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Industry Wage Survey:
Communications
October-December 1974
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1976
Industry Wage Survey:
Communications
October - December 1974
U.S. Department of Labor
W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Julius Shiskin, Commissioner
1976
Bulletin 1909
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Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents
Stock Number 029-001-01880-1
Catalog Number L 2.3:1894
P re fa c e
This summary of data on employment and hourly rates of pay is based on annual reports
filed with the Federal Communications Commission by telephone carriers, by the Western
Union Telegraph Co., and by international telegraph carriers, as required by the amended
Communications Act of 1934. Under a cooperative arrangement, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics tabulates and publishes the data as part of a continuing series.
The study was conducted in the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations. Philip
M. Doyle of the Division of Occupational Wage Structures prepared the analysis in this
bulletin.
Other reports available from the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies, as well as the
addresses of the Bureau’s regional offices, are listed at the end of this bulletin.
iii
C o n te n ts
Page
Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................................
Telephone c a rriers..................................................................................
Employment and wages in 1974
Trends in wages and employment ...................................................................................................................................
Western Union Telegraph Co .......................................................................................................................................................
International telegraph carriers ....................................................................................................................................................
1
1
1
3
4
5
Chart:
Average hourly rates of communications workers except officials and managerial
assistants, 1947—74
2
Text tables:
1.
Pay rates of non-Bell carriers relative to Bell carriers, 1974 ...............................................................................
2.
Relative pay levels by occupation and region, 1974
3.
Annual increases in average hourly rate for telephone carriers, 1964—74 ...........................................................
4.
Workers in major job categories, 1947 and 1974 ...................................................................................................
5.
Earnings in major job categories, 1947 and 1974 ...................................................................................................
6.
Regional pay relatives for selected periods .............................................................................................................
7.
Average hourly rates in major job categories, Western Union Telegraph Co., selected periods, and
percent increase 1947—74 ....................................................................................................................................
8.
Composition of work force, Western Union Telegraph Co., selected p e r io d s .....................................................
2
2
3
3
3
3
5
5
Reference tables:
Percent distribution of employees in occupational groups by average hourly rates, December 1974, for—
1.
Telephone carriers ..........................................................................................................................................
2.
Bell System telephone carriers ......................................................................................................................
3.
Non-Bell telephone c a rrie rs.............................................................................................................................
6
7
8
Average hourly rates of employees in selected occupations by region, December 1974, for—
4.
All and Bell System telephone c a r r ie r s .........................................................................................................
9
Percent distribution of employees in occupational groups by average hourly rates, October 1974, for—
5.
Western Union Telegraph Company ................................................................................................................ 11
6.
International telegraph c a rrie rs .......................................................................................................................... 12
Appendix: Scope and method of survey
....................................................................................................................................... 13
IV
C o m m u n ic a tio n s , O c to b e r-D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 4
Wages and working conditions at carriers employing
more than nine-tenths of the workers surveyed were
determined under collective bargaining agreements, usually
with the Communications Workers of America (CWA). A
number of carriers had several agreements covering em
ployees in various departments or geographic areas. The
New York Telephone Co., for example, maintained separate
agreements for its plant, traffic, and commercial depart
ments in the New York City area and different agreements
for those groups in the rest of the State.
Average hourly rates for the occupations studied sepa
rately ranged from $3.39 for operators-in-training to $9.88
for professional and semiprofessional employees other than
drafters. Experienced switchboard operators, the largest
group studied, averaged $4.26. Among the construction,
installation, and maintenance workers surveyed, averages
ranged from $4.63 an hour for cable splicers’ helpers to
$8.40 for supervisors of telephone craftworkers. Central
office repairers, numerically the most important construc
tion, installation, and maintenance job, averaged $6.13.
Although men and women were almost equally repre
sented in the industry’s work force, a number of the
occupational categories studied were staffed predominantly
by members of one sex. Women, for example, made up 94
percent of the telephone operators and 86 percent of the
clerical employees. Men, on the other hand, accounted for
94 percent of the construction, installation, and mainte
nance workers and 70 percent of the building, supplies, and
motor vehicle employees.
Carriers affiliated with the Bell System employed 804,842
workers, or about 94 percent of the telephone workers
surveyed. In each of the nine regions studied separately,
Bell System carriers accounted for at least 86 percent of the
work force, and for more than 95 percent in five regions.
Bell System companies, which often serve an entire State or
group of States, were typically much larger than other
carriers. Fourteen of the 25 Bell carriers, for example,
employed more than 25,000 workers whereas the largest of
the 37 non-Bell companies had only 7,600 employees, and
20 reported fewer than 500 workers.5
Sum m ary
Wage rates at the Nation’s telephone and telegraph
carriers averaged $6.04 an hour in late 1974—nearly 13
percent above the level of a year earlier.1 This gain, which
was the second largest recorded since the Bureau of Labor
Statistics annual surveys began in 1947, followed increases
of 9 percent in 1972 and 1973. 2 (See chart.) Employ
ment, however, dipped slightly during 1974 to 878,779
workers—about 1 percent below 1973’s record total. 3
Telephone carrier employees, 98 percent of the workers
studied, averaged $6.04 an hour in December 1974. At Bell
System carriers, wage rates averaged $6.14 an hour com
pared with $4.64 at other telephone carriers.4 Among the
telegraph carriers studied, average wages were $6.92 an
hour for U.S. based nonmessenger employees of five
international carriers and $5.69 an hour for Western Union
Telegraph Co.’s nonmessenger work force.
Telephone carriers
Employment and wages in 1974. Wage rates of the 860,497
employees of the Nation’s principal telephone carriers
averaged $6.04 an hour in December 1974. (See table 1.)
Wages of individual workers ranged from less than $2 an
hour to more than $10; the middle-half earned between
$4.44 and $6.82. Among the factors contributing to this
dispersion of earnings are the broad range of skills re
quired by the industry, differences in pay by carrier and
locality, and the extensive use of rate-range pay systems
for specific occupations.
1
See appendix for scope and method of survey including
definitions of employment covered and pay rates.
Since 1947, annual studies have been made in cooperation with
the Federal Communications Commission. Information before 1961
for all carriers included in the annual reports related to an October
payroll period. In 1961, the reference date for telephone carriers
was changed to December.
2See I n d u s tr y W age S u r v e y : C o m m u n ic a tio n s , 1 9 7 3 , Bulletin
1854 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1975).
3The study covered about seven-eighths of the 1,002,300 workers
in the Nation’s telephone and telegraph communications industry at
5
See appendix A for a definition of the carriers included in this
the time of the survey.
study.
4
The study was limited to those carriers (62) that had annual
In 1974, more than 1,600 independent telephone carriers,
operating revenues exceeding $1 million and were engaged in
employing an estimated 163,000 workers, operated in the United
States; of these, 37 carriers employing 55,700 workers were within
interstate or foreign communications services either through use of
the scope of the survey.
their own facilities or else through connections with another carrier
For more information regarding the independent carriers, see
under direct or indirect common control. Officials and managerial as
I n d e p e n d e n t T e le p h o n e S ta tis tic s , Vol. 1, 1975 edition (Washing
sistants of these carriers, numbering approximately 9,450, were not
ton, D.C., U.S. Independent Telephone Association).
included in the study.
1
Average Hourly Rates of Communications Workers Except Officials and Managerial Assistants, 1947-74
nationwide totals; these workers averaged $7.83 an hour in
December 1974.6
Regional differences in average wages varied little by
occupation. In at least 7 of the 9 regions, for example,
averages for central office repairers, experienced switch
board operators, and nonsupervisory clerical employees fell
within a 10-percent spread. (See text table 2.)
Average hourly wage rates for employees of Bell System
carriers were substantially higher than those of other
carriers—$6.14 in contrast to $4.64. At the occupational
level, a similar pattern was observed, as non-Bell averages
typically ranged from 72 to 91 percent of the Bell rate.
(See tables 2 and 3.) Differences between the two carrier
groups narrowed somewhat when weekly earnings were
compared, reflecting the longer average workweeks re
ported for non-Bell carriers. (See text table 1.)
Regionally, average wage rates ranged from $5.43 in the
Southeast to $6.69 in the Middle Atlantic States. The
41,255 employees of the American Telephone and Tele
graph Co.’s Long Lines and General Departments were not
allocable to individual regions, but were included in the
6
Also excluded from the regional tabulations but included in the
U.S. totals were carriers operating in Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico,
and the Virgin Islands. These carriers, none of which were affiliated
with the Bell System, employed 10,168 workers averaging $4.76 an
hour.
Text table 2.
region, 1974
Text table 1. Pay rates of non-Bell carriers relative to
Bell carriers, 1974
Relative pay levels by occupation and
(Southeast=1 00)
R e g io n
C le ric a l
e m p lo ye e s
(n o n su p e r
v is o ry)
E x p e rie n c e d
sw itc h b o a rd
o p era tors
C e n tra l
o ffic e
re p a ire rs
N e w E n g l a n d ......................
M i d d l e A t l a n t i c .................
G r e a t L a k e s .........................
C h e s a p e a k e ............................
S o u t h e a s t ..............................
N o r t h C e n t r a l ......................
S o u t h C e n t r a l ......................
M o u n t a i n ..............................
P a c i f i c ....................................
110
120
107
106
100
100
99
101
111
105
122
108
104
100
102
107
103
114
109
111
107
103
100
105
102
102
109
(B e ll c a rrie rs = 1 0 0 )
O c c u p a tio n a l cate g o ry
A ve ra ge
h o u rly
ra tes
A ve ra ge
w e e k ly
ra tes
76
72
74
81
80
91
82
78
76
78
83
81
91
83
A ll e m p lo y e e s , e x c e p t o ffic ia ls a n d
L i n e w o r k e r s ...............................................................
2
Trends in wages and employment. Average wage rates for
telephone carrier employees increased nearly 13 percent in
1974, the second largest gain ever reported for these
workers. Since the first BLS survey o f the communications
industry in 1947, wage rates have increased at an average
annual rate o f 6 percent—from $1.26 an hour to $6.04. In
recent years, however, yearly gains have substantially
exceeded this long-term trend, resulting in a doubling o f the
average rate over the past 10 years. (See text table 3.)
Text table 5.
and 1974
Average hourly
earnings
Item
Professional and semiprofessional e m p lo y e e s .............
Clerical em p lo y e e s ............................
Telephone operators .......................
Construction, installation,
and maintenance
w o rk e rs ..........................................
Building, supplies, and
m otor vehicle employees . . . .
Text table 3. Annual increases in average hourly rate for
telephone carriers, 1964—74
Percent increase
Year
A ll telephone
carriers
Bell System
carriers
Non-Bell
carriers
1 9 6 4 - 6 5 .......................
1 9 6 5 - 6 6 .......................
1 9 6 6 - 6 7 .......................
1 9 6 7 - 6 8 .......................
1 9 6 8 - 6 9 .......................
1 9 6 9 - 7 0 .......................
1 9 7 0 -7 1 .......................
1 9 7 1 - 7 2 .......................
1 9 7 2 - 7 3 .......................
1 9 7 3 - 7 4 .......................
2.7
3.3
3 .5
7.1
4 .0
7.5
14 .9
9 .4
9 .4
12.9
2.7
3.6
3.1
7.3
3.7
7.7
15.3
9 .5
9 .5
13.1
4 .3
2.9
6.1
5.7
7.2
8.1
10.3
8 .8
8.1
11.5
by the current study.
The change in average wages is also the result o f general
(Percent distribution)
Men:
N u m b e r ..........................................................
Percent o f to tal ...........................................
W omen:
N um ber ...........................................................
Percent of total ...........................................
23
9
33
11
1 7 9 ,7 0 0
33
4 2 2 ,7 0 0
49
3 7 3 ,0 0 0
67
4 3 7 ,8 0 0
51
1 Excludes officials and managerial assistants.
estimates were rounded to the nearest hundred.)
248
326
347
1.55
6.31
307
1.19
5.2 4
340
’ Increases of 3.3 percent in 1975 and 1976 were also provided.
For more information see C u r re n t W age D e v e lo p m e n ts , September
1974,p . 1.
8
Data for Bell System and non-Bell companies as reported to the
Federal Communications Commission in earlier years are not
comparable with those reported since 1951. (For more information
on employment and earnings trends in Bell System carriers from
1945 to 1965, see “Employment and Wage Trends in Bell System
Companies,” M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , March 1967, pp. 38-41.)
Workers in major job categories, 1947
8 6 0 ,5 0 0
100
13
22
21
$ 9 .4 7
5.0 7
4 .4 7
States. (See text table 6.)
wage increases negotiated under collective bargaining agree-
5 5 2 ,7 0 0
100
5
17
46
$ 2 .7 2
1.19
1.00
have changed little over the years. The highest averages have
generally been recorded in the Middle Atlantic or Pacific
regions and the lowest in the Southeast or South Central
wage averages by 1947 employment levels. This technique
results in an average o f $5.25—79 cents below that recorded
T o ta l, all em ployees:1
N u m b e r ..........................................................
Percent .............................................................
Professional and se m ip ro fession al...............
C le r ic a l..................................................................
Telephone o p e r a to rs ........................................
C onstruction, installation, and
m a in te n a n c e .....................................................
A ll others .............................................................
1 9 4 7 -7 4
pational groups. (See text table 5.)
Since 1951, Bell System wages have increased at an
average annual rate o f 5.6 percent compared with 6.0
percent for other telephone carriers.8 As a result, the gap
between average wage rates at the two carrier groups has
decreased from 43 percent in 1951 to 32 percent in 1974.
Regional relationships in average wages for all carriers
declined by more than one-half. (See text table 4.) The
effect o f such shifts can be observed by weighting 1974
December
1974
December
19 74
for most workers.7
Increases in average wage rates were not uniform among
the various occupational groups studied, ranging in
1973—74 from 8 percent for building, supplies, and motor
vehicle employees to 18 percent for clerical workers. As a
result o f such differences through the years, wage gains over
the 1947—74 period have varied significantly among occu
for example, the proportion o f higher paid professional and
semiprofessional employees has more than doubled, while
the proportion o f lower paid telephone operators has
O ctober
1947
O ctober
19 47
ments. Among Bell System carriers, for example, agree
increase in average wage rates over the years. Since 1947,
Item
Percent
increase,
ments negotiated in August 1974 provided increases o f 7.1
percent to 10.7 percent as well as cost-of-living adjustments
Changes in the occupational composition o f the indus
try’s work force have been partly responsible for the
Text table 4.
and 1974
Earnings in major job categories, 1947
Text table 6.
Regional pay relatives for selected periods
(National average=1QO)
(E m plo ym ent
3
Region
O ctober
1954
December
19 64
December
1973
December
19 74
N ew E n g la n d ...............
Middle A t la n t ic ..........
G reat L a k e s ..................
C hesap eake..................
S o u th e a s t....................
N orth C e n t r a l.............
South C e n t r a l.............
M ountain ....................
P a c ific ............................
99
105
10 4
99
87
92
92
89
106
101
107
102
96
88
92
89
93
104
100
110
99
96
89
94
89
92
105
102
111
99
96
90
92
91
93
102
Employment at the 62 telephone carriers studied de
clined slightly during 1974, dropping by nearly 6,000
workers or about 1 percent. This decrease was centered
among Bell System carriers, as non-Bell employment grew
by about 2,400 workers.
workers in both the CWA and UTW bargaining units
received wage and fringe benefit increases totaling 6.5
percent in July 1974. The agreements provide for an
additional increase o f 5.5 percent, as well as a cost-of-living
adjustment based on the Bureau o f Labor Statistics’’
Consumer Price Index, both effective in July 1975.11
The 1974 employment decline was in contrast to the
long-term trend in the industry. Prior to the year o f this
Established rate-ranges are provided for all classifications
covered by UTW and CWA agreements. Advancement
through the several progression steps is automatic after
specified periods o f service for employees meeting require
ments o f the job. Differences between the starting and
maximum rates for some occupations amounted to 75 cents
an hour or more. In UTW contracts, rate ranges for most
job classifications varied by locality, according to the
study, the only decreases in telephone carrier employment
occured between 1957 and 1962, when technological
change resulted in a sharp decline in the number, o f
telephone operators.9
Over the years, growth in telephone carrier employment
has been associated with changes in the occupational
makeup o f the industry, as well as in the proportion o f men
employed. In 1974, men made up one-half o f the work
force, compared with only one-third in 1947. Part o f this
shift can be explained by the .relative growth o f both the
professional and semiprofessional personnel and the con
struction, installation, and maintenance departments, both
staffed mostly by men.
In recent years, significant changes have occurred in the
mix o f men and women in individual job classifications.
The number o f male telephone operators, for example, has
increased from 376 in 1970 to 9,765 in 1974 and the
number o f women in construction, installation, and mainte
nance jobs has grown from 2,273 to 17,993 workers over
the same period. Most o f the increase in both groups was
amount o f business in each office. Nationwide contract
rates, however, applied to the technical classifications and
bicycle messengers.
Average wage rates for the occupational groups studied
ranged from $4.36 an hour for telegraph operators and
building service employees to $8.11 for the professional
and semiprofessional staff. Construction, installation, and
maintenance workers, about one-third o f the nonmessenger
work force, averaged $6.46 an hour. Clerical positions,
staffed by two-fifths o f the women, averaged $5.18.
centered among Bell System carriers.10 (The rate o f
increase at Bell carriers was 8 times the non-Bell gain for
In most occupational groups, wage rates for the highest
paid workers exceeded those o f the lowest paid by $2 an
hour or more. In a few jobs, however, rates for most o f the
workers were closely grouped. For example, two-thirds o f
the traffic department telegraph operators earned between
male telephone operators and 3 times as great for female
construction, installation, and maintenance employees).
$3.75 and $4.50 an hour and three-fifths o f the motor
messengers earned $3.75 to $4.
The 8-percent rise in average rates for nonmessenger
employees between October 1973 and October 1974
Western Union Telegraph Co.
followed an increase o f 7 percent during the October
1972—73 period. The average rate o f $5.69 an hour in
1974 was 442 percent above the $1.05 an hour average
recorded by the first survey in 1947. Changes in the
occupational composition o f the company’s work force
accounted for 70 cents o f the $4.64 increase in average
rates over the 27-year period.12 Since 1947, increases in
average rates for major occupational groups have ranged
from 258 to 415 percent. (See text table 7.)
Wage rates for Western Union’ s 12,637 nonmessenger
employees averaged $5.69 an hour in October 1974—up 8
percent from a year earlier. The company’s 526 motor
messengers averaged $3.75 an hour and the 181 walking
and bicycle messengers $2.33, up 7 percent and 8 percent,
respectively, from October 1973.
Wage rates for Western Union bargaining unit employees
are determined by labor agreements with the United
Telegraph Workers (U TW ) in all areas except the New York
Increases in average pay rates between 1973 and 1974
were not uniform among the occupational groups studied,
ranging from 7 percent for professional and semiprofes
sional employees to 14 percent for building service em
Metropolitan Area where agreements are with the Commu
nications Workers o f America (CW A).
Under terms o f 3-year agreements negotiated in 1973,
9During the 1957-62 period overall employment declined by
85,300 workers and the number of telephone operators dropped by
68,500.
1 °In January 1973, the American Telephone and Telegraph Co.
(the Bell System) entered into a consent decree with the U.S.
Department o f Labor and the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission (EEOC). Under terms of the decree, AT&T agreed to
provide more job opportunities for women and minorities, particu
larly in the higher paid craft positions. A portion of the recent
growth in employment of female construction, installation, and
maintenance workers may be attributable to this agreement.
4
ployees. Construction, installation, and maintenance em
ployees, the largest group studied, increased 9 percent.
Average rates for telegraph operators were also up 9
11 All percentage adjustments under the agreements were based on
July 27,1973, rates of pay.
The cost-of-living clause calls for an increase of 1 cent per hour in
wage rates for each 0.4-point increase in the CPI between January
1974 and June 1975. This adjustment, which became effective
July 28, 1975, is limited to a maximum of 25 cents per hour.
12Weighting occupational averages for 1974 by occupational
employments in 1947 results in an average of $4.99 rather than
$5.69.
Text table 7. Average hourly rates in major job categories.
Western Union Telegraph Co., selected periods, and per
cent increase October 1947 to October 1974
Text table 8. Composition of work force. Western Union
Telegraph Co., selected periods
O ctober
Occupational group
Occupational
group
Average hourly rates,
October
19 47
A ll employees, except
officials, manageri
al assistants, and
messengers ....................... $ 1 .0 5
Professional and
semiprofes
sional ............................ 2 .2 6
Telegraph office
superintendents
and m anagers............. 1.07
Sales e m p lo y e e s ..........
1.4 5
Clerical employees . . .
.99
Nonsuper
visory ....................
.99
Telegraph opera
tors ..............................
.94
Construction, in
stallation, and
maintenance em
ployees ....................... 1.26
T ra ffic test
ing and
regulating
em plo yees............. 1.43
Subscribers'
equipm ent
mainta in e rs ....................
1.23
Messengers............................
.69
M o t o r ..............................
.87
Walking and b i
cycle ............................
.6 5
1947
Percent
increase
October 1 9 4 7 —
October 19 74
19 64
1974
$ 2 .8 0
$ 5 .6 9
442
4.61
8.11
259
2 .7 5
3 .5 8
2 .6 4
5.51
5 .8 0
5 .1 8
415
300
423
2.51
4 .8 4
389
2 .4 2
4 .3 6
364
1964
1974
A ll employees, except officials and
managerial assistants:1
N u m b e r .......................................................... 5 3 ,1 0 0 2 6 ,3 0 0 1 3 ,300
Percent ............................................................
100
100
100
Percent of employees classified as:
Professional.and semiprofessional
2
4
6
Telegraph office superintendents
and managers ...........................................
8
10
4
Sales e m p lo y e e s ...........................................
1
5
(2 )
Clerical e m p lo y e e s ......................................
19
22
21
Telegraph o p e r a to rs ...................................
34
24
22
Construction, Installation, and
m ain ten a n c^ e m p lo ye es.........................
13
22
34
Building service em p lo yee s.......................
3
2
1
Messengers, m o t o r ......................................
3
5
4
Messengers, walking and b ic y c le .............
18
10
1
1 E m p loym en t estimates were rounded to the nearest hundred.
2 Less than 0 .5 percent.
N O T E : Because o f rounding, sums o f individual items may not
equal 100.
3 .1 5
6 .4 6
413
International telegraph carriers
3 .2 0
6 .3 8
346
3 .2 0
1.5 8
2 .0 6
6 .2 7
3 .3 9
3 .7 5
410
391
331
1.27
2.3 3
258
Average wage rates at the five international telegraph
carriers increased 10 percent during the year—averaging
$6.78 an hour in October 1974. (See table 6.) Averages for
messenger and nonmessenger employees each rose about 9
percent, reaching $2.54 and $6.92 an hour, respectively, at
the time o f the survey.14
Total employment o f the five carriers increased by about
4 percent to 4,938 workers in October 1974. Much o f this
gain, however, was accounted for by growth in the
professional and semiprofessional staff, which increased 15
percent; clerical employees and telegraph office superinten
dents and managers rose 8 percent. Average rates for sales
personnel, on the other hand, declined for the second year
in a row, down 6 percent during the October 1973—74
period. This decline resulted from the employment o f a
number o f newly hired workers who were paid at the low
percent. Declines were noted in several occupational cate
gories, including messengers (13 percent) and building
service employees (3 percent). The number o f telegraph
operators was nearly stable over the year.
Men made up slightly more than four-fifths o f the work
force in October 1974 and were predominant in nearly all
occupational groups. Women were employed primarily as
teletype-multiplex operators and nonsupervisory clerical
employees, groups which averaged $5.78 and $5.27 an
hour, respectively. Mechanics and maintenance technicians,
end o f the rate-range for the category plus the anticipated
introduction o f a sales commission program. Average wage
rates reflect not only general wage changes, but also shifts
in the distribution o f workers over rate ranges, which apply
to most jobs.
Employment at Western Union declined for the sixth
consecutive year, dropping 10 percent over the year. The
a major category for men, averaged $6.73.
Included in the study are carriers engaged in nonvocal
international telegraph communication either by radio or
ocean cable. Although many o f the occupational categories
October 1974 total o f 13,344 employees was only onefourth as large as that recorded by the first survey in
studied are common to both operations, some are exclusive
1947.13 The sales staff, contrary to the general pattern,
grew 5 percent over the year. Such year-to-year changes
to one carrier group. For example, radio operators and
radiotelegraph riggers were reported only by radio telegraph
carriers; cable operators, on the other hand, were employed
only in ocean cable operations.
have brought about dramatic shifts in the occupational
composition o f the work force during the 27-year period
covered by these surveys. (See text table 8.)
1 3Exclusive of 315 officials and managerial assistants reported in
study covered international telegraph carriers whose annual operat1974.
ing revenues are over $50,000. The addition to the current survey of
14The study excluded 108 officials and assistants and approxia carrier that did not report in 1973 had virtually no effect on the
mately 1,300 employees working outside the United States. The
wage and employment trends for 1973-74.
5
T a b le 1.
T e le p h o n e c a r r ie r s :
P e r c e n t d is tr ib u tio n o f e m p lo y e e s in o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s b y a v e r a g e h o u r ly r a t e s ,2 D e c e m b e r 1974
N u m l>er o f e m p lo y e e s
P e r c e n t o f e m p lo y e e s
A vera ge
s c h e d u le d
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p
T o ta l
M en
W om en
w e e k ly
A vera ge
ra te s
r e c e iv in g —
$ 2 . m r $ 2 . 2 5 $ 2 7 5 0 JJ2.75 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 ,2 5 1 $ 3 . 50 $ 3 . 7 5 $ 4 7 0 0 $ 4 . 5 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 5 0 $ 6 . 0 0 $ b . 5 0 $ 7 . 0 0 $ 7 . 5 0 $ 5 7 W $ 8 . 5 0
U n d e r and
and
$ 2 . 00 u n d e r
$ 2 .2 5 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 . 7 5 $3. 0 0 $ 3 .2 5 $ 3 . 50 $ 3 . 7 5 $ 4 . 0 0 $4. 5 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 5 0 $ 6 . 0 0 $ 6 . 50 $ 7 . 0 0 $ 7 . 5 0 $ 8 . 0 0 $ 8 . 50
A l l e m p lo y e e s , e x c e p t o ffic ia ls an d
m a n a g e r i a l a s s i s t a n t s -------------------------------------P a r t t i m e ------------------------------------------------------------
8 6 0 , 497
15, 952
4 22, 723
2, 0 6 6
437, 774
13, 8 8 6
38. 5
$ 6 . 04
X
1. 0
X
X
X
3. 1
X
3 .9
X
13. 1
X
0 .4
X
2. 1
4 . 05
0. 1
X
0. 1
24. 1
F u l l t i m e ------------------------------------------------------------
8 4 4 , 545
42 0 , 6 5 7
423, 888
38. 5
6 . 11
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
P r o fe s s io n a l an d s e m ip r o fe s s io n a l
p m p l n y p p s ------------------------------------------------------------
113, 077
-
( 3)
. 1
.4
2. 7
.2
. 6
1. 3
. 1
4. 1
.2
64, 202
38. 1
38. 3
38. 1
38. 0
3 8 .2
9. 47
4 . 82
B u s i n e s s o f f i c e a n d s a l e s e m p l o y e e s ------------S u p e r v i s o r s ------------------------------------------------------
3 5 ,2 9 9
7, 7 7 6
2 7 , 523
47, 211
5, 9 3 6
41, 275
. 6
9, 2 3 0
103, 847
77, 778
1, 4 5 4
76, 324
.2
D r a f t e r s ------------------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------
. 6
1. 0
1 .4
3 .8
. 3
2 .4
.2
160, 047
12, 3 2 3
38. 1
38. 3
1 4 7 ,7 2 4
33, 688
22, 804
38. 0
3 7 .4
N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s -----------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s --------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s -----------------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y ---------------------------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------T r a ffic
d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------
P l a n t d e p a r t m e n t -------------------------------------A c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t -------------------------A l l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s ----------------------------T e le p h o n e
o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------------
C h ie f o p e r a to r s
--------------------------------------------S e r v i c e a s s i s t a n t s a n d i n s t r u c t o r s ---------E x p e r i e n c e d s w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ------O p e r a t o r s i n t r a i n i n g -----------------------------------O t h e r s w itc h b o a r d e m p lo y e e s
-----------------C o n s tr u c tio n , in s t a lla t io n , an d
m a in te n a n c e
e m p lo y e e s
S u p e r v is o r s
-----------------------------------
o f te le p h o n e
c r a ft w o r k e r s —
C e n t r a l o f f i c e c r a f t w o r k e r s --------------------T e s t b o a r d a n d r e p e a t e r w o r k e r s -------C e n t r a l o f f i c e r e p a i r e r s -----------------------O th e rs
----------------------------------------------------------
In s ta lla t io n
and exch a n g e
O t h e r s ______________________________________________
L i n e , c a b le , a n d c o n d u it c r a f t w o r k e r s —
L i n e w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s -------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ' h e l p e r s -------------------------O t h e r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B u ild in g , s u p p lie s , a n d m o t o r v e h ic le
e m p l o y e e s ------------------------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s -------------------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s --------------------------------------------------O t h e r b u ild in g
s e r v ic e
16, 4 7 3
170, 228
37, 910
24, 294
52, 4 4 5
26, 654
4 , 150
2 2 ,5 0 4
4, 222
1, 4 9 0
o
( 3)
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4 . 57
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4 . 75
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5 . 71
5 . 07
7 . 55
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1. 7
3. 6
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1. 7
2, 3
3. 0
4 .2
4. 0
5. 7
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.9
1 .8
1 .4
2. 2
1. 6
2. 7
2. 2
2. 5
3. 7
3. 6
3. 5
4. 7
2. 5
5 .7
6. 7
18, 3 6 9
166, 6 8 9
3 7 .9
36. 8
9, 9 5 6
10, 2 3 2
129, 392
38. 3
37. 1
3 6 .7
4 . 90
4 .2 6
. 3
.2
1 2 ,7 2 9
4, 38 0
36. 1
3 8 .2
3 . 39
5 . 67
-
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2 6 7 , 187
17, 9 9 3
40. 0
6 . 31
.2
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34, 802
915
3 9 .9
87, 416
14, 6 7 3
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20, 364
6 2 ,1 7 2
5, 9 2 8
8, 464
3 9 .9
39. 7
8 .4 0
6 . 13
6 .2 3
6 . 13
( 3)
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( 3)
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4, 880
281
5 . 68
2 .2
( 3)
. 1
. 1
. 1
( 3)
. 1
-
2 0 , 428
176, 454
10, 734
2, 0 5 9
9, 7 6 5
778
10, 3 8 5
133, 503
17, 2 8 4
153
4 , 111
4, 555
4, 548
16 8
2 8 5 , 180
35, 717
1 0 2 ,0 8 9
26,
4 3 , 10 8
3 9 .9
3 9 .9
4 . 78
5. 04
5 . 12
4 . 47
7 . 66
Q
( 3)
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-
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-
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29, 755
3 5 , 151
292
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38. 3
3 8 .7
3 7 .6
9, 3 3 7
5, 3 9 6
70, 636
5, 161
37. 9
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6 . 15
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15. 5
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2 7 .7
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20. 9
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9
1
3
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5. 0
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14. 4
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21. 3
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0
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16. 3
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2 8 .4
17. 0
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1 9 .7
34. 6
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34. 5
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2 2 .4
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X
6. 7
3. 4
1. 5
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8. 6
1 9 .7
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21. 5
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4. 5
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3.
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5.
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23. 9
26. 1
1 .4
28. 5
2 9 .6
3 8 .4
2 4 .2
31. 0
2 1 .4
1 .4
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3. 6
6 .4
2. 5
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4 .2
4. 4
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16. 7
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6. 7
3. 7
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4. 4
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10. 6
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10. 9
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29. 4
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3. 7
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4.
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X
2
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1
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6 1 .4
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16. 3
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30. 8
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6
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r e p a ir c r a ft
w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------------P B X a n d s t a t i o n i n s t a l l e r s -------------------E x c h a n g e r e p a i r e r s ---------------------------------
L a b o rers
9, 4 2 4
54, 778
18 6, 701
16, 991
3, 4 8 8
13, 5 0 3
0. 1
over
e m p l o y e e s -------
448
024
326
098
95,
46,
28,
20,
795
808
131
856
1, 6 5 3
1, 2 1 6
195
242
40. 0
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6 .2 5
5 . 97
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33,
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808
817
515
4 9 , 143
13, 5 5 4
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32
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1, 6 0 7
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~
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39
33, 276
3, 4 9 2
2, 646
15, 36 3
23, 428
2, 721
38. 5
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5. 57
2
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5 .6
2 .8
7. 7
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35. 5
24. 5
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-
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22. 5
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O t h e r s u p p lie s a n d m o t o r v e h ic le
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------A l l e m p l o y e e s n o t e l s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d -------
. 1
2 .8
. 3
3. 2
6. 3
3 .0
.4
3. 3
1. 1
3 8 .4
I ______
1 C o v e r s 62 te le p h o n e c a r r i e r s w h ic h h a v e a n n u a l o p e r a t in g r e v e n u e s e x c e e d in g
$ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 ,
T h e s e c a r r i e r s a r e e n g a g e d in i n t e r s t a t e o r f o r e ig n c o m m u n ic a tio n s e r v i c e u s i n g t h e i r ow n f a c i l i t i e s
o r th r o u g h c o n n e c tio n w ith t h o s e o f a n o t h e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d i r e c t o r in d ir e c t c o m m o n c o n t r o l ,
2 S e e a p p e n d ix f o r d e fi n it i o n o f h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d in t h is b u lle t in ,
3
ite m s
L e s s th a n
0 ,0 5
p e rc e n t.
N O T E : X in d ic a te s th a t th e s e
m ay n ot e q u al 100,
d ata
w ere
n ot c o lle c te d ,
( B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g ,
su m s
o f in d iv id u a l
T a b le 2.
B e ll S y s t e m t e le p h o n e c a r r ie r s :1 P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f e m p lo y e e s in o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s b y a v e r a g e h o u r ly r a t e s ,2 D e c e m b e r 1974
N u m t e r o f e m p lo y e e s
A vera ge
s c h e d u le d
w e e k ly
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p
T o ta l
M en
A l l e m p lo y e e s , e x c e p t o ffic ia ls an d
m a n a g e r i a l a s s i s t a n t s ------------------------------
804, 842
F u l l t i m e ------------------------------ ---------------------
790, 449
14, 3 9 3
P r o fe s s io n a l an d s e m ip r o fe s s io n a l
107, 2 1 5
B u s i n e s s o f f i c e a n d s a l e s e m p l o y e e s ----S u p e r v i s o r s ---------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s ----------------C l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s
-------------------------------------
C o m m e r c ia l d e p a rtm e n t
---------------
--------------------------P la n t d e p a rtm e n t
A c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t -----------------A l l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s --------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------C h i e f o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------
8, 8 1 0
98, 4 0 5
60, 965
W om en
392, 468
1, 8 2 8
390, 640
73,
1,
71,
16,
098
174
924
413
h ou rs
3 8 .4
23. 7
$ 6 . 14
4 . 17
0 .8
X
1 .8
X
38. 3
6 . 21
X
X
3 4 , 117
7, 6 3 6
38. 0
3 8 .2
9 . 63
4 . 84
26, 481
4 4 , 55 2
38. 0
37. 9
38. 1
37. 8
1 0 . 07
6 .2 5
8 .8 2
3, 2 0 2
5, 6 9 4
13, 2 1 1
2 5 , 587
38, 858
150, 693
15, 9 2 9
1 6 0, 351
3, 8 9 9
2 1 , 688
1 2 ,0 3 0
36, 228
23, 234
4 , 112
4 9 , 332
33, 666
17, 8 9 1
165, 09 6
9, 4 8 2
138, 663
3 2 , 116
21, 806
40, 228
28, 385
16, 128
155, 614
38. 0
38. 2
37. 9
5 .8 1
5 . 15
7 . 61
4 . 91
4 . 63
3 7 .4
3 8 .2
4 .8 0
3 8 .7
37. 5
37. 6
4 .8 6
5 . 11
5 . 34
17, 2 7 3
3 9 .9
6 .4 1
868
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A l l e m p lo y e e s n o t e ls e w h e r e
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1 C o v e rs 25 B e ll S y ste m
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f a c i l i t i e s o r th r o u g h c o n n e c t io n w ith t h o s e o f a n o th e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d i r e c t o r in d ir e c t c o m m o n c o n t r o l.
2 S e e a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n o f h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d in t h i s b u l l e t i n .
3
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N O T E : X in d ic a te s th a t th e s e
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B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g ,
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'
T a b le 3.
N o n - B e ll t e le p h o n e c a r r ie r s : 1 P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f e m p lo y e e s in o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s b y a v e r a g e h o u r ly r a t e s , 2 D e c e m b e r 1974
N u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s
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P r o fe s s io n a l an d s e m ip r o fe s s io n a l
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C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t ----------------------T r a ffic
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--------------------------------
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A c c o u n tin g d e p a r tm e n t
A l l o th e r d e p a rtm e n ts
T e le p h o n e
--------------------------
o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------------
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C e n tr a l o ffic e c r a ft w o r k e r s
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16. 0
10. 9
19. 1
16. 5
26. 1
.8
-
1. 7
-
2, 8 7 3
36
5. 48
4. 6
.4
. 1
. 2
L in e ,
2, 909
4 ,2 3 6
4 , 178
58
11
12
40.
40.
40.
40.
5
6
5
0
4. 80
4 . 52
5 . 08
3 .8 4
.8
2. 1
4. 44
5 . 57
-
. 6
.6
. 5
2. 3
-
2. 1
2. 3
2. 9
-
6 .2
7. 7
7. 7
-
-
-
-
-
-
.4
-
2 .0
-
3 .2
-
7. 0
-
5. 7
-
8. 9
-
13. 5
-
.8
4. 2
1. 9
1 5 .4
3. 1
6. 5
1 1 .9
4 .6
12. 6
24. 7
---------------------------------------------------------
44
65
2
32
33
40. 0
39
31
8
40. 0
2 , 148
1, 8 0 3
14 3
248
345
5
12
41. 1
5 .2 6
.8
648
241
38. 3
3 . 33
.8
3 9 .3
4 0 .2
4. 26
6 . 37
M e c h a n i c s --------------------------------------------------
148
260
O th e r b u ild in g
e m p l o y e e s -----
889
O th e r s u p p lie s a n d m o t o r v e h ic le
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------
851
764
87
39. 5
4 . 52
-
. 6
293
228
65
39. 7
5 .2 0
“
3. 4
s e r v ic e
A l l e m p lo y e e s n o t e ls e w h e r e
c l a s s i f i e d -----
1 C o v e r 37 n o n - B e l l t e le p h o n e c a r r i e r s w h ic h h a v e a n n u a l o p e r a t in g r e v e n u e s e x c e e d in g $ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
T h e s e c a r r i e r s a r e e n g a g e d in i n t e r s t a t e o r f o r e i g n c o m m u n i c a t i o n s e r v i c e u s i n g t h e i r o w n f a c i l i t i e s
o r th r o u g h c o n n e c tio n w ith th o s e o f a n o t h e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d ir e c t o r i n d ir e c t c o m m o n c o n t r o l .
2 S e e a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n o f h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d in t h i s b u l l e t i n .
1. 5
.8
1. 7
3
L ess
1. 1
3 .4
th a n
1. 0
. 3
1. 7
2 .4
. 7
1 1 .4
1. 1
3 .4
0 .0 5
1. 6
2. 3
8. 0
8 .2
1 5 .9
3. 1
-
5 .4
6. 6
6. 5
8. 5
-
1 1 .4
14. 0
1. 0
-
1. 3
2. 3
13. 9
9. 0
5. 70
. 6
2. 0
-
10. 9
13. 8
39. 9
41. 5
8. 3
8. 1
1. 2
4. 3
55
4. 1
1. 1
2. 8
8. 3
2. 9
6 .2
4. 7
5. 2
1. 3
2. 1
3 .4
1. 5
2. 6
18. 1
3. 2
. 7
1. 0
O th e rs
5. 5
.8
2. 5
4. 3
. 1
. 5
L a b o r e r s ---------------------------------------------------------3 u ild in g , s u p p lie s , a n d m o t o r v e h ic le
e m p lo y e e s
- —
-------- ----------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ------------------------------------------------
10. 6
1. 1
1 9 .2
2. 1
1. 3
2. 1
. 2
1. 0
1. 6
-
1. 7
2. 3
. 2
22. 3
17. 2
17. 3
.8
2. 6
1 .4
1 .8
2 .6
3. 0
4 .8
2. 1
1. 7
. 5
3 5 .9
2. 3
3. 5
1. 0
3. 2
1. 4
2. 0
5. 2 5
1 .4
1 1 .9
1 7 .2
7. 5
1. 0
. 4
3 .9
1 .2
5 . 15
4 .8 2
1, 9 7 6
2 , 128
42
6. 7
2 1 .9
4 .8
13. 0
1 5 .7
3. 1
5. 5
1. 6
.2
3. 5
39. 9
1, 9 8 7
2 , 140
13. 1
2. 7
.8
2 .8
2. 3
40. 6
4 0 .2
a n d c o n d u it c r a f t w o r k e r s -
9 .8
6. 3
4. 9
5. 1
1. 9
4. 5
11 8
27
c a b le ,
17. 1
18. 7
12. 5
8. 5
3. 0
231
L i n e w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ----------------------------------------C a b le s p lic e r s ' h e lp e r s
-----------------------
-
17. 1
2 2 .9
16. 4
9 .7
12. 1
2. 1
8 , 167
4, 459
835
-
9 .0
13. 3
. 5
3. 3
1. 7
1 .8
1 3 .2
1 .2
1 .4
8, 2 8 5
4, 4 86
890
1. 3
19. 6
1 3 .8
13. 1
12. 0
5. 2
1 6 .4
4. 4
1 .8
O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------
2. 7
1 5 .8
1 0 .8
21. 5
11. 0
9 .4
In s ta lla tio n an d e x c h a n g e r e p a ir c r a ft
w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------P B X a n d s ta tio n in s t a lle r s
E x c h a n g e r e p a i r e r s --------------------------------
40. 9
40. 7
0
5
1
1
2 .6
11. 9
11. 0
7, 2 1 9
683
4, 212
2, 324
4, 012
2, 093
13.
2.
15.
15.
9 .0
13. 3
1. 5
27. 3
3. 1
16. 8
8 .8
4. 1
1 1 .4
3 5 .4
9. 5
3. 5
4. 4
9 .7
1. 4
9 .8
8. 3
11. 1
7 .8
9 .9
1 1 .9
6 .8 ' 9. 1
1. 5
1. 5
-
-
5. 1
5 .8
2. 7
6 .2
6. 4
-
1 0 .8
9 .5
3. 5
6 .2
3 .8
6 .2
3. 7
8. 3
9 .2
8. 6
5. 1
1 9 .9
4 .8
16. 4
3. 6
17. 3
2 7 .2
19. 1
1 1 .2
4. 5
-
2. 6
5. 1
10. 5
4. 7
8. 3
5. 4
1 0 .4
6. 1
. 1
-
.8
.4
. 4
. 3
-
1. 0
. 5
( 3)
( 3)
-
. 1
.4
5. 2
( 3)
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 4
1. 3
10. 0
. 1
. 1
.2
. 1
6 .9
. 4
1 .4
2. 5
-
-
17. 0
14. 1
18. 0
12. 1
( 3)
-
2. 6
3. 1
-
3. 5
. 1
2. 3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1. 4
5. 3
. 1
. 1
6. 3
-
( 3)
-
( 3)
.2
. 1
. 3
( 3)
. 1
.8
. 1
. 3
( 3)
2. 4
-
-
-
. 1
2. 3
. 2
11. 9
3 .4
1 9 .4
. 1
_
( 3)
-
1. 0
_
. 5
4 .2
. 1
-
2. 7
22. 7
. 1
6 6 .4
12. 4
1 .4
11. 1
( 3)
3. 7
23. 7
2. 1
-
. 1
_
1. 5
4 .8
6 .9
_
-
-
4 .6
1. 5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7. 0
3. 7
2 .4
2 .4
7 .4
1. 5
8 7 .2
6 .8
26. 2
28. 1
15. 5
2. 3
31. 1
_
. 7
1. 0
. 1
.2
3 .8
( 3)
.2
.2
1. 6
1 4 .2
3. 3
1 3 .8
1. 3
. 2
4 .2
. 1
. 1
13. 5
3 .4
. 7
.2
. 1
-
.8
12. 7
.9
1 0 .1
_
1 6 .2
1. 5
5. 1
. 1
-
19. 9
19. 6
20. 3
1 9 .2
-
10. 5
7. 9
. 2
8. 5 -
1. 1
.4
6. 1
1 9 .7
8 .2
15. 1
9 .7
. 5
7. 0
2 3 .9
2 3 .4
21. 7
28. 1
11. 5
. 5
12. 3
7. 1
5 .8
4 .8
2 1 .8
.6
2. 7
. 7
.2
8. 1
_
1 .4
_
. 1
.2
.4
2. 7
-
4. 1
11. 9
. 1
. 1
. 1
1 .6
6. 5
1. 7
5 .8
p e rc e n t.
N O T E : X in d ic a te s th at th e se
ite m s m a y n ot e q u a l 100.
d ata
w ere
n ot c o lle c te d .
(B e ca u se
o f ro u n d in g ,
su m s
o f in d iv id u a l
Table 4. All and Bell System telephone carriers:1 Average hourly rates2 of employees in selected occupations by region, December 1974
U n ite d S ta te s 4
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p 3
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N e w E n g la n d
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A ver age
h o u r ly
ra te s
M id d le A t la n t ic
A ver Num ber
age
of
h o u r ly
w o rk e r s
ra te s
G re a t Lakes
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A ver age
h o u r ly
ra te s
Chesapeake
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
S o u th e a s t
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
N o rth C e n tra l
S o u th C e n t r a l
M o u n ta in
P a c ific
Aver age
h o u r ly
ra te s
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
A ver age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
Aver age
h o u r ly
ra te s
$ 6 . 17
A ll c a r r ie r s
A l l e m p lo y e e s , e x c e p t o ffic ia ls
a n d m a n a g e r i a l a s s i s t a n t s ------------P r o fe s s io n a l a n d s e m ip r o fe s s io n a l
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------B u s in e s s o f f ic e a n d s a le s
e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ---------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ---------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y -----------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------C h i e f o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------S e r v ic e a s s is ta n ts a n d
i n s t r u c t o r s ---------------------------------------E x p e r ie n c e d s w itc h b o a r d
o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------------O p e r a t o r s i n t r a i n i n g -----------------C o n s tr u c tio n , in s ta lla tio n , a n d
m a i n t e n a n c e e m p l o y e e s -----------------S u p e r v is o r s o f te le p h o n e c r a f t
w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------C e n t r a l o ffic e c r a f t w o r k e r s —
T e s t b o a rd and re p e a te r
w o r k e r s -------------------------------------C e n t r a l o f f i c e r e p a i r e r s -----In s ta lla tio n a n d e x c h a n g e
r e p a i r c r a f t w o r k e r s -----------------P B X a n d s ta tio n in s t a lle r s —
E x c h a n g e r e p a i r e r s ---------------L i n e , c a b l e , a n d c o n d u it c r a f t
w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------L i n e w o r k e r s -----------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ---------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ' h e l p e r s -------B u ild in g , s u p p lie s , a n d m o t o r
v e h i c l e e m p l o y e e s ---------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ---------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s ---------------------------------------------
S e e fo o tn o te s a t e n d o f t a b le .
860, 497
$6. 04
113, 077
9 .4 7
64, 202
186, 701
16, 4 7 3
1 7 0 ,2 2 8
176, 454
10, 7 34
6 ..1 5
5 . 07
7 . 55
4 . 82
4. 47
7 . 66
10, 38 5
133, 503
17, 2 8 4
59, 796
$ 6 . 17
152, 682
$6. 69
143, 599
$ 5 . 99
49, 026
$ 5 .8 1
125, 659
$ 5 .4 3
28, 597
$ 5 . 55
8 5, 592
$ 5 .4 9
42, 404
$ 5 . 61
121, 719
8, 236
9 .4 3
19, 169
1 0 .9 1
18, 9 6 0
9. 04
6, 8 1 8
8 .7 5
13, 4 5 5
8 .7 0
3, 4 9 5
8 .2 7
8, 542
8 .6 6
5, 5 9 0
8 .4 0
16, 6 1 9
9 . 02
958
181
082
099
667
777
6 . 53
5 . 11
7 .8 1
4 .8 7
4 .4 3
7 .8 3
11, 852
34, 761
3, 742
31, 019
2 8 ,6 5 1
1, 6 0 4
6 . 92
5 . 63
8 . 06
5. 34
5 . 08
8 .8 3
11,
29,
2,
27,
28,
1,
5 .9 3
4 . 94
7 .4 3
4 .7 4
4 .4 7
7 .6 8
3, 154
11, 072
783
10, 2 8 9
9, 9 7 7
559
5 .7 8
4 . 91
7 . 50
4 , 71
4. 34
7 . 32
9, 105
2 4 , 92 9
2, 286
2 2 ,6 4 3
31, 253
2, 144
5 . 58
4 .6 6
6 . 75
4 . 44
4 . 10
6. 99
2, 45 5
6, 549
624
5, 92 5
6, 3 8 5
442
5 .8 0
4 . 65
6 . 72
4 .4 3
4 . 17
7 . 10
5 . 31
4 . 59
6 .8 1
4 .4 0
4 .3 9
7 .2 3
3, 4 5 3
9, 3 5 6
740
8, 616
9, 7 5 9
612
6. 05
4 . 71
7 . 32
4 .4 9
4 . 18
7 .2 9
9, 550
2 8 ,5 2 8
2, 4 7 4
26, 054
24, 026
1, 2 5 0
6 .4 7
5 . 19
7 . 78
4. 94
4. 69
8 .4 0
4 . 90
573
4 . 71
2, 657
5 .2 9
2, 240
4 .8 0
418
4 .7 8
1, 2 1 8
4 . 52
398
4 .4 6
941
4 . 70
409
4 . 67
1, 2 6 9
5. 09
4 .2 6
3 . 39
9, 4 4 8
493
4 . 13
3. 09
22, 434
1, 1 7 1
4 . 79
3 .6 3
20, 669
2, 752
4 .2 7
3 .3 9
8, 015
687
4 . 11
3 .4 9
24, 078
3, 140
3 . 94
3 . 01
4, 549
833
4 . 00
3 . 15
16, 0 33
2, 314
4 .2 3
3 .2 8
6, 8 4 0
1, 6 4 1
4 . 05
3 . 14
17 , 5 3 4
3, 3 5 3
4 . 50
3 .8 1
28 5 , 180
6 . 31
19, 626
6 .6 0
51, 472
6 . 78
47, 205
6 .3 9
16, 0 0 4
6 . 17
44, 051
5 .8 1
8, 546
6 . 12
29, 849
5 .9 1
12, 568
6 . 01
3 8 ,3 2 8
6 . 51
35, 717
1 0 2 ,0 8 9
8. 40
6 . 13
2, 668
8, 230
8 . 69
6 .2 4
6, 4 9 3
16, 8 0 9
9 .2 6
6 .4 4
5, 9 2 2
14, 781
8 .4 2
6 . 16
2, 049
5, 0 3 4
8 . 18
5 . 98
5, 2 7 1
13, 347
7 .6 9
5 .7 4
1, 1 1 6
2, 518
7 .7 9
5 .9 9
3, 2 98
9 ,9 1 2
7 .9 1
5 .8 8
1, 6 8 7
3, 9 0 0
7 .8 7
5 .9 3
5, 0 3 6
14, 9 1 8
8 . 50
6 .2 3
26, 292
70, 636
6 .2 3
6 . 13
1, 7 0 1
4, 320
6. 42
6 .3 0
3, 7 5 5
13, 037
6 .6 0
6 .4 0
3, 2 0 0
10, 698
6 .2 9
6 .2 0
898
4, 107
6 . 10
5 .9 6
3, 4 4 9
9, 8 3 5
5 . 62
5. 78
588
1, 9 1 4
5. 77
6 . 07
1, 8 1 0
7, 632
6 . 02
5. 92
823
2, 944
6 .0 5
5 . 92
4, 485
9, 982
6 . 17
6 .2 8
97, 448
48, 024
2 8, 326
6 . 01
5 .8 9
6 .2 5
5, 6 4 8
2, 228
1, 6 0 8
6 .3 3
6 . 18
6 .3 9
19, 086
9, 124
6, 037
6. 48
6. 46
6. 63
17, 6 24
8, 750
5, 056
6 . 11
6 . 08
6. 34
6, 0 21
3, 396
1, 6 8 1
5 .8 7
5. 65
6. 30
16, 0 99
7, 8 7 8
5, 2 5 4
5 .4 6
5 .2 9
5 .6 9
3, 0 8 0
1, 1 7 9
528
5 .9 1
5. 94
6 . 04
11, 122
6, 0 4 9
2, 8 95
5 .7 5
5. 60
6 . 14
4, 684
2, 202
1, 1 0 0
5 .7 0
5. 54
5 .9 6
12, 5 1 0
6, 3 8 4
4, 043
6 . 22
6 . 15
6. 39
49,
13,
33,
1,
887
808
817
515
5 .8 0
5. 37
6 . 01
4 . 63
3, 0 8 0
893
2, 0 0 5
60
6 .2 8
6 .2 6
6 .2 5
5 .6 5
9, 0 8 4
2, 379
6, 078
461
6. 28
6 . 08
6 .4 3
5. 04
8, 839
2, 533
5, 9 4 8
162
5 .9 5
5 .4 3
6 . 19
5 . 07
2, 900
834
1, 9 5 6
72
5. 70
4 . 92
6. 04
4 .8 9
9, 3 34
2, 425
6, 519
357
5 .4 7
4 .8 0
5 .7 8
4 . 30
1, 8 3 2
532
1, 2 8 4
2
5 . 61
5. 07
5 .8 4
5 . 51
5, 5 1 7
1, 6 1 4
3, 5 4 5
341
5 .0 9
4 . 65
5 .4 1
3 . 94
2, 297
758
1, 5 0 6
11
5.
4.
5.
5.
42
99
62
55
5, 8 6 4
1, 6 2 7
4, 086
17
6 . 13
5 .8 1
6 .2 0
5 . 12
33, 276
3, 492
2, 646
5 .2 4
7 . 98
6 . 12
3, 125
297
159
5 . 16
7. 70
5 .7 7
6, 575
742
636
5. 60
8 . 59
6. 30
7, 806
900
614
5 .2 8
7 .8 4 ,
6 .0 6
1, 9 9 9
226
128
5 . 05
8 . 14
6. 00
2, 750
267
34
4 .7 7
7 . 14
5 .7 9
1, 1 6 7
80
69
4 .7 9
7 . 00
5 .9 9
1, 5 7 8
108
202
4 .6 1
7 . 34
6 . 13
1, 6 5 7
184
94
4 . 76
7 .2 9
5 .4 6
4, 2 67
471
460
5. 50
8 .2 0
6 .0 3
3,
13,
1,
12,
11,
169
998
273
725
067
552
7,
16,
1,
15,
21,
1,
420
912
362
550
184
425
Table 4. All and Bell System telephone carriers:1 Average hourly rates2 of employees in selected occupations be region, December 1974—Continued
U n ite d S ta te s 4
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p 3
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N e w E n g la n d
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
M id d le A t la n t ic
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
G re a t L akes
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
Chesapeake
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
N o rth C e n tra l
S o u th e a s t
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
Num ber
of
w o rk e rs
S o u th C e n t r a l
M o u n ta in
P a c ific
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A ver age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
N um ber
of
w o rk e rs
A v e r
age
h o u r ly
ra te s
B e ll S y s te m c a r r ie r s
A l l e m p lo y e e s , e x c e p t o ffic ia ls
a n d m a n a g e r i a l a s s i s t a n t s ------------P r o fe s s io n a l a n d s e m ip r o fe s s io n a l
e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------D r a f t e r s -------------------------------------------------B u s in e s s o f f ic e a n d s a le s
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s --------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s -----------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y --------------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------C h i e f o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------S e r v ic e a s s is ta n ts a n d
i n s t r u c t o r s ---------------------------------------E x p e r ie n c e d s w itc h b o a r d
o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------------O p e r a t o r s i n t r a i n i n g --------------------C o n s t r u c tio n , in s t a lla t io n , a n d
m a i n t e n a n c e e m p l o y e e s -------------'-----S u p e r v is o r s o f te le p h o n e c r a f t
w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------------C e n t r a l o f f i c e c r a f t w o r k e r s -------T e s t b o a rd an d re p e a te r
w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------In s ta lla tio n a n d e x c h a n g e
r e p a i r c r a f t w o r k e r s -----------------P B X a n d s ta tio n i n s t a lle r s ~
E x c h a n g e r e p a i r e r s -----------------L in e , c a b le , a n d c o n d u it c r a f t
w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------L i n e w o r k e r s ----------------------- -----C a b l e s p l i c e r s --------------------- -----C a b le s p lic e r s ' h e lp e r s
-----L a b o r e r s ------------------------------------------------B u ild in g , s u p p lie s , a n d m o t o r
v e h i c l e e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s — -----------------------------------M e c h a n i c s ---------------------------------------------
804, 842
$ 6 . 14
59, 749
$ 6 . 18
1 5 1 ,1 1 2
$ 6 .7 3
124, 043
$ 6 .2 0
43, 817
$6. 04
122, 88 5
$ 5 .4 7
28, 424
$ 5 . 56
77, 700
$ 5 .5 9
4 2 , 101
$ 5 . 61
113, 756
$ 6 .2 3
107, 2 1 5
8, 810
9 .6 3
4 .8 4
8, 232
62 9
9. 43
4 . 60
19 , 0 7 2
1, 3 7 5
10. 94
5 .4 9
16, 9 3 5
1, 4 2 3
9 . 33
5. 05
6, 238
619
9 . 11
4 . 84
13, 2 9 9
1, 3 1 3
8 . 73
4 .2 9
3, 4 8 5
338
8 .2 8
4 . 45
7, 749
804
8 .8 5
4 . 18
5, 5 8 2
346
8 .4 0
4 .2 2
15, 7 2 4
1, 6 8 7
9 . 15
4 . 96
60,
176,
15,
160,
165,
10,
6 .2 5
5 . 15
7 . 61
4 . 91
4 . 55
7 .8 3
947
179
082
097
667
777
6 . 54
5 . 11
7 .8 1
4 .8 7
4 .4 3
7 .8 3
11, 8 0 0
34, 391
3, 7 3 5
30, 656
2 8 ,3 6 2
1, 5 9 5
6 .9 3
5 . 67
8 . 07
5. 37
5 . 11
8 .8 7
9,
26,
2,
24,
24,
1,
6 . 18
5 . 11
7 . 55
4 .8 9
4 . 63
8 . 07
3, 048
10, 106
762
9, 3 4 4
8, 852
542
5 .8 1
5. 08
7 . 55
4 .8 7
4 . 53
7 . 37
9,
24,
2,
22,
30,
2,
5.
4.
6.
4.
4.
7.
2, 449
6, 509
624
5, 8 8 5
6, 343
440
5 .8 0
4 . 66
6 . 72
4 . 44
4 . 18
7 . 11
777
393
192
201
730
363
5 ,4 6
4 . 69
6 .9 3
4 . 50
4 . 48
7. 30
3, 4 3 4
9, 311
739
8, 572
9, 671
608
6 . 06
4 . 72
7 .3 2
4 .4 9
4 . 19
7. 30
9, 2 6 6
26, 849
2, 456
24, 393
2 2 ,3 9 3
1, 1 4 6
6 . 50
5 .2 6
7 .8 0
5. 00
4 . 75
8 . 67
965
280
929
351
096
082
3,
13,
1,
12,
11,
765
658
160
498
140
327
F o r p u rp o s e s
o f th is
59
69
76
48
13
07
6,
15,
1,
14,
19,
1,
9, 831
4 . 92
573
4 .7 1
2, 633
5. 30
1, 9 5 3
4 .8 4
3 07
4 . 98
1, 2 0 3
4 . 52
397
4 . 46
896
4 . 77
404
4 . 69
1, 2 6 1
5. 09
123, 883
16, 8 4 6
4 . 35
3 . 38
9, 4 4 8
493
4 . 13
3. 09
2 2 , 178
1, 1 7 1
4 .8 2
3 . 63
17, 3 0 4
2, 712
4 . 47
3 .4 0
7, 01 8
687
4 . 32
3. 49
23, 546
3, 0 5 4
3. 97
3 . 03
4, 510
833
4 . 01
3 . 15
14, 692
2, 314
4. 34
3 .2 8
6, 788
1, 6 4 1
4 . 06
3 . 14
16, 0 5 9
3, 3 53
4 . 57
3 .8 1
262, 844
6 .4 1
19, 602
6 .6 1
5 0 ,8 0 0
6 .8 1
39, 309
6 . 59
13, 8 0 0
6 .4 2
42, 973
5 .8 4
8, 480
6 . 13
26, 624
6 . 02
12, 4 3 5
6 . 02
35, 247
6 . 55
33, 160
94, 870
8 . 53
6 .2 1
2, 666
8, 221
8. 69
6 .2 4
6 ,4 4 0
16, 586
9 .2 7
6 .4 6
5, 1 0 3
1 2 ,1 7 3
8 . 67
6 . 32
1, 7 3 3
4, 300
8 . 56
6 .2 2
5, 1 3 2
12, 932
7. 73
5 .7 8
1, 1 0 3
2, 502
7 .8 1
6. 00
2, 905
9, 0 4 2
8 . 05
5 .9 7
1, 6 7 5
3, 8 3 8
7 .8 8
5 .9 3
4, 690
14, 138
8 . 59
6 .2 5
25, 609
2, 837
6 .2 6
6 . 03
1, 7 0 0
2, 208
6 . 42
5 . 98
3, 7 31
9
6 .6 1
6. 76
2, 975
30
6 .3 6
6 . 57
848
6 . 17
3, 3 6 9
59
5. 64
6 .0 3
588
5 .7 7
1, 7 3 6
6. 05
821
131
6. 05
5 .4 6
4, 383
49
6 . 17
6 .4 7
8 9 , 163
4 3 , 538
27, 436
6 . 09
6 . 00
6 .2 6
5, 6 4 3
2, 228
1, 6 0 8
6 . 33
6 . 18
6 .3 9
1 8 ,8 3 6
8, 987
6, 0 3 7
6 . 51
6 . 48
6 .6 3
14, 8 8 8
7, 4 4 5
4, 768
6 . 30
6 .2 4
6 .4 4
5, 2 7 9
2, 707
1, 6 8 1
6 . 10
6 . 01
6. 30
15, 7 4 6
7, 592
5, 2 5 4
5 .4 9
5 .3 2
5 .6 9
3, 0 5 3
1, 1 5 2
528
5 . 92
5 .9 7
6 . 04
9, 8 7 4
5, 1 2 9
2, 889
5 .8 6
5.. 7 6
6 . 14
4, 640
2, 164
1, 0 9 6
5 .7 1
5 . 55
5 .9 6
11, 126
6, 134
3, 551
6 .2 5
6 . 15
6 . 41
45,
11,
31,
1,
5 .9 0
5 . 51
6 . 07
4 . 65
3, 072
887
2, 003
60
6 .2 9
6 .2 7
6 .2 5
5 .6 5
8, 938
2, 301
6, 0 1 0
461
6 .3 1
6 . 13
6. 44
5. 04
7, 145
1, 7 0 3
5, 1 4 0
157
6.
5.
6.
5.
18
79
33
10
2, 488
620
1, 7 5 8
72
5 .9 7
5. 37
6 .2 1
4 .8 9
9, 163
2, 323
6, 451
356
5. 50
4 .8 5
5 .7 9
4 .3 0
1, 8 2 2
524
1, 2 8 2
2
5 . 62
5 . 08
5 .8 4
5 . 51
4, 803
1, 2 9 3
3, 193
310
5 .2 0
4 .8 2
5 .4 7
3 . 98
2, 282
747
1, 5 0 2
11
5 .4 3
5. 00
5 .6 2
5. 55
5, 2 9 3
1, 3 2 8
3, 821
10
6 . 17
5. 90
6 .2 1
4 . 92
5 .4 1
7 . 98
6 . 30
1, 7 7 3
224
118
651
821
677
471
-
31, 128
3, 344
2, 386
-
5 . 31
8 . 05
6 .2 1
-
3, 122
297
159
-
5 . 16
7 .7 0
5 .7 7
-
-
6, 4 8 5
734
618
-
5 .6 2
8 .6 2
6 . 38
6, 932
829
534
-
1 C o v e r s t e l e p h o n e c a r r i e r s w h i c h h a v e o p e r a t i n g r e v e n u e s e x c e e d in g $ 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . T h e s e c a r r i e r s
a r e e n g a g e d i n i n t e r s t a t e o r f o r e i g n c o m m u n i c a t i o n s e r v i c e u s in g t h e i r o w n f a c i l i t i e s o r t h r o u g h c o n
n e c tio n w ith th o s e o f a n o th e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d ir e c t o r in d ir e c t c o m m o n c o n tr o l.
2 S e e a p p e n d ix f o r d e f in it io n o f h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d in th is b u lle t in ,
3 M a y in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s in o c c u p a tio n s in a d d itio n to th o s e s h o w n s e p a r a t e ly .
4 In c l u d e s d a t a f o r e m p l o y e e s i n A l a s k a , H a w a i i , P u e r t o R i c o a n d th e V i r g i n I s l a n d s , a n d e m
p l o y e e s o f t h e A m e r i c a n T e l e p h o n e a n d T e l e g r a p h C o m p a n y , w h ic h a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e r e g i o n a l
t a b u la t io n s . ( F o r s c o p e o f s u r v e y , s e e a p p e n d ix .)
NOTE:
031
269
220
049
559
083
s tu d y ,
th e
r e g i o n s f o r w h ic h
s e p a r a te d a ta a r e
p r e s e n te d in c lu d e :
-
-
-
-
5 .2 5
8 . 15
6 . 14
-
2, 638
266
29
-
4 .8 5
7 . 15
5 .9 6
_
-
1, 1 5 8
80
69
_
-
4 .8 0
7 . 00
5 .9 9
-
-
1, 3 2 2
85
195
_
-
4 . 72
7 . 53
6 . 17
-
1, 6 4 8
184
94
-
4 . 77
7 .2 9
5. 46
-
3, 996
454
401
-
5. 53
8 .2 7
6 . 17
N e w E n g la n d — C o n n e c tic u t, M a in e , M a s s a c h u s e tts , N e w H a m p s h ir e , R h o d e Is la n d , a n d V e r m o n t ; M id d le
A t la n t ic — D e la w a r e , N e w J e r s e y , N e w Y o r k , a n d P e n n s y lv a n ia ; G r e a t L a k e s — Ill i n o i s , In d ia n a , M i c h
i g a n O h io , a n d W is c o n s in ; C h e s a p e a k e — D i s t r i c t o f C o lu m b ia , M a r y la n d , V i r g i n i a , a n d W e s t V ir g i n ia ;
S o u t h e a s t — A l a b a m a , F l o r i d a ^ G e o r g i a , K e n t u c k y , L o u i s i a n a , M i s s i s s i p p i , N o r t h C a r o l i n a , S o u th C a r o l i n a , a n d T e n n e s s e e ; N o r t h C e n t r a l — I o w a , M i n n e s o t a , N e b r a s k a , N o r t h D a k o t a , a n d S o u th D a k o t a ;
S o u th C e n t r a l — A r k a n s a s , K a n s a s , M i s s o u r i , O k l a h o m a , a n d T e x a s ( e x c e p t E l P a s o C o u n t y ) ; M o u n t a i n —
A r i z o n a , C o l o r a d o , Id a h o ( s o u t h o f t h e S a lm o n R i v e r ) , M o n t a n a , N e v a d a , N e w M e x i c o , T e x a s ( E l P a s o
C o u n t y ) , U t a h , a n d W y o m i n g ; a n d P a c i f i c — C a l i f o r n i a , Id a h o ( n o r t h o f t h e S a l m o n R i v e r ) , O r e g o n , a n d
W a s h in g to n .
Table 5. Western Union Telegraph Company: Percent distribution of emplopyees1 in occupational groups by average hourly rates,2 October 1974
N u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p
A l l e m p lo y e e s e x c e p t o ffic ia ls , m a n a g e r ia l
a s s i s t a n t s a n d m e s s e n g e r s ----------------------------------------P r o f e s s io n a l a n d s e m ip r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s —
E n g i n e e r s a n d e n g i n e e r i n g a s s i s t a n t s -------------O t h e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T e le g r a p h o f f ic e s u p e r in te n d e n t s a n d
--------------------------------------------------------------------------m a n a g e rs
S a l e s e m p l o y e e s ---------------------------------------------------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s --------------------------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------------------A l l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s ----------------------------------------R o u t e a i d e s ------------------------------------------------------------------------T e l e g r a p h o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------------------------------T r a f f i c m a n a g e r s , c h ie f o p e r a to r s ,
s u p e r v i s o r s , a n d i n s t r u c t o r s ----------------------------E x p e r ie n c e d t e le g r a p h o p e r a to r s (e x c e p t
M o r s e o p e r a t o r s ) -------------------------------------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------------------O p e r a t o r s i n t r a i n i n g ------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t io s , in s t a lla t io n , a n d m a in te n a n c e
e m p l o y e e s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------T r a f f i c t e s t i n g a n d r e g u l a t i n g e m p l o y e e s --------C o n s t r u c t io n , in s t a lla t io n , a n d m a in te n a n c e
e m p l o y e e s ------------------------------------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ------------------------------------------------------------------S u b s c r i b e r s ' e q u i p m e n t m a i n t a i n e r s ----------L i n e a n d c a b l e w o r k e r s --------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------L a b o r e r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------B u i l d i n g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ------------------------------- ;------------------------------------------------M e s s e n g e r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------F u l l - t i m e e m p l o y e e s --------------------------------------------------P a r t - t i m e e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------W a l k i n g a n d b i c y c l e m e s s e n g e r s -------------------------M o t o r m e s s e n g e r s --------------------------------------------------------
T o ta l
M en
12, 6 3 7
861
195
666
7, 738
661
190
471
4, 899
200
5
195
39. 0
3 7 .8
38. 5
37. 6
594
700
854
638
209
007
69
133
7
902
387
631
854
373
478
161
18
299
3
662
207
69
2, 000
265
1, 7 3 1
846
51
834
4
2, 2 4 0
3 9 .8
3 6 .7
37. 0
3 7 .4
3 6 .9
3 6 .9
40. 0
3 6 .6
40. 0
3 9 .9
2,
2,
1,
1,
2,
W om en
A v e ra g e
s c h e d u le d
w e e k ly
h o u rs
A verag e
h o u r ly
ra te s
$5.
8.
8.
8.
69
11
50
00
5 . 51
5 .8 0
5 . 18
6 . 36
4 . 84
4 . 74
4 . 11
4 . 98
3 . 38
4 . 36
( 3)
_
_
0. 1
-
-
■
-
_
_
_
_
. 3
. 1
_
4. 4
( 3)
( 3)
_
("3)
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
•
1
28. 6
.2
6 . 53
-
-
-
0
0
0
0
4 . 11
4 .2 0
4 . 05
2 . 98
.
. i
( 3)
142
21
40. 0
40. 0
6. 46
6 . 38
120
10
4
40. 0
39. 1
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
4 0 .0
40. 0
40. 0
3 9 .8
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
6 . 50
7 .7 7
6 .2 7
6 . 16
5 .9 0
4 . 10
4 . 36
5 . 53
3 .7 6
3 .3 9
2 . 33
3 .7 5
294
358
212
146
8
1, 8 1 4
687
1, 1 2 7
132
4, 546
1, 1 5 0
4, 404
1, 1 2 9
3, 3 7 6
823
1, 6 1 0
133
810
20
180
61
119
707
647
60
181
526
3, 2 5 6
813
1, 6 0 6
133
704
19
139
59
80
689
630
59
174
515
_
106
1
41
2
39
18
17
1
7
11
("3)
0. 1
_
-
_
_
-
.
_
_
-
-
_
.
2
-
1
4. 3
.
0. 7
_
_
1 .9
_
_
-
_
39. 7
296
0. 8
_
_
_
_
_
_
40.
40.
40.
40.
590
2 , 172
899
1, 2 7 3
140
1 I n c l u d e s e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g in th e c o n t e r m i o u s 4 8 S t a t e s a n d t h e D i s t r i c t o f C o l u m b i a ; t h e
c o m p a n y d o es n o t o p e r a te in A la s k a a n d H a w a ii.
2 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , a n d l a t e s h i f t s .
3 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t.
P e r e e n t o f e m p l o y e e s :r e c e i v i n g —
$ 2 . 0 0 f$2. 2 5 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 , 7 5 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 2 5 $ 3 7 5 5 $ 3 7 7 5 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 5 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 5 0 $ 6 . 0 0 $ 6 . 5 0 $ 7 . 0 0 $ 7 . 5 0 $ 8 . o o $ 8 . 5 0
and
and
over
$ 2 . 2 5 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 . 7 5 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 2 5 $ 3 . 5 0 $ 3 . 7 5 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 5 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 5 0 $ 6 . 0 0 $ 6 . 5 0 $ 7 . 0 0 $ 7 . 50 $ 8 . 0 0 $ 8 . 5 0 o v e r
.8
.
.2
. 3
.2
-
1
.4
8 .0
2 .2
_
2 .8
3 .6
13. 0
1. 5
_
_
2. 5
3. 8
-
-
. 6
.8
. 1
. 4
50. 0 4 4 . 3
-
5. 1
7. 1
3. 6
-
_
_
.
-
-
-
-
. i
_
_
_
( 3)
"
_
2 .4
( 3)
4 .8
. 1
. 5
1
1. 3
7 .4
5 .8
_
7 .4
8. 0
10. 1
6 .6
28. 6
10. 0
_
-
.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.6
_
.8
. 7
_
_
_
_
19. 1
_
_
3 .4
X
X
X
X
X
X
1 3 .8
74. 0
.2
ite m s
1 1 .0
.8
-
-
-
-
1. 7
.8
1. 5
. 4
.4
7. 8
4. 1
7. 5
2. 0
2. 0
. 7
5. 9
.
_
_
.
_
_
2. 0
_
_
-
. 5
_
5. 0
4 7 .8
_
72. 3
5. 5
2 .4
3. 5
.4
. 1
3
. 0
1. 0
1 .5
5 .3
7
. 3
6
.
0
1 .9
20. 0 40. 0 20. 0
3
.
3
6
.7
8 .9
3. 3 1 6 .4
1. 6
12. 6
1 .7
3 .4
46. 1
8. 1
8 .8
. 4
6. 0
1 2 .0
22. 5
.
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3. 5
4. 0
65. 7
51. 3
6 5 .7
17. 1
2 0 .4
4. 8
2. 3
3. 3
2 .2
-
-
4. 5
1 .2
7 .9
4 .5
1 .2
46. 7
6 .8
66. 3
5 5 .6
46. 5
8 .9
2 6 .2
-
16. 1
23. 1
15. 3
8. 3
1 1 .9
5. 7
1 9 .3
. 4
9 .8
1. 6
4. 5
17. 6
1. 1
_
1. 7
1 .8
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
_
X
_
X
X
-
X
-
X
-
X
-
X
-
X
-
X
-
X
-
l.P
2. 5
7 .4
62. 0
_
10. 0
2 6 .2
1 .7
-
-
. 3
15. 0
2 .8
_
4 .2
1 1 .7
1 .1
1 5 .4
-
7. 7
_
( 3)
_
-
6. 1
1 .9
8. 1 45. 4
11. 3 48. 7
7. 2 4 4 .4
12. 4
8 .2
6 .3
_
3.
5.
5.
5.
.2
. 1
3. 3
. 3
6
3
1
0
.
-
1. 7
_
_
_
3. 5
3. 4
. 5
.2
_
1 .2
21. 6
-
_
. 5
5. 1
5. 3
6 .8
14. 9
4. 5
6. 1
1. 6
2. 7
. 9
_
1
2 1 .7
5. 3
1 2 .9
12. 7
1 2 .9
4. 1
3 1 .9
_
. 4
24. 6
10. 6
21. 5
2 0 .4
2 1 .9
3 1 .2
1 .4
14. 8
9. 0
7 .8
9 .8
1 .5
2 .2
2 1 .0
14. 0
20. 5
12. 1
23. 0
21. 0
7 .2
2 5 .8
-
28. 1
_
3 .4
15. 1
2. 1
8. 3
. 3
1. 0 1 1 .6
. 1 16. 1
3 .4 16. 7
. 3
1. 7
4 .2 2 1 . 0
2 . 3 2 3 .2
8 .7 5 9 .4
5. 7 16. 7
14. 3 2 8 . 6
19. 5 3 5. 0
7. 5
_
2 .2
4. 3
. 9
3 .6
. 1
. 1
7.
3.
4.
3.
4 4 .8
6 4 .7
30. 7
_
1. 7
2. 0
2 .4
10. 5
. 1
. 1
2 1 .0
2. 3
3. 6
2. 0
2. 2
_
3 .4
3 .4
2. 1
8 .8
. 2
6 .8
9 .8
5. 6
11. 0
2 5. 5
8 .6
37. 5
_
2 .2
3. 6
2 .4
6. 7
1. 2
. 1
1 1 .9
6. 3
4. 1
6. 9
. 3
_
2. 5
7 .2
1 2 .8
5. 6
1 1 .2
9 .9
. 5
12. 6
13. 2
8. 0
1 6 .8
1 .4
( 3)
0
1
1
1
14. 1
2 .2
2. 1
2. 3
5. 6
. 3
1. 5
_
8 .9
23. 0
1 .7
-
-
3. 0
1 2 .2
_
_
.8
.6
.
4 .7
19. 1
_
_
-
1
.4
_
_
_
_
_
1. 1
3. 3
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
.
-
_
-
X
X
X
X
-
X
-
X
-
_
X
X
-
1 0 .8
N O T E : X in d ic a t e s th a t th e s e d a ta w e r e n o t c o lle c t e d .
m a y not eq u al 100.
B ecause
o f r o u n d in g ,
s u m s o f in d iv id u a l
Table 6. International telegraph carriers:1 Percent distribution of employees in occupational groups by average hourly rates,2 October 1974
N u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s
A v e ra g e
s c h e d u le d
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p
T o ta l
A l l e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t o f f i c e r s a n d a s s i s t a n t s -------A l l e m p lo y e e s e x c e p t o ffic e r s a n d a s s is ta n ts ,
a n d m e s s e n g e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------P r o f e s s i o n a l a n d s e m i p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s -----E n g i n e e r s a n d e n g i n e e r i n g a s s i s t a n t s -----------------O t h e r s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O f f ic e o r s ta tio n s u p e r in te n d e n t s a n d a s s is ta n ts —
S a l e s e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------------------------s u p e r v i s o r s — ~— —• — —
----------- -----------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------O p e r a t i n g d e p a r t m e n t ----------------------------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------------A c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t ------------------------------------------E n g i n e e r i n g d e p a r t m e n t ----------------------------------------A l l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s ---------------------------------------------O p e r a t o r s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T r a f f i c c h ie fs , d is p a tc h e r s , s u p e r v is o r s ,
i n s t r u c t o r s , a n d a s s i s t a n t s ------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------------i\a .c iio o p e r a t o r s
..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M a r i n e c o a s t a l s t a t i o n o p e r a t o r s --------------------C a b l e o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------------------------------T e l e t y p e - m u l t i p l e x o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------------------------A l l o t h e r o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------------------M e s s e n g e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------F o o t a n d b i c y c l e ---------------------------------------------------------------M o t o r ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t io n , in s t a lla t io n , m a in t e n a n c e a n d
o t h e r t e c h n i c a l e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s --------------------------------------------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s a n d m a i n t e n a n c e t e c h n i c i a n s ------------R a d i o o p e r a t i n g t e c h n i c i a n s -------------------------------------K a d i o t l g r c ip ii r i g g e r s -------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------B u i l d i n g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------A l l e m p l o y e e s n o t e l s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d ---------------------
66
M en
W om en
h o u rs
P e r c e n t o f e m p lc >yees r e c e iv in g —
A verag e •
h o u r ly
ra te s
2
6
6. 92
4, 938
4, 029
909
37. 1
4, 764
797
356
441
16
333
1, 3 2 9
164
1, 1 6 5
315
119
359
79
293
1, 0 6 4
3, 861
764
349
415
16
313
659
144
515
204
903
33
7
26
-
155
33
103
892
99
204
46
190
172
37. 3
37. 3
3 7 .2
3 7 .4
3 6 .8
36. 5
37. 0
36.
37. 1
3 7 .4
37. 3
3 7 .2
3 7 .4
36. 3
37. 5
9 . 50
9 . 53
9. 48
1 0 . 14
7 .4 7
5. 70
. 77
5 .2 7
5 .4 5
4 . 95
5 .0 6
5 . 60
5. 36
. 30
159
905
154
738
5
167
553
53
55
174
167
7
414
40
49
139
13
37. 4
37. 5
3 5 .9
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
3 1 .7
3 1 .4
37. 5
8 .2 5
5 . 96
6 .2 5
6 .2 9
. 31
5 . 78
.
. 14
2 . 54
2 . 50
3 . 38
1, 1 3 7
181
478
124
1, 1 3 0
179
478
342
78
10
341
77
10
37. 5
3 7 .4
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
37. 5
7 . 02
9 .2 6
. 73
. 17
7 . 06
. 56
5 .0 5
. 71
9
115
120
12
20
9
114
112
168
161
7
120
12
20
20
650
111
670
1
8
6
6
6
-
7
2
4
1
1
8
$ . 78
8
6
6
6 10
6
6
6
6
6
52. 00 5 2 .2 5 $ Z .5 7 T £ 2 7 7 5 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 2 5
and
over
$ 2 . 2 5 $ . 5 0 $ 2 . 7 5 53. 0 0 $ 3 . 2 5 $ 3 . 5 0 $ 3 . 7 5 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 . 5 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 5 0 $ .
1. 7
2
0. 1
( 3)
-
( 3)
-
( 3)
-
.
.
.
. 3
-
.
. 3
-
.
. 3
-
-
-
-
47. 1
49. 1
-
2. 3
2 .4
-
1
. 1
1
.2
.
-
-
-
-
-
1 C o v e r s e m p lo y e e s o f in t e r n a t io n a l te le g r a p h c a r r i e r s w h o h a v e a n n u a l o p e r a tin g re v e n u e s
e x c e e d i n g $ 5 0 , 0 0 0 ; e x c l u d e s e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g f o r i n t e r n a t i o n a l t e l e g r a p h c a r r i e r s o u t s id e th e c o n
t e r m in o u s 4 8 S ta te s a n d th e D i s t r i c t o f C o lu m b ia .
NOTE:
2 S e e a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n o f h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d i n t h is b u l l e t i n .
00$ 5 . 5 0 $ 6. 00$57575" $ 7 ; 00$77375" $577575" $57375"
$ 3, 50 $ 3 .7 5 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 50 $ 5 .
0. 5
1
1
1.2
1. 5
-
.4
-
1. 3
.
. 3
-
1. 5
-
. 5
. 5
3. 4
4. 5
. 5
.
3. 9
.
1. 7
5 .8
3 .8
4. 1
.
5 .2
4. 1
.2
1
1
1 3 .2
13. 2
14. 3
0 .4
1. 3
.6
1 .4
. 7
.
6 22
.8
11.8
.6
5 .8
1. 3
-
1 1. 0
-
-
-
.2 2. 0 1.6
29. 3
29. 9
14. 3
1
.2
1. 7
1.2
14. 3
-
-
-
-
3 .8
1. 3
B ecause
2. 5
3 .4
8 .8
. 6
. 1
1.2 1. 0 .8
.
-
3 Less
1
th a n
.
6
.6
-
.2
-
.6
3 .8
-
1. 3
.
-
1
. 3
3 .8
6 00$ 6. 5 0 $ 7 . 0 0 $ 7 . 5 0 $8. 00$8. 50 o v e r
2 .4
4. 7
7 . 6 1 1 . 5 12. 6 7 . 6 10. 2 6. 1 3 . 7 1 9 . 9
7. 0
2 .4
7. 3
4 .8
7 . 9 1 1 .9 1 3 .0
7 . 9 10. 6 6 . 3
3 .8 2 0 . 7
. 1
4. 0
3. 1
5. 5
7. 5
. 3
1. 3
.9
1. 9
8. 3 6 7 . 0
3 .4
5. 1
. 3
. 3
. 6
. 6 1 .4
4 .8
5. 9
8 . 7 68.8
. 2 1.8
1. 1 2 . 3 3 . 4 2 . 9 5 . 2 9 . 5 7 . 9 6 5 . 5
12. 5
87. 5
.6 1.2 2. 1 9 . 9 9 . 9 1 1 . 7 1 1 . 4 9 . 6 1 0 . 5 5 . 7 2 7 . 3
6.2 11. 1 1 4 . 7 1 2 . 3 1 3 . 4 1 0 . 5 4 . 5 4 . 0 2 . 3 2 . 3 9 . 5
1.8 4 . 3 4 . 9 1. 2 7 . 9 7 . 9 11. 6 6 0 . 4
7 . 0 1 2 . 7 1 6 .8 1 3. 8 1 4 . 7 1 1 . 3
5. 0
3 .4
1. 5
2. 3
.9
6. 0 8. 6 9 . 5 1 5 . 6 2 5 . 1 2 0 . 3 4 . 4 1. 6 1. 0 . 3 . 6
9 .2 2 4 .4 2 2 . 7
7. 6 5. 0
2. 5
5. 0
1. 7
1 .7
1. 7
4. 2
8 .4 1 8 .9 17 . 0 17. 0
5 .8
8. 1 5 . 6 3 . 3 .6 .8
6. 3 10. 1 6. 3 1 1 . 4 6. 3 6. 3 - 5 . 1
3 .8 1 5 .2 2 1 . 5
5. 5
9 .6
2. 0 2 . 7 4 . 4
4. 1
9 . 6 1 7 . 1 1 8 . 4 12. 6 5 . 8
1. 5
1.8 4 . 1 9 . 6 22. 9 2 7 . 3 1 0 . 4 8. 1 2. 6 2.8 6. 0
6 .3 11. 3 17. 0 18. 9 4 0 . 3
• 6 1 .3
3. 1
• 6
1.8 2. 1 4 . 8 11. 0 2 6 . 9 3 1 . 6 11.2 7 . 5 . 1 22.2 7 7 . 8
6. 1 12.2 1 7 . 4 2 9 . 6 20. 9 . 9 11. 3
.9
.9
1. 7 1 5 .8 1 5 .8 1 5 . 0 3 8 . 3 1 3 . 3
2. 7
1. 6 4 . 7 1 1 . 4 3 4 . 4 3 8 . 2 - 2. 0 1
3
.
2
3
0
.
2
1
7
.
0
3
4
.
0
3 .8
1 .9
_
1 2 .7
1.8 3 . 6 20. 0 21.8 9 . 1 3 0 . 9 _
_
_
2. 9
. 6
1. 7
. 6
_
_
.6 1.8 . 6
.6 -
57. 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0. 05 p e rc e n t,
o f r o u n d in g ,
sum s
-
-
-
-
4. 7
7 . 6 10. 0 12.2 2 4 . 5 12. 6 3 . 3
.8 3 . 9
.6
1. 1 2. 2. 1 . 7 2.8 4 . 4 12.2
3 . 6 5 .2
.2
7 . 5 1 4 . 0 1 1 .7 3 5 .8 14 . 0
5 .9
5. 6 17. 7 9 1 .4 10. 5
2 6 .6
7 . 3 1 2 .9
8. 3
8. 3 8 3 . 3
2. 6 4 . 4 6. 7 5 . 3 9 . 4 1 0 . 5 1 6 . 7 20. 2 1 6 . 1 4 . 4
2 . 6 1 5 .4 2 0 . 5 2 1 .8 1 0. 3
2 .6
2 . 6 11. 5
10. 0
1 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 10. 0
10. 0
6 .4
o f in d iv id u a l ite m s
m a y no t eq u a l 100.
-
13. 5
75. 1
1. 7
2 .9
20. 0
•
Appendix.
Scope and Method of Survey
tion” by total “scheduled weekly hours.” Average sche
duled weekly hours were obtained by dividing the total
scheduled weekly hours by the number of employees.
The terms “scheduled weekly hours” and “scheduled
weekly compensation” for the three carrier groups covered
by the study are defined, according to the FCC’s R u le s and
R egulations, as follows:
Data presented in this study are based on annual reports
filed with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
by communication carriers, as required by the amended
Communications Act o f 1934. All carriers engaged in
interstate or foreign communications service by means of
their own facilities or through connection with the facilities
of another carrier under direct or indirect common control
are subject to the full jurisdiction of the Commission. A
large number of telephone carriers engaged in interstate or
foreign service only by connections with the facilities of
another unaffiliated carrier are not subject to the full
jurisdiction of the Commission and are not required to file
annual reports o f hours and earnings of employees.
Tabulations for telephone carriers relate to those having
annual operating revenues over $1 million, and subject to
the full jurisdiction o f the FCC. Included are 25 Bell
System companies and 37 companies not affiliated with the
Bell System.
Tabulations for wire-telegraph and international tele
graph carriers were confined to companies with annual
revenues exceeding $50,000 and engaged in interstate or
foreign commerce. Western Union Telegraph Co. is the only
wire-telegraph company included. Four companies engaged
in nonvocal radio or cable communications are included in
the international telegraph tabulations.
Telephone carriers
51.12(b). “Scheduled weekly hours” means the
number of regular hours, excluding overtime hours, in
the duty tours which the employee is scheduled to
work during the week in which December 31 occurs,
whether or not excused because of a holiday,
vacation, leave of absence, or other reason.
51.13(b). “Scheduled weekly compensation”
means compensation to the employee at the rate of
pay in effect on December 31 for the “scheduled
weekly hours.” It includes the basic weekly pay rate
plus any regularly scheduled supplementary
compensation, such as differentials for evening and
night tours, equivalent value of board and lodging for
unlocated employees, equivalent value of meals fur
nished dining service employees, and equivalent value
of living quarters and maintenance furnished for
managers of agency offices. It excludes pay for
overtime work and pay in excess of weekday rates for
Sunday and holiday work.
Employees and occupational groups covered
by the study
Western Union Telegraph Co.
Officials and managerial assistants were not included in
the tabulations. Also excluded were employees working
outside the 50 States and the District of Columbia, except
telephone carrier employees in Puerto Rico and the Virgin
Islands. All other employees, both full-time and part-time,
were included. Part-time employees are defined as those
regularly assigned shorter hours than a full-time schedule.
Occupational groups for which separate data are pre
sented are defined in the FCC’s R u le s and Regulations,
volume X, part 51, applying to telephone carriers, and part
52, applying to telegraph companies. Copies of this volume
are on sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402.
52.21(b). “Scheduled weekly hours” are defined
as an employee’s regular daily tour of duty multiplied
by the number of days, or fraction of days, scheduled
to be worked during a week.
52.22(b). “Scheduled weekly compensation” is
defined as wages scheduled to be paid for scheduled
weekly hours as defined in 52.21(b). This should
include employee contributions for old-age benefits,
unemployment insurance, and similar deductions,
paid vacation and holiday hours, the regularly sched
uled weekly compensation for employees temporarily
on leave due to disability or sickness, and the
scheduled weekly compensation of both full- and
part-time employees.
Hours and rates
The company reports that “scheduled weekly compensa
tion” excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on
weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
Average hourly rates presented in this bulletin were
computed by dividing total “scheduled weekly compensa
13
International telegraph carriers
Distribution of workers by earnings classes
International telegraph carriers are instructed to report
scheduled weekly hours and compensation for their em
ployees as defined for the Western Union. Telegraph Co.,
except that scheduled weekly compensation should include
regularly scheduled maintenance, travel, or other allow
ances.
In the tables, workers are distributed according to the
percentage having stipulated hourly rates of pay. Because of
rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100.
14
Industry Wage Studies
The most recent reports providing occupational wage data for industries included in the Bureau’s program of industry
wage surveys since 1960 are listed below. Copies are for sale from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, or from any of its regional sales offices, and from the regional offices of the
Bureau o f Labor Statistics shown on the inside back cover. Copies that are out of stock are available for reference purposes
at leading public, college, or university libraries, or at the Bureau’s Washington or regional offices.
M a n u fa ctu rin g
Basic Iron and Steel, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1839
Candy and Other Confectionary Products, 1970.
BLS Bulletin 1732
Cigar Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1796
Cigarette Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1748
Fabricated Structural Steel, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1695
Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1763
Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1972.
BLS Bulletin 1803
Fluid Milk Industry, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1871
Footwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1792
Hosiery, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1863
Industrial Chemicals, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1768
Iron and Steel Foundries, Nov. 1973. BLS Bulletin 1894
Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1973.
BLS Bulletin 1835
Machinery Manufacturing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1859
Meat Products, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1896
Men’s and Boys’ Separate Trousers, 1971.
BLS Bulletin 1752
Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and
Nightwear, June 1974. Bulletin 1901
Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1973.
BLS Bulletin 1843
Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1969.
BLS Bulletin 1690
Motor Vehicles and Parts, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1679
Nonferrous Foundries, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1726
Paints and Varnishes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1739
Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1970.
BLS Bulletin 1719
Petroleum Refining, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1741
Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1970.
BLS Bulletin 1713
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills, 1972.
BLS Bulletin 1844
Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1969.
BLS Bulletin 1694
Structural Clay Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1697
M a n u f a c tu r in g - C o n tinued
Synthetic Fibers, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1740
Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1757
Textiles, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1801
West Coast Sawmilling, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1704
Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1970.
BLS Bulletin 1728
Women’s and Misses’ Dresses, 1971.
BLS Bulletin 17831
Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1971.
BLS Bulletin 1793
Work Clotliing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1858
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
Appliance Repair Shops, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1838
Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1876
Banking, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1854
Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1583
Communications, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1854
Contract Cleaning Services, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1778
Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1972.
BLS Bulletin 1797
Department Stores, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1869
Educational Institutions: Non teaching Employees,
1968-69. BLS Bulletin 1671
Electric and Gas Utilities, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1834
Hospitals, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1829
Laundry and Cleaning Services, 1968.
BLS Bulletin 16451
Life Insurance, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1791
Metal Mining, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1820
Motion Picture Theaters, 1966. BLS Bulletin 15421
Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1973.
BLS Bulletin 1855
Scheduled Airlines, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1734
Wages and Tips in Restaurants and Hotels, 1970.
BLS Bulletin 1712
1 Bulletin out o f stock.
A Looseleaf Directory and Factbook
on Union and Employee Association
Membership and Structure from the
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Directory of
National
Unions and
Em ployee
Associations
N ew , lo o se -leaf form at ensures upto-d ate inform ation on listed unions
and associations. Subscribers
rec eive the basic volum e and three
com p lete revisions of the listing
section during the tw o-yea r interval
betw een D irectories.
1
9
7
3
D irectory lists nam es, addresses of:
N atio n al and internation al unions
State lab o r organizations
Professional and public em ployee
associations,
their officers and key officials, pu b
lications, inform ation about their
conventions, m em bership, and
num ber of locals.
Factb ook section of the publication
includes a rep ort on developm ents
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