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Geographic Profile
of Employment
and Unemployment, 1984
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
May 1985

S .M .S .U . L IB R A R Y
U.S. D E P O S IT O R Y

JUN 1 7 1985

Bulletin 2234

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Geographic Profile
of Employment
and Unemployment, 1984
U.S. Department of Labor
William E. Brock, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
May 1985
Bulletin 2234

For sale by the superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

Preface

The official Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) esti­
mates for States, metropolitan areas, and central cities,
which are the basis for determining the eligibility of an
area for benefits under Federal economic assistance pro­
grams, result from the Federal-State Cooperative Pro­
gram. BLS is responsible for establishing the estimating
procedures; the State employment security agencies are
responsible for developing the estimates. For all States,
the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles Standard
Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA), and New York
City, the official annual average estimates are obtained
directly from the CPS. For the remaining metropolitan
areas and cities, the official annual average estimates
are derived using a standardized procedure. Data from
the CPS for metropolitan areas and cities in this bull­
etin are not the official BLS estimates and are provided
because they are the only current source of information
on demographic and economic characteristics.
Data for two metropolitan areas, New York and Minneapolis-St. Paul, relate to the Labor Market Area
(LMA) rather than the Standard Metropolitan Statisti­
cal Area (SMSA) definition. For further information
on geographic areas, see appendix C.
This bulletin was prepared in the Division of Data
Development and Users’ Services in collaboration with
the Division of Local Area Unemployment Statistics.
Material in this publication is in the public domain
and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced with­
out permission.

Data on labor force, employment, and unemployment
in State and sub-State areas are available from two ma­
jor sources—the Current Population Survey (CPS) and
the Federal-State Cooperative Program. This bulletin
presents data from the CPS for regions, States, and se­
lected large metropolitan areas and central cities. It
provides 1984 annual averages for the employed and
the unemployed by selected demographic and economic
characteristics based on population counts projected
from the 1980 decennial census.
Comparable data for 1980-83 were published in Geo­
graphic Profile o f Employment and Unemployment as
follows: 1983, Bulletin 2216; 1982, Bulletin 2170; and
1981 and 1980, Bulletin 2156. Bulletin 2156 also provid­
ed instructions for adjusting 1970 census-based data for
earlier years to reflect 1980 census population counts.
The name of the North Central region has been
changed to the Midwest region. There has been no
change in the component States or census divisions.
Revised 1983 definitions for metropolitan areas based
on guidelines and standards established by the Office of
Management and Budget will be introduced in this
report with the publication of 1985 annual averages.
National 1984 annual averages for persons of His­
panic origin have been revised to reflect new population
controls introduced in January 1985. Subnational data
shown in this bulletin for the Hispanic population have
not been revised due to the absence of separate controls
for States, regions, or areas.

iii

'

■
:

Contents

Page
Geographic profile of employment and umemployment, 1984 ..................................................

1

Section I. Estimates for Census regions and divisions...............................................................
Tables: Census regions and divisions, 1984 annual averages:
1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race,
Hispanic origin, and marital status...........................................................................
2. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race,
and Hispanic origin....................................................................................................
3. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation...............
4. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.............................
5. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force for private
nonagricultural wage and salary workers, excluding private household
workers, by industry..................................................................................................
6. Civilian employment of private nonagricultural wage and salary workers, ex­
cluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin . . .
7. Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of w ork...................
8. Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working
less than 35 hours, and usual sta tu s.........................................................................
9. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by sex, age, race, ,
Hispanic origin, and reason not at w o rk .................................................................
10. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason
for unemployment....................................................................................................
11. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and
duration of unemployment ......................................................................................

2

Section II. Estimates for S tates..................................................................................................
Charts:
1. Unemployment rates by State, 1984 annual averages................................................
2. Changes in State unemployment rates, 1983-84 ..........................................................
Tables: States, 1984 annual averages:
12. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by
sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital s ta tu s ..................................................
13. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex,
age, race, and Hispanic origin..................................................................................
14. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation...............
15. Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation.............................
16. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by industry.....................
17. Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry.................................
18. Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of work .................
19. Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working
less than 35 hours, and usual status...........................................................................
20. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reaso n ..........................................
21. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and
reason for unemployment ........................................................................................
22. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and
duration of unemployment......................................................................................
v

3
8
10
13

17
19
23
25
27
29
31
33
34
34

35
49
54
58
62
65
69
74
78
79
83

Contents—Continued

Section III. Estimates for metropolitan areas and cities..........................................................
Tables: Metropolitan areas and cities, 1984 annual averages:
23. Employment status of the civlian noninstitutional population by sex,
age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital sta tu s......................................................
24. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation............
25. Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation.....................
26. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force for
nonagricultural workers by industry.....................................................................
27. Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex, race,
and Hispanic orig in ..............................................................................................
Appendixes:
A. Definitions of data derived from the Current Population Survey...........................
B. Sampling and estimation procedures and sampling error ta b le s.............................
C. Geographic boundary definitions.............................................................................

vi

Page
87

88
99
102
106
108
112
114
146

Geographic Profile
of Employment and
Unemployment, 1984

only if they meet the BLS standard of reliability for
publication. (See appendix B for an explanation of the
BLS standard for publication of CPS data.) Estimates
for the regions and divisions are shown in section I;
States are shown in section II; and metropolitan areas
and cities are in section III.
Since these estimates are based on a survey rather
than on a complete census of the population, they are
subject to sampling error. Consequently, error ranges
have been provided, at a 90-percent confidence interval,
for the unemployment rates in the first table of sections
I, II, and III. In addition, appendix B provides tables
from which the sampling error ranges can be obtained
for the data in other tables in these sections.

The Current Population Survey (CPS) is the regular
monthly survey of about 60,000 households (59,500
beginning in 1985) from which the national unemploy­
ment rate is derived. (See appendix A for definitions
and concepts in the CPS, and appendix B for a descrip­
tion of estimation procedures. Changes in the estima­
tion procedures used in the CPS, which were introduced
in the national estimates in January 1985, will be incor­
porated in this report with the publication of 1985 an­
nual data.)
Annual average estimates of the labor force by
demographic characteristics (age, sex, race, and His­
panic origin) and the economic characteristics of the
employed and unemployed are published in this bulletin

1

Section I. Estimates for Census Regions and Divisions

Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex,
age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

UNITED STATES2
T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

176,383
83,605
92,778
14,735

113,544
63,835
49,709
7,943

64.4
76.4
53.6
53.9

105,005
59,091
45,915
6,444

59.5
70.7
49.5
43.7

8,539
4,744
3,794
1,499

7.5
7.4
7.6
18.9

7.4
7.3
7.5
18.4

-

7.6
7.6
7.8
19.4

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

152,347
72,723
79,624
12,147

98,492
56,062
42,431
6,952

64.6
77.1
53.3
57.2

92,120
52,462
39,659
5,836

60.5
72.1
49.8
48.0

6,372
3,600
2,772
1,116

6.5
6.4
6.5
16.0

6.4
6.3
6.4
15.5

-

6.6
6.5
6.7
16.6

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

19,348
8,654
10,694
2,161

12,033
6,126
v 5,907
827

62.2
70.8
55.2
38.3

10,119
5,124
4,995
474

52.3
59.2
46.7
21.9

1,914
1,003
911
353

15.9
16.4
15.4
42.7

15.5
15.8
14.9
41.0

-

16.3
16.9
16.0
44.4

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en..........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

11,164
5,471
5,692
1,233

7,247
4,414
2,833
585

64.9
80.7
49.8
47.4

6,469
3,950
2,519
444

57.9
72.2
44.3
36.0

778
464
314
142

10.7
10.5
11.1
24.2

10.3
10.0
10.4
22.4

-

11.2
11.1
11.8
26.2

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

42,861
103,289
30,232

29,864
68,151
15,530

6 9 .7 - .
66.0
51.4

26,143
64,692
14,170

61.0
62.6
46.9

3,721
3,458
1,360

12.5
5.1
8.8

12.2
5.0
8.5

-

12.7
5.2
9.0

Total ...................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

38,397
18,000
20,397
3,267

23,958
13,473
10,486
1,661

62.4
74.8
51.4
50.8

22,321
12,546
9,775
1,380

58.1
69.7
47.9
42.2

1,638
927
711
281

6.8
6.9
6.8
16.9

6.6
6.5
6.4
15.6

-

7.1
7.2
7.2
18.2

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs ........

34,126
16,085
18,041
2,803

21,391
12,150
9,242
1,526

62.7
75.5
51.2
54.4

20,084
11,402
8,682
1,304

58.9
70.9
48.1
46.5

1,307
748
559
222

6.1
6.2
6.1
14.6

5.9
5.8
5.7
13.2

-

6.4
6.5
6.4
15.9

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

3,627
1,603
2,024
412

2,139
1,083
1,056
121

59.0
67.6
52.2
29.4

1,834
917
917
65

50.6
57.2
45.3
15.8

305
166
139
56

14.3
15.3
13.2
46.2

13.1
13.6
11.5
40.7

-

15.4
17.0
14.8
51.8

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ................................... ..............
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

1,814
766
1,049
220

1,010
577
433
78

55.7
75.4
41.3
35.7

882
512
371
56

48.6
66.8
35.3
25.6

128
65
63
22

12.7
11.3
14.4
28.4

11.1
9.3
11.9
21.7

-

14.2
13.3
16.9
35.2

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

10,636
21,254
6,507

7,221
13,772
2,965

67.9
64.8
45.6

6,440
13,162
2,719

60.5
61.9
41.8

782
610
246

10.8
4.4
8.3

10.3
4.2
7.5

-

11.4
4.7
9.1

Total ...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

9,713
4,612
5,101
815

6,555
3,617
2,938
502

67.5
78.4
57.6
61.6

6,237
3,445
2,792
444

64.2
74.7
54.7
54.4

319
173
146
58

4.9
4.8
5.0
11.6

4.5
4.3
4.4
9.7

-

5.2
5.3
5.5
13.5

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs ........

9,253
4,407
4,847
766

6,232
3,460
2,772
484

67.3
78.5
57.2
63.3

5,939
3,299
2,640
432

64.2
74.9
54.5
56.4

293
161
132
53

4.7
4.6
4.8
10.9

4.3
4.1
4.2
9.0

-

5.1
5.1
5.3
12.8

Black ..................................................
M e n .................................................
Women ...........................................

366
159
206

261
124
137

71.4
77.7
66.4

238
. 112
126

65.1
70.5
61.0

23
12
11

8.7
9.3
8.2

6.1
5.4
4.7

-

11.4
13.2
11.8

Hispanic origin..................................

159

95

60.0

81

51.0

14

15.0

10.2

-

19.8

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present........... .
Other marital status3 ..... ................ .

2,658
5,487
1,568

1,969
3,790
797

74.1
69,1
508

1,826
3,659
752

68.7
66.7
48.0

142
131
45

7.2
3.5
5,6

6.4
3.0
4.5

-

8.0
3.9
6.8

Northeast Region

,

New England
Division

See footnotes at end of table.

3

Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex,
age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Civilian noninstitutional
population

T o ta l...........................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

Area and population group

Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Number

Percent of
population

28,684
13,388
15,296
2,451

17,403
9,855
7,548
1,159

W h ite ..........................................
M e n ...........................................
Women ....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

24,872
11,678
13,194
2,037

B la c k ..........................................
M e n ..........................................
Women ....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

Error range of
rate'

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

60.7
73.6
49.3
47.3

16,084
9,101
6,983
936

56.1
68.0
45.7
38.2

1,319
754
565
223

7.6
7.7
7.5
19.2

7.3
7.2
7.0
17.5

15,159
8,690
6,469
1,042

60.9
74.4
49.0
51.1

14,145
8,103
6,042
872

56.9
69.4
45.8
42.8

1,014
587
427
170

6.7
6.8
6.6
16.3

6.4
6.3
6.1
14.5

_
-

3,262
1,444
1,818
369

1,878
959
919
106

57.6
66.4
50.6
28.6

1,596
805
791
55

48.9
55.8
43.5
14.8

282
154
128
51

15.0
16.1
13.9
48.2

13.7
14.2
12.1
42.5

_
-

Hispanic origin...........................
M e n ..........................................
W om en ....................................

1,656
703
953

915
528
387

55.3
75.1
40.6

801
469
333

48.4
66.6
34.9

114
60
54

12.4
11.3
13.9

10.7
9.1
11.2

Single (never married).............
Married, spouse present.........
Other marital status3 ...............

7,977
15,767
4,940

5,253
9,982
2,168

65.8
63.3
43.9

4,614
9,504
1,967

57.8
60.3
39.8

639
479
201

12.2
4.8
9.3

11.5
4.4
8.3

T o ta l...........................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en ....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ... .....

44,105
21,049
23,056
3,795

28,777
16,213
12,564
2,213

65.2
77.0
54.5
58.3

26,354
14,826
11,527
1,789

59.8
70.4
50.0
47.1

2,423
1,387
1,036
423

8.4
8.6
8.2
19.1

8.2
8.2
7.9
17.9

-

W h ite ..........................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en ....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .. .....

39,913
19,150
20,763
3,331

26,229
14,899
11,330
2,023

65.7
77.8
54.6
60.7

24,329
13,799
10,530
1,683

61.0
72.1
50.7
50.5

1,901
1,100
800
340

7.2
7.4
7.1
16.8

7.0
7.0
6.7
15.6

-

3,640
1,629
2,011
412

2,210
1,129
1,081
168

60.7
69.3
53.8
40.9

1,727
866
861
89

47.5
53.1
42.8
21.6

483
264
219
79

21.8
23.3
20.3
47.2

20.5
21.4
18.4
42.5

-

Middle Atlantic
Division
_
-

-

-

_
-

7.9
8.1
8.0
20.9
7.0
7.2
7.1
18.0
16.3
17.9
15.7
53.9
14.1
13.4
16.7
12.9
5.1
10.3

Midwest Region

B la c k ..........................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en ....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
Hispanic origin...........................
M e n ..........................................
Women ....................................
Single (never married).............
Married, spouse present.........
Other marital status3 ................

...
...
...

694
351
343

481
286
195

69.4
81.7
56.8

421
254
168

10,574
26,513
7,018

7,525
17,747
3,505

71.2
66.9
49.9

31,081
14,812
16,269
2,727

20,083
11,341
8,742
1,563

27,589
13,238
14,351
2,336
3,136
1,403
1,733
362

-

_
-

.
-

8.7
8.9
8.6
20.4
7.5
7.7
7.4
18.1
23.2
25.2
22.2
51.8
14.7
14.3
17.6

60.8
72.3
48.9

60
33
27

12.4
11.4
13.8

10.1
8.6
10.1

6,473
16,767
3,114

61.2
63.2
44.4

1,052
980
391

14.0
5.5
11.2

13.4
5.3
10.3

-

64.6
78.6
53.7
57.3

18,201
10,270
7,931
1,229

58.6
69.3
48.7
45.1

1,882
1,071
811
334

9.4
9.4
9.3
21.4

9.0
9.0
8.8
19.8

-

9.9

-

22.9

17,975
10,255
7,720
1,409

65.2
77.5
53.8
80.3

18,537
9,423
7,115
1,147

59.9
71.2
49.6
49.1

1,438
832
606
261

8.0
8.1
7.8
18.6

7.7
7.7
7.3
17.0

-

8.3
8.6
8.3
20.1

1,881
962
919
142

60.0
68.8
53.0
39.3

1,460
735
725
71

46.6
52.4
41.8
19.7

421
226
195
71

22.4
23.5
21.2
49.9

20.9
21.5
19.1
45.2

-

-

14.6
5.8
12.0

East North Central
Division
T o ta l............................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
W h ite ..........................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en ....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
B la c k ..........................................
M e n ..........................................
W om en....................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
Hispanic origin...........................
M e n ..........................................
W o m en ....................................
Single (never married)..............
Married, spouse present.........
Other marital status3 ................

...

...

...
...
...
...

9.7

-

-

570
289
281

390
234
157

68.5
80.9
55.7

338
205
133

59.3
70.9
47.3

52
29
24

13.4
12.4
15.1

10.7
8.9
10.6

-

7,682
18,331
5,068

5,418
12,153
2,511

70.5
66.3
49.6

4,588
11,404
2,212

59.7
62.2
43.8

832
750
300

15.4
6.2
11.9

14.8
5.8
10.9

_
-

See footnotes at end of table.

4

-

9.8

23.9
25.6
23.2
54.7
16.2
15.8
19.5
18.1
6.5
13.0

Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex,
age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

13,024
6,237
6,787
1,069

8,694
4,872
3,822
650

66.8
78.1
56.3
60.8

8,152
4,556
3,597
561

62.6
73.0
53.0
52.5

542
316
225
89

6.2
6.5
5.9
13.7

5.9
6.0
5.4
11.9

-

6.6
7.0
6.4
15.6

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years........

12,324
5,912
6,412
994

8,254
4,644
3,610
614

67.0
78.6
56.3
61.8

7,792
4,376
3,415
535

63.2
74.0
53.3
53.8

463
268
194
79

5.6
5.6
5.4
12.9

5.2
5.3
4.8
11.0

-

6.0
6.3
5.9
14.7

B la c k ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................

504
226
278

329
168
162

65.3
74.0
58.1

267
130
137

53.0
57.6
49.2

62
37
25

18.8
22.2
15.4

15.8
17.7
11.4

-

21.9
26.6
19.4

Hispanic origin.'.................................

124

91

73.4

84

67.5

7

8.0

4.0

-

12.0

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

2,892
8,182
1,951

2,107
5,593
993

72.9
68.4
50.9

1,888
5,363
902

65.3
65.5
46.2

220
230
91

10.4
4.1
9.2

9.5
3.7
7.9

-

11.3
4.5
10.5

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

59,475
28,000
31,475
4,907

36,046
21,298
16,749
2,556

64.0
76.1
53.2
52.1

35,293
19,859
15,433
2,033

59.3
70.9
49.0
41.4

2,754
1,438
1,316
523

7.2
6.8
7.9
20.5

7.0
6.5
7.5
19.3

-

7.4
7.0
8.2
21.6

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

48,394
23,056
25,339
3,697

31,008
17,721
13,287
2,058

64.1
76.9
52.4
55.7

29,251
16,771
12,480
1,732

60.4
72.7
49.3
46.9

1,757
950
807
326

5.7
5.4
6.1
15.8

5.5
5.1
5.7
14.6

-

5.9
5.6
6.4
17.0

B la c k ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

10,314
4,604
5,710
1,144

6,532
3,309
3,224
466

63.3
71.9
56.5
40.8

5,575
2,836
2,739
274

54.1
61.6
48.0
23.9

957
473
485
192

14.7
14.3
15.0
41.3

14.0
13.4
14.1
38.5

-

15.3
15.2
16.0
44.0

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

3,203
1,510
1,693
335

2,115
1,229
886
169

66.0
81.4
52.3
50.5

1,931
1,123
808
134

60.3
74.3
47.7
40.0

184
107
78
35

8.7
8.7
8.8
20.9

7.8
7.4
7.3
16.4

-

9.7
9.9
10.2
25.4

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

13,211
35,650
10,613

8,971
23,499
5,577

67.9
65.9
52.5

7,789
22,361
5,142

59.0
62.7
48.5

1,181
1,138
434

13.2
4.8
7.8

12.6
4.6
7.2

-

13.7
5.1
8.3

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

29,637
13,875
15,762
2,415

18,853
10,393
8,460
1,275

63.6
74.9
53.7
52.8

17,627
9,779
7,848
1,036

59.5
70.5
49.8
42.9

1,226
614
612
239

6.5
5.9
7.2
18.7

6.2
5.5
6.8
17.1

-

6.8
6.3
7.7
20.4

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

23,480
11,146
12,335
1,743

14,860
8,394
6,466
997

63.3
75.3
52.4
57.2

14,117
8,007
6,110
862

60.1
71.8
49.5
49.4

743
387
356
135

5.0
4.6
5.5
13.6

4.7
4.2
5.1
11.9

-

5.3
5.0
6.0
15.2

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

5,820
2,590
3,231
643

3,763
1,884
1,879
266

64.7
72.7
58.2
41.4

3,299
1,661
1,638
164

56.7
64.1
50.7
25.5

464
223
241
102

12.3
11.8
12.8
38.3

11.5
10.7
11.7
34.4

-

13.2
13.0
14.0
42.1

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................

896
403
492

598
324
273

66.7
80.4
55.5

557
306
251

62.2
75.8
51.1

41
19
22

6.8
5.8
8.0

5.2
3.7
5.4

-

8.4
7.8
10.6

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

6,854
17,388
5,395

4,697
11,362
2,794

68.5
65.3
51.8

4,140
10,885
2,603

60.4
62.6
48.2

557
477
191

11.9
4.2
6.8

11.1
3.9
6.1

-

12.6
4.5
7.6

Area and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

W est North Central
Division

South Region

South Atlantic
Division

See footnotes at end of table.

5

Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex,
age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Employment

Unemployment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Total ...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

11,063
5,128
5,935
934

6,807
3,819
2,988
446

61.5
74.5
50.3
47.8

6,141
3,465
2,675
327

55.5
67.6
45.1
35.0

666
353
313
119

9.8
9.3
10.5
26.7

9.3
8.6
9.6
23.9

-

10.3
10.0
11.3
29.5

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years........

9,015
4,239
4,776
711

5,610
3,212
2,398
369

62.2
75.8
50.2
51.9

5,193
2,981
2,213
293

57.6
70.3
46.3
41.2

417
232
185
77

7.4
7.2
7.7
20.7

6.9
6.5
6.9
17.8

-

8.0
7.9
8.5
23.7

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

2,012
873
1,139
221

1,177
595
582
77

58.5
68.1
34.8

928
474
455
34

46.1
54.2
39.9
15.6

249
121
127
43

21.1
20.4
21.9
55.3

19.5
18.1
19.5
50.4

-

22.8
22.7
24.2
60.3

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

2,277
6,747
2,038

1,438
4,389
979

63.2
65.0
48.1

1,156
4,119
865

50.8
61.0
42.5

283
270
114

19.6
6.1
11.6

18.2
5.6
10.1

-

21.1
6.7
13.2

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

18,775
8,997
9,778
1,559

12,387
7,086
5,301
835

66.0
78.8
54.2
53.5

11,525
6,615
4,910
670

61.4
73.5
50.2
43.0

862
471
391
165

7.0
6.6
7.4
19.8

6.6
6.2
6.8
17.8

-

7.3
7.1
7.9
21.8

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

15,899
7,671
8,228
1,243

10,538
6,114
4,423
692

66.3
79.7
53.8
55.7

9,941
5,783
4,158
578

62.5
75.4
50.5
46.5

597
331
265
114

5.7
5.4
6.0
16.5

5.3
5.0
5.4
14.4

-

6.0
5.9
6.6
18.6

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

2,481
1,141
1,341
280

1,592
830
762
123

64.2
72.7
56.9
44.0

1,348
701
647
75

54.3
61.5
48.2
26.8

244
129
116
48

15.3
15.5
15.2
39.0

14.0
13.6
13.3
33.6

-

16.7
17.3
17.1
44.4

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

2,276
1,094
1,182
266

1,497
894
603
131

65.8
81.8
51.0
49.4

1,355
808
547
102

59.5
73.8
46.3
38.3

142
87
56
30

9.5
9.7
9.2
22.5

8.3
8.2
7.4
17.3

-

10.7
11.2
11,0
27.6

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

4,080
11,515
3,180

2,835
7,748
1,804

69.5
67.3
56.7

2,494
7,357
1,674

61.1
63.9
52.6

342
391
129

12.0
5.0
7.2

11.1
4.7
6.2

-

13.0
5.4
8.1

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

34,347
16,527
17,820
2,761

22,721
12,827
9,895
1,513

66.2
77.6
55.5
54.8

21,000
11,836
9,164
1,241

61.1
71.6
51.4
44.9

1,721
991
730
272

7.6
7.7
7.4
18.0

7.3
7.4
7.0
16.6

-

7.8
8.1
7.8
19.4

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

29,874
14,413
15,462
2,314

19,836
11,275
8,561
1,344

66.4
78.2
55.4
58.1

18,430
10,474
7,956
1,117

61.7
72.7
51.5
48.3

1,406
801
605
227

7.1
7.1
7.1
16.9

6.8
6.7
6.7
15.4

-

7.4
7.5
7.5
18.3

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

1,755
812
943
192

1,143
601
542
70

65.1
74.0
57.5
36.7

975
501
475
46

55.6
61.7
50.3
23.8

168
100
68
25

14.7
16.7
12.5
35.1

13.1
14.4
10.4
27.5

-

16.2
18.9
14.6
42.7

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en...........................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs........

4,143
2,020
2,123
488

2,731
1,646
1,085
241

65.9
81.5
51.1
49.3

2,428
1,462
967
185

58.6
72.4
45.5
37.9

303
184
118
56

11.1
11.2
10.9
23.1

10.2
10.1
9.5
19.5

-

12.0
12.3
12.3
26.8

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present................
Other marital status3 .......................

8,431
19,835
6,081

6,140
13,108
3,474

72.8
66.1
57.1

5,435
12,379
3,186

64.5
62.4
52.4

705
729
287

11.5
5.6
8.3

10.9
5.3
7.6

-

12.1
5.9
9.0

Area and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

East South Central
Division

51.1

West South Central
Division

West Region

See footnotes at end of table.

6

Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex,
age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Civilian noninstitutional
population

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

Area and population group

Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Error range of
rate1
2

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

9,038
4,383
4,655
724

6,111
3,461
2,650
427

67.6
79.0
56.9
58.9

5,732
3,247
2,485
360

63.4
74.1
53.4
49.7

379
214
165
67

6.2
6.2
6.2
15.6

5.8
5.7
5.7
13.7

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

8,484
4,119
4,365
659

5,751
3,267
2,484
403

67.8
79.3
56.9
61.1

5,419
3,079
2,340
345

63.9
74.7
53.6
52.3

332
189
143
58

5.8
5.8
5.8
14.4

5.4
5.3
5.2
12.5

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................

206
103
103

155
84
70

75.0
81.8
68.2

135
74
60

65.4
72.3
58.5

20
10
10

12.7
11.6
14.1

9.9
7.9
9.8

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

943
462
481
106

622
367
254
56

65.9
79.4
52.9
52.3

560
329
231
42

59.3
71.2
48.0
39.4

62
38
24
14

10.0
10.4
9.4
24.7

8.6
8.6
7.3
18.7

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present.................
Other marital status3 .......................

2,006
5,545
1,487

1,492
3,737
882

74.4
67.4
59.3

1,348
3,569
815

67.2
64.4
54.8

144
168
67

9.7
4.5
7.6

8.8
4.1
6.6

T o ta l...................................................
M e n ..................................................
Women ............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs ........

25,309
12,144
13,165
2,037

16,610
9,365
7,245
1,086

65.6
77.1
55.0
53.3

15,268
8,589
6,679
881

60.3
70.7
50.7
43.2

1,342
776
565
205

8.1
8.3
7.8
18.9

7.7
7.8
7.3
17.2

W h ite ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

21,390
10,293
11,097
1,655

14,085
8,007
6,077
941

65.8
77.8
54.8
56.9

13,011
7,395
5,616
773

60.8
71.8
50.6
46.7

1,074
612
461
169

7.6
7.6
7.6
17.9

7.3
7.2
7.1
16.1

Black ..................................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en ...........................................

1,549
709
840

989
517
472

63.8
72.8
56.2

841
426
414

54.3
60.1
49.3

148
90
58

15.0
17.5
12.3

13.3
15.0
9.9

Hispanic origin..................................
M e n ..................................................
W om en............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs ........

3,200
1,558
1,642
382

2,109
1,279
831
185

65.9
82.1
50.6
48.4

1,869
1,133
736
143

58.4
72.7
44.8
37.5

241
146
95
42

11.4
11.4
11.4
22.7

10.3
10.1
9.7
18.3

-

Single (never married).....................
Married, spouse present................
Other marital status3 .......................

6,425
14,290
4,593

4,648
9,371
2,591

72.3
65.6
56.4

4,087
8,810
2,371

63.6
61.6
51.6

561
561
220

12.1
6.0
8.5

11.3
5.6
7.6

-

Number

Rate

Mountain Division
_
-

_
-

-

6.6
6.7
6.8
17.6
6.1
6.2
6.3
16.4

_ 15.6
15.3
- 18.4
_ 11.3
12.2
11.5
- 30.6

-

_ 10.5
4.9
8.7
-

Pacific Division

1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval,
which means that if repeated samples were drawn from the same popula­
tion and an error range constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out
of 10 cases the true value based on a complete census of the population
would be contained within these error ranges.
2 Because of separate processing and weighting procedures, totals for
the United States differ from the results obtained by aggregating the totals
for regions and States.
3 "Other marital status” includes divorced, widowed, separated, and mar­

_
-

-

_
-

-

_
-

8.4
8.7
8.3
20.7
8.0
8.1
8.1
19.8
16.7
20.0
14.6

_ 12.5
-

12.8
13.1
27.1
12.8
6.4
9t3

ried with spouse absent.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not
meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on
the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or
compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other
races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the
white and black population groups.

7

Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Full* and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and
Hispanic origin, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Full-time labor force

Part-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and area

Employed on

Total

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Total
Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons

Number

time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

TOTAL

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

20,480
5,495
14,984

18,148
5,001
13,146

984
246
738

1,348
248
1,100

6.6
4.5
7.3

3,479
1,060
2,419

3,189
989
2,200

290
71
219

8.3
6.7
9.1

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

24,293
17,027
7,266

20,738
14,347
6,391

1,570
1,131
439

1,985
1,549
436

8.2
9.1
6.0

4,484
3,056
1,428

4,046
2,723
1,323

438
332
105

9.8
10.9
7.4

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

33,355
16,529
5,956
10,870

29,088
14,565
4,968
9,554

1,957
942
422
593

2,310
1,021
566
723

6.9
6.2
9.5
6.6

4,692
2,324
851
1,517

4,248
2,119
751
1,378

444
205
100
139

9.5
8.8
11.8
9.2

W e s t ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

19,466
5,220
14,245

16,824
4,574
12,249

1,230
339
892

1,411
307
1,104

7.3
5.9
7.8

3,256
891
2,365

2,946
819
2,127

309
72
237

9.5
8.1
10.0

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

12,464
3,326
9,138

11,218
3,074
8,144

427
105
323

819
147
672

6.6
4.4
7.3

1,009
292
717

901
266
634

108
25
83

10.7
8.7
11.5

M idw est...........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

14,859
10,418
4,441

12,948
8,975
3,972

703
509
194

1,208
934
274

8.1
9.0
6.2

1,354
923
431

1,175
786
389

179
137
42

13.2
14.8
9.8

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

19,708
9,618
3,519
6,572

17,538
8,663
3,006
5,868

917
427
200
290

1,253
527
312
414

6.4
5.5
8.9
6.3

1,590
775
300
514

1,404
688
259
457

186
87
41
57

11.7
11.2
13.7
11.1

W e s t ................................................
Mountain......................................
P acific..........................................

11,782
3,179
8,604

10,318
2,835
7,483

603
160
443

861
183
678

7.3
5.8
7.9

1,044
283
762

915
252
663

130
31
99

12.4
11.0
13.0

Northeast ............................................

8,016

529

6.6

182

141
415

101
428

4.6
7.3

2,470
768
1,702

2 ,288

2,170
5,846

6,930
1,928
5,002

5 57

New England ..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

723
1,566

45
136

7.4
5.9
8.0

M idw est..........................................
East North Central.....................
West North Central....................

9,434
6,609
2,826

7,790
5,371
2,419

867
622
244

777
615
162

8.2
9.3
5.7

3,130
2,133
997

2,871
1,937
934

259
196
63

8.3
9.2
6.3

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

13,647
6,911
2,437
4,298

11,549
5,902
1,962
3,686

1,040
515
222
303

1,057
494
254
309

7.7
7.2
10.4
7.2

3,102
1,549
551
1,003

2,844
1,431
492
921

258
117
59
82

8.3
7.6
10.7
8.2

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
P acific...........................................

7,683
2,042
5,642

6,505
1,739
4,766

627
179
448

551
124
427

7.2
6.1
7.6

2,211
608
1,603

2,032
567
1,464

180
41
139

8.1
6.7
8.7

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

799
230
570

488
158
329

155
43
112

156
29
128

19.6
12.4
22.5

861
272
589

737
243
494

124
30
95

14.4
10.9
16.1

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

1,037
732
305

579
389
191

247
177
70

210
166
44

20.3
22.7
14.5

1,176
831
345

963
663
300

213
168
45

18.1
20.2
13.1

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

1,419
696
251
472

862
439
127
295

250
119
52
73

308
138
72
98

21.7
19.8
28.7
20.7

1,136
578
196
363

921
478
148
295

215
101
47
67

18.9
17.4
24.2
18.6

W e s t ................................................

768

454

173

141

18.4

744

614

130

17.5

Men

Women

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

See footnotes at end of table.

8

Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and
Hispanic origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Part-time labor force

Full-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and area

Employed on

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Total

Total
Full-time
schedules'

Part time for
economic
reasons

Number

time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years—Continued

223
546

136
318

50
123

37
105

16.5
19.2

204
540

174
440

30
101

14.6
18.6

Northeast.......................................
New England ..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

18,145
5,207
12,937

16,205
4,746
11,459

873
233
640

1,067
229
838

5.9
4.4
6.5

3,247
1,025
2,222

3,007
961
2,046

240
64
176

7.4
6.3
7.9

M idw est...........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

22,010
15,135
6,875

19,106
12,996
6,110

1,379
980
399

1,525
1,159
366

6.9
7.7
5.3

4,219
2,840
1,379

3,844
2,561
1,283

376
279
96

8.9
9.8
7.0

S o uth...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South C e n tral...................

27,080
12,945
4,893
9,242

24,279
11,736
4,241
8,302

1,344
599
300
445

1,456
610
351
495

5.4
4.7
7.2
5.4

3,928
1,915
718
1,295

3,628
1,782
652
1,194

301
133
66
102

7.7
7.0
9.1
7.8

West ................................................
Mountain.......................................
P acific..........................................

16,912
4,896
12,016

14,708
4,316
10,392

1,066
313
753

1,139
267
871

6.7
5.5
7.3

2,923
855
2,068

2,656
790
1,866

267
65
202

9.1
7.6
9.8

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

1,951
234
1,717

1,593
206
1,387

99
11
88

259
17
242

13.3
7.2
14.1

46

(2)
162

M idw est...........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

1,997
1,695
302

1,396
1,183
213

174
141
33

427
371
56

21.4
21.9
18.5

ft

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

5,829
3,379
1,046
1,404

4,432
2,654
712
1,065

578
328
119
131

819
396
214
208

14.0
11.7
20.5
14.8

703
384
132
188

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific...........................................

1,021
139
882

798
111
688

74
12
62

148
16
133

14.5
11.5
15.0

ft
107

N ortheast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

911
84
827

760
68
692

42
5
38

108
11
98

11.9
12.8
11.8

99
ft
87

M idw est...........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North C entral....................

436
354
82

354
283
71

33
28
5

49
43
6

11.3
12.2
7.3

ft
ft

S o uth...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
West South C e n tral...................

1,881
525
1,338

1,585
483
1,108

141
27
112

156
36
118

8.3
6.8
8.6

W e s t ............ ...................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

2,435
553
1,882

1,970
449
1,520

206
49
157

259
54
205

10.6
9.6
10.9

Mountain.......................................
Pacific...........................................
White

Black

189

213
186

122

121

41

24.6
ft
25.0

157
136

56
50

26.3
26.8

ft

ft

565
316
97
152

138
68
34
36

19.7
17.7
26.2
19.1

19

15.8
ft
14.6

142

ft

ft

103
ft

ft

16

91

ft

Hispanic origin

1 Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed proportionately
among the full- and part-time employed categories.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publica­
tion standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B.

80

ft

19
ft

72

16

19.5
ft
18.0

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

234
72
159

205
67
135

29
5
24

15.1

296
69
227

252
61
191

43
8
36

14.7
11.3
15.7

12.4
6.8

NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because
data for the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in
both the white and black population groups.

9

Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced' civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total

Midwest

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

South

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

West

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

4,180
1,958
2,222
249
102
134
310
582

1,216
559
657
66

2,643
1,302
1,341
153

(2)
103
199

Total

South
Atlantic

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Managerial and professional specialty...........................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

5,845
2,624
3,221
397
137
205
483
807

1,667
725
942
142

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations...........................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ............................
Administrative support, including clerical .....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

7,583
766
256
243
2,688
657
430
315
1,270
4,128
175
1,223
550
232

1,987
214
72
71
717
174
133
87
318
1,056

Service occupations...........................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ...............................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

3,232
168
441
2,623
1,129
474
645
375

Precision production, craft, and repair ...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es.........................................................................

4,179
1,899
2,280
255
90
151
346
587

6,004
2,727
3,277
358
103
167
560
902

4,201
1,922
2,278
264

1,804
805
998
94

110
388
619

58
172
283

8,039
3,819
4,220
468
152
248
580
1,166

5,595
552
184
172
1,971
484
297
228
952
3,072
133
905
402
180

8,334
781
298
259
3,220
784
468
378
1,579
4,333
184
1,288
661
204

5,863
545
207
187
2,277
532
322
274
1,142
3,041
133
912
432
142

2,471
236
92
73
943
252
146
105
437
1,292
(2)
377
229
62

11,151
1,046
394
363
4,584
1,199
682
495
2,190
5,521
236
1,660
797
222

5,543
527
195
183
2,234
581
348
213
1,083
2,782
123
846
360
110

1,788
148
68

106
691
311
122
160
98

2,393
126
335
1,931
818
351
485
277

4,133
254
377
3,502
1,578
548
857
518

2,839
172
285
2,382
1,098
355
604
325

1,293
82
92
1,119
480
193
254
193

5,140
448
618
4,074
1,752
596
1,037
691

2,782
883
970

819
232
285

1,963
651
685

3,473
1,195
1,075

2,434
834
719

1,039
361
356

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations.....................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

3,895
1,993
923
711
979
156

1,098
625
226
173
247
ft

2,797
1,369
697
538
732
113

5,299
2,649
1,324
917
1,326
191

3,935
2,086
912
631
937
126

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

377
105

107
ft

271
87

1,191
627

Managerial and professional specialty ...........................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

5,689
2,554
3,135
390
135
204
472
785

1,626
706
921
141

4,063
1,848
2,215
249
89
150
338
571

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations...........................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except re ta il..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

7,230
745
251
235
2,562
638
422
308
1,181
3,923
169
1,171
524
220

1,919
208
71
69
695
170
131
85
304
1,017

Service occupations...........................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ................................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................

2,993
158
422
2,414
1,029
441
594

4,150
2,006
2,144
351
95
113
246
445

1,473
710
763
93

76
167
385

5,623
2,716
2,907
444
116
159
348
648
7,100
674
197
232
2,796
680
474
328
1,301
3,629
149
967
555
178

1,870
195
54
70
748
182
138
83
342
927

O
254
145
ft

3,820
372
131
132
1,610
413
249
200
742
1,839
79
560
291
76

280
151
42

5,230
480
142
162
2,048
498
336
245
959
2,703
115
687
403
136

2,596
229
331
2,036
884
295
518
340

904
91
100
712
302
120
176
115

1,640
127
186
1,326
566
181
344
236

3,056
197
343
2,516
1,161
293
593
470

890
51
91
747
352
69
185
142

2,166
145
252
1,769
809
224
408
328

5,079
1,639
2,055

2,403
792
998

938
303
325

1,738
544
733

2,767
886
1,029

787
249
326

1,979
637
702

1,364
563
412
286
389
64

6,779
3,043
1,815
1,257
1,920
327

3,334
1,552
845
612
937
137

1,529
792
368
234
369
ft

1,915
699
602
412
614
130

3,080
1,252
857
618
971
188

783
251
258
179
273
64

2,298
1,002
599
439
697
124

529
217

663
411

1,445
500

599
142

324
148

521
210

916
218

275
99

642
119

5,841
2,641
3,201
349
102
167
550
881

4,077
1,853
2,224
257

1,764
788
977
92
ft
57
168
276

7,870
3,739
4,130
456
150
246
566
1,143

4,093
1,920
2,174
245
101
133
302
571

1,187
545
642
64
ft
ft
101
193

2,589
1,274
1,315
147
ft
75
163
378

5,448
2,632
2,816
432
114
158
341
632

1,434
690
744
91
ft
46
101
199

4,014
1,942
2,072
341
94
112
240
432

7,882
760
290
252
3,038
752
449
365
1,461
4,084
176
1,212
630
194

5,504
529
20 2
180
2,131
507
308
263
1,045
2,845
127
851
408
134

2,378
231
89
72
907
245
141
102
416
1,239

5,302
514
190
177
2,120
567
338
208
998
2,668
120
814
348
106

ft

3.632
357
125
125
1,523
406
242
185
675
1,752
76
533
280
75

6,728
651
190
222
2,640
658
458
316
1,197
3,438
145
904
531
171

1,791
189
52
68
715
177
135
82
320
886

(2)
361
222
60

10,622
1,015
381
351
4,336
1,170
662
483
2,001
5,271
227
1,589
765
216

1,688
145
66

ft
309
141
51

5,311
537
180
166
1,867
468
290
223
877
2,907
127
862
383
169

266
146
41

4,938
462
137
154
1.924
480
323
234
877
2,551
111
638
385
129

798
ft
102
657
295
117
151

2,196
118
320
1,757
734
324
443

3,709
235
346
3,128
1,393
495
749

2,519
158
262
2,100
961
315
522

1,190
77
84
1,029
432
180
227

4,667
416
587
3,664
1,535
546
926

2,386
213
319
1,854
780
277
469

783
83
91
608
249
106
145

1,499
120
177
1,202
506
163
312

2,778
184
322
2,272
1,031
265
532

815
49
87
679
316
62
167

1,963
135
235
1,593
716
202
365

ft

55
137
220

ft

318
148
52
839

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

(2)
740
205
84
82
364
900

ft

46
102
203

ft

EMPLOYED

ft

55
134
214

ft

109
383
605

ft
692
197
82
80
329
850
ft
242
139

:

...

See footnotes at end of table.

10

^ ^

■

ft

Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Midwest

Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total

New
Middle
England Atlantic

West

South

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

491

302

189

658

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

108

222

444

135

309

734
238
295

1,814
602
615

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

EMPLOYED—Continued
Personal service.............................................................................

350

94

256

328

Precision production, craft, and repair ...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es..........................................................................

2,593
840
874

786
226
267

1,807
614
606

3,172
1,124
923

2,203
782
601

969
342
322

4,737
1,570
1,863

2,272
767
920

855
282
286

1,610
521
657

2,548
840
910

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

3,476
1,793
845
659
839
124

1,010
577
214
164
220

2,466
1,216
631
495
619
90

4,636
2,334
1,187
829
1,115
141

3,423
1,834
811
567
777
90

1,213
500
375
262
337
51

6,051
2,748
1,667
1,165
1,635
258

3,022
1,415
790
575
818
109

1,323
702
327
210
294

1,705
630
551
380
524
107

2,698
1,110
766
559
822
144

703
231
235
163
237
50

1,906
878
532
395
585
93

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

338
104

97
ft

242
85

1,114
626

475
216

638
410

1,346
496

551
140

305
147

490
209

800
216

255
98

545
118

Managerial and professional specialty...........................................
Executive, administrative, and managenal..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists.....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

156
70
86
8
2
1
11
22

40
19
21
1
(2)
ft
3
5

116
51
65
6
1
1
8
17

163
87
76
9
(3)
1
10
21

124
69
54
7

169
79
89
12
3
2
14
23

87
38
49
4
2
1
8
11

28
14
15
2

54
27
26
6
1
4
7

175
84
91
12
2
1
7
16

38
20
19
2
ft

5
14

39
17
22
2
(2)
(3)
5
7

1
4

137
64
73
10
1
1
6
13

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineenng and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations............................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except re ta il.................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ............................
Administrative support, including clencal ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

353
21
5
8
127
19
9
8
89
205
6
52
26
12

68
6
1
3
22
3
2
2
14
40
9
6
1

285
15
4
6
104
16
7
6
75
165
5
44
20
11

452
21
8
7
182
32
18
13
118
249
8
76
31
10

359
16
5
6
147
25
13
11
97
196
6
61
24
9

94
5
3
1
35
7
5
2
21
53
ft
15
7
2

529
31
14
12
249
29
19
12
189
250
8
71
32
6

241
13
5
6
115
14
10
5
85
113
3
32
14
4

188
15
6
6
87
7
7
4
68
87
3
27
11
1

372
23
7
10
157
22
17
12
104
192
5
63
24
8

79
6
2
3
33
5
4
2
23
40
ft
15
5
1

293
18
5
8
124
18
13
11
82
151
4
49
18
6

Service occupations............................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ................................................................................
Cleaning and building service .....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

238
10
19
209
100
33
51
26

41
(2)
4
35
16
6
9
4

197
8
15
174
84
28
41
22

423
19
31
373
185
53
108
27

320
15
23
282
137
40
82
23

103
4
8
91
48
13
26
4

473
32
30
410
217
50
111
33

211
16
12
182
104
17
48
12

121
8
9
104
53
14
31
7

141
8
9
124
60
18
32
14

278
13
21
244
130
28
61
26

75
3
4
68
36
7
18
7

204
10
17
176
93
21
43
19

Precision production, craft, and repair ...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es...................................... ...................................

189
43
96

33
6
18

156
37
78

301
71
152

231
53
119

70
18
33

342
68
193

131
25
78

83
20
39

128
23
76

218
46
119

53
11
31

165
35
87

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers.................................... ...............................

419
201
78
52
140
31

87
48
12
8
27
(!)

331
153
66
44
113
23

664
315
137
88
211
50

512
252
100
64
160
37

151
63
37
24
51
13

728
295
147
92
285
68

311
137
55
36
119
28

206
90
41
24
75
ft

210
69
51
32
91
23

382
143
91
60
148
44

79
19
24
16
36
13

303
123
67
44
112
31

Farming, forestry, and fishing....................... ....................................
Farm operators and m anagers......................................................

39
2

ft

10

29
1

77
1

53
1

24
(3)

99
4

48
2

20
1

32
1

116
2

20
ft

96
1

Managerial and professional specialty...........................................
Executive, administrative, and m anagerial..................................
Professional specialty.....................................................................
Engineers...................................................................... ............
Mathematical and computer scientists.....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

2.7
2.7
2.7
2.0
1.6
.6
2.3
2.7

2.4
2.6
2.3
1.0
(2)
.5
2.2
2.5

2.8
2.7
2.8
2.5
1.0
.7
2.3
2.8

2.7
3.2
2.3
2.4
.3
.4
1.8
2.4

2.9
3.6
2.4
2.8
(2)
.4
1.4
2.3

2.2
22
2.2
2.0
(2)
.3
2.7
2.5

2.1
2.1
2.1
2.6
1.7
.7
2.4
2.0

2.1 '
1.9
2.2
1.5
1.7
.8
2.5
1.9

2.3
2.5
2.2
3.3

ft
1.8
2,6

2.0
2.1
2.0
4.0
ft
.7
2,5
1.7

3.1
3.1
3.1
2.7
1.3
.6
2.0
2.5

2.6
2,8
2.4
2.7
ft
ft
1.5
1.8

3.3
3.2
3.4
2.7
1.2
.9
2.3
2.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................

4.7
2.7
2.1

3.4
2.8
1.4

5,1
2.7
2.4

5.4
2.7
2.6

8.1
2.9
2.5

3.8
2.3
2.9

4.7
2.9
3.5

4.4
2.5
2.8

5.8
1.7
2.9

4.9
4.0
4.9

5.2
3.5
3.5

4.2
2.9
3.8

5.6
3.7
3.4

ft

(2)

UNEMPLOYED

ft

ft
ft

ft

(2)
2
5
100
3
2
ft
47
8
2
2
35
50
ft
12
6
ft

ft

ft

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

See footnotes at end of table.

11

____

ft

Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total

Midwest

West

South

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

3.4
5.3
3.2
2.3
2.5
7.9
5.4
4.1
4.8
4.9
6.0

2.8
5.7
4.1
3.9
3.5
7.5
5.7
4.2
5.9
4.7
5.0

3.4
6.4
4.7
4.1
3.9
8.5
6.5
4.2
6.7
5.5
6.0

1.3
3.7
2.7
3.4
2.3
4.8
4.1
O
4.1
3.0
2.5

3.4
5.4
2.4
2.8
2.3
8.6
4.5
3.5
4.2
4.0
2.7

3.1
5.1
2.4
2.9
2.6
7.9
4.1
2.8
3.7
3.9
3.9

f2)
6.4
3.9
2.6
2.1
9.7
5.5
f2)
4.8
4.3
(*)

4.8
5.4
1.7
2.8
2.2
9.1
4.7
3.8
4.8
3.9
1.2

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

East
South
South
Atlantic
Central

West
South
Central

Moun­
tain

Pacific

4.4
5.6
3.3
3.5
3.8
8.0
5.3
3.2
6.5
4.3
4.3

3.8
4.4
2.6
2.7
1.8
6.6
4.4
f2)
5.3
3.5
2.6

4.7
6.0
3.6
3.9
4.4
8.5
5.6
3.7
7.1
4.5
4.8

Total

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE—Continued
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations...........................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

3.4
4.7
2.9
2.0
2.5
7.0
5.0
3.5
4.3
4.7
5.3

<
*>
2.8
4.1
2.7

Service occupations...........................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ...............................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service............................................................................

7.4
5.9
4.4
8.0
8.8
7.0
7.8
6.8

4.1
5.0
5.2
4.5
5.8
3.9

8.2
6.5
4.5
9.0
10.2
7.8
8.5
7.9

10.2
7.5
8.3
10.7
11.7
9.7
12.6
5.3

11.3
8.5
8.1
11.9
12.5
11.2
13.5
7.2

8.0
5.3
8.9
8.1
9.9
6.8
10.4
2.0

9.2
7.2
4.9
10.1
12.4
8.3
10.7
4.8

8.1
7.1
3.7
8.9
11.8
5.9
9.3
3.5

13.4
9.1
8.7
14.6
17.5
11.7
17.4
6.0

8.6
5.9
5.0
9.4
10.6
10.1
9.3
6.1

9.1
6.6
6.1
9.7
11.2
9.5
10.3
5.5

8.4
5.3
4.4
9.1
10.3
9.6
9.7
4.9

9.4
7.1
6.7
10.0
11.5
9.5
10.5
5.8

Precision production, craft, and re p a ir...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es .........................................................................

6.8
4.9
9.9

4.0
2.8
6.3

7.9
5.7
11.4

8.7
6.0
14.2

9.5
6.3
16.5

6.7
5.1
9.4

6.7
4.2
9.4

5.4
3.1
7.8

8.9
6.8
12.0

7.4
4.2
10.3

7.9
5.2
11.6

6.8
4.3
9.6

8.3
5.5
12.5

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

10.8
10.1
8.4
7.3
14.3
20.2

8.0
7.7
5.3
4.8
11.1
(*)

11.8
11.2
9.5
8.1
15.4
20.2

12.5
11.9
10.4
9.6
15.9
26.2

13.0
12.1
11.0
10.1
17.1
29.0

11.1
11.2
9.0
8.3
13.1
20.8

10.7
9.7
8.1
7.3
14.8
20.9

9.3
8.8
6.5
6.0
12.7
20.2

13.5
11.3
11.3
10.3
20.3
(2)

11.0
9.8
8.4
7.7
14.7
17.6

12.4
11.4
10.6
9.7
15.3
23.4

10.1
7.7
9.2
8.8
13.2
20.8

13.2
12.3
11.2
10.0
16.1
24.8

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

10.3
1.6

9.7
(*)

10.6
1.6

6.5
.2

10.1
.6

3.7
.1

6.9
.8

8.0
1.3

6.1
.8

6.1
.4

12.7
.7

7.2

15.0
1.0

3.6
3.1
2.0
1.5
2.6
4.4
3.8

4.9

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.

.4

3 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.

12

Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages
(Percent distribution)

Total

New
Middle
England Atlantic

West

South

Midwest

Northeast
Population group and occupation

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

TOTAL
Total (in thousands).................................................................... 22,321
Percent...........................................................................................
100.0

6,237
100.0

16,084
100.0

26,354
100.0

18,201
100.0

8,152
100.0

35,293
100.0

17,627
100.0

6,141
100.0

11,525
100.0

21,000
100.0

5,732
100.0

15,268
100.0

Managerial and professional speciality...........................................
Executive, administrative, and m anagerial..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists.....................................
Health diagnosing occupations................................... ...............
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

25.5
11.4
14.0
1.7

26.1
11.3
14.8
2.3
.7
.9
2.2
3.4

25.3
11.5
13.8
1.5
.6
.9
2.1
3.5

22.2
10.0
12.1
1.3
.4
.6
2.1
3.3

22.4
10.2
12.2
1.4
.4
.6
2.1
3.3

21.6
9.7
12.0
1.1
.4
.7
2.1
3.4

22.3
10.6
11.7
1.3
.4
.7
1.6
3.2

23.2
10.9
12.3
1.4
6
.8
1.7
3.2

19.3
8.9
10.5
1.0
.2
.6
1.8
3.1

22.5
11.1
11.4
1.3
.3
.7
1.4
3.3

25.9
12.5
13.4
2.1
.5
.8
1.6
3.0

25.0
12.0
13.0
1.6
.4
.8
1.8
3.5

26.3
12.7
13.6
2.2
.6
.7
1.6
2.8

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations............................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

32.4
3.3
1.1
1.1
11.5
2.9
1.9
1.4
5.3
17.6
.8
5.2
2.3
1.0

30.8
3.3
1.1
1.1
11.1
2.7
2.1
1.4
4.9
16.3
.7
5.0
2.3

29.9
2.9
1.1
1.0
11.5
2.9
1.7
1.4
5.5
15.5
.7
4.6
2.4
.7

30.2
2.9
1.1
1.0
11.7
2.8
1.7
1.4
5.7
15.6
.7
4.7
2.2
.7

29.2
2.8
1.1
.9
11.1
3.0
1.7
1.3
5.1
15.2
.6
4.4
2.7
.7

30.1
2.9
1.1
1.0
12.3
3.3
1.9
1.4
5.7
14.9
.6
4.5
2.2
.6

30.1
2.9
1.1
1.0
12.0
3.2
1.9
1.2
5.7
15.1
.7
4.6
2.0
.6

27.5
2.4
1.1
.8
11.3
3.2
1.3
1.3
5.4
13.9
.5
3.9
2.3

.8

33.0
3.3
1.1
1.0
11.6
2.9
1.8
1.4
5.5
18.1
.8
5.4
2.4
1.1

.6

31.5
3.1
1.1
1.1
13.2
3.5
2.1
1.7
5.9
15.2
.7
4.6
2.4
.7

32.0
3.1
.9
1.1
12.6
3.1
2.2
1.5
5.7
16.4
.7
4.3
2.5
.8

31.2
3.3
.9
1.2
12.5
3.1
2.3
1.4
5.6
15.5
.6
4.6
2.5
.7

32.3
3.0
.9
1.0
12.6
3.1
2.1
1.5
5.7
16.7
.7
4.2
2.5
.8

Service occupations............................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service................................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

13.4
.7
1.9
10.8
4.6
2.0
2.7
1.6

12.8
.6
1.6
10.5
4.7
1.9
2.4
1.5

13.7
.7
2.0
10.9
4.6
2.0
2.8
1.6

14.1
.9
1.3
11.9
5.3
1.9
2.8
1.9

13.8
.9
1.4
11.5
5.3
1.7
2.9
1.7

14.6
.9
1.0
12.6
5.3
2.2
2.8
2.3

13.2
1.2
1.7
10.4
4.3
1.5
2.6
1.9

13.5
1.2
1.8
10.5
4.4
1.6
2.7
1.9

12.7
1.4
1.5
9.9
4.1
1.7
2.4
1.8

13.0
1.0
1.5
10.4
4.4
1.4
2.7
1.9

13.2
.9
1.5
10.8
4.9
1.3
2.5
2.1

14.2
.9
1.5
11.9
5.5
1.1
2.9
2.4

12.9
.9
1.5
10.4
4.7
1.3
2.4
2.0

Precision production, craft, and re p a ir...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es..........................................................................

11.6
3.8
3.9

12.6
3.6
4.3

11.2
3.8
3.8

12.0
4.3
3.5

12.1
4.3
3.3

11.9
4.2
4.0

13.4
4.4
5.3

12.9
4.4
5.2

13.9
4.6
4.7

14.0
4.5
5.7

12.1
4.0
4.3

12.8
4.2
5.1

11.9
3.9
4.0

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and Inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

15.6
8.0
3.8
3.0
3.8
.6

16.2
9.2
3.4
2.6
3.5
.5

15.3
7.6
3.9
3.1
3.8
.6

17.6
8.9
4.5
3.1
4.2
.5

18.8
10.1
4.5
3.1
4.3
.5

14.9
6.1
4.6
3.2
4.1
.6

17.1
7.8
4.7
3.3
4.6
.7

17.1
8.0
4.5
3.3
4.6
.6

21.5
11.4
5.3
3.4
4.8
.7

14.8
5.5
4.8
3.3
4.5
.9

12.8
5.3
3.6
2.7
3.9
.7

12.3
4.0
4.1
2.8
4.1
.9

13.1
5.8
3.5
2.6
3.8
.6

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and m anagers......................................................

1.5
.5

1.5
.3

1.5
.5

4.2
2.4

2.6
1.2

7.8
5.0

3.8
1.4

3.1
.8

5.0
2.4

4.2
1.8

3.8
1.0

4.4
1.7

3.6
.8

Total (in thousands).................................................................... 12,546
Percent...........................................................................................
100.0

3,445
100.0

9,101
100.0

14,826
100.0

10,270
100.0

4,556
100.0

19,859
100.0

9,779
100.0

3,465
100.0

6,615
100.0

11,836
100.0

3,247
100.0

8,589
100.0

.6
.9
2.1
3.5

Men

Managerial and professional speciality ..........................................
Executive, administrative, and m anagerial..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

27.0
14.1
12.9
2.9
.7
1.4
.4
2.0

27.9
13.9
14.0
3.9
.8
1.3
.4
1.9

26.7
14.2
12.5
2.6
.7
1.4
.4
2.0

22.8
12.0
10.7
2.2
.5
1.0
.5
1.7

23.0
12.2
10.8
2.4
.5
.9
.5
1.7

22.2
11.6
10.6
1.9
.5
1.1
.5
1.7

23.0
12.5
10.5
2.2
.5
1.1
.4
1.4

24.2
12.8
11.4
2.4
.7
1.2
.4
1.5

19.6
10.6
9.0
1.7
.2
1.0
.4
1.3

22.8
12.9
9.9
2.1
.4
1.0
.4
1.3

27.0
13.9
13.1
3.4
.6
1.1
.4
1.5

26.0
13.8
12.2
2.7
.5
1.2
.5
1.8

27.4
14.0
13.5
3.7
.7
1.0
.4
1.5

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations............................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

21.0
3.1
.4
1.5
10.7
3.7
2.0
2.1
2.9
7.3
.5
.2
.6
1.3

19.5
3.0
.4
1.5
10.1
3.3
2.1
2.1
2.5
6.4
.5
.1
.4
1.0

21.6
3.1
.4
1.5
10.9
3.8
2.0
2.0
3.0
7.6
.5
.3
.6
1.4

18.2
2.5
.2
1.4
10.4
3.5
1.9
2.1
2.9
5.3
.4
.1
.4
.8

18.5
2.7
.3
1.4
10.4
3.4
1.9
2.2
2.9
5.5
.5
.1
.4
.8

17.6
2.3
.2
1.2
10.4
3.7
2.0
1.9
2.8
4.9
.3
.1
.4
.8

18.9
2.6
.3
1.4
11.3
4.1
2.1
2.1
3.0
5.1
.4
.2
.3
.7

19.1
2.6
.3
1.4
11.1
4.2
2.2
1.8
2.9
5.3
.4
.2
.3
.8

17.3
2.0
.3
1.1
10.6
3.9
1.6
2.1
3.1
4.7
.4
.2
.3
.7

19.5
2.8
.3
1.5
11.9
4.3
2.2
2.5
3.0
4.8
.4
.2
.4
.7

20.7
3.1
.4
1.4
12.0
3.9
2.3
2.1
3.6
5.5
.4
.2
.4
1.0

19.4
3.3
.3
1.7
11.5
3.8
2.5
2.0
3.1
4.5
.4
.2
.3
.8

21.2
3.1
.4
1.4
12.2
3.9
2.3
2.2
3.8
5.9
.5
.2
.4
1.0

See footnotes at end of table.

13

Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total

Midwest

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

South

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

West

East
South
South
Atlantic
Central

West
South
Central

Moun­
tain

Pacific

2.2
5.9
2.6
.2
2.6
.5

9.7
.1
2.4
7.2
3.5
.3
2.6
.8

10.1
.1
2.3
7.7
3.7
.2
2.7
1.1

9.5
.1
2.4
7.0
3.4
.3
2.6
.7

Total

Men—Continued

Service occupations...........................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ................................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

10.7
.1
2.9
7.6
3.4
.4
3.3
.6

9.7
.1
2.6
7.1
3.2
.2
3.0
.5

11.0
.1
3.1
7.9
3.4
.5
3.3
.7

9.2
.1
2.0
7.1
3.1
.3
3.2
.6

9.5
.1
2.2
7.2
3.1
.3
3.3
.6

8.6
.1
1.6
6.9
3.0
.3
3.0
.7

(’)
2.6
5.9
2.5
.2
2.6
.6

9.3
O
2.9
6.4
2.8
.3
2.7
.7

7.1
(’ )
2.2
4.8
1.8
.3
2.3
.4

Precision production, craft, and repair ...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es.........................................................................

19.0
6.5
6.9

20.4
6.3
7.7

18.5
6.5
6.6

19.5
7.4
6.1

19.5
7.4
5.7

19.5
7.4
6.9

22.0
7.7
9.2

21.3
7.6
9.3

22.4
7.9
8.1

22.7
7.7
9.7

19.4
6.9
7.5

20.7
7.2
8.8

18.9
6.7
7.0

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

20.0
8.2
6.2
4.8
5.6
1.0

20.0
9.1
5.8
4.4
5.1
1.0

20.0
7.9
6.4
4.9
5.7
1.0

24.0
10.5
7.4
5.1
6.2
.9

25.5
12.2
7.2
5.0
6.1
.9

20.5
6.6
7.6
5.2
6.2
1.1

21.9
7.2
7.8
5.3
6.9
1.3

21.3
7.1
7.4
5.3
6.8
1.1

26.0
9.9
8.8
5.6
7.3
1.2

20.5
6.0
7.7
5.3
6.8
1.6

17.5
5.8
5.8
4.2
5.9
1.2

17.3
4.5
6.6
4.5
6.2
1.5

17.5
6.3
5.5
4.0
5.8
1.1

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

2.3
.6

2.4
.4

2.2
.7

6.3
3.8

3.9
1.9

11.5
8.0

5.8
2.2

4.7
1.2

7.6
3.9

6.4
2.8

5.7
1.6

6.6
2.7

5.3
1.1

Total (in thousands)....................................................................
Percent...........................................................................................

9,775
100.0

2,792
100.0

6,983
100.0

11,527
100.0

7,931
100.0

3,597
100.0

15,433
100.0

7,848
100.0

2,675
100.0

4,910
100.0

9,164
100.0

2,485
100.0

6,679
100.0

Managerial and professional speciality..........................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................
Professional specialty.....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

23.5
8.0
15.5
.2
.4
.3
4.3
5.5

23.9
8.1
15.7
.3
.6
.3
4.3
5.4

23.4
8.0
15.4
.2
.4
.3
4.3
5.5

21.4
7.4
14.0
.2
.2
.2
4.1
5.4

21.6
7.5
14.1
.2
.2
.2
4.2
5.4

20.9
7.2
13.7
.2
.2
.2
4.0
5.5

21.5
8.2
13.3
.2
.3
.2
3.1
5.6

22.0
8.5
13.5
.2
.4
.2
3.3
5.5

18.9
6.6
12.3
.2
.1
.1
3.2
5.5

22.0
8.5
13.5
.2
.3
.2
2.8
6.0

24.5
10.7
13.8
.3
.4
.3
3.2
4.9

23.8
9.7
14.1
.2
.2
.2
3.4
5.7

24.8
11.1
13.7
.4
.5
.3
3.1
4.6

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations...........................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail.................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ...................................................

47.0
3.7
2.1
.5
12.5
1.8
1.7
.5
8.4
30.8
1.0
11.7
4.6
.5

44.7
3.8
2.1
.6
12.4
2.0
2.2
.4
7.8
28.5
.8
10.9
4.6
.5

47.9
3.6
2.1
.5
12.6
1.8
1.5
.6
8.6
31.7
1.1
12.0
4.6
.5

44.9
3.3
2.2
.4
13.0
2.0
1.4
.5
9.0
28.6
1.0
10.3
4.9
.6

45.4
3.2
2.2
.5
13.4
2.0
1.4
.5
9.4
28.8
1.0
10.6
4.6
.6

43.8
3.5
2.3
.4
12.0
2.1
1.4
.4
8.1
28.3
1.0
9.9
5.6
.7

44.5
3.3
2.1
.5
13.6
2.3
1.6
.5
9.1
27.6
1.0
10.1
4.5
.4

43.8
3.2
2.1
.5
13.2
2.0
1.6
.5
9.1
27.3
1.0
10.1
4.0
.4

40.6
2.9
2.0
.4
12.1
2.4
.9
.3
8.3
25.7
.7
8.8
4.8
.4

47.7
3.5
2.2
.6
14.9
2.5
2.0
.6
9.7
29.2
1.0
10.6
5.1
.6

46.7
3.0
1.6
.6
13.3
2.1
2.0
.7
8.4
30.4
1.0
9.6
5.3
.6

46.8
3.2
1.7
.5
13.8
2.1
2.2
.6
8.8
29.7
.9
10.5
5.5
.6

46.6
3.0
1.5
.6
13.1
2.1
1.9
.7
8.2
30.6
1.1
9.2
5.2
.6

Service occupations...........................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ................................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

17.0
1.5
.5
14.9
6.2
4.0
1.9
2.8

16.6
1.3
.4
14.8
6.6
3.9
1.7
2.7

17.1
1.6
.6
14.9
6.1
4.0
2.0
2.8

20.3
1.9
.4
17.9
8.1
3.9
2.4
3.5

19.4
1.9
.5
17.1
8.1
3.6
2.3
3.0

22.2
2.0
.3
19.8
8.2
4.6
2.6
4.4

19.3
2.6
.5
16.1
6.7
3.2
2.7
3.5

18.8
2.7
.5
15.7
6.5
3.2
2.6
3.4

20.1
3.0
.6
16.5
7.0
3.6
2.4
3.6

19.6
2.4
.6
16.6
6.8
3.1
2.9
3.8

17.8
1.9
.4
15.5
6.8
2.6
2.4
3.8

19.6
1.9
.5
17.2
7.9
2.2
3.2
4.0

17.1
1.9
.4
14.9
6.3
2.7
2.1
3.8

Precision production, craft, and re p a ir...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es.........................................................................

2.1
.3
.1

2.9
.3
.1

1.8
.3
.1

2.4
.3
.1

2.5
.3
.1

2.2
.2
.2

2.4
.3
.2

2.4
.3
.2

3.0
.3
.2

2.2
.3
.3

2.8
.3
.3

2.5
.2
.3

2.9
.3
.2

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

9.9
7.8
.7
.6
1.4

11.4
9.4
.6
.4
1.5

9.3
7.1
.7
.6
1.4

9.3
6.8
.8
.7
1.7

10.1
7.4
.9
.7
1.9

7.8
5.5
.8
.7
1.5

11.1
8.5
.8
.7
1.7
.1

11.9
9.2
.8
.7
1.9
.1

15.8
13.4
.8
.6
1.6

7.2
4.8
.8
.7
1.5

6.9
4.7
.9
.7
1.4
.1

5.7
3.5
.8
.7
1.4
.1

7.3
5.1
.9
.7
1.3

1.3
.4

1.1
.3

1.5
.4

1.4
.4

1.7
.5

8.5

8.1

0

Women

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

(1)

(1)
.6
.2

0)
.4
.1

C)
.6
.3

1.6
.6

See footnotes at end of table.

14

(')

0
.9
.3

3.1
1.2

0)

0)
1.4
.5

(1)
1.3
.3

Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)

Population group and occupation
Total

New
Middle
England Atlantic

West

South

Midwest

Northeast

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

White
Total (in thousands).................................................................... 20,084
Percent...........................................................................................
100.0

5,939
100.0

14,145
100.0

24,329
100.0

16,537
100.0

7,792
100.0

29,251
100.0

14,117
100.0

5,193
100.0

9,941
100.0

18,430
100.0

5,419
100.0

13,011
100.0

Managerial and professional speciality..........................................
Executive, administrative, a
m anage rial..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

26.2
11.9
14.3
1.8
.6
.9
2.1
3.7

26.3
11.4
14.9
2.3
.7
.8
2.2
3.5

26.1
12.1
14.0
1.6
.6
.9
2.0
3.8

22.6
10.3
12.3
1.4
.4
.6
2.1
3.4

22.9
10.5
12.4
1.5
.4
.6
2.1
3.4

21.9
9.9
12.0
1.2
.3
.7
2.1
3.4

24.1
11.7
12.4
1.5
.5
.8
1.7
3.2

25.5
12.2
13.4
1.6
.7
.8
1.8
3.2

20.5
9.7
10.9
1.2
.2
.6
1.8
3.0

24.0
12.1
11.9
1.4
.4
.7
1.4
3.3

26.5
12.9
13.6
2.0
.6
.7
1.6
3.1

25.4
12.2
13.2
1.6
.4
.8
1.7
3.5

27.0
13.1
13.8
2.1
.6
.7
1.5
3.0

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations............................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ............................
Administrative support including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenogrni' era, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

32.6
3.3
1.1
1.1
12.0
3.0
2.0
1.5
5.4
17.3
.7
5.3
2.4
.9

31.0
3.2
1.1
1.1
11.4
2.8
2.2
1.4
5.0
16.3
.7
5.0
2.3
.8

33.3
3.3
1.0
1.1
12.3
3.1
1.9
1.5
5.6
17.7
.7
5.4
2.4
.9

30.1
2.9
1.1
1.0
11.9
3.0
1.8
1.5
5.6
15.4
.6
4.7
2.5
.7

30.5
2.8
1.0
1.0
12.2
2.9
1.8
1.6
5.9
15.5
.7
4.8
2.3
.6

29.3
2.9
1.1
.9
11.4
3.1
1.8
1.3
5.2
15.0
.6
4.4
2.8
.8

31.9
3.0
1.0
1.1
13.5
3.8
2.2
1.6
5.9
15.3
.6
4.8
2.4
.5

32.2
3.1
1.1
1.1
13.5
3.8
2.3
1.4
’ 5.9
15.6
.7
5.0
2.2
.5

29.5
2.4
1.1
.8
12.6
3.7
1.6
1.5
5.7
14.6
.6
4.2
2.6
.5

32.6
3.2
1.0
1.1
14.1
3.8
2.3
1.9
6.0
15.3
.7
4.8
2.6
.6

31.9
3.0
.8
1.0
13.0
3.2
2.3
1.7
5.7
15.9
.6
4.3
2.6
.7

31.5
3.3
.9
1.2
12.8
3.2
2.4
1.5
5.6
15.4
.6
4.6
2.6
.7

32.1
2.9
.8
1.0
13.1
3.2
2.3
1.7
5.8
16.1
.6
4.2
2.6
.7

Service occupations............................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service except private household and protective.....................
Food se rvice ...................................................................................
Health service ................................................................................
Cleaning and buildino service.....................................................
Personal se rvice .............................................................................

12.4
.5
1.8
10.0
4.6
1.5
2.4
1.5

12.4
.6
1.6
10.2
4.7
1.7
2.3
1.5

12.4
.5
1.9
10.0
4.6
1.4
2.4
1.5

13.3
.8
1.3
11.2
5.2
1.7
2.5
1.8

13.0
.8
1.4
10.9
5.2
1.5
2.5
1.6

14.0
.9
1.0
12.0
5.1
2.1
2.5
2.3

10.8
.7
1.6
8.6
3.8
1.2
1.8
1.8

10.9
.7
1.7
8.5
3.9
1.2
1.5
1.9

10.3
.6
1.5
8.2
3.4
1.3
1.7
1.7

11.0
.7
1.4
8.9
3.9
1.1
2.1
1.9

12.6
.8
1.4
10.3
4.7
1.2
2.3
2.1

13.6
.8
1.5
11.3
5.3
1.0
2.7
2.3

12.1
.8
1.4
9.9
4.5
1.2
2.1
2.0

n hi eduction, era and repair ...........................................
and repairer
............................................................
Constr i. son trades .........................................................................

12.0
3.9
4.1

12.8
3.7
4.4

11.7
4.0
4.0

12.3
4.3
3.6

12.5
4.4
3.5

12.1
4.3
4.0

14.2
4.8
5.6

13.8
4.7
5.5

14.8
4.9
5.0

14.4
4.7
5.9

12.4
4.1
4.6

12.8
4.2
5.3

12.2
4.0
4.3

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

15.2
7.8
3.7
2.8
3.7
.5

15.9
8.9
3.5
2.6
3.5
.5

14.8
7.3
3.8
2.9
3.8
.5

17.1
8.5
4.4
3.1
4.2
.5

18.2
9.7
4.3
3.0
4.2
.5

14.7
6.0
4.6
3.3
4.1
.6

15.4
7.0
4.4
3.0
4.0
.6

14.9
7.0
4.0
2.8
4.0
.5

19.8
10.5
5.2
3.3
4.1
.6

13.6
5.1
4.5
3.0
4.1
.8

12.7
5.1
3.7
2.7
3.9
.7

12.2
3.9
4.1
2.9
4.1
.8

12.9
5.5
3.6
2.6
3.8
.7

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

1.6
.5

1.6
.3

1.7
.6

4.5
2.6

2.8
1.3

8.1
5.3

3.7
1.6

2.7
.9

5.1
2.7

4.4
2.1

4.0
1.1

4.5
1.7

3.7
.8

Total (in thousands) ....................................................................
Percent...........................................................................................

1,834
100.0

238
100.0

1,596
100.0

1,727
100.0

1,460
100.0

267
100.0

5,575
100.0

3,299
100.0

928
100.0

1,348
100.0

975
100.0

135
100.0

841
100.0

Managerial and professional speciality ..........................................
Executive, administrative, and m anagerial..................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

15.9
6.6
9.3
.4
.3
.3
2.3
2.1

17.7
8.0
9.7
.5
.8
.3
1.6
1.8

15.6
6.4
9.2
.4
.2
.3
2.4
2.1

15.0
6.2
8.8
.4
.4
.4
1.7
2.7

15.2
6.5
8.7
.4
.4
.4
1.7
2.7

14.0
4.8
9.2
.4
.5
.5
1.4
2.3

12.5
4.8
7.8
.3
.2
.2
1.0
3.6

13.0
5.3
7.7
.3
.2
.2
1.1
3.4

12.3
4.4
7.9
.1
.2
.3
.8
3.8

11.5
3.7
7.8
.3
.1
.2
.8
3.7

17.7
9.1
8.6
1.1
.3
.4
1.1
1.9

13.3
6.3
7.0
.5
.3
.7
1.8
1.9

18.4
9.6
8.8
1.2
.3
.4
.9
1.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists an technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians........................................
Sales occupations ...........................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................

31.3
3.2
1.6
.7
5.6
.9
.8
.4
3.5
22.5
1.2
5.1
1.9

27.4
5.2
2.4
1.5
4.9
1.4
.6
.2
2.6
17.3
1.1
4.2
1.3

31.9
2.9
1.4
.6
5.7
.8
.8
.4
3.7
23.2
1.2
5.2
2.0

27.7
2.6
1.7
.6
7.0
1.3
.9
.3
4.4
18.1
1.1
4.2
1.5

27.5
2.8
1.7
.6
7.1
1.3
1.0
.2
4.5
17.6
1.1
3.9
1.4

28.7
1.9
1.3
.5
6.3
1.7
.3
.6
3.7
20.5
1.2
5.4
1.9

21.3
2.3
1.3
.6
5.8
1.0
.4
.2
4.2
13.2
.6
3.2
.8

21.4
2.2
1.2
.5
5.8
.8
.5
.1
4.3
13.4
.7
3.2
.8

16.0
2.0
1.2
.5
3.9
.6
.1
.2
3.0
10.1
.2
2.3
.6

24.5
2.7
1.7
.7
7.1
1.5
.5
.3
4.7
14.8
.7
3.5
.9

36.3
3.2
1.6
.8
8.3
1.5
.9
.3
5.5
24.8
1.5
4.8
1.5

33.0
5.8
2.8
2.0
7.5
.2
1.3
0
5.7
19.7
1.7
4.8
.7

36.8
2.8
1.4
.6
8.4
1.7
.9
.4
5.5
25.6
1.4
4.8
1.6

Black

See footnotes at end of table.

15

Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total

Midwest

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

South

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

West

East
South
South
Atlantic
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

Black—Continued
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

2.2

1.5

2.3

1.8

2.0

0.6

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.3

2.4

1.7

2.5

Service occupations............................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service ................................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

24.1
2.4
3.2
18.5
3.7
6.8
5.7
2.4

21.7
1.9
2.8
16.9
4.1
5.2
4.9
2.7

24.5
2.5
3.3
18.7
3.6
7.0
5.8
2.3

23.6
1.8
2.1
19.7
5.6
4.4
7.5
2.2

22.5
1.6
2.4
18.5
5.2
4.3
6.9
2.2

29.4
2.4
1.0
26.0
8.3
4.9
10.8
2.0

25.4
3.8
2.2
19.4
6.8
3.5
7.1
2.0

24.6
3.5
2.2
18.9
6.4
3.3
7.4
1.9

26.4
5.3
1.5
19.5
7.5
4.1
5.9
1.9

26.9
3.7
2.6
20.6
7.3
3.7
7.2
2.4

21.4
1.3
3.6
16.5
5.3
2.6
5.6
3.0

27.8
.2
2.2
25.3
10.4
2.5
8.0
4.4

20.4
1.4
3.8
15.1
4.5
2.6
5.2
2.8

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es..........................................................................

8.6
2.8
2.5

9.7
2.5
2.3

8.4
2.8
2.5

8.7
3.4
1.8

8.9
3.7
1.7

7.6
2.0
2.5

9.7
3.0
3.8

9.4
2.8
3.9

9.4
3.1
2.9

10.7
3.4
4.3

9.3
3.0
2.6

11.1
3.4
2.0

9.0
3.0
2.7

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers...............
Construction laborers...................................................................

19.8
10.1
5.0
4.3
4.7
1.0

22.8
15.7
3.7
3.1
3.4
.6

19.4
9.3
5.2
4.5
4.9
1.1

24.5
13.0
6.1
4.0
5.3
.6

25.5
13.9
6.5
4.2
5.1
.6

18.8
8.4
3.9
2.8
6.5
.5

26.6
12.0
6.8
5.1
7.8
1.3

26.6
12.4
6.6
5.1
7.6
1.1

31.5
16.8
6.2
4.0
8.4
1.2

23.2
7.7
7.5
5.9
8.0
1.7

14.4
5.4
5.0
4.0
4.0
.6

14.4
3.8
5.0
2.8
5.6
1.3

14.4
5.6
5.0
4.2
3.8
.5

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and managers......................................................

.4
(1
)
2

1.6

0

4.5
.3

5.1
.2

4.5
.7

3.2
.1

.8

.3
0

.5
0

O

.3
0

.9
0

.4
0

.9
0

Hispanic origin
Total (in thousands)....................................................................
Percent...........................................................................................

882
100.0

81
100.0

801
100.0

421
100.0

338
100.0

84
100.0

1,931
100.0

557
100.0

0
0

Managerial and professional speciality ..........................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................
Professional specialty.....................................................................
Engineers........................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists.....................................
Health diagnosing occupations...................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations..........................
Teachers, except college and university..................................

12.7
6.9
5.8
.5
.3
.7
.9
1.4

12.4
4.0
8.5
.7

12.7
7.2
5.6
.5
.3
.7
1.0
1.4

12.4
5.0
7.4
.4
.5
1.2
.3
2.1

11.5
4.7
6.8
.3
.3
1.2
.3
2.1

16.3
6.3
10.0
.6
1.1
1.2
.5
2.3

14.0
7.1
6.8
.7
.2
.6
1.0
2.0

20.5
9.7
10.8
1.1
.1
1.5
2.1
2.3

Technical, sales, and administrative support.................................
Technicians and related support...................................................
Health technologists and technicians.......................................
Engineering and science technicians.........................................
Sales occupations............................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services..........
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail..................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ............................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................
Computer equipment operators..................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ...................................
Financial records processing ......................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................

28.3
2.2
1.0
.5
7.4
2.1
.7
.5
4.1
18.7
1.0
4.5
1.9
1.2

22.5
.9
.7
5.6
.5
.6
.2
4.2
16.0
<)
1
3.1
1.6
.8

28.9
2.3
1.0
.5
7.6
2.3
.7
.5
4.1
19.0
1.1
4.6
1.9
1.3

21.6
1.5
.6
.5
6.4
1.2
.6
.6
4.0
13.6
.6
4.3
1.5
.4

22.1
1.6
.7
.4
6.3
1.0
.6
.5
4.2
14.1
.8
4.7
1.6
.5

19.7
1.4
.4
.6
6.7
2.0
.8
.9
3.0
11.6
.1
3.0
.9
(1)

27.5
2.0
.8
.7
10.9
2.6
.9
.7
6.7
14.6
.8
3.9
1.5
.6

Service occupations............................................................................
Private household.............................................................................
Protective service.............................................................................
Service, except private household and protective.....................
Food service...................................................................................
Health service................................................................................
Cleaning and building service.....................................................
Personal service.............................................................................

19.5
.8
1.8
16.8
6.4
2.1
6.1
2.2

16.8
.9
1.6
14.3
5.1
2.7
4.8
1.7

19.8
.8
1.9
17.1
6.6
2.0
6.2
2.3

17.4
.9
1.1
15.4
7.9
1.1
4.0
2.5

17.4
.6
1.2
15.6
7.9
1.2
3.9
2.6

17.3
2.1
.9
14.3
7.6
.5
4.1
2.0

Precision production, craft, and re p a ir...........................................
Mechanics and repairers................................................................
Construction tra d es..........................................................................

11.3
3.7
2.4

16.5
4.4
3.4

10.8
3.7
2.3

13.0
5.1
2.9

12.3
5.3
2.1

Operators, fabricators, and laborers................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................
Transportation and material moving occupations......................
Motor vehicle operators...............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..............
Construction laborers...................................................................

27.3
18.2
4.5
3.6
4.5
.3

31.2
22.6
4.3
2.2
4.3
.5

26.9
17.8
4.5
3.7
4.6
.3

33.0
21.8
3.7
3.0
7.5
.7

Farming, forestry, and fishing...........................................................
Farm operators and m anagers......................................................

.9

(1
)

2.6
.3

O

1.2
(1)
1.9

0

.9

.6
(1
)

(1)

1 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.

1,355
100.0

2,428
100.0

560
100.0

1,869
100.0

(*)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

11.2
6.1
5.2
.6
.2
.2
.6
1.9

10.2
5.6
4.6
.6
.1
.3
.5
1.1

11.7
6.3
5.4
.7
.2
.3
.5
1.1

9.7
5.3
4.4
.6
.1
.3
.5
1.1

31.9
1.7
.6
.6
12.7
2.9
1.5
1.4
6.9
17.6
1.2
4.5
2.0
.8

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

25.4
2.0
.9
.7
10.1
2.5
.5
.5
6.5
13.4
.6
3.6
1.3
.5

24.3
2.3
.6
1.1
8.2
1.9
.9
.8
4.7
13.9
.7
3.5
1.4
.5

25.7
2.6
.5
1.4
9.1
2.1
1.2
.9
4.8
14.1
.7
4.2
1.6
.8

23.9
2.2
.6
1.1
7.9
1.8
.8
.7
4.6
13.8
.7
3.3
1.3
.5

16.5
1.9
.9
13.7
5.7
1.5
4.3
2.1

14.8
1.7
.9
12.1
5.2
1.0
3.1
2.7

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

17.3
1.9
.9
14.4
6.0
1.7
4.9
1.9

17.7
1.8
1.4
14.5
6.3
1.5
4.7
2.0

19.7
1.4
2.2
16.1
6.1
1.0
6.0
3.0

17.1
1.9
1.2
14.0
6.4
1.6
4.3
1.7

15.9
4.5
6.0

16.1
4.8
6.7

12.6
4.4
4.3

0
0
0

17.7
5.0
7.8

14.1
4.0
4.0

14.0
3.8
5.4

14.1
4.1
3.7

34.3
23.2
3.2
2.5
7.9
.5

27.7
16.0
5.7
4.8
6.0
1.1

21.0
8.7
4.7
3.5
7.6
1.6

18.7
8.7
3.7
3.3
6.3
.4

0
0
0
0
0
0

22.2
8.9
5.2
3.7
8.2
2.2

25.0
13.8
4.4
3.0
6.8
1.3

20.8
8.4
4.9
3.2
7.5
1.7

26.2
15.4
4.2
2.9
6.6
1.1

2.4
.2

3.2
.6

4.8
.1

1.5
.3

0
0

6.1
.1

8.8
.4

8.1
.8

9.0
.3

NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because
of rounding. Detail for race and Hiapanic-origin groups will not add to totals because
data for the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups.

16

Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural
wage and salary workers, excluding private household workers, by industry, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and industry
Total

New
Middle
England Atlantic

West

South

Midwest

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

21,236

15,342

5,894

27,073

13,469

4,743

8,860

15,985

4,208

11,777

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
T o ta l...............................................................................................

18,381

5,125

ft

13,256

Mining....................................................................................................

77

71

140

93

598

106

79

413

215

151

P)

Construction.........................................................................................

1,018

283

735

1,153

793

359

2,361

1,109

336

915

1,161

406

755

Manufacturing......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.2 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goo ds............................................................................
Food and Kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products.....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products .............................................................
Paper and allied products ..................................................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products..........................

5,318
3,143
78
83
146
240
324
772
648
382
140

1,704
1,124
(3)

3,614
2,018

6,523
4,305
106
129
183
408
524
971
636
1,073
862

5,082
3,465

1,441
841

P)

P)
P)
P)
P)

6,657
3,303
337
288
213
229
364
570
594
496
211

3,361
1,518
155
152
95
102
144
224
305
237
86

1,572
810
97
94

1,724
975
85

651
439
39

2,965
2,015
165
77

67
102
111
133
123
80

P)

3,616
2,454
204
86
89
92
192
463
542
556
62

322
2,175
324
149
388
201
467
352
154

119
580
63
52
62
79
126
70
67

203
1,596
262
97
326
122
341
282
87

178
2,218
564

128
1,617
361

ft

P)
77
169
368
272
260

761
119
86
226

749
213

127
201
520
338
319

152
67
60

74
1,843
278
511
338
113
218
195
112

P)

P)

146
3,354
610
620
664
203
423
401
232

Transportation, communications, and public utilities ...........................
Transportation .................................................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities................................................

1,286
717
569

287
154
133

998
562
436

1,498
886
612

1,009
583
426

488
303
186

2,013
1,069
943

993
523
470

352
193
159

667
353
314

1,171

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e ................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

4,321
793
3,528

1,146
193
952

3,176
600
2,575

5,596
1,058
4,538

3,916
693
3,223

1,679
365
1,315

7,279
1,391
5,888

3,630
640
2,989

1,192
230
962

Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

1,594
4,766
2,987
529
1,535

408
1,291
864
176
444

1,186
3,475
2,123
353
1,091

1,410
4,917
3,175
378
1,852

983
3,465
2,210
268
1,281

427
1,452
965
110
571

1,925
6,241
3,717
474
1,912

1,003
3,268
1,904
262
957

1,199

244

955

1,775

1,379

396

1,937

847

P)
P)
P)
116
299
248
157

P)

P)
P)
117
205
209
473
400
225
125

102
150
367
425
735
494
925
798

P)

99
235
142
147
64

P)
600
203

P)

ft

P)

P)

P)
78

P)

117
236
156
137

P)

P)

P)

100

152
68
301
114
78

f t

83
81
70

166
1,162
369

122
124

P)

ft

ft

P)
P)
107
91
66

P)

69
157
356
451
490
ft

ft
211
72

P)

135
951
297
ft

135

f t

ft

P)

73

228
99

ft
ft

P)

504

329
174
156

841
493
348

2,458
520
1,937

4,305
841
3,464

1,170
215
955

3,136
626
2,509

261
951
602
71
344

661
2,022
1,211
141
611

1,332
4,185
2,218
248
1,138

348
1,153
580
64
292

984
3,032
1,638
185
845

456

632

1,232

278

955

f t

AAo
ooA

UNEMPLOYED
T o ta l...............................................................................................
Mining....................................................................................................

8

Construction.........................................................................................

137

Manufacturing......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures ...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.2 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goo ds............................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products.....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products.............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ..........................

353
200
7
7
10
38
27
33
34
21
12
13
153
23
14
47
10
22
11
11

5
35
6
4
4
3
4
2
5

8
118
17
10
43
7
18
9
6

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

71
57
15

10
7
4

61
50
11

97
78
19

Wholesale and retail tra d e ............................... .................................
Wholesale tra d e................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

309
45
264

57
8
49

252
37
215

477
57
419

29
81
46

P)
P)
P)
P)
7
10
8
3

P)

P)

56

20

11

25

22

17

ft

51

293

109

67

118

177

49

128

447
310

103
58

P)
P)

480
220
29
20
19
19
32
23
30
33
17

213
86
13
10
8
6
12
8
14
9
5

145
74
10
8

121
61
6

272
168
24
13
9
12
16
24
30
24
6

34
23

P)

238
145
20
12

11
5
3

12
259
63
53
68
7
19
17
14

5
127
21
46
27
3
10
8
6

70
56
14

27
22
5

96
66
29

44
29
15

20
16
4

32
22
9

66
50
16

15
11
5

51
39
12

360
37
323

116
20
96

576
63
513

252
24
228

130
15
114

195
24
171

347
58
289

78
9
69

269
49
220

7

17

11

108

210

159

272
153

550
368
14
16
20
47
54
73
49
69
56

ft

P)
P)
9
35
20
23
26
18
11

14
17
43
46
55
43
62
52

ft
ft
8
18
6
8
5

12
183
59

11
138
43

P)

P)

P)

P)
P)
P)

18
15
28
22
28

See footnotes at end of table.

17

12
12
17
17
25

45
16

P)

P)
6

6
13
3
11
15
10

P)

71
19
7
26

P)
8
12
4
9

P)
P)

61
23

ft

P)

14

P)

ft
4
3
3

10
104
50

5
6

P)

14
6
15
7
6

4

P)

P)

ft
ft

9
15
19
26
21

P)
4
3
2

P)

P)
9
93
46

ft
11
4

ft
ft

P)
11

ft

P)
13
6

2

ft

ft

ft

Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural
wage and salary workers, excluding private household workers, by industry, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and industry
Total

Midwest

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

West

South

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

UNEMPLOYED—Continued

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

55
266
118
24
54

12
55
26
6
13

44
211
92
18
41

60
365
156
14
93

48
284
120
10
69

13
80
36
3
25

59
377
159
16
90

31
178
69
7
36

9
76
33
4
21

19
123
58
5
33

57
291
105
9
55

15
70
25
3
11

42
221
80
6
45

6.5

4.8

7.2

8.4

9.0

6.7

7.2

6.3

9.6

7.1

7.7

6.6

8.1

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
T o ta l...............................................................................................

Mining...........................................................................................

10.3

ft

10.5

12.0

11.5

ft

9.4

19.1

14.1

6.0

10.4

11.4

ft

Construction.........................................................................................

13.4

10.2

14.7

18.2

20.0

14.2

12.4

9.8

19.8

12.8

15.3

12.1

17.0

Manufacturing ......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.2 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goods...........................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products.....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products.............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products..........................

6.6
6.3
9.4
8.8
6.9
15.7
8.2
4.3
5.2
5.4
8.3

7.5
7.6

7.1
6.9

13.7
11.5
11.8
10.9
7.5
8.8
6.6
6.5

ft
ft
ft
8.3
7.5
4.1
5.4
7.3

7.2
6.7
8.7
7.1
8.7
8.4
8.8
4.0
5.0
6.6
8.2

6.4
5.7
8.7
6.4
6.4
5.9
8.0
3.6
4.5
3.9
5.8

9.2
9.1
10.0
8.8
ft
8.8
12.4
2.7
8.6
11.8
13.0

7.0
6.2
7.1

ft
7.9
17.1
9.4
4.9
6.5
7.9
8.6

8.4
8.5
13.0
12.4
10.7
11.4
10.4
7.5
7.7
6.5
6.5

7.7
ft
6.7
4.9
2.7
6.8
ft

7.5
6.8
11.7
14.7
10.5
13.6
8.5
5.2
5.5
4.3
9.6

5.2
5.2
10.1
ft
ft

8.0
7.2
12.1
15.6
ft
13.3
9.4
5.5
5.8
4.3
ft

3.9
7.0
7.0
9.4
12.1
4.8
4.7
3.0
7.2

3.8
6.0
9.4
8.0
7.2
3.4
3.3
2.4
7.3

4.0
7.4
6.4
10.2
13.1
5.7
5.2
3.2
7.1

7.0
8.2
10.4
ft
12.2
7.4
5.3
6.4
8.9

8.3
8.5
11.8
ft
15.3
7.4
4.5
6.2
9.7

ft
7.5
7.8
ft
ft
ft
7.4
7.2
5.1

8.2
7.7
10.3
8.6
10.2
3.6
4.5
4.2
5.9

7.1
6.9
7.4
9.0
8.1
2.2
4.4
4.1
5.8

ft
9.3
16.0
8.4
11.6
ft
5.2
3.9
4.9

ft
8.1
11.0
ft
14.0
ft
4.1
4.7
ft

5.9
8.9
13.6
ft
8.9
9.4
5.0
6.5
7.6

ft
5.2
5.1
ft
ft
ft
2.9
ft
ft

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

5.5
7.9
2.6

3.6
4.4
2.7

6.1
8.9
2.5

6.5
8.8
3.0

6.9
9.6
3.3

5.5
7.4
2.4

4.8
6.2
3.1

4.4
5.5
3.3

5.7
8.0
2.8

4.8
6.3
3.0

5.6
7.5
3.2

4.6
6.1
2.9

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

7.2
5.7
7.5

5.0
4.0
5.2

7.9
6.2
8.3

8.5
5.4
9.2

9.2
5.4
10.0

6.9
5.4
7.3

7.9
4.5
8.7

6.9
3.8
7.6

10.9
6.7
11.9

7.9
4.6
8.8

8.1
6.9
8.4

6.7
4.0
7.3

8.6
7.9
8.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services ......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

3.5
5.6
3.9
4.4
3.5

2.8
4.3
3.0
3.3
2.9

3.7
6.1
4.3
5.0
3.7

4.3
7.4
4.9
3.6
5.0

4.9
8.2
5.4
3.8
5.4

3.0
5.5
3.6
3.1
4.3

3.1
6.0
4.3
3.3
4.7

3.1
5.4
3.6
2.7
3.8

3.6
8.0
5.5
5.1
6.0

2.9
6.1
4.8
3.7
5.4

4.3
6.9
4.7
3.5
4.9

4.2
6.1
4.3
4.5
3.7

4.3
7.3
4.9
3.2
5.3

4.8
4.1
(3)
ft
ft
(3)
6.0
3.4
3.1
1.8

ft

ft

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Includes toys, amusement, and sporting goods.
3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet 8LS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See

8.8
8.9

ft

ft

ft

‘

ft
ft

4.2
3.8
3.5
ft

6.4
9.8
15.6
ft
8.2
ft
5.6
6.5
ft
'

6.1
8.0
3.4

appendix B.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding,

18

Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Civilian employment of private nonagricuitural wage and salary workers, excluding
private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Northeast
Population group and industry
Total

New
Middle
England Atlantic

West

South

Midwest

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

TOTAL
Total (in thousands).................................................................... 17,102
Percent...........................................................................................
100.0
Mining....................................................................................................

.4

4,881
100.0

12,301
100.0

19,461
100.0

13,963
100.0

5,498
100.0

25,136
100.0

12,622
100.0

4,286
100.0

8,228
100.0

14,753
100.0

3,930
100.0

10,822
100.0

.1

.5

.6

.6

.8

2.2

.7

1.6

4.7

1.3

3.4

.5

Construction.......................'.................................................................

5.1

5.2

5.1

4.8

4.5

5.6

8.2

7.9

6.3

9.7

6.7

9.1

5.8

Manufacturing......................................................................................
Curable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products .................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products............................................. .............
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.1 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goo ds...........................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products .....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products.............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ..........................

28.9
17.1
.4
.4
1.2
1.7
4.3
3.6
2.1
.7

33.3
22.1
.7
.3
.6
.7
2.2
5.9
4.9
3.2
.3

27.2
15.2
.3
.5
.9
1.4
1.5
3.7
3.0
1.7
.9

30.7
20.2
.5
.6
.8
1.9
2.4
4.6
3.0
5.2
4.1

33.2
22.6
.4
.6
1.0
2.3
2.7
4.9
3.2
6.2
5.3

24.3
14.2
.7
.5
.5
.7
1.7
4.0
2.5
2.5
1.1

24.6
12.3
1.2
1.1
.8
.8
1.3
2.2
2.2
1.8
.8

24.9
11.3
1.1
1.1
.7
.8
1.0
1.7
2.3
1.8
.6

33.3
17.2
2.0
2.0
.8
1.4
2.1
2.5
2.8
2.5
1.6

19.5
11.1
1.0
.5
.9
.6
1.3
2.7
1.8
1.5
.5

22.7
15.5
1.2
.5
.5
.5
1.2
3.0
3.5
3.6
.4

15.7
10.6
.9
.2
.6
.5
.9
2.6
2.2
1.6
.2

25.2
17.3
1.3
.6
.5
.6
1.3
3.1
3.9
4.3
.4

1.8
11.8
1.8
.8
2.0
1.1
2.6
2.0
.8

2.3
11.2
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.6
2.5
1.4
1.3

1.6
12.0
2.0
.7
2.3
.9
2.6
2.2
.7

.9
10.5
2.6
.2
.6
1.0
2.5
1.6
1.5

.8
10.6
2.3
.2
.5
1.1
2.5
1.8
1.7

.9
10.1
3.4
.1
.8
.5
2.6
1.1
1.0

.5
12.3
2.2
2.3
2.4
.8
1.6
1.5
.9

.5
13.6
2.0
3.7
2.5
.9
1.7
1.5
.8

.6
16.1
2.3
1.8
4.7
1.1
1.8
1.8
1.6

.5
8.4
2.3
.3
1.0
.4
1.4
1.4
.6

1.1
7.2
2.2
.1
.9
.4
1.9
.7
.5

.8
5.1
1.7
.1
.4
.1
1.8
.4
.3

1.2
7.9
2.3
.2
1.1
.5
2.0
.9
.6

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

7.1
3.8
3.2

5.7
3.0
2.6

7.6
4.2
3.5

7.2
4.1
3.0

6.7
3.8
2.9

8.4
5.1
3.3

7.6
4.0
3.6

7.5
3.9
3.6

7.7
4.1
3.6

7.7
4.0
3.7

7.5
4.2
3.3

8.0
4.2
3.9

7.3
4.2
3.1

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e ................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

23.4
4.4
19.0

22.3
3.8
18.5

23.8
4.6
19.2

26.3
5.1
21.2

25.5
4.7
20.8

28.4
6.3
22.2

26.7
5.3
21.4

26.8
4.9
21.9

24.8
5.0
19.8

27.5
6.0
21.5

26.8
5.3
21.5

27.8
5.3
22.5

26.5
5.3
21.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

9.0
26.2
16.7
2.9
8.6

8.1
25.3
17.2
3.5
8.8

9.3
26.5
16.5
2.7
8.5

6.9
23.4
15.5
1.9
9.0

6.7
22.8
15.0
1.8
8.7

7.5
24.9
16.9
1.9
9.9

7.4
23.3
14.2
1.8
7.2

7.7
24.5
14.5
2.0
7.3

5.9
20.4
13.3
1.6
7.6

7.8
23.1
14.0
1.7
7.0

8.6
26.4
14.3
1.6
7.3

8.5
27.5
14.1
1.6
7.2

8.7
26.0
14.4
1.6
7.4

Total (in thousands)....................................................................
Percent..................................... :....................................................

9,637
100.0

2,675
100.0

6,961
100.0

11,024
100.0

7,992
100.0

3,032
100.0

14,245
100.0

7,043
100.0

2,424
100.0

4,778
100.0

8,333
100.0

2,234
100.0

6,099
100.0

Mining....................................................................................................

.6

.2

.8

1.0

.9

1.2

3.0

1.1

2.6

6.0

2.0

5.1

.8

.8

Men

Construction.........................................................................................

8.4

8.8

8.3

7.7

7.1

9.2

13.4

13.0

10.3

15.4

10.8

14.4

9.2

Manufacturing ......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures.......................................... .......................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal Industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.1 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goo ds............................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products.....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products..........................

34.0
21.9

31.9
19.7
.4
.7
1.1
2.2
2.1
5.0
3.3
2.5
1.4

38.8
27.0
.7
.7
1.2
2.9
3.3
8.5
2.9
7.5
6.1

42.0
30.1
.5

30.2
18.9
1.0
.7
.8
1.1
2.3
5.5
2.3
4.0
1.7

27.6
15.7
1.8
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.8
2.9
2.2
2.6
1.0

27.6
14.7
1.7
1.4
1.0
1.2
1.5
2.3
2.3
2.6
.9

36.6
22.3
3.2
2.5
1.2
2.2
2.8
3.8
2.5
3.4
2.1

23.1
13.9
1.3
1.2
.9
1.8
3.4
1.9
2.1
.7

27.3
19.7
2.0
.7
.7
.8
1.6
3.9
3.5
4.9
.5

18.6
13.3
1.5
.2
.9
.8
1.3
3.2
2.2
2.2
.3

30.4
22.0
2.2

.6
1.0
1.8
2.3
5.8
3.8
3.2
1.1

39.6
27.5
1.0
.5
.7
1.0
2.8
7.7
5.0
4.9
.4

2.0
12.2
2.3
.8
.9
1.5
2.8
2.3
1.0

2.6
12.1
1.5
1.2
.4
2.2
2.8
1.8
1.3

1.7
12.2
2.6
.7
1.0
1.2
2.7
2.4
.8

.9
11.7
3.3
.1
.2
1.3
2.7
2.0
1.6

.8
11.9
2.8
.2
.2
1.4
2.7
2.2
1.8

.9
11.3
4.5

.5
12.9
2.4
3.3
.7
1.3
1.8
1.9
1.0

.5
14.3
2.7
1.6
1.2
1.6
1.9
2.5
1.9

.5
9.3
2.9
.2
.4
.6
1.4
1.9
.8

1.1
7.6
2.6
.1
.5
.6
2.0
.8
.5

.7
5.3
2.1

.3
.7
2.6
1.4
1.2

.5
11.9
2.6
2.0
.6
1.1
1.7
2.0
1.1

.1
.1
1.0
.4
.3

1.3
8.4
2.8
.2
.6
.7
2.0
1.0
.6

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

9.1
5.3
3.8

7.3
4.3
3.0

9.6
5.6
4.1

9.5
5.8
3.6

8.7
5.2
3.5

11.4
7.4
4.0

9.8
5.6
4.1

9.7
5.5
4.1

10.4
6.2
4.2

9.6
5.4
4.2

9.1
5.4
3.7

10.0
5.5
4.4

8.8
5.4
3.5

.8

See footnotes at end of table.

19

.6
1.3
3.6
3.7
6.9
3.1
8.9
7.7

(*)

.6

(9)

.8
.7
.8
1.8
4.2
4.0
5.9
.6

Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Civilian employment of private nonagricultural wage and salary workers, excluding
private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Northeast
Population group and industry
Total

South

Midwest

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

West

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

Men—Continued

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e ................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

21.9
5.5
16.4

20.6
5.0
15.6

22.4
5.7
16.7

23.6
6.6
17.0

22.1
5.5
16.3

27.3
8.5
18.8

24.7
6.9
17.8

25.0
6.4
18.7

22.9
6.7
16.3

25.1
7.8
17.3

25.5
6.6
18.9

25.3
6.7
18.6

25.6
6.5
19.0

Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ................................................
Services, excluding private households .........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

6.9
19.0
9.4
2.1
3.2

5.6
18.1
9.7
2.8
3.1

7.4
19.4
9.3
1.8
3.2

4.6
15.0
7.5
1.2
2.7

4.4
14.8
7.3
1.2
2.6

5.2
15.5
7.9
1.3
2.9

5.2
16.3
7.6
1.2
2.4

5.7
17.8
8.2
1.5
2.5

4.3
12.9
6.6
.9
2.1

5.0
15.7
7.1
.9
2.5

5.7
19.8
8.2
1.0
2.9

5.9
20.8
8.3
1.0
2.9

5.6
19.5
8.2
1.0
2.9

7,545
100.0

2,206
100.0

5,340
100.0

8,437
100.0

5,971
100.0

2,467
100.0

10,891
100.0

5,579
100.0

1,862
100.0

3,450
100.0

6,420
100.0

1,696
100.0

4,724
100.0

.2

.1

1.0

.1

.2

2.9

.4

1.2

.1

Women
Total (in thousands)....................................................................
Percent...........................................................................................
Mining....................................................................................................

.1

.1

.1

.2

Construction.........................................................................................

.9

.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.5

1.5

1.1

1.8

1.6

2.1

1.4

Manufacturing ......................................................................................
Durable goods..................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.1 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable g oo ds...........................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products .....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ..........................

22.3
11.1
.2
.2
.5
.3
1.0
2.4
3.3
.3

25.6
15.6
.3
.2
.4
.3
1.5
3.8
4.8
1.1
.2

21.0
9.2
.1
.2
.6
.4
.8
1.9
2.6
.6
.4

20.1
11.4
.2
.4
.4
.5
1.3
2.2
3.1
2.0
1.6

21.4
12.5
.2
.5
.5
.6
1.4
2.2
3.3
2.5
2.1

17.2
8.5
.3
.2
.2
.2
.9
2.1
2.6
.8
.3

20.6
7.8
.4
.8
.4
.3
.7
1.2
2.3
.9
.4

21.6
7.1
.4
.8
.3
.2
.5
1.0
2.3
.8
.3

29.0
10.5
.5
1.4
.3
.5
1.1
.9
3.3
1.4
1.0

14.4
7.3
.4
.3
.5
.3
.7
1.8
1.8
.8
.3

16.7
10.1
.2
.3
.3
.2
.6
1.7
3.4
1.9
.2

11.9
7.1
.2
.2
.2
.1
.3
1.8
2.3
.8
.1

18.4
11.1
.2
.3
.3
.2
.8
1.7
3.8
2.3
.2

1.6
11.2
1.1
.7
3.4
.6
2.4
1.6
.7

2.0
10.0
.8
.7
2.1
.8
2.1
.9
1.3

1.4
11.7
1.3
.7
3.9
.5
2.5
1.9
.4

.9
8.8
1.7
.2
1.0
.6
2.3
1.2
1.3

.9
8.8
1.5
.2
.8
.7
2.2
1.3
1.5

.8
8.6
2.0
.1
1.5
.3
2.5
.8
.8

.6
12.8
1.6
2.6
4.6
.4
1.5
.9
.6

.6
14.4
1.6
4.1
4.7
.4
1.4
1.0
.6

.7
18.5
1.8
2.2
9.2
.5
1.7
1.0
1.1

.5
7.1
1.5
.3
2.0
.3
1.4
.8
.2

1.0
6.7
1.6
.1
1.6
.2
1.9
.6
.4

.9
4.8
1.3
.1
.7
.1
1.9
.3
.2

1.0
7.3
1.7
.1
1.9
.3
1.9
.7
.5

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

4.5
2.0
2.5

3.8
1.5
2.3

4.8
2.3
2.6

4.2
1.9
2.3

4.1
1.8
2.3

4.7
2.3
2.4

4.8
1.9
3.0

4.8
1.9
3.0

4.3
1.4
2.9

5.1
2.1
3.0

5.3
2.6
2.8

5.4
2.3
3.1

5.3
2.7
2.7

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e ...............................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

25.2
2.9
22.3

24.4
2.3
22.1

25.5
3.1
22.4

29.9
3.2
26.7

29.9
3.1
26.8

29.9
3.5
26.3

29.2
3.2
26.1

28.9
3.0
25.9

27.2
2.9
24.4

30.8
3.6
27.2

28.6
3.7
24.9

31.0
3.4
27.6

27.7
3.8
23.9

Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

11.5
35.4
26.0
4.0
15.5

11.2
34.1
26.2
4.3
15.7

11.7
35.9
25.9
3.9
15.5

10.0
34.4
26.0
2.7
17.3

9.8
33.5
25.2
2.7
16.8

10.4
36.6
27.9
2.7
18.6

10.3
32.6
22.8
2.6
13.5

10.2
32.9
22.5
2.7
13.4

8.0
30.2
21.9
2.4
14.6

11.7
33.3
23.6
2.6
13.2

12.4
34.9
22.3
2.4
13.1

11.9
36.5
21.8
2.2
12.8

12.7
34.3
22.4
2.4
13.3

Total (in thousands).................................................................... 15,534
Percent...........................................................................................
100.0

4,643
100.0

10,890
100.0

17,976
100.0

12,726
100.0

5,251
100.0

21,107
100.0

10,324
100.0

3,662
100.0

7,121
100.0

12,989
100.0

3,731
100.0

9,258
100.0

.8

White

Mining....................................................................................................

.4

.1

.6

.7

.6

.8

2.4

.8

1.7

5.1

1.4

3.5

.6

Construction.........................................................................................

5.3

5.3

5.3

5.1

4.8

5.7

8.7

8.4

6.7

10.1

7.1

9.2

6.3

Manufacturing......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products .................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................

29.2
17.4
.4
.4
.8
1.2
1.0
4.4
3.6
2.1
.7

33.2
21.8
.8
.3
.6
.7
2.2
5.9
4.8
3.0
.3

27.5
15.5
.3
.5
.9
1.5
1.6
3.8
3.1
1.6
.9

30.4
19.8
.5
.6
.9
1.8
2.4
4.8
2.9
4.8
3.8

32.9
22.2
.4
.7
1.0
2.2
2.7
5.1
3.1
5.7
4.9

24.3
14.2
.7
.4
.6
.7
1.6
4.0
2.5
2.4
1.0

23.5
12.0
1.0
1.1
.7
.8
1.3
2.2
2.2
1.8
.7

23.5
11.0
.9
1.2
.6
.8
1.0
1.8
2.2
1.7
.5

32.3
16.9
1.5
2.1
.7
1.5
2.2
2.5
2.9
2.5
1.6

18.9
11.0
.9
.5
.8
.6
1.3
2.8
1.8
1.6
.5

22.4
15.3
1.3
.5
.6
.6
1.2
3.0
3.2
3.6
.4

15.5
10.5
.9
.2
.6
.5
.9
2.6
2.2
1.7
.2

25.2
17.3
1.5
.6
.6
.6
1.4
3.2
3.6
4.4
.5

See footnotes at end of table.

20

Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Civilian employment of private nonagricultural wage and salary workers, excluding
private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Northeast
Population group and industry
Total

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

West

South

Midwest
East
North
Central

West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

White— Continued
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.1 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goo ds............................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products.....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products.............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ..........................

1.8
11.8
1.8
.8
1.9
1.2
2.6
2.0
.8

2.3
11.4
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.6
2.6
1.4
1.3

1.6
12.0
2.0
.7
2.1
1.0
2.7
2.3
.7

0.8
10.6
2.6
.2
.6
1.0
2.6
1.6
1.6

0.8
10.7
2.3
.2
.4
1.1
2.6
1.8
1.8

0.9
10.1
3.4
.1
.8
.6
2.6
1.1
1.0

0.6
11.5
1.9
2.0
2.2
.7
1.7
1.5
.9

0.6
12.5
1.8
3.4
2.1
.8
1.7
1.5
.8

0.6
15.4
1.9
1.6
4.7
1.0
2.0
1.7
1.6

0.5
7.9
2.1
.3
1.0
.4
1.4
1.3
.6

1.0
7.1
2.1
.1
.8
.4
2.0
.7
.5

0.7
5.0
1.7
.1
.3
.1
1.9
.4
.3

1.1
8.0
2.3
.2
.9
.6
2.1
.9
.6

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

6.9
3.8
3.2

5.6
2.9
2.6

7.5
4.1
3.4

7.1
4.1
3.0

6.6
3.7
2.8

8.4
5.1
3.3

7.7
4.0
3.7

7.6
3.8
3.8

8.0
4.4
3.6

7.8
4.1
3.7

7.3
4.1
3.2

8.0
4.2
3.9

7.0
4.1
3.0

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e ................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

23.8
4.5
19.4

22.5
3.8
18.8

24.4
4.7
19.7

26.8
5.3
21.5

26.1
4.9
21.2

28.6
6.4
22.2

27.0
5.6
21.4

27.3
5.3
22.0

25.1
5.2
19.9

27.6
6.4
21.2

27.1
5.5
21.6

27.9
5.4
22.5

26.7
5.5
21.2

Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

8.9
25.5
18.2
3.0
8.0

8.1
25.2
16.9
3.4
8.7

9.2
25.6
15.9
2.9
7.7

7.0
22.9
15.2
1.9
8.6

6.8
22.2
14.5
1.8
8.2

7.6
24.6
16.6
1.9
9.7

8.0
22.8
14.0
1.9
6.8

8.3
24.1
14.6
2.1
6.9

6.3
20.0
13.1
1.6
7.1

8.3
22.3
13.6
1.7
6.3

8.6
26.0
14.1
1.6
7.1

8.6
27.2
14.2
1.6
7.1

8.6
25.5
14.1
1.6
7.0

Total (in thousands)....................................................................
Percent...........................................................................................

1,314
100.0

190
100.0

1,125
100.0

1,259
100.0

1,073
100.0

188
100.0

3,690
100.0

2,149
100.0

810
100.0

931
100.0

653
100.0

102
100.0

551
100.0

Mining....................................................................................................

.1

.2

.2

.2

.8

.3

.9

2.1

.4

1.4

.3

2.2

6.0

5.8

4.3

7.6

3.3

4.8

3,1

23.0
11.3
1.5
,3
1.2
.9
1.5
2.2
2.1
1.2
.8

20.9
15.1
.3
.6
.5
.4
1.3
2.0
3.4
5.7
.6

16.0
11.7
1.6
.2
.5
.2
.9
3.1
2.6
1,0
.2

21.8
15.8

.8
5.7
2.4

1.4
4.4
2.7

.7
8.0
2.3
(3)
.4
.3
1.3

Black

P)

(3)

Construction.........................................................................................

4.1

2.9

4.4

2.2

Manufacturing......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products ........................................................
Furniture and fixtures...................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.1 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable g oo ds ...........................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products.....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products..........................

25.0
14.4
.1
.5
.5
.7
1.5
3.0
2.6
2.8
1.3

34.5
27.6
(3)
.1
.4
.5
3.9
5.9
5.4
6.2

23.4
12.1
,1
.5
.5
.6
1.1
2.5
2.1
2.0
1.6

34.2
25.5
.2
.4
.4
3.1
2.5
2.7
3.7
10.9
9.9

35.9
27.2
.2
.2
.4
3.5
2.6
2.8
3.9
11,7
11.1

24.2
15.8
.3
1.2
.3
.9
1.9
2.2
2.4
6.4
3.3

30.9
13.6
2.5
.7
1.1
.9
1.5
1.6
2.4
2.1
1,1

31.8
13.0
2.2
.8
1.0
.8
1.4
1.4
2.6
2.3
1.1

39.6
19.1
4.9
1.2
1.5
1.2
1.6
2.4
2.5
2.7
1.7

1.9
10.7
1.9
.8
2.0
.9
2.2
1.8
.8

3.5
6.9
.9

1.0
8.7
2.6

1.1
8.8
2.5

.6
.4
1.2
2.3
1.1

1.7
11.3
2.0
.7
2.3
.9
2.4
1.7
.7

.3
17.3
3.7
3.8
3.5
1.1
1.3
1.8
1.0

.3
18.9
3.4
5.4
4.1
1.1
1.5
1.2
1.1

.5
20.4
5.0
3.5
4.6
2.1
.7
2.3
1.3

.4
11.7
3.5
.3
1.3
.6
1.3
2.9
.4

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

9.8
5.2
4.5

9.6
5.6
4.1

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale tra d e................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................

16.6
3.1
13.5

Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

O

2.2

(3)
.7
.5
.5
1.3
1.8
3.5
6.6
.7

.7
.7
1.5
2.1

.8
1,5
2.2

.8

.8

.2
8.5
3.0
.1
1.0
.2
2.0
1.3
.3

9.6
5.2
4.6

9.2
4.6
4.6

9.1
4.5
4.6

9.8
5.2
4.5

7.6
4.2
3.4

7.6
4.5
3.1

6.4
2.7
3.6

8.4
4.4
4.0

11.8
6.4
5.4

9.6
4.8
4.8

12.2
6.7
5.5

15.3
3.8
11.5

16.9
3.0
13.8

19.4
3.0
16.4

18.5
2.8
15.8

24.3
4.1
20.2

24.0
3.5
20.6

23.6
3.1
20.5

22.6
4.1
18.5

26.0
4.0
22.0

21.5
2.9
18.6

22.8
1.9
20.9

21.2
3.1
18.1

10.6
33.7
21.5
2.0
14.3

8.4
29.3
22.8
4.6
12.5

11.0
34.4
21.2
1.6
14.6

6.0
28.8
19.4
2.0
13.4

5.8
28.2
18.8
2.0
13.1

7.0
32.4
22.4
2.1
14.9

4.7
26.0
14.6
1.6
9.6

5.0
25.9
14.1
1.8
8.8

3.3
23.0
14.2
1.4
9.9

5.0
27.9
16.2
1.1
11.2

9.2
32.9
16.9
2.2
10.0

8.3
37.1
14.2
.7
10.2

9.4
32.1
17.4
2.4
10.0

734
100.0

67
100.0

667
100.0

347
100.0

287
100.0

60
100.0

1,432
100.0

444
100.0

977
100.0

1,748
100.0

370
100.0

1,378
100.0

(*)

I3)

(3)

.8

(3)
.4
.2
1,1
.7
.4

(3)
.1
(3)
.2
.5
(3)

.8
.5

Hispanic origin
Total (in thousands)....................................................................
Percent...........................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.

21

(2)
(*)

Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Civilian employment of private nonagricultural wage and salary workers, excluding
private household workers, by Industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Northeast
Population group and industry
Total

Midwest

New
Middle
England Atlantic

Total

East
North
Central

South
West
North
Central

Total

South
Atlantic

West

East
South
Central

West
South
Central

Total

Moun­
tain

Pacific

3.6

0.3

Hispanic origin—Continued

ft

Mining.....................................................................................................

0.1

Construction.........................................................................................

2.7

4.2

Manufacturing......................................................................................
Durable goods...................................................................................
Lumber and wood products........................................................
Furniture and fixtures....................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products.................................................
Primary metal industries...............................................................
Fabricated metal products...........................................................
Machinery, except electrical........................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies........................
Transportation equipment............................................................
Motor vehicles.............................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches,
etc.1 ...........................................................................................
Nondurable goo ds............................................................................
Food and kindred products.........................................................
Textile mill products .....................................................................
Apparel and other textile products.............................................
Paper and allied products............................................................
Printing and publishing.................................................................
Chemicals and allied products....................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products..........................

36.2
16.7
.2
1.1
.5
1.0
2.3
1.0
3.6
1.4
.9

46.1
30.9
(3)
1.4
.9
3.5
2.0
4.8
5.2
3.3
.4

2.2
19.6
2.5
2.0
7.0
1.7
2.3
1.8
1.3

6.7
15.2
1.8
.3
1.2
3.5
1.2
2.7
2.9

Transportation, communications, and public utilities....................
Transportation...................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities...................................

5.5
3.4
2.1

Wholesale and retail tra d e ................................................................
Wholesale trade................................................................................
Retail tra d e ........................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ................................................
Services, excluding private households.........................................
Professional services......................................................................
Educational services.....................................................................
Medical services, including hospitals........................................

0.1

0.1

0.1

2.6

2.9

2.4

5.5

11.3

5.0

35.2
15.3
.3
1.1
.4
.8
2.4
1.6
3.7
1.2
.9

44.3
30.0
1.1
1.0
.5
5.8
2.5
4.8
5.7
6.5
4.9

45.6
32.4
.8
1.1
.6
6.9
2.7
5.4
6.4
6.4
5.0

38.2
18.6
2.3
.8
.1
.4
1.5
2.4
2.4
7.0
4.7

22.4
10.2
1.1
.7
1.2
.6
1.4
1.9
1.2
1.2
.6

20.3
8.0
.5
.8
.7
.2
1.4
1.5
1.5
.6
.2

1.7
20.0
2.6
2.1
7.6
1.6
2.4
1.7
1.2

.8
14.3
4.9
.2
1.2
.5
2.4
3.2
1.7

.8
13.2
4.5
.3
1.1
.5
1.6
3.3
1.7

.8
19.5
6.9
ft
1.3
.9
6.1
2.6
1.8

.6
12.2
3.5
.5
4.1
.5
1.1
.7
.7

2.9
1.3
1.6

5.7
3.6
2.1

4.8
2.9
1.9

3.9
2.2
1.7

8.9
6.2
2.7

21.7
3.6
18.1

13.2
2.3
10.9

22.6
3.7
18.9

21.9
4.3
17.7

22.4
4.1
18.3

9.1
24.7
10.2
1.3
6.8

4.2
29.4
15.2
3.4
9.8

9.6
24.2
9.7
1.1
6.5

5.7
20.3
10.9
1.7
5.2

6.1
19.6
10.2
1.3
4.5

1 Includes toys, amusement, and sporting goods.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample In that area. See
appendix B.
3 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.

0.1

1.8

0.1

ft
ft
ft
ft

2.6

1.0

14.2

6.5

10.8

5.4

ft
ft
ft

23.4
11.2
1.3
.6
1.5
.8
1.4
2.1
1.1
1.5
.8

34.0
20.9
1.1
1.5
1.1
1.1
2.5
3.2
5.0
3.7
.8

21.9
12.0
.8
.2
.8
.7
1.2
2.7
3.1
1.2
.2

37.2
23.4
1.1
1.9
1.2
1.2
2.8
3.3
5.5
4.4
.9

.6
12.3
2.3
.7
5.2
.7
1.0
.4
.8

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

.6
12.2
4.0
.4
3.7
.4
1.2
.9
.7

1.1
13.0
4.4
.5
3.0
.5
1.6
1.1
1.3

.9
9.9
4.3
.4
.7
.1
2.5
.6
.6

1.2
13.9
4.4
.5
3.6
.7
1.3
1.3
1.5

7.1
4.3
2.7

8.0
5.8
2.2

ft
ft
ft

6.5
3.6
2.8

6.1
3.7
2.4

5.5
2.5
3.0

6.3
4.0
2.3

19.9
5.3
14.7

29.1
5.4
23.7

30.9
7.2
23.7

ft

ft
ft

28.3
4.6
23.7

25.2
4.7
20.4

27.4
5.3
22.2

24.5
4.6
20.0

3.7
23.7
14.3
3.3
8.6

6.9
21.5
10.8
1.1
5.9

10.8
24.7
12.5
2.1
6.9

ft
ft

5.0
20.1
9.9
.6
5.4

5.6
21.7
9.7
.9
6.2

7.0
23.7
9.3
1.3
5.0

5.2
21.1
9.8
.7
6.5

ft
ft

ft
ft
ft
ft

ft
ft
ft

NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because
of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because
data for the “other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups.

22

Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1984 annual
averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Average hours

Hours of work
Population group and area

Total at
work

1-14
hours

15-29
hours

30-34
hours

35 hours
and over

35-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules1

TOTAL

Northeast .......................................
New England ..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

21,065
5,874
15,191

1,024
301
723

2,629
770
1,860

1,501
478
1,023

15,911
4,326
11,585

2,274
508
1,766

8,798
2,341
6,457

1,914
597
1,317

2,924
880
2,044

38.0
38.0
38.0

43.3
43.8
43.2

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

24,916
17,180
7,736

1,511
1,023
488

3,243
2,215
1,028

1,797
1,230
567

18,364
12,712
5,653

1,500
1,043
457

9,756
6,928
2,828

2,723
1,912
811

4,386
2,829
1,558

38.6
38.3
39.1

44.9
44.5
45.9

S o uth...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

33,478
16,747
5,784
10,947

1,553
739
303
511

3,753
1,903
675
1,174

2,404
1,225
438
741

25,768
12,879
4,368
8,521

2,131
1,122
410
599

14,179
7,255
2,409
4,515

3,491
1,736
579
1,175

5,967
2,765
970
2,232

39.4
39.1
38.9
40.2

44.7
44.2
44.6
45.5

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

19,935
5,454
14,481

1,010
305
705

2,425
669
1,756

1,572
428
1,144

14,928
4,052
10,876

1,004
267
737

8,702
2,214
6,489

1,865
550
1,315

3,357
1,021
2,336

38.7
39.1
38.6

44.5
45.2
44.2

Northeast.......................................
New England ..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

11,942
3,266
8,676

375
108
267

874
246
628

665
196
468

10,028
2,716
7,312

821
178
643

5,465
1,412
4,053

1,342
415
927

2,400
711
1,689

41.1
41.2
41.0

44.7
45.1
44.5

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North C entral....................

14,106
9,755
4,351

580
392
188

1,152
782
369

720
495
225

11,654
8,085
3,569

552
370
182

5,697
4,096
1,601

1,869
1,327
542

3,536
2,293
1,244

42.0
41.6
42.8

46.4
45.9
47.7

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

18,953
9,355
3,283
6,315

623
294
124
205

1,494
735
282
477

1,064
540
194
330

15,772
7,785
2,683
5,303

732
377
140
216

8,039
4,108
1,385
2,546

2,268
1,116
377
775

4,732
2,184
781
1,767

42.2
41.7
41.7
43.1

46.2
45.7
46.2
47.2

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

11,309
3,111
8,198

383
110
274

927
255
673

710
192
519

9,288
2,555
6,733

419
108
311

5,054
1,288
3,766

1,228
360
868

2,587
799
1,788

41.5
42.2
41.2

45.7
46.6
45.3

Northeast.......................................
New England ..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

9,123
2,608
6,515

649
193
456

1,755
523
1,232

837
281
555

5,883
1,610
4,273

1,453
330
1,124

3,333
929
2,404

572
182
390

524
169
355

34.0
33.9
34.0

41.0
41.5
40.8

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

10,809
7,425
3,384

931
631
301

2,091
1,433
658

1,077
735
342

6,710
4,626
2,084

948
673
275

4,059
2,832
1,227

854
585
268

850
536
314

34.1
34.1
34.3

42.3
42.1
42.9

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

14,525
7,392
2,501
4,632

930
445
179
306

2,259
1,168
393
697

1,340
685
244
411

9,997
5,094
1,685
3,218

1,399
745
270
383

6,141
3,147
1,024
1,969

1,222
620
202
400

1,235
582
189
465

35.8
35.7
35.3
36.2

42.3
42.1
42.1
42.8

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

8,626
2,343
6,283

627
195
432

1,497
414
1,083

862
237
625

5,640
1,497
4,143

585
159
426

3,648
926
2,723

637
190
447

770
222
548

35.2
35.0
35.2

42.6
42.9
42.5

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

1,336
429
907

305
96
209

486
156
330

111
36
75

434
141
294

92
21
71

267
91
176

40
15
26

34
13
21

25.0
25.2
24.9

40.9
41.2
40.7

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

1,733
1,191
542

417
288
128

640
444
196

150
102
47

527
356
171

98
67
31

271
188
83

74
51
22

85
50
35

25.0
24.8
25.6

42.8
42.2
43.9

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

1,968
998
318
652

350
172
70
109

648
343
101
203

205
97
34
75

765
386
113
265

117
64
16
37

449
232
70
147

100
50
13
38

98
41
15
43

27.8
27.5
26.5
28.8

42.3
41.8
42.1
43.3

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

1,199
347
851

239
68
171

424
119
305

130
38
92

405
122
283

63
22
40

249
67
181

45
14
31

49
18
31

26.3
26.9
26.1

42.1
42.5
41.9

Men

Women

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

See footnotes at end of table.

23

Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and area

Total at
work

Average hours

1-14
hours

15-29
hours

30-34
hours

35 hours
and over

35-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules1

White

N ortheast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

18,962
5,594
13,369

964
293
671

2,415
739
1,676

1,378
459
919

14,206
4,103
10,103

1,941
479
1,462

7,744
2,187
5,557

1,784
582
1,201

2,737
855
1,883

38.0
38.0
38.0

43.5
43.9
43.4

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

23,017
15,625
7,392

1,424
956
467

3,015
2,029
986

1,650
1,115
535

16,927
11,524
5,403

1,381
947
434

8,744
6,099
2,645

2,597
1,801
797

4,205
2,678
1,528

38.7
38.4
39.2

45.1
44.7
46.1

S o u th ..............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

27,766
13,429
4,893
9,444

1,260
591
243
427

3,008
1,482
548
978

1,925
943
363
620

21,572
10,413
3,740
7,419

1,703
875
336
493

11,352
5,580
1,976
3,796

3,080
1,503
524
1,053

5,437
2,456
904
2,077

39.9
39.5
39.5
40.6

45.2
44.7
45.1
45.9

W e s t ...............................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

17,481
5,155
12,326

916
293
622

2,135
634
1,501

1,389
404
985

13,041
3,824
9,218

886
251
635

7,391
2,053
5,337

1,700
530
1,170

3,065
989
2,076

38.8
39.1
38.7

44.7
45.4
44.4

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

1,719
224
1,495

48
5
43

177
25
152

104
15
89

1,390
178
1,212

279
24
255

887
126
761

100
11
89

124
18
106

37.8
37.8
37.6

41.1
41.5
41.1

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral....................
West North Central....................

1,615
1,360
255

69
58
11

195
165
30

128
103
25

1,224
1,034
189

101
84
17

878
733
143

107
97
10

139
121
19

37.4
37.5
36.8

42.3
42.4
41.4

S o u th ..............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South C e n tral...................

5,268
3,116
873
1,278

274
141
60
73

690
397
125
168

445
268
73
106

3,860
2,312
615
933

407
240
73
94

2,621
1,580
425
616

375
217
54
104

456
275
63
118

36.8
37.1
35.8
38.9

42.3
42.3
41.7
42.6

W e s t ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

930
128
803

30
5
25

113
12
101

76
12
64

711
98
612

41
6
35

517
73
444

58
9
49

94
10
84

37.9
37.7
37.9

42.6
42.0
42.7

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

832
74
758

20
2
18

90
8
82

50
5
44

673
59
814

138
8
130

421
40
380

54
4
50

61
7
54

37.7
37.7
37.7

41.2
41.8
41.1

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

398
319
80

13
11
2

43
34
9

28
23
5

314
250
64

25
21
3

209
187
42

34
26
8

46
35
11

38.5
38.3
39.2

42.8
42.6
43.5

S o u th ...............................................
South A tlantic.............................
West South Centrrl ...................

1,839
529
1,293

79
15
64

202
58
142

134
33
98

1,424
424
989

108
30
76

922
283
632

188
37
128

229
72
163

38.4
39.0
38.2

43.2
43.1
43.3

W e s t................................................
Mountain......................................
P acific...........................................

2,329
534
1,795

97
25
72

270
68
202

179
48
131

1,783
393
1,389

123
29
94

1,233
257
976

183
41
142

243
66
177

37.9
37.8
37.9

42.7
43.4
42.6

Black

Hispanic origin

1 Refers to persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­

ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hlspanlc-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are
Included in both the white and black population groups.

24

Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours,
and usual status, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Usually work part time

Usually work full time

Population group and area
Total

Slack
Job
work or started or
material
termi­
shortages
nated

Holiday

Bad
weather

Own
illness

On
vacation

Other1

Total

Slack
Does not Full-time
work or
want full­ work less
could find
than 35
time
only partwork2
hours
time work

Other

TOTAL

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

1,529
466
1,063

204
51
152

43
10
33

386
150
236

88
36
52

292
85
207

243
62
181

273
72
202

3,625
1,082
2,543

720
181
540

2,551
848
1,703

230
22
208

123
31
92

M idwest..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North C entral....................

1,657
1,121
536

323
231
92

59
39
20

113
77
36

98
54
44

347
248
99

347
224
123

370
247
122

4,894
3,348
1,547

1,173
851
322

3,161
2,094
1,067

372
277
95

188
126
62

S o uth...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

2,556
1,314
469
773

537
266
124
146

123
54
20
49

199
134
24
41

250
117
61
72

498
261
77
160

390
213
65
112

560
269
97
194

5,154
2,554
947
1,653

1,279
615
273
390

3,030
1,529
494
1,006

594
306
118
171

251
104
62
86

W e s t................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

1,483
432
1,051

306
85
221

69
23
46

184
44
140

53
18
35

324
82
242

254
87
167

293
93
200

3,524
970
2,554

840
225
615

2,258
659
1,600

298
45
252

128
41
87

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

802
236
566

118
28
90

27
7
21

197
74
122

56
19
37

144
42
102

138
36
102

122
30
92

1,111
314
797

274
69
204

701
225
477

72
6
66

65
15
50

M idw est..........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

899
606
293

193
139
54

38
25
13

49
34
16

86
47
40

158
111
47

198
132
65

176
119
57

1,553
1,064
489

465
339
125

910
601
309

85
62
23

93
61
32

S o uth...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

1,390
697
254
439

320
152
70
99

73
29
13
30

98
66
13
19

210
97
44
69

227
121
33
73

209
113
37
59

253
119
44
90

1,792
873
346
572

517
243
116
158

1,001
507
165
329

149
74
30
46

125
50
36
40

West ................................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

830
239
591

200
56
145

38
14
24

95
22
73

49
16
33

154
39
114

148
49
99

146
43
103

1,191
317
873

359
88
271

685
194
490

88
13
75

59
22
37

N ortheast........................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

727
230
497

85
24
62

16
4
12

190
76
114

32
17
15

148
43
105

105
27
78

152
41
110

2,513
768
1,745

447
111
335

1,850
624
1,226

159
17
142

59
17
42

M idw est...........................................
East North C entral.....................
West North Central....................

758
515
243

130
92
38

21
15
7

64
43
20

12
7
5

189
137
51

149
92
58

194
129
65

3,342
2,284
1,057

708
511
197

2,252
1,493
759

287
215
71

95
64
31

S o uth...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

1,166
617
215
334

216
114
55
47

50
25
7
19

102
68
12
22

40
20
17
3

270
140
43
87

181
100
28
53

307
151
53
104

3,362
1,681
601
1,080

761
372
158
232

2,029
1,023
329
677

445
232
88
125

126
55
26
46

W e s t ................................................
Mountain.......................................
Pacific..........................................

653
193
460

106
30
76

31
9
22

89
22
67

4
2
2

170
42
128

106
38
68

147
50
97

2,333
653
1,680

481
137
344

1,574
464
1,109

209
32
177

69
19
50

Northeast.......................................
New England..............................
Middle Atlantic............................

1,374
446
929

180
50
131

40
9
30

346
143
203

83
34
49

254
81
173

227
60
167

244
68
176

3,382
1,045
2,337

639
170
470

2,422
825
1,597

209
21
188

112
29
83

M idw est..........................................
East North Central.....................
West North Central....................

1,526
1,015
511

292
205
87

56
37
18

100
68
32

94
51
43

314
219
94

331
210
120

340
224
116

4,563
3,086
1,477

1,022
732
290

3,028
1,991
1,037

338
247
90

175
116
60

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South C e n tral...................

2,036
1,008
383
845

386
176
97
113

102
44
17
41

160
106
19
34

195
90
50
55

392
196
62
134

353
192
58
103

449
204
80
165

4,158
2,008
771
1,379

845
377
184
265

2,646
1,325
436
886

473
231
101
142

193
76
51
67

W e s t ...............................................
Mountain......................................
Pacific..........................................

1,308
406
902

273
79
194

62
21
41

147
40
106

50
17
33

282
76
206

236
84
152

258
88
170

3,131
926
2,206

718
208
510

2,038
636
1,402

258
42
216

117
40
77

Men

Women

White

See footnotes at end of table.

25

Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours,
and usual status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Usually work part time

Usually work full time

Population group and area
Total

Slack
Job
work or started or
material
termi­
shortages
nated

Holiday

Bad
weather

Own
illness

On
vacation

Other1

Total

Slack
Does not Full-time
work or
want full­ work less
could find
than 35
time
only partwork2
hours
time work

Other

Black

Northeast ........................................
Middle Atlantic............................

133
116

21
19

4
3

32
26

4
3

35
32

12
10

25
22

196
167

72
63

95
78

19
18

10
9

Midwest..........................................
East North C entral.....................

115
96

29
24

3
2

11
8

3
3

28
25

14
13

27
22

276
229

138
111

98
83

30
27

10
9

S o u th ...............................................
South Atlantic.............................
East South Central.....................
West South Central ...................

486
289
84
113

140
85
27
28

20
10
3
7

37
26
6
6

54
27
11
16

98
61
14
22

32
17
6
8

105
62
17
25

922
516
174
232

411
229
88
94

340
187
57
96

116
73
17
26

54
27
11
16

W e s t................................................
Pacific..........................................

ft

13

153
134

56
49

75
66

18
16

3
3

67

13

ft

ft

2

14

ft

ft

1 Includes industrial disputes.
2 Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work.
3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

1

18

ft

ft

7

ft

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding.

26

Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed civilians with a job but not at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin,
and reason not at work, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason not at work
Population group and area

Total
Vacation

Illness

Bad weather

Other1

TOTAL

Northeast...............................................................................................
New England......................................................................................
Middle Atlantic...................................................................................

1,255
363
693

725
218
508

328
88
239

14
5
9

188
52
136

M idw est........... .....................................................................................
East North C e n tral............................................................................
West North C e ntral..........................................................................

1,438
1,021
417

835
593
242

311
240
71

29
14
15

263
174
89

South......................................................................................................
South Atlantic.............................. ......................................................
Ea9t South Central...........................................................................
West South Central...........................................................................

1,814
880
356
578

970
472
179
319

446
233
81
132

54
14
18
25

344
161
81
102

W e s t............................................................. ..........................................
Mountain.............................................................................................
Pacific..................................................................................................

1,065
278
787

616
167
449

237
56
182

20
6
15

191
50
142

Northeast...............................................................................................
New England......................................................................................
Middle Atlantic...................................................................................

604
179
425

362
106
256

161
47
114

12
5
8

69
22
47

M idw est.................................................................................................
East North Central ............................................................................
West North C e ntral...........................................................................

720
515
205

411
297
114

173
133
40

27
13
14

108
71
37

South.......................................................................................................
South Atlantic.....................................................................................
East South Central...........................................................................
West South Central...........................................................................

907
424
182
300

446
215
84
148

246
128
42
76

51
13
15
23

163
69
41
54

W e s t..............................
Mountain.............................................................................................
Pacific..................................................................................................

527
136
391

305
81
224

117
28
90

19
5
14

86
22
63

Northeast...............................................................................................
New England......................................................................................
Middle Atlantic...................................................................................

652
184
468

363
112
251

167
41
125

2
1
2

119
30
89

M idw est.................................................................................................
East North Central ............................................................................
West North C e ntral...........................................................................

718
506
212

423
295
128

138
107
32

2
1
1

155
103
52

South......................................................................................................
South Atlantic.....................................................................................
East South Central............................................................................
West South Central...........................................................................

908
456
174
278

524
257
96
171

199
105
38
56

3
1

181
92
40
49

W e s t........................................................................................................
Mountain.............................................................................................
Pacific..................................................................................................

538
142
396

311
86
224

120
28
92

Northeast.......................................................................................
New England..............................................................................
Middle Atlantic...........................................................................

1,122
345
776

857
207
449

Midwest.................................................................................................
East North Central.....................................................................
West North Central....................................................................

1,312
912
400

South.............................................................................................
South Atlantic.............................................................................
East South Central.....................................................................
West South Central....................................................................
West..............................................................................................
Mountain.....................................................................................

Men

Women

(*)
2

1

106
27
79

287
82
204

14
5
9

165
51
114

773
539
234

270
204
68

28
14
15

241
155
88

1,485
688
300
497

819
388
152
279

343
164
69
110

41
10
12
18

282
126
67
90

949
284
685

555
159
398

210
53
157

20
5
14

165
46
118

2
(J)

White

Paolflc..................................................................................................
See footnote* at and of table.

27

Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed civilians with a job but not at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin,
and reason not at work, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason not at work
Population group and area

Total
Vacation

Illness

Bad weather

Other'

Black

Northeast...............................................................................................
Middle A tlantic...................................................................................

115
102

58
50

37
32

(*)
(*)

20
19

Midwest .................................................................................................
East North Central ...........................................................................

112
100

53
48

38
34

<*)

20
18

South......................................................................................................
South Atlantic.....................................................................................
West South Central..........................................................................

307
183
70

137
79
32

99
67
20

13
3
7

57
33
11

South......................................................................................................

92

51

24

3

14

W e s t.......................................................................................................
Pacific..................................................................................................

99
74

46
32

29
22

6
5

18
15

Hispanic origin

1 Includes industrial disputes.
2 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample

in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding.
Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for
the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the
white and black population groups.

28

Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemploy­
ment, 1984 annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Reason for unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and area

Number
(in thousands)

Job losers
Job leavers

Percent
Total

Reentrants

New entrants

On layoff

TOTAL

Northeast.................................................
New England.......................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

1,638
319
1,319

100.0
100.0
100.0

55.2
51.6
56.0

17.3
17.5
17.3

7.8
11.2
7.0

22.9
26.1
22.2

14.1
11.2
14.8

M idwest....................................................
East North Central..............................
West North Central.............................

2,423
1,882
542

100.0
100.0
100.0

53.3
52.7
55.2

17.7
17.9
16.8

8.4
7.8
10.6

25.1
25.4
24.0

13.3
14.1
10.2

S o uth........................................................
South Atlantic.......................................
East South Central .............................
West South C e n tral............................

2,754
1,226
666
662

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

47.3
45.4
50.3
47.7

10.2
11.2
12.7
6.7

10.5
11.7
8.0
10.9

28.0
27.8
26.3
29.5

14.2
15.1
15.4
11.9

W e s t.........................................................
M ountain...............................................
Pacific....................................................

1,721
379
1,342

100.0
100.0
100.0

53.6
45.8
55.8

11.0
10.0
11.3

11.7
14.7
10.9

24.9
31.0
23.2

9.8
8.5
10.2

Northeast.................................................
New England.......................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

927
173
754

100.0
100.0
100.0

63.1
59.8
63.8

19.7
20.3
19.5

7.0
10.9
8.1

16.8
18.7
16.3

13.2
10.6
13.8

M ldweat....................................................
East North C entral..............................
West North C entral.............................

1,387
1,071
318

100.0
100.0
100.0

84.8
64,1
87.2

22.0
22.1
21.6

6.6
6,1
6.2

17,3
17.6
16.5

11.3
12.2
8.1

South........................................................
South Atlantic......................................
East South C e ntral.............................
West 8outh C e ntral............................

1,438
814
363
471

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

59.9
57.3
81.4
62.2

12.3
13.5
15.1
8.6

8.4
10,1
7,8
6.6

20.4
20.4
18.6
21.8

11,3
12.2
12.2
9,4

W e s t.........................................................
M ountain...............................................
Paolfic....................................................

091
214
778

100,0
100.0
100.0

83.6
58,1
65.1

12.6
13,6
12.3

9,9
13,1
9.0

17,9
21.9
16.8

8.8
7,0
9.1

Northeast.................................................
New England.......................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

711
148
585

100.0
100,0
100.0

44.9
41.9
46.6

14.3
14,2
14.3

6.9
11.5
8.3

31.0
34.7
30.0

15,2
11.8
16.1

M idwest....................................................
East North Central..............................
West North Central.............................

1,038
811
225

100,0
100.0
100.0

37.8
37.6
38.3

11.9
12.4
10.0

10.8
9.9
13.8

35.5
35.8
34.6

15.9
16.7
13.3

S o uth........................................................
South Atlantic.......................................
East South C e n tral.............................
West South C e n tral............................

1,318
612
313
391

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

33.6
33.6
37.7
30.3

7.9
9.0
9.9
4.5

12.9
13.3
8.3
18.0

36.2
35.3
35.0
38.8

17.3
17.9
19.0
15.0

W e s t .........................................................
Mountain ...............................................
Pacific....................................................

730
165
565

100.0
100.0
100.0

40.1
29.6
43.0

8.6
5.4
9.8

14.2
16.9
13.4

34.4
42.9
32.0

11.3
10.4
11.6

Northeast.................................................
New England.......................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

281
58
223

100.0
100.0
100.0

17.5
18.0
17.3

4.5
4.8
4.4

6.5
10.5
5.5

22.2
24.5
21.6

53.9
46.9
55.7

M idwest....................................................
East North Central..............................
West North Central.............................

423
334
89

100.0
100.0
100.0

17.5
17.2
18.9

5.8
6.0
5.0

6.0
5.7
7.1

22.6
21.4
27.2

53.9
55.7
46.9

S o uth........................................................
South Atlantic......................................
East South Central .............................
West South C e n tral............................

523
239
119
165

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

17.4
16.3
18.7
18.0

3.2
3.2
5.0
1.9

8.2
8.9
5.0
9.5

26.4
24.5
26.7
28.9

48.0
50.3
49.6
43.6

W e s t.........................................................
M ountain...............................................
Pacific....................................................

272
67
205

100.0
100.0
100.0

21.0
17.4
22.2

3.8
3.4
3.9

9.9
10.6
9.7

27.1
34.7
24.6

42.0
37.4
43.5

Man

Women

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

See footnotes at end of table.

29

Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemploy­
ment, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Reason for unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and area

Number
(in thousands)

Job losers
Job leavers

Percent
Total

Reentrants

New entrants

On layoff

White

Northeast.................................................
New England .......................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

1,307
293
1,014

100.0
100.0
100.0

56.3
52.0
57.6

19.4
18.2
19.7

8.4
11.1
7.7

22.8
26.6
21.7

12.4
10.3
13.0

M idwest....................................................
East North Central..............................
West North Central.............................

1,901
1,438
463

100.0
100.0
100.0

54.3
54.5
53.9

19.9
20.3
18.8

9.4
8.8
11.5

24.1
24.0
24.3

12.2
12.8
10.3

South........................................................
South Atlantic......................................
East South Central .............................
West South Central ............................

1,757
743
417
597

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

49.4
47.9
54.1
48.0

12.0
13.4
15.9
7.5

12.6
14.1
9.7
12.8

26.7
26.6
24.2
28.6

11.3
11.4
12.0
10.6

W e s t.........................................................
Mountain ...............................................
Pacific....................................................

1,406
332
1,074

100.0
100.0
100.0

54.7
45.7
57.5

11.9
10.6
12.3

12.0
15.4
11.0

24.2
30.9
22.2

9.0
8.0
9.3

Northeast.................................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

305
282

100.0
100.0

50.6
50.7

8.9
8.8

5.2
4.7

23.8
24.2

20.5
20.4

M idwest....................................................
East North Central..............................
West North Central.............................

483
421
62

100.0
100.0
100.0

49.6
47.1
66.8

9.0
9.7
3.9

4.4
4.4
4.5

28.6
30.1
18.3

17.4
18.4
10.5

S o u th ........................................................
South Atlantic......................................
East South Central .............................
West South Central ............................

957
464
249
244

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

44.0
41.9
43.9
48.0

7.1
8.2
7.3
4.9

6.5
7.5
5.3
5.9

30.0
29.7
29.7
31.0

19.5
20.9
21.1
15.1

W e s t.........................................................
Pacific....................................................

168
148

100.0
100.0

51.3
51.8

5.9
5.9

9.4
9.4

27.6
27.2

11.7
11.6

Northeast................................................
Middle Atlantic.....................................

128
114

100.0
100.0

54.2
55.0

12.0
11.1

6.7
6.6

21.7
21.9

17.4
16.6

S o uth........................................................
West South Central ............................

184
142

100.0
100.0

50.2
48.6

8.7
5.4

9.8
8.9

26.3
29.0

13.7
13.5

W e s t.........................................................
Mountain ..............................................
Pacific....................................................

303
62
241

100.0
100.0
100.0

61.7
50.6
64.5

14.5
12.0
15.2

8.9
10.2
8.5

17.6
28.0
15.0

11.8
11.3
12.0

Black

Hispanic origin

NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent-

ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

30

Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of
unemployment, 1984 annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and area

Number
(in thousands)

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5-14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

15-26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

52 weeks
and over

27-51
weeks

TOTAL

Northeast..........................................
New England................................
Middle Atlantic..............................

1,638
319
1,319

100.0
100.0
100.0

36.1
41.3
34.8

29.3
31.0
28.9

34.6
27.7
36.3

14.9
13.9
15.2

19.7
13.8
21.2

7.2
6.1
7.5

12.5
7.7
13.7

Midwest.............................................
East North Central.......................
West North Central......................

2,423
1,882
542

100.0
100.0
100.0

34.6
34.0
36.7

27.6
27.3
28.4

37.8
38.7
34.9

12.8
12.6
13.1

25.1
26.0
21.8

7.8
7.4
9.1

17.3
18.6
12.7

South.................................................
South Atlantic...............................
East South Central ......................
West South C entral.....................

2,754
1,226
862

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.8
44.5
36.3
45.3

29.0
28.4
28.5
30.1

28.3
27.1
35.2
24.6

12.1
11.7
14.0
11.2

16.2
15.4
21.3
13.4

6.2
5.8
7.0
6.2

10.0
9.7
14.2
7.1

W e s t..................................................
Mountain .......................................
Pacific.............................................

1,721
379
1,342

100.0
100.0
100.0

43.1
46.0
42.2

29.4
30.2
29.1

27.6
23.7
28.7

12.6
12.2
12.7

15.0
11.5
15.9

6.2
5.6
6.4

8.7
5.9
9.5

Northeast..........................................
New England................................
Middle Atlantic..............................

927
173
754

100.0
100.0
100.0

32.0
37.7
30.7

29.5
31.0
29.1

38.5
31.3
40.1

15.8
15.4
15.8

22.7
15.9
24.3

7.7
6.5
8.0

15.0
9.4
16.3

Midwest.............................................
East North Central.......................
West North Central......................

1,387
1,071
316

100.0
100.0
100.0

30.4
29.8
32.4

26.8
26.3
28.5

42.8
43.9
39.1

13.3
13.3
13.3

29.5
30.6
25.7

7.8
7.2
9.9

21.7
23.4
15.8

South.................................................
South Atlantic...............................
East South Central ......................
West South C e ntral.....................

1,438
614
353
471

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

38.6
40.7
31.5
41.1

29.2
28.2
29.6
30.2

32.2
31.1
38.9
28.7

12.6
12.0
13.8
12.3

19.7
19.0
25.1
16.4

7.3
7.2
7.8
6.9

12.4
11.8
17.3
9.5

W e s t..................................................
M ountain.......................................
Pacific.............................................

991
214
776

100.0
100.0
100.0

40.0
41.8
39.5

28.5
30.7
27.9

31.5
27.5
32.5

13.8
14.0
13.7

17.7
13.5
18.8

7.1
6.4
7.3

10.6
7.1
11.5

Northeast.........................................
New England................................
Middle Atlantic..............................

711
146
565

100.0
100.0
100.0

41.3
45.7
40.2

29.0
30.9
28.5

29.7
23.4
31.3

13.8
12.1
14.2

15.9
11.3
17.0

6.5
5.6
6.8

9.3
5.7
10.3

Midwest............................................
East North Central.......................
West North Central......................

1,036
811
225

100.0
100.0
100.0

40.3
39.6
42.8

28.6
28.7
28.2

31.2
31.7
29.0

12.0
11.8
12.8

19.1
20.0
16.2

7.8
7.7
7.9

11.4
12.2
8.3

South.................................................
South Atlantic...............................
East South C e ntral......................
West South Central .....................

1,316
612
313
391

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

47.3
48.3
41.6
50.4

28.7
28.7
27.3
29.9

24.0
23.1
31.0
19.8

11.6
11.3
14.1
10.0

12.4
11.8
16.9
9.8

5.1
4.3
6.1
5.4

7.3
7.5
10.8
4.4

W e s t..................................................
Mountain .......................................
Pacific.............................................

730
165
565

100.0
100.0
100.0

47.2
51.6
45.9

30.5
29.6
30.8

22.3
18.8
23.3

11.1
9.9
11.4

11.3
9.0
11.9

5.1
4.6
5.2

6.2
4.4
6.7

CCC

ooo

Men

Women

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

>

Northeast.........................................
New England................................
Middle Atlantic..............................

281
58
223

100.0
100.0
100.0

49.4
59.3
46.8

33.4
28.0
34.8

17.2
12.8
18.4

9.6
7.7
10.1

7.6
5.1
8.3

4.4
2.9
4.8

3.2
2.2
3.4

Midwest............................................
East North Central.......................
West North Central......................

423
334
89

100.0
100.0
100.0

46.9
45.8
50.8

32.1
31.9
33.0

21.0
22.3
16.1

10.7
11.1
9.3

10.3
11.2
6.9

4.4
4.8
3.1

5.8
6.4
3.7

South.................................................
South Atlantic...............................
East South C e n tral......................
West South C e ntral.....................

523
239
119
165

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

54.7
56.8
47.2
57.2

29.5
27.5
33.2
29.7

15.8
15.8
19.7
13.1

8.3
9.3
10.2
5.5

7.5
6.4
9.5
7.5

4.5
3.7
4.8
5.5

3.0
2.8
4.6
2.0

W e s t..................................................
M ountain.......................................
Pacific.............................................

272
67
205

100.0
100.0
100.0

58.4
58.3
58.5

29.3
30.2
29.0

12.3
11.5
12.6

6.1
5.9
6.2

6.2
5.5
6.4

2.9
3.1
2.8

3.3
2.4
3.6

See footnotes at end of table.

31

Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of
unemployment, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total unemployed
Population group and area

Number
(in thousands)

Percent

Duration of unemployment
Less than
5 weeks

5-14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

15-26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

27-51
weeks

52 weeks
and over

White

Northeast.......... ..............................
New England................................
Middle Atlantic..............................

1,307
293
1,014

100.0
100.0
100.0

36.7
41.5
35.3

29.5
30.7
29.1

33.9
27.8
35.6

14.4
13.7
14.6

19.5
14.1
21.0

7.0
6.1
7.2

12.5
8.0
13.8

M idwest.............................................
East North Central.......................
West North Central......................

1,901
1,438
463

100.0
100.0
100.0

35.4
34.6
37.8

27.9
27.4
29.4

36.7
38.0
32.8

13.3
13.3
13.4

23.4
24.7
19.4

7.6
7.2
8.9

15.8
17.6
10.5

S o uth.................................................
South Atlantic...............................
East South Central ......................
West South C e ntral.....................

1,757
743
417
597

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

44.8
46.2
37.7
48.0

28.5
27.8
29.6
28.6

26.7
26.0
32.7
23.3

12.2
11.1
14.8
11.6

14.5
14.9
17.9
11.7

5.8
5.4
5.8
6.2

8.8
9.5
12.2
5.5

W e s t..................................................
Mountain .......................................
Pacific............................................

1,406
332
1,074

100.0
100.0
100.0

44.1
45.9
43.5

29.6
31.0
29.1

26.4
23.1
27.4

12.5
12.1
12.6

13.9
11.0
14.8

6.2
5.7
6.4

7.7
5.3
8.4

Northeast......................................
Middle Atlantic...........................

305
282

100.0
100.0

33.8
33.3

28.6
28.3

37.6
38.4

16.8
16.8

20.7
21.6

8.4
8.6

12.3
12.9

Midwest........................................
East North Central.....................
West North Central....................

483
421
62

100.0
100,0
100.0

30.8
31.3
27.8

28.4
27.0
22.3

42.8
41,7
60.2

10.6
10.4
12.0

32.2
31.3
38.2

8.8
8.5
10.6

23,4
22.8
27.7

8outh............................................
8outh Atlantic............................
East South Central....................
West South Central...................

957
404
240
244

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

38.6
41.3
33.9
384

29.7
29.4
28,8
33.8

31.7
29,2
39,3
28.4

12.2
12.7
12.6
10.7

19.6
18.5
26.7
17.7

7.2
6.4
9.1

6.6

12.3
10.2
17.6
11,1

W est.............................................
Pacific.........................................

108
148

100,0
100.0

34.2
33,1

29.0
29.7

36.2
37.2

11,7
11.4

24.6
266

7.1
7,2

17.4
16.6

Northeast......................................
Middle Atlantic...........................

128
114

100,0
100,0

398
37,9

30.2
31.0

30.2
31,1

16.6
17.8

13.7
13.6

6.6
6.0

6.0
8.4

South............................................
West South Central...................

184
142

100.0
100.0

48.0
49.0

30.6
30.0

21.4
21.0

11,8
12.4

9.9

6.6

6.0
6.2

4.9
3.4

W est.............................................
Mountain....................................
Pacific........................................

303
82
241

100.0
100.0
100.0

45.5
46.2
46.8

29.2
32.6
28.3

26.4
22.3
26.1

12.8
11.4
13.0

12.7
10.9
13.2

6.7
4.8
6.0

7.0
6.1
7.2

Black

Hlapanlo origin

NOTE: Data tor demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample In that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­

ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanlc-orlgln groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hlspanics are
Included In both the white and black population groups.

32

Section II. Estimates for States

33

Chart 1. Unemployment rates by State, 1984 annual averages

□
□

9.5% and over
7.5% to 9.4%
5.5% to 7.4%
less than 5.5%

Chart 2. Changes In State unemployment rates, 1983-84

Percentage point decline

3% and over
2% to 2.9%
1% to 1.9%
□ lost than 1%

34

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,942
1,349
1,593
273

1,794
1,010
783
129

61.0
74.9
49.2
47.5

1,594
911
683
91

54.2
67.5
42.9
33.5

200
99
101
38

11.1
9.8
12.9
29.5

10.2
8.6
11.3
24.6

-

12.1
11.0
14.4
34.4

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,229
1,043
1,186
186

1,355
790
565
95

60.8
75.8
47.6
51.3

1,256
737
519
75

56.4
70.6
43.8
40.2

99
54
46
21

7.3
6.8
8.1
21.5

6.4
5.6
6.6
16.2

-

8.3
8.0
9.6

-

26.8

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

705
304
401

434
218
216

61.6
71.8
53.8

334
173
161

47.4
56.9
40.2

100
45
55

23.1
20.8
25.4

20.5
17.3
21.6

-

25.7
24.3

-

29.2

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

621
1,781
540

380
1,162
251

61.2
65.3
46.5

286
1,092
215

46.0
61.3
39.9

94
70
36

24.8
6.0
14.2

22.0
5.1
11.4

-

27.6
6.9
17.1

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .................

333
167
166
26

245
138
107
13

73.4
82.3
64.5
51.2

220
122
98
11

66.1
73.2
58.9
40.9

25
15
9
3

10.0
11.1
8.7
20.1

9.0
9.7
7.3
14.7

-

11.0
12.4
10.1
25.6

W hite...............................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................... .............................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

274
139
135
20

209
119
90
11

76.3
85.6
66.7
56.1

190
107
83
9

69.3
76.9
61.4
45.2

19
12
7
2

9.2
10.2
7.9
19.4

8.1
8.7
6.4
13.5

-

10.2
11.6
9.3
25.2

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse p resent.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

86
198
49

63
147
35

72.9
74.1
71.5

54
135
31

62.5
68.5
62.8

9
11
4

14.3
7.7
12.2

12.1
6.5
9.4

-

16.5
8.8
15.0

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ....... ................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,255
1,091
1,164
156

1,433
812
621
94

63.5
74.4
53.3
60.5

1,361
770 .
592
84

60.4
70.6
50.8
53.6

71
42
29
11

5.0
5.2
4.6
11.3

4.3
4.3
3.7
7.7

-

5.6
6.1
5.6
14.8

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,148
1,037

63.7
74.8
53.4
62.6

1,302
735
567
82

60.6
70.9
51.0
55.6

66
40
26
10

4.8
5.2
4.4
11.2

4.2
4.3
3.4
7.6

-

6.1
5.3

148

1,368
775
593
93

-

14.8

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................

301
148
153

196
117
79

65.2
79.1
51.6

180
108
73

60.0
72.9
47.5

16
9
6

7.9
7.9
8.0

5.8

-

10.1

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

485
1,362
408

369
838
226

76,0
61.6
55.2

343
808
211

70.7
59.3
51.6

26
30
15

7.0
3.6
6.6

State and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate’

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

1,111

'

-

Arkansas

5.2
4.6

5.5
2.9

4.8

-

5.5

10.7

11.3
8.5
4.3

8.5

-

9.9
9.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,740
806
934
157

1,045
587
458
79

60.0
72.8
49.0
50.1

951
539
412
61

54.7
66.8
44.2
38.9

93
48
45
18

8.9

8.0

8.1
9.9
22.3

6.9
8.4
17.5

-

W hite........................................................... .
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,465
691
774
120

900
507
393
65

61.4
73.4
50.8
54.0

840
477
364
53

57.4
69.0
47.0
44.5

59
30
29
11

6.6
6.0
7.4
17.5

5.7
4.8
6.0
12.6

-

22.4

Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

255
105
150

131
71
60

51.5
67.7
40.1

99
54
45

38.6
51.3
29.8

33
17
16

24.9
24.2
25.8

21.0
19.0
20.0

-

28.8
29.5
31.5

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............. ............
Other marital status2 ....................................

352
1,065
323

224
675
146

63.6
63.4
45.1

181
638
132

51.4
59.9
40.9

43
37
14

19.2
5.4
9.3

16.4
4.5
6.7

-

21.9
6.4
11.9

12,503
7,039
5,464
816

65.8
77.6
55.0
52.9

11,532
6,475
5,056
664

60.7
71.4
50.9
43.0

972
564
408
152

7.8
8.0
7.5
18.7

7.5
7.6
7.0
17.0

-

8.1
8.4
7.9
20.3

11.4
27.1
7.5
7.1

8.9

California
T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

18,999
.9,068
9,931
1,543

.

-*

See footnotes at end of table.

35

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

15,991
7,664
8,327
1,252

10,581
6,016
4,565
716

66.2
78.5
54.8
57.2

9,815
5,577
4,237
590

61.4
72.8
50.9
47.2

767
439
328
126

7.2
7.3
7.2
17.5

6.9
6.9
6.7
15.8

-

7.6
7.7
7.7
19.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,407
638
769
150

893
461
432
50

63.5
72.3
56.2
33.3

767
384
383
34

54.6
60.3
49.8
22.4

126
77
49
16

14.1
16.6
11.4
32.8

12.6
14.5
9.5
25.2

-

15.6
18.8
13.4
40.3

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,099
1,506
1,593
373

2,043
1,236
807
181

65.9
82.0
50.7
48.6

1,810
1,094
716
140

58.4
72.6
44.9
37.6

233
142
91
41

11.4
11.5
11.3
22.6

10.5
10.3
9.9
18.9

-

12.3
12.6
12.7
26.3

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

4,996
10,461
3,542

3,614
6,903
1,987

72.3
66.0
56.1

3,189
6,510
1,833

63.8
62.2
51.7

425
393
154

11.8
5.7
7.8

11.1
5.3
7.0

-

12.4
6.0
8.5

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,345
1,132
1,213
175

1,707
938
768
106

72.8
82.9
63.3
60.3

1,610
887
724
89

68.7
78.3
59.7
50.8

96
52
44
17

5.6
5.5
5.8
15.9

4.9
4.6
4.7
11.6

-

6.3
6.5
6.8
20.2

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,218
1,074
1,145
161

1,609
890
719
99

72.5
82.9
62.8
61.4

1,526
844
682
85

68.8
78.6
59.6
52.7

83
46
37
14

5.2
5.2
5.2
14.1

4.5
4.3
4.1
9.9

-

5.9
6.1
6.2
18.4

State and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

California—Continued

Colorado

B lack...............................................................

83

67

80.3

57

68.9

9

14.1

8.9

-

19.4

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................

204
95
109

143
76
66

70.0
80.7
60.7

127
67
61

62.4
70.6
55.4

15
10
6

10.8
12.5
8.8

7.6
7.9
4.5

-

14.0
17.1
13.1

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

565
1,396
384

437
1,021
248

77.4
73.1
64.7

401
979
231

70.9
70.1
60.2

37
42
17

8.4
4.1
6.9

6.8
3.3
4.9

-

10.1
4.9
8.9

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,453
1,176
1,277
200

1,672
927
745
116

68.2
78.8
58.3
58.2

1,595
888
707
101

65.0
75.5
55.4
50.5

77
39
38
15

4.6
4.2
5.1
13.3

4.0
3.5
4.2
9.9

-

5.2
5.0
6.0
16.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,240
1,077
1,163
174

1,521
850
671
107

67.9
78.9
57.7
61.3

1,455
816
639
94

65.0
75.8
55.0
54.0

66
34
32
13

4.3
4.0
4.7
11.9

3.7
3.2
3.8
8.5

-

4.9
4.8
5.7
15.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

‘

189
86
103

132
67
65

70.2
78.0
63.7

122
62
60

64.6
72.1
58.4

10
5
5

7.9
7.6
8.2

5.3
4.0
4.4

-

10.5
11.2
12.0

662
1,384
407

483
971
218

72.9
70.2
53.7

446
942
207

67.4
68.1
50.9

36
30
11

7.5
3.0
5.1

6.2
2.4
3.4

-

8.6
3.7
6.7

462
215
247
39

308
164
143
23

66.6
76.5
58.0
59.3

289
155
134
19

62.5
72.1
54.2
49.8

19
9
9
4

6.2
5.8
6.6
16.0

5.4
4.8
5.5
12.2

-

6.9
6.7
7.7
19.7

Connecticut

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................
Dataware
T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................
See footnotes at end of table.

36

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian non­
institutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate’

Delaware— Continued
W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

391
182
209
31

260
141
119
20

66.4
77.5
56.8
64.9

247
134
112
17

63.1
73.8
53.8
55.7

13
7
6
3

5.0
4.7
5.3
14.2

4.3
3.8
4.2
10.3

-

5.7
5.7
6.4
18.0

Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

67
31
35

45
22
23

67.0
70.3
64.1

39
19
20

58.3
61.4
55.6

6
3
3

12.9
12.7
13.2

10.3
9.0
9.5

-

15.5
16.3
16.8

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

115
269
78

84
181
43

73.2
67.3
54.4

75
174
39

65.5
64.8
50.3

9
7
3

10.6
3.7
7.6

8.9
3.0
5.5

-

12.3
4.5
9.6

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

481
218
263
33

320
160
160
15

66.5
73.4
60.8
45.2

291
145
146
10

60.5
66.6
55.4
28.7

29
15
14
6

9.0
9.2
8.8
36.5

8.1
7.9
7.5
31.1

-

9.9
10.4
10.0
41.9

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

142
65
77

100
51
48

70.1
78.7
62.7

97
50
47

68.4
77.0
61.1

2
1
1

2.3
2.2
2.5

1.5
1.0
1.3

-

3.2
3.3
3.8

Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

328
149
179
28

214
106
108
13

65.1
71.4
59.9
45.4

188
93
95
8

57.2
62.3
53.0
27.0

26
13
12
5

12.1
12.7
11.6
40.5

10.9
10.9
9.9
34.6

-

13.4
14.4
13.3
46.5

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present .............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

204
157
120

147
103
70

72.0
65.7
58.3

128
99
65

62.7
62.8
53.9

19
4
5

12.9
4.4
7.5

11.4
3.2
5.8

-

14.4
5.5
9.2

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ................................. .............................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

8,588
4,007
4,580
620

5,099
2,824
2,275
349

59.4
70.5
49.7
56.3

4,777
2,665
2,112
287

55.6
66.5
46.1
46.2

322
159
163
62

6.3
5.6
7.2
17.9

5.8
5.0
6.4
15.1

-

6.8
6.3
7.9
20.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

7,284
3,431
3,853
473

4,237
2,389
1,848
285

58.2
69.6
48.0
60.1

4,032
2,285
1,747
247

55.4
66.6
45.3
52.1

205
104
101
38

4.8
4.4
5.4
13.3

4.4
3.8
4.7
10.5

-

5.3
5.0
6.2
16.1

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,228
545
683
140

808
408
400
62

65.8
74.8
58.7
43.8

695
354
341
37

56.6
64.9
49.9
26.5

113
54
60
24

14.0
13.2
14.9
39.6

12.3
10.8
12.4
31.9

-

15.8
15.6
17.4
47.3

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

762
346
416

504
277
227

66.2
80.1
54.6

468
260
208

61.5
75.2
50.1

36
17
19

7.1
6.2
8.3

5.5
4.1
5.7

-

8.8
8.2
10.9

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

1,756
5,117
1,715

1,246
2,994
859

71.0
58.5
50.1

1,110
2,861
806

63.2
55.9
47.0

136
133
53

10.9
4.5
6.1

9.7
3.9
5.0

-

12.1
5.0
7.3

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

4,238
1,978
2,260
375

2,760
1,520
1,240
198

65.1
76.9
54.8
52.8

2,594
1,438
1,156
160

61.2
72.7
51.1
42.7

166
82
84
38

6.0
5.4
6.8
19.1

5.3
4.5
5.7
15.3

-

6.7
6.2
7.8
23.0

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,139
1,495
1,644
251

2,057
1,175
882
142

65.5
78.6
53.6
56.8

1,971
1,132
839
126

62.8
75.7
51.0
50.2

86
43
43
16

4.2
3.7
4.8
11.6

3.5
2.9
3.8
7.8

-

4.8
4.5
5.9
15.4

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................

1,064
469
595

682
335
347

64.1
71.3
58.4

605
296
309

56.9
63.1
52.0

77
39
38

11.3
11.5
11.0

9.5
9.0
8.6

-

13.0
14.0
13.4

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

See footnotes at end of table.

37

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Employment

Unemployment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

977
2,474
787

653
1,688
419

66.8
68.2
53.3

580
1,619
395

59.4
65.4
50.2

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

722
347
375
60

473
255
218
27

65.5
73.5
58.1
45.3

446
240
206
23

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

228
105
123

148
79
69

64.8
75.5
55.7

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

210
400
112

148
264
61

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

702
339
363
67

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................
Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

State and population group

Rate

Error range of
rate'

73
69
24

11.1
4.1
5.7

9.4
3.4
4.1

-

12.9
4.8
7.3

61.8
69.1
55.0
37.9

27
15
12
4

5.6
5.9
5.3
16.4

5.0
5.0
4.3
12.1

-

6.3
6.9
6.3
20.6

140
76
64

61.2
72.1
51.9

8
4
5

5.5
4.5
6.7

4.3
3.0
4.8

-

6.7
6.0
8.6

70.5
66.1
54.2

138
252
56

65.7
63.1
50.1

10
12
5

6.9
4.5
7.5

5.6
3.7
5.4

-

8.2
5.3
9.6

464
265
199
40

66.1
78.3
54.8
60.0

431
245
186
34

61.4
72.5
51.1
50.8

33
20
14
6

7.2
7.4
6.8
15.2

6.3
6.3
5.5
11.2

-

8.0
8.6
8.1
19.3

685
330
355
64

453
259
194
39

66.1
78.5
54.7
60.2

421
240
181
33

61.5
72.8
50.9
50.8

32
19
13
6

7.1
7.3
6.8
15.6

6.2
6.1
5.5
11.4

-

8.0
8.4
8.1
19.7

140
457
105

100
306
59

71.7
66.9
55.7

88
290
54

62.8
63.4
50.9

12
16
5

12.4
5.1
8.7

10.1
4.2
6.1

-

14.8
6.1
11.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

8,613
4,120
4,493
706

5,604
3,163
2,442
389

65.1
76.8
54.3
55.1

5,093
2,885
2,208
303

59.1
70.0
49.1
42.9

511
277
234
87

9.1
8.8
9.6
22.2

8.6
8.1
8.8
19.6

-

9.6
9.4
10.4
24.9

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

7,322
3,538
3,784
567

4,618
2,758
2,059
349

65.8
78.0
54.4
61.5

4,457
2,557
1,900
283

60.9
72.3
50.2
49.8

361
202
159
66

7.5
7.3
7.7
19.0

7.0
6.6
6.9
16.3

-

8.0
8.0
8.5
21.7

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

1,136
508
628

679
346
333

59.7
68.1
53.0

536
274
262

47.2
53.9
41.7

143
72
71

21.1
• 20.9
21.2

19.0
18.1
18.3

-

23.1
23.8
24.1

Hispanic origin...............................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

369
192
176

256
156
100

69.5
81.0
56.9

223
138
85

60.4
71.6
48.1

34
18
16

13.1
11.6
15.5

10.3
8.2
10.8

-

15.9
14.9
20.1

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

2,220
5,001
1,392

1,556
3,354
694

70.1
67.1
49.9

1,316
3,158
619

59.3
63.1
44.5

240
196
75

15.4
5.8
10.8

14.2
5.3
9.3

-

16.6
6.4
12.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

4,088
1,942
2,146
373

2,627
1,481
1,146
209

64.3
76.3
53.4
56.1

2,400
1,352
1,048
172

58.7
69.6
48.8
46.0

226
129
97
38

8.6
8.7
8.5
18.1

7.9
7.8
7.5
14.8

-

9.3
9.6
9.6
21.3

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,776
1,810
1,965
337

2,443
1,394
1,049
197

64.7
77.0
53.4
58.5

2,256
1,285
972
164

59.8
71.0
49.4
48.6

187
109
78
33

7.6
7.8
7.4
16.8

7.0
6.9
6.4
13.6

-

8.3
8.7
8.5
20.1

B lack...............................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

285
119
165

168
79
89

59.0
66.0
53.9

129
59
70

45.2
49.6
42.1

39
20
20

23.3
24.9
21.9

19.4
19.1
16.6

-

27.3
30.8
27.3

Number

Georgia—Continued
Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................
Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

See footnotes at end of table.

38

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

922
2,531
635

638
1,663
326

69.2
65.7
51.4

545
1,569
287

59.1
62.0
45.2

93
94
39

14.6
5.7
12.0

12.9
4.9
9.8

-

16.3
6.4
14.3

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,169
1,025
1,144
184

1,417
796
621
108

65.3
77.6
54.3
58.4

1,318
737
580
90

60.8
71.9
50.8
48.9

100
59
41
18

7.0
7.4
6.6
16.3

6.2
6.2
5.3
12.0

-

7.9
8.5
7.8
20.6

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ....... I............

2,127
1,006
1,121
179

1,395
783
612
105

65.6
77.9
54.6
58.8

1,302
729
573
88

61.2
72.4
51.1
49.5

94
55
39
17

6.7
7.0
6.4
15.9

5.9
5.8
5.1
11.6

-

7.6
8.1
7.6
20.2

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse p resent.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

484
1,355
329

344
920
153

71.1
67.9
46.6

306
871
140

63.2
64.3
42.6

38
49
13

11.0
5.3
8.5

8.9
4.4
5.7

-

13.1
6.2
11.3

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,797
844
953
142

1,197
665
532
83

66.6
78.8
55.9
58.5

1,135
633
502
72

63.1
74.9
52.7
51.1

63
33
30
11

5.2
4.9
5.7
12.7

4.5
3.9
4.5
8.5

-

6.0
5.9
6.8
16.9

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,682
791
891
128

1,126
628
498
75

66.9
79.4
55.9
58.4

1,075
601
473
67

63.9
76.0
53.1
52.1

51
27
24
8

4.5
4.3
4.9
10.7

3.8
3.3
3.8
6.6

-

5.3
5.2
6.0
14.9

B lack...............................................................

89

55

61.4

47

52.4

8

14.7

9.2

-

20.3

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

355
1,159
283

250
796
151

70.4
68.7
53.3

226
770
139

63.8
66.4
48.9

23
27
13

9.4
3.3
8.4

7.2
2.6
5.8

-

11.5
4.1
11.0

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,735
1,296
1,439
237

1,717
983
734
111

62.8
75.8
51.0
46.9

1,556
896
660
87

56.9
69.1
45.9
36.9

160
87
73
24

9.3
8.9
10.0
21.3

8.3
7.5
8.4
15.9

-

10.4
10.2
11.6
26.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,516
1,196
1,320
216

1,591
914
676
105

63.2
76.4
51.2
48.6

1,452
839
613
85

57.7
70.1
46.5
39.2

138
75
63
20

8.7
8.2
9.3
19.2

7.7
6.9
7.7
13.8

-

9.7
9.6
11.0
24.6

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................

213
98

122
67

57.4
68.3

101
55

47.2
56.5

22
12

17.8
17.4

12.8
10.7

-

22.7
24.0

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

530
1,750
455

334
1,147
236

63.0
65.5
51.8

281
1,065
210

53.0
60.9
46.2

53
82
26

15.9
7.1
10.9

13.0
6.0
8.0

-

18.7
8.2
13.8

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,179
1,498
1,681
281

1,940
1,117
823
132

61.0
74.6
48.9
47.0

1,745
1,007
738
104

54.9
67.2
43.9
37.0

194
110
85
28

10.0
9.8
10.3
21.2

9.2
8.7
9.0
17.1

-

10.9
10.9
11.6
25.3

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,276
1,085
1,190
184

1,402
838
564
93

61.6
77.3
47.3
50.6

1,295
776
519
80

56.9
71.5
43.6
43.7

107
63
45
13

7.6
7.5
7.9
13.8

6.8
6.3
6.5
9.5

-

8.5
8.6
9.3
18.1

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

868
397
471

517
266
250

59.5
67.1
53.1

431
220
212

49.7
55.4
44.9

85
46
39

16.5
17.4
15.5

14.5
14.6
12.7

-

18.5
20.2
18.3

State and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate'

Indiana— Continued
Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present .............................
Other marital status2 ....................................
Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

See footnotes at end of table.

39

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Employment

Unemployment

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

740
1,893
546

449
1,232
259

60.6
65.1
47.4

373
1,140
233

50.4
60.2
42.6

76
92
26

16.9
7.5
10.1

14.8
6.6
7.8

-

19.0
8.4
12.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

867
409
458
76

552
302
250
45

63.7
73.9
54.5
58.7

518
284
234
38

59.8
69.3
51.2
49.3

34
19
15
7

6.1
6.1
6.2
16.1

5.4
5.1
5.0
12.2

-

6.9
7.2
7.3
20.0

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

859
406
453
75

547
300
247
45

63.7
73.9
54.5
59.3

514
282
232
38

59.8
69.3
51.2
49.9

33
18
15
7

6.1
6.1
6.0
15.8

5.3
5.1
4.9
11.9

-

6.8
7.1
7.2
19.8

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

187
549
131

128
361
63

68.7
65.6
48.1

115
346
57

61.8
62.9
43.4

13
15
6

10.0
4.1
9.8

8.1
3.3
7.0

-

12.0
4.9
12.5

To tal................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,290
1,586
1,704
286

2,244
1,235
1,010
158

68.2
77.9
59.2
55.1

2,123
1,171
952
134

64.5
73.9
55.9
47.0

121
64
57
23

5.4
5.2
5.7
14.7

4.8
4.8
11.6

-

6.0
5.9
6.5
17.9

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,539
1,243
1,296
211

1,726
972
753
129

68.0
78.2
58.1
61.1

1,650
935
715
115

65.0
75.2
55.2
54.6

76
38
38
14

4.4
3.9
5.0
10.6

3.6
3.1
4.1
7.5

-

5.0
4.6
6.0
13.7

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

673
310
363

465
236
229

69.2
76.3
63.1

422
211
211

62.7
68.0
58.3

43
26
17

9.3
10.9
7.6

7.7
8.5
5.6

-

10.9
13.3
9.7

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

919
1,842
530

665
1,278
301

72.4
69.4
56.9

600
1,239
284

65.3
67.3
53.6

65
38
17

9.8
3.0
5.8

8.5
2.4
4.2

-

11.2
3.6
7.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

4,517
2,132
2,385
386

3,051
1,683
1,368
239

67.5
79.0
57.4
62.0

2,906
1,602
1,304
216

64.3
75.2
54.6
56.0

145
81
65
23

4.8
4.8
4.7
9.6

4.4
4.3
4.1
7.6

-

5.2
5.4
5.3
11.5

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

4,315
2,046
2,269
366

2,909
1,618
1,290
233

67.4
79.1
56.9
63.6

2,775
1,544
1,231
212

64.3
75.4
54.3
57.8

134
75
59
21

4.6
4.6
4.6
9.0

4.2
4.1
4.0
7.1

-

5.0
5.2
5.2
11.0

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................

155
63
93

113
48
65

72.7
76.5
70.1

102
42
60

65.6
66.9
64.7

11
6
5

9.7
12.5
7.7

6.8
7.6
4.2

-

12.7
17.5
11.1

Hispanic origin...............................................

82

47

57.1

39

47.7

8

16.4

11.1

-

21.7

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

1,344
2,445
727

1,008
1,679
364

75.0
68.7
50.1

941
1,621
344

70.0
66.3
47.2

67
58
20

6.6
3.5
5.6

5.8
3.0
4.4

-

7.5
3.9
6.9

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

6,762
3,208
3,554
641

4,359
2,447
1,912
384

64.5
76.3
53.8
59.9

3,871
2,180
1,691
290

57.2
68.0
47.6
45.2

488
266
221
94

11.2
10.9
11.6
24.5

10.6
10.0
10.6
21.8

-

11.8
11.7
12.5
27.2

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

5,851
2,791
3,060
536

3,818
2,157
1,661
332

65.3
77.3
54.3
61.9

3,470
1,968
1,503
265

59.3
70.5
49.1
49.4

348
190
158
67

9.1
8.8
9.5
20.2

8.5
8.0
8.6
17.4

-

9.7
9.6
10.5
23.0

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate'

Louisiana—Continued
Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

Maine

Maryland

4.4

Massachusetts

Michigan

See footnotes at end of table.

40

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian non­
institutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate'

Michigan—Continued
Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women .................................... ...................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

825
377
448
100

491
262
229
50

59.5
69.6
51.0
50.5

359
190
169
24

43.5
50.4
37.7
24.5

132
72
60
26

26.9
27.5
26.2
51.6

24.4
24.0
22.6
44.7

-

29.4
30.9
29.9
58.4

Hispanic origin...............................................

89

60

67.1

49

54.8

11

18.3

12.0

-

24.7

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

1,719
3,891
1,152

1,214
2,573
571

70.7
66.1
49.6

997
2,392
482

58.0
61.5
41.9

217
181
89

17.9
7.1
15.6

16.5
6.4
13.6

-

19.3
7.7
17.5

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ............................................
.........
Women .......................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,108
1,533
1,575
277

2,229
1,241
988
192

71.7
80.9
62.7
69.3

2,088
1,151
937
170

67.2
75.1
59.5
61.1

141
90
51
23

6.3
7.3
5.1
11.8

5.6
6.2
4.1
8.5

-

7.1
8.3
6.1
15.1

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,005
1,476
1,529
264

2,161
1,201
960
185

71.9
81.4
62.8
70.2

2,030
1,118
912
164

67.6
75.7
59.7
62.2

131
83
47
21

6.0
6.9
4.9
11.4

5.3
5.9
3.9
8.1

-

6.8
8.0
6.0
14.7

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

809
1,899
400

637
1,364
228

78.8
71.8
57.0

577
1,304
207

71.3
68.7
51.7

61
59
21

9.5
4.3
9.2

7.9
3.6
6.5

-

11.2
5.1
11.9

T o ta l............... ................................................
Men ......................................................... ..
Women ......... ..............................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,840
839
1,001
145

1,074
604
470
60

58.4
72.1
46 9
41.5

958
542
416
41

52.1
64.7
41.5
27.9

116
62
54
20

10.8
10.3
11.5
32.7

9.8
9.0
9.9
27.0

-

11.8
11.6
13.0
38.3

W hite...............................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,260
588
672
86

756
447
310
44

60.0
76.0
46.1
51.0

704
415
288
34

55.8
70.6
42.9
39.4

53
32
21
10

7.0
7.1
6.8
22.8

6.0
5.8
5.3
16.6

-

8.0
8.4
8.3
29.1

Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

577
249
328

316
157
159

54.8
62.9
48.7

253
126
127

43.9
50.7
38.7

63
30
33

20.0
19.3
20.6

17.6
16.1
17.3

-

22.3
22.6
23.8

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present .............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

392
1,065
383

237
675
162

60.5
63.4
42.3

184
633
141

46.8
59.4
36.9

53
42
21

22.6
6.2
12.7

19.9
5.2
10.0

-

25.3
7.2
15.4

T o ta l................................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,766
1,789
1,977
287

2,379
1,347
1,032
158

63.2
75.3
52.2
54.8

2,207
1,246
961
132

58.6
69.7
48.6
46.0

172
100
71
25

7.2
7.5
6.9
16.0

6.5
6.5
5.8
12.2

-

7.9
8.4
7.9
19.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,412
1,631
1,781
259

2,148
1,232
916
143

63.0
75.5
51.4
55.3

2,020
1,158
862
121

59.2
71.0
48.4
47.0

128
74
54
22

6.0
6.0
5.9
15.1

5.3
5.1
4.9
11.2

-

6.7
6.9
6.9
18.9

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

320
142
178

209
104
104

65.2
73.4
58.6

167
79
88

52.2
55.5
49.6

41
26
16

19.8
24.4
15.3

16.3
19.1
10.6

-

23.4
29.7
19.9

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present..........
Other marital status2 .....................................

767
2,372
627

531
1,541
307

69.2
65.0
49.0

463
1,471
273

60.3
62.0
43.5

68
69
34

12.8
4.5
11.1

10.9
3.8
8.7

-

14.7
5.2
13.4

603
297
306
44

405
234
172
24

67.2
78.9
56.0
54.3

376
218
158
20

62.3
73.4
51.5
45.8

30
16
14
4

7.4
7.0
8.0
15.8

6.5
5.8
6.6
10.8

-

8.3
8.1
9.4
20.8

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana
T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................
See footnotes at end of table.

41

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Unemployment

Percent of
population

. Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Montana—Continued
W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

571
283
288
41

386
224
162
23

67.6
79.3
56.1
56.7

360
210
150
20

63.1
74.3
52.1
48.9

26
14
12
3

6.6
6.2
7.2
13.9

5.7
5.1
5.8
9.0

-

7.5
7.3
8.6
18.7

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

129
384
90

92
263
50

71.1
68.7
55.6

82
249
45

63.3
64.8
50.1

10
15
5

11.0
5.6
10.0

8.7
4.7
7.1

-

13.2
6.6
12.9

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,183
561
622
93

798
443
355
58

67.5
79.1
57.0
62.9

763
427
336
51

64.5
76.2
54.0
54.6

35
16
19
8

4.4
3.7
5.2
13.2

3.7
2.8
4.1
9.0

-

5.1
4.6
6.4
17.4

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,137
541
596
86

771
430
341
56

67.8
79.5
57.1
66.0

739
416
323
50

65.0
76.9
54.2
58.0

31
14
17
7

4.1
3.3
5.1
12.1

3.4
2.4
3.9
8.0

-

4.8
4.1
6.2
16.2

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

257
742
184

189
519
90

73.8
69.9
48.7

174
506
83

67.7
68.2
45.2

16
13
7

8.3
2.5
7.3

6.4
1.8
4.7

-

10.2
3.1
9.9

T o ta l................................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

685
341
344
53

496
281
215
31

72.4
82.4
62.5
58.8

457
260
197
24

66.7
76.3
57.3
45.2

39
21
18
7

7.8
7.4
8.4
23.2

6.9
6.2
7.0
18.0

-

8.7
8.5
9.8
28.4

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

610
304
306
44

440
250
189
27

72.1
82.3
61.9
60.8

408
233
174
22

66.8
76.7
57.0
49.2

32
17
15
5

7.3
6.8
7.8
19.2

6.3
5.7
6.4
13.9

-

8.2
8.0
9.3
24.5

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

46
24
22

36
20
16

78.5
82.0
74.7

31
17
14

67.1
71.1
62.6

5
3
3

14.6
13.2
16.2

10.3
7.7
9.6

-

18.8
18.8
22.8

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

154
387
143

122
273
101

78.9
70.5
70.4

105
259
92

68.3
67.0
64.3

16
14
9

13.5
5.0
8.6

11.2
4.0
6.6

-

15.7
6.0
10.7

T o ta l................................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

737
350
387
63

520
280
240
45

70.6
802
62.0
71.3

498
268
230
40

67.6
76.7
59.4
64.5

22
12
10
4

4.3
4.3
4.2
9.6

3.7
3.5
3.4
6.8

-

4.9
5.1
5.1
12.5

W hite...............................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

731
346
385
63

516
278
238
45

70.7
80.4
61.9
71.4

495
266
228
40

67.7
76.9
59.3
64.5

22
12
10
4

4.2
4.3
4.2
9.6

3.6
3.5
3.3
6.8

-

4.8
5.1
5.0
12.5

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

173
451
113

133
325
62

77.0
72.0
55.1

124
315
59

71.8
69.8
52.4

9
10
3

6.8
3.1
5.0

5.3
2.4
3.2

-

8.2
3.7
6.9

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

5,840
2,705
3,135
501

3,829
2,121
1,708
262

65.6
78.4
54.5
52.3

3,592
1,993
1,599
216

61.5
73.7
51.0
43.0

236
127
109
46

6.2
6.0
6.4
17.7

5.7
5.4
5.6
14.9

-

6.7
6.6
7.1
20.5

W hite...............................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

5,080
2,355
2,725
409

3,330
1,858
1,471
232

65.5
78.9
54.0
56.6

3,150
1,767
1,383
198

62.0
75.0
50.8
48.4

179
91
88
34

5.4
4.9
6.0
14.6

4.9
4.3
5.2
11.8

-

5.9
5.5
6.7
17.3

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

See footnotes at end of table.

42

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race,, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

New Jersey—Continued
Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

649
296
353

420
217
203

64.7
73.2
57.6

366
183
184

56.4
61.6
52.0

54
34
20

12.8
15.8
9.7

10.8
12.8
7.1

-

14.8
18.8
12.2

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

358
169
189

252
149
102

70.2
88.4
54.1

221
134
87

61.7
79.5
45.9

30
15
15

12.1
10.1
15.0

9.6
7.1
10.8

-

14.6
13.1
19.3

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

1,630
3,259
952

1,161
2,188
480

71.2
67.1
50.5

1,045
2,103
444

64.1
64.5
46.7

116
84
36

10.0
3.8
7.5

3.9
3.3
6.0

-

11.1
4.4
9.0

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,012
488
524
99

628
365
264
48

62.1
74.8
50.3
48.2

582
337
245
39

57.5
69.1
46.6
39.6

47
28
19
8

7.5
7.6
7.2
17.7

6.6
6.5
5.9
13.5

-

8.3
8.7
8.5
22.0

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

875
424
451
79

553
324
229
43

63.1
76.3
50.8
53.7

516
302
213
36

58.9
71.3
47.3
45.0

37
21
16
7

6.7
6.6
6.8
16.3

5.8
5.5
5.5
11.9

-

7.5
7.7
8.1
20.6

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

309
153
157
37

190
116
74
19

61.4
76.0
47.2
53.0

170
104
66
15

54.9
68.0
42.1
41.9

20
12
8
4

10.7
10.5
10.8
20.9

8.9
8.3
8.0
13.9

-

12.4
12.8
13.7
27.9

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

233
625
154

149
395
84

64.0
63.3
54.4

131
374
76

56.2
59.9
49.4

18
21
8

12.2
5.3
9.1

10.1
4.4
6.6

-

14.3
6.2
11.6

To tal................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

13,633
6,327
7,306
1,181

8,089
4,579
3,510
497

59.3
72.4
48.0
42.1

7,505
4,247
3,259
401

55.1
67.1
44.6
33.9

584
332
251
97

7.2
7.3
7.2
19.4

6.8
6.8
6.6
17.3

-

7.6
7.7
7.7
21.5

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

11,372
5,319
6,053
935

6,788
3,909
2,880
435

59.7
73.5
47.6
46.5

6,362
3,663
2,699
367

55.9
68.9
44.6
39.2

426
246
181
68

6.3
6.3
6.3
15.6

5.9
5:8
5.7
13.5

-

6.7
6.8
6.8
17.7

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,891
827
1,063
214

1,063
538
525
54

56.2
65.0
49.4
25.2

922
461
461
27

48.8
55.7
43.3
12.5

141
77
65
27

13.3
14.3
12.3
50.3

12.0
12.4
10.5
44.2

-

14.6
16.1
14.1
56.4

Hispanic origin...............................................
M en ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

1,217
503
714

620
355
265

50.9
70.6
37.1

544
314
230

44.7
62.4
32.3

76
41
35

12.2
11.6
13.0

10.6
9.5
10.5

-

13.8
13.7
15.6

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

4,039
7,163
2,431

2,557
4,489
1,043

63.3
62.7
42.9

2,254
4,290
961

55.8
59.9
39.5

303
198
82

11.9
4.4
7.9

11.1
4.0
6.8

-

12.6
4.8
8.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

4,573
2,141
2,432
407

3,033
1,645
1,388
221

66.3
76.8
57.1
54.2

2,828
1,556
1.272
176

61.8
72.7
52.3
43.2

205
89
116
45

6.7
5.4
8.3
20.2

6.0
4.5
7.1
15.9

-

7.5
6.3
9.6
24.5

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,579
1,703
1,876
291

2,392
1,332
1,060
172

66.8
78.3
56.5
59.2

2,283
1,280
1,003
146

63.8
75.2
53.5
50.4

109
52
56
26

4.5
3.9
5.3
14.9

3.8
3.0
4.2
10.5

-

5.3
4.8
6.5
19.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

947
416
531

608
296
312

64.2
71.0
58.8

517
260
256

54.6
62.6
48.3

91
35
56

14.9
11.9
17.8

12.6
8.8
14.3

-

17.3
15.0
21.3

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina
T o ta l................................................................
M e n ............................................ .................

See footnotes at end of table.

43

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Employment

Unemployment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

1,053
2,741
779

703
1,919
410

66.8
70.0
52.7

605
1,846
377

57.5
67.4
48.4

98
73
33

14.0
3.8
8.1

11.9
3.1
5.9

-

16.1
4.5
10.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

490
241
249
43

327
190
137
25

66.8
78.8
55.1
58.7

311
180
130
22

63.4
74.7
52.5
50.8

17
10
7
3

5.1
5.3
4.8
13.4

4.3
4.2
3.6
9.1

-

5.9
6.3
6.0
17.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

472
233
239
39

316
185
132
24

67.0
79.2
55.1
61.1

302
177
126
21

64.1
75.7
52.7
54.4

14
8
6
3

4.4
4.4
4.3
11.0

3.6
3.5
3.2
7.0

-

5.1
5.4
5.5
15.1

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

111
322
57

78
223
27

69.8
69.1
48.1

70
216
25

62.8
67.0
44.2

8
7
2

9.9
3.0
8.1

7.8
2.3
4.7

-

12.1
3.8
11.4

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

6,056
3,814
4,242
678

5,099
2,904
2,195
364

63.3
76.1
51.7
53.8

4,618
2,616
2,002
288

57.3
68.6
47.2
42.5

481
288
192
76

9.4
9.9
8.8
20.9

8.9
9.2
8.0
18.3

-

10.0
10.6
9.5
23.4

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

7,228
3,440
3,788
592

4,590
2,646
1,944
327

63.5
76.9
51.3
55.2

4,207
2,413
1,794
269

58.2
70.2
47.3
45.5

383
232
151
58

8.3
8.8
7.8
17.7

7.8
8.1
7.0
15.1

-

8.9
9.5
8.5
20.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................

782
353
429

480
242
238

61.4
68.6
55.4

386
188
198

49.4
53.3
46.2

94
54
40

19.5
22.3
16.7

17.3
19.1
13.7

-

21.8
25.6
19.7

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

1,865
4,832
1,359

1,282
3,148
668

68.8
65.1
49.2

1,088
2,936
593

58.4
60.8
43.7

194
212
75

15.1
6.7
11.2

13.9
6.2
9.7

-

16.4
7.3
12.7

T o ta l................................................................
Men ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,413
1,135
1,278
190

1,548
857
691
102

64.1
75.5
54.0
53.6

1,439
791
648
82

59.6
69.8
50.7
42.9

109
66
43
20

7.0
7.6
6.3
19.9

6.3
6.6
5.2
15.7

-

7.8
8.7
7.3
24.2

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,104
998
1,106
156

1,360
765
595
87

64.7
76.7
53.8
55.6

1,275
712
563
69

60.6
71.4
50.9
44.6

85
53
32
17

6.2
6.9
5.4
19.7

5.5
5.9
4.3
15.1

-

7.0
8.0
6.4
24.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

161
76
85

103
53
49

63.8
70.6
57.7

88
47
41

55.0
61.9
48.8

14
7
8

13.8
12.3
15.5

10.0
7.2
9.7

-

17.7
17.4
21.3

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse p resent.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

465
1,525
423

310
1,005
232

66.8
65.9
54.8

274
953
213

58.9
62.5
50.3

37
53
19

11.8
5.3
8.2

9.6
4.5
6.2

-

13.9
6.1
10.3

To tal................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,026
999
1,027
158

1,336
760
576
91

65.9
76.1
56.1
58.0

1,210
689
522
74

59.7
69.0
50.8
47.0

125
71
54
17

9.4
9.3
9.4
19.0

8.5
6.2
8.1
14.6

-

10.3
10.5
10.8
23.4

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,920
943
977
144

1,264
716
548
85

65.8
75.9
56.1
58.9

1,151
653
497
69

60.0
69.3
50.9
48.1

113
62
50
16

8.9
8.7
9.2
18.4

8.0
7.5
7.8
13.9

-

9.6
9.9
10.6
23.0

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

445
1,225
356

319
805
212

71 6
65.7
59.5

270
755
185

60.6
61.7
52.0

49
50
27

15.2
6.2
12.6

13.0
5.2
10.1

-

17.5
7.2
15.2

State and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

North Carolina—Continued
Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

See footnotes at end of table.

44

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian nonlnstltutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Civilian noninstitutional
population

T o tal................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

State and population group

Civilian labor force

Unemployment

Employment

Error range of
rate1

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

9,211
4,355
4,856
769

5,487
3,156
2,331
400

59.6
72.5
48.0
52.0

4,988
2,862
2,126
320

54.2
65.7
43.8
41.6

499
294
205
80

9.1
9.3
8.8
19.9

8.6
8.7
8.0
17.6

-

9.6
10.0
9.5
22.3

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

8,419
4,003
4,416
693

5,043
2,923
2,120
376

59.9
73.0
48.0
54.2

4,634
2,673
1,961
308

55.0
66.8
44.4
44.4

409
250
159
68

8.1
8.6
7.5
18.1

7.6
7.9
6.8
15.7

-

8.6
9.2
8.2
20.5

Black...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................

722
320
402

395
205
191

54.8
64.0
47.5

308
161
147

42.7
50.4
36.6

87
43
44

22.0
21.2
22.9

19.5
17.8
19.2

-

24.7
26.5

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

2,308
5,346
1,557

1,535
3,307
645

66.5
61.9
41.4

1,315
3,111
562

57.0
58.2
36.1

220
196
83

14.3
5.9
12.9

13.2
5.4
11.2

-

15.4
6.5
14.5

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

742
349
393
58

490
271
219
38

66.0
77.6
55.7
64.9

464
257
207
32

62.5
73.6
52.6
55.1

26
14
12
6

5.3
5.2
5.5
15.2

4.7
4.3
4.5
11.5

-

6.0
6.1
6.6
18.9

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

715
336
379
55

471
261
210
36

65.9
77.6
55.4
66.0

446
247
199
31

62.4
73.5
52.6
56.5

25
14
11
5

5.2
5.3
5.2
14.3

4.6
4.4
4.2
10.6

-

5.9
6.2
6.2
18.0

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

190
423
129

141
291
58

74.2
68.7
44.8

130
279
55

68.2
66.0
42.6

11
12
3

8.1
4.0
5.0

6.6
3.3
3.1

-

9.6
4.8
7.0

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

2,377
1,085
1,292
207

1,480
810
669
96

62.3
74.7
51.8
46.3

1,374
765
609
77

57.8
70.5
47.1
37.2

105
45
60
19

7.1
5.5
9.0
19.7

6.3
4.6
7.7
15.1

-

7.9
6.5
10.3
24.3

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,584
744
840
111

1,006
575
431
62

63.5
77.3
51.3
55.7

953
553
400
55

60.1
74.3
47.6
49.3

53
22
31
7

5.3
3.9
7.2
11.6

4.5
2.9
5.7
6.8

-

6.1
4.8
8.7
16.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

776
335
441

463
230
234

59.7
68.6
53.0

412
207
204

53.1
61.9
46.4

52
23
29

11.2
9.8
12.5

9.4
7.5
9.9

-

12.9
12.1
15.0

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

571
1,391
414

352
923
204

61.7
66.4
49.3

309
877
189

54.0
63.0
45.6

44
46
15

12.4
5.0
7.5

10.4
4.2
5.3

-

14.5
5.9
9.6

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

510
243
267
43

346
189
156
26

67.8
77.9
58.6
61.3

331
182
149
24

64.9
74.7
55.9
55.8

15
8
7
2

4.3
4.1
4.6
9.1

3.6
3.1
3.5
5.3

-

5.0
5.0
5.7
12.8

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

489
234
255
40

336
185
152
26

68.9
79.0
59.6
63.9

323
178
145
23

66.2
76.1
57.0
58.4

13
7
6
2

3.9
3.6
4.3
8.7

3.2
2.7
3.2
5.0

-

4.6
4.5
5.4
12.4

Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

108
332
70

78
231
37

72.1
69.5
53.2

72
224
35

66.6
67.4
50.2

6
7
2

7.6
3.0
5.5

5.6
2.2
3.0

-

9.6
3.7
8.0

Number

Rate

Pennsylvania

-

-

- 24.5

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

See footnotes at end of table.

45

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Employment

Unemployment

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,546
1,643
1,903
279

2,223
1,221
1,001
146

62.7
74.3
52.6
52.2

2,033
1,116
917
108

57.3
67.9
48.2
38.7

190
105
85
38

8.6
8.6
8.5
25.8

7.7
7.5
7.2
21.0

-

9.4
9.8
9.7
30.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,010
1,411
1,599
223

1,908
1,061
847
125

63.4
75.2
53.0
56.1

1,782
990
792
99

59.2
70.1
49.5
44.5

126
71
55
26

6.6
6.7
6.5
20.6

5.8
5.6
5.3
15.7

-

7.4
7.8
7.7
25.6

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

517
222
294

304
153
151

58.9
68.9
51.3

241
119
122

46.6
53.5
41.3

64
34
30

21.0
22.3
19.6

17.7
17.6
15.1

-

24.2
27.0
24.1

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

735
2,151
660

487
1,405
330

66.3
65.3
50.1

406
1,329
298

55.2
61.8
45.2

82
76
32

16.8
5.4
9.7

14.4
4.6
7.4

-

19.1
6.3
12.0

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

11,443
5,557
5,886
931

7,853
4,524
3,329
522

68.6
81.4
56.6
56.1

7,387
4,276
3,111
423

64.6
76.9
52.9
45.4

466
248
218
99

5.9
5.5
6.5
19.0

5.5
4.9
5.9
16.3

-

6.4
6.0
7.2
21.6

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

10,054
4,896
5,157
784

6,873
4,003
2,871
448

68.4
81.7
55.7
57.1

6,528
3,817
2,711
375

64.9
78.0
52.6
47.8

345
186
160
73

5.0
4.6
5.6
16.3

4.6
4.1
4.9
13.6

-

5.5
5.2
6.3
19.0

Black ...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,200
565
635
134

842
440
403
67

70.2
77.9
63.4
50.1

730
381
349
42

60.8
67.5
54.9
31.6

113
59
54
25

13.4
13.3
13.4
37.0

11.5
10.8
10.7
28.5

-

15.2
15.9
16.1
45.5

Hispanic origin...............................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,148
1,035
1,113
251

1,401
842
559
121

65.2
81.3
50.2
48.2

1,268
761
507
93

59.0
73.5
45.5
36.9

134
81
53
28

9.5
9.6
9.4
23.4

8.3
8.0
7.5
17.5

-

10.8
11.2
11.4
29.2

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

2,523
7,032
1,888

1,852
4,834
1,167

73.4
68.8
61.8

1,665
4,626
1,096

66.0
65.8
58.0

186
209
71

10.1
4.3
6.1

9.0
3.8
4.9

-

11.2
4.8
7.2

To tal................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,075
516
559
101

721
417
304
67

67.0
80.7
54.4
66.2

674
391
283
56

62.7
75.8
50.6
55.2

47
25
22
11

6.5
6.1
7.1
16.6

5.6
4.9
5.7
12.3

-

7.4
7.2
8.5
20.9

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

1,024
491
533
93

691
398
294
64

67.5
81.0
55.1
68.3

650
377
274
54

63.5
76.7
51.4
57.4

41
21
20
10

5.9
5.3
6.8
16.0

5.1
4.2
5.4
11.7

-

6.8
6.4
8.2
20.3

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present .............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

220
708
146

164
477
79

74.7
67.4
54.0

146
455
73

66.3
64.2
49.9

18
22
6

11.2
4.7
7.6

8.9
3.7
4.8

-

13.6
5.6
10.5

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

396
196
200
33

269
153
116
19

68.0
78.1
58.0
59.2

255
145
110
17

64.4
74.1
55.0
51.8

14
8
6
2

5.2
5.2
5.2
12.6

4.5
4.3
4.2
9.1

-

5.8
6.1
6.2
16.1

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

392
194
198
32

267
151
115
19

67.9
78.0
58.1
59.2

253
144
109
17

64.5
74.0
55.2
52.0

14
8
6
2

5.1
5.1
5.0
12.2

4.4
4.3
4.0
8.7

-

5.7
6.0
6.0
15.6

State and population group

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate'

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

See footnotes at end of table.

46

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstltutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Vermont—Continued
Single (never m arried).................................
Married, spouse present .............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

102
234
61

75
162
32

73.8
69.5
52.2

69
156
30

68.0
66.6
50.0

6
7
1

7.9
4.1
4.1

6.4
3.4
2.4

-

9.4
4.9
5.8

To tal................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

4,158
1,951
2,207
321

2,841
1,570
1,272
170

68.3
80.5
57.6
53.2

2,698
1,499
1,199
140

64.9
78.8
54.3
43.8

143
71
73
30

5.0
4.5
5.7
17.7

4.2
3.5
4.4
12.2

-

5.8
5.5
7.0
23.2

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,410
1,613
1,797
252

2,348
1,309
1,038
144

68.8
81.2
57.8
57.3

2,257
1,266
991
124

66.2
78.5
55.2
49.3

90
43
47
20

3.8
3.3
4.5
13.8

3.1
2.4
3.3
8.4

-

4.6
4.3
5.8
19.3

B lack...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................

684
311
374

448
236
212

65.5
76.0
56.7

399
210
188

58.2
67.6
50.4

50
26
23

11.1
11.0
11.1

8.2
7.1
6.9

-

13.9
15.0
15.3

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present .............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

961
2,484
713

686
1,764
392

71.3
71.0
54.9

613
1,714
371

63.8
69.0
52.0

72
50
21

10.6
2.8
5.3

8.3
2.1
3.1

-

12.8
3.6
7.5

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

3,230
1,565
1,665
250

2,054
1,174
880
138

63.6
75.0
52.8
55.0

1,859
1,062
797
109

57.6
67.9
47.9
43.6

194
111
63
29

9.5
9.5
9.4
20.7

8.5
8.2
7.9
15.7

-

10.4
10.8
10.9
25.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .....................

2,982
1,445
1,537
223

1,885
1,078
807
122

63.2
74.6
52.5
54.8

1,718
982
735
98

57.6
68.0
47.8
44.0

168
96
72
24

8.9
8.9
8.9
19.7

7.9
7.6
7.4
14.5

-

9.9
10.2
10.4
25.0

B lack...............................................................

95

64

67.7

50

52.7

14

22.2

14.6

-

29.8

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

685
2,011
534

503
1,254
297

73.3
62.4
55.6

434
1,159
266

63.4
57.6
49.9

68
96
31

13.6
7.6
10.3

11.3
6.5
7.6

-

15.8
8.8
12.9

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,470
695
775
126

769
465
303
45

52.3
66.9
39.2
35.7

653
385
268
32

44.4
55.4
34.6
25.6

116
80
35
13

15.0
17.2
11.7
28.3

13.9
15.7
10.1
23.1

-

16.2
18.7
13.3
33.6

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

1,418
673
745
119

739
450
289
41

52.1
66.9
38.8
34.7

631
374
256
30

44.5
55.6
34.4
25.1

109
76
33
11

14.7
16.8
11.4
27.6

13.6
15.3
9.8
22.2

-

15.8
18.3
13.0
33.0

B lack...............................................................

49

27

55.6

21

42.2

7

24.1

17.3

-

30.8

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

297
915
258

159
514
95

53.7
56.2
37.0

119
457
76

40.1
50.0
29.6

40
56
19

25.4
11.0
19.8

22.6
9.8
16.5

-

28.1
12.1
23.2

T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,562
1,728
1,834
328

2,394
1,346
1,047
215

67.2
77.9
57.1
65.7

2,218
1,237
981
176

62.3
71.6
53.5
53.6

176
110
66
40

7.3
8.1
6.3
18.4

6.5
6.9
5.1
14.2

-

8.2
9.4
7.5
22.5

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
Women ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

3,411
1,658
1,753
305

2,305
1,299
1,006
204

67.8
78.3
57.4
66.9

2,145
1,199
946
167

62.9
72.3
54.0
54.8

160
100
60
37

6.9
7.7
6.0
18.1

6.1
6.5
4.7
13.9

-

7.8
8.9
7.2
22.3

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

956
2,075
530

727
1,415
252

76.0
68.2
47.5

640
1,348
230

66.9
65.0
43.4

87
66
22

12.0
4.7
8.7

10.1
3.8
5.8

-

14.0
5.6
11.5

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

See footnotes at end of table.

47

Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian nonlnstitutional population by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital
status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Number

Unemployment

Employment

Civilian labor force
Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Wyoming
T o ta l................................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

360
180
180
30

254
148
105
17

70.4
82.5
58.4
57.3

238
138
100
15

66.0
76.7
55.3
49.1

16
10
6
2

6.3
7.0
5.4
14.2

5.5
5.8
4.2
9.7

-

7.1
8.1
6.5
18.7

W hite...............................................................
M e n ..............................................................
W o m e n ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 y e a rs .....................

352
176
176
29

248
145
103
17

70.5
82.5
58.4
57.0

233
136
98
14

66.3
77.2
55.4
49.5

15
9
5
2

5.9
6.5
5.1
13.1

5.1
5.4
3.9
8.7

-

-

6.7
7.6
6.3
17.5

Single (never married).................................
Married, spouse present.............................
Other marital status2 ....................................

79
225
56

58
161
35

73.0
71.5
62.7

52
153
32

65.7
68.1
56.0

6
6
3

9.9
4.6
7.5

7.8
3.8
5.1

-

12.0
5.7
9.9

1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means
that If repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range
constructed around each sample estimate, In 9 out of 10 cases the true value based
on a complete census of the population would be contained within these error ranges.
2 "Other marital status” includes divorced, widowed, separated, and married with
spouse absent.

-

NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­
ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

48

Table 13. States: Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages'
(Numbers in thousands)
Full-time labor force

Part-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and State
Total

Employed on

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Total
Full-time
schedules1

Part-time for
economic
reasons

Number

time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

TOTAL

Alabama...............................................................
A lask a..................................................................
Arizona.................................................................
Arkansas..............................................................
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut.........................................................
Delaware..............................................................
District of Columbia............................................
Florida..................................................................

1,567
218
1,231
897
10,729
1,469
1,411
262
289
4,420

1,277
182
1,090
755
9,289
1,312
1,300
230
249
3,918

120
14
61
59
639
80
50
17
15
238

169
22
60
83
801
76
61
15
25
264

10.8
10.0
4.9
9.2
7.5
5.2
4.3
5.8
8.8
6.0

227
26
201
148
1,774
238
261
45
30
679

196
24
190
137
1,603
218
245
42
27
621

30
3
11
10
171
20
16
4
3
58

13.4
10.2
5.5
7.1
9.6
8.4
6.0
8.4
11.1
8.6

G eorgia................................................................
H a w aii..................................................................
Id a h o ................................... .................................
Illinois...................................................................
Indiana.................................................................
Io w a......................................................................
Kansas .................................................................
Kentucky..............................................................
Louisiana .............................................................
Maine ...................................................................

2,449
407
391
4,778
2,268
1,170
1,007
1,468
1,702
462

2,178
357
330
4,082
1,918
1,014
911
1,237
1,417
402

132
29
34
276
155
75
46
96
117
33

139
22
27
420
193
81
50
134
167
27

5.7
5.3
6.8
8.8
8.5
7.0
5.0
9.2
9.8
5.9

311
66
74
827
360
247
191
249
238
90

285
61
67
735
327
229
178
223
211
83

26
5
7
91
33
18
13
26
28
7

8.4
7.7
9.0
11.0
9.2
7.4
6.7
10.4
11.6
7.3

M aryland..............................................................
Massachusetts....................................................
Michigan ..............................................................
Minnesota............................................................
Mississippi ...........................................................
Missouri................................................................
Montana...............................................................
Nebraska.............................................................
Nevada.................................................................
New Hampshire..................................................

1,925
2,550
3,679
1,805
963
2,067
342
659
441
437

1,742
2,334
3,003
1,574
782
1,807
292
589
379
401

82
106
277
121
77
114
26
45
29
18

101
110
399
110
103
147
24
24
33
18

5.2
4.3
10.8
6.1
10.7
7.1
7.0
3.7
7.4
4.0

320
501
680
424
111
311
63
140
55
83

299
466
591
393
99
286
57
129
49
78

21
35
89
31
13
25
6
11
6
5

6.5
7.1
13.1
7.3
11.2
8.0
9.6
7.7
11.2
5.6

New Jersey .........................................................
New Mexico ........................................................
New Y o rk.............................................................
North Carolina.....................................................
North Dakota.......................................................
O hio......................................................................
O klahom a............................................................
O regon.................................................................
Pennsylvania.......................................................
Rhode Island.......................................................

3,287
538
6,969
2,662
274
4,353
1,350
1,139
4,730
406

2,986
462
6,172
2,330
240
3,692
1,176
941
3,991
362

115
36
312
165
20
264
80
94
311
24

186
40
486
167
13
398
93
104
428
20

5.7
7.5
7.0
6.3
4.9
9.1
6.9
9.1
9.0
5.0

541
91
1,120
371
54
745
198
197
758
84

492
84
1,022
333
50
662
182
175
687
78

50
6
98
38
3
83
16
22
71
6

9.2
7.0
8.8
10.1
6.1
11.2
8.0
11.0
9.4
7.1

South Carolina....................................................
South D akota......................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................
Texas ...................................................................
U tah .......................................................................
Verm ont...............................................................
Virginia.................................................................
Washington .........................................................
West Virginia.......................................................
Wisconsin............................................................
Wyoming..............................................................

1,328
284
1,959
6,920
587
228
2,502
1,752
691
1,951
218

1,137
256
1,672
6,204
516
202
2,252
1,480
530
1,650
186

100
17
128
336
36
14
138
115
56
160
16

92
11
159
380
34
11
112
157
105
140
13

6.9
3.8
8.1
5.5
5.6
5.0
4.5
9.0
15.3
7.2
6.0

152
62
264
933
133
42
339
302
77
443
36

138
58
233
847
120
39
308
264
67
407
33

14
4
31
85
13
3
31
37
10
36
3

9.0
6.7
11.8
9.1
9.7
6.3
9.1
12.4
13.2
8.1
8.0

Alabama...............................................................
Alaska ..................................................................
Arizona .................................................................
Arkansas......................................................... .
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut.........................................................
Delaware.............................................................
District of Columbia............................................
Florida..................................................................

936
131
741
542
6,459
871
860
152
150
2,579

792
110
662
471
5,647
792
802
136
129
2,331

57
7
41
25
322
38
24
8
7
117

87
14
37
45
490
42
34
8
14
132

9.3
11.0
5.0
8.3
7.6
4.8
4.0
5.3
9.1
5.1

12

16.6_

6
3
74
10
5
1

7.8
5.8
12.7
15.1
7.0
10.7

217

27

11.2

G eorgia................................................................
H a w aii..................................................................
Id ah o ....................................................................
Illinois...................................................................
Indiana.................................................................

1,425
232
241
2,910
1,371

1,296
206
209
2,530
1,186

57
13
15
138
70

72
13
17
242
116

5.1
5.7
7.0
8.3
8.4

86
22
21
217
96

10
2
3
35
13

10.3
8.0
12.1
14.0
12.1

Men

See footnotes at end of table.

49

74

ft

71
45
580
67
67
13
(*)
245
95
23
24
253
109

62

ft

ft

ft

ft

66
42
507
57
62
11

ft

ft

Table 13. States: Full* and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Full-time labor force

Part-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and State

Employed on

Total

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Total
Full-time
schedules1

Part-time for
economic
reasons

Number

time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

Men—Continued

Iow a.......................................................................
Kansas .................................................................
Kentucky..............................................................
Louisiana .............................................................
Maine ...................................................................

718
608
898
1,034
279

635
560
770
881
250

32
21
48
56
13

52
27
80
96
16

7.2
4.4
8.9
9.3
5.8

77
57
85
83
23

71
51
78
70
21

7
5
7
13
2

8.8
9.6
8.8
15.9
9.6

M aryland..... ........................................................
Massachusetts....................................................
Michigan ..............................................................
Minnesota............................................................
Mississippi ...........................................................
Missouri................................................................
Montana...............................................................
N ebraska.............................................................
Nevada .................................................................
New Hampshire..................................................

1,132
1,539
2,256
1,121
565
1,239
216
404
261
261

1,042
1,426
1,904
990
471
1,095
190
373
227
245

35
46
120
55
38
54
11
17
16
6

55
67
232
76
57
91
15
14
18
10

4.9
4.4
10.3
6.8
10.1
7.3
6.8
3.4
7.0
4.0

103
144
191
120
39
107
18
40
19
19

95
130
156
105
34
97
16
37
17
18

8
14
35
15
5
10
2
3
2
2

8.1
9.7
18.3
12.2
13.2
9.0
9.2
7.1
12.7
8.4

New Jersey .........................................................
New Mexico ........................................................
New Y o rk.............................................................
North Carolina.....................................................
North Dakota.......................................................
O hio......................................................................
O klahom a............................................................
Oregon.................................................................
Pennsylvania.......................................................
Rhode Island.......................................................

1,971
334
4,236
1,511
175
2,678
794
699
2,932
244

1,813
289
3,792
1,364
158
2,309
699
584
2,541
223

51
19
150
75
8
117
37
50
121
9

107
25
294
71
9
252
59
64
270
12

5.4
7.6
6.9
4.7
5.0
9.4
7.4
9.1
9.2
4.9

150
31
343
134
15
226
63
61
224
27

130
29
304
116
14
190
56
54
200
25

20
2
39
17
1
37
7
7
24
2

13.4
7.6
11.2
13.0
8.9
16.2
11.0
11.9
10.7
7.8

South Carolina....................................................
South D a ko ta......................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................
Texas ...................................................................
U tah ......................................................................
Verm ont...............................................................
Virginia.................................................................
Washington .........................................................
West Virginia.......................................................
Wisconsin............................................................
Wyoming..............................................................

761
174
1,120
4,201
374
141
1,467
1,083
441
1,203
138

673
161
974
3,816
340
128
1,355
936
339
1,046
123

48
6
57
172
14
6
55
52
26
64
6

40
6
89
214
20
7
57
96
76
93
9

5.3
3.5
8.0
5.1
5.4
5.1
3.9
8.9
17.3
7.8
6.6

49
16
102
323
42
12
102
91
24
143
10

45
14
85
289
38
11
89
75
20
127
9

5
2
16
34
5
1
13
15
4
16
1

9.5
9.9
15.9
10.6
11.6
6.8
13.0
16.8
16.0
11.5
11.8

Alabama...............................................................
A lask a..................................................................
Arizona.................................................................
Arkansas..............................................................
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut.........................................................
Delaware..............................................................
District of Columbia...........................................
Florida..................................................................

631
87
491
355
4,270
598
551
111
140
1,841

485
72
428
283
3,642
520
498
94
120
1,588

63
8
40
34
317
43
26
9
8
121

83
7
23
38
310
35
27
7
12
132

13.1
8.5
4.7
10.6
7.3
5.8
4.9
6.4
7.2

153
20
130
103
1,194
171
194
33
20
434

134
18
125
95
1,097
161
183
30
18
403

18
2
6
8
97
10
11
2
2
31

11.9
9.3
4.3
7.7
8.1
5.7
5.6
7.5
11.1
7.1

G eorgia................................................................
Hawaii .................................................................
Id a h o ....................................................................
Illinois...................................................................
Indiana.................................................................
Io w a ......................................................................
Kansas .................................................................
Kentucky..............................................................
Louisiana .............................................................
M a in e ...................................................................

1,024
175
150
1,868
895
452
398
570
668
183

882
151
120
1,552
732
379
351
467
536
152

75
16
20
137
85
44
25
48
62
20

67
8
10
178
77
30
23
55
70
11

6.6
4.7
6.5
9.5
8.7
6.6
5.7
9.6
10.5
8.0

215
42
50
574
251
169
134
164
155
66

199
39
46
518
231
158
127
146
140
62

16
3
4
56
20
11
7
18
14
4

7.6
7.8
7.6
9.7
8.0
6.7
5.5
11.3
9.2
6.6

M aryland..............................................................
Massachusetts....................................................
Michigan ..............................................................
M innesota............................................................
Mississippi ...........................................................
Missouri................................................................
M ontana...............................................................
N ebraska.............................................................
Nevada.................................................................

793
1,011
1,423
684
398
828
126
255
180

700
908
1,099
584
311
713
101
216
152

47
60
157
65
40
59
15
28
13

45
43
167
34
47
56
9
11.
14

5.7
4.3
11.8
5.0
11.7
6.7
7.4
4.1
8.0

217
357
489
304
72
204
46
100
36

205
336
435
288
65
189
41
92
32

12
22
54
16
7
- 15
4
8
4

5.7
6.0
11.0
5.4
10.2
7.5
9.7
8.0
10.4

Women

See footnotes at end of table.

50

8.4

Table 13. States: Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Part-time labor force

Full-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and State

Employed on

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Total

Total
Full-time
schedules1

Part-time for
economic
reasons

Number

time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

W omen— Continued

New Hampshire..................................................

176

156

13

7

4.0

64

61

3

4.8

New J erse y........................... .".............. .............
New M exico ......... ..............................................
New Y o rk.............................................................
North Carolina....... .......................... ..................
North Dakota......................................
O hio ......................................................................
Oklahom a............................................................
O regon.................................................................
Pennsylvania.......................................................
Rhode Island.......................................................

1,316
204
2,733
1,151
98
1,676
556
440
1,798
162

1,173
172
2,380
965
82
1,383
478
356
1,450
139

64
17
161
90
12
147
44
44
190
14

79
15
192
96
5
146
34
40
157
8

6.0
7.4
7.0
8.3
4.8
8.7
6.2
9.1
8.8
5.1

392
59
777
237
39
519
135
136
534
57

362
55
718
217
37
473
126
121
486
53

30
4
60
20
2
46
9
14
47
4

7.6
6.6
7.7
8.5
5.0
8.9
6.6
10.5
8.9
6.7

South Carolina....................................................
South D akota......................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................
Texas ...................................................................
U tah ......................................................................
Verm ont...............................................................
Virginia.................................................................
Washington .........................................................
West Virginia.......................................................
Wisconsin............................................................
W yoming..............................................................

567
110
839
2,719
213
86
1,035
669
250
747
79

464
94
699
2,388
177
74
897
544
191
604
65

52
11
71
164
22
8
83
64
30
97
10

51
5
70
167
14
4
55
61
29
46
4

9.1
4.2
8.3
6.1
6.4
4.9
5.3
9.1
11.6
6.2
5.0

102
46
162
610
91
30
237
211
53
300
26

93
44
147
559
83
28
219
189
47
281
24

9
3
15
51
8
2
18
22
6
20
2

8.8
5.6
9.3
8.4
8.8
6.1
7.4
10.5
11.9
6.5
6.4

Alabama...............................................................
A lask a..................................................................
Arizona.................................................................
Arkansas................................ .7...........................
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut................................. .......................
Delaware..............................................................
Florida..................................................................

72
8
53
47
410
51
49
10
194

35
5
37
25
246
30
33
6
132

15
1
11
9
85
11
9
3
30

22
2
5
13
79
9
7
2
32

30.8
21.3
9.8
27.6
19.3
18.8
14.4
17.8
16.4

57
(2)
42
32
407
55
67
13
155

41

36
27
334
48
59
11
125

16
<
2)
6
5
73
7
8
2
31

27.8
(2)
13.2
14.5
18.0
13.3
12.5
14.5
19.8

G eorgia................................................................
Id a h o ....................................................................
Illinois...................................................................
Indiana.................................................................
Io w a ......................................................................
Kansas .................................................................
Kentucky..............................................................
Louisiana .............................................................
M a in e ....................................................................

117
22
175
113
49
42

75
12
93
56
27
29

16
6
40
33
12
7

25
3
42
24
10
5
17
5

21.6
14.7
23.9
20.8
20.3
12.4
ft
23.8
21.9

81
18
214
96
59
41
58
61
22

68
16
170
82
51
36
47
50
20

13
3
45
14
8
5
11
11
2

15.5
15.9
20.8
14.8
13.0
13.0
18.6
18.1
10.1

73
118
168
100

11.9
9.8
22.8
11.4
(2)
18.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

ft

71
23

ft

40
13

ft

ft

14
5

ft

Maryland..............................................................
Massachusetts....................................................
M ichigan..............................................................
M innesota............................................................
Mississippi...........................................................
Missouri................................................................
Montana..... .........................................................
Nebraska .................................... „............... .
Nevada....... ....................................................
New Hampshire......................... ....................

75
108
167
79
40
83
13
26
18
22

51
78
82
47
18
53
7
17
11
17

10
20
41
23
7
17
4
6
3
3

13
10
45
10
15
13
2
3
5
2

17.8
9.3
26.7
12.4
38.7
15.9
16.2
12.2
24.5
10.1

83
131
217
113
(2)
74
(*)
32
ft
23

(2)
20

10
13
49
13
(*)
12
(2)
4
(*)
2

New J erse y.........................................................
New M exico ............................. ...........................
New Y o rk.............................................................
North Carolina.....................................................
North Dakota.......................................................
O h io ......................................................................
O klahom a............................................................
O regon...................................... ...........................
Pennsylvania............................. .........................
Rhode Island.......................................................

122
26
235
111
13
180
59
51
213
17

60
14
135
66
8
108
35
27
114
10

19
8
47
20
3
38
13
13
47
4

23
6
53
25
2
36
11
10
52
3

18.8
24.1
22.6
22.3
13.8
20.3
19.4
20.5
24.4
18.8

140
22
262
110
12
184
43
41
187
21

118
20
219
90
10
145
34
34
159
18

24
2
43
20
2
40
9
7
28
3

16.9
10.3
18.5
18.0
13.0
21.4
20.7
17.2
14.8
13.9

South Carolina....................................................
South Dakota ....................... ...............................
Tennessee.................................... ......................
Texas ...................................................................

58
13
88
296

36
9
47
198

11
3
17
43

11
1
22
58

19.6
7.9
25.8
19.1

ft

1
15
43

(*)
10.2
25.8
18.8

S a t footnotes at end of table,

31

13
59
227

ft

62

(2)
28

(2)
12
44
184

ft

(2)
13.9
<
2)
9.2

Table 13. States: Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Full-time labor force

Part-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and State
Total

Total
Full-time
schedules1

Part-time for
economic
reasons

Number

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Employed on
voluntary part
time1

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years—Continued

U tah ......................................................................
Verm ont...............................................................
Washington .........................................................
West Virginia.......................................................
Wisconsin ............................................................
Wyoming..............................................................

32
11
64
27
96
9

20
7
33
11
52
6

7
2
20
7
25
2

5
1
11
9
20
1

14.7
12.6
17.5
32.8
20.3
15.8

Alabama...............................................................
A laska..................................................................
Arizona.................................................................
Arkansas..............................................................
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut.........................................................
Delaware..............................................................
District of Columbia...........................................
Florida..................................................................

1,179
187
1,172
769
9,027
1,383
1,274
219
91
3,653

1,025
160
1,040
671
7,865
1,244
1,180
196
87
3,328

69
10
76
46
538
73
42
12
2
162

85
17
56
52
624
66
52
10
2
163

G eorgia................................................................
H a w aii..................................................................
Id a h o ....................................................................
Illinois...................................................................
Indiana.................................................................
Io w a......................................................................
Kansas .................................................................
Kentucky..............................................................
Louisiana .............................................................
M a in e ...................................................................

1,825
128
381
4,058
2,105
1,153
947
1,358
1,231
459

1,683
111
322
3,553
1,805
1,003
865
1,153
1,071
399

68
10
34
221
144
74
41
89
65
33

Maryland..............................................................
Massachusetts....................................................
Michigan ..............................................................
Minnesota............................................................
Mississippi ...........................................................
Missouri................................................................
M ontana...............................................................
N ebraska.............................................................
Nevada.................................................................
New Hampshire.................................................

1,445
2,426
3,212
1,746
672
1,853
324
635
388
434

1,332
2,221
2,697
1,529
588
1,656
279
572
336
398

New J erse y.........................................................
New Mexico ........................................................
New Y o rk.............................................................
North Carolina.....................................................
North Dakota.......................................................
O h io ......................................................................
Oklahom a............................................................
Oregon .................................................................
Pennsylvania.......................................................
Rhode Island.......................................................

2,838
471
5,781
2,091
264
3,889
1,185
1,075
4,320
389

South C arolina....................................................
South D a ko ta......................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................
Texas ...................................................................
U ta h ......................................................................
Verm ont...............................................................
Virginia.................................................................
Washington .........................................................
West Virginia.......................................................
Wisconsin............................................................
W yoming..............................................................

35
9
73

ft

29
8
56

ft

6
1
17

ft

18.3
12.6
23.6
ft
16.7
12.3

119
8

99
7

20
1

7.2
9.1
4.8
6.7
6.9
4.8
4.1
4.7
2.4
4.5

176
22
196
131
1,554
226
247
41
(2)
584

162
20
186
123
1,411
209
234
38
ft
542

14
2
10
8
143
17
13
3
42

8.2
9.5
5.2
5.9
9.2
7.7
5.4
6.4
ft
7.2

74
7
26
283
156
77
40
116
93
27

4.1
5.1
6.7
7.0
7.4
6.6
4.3
8.5
7.6
5.8

232
20
72
760
338
242
179
233
171
88

220
19
65
682
308
225
168
210
157
82

12
2
6
77
31
17
11
23
14
7

5.0
8.1
8.9
10.2
9.1
7.1
6.0
9.8
8.0
7.4

54
103
233
115
39
91
25
42
24
18

58
102
282
101
45
106
20
22
27
17

4.0
4.2
8.8
5.8
6.7
5.7
6.2
3.4
6.9
3.9

281
483
606
415
84
295
62
135
52
83

263
452
540
386
76
273
56
126
47
78

18
31
66
30
8
22
6
10
5
5

6.3
6.5
10.9
7.1
9.1
7.5
9.0
7.2
9.9
5.7

2,606
409
5,167
1,897
234
3,343
1,049
893
3,688
348

94
31
261
107
19
232
64
89
285
23

138
31
353
87
11
313
72
92
347
19

4.8
6.6
6.1
4.2
4.1
8.1
6.1
8.6
8.0
4.9

492
82
1,007
301
52
701
175
189
723
82

450
76
934
279
49
631
162
168
662
76

42
6
73
22
3
70
13
21
61
6

8.4
6.9
7.2
7.3
5.7
10.0
7.5
10.9
8.5
6.9

903
276
1,684
6,055
561
225
2,056
1,602
665
1,872
213

809
250
1,475
5,508
498
200
1,896
1,364
513
1,597
185

47
17
103
269
34
14
93
105
53
150
16

48
9
106
279
29
11
67
133
99
125
12

5.3
3.4
6.3
4.6
5.2
4.9
3.3
8.3
14.9
6.7
5.6

102
60
224
816
130
41
292
283
74
433
35

97
57
204
751
118
39
268
249
65
398
33

5
4
21
67
12
2
23
35
9
35
3

5.2
6.2
9.2
8.2
9.0
6.0
7.9
12.3
12.5
8.1
7.6

384
116
795
59
121

249
73
628
47
105

50
13
55
4
8

84
30
112
7
8

22.0
25.9
14.0
12.6
6.8

16

31.7
ft
14.6
ft

White

ft

Black

Alabama...............................................................
Arkansas..............................................................
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut.........................................................
See footnotes at end of table.

52

50

34

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft
ft

99
ft

84
ft

14

ft

Table 13. States: Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Part-time labor force

Full-time labor force
Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Employed
Population group and State

Employed on

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)

Total

Total
Full-time
schedules'

Part-time for
economic
reasons

Number

time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Number

Percent of
part-time
labor force

Black—Continued

ft

Delaware.........................................................
District of Columbia........................................
Florida............................................................

41
192
717

32
157
548

4
13
72

5
23
97

11.6
11.9
13.6

ft

ft

18
75

3
18

14.2
17.9

Georgia...........................................................
Illinois.............................................................
Indiana...........................................................
Kansas ...........................................................
Kentucky.........................................................
Louisiana........................................................

60S
624
149
47
106
453

482
442
102
36
81
330

61
51
10
4
7
51

63
131
37
7
19
71

10.4
20.9
24.8
14.5
17.5
15.8

76
55
ft
ft
ft
64

62
42
ft
ft
ft
50

14
12

Maryland.........................................................
Massachusetts...............................................
Michigan.........................................................
Mississippi......................................................
Missouri...........................................................
Nevada...........................................................

432
98
426
269
196
34

366
88
275
193
136
87

25
3
40
36
22
3

40
7
110
58
39
4

9.4
7.5
25.6
20.2
19.7
13.1

ft
ft
65

ft
ft
43
ft

New Jersey....................................................
New York........................................................
North Carolina................................................
Ohio................................................................
Oklahoma.......................................................
Pennsylvania..................................................

377
976
841
439
90
364

311
614
410
327
72
868

20
44
86
30
8
24

46
116
76
61
12
76

12.1
12.1
14.0
16.6
13.8
21.6

ft
87
ft
ft
ft

South Carolina...............................................
Tennessee ......................................................
Texas .............................................................
Virginia...........................................................
West Virginia..................................................

416
866
747
407
84

321
189
890
321
16

81
84
61
43
3

43
53
96
43
6

10,4
20.0
18.7
10.6
23.2

Ariiona...........................................................
California........................................................
Colorado........................................................
Florida............................................................
Illinois.............................................................
Massachusetts...............................................
Michigan........................................................

176
1,688
189
446
234
42
86

147
1,471
108
391
192
34
40

15
182
11
23 .
14
2
6

14
199
13
32
27
6
10

6.1
10.9
10.0
7,2
11,6
14.0
16.0

Now Jersey....................................................
New Mexico...................................................
New York........................................................
Texas .............................................................

227
168
563
1,256

169
132
475
1,042

12
16
23
106

26
16
65
111

11.5
10.9
11.6
6.6

21
91

ft

14

18.4
22.6
ft
ft
ft
21.6

ft

ft
ft
22
ft
ft
ft

ft
ft
33.9
ft
ft
ft

ft
64
ft
ft
ft

ft
24
ft
ft
ft

ft
26.9
ft
ft
ft

8
18
ft
ft

17.7
ft
18,3
ft
ft

ft
ft

ft
186
ft
54
ft
ft
ft

(')
34
ft
4
ft
ft
ft

ft
16.6
ft
6.6
ft
ft
ft

ft
26
57
143

ft
23
46
120

ft

ft
8.1
16.4
16.8

ft

ft
ft

ft

47

ft

96
ft
ft

ft

ft

39
ft
78
ft
ft

ft
ft
ft

ft
ft

f

ft

Hlapanlo origin

1 Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed proportionately
among the full- and part-time employed categories.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix 8.

ft
221
ft
56

ft

2
10
23

NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hiapanic-ortgln groups will not add to totals because data
for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included In both the
white and black population groups.

53

Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced' civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and State

Total

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Techni­
Profession­
administra­
cians and
al spe­
tive, and
related
cialty
managerial
support

Sales

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
repair
assem­
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Farming,
Handlers,
forestry,
equipment
cleaners, and fishing
helpers,
and labor­
ers

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Alabama...............................................
A laska..................................................
Arizona.................................................
Arkansas.............................................
California..............................................
Colorado..............................................
Connecticut........................................
Delaware..............................................
District of Columbia...........................
Florida..................................................

1,761
244
1,427
1,031
12,401
1,699
1,662
304
316 ,
5,057

G eorgia................................................
Hawaii ..................................................
Id a h o ....................................................
Illinois...................................................
Indiana.................................................
Io w a......................................................
Kansas .................................................
Kentucky..............................................
Louisiana ............................................
M a in e ...................................................

149
30
178
81
1,569
232
211
30
46
539

147
31
177
68
1,623
228
244
39
57
569

2,735 •
470
462
5,532
2,601
1,405
1,192
1,701
1,917
549

291
51
42
609
209
119
124
136
155
43

284
56
53
698
275
163
148
186
215
68

M aryland.............................................
Massachusetts...................................
M ichigan.............................................
Minnesota...........................................
Mississippi..........................................
Missouri................................................
Montana...............................................
Nebraska.............................................
Nevada ................................................
New Hampshire.................................

2,232
3,036
4,283
2,215
1,057
2,364
404
793
494
519

292
340
396
219
80
217
38
71
51
58

373
463
455
274
113
246
48
89
49
72

New Jersey ........................................
New Mexico .......................................
New Y o rk............................................
North Carolina....................................
North Dakota......................................
O h io ......................................................
O klahom a...........................................
Oregon ................................................
Pennsylvania......................................
Rhode Island......................................

3,798
624
7,999
2,992
326
5,051
1,538
1,328
5,421
487

497
66
907
250
26
493
165
127
497
46

South Carolina...................................
South D a kota.....................................
Tennessee ..........................................
Texas ...................................................
U ta h ......................................................
Verm ont...............................................
Virginia.................................................
W ashington........................................
West Virginia......................................
W isconsin...........................................
W yoming..............................................

1,467
345
2,191
7,803
715
268
2,822
2,038
756
2,364
253

Alabama...............................................
A lask a..................................................
Arizona.................................................
Arkansas ..............................................
California..............................................
Colorado..............................................
Connecticut........................................
Delaware.............................................
District of Columbia...........................
Florida..................................................
G eorgia................................................
Hawaii ..................................................
Id a h o ....................................................
Illinois...................................................
Indiana.................................................

ft

203
26
191
120
1,561
204
196
38
23
707

235
40
208
135
2,085
288
283
51
65
774

250
34
195
142
1,579
219
184
46
66
792

256
37
196
152
1,502
206
220
37
15
645

317
63
52
659
308
151
130
183
269
64

394
76
65
936
347
192
188
246
282
72

352
89
71
779
371
207
159
241
266
77

15
17

251
319
481
236
120
263
49
84
61
59

385
517
652
331
126
377
53
116
68
74

509
89
1,121
308
39
587
163
159
650
61

128
23
258
80
ft
150
52
ft
166
ft

448
70
908
334
38
572
176
157
615
49

106
29
194
900
78
27
349
229
55
215
25

123
38
210
874
89
33
388
274
81
264
32

ft
<*)
ft
238
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

1,594
220
1,361
951
11,532
1,610
1,595
289
291
4,777

145
29
172
80
1,521
226
206
30
45
525

143
30
173
86
1,569
224
238
38
55
555

ft

2,594
446
431
5,093
2,400

288
49
41
586
203

281
55
51
683
269

ft

8
47

377
62
61
10

ft

134
73

ft

ft

151
61

ft
ft
ft

60
ft
82
102
121
72

ft

58

ft
ft

179

124
12
72
62
483
71
51
15
13
227

77
8
52
73
416
59
ft

250

104
12
44
58
416
67
54
10
15
196

369
53
54
618
349
173
147
213
286
75

289
18
25
444
334
95
80
175
103
70

137
16
25
245
118
68
47
93
114
26

161
20
21
268
139
69
52
70
99
28

66
15
43
122
84
131
81
115
67
16

303
406
646
360
131
349
60
116
134
62

238
349
537
264
151
296
52
92
53
76

87
273
508
134
125
187

55

83
107
184
94
70
136
24
34
21
ft

85
118
189
94
66
112
18
34
19
21

697
93
1,490
382
40
763
234
209
885
76

474
83
1,199
367
46
678
227
188
720
69

408
88
857
392
31
636
201
140
698
63

297
24
525
464
ft
554
92
84
547
64

152
28
299
130
19
242
79
65
246
ft

146
27
295
170
13
243
74
81
291
19

164
40
234
1,045
96
29
316
242
85
257
26

202
47
293
1,187
115
35
434
291
94
342
36

215
56
282
1,005
88
40
342
276
113
366
37

224
37
318
1,100
99
36
364
248
121
294
38

187
15
312
407
43
25
201
116
48
245
ft

70
15
101
351
33
11
141
91
62
123
16

84
13
109
380
33
ft
124
102
59
98
13

188
24
185
115
1,470
195
189
36
20
669

223
37
202
127
1,974
275
272
50
60
743

206
30
182
125
1,438
201
178
44
59
723

233
33
187
140
1,383
194
215
35
13
619

157
64
86
690
58
124
18
ft
224

92
9
42
53
369
59
52
9
14
183

99
9
64
51
408
62
44
13
10
203

73
6
46
69
346
56
ft

304
60
49
619
289

378
74
63
872
331

327
84
66
683
331

351
50
49
560
320

266
16
22
390
299

130
15
23
220
106

141
17
18
223
117

58
14
39
111
76

ft

67
98
777
62
138
22

ft

ft

45

ft

ft
ft

219

ft

ft

107
134
49
123
41
89
ft
ft
ft
31
130
114
59
121
73
89
104
ft
53
45
83
308
ft
14
ft
115
ft
95
15

EMPLOYED

8
46
ft
364
61
60
10
ft
131
70
ft

ft

145
59

See footnotes at end of table.

54

ft

ft

ft
202

Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and State

Total

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Techni­
Executive,
Profession­
cians and
administra­
al spe­
tive, and
related
cialty
support
managerial

Sales

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
assem­
repair
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Handlers,
Farming,
forestry,
equipment
cleaners, and fishing
helpers,
and labor­
ers

EMPLOYED— Continued

Iow a......................................................
Kansas .................................................
Kentucky..............................................
Louisiana.............................................
M a in e ...................................................

1,318
1,135
1,556
1,745
518

118
122
133
149
42

160
144
182
210
68

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

147
127
170
248
62

185
181
227
262
67

188
148
211
236
72

157
136
193
254
70

83
73
159
86
64

61
45
81
103
25

58
44
53
77
25

Maryland..............................................
Massachusetts...................................
Michigan ..............................................
Minnesota...........................................
Mississippi...........................................
Missouri................................................
Montana...............................................
Nebraska.............................................
Nevada ................................................
New Hampshire.................................

2,123
2,906
3,871
2,088
958
2,207
376
763
457
498

286
328
381
213
77
211
37
69
49
57

366
452
445
268
110
241
45
87
47
71

81
99
117
71
(2)
57
ft
ft
14
17

242
309
442
227
111
250
46
81
56
58

371
500
601
318
119
358
50
112
64
72

283
386
562
339
114
310
54
109
122
58

225
333
482
245
137
279
48
88
49
73

80
255
437
119
106
162
ft
42
ft
52

77
102
162
79
61
125
21
33
20

ft

70
106
151
82
53
98
15
32
15
19

New Jersey ........................................
New Mexico .......................................
New Y o rk.............................................
North Carolina....................................
North Dakota......................................
O hio......................................................
Oklahom a............................................
O regon.................................................
Pennsylvania......................................
Rhode Island......................................

3,592
582
7,505
2,828
311
4,618
1,439
1,210
4,988
464

484
64
883
245
26
473
159
120
481
46

499
87
1,084
302
39
570
160
154
632
59

124
22
253
77

ft
160
ft

426
67
863
317
37
536
169
147
578
48

662
87
1,409
365
39
716
224
196
837
72

439
75
1,109
339
43
604
209
165
647
66

386
80
799
373
28
574
182
123
622
60

268
22
468
428
ft
483
82
73
480
58

141
26
270
125
17
210
71
58
219
ft

130
23
248
155
11
198
63
70
240
18

South Carolina...................................
South D akota.....................................
Tennessee ..........................................
Texas ...................................................
U tah ......................................................
Verm ont...............................................
Virginia.................................................
Washington ........................................
West Virginia......................................
Wisconsin ............................................
Wyoming..............................................

1,374
331
2,033
7,387
674
255
2,698
1,859
653
2,218
238

103
28
190
885
76
27
344
222
52
210
25

120
38
207
858
87
32
378
265
80
257
32

ft
ft
ft
231
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

153
39
223
991
92
28
303
224
77
245
25

194
46
282
1,139
110
33
422
270
84
325
35

195
53
252
927
81
38
320
246
96
339
34

212
35
292
1,034
92
34
347
226
98
267
35

168
14
280
377
38
23
188
93
40
225
ft

66
14
93
325
29
10
135
82
50
113
15

74
12
89
333
30
ft
111
81
41
88
11

167

3
1
6
1
48
6
4

15
2
6
5
91
9
7
2
3
38

12
3
7
8
111
13
11
1
5
31

44

23

22

4

4

1
14

4
1
4
2
55
5
6
1
2
14

13
16
142
18
7
3
7
69

10
11
119
12
5
2
2
26

26

13
3
2
5
47
8
2
1
1
13

25
3
8
11
75
9
7
2
3
23

14
3
3
41
19
4
4
12
21
2

16
2
2
64
17
8
7
19
20
5

25
5
5
95
40
19
11
30
30
5

18
3
5
58
29
15
10
20
32
5

23
2
3
54
36
12
7
17
17
6

7
1
2
25
12
7
2
12
11
1

20
2
4
45
22
11
8
17
21
3

10
10
39
9
9
13
3
3
4

14
17
51
12
6
19
3
4
4

20
20
84
21
17
39
7
7
13

13
15
55
19
14
17
4
4
4

7
17
71
15
19
25

6
5
22
14
9
11
2
1
1

15
12
38
13
14
14
3
2
3

56

ft

147
50

126
80
109
63
14

ft
ft
93
127
46
116
39
88
ft

ft
ft

29
119
103
58
107
70
81
91
ft
51
44
77
288
ft
14
ft
99
ft
89
14

UNEMPLOYED

Alabama...............................................
A lask a..................................................
Arizona.................................................
Arkansas..............................................
California..............................................
Colorado..............................................
Connecticut........................................
Delaware.............................................
District of Columbia...........................
Florida..................................................

66
80
869
89
67
16
25
280

G eorgia................................................
Hawaii ..................................................
Id a h o ....................................................
Illinois...................................................
Indiana.................................................
Iow a......................................................
Kansas .................................................
Kentucky.............................................
Louisiana ............................................
Maine ...................................................

140
23
31
439
201
88
58
144
172
31

3
2
1
23
6
1
2
3
5
1

3
1
2
15
6
3
4
4
5
1

Maryland..............................................
Massachusetts...................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota...........................................
Mississippi ..........................................
Missouri...............................................
Montana...............................................
Nebraska.............................................
Nevada ................................................

109
131
412
127
99
157
28
30
37

5
12
15
6
3
5
1
1
2

7
11
10
6
3
6
2
2
2

24

(3)

ft
ft
1
ft
14
1
1
ft
ft
3
3
ft
ft
5
2
ft
ft
ft
4
ft

ft

1
3
4
2
1

ft
ft
1

See footnotes at end of table.

55

ft
3
12
87
4
14
4
ft

ft
3
ft

4
1
5
5
69
3
ft
ft
ft
17
7
1
4
11
7
5
2
6
4
2
ft
ft
15
7
3
8
2
1
ft

Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and State

Total

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Techni­
Profession­
administra­
cians and
al spe­
tive, and
related
cialty
managerial
support

Sales

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
repair
assem­
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Farming,
Handlers,
forestry,
equipment
cleaners, and fishing
helpers,
and labor­
ers

UNEMPLOYED—Continued

New Hampshire.................................

21

1

1

New J erse y........................................
New M exico.......................................
New Y o rk.............................................
North Carolina....................................
North Dakota......................................
O h io ......................................................
Oklahom a...........................................
O regon.................................................
Pennsylvania......................................
Rhode Island......................................

206
43
494
164
15
433
96
117
433
24

12
2
23
5

10
2
37
6
1
17
3
5
18
2

South Carolina ........................
South D a kota.....................................
Tennessee .............................
Texas ...................................................
U tah ....................................
Verm ont..............................................

93
14
158
416
42
13
124
179
103
140
18

VITQIh I® iM iiiiniMiMmiiM iiiMiiiiMMiM miiiim

Washington iiiiiiim iiM iiu n iM iim iiM M iinii
West Virginia im iiiiiih ih iiiih m iiiiiiiih iiiiii
Wlsoonsln ..............................................................
Wyoming.............................................

(3)
20
6
7
15
1
3
1
4
15
2
ft

5
7
3
8
( ')

3
1
4
17
2
1
10
10
2
7
1

O

1

3

3

3

3

22
3
46
17
1
36
7
10
36
2

36
5
81
17
2
47
10
14
48
3

35
8
90
28
3
74
17
23
73
4

22
8
58
19
2
62
20
18
76
3

11
1
11
54
4
1
13
17
8
12
1

7
1
12
48
5
1
12
21
9
17
1

20
3
30
78
7
2
22
30
17
27
3

11
2
26
86
7
2
17
22
23
26
3

7,4
7,7
3.0
4.3
5.8
4.4
3,5
4.3
12.0
6.4

52
8.8
3,2
5,9
5.3
4.4
3,7
2.8
7,1
4,0

17.7
13.2
0,9
11,5
9.0
8.4
3.0
5.8
11.2
8,7

9.2
10.8
5.0
7.4
7.9
0,0
2.3
5.1
12.4
4.1

4.3
4.8
5.3
8.1
6.2
2.6
2.9
6.8
7.7
2.8

4.0
3,3
3.4
6.9
4.8
4.1
3.7
7.9
7.1
6.5

7.0
5.0
0.8
12.2
10.7
9.4
0.8
12.3
11.2
6.8

5.4
1.6

3.8
3.0
8.2
3.8
7.4
4.8
5.8
3.9
7.0
2.0

3.6
3.3
7.8
3.8
5.1
5.0
6.2
3.1
5.9
3.6

f
t

28
2
57
36

4
1
5
2
ft

3
2

f
t
6
f
t
ft
<)
2
ft
8

ft
ft
ft
( ')
( ')
( ')
( ')

3

I2
)

f
t

10
2
29
6
1
32
8
8
26

16
5
46
15
2
45
11
11
50
2

19
1
32
30
4
2
13
23
8
20

3
1
8
26
4
1
6
9
12
10
1

11
1
20
48
3

12.2
4.0
12,5
11.2
7.0
10,1
18.4
ft
10.4

12.0
23,1
4,8
9.0
11.3
11.8
4.5
8.4
6.5
8.7

19.8
24.3
11.1
17,4
18.8
12.9
13.1
14.2
21.9
10.2

4.9
5.1
9.4
9.4
8.3
6.8
7.0
9.5
11.1
6.6

7.9
10.1
11.9
12.1
10.7
12.7
8.8
9.4
16.7
8.6

5.2
5.2
9.0
10.3
9.8
10.5
3.6
13.3
9.5
4.4

12.8
11.8
18.9
18.9
15.8
16.0
14.7
23.7
21.7
10.2

10.7
9.7
8.2
8.7
8.6
3.8
1.9
5.6
6.0
13.1

6.5
4.9
13.0
5.8
13.0
11.2
10.9
6.1
9.4
5.5

5.4
4.4
10.3
7.2
9.0
5.7
7.5
4.8
7.1
3.6

8.5
6.3
14.0
11.2
15.3
13.1

17.6
10.1
20.2
13.5
20.5
12.5
14.2
7.0
18.2
13.1

ft

5.7

7.5
5.1
11.9
15.1
12.6
7.9
9.0
3.2
6.1
ft

ft

ft
70
10
11
67
5

ft

ft

ft

2
11
11
1
14
3
8
13

ft
2
1
6
20

ft
ft

13
21
18
10
2

f
t

16

ft

7
1

UNEMPLOYMENT

RATI
Alabama tiiin iiiiin im iiiiiiu M M M M iiiiin m m
Alaska m u m i m in iii ii 1111111111111 in mi m i m m
AHXOna iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitmiiiitiiiiiiHimHiMiitii
Arkansas iiiiiiiiiiih im h iiih iih iim iiih iiiiiiiii
California itiMHtimiHMiiiiiiiMiiiitiiiiiMiMun
COlOradO MiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiHimiiiiiiiii
COnnSOtiOUt miiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Dalawars imiiMmiimiimHiiimiitMiniiiiiiii
District of Columbia...........................
FlOflda isieiieisiiissaiieiisistissiaieiesisiisiieasisiai

9.5
9.6
4.0
7,7
7,0
8.2
4.0
6.2
7,8
5.8

2.1
2,7
3.4
1,4
3,1
2.8
2,1
.6
1.9
2.5

2.4
4.0
2.2
1,9
3.4
2.1
2.4
1,4
3.0
2.6

G eorgia................................................
H a w aii..................................................
Id a h o ....................................................
Illinois...................................................
Indiana.................................................
Io w a......................................................
Kansas .................................................
Kentucky.............................................
Louisiana ..............................................................
Maine .........................................................................

6.1
4.9
6.7
7.9
7.7
6.2
4.8
8.5
9.0
5.7

1.1
3.1
2.8
3.6
2.8
1.0
1.5
2.3
3.4
1.2

1.2
2.4
3.0
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.9
2.1
2.3
1.1

3.7
0
(*>
3.6
2.8
ft

M aryland .................................................................
Massachusetts...................................
M ichigan .................................................................
Minnesota ..............................................................
Mississippi.............................................................
Missouri................................................
Montana ...................................................................
N ebraska ................................................................
Nevada ....................................................................
New Hampshire ...............................................

4.9
4.3
9.6
5.7
9.4
6.6
7.0
3.8
7.4
4.0

1.9
3.6
3.9
2.9
4.2
2.5
2.3
2.0
3.2
1.6

1.9
2.4
2.2
2.1
3.0
2.3
3.5
1.7
4.2
1.7

1.2
3.3
3.1
2.3

New J erse y ..........................................................
New M exico .........................................................
New Y o rk ................................................................
North Carolina....................................
North Dakota......................................
O hio......................................................
O klahom a............................................
O regon.................................................
Pennsylvania......................................
Rhode Island......................................

5.4
6.8
6.2
5.5
4.7
8.6
6.4
8.8
8.0
4.9

2.5
3.1
2.6
2.0
1.4
4.0
3.5
5.5
3.1
1.2

2.0
2.2
3.3
2.0
2.0
2.8
1.9
3.3
2.8
2.9

2.9
2.6
1.9
3.0
ft
2.1
3.4
ft
3.8
ft

5.0
4.1
5.1
5.0
3.8
6.3
3.9
6.4
5.9
3.3

5.1
5.6
5.5
4.4
4.6
6.2
4.3
6.5
5.5
4.3

7.4
10.1
7.5
7.6
6.6
10.9
7.6
12.3
10.1
5.1

5.3
9.1
6.8
4.8
8.1
9.8
9.7
12.6
10.9
4.8

9.6
8.3
10.9
7.8
ft
12.7
10.8
13.3
12.3
8.3

6.9
8.1
9.7
4.2
7.6
13.1
10.4
11.6
10.7
ft

11.0
17.1
15.7
8.8
13.9
18.5
14.8
13.9
17.3
8.8

South Carolina...................................

6.3

2.5

2.6

ft

6.7

3.7

9.3

5.1

10.3

4.9

12.5

(*)

4.8
2.4
(*)
3,0
1,2
1,8
2.9
(*)
2,5

f
t
ft

5.9
ft

(2)

1.8
ft
I2)

See footnotes at end of table.

5$

( ')

ft

5.8

ft

6,4
17.0
10.2
6.6
18.7
6.3

f
t
ft

ft
8.0

f
t

13.7
5.4
5.9
6.1
5.2
1.3

ft
ft

7.4
8.3
9.9
1.5
11.7
4.4
8.9
12.2
ft
4.0

Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and State

Total

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Techni­
Profession­
administra­
cians and
al spe­
tive, and
related
cialty
managerial
support

Sales

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
repair
assem­
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Farming,
Handlers,
equipment forestry,
cleaners, and fishing
helpers,
and labor­
ers

UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE—Continued

South D a kota.....................................
Tennessee ..........................................
Texas ...................................................
U tah ......................................................
Verm ont...............................................
Virginia.................................................
Washington ........................................
West Virginia......................................
Wisconsin............................................
Wyoming..............................................

4.0
7.2
5.3
5.8
4.8
4.4
8.8
13.6
6.2
6.0

3.0
2.2
1.7
2.3
.9
1.3
2.9
4.6
2.6
1.6

1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.5
2.7
3.6
1.9
2.8
2.7

ft
I2)
3.2

ft
f
t
f
t
f
t
ft
f
t
f
t

2.9
4.8
5.2
4.3
3.6
4.2
7.2
9.4
4.7
5.1

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.

2.3
4.1
4.1
4.3
4.1
2.8
7.3
10.1
5.0
3.1

5.7
10.7
7.8
7.9
5.0
6.4
10.7
15.2
7.4
8.7

4.9
8.2
6.0
7.5
5.1
4.6
8.8
19.0
9.0
8.2

8.7
10.3
7.3
10.5
9.4
6.4
19.5
17.0
8.4

f
t

4.7
7.6
7.5
13.2
10.2
4.2
10.0
19.6
8.1
8.8

9.2
18.6
12.5
9.7

f
t

10.3
20.3
30.3
10.1
13.0

2.1
7.5
6.5

ft
3.0
f
t
14.2
f
t

7.0
6.8

9 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.

57

Table 15. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984 annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Total employed

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

A labam a..... ..........................................
Alaska....... ............................................
Arizona..... .............................................
Arkansas.................................. ..........
California .................. ............................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D e law are................ ..............................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

1,594
220
1,361
951
11,532
1,610
1,595
28C291
4,777

Georgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky...............................................
Louisiana..............................................
M a in e .....................................................

Managerial and
professional
specialty

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
Farming,
produc­
Handlers,
forestry,
tion,
Machine
equip­
and fish­
Transpor­
craft, and operators,
ment
ing
tation and
repair
assem­
cleaners,
material
blers, and
helpers,
moving
inspectors
and labor­
ers

Executive,
adminis­
trative,
and man­
agerial

Profes­
sional
specialty

Techni­
cians and
related
support

Sales

Adminis­
trative
support,
including
clerical

100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.1
13.3
12.6
8.4
13.2
14.0
12.9
10.5
15.5
11.0

9.0
13.5
12.7
9.1
13.6
13.9
14.9
13.3
18.7
11.6

2.2
3.4
3.4
2.0
3.2
3.8
3.7
3.5
2.9
2.7

11.8
10.8
13.6
12.1
12.7
12.1
11.9
12.5
7.0
14.0

14.0
17.0
14.8
13.3
17.1
17.1
17.1
17.3
20.7
15.6

12.9
13.4
13.3
13.2
12.5
12.5
11.1
15.2
20.3
15.1

14.6
14.8
13.7
14.8
12.0
12.1
13.5
12.1
4.6
13.0

9.9
2.5
4.7
9.0
6.0
3.6
7.8
6.3
1.4
4.7

5.8
4.2
3.1
5.6
3.2
3.7
3.3
3.2
4.9
3.8

6.2
4.2
4.7
5.4
3.5
3.8
2.8
4.4
3.4
4.3

4.6
2.8
3.4
7.2
3.0
3.5
1.0
1.9
.7
4.2

2,594
446
431
5,093
2,400
1,318
1,135
1,556
1,745
518

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

11.1
11.0
9.5
11.5
8.5
9.0
10.8
8.5
8.6
8.2

10.8
12.3
11.8
13.4
11.2
12.2
12.6
11.7
12.0
13.0

2.7
3.0
2.6
2.9
2.5
2.5
3.0
2.5
3.2
1.9

11.7
13.3
11.4
12.2
12.0
11.2
11.2
10.9
14.2
12.0

14.6
16.5
14.5
17.1
13.8
14.0
16.0
14.6
15.0
12.9

12.6
18.9
15.3
13.4
13.8
14.3
13.1
13.6
13.5
13.8

13.5
11.2
11.3
11.0
13.3
11.9
12.0
12.4
14.6
13.6

10.3
3.6
5.1
7.7
12.4
6.3
6.4
10.2
4.9
12.3

5.0
3.3
5.3
4.3
4.4
4.6
4.0
5.2
5.9
4.7

5.4
3.9
4.1
4.4
4.9
4.4
3.9
3.4
4.4
4.9

2.3
3.1
9.1
2.2
3.2
9.6
7.0
7.0
3.6
2.8

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota..... ........................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri.................................................
Montana ................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..... ............................................
New Hampshire....... ...........................

2,123
2,906
3,871
2,088
958
2,207
376
763
457
498

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

13.5
11.3
9.8
10.2
8.0
9.6
9.8
9.1
10.7
11.4

17.2
15.6
11.5
12.9
11.5
10.9
11.9
11.4
10.2
14.3

3.8
3.4
3.0
3.4
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.8
3.0
3.4

11.4
106
11.4
10.9
11.6
11.3
12.3
10.6
12.3
11.6

17.5
17.2
15.5
15.2
12.4
16.2
13.3
14.7
14.0
14.4

13.3
13.3
14.5
16.3
11.9
14.0
14.4
14.3
26.7
11.7

10.6
11.5
12.5
11.7
14.3
12.7
12.8
11.5
10.8
14.7

3.8
8.8
11.3
5.7
11.1
7.3
3.0
5.5
2.3
10.5

3.6
3.5
4.2
3.8
6.4
5.7
5.7
4.4
4.3
2.4

3.3
3.6
3.9
3.9
5.5
4.4
4.0
4.2
3.4
3.7

2.0
1.2
2.4
6.1
4.8
5.2
10.4
11.5
2.2
1.9

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico.........................................
New York .............................................
North C arolina.....................................
North D a ko ta.......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon............................................... ..
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

3,592
582
7,505
2,828
311
4,618
1,439
1,210
4,988
464

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

13.5
10.9
11.8
8.7
8.2
10.2
11.1
9.9
9.6
9.8

13.9
14.9
14.4
10.7
12.4
12.4
11.1
12.7
12.7
12.8

3.5
3.9
3.4
2.7
2.2
3.2
3.5
2.1
3.2
3.2

11.9
11.5
11.5
11.2
11.8
11.6
11.8
12.1
11.6
10.3

18.4
15.0
18.8
12.9
12.4
15.5
15.5
16.2
16.8
15.6

12.2
12.9
14.8
12.0
13.8
13.1
14.6
13.6
13.0
14.1

10.7
13.7
10.6
13.2
9.1
12.4
12.6
10.1
12.5
12.9

7.5
3.7
6.2
15.1
2.2
10.5
5.7
6.0
9.6
12.6

3.9
4.5
3.6
4.4
5.6
4.6
4.9
4.8
4.4
3.0

3.6
3.9
3.3
5.5
3.7
4.3
4.4
5.8
4.8
3.8

.9
5.0
1.6
. 3.6
18.6
2.3
4.9
6.7
1.8
1.8

South Carolina.....................................
South Dakota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................

1,374
331
2,033
7,387
674
255
2,698
1,859
653
2,218
238

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

7.5
8.5
9.3
12.0
11.2
10.7
12.8
11.9
8.0
9.4
10.4

8.7
11.4
10.2
11.6
12.9
12.6
14.0
14.2
12.2
11.8
13.3

2.8
2.3
2.4
3.1
2.8
3.1
3.0
2.8
2.4
2.7
2.6

11.1
11.7
11.0
13.4
13.6
11.1
11.2
12.1
11.8
11,0
10.5

14.2
14.0
13.9
15.4
16.3
13.1
15.6
14.5
12.9
14.7
14.6

14.2
15.9
12.4
12.6
12.0
15.0
11.9
13.3
14.7
15.3
14.3

15.5
10.7
14.4
14.0
13.6
13.4
12.9
12.2
15.0
12.1
14.9

12.2
4.2
13.8
5.1
5.7
8.9
7.0
5.0
6.1
10.1
2.7

4.8
4.2
4.6
4.4
4.3
3.9
5.0
4.4
7.6
5.1
6.2

5.4
3.7
4.4
4.5
4.4
3.0
4.1
4.4
6.3
4.0
4.7

3.7
13.4
3.8
3.9
3.2
5.4
2.5
5.3
3.0
4.0
5.8

Delaware..........................................
District of Columbia..........................
Florida...............................................

911
122
770
539
6,475
887
888
155
145
2,666

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

10.6
14.4
14.9
98
14.5
16.8
15.8
13,1
16.1
13.1

7.6
12.9
11.2
7.0
13.7
14.3
14.1
13.2
20.0
10.7

2,1
4.1
3.4
1.4
3.3
4,0
3.1
3.3
2.7

10.0
8.3
12.3
11.6
12.4
11.5
11.0
10.7
6.2
12.7

4,9
5.3
4.6
4.1
6.2
5.0
8.5
5.2
9.2
4.9

7.0
9.7
10.0
6.3
9.5
8.2
8.8
11.1
19.0
10.5

23.8
25.3
21.4
23.6
18.9
20.1
21.6
21.6
8.6
21.6

8.8
3.0
5.1
8.6
6.4
4.1
8.0
8.0
1.2
4.5

9.3
6.6
4.7
9.2
5.1
6.0
5.5
5.0
9.2
6.3

9.2
6.3
7.1
7.4
5.4
6.0
4.1
6.1
6.1
6.4

6.9
4.2
5.3
10.8
4.6
5.3
1.6
2.7
1.3
6.5

Georgia.............................................
Hawaii...............................................
Idaho.................................................
Illinois................................................

1,438
240
245
2,885

100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0

12.7
12.6
11,0
13.9

9,8
11.7
11.2
12.1

2.3
3.4
2.4
2.6

11.2
10.8
10.8
11.4

4.9
6.0
3.5
6.3

8.2
16.2
9.3
10.5

22.0
19.7
18.3
17,5

6.8
3.3
5.8
8.9

8.3
5.7
8.7
7.0

7,9
6.0
5.7
6.3

3.7
4.6
13.2
3.4

TOTAL

Washington.......................................
West Virginia.....................................
Wisconsin............. ................................

Wyoming...........................................
Men

Alaska............................... ;...............
Arizona..............................................
Arkansas ...........................................
California..........................................

2.6

Sm footnotes at and of table.

58

Table 15. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984 annual averages—Contlnued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Managerial and
professional
specialty

Executive,
Profes­
adminis­
sional
trative,
and man­ specialty
agerial

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Techni­
cians and
related
support

Sales

Adminis­
trative
support,
including
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
Farming,
Handlers,
produc­
forestry,
equip­
Machine
tion,
and fish­
Transpor­
ment
craft, and operators,
ing
tation and
cleaners,
assem­
repair
material
helpers,
blers, and
moving
and labor­
inspectors
ers

Men—Continued

Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

1,352
737
633
896
1,007
284

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.9
10.7
13.0
10.4
10.3
10.6

10.0
9.8
10.7
10.4
9.9
10.9

2.3
1.7
2.7
1.9
2.5
1.7

9.5
10.0
10.8
10.8
11.6
10.4

4.8
4.1
4.9
5.3
4.7
5.0

8.8
7.8
7.8
7.4
8.4
7.7

21.4
19.2
19.7
19.9
24.3
22.4

14.2
7.2
7.8
9.7
6.3
11.5

7.4
7.9
6.4
8.7
9.9
8.1

7.0
6.9
5.8
5.4
6.7
7.4

4.8
14.5
10.3
10.3
5.3
4.3

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .............................................
M o ntana................................................
N ebraska...............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

1,171
1,602
2,180
1,151
542
1,246
218
427
260
268

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

15.3
13.6
11.6
12.9
10.0
10.8
11.3
11.2
12.3
14.8

17.3
15.2
10.2
12.1
8.7
10.3
10.9
9.8
9.5
13.0

3.8
3.0
3.1
3.1
1.7
2.0
1.8
1.9
2.7
3.6

10.5
9.7
9.8
10.4
10.7
10.1
11.6
9.9
9.9
10.7

7.0
7.1
5.2
4.6
3.9
5.6
2.9
5.5
5.2
4.7

10.3
10.7
9.6
9.6
6.7
9.3
7.3
7.6
24.4
7.2

17.8
18.8
20.2
19.5
22.7
21.0
20.8
18.4
18.2
23.8

4.2
8.8
14.5
6.3
8.8
7.4
3.6
5.4
2.8
9.5

6.0
5.8
6.7
6.4
10.5
9.2
9.2
7.2
6.9
4.2

5.0
5.3
5.5
5.9
8.7
6.6
6.0
6.2
4.8
5.7

2.6
1.9
3.4
9.1
7.7
-.5
14.5
17.0
3.3
2.7

New Jersey...........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
O h io .......................................................
O klahom a..............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

1,993
337
4,247
1,556
180
2,616
791
689
2,862
257

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

16.9
12.9
14.2
11.2
9.2
12.2
13.0
11.0
12.3
12.5

13.0
12.9
13.0
9.1
10.0
10.6
9.8
11.4
11.4
12.1

3.4
3.9
3.2
2.3
1.7
2.7
2.6
1.8
2.8
3.4

10.8
10.8
11.1
11.2
12.2
10.3
10.9
13.0
10.6
8.9

6.7
4.0
8.7
5.1
3.2
5.6
5.0
5.2
6.7
6.4

10.3
9.4
12.7
7.8
6.5
8.5
9.1
9.1
9.0
11.1

18.0
21.9
17.4
21.1
14.3
20.0
21.1
16.4
20.5
20.2

7.8
3.9
6.4
12.0
2.6
12.9
6.4
6.9
10.1
12.3

6.4
7.2
5.8
7.4
9.2
7.4
8.3
7.4
7.2
4.9

5.3
5.8
5.1
7.5
5.3
6.3
6.5
8.9
7.0
5.3

1.4
7.2
2.4
5.3
25.7
3.5
7.3
9.0
2.4
3.0

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ............................................
T e x a s ...................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

765
182
1,116
4,276
391
145
1,499
1,062
385
1,237
138

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.4
10.7
11.1
13.9
13.3
12.6
14.7
13.1
8.9
11.8
12.5

7.8
9.2
9.2
10.2
11.5
11.3
13.2
13.9
9.5
10.1
12.2

1.8
2.1
2.0
3.0
3.3
3.0
2.9
2.5
1.8
2.2
2.6

9.5
11.4
11.2
12.3
13.1
8.6
10.0
11.4
9.5
10.3
8.4

4.2
4.5
4.6
4.9
5.4
4.0
5.8
4.6
4.7
4.3
3.4

9.6
7.6
7.0
8.1
8.3
10.6
7.9
8.5
8.3
9.8
8.3

26.2
18.0
23.2
22.5
21.5
22.0
20.9
19.4
24.4
19.7
24.1

9.5
3.9
11.5
5.5
5.8
8.7
6.6
5.8
7.2
11.9
3.5

7.8
7.2
7.7
6.9
6.8
6.7
8.1
6.8
12.3
8.4
10.1

7.8
5.4
6.5
6.8
6.3
4.5
6.2
6.2
9.2
5.6
7.0

6.3
20.0
6.0
5.9
4.7
8.0
3.6
7.6
4.3
5.8
8.0

Alabama ................................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
Delaware ...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

683
98
592
412
5,056
724
707
134
146
2,112

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

7.2
12.0
9.8
6.7
11.6
12.2
9.3
7.4
14.9
8.3

10.8
14.3
14.6
11.7
13.5
13.4
16.1
13.3
16.9
12.7

2.3
2.6
3.3
2.9
3.0
3.6
4.5
3.7
3.3
2.8

14.2
14.1
15.3
12.6
13.2
12.8
13.0
14.5
7.8
15.6

26.2
31.6
28.1
25.4
31.1
31.8
30.4
31.2
32.3
29.0

20.8
18.2
17.7
22.1
16.3
17.7
14.1
19.8
21.5
20.9

2.6
1.6
3.7
3.2
3.1
2.2
3.3
1.0
.6
2.0

11.2
1.9
4.2
9.5
5.4
3.0
7.5
4.3
1.6
5.0

1.0
1.1
.9
.8
.8
.8
.5
1.2
.5
.7

2.3
1.5
1.5
2.7
1.2
1.2
1.1
2.6
.6
1.5

1.4
1.2
1.0
2.5
.9
1.3
.3
1.0
(1)
1.4

Georgia..................................................
Hawaii ....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

1,156
206
186
2,208
1,048
580
502
660
738
234

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.2
9.1
7.5
8.4
6.6
6.7
8.0
6.0
6.2
5.2

12.1
13.0
12.6
15.2
12.7
15.1
15.1
13.5
15.0
15.7

3.2
2.4
2.9
3.2
2.6
3.5
3.4
3.2
4.2
2.1

12.3
16.3
12.2
13.1
15.4
12.6
11.6
11.4
17.8
14.0

26.6
28.7
29.1
31.2
25.3
26.6
30.0
27.1
29.1
22.5

18.1
21.9
23.2
17.2
20.3
22.4
19.6
22.0
20.4
21.2

3.0
1.4
2.0
2.4
2.9
2.7
2.3
2.2
1.2
2.9

12.0
4.0
4.1
6.1
10.2
5.2
4.7
10.9
3.0
13.2

.8
.5
.7
.9
.6
.5
1.0
.5
.4
.6

2.3
1.3
1.9
1.9
2.2
1.3
1.6
.7
1.4
1.9

.5
1.4
3.7
.5
1.1
3.3
2.9
2.5
1.3
.8

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
Michigan................................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri.................................................
M o ntana................................................

952
1,304
1,691
937
416
961
158

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

11.2
8.5
7.5
6.9
5.4
8.0
7.8

17.2
16.0
13.1
13.7
15.1
11.8
13.3

3.8
3.9
3.0
3.7
3.5
3.4
3.3

12.4
11.8
13.4
11.4
12.8
12.9
13.2

30.4
29.6
28.9
28.3
23.6
29.9
27.6

17.0
16.4
20.8
24.5
18.7
20.1
24.1

1.7
2.5
2.4
2.2
3.4
1.8
1.8

3.2
8.7
7.1
4.9
14.0
7.3
2.2

.7
.7
.9
.6
1.0
1.0

1.3
1.6
1.8
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.4

1.2
.3
1.1
2.3
1.0
2.3
4.6

Women

See footnotes at end of table.

59

.8

Table 15. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Managerial and
professional
specialty

Executive,
adminis­
Profes­
trative,
sional
and man­ specialty
agerial

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Techni­
cians and
related
support

Sales

Adminis­
trative
support,
including
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
Farming,
produc­
Handlers,
forestry,
tion,
Machine
equip­
and fish­
Transpor­
ment
craft, and operators,
tation and
ing
assem­
repair
cleaners,
material
blers, and
helpers,
moving
inspectors
and labor­
ers

Women—Continued

Nebraska...............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

336
197
230

100.0
100.0
100.0

6.4
8.7
7.3

13.6
11.1
15.8

3.9
3.4
3.1

11.5
15.6
12.6

26.4
25.7
25.7

22.9
29.6
17.0

2.7
1.0
4.1

5.7
1.7
11.6

0.8
.8
.4

1.5
1.5
1.5

4.6

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York .............................................
North Carolina .....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a..............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

1,599
245
3,259
1,272
130
2,002
640
522
2,126
207

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.2
8.3
8.7
5.6
6.8
7.6
8.7
8.5
6.0
6.5

15.0
17.7
16.3
12.6
15.7
14.7
12.7
14.4
14.4
13.6

3.6
3.9
3.6
3.2
2.9
3.7
4.5
2.5
3.8
3.0

13.1
12.5
12.0
11.2
11.2
13.3
12.9
11.0
12.9
12.1

33.0
30.2
31.9
22.4
25.0
28.5
28.4
30.7
30.4
27.1

14.7
17.7
17.5
17.1
23.8
19.1
21.3
19.7
18.3
18.0

1.7
2.5
1.9
3.4
1.9
2.5
2.2
1.8
1.6
3.9

7.0
3.4
6.0
19.0
1.6
7.3
4.8
4.8
9.0
13.1

.8
.7
.7
.7
.6
.9
.7
1.2
.7
.6

1.6
1.2
.9
3.0
1.4
1.7
1.8
1.7
1.9
2.0

.2
1.9
.5
1.7

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin.............................................
Wyoming................................................

609
149
917
3,111
283
110
1,199
797
260
981
100

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

5.2
5.8
7.2
9.3
8.4
8.2
10.3
10.5
6.7
6.5
7.5

9.9
14.1
11.3
13.5
14.7
14.2
15.1
14.6
16.2
13.5
14.8

4.0
2.5
2.8
3.3
2.1
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.4
3.5
2.5

13.1
11.9
10.7
15.0
14.4
14.3
12.8
13.0
15.0
12.0
13.3

26.6
25.5
25.2
29.8
31.3
25.2
27.9
27.7
24.7
27.7
30.6

19.9
26.1
18.9
18.7
17.2
20.7
16.8
19.5
23.0
22.1
22.5

2.0
1.9
3.6
2.3
2.7
2.1
2.8
2.4
1.4
2.4
2.1

15.5
4.6
16.6
4.6
5.5
9.2
7.4
4.0
4.5
7.9
1.7

1.0
.5
.8
.9
.8
.3
1.1
1.2
1.0
1.0
.7

2.3
1.6
1.8
1.4
1.8
.9
1.5
1.9
2.0
1.9
1.5

.4
5.4
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.9
1.0
2.2
1.2
1.7
2.7

A labam a................................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California ..............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are..............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

1,256
190
1,302
840
9,815
1,526
1,455
247
97
4,032

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

10.6
14.1
12.8
9.0
13.6
14.3
13.3
11.6
25.2
12.2

9.9
14.6
13.0
9.7
13.7
14.1
15.3
14.1
37.3
12.3

2.4
3.6
3.3
2.2
3.0
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.0

13.7
11.4
13.7
12.9
13.3
12.4
12.5
13.7
10.5
15.3

15.4
17.5
14.7
14.0
16.4
17.0
17.3
17.1
10.8
16.1

8.9
11.3
13.0
11.6
12.0
12.0
10.4
13.3
9.1
12.6

16.3
15.0
13.8
15.0
12.4
12.0
13.8
12.5
.9
13.7

7.4
2.3
4.6
8.3
5.7
3.4
7.0
5.8
.4
4.4

5.7
4.1
3.1
5.4
3.2
3.6
3.2
3.0
.7
3.6

5.1
4.1
4.5
5.0
3.5
3.8
2.6
3.5
.6
3.7

4.6
2.1
3.4
6.9
3.2
3.7
1.0
1.7
.6
3.1

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana..............................................
M a in e .....................................................

1,971
140
421
4,457
2,256
1,302
1,075
1,452
1,295
514

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

13.1
13.7
9.4
12.1
8.6
9.0
11.1
8.8
10.4
0.1

12.0
17.9
11.9
13.6
11.3
12.1
12.6
12.0
12.6
13.0

2.9
3.7
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.5
3.1
2.4
3.4
1.8

13.4
13.6
11.5
12.9
12.5
11.2
11.3
11.6
16.7
12.0

16.1
14.6
14.6
16.8
13.6
14.0
15.8
14.2
15.8
12.9

9.0
16.2
15.1
12.6
13.0
14.1
12.7
12.6
9.1
13.8

15.1
9.8
11.4
11.5
13.8
12.0
12.0
12.5
15.6
13.6

8.1
2.1
4.9
7.2
12.4
6.2
6.3
10.0
4.1
12.3

4.0
3.1
5.3
3.9
4.3
4.7
4.0
5.3
5.4
4.7

4.2
3.2
4.1
4.3
4.7
4.4
3.8
3.3
3.3
4.8

2.1
2.1
9.0
2.4
3.4
9.7
7.3
7.4
3.5
2.8

M aryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
M innesota.............................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri.................................................
M o n tan a................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

1,650
2,775
3,470
2,030
704
2,020
360
739
408
495

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

14.3
11.4
10.3
10.3
9.6
10.0
9.9
9.3
11.1
11.4

18.5
15.7
11.6
12.9
12.3
11.2
11.0
11.0
10.8
14.3

3.7
3.3
3.1
3.4
2.9
2.7
2.4
2.7
3.0
3.4

12.6
10.9
11.9
11.1
14.5
11.9
12.7
10.8
12.7
11.6

17.0
17.2
15.8
15.1
14.0
15.9
13.0
14.0
14.4
14.4

10.6
12.8
13.3
16.0
7.7
12.3
14.2
14.0
23.9
11.7

11.6
11.7
12.8
11.8
15.9
13.1
12.9
11.7
11.4
14.7

3.4
8.6
10.5
5.5
8.9
7.4
2.9
5.2
2.3
10.4

3.0
3.5
4.2
3.8
5.8
5.8
5.9
4.4
4.5
2.4

3.0
3.7
3.9
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.1
4.1
3.6
3.6

2.2
1.2
2.6
6.2
4.2
5.5
10.2
11.8
2.2
1.9

New Jerse y..........................................
New M exico..........................................
New York ..............................................
North C aro lina.....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
O h io .......................................................
O klahom a..............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylv«nl«....... .................................
flhodf Island iiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiumiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

3,150
516
6,362
2,283
302
4,207
1,275
1,161
4,634
446

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

14.2
11.3
12.7
9.7
8.2
10.5
12.0
10.2

14.1
15.3
15.0
11.0
12.5
12.6
11.3
12.0
12.7
12,7

3.4
3.9
3.4
3.0
2.3
3.1
3.6
2.0
a.i
3.3

12.7
12.5
12.4
12.7
12.0
11.9
18.6
18.4
11,6
10.6

18.7
14.4
17.8
13.6
12.3
15.3
15.4
16.3
16.7
16,8

11.1
12.4
13.0
10.1
13.4
12.3
13.1
13.1
12.4
14.2

11.2
13.2
11.2
13.7
9.1
12.8
13.0
10.1
12.6
12.0

6.7
3.6
5.9
13.5
2.1
10.1
6,1
8.7
06
12.2

3.6
4.8
3.5
4.2
5.8
4.5
4.7
4.7
4.4
3.0

3.5
3.6
3.2
4.7
3.6
4.3
4.1
5.6
4.7
3,0

1.0
4.8
1.8
3.0
18.9
2.5
5.2

.8
.9

8.8
.7
1.9
3.6
1.0
.2

White

0,9
10,0

8m footnotes it end of tab
le.
60

8.8
2.0
1.8

Table 15. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed

Number
(In thou­
sands)

Executive,
adminis­
trative,
and man­
agerial

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Sales

Adminis­
trative
support,
Including
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
Farming,
Handlers,
produc­
forestry,
equip­
tion,
Machine
and fish­
Transpor­
ment
craft, and operators,
ing
tation and
cleaners,
assem­
repair
material
helpers,
blers, and
moving
and labor­
Inspectors
ers

O ° °

Population group and State

Managerial and
professional
specialty

Techni­
cians and
related
support

953
323
1,782
6,528
650
253
2,257
1,718
631
2,145
233

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.9
8.5
9.9
12.9
11.4
10.7
14.0
12.0
8.2
9.5
10.3

9.7
11.5
10.0
12.1
13.0
12.5
15.0
14.5
11.9
11.7
13.4

3.1
2.3
2.2
3.1
2.9
3.0
3.1
2.8
2.5
2.8
2.6

13.6
11.8
11.7
14.0
13.9
11.1
12.3
12.4
11.7
11.2
10.6

15.6
13.9
14.5
15.3
16.3
13.2
16.4
14.5
13.1
14.9
14.9

9.2
15.6
10.4
10.9
11.9
15.0
9.9
12.2
14.2
14.8
13.8

17.5
10.6
15.1
14.4
13.6
13.4
13.1
12.6
15.1
12.1
14.9

11.2
4.2
13.7
4.9
5.4
8.9
5.6
4.9
6.2
10.1
2.7

3.4
4.2
4.4
4.1
4.3
3.9
4.6
4.5
7.7
4.9
6.2

4.1
3.7
4.1
4.1
4.3
3.0
3.6
4.3
6.3
4.0
4.7

2.7
13.7
3.9
4.2
3.1
5.4
2.5
5.2
3.1
4.1
5.8

A labam a................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

334
99
767
57
122
39
188
695

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3.8
3.6
9.6
7.4
7.9
3.6
10.6
4.3

5.3
4.4
8.9
7.0
8.5
7.6
9.4
7.1

1.5
1.1
2.8
7.5
4.9
2.1
2.6
1.3

4.5
5.1
8.5
4.9
4.5
4.3
5.2
6.6

8.8
8.7
26.2
24.1
16.5
16.2
26.1
13.2

28.0
27.4
19.8
21.5
20.0
27.0
25.1
29.1

8.1
9.8
9.0
11.8
10.5
9.4
6.5
9.4

18.9
13.2
5.6
2.8
16.8
9.3
1.8
6.1

5.9
7.1
5.0
7.2
4.1
4.9
7.2
5.0

10.3
8.8
3.7
5.8
4.7
10.9
4.6
7.1

4.7
10.7
.9
(')
1.5
3.0
.7
10.7

G eorgia..................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................

605
536
129
47
101
431

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4.4
6.9
6.1
5.0
4.2
2.9

6.8
9.9
6.9
14.6
7.6
10.6

2.1
2.9
2.0
2.7
2.6
2.6

6.2
7.3
4.3
9.8
1.6
6.6

9.7
20.7
18.0
20.2
20.6
12.3

24.4
19.6
27.8
21.2
27.1
26.9

8.5
6.0
7.0
6.6
11.4
11.2

17.6
10.6
12.7
8.7
13.7
7.7

8.1
8.1
6.7
3.2
4.3
7.6

9.6
5.4
8.6
5.1
5.0
7.5

2.9
.5
(')
.9
2.0
3.9

M aryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri .................................................
Nevada ..................................................

422
102
359
253
167
31

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

10.4
8.1
5.6
3.7
4.3
6.4

12.1
10.8
9.3
9.0
5.7
6.1

4.1
6.1
2.0
1.4
1.7
4.2

5.5
4.9
6.5
3.5
6.0
6.3

20.7
18.3
13.8
8.1
20.5
14.7

23.1
24.8
24.1
23.5
32.0
49.1

6.9
8.4
10.6
9.9
8.2
3.1

5.2
13.2
16.8
17.3
7.2
3.7

8.1
3.4
4.5
7.8
4.7
3.3

4.6
1.8
4.2
9.3
7.6
1.5

1.4
0)
.5
6.8
2.1
1.6

New Jersey..........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a..............................................
Pennsylvania........................................

366
922
517
386
88
308

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

7.0
6.1
4.1
7.4
4.1
6.5

9.4
9.2
5.9
7.5
12.7
9.1

3.0
2.7
1.6
3.7
3.1
3.4

4.8
5.3
4.7
8.3
3.6
8.2

17.0
27.1
10.4
18.4
17.4
18.9

23.0
26.2
20.2
21.6
25.7
20.9

8.3
7.6
10.5
9.0
7.2
10.7

14.5
6.8
22.1
14.4
9.5
10.4

7.3
4.4
5.4
5.2
7.8
5.3

5.3
4.2
8.7
4.6
7.1
6.5

.3
.4
6.3
.1
1.8
.1

South Carolina.....................................
Tennessee ............................................
Texas .....................................................
Virginia...................................................

412
241
730
399

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

2.1
5.9
4.2
5.5

6.5
10.3
6.0
7.6

2.1
3.2
2.8
2.7

5.6
4.5
8.0
5.5

10.8
9.6
16.8
12.4

25.2
26.8
26.9
22.7

10.8
9.8
10.9
11.5

14.3
14.6
6.7
14.7

8.0
5.9
7.5
7.8

8.4
6.4
8.3
7.2

6.0
3.0
2.0
2.4

Arizona...................................................
California ...............................................
Colorado...............................................
Florida....................................................
Illinois.....................................................
M ichigan................................................

180
1,810
127
468
223
49

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

6.0
5.3
6.1
9.1
4.2
5.1

3.7
4.3
6.6
8.8
5.1
7.0

1.8
2.2
3.1
1.3
1.9
1.0

10.1
7.9
8.4
13.9
5.8
73

11.9
13.8
17.6
18.5
14.2
18.6

14.8
17.1
19.1
13.6
19.7
12.0

14.8
14.2
13.0
13.4
13.0
8.7

12.1
15.6
6.6
9.5
21.8
23.1

3.8
4.1
5.0
4.2
2.7
6.4

8.3
6.6
9.0
6.5
9.3
4.6

12.6
8.7
5.4
1.3
2.2
6.2

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico..........................................
New York ..............................................
Texas .....................................................

221
170
544
1,268

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

7.3
7.3
7.1
6.0

5.0
6.3
5.4
5.2

2.7
3.2
2.2
2.0

8.1
10.3
7.6
10.0

15.5
15.1
20.6
13.2

14.3
19.6
22.1
16.8

11.3
14.4
10.6
17.9

24.9
6.4
14.9
9.1

5.0
5.9
4.4
5.3

5.2
6.4
4.1
8.4

.6
5.2
1.0
6.0

Percent

White— Continued

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
W ashington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin.............................................
Wyoming................................................
Black

Hispanic origin

1 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­

ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

61

Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced' civilian labor force by industry, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Employment status and State

Total2
Total3
Total4

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transpor­
tation,
communi­
cations,
and pub­
lic utili­
ties

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices5

Govern­
ment

Agricul­
ture

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Alabama ...............................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California ...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
Delaware ..............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

1,761
244
1,427
1,031
12,401
1,699
1,662
304
316
5,057

1,667
241
1,352
941
11,860
1,625
1,631
295
306
4,784

1,253
151
1,038
706
9,054
1,220
1,335
240
182
3,685

Georgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

2,735
470
462
5,532
2,601
1,405
1,192
1,701
1,917
549

2,627
452
415
5,358
2,482
1,263
1,097
1,562
1,831
533

2,062
317
293
4,267
1,995
918
833
1,183
1,355
388

M aryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
Michigan ................................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .................................................
Montana ................................................
N ebraska...............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

2,232
3,036
4,283
2,215
1,057
2,364
404
793
494
519

2,170
2,985
4,126
2,058
995
2,220
360
694
480
506

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York .............................................
North C arolina.....................................
North D a ko ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

3,798
624
7,999
2,992
326
5,051
1,538
1,328
5,421
487

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin.............................................
Wyoming................................................

92
20
109
54
569
115
68
19

219
0
142
111
1,608
139
324
20

354

412
12
182
214
2,363
207
451
68
(®
)
570

331

165
23
22
225
113
46
58
71
180
26

592
24
55
1,232
734
248
207
348
202
134

234

1,504
2,415
3,323
1,563
727
1,699
245
502
384
405

115
129
156
90
61
106
17
34
31
28

239
766
1,190
385
244
452
27
97
24
150

147
501
905
233
126
271
16
49
14
104

3,735
586
7,814
2,844
264
4,887
1,454
1,228
5,278
479

2,989
364
5,970
2,219
181
3,978
1,078
889
4,299
388

162
38
314
146
14
196
72
42
260

409
23
821
371

(6)

852
43
1,443
936
16
1,338
198
247
1,319
150

1,467
345
2,191
7,803
715
268
2,822
2,038
756
2,364
253

1,413
296
2,080
7,405
689
253
2,713
1,909
725
2,254
237

1,080
197
1,580
5,719
503
193
1,958
1,364
541
1,780
157

110
12
113
610
51
16
155
102
37
104
21

341
35
567
1,111
102
53
492
318
114
589
10

A lab a m a................................................
Alaska...................................................,
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California ...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut...........................................
D elaw are...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

167
24
66
80
869
89
67
16
25
280

157
24
60
74
787
85
64
15
24
254

133
19
52
64
684
73
56
14
17
218

19
5
7
10
87
12
5
2

41
2
6
20
178
7
22
5

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................

140
23
31
439

130
22
27
425

116
18
23
378

(*)

(6)

194
8
40
103
755
68
127
48
238

96
20
73
56
629
103
82
13
17
272

317
41
286
195
2,334
323
277
63
37
1,126

69
11
105
36
769
115
145
19
18
357

252
41
266
147
2,341
310
310
57
91
990

276
59
182
136
1,672
257
196
41
104
691

358
18
22
486
197
119
75
145
104
82

184
36
23
329
127
63
64
103
107
21

563
110
91
1,072
510
279
219
306
415
103

141
29
21
346
112
65
62
70
86
18

412
96
77
1,025
393
215
209
254
303
85

388
100
70
732
318
228
179
248
339
88

92
265
284
152
118
181

110
144
181
124
52
152
23
56
28
19

410
530
845
454
178
440
81
156
87
93

123
184
176
106
39
129
15
37
24
27

503
661
763
391
129
415
64
122
178
88

538
389
545
321
174
329
67
124
65
58

262
29
468
143
16
246
77
64
269

715
106
1,420
509
64
1,029
294
251
1,040
89

259
27
640
109
11
251
68
68
287
23

737
100
1,674
373
48
881
271
216
1,064
95

556
156
1,382
423
55
647
231
205
634
64

O

70
16
84
470
33
10
144
107

216
50
317
1,300
119
51
517
338
107
403
38

232
64
319
1,024
129
37
567
360
134
314
54

0

151
93
45
125
15

285
67
391
1,553
151
52
492
401
145
460
44

39
5
15
16
191
22
14
3
5
80

27
4
14
14
161
18
11
3
7
54

20
4
5
8
74
8
6
1
6
23

35
6
6
106

22
4
5
85

12
3
3
38

<■)

0
33
746
537
129
132
203
98
52

(6)

47
O

46

921
129
178
789
106

444
20
622
565
11
417
69
70
530
44

122
21
262
637
68
37
229
219
62
357

218
14
305
474
34
16
263
99
52
232

n

(8)

O

(*)

58
13
101
428
35
O

f
t

98
9

59
(*)

53
72
390
59
0
(*)
<*)

196
62
<*)

39
121
86
128
84
111
57
f)
(*)
(*)

96
127
37
116
39
90
(*)

O
29
103
106
58
106
71
80
94
(e)

44
82
289
(*)

11
0
101
<*>

81
13

UNEMPLOYED

(6)

n

23

17

17

4
2
4
2
33
4
2
1
1
12

10

23
1
1
41

7
2
1
23

(6)

4
8
105
5
15
2
(6)

28

34

14
4
5
38

33
1
4
108

See footnotes at end of table.

62

(6)

3
67

18
1
2
12
72
2
6
3
(6)

1
0
2
1
31
7
2
1
1
10
4
<7)

1
14

4
O

4
4
65
2
(6)
(8)
f8)

16
5
(8)

3
7

Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1984 annua! averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Employment status and State

Total2
Total3
Total4

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transportat ion,
communi­
cations,
and pub­
lic utili­
ties

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices5

Govern­
ment

Agriculture

UNEM PLO YED-Continued

Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

201
88
58
144
172
31

189
81
56
134
166
29

168
73
49
118
146
26

24
10
6
16
36
4

60
25
14
30
25
9

42
17
8
16
13
2

18
7
6
14
11
7

6
4
3
8
7
1

44
22
13
33
45
5

4
1
2
3
4
1

30
11
11
21
23
5

16
6
6
14
18
3

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
Michigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .................................................
Montana ................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

109
131
412
127
99
157
28
30
37
21

103
125
393
120
94
149
26
28
35
20

84
113
346
99
81
130
20
24
32
18

13
12
35
15
14
13
3
4
4
4

15
33
118
25
31
33
2
4
2
5

8
17
88
14
14
15
2
2
1
2

7
16
30
10
16
18

4
5
14
8
3
9
1
1
1
1

23
26
91
28
24
38
6
9
10
4

4
7
11
2
1
6
1
1
1

25
29
75
17
7
30
5
6
13
4

17
11
40
16
11
15
5
3
3
1

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico.........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina .....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a..............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania.........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

206
43
494
164
15
433
98
117
433
24

199
40
476
150
14
417
93
107
418
23

175
30
410
132
11
365
77
92
370
21

17
7
41
13
3
44
12
10
50
<*)

52
4
98
55
1
123
15
26
121
9

22
2
50
18
<*)
89
8
18
81
7

O

10
1
31
5
(7)
23
4
6
20

49
8
109
34
4
89
19
26
93
5

10
1
20
4
(7)
14
2
5
14
1

37
7
111
20
2
70
17
19
63
4

20
9
57
15
3
45
11
11
41
2

South Carolina.....................................
South Dakota.......................................
Tennessee ............................................
Texas .....................................................
U ta h .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

93
14
158
416
42
13
124
179
103
146
15

89
13
149
387
40
12
115
166
100
139
14

81
10
126
345
34
11
96
142
89
122
13

10
2
18
58
7
2
13
22
14
18
3

27
2
44
62
8
3
27
30
17
39
1

7
1
20
31
5
2
13
20
12
23
(®
)

20
1
23
31
3
1
14
10
6
15
(®
)

3

16
3
21
68
6
2
18
32
12
25
3

6
2
21
33
5
1
16
20
10
14
1

A laba m a................................................
A laska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California ...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut...........................................
Delaware ...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

9.5
9.8
4.6
7.7
7.0
5.2
4.0
5.2
7.8
5.5

9.4
9.8
4.4
7.9
6.6
5.2
3.9
5.1
7.9
5.3

10.6
12.4
5.0
9.1
7.6
6.0
4.2
5.7
9.5
5.9

21.1
23.8
6.4
19.5
15.3
10.6
7.0
9.8
(6)
8.0

9.9
16.9
3.1
9.3
7.5
3.3
4.8
6.8
5.9

10.5
f6)
2.8
7.4
6.6
3.7
4.7
9.5
(")
5.0

Georgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

5.1
4.9
6.7
7.9
7.7
6.2
4.8
8.5
9.0
5.7

4.9
4.9
6.4
7.9
7.6
6.4
5.1
8.6
9.1
5.5

5.6
5.7
7.7
8.9
8.4
8.0
5.9
9.9
10.8
6.6

8.4
17.1
20.6
17.0
20.9
21.5
9.8
22.1
20.3
16.3

5.6
5.9
7.2
8.8
8.2
9.9
6.5
8.5
12.2
6.9

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .................................................

4.9
4.3
9.6
5.7
9.4
6.6

4.8
4.2
9.5
5.8
9.5
6.7

5.6
4.7
10.4
6.3
11.2
7.6

11.2
9.2
22.6
16.2
22.2
12.2

6.2
4.3
9.9
6.4
12.6
7.3

f
t

2

(6)
2
30
2
48
37
34
7
8
40
2

f
t

3

0

6
8
5
5
1

21
3
33
115
9
2
30
42
21
31
3

9.2
15.1
4.0
11.4
9.6
2.5
4.9
5.7
(6)
7.2

4.3
8.6
5.4
4.0
5.3
4.3
2.7
6.1
5.6
4.4

12.4
11.3
5.1
8.2
8.2
6.8
5.1
5.2
14.9
7.1

1.4
3.6
2.2
2.3
4.0
5.8
1.5
3.5
3.8
2.7

10.6
11.0
5.2
9.6
6.9
5.8
3.5
4.4
8.2
5.4

7.4
6.6
2.6
5.7
4.4
3.0
3.2
2.9
5.8
3.3

4.3
(®
)
8.4
9.0
7.9
13.6
6.0
7.8
13.6
4.1

6.5
5.8
5.3
8.4
8.9
6.0
7.5
9.4
10.8
8.7

3.8
6.2
2.4
6.9
5.0
6.4
5.4
7.6
6.7
6.3

6.2
5.9
6.5
9.9
8.6
7.9
5.8
10.8
10.9
5.3

3.2
.4
6.2
4.1
4.0
2.3
3.1
4.4
4.6
4.0

5.3
4.1
6.3
8.3
7.6
5.1
5.3
8.4
7.7
5.5

3.1
3.3
4.7
5.2
5.1
2.6
3.4
5.8
5.2
3.7

5.6
3.5
9.7
6.1
11.5
5.5

7.3
5.9
10.5
6.8
13.8
10.2

3.7
3.5
7.7
6.8
6.3
5.8

5.6
4.9
10.7
6.1
13.5
8.7

3.6
3.9
6.4
2.2
2.2
4.6

5.0
4.5
9.8
4.3
5.5
7.3

3.1
2.8
7.3
4.9
6.4
4.6

(7)
5
18
2

f
t

ft

4
13
1

(7)
2
6

f
t

4

ft

6
5
1
6
3
(«)

ft

f
t

8
5
2
6
1
1

(6)
(«)
(6)
1
7
11
1
6
3
7
9

ft
ft

f
t

5
17
(e)
(7)
<
6)
9
(6)
4
1

UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE

ft

See footnotes at end of table.

63

7.4

f
t

7.5
6.0
16.7
3.8

ft

f
t

ft

8.2
8.5

ft

8.4
6.0
6.8
3.6
1.5
5.8
6.0

(®
)
(6)

f
t

8.1
3.9
5.7
4.7

Table 16. States: Employment statue of the experienced' civilian labor force by Industry, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Number* In thousands)

Nonagrlcultural Industries
Private nonagrlcultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Employment status and State

Total3
Total3
Total4

Construc­
tion

Durable
goods

Total

Non­
durable
goods

Transpor­
tation,
communi­
cations,
and pub­
lic utili­
ties

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices3

Govern­
ment

Agrlculture

UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE—Continued

M o ntana................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

7.0
3.6
7.4
4.0

7.3
4.1
7.3
3.9

8.4
4.8
8.3
4.4

18.2
10.4
13.8
15.0

9.0
4.5
8.9
3.1

11.1
3.9
7.6
2.3

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico.........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

5.4
6.8
6.2
5.5
4.7
8.6
6.4
8.8
8.0
4.9

5.3
6.8
6.1
5.3
5.4
8.5
6.4
8.7
7.9
4.8

5.9
8.3
6.9
5.9
6.1
9.2
7.2
10.4
8.6
5.4

10.2
18.6
13.0
9.2
20.5
22.3
17.1
24.6
19.4

5.4
10.5
6.1
4.8

P>

6.1
9.5
6.8
5.8
5.2
9.2
7.7
10.7
9.2
6.2

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
U ta h .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
W ashington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming...............................................

6.3
4.0
7.2
5.3
5.8
4.8
4.4
8.8
13.6
6.2
8.0

6.3
4.4
7.2
5.2
5.8
4.9
4.2
8.7
13.8
8.1
8.1

7.5
5.3
8.0
6.0
6.8
5.8
4.9
10.4
16.5

9.1
14.3
16.0
9.6
14.2
12.8
6.2
21.7
37.8
17.3
16.0

8.0
4.9
7.7
5.6
7.7
6.0
5.5
9.6
15.0
6.6
7.3

6.8
8.0

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
* Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers, and
mining.
3 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
4 Includes mining.
3 Excludes private household workers.

P)
5.2

P)
4.8

9.6
6.3
10.2
10.3
6.8

6.7
8.5
7.8
6.5
4.0
8.1
10.3
11.8
7.6
4.9

5.9
4.1
7.8
4.9
7.4
5.0
5.5
9.3
16.7
6.6

9.2
6.1
7.8
6.5
8.3
8.3
5.5
10.2
10.6
6.7

P)

P)

P)

4.7
2.2
4.1
3.6

7.1
5.5
11.1
3.9

5.0
1.1
5.5
2.3

8.3
5.0
7.4
4.7

7.1
2.6
3.9
2.1

3.9
4.7
6.5
3.3
2.2
9.2
5.8
9.2
7.4

6.9
7.7
7.7
6.7
6.0
8.6
6.4
10.3
9.0
5.4

3.8
3.4
3.1
4.1
2.0
5.5
2.8
6.9
5.0
2.6

5.1
6.8
6.6
5.5
4.4
7.9
6.3
8.9
5.9
4.0

3.7
5.5
4.1
3.6
4.9
7.0
4.7
5.3
6.5
2.7

P)

7.2
5.0
8.5
7.4
5.7
4.6
6.0
10.4
14.5
6.7
7.7

4.8
2.3
5.3
2.7
3.3
2.6
1.6
5.9

7.6
5.3
6.6
5.3
4.8
4.3
3.4
9.6
11.5
6.2
6.8

2.8
3.5
6.7
3.2
3.8
3.5
2.9
5.4
7.2
4.6
2.4

P)

P)
5.4
3.4
4.7
4.2
4.9

P)
4.0
8.9
11.9
3.7
6.2

P)
4.2
3.4

3.1
1.4

P)
P)
4.7
6.9
10.5
1.4
5.8
3.8
8.9
10.0

P)
1.1
6.2
5.9

P)
2.0

P)
8.8

P)
4.7
4.6

* Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample In that area. See
appendix B.
7 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.

64

Table 17. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1984 annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Total employed

Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2
Total3

Con­
struction

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transportation,
com­
munica­
tions,
and pub­
lic
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insur­
ance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices4

Govern­
ment

Agricul­
ture

TOTAL

Alabama......................................................
A lask a.........................................................
Arizona ........................................................
Arkansas .....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut................................................
Delaware.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

1,594
220
1,361
951
11,532
1,610
1,595
289
291
4,777

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

94.7
98.7
94.9
91.1
96.0
95.6
98.2
96.9
96.9
94.8

70.3
60.2
72.4
67.5
72.6
71.2
80.2
78.2
56.6
72.6

4.5
6.9
7.5
4.5
4.2
6.4
3.9
6.0
2.5
6.8

23.3
4.4
13.0
20.4
19.0
12.4
26.9
21.9
3.4
11.2

12.3
1.3
10.1
10.8
13.0
8.3
19.3
6.2
.5
6.6

11.0
3.1
2.8
9.6
5.9
4.1
7.6
15.6
2.8
4.6

5.8
8.3
5.0
5.6
5.2
6.1
5.0
4.2
5.4
5.4

17.4
16.6
19.9
18.8
18.6
18.7
16.5
20.8
10.7
21.9

4.3
5.0
7.5
3.7
6.4
6.7
8.9
6.3
5.9
7.3

14.1
16.4
18.5
13.9
18.9
18.1
18.7
18.9
28.9
19.6

16.0
25.2
13.0
13.5
13.9
15.5
11.9
13.8
33.8
14.0

3.4
.5
3.6
7.1
2.8
3.5
.9
1.6
.2
3.8

G eorgia.......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Io w a .............................................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
Maine ..........................................................

2,594
446
431
5,093
2,400
1,318
1,135
1,556
1,745
518

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.2
96.4
90.1
96.9
95.5
89.7
91.8
91.7
95.4
97.2

75.0
66.9
62.7
76.4
76.1
64.1
69.1
68.5
69.3
70.0

5.8
4.2
4.1
3.7
3.7
2.7
4.6
3.5
8.2
4.2

21.5
5.0
11.9
22.1
28.1
17.0
17.1
20.5
10.2
24.1

8.6
1.3
7.1
13.3
20.6
8.5
11.0
12.0
4.9
9.7

12.9
3.7
4.9
8.7
7.5
8.5
6.1
8.4
5.3
14.4

6.8
7.5
5.1
6.0
5.0
4.5
5.4
6.1
5.7
3.8

20.4
23.1
19.8
19.0
19.4
19.5
18.2
17.5
21.2
18.9

5.3
6.5
4.5
6.5
4.5
4.8
5.3
4.3
4.7
3.4

15.0
20.6
16.8
18.5
15.1
15.5
17.5
15.0
16.0
15.6

14.5
21.7
15.4
13.6
12.6
16.8
15.2
15.0
18.4
16.4

2.2
2.7
8.4
2.2
3.3
9.4
7.3
6.7
3.1
1.8

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts...........................................
Michigan .....................................................
Minnesota...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
N e braska....................................................
Nevada ........................................................
New Hampshire........................................

2,123
2,906
3,871
2,088
958
2,207
376
763
457
498

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

97.3
98.4
96.4
92.8
94.0
93.9
89.0
87.3
97.3
97.6

66.9
79.2
76.9
70.1
67.4
71.1
59.7
62.6
76.9
77.7

4.8
4.0
3.1
3.6
5.0
4.2
3.8
4.0
5.9
4.7

10.6
25.2
27.7
17.3
22.3
19.0
6.6
12.1
4.8
29.3

6.5
16.6
21.1
10.5
11.7
11.6
3.8
6.2
2.9
20.5

4.0
8.6
6.6
6.8
10.6
7.4
2.8
5.9
1.9
8.8

5.0
4.8
4.3
5.5
5.1
6.5
5.9
7.1
5.8
3.7

18.2
17.3
19.5
20.4
16.0
18.2
20.0
19.3
17.0
17.8

5.6
6.1
4.3
5.0
4.0
5.6
3.8
4.8
4.9
5.3

22.5
21.7
17.8
17.9
12.7
17.4
15.7
15.2
36.0
16.8

24.6
13.0
13.0
14.6
17.0
14.2
16.5
15.8
13.7
11.3

1.6
.9
2.3
5.8
3.6
5.0
10.1
11.6
2.0
1.3

New Jersey ................................................
New M exico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina............................................
North D akota..............................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Rhode Island..............................................

3,592
582
7,505
2,828
311
4,618
1,439
1,210
4,988
464

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

98.4
93.9
97.8
95.3
80.4
96.8
94.5
92.6
97.4
98.4

78.3
57.4
74.1
73.8
54.7
78.2
69.5
65.8
78.8
79.1

4.0
5.4
3.6
4.7
3.5
3.3
4.1
2.6
4.2
3.2

22.3
6.7
17.9
31.2
5.0
26.3
12.7
18.2
24.0
30.3

10.8
3.6
10.3
12.5
1.6
18.0
8.4
13.2
14.2
21.3

11.5
3.1
7.6
18.7
3.4
8.3
4.3
5.1
9.8
9.0

7.0
4.8
5.8
4.9
5.2
4.8
5.0
4.8
5.0
2.6

18.5
16.8
17.5
16.8
19.4
20.4
19.1
18.6
19.0
18.2

6.9
4.4
8.3
3.7
3.6
5.1
4.6
5.2
5.5
4.9

19.5
16.0
20.8
12.5
14.9
17.6
17.7
16.2
20.1
19.8

14.9
25.3
17.7
14.4
16.9
13.0
15.3
16.0
11.9
13.5

.8
4.8
1.3
3.3
18.3
2.2
4.7
6.0
1.7
.7

South C arolina...........................................
South D a ko ta.............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
Verm ont......................................................
Virginia........................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia..............................................
Wisconsin ...................................................
Wyoming.....................................................

1,374
331
2,033
7,387
674
255
2,698
1,859
653
2,218
238

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.3
85.6
95.0
95.0
96.3
94.4
96.3
93.7
95.8
95.4
93.8

72.7
56.5
71.6
72.8
69.6
71.4
69.0
65.7
69.1
74.7
60.8

7.3
3.1
4.7
7.5
6.5
5.6
5.3
4.3
3.5
3.9
7.5

22.8
10.0
25.8
14.2
14.0
19.4
17.2
15.5
14.8
24.8
3.8

8.4
6.0
11.9
8.2
9.4
13.7
8.0
10.7
7.7
15.0
1.5

14.4
4.0
13.9
6.0
4.6
5.7
9.2
4.8
7.2
9.7
2.3

4.0
3.7
4.8
5.5
5.0
3.1
5.4
4.5
6.0
5.4
6.0

19.2
19.3
17.6
19.5
21.1
19.6
17.1
19.3
18.9
19.3
17.1

4.8
4.8
3.9
6.2
4.7
3.9
5.3
5.4
3.1
4.2
3.7

14.5
14.4
14.6
16.7
16.8
19.3
18.5
16.4
14.6
17.0
14.8

16.4
18.6
14.6
13.4
18.4
13.9
20.4
18.3
19.1
13.5
22.4

2.0
13.0
3.8
3.7
2.8
4.1
2.3
5.0
2.2
3.5
5.3

Alabama......................................................
A lask a .........................................................
Arizona ........................................................
Arkansas .....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut................................................
Delaware.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

911
122
770
539
6,475
887
888
155
145
2,665

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

94.6
99.4
94.1
89.2
95.5
94.6
98.7
97.3
98.9
94.1

70.7
62.1
72.5
86.6
72.6
71.4
80.4
79.8
58.4
71.7

7.5
11.5
12.1
7.5
6.6
10.1
6.4
10.2
4.6
11.3

27.8
5.5
14.8
23.5
22.4
15.0
33.3
27.3
3.8
13.0

16.6
2.0
12.0
14.2
16.2
10.6
24.7
9.2
.6
8.4

11.0
3.5
2.8
9.3
6.2
4.4
8.6
18.0
3.2
4.5

7.2
10.3
6.7
7.5
6.2
7.0
6.1
5.4
6.8
6.5

15.0
14.9
18.8
16.6
18.1
17.5
15.7
18.7
12.5
20.6

3.3
3.1
6.1
3.2
4.1
4.3
6.1
3.6
5.9

6.2

8.6
12.9
12.5
7.6
14.6
13.8
12.7
14.3
24.6
14.6

14.5
22.0
11.2
10.4
12.0
13.3
10.9
11.6
31.9
12.4

5.1
.4
5.4
10.4
4.1
5.2
1.1
2.3
.5
5.7

G eorgia.......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................

1,438
240
245
2,885

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.3
96.0
87.7
96.5

74J
63.3
60.8
76.6

9.7
7.1
6.3
5.7

22.9
5.3
14,7
27.2

11.4
1,7
9.5
17,2

11.4
3,7
6,1
10.0

9.4
69

18.6
21,0
17.0
17.5

3.7
5.3
2,2
4.6

10.2
16.7
13.2
12,8

13.2
23,7
13.5
11.0

34
3.6
11,9
3,4

Men

See footnotes at end of table.

63

6.6
7.6

Table 17. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed1

Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2
Total3

Con­
struction

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Trans­
porta­
tion,
com­
munica­
tions,
and pub­
lic
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insur­
ance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices4

Govern­
ment

Agricul­
ture

Men—Continued

Indiana........................................................
Io w a .............................................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
Maine ..........................................................

1,352
737
633
896
1,007
284

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

95.1
86.0
89.2
90.0
95.3
97.4

78.2
62.4
69.3
69.2
72.6
69.4

6.1
4.3
6.8
5.5
13.3
7.0

35.9
21.2
22.5
23.3
13.6
27.6

27.8
11.1
15.6
15.2
7.1,
12.5

8.1
10.2
8.9
8.1
6.5
15.2

7.0
6.5
7.6
8.6
7.5
5.0

15.7
18.3
16.5
16.4
19.5
16.9

3.4
2.7
3.7
2.6
2.7
2.6

9.7
9.1
10.6
10.2
11.2
10.1

9.8
13.8
12.0
11.5
14.1
14.9

4.7
13.8
10.6
9.7
4.4
2.2

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts..........................................
Michigan .............. ..................................
Minnesota...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
Nebraska....................................................
Nevada........................................................
New Hampshire........................................

1,171
1,602
2,180
1,151
542
1,246
218
427
260
268

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

97.9
98.5
96.6
91.0
93.9
92.9
86.3
83.0
96.9
97.9

67.1
78.3
79.2
69.3
68.6
71.1
59.4
60.4
77.2
77.0

7.6
6.9
4.9
6.0
8.4
7.1
5.8
6.7
9.6
8.0

13.3
29.3
37.6
21.2
23.7
22.3
9.2
13.9
5.8
33.8

9.0
20.4
30.3
13.4
15.0
15.4
5.5
6.7
3.5
24.3

4.3
8.9
7.3
7.8
8.7
6.9
3.7
7.2
2.2
9.5

6.5
6.2
5.6
7.0
7.0
8.8
7.2
9.4
7.0
4.1

17.6
15.4
16.6
20.1
14.8
17.1
17.3
18.3
16.2
16.8

4.5
4.2
2.6
3.6
2.8
3.9
2.5
2.8
3.9
3.3

17.5
16.2
11.5
10.8
8.1
11.5
11.0
9.2
31.0
10.8

23.9
12.5
10.2
12.7
13.3
11.9
13.7
12.9
12.5
9.8

1.8
1.2
2.9
8.5
5.6
7.0
13.4
16.6
2.9
1.6

New Jersey ................................................
New M exico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina............................................
North Dakota..............................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Rhode Island..............................................

1,993
337
4,247
1,556
180
2,616
791
689
2,862
257

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

98.7
93.0
98.0
95.0
74.6
96.6
93.0
92.1
97.6
98.5

78.4
59.1
74.1
75.1
52.1
79.4
67.6
67.6
78.8
77.3

6.6
8.5
5.9
7.9
5.6
5.1
6.6
4.2
6.8
5.2

25.4
7.9
20.7
32.4
6.9
34.1
15.3
24.2
29.2
35.3

12.8
4.4
13.4
15.2
2.2
24.5
10.5
18.5
19.2
24.2

12.6
3.5
7.3
17.3
4.6
9.6
4.8
5.7
10.0
11.1

8.7
6.4
7.3
6.3
6.4
6.3
6.1
6.5
6.8
3.4

17.6
15.6
17.1
16.5
17.9
18.0
16.7
18.5
16.9
17.3

5.8
2.7
7.0
2.8
2.6
3.4
2.8
3.2
3.7
2.9

14.3
12.8
15.8
9.0
7.9
11.5
11.8
10.9
13.8
13.1

13.2
21.3
16.6
11.1
13.9
10.7
13.8
13.8
10.9
13.6

1.1
6.7
1.8
4.7
25.2
3.1
6.9
7.1
2.2
1.2

South Carolina..........................................
South D akota.............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
Verm ont......................................................
Virginia........................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia.............................................
Wisconsin ...................................................
Wyoming.....................................................

765
182
1,116
4,276
391
145
1,499
1,062
385
1,237
138

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.4
80.7
94.1
94.3
95.9
93.7
96.6
92.9
96.8
94.9
93.0

71.8
53.2
70.8
73.7
71.1
71.8
71.0
66.2
73.5
74.4
62.6

11.6
5.3
7.7
11.9
10.4
9.3
9.0
6.9
5.2
6.1
11.2

23.1
11.9
26.7
16.9
16.5
23.1
20.7
20.6
19.4
30.7
4.8

9.8
7.1
15.4
10.1
12.2
18.0
11.4
15.2
11.3
19.0
2.1

13.2
4.8
11.4
6.8
4.3
5.1
9.3
5.3
8.0
11.7
2.7

5.6
4.8
6.5
6.9
6.5
4.0
6.9
5.6
8.3
7.3
8.8

17.7
18.1
17.1
18.3
18.5
17.9
18.2
17.7
16.1
17.7
14.2

3.7
3.3
3.1
4.0
3.7
3.0
4.2
3.8
2.4
2.2
2.0

10.0
7.6
8.9
11.7
13.1
13.7
13.6
11.1
8.6
10.3
9.5

14.4
16.0
13.1
'11.1
16.5
11.8
18.3
16.7
15.9
11.7
19.0

3.3
19.1
5.7
5.4
3.9
5.8
3.2
8.5
2.9
4.6
6.8

Alabam a......................................................
A la s k a .........................................................
Arizona........................................................
Arkansas.....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut................................................
Delaware.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

683
98
592
412
5,056
724
707
134
146
2,112

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

94.9
97.8
96.0
93.6
96.7
96.8
97.6
96.5
95.0
95.8

69.7
57.9
72.4
68.6
72.6
71.1
79.9
76.6
54.9
73.7

.7
1.1
1.5
.7
1.1
1.8
.9
1.1
.4
1.2

17.6
3.0
10.6
16.3
14.5
9.3
19.0
15.6
2.9
9.0

6.5
.4
7.6
6.4
9.0
5.5
12.6
2.7
.5
4.3

11.1
2.6
2.9
9.9
5.5
3.8
6.4
12.9
2.4
4.7

3.8
5.8
2.9
3.2
3.9
5.0
3.6
2.8
4.0
4.1

20.6
18.7
21.5
21.7
19.2
20.2
17.5
23.3
8.8
23.7

5.6
7.5
9.4
4.4
9.3
9.8
12.5
9.5
5.9
9.9

21.4
20.8
26.3
22.3
24.5
23.4
26.4
24.2
32.9
25.7

18.1
29.1
15.3
17.4
16.2
18.2
13.2
16.3
35.8
16.1

1.2
.6
1.2
2.9
1.1
1.5
.6
.8
(s)
1.4

G eorgia.......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Io w a .............................................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
M a in e ..........................................................

1,156
206
186
2,208
1,048
580
502
660
738
234

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.1
97.0
93.4
97.3
96.2
94.4
95.0
94.2
95.4
96.9

75.3
71.1
65.3
76.0
73.4
66.3
68.7
67.5
64.8
70.6

1.0
.8
1.2
1.0
.6
.8
1.8
.9
1.3
.7

19.9
4.6
8.3
15.4
18.1
11.5
10.3
16.6
5.5
19.8

5.1
.8
3.8
8.2
11.3
• 5.2
5.1
7.7
1.8
6.3

14.7
3.8
4.6
7.2
6.7
6.4
5.1
8.9
3.7
13.5

3.6
6.0
3.2
3.7
2.6
2.0
2.6
2.7
3.3
2.3

22.5
25.6
23.5
20.9
24.2
21.0
20.4
19.0
23.5
21.2

7.2
7.8
7.6
9.1
5.9
7.4
7.2
6.5
7.5
4.4

21.1
26.3
21.6
25.8
22.1
23.7
26.2
21.4
22.6
22.2

16.1
19.3
17.9
15.9
16.1
20.7
19.3
19.8
24.3
18.2

.7
1.8
3.7
.7
1.6
3.7
3.1
2.6
1.2
1.2

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts..........................................
M ichigan.....................................................
Minnesota...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................

952
1,304
1,691
937
416
961
158

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.6
98.3
96.2
95.1
94.1
95.1
92.7

66.6
80.4
73.9
71.1
65.9
71.2
60.3

1.4
.6
.8
.7
.5
.5
1.0

7.2
20.1
14.9
12.5
20.5
14.6
3.0

3.5
12.1
9.3
6.8
7.4
6.6
1.4

3.7
8.1
5.6
5.6
13.1
8.0
1.6

3.2
3.0
2.7
3.7
2.7
3.5
4.1

19.0
19.7
23.2
20.8
17.7
19.7
23.7

7.0
8.4
8.3
6.6
5.6
7.7
5.7

28.7
28.5
25.8
26.7
18.7
25.1
22.1

25.4
13.6
16.7
17.0
21.8
17.3
20.4

1.2
.5
1.5
2.6
1.0
2.5
5.5

Women

See footnotes at end of table.

66

Table 17. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed1

Nonagricultural Industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total*
Total3

Con­
struction

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transportation,
com­
munica­
tions,
and pub­
lic
utilities

Trade

Finance,
Insur­
ance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices4

Govern­
ment

Agricul­
ture

Women—Continued

Nebraska ....................................................
Nevada ........................................................
New Hampshire.........................................

336
197
230

100.0
100.0
100.0

92.7
97.8
97.4

65.3
76.6
78.6

0.6
1.0
.9

9.8
3.5
24.0

5.5
1.9
16.0

4.2
1.5
8.0

4.2
4.2
3.2

20.5
18.0
19.1

7.3
6.3
7.6

22.8
42.7
23.8

19.5
15.3
13.1

5.2
.8
.9

New Jersey ................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina............................................
North D akota..............................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Rhode Island..............................................

1,599
245
3,259
1,272
130
2,002
646
522
2,126
207

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

98.1
95.1
97.4
95.6
88.3
97.1
96.4
93.3
97.1
98.4

78.3
55.2
74.1
72.2
58.1
76.7
71.8
63.5
78.7
81.4

.9
1.1
.7
.7
.6
.9
1.2
.6
.8
.7

18.3
5.1
14.3
29.6
2.4
16.2
9.6
10.4
17.0
24.2

8.2
2.5
6.2
9.2
.7
9.6
5.8
6.2
7.5
17.7

10.1
2.6
8.1
20.4
1.7
6.6
3.8
4.2
9.6
6.5

4.9
2.6
3.9
3.1
3.5
3.0
3.8
2.5
2.5
1.7

19.7
18.5
17.9
17.2
21.6
23.4
22.0
18.6
21.8
19.4

8.4
6.8
9.9
4.8
5.0
7.4
6.7
8.0
7.9
7.4

26.0
20.4
27.4
16.7
24.6
25.5
24.8
23.4
28.5
28.0

17.0
30.9
19.0
18.5
21.1
16.1
17.2
19.0
13.2
13.4

.4
2.2
.6
1.7
8.8
1.0
2.1
4.5
■ 1.0
.1

South C arolina..........................................
South D a ko ta.............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
V erm ont........................................... ..........
Virginia........................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia..............................................
W isconsin...................................................
W yoming.....................................................

609
149
917
3,111
263
110
1,199
797
266
981
100

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.2
91.7
96.1
96.0
96.7
95.2
95.9
94.8
94.5
95.9
95.0

73.9
60.5
72.8
71.5
67.7
70.8
86.6
65.0
63.0
75.2
58.3

1.9
.5
1.0
1.3
1.1
.7
.7
.8
1.0
1.0
2.3

22.5
7.7
24.6
10.5
10.5
14.6
12.9
8.7
8.4
17.3
2.4

6.5
4.7
7.7
5.6
5.5
8.0
3.8
4.6
2.4
10.0
.6

16.0
2.9
16.9
4.9
5.0
6.6
9.1
4.1
5.9
7.3
1.8

1.9
2.2
2.7
3.7
2.9
2.0
3.4
3.1
2.9
3.0
2.2

21.1
20.6
18.2
21.1
24.8
21.8
18.3
21.4
23.0
21.5
21.1

8.3
6.6
4.8
9.2
6.0
5.1
6.6
7.5
4.0
6.9
5.9

20.2
22.6
21.4
23.5
21.8
26.6
24.6
23.5
23.2
25.4
22.2

18.9
21.9
16.5
16.6
21.0
16.7
23.1
20.6
23.6
15.8
27.1

.4
5.7
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.8
1.1
2.9
1.2
1.9
3.2

Alabam a......................................................
A lask a ....................................... .................
Arizona........................................................
Arkansas.....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut................................................
Delaware.....................................................
District of Columbia.................................
Florida.........................................................

1,256
190
1,302
840
9,815
1,526
1,455
247
97
4,032

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

95.7
98.8
94.8
91.8
95.9
95.4
98.4
97.3
97.2
96.4

71.0
61.0
72.4
67.7
72.9
71.0
80.2
79.2
64.6
74.6

5.1
7.3
7.5
4.6
4.6
6.6
4.0
6.4
1.0
7.3

21.8
4.5
12.7
19.6
18.8
12.1
26.7
20.9
4.7
11.3

12.1
1.4
9.8
10.7
12.8
8.2
18.8
6.0
.9
6.8

9.7
3.1
2.9
8.8
6.0
3.9
7.9
15.0
3.8
4.6

6.5
8.4
5.0
6.0
5.0
6.0
4.9
4.0
5.0
5.7

17.7
17.0
20.0
19.6
19.0
18.7
16.6
22.1
8.4
22.6

4.7
5.4
7.7
3.7
6.3
6.7
9.0
6.8
7.6
7.8

14.4
15.7
18.7
13.7
18.7
18.1
18.8
18.9
37.8
19.7

14.9
24.1
12.6
12.9
12.9
15.4
11.7
12.7
23.1
12.7

3.7
.5
3.6
7.0
3.0
3.7
1.0
1.7
.1
2.8

Georgia .......................................................
Hawaii ......................... ..................... ..........
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Io w a ......................v......................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
Maine ..........................................................

1,971
140
421
4,457
2,256
1,302
1,075
1,452
1,295
514

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

97.3
96.8
90.4
96.7
95.3
89.6
91.4
91.7
96.3
97.2

75.6
69.3
62.9
76.3
76.2
64.1
69.0
68.0
71.8
70.0

6.1
4.0
4.2
4.0
3.8
2.7
4.7
3.7
6.9
4.1

20.2
4.0
11.7
21.8
28.0
16.9
16.8
20.2
9.3
24.1

8.7
1.7
6.9
13.0
20.3
8.4
10.8
11.8
4.6
9.6

11.5
2.3
4.8
8.8
7.8
8.5
6.1
8.3
4.7
14.5

7.1
8.2
5.1
5.7
5.0
4.5
5.4
6.1
6.1
3.8

20.9
22.6
19.9
19.8
19.7
19.6
18.2
17.9
22.6
18.9

6.1
6.9
4.6
6.7
4.5
4.8
5.4
4.2
5.6
3.5

14.9
23.6
16.9
17.6
14.9
15.4
17.3
14.4
15.6
15.6

13.9
17.2
15.5
13.1
12.0
16.7
14.8
14.9
15.7
16.3

2.3
2.3
8.2
2.5
3.5
9.5
7.6
7.1
3.3
1.8

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts...........................................
Michigan .....................................................
M innesota...................................................
Mississippi..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
N ebraska....................................................
Nevada ........................................................
New Hampshire.........................................

1,650
2,775
3,470
2,030
704
2,020
360
739
408
495

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

97.4
98.4
96.2
92.7
96.2
93.7
89.2
86.9
97.2
97.7

69.3
79.2
77.3
70.0
69.9
71.4
60.9
62.3
76.5
77.7

5.5
4.2
3.4
3.7
5.5
4.4
3.9
4.1
6.4
4.6

10.8
25.2
27.3
17.1
20.1
19.5
6.7
11.8
4.9
29.1

6.6
16.6
20.5
10.4
10.2
11.8
3.8
6.2
3.0
20.3

4.2
8.7
6.8
6.8
9.9
7.6
2.8
5.6
1.9
8.8

4.9
4.7
4.2
5.5
5.5
6.5
6.2
7.1
6.3
3.7

19.4
17.6
20.1
20.5
17.6
18.2
20.4
19.6
17.4
17.9

6.2
6.2
4.4
4.9
4.9
5.6
3.9
4.9
5.2
5.2

22.5
21.4
17.6
18.0
13.5
16.9
15.8
14.7
33.6
18.9

21.4
12.9
12.1
14.4
14.7
13.5
15.4
15.6
13.4
11.4

1.9
.9
2.5
6.0
3.3
5.3
9.9
11.9
2.1
1.3

New Jersey ................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk ...................................................
North Carolina............................................
North D akota..............................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Rhode Island..............................................

3,150
516
6,362
2,283
302
4,207
1,275
1,151
4,634
446

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

98.7
94.0
97.8
96.1
80.2
96.7
94.5
92.5
97.4
98.4

79.4
60.3
74.3
74.7
54.9
78.9
70.0
65.3
79.1
79.0

4.2
5.6
3.8
5.2
3.4
3.4
4.4
2.6
4.3
3.2

22.0
7.1
18.3
29.7
4.9
26.4
12.1
17.9
24.4
30.0

10.4
3.8
10.9
11.9
1.4
18.0
7.8
12.9
14.4
21.0

11.6
3.3
7.5
17.7
3.5
8.4
4.2
4.9
10.0
9.0

6.8
5.1
5.8
5.0
5.2
4.8
5.2
4.9
5.0
2.5

19.3
17.6
18.1
17.7
19.7
21.0
19.2
18.5
19.3
18.5

7.4
4.8
8.0
4.1
3.7
5.1
4.9
5.3
5.5
4.9

19.4
16.7
20.0
12.9
15.0
17.4
17.6
15.9
19.6
19.8

14.0
22.7
17.1
13.3
16.3
12.0
14.3
16.2
11.3
13.4

.9
4.8
1.5
2.8
18.6
2.4
5.1
6.1
1.8
.8

White

See footnotes at end of table.

67

'

Table 17. States: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed1

Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and State

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2
Total3

Con­
struction

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Trans­
porta­
tion,
com­
munica­
tions,
and pub­
lic
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insur­
ance,
and real
estate

Ser­
vices4

Govern­
ment

Agricul­
ture

White—Continued

South Carolina..........................................
South D a ko ta............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
Verm ont......................................................
Virginia........................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia..............................................
W isconsin...................................................
W yoming.....................................................

953
323
1,782
6,528
650
253
2,257
1,718
631
2,145
233

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

97.7
85.5
95.2
95.0
96.3
94.3
96.8
93.7
95.9
95.3
93.8

74.5
56.9
72.4
72.4
69.7
71.3
69.7
66.1
69.6
74.6
61.0

8.4
3.1
4.9
7.8
6.3
5.6
5.6
4.5
3.6
3.9
7.6

22.1
10.0
26.7
13.8
13.8
19.3
15.8
15.7
15.1
24.7
3.8

8.0
6.0
12.5
8.2
9.3
13.5
7.4
10.9
7.9
14.8
1.5

14.1
4.0
14.1
5.7
4.5
5.8
8.4
4.7
7.3
9.8
2.3

4.2
3.7
4.7
5.5
5.1
3.2
5.6
4.4
6.0
5.5
6.1

20.0
19.4
17.6
19.3
21.4
19.6
17.7
19.3
19.0
19.4
16.9

5.6
4.9
4.3
6.5
4.7
3.9
5.8
5.5
3.1
4.3
3.7

14.0
14.5
13.9
16.1
16.8
19.3
19.0
16.4
14.5
16.8
14.8

14.2
18.0
13.5
13.1
18.1
13.9
20.0
17.6
18.6
13.5
22.1

1.6
13.3
4.0
4.0
2.7
4.1
2.4
5.0
2.3
3.6
5.4

Alabama......................................................
Arkansas.....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut................................................
Delaw are.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

334
99
767
57
122
39
188
695

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

91.0
84.5
97.6
100.0
96.2
95.0
97.0
85.5

67.2
63.9
66.0
75.7
79.4
73.2
52.2
60.3

2.6
3.5
2.0
3.8
3.2
3.4
3.3
4.6

28.8
24.5
14.9
14.8
29.0
27.5
2.8
10.1

13.1
10.1
10.8
8.5
23.5
7.6
.4
4.9

15.7
14.4
4.1
6.3
5.5
19.9
2.4
5.2

3.1
3.0
8.0
10.5
7.0
5.9
5.7
4.3

16.5
12.2
13.7
16.9
13.7
13.4
11.4
17.6

2.6
3.6
6.2
8.8
8.3
3.9
4.9
4.5

13.2
17.0
21.0
19.5
18.2
19.0
24.2
18.9

20.3
18.2
27.8
20.4
15.4
20.6
39.9
21.9

2.5
8.4
.6
(6)
(5)
1.5
.3
9.4

G eorgia.......................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana........................................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................

605
536
129
47
101
431

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

92.8
97.9
99.6
98.1
92.0
92.5

73.2
74.8
75.4
70.5
74.5
61.5

5.0
1.8
2.2
2.0
.9
6.5

25.9
22.4
30.2
21.1
25.5
12.9

8.5
14.4
26.5
13.1
15.3
5.6

17.4
8.0
3.6
8.0
10.3
7.3

6.1
9.2
5.3
5.4
5.6
4.7

18.1
13.3
15.3
16.4
12.5
16.5

2.7
4.9
3.2
2.8
5.0
2.2

15.5
22.9
18.9
22.8
22.6
16.8

16.5
19.5
21.4
25.2
17.0
27.1

1.8
.2
<
6)
.2
1.2
2.7

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts..........................................
Michigan .....................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
Nevada ........................................................

422
102
359
253
167
31

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.9
99.2
98.2
87.9
95.0
97.2

57.2
79.4
72.5
60.5
68.2
76.4

2.6
1.2
.9
3.6
1.7
1.3

9.7
23.4
32.1
28.5
14.0
2.4

6.2
18.4
27.3
15.7
9.8

.8

3.5
5.0
4.8
12.8
4.2
1.7

5.8
8.6
5.5
4.1
7.0
2.0

13.2
10.3
12.3
11.4
18.3
10.5

3.4
5.0
2.8
1.6
4.6
4.2

22.3
30.8
19.0
10.6
22.6
56.0

37.3
17.4
22.3
23.5
21.9
20.6

.5
(5)
.1
4.5
1.8
2.4

New Jersey ................................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina...........................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
Pennsylvania.............................................

366
922
517
386
88
308

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

96.4
97.1
91.6
97.5
95.7
98.1

69.1
70.1
70.4
71.6
61.6
73.0

2.7
3.0
2.2
1.9
2.9
3.7

23.6
13.1
38.1
25.0
15.2
18.4

12.9
6.0
15.2
18.4
12.5
10.9

10.7
7.0
22.9
6.6
2.7
7.5

9.1
6.8
4.6
5.2
5.9
4.6

11.3
10.9
12.8
14.4
16.5
15.3

3.2
10.3
2.0
5.4
1.8
5.6

19.2
26.0
10.8
19.7
17.9
24.9

24.0
24.0
19.4
23.5
29.0
21.2

.3
(5)
5.6
.1
1.1
<)
5

South C arolina..........................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
Virginia........................................................

412
241
730
399

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

93.1
92.7
94.9
93.9

68.5
65.4
75.1
65.5

4.5
3.0
5.1
3.5

24.5
19.7
16.5
25.4

9.4
7.4
8.2
11.6

15.1
12.2
8.3
13.8

3.7
5.1
6.7
4.6

17.0
17.1
19.7
13.6

3.0
.9
4.3
2.8

15.8
19.5
21.2
15.4

21.8
22.6
16.5
22.8

3.0
2.3
1.3
1.7

Arizona........................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Florida.........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Michigan .....................................................

180
1,810
127
468
223
49

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

86.8
89.5
92.7
97.1
97.4
92.0

67.9
74.2
67.8
81.6
87.4
81.5

7.4
4.0
6.4
4.4
2.6
.8

17.8
27.8
16.1
16.8
37.8
40.5

11.5
17.5
7.5
7.0
25.5
30.9

6.3
10.3
8.6
9.8
12.3
9.6

2.2
4.6
5.6
7.0
3.3
5.1

19.7
18.2
17.4
26.2
21.5
14.5

5.2
3.9
5.2
8.9
5.1
6.2

12.9
15.6
15.3
18.1
16.9
14.4

12.8
10.0
20.0
7.2
5.9
7.8

11.6
8.2
5.3
1.5
2.1
5.7

New J e rs e y ................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
Texas ..........................................................

221
170
544
1,268

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

99.1
93.3
98.6
92.8

87.0
61.4
81.9
71.7

1.5
8.1
2.5
10.6

39.0
11.1
24.6
17.3

17.3
5.6
10.2
8.2

21.7
5.5
14.5
9.1

7.4
3.2
3.8
4.6

17.8
18.4
19.7
19.7

4.9
4.4
9.6
3.5

16.4
14.2
21.6
14.3

7.1
24.0
13.7
15.7

.4
4.3
.1
4.7

Black

Hispanic origin

1 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers, and
mining.
2 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
3 Includes mining.
4 Excludes private household workers.
s Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed

68

NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­
ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

Table 18. 8tatas: Civilians at work by sax, ago, raca, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers In thousands)
Average hours

Houra of work
Population group and State

Total at
work

1-14
hours

15-29
houra

30-34
hours

36 hours
and over

35-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

86

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules'

TOTAL

A labam a................................................
Alaska.... ...............................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

1,504
205
1,204
896
10,944
1,543
1,498
275
276
4,523

72
10
63
57
501
79
70
15
10
195

179
22
157
115
1,317
172
190
38
32
516

132
17
101
72
824
119
91
19
25
297

1,120
157
973
654
8,303
1,173
1,147
204
209
3,515

16
65
52
546
76
156
21
19
292

648
77
549
338
5,060
622
593
114
130
1,977

139
19
132
98
966
173
161
27
19
463

247
45
228
166
1,731
302
236
42
41
783

38.7
40.5
38.9
38.8
38.6
39.5
38.3
37.8
38.5
39.3

44.4
46.2
44.5
45.4
44.0
45.2
43.6
43.8
43.4
44.3

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana ...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

2,468
418
407
4,799
2,272
1,253
1,074
1,470
1,661
491

96
20
31
249
124
94
62
87
81
29

248
51
56
590
278
166
135
190
204
67

169
46
36
326
157
86
71
108
118
42

1,956
302
285
3,634
1,714
906
805
1,084
1,258
352

167
22
19
313
138
78
57
124
109
34

1,103
193
143
2,138
926
415
408
562
714
179

266
31
40
464
264
139
111
155
154
58

420
55
83
719
386
274
229
243
281
81

39.6
37.8
38.7
38.3
38.7
39.0
39.5
38.3
39.1
37.9

44.2
43.5
46.5
43.8
44.5
46.3
45.9
44.5
44.7
44.4

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .................................................
M o ntana................................................
Nebraska...............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

2,004
2,742
3,646
1,978
698
2,094
353
728
432
472

94
140
253
142
47
94
25
51
16
25

243
357
485
298
102
248
49
97
45
57

147
231
283
157
59
155
24
53
37
42

1,520
2,015
2,626
1,381
689
1,596
255
527
334
349

147
229
211
117
57
133
17
40
19
30

879
1,157
1,347
691
389
886
122
243
221
175

178
248
429
223
85
198
36
78
38
58

315
380
638
350
158
380
80
166
56
85

38.5
37.8
38.1
37.8
39.3
39.5
39.6
39.5
38.7
38.7

43.9
43.5
45.0
45.3
44.9
45.0
47.1
46.9
43.3
44.6

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico.........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina .....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

3,374
551
7,099
2,712
293
4,358
1,370
1,151
4,721
427

150
32
309
123
22
243
72
81
263
21

396
70
876
321
39
540
145
149
588
68

211
45
478
213
21
310
99
97
335
51

2,618
404
5,435
2,056
211
3,266
1,053
824
3,535
287

387
28
1,005
180
14
245
66
62
375
40

1,431
230
2,963
1,108
91
1,778
565
437
2,064
153

301
46
567
322
27
510
145
120
449
41

499
100
899
445
80
733
278
205
647
52

38.4
38.8
37.8
38.9
40.7
38.7
39.9
38.2
37.9
36.6

43.4
45.3
42.7
44.4
48.7
44.5
45.5
45.1
43.6
43.1

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

1,319
316
1,913
7,017
646
242
2,559
1,763
612
2,104
224

50
21
95
302
44
16
126
94
31
155
15

150
44
204
710
92
31
284
218
72
323
28

97
24
138
451
50
20
205
161
55
154
16

1,023
226
1,475
5,553
460
176
1,944
1,290
454
1,471
165

100
18
142
372
29
18
154
92
42
136
12

611
95
811
2,896
242
83
1,068
719
266
738
84

128
34
200
778
63
29
277
179
56
245
22

184
79
321
1,507
126
46
446
300
90
353
47

38.7
40.4
39.4
40.6
38.3
38.6
39.1
38.7
38.3
37.6
39.6

43.5
48.3
44.8
45.7
45.5
45.3
44.6
44.8
43.9
45.1
46.5

A labam a................................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas ................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

866
114
737
512
6,189
855
840
149
139
2,537

25
3
24
25
194
25
24
5
4
83

76
8
65
39
505
58
59
12
13
203

58
6
48
30
379
48
35
8
10
132

708
97
601
417
5,111
724
721
123
111
2,119

27
6
27
19
235
30
59
6
8
99

390
43
319
193
2,912
352
359
66
66
1,097

89
12
84
69
639
109
110
19
11
307

202
36
170
136
1,326
232
193
34
27
616

41.6
44.5
41.3
42.3
41.1
42.8
41.6
41.2
40.2
41.9

45.8
48.4
45.6
47.2
45.1
46.5
44.9
45.3
44.4
45.9

Georgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

1,383
225
233
2,739
1,285
704
605
852
959
269

35
8
12
105
49
35
23
39
35
10

95
19
21
199
98
61
49
80
84
20

70
22
15
143
65
35
25
52
56
17

1,184
177
185
2,292
1,074
572
509
682
784
222

55
9
7
112
44
30
19
44
34
12

615
109
84
1,271
547
231
235
332
406
105

172
18
27
328
174
92
70
103
111
40

341
41
66
582
310
219
185
203
232
64

42.3
40.0
42.6
41.2
41.8
43.0
43.3
41.1
42.0
41.6

45.7
44.6
48.4
45.1
45.9
48.2
47.7
46.1
46.6
45.8

Men

See footnotes at end of table.

69

Table 18. States: Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1984 annual averages— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State

Total at
work

1-14
hours

15-29
hours

30-34
hours

35 hours
and over

Average hours

35-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules1

Men—Continued

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
Michigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri.................................................
Montana ................................................
N ebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

1,111
1,525
2,065
1,099
511
1,187
205
410
247
255

38
52
88
53
20
42
8
18
7
8

87
117
171
103
44
97
17
34
20
16

63
99
114
60
26
68
12
21
17
13

922
1,257
1,692
882
420
981
168
337
204
218

54
78
78
50
18
57
7
15
9
9

510
694
794
400
214
495
70
135
128
105

117
175
298
151
58
138
25
50
24
39

242
310
521
281
130
291
66
137
43
65

41.2
40.9
41.8
41.7
42.2
42.1
44.0
44.2
40.5
42.4

45.2
44.9
46.4
46.9
46.8
46.4
49.1
49.3
44.3
45.8

New Jerse y..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York .............................................
North Carolina .....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

1,888
322
4,049
1,500
172
2,485
757
655
2,740
239

51
13
120
53
8
89
31
35
96
8

128
30
298
130
13
201
54
55
202
24

92
24
232
94
8
116
40
44
144
24

1,617
255
3,399
1,223
142
2,080
633
521
2,297
183

130
12
379
55
5
87
24
24
134
13

869
134
1,881
620
52
1,038
298
260
1,304
97

206
31
404
195
19
361
96
81
317
30

412
79
734
353
67
594
215
156
543
43

41.7
41.5
40.6
41.5
45.9
41.9
43.1
41.0
41.1
39.6

45.0
46.6
44.1
45.9
51.3
45.9
47.4
46.2
44.8
44.5

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ............................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin.............................................
Wyoming................................................

746
175
1,054
4,086
379
138
1,430
1,015
362
1,180
131

23
7
40
114
15
5
42
34
12
62
5

62
13
81
299
34
11
106
86
27
113
10

43
9
59
204
22
9
92
67
27
57
6

617
146
874
3,468
309
114
1,189
827
296
948
109

28
6
51
139
10
7
55
37
17
49
5

356
53
450
1,648
148
52
611
441
167
447
52

81
22
126
499
44
19
174
120
42
166
16

153
64
246
1,182
106
36
349
230
70
286
37

40.9
45.7
41.9
43.4
42.3
42.2
42.1
41.4
40.9
41.4
43.7

44.8
50.8
46.1
47.2
47.0
46.6
46.0
45.8
44.8
46.6
48.2

A labam a................................................
A laska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California ..............................................
Colorado...............................................
Connecticut..........................................
Delaware ...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

638
91
557
386
4,755
688
658
126
137
1,986

48
6
39
32
307
53
46
10
5
112

103
14
92
76
812
114
131
26
19
313

75
10
53
42
445
71
56
11
15
165

412
60
373
236
3,192
450
425
80
98
1,396

59
9
38
33
311
46
98
15
11
192

258
34
230
145
2,149
269
234
48
64
880

50
7
48
29
327
64
51
8
9
157

45
9
57
30
405
70
43
8
14
167

34.8
35.4
35.7
34.0
35.4
35.4
34.1
33.8
36.8
35.9

42.0
42.7
42.8
42.2
42.3
43.0
41.2
41.4
42.2
42.0

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

1,085
193
174
2,059
987
549
468
618
701
222

61
12
19
144
75
59
40
49
45
20

153
33
35
390
180
105
86
111
120
47

99
23
21
183
92
51
46
56
62
25

772
125
100
1,342
640
334
297
402
474
130

111
13
12
201
93
48
38
80
75
22

487
84
59
868
379
183
174
230
308
73

94
13
13
136
90
47
41
52
42
18

79
14
17
137
77
55
44
39
49
17

36.2
35.1
33.5
34.5
34.7
34.0
34.7
34.4
35.1
33.4

42.0
42.1
43.1
41.7
42.2
43.1
42.8
41.6
41.7
42.1

M aryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri .................................................
M o n tan a................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

893
1,217
1,582
879
387
906
148
318
185
218

56
87
165
89
27
52
17
34
8
17

156
240
313
195
57
152
31
63
26
41

84
132
170
97
33
87
13
32
20
29

597
757
934
499
269
616
87
189
131
131

93
151
133
67
39
76
11
25
10
21

370
464
553
291
175
390
52
108
94
70

61
73
131
72
27
60
11
27
14
19

74
70
117
69
28
89
14
28
13
20

35.2
33.8
33.4
33.0
35.5
36.1
33.5
33.4
36.2
34.4

42.0
41.2
42.5
42.5
41.9
42.8
43.2
42.7
41.8
42.6

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico..........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
O h io .......................................................
Oklahom a..............................................
Oregon ...................................................

1,487
228
3,050
1,212
122
1,873
613
496

99
19
189
70
14
154
41
47

268
39
579
191
26
339
91
94

119
21
246
119
13
194
60
53

1,001
149
2,036
833
69
1,187
421
303

257
16
626
126
10
158
42
37

562
96
1,082
488
39
741
267
177

96
15
162
128
8
149
49
39

86
22
165
92
13
139
62
50

34.3
35.1
34.1
35.8
33.3
34.4
36.0
34.3

40.8
42.9
40.5
42.2
43.3
42.1
42.7
43.1

Women

See footnotes at end of table.

70

Table 18. States: Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Average hours

Hours of work
Population group and State

Total at
work

1-14
hours

15-29
hours

30-34
hours

35 hours
and over

35-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules1

Women—Continued

Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

1,980
189

167
13

385
44

190
27

1,238
104

241
27

760
57

132
11

104
10

33.7
32.7

41.4
40.7

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
U ta h .......................................................
Verm ont................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

573
141
858
2,931
267
104
1,130
748
250
924
94

27
14
55
188
30
10
84
60
20
93
10

88
31
123
411
58
20
178
132
45
210
19

53
16
80
247
28
11
112
94
28
97
9

405
80
601
2,085
151
62
755
462
158
523
56

72
11
91
233
19
11
99
55
25
87
7

255
42
361
1,248
94
31
457
278
99
291
32

47
12
73
279
19
9
103
60
14
78
7

31
14
76
324
19
10
97
70
20
67
10

35.8
33.8
36.2
36.7
32.7
33.9
35.3
34.9
34.7
32.9
34.0

41.4
44.0
42.5
43.1
42.5
42.9
42.3
43.1
42.2
42.4
43.3

A labam a................................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
Delaware ...............................................
Florida....................................................

90
10
79
59
642
87
96
18
275

18
2
10
12
117
20
19
5
32

30
3
27
17
236
30
41
7
101

11
1
10
8
69
10
6
2
25

32
4
32
23
220
28
29
5
117

3
1
6
2
31
6
6
19

26
2
21
13
141
15
18
3
71

2
1
2
4
24
4
3
1
15

2
1
4
4
23
3
2
1
12

26.4
28.9
28.7
28.3
26.4
25.3
24.7
23.0
29.2

40.4
41.7
40.6
43.5
41.8
41.1
40.3
39.8
41.7

Georgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

155
22
33
291
167
88
70
86
101
37

21
5
8
64
40
27
14
25
23
9

50
9
11
117
59
28
24
29
33
12

17
1
3
24
16
6
6
9
10
3

67
7
11
86
52
26
26
23
35
12

12
1
1
15
11
5
4
4
5
2

38
5
5
48
25
11
13
12
23
7

8
1
2
13
8
3
3
3
3
2

8

2
11
8
6
5
3
4
2

28.9
23.7
25.7
24.9
25.0
23.9
26.9
23.7
25.8
24.8

41.5
38.2
43.2
42.4
41.7
43.5
43.1
41.8
41.5
41.1

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri.................................................
Montana ................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

128
210
281
164
39
128
19
49
23
39

29
48
77
46
9
18
4
11
3
7

43
74
109
64
10
48
7
18
8
15

10
18
21
14
3
12
2
5
3
3

46
70
73
40
17
50
7
15
10
15

8
10
10
8
2
8
1
3
2
1

29
49
35
18
10
28
3
7
5
9

3
5
16
5
3
7
1
2
1
3

6
6
12
9
3
6
2
3
2
1

25.6
25.2
23.7
23.6
27.3
27.8
25.9
25.0
29.3
26.7

41.7
40.9
43.2
44.5
42.0
42.1
42.3
42.4
42.1
41.0

New Jerse y..........................................
New M exico..........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina .....................................
North Dakota .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

208
38
392
171
21
279
79
71
307
30

42
9
93
35
6
62
16
21
75
8

82
14
145
63
6
96
23
20
104
10

13
4
34
17
2
25
10
7
28
4

72
12
121
57
7
96
31
22
101
8

19
2
32
8
1
20
6
3
20
1

45
6
72
33
3
54
16
14
60
6

6
1
9
10
1
10
6
3
11
1

2
3
8
5
2
13
3
3
11
1

25.1
25.7
24.6
25.8
26.3
26.0
27.2
24.8
25.1
23.6

39.6
44.4
40.5
42.0
46.4
41.7
41.4
42.6
41.5
39.7

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

75
23
103
412
54
17
134
106
31
172
14

14
5
18
59
11
4
28
26
7
46
3

22
8
32
130
20
5
43
38
11
63
4

8
2
11
47
5
1
13
13
4
15
1

32
8
41
176
18
6
50
29
10
48
5

5
1
6
25
3
1
9
4
2
11
1

22
3
22
96
9
3
28
19
6
26
3

4
1
5
25
3

2
3
7
32
3
1
6
3
1
6
1

27.6
27.6
28.4
29.9
26.2
25.2
26.6
24.6
25.3
23.8
25.7

40.6
46.4
42.9
43.8
42.4
41.8
41.5
42.1
40.7
41.3
39.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

See footnotes at end of table.

71

ft

ft

7
3
1
4
1

ft

Tabl* 16. 8tataa: Civilians at work by aax, ago. raoa, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1064 annual avsragsa—Contlnusd
(Numbers In thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State

Total at
work

1-14
hours

15-29
hours

30-34
hours

35 hours
and ovar

Average hours

36-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules1

White

A lab a m a...............................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

1,163
176
1,236
794
9,299
1,460
1,366
236
93
3,823

53
7
62
46
443
76
66
14
3
164

129
17
152
99
1,123
161
174
33
7
422

97
14
96
62
717
112
85
15
7
235

905
137
928
664
7,015
1,111
1,041
175
75
3,002

62
13
81
45
473
72
142
17
7
232

493
66
519
294
4,153
678
521
94
32
1,640

123
16
126
88
855
166
157
24
10
412

227
40
222
157
1,534
294
222
40
26
718

39.7
41.0
38.9
39.2
38.7
39.8
38.3
38.1
41.9
39.7

45.2
46.4
44.6
45.7
44.2
45.3
43.7
44.3
46.4
44.7

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

1,879
130
396
4,200
2,138
1,237
1,016
1,371
1,235
487

69
5
30
229
119
92
59
80
56
29

177
18
55
527
259
164
126
179
139
66

117
13
35
283
147
85
66
101
81
42

1,517
94
278
3,160
1,613
896
766
1,010
959
350

121
7
19
274
128
76
54
113
75
33

802
54
139
1,797
857
409
380
513
515
178

224
12
40
425
254
138
107
149
123
58

370
22
81
665
373
273
225
235
246
80

40.5
38.4
38.8
38.3
38.8
39.1
39.8
38.5
40.1
37.9

44.8
44.2
46.6
44.1
44.6
46.4
46.1
44.7
45.5
44.5

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi.............................................
M issouri.................................................
M o ntana................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

1,559
2,619
3,275
1,923
664
1,915
339
705
366
469

82
137
226
136
28
88
25
50
14
25

200
345
433
293
68
228
47
93
41
57

117
222
251
153
39
137
23
51
34
42

1,160
1,915
2,365
1,341
528
1,463
244
511
296
346

116
217
192
113
40
122
17
38
18
30

627
1,085
1,172
664
260
781
115
232
190
174

152
241
401
221
70
193
35
78
36
58

265
372
600
343
138
367
78
164
52
84

38.4
37.8
38.3
37.9
40.7
39.8
39.6
39.7
38.8
38.7

44.4
43.6
45.2
45.4
45.7
45.3
47.2
47.1
43.6
44.7

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York .............................................
North Carolina.....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
O h io .......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

2,964
488
6,022
2,169
286
3,976
1,217
1,094
4,385
411

138
29
282
94
22
231
63
77
253
20

357
62
765
249
38
498
125
142
554
66

186
39
423
165
20
285
85
94
310
49

2,285
359
4,551
1,882
206
2,962
945
781
3,268
276

340
25
782
144
14
222
58
57
340
38

1,218
198
2,444
867
87
1,563
488
409
1,895
147

271
43
509
273
26
482
134
116
420
40

456
93
816
398
79
694
265
199
612
51

38.5
39.0
37.8
39.5
40.9
38.7
40.4
38.3
37.9
36.6

43.5
45.5
43.1
44.6
48.9
44.7
45.9
45.2
43.7
43.2

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington ..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

920
309
1,676
6,195
623
240
2,141
1,629
591
2,035
220

32
21
82
260
44
16
104
90
30
151
14

96
43
172
615
88
31
230
200
69
312
28

65
24
125
391
48
20
189
148
53
148
16

728
221
1,297
4,929
443
174
1,638
1,190
440
1,423
162

66
17
121
315
28
18
130
85
41
129
12

399
92
690
2,498
232
82
866
654
256
710
83

104
34
183
707
61
28
250
170
55
238
22

159
78
304
1,408
123
46
393
281
88
346
46

39.7
40.6
39.8
41.0
38.3
38.7
39.4
38.7
38.4
37.7
39.8

44.3
48.5
45.0
46.0
45.6
45.5
44.8
44.9
44.0
45.2
46.7

A lab a m a................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

318
91
732
56
115
36
177
651

20
8
23
2
3
1
6
31

51
14
93
6
14
4
24
88

34
9
58
5
6
3
18
57

213
60
559
43
92
27
129
475

24
6
30
2
12
3
12
57

153
38
406
32
64
19
95
313

16
9
45
4
4
3
8
48

20
7
76
5
11
2
14
57

35.0
35.1
37.9
37.8
38.2
36.3
36.9
36.9

41.3
42.9
42.7
42.2
42.1
40.9
41.6
42.3

G eorgia..................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana...............................................

571
502
119
44
96
407

25
17
4
2
7
24

69
54
17
7
11
62

50
39
8
5
6
36

427
393
90
31
72
285

46
33
9
3
11
34

294
287
62
23
48
193

41
32
9
3
7
26

46
40
10
3
7
30

36.9
37.8
37.7
35.8
35.6
35.8

41.8
42.0
42.6
41.1
41.2
41.9

M aryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Mississippi.............................................

396
96
332
233

10
2
24
19

36
10
47
34

28
7
28
20

321
77
234
160

28
10
17
18

229
57
158
108

22
5
25
15

42
5
34
20

38.8
37.2
36.4
35.5

42.4
40.6
42.9
42.3

Black

See footnotes at end of table.

72

Table 18. States: Civilians at work by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and hours of work, 1984 annual averages—-Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Average hours

Hours of work
Population group and State

Total at
work

1-14
hours

15-29
hours

30-34
hours

35 hours
and over

35-39
hours

40
hours

41-48
hours

49 hours
and over

Total

Full-time
sched­
ules'

Black—Continued

Missouri.................................................
Nevada ..................................................

161
28

5
1

18
2

16
2

121
23

10
1

97
19

4
1

10
2

36.8
37.4

41.1
41.2

New Jersey..........................................
New York .............................................
North C arolina.....................................
Ohio .......................................................
O klahom a..............................................
Pennsylvania........................................

340
862
497
356
83
293

12
21
28
10
5
9

35
87
69
39
10
30

22
43
45
24
8
23

270
711
356
285
61
230

38
188
36
21
5
29

182
430
231
206
42
149

24
42
46
26
8
23

26
51
42
32
7
28

37.6
37.4
36.5
38.2
36.7
38.0

41.5
40.5
42.4
42.2
41.9
42.2

South Carolina.....................................
Tennessee ............................................
Texas .....................................................
Virginia...................................................

389
227
697
376

18
13
36
21

52
30
82
49

31
13
52
33

288
170
526
274

32
21
50
24

210
117
343
179

22
16
59
25

24
16
74
47

36.4
36.4
37.7
37.4

41.5
41.6
43.0
43.3

Arizona...................................................
California ...............................................
Colorado................................................
Florida....................................................
Illinois.....................................................

173
1,738
122
444
212

6
70
7
11
6

22
196
13
50
22

17
126
12
25
11

128
1,346
90
358
172

11
92
7
24
14

78
950
60
244
122

14
134
9
30
14

25
170
13
61
22

38.4
37.9
37.3
39.0
38.4

43.7
42.5
42.6
43.0
42.1

New Jerse y ..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York ..............................................
Texas .....................................................

208
161
516
1,209

6
8
10
61

24
24
53
127

13
12
30
92

166
117
423
929

22
8
105
73

108
80
256
596

15
11
31
122

21
18
31
138

38.1
37.2
37.6
38.2

42.0
43.1
40.7
43.2

Hispanic origin

1 Refers to persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week.
2 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that

area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­
ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

73

Table 19. States: Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1984
annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total

Slack
Job
work or started or
material
termina­
shortages
ted

Holiday

Usually work part time

Bad
weather

Own
illness

On vaca­
tion

Other1

Total

Slack
work or
only find
part-time

Does not Full-time
want full- work less
than 35
time
work8
hours

Other

TOTAL

A laba m a................................................
A laska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
Delaware ..............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

133
17
96
75
737
119
92
20
30
296

39
3
24
12
160
21
10
4
3
70

7
1
4
4
33
9
2
1
1
19

12
3
8
5
90
14
19
1
9
20

12
(4)
3
8
25
5
8
1
1
16

21
4
21
15
175
21
19
4
6
69

20
3
16
10
114
27
15
5
4
40

21
4
21
22
139
23
19
5
6
63

251
31
223
168
1,904
250
259
52
36
712

73
10
52
43
439
49
38
13
12
148

135
15
151
100
1,203
181
208
33
18
436

37
4
10
15
199
10
7
3
3
102

6
2
9
10
62
10
7
3
4
26

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois..................................... ...............
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana..............................................
M a in e .....................................................

170
42
38
293
146
76
70
110
126
36

39
7
8
61
37
14
9
20
25
8

7
1
1
9
8
3
2
4
11
1

10
16
3
33
9
4
4
2
7
8

15
(4)
3
12
7
8
5
18
23
6

37
7
8
60
30
13
14
22
24
6

21
5
6
46
21
18
17
21
15
4

40
4
9
72
35
18
18
24
22
6

342
75
84
871
412
271
199
275
277
101

85
21
24
201
108
58
34
70
81
24

199
40
52
564
245
175
149
139
148
73

45
12
3
78
45
24
8
41
36
1

14
3
5
28
14
13
8
25
13
3

Maryland...............................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri.................................................
M o n tan a...............................................
Nebraska..............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

149
224
273
142
75
156
28
48
34
39

13
23
55
24
27
27
7
10
7
4

4
4
10
5
3
7
2
2
2
2

34
84
11
7
3
15
3
3
4
8

7
14
10
7
9
17
1
4
1
4

29
41
59
31
10
30
4
6
7
8

34
26
64
37
6
30
6
12
7
6

28
30
64
31
17
31
6
11
7
7

335
504
748
454
134
342
70
153
64
85

64
78
209
90
47
79
18
33
19
12

238
398
463
324
67
220
45
109
34
69

24
11
41
23
9
31
2
4
8
2

9
17
34
17
11
11
4
7
3
2

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York .............................................
North C arolina.............................. .......
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
Oklahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

237
46
495
254
22
281
92
100
331
52

28
8
62
64
4
52
18
20
62
4

9
1
15
8
1
9
4
6
8
1

52
6
141
7
2
21
6
6
44
28

15
2
16
39
2
20
9
3
21
2

53
8
93
45
2
72
17
23
61
6

41
8
70
37
4
51
11
17
70
5

39
12
99
53
7
57
26
24
65
6

519
100
1,168
403
61
811
225
228
855
88

76
26
227
90
15
202
57
67
236
19

372
62
789
229
42
486
147
144
542
67

48
8
103
60
1
86
13
7
58
1

24
4
50
24
2
38
8
9
19
2

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

105
23
151
481
49
21
232
157
58
128
18

29
4
38
92
7
3
31
30
14
27
4

5
1
6
30
3
1
7
5
2
' 4
1

4
3
7
23
3
2
43
25
6
4
2

12
2
22
31
1
3
16
6
9
5
1

19
3
24
103
11
4
45
33
9
27
2

14
5
18
76
13
5
48
29
9
42
4

22
6
36
125
11
3
42
29
10
19
4

191
67
287
983
138
46
383
317
100
505
41

65
13
83
210
. 25
10
99
78
40
129
11

92
49
153
611
107
34
245
197
39
336
26

29
2
31
107
2
(4)
25
31
15
28
2

5
4
19
55
4
1
14
11
6
12
2

Alabama ................................................
A laska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut...........................................
Delaware ...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

75
8
56
40
423
60
(3)
10
13
164

25
2
17
6
111
13

6
1
3
3
17
4

7
1
4
2
47
6

12
(4)
3
8
24
5

6
2
10
8
83
10

9
1
9
4
68
12

(4)
(4)
11

1
4
8

1
1
16

2
2
33

2
2
20

8
1
10
10
74
9
ft
2
3
30

83
9
80
54
655
72
74
15
14
254

26
4
21
16
193
20
18
5
5
58

46
3
52
30
374
45
50
9
6
155

8
1
3
3
62
2
2
(4)
1
29

4
1
5
4
26
5
4
1
2
11

Georgia..................................................
H a w aii....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................

89
22
21
163
81

4

6
8
1
16
4

13
(4)
2
12
6
ft
ft
11

17
3
3
27
15
ft
ft
12

12
3
4
24
12
ft
ft
14

16
2
3
' 36
16
ft
ft
13

110
27
28
285
130
90
63
106

30
8
8
88
41
22
15
33

66
13
16
163
73
54
43
44

7
4
1
18
9
6
2
15

6
2
2
17
7
6
3
14

Men

ft
ft

64

ft

2
1
47
22
4
6
42
24

ft

(4)

ft

ft

ft

1
6
4

ft
10

ft

ft
ft
3

1

ft

ft

See footnotes at end of table.

74

ft

Table 19. States: Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1984
annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Usually work part time

Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total

Slack
Job
work or started or
termina­
material
ted
shortages

Holiday

Own
illness

Bad
weather

On vaca­
tion

Other1

Total

Slack
work or
only find
part-time

Does not Full-time
want full­ work less
than 35
time
hours
work*

Other

Men—Continued

Louisiana...............................................
M a in e .....................................................

eo
20

16
4

9
1

2
4

22
3

13
3

7
2

9
3

96
27

30
8

50
18

10
(4)

6
1

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
Michigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri.................................................
M ontana................................................
Nebraska...............................................
N e v a d a ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

76
118
148
82
42
86
17
27
20
16

6
14
30
16
16
16
4
6
5
1

2
3
7
3
2
5
1
1
2
1

17
43
5
2
2
6
1
2
2
3

6
7
9
7
8
15
1
3
1
2

14
22
23
17
4
14
2
3
3
3

20
16
39
23
3
15
4
7
4
3

11
13
35
14
7
14
3
6
4
3

113
150
226
135
48
121
20
45
24
21

27
29
81
36
20
33
6
10
9
4

75
111
118
89
20
71
11
30
10
16

7
2
11
3
2
10
(4)
1
3
(4)

5
8
15
7
7
6
2
4
1
1

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New Y o rk ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................
North D a ko ta.......................................
O h io .......................................................
Oklahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

124
29
264
134
12
150
52
51
178
27

17
6
37
32
3
31
13
12
37
2

6
1
10
6
1
6
2
3
5
(4)

27
5
75
3
1
8
4
3
21
15

10
2
11
30
1
15
9
3
16
2

25
5
47
20
1
32
8
12
31
3

24
5
40
20
2
33
6
8
39
2

16
6
44
22
4
25
10
9
31
3

146
38
386
144
17
256
72
83
265
29

28
12
99
36
5
80
21
35
77
7

99
20
218
81
11
141
46
41
160
21

10
2
39
14
1
19
2
2
17
(4)

9
3
30
13
1
16
3
5
11
1

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
Washington...........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

59
12
72
267
27
11
120
87
33

3

2
1
3
11
2
1
24
13
3
ft
1

11
2
13
30
1
1
13
6
6
ft
1

8
1
9
44
5
2
22
15
4
ft
1

8
3
11
41
9
3
24
18
4
2

11
3
15
61
5
1
18
16
5
ft
2

70
17
108
350
43
14
121
100
33
167
12

29
4
36
91
7
4
37
32
15
49
4

34
11
56
203
33
9
71
59
11
106
7

5

10

16
2
18
63
4
2
16
16
9
(3)
2

5
30
1
(4)
6
5
4
5
1

2
2
11
27
2
1
6
5
3
7
1

A labam a................................................
Alaska....................................................
Arizona...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are ...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

58
9
42
35
314
60
47
10
17
132

14
1
7
6
49
8
4
1
2
23

13
2
11
8
93
11
11
2
4
35

11
1
7
6
45
15
6
3
3
20

12
2
12
12
65
14
11
3
3
33

168
22
142
114
1,249
178
186
36
22
458

47
6
31
27
247
29
20
8
6
89

89
12
99
70
829
137
158
24
13
281

30
3
7
12
137
8
5
3
2
73

2
1
4
6
36
4
3
2
2
15

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana..............................................
M a in e .............. ......................................

81
20
17
130
65
O
37
(3)
46
18

17
3
3
19
13

20
4
5
34
15
ft
9
ft
11
2

9
2
2
22
8
ft
9
ft
7
2

24
2
5
36
20
ft
11
ft
13
3

232
48
57
586
282
181
135
169
181
73

54
12
16
114
67
36
19
37
51
16

133
27
36
401
171
121
106
96
98
55

38
7
2
61
36
18
6
25
26
1

8
1
2
11
7
5
5
11
7
2

Maryland........ .......................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan................................................
Minnesota..............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .................................................
Montana ................................................
N ebraska...............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

74
106
125
61
32
70
(3)

ft

15
20
36
15
6
16

14
12
25
14
3
15

17
17
29
18
9
17

0s
)

(3)

37
49
128
54
27
46
12
23
10
6

164
287
346
235
47
149
34
79
23
53

18
9
30
20
7
21
1
3
4
2

4
9
19
10
4
5
2
3
2
1

48
14
128
54

273
42
571
148

37
6
64
46

14
2
20
11

ft

(4)
2
16
2
1
2
3
1
(3)
1

ft

<
4)

Women

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico .........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................

ft

5

(3)

1
(4)
1
1
16
4
(4)
(4)
(4)
8
4

ft

3
4

3
3

113
17
232
120

12
2
25
32

ft

1

(4)
<
4)
<
4)
(4)
1
(4)
4
<
4)
(4)
1
2
(4)
1
<
4)
1
ft

2

ft

1
ft

2

4
4

1
2

3
1
3
2
1
1

1
6
1

1

17
41
6
5
1
8
ft
ft
2
5

4
1
5
3

26
2
66
4

(4)

7
9
25
8
11
11

15
23

5
8
2
17
4

(4)
<
4)

ft
8
4

6
1
4
3
44
8
10
1
5
12

ft
ft
(4)

4
4

3
2

3
4

222
354
522
320
86
221
49
108
39
64

29
3
47
25

17
3
30
17

22
6
55
31

373
63
782
259

(4)
1
2
ft
ft
(4)

ft
ft
2
5

(4)
5
9

See footnotes at end of table.

75

ft
ft

ft
ft

Table 19. States: Civilians at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1984
annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total

Slack
Job
work or started or
material
termina­
ted
shortages

Holiday

Usually work part time

Bad
weather

Own
illness

On vaca­
tion

Other1

P)

P)

ft

P)

Total

Slack
work or
only find
part-time

Does not Full-time
want full­ work less
than 35
time
work2
hours

Other

Women— Continued

North D a ko ta.......................................
Ohio .......................................................
Oklahom a.............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................
South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas .....................................................
Utah .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
W ashington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

ft

P)

132
39
48
152
25
47

P)

79
213

ft

10
112
69
25
ft
8

I3)

21
5
8
26
2

3
2
3
4

ft

14
0
20
29

ft

1
15
14
4

2

P)

4
14

ft

2

5
1
1

P)

9
1

P)

P)
1
3

<
4)
4

1

P)
1

(4)

32
16
15
34
4

10
122
36
32
159
12

32
344
101
103
382
46

1
67
10
5
41
<
4)

1
22
5
5
8
1

36
9
46
119
18
6
62
46
25
80
8

59
38
98
408
74
25
174
138
28
230
19

24
2
26
77
1
(4)
19
26
11
23
2

3
1
8
28
2
ft
8
6
3
5
1

1

2

16
3
15
9
105
26
14
4
36

15
3
21
19
116
22
17
4
51

184
24
216
145
1,646
237
242
45
588

35
7
49
32
364
44
31
9
97

116
13
148
90
1,055
174
198
31
388

28
3
10
14
173
8
7
3
80

4
1
9
9
55
10
6
2
23

28

8
64
32
18
17
22
17
6

242
23
82
784
387
266
185
257
191
99

43
7
23
160
102
57
29
64
44
24

162
11
51
531
231
172
141
131
115
72

30
4
3
67
40
24
8
38
25
1

7
1
4
26
14
13
7
23
7
3

2
24
11
5

P)

11

43
555
153
145
590
59
121
50
179
633
95
32
263
216
67
338
29

7
35

P)

2
22
18
5

P)

6

P)

15
59

P)

2
19
12
3

17
5
8
31
2

11

P)

P)

(4)

40
9
11
30
3

(4)

3
13

5
2
<
4>

5
1

2

P)

P)

P)

ft

P)
13
3
3
23
14

ft

20
63

P)
2
24
13
4

P)

White

A labam a...............................................
A laska...................................................
Arizona ...................................................
Arkansas................................................
California...............................................
Colorado................................................
Connecticut..........................................
D elaw are...............................................
Florida....................................................

95
15
94
65
637
112
83
16
233

27
2
22
10
141
19
9
3
47

G eorgia..................................................
H aw aii....................................................
Id ah o ......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Iowa .......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky...............................................
Louisiana..............................................
M a in e .....................................................

121
(3)
38
255
138
76
66
104
84
38

21
ft
8
51
35
14
9
19
14
7

Maryland................................................
Massachusetts.....................................
Michigan...............................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi.............................................
Missouri .................................................
Montana ................................................
Nebraska...............................................
Nevada ..................................................
New Hampshire...................................

123
216
242
139
48
141
27
47
30
38

New Jerse y ..........................................
New M exico..........................................
New York ..............................................
North Carolina.....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio .......................................................
Oklahom a..............................................
O regon...................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................
South Carolina.....................................
South Dakota.......................................
Tennessee ............................................
Texas .....................................................
U t a h .......................................................
Verm ont.................................................
Virginia...................................................
W ashington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin..............................................
Wyoming................................................

6
1
4
4
30
8
1
1
17

9
2
8
4
73
12
17
1
18

5

P)

7

9

14
3
20
13
148
19
17
3
50

(4)
3
7
24
5
7
1
13

28

12

P)

ft

P)

20

P)

ft

1
8
7
3
2
4
8
1

3
30
9
4
4
2
4
8

3
11
7
8
5
18
13
6

8
50
29
13
13
19
18
6

6
42
20
18
16
20
11
4

11
22
47
24
17
23
6
10
6
4

4
4
10
4
2
6
1
1
2
2

27
80
8
6
2
12
3
3
3
8

6
13
9
7
4
17
1
4
1
4

23
40
51
31
7
26
4
6
6
8

30
28
60
36
6
30
6
12
6
6

22
30
57
31
10
27
6
11
6
7

277
488
668
443
88
312
68
147
59
84

39
76
175
86
20
61
17
30
16
12

213
387
433
317
55
211
45
107
33
69

19
10
32
23
6
29
2
4
7
2

6
16
29
17
8
10
4
6
3
2

209
40
417
191
21
255
79
95
303
50

22
7
51
45
4
47
15
19
58
4

9
1
14
6
1
8
3
5
8
1

46
5
118
6
2
18
5
6
39
27

14
2
14
27
1
19
8
3
21
2

46
7
75
33
2
64
15
22
53
6

39
8
64
34
4
47
11
17
64
4

34
11
81
41
7
52
22
23
60
5

470
90
1,054
316
59
759
194
218
814
85

62
23
191
55
14
176
44
64
216
18

343
56
728
200
41
466
132
138
526
65

44
7
90
44
1
81
11
7
54
1

21
4
44
18
2
36
7
9
17
2

72
22
136
417
46
21
188
144
55
125
18

14
3
34
75
7
3
21
29
13
26
4

3
1
5
26
2
1
6
5
2
4
1

2
3
5
21
3
2
38
22
6
4
2

10
2
19
27
1
3
12
6
9
5
1

15
3
23
89
11
4
34
30
8
26
2

13
5
16
72
13
4
45
26
9
42
4

14
5
33
108
10
3
33
27
9
18
4

121
65
243
649
134
45
315
294
96
487
40

29
12
64
165
24
10
66
70
38
119
11

72
48
134
549
104
34
216
185
38
329
25

18
2
29
92
2
(4)
22
29
14
27
2

2
4
16
44
4
1
11
10
5
12
2

See footnotes at end of table.

76

Tabl* 19. 8tataa: Civilian* at work 1 to 34 hour* by aax, raoa, raaaon for working laaa than 3S houra, and uaual atatua, 1984
annual avaragaa—Contlnuad
(Numbers In thousands)
Usually work part time

Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total

Slack
Job
work or started or
material
termina­
shortages
ted

Holiday

Bad
weather

Own
lllneae

On vaca­
tion

Other1

P)

P)

P)

P)

Total

Slack
work or
only find
part-time

Does not Full-time
want full­ work less
time
than 36
houra
work2

Other

Black

A labam a................................................
California...............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

P)

G eorgia...... ...........................................
Illinois.....................................................
Louisiana...............................................

P)
P)
P)

P>
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

Maryland................................................
Michigan................................................
Mississippi.............................................
New York ..............................................
North Caro lina.....................................

P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)

P)
P)
P)

ft

P)

P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)

P)

P)

P)

P)

P)

P)

P)

South Carolina.....................................
Texas .....................................................

P)
P)

P)
P)

P)
P)

P)
P)

P)
P)

P)
P)

P)
P)

(*)

50
21
59

P)

P)

9
2
22

65

P>
1

11
7
2

P>
2

9

ft

2

14
5
17

<
4)
1
3

17

2

16

1 Includes industrial disputes.
2 Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work.
3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See

37
44
10
48

19
81
12
45

9
18
2
22

2
2
3
3

97
75
83

41
39
37

36
23
30

14
11
10

7
2
5

P)
P)
P)
4

67
124
27
117

P)
P)
P)

4
1
3

51
71
46
86
83

23
32
27
31
35

21
27
12
40
26

5
8
3
11
15

2
4
3
4
6

68
114

35
42

19
47

11
14

2
10

11
5
10

14

P)

appendix B.
4 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding,

77

T able 20. States: Em ployed civilians with a job but not at w ork by reason, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason not at work
State

Total
Vacation

Illness

A labam a...................................................................................................
A laska.......................................................................................................
A rizona.....................................................................................................
A rkansas..................................................................................................
California..................................................................................................
Colorado...................................................................................................
Connecticut..............................................................................................
D elaw are..................................................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................................................
Florida.......................................................................................................

90
15
67
54
588
68
97
13
16
254

51
9
38
27
332
46
61
7
8
138

20
2
17
12
140
11
23
3
5
67

Georgia.....................................................................................................
Haw aii.......................................................................................................
Idaho......... ................................................................................................
Illinois........................................................................................................
Indiana......................................................................................................
Kansas......................................................................................................
Kentucky ..................................................................................................
Louisiana..................................................................................................
M ain e........................................................................................................

126
28
24
295
128
65
61
86
85
27

63
14
15
181
70
37
42
42
40
17

36
8
4
57
34
15
8
21
21
7

Maryland...................................................................................................
Massachusetts.........................................................................................
Michigan...................................................................................................
Minnesota ................................................................................................
Mississippi................................................................................................
Missouri....................................................................................................
M ontana...................................................................................................
Nebraska..................................................................................................
Nevada .....................................................................................................
New Hampshire.......................................................................................

119
163
225
110
60
113
22
35
25
26

69
98
118
60
27
64
12
19
13
16

33
38
65
17
11
19
4
7
6
6

New Jersey..............................................................................................
New M exico.............................................................................................
New York .................................................................................................
North Carolina.........................................................................................
North D a ko ta...........................................................................................
Oklahom a.................................................................................................
Oregon......................................................................................................
Pennsylvania............................................................................................
Rhode Islan d ...........................................................................................

218
31
407
116
17
259
70
60
268
36

128
16
235
59
10
148
38
35
145
18

55
7
105
29
2
65
16
14
79
11

South Carolina.........................................................................................
South Dakota...........................................................................................
Tennessee ...............................................................................................
Texas ........................................................................................................
U ta h ..........................................................................................................
Verm ont....................................................................................................
Virginia......................................................................................................
Washington..............................................................................................
West Virginia............................................................................................
Wisconsin.................................................................................................
Wyoming ..................................................................................................

55
15
120
370
28
13
139
96
41
114
13

28
9
59
213
18
8
79
58
22
75
9

15
3
28
84
6
3
34
17
12
19
2

Bad weather

1 Includes industrial disputes.

2
ft

ft

5
12
1
l2
)
ft
l2
)
1
3
ft
1
5
4
2
1
5
6
ft

78

16
4
12
9
103
9
13
3
3
49
24
6
4
52
20
12
10
18
18
3

1

16
25
39
31
19
22
6
7
6
3

2
2
4
4
1
2
3
1
3
1

33
6
63
24
5
45
14
10
41
6

3

10
3
27
62
4
2
25
19
7
18
3

2
2
3
1
3
7
1
2
ft

ft

5
11

ft

ft
ft

1
1
1
1

NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding.

2 Less than 500 persons.

O th e r1

Table 21. States: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1984 annual
averages
(Percent distribution)
Reason for unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(In thousands)

Job losers
Job leavers

Percent
Total

Reentrants

New entrants

On layoff

TOTAL

Alabama......................................................
Alaska .........................................................
Arizona........................................................
Arkansas .....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut ................................................
Delaware........................................ ............
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

200
25
71
93
972
96
77
19
29
322

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

51.1
53.3
40.2
44.7
56.1
43.8
47.2
51.5
48.7
43.7

10.5
13.5
11.4
13.6
10.5
8.8
10.9
22.2
4.4
8.8

8.0
16.1
21.3
10.9
10.9
17.6
9.9
10.4
7.5
14.8

24.2
27.9
30.2
29.3
22.0
30.9
26.9
20.3
29.1
27.8

16.7
2.7
8.2
15.1
11.0
7.6
14.0
17.7
14.7
13.7

Georgia .......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Io w a .............................................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
Maine ..........................................................

166
27
33
511
226
100
63
160
194
34

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

46.6
51.0
45.4
53.2
53.5
55.4
52.7
50.4
56.3
58.7

10.3
12.3
12.8
13.8
20.2
24.2
11.9
14.3
5.7
21.9

10.3
11.6
11.3
9.3
7.5
8.4
14.0
8.5
4.8
5.4

27.3
23.9
34.8
23.0
26.5
24.3
24.7
30.2
26.6
27.3

15.7
13.8
8.5
14.4
12.6
11.9
8.5
10.9
12.3
8.7

Maryland.....................................................
Massachusetts...........................................
Michigan .....................................................
M innesota...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
Nebraska ....................................................
Nevada ........................................................
New Hampshire........................................

121
145
488
141
116
172
30
35
39
22

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

49.3
52.9
46.9
53.9
54.1
62.0
48.7
42.6
53.7
44.1

11.2
18.0
19.4
22.4
10.6
11.4
9.6
13.9
6.3
23.0

11.1
12.1
6.8
11.1
9.3
9.7
8.7
13.1
16.2
16.8

25.9
23.9
30.2
24.1
21.4
19.7
35.9
29.3
23.6
30.7

13.7
11.1
16.1
10.9
15.3
8.6
6.7
15.0
6.5
8.4

New Jersey ................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina............................................
North Dakota..............................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Rhode Island..............................................

236
47
584
205
17
481
109
125
499
26

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

52.8
48.2
53.2
39.9
49.7
56.5
52.0
58.1
61.0
51.9

12.4
6.4
13.5
12.1
13.1
18.8
8.6
11.9
24.0
19.2

7.6
9.3
8.2
10.1
8.5
6.6
12.7
9.7
5.3
12.7

26.0
31.1
22.4
29.5
33.5
25.6
25.0
25.4
20.1
24.7

13.6
11.4
16.2
20.5
8.3
11.3
10.3
6.9
13.7
10.7

South Carolina...........................................
South D a ko ta.............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
Vermont
..................................................
Virginia ........................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia..............................................
Wisconsin ...................................................
W yoming.....................................................

105
15
190
466
47
14
143
194
116
176
16

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

48.6
33.3
47.0
43.8
44.3
57.0
31.8
53.9
66.1
55.8
55.0

8.0
6.8
14.9
5.4
14.1
26.5
9.2
14.2
23.0
20.3
14.5

14.1
12.3
6.9
13.0
10.8
10.2
12.2
10.8
6.6
9.1
10.8

24.5
44.6
28.1
31.8
33.5
25.0
40.3
27.1
16.4
17.7
28.9

12.8
9.8
18.0
11.5
11.4
7.8
15.6
8.3
10.9
17.4
5.2

Alabama......................................................
A lask a .........................................................
Arizona........................................................
Arkansas .....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

99
15
42
48
564
52
15
159

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

64.9
65.0
48.1
58.4
65.1
57.0
60.2
52.7

14.5
17.4
13.4
17.0
11.4
12.7
5.0
9.5

8.1
11.7
21.9
7.7
9.2
14.3
3.8
13.6

13.1
21.2
25.7
23.3
16.0
21.5
21.7
21.8

13.9
2.1
4.2
10.5
9.7
7.1
14.4
12.0

G eorgia.......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana........................................................
Io w a .............................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
Maine ..........................................................

62
15
20
277
129
59
87
110
19

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

58.5
62.4
58.0
66.2
65.8
69.1
66.9
68.7
63.8

10.8
14.0
17.4
18.8
24.8
34.7
18.7
6.6
25.2

9.2
10.0
11.6
7.1
6.1
6.2
6.8
1.5
6.6

20.5
17.2
25.2
15.3
16.0
17.1
20.4
19.4
21.4

11.8
10.4
5.2
11.4
12.1
7.5
5.9
10.3
8.2

M aryland.....................................................

64

100.0

61.6

13.4

10.5

18.0

11.8

Men

See footnotes at end of table.

79 -

Tabl# 21. 8tat««: Unamployad paraona by aax, aga, raoa, Hlapanlo origin, and raaaon for unamploymant, 1084 annual
avaragaa—Contlnuad
(Percent distribution)
Total unemployed
Population group and Stata

Number
(In thousands)

Reason for unemployment
Job losers

Percent

Job Isavers
Total

Reentrants

New entrants

10.8
8.4
7.8
10.5
7.9

11.5
15.1
9.8
11.6
6.3
6.4
5.3

On layoff

Man—Contlnuad

Massachusetts..........................................
Michigan .....................................................
M innesota...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
Nevada ........................................................

61
266
90
62
100
16
21

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

60.8
56.5
65.2
63.9
73.5
68.6
68.2

21.0
22.0
28.4
11.0
12.8
13.6
8.1

12.7

16.9
22.1
17.2
14.0
12.4
18.4
13.9

New Jersey ................................................
New M exico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina...........................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................

127
28
332
89
288
66
71
294

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

59.3
58.8
59.1
49.6
67.5
61.9
67.9
71.1

14.1
9.1
13.6
13.7
22.9
11.6
13.2
28.6

6.6
7.3
7.5
10.0
5.5
9.4
8.0
4.2

18.5
23.3
18.4
23.9
17.2
20.0
18.4
13.0

15.5
10.6
15.0
16.5
9.8
8.7
5.7
11.7

South Carolina..........................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia.............................................
W isconsin...................................................
W yoming.....................................................

45
105
248
25
111
80
110
10

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

62.1
52.1
60.0
58.6
63.8
79.2
66.5
63.6

8.7
15.1
7.1
19.8
15.2
27.3
25.0
19.8

9.5
6.9
8.0
9.7
8.1
3.4
4.7
8.1

18.6
24.7
23.1
20.4
19.2
9.0
15.0
22.6

9.8
16.2
8.9
11.3
8.9
8.4
13.7
5.5

Alabama......................................................
Alaska .........................................................
Arkansas.....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

101
9
45
408
44
14
163

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

37.6
34.2
30.2
43.7
28.3
36.6
35.0

6.5
7.1
9.9
9.3
4.2
3.8
8.1

7.9
23.3
14.3
13.1
21.4
11.3
16.0

35.2
38.8
35.6
30.3
42.0
37.0
33.7

19.3
3.7
19.9
12.9
8.3
15.0
15.3

G eorgia.......................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................

84
234
97
73
85

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.1
37.9
37.2
30.7
40.3

9.9
7.9
14.1
9.0
4.5

11.4
12.0
9.3
10.6
9.0

34.0
32.0
40.3
41.7
35.8

19.5
18.1
13.2
16.9
14.9

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts..........................................
Michigan .....................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
Nevada ........................................................

57
65
221
54
71
14
18

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.6
43.0
35.4
42.7
45.7
25.2
37.2

8.7
14.2
16.3
10.1
9.6
5.1
4.3

11.7
13.8
7.4
7.8
12.2
11.1
20.1

36.9
32.6
39.6
29.9
30.1
56.6
34.7

15.7
10.5
17.3
19.6
12.0
7.1
8.0

New J e rs e y ................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk....................................................
North Carolina...........................................
O h io .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................

109
19
251
116
192
43
54
205

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

45.1
32.7
45.3
32.4
39.9
37.0
45.3
48.4

10.5
2.4
13.3
10.9
12.6
4.0
10.2
17.5

8.8
12.4
9.2
10.2
8.4
17.7
11.9
6.8

34.7
42.6
27.8
33.8
38.2
32.4
34.4
30.3

11.4
12.4
17.8
23.6
13.5
12.9
8.4
16.5

South C arolina..........................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia..............................................

60
85
218
83
35

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

38.6
40.5
25.2
40.5
36.5

7.5
14.7
3.4
12.8
13.1

17.8
7.0
18.8
14.4
13.6

28.9
32.3
41.6
37.6
33.2

14.9
20.2
14.4
7.5
16.7

152
62
87
94
97
76
80
99

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

21.9
16.3
16.3
13.5
17.8
19.2
16.2
16.4

3.9
3.5
5.9
4.6
4.5
7.6
5.2
1.8

10.6
9.6
10.3
4.3
6.2
4.4
4.7
12.0

21.0
27.7
20.9
23.5
21.7
23.0
19.1
30.2

46.5
46.4
52.4
58.8
54.3
53.4
60.0
41.4

6.6

Woman

Both saxes, 16 to 19
years

California.....................................................
Florida.........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Michigan .....................................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
O h io .............................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Texas ..........................................................
See footnotes at end of table.

80

Table 21. States: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Reason for unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(in thousands)

Job losers
Job leavers

Percent
Total

Reentrants

New entrants

On layoff

White

Alabama......................................................
A lask a .........................................................
Arizona........................................................
Arkansas.....................................................
California.....................................................
Colorado.....................................................
Connecticut................................................
Delaw are.....................................................
Florida.........................................................

99
19
66
59
767
83
66
13
205

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

59.3
53.9
38.9
46.0
58.4
43.4
47.0
53.7
43.5

16.9
13.0
11.4
16.2
11.6
10.0
11.3
25.7
10.5

11.4
15.9
21.8
13.2
10.8
18.9
9.0
11.8
18.5

18.1
27.5
31.0
30.6
20.7
30.7
31.4
16.6
27.1

11.3
2.7
8.3
10.2
10.1
7.0
12.6
17.9
10.9

G eorgia.......................................................
Id a h o ...........................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Io w a .............................................................
Kansas ........................................................
Kentucky.....................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
M a in e ..........................................................

86
32
361
187
94
51
138
107
33

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

54.7
44.9
54.7
54.6
56.3
52.8
51.0
61.5
58.8

10.3
13.2
16.8
21.2
25.2
13.0
14.4
7.1
22.1

13.2
11.6
10.4
8.5
8.7
15.6
9.4
5.5
5.5

24.3
34.6
22.3
24.7
22.9
23.0
28.4
24.0
27.4

7.7
8.8
12.6
12.2
12.1
8.7
11.2
9.0
8.3

M aryland.....................................................
Massachusetts..........................................
Michigan .....................................................
Minnesota...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri.......................................................
M ontana......................................................
Nebraska ....................................................
Nevada........................................................
New Hampshire........................................

76
134
348
131
53
128
26
31
32
22

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

48.5
53.7
49.6
54.2
54.8
57.9
50.2
40.4
55.8
43.5

12.0
18.9
23.2
23.3
12.8
14.1
10.3
15.3
7.0
23.5

12.2
12.3
8.4
10.9
12.3
11.8
9.7
14.3
17.1
16.6

27.0
23.7
28.1
23.9
23.4
22.1
33.0
30.4
23.4
31.5

12.3
10.3
13.9
11.0
9.5
8.3
7.0
14.9
3.7
8.5

New Jersey ................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk....................................................
North Carolina............................................
North D akota..............................................
O hio .............................................................
O klahom a...................................................
O regon........................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................
Rhode Island..............................................

179
37
426
109
14
383
85
113
409
25

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

54.4
48.8
53.4
40.9
49.8
57.8
54.2
56.5
63.3
51.7

12.6
5.7
14.8
15.3
15.2
20.3
9.7
13.1
28.0
18.3

8.6
9.3
9.5
12.6
9.1
7.3
13.5
10.3
5.3
13.4

25.7
31.1
22.8
31.0
33.8
24.6
22.3
26.7
18.9
25.3

11.3
10.8
14.3
15.4
7.4
10.4
10.0
6.4
12.5
9.6

South C arolina..........................................
South D a ko ta.............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
U ta h .............................................................
Vermont ......................................................
Washington.................................................
West Virginia..............................................
W isconsin...................................................
W yoming.....................................................

53
13
126
345
41
14
168
109
160
15

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

50.4
34.9
53.1
42.6
44.8
57.8
55.0
66.8
56.1
55.4

8.0
7.2
18.0
5.7
14.9
26.3
15.4
23.6
20.9
14.0

19.3
13.2
7.5
14.8
10.4
10.5
11.1
6.5
9.7
11.2

22.2
42.3
24.7
31.3
33.3
23.7
25.3
16.0
16.6
28.4

8.1
9.6
14.7
11.4
11.5
8.0
8.6
10.7
17.6
4.9

Alabama......................................................
Arkansas .....................................................
California.....................................................
District of Columbia..................................
Florida.........................................................

100
33
126
26
113

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

43.2
42.3
50.7
49.2
43.9

4.2
9.1
6.4
4.3
5.7

4.4
7.2
9.4
6.8
8.4

30.4
26.7
27.3
29.0
28.7

22.0
23.8
12.6
15.0
19.0

G eorgia.......................................................
Illinois..........................................................
Louisiana.....................................................
Michigan .....................................................
Mississippi ..................................................

77
143
85
132
63

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.1
50.6
50.5
39.9
53.4

10.7
6.7
3.8
9.8
8.8

6.8
6.0
3.6
3.2
6.7

29.5
24.9
29.6
34.5
19.7

24.6
18.5
16.3
22.4
20.2

New Jersey ................................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
North Carolina...........................................
O h io .............................................................
Pennsylvania..............................................

54
141
91
94
87

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

47.0
52.3
37.7
51.6
50.5

10.9
9.7
8.9
12.8
5.9

4.4
4.5
7.2
4.3
5.1

26.9
22.3
28.4
29.6
25.5

21.7
20.9
26.7
14.6
18.8

South C arolina...........................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................

52
64
113

100.0
100.0
100.0

46.9
34.7
47.1

8.1
8.7
4.6

8.7
5.9
6.9

26.9
34.9
34.3

17.4
24.6
11.6

Black

See footnotes at end of table.

81

Table 21. States: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(in thousands)

Reason for unemployment
Job losers

Percent

Job leavers
Total

64.6
53.8
50.6
48.6

14.8
4.8
10.3
5.2

Reentrants

New entrants

14.8
24.4
23.9
28.4

12.1
13.3
18.4
13.7

On layoff

Hispanic origin

California.....................................................
New Mexico ...............................................
New Y o rk ....................................................
Texas ..........................................................

233
20
7S
134

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample In that
area. *See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent-

8.6
8.4
7.0
9.3

ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

82

Table 22. States: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1984 annual
averages
(Percent distribution)
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(in thousands)

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5-14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

27 weeks
and over

TOTAL

A labam a..........................................................................................
Alaska..............................................................................................
Arizona ............................................................................................
Arkansas.........................................................................................
California.........................................................................................
Colorado..........................................................................................
Connecticut.....................................................................................
D elaw are.........................................................................................
District of Colum bia.......................................................................
Florida..............................................................................................

200
25
71
93
972
96
77
19
29
322

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.6
48.1
52.0
46.0
43.3
45.9
45.5
36.9
32.1
50.1

30.8
32.8
27.4
31.2
28.6
31.3
27.5
34.6
36.4
29.9

32.6
19.1
20.6
22.8
28.1
22.8
27.0
28.5
31.5
20.0

20.0
9.2
10.7
12.6
15.2
9.7
13.3
17.5
15.9
10.7

Georgia...... .....................................................................................
H aw aii..............................................................................................
Idaho................................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................
Indiana.............................................................................................
Io w a ..................................................................................................
Kansas.............................................................................................
Kentucky..........................................................................................
Louisiana.........................................................................................
M a in e ...............................................................................................

166
27
33
511
226
100
63
160
194
34

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

47.4
45.0
44.3
33.9
35.9
35.0
38.5
31.5
34.4
37.7

30.5
26.9
34.8
28.5
25.4
24.1
29.4
28.9
30.1
31.4

22.0
28.1
21.0
37.7
38.7
40.9
32.1
39.6
35.5
30.9

10.4
11.9
9.1
23.0
25.8
27.0
18.9
23.7
20.2
16.3

Maryland..........................................................................................
Massachusetts............................................................................
M ichigan..........................................................................................
Minnesota........................................................................................
Mississippi.......................................................................................
Missouri...........................................................................................
M ontana..........................................................................................
Nebraska.........................................................................................
Nevada ............................................................................................
New Hampshire..............................................................................

121
145
488
141
116
172
30
35
39
22

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

38.4
39.9
36.7
35.3
33.8
35.6
38.4
43.3
47.1
41.9

29.5
31.9
26.2
30.4
25.6
28.9
30.2
24.5
27.8
33.0

32.1
28.2
37.1
34.3
40.7
35.6
31.4
32.2
25.0
25.1

18.2
14.1
25.7
20.6
26.5
22.8
16.6
20.0
13.2
11.1

New Jersey.....................................................................................
New M exico....................................................................................
New Y o rk ........................................................................................
North C arolina................................................................................
North D a ko ta..................................................................................
Ohio .................................................................................................
O klahom a........................................................................................
O regon.............................................................................................
Pennsylvania...................................................................................
Rhode Islan d ..................................................................................

236
47
584
205
17
481
109
125
499
26

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.8
41.5
33.7
43.9
43.2
30.4
39.9
37.0
33.3
41.1

29.4
30.5
30.0
28.5
32.8
27.1
32.2
31.1
27.3
30.9

29.8
28.0
36.3
27.6
24.0
42.5
28.0
31.9
39.4
28.0

14.2
14.7
21.3
16.8
12.0
30.5
17.1
21.0
24.3
14.4

South Carolina................................................................................
South D akota..................................................................................
Tennessee ......................................................................................
Texas ...............................................................................................
U ta h .................................................................................................
Verm ont...........................................................................................
Virginia.............................................................................................
Washington.....................................................................................
West Virginia...................................................................................
Wisconsin........................................................................................
Wyoming..........................................................................................

105
15
190
466
47
14
143
194
116
176
16

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.1
45.9
41.4
51.0
47.3
41.6
54.2
38.8
28.9
34.1
45.8

28.9
31.6
27.7
29.3
29.9
36.8
24.6
30.6
21.1
30.4
32.1

30.9
22.5
30.9
19.7
22.7
21.6
21.2
30.6
50.0
35.5
22.2

16.7
12.4
17.2
9.9
11.1
9.4
9.9
17.4
35.1
24.0
10.0

A labam a..........................................................................................
Alaska..............................................................................................
Arizona ............................................................................................
Arkansas .........................................................................................
California............................... ..........................................................
Colorado..........................................................................................
District of Colum bia......................................................................
Florida..............................................................................................

99
15
42
48
564
52
15
159

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.Q
100.0
100.0

33.5
44.2
44.3
40.0
41.1
43.7
28.2
49.0

33.5
34.2
28.4
34.5
27.5
30.0
34.5
28.6

33.0
21.7
27.3
25.5
31.3
26.2
37.4
22.3

20.4
11.0
14.1
14.8
17.7
10.3
20.9
12.5

Georgia............................................................................................
H aw aii..............................................................................................
Idaho................................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................
Indiana.............................................................................................
Io w a .................................................................................................
Kentucky..........................................................................................
Louisiana.........................................................................................
M a in e ...............................................................................................

82
15
20
277
129
59
87
110
19

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

44.5
41.7
40.4
28.2
31.5
28.5
26.7
34.1
31.5

32.1
23.8
36.9
28.7
27.8
23.5
27.7
28.6
31.7

23.4
34.4
22.7
43.2
40.6
48.1
45.7
37.4
36.8

9.6
17.3
10.2
27.8
26.7
32.2
31.1
22.4
22.3

Maryland..........................................................................................
Massachusetts................................................................................

64
81

100.0
100.0

36.6
35.6

28.6
33.6

34.8
30.8

20.9
15.7

Man

See footnotes at end of table.

S3

Table 22. States: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(in thousands)

Duration of unemployment

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5-14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

27 weeks
and over

Men—Continued

Michigan..........................................................................................
Minnesota........................................................................................
Mississippi.......................................................................................
Missouri...........................................................................................
M ontana..........................................................................................
Nevada ............................................................................................

266
90
62
100
16
21

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.6
30.7
28.1
32.3
28.9
43.0

24.9
31.8
27.3
29.0
32.4
29.0

42.5
37.5
44.5
38.8
38.7
28.0

30.6
24.3
31.7
26.3
23.5
14.6

New Jersey.....................................................................................
New M exico....................................................................................
New Y o r k ........................................................................................
North C arolina................................................................................
O h io .................................................................................................
O klahom a........................................................................................
Oregon.............................................................................................
Pennsylvania...................................................................................

127
28
332
69
288
66
71
294

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.4
40.5
29.8
40.5
27.2
37.8
30.2
29.3

32.4
31.2
29.6
29.7
24.4
31.9
32.4
27.2

31.2
28.3
40.5
29.9
48.4
30.3
37.4
43.5

15.5
15.7
24.7
19.9
36.2
17.6
26.6
27.6

South Carolina................................................................................
Tennessee ......................................................................................
Texas ...............................................................................................
U ta h .................................................................................................
Washington.....................................................................................
West Virginia...................................................................................
Wisconsin........................................................................................
Wyoming..........................................................................................

45
105
248
25
111
80
110
10

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.2
35.6
45.3
42.6
36.3
24.9
31.6
43.3

29.2
28.9
29.7
29.3
26.9
19.2
27.0
34.8

34.6
35.5
25.0
28.1
36.9
55.9
41.4
21.9

19.2
20.6
13.7
13.6
21.2
42.8
28.0
9.7

Alabam a..........................................................................................
A laska..............................................................................................
Arkansas .........................................................................................
California.........................................................................................
Colorado..........................................................................................
District of Colum bia......................................................................
Florida..............................................................................................

101
9
45
408
44
14
163

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.7
54.5
52.3
46.3
48.3
36.3
51.2

28.1
30.6
27.7
30.0
32.9
38.4
31.2

32.2
14.9
20.0
23.7
18.8
25.3
17.7

19.6
6.2
10.3
11.9
9.1
10.5
9.1

Georgia............................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................
Indiana.............................................................................................
Kentucky..........................................................................................
Louisiana.........................................................................................

84
234
97
73
85

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

50.3
40.6
41.7
37.3
34.8

29.1
28.2
22.1
30.3
32.1

20.7
31.2
36.2
32.4
33.1

11.2
17.2
24.7
15.0
17.3

Maryland..........................................................................................
Massachusetts................................................................................
Michigan..........................................................................................
Mississippi.......................................................................................
Missouri...........................................................................................
M ontana..........................................................................................
Nevada ............................................................................................

57
65
221
54
71
14
18

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.5
45.3
41.8
40.2
40.2
49.7
51.9

30.5
29.7
27.7
23.5
28.7
27.5
26.5

29.0
25.0
30.6
36.3
31.0
22.7
21.6

15.2
12.1
19.7
20.6
17.8
8.5
11.5

New Jersey.....................................................................................
New M exico....................................................................................
New York ........................................................................................
North C arolina................................................................................
O h io .................................................................................................
O klahom a........................................................................................
O regon.............................................................................................
Pennsylvania...................................................................................

109
19
251
116
192
43
54
205

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

46.0
42.9
38.7
46.5
35.3
43.0
46.0
38.9

25.9
29.5
30.5
27.7
31.1
32.5
29.3
27.5

28.1
27.6
30.8
25.8
33.6
24.5
24.7
33.6

12.6
13.3
16.8
14.4
22.1
16.2
13.7
19.7

South Carolina................................................................................
Tennessee ......................................................................................
Texas ...............................................................................................
Washington.....................................................................................
West Virginia...................................................................................

60
85
218
83
35

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

43.0
48.6
57.5
42.3
38.0

28.8
26.2
28.9
35.7
25.4

28.2
25.2
13.6
22.1
36.6

14.8
13.1
5.5
12.4
17.7

152
62
87
94
97
76
80
99

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

59.5
69.3
46.6
48.7
47.1
40.7
44.9
59.3

28.6
23.9
34.6
29.7
34.5
33.9
38.2
27.3

11.9
6.8
18.8
21.7
18.4
25.4
16.9
13.4

6.4
.7
7.3
10.2
9.2

Women

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

California.........................................................................................
Florida..............................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................
M ichigan..........................................................................................
New Y o rk ........................................................................................
O h io .................................................................................................
Pennsylvania...................................................................................
Texas ...............................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.

84

16.1
6.3
6.9

Table 22. States: Unemployed persona by aex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(In thousand!)

Percent

Less than
6 weeks

6-14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

27 weeks
and over

White

A labam a..........................................................................................
Alaska..............................................................................................
A rizona............................................................................................
Arkansas .........................................................................................
California.........................................................................................
Colorado..........................................................................................
Connecticut.....................................................................................
D elaw are.........................................................................................
Florida..............................................................................................

99
19
68
59
767
83
66
13
205

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.5
47.8
51.2
47.5
44.9
46.6
45.9
38.0
52.6

32.4
33.9
28.2
28.8
28.2
31.8
25.8
38.2
28.0

28.1
18.2
20.6
23.7
26.9
21.5
28.3
25.8
19.4

16.8
7.8
10.1
14.1
14.1
9.1
14.5
14.4
10.8

Georgia............................................................................................
Idaho ................................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................
Indiana.............................................................................................
Io w a ..................................................................................................
Kansas .............................................................................................
Kentucky..........................................................................................
Louisiana.........................................................................................
M a in e ...............................................................................................

66
32
361
187
94
51
138
107
33

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

48.6
44.9
33.6
37.1
35.5
41.8
33.2
33.2
37.7

30.5
34.5
27.6
24.9
24.6
28.8
28.6
31.6
31.1

20.8
20.5
38.8
38.0
39.8
29.5
38.0
35.2
31.2

9.9
9.1
23.2
24.3
26.2
15.4
22.1
18.7
16.4

Maryland..........................................................................................
Massachusetts................................................................................
M ichigan..........................................................................................
Minnesota........................................................................................
Mississippi......................... ..............................................................
Missouri...........................................................................................
M on tan a..... .....................................................................................
Nebraska.........................................................................................
N e v a d a ............................................................................................
New Hampshire..............................................................................

76
134
346
131
53
126
26
31
32
22

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.0
40.2
38.7
34.9
35.1
38.0
38.0
42.3
46.9
42.7

31.6
32.1
27.5
31.1
29.6
32.2
30.8
25.0
26.4
32.7

29.4
27.7
33.8
34.0
35.2
29.8
31.3
32.7
24.7
24.6

16.5
14.2
21.2
19.6
19.0
17.1
16.2
19.7
13.4
11.3

New Jersey.....................................................................................
New M exico................................... ................................................
New Y o rk ........................................................................................
North Carolina................................................................................
North D a ko ta..................................................................................
O h io .................................................................................................
Oklahom a........................................................................................
Oregon.............................................................................................
Pennsylvania...................................................................................
Rhode Isla n d ..................................................................................

179
37
426
109
14
363
65
113
409
25

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.6
40.9
34.7
46.9
44.4
30.6
41.6
39.4
32.7
40.9

26.8
33.2
30.1
30.2
31.3
27.2
29.8
32.3
28.2
30.0

26.6
25.6
35.3
20.9
24.3
42.2
28.6
28.2
39.1
29.1

13.6
12.8
20.3
11.7
12.6
30.0
16.7
16.0
25.0
14.9

South Carolina................................................................................
South D akota..................................................................................
Tennessee ......................................................................................
Texas ................................................................................................
U ta h ..................................................................................................
Verm ont...........................................................................................
W ashington.....................................................................................
West Virginia...................................................................................
Wisconsin........................................................................................
Wyoming..........................................................................................

53
13
126
345
41
14
166
109
160
15

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

43.9
46.2
42.3
54.3
45.2
41.1
39.4
28.3
34.6
46.0

25.7
31.9
28.3
27.4
31.5
36.9
30.2
21.9
30.0
31.2

30.5
21.9
29.5
18.3
23.3
22.0
30.4
49.8
35.3
22.8

12.8
11.7
14.6
7.9
11.4
9.6
16.9
34.3
23.8
10.2

A labam a..........................................................................................
Arkansas.........................................................................................
California.........................................................................................
District of Columbia .......................................................................
Florida..............................................................................................

100
33
126
26
113

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

33.7
42.4
34.1
31.1
45.7

29.3
35.9
30.6
35.9
33.4

37.0
21.7
35.3
33.0
20.9

24.1
10.3
23.1
17.4
10.6

Georgia............................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................
Louisiana.........................................................................................
M ichigan..........................................................................................
Mississippi.......................................................................................

77
143
85
132
63

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

45.5
33.9
35.1
30.8
32.7

30.3
30.5
28.4
22.6
22.2

24.2
35.6
36.6
46.7
45.2

11.4
23.1
22.5
38.2
32.7

New Jersey.....................................................................................
New Y o rk ........................................................................................
North C arolina................................................................................
O h io .................................................................................................
Pennsylvania...................................................................................

54
141
9
94
87

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

34.9
31.5
36.6
29.6
35.2

32.1
30.0
27.0
26.4
23.3

33.0
38.5
36.4
44.0
41.5

16.3
23.8
23.4
33.5
21.2

South Carolina................................................................................
Tennessee ......................................................................................
Texas ...............................................................................................

52
64
113

100.0
100.0
100.0

36.5
39.7
40.8

31.9
26.6
34.1

31.6
33.7
25.1

21.0
22.4
16.6

Black

See footnotes at end of table.

85

Table 22. States: Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1984 annual
averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Population group and State

Number
(in thousands)

Less than
5 weeks

5-14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

27 weeks
and over

46.6
36.9
35.9
48.6

Percent

27.9
36.5
34.3
30.3

26.5
26.7
29.8
21.1

13.3
14.2
14.6
8.7

Hispanic origin

California.........................................................................................
New M exico....................................................................................
New Y o rk ........................................................................................
Texas ...............................................................................................

233
20
76
134

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­

ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

86

Section III. Estimates for Metropolitan Areas and Cities

87

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areaa and cltlea: Employment etatue of the civilian nonlnatltutlonal population by aex, age,
race, Hlapanlc origin, and marital atatua, 1984 annual averagea
(Numbers In thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian nonInstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Employment
Number

Unemployment

Peroent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Anahelm-Santa AnaCarden Qrova 8M 8A
T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,678
748
830
133

1,078
810
468
80

66.3
81.5
56.4
60.2

1,029
581
448
87

65.2
77.6
54.0
50.5

49
29
20
13

4.6
4.8
4.3
16.0

3.8
3.8
3.2
11.6

-

5.3
5.8
5.3
20.5

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,456
689
768
118

999
586
433
72

68.6
82.2
56.4
61.6

955
540
415
60

66.6
78.4
54.1
51.3

45
27
18
12

4.5
4.7
4.2
16.7

3.7
3.7
3.1
12.0

-

5.2
5.7
5.3
21.4

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

181
87
93

132
76
56

73.1
87.3
59.8

121
69
52

67.0
79.3
55.5

11
7
4

8.3
9.2
7.2

5.6
5.5
3.3

-

11.0
12.9
11.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

372
946
260

281
842
155

75.7
67.9
59.4

257
626
146

69.2
66.2
56.1

24
16
9

8.7
2.5
5.6

6.8
1.8
3.5

-

10.6
3.2
7.7

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,678
800
878
132

1,190
654
536
78

70.9
81.8
61.0
59.0

1,137
631
506
65

67.8
78.9
57.6
49.1

53
23
30
13

4.5
3.5
5.6
16.8

3.8
2.7
4.5
12.3

-

5.1
4.3
6.7
21.3

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,276
621
664
92

907
618
389
69

71.1
83.4
59.5
63.9

878
505
372
53

68.9
81.4
67.0
57.8

29
13
16
6

3.2
2.4
4.2
9.6

2.6
1.7
3.0
5.2

-

3.8
3.2
5.3
13.7

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

383
169
214

269
128
141

70.4
76.0
65.9

246
118
129

64.3
69.8
60.0

23
10
13

8.6
8.1
9.0

6.6
5.3
6.3

-

10.6
10.8
11.8

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital statue*.......................................

399
990
288

290
713
187

72.7
72.0
64.8

264
694
180

66.0
70.0
62.4

27
19
7

9.2
2.7
3.6

7.3
2.0
2.1

-

11.1
3.4
5.2

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,694
817
877
143

1,104
621
482
73

65.2
76.1
55.0
51.5

1,035
562
453
61

81.1
71.3
51.6
42.8

68
39
29
12

6.2
6.3
6.1
16.9

5.4
5.2
4.9
12.3

-

7.0
7.4
7.3
21.6

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,254
619
635
99

829
482
347
60

66.1
77.8
54.8
61.1

791
462
329
53

63.1
74.7
51.8
53.4

38
19
19
8

4.6
4.0
5.4
12.6

3.8
3.0
4.0
8.0

-

5.4
5.0
6.7
17.2

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W o m en ............................................................

401
180
220

249
127
122

62.2
70.3
55.6

220
108
112

54.9
59.6
51.0

29
19
10

11.8
15.2
8.2

9.5
11.7
5.4

-

14.1
18.7
11.0

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................

478
909
307

333
613
167

69.8
87.4
51.3

293
595
147

61.3
65.5
48.0

41
18
10

12.2
2.9
6.4

10.2
2.1
4.2

-

14.1
3.7
8.5

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

2,194
1,030
1,164
177

1,507
819
688
102

68.7
79.5
59.1
57.6

1,445
783
662
95

65.9
76.0
56.9
53.6

62
36
26
7

4.1
4.4
3.7
7.1

3.6
3.7
3.0
4.5

-

4.6
5.2
4.5
9.6

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.........................

2,059
974
1,086
165

1,414
779
635
100

68.7
80.0
58.5
60.8

1,359
747
612
93

66.0
76.7
56.4
56.6

55
32
22
7

3.9
4.2
3.5
6.9

3.3
3.4
2.8
4.3

-

4.4
4.9
4.3
9.5

Black ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

106
63

75
45

71.3
70.7

69
42

65.4
66.5

6
3

8.4
5.9

5.1
2.2

-

11.7
9.6

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

735
1,111
348

564
767
176

76.8
69.0
50.6

533
742
170

72.6
66.8
48.8

31
25
6

5.5
3.2
3.6

4.5
2.6
2.1

-

6.4
3.9
5.0

Atlanta SMSA

Baltimore 8M 8A

Other marital status*....................................
Boston SMSA

See footnotes at end of table.

88

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian non­
institutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Unemployment

Employment
Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Buffalo SMSA

_ 13.1

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

946
447
499

568
324
244

60.0
72.6
48.9

502
277
225

53.1
62.1
45.0

66
47
19

11.6
14.5
7.8

10.1
12.3
5.8

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

865
411
454

522
300
222

60.4
73.1
48.9

468
261
207

54.1
63.7
45.5

54
39
15

10.4
12.9
6.9

8.8
10.7
5.0

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status*.......................................

245
542
159

181
322
65

73.8
59.5
41.0

148
299
56

60.3
55.1
35.0

33
23
9

18.3
7.3
14.4

15.2
5.6
9.7

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

5,432
2,501
2,851
449

3,560
1,989
1,570
236

65.5
77.1
55.1
52.6

3,251
1,823
1,428
187

59.9
70.6
50.1
41.6

309
166
142
50

8.7
8.4
9.1
21.0

8.1
7.7
8.2
18.2

-

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

4,304
2,071
2,233
328

2,880
1,630
1,242
202

66.9
79.1
55.6
61.5

2,702
1,539
1,163
167

62.8
74.3
52.1
51.0

178
98
80
34

6.2
6.0
6.4
17.1

5.7
5.3
5.6
14.2

-

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

984
441
543

579
296
282

58.8
67.2
52.1

455
232
223

46.3
52.5
41.2

124
65
59

21.4
21.8
20.9

19.5
19.2
18.2

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

353
183
170

244
148
96

69.0
80.9
56.3

213
131
81

60.3
71.8
47.8

31
16
15

12.7
11.2
15.1

10.4
8.3
11.2

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

1,569
2,968
895

1,090
2,015
455

69.5
67.9
50.8

930
1,917
405

59.3
64.6
45.2

159
99
50

14.6
4.9
11.0

13.5
4.3
9.4

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

1,053
491
562
98

697
387
310
55

66.2
78.8
55.2
55.7

627
347
279
40

59.5
70.8
49.7
40.4

70
39
31
15

10.0
10.1
9.9
27.5

8.7
8.4
8.0
21.6

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

909
430
479

605
344
261

66.5
79.9
54.5

558
318
240

61.3
73.8
50.1

47
26
21

7.8
7.6
8.1

6.5
5.9
6.2

-

9.0
9.2
10.0

Black ..................................................................

138

88

64.1

66

48.2

22

24.8

20.0

-

29.6

-

20.0
7.4
15.7

-

16.6
9.7
11.9
15.0
8.9
21.4
8.9
19.2

Chicago SMSA

-

-

_
-

9.2
9.1
9.9
23.8
6.7
6.7
7.2
19.9

_ 23.2
-

24.4
23.5

_ 15.1
-

-

-

14.0
19.1
15.8
5.5
12.7

Cincinnati SMSA

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

275
591
186

197
398
102

71.4
67.4
54.6

163
374
89

59.2
63.3
48.0

34
24
12

17.1
6.0
12.1

14.2
4.7
8.6

1,450
696
754
103

909
519
390
59

62.7
74.6
51.7
56.9

826
470
356
47

57.0
67.6
47.2
46.1

83
49
34
11

9.1
9.4
8.8
19.0

8.0
7.9
7.2
13.5

_
-

_
-

-

11.3
11.8
11.8
33.5

Cleveland SMSA
T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................
W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,199
576
623
83

758
440
318
50

63.2
76.4
51.1
60.5

703
409
294
42

58.7
71.0
47.3
51.0

55
31
24
8

7.2
7.0
7.5
15.7

6.1
5.6
5.8
10.1

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

239
114
125

145
76
69

60.7
66.7
55.2

118
59
59

49.3
51.7
47.0

27
17
10

18.8
22.5
14.9

15.3
17.3
10.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

365
820
265

254
525
131

69.5
64.0
49.3

216
495
115

59.2
60.4
43.5

38
30
15

14.8
5.7
11.7

12.4
4.6
8.6

See footnotes at end of table.

89

_
-

-

_
-

-

10.2
10.8
10.4
24.4
8.3
8.4
9.2
21.2

_ 22.4
-

-

.
-

27.6
19.6
17.3
6.9
14.8

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian nonlnstltutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, arid marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Employment
Number

Unemployment

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate'

Dallas-Fort Worth SMSA
T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes. 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

2,488
1,249
1,239
189

1,850
1,066
783
125

74.3
85.4
63.2
66.2

1,772
1,033
739
107

71.2
82.7
59.6
56.4

77
33
44
19

4.2
3.1
5.6
14.9

3.6
2.5
4.7
11.4

-

4.7
3.7
6.6
18.4

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

2,158
1,087
1,071
156

1,607
938
669
105

74.5
86.3
62.5
67.4

1,549
914
636
91

71.8
84.0
59.4
58.7

58
24
34
14

3.6
2.6
5.0
12.9

3.1
2.0
4.0
9.3

-

4.1
3.2
6.0
16.5

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W o m en ............................................................

275
133
142

203
106
97

74.1
80.1
68.5

185
98
88

87.5
73.5
61.8

18
9
9

9.0
8.2
9.8

6.6
5.1
6.3

-

11.3
11.3
13.2

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................

176
97

133
91

75.6
93.2

125
86

71.0
87.9

8
5

6.1
5.7

3.8
2.9

-

8.5
8.5

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

577
1,469
442

464
1,069
317

80.4
72.7
71.7

432
1,034
306

74.9
70.4
69.3

32
34
11

6.9
3.2
3.4

5.6
2.6
2.3

-

8.3
3.9
4.6

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,349
646
703
97

1,023
549
474
64

75.8
84.9
67.4
65.9

976
525
450
56

72.3
81.3
64.1
57.2

47
24
23
8

4.6
4.3
4.9
13.2

3.9
3.4
3.9
9.2

-

5.3
5.2
5.9
17.2

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.........................

1,243
597
646
86

940
508
432
58

75.6
85.0
66.9
67.3

903
488
415
52

72.7
81.8
64.2
60.3

37
19
17
6

3.9
3.8
4.0
10.4

3.3
3.0
3.0
6.5

-

4.5
4.7
4.9
14.2

Oanver-Boulder

Black ..................................................................

73

60

82.0

52

71.0

8

13.3

9.0

-

17.6

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

114
51
64

87
43
44

75.9
84.0
69.5

80
40
40

70.2
78.7
63.4

7
3
4

7.6
6.3
8.B

4.8
2.6
4.7

-

10.4
9.9
13.0

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

342
781
226

276
590
156

80.6
75.6
69.2

255
572
148

74.5
73.3
65.6

21
18
8

7.5
3.0
5.3

6.0
2.3
3.5

-

9.1
3.7
7.0

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

3,184
1,506
1,678
306

2,008
1,129
879
181

63.1
75.0
52.4
59.0

1,785
1,010
775
134

56.1
67.0
46.2
43.7

223
119
104
47

11.1
10.6
11.8
25.9

10.3
9.5
10.6
22.6

-

11.9
11.6
13.1
29.2

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.........................

2,540
1,217
1,323
229

1,644
937
707
142

64.7
77.0
53.4
61.6

1,520
871
648
115

59.8
71.6
49.0
50.2

125
66
59
27

7.8
7.0
8.3
18.8

6.8
6.1
7.2
15.3

-

8.3
8.0
9.5
22.3

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W o m en ............................................................

595
267
329

338
178
159

56.7
66.8
48.5

243
127
116

40.8
47.6
35.2

95
51
44

28.1
28.8
27.4

25.6
25.3
23.7

-

30.7
32.3
31.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

894
1,731
559

621
1,116
271

69.5
64.5
48.5

503
1,054
228

56.3
60.9
40.7

118
62
44

19.0
5.5
16.1

17.3
4.8
13.6

-

20.7
6.3
18.5

T o ta l....................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

2,553
1,280
1,273
205

1,830
1,084
746
112

71.7
84.7
58.6
54.9

1,707
1,015
692
92

66.9
79.3
54.4
45.1

123
69
54
20

6.7
6.3
7.3
17.8

6.0
5.5
6.2
13.9

-

7.4
7.2
8.4
21.7

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

2,089
1,054
1,035
157

1,491
899
592
88

71.4
85.3
57.2
56.2

1,417
857
560
76

67.8
81.3
54.1
48.7

74
42
32
12

4.9
4.7
5.4
13.3

4.3
3.9
4.3
9.3

-

5.6
5.5
6.4
17.3

Detroit SMSA

Houston 8MSA

See footnotes at end of table.

90

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian non­
institutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Houston SMSA—Continued
Black ..................................... .............................
M e n .................................................................
Women ............................................................

390
184
206

283
148
135

72.6
80.4
65.7

236
122
114

60.7
66.4
55.5

46
26
21

16.4
17.3
15.4

13.9
13.9
11.9

-

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

353
178
175

246
150
96

69.7
84.6
54.6

228
140
87

64.6
79.0
49.9

18
10
8

7.4
6.7
8.6

5.5
4.4
5.3

-

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present........................
Other marital status2 .......................................

619
1,518
416

466
1,078
286

75.2
71.1
68.7

410
1,028
268

66.3
67.8
64.4

55
50
18

11.9
4.6
6.2

10.2
3.9
4.6

896
435
461
79

630
357
273
50

70.3
82.1
59.1
62.4

586
332
254
43

65.4
76.4
55.1
53.7

43
25
18
7

6.9
7.0
6.8
13.8

5.7
5.4
5.0
6.5

-

-

18.9
20.8
18.9
9.3
9.0
11.8

_ 13.6
5.4
7.9
-

Indianapolis SMSA
Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................
W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

797
393
404

565
326
238

70.8
83.0
59.0

532
306
226

66.8
77.8
56.0

33
21
12

5.8
6.3
5.0

_
-

8.1
8.5
8.5
19.2

-

6.9
7.8
6.6

12.8

-

23.9

10.2
2.4
6.0

_ 16.0
4.6
- 13.0

4.6
4.8
3.4

Black ..................................................................

89

59

66.7

48

54.4

11

18.4

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 ....................................

217
538
142

167
373
90

77.2
69.3
63.3

145
360
81

67.1
66.9
57.3

22
13
9

13.1
3.5
9.5

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,035
498
537
79

714
403
311
50

69.0
81.0
57.9
63.3

667
378
289
41

64.5
76.0
53.7
51.4

47
25
22
9

6.6
6.1
7.2
18.8

5.5
4.8
5.6
13.2

_
-

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

918
443
475
69

631
361
270
44

68.7
81.4
56.8
63.9

594
341
253
37

64.6
76.9
53.2
53.2

37
20
17
7

5.9
5.5
6.4
16.7

4.8
4.2
4.7
10.9

_

-

6.9
6.8
8.0
22.5

Black ..................................................................

102

74

72.7

66

64.6

8

11.2

7.3

-

15.2

_ 14.5
5.0
- 11.8

Kansas City SMSA

Single (never married)............. ..... .............
Married, spouse present............................... .
Other marital status2 ...................................... .

-

-

7.6
7.4
8.8
24.4

229
624
182

169
435
110

73.9
69.7
60.2

149
418
100

65.2
67.0
54.9

20
17
10

11.8
3.9
8.9

9.2
2.9
6.0

Total ...................................................................
M e n .......................................... .......................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

5,934
2,807
3,127
498

3,822
2,147
1,675
216

64.4
76.5
53.6
43.4

3,521
1,967
1,553
165

59.3
70.1
49.7
33.2

302
180
122
51

7.9
8.4
7.3
23.5

7.4
7.7
6.5
20.5

W h ite ............................................................... .
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

4,698
2,236
2,461
377

3,057
1,739
1,318
179

65.1
77.8
53.5
47.4

2,833
1,604
1,228
141

60.3
71.7
49.9
37.3

224
135
89
38

7.3
7.8
6.8
21.2

6.8
7.0
6.0
18.0

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

667
293
374

407
206
201

61.1
70.4
53.8

355
175
180

53.2
59.9
48.1

52
31
22

12.8
15.0
10.7

11.0
12.2
8.2

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,460
698
762
176

940
563
377
71

64.4
80.7
49.4
40.0

842
498
343
53

57.6
71.4
45.1
29.8

98
65
33
18

10.4
11.5
8.8
25.6

9.3
10.0
7.2
20.3

_ 11.6
- 13.0
- 10.5
- 30.8

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 ........................................

1,680
3,082
1,171

1,145
2,030
647

68.1
65.9
55.3

1,009
1,917
595

60.0
62.2
50.8

136
113
52

11.9
5.6
8.1

10.8
5.0
6.9

-

Los AngelesLong Beach SMSA

See footnotes at end of table.

91

_
-

_
-

8.4
9.1
8.0
26.5
7.9
8.5
7.6
24.4

_ 14.7
-

_
-

17.7
13.2

12.9
6.2
9.3

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Employment
Number

Unemployment

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Miami SMSA
Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

1,389
636
753

871
479
392

62.7
75.3
52.1

806
447
359

58.0
70.3
47.7

65
32
33

7.5
6.7
8.5

6.5
5.4
6.9

-

8.5
8.0
10.1

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

1,107
505
602

686
379
307

62.0
75.1
51.0

644
359
285

58.1
71.1
47.3

43
20
23

6.2
5.3
7.3

5.1
4.0
5.6

-

7.3
6.6
9.0

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

273
127
146

179
96
83

65.6
75.9
56.6

156
85
72

57.3
66.7
49.2

22
12
11

12.6
12.1
13.1

9.8
8.4
8.9

-

15.4
15.9
17.3

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

581
263
318

386
212
174

666
80.9
54.7

354
197
157

61.0
75.2
49.2

32
15
17

8.4
7.1
10.0

6.8
5.1
7.5

-

10.0
9.1
12.6

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other maritai status2 .......................................

344
726
318

227
485
160

65.9
66.7
50.2

200
457
149

58.1
62.9
46.9

27
28
11

11.8
5.7
6.6

9.4
4.5
4.4

-

14.2
7.0
8.8

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,060
510
550
99

692
391
302
60

65.3
76.6
54.9
60.6

636
355
281
47

60.0
69.5
51.1
47.1

57
36
21
13

8.2
9.2
6.9
22.3

7.0
7.6
5.2
16.7

-

9.4
10.9
8.5
27.9

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

959
464
496
82

636
360
276
53

66.3
77.8
55.6
65.0

590
331
258
42

61.5
71.5
52.1
51.3

46
29
17
11

7.3
8.1
6.2
21.1

6.1
6.5
4.6
15.2

-

8.5
9.7
7.9
26.9

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

286
612
162

210
408
74

73.3
66.7
45.9

180
388
67

62.9
63.4
41.6

30
20
7

14.2
4.9
9.3

11.6
3.7
5.6

-

16.9
6.1
13.1

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,630
806
824
139

1,245
679
566
101

76.4
84.2
68.7
72.5

1,183
639
544
91

72.6
79.3
66.0
65.7

62
40
22
9

5.0
5.9
3.9
9.3

4.3
4.9
3.0
6.1

-

5.7
6.9
4.9
12.5

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,560
767
793
130

1,194
546
96

76.6
84 5
68.9
73.7

1,139
613
526
88

73.0
80.0
66.4
67.6

55
35
20
8

4.6
5.4
3.7
8.3

3.9
4.4
2.8
5.2

-

5.3
6.4
4.6
11.5

Single (never married).....................................
Mamed, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

465
948
217

386
718
141

82.9
75.8
64.9

360
693
129

77.4
73.2
59.6

26
25
11

6.6
3.5
8.1

5.2
2.7
5.6

-

8.1
4.3
10.7

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

2,037
970
1,067
187

1,317
770
547
96

64.6
79.4
51.2
51.4

1,257
739
518
81

61.7
76.2
48.5
43.2

60
31
29
15

4.5
4.0
5.2
16.0

3.9
3.2
4.1
11.9

-

5.2
4.9
6.3
20.0

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,877
895
983
169

1,215
715
500
90

64.7
79.9
50.9
53.1

1,161
686
475
77

61.8
76.7
48.3
45.5

54
29
25
13

4.4
4.0
5.0
14.2

3.7
3.2
3.9
10.1

-

5.1
4.9
6.1
18.2

Black ..................................................................

132

83

62.7

77

58.6

6

6.7

3.5

-

9.8

69.3
66.9
45.1

350
787
120

63.2
65.1
43.8

34
23
4

8.8
2.8
2.9

7.1
2.1
1.1

-

10.4
3.5
4.6

Milwaukee SMSA

Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA3

648

Nassau-Suffolk SMSA

Single (never married)......................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 ........................................

553
1,209
275

384
809
124

See footnotes at end of table.

92

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Unemployment

Employment

Percent of
population

Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

New York LMA3
.
-

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n .................................................................
W om en......................... ...................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

6,551
2,960
3,591
563

3,641
2,023
1,618
173

55.6
68.3
45.1
30.7

3,344
1,864
1,480
127

51.0
63.0
41.2
22.6

297
158
139
45

8.2
7.8
8.6
26.3

7.7
7.2
7.8
23.0

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

4,672
2,135
2,538
355

2,578
1,483
1,095
124

55.2
69.5
43.2
35.0

2,411
1,395
1,016
102

51.6
65.3
40.1
28.6

167
88
79
23

6.5
5.9
7.2
18.1

5.9
5.3
6.3
14.6

-

-

-

8.7
8.5
9.3
29.5
7.0
6.6
8.1
21.7

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

1,569
677
892

866
432
435

55.2
63.7
48.7

749
369
380

47.7
54.5
42.6

118
63
55

13.6
14.5
12.6

12.3
12.7
10.9

-

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

1,150
471
679

575
330
245

50.0
69.9
36.1

502
290
211

43.6
61.6
31.1

73
39
34

12.7
11.9
13.7

11.2
10.0
11.4

-

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

2,192
3,032
1,327

1,269
1,823
549

57.9
60.1
41.4

1,108
1,734
502

50.6
57.2
37.8

161
89
47

12.7
4.9
8.6

11.7
4.3
7.3

-

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,542
716
626
150

1,024
566
456
77

66.4
79.4
55.2
51.5

958
533
425
64

62.1
74.5
51.5
42.8

66
35
31
13

6.4
6.2
6.7
16.9

5.5
5.0
5.4
12.3

_
-

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years......... ...............

1,172
549
623
103

791
448
343
62

67.5
81.6
55.1
60.7

754
431
323
55

64.3
78.4
51.9
53.7

37
17
20
7

4.7
3.9
5.8
11,4

3.9
2.8
4.4
7.0

.
-

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

338
151
187

209
109
100

61.6
72.1
53.5

181
92
89

53.6
60.7
47.9

28
17
10

13.2
15.8
10.4

10.6
11.9
7.0

-

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

480
810
252

336
555
132

70.1
68.6
52.4

303
534
121

63.2
66.0
47.9

33
21
11

9.9
3.8
8.5

8.0
2.9
5.8

-

-

11.7
4.7
11.2

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

3,668
1,705
1,963
308

2,323
1,300
1,023
160

63.3
76.2
52.1
51.9

2,164
1,221
943
134

59.0
71.6
48.0
43.5

159
79
80
26

6.8
6.1
7.8
16.2

6.2
5.3
6.9
13.0

-

7.4
6.8
8.8
19.3

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

3,065
1,444
1,621
254

1,979
1,128
852
146

64.6
78.1
52.5
57.6

1,879
1,072
806
126

61.3
74.3
49.7
49.7

101
56
45
20

5.1
4.9
5.3
13.7

4.5
4.2
4.4
10.6

-

5.7
5.7
6.2
16.8

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

548
234
314

303
148
155

55.4
63.2
49.5

248
126
122

45.2
53.6
36.9

56
22
33

18.4
15.1
21.5

15.9
11.8
18.0

_ 20.8
- 18.4
- 25.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

1,005
2,010
653

683
1,330
310

68.0
66.2
47.4

608
1,282
274

60.5
63.8
42.0

75
49
35

11.0
3.6
11.4

9.7
3.1
9.4

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,777
840
937
132

1,007
589
417
65

56.6
70.2
44.5
49.5

884
514
371
49

49.8
61.1
39.6
37.2

122
76
46
16

12.1
12.9
11.1
24.9

11.0
11.3
9.4
19.4

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,654
784
870
120

931
550
381
59

56.3
70.2
43.8
49.4

828
484
345
47

50.1
61.7
39.6
39.0

103
66
37
13

11.1
12.0
9.6
21.2

9.9
10.5
7.9
15.6

-

-

-

14.8
16.4
14.4
14.2
13.8
16.1
13.7
5.4
9.9

Newark SMSA

-

-

-

7.3
7.3
8.1
21.5
5.6
4.9
7.3
15.9
15.8
19.6
13.9

Philadelphia SMSA

-

-

12.3
4.2
13.4

Pittsburgh SMSA

See footnotes at end of table.

93

_ 13.3
14.4
12.8
30.3
-

-

_ 12.2
13.6
- 11.3
26.7

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Unemployment

Employment
Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

19

26.8

Error range of
rate*

Pittsburgh SMSA—Continued
B la c k ..................................................................
Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

116

71

61.3

52

44.9

21.3

-

32.2
19.4
10.3
19.9

439
1,048
290

291
595
120

66.3
56.8
41.6

242
542
101

55.0
51.7
34.8

49
53
20

17.0
9.0
16.3

14.6
7.6
12.6

-

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,286
608
678
108

823
473
349
62

64.0
77.8
51.6
57.6

750
433
317
49

58.3
71.3
46.8
45.8

72
40
33
13

8.8
8.4
9.3
20.4

7.7
7.0
7.6
15.0

-

9.9
9.9
11.1
25.8

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,181
566
615
98

756
441
315
58

64.0
77.8
51.3
59.1

694
404
289
46

58.7
71.4
47.1
46.9

63
37
26
12

8.3
8.3
8.2
20.7

7.1
6.8
6.5
15.1

-

9.4
9.8
10.0
26.3

Black ..................................................................

73

49

66.9

40

54.2

9

18.9

12.8

-

25.1

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

213
/105
108

143
89
54

67.3
85.0
50.0

128
79
49

60.3
75.8
45.3

15
10
5

10.3
10.9
9.5

7.5
7.2
5.0

-

13.2
14.5
13.9

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

264
807
215

186
526
111

70.5
65.2
51.5

152
499
100

57.5
61.8
46.5

35
27
11

18.5
5.2
9.7

15.4
4.1
6.6

-

21.6
6.3
12.9

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,799
843
956
142

1,154
648
506
76

64.1
76.8
52.9
53.5

1,048
586
462
63

58.2
69.5
48.3
44.3

106
62
44
13

9.2
9.6
8.7
17.1

8.2
8.3
7.3
12.5

-

10.2
10.9
10.1
21.8

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,524
723
801
117

982
563
419
66

64.4
77.9
52.3
56.5

918
525
393
56

60.3
72.6
49.1
48.1

63
38
26
10

6.5
6.7
6.1
14.8

5.6
5.5
4.8
10.1

-

7.4
7.9
7.5
19.6

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

259
114
145

161
80
81

62.1
70.1
55.8

120
56
64

46.2
48.9
44.0

41
24
17

25.6
30.2
21.1

22.0
25.0
16.2

-

29.3
35.4
26.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

448
1,035
316

313
678
163

69.9
65.5
51.5

267
639
142

59.5
61.8
44.9

47
39
21

14.9
5.7
12.8

12.7
4.7
9.9

-

17.1
6.7
15.7

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,450
696
754
109

963
537
426
63

66.4
77.1
56.5
57.5

895
499
396
52

61.7
71.7
52.5
47.9

68
38
30
11

7.1
7.1
7.1
16.8

6.1
5.8
5.7
11.7

-

8.0
8.3
8.5
21.8

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,277
617
660
92

848
479
369
58

66.4
77.6
55.9
62.8

794
450
344
49

62.2
72.9
52.2
53.2

54
29
25
9

6.3
6.0
6.7
15.3

5.4
4.8
5.2
10.1

-

7.3
7.3
8.2
20.4

B la c k ..................................................................

89

61

68.9

51

57.5

10

16.6

11.3

-

21.9

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................

159
72

104
57

65.1
79.3

94
52

58.7
72.9

10
5

9.8
8.1

6.6
4.0

-

13.1
12.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

399
798
253

305
502
155

76.4
63.0
61.5

274
475
146

68.6
59.5
57.7

31
28
10

10.1
5.5
6.2

8.2
4.3
4.0

-

12.1
6.7
8.4

Riverside-San

Bernardlno-Ontario SMSA

St. Louis SMSA

San Diego SMSA

See footnotes at end of table.

94

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian non­
institutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Unemployment

Employment
Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate’

San Franclsco-Oakland SMSA
T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

2,667
1,285
1,382
171

1,872
1,030
841
91

70.2
80.2
60.9
53.3

1,754
959
795
78

65.8
74.6
57.6
45.3

118
71
46
14

6.3
6.9
5.5
14.9

5.6
6.0
4.6
10.9

-

6.9
7.8
6.4
19.0

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

1,998
974
1,024
115

1,411
791
620
72

70.6
81.3
60.5
62.5

1,333
745
588
63

66.7
76.5
57.4
54.7

78
46
32
9

5.5
5.8
5.1
12.5

4.8
4.9
4.1
8.2

-

6.2
6.8
6.1
16.8

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en ............................................................

295
135
160

189
99
90

64.1
73.7
56.1

165
84
82

56.0
62.0
51.0

24
16
8

12.7
15.9
9.1

10.0
11.9
5.6

-

15.4
20.0
12.6

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

182
95
87

131
81
49

71.9
85.7
56.7

119
75
45

65.7
78.6
51.5

11
7
4

8.6
8.2
9.1

5.8
4.8
4.5

-

11.3
11.7
13.7

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

807
1,320
540

630
915
328

78.0
69.3
60.7

566
879
310

70.2
66.6
57.3

63
36
18

10.1
3.9
5.5

8.7
3.2
4.1

-

11.4
4.7
7.0

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs .........................

1,024
514
510
94

741
426
315
56

72.4
82.9
61.7
59.7

702
406
296
49

68.6
78.9
58.1
52.8

39
21
18
7

5.3
4.8
5.8
11.6

4.3
3.6
4.3
6.9

-

6.2
6.0
7.3
16.4

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

882
437
445
83

635
360
275
50

72.0
82.4
61.8
60.9

607
347
260
45

68.8
79.5
58.3
54.0

28
13
15
6

4.4
3.5
5.6
11.3

3.5
2.4
4.0
6.4

-

5.3
4.6
7.2
16.3

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................

121
62

84
49

69.5
79.4

78
46

64.1
73.8

7
3

7.8
6.9

4.5
2.8

-

11.0
11.1

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

297
552
175

231
390
121

77.6
70.7
68.8

211
377
114

71.0
68.4
65.1

20
13
7

8.5
3.3
5.4

6.4
2.2
3.1

-

10.6
4.3
7.8

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,312
648
664
96

896
508
388
57

68.3
78.4
58.4
59.4

828
463
365
46

63.1
71.5
54.9
48.1

68
45
23
11

7.6
8.8
6.0
19.0

6.6
7.4
4.6
13.4

-

8.6
10.2
7.4
24.5

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

1,181
582
599
84

804
456
349
51

68.1
78.2
58.2
61.1

745
417
328
42

63.1
71.7
54.7
50.1

59
38
21
9

7.4
8.4
6.0
18.0

6.3
6.9
4.5
12.2

-

8.4
9.9
7.4
23.7

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

329
760
223

254
502
140

77.1
66.1
62.5

226
473
129

68.7
62.3
57.6

28
29
11

11.0
5.8
7.9

8.8
4.6
5.3

-

13.2
7.0
10.5

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

2,420
1,146
1,274
189

1,772
939
833
107

73.2
81.9
65.4
57.0

1,701
904
796
93

70.3
78.9
62.5
49.3

71
35
37
14

4.0
3.7
4.4
13.5

3.5
3.1
3.7
10.3

-

4.5
4.3
5.1
16.7

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

1,747
838
909
130

1,292
696
596
81

74.0
83.1
65.6
62.3

1,258
681
578
75

72.0
81.2
63.6
57.9

34
16
18
6

2.6
2.2
3.0
7.1

2.2
1.7
2.3
4.2

-

3.1
2.8
3.7
9.9

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

599
280
319

428
218
210

71.5
78.1
65.8

393
200
193

65.7
71.6
60.5

35
18
17

8.2
8.4
8.0

6.9
6.5
6.1

-

9.6
10.3
9.9

Hispanic origin...................................................

57

46

81.5

44

78.2

2

4.1

1.2

-

7.0

San Jose SMSA

Seattle-Everett SMSA

Washington D.C. SMSA

See footnotes at end of table.

93

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Employment
Number

Unemployment

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Washington D.C. SMSA-Contlnued
Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

749
1,282
389

569
943
259

76.0
73.6
66.7

527
924
250

70.4
72.0
64.2

42
20
10

7.3
2.1
3.8

6.2
1.6
2.6

-

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

600
277
323

346
189
157

57.7
68.4
48.5

314
169
145

52.3
61.1
44.8

32
20
12

9.3
10.7
7.6

7.6
8.2
5.4

-

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

276
139
136

159
99
60

57.6
70.6
44.3

149
94
55

54.2
67.4
40.7

9
5
5

5.9
4.6
8.2

3.8
2.2
4.3

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

312
131
181

181
88
93

57.9
66.8
51.4

158
72
86

50.6
54.8
47.4

23
16
7

12.7
17.9
7.8

9.9
13.4
4.6

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

213
227
160

126
149
71

59.1
65.7
44.5

105
143
66

49.4
63.0
41.1

21
6
5

16.5
4.1
7.6

12.9
2.3
4.1

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 18 to 19 yea rs.........................

2,274
1,039
1,235
183

1,338
726
611
69

58.8
69.9
49.5
37.9

1,144
622
522
43

50.3
59.8
42.3
23.5

193
104
89
26

14.5
14.4
14.6
38.0

13.4
12.9
13.0
32.9

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

1,292
596
696

776
432
343

60.1
72.6
49.3

703
391
312

54.4
65.6
44.9

73
42
31

9.4
9.6
9.0

8.2
8.0
7.3

-

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

901
402
499

510
264
246

56.6
65.7
49.2

394
204
191

43.8
50.7
38.2

115
60
55

22.6
22.8
22.4

20.6
20.0
19.5

.

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

255
134
120

168
106
62

65.9
78.8
51.5

141
90
51

55.5
67.2
42.5

26
16
11

15.8
14.8
17.5

12.7
11.0
12.3

-

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

782
983
509

492
620
225

62.9
63.1
44.2

388
566
190

49.7
57.6
37.3

104
54
35

21.1
8.8
15.7

19.1
7.5
13.1

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

414
193
221

224
124
101

54.2
64.0
45.6

186
101
85

45.0
52.3
38.6

38
23
15

17.0
18.3
15.3

14.1
14.5
11.4

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W o m en ............................................................

244
114
130

127
73
53

51.9
64.4
40.9

108
64
44

44.4
56.2
34.0

18
9
9

14.4
12.6
16.8

10.9
8.3
11.3

-

17.0
22.4

Black ..................................................................

165

94

57.2

75

45.6

19

20.3

15.7

-

24.9

-

8.4
2.6
4.9

Baltimore central city

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

-

11.1
13.1
10.1
8.0
6.9
12.1
15.5
22.3
10.9

_ 20.0
_
-

6.0
11.1

Chicago central city

_ 15.6
-

.
-

15.8
16.1
43.1

_ 10.6
-

-

-

11.2
10.8
24.6
25.6
25.2
18.8
18.5
22.7

_ 23.0
-

-

10.1
18.4

Cleveland central city

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................

112
189

65
111

58.5
59.0

47
100

42.4
52.8

18
12

27.4
10.6

21.8
7.3

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en ............................................................

735
358
377

546
299
248

74.3
83.4
65.7

521
286
235

70.9
79.9
62.3

25
13
13

4.7
4.2
5.2

3.6
2.9
3.6

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

541
262
278

405
224
180

74.8
85.5
64.8

392
219
173

72.5
83.3
62.2

13
6
7

3.2
2.5
4.0

2.2
1.3
2.3

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

183
89
94

132
68
64

72.0
76.1
68.1

119
61
58

65.1
68.4
62.0

13
7
6

9.6
10.2
8.9

6.6
6.0
4.8

_
-

19.8
22.1
19.3

_ 17.9

_ 33.0
-

13.9

-

5.7
5.5
6.8

Dallas central city

See footnotes at end of table.

96

-

_
-

-

_
-

-

4.2
3.8
5.6
12.5
14.4
13.0

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Number

Percent of
population

Unemployment

Employment
Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

Error range of
rate1

Dallas central city—Continued
Hispanic origin...................................................

72

53

74.6

51

71.7

2

3.9

0.9

-

7.0

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

225
354
156

180
252
115

79.8
71.0
73.8

166
244
110

73.9
69.0
70.6

13
7
5

7.4
2.9
4.3

5.2
1.7
2.1

-

9.6
4.1
6.5

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

813
375
438

429
239
190

52.8
63.9
43.2

329
182
148

40.5
48.5
33.7

100
58
42

23.2
24.1
22.1

21.0
21.2
18.9

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

282
138
144

143
87
55

50.6
63.2
38.5

129
78
51

45.8
56.2
35.7

14
10
4

9.6
11.0
7.4

6.8
7.3
3.4

B la c k ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

514
227
287

280
148
132

54.5
65.3
45.9

196
101
94

38.0
44.6
32.9

84
47
38

30.1
31.7
28.4

27.2
27.7
24.3

_ 33.0
- 35.6
- 32.5

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

289
310
214

170
167
93

58.6
53.7
43.4

112
148
69

38.8
47.7
32.4

57
19
24

33.8
11.2
25.4

30.3
8.5
20.8

_ 37.3
- 13.9
- 30.1

481
218
263
33

320
160
160
15

66.5
73.4
60.8
45.2

291
145
146
10

60.5
66.6
55.4
28.7

29
15
14
6

9.0
9.2
8.8
36.5

8.1
7.9
7.5
31.1

_

_

-

Detroit central city
_ 25.4
- 27.0
- 25.3
_
-

12.4
14.7
11.4

District of Columbia
Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

-

9.9
10.4
10.0
41.9

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

142
65
77

100
51
48

70.1
78.7
62.7

97
50
47

68.4
77.0
61.1

2
1
1

2.3
2.2
2.5

1.5
1.0
1.3

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

328
149
179
28

214
106
108
13

65.1
71.4
59.9
45.4

188
93
95
8

57.2
62.3
53.0
27.0

26
13
12
5

12.1
12.7
11.6
40.5

10.9
10.9
9.9
34.6

_ 13.4
- 14.4
- 13.3
- 46.5

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

204
157
120

147
103
70

72.0
65.7
58.3

128
99
65

62.7
62.8
53.9

19
4
5

12.9
4.4
7.5

11.4
3.2
5.8

-

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

1,365
668
697

971
559
413

71.2
83.7
59.2

893
514
378

65.4
77.0
54.3

79
44
34

8.1
7.9
8.3

7.1
6.6
6.7

_
-

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

939
467
471

667
401
266

71.0
85.8
56.4

635
380
255

67.6
81.3
54.0

32
21
11

4.8
5.2
4.2

3.8
3.9
2.8

_

_

-

3.2
3.3
3.8

_ 14.4
5.5
9.2
-

Houston central city

-

-

9.1
9.3
9.9
5.8
6.5
5.6

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

378
174
205

270
135
135

71.5
78.0
65.9

226
112
113

59.7
64.7
55.4

45
23
21

16.5
17.0
15.9

13.9
13.4
12.4

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

223
115
108

156
101
56

70.2
87.3
51.8

146
94
52

65.4
81.5
48.0

11
7
4

6.8
6.6
7.3

4.5
3.8
3.3

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

396
704
265

306
478
186

77.5
67.9
70.3

269
447
176

68.0
63.5
66.4

37
31
10

12.2
6.5
5.6

10.1
5.2
3.6

_ 14.3
7.8
7.5
-

474
223
251

294
161
133

62.0
72.2
52.9

262
139
123

55.3
62.4
48.9

32
22
10

10.9
13.7
7.5

8.8
10.6
4.9

_

63.8
74.6
54.1

215
115
100

58.1
66.1
51.0

21
16
8

8.8
11.3
5.8

8,7
8.2
3.2

_
-

19.1
20.7
19.5
9.2
9.4
11.2

Milwaukee central city
T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

370
174
195

236
130
106

See footnotes at end of table.

97

-

"

13.0
16.7
10.1
10,9
14.4
8.4

Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, and marital status, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Number

Percent of
population

Unemployment

Employment
Number

Percent of
population

Number

Rate

11

21.4

Error range of
rate1

Milwaukee central city—Continued
Black ..................................................................
Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................

89

49

55.4

39

43.6

15.1

-

27.7

_ 21.8

148
233

103
150

69.3
64.5

85
141

57.0
60.4

18
10

17.7
6.3

13.6
4.0

Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 ye a rs .........................

5,609
2,499
3,110
480

3,022
1,678
1,344
136

53.9
67.2
43.2
28.3

2,752
1,529
1,223
96

49.1
61.2
39.3
19.9

270
150
120
40

8.9
8.9
9.0
29.6

8.4
8.2
8.1
26.0

White ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.........................

3,846
1,727
2,119
283

2,034
1,174
860
91

52.9
68.0
40.6
32.2

1,888
1,094
794
72

49.1
63.3
37.5
25.4

146
80
66
19

7.2
6.9
7.7
21.1

6.6
6.1
6.7
16.9

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
Women ............................................................

1,481
637
844

812
407
405

54.8
63.8
48.0

701
345
355

47.3
54.2
42.1

111
62
50

13.7
15.1
12.2

12.4
13.2
10.5

-

Hispanic origin...................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

1,104
451
653

537
312
225

48.6
69.1
34.4

464
272
191

42.0
60.3
29.3

73
39
34

13.6
12.6
14.9

12.1
10.7
12.5

_ 15.1
- 14.6
- 17.4

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 3
.......................................

1,904
2,493
1,212

1,073
1,462
487

56.3
58.7
40.2

927
1,383
442

48.7
55.5
36.5

146
79
45

13.6
5.4
9.2

12.5
4.8
7.8

-

1,293
572
721
108

720
386
334
49

55.7
67.4
46.4
45.3

640
350
290
37

49.5
61.2
40.3
34.0

80
36
44
12

11.1
9.3
13.2
25.0

9.8
7.6
11.1
18.7

-

8.6

_

9.5
9.7
9.8
33.2

New York central city

-

_
-

-

7.8
7.7
8.6
25.3

_ 15.0
-

-

17.0
14.0

14.7
6.0
10.6

Philadelphia central city
Total ...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yea rs.........................

_
-

_
-

12.5
11.0
15.3
31.3

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W o m en ............................................................

841
376
464

482
267
215

57.4
71.0
46.3

448
249
200

53.4
66.1
43.0

34
18
15

7.0
6.9
7.2

5.7
5.1
5.2

Black ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W om en............................................................

429
186
243

220
110
110

51.3
59.2
45.2

175
93
82

40.7
49.9
33.8

45
17
28

20.5
15.8
25.3

17.5
11.9
20.9

_ 23.5
- 19.7
- 29.6

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................
Other marital status2 .......................................

385
604
304

234
362
124

60.8
60.0
40.7

194
343
103

50.4
56.8
33.8

40
19
21

17.1
5.2
17.0

14.5
3.9
13.3

-

T o ta l...................................................................
M e n ..................................................................
W o m en ............................................................

339
155
184

196
108
88

57.9
70.2
47.6

158
83
75

46.6
53.7
40.6

38
26
13

19.6
23.5
14.7

16.4
19.2
10.5

-

W h ite ..................................................................
M e n ..................................................................

195
89

110
63

56.5
71.3

96
54

49.2
60.6

14
9

13.0
14.9

9.4
10.0

_
-

16.6
19.9

Black ..................................................................

137

82

59.5

58

42.5

23

28.7

23.4

-

34.0

Single (never married).....................................
Married, spouse present.................................

108
142

71
80

65.6
56.5

51
69

47.6
48.8

19
11

27.4
13.6

22.0
9.4

_ 32.8
- 17.9

-

-

8.4
8.7
9.2

19.8
6.6
20.6

St. Louis central city

1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means
that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range
constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value
based on a complete census of the population would be contained within these er­
ror ranges.
2 “Other marital status” includes divorced, widowed, separated, and married with
spouse absent
3 These data are for the Labor Market Area (LMA) rather than the Standard Met­

_ 22.7
27.9
- 18.9

ropolitan Statistical Area for which estimates were published in earlier years. The
differences are discussed in appendix C, “Geographic Boundary Definitions”.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed per­
centages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

98

Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation,
1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and area

Total

Technical, sales, and administrative
support

Executive,
Technicians
administra­ Professional
and related
specialty
tive, and
support
managerial

Sales

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Precision
production,
Machine
Service
Administra­
Transporta­
operators,
occupations craft, and
tive sup­
tion and
repair
assemblers,
port, in­
material
cluding
and inspec­
moving
tors
clerical

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Metropolitan areas:2
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
A tlanta..................................................
Baltimore..............................................
Boston..................................................
Buffalo..................................................
Chicago.............................................„.
Cincinnati.............................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth...............................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis..........................................
Kansas City..........................................
LOs Angeles-Long B e a c h .................
M iam i....................................................
M ilwaukee...........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ...............
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N ew ark.................................................
Philadelphia ........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario ...
St. Louis...............................................
San D iego............................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San J o s e ..............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C.................. ................

1,070
1,181
1,097
1,502
561
3,513
689
903
1,841
1,019
1,968
1,818
626
708
3,782
861
682
1,239
1,306
3,590
1,014
2,301
993
813
1,141
957
1,861
736
889
1,762

190
173
130
185
ft
456
66
95
258
155
196
259
59
88
466
100
75
150
193
426
144
241
98
85
118
107
287
103
131
307

142
137
171
260
56
469
84
121
202
146
235
220
75
79
507
88
90
172
208
497
149
307
134
72
131
130
288
131
144
352

344
1,305
222
544
409
316
965
288
2,976
707
194

ft
125
(3)
89
(3)
46
124
ft
328
62

O
’)

ft

O
’)

1,029
1,137
1,035
1,445
502
3,251
627
826
1,772
976
1,785
1,707
586
667
3,521
806
636
1,183
1,257
3,344
958
2,164
884

186
171
127
179

139
136
167
253
52
460
81
119
200
143
230
212
72
76
483
86
86
168
204
478
144
302
126

O
’)
(3)
(3)
60

O
’)
104
,(3)
O')
54
46
61
66
ft
(3)
121
(3)
ft
50
(3)
68
(3)
72
(3)

O
’)

(3)
ft
63
ft
ft
69

173
149
122
169
76
439
84
108
246
124
242
274
74
92
437
112
76
137
176
372
109
285
130
108
136
132
257
83
119
185

175
205
176
279
93
643
123
144
310
187
335
290
95
130
704
166
113
224
225
809
194
437
160
132
212
138
329
125
140
335

109
134
175
201
98
452
99
125
215
181
296
201
88
69
445
131
107
183
155
570
132
298
142
119
173
141
220
74
107
217

126
148
117
155
70
362
75
112
234
113
222
248
88
86
444
97
83
143
151
321
92
267
132
136
132
117
201
89
95
151

59
69
57
85
ft
265
60
87
118
36
205
67
60
50
344
56
51
73
50
231
76
184
55
ft
78
51
69
51
ft
ft

ft
115
ft
73
ft
23
127

ft
134

ft
62

ft
72

ft
49

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

15
127
ft
258
71

61
ft
ft
ft
204
64

ft

ft

77
215
ft
71
94
66
124
57
493
110
52

ft
122

ft
303
83

59
266
ft
104
63
65
160
49
696
147

ft

ft

15
ft
ft
111
ft
ft

ft
102
ft
ft

168
146
117
164
74
415
78
101
235
119
222
260
71
87
408
106
72
133
171
345
104
269
123

170
196
168
272
87
595
116
133
300
180
308
275
91
124
666
160
107
216
216
756
181
414
146

102
127
165
192
87
400
86
108
202
120
259
180
80
81
409
117
98
173
149
527
124
270
127

ft
53
ft
45
ft
136

ft
63
ft
50
ft
163
ft
ft
93
40
76
92

ft
ft
78
ft
71
73
ft
ft
115
ft
ft

ft
ft
153
ft
ft
47

ft
125

ft
122
ft
98
ft
ft
51
ft
67

ft

ft
90
49
ft
51
ft
59
ft
ft
54

ft
ft
48

Cities:
Baltimore..............................................
Chicago..............................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Columbia...........................
Houston................................................
M ilwaukee............................................
New Y o rk ............................................
Philadelphia........................................
St. Louis...............................................

156
(3)
62

O
’)
57
125
(3)
397
86

ft
ft
ft

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
69
ft
ft

ft

ft

ft

13
54

EMPLOYED

Metropolitan areas:2
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
Atlanta .....................................
Baltimore ..................................
Boston .....................................
Buffalo .....................................
Chicago ....................................
Cincinnati .................................
Cleveland .................................
Dallas-Fort W orth .......................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis.........................................
Kansas C ity..........................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach .................
M iam i........ ...........................................
Milwaukee...........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ...............
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N ew ark.............................. .-.................
Philadelphia........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................

(3
)

437
63
92
253
151
187
254
58
87
454
95
72
146
188
416
140
235
93

.

ft

ft
ft

58

ft
100

ft
ft
53
46
59
63
ft
ft
116
ft
ft
49
ft
87
ft
66

ft

See footnotes at end of table.

99

120
143
109
148
61
332
67
101
227
108
201
232
81
81
408
92
75
134
144
298
86
250
110

57
64
52
80

ft
231
51
75
113
34
174
59
54
45
310
50
46
69
48
202
68
169
44

ft

51

ft
43

i

ft

57

ft
46

ft

ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

122

74
ft
63
66
ft
ft
103
ft
ft

ft
ft
110

ft

86
40

138

84
36
59
81

ft
ft
127
ft

ft

43
ft
101
ft
86

ft

Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation,
1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and area

Total

Technical, sales, and administrative
support

Executive,
Technicians
administra­ Professional
and related
tive, and
specialty
support
managerial

Sales

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Precision
production,
Service
Administra­
occupations craft, and
tive sup­
repair
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Machine
Transporta­
operators,
tion and
assemblers,
material
and inspec­
moving
tors

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

EMPLOYED—Continued

Metropolitan areas:2
Riverside-San Bemardino-Ontario ...
St. Louis...............................................
San D ieg o ...........................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San J o s e .............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C...................................

750
1,048
895
1,754
702
828
1,701

82
115
104
279
100
127
302

69
130
127
280
127
141
344

314
1,144
186
521
329
291
893
262
2,752
640
158

ft
116
ft
87
ft
45
120

ft
150
ft
61
ft
55
120

ft
319
60
ft

ft
380
83
ft

5
2
3
6

3
2
3
7
4
9
3
2
1
2
5
8
3
3
24
1
4
4
4
19
5
5
8
2
2
3
9
4
4
7

ft
ft
ft
61
ft
ft
68

100
126
125
246
78
111
179

122
202
128
314
121
133
322

107
149
130
202
71
98
204

ft
101
ft
70
ft
20
117
ft
280
75
ft

56
236
ft
101
55
60
153
46
646
134
ft

73
179
ft
65
76
59
107
51
453
97
41

5
3
5
5
2
24
6
7
10
6
20
14
3
5
29
7
4
5
5
27
4
17
7
8
10
7
12
5
8
6

6
10
8
7
6
48
7
11
10
7
26
15
4
6
38
6
6
8
9
53
13
23
14
9
10
9
15
4
7
12

7
7
11
9
11
52
12
16
13
10
37
21
7
9
37
14
10
10
6
43
8
28
15
12
24
11
18
3
9
14

3
30

5
35

126
119
107
185
84
87
146

ft

ft
106

ft
110
ft
ft
47
ft
ft
ft
178
56
ft

65
45
62
45
ft
ft

ft

ft

41

46
ft
50
ft
ft
53

ft
57
ft
ft
43

ft

ft

Cities:
Baltimore.............................................
Chicago................................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Colum bia...........................
Houston................................................
M ilwaukee...........................................
New Y o rk ............................................
Philadelphia........................................
St. Louis...............................................

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
67
ft
ft

ft
47
ft
13
117
ft
238
62
ft

56
ft
ft
ft
14
ft
ft
98
ft
ft

55
ft
ft
ft
10
46
ft
84
ft
ft

UNEMPLOYED

Metropolitan areas:2
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
Atlanta..................................................
Baltimore.............................................
Boston.................................................
Buffalo.................................................
C hicago...............................................
Cincinnati ............................................
Cleveland............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth...............................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis.........................................
Kansas City.........................................
Los Angeles-Long B e a c h .................
M iam i....................................................
Milwaukee...........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ................
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N e w ark.................................................
Philadelphia........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................
Riverside-San Bemardino-Ontario ...
St. Louis...............................................
San D ieg o ............................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San J o s e ..............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C...................................

41
44
61
57
59
262
62
76
68
43
183
111
40
41
262
55
47
56
50
246
55
137
109
63
94
63
107
34
61
62

(3)
19
3
4
5
4
8
5
2
2
12
5
3
4
6
10
4
6
5
3
4
3
8
3
4
6

ft
ft
ft
2
ft
4
ft
ft
1
ft
2
3
ft
ft
5
ft
ft
1
ft
2
ft
5
ft
ft
ft
ft
2
ft
ft
1

6
5
7
8
9
30
8
11
7
4
20
17
7
6
36
5
8
9
7
23
5
17
22
10
12
10
16
5
8
5

2
5
5
5

ft

ft
34
9
12
5
2
31
8
6
5
34
7
5
4
3
28
6
15
11
ft
13
6
7
6
ft
ft

ft

ft
ft
ft
ft

ft

ft

ft
2

ft

5
ft

2

4
ft

13
ft
ft

25

ft
ft

4

9
4
17
11

ft
8
8
ft
ft
12

14
ft
4
10
ft
5
ft
8
ft
ft

ft
ft
25
ft
ft
4
ft
20
ft
12
ft
ft
10
ft
10
ft
ft

1

6

Cities:
Baltimore..............................................
C hicago................................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Columbia...........................
Houston................................................
M ilwaukee............................................
New Y o rk .............................................
Philadelphia ........................................
St. Louis...............................................

30
161
36
23
80
25
72
26
224
67
36

ft

ft

ft

9

ft

1

0

1
ft

1
4
(3)

2
6
ft

9
2
ft

ft

6

18
3
ft

ft

ft
ft

13

ft

3

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

2
8
5
7
3
50
13

ft
3
10
ft
2

ft
ft

ft

24
8

ft

See footnotes at end of table.

100

ft

ft

6
18
7
18
6
40
14
12

ft
16

ft

2

ft
15

ft
2
10
ft
21
9
ft

ft

24

ft

7
ft
ft
ft

17

ft
ft
ft

1

ft
ft
ft

ft
ft
26
8

ft

3
8
ft

13
ft

ft

18
ft

ft

Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation,
1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty

Employment status and area

Total

Technical, sales, and administrative
support

Executive,
Technicians
administra­ Professional
and related
tive, and
specialty
support
managerial

Sales

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Precision
Service
production,
Administra­
occupations craft, and
tive sup­
repair
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Machine
Transporta­
operators,
tion and
assemblers,
material
and inspec­
moving
tors

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE

Metropolitan areas:1
2
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
Atlanta..................................................
Baltimore..............................................
Boston..................................................
Buffalo..................................................
Chicago................................................
Cincinnati .............................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth...............................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis.........................................
Kansas City.........................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach .................
M iam i....................................................
Milwaukee............................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ................
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N e w ark.................................................
Philadelphia ........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario ...
St. Louis...............................................
San D iego............................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San J o s e ..............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C...................................

3.8
3.7
5.6
3.8
10.5
7.5
9.1
8.5
3.7
4.2
9.3
6.1
6.4
5.8
6.9
6.4
6.8
4.6
3.8
6.8
5.5
5.9
11.0
7.8
8.2
6.5
5.7
4.6
6.9
3.5

2.4
.9
2.0
3.2
(3)
4.2
4.6
3.8
1.9
2.4
4.3
2.0
2.6
2.0
2.6
4.9
3.9
2.7
2.9
2.5
2.7
2.6
5.1
3.5
3.0
2.8
2.9
3.1
2.8
1.8

2.0
1.2
2.0
2.7
7.6
1.9
3.6
1.8
.7
1.6
2.1
3.7
3.8
3.4
4.8
1.7
3.9
2.1
2.0
3.9
3.2
1.6
5.6
3.0
1.2
2.2
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.1

8.8
12.4
16.2
4.2
19.5
7.8
7.5
9.1
7.5
9.4
18.6

(3)
7.4
ft
1.4
(3)
1.9
3.2
(3)
2.7
3.5
ft

ft
3.8
(3)
1.6
(3)
3.6
4.6

ft
ft

2.8
2.3
4.2
2.8
2.8
5.5
7.7
6.4
4.2
4.4
8.4
5.2
4.2
5.5
6.7
6.0
5.6
3.5
2.6
7.2
3.9
5.9
5.7
7.4
7.1
5.1
4.5
5.5
6.8
3.5

3.3
4.8
4.5
2.4
6.2
7.4
6.1
7.6
3.3
3.7
7.9
5.0
4.2
4.5
5.4
3.8
5.5
3.7
4.1
6.5
6.8
5.3
8.6
7.2
4.7
6.9
4.6
2.9
5.2
3.7

6.4
5.5
6.1
4.6
11.5
11.5
12.6
13.0
6.1
8.0
12.4
10.3
8.5
9.6
8.2
10.4
8.9
5.4
3.8
7.5
6.3
9.5
10.9
10.0
13.7
7.7
8.1
4.4
8.3
6.2

4.7
3.6
6.2
4.9
13.3
8.4
10.8
10.0
3.1
3.8
9.2
6.7
7.4
6.7
8.1
4.9
9.8
6.6
4.5
7.2
5.7
6.3
16.8
7.2
9.2
8.8
7.8
5.4
8.8
3.3

ft
11.8
ft
3.8

4.8
11.3
ft
2.3
12.2
7.1
4.3
6.0
7.2
8.6
ft

5.9
16.5
ft
8.4
19.5
11.2
14.3
10.1
8.1
12.5
22.1

ft
12.9
ft
4.8

ft
3.4
ft
3.8
ft
ft
2.0
.9
3.0
4.6
ft
ft
3.9
ft
ft
2.4
ft
1.8
ft
7.3
ft
ft
ft
ft
2.7
ft
ft
1.4

4.2
6.8
8.6
5.9
ft
12.8
15.1
13.6
4.6
5.2
15.2
11.6
9.3
10.0
9.9
12.0
10.4
4.9
5.0
12.3
10.5
8.2
20.3
ft
16.8
11.2
9.7
11.7
ft
ft

ft
3.9
ft

ft

14.1
ft
ft
2.5

8.5
ft
8.1
ft
15.6
ft
ft
9.3
10.1
22.6
11.9
ft
ft
16.6
ft
ft
9.4
ft
16.8
ft
12.2
ft
ft
19.4
ft
14.8
ft
ft
11.4

ft
10.4
ft

ft
23.2
ft

5.5
ft
ft
11.7
ft
ft

21.9
15.5
ft
18.0
ft
ft

4.1
ft
9.6
ft

ft

5.1
ft
10.9
10.5
ft
ft
10.8
ft
ft
ft
ft
11.5
ft
4.8
19.3
ft
10.3

ft

Cities:
Baltimore..............................................
C hicago................................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Colum bia...........................
Houston................................................
M ilwaukee............................................
New Y o rk .............................................
Philadelphia ........................................
St. Louis...............................................

(3)
4.4
3.5
ft

ft
ft
ft

ft
ft

ft

ft
ft
ft
2.4
ft
ft

ft
7.8
9.8
ft

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 All are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas except those labeled Labor Market
Areas (LMA's). The differences are discussed in appendix C, “Geographic Boundary
Definitions".
3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

12.0
7.6

ft

12.4
7.9
ft
7.9
12.8
ft

ft
18.1
ft

ft

24.0
ft
ft
ft
12.8
13.0
ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.
4 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.

101

Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984
annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Total
employed

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Managerial and
professional specialty

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Technicia­
Profession­
ns and
administra­
al spe­
related
tive, and
cialty
support
managerial

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Sales

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
repair
assem­
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

TOTAL

Metropolitan areas:1
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore...........................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago ..............................................
Cincinnati...........................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth.............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston.............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity .......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
M iam i..................................................
Milwaukee .........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ..............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
Newark ..............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
St. Louis.............................................
San D ie g o .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland ...................
San J o s e ...........................................
Seattle-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

1,029
1,137
1,035
1,445
502
3,251
627
826
1,772
976
1,785
1,707
586
667
3,521
806
636
1,183
1,257
3,344
958
2,164
884
750
1,048
895
1,754
702
828
1,701

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

18.0
15.0
12.3
12.4
8.6
13.4
10.1
11.1
14.3
15.5
10.5
14.9
9.9
13.0
12.9
11.7
11.3
12.3
14.9
12.4
14.6
10.9
10.5
11.0
11.0
11.7
15.9
14.3
15.3
17.7

13.5
11.9
16.2
17.5
10.3
14.2
12.9
14.3
11.3
14.7
12.9
12.4
12.4
11.4
13.7
10.7
13.6
14.2
16.2
14.3
15.0
13.9
14.3
9.2
12.4
14.2
15.9
18.1
17.0
20.2

2.8
3.2
3.5
4.0
3.0
3.1
4.7
2.5
3.0
4.7
3.3
3.7
3.7
2.4
3.3
1.8
3.2
4.1
3.3
2.6
4.0
3.1
3.8
2.2
3.2
3.5
3.5
4.8
3.2
4.0

16.3
12.9
11.3
11.3
14.8
12.8
12.4
12.2
13.3
12.2
12.4
15.2
12.1
13.1
11.6
13.1
11.3
11.2
13.6
10.3
10.9
12.4
13.9
13.3
12.1
14.0
14.0
11.1
13.4
10.5

16.5
17.2
16.2
18.8
17.4
18.3
18.4
16.1
16.9
18.4
17.3
16.1
15.6
18.5
18.9
19.8
16.9
18.3
17.2
22.6
18.9
19.1
16.5
16.3
19.3
14.3
17.9
17.3
16.1
19.0

9.9
11.1
15.9
13.3
17.3
12.3
13.7
13.1
11.4
12.3
14.5
10.6
13.7
12.1
11.6
14.5
15.4
14.6
11.9
15.8
12.9
12.5
14.3
14.3
14.2
14.5
11.5
10.1
11.8
12.0

11.6
12.5
10.6
10.2
12.1
10.2
10.6
12.2
12.8
11.1
11.3
13.6
13.8
12.1
11.6
11.5
11.8
11.3
11.4
8.9
9.0
11.6
12.4
16.9
11.4
12.0
10.6
11.9
10.5
8.6

5.5
5.7
5.1
5.5
7.4
7.1
8.1
9.1
6.4
3.5
9.7
3.5
9.2
6.7
8.8
6.2
7.2
5.8
3.8
6.1
7.1
7.8
5.0
5.1
6.2
5.0
3.5
6.4
4.2
1.5

1.8
4.5
3.9
3.0
4.1
3.8
3.8
3.8
4.2
3.1
3.6
3.9
3.3
5.0
2.9
4.5
4.9
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.2
4.0
4.5
4.4
4.4
3.4
2.9
2.6
3.3
3.1

3.1
5.0
3.6
3.2
4.0
4.2
4.2
3.8
4.8
3.7
3.3
4.7
4.2
4.8
3.6
4.8
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.0
3.7
4.0
4.1
4.0
3.9
4.5
3.2
2.2
3.7
2.5

314
1,144
186
521
329
291
893
262
2,752
640
158

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

7.4
10.1
6.6
16.8
4.9
15.5
13.4
7.7
11.6
9.3
4.6

11.7
13.1
10.9
11.7
10.1
18.7
13.4
12.3
13.8
12.9
9.2

3.4
2.6
1.9
2.8
2.0
2.9
3.6
2.7
2.4
2.7
4.1

7.1
8.9
11.4
13.5
7.0
7.0
13.1
8.9
10.2
11.7
7.3

17.8
20.7
16.4
19.4
16.7
20.7
17.2
17.7
23.5
20.9
18.5

23.2
15.7
18.1
12.6
22.9
20.3
11.9
19.5
16.5
15.1
25.9

8.8
9.3
11.2
9.0
12.4
4.6
13.1
11.9
8.6
9.6
9.6

6.9
9.6
13.5
5.3
14.2
1.4
3.9
7.8
6.5
8.7
9.7

7.3
4.9
4.0
3.0
5.2
4.9
4.2
7.0
3.6
3.8
4.0

5.2
4.8
5.4
4.8
4.2
3.4
5.1
3.6
3.1
4.9
5.3

581
631
582
783
277
1,823
347
470
1,033
525
1,010
1,015
332
378
1,967
447
355
639
739
1,864
533
1,221
514

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

20.9
16.6
14.5
14.5
11.2
16.3
13.6
13.1
16.3
16.1
12.3
18.0
11.5
14.9
14.4
13.6
14.0
16.1
18.4
14 6
18.0
13.7
13.8

14.0
12.0
15.7
17.3
8.8
12.9
12.6
11.8
10.1
15.9
11.9
11.8
11.1
10.3
13.7
9.6
11.9
14.2
14.8
12 3
14.9
12.3
13.3

3.1
3.0
3.4
3.6
2.4
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.0
5.4
3.8
3.3
3.8
1.9
3.5
2.0
3.2
4.3
3.0
27
3.8
2.8
3.4

16.7
12.8
10.6
10.5
13.8
12.3
12.1
10.8
13.2
12.2
10.6
15.0
10.0
12.1
11.5
13.1
10.0
11.2
12.8
11 1
10.9
12.4
12.2

5.3
5.9
7.0
8.3
6.7
7.1
7.3
6.7
6.0
5.8
6.5
4.4
5.6
6.4
8.1
7.8
5.1
5.7
6.8

7.4
7.9
11.9
11.4
12.0
10.8
9.5
9.9
8.4
8.8
10.9
7.4
10.0
9.9
9.2
12.1
12.6
10.0
10.6
15 B
11.3
10.2
10.1

18.0
19.9
17.4
17.2
20.4
16.1
17.9
20.3
20.2
19.2
18.3
21.4
22.7
19.4
18.0
19.4
19.8
19.3
18.3
14 6

5.9
5.8
5.9
6.2
10.4
8.0
10.3
10.6
6.5
4.4
13.4
4.1
11.3
7.7
9.5
4.7
8.0
6.5
3.9
5.1

2.8
7.6
6.5
5.2
6.5
6.2
6.1
5.7
6.8
5.1
5.7
5.5
5.1
8.5
4.7
7.7
8.6
5.6
5.1
5

14.6
19.2
20.7

7.5
8.5
5.9

5.5
6.5
7.5

4.4
7.0
5.2
4.8
6.3
6.0
6.0
5.6
6.9
5.9
5.1
7.1
5.8
7.4
5.6
7.5
4.9
5.4
5.2
48
5.4
5.8
6.3

Cities:
Baltimore...........................................
C hicago.............................................
Cleveland ..........................................
D allas.................................................
Detroit................................................
District of Columbia .........................
Houston..............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................
Men

Metropolitan areas:1
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore............................................
B oston................................................
B uffalo................................................
C hicago..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
C leveland...........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth .............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston..............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity.......................................
Los Angeles-Long B each...............
Miami ..................................................
Milwaukee .........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ..............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
Newark ...............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
See footnotes at end of table.

102

1 .2
2
7
.0
7.3
5.9

j

Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984
annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total
employed

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Managerial and
professional specialty

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Technicia­
Profession­
ns and
administra­
al spe­
related
tive, and
cialty
support
managerial

Sales

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
repair
assem­
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

Men—Continued

Metropolitan areas:1
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
St. Louis.............................................
San D ie g o ..........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ............................................
Seattle-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

433
586
499
959
406
463
904

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

12.2
13.2
13.2
16.2
16.4
17.9
19.2

9.8
12.7
15.2
16.1
21.3
18.2
21.6

1.7
2.6
3.0
3.6
5.7
2.9
4.4

10.7
10.9
12.6
13.6
10.9
12.8
9.7

4.5
6.8
4.8
7.2
5.9
4.8
7.0

10.4
10.0
11.0
10.1
8.1
8.8
10.8

27.2
19.3
18.7
17.8
16.3
16.9
15.1

5.7
7.8
4.7
4.0
6.6
4.5
1.4

6.9
7.4
5.4
4.9
3.7
4.9
5.3

5.7
6.3
7.0
5.1
3.0
5.9
4.2

169
622
101
286
182
145
514
139
1,529
350
83

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

8.9
10.6
6.6
18.7
4.9
16.1
15.3
9.1
13.4
12.1
5.4

10.3
12.2
8.0
12.0
9.8
20.6
13.3
8.7
12.0
11.3
9.2

2.2
2.6
3.5
2.4
1.6
2.5
2.9
2.5
2.4
2.5
4.0

6.1
7.9
9.5
14.3
2.6
6.2
12.3
6.1
10.9
11.4
5.0

9.1
9.1
9.0
7.2
6.9
9.2
6.3
6.6
13.3
8.3
8.5

19.4
16.1
12.7
11.6
17.2
19.0
9.0
17.3
16.8
14.7
19.0

15.4
14.2
18.9
15.2
20.0
8.6
21.2
21.4
14.2
16.6
17.2

7.1
11.4
16.3
5.7
20.9
1.2
4.4
8.7
5.2
8.7
12.0

12.6
8.5
6.4
4.8
8.5
9.2
5.9
13.1
6.2
6.9
7.4

7.8
7.0
7.8
6.7
6.8
6.1
7.6
5.3
4.9
7.0
8.5

448
506
453
662
225
1,428
279
356
739
450
775
692
254
289
1,553
359
281
544
518
1,480
425
943
371
317
462
396
795
296
365
796

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

14.3
13.0
9.4
10.0
5.5
9.7
5.7
8.4
11.3
14.8
8.2
10.3
7.7
10.5
11.0
9.4
7.9
7.9
10.0
9.7
10.4
7.2
5.9
9.4
8.2
9.7
15.5
11.3
12.1
16.0

12.9
11.8
16.8
17.7
12.2
15.8
13.4
17.7
12.9
13.2
14.2
13.4
14.0
12.8
13.8
12.1
15.8
14.2
18.3
16.8
15.2
16.0
15.6
8.4
12.0
12.9
15.8
13.8
15.4
18.6

2.4
3.5
3.7
4.5
3.7
3.0
6.5
2.1
2.9
3.9
2.7
4.2
3.6
3.0
3.0
1.5
3.0
3.9
3.7
2.5
4.2
3.4
4.4
3.0
3.9
4.1
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.5

15.8
12.9
12.2
12.3
16.0
13.3
12.8
14.2
13.4
12.2
14.8
15.5
14.9
14.3
11.6
13.0
12.8
11.2
14.7
9.4
10.8
12.4
16.3
16.8
13.6
15.7
14.4
11.4
14.1
11.5

31.0
31.3
28.0
31.2
30.6
32.6
32.2
28.5
32.2
33.2
31.4
33.3
28.7
34.5
32.7
34.8
31.7
33.0
32.0
35.7
33.8
34.4
31.2
32.4
35.2
26.3
30.7
32.8
30.4
32.5

13.2
15.3
21.0
15.5
23.7
14.2
19.1
17.4
15.7
16.4
19.3
15.3
18.6
15.0
14.6
17.6
18.9
20.1
13.8
15.7
14.9
15.4
20.2
19.5
19.6
18.9
13.2
12.8
15.6
13.3

3.4
3.3
1.7
2.0
1.9
2.7
1.7
1.4
2.4
1.7
2.1
2.1
2.3
2.5
3.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
1.7
1.8
2.1
1.6
.8
2.7
1.4
3.5
1.9
5.9
2.4
1.2

5.0
5.5
4.0
4.8
3.8
5.9
5.4
7.0
6.2
2.5
4.9
2.5
6.5
5.3
7.9
8.0
6.2
5.0
3.6
7.3
6.6
6.9
3.7
4.4
4.1
5.4
3.0
6.1
3.8
1.6

.4
.6
.7
.4
1.2
.7
.9
1.3
.5
.8
.8
1.5
.8
.5
.6
.5
.2
.8
1.0
.3
.3
.6
.4
1.1
.6
.9
.5
1.0
1.3
.6

1.4
2.6
1.5
1.3
1.3
2.0
1.9
1.4
1.8
1.2
1.0
1.3
2.1
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.6
1.5
1.0
.8
1.4
1.7
1.0
1.6
.9
1.2
.9
1.1
.8
.6

145
522
85
235
148
146
378
123
1,223
290
75

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

5.7
9.6
6.5
14.5
4.9
14.9
10.8
6.2
9.4
6.0
3.8

13.4
14.2
14.4
11.5
10.5
16.9
13.6
16.3
16.0
14.9
9.1

4.8
2.7
.1
3.3
2.5
3.3
4.5
2.9
2.5
2.9
4.2

8.3
10.0
13.5
12.5
12.3
7.8
14.2
12.1
9.2
12.0
9.9

28.0
34.4
25.2
34.4
28.8
32.3
32.0
30.4
36.2
36.1
29.4

27.7
15.2
24.4
13.7
30.0
21.5
15.9
22.0
16.1
15.6
33.5

1.0
3.5
2.0
1.4
2.9
.6
2.2
1.1
1.7
1.2
1.1

6.7
7.5
10.2
4.8
5.9
1.6
3.1
6.9
8.0
8.7
7.2

1.2
.6
1.2
.9
1.1
.5
1.9

2.1
2.3
2.5
2.5
.9
.6
1.7
1.6
.8
2.3
1.7

Cities:
Baltimore............................................
Chicago ..............................................
Cleveland ..........................................
D allas..................................................
Detroit.................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston..............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................

Women

Metropolitan areas:1
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore...........................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth.............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston..............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity.......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach...............
M iam i..................................................
Milwaukee .........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ...............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
Newark ..............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
Riverside-San Bemardino-Ontario .
St. Louis.............................................
San D ie g o .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ...........................................
Seattle-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

Cities:
Baltimore............................................
Chicago.............................................
Cleveland..........................................
Dallas..................................................
Detroit.................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston.............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New Y o rk ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................
See footnotes at end of table.

103

<*)
.2
.1
.2

Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984
annual averages—Continued
(Percent distrtbution)
Total
employed

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Managerial and
professional specialty

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Technicia­
Profession­
administra­
ns and
al spe­
tive, and
related
cialty
managerial
support

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Sales

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
repair
assem­
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

White

Metropolitan areas:1
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore...........................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago.............................................
Cincinnati...........................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth.............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston.............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity.......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach...............
Miami ..................................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ...............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
Newark ..............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
St. Louis.............................................
San D ieg o ..........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ............................................
Seattle-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

955
878
791
1,359
468
2,702
558
703
1,549
903
1,520
1,417
532
594
2,833
644
590
1,139
1,161
2,411
754
1,879
828
694
918
794
1,333
607
745
1,258

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

18.1
16.9
13.2
12.6
8.9
14.7
10.6
12.2
15.3
16.0
11.4
16.6
10.0
13.5
13.2
13.1
11.8
12.5
15.5
14.7
16.3
11.7
10.5
11.1
12.3
12.3
17.3
15.2
15.8
19.7

13.3
12.7
17.1
17.8
10.5
14.6
13.8
15.3
12.2
15.1
13.4
13.0
12.5
11.6
14.1
11.0
14.2
14.2
16.4
15.7
16.0
14.1
14.1
9.5
12.7
14.7
16.6
18.1
17.6
23.2

2.7
3.2
3.3
3.7
2.6
2.8
4.2
2.7
3.1
4.7
3.5
3.7
3.6
2.3
3.1
2.0
3.3
4.1
3.2
2.6
3.8
3.0
3.8
2.3
3.3
3.2
3.3
4.3
3.3
4.1

16.6
14.6
12.4
11.8
15.5
13.7
13.1
12.5
14.0
12.7
13.2
16.3
12.9
14.2
12.0
14.5
11.7
11.5
14.2
11.9
12.6
12.9
14.5
13.3
12.7
14.9
14.9
11.8
14.0
11.8

16.7
18.1
15.9
18.7
17.0
17.7
17.5
15.7
16.5
18.4
17.6
15.8
15.4
18.1
17.8
19.6
17.6
18.0
16.9
21.6
19.3
19.4
16.1
15.6
19.5
13.7
16.5
17.0
15.7
17.6

9.8
7.7
12.9
12.6
16.9
11.3
12.4
11.2
9.6
11.6
12.5
8.4
11.7
11.0
*11.1
13.0
13.9
14.4
11.2
12.2
10.9
11.4
13.9
13.8
11.6
13.6
10.4
10.9
10.8
9.0

11.8
14.0
11.9
10.5
12.5
10.8
11.0
12.8
13.2
11.0
11.4
14.2
14.8
12.3
12.2
11.3
11.6
11.4
11.8
9.5
9.3
11.8
12.4
17.4
12.1
12.3
10.9
11.5
10.8
8.8

5.3
4.4
4.8
5.2
7.0
6.3
8.2
8.6
5.9
3.4
8.8
3.4
9.2
6.6
9.2
6.2
7.0
5.6
3.4
5.4
5.3
7.3
5.2
4.9
6.1
4.3
2.8
5.2
3.9
1.0

1.8
3.5
3.5
3.0
4.2
3.2
3.9
3.4
3.9
2.9
3.5
2.9
3.4
5.0
2.8
3.8
4.3
3.5
3.3
2.9
2.8
3.7
4.6
4.5
4.3
3.5
2.9
2.6
3.5
1.8

3.1
4.0
3.4
3.2
3.9
4.2
4.2
3.7
4.4
3.6
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.5
3.6
4.6
3.4
3.6
3.2
2.8
3.0
3.8
4.2
4.1
3.3
4.3
3.2
2.1
3.2
2.0

149
703
108
392
129
97
635
215
1,888
448
96

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

9.2
12.4
9.5
20.7
4.7
25.2
16.3
8.4
14.1
11.1
7.2

15.9
14.2
14.0
14.2
13.6
37.3
15.7
13.7
15.6
13.4
10.3

2.6
2.3
1.8
2.8
1.7
3.7
3.6
2.8
2.4
2.4
5.3

8.3
9.2
12.3
14.8
6.3
10.5
13.9
9.6
12.0
12.6
6.5

16.3
19.2
16.3
18.1
16.9
10.8
15.8
19.9
22.2
21.9
18.4

15.7
14.1
10.7
9.6
19.0
9.1
8.1
16.3
12.4
12.6
18.5

11.4
10.8
12.1
9.1
14.3
.9
14.7
11.9
9.3
9.8
11.9

6.2
9.0
14.1
4.5
12.7
.4
4.0
7.3
5.9
8.0
11.3

8.3
3.2
1.9
1.6
6.2
.7
2.6
5.5
3.1
3.4
4.9

5.3
5.2
6.2
3.6
3.6
.6
4.1
3.6
2.7
4.4
4.6

246
220
69
455
66
118
185
52
243
236
66
355
156
77
749
181
248
52
120
51
165
393

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

7.7
9.5
10.0
7.1
5.4
4.5
5.2
7.1
5.4
5.9
9.0
8.9
6.1
6.5
6.3
8.2
5.2
10.1
1.2
8.9
12.5
11.6

9.5
12.1
10.5
9.6
5.1
8.0
3.0
6.7
9.5
5.7
8.6
8.7
8.6
6.1
9.1
8.8
10.2
13.1
7.9
7.4
10.3
11.0

3.2
3.7
8.2
2.9
8.1
1.6
2.4
6.6
2.1
2.9
2.9
2.9
.9
4.2
2.3
3.5
3.1
3.6
2.8
4.4
1.9
3.8

6.5
5.9
4.1
8.2
7.4
9.9
7.5
5.1
7.1
9.2
4.2
7.7
7.4
3.6
5.4
4.5
7.9
6.1
7.7
5.8
10.1
5.7

14.1
18.2
20.5
23.3
25.8
19.1
21.4
24.6
16.2
19.6
23.2
28.7
21.6
24.0
28.7
17.4
18.3
23.6
18.3
27.2
23.5
24.7

23.7
25.9
23.2
18.1
25.2
25.3
25.7
21.3
25.3
21.6
20.7
17.8
21.1
23.4
26.3
21.9
20.3
22.2
31.2
25.2
20.6
20.6

7.4
6.8
6.9
7.5
8.3
8.9
9.1
11.5
11.2
11.3
10.2
10.2
12.3
7.8
7.8
8.3
10.4
12.6
6.7
9.2
6.1
7.7

10.4
6.1
10.9
10.3
8.0
11.2
9.1
3.0
14.9
3.3
8.3
5.2
5.8
10.4
5.7
14.9
12.2
2.4
7.0
4.8
4.3
2.7

7.7
5.9
3.2
7.9
2.8
6.8
7.8
7.8
4.0
10.1
5.6
5.4
7.6
6.1
4.5
5.2
6.3
3.4
5.3
4.3
5.1
7.1

8.8
4.6
2.7
4.7
3.7
4.8
7.6
6.4
3.9
9.5
7.0
3.5
5.8
7.7
3.7
6.9
6.0
2.8
9.1
3.0
4.1
4.4

Cities:
Baltimore...........................................
Chicago.............................................
Cleveland ..........................................
D allas.................................................
Detroit................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston.............................................
Milwaukee .........................................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................
Black

Metropolitan areas:1
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore............................................
Boston................................................
Chicago..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth.............................
Denver-Boulder................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston..............................................
Kansas C ity .......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
M ia m i..................................................
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
N e w a rk ...............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh...........................................
St. Louis.............................................
San D ie g o ..........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
Washington D.C.................................
See footnotes at end of table.

104

Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1984
annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total
employed

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Managerial and
professional specialty

Operators, fabricators, and
laborers

Technical, sales, and
administrative support

Executive,
Technicia­
Profession­
ns and
administra­
al spe­
related
tive, and
cialty
support
managerial

Sales

Administra­
tive sup­
port, in­
cluding
clerical

Service
occupa­
tions

Precision
production, Machine
craft, and operators,
assem­
repair
blers, and
inspectors

Transpor­
tation and
material
moving

Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and labor­
ers

Black—Continued

Cities:
Baltimore...........................................
Chicago .............................................
Cleveland............... .
Dallas....
...........
Detroit.................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......
St. Louis.............................................

158
394
75
119
196
188
226
701
175
58

100.0
100.0
100.0
100 0
100 0
100.0
1000
1000
100.0
100.0

6.0
6.1
2.2
4.3
5.1
10.6
6.2
6.1
5.0
.3

7.8
9.9
6.7
3.0
7.6
9.4
5.7
8.5
98
5.4

3.5
2.8
2.3
2.4
2.2
2.6
2.6
2.3
3.1
2.4

4.5
8.2
8.2
9.2
7.2
5.2
10.0
5.2
9.2
9.2

20.0
23.9
17.2
24.7
16.9
26.1
21.9
29.9
18.7
19.8

30.1
18.0
29.3
22.2
25.4
25.1
22.2
26.3
21.2
35.8

6.6
7.1
10.4
8.9
11.4
6.5
10.1
7.5
10.0
6.5

7.9
10.3
12.2
7.7
15.0
1.8
3.0
5.5
11.1
7.8

6.7
8.5
7.3
7.9
4.5
7.2
9.2
4.5
5.2
2.7

5.3
4.8
4.5
8.9
4.4
4.8
8.6
3.8
6.5
6.8

121
213
125
80
228
842
354
502
128
94
119
78
44

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4.8
44
4.9
7.4
6,5
4.2
96
6.6
7.0
7.2
9.3
9.1
17.8

29
4,6
6.7
5.1
3.4
4.4
7.9
4,6
5.3
6.3
6.2
5.0
22.2

2.0
2.0
1.2
3.0
1.2
2.4
1.0
2.3
1.7
1.5
3.0
4.3
3.4

8.7
6.0
4.9
8,4
10.5
7.3
14,6
7.2
9.4
8.0
13.3
7.2
5.7

14.5
14.4
8.1
22.1
14.1
15.2
19 8
21.3
9.9
11.3
14.3
15.3
12.6

17.4
20.1
15.9
197
18.2
16.9
12.1
22.9
13.9
22.2
15.2
16.9
28.5

17.9
11.8
20.8
13.6
21.5
15.7
12.3
10.2
17.2
10.0
16.6
13.2
3.8

17.0
22.6
13.7
6.3
6.4
21.5
10.4
15.3
12.2
9.4
8.8
14.7
2.0

5.1
2.9
4.1
4.7
4.2
4.0
4.7
4.6
5.7
2.8
4.0
2.7
.3

7.2
9.8
14.8
7.6
9.2
6.5
6.6
4.1
8.7
8.2
7.9
5.2
3.5

141
51
146
464

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3.6
59
7.3
6.4

5.2
6.8
2.8
4.4

1.6
1.5
1.3
2.4

5.6
5.5
8.5
7.5

15.9
10.5
15.6
21.7

21.7
22.9
16.5
22.6

12.7
22.0
23.8
10.2

21.7
10.8
8.7
15.8

2.4
3.2
3.8
4.8

9.5
9.6
8.8
3.6

Hispanic origin

Metropolitan areas:1
2
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
Chicago .....
Dallas-Fort W orth .............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Houston.................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach...............
Miami ....................................... .
New York LMA ....................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
San D ie g o .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ............................................
Washington D.C.................................
Cities:
Chicago..............................................
D allas..................................................
Houston..............................................
New York ..........................................

1 All are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas except those labeled Labor Market
Areas (LMA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary
Definitions”.
2 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percent­
ages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

105

Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the experienced' civilian labor force for nonagricultural workers by industry, 1984 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Employment status and area

Total2
Total3

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Transporta­
tion, com­
munica­
Nondurable tions, and
goods
public
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Government
Services4

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Metropolitan areas:5
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
Atlanta..................................................
Baltimore.............................................
Boston..................................................
Buffalo..................................................
Chicago................................................
Cincinnati.............................................
Cleveland............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth...............................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis.........................................
Kansas C ity.........................................
Los Angeles-Long B e a c h ................
M iam i....................................................
M ilwaukee...........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ...............
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N e w ark.................................................
Philadelphia........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario ...
St. Louis...............................................
San D ieg o ...........................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San J o s e .............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C...................................

1,051
1,155
1,070
1,461
551
3,463
673
880
1,800
1,003
1,920
1,771
605
697
3,696
836
674
1,213
1,289
3,538
996
2,265
979
784
1,108
916
1,832
721
868
1,726

843
961
777
1,190
428
2,847
552
723
1,491
783
1,584
1,470
489
551
2,956
670
548
988
991
2,763
807
1,845
801
579
940
684
1,401
594
675
1,097

57
78
54
60
(*)
138
(8)
(6)
144
59
58
170
(6)
(*)
138

335
1,292
216
532
396
306
944
285
2,937
698
188

39
41
58
54
56
257
60
75
66
42
176
108
37
40
253
51
45
54
47
238
54
132
106
61

(6)
105
62
51
60
<
6)
91
(6)
(e)
76

248
192
158
296
112
808
154
222
355
142
550
235
146
137
899
100
168
254
203
541
226
512
182
119
225
151
266
265
158
86

f8)
122
165
121
205
116
267
143
85
138
123
142
234
125
51

251
1,041
172
459
309
182
780
226
2,301
557
159

(8)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
75
(8)
100
(6)
O

56
293
61
80
114
11
129
68
428
129
(8)

(6)
179
(6)
(6)
94
(6)
76
(*)
141
62
(6)

34
38
50
48
47
226
53
65
60
38
153
99
31
35
224
44
41
44
40
212
48
117
95
51

7
5
6
4

8
4
10
12
15
67
15
21
14
4
50
13
7
8
64
9
11
10
5
47
14
33
31
10

6
2
6
7
12
42
8
15
8
3
40
8
6
3
41
(6)
6
6
2
17
7
17
27
8

O
(8)
55
68
124

172
106
98
206
76
509
88
152
240
90
456
136
95
76
615

76
86
60
90
(6)
299
65
69
114
52
95
98
51
62
284
63
(6)
69
82
336
110
245
(6)
(*)
87

(*)
100
55
77
(8)
214
48

(6)
125
(6)
(6)
(6)

(6)
114

(8)
139
(8)
49
95

204
291
218
256
131
671
156
184
372
200
392
376
121
146
654
200
139
270
261
596
175
448
213
171
253
205
363
116
179
264

85
75
61
118
(8)
271
(8)
(•)
149
81
98
120
(8)
44
271
70
(8)
79
107
401
78
155
55
(8)
77
51
145
(8)
58
101

204
226
231
384
100
742
129
192
332
207
395
348
111
131
790
188
140
247
263
869
218
504
224
146
243
188
393
125
182
473

92
125
233
194
95
402
88
114
174
148
239
149
81
101
429
99
85
152
227
588
142
289
112
131
113
135
261
72
116
521

(8)
79
(8)
(8)
(8)
17
63
<
8)
183
(8)
(*)

54
220
(8)
121
66
37
194
55
493
141
(8)

(8)
99
(8)
61
(8)
18
67
(")
355
52
(*)

88
317
(")
123
84
91
206
62
741
181
51

69
170
(8)
(8)
73
104
94
(8)
490
107
(*)

9
16
13
11
12
61
11
16
22
12
40
31
10
11
57
15
11
14
8
60
11
39
16
15

2
3
3
2

8
8
15
16
12
55
13
17
10
10
38
22
7
9
62
11
11
8
12
60
13
24
20
10

3
3
8
5
8
25
6
9
3
3
19
5
5
4
17
3
3
8
5
22
5
13
10
8

(8)
110
62
91
120
(8)
60
197
68
(8)
83
88
230
76
118
56
(8)
79

Cities:
Baltimore.............................................
Chicago................................................
Cleveland............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Columbia...........................
Houston................................................
Milwaukee...........................................
New Y o rk ............................................
Philadelphia ........................................
St. Louis...............................................

(6)
(e)
(8)
(6)
53
(8)
287
68
(*)

UNEMPLOYED

Metropolitan areas:5
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
Atlanta..................................................
Baltimore.............................................
Boston..................................................
Buffalo..................................................
C hicago................................................
Cincinnati .............................................
C leveland............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth...............................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis..........................................
Kansas City..........................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach .................
M iam i....................................................
Milwaukee............................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ................
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N e w ark.................................................
Philadelphia........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario ...

(8)
19
(6)
(6)
8
4
12
17
(6)
(8)
23
(6)
(8)
7
6
17
<
8)
10
18
8

See footnotes at end of table.

106

3
1
3
6
(6)
25
7
6
6
1
10
5
1
5
23
7
(8)
4
3
29
7
16
<
8)
(8)

(*)
2
3
2
(8)
13
4
(8)
3
1
5
5
(8)
3
11
2
(8)
4
5
15
3
3
6
(*)

(8)
11
(8)
(8)
2
5
7
5
(8)
1
8
2
<
8)
2
4
13
3
8
4
(8)

Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for nonagricultural workers by industry, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Employment status and area

Total1
2
Total3

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Transportation, com­
munica­
Nondurable tions, and
public
goods
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Government
Services4

UNEMPLOYED-Contlnued

Metropolitan areas:5
St. Louis...............................................
San D iego............................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San Jo s e..............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C...................................

91
59
103
33
58
60

81
51
91
29
53
44

28
159
35
21
77
24
70
26
218
65
36

23
137
29
19
64
17
62
23
194
58
33

3.7
3.6
5.5
3.7
10.1
7.4
9.0
8.5
3.7
4.2
9.2
6.1
6.2
5.8
6.8
6.1
6.7
4.4
3.7
6.7
5.5
5.8
10.9
7.7
8.2
6.5
5.6
46
67
3.5

4.1
4.0
6.4
4.0
11.0
7.9
9.6
9.0
4.0
4.9
9.7
6.8
6.3
6.4 ■
7.6
6.5
7.6
4.5
4.0
7.7
6.0
6.4
11.8
8.8
8.6
7.5
6.5
49
7.9
4.0

8.3
12.3
16.1
4.0
19.5
7.9
7.4
9.0
7.4
9.3
19.0

9.0
13.2
16.9
4.1
20.7
9.5
7.9
10.3
8.4
10.4
21.0

9

P)
10
(6)

P)

5

18
13
22
13
11
3

8
8
12
9
10
1

10

P)

6

P)

4
2

2
7
7
14
12

6
39

5
18

P)

3
3

6
36

P)

5

P)

P)

7
5
11
3
5
14

3
2
5

5

10

P)
P)
P)

22
9
22
6
12
19

8

23
16

P)

Cities:
Baltimore..............................................
C hicago................................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Columbia...........................
Houston................................................
Milwaukee...........................................
New Y o rk .............................................
Philadelphia........................................
St. Louis...............................................

P)
P)
(e)

P)
(6)
(8)
7
(6)
14
(8)

P)

P)

5
41
7
4
24
1
11
7
41
14
(8)

25
(8)

P)

18
(8)
6

P)

14
4

P)

16

P)
P)
P)
P)

P)
P)
P)

P)
1
3

5

P)

P)

P)

P)
P)

27
10

14

5
15
5
18
7
55
21

P)

P)

P)
1

P)
1
3

P)
13
5

P)

4
16
7
17
5
57
11
10

P)
P)
12
6
5

P)

20
6

P)

UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE

Metropolitan areas:5
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden G rove.
Atlanta...............................
Baltimore.............................................
Boston..................................................
Buffalo..................................................
Chicago................................................
Cincinnati .............................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth...............................
Denver-Boulder..................................
Detroit...................................................
Houston................................................
Indianapolis..........................................
Kansas City..........................................
Los Angeles-Long B e a c h .................
M iam i....................................................
Milwaukee............................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ................
Nassau-Suffolk...................................
New York L M A ...................................
N e w ark.................................................
Philadelphia ........................................
Pittsburgh.............................................
Riverside-San Bemardino-Ontario ...
St. Louis..............................................
San D iego............................................
San Francisco-Oakland.....................
San Jose ..............................................
Seattle-Everett....................................
Washington D.C...................................

11.9
6.9
10.7
6.2
(6)
13.5
(6)
(8)
5.9
6.4
21.2
9.8
(6)
(8>
16.3
(8)

P)

12.2
8.9
13.6

P)
9.5
28.7
14.7
15.4

P)

10.9

P)
(8)
6.2

3.4
2.0
6.2
4.2
13.1
8.3
9.9
9.3
3.9
2.8
9.0
5.5
4.8
6.0
7.1
8.7
6.7
3.9
2.5
8.7
6.2
6.4
16.8
8.7
7.9
8.3
8.3
4.7
7.0
3.6

3.2
2.2
6.5
3.2
16.4
8.3
9.6
9.9
3.2
2.8
8.8
5.5
6.6
4.2
6.6

P)
5.3
3.4
1.7
8.5
6.4
6.5
18.7
9.2
5.8
6.9
8.5
3.9
7.8
2.3

3.7
1.7
5.6
6.5

P)
8.2
10.3
8.0
5.4
2.8
10.3
5.6
1.4
8.2
8.1
10.8

P)
4.9
3.7
8.8
6.0
6.3

P)
P)
11.3

P)
2.2
5.4
3.3

P)

5.9
9.2

P)

2.4
1.7
5.7
4.0

P)

5.7
5.7
2.8

P)

4.8
5.2
6.7
4.3
2.6
11.2

P)

7.4

P)

P)

P)
P)
P)

P)

P)

8.1

3.8
5.5
3.6

4.3
5.4
6.1
4.1
8.9
9.1
7.1
8.5
6.0
5.9
10.3
8.3
8.0
7.2
8.7
7.7
7.9
5.1
3.2
10.1
6.3
8.8
7.3
9.0
9.3
8.0
7.4
5.7
7.9
4.5

2.6
4.4
5.3
2.1

P)
4.0

P)
P)
1.6
6.4
7.4
3.9

P)

3.4
2.8
2.3

P)
2.2
3.4
3.3
4.5
5.3
7.6

P)
4.2
4.1
3.4

P)

6.6
1.6

3.9
3.5
6.5
4.1
11.9
7.4
10.2
8.7
2.9
5.0
9.7
6.4
6.5
6.5
7.9
5.9
8.0
3.3
4.7
6.9
5.8
4.7
9.0
6.7
8.9
4.9
5.6
4.8
6.6
4.0

3.1
2.6
3.5
2.7
7.9
6.3
7.1
7.5
1.9
2.2
8.1
3.3
5.7
4.4
4.0
3.5
3.8
5.2
2.4
3.8
3.7
4.5
9.3
6.3
6.3
3.6
4.1
3.9
4.1
2.7

6.5
12.1

7.5
10.4

Cities:
Baltimore..............................................
Chicago................................................
Cleveland.............................................
Dallas....................................................
Detroit...................................................
District of Columbia...........................
Houston................................................
Milwaukee...........................................
New Y o rk .............................................
Philadelphia ........................................
St. Louis...............................................

(8)

P)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
9.8
(8)
14.2
<
6)
<
8)

P)

P)

13.7

14.3

P)
P)

8.2
13.9
11.4
4.9
20.9
8.3
8.6
9.6
9.6
10.9
(8)

P)
P)
P)
P)

19.7

P)
8.1

9.2

P)

P)

10.3
7.0

9.2
14.4

P)

P)

6.3

P)
P)
P)

5.6
5.3

P)
7.6

P)
P)

11.4
16.2

P)
4.5
23.2
14.9
9.2
12.3
11.1
14.8

P)

P)
7.9

P)
1.8

P)

3.8
4.0

P)
3.8
9.1

P)

P)
3.5
18.8
8.2
8.1
8.8
7.6
6.1
19.2

P)
P)
17.0
5.8
5.6

P)
4.1
5.3

P)

Definitions”.
.
6
Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
3 Includes mining.
4 Excludes private household workers.
5 All are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas except those labeled Labor Market
Areas (LMA's). The differences are discussed in appendix C, “Geographic Boundary

rounding.

107

Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic
origin, 1984 annual averages
(Percent distribution)
Total employed1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transpor­
tation,
communi­
cations,
and public
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Services3

Govern­
ment

TOTAL

Metropolitan areas:4
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore............................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago.............................................
Cincinnati............................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth.............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit................................................
Houston..............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity.......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
M iam i..................................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ..............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
N e w ark...............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
St. Louis............................................
San D ie g o .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ...........................................
Seattle-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

1,012
1,113
1,012
1,427
495
3,206
613
805
1,734
961
1,744
1,663
567
657
3,443
785
629
1,159
1,242
3,299
942
2,133
872
723
1,017
857
1,729
688
810
1,666

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

799
82.9
71.9
80.1
76.8
81.8
81.4
81.7
82.5
77.4
82.1
82.4
80.8
78.5
79.3
79.8
80.6
81.4
76.6
77.3
80.6
81.0
80.9
73.0
84.5
73.9
75.8
82.2
76.8
63.2

5.0
6.5
4.7
3.9
3.3
3.7
3.3
3.3
7.8
58
2.6
9.2
4.8
4.4
3.4
4.7
4.1
4.1
5.0
3.2
3.2
4.5
5.1
6.0
5.0
4.6
4.7
4.5
4.6
4.3

23.7
16.9
14.7
19.9
19.7
23.1
22.6
25.0
19.7
14.4
28.7
13.3
24.5
19.7
24.3
11.7
24.9
21.0
16.0
15.0
22.5
22.5
17.4
15.1
20.4
16.2
14.1
36.7
18.1
5.0

16.4
9.3
9.1
14.0
12.8
14.5
13.0
17.0
13.4
9.1
23.8
7.7
15.6
11.1
16.7
4.5
18.4
13.8
9.6
5.7
11.5
11.7
13.4
10.7
12.8
13.4
7.5
32.7
14.2
3.0

7.2
7.6
5.6
5.9
6.9
8.6
9.5
7.9
6.2
5.3
4.9
5.6
8.9
8.6
7.6
7.2
6.5
7.3
6.4
9.3
11.0
10.8
4.0
4.4
7.6
2.7
6.6
4.0
3.9
2.0

4.3
8.8
5.1
5.2
5.7
6.3
7.1
5.1
6.2
6.3
4.9
6.9
7.3
8.6
5.4
8.4
5.6
6.8
6.7
6.5
7.7
5.4
5.7
6.1
7.2
4.4
7.7
3.5
5.7
5.5

19.3
24.7
20.2
17.2
24.1
19.0
23.6
20.9
20.2
19.6
20.1
20.7
19.6
20.6
17.3
23.5
20.3
22.1
20.3
16.2
17.5
19.2
22.6
21.5
22.6
22.0
19.5
16.0
20.4
15.1

8.2
6.4
5.7
8.1
5.9
8.1
5.6
5.5
8.5
7.9
5.2
6.9
6.1
6.5
7.6
8.8
5.1
6.7
8.3
11.8
7.9
6.9
5.9
5.1
7.3
5.7
8.1
4.1
6.7
6.0

19.3
19.6
21.4
25.8
17.8
21.4
18.9
21.7
186
20.5
20.5
19.6
18.3
18.6
21.1
22.5
20.4
206
20.2
24.5
21.8
22.5
23.3
189
21,7
20.8
21.5
17.3
21.0
27.2

8.6
11.0
22.3
13.2
17.7
11.7
13.3
13.1
9.8
15.0
12.6
8.7
13.4
14.6
12.0
12.1
13.0
12.4
17.8
17.1
14.5
12.9
11.6
16.9
10.4
15.2
14.5
10.1
13.7
30.4

307
1,133
181
511
319
282
874
259
2,719
633
152

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

74.4
79.8
79.1
86.1
76.7
58.4
82.2
78.3
77.5
78.9
82.7

4.5
2.1
1.8
6.9
1.8
2.6
7.7
2.7
3.1
2.9
2.5

16.8
22.3
29.6
14.9
28.2
3.5
13.5
23.8
14.2
18.2
17.3

8.7
13.6
18.7
8.5
23.7
.6
8.0
17.0
4.6
9.0
10.8

8.1
8.7
10.9
6.5
4.5
2.9
5.5
6.8
9.6
9.2
6.5

6.4
6.5
4.6
4.6
6.0
5.6
6.8
6.2
6.2
4.6
5.7

15.6
16.2
17.1
22.6
15.8
11.0
20.1
18.7
16.1
19.0
24.0

4.2
8.0
5.0
11.8
3.6
6.1
7.4
5.1
12.6
7.4
6.1

26.8
24.6
20.9
23.2
21.4
29.8
21.7
21.7
25.2
26.8
27.1

20.8
13.5
15.4
7.3
19.1
34.9
10.1
15.6
17.3
16.0
13.4

572
622
574
776
274
1,806
341
460
1,009
518
994
995
322
374
1,937
437
352
629
731
1,855
527
1,206
510
413

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

80.1
82.8
71.4
78.7
77.0
81.8
82.8
82.7
82.5
78.5
84.0
84.3
83.8
81.0
79.6
78.1
79.4
82.8
76.2
76.0
80.5
80.9
80.3
72.3

7.2
10.4
7.0
6.7
5.6
5.8
5.5
5.2
12.7
9.4
4.1
13.9
7.7
6.4
5.2
8.1
6.2
6.9
7.7
5.4
4.8
7.5
7.9
9.8

28.8
19.2
18.4
24.2
27.8
282
28 8
32.9
22.8
17.9
40.1
16.2
32.2
23.6
27.4
11.8
30.8
26.0
18.7
14.0
25.3
26.0
23.7
19.5

20.4
11.3
12.6
17.6
18.9
18.4
17.8
22.8
16.2
12.4
34.6
8.8
22.1
14.6
20.2
6.1
23.1
17.5
12.0
6.6
12.5
14.4
18.7
14.0

8.3
7.9
5.8
6.6
8.9
9.7
11.0
10.2
6.6
5.5
5.5
7.4
10.1
9.0
7.2
5.7
7.7
8.5
6.7
7.4
12.8
11.6
5.0
5.4

5.0
11.2
6.2
6.8
8.1
7.6
9.6
6.6
7.5
6.7
6.1
8.0
9.5
12.0
6.3
9.4
7.5
8.4
8.5
7.9
8.5
7.3
7.2
8.3

18.9
22.9
19.1
15.2
20.3
18.1
225
183
19.0
19.7
17.3
19.7
17.2
18.3
17.6
24.4
19.0
22.8
18.5
18.7
18.0
18.8
19.2
18.8

5.9
4.6
4.7
5.6
4.4
6.0
4.4
3.4
5.4
5.3
3.2
4.7
5.4
5.0
5.1
7.0
2.5
5.1
68
10.4
6.7
51
4.1
2.8

14.1
14.4
15.8
20.3
10.7
16.0
11.7
16.0
13.4
15.8
13.2
15.4
11.6
15.4
17.6
17.0
13.5
13.6
15.9
19.6
17.1
16.0
16.9
12.7

8.1
9.4
21.3
13.0
16.7
101
11.2
10.8
8.8
12.9
99
6.3
10.3
11.2
9.8
10.9
12.0
10.5
16.7
167
12.3
12.2
10.9
15.5

Cities:
Baltimore...........................................
Chicago.............................................
Cleveland ..........................................
Dallas..................................................
Detroit.................................................
District of Columbia .........................
Houston.............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis............................................
Men

Metropolitan areas:4
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlan ta ...............................................
Baltimore...........................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
Cleveland...........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth .............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston..............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity.......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
M iam i..................................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ...............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
Newark ...............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
See footnotes at end of table.

108

Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians In nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic
origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transportation,
communi­
cations,
and public
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Services3

Govern­
ment

Men—Continued

Metropolitan areas:4
St. Louis.............................................
San Diego .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ............................................
Seattie-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

568
478
946
398
454
893

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

84.8
73.4
75.8
82.9
77.1
64.1

8.5
7.4
7.6
7.4
7.4
7.4

26.3
18.7
17.7
41.5
24.1
6.1

18.1
16.3
10.0
37.4
19.8
3.9

8.2
2.4
7.7
4.0
4.3
2.2

8.9
5.0
9.1
3.6
6.8
6.6

21.2
20.6
18.6
16.3
19.1
15.9

4.9
4.2
5.2
1.9
4.3
5.1

14.7
17.3
17.0
12.2
15.3
23.0

9.6
14.7
13.4
8.3
12.6
29.2

169
621
100
282
179
144
506
139
1,525
348
80

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

75.4
79.1
80.5
85.7
77.0
59.1
84.2
77.0
76.5
77.2
83.5

6.6
3.1
3.3
11.3
3.0
4.6
12.2
5.1
5.2
5.1
4.2

19.2
27.0
39.4
16.9
40.4
3.9
17.1
29.9
13.1
21.5
22.4

10.9
17.0
26.2
10.1
34.8
.6
9.8
21.5
5.6
11.7
16.5

8.3
10.0
13.2
6.8
5.5
3.3
7.3
8.4
7.4
9.7
5.9

8.8
7.7
5.2
4.9
7.3
6.8
8.8
8.5
7.9
6.1
8.9

15.7
17.2
14.2
22.7
11.5
12.7
18.7
16.2
19.1
18.9
23.3

3.0
5.0
2.8
8.8
2.2
6.0
5.1
2.1
10.7
4.3
5.4

22.0
19.0
15.7
19.1
12.6
25.1
17.5
15.2
20.5
21.2
19.3

18.3
12.4
13.0
5.7
16.8
32.2
6.9
13.9
16.6
17.5
11.8

441
492
437
651
221
1,400
272
345
724
443
750
668
245
283
1,506
348
277
529
510
1,445
414
926
363
311
449
379
783
289
355
773

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

2.1
1.5
1.7
.7
.5
1.0
.7

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

79.7
83.1
72.6
81.8
76.6
81.7
79.5
80.4
82.7
76.2
79.5
79.6
76.8
75.2
79.0
81.8
82.2
79.9
77.2
79.0
80.7
81.2
81.8
74.0
84.1
74.4
75.9
81.2
76.3
62.2

17.0
13.9
9.7
14.7
9.6
16.6
14.8
14.4
15.3
10.2
13.6
9.1
14.5
14.5
20.2
11.4
17.4
15.2
12.1
16.3
19.0
17.8
8.5
9.2
12.9
13.0
9.8
30.2
10.5
3.7

11.3
6.7
4.4
9.6
5.2
9.5
7.1
9.4
9.6
5.2
9.6
6.2
7.0
6.4
12.1
2.4
12.4
9.3
6.1
4.6
10.3
8.2
5.8
6.3
6.1
9.8
4.6
26.1
7.0
2.0

5.8
7.2
5.3
5.1
4.4
7.0
7.7
5.0
5.7
5.0
4.1
2.9
7.5
8.1
8.1
9.0
5.0
5.9
5.9
11.7
8.8
9.6
2.7
3.0
6.9
3.2
5.3
4.1
3.5
1.7

3.4
5.8
3.6
3.3
2.8
4.5
4.1
3.0
4.4
5.9
3.4
5.2
4.3
4.2
4.2
7.2
3.2
5.0
4.2
4.7
6.7
2.9
3.5
3.1
5.1
3.7
6.1
3.4
4.4
4.3

19.8
27.0
21.7
19.6
28.9
20.3
25.1
24.4
21.8
19.5
23.9
22.3
22.8
23.5
17.0
22.3
22.1
21.2
22.9
13.1
16.8
19.7
27.5
25.1
24.3
23.8
20.4
15.4
22.1
14.2

11.2
8.7
7.1
11.1
7.8
10.9
7.1
8.2
12.8
10.9
7.8
10.3
7.1
8.4
10.8
11.0
8.5
8.6
10.5
13.5
9.4
9.2
8.4
8.2
10.2
7.6
11.5
7.3
9.9
7.0

26.1
26.1
28.7
32.3
26.7
28.4
27.8
29.4
25.8
26.0
30.1
25.8
27.2
22.8
25.7
29.3
29.2
29.0
26.4
30.9
27.6
31.0
32.4
27.0
30.7
25.3
26.8
24.3
28.3
32.2

9.7
13.0
23.6
13.5
18.9
13.8
16.0
16.3
11.3
17.6
16.1
12.2
17.5
19.3
14.8
13.8
14.2
14.7
19.5
17.7
17.4
14.0
12.6
18.9
11.4
15.8
15.9
12.6
15.1
31.8

138
512
81
229
140
138
368
120
1,194
285
72

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

73.1
80.7
77.3
86.6
76.4
57.8
79.4
79.8
78.8
81.1
81.7

2.0
.9

13.9
16.5
17.4
12.6
12.6
3.0
8.6
16.7
15.8
14.2
11.6

6.1
9.5
9.4
6.5
9.4
.5
5.5
11.8
3.4
5.8
4.5

7.9
7.0
8.0
6.1
3.2
2.5
3.0
4.9
12.3
8.5
7.2

3.4
5.1
3.9
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.2
3.5
4.1
2.8
2.1

15.6
15.1
20.7
22.6
21.2
9.3
22.1
21.6
12.3
19.1
24.7

5.6
11.6
7.8
15.5
5.4
6.2
10.5
8.6
14.9
11.2
6.8

32.6
31.4
27.4
28.4
32.6
34.7
27.5
29.3
31.1
33.6
35.9

23.9
14.8
18.3
9.3
22.0
37.6
14.6
17.6
18.2
14.2
15.1

Cities:
Baltimore............................................
Chicago..............................................
Cleveland ..........................................
Dallas..................................................
Detroit.................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston..............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................

Women

Metropolitan areas:4
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore............................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago ..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
C leveland...........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth .............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston..............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity.......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
Miami ..................................................
Milwaukee .........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A ...............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
Newark ...............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh...........................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
St. Louis.............................................
San Diego .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ............................................
Seattie-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

100.0

.8
1.1
1.5
.6
2.2
1.0
1.8
.9
.6
1.6
.8
1.1
.5
1.1
.5
1.1
1.0
.6
1.0
1.1
.6
1.0
.7

Cities:
Baltimore...........................................
C hicago.............................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas..................................................
Detroit.................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston.............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New Y o rk ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................

(5)
1.4
.3
.4
1.6
(5)
.5
.1
.5

See footnotes at end of table.

109

Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic
origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed’

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transpor­
tation,
communi­
cations,
and public
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Services3

Govern­
ment

White

Metropolitan areas:4
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
A tlanta................................................
Baltimore...........................................
Boston................................................
Buffalo................................................
Chicago..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
C leveland..........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth .............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit................................................
Houston.............................................
Indianapolis.......................................
Kansas C ity .......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach...............
M iam i..................................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul LMA ...............
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
N e w ark..............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
St. Louis............................................
San D ie g o .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ...........................................
Seattle-Everett..................................
Washington D.C.................................

942
864
774
1,341
461
2,668
546
687
1,516
889
1,483
1,382
514
584
2,772
632
584
1,116
1,150
2,391
744
1,853
816
668
895
759
1,314
594
729
1,236

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

79.9
83.0
74.4
80.1
77.9
82.5
82.9
83.7
82.1
77.4
83.6
82.9
82.0
80.0
80.3
82.5
80.7
81.3
76.6
78.3
82.5
82.5
80.8
73.6
85.2
74.3
77.1
81.4
77.8
65.6

5.2
7.1
5.5
4.1
3.5
4.2
3.5
3.5
8.2
6.0
2.9
10.0
5.1
4.7
3.8
4.7
4.2
4.3
5.0
3.4
3.3
4.6
5.3
6.3
5.2
4.9
5.5
4.7
4.9
4.8

23.4
16.7
14.8
20.0
19.9
23.0
22.9
25.8
19.3
14.2
28.9
13.5
25.1
19.8
25.3
12.3
24.9
20.9
15.5
15.4
22.1
23.1
17.5
15.0
21.4
15.3
14.5
32.9
18.5
5.4

16.2
9.4
9.3
14.0
12.6
14.3
13.6
17.8
13.6
9.3
23.9
8.0
15.6
10.8
17.3
4.3
18.4
13.7
9.4
6.1
10.9
12.0
13.5
10.6
13.1
12.6
7.8
28.6
14.8
3.2

7.2
7.3
5.5
6.0
7.2
8.7
9.4
8.0
5.7
4.9
5.1
5.5
9.5
9.1
8.0
8.0
6.6
7.2
6.1
9.3
11.2
11.0
4.0
4.4
8.2
2.7
6.8
4.4
3.7
2.2

4.2
8.4
5.2
5.1
5.5
5.8
7.4
5.3
6.3
6.0
4.8
6.5
7.3
8.9
5.3
8.3
5.7
6.8
6.6
6.7
7.3
5.6
5.6
6.1
7.3
4.2
7.5
3.7
5.4
5.3

19.5
25.0
21.5
17.5
25.1
20.2
24.5
21.8
20.0
19.7
21.1
20.3
19.7
21.2
17.6
25.1
20.6
22.0
21.1
16.8
18.7
20.1
23.0
21.4
22.4
22.9
19.9
17.3
20.9
15.5

8.6
7.3
6.1
8.3
6.1
8.6
5.5
5.6
8.5
7.9
5.5
7.5
6.3
7.0
7.2
9.3
5.1
6.6
8.4
12.1
9.1
7.2
5.8
5.3
7.5
5.9
7.9
4.3
6.8
6.6

18.8
18.5
21.4
25.2
17.5
20.6
18.8
21.2
18.2
20.5
20.3
18.8
18.4
18.1
20.9
22.6
20.1
20.7
20.0
23.8
22.0
22.0
22.7
19.2
21.1
20.9
21.4
18.3
21.1
27.8

88
10.0
19.1
12.9
16.6
10.6
11.5
11.1
9.8
14.9
10.9
7.4
12.0
13.0
10.3
8.6
12.8
12.4
17.6
15.4
12.5
11.5
11.4
15.7
9.5
14.2
12.6
10.6
12.9
27.5

147
700
107
386
124
95
625
213
1,877
445
95

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

80.9
81.5
82.9
85.9
85.6
66.4
83.2
78.1
78.8
81.8
86.7

6.5
2.5
1.9
7.1
3.8
1.1
9.1
2.4
3.2
2.9
3.8

17.4
23.3
32.9
13.9
27.5
4.9
14.3
23.9
14.9
19.3
18.8

8.7
13.5
21.7
8.7
22.1
.9
8.8
16.8
5.2
9.1
11.1

8.8
9.8
11.3
5.2
5.4
4.0
5.5
7.0
9.7
10.2
7.7

6.7
5.1
5.4
4.3
5.7
5.2
5.6
6.5
6.3
5.0
6.4

17.8
17.5
20.1
21.8
20.0
8.6
18.8
18.8
16.7
20.6
24.5

5.0
9.3
5.6
12.3
3.5
7.8
8.5
5.2
13.1
7.9
6.7

27.5
23.9
16.8
23.9
25.1
38.9
21.6
21.3
24.6
26.2
26.5

14.2
10.4
11.3
6.9
10.8
23.8
7.6
15.7
15.1
13.7
9.3

237
214
69
445
64
113
180
52
238
228
65
348
147
73
726
175
243
52
112
50
162
383

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

82.8
63.5
77.9
76.1
68.7
71.8
86.7
76.7
72.1
79.6
66.0
70.2
67.6
77.7
71.4
72.6
69.5
82.3
78.5
58.8
66.0
54.9

4.3
2.5
1.7
1.5
1.6
2.0
5.7
4.1
.8
5.8
1.7
1.3
5.0
5.3
3.2
3.0
4.4
1.5
3.9
3.2
2.7
2.7

17.8
14.6
17.4
21.5
19.4
19.2
20.2
12.7
28.3
12.4
18.9
17.9
8.7
22.9
10.8
25.0
18.1
17.2
13.5
5.3
7.5
3.2

9.1
8.5
13.2
14.4
8.3
12.1
10.5
5.8
24.9
5.9
13.2
14.6
4.7
11.3
3.7
14.3
9.2
12.9
10.5
5.2
3.3
1.9

8.7
6.1
4.2
7.1
11.1
7.1
9.7
6.9
3.4
6.6
5.7
3.3
4.0
11.7
7.1
10.7
8.9
4.3
3.0
.1
4.3
1.3

10.5
5.5
9.0
9.9
5.3
3.7
6.4
11.5
6.0
10.5
6.5
7.8
8.8
10.9
6.7
9.4
4.3
6.4
7.6
9.7
10.3
6.7

23.1
14.4
9.9
13.2
15.9
16.6
22.4
17.4
12.5
21.2
16.9
12.5
16.7
8.3
11.6
12.9
13.3
18.7
21.2
12.1
15.5
13.5

3.5
4.5
4.9
5.7
7.0
4.8
9.0
9.6
3.5
4.6
2.9
7.7
6.6
7.8
11.8
3.5
5.4
6.6
5.1
5.0
6.4
3.9

23.6
21.7
34.9
24.3
19.6
25.5
22.3
19.8
21.0
21.5
19.0
22.7
21.5
22.4
27.3
18.8
24.0
29.2
27.2
23.1
23.7
24.9

14.9
34.1
20.5
19.8
29.0
25.1
9.2
20.0
23.9
16.6
28.0
26.6
27.8
20.8
25.4
23.2
25.1
16.5
17.8
35.2
27.7
40.2

Cities:
Baltimore...........................................
Chicago.............................................
Cleveland ..........................................
D allas..................................................
Detroit................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston.............................................
M ilwaukee.........................................
New York ..........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Lou is............................................

Black

Metropolitan areas:4
A tlan ta................................................
Baltimore............................................
Boston................................................
C hicago..............................................
Cincinnati............................................
Cleveland...........................................
Dallas-Fort W orth .............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Detroit.................................................
Houston..............................................
Kansas C ity .......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
M iam i..................................................
Nassau-Suffolk.................................
New York L M A .................................
N e w a rk ...............................................
Philadelphia.......................................
Pittsburgh..........................................
St. Louis.............................................
San D ie g o ..........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
Washington D.C.................................

See footnotes at end of table.

110

Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Employed civilians In nonagricultural Industries by sex, race, and Hispanic
origin, 1984 annual averages—Continued
(Percent distribution)
Total employed1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing

Population group and area

Number
(in thou­
sands)

Percent

Total2

Construc­
tion

Total

Durable
goods

Non­
durable
goods

Transportation,
communi­
cations,
and public
utilities

Trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Services3

Govern­
ment

Black—Continued

Cities:
Baltimore............................................
Chicago..............................................
C leveland...........................................
D allas..................................................
Detroit.................................................
District of Colum bia.........................
Houston..............................................
New Y o rk ...........................................
Philadelphia.......................................
St. Louis.............................................

153
386
71
116
191
182
218
680
172
54

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

69.4
75.8
75.7
87.5
70.6
53.8
79.6
71.4
71.0
75.3

2.8
1.6
1.9
6.7
.6
3.4
4.5
3.2
3.2
.2

17.0
19.6
25.4
18.4
28.8
2.8
11.8
10.4
15.7
15.0

9.2
13.1
15.1
7.5
24.9
.4
5.9
3.2
8.7
10.1

7.8
6.8
10.3
10.8
3.9
2.4
5.9
7.2
7.0
5.0

6.4
9.8
3.5
5.7
6.3
5.9
11.2
6.6
3.6
4.9

13.0
13.6
13.1
25.3
12.1
11.7
21.1
11.4
15.2
20.5

3.6
5.5
4.3
10.3
3.8
5.1
5.2
12.5
5.9
5.3

26.5
25.6
27.5
20.8
19.0
24.9
22.1
27.3
27.4
29.2

27.0
20.3
21.5
8.3
24.8
41.1
16.6
25.8
23.4
20.4

116
208
119
78
212
804
346
495
117
80
118
73
41

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

88.1
90.5
88.9
70.3
84.1
86.6
85.2
83.0
77.0
72.2
84.1
84.7
67.5

4.6
1.9
24.6
4.3
14.5
4.2
4.5
2.3
6.1
4.5
5.5
6.0
3.5

39.4
39.5
25.0
17.9
16.3
37.0
16.3
25.2
22.1
15.2
26.0
38.6
6.5

27.0
26.3
16.9
6.4
11.0
23.5
5.8
9.7
16.2
10.9
15.3
31.1
1.4

12.4
13.2
8.1
11.4
5.3
13.5
10.5
15.5
5.9
4.3
10.8
7.5
5.1

4.6
3.1
2.8
5.5
5.7
4.8
7.3
4.0
6.1
3.7
7.4
1.9
1.0

19.6
22.7
19.4
16.5
24.3
17.2
28.1
19.9
22.5
25.5
21.5
17.3
14.9

4.1
5.5
4.1
7.2
4.7
5.1
10.5
10.3
2.8
6.7
4.3
3.4
5.5

15.9
17.7
12.8
17.9
14.8
18.3
18.4
21.2
16.7
16.8
19.2
17.7
36.1

7.2
5.3
8.6
25.1
8.9
8.0
5.6
14.1
18.4
17.9
8.5
10.6
29.6

140
50
141
459

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

88.6
86.8
86.0
82.9

1.1
17.4
12.5
2.2

39.4
18.6
18.6
25.3

25.5
12.2
12.8
9.4

13.9
6.4
5.8
15.9

2.6
1.7
6.5
4.0 ’

21.6
27.0
22.1
20.4

3.8
7.3
7.3
9.9

20.0
14.7
17.6
20.8

6.8
8.8
6.7
14.6

Hispanic origin

Metropolitan areas:4
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove
Chicago ..............................................
Dallas-Fort W orth.............................
Denver-Boulder ................................
Houston..............................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach................
Miami ..................................................
New York L M A .................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
San Diego .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland...................
San J o s e ...........................................
Washington D.C.................................
Cities:
Chicago..............................................
D allas..................................................
Houston..............................................
New York ...........................................

1 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
2 Includes mining.
3 Excludes private household workers.
4 All are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas except those labeled Labor Market
Areas (LMA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary
Definitions".
5 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.

NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to
totals because data for the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

Ill

Appendix A.
Definitions of Data
Derived from the
Current Population Survey

Reasons fo r unemployment are divided into four ma­
jor groups:
(1) Job losers—persons whose employment ended in­
voluntarily and who immediately began looking for
work, and persons on layoff; (2) job leavers—persons
who quit or otherwise terminated their employment
voluntarily and immediately began looking for work;
(3) reentrants—persons who previously worked at a full­
time job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the
labor force before looking for work; and (4) new en­
trants—persons who never worked at a full-time job
lasting 2 weeks or longer.

Tables showing labor force status include provisional
estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population 16
years and over as well as data on the civilian labor force,
unemployment rates, and labor force participation
rates. Population estimates are revised by the Bureau of
the Census each year, and the revised estimates are in­
corporated into the C P S labor force levels. This adjust­
ment affects the estimates of labor force, employment,
and unemployment but does not affect percentages such
as unemployment rates, participation rates, or
employment-population ratios.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians
classified as employed or unemployed in accordance
with the criteria described below.
The employed are all civilians who did any work as
paid employees or in their own business during the
survey week, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid
workers in an enterprise operated by a family member.
Persons temporarily absent from a job because of ill­
ness, bad weather, a strike, or for personal reasons are
also counted as employed whether they were paid by
their employer or were seeking other jobs.
The unemployed are all civilians who did not work
during the survey week, made specific efforts to find a
job in the prior 4 weeks, and were available for work
during the survey week (except for temporary illness).
Persons waiting to be recalled to a job from which they
had been laid off, and those waiting to report to a new
job within the next 30 days, are also counted as
unemployed.
Duration o f unemployment represents the length of
time (through the current survey week) during which
persons classified as unemployed have been continuous­
ly looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of
unemployment represents the number of full weeks
since the termination of their most recent employment.
A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was
employed or ceased looking for work is considered to
break the continuity of the present period of jobseeking.
Duration of unemployment measures the length of a
spell of unemployment currently in progress. Hence it
should not be confused with a completed spell of
unemployment.

The unemployment rate fo r all civilian workers
represents the number unemployed as a percent of the
civilian labor force.
The civilian labor force participation rate is the ratio
of the civilian labor force to the civilian noninstitutional
population.
The civilian employment-population ratio is the
percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Hours o f work statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the survey week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week, but who
were off on the Columbus Day holiday, would be
reported as working 32 hours even though they were
paid for the joliday. For persons working in more
than one job, the figures relate to the number
of hours worked in all jobs during the survey week with
all hours credited to the major job.
The distribution of employment by hours worked
relates to persons “ at work” during the survey week.
At-work data differ from data on total employment
because the latter include persons in the zero-hoursworked category, “ with a job but not at work.” Includ­
ed in this latter group are persons who were on vacation,
ill, involved in a labor dispute, or otherwise absent from
their jobs for voluntary, noneconomic reasons.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey
week are designated as working fu ll time; corre­
spondingly, persons who worked between 1 and 34
112

hours are designated as working part time. Part-time
workers are classified by their usual status at their pre­
sent job (either full or part time) and by their reason
for working part time during the survey week (economic
or other reasons). “ Economic reasons” include: Slack
work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment,
start or termination of job during the week, and inabili­
ty to find full-time work. Other reasons include: Labor
dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of
home, housework, school, no desire for full-time work,
and full-time worker only during the peak season. Per­
sons on full-time schedules include, in addition to those
working 35 hours or more, those who worked from 1 to
34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually work full
time.
The full-time labor force consists of persons working
on full-time schedules, persons involuntarily working
part time (part time for economic reasons), and
unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The parttime labor force consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time
work. Persons with a job but not at work during the
survey week are classified according to whether they
usually work full or part time.
Occupational and industry data for the employed
refer to the job held during the survey week. Persons
with two or more jobs are classified according to the job
in which they worked the most hours during the survey
week. The unemployed are classified according to the
last full-time civilian job held for 2 weeks or more.
Beginning with 1983 data, all occupational and industry
data presented in this bulletin are coded according to the
classification systems used in the 1980 census, rather

113

than the 1970 census systems used through 1982. While
this conversion had little effect on industry-related data,
the new occupational categories are so radically dif­
ferent that their implementation represents a break in
historical data series. Additional information on the
1980 census occupational and industrial classification
systems appears in “ Revisions in the Current Popula­
tion Survey Beginning in January 1983” in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Race and Hispanic origin. Beginning with 1981 an­
nual averages, Geographic Profile presents racial data
for white and black workers. Before 1981, racial data
were published for white and “ black and other”
workers. The “ other” category consists primarily of
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. Hispanic origin refers to persons who
identified themselves in the enumeration process as
Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South
American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent,
regardless of race. Estimates of sampling errors in this
report for the Hispanic population are based upon those
for the “ black and other” population. However, since
the Hispanic population is smaller, caution should be
exercised in making comparisons using these data.
Separate estimates of sampling errors for the His­
panic population will be introduced with the publication
of 1985 annual averages.
A more detailed description of the definitions used in
this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in
Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current
Population Survey ( b l s Report 463) and the Ex­
planatory Notes of the b l s monthly publication
Employment and Earnings.

Appendix B.
Sampling and Estimation
Procedures and Sampling
Error Tables

The estimates presented in this bulletin are based on
annual averages of monthly data obtained from the
CPS—a sample survey of the civilian noninstitutional
population.1 The survey is conducted each month by
the Bureau of the Census for BLS, and provides com­
prehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and
the unemployed, including such characteristics as age,
sex, race, marital status, occupation, and industry. The
survey also provides data on the characteristics of those
not in the labor force. The information is collected by
trained interviewers from a scientifically selected sam­
ple designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional
population. Each month, about 60,000 occupied housing
units are eligible for interview. Respondents are ques­
tioned to obtain information about the employment
status of each household member 16 years of age and
over for the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday,
which includes the 12th of the month. This is known
as the survey week. Actual field interviewing is con­
ducted during the week which includes the 19th of the
month.
Inmates of institutions, members of the Armed Forces,
and persons under 14 years of age are not covered in
the regular monthly enumerations; data on members of
the Armed Forces and persons under 16 are excluded
from the population and labor force statistics shown in
this bulletin.

Each of the SMSA’s defined as of the 1970 census con­
stitutes a separate PSU.
To improve the efficiency of the sample, the 1,931
PSU’s were grouped into strata. Then, either 1 or 2
PSU’s were selected from each stratum, with the proba­
bility of selection proportionate to the population size
(PPS) in the PSU. PSU’s in strata by themselves are
self-representing (SR), and generally are the most popu­
lated PSU’s in each State. Other strata were formed by
combining PSU’s which were similar in such charac­
teristics as population density and growth, proportion
of nonwhites, principal industry, and number of farms.
PSU’s selected from these strata are non-self-represent­
ing (NSR), since each one chosen represents the entire
stratum.
Within each of the selected PSU’s, the number of
households to be enumerated each month is determined
in two steps. First, a sample of census enumeration dis­
tricts (ED’s) is selected using PPS. ED’s are adminis­
trative units and contain, on the average, about 300
households. Second, clusters of approximately four ad­
dresses to be enumerated within each designated ED
are selected. Whenever possible, the four units are
contiguous.
Part of the sample is changed, or rotated, each month.
A primary reason for rotating the sample is to avoid
cooperation problems which may result from interview­
ing a constant panel indefinitely. Another reason for
replacing households is to reduce the cumulative effect
of response biases which are sometimes observed when
the same persons are interviewed indefinitely. The ro­
tation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to
be identical from one month to the next and one-half
to be identical with the same month a year earlier.

Sampling procedures

The 1984 sample encompasses 629 sample areas
comprising over 1,000 counties and cities, with cover­
age in every State and the District of Columbia, and is
based to a large extent on information about the distri­
bution of the population as reported in the 1970 decen­
nial census. These areas were selected by dividing the
entire area of the United States into 1,931 primary sam­
pling units (PSU’s). With some minor exceptions, a PSU
consists of a county or number of contiguous counties.

Estimating methods

Under the estimating methods used, all of the results
for a given month become available simultaneously and
are based on returns from the entire panel of respond­
ents. The estimation procedure involves the weighting
up, or inflating, of the data from each sample person
to develop estimates for the entire population from
which the sample was drawn.

1For a technical description o f the CPS sampling and estimation
procedures and variance estimation procedures, see Technical Paper
40, The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology (Bureau
o f the Census, January 1978).

114

through the latest available provisional July 1 estimate,
with all State estimates prorated to a current estimate
of the U.S. population. A description of the
methodology used to derive the independent national
age-sex-race estimates and State totals may be obtain­
ed from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.

The basic weights, which are the inverse of the sam­
pling ratios, are adjusted to better reflect the entire
population, as described below.
1.

2.

Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all inter­
viewed households are inflated to account for occupied
sample households for which no information was ob­
tained because of impassable roads, refusals, unavailabil­
ity of the respondent, or other reasons. The proportion
of sample households not interviewed generally varies
from 4 to 5 percent.
Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population as
estimated by the sample may differ somewhat each month,
by chance, from that of the population as a whole in
such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since
these characteristics are closely correlated with labor
force participation and other principal measurements
made from the sample, the latter estimates can be sub­
stantially improved when adjusted appropriately to con­
form to the known distribution of these population char­
acteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimation as follows:
a.

First-stage ratio estimate. As explained above, NSR
PSU’s are chosen to represent not only themselves,
but also other unsampled areas. The first-stage ratio
adjustment procedure is designed to correct for the
differences that existed at the time of the 1980 census
between the distribution of the population by race and
residence in the NSR sample areas and the correspond­
ing distribution in the entire geographic area from
which the NSR areas were selected. The procedure is
performed twice, once at the regional level for the 4
Census regions and then for each of the 46 States which
contain NSR areas. The first-stage adjustment factors
are derived using the NSR PSU’s in the sample, and
hence, are recomputed only when a new PSU is ro­
tated into the sample.

b.

Second-stage ratio estimate. This stage is designed to
adjust the inflated first-stage estimates to conform to
the most recent estimate of the entire U.S. population,
and is conducted in two steps. In the first step, the
sample estimates for all age-sex-race groups within
each State and the District of Columbia are prorated
to a monthly independent estimate of the population
16 years and over for that State. The second step is
applied to a specific age-sex-race group for sample per­
sons across all States and is a weighting of estimates
from the first step to a nationwide independent esti­
mate of the civilian noninstitutional population for each
of 68 age-sex-race groups. Beginning with the 1981
annual averages, the race groups used in this step have
been changed from white/nonwhite to black/nonblack.
(See appendix A.)
The entire second-stage ratio estimation procedure is
iterated six times, and when completed, insures that
the adjusted sample population estimates, both for the
States arid the national age-sex-race categories, will be
virtually equal to the independent population estimates
for these categories.
The monthly independent State controls for the
civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over
are based on an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend
in their growth from the April 1, 1980, census count

3.

Composite estimate procedure. In deriving the final sta­
tistics for a given month, a composite estimating proce­
dure is used which takes account of net changes in the
sample results from the previous month for the continu­
ing households of the sample (75 percent), as well as the
sample results from all households for the current month.
Almost all estimates of month-to-month changes are im­
proved by this procedure. Most estimates of levels are
also improved, but to a lesser extent.

Reliability of the estimates

Since the estimates in this report are based upon a
sample of the population rather than a complete count,
they may differ from the figures that would have been
obtained if it had been possible to take a complete census
using the same schedules and procedures as are used in
the CPS. There are two types of errors in an estimate
based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The sampling error tables in this report primarily indi­
cate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also
partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors
in response and enumeration, but do not measure any
systematic biases in data.
In general, the error of a sample estimate varies
inversely with the size of the sample and directly with
the size of the estimate. Hence, an estimate for a sub­
group constituting a small proportion of a population
will tend to have a smaller absolute (and larger rela­
tive) error than an estimate for a subgroup constituting
a large proportion of that same population.
Reliability standards

Since the CPS is designed to produce both national
and State estimates, the proportion of the total popula­
tion sampled, and hence, the sampling ratios differ
among the States. In general, the smaller the popula­
tion of the State, the larger the sampling proportion.
For example, in Vermont approximately 1 in every 300
households was sampled each month in 1984, whereas
in New York the sample covered about 1 in every 1,600
households. Nevertheless, the size of the sample in New
York is 4 times larger than in Vermont because New
York has a larger percentage of the national population.
Prior to 1976, the sampling ratio for each household
was the same in each State, approximately 1 in 1,500.
Since then, the samples have been augmented in many
of the smaller States to improve the reliability of the
CPS data. This augmentation has affected the sampling
ratios in these States, so now the probability of select­
ing a particular household varies considerably from
State to State.
115

Differences in the probability of selecting each house­
hold in each State are necessary to obtain total un­
employment levels meeting a minimum level of relia­
bility—a maximum expected annual coefficient of varia­
tion of 10 percent, at one standard error, given a 6 per­
cent unemployment rate. Before CPS labor force data
for a State or area can be used as the official estimates
in the Federal-State cooperative program, the size of
the sample for that area must be large enough to pro­
duce estimates meeting that minimum standard of
reliability.
Publication standards for State and area
CPS data

In order to achieve comparability of the data for re­
gions, divisions, States, SMSA’s, and cities for publica­
tion purposes, a unique requirement for minimum labor
force, employment, and unemployment had to be de­
veloped for each area. This requirement is based on the
known differences in sampling ratios among these areas.
Before estimates are published for a specific category,
a predetermined “critical cell” must contain at least 30
sample cases. In addition, estimates are not published
when they do not meet the comparable minimum pub­
lication standard for national CPS data. As a result of
these two requirements, minimum bases for publication
have been developed for each area. Table B-l lists the
minimum necessary base for publication of data in each
of the regions, divisions, States, the District of Colum­
bia, and the metropolitan areas and cities appearing in
this bulletin.
Estimates are not shown when they do not meet the
minimum base for the State or area listed in table B-l.
In tables showing the labor force status of the popula­
tion, the critical cell is the size of the labor force of the
particular population group. In all other tables, the de­
termining factor or critical cell is the size of the base
of the distribution—i.e., the size of total employment
or unemployment for that area or population subgroup.
Data are not published for any cell with fewer than 500
persons or less than 0.5 percent.
Using the sampling error tables

The sampling error tables (tables B-2 through B-25)
can be used directly to develop 90-percent confidence
intervals for sample estimates. (A sampling error equals
1.645 times one standard error.) They indicate the or­
der of magnitude of the sampling error rather than the
precise amount of the possible error in an estimate.
Table B-10 shows that an estimate of 50,000 un­
employed persons (total or white) in Alabama will have
an absolute sampling error of 9,000, and a relative sam­
pling error of 18 percent, while an estimate of 100,000
unemployed persons in Alabama has an absolute sam­
pling error of 13,000 and a relative sampling error of
13 percent.

The statement that unemployment in Alabama is be­
tween 41,000 and 59,000 in the first instance, and be­
tween 87,000 and 113,000 in the second, is made with
90-percent confidence. If repeated samples were drawn
from the same population and a confidence interval
(based on the sample estimate plus and minus the sam­
pling error) were constructed for each sample estimate,
the true value based on a complete census of the popu­
lation would be contained within 90 percent of these
intervals. Hence, we can be 90-percent confident that
the interval constructed does, in fact, contain the true
value.
To calculate a 68-percent confidence interval (two
chances out of three), multiply the sampling error shown
by 0.6. To convert the sampling error to 95-percent
confidence (19 chances out of 20), multiply the sam­
pling error by 1.19. For the example given above, the
sampling error at 90-percent confidence was 9,000. At
68-percent confidence, the error would be about 5,400
(9,000 X 0.6 = 5,400). At 95-percent confidence, the
error would be about 10,700 (9,000 X 1.19 = 10,710).
To compute the error of a difference from the tables,
an additional step is required. If, for instance, one wishes
to know whether a change in the unemployment rate
from 1983 to 1984 in a particular area is statistically
significant, or whether the difference in the unemploy­
ment rate between two areas or population groups is
statistically meaningful, the significance of the differ­
ence needs to be computed.
To test for the significance of a difference, the fol­
lowing formula should be used:
Ed=

E,2 + E 2 - C
j

where: E, = the sampling error of one group or year
E, = The sampling error of another group or
year
C = the covariance (or relationship) term be­
tween E, and ^
Ea = the sampling error of the difference
The Ei and the E2 must be found in the appropriate
Geographic Profile for each year, since the size of the
samples and, consequently, sampling errors may differ
from year to year. Estimates for the “C” term for areas
in this report are not available. (If the relationship be­
tween the two groups or years is small, the “C” term
may be ignored. If, however, there is a strong positive
relationship between the two groups, then the error
computed without the “C” term will be overstated.)
An example will show how this significance test is ap­
plied. Suppose one wished to know whether a hypo­
thetical change in the CPS unemployment rate in Alaska
from 10.0 percent in 1979 to 8.0 percent in 1984 is sig­
nificant. Assume that the labor force was about 100,000
in both years. Table B-8 in the 1979 Geographic Profile
116

G = published size immediately below the size
desired (100,000)
S =size desired (150,000)
X = error of the F (18,000)
Y = error of G (13,000)
Es = error of S (15,500)

gives the error for a 10.0-percent unemployment rate as
1.11, and table B-14 in this year’s Geographic Profile
gives the error for an 8.0-percent unemployment rate as
1.40. Using the formula described above, the following
would result:
E, = 1.11
E,2

E2 = 1.40

If the sample estimate lies outside the boundaries of
the error tables, extrapolation can be used to approxi­
mate the sampling error. The formula for extrapolation
is the same as that for interpolation; however, the “F”
term is the highest value in the table and the “G ” term
becomes the next highest value.

E22 = 3.1921

\J T a 92\ = 1.79
Assuming a negligible “C” term, the error of the dif­
ference is about 1.8. Since the actual change (2.0 per­
cent) exceeds the error of the difference, it can be stated,
with 90-percent confidence, that the difference in rates
is attributable to factors other than sampling error alone.
To derive a sampling error for a given estimate, it
may be necessary to use interpolation or extrapolation.
For example, table B-10 contains no sampling error for
an estimate of 130,000 unemployed persons in Alabama.
The following formula shows how to interpolate for an
estimate of 130,000 in Alabama:

Derivation of sampling errors

These State and area sampling errors are developed
using a generalized procedure and are not based on the
sample data for each individual area. As with all sam­
pling error tables produced for CPS State and area data,
a number of approximations were required in order to
derive sampling errors that would be applicable to a
wide variety of items. As a result, these sampling er­
rors provide an indication of the order of magnitude of
a sampling error rather than a precise sampling error
for any specific item. The sampling error tables are
derived from standard error equations and special pa­
rameters developed by the Bureau of the Census. These
may be obtained from BLS on request.

Es =[[(S-G) / (F - G)] x (X - Y)] + Y
where: F = published size immediately above the size
desired (200,000)

117

Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of State, Census area, and metropolitan area data
(in thousands)
State or area

Minimum base

Florida..............................................................................................................

46
7
39
31
49
41
46
10
11
54
55
15
14
52
46
42
37
57
41
16

Haw aii..............................................................................................................
Illinois...............................................................................................................

1 nulaiana ...

..................................................................

48
41
48
54
30
48
13
25
14
16

Minnesota........................................................................................................

Nebraska.........................................................................................................

O h io .................................................................................................................

East North Central Division........................................................................

West South Central Division......................................................................
West Region ...................................................................................................
Pacific Division..............................................................................................
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove S M S A ................................................
Atlanta S M S A ............................................................ .....................................
Baltimore S M S A .............................................................................................

Buffalo S M S A .................................................................................................
Chicago S M S A ...............................................................................................
Chicago central c ity ....................................................................................
Cincinnati S M S A ............................................................................................
Cleveland S M S A ............................................................................................
Cleveland central c ity .................................................................................

49
48
47
47
39
49
49
49
48
49
49

Dallas-Fort Worth S M S A ...............................................................................
Dallas central city........................................................................................
Denver-Boulder L M A .....................................................................................
Detroit S M S A ..................................................................................................
Detroit central c ity .......................................................................................
Houston S M S A ...............................................................................................
Houston central c ity ....................................................................................
Indianapolis S M S A .........................................................................................
Kansas' City S M S A .........................................................................................
Los Angeies-Long Beach S M S A ................................................................

49
49
36
49
49
50
50
49
44
49

Miami S M S A ...................................................................................................
Milwaukee S M S A ...........................................................................................
Milwaukee central c ity ................................................................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A .............................................................................
Nassau-Suffolk S M S A ...................................................................................
New York L M A ...............................................................................................
New York central c ity .................................................................................
Newark S M S A ................................................................................................
Philadelphia S M S A ........................................................................................
Philadelphia central city..............................................................................

49
49
49
47
49
45
44
48
48
49

San Francisco-Oakland S M S A ....................................................................
San Jose S M S A .............................................................................................
Seattle-Everett S M S A ....................................................................................
Washington D.C. S M S A ................................................................................

49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
38

39
12
55
67
24
9
98
61
24
69
6

Texas ...............................................................................................................
Utah .................................................................................................................
Virginia.............................................................................................................

65
51
70
68
73
55
66
68
63
67
60
37
68

Middle Atlantic Division................................................................................

48
17
47
71
11
50
37
39
49
17

New Y o rk ........................................................................................................
North Carolina................................................................................................

Minimum base

State or area

Table B-2. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated numbers of unemployed total or white persons by
Census area
(in thousands)
Census area

Middle Atlantic Division...................................................................................

West South Central Division..........................................................................
West Region.......................................................................................................

25

50

100

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,500

2,000

8
7
6
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
8
6
8

11
10
12
11
12
10
11
11
11
11
11
8
12

16
14
17
16
17
15
16
16
16
16
15
12
16

22
20
23
23
24
21
23
23
22
23
22
17
23

32
28
33
32
34
29
32
32
31
32
31
24
32

39

45

50

61

71

40
40
41
36
39
40
38
39
37

47
46
47

52
51
53

64
62
65

72
75

80

45
46

50
51

62
62

71

79

45
43

48

59

68

40

46

51

63

118

2,500

5,000

111

Table B-3. Sam pling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estim ated num bers of unem ployed black and o ther persons
by Census area
(in thousands)
Census area

2

5

10

20

25

50

100

200

400

Northeast R egion...................................................................................................................................
New England Division .........................................................................................................................
Middle Atlantic Division........................................................................................................................
North Central Region.............................................................................................................................
East North Central Division................................................................................................................
West North Central Division...............................................................................................................
South Region..........................................................................................................................................
South Atlantic Division........................................................................................................................
East South Central Division................................................................................................................
West South Central Division ..............................................................................................................
West Region ...........................................................................................................................................
Mountain Division..................................................................................................................................
Pacific Division......................................................................................................................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

4
3
4
4
4
3
3
4
3
3
3
2
4

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7

8
8
8
8
8
7
8
8
7
8
8
6
8

12
11
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
11
8
11

16
—
16
16
17
15
16
16
15
16
15
—

23
—
23
23
24
—
22
22
21
22
22
—

33
—
33
33
33
—
31
32
—
—
31
—

16

22

—

600

800

1,000

—
—

_
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—
—

—
_
—
49
_
—
_
__
_

—

—

—

—

—

—

_

—
38

_
44

—
—

Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated labor force and employment for total or
white persons by Census area
(in thousands)
Census area

50

100

250

500

1,000

Northeast Region.......................................................................................................................................
New England Division..............................................................................................................................
Middle Atlantic Division ...........................................................................................................................
North Central R egion................................................................................................................................
East North Central Division....................................................................................................................
West North Central Division...................................................................................................................
South Region..............................................................................................................................................
South Atlantic Division.............................................................................................................................
East South Central Division....................................................................................................................
West South Central Division...................................................................................................................
West Region...............................................................................................................................................
Mountain Division.....................................................................................................................................
Pacific Division..........................................................................................................................................

15
13
16
15
16
14
15
15
15
15
14
11
15

21
19
22
22
22
19
21
21
21
21
20
16
22

34
30
35
34
35
31
34
34
33
34
32
25
34

47
42
49
48
50
43
47
48
46
47
46
36
49

67
59
69
68
71
61
67
68
65
67
64
50
68

2,500

5,000

7,500

105
93
109
107
111
96
105
106
103
105
101
79
108

147
130
153
150
156
135
147
149
144
147
142
111
151

179
158
185
182
189
163
179
180
174
179
172
134
183

209

35,000

40,000

10,000

204
—

212
208
216
187
204
206
_
_

204
196
_
_

12,500

20,000

25,000

226

245

277

302

—

_

234
230
239

254
249
259

287
281
292

_
_

_
_

_
_

I

307

328
—

—

_
_

-

-

226
228

245
247

276
279

302
--

323

340
—

354
—

226
217

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

I

235

266

290

-

-

-

231

Northeast Region ...................
New England Division..........
Middle Atlantic Division.......
North Central Region..............
East North Central Division
West North Central Division
South R egion.......................... .
South Atlantic Division..........
East South Central Division ..
West South Central Division .
West Region.............................
Mountain Division..................
Pacific Division........................

15,000

250

283

-

-

-

-

—

30,000

—

Table B-5. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated labor force and employment for
black and other persons by Census area
(in thousands)
50

119

100

250

500

1,000

2,500

14
13
14
14
15
13
14
14
13
14
13
10
14

Census area

20
19
20
20
21
18
19
20
19
20
19
15
19

32
30
32
32
33
29
31
31
29
31
29
23
30

45

63

99

45
45
46

64
64
65

101
100

43
44
41
44
42

61
62
58
62
59

96
98

92

43

60

95

5,000

7,500

135
137

163

Table B-6. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for total or white persons by
Census area
Census area and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

All other Regions and Divisions
2 ..............................................................................................................................................
5 ..............................................................................................................................................
1 0 ............................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................................................................
2 5 ............................................................................................................................................
5 0 ............................................................................................................................................
100 .........................................................................................................................................

500 .........................................................................................................................................

1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500

......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

7,500 ......................................................................................................................................
10,000 ....................................................................................................................................
12,500 ....................................................................................................................................
15,000 ....................................................................................................................................
20,000 ....................................................................................................................................
25,000 ....................................................................................................................................
30,000 ....................................................................................................................................
35,000 ....................................................................................................................................
40,000 ....................................................................................................................................

Estimated rate (percent)
1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

11.23
7.10
5.02
3.55
3.18
2.25
1.59
1.12
1.00
.79
.71
.65
.56
.50
.41
.36
.32
.22
.18
.16
.14
.13
.11
.10
.09
.08
.08

15.74
9.95
7.04
4.98
4.45
3.15
2.23
1.57
1.41
1.11
1.00
.91
.79
.70
.57
.50
.45
.31
.26
.22
.20
.18
.16
.14
.13
.12
.11

21.85
13.82
9.77
6.91
6.18
4.37
3.09
2.18
1.95
1.54
1.38
1.26
1.09
.98
.80
.69
.62
.44
.36
.31
.28
.25
.22
.20
.18
.17
.16

26.25
16.60
11.74
8.30
7.42
5.25
3.71
2.62
2.35
1.86
1.66
1.52
1.31
1.17
.96
.83
.74
.53
.43
.37
.33
.30
.26
.24
.22
.20
.19

29.70
18.79
13.28
9.39
8.40
5.94
4.20
2.97
2.66
2.10
1.88
1.72
1.49
1.33
1.09
.94
.84
.59
.49
.42
.38
.34
.30
.27
.24
.23
.21

32.52
20.57
14.54
10.28
9.20
6.50
4.60
3.25
2.91
2.30
2.06
1.88
1.63
1.46
1.19
1.03
.92
.65
.53
.46
.41
.38
.33
.29
.27
.25
.23

37.65
23.81
16.84
11.91
10.65
7.53
5.32
3.77
3.37
2.66
2.38
2.17
1.88
1.68
1.38
1.19
1.07
.76
.62
.54
.48
.44
.38
.34
.31
.29
.27

40.79
25.80
18.24
12.90
11.54
8.16
5.77
4.08
3.65
2.89
2.58
2.36
2.04
1.83
1.49
1.29
1.16
.82
.67
.58
.52
.48
.42
.37
.34
.32
.30

42.40
26.82
18.96
13.41
11.99
8.48
6.00
4.24
3.79
3.00
2.68
2.45
2.12
1.90
1.55
1.34
1.20
.85
.70
.61
.54
.50
.43
.39
.36
.33
.32

10.71
6.77
4.79
3.39
3.03
2.14
1.51
1.07
.96
.76
.68
.62
.54
.48
.39
.34
.30
.21
.17
.15
.14
.12
.11
.10

15.00
9.49
6.71
4.74
4.24
3.00
2.12
1.50
1.34
1.06
.95
.87
.75
.67
.55
.47
.42
.30
.25
.21
.19
.17
.15
.13

20.82
13,17
9,31
6.58
5.89
4.16
2.94
2.08
1.86
1.47
1.32
1.20
1.04
.93
.76
.66
.59
.42
.34
.29
.26
.24
.21
.19

25.01
15.81
11.18
7.91
7.07
5.00
3.54
2.50
2.24
1.77
1.58
1.44
1.25
1.12
.91
.79
.71
.50
.41
.35
.32
.29
.25
.22

28.29
17.89
12.65
8.95
8.00
5.68
4.00
2.83
2.53
2.00
1.79
1.63
1.41
1.27
1.03
.90
.80
.57
.46
.40
.36
.33
.28
.25

30.96
19.58
13.85
9.79
8.76
8.19
4.38
3.10
2.77
2.19
1.96
1.79
1.55
1.39
1.13
.98
.88
.62
.51
.44
.39
.36
.31
.28

35.80
22.64
16.01
11.32
10.12
7.16
5.06
3.58
3.20
2.53
2.26
2.07
1.79
1.60
1.31
1.13
1.01
.72
.59
.51
.46
.42
.36
.33

38.73
24.49
17.32
12.25
10.95
7.75
5.48
3.87
3.46
2.74
2.45
2.24
1.94
1.73
1.42
1.23
1.10
.78
.64
.55
.50
.45
.39
.35

40.17
25.41
17.97
12.70
11.36
8.04
5.68
4.02
3.59
2.84
2.54
2.32
2.01
1.80
1.47
1.27
1.14
.81
.66
.58
.52
.47
.41
.37

8.39
5.30
3.75
2.66
2.37
1.68
1.19
.84
.75
.59
.53
.48
.42
.38
.31
.27
.24
.17
.14

11.75
7.43
5.26
3.72
3.32
2.35
1.66
1.18
1.05
.83
.74
.68
.59
.53
.43
.37
.33
.24
.19

16.31
10.32
7.29
5.16
4.61
3.26
2.31
1.63
1.46
1.15
1.03
.94
.82
.73
.60
.52
.46
.33
.27

19.59
12.39
8.76
8.20
5.54
3.92
2.77
1.96
1.75
1.39
1.24
1.13
.98
.88
.72
.62
.55
.39
.32

22.17
14.02
9.91
7.01
6.27
4.43
3.14
2.22
1.98
1.57
1.40
1.28
1.11
.99
.81
.70
.63
.44
.36

24.27
15.35
10.85
7.67
6.86
4.85
3.43
2.43
2.17
1.72
1.53
1.40
1.21
1.09
.89
.77
.69
.49
.40

28.07
17.75
12.55
8.88
7.94
5.61
3.97
2.81
2.51
1.99
1.78
1.62
1.40
1.26
1.03
.89
.80
.56
.46

30.38
19.21
13.59
9.61
8.59
6.08
4.30
. 3.04
2.72
2.15
1.92
1.76
1.52
1.36
1.11
.96
.86
.61
.50

31.54
19.95
14.10
9.97
8.92
6.31
4.46
3.15
2.82
2.23
2.00
1.82
1.58
1.41
1.15
1.00
.89
.63
.52

West Region, and New England, West North Central, and East South Central
Divisions

1 0 0 .........................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................

500 .........................................................................................................................................
800 .........................................................................................................................................
1,500 ......................................................................................................................................
2,000 ......................................................................................................................................
2,500 ......................................................................................................................................
5,000 ......................................................................................................................................
7,500 ......................................................................................................................................
10,000 ....................................................................................................................................
12,500 ....................................................................................................................................
15,000 ....................................................................................................................................
20,000 ....................................................................................................................................
25,000 ....................................................................................................................................
Mountain Division
2 ..............................................................................................................................................
5 ..............................................................................................................................................
1 0 ............................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................................................................

500 .........................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................
800 .........................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................
1,500 ......................................................................................................................................

120

Table B-7. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for black and other persons
by Census area
Census area and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

East North Central Division
2 ..............................................................................................
5 ..............................................................................................
1 0 ............................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................
2 5 ............................................................................................
5 0 ............................................................................................
1 0 0 .........................................................................................

.....................................................

.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.......................................... ..............................................

1,000
1,500

2,000

..

2 0 ..
2 5 ....
5 0 ....

100

..

250
400
500
600
800

..
..
..
..
..

..

1,000
1.500

2,000
2.500
5,000
7.500

5 ....

1 0 ...

20 ...
100
200
250
400

6

8

10

15

20

25

11.69
7.39
5.23
3.70
3.31
2.34
1.65
1.17
1.05
.83
.74
.68
.58
.52
.43
.37

16.41
10.38
7.34
5.19
4.64
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.47
1.16
1.04
.95
.82
.73
.60
.52

22.83
14.44
10.21
7.22
6.46
4.57
3.23
2.28
2.04
1.61
1.44
1.32
1.14
1.02
.83
.72

27.50
17.39
12.30
8.70
7.78
5.50
3.89
2.75
2.46
1.94
1.74
1.59
1.38
1.23
1.00
.87

31.21
19.74
13.96
9.87
8.83
6.24
4.41
3.12
2.79
2.21
1.97
1.80
1.56
1.40
1.14
.99

34.27
21.68
15.33
10.84
9.69
6.85
485
3.43
3.07
2.42
2.17
1.98
1.71
1.53
1.25
1.08

40.02
25.31
17.90
12.66
11.32
8.00
5.66
4.00
3.58
2.83
2.53
2.31
2.00
1.79
1.46
1.27

43.83
27.72
19.60
13.86
12.40
8.77
6.20
4.38
3.92
3.10
2.77
2.53
2.19
1.96
1.60
1.39

46.20
29.22
20.66
14.61
13.07
9.24
6.53
4.62
4.13
3.27
2.92
2.67
2.31
2.07
1.69
1.46

15.34
9.70
6.86
4.85
4.34
3.07
2.17
1.53
1.37
1.08
.97
89
.77
.69
.56
.49
.43
.31
.25

21.34
13.49
9.54
6.75
6.04
4.27
3.02
2.13
1.91
1.51
1.35
1.23
1.07
.95
.78
.67
.60
.43
.35

25.70
16.25
11.49
8.13
7.27
5.14
3.63
2.57
2.30
1.82
1.63
1.48
1.28
1.15
.94
.81
.73
.51
.42

29.16
18.44
13.04
9.22
8.25
5.83
4.12
2.92
2.61
2.06
1.84
1.68
1.46
1.30
1.07
.92
.83
.58
.48

32.02
20.25
14.32
10.12
9.06
6.40
4.53
3.20
2.86
2.26
2.03
1.85
1.60
1.43
1.17
1.01
.91
.64
.52

37.36
23.63
16.71
11.82
10.57
7.47
5.28
3.74
3.34
2.64
2.36
2.16
1.87
1.67
1.37
1.18
1.06
.75
.61

40.90
25.87
18.29
12.93
11.57
8.18
5.78
4.09
3.66
2.89
2.59
2.36
2.05
1.83
1.49
1.29
1.16
.82
.67

43.07
27.24
19.26
13.62
12.18
8.61
6.09
4.31
3.85
3.05
2.73
2.49
2.15
1.93
1.57
1.36
1.22
.87
.71

7.80
4.93
3.49
2.47
2.21
1.56
1.10
.78
.70
.55

10.93
6.92
4.89
3.46
3.09
2.19
1.55
1.09
.98
.77

15.18
9.60
6.79
4.80
4.29
3.04
2.15
1.52
1.36
1.07

18.24
11.54
8.16
5.77
5.16
3.65
2.58
1.82
1.63
1.29

20.65
13.06
9.24
6.53
5.84
4.13
2.92
2.07
1.85
1.46

22.62
14.31
10.12
7.15
6.40
4.52
3.20
2.26
2.02
1.60

26.21
16.58
11.72
8.29
7.41
5.24
3.71
2.62
2.34
1.85

28.43
17.98
12.71
8.99
8.04
5.69
4.02
2.84
2.54
2.01

29.59
18.72
13.23
9.36
8.37
5.92
4.19
2.96
2.65
2.09

Mountain Division

2 ..

2 5 ..
5 0 ..

4

All Regions, and all other Divisions

2 ....
5 ......

200

2

10.93
6.91
4.89
3.46
3.09
2.19
1.55
1.09
.98
.77
.69
.63
.55
.49
.40
.35
.31
.22
.18

200
250
400
500
600
800

10

Estimated rate (percent)
1

.
.

Table B-8. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for total or white persons
by Census area
Census area and size of
population
(in thousands)

All other Regions and Divisions
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ............................................................................ ..................................................................................
1 0 ................. ...........................................................................................................................................
2 0 ................................................................................................................ ............................................
2 5 ......... ...................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ................................ .........................................................................................................................
400 ..... ....................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1 , 0 0 0 ......:...............................................................................................................................................
1,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
2.000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 ........................... ...........................................................................................................................
5,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
10,000
12,500
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000

....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................

40,000 ....................................................................................................................................................
60,000 ....................................................................................................................................................

Estimated rate (percent)
2 or 98

5 or 95

20 or 80

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

21.02
13.29
9.40
6.65
5.94
4.20
2.97
2.10
1.88
1.49
1.33
1.21
1.05
.94
.77
.66
.59
.42
.34
.30
.27
.24
.21
.19
.17
.16
.15
.13
.12

32.72
20.69
14.63
10.35
9.25
6.54
4.63
3.27
2.93
2.31
2.07
1.89
1.64
1.46
1.19
1.03
.93
.65
.53
.46
.41
.38
.33
.29
.27
.25
.23
.21
.19

60.05
37.98
26.85
18.99
16.98
12.01
8.49
6.00
5.37
4.25
3.80
3.47
3.00
2.69
2.19
1.90
1.70
1.20
.98
.85
.76
.69
.60
.54
.49
.45
.42
.38
.35

68.79
43.51
30.76
21.75
19.46
13.76
9.73
6.88
6.15
4.86
4.35
3.97
3.44
3.08
2.51
2.18
1.95
1.38
1.12
.97
.87
.79
.69
.62
.56
.52
.49
.44
.40

73.54
46.51
32.89
23.26
20.80
14.71
10.40
7.35
6.58
5.20
4.65
4.25
3.68
3.29
2.69
2.33
2.08
1.47
1.20
1.04
.93
.85
.74
.66
.60
.56
.52
.47
.42

75.06
47.47
33.57
23.74
21.23
15.01
10.61
7.51
6.71
5.31
4.75
4.33
3.75
3.36
2.74
2.37
2.12
1.50
1.23
1.06
.95
.87
.75
.67
.61
.57
.53
.47
.43

20.21
12.78
9.04
6.39
5.72
4.04
2.86
2.02
1.81
1.43
1.28
1.17
1.01
.90
.74
.64
.57
.40
.33
.29
26
.23
.20
.18
.17
.15

31.46
19.90
14.07
9.95
8.90
6.29
4.45
3.15
2.81
2.22
1.99
1.82
1.57
1.41
1.15
.99
.89
.63
.51
.44
.40
.36
.31
.28
.26
.24

57.74
36.52
25.82
18.26
16.33
11.55
8.17
5.77
5.16
4.08
3.65
3.33
2.89
2.58
2.11
1.83
1.63
1.15
.94
.82
.73
.67
.58
.52
.47
.44

66.16
41.84
29.59
20.92
18.71
13.23
9.36
6.62
5.92
4.68
4.18
3.82
3.31
2.96
2.42
2.09
1.87
1.32
1.08
.94
.84
.76
.66
.59
.54
.50

70.72
44.73
31.63
22.36
20.00
14.14
10.00
7.07
6.33
5.00
4.47
4.08
3.54
3.16
2.58
2.24
2.00
1.41
1.15
1.00
.89
.82
.71
.63
.58
.53

72.18
45.65
32.28
22.83
20.42
14.44
10.21
7.22
6.46
5.10
4.57
4.17
3.61
3.23
2.64
2.28
2.04
1.44
1.18
1.02
.91
.83
.72
.65
.59
.55

15.78
9.98
7.06
4.99
4.46
3.16
2.23
1.58
1.41
1.12
1.00
.91
.79
.71
.58
.50
.45
.32
.26
.22

24.57
15.54
10.99
7.77
6.95
4.91
3.47
2.46
2.20
1.74
1.55
1.42
1.23
1.10
.90
.78
.69
.49
.40
.35

45.10
28.52
20.17
14.26
12.76
9.02
6.38
4.51
4.03
3.19
2.85
2.60
2.25
2.02
1.65
1.43
1.28
.90
.74
.64

51.66
32.68
23.11
16.34
14.61
10.33
7.31
5.17
4.62
3.65
3.27
2.98
2.58
2.31
1.89
1.63
1.46
1.03
.84
.73

55.23
34.93
24.70
17.47
15.62
11.05
7.81
5.52
4.94
3.91
3.49
3.19
2.76
2.47
2.02
1.75
1.56
1.10
.90
.78

56.37
35.65
25.21
17.83
15.94
11.27
7.97
5.64
5.04
3.99
3.57
3.25
2.82
2.52
2.06
1.78
1.59
1.13
.92
.80

West Region, and New England, West North Central, and East South Central Divisions
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 .......................................................................:.................................................................................
800 .................. .......................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
1 , 5 0 0 .................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
7,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
10,000 ....................................................................................................................................................
12,500 ....................................................................................................................................................
15,000 ....................................................................................................................................................
20,000 ....................................................................................................................................................
25,000 ....................................................................................................................................................
30,000 ....................................................................................................................................................
35,000 ....... ............................................................................................................................................
Mountain Division
2 ..............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 ............................................................................................... .............................................................

600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
7,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
10,000 .....................................................................................................................................................

Table B-9. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for black and other
persons by Census area
Estimated rate (percent)

Census area and size of
population
(in thousands)

40 or 60

50

5 or 95

20.46
12.94
9.15
6.47
5.79
4.09
2.89
2.05
1.83
1.45
1.29
1.18
1.02
.92
.75
.65
.58
.41

31.85
20.14
14.24
10.07
9.01
6.37
4.50
3.19
2.85
2.25
2.01
1.84
1.59
1.42
1.16
1.01
.90
.64

58.46
36.97
26.14
18.49
16.53
11.69
8.27
5.85
5.23
4.13
3.70
3.38
2.92
2.61
2.13
1.85
1.65
1.17

66.97
42.36
29.95
21.18
18.94
13.39
9.47
6.70
5.99
4.74
4.24
3.87
3.35
3.00
2.45
2.12
1.89
1.34

71.60
45.26
32.02
22.64
20.25
14.32
10.13
7.16
6.40
5.06
4.53
4.13
3.58
3.20
2.61
2.26
2.03
1.43

73.07
46.22
32.68
23.11
20.67
14.61
10.33
7.31
6.54
5.17
4.62
4.22
3.65
3.27
2.67
2.31
2.07
1.46

5 ..............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ................................................................................... ......................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
2^000 .......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
7,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
10,000 .....................................................................................................................................................
12 500 .......
.................
......
.... ..............................

19.22
12.15
8.59
6.08
5.44
3.84
2.72
1.92
1.72
1 36
1.22
1.11
.96
.86
.70
.61
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24

29.91
18.92
13.38
9.46
8.46
5.98
4.23
2 99
2.68
2.12
1.89
1.73
1.50
1.34
1.09
.95
.85
.60
.49
.42
.38

54.90
34.72
24.55
17.36
15.53
10.98
7.76
5.49
4.91
3.88
3.47
3.17
2.75
2.46
2.00
1.74
1.55
1.10
.90
.78
.69

62.90
39.78
28.13
19.89
17.79
12.58
8.90
6.29
5.63
4.45
3.98
3.63
3.14
2.81
2.30
1.99
1.78
1.26
1.03
.89
.80

67.24
42.53
30.07
21.26
19.02
13.45
9.51
6.72
6.01
4.75
4.25
3.88
3.36
3.01
2.46
2.13
1.90
1.34
1.10
.95
.85

68.63
43.40
30.69
21.70
19.41
13.73
9.71
6.86
6.14
4.85
4.34
3.96
3.43
3.07
2.51
2.17
1.94
1.37
1.12
.97
.87

Mountain Division
2 ...........................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................

14.51
9.18
6.49
4.59
4.11
2.90
2.05
1.45
1.30
1.03
.92

22.59
14.29
10.10
7.14
6.39
4.52
3.20
2.26
2.02
1.60
1.43

41.47
26.23
18.55
13.11
11.73
8.29
5.86
4.15
3.71
2.93
2.62

47.51
30.05
21.25
15.02
13.44
9.50
6.72
4.75
4.25
3.36
3.00

50.79
32.12
22.71
16.06
14.36
10.16
7.18
5.08
4.54
3.59
3.21

51.83
32.78
23.18
16.39
14.66
10.37
7.33
5.18
4.64
3.67
3.28

East North Central Division
2 ..........................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 ..................................................................................................................................................... ......
100 ......... ...............................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 .................................................... .....................................................................................................
1,000 ............................................... .......................................................................................................
l ’500 ................................................................................................................................................... .
2^000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2^500 ....................................................................................... ..............................................................
5.000 .......................................................................................................................................................................

20 or 80

30 or 70

2 or 98

All Regions, and all other Divisions
2 ............................

123

Table B-10. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployed total or white persons by State
(in thousands)
50

100

200

400

600

800

1,000

7
—
6
5
7
6
6
3
3
7

9
—
8
8
9
9
8
—
4
10

13
—
11
11
13
12
11
—
—
14

18
—
—
—
18
—
—
—
—
20

—
—
—
26
—
—
—
—
28

—
—
—
31
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
36
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
40
—
—
—
—

—

—

—

6
3
3
6
6
6
5
7
6
3

7
3
4
7
6
6
6
7
6
4

10
—
5
10
9
9
8
10
9
5

14
—
—
14
13
12
12
15
12
—

20
—
—
19
18
—
—
20
17
—

—
—
—
27
25
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

—

4
3
4
5
3
4
2
3
2
2

5
5
6
6
5
6
3
4
3
3

6
5
7
7
5
7
3
5
4
3

8
7
10
10
7
9
5
7
5
—

12
11
13
14
10
13
—
—
—

16
15
19
20
—
19
—
—
—

_
—
26
—
—
—
—
—
—

_
—
32
—
—
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
_

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4
3
4
5
2
4
4
4
4
2

6
4
6
7
3
6
5
5
6
3

6
4
6
8
—
6
6
6
6
3

9
6
9
12
—
9
8
8
9
5

12
—
13
16
—
13
11
11
13
—

17
—
18
23
—
18
—
15
18
—

24
—
25
—
—
25
—
—
25
—

_
—
31
—
—
—
—
—
—

_
—
35
—
_
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
_
—
—
—
—
—

—

—

—

16
—
20
23
—
—
27
21

_
—
—
32
—
—
—

_
—
—

_
—
—

—

—

—
—

—
—

~

_
—
—
_
—
—
—
~

—

—

—

—

—

23

—

—

—

—

—

—

State

5

10

20

A labam a...............................................
Alaska ...................................................
Arizona ..................................................
Arkansas...............................................
California ..............................................
Colorado...............................................
Connecticut..........................................
Delaware ..............................................
District of Columbia.............................
Florida....................................................

3
1
3
2
3
3
3
1
1
3

4
2
4
3
4
4
4
2
2
5

6
2
5
5
6
6
5
2
2
6

Georgia.................................................
H aw aii...................................................
Idaho......................................................
Illinois.....................................................
Indiana...................................................
Io w a ......................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Kentucky................................................
Louisiana..............................................
M a in e .....................................................

3
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
2

5
2
2
4
4
4
4
5
4
2

Maryland...............................................
Massachusetts.....................................
M ichigan...............................................
Minnesota.............................................
Mississippi............................................
Missouri ................................................
M ontana...............................................
Nebraska..............................................
Nevada .................................................
New Hampshire...................................

3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
2
1

New Jersey..........................................
New M exico.........................................
New York .............................................
North Carolina .....................................
North D a k o ta .......................................
Ohio ......................................................
O klahom a.............................................
Oregon..................................................
Pennsylvania........................................
Rhode Island .......................................

3
2
3
4
1
3
3
3
3
2

South Carolina.....................................
South D akota.......................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Texas ....................................................
U ta h ......................................................
Verm ont................................................
Virginia..................................................
Washington..........................................
West Virginia........................................
Wisconsin.............................................
Wyoming...............................................

3
2
3
4
2
1
4
3
2
4
1

4
2
5
5
3
2
6
5
3
5
2

5
3
6
7
4
2
9
7
4
7
2

25

6
—
7
8
5
—

10
8
4
8
—

8
—
10
11
7
—
14
11
6
11
—

124

12
—
14
16
—
—

19
15
9
16

—

—

—

—

Table B-11. Sampling errora at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployed black and othsr persons by State
(in thousands)
State

Alabama..............................................
A laska..................................................
Arizona.................................................
Arkansas.............................................
California.............................................
Colorado.............................................
Connecticut........................................
Delaware.............................................
District of Columbia...........................
Florida.................................................

2

10

20

25

50

100

3
1
3
2
3
3
3
1
1
3

4
2
—
3
4
4
4
2
2
5

6
—
—
5
6
—
5
—
3
7

7
—
—
5
7
~
—
—
3
7

10
—
—
8
9
—
—
~
—
10

13
—
—
—
13
—
—
~
—
15

7
3
—
6
6
—
—
7
6
—

7
—
—
7
7
—
—

10
—
—
10
9
—
—
—
9
—

15
—
—
14
—
—

5
5
6
—
5

—

6
—
7
—
5
7
—
—
—

10
—
—
—

—

—

—

—

9
—
9
12
—
9

13
—
13
17
—
13

5

2
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2

G eorgia...............................................
Hawaii .................................................
Id ah o ....................................................
Illinois..................................................
Indiana.................................................
Iow a......................................................
Kansas ................................................
Kentucky..............................................
Louisiana............................................
M a in e ...................................................

2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1

3
1
—
3
3
3
3
3
3
—

5
2
—
4
4
4
4
5
4
—

Maryland..............................................
Massachusetts...................................
M ichigan.............................................
Minnesota...........................................
Mississippi..........................................
Missouri................................................
Montana...............................................
Nebraska............................................
Nevada ................................................
New Hampshire.................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
1

3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
2
—

4
3
4
—
3
4
—
—
2
—

New J erse y........................................
New M exico .......................................
New Y o rk............................................
North Carolina....................................
North Dakota......................................
O hio......................................................
O klahom a ......................................
O regon.................................................
Pennsylvania......................................
Rhode Island......................................

2

3
2
3
4
—

4
3
4
5
—
4
4
4
4

7
—
6
5
5
6

—

—

South Carolina...................................
South Dakota.....................................
Tennessee ..........................................
Texas ...................................................
U tah ......................................................
Verm ont..............................................
Virginia................................................
Washington ........................................
West Virginia......................................
Wisconsin...........................................
Wyoming.............................................

1
1
1
1
2
2

1
2
2
2
2

1
2

1
2
2
1
1
3
2

3
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
4

—

6

6

4

—
7

6

4

5

e
—
7

—
—

13

—

6

—

5
5

7
7
—

—

—

—

—

—

9
7
—
7
—

10
—
—
—
—

2

4

125

—
—

9

—

1

—
—

—
—

—

—

5
—
5
—

8

12
—
14
—
11
—

7

—

6

8
—
10
—

—
12
—

—

—

4
3
2

1

6
—

6
—

7
8

9

—

10
12

—

—
14
—
—
—
—

12

200

—
—
—
19
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
19
—
—
—
—
—
_
—
19
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
18
—
—

—
—
—
—
—

_

—
—

—
—
—
—
—

19
—
—
—
—

—
~
—
““

—

15
16

—

Table B-12. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated labor force and employment for total or
white persons by State
(in thousands)
State

25

50

100

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

5,000

7,500

10,000

Alabama...............................................................
A lask a..................................................................
Arizona .................................................................
Arkansas ..............................................................
California..............................................................
Colorado..............................................................
Connecticut.........................................................
Delaware..............................................................

11
4
10
9
12
11
10
5
5
12

16
5
14
13
16
15
15
6
7
18

22
4
19
18
23
20
20
7
8
25

30
—
25
23
32
27
27
4
6
34

35
—
29
26
39
31
32
—

38
—
31
27
45
33
34
—

41
—
31
26
50
34
36
—

42
—
23
14
61
31
35
—

38
—
—
—
69
12
27
—

—
—
—
76
—
—
—

—
—
—
98
—
—
—

—
—
—
107
—
—
—

—
—
—
106
—
—
—

Florida..................................................................

8
3
7
7
8
8
7
3
4
9

41

47

52

61

67

71

67

G eorgia................................................................
Hawaii ..................................................................
Idaho....................................................................
Illinois...................................................................
Indiana.................................................................
Iow a......................................................................
Kansas .................................................................
Kentucky..............................................................
Louisiana.............................................................
Maine ...................................................................

9
4
4
9
8
8
7
9
8
5

12
6
6
12
11
11
10
12
11
6

17
8
8
17
16
15
14
17
15
9

24
10
11
24
22
21
19
24
21
12

33
10
11
33
31
28
25
33
29
13

40
—
—
40
36
32
29
38
34
12

44
—
—
46
41
34
30
42
37
—

48
—
—
51
44
35
30
44
40

54
—
—
67
51
—
—
38
38
—

50
—
—
71
49
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
76
—
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
46
—
—
—
—
—

—

53
—
—
60
49
33
22
45
42
—

—

—

M aryland..............................................................
Massachusetts...................................................
Michigan ..............................................................
Minnesota............................................................
Mississippi...........................................................
Missouri................................................................
Montana...............................................................
Nebraska.............................................................
Nevada.................................................................
New Hampshire.................................................

8
7
8
9
7
8
4
6
4
4

11
10
12
12
9
12
6
8
6
6

15
14
17
17
13
16
8
11
8
8

21
19
23
24
17
23
10
15
10
10

29
27
33
32
23
32
9
19
9
11

34
32
39
38
26
37
—
20
—

38
36
45
42
27
42
—
18
—

40
39
49
45
27
45
—
—
—

43
44
57
48
18
50
—
—
—

41
46
63
46
—
50
—
—
—

35
46
67
37
—
47
—
—
—

_
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

New Jerse y.........................................................
New Mexico ........................................................
New Y o rk.............................................................
North Carolina.....................................................
North Dakota.......................................................
O hio......................................................................
O klahom a............................................................
O regon.................................................................
Pennsylvania.......................................................

8
5
8
10
4
8
7
7
8
4

11
7
11
13
5
12
10
10
12
6

16
10
16
19
7
16
14
14
16
8

22
13
23
' 26
8
23
19
19
23
11

31
15
32
36
6
32
26
26
32
12

37
14
39
43
—
39
30
30
39

42
—
44
49
—
44
32
31
44

46
—
49
53
—
49
33
32
49

53
—
59
59
—
57
31
27
58

57
—
67
61
—
64
—
64

59
—
73
60
—
68
—
—
69

36
—
90
—
—
71
—
—
77

_
—
93
—
—
35
—
—
57

_
—
81
—
—
—
—
—
—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

South Carolina...................................................
South Dakota......................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................
Texas ...................................................................
U tah ......................................................................
Verm ont...............................................................
Virginia.................................................................
Washington .........................................................
West Virginia.......................................................
Wisconsin ............................................................

7
4

10
5
12
13

15
7
17
19
11
5
22
18
11
19
6

20

27
7
33
37
17
—
42
34
19
37

31
—
39
45
16
—
50
40
21

33
—
44
52
12
—
56

34
—
47
57
—
—
60
47
—
52

31
—
51
68
—
—
67
50
—
58

—
50
76
—
—
68
47
—
58

—
43
82
—
—
65
—
—
53

—
—
94
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
79
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

9

10
6
3
11
9

6
10

8

4
16
13
8

14

9

24
27
14
6
30
25
15
27
6

44

126

44

21
49

—

61
—
—
—
—
_

-

12,500

—
—
—
95
—
—
—

-

-

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

__
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

—

—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

__
—
—
—
—
—
—
_
—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

Table B-13. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated labor force and employment for black and
other persons by State
(in thousands)
20

25

50

100

200

400

Alabama..............................................
A laska..................................................
Arizona.................................................
Arkansas .............................................
California.............................................
Colorado.............................................
Connecticut........................................
Delaware.............................................
District of Columbia...........................
Florida..................................................

5
2
5
4
5
5
5
2
2
6

7
2
6
6
7
7
7
3
3
8

8
3
7
7
8
7
7
3
4
9

11
4
10
9
12
11
10
5
5
12

16
—
14
13
16
15
15
—
7
18

22
—
—
18
23

30
—
—
—
32

20
~
8
25

—
—
—
34

G eorgia................................................
H aw aii..................................................
Id ah o ....................................................
Illinois...................................................
Indiana................................................
Iow a......................................................
Kansas ................................................
Kentucky.............................................
Louisiana.............................................

6
3
3
5
5
5
5
6
5

8
4
—
8
7
7
6
8
7

9
4
—
8
8
8
7
9
8

12
6
—
12
11
—
10
12
11

17
8
—
17
16
—
14
17
15

24
10
—
24
22

33
10
—
33
—
—
—

Maryland.............................................
Massachusetts...................................
M ichigan.............................................
Minnesota...........................................
Mississippi..........................................
Missouri................................................
M ontana..............................................
Nebraska.............................................
Nevada ................................................
New Hampshire.................................

5
4
5
5
4
5
3
4
3
3

7
6
7
8
6
7
4
5
4
—

8
7
8
9
6
8
—
6
4
—

11
10
12
12
9
12
—
8
6

15
14
17
—
13
16
—
—
—

21
19
23
—
17
23

New Jerse y........................................
New M exico .......................................
New Y ork............................................
North Carolina....................................
North Dakota......................................
O hio......................................................
O klahom a...........................................
O regon................................................
Pennsylvania......................................
Rhode Island......................................

5
3
5
6
2
5
5
5
5
3

7
4
7
9
—
7
6
6
7
4

8
5
8
10
—
8
7
7
8
—

11
7
11
13
—
12
10
10
11
—

16
9
16
19
—
16
14
14
16
—

22
—
23
26
—
23
19
—
23
—

31
—
32
36
—
32
~
—
32
““

—
—
39
43
—
—
—
~
—

South Carolina...................................
South Dakota.....................................
Tennessee ..........................................
Texas ...................................................

5
2
6
6

7
3
8
9

7
—
9
10

10

20
—
24
27

27
—
33
37

—

12
13

15
—
17
19

Virginia................................................
W ashington........................................
West Virginia......................................
Wisconsin...........................................
Wyoming.............................................

7
6
4
6
2

10
8
5
9
—

11
9
6
10
—

15
13
—
14
—

22
18
—
19
—

30
25
—
—

42
—
—
—

—

—

—

—

127

—
24
21

—
—
“

29
29
—
32
—
23
—
—
—

—
—
39
—
—
—
—
41
39
—
40
—
—
—
—
—

800

2,000

—
45
—
—
—
—
47
_
—
—
46
—
—
—
~
—

1,000

1,500

_

600

10

State

_

—
—
—
50

—

—
—
52

—
—
—
60
—
—
—
—
—

—

—

—
—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
~
—
~
—
—

—
—
—
—

—
69
—
—
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
~

—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
49
—
—
—
—
—
“
—

—
—
59
—
—
—
—
~
—
—

_
—
—
52

—

_

—
—
57

—
—

_
—
—

—

—

_
—
—
—

_

_

—
—

—
~
—
—

—
—
—
—

—

—

—

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
44
~
—
—
—
—
—

—
45

—
—
—

—
—
—
~
—
—
—
—
—
—

Table B-14. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for total or white persons
by State
State and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

California, Colorado, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland,
New Jersey, New York, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and South Carolina
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 ......................................................
250 ......................................................
400 ......................................................
500 ......................................................
600 .......................................................
800 .......................................................
1,000 ...................................................
1,500 ...................................................
2,000 ...................................................
2,500 ...................................................
5,000 ...................................................
7,500 ...................................................
10,000 .................................................
12,500 .................................................

9.13
5.77
4.08
2.89
2.58
1.83
1.29
.91
.82
.65
.58
.53
.46
.41
.33
.29
.26
.18
.15
.13
.12

12.81
8.10
5.73
4.05
3.62
2.56
1.81
1.28
1.15
.91
.81
.74
.64
.57
.47
.41
.36
.26
.21
.18
.16

17.81
11.27
7.97
5.63
5.04
3.56
2.52
1.78
1.59
1.26
1.13
1.03
.89
.80
.65
.56
.50
.36
.29
.25
.23

21.44
13.56
9.59
6.78
6.07
4.29
3.03
2.14
1.92
1.52
1.36
1.24
1.07
.96
.78
.68
.61
.43
.35
.31
.28

24.32
15.38
10.88
7.69
6.88
4.86
3.44
2.43
2.16
1.72
1.54
1.41
1.22
1.09
.89
.77
.69
.49
.40
.35
.31

26.69
16.88
11.94
8.44
7.55
5.34
3.78
2.67
2.39
1.89
1.69
1.54
1.34
1.20
.98
.85
.76
.54
.44
.39
.35

31.11
19.67
13.91
9.84
8.80
6.22
4.40
3.11
2.78
2.20
1.97
1.80
1.56
1.40
1.14
.99
.89
.63
.52
.45
.41

33.99
21.50
15.20
10.75
9.62
6.80
4.81
3.40
3.04
2.41
2.16
1.97
1.71
1.53
1.25
1.09
.97
.70
.58
.50
.46

35.72
22.59
15.98
11.30
10.11
7.15
5.06
3.58
3.20
2.53
2.27
2.07
1.80
1.61
1.32
1.15
1.03
.74
.61
.54
.49

Alaska, Delaware, and Vermont
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 ......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................

3.71
2.35
1.66
1.17
1.05
.74
.53
.37
.33
.26

5.20
3.29
2.33
1.65
1.47
1.04
.74
.52
.47
.37

7.23
4.57
3.23
2.29
2.05
1.45
1.03
.73
.65
.52

8.68
5.49
3.89
2.75
2.46
1.74
1.24
.88
.79
.63

9.83
6.22
4.40
3.11
2.79
1.97
1.40
1.00
.90
.72

10.77
6.81
4.82
3.41
3.05
2.16
1.54
1.10
.99
.79

12.48
7.90
5.59
3.96
3.54
2.52
1.79
1.29
1.16
.94

13.54
8.57
6.07
4.30
3.85
2.74
1.96
1.42
1.29
1.05

14.10
8.93
6.33
4.49
4.02
2.87
2.07
1.51
1.37
1.14

District of Columbia and Wyoming
2 ...........................................................
5 ............................................................
10 ........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 ......................................................

3.95
2.50
1.77
1.25
1.12
.79
.56
.40
.35
.28

5.53
3.50
2.48
1.75
1.57
1.11
.78
.56
.50
.39

7.69
4.86
3.44
2.43
2.18
1.54
1.09
.77
.69
.55

9.24
5.84
4.13
2.92
2.62
1.85
1.31
.93
.84
.67

10.46
6.61
4.68
3.31
2.96
2.10
1.49
1.06
.95
.76

11.45
7.25
5.13
3.63
3.25
2.30
1.63
1.17
1.05
.84

13.27
8.40
5.94
4.21
3.77
2.67
1.91
1.37
1.23
.99

14.40
9.11
6.45
4.57
4.10
2.91
2.08
1.51
1.36
1.11

15.00
9.49
6.72
4.77
4.27
3.05
2.19
1.60
1.45
1.19

Alabama, Florida, Georgia,
Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota,
Missouri, and Tennessee
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 .......................................................
800 .......................................................
1,000 ....................................................
1,500 ...................................................
2,000 ...................................................
2,500 ...................................................
5,000 ...................................................
7,500 ....................................................

9.56
6.05
4.28
3.02
2.70
1.91
1.35
.96
.86
.68
.60
.55
.48
.43
.35
.30
.27
.19
.16

13.42
8.48
6.00
4.24
3.79
2.68
1.90
1.34
1.20
.95
.85
.77
.67
.60
.49
.42
.38
.27
.22

18.66
11.80
8.35
5.90
5.28
3.73
2.64
1.87
1.67
1.32
1.18
1.08
.93
.84
.68
.59
.53
.38
.31

22.47
14.21
10.05
7.11
6.36
4.49
3.18
2.25
2.01
1.59
1.42
1.30
1.13
1.01
.82
.71
.64
.45
.37

25.49
16.12
11.40
8.06
7.21
5.10
3.61
2.55
2.28
1.80
1.61
1.47
1.28
1.14
.94
.81
.73
.52
.43

27.99
17.70
12.52
8.85
7.92
5.60
3.96
2.80
2.51
1.98
1.77
1.62
1.40
1.26
1.03
.89
.80
.57
.47

32.65
20.65
14.60
10.32
9.23
6.53
4.62
3.27
2.92
2.31
2.07
1.89
1.64
1.47
1.20
1.05
.94
.67
.56

35.71
22.59
15.97
11.29
10.10
7.15
5.06
3.58
3.20
2.54
2.27
2.07
1.80
1.61
1.32
1.15
1.03
.75
.63

37.58
23.77
16.81
11.89
10.63
7.52
5.32
3.77
3.37
2.67
2.39
2.19
1.90
1.70
1.40
1.22
1.10
.80
.68

Estimated rate (percent)

128

Table B-14. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for total or white persons
by S ta te -C o n tin u e d
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

1

Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut
Massachusetts, Mississippi,
Oklahoma, and Oregon
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
1 0 0 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 .......................................................
800 .......................................................
1,000 ....................................................
1,500 ....................................................
2,000 ....................................................
2,500 ....................................................
5,000 ....................................................

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

7.47
4.72
3.34
2.36
2.11
1.49
1.06
.75
.67
.53
.47
.43
.37
.33
.27
.24
.21
.15

10.47
6.62
4.68
3.31
2.96
2.09
1.48
1.05
.94
.74
.66
.61
.52
.47
.38
.33
.30
.21

14.54
9.19
6.50
4.60
4.11
2.91
2.06
1.45
1.30
1.03
.92
.84
.73
.65
.53
.46
.41
.30

17.47
11.05
7.81
5.53
4.94
3.50
2.47
1.75
1.56
1.24
1.11
1.01
.88
.79
.64
.56
.50
.36

19.78
12.51
8.85
6.26
5.60
3.96
2.80
1.98
1.77
1.40
1.26
1.15
1.00
.89
.73
.64
.57
.41

21.67
13.70
9.69
6.85
6.13
4.34
3.07
2.17
1.94
1.54
1.38
1.26
1.09
.98
.80
.70
.63
.45

25.11
15.88
11.23
7.94
7.10
5.03
3.56
2.52
2.26
1.79
1.60
1.46
1.27
1.14
.94
.82
.74
.54

27.25
17.23
12.19
8.62
7.71
5.46
3.86
2.74
2.45
1.95
1.74
1.60
1.39
1.25
1.03
.90
.82
.61

28.38
17.95
12.69
8.98
8.03
5.69
4.03
2.86
2.56
2.04
1.83
1.67
1.46
1.31
1.09
.96
.87
.66

Idaho, Maine, Nevada, and New
Mexico
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 .......................................................

5.74
3.63
2.57
1.82
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.51
.41
.36
.33

8.06
5.10
3.60
2.55
2.28
1.61
1.14
.81
.72
.57
.51
.47

11.22
7.09
5.02
3.55
3.17
2.24
1.59
1.12
1.01
.80
.71
.65

13.51
8.55
6.04
4.27
3.82
2.71
1.91
1.36
1.21
.96
.86
.79

15.34
9.70
6.86
4.85
4.34
3.07
2.17
1.54
1.38
1.10
.98
.90

16.85
10.66
7.54
5.33
4.77
3.38
2.39
1.70
1.52
1.21
1.08
.99

19.68
12.45
8.81
6.23
5.57
3.95
2.80
1.99
1.79
1.42
1.28
1.18

21.57
13.65
9.65
6.83
6.11
4.33
3.08
2.19
1.97
1.58
1.42
1.31

22.75
14.40
10.19
7.21
6.45
4.58
3.26
2.33
2.09
1.68
1.52
1.40

North Carolina and Wisconsin
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
1 0 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 .......................................................
800 .......................................................
1,000 ....................................................
1,500 ....................................................
2,000 ....................................................
2,500 ....................................................
5,000 ....................................................

11.67
7.38
5.22
3.69
3.30
2.33
1.65
1.17
1.04
.83
.74
.67
.58
.52
.43
.37
.33
.23

16.39
10.37
7.33
5.18
4.64
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.47
1.16
1.04
.95
.82
.73
60
.52
.46
.33

22.86
14.46
10.22
7.23
6.47
4.57
3.23
2.29
2.05
1.62
1.45
1.32
1.14
1.02
.84
.73
.65
.46

27.60
17.46
12.34
8.73
7.81
5.52
3.90
2.76
2.47
1.95
1.75
1.60
1.38
1.24
1.01
.88
.79
.56

31.41
19.86
14.05
9.93
8.88
6.28
4.44
3.14
2.81
2.22
1.99
1.82
1.57
1.41
1.15
1.00
.90
.64

34.59
21.87
15.47
10.94
9.78
6.92
4.89
3.46
3.10
2.45
2.19
2.00
1.74
1.55
1.27
1.10
.99
.71

40.70
25.74
18.20
12.87
11.51
8.14
5.76
4.08
3.65
2.89
2.58
2.36
2.05
1.83
1.50
1.31
1.17
.84

45.00
28.46
20.13
14.23
12.73
9.01
6.37
4.51
4.04
3.20
2.86
2.62
2.27
2.03
1.67
1.45
1.31
.95

47.98
30.35
21.46
15.18
13.58
9.60
6.80
4.81
4.31
3.41
3.06
2.79
2.43
2.18
1.79
1.56
1.41
1.03

Hawaii, Montana, New Hampshire,
North Dakota, Rhode Island, and
South Dakota
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
1 0 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................

4.75
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.34
.95
.67
.48
.43
.34
.30

6.66
4.22
2.98
2.11
1.89
1.33
.94
.67
.60
.47
.42

9.25
5.85
4.14
2.93
2.62
1.85
1.31
.93
.83
.66
.59

11.12
7.03
4.97
3.52
3.15
2.23
1.58
1.12
1.00
.80
.72

12.59
7.96
5.63
3.99
3.57
2.52
1.79
1.27
1.14
.91
.82

13.79
8.72
6.17
4.37
3.91
2.77
1.96
1.40
1.25
1.00
.90

15.98
10.11
7.15
5.06
4.53
3.21
2.28
1.63
1.47
1.18
1.06

17.34
10.97
7.76
5.50
4.92
3.49
2.49
1.79
1.61
1.30
1.18

18.05
11.43
8.09
5.73
5.13
3.65
2.61
1.89
1.70
1.39
1.27

129

Table B-14. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for total or white persons
by State— Continued
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
civilian ia o o r Torce

(in thousands)

1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

Kentucky, Texas, and Washington
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 ...... ............................ .....................
100 ......................................................
200 .... ..................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 ......................................................
800 ......................................................
1,000 ...................................................
1,500 ...................................................
2,000 ..... ..............................................
2,500 ........ ...........................................
5,000 ...................................................
7,500 ...................................................

11.34
7.17
5.07
3.59
3.21
2.27
1.60
1.13
1.01
.80
.72
.65
.57
.51
.41
.36
.32
.23
.19

15.92
10.07
7.12
5.04
4,50
3.18
2.25
1.59
1.42
1.13
1.01
.92
.80
.71
.58
.50
.45
.32
.26

22.19
14.04
9.93
7.02
6.28
4.44
3.14
2.22
1.99
1.57
1.40
1.28
1.11
.99
.81
.70
.83
.45
.36

26.78
16.94
11,98
8.47
7.57
5.36
3.79
2.68
2.40
1.89
1.69
1.55
1.34
1.20
.98
.85
,76
.54
.44

30.44
19.25
13.62
9.63
8.61
6.09
4.31
3.05
2.72
2.15
1.93
1.76
1.52
1.36
1.11
.97
.87
,61
.50

33.50
21.19
14.98
10.59
9.48
6.70
4.74
3.35
3.00
2.37
2.12
1.94
1.88
1.50
1.23
1.06
.95
.68
.56

39.33
24.87
17.59
12.44
11.12
7.87
5.56
3.94
3.52
2.79
2.49
2.28
1.97
1.77
1.44
1,25
1.12
,80
.86

43.36
27.42
19.39
13.71
12.26
8.67
6.13
4.34
3.88
3.07
2.75
2.51
2.18
1.95
1.60
1.39
1.24
.89
.74

46.06
29.13
20.60
14.57
13.03
9.22
6.52
4.61
4.13
3.27
2.92
2.67 ..
2.32
2.08
1.70
1.48
1.33
.96
.80

Nebraska, Utah, and West Virginia
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
1 0 0 .......................................................
200 ......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 ......................................................
600 ......................................................
800 ......................................................

6.82
4.31
3.05
2.16
1.93
1.36
.96
.68
.61
.48
.43
.39
.34

9.58
6.06
4.28
3.03
2.71
1.92
1.35
.96
.86
.68
.61
.55
.48

13.35
8.44
5.97
4.22
3.78
2.67
1.89
1.34
1.20
.95
.85
.77
.67

16.12
10.19
7.21
5.10
4.56
3.23
2.28
1.62
1.45
1.15
1.03
.94
.81

18.33
11.60
8.20
5.80
5.19
3.67
2.60
1.84
1.65
1.31
1.17
1.07
.93

20.18
12.77
9.03
6.39
5.71
4.04
2.86
2.03
1.82
1.44
1.29
1.18
1.03

23.73
15.01
10.62
7.51
6.72
4.75
3.37
2.39
2.14
1.70
1.53
1.40
1.22

26.22
16.58
11.73
8.30
7.42
5.26
3.73
2.65
2.38
1.89
1.70
1.56
1.36

27.92
17.66
12.49
8.84
7.91
5.60
3.98
2.83
2.54
2.03
1.83
1.68
1.47

Virginia
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 ......................................................
600 ......................................................
800 ......................................................
1,000 ....................................................
1,500 ...................................................
2,000 ...................................................
2,500 ....................................................
5,000 ...................................................

13.67
8.65
6.12
4.32
3.87
2.73
1.93
1.37
1.22
.97
.86
.79
.68
.61
.50
.43
.39
.27

19.21
12.15
8.59
6.08
5.43
3.84
2.72
1.92
1.72
1.36
1.22
1.11
.96
.86
.70
' .61
.54
.39

26.81
16.95
11.99
8.48
7.58
5.36
3.79
2.68
2.40
1.90
1.70
1.55
1.34
1.20
.98
.85
.76
.54

32.38
20.48
14.48
10.24
9.16
6.48
4.58
3.24
2.90
2.29
2.05
1.87
1.62
1.45
1.19
1.03
.92
.66

36.87
23.32
16.49
11.66
10.43
7.37
5.22
3.69
3.30
2.61
2.34
2.13
1.85
1.65
1.35
1.17
1.05
.75

40.62
25.69
18.17
12.85
11.49
8.13
5.75
4.07
3.64
2.88
2.57
2.35
2.04
1.82
1.49
1.30
1.16
.83

47.88
30.28
21.41
15.14
13.54
9.58
6.78
4.79
4.29
3.40
3.04
2.78
2.41
2.16
1.77
1.54
1.38
.99

53.04
33.54
23.72
16.77
15.00
10.61
7.51
5.31
4.76
3.77
3.37
3.08
2.67
2.40
1.97
1.71
1.54
1.11

56.67
35.84
25.35
17.92
16.03
11.34
8.02
5.68
5.09
4.03
3.61
3.30
2.86
2.57
2.11
1.84
1.66
1.21

130

25

Table B-15. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for black and other persons
by State
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
civilian laDor rorce
(in thousands)

1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

Alabama, California, Colorado,
Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana,
Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey,
New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania
2 ......................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 .......................................................
800 .......................................................
1,000 ....................................................
1,500 ....................................................
2,000 ...................................................

9.28
5.87
4.15
2.93
2.62
1.86
1.31
.93
.83
.66
.59
.54
.46
.41
.34
.29

13.02
8.23
5.82
4.12
3.68
2.60
1.84
1.30
1.16
.92
.82
.75
.65
.58
.48
.41

18.12
11.46
8.10
5.73
5.12
3.62
2.56
1.81
1.62
1.28
1.15
1.05
.91
.81
.66
.57

21.82
13.80
9.76
6.90
6.17
4.36
3.09
2.18
1.95
1.54
1.38
1.26
1.09
.98
.80
.69

24.77
15.67
11.08
7.83
7.01
4.95
3.50
2.48
2.22
1.75
1.57
1.43
1.24
1.11
.91
.79

27.21
17.21
12.17
8.60
7.70
5.44
3.85
2.72
2.43
1.93
1.72
1.57
1.36
1.22
1.00
.86

31.79
20.10
14.22
10.05
8.99
6.36
4.50
3.18
2.85
2.25
2.01
1.84
1.59
1.43
1.17
1.01

34.84
22.03
15.58
11.02
9.85
6.97
4.93
3.49
3.12
2.47
2.21
2.02
1.75
1.56
1.28
1.11

36.74
23.24
16.43
11.62
10.39
7.35
5.20
3.68
3.29
2.60
2.33
2.13
1.85
1.65
1.35
1.18

1 0 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
1 0 0 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................

4.03
2.55
1.80
1.27
1.14
.81
.57
.40
.36

5.65
3.57
2.53
1.79
1.60
1.13
.80
.57
.51

7.85
4.96
3.51
2.48
2.22
1.57
1.11
.79
.71

9.44
5.97
4.22
2.99
2.67
1.89
1.34
.95
.85

10.70
6.77
4.79
3.39
3.03
2.15
1.52
1.08
.97

11.73
7.42
5.25
3.72
3.32
2.36
1.67
1.19
1.07

13.64
8.63
6.11
4.32
3.87
2.76
1.95
1.40
1.26

14.86
9.41
6.66
4.72
4.22
3.00
2.14
1.54
1.39

15.56
9.85
6.97
4.95
4.43
3.15
2.26
1.64
1.49

Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Minnesota, Tennessee, and
Washington
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................
600 .......................................................
800 .......................................................
1,000 ....................................................

10.29
6.50
4.60
3.25
2.91
2.06
1.45
1.03
.92
.73
.66
.59
.61
.46

14.44
9.13
8.46
4.57
4.08
2.89
2.04
1.44
1.29
1.02
.91
.83
.72

.66

20.11
12.72
8.99
6.36
5.69
4.02
2.84
2.01
1.80
1.42
1.27
1.16
1.01
.90

24.25
15.34
10.84
7.87
6.86
4.85
3.43
2.43
2.17
1.72
1,54
1.40
1.21
1.09

27.55
17.43
12.32
8.71
7.79
5.51
3.90
2.78
2.47
1.95
1.75
1.59
1.38
1.24

30.29
19.16
13.55
9.58
8.57
6.06
4.29
3.03
2.71
2.15
1.92
1.75
1.52
1.36

35.50
22.45
15.87
11.23
10.04
7.10
5.02
3.55
3.18
2.52
2.25
2.06
1.78
1.60

39.04
24.69
17.46
12.35
11.05
7.81
5.53
3.91
3.50
2.77
2.48
2.27
1.97
1.76

41.36
26.16
18.50
13.08
11.70
8.28
5.86
4.15
3.71
2.94
2.63
2.41
2.09
1.67

Hawaii
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................

4.56
2.88
2.04
1.44
1.29
.91
.65
.46
.41
.32

6.39
4.04
2.86
2.02
1.81
1.28
.91
.84
.67
.46

8.89
5.62
3.97
2.81
2.51
1.78
1.26
.89
.80
.63

10.69
6.78
4.78
3.36
3.03
2.14
1.52
1.08
.96
.77

12.11
7.66
5.42
3.83
3.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
1.10
.87

13.28
8.40
5.94
4.21
3.76
2.66
1.89
1.34
1.21
.96

16.44
9.77
6.91
4.89
4.38
3.10
2.21
1.58
1.42
1.14

16.83
10.65
7.53
5.34
4.78
3.39
2.42
1.73
1.56
1.26

17.61
11.16
7.89
5.69
5.01
3.56
2.54
1.84
1.66
1.35

7.61
4.81
3.40
2.41
2.15
1.52
1.08
.78

10.88
" 6.78
4.78
3.38
3.02
2.14
1.51
1.07
.96
.76

14.88
9.41
6.65
4.71
4.21
2.98
2.11
1.49
1.33
1.05

17.94
11.36
8.02
5.67
5.07
3.59
2.54
1.80
1.81
1.27

20.38
12.89
9.12
6.45
5.77
4.08
2.89
2.04
1.83
1.45

22.41
14.17
10.02
7.09
6.34
4.48
3.17
2.25
2.01
1.59

26.25
16.60
11.74
8.30
7.43
5.26
3.72
2.64
2.36
1.87

28.87
18.26
12.91
9.13
8.17
5.78
4.10
2.91
2.61
2.07

30.57
19.34
13.68
9.68
8.66
6.13
4.35
3.09
2.77
2.21

Alaska, Delaware, and District of
Columbia
2 ............................................................

-

Massachusetts, Mississippi, and
Nebraska

10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................

.68
.54

131

Table B-15. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for black and other persons
by State— Continued

State and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

Nevada and New Mexico
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 ......................................................

5.83
3.68
2.61
1.84
1.65
1.17
.82

8.18
5.17
3.66
2.59
2.31
1.64
1.16

11.39
7.20
5.09
3.60
3.22
2.28
1.61

13.73
8.68
6.14
4.34
3.88
2.75
1.94

15.59
9.86
6.97
4.93
4.41
3.12
2.21

17.14
10.84
7.67
5.42
4.85
3.43
2.43

20.06
12.69
8.98
6.35
5.68
4.02
2.85

22.04
13.94
9.86
6.98
6.25
4.42
3.14

23.32
14.75
10.44
7.39
6.61
4.69
3.33

Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut,
Kansas, Maryland, Oklahoma,
Oregon, and South Carolina
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 .......................................................
200 .......................................................
250 .......................................................
400 .......................................................
500 .......................................................

8.57
5.42
3.83
2.71
2.42
1.71
1.21
.86
.77
.61
.54

12.02
7.60
5.38
3.80
3.40
2.40
1.70
1.20
1.08
.85
.76

16.74
10.59
7.49
5.29
4.73
3.35
2.37
1.68
1.50
1.19
1.06

20.17
12.76
9.02
6.38
5.71
4.04
2.85
2.02
1.81
1.43
1.28

22.90
14.49
10.24
7.24
6.48
4.58
3.24
2.30
2.05
1.63
1.46

25.17
15.92
11.26
7.96
7.12
5.04
3.56
2.52
2.26
1.79
1.60

29.44
18.62
13.17
9.31
8.33
5.89
4.17
2.96
2.65
2.10
1.88

32.31
20.44
14.46
10.22
9.15
6.47
4.59
3.25
2.91
2.32
2.08

34.15
21.60
15.28
10.81
9.67
6.84
4.65
3.45
3.09
2.46
2.21

North Carolina, Texas, and
Wisconsin
2 ............................................................
5 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 ........................................................
100 ......................................................
200 ......................................................
250 ......................................................
400 ......................................................
500 ......................................................
600 .............................................. ........
800 ......................................................
1,000 ...................................................

11.46
7.25
5.13
3.62
3.24
2.29
1.62
1.15
1.03
.81
.73
.66
.57
.51

16.10
10.18
7.20
5.09
4.55
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.44
1.14
1.02
.93
.81
.72

22.45
14.20
10.04
7.10
6.35
4.49
3.17
2.24
2.01
1.59
1.42
1.30
1.12
1.00

27.09
17.14
12.12
8.57
7.66
5.42
3.83
2.71
2.42
1.92
1.71
1.57
1.36
1.21

30.82
19.49
13.78
9.75
8.72
6.16
4.36
3.08
2.76
2.18
1.95
1.78
1.54
1.38

33.93
21.46
15.17
10.73
9.60
6.79
4.80
3.39
3.04
2.40
2.15
1.96
1.70
1.52

39.88
25.22
17.84
12.61
11.28
7.98
5.64
3.99
3.57
2.82
2.53
2.31
2.00
1.79

44.04
27.86
19.70
13.93
12.46
8.81
6.23
4.41
3.94
3.12
2.79
2.55
2.21
1.98

46.89
29.65
20.97
14.83
13.26
9.38
6.64
4.70
4.20
3.32
2.98
2.72
2.36
2.11

13.78
8.72
6.16
4.36
3.90
2.76
1.95
1.38
1.23
.97
.87

19.36
12.25
8.66
6.12
5.48
3.87
2.74
1.94
1.73
1.37
1.23

27.03
17.09
12.09
8.55
7.64
5.41
3.82
2.70
2.42
1.91
1.71

32.66
20.65
14.61
10.33
9.24
6.53
4.62
3.27
2.92
2.31
2.07

37.19
23.52
16.63
11.76
10.52
7.44
5.26
3.72
3.33
2.63
2.36

40.99
25.93
18.33
12.96
11.60
8.20
5.80
4.10
3.67
2.90
2.60

48.36
30.59
21.63
15.30
13.68
9.68
6.84
4.84
4.33
3.43
3.07

53.63
33.92
23.98
16.96
15.17
10.73
7.59
5.37
4.61
3.81
3.41

57.37
36.29
25.66
18.15
16.23
11.48
8.12
5.75
5.15
4.08
3.65

Virginia
2 ............................................................
10 .........................................................
20 .........................................................
25 .........................................................
50 .........................................................
100 ......................................................
200 ......................................................
250 ......................................................
400 ......................................................
500 ......................................................

Estimated rate (percent)

132

Table B-16. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for total or white
persons by State
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
population
(in thousands)

20,000 .....................................................................................................................................................

16.24
10.27
7.26
5.14
4.59
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.45
1.15
1.03
.94
.81
.73
.59
.51
.46
.32
.27
.23
.21
.19
.16

25.28
15.99
11.31
7.99
7.15
5.06
3.57
2.53
2.26
1.79
1.60
1.46
1.26
1.13
.92
.80
.71
.51
.41
.36
.32
.29
.25

46.40
29.34
20.75
14.67
13.12
9.28
6.56
4.64
4.15
3.28
2.93
2.68
2.32
2.07
1.69
1.47
1.31
.93
.76
.66
.59
.54
.46

53.15
33.62
23.77
16.81
15.03
10.63
7.52
5.32
4.75
3.76
3.36
3.07
2.66
2.38
1.94
1.68
1.50
1.06
.87
.75
.67
.61
.53

56.82
35.94
25.41
17.97
16.07
11.36
8.04
5.68
5.08
4.02
3.59
3.28
2.84
2.54
2.07
1.80
1.61
1.14
.93
.80
.72
.66
.57

57.99
36.68
25.94
18.34
16.40
11.60
8.20
5.80
5.19
4.10
3.67
3.35
2.90
2.59
2.12
1.83
1.64
1.16
.95
.82
.73
.67
.58

Delaware and Wyoming
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................

6.90
4.37
3.09
2.18
1.95
1.38
.98
.69
.62
.49
.44

10.75
6.80
4.81
3.40
3.04
2.15
1.52
1.07
.96
.76
.68

19.72
12.47
8.82
6.24
5.58
3.94
2.79
1.97
1.76
1.39
1.25

22.59
14.29
10.10
7.14
6.39
4.52
3.20
2.26
2.02
1.60
1.43

24.15
15.28
10.80
7.64
6.83
4.83
3.42
2.42
2.16
1.71
1.53

24.65
15.59
11.02
7.80
6.97
4.93
3.49
2.47
2.20
1.74
1.56

Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Oklahoma, Oregon, and South
Carolina
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
2,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 .......................................................................................................................................................

15.37
9.72
6.87
4.86
4.35
3.07
2.17
1.54
1.37
1.09
.97
.89
.77
.69
.56
.49
.43
.31

23.92
15.13
10.70
7.56
6.77
4.78
3.38
2.39
2.14
1.69
1.51
1.38
1.20
1.07
.87
.76
.68
.48

43.90
27.77
19.63
13.88
12.42
8.78
6.21
4.39
3.93
3.10
2.78
2.53
2.20
1.96
1.60
1.39
1.24
.88

50.30
31.81
22.49
15.91
14.23
10.06
7.11
5.03
4.50
3.56
3.18
2.90
2.51
2.25
1.84
1.59
1.42
1.01

53.77
34.01
24.05
17.00
15.21
10.75
7.60
5.38
4.81
3.80
3.40
3.10
2.69
2.40
1.96
1.70
1.52
1.08

54.88
34.71
24.54
17.35
15.52
10.98
7.76
5.49
4.91
3.88
3.47
3.17
2.74
2.45
2.00
1.74
1.55
1.10

Arkansas, Kansas, Massachusetts, and Mississippi
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 .......................................................................................................................................................

13.87
8.77
6.20
4.38
3.92
2.77
1.96
1.39
1.24
.98
.88
.80
.69
.62
.51
.44
.39
.28

21.59
13.65
9.65
6.83
6.11
4.32
3.05
2.16
1.93
1.53
1.37
1.25
1.08
.97
.79
.68
.61
.43

39.62
25.06
17.72
12.53
11.21
7.92
5.60
3.96
3.54
2.80
2.51
2.29
1.98
1.77
1.45
1.25
1.12
.79

45.39
28.70
20.30
14.35
12.84
9.08
6.42
4.54
4.06
3.21
2.87
2.62
2.27
2.03
1.66
1.44
1.28
.91

48.52
30.69
21.70
15.34
13.72
9.70
6.86
4.85
4.34
3.43
3.07
2.80
2.43
2.17
1.77
1.53
1.37
.97

49.52
31.32
22.15
15.66
14.01
9.90
7.00
4.95
4.43
3.50
3.13
2.86
2.48
2.21
1.81
1.57
1.40
.99

2,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 ......................................................................................................................................................

10,000 ....................................................................................................................................................

133

30 or 70

50

5 or 95

Alabama, California, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New
York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 .........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................

20 or 80

40 or 60

2 or 98

Table B-16. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for total or white
persons by S ta te -C o n tin u e d
State and size of

Estimated rate (percent)

(in thousands)

2 or 98

5 or 95

Nebraska, Utah, and West Virginia
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 .........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 .........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 ......................................................................................................................................................

11.55
7.30
5.16
3.65
3.27
2.31
1.63
1.15
1.03
.82
.73
.67
.58
.52
.42

17.97
11.37
8.04
5.68
5.08
3.59
2.54
1.80
1.61
1.27
1.14
1.04
.90
.80
.66

32.99
20.86
14.75
10.43
9.33
6.60
4.67
3.30
2.95
2.33
2.09
1.90
1.65
1.48
1.20

37.79
23.90
16.90
11.95
10.69
7.56
5.34
3.78
3.38
2.67
2.39
2.18
1.89
1.69
1.38

40.40
25.55
18.07
12.78
11.43
8.08
5.71
4.04
3.61
2.86
2.56
2.33
2.02
1.81
1.48

41.24
26.08
18.44
13.04
11.66
8.25
5.83
4.12
3.69
2.92
2.61
2.38
2.06
1.84
1.51

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 .........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 .........................................................................................................................................................

9.07
5.74
4.06
2.87
2.57
1.81
1.28
.91
.81
.64
.57
.52
.45

14.12
8.93
6.32
4.47
3.99
2.82
2.00
1.41
1.26
1.00
.89
.82
.71

25.92
16.39
11.59
8.20
7.33
5.18
3.67
2.59
2.32
1.83
1.64
1.50
1.30

29.70
18.78
13.28
9.39
8.40
5.94
4.20
2.97
2.66
2.10
1.88
1.71
1.48

31.75
20.08
14.20
10.04
8.98
6.35
4.49
3.17
2.84
2.24
2.01
1.83
1.59

32.40
20.49
14.49
10.25
9.16
6.48
4.58
3.24
2.90
2.29
2.05
1.87
1.62

2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................

10.01
6.33
4.48
3.17
2.83
2.00
1.42
1.00
.90
.71
.63
.58
.50
.45

15.59
9.86
6.97
4.93
4.41
3.12
2.20
1.56
1.39
1.10
.99
.90
.78
.70

28.60
18.09
12.79
9.05
8.09
5.72
4.05
2.86
2.56
2.02
1.81
1.65
1.43
1.28

32.77
20.73
14.66
10.36
9.27
6.55
4.63
3.28
2.93
2.32
2.07
1.89
1.64
1.47

35.03
22.16
15.67
11.08
9.91
7.01
4.95
3.50
3.13
2.48
2.22
2.02
1.75
1.57

35.76
22.61
15.99
11.31
10.11
7.15
5.06
3.58
3.20
2.53
2.26
2.06
1.79
1.60

District of Columbia, North Dakota, and South Dakota
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................

7.72
4.88
3.45
2.44
2.18
1.54
1.09
.77
.69
.55
.49

12.02
7.60
5.37
3.80
3.40
2.40
1.70
1.20
1.07
.85
.76

22.05
13.95
9.86
6.97
6.24
4.41
3.12
2.21
1.97
1.56
1.39

25.26
15.98
11.30
7.99
7.15
5.05
3.57
2.53
2.26
1.79
1.60

27.01
17.08
12.08
8.54
7.64
5.40
3.82
2.70
2.42
1.91
1.71

27.57
17.43
12.33
8.72
7.80
5.51
3.90
2.76
2.47
1.95
1.74

Maine and New Mexico
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................

134

20 or 80

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

Table B-16. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for total or white
persons by State— Continued
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
population
(in thousands)

20 or 80

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

2 or 98

5 or 95

18.89
11.94
8.45
5.97
5.34
3.78
2.67
1.89
1.69
1.34
1.19
1.09
.94
.84
.69
.60
.53
.38
.31
.27
.24

29.40
18.60
13.15
9.30
8.32
5.88
4.16
2.94
2.63
2.08
1.86
1.70
1.47
1.31
1.07
.93
.83
.59
.48
.42
.37

53.96
34.13
24.13
17.06
15.26
10.79
7.63
5.40
4.83
3.82
3.41
3.12
2.70
2.41
1.97
1.71
1.53
1.08
.88
.76
.68

61.82
39.10
27.65
19.55
17.49
12.36
8.74
6.18
5.53
4.37
3.91
3.57
3.09
2.76
2.26
1.95
1.75
1.24
1.01
.87
.78

66.09
41.80
29.56
20.90
18.69
13.22
9.35
6.61
5.91
4.67
4.18
3.82
3.30
2.96
2.41
2.09
1.87
1.32
1.08
.93
.84

67.45
42.66
30.17
21.33
19.08
13.49
9.54
6.75
6.03
4.77
4.27
3.89
3.37
3.02
2.46
2.13
1.91
1.35
1.10
.95
.85

250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................

6.35
4.01
2.84
2.01
1.79
1.27
.90
.63
.57
.45

9.88
6.25
4.42
3.12
2.79
1.98
1.40
.99
.88
.70

18.13
11.47
8.11
5.73
5.13
3.63
2.56
1.81
1.62
1.28

20.77
13.14
9.29
6.57
5.88
4.15
2.94
2.08
1.86
1.47

22.21
14.04
9.93
7.02
6.28
4.44
3.14
2.22
1.99
1.57

22.66
14.33
10.14
7.17
6.41
4.53
3.21
2.27
2.03
1.60

Virginia
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
2,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 .......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 .......................................................................................................................................................

21.85
13.82
9.77
6.91
6.18
4.37
3.09
2.18
1.95
1.54
1.38
1.26
1.09
.98
.80
.69
.62
.44

34.01
21.51
15.21
10.75
9.62
6.80
4.81
3.40
3.04
2.40
2.15
1.96
1.70
1.52
1.24
1.08
.96
.68

62.42
39.48
27.91
19.74
17.65
12.48
8.83
6.24
5.58
4.41
3.95
3.60
3.12
2.79
2.28
1.97
1.77
1.25

71.51
45.23
31.98
22.61
20.23
14.30
10.11
7.15
6.40
5.06
4.52
4.13
3.58
3.20
2.61
2.26
2.02
1.43

76.45
48.35
34.19
24.17
21.62
15.29
10.81
7.64
6.84
5.41
4.83
4.41
3.82
3.42
2.79
2.42
2.16
1.53

78.02
49.35
34.89
24.67
22.07
15.60
11.03
7.80
6.98
5.52
4.93
4.50
3.90
3.49
2.85
2.47
2.21
1.56

Wisconsin
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
5,000 .......................................................................................................................................................

19.36
12.24
8.66
6.12
5.47
3.87
2.74
1.94
1.73
1.37
1.22
1.12
.97
.87
.71
.61
.55
.39

30.13
19.06
13.48
9.53
8.52
6.03
4.26
3.01
2.70
2.13
1.91
1.74
1.51
1.35
1.10
.95
.85
.60

55.30
34.98
24.73
17.49
15.64
11.06
7.82
5.53
4.95
3.91
3.50
3.19
2.77
2.47
2.02
1.75
1.56
1.11

63.35
40.07
28.33
20.03
17.92
12.67
8.96
6.34
5.67
4.48
4.01
3.66
3.17
2.83
2.31
2.00
1.79
1.27

67.73
42.84
30.29
21.42
19.16
13.55
9.58
6.77
6.06
4.79
4.28
3.91
3.39
3.03
2.47
2.14
1.92
1.35

69.13
43.72
30.91
21.86
19.55
13.83
9.78
6.91
6.18
4.89
4.37
3.99
3.46
3.09
2.52
2.19
1.96
1.38

Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................

100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................

1,500
2,000
2,500
5,000

.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................

10,000 ....................................................................................................................................................

Alaska and Vermont
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................

135

Table B-17. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for black and
other persons by State
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
population
(in thousands)

2 or 98

5 or 95

20 or 80

Alaska
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................

5.75
3.64
2.57
1.82
1.63
1.15
.81

8.95
5.66
4.00
2.83
2.53
1.79
1.27

16.42
10.39
7.34
5.19
4.65
3.28
2.32

18.82
11.90
8.41
5.95
5.32
3.76
2.66

20.11
12.72
9.00
6.36
5.69
4.02
2.84

20.53
12.98
9.18
6.49
5.81
4.11
2.90

Alabama, California, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New
York, Ohio and Pennsylvania
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 .........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 .........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
1^500 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2^500 .......................................................................................................................................................
5 000 ......................................................................................................................................................

16.17
10.23
7.23
5.11
4.57
3.23
2.29
1.62
1.45
1.14
1.02
.93
.81
.72
.59
.51
.46
.32

25.17
15.92
11.26
7.96
7.12
5.03
3.56
2.52
2.25
1.78
1.59
1.45
1.26
1.13
.92
.80
.71
.50

46.20
29.22
20.66
14.61
13.07
9.24
6.53
4.62
4.13
3.27
2.92
2.67
2.31
2.07
1.69
1.46
1.31
.92

52.93
33.47
23.67
16.74
14.97
10.59
7.48
5.29
4.73
3.74
3.35
3.06
2.65
2.37
1.93
1.67
1.50
1.06

56.58
35.78
25.30
17.89
16.00
11.32
8.00
5.66
5.06
4.00
3.58
3.27
2.83
2.53
2.07
1.79
1.60
1.13

57.75
36.52
25.83
18.26
16.33
11.55
8.17
5.77
5.17
4.08
3.65
3.33
2.89
2.58
2.11
1.83
1.63
1.15

Delaware and District of Columbia
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 .........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................

7.30
4.62
3.27
2.31
2.07
1.46
1.03
.73
.65
.52

11.37
7.19
5.09
3.60
3.22
2.27
1.61
1.14
1.02
.80

20.87
13.20
9.33
6.60
5.90
4.17
2.95
2.09
1.87
1.48

23.91
15.12
10.69
7.56
6.76
4.78
3.38
2.39
2.14
1.69

25.56
16.17
11.43
8.08
7.23
5.11
3.61
2.56
2.29
1.81

26.09
16.50
11.67
8.25
7.38
5.22
3.69
2.61
2.33
1.84

Hawaii, Montana, and South Dakota
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 ...................................................................................................;.....................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................

8.27
5.23
3.70
2.62
2.34
1.65
1.17
.83
.74
.58
.52

12.87
8.14
5.76
4.07
3.64
2.57
1.82
1.29
1.15
.91
.81

23.63
14.94
10.57
7.47
6.68
4.73
3.34
2.36
2.11
1.67
1.49

27.07
17.12
12.11
8.56
7.66
5.41
3.83
2.71
2.42
1.91
1.71

28.94
18.30
12.94
9.15
8.19
5.79
4.09
2.89
2.59
2.05
1.83

29.54
18.68
13.21
9.34
8.35
5.91
4.18
2.95
2.64
2.09
1.87

Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Oklahoma, Oregon, and South Carolina
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ..........................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................. ..............................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................
250 ..........................................................................................................................................................
400 ..........................................................................................................................................................
500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 .......................................................................................................................................................

15.30
9.68
6.84
4.84
4.33
3.06
2.16
1.53
1.37
1.08
.97
.88
.77
.68

23.83
15.07
10.65
7.53
6.74
4.77
3.37
2.38
2.13
1.68
1.51
1.36
1.19
1.07

43.73
27.66
19.56
13.83
12.37
8.75
6.18
4.37
3.91
3.09
2.77
2.52
2.19
1.96

50.10
31.68
22.40
15.84
14.17
10.02
7.08
5.01
4.48
3.54
3.17
2.89
2.50
2.24

53.55
33.87
23.95
16.94
15.15
10.71
7.57
5.36
4.79
3.79
3.39
3.09
2.68
2.40

54.66
34.57
24.44
17.28
15.46
10.93
7.73
5.47
4.89
3.86
3.46
3.16
2.73
2.44

136

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

Table B-17. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for black and other
persons by State— Continued
Estimated rate (percent)

State and size of
population
(in thousands)

2 or 98

5 or 95

Arizona, Arkansas, Kansas, Massachusetts, and Mississippi
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ................... ......................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 .........................................................................................................................................................
400 .........................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................

12.94
8.18
5.79
4.09
3.66
2.59
1.83
1.29
1.16
.91
.82
.75

20.14
12.74
9.01
6.37
5.70
4.03
2.85
2.01
1.80
1.42
1.27
1.16

36.96
23.38
16.53
11.69
10.45
7.39
5.23
3.70
3.31
2.61
2.34
2.13

42.34
26.78
18.94
13.39
11.98
8.47
5.99
4.23
3.79
2.99
2.68
2.44

45.27
28.63
20.24
14.31
12.80
9.05
6.40
4.53
4.05
3.20
2.86
2.61

46.20
29.22
20.66
14.61
13.07
9.24
6.53
4.62
4.13
3.27
2.92
2.67

Nebraska, Utah, and West Virginia
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................... ............................................................................
2 5 ............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................

11.51
7.28
5.15
3.64
3.25
2.30

17.91
11.33
8.01
5.66
5.07
3.58

32.87
20.79
14.70
10.40
930
6.57

37.66
23.82
16.84
11.91
10.65
7.53

40.26
25.46
18.01
12.73
11.39
8.05

41.09
25.99
18.38
12.99
11.62
8.22

Nevada
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................

9.04
5.72
4.04
2.86
2.56
1.81
1.28

14.07
8.90
6.29
4.45
3.98
2.81
1.99

25.82
16.33
11.55
8.17
7.30
5.16
3.65

29.58
18.71
13.23
9.35
8.37
5.92
4.18

31.62
20.00
14.14
10.00
8.94
6.32
4.47

32.28
20.41
14.43
10.21
9.13
6.46
4.56

New Mexico
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ..............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .................. ................................ ........................................................................................................
2 0 .................. ..................... .................................................. ..................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 ..........................................................................................................................................................

9.97
6.31
4.46
3.15
2.82
1.99
1.41
1.00

15.52
9.82
6.94
4.91
4.39
3.10
2.20
1.55

28.49
18.02
12.74
9.01
8.06
5.70
4.03
2.85

32.64
20.64
14 60
10.32
9.23
6.53
4.62
3.26

34.89
22.07
15.61
11.03
9.87
6.98
4.93
3.49

35.61
22.52
15.93
11.26
10.07
7.12
5.04
3.56

18.82
11.91
8.42
5.95
5.32
3.76
2.66
1.88
1.68
1.33
1.19
1.09
.94
.84
.69

29.31
18.53
13.11
9.27
8.29
5.86
4.14
2.93
2.62
2.07
1.85
1.69
1.47
1.31
1.07

53.79
34.02
24.05
17.01
15.21
10.76
7.61
5.38
4.81
3.80
3.40
3.11
2.69
2.41
1.96

61.62
38.97
27.56
19.49
17.43
12.32
8.71
6.16
5.51
4.36
3.90
3.56
3.08
2.76
2.25

65.87
41.66
29.46
20.83
18.63
13.17
9.32
6.59
5.89
466
4.17
3.80
3.29
2.95
2.41

67.23
42.52
30.07
21.26
19.02
13.45
9.51
6.72
6.01
4.75
4.25
3.88
3.36
3.01
2.45

21.79
13.78
9.75
6.89
6.16
4.36
3.08
2.18
1.95
1.54
1.38
1.26
1.09

33.92
21.45
15.17
10.73
9.59
6.78
4.80
3.39
3.03
2.40
2.15
1.96
1.70

62.26
39.38
27.84
19.69
17.61
12.45
8.80
6.23
5.57
4.40
3.94
3.59
3.11

71.33
45.11
31.90
22.56
20.17
14.27
10.09
7.13
6.38
5.04
4.51
4.12
3.57

76.25
48.23
34.10
24.11
21.57
15.25
10.78
7.63
6.82
5.39
4.82
4.40
3.81

77.82
49.22
34.80
24.61
22.01
15.56
11.01
7.78
6.96
5.50
4.92
4.49
3.89

19.29
12.20
8.63
6.10
5.46
3.86
2.73
1.93

30.03
18.99
13.43
9.50
8.49
6.01
4.25
3.00

55.11
34.86
24.65
17.43
15.59
11.02
7.79
5.51

63.14
39.93
28.24
19.97
17.86
12.63
8.93
6.31

67.50
42.69
30.19
21.34
19.09
13.50
9.55
6.75

68.89
43.57
30.81
21.78
19.48
13.78
9.74
6.89

Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................

500 ..........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 ..........................................................................................................................................................

20 or 80

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

Virginia

Wisconsin

2 5 ............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 ............................................................................................................................................................

137

Table B-18. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployed total or white persons by
metropolitan areas and cities
(in thousands)
Area

2

5

10

20

25

50

100

200

400

11
11
—
10
11
12
11
11
11
—

—
—
—
—
—
16
16
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
22
—
—
—

—

—

11
—
—

_
—
—
16
—
—
—
—
—
16

_
—
—
22
—
—
—
—
—

_

_

—
—
—
—
16
15

—
—
—
—
22
21

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove S M S A ....................
Atlanta SMSA .....................................................................
Baltimore S M S A .................................................................
Baltimore central c ity ......................................................
Boston SMSA .....................................................................
Buffalo SMSA .....................................................................
Chicago SM S A ....................................................................
Chicago central city.........................................................
Cincinnati S M S A .................................................................
Cleveland SM S A .................................................................
Cleveland central city......................................................

2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2

3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3

4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

6
6
6
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
6

8
8
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
8
8

Dallas-Fort Worth S M S A ...................................................
Dallas central c ity ............................................................
Denver-Boulder LM A ..........................................................
Detroit S M S A ......................................................................
Detroit central c ity ...........................................................
Houston S M S A ...................................................................
Houston central c ity ........................................................
Indianapolis S M S A .............................................................
Kansas City S M S A .............................................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach S M S A .....................................

2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
2
3

4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
4

5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

6
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
5
6

8
8
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

Miami S M S A .......................................................................
Milwaukee SMSA ...............................................................
Milwaukee central city.....................................................
Minneapolls-St. Paul L M A ................................................
Nassau-Suffolk SMSA .......................................................
New York L M A ...................................................................
New York central city......................................................
Newark SM S A .....................................................................
Philadelphia S M S A .............................................................
Philadelphia central c ity .................................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

3
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
3

4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

Pittsburgh S M S A ................................................................
Rlverslde-San Bernardino-Ontarlo SM S A .......................
St. Louis SMSA ..................................................................
St. Louis central city........................................................
San Diego SMSA ...............................................................
San Franclsco-Oakland S M S A ........................................
San Jose S M S A .................................................................
Seattle-Everett S M S A ........................................................
Washington D.C. SMSA ...................................................
D.C. (central city of the S M S A )....................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
1

4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
2

6
6
6

8
8
8

138

—

6
6
6
6
5
3

—

8
8
8
8
7
4

11
11
11
—
—
—
12
11
11
—
11
11
11

I

11
11
11
11

22

—

—

16
—

—

_

_

—

11
11
11

—

—

—

—

—

11
11

—

—

16

—

—

—

—

11
10

—

—

—

—

—

—

““

—

—

Table B-19. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployed black and other persons
by metropolitan areas and cities
(in thousands)
Area

2

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove S M S A ...............................
Atlanta S M S A ................................................................................
Baltimore S M S A ............................................................................
Baltimore central c ity .................................................................
Boston S M S A ................................................................................
Buffalo S M S A ................................................................................
Chicago S M S A ..............................................................................
Chicago central c ity ...................................................................
Cincinnati S M S A ...........................................................................
Cleveland S M S A ...........................................................................
Cleveland central c ity ................................................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

10

3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3

20

4

5

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

4
4
3
4
4

4
4
4
4

3

4
4

2

—

3

4
4
4
4
4
4
4

Dallas-Fort Worth S M S A ..............................................................
Dallas central city................................... ...................................
Denver-Boulder L M A ....................................................................
Detroit S M S A .................................................................................
Detroit central c ity ......................................................................
Houston S M S A ..............................................................................
Houston central c ity ...................................................................
Indianapolis S M S A ........................................................................
Kansas City SM S A ........................................................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach S M S A ...............................................

2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

3

Miami S M S A ..................................................................................
Milwaukee S M S A ..........................................................................
Milwaukee central c ity ...............................................................
Mlnneapolls-St. Paul L M A ............................................................
Nasaau-Suffolk S M S A ..................................................................
New York L M A ..............................................................................
New York central c ity ................................................................
Newark S M S A ...............................................................................
Philadelphia S M S A .......................................................................
Philadelphia central city.............................................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

Pittsburgh S M S A ...........................................................................
Riverslde-San Bernardlno-Ontario S M S A .................................
St. Louis S M S A .............................................................................
St. Louis central c ity ..................................................................
San Diego S M S A ..........................................................................
San Franclsco-Oakland S M S A ...................................................
San Jose S M S A ............................................................................
Seattle-Everett SM S A ...................................................................
Washington D.C. S M S A ...............................................................
D.C. (central city of the S M S A )...............................................

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

3
3
3
3

3
3

5
5
—
S
5
5
5
5
—
5

25

6
6
6
—
—
6
6
—
6
—
6
—
—
6
6
6
6
—
—
6

50

—
8
8
—
—

8
6
—
8
—
_
—
—

8
8
—
—
—

8

4
4
4
4
4
4

5
—
—
—
5
S
5
5
5
S

—
—
—
—
—
6
6
6

4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3

5
—
S
5
S
5
—
5
5

6

8

—
—
6
—
—
5

—
—

2

3

3

4
4
4

2
1

139

—
—
—
—
—

100

200

—

—
—
—
—
—
16
—
—
—
—

~
—
—
12
12
—
—
—
_
—
—
12
11
—
—
—
—
12

6
6

—
8

_
—
—
—
—
11
11
—
12

8
_
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

11

—
—

_
—
—
—

8
8

8
—
—

7

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

16
16
—
—

_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

Table B-20. Sampling errors at 90-percent confidence level of estimated labor force and employment for total or
white persons by metropolitan areas and cities
(in thousands)
Area

5

10

20

25

50

100

200

400

600

800

1,000

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove S M S A ....................................
Atlanta SMSA .....................................................................................
Baltimore S M S A .................................................................................
Baltimore central c ity ......................................................................
Boston SMSA .....................................................................................
Buffalo SMSA .....................................................................................
Chicago S M S A ....................................................................................
Chicago central city.........................................................................
Cincinnati S M S A .................................................................................
Cleveland S M S A .................................................................................
Cleveland central city......................................................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5

7
7
7
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
7

8
8
7
7
7
8
8
8
7
8
7

11
11
10
10
10
11
11
11
10
11
10

15
15
15
14
13
15
15
15
14
15
13

20
20
20
17
19
19
21
21
19
20
16

26
26
26
17
25
24
29
28
24
26
—

29
28
29
—
29
23
35
32
24
29
—

29
28
30
—
31
—

27
25
29
_
32
—

40
35
21
29
—

44
36
—
27
—

Dallas-Fort Worth S M S A ..............................
Dallas central c ity ............................................................................
Denver-Boulder L M A ..........................................................................
Detroit S M S A ......................................................................................
Detroit central c ity ...........................................................................
Houston S M S A ...................................................................................
Houston central c ity ........................................................................
Indianapolis S M S A .............................................................................
Kansas City S M S A .............................................................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach S M S A ......................................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

7
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
6
7

8
8
7
8
8
8
8
8
7
8

11
10
9
11
11
11
11
11
10
11

15
14
13
15
14
15
15
14
14
15

21
18
17
21
19
21
20
19
18
21

28
19
22
29
23
28
25
22
23
29

32
10
23
34
—
32
27
21
23
35

34
—

35
_

22
38
_
34
26
—
18
40

17
40
—
35
20
—
—
44

Miami S M S A .......................................................................................
Milwaukee SMSA ...............................................................................
Milwaukee central city.....................................................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul L M A .................................................................
Nassau-Suffolk S M S A .......................................................................
New York LMA ...................................................................................
New York central city......................................................................
Newark SM SA .....................................................................................
Philadelphia S M S A .............................................................................
Philadelphia central c ity ..................................................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
7
7

8
8
7
7
8
7
7
8
8
8

11
11
10
10
11
10
10
11
11
11

15
15
14
14
15
15
14
15
15
15

20
20
17
20
21
20
20
20
21
20

25
24
13
26
27
28
28
26
29
26

26
25
—
29
31
34
34
29
34
28

24
22
—

18
—
_

30
34
39
38
29
38
27

28
34
43
41
27
41
—

Pittsburgh S M S A ................................................................................
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario SM S A .......................................
St. Louis S M S A ..................................................................................
St. Louis central city........................................................................
San Diego SMSA ...............................................................................
San Francisco-Oakland S M S A .........................................................
San Jose S M S A .................................................................................
Seattle-Everett S M S A ........................................................................
Washington D.C. SMSA ....................................................................
D.C. (central city of the S M S A ).....................................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
2

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
3

8
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
7
4

11
11
11
10
11
11
11
11
9
5

15
15
15
13
15
15
14
15
13
7

20
20
20
15
20
21
19
20
18
8

27
24
27
—
26
28
23
25
24
6

30
25
31
—
28
33
23
26
28
—

140

32
22
32
—
27
36
17
25
31
—

32
__
32
—
23
38
_
19
32
—

2,500

5,000

—
_
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—

55
—
—
—

22
—
—
_

-

—

—
—
37
_
—
—
—
—
56
' _
_
_
—
_
57
53
_
42
—

_
—
—
—
—
_
—
—
—
28
_
_
_
—
_
47
27
_
—
—

_
—
_
_
—
_
_
_
—

_
_
—
_
_
_
_
_
_

—

—

Table B-21. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated labor force and employment for black and
other persons by metropolitan area and cities
(in thousands)
Area

5

10

20

25

50

100

200

400

Anahetm-Santa Ana-Garden Grove S M S A .............................
Atlanta S M S A ..............................................................................
Baltimore S M S A ..........................................................................
Baltimore central c ity ...............................................................
Boston S M S A ..............................................................................
Buffalo S M S A ..............................................................................
Chicago S M S A ............................................................................
Chicago central city..................................................................
Cincinnati S M S A ..........................................................................
Cleveland S M S A .........................................................................
Cleveland central city...............................................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5

7
7
7
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
7

8
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
7
8
7

11
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
10
11
10

15
15
14
14
13
—
15
15
14
15
13

20
20
17
—
—
21
21
—
20
—

—
—

Dallas-Fort Worth S M S A ............................................................
Dallas central c ity .....................................................................
Denver-Boulder L M A ..................................................................
Detroit S M S A ...............................................................................
Detroit central c ity ....................................................................
Houston S M S A ............................................................................
Houston central d t y .................................................................
Indianapolis S M S A ......................................................................
Kansas City S M S A ......................................................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach S M S A ..............................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

7
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
6
7

8
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
7
8

11
10
9
11
10
11
11
10
10
11

15
14
13
15
14
15
15
14
14
15

21
18
—
21
19
21
20
—
—
21

Miami S M S A ................................................................................
Milwaukee S M S A ........................................................................
Milwaukee central d t y .............................................................
Minneapoiis-St. Paul L M A ..........................................................
Nassau-Suffolk S M S A ................................................................
New York L M A ............................................................................
New York central city...............................................................
Newark S M S A .............................................................................
Philadelphia S M S A ......................................................................
Philadelphia central d t y ...........................................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
7
7

8
8
7
7
8
7
7
8
8
8

11
11
10
10
11
10
10
11
11
11

15
—
—
—
15
15
14
15
15
15

20
—

Pittsburgh S M S A .........................................................................
Riverside-San Bemardino-Ontario S M S A ...............................
S t Louis S M S A ...........................................................................
St. Louis central c ity ................................................................
San Diego S M S A ........................................................................
San Frandsco-Oakland S M S A .................................................
San Jose S M S A ..........................................................................
Seattle-Everett S M S A .................................................................
Washington D.C. S M S A .............................................................
D.C. (central dty of the S M S A ).............................................

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
2

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
3

8
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
7
4

11
11
11
10
11
11
10
11
9
5

15
15
15
13
15
15
14
15
13
7

141

—
—
29
28
—
—
—
__
—
—
29
23
28
25
—
—
29
—

600

~
—
—
—
—
35
32
—
—
—
_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
35
—
—
—
—
—
34
33
—
—

—
—
20
20
20
21
20

—
—
—
—
28
28
—
29
—

_

_

_

—
—

—
—

—

—
20
—
20
21
—
—
18
8

—

—
28
—

—
24
—

800

1,000

—
—
40
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
40

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

_

—

—

—
—
—
—
39
38
—

—
—
—
—
42
41
—
—
—

—
—
—

—
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—

—
—
—

—

““

—

—
—

Table B-22. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for total or white persons
by metropolitan areas and cities
Estimated rate (percent)

Area and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

All other SMSAs, LMAs, and cities
(except Washington, D.C., the central city of the
SMSA, for which see the District of Columbia in
Table B14)
2 .............................................................................................
5 .............................................................................................
10 ..........................................................................................
20 ..........................................................................................
25 ..........................................................................................
50 .........................................................................................
100 .......................................................................................
200 ........................................................................................
250 ........................................................................................
400 ........................................................................................
500 ........................................................................................
600 .......................................................................................
800 .......................................................................................
1,000 ....................................................................................
1,500 ....................................................................................
2,000 ....................................................................................
2,500 ....................................................................................
5,000 ....................................................................................

8.15
5.16
3.65
2.58
2.31
1.63
1.15
.82
.73
.58
.52
.47
.41
.36
.30
.26
.23
.16

11.43
7.23
5.11
3.61
3.23
2.29
1.62
1.14
1.02
.81
.72
.66
.57
.51
.42
.36
.32
.23

15.87
10.04
7.10
5.02
4.49
3.17
2.24
1.59
1.42
1.12
1.01
.92
.80
.71
.58
.50
.45
.32

19.07
12.06
8.53
3.03
5.39
3.81
2.70
1.91
1.71
1.35
1.21
1.10
.96
.86
.70
.61
.55
.39

21.59
13.65
9.65
6.83
6.11
4.32
3.05
2.16
1.93
1.53
1.37
1.25
1.08
.97
.80
.69
.62
.45

23.64
14.95
10.57
7.48
6.69
4.73
3.35
2.37
2.12
1.68
1.50
1.37
1.19
1.07
.87
.76
.68
.49

27.40
17.33
12.25
8.67
7.75
5.48
3.88
2.75
2.46
1.95
1.74
1.59
1.38
1.24
1.02
.89
.80
.58

29.72
18.80
13.29
9.40
8.41
5.95
4.21
2.98
2.67
2.12
1.90
1.74
1.51
1.36
1.12
.98
.88
.65

30.94
19.57
13.84
9.79
8.76
6.20
4.39
3.11
2.79
2.21
1.99
1.82
1.58
1.43
1.18
1.04
.94
.71

Boston SMSA, Washington, D. C. SMSA, DenverBoulder LMA, and New York central city
2 .............................................................................................
5 .............................................................................................
10 ..........................................................................................
20 ..........................................................................................
25 ..........................................................................................
50 ..........................................................................................
100 .......................................................................................
200 .......................................................................................
250 .......................................................................................
400 .......................................................................................
500 .......................................................................................
600 .......................................................................................
800 .......................................................................................
1,000 ....................................................................................
1,500 ....................................................................................
2,000 ....................................................................................
2,500 ....................................................................................
5,000 ....................................................................................

7.74
4.89
3.46
2.45
2.19
1.55
1.09
.77
.69
.55
.49
.45
.39
.35
.28
.25
.22
.16

10.85
6.86
4.85
3.43
3.07
2.17
1.53
1.09
.97
.77
.69
.63
.54
.49
.40
.34
.31
.22

15.06
9.53
6.74
4.76
4.26
3.01
2.13
1.51
1.35
1.07
.95
.87
.75
.68
.55
.48
.43
.31

18.10
11.45
8.10
5.72
5.12
3.62
2.56
1.81
1.62
1.28
1.15
1.05
.91
.81
.67
.58
.52
.37

20.49
12.96
9.17
6.48
5.80
4.10
2.90
2.05
1.84
1.45
1.30
1.19
1.03
.92
.76
.66
.59
.42

22.45
14.20
10.04
7.10
6.35
4.49
3.18
2.25
2.01
1.59
1.43
1.30
1.13
1.01
.83
.72
.65
.47

26.01
16.45
11.63
8.23
7.36
5.21
3.66
2.61
2.33
1.85
1.66
1.51
1.31
1.18
.97
.84
.76
.56

28.22
17.85
12.62
8.93
7.98
5.65
4.00
2.83
2.54
2.01
1.80
1.65
1.43
1.29
1.06
.93
.84
.62

29.38
18.58
13.14
9.29
8.31
5.88
4.17
2.96
2.65
2.10
1.89
1.73
1.50
1.35
1.12
.98
.89
.67

142

Table B-23. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated unemployment rates for black and other persons
by metropolitan areas and cities
Estimated rate (percent)

Area and size of
civilian labor force
(in thousands)

1

2

4

6

8

10

15

20

25

All other SMSAs, LMAs, and cities
(except Washington, D.C., the central city of the
SMSA, for which see the District of Columbia in
Table B15)
2 .............................................................................................
5 .............................................................................................
10 ..........................................................................................
20 ..........................................................................................
25 ..........................................................................................
50 ..........................................................................................
100 ........................................................................................
200 ........................................................................................
250 ........................................................................................
400 ........................................................................................
500 ........................................................................................
600 ........................................................................................
800 ........................................................................................
1,000 .....................................................................................
1,500 .....................................................................................

7.97
5.04
3.57
2.52
2.26
1.59
1.13
.80
.71
.56
.50
.46
.40
.36
.29

11.18
7.07
5.00
3.54
3.16
2.24
1.58
1.12
1.00
.79
.71
.65
.56
.50
.41

15.54
9.63
6.95
4.91
4.40
3.11
2.20
1.55
1.39
1.10
.98
.90
.78
.70
.57

18.69
11.82
8.36
5.91
5.29
3.74
2.64
1.87
1.67
1.32
1.18
1.08
.94
.84
.69

21.18
13.40
9.47
6.70
5.99
4.24
3.00
2.12
1.90
1.50
1.34
1.23
1.06
.95
.78

23.23
14.69
10.39
7.35
6.57
4 65
3.29
2.33
2.08
1.65
1.47
1.35
1.17
1.05
.86

27.01
17.08
12.08
8.54
7.64
5.40
3.82
2.71
2.42
1.92
1.72
1.57
1.36
1.22
1.00

29.42
18.61
13.16
9 31
8.32
5 89
4.17
2.95
2.64
2.09
1.87
1.71
1.49
1.34
1.10

30.79
19.48
13.77
9.74
8.71
6.17
4.36
3.09
2.77
2.20
1.97
1.80
1.57
1.41
1.16

Boston SMSA, Washington, D. C. SMSA, DenverBoulder LMA, and New York central city
2 .............................................................................................
5 .............................................................................................
1 0 ..........................................................................................
20 ..........................................................................................
25 ..........................................................................................
50 ..........................................................................................
100 ........................................................................................
200 ........................................................................................
250 ........................................................................................
400 ........................................................................................
500 ........................................................................................
600 ........................................................................................
800 ........................................................................................
1,000 .....................................................................................

7.89
4.99
3.53
2.50
2.23
1.56
1.12
.79
.71
.56
.50
.46
.39
.35

11.07
7.00
4.95
3.50
3.13
2.21
1.57
1.11
.99
.78
.70
.64
.55
.50

15.38
9.73
6.88
4.86
4.35
3.08
2.18
1.54
1.38
1.09
.97
.89
.77
.69

18.50
11.70
8.28
5.85
5.23
3.70
2.62
1.85
1.66
1.31
1.17
1.07
.93
.83

20.97
13.26
9.38
6.63
5.93
4.20
2.97
2.10
1.88
1.49
1.33
1.21
1.05
.94

22.99
14.54
10.28
7.27
6.51
4.60
3.25
2.30
2.06
1.63
1.46
1.33
1.16
1.04

26.73
16.91
11.96
8.46
7.56
5.35
3.78
2.68
2.40
1.90
1.70
1.55
1.35
1.21

29.12
18.42
13.03
9.21
8.24
5.83
4.13
2.92
2.62
2.07
1.86
1.70
1 48
1.33

30.48
19.28
13 63
9.64
8.63
6.10
4.32
3.06
2.74
2.18
1 95
1.79
1.56
1.40

143

Table B-24. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for total or white
persons by metropolitan areas and cities
Area and size of
population
(in thousands)

All other SMSAs, LMAs, and cities
(except Washington, D.C., the central city of the SMSA, for which see the District of
Columbia in Table B16)
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
100 ..........................................................................................................................................................
200 .........................................................................................................................................................
250 .........................................................................................................................................................
400 ......... ................................................................................................................................................
500 .........................................................................................................................................................
600 .........................................................................................................................................................
800 .........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ......................................................................................................................................................
2,500 ......................................................................................................................................................

Boston SMSA, Kansas City SMSA, Washington, D. C. SMSA, Denver-Boulder LMA, and
New York central city
2 ...............................................................................................................................................................
5 ...............................................................................................................................................................
1 0 .............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 .............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 ............................................................................................................................................................
200
250
400
500
600

.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................

1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
5,000
7,500

......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................

Estimated rate (percent)
2 or 98

5 or 95

15.16
9.59
6.78
4.79
4.29
3.03
2.14
1.52
1.36
1.07
.96
.76
.68
.55
.48
.43
.30
.25

23.59
14.92
10.55
7.46
6.67
4.72
3.34
2.36
2.11
1.67
1.49
1.36
1.18
1.06
.86
.75
.67
.47
.39

43.30
27.39
19.37
13.69
12.25
8.66
6.12
4.33
3.87
3.06
2.74
2.50
2.17
1.94
1.58
1.37
1.22
.87
.71

49.61
31.38
22.19
15.69
14.03
9.92
7.02
4.96
4.44
3.51
3.14
2.86
2.48
2.22
1.81
1.57
1.40
.99
.81

53.04
33.54
23.72
16.77
15.00
10.61
7.50
5.30
4.74
3.75
3.35
3.06
2.65
2.37
1.94
1.68
1.50
1.06
.87

54.13
34.23
24.21
17.12
15.31
10.83
7.65
5.41
4.84
3.83
3.42
3.13
2.71
2.42
1.98
1.71
1.53
1.08
.88

14.39
9.10
6.43
4.55
4.07
2.88
2.03
1.44
1.29
1.02
.91
.83
.72
.64
.53
.45
.41
.29
.23

22.40
14.17
10.02
7.08
6.34
4.48
3.17
2.24
2.00
1.58
1.42
1.29
1.12
1.00
.82
.71
.63
.45
.37

41.11
26.00
18.38
13.00
11.63
8.22
5.81
4.11
3.68
2.91
2.60
2.37
2.06
1.84
1.50
1.30
1.16
.82
.67

47.10
29.79
21.06
14.89
13.32
9.42
6.66
4.71
4.21
3.33
2.98
2.72
2.35
2.11
1.72
1.49
1.33
.94
.77

50.35
31.84
22.52
15.92
14.24
10.07
7.12
5.03
4.50
3.56
3.18
2.91
2.52
2.25
1.84
1.59
1.42
1.01
.82

51.39
32.50
22.98
16.25
14.53
10.28
7.27
5.14
4.60
3.63
3.25
2.97
2.57
2.30
1.88
1.62
1.45
1.03
.84

.86

144

20 or 80

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

Table B-25. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of civilian labor force participation rates for black and
other persons by metropolitan areas and cities
Area and size of

Estimated rate (percent)

(in thousands)

2 or 98

5 or 95

All other SMSA8, LMAs, and cities
(except Washington, D.C., the central city of the SMSA, for which see the District of
Columbia in Table B17)
2 ................................................................................................................................................................
5 ................................................................................................................................................................
1 0 ..............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ..............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 ..............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 ..............................................................................................................................................................
100 ...........................................................................................................................................................
200 ...........................................................................................................................................................
250 ...........................................................................................................................................................
400 ...........................................................................................................................................................
500 ...........................................................................................................................................................
600 ...........................................................................................................................................................
800 ...........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 ........................................................................................................................................................
1,500 ........................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ........................................................................................................................................................

14.46
9.15
6.47
4.57
4.09
2.89
2.05
1.45
1.29
1.02
.91
.84
.72
.65
.53
.46

22.52
14.24
10.07
7.12
6.37
4.50
3.18
2.25
2.01
1.59
1.42
1.30
1.13
1.01
.82
.71

41.33
26.14
18.48
13.07
11.69
8.27
5.84
4.13
3.70
2.92
2.61
2.39
2.07
1.85
1.51
1.31

47.35
29.94
21.17
14.97
13.39
9.47
6.70
4.73
4.23
3.35
2.99
2.73
2.37
2.12
1.73
1.50

50.62
32.01
22.64
16.01
14.32
10.12
7.16
5.06
4.53
3.58
3.20
2.92
2.53
2.26
1.85
1.60

51.66
32.67
23.10
16.34
14.61
10.33
7.31
5.17
4.62
3.65
3.27
2.98
2.58
2.31
1.89
1.63

Boston SMSA, Washington, D. C. SMSA, Denver-Boulder LMA, and New York central city
2 ................................................................................................................................................................
5 ................................................................................................................................................................
1 0 ..............................................................................................................................................................
2 0 ..............................................................................................................................................................
2 5 ..............................................................................................................................................................
5 0 ..............................................................................................................................................................
100 ...........................................................................................................................................................
200 ...........................................................................................................................................................
250 ...........................................................................................................................................................
400 ...........................................................................................................................................................
500 ...........................................................................................................................................................
600 ..........................................................................................................................................................
800 ...........................................................................................................................................................
1,000 .......................................................................................................................................................
1,500 ........................................................................................................................................................
2,000 ........................................................................................................................................................

14.32
9.06
6.40
4.53
4.05
2.86
2.02
1.43
1.28
1.01
.91
.83
.72
.64
.52
.45

22.29
14.10
9.97
7.05
6.30
4.46
3.15
2.23
1.99
1.58
1.41
1.29
1.11
1.00
.81
.70

40.91
25.87
18.30
12.94
11.57
8.18
5.79
4.09
3.66
2.89
2.59
2.36
2.05
1.83
1.49
1.29

46.87
29.64
20.96
14.82
13.26
9.37
6.63
4.69
4.19
3.31
2.96
2.71
2.34
2.10
1.71
1.48

50.10
31.69
22.41
15.84
14.17
10.02
7.09
5.01
4.48
3.54
3.17
2.89
2.51
2.24
1.83
1.58

51.14
32.34
22.87
16.17
14.46
10.23
7.23
5.11
4.57
3.62
3.23
2.95
2.56
2.29
1.87
1.82

145

20 or 80

30 or 70

40 or 60

50

Appendix C. Geographic
Boundary Definitions

This appendix lists the States composing the Census
divisions and regions. It also provides the geographic
definitions of Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
(SMSA’s) and Labor Market Areas (LMA’s). Revised
area definitions will be introduced with the publication
of 1985 annual data.
The Census regions and divisions and the States they
comprise are:

Georgia
Florida
East South Central
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi
West South Central
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas

Northeast
New England
Maine
New Hampshire
Vermont
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut

West
Mountain
Montana
Wyoming
Colorado
Utah
Idaho
Arizona
Nevada
New Mexico

Middle Atlantic
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
•

Midwest
East North Central
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin

Pacific
California
Hawaii
Washington
Oregon
Alaska
The Department of Labor has used LMA’s for a
number of years for various administrative and pro­
grammatic purposes. The boundaries for almost all
LMA’s are the same as those for SMSA’s, as established
by the Office of Management and Budget. SMSA
boundaries are defined using a specific set of criteria
developed for that purpose. LMA’s are determined by
the State employment security agencies, using rules es­
tablished by the Department of Labor. Since many
LMA’s were established before they were designated
as an SMSA, there are a few areas where boundary
differences reflect this initial classification discrepancy.
In general, an SMSA is defined as a county contain­
ing at least one city with 50,000 inhabitants or more,
or several economically and socially related contiguous
counties with at least one city of 25,000 inhabitants or
more. In the New England States, where SMSA’s are

West North Central
Iowa
Missouri
Nebraska
Kansas
Minnesota
North Dakota
South Dakota
South
South Atlantic
Delaware
Maryland
District of Columbia
Virginia
West Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
146

composed of cities and towns, the minimum population
size is 75,000.
The boundaries of SMSA’s are occasionally revised.
The table that follows compares the boundaries of 30

147

large SMSA’s in 1970 and 1973 (the current SMSA
boundaries) with the current LMA boundaries. With the
exception of Minneapolis-St. Paul and New York,
estimates in section III r$fer to SMSA’s.

Table C-1. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas (SMSA’s and LMA’s)
S M S A 1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n

A re a
A n a h e im S a n ta A n a G a rd e n G ro v e . .

L M A d e fin itio n 1

S M S A 1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

O range C o u n ty

Sam e

Sam e

A t l a n t a ...................

C o u n tie s o f C o b b , C la y to n , D e K a lb ,
F u lto n , G w in n e tt

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus c o u n tie s o f B utts,
C h e ro ke e , D ouglas, F a y e tte , F o r ­
s y th , H e n ry , N e w to n , Paulding,
R o c k d a le , W a lto n

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

B a ltim o re

C ity o f B a ltim o re , C oun ties o f A n n e
A ru n d e l, B a ltim o re , C a rro ll, H a r­
fo r d , a nd H o w a rd

Sam e

S am e

S u ffo lk C o u n ty a nd parts o f C oun ties
o f Essex, M id d le s e x , N o r fo lk ,
P ly m o u th

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus B o x fo rd T o w n
in Essex C o u n ty ; T o w n s o f A c to n ,
B o x b o ro u g h , C arlisle, H o llis to n in
M id d le s ex C o u n ty ; B ellin g h a m ,
F o x b o ro u g h , F ra n k lin , M e d w a y ,
S to u g h to n , W re n th a m in N o r fo lk
C o u n ty ; a nd A b in g to n , H anson,
K ing sto n in P ly m o u th C o u n ty .

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

C o u n tie s o f E rie , N iagara

S am e

Sam e

C h ic a g o ...................

C o u n tie s o f C o o k , D u Page, K ane,
L a k e , M c H e n r y , W ill

S am e

Sam e

C in c in n a ti

O h io p o rtio n : C oun ties o f C le rm o n t,
H a m ilto n , W a rre n

Sam e

Sam e

C o u n tie s o f C uyah oga, Geauga, Lake,
M e d in a

Sam e

S am e

C o u n tie s o f C o llin , D allas, D e n to n ,
E llis, K a u fm a n , R o c k w a ll, J o h n ­
son, T a r ra n t

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus C o u n tie s o f
H o o d , P arker, and Wise

Sam e

C o u n tie s o f A d a m s , A ra p a h o e, B o u l­
d e r, J e ffe rs o n , D en ver

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus C o u n tie s o f
D ouglas, G ilp in

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n plus C lear Creek
C o u n ty

C o u n tie s o f M a c o m b , O a k la n d , W a y n e

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus C o u n tie s o f
Lapeer, L ivingston , S t. C la ir

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

C o u n tie s o f B ra zo ria , F o r t B en d,
H arris, L ib e rty , M o n tg o m e ry

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus W a ller C o u n ty

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

In d ia n a p o lis ...........

C o u n tie s o f B oon e, H a m ilto n , H a n ­
c o c k , H en d ric k s, Johnson, M a rio n ,
M o rg a n , S h e lb y

Sam e

S am e

Kansas C i t y ...........

M issouri p o rtio n : C oun ties o f Cass,
C la y , Jackson, P la tte

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus R ay C o u n ty , M o .

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

..............

B o s to n ......................

B u ffa lo

...................

...........

K e n tu c k y p o rtio n : C oun ties o f B oon e,
C a m p b e ll, K e n to n
In d ia n a p o rtio n :
C le ve lan d

..............

DallasF o r t W o rth

D enverB o u ld e r

D e tr o it

H o u s to n

....

..............

...................

.................

Kansas p o rtio n :
W y a n d o tte

D ea rb o rn C o u n ty

C oun ties o f John so n,

Los AngelesL o n g B each . . . .

Los A ngeles C o u n ty

Sam e

Sam e

M i a m i ......................

D ad e C o u n ty

Sam e

Sam e

M il w a u k e e ..............

C o u n tie s o f M ilw a u k e e , O za u k e e ,
W ashin gton , W aukesha

Sam e

Sam e

M in n e s o ta p o rtio n : C oun ties o f
A n o k a , D a k o ta , H en n e p in ,
R am sey, W ashin gton

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus C o u n tie s of
C arv e r, C hisago, S c o tt, W rig h t,
M in n ., a nd S t. C ro ix , Wis.

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n m in u s S t. C ro ix
C o u n ty

C o u n tie s o f Nassau, S u ffo lk

Sam e

Sam e

M in n e ap o lisS t. P a u l .................

NassauS u ffo lk

.................

See fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le .

148

Table C-1. Continued— Geographic boundarlee of metropolitan areae (SMSA’s and LMA’a)
L M A d e fin itio n 1

S M S A 1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n

S M S A 1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

N e w Y o r k ..............

N e w Y o rk p o rtio n : N e w Y o rk C ity
(5 C o u n tie s ), and C o u n tie s o f
R o c k la n d , W estchester

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus P u tn am C o u n ty ,
N .Y ., and B erg e n .C o u n ty , N .J.

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n m inu s Bergen C o u n ty

N e w a r k ...................

C o u n tie s o f Essex, M orris, U n io n

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus S om erset C o u n ty

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

P h ila d e lp h ia ...........

P ennsylvania p o rtio n : C o u n tie s o f
Bucks, C hester, D elaw a re , M o n t­
g o m e ry , P h ila d e lp h ia

Sam e

Sam e

C o u n tie s o f A lle g h e n y , Beaver, W ash­
in g to n , W e s tm o re la n d

S am e

Sam e

C o u n tie s o f R iverside, San B ern a rd in o

Sam e

Sam e

M issouri p o rtio n : S t. Louis C ity and
C o u n tie s o f F r a n k lin , J effe rs o n ,
S t. Charles, S t. Louis

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus C o u n tie s o f
C lin to n , M o n ro e , III.

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

C o u n tie s o f A la m e d a , C o n tra Costa,
M a rin , San Francisco, San M a te o

Sam e

Sam e

S a n ta C lara C o u n ty

Sam e

Sam e

San D i e g o ..............

San D iego C o u n ty

Sam e

Sam e

S e a ttle E v e re tt

C o u n tie s o f K in g , S n o hom ish

Sam e

Sam e

D is tric t o f C o lu m b ia

1 9 7 0 d e fin itio n plus Charles C o u n ty ,
M d.

1 9 7 3 d e fin itio n

A rea

N e w Jersey p o rtio n : C oun ties o f
B u rlin g to n , C am d e n , G lo u c e ste r
P it t s b u r g h ..............

R iversideSan B ern a rd in o O n t a r i o ................
S t. L o u i s ........... .. .

Illin o is p o rtio n :
S t. C la ir
San FranciscoO a k la n d .................

San Jose

.................

.................

W as h in g to n ,
D .C ...........................

C oun ties o f M adison ,

V irg in ia p o rtio n : C oun ties o f A rlin g ­
to n , F a ir fa x , L o u d o u n , Prince
W illia m , C ities o f A le x a n d ria , Falls
C h u rc h , F a ir fa x , Manassas,
Manassas Park
M a ry la n d p o rtio n : C oun ties o f M o n t­
g o m e ry , P rince Georges

1Except for Denver-Boulder, for which the estimates are
based on the 1973 SMSA geographic boundaries, all

■frU.8. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:

1985

<»61

566

36

metropolitan area estimates are based on the LMA boundaries.

5 1

149

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