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FEDERAL RESERVE statistical release G.17 (419) For release at 9:15 a.m. (EST) January 18, 2012 INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION Industrial production increased 0.4 percent in December after having fallen 0.3 percent in November. For the fourth quarter as a whole, industrial production rose at an annual rate of 3.1 percent, its 10th consecutive quarterly gain. In the manufacturing sector, output advanced 0.9 percent in December with similarly sized gains (over) Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: Summary Seasonally adjusted 2007=100 Percent change Industrial production 2011 Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p Total index Previous estimates 94.1 94.2 94.4 94.4 94.6 94.4 95.1 95.0 94.9 94.8 Major market groups Final Products Consumer goods Business equipment Nonindustrial supplies Construction Materials 95.6 93.8 97.3 84.7 77.3 96.2 96.1 94.1 98.4 84.9 77.0 96.1 96.2 94.0 99.1 85.4 77.3 96.4 97.0 94.6 100.4 85.1 77.3 96.9 90.5 90.5 107.4 104.3 90.7 90.7 108.6 103.1 91.2 91.1 108.8 101.7 91.6 91.6 110.5 101.5 Major industry groups Manufacturing (see note below) Previous estimates Mining Utilities 2011 Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p 95.3 1.1 1.1 .2 .3 .2 .0 .6 .7 -.3 -.2 .4 2.9 96.6 93.9 100.4 84.3 77.1 97.0 96.8 94.1 101.1 84.8 77.9 97.5 .9 .8 1.2 .9 1.3 1.4 .5 .3 1.1 .3 -.4 .0 .1 -.1 .7 .5 .4 .3 .9 .7 1.3 -.3 .0 .5 -.5 -.8 .0 -.9 -.2 .1 .3 .2 .8 .5 1.0 .6 3.2 .9 9.5 1.8 4.6 3.1 91.3 91.2 111.0 100.9 92.1 .8 .8 1.2 3.3 .3 .3 1.1 -1.2 .5 .4 .2 -1.3 .5 .5 1.6 -.2 -.4 -.4 .5 -.6 .9 3.7 .3 -2.7 6.5 -6.6 111.4 98.2 Dec. ’10 to Dec. ’11 Capacity growth Percent of capacity Average 19722010 198889 high 199091 low 199495 high 2009 low 2010 Dec. 2011 Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p Dec. ’10 to Dec. ’11 Total industry Previous estimates 80.4 85.2 78.8 85.1 67.3 76.8 77.5 77.5 77.6 77.7 77.7 77.6 78.1 78.0 77.8 77.8 78.1 1.2 Manufacturing (see note below) Previous estimates Mining Utilities 79.0 85.5 77.3 84.7 64.4 73.8 83.8 84.3 88.5 93.3 79.0 79.2 88.9 83.7 75.3 75.3 90.9 79.8 75.6 75.6 92.2 79.6 75.3 75.3 92.6 79.0 .9 86.3 92.9 75.0 75.0 90.8 81.0 75.9 87.4 86.6 74.9 74.9 90.0 82.0 92.8 76.8 2.0 1.8 Stage-of-process groups Crude Primary and semifinished Finished 86.4 81.3 77.3 87.7 86.5 83.3 84.3 77.9 77.4 89.6 87.9 80.7 77.6 64.9 66.8 87.5 74.4 75.0 88.2 75.0 76.1 88.6 74.8 76.4 89.3 74.9 76.4 90.2 74.7 77.1 90.2 74.5 76.6 90.4 74.8 76.9 1.4 .2 2.0 Capacity utilization r Revised. p Preliminary. Note. The statistics in this release cover output, capacity, and capacity utilization in the U.S. industrial sector, which is defined by the Federal Reserve to comprise manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities. Mining is defined as all industries in sector 21 of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS); electric and gas utilities are those in NAICS sectors 2211 and 2212. Manufacturing comprises NAICS manufacturing industries (sector 31-33) plus the logging industry and the newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing industries. Logging and publishing are classified elsewhere in NAICS (under agriculture and information respectively), but historically they were considered to be manufacturing and were included in the industrial sector under the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. In December 2002 the Federal Reserve reclassified all its industrial output data from the SIC system to NAICS. 1 for both durables and nondurables. The output of utilities fell 2.7 percent, as unseasonably warm weather reduced the demand for heating; the output of mines moved up 0.3 percent. At 95.3 percent of its 2007 average, total industrial production in December was 2.9 percent above its level of a year earlier. The capacity utilization rate for total industry rose to 78.1 percent, a rate 2.3 percentage points below its long-run (1972–2010) average. Market Groups The production of consumer goods gained 0.2 percent in December and moved up at an annual rate of 1.1 percent in the fourth quarter. The output of consumer durable goods rose 0.3 percent in December, with increases in the indexes for automotive products, home electronics, and miscellaneous consumer durables partially offset by a decline in the index for appliances, furniture, and carpeting. The output of nondurable consumer goods rose 0.2 percent, but the index declined at an annual rate of 0.7 percent for the fourth quarter. In December, the production of non-energy nondurables advanced 0.7 percent, with gains in all of its component indexes other than clothing, while the output of consumer energy products decreased 1.0 percent. The output of business equipment rose 0.8 percent in December. Increases of more than 1 percent were recorded by the indexes for information processing equipment and for industrial and other equipment, but the index for transit equipment decreased 1.0 percent. In the fourth quarter, the production of business equipment rose at an annual rate of 10.0 percent, in part because of a jump of 23.3 percent in the production of transit equipment. The gain in business equipment this past quarter was similar to the average pace of increase over the past two years. The production of defense and space equipment fell 1.3 percent in December but advanced at an annual rate of 6.1 percent in the fourth quarter. Among nonindustrial supplies, the production index for construction supplies increased 1.0 percent in December. The output of construction supplies rose at an annual rate of 1.2 percent in the fourth quarter, its eighth consecutive quarterly gain. Nevertheless, the index remained more than 20 percent below its level preceding the recent recession. The production of business supplies increased 0.3 percent in December but fell at an annual rate of 1.9 percent for the quarter as a whole. The production of materials rose 0.6 percent in December. The index advanced at an annual rate of 3.9 percent in the fourth quarter after having climbed 6.7 percent in the third quarter. The production of durable materials jumped 1.6 percent in December, with gains for all of its major components. The output of nondurable materials rose 1.0 percent, with large increases in the output of textiles and chemicals slightly offset by a decline in the output of paper. The index for energy materials fell 0.6 percent but moved up at an annual rate of 2.5 percent in the fourth quarter. Industry Groups Manufacturing production climbed 0.9 percent in December to a level 3.7 percent above that of 12 months earlier; gains in December were widespread among the major industry groups. The factory operating rate moved up 0.6 percentage point to 75.9 percent, but it was still 3.1 percentage points below its long-run average of 79.0 percent. For the fourth quarter, manufacturing production increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent. The output of durable goods rose 0.9 percent in December. The indexes for wood products, primary metals, and machinery registered gains of more than 2 percent; the only major industries that recorded substantial decreases were nonmetallic mineral products, aerospace and miscellaneous transportation equipment, 2 and furniture. For the fourth quarter, the output of durables moved up at an annual rate of 6.3 percent, with gains of nearly 10 percent or more in wood products; primary metals; electrical equipment, appliances, and components; motor vehicles and parts; and aerospace and miscellaneous transportation equipment. The production of nondurable goods advanced 0.8 percent in December. The indexes for textile and product mills, for petroleum and coal products, for chemicals, and for plastics and rubber products all gained 1.0 percent or more, while the indexes both for paper and for apparel and leather fell. The output of nondurables increased at an annual rate of 1.5 percent in the fourth quarter. The index for other manufacturing (non-NAICS), which consists of publishing and logging, jumped 2.3 percent in December after having dropped 1.9 percent in November. In December, the output of mines moved up 0.3 percent, and the capacity utilization rate for mining rose to 92.8 percent, a level 5.4 percentage points above its long-run average. The output of mines advanced at an annual rate of 10.4 percent in the fourth quarter, its third consecutive quarter of strong growth. In December, the output index for natural gas utilities dropped 8.5 percent and the index for electric utilities decreased 1.7 percent, as temperatures for the month moved well above seasonal norms. The operating rate for utilities was 76.8 percent, a level 9.8 percentage points below its long-run average. In December, capacity utilization rates at industries grouped by stage of process were as follows: For the crude stage, the operating rate edged up 0.2 percentage point to 90.4 percent, a rate that was 4.0 percentage points above its long-run average; for the primary and semifinished stages, utilization increased 0.3 percentage point to 74.8 percent, a rate 6.5 percentage points below its long-run average; and for the finished stage, the operating rate increased 0.3 percentage point to 76.9 percent, a rate 0.4 percentage point below its long-run average. Tables 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Industrial Production: Market and Industry Group Summary; percent change Industrial Production: Special Aggregates and Selected Detail; percent change Motor Vehicle Assemblies Industrial Production: Market and Industry Group Summary; indexes Industrial Production: Special Aggregates and Selected Detail; indexes Diffusion Indexes of Industrial Production Capacity Utilization Industrial Capacity Gross Value of Products and Nonindustrial Supplies Gross-Value-Weighted Industrial Production: Stage-of-Process Groups Historical Statistics: Total Industry Historical Statistics: Manufacturing Historical Statistics: Total Industry Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries Historical Statistics: Manufacturing Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries Further detail is available on the Board’s website (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/). 3 Revision of Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization The Federal Reserve Board plans to issue its annual revision to the index of industrial production (IP) and the related measures of capacity utilization on March 30, 2012. The revised IP indexes will incorporate detailed data from the 2010 Annual Survey of Manufactures, conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Annual data from the U.S. Geological Survey regarding metallic and nonmetallic minerals (except fuels) for 2010 will also be incorporated. The update will include revisions to the monthly indicator (either product data or input data) and to seasonal factors for each industry. In addition, the estimation methods for some series may be changed. Any modifications to the methods for estimating the output of an industry will affect the index from 1972 to the present. Capacity and capacity utilization will be revised to incorporate data through the fourth quarter of 2011 from the Census Bureau’s Quarterly Survey of Plant Capacity, which covers manufacturing, along with new data on capacity from the U.S. Geological Survey, the Department of Energy, and other organizations. Once the revision is published, it will be available on the Board’s website at www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17. Further information on the revision can be obtained from the Board’s Industrial Output Section (telephone number 202-452-3197). 4 1. Industrial production, capacity, and utilization 175 Ratio scale, 2007 output = 100 Total Manufacturing 175 150 150 125 125 Capacity 100 100 75 75 Production 50 50 Detail: 2007 to present 106 Production 102 98 94 90 86 82 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 25 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 78 2005 2010 Percent of capacity 100 90 25 100 90 Utilization 80 80 70 70 60 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 60 Note: The shaded areas are periods of business recession as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). 5 2. Industrial production and capacity utilization Consumer goods 100 Equipment Ratio scale, 2007=100 110 105 Nondurable 130 130 100 110 110 95 95 90 90 90 Business 90 85 85 80 Ratio scale, 2007=100 110 105 Durable 80 75 75 70 70 70 70 Defense and Space 65 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Nonindustrial supplies Construction 90 80 50 110 110 105 100 100 Ratio scale, 2007=100 110 100 65 Industrial materials 90 Other business 80 60 70 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Capacity utilization Ratio scale, 2007=100 110 105 Energy 100 95 90 90 85 85 Non-energy 80 75 75 70 70 65 60 50 95 80 70 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Capacity utilization Percent of capacity 65 Percent of capacity 90 95 85 90 80 80 85 75 75 80 70 75 75 65 70 70 60 65 90 85 70 Primary and semifinished processing Excluding utilities 65 60 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 95 Crude processing 90 85 Finished processing 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 80 65 Note: The shaded areas are periods of business recession as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). 6 3. Industrial production and capacity utilization, high-technology industries Industrial production Ratio scale, 2007 = 100 130 130 110 110 Excluding high-technology industries 90 90 70 70 Total IP 50 30 1970 1975 1980 50 1985 1990 1995 2000 Industrial production 2005 2010 30 Percent change from year earlier 15 15 Total IP 10 10 5 5 0 0 Excluding the contribution of high-technology industries -5 -10 -15 1970 1975 Industrial production 1980 1985 50 1995 Ratio scale, 2007 = 100 200 150 100 1990 -10 2000 2005 Capacity utilization 200 150 Communications eq. -5 2010 Percent of capacity 100 95 100 -15 100 Excluding high-technology industries 95 85 85 75 75 50 Computers 65 Semiconductors 65 High-technology industries 10 5 2000 2005 2010 10 55 5 45 55 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 45 Notes: High-technology industries are defined as semiconductors and related electronic components (NAICS 334412-9), computers (NAICS 3341),and communications equipment (NAICS 3342). The shaded areas are periods of business recession as defined by the NBER. 7 Table 1 I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION : M ARKET AND I NDUSTRY G ROUP S UMMARY Percent change, seasonally adjusted Fourth quarter to fourth quarter Item 2010 proportion1 Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p 100.00 -5.5 6.2 3.7 .7 6.3 3.1 1.1 .2 .2 .6 -.3 .4 2.9 55.24 29.07 6.17 3.26 .23 .82 1.85 22.91 16.98 9.43 .21 5.26 1.56 5.92 -5.5 -2.1 -1.7 9.1 2.5 -15.0 -12.1 -2.2 -2.8 -1.2 -23.8 -3.5 -5.7 .1 5.3 3.3 5.6 6.1 -6.8 3.2 7.6 2.6 2.2 4.8 7.6 -.6 -3.2 3.9 3.6 1.8 8.5 12.3 .5 1.6 5.8 .1 -.3 .0 -5.3 -.3 -3.6 1.1 1.0 -1.2 -3.8 -7.5 -1.2 -1.1 1.6 -.5 .5 -.8 -4.2 6.8 -13.2 -3.6 6.0 4.1 11.3 16.9 23.8 -2.0 6.4 2.2 -2.0 -.8 -10.7 -4.8 -.5 14.4 2.5 1.1 7.9 13.9 3.4 -1.1 1.8 -.7 .5 2.2 -5.4 -4.1 6.1 -3.9 .9 .8 1.9 2.5 2.0 -1.0 2.0 .5 -.1 .4 .2 -1.0 -.1 1.9 .5 .3 .7 1.4 .6 1.3 -.9 .2 .0 -.5 -3.0 .1 2.8 .8 .2 -.1 .8 .7 .7 .1 1.1 -.4 .0 .0 -2.0 -.8 2.2 -1.2 .6 .7 1.9 3.7 .8 -.2 -.4 .4 .5 .8 1.9 .0 -.1 .0 -.6 -.8 -1.2 -2.2 -1.3 -.5 .3 -.7 -.9 -.5 -.7 -1.3 -1.9 -.1 .3 .2 .3 .4 .8 -.7 .4 .2 .7 .5 -1.2 .8 1.7 -1.0 2.9 .9 8.4 12.5 1.8 1.8 4.8 -1.1 -.3 .3 -7.1 -.7 -3.8 -3.4 9.06 1.88 2.51 4.67 2.36 -7.9 11.9 1.3 -18.0 1.2 12.2 10.5 11.3 13.3 5.5 9.9 24.0 5.7 6.5 2.4 4.3 23.1 -2.6 .9 -.4 12.1 31.0 11.3 5.1 1.5 10.0 23.3 5.4 6.7 6.1 1.2 2.9 2.3 .0 .9 1.1 2.7 .8 .6 .7 .7 .8 1.0 .5 .0 1.3 4.5 .2 .4 1.1 .0 -.5 -.3 .4 .8 .8 -1.0 1.1 1.4 -1.3 9.5 24.0 5.6 5.9 2.2 4.08 10.06 -17.3 -5.8 10.1 1.4 3.9 1.7 5.8 .9 7.0 5.4 1.2 -1.9 1.3 .8 -.4 .6 .4 .6 .0 -.4 -.2 -1.2 1.0 .3 4.6 .6 44.76 27.26 15.40 2.02 5.71 7.67 11.87 .47 2.30 5.44 17.50 -5.5 -7.7 -12.9 -14.7 -10.7 -14.0 .0 -4.6 -4.5 2.9 -1.9 7.5 8.0 11.5 9.0 11.8 12.0 3.5 9.5 .5 4.9 6.5 3.9 4.2 6.3 2.9 8.0 5.9 1.6 6.1 -3.4 3.4 3.4 .4 -1.2 2.1 -10.9 5.1 3.4 -5.6 16.0 -6.5 -8.0 3.0 6.7 3.3 3.2 9.1 4.5 .8 3.6 3.2 -4.9 7.9 12.2 3.9 4.9 5.4 5.5 3.9 6.4 4.3 4.0 -4.5 6.4 2.5 1.4 .7 .4 1.0 -.5 1.0 1.0 .9 .6 1.9 2.5 .0 -.2 -.1 -.5 1.1 -.9 -.3 -2.1 -2.2 -.6 .2 .3 .8 .6 .1 .0 1.1 1.2 1.6 .7 2.6 -.6 .5 .3 .1 .2 .3 .0 .5 .5 -1.2 .2 .9 .1 .0 .5 .2 .1 .8 -.6 -.8 .8 -1.0 .3 .6 1.3 1.6 3.3 .8 1.8 1.0 2.2 -.5 1.4 -.6 3.1 3.8 6.6 5.5 6.7 6.8 .2 4.3 -4.2 1.1 1.9 321 327 331 332 333 334 74.67 71.48 35.68 .93 1.57 2.19 5.14 4.63 6.51 -6.1 -5.9 -9.1 -11.7 -18.3 -8.3 -19.3 -20.4 1.4 6.1 6.6 9.6 6.3 7.0 12.5 14.0 16.3 10.8 4.0 4.3 7.4 2.2 .3 10.1 8.2 9.2 4.7 .1 .6 2.0 -5.1 13.2 -.8 12.7 .8 -1.9 5.0 5.0 7.8 -6.4 7.4 2.3 8.1 5.6 6.7 3.9 3.9 6.3 10.7 -9.0 15.2 2.9 6.8 .8 .8 .8 .9 -.3 .8 1.5 .8 .0 1.3 .3 .2 .5 -1.6 .7 -.6 -.1 -.6 1.1 .5 .5 .6 3.7 -.5 2.4 -.5 .5 .2 .5 .5 .7 -.3 -1.8 -.4 .2 .5 -.4 -.4 -.3 -.1 -.7 -.2 2.1 .7 .5 -.3 .9 .9 .9 4.2 -.8 3.2 1.1 2.1 1.0 3.7 4.0 7.1 3.7 1.8 9.0 8.2 8.2 3.8 335 3361–3 1.74 4.50 -17.5 2.3 9.6 10.2 -1.0 9.8 -8.1 -14.4 -5.7 18.3 9.6 11.1 -2.1 3.1 .6 1.7 1.3 .3 3.0 3.5 -2.4 -2.6 -.2 .6 -1.7 10.4 3364–9 337 339 4.20 1.04 3.22 .8 -21.3 -5.3 .9 6.5 4.1 13.5 3.4 6.0 19.9 5.6 2.6 15.0 3.2 6.7 16.5 -3.3 3.5 1.0 1.3 .4 1.6 2.1 .0 .9 -.5 1.4 2.3 -1.4 -.1 1.2 .7 -.5 -1.2 -.8 1.2 13.6 2.8 6.2 311,2 313,4 315,6 322 323 324 325 326 35.80 11.70 .74 .29 2.75 1.57 3.81 11.88 3.06 -2.3 -.5 -10.5 -18.9 -.3 -13.5 -.9 -.5 -7.3 3.5 4.4 6.8 6.8 2.2 -3.0 4.3 1.9 9.8 1.2 .4 2.0 -1.0 -2.9 -3.9 3.8 2.0 3.6 -.9 -.9 7.4 -.7 -7.9 -.2 3.9 -2.2 2.4 2.3 -.4 -.8 -6.9 -5.1 -3.1 17.2 2.6 2.7 1.5 3.7 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -9.3 2.5 .5 3.8 .6 .4 .2 .3 -.2 1.1 1.8 .4 1.5 -.2 -.1 -1.4 -2.3 -1.4 -1.0 .8 .1 -.6 .3 -.2 .6 -1.3 .9 -.9 .4 1.0 .1 .3 1.2 .1 2.2 -.7 -.8 -.4 -.2 1.0 -.6 -.5 -1.0 -1.1 .9 -1.3 .1 -1.0 -.6 .8 .6 1.0 -.5 -1.0 .5 1.1 1.2 1.6 .8 .8 .8 -3.5 -4.2 -3.4 3.7 .7 3.8 1133,5111 3.19 -10.0 -4.7 -2.7 -10.5 4.0 3.9 .2 2.8 1.3 -.3 -1.9 2.3 -1.8 21 2211,2 2211 2212 13.94 11.39 9.73 1.66 -5.4 -1.3 -1.7 .9 10.0 3.1 2.5 6.8 6.1 -1.3 -.6 -5.2 8.3 -4.8 -3.2 -14.1 10.2 10.7 8.6 24.3 10.4 -10.5 -11.5 -4.6 1.2 3.3 3.4 2.7 1.1 -1.2 -1.6 1.6 .2 -1.3 -2.0 2.4 1.6 -.2 -1.0 4.7 .5 -.6 .6 -7.4 .3 -2.7 -1.7 -8.5 6.5 -6.6 -4.4 -18.6 Construction supplies Business supplies Materials Non-energy Durable Consumer parts Equipment parts Other Nondurable Textile Paper Chemical Energy Mining Utilities Electric Natural gas Sept.r 2011 Business equipment Transit Information processing Industrial and other Defense and space equipment Other manufacturing (non-NAICS) Aug.r Dec. ’10 to Dec. ’11 2010 M ARKET G ROUPS Final products and nonindustrial supplies Consumer goods Durable Automotive products Home electronics Appliances, furniture, carpeting Miscellaneous goods Nondurable Non-energy Foods and tobacco Clothing Chemical products Paper products Energy Nondurable manufacturing Food, beverage, and tobacco products Textile and product mills Apparel and leather Paper Printing and support Petroleum and coal products Chemicals Plastics and rubber products Monthly rate 2011 Julyr 2009 Total IP I NDUSTRY G ROUPS Manufacturing Manufacturing (NAICS) Durable manufacturing Wood products Nonmetallic mineral products Primary metals Fabricated metal products Machinery Computer and electronic products Electrical equip., appliances, and components Motor vehicles and parts Aerospace and miscellaneous transportation equipment Furniture and related products Miscellaneous Annual rate 2011 Q2 Q3r Q4p 31–33 r Revised. p Preliminary. NOTE. Under the industry groups, the figures to the right of the series descriptions are 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes. The abbreviation pt denotes part of a NAICS code. Additional industry detail is available on the Board’s web site (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17). Under market groups, in the products category, miscellaneous consumer nondurables, oil and gas drilling, and manufactured homes are not shown separately; in the nondurable materials category, containers and miscellaneous nondurable materials are not shown separately. 1. The proportion data are the relative weights for the rates of change for each series in the computation of the change in total industrial production in the following year. 8 Table 2 I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION : S PECIAL AGGREGATES AND S ELECTED D ETAIL Percent change, seasonally adjusted Fourth quarter to fourth quarter Item Annual rate 2011 Q2 Q3r Q4p 2010 proportion 2009 2010 2011 100.00 -5.5 6.2 3.7 .7 6.3 27.15 5.92 3.17 .56 4.37 13.12 -2.4 .1 -.2 -42.4 -1.3 -2.1 6.0 3.9 1.7 44.7 3.4 7.6 2.8 1.1 -.3 20.9 .5 4.3 1.9 -3.6 1.5 28.0 7.1 1.7 72.85 -6.5 6.3 4.0 3341 3342 3.56 .77 .73 6.1 15.7 .1 10.5 12.1 -1.4 334412–9 2.06 4.3 69.29 Monthly rate Dec. ’10 to Dec. ’11 2011 Julyr Aug. 3.1 1.1 .2 .2 .6 -.3 .4 2.9 12.4 14.4 7.3 23.8 4.2 15.0 .1 -3.9 -7.7 11.7 -7.6 5.8 2.1 1.9 .2 2.4 3.2 2.3 .5 .8 1.4 2.2 -3.0 1.2 -.6 -1.2 .2 .8 -2.9 .2 .5 .0 -1.2 1.9 1.3 .8 .0 -.1 -1.4 -.7 .3 .3 -.8 -1.0 -1.5 .4 -1.3 -.5 .5 -3.4 -3.5 19.3 -3.9 3.8 .3 4.1 4.3 .7 .1 .6 .6 -.4 .9 3.9 2.5 1.8 2.8 -1.7 -2.3 -5.7 3.2 22.2 3.8 -6.1 -.1 -1.3 .0 2.3 .4 1.3 1.0 .8 -.6 .1 1.0 -1.6 -.6 -.3 -.3 .1 -1.4 .6 .6 .1 .8 1.2 2.7 14.4 2.7 -.2 -3.1 -9.9 -1.0 1.5 -1.4 -2.4 .1 .7 -.1 -7.2 6.1 4.1 .4 4.2 4.8 .8 .1 .6 .7 -.4 .9 4.0 4.50 2.36 1.84 2.3 10.9 -7.3 10.2 15.4 2.8 9.8 16.4 -.4 -14.4 -17.2 -14.5 18.3 35.5 5.8 11.1 15.6 4.7 3.1 4.7 1.3 1.7 3.3 .4 .3 1.2 .5 3.5 5.0 .7 -2.6 -4.7 -.7 .6 .3 1.4 10.4 16.9 1.3 64.79 20.21 7.29 4.06 6.64 24.22 -7.8 -4.8 -9.7 -17.4 -8.4 -8.5 5.8 2.8 10.4 10.2 .9 7.7 3.7 .7 10.1 3.9 2.6 4.5 1.5 1.3 6.0 5.9 .6 -.1 3.2 -1.3 12.1 7.1 4.7 3.4 4.4 1.6 10.3 1.2 1.3 5.9 .6 .0 1.2 1.3 1.1 .7 .0 -.1 1.0 -.4 .2 -.4 .6 .2 .9 .4 .9 1.0 .5 .5 1.0 .0 .1 .4 -.2 -.7 .4 -.2 -1.2 .0 1.0 .7 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 3.6 .8 9.6 4.6 2.7 4.2 Measures excluding selected high-technology industries Total industry Manufacturing1 Durable 96.44 71.11 32.26 -5.9 -6.8 -10.8 6.1 5.8 9.5 3.7 4.0 7.8 .8 .2 2.4 6.4 5.1 8.2 3.4 4.3 7.5 1.1 .8 1.0 .2 .2 .5 .3 .5 .7 .6 .6 1.0 -.3 -.4 -.1 .4 .9 .9 3.0 3.9 7.8 Measures excluding motor vehicles and parts Total industry Manufacturing1 Durable 95.50 70.17 31.31 -5.8 -6.6 -10.6 6.1 5.8 9.5 3.4 3.6 7.0 1.5 1.2 4.6 5.8 4.2 6.3 2.8 3.4 5.6 1.0 .6 .7 .2 .2 .4 .2 .5 .6 .4 .3 .3 -.2 -.2 .3 .4 .9 1.0 2.6 3.3 6.7 Measures excluding selected high-technology industries and motor vehicles and parts Total industry Manufacturing1 91.94 66.61 -6.3 -7.3 5.9 5.6 3.4 3.7 1.6 1.3 5.9 4.2 3.1 3.9 1.1 .7 .1 .1 .3 .6 .5 .4 -.2 -.2 .4 .9 2.7 3.4 Stage-of-process components of non-energy materials, measures of the input to Finished processors Primary and semifinished processors 10.49 16.77 -10.0 -6.1 8.7 7.6 4.5 4.1 -.1 -1.9 3.2 3.4 2.4 6.5 .1 1.0 .0 -.3 .2 1.2 .0 .5 .2 -.1 1.1 1.5 4.0 3.7 Total industry Energy Consumer products Commercial products Oil and gas well drilling Converted fuel Primary energy 213111 Non-energy Selected high-technology industries Computers and peripheral equipment Communications equipment Semiconductors and related electronic components Excluding selected high-technology industries Motor vehicles and parts Motor vehicles Motor vehicle parts 3361–3 3361 3363 Excluding motor vehicles and parts Consumer goods Business equipment Construction supplies Business supplies Materials r Sept. r Oct. r Nov. r p Dec. r Revised. p Preliminary. 1. Refer to note on cover page. Table 3 M OTOR V EHICLE A SSEMBLIES Millions of units, seasonally adjusted annual rate 2011 average 2011 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2011 July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total Autos Trucks Light Medium and heavy 8.62 2.94 5.67 5.43 .24 8.42 2.70 5.73 5.54 .19 7.94 2.75 5.18 4.94 .24 8.64 2.88 5.76 5.52 .25 8.95 3.22 5.72 5.45 .27 8.49 2.70 5.79 5.55 .24 8.71 3.03 5.68 5.43 .25 8.73 2.91 5.82 5.57 .25 9.17 3.19 5.98 5.71 .27 8.77 3.20 5.57 5.29 .28 8.91 3.29 5.62 5.35 .27 Memo Autos and light trucks 8.38 8.23 7.69 8.40 8.67 8.25 8.46 8.48 8.90 8.49 8.64 Item NOTE. Seasonal factors and underlying data for auto, light truck, and medium and heavy truck production are available on the Board’s web site, www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/mvsf.htm 9 Table 4 I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION I NDEXES : M ARKET AND I NDUSTRY G ROUP S UMMARY 2007 = 100, seasonally adjusted 2010 proportion 2011 Apr. May June Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p 100.00 92.7 93.0 93.1 94.1 94.4 94.6 95.1 94.9 95.3 55.24 29.07 6.17 3.26 .23 .82 1.85 22.91 16.98 9.43 .21 5.26 1.56 5.92 91.2 92.8 86.7 92.8 88.1 69.0 83.9 94.9 93.0 98.3 65.8 90.3 76.9 101.8 91.8 93.2 87.0 92.5 94.9 69.2 84.9 95.2 92.5 97.5 65.9 90.3 76.2 104.7 91.7 93.1 87.0 93.0 95.5 68.7 84.1 95.2 92.2 97.4 65.5 90.3 73.7 105.3 92.5 93.8 88.6 95.3 97.3 68.1 85.8 95.6 92.1 97.8 65.6 89.4 73.6 107.3 93.0 94.1 89.2 96.7 97.9 68.9 85.0 95.8 92.1 97.4 63.7 89.5 75.6 108.2 93.2 94.0 89.9 97.4 98.6 69.0 86.0 95.4 92.1 97.4 62.4 88.8 77.3 106.9 93.7 94.6 91.6 101.0 99.4 68.8 85.7 95.8 92.5 98.2 63.6 88.8 77.2 106.9 93.2 93.9 90.5 98.8 98.1 68.5 86.0 95.1 91.7 97.8 63.1 87.7 75.7 106.7 93.5 94.1 90.8 99.2 98.8 68.1 86.3 95.4 92.4 98.3 62.4 88.4 77.0 105.6 9.06 1.88 2.51 4.67 2.36 94.5 90.2 110.1 88.3 116.8 95.8 92.7 110.4 89.6 117.1 96.1 94.0 109.5 89.9 115.3 97.3 96.7 112.0 89.9 116.3 98.4 99.4 112.9 90.4 117.1 99.1 100.2 114.0 90.9 117.2 100.4 104.7 114.2 91.2 118.5 100.4 104.2 113.9 91.5 119.4 101.1 103.2 115.2 92.9 117.9 4.08 10.06 75.0 87.4 76.3 87.9 76.3 87.5 77.3 88.2 77.0 88.7 77.3 89.3 77.3 88.9 77.1 87.9 77.9 88.1 44.76 27.26 15.40 2.02 5.71 7.67 11.87 .47 2.30 5.44 17.50 94.6 88.5 88.5 66.2 102.5 86.1 88.8 86.1 85.6 86.8 104.9 94.5 88.6 89.2 65.6 103.6 87.0 88.0 86.8 84.3 85.6 104.3 94.9 88.6 89.1 67.4 104.4 85.9 88.0 87.4 84.2 85.5 105.4 96.2 89.2 89.5 68.0 103.9 86.7 88.9 88.2 84.7 87.2 108.0 96.1 89.0 89.4 67.7 105.0 85.9 88.6 86.4 82.9 86.7 108.2 96.4 89.7 89.9 67.8 105.0 86.9 89.7 87.7 83.4 89.0 107.6 96.9 90.0 90.0 67.9 105.3 86.9 90.1 88.1 82.4 89.1 108.6 97.0 90.0 90.5 68.0 105.4 87.6 89.5 87.4 83.1 88.3 108.9 97.5 91.2 91.9 70.3 106.2 89.2 90.4 89.3 82.6 89.5 108.2 321 327 331 332 333 334 74.67 71.48 35.68 .93 1.57 2.19 5.14 4.63 6.51 89.6 90.6 90.5 71.4 68.8 91.1 85.7 88.6 114.7 89.7 90.8 91.2 72.1 70.1 90.4 86.5 90.0 115.4 89.8 90.9 91.4 70.1 70.1 88.9 87.9 91.4 114.3 90.5 91.6 92.2 69.9 70.7 90.3 88.6 91.4 115.8 90.7 91.8 92.7 68.8 71.2 89.8 88.5 90.9 117.0 91.2 92.2 93.3 71.4 70.8 92.0 88.1 91.3 117.2 91.6 92.7 94.0 71.2 69.6 91.6 88.3 91.8 116.8 91.3 92.4 93.9 70.7 69.4 93.6 88.9 92.2 116.4 92.1 93.2 94.7 73.6 68.9 96.6 89.9 94.1 117.5 335 3361–3 1.74 4.50 79.9 79.4 79.6 79.0 79.4 79.2 77.8 81.6 78.3 83.0 79.3 83.2 81.7 86.1 79.7 83.9 79.5 84.4 3364–9 337 339 4.20 1.04 3.22 98.2 69.0 100.5 99.5 70.5 101.1 100.6 68.0 101.9 101.6 68.9 102.4 103.2 70.3 102.3 104.1 70.0 103.8 106.5 69.0 103.6 107.8 69.5 103.1 106.6 68.9 104.4 311,2 313,4 315,6 322 323 324 325 326 35.80 11.70 .74 .29 2.75 1.57 3.81 11.88 3.06 91.0 99.7 78.1 64.2 88.6 74.7 95.4 88.6 86.9 90.6 98.9 78.2 64.5 87.7 74.6 97.4 87.8 87.2 90.7 98.8 78.5 64.3 87.5 73.6 98.6 87.9 86.5 91.2 99.2 78.7 64.4 87.3 74.4 100.4 88.3 87.8 91.1 99.1 77.6 63.0 86.1 73.7 101.2 88.4 87.2 91.4 98.9 78.0 62.2 86.9 73.1 101.7 89.3 87.3 91.7 100.1 78.1 63.6 86.3 72.4 101.3 89.0 88.2 91.2 99.6 77.3 62.9 87.1 71.5 101.4 88.1 87.6 91.9 100.2 78.1 62.6 86.2 71.9 102.5 89.1 89.0 1133,5111 3.19 69.9 69.9 68.3 68.5 70.4 71.3 71.1 69.8 71.3 21 2211,2 2211 2212 13.94 11.39 9.73 1.66 105.1 99.7 100.2 96.2 105.8 100.6 99.9 103.7 106.1 101.0 100.8 101.3 107.4 104.3 104.2 104.0 108.6 103.1 102.5 105.7 108.8 101.7 100.5 108.3 110.5 101.5 99.5 113.3 111.0 100.9 100.1 105.0 111.4 98.2 98.4 96.0 Item Total IP M ARKET G ROUPS Final products and nonindustrial supplies Consumer goods Durable Automotive products Home electronics Appliances, furniture, carpeting Miscellaneous goods Nondurable Non-energy Foods and tobacco Clothing Chemical products Paper products Energy Business equipment Transit Information processing Industrial and other Defense and space equipment Construction supplies Business supplies Materials Non-energy Durable Consumer parts Equipment parts Other Nondurable Textile Paper Chemical Energy I NDUSTRY G ROUPS Manufacturing Manufacturing (NAICS) Durable manufacturing Wood products Nonmetallic mineral products Primary metals Fabricated metal products Machinery Computer and electronic products Electrical equip., appliances, and components Motor vehicles and parts Aerospace and miscellaneous transportation equipment Furniture and related products Miscellaneous Nondurable manufacturing Food, beverage, and tobacco products Textile and product mills Apparel and leather Paper Printing and support Petroleum and coal products Chemicals Plastics and rubber products Other manufacturing (non-NAICS) Mining Utilities Electric Natural gas 31–33 r Revised. p Preliminary. NOTE. Refer to notes on table 1. 10 Table 5 I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION I NDEXES : S PECIAL AGGREGATES 2007 = 100, seasonally adjusted 2010 proportion 2011 Apr. May June Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p 100.00 92.7 93.0 93.1 94.1 94.4 94.6 95.1 94.9 95.3 27.15 5.92 3.17 .56 4.37 13.12 103.3 101.8 100.2 95.1 98.3 106.9 103.8 104.7 101.6 98.2 99.1 105.9 104.7 105.3 101.8 98.4 100.0 107.0 106.9 107.3 102.0 100.9 103.2 109.5 107.4 108.2 103.4 103.0 100.1 110.8 106.8 106.9 103.6 103.9 97.2 111.0 107.3 106.9 102.4 105.8 98.4 111.9 107.3 106.7 101.0 105.1 98.7 112.3 106.5 105.6 99.5 105.5 97.4 111.8 72.85 89.2 89.4 89.3 90.0 90.1 90.6 91.1 90.8 91.6 3341 3342 3.56 .77 .73 123.9 136.5 90.4 124.4 138.5 89.7 124.5 141.8 89.6 124.5 145.1 90.0 126.0 146.5 90.7 125.2 146.6 91.6 123.3 145.7 91.3 123.0 145.8 90.0 123.7 146.6 90.1 334412–9 2.06 133.9 134.4 133.5 132.2 134.2 132.3 129.1 129.2 130.1 69.29 87.4 87.6 87.5 88.2 88.3 88.8 89.4 89.1 89.9 4.50 2.36 1.84 79.4 86.0 69.4 79.0 85.8 68.6 79.2 86.5 68.7 81.6 90.6 69.6 83.0 93.5 69.9 83.2 94.6 70.2 86.1 99.4 70.7 83.9 94.7 70.2 84.4 95.0 71.2 64.79 20.21 7.29 4.06 6.64 24.22 88.0 90.4 91.8 74.8 81.7 87.6 88.3 90.1 93.3 76.2 81.8 87.8 88.2 89.8 93.6 76.2 81.3 87.8 88.7 89.8 94.7 77.1 82.2 88.4 88.7 89.7 95.6 76.8 82.3 88.1 89.3 89.9 96.4 77.1 83.0 88.9 89.7 90.4 97.4 77.1 83.1 89.3 89.5 89.8 97.8 76.9 82.1 89.4 90.3 90.3 98.7 77.7 83.1 90.6 96.44 71.11 32.26 91.5 87.9 87.0 91.8 88.0 87.6 91.9 88.0 87.8 93.0 88.7 88.7 93.2 89.0 89.1 93.4 89.4 89.7 94.0 90.0 90.6 93.8 89.6 90.5 94.2 90.4 91.4 95.50 70.17 31.31 93.4 90.3 92.0 93.7 90.5 92.8 93.8 90.5 93.1 94.8 91.1 93.7 94.9 91.3 94.0 95.2 91.7 94.6 95.6 92.0 94.9 95.4 91.8 95.1 95.8 92.6 96.0 91.94 66.61 92.2 88.5 92.5 88.7 92.6 88.7 93.6 89.3 93.7 89.4 94.0 89.9 94.4 90.2 94.3 90.0 94.7 90.9 10.49 16.77 89.4 88.0 89.5 88.0 90.3 87.5 90.4 88.4 90.4 88.1 90.6 89.2 90.5 89.6 90.7 89.5 91.7 90.8 Item Total industry Energy Consumer products Commercial products Oil and gas well drilling Converted fuel Primary energy 213111 Non-energy Selected high-technology industries Computers and peripheral equipment Communications equipment Semiconductors and related electronic components Excluding selected high-technology industries Motor vehicles and parts Motor vehicles Motor vehicle parts 3361–3 3361 3363 Excluding motor vehicles and parts Consumer goods Business equipment Construction supplies Business supplies Materials Measures excluding selected high-technology industries Total industry Manufacturing1 Durable Measures excluding motor vehicles and parts Total industry Manufacturing1 Durable Measures excluding selected high-technology industries and motor vehicles and parts Total industry Manufacturing1 Stage-of-process components of non-energy materials, measures of the input to Finished processors Primary and semifinished processors r Revised. p Preliminary. 1. Refer to note on cover page. Table 6 D IFFUSION I NDEXES OF I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION Percent Item One month earlier 2009 2010 2011 Three months earlier 2009 2010 2011 Six months earlier 2009 2010 2011 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 34.3 64.7 61.2 43.6 52.6 51.3 33.0 65.7 56.4 40.4 68.6 45.5 41.3 66.7 51.0 42.0 53.2 47.1 59.9 60.3 57.1 63.5 52.9 55.8 59.6 51.6 51.6 52.9 57.7 56.1 60.3 54.8 44.1 53.2 59.3 17.6 70.2 64.1 23.4 62.2 61.5 32.4 65.7 59.9 37.5 63.8 51.3 33.3 74.0 54.5 37.8 65.4 51.6 46.2 62.5 54.8 58.7 57.7 53.2 63.5 58.3 59.3 60.3 53.8 56.4 62.2 55.4 56.1 58.3 58.3 15.7 68.6 60.3 18.9 67.6 61.5 22.8 67.6 65.1 21.2 75.0 57.7 22.4 72.8 60.6 29.5 72.4 58.3 36.2 67.9 54.5 42.0 68.3 50.6 51.6 64.7 51.0 53.8 61.5 58.3 59.0 57.4 58.3 66.0 60.9 NOTE. The diffusion indexes are calculated as the percentage of series that increased over the indicated span (one, three, or six months) plus one-half the percentage that were unchanged. 11 Table 7 C APACITY U TILIZATION Percent of capacity, seasonally adjusted 2010 proportion 19722010 ave. 199495 high 2009 low 2011 Q2 Q3r Q4p 2011 Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p 100.00 80.4 85.1 67.3 76.7 77.6 78.0 77.5 77.6 77.7 78.1 77.8 78.1 31–33 77.87 74.31 79.0 78.8 84.7 84.8 64.4 64.2 74.4 74.9 75.1 75.6 75.6 76.1 74.9 75.5 75.0 75.5 75.3 75.8 75.6 76.1 75.3 75.8 75.9 76.4 321 327 331 332 333 334 39.68 1.19 2.39 2.37 5.62 4.99 6.72 77.2 77.8 75.9 79.4 77.2 78.1 78.1 83.8 87.1 82.7 94.0 85.6 87.1 84.9 59.0 50.9 45.6 49.4 60.5 61.1 68.6 72.8 62.5 53.0 72.2 77.5 78.8 77.8 73.9 61.8 54.4 72.7 79.4 79.7 77.1 74.7 63.8 53.5 75.6 80.3 80.9 75.4 73.6 61.6 54.1 72.4 79.5 79.9 77.2 73.9 60.7 54.6 72.0 79.5 79.4 77.4 74.2 63.1 54.5 73.8 79.2 79.8 76.9 74.6 63.1 53.6 73.6 79.5 80.1 75.9 74.4 62.8 53.6 75.3 80.2 80.5 75.0 75.0 65.6 53.3 77.8 81.2 82.1 75.2 335 3361–3 1.78 5.69 82.7 75.3 92.9 87.4 66.8 34.8 75.3 62.2 74.4 64.5 76.4 65.7 73.7 63.9 74.3 64.8 75.3 64.8 77.6 66.9 75.8 65.0 75.8 65.3 3364–9 337 339 4.45 1.21 3.26 73.0 77.5 76.0 68.9 82.5 80.6 70.6 59.2 68.8 74.8 69.5 78.6 77.3 70.4 79.3 80.1 70.1 79.4 76.3 69.4 79.2 77.5 71.0 79.0 78.1 70.8 79.9 79.8 69.9 79.6 80.7 70.5 79.0 79.7 70.0 79.7 311,2 313,4 315,6 322 323 324 325 326 34.63 11.15 .89 .33 2.48 1.85 3.03 11.59 3.32 81.1 81.2 80.4 78.2 87.1 82.2 85.8 78.0 82.3 86.1 86.1 92.4 87.3 92.6 85.8 90.9 81.8 92.5 69.8 74.5 53.2 62.7 71.7 63.4 78.3 66.2 57.5 77.2 78.0 66.4 70.4 82.4 63.9 84.9 77.2 74.0 77.5 77.4 66.6 69.2 81.4 63.6 88.0 77.7 75.0 77.7 77.7 66.7 69.1 81.3 62.2 88.4 77.8 76.3 77.6 77.7 67.0 70.6 81.9 64.1 87.6 77.4 75.1 77.4 77.5 66.2 69.0 80.8 63.6 88.1 77.5 74.8 77.7 77.1 66.7 68.1 81.6 63.1 88.4 78.2 75.1 77.8 77.9 66.9 69.7 81.0 62.6 88.0 78.0 76.0 77.4 77.4 66.3 69.0 81.8 61.8 88.0 77.2 75.7 78.0 77.7 67.1 68.7 81.1 62.2 89.0 78.1 77.1 1133,5111 3.56 83.4 83.2 69.0 63.8 64.5 65.3 63.0 64.8 65.7 65.6 64.3 65.8 21 2211,2 11.73 10.40 87.4 86.6 88.5 93.3 79.0 79.2 88.9 79.2 90.6 80.9 92.5 78.5 90.0 82.0 90.8 81.0 90.9 79.8 92.2 79.6 92.6 79.0 92.8 76.8 3341 3342 3.74 .74 .75 78.3 78.5 76.7 86.9 87.3 83.8 70.9 82.5 78.8 76.6 75.2 74.0 74.2 78.0 73.4 70.1 77.1 71.9 74.7 77.8 73.3 74.6 78.3 73.4 73.1 78.0 73.7 71.0 77.3 73.0 69.9 77.0 71.6 69.3 77.1 71.3 334412–9 2.25 80.3 92.2 63.1 78.4 73.5 67.6 74.6 74.2 71.7 68.7 67.4 66.7 Measures excluding selected high-technology industries Total industry Manufacturing1 96.26 74.13 80.5 79.0 85.0 84.5 67.1 64.0 76.7 74.3 77.7 75.1 78.3 75.9 77.6 74.9 77.7 75.0 77.9 75.4 78.3 75.8 78.1 75.5 78.4 76.2 S TAGE - OF - PROCESS GROUPS Crude Primary and semifinished Finished 15.38 45.86 38.77 86.4 81.3 77.3 89.6 87.9 80.7 77.6 64.9 66.8 87.1 73.8 75.8 88.7 74.9 76.3 90.3 74.7 76.9 88.2 75.0 76.1 88.6 74.8 76.4 89.3 74.9 76.4 90.2 74.7 77.1 90.2 74.5 76.6 90.4 74.8 76.9 Item Total industry 1 Manufacturing Manufacturing (NAICS) Durable manufacturing Wood products Nonmetallic mineral products Primary metals Fabricated metal products Machinery Computer and electronic products Electrical equip., appliances, and components Motor vehicles and parts Aerospace and miscellaneous transportation equipment Furniture and related products Miscellaneous Nondurable manufacturing Food, beverage, and tobacco products Textile and product mills Apparel and leather Paper Printing and support Petroleum and coal products Chemicals Plastics and rubber products Other manufacturing (non-NAICS) Mining Utilities Selected high-technology industries Computers and peripheral equipment Communications equipment Semiconductors and related electronic components r Revised. p Preliminary. 1. Refer to note on cover page. 12 Table 8 I NDUSTRIAL C APACITY Percent change Average annual rate 19721980198979 88 94 Item Total industry Manufacturing 1 Mining Utilities Selected high-technology industries Manufacturing1 ex. selected high-technology industries S TAGE - OF - PROCESS GROUPS Crude Primary and semifinished Finished 19952011 2008 2009 2010 2011 2011 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Monthly rate 2011 Dec. Fourth quarter to fourth quarter Annual rate 3.1 1.9 2.2 2.3 .2 -1.1 -1.8 1.1 .9 1.3 1.3 1.1 .1 3.3 2.2 2.5 2.5 -.6 -2.8 -2.0 .8 .3 .8 1.1 1.0 .1 .7 4.2 .1 2.1 -.6 1.8 .0 2.2 2.6 2.4 3.4 .5 -.9 3.6 2.1 2.0 2.3 3.1 2.5 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.2 .1 .1 19.6 17.3 15.6 20.9 -.1 10.0 4.1 15.2 10.4 14.9 17.6 17.9 1.3 2.6 1.3 1.6 .9 -.7 -3.6 -2.3 .1 -.2 .2 .3 .3 .0 1.6 3.0 3.9 .4 1.3 3.3 -.5 2.5 2.6 .1 2.7 2.4 2.3 .0 -.8 .9 -2.3 -2.1 -.9 -2.1 -.7 1.5 .2 2.0 1.9 -.1 1.4 1.9 .3 1.9 1.4 .4 2.2 .9 .3 2.2 .1 .0 .2 1. Refer to note on cover page. Table 9 G ROSS VALUE OF F INAL P RODUCTS AND N ONINDUSTRIAL S UPPLIES Billions of 2005 dollars at annual rate, seasonally adjusted 2005 2011 2011 Q2 Q3r Q4p 2011 Julyr Aug.r Sept.r Oct.r Nov.r Dec.p 3,336.9 3,288.3 3,250.4 3,314.0 3,341.2 3,293.7 3,319.8 3,328.7 3,345.0 3,330.4 3,348.2 2,477.7 1,835.2 495.3 288.3 207.0 1,339.9 2,538.6 1,823.2 451.8 291.2 161.3 1,369.3 2,504.7 1,801.7 438.3 278.4 160.5 1,359.4 2,556.5 1,836.2 452.4 290.9 162.0 1,381.2 2,587.3 1,849.1 464.3 302.7 162.4 1,384.2 2,541.9 1,828.2 447.6 286.4 161.8 1,377.3 2,562.7 1,840.4 453.5 292.6 161.6 1,384.2 2,565.0 1,840.0 456.0 293.8 162.8 1,382.0 2,585.2 1,847.8 467.9 306.2 162.4 1,380.4 2,581.4 1,844.1 461.6 300.1 162.2 1,381.6 2,595.3 1,855.4 463.5 301.8 162.5 1,390.7 Equipment, total Business and defense Business Defense and space 642.5 619.1 539.2 79.9 719.4 697.2 586.4 109.4 706.4 684.9 574.5 108.7 724.4 701.6 591.1 109.1 744.4 720.1 608.6 110.5 717.2 695.0 584.8 108.8 726.4 703.5 592.8 109.4 729.6 706.2 595.7 109.3 743.5 719.4 607.8 110.5 743.7 719.4 606.9 111.3 746.0 721.6 611.0 109.7 Nonindustrial supplies Construction supplies Business supplies Commercial energy products 859.2 270.2 589.1 210.9 753.9 210.4 543.7 215.0 749.7 209.2 540.7 214.1 761.8 212.2 549.8 219.4 758.7 213.5 545.5 214.8 756.0 212.3 544.0 214.9 761.5 211.4 550.2 220.5 767.8 212.8 555.2 222.6 764.3 213.9 550.7 218.4 753.9 212.2 542.0 213.5 757.9 214.3 544.0 212.6 Item Final products and nonindustrial supplies Final products Consumer goods Durable Automotive products Other durable goods Nondurable r Revised. p Preliminary. Table 10 G ROSS -VALUE -W EIGHTED I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION : S TAGE - OF -P ROCESS G ROUPS Percent change, seasonally adjusted Fourth quarter to fourth quarter Item Finished Semifinished Primary Crude 2010 gross value1 2009 2010 1882.5 1522.1 1305.0 623.9 -3.0 -9.3 -3.4 -.4 7.1 6.0 5.4 5.0 Annual rate 2011 2011 Q2 Q3 6.2 3.1 1.5 4.5 1.1 2.8 -3.9 -2.7 6.3 3.4 10.1 8.6 r Revised. p Preliminary. 1. Billions of 2005 dollars. 13 r Monthly rate p 2011 Julyr Aug. 7.9 -.2 .6 7.9 .5 .8 1.6 1.5 .9 -.2 .2 .0 Q4 r Sept. r .3 -.4 .5 1.4 Oct. r 1.6 .3 -.7 .8 Nov. r -.6 -.2 .2 -.2 p Dec. .7 .2 1.0 .9 Dec. ’10 to Dec. ’11 6.1 2.2 -.4 3.8 Table 11 H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, AND U TILIZATION : Total Industry Seasonally adjusted Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual IP (percent change)1 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 .3 -.6 -.4 -.6 .5 -.4 .9 -.7 .8 .4 .3 .5 -.5 .8 .0 .0 -.1 .2 .7 .3 -.7 .2 1.0 .3 -.4 .1 .3 1.0 .0 .2 -1.0 -.1 .0 .9 .3 .9 .2 .1 -.5 .0 -.3 .2 .9 .2 .5 -.1 -.8 -.2 .7 .7 .3 -1.2 -.1 .4 .4 .6 -.7 -.3 .0 .5 1.7 2.9 -7.4 -.4 3.6 -1.4 3.0 2.5 7.2 1.0 -2.6 1.7 5.5 2.9 2.0 1.6 -6.2 .8 4.1 6.1 .9 1.0 -1.5 2.8 3.3 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 .4 .3 -.6 .1 .5 .0 .0 1.6 1.2 .1 1.0 .2 -.1 .8 .1 .5 -.1 .8 .0 .4 .5 .2 .7 .7 .7 .7 .3 .9 .5 -.6 .2 -.4 -.1 .6 -.4 .6 1.3 .6 1.3 2.2 .2 .3 .5 .9 -.3 .8 -.2 .0 .7 .8 .6 .2 .8 .9 -.1 1.1 .4 .6 .4 .3 5.2 5.1 3.0 7.8 4.4 7.4 1.2 8.5 6.5 2.9 5.1 3.7 5.4 9.6 3.0 8.2 3.0 5.4 10.1 5.7 5.3 4.7 4.4 7.2 5.8 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 .4 .1 -.7 .6 .8 .4 .4 -.6 .0 .3 .2 .4 -.3 .8 -.2 .2 .6 -.2 .4 -.8 .8 .1 -.7 .6 .0 -.1 .1 -.6 .9 .0 .7 -.3 -.5 -.3 .3 .4 -.2 -.3 .2 -.1 -.3 .5 -.4 .1 .6 1.3 -.4 -.5 -.4 .0 .5 .0 -.5 .5 .8 .8 -.3 .0 -.5 .0 3.8 4.7 -5.5 2.8 3.0 3.9 4.5 -5.2 6.7 -3.1 4.1 -.6 -5.7 2.6 2.0 7.5 -1.1 -4.7 -.4 3.4 4.3 4.0 -3.4 .2 1.3 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 .3 .5 .2 -.3 -.3 .6 .7 .1 1.1 -.2 -.6 -.1 .2 .0 -.4 .4 .0 .4 .8 -.9 .7 .2 -.2 -.1 -.6 -.9 .4 .4 .0 -.3 .7 -.2 .2 .1 -.4 .3 .1 .2 .0 -1.7 .0 -2.0 -.1 .5 -4.1 1.0 1.2 .0 -.6 .9 .2 1.0 -.1 .4 -1.3 .7 .6 1.1 .2 -2.6 2.8 6.1 4.0 4.5 -1.2 1.7 1.7 2.4 4.5 -6.6 2.1 -1.7 1.8 1.1 -12.2 5.8 3.1 1.0 .1 -15.7 2.3 3.2 2.2 2.7 -3.7 2009 2010 2011 -2.1 1.2 .2 -.5 .2 -.4 -1.7 .5 .7 -.9 .4 -.4 -1.1 1.3 .3 -.4 .1 .1 1.1 .9 1.1 .9 .2 .2 .7 .3 .2 .3 -.1 .6 .2 .3 -.3 .6 1.3 .4 -18.9 8.1 4.8 -11.5 7.1 .7 5.3 6.7 6.3 5.6 3.1 3.1 -11.2 5.3 4.1 IP (2007=100) 2009 2010 2011 87.5 87.7 92.8 87.0 87.9 92.5 85.5 88.4 93.1 84.8 88.7 92.7 83.9 89.9 93.0 83.5 90.0 93.1 84.4 90.8 94.1 85.2 91.0 94.4 85.8 91.2 94.6 86.0 91.1 95.1 86.2 91.4 94.9 86.7 92.6 95.3 86.7 88.0 92.8 84.1 89.5 92.9 85.2 91.0 94.4 86.3 91.7 95.1 85.5 90.1 93.8 124.2 122.1 120.7 124.3 121.8 120.8 124.3 121.5 120.9 124.3 121.2 121.0 124.2 121.0 121.2 124.1 120.8 121.3 123.9 120.6 121.5 123.6 120.5 121.6 123.4 120.5 121.7 123.1 120.5 121.8 122.8 120.5 121.9 122.4 120.6 122.0 124.3 121.8 120.8 124.2 121.0 121.2 123.6 120.6 121.6 122.8 120.5 121.9 123.7 121.0 121.4 Utilization (percent) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 85.2 82.5 79.9 79.3 81.3 84.7 83.0 79.3 79.8 81.4 84.8 83.3 78.8 80.3 81.3 84.7 83.0 78.8 80.7 81.4 84.0 83.0 79.5 80.8 81.0 83.9 83.1 80.2 80.7 81.1 82.9 82.9 80.1 81.2 81.3 83.4 82.9 80.1 80.6 81.1 83.0 83.0 80.7 80.6 81.4 82.7 82.2 80.5 81.0 81.9 82.8 81.1 80.3 81.2 82.0 83.1 80.4 79.9 81.0 82.3 84.9 82.9 79.3 79.8 81.3 84.2 83.0 79.5 80.7 81.2 83.1 82.9 80.3 80.8 81.3 82.9 81.2 80.2 81.1 82.1 83.8 82.5 79.8 80.6 81.5 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 82.5 85.0 82.6 83.4 84.5 82.3 84.7 83.6 84.0 84.0 83.0 84.6 83.1 84.2 83.5 83.2 84.2 83.5 83.8 83.3 83.4 84.1 83.6 84.0 83.3 83.7 84.1 84.0 83.9 82.3 83.6 83.4 83.5 83.9 81.5 83.8 84.2 83.7 84.5 82.8 83.8 84.2 83.7 84.7 82.1 84.2 83.7 83.3 84.7 82.4 84.4 83.5 83.6 84.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 83.7 84.7 81.8 82.6 84.8 83.1 83.9 84.0 83.5 84.1 83.7 83.9 83.0 83.7 83.9 83.6 84.4 82.2 84.6 83.6 83.6 84.8 82.1 83.6 84.1 83.5 84.2 82.8 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 81.8 82.0 79.1 73.8 75.7 81.8 82.0 78.4 73.7 76.0 81.6 82.1 77.9 74.2 75.9 81.5 82.3 77.5 74.4 75.4 81.7 82.1 76.8 74.8 75.4 81.3 81.9 76.1 75.4 75.5 81.6 81.5 75.6 75.2 75.7 81.6 81.0 75.1 75.3 75.7 81.1 81.2 74.7 75.4 76.2 81.8 80.6 74.2 75.1 76.2 81.9 80.4 73.6 75.5 76.8 82.2 79.8 73.5 75.1 76.8 81.7 82.1 78.5 73.9 75.9 81.5 82.1 76.8 74.9 75.4 81.4 81.2 75.1 75.3 75.9 82.0 80.3 73.8 75.2 76.6 81.7 81.4 76.0 74.8 75.9 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 77.0 79.8 80.4 80.2 81.1 77.4 80.3 80.3 80.9 81.0 77.0 80.1 80.4 80.8 80.6 77.3 80.1 80.6 81.2 80.0 77.9 80.2 80.3 81.1 79.5 77.2 80.4 80.5 81.0 79.3 77.8 80.2 80.5 81.0 79.0 78.0 80.2 80.5 81.0 77.6 77.9 78.5 80.3 81.3 74.3 78.7 79.4 80.1 80.8 74.9 78.8 80.0 79.9 81.1 73.9 79.4 80.4 80.5 81.3 71.9 77.1 80.1 80.4 80.6 80.9 77.5 80.2 80.5 81.1 79.6 77.9 79.6 80.4 81.1 77.0 79.0 79.9 80.2 81.1 73.6 77.9 79.9 80.4 81.0 77.8 2009 2010 2011 70.4 71.9 76.9 70.0 72.2 76.5 68.8 72.8 77.0 68.2 73.2 76.6 67.5 74.3 76.7 67.3 74.5 76.7 68.2 75.3 77.5 68.9 75.5 77.6 69.5 75.7 77.7 69.9 75.7 78.1 70.2 75.8 77.8 70.8 76.8 78.1 69.7 72.3 76.8 67.7 74.0 76.7 68.9 75.5 77.6 70.3 76.1 78.0 69.2 74.5 77.3 Capacity (percent of 2007 output) 2009 2010 2011 1. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages. 14 Table 12 H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, AND U TILIZATION : Manufacturing1 Seasonally adjusted Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual IP (percent change)2 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 .8 -.1 -.8 -.6 1.0 -.9 1.4 -.6 .9 .2 -.1 .5 -.7 1.0 -.2 .2 -.3 .3 .5 .5 -.8 .2 .7 .6 -.1 .2 .3 1.1 .3 -.1 -1.1 -.1 .2 .9 .3 .8 .2 .2 -.4 -.1 -.2 .0 1.1 .0 .6 -.2 -.8 -.2 .6 .8 .2 -1.1 -.2 .4 .4 .1 -.8 -.1 -.2 .5 2.0 4.3 -8.8 .6 4.5 -2.7 2.9 1.9 8.2 1.5 -3.2 1.1 7.2 4.0 1.1 .3 -6.8 1.5 2.9 6.9 .8 .8 -2.0 3.6 3.5 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 .2 .3 -.7 .1 .8 .1 -.1 1.6 1.4 .1 1.3 .3 -.2 1.2 -.1 .8 -.2 1.1 -.2 .5 .7 .1 .7 .9 .6 .3 .5 1.1 .7 -.7 .4 -.6 .3 .5 -.5 .8 1.1 .6 1.6 2.6 .3 .8 .7 .8 -.3 1.0 -.1 -.1 .6 1.0 .8 .0 .8 1.1 .2 1.2 .4 .9 .4 .5 5.1 5.5 2.2 9.2 6.0 9.4 .6 9.7 7.7 2.4 6.0 3.0 7.8 10.8 3.3 9.9 3.8 5.6 10.9 7.8 5.9 5.2 4.8 8.4 6.6 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 .2 .2 -.6 .5 .6 .7 .3 -.6 -.1 .2 -.1 .6 -.3 .8 .2 .4 .6 -.2 .2 -.9 .9 -.2 -.8 .7 .1 -.3 .2 -.7 1.1 .4 .5 .0 -.4 -.5 .1 .7 -.6 -.7 .4 -.3 -.3 .5 -.2 .1 .7 1.5 -.4 -.7 -.5 .0 .6 -.3 -.3 .5 1.0 .7 -.7 .3 -.5 -.2 4.4 5.3 -6.4 3.3 2.3 4.5 4.2 -5.4 6.1 -2.2 3.8 -.8 -6.3 3.4 1.5 9.0 -2.7 -4.5 -.5 3.9 5.0 4.2 -4.0 .3 1.3 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 .0 .8 .9 -.3 -.3 .7 .8 -.1 .5 -.5 -.3 -.5 -.1 .7 -.4 .4 .2 .6 .7 -1.2 .7 .4 -.4 -.2 -.6 -.8 .1 .3 .3 -.6 .8 -.1 -.1 .3 -1.1 .7 .2 .4 -.5 -1.4 -.1 -1.1 .1 .5 -3.4 1.1 1.5 -.3 -.5 -.6 -.1 .8 .1 .3 -2.4 .7 .0 1.6 .3 -3.1 2.6 6.7 4.0 5.4 -2.0 2.9 2.0 1.0 5.2 -8.9 3.5 -.5 1.1 .8 -13.9 5.7 5.5 1.8 -.2 -21.4 2.8 4.0 2.5 2.9 -5.0 2009 2010 2011 -2.7 1.0 .7 .1 .1 .1 -2.0 .9 .7 -.8 .7 -.6 -1.2 1.1 .2 -.3 -.1 .1 1.3 .8 .8 1.0 .1 .3 .8 .2 .5 .0 .2 .5 .8 .2 -.4 .2 1.0 .9 -22.2 7.1 7.2 -11.4 8.7 .1 6.6 5.1 5.0 5.9 3.4 3.9 -13.5 5.4 4.5 IP (2007=100) 2009 2010 2011 83.6 84.2 89.4 83.7 84.3 89.5 82.0 85.1 90.1 81.4 85.7 89.6 80.4 86.7 89.7 80.1 86.6 89.8 81.2 87.3 90.5 81.9 87.4 90.7 82.6 87.5 91.2 82.6 87.7 91.6 83.3 87.9 91.3 83.4 88.8 92.1 83.1 84.5 89.7 80.6 86.3 89.7 81.9 87.4 90.8 83.1 88.1 91.7 82.2 86.6 90.5 125.8 122.0 120.3 125.6 121.7 120.3 125.3 121.4 120.4 125.0 121.2 120.5 124.7 120.9 120.6 124.4 120.7 120.7 124.1 120.6 120.8 123.7 120.4 120.9 123.4 120.3 121.0 123.0 120.3 121.1 122.7 120.2 121.2 122.4 120.2 121.3 125.6 121.7 120.3 124.7 120.9 120.6 123.7 120.4 120.9 122.7 120.3 121.2 124.2 120.8 120.8 Utilization (percent) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 85.5 81.6 78.5 78.2 80.4 84.6 82.5 77.9 78.8 80.4 84.4 82.7 77.3 79.4 80.1 84.3 82.3 77.4 79.6 80.4 83.5 82.3 77.8 79.9 80.2 83.5 82.3 78.6 79.9 80.0 82.3 82.1 78.7 80.4 80.1 82.8 82.1 78.8 79.9 79.9 82.4 81.9 79.5 79.7 80.3 82.1 81.1 79.3 80.0 80.8 82.0 80.0 79.0 80.1 81.0 81.9 79.3 78.8 79.8 81.3 84.8 82.3 77.9 78.8 80.3 83.8 82.3 78.0 79.8 80.2 82.5 82.0 79.0 80.0 80.1 82.0 80.1 79.0 80.0 81.0 83.3 81.7 78.5 79.6 80.4 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 81.3 84.6 81.4 82.2 83.7 81.2 84.2 82.3 82.9 83.1 82.1 84.1 81.7 83.4 82.4 82.5 83.6 82.2 82.7 82.2 82.8 83.3 82.3 82.9 82.0 82.8 83.3 82.8 82.9 80.9 82.8 82.5 82.6 82.8 80.0 83.2 83.1 82.6 83.6 81.5 83.2 83.4 82.7 83.7 80.8 83.7 82.9 82.2 83.6 81.1 84.0 82.5 82.4 83.9 80.8 84.7 82.4 82.6 83.6 80.8 81.5 84.3 81.8 82.8 83.0 82.7 83.4 82.4 82.9 81.7 83.1 83.0 82.6 83.3 80.8 84.1 82.6 82.4 83.7 80.9 82.8 83.3 82.3 83.2 81.6 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 80.6 80.7 76.7 71.8 73.7 80.7 80.6 76.0 71.7 73.8 80.3 80.8 75.5 72.2 74.0 80.2 80.9 75.1 72.3 73.3 80.6 80.4 74.3 72.8 73.4 80.0 80.2 73.7 73.6 73.7 80.1 79.9 73.2 73.2 73.7 80.3 79.1 72.6 73.5 73.5 79.7 79.2 72.3 73.6 74.1 80.5 78.7 71.7 73.3 74.1 80.7 78.1 71.4 73.6 74.9 80.9 77.4 71.5 73.2 74.7 80.5 80.7 76.0 71.9 73.8 80.3 80.5 74.4 72.9 73.4 80.0 79.4 72.7 73.5 73.8 80.7 78.1 71.6 73.4 74.6 80.4 79.7 73.7 72.9 73.9 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 74.8 78.1 79.1 78.7 78.9 75.4 78.6 78.9 79.0 78.5 75.2 78.2 78.6 79.3 78.1 75.5 78.2 79.0 79.7 77.2 76.1 78.4 78.5 79.4 76.8 75.5 78.4 78.6 79.5 76.3 76.1 78.1 78.4 79.5 75.6 76.6 78.2 78.6 79.0 74.6 76.4 77.2 78.5 79.3 72.2 77.2 78.2 78.1 78.8 71.8 77.1 78.7 78.0 79.0 70.2 77.6 78.5 79.1 79.2 68.2 75.1 78.3 78.9 79.0 78.5 75.7 78.3 78.7 79.5 76.8 76.3 77.8 78.5 79.3 74.1 77.3 78.5 78.4 79.0 70.1 76.1 78.2 78.6 79.2 74.9 2009 2010 2011 66.4 69.0 74.3 66.6 69.3 74.4 65.5 70.0 74.8 65.1 70.7 74.4 64.4 71.7 74.4 64.4 71.7 74.4 65.4 72.4 74.9 66.2 72.6 75.0 67.0 72.7 75.3 67.1 73.0 75.6 67.9 73.1 75.3 68.2 73.8 75.9 66.2 69.4 74.5 64.6 71.4 74.4 66.2 72.6 75.1 67.7 73.3 75.6 66.2 71.7 74.9 Capacity (percent of 2007 output) 2009 2010 2011 1. Refer to note on cover page. 2. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages. 15 Table 13 H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, High-Technology Industries1 AND U TILIZATION : Total Industry Excluding Selected Seasonally adjusted Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual .3 -.7 -.4 -.8 .5 -.4 .9 -.8 .8 .3 .3 .5 -.6 .8 -.1 .0 -.2 .2 .6 .3 -.7 .1 1.0 .2 -.4 .0 .3 1.0 -.1 .2 -1.1 -.1 .0 .8 .3 .8 .2 .0 -.6 -.1 -.3 .2 .9 .1 .4 -.2 -.8 -.2 .6 .7 .2 -1.3 -.2 .3 .3 .6 -.8 -.5 .0 .5 2.0 2.2 -8.0 -1.9 3.1 -1.6 2.5 2.0 6.2 .3 -3.5 1.3 5.3 1.8 1.4 .8 -6.7 .3 2.9 5.1 .6 .3 -2.0 1.9 2.5 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 .4 .1 -1.0 -.1 .2 .0 -.2 1.3 .9 .0 .9 -.1 -.3 .5 -.1 .3 -.3 .8 -.3 .2 .3 .1 .5 .3 .6 .6 .2 .7 .2 -.9 .0 -.6 -.5 .3 -.8 .4 1.1 .4 1.0 2.0 .0 .1 .3 .7 -.7 .6 -.5 -.3 .6 .6 .4 .1 .8 .6 -.3 .9 .1 .5 .1 .1 4.5 2.9 -.4 5.1 1.9 5.3 -1.2 6.4 2.4 .8 3.2 1.5 2.1 6.2 -.3 5.7 .2 3.0 7.8 2.4 4.0 2.4 1.7 4.2 3.1 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 .2 -.3 -.7 .7 .7 .1 .0 -.5 -.1 .2 -.1 .1 -.3 .8 -.3 -.1 .4 -.1 .4 -.9 .6 -.2 -.7 .5 -.1 -.4 -.1 -.5 .9 -.1 .3 -.6 -.3 -.4 .2 .4 -.4 -.3 .1 -.1 -.4 .4 -.4 .0 .6 1.2 -.5 -.5 -.4 -.2 .2 -.2 -.4 .4 .7 .5 -.5 -.1 -.6 -.1 .6 .5 -5.9 3.0 1.7 .3 1.5 -4.4 6.4 -4.6 1.1 -3.0 -4.6 1.8 .9 5.4 -2.7 -4.8 -1.1 2.6 1.1 1.0 -4.0 .3 .2 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 .2 .4 .1 -.3 -.3 .6 .6 .0 1.0 -.3 -.6 -.2 .2 -.2 -.5 .5 .0 .4 .6 -.9 .7 .1 -.3 .0 -.6 -.9 .3 .3 .1 -.3 .7 -.3 .2 .1 -.3 .2 .0 .2 -.1 -1.7 -.1 -2.2 -.2 .4 -4.3 1.0 1.2 .0 -.8 1.1 .2 1.0 -.2 .2 -1.1 .7 .5 1.0 .1 -2.5 2.2 5.3 3.4 3.7 -2.4 1.8 .9 1.7 3.6 -7.4 1.6 -3.0 1.2 1.1 -12.2 5.4 2.0 .3 -1.5 -14.7 1.7 2.5 1.4 1.9 -4.4 2009 2010 2011 -2.1 1.2 .2 -.6 .1 -.4 -1.8 .5 .7 -1.0 .3 -.4 -1.1 1.4 .3 -.5 .1 .1 1.0 .9 1.1 .9 .2 .2 .6 .3 .3 .2 -.1 .6 .2 .2 -.3 .6 1.2 .4 -18.7 7.9 4.4 -12.5 6.9 .8 4.8 6.8 6.4 5.2 2.7 3.4 -11.2 5.0 4.0 IP (2007=100) 2009 2010 2011 87.0 86.8 91.6 86.6 86.9 91.2 85.0 87.4 91.9 84.1 87.7 91.5 83.2 88.9 91.8 82.8 89.0 91.9 83.7 89.8 93.0 84.4 90.0 93.2 85.0 90.2 93.4 85.1 90.1 94.0 85.3 90.3 93.8 85.8 91.4 94.2 86.2 87.1 91.6 83.4 88.5 91.7 84.3 90.0 93.2 85.4 90.6 94.0 84.8 89.0 92.6 123.7 121.0 119.3 123.7 120.6 119.4 123.7 120.3 119.5 123.6 120.0 119.6 123.5 119.8 119.7 123.3 119.6 119.8 123.1 119.4 119.8 122.8 119.3 119.9 122.4 119.3 120.0 122.1 119.2 120.0 121.7 119.2 120.1 121.3 119.3 120.1 123.7 120.6 119.4 123.5 119.8 119.7 122.8 119.3 119.9 121.7 119.3 120.1 122.9 119.8 119.8 Utilization (percent) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 85.5 82.7 80.2 79.2 81.4 85.1 83.3 79.5 79.7 81.6 85.3 83.6 78.9 80.2 81.5 85.1 83.3 79.0 80.6 81.6 84.4 83.3 79.7 80.8 81.2 84.3 83.4 80.4 80.6 81.2 83.2 83.2 80.3 81.1 81.4 83.8 83.3 80.3 80.6 81.2 83.3 83.3 80.9 80.6 81.5 83.0 82.5 80.6 81.0 81.9 83.1 81.4 80.4 81.2 82.1 83.4 80.7 79.9 81.1 82.4 85.3 83.2 79.6 79.7 81.5 84.6 83.3 79.7 80.7 81.3 83.4 83.3 80.5 80.8 81.4 83.2 81.5 80.3 81.1 82.1 84.1 82.8 80.0 80.6 81.6 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 82.6 84.9 82.4 83.8 84.6 82.5 84.6 83.4 84.3 84.2 83.1 84.4 83.0 84.4 83.9 83.2 84.0 83.5 83.9 83.7 83.4 83.9 83.8 83.9 83.9 83.8 83.9 84.2 83.8 82.8 83.7 83.3 83.6 83.8 81.9 83.9 84.1 83.8 84.3 83.3 83.7 84.0 83.9 84.6 82.5 84.1 83.5 83.4 84.8 82.7 84.4 83.4 83.9 85.0 82.1 85.0 83.4 84.1 84.7 82.0 82.7 84.6 82.9 84.1 84.2 83.5 83.9 83.8 83.9 83.5 83.8 83.8 83.7 84.2 82.5 84.5 83.4 83.8 84.8 82.3 83.6 83.9 83.6 84.3 83.1 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 81.9 81.5 78.7 75.1 76.9 81.8 81.4 78.2 75.0 77.1 81.5 81.4 77.9 75.5 76.9 81.2 81.6 77.7 75.8 76.3 81.5 81.4 77.1 76.1 76.3 81.0 81.3 76.6 76.8 76.2 81.0 80.7 76.3 76.5 76.4 81.2 80.3 76.0 76.6 76.4 80.7 80.6 75.6 76.7 76.8 81.5 80.0 75.1 76.4 76.7 81.6 79.8 74.7 76.8 77.3 81.9 79.3 74.6 76.3 77.3 81.7 81.4 78.3 75.2 77.0 81.2 81.4 77.2 76.2 76.3 81.0 80.5 76.0 76.6 76.5 81.7 79.7 74.8 76.5 77.1 81.4 80.8 76.6 76.1 76.7 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 77.4 80.2 80.5 80.1 81.0 77.9 80.7 80.4 80.8 80.8 77.4 80.6 80.5 80.6 80.4 77.8 80.5 80.7 81.0 79.7 78.4 80.6 80.3 81.0 79.2 77.7 80.8 80.4 81.1 79.0 78.2 80.6 80.4 81.2 78.7 78.4 80.5 80.4 81.1 77.3 78.3 78.7 80.1 81.5 73.9 79.1 79.5 80.0 80.9 74.7 79.3 80.2 79.7 81.1 73.8 79.9 80.6 80.4 81.3 71.9 77.5 80.5 80.5 80.5 80.8 77.9 80.6 80.5 81.0 79.3 78.3 79.9 80.3 81.3 76.6 79.4 80.1 80.0 81.1 73.5 78.3 80.3 80.3 81.0 77.5 2009 2010 2011 70.3 71.8 76.7 70.0 72.1 76.4 68.7 72.6 76.9 68.1 73.0 76.5 67.3 74.2 76.7 67.1 74.4 76.8 68.0 75.2 77.6 68.8 75.4 77.7 69.4 75.6 77.9 69.7 75.6 78.3 70.1 75.7 78.1 70.7 76.6 78.4 69.7 72.2 76.7 67.5 73.9 76.7 68.7 75.4 77.7 70.2 76.0 78.3 69.0 74.4 77.3 IP (percent change)2 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 Capacity (percent of 2007 output) 2009 2010 2011 1. Selected high-technology industries are computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors and related electronic components. 2. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages. 16 Table 14 H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, AND U TILIZATION : Manufacturing1 Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries2 Seasonally adjusted Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual .9 -.3 -.8 -.9 1.1 -1.0 1.5 -.8 .9 .1 .0 .4 -.8 .9 -.3 .1 -.3 .3 .4 .5 -.9 .1 .7 .5 -.2 .2 .2 1.1 .1 -.2 -1.4 -.2 .3 .8 .2 .8 .2 .2 -.5 -.2 -.3 -.1 1.1 -.1 .5 -.3 -.9 -.2 .5 .7 .1 -1.2 -.3 .3 .3 .0 -.8 -.3 -.2 .5 2.3 3.6 -9.7 -1.1 4.0 -3.1 2.3 1.4 7.1 .7 -4.3 .6 7.0 2.7 .4 -.7 -7.6 1.0 1.4 5.7 .4 .0 -2.6 2.6 2.5 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 .1 .1 -1.2 -.2 .5 .1 -.3 1.3 1.0 -.1 1.2 -.1 -.4 .9 -.3 .5 -.4 1.0 -.7 .2 .4 -.1 .5 .5 .4 .2 .3 .8 .4 -1.1 .2 -.8 -.1 .1 -.9 .6 .9 .3 1.3 2.4 .1 .5 .4 .6 -.8 .8 -.4 -.4 .5 .7 .5 -.1 .7 .8 -.1 .9 .0 .7 .2 .2 4.2 2.8 -1.8 6.1 3.1 7.0 -2.2 7.3 2.9 -.2 3.7 .3 4.0 6.8 -.5 7.0 .6 2.8 8.2 4.1 4.4 2.5 1.5 4.9 3.5 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 -.1 -.3 -.6 .7 .5 .4 -.2 -.5 -.1 .0 -.4 .3 -.3 .8 .1 .0 .4 -.1 .1 -1.1 .7 -.6 -.7 .7 -.1 -.7 .0 -.5 1.0 .3 .0 -.4 -.1 -.5 -.1 .6 -.8 -.7 .3 -.4 -.4 .4 -.3 .1 .7 1.4 -.5 -.7 -.5 -.2 .3 -.6 -.2 .4 .9 .3 -.9 .2 -.7 -.3 .7 .3 -6.9 3.7 .7 .3 .6 -4.3 5.7 -3.9 .2 -3.7 -4.9 2.4 .1 6.6 -4.7 -4.6 -1.4 2.9 1.4 .7 -4.8 .4 .0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 -.1 .7 .8 -.4 -.4 .8 .8 -.2 .4 -.7 -.3 -.6 -.2 .5 -.6 .5 .1 .5 .5 -1.3 .7 .3 -.6 -.2 -.7 -.9 .1 .2 .4 -.6 .8 -.3 -.1 .3 -1.0 .6 .1 .3 -.6 -1.4 -.3 -1.3 .0 .4 -3.5 1.1 1.4 -.4 -.8 -.4 -.1 .7 .0 .1 -2.2 .6 -.1 1.6 .2 -3.0 1.8 5.7 3.3 4.5 -3.6 3.1 .9 .0 4.0 -10.0 3.1 -2.1 .2 .8 -14.1 5.2 4.2 .9 -2.3 -20.4 2.0 3.1 1.5 2.0 -6.0 2009 2010 2011 -2.8 1.0 .6 .1 .0 .1 -2.2 .9 .7 -1.0 .7 -.6 -1.3 1.2 .2 -.4 -.1 .0 1.3 .9 .8 .9 .0 .2 .8 .1 .5 -.1 .2 .6 .8 .1 -.4 .2 1.0 .9 -22.2 6.8 6.7 -12.9 8.6 .2 5.9 5.1 5.1 5.4 2.9 4.3 -13.7 4.9 4.4 IP (2007=100) 2009 2010 2011 82.9 82.8 87.6 82.9 82.8 87.7 81.1 83.6 88.4 80.3 84.2 87.9 79.3 85.2 88.0 79.0 85.1 88.0 80.0 85.8 88.7 80.7 85.8 89.0 81.3 86.0 89.4 81.2 86.2 90.0 81.9 86.2 89.6 82.0 87.1 90.4 82.3 83.1 87.9 79.5 84.8 88.0 80.7 85.9 89.1 81.7 86.5 90.0 81.1 85.1 88.8 125.2 120.5 118.4 124.9 120.1 118.4 124.5 119.8 118.4 124.2 119.5 118.4 123.8 119.3 118.5 123.4 119.1 118.5 122.9 118.9 118.5 122.5 118.7 118.6 122.1 118.6 118.6 121.6 118.5 118.6 121.2 118.5 118.6 120.8 118.4 118.7 124.9 120.1 118.4 123.8 119.3 118.5 122.5 118.7 118.6 121.2 118.5 118.6 123.1 119.2 118.5 Utilization (percent) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 86.0 81.8 78.8 77.9 80.6 85.0 82.9 78.1 78.6 80.5 84.9 83.0 77.4 79.2 80.2 84.8 82.6 77.5 79.5 80.5 84.0 82.6 78.0 79.8 80.3 84.0 82.6 78.7 79.8 80.1 82.7 82.4 78.9 80.3 80.2 83.2 82.5 78.9 79.8 79.9 82.8 82.3 79.7 79.7 80.3 82.4 81.4 79.4 79.9 80.8 82.3 80.3 79.1 80.1 81.0 82.2 79.5 78.7 79.8 81.3 85.3 82.6 78.1 78.6 80.4 84.3 82.6 78.1 79.7 80.3 82.9 82.4 79.1 79.9 80.1 82.3 80.4 79.1 79.9 81.0 83.7 82.0 78.6 79.5 80.5 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 81.3 84.5 81.0 82.5 83.7 81.3 84.0 81.9 83.1 83.2 82.1 83.8 81.4 83.5 82.7 82.5 83.3 82.1 82.7 82.5 82.7 83.0 82.3 82.7 82.5 82.7 83.1 82.8 82.7 81.3 82.8 82.2 82.5 82.5 80.3 83.2 82.8 82.6 83.3 81.9 83.1 83.1 82.8 83.4 81.0 83.6 82.5 82.2 83.5 81.3 83.9 82.3 82.6 83.8 80.9 84.5 82.1 82.9 83.6 80.8 81.6 84.1 81.4 83.0 83.2 82.6 83.1 82.4 82.7 82.1 83.0 82.7 82.6 83.1 81.1 84.0 82.3 82.5 83.6 81.0 82.8 83.1 82.3 83.1 81.8 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 80.6 79.9 76.0 73.1 74.9 80.7 79.7 75.6 73.0 74.9 80.1 79.8 75.3 73.6 75.0 79.9 79.9 75.1 73.7 74.2 80.2 79.4 74.5 74.2 74.2 79.5 79.3 74.1 75.0 74.4 79.3 78.9 74.0 74.6 74.4 79.6 78.1 73.4 74.9 74.1 79.1 78.3 73.2 75.0 74.7 80.0 77.8 72.7 74.6 74.6 80.2 77.3 72.5 74.9 75.4 80.3 76.5 72.6 74.4 75.2 80.4 79.8 75.6 73.2 74.9 79.9 79.5 74.6 74.3 74.3 79.4 78.4 73.5 74.8 74.4 80.2 77.2 72.6 74.7 75.1 80.0 78.7 74.1 74.2 74.7 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 75.1 78.5 79.2 78.5 78.6 75.7 79.1 78.9 78.8 78.1 75.5 78.6 78.6 79.1 77.7 76.0 78.6 78.9 79.4 76.7 76.5 78.8 78.3 79.2 76.2 75.9 78.8 78.4 79.5 75.7 76.5 78.5 78.2 79.6 75.0 77.0 78.5 78.3 79.1 74.0 76.8 77.3 78.2 79.4 71.5 77.6 78.3 77.8 78.8 71.3 77.5 78.8 77.7 78.9 69.9 78.0 78.6 78.9 79.0 68.0 75.5 78.7 78.9 78.8 78.2 76.1 78.8 78.5 79.4 76.2 76.7 78.1 78.3 79.4 73.5 77.7 78.6 78.1 78.9 69.7 76.5 78.5 78.5 79.1 74.4 2009 2010 2011 66.2 68.8 74.0 66.4 69.0 74.1 65.1 69.8 74.6 64.7 70.4 74.2 64.0 71.4 74.3 64.0 71.5 74.3 65.1 72.2 74.9 65.9 72.3 75.0 66.6 72.5 75.4 66.8 72.7 75.8 67.6 72.8 75.5 67.9 73.5 76.2 65.9 69.2 74.2 64.3 71.1 74.3 65.9 72.3 75.1 67.4 73.0 75.9 65.9 71.4 74.9 IP (percent change)3 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 Capacity (percent of 2007 output) 2009 2010 2011 1. Refer to note on cover page. 2. Selected high-technology industries are computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors and related electronic components. 3. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages. 17 value added divided by the average annual IP index. E XPLANATORY N OTE The Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization statistical release, which is published around the middle of the month, reports measures of output, capacity, and capacity utilization in manufacturing, mining, and the electric and gas utilities industries. More detailed descriptions of industrial production and capacity utilization are available on the Board’s website at www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17. In addition, the website includes files containing data shown in the release, more detailed series that are published in a monthly supplement to the G.17, and historical data. Instructions on searching for and downloading specific series are provided as well. A Im A Im−1 s P P I p I p P m m−1 × P m m = Im−1 pm−1 Im−1 pm The IP proportions (typically shown in the first column of the relevant tables in the G.17 release) are estimates of the industries’ relative contributions to overall growth in the following year. For example, the relative importance weight of the motor vehicles and parts industry is about 4 percent. If output in this industry increased 10 percent in a month, then this gain would boost growth in total IP by 4/10 percentage point (0.04 x 10% = 0.4%). To assist users with calculations, the Federal Reserve’s web site provides supplemental monthly statistics that represent the exact proportionate contribution of a monthly change in a component index to the monthly change in the total index (www.federalreserve.gov/ releases/G17/ipdisk/IPWeightsSa.txt). I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION Coverage. The industrial production (IP) index measures the real output of the manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities industries; the reference period for the index is 2007. Manufacturing consists of those industries included in the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) definition of manufacturing plus those industries— newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing plus logging—that have traditionally been considered to be manufacturing. For the period since 1997, the total IP index has been constructed from 312 individual series based on the 2002 NAICS codes. These individual series are classified in two ways: (1) market groups, and (2) industry groups. Market groups consist of products and materials. Total products are the aggregate of final products, such as consumer goods and equipment, and nonindustrial supplies (which are inputs to nonindustrial sectors). Materials are inputs in the manufacture of products. Major industry groups include three-digit NAICS industries and aggregates of these industries—for example, durable and nondurable manufacturing, mining, and utilities. A complete description of the market and industry structures, including details regarding series classification, relative importance weights, and data sources, is available on the Board’s web site (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/About.htm). Timing. The first estimate of output for a month is published around the 15th of the following month. The estimate is preliminary (denoted by the superscript “p” in tables) and subject to revision in each of the subsequent five months as new source data become available. (Revised estimates are denoted by the superscript “r” in tables.) For the first estimate of output for a given month, about 67 percent of the source data (in value-added terms) are available; the fraction of available source data increases to 81 percent for estimates in the second month that the estimate is published, 93 percent in the third month, 96 percent in the fourth month, 99 percent in the fifth month, and 99 percent in the sixth month. Data availability by data type in early 2011 is summarized in the table below: Availability of Monthly IP Data in Publication Window (Percent of value added in 2011) Month of estimate Source data. On a monthly basis, the individual indexes of industrial production are constructed from two main types of source data: (1) output measured in physical units and (2) data on inputs to the production process, from which output is inferred. Data on physical products, such as tons of steel or barrels of oil, are obtained from private trade associations and from government agencies; data of this type are used to estimate monthly IP wherever possible and appropriate. Production indexes for a few industries are derived by dividing estimated nominal output (calculated using unit production and unit values or sales) by a corresponding Fisher price index; the most notable of these fall within the high-technology grouping and include computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors. When suitable direct measures of product are not available, estimates of output are based on production-worker hours by industry. Data on hours worked by production workers are collected in the monthly establishment survey conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The factors used to convert inputs into estimates of production are based on historical relationships between the inputs and the comprehensive annual data used to benchmark the IP indexes; these factors also may be influenced by technological or cyclical developments. The annual data used in benchmarking the individual IP indexes are constructed from a variety of source data, such as the quinquennial Censuses of Manufactures and Mineral Industries and the Annual Survey of Manufactures, prepared by the Bureau of the Census; the Minerals Yearbook, prepared by the United States Geological Survey of the Department of the Interior; and publications of the Department of Energy. Type of data 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Physical product 27 41 53 55 58 58 Production-worker hours 41 41 41 41 41 41 IP data received 67 81 93 96 99 99 IP data estimated 33 19 7 4 1 1 The physical product group includes series based on either monthly or quarterly data. As can be seen in the first row of the table, in the first month, a physical product indicator is available for about half of the series (in terms of value added) that ultimately are based on physical product data (27 percent out of a total of 58 percent). Of the 27 percent, about two-thirds (19 percent of total IP) include series that are derived from weekly physical product data and for which actual monthly data may lag up to several months. On average, quarterly product data are received for the fourth estimate of industrial production. Specifically, quarterly data are available for the third estimate of the last month of a quarter, the fourth estimate of the second month of a quarter, and the fifth estimate of the first month of a quarter. Seasonal adjustment. Individual series are seasonally adjusted using Census X-12 ARIMA. For series based on production-worker hours, the current seasonal factors were estimated with data through January 2011; for other series, the factors were estimated with data through at least December 2010. Series are pre-adjusted for the effects of holidays or business cycles when appropriate. For the data since 1972, all seasonally adjusted aggregate indexes are calculated by aggregating the seasonally adjusted indexes of the individual series. Aggregation Methodology and Weights. The aggregation method for the IP index is a version of the Fisher-ideal index formula. (For a detailed discussion of the aggregation method, see the Federal Reserve Bulletins of February 1997 and March 2001.) In the IP index, series that measure the output of an individual industry are combined using weights derived from their proportion in the total value-added output of all industries. The IP index, which extends back to 1919, is built as a chain-type index since 1972. The current formula for the growth in monthly IP (or any of the sub-aggregates) since 1972 is A shown below. An output index for month m is denoted by Im for aggregate A and Im for each of its components. The monthly price measure in the formula (pm ) is interpolated from an annual series of Reliability. The average revision to the level of the total IP index, without regard to sign, between the first and the fourth estimates was 0.27 percent during the 1987–2010 period. The average revision to the percent change in total IP, without regard to sign, from the first to the fourth estimates was 0.21 percentage point during the 1987–2010 18 utilization rates for many years. This was a survey of large companies that reported, on average, higher utilization rates than those reported by establishments covered by the Census Bureau’s annual Survey of Plant Capacity (the predecessor to the QSPC) for the fourteen years they overlapped. Adjustments have been made to keep the industry utilization rates currently reported by the Federal Reserve roughly in line with rates formerly reported by McGraw-Hill. As a consequence, the rates reported by the Federal Reserve tend to be higher than the rates reported in the QSPC. period. In most cases (about 85 percent), the direction of the change in output indicated by the first estimate for a given month is the same as that shown by the fourth estimate. Rounding. The published percent changes are calculated from unrounded indexes, and may not be the same as percent changes calculated from the rounded indexes shown in the release. C APACITY U TILIZATION Perspective. Over the 1972–2010 period, the average total industry utilization rate is 80.4 percent; for manufacturing, the average factory operating rate has been 79.0 percent. Industrial plants usually operate at capacity utilization rates that are well below 100 percent: none of the broad aggregates has ever reached 100 percent. For total industry and total manufacturing, utilization rates have exceeded 90 percent only in wartime. The highs and lows in capacity utilization shown in table 7 are specific to each series and do not all occur in the same month. Overview. The Federal Reserve Board constructs estimates of capacity and capacity utilization for industries in manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities. For a given industry, the capacity utilization rate is equal to an output index (seasonally adjusted) divided by a capacity index. The Federal Reserve Board’s capacity indexes attempt to capture the concept of sustainable maximum output—the greatest level of output a plant can maintain within the framework of a realistic work schedule, after factoring in normal downtime and assuming sufficient availability of inputs to operate the capital in place. R EFERENCES AND R ELEASE DATES Coverage. Capacity indexes are constructed for 89 detailed industries (71 in manufacturing, 16 in mining, and 2 in utilities), which mostly correspond to industries at the three- and four-digit NAICS level. Estimates of capacity and utilization are available for a variety of groups, including durable and nondurable manufacturing, total manufacturing, mining, utilities, and total industry. Manufacturing consists of those industries included in the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) definition of manufacturing plus those industries— newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing plus logging—that have traditionally been considered to be manufacturing. Also, special aggregates are available, such as high-technology industries and manufacturing excluding high-technology industries. References. The release for the annual revision that was published on March 25, 2011 is available on the Board’s website (www.federal reserve.gov/releases/g17/revisions/Current/DefaultRev.htm). A summary of the annual revision that incorporated back to 1972 production and capacity indexes reclassified according to the North American Industry Classification System is available in an article in the Federal Reserve Bulletin, vol. 89 (April 2003), pp. 151–176. A description of the aggregation methods for industrial production and capacity utilization is included in an article in the Federal Reserve Bulletin, vol. 83 (February 1997), pp. 67–92. The Federal Reserve methodology for constructing industry-level measures of capital is detailed in “Capital Stock Estimates for Manufacturing Industries: Methods and Data” by Mike Mohr and Charles Gilbert (1996), which can be obtained at: www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/CapitalStockDocLatest.pdf. Source Data. The monthly rates of capacity utilization are designed to be consistent with both the monthly data on production and the periodically available data on capacity and utilization. Because there is no direct monthly information on overall industrial capacity or utilization rates, the Federal Reserve first estimates annual capacity indexes from the source data. Capacity data reported in physical units from government sources (primarily from the U.S. Geological Survey and the Department of Energy’s Energy Information Administration) and trade sources are available for portions of several industries in manufacturing (e.g., paper, industrial chemicals, petroleum refining, motor vehicles), as well as for electric utilities and mining; these industries represent about 25 percent of total industrial capacity. When physical product data are unavailable for manufacturing industries, capacity indexes are based on responses to the Bureau of the Census’s Quarterly Survey of Plant Capacity (QSPC); these industries account for a bit less than 70 percent of total industry capacity. In the absence of utilization data for a few mining and petroleum series, capacity is based on trends through peaks in production (roughly 5 percent of total industry capacity). A detailed description of the methodology used to construct the capacity indexes is available on the Board’s web site (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/CapNotes.htm). Industrial Production—1986 Edition contains a more detailed description of the other methods used to compile the industrial production index, plus a history of its development, a glossary of terms, and a bibliography. The major revisions to the IP indexes and capacity utilization since 1990 have been described in the Federal Reserve Bulletin (April 1990, June 1990, June 1993, March 1994, January 1995, January 1996, February 1997, February 1998, January 1999, March 2000, March 2001, March 2002, April 2003, Winter 2004, Winter 2005, March 2006, May 2007, August 2008, August 2009) or in an on-line staff study (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/articles/rev2010/industrial10.pdf). Release Schedule At 9:15 a.m. on 2011: January 14, February 16, March 17, April 15, May 17, June 15, July 15, August 16, September 15, October 17, November 16, and December 15. Aggregation Methodology. Monthly capacity aggregates are calculated in three steps: (1) utilization aggregates are calculated on an annual basis through the most recent full year as capacity-weighted aggregates of individual utilization rates; (2) the annual aggregate capacity is derived from the corresponding production and utilization aggregates; (3) the monthly capacity aggregate is obtained by interpolating the annual capacity aggregate with a Fisher index of its constituent monthly capacity series. Utilization rates for the individual series and aggregates are calculated by dividing the pertinent monthly production index by the related capacity index. 2012: January 18, February 15, March 16, April 17, May 16, June 15, July 17, August 15, September 14, October 16, November 16, and December 14. Consistency. A major aim is that the Federal Reserve utilization rates be consistent over time so that, for example, a rate of 85 percent means about the same degree of tightness that it meant in the past. A major task for the Federal Reserve in developing reasonable and consistent time series of capacity and utilization is dealing with inconsistencies between the movements of the industrial production index and the survey-based utilization rates. The McGraw-Hill/DRI Survey, now discontinued, was the primary source of manufacturing 19
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