43 43 33 18 47 45 5 5 5 14 14 - - - - - - 11 20 57 2 . 10 19 1 . 60 - - - - 3 3 2 2 2 - - 244 1 . 22 12 12 42 42 29 17 28 18 25 19 25 30 30 34 33 1 3 3 - 1 12 8 2 2 2 1 2 1 4 7 7 3 7 7 1 6 2 9 4 4 2 - - 4 4 - 4 - - 1 1 1 8 8 8 41 26 26 15 14 41 1 15 15 7 7 4 200 1. 23 17 78 55 1. 34 1. 35 1 . 28 - 5 2 2 8 7 7 7 350 197 168 153 147 1 . 88 1 . 86 - - - 1. 85 1. 91 1 .9 3 - 135 99 36 1. 35 1. 27 1. 57 7 7 - 11 - - - - 4 - - - 1 13 13 - 4 4 - 24 24 - 4 4 - 21 11 12 8 4 4 20 10 10 1 9 - 11 17 4 8 1 4 23 7 7 19 17 - 6 5 5 5 5 5 3 14 14 9 18 18 3 6 21 1 1 5 - - 1 - - - 5 1 1 2 - - - 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 - 10 10 8 - 4 4 3 24 2 . 02 - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 - - 1 - 1 1 1 - - - - 2 1 1 - - - - - 12 8 - - 4 4 3 1 5 3 1 8 6 21 21 2 1 3 2 - - - - 2 2 2 ■ - 14 4 12 2 3 3 10 10 - 6 6 - 2 " 10 1. 46 1. 15 1. 77 4 4 - 62 53 1 . 68 1. 73 37 1 . 28 8 8 19 - 1. 38 1. 38 1. 31 16 20 - 74 112 2 - 20 20 115 1 1 1 2 ' 1 T h e D e n v e r S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A d a m s , A r a p a h o e , B o u ld e r , D e n v e r , and J e ffe r s o n C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ff ic ie n t data t o w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 21. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Detroit, Mich. (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — June 1966) O c c u p a t io n an d s e x .......... T o ta l W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ A verN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— Num a ge ber of $T. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $27201 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 -$275(51 $ 2 . 60 ■$277(5 -$ 2 7 M $ 2 7 W h o u r ly w ork U n der and earn and ers $1. 15 u n d er in g s 2 $ 1 .2 0 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 o v e r 1 0 ,1 7 2 $ 1 . 66 481 200 346 753 667 1265 1238 264 10 12 804 625 310 206 124 356 226 241 161 125 157 33 60 99 4 19 8 ,0 5 2 342 340 684 1. 54 198 622 1214 1140 222 834 628 398 172 170 251 215 85 134 161 71 40 47 26 39 19 2 ,1 2 0 2. 13 2 6 45 51 139 98 42 178 176 69 34 141 227 56 60 80 27 54 110 59 39 7 41 379 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b le rs riI1 W o m e n _____________ . _______ T im e __________ __________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( 1 , 19 1 w o m e n an d 6 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ____ . . . D r y c l e a n e r s (2 2 w o m e n and 186 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (609 w o m e n and 7 m e n )________________________ T im e . _ In c e n tiv e _ _ _ . I d e n t i fie r s ________________ ___ W o m e n ______ ,________ . _____ I n c e n t iv e .________. ______ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ___ . . . . ________________ _ P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n in g (213 w o m e n a n d 6 m e n ) ___________________ T im e ........... . ................................ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ___________________ . . . W om en I n c e n t iv e _____ __________ M e n ___ . __ „ . ___ . ____ _______ I n c e n t iv e ________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ------- —----- ,_______ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n )______. . .. ________ I n c e n t iv e ----------------. . . _____ ,. S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ______________ _ M e n __________ ______________ W a s h e r s , m a c h i n e . . _ r_ _ M e n ________________ _________ T i m e . ________________ ____ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (3 3 9 w o m e n an d 15 m en ) . . . T im e ............................................ 325 308 273 1 .4 4 1 .4 5 1 .4 2 - _ - 12 12 12 32 27 27 22 22 55 52 51 74 71 61 22 1 ,1 9 7 1. 32 34 110 133 233 267 169 208 2 .4 1 - - _ . _ 616 263 353 183 137 84 1 .4 6 1. 37 1. 52 1 .4 8 1 .4 8 1. 55 4 4 1 5 5 21 30 213 207 1 .4 4 1 .4 4 219 144 971 4 72 344 4 99 330 2 . 06 2 , 11 2 . 86 1,005 854 440 23 18 17 16 13 14 14 7 3 67 11 124 15 22 4 1 7 _ 6 6 6 16 22 4 6 16 180 125 55 29 22 2 20 10 64 4 43 10 _ 42 14 14 13 38 _ 38 13 7 7 27 60 27 13 13 13 10 1 1 1 _ _ 8 _ _ _ 7 6 6 3 3 1 1 _ 1 1 .. _ _ _ _ _ 41 _ 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 19 3 7 13 3 81 67 67 14 38 34 4 237 8 1 15 15 15 39 12 12 26 26 _ _ 1 1 24 24 213 _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 1 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 2 - 1 6 13 6 6 6 1 1 6 6 2 2 14 14 59 59 22 21 11 11 11 11 44 43 9 7 25 25 1 2. 05 1. 74 - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 67 1 1 15 15 25 25 9 9 _ _ 28 28 2 .4 8 - - - - 60 60 60 - 4 12 12 12 18 17 _ 57 38 3 19 46 24 14 66 11 1 1 8 8 8 _ 126 97 65 29 _ 95 29 5 3 - _ _ _ _ 24 3. 37 - 22 1 2 11 8 10 8 26 26 1. 84 1 .9 1 15 - 26 26 14 - 1 1 29 4 75 38 51 28 5 5 95 95 136 124 92 92 49 42 61 58 67 54 74 74 45 43 42 42 18 18 55 55 27 27 27 27 1. 67 1 .8 1 - - 45 12 11 7 298 1 28 5 95 55 21 20 29 28 50 24 22 22 22 22 18 18 33 33 12 12 5 5 5 5 6 6 11 11 6 6 5 5 208 198 188 114 94 2. 76 2 . 81 1 . 81 2 .0 3 1. 99 - - 7 - - 1 _ _ _ 2 _ 6 2 1 1 1 21 1 1 12 12 12 _ _ 3 3 _ _ 7 7 3 _ 4 3 354 331 1. 38 1. 36 7 7 6 6 - 42 42 49 49 131 131 61 61 13 29 5 3 10 21 7 3 _ _ 32 32 33 33 30 _ 28 _ 4 4 4 _ _ 6 6 6 _ 7 _ 5 _ _ - - 16 13 13 - - - 1 - 15 1 6 6 29 9 9 4 6 22 1 1 9 - 26 66 1 _ _ O a k la n d , and W a yn e C o u n tie s . and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s _ _ _ _ _ - 1 1 1 _ _ _ 175 115 60 55 45 15 - * T h e D e t r o it S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a c o m b , E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , a tim e b a s is . 2 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 33 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 1 at $ 3 .2 0 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 63 at $3 to $3. 10 ; 1 at $3. 10 to $3. 14 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 3 .8 0 ; 7 a t $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 ; 1 at $ 4 . 1 0 to $ 4 . 2 0 ; 26 at $ 4 . 6 0 to W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 60 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 3 at $ 3 .2 0 _ _ _ 62 60 59 24 1 1 1 _ 27 16 2 2 _ _ _ _ - - - 20 _ _ 36 34 34 26 9 9 17 2 2 4 4 25 25 1 1 1 _ 2 _ _ - - 13 13 13 3 60 _ _ _ _ 38 38 2 10 1 1 _ _ _ 3 3 1 1 4 4 _ 1 s 82 82 _ 1 6 6 6 - 1 - 59 59 3 3 _ _ - 1 1 o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e re p a id on to $ 3 .3 0 ; and 26 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 . 2 0 ; 8 at $3. 20 to $3. 30; 14 at $3. 30 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 70 at $3. 40 to $ 3 . 50; $ 4 . 7 0 ; and 26 at $ 4 . 9 0 to $5. to $ 3 .3 0 ; 6 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; and 13 at $ 3 .6 0 and over. 1 at $ 3 . 50 to $ 3 . 60; 6 at $ 3 . 60 to $ 3 .7 0 ; Table 22. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Gary—Hammond—East Chicago, Ind. 8 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x Numof ers T o t a l ___________________________ N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g !s o f — $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 6 o $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 "$3. 20 and and $ 1. 25 un d er $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 o v e r 61 51 31 26 5 26 14 32 26 10 12 6 8 19 18 9 9 2 2 1 10 9 7 14 2 “ 13 4 9 12 4 5 7 1 2 3 5 9 5 4 2 24 ” 1 1 4 7 3 3 - 4 8 2 6 41 3 3 “ 8 5 3 1 139 113 26 41 41 - 271 255 1 1 3 11 10 44 34 5 4 - “ 36 14 ~ 9 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 10 7 3 _ _ 7 2 2 11 6 3 5 4 1 4 4 3 - - - - 1 - - 45 25 3 3 3 - 10 10 10 4 4 - - - - - 105 71 34 93 80 13 139 133 98 96 59 58 217 $1. 63 1. 53 2 . 08 6 2 1 23 16 1. 44 1. 47 - _ 5 3 2 1 188 142 13 1 .4 5 1 .4 2 2 .4 9 7 7 - 50 50 2 1 3 “ - 74 1. 35 - - 57 10 2. 63 26 13 27 14 1 . 60 - _ - _ 2 - - 15 - 11 22 _ _ 10 10 10 27 - 1, 237 1 , 020 M e n _________________________ A verage h o u r ly ea rn m gs £ 16 2 2 10 31 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n )____ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (1 8 7 w o m e n and 1 m a n )____ T im e ________________________ D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ) 3a / ___ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (a ll w o m e n ) 3a / _______ F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r (a ll m e n ) 3a / ____ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e . _ M a r k e r s ( a ll w o m e n )________ I n c e n t iv e ____________ _______ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------M e n _______________________________ I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ______________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n ) 3b / ---------- ----------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (7 w o m e n and 5 m e n ) a / ------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ----------------M e n _________________________ T im e ................ ..................— 170 107 70 63 44 1. 55 1 . 39 1 . 39 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 32 _ 2 2 1 " ' 42 1 5 - - - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 2 10 1 1 15 15 3 17 4 4 13 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 - 8 2 2 6 6 15 9 9 - 3 3 3 - 2 2 2 - 2 1 1 1 1 4 - 2 - - - 2 1 9 - - - 20 20 - - - 1 1 2 2 - _ - 2 2 2 2 3 3 6 - 2 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ - - - - - 3 3 - 1 1 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - 6 56 . 2 2 30 - 22 - 2 2 11 11 22 22 22 22 4 4 8 8 2 2 18 4 2 1 2 5 - 4 1 1 5 - 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 5 - _ - - - - - - 1 1 - - 2 2 - 5 4 3 100 1 . 61 1. 63 - 2 2 39 1 .4 7 1 _ 12 1 .4 3 . . 16 13 7 2 . 09 2 . 20 - 2. 35 " 108 " ' " _ - ' 2 ' 1 T h e G a r y — a m m on d —E a s t C h ic a g o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L a k e and P o r t e r C o u n tie s . H 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t w o -t h ir d s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te * W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 1 at $ 3 .4 0 to 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 5 at $ 3 .4 0 to a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; (a) p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s $ 3 .5 0 and 1 at $4. 10 to $ 4 .2 0 . $ 3 .5 0 and 1 at $ 3 .6 0 to $ 3 .7 0 . and (b) p r e d o m in a n t ly in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s . Table 23. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Grand Rapids, Mich/ (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y 1966) O c c u p a t io n and se x A v erN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f — Num age ber of $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $2 . 8 0 $ 2 .9 0 j h o u r ly w ork Unde r and ea rn and $ 1 . 10 u n d er e rs in gs 1* 2 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 o v e r 1, 072 871 112 88 88 $1. 54 1 .4 5 1 .9 5 49 45 4 64 62 201 2 94 89 5 46 45 32 1. 51 1 .5 1 1. 30 1 1 1 _ _ 2 2 - 202 1 . 26 1 . 22 3 38 183 51 51 25 25 3 3 30 2. 53 - _ - - - - _ - _ 133 128 31 97 9 T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- 1. 43 1. 38 1. 27 1. 41 1. 50 1 .4 7 1. 31 3 3 3 - 7 7 7 _ 32 32 13 19 _ _ _ 20 20 11 11 2 5 5 4 4 1 1 4 _ _ 3 _ _ _ 28 28 _ 28 _ 9 4 4 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 > - - _ _ 70 53 17 104 " 34 29 5 4 4 4 20 20 20 20 20 10 10 98 14 100 76 75 48 42 54 43 1 6 11 34 25 9 44 24 4 3 3 3 _ - 2 2 3 3 _ 2 2 1 _ _ 1 1 1 2 2 17 17 4 4 4 4 20 1 1 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 _ _ _ 20 42 15 27 33 22 11 14 7 7 14 10 10 4 5 5 15 13 10 2 6 9 5 4 4 28 5 23 4 21 11 10 5 1 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ---------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T i m e ----------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (4 w o m e n and 26 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) — F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h i n e --------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------I d e n t ifie r s ------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e --------------------- — I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T i m e ----------------------------------M a r k e r s (8 4 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) 45a / -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n i n g --------------------------M e n -------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------In ce n tiv e ---------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n )4 b / --------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l ------------------M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s ( l a u n d r y ) ------------------------------W o m e n 4 -----------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h i n e ---------------W om en 4 a / -----------------------M en 4 b / -----------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------ 1 5 8 7 13 12 1 . 39 1. 38 38 - 1 1 1 - - 3 - - 20 1 1 1 2 2 2 - 5 5 - 4 4 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ - 2 2 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ 2 2 _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ 5 _ 1 _ _ 1 1 20 _ _ 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 _ _ _ 2 1 _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 _ 2 1 _ 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 2 2 8 53 85 1 .4 6 - - 2 2 27 1 2 9 24 6 1 2 1 1 4 _ _ 3 _ 10 1 - - - - - 19 - - 39 - _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ 3 2 _ _ 1 2 2 2 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 18 18 11 1. 76 2 . 19 2. 64 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 76 75 1. 79 1 . 80 - - 2 2 - 9 9 _ _ 1 1 4 3 6 6 5 5 9 9 6 6 3 3 4 4 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 78 7 1 .4 1 1. 93 2 1 6 - - - 3 _ 2 . 01 - - - - - - - - 4 _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 1 _ _ _ .. - 4 - 3 - 17 - 21 - 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 6 - 4 3 - - 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 2 - _ 1 1 1 1 _ - _ _ _ _ 1 - _ _ 1 1 2 6 22 1 .4 3 1. 24 1 . 90 1 .5 1 2 . 00 - _ 23 15 1. 54 1. 29 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 3 3 1 1 _ 2 1 2 2 29 28 . 2 - ~ 1 2 _ _ 2 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 2 1 1 1 _ _ 2 _ _ _ 3 3 1 1 3 _ 7 _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 1 _ 7 3 2 1 1 _ _ 2 _ _ _ 1 _ 1 " - _ 3 2 1 _ 8 _ 2 _ _ _ 2 1 - _ _ 1 2 1 2 _ - 1 1 _ 3 _ _ 1 - T h e G ra n d R a p id s S ta n d a rd M e tr o p o lita n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f K ent and O ttaw a C ou n ties. E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . T h r e e - f if t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 1 and u n d e r $ 1 .0 5 . I n s u ff ic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w age p a y m e n t; (a) p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s and (b ) p r e d o m in a n t ly in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 1 at $ 3. 30 to $ 3. 40; 1 at $ 3. 90 to $ 4; and 1 a t $ 4 . 40 to $ 4 . 50. Tabic 24. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Hartford, Conn. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s ofO c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l --------------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------M en ------------------------------------------------ N u m ber of w ork ers 1, 433 1 , 128 305 A v era g e $1. 25 h o u r ly and e a r n i n g s 13 24 un d er $1. 30 $1. 64 1. 56 1. 95 256 229 27 $1. 30 $17 3 5 $1 40 $ 1 . 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $ 2 . SO $ 2 . 6 o $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 96 $3. 00 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 .9 0 $3. 00 and 75 72 3 155 149 6 09 95 14 139 135 4 199 141 58 114 74 40 89 64 25 70 57 13 43 35 21 13 - 13 8 8 1 12 8 2 6 6 2 12 12 4 17 3 14 7 7 20 6 1 over 22 2 20 - 1 61 5 1 32 29 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (1 2 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (2 4 8 w o m e n and 3 m en ) -----------------------T im e --------------------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________________ E x tra ctor o p era tors, pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _______ _______________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ) _ — __ ---------------- T i m e ----- ----------------------------------- -— M a r k e r s (55 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------- -------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g -------------------------------------------W o m e n ------------------ —— — --------— I n c e n t iv e ---------------------------------M en —------ —----- ——— --------— ----T im e ----------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e --------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) -------------------------------------------T im e ---------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e --------- -—- - - - — ------ -—— P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (88 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) ------ -— ------------------------T im e ------ ------------------------------- -----I n c e n t iv e -------------------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (3 w o m e n and 1 1 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) — --------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------- -----------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------— 14 1. 48 2 - 3 2 2 1 2 - 2 251 249 1. 54 1. 53 68 68 5 5 35 35 31 31 10 10 41 40 31 31 3 3 5 5 - 1 1 10 10 - - - - - - - - 10 10 30 2. 97 - - - - - 1 - - - - 1 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 11 - 3 11 6 1 . 68 - - _ - 2 2 - - - - - 2 1 _ _ _ - 1 1 _ - - - - _ - - . - - _ _ _ - 11 - 32 29 1 4 4 3 2 2 2 12 12 4 4 4 1 1 - 6 2 2 4 4 - 4 22 12 12 10 - 165 146 57 137 104 26 33 10 23 1. 38 1. 38 30 28 22 21 37 28 11 7 53 52 1. 49 10 5 4 9 5 7 5 1 - 2 2 2 2 2 - 1 6 - 3 2 2 - 31 31 . 16 16 29 - - 10 19 - 4 - - - 1 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 2. 25 19 96 47 91 71 142 77 65 1 . 62 89 76 13 1. 47 1. 39 1. 92 1. 47 1 . 80 - - 1 1 - 4 4 2 3 2 1 6 5 6 4 2 2 2 - 17 17 1 1 14 14 2 - - 41 29 - - - 2 6 12 8 6 2 17 17 - 7 7 - 17 17 - 5 5 - 20 20 8 6 2 1 1 1 - 4 - 2 2 6 5 2 3 1 2 - 1 1 2 2 1 1 - - 2 2 - - - - - 1 2 2 - - - - - - 10 - - - - - 6 - - - 2 - - - 2 2 - - - - - 2 - 6 14 2 . 09 - 2 - - - - - 4 - - - 2 2 - - - - 2 2 - - 35 1. 91 - - - - - 1 4 11 5 5 1 2 2 2 - 1 - 1 - - - 41 1. 38 12 7 3 6 5 6 1 1 1 T h e H a r t fo r d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the city o f H a r t fo r d and 26 tow n s in H a r tfo r d , M id d le s e x , and T o lla n d C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s on a t im e b a s i s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 10 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 and 1 at $ 3 . 8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 10 a t $ 3 to $ 3 . 10; 2 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 . 6 0 ; and 10 a t $ 4 . 10 to $ 4 .2 0 . - 1 c o v e r e d by the study w e r e pa id Table 25. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Indianapolis, Ind/ (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n _____________________ M en ..... _ ___ .. A verN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— Num age $ 1 .0 0 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $ 1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 ber of h o u r ly w ork and ea rn and ers u n d er in g s 1 2 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 o v e r 2, 675 2, 057 618 $1. 41 1. 30 1. 78 351 313 38 147 146 1 234 229 5 204 192 12 109 93 16 439 311 128 109 88 21 108 96 12 139 131 8 62 53 9 203 152 51 151 109 42 78 39 39 47 22 25 16 11 5 63 16 47 16 7 9 27 1 26 26 11 15 7 4 3 26 6 20 7 2 5 9 5 4 97 20 77 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ____ T im e ________________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ D r y c l e a n e r s ___________________ M en 3 ______________ _________ _ 5 4 F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (a ll w o m e n ) __________ T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ I d e n t ifie r s (64 w o m e n and 1 m a n )________________________ T im e ________________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ________________________ M a r k e r s (73 w o m e n and 2 m e n )________________________ T im e . ... . ._ P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n ing (a ll w o m e n )_____________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g — W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ M e n _________________________ T im e __________ ____ _____ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )_______ W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ S p otters, g e n e ra l (1 w o m a n and 45 m e n ) 3____ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry )--------------------------------W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e W o m e n 3____________________ M en 3 ________________________ W r a p p e r s (6 9 w o m e n and 1 m a n )3_______________________ 1 2 a t im e 3 4 5 169 152 184 175 152 34 21 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 26 25 21 21 19 91 21 4 4 42 42 42 - 16 16 2 2 2 - 26 24 31 31 31 - 18 17 17 8 7 5 - 4 2 4 4 4 - 55 52 43 43 38 1 1 3 2 3 3 - 9 8 14 14 8 - 10 8 5 5 - 1 5 5 4 - 2 2 2 7 2 20 19 16 16 16 - _ _ _ _ 3 - _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - _ - 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ 9 9 _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ 4 4 242 116 126 1. 18 1. 15 1. 21 76 49 27 22 2 20 26 26 37 35 2 8 8 5 5 9 9 4 _ 4 38 30 8 1 1 10 _ 10 1 _ 1 1 _ 1 2 _ 2 1 _ 1 _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ 1 _ 1 65 47 1. 17 1. 14 18 16 14 10 4 2 2 1 3 2 10 9 2 2 4 3 1 - 4 - - 2 1 1 1 _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ 51 39 1. 46 1. 47 2 1 1 - 1 - 2 2 7 7 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 - 1 - - 18 17 5 4 1 - 1 - - - - - _ - - - - 75 56 1. 45 1 .4 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 1 1 - 3 2 6 4 1 - - 6 - 33 30 12 9 1 - - - 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - 65 33 1. 67 1. 79 - - 7 7 7 2 2 2 - 1 1 10 1 - 3 3 14 5 - - 1 1 - 9 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 6 6 179 89 58 90 61 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 05 89 14 21 01 - 6 6 3 - 2 2 1 - 2 2 2 - 2 2 2 - - 1 1 1 - - 16 16 1 - 1 1 - 17 17 8 - 3 3 3 - 40 12 9 28 28 - 2 2 2 - 19 1 1 18 18 1 1 1 - 7 1 1 6 - 5 2 2 3 - 4 2 2 2 _ 19 2 2 17 15 5 1 1 4 - 4 4 4 - 23 4 12 12 11 - 184 103 1. 32 1. 21 12 8 8 6 4 - 23 22 27 22 49 37 2 - 6 - 16 - 10 4 4 - 12 4 2 - 3 - - - 2 - - 2 - 1 - - - 1 - - 113 105 62 1. 39 1. 32 1. 46 23 23 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 1 10 10 2 19 18 9 8 8 8 10 10 9 3 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 6 4 4 4 2 2 2 7 7 7 3 3 3 1 - - 1 - - - 2 - - 2 - 1 - 46 2. 59 1 - - - - - - - - - - 1 5 8 - 1 1 - - - - - - 5 29 32 28 16 60 30 30 1. 19 1. 17 1. 25 1 .4 3 1. 30 1. 56 8 8 1 3 3 - 2 2 2 1 1 - 3 3 3 - 3 3 3 18 18 - 3 1 2 -; 2 2 1 - 5 4 4 20 4 16 5 2 3 1 1 - 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 2 2 - _ _ - 2 2 - - 10 8 3 1 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 70 1. 30 7 1 10 6 4 3 3 2 16 “ 16 1 " " " 1 “ ■ " " _ " - - - T h e I n d ia n a p o lis S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f H a m ilto n , H a n c o c k , H e n d r ic k s , J o h n so n , M a r io n , M o r g a n , and S e lb y C o u n t ie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on b a s is . I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; a ll o r p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : d at $ 2 . 8 0 t o $ 2 .9 0 ; 1 at $ 2 .9 0 to $ 3 ; 1 at $ 3 . 2 0 to $ 3 . 30; 4 at $ 3 . 3 0 t o $ 3 . 4 0 ; 4 at $ 3 . 50 to $ 3 . 6 0 ; and 1 at $ 3 .6 0 to $ 3 . 7 0 . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 14 at $3 to $3. 10 and 15 at $3. 10 to $3. 20. Table 26. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Kansas City, Mo.—Kans. (N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x ber of ers T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ 2 , 680 2 , 149 531 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— age $0. 95 $ 1.0 0 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1 . 30 $1. 35 $1 . 40 ^ 1 7 45 "$1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 .4 0 W z. 60 $ 2 . 80 $3. 00 h o u r ly ea rn and $0. 95 u n d er in g s 13 2 $ 1 . 00 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 . 4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 80 $3. 00 o v e r $ 1 .4 6 1. 37 1. 84 98 94 4 43 42 1 119 116 3 490 481 9 193 179 14 111 97 14 63 57 6 147 93 54 21 34 23 7 11 28 95 67 28 73 69 4 355 320 35 183 134 49 125 109 16 130 85 45 66 41 25 131 64 67 43 38 17 18 21 47 4 43 16 8 35 8 8 6 12 20 34 14 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (211 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w ork ers) _ _ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __________ W o m e n __ ....................... D r y c l e a n e r s (2 w o m e n and 83 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) .. E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s , pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e __________________________ W o m e n _____________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ Mf»n 45 _ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (19 2 w o m e n an d 1 m a n )-----T im e ___________________ ___ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r ing a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ___________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ W o m e n --------- --------- ------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (33 w o m e n and 1 m a n )4-----1 2 a t im e 3 4 5 213 1 .4 1 19 24 26 21 3 6 1 6 9 1 37 25 10 5 318 301 1. 52 1. 52 5 5 _ _ 19 19 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 24 2 2 2 2 8 8 2 2 195 178 31 31 19 19 10 10 _ _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - 85 2. 11 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - 24 1 2 1 3 24 10 8 1 8 2 25 1 . 29 4 11 1 - _ _ - - - - _ - _ 3 421 4 16 372 1 . 02 1 . 02 1 . 01 3 60 65 1. 53 75 1 . 28 - 381 256 213 125 2. 1. 1. 2. 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 24 . . 2 23 2 10 . 2 . 1 . 17 2 - 4 - - 9 13 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - 6 6 6 _ _ 48 48 48 _ 48 46 46 80 47 45 33 34 17 16 17 65 36 34 29 9 5 4 23 4 8 26 10 2 7 _ 8 6 - _ _ _ 19 16 _ _ 7 7 _ _ _ 3 19 1 2 5 15 14 9 5 6 2 19 18 33 30 3 5 5 32 24 8 13 13 2 1 - - 1 6 - 4 - 6 18 10 2 1 - - - - - - - 54 49 5 26 17 9 12 8 4 12 8 6 9 13 1 5 2 1 5 1 2 8 5 5 1 5 2 1 5 1 - - - - - - - 21 21 5 3 . 1 1 . 1 3 _ _ _ 4 4 2 _ 4 4 12 12 2 2 13 3 19 13 10 10 1 1 7 7 7 1 1 _ _ - - 1 _ 12 4 " 1 1 “ 2 1 1 1 2 „ . . - - 11 17 _ _ _ _ - 22 _ 193 113 80 1. 35 1. 30 1 .4 2 - - 9 9 - 5 38 1 20 4 173 119 54 1 . 20 1 . 12 1 1 1. 36 - 4 4 - 14 14 - 42 37 1 . 06 1. 03 . - 13 13 _ - 85 59 1 . 60 1. 59 _ _ _ 34 1. 15 “ “ 9 - - 1 2 - 1 28 28 28 04 95 77 1 1 1 1 7 7 24 24 24 60 59 3 _ - 20 281 281 254 14 11 2 - 9 3 - 1 6 2 10 . 11 . 10 3 1 T h e K a n s a s C ity S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C a s s , C la y , J a c k s o n , and P la tte C o u n t ie s , M o . ; and J o h n so n and W y an d otte C o u n t ie s , K a n s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the in s id e plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by the stu d y w e r e p a id on b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 27 u n d e r $ 0 .8 5 ; 2 at $ 0 .8 5 to $ 0 .9 0 ; and 31 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 . I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 10 at $3 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 1 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 2 at $ 3 .6 0 to $ 3 .8 0 ; and 2 at $ 4 to $ 4 . 2 0 . Table 27. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove, Calif.* (N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n an d s e x T o ta l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n ................... ............. ............. ber of w ork ers 13,055 9 ,2 7 3 3 ,7 8 2 age h o u r ly in g s $1. 80 1. 63 2. 21 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 £ 1 7 5 0 ' $1. 60 $1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. id $2. 20 $ 2 . i o $2. 40 $ T 5 0 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 8d $2. 90 $ 3 .0 0 $ $. 10 $37£o" $IT T o U n der and and ~ _ " ” ~ ~ ~ ~ " ■ “ ~ ■ $1. 30 u n d er $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 o v e r 108 95 13 565 497 68 711 658 53 1035 959 76 1379 1156 223 2562 2133 4 29 1816 1385 431 784 526 258 520 327 193 336 2 20 116 574 319 255 440 247 193 360 213 147 270 172 98 125 90 35 4 20 91 329 115 90 25 90 13 77 46 18 28 34 12 22 131 22 109 85 10 75 10 _ 10 539 20 519 4 4 4 77 75 67 - 46 46 46 124 122 122 - 18 18 18 36 36 36 - 49 47 47 57 57 53 - 70 69 67 20 18 14 - 238 232 224 283 283 273 9 9 9 122 111 1 10 174 174 162 - 70 48 46 81 81 75 2 2 2 25 22 10 72 72 68 45 45 45 7 7 _ _ _ 9 9 9 13 13 12 8 4 4 3 - 42 22 20 _ _ _ 6 6 6 1 _ _ 4 4 4 16 16 16 _ _ _ 8 8 8 _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ 9 9 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 8 8 _ _ _ . _ 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 20 20 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 64 64 54 _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ 1 1 6 4 _ 4 4 _ _ _ 8 8 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ - 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ___________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ D r y c l e a n e r s ___________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s, pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e __________________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I d e n t i fie r s _____________________ M e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___ M a r k e r s _______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , ha n d, d r y c l e a n ing (a ll w o m e n ; a l l t i m e w o rk e r s )— P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ...................................... P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( 1 ,0 1 9 w o m e n an d 1 m a n ).. T im e ________________________ Inc e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r ing a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )_______ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ S p o t t e r s , w o o l (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ M e n ............................................... T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n dry) (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ______ M e n _________________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e M en 5________________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le W om en. T im e . . . 1 2 a tim e 3 4 $ 4 .3 0 ; 5 709 643 604 944 934 886 247 240 228 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 59 57 55 53 53 53 70 71 64 76 1. 71 - - - - - 3 30 34 8 1 1,7 7 2 1,724 1,633 302 217 4 58 4 18 4 03 1 .4 4 1. 44 1 .4 3 1. 51 1. 53 1. 57 1. 57 1. 56 10 8 8 _ _ _ - 128 128 126 12 _ 31 31 31 354 342 340 2 16 16 16 376 362 354 41 20 40 32 32 508 508 471 149 112 55 55 55 237 230 208 62 50 104 92 85 135 126 126 28 27 107 93 92 8 4 _ 69 65 62 2 2 _ 3 3 22 22 22 4 4 _ _ _ _ - _ _ 46 46 44 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ „ _ 229 2. 16 - - - - 2 16 4 - - - 64 44 47 32 - - _ - _ _ 20 _ _ _ 1,201 623 420 578 503 2 .4 6 2. 27 2. 15 2. 66 2. 57 - - - - - 13 13 4 - 29 25 18 4 4 21 12 6 9 9 14 14 9 _ _ 9 5 4 4 4 138 101 94 37 37 149 100 84 49 49 149 90 62 59 51 151 93 83 58 48 42 42 36 _ _ 198 4 194 191 76 72 20 4 _ 8 6 2 _ 38 14 24 20 8 8 _ _ 50 2 _ 48 48 8 4 4 - 5 _ _ 5 _ 95 18 _ 4 77 42 1,020 696 324 1. 75 1. 62 2. 03 _ _ - 12 12 - 11 6 5 31 31 - 10 7 3 4 08 396 12 161 104 57 51 26 25 77 45 32 62 28 34 23 1 22 16 _ 16 30 _ 30 18 18 30 30 64 40 24 6 _ 6 6 _ 6 2 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 1. 1. 1. 68 66 55 89 - 34 34 34 - 51 51 46 5 41 41 41 _ 59 59 43 16 207 198 165 33 287 279 202 77 60 60 36 24 32 24 6 18 26 25 6 19 19 16 10 6 22 18 2 16 16 15 _ 15 20 19 19 9 8 _ 8 11 8 8 11 10 _ 10 1 _ _ 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 6 4 _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 .4 1 2. 58 - 4 - - - - 2 - - - - - 3 2 2 2 6 6 - 2 2 11 11 8 8 - - - - 8 8 _ - - 1. 1. 2. 2. 1. 1. 1. - - 5 3 5 5 23 23 9 57 57 _ 67 67 - _ _ - _ 4 4 - 4 4 _ _ _ - _ - 20 20 - _ 3 3 - _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ 11 11 _ - - 12 12 9 9 9 9 9 4 4 - - 13 13 10 9 9 - 8 8 8 13 13 16 16 8 - _ - 26 26 12 12 7 5 2 - - 45 28 82 2 42 16 13 - - 1 4 4 40 40 40 _ - - - - - _ - . - - - ~ “ - - * 914 871 591 280 46 39 108 85 332 252 162 112 106 72 79 02 18 57 55 55 " - - - 26 25 25 ” " - ' - “ “ - - T h e L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a c h and Anaheirrr-Santa Ana— a rd en G r o v e S ta n da rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a s c o n s is t o f L o s A n g e le s and O ra n g e C o u n t ie s . G E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e re p a id on b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 20 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 4 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 ; 2 at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 ; 24 a t $ 3 .9 0 to $ 4 ; 8 at $ 4 to $ 4 . 1 0 ; and 6 at $ 4 . 2 0 an d o v e r . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 5 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 ; 6 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 3 .8 0 ; 4 at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 ; 4 a t $ 3 .9 0 to $ 4 ; 2 at $ 4 to $ 4 . 1 0 ; 11 at $ 4 . 1 0 to $ 4 . 2 0 ; 43 at $ 4 . 20 to a n d 2 at $ 4 . 3 0 to $ 4 . 4 0 . I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 28. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Memphis, Tenn.—Ark.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l __________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n ________________________ A verN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — Numage ■$2700 § 6 7 1 5 $0. 70 $0. 75 $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $ 1 .0 0 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1.45" $1. 50 $ i . 6o $1. 70 $1. 86 b er of h o u r ly w ork U n d e r and and $0. 65 u n d er ers in g s 13 24 $0. 70 $0. 75 $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $1. 00 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 o v e r 2, 749 2, 331 418 $1. 00 . 94 1. 35 134 132 2 64 64 " 119 115 4 202 200 2 257 253 4 311 297 14 306 298 8 139 136 3 294 262 32 135 122 13 154 96 58 78 72 6 87 56 31 111 65 46 44 25 19 72 57 15 44 29 15 37 3 34 57 19 38 23 22 1 31 3 28 7 3 4 8 8 . 1 1 _ 28 28 24 11 11 22 20 14 27 27 56 54 37 11 11 70 70 35 19 16 58 51 44 3 3 26 26 14 2 1 11 11 6 13 12 24 23 16 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 37 37 35 3 2 7 7 - 16 16 16 27 27 25 - 5 4 3 16 16 16 - - - 2 2 48 48 48 - - 8 8 1 1 1 . _ . _ 8 . . _ _ 2 2 1 1 4 4 1 1 4 4 . 1 1 4 4 22 22 1 1 . - - " ' “ 3 4 - - - - - 38 7 3 1 7 1 . 1 3 ' 5 3 1 1 2 1 _ 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 2 2 - 4 4 3 - _ - 2 2 - 6 6 - - - 39 14 3 25 - 6 2 4 2 2 - . 1 1 _ _ 1 _ 22 • 37 2 35 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ___ T im e _______________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ___ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ M e n ________________________ E x tra ctor o p e ra to rs, p o w e r la u n d ry (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (a ll w o m e n ) ! _________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ____________________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n )________ T im e _______________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g — W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) _________________ T im e _______________________ Inc e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) _________________ T im e _______________________ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------W o m e n _____________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) _______________ M e n ________________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n )4_____________________ 111 104 455 4 42 336 . . 1. 1. 1. 94 93 05 05 06 63 55 1 .4 9 1. 59 17 1. 02 - - 4 2 4 301 . 85 18 - 20 68 16 86 36 47 127 91 . 92 . 83 . 79 18 14 7 4 27 26 3 1 22 29 27 2 5 2 5 3 2 2 4 2 8 13 9 7 2 • ' 222 170 106 52 1. 1. 1. 1. 19 13 05 38 1 1 1 2 2 2 10 10 7 2 2 1 2 2 - 11 11 9 14 14 10 6 6 6 7 7 2 13 13 9 74 52 47 22 8 7 1 1 5 5 1 - 5 5 4 - 210 114 96 . 92 . 77 1. 10 13 12 1 44 44 - 16 16 - 7 2 5 14 12 2 . - _ - 8 8 * 34 16 18 26 26 4 4 - 15 26 3 15 26 3 254 143 . 95 . 90 13 13 22 22 38 12 75 60 12 3 33 18 22 5 14 10 5 5 3 - 7 - 1 - 50 27 1. 26 . 90 5 5 1 1 . . _ 9 9 - - - " 1 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 - - - 3 3 _ - 6 6 _ - ' - ■ - ■ 57 41 1. 13 1. 21 1 1 - 9 3 2 2 2 2 7 7 _ 4 4 4 4 - - 6 6 - “ 1 1 - - 8 4 - - 8 8 . - 4 - _ - - - - 70 . 85 16 3 4 - 6 8 14 2 4 12 - - 1 - - - - - 11 3 11 - _ _ - - 1 1 1 T h e M e m p h is S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f S h elby C ou n ty , T e n n ., and C r itte n d e n C ou n ty , A r k . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by the study w e r e p a id on t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s ; 8 at $ 2 . 10 to $ 2 . 20 and 3 at $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 . 6 0 . 4 I n s u ffic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s by m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m en t; p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 29. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Miami, Fla. ( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y i n s i d e p l a n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s , O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M en ________ M a y —J u n e 1 9 6 6 ) A v erN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— Num age $0. 85 $0. 90 $ 0 .9 5 $1. 00 $1. 65 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $ 1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 b e r of h o u r ly U n der and w ork ea rn and $0. 85 u n d er ers in g s 2 $0. 90 $0. 95 $1. 00 $ 1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $ 1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 o v e r 3 ,6 0 2 2 ,6 7 5 927 $ 1. 34 1. 20 1. 72 185 179 6 131 127 4 288 288 - 131 139 - 4 04 388 16 148 139 9 265 237 28 79 59 20 165 124 41 4 20 322 98 104 78 26 112 65 47 149 123 26 72 45 27 150 55 95 67 37 30 148 71 77 94 32 62 63 16 47 113 52 61 64 12 52 89 46 43 27 8 19 126 33 93 336 312 1. 12 1. 10 6 6 4 4 11 11 22 22 109 108 6 6 45 42 16 15 4 3 74 72 15 15 4 2 13 4 2 - 3 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 426 347 79 1. 11 1. 11 1. 09 35 29 6 36 28 8 24 7 17 14 3 11 84 76 8 43 37 6 16 15 1 13 12 1 19 14 5 69 66 3 37 35 2 17 16 1 1 _ 1 5 4 1 4 3 1 3 _ * _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 * _ _ _ _ 2 3 3 2 1 2 125 1. 88 - - - - - - - 1 - . 1 9 _ _ 9 1 29 33 4 5 29 _ 4 460 2 53 207 •94 .9 5 .9 4 3 91 45 46 39 20 19 155 105 50 45 2 43 47 21 26 20 8 12 59 49 10 1 1 - 1 _ 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 4 54 23 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (321 w o m e n and 15 m e n ) _________________ T im e _______________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (420 w o m e n and 6 m e n ) ___ T i m e ___ ___________________ _ I n c e n t i v e _________ ________ D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _______________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (456 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) ___________________ T i m e _______________________ I n c e n t i v e ______________ ____ I d e n t i fie r s (34 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) _____________ __ __ T i m e _______ _______________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ________ T i m e _______________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n i n g __________________ W o m e n 3 ___ ______________ 5 46 P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (301 w o m e n and 1 m a n )____ I n c e n t i v e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) ____ _ I n c e n t i v e ___________________ S p otters, g e n e ra l (3 w o m e n and 26 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s ( l a u n d r y ) ____________________ M e n 5 _____________________ _ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (4 w o m e n and 62 m e n ) ____ _ T im e _ - _ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (32 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ _ _ _ * _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ * * 1 _ 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ „ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 18 127 120 1. 1. 1. 1. 18 11 12 10 4 4 2 2 - 6 6 5 5 _ 1 1 3 _ 43 43 4 9 8 1 1 14 14 1 5 5 3 2 6 6 5 3 27 27 4 3 2 2 _ 5 _ 8 _ 4 4 417 263 1 .9 2 1. 82 - - - - 1 1 2 2 2 2 5 5 32 32 10 5 1 _ 2 2 63 63 3 2 1 1 5 1 30 13 14 8 302 287 1. 39 1 .4 1 1 1 - 5 2 7 7 21 15 9 9 13 7 7 7 30 30 69 69 12 12 6 6 16 16 17 17 13 13 15 15 27 27 184 131 1. 28 1. 37 5 4 3 2 21 11 17 11 11 7 3 3 28 4 2 2 10 10 12 6 1 1 5 5 8 8 11 11 10 8 8 7 29 2. 34 - - - - - - - - . - - _ _ _ _ 1 24 16 1. 23 1. 28 - - _ _ 1 3 _ 5 3 _ _ 4 2 4 4 1 1 4 4 1 1 _ _ 1 1 1. 54 1. 55 - _ _ - _ _ 5 5 - 8 8 8 8 5 4 5 5 3 1 _ _ _ - 7 5 1 1 33 1. 06 " " 6 " 3 11 12 ■ - 1 - - _ _ _ 66 61 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ 39 8 86 45 10 3 46 44 12 12 4 4 6 6 8 8 _ _ 16 16 5 5 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 1 6 2 _ _ _ 9 9 8 8 1 1 _ * 5 5 1 1 - - - - - - - 3 4 4 3 3 6 11 - 1 T h e M ia m i S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is ts o f D ade C ou n ty . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fif t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s i s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 1 u n d er $ 0. 7 5 ; 7 at $ 0. 75 to $ 0. 8 0; and 83 at $ 0. 80 to $ 0. 85. 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 12 at $ 2. 40 to $ 2. 5 0; 16 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60; 1 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 8 0 ; 4 at $ 2. 80 to $ 2. 90; 8 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10; 4 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 20- 5 at $ 3. 20 to S 3 30and 4 at $ 3. 4 0 to $ 3 . 5 0 . ® I n s u ff ic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s . 6 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 1 at $ 2 . 5 0 to $ 2 . 6 0 ; 1 at $ 2 . 6 0 to $ 2 . 7 0 ; 4 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 8 0 ; and 5 at $ 3 and o v e r . CO Table 30. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Milwaukee, Wis.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o ta l W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ of w ork ers 2, 967 2 ,4 3 9 528 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A vera ge $1. 15 W T z o $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $T760 $ 1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 w h o u r ly U n der and and e a rn in g s 1 2 $1. 10 u n d er $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 o v e r $ 1 .4 9 1 .4 2 1. 80 24 8 16 297 237 60 337 325 12 261 255 6 383 332 51 293 283 10 145 128 17 107 88 19 138 107 31 233 191 42 129 114 15 128 99 29 89 71 18 55 32 23 33 19 14 56 39 17 49 23 26 21 8 13 35 11 24 29 10 19 33 11 22 13 8 5 79 40 39 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s 34__ _ W om en 3 ______ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n .. __________________ T im e . D ry cle a n e r s 3 __________________ M e n i _______ ______________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n )__________ T im e ____________ ____________ I d e n t i fie r s _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) 3. ______________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n )________ T im e ____ _______ ________ P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n ing (a ll w o m e n ) _____________ T im e ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g __________________,____ W o m e n ________ __________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ Inc e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (a ll w o m e n ) . . . . I n c e n t iv e ___________________ S p otters, g en era l (26 w o m e n an d 27 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ___________ M e n ---------- ------ --------- ----------T im e ____________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le -----------------W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ 1 2 a t im e 3 4 67 59 629 621 4 76 33 29 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 33 32 27 27 28 14 24 . 4 4 4 - 4 4 39 39 26 - 9 9 87 87 56 1 1 10 9 125 124 77 - 9 5 140 137 118 - 3 3 164 162 148 3 - 12 12 15 15 9 - 4 4 8 7 6 - 3 3 5 5 4 1 1 10 8 22 22 10 1 1 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 2 4 4 16 16 16 2 2 - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 - - 16 16 - " 212 115 78 72 40 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 30 29 41 41 53 2 2 - 13 11 2 1 - 50 22 13 13 - 13 10 4 4 1 24 3 9 8 7 63 53 3 3 3 15 7 13 12 2 9 1 2 2 1 6 2 4 3 3 11 3 3 2 2 5 1 14 14 14 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - 1 1 - - - - 28 70 31 1. 38 1. 34 1. 31 - 1 1 4 17 8 4 10 7 9 8 1 4 5 2 5 4 1 4 2 2 6 3 1 7 - 3 - 3 3 - 1 - 2 - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26 18 1. 73 1. 60 - - 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 - 2 2 2 2 - 5 5 7 6 1 1 - 1 4 - - - - - 1 - 223 209 126 2. 05 2. 04 2. 38 - - 5 5 1 - 5 5 1 3 3 - 3 3 - 12 12 1 2 2 1 34 33 2 9 9 5 32 24 2 6 5 5 3 3 3 2 2 2 25 25 25 18 17 17 2 2 2 7 7 7 8 8 8 11 11 11 5 5 5 4 31 28 28 231 189 1. 51 1. 57 1 1 14 4 18 10 18 9 30 24 4 3 13 12 10 9 5 4 33 28 23 23 22 22 22 22 7 7 5 5 2 2 - - - - - - 4 4 103 84 1. 67 1. 77 - 3 - 7 4 8 7 13 6 7 7 4 4 11 6 2 2 3 3 9 9 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 - 6 6 3 3 1 1 - 1 1 8 8 53 38 34 30 65 59 31 1. 95 2. 00 2. 08 2. 03 1 .4 1 1. 39 1. 35 - 1 - 1 - 2 - - - - - - 12 12 11 5 5 2 2 8 8 2 1 2 1 “ 3 8 4 4 9 9 5 2 - - 5 1 1 1 - 6 2 2 2 12 9 7 3 . 6 6 • 4 2 " 3 3 3 1 1 1 7 7 7 - 3 3 3 - 2 2 2 2 - 1 1 1 - 16 4 4 - 4 4 4 - 1 1 1 - ' ' * ~ 4 2 2 2 - ■ 4 1 1 1 " _ - 5 5 3 ' ~ ' T h e M ilw a u k e e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M ilw a u k e e , O z a u k e e , and W a u k esh a C o u n tie s . E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t w o -t h ir d s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on b a s is . I n s u ff ic ie n t data t o w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 4 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 19 at $ 2 .9 0 to $3; and 8 at $3 and o v e r . Table 31. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay—J u ly 1966) O c c u p a t io n an d s e x Number of ers T ota l ___ . . .. _ _ . W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ A verN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — a ge $1. 25 $ 1 . 30 $1. 35 $ 1 . 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 ■$3720 h o u r ly ea rn and $1. 25 u n d er in gs 1 2 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 o v e r 3 ,4 8 9 2 ,8 5 6 633 $1. 71 1. 60 2. 21 108 101 7 78 74 4 25 23 2 44 37 7 111 106 5 119 116 3 1058 1023 35 848 828 20 189 171 18 138 108 30 197 139 58 202 86 116 92 5 87 54 28 26 27 5 22 18 2 16 31 2 29 9 9 47 1 46 38 38 5 5 12 12 145 124 94 1. 71 1. 67 1. 66 . - . - _ - . - . - 3 2 2 57 56 • 38 31 31 29 15 14 10 7 1 - 19 17 15 3 - 4 1 4 2 _ 1 _ . _ 1 _ ' _ 571 1. 54 52 51 4 3 23 15 77 288 12 26 7 12 1 104 2. 52 - - - - - - 1 - - 1 12 23 2 2 4 21 1 14 5 - - 11 1 .9 9 6 2 _ 1 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ . 9 9 4 2 1 1 1 2 2 - 1 2 - 1 - - - - - 3 1 4 - - 1 - - - - - - - - 9 1 1 8 8 1 1 - - 21 21 21 19 19 15 1 1 - - - - - - - 19 1 18 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ___________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (569 w o m e n an d 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___________ E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s, pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e __________________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____ ______________ I d e n t ifie r s (a ll w o m e n ) ______ T im e ________________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) __ M a r k e r s ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) . . W o m e n _____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ________ __________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (2 8 6 w o m e n an d 1 m a n ) _ _ T im e ............................................. P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r ing a p p a r e l ( a ll w o m e n ) ___ T im e ________________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ W o m e n _____________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ___________ M en 3 W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (75 w o m e n an d 3 m e n ) 3____ 1 2 a t im e 3 433 427 324 54 27 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 56 56 54 68 54 - 4 4 - - 15 15 15 - 25 25 16 - 3 25 325 267 24 17 37 33 25 7 2 17 17 1 10 4 34 191 182 1. 57 1. 58 1. 56 - - 15 15 - 13 5 5 7 7 69 69 19 79 79 2 8 6 324 188 184 136 128 2. 1. 1. 2. 2. 13 96 95 36 32 - - - - - - - 7 7 7 14 14 14 18 16 15 2 2 85 85 85 - 77 43 43 34 34 40 1 1 39 39 24 17 17 7 7 4 2 1 2 2 287 245 1. 59 1. 58 - - - - 1 - 27 17 151 133 69 67 29 28 3 2 2 - 2 1 181 122 1. 60 1. 59 - - - - 6 1 103 63 60 56 3 2 7 1 - - 1 - - - - 86 74 115 104 1. 1. 1. 1. 62 55 95 98 - - - - 4 4 - 7 7 - 7 3 - - - - - 2 - -■ 1 - - 6 6 8 8 6 6 1 1 - 2 2 - " 40 40 - “ 14 14 - " 2 1 4 4 - " 2 2 13 2 4 ‘ 57 57 20 20 1 1 1. 57 " “ " ~ 9 45 20 2 " 1 1 78 ‘ " " ~ T h e M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l S ta n da rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A n o k a , D a k ota , H en n ep in , R a m s e y , an d W a sh in g ton C o u n tie s . E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e re p a id on b a s is . I n s u f f ic ie n t 'd a t a to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . CO (0 Table 32. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— New Haven, Conn.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — T p t a l . — — _ ---- _ --------- TTW om en__ , M en — — — _____ ____ .___ of w ork ers h o u r ly e a r n in g s * "*r r z r and $1730 $1. 30 O c c u p a t io n a n d s e x $ 1 . 35 $1. 45 $173? $ 1 . 50 $1. 6 b $1. 7 b $ 1. 8 0 $1. 9 0 $ 2. 0 0 $ 2. 10 $2. 2 0 $ 2 . 30 $ 2. 4 0 $2 . 5 0 ■$275o 1 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $ 2 . 9 0 3$ 2 $3. 00 $1. 40 $ 1 . 4 5 $ 1 . 50 1. 69 11 1 .9 4 25 1. 6 4 - 16 16 30 30 16 16 1 1 1 _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ - _ 30 - 32 " 3 “ - - - - “ - - - 1 1 1 2 2 1 - 1 “ - ~ 16 " - - “ " - - 2 “ 2 5 2 105 4 1 3 1 - . 2 8 - 2. 27 1. 96 2 - 1 1 “ 98 80 9 2 7 * 30 131 17 1 16 - " 16 16 - 1. 35 2 2 _ . 183 4 1 3 - 1 . 117 116 1 22 20 2 53 46 7 1 47 - 22 22 88 21 67 2 2 158 1 42 16 51 50 1 135 105 30 23 5 18 $1. 6 6 1. 59 1. 91 and over 8 1 7 59 50 9 70 69 1 869 670 1 99 $ 1 . 6 0 $ 1. 7 0 $1. 8 0 $ 1 . 9 0 $2. 00 $ 2. 10 $2. 2 0 $ 2. 3 0 $ 2. 4 0 $ 2. 5 0 $ 2. 6 0 $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $ 2 . 9 0 $ 3 . 0 0 2 . 2 22 16 6 S e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) . — — ___ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g (6 8 w o m e n a n d 30 m e n ) -------------__ ___— ___—— — T i m e ------- — P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a l l w o m e n ) 4 ___- _ — _ . W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll m e n ; _______________ a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ( a il w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — — — , - “ * 1 T h e N e w H a v e n S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f th e c i t y o f N e w H a v e n a n d 10 t o w n s in N e w H a v e n C o u n t y . 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , a n d la t e s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -te n th s o f th e on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 3. 7 0 t o $ 3. 8 0 . 4 I n s u ffic ie n t d a ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t, p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . " in s id e p la n t w ork ers 1 cov ered by 3 16 “ th e stu d y w e r e " p a id Table 33. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— New Orleans, La.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u n e 1966) J Num ber of er s W om en M e n ------ 2, 395 1, 791 6 04 A verh o u r ly in g s 2 $1. 23 1. 12 1. 56 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— ■ w o O O O c c u p a t io n and s e x SO. 75 $0. 80 $0. 90 $0. 95 $1. 00 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . ZUi $ 1 .^ F $1. 30 $ r . y y $1. 40 $1 . 45 $ 173 tr $ 1 . 6 o $1. 7 0 $ 1 . 8 0 J T W $1. 16 $ 2 .2 6 U nder and and $0. 75 und er $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $1. 00 $1. 05 $ 1 .1 0 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1 . 50 $ 1 . 6 0 $ 1 . 7 0 $ 1 . 8 0 $ 1 . 9 0 $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 o v e r 132 128 4 83 81 2 135 134 1 195 183 12 156 156 “ 75 73 2 216 187 29 34 34 ” 132 116 16 125 105 20 60 33 27 277 225 52 49 39 10 100 37 63 22 14 35 8 19 16 144 23 121 106 58 48 58 13 68 16 61 34 4 40 45 34 12 21 29 21 8 87 1 - 1 1 7 37 50 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll w o m e n ) 3 ----C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W o m e n ---------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s , pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h i n e ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g — W o m e n ---------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------M e n --------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------In c e n tiv e -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T im e ------------------------------------In c e n tiv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) ----------------W o m e n ---------------------------------In c e n tiv e -----------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (1 w o m a n and 54 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------- a 157 1. 02 - 2 5 48 20 - 21 6 36 - - 9 3 1 6 192 183 1. 13 1. 10 _ 12 12 _ 3 3 5 5 52 51 4 4 52 52 12 12 _ 1 1 10 9 _ - 32 30 _ - 1 1 - - 1 - 3 3 - - 1 - 148 1. 60 - - - - - - - - - - 1 24 1 11 - 2 43 33 5 10 10 - 1 16 1. 18 - 1 - - - - - - - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 3 - - 1 10 1 - - 88 88 89 84 30 30 16 4 14 19 19 11 8 45 45 14 31 67 67 67 - 39 39 17 22 43 43 38 5 24 14 13 1 1 1 _ 1 15 15 15 _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ _ - 3 1. 08 . 92 . 92 _ 4 3 _ 4 3 _ _ 11 21 21 _ . 3 _ _ 16 14 3 5 5 _ 16 11 2 16 15 4 2 1 “ - 1 - 1 - 1 1 - - - " - - - - - - - 350 198 153 152 99 53 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 71 74 88 67 56 88 _ - - 3 3 3 - _ - 1 1 1 - 2 2 2 1 1 1 - 22 22 - 1 1 1 - 23 23 2 - 8 8 8 - 11 11 11 2 2 2 _ - 7 72 6 6 66 64 6 3 3 3 39 5 5 34 54 4 4 4 49 39 22 23 - - 19 19 3 22 12 2 21 5 21 21 2 _ 2 261 139 122 1. 23 1. 11 1. 37 _ - 153 131 78 1. 28 1. 27 1. 46 55 92 87 60 1. 30 1. 01 1. 01 .9 5 286 276 191 85 31 91 75 . . . . - 12 1 _ 7 7 - 2 , 5 - 3 _ 3 43 22 22 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 16 16 16 7 _ 2 1 2 _ 2 1 7 1 1 1 13 12 1 24 23 1 5 5 9 7 2 5 5 2 2 32 20 12 21 _ 21 60 48 12 16 16 5 " 22 20 2 11 11 _ - 3 3 _ - 12 12 2 1 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 22 22 1 4 10 10 6 3 26 26 23 _ - 3 10 8 5 7 4 11 _ - 11 4 4 ‘ " " _ 6 15 15 15 . - 7 7 . “ “ - " " 2 2 1 3 3 8 16 16 16 3 3 2 _ _ _ 3 _ _ 2 2 T h e N ew O r le a n s S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, b a s is . I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 0 . 70 to $ 0 . 75. W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 3 at $ 2 . 20 to $ 2 . 30; 13 at W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 0 . 65 to $ 0 . 70. - - _ 1 _ 31 31 23 _ _ 37 10 _ - 10 3 _ 2 _ 2 31 9 _ _ _ _ _ 22 - - - - - 9 7 7 7 3 3 3 _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 _ _ - _ _ 9 o f J e ffe r s o n , O rle a n s , St. B e r n a r d , and St. T a m m a n y P a r is h e s . h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fo u r t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on m eth od o f w ag e p a y m en t; p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . $ 2 . 30 to $ 2. 40; and 5 at $ 2 . 40 and o v e r . Table 34. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services- -New York, N .Y.‘ J (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— une 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num ber of w ork ers T o t a l ----------------------------------------- 2 5 ,5 9 7 W o m e n -------------------------------- 1 4 ,3 6 5 M en ------------------------------------ 1 1 ,2 3 2 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s :r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— A verage TT7T5 J T 7 Z T $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1760 $1770 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2720 $2. 30 $2740 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 $3. 00 h o u r ly U n der and and ea rn $1. 15 u n d er in g s 2 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1.4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $ 3 .0 0 o v e r 911 4 16 495 1523 1237 286 5250 4126 1124 2107 1363 744 1467 911 556 2818 1821 997 1751 1214 537 1530 882 648 1500 712 788 732 353 379 1198 47 3 725 646 87 559 687 195 492 395 130 265 - 2 1 1 1 1 21 8 8 13 13 181 154 133 21 27 27 188 124 107 17 64 64 163 154 136 18 9 9 91 56 40 16 35 35 38 18 5 13 20 19 97 89 83 6 8 8 107 19 16 3 88 88 45 40 31 9 5 5 6 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 22 21 20 1 1 1 - _ _ 10 10 - 227 227 _ 647 646 1 109 109 _ 86 84 2 207 188 19 92 59 33 98 76 22 15 2 13 77 77 _ 5 2 3 - - - - - - - - 14 6 16 16 44 6 6 1 1 - - - 15 15 - 18 18 - 44 36 8 92 72 20 36 32 4 8 7 1 17 15 2 6 5 1 11 10 1 4 4 - $ 1 .7 2 1. 55 1 .9 4 92 66 26 9 66 686 580 106 280 278 1. 57 1 .5 4 1 .5 4 1. 56 1. 62 1 .6 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 ,5 7 4 1 ,4 8 0 94 1 .4 5 1 .4 4 1. 67 _ 151 1 .9 6 48 30 18 71 57 14 658 84 574 703 15 688 189 6 183 205 103 102 18 18 740 46 694 - 1 1 - _ - _ - _ _ - _ - - _ - 1 1 - - _ _ _ - - - - 35 - - - 6 - - - 4 4 - - - - - - 358 38 320 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ---------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------W o m e n ------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------E x tra ctor o p era tors, p o w e r la u n d ry (a ll m e n ) ----T i m e ----------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------------F i n i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h i n e --------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ---------- --------———— I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r ( a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------I d e n t i f i e r s ------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (7 8 w o m e n and 33 m e n )-----T im e ———— —----- ---------—— M a r k e r s ----------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c l e a n i n g --------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----- _ _ _ 255 218 37 1. 60 1. 61 1 .5 9 - - 4 , 217 3 ,7 9 4 2 ,4 6 0 1 ,3 3 4 423 352 71 1 .4 3 1 .4 3 1 .4 0 1 .5 1 1 .4 0 1. 37 1 .5 6 3 3 3 _ - 15 4 4 11 11 - 4 4 4 _ - 46 46 35 11 _ - 316 286 254 32 30 30 - 2101 1867 1573 294 ,2 3 4 222 12 552 477 243 234 75 70 5 272 269 79 190 3 1 2 411 367 94 273 44 14 30 20 3 194 40 154 9 9 106 95 41 54 11 11 150 145 85 60 5 4 1 21 21 1 20 - 8 8 8 - 5 5 2 3 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 1 - - - - 1 1 1 - 43 367 57 39 310 301 9 2. 31 1 .4 5 1 .4 5 1 .4 9 1 .4 5 1 .4 4 1 .7 3 - - 4 4 4 - 1 1 - 31 3 3 28 28 - 139 22 6 117 115 2 60 12 11 48 48 - 54 5 5 49 49 - 28 6 6 22 22 - 21 3 3 18 17 1 14 1 1 13 11 2 12 4 3 3 1 1 9 9 7 2 - 11 2 1 1 1 1 2 - 3 - 5 - 3 - - - - - 37 - 111 109 4 06 215 178 37 191 181 1 .4 9 1 .4 9 1 .7 8 1. 71 1 .7 3 1 .6 0 1 .8 7 1 .8 5 - - 33 - 24 23 8 4 4 31 4 4 27 23 - - - 23 23 - - 56 33 33 23 23 - - 4 4 4 - - - 24 24 101 69 68 1 32 32 - - 4 4 1 1 8 8 8 - - - 25 24 18 6 1 - - 33 33 2 2 33 12 9 3 21 21 4 - - 13 13 11 7 3 4 4 4 8 - - 23 23 10 10 9 1 - 23 - - 24 23 47 40 30 10 7 6 - - - 8 4 4 4 - - _ _ - _ - 4 _ _ 4 4 1 ,0 6 3 1 ,0 1 2 903 109 51 1 .8 0 1 .7 9 1 .7 5 2. 10 1 .9 5 - - - 156 156 156 - 12 12 12 _ 105 105 105 - 38 38 38 - 64 64 64 - 74 74 52 22 12 12 12 - 133 133 133 - 63 63 63 - - _ _ - - 2 2 _ 2 - " ■ " 60 48 48 12 - " 21 8 8 13 203 203 203 - * 83 58 36 22 25 10 10 10 - " 27 26 26 1 S e e fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le _ - - - - * - ' Table 34. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— New York, N.Y.1 Continued — (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— une 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num ber of w ork ers A verN u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— age $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 Jpl. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $1740 W 7 4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $1790 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 .2 0 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $27701 $ 2 .8 0 '$3. 00 h o u r ly U nder and ea rn and $ 1 .1 5 u n d er in g s 13 24 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $2 . 80 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 o v e r S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s — C on tin u ed P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g ---------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ----- —----- ------- --------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------M e n --------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n ce n tiv e -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s -------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------M en 5 ------------------------------------6 P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) --------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------M e n ---------------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------S p otters, gen era l ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W o m en — ——— —— ——— M e n ---------------------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l (1 2 w o m e n and 30 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) 5 ------------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ) --------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d l e ------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------- Tim e 2 ,1 8 3 $ 2 . 19 808 1 .7 7 410 1. 59 398 1 .9 5 1 ,3 7 5 2. 44 479 1 .9 3 896 2. 71 1 1 1 _ - 2 _ _ - 7 7 7 - 53 43 17 26 361 151 151 - 92 92 26 - 17 17 _ 17 - 210 - 2 - 2 1 1 11 0 73 170 33 88 36 22 20 12 19 22 22 20 51 12 21 12 19 69 63 39 150 71 79 9 156 154 30 124 79 106 66 - 106 10 66 2 13 96 _ 13 3 _ 3 9 129 129 5 124 - 75 72 57 57 76 61 22 11 20 1 50 3 41 15 1 1 2 46 - 40 39 _ 39 - 4 1 20 34 4 33 4 _ 10 1 5 23 16 16 - 136 119 78 41 17 13 4 84 80 65 15 4 _ 4 318 157 131 26 118 116 53 63 437 426 229 197 - 112 112 12 100 330 321 31 66 378 290 130 160 290 88 2 - 11 59 55 50 5 4 170 166 77 89 4 46 36 19 17 30 28 182 181 92 89 1 1 9 8 20 2 2 1 _ 10 - 10 2 ,4 2 4 2 ,0 3 6 719 1 ,3 1 7 388 1. 53 1 .5 5 1 .4 2 1. 63 1 .4 1 63 42 42 _ 1 ,1 12 1 .7 4 9 36 369 567 176 53 123 1 .4 3 1 .8 0 2 . 20 1 .8 9 2. 33 15 15 15 - 20 20 20 20 20 20 - - 17 14 14 3 3 - 3 3 417 25 392 2. 27 1 . 59 2. 31 - - - - - - _ - _ . _ 45 29 197 59 16 43 138 97 41 97 69 43 26 28 24 4 77 53 24 33 4 29 6 _ 1 .6 6 21 _ 1 10 2 2 8 g - 5 5 9 3 6 16 1 123 38 g 14 11 1 12 1 63 48 _ 48 15 _ 10 10 70 4 5 22 4 2 14 66 3 6 8 6 33 33 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 10 22 _ 22 45 31 17 _ 17 14 _ 14 15 2 5 32 26 26 6 6 20 67 35 _ 35 32 5 27 - 10 1 5 33 20 _ 20 25 5 33 _ 10 2 2 189 - 34 1 38 37 _ 189 _ 189 1 37 33 _ 33 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 14 5 9 5 _ 5 3 _ 3 9 3 _ 3 6 _ 6 194 _ _ _ 194 _ _ 4396 28 _ _ _ _ _ 29 14 _ 14 15 _ 15 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 _ 42 2 .0 8 _ - _ - _ 4 - 2 12 _ 2 4 _ _ 4 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 271 226 209 1 .4 9 1 .5 0 1. 50 - - _ - - 26 46 21 21 47 41 41 46 45 33 34 32 31 7 5 5 12 12 12 1 20 20 50 48 44 1 1 1 _ - - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 .8 8 _ _ _ . 12 12 48 15 31 31 9 5 5 4 4 15 13 23 15 15 8 8 19 18 _ _ 2 1 10 2 2 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ 6 12 4 4 _ _ " 24 24 13 4 4 9 9 30 25 _ " 57 32 28 25 25 18 18 29 38 1 .8 9 1. 54 1. 50 1 .4 9 1 . 61 1 . 61 4 4 _ _ 18 19 2 28 368 1 367 _ _ _ 230 1 1 - 406 248 231 158 155 _ _ - 21 21 21 _ _ 2 2 99 75 73 24 24 5 5 76 62 60 14 14 10 33 33 6 1 _ 28 28 21 20 17 14 3 _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ 10 10 _ _ _ " _ _ _ _ - - _ _ 1 T h e N ew Y o r k S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f N ew Y o r k C ity (B r o n x , K in g s , N ew Y o r k , Q u e e n s , and R ich m o n d C ou n ties); and N a s s a u , R o c k la n d , S u ffo lk , and W e s t c h e s t e r C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fo u r t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 6 at $ 3 to $ 3 .1 0 and 1 at $ 3 . 4 0 to $ 3 . 5 0 . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 71 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 1 0 ; 37 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 . 2 0 ; 37 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 . 3 0 ; 193 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 . 4 0 ; 4 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 . 6 0 ; 5 at $ 3 .6 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 4 at $ 3 . 7 0 to $ 3 . 8 0 ; 4 at $ 4 to $ 4 . 1 0 ; 33 at $ 4 .1 0 to $ 4 . 2 0 ; 4 at $ 4 . 4 0 to $ 4 . 5 0 ; and 4 at $ 4 .9 0 to $ 5 . 5 I n s u ffic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s by m e th o d o f w ag e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n tly t im e w o r k e r s . 6 W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10. * CO Table 35. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services- •Newark and Jersey City, N j! * (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W nmftn ---------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- Num b er of w ork ers A verage h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 2 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— " $ I . ' 2 F $1. 30 i m r and U n der $1. 25 u n d er $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 5, 810 4 , 287 1 ,5 2 3 $1. 65 1. 54 28 26 1 .9 6 2 216 1. 51 _ $ 1 .9 0 $ 1 .4 5 $2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 604 551 53 497 446 51 8 8 8 32 28 14 13 71 59 59 49 49 49 148 144 140 39 35 33 38 36 23 37 25 25 - - - - - 246 236 6 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 6o $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 and $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 684 660 24 409 366 43 $2700 1 $ 2 . 10 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1.8 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $2. 90 $ 3 .0 0 over 589 451 138 410 284 126 298 400 193 207 61 11 98 30 68 34 18 16 10 68 12 50 59 15 44 41 2 10 88 97 55 42 78 683 285 29 37 4 33 40 40 13 13 119 26 93 68 25 14 9 _ - . 1 _ - - . - - - 21 11 5 1 59 53 107 107 107 18 48 47 45 9 9 9 1 1 - 6 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - 3 - - - - - - 1 - 6 6 15 - - 4 - - _ _ _ _ . _ - _ _ - 1 - - - - - - - - 2 968 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ------------------------------ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , 522 4 83 471 1. 50 1. 44 1 .4 3 1. 43 1 1 45 2 . 29 - _ 10 69 W o m e n ______________________ I d e n t i f ie r s ---------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------M a r k e r s (1 5 8 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) ------------------------------ :-----T i m e ------------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , h a n d , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g ---------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------M e n __________________________ T i m e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------l i m e - ——------------— ------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) (a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------------1 i m e ----- -— -------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )---------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ) -------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (1 1 8 w o m e n and 6 m e n ) -------T i m e ------------------------------------- 7 92 394 96 78 34 1 .4 4 1. 39 1 .4 8 1 .5 4 1 .4 9 1 .6 0 12 68 17 11 11 63 5 1 1 1 22 22 4 - 11 11 2 - 3 - g 188 135 53 228 140 88 5 16 2 86 1 .4 9 1 .4 0 1 - 25 24 6 1 1 . 60 1 1 5 40 27 13 17 9 76 35 20 1 .9 8 2 . 20 - - - 3 3 383 253 174 130 98 1 .9 1 1 .7 9 1. 59 2. 14 2 . 06 - 42 42 42 _ - 42 42 42 _ - 4 4 3 _ - 705 152 553 1. 67 - 7 20 1 .7 3 - 45 28 17 5 11 g 14 340 77 263 1. 65 1. 44 1 .7 1 11 4 7 11 8 20 80 52 1. 53 1 .4 4 1 .4 4 - 124 110 124 113 61 T6 45 4 3 2 3 - 5 2 1 2 157 136 69 16 g 61 12 6 2 2 2 1 12 6 2 2 g 3 2 2 1 1 4 - 1 9 9 - 1 1 1 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 21 30 31 14 17 17 12 1 19 134 3 22 2 1 16 2 16 4 6 17 12 - 1 2 - 9 4 4 - 1 4 - - - - - 4 4 - 6 6 - - - - 2 2 1 1 12 12 11 12 10 8 - - - 2 2 - 25 25 22 5 4 3 3 106 57 52 49 31 8 12 6 21 21 7 7 3 - 19 - 22 22 6 33 - 20 75 54 92 30 62 126 23 103 107 149 13 107 149 13 62 44 18 43 47 22 19 10 14 5 3 - 6 3 - - - - 10 39 43 22 19 10 14 5 3 - 6 3 - - - - 10 4 3 16 12 1 - - - - - - - - - 4 - - - - 1 8 7 9 4 1 - - 3 6 5 14 3 - - 11 11 - - - 1 - 15 15 2 1 6 6 1 10 - - 4 4 6 “ - ~ ~ " - “ - 8 28 21 2 2 7 46 15 31 2 2 2 1 1 1 29 29 27 4 - 1 .9 2 1. 89 - 1 1 - - 15 15 2 2 26 26 1 1 20 1. 56 1 .5 5 - 1 1 7 7 28 24 7 5 10 10 17 17 11 11 33 33 " 6 4 1 1 4 4 4 17 - “ - 6 1 11 11 - 4 4 - 5 4 - 3 3 - - - 2 22 - - 1 1 - - - 2 22 - - 1 1 - - - 6 21 5 13 13 23 2 23 2 1 - - - - " 14 - 8 3 1 T h e N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a s c o n s is t o f E s s e x , H u d son , M o r r i s , and U n ion C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s o f th e in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id o n a t im e b a s i s . Table 36. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Omaha, Nebr.—Iow a1 (N u m b e r and s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , J u ly 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- N u m ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly U nder e a r n in g s 2 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 0 and u n d er $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .0 5 $1. 10 $ 1 .1 5 ^ 1 . 2 0 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2. 20 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2. 20 over and 1 ,1 7 2 1 ,0 0 2 170 $ 1 .2 9 1 .2 3 1. 66 16 14 2 165 152 13 61 59 2 109 106 3 126 126 - 118 109 9 134 125 9 75 70 5 58 56 2 33 27 6 47 45 2 75 57 18 40 19 21 37 25 12 22 8 14 9 1 8 25 3 22 59 56 1. 15 1. 13 - 20 20 5 5 _ 12 12 6 6 7 7 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 - 14 8 _ _ 14 8 _ _ _ _ _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (2 w o m e n and 10 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) - E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s, p o w e r la u n d r y , (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------F i n i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e --------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------M a r k e r s ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y cle a n in g --------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) --------------I n c e n t iv e ---------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (a ll w o m e n ) ----T im e ----------------------------------S p o tte rs, g e n e ra l (11 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (7 w o m e n and 3 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (1 w o m a n and 31 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------ - 217 1. 21 27 12 42 15 14 38 25 24 4 6 7 1 _ 2 _ _ _ 12 1 .7 9 - - - _ _ 1 _ _ 1 _ _ 3 _ 1 3 3 _ 6 1. 63 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ 96 91 80 1. 11 1. 11 1. 10 - 29 29 29 6 6 6 13 11 9 13 13 10 32 29 23 1 1 1 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 1 - _ 11 1 .2 8 _ _ _ 5 _ 1 1 _ 3 _ 1 _ 47 1. 18 6 3 1 21 4 2 4 2 _ 4 _ _ 91 79 66 1. 58 1 .5 5 1. 52 - 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 4 4 6 5 5 4 4 3 27 24 20 75 63 1. 28 1 .2 9 - _ _ _ 20 20 8 8 12 10 9 3 8 5 4 3 4 4 2 2 1 1 66 58 1. 18 1. 14 - 10 10 6 6 12 12 9 9 10 10 3 2 9 9 1 1 _ 4 _ _ _ - 13 1. 55 - - _ _ _ _ _ 3 2 _ 10 1. 16 4 3 - _ _ 1 - _ _ 32 1. 85 - - - _ _ 1 1 - - 10 1. 16 4 ■ " 1 2 1 ■ 1 1 " _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 7 _ 15 _ - " 23 19 16 3 2 1 1 1 4 4 3 3 _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ 2 _ 5 ■ 8 7 5 _ _ * T h e O m a h a S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f D o u g la s and S a rp y C o u n tie s , N e b r . , and P o tta w a tta m ie C ou n ty, Iow a . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s on a tim e b a s is . _ _ " - _ 2 _ _ - c o v e r e d b y th e study w e r e pa id Table 37. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N.J.* (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- of w ork ers h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 $1. 25 U nder $1. 25 2, 553 1, 933 6 20 $1. 74 1 . 60 2. 17 2 2 107 97 70 1 . 61 1 . 60 _ _ $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 ^ 1 . 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 und er $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 and over 249 218 31 153 144 9 521 443 78 180 134 46 131 97 34 184 148 36 85 60 25 95 61 34 90 41 49 76 48 28 105 47 58 23 9 6 21 4 17 1 17 7 11 1 10 17 6 37 16 21 221 12 16 365 12 12 12 11 11 11 13 13 19 13 3 3 5 5 10 1 1 3 3 1 1 2 2 _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 11 18 17 15 59 - 29 - 23 3 - 59 4 . > _ 3 - _ _ _ 3 _ 9 3 _ _ 2 4 4 3 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 5 _ _ _ - 45 41 27 23 16 16 25 25 21 21 6 5 11 8 l - - - - - 2 4 - 2 2 1 _ _ _ 3 _ 4 _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ 4 3 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 4 4 29 16 37 27 27 _ _ _ _ _ 12 1 1 11 11 27 _ 5 27 3 24 182 157 25 78 76 9 9 _ _ 2 233 2 71 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (2 2 3 w o m e n and 6 m en ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ) 4 --------F in i s h e r s , f l a t w o r k , T im e __ __ ___ F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r ( a l l m e n ; a l l t im e w o r k e r s )— I d e n t ifie r s (4 5 w o m e n and 32 m e n ) ----------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------M a r k e r s ------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------M e n --------------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a l l w o m e n ) ---------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) (a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------------T im e ------------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (l a u n d r y )--------------------------------W o m e n 4 ------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a l l m e n )---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (68 w o m e n an d 7 m e n ) -----------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------- 2 a t im e 3 $ 3 .8 0 ; 4 5 1. 50 229 26 2 . 21 _ - 39 _ 293 225 45 1. 38 1 57 54 2 83 83 16 2. 33 - - - - 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 72 57 54 55 48 _ - 284 180 128 104 42 62 2 . 29 28 29 - 396 174 1 . 69 1. 51 l ! 82 _ 77 39 74 56 53 222 150 1. 41 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 3. 94 08 88 82 1. 65 1. 53 1. 75 19 1 . 61 68 - 5 4 9 5 5 6 2 6 4 4 _ - _ _ _ _ 3 1 - 1 3 1 2 2 _ _ - 2 1 5 3 3 4 4 9 7 7 2 7 1 4 - 12 10 7 5 35 29 29 1 1 1 1 3 3 33 33 9 _ _ 6 6 6 9 8 8 8 3 3 _ 16 16 16 _ _ _ _ _ 10 13 9 1 12 1 174 13 7 9 2 1 1 _ 20 20 2 37 1l 7 ■Q 18 5 25 18 47 24 24 _ 1 53 6 11 46 24 24 6 9 5 4 41 36 5 39 9 30 11 14 7 7 4 4 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 10 6 1 _ 9 _ 9 1 13 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 13 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 4 4 - 2 2 2 - - 1 14 10 14 10 - 1 2 1 1 - 2 9 - 1 - 2 8 1 6 3 3 - 3 3 4 4 - 6 - - - - - 1 - 11 20 11 11 _ 2 11 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 _ 3 3 _ 12 1 - 1 _ _ _ 4 _ 4 3 39 26 26 13 4 - - 1 _ 3 5 5 5 _ _ _ 6 6 1 _ _ _ - - - _ . _ 2 _ - - - 1 - - 1 - - - - - 1 - 1 ■ " " " _ 10 1. 34 62 52 2. 05 2. 03 - - - - - - 12 12 - 6 6 4 4 1 2 - - 9 5 5 3 22 22 - - - 75 57 1. 52 1. 44 - 9 9 - 7 7 24 24 7 4 15 11 3 4 " - 2 - - - - 2 - - " “ " " 2 1 - _ - _ - _ _ _ 1 T h e P a t e r s o n -C lif t o n —P a s s a i c S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B e r g e n and P a s s a ic C o u n tie s. E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s, and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 a t $ 3 to $ 3 . 10; 11 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; 3 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 1 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 40; 5 at $ 3 . 50 to $ 3 . 60; 12 at $ 3 . 60 to $ 3 . 70; 1 at $ 3 . 70 to 9 a t $ 4 . 1 0 to $ 4 . 2 0 ; 10 at $ 4 . 4 0 to $ 4 . 5 0 ; and 12 at $ 4 .5 0 and o v e r . I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 a t $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 4 a t $ 3 . 50 to $ 3 . 60; 9 a t $ 4 . 10 to $ 4 . 20; 10 at $ 4 . 40 to $ 4 . 50; and 3 at $ 4 . 50 and o v e r . Table 38. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Philadelphia, Pa.—N.J.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x N u m ber of w ork ers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s ofA v era ge $1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $TT4b $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $ 2 .3 0 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 8o ~$2. 90 $3. 00 h o u r ly and U n der e a r n in g s 2 and $ 1. 20 u n d er $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o v e r $1. 60 1 .4 9 1. 90 552 532 20 210 207 3 1294 m i 183 1357 1104 253 790 683 107 687 501 186 306 262 44 765 572 193 503 377 126 350 253 97 318 170 148 312 187 125 320 110 210 419 369 305 64 1 .3 8 1. 37 1 .3 5 1 .4 7 12 12 12 - 18 18 18 - 65 65 64 1 116 82 62 20 89 89 74 15 40 38 33 5 13 13 7 6 28 17 14 3 6 6 3 3 25 24 15 9 3 3 3 - 2 _ - 873 843 1. 32 1 .31 3 298 298 57 57 96 96 29 27 42 42 90 84 13 11 209 207 18 14 9 7 2 - 181 172 1. 87 1. 85 - - - 15 15 - 22 22 - 12 12 10 8 17 17 38 34 1 .5 9 1 .5 3 - 1 1 - - 4 4 12 12 2 2 8 8 1 1 1, 104 1 ,0 4 7 4 10 637 1 .3 3 1. 33 1. 28 1. 37 69 69 62 7 38 38 3 35 457 452 263 189 233 218 54 164 120 91 12 79 53 47 8 39 26 26 1 25 46 46 1 45 13 314 149 82 67 165 150 2. 00 1. 45 1 .4 2 1. 38 1 .4 6 1 .4 8 1 .4 4 2 . 2 - 5 5 1 4 _ - 26 5 5 . 21 21 133 65 42 23 68 66 _ 28 22 18 4 6 6 18 8 2 6 10 10 _ 16 11 6 5 5 5 23 181 99 82 1. 56 1 .3 9 1. 30 1. 51 1 18 17 1 13 12 1 30 25 5 25 18 7 11 7 4 4 20 12 8 20 13 58 23 32 34 - 3 3 3 - 21 21 7 14 - 23 23 4 19 _ 80 65 26 39 15 15 1. 58 1 .4 3 1. 61 8 8 19 15 4 36 30 6 30 4 26 82 8 74 T o t a l ------------------------------------------ 8, 955 W o m e n ---------------------------------- 6 ,4 6 7 M e n ---------------------------------------- 2, 488 135 60 75 238 76 162 183 39 144 2 2 2 _ _ - _ - - 2 - 4 - - - 24 22 1 1 28 26 4 4 43 43 4 4 1 1 - 2 - - 46 44 4 40 11 11 _ 11 _ - 4 4 2 2 - 1 20 5 _ 5 15 13 22 18 4 14 4 3 4 7 7 1 6 _ - _ 21 1 I _ 20 20 2 6 1 I _ 5 3 25 _ 25 15 13 2 11 16 2 14 5 2 3 3 2 2 _ 30 30 6 24 _ 17 17 _ 17 _ _ 11 11 7 4 _ _ 73 38 26 12 35 29 59 51 25 26 8 8 86 4 82 63 6 57 79 1 78 102 44 58 72 3 69 47 12 35 111 24 87 93 40 53 87 44 43 20 1 19 6 1 5 271 101 170 - _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ - _ _ - _ _ - 4 - - - - - - - _ 1 1 1 1 - - 3 - - - - 2 - - - - - - 1 1 - - 1 1 _ 1 - - - - - - - - - 5 _ _ _ 5 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ - _ 3 1 1 _ 2 - 3 _ _ _ _ - 2 2 - 1 _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 _ _ _ 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 108 83 15 68 25 25 102 41 3 38 61 60 107 57 57 50 44 143 54 _ 54 89 60 62 24 _ 24 38 38 84 39 _ 39 45 45 30 11 11 19 19 32 21 _ 21 11 11 58 31 _ 31 27 27 42 42 _ 42 _ - 8 1 _ 1 7 7 3 5 174 1 99 _ 1 99 75 2 2 75 43 1 42 59 59 28 28 11 11 - 9 9 - - - - - - - " ■ ~ ” “ - - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e --------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (8 5 9 w o m e n and 14 m e n ) ----T im e -------------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (5 w o m e n and 176 m e n )---------------------------------T im e -------------------------------------E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s , pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m e n )------------------T im e -------------------------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -I n d e n t i f i e r s ------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------T im e --------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n )4 --------------------------M a r k e r s ( a ll w o m e n )--------------T im e -------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ----------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------T im e - ------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------- 1 ,2 7 0 763 119 644 507 465 727 116 611 2. 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. _ _ _ _ _ S e e fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . 41 Table 38. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Philadelphia, Pa.—N.J.— Continued 0 0 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x N u m ber of w ork ers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g sit r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f A vera ge $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $1".40 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $ 2 .2 0 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2."80 $2. 90 $3. 00 h o u r ly U n der and and e a r n in g s 13 2 $1. 20 u n d er $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o v e r S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s — C on tin u ed P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (3 5 3 w o m e n and 4 m e n )--------T im e --------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e --------------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (3 w o m e n and 71 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------------------S p o t t e r s , s i lk (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------------------M e n ----------------------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry )— M e n 4---------------------------------------7 6 5 W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m en ) — T im e --------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e --------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le --------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------T im e ---------------------------------- 357 105 252 $ 1 .5 1 1. 34 1. 59 _ - 74 2. 06 77 57 2. 36 2. 48 113 59 37 129 88 41 107 95 79 1. 70 1. 41 1 .4 3 1. 78 1. 76 1. 83 1. 34 1. 32 1 .3 1 3 2 1 8 6 2 126 77 49 32 14 18 8 _ 8 21 3 18 60 2 58 _ _ 6 _ 1 _ _ 12 6 _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 12 12 10 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 44 1 3 1 2 5 4 2 20 12 7 7 _ 40 40 34 6 4 _ 4 16 15 13 18 14 13 11 2 11 11 11 _ 3 3 3 3 _ 8 2 " 9 7 24 24 _ 12 8 8 12 10 2 _ _ 3 _ _ 15 7 8 1 1 " 30 1 29 27 _ 27 14 _ 14 _ _ 1 _ 1 _ - _ - _ 1 6 _ - 7 21 21 6 _ _ _ _ 8 68 3 3 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - 6 6 _ - ~ ■ “ ■ 3 _ 3 2 _ 2 _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 22 22 _ _ 40 _ 7 4 3 _ _ _ _ _ 5 1 4 _ _ 5 1 1 4 _ 4 _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ " " " " 7 _ 7 8 _ 8 6 _ 6 _ _ 34 2 _ 6 _ 6 6 12 _ _ 4 2 2 _ _ 6 _ _ 17 7 10 1 1 " ~ 1 _ 1 _ - 1 T h e P h ila d e lp h ia S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B u c k s , C h e s t e r , D e la w a r e , M o n t g o m e r y , and P h ila d e lp h ia C o u n tie s , P a . ; and B u r lin g to n , C a m d e n , and G lo u c e s t e r C o u n t ie s , N. J. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fif t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 49 u n d er $ 1 .0 5 ; 2 at $ 1 .0 5 to $ 1 .1 0 ; 118 at $ 1 .1 0 to $ 1 .1 5 ; and 129 at $ 1 .1 5 to $ 1 .2 0 . 4 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 36 at $3 to $ 3 .1 0 ; 19 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 8 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 .3 0 ; 15 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 8 at $ 3 .4 0 to $ 3 .5 0 ; 17 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 ; 12 at $ 3 .6 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 32 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 3 .8 0 ; 12 at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 ; 8 at $ 3 .9 0 to $4; 6 at $4 to $ 4 .1 0 ; and 1 at $ 4 .8 0 to $ 4 .9 0 . 6 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 3 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 and 5 at $ 3 .4 0 to $ 3 .5 0 . 7 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 4 u n d er $ 1 .0 5 and 8 at $ 1 .1 0 to $ 1 .1 5 . Table 39. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Phoenix, Ariz.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , J u n e 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ---------------------------- -------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------- Num ber of w ork ers A v erN u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— age $0. 75 $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 ^ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 .2 0 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 W 7 4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 ^ 1 0 $2. 20 h o u r ly and ea rn and u n d er in g s 1 2 $0. 80 $0. 85 $0. 90 $0. 95 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $1. 10 $ 1 .1 5 $1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 o v e r 1 ,5 0 2 1 ,1 6 6 336 $1. 30 1. 19 1. 66 28 28 - 82 82 " 72 66 6 89 70 19 15 15 192 167 25 46 45 1 191 173 18 49 44 5 32 27 5 163 145 18 10 9 1 53 45 8 28 23 5 33 15 18 69 50 19 70 45 25 49 25 24 92 47 45 49 40 9 29 1 28 8 1 7 1 _ - 47 44 1. 23 1. 24 - - 2 2 - - 1 _ 1 _ 13 13 3 2 6 6 6 6 1 1 6 6 - - 8 8 _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 70 63 1. 14 1. 15 - 3 3 - 4 4 3 3 17 16 _ _ 24 18 1 1 2 2 1 1 - - 7 7 - 4 4 3 3 _ - 1 1 _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ 240 220 40 32 .9 3 .9 2 1. 13 1 .1 2 18 18 4 4 47 47 2 2 51 51 - 12 12 1 1 - 48 47 4 4 30 22 - 23 13 14 10 7 6 2 1 3 3 1 - 8 6 - 1 1 - _ _ - - 4 4 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 201 133 91 68 65 1 .7 8 1 .7 8 1 .7 4 1 .7 9 1 .8 0 - - - - - 1 1 1 _ - - - 2 2 - - 1 1 1 - - 2 2 - - 4 4 - 8 4 4 4 4 44 26 26 18 17 22 21 21 1 1 75 38 38 37 37 37 36 _ 1 1 1 _ _ 1 1 3 _ 3 3 _ _ _ - 1 _ _ 1 1 97 35 62 1. 30 1. 11 1 .4 1 _ _ 6 6 2 2 2 2 6 4 2 2 2 26 26 _ 1 1 4 3 1 3 3 2 2 5 1 4 3 1 2 3 3 23 23 4 _ 4 _ _ 1 1 _ 1 _ 1 1 1 _ _ _ 2 _ 2 131 54 77 1. 14 1. 12 1. 15 6 6 - 2 2 _ 4 4 3 3 - 2 _ 2 24 10 14 9 _ 9 18 11 7 15 4 11 6 4 2 25 8 17 4 2 2 3 1 2 4 _ 4 1 1 1 3 _ 2 _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 12 53 49 45 1 .4 0 1. 59 1 .6 1 1 .6 4 - _ - - - - 1 - - 1 - _ " ~ ~ ■ 1 1 _ 1 1 1 _ 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 3 1 1 1 _ _ “ _ 8 8 8 _ - 9 9 9 _ - _ 6 4 2 3 - 5 5 5 3 _ - _ 2 2 2 2 - _ 1 1 1 _ - - 52 3 1 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (4 6 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) -----------------------------T im e ------------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W o m e n ---------------------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ( a ll w o m e n ) -----------T im e ------------------------------------M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------T im e ------------------------------------I n ce n tiv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (129 w o m e n and 2 m e n ) -------T i m e -------------------------------------In c e n tiv e -----------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (1 w o m a n and 11 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ----------------M e n ---------------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------- 3 3 3 1 T h e P h o e n ix S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a r ic o p a C ounty. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . a t im e b a s is . ~ 3 " _ _ 3 3 3 A p p r o x im a t e ly fo u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on Tabic 40. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Pittsburgh, Pa.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num b er of ers T o t a l __ ____ _______________ W o m e n ______ M en __ __ _ _______ N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— A verh o u r ly U n d er ea rn $ 1 . 00 in g s 2 4 , 328 3, 393 935 $ 1. 42 1 .3 3 1. 74 $ 1 . 00 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 . 40 $2. 50 1 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 and and un d er $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $ 1 .2 5 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 o v e r 18 344 286 58 202 126 7 57 55 133 128 195 192 3 6 47 44 4 591 77 17 37 41 41 33 148 148 12 2 668 189 13 266 259 7 408 326 82 5 38 20 98 98 17 16 572 549 23 314 191 123 23 26 73 73 27 27 256 225 31 145 109 36 34 82 21 10 8 1 26 18 18 17 22 60 64 4 60 21 6 28 7 21 1 16 82 19 63 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ > _ _ 7 3 24 6 8 - - - - - 3 32 1 - - - - 1 4 - 2 - 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 - 42 _ - _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 4 3 _ 42 17 _ _ _ _ 87 155 91 64 24 4 3 14 14 6 6 249 16 2 33 7 31 _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (167 w o m e n and 18 m e n ; a ll 185 C l e r k s , r e t a i l r e c e iv in g ( a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ............................................... D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ____________ F i n i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (340 w o m e n and 13 m e n ) ___ F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) .. I d e n t ifie r s (7 4 w o m e n and T im e _ ______ ____________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __ T i m e __ __ — _____ P r e s s e r s , h a n d , d r y c le a n in g (124 w o m e n and 5 m e n )_____ T im e __ ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g _ ____________ — W o m e n . ___ _________________ T im e _____________________ M e n _____________ ___________ T im e __ _ _______ _ __________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ___ ___________ _ _ _ ___ Ti ma I n c e n t iv e __ ___________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (88 w o m e n and 2 m e n ) --------I n c e n t i v e ____________ _____ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (12 w o m e n and 14 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------ ------ ----T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) W nmAn _ _ __ __ W nmon M en _ _____ __ — __ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (152 w o m e n and 16 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) . --------- ----- 2 a t im e 3 4 1 . 18 1 . 18 _ 1 135 2 . 01 - - - 25 - 3 1 - - 1 1 - 24 353 333 1. 27 1. 27 _ 19 18 _ 19 18 51 51 68 68 72 17 14 30 27 63 57 13 13 _ 1 1 14 2 . 19 - - - - - - - - - - - 5 - 138 131 1 33 1. 33 _ 5 5 1 _ 7 7 10 8 55 55 10 8 11 ]1 12 12 15 14 6 6 5 4 30 82 79 1. 31 1 . 20 1. 19 - 2 - - 5 5 5 23 23 1 7 7 6 6 1 2 2 14 4 3 2 3 3 1 1 1 _ 25 25 - 3 3 6 129 114 1 .7 1 1. 51 _ - _ 5 5 _ - 18 18 - _ 13 13 40 40 13 13 _ 25 25 - 13 13 13 - 22 22 15 - 27 27 27 70 69 62 56 48 44 78 64 63 56 3 _ _ 63 64 64 60 _ - _ - _ 1 1 8 8 12 12 _ 1 1 2 2 _ 13 13 13 13 13 _ _ _ 32 24 8 26 166 160 6 36 21 _ _ _ _ 4 4 5 _ _ 15 6 53 47 6 23 26 10 23 _ _ _ _ 4 4 5 _ _ 7 6 1 3 11 21 10 8 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 1 15 6 6 4 1 1 7 4 1 1 8 4 4 3 4 3 3 1 _ - 1 - _ _ _ _ _ 10 _ 13 _ _ 1 1 7 7 1 1 6 7 9 7 4 2 5 2 4 5 1 1 7 2 2 8 6 7 5 10 13 5 6 6 1 2 2 16 10 6 6 6 2 6 4 10 6 13 5 6 1 30 8 8 44 7 1 3 66 2 . 08 _ - 5 5 3 - I - - 1. 94 _ - _ - 403 329 74 1. 31 1 . 26 1. 53 _ 19 19 90 40 50 1. 54 1. 35 1 .6 9 - - _ _ _ - 478 397 360 81 55 1 . 68 1 . 60 1. 59 26 1. 84 1 .4 8 1. 30 1 ! 61 168 1. 29 - 14 14 _ 1. 44 1. 34 1. 58 114 47 67 _ 1 1 3 3 _ 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 _ _ 15 2 13 2 2 5 “ 10 10 _ 24 2 _ 13 31 18 66 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ w ere p a id on T h e P it t s b u r g h S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A lle g h e n y , B e a v e r , W a sh in g to n , and W e s t m o r e la n d C o u n tie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o l l o w s : 19 at $ 2 . 80 to $ 2 . 90 and 13 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20. W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 5 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10; 5 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 2 0; and 5 at $ 3. 30 to $ 3. 4 0. 4 15 , 42 25 17 ^o11 fimotirnrlrors ^ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___ 1. 33 667 655 1 _ Table 41. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services--- Portland, Oreg.—Wash. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , A p r i l— a y 1966) M N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t i m e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T ota l W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------- N u m ber of w ork ers A v era ge h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 2 U n der $ 1 . 50 $ 1. 50 and und er $ 1 . 60 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 T O T $ 2 .7 0 $ 2. 80 $ 2 . 80 over and 1 ,6 6 7 1 ,3 0 5 362 $ 1 . 86 1 .7 3 2. 34 10 5 5 296 268 28 479 434 45 299 271 28 106 106 - - - 36 30 110 104 56 1. 68 1. 60 1 .7 5 1 .7 6 2. 53 _ - 2 2 - 19 17 12 6 - 15 11 72 72 - _ 26 26 - > - $ 2 . 70 167 154 13 40 35 5 31 25 6 34 2 32 55 4 51 72 1 71 9 _ 9 4 _ 4 65 65 _ - _ - . - _ - _ - _ _ - - _ - - _ _ 4 _ 4 - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s -----------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -------W o m e n ---------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n ) ---------E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s, p o w e r la u n d ry (a ll m e n ) -----F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ) -----------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g (1 5 4 w o m e n and 3 m e n )-------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s (a ll w o m e n ) ----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l ( l a u n d r y ) ----------------W o m e n ---------------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (4 w o m e n and 2 m e n ) -----------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ) ----------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d l e ------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------- 1 2 - - - - - 3 20 25 - 23 2. 35 - - - - - - - - - 17 6 - - - 194 1. 55 - 181 12 _ _ _ 1 - - _ _ - _ _ 16 42 1. 75 1. 69 - - 1 - - - 20 15 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 157 2. 08 - - - - 3 - 117 12 25 - - - - _ 129 1 .8 2 - - 54 9 40 _ - 26 - - _ _ _ _ 106 92 1. 68 1 .6 9 - - 79 65 9 9 18 18 - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ 6 2. 49 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 27 29 23 2. 46 1 .6 1 1. 61 - - - _ 1 _ 16 3 4 3 _ 7 10 7 _ _ - 15 13 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - " - " - - - " 22 - - T h e P o r t la n d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C la c k a m a s , M u ltn om a h , and W a sh in g ton C o u n t ie s , O r e g .; and C la r k C ou n ty , W a sh . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . V ir t u a lly a ll o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a tim e b a s is . Table 42. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Rochester, N.Y.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- of w ork ers 1, 8 75 1, 539 336 h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 2 $1. 25 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 . 46 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ L 80 under $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 $1. 65 1. 57 2 . 00 2 2 59 58 - 1 50 45 44 38 03 _ - - $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . i a $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 . 4(5 $ 2 . 56 $ 2 . 6 o $2. 70 $2780 $ 2 . 90 $3. 06 and 161 158 3 234 223 361 355 11 6 1 1 9 9 9 70 70 70 5 24 24 24 14 198 - - 107 94 13 240 2 12 28 148 133 15 81 38 43 50 31 19 24 20 4 87 23 64 142 87 55 46 26 20 11 6 5 11 7 4 64 43 21 8 2 6 2 1 1 4 4 - 8 2 6 over 25 14 11 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) 3 ----5 4 C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -------W o m e n — ----------------------------T im e ------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n )3 -------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e 31 362 359 335 16 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 61 59 I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — W o m e n 3 ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y cle a n in g ---------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) -----------------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ----------------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (6 w o m e n and 7 m e n ) ----------------------------------T im e ------------------------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (4 w o m e n and 5 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll m en ) 3 -------------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; — — ——— — —— —— 9 53 51 62 1. 50 1. 50 250 147 85 62 103 2. 11 2 . 06 15 15 1. 40 1. 39 21 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 87 32 19 98 178 138 2 . 00 1. 85 71 33 38 1. 46 1. 38 1. 53 13 2 . 18 11 2. 15 9 9 41 34 1. 54 1. 55 Q 7 1 2 2 _ 1 _ 18 18 18 9 9 - - - 2 - 4 4 4 4 4 4 198 1 11 11 11 - - 7 18 18 4 3 3 3 - - 198 1 4 3 2 _ - 1 - 10 10 8 2 98 59 50 9 39 _ - _ - 8 8 _ _ _ - 1 1 - - - - 1 - - - 3 6 9 3 2 4 1 2 1 8 2 1 1 _ _ - - 6 - - 6 6 _ 4 4 _ - - - - - 1 1 4 4 4 2 20 10 2 2 2 4 10 10 5 10 1 - - 1 1 2 (., 3 1 10 7 1 5 2 20 20 - - 2 1 1 - 2 2 2 2 - 27 27 27 - 3 8 29 7 2 12 2 3 2 - - _ _ 2 2 10 - 1 1 27 - 2 1 1 7 - - - - 2 1 1 10 6 5 - 1 1 14 14 5 5 6 6 9 9 13 13 3 9 1 11 - 2 2 _ - - - 1 1 13 5 1 24 1 1 2 - 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 26 26 17 17 4 4 - 28 28 - 6 2 2 - 1 4 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 13 15 17 3 4 - - 8 - 3 3 - - 3 - 9 1 - - - - - 4 - - 9 - - 7 2 1 - 2 12 1 8 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 2 2 - _ - _ - - 2 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 1 4 4 - - - - 1. 58 - - 1 1 - - 1 5 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - 1. 91 - - - - - - 1 2 2 - - 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - 3 3 q 7 2 1 4 2 2 11 10 10 10 8 1 T h e R o c h e s t e r S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L iv in g sto n , M o n r o e , O r le a n s , and W a yn e C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly fo u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10; 3 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; 1 at $ 3 . 40 to $ 3 . 50; 4 at $ 3 . 50 to $ 3 . 60; and 1 a t $ 3 . 80 to $ 3 . 90. 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 2 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10; 1 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 1 a t $ 3 . 40 to $ 3. 50; 3 at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 60; and 3 at $ 3. 80 and o v e r . Table 43. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Rockford, 111.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is p r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y 1966) O c c u p a t io n an d s e x Num ber of ers T ota l _ . _ _ W om en _ _ M e n ___________________________ A verh o u r ly earn - Nurrib e r o f w o rk e r s r e c e iv in g i t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— s $ 1 . 00 $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 ~$2. 70 " u n d er $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 589 435 154 $1. 75 1. 50 2 .4 7 12 12 1 1 " “ 30 26 1. 50 1 .4 7 - - 86 1 .4 5 5 1 6 1 .4 2 1. 50 _ 13 - 41 33 1. 93 1. 83 - 44 36 1 . 79 1 . 88 - 7 7 7 7 “ 9 9 - 51 48 3 36 36 - 39 38 48 43 5 40 40 61 60 52 50 45 33 1 - 1 2 12 - 2 2 _ - 5 5 _ - 1 1 1 1 2 2 5 5 9 5 8 2 1 6 5 3 6 16 3 16 18 - - _ - _ - _ _ 3 3 2 2 _ _ - - - - - - 2 2 - 4 4 6 6 8 _ _ 13 7 _ . - - - - 1 _ - 4 . 6 6 _ - 7 5 - - 2 2 6 - 2 1 2 - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - _ _ 4 ' ' - and over _ - - _ 5 1 1 _ - 1 - . - 1 - - $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 8 37 14 23 3 5 2 _ _ 2 1 34 18 16 18 7 11 2 5 6 2 357 1 5 4 57 2 4 6 1 2 2 6 9 3 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) ______ T im e __________________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ) 4 b / I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) .. . _ ... M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) 4 a / ______ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) „ W o m e n _______________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ____________________ I n ce n tiv e ____________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (3 w o m e n and 5 m e n ) 4 a / ____ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll m e n ) „ T im e __________________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ___ 8 14 1. 70 1. 97 8 1 . 89 11 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ 1 1 1 1 3 1. 35 - - 1 2 3 2 ~ _ _ _ 1 . 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 10 7 7 _ 2 3 3 1 3 2 ' - - 4 4 2 - - 1 2 - - - - 1 T he R o c k f o r d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B o o n e and W in n eb a g o C o u n tie s . b a s ^ ClUdeS P rem iU m Pay f ° r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - f if t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a 2 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 3 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 1 at $ 2 .9 0 to $3; 31 at $3 to $ 3 .1 0 ; 1 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 1 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 3 .8 0 ; and 20 at $3 90 to $4 I n s u ff ic ie n t data to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m en t; (a) p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s and (b) p r e d o m in a n t ly in c e n tiv e w o r k e r s . Table 44. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Sacramento, Calif.1 2 (N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n ... . M en _ ....... of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 50 $ l. 6o $ 1. 70 u n d er $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 “ $ 1. 90 $ 2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2 . 30 - $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 30 - $ 2 . 00 $ 2. 20 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2. 80 $ 2. 90 $ 2 . 80 $ 2. 90 over - $ 2. 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2. 70 1, 078 785 293 $ 1. 83 1. 67 2. 26 22 6 16 404 386 18 133 109 24 169 157 12 28 6 22 54 37 17 89 34 55 67 48 19 7 _ 7 23 23 1 1 4 4 1 1 2 2 34 34 43 1. 65 - 8 15 18 2 - - - - - - - - - - 36 2. 42 - - - - 2 - 16 - - 2 - - - - 16 6 2. 10 " " “ “ “ 5 " 1 ' 107 8 1. 55 1. 66 104 " . . “ 134 84 2. 11 2. 08 - 50 1. 58 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (42 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) __________________ D r y c l e a n e r s (2 w o m e n and 34 m e n ) _ ....... E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s, pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m e n ) F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (1 0 4 w o m e n and 3 m e n )________________________ M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ____ __________ ___ W o m e n _____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) __ _____ ___ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (3 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) __________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ) __________________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (13 w o m e n an d 2 m e n ) --------------- 7 2. 28 15 1. 59 3 • . . . . 7 • 1 ' “ - - - - - 52 36 64 48 - 16 - _ 36 14 _ _ _ _ . . - - - - 5 - 3 3 1. 78 15 . 10 - 1 * . ■ • - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 - - . _ 3 1 - 2 - _ “ _ . - 2 - 4 1 T h e S a c r a m e n t o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f P la c e r , S a c r a m e n t o , and Y o lo C o u n tie s . E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A ll o f the in s id e plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . and 40 2 38 Table 45. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Salt Lake City, Utah (N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — June 1966) O c c u p a t io n an d s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ Num ber of w ork ers A verage h o u r ly ea rn in g s 13 2 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— $ 1. 05 and u n d er $ 1. 10 $ 1. 10 $ 1. 15 $ 1. 20 $ 1. 25 $ 1 . 30 $ 1. 35 $ 1. 40 $ 1. 45 $ 1 . 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 £ 2 . 20 $ 1. 15 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1. 25 $ 1. 30 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 45 $ 1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2. 20 over 31 1 30 and 998 839 159 $ 1 .3 9 1. 32 1. 74 34 34 12 12 224 218 6 67 65 2 95 68 27 59 58 1 143 143 35 30 5 12 9 3 199 156 43 17 13 4 8 2 6 7 3 4 8 7 1 46 20 26 1 1 59 1. 29 - - 15 4 5 2 33 - - - - - - - - - 76 1. 23 - - 37 13 9 4 9 - 2 1 - - - 1 - - 8 1. 62 - - - - 1 - - - - 3 2 1 - 1 - - 113 1. 21 2 2 53 14 10 32 - - - - - - - - - - 30 25 1. 32 1. 35 . _ 4 4 1 1 . - _ _ _ _ _ - - 12 12 . “ 1 1 _ - 12 7 - - " - - 59 1. 36 - - 6 5 12 2 4 4 3 23 - - - - - - 40 1 .4 5 - - - - 4 2 2 20 - 5 4 - 2 1 - - 70 67 1. 67 1. 66 - 1 1 - - - “ - 1 1 40 40 4 4 1 1 3 - " - 20 20 - " 114 24 1. 34 1. 53 _ . 8 3 8 8 64 4 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ . - 1 “ _ ' 25 1 - - ~ " " 1 1 104 1. 25 32 10 33 7 5 - 1 - 1 2 1 - 1 7 1 .4 9 - * - - - - 2 1 1 1 - 2 - 8 1. 17 - - 6 1 1 - - - - - - - 33 12 1. 51 1. 79 _ _ . _ 1 _ 20 . ' 2 2 . ■ 2 2 2 2 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (57 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ I d e n t i fie r s (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ M a r k e r s (57 w o m e n an d 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __ P r e s s e r s , h a n d , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) 3________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y cle a n in g (4 5 w o m e n and 25 m e n ) ______________________ T im e ________________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n )3_________________ S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) __ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ________________ M e n _________________________ 1 2 a t im e 3 ' " “ 5 5 - - 11 - - - - - - - - 2 2 . 3 3 1 1 ■ . ’ T h e S a lt L a k e C it y S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f D a v is and S a lt L ak e C o u n tie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on b a s is . I n s u ff ic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . 01 01 Table Occupational Earnings: 46. ! 8) 0 Laundry and Cleaning Services— San Diego, Calif. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- Num ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 2 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — U n d er $ 1 . 30 $TTT0 and u n d er $ 1 .3 5 $ Y .3 5 $ 1 .4 6 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 1 . 40 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 over 20 20 - and 293 253 40 426 399 27 215 201 14 345 316 29 200 137 63 120 96 24 161 115 46 34 2 32 137 16 121 26 26 89 4 85 4 4 - 216 168 48 - 3 3 _ - 2 2 10 10 14 14 66 66 28 24 3 3 - - - - - - - - 2 ,3 4 8 1 ,7 1 3 635 $ 1 . 62 1 .4 9 1 .9 5 2 2 123 119 1 .4 6 1 .4 6 57 57 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll w o m e n ) -------T i m e ------------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (1 2 5 w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------E x tra ctor o p e r a t o r s , pow er la u n d ry (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e — — — — — W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e — — ----------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----- —------ ------------- 1 — M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) -------------T i m e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d ry cle a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ) -----------T i m e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g ---------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) — W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l (8 .w o m e n and 2 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------- -----T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------W a s h e r , m a c h in e ( a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------- 127 1 .4 2 - 40 11 13 4 53 2 4 - - - - - - - - - 40 2. 12 - - 4 - - 2 - - 4 - - 4 22 - - - 4 25 1 .7 0 - - - 2 - 5 2 8 4 4 - - - - - - 238 234 138 1. 38 1. 38 1. 36 - 32 32 32 50 50 50 144 140 52 4 4 4 8 8 - - - - - - - - - - - 51 104 84 1 .4 8 1 .4 4 1 .4 3 - 10 10 8 9 9 8 21 21 7 22 6 24 42 38 4 - - - - - - - - - - - 14 10 1 .8 4 1 .8 4 - - - - - - 2 2 - - 8 4 - 4 4 - - - - - - 322 158 148 1 .8 6 1 .7 3 1. 73 - - - - - 22 22 18 6 6 6 96 86 82 45 42 42 18 2 - 117 - 14 - 4 - - - - - 208 156 1 .4 8 1 .4 6 - 28 28 17 13 25 25 18 2 82 66 38 22 - - - - - - - - - - 173 157 81 76 1. 1. 1. 1. 50 51 37 65 - 24 24 24 - 23 21 21 40 32 32 8 2 2 - - 28 28 2 26 - 38 38 38 - - - 12 12 12 “ - - - - “ - - 10 2. 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 - 2 50 16 1. 47 1. 64 - 2 4 28 - - - - - - 4 4 8 8 - 4 4 - - - - - - - 47 1. 82 “ " " ■ “ 8 4 23 12 1 T h e San D ie g o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f San D ie g o C ou n ty . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . on a t im e b a s is . ' A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s " c o v e r e d b y th e stu d y w e r e p a id Tabic 47. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— San Francisco—Oakland, Calif. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — u ly 1966) J N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ N u m ber of w ork ers h o u r ly U n der e a rn in g s 1 2 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 60 and und er $ 1. 70 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . oo $ 3 . 10 T O T and $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . 00 4 , 985 3, 772 1, 213 $ 2 . 28 2. 09 2. 89 79 27 52 42 34 8 162 155 7 626 616 10 1440 1413 27 4 70 4 56 14 188 162 26 114 98 16 357 316 41 145 47 98 106 12 94 126 70 56 473 252 221 135 17 118 60 59 1 17 17 23 20 3 217 201 2. 09 2. 10 - - - 6 6 47 33 101 99 20 20 12 12 29 29 2 2 - _ _ _ _ _ _ ' ' ' 248 2. 31 4 8 2 21 2 12 - 8 120 12 - 59 . . _ . _ 27 2. 38 - - - - - 2 2 2 8 5 8 - - - - - - 731 723 1. 86 1. 86 - - 91 91 369 369 262 254 7 7 2 2 - - - - - . - - - . . . - . 3 - . - _ _ - - . _ - _ - _ _ _ . . _ _ . $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 3 . 10 $ 3 . 20 over 422 18 404 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ W o m e n .. __________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s, pow er la u n d ry (2 w o m e n and 25 m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) . . F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a ch in e (a ll w o m e n ) __________ T im e ________________________ I d e n t i fie r s (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ M a r k e r s ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) . . W o m e n _____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )_______ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ S p o t t e r s , w o o l ________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) _____ W r a p p e r s , b u n d l e ! __________ M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ___ ' ‘ 66 46 172 163 1. 1. 2. 2. 97 96 09 08 - - 7 2 - 5 5 6 2 28 20 24 24 21 17 88 88 . 23 23 26 26 2 2 - _ 5 - 4 62 307 273 155 145 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 83 81 74 88 82 - - - - 22 22 22 - - - - - - - - 270 186 184 84 82 69 8 8 61 61 59 59 59 . . . . 20 20 . . 22 12 _ 10 2 653 557 96 2. 00 1. 98 2. 15 - - 15 15 - 48 48 - 425 4 02 23 108 90 18 21 2 19 20 20 6 6 9 9 1 1 - . - - - - . - . _ 501 4 96 451 45 16 10 1. 1. 1. 2. 3. 2. 94 93 92 79 00 69 - - 27 27 14 - 20 20 2 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 37 8 8 _ 1 1 1 - - - 383 383 373 - - - 43 43 43 - 7 2 - 19 19 19 - 1 1 - 3 3 1 - _ . - . _ . . 4 34 - 24 18 1. 99 1. 90 - - 5 5 2 2 8 8 2 2 3 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 1 - - - - . _ 142 43 12 2. 53 2. 04 2. 30 - - - 1 ” 2 " 10 - 31 9 9 72 - 5 - 2 - 11 - - 5 - - _ - “ 29 1 6 - " 2 2 " " " “ " • ' * “ - 1 T h e San F r a n c i s c o — a k la n d S ta n da rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A la m e d a , C o n tr a C o s ta , M a r in , San F r a n c i s c o , an d San M a te o C o u n t ie s . O 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 2 at $ 3 . 8 0 to $ 3 . 9 0 and 2 at $ 3 . 9 0 to $ 4 . I n s u ff ic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . Tabic 48. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— San Jose, Calif. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , J u ly 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f — O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- N u m ber of w ork ers A verage h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 18 18 - no 108 2 $ 1 .7 0 ” " $ 1 . 8 0 " $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70” " $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . 00 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 .0 0 over 503 476 27 108 97 11 51 50 1 60 35 25 17 16 1 61 56 5 54 28 26 4 4 " 6 6 _ - 96 1 95 15 U n der $ 1 . 60 " T O T and u n d er $ 1 .7 0 37 7 15 9 15 - and 54 20 34 57 15 42 17 15 2 - - “ 1 ,2 1 6 939 277 $ 2 .0 7 1. 87 2. 76 98 1 .9 6 41 2. 24 - - - - - - 3 36 2 - - - - - - 96 92 1 .7 1 1 .7 1 4 - 30 30 59 59 3 3 - - - - - - - _ ■ “ _ 23 24 19 1 .8 9 1 .9 0 1 .8 9 - - 15 - 19 15 4 4 4 - 3 1 - - 1 - - - - - - _ S e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s A s s e m b l e r s (9 6 w o m e n a n d 2 m e n ) 3 ---------------------------C le r k s , r e ta il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h i n e ( a l l w o m e n ) -----------T i m e ------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------M a r k e r s ( a l l w o m e n ) ------------T i m e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c l e a n i n g (3 1 w o m e n a n d 2 m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g 3 -------------------------M e n 3 ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir ts ( a l l w o m e n ) ----------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) — W o m e n ---------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y ) (4 w o m e n a n d 22 m e n ) 3 -------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (5 w o m e n and 3 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) --------------- —-------------------- _ _ _ ~ ~ ” “ ■ ■ 34 2. 56 - - - - - - - 4 9 6 15 " 56 29 2. 57 2. 65 - - - 1 - - - - - 13 2 - - 40 25 1 1 ■ ~ “ 1 1 34 1 .7 6 1 .7 4 1 .8 8 - - 187 183 4 , 23 12 11 16 16 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - 144 138 134 1 .6 9 1. 69 1. 69 2 2 - 56 56 56 86 80 78 - - - - " - - - - ■ - ~ " ~ - " ~ - 26 2. 39 1 3 - - - 7 - - - ■ _ 15 " “ 19 2. 50 - - - - - 4 1 1 5 2 " 4 " 2 8 1 .8 0 5 3 229 195 ' - _ " - - ' 1 T h e San J o s e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f Santa C la r a C ounty. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s o n a t im e b a s i s . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t d a ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . c o v e r e d b y th e stu d y w e r e p a id Table 49. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Seattle—Everett, Wash.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- Num ber of w ork ers A v era ge h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — U n der $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 . 35 and u n d er $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 . 80 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 . 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 over 85 1 84 and - 497 493 4 207 196 11 65 64 1 40 35 5 172 140 32 86 76 10 39 8 31 3 2 1 209 94 115 63 5 58 60 60 - - - 27 1 - 1 - - - - - - - 57 8 - - 14 - 85 1 - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - 8 16 18 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12 1 - 1 1 52 52 3 3 - 5 5 2 2 94 92 14 10 5 - - - - _ - _ _ _ _ _ 2. 08 - - - - - - - 2 - 1 7 1 - - - _ _ 39 1 .9 5 - - - - - - - 30 1 - 6 2 - - - - - 124 69 55 2. 45 2 .4 5 2. 46 _ - - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ - - _ - - 17 17 - 18 _ 18 _ - 89 52 37 _ _ _ _ _ 228 199 1 .7 7 1 .7 6 1 - - 8 8 - 4 4 - 161 161 42 18 10 8 2 - - - - - - _ - _ _ _ - 79 69 1 .7 6 1 .7 2 1 1 - 9 9 - 2 2 1 - 56 54 3 2 3 - 1 1 - - 1 - 1 1 - - - 1 ,8 4 3 1 ,4 0 7 436 $ 2 . 02 1 .8 5 2. 59 49 43 6 80 80 14 14 - 124 106 18 29 1 .9 0 - - - 205 1 .7 9 16 24 48 _ - 2. 55 - 176 165 1. 65 1. 63 11 49 49 - - - 2. 73 13 1 1 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------------D ry cle a n e r s ( l w om an and 47 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s, p o w e r la u n d ry (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------F in is he r s , f l a t w o r k , m a c h in e (1 7 5 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) -----------------------------T i m e -------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------M a r k e r s (3 8 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y cle a n in g (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (8 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (1 2 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w ork ers) — - - 9 1 .8 7 - - - - - - 7 1 - - - - - - 1 - 2. 42 - - - - - - 1 8 - - - - - - 4 20 1 .8 4 " - " " 6 6 1 ” _ _ 2 13 _ _ - 35 1 T h e S e a ttle —E v e r e t t S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f K in g and S n o h o m ish C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -te n th s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s t im e b a s i s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 . 1 0 to $ 3 . 2 0 . - 36 ■ " ■ c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e pa id 01 (0 Table 50. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Springfield—Chicopee—Holyoke, Mass.— Conn.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g str a ig h t'-t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l----------W om en M e n ------ of w ork ers 957 721 236 A verage h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 13 2 $1. 62 1. 52 1. 9 4 U n der $1. 30 58 58 $1. 30 and un d er $1. 35 160 137 23 $1. 35 $1 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 JU 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. $0 $3. 00 and $1. 40 $1 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 90 75 15 75 71 4 75 75 118 100 18 101 84 17 63 49 14 35 19 16 17 13 4 61 7 54 21 3 18 2 2 7 6 1 _ - 47 12 35 20 12 8 2 2 W o m e n ------------------------- — T im e ---------------------------M e n -----------------------------------T im e -------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (1 1 2 w o m e n and 3 m en ) ------In c e n t iv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (7 4 w o m e n and 13 m e n )--------------T im e --------------------------------------I n ce n tiv e T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) (2 w o m e n and 4 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------ 1 1 3 3 ‘ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (2 0 w o m e n and 4 m e n ) -----------------------T im e ------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s) E x tra ctor o p e ra to rs, pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (9 9 w o m e n and 2 m e n ) ---------T im e M a r k e r s ( a l l w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y - 1 - over 24 19 162 1. 40 25 1. 95 10 8 4 3 3 3 2 - 1 1 3 50 35 10 5 1 31 - - 3 - - 3 1. 42 1. 43 3 3 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 16 14 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - 14 - 1 - - - 3 - - - - 6 1. 38 - 4 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 101 76 1. 41 1. 39 2 - 37 30 13 10 5 3 25 22 12 10 2 1 5 " _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - ~ - “ - - - - - - - - " 25 1. 38 - 10 7 2 - 4 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34 16 15 18 16 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. _ _ - 1 1 1 - 2 2 2 - 3 3 3 - 4 3 3 1 1 _ - 3 3 3 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ - - _ - _ - - 12 1 11 10 _ - - 1 1 “ 3 3 3 - - 3 _ 3 3 12 12 6 6 2 2 28 28 20 14 6 6 1 1 6 3 _ _ 6 6 _ 12 12 12 12 _ _ > _ - 4 4 " ■ ■ ■ 14 9 5 12 10 2 11 10 1 19 19 " 8 7 1 4 4 3 3 " 1 1 • - - _ - 3 - 5 4 2 5 78 63 60 92 93 115 106 1. 88 1. 88 87 75 12 1. 60 1. 61 1. 51 - _ - - 6 1. 39 - 1 3 21 1. 86 - - - - _ 1 1 . _ 3 - " - - 12 12 ■ ” ■ _ 1 - - _ - _ _ _ - - “ " - " - - - - - - " 1 - ■ " 2 - 1 1 T h e S p r in g fie ld —C h ic o p e e —H o ly o k e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f 20 c i t ie s and tow n s in H am pd en, H a m p s h ir e , and W o r c e s t e r C o u n tie s , M a s s . ; and S o m e r s T ow n in T o lla n C ounty, Conn. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s, and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e pa id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 1 . 25 to $ 1 . 30. Table 51. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— St. Louis* Mo —111/ (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June-^-July 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num ber of w ork ers T o ta l ---------------------------- ------------- 4, 592 W o m e n ---------------------------------- 3, 594 M e n ---------------------------------------998 A v erN u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— a ge $1. o5 $1. i f f $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 6TF $1. 70 $1780 $ 1 .9 0 $270iT $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. ?0 $2, 80 h o u r ly U nder and ea rn and $1. 05 und er in g s 2 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 o v e r $1. 44 1. 35 1. 76 158 135 23 585 568 17 285 272 13 289 265 24 306 259 47 335 295 40 353 275 78 228 202 26 284 247 37 205 173 32 292 202 90 388 286 102 269 157 112 228 116 112 62 22 40 82 63 19 22 17 5 51 7 44 18 12 6 33 4 29 23 4 19 2 2 - 11 1 10 83 10 73 219 214 168 1. 32 1. 32 1. 24 2 2 2 29 29 29 19 17 17 19 18 18 17 15 15 25 25 25 20 20 20 16 16 15 23 23 22 20 20 _ 12 12 9 9 5 1 1 _ 2 2 _ _ 1 1 _ 1 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ 1 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ 558 525 1. 32 1. 32 6 6 11 8 6 3 74 68 79 76 84 84 38 35 93 84 65 65 31 31 37 31 29 29 4 4 1 1 - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 102 1. 78 - - - - - - _ 1 16 _ 57 9 6 6 _ 1 _ _ 6 _ _ _ _ _ 7 _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b le rs ■ ----------------------------W om en —-------------------- ——----T i m e -----------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n )------ -------- -------— — -----T im e ------------------------ -----------D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------- E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s , p ow er la u n d ry (1 w o m a n and 45 m e n ; a l l t im e w o r k e r s ) — F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ------------------------ -—- — W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e — --------------------------I d e n t ifie r s ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------W o m e n —------------------ --------— I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — M a r k e r s (1 0 0 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----P r e s s e r s , ha n d, d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) ---------- T im e ------------- ---------—- -------— P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g ------------------------ ---------W o m e n ------------------------ --------T im e ----------------------- ------In c e n tiv e -----------------------M e n ---------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) ------------ — -----------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) ( a ll w o m e n ) ------------------------------- — T im e ---------------------------------- — I n c e n t iv e ---------------- ------------S p o t t e r s , s i lk (a ll w o m e n ) — T im e — —----------- —--------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s — — - — — W o m e n 3 ------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ---------- —------ — M en ------------------------- ------- — W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (1 1 5 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) —------------T im e ------------------------------------- - - - 46 1. 34 - - 8 11 5 3 3 3 _ 10 3 . _ 519 514 498 1. 09 1. 09 1. 08 44 44 44 322 322 321 36 36 36 26 26 26 28 27 27 44 40 40 10 10 2 8 8 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ 141 105 1. 24 1. 24 1 1 32 30 9 5 17 10 15 7 19 13 17 17 10 9 2 10 10 1 _ _ _ - - - - - 3 4 3 15 . _ - 1 - - 17 1. 39 101 1. 25 3 12 23 11 7 _ 132 103 1. 76 1. 72 - - - - - - - - - - 422 243 143 100 179 119 1. 81 1. 79 1. 67 1 .9 6 1. 85 1. 77 - - - - - 12 12 12 343 292 246 118 128 47 41 42 28 - - . 7 2 1 1 - 2 4 1 - - - _ _ - _ _ 9 _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ . _ 6 6 45 45 52 26 25 25 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ 147 77 51 26 70 30 36 29 9 20 7 7 112 37 18 19 75 75 11 4 44 43 30 13 1 1 6 _ _ 9 _ _ _ 5 3 _ _ _ 9 9 1 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 1 1 1 _ 1 1 1 21 21 21 1 1 1 - - _ 1 1 - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - 1. 48 1. 52 6 6 13 7 24 5 19 12 20 17 16 9 24 24 21 21 18 17 46 45 39 39 31 29 28 28 10 5 1 1 9 9 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. - 28 27 1 - 66 65 1 - 9 2 7 14 11 3 15 8 7 2 6 34 18 12 8 7 4 1 _ _ - - - _ 6 14 4 10 - - - - - - - - - - - 34 - 18 - 7 1 6 6 - - - 8 20 20 7 4 4 4 5 5 6 1 1 1 _ - - - 3 3 7 - 3 3 - - 12 12 12 5 5 _ - - 2 2 8 6 8 8 6 5 8 7 4 4 12 11 6 5 14 14 2 2 10 10 22 22 19 19 - - 3 2 ‘ 2 ■ 4 3 2 ■ • " - 17 15 75 68 1. 53 1. 54 - - - - 116 106 1. 23 1. 19 - 21 21 22 22 9 9 " 1 - - - 2 - - - - _ - 36 13 57 77 83 25 16 - 16 _ _ 4 7 6 _ 6 6 _ _ _ . _ _ 3 2 » _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 1 14 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 6 8 _ _ .. 3 3 4 4 1 1 1 1 _ _ 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ . 3 3 1 1 - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 1 1 2 2 _ _ - - - " * ■ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - • - " " „ - _ , > _ 1 1 - _ - - 1 T h e St. L o u is S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the c it y o f St. L o u is , the co u n tie s o f F ra n k lin , J e ffe r s o n , St. C h a r le s , and St. L o u is , M o. ; and the c o u n tie s o f M a d ison and St. C l a ir , 111. E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e pa id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . q Table 52. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Syracuse, N.Y. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , May^-June 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s ofO c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l --------W om en M e n ------- N um ber of w ork ers A v era g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 1, 068 904 164 5 1 .5 2 1 .4 7 1 .8 2 97 81 51 1 .7 8 1 .7 0 1 .7 8 71 47 28 13 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 4 0 $1. 45 1 .5 0 and u n d er $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 134 131 3 168 157 214 208 11 6 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1. 90 $2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 5 0 1$2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 and $1. 45 $1. 50 200 177 23 $1. 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 00 70 43 27 $2 . 10 $ 2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o v e r 1 .7 5 1. 56 1 .7 5 1 .8 7 1 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w ork ers) — P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------T i m e ---------------- ------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s (a ll w o m e n ; a ll in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T i m e ----------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----- 40 40 40 1 T h e S y r a c u s e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a d iso n , O n on d a g a , and O s w e g o C o u n tie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by the stu d y w e r e paid o n a t im e b a s is . Table 53. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Toledo, Ohio—Mich.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A v era g e $1. 05 I T I o $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 ■$1730 ■$1733 $ I 7 4 S ■$1743 $17311 $1. 60 $1. 70 $ 7 W $ 1 7 7 3 $ Z 7 o 3 $ 2 7 1 3 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $ 27 30 $ 2 7 7 3 4>2. 70 h o u r ly U nder and e a r n in g s 1 2 and $1. 05 und er $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 o v e r O c c u p a t io n and s e x N u m ber of w ork ers T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------- 1, 698 1, 426 272 $1. 45 1. 41 1. 66 48 45 3 37 37 312 1. 28 6 3 79 1. 32 - - - 23 1. 37 - - - 10 29 25 1. 43 1. 42 1. 26 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 3 3 3 _ _ - - 238 203 77 1. 90 1. 91 1. 97 142 114 1. 38 1. 33 51 45 6 131 115 16 23 15 8 100 45 55 31 25 6 93 57 36 54 46 8 87 75 12 44 36 8 35 3 32 6 1 5 10 7 3 15 8 7 10 8 2 4 4 12 8 4 4 3 1 4 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - _ 1 1 1 4 4 4 2 2 - - - - - - - 4 - - - - - 1 1 1 4 4 4 _ _ _ - - - 7 7 7 12 12 12 72 40 8 38 38 7 36 36 5 33 33 2 1 1 1 - 3 3 3 11 8 8 8 8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 33 31 5 - 8 8 6 “ 5 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 3 " - - - - - 1 1 7 6 1 1 . 2 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ - 1 1 _ - - - - - - - - - 1 6 6 2 2 1 1 - 4 4 - - - - - - - - - " - - - - - - - - - - - 131 116 15 283 267 16 313 307 6 171 150 21 9 9 6 3 56 237 1 - 8 28 2 41 4 - 5 1 _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------I d e n t ifie r s (13 w o m e n and 10 m en ) 3 -------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ) 3 -------------------------M a r k e r s ( a l l w o m e n ) ------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------In c e n tiv e -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T im e ------------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) ----------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h i n e ----------------M en ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — 64 62 48 30 25 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 37 36 30 49 54 28 1. 27 - _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ - - _ - 4 4 4 - 1 1 - - 4 4 15 15 30 25 1 - 32 31 11 11 11 4 " 20 20 20 1 1 - - - - - 19 19 17 12 12 3 17 - 3 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 11 11 1 - 3 _ - _ " - - 1 _ - - - " - 1 T h e T o le d o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s of L u ca s and W ood C o u n tie s, O h io; and M o n r o e C ounty, M ich . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts , A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 54. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Tucson, Ariz.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— June 1966) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— u ^ bei O c c u p a t io n and s e x w ork ers T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- $ 1 . 00 $1705 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 1 5 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $17 40 $1. 45 $T7 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $2. oO $ 2". 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 J Z T 5 U $ 2 . 60' h o u r ly TTnHer e a rn in g s 2 1 and ~ $ 1 . 00 under $1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $ 1 . 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 o v e r $ 1 . 28 1. 25 1. 38 31 27 4 170 118 52 45 45 - 65 59 35 29 30 28 6 6 2 1. 14 9 9 17 17 38 2 2 6 6 6 11 2 7 5 - - - - - 7 46 46 46 - 21 21 9 9 7 5 5 11 11 4 3 19 4 4 4 11 1. 09 1. 07 6 6 6 3 22 - - - 2 - 2 2 2 87 1. 61 - - - 1 1 - - 10 l ! 78 58 27 31 1. 30 - - 5 5 - 5 10 1. 48 1. 24 1. 06 1. 43 1 21 4 27 - 1 1 22 1. 39 831 633 198 128 96 32 29 24 5 79 49 30 17 63 58 5 51 40 10 11 7 - 1 1 2 2 - 15 12 30 18 3 12 14 8 6 7 5 5 3 - 1 1 1 1 5 2 1 1 1 2 - - - 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - 9 1 8 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (6 4 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) -----------------------------T im e ------------------------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -------rp4___ D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n )3 4 -,---------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ----------------------------------W o m e n ---------■ -----------------------T im e ------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s ( a ll w o m e n ) 3 -------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------- --------------- ------------T im e P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a l l w o m e n ) -------------------------- ;-----T im e ------------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------------- P r e s s e r s , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) ( a ll w o m e n )-----------I n c e n t iv e ------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (2 w o m e n and 2 0 m e n ) 3 ------------------------- 65 55 119 93 82 6 69 62 50 7 58 1 . 12 1 . 16 1 . 21 l . 19 2. 05 1 . 11 1. 1. 2 2 2 - 12 12 9 2 2 2 5 3 5 5 2 2 7 8 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 _ 2 2 _ 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 - - - - - - 2 - - 3 - - . - - 1 2 2 1 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - 2 1 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 28 1 35 1 6 5 5 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 5 5 - 5 5 - - - - - - 1 2 1 l - c l 3 - - 3 2 - 1 3 4 £ - 14 14 . 5 4 1 3 1 2 - 1 1 3 4 4 1 4 2 8 3 4 1 - 1 2 1 1 3 - 1 - - - - - 4 2 4 2 3 1 - 1 2 1 1 3 - 1 - - - - - 2 ~ " 2 “ 6 7 1 1 1 ' " ' “ - i 4 - 3 3 - - - 2 3 2 - 1 - l ' 1 T h e T u c s o n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f P im a C ounty. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly f o u r - f i f t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta t o w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f se p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 1 at $ 2 . 9 0 to $ 3 and 1 at $ 3 .2 0 t o $ 3 . 3 0 . Table 55. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Washington, D.C.— Md.—Va. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly J O c c u p a t io n and s e Numb e r of ers W om en M e n ------- 1966) A v erN u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— age $1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25" $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 . 9 0 $3. 00 h o u r ly U n der and ea rn and $1. 15 u n d er in g s 23 1 $ 1 . 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $3. 00 o v e r 50 33 17 7 ,8 8 0 5 ,8 0 9 2, 071 $1. 53 1 .4 6 1 .7 3 341 304 229 611 525 219 238 220 1. 38 1. 38 1. 34 1. 35 1. 34 1. 37 1 .9 7 2 . 01 788 749 500 249 44 41 33 1. 27 1 .2 7 1. 23 1. 34 1 .4 1 1. 39 1 .4 0 44 204 189 99 1 .4 3 1. 38 1. 37 1. 36 598 362 113 249 236 89 147 1 .9 7 1 .9 5 1 .6 4 2 . 10 2 . 00 1 .7 5 2. 15 7 85 767 278 489 1 .5 0 1 .5 0 1. 50 1 .4 9 3 3 309 307 191 40 19 1 .4 4 1 .4 4 1 .4 4 1 .3 3 1. 29 1. 36 1 .4 5 1 .4 7 1 .4 2 1. 39 298 275 23 182 174 8 1636 1286 350 745 690 55 816 614 370 202 80 75 63 58 205 167 94 16 16 48 45 36 83 83 15 74 29 27 18 30 30 4 354 329 268 61 122 429 362 67 944 735 209 570 364 206 4 08 306 102 466 275 191 26 23 13 69 69 45 43 34 26 37 26 15 17 17 6 6 3 3 1 1 23 4 _ _ _ _ - 1 1 8 8 28 28 17 17 30 30 8 8 17 13 19 19 23 23 38 38 4 4 13 2 1 1 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ - 2 2 6 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ * - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 290 181 134 47 144 72 72 155 78 77 98 25 73 40 11 119 17 29 102 45 15 30 52 14 38 38 14 24 _ _ 7 7 18 18 _ _ _ - 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - - - 34 4 30 7 53 1 6 20 _ _ _ _ _ 21 21 - - _ _ 33 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ---------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -----W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ---------------------------M en 3 ----------------------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h i n e -------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------I d e n t ifie r s ------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (43 w o m e n and 1 m a n )3 -----M a r k e r s ----------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e ----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e ----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e ----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s -------------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------T i m e ----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l ( l a u n d r y ) ------------------------------W o m e n ------------,------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------T um bler o p e r a t o r s (laun dry).. W o m e n 3 ---------------------------M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ----------------M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ---W r a p p e r s , b u n d le -----------------W om en 3 ----------------------------- 21 170 149 65 50 - 30 14 5 16 16 16 - 33 33 5 4 4 3 18 18 - - - - - - _ 106 106 102 80 80 72 4 8 2 2 2 - _ _ - 2 2 - - 2 2 2 118 39 79 18 18 14 10 _ - 2 2 7 29 29 - _ - 2 2 10 5 8 - 7 3 3 - - 7 3 5 1 - - - 58 58 33 66 57 57 55 14 17 3 62 56 14 42 5 5 3 - 38 5 5 3 _ 5 3 3 3 28 25 17 12 6 1 13 4 4 " 5 5 5 - - - 39 27 33 19 - 20 - 5 18 18 - 11 8 83 62 34 28 12 6 6 14 21 8 6 4 17 44 44 24 24 186 186 90 96 123 105 58 47 65 65 42 23 47 47 47 16 _ _ 42 42 21 21 4 18 16 16 9 9 9 5 5 5 7 7 20 _ _ - 14 14 - - - 114 114 28 3 12 86 64 64 9 55 1 1 1 _ 12 12 12 67 67 25 56 56 41 29 29 27 - 3 3 8 1 10 10 10 - _ - _ - - 1 1 7 33 3 3 - 3 7 40 38 7 7 10 - 34 24 23 23 16 20 2 2 16 7 4 10 7 1 3 3 ~ 66 19 5 14 47 15 32 - " - - - - - - - - - - 52 35 14 39 19 52 41 37 19 10 10 19 24 13 10 8 7 7 12 15 15 1 1 15 9 21 19 41 10 15 13 20 12 17 11 6 _ _ 7 1 6 6 _ 8 2 1 6 - 17 20 5 19 18 18 - - 16 2 2 _ _ . _ _ 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 16 _ 3 _ _ _ - _ _ _ 4 13 13 3 11 11 3 34 30 17 14 14 7 6 2 2 _ _ 7 2 8 2 16 5 4 ~ “ 11 _ _ 7 - 11 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 3 2 - . 2 8 1 “ 3 3 3 1 2 1 1 23 5 64 64 35 29 - - 5 5 5 5 16 15 _ - 3 8 46 32 24 18 18 3 15 9 9 22 23 17 5 - 21 25 25 5 37 34 28 15 15 3 2 11 2 _ _ 9 _ 2 6 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - * - - - 1 T h e W a sh in g to n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the D is t r ic t o f C o lu m b ia ; the c i t ie s o f A le x a n d r ia , F a i r fa x , and F a l ls C h u r ch , V a . ; and the c o u n tie s o f A r lin g to n and F a i r fa x , V a . , and M o n t g o m e r y and P r i n c e G e o r g e s , M d. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and lata s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s i s . 3 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta t o w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . Table 56. Occupational Earnings: 0) 0) Laundry and Cleaning Services— Wichita, Kans. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June— u ly 1966) J N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s of— O c c u p a tio n and s e x W o m e n ------------M e n ------------------ N u m ber of w ork ers 961 A vera ge $ 0 . 75 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 . 90 h o u r ly and e a rn in g s 2 under $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 . 90 $ 0 . 95 772 189 $ 1 .2 3 1 . 11 1 .7 3 23 75 72 3 $ 1 . 00 $ 1. 05 $ 1. 10 $ 1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $ 1. 25 $ 1. 30 5 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 M .9 0 $ 1.00 $ 1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $ 1. 15 $ 1 . 20 $ 1. 25 $ 1 . 30 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 32 32 60 46 14 34 27 7 26 2 24 72 65 7 55 49 and 13 13 40 40 46 44 30 19 11 15 5 10 53 24 29 over 58 . 97 118 347 43 4 $ 0 . 95 1 .0 8 169 165 4 2 6 58 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y cle a n in g 4 ----------------------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w ork ers) — P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (35 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) -------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) ( a ll w o m e n ) --------T i m e ----------------------------------T u m b l e r o p e r a t o r s (5 w o m e n and 1 m a n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (2 w o m e n and 16 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W r a p p e r s (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------- 110 .9 1 32 18 1. 05 1 127 1 .6 9 38 49 97 1. 54 38 49 36 21 1. 14 1. 15 55 45 .9 8 .9 9 6 1.02 18 1 .4 2 2 2 8 . 84 12 3 3 4 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 T h e W ic h ita S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B u t le r and S e d g w ic k C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . N in e t y -s ix p e r c e n t o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n clu d e s 4 w o r k e r s at $ 0 . 60 to $ 0 . 65. 4 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o l l o w s : 24 at $ 2 . 2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 and 1 at $ 2 .3 0 to $ 2 . 4 0 . Table 57. Occupational Earnings: Laundry and Cleaning Services— Youngstown—Warren, Ohio1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num b er of ers T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- N u m b e r < f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— o A verage $1. 00 $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 .6 0 $2. 70 $2. 80 h o u r ly and ea rn “ u n d er in g s $1. 05 $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 o v e r 52 40 12 135 99 36 119 119 - 71 63 8 144 139 5 98 81 17 48 27 21 26 24 2 26 21 5 - 7 7 6 6 - 6 2 6 6 _ - _ - 14 17 6 28 20 _ - - - - 1 - _ - 2 2 - _ - - - - 75 65 10 23 12 11 16 3 13 2 2 2 - 3 3 4 3 1 4 2 1 ,0 3 5 841 194 $1. 35 1. 30 1. 58 68 53 15 35 29 1 .2 1 1. 18 6 6 93 16 9 1. 14 1. 86 1 .9 9 68 68 16 6 10 4 4 - - 2 2 2 - 5 4 1 5 2 3 - _ - 3 _ 3 13 4 9 3 _ 3 . 2 2 _ . - - - - - 13 4 9 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s (a ll w o m e n ) -----T i m e ----------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll D r y c l e a n e r s --------------------------M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — E x tra ctor o p era tors, p o w e r la u n d r y (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T i m e ----------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) --------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s ( l a u n d r y ) ------------------------------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s )— W a s h e r s , m a c h i n e ---------------M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----- _ _ _ 15 1 .5 3 - - 2 - - - - 3 - - 5 - 1 4 131 119 97 1 .7 2 1. 63 1 .4 9 - - - - - - 34 34 34 5 5 3 2 2 - 2 2 2 10 10 10 48 46 44 4 4 4 2 2 - 4 4 2 2 2 - 4 4 2 - _ 2 - - 8 4 100 88 1 .3 1 1 .2 8 2 2 - - 20 20 17 17 24 24 - 4 - 4 4 9 7 11 8 8 6 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - 63 43 1. 28 1. 20 1 2 2 12 10 5 1 26 26 3 2 - 1 4 2 3 - 4 1 17 1. 35 - 1 - - 6 - - 5 - 3 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 6 19 17 1. 18 1 .8 0 1 .8 2 - 1 - - - 5 - - - - 2 2 _ " ” 2 2 - " 1 1 - “ 3 3 - “ 4 4 - “ 4 2 - " 2 2 - “ 1 1 - “ ~ “ " - 1 T he Y o u n g s to w n —W a r r e n S ta n d a rd M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a h on in g and T ru m b u ll C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fo u r t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s on a t im e b a s i s . _ c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id Table 58. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— Baltimore, Md. (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ h o u r ly of 2 w o rk e r s e a rn in g s1 S I. 05 and u n d er $1. 10 S I. 10 $1. 15 SI. 20 $1. 25 $ 1. 30 S I. 35 s i . 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 17 50 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ I 7 o o $2710- $ 2720 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $ 2 7 5 0 $ 2 7 70 - $2. 80 and $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 23 9 14 3 _ 3 . _ _ - - - 3 3 3 1 1 - - - - - - 1 ,8 8 2 1, 506 376 $1. 32 1. 25 1. 60 356 323 33 224 207 17 146 139 7 100 87 13 386 340 46 144 124 20 46 35 11 89 56 33 35 32 3 89 52 37 43 17 26 77 48 29 39 8 31 54 48 38 149 144 121 47 29 22 1. 19 1. 18 1. 18 1. 20 1. 19 1. 19 1 .4 7 1. 72 1. 72 17 17 13 20 20 19 6 - 3 2 1 40 40 35 12 - 14 14 12 19 18 10 - 1 _ _ 5 4 - 6 4 4 37 37 36 - 1 _ 10 10 8 2 2 2 3 2 2 - 2 2 5 4 4 1 1 1 _ _ - 6 6 6 12 10 8 4 4 2 _ 1 1 1 14 14 12 1 1 - _ _ - 2 2 - 11 7 1. 55 1. 59 - - - - 1 1 3 3 1 1 - - 4 - - - 20 12 8 12 5 7 9 9 5 1 4 2 2 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 2 2 - - - - - 21 11 10 over 4 _ 4 9 _ 9 _ _ _ - - _ - - 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ___________________ W o m e n _____________________ Tim<>----C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ D ry cle a n e r s M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ E x tra cto r o p e ra to rs, p ow er la u n d r y (a ll m e n )___________ T im e ________________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e __________________________ W o m e n _____________________ In c e n t iv e ________________ M a r k e r s _______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ...................................... P r e B s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ______________________ W o m e n _____________________ In c e n t iv e ________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s __ W o m e n _____________________ Inc e n t iv e ________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) ( a ll w o m e n ) __________________ T im e ________________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )_____________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ) __________________________ T im e ________________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n )_______ ---------------T im e ________________________ 389 371 100 103 89 14 1. 1. 1. 1 1. 1. 23 24 27 24 22 23 39 25 3 25 25 5 31 31 9 14 14 - 49 49 21 1 1 - 36 36 15 9 9 2 171 169 10 10 7 - 33 31 16 22 17 6 1 1 - 26 26 26 11 7 - - - - 4 4 - - 6 4 - 3 3 - 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 89 69 59 20 11 241 230 221 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 76 73 73 90 91 26 24 24 2 2 77 77 77 2 2 1 25 23 23 13 13 13 21 21 21 4 4 3 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 - - - 25 25 16 9 7 7 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 4 4 4 15 9 9 6 6 36 27 27 6 6 6 - 9 9 9 - 8 8 4 - 1 1 - 8 4 2 4 2 4 4 4 - 4 4 2 1 1 1 - - - - 215 51 1. 27 1. 21 22 7 20 2 25 10 3 - 61 19 31 12 17 1 12 14 4 - 4 - 2 39 12 11 1. 24 1. 09 1. 09 7 7 7 3 2 1 - 2 2 2 24 1 1 - - 1 - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - 60 46 1. 54 1. 54 1 1 - - - 2 2 18 14 - - 3 3 - - 1 1 - 17 9 4 4 9 9 3 1 - 2 2 - - - - - - - - 21 14 1. 16 1. 11 4 4 5 3 8 7 1 - 1 - - 1 1 - - - 1 T h e B a lt i m o r e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the c it y o f B a lt i m o r e , and the c o u n tie s o f A n n e A r u n d e l, B a lt i m o r e , C a r r o l l , an d H o w a rd . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - f if t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . Table 59. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries-—Boston, Mass.1 ( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y i n s i d e p l a n t w o r k e r s i n s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s , M a y —J u l y 1 9 6 6 ) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— — O c c u p a t io n an d s e x $1'. 25 $ t . 30 $ 1 . 3 5 h o u r ly of and U nder w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s 2 $ 1 . 25 u n d e r $ 1 . 3 0 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 , 4 0 $1. 40 $1. 45 $ 1 . 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 9 0 1 $2, 00 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 . 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 35 31 4 370 347 23 147 136 11 505 420 85 2 94 200 94 142 99 43 1 52 1 08 44 71 42 29 13 13 9 4 5 3 3 2 * - 42 40 30 10 15 4 4 11 2 * 32 23 18 5 2 2 2 - 28 28 26 2 1 1 1 1 1 T o t a l _________ _________________ W o m e n ________________ _____ M e n _________________________ 2, 839 2 , 204 63S $ 1 . 65 1. 5 8 1 .9 0 179 1 68 123 45 57 36 34 21 22 18 14 1. 5 4 1. 53 1. 54 1. 5 3 1. 60 1 .4 9 1 .4 7 1. 7 9 1. 9 9 2. 0 5 2. 0 3 - - 51 41 1. 85 1, 7 9 . . - 533 524 330 1 94 1 .4 4 1 .4 4 1 .4 0 1. 50 4 4 - *3 19 160 1 42 80 62 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $2. 40 $ 2 . 5 0 ■ $ r “5 o $ 2. 76 $ 2 .8 0 T T W $ 2 . 10 $ 2 , 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 and 46 43 3 399 361 38 2 23 1 96 27 « - 17 17 15 2 6 5 5 1 - 26 26 19 7 14 14 14 ► - - 14 14 5 9 7 3 3 4 2 2 2 * - - - 5 5 1 4 2 2 3 1 1 . . _ - - - 2 2 11 11 10 8 8 6 2 “ 2 2 88 88 85 3 51 51 44 7 1 69 167 122 45 44 44 4 40 77 74 27 47 49 48 10 38 20 20 16 4 2 2 - . 4 27 24 22 2 2. 2 6 - - - - - - - - 1. 51 1. 53 1. 55 1 .4 8 1. 60 . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - 20 15 11 4 1 21 21 n 10 7 31 26 19 7 2 13 13 8 5 4 27 25 12 13 5 16 12 4 8 1. 1. 1. 1. 86 73 79 66 . - 8 7 7 6 4 2 2 . - 2 2 2 10 9 8 1 3 1 1 - 1 1 1 336 300 2. 0 2 2 .0 8 5 5 3 3 5 1 18 16 15 14 11 11 30 11 241 1 30 111 1. 57 1. 51 1. 65 - 1 1 4 2 2 48 39 9 41 12 - 29 12 6 6 43 30 20 1 .4 0 1. 3 6 1. 3 2 _ - . - - - 18 16 16 5 5 1 6 4 2 133 100 33 76 61 15 2. 13 2 . 16 2. 0 5 1. 54 1. 5 7 1 .4 3 . - . - 2 - - * 11 5 6 $ 2 . 70 51 23 28 77 32 45 31 14 17 17 7 10 17 12 5 10 5 5 17 2 15 23 1 2 1 1 7 7 7 . _ . . . 4 4 2 . . . - . . . . - . _ _ . . . . _ . _ _ . . _ . _ „ . _ . - . . _ . > 1 1 . _ , . _ _ . . _ - - * - 11 11 1 1 2 2 _ . - - - - - _ _ - - _ . . _ . - 2 2 _ 2 * 2 - - - - . _ . . 2 2 1 1 15 15 12 3 3 3 3 5 5 _ 5 2 9 9 8 1 8 3 l 2 4 2 2 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 32 26 17 17 40 36 21 21 63 43 20 22 11 11 3 3 24 15 9 5 . 3 3 1 8 2 2 . 1 - - - - * * . - 1 1 3 3 - - - 8 4 4 15 15 8 4 4 3 3 21 15 6 . . 19 12 7 6 6 ■ “ ■ “ $3. 00 119 63 56 over 26 22 4 67 40 27 . _ _ _ _ „ . 2 „ _ . , n 2 . _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s _____ ______________ W o m e n . . . , . , ______,_________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e _______-___ . ___ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n _____________________ T i m e , _____ - ___ . . . .— M e n 3 4______„_______________ _ D r y c le a n e r s ________— . . M e n ____ . _________ __________ T im e ___ ____ — ____ . ____ E x tra ctor o p e r a to r s, pow er la u n d r y ( a ll m e n )-------------T im e _____________________— F i n i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ______. . . . __________ _____ W o m e n ____ _________. . . _____ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e __ _________ ____ F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ____________________ _ I d e n t ifie r s (1 7 w o m e n and 2 m e n )3---------- „-------------------M a r k e r s ___ ,___________________ W o m e n ____ . . . . _____________ T im e _____________ _______ I n c e n t iv e ._______________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ................ ............. ....... . . W o m e n _____________________ T im e _________________ . . . I n c e n t iv e ____ . . . . . . ______ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ____________ ____ _ Inc ent iv e ____ ___ . . . . . P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (2 4 0 w o m e n and 1 m a n ) __ _ T im e ____ _______ ______ ____ _ I n c e n t iv e ________________ ___ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s ( l a u n d r y __________ ___ W o m e n ______ _______________ T im e _______________ _____ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m en ) . . . . . --------------------------------T im e ________________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ ___ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le 3_________ _ W o m e n _______ ______ - _____ _ M e n .............................................. 80 53 29 24 . - I 1 2 * 6 6 ' 9 7 2 8 8 ■ IS 8 7 . . » 2 2 2 * - 2 2 - _ - . _ 2 2 2 - _ - - . . _ _ „ . _ . * • * - - - * _ . _ - - 7 - - - 1 . _ _ . . 1 1 a . 1 2 _ _ . . _ . . . - - - - - - - - 3 3 3 3 j . . . . - _ _ . _ „ 2 . . 2 . . - 12 5 1 4 - - - - * 28 28 15 15 11 11 4 4 4 4 11 11 4 4 _ 8 2 6 2 _ 1 . 3 . 1 - 1 - 1 _ . 5 2 1 3 1 1 1 * . _ . _ _ . - . . - 6 2 2 . 9 . _ - - _ . . ' . _ “ _ . . . ■ . . . . . . . * - - - 22 22 4 40 40 . _ l i - “ „ . - - - - - - - - - 17 13 4 7 7 14 14 3 3 . - - - 2 2 4 2 2 22 20 2 - - - 2 2 2 2 . - _ - . s. . . _ ' " " " - * ■ - “ • _ _ . . . . _ . . 1 The B o s to n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is ts o f 76 c it ie s 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eek en d s, a n d t o w n s in S u f f o l k , E s s e x , M i d d l e s e x , N o r f o l k , a n d P l y m o u t h C o u n t i e s . h o l id a y s , a n d la t e s h i ft s . A p p r o x i m a t e l y t w o - t h i r d s o f th e i n s i d e p l a n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d tim e b a s i s . 3 I n s u ff ic ie n t d a ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n 4 W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 3 t o $ 3 . 10. o f se p a ra te averages b y -m e th o d o f w ag e p a y m en t; p r e d o m in a n tly tim e w o r k e r s . b y th e stu d y w e r e p a id on Table 60. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— Chicago, 111. (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y — u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n _____________________ M e n _________________________ Num ber of w ork ers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— A ver age T Z T T o $2. 80 T 2 7 9 0 - -$ 3 7 U 0 $3TTff $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2;“3o ■$2:4Cf T Z 7 5 U h o u r ly U n d e r and and ea rn $ 1 .2 0 u n d er in g s 13 24 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $1. 90 $2. 00 $ 2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 o v e r 5, 930 4 , 698 1, 232 $1. 60 1. 50 1. 98 126 114 12 119 116 3 240 222 18 1546 1478 68 757 684 73 444 353 91 347 300 47 461 315 146 225 156 91 147 1 .4 5 1. 39 1. 36 1 .4 3 4 2 2 4 4 4 4 13 2 2 2 15 70 56 36 42 42 34 24 5 21 19 9 24 19 17 9 3 30 16 3 1 135 44 33 31 1. 2. 2. 2. 38 53 87 78 4 - 13 - 13 - 42 - 5 - 24 - 3 _ 1 11 _ _ - 1, 686 1, 684 913 771 347 210 104 106 137 110 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 35 35 31 39 57 51 37 67 67 59 31 31 31 - 54 54 40 14 - 105 105 82 23 - 807 807 583 224 81 75 47 28 6 6 332 330 192 138 48 29 25 4 19 19 85 85 2 83 31 22 20 2 9 9 144 144 4 140 25 11 6 5 14 14 40 219 207 168 1. 50 1 .4 9 1 .4 7 1 .4 1 - 4 4 4 14 14 14 4 55 55 49 9 4 4 1 § 49 49 47 189 136 91 2 .4 5 2. 22 2. 57 - - 6 6 3 8 8 3 8 8 3 893 830 1. 82 1. 84 6 6 8 8 12 10 62 50 380 378 214 164 1 .4 1 1 .4 1 1. 38 1 .4 6 12 12 12 - 15 15 9 6 28 28 15 13 171 137 91 184 162 131 151 127 91 1 .4 5 1 .4 1 1 .4 6 1. 98 2. 04 1. 99 1 .4 5 1 .4 2 1. 36 2 2 2 - 3 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 279 209 70 142 68 74 123 40 83 2 11 6 2 4 2 6 " 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 - 3 2 72 58 14 10 2 8 30 6 24 - - 2 - 2 2 2 - - 4 4 4 - - - - - - 3 14 14 12 - 15 2 13 149 24 125 - 18 10 35 18 17 - 41 34 7 2 69 41 28 98 61 37 55 3 52 - 313 234 79 66 49 17 _ 393 267 126 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ------ ----------------------W o m e n — __________________ T im e ____________________ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g ____ W o m e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) __________________ D r y c l e a n e r s ___________________ M e n _________________________ T im e ____________________ F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e --------------------------------------W o m e n _____________________ T im e ------------------------------In c e n t iv e ________________ I d e n t i fie r s _____________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ M e n ------------------------------ ----T im e ____________________ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) „ M a r k e r s _______________________ W o m e n _____________________ T im e __________ ________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g __ -------- __ „ W o m e n _____________________ I n c e n t iv e ___ __________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s (a ll w o m e n ) ___ ____________ I n c e n t iv e ___________________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y )---------W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ I n c e n t iv e ________________ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y )_____________________ W o m e n -------- ---------------------I n c e n t iv e ________________ W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ----------------M e n -------------------------------------T im e ____________________ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ------------------W o m e n _____________________ T im e ____________________ 1 2 a t im e 3 4 26 12 4 - 26 2 2 2 - - 1 1 1 105 105 4 101 18 8 2 6 10 10 11 11 2 9 39 13 2 11 26 24 9 9 4 5 16 14 2 2 1 1 2 25 8 _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 14 2 - 8 17 11 1 32 13 2 11 19 15 10 8 1 2 1 1 5 6 - - - - - - - - - 2 12 12 8 5 19 19 18 10 22 22 20 _ 10 10 5 4 17 5 2 3 3 4 4 _ 6 6 - - - - - - - - - 11 11 4 16 16 11 6 6 3 23 23 8 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 14 6 6 _ 1 - - 7 1 1 12 6 6 4 44 22 22 29 28 66 59 30 22 57 56 100 97 124 118 159 136 19 19 8 8 25 25 42 42 32 32 44 44 2 2 12 12 56 56 _ - - - " 101 99 43 56 85 85 66 19 27 27 19 8 28 28 18 10 26 26 15 11 10 10 4 6 16 16 13 13 _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - _ 16 13 16 16 13 3 _ - - - - - “ " 71 71 45 46 45 33 28 26 12 33 26 25 8 3 2 23 21 19 8 4 3 1 1 1 7 5 2 20 8 8 31 9 9 7 6 2 10 7 7 20 20 20 18 11 6 9 8 8 18 18 12 5 5 3 1 1 14 14 12 1 T h e C h ic a g o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o o k , Du P a g e , E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , an d b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 4 at $3. 20 to $3. 30; 4 at $3. 50 to $3. 60; W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 at $3. 10 to $3. 20; 9 at $3. 20 to $3. 3 0; _ - _ 2 - 24 24 19 2 2 _ 2 2 2 11 5 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - 1 1 1 2 2 2 24 24 16 - _ _ 5 5 5 2 2 - 3 3 3 10 10 6 - - - - _ 3 _ _ _ _ - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - 1 1 1 - - 28 28 28 - K a n e, L a k e ,, M c H e n r y , and W ill C o u n t ie s . la te s h ift s . A p p r o x i m a t e l y t h r e e - f if t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d 4 at $3. 90 to $ 4 ; and 2 at $ 4 and o v e r . 6 a t $3. 30 t o $ 3 .4 0 ; 4 a t $ 3 .4 0 to $3. 50; 4 at $3. 50 to $3. 60; 2 at $3. 80 - 3 3 - b y the stu d y w e r e to $3. 90; and 18 at $ 4 3 3 - p a id on and o v e r . Table 61. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove, Calif. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l -----------------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------- Num ber of wo rk ers 3 ,1 3 4 2 ,5 1 8 616 A verage h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 1 $ N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f $ 1 . 30 and under $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 1 $ .4 5 1 $ . 5o 1 $ . 60 $ 1 .7 0 1 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 . 50 $ . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 312 20 349 330 19 328 3 27 764 722 42 4 51 3 79 72 233 114 1 19 8 8 8 12 12 12 41 41 40 - 12 11 10 - 200 1 .5 2 1 80 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 2 0(T $ . 2 10 $ . 2 20 $ . $ 2. 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 2 60 $ . $ 2. 70 2 $0 $ . $ 2 .9 0 $5. 00 and $ 1 .4 0 1.61 1.98 $ 1 . 35 292 20 1 $ 1.90 70 46 24 2 00 $ . 65 57 8 2 10 $ . 2 20 $ . $ 2 . 30 138 24 114 66 47 9 57 39 8 $ 2 .4 0 22 16 $ 2 . 50 ! - 6 1 2 $ . 60 21 12 9 $2. 70 8 - 8 2 $ . 80 $ 2 .9 0 5 5 2 2 - $ 3 .0 0 20 _ 20 over 32 _ 32 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s -----------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a i l r e c e i v i n g --------W o m e n (a ll t im e w ork ers) — E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s , p ow er la u n d r y ( a ll m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------F in is h e r s , fla tw o r k , m a c h i n e --------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------M a r k e r s -----------------------------------------W om en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g -------------------------------M e n ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir ts ( a l l w o m e n ) -------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l ( a l l w o m e n ) ------T i m e -----------------------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d r y ) ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h i n e -------------------M e n ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------------- 237 195 187 90 1. 59 1 . 52 1 .5 1 1.66 86 1. 64 26 1 . 68 40 40 38 - 29 29 29 13 1 49 47 46 27 - 13 1 27 2 5 5 4 4 _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ 24 _ - 20 5 - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 12 24 5 - - - - 4 - - - - - - 8 13 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - 4 _ - - - _ - - - - - - _ - _ - 31 2 2 - - - - 650 6 31 605 203 1 .4 2 1 .4 2 1 .4 2 1. 57 72 72 72 4 232 16 50 50 46 13 93 93 73 40 195 1. 57 4 16 5 40 2. 06 - - - - 6 6 22 22 7 _ 1 212 1 26 26 35 34 71 70 9 9 - 1 _ _ 15 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 80 - - - 9 9 15 15 3 3 4 4 20 20 - 3 - - - 1 - - - 1 8 “ " “ " “ " " 222 222 38 24 2. 2 4 492 386 106 1. 65 1. 55 2. 0 4 12 12 165 163 1. 47 1. 47 4 4 24 9 173 93 1. 1. 1. 2. 50 58 89 23 _ 5 - - 1 .4 7 1 .4 0 - 3 55 41 _ - 20 20 _ _ “ _ 4 4 40 40 8 _ - 158 154 1 52 22 41 40 40 56 48 4 22 56 48 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 - - - 4 - - 8 8 12 12 - - 4 4 - - - - - 213 85 83 30 24 23 23 45 14 8 8 8 8 - - - - - - - 25 14 8 8 8 - 8 - _ - 2 - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ 10 10 _ _ 6 2 6 20 - _ 2 - 4 4 - _ _ - - - - - “ “ ■ _ - 20 20 - _ - ■ 1 T h e L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h eim — Santa Ana— a r d e n G r o v e S ta n da rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s c o n s is t o f L o s A n g e le s and O ra n g e C o u n tie s . G 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e pa id on a t im e b a s is . Table 62, Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— New York, N.Y. to (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s * o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— June 1966) T o t a l ---------------------------------- -----------W o m e n -------— ---------------- - - — M e n ---------- — --------- ——— ------- 1 36 9 ,1 4 8 5 ,9 2 2 3 ,2 2 6 $1. 58 1 .4 9 1. 75 106 156 1. 52 16 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 . 50 $ . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 1 T 7 T 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 . 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 2 2 2 20 $ 2 . 30 $ . 40~ $ 2 . 56" $ . 6 f t $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 30 $2. 40 $ 2 . 50 $27011 jpz. n r $ . 2 2 $ . 80 $ . 90 $3. od $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 over 9 and 2835 2259 576 1052 680 372 626 395 231 3 59 56 3 1 $ 1 .4 0 487 411 76 _ 1 . 51 1. 56 30 i ° _____ « N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— 11725" i i U nder and $ 1 .2 5 u n d e r $ 1 . 35 $ 1 . 30 ■€» A verage h o u r ly ea rn in g s * Num ber of w ork ers O c c u p a t io n and s e x 49 20 11 1194 738 456 722 508 214 352 228 124 1.90 491 269 222 $ 2.00 215 86 1 29 2 10 $ 2. 20 $ . 145 24 182 45 137 121 104 17 87 1 09 38 71 113 25 - - - - - 88 2 $ . 60 $ 2 . 70 114 95 113 83 - 1 2 $ . 80 1 8 9 9 90 7 - - - - - 12 9 2 21 69 S e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s A s s e m b l e r s —— —-------------— ■ — E x tra cto r o p e r a to r s, p o w e r la u n d r y ( a l l m e n ) -----T i m e --------------- —------—------— F in is h e r s , fla tw o r k , m a c h i n e -------■ ------- -----------------— W om en — * — ------- ---------------T i m e —— — — — ——I n c e n t i v e ---------------------- — M en — — — — - .......... ——— T i m e — —-------— — ------- F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o ile r (a ll m e n ; a l l t i m © w o r k e r s ) ------- —— — I d e n t i f i e r s ------- ———— -------------------- — ------------ ------— ■ M en — ■ T i m e ---------•-------------- --------M a r k e r s —- — — --------------------- -— W o m e n ------------------- ------< — — T im e ■ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g ---------------— ------— W o m e n ------- — ------------ —--------I n c e n t i v e -------- — -----------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h i r t s ——— — — — — — —— W o m e n ------------------ — —— — » I n c e n t i v e ------------- — ----- P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l ( l a u n d r y ) ---------W o m e n ------------ ----------— — —— - 4 1 - 4 - - - - - - - - - - - 56 36 37 - 2 1 2 2 2 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 11 11 18 18 42 34 87 67 35 31 5 5 15 15 5 5 10 10 4 4 - - - - * - : - * * - - 36 36 25 2 40 1787 1573 1399 174 214 1 14 446 376 207 169 70 189 186 57 1 29 3 t l 272 236 138 129 9 7 - 1 - 10 16 16 16 - 1 1 9 132 128 80 48 4 7 7 - 214 36 84 74 40 34 1 22 1 - - - - - - - 23 - 25 13 9 1 - « • 5 5 4 3 3 3 4 4 - - l - 3 - - 3 4 - * * - * * - - 4 4 - 2 1 1 4 4 - - 4 - 1 1 - - " - - - “ 1 1 1 - - * - - 3 - 12 12 12 10 10 10 - - - - * - 20 20 20 8 52 25 21 11 10 232 1 .5 9 1 .5 9 - 3 , 369 1 .4 2 1 .4 3 1 . 39 1 .5 1 1 .4 0 is J ( 20 2 ,0 4 1 940 388 339 21 9 9 - 11 11 11 210 193 17 30 11 - _ • 9 la DO 3 3 3 119 104 80 1 . 59 1 . 50 1 .5 0 - 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 16 10 17 17 15 30 30 30 5 5 949 840 711 1 .5 9 1 .6 1 1. 6 4 17 17 17 «. 200 112 68 60 60 49 50 50 47 1 39 128 95 2 31 224 - 74 74 58 202 64 64 64 58 58 58 - - 711 608 55 55 55 5 5 11 8 1 07 103 16 15 19 18 1 40 1 39 51 49 36 36 60 46 37 27 26 CQ 07 g 12 - - 36 - - 18 18 T i m e -----------------------— W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a l l m e n ) ----- ------- — — — - — T i m e --------------------------------- — W r a p p e r s , b u n d l e — — -----------* M e n ----- ------------------------------- — T i m e -------------- ----- ------------ 108 1 .4 9 - - 4 8 136 104 1 .9 2 1 .9 8 4 4 - - - OA 5 cU c 106 105 1 .5 5 1. 55 12 12 8 8 7 16 1. 31 i K1 on a tim e b a s is . 10 1 - 1 ,4 7 ■ x 2 S ta n d a rd fo r - - " ■ 21 16 16 10 6 2 4 20 20 12 12 9 10 10 15 14 8 1 5 ; 82 12 14 80 41 10 27 35 26 33 29 27 26 A 7 1 vi i . AO pay - 36 30 28 38 33 23 8 8 163 Y ork 3 _ - 430 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m 120 - 2 .4 1 1. 48 1 .4 8 1 .4 8 1 .7 0 1. 55 1. 5 2 I n c e n t i v e — -------— — — -— T u m b le r o p e r a to r s ( l a u n d r y ) --------- * ----------— -----— M e n ----- — —— --------- —— — * i c 141 108 105 127 97 60 1 .7 4 1 .6 5 1 43 1 .7 5 1 T h e N ew W e s t c h e s t e r C o u n tie s . 20 19 11 44 1 - 172 - 2,981 8 4 4 - - 1 ,4 0 1 .4 0 200 6 11 4 56 - 375 M e n ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s )-*"•C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ——--------— 34 pa CO 77 cc - 23 23 29 21 21 1 3 15 1 3 3 JJ 14 14 Jc 17 17 20 20 20 4 4 14 14 8 8 8 8 and fo r w ork on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la t e s h ifts . 36 20 8 4 4 - 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 8 8 8 13 24 9 - 8 - - 8 19 1 12 1 - - 2 4 - 2 2 4 - 1 1 26 36 26 12 8 25 11 1 12 - 2 - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11 28 11 22 18 12 12 16 16 1 11 1 - - 4 4 - 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - “ ' " ' ' 11 12 9 9 3 - - * “ “ M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f N ew Y o r k C ity (B r o n x , o v e r tim e - l - g K in g s , g N ew Y o r k , A p p ro x im a te ly 8 8 Q u een s, s e v e n -te n th s and R ich m o n d C o u n tie s); and N a s s a u , o f th e i n s i d e p la n t w o r k e r s covered b y th e - ' R o c k la n d , S u ffo lk , S tu d y w e r e p a id and Table 63. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— Newark and Jersey City, N.J. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M a y 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num b er of w ork A verh o u r ly 2 w om en M e n ------ 2 ,7 1 9 2 ,0 5 6 663 $ 1. 65 1. 5 4 1 .9 6 156 132 82 108 69 57 1. 50 1 .4 7 1. 49 1 .4 4 1 .4 1 1. 36 15 2. 22 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— 1 U n der $ 1 .2 5 28 26 $ . 25 and under $1 . 30 1 $ . i o J T 7 T T $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 . 35 169 156 13 74 72 5 5 5 - 4 4 3 25 13 13 16 16 16 - - - 69 16 2 1 2 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ . 60 $ 1 .7 0 “ " $ 1 .4 5 " " " $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 .8 0 1 " 4 11 392 19 206 1 70 36 31 27 9 16 11 10 1 60 $ . 222 22 419 3 20 99 331 283 48 31 31 18 40 33 27 10 244 $ . S F $ 1 .9 0 ■ " 1 89 134 55 $ 1.90 202 160 42 $ $ 2.00 " $ 2.10 2.00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 65 43 22 2 20 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 56 J I7 Z U ~ ~ ~ • ■ - - $ 2 . 30 $2. 40 $ 2 . 50 $ . 60 $2. 70 $ . 80 $ . 64 21 19 23 5 18 56 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 - _ _ _ . _ _ _ 127 32 95 27 _ _ 8 2 25 12 20 1 23 19 _ _ _ _ > _ 3 _ - - - 3 1V 7W i r m - 2 2 $ . 90 i r w and - $ 3 .0 0 over 20 11 38 2 20 11 28 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ „ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 4 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 1 8 - 4 1 1 1 1 3 3 - - 10 _ _ _ 8 9 2 5 3 _ 10 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------T im e ■ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g W o m e n --------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h i n e ----------------------W o m e n ----------------------- 574 542 231 311 83 77 34 105 1 .4 4 1.44 - 1 1 12 12 1 11 68 63 5 65 I n c e n t iv e • I d e n t i f i e r s -------W o m e n — —— I n c e n t iv e • M a r k e r s ------------ 1 . 37 1 .4 9 1. 52 1. 50 . 60 1. 50 1 .4 8 1 . 55 58 43 2 . 55 2 .4 0 - _ - - 1 . 66 - 1. 69 ■ 1 .5 6 101 P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g W o m e n (a ll in c e n t iv e ) P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) — — ~ I n c e n t i v e ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------I n c e n t i v e ---------------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s (la u n d ry ) • W o m e n ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s )— W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ) -------------T i m e -------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ) ---------T i m e ------------------- 15 9 474 424 1 - - 1 1 1 11 11 2 6 1 1 1 11 6 6 6 7 5 20 8 8 - - - 141 140 80 78 7 71 3 3 3 9 9 45 45 1 30 114 33 3 3 113 17 17 17 12 8 112 28 22 22 - 1 5 5 5 16 16 13 - 1 1 25 25 5 8 12 2 3 3 1 _ - - 61 17 17 5 5 17 11 10 10 . 2 1 6 6 6 9 9 1 16 13 9 3 2 4 _ _ 1 1 1 - - " - - 1 1 1 - 2 - 1 2 1 7 2 2 2 1 _ 55 49 26 23 14 12 1 19 19 17 1 1 6 15 12 _ 12 4 2 2 7 3 6 _ 6 1 1 1 3 _ _ 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 - 4 4 5 5 11 _ _ 7 - 3 3 _ 13 _ _ _ _ 1 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 1 4 " 1 _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ 317 . 17 51 51 103 103 64 64 126 126 12 12 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ " - - - - - - 237 189 1 . 60 11 11 - 7 7 41 27 17 17 43 9 31 31 32 32 14 14 13 13 9 9 14 14 4 4 - - - 1 1 - - - - - 57 1. 4 6 - 2 1 27 2 3 11 6 1 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 48 1. 4 4 - 2 1 27 - 3 7 4 - 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 75 68 2. 01 . . _ 8 _ _ - - 1 1 _ - 4 3 5 2 .0 3 19 16 5 - - - 11 11 - - 11 11 - - 59 53 1 .4 9 1. 51 _ 1 1 3 3 22 3 3 _ 4 - 4 - - “ - - " _ 18 12 12 4 2 _ - 4 4 8 8 5 5 _ - 8 8 5 1 1 _ “ _ " - 1 T h e N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a s c o n s is t o f E s s e x , H u d son , M o r r i s , and U n ion C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly o n e -h a l f o f the in s id e plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by the study w e r e pa id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s ; 5 at $ 3. 30 to $ 3. 4 0; 2 at $ 3. 60 to $ 3. 70; 5 at $ 3. 80 to $ 3. 90; and 5 at $ 3. 90 and o v e r . -4 CO Table 64. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— Philadelphia, Pa.—N.J. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) Num ber of ers T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- 3, 8 1 0 3, 0 4 6 764 A verh o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 $1. 50 1. 4 4 1. 7 4 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— 1 60 T O T $ . l o T O T $1. 30 $1. 3 T $1. 4 0 $1. 4 5 T 1 7 T 0 $ 1 . 6 0 $1. 7 0 $ 1. 8 0 $ 1. 9 0 $2. 10 $ 2 . 2 0 $2. 30 $ 2. 4 0 $ 2 . SO $ 2 . $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $ 2. 9 0 $ 3 7 5 0 and and $ 1. 15 u n d e r $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35, $1. 40 $ 1. 4 5 $ 1 . 50 $ 1. 6 0 $ 1 . 7 0 $1. 8 0 $1. 9 0 $ 2. 0 0 $2. 10 $2. 2 0 $2. 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2. 5 0 $ 2 . 6 0 $2. 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $2. 9 0 $3. 00 o v e r 66 69 49 17 66 3 o o O c c u p a t io n and s e x 74 71 3 673 628 45 761 652 109 420 347 73 373 277 96 190 3 17 256 61 221 1 65 25 12 12 11 1 81 73 53 22 22 6 6 16 9 17 5 - 6 20 30 30 15 15 6 4 25 16 9 14 17 2 12 6 11 7 4 3 10 1 - - - - - - _ - 181 141 40 97 69 28 72 34 38 6 6 10 - 3 3 3 2 - - - 3 3 3 9 - - - 2 7 5 12 8 6 2 2 4 _ _ 4 2 4 - - - - - - - - 2 1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 _ 2 _ 2 _ _ - - - - - _ _ - 187 34 59 30 29 53 14 39 - 2 2 38 13 25 63 16 47 7 3 9 1 6 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ - - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s -----------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e -----------------------------In c e n t iv e ----------------------C le r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------T im e -----------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ----------------------------M en 4 -----------------------------------E x tra ctor op e ra to rs, pow er la u n d ry ( a ll m en ) ----------------T im e -----------------------------------F in i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e --------------------------------- 41 40 36 47 7 7 7 - - - - - - - 1. 4 8 1. 37 3 10 10 _ _ - - 23 23 9 7 9 9 - - - _ - - 17 2. 0 6 2. 0 6 32 28 1. 6 2 1. 5 4 1 97 1 79 1 15 64 92 68 22 1. 1. 1. 1. _ _ " - 34 33 27 37 15 15 14 54 54 48 1 13 199 119 67 1 05 73 2. 00 _ 127 92 73 2. 3 0 2 . 15 2 . 29 487 469 1. 53 1. 53 2 2 236 232 1 63 1. 5 0 1. 5 0 1. 57 59 37 1. 41 1. 4 3 94 53 1. 7 6 1. 7 0 89 1. 3 4 1, 0 3 6 982 T im e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o il e r ( a l l m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) I d e n t ifie r s -------------------------------I n c e n t iv e ----------------------M a r k e r s ( a l l w o m e n ) -----------I n c e n t iv e ----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y cle a n in g — W o m e n -------------------------------In c e n tiv e ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) ---------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l ( l a u n d r y ) ----------------W o m e n --------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s M en 4 -----------------------------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (8 3 w o m e n and 6 m en ) 4 ------------ 1 4 3 2 345 637 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 45 44 46 47 51 - - _ - - - - - - 4 4 4 4 8 8 2 2 7 7 “ 49 44 5 39 26 26 46 46 _ 9 1 1 _ _ - - 409 404 215 189 217 204 40 164 120 6 38 38 3 35 _ _ _ _ _ 5 5 4 6 79 38 23 24 18 22 5 5 5 10 1 7 5 10 8 6 12 8 22 22 10 8 l 3 3 8 8 9 9 9 2 2 2 4 4 _ - “ - - 86 55 55 79 78 40 37 66 6 6 18 18 15 28 27 25 18 14 3 3 91 12 79 2 - - - 1 1 - _ _ - _ - - 1 1 2 4 6 6 4 4 4 4 28 24 74 72 _ _ - - 3 3 - - 1 8 8 2 77 77 36 30 29 15 _ _ 1 1 6 - - - - 20 12 _ _ _ 3 4 - - - 1 1 1 - 9 7 6 - 1 5 37 16 8 1 5 4 4 • 8 4 _ . - 1 45 _ - - 1 25 82 7 16 11 1 10 46 44 4 40 _ 18 15 14 14 14 11 11 - _ - 11 2 _ - - _ _ _ - - _ - 3 3 - - - _ _ _ - - - 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - " - - - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - 1 1 2 2 - - - 1 - 2 _ 3 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ 3 - 2 - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - 1 1 1 _ 3 - 1 1 2 1 1 5 29 16 - . 4 4 4 7 7 _ 2 . 1 1 3 5 - 1 6 - - - 5 3 2 - 1 1 - 20 16 6 - - - 1 1 2 1 1 5 5 5 9 3 3 11 6 6 10 10 10 3 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 12 12 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ 63 28 27 - - - - - - - - 21 21 20 22 22 22 6 6 6 5 4 4 2 2 2 4 4 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 _ 1 1 1 . _ _ - - - - - 1 1 1 . - - - - 9 7 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - " - 3 3 11 11 9 7 15 7 4 7 4 5 4 _ 1 1 _ _ _ - 2 17 7 - - - - 2 12 - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - 1 1 16 1 T h e P h ila d e lp h ia S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B u c k s, C h e s t e r , D e la w a r e , M o n t g o m e r y , an d P h ila d e lp h ia C o u n t ie s , P a . , and B u r lin g to n , C a m d en , and G lo u c e s t e r C o u n t ie s , N . J . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly o n e -h a l f o f the in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a tim e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 1 . 1 0 to $ 1 . 1 5 . 4 I n s u ffic ie n t da ta t o w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a te a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w ag e p a y m e n t; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . * W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s ; 4 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10; 5 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3 . 20; 2 at $ 3. 20 to $ 3. 30; 4 at $ 3. 30 t o $ 3. 4 0 ; 3 a t $ 3. 4 0 to $ 3. 50; 1 at $3, 50 t o $3. 60; and 10 at $3. 60 and o v e r . Table 65. Occupational Earnings: Power Laundries— San Francisco—Oakland, Calif.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l .................................................. W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- of w ork ers A v era g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .6 0 $1 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 under $ 1 .7 0 ■ “ " ~ " $1 .8 0 $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 2, 014 1, 686 328 $ 2 . 12 2. 00 2. 78 37 24 13 96 2. 09 _ 94 2. 09 - - 86 2. 08 4 20 18 2. 41 2. 45 - 414 406 109 1 .8 7 1 .8 7 2. 06 100 61 45 39 $ 2 . 20 26 24 2 351 341 10 745 744 1 255 251 4 113 101 12 43 39 4 _ _ 15 53 14 _ - 15 51 8 2 16 2 - - - - - - - - - - 16 16 _ 235 235 6 2. 05 - - _ 2. 70 2. 53 2. 37 - _ _ 412 372 1. 99 1 .9 7 - - 161 156 133 1 .9 5 1. 94 1 .9 1 - 14 2. 01 11 1 .9 4 71 26 11 2. 51 2. 11 2. 33 40 34 6 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 30 - - - - - and $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 .9 0 over 34 14 20. 104 10 94 $ 2 .9 0 67 46 21 109 32 77 12 _ 2 _ _ _ _ . 14 12 _ 2 _ _ _ . _ 12 . 8 22 12 . 2 - - - - - 6 6 5 5 7 7 _ _ _ 156 148 19 5 5 62 2 2 17 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ 5 _ _ _ 2 19 62 17 - _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ 20 20 20 _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 13 11 10 8 8 3 10 4 - 33 33 319 305 38 32 12 2 2 2 6 _ _ - - . _ _ - _ . . _ 4 4 4 25 25 25 96 96 94 17 17 8 14 14 2 - . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 2 8 - 2 - - 1 1 - - - - - _ _ 2 8 _ - _ _ . 1 _ _ _ _ - _ _ . - _ 5 _ 5 23 _ _ 7 5 - - - - _ _ _ _ _ “ “ 2 ■ - " 13 “ - ■ 2 2 26 9 9 - ■ - “ - 38 5 33 16 3 13 36 18 18 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ---------------------------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w ork ers) — E x tra ctor op e ra to rs, p o w e r la u n d r y ----------------------M en (a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----F i n i s h e r s , fla t w o r k , m a c h in e ( a ll w o m e n ) ---------T i m e _________- __ - ____ - ____ M a r k e r s ----------------------------------W o m e n ( a ll t i m e w ork ers) — P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------W o m e n __ ____ _____________ T i m e ____ ___ ______ _____ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T i m e ______ _____ - __________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l W o m e n _______________ ____ _ T i m e _________- ___ _____ T u m b le r o p e r a t o r s ( l a u n d r y ) ------------------------------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w ork ers) — W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ( a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ----- ------ M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) — . _ _ 5 “ _ _ 1 T h e San F r a n c is c o ^ O a k la n d S ta n da rd M e tr o p o lita n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A la m e d a , C on tra C o s ta , M a r in , San F r a n c i s c o , and San M a te o C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on t im e b a s i s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 2 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 4 0 ; 2 at $ 3 . 9 0 to $ 4 ; and 6 at $ 4 and o v e r . ^1 01 Table 66. Occupational Earnings: (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s Drycleaners— Baltimore, Md.1 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , June 1966) i N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— A vera ge $1. 10 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 h o u r ly U nder and e a r n i n g s 13 24 5 and $1. 10 un d er $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $1. 40 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 o v e r O c c u p a t io n and s e x N u m ber of w ork ers T o t a l -----------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------- 2, 008 1, 605 403 $ 1. 42 1. 37 1. 62 505 453 52 156 121 35 88 81 7 42 38 4 276 225 51 73 64 9 119 108 11 67 54 13 17 13 4 108 95 13 96 79 17 103 71 32 61 33 28 52 38 14 82 32 50 17 14 3 20 4 16 15 6 9 7 2 5 25 4 21 33 24 9 16 16 - 30 30 - 79 43 1. 13 1. 19 3 21 3 26 8 12 12 2 2 10 10 - 8 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 585 531 54 1. 13 1. 12 1. 21 280 280 - 41 30 11 16 11 5 23 23 - 139 105 34 13 9 4 41 41 _ 9 9 _ 2 2 _ 10 10 - 2 2 - 9 9 - _ - _ _ _ - - - _ - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — M a r k e r s ----------------------------------W om en (a lltim e w o r k e r s )-P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g ---------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------M e n ( a l l in c e n t iv e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a l l w o m e n ) ----------------------------T im e ----------------------—-—-------I n c e n t i v e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (l a u n d r y )------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e --------------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l -------------------M en ( a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----S p o t t e r s , w o o l ( a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----- 4 90 1. 77 - - - - 5 5 - - 4 6 1 15 19 9 24 - - 2 - - - - - 20 26 22 1. 55 1. 07 1. 08 2 3 16 12 1 2 2 4 4 4 - 2 4 4 - 2 _ - - _ - - - - - - 9 - - - - _ - - _ - _ - _ - 358 2 74 230 1. 94 1. 93 2. 01 13 2 2 1 1 1 18 18 18 - 12 1 1 2 2 2 24 24 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 44 41 41 45 36 14 9 9 9 20 20 20 28 23 23 16 14 14 12 12 12 11 2 2 9 4 4 - 24 4 4 29 20 20 16 16 16 23 23 23 84 1. 97 11 - - - 11 - - - - 3 9 - - 5 2 - 9 5 - 20 9 - - 241 62 179 1. 48 1. 18 1. 59 5 32 31 1 2 2 - - 10 9 1 9 9 - 39 39 - 8 8 8 8 43 11 32 28 28 46 46 4 4 10 10 - 2 2 - - - - - - - 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 3 11 11 11 - 3 3 3 - 9 9 9 - 1 1 - 3 3 3 5 - 5 5 - 5 5 2 2 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - “ 4 2 “ - 57 52 26 14 8 41 33 10 55 70 8 1. 77 - - 15 1. 13 36 3 " _ 5 5 - - - 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 5 4 5 5 - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 2 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - * “ " " “ " ‘ " ' " “ " ' - 1 T h e B a lt i m o r e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the c it y o f B a lt im o r e , and the co u n tie s o f A n n e A r u n d e l, B a lt im o r e , C a r r o ll , and H ow a rd . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stud y w e r e p a id on t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e a t $1 to $ 1 . 0 5 . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 10 und er $ 1 ; 245 at $1 to $ 1 .0 5 ; and 25 at $ 1 . 05 to $ 1 . 10. 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 un d er $ 1 ; 20 at $1 to $ 1 . 05; and 11 at $ 1 . 05 to $ 1 . 10. Table 67. Occupational Earnings: Drycleaners— Boston, Mass.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— of w ork ers O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ___________________________ W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- h o u r ly e a rn in g s 13 24 2, 082 1, 571 511 $ 1 .7 7 1 .5 9 2. 33 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 25 u n d er $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 26 24 2 180 175 5 - - 106 106 106 10 10 - 4 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 $3. 00 and $1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 333 327 6 125 118 7 154 141 13 27 25 2 243 233 10 122 90 32 100 85 15 26 20 4 1 4 2 2 20 26 26 25 1 9 9 9 4 117 116 116 2 20 20 20 - - 8 8 . 3 3 4 63 63 63 _ . . . 12 5 5 5 . - 6 - - over 17 25 152 152 152 $2. 50 $2. 60 $ 2 .7 0 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 $3. 00 88 52 36 61 53 8 124 65 59 . 19 19 19 21 21 79 66 13 76 20 56 20 1 19 167 46 121 21 12 9 _ 27 16 _ _ _ 19 13 6 _ _ 13 13 - 6 . 27 5 22 1 1 - _ _ 2 2 5 5 . _ - 89 19 70 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 76 W o m e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -----W n^ pr) T i m e -----------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ) --------T i m e ------------------------------- M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) -----------T i m e ----------------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c l e a n i n g --------------------------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w ork ers) — P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e ---------------- ------ -----I n c e n t i v e ---- —— - — - — P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d r y ) (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l ------------------M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) — W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------n *t rr> = i > _ W r a p p e r s , b u n d le (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) — 1 .4 7 70 528 527 526 81 70 63 61 1 .4 5 1 .4 1 1 .4 1 1 .4 1 2. 32 2. 33 1 .4 8 1 .4 6 38 1 .7 1 - - _ - 1 1 24 24 11 11 2 11 1\ 11 5 5 5 4 - 6 9 2 - - _ 4 4 1 2 « _ 2 1 _ - _ - 33 1 .6 1 . . 4 6 - - 6 9 2 . 2 2 1 * 1 _ _ 2. 35 2. 08 1 .9 5 2. 52 2. 57 2 .4 3 - 8 4 4 6 5 5 - 1 1 - 12 12 11 1 - 15 15 15 . - 14 11 11 _ 3 3 24 23 4 19 1 1 21 6 6 _ 15 15 10 4 4 _ 6 6 30 29 29 . 1 1 39 15 15 _ 24 24 1 16 16 88 2 2 _ 86 86 15 10 10 - 10 10 9 1 - 17 1 _ 4 4 7 7 7 . - - - . . - 216 213 124 89 1 .9 8 1 .9 8 1 .8 9 2. 10 - • - 7 7 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 . 2 2 2 2 21 21 17 4 19 19 12 7 45 45 38 7 . - 9 7 7 27 27 22 5 8 8 • 8 36 35 10 25 4 4 _ 4 _ _ * 23 23 20 3 8 36 32 1 .4 3 2. 94 3. 12 - _ _ 2 2 , - 4 . 2 - . . _ . 1 1 - - 1 . 1 - l 1 11 11 15 g 1 .8 0 1 .4 5 - _ - - 5 5 1 1 4 2 1 2 * • _ 13 1. 59 " ■ ~ ~ 2 5 * • - _ _ 387 170 132 38 217 188 - “ 2 4 - - l „ * - _ _ _ " - 5 5 16 _ _ _ 16 16 » 2 2 5 5 _ 2 5 . _ _ . _ _ _ _ . “ _ 4 4 „ _ _ 2 - - - " - 1 1 3 54 15 _ 1 15 39 10 4 4 _ 4 4 19 19 1 T he B o s to n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f 76 c i t i e s and to w n s in S u ffo lk , E s s e x , M id d le s e x , N o r fo lk , and P ly m o u th C o u n t ie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s i s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 10 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; 1 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 16 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 40; 24 at $ 3 . 40 to $ 3 . 50; and 3 at $ 3 . 50 and o v e r . 4 A l l w e r e at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10. Table 68. Occupational Earnings: 0 0 Drycleaners— Chicago, 111. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u ly 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l --------- -------- ----------------W o m e n ----------------- -------- _ M en - — ------------- __ ------ iNumDer of w ork ers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — A v era g e $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $1. 45 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. bo h o u r ly and U n d er and e a r n i n g s 13 24 $1. 20 u n d er $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o v e r 7 ,8 9 8 5 ,9 6 6 1 ,9 3 2 $ 1 .7 6 1. 57 2. 35 4 00 372 28 342 342 856 776 80 955 892 63 531 477 54 293 266 27 216 211 5 777 688 89 513 4 83 30 557 316 241 269 219 50 158 139 19 192 57 135 247 147 100 269 115 154 107 22 85 99 73 26 152 73 79 103 21 82 94 48 46 102 29 73 126 46 80 540 154 386 416 370 332 2, 636 2, 578 2, 120 1 .4 4 1 .4 2 1 .3 8 1. 34 1 .3 4 1. 33 36 36 36 269 257 209 56 56 56 231 231 227 100 92 92 559 533 479 17 17 17 654 646 438 13 13 11 252 248 188 8 4 146 146 130 4 4 97 97 81 37 37 36 159 159 141 10 10 2 139 139 119 112 78 78 79 79 69 15 15 4 37 37 37 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 - 2 2 4 - _ - _ - _ 4 4 - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 282 217 2. 28 1 .4 0 - 40 33 5 12 30 35 33 8 6 23 12 19 15 4 31 34 36 20 - 5 60 4 - 34 - 157 143 115 1 .4 0 1. 53 1 .4 4 - 40 - 10 15 15 3 25 24 14 10 9 35 24 24 28 - 8 6 5 34 34 4 7 - 15 - 9 - 6 2 4 2 3 - - - - - - - - - 436 4 02 251 1. 90 1 .8 8 1 .7 1 - - 4 4 4 14 14 14 38 38 4 2 2 2 8 8 6 106 106 96 26 26 26 - 69 69 61 13 13 4 6 6 - 55 21 - 35 35 34 - - 4 4 - 4 4 - 34 34 - 6 6 - - 12 12 - 1 ,2 2 6 588 521 638 535 2 .5 9 2. 25 2. 34 2. 91 3. 14 6 6 6 - _ - - 3 3 - 47 21 ,21 26 - 26 26 24 - - 98 76 32 22 18 35 16 4 19 4 99 57 52 42 2 13 11 7 2 2 62 54 54 8 8 20 12 12 8 8 47 39 39 8 8 86 34 34 52 37 46 14 14 32 32 71 57 57 14 14 17 14 14 3 3 23 1 1 22 22 5 5 5 - 56 8 8 48 48 60 46 46 14 14 3 406 91 91 315 315 603 409 101 82 80 71 96 62 59 1 .7 2 1 .7 8 2. 52 2. 64 1 .9 1 1 .9 6 1 .5 9 1. 35 1. 35 15 15 - 6 6 4 15 15 - 39 33 - 39 37 - 18 14 1 - 37 37 - 26 26 - 208 34 1 42 42 3 14 14 2 2 2 10 10 8 2 2 - 35 35 4 4 - 24 16 15 15 8 8 34 - 17 17 16 8 2 1 1 4 4 17 17 - 8 8 10 10 - 8 8 - 12 12 - 9 9 - - 13 13 16 16 4 4 - 9 9 4 15 15 - “ “ ■ " ■ “ _ ~ S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ---------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e _____ ____ ____ C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -----W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (12 w o m e n and 270 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------- — _ I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g -------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w ork ers) — M a r k e r s (a ll w o m e n ) -----------T im e ____ ___________________ P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------W om en T i m e __ _______ _________ P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n in g --------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M e n _____ ___ .._r ,__ ____ _ __ I n c e n t i v e ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) --------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------------S p o t t e r s , s i l k -------------------------M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----S p o t t e r s , w o o l ------------------- -— M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----W r a p p e r s , b u n d l e ----------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------ ■ 4 4 - - - 12 12 17 17 17 5 19 19 19 4 4 4 " - - - 4 4 4 9 9 6 3 3 3 - ~ - - - " - 12 12 24 24 - ~ “ " 1 T he C h ic a g o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o o k , Du P a g e , K a n e, L a k e , M c H e n r y , and W ill C o u n tie s. 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly s e v e n -t e n t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s a r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 11 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 1 0 ; 115 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 . 2 0 ; 7 at $ 3 . 2 0 to $ 3 . 3 0 ; 54 at $ 3 . 3 0 t o $ 3 . 4 0 ; 45 at $ 3 . 4 0 t o $ 3 . 5 0 ; 10 at $ 3 . 5 0 to $ 3 . 6 0 ; 20 at $ 3 . 6 0 to $ 3 . 7 0 ; 52 a t $ 3 . 7 0 t o $ 3 . 8 0 ; 3 at $ 3 . 8 0 to $ 3 . 9 0 ; 14 at $ 3 .9 0 to $ 4 ; and 75 at $ 4 and o v e r . 4 W o r k e r s a r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 4 at $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 20; 4 at $ 3. 20 to $ 3. 30; 3 at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 6 0 ; and 4 at $ 4 . 10 to $ 4 . 2 0 . Table 69. Occupational Earnings: Drycleaners— Detroit, Mich.* (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay—June 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- Num ber of w ork ers A ver N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— a ge $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $ 3. 00 h o u r ly e a r n U n der and and i n g s 2 $1. 15 u n d er $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $1. 90 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 o v e r 5, 111 3 ,9 9 9 1 ,1 1 2 $1. 71 1. 52 2. 40 412 300 112 191 191 - 192 186 6 529 499 30 442 427 15 423 423 71 1. 36 - - 6 25 6 1, 122 167 145 1. 31 2. 43 2. 53 34 - 104 - 127 - 233 - 263 _ 155 1 .4 4 1 6 2 14 59 125 1. 43 - 12 6 33 _ 188 182 119 63 2. 1. 1. 2. 01 99 65 65 _ - - - _ 901 454 128 326 447 169 278 2. 2. 1. 2. 2. 1. 3. 46 06 93 12 87 87 47 _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - 495 438 1. 82 1. 86 15 - 26 26 14 - 182 94 73 60 2. 81 1 .4 4 1 .4 5 1. 41 _ - - 52 1. 23 7 6 184 160 24 80 78 2 474 446 28 472 359 113 303 222 81 122 114 8 50 41 9 176 90 86 124 95 29 66 46 20 76 65 11 45 22 23 161 126 35 65 29 36 87 11 76 22 22 - 28 14 14 11 6 4 6 - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - 168 - 61 6 6 5 6 - 92 6 4 7 16 14 21 17 15' _ 4 _ _ 6 6 7 10 8 10 6 _ 1 1 _ 6 6 _ - 14 14 - 6 6 - - 3 2 11 18 7 25 - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - 9 4 4 42 9 - 3 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - 67 67 66 1 1 1 1 - 15 15 15 _ 25 25 25 _ 9 9 9 - - 3 3 3 - _ 20 20 20 - 3 3 3 19 13 13 3 3 3 7 7 7 13 13 13 3 3 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 60 60 _ 60 _ - 3 _ _ 3 3 - _ _ _ _ _ - 24 12 _ 12 12 12 _ 123 94 32 62 29 29 - 93 27 24 3 66 66 - 16 15 6 9 1 _ 1 7 7 _ 7 _ _ _ 57 38 35 3 19 19 - 46 24 10 14 22 21 1 27 16 14 2 11 3 8 34 32 _ 32 2 _ 2 23 6 _ 6 17 7 10 79 65 65 14 6 8 36 10 _ 10 26 _ 26 8 8 7 1 _ _ - 15 15 _ 15 _ _ _ - _ - 32 32 1 1 _ - 74 74 53 47 50 50 29 25 15 12 20 7 64 64 24 22 13 13 13 13 52 52 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 7 7 6 6 6 16 3 3 1 5 5 5 6 _ - 27 26 26 6 6 6 20 20 7 2 _ _ 6 - _ _ 32 _ - _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 59 _ _ _ _ _ _ 582 _ _ “ 32 7 “ “ " " ■ “ “ ■ " ■ " ■ _ 387 33 384 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s )------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s -----------------------------M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g (a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s )— M a r k e r s (1 2 2 w o m e n and 3 m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — P r e s s e r s , h a n d, d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------M e n -------------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------S p o tte rs, g en era l (9 w o m e n and 173 m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W a s h e r s , m a c h in e ----------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) — _ " 3 59 59 14 4 236 1 24 _ _ 1 24 13 212 _ 3 13 209 ■ 1 T h e D e t r o i t S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a c o m b , O a k la n d , and W ayn e C o u n tie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t h r e e - fo u r t h s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e paid on a tim e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 33 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 and 26 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 ,6 0 . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 63 at $3 to $ 3 .1 0 ; 1 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 8 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 .3 0 ; 14 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 70 at $ 3 .4 0 to $ 3 .5 0 ; 1 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 ; 6 at $ 3 .6 0 to $ 3 .7 0 ; 14 at $ 3 .7 0 to $ 3 .8 0 ; 7 at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 ; 26 at $ 4 .6 0 to $ 4 .7 0 ; and 26 at $ 4 .9 0 to $5. 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 60 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 3 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 .3 0 ; 6 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 7 at $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .6 0 ; and 6at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 . ^1 (0 Table 70. Occupational Earnings: Drycleaners— Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove, Calif. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay—J u ly 1966) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Total_____________ W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- of w ork ers h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 W T W $ 1 .4 0 $ T 7 ?3 fTTSS li T S c r $1. 70 $ i ; w $1. 90 WToo $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 I f T T o 1 27 30 ■$2760 ■$2770" $2. $0 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $ 3 .2 0 $3730 and $1. 35 u n d er $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 o v e r 38 30 8 45 12 33 40 14 26 12 12 - _ _ - _ _ _ _ 42 42 40 _ - _ - _ 8 8 8 - _ _ 2 2 2 _ - . 151 93 83 58 48 42 42 36 _ _ 194 4 190 187 24 24 20 . 8 6 2 - 2 2 14 14 52 40 12 6 6 6 6 - - 2 2 2 2 2 2 11 11 4 ,5 9 9 3 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 9 9 $2. 00 1. 79 2. 40 360 302 58 151 121 30 128 115 13 84 44 40 650 512 138 507 427 80 332 278 54 300 194 106 76 40 36 165 163 156 842 836 788 229 222 210 102 90 76 1 .6 4 1. 64 1. 62 1 .5 0 1 .5 1 1. 50 2. 70 2. 71 2. 64 1 .5 6 1. 56 1 .5 2 3 18 18 18 4 201 197 189 _ _ _ 19 19 19 6 6 6 36 36 36 _ _ - 11 9 9 44 44 40 _ _ _ 19 19 19 4 4 4 19 17 13 « 6 6 6 34 34 33 256 256 246 9 9 9 33 25 18 32 32 32 162 162 1.50 _ - 2 _ _ 25 25 24 57 57 51 2 2 2 9 9 6 10 10 10 67 67 63 45 45 45 . - 1 1 _ _ _ 5 5 5 _ _ _ 3 . _ _ _ 60 44 47 28 21 12 6 9 9 14 14 9 . - 1 1 _ - 130 93 86 37 37 141 100 84 41 41 137 90 62 47 39 7 7 42 36 6 6 6 4 4 8 12 12 . . _ 4 4 _ _ - - - - ~ 2 2 2 2 6 6 338 239 99 255 204 51 235 157 78 200 123 77 20 20 20 _ «. _ - 73 62 11 347 66 281 4 4 123 22 101 57 6 51 . - _ % _ 4 _ _ - _ _ _ - . _ 20 _ . . 38 14 _ 24 20 8 8 - 50 2 _ 48 48 8 4 4 - 5 5 - 95 18 77 42 - - 2 2 - - . _ - - - ■ ■ 5 . 5 243 20 223 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s -----------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -----W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ---------------------------M e n -------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------M a r k e r s ----------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------— T im e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , h a n d, d r y c l e a n in g ( a ll w o m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------T im e ------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , w e a r in g a p p a r e l (la u n d ry ) (a ll w o m e n ) --------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l -----------------------M en ( a ll t im e w o r k e r s ) ----- 1 The L os 2 E x c lu d e s a t im e b a s is . 3 W ork ers 4 W ork ers 5 W ork ers _ 201 2. 22 . . 1 ,0 8 3 541 386 542 471 2 .4 8 2. 27 2. 19 2. 69 2. 60 _ - _ _ _ _ 9 9 . _ 7 7 _ _ 232 101 131 2. 03 1 .9 9 2. 06 - 2 2 9 9 - - 22 16 6 38 38 36 14 45 39 1. 64 1. 89 2 .4 2 2. 58 2 2 4 7 - - 6 6 7 - - 2 “ " 4 " . 2 - _ _ ' _ _ 4 4 4 6 4 - 8 _ _ „ 16 16 16 8 8 8 _ - A n g e le s —L on g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa Ana—G a rd en G r o v e S tandard M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a s c o n s is t p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly n in e -te n th s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : _ . 9 9 9 - _ . " _ _ _ _ „ _ - - - - - ~ ' " " _ 20 20 20 - 8 8 8 8 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ . s 60 60 50 - o f L o s A n g e le s and G ra n g e C o u n tie s . o f the in s id e plant w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on 4 u n d er $ 1 .2 5 and 14 at $ 1 .3 0 to $ 1 .3 5 . 19 u n d er $ 1 .2 5 ; 58 at $ 1 .2 5 to $ 1 .3 0 ; and 124 at $ 1 .3 0 to $ 1 .3 5 . 20 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 2 at $ 3 .8 0 to $ 3 .9 0 ; 24 at $ 3 .9 0 to $4; and 14 at $ 4 and o v e r . Table 71. Occupational Earnings: Drycleaners— New York, N.Y. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , M ay— u n e 1966) J O c c u p a t io n and s e x W o m e n ---------------------------------M en -------------------------------------- Num ber of wo rk ers A vera ge h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 N u m be r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— $1. 25 U n der and $1. 25 u n d er $1. 30 8 , 665 4 ,5 6 5 4 , 100 $ 1 .8 7 1. 64 2. 13 5 3 2 269 1. 64 $2. 10 $ 2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $1. 35 $1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $ 3 .0 0 _ Jz. and 436 337 99 1040 908 132 454 304 150 388 224 164 689 488 201 505 332 173 821 428 39 3 634 262 372 290 148 142 7 84 367 417 222 30 192 425 145 280 166 72 94 4 405 308 97 6o~ $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 $ 3 .0 0 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 4 37 74 _ _ 75 75 - - - . _ _ - - - - - 85 4 81 367 83 284 241 _ 241 , - over 54 _ 54 148 100 48 _ _ _ . _ - - - - 506 22 4 84 S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ------------------------------W o m e n ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------------------------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e iv in g (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------W o m e n --------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c l e a n i n g -------M en ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----M a r k e r s ------------------------------------W o m e n (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------------------P r e s s e r s , hand, d r y c le a n in g ---------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g ---------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------M en -------------------------------------T im e ------------------------------In c e n t iv e -----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s -------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------T im e ------------------------------I n c e n t iv e -----------------------S p otters, g en era l ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------M e n ---------------------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l -----------------------M en ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) -----W a s h e r s , m a c h in e (a ll m e n ; a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) --------W r a p p e r s , b u n d le ------------------W o m e n ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------- 173 1. 60 - 4 4 4 74 - 75 12 - - - - - - 1, 155 1 ,0 9 4 1 .4 6 1 .4 5 - _ 171 171 475 474 53 53 50 50 148 136 92 59 74 74 14 2 75 75 3 - - - - - - - - - - - 138 64 32 119 1 .9 4 1. 57 1. 39 1. 70 - 33 12 8 4 8 8 4 14 12 8 - 6 8 8 - 12 - 14 - 43 - 6 24 45 6 - 33 - - - - - 35 - - - - 2 - 68 1 .9 2 - - - 2 - - - - - 33 - 33 - - - - - - - - - - 9 44 896 831 1 .8 2 1 .8 1 1 .7 7 - 156 156 156 12 12 12 24 24 24 105 105 105 36 36 36 36 36 36 12 12 12 60 36 36 20 8 8 10 10 10 203 203 203 12 12 12 133 133 133 63 63 - _ - 60 48 48 - _ - _ - _ - 2 2 2 1 ,9 3 5 600 338 262 1 ,3 3 5 463 872 2. 24 1 .7 7 1 .6 1 1 .9 7 2. 46 1 .9 2 2. 74 2 _ 2 _ 2 2 2 2 _ _ - 47 37 16 21 10 _ 10 67 55 41 14 12 4 8 29 13 13 16 16 - 59 31 20 11 28 24 4 100 84 77 7 16 12 4 75 71 61 10 4 _ 4 292 132 111 21 160 123 37 189 51 12 39 138 97 41 73 22 22 51 12 39 166 20 20 146 67 79 32 12 12 20 12 8 79 10 10 69 63 6 15 9 9 6 _ 6 70 4 4 66 33 33 4 2 2 2 _ 2 189 189 _ 189 33 33 _ 33 37 37 37 _ _ - _ _ - 3 375 8 8 367 _ 367 646 640 327 313 1. 53 1. 53 1. 35 1 .7 1 1 1 1 126 126 126 _ 15 15 10 5 167 167 80 87 45 43 33 10 9 9 9 88 88 76 12 16 14 2 12 19 19 19 61 59 59 3 3 3 96 96 _ 96 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 410 388 42 30 2. 2. 2. 2. - - - 4 4 _ _ 4 4 2 2 33 33 _ _ _ 193 193 _ _ _ _ _ _ 100 100 4 4 _ _ - 34 33 4 4 _ _ _ _ 19 14 2 2 _ _ _ 8 5 _ _ 2 2 - 4 12 _ - - 4 4 1 - - _ _ 4 12 12 - - - - 2 6 2 - - 2 4 4 4 - 4 - - - - - - - _ _ _ . 6 " ~ 4 4 ~ 4 “ " ' - - - - - 27 31 08 31 20 88 1. 61 1. 47 - 76 1 .4 7 ■ - 8 2 2 14 2 20 4 24 4 12 14 20 24 - - - _ _ _ _ _ 1 T h e N ew Y o r k S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f N ew Y o r k C ity (B r o n x , K in g s , N ew Y o r k , Q u e e n s , and R ic h m o n d C ou n ties); and N a s s a u , R ock la n d,, S u ffo lk , and W e s t c h e s t e r C o u n t ie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly fo u r - f i f t h s o f th e in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the study w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 67 at $ 3 to $ 3 .1 0 ; 37 at $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 . 20; 33 at $ 3 .2 0 to $ 3 . 3 0 ; 189 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 . 4 0 ; 4 at $ 3 . 7 0 to $ 3 . 8 0 ; and 45 at $ 4 and o v e r . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10. Table 72. Occupational Earnings: Drycleaners--- Philadelphia, Pa.—N.J (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s , Ju n e 1966) O c c u p a t io n and s e x Num ber of w ork ers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — A verage $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $1. 2 6 $1. 25 $ 1 .3 0 $1735 $ r . 4 f r $ 1 .4 5 $1750 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10 $ 27 20 $2. 3(5 $2. 40 $2. 6o $ 2 /6 0 $2. 70 $2. $0 $2. 90 h o u r ly U n d er and and ea rn $1. 10 u n d er in g s 1 2 $1. 15 $1. 20 $1. 25 $1. 30 $1. 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $2. 50 $2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 o v e r T o t a l ----------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------- 3 ,5 5 7 2, 330 1 ,2 2 7 $ 1 .7 6 1. 60 2. 06 - 402 309 93 155 118 37 284 264 20 200 152 48 51 39 12 299 241 58 199 127 72 130 89 41 154 76 78 202 132 70 236 65 171 170 53 117 130 18 112 104 44 60 27 10 17 75 18 57 74 36 38 60 43 17 10 10 184 85 99 - - - - - 63 63 - 122 122 131 131 95 95 - - S e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s A s s e m b l e r s ( a ll w o m e n ; a l l t im e w o r k e r s ) - - — ---------C l e r k s , r e t a il r e c e i v i n g -----W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------D r y c l e a n e r s ( a ll m e n ; a l l t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----------------I n s p e c t o r s , d r y c le a n in g ( a ll w o m e n )3 -------------------------5 4 M a r k e r s ( a ll w o m e n ) -----------T i m e ----------------------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , d r y c l e a n i n g --------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------M e n -------------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------P r e s s e r s , m a c h in e , s h ir t s ( a ll w o m e n ) --------------T i m e ----------------------------------I n c e n t i v e ----------------------------S p o t t e r s , g e n e r a l ------------------M en (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ----S p o t t e r s , s i lk ( a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------S p o t t e r s , w o o l (a ll m e n ; a ll t im e w o r k e r s )------------------- 164 7 25 711 705 1. 1. 1. 1. 34 31 31 31 3 33 33 33 2 108 108 108 127 127 127 18 39 39 39 53 61 61 61 5 18 18 18 55 33 33 33 4 90 76 70 3 9 9 9 6 198 198 198 6 6 6 15 3 3 3 - - - - - - - 156 1 .8 4 - - - - - 15 - 22 - 12 6 15 18 - 25 3 40 - - - - - - - 18 55 46 1 .6 1 1 .2 9 1 .2 6 46 6 6 6 4 4 3 3 2 2 15 12 3 3 8 8 3 - 15 3 - 2 2 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 ,1 3 7 669 100 569 4 68 431 2. 19 2. 12 1. 58 2. 22 2 .2 9 2. 32 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - 18 18 6 12 _ - 15 15 15 _ - 80 65 26 39 15 15 21 21 6 15 - 15 15 15 - 7 7 3 4 _ - 72 38 26 12 34 28 57 51 25 26 6 6 88 67 5 62 21 21 98 40 3 37 58 58 102 52 52 50 44 134 51 51 83 58 51 18 18 33 33 74 29 29 45 45 27 10 10 17 17 28 17 17 11 11 57 30 30 27 27 42 42 42 - 5 5 5 5146 83 83 63 63 202 98 104 71 68 1. 67 1. 41 1 .9 1 2. 06 2. 06 - - - 15 15 - 30 30 6 6 . - 6 6 - - 6 6 - 12 12 60 41 19 6 6 - 6 6 - 58 58 - 10 10 34 31 2 2 - - 9 9 - - - - 6 6 - 7 7 75 57 2. 37 2. 48 - - - 3 - - - - - - - 3 - - - 6 - 6 6 - 22 22 - - 21 21 6 - - - 8 8 113 1. 70 ■ " 44 “ ” ~ ' ' 3 12 6 40 5 3 1 T h e P h ila d e lp h ia S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B u c k s, C h e s t e r , D e la w a r e , M o n t g o m e r y , and P h ila d e lp h ia C o u n tie s , P a . , and B u r lin g t o n , C a m d e n ,a n d G lo u c e s t e r C o u n t ie s , N .J . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . A p p r o x im a t e ly t w o -t h ir d s o f the in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . 3 I n s u ff ic ie n t d a ta to w a r r a n t p r e s e n t a t io n o f s e p a r a t e a v e r a g e s b y m eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t ; p r e d o m in a n t ly t im e w o r k e r s . 4 A l l o f the w o r k e r s w e r e at $1 to $ 1 . 0 5 . 5 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 at $ 2 .9 0 to $ 3 ; 32 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 1 0 ; 14 at $ 3 . 1 0 to $ 3 . 2 0 ; 6 at $ 3 . 2 0 to $ 3 . 3 0 ; 11 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 . 4 0 ; 5 at $ 3 .4 0 to $ 3 . 50; 16 at $ 3 . 5 0 t o $ 3 . 6 0 ; 9 at $ 3 . 6 0 t o $ 3 . 7 0 ; and 52 at $ 3 . 70 and o v e r . Table 73. Method of Wage Payment: United States and Regions (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s b y m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t, m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , m id —1966) U n ited S ta tes N orth ea st South T o ta l M e tro p o lita n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s T o ta l M etro p o lita n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s T o ta l M etro p o lita n a rea s N on m e tro p o lit a n a rea s M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m en t A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------ 81 79 91 79 77 92 80 77 87 I n ce n tiv e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------------I n d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k -----------------------------------------------G ro u p p i e c e w o r k ------------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l b o n u s --------------------------------------------------------G r o u p b o n u s --------------------------------------------------------------C o m m i s s i o n --------------------------------------------------------------- 19 11 2 4 1 1 21 12 3 5 1 1 9 6 2 1 1 21 11 3 7 1 (* ) 8 3 (* ) 4 1 “ 20 14 3 2 1 1 23 16 3 2 1 1 13 10 2 (* ) 23 12 3 7 1 (M N orth C e n tr a l In c e n tiv e w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k --------------------------------------------------G ro u p p i e c e w o r k ---------------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l b o n u s ----------------------------------------------------------G r o u p b o n u s -----------------------------------------------------------------C o m m i s s i o n ------------------------------------------------------------------ — 1 W e st 100 — 100 100 100 100 100 79 76 94 94 93 99 — _________________ 21 11 2 5 1 1 24 13 3 6 1 2 6 3 1 (* ) 2 " 6 3 (* ) 3 <m () — L e s s than 0, 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: () (M — A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s -------------------------------------T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------- C) B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot e q u a l t o t a ls . ( ) 3 1 (M ( ) (M (!) (M ~ 7 3 1 Table 74. Method of Wage Payment and Labor-Management Agreements: Selected Areas ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e plant w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N o r th e a s t Item A llen tow n — A lb a n y — S c h e n e cta d y — B eth le h e m — E a ston T roy B os ton B r id g e p o r t B u ffa lo H a r t fo r d N ew H aven N ew Y o r k N ew a rk and J e r s e y C ity P aterson — C lifto n — P a s s a ic P h ila d e lp h ia 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------ 81 75 79 82 81 88 92 76 68 72 63 In c e n tiv e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k -----------------------------------------G ro u p p i e c e w o r k -----------------------------------------------I n d iv id u a l b o n u s --------------------------------------------------G rou p b on u s ---------------------------------------------------------C o m m i s s i o n -------------------------------------------------------- 19 12 1 6 25 2 21 9 3 7 1 18 16 1 1 19 14 3 2 12 9 (M 3 8 8 - - - 24 11 5 6 2 C) 28 14 1 6 7 - 37 16 1 19 1 - 32 10 9 8 4 1 26 74 61 58 73 M ia m i N ew O r le a n s W a sh in gton A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s -----------------------------M eth od o f w a g e p a y m e n t - - 22 1 (M 34 6 - - - C) C) L a b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts 2 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a jo r it y o f in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 11 60 18 South N o r th e a s t— C on tin u ed R o c h ester S p r in g fie ld — C h ic o p e e — H o ly o k e S y ra cu se A tla n ta B a lt im o r e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 93 80 84 88 89 68 82 63 76 71 7 4 2 C) 20 13 5 12 10 2 - 11 6 4 (M - - 1 - 1 C) 4 37 28 3 3 2 24 19 5 - - 32 25 4 2 1 18 9 4 1 1 n 16 16 1 - 29 20 5 2 2 54 13 20 18 28 29 37 23 P itts b u r g h A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ---------------------------------- M em p h is M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------I n ce n tiv e w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k --------------------------------------------G ro u p p i e c e w o r k ----------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l b o n u s ------------------------------------------------------G ro u p b on u s --------------------------------------------------------------— C o m m i s s i o n ------------------------------------------------------------ - - L a b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts 2 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a jo r it y o f in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------- S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . 4 Table 74. Method of Wage Payment and Labor-Management Agreements; Selected Areas— Continued (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N o r th Item C in c in nati C le v e land C o lu m bus G ary— H am m ondE a st C h ica g o G ra n d R a p id s In d ia n a p o lis K ansas C ity M il w au k ee M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l R ock fo r d A kron C h ica g o 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s --------------------- -------------------------- 82 66 86 78 80 77 68 64 61 69 90 68 91 90 59 I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------I n d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k ------------------------ ------ ---------G ro u p p i e c e w o r k ------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l b o n u s -------------------------------------------------G ro u p b on u s --------------------------------------------------------C o m m i s s i o n --------------------------------------------------------- 18 7 5 34 17 14 22 11 20 31 10 32 10 6 39 13 5 22 1 12 10 6 2 41 19 14 21 1 1 ■ 5 ' 1 7 4 " 9 (*) - 11 32 24 3 4 36 1 2 23 15 3 3 94 26 78 87 78 A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ---------------------------- D a y ton D e t r o it C en tral O m aha 100 M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t 2 3 C) 3 11 3 (M n 14 (M 9 5 1 - - n 2 2 82 20 14 7 - 4 9 C) 8 i1 ) 12 6 9 2 1 - - ■ 4 - L a b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts 2 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a jo r it y o f in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------- 87 32 32 72 N orth C en tra l— C on tin u ed St. L o u is A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------ T o le d o W ich ita 61 W e st Y ou n gs tow n— W a rren D enver L os A n g e le s L ong B ea ch and A n a h e im — P h o e n ix Sa nta A n a G arden G rov e P ort land S a cra m e n to S alt L ak e C ity San D ie g o San F ra n cis c o O ak land San J o s e S ea ttle— E v erett T u cson 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 82 85 96 78 89 90 81 99 100 94 87 95 95 97 84 6 1 13 5 5 3 16 11 1 - - - 4 - - 85 M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------------In d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k ----------------------------------------G ro u p p i e c e w o r k -----------------------------------------------I n d iv id u a l b o n u s ------------------------------------------------G ro u p b o n u s -------------------------------------------------------C o m m i s s i o n -------------------------------------------------------- 18 15 4 11 22 16 2 11 10 3 6 - - 19 5 3 4 - 6 2 4 - 10 1 - - - - - 60 27 57 12 1 5 - 1 - 3 - 3 - 1 - 98 58 1 1 (*) - _ - - 1 " - 2 2 - 4 - 9 12 100 C) - 2 1 1 5 - 10 - 1 L a b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a gre e m e n ts 2 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a jo r it y o f in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . E s t i m a t e s r e l a t e to a l l i n s i d e p l a n t w o r k e r s NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , - 92 67 e m p l o y e d in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v i n g a c o n t r a c t i n e f f e c t c o v e r i n g a m a j o r i t y o f th e i n s i d e p l a n t w o r k e r s . s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a ls . 80 - Table 75. Scheduled Weekly Hours: 00 United States and Regions 0 ) (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y sc h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , m id —19 66 ) U nited S tates T o ta l N on m etro p o lita n a rea s A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------------ 100 100 U n d er 40 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------4 0 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 and u n d e r 44 h o u r s ---------------------------------------44 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 4 and u n d e r 48 h o u r s ---------------------------------------48 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s ----------------------------------------------------------------- 8 7 65 3 62 4 12 10 11 5 9 4 1 1 South N orth ea st M e tro p o lita n a rea s W e e k ly h o u r s T ota l M etro p o lita n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s 100 100 100 100 4 70 10 41 - 6 16 16 9 45 5 15 16 14 32 7 17 17 8 6 11 3 3 3 T ota l M etro p o lita n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n area s 100 100 100 10 6 6 48 5 14 13 80 81 2 2 6 3 14 5 8 1 2 2 8 (2 ) (2 ) “ 7 3 W est N orth C e n tr a l A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s --------------------------------------U n d e r 40 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------40 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 40 and u n d e r 44 h o u r s ------------------------------------------44 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 44 and u n d e r 48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------- ___________________ 4 8 h o u r s --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ____________ _____ ____________________ _________________ O v e r 4 8 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------- — 100 100 100 8 64 4 9 64 3 6 66 11 10 2 12 10 2 (2) (2) 1 D ata r e la t e to the p r e d o m in a n t d a y -s h ift w o r k sc h e d u le o f fu l l - t i m e in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in e a ch e s t a b lis h m e n t . 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not e q u a l 100. 7 7 100 3 80 (2 ) 9 100 3 81 (2 ) 100 4 68 - 2 8 2 15 10 4 5 5 1 1 7 ■ 6 Table 76. Scheduled Weekly Hours: Selected Areas ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id - 1966) N orth east W e e k ly h o u r s A lb a n y — A llen tow n — S ch e n e cta d y — B eth leh em — E a sto n T roy B o s to n B r id g e p o r t B u ffa lo H a r t fo r d N ew H aven N ew Y o r k N ew a rk and J e r s e y C ity A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 U n der 40 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------40 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 40 and u n d e r 44 h o u r s ---------------------------------44 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 44 and u n d e r 48 h o u r s ---------------------------------48 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------- _ 13 76 7 83 3 3 4 9 71 7 7 3 97 7 80 3 90 5 9 - - - 88 1 13 7 3 - - - 2 6 - 1 1 - ■ 3 “ 3 “ P aterson — C lifto n — P a s s a ic 86 - 7 7 12 - - “ N o r the as t— C on tin u ed 100 100 86 100 77 - _ _ 14 8 _ _ - ( 2) South P itts b u r g h R o ch e ste r A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s --------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 U n der 40 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------40 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 40 and u n d e r 44 h o u r s ------------------------------------44 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 44 and u n d e r 48 h o u r s ------------------------------------48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------- 13 45 5 27 9 - - . 93 93 77 15 39 45 18 34 - - - 11 - 6 - 67 7 7 - - 15 - - 23 7 3 7 " - 11 10 ~ " 17 23 3 ~ " _ _ S p r in g fie ld — C h ic o p e e — H o ly o k e 1 P h ila d e lp h ia S y ra cu se A tla n ta B a lt im o r e M e m p h is M ia m i N ew O r le a n s W a sh in gton 100 100 100 100 100 100 4 87 6 22 2 61 - - 17 2 18 10 3 13 7 - 6 12 ■ " S e e fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le . 00 Table 76. Scheduled Weekly Hours: ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s 00 00 Selected Areas— Continued la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N orth C e n tr a l W e e k ly h o u r s A kron hour-~aiK* UnC*e r 44 h o u r s _ j AO _ 100 100 39 ^ C in c in nati 100 Ali ______________ C h ica g o 14 60 74 19 26 4 9 53 ____ AA C le v e land 100 C o lu m bus 100 D a y ton 36 18 3 In d ia n a p o lis K a n sa s C ity M il w au k ee M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l O m ah a 100 100 100 100 100 100 2 64 2 100 q 91 75 86 64 16 6 5 6 6 4 5 10 10 10 2 G ra n d R a p id s 2 40 20 G ary— H am m ondE ast C h ica g o 100 100 12 55 D e t r o it 7 3 78 2 25 72 4 12 95 31 1 3 3 13 42 26 Q 10 R ock fo r d 100 7 73 7 12 3 _______ W e st N orth C e n tr a l— Continued St. L o u is 100 — 1. 100 100 50 39 39 11 28 31 13 25 3 O v e r 48 h o u r s --------------------------------- — — D enver L os A n g e le s L on g B e a ch and A n a h e im — P h o e n ix Santa A n a G arden G rov e 2 3 uncier 44 h o u r s 1 2 W ich ita 17 40 A l l in s id e pld.nt w o r k e r s j A n ,_______ T o le d o Y ou n gs tow n— W a rren 100 76 3 21 100 81 11 100 84 - 2 32 B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot eq u al 100. 100 100 100 S a lt L ak e C ity 100 San D ie g o 100 38 61 45 37 13 12 San F ra n cis c o — O ak la nd San J o s e 100 100 100 100 95 9 91 100 55 S e a ttle — E v erett 20 19 - D a ta r e la t e to the p r e d o m in a n t d a y - s h i f t w o r k s c h e d u le o f fu l l- t im e in sid e p la n t w o r k e r s in e a ch e s t a b lis h m e n t . L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: 100 S a cra m en to 21 2 5 9 - 100 P o rt land - - T u cson 38 7 - - - - Table 77. Overtime Premium Pay: United States and Regions (P e r c e n t of n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y fo r m a l o v e r t im e p r e m iu m p a y p r o v i s i o n s , m id —1966) P r e m iu m p a y p r o v is io n s T o t a l ------------------------------------------------------------------ U n ited S ta tes N orth ea st 100 100 31 33 South N o r th C e n tr a l W e st 100 100 100 6 39 76 - 76 - D a ily o v e r t im e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s with fo r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y --------------------------------T im e and o n e -h a lf e ffe c t iv e a ft e r : 7 V2 h o u r s ----------------------------------------------------------8 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------8 V2 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------9 h o u r s ----------- -------------------------------------------------10 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s having no o v e r t im e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------------------------- 25 4 (M 32 ( ') 4 (* ) 8 - - <;> (M - - - 1 69 67 93 61 24 58 86 28 63 76 (M 41 (M 1 68 - - (l ) - (M 26 1 6 - n (M - W e e k ly o v e r t im e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s with fo r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y --------------------------------T im e and o n e -h a lf e ff e c t iv e a ft e r : 37 V2 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------40 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 40 and u n d er 44 h o u r s ------------------------44 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------45 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 45 and u n d er 48 h ou rs ------------------------48 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h aving no o v e r t im e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------------------------- 1 (M (M 14 1 6 2 1 2 2 1 42 14 72 10 2 (M 2 1 (l ) 15 (M (* ) 2 - L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g, s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot e q u a l t o t a ls . 40 n 14 6 37 - 2 (M - 71 3 (M (M 1 - 24 Table 78. Overtime Premium Pay: Selected Areas (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in sid e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s by fo r m a l o v e r t im e p r e m iu m p a y p r o v is i o n s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N o r th e a s t P r e m iu m p a y p r o v is i o n T o t a l ------------------------------ A lb a n y — S ch en ec ta d y — T roy A lle n t o w n — B e t h le h e m — B o s to n E a s to n 100 100 12 100 2 6 6 _ _ 2 - B r id g e port 100 B u ffa lo N ew H aven H a rtfo rd N ew Y ork South N e w a rk P a t e r and P h ila son — J e r s e y C lifto n — d e lp h ia C ity P a s s a ic P it t s b u rg h R och ester S p r in g fie ld — C h ic o p e e — S y r a c u s e H o ly o k e A tla n ta B a lt i m ore 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 5 9 23 53 82 46 47 59 7 9 _ 23 82 _ - _ 46 _ _ - _ 9 _ 38 - 5 31 _ 23 - 7 - - _ - - 9 - - - _ 43 1 9 - - - _ 11 _ _ - 100 100 100 D a ily o v e r t i m e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y ----------------T im e an d o n e -h a l f e f f e c t iv e a ft e r : 7 l! z h o u r s ---------------------8 h o u r s --------------------------8 l/ z h o u r s --------------------9 h o u r s --------------------------10 h o u r s -----------------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------ - _ - * - - - - - - - - 9 _ _ - 100 88 98 100 95 91 77 47 18 54 53 41 93 91 100 100 89 62 79 91 100 100 100 100 91 99 83 90 90 63 93 68 17 37 62 _ 10 - - _ 22 46 1 85 5 92 _ 83 _ 69 _ 19 _ 63 - - 37 _ 100 - 91 93 68 13 _ 35 - - 69 - - 51 12 - 78 _ 54 - 1 4 - - . _ 21 69 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 38 21 9 17 10 10 37 7 32 83 - _ _ - - 5 _ _ _ 11 i - W e e k ly o v e r t i m e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y ----------------T im e an d o n e - h a l f e f f e c t iv e a ft e r : 37 l/ z h o u r s ------------------40 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 40 an d u n d er 44 h o u r s ---------------------44 h o u r s -----------------------45 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 45 and u n d er 48 h o u r s ---------------------48 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s --------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------ " - - - 1 - 2 - ~ 9 1 - _ 2 1 - - 63 Table 78. Overtime Premium Pay: Selected Areas--- Continued ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y fo r m a l o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y p r o v is i o n s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) South— C ontinued P r e m iu m p a y p r o v is i o n M e m p h is T o t a l ------------------------------ 100 M ia m i New O rle a n s N o rth C e n t r a l W ashington A kron C h ica g o C in c in n ati C o lu m C le v e la n d bus D ayton D e t r o it G ary— H am m ondE a st C h ica g o G ra n d R a p id s In d ia n a p o lis K ansas C ity M ilw a u k ee • M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 14 6 41 40 51 41 20 29 69 41 26 12 92 79 50 - - 14 - 6 - 41 - - 51 - 41 - 20 - 29 - 66 3 - 41 - 26 - 12 - - 7 - 88 - 79 - 27 21 2 - 100 100 86 94 59 60 49 59 80 71 31 59 74 88 8 21 50 27 42 29 51 53 86 74 79 34 37 76 94 56 16 92 87 86 6 4 29 45 30 40 _ 56 39 28 33 75 94 56 16 - 84 77 21 - 3 5 - - 2 5 14 9 18 - 29 4 6 - - - _ - - 88 _ 4 5 - 29 2 - - - _ - 7 - - 4 - 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - - 73 58 71 49 47 14 26 21 66 63 24 6 44 84 8 13 14 D a ily o v e r t i m e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y ----------------T im e and o n e - h a l f e f f e c t iv e a ft e r : 7 V2 h ou r s ---------------------8 h o u r s --------------------------8 V2 h o u r s --------------------9 h o u r s --------------------------10 h o u r s -----------------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g no o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------ 33 3 W e e k ly o v e r t i m e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y ----------------T im e and o n e -h a l f e f f e c t iv e a ft e r : 37 V2 h o u r s -------------------40 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 40 an d u n d er 44 h o u r s --------------------44 h o u r s -----------------------45 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 45 an d u n d er 48 h o u r s --------------------48 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s --------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g no o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------ S ee fo o t n o t e a t end o f ta b le. n 43 2 3 Table 78. Overtime Premium Pay: Selected Areas— Continued ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in sid e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s by f o r m a l o v e r t im e p r e m iu m p a y p r o v is i o n s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —196b) N o r th C e n tr a l— C ontinued — P r e m iu m p a y p r o v is i o n O m ah a T o t a l ------------------------------ R o c k fo r d St. L o u is T o le d o W e st Y ou n gs town— D e n v e r W ich ita W a rre n L os A n g e le s L on g B e a c h and A n a h e im — P h o e n ix Santa A n a G arden G rov e P o r t la n d S acra m e n to Salt L ak e C ity San D ie g o San F r a n cis c o — O ak land San Jose S ea ttle— T u cson E v erett 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 8 3 53 55 - 20 81 78 13 92 100 76 47 100 88 98 8 - 3 - 49 3 55 - - 81 - 78 - 13 - 92 - . 100 - _ 76 - . 47 - 100 - 88 - _ 98 - _ - " - - - _ _ . _ _ _ _ . _ 100 D a ily o v e r t i m e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y ----------------T im e an d o n e -h a lf e f f e c t iv e a ft e r : 7 V2 h o u r s --------------------8 h o u r s --------------------------8 l/ z h o u r s --------------------9 h o u r s --------------------------10 h o u r s -----------------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s ---------- — W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------ - - _ _ - 20 " . _ 92 97 47 45 100 80 19 22 87 8 - 24 55 98 69 12 63 88 72 13 92 100 70 61 44 48 12 69 12 47 73 72 7 92 100 9 - - 45 36 - - 14 - - - - - - 14 2 - - - - - - - - - 40 - - 7 - 5 - - - - - - 6 - - - 13 8 - - - 56 45 2 31 88 37 12 28 87 - - _ _ _ 53 44 - _ 12 2 100 100 88 98 24 58 100 88 98 24 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 30 39 ■ 12 2 76 W e e k ly o v e r t i m e W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y ----------------T im e an d o n e -h a lf e f f e c t iv e a ft e r : 37 l/ z h o u r s -------------------40 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 40 and u n d er 44 h o u r s ---------------------4 4 h o u r s -----------------------45 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 45 an d u n d er 48 h o u r s ---------------------48 h o u r s -----------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s ------------O th er p r o v i s i o n s --------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g n o o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y ------------------------ - L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sum s of individual item s may not equal totals. 8 - Tabic 79. Paid Holidays: United States and Regions (P ercen t of nonsupervisory inside plant w ork ers in laundry and cleaning ser v ic es establish m en ts with fo rm a l p rovisions for paid h olid ays, m etropolitan and nonmetropolitan a r e a s, mid—1966) U n ited S ta tes N orth ea st T ota l M e tro p o lita n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s 100 100 100 N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s —, -------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s —------------------------------------------------------- -------------3 o r 6 h a lf d a y s -------------------------------------------------------1 d a y --------------- ,------ ------ ---------------------- — - --------— 2 d a y s — — ----------------—------------------------------------ ---------2 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y -------------------------------------------- — 3 d a y s ---------------------------------------- > ------------------------------«• 3 d a y s p lu s 1, 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s --------------------------4 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------- ---------4 d a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s -------------------------------------------5 d a y s ____________________________________-__ __________ 5 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------------6 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------7 d a y s ------------------------------- •---------- ---------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s --------------------------------— 8 d a y s o r m o r e ----------------------- -------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id h o l i d a y s ---------------- ------------------------------------------ —----------- <*) 3 (* ) 12 (M 45 1 11 (* ) 3 12 (M 49 1 13 (M 4 65 2 4 (M 6 (l ) 5 12 (* ) 27 6 (* ) 1 18 14 35 82 (l ) 1 1 (*> 2 86 (M i i 2 (l ) 3 (l ) South T o ta l M etro p o lit a n a rea s N on m etro p o lit a n a rea s 100 100 100 85 (* ) (* ) (M 1 - 15 (M 2 42 2 27 1 10 88 (‘ ) ( ) (M (M (M - T ota l M e tro p o lit a n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s 100 100 100 77 2 3 (M 5 43 2 29 1 11 64 7 5 36 14 3 - 12 36 i 32 1 22 (* ) 2 1 82 • 2 2 4 9 <M 36 26 (* ) 1 - 64 2 7 1 8 1 8 20 1 14 2 1 23 18 36 n 9 C) N o r th C e n tr a l A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s 3 o r 6 h a lf d a y s --------------------- --------- ---------------------------1 d a y ------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------- —-------------2 d a y s --------------------- ---------------------------------------------------- — 2 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y -----------------------------------------------3 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------- -- ----------------------------- --------------------3 d a y s p lu s 1, 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s -,----------------------- -— — ______________________________ 4 d a y s —-------------------------------------------------------------------------4 d a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s -------------- ---------------------- -------- 100 100 84 1 90 1 (? ) (M - - (M - (r ) (M \ ) 5 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ---------------------- -------------6 d a y s ---------- — — ----------------- ------------------- ------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s — ----------------------7 d a y s ------------------------ ------- -------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s --------------------------------- — 8 d a y s o r m o r e -----------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id h o l i d a y s ------------------- 1 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals. (* ) - 77 1 4 (M l / 83 1 4 1 - - 16 10 W e st 100 61 3 (M . 2 1 _ 52 2 39 100 89 . 1 (M 2 1 1 1 47 26 7 11 100 100 88 91 - 1 (M - 2 1 (M 6 9 l 50 24 22 - 41 - - 7 12 4 9 Table 80. Paid Holidays: Selected Areas (P ercen t of nonsupervisory inside plant w orkers in laundry and cleaning se r v ic e s establishm ents with fo rm a l p rovisions for paid holidays, 51 selected a r e a s , mid—1966) N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------------6 h a lf d a y s -------------- ----------------------------1 d a y ----------------------------------------------------2 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------3 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------4 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------5 days 5 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y 6 days 6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s 7 d a y s ----------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ------8 d a y s ----------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ------9 days o r m ore W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o p a id h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------- A lle n to w n — A lb a n y — S ch en ecta d y - - B e th le h e m — _____ T r o y E a sto n B o s to n B r id g e p o r t B u ffa lo 100 100 100 100 100 71 5 78 83 97 90 6 3 : H a r tfo r d 2 N ew a rk and J e r s e y C ity 100 100 100 100 100 97 99 98 90 95 : : ’ - : 19 83 : 8 4 51 _ 7 - _ 70 _ 1 : 64 _ 87 6 4 _ _ _ _ 52 „ _ _ _ 6 - _ _ 8 _ - - _ 4 - 8 - - - - 6 29 22 17 3 10 3 1 - 11 19 - 79 - 39 4 45 P h ila d e lp h ia 2 2 63 4 3 5 3 7 2 - - 2 1 - 82 - 10 5 2 _ South P itts b u r g h A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s - 4 5 _ 12 N o r th e a s t— on tin u ed —C W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------6 h a lf d a y s -------------------------------------------1 d a y ----------------------------------------------------2 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------3 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------4 d a y s --------------------------- ------------------------5 days 5 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y -------------------6 d a y s ----------------- —--------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s 7 d a y s ----------------- ------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -------8 d a y s -----------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -------9 days o r m o re W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------- 1 _ _ _ P aterson — C lifto n P a s s a ic N ew Y o r k N ew H a ven R och ester S p r in g fie ld — C h ic o p e e — H o ly o k e 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 86 69 " ■ S y ra cu se A tla n ta M e m p h is M ia m i N ew O r le a n s W a sh in gton 100 100 100 100 100 99 96 92 96 86 97 " “ “ 6 5 2 39 51 _ 2 _ _ 2 2 76 39 - 3 44 76 78 B a lt im o r e 4 - “ _ _ - - 4 - _ - 4 48 92 17 65 8 90 2 28 4 34 4 1 2 6 6 " 4 “ 15 8 8 31 1 4 8 4 14 3 3 20 14 4 Table 80. Paid Holidays: Selected Areas--- Continued (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p a id h o lid a y s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N o rth C e n tr a l N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s A kron A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s -----------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------------------------6 h a lf d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------1 d a y ---------------------------------------------------------------------2 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------3 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------4 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y --------------------------------------6 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s --------------------7 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ---------------------------8 d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -----------------------------9 d a y s o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id h o lid a y s ---------------------------------------------------- C h ica g o C in c in n ati 100 100 100 82 _ _ _ 82 - 96 1 _ _ _ 95 - 18 4 C le v e land C o lu m bus D ay ton D e t r o it G a ry — H am m ondE ast C h ica g o G ra n d In d ia n R a p id s a p o lis T o le d o M il w a u k ee M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l O m ah a R ock fo r d 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 _ _ _ _ 100 ■ 93 _ _ 3 90 _ 56 _ _ _ _ 36 17 3 “ 53 _ _ _ 32 22 " 99 99 ” 100 _ _ _ 94 6 _ 89 _ _ _ _ 89 _ 91 3 87 - 96 _ _ 51 45 _ 80 30 10 34 7 - 100 100 ■ 42 _ _ 42 " 66 3 63 " - 7 44 47 1 " 11 9 4 20 ■ 58 34 W est N orth C e n tr a l— C on tin u ed St. L o u is K ansas C ity W ich ita Y ou n gs tow n— W a rren D enver L os A n g e le s L on g B e a ch and A n a h e im — Santa A n a G arden G ro v e P h o e n ix P ort la nd S a cra m e n to S alt Lake C ity San D ie g o San F ra n cis c o — O ak la n d San J o s e S e a ttle — T u cson E v erett A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ------------------------------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o l i d a y s -------------------------------------------------- -------6 h a lf d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------1 d a y ---------------------------------------------------------------------2 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------3 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------4 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ----------------------------------------6 d a y s --------------------------------- ----------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s --------------------7 d a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -----------------------------8 d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -----------------------------9 d a y s o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------------------- 98 _ 90 8 “ 100 100 - 97 97 _ “ 94 _ 94 ~ 89 _ _ 82 7 " 57 6 13 39 ~ 100 100 " 81 81 “ 71 6 12 14 40 ~ 82 3 3 18 43 16 “ 100 59 41 “ 100 12 88 - 100 98 2 - 83 24 3 5 51 _ - " 69 4 9 56 ” 2 “ 31 3 6 11 43 “ 19 29 18 “ ” “ 17 NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not eq u a l t o t a ls . - ■ Table 81. Paid Vacations: United States and Regions (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p a id v a c a t io n s a ft e r s e l e c t e d p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , m id —1966) N o r th e a s t U n ited S ta tes V a c a t io n p o l i c y T ota l A ll in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s --------- M etro p o lit a n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s T o ta l M e tro p o lita n area s N o r th C e n tr a l South N on m etro p o lita n a rea s T o ta l M etro p o lita n a rea s N on m e tro p o lita n a rea s T o ta l M etro p o lita n a rea s 100 100 100 W est N on m e tro p o lit a n a rea s T o ta l M etro p o lita n a rea s 100 100 100 100 N on m etro p o lita n a rea s 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 86 82 3 1 90 85 3 2 71 69 1 1 92 82 4 5 95 84 5 6 68 68 - 75 73 1 1 80 78 2 (2) 63 61 1 1 94 89 4 - 96 91 4 - 85 80 3 2 90 88 2 - 90 87 3 - 96 96 - 14 10 29 8 5 32 25 20 37 6 4 15 10 10 4 1 80 2 2 (2) 1 84 2 2 (2) 3 65 1 2 - ( 2) 83 7 2 ( 2) (2) 85 8 2 (2 ) 68 - 2 69 « * 2 - 1 74 2 - 5 56 1 - 1 91 (2) 2 - 1 93 1 - 79 2 3 - ( 2) 87 (2) 1 - (2) 87 1 1 - , 81 7 - 1 52 2 31 1 1 51 2 35 1 2 55 1 13 (2) (2) 52 6 32 2 (2 ) 52 7 34 2 52 16 - 1 61 1 12 ( 2) 1 64 1 15 (2 ) 3 55 1 4 - 1 52 1 40 (2) 1 49 1 45 (2 ) 66 1 15 2 ( 2) 24 66 (2) (2) 24 65 1 28 68 - (2) 31 1 52 2 1 (2) (2 ) 27 (2) 59 2 1 (2 ) 1 49 1 20 (2) (2 ) ( 2) 26 ( 2) 58 7 (2) ( 2) (2) 24 (2 ) 63 8 1 48 1 25 - 1 47 32 1 - 2 52 2 7 . - 20 1 71 1 1 (2) 13 1 80 (*> (2 ) 45 23 - ( 2) 1 - 52 1 30 2 1 * (2) 16 73 ( 2) 1 - (2 ) 15 73 1 1 - 17 78 - (2) 30 (2) 45 2 8 (2) (2) 26 (2 ) 51 3 9 (? ) 1 48 1 19 1 2 - (2 ) 25 55 8 4 ( 2) (2 ) 23 59 9 5 (2 ) 43 24 * - 1 48 (2) 21 (2 ) 6 1 46 26 (2 ) 8 “ 2 52 1 7 1 “ 19 ( 2) 66 2 7 ( 2) 11 (2) 75 1 8 1 , 50 1 27 5 2 - (2 ) 15 (2 ) 15 (2 ) 48 1 26 - 17 69 9 - (2) 30 (2) 31 (2) 23 2 (2 ) (2) 26 (2 ) 34 (2) 27 2 (2 ) 1 48 1 17 (2 ) 3 1 (2) 25 21 ( 2) 39 7 ( 2) (2 ) 23 2i (2) 43 8 (2 ) 43 20 4 - 1 48 (2) 19 7 - 1 46 24 10 - 2 52 1 7 1 - 19 ( 2) 48 1 25 1 ( 2) 11 (2) 54 (2) 29 (2) (2 ) 50 1 23 (2 ) 15 41 1 33 - . 17 69 9 - 100 M e th o d o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t i o n s ----------------L e n g t h - o f-t i m e p a y m e n t------------ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ---------------------O the r -------------------------- -------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id v a c a t i o n s -----------A m ou n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------1 w e e k --------------------------------------------- —— O y e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s -------------2 w e e k s ------------------------- -----------------------O v e r 2 w e e k s --------------------------------------A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 w e e k s ---------- -------------------------A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k ----------------------------------- —1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------- 2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------------3 w e e k s — ------------------------------—------------O v e r 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------- (2) A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 1 w e e k ------------------------- -------------1 w e e k — --------------------- -------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----------------2 w e e k s . . . --------------------- —--------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------------3 w e e k s ---------- --------------------------------------O v e r 3 w e e k s -------------------,-------------------- ( 2) 50 ( 2) 24 * A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 3 U n d e r 1 w e e k ----------- — ----------------------J wGCk _ O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s —--------------2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------------3 w e e k s ---------- --------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----------------4 w e e k s o r m o r e --------------------------- ------ " l 7 3 ' ( 2> 15 44 (2) 31 " * * V a c a t io n p a y m e n t s s u c h a s p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s w e r e c o n v e r t e d to an e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n a n d d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p l e , th e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d i c a t e d a t 10 y e a r s m a y i n c l u d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s w h i c h o c c u r r e d b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . 2 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . s V a c a t io n p r o v is i o n s w e r e v ir t u a lly th e s a m e a ft e r lo n g e r p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e . KOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot eq u a l to ta ls , Table 82. Paid Vacations: Selected Areas (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e plant w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r pa id v a c a t io n s a ft e r s e l e c t e d p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) South N o r th e a s t V a c a t io n p o l ic y A lb a n y — A llen tow n — S ch en ec B e th le h e m — B o s to n ta dy — E a ston T roy A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s — B r id g e port B u ffa lo H a r t fo r d N ew H aven N ew Y ork P a ter N ew a rk son — P h il a and J e r s e y C lifto n — d e lp h ia P a s s a ic C ity P itts b u rg h S p r in g fi e ld — S y ra cu se R o ch e ste r C h ic o p e e — H o ly o k e A tlan ta B a lt i m ore 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 84 84 _ 95 75 20 - 100 94 6 - 100 100 - 97 97 - 83 83 - 95 95 - 97 97 - 98 98 - 99 33 12 54 98 98 - 100 100 - 86 86 - 100 96 4 96 83 13 - 95 95 - - 16 5 - - 3 17 5 3 2 1 2 “ 14 - 4 5 . 100 - • - 67 _ _ 89 6 - _ 100 - 52 46 - 97 - 83 - 93 1 2 - 87 8 2 98 - 1 46 51 - 98 - 91 9 - 86 - 100 - ?2 1 - 90 5 - _ 81 _ 19 _ _ _ 70 _ 7 _ _ _ 44 _ 51 _ _ _ 89 _ 11 _ - _ 23 _ 31 46 _ 43 17 37 _ - 50 _ 33 - 45 1 49 1 - 19 76 2 35 3 59 - 1 44 51 3 _ - 96 2 - 53 7 40 - 58 _ 28 - 91 9 - 90 _ 6 _ _ 76 18 _ _ 52 _ 48 _ _ 27 _ 68 _ _ 85 _ 15 _ _ 5 _ 49 46 29 _ 68 _ 1 14 _ 32 51 35 _ 63 _ 39 _ 61 _ 41 _ 45 _ 72 _ 28 _ - - - - - - - 70 _ 23 _ 3 _ 49 _ 46 _ - 9 _ 86 _ 2 32 67 _ - 3 _ 74 _ 7 8 1 86 1 - _ 32 _ 46 _ 6 _ I I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52 _ 48 _ _ _ _ _ 18 _ 60 _ 6 _ _ _ 27 _ 46 _ 22 _ _ _ 85 _ 15 _ _ _ _ _ 5 _ 40 46 9 _ _ _ 29 _ 60 _ 8 _ _ _ 3 _ 74 _ 7 _ - _ 8 _ 84 2 1 _ - _ 6 _ 81 7 2 _ - _ 32 64 _ 3 _ - 1 13 32 51 1 _ - _ 33 _ 66 _ _ - _ 33 _ 51 _ 16 - _ 41 _ 45 _ _ - _ 72 _ 9 _ 19 - _ 70 _ 15 _ 10 _ - _ 35 _ 57 _ 3 _ - _ 52 _ 23 _ 25 _ 18 _ 50 _ 16 _ 27 _ 31 _ 37 _ 85 _ 15 _ _ _ 29 _ 51 _ 17 _ 3 _ 51 _ 30 32 _ 6 _ 60 33 47 20 41 _ 30 _ 15 72 _ 9 _ 19 70 _ 15 _ 10 35 _ 56 _ 4 - - - - - " 1 13 _ 9 _ 24 51 1 33 9 56 - _ 8 _ 16 _ 71 1 6 28 _ 62 - _ 5 _ 34 _ 15 46 - - - - : - : - - - - - - ’ M e th o d o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t i o n s ----------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ---------------O th e r ------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id v a c a t i o n s -------A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------\ w e ck — --------— —— — -----------— —— —— O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : U n der 1 w e e k -------------------- -------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----4 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 2 U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------- - - - - ’ - - - - S e e fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le . 5 Table 82. Paid Vacations: Selected Areas--- Continued ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e plant w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r p a id v a c a t io n s a fte r s e l e c t e d p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N orth C e n tr a l South— C on tin u ed V a c a t io n p o l ic y M e m p h is A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s -- M ia m i N ew W a sh in gton O r le a n s A k ron C h ic a g o C in cin C o lu m C le v e la n d bus n ati D ayton D e t r o it G ary— H am m ondE a st C h ic a g o G ra n d R a p id s In d ia n a p o lis K ansas C ity M ilw a u k e e M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 72 72 _ 89 89 - 66 66 - 92 92 - 87 22 65 - 96 96 - 100 100 - 93 82 11 - 88 88 - 100 100 - 100 100 100 43 57 “ 83 83 97 97 100 100 80 80 ~ " - ~ " 98 91 7 28 11 34 8 13 4 - 7 12 - - 17 3 72 _ _ _ 89 _ _ 64 _ 2 - 92 - 87 - 93 3 - 94 - 93 - 6 77 5 - 100 - 6 94 - 100 - 83 - _ 34 _ 38 _ - 66 _ 22 _ - _ 57 _ 9 _ - _ 51 3 38 _ - 87 _ - 3 1 92 - 78 _ 22 - 87 6 - 6 74 3 5 82 18 - 6 49 45 - 100 - 32 _ 34 - 36 _ 55 _ 1 - 7 57 23 - 1 95 - 19 81 - 3 90 - 25 6 53 5 - 33 67 - 9 2 83 6 - 100 “ - _ 36 _ 51 _ 5 _ - 7 _ 33 16 24 7 - 1 95 _ - 10 90 _ - 3 84 7 - 19 59 6 5 - 33 67 - 9 72 19 - 6 94 - 33 38 12 “ 81 4 7 5 7 27 16 30 -■ - 1 91 4 - 10 58 32 - 3 76 14 " 19 38 31 " 33 55 12 “ 9 13 78 “ 6 94 “ 33 50 “ 81 4 7 5 M eth od o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t i o n s ---------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ---------------O t h e r -----------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o p a id v a c a t i o n s ------ “ - “ " " “ 2 20 77 16 - 100 - 97 “ 1 80 33 50 “ 77 20 - 43 57 - 77 21 33 50 - 85 - 4 96 ■ ~ - " 5 93 " " " " 4 96 “ " 5 " 70 23 " " " 4 96 - 5 _ 5 “ 82 7 A m ou n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s ------------------------------------- O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k --------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------4 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s --------- ----- - - — O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s - - - ------------ - - — O v e r 3 an d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----4 w e e k s --------- -------- - ~ O ver 4 w eeks -------A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 2 U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w eek- — — --------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s ---------- ----- — O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----4 w eeks — ----------------— --------- — O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e . _ 15 _ 57 _ _ _ - 39 _ 49 _ - _ 13 _ 57 _ 2 _ - 45 _ 5 - _ 32 _ 26 _ 8 - _ 13 _ 57 _ 2 _ _ _ 39 _ 45 _ 5 _ _ _ 32 _ 11 _ 23 _ - _ 36 _ 47 _ 9 _ - - - - - _ 39 - ~ 7 5 - " " ~ ■ " ” 8 72 “ _ ~ 4 72 ■ 3 " ” 4 72 3 “ ~ " ” 4 11 “ 64 “ Table 82. Paid Vacations: Selected Areas--- Continued (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e plant w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v is i o n s f o r pa id v a c a t io n s a ft e r s e l e c t e d p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) W est N orth C e n tr a l— C on tin u ed V a c a t io n p o l i c y A l l in s id e plant w o r k e r s — O m aha R o c k fo r d St. L o u is T o le d o L os A n g e le s Y ou n gs L on g B e a ch W ich ita tow n — D e n v e r and A n a h e im — P h o e n ix Santa A n a W a rren G arden G rove P ort la nd S a cra m en to Salt L ake C ity San D ie g o San F ra n cis c o — O ak la n d San Jose 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 92 92 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 96 4 - 82 82 - 100 73 27 - 100 100 - 93 93 - 58 58 - 100 100 - 100 85 15 - 100 100 - 77 74 3 - 100 93 7 - 100 100 - 8 - - - 18 - - 7 42 - - - 24 - 92 100 100 _ _ _ 72 _ _ _ 100 _ - 90 _ 10 - 91 2 1 - 3 56 _ - 98 2 - 100 - 100 - 76 - _ 79 _ 21 _ _ 80 _ 3 _ _ 47 3 50 - _ 22 _ 69 2 _ _ _ _ 68 _ 32 _ _ 3 33 _ 23 _ 6 94 _ 19 81 _ 91 9 - 11 15 3 30 _ 26 _ _ _ 100 - 19 81 _ _ - 65 _ 35 - _ 3 30 _ 26 _ _ _ _ 98 _ 2 - 19 _ 81 _ _ _ 15 31 2 45 . ~ 3 30 _ 23 _ 2 _ _ - _ 98 . 2 - _ 19 _ 81 _ _ - S ea ttle— T u cson E v erett 100 100 92 92 - 69 69 - - 8 31 100 - 100 - 92 - 69 - 19 57 _ 100 _ 15 85 _ . 8 84 _ 60 9 _ 12 _ 15 98 2 - 85 _ _ _ 8 84 _ - 32 64 _ - 56 2 42 _ 12 52 12 - 10 90 - 15 85 _ _ 8 84 _ 32 38 _ 56 12 - 8 - _ 32 44 23 . _ _ . 10 - 15 38 41 90 M eth od o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t i o n s ---------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ---------------O th e r -----------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no p a id v a c a t i o n s ------ ' A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s -------------------------------------4 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----2 w e e k s --------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 w e e k s — — ------------- -------------- O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----4 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ---------------------------A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . U n d er 1 w e e k ----------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s —— 2 w e e k s --------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----3 W 66ks O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ----4 w e e k s -------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------- _ _ _ _ 100 _ _ _ _ 78 _ 15 _ _ 63 99 _ _ _ 37 _ _ 1 _ _ 26 43 2 42 67 _ _ .» _ _ 67 57 98 58 15 13 3 84 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 75 2 2 _ _ 22 _ 31 _ 42 _ _ 66 4 _ 62 _ 8 _ - 34 _ 24 _ _ 67 _ 13 _ 3 - _ 13 _ 58 _ 29 - _ 11 _ 88 _ 2 - 15 _ 37 2 40 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 31 39 2 42 67 13 _ 11 _ _ _ _ 92 2 13 _ _ 19 55 3 _ _ _ _ _ 66 4 23 _ _ _ 7 - 2 _ 98 _ _ » 6 _ - _ _ _ - 68 _ “ 89 78 12 _ _ _ _ ” " _ _ - 15 _ 85 „ _ _ " _ 38 _ _ - _ _ 69 _ - _ - 1 V a c a t io n p a y m e n ts s u c h as p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w e r e c o n v e r t e d t o an e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s is . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b it r a r i ly c h o s e n and d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f le c t th e in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t p r o v is i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p le , th e ch a n g e s in p r o p o r t io n s in d ic a t e d at 10 y e a r s m a y in c lu d e ch a n g e s in p r o v is i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e tw e e n 5 and 10 y e a r s . 2 V a c a t io n p r o v is i o n s w e r e v ir t u a lly th e s a m e a ft e r lo n g e r p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , e x c e p t a ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , 3 w e e k s w e r e a v a ila b le to 35 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s in A lba n y — S c h e n e c t a d y — r o y ; 4 w e e k s t o 8 p e r c e n t in C in cin n a ti; 4 w eek s to 17 p e r c e n t in C o lu m b u s ; 3 w e e k s to 66 p e r c e n t in In d ia n a p o lis ; 4 w e e k s t o 14 p e r c e n t in M ilw a u k e e ; and 3 and 4 w ee k s T to 77 and 8 p e r c e n t , r e s p e c t i v e l y , in Y ou n gstow n —W a rre n ; and a ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , 3 w e e k s w e r e a v a ila b le t o 43 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s in A lle n to w n —B e th le h e m —E a s to n . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m ay not eq u a l t o t a l s . Table 83. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans: United States and Regions ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v i s o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c i fie d h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s , m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , m id —1966) N orth ea st U n ited Sta tes T y p e o f p la n 1 T otal A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s --------E m p lo y e e s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g : L ife i n s u r a n c e --------------------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ------------------------A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d i s m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e -------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d -----------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b oth 2 -------------S ic k n e s s an d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e ---------------------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ------------------S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y , no w a itin g p e r io d ) ----------------------S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r i o d ) ----------------------H o s p it a liz a t io n i n s u r a n c e -----------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly fin a n c e d — -------------------S u r g ic a l i n s u r a n c e -----------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d -----------------------M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e -------------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d -----------------------C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ----------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d -----------------------R e t ir e m e n t p e n s i o n ----------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ------------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d -----------------------N o p l a n s -------------------------------------------- M etro p o lita n a rea s N on m etro p o lita n a rea s T ota l M etro p o lita n a rea s South N on m etro p o lita n a rea s T ota l M etro p o lit a n a rea s N o r th C e n tr a l N on m etro p o lit a n a rea s T ota l M etro p o lita n a rea s W e st N on m e tro p o lit a n a rea s T ota l M etro p o lit a n a rea s N on m etro p o lit a n a rea s 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 29 16 13 61 55 6 64 58 6 39 29 10 35 19 16 40 23 17 22 10 13 66 57 9 73 66 7 36 16 20 59 51 8 62 53 8 35 32 3 36 30 6 20 10 10 27 24 3 29 26 3 16 10 6 23 14 10 26 16 10 18 8 9 45 37 7 49 44 5 25 8 17 47 45 2 49 47 2 32 32 35 39 16 44 46 26 18 21 9 59 66 26 15 15 17 32 28 4 36 33 3 13 7 6 39 36 3 42 39 3 18 13 5 15 11 4 18 14 4 7 3 4 58 52 6 66 61 5 24 11 13 13 13 (3 ) 12 12 _ 17 17 _ 4 5 3 13 13 10 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 5 57 41 16 56 40 16 45 34 11 7 2 5 17 17 1 38 5 62 48 15 60 46 15 50 40 11 7 2 5 20 20 1 33 1 37 15 22 35 15 21 24 11 13 6 ( 3) 6 4 3 1 57 16 64 53 11 63 53 11 59 50 9 6 2 4 32 31 1 30 17 66 56 10 66 56 10 61 53 8 6 2 4 36 35 1 28 5 46 27 19 43 27 15 41 27 14 7 1 39 19 21 39 18 20 23 12 11 6 (3 ) 6 3 2 (3 > 55 1 45 22 23 45 22 23 28 15 14 8 1 8 3 3 1 48 - 1 50 14 36 48 12 36 36 9 27 17 (3) 16 5 3 2 43 1 69 57 12 69 57 12 69 57 12 6 6 (3) 17 16 1 29 100 100 53 42 11 58 48 10 33 26 7 100 - 7 6 6 - 44 24 9 15 24 9 14 9 4 6 - 1 1 2 2 - 71 1 70 55 16 65 49 16 53 40 12 7 1 6 23 23 (3 ) 26 1 74 63 11 68 57 11 56 47 9 5 2 4 27 27 - 22 - 1 _ 2 70 59 11 70 59 11 70 59 11 7 - - 7 18 17 1 28 66 41 25 66 41 25 63 41 22 - 9 9 - 34 1 In c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h at le a s t p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r . L e g a lly r e q u ir e d p la n s su ch a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n and s o c i a l s e c u r i t y w e r e e x c lu d e d h o w e v e r , t h o s e p la n s r e q u i r e d b y S ta te t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w e re in clu d e d i f fin a n c e d at le a s t in p a r t b y the e m p lo y e r . 2 U n d u p lic a te d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s i c k le a v e o r s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly . 3 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not eq u a l to ta ls . Table 84. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans: Selected Areas ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and cle a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c ifie d h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N orth ea st T y p e o f p la n 1 A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ----------------------fe m p lo y e e s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id in g : L ife i n s u r a n c e ------------------E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d -----J o in t ly fin a n c e d -----------A c c id e n t a l d e a th and d is m e m b e rm e n t i n s u r a n c e ------------■ ---------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o th 2 --------------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e ------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ---------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y , n o w a itin g p e r io d ) — S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r io d ) — H o s p it a liz a t io n in s u r a n c e -----------------------E m p lo y e r fi n a n c e d -----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----------S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e — -----E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly fin a n c e d ---------M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e —--------E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d - — J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e — E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------R e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n — -— E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ------ — N o p la n s ------ --------------------- - A lb a n y — S ch en ec tady— T roy B r id g e port B u ffa lo H a rtfo rd N ew H aven N ew Y ork South N ew a rk and Jersey C ity P a ter P h il a son— C lifton — d e lp h ia P a s s a ic P it t s b u rg h R och ester S p r in g fi e l4 — S y ra cu se C h ic o p e e — H o ly o k e A tlan ta B a lt i m ore 100 100 ...100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1Q0 100 100 100 100 48 28 20 61 21 40 51 38 13 57 57 - 66 63 3 51 42 9 46 46 - 75 74 1 71 65 5 68 68 - 80 78 2 76 56 19 24 13 11 55 36 19 4 4 50 31 20 37 19 19 11 6 5 50 21 29 43 33 10 6 3 3 25 25 - - 6 5 1 54 54 • 47 47 * 76 74 2 63 56 7 4 4 * 31 22 8 4 4 „ 33 24 9 28 15 13 ► - 23 42 48 31 56 39 46 76 43 33 7 69 46 4 34 22 14 38 41 31 56 38 46 71 21 28 5 69 - 46 _ 29 22 8 5 10 28 32 9 31 - 56 - 38 - 46 - 71 - 21 - 28 - 3 2 56 u _ 31 15 - 23 6 13 10 15 10 7 - - 24 23 23 32 16 2 - - 9 4 4 _ - - 4 - - - - 50 6 12 2 - - _ _ _ 50 32 18 49 31 18 49 31 18 11 5 7 6 6 41 16 16 51 51 36 36 64 60 3 64 60 3 34 37 36 1 31 30 1 18 17 1 9 9 39 26 26 46 46 23 23 23 23 54 77 76 2 77 76 2 74 73 1 1 1 72 72 20 75 65 10 75 65 10 65 65 5 5 14 9 5 25 63 63 63 63 _ 80 77 3 80 77 3 80 77 3 2 2 73 73 16 67 54 14 67 54 14 62 54 8 7 • 7 . 23 50 31 20 50 31 20 39 19 20 20 8 12 11 5 6 50 9 9 42 25 17 40 23 17 26 20 6 3 . 3 2 2 29 14 15 31 16 15 21 16 6 47 61 41 21 20 41 21 20 36 16 20 - 10 10 52 S ee fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f t a b le . A lle n to w n — B e th le h e m — B o s to n E a sto n 70 15 55 70 15 55 70 15 55 6 6 7 6 1 22 - 43 59 59 _ 7 7 29 26 2 29 71 32 39 71 32 39 61 23 39 51 12 39 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 . . . » 29 91 _ _ 5 5 _ Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans: 102 Table 84. Selected Areas--- Continued ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e pla n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c ifie d hea lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N orth C e n tr a l South—-C on tin u ed T y p e o f p la n 1 A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s --------------------- D e t r o it G ary— H am m ondE ast C h ica g o G ra n d R a p id s 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 42 29 13 90 90 - 53 41 12 52 24 28 82 74 8 94 94 - 60 38 22 79 73 6 84 84 - 88 87 1 65 63 1 86 86 - 42 29 13 - 25 19 6 37 12 25 29 29 - 89 89 - 60 38 22 77 71 6 84 84 - 3 3 - 3 2 1 86 38 90 20 18 82 94 50 74 84 84 61 38 90 20 18 82 89 38 74 84 84 61 86 - 24 13 90 - 8 12 18 - 74 8 89 - 26 12 71 3 84 - 84 - 61 - - 6 C h ica g o C in c in n a ti 100 100 100 100 100 57 44 13 36 27 9 41 12 29 50 45 5 86 86 - 39 27 13 57 44 13 16 13 3 15 3 13 5 5 34 40 26 23 35 100 100 41 29 13 S ee fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f ta b le. D ayton A kron M ia m i E m p lo y e e s in e s t a b lis h * m e n t s p r o v id in g : L ife i n s u r a n c e ------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------A c c id e n t a l d e a th and d is m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e ------------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 2 --------------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e ------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ---------------J o in tly f i n a n c e d ----S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y , n o w a itin g p e r i o d ) ----S ic k le a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r w a itin g p e r i o d ) ----H o s p it a liz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ------------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----------S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e -----------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----------M e d ic a l i n s u r a n c e -----------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e — E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------R e t ir e m e n t p e n s i o n --------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------N o p l a n s ------------------------------ C o lu m bus W a sh in gton M e m p h is 34 40 New O r le a n s 26 86 32 2 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 55 42 13 55 42 13 53 40 13 13 13 38 26 12 38 26 12 13 9 4 2 2 37 32' 5 5 5 3 3 - - 89 86 3 89 86 3 89 86 3 84 84 11 41 28 13 41 28 13 36 28 8 - - 44 7 37 44 7 37 41 3 37 30 2 28 51 90 90 12 12 8 8 8 8 14 14 10 66 44 22 66 44 22 66 44 22 5 5 5 5 34 50 28 22 48 26 22 48 26 22 4 4 48 82 74 8 82 74 8 35 29 6 5 5 17 40 - 26 - - 3 - - 45 33 13 45 33 13 40 33 7 6 - 35 7 15 27 7 6 18 11 7 44 22 C le v e la n d 43 62 - 48 - 55 6 In d ia n a p o lis K ansas City M ilw a u k e e M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l 94 89 6 94 89 6 94 89 6 89 89 6 - - - 2 13 - - 7 - 60 38 22 60 38 22 35 13 22 13 13 38 38 40 95 73 22 95 73 22 76 73 3 3 3 5 84 84 84 84 84 84 - 92 91 1 92 91 1 11 10 1 4 4 8 65 63 1 65 63 1 65 63 1 3 2 1 61 61 35 - 16 Table 84. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans: Selected Areas---- Continued (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s in la u n d ry and c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c ifie d h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s , 51 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , m id —1966) N orth C en tra l—-C o n tin u e d W e st T y p e o f p la n 1 O m aha A l l in s id e p la n t w o r k e r s ---------------------E m p lo y e e s in e s t a b l is h m e n ts p r o v id in g : L ife i n s u r a n c e ------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e -----------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o th 2 --------------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e ------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ---------------J o in t ly fi n a n c e d -----S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y , no w a itin g p e r i o d ) ----S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r io d ) — H o s p ita liz a t io n i n s u r a n c e -----------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ---------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ---------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------C a t a s t r o p h e in s u r a n c e — E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------R e t ir e m e n t p e n s i o n --------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------N o p l a n s ------------------------------ Y oung s tow n— D e n v e r W a rren L os A n g e le s L on g B e a c h and A n a h e im — P h o e n ix Santa A n a G arden G rov e San Jose 100 100 100 100 100 100 67 67 - 56 9 47 58 44 14 97 97 - 85 85 - 80 80 - 47 6 41 94 94 - 67 67 - - 72 59 14 86 86 - 85 85 - 69 69 _ _ _ _ 6 94 - - 30 - 69 3 2 94 _ - 14 _ 69 _ 14 - - 69 - 3 100 100 100 65 63 2 17 4 12 94 94 - 9 4 6 50 50 - - 5 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 65 16 49 54 47 7 95 95 - 58 48 9 9 9 - 88 63 24 20 4 16 27 10 17 54 47 7 95 95 - 29 29 - 9 9 - 32 11 21 W ich ita San F ran cis c o O ak land S a cra m e n to St. L o u is T o le d o San D ie g o P o r t la n d R o c k fo r d Salt L ak e C ity S ea ttle— T u cson E v erett 16 7 95 58 - 80 3 16 7 95 58 - 80 3 16 7 95 - 52 5 - 55 24 3 - 2 - 94 - - - - - - - 3 6 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - 16 - - - - 50 17 33 50 17 33 50 17 33 25 10 16 18 35 32 3 35 32 3 35 32 3 12 10 3 43 95 95 95 95 95 95 5 17 17 3 3 3 3 42 9 9 9 9 9 9 91 88 60 28 36 8 28 28 28 21 21 6 16 6 9 16 6 9 16 6 9 6 6 12 6 6 74 72 68 4 72 68 4 72 68 4 8 8 8 8 27 23 6 17 23 6 17 23 6 17 21 2 19 59 94 94 94 94 94 94 2 2 6 81 81 81 81 81 81 15 15 67 67 19 63 21 43 63 21 43 63 21 43 37 80 60 19 80 60 19 80 60 19 9 5 4 20 100 100 100 100 100 100 71 71 - 85 85 85 85 85 85 15 80 80 80 80 80 80 44 44 71 71 20 52 24 28 52 24 28 52 42 28 24 24 - - " _ 42 1 I n c lu d e s o n ly th o s e p la n s f o r w h ich at le a s t p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r . L e g a lly r e q u ir e d p la n s su ch a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n an d s o c i a l s e c u r i t y w e r e e x clu d e d ; h o w e v e r , t h o s e p la n s r e q u i r e d b y State t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w e r e in c lu d e d i f fin a n c e d in p a r t b y the e m p l o y e r . 2 U n d u p lic a te d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e o r s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly . Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey Scope of Survey The survey covered establishments primarily engaged in: (1) Operating mechanical laundries with steam or other power; (2) furnishing laundry service, except power laundries; (3) supplying laundered linens, work clothing, or uniforms on a contract basis; (4) supplying diapers and other baby linens to homes, usually on a contract basis; (5) renting home type laundry equipment for use on the prem ises; (6) drycleaning or dyeing apparel and household fabrics other than rugs; and (7) cleaning or cleaning and repairing rugs (industry group 721 as defined in the 1957 edition and 1963 Supplement of the Standard Industrial C lassifica tion Manual, prepared by the U .S. Bureau of the Budget). The establishments studied were selected from those employing four workers or more at the time of reference of the data used in compiling the universe lists. The scope of the current survey corresponds with that of a similar survey conducted in June 1963, as far as national and regional tabulations are concerned.10 This general correspondence does not, however, apply to data for individual areas. Area tabulations for the current survey relate to all establishments as previously defined; those for the 1963 sur vey exclude all establishments with fewer than 20 workers; the tabulations also exclude those primarily engaged in furnishing laundry service, except power laundries; supplying diapers and other baby linens; and renting home type laundry equipment for use on the prem ises. The number of establishments and workers actually studied by the Bureau, as well as the number estimated to be within scope of the current survey, are shown in the table on the following page. Method of Study Data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists under the direction of the Bureau's Assistant Regional Directors for Wages and Industrial Relations. The survey was conducted on a sample basis. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments was studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments were given their appropriate weight. All estimates are pre sented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industries, excluding only those below the minimum size at the time of reference of the universe data. Payroll Period Data collection extended over a period of several months in m id -1966. Information for the majority of the establishments visited relate to a payroll period in May, June, or July. The most common payroll period for the selected areas is indicated on the individ ual tabulations. Establishment Definition An establishment, for the purposes of this study, is defined as a single physical loca tion where business is transacted with the exception that separate stores or pickup stations operated by an establishment are included as part of that establishment. An establishment is not necessarily identical with a business concern or company which may consist of one establishment or more. Thus, if a company operated three laundries within the same area, each was considered as a separate establishment. Employment The estimate of the total number of workers within scope of the study is intended only as a general guide to the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. It differs from the number published in the Bureau of Labor Statistics monthly employment and earnings series because of the exclusion of establishments employing fewer than four 10 See footnote 1, p. 1. 105 106 Estimated Number o f Establishments and Employees Within Scope o f Survey and Number Surveyed, Laundry and Cleaning Services, Mid— 1966 Employees in establishments Numb er o f establisliments 2 Within scope o f survey Item 1 ' Within scope o f survey Surveyed Nonsupervisory em ployees, except routemen Total 3 Total Inside plant Total surveyed Office United S tates-------------------------------------------------Metropolitan areas-------------------------------------N onm etropolitan--------------------------------------- 23,145 17, 265 5, 880 2,059 1,804 255 483,974 393,186 90, 788 397,715 322,380 75, 335 379,207 306,821 72,386 18,508 15,559 2,949 140,898 132,276 8,622 Northeast---------------------------------------------------------Metropolitan areas4 -----------------------------------A lbany-Schenectady— r o y ------------------T A ll entown-Bethle hem— Easton--------------Boston---------------------------------------------------Power laundries-------------------------------D ryclea n ers-------------------------------------B ridgeport--------------------------------------------B u ffa lo-------------------------------------------------Hartford------------------------------------------------New H a v e n ------------------------------------------New Y o r k ---------------------------------------------Power la u n d ries-------------------------------D ryclea n ers-------------------------------------Newark and Jersey C it y ------------------------Power laundries-------------------------------Paterson-Clifton— Passaic----------------------P h ila d elp h ia ----------------------------------------Power laundries-------------------------------D ryclea n ers-------------------------------------Pittsburgh----------------------------------------------Rochester----------------------------------------------Springfield-Chi cope e— olyoke-------------H Syracuse ----------------------------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ------------------------------ 5, 728 4,974 74 44 347 123 181 54 129 75 67 1,801 181 1, 115 278 61 136 542 116 325 240 75 67 68 754 567 531 14 14 61 25 21 12 21 20 9 106 30 33 41 15 24 65 26 27 32 16 14 10 36 120,626 107,385 1,918 1,349 8,346 3,466 2,664 990 3,0 0 4 1,848 1,279 33,114 10,875 11,201 7,918 3,518 3,3 2 7 12,178 5,136 4,4 2 8 5,276 2,519 1,314 1,586 13,241 97,395 86,268 1,626 1,064 6,6 8 8 3,012 2,1 6 7 743 2,322 1,507 926 26,850 9,437 8,839 6,2 2 0 2,8 8 0 2,6 7 7 9,531 4, 049 3,685 4,521 1,957 1,022 1, 123 11,127 92,293 81,643 1,539 979 6,239 2,839 2,082 696 2,2 1 0 1,433 869 25,597 9,148 8,665 5,810 2,719 2,553 8,955 3,8 1 0 3,557 4,328 1,875 957 1,068 10,650 5,102 4,625 87 85 449 173 85 47 112 74 57 1,253 289 174 410 161 124 576 239 128 198 82 65 55 477 38,632 37,280 707 948 3,533 1,676 710 422 1,584 1,044 545 9,336 3,7 8 7 1,673 4, 119 2 ,075 1,705 4,231 2,786 619 1,937 1,367 652 653 1,352 South -------------------------------- - --------------------------Metropolitan areas 4 ---------------------------------A tlanta-------------------------------------------------Baltimore----------------------------------------------Power laundries-------------------------------D ryclea n ers-------------------------------------M em p h is----------------------------------------------M i a m i -------------------------------------------------New O rlea n s----------------------------------------W ashington-------------------------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ------------------------------ 8,389 5,452 202 196 48 133 102 161 187 366 2,937 566 441 34 38 14 18 17 29 29 46 125 169,658 122,404 5,369 6,313 2,507 2,328 3 ,3 9 0 4 ,484 2,859 9,736 47, 254 142,358 102,364 4 ,5 9 0 5,251 1,984 2,053 2,836 3,764 2,469 8,196 39,994 137,062 98,350 4,452 4 ,987 1,882 2,008 2, 749 3,602 2,395 7,880 38,712 5,296 4 ,014 138 264 102 45 87 162 74 316 1,282 36,100 31,611 2,585 2,8 2 0 1,504 578 1,781 2,656 1,492 3,4 4 5 4,489 North Central-------------------------------------------------Metropolitan areas4 ---------------------------------A k ron ---------------------------------------------------Chicago ------------------------------------------------Power laundries-------------------------------D ryclea n ers-------------------------------------C in cinnati--------------------------------------------C le v e la n d --------------------------------------------Columbus --------------------------------------------D a y ton -------------------------------------------------D etroit-------------------------------------------------D ryclea n ers-------------------------------------- 5, 808 4,007 101 806 108 419 186 243 105 91 482 358 591 518 16 77 26 27 18 30 14 13 48 24 131,959 107, 907 1,924 25,911 8,115 9,5 8 7 3,3 1 0 5,941 2,413 2,192 12,504 5,912 107,127 88,050 1,700 20,251 6,3 7 5 8,074 2,778 4,9 9 4 2,034 1,879 10,640 5,243 101,732 83,520 1,648 18,998 5, 930 7, 898 2,648 4 ,747 1,969 1,762 10, 172 5,111 5,395 4, 530 52 1,253 445 176 130 247 65 117 468 132 46,6 67 44,527 1,112 8,853 3,9 0 5 2 ,020 1,450 2,7 6 8 1,409 1,048 5,361 1,134 See footnotes at end of table. 107 Estimated Number o f Establishments and Employees Within Scope o f Survey and Number Surveyed, Laundry and Cleaning Services, M id—1966— Continued Employees in establishments Number o f establishments 2 Within scope o f survey Item 1 Nonsupervisory em ployees, except routemen Total surveyed Within scope o f survey North Central— Continued Metropolitan areas4— Continued Gary— Hammond-East C h ic a g o -----------Grand Rapids--------------------------------------Indianapolis --------------------------------------Kansas C it y ----------------------------------------Milwaukee ----------------------------------------Minneapolis— St. Paul ------------------------O m a h a ------------------------------------------------R o c k fo r d --------------------------------------------St. L o u is --------------------------------------------T o le d o ------------------------------------------------W ic h it a ----------------------------------------------Youngstown-W arren---------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ---------------------------- W e s t ---------- --------------------------------------------------Metropolitan areas 4 -------------------------------D en ver------------------------------------------------Los Angeles— Long Beach and Anaheim— Santa Ana-Garden G rove------------------------------------------------Power laundries-----------------------------D rycleaners-----------------------------------P h o e n ix ----------------------------------------------Portland----------------------------------------------Sacram en to----------------------------------------Salt Lake C ity-------------------------------------San D i e g o ------------------------------------------San Francis c o -O a k la n d ----------------------Power laundries-----------------------------San Jose----------------------------------------------Seattle— verett-----------------------------------E T u cson ------------------------------------------------Nonmetropolitan a r e a s ---------------------------- Surveyed 66 45 110 151 89 142 49 33 279 89 63 54 1,801 14 12 21 30 22 32 19 12 36 14 13 14 73 1,576 1,427 3,491 3,3 7 8 3,815 4, 725 1,487 789 6 ,1 6 4 2 ,079 1,206 1,450 24,052 1,289 1,108 2 ,8 5 0 2,8 2 4 3,162 3 ,692 1,233 643 4 ,8 7 9 1,738 999 1,113 19,077 1,237 1.072 2 ,675 2,6 8 0 2 ,9 6 7 3,4 8 9 1,172 589 4 ,592 1,698 961 1,035 18,212 52 36 175 144 195 203 61 54 287 40 38 78 865 829 1,037 2,1 1 7 1,798 2, 797 2,876 1,042 592 3 ,036 843 657 705 2 ,1 4 0 3, 220 2,832 120 335 314 26 61, 731 55,490 2,894 50,835 45,698 2,286 48,1 20 43,308 2,173 2,715 2 ,3 9 0 113 19,499 18, 858 1,831 871 176 496 100 114 70 66 123 309 73 75 95 54 388 86 19 35 18 16 11 12 17 37 15 12 16 11 21 16,396 3 ,714 5 ,614 1,988 2,1 6 0 1,465 1,345 3,0 9 8 6 ,432 2,508 1,439 2,376 1,104 6,241 13,672 3 ,2 2 4 4, 718 1,586 1,760 1,151 1,052 2,482 5 ,2 8 0 2 ,114 1,252 1,991 872 5,137 13,055 3,1 3 4 4 ,5 9 9 1,502 1,667 1,078 998 2,348 4, 985 2,014 1,216 1,843 831 4,812 617 90 119 84 93 73 54 134 295 100 36 148 41 325 5 ,2 3 7 1,122 948 1,186 1,041 563 797 851 2,355 948 722 1,386 676 641 Total 3 Total Inside plant O ffice 1 For definition o f metropolitan areas and regions, see p. 108; for definition o f the selected areas, see tables 7 through 57. 2 Includes only establishments with 4 workers or more at the tim e o f reference o f the universe data. 3 Includes executive, professional, routemen and other employees excluded from the separate inside plant and o ffic e em ploy ment categories. 4 Includes data for areas in addition to those shown separately. 108 workers, and the advance planning necessary to make the survey requires the use of e s tablishment lists assembled considerably in advance of data collection. Thus, establish ments new to the industry are omitted, as are establishments originally classified in the laundry and cleaning services industry, but found to be in other industries at the time of the survey. Also omitted are laundry and cleaning services establishments that are incorrectly classified in other industries at the time the lists were compiled. Definition of Terms Regions. The regions used in the study are: Northeast— Connecticut, Maine, M assa chusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South— Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, M ississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; North Central— Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; and West— Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the survey. Size of Community. Tabulations by size of community pertain to metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The term “metropolitan area, “ as used in this bulletin, refers to the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area as defined by the Bureau of the Budget as of March 1965. Except in New England, a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area is defined as a county or group of contiguous counties which contains at least one city of 50, 000 inhabitants or more. Contiguous counties to the one containing such a city are included in a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area if, according to certain criteria, they are essentially m etro politan in character and are socially and economically integrated with the central city. In New England, the city and town are administratively more important than the county, and they are the units used in defining the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Selected A rea s. These areas were metropolitan areas as defined above. through 57 for definition. See tables 7 Nonsupervisory Employees. The term “nonsupervisory employees" includes working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (plant and office), except routemen (driver-salesm en). Administrative, executive, professional, and technical employees are also excluded. Inside Plant W orkers. The term “inside plant workers" as used in this report, in cludes working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers engaged in nonoffice functions, ex cept routemen (driver-salesm en). Included are employees engaged in such operations as drycleaning, washing, pressing, etc. , and workers at separate stores or pickup stations. Office Workers. The term “office w orkers" as used in this report, includes all non supervisory office workers. Earnings. The earnings information relates to average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Incentive payments, such as those resulting from piecework or production bonus systems and cost-of-living bonuses, were included as part of the workers' regular pay; nonproduc tion bonus payments, such as Christmas or yearend bonuses, were excluded. The hourly earnings of salaried workers were obtained by dividing their straight-time salary by the corresponding hours of w o rk .1 1 Scheduled Weekly Hours. Data on weekly hours refer to the predominant work sched ule for full-tim e inside plant workers employed on the day shift. Weekly Hours Worked. Data refer to the hours actually worked during the week of the payroll period studied and included hours paid for vacations, holidays, sick leave, etc. 11 Group average hourly rates or earnings were obtained by weighting each rate (or hourly earnings) by the number o f workers receiving the rate. 109 Supplementary Wage Provisions Supplementary benefits were treated statistically on the basis that if formal provisions were applicable to half or more of the inside plant workers in an establishment, the benefits were considered applicable to all such workers. Similarly, if fewer than one-half of the workers were covered, the benefit was considered nonexistent in the establishment. Be cause of length-of-service and other eligibility requirements, the proportion of workers re ceiving the benefits may be smaller than estimated. Overtime Premium Pay. Data for daily overtime refer to work in excess of a speci fied number of hours a day, regardless of the number of hours worked on previous days of the pay period. Weekly overtime refers to work in excess of a specified number of hours per week, regardless of the day on which it is performed, the number of hours per day, or the number of days worked. Paid Holidays. vided annually. Paid holiday provisions relate to full-day and half-day holidays pro Paid Vacations. The summary of vacation plans is limited to formal arrangements, excluding informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the em ployer or the supervisor. Payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered the equivalent of 1 week's pay. The periods of service for which data are presented were selected as representative of the most common practices, but they do not necessarily reflect individual provisions for pro gression. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years of service in clude changes in provisions which may have occurred between 5 and 10 years. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans. Data are presented for selected health, insur ance, and pension plans for which all or a part of the cost is borne by the employer. P ro grams required by law, such as workmen's compensation and social security were excluded. Among the plans included are those underwritten by a commercial insurance company, and those paid directly by the employer from his current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident in surance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disa bility. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes at least part of the cost. However, in New York and New Jersey, where temporary disability insurance laws require employer contributions, 12 plans are included only if the employer (1) contributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employees with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness; in formal arrangements have been omitted. Separate tabulations are provided according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by a commercial insurance company or a nonprofit organization, or the benefits may be paid by the employer from current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes plans designed to cover employees in case of sickness or injury involving an expense which goes beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Tabulations of retirement plans are limited to formal plans which provide regular pay ments on retirement for the remainder of the worker's life. 12 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions. Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of o c cupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and inter area comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working super visors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handi capped, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary workers. ASSEMBLER (Matcher, sorter, assorter, distributor) Sorts or assembles the various drycleaned or laundered garments and other items of each custom er's order; and matching the articles according to description and identifying number as shown by plant records. (See inspector.) CLERK, RETAIL RECEIVING Receives work from routemen or from customers over the counter in the receiving office or store of a drycleaning or laundry establishment. Work involves, most of the fo l lowing: Maintaining a record of articles or bundles received; returning completed work to customers who call for it; collecting payment and maintaining simple records of money r e ceived; and in establishments where drycleaning is done, fastening an identifying marker to each article, examining an article for defects such as holes, stains, or tears, and making a record of the identification symbol assigned to each article with a brief description of the article and of any defects noted. Store managers are excluded. DRYCLEANER Operates a drycleaning machine to clean garments, drapes, and other articles. Work involves most of the following; Knowledge of cleaning processes, fabrics, and colors; placing sorted articles in drum of cleaning machines; operating valves to admit cleaning fluids into drum of machine; starting drum rotating, allowing it to rotate until articles are cleaned and removing articles from machine; and draining and filtering cleaning fluid. May, in addition, operate an extractor, tumbling machine, or place articles in a cabinet dryer. EXTRACTOR OPERATOR Removes surplus moisture from materials (such as wet cloth, clothing, knit goods, and yarn) by operating a centrifugal extractor. Work involves most of the following: Loading material into perforated drum of machine by hand or hoist; closing lid and starting machine, allowing it to run a predetermined time or until fluid stops flowing from drain; removing partly dried material; and handtrucking materials within the department. May assist the washer in loading, operating, or unloading the washing machine. 110 111 FINISHER, FLATWORK, MACHINE Performs flatwork finishing operations by machine. Work involves one or more of the following: Shaking out the creases in semidry washing to prepare it for the flatwork ironing machine; feeding clean, damp flatwork pieces into the flatwork ironing machine by placing the articles on the feeder rollers; and catching or receiving articles as they emerge from the machine and partially folding them. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers used in a factory, powerplant, or other establishment to furnish heat, to generate power, or to supply steam for industrial processes. Feeds fuel to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boiler room equipment. IDENTIFIER (OTHER THAN MARKER) (Classifier) Sorts bundles of soiled laundry, placing the articles into various net bags and attach ing customer identification tags or tickets onto the bags. May weigh, list, or count some or all articles contained in each bundle. Workers who mark or otherwise identify each piece in a bundle, and assem blers who do not handle soiled clothing preparatory to washing, are excluded. (See m a rk er.) INSPECTOR, DRYCLEANING Examines garments and other articles during or after the cleaning, dyeing, and p re ss ing operations. Work involves the following: Inspecting articles to insure that they have been properly processed and are without defects such as spots, stains, and tears; and r e turning imperfect garments for correction of details. May perform other duties such as wrapping, routing, and assembling garments after inspection. (See assem bler.) MARKER Marks or affixes by hand or mechanical means, customer identifying symbols on each item of soiled garments, linens, or other articles. May weigh, list, or count articles con tained in each bundle, sort contents of each bundle into groups according to treatment to be received, or note and record any damaged or stained condition of articles. Workers who do sorting, examining, or listing without marking the various articles are excluded. Breakers who also mark are included. (See identifier.) PRESSER, HAND, DRYCLEANING Presses with a hand iron, drycleaned or wet-cleaned garments, usually dresses and other articles that cannot be satisfactorily or completely finished on a steam pressing m a chine, or pleats garments by hand. PRESSER, MACHINE, DRYCLEANING Smooths the surfaces of garments, slipcovers, drapes, and other shaped-fabric articles with a pressing machine to shape the articles, remove wrinkles, and to flatten seam s. May operate two p resses, loading one while the other is closed. PRESSER, MACHINE, SHIRTS Operates or tends the operation of one or more of the several types of machines that press shirts. Performs such shirt pressing operations as body pressing, bosom pressing, collar and cuff pressing, and/or sleeve pressing. 112 PRESSER, MACHINE, WEARING APPAREL (LAUNDRY) Operates machine to press family wearing apparel (T -sh irts, socks, shorts, etc. ) or uniforms and coats from linen supply and commercial accounts. May fold and stack finished work or hang garments on rack. Shirt pressers are not to be included in this occupation. (See p resser, machine, shirts. ) SPOTTER, GENERAL Does general spotting on garments of all kinds. Work involves the following: Identi fies and removes spots and stains from garments by patting, rubbing, brushing, or sponging them with appropriate chemical solutions until the stain disappears. May prepare the chemical solutions. The correct solution and technique to use depend on the nature of the fabric, dye, and stain. SPOTTER, SILK Removes spots and stains from white garments, silk, fancy print d resses, delicate fabrics, and similar articles. Determines the most effective method of removing the spots by applying suitable chemicals. SPOTTER, WOOL (Rough spotter; dark spotter) Removes spots and stains from dark garments, usually wool. Determines the most effective method of removing the spots by applying suitable chemicals. Skill requirements are lower because of the fabrics and color of the garments worked on. TUMBLER OPERATOR (LAUNDRY) Operates one or more tumbling machines to dry articles that are not to be pressed, such as bathmats, bath towels, and similar items. Also folds and stacks individual bundles, maintaining the identity of each custom er's bundle. May operate drying cabinets for woolens. WASHER, MACHINE (Washman) Operates one or more washing machines to wash household linens, garments, curtains, drapes, and other articles. Work involves the following: Manipulating valves, switches, and levers to start and stop the machine and to control the amount and temperature of water for the sudsing and rinsing of each batch; mixing and adding soap, bluing, and bleaching solutions; and loading and unloading the washing machine, if not done by loaders or unloaders (pullers). May make minor repairs to washing machine. WRAPPER, BUNDLE Wraps packages or finished products, or packs articles, goods, or materials and secures the package or box with twine, ribbon, gummed tape, or paste. May segregate articles according to size or type, or according to customer's order and inspect articles for defects before wrapping. Industry Wage Studies T h e m o s t r e c e n t r e p o r t s f o r in d u s t r ie s in c lu d e d in the B u r e a u 's p r o g r a m o f in d u s tr y w a g e s u r v e y s s in c e J a n u a ry 1950 a r e lis t e d b e lo w . T h o s e f o r w h ic h a p r i c e is sh ow n a r e a v a ila b le f r o m the S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U. S. G o v e r n m e n t P r in tin g O f fic e , W a sh in g to n , D. C. , 20402, o r an y o f its r e g io n a l s a le s o f f i c e s . T h o s e f o r w h ich a p r i c e is n o t sh ow n m a y b e o b ta in e d f r e e a s lo n g a s a su p p ly is a v a ila b le , f r o m the B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s , W a sh in g to n , D. C. , 20212, o r f r o m any o f the r e g io n a l o f f i c e s sh ow n on the in s id e b a c k c o v e r . I. Occupational Wage Studies M a n u fa ctu r in g B a s ic I r o n and S te e l, 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1358 (3 0 c e n t s ). C andy and O th er C o n fe c t io n e r y P r o d u c t s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1520 (3 0 c e n t s ). * C anning and F r e e z in g , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 136. C ig a r M a n u fa ctu r in g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1436 (30 c e n t s ). C ig a r e tte M a n u fa ctu r in g , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1472 (2 0 c e n t s ). C otton T e x t il e s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1506 (4 0 c e n t s ). D is t ille d L iq u o r s , 1952. S e r ie s 2, N o. 88. F a b r ic a t e d S tr u c tu r a l S te e l, 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1463 (3 0 c e n ts ). F e r t i l i z e r M a n u fa ctu r in g , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1362 (4 0 c e n t s ). F lo u r and O th er G r a in M ill P r o d u c t s , 1961. B L S B u lle tin 1337 (30 c e n t s ). F lu id M ilk In d u stry , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1464 (30 c e n t s ). F o o t w e a r , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1503 (5 0 c e n ts ). H o s ie r y , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1456 (4 5 c e n t s ). I n d u s tr ia l C h e m ic a ls , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1529 (40 c e n t s ). Ir o n and S te e l F o u n d r ie s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1386 (4 0 c e n t s ). L e a th e r T a n n in g and F in is h in g , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1378 (4 0 c e n t s ). M a c h in e r y M a n u fa ctu r in g , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1476 (25 c e n t s ). M e a t P r o d u c t s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1415 (7 5 c e n t s ). M e n 's and B o y s ' S h irts (E x c e p t W o rk S h ir ts ) and N ig h tw e a r , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1457 (4 0 c e n ts ). M e n 's and B o y s ' Suits and C o a ts , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1424 (6 5 c e n ts ). M is c e lla n e o u s P l a s t i c s P r o d u c t s , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1439 (3 5 c e n t s ). M is c e lla n e o u s T e x t ile s , 1953. B L S R e p o r t 56. M o t o r V e h ic le s and M o to r V e h ic le P a r t s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1393 (4 5 c e n ts ). N o n fe r r o u s F o u n d r ie s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1498 (40 c e n t s ). P a in ts and V a r n is h e s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1524 (4 0 c e n t s ). P a p e r b o a r d C o n ta in e r s and B o x e s , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1478 (7 0 c e n t s ). P e t r o le u m R e fin in g , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1526 (30 c e n t s ). P r e s s e d o r B lo w n G la s s and G la s s w a r e , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1423 (30 c e n t s ). ^ P r o c e s s e d W a s te , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 124. P u lp , P a p e r , and P a p e r b o a r d M ills , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1341 (4 0 c e n t s ). R a d io , T e le v is io n , and R e la te d P r o d u c t s , 1951. S e r ie s 2, N o. 84. R a i lr o a d C a r s , 1952. S e r ie s 2, N o. 86. *R a w S u ga r, 1957. B L S R e p o r t 136. S ou th ern S a w m ills and P la n in g M ills , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1519 (3 0 c e n t s ). S tr u c tu r a l C la y P r o d u c t s , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1459 (4 5 c e n ts ). S y n th etic F i b e r s , 1966. B L S B u lle tin 1540 (30 c e n t s ). S y n th etic T e x t ile s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1509 (4 0 c e n t s ). T e x t ile D y ein g and F in is h in g , 1965—66. B L S B u lle tin 1527 (4 5 c e n t s ). * Studies of the effects of the $1 minimum wage. I. Occupational Wage Studies— Continued M anufa c tu r in g— C on tin u ed ^ T o b a c c o S te m m in g and R e d r y in g , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 136. W e s t C o a s t S a w m illin g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1455 (3 0 c e n t s ). W o m e n 's and M i s s e s ' C o a ts and S u its, 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1508 (2 5 c e n t s ). W o m e n 's and M i s s e s ' D r e s s e s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1391 (3 0 c e n t s ). W ood H o u s e h o ld F u r n itu r e , E x c e p t U p h o ls te r e d , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1496 (4 0 c e n t s ). * W o o d e n C o n ta in e r s , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 126. W o o l T e x t il e s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1372 (45 c e n t s ). W o rk C lo th in g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1440 (3 5 c e n t s ). N o n m a n u fa ctu r in g A u to D e a le r R e p a ir S h op s, 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1452 (3 0 c e n t s ). B a n k in g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1466 (3 0 c e n t s ). B itu m in o u s C o a l M in in g , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1383 (4 5 c e n t s ). C o m m u n ic a tio n s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1521 (2 0 c e n t s ). C o n tr a c t C le a n in g S e r v ic e s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1507 (3 0 c e n t s ). C ru d e P e t r o le u m and N a tu r a l G a s P r o d u c t io n , I9 6 0 . B L S R e p o r t 181. D e p a r tm e n t and W o m e n 's R e a d y - t o - W e a r S t o r e s , 1950. S e r ie s 2, N o. 78. E atin g and D rin k in g P l a c e s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1400 (4 0 c e n t s ). E l e c t r i c and G a s U t ilit ie s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1374 (5 0 c e n t s ). H o s p it a ls , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1409 (5 0 c e n t s ). H o te ls and M o t e ls , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1406 (4 0 c e n t s ). L a u n d r ie s and C lea n in g S e r v i c e s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1401 (5 0 c e n t s ). L ife I n s u r a n c e , 1961. B L S B u lle tin 1324 (3 0 c e n t s ). N u r s in g H o m e s and R e la te d F a c i l i t i e s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1492 (4 5 c e n ts ). II. Other Industry Wage Studies F a c t o r y W o r k e r s ' E a r n in g s ---- D is t r ib u tio n b y S t r a ig h t - T im e H o u r ly E a r n in g s , 1958. B L S B u lle tin 1252 (4 0 c e n ts ). F a c t o r y W o r k e r s ' E a r n in g s — S e le c te d M a n u fa ctu r in g I n d u s tr ie s , 1959. B L S B u lle tin 1275 (3 5 c e n t s ). E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s and H o u r s , June 1 9 6 5 R e ta il T r a d e . B L S B u lle tin 1501 (5 0 c e n ts ). B u ild in g M a t e r ia ls , H a r d w a r e , and F a r m E q u ip m e n t D e a le r s . B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -1 (2 5 c e n t s ). G e n e r a l M e r c h a n d is e S t o r e s . B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -2 (4 0 c e n t s ). F o o d S t o r e s . B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -3 (3 0 c e n t s ). A u to m o tiv e D e a le r s and G a s o lin e S e r v ic e S ta tio n s. B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -4 (4 0 c e n ts ). A p p a r e l and A c c e s s o r y S to r e s . B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -5 (4 5 c e n t s ). F u r n itu r e , H om e F u r n is h in g s , and H o u s e h o ld A p p lia n c e S t o r e s . B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -6 (4 0 c e n ts ). M is c e lla n e o u s S t o r e s . B L S B u lle tin 1 5 0 1 -7 (3 0 c e n ts ). E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s in N o n m e tr o p o lita n A r e a s o f the South and N o rth C e n tr a l R e g io n s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1416 (4 0 c e n t s ). E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s and H o u r s in E ig h t M e t r o p o lit a n A r e a s o f th e South, B L S B u lle tin 1533 (4 0 c e n t s ). 1965. * Studies of the effects o f the $1 minimum wage. ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1967 O - 264-642
@FedFRASER