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FEDERAL RESERVE statistical release
G.17 (419)

For release at 9:15 a.m. (EDT)
April 15, 2011

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION

Industrial production increased 0.8 percent in March and rose at an annual rate of 6.0 percent for the first
quarter as a whole. Manufacturing output advanced 0.7 percent in March, its fourth consecutive month of strong
expansion; factory production climbed at an annual rate of 9.1 percent in the first quarter. Outside of
(over)

Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: Summary
Seasonally adjusted
2007=100
2011
Dec.r
Jan.r

Industrial production

2010
Oct.r

Nov.r

Total index
Previous estimates

91.1
91.2

91.4
91.5

92.6
92.8

Major market groups
Final Products
Consumer goods
Business equipment
Nonindustrial supplies
Construction
Materials

92.8
92.3
91.0
82.2
74.3
92.7

92.7
92.0
91.2
83.0
74.9
93.2

87.7
87.8
104.7
98.8

87.9
88.0
104.6
100.6

Major industry groups
Manufacturing (see note below)
Previous estimates
Mining
Utilities

Nov.r

Percent change
2011
Dec.r Jan.r Feb.r Mar.p

Mar. ’10 to
Mar. ’11

Feb.r

Mar.p

92.8
93.0

92.8
93.0

93.6

-.1
-.1

.3
.4

1.3
1.4

.1
.2

.1
.0

.8

5.9

93.9
93.4
92.4
83.3
74.4
94.7

94.4
93.4
94.1
83.4
75.1
94.6

94.7
93.4
95.0
83.1
74.6
94.5

95.5
94.2
95.5
83.9
75.7
95.2

.1
-.1
1.0
-.5
.6
-.2

-.1
-.3
.2
1.0
.9
.5

1.3
1.5
1.2
.3
-.7
1.7

.5
.0
1.9
.1
.9
-.2

.3
.0
1.0
-.4
-.7
-.1

.8
.9
.4
.9
1.5
.8

6.3
4.0
13.4
4.0
7.7
6.1

88.9
89.0
104.8
105.1

89.6
89.7
103.5
102.8

90.1
90.2
103.8
99.1

90.7

.2
.3
.9
-3.6

.2
.3
-.2
1.8

1.1
1.1
.2
4.5

.8
.8
-1.2
-2.3

.6
.6
.3
-3.6

.7

6.6

.6
1.7

5.4
1.5

Percent of capacity
200809
2010 2010
low
Mar. Oct.r

104.4
100.8

Average
19722010

198889
high

199091
low

199495
high

Total industry
Previous estimates

80.4

85.2

78.8

85.1

67.3

72.8

Manufacturing (see note below)
Previous estimates
Mining
Utilities

79.0

85.5

77.3

84.7

64.4

70.0

87.4
86.6

86.3
92.9

83.8
84.3

88.5
93.3

79.0
79.2

Stage-of-process groups
Crude
Primary and semifinished
Finished

86.4
81.3
77.3

87.7
86.5
83.3

84.3
77.9
77.4

89.6
87.9
80.7

77.6
64.9
66.8

Capacity utilization

2010
Oct.r

Capacity
growth
Nov.r

Dec.r

2011
Jan.r

Feb.r

Mar.p

Mar. ’10 to
Mar. ’11

75.7
75.7

75.8
75.9

76.8
77.0

76.9
77.1

76.9
77.0

77.4

-.5

73.1
73.2
89.0
80.4

73.9
74.0
89.0
83.7

74.5
74.5
87.7
81.6

74.9
75.0
87.8
78.5

75.3

-.9

84.1
81.4

73.0
73.0
89.3
79.2

88.1
79.7

.6
3.7

84.0
70.0
71.9

87.1
72.2
74.9

86.9
73.0
74.6

87.5
74.5
75.1

86.8
74.3
75.8

86.7
73.8
76.3

87.2
74.4
76.8

.6
-1.1
.4

r Revised. p Preliminary.
Note. The statistics in this release cover output, capacity, and capacity utilization in the U.S. industrial sector, which is defined by the Federal Reserve to comprise
manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities. Mining is defined as all industries in sector 21 of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS);
electric and gas utilities are those in NAICS sectors 2211 and 2212. Manufacturing comprises NAICS manufacturing industries (sector 31-33) plus the logging industry
and the newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing industries. Logging and publishing are classified elsewhere in NAICS (under agriculture and information
respectively), but historically they were considered to be manufacturing and were included in the industrial sector under the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
system. In December 2002 the Federal Reserve reclassified all its industrial output data from the SIC system to NAICS.

1

manufacturing, the output of mines rose 0.6 percent in March, while the output of utilities increased 1.7 percent
after declining significantly in the preceding two months. At 93.6 percent of its 2007 average, total industrial
production was 5.9 percent above its year-earlier level. The rate of capacity utilization for total industry rose
0.5 percentage point to 77.4 percent, a rate 3.0 percentage points below its average from 1972 to 2010.
Market Groups
The production of consumer goods increased 0.9 percent in March and rose at an annual rate of
4.9 percent in the first quarter. In March, the output of consumer durable goods moved up 2.1 percent, with gains
in nearly all of its major categories. The production of automotive products advanced 3.6 percent and was
15.4 percent above its year-earlier level. The index for home electronics increased 0.7 percent, and the index for
appliances, furniture, and carpeting climbed 2.0 percent; however, the production of miscellaneous consumer
durables decreased 0.4 percent. The output of non-energy nondurable goods rose 0.3 percent, as gains in
chemical products and in paper products more than offset declines in clothing and in foods and tobacco. The
output of consumer energy products advanced 1.3 percent, as residential sales by utilities increased but the
production of fuels decreased.
The index for business equipment rose 0.4 percent in March after three months of gains of 1.0 percent or
more. For the first quarter as a whole, the output of business equipment advanced at an annual rate of
15.3 percent with sizable increases in each of its three main components. For March, the output of transit
equipment rose 1.8 percent, its third consecutive monthly increase, and the index for information processing
equipment moved up 0.5 percent. The production of industrial and other equipment edged down for a second
consecutive month; nonetheless, this index jumped at an annual rate of nearly 16 percent for the first quarter as a
whole.
The production index for defense and space equipment gained 1.1 percent in March after having
increased 2.2 percent the previous month. This index rose 5.9 percent during the 12 months ending in March.
Among nonindustrial supplies, the output of construction supplies rose 1.5 percent in March. This index
has risen more than 12 percent from its trough during December 2009 but remains about 25 percent below its
peak in December 2006. The production of business supplies increased 0.7 percent in March. Within business
supplies, the index for commercial energy advanced 1.7 percent, and the index for non-energy business supplies
moved up 0.3 percent—its fifth consecutive monthly increase.
The output of materials to be processed further in the industrial sector rose 0.8 percent in March after
having edged down 0.1 percent in February. For the first quarter as a whole, the production of these materials
increased at an annual rate of 5.4 percent, about the same pace as in the fourth quarter of 2010. The output of
durable materials moved up 0.8 percent in March. The indexes for all of the major components of durable
materials advanced; the largest gain was for equipment parts, which increased 1.2 percent. The output of
nondurable materials rose 1.0 percent after having declined a similar amount in February. Among nondurable
materials, increases in the production of both chemical materials and paper materials in March were partly offset
by a decrease in the output of textile materials. The index for energy materials moved up 0.5 percent.
Industry Groups
In March, manufacturing output rose 0.7 percent and was 6.6 percent above its year-earlier level.
Capacity utilization for manufacturing moved up 0.4 percentage point to 75.3 percent, a rate 3.7 percentage
points below its average from 1972 to 2010 but almost 11 percentage points above its trough in June 2009.

2

The production index for durable goods advanced 1.0 percent in March, and gains were widespread
across its major categories. The output of motor vehicles and parts rose 3.0 percent following an increase of
4.6 percent in February; since December 2010, total motor vehicle assemblies have risen about 1.3 million units
to an annual rate of 8.9 million units. In March, sizable gains in output also were recorded in the following
industries: wood products, fabricated metal products, nonmetallic mineral products, and aerospace and
miscellaneous transportation equipment. Among other industries, smaller increases were recorded for primary
metals; machinery; computer and electronic products; electrical equipment, appliances, and components; and
furniture and related products.
The production of nondurables rose 0.5 percent in March and at an annual rate of 3.3 percent in the first
quarter. In March, a small decline for food, beverage, and tobacco products and larger declines for apparel and
leather, for textiles, and for printing were more than offset by large gains for chemicals and for paper. Production
in the non-NAICS manufacturing industries (logging and publishing) was down 0.1 percent, its fourth
consecutive decline.
In March, mining output rose 0.6 percent, and capacity utilization moved up 0.3 percentage point to
88.1 percent, a rate 0.7 percentage point above its average for the period from 1972 to 2010. Gains in natural gas
extraction, support activity for mining, and metal ore mining more than offset a decrease in coal mining. The
output of utilities increased 1.7 percent, and the capacity utilization rate rose to 79.7 percent, a rate
6.9 percentage points below its average from 1972 to 2010.
Capacity utilization rates in March for industries grouped by stage of process were as follows: At the
crude stage, utilization increased 0.5 percentage point to 87.2 percent, a rate 0.8 percentage point above its
long-run (1972 to 2010) average; at the primary and semifinished stages, utilization rose 0.6 percentage point to
74.4 percent, a rate 6.9 percentage points below its long-run average; and at the finished stage, utilization rose
0.5 percentage point to 76.8 percent, a rate 0.5 percentage point below its long-run average.

Tables
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

Industrial Production: Market and Industry Group Summary; percent change
Industrial Production: Special Aggregates and Selected Detail; percent change
Motor Vehicle Assemblies
Industrial Production: Market and Industry Group Summary; indexes
Industrial Production: Special Aggregates and Selected Detail; indexes
Diffusion Indexes of Industrial Production
Capacity Utilization
Industrial Capacity
Gross Value of Products and Nonindustrial Supplies
Gross-Value-Weighted Industrial Production: Stage-of-Process Groups
Historical Statistics: Total Industry
Historical Statistics: Manufacturing
Historical Statistics: Total Industry Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries
Historical Statistics: Manufacturing Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries

Further detail is available on the Board’s website (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/).

3

Revision of Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization
The Federal Reserve Board released its annual revision to the index of industrial production and the related measures of capacity and utilization on March 25, 2011. This revision incorporated detailed data from the 2009 Annual Survey of Manufactures, which was conducted by the
U.S. Census Bureau. In addition, data from selected editions of the Census Bureau’s 2009 Current Industrial Reports and annual data from the U.S. Geological Survey regarding metallic and
nonmetallic minerals (except fuels) for 2009 were incorporated. Monthly indicators (either product data or input data) were revised, and the estimation methods for some series were changed.
The new monthly production estimates reflected the incorporation of updated seasonal factors and
monthly and quarterly source data that became available (or were revised) after the closing of the
reporting window. Data on capacity utilization from the Census Bureau’s Quarterly Survey of
Plant Capacity for 2010 were incorporated in the revision.
The published revision release is available on the Board’s website at
www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17. The revised data are also available through the website of the Department of Commerce. Further information on the revision can be obtained from
the Board’s Industrial Output Section (telephone number 202-452-3197).

4

1. Industrial production, capacity, and utilization
175

Ratio scale, 2007 output = 100
Total
Manufacturing

175

150

150

125

125
Capacity

100

100

75

75

Production

50

50
Detail: 2007 to present
106
Production
102
98
94
90
86
82
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

25

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

78

2005

2010

Percent of capacity

100

90

25

100

90

Utilization

80

80

70

70

60

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

60

Note: The shaded areas are periods of business recession as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).

5

2. Industrial production and capacity utilization
Consumer goods

Equipment

Ratio scale, 2007=100

110
105

110
105

100

100

Nondurable

Ratio scale, 2007=100

110

110

100

100
Business

90

95

95

90

90

90

80

80

70

70

85

85
80

Durable

80

75

75

70

70

65

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Nonindustrial supplies
Construction

90
80

65

50

110

110
105

100

100

Ratio scale, 2007=100

110
100

60

80

60

70

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Capacity utilization

50

Ratio scale, 2007=100
110
105

Energy

100
95

90

90

85

85
Non-energy

80

75

75

70

70

65

60

60

95

80
70

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Industrial materials

90
Other business

Defense and Space

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Capacity utilization

Percent of capacity

65

Percent of capacity

90

95

85

90

80

80

85

75

75

80

70

75

75

65

70

70

60

65

90
85

70

Primary and
semifinished
processing

Excluding utilities

65
60

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

95
Crude processing

90
85

Finished processing

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

80

65

Note: The shaded areas are periods of business recession as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).

6

3. Industrial production and capacity utilization, high-technology industries
Industrial production

Ratio scale, 2007 = 100

130

130

110

110

Excluding
high-technology
industries

90

90

70

70

Total IP

50

30

1970

1975

1980

50

1985

1990

1995

2000

Industrial production

2005

2010

30

Percent change from year earlier

15

15
Total IP

10

10

5

5

0

0
Excluding the
contribution
of high-technology
industries

-5
-10
-15

1970

1975

Industrial production

1980

1985

Ratio scale, 2007 = 100

200
150
100
50

1990

-10

2000

2005

Capacity utilization
200
150

Communications eq.

1995

-5

2010

Percent of capacity

100
95

100

-15

100
Excluding
high-technology
industries

95

85

85

75

75

50

Computers

65

Semiconductors

65
High-technology industries

10
5

2000

2005

2010

10

55

5

45

55

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

45

Notes: High-technology industries are defined as semiconductors and related electronic components (NAICS 334412-9),
computers (NAICS 3341),and communications equipment (NAICS 3342).
The shaded areas are periods of business recession as defined by the NBER.

7

Table 1
I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION : M ARKET AND I NDUSTRY G ROUP S UMMARY
Percent change, seasonally adjusted

Fourth quarter to
fourth quarter
Item

2010
proportion1

.1

.1

.8

5.9

1.1
1.5
.3
.5
.6
-2.4
1.2
1.8
.6
.6
1.1
.9
.3
5.4

.4
.0
2.2
3.6
1.4
-.9
1.1
-.6
.4
.4
-.3
.5
-.2
-3.3

.2
.0
3.0
3.9
.9
3.6
1.5
-.8
-.3
-.4
.6
.1
-2.0
-2.3

.8
.9
2.1
3.6
.7
2.0
-.4
.5
.3
-.3
-2.5
1.4
.3
1.3

5.7
4.0
11.2
15.4
3.1
3.0
8.8
2.0
2.2
2.7
1.4
2.5
-2.1
1.6

.2
-2.0
.8
.8
-.4

1.2
-.5
1.0
2.1
.0

1.9
1.7
1.5
2.2
.8

1.0
3.8
1.0
-.1
2.2

.4
1.8
.5
-.2
1.1

13.4
15.1
12.5
13.2
5.9

.6
-.9

.9
1.0

-.7
.8

.9
-.2

-.7
-.2

1.5
.7

7.7
2.5

5.4
11.3
16.2
7.7
26.3
11.2
5.1
4.5
4.7
9.5
-3.4

-.2
.1
.8
1.1
.4
1.0
-.8
-.2
-.5
-1.9
-.8

.5
.5
.7
-.1
1.6
.3
.1
1.2
.2
.3
.6

1.7
1.8
1.3
-.4
2.6
.8
2.5
3.8
1.1
3.9
1.4

-.2
1.0
1.8
.9
2.6
1.5
-.2
-3.4
.8
-.3
-2.0

-.1
.1
.8
1.8
1.0
.3
-.9
4.5
-1.4
-.9
-.3

.8
.9
.8
.4
1.2
.7
1.0
-3.7
1.5
1.7
.5

6.1
7.8
10.9
6.5
14.6
9.4
3.7
7.9
.8
5.9
3.5

3.5
4.0
5.9
8.5
1.5
16.1
7.8
15.9
10.9

9.1
9.7
16.4
15.0
-7.1
22.9
8.7
27.2
25.7

.2
.3
.6
1.7
1.0
-.4
-.1
1.5
.4

.2
.2
.5
.8
.2
3.0
1.3
1.4
1.3

1.1
1.2
1.0
1.3
-3.2
3.9
.8
3.1
2.4

.8
.8
1.8
1.1
-.9
1.5
.7
3.8
2.5

.6
.6
1.3
1.1
.5
.1
.1
-.4
1.7

.7
.7
1.0
1.6
2.3
.1
1.1
.3
.5

6.6
7.1
11.3
8.1
6.2
6.7
13.6
18.4
13.6

3.8
26.6

9.3
-11.2

2.6
29.8

2.1
.9

.9
-3.5

-1.0
.2

.4
3.7

.5
4.6

.8
3.0

6.9
16.3

1.0
6.5
4.1

5.6
1.6
2.0

-.1
4.5
6.4

5.7
5.2
12.1

.1
.2
.7

-.2
1.2
.8

-.4
-.3
.4

.1
-.1
1.3

1.6
1.5
2.2

1.7
.5
-1.2

4.0
5.2
7.0

-2.3
-.5
-10.5
-18.9
-.3
-13.5
-.9
-.5
-7.3

3.6
4.4
6.7
6.8
2.2
-3.0
4.3
2.0
9.8

2.8
6.1
6.7
3.5
-3.1
-1.9
4.9
1.0
2.8

2.0
2.6
2.8
13.3
1.5
-7.5
-.1
2.7
4.1

3.3
-1.1
.6
5.0
4.7
-2.8
-3.3
9.6
7.1

-.1
.8
.0
2.2
-.4
-.6
.0
-1.2
.9

-.2
-1.5
.2
.7
.4
-.7
.2
.8
.3

1.3
.6
2.1
2.4
1.3
-.6
1.2
2.3
.7

-.1
.3
-2.5
.0
.7
-.6
-3.0
.2
.9

-.1
-.6
3.2
.3
-1.9
1.2
1.9
-.3
.2

.5
-.2
-2.6
-2.2
1.9
-.7
.2
1.5
.2

3.0
2.3
3.6
3.8
1.3
-1.2
2.0
3.8
7.1

-12.2

-10.0

-4.7

-4.6

-6.2

-4.5

-.3

.4

-.2

-.3

-1.3

-.1

-4.3

-.4
-.4
-1.5
5.1

-5.4
-1.3
-1.7
.9

10.0
3.1
2.5
6.8

9.9
13.5
10.4
34.2

8.5
-4.8
-8.6
20.5

-3.1
-2.6
.2
-17.1

.9
-3.6
-3.8
-2.7

-.2
1.8
1.3
5.1

.2
4.5
3.9
7.8

-1.2
-2.3
-1.1
-8.5

.3
-3.6
-3.6
-3.6

.6
1.7
1.9
.5

5.4
1.5
1.1
3.9

-9.1

-5.5

6.3

6.7

3.2

6.0

-.1

.3

1.3

55.24
29.07
6.17
3.26
.23
.82
1.85
22.91
16.98
9.43
.21
5.27
1.56
5.92

-9.1
-7.5
-18.5
-22.2
-6.5
-22.2
-12.7
-3.9
-5.7
-4.1
-12.3
-7.3
-9.8
1.9

-5.5
-2.1
-1.7
9.1
2.5
-15.0
-12.1
-2.2
-2.8
-1.2
-23.8
-3.5
-5.7
.1

5.3
3.3
5.6
6.1
-6.1
3.1
7.6
2.7
2.3
4.8
7.7
-.4
-3.2
3.9

6.6
7.1
10.6
20.9
3.5
-6.4
2.6
6.2
1.6
5.4
1.7
-2.8
-4.2
21.5

1.8
-.2
-3.1
-7.1
-11.2
1.0
3.7
.6
2.9
2.3
7.5
4.0
1.8
-6.0

6.5
4.9
21.2
30.7
10.1
5.5
13.6
.8
2.0
-.4
.5
7.8
-3.0
-2.5

.0
-.1
.8
1.6
-1.8
.4
-.1
-.4
.6
.9
1.6
.1
-.1
-3.3

.1
-.3
-.9
-2.9
-.7
2.6
1.4
-.1
-.5
-1.6
.3
.9
1.5
1.1

9.06
1.88
2.51
4.67
2.36

-12.9
-35.4
-3.7
-8.4
1.9

-7.9
11.9
1.3
-18.0
1.2

12.2
10.3
11.5
13.3
5.7

12.4
32.2
13.3
4.9
6.5

9.5
-3.8
11.7
14.1
.1

15.3
16.1
13.9
15.8
10.2

1.0
.0
1.0
1.4
.4

4.08
10.06

-17.0
-8.7

-17.3
-5.8

10.1
1.4

2.0
2.1

5.0
-.8

3.0
2.9

44.76
27.26
15.40
2.02
5.71
7.67
11.86
.47
2.30
5.44
17.49

-9.1
-14.1
-13.7
-26.0
-7.3
-14.3
-14.8
-16.9
-11.0
-21.1
-.8

-5.5
-7.7
-12.9
-14.7
-10.7
-14.0
.0
-4.6
-4.5
2.9
-1.9

7.5
8.1
11.6
9.0
12.1
12.1
3.5
9.5
.5
4.8
6.5

6.9
5.4
6.4
7.0
7.5
5.4
3.9
14.0
-3.3
6.6
9.2

5.1
5.6
7.6
-3.7
12.4
7.3
3.0
7.0
-1.1
3.4
4.2

321
327
331
332
333
334

74.67
71.48
35.68
.93
1.57
2.19
5.14
4.63
6.51

-11.8
-11.8
-13.3
-22.5
-19.4
-19.9
-11.8
-9.0
-5.7

-6.1
-5.9
-9.1
-11.7
-18.3
-8.3
-19.3
-20.4
1.4

6.1
6.6
9.7
6.3
7.0
12.4
14.0
16.3
11.2

5.1
5.6
8.3
-12.8
5.1
-9.0
18.3
6.7
7.5

335
3361–3

1.74
4.50

-10.5
-28.7

-17.5
2.3

9.6
10.2

3364–9
337
339

4.20
1.04
3.22

-13.7
-20.7
-1.1

.8
-21.3
-5.3

311,2
313,4
315,6
322
323
324
325
326

35.80
11.70
.74
.29
2.75
1.57
3.81
11.88
3.06

-10.1
-3.4
-16.7
-18.6
-12.9
-10.3
-4.0
-14.6
-15.5

1133,5111

3.19

21
2211,2
2211
2212

13.94
11.39
9.73
1.66

Materials
Non-energy
Durable
Consumer parts
Equipment parts
Other
Nondurable
Textile
Paper
Chemical
Energy

Mining
Utilities
Electric
Natural gas

Mar.p

100.00

Construction supplies
Business supplies

31–33

Mar. ’10
to
Mar. ’11

Feb.r

2010

Business equipment
Transit
Information processing
Industrial and other
Defense and space equipment

Other manufacturing (non-NAICS)

Nov.r

Monthly rate
2011
Dec.r Jan.r

2009

M ARKET G ROUPS
Final products and nonindustrial supplies
Consumer goods
Durable
Automotive products
Home electronics
Appliances, furniture, carpeting
Miscellaneous goods
Nondurable
Non-energy
Foods and tobacco
Clothing
Chemical products
Paper products
Energy

Nondurable manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco products
Textile and product mills
Apparel and leather
Paper
Printing and support
Petroleum and coal products
Chemicals
Plastics and rubber products

2010
Oct.r

2008

Total IP

I NDUSTRY G ROUPS
Manufacturing
Manufacturing (NAICS)
Durable manufacturing
Wood products
Nonmetallic mineral products
Primary metals
Fabricated metal products
Machinery
Computer and electronic products
Electrical equip., appliances,
and components
Motor vehicles and parts
Aerospace and miscellaneous
transportation equipment
Furniture and related products
Miscellaneous

Annual rate
2010
2011
Q3
Q4r
Q1p

r Revised. p Preliminary.
NOTE. Under the industry groups, the figures to the right of the series descriptions are 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes. The abbreviation pt denotes part of
a NAICS code. Additional industry detail is available on the Board’s web site (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17). Under market groups, in the products category, miscellaneous consumer
nondurables, oil and gas drilling, and manufactured homes are not shown separately; in the nondurable materials category, containers and miscellaneous nondurable materials are not shown
separately.
1. The proportion data are the relative weights for the rates of change for each series in the computation of the change in total industrial production in the following year.

8

Table 2
I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION : S PECIAL AGGREGATES AND S ELECTED D ETAIL
Percent change, seasonally adjusted

Fourth quarter to
fourth quarter
Item

2010
proportion

2008

2009

100.00

-9.1

27.15
5.92
3.17
.56
4.37
13.12

Annual rate

Monthly rate
2011
Dec.r Jan.r

Mar. ’10
to
Mar. ’11

2010

2010
Q3

r

Q4

2011
Q1p

2010
Oct.r

Nov.

-5.5

6.3

6.7

3.2

6.0

-.1

.3

1.3

.1

.1

.8

5.9

-.1
1.9
-.6
6.8
-5.7
.7

-2.4
.1
-.2
-42.4
-1.3
-2.1

6.0
3.9
1.7
44.7
3.4
7.6

11.2
21.5
5.9
6.5
5.4
10.6

1.6
-6.0
-1.5
16.6
-7.3
8.2

-2.7
-2.5
-3.0
20.7
.9
-4.7

-1.4
-3.3
-2.4
1.0
-3.7
.2

.8
1.1
1.9
.2
2.8
-.1

2.3
5.4
1.7
2.0
4.3
.5

-2.2
-3.3
-2.0
3.0
-2.5
-1.8

-.9
-2.3
-1.7
.5
-1.6
.2

.8
1.3
1.7
.3
.4
.6

3.1
1.6
1.4
14.9
1.2
4.3

72.85

-12.1

-6.5

6.3

5.1

3.9

9.4

.4

.1

1.0

1.0

.4

.8

6.9

3341
3342

3.56
.77
.73

-5.5
-1.5
-3.1

6.1
15.7
.1

11.1
12.8
-1.3

5.0
26.8
-4.9

15.0
26.3
-1.5

38.7
30.4
2.2

.1
1.1
-.4

2.0
1.8
-.3

3.9
2.6
-.2

3.3
2.3
.5

2.2
2.2
.3

.9
1.9
.2

16.8
26.6
-2.1

334412–9

2.07

-7.8

4.3

15.3

1.3

17.0

56.1

-.1

2.8

5.7

4.5

2.9

.8

20.2

69.29

-12.6

-7.2

6.1

5.1

3.3

8.0

.4

.0

.8

.9

.3

.8

6.4

4.50
2.36
1.84

-28.7
-32.0
-23.0

2.3
10.9
-7.3

10.2
15.3
2.7

26.6
54.4
.6

-11.2
-15.1
-7.9

29.8
43.2
2.6

.9
1.3
.1

-3.5
-5.7
-1.4

.2
.0
-.9

3.7
4.7
.7

4.6
7.1
1.5

3.0
5.0
.2

16.3
26.4
.8

64.79
20.21
7.29
4.06
6.64
24.22

-11.4
-7.7
-13.0
-17.1
-11.7
-13.4

-7.8
-4.8
-9.7
-17.4
-8.4
-8.5

5.8
2.9
10.4
10.2
.9
7.7

3.7
1.1
7.6
2.0
.3
6.0

4.4
2.7
11.9
5.1
-1.2
5.7

6.6
3.0
13.0
3.0
4.0
8.5

.4
.5
1.3
.6
-.3
.1

.3
-.2
.6
.9
.5
.4

.9
.4
1.5
-.7
.1
1.7

.7
.4
1.6
.9
.5
.7

.0
.0
.4
-.7
.3
-.3

.6
.3
.2
1.5
.3
.9

5.7
2.7
11.6
7.8
2.3
7.1

Measures excluding selected
high-technology industries
Total industry
Manufacturing1
Durable

96.44
71.11
32.25

-9.3
-12.3
-14.3

-5.9
-6.8
-10.8

6.1
5.8
9.5

6.8
5.1
8.6

2.8
2.9
4.8

4.9
7.7
14.0

-.1
.2
.7

.2
.1
.3

1.2
1.0
.7

.0
.6
1.6

.0
.5
1.2

.8
.7
.9

5.5
6.1
10.6

Measures excluding motor vehicles
and parts
Total industry
Manufacturing1
Durable

95.50
70.17
31.32

-8.1
-10.7
-11.1

-5.8
-6.6
-10.6

6.1
5.8
9.6

5.9
3.9
5.7

4.0
4.6
8.5

4.9
7.9
14.5

-.2
.2
.6

.5
.4
1.1

1.4
1.2
1.1

.0
.6
1.5

-.1
.3
.9

.7
.6
.6

5.4
6.0
10.5

Measures excluding selected
high-technology industries
and motor vehicles and parts
Total industry
Manufacturing1

91.94
66.61

-8.2
-11.1

-6.3
-7.3

5.9
5.6

5.9
3.8

3.6
4.0

3.7
6.4

-.2
.2

.4
.3

1.3
1.0

-.1
.5

-.2
.2

.7
.5

5.0
5.4

Stage-of-process components
of non-energy materials,
measures of the input to
Finished processors
Primary and semifinished processors

10.49
16.77

-12.8
-15.0

-10.0
-6.1

8.8
7.6

5.3
5.4

6.0
5.4

16.8
8.0

.3
.0

1.0
.1

1.8
1.9

1.6
.6

.8
-.4

.9
.9

9.7
6.6

Total industry
Energy
Consumer products
Commercial products
Oil and gas well drilling
Converted fuel
Primary energy

213111

Non-energy
Selected high-technology industries
Computers and peripheral equipment
Communications equipment
Semiconductors and related
electronic components
Excluding selected high-technology
industries
Motor vehicles and parts
Motor vehicles
Motor vehicle parts

3361–3
3361
3363

Excluding motor vehicles and parts
Consumer goods
Business equipment
Construction supplies
Business supplies
Materials

r

Feb.

r

Mar.

p

r Revised. p Preliminary.
1. Refer to note on cover page.

Table 3
M OTOR V EHICLE A SSEMBLIES
Millions of units, seasonally adjusted annual rate

2010
average

2010
Q2

Q3

Q4

2011
Q1

2010
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

2011
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Total
Autos
Trucks
Light
Medium and heavy

7.74
2.73
5.01
4.87
.15

7.57
2.87
4.70
4.57
.13

8.15
2.66
5.49
5.33
.16

7.78
2.53
5.24
5.08
.16

8.47
2.72
5.74
5.56
.18

8.03
2.56
5.47
5.31
.16

7.69
2.62
5.07
4.91
.16

7.61
2.42
5.20
5.04
.16

7.91
2.42
5.49
5.33
.17

8.55
2.78
5.77
5.58
.19

8.94
2.97
5.97
5.77
.20

Memo
Autos and light trucks

7.60

7.44

8.00

7.62

8.28

7.86

7.53

7.46

7.74

8.37

8.74

Item

NOTE. Seasonal factors and underlying data for auto, light truck, and medium and heavy truck production are available on the Board’s web site, www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/mvsf.htm

9

Table 4
I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION I NDEXES : M ARKET AND I NDUSTRY G ROUP S UMMARY
2007 = 100, seasonally adjusted

2010
proportion

2010
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.r

Nov.r

Dec.r

2011
Jan.r

Feb.r

Mar.p

100.00

90.8

91.0

91.2

91.1

91.4

92.6

92.8

92.8

93.6

55.24
29.07
6.17
3.26
.23
.82
1.85
22.91
16.98
9.43
.21
5.27
1.56
5.92

89.9
92.8
86.5
93.8
102.9
67.9
80.9
95.0
91.4
96.6
64.7
87.7
79.3
107.3

89.9
92.6
83.4
88.3
101.9
67.1
80.4
95.6
92.2
97.9
66.3
88.0
79.4
107.2

89.9
92.4
83.6
88.9
101.1
66.5
80.3
95.3
92.2
98.1
65.2
87.9
78.7
106.0

89.9
92.3
84.2
90.3
99.3
66.7
80.2
94.9
92.7
98.9
66.2
88.0
78.6
102.6

90.0
92.0
83.5
87.7
98.6
68.5
81.3
94.8
92.3
97.4
66.4
88.8
79.8
103.7

91.0
93.4
83.8
88.1
99.1
66.8
82.3
96.6
92.8
97.9
67.1
89.5
80.0
109.3

91.4
93.4
85.6
91.3
100.5
66.2
83.2
96.0
93.2
98.3
66.9
90.0
79.9
105.7

91.5
93.4
88.2
94.9
101.5
68.6
84.4
95.2
92.9
97.9
67.3
90.1
78.3
103.3

92.3
94.2
90.1
98.3
102.2
70.0
84.1
95.7
93.1
97.7
65.7
91.3
78.5
104.6

9.06
1.88
2.51
4.67
2.36

89.0
84.6
104.5
83.0
115.7

89.3
84.1
105.4
83.4
116.7

90.1
85.0
106.5
84.0
116.1

91.0
85.0
107.5
85.2
116.5

91.2
83.4
108.4
85.9
116.0

92.4
82.9
109.4
87.7
116.0

94.1
84.3
111.1
89.6
116.9

95.0
87.5
112.2
89.5
119.4

95.5
89.1
112.8
89.4
120.8

4.08
10.06

73.3
87.1

73.8
87.1

73.8
86.9

74.3
86.1

74.9
86.9

74.4
87.6

75.1
87.4

74.6
87.2

75.7
87.8

44.76
27.26
15.40
2.02
5.71
7.67
11.86
.47
2.30
5.44
17.49

91.9
85.3
83.9
69.6
94.4
81.2
87.4
81.8
86.4
84.8
103.1

92.3
85.6
84.0
66.5
95.5
81.7
87.9
82.0
85.5
84.7
103.8

92.9
85.9
84.1
66.3
95.8
81.8
88.6
81.7
85.6
86.4
104.9

92.7
86.0
84.8
67.0
96.2
82.6
87.8
81.5
85.1
84.7
104.1

93.2
86.4
85.4
66.9
97.7
82.9
87.9
82.5
85.4
85.0
104.7

94.7
88.0
86.5
66.6
100.3
83.6
90.1
85.6
86.3
88.3
106.2

94.6
88.8
88.1
67.2
102.8
84.9
89.9
82.7
86.9
88.0
104.1

94.5
88.9
88.8
68.4
103.9
85.2
89.1
86.4
85.7
87.2
103.9

95.2
89.7
89.6
68.6
105.1
85.8
90.0
83.2
87.0
88.7
104.4

321
327
331
332
333
334

74.67
71.48
35.68
.93
1.57
2.19
5.14
4.63
6.51

87.3
88.0
86.6
69.3
68.5
81.6
79.9
81.7
108.5

87.4
88.1
86.3
68.7
68.9
81.9
81.1
81.7
109.3

87.5
88.3
86.6
68.4
69.0
82.7
81.5
82.0
109.7

87.7
88.5
87.2
69.6
69.7
82.4
81.4
83.2
110.2

87.9
88.7
87.6
70.1
69.9
84.9
82.5
84.4
111.6

88.9
89.7
88.5
71.0
67.7
88.3
83.2
87.0
114.3

89.6
90.5
90.1
71.8
67.1
89.6
83.7
90.3
117.1

90.1
91.0
91.3
72.6
67.4
89.7
83.8
89.9
119.1

90.7
91.7
92.1
73.8
69.0
89.8
84.7
90.2
119.6

335
3361–3

1.74
4.50

78.9
82.7

79.9
77.6

79.3
78.3

80.9
79.0

81.6
76.2

80.8
76.4

81.1
79.2

81.6
82.8

82.2
85.2

3364–9
337
339

4.20
1.04
3.22

93.8
66.2
96.4

94.8
65.9
96.1

94.5
66.3
96.5

94.6
66.4
97.2

94.4
67.2
98.0

94.0
67.0
98.3

94.1
66.9
99.6

95.6
67.9
101.8

97.2
68.3
100.6

311,2
313,4
315,6
322
323
324
325
326

35.80
11.70
.74
.29
2.75
1.57
3.81
11.88
3.06

89.7
97.7
75.9
61.2
89.1
76.2
98.7
86.2
84.5

90.1
99.4
75.7
62.4
88.4
77.0
97.9
86.3
84.5

90.3
99.6
75.7
61.5
88.8
75.8
97.5
87.0
84.1

90.2
100.3
75.7
62.9
88.5
75.4
97.5
86.0
84.9

90.1
98.8
75.8
63.3
88.8
74.9
97.7
86.6
85.1

91.2
99.4
77.4
64.8
90.0
74.4
98.8
88.6
85.7

91.1
99.7
75.4
64.8
90.7
73.9
95.9
88.8
86.5

91.0
99.1
77.9
65.0
89.0
74.8
97.7
88.6
86.7

91.5
99.0
75.9
63.5
90.7
74.3
97.9
89.9
86.9

1133,5111

3.19

74.5

74.3

72.7

72.5

72.8

72.7

72.5

71.5

71.4

21
2211,2
2211
2212

13.94
11.39
9.73
1.66

101.2
103.1
102.9
103.8

102.7
102.7
102.1
105.7

103.9
102.6
101.7
107.1

104.7
98.8
97.8
104.2

104.6
100.6
99.1
109.5

104.8
105.1
102.9
118.0

103.5
102.8
101.8
107.9

103.8
99.1
98.2
104.0

104.4
100.8
100.0
104.5

Item
Total IP
M ARKET G ROUPS
Final products and nonindustrial supplies
Consumer goods
Durable
Automotive products
Home electronics
Appliances, furniture, carpeting
Miscellaneous goods
Nondurable
Non-energy
Foods and tobacco
Clothing
Chemical products
Paper products
Energy
Business equipment
Transit
Information processing
Industrial and other
Defense and space equipment
Construction supplies
Business supplies
Materials
Non-energy
Durable
Consumer parts
Equipment parts
Other
Nondurable
Textile
Paper
Chemical
Energy
I NDUSTRY G ROUPS
Manufacturing
Manufacturing (NAICS)
Durable manufacturing
Wood products
Nonmetallic mineral products
Primary metals
Fabricated metal products
Machinery
Computer and electronic products
Electrical equip., appliances,
and components
Motor vehicles and parts
Aerospace and miscellaneous
transportation equipment
Furniture and related products
Miscellaneous
Nondurable manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco products
Textile and product mills
Apparel and leather
Paper
Printing and support
Petroleum and coal products
Chemicals
Plastics and rubber products
Other manufacturing (non-NAICS)
Mining
Utilities
Electric
Natural gas

31–33

r Revised. p Preliminary.
NOTE. Refer to notes on table 1.

10

Table 5
I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION I NDEXES : S PECIAL AGGREGATES
2007 = 100, seasonally adjusted

2010
proportion

2010
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.r

Nov.r

Dec.r

2011
Jan.r

Feb.r

Mar.p

100.00

90.8

91.0

91.2

91.1

91.4

92.6

92.8

92.8

93.6

27.15
5.92
3.17
.56
4.37
13.12

103.2
107.3
101.7
81.5
100.8
103.7

103.7
107.2
101.5
84.6
99.8
105.1

104.2
106.0
101.8
85.7
98.2
107.1

102.7
102.6
99.4
86.5
94.5
107.3

103.6
103.7
101.4
86.7
97.2
107.2

106.0
109.3
103.1
88.4
101.4
107.7

103.7
105.7
101.1
91.1
98.8
105.8

102.8
103.3
99.4
91.5
97.2
106.0

103.7
104.6
101.1
91.8
97.7
106.6

72.85

86.7

86.8

87.0

87.3

87.4

88.3

89.2

89.6

90.3

3341
3342

3.56
.77
.73

115.6
132.7
88.2

117.0
135.7
88.1

117.7
139.8
88.6

117.8
141.3
88.2

120.1
143.9
87.9

124.8
147.6
87.8

128.9
151.0
88.2

131.8
154.3
88.5

133.0
157.3
88.7

334412–9

2.07

121.3

122.7

122.5

122.4

125.8

133.0

139.0

142.9

144.1

69.29

85.2

85.3

85.4

85.7

85.7

86.5

87.2

87.5

88.2

4.50
2.36
1.84

82.7
90.9
74.0

77.6
82.7
71.5

78.3
84.9
71.8

79.0
86.0
71.8

76.2
81.1
70.8

76.4
81.1
70.2

79.2
84.9
70.6

82.8
91.0
71.7

85.2
95.6
71.9

64.79
20.21
7.29
4.06
6.64
24.22

85.4
88.7
85.9
73.1
81.1
84.3

85.8
89.2
86.5
73.6
81.1
84.7

85.9
89.1
87.1
73.6
80.6
85.1

86.2
89.5
88.2
74.1
80.4
85.1

86.5
89.4
88.7
74.8
80.8
85.5

87.2
89.8
90.0
74.3
80.9
86.9

87.9
90.1
91.4
74.9
81.2
87.5

87.9
90.1
91.8
74.4
81.5
87.3

88.4
90.4
91.9
75.5
81.7
88.1

96.44
71.11
32.25

89.8
85.8
83.5

90.0
85.8
83.1

90.2
86.0
83.3

90.1
86.2
83.9

90.3
86.3
84.1

91.4
87.1
84.7

91.5
87.6
86.1

91.4
88.1
87.1

92.2
88.7
88.0

95.50
70.17
31.32

91.2
87.6
87.0

91.7
88.1
87.5

91.9
88.2
87.7

91.8
88.3
88.2

92.2
88.7
89.2

93.5
89.7
90.2

93.5
90.3
91.5

93.3
90.6
92.4

94.0
91.1
92.9

91.94
66.61

90.2
86.0

90.6
86.5

90.8
86.5

90.7
86.7

91.1
87.0

92.3
87.9

92.1
88.3

91.9
88.5

92.5
88.9

10.49
16.77

86.2
84.7

85.8
85.4

85.9
85.9

86.2
85.8

87.0
86.0

88.5
87.5

89.9
88.1

90.7
87.7

91.4
88.5

Item
Total industry
Energy
Consumer products
Commercial products
Oil and gas well drilling
Converted fuel
Primary energy

213111

Non-energy
Selected high-technology industries
Computers and peripheral equipment
Communications equipment
Semiconductors and related
electronic components
Excluding selected high-technology
industries
Motor vehicles and parts
Motor vehicles
Motor vehicle parts

3361–3
3361
3363

Excluding motor vehicles and parts
Consumer goods
Business equipment
Construction supplies
Business supplies
Materials

Measures excluding selected high-technology
industries
Total industry
Manufacturing1
Durable
Measures excluding motor vehicles and parts
Total industry
Manufacturing1
Durable
Measures excluding selected high-technology
industries and motor vehicles and parts
Total industry
Manufacturing1

Stage-of-process components of non-energy
materials, measures of the input to
Finished processors
Primary and semifinished processors
r Revised. p Preliminary.
1. Refer to note on cover page.

Table 6
D IFFUSION I NDEXES OF I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION
Percent

Item
One month earlier
2009
2010
2011
Three months earlier
2009
2010
2011
Six months earlier
2009
2010
2011

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

34.3
64.7
63.1

43.6
52.6
59.3

33.0
65.7

40.4
68.6

41.3
66.7

42.0
53.2

59.9
60.3

63.5
52.9

59.6
51.6

52.9
57.7

60.3
54.2

53.2
60.3

17.6
70.2
63.5

23.4
62.2
67.0

32.4
65.7

37.5
63.8

33.3
74.0

37.8
65.4

46.2
62.5

58.7
57.7

63.5
58.3

60.3
53.8

62.2
55.8

58.3
59.3

15.7
68.6
59.9

18.9
67.6
63.5

22.8
67.6

21.2
75.0

22.4
72.8

29.5
72.4

36.2
67.9

42.0
68.3

51.6
64.7

53.8
61.5

59.0
57.1

66.0
61.5

NOTE. The diffusion indexes are calculated as the percentage of series that increased over the indicated span (one, three, or six months) plus one-half the percentage that were unchanged.

11

Table 7
C APACITY U TILIZATION
Percent of capacity, seasonally adjusted

2010
proportion

19722010
ave.

199495
high

200809
low

2010
Q3

Q4r

2011
Q1p

2010
Oct.r

Nov.r

Dec.r

2011
Jan.r

Feb.r

Mar.p

100.00

80.4

85.1

67.3

75.5

76.1

77.1

75.7

75.8

76.8

76.9

76.9

77.4

31–33

77.87
74.31

79.0
78.8

84.7
84.8

64.4
64.2

72.6
72.8

73.3
73.6

74.9
75.3

73.0
73.3

73.1
73.4

73.9
74.2

74.5
74.8

74.9
75.3

75.3
75.8

321
327
331
332
333
334

39.68
1.19
2.39
2.37
5.62
4.99
6.72

77.2
77.8
75.9
79.4
77.2
78.1
78.1

83.8
87.1
82.7
94.0
85.6
87.1
84.9

59.0
50.9
45.6
49.4
60.5
61.1
68.6

69.6
59.0
51.2
66.5
71.1
71.2
77.2

70.6
60.8
51.8
68.6
72.9
74.2
78.8

73.2
63.4
51.2
71.9
74.8
78.9
82.1

70.2
60.1
52.1
66.5
71.9
72.7
78.1

70.5
60.7
52.4
68.4
73.0
73.8
78.4

71.2
61.6
50.8
70.9
73.7
76.1
80.0

72.4
62.5
50.5
71.9
74.3
79.0
81.6

73.3
63.3
50.9
71.9
74.6
78.7
82.5

73.9
64.5
52.2
71.9
75.5
79.0
82.3

335
3361–3

1.78
5.69

82.7
75.3

92.9
87.4

66.8
34.8

74.1
63.2

76.1
61.3

76.9
65.1

75.8
62.8

76.6
60.5

76.0
60.6

76.4
62.7

76.8
65.5

77.6
67.3

3364–9
337
339

4.45
1.21
3.26

73.0
77.5
76.0

68.9
82.5
80.6

68.0
59.2
68.8

71.6
65.7
75.1

71.4
66.7
76.5

72.2
67.8
78.6

71.6
66.1
76.0

71.4
67.0
76.7

71.1
66.9
76.9

71.1
66.9
77.9

72.1
68.0
79.5

73.3
68.4
78.5

311,2
313,4
315,6
322
323
324
325
326

34.63
11.15
.89
.33
2.48
1.85
3.03
11.59
3.32

81.1
81.2
80.4
78.2
87.1
82.2
85.8
78.0
82.3

86.1
86.1
92.4
87.3
92.6
85.8
90.9
81.8
92.5

69.8
74.5
53.2
62.7
71.7
63.4
73.7
65.8
57.5

76.5
78.6
63.1
66.6
82.7
65.0
85.0
75.8
70.4

77.0
78.9
64.0
69.2
83.2
64.0
85.5
76.4
71.6

77.7
78.4
64.5
70.3
84.3
63.8
85.0
78.1
73.3

76.8
79.7
63.4
68.2
82.5
64.4
84.7
75.4
71.2

76.7
78.4
63.6
68.8
83.0
64.0
85.3
76.0
71.5

77.7
78.8
65.1
70.5
84.1
63.7
86.4
77.7
72.2

77.6
78.9
63.6
70.6
84.8
63.4
83.9
77.9
73.0

77.5
78.3
65.8
70.9
83.2
64.2
85.5
77.7
73.3

77.9
78.1
64.2
69.4
84.9
63.8
85.7
78.8
73.7

1133,5111

3.56

83.4

83.2

69.0

67.6

66.6

65.9

66.4

66.7

66.6

66.5

65.6

65.6

21
2211,2

11.73
10.40

87.4
86.6

88.5
93.3

79.0
79.2

87.5
82.9

89.1
81.1

87.9
79.9

89.3
79.2

89.0
80.4

89.0
83.7

87.7
81.6

87.8
78.5

88.1
79.7

3341
3342

3.74
.74
.75

78.3
78.5
76.7

86.9
87.3
83.8

70.9
79.5
78.8

77.4
83.1
76.1

79.4
83.9
75.6

83.7
85.4
74.0

78.3
84.9
77.9

78.6
83.0
74.7

81.1
83.8
74.2

83.1
84.6
74.2

84.1
85.4
74.1

84.0
86.3
73.8

334412–9

2.25

80.3

92.2

63.1

75.9

79.2

86.8

76.2

78.6

82.7

85.9

87.5

87.1

Measures excluding selected
high-technology industries
Total industry
Manufacturing1

96.26
74.13

80.5
79.0

85.0
84.5

67.1
64.0

75.4
72.3

76.0
73.0

76.8
74.4

75.6
72.7

75.7
72.8

76.7
73.5

76.6
74.0

76.6
74.4

77.1
74.9

S TAGE - OF - PROCESS GROUPS
Crude
Primary and semifinished
Finished

15.38
45.86
38.77

86.4
81.3
77.3

89.6
87.9
80.7

77.6
64.9
66.8

86.3
72.8
74.2

87.2
73.2
74.9

86.9
74.2
76.3

87.1
72.2
74.9

86.9
73.0
74.6

87.5
74.5
75.1

86.8
74.3
75.8

86.7
73.8
76.3

87.2
74.4
76.8

Item

Total industry
1

Manufacturing
Manufacturing (NAICS)
Durable manufacturing
Wood products
Nonmetallic mineral products
Primary metals
Fabricated metal products
Machinery
Computer and electronic products
Electrical equip., appliances,
and components
Motor vehicles and parts
Aerospace and miscellaneous
transportation equipment
Furniture and related products
Miscellaneous
Nondurable manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco products
Textile and product mills
Apparel and leather
Paper
Printing and support
Petroleum and coal products
Chemicals
Plastics and rubber products
Other manufacturing (non-NAICS)
Mining
Utilities

Selected high-technology industries
Computers and peripheral equipment
Communications equipment
Semiconductors and related
electronic components

r Revised. p Preliminary.
1. Refer to note on cover page.

12

Table 8
I NDUSTRIAL C APACITY
Percent change

Average annual rate
19721980198979
88
94

Item

Total industry
Manufacturing

1

Mining
Utilities

Selected high-technology industries
Manufacturing1 ex. selected
high-technology industries

S TAGE - OF - PROCESS GROUPS
Crude
Primary and semifinished
Finished

Fourth quarter to fourth quarter

Monthly
rate
2011
Mar.

Annual rate

19952011

2008

2009

2010

2011

2010
Q2

Q3

Q4

2011
Q1

3.1

1.9

2.2

2.3

.2

-1.1

-1.8

1.1

-2.6

-1.4

-.1

.9

.1

3.3

2.2

2.5

2.5

-.6

-2.8

-2.0

.8

-2.6

-1.7

-.6

.3

.1

.7
4.2

.1
2.1

-.6
1.8

.0
2.2

2.6
2.4

3.4
.5

-.9
3.6

2.1
2.0

-2.0
3.7

-.6
4.3

1.2
4.0

2.3
3.1

.2
.2

19.6

17.3

15.6

20.9

-.1

10.0

4.1

15.2

2.3

1.8

5.5

10.4

1.1

2.6

1.3

1.6

.9

-.7

-3.6

-2.3

.1

-2.8

-1.8

-.9

-.2

.0

1.6
3.0
3.9

.4
1.3
3.3

-.5
2.5
2.6

.1
2.7
2.4

2.3
.0
-.8

.9
-2.3
-2.1

-.9
-2.1
-.7

1.5
.2
2.0

-1.8
-2.6
-1.2

-.2
-1.8
-.3

1.2
-.8
.7

1.9
-.1
1.4

.2
.0
.2

1. Refer to note on cover page.

Table 9
G ROSS VALUE OF F INAL P RODUCTS AND N ONINDUSTRIAL S UPPLIES
Billions of 2005 dollars at annual rate, seasonally adjusted

2005

2010

2010
Q3

Q4r

2011
Q1p

2010
Oct.r

Nov.r

Dec.r

2011
Jan.r

Feb.r

Mar.p

3,336.9

3,160.1

3,201.5

3,210.0

3,256.0

3,193.2

3,198.6

3,238.2

3,234.4

3,253.5

3,280.2

2,477.7
1,835.2
495.3
288.3
207.0
1,339.9

2,429.0
1,775.3
416.6
262.1
155.0
1,351.9

2,467.0
1,799.4
425.5
270.0
156.0
1,367.5

2,472.7
1,795.4
421.0
264.5
156.9
1,367.5

2,513.4
1,811.9
444.8
284.5
160.9
1,364.1

2,463.7
1,788.8
424.0
269.2
155.3
1,358.8

2,459.7
1,784.7
419.2
261.7
157.9
1,358.9

2,494.6
1,812.7
419.9
262.7
157.7
1,384.9

2,492.8
1,799.7
430.3
272.3
158.5
1,364.1

2,515.2
1,812.1
446.2
285.0
161.8
1,363.2

2,532.3
1,824.0
458.0
296.2
162.5
1,365.0

Equipment, total
Business and defense
Business
Defense and space

642.5
619.1
539.2
79.9

652.7
634.2
524.5
107.1

666.8
647.9
536.8
108.6

677.6
658.6
547.6
108.8

704.1
684.1
570.7
111.4

675.2
656.4
544.9
109.1

675.5
656.5
545.5
108.7

682.0
662.9
552.2
108.5

695.2
675.3
564.1
109.2

705.9
686.0
572.2
111.7

711.2
691.1
575.7
113.2

Nonindustrial supplies
Construction supplies
Business supplies
Commercial energy products

859.2
270.2
589.1
210.9

734.7
200.2
534.7
213.0

738.5
201.9
536.7
214.0

741.3
205.6
535.8
213.2

746.9
207.5
539.5
212.5

733.6
204.1
529.7
209.0

742.6
206.9
535.8
213.0

747.6
205.9
541.8
217.7

745.6
207.8
538.0
212.4

742.7
206.1
536.8
210.1

752.2
208.7
543.7
215.1

Item
Final products and nonindustrial
supplies
Final products
Consumer goods
Durable
Automotive products
Other durable goods
Nondurable

r Revised. p Preliminary.

Table 10
G ROSS -VALUE -W EIGHTED I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION : S TAGE - OF -P ROCESS G ROUPS
Percent change, seasonally adjusted

Fourth quarter to
fourth quarter
Item

Finished
Semifinished
Primary
Crude

2010
gross value1

2008

2009

2010

2010
Q3

1882.7
1522.2
1304.9
623.9

-10.5
-11.4
-8.6
-10.0

-3.0
-9.3
-3.4
-.4

7.1
6.0
5.3
5.0

8.4
7.2
4.2
5.9

r Revised. p Preliminary.
1. Billions of 2005 dollars.

13

Annual rate
2011
Q4r
Q1p
4.0
-.4
3.2
2.6

11.6
6.3
1.8
5.3

2010
Oct.r

Nov.

.7
-.5
-1.4
-.6

-.3
.5
1.3
.0

r

Monthly rate
2011
Dec.r
Jan.r
.8
1.2
3.2
1.7

1.2
.5
-2.3
.1

Feb.

r

1.2
-.4
.3
-.4

Mar.

p

1.0
.9
.2
1.0

Mar. ’10
to
Mar. ’11
8.5
5.8
2.7
4.2

Table 11
H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, AND U TILIZATION : Total Industry
Seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Annual

IP (percent
change)1
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

.3
-.6
-.4
-.6
.5

-.4
.9
-.7
.8
.4

.3
.5
-.5
.8
.0

.0
-.1
.2
.7
.3

-.7
.2
1.0
.3
-.4

.1
.3
1.0
.0
.2

-1.0
-.1
.0
.9
.3

.9
.2
.1
-.5
.0

-.3
.2
.9
.2
.5

-.1
-.8
-.2
.7
.7

.3
-1.2
-.1
.4
.4

.6
-.7
-.3
.0
.5

1.7
2.9
-7.4
-.4
3.6

-1.4
3.0
2.5
7.2
1.0

-2.6
1.7
5.5
2.9
2.0

1.6
-6.2
.8
4.1
6.1

.9
1.0
-1.5
2.8
3.3

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

.4
.3
-.6
.1
.5

.0
.0
1.6
1.2
.1

1.0
.2
-.1
.8
.1

.5
-.1
.8
.0
.4

.5
.2
.7
.7
.7

.7
.3
.9
.5
-.6

.2
-.4
-.1
.6
-.4

.6
1.3
.6
1.3
2.2

.2
.3
.5
.9
-.3

.8
-.2
.0
.7
.8

.6
.2
.8
.9
-.1

1.1
.4
.6
.4
.3

5.2
5.1
3.0
7.8
4.4

7.4
1.2
8.5
6.5
2.9

5.1
3.7
5.4
9.6
3.0

8.2
3.0
5.4
10.1
5.7

5.3
4.7
4.4
7.2
5.8

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

.4
.1
-.7
.6
.8

.4
.4
-.6
.0
.3

.2
.4
-.3
.8
-.2

.2
.6
-.2
.4
-.8

.8
.1
-.7
.6
.0

-.1
.1
-.6
.9
.0

.7
-.3
-.5
-.3
.3

.4
-.2
-.3
.2
-.1

-.3
.5
-.4
.1
.6

1.3
-.4
-.5
-.4
.0

.5
.0
-.5
.5
.8

.8
-.3
.0
-.5
.0

3.8
4.7
-5.5
2.8
3.0

3.9
4.5
-5.2
6.7
-3.1

4.1
-.6
-5.7
2.6
2.0

7.5
-1.1
-4.7
-.4
3.4

4.3
4.0
-3.4
.2
1.3

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

.3
.5
.2
-.3
-.3

.6
.7
.1
1.1
-.2

-.6
-.1
.2
.0
-.4

.4
.0
.4
.8
-.9

.7
.2
-.2
-.1
-.6

-.9
.4
.4
.0
-.3

.7
-.2
.2
.1
-.4

.3
.1
.2
.0
-1.7

.0
-2.0
-.1
.5
-4.1

1.0
1.2
.0
-.6
.9

.2
1.0
-.1
.4
-1.3

.7
.6
1.1
.2
-2.6

2.8
6.1
4.0
4.5
-1.2

1.7
1.7
2.4
4.5
-6.6

2.1
-1.7
1.8
1.1
-12.2

5.8
3.1
1.0
.1
-15.7

2.3
3.2
2.2
2.7
-3.7

2009
2010
2011

-2.1
1.2
.1

-.5
.2
.1

-1.7
.5
.8

-.9
.4

-1.1
1.3

-.4
.1

1.1
.9

.9
.2

.7
.3

.3
-.1

.2
.3

.6
1.3

-18.9
8.1
6.0

-11.5
7.1

5.3
6.7

5.6
3.2

-11.2
5.3

IP (2007=100)
2009
2010
2011

87.5
87.7
92.8

87.0
87.9
92.8

85.5
88.4
93.6

84.8
88.7

83.9
89.9

83.5
90.0

84.4
90.8

85.2
91.0

85.8
91.2

86.0
91.1

86.2
91.4

86.7
92.6

86.7
88.0
93.1

84.1
89.5

85.2
91.0

86.3
91.7

85.5
90.1

124.2
122.1
120.7

124.3
121.8
120.8

124.3
121.5
120.9

124.3
121.2

124.2
121.0

124.1
120.8

123.9
120.6

123.6
120.5

123.4
120.5

123.1
120.5

122.8
120.5

122.4
120.6

124.3
121.8
120.8

124.2
121.0

123.6
120.6

122.8
120.5

123.7
121.0

Utilization
(percent)
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

85.2
82.5
79.9
79.3
81.3

84.7
83.0
79.3
79.8
81.4

84.8
83.3
78.8
80.3
81.3

84.7
83.0
78.8
80.7
81.4

84.0
83.0
79.5
80.8
81.0

83.9
83.1
80.2
80.7
81.1

82.9
82.9
80.1
81.2
81.3

83.4
82.9
80.1
80.6
81.1

83.0
83.0
80.7
80.6
81.4

82.7
82.2
80.5
81.0
81.9

82.8
81.1
80.3
81.2
82.0

83.1
80.4
79.9
81.0
82.3

84.9
82.9
79.3
79.8
81.3

84.2
83.0
79.5
80.7
81.2

83.1
82.9
80.3
80.8
81.3

82.9
81.2
80.2
81.1
82.1

83.8
82.5
79.8
80.6
81.5

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

82.5
85.0
82.6
83.4
84.5

82.3
84.7
83.6
84.0
84.0

83.0
84.6
83.1
84.2
83.5

83.2
84.2
83.5
83.8
83.3

83.4
84.1
83.6
84.0
83.3

83.7
84.1
84.0
83.9
82.3

83.6
83.4
83.5
83.9
81.5

83.8
84.2
83.7
84.5
82.8

83.8
84.2
83.7
84.7
82.1

84.2
83.7
83.3
84.7
82.4

84.4
83.5
83.6
84.9
81.9

85.1
83.5
83.7
84.7
81.8

82.6
84.8
83.1
83.9
84.0

83.5
84.1
83.7
83.9
83.0

83.7
83.9
83.6
84.4
82.2

84.6
83.6
83.6
84.8
82.1

83.6
84.1
83.5
84.2
82.8

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

81.8
82.0
79.1
73.8
75.7

81.8
82.0
78.4
73.7
76.0

81.6
82.1
77.9
74.2
75.9

81.5
82.3
77.5
74.4
75.4

81.7
82.1
76.8
74.8
75.4

81.3
81.9
76.1
75.4
75.5

81.6
81.5
75.6
75.2
75.7

81.6
81.0
75.1
75.3
75.7

81.1
81.2
74.7
75.4
76.2

81.8
80.6
74.2
75.1
76.2

81.9
80.4
73.6
75.5
76.8

82.2
79.8
73.5
75.1
76.8

81.7
82.1
78.5
73.9
75.9

81.5
82.1
76.8
74.9
75.4

81.4
81.2
75.1
75.3
75.9

82.0
80.3
73.8
75.2
76.6

81.7
81.4
76.0
74.8
75.9

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

77.0
79.8
80.4
80.2
81.1

77.4
80.3
80.3
80.9
81.0

77.0
80.1
80.4
80.8
80.6

77.3
80.1
80.6
81.2
80.0

77.9
80.2
80.3
81.1
79.5

77.2
80.4
80.5
81.0
79.3

77.8
80.2
80.5
81.0
79.0

78.0
80.2
80.5
81.0
77.6

77.9
78.5
80.3
81.3
74.3

78.7
79.4
80.1
80.8
74.9

78.8
80.0
79.9
81.1
73.9

79.4
80.4
80.5
81.3
71.9

77.1
80.1
80.4
80.6
80.9

77.5
80.2
80.5
81.1
79.6

77.9
79.6
80.4
81.1
77.0

79.0
79.9
80.2
81.1
73.6

77.9
79.9
80.4
81.0
77.8

2009
2010
2011

70.4
71.9
76.9

70.0
72.2
76.9

68.8
72.8
77.4

68.2
73.2

67.5
74.3

67.3
74.5

68.2
75.3

68.9
75.5

69.5
75.7

69.9
75.7

70.2
75.8

70.8
76.8

69.7
72.3
77.1

67.7
74.0

68.9
75.5

70.3
76.1

69.2
74.5

Capacity
(percent of
2007 output)
2009
2010
2011

1. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages.

14

Table 12
H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, AND U TILIZATION : Manufacturing1
Seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Annual

IP (percent
change)2
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

.8
-.1
-.8
-.6
1.0

-.9
1.4
-.6
.9
.2

-.1
.5
-.7
1.0
-.2

.2
-.3
.3
.5
.5

-.8
.2
.7
.6
-.1

.2
.3
1.1
.3
-.1

-1.1
-.1
.2
.9
.3

.8
.2
.2
-.4
-.1

-.2
.0
1.1
.0
.6

-.2
-.8
-.2
.6
.8

.2
-1.1
-.2
.4
.4

.1
-.8
-.1
-.2
.5

2.0
4.3
-8.8
.6
4.5

-2.7
2.9
1.9
8.2
1.5

-3.2
1.1
7.2
4.0
1.1

.3
-6.8
1.5
2.9
6.9

.8
.8
-2.0
3.6
3.5

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

.2
.3
-.7
.1
.8

.1
-.1
1.6
1.4
.1

1.3
.3
-.2
1.2
-.1

.8
-.2
1.1
-.2
.5

.7
.1
.7
.9
.6

.3
.5
1.1
.7
-.7

.4
-.6
.3
.5
-.5

.8
1.1
.6
1.6
2.6

.3
.8
.7
.8
-.3

1.0
-.1
-.1
.6
1.0

.8
.0
.8
1.1
.2

1.2
.4
.9
.4
.5

5.1
5.5
2.2
9.2
6.0

9.4
.6
9.7
7.7
2.4

6.0
3.0
7.8
10.8
3.3

9.9
3.8
5.6
10.9
7.8

5.9
5.2
4.8
8.4
6.6

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

.2
.2
-.6
.5
.6

.7
.3
-.6
-.1
.2

-.1
.6
-.3
.8
.2

.4
.6
-.2
.2
-.9

.9
-.2
-.8
.7
.1

-.3
.2
-.7
1.1
.4

.5
.0
-.4
-.5
.1

.7
-.6
-.7
.4
-.3

-.3
.5
-.2
.1
.7

1.5
-.4
-.7
-.5
.0

.6
-.3
-.3
.5
1.0

.7
-.7
.3
-.5
-.2

4.4
5.3
-6.4
3.3
2.3

4.5
4.2
-5.4
6.1
-2.2

3.8
-.8
-6.3
3.4
1.5

9.0
-2.7
-4.5
-.5
3.9

5.0
4.2
-4.0
.3
1.3

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

.0
.8
.9
-.3
-.3

.7
.8
-.1
.5
-.5

-.3
-.5
-.1
.7
-.4

.4
.2
.6
.7
-1.2

.7
.4
-.4
-.2
-.6

-.8
.1
.3
.3
-.6

.8
-.1
-.1
.3
-1.1

.7
.2
.4
-.5
-1.4

-.1
-1.1
.1
.5
-3.4

1.1
1.5
-.3
-.5
-.6

-.1
.8
.1
.3
-2.4

.7
.0
1.6
.3
-3.1

2.6
6.7
4.0
5.4
-2.0

2.9
2.0
1.0
5.2
-8.9

3.5
-.5
1.1
.8
-13.9

5.7
5.5
1.8
-.2
-21.4

2.8
4.0
2.5
2.9
-5.0

2009
2010
2011

-2.7
1.0
.8

.1
.1
.6

-2.0
.9
.7

-.8
.7

-1.2
1.1

-.3
-.1

1.3
.8

1.0
.1

.8
.2

.0
.2

.8
.2

.2
1.1

-22.2
7.1
9.1

-11.4
8.7

6.6
5.1

5.9
3.5

-13.5
5.4

IP (2007=100)
2009
2010
2011

83.6
84.2
89.6

83.7
84.3
90.1

82.0
85.1
90.7

81.4
85.7

80.4
86.7

80.1
86.6

81.2
87.3

81.9
87.4

82.6
87.5

82.6
87.7

83.3
87.9

83.4
88.9

83.1
84.5
90.1

80.6
86.3

81.9
87.4

83.1
88.2

82.2
86.6

125.8
122.0
120.3

125.6
121.7
120.3

125.3
121.4
120.4

125.0
121.2

124.7
120.9

124.4
120.7

124.1
120.6

123.7
120.4

123.4
120.3

123.0
120.3

122.7
120.2

122.4
120.2

125.6
121.7
120.3

124.7
120.9

123.7
120.4

122.7
120.3

124.2
120.8

Utilization
(percent)
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

85.5
81.6
78.5
78.2
80.4

84.6
82.5
77.9
78.8
80.4

84.4
82.7
77.3
79.4
80.1

84.3
82.3
77.4
79.6
80.4

83.5
82.3
77.8
79.9
80.2

83.5
82.3
78.6
79.9
80.0

82.3
82.1
78.7
80.4
80.1

82.8
82.1
78.8
79.9
79.9

82.4
81.9
79.5
79.7
80.3

82.1
81.1
79.3
80.0
80.8

82.0
80.0
79.0
80.1
81.0

81.9
79.3
78.8
79.8
81.3

84.8
82.3
77.9
78.8
80.3

83.8
82.3
78.0
79.8
80.2

82.5
82.0
79.0
80.0
80.1

82.0
80.1
79.0
80.0
81.0

83.3
81.7
78.5
79.6
80.4

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

81.3
84.6
81.4
82.2
83.7

81.2
84.2
82.3
82.9
83.1

82.1
84.1
81.7
83.4
82.4

82.5
83.6
82.2
82.7
82.2

82.8
83.3
82.3
82.9
82.0

82.8
83.3
82.8
82.9
80.9

82.8
82.5
82.6
82.8
80.0

83.2
83.1
82.6
83.6
81.5

83.2
83.4
82.7
83.7
80.8

83.7
82.9
82.2
83.6
81.1

84.0
82.5
82.4
83.9
80.8

84.7
82.4
82.6
83.6
80.8

81.5
84.3
81.8
82.8
83.0

82.7
83.4
82.4
82.9
81.7

83.1
83.0
82.6
83.3
80.8

84.1
82.6
82.4
83.7
80.9

82.8
83.3
82.3
83.2
81.6

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

80.6
80.7
76.7
71.8
73.7

80.7
80.6
76.0
71.7
73.8

80.3
80.8
75.5
72.2
74.0

80.2
80.9
75.1
72.3
73.3

80.6
80.4
74.3
72.8
73.4

80.0
80.2
73.7
73.6
73.7

80.1
79.9
73.2
73.2
73.7

80.3
79.1
72.6
73.5
73.5

79.7
79.2
72.3
73.6
74.1

80.5
78.7
71.7
73.3
74.1

80.7
78.1
71.4
73.6
74.9

80.9
77.4
71.5
73.2
74.7

80.5
80.7
76.0
71.9
73.8

80.3
80.5
74.4
72.9
73.4

80.0
79.4
72.7
73.5
73.8

80.7
78.1
71.6
73.4
74.6

80.4
79.7
73.7
72.9
73.9

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

74.8
78.1
79.1
78.7
78.9

75.4
78.6
78.9
79.0
78.5

75.2
78.2
78.6
79.3
78.1

75.5
78.2
79.0
79.7
77.2

76.1
78.4
78.5
79.4
76.8

75.5
78.4
78.6
79.5
76.3

76.1
78.1
78.4
79.5
75.6

76.6
78.2
78.6
79.0
74.6

76.4
77.2
78.5
79.3
72.2

77.2
78.2
78.1
78.8
71.8

77.1
78.7
78.0
79.0
70.2

77.6
78.5
79.1
79.2
68.2

75.1
78.3
78.9
79.0
78.5

75.7
78.3
78.7
79.5
76.8

76.3
77.8
78.5
79.3
74.1

77.3
78.5
78.4
79.0
70.1

76.1
78.2
78.6
79.2
74.9

2009
2010
2011

66.4
69.0
74.5

66.6
69.3
74.9

65.5
70.0
75.3

65.1
70.7

64.4
71.7

64.4
71.7

65.4
72.4

66.2
72.6

67.0
72.7

67.1
73.0

67.9
73.1

68.2
73.9

66.2
69.4
74.9

64.6
71.4

66.2
72.6

67.7
73.3

66.2
71.7

Capacity
(percent of
2007 output)
2009
2010
2011

1. Refer to note on cover page.
2. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages.

15

Table 13
H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY,
High-Technology Industries1

AND

U TILIZATION : Total Industry Excluding Selected

Seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Annual

.3
-.7
-.4
-.8
.5

-.4
.9
-.8
.8
.3

.3
.5
-.6
.8
-.1

.0
-.2
.2
.6
.3

-.7
.1
1.0
.2
-.4

.0
.3
1.0
-.1
.2

-1.1
-.1
.0
.8
.3

.8
.2
.0
-.6
-.1

-.3
.2
.9
.1
.4

-.2
-.8
-.2
.6
.7

.2
-1.3
-.2
.3
.3

.6
-.8
-.5
.0
.5

2.0
2.2
-8.0
-1.9
3.1

-1.6
2.5
2.0
6.2
.3

-3.5
1.3
5.3
1.8
1.4

.8
-6.7
.3
2.9
5.1

.6
.3
-2.0
1.9
2.5

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

.4
.1
-1.0
-.1
.2

.0
-.2
1.3
.9
.0

.9
-.1
-.3
.5
-.1

.3
-.3
.8
-.3
.2

.3
.1
.5
.3
.6

.6
.2
.7
.2
-.9

.0
-.6
-.5
.3
-.8

.4
1.1
.4
1.0
2.0

.0
.1
.3
.7
-.7

.6
-.5
-.3
.6
.6

.4
.1
.8
.6
-.3

.9
.1
.5
.1
.1

4.5
2.9
-.4
5.1
1.9

5.3
-1.2
6.4
2.4
.8

3.2
1.5
2.1
6.2
-.3

5.7
.2
3.0
7.8
2.4

4.0
2.4
1.7
4.2
3.1

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

.2
-.3
-.7
.7
.7

.1
.0
-.5
-.1
.2

-.1
.1
-.3
.8
-.3

-.1
.4
-.1
.4
-.9

.6
-.2
-.7
.5
-.1

-.4
-.1
-.5
.9
-.1

.3
-.6
-.3
-.4
.2

.4
-.4
-.3
.1
-.1

-.4
.4
-.4
.0
.6

1.2
-.5
-.5
-.4
-.2

.2
-.2
-.4
.4
.7

.5
-.5
-.1
-.6
-.1

.6
.5
-5.9
3.0
1.7

.3
1.5
-4.4
6.4
-4.6

1.1
-3.0
-4.6
1.8
.9

5.4
-2.7
-4.8
-1.1
2.6

1.1
1.0
-4.0
.3
.2

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

.2
.4
.1
-.3
-.3

.6
.6
.0
1.0
-.3

-.6
-.2
.2
-.2
-.5

.5
.0
.4
.6
-.9

.7
.1
-.3
.0
-.6

-.9
.3
.3
.1
-.3

.7
-.3
.2
.1
-.3

.2
.0
.2
-.1
-1.7

-.1
-2.2
-.2
.4
-4.3

1.0
1.2
.0
-.8
1.1

.2
1.0
-.2
.2
-1.1

.7
.5
1.0
.1
-2.5

2.2
5.3
3.4
3.7
-2.4

1.8
.9
1.7
3.6
-7.4

1.6
-3.0
1.2
1.1
-12.2

5.4
2.0
.3
-1.5
-14.7

1.7
2.5
1.4
1.9
-4.4

2009
2010
2011

-2.1
1.2
.0

-.6
.1
.0

-1.8
.5
.8

-1.0
.3

-1.1
1.4

-.5
.1

1.0
.9

.9
.2

.6
.3

.2
-.1

.2
.2

.6
1.2

-18.7
7.9
4.9

-12.5
6.9

4.8
6.8

5.2
2.8

-11.2
5.0

IP (2007=100)
2009
2010
2011

87.0
86.8
91.5

86.6
86.9
91.4

85.0
87.4
92.2

84.1
87.7

83.2
88.9

82.8
89.0

83.7
89.8

84.4
90.0

85.0
90.2

85.1
90.1

85.3
90.3

85.8
91.4

86.2
87.1
91.7

83.4
88.5

84.3
90.0

85.4
90.6

84.8
89.0

123.7
121.0
119.3

123.7
120.6
119.4

123.7
120.3
119.5

123.6
120.0

123.5
119.8

123.3
119.6

123.1
119.4

122.8
119.3

122.4
119.3

122.1
119.2

121.7
119.2

121.3
119.3

123.7
120.6
119.4

123.5
119.8

122.8
119.3

121.7
119.3

122.9
119.8

Utilization
(percent)
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

85.5
82.7
80.2
79.2
81.4

85.1
83.3
79.5
79.7
81.6

85.3
83.6
78.9
80.2
81.5

85.1
83.3
79.0
80.6
81.6

84.4
83.3
79.7
80.8
81.2

84.3
83.4
80.4
80.6
81.2

83.2
83.2
80.3
81.1
81.4

83.8
83.3
80.3
80.6
81.2

83.3
83.3
80.9
80.6
81.5

83.0
82.5
80.6
81.0
81.9

83.1
81.4
80.4
81.2
82.1

83.4
80.7
79.9
81.1
82.4

85.3
83.2
79.6
79.7
81.5

84.6
83.3
79.7
80.7
81.3

83.4
83.3
80.5
80.8
81.4

83.2
81.5
80.3
81.1
82.1

84.1
82.8
80.0
80.6
81.6

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

82.6
84.9
82.4
83.8
84.6

82.5
84.6
83.4
84.3
84.2

83.1
84.4
83.0
84.4
83.9

83.2
84.0
83.5
83.9
83.7

83.4
83.9
83.8
83.9
83.9

83.8
83.9
84.2
83.8
82.8

83.7
83.3
83.6
83.8
81.9

83.9
84.1
83.8
84.3
83.3

83.7
84.0
83.9
84.6
82.5

84.1
83.5
83.4
84.8
82.7

84.4
83.4
83.9
85.0
82.1

85.0
83.4
84.1
84.7
82.0

82.7
84.6
82.9
84.1
84.2

83.5
83.9
83.8
83.9
83.5

83.8
83.8
83.7
84.2
82.5

84.5
83.4
83.8
84.8
82.3

83.6
83.9
83.6
84.3
83.1

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

81.9
81.5
78.7
75.1
76.9

81.8
81.4
78.2
75.0
77.1

81.5
81.4
77.9
75.5
76.9

81.2
81.6
77.7
75.8
76.3

81.5
81.4
77.1
76.1
76.3

81.0
81.3
76.6
76.8
76.2

81.0
80.7
76.3
76.5
76.4

81.2
80.3
76.0
76.6
76.4

80.7
80.6
75.6
76.7
76.8

81.5
80.0
75.1
76.4
76.7

81.6
79.8
74.7
76.8
77.3

81.9
79.3
74.6
76.3
77.3

81.7
81.4
78.3
75.2
77.0

81.2
81.4
77.2
76.2
76.3

81.0
80.5
76.0
76.6
76.5

81.7
79.7
74.8
76.5
77.1

81.4
80.8
76.6
76.1
76.7

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

77.4
80.2
80.5
80.1
81.0

77.9
80.7
80.4
80.8
80.8

77.4
80.6
80.5
80.6
80.4

77.8
80.5
80.7
81.0
79.7

78.4
80.6
80.3
81.0
79.2

77.7
80.8
80.4
81.1
79.0

78.2
80.6
80.4
81.2
78.7

78.4
80.5
80.4
81.1
77.3

78.3
78.7
80.1
81.5
73.9

79.1
79.5
80.0
80.9
74.7

79.3
80.2
79.7
81.1
73.8

79.9
80.6
80.4
81.3
71.9

77.5
80.5
80.5
80.5
80.8

77.9
80.6
80.5
81.0
79.3

78.3
79.9
80.3
81.3
76.6

79.4
80.1
80.0
81.1
73.5

78.3
80.3
80.3
81.0
77.5

2009
2010
2011

70.3
71.8
76.6

70.0
72.1
76.6

68.7
72.6
77.1

68.1
73.0

67.3
74.2

67.1
74.4

68.0
75.2

68.8
75.4

69.4
75.6

69.7
75.6

70.1
75.7

70.7
76.7

69.7
72.2
76.8

67.5
73.9

68.7
75.4

70.2
76.0

69.0
74.4

IP (percent
change)2
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

Capacity
(percent of
2007 output)
2009
2010
2011

1. Selected high-technology industries are computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors and related electronic components.
2. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages.

16

Table 14
H ISTORICAL S TATISTICS FOR I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION , C APACITY, AND U TILIZATION : Manufacturing1 Excluding Selected
High-Technology Industries2
Seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Annual

.9
-.3
-.8
-.9
1.1

-1.0
1.5
-.8
.9
.1

.0
.4
-.8
.9
-.3

.1
-.3
.3
.4
.5

-.9
.1
.7
.5
-.2

.2
.2
1.1
.1
-.2

-1.4
-.2
.3
.8
.2

.8
.2
.2
-.5
-.2

-.3
-.1
1.1
-.1
.5

-.3
-.9
-.2
.5
.7

.1
-1.2
-.3
.3
.3

.0
-.8
-.3
-.2
.5

2.3
3.6
-9.7
-1.1
4.0

-3.1
2.3
1.4
7.1
.7

-4.3
.6
7.0
2.7
.4

-.7
-7.6
1.0
1.4
5.7

.4
.0
-2.6
2.6
2.5

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

.1
.1
-1.2
-.2
.5

.1
-.3
1.3
1.0
-.1

1.2
-.1
-.4
.9
-.3

.5
-.4
1.0
-.7
.2

.4
-.1
.5
.5
.4

.2
.3
.8
.4
-1.1

.2
-.8
-.1
.1
-.9

.6
.9
.3
1.3
2.4

.1
.5
.4
.6
-.8

.8
-.4
-.4
.5
.7

.5
-.1
.7
.8
-.1

.9
.0
.7
.2
.2

4.2
2.8
-1.8
6.1
3.1

7.0
-2.2
7.3
2.9
-.2

3.7
.3
4.0
6.8
-.5

7.0
.6
2.8
8.2
4.1

4.4
2.5
1.5
4.9
3.5

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

-.1
-.3
-.6
.7
.5

.4
-.2
-.5
-.1
.0

-.4
.3
-.3
.8
.1

.0
.4
-.1
.1
-1.1

.7
-.6
-.7
.7
-.1

-.7
.0
-.5
1.0
.3

.0
-.4
-.1
-.5
-.1

.6
-.8
-.7
.3
-.4

-.4
.4
-.3
.1
.7

1.4
-.5
-.7
-.5
-.2

.3
-.6
-.2
.4
.9

.3
-.9
.2
-.7
-.3

.7
.3
-6.9
3.7
.7

.3
.6
-4.3
5.7
-3.9

.2
-3.7
-4.9
2.4
.1

6.6
-4.7
-4.6
-1.4
2.9

1.4
.7
-4.8
.4
.0

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

-.1
.7
.8
-.4
-.4

.8
.8
-.2
.4
-.7

-.3
-.6
-.2
.5
-.6

.5
.1
.5
.5
-1.3

.7
.3
-.6
-.2
-.7

-.9
.1
.2
.4
-.6

.8
-.3
-.1
.3
-1.0

.6
.1
.3
-.6
-1.4

-.3
-1.3
.0
.4
-3.5

1.1
1.4
-.4
-.8
-.4

-.1
.7
.0
.1
-2.2

.6
-.1
1.6
.2
-3.0

1.8
5.7
3.3
4.5
-3.6

3.1
.9
.0
4.0
-10.0

3.1
-2.1
.2
.8
-14.1

5.2
4.2
.9
-2.3
-20.4

2.0
3.1
1.5
2.0
-6.0

2009
2010
2011

-2.8
1.0
.6

.1
.0
.5

-2.2
.9
.7

-1.0
.7

-1.3
1.2

-.4
-.1

1.3
.9

.9
.0

.8
.1

-.1
.2

.8
.1

.2
1.0

-22.2
6.8
7.7

-12.9
8.6

5.9
5.1

5.4
2.9

-13.7
5.0

IP (2007=100)
2009
2010
2011

82.9
82.8
87.6

82.9
82.8
88.1

81.1
83.6
88.7

80.3
84.2

79.3
85.2

79.0
85.1

80.0
85.8

80.7
85.8

81.3
86.0

81.2
86.2

81.9
86.3

82.0
87.1

82.3
83.1
88.1

79.5
84.8

80.7
85.9

81.7
86.5

81.1
85.1

125.2
120.5
118.4

124.9
120.1
118.4

124.5
119.8
118.4

124.2
119.5

123.8
119.3

123.4
119.1

122.9
118.9

122.5
118.7

122.1
118.6

121.6
118.5

121.2
118.5

120.8
118.4

124.9
120.1
118.4

123.8
119.3

122.5
118.7

121.2
118.5

123.1
119.2

Utilization
(percent)
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

86.0
81.8
78.8
77.9
80.6

85.0
82.9
78.1
78.6
80.5

84.9
83.0
77.4
79.2
80.2

84.8
82.6
77.5
79.5
80.5

84.0
82.6
78.0
79.8
80.3

84.0
82.6
78.7
79.8
80.1

82.7
82.4
78.9
80.3
80.2

83.2
82.5
78.9
79.8
79.9

82.8
82.3
79.7
79.7
80.3

82.4
81.4
79.4
79.9
80.8

82.3
80.3
79.1
80.1
81.0

82.2
79.5
78.7
79.8
81.3

85.3
82.6
78.1
78.6
80.4

84.3
82.6
78.1
79.7
80.3

82.9
82.4
79.1
79.9
80.1

82.3
80.4
79.1
79.9
81.0

83.7
82.0
78.6
79.5
80.5

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998

81.3
84.5
81.0
82.5
83.7

81.3
84.0
81.9
83.1
83.2

82.1
83.8
81.4
83.5
82.7

82.5
83.3
82.1
82.7
82.5

82.7
83.0
82.3
82.7
82.5

82.7
83.1
82.8
82.7
81.3

82.8
82.2
82.5
82.5
80.3

83.2
82.8
82.6
83.3
81.9

83.1
83.1
82.8
83.4
81.0

83.6
82.5
82.2
83.5
81.3

83.9
82.3
82.6
83.8
80.9

84.5
82.1
82.9
83.6
80.8

81.6
84.1
81.4
83.0
83.2

82.6
83.1
82.4
82.7
82.1

83.0
82.7
82.6
83.1
81.1

84.0
82.3
82.5
83.6
81.0

82.8
83.1
82.3
83.1
81.8

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

80.6
79.9
76.0
73.1
74.9

80.7
79.7
75.6
73.0
74.9

80.1
79.8
75.3
73.6
75.0

79.9
79.9
75.1
73.7
74.2

80.2
79.4
74.5
74.2
74.2

79.5
79.3
74.1
75.0
74.4

79.3
78.9
74.0
74.6
74.4

79.6
78.1
73.4
74.9
74.1

79.1
78.3
73.2
75.0
74.7

80.0
77.8
72.7
74.6
74.6

80.2
77.3
72.5
74.9
75.4

80.3
76.5
72.6
74.4
75.2

80.4
79.8
75.6
73.2
74.9

79.9
79.5
74.6
74.3
74.3

79.4
78.4
73.5
74.8
74.4

80.2
77.2
72.6
74.7
75.1

80.0
78.7
74.1
74.2
74.7

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

75.1
78.5
79.2
78.5
78.6

75.7
79.1
78.9
78.8
78.1

75.5
78.6
78.6
79.1
77.7

76.0
78.6
78.9
79.4
76.7

76.5
78.8
78.3
79.2
76.2

75.9
78.8
78.4
79.5
75.7

76.5
78.5
78.2
79.6
75.0

77.0
78.5
78.3
79.1
74.0

76.8
77.3
78.2
79.4
71.5

77.6
78.3
77.8
78.8
71.3

77.5
78.8
77.7
78.9
69.9

78.0
78.6
78.9
79.0
68.0

75.5
78.7
78.9
78.8
78.2

76.1
78.8
78.5
79.4
76.2

76.7
78.1
78.3
79.4
73.5

77.7
78.6
78.1
78.9
69.7

76.5
78.5
78.5
79.1
74.4

2009
2010
2011

66.2
68.8
74.0

66.4
69.0
74.4

65.1
69.8
74.9

64.7
70.4

64.0
71.4

64.0
71.5

65.1
72.2

65.9
72.3

66.6
72.5

66.8
72.7

67.6
72.8

67.9
73.5

65.9
69.2
74.4

64.3
71.1

65.9
72.3

67.4
73.0

65.9
71.4

IP (percent
change)3
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993

Capacity
(percent of
2007 output)
2009
2010
2011

1. Refer to note on cover page.
2. Selected high-technology industries are computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors and related electronic components.
3. Quarterly changes are at annual rates. Annual changes are calculated from annual averages.

17

value added divided by the average annual IP index.

E XPLANATORY N OTE
The Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization statistical
release, which is published around the middle of the month, reports
measures of output, capacity, and capacity utilization in
manufacturing, mining, and the electric and gas utilities industries.
More detailed descriptions of industrial production and capacity
utilization are available on the Board’s website at
www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17. In addition, the website
includes files containing data shown in the release, more detailed
series that are published in a monthly supplement to the G.17, and
historical data. Instructions on searching for and downloading specific
series are provided as well.

A
Im
A
Im−1

s P
P
I p
I p
P m m−1 × P m m
=
Im−1 pm−1

Im−1 pm

The IP proportions (typically shown in the first column of the relevant
tables in the G.17 release) are estimates of the industries’ relative
contributions to overall growth in the following year. For example, the
relative importance weight of the motor vehicles and parts industry is
about 4 percent. If output in this industry increased 10 percent in a
month, then this gain would boost growth in total IP by 4/10
percentage point (0.04 x 10% = 0.4%). To assist users with
calculations, the Federal Reserve’s web site provides supplemental
monthly statistics that represent the exact proportionate contribution
of a monthly change in a component index to the monthly change in
the total index (www.federalreserve.gov/
releases/G17/ipdisk/IPWeightsSa.txt).

I NDUSTRIAL P RODUCTION
Coverage. The industrial production (IP) index measures the real
output of the manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities
industries; the reference period for the index is 2007. Manufacturing
consists of those industries included in the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) definition of manufacturing plus those
industries— newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing
plus logging—that have traditionally been considered to be
manufacturing. For the period since 1997, the total IP index has been
constructed from 312 individual series based on the 2002 NAICS
codes. These individual series are classified in two ways: (1) market
groups, and (2) industry groups. Market groups consist of products
and materials. Total products are the aggregate of final products, such
as consumer goods and equipment, and nonindustrial supplies (which
are inputs to nonindustrial sectors). Materials are inputs in the
manufacture of products. Major industry groups include three-digit
NAICS industries and aggregates of these industries—for example,
durable and nondurable manufacturing, mining, and utilities. A
complete description of the market and industry structures, including
details regarding series classification, relative importance weights,
and data sources, is available on the Board’s web site
(www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/About.htm).

Timing. The first estimate of output for a month is published around
the 15th of the following month. The estimate is preliminary (denoted
by the superscript “p” in tables) and subject to revision in each of the
subsequent five months as new source data become available.
(Revised estimates are denoted by the superscript “r” in tables.) For
the first estimate of output for a given month, about 70 percent of the
source data (in value-added terms) are available; the fraction of
available source data increases to 84 percent for estimates in the
second month that the estimate is published, 93 percent in the third
month, 97 percent in the fourth month, 98 percent in the fifth month,
and 99 percent in the sixth month. Data availability by data type in
late 2009 is summarized in the table below:
Availability of Monthly IP Data in Publication Window
(Percent of value added in 2009)
Month of estimate

Source data. On a monthly basis, the individual indexes of industrial
production are constructed from two main types of source data: (1)
output measured in physical units and (2) data on inputs to the
production process, from which output is inferred. Data on physical
products, such as tons of steel or barrels of oil, are obtained from
private trade associations and from government agencies; data of this
type are used to estimate monthly IP wherever possible and
appropriate. Production indexes for a few industries are derived by
dividing estimated nominal output (calculated using unit production
and unit values or sales) by a corresponding Fisher price index; the
most notable of these fall within the high-technology grouping and
include computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors.
When suitable direct measures of product are not available, estimates
of output are based on production-worker hours by industry. Data on
hours worked by production workers are collected in the monthly
establishment survey conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The factors used to convert inputs into estimates of production are
based on historical relationships between the inputs and the
comprehensive annual data used to benchmark the IP indexes; these
factors also may be influenced by technological or cyclical
developments. The annual data used in benchmarking the individual
IP indexes are constructed from a variety of source data, such as the
quinquennial Censuses of Manufactures and Mineral Industries and
the Annual Survey of Manufactures, prepared by the Bureau of the
Census; the Minerals Yearbook, prepared by the United States
Geological Survey of the Department of the Interior; and publications
of the Department of Energy.

Type of data

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

Physical product

25

39

48

52

53

53

Production-worker hours

45

45

45

45

45

45

IP data received

70

84

93

97

98

98

IP data estimated

30

16

7

3

2

2

The physical product group includes series based on either monthly or
quarterly data. As can be seen in the first row of the table, in the first
month, a physical product indicator is available for about half of the
series (in terms of value added) that ultimately are based on physical
product data (25 percent out of a total of 53 percent). Of the 25
percent, about two-thirds (19 percent of total IP) include series that
are derived from weekly physical product data and for which actual
monthly data may lag up to several months. On average, quarterly
product data are received for the fourth estimate of industrial
production. Specifically, quarterly data are available for the third
estimate of the last month of a quarter, the fourth estimate of the
second month of a quarter, and the fifth estimate of the first month of
a quarter.
Seasonal adjustment. Individual series are seasonally adjusted using
Census X-12 ARIMA. For series based on production-worker hours,
the current seasonal factors were estimated with data through January
2011; for other series, the factors were estimated with data through at
least December 2010. Series are pre-adjusted for the effects of
holidays or business cycles when appropriate. For the data since 1972,
all seasonally adjusted aggregate indexes are calculated by
aggregating the seasonally adjusted indexes of the individual series.

Aggregation Methodology and Weights. The aggregation method
for the IP index is a version of the Fisher-ideal index formula. (For a
detailed discussion of the aggregation method, see the Federal
Reserve Bulletins of February 1997 and March 2001.) In the IP index,
series that measure the output of an individual industry are combined
using weights derived from their proportion in the total value-added
output of all industries. The IP index, which extends back to 1919, is
built as a chain-type index since 1972. The current formula for the
growth in monthly IP (or any of the sub-aggregates) since 1972 is
A
shown below. An output index for month m is denoted by Im
for
aggregate A and Im for each of its components. The monthly price
measure in the formula (pm ) is interpolated from an annual series of

Reliability. The average revision to the level of the total IP index,
without regard to sign, between the first and the fourth estimates was
0.26 percent during the 1987–2009 period. The average revision to
the percent change in total IP, without regard to sign, from the first to
the fourth estimates was 0.21 percentage point during the 1987–2009

18

utilization rates for many years. This was a survey of large companies
that reported, on average, higher utilization rates than those reported
by establishments covered by the Census Bureau’s annual Survey of
Plant Capacity (the predecessor to the QSPC) for the fourteen years
they overlapped. Adjustments have been made to keep the industry
utilization rates currently reported by the Federal Reserve roughly in
line with rates formerly reported by McGraw-Hill. As a consequence,
the rates reported by the Federal Reserve tend to be higher than the
rates reported in the QSPC.

period. In most cases (about 85 percent), the direction of the change
in output indicated by the first estimate for a given month is the same
as that shown by the fourth estimate.
Rounding. The published percent changes are calculated from
unrounded indexes, and may not be the same as percent changes
calculated from the rounded indexes shown in the release.
C APACITY U TILIZATION

Perspective. Over the 1972–2010 period, the average total industry
utilization rate is 80.4 percent; for manufacturing, the average factory
operating rate has been 79.0 percent. Industrial plants usually operate
at capacity utilization rates that are well below 100 percent: none of
the broad aggregates has ever reached 100 percent. For total industry
and total manufacturing, utilization rates have exceeded 90 percent
only in wartime. The highs and lows in capacity utilization shown in
table 7 are specific to each series and do not all occur in the same
month.

Overview. The Federal Reserve Board constructs estimates of
capacity and capacity utilization for industries in manufacturing,
mining, and electric and gas utilities. For a given industry, the
capacity utilization rate is equal to an output index (seasonally
adjusted) divided by a capacity index. The Federal Reserve Board’s
capacity indexes attempt to capture the concept of sustainable
maximum output—the greatest level of output a plant can maintain
within the framework of a realistic work schedule, after factoring in
normal downtime and assuming sufficient availability of inputs to
operate the capital in place.

R EFERENCES AND R ELEASE DATES
Coverage. Capacity indexes are constructed for 89 detailed industries
(71 in manufacturing, 16 in mining, and 2 in utilities), which mostly
correspond to industries at the three- and four-digit NAICS level.
Estimates of capacity and utilization are available for a variety of
groups, including durable and nondurable manufacturing, total
manufacturing, mining, utilities, and total industry. Manufacturing
consists of those industries included in the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) definition of manufacturing plus those
industries— newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing
plus logging—that have traditionally been considered to be
manufacturing. Also, special aggregates are available, such as
high-technology industries and manufacturing excluding
high-technology industries.

References. The release for the annual revision that was published on
June 25, 2010 is available on the Board’s website (www.federal
reserve.gov/releases/g17/revisions/Current/DefaultRev.htm). The
annual revision published in March 2009 is provided in the Federal
Reserve Bulletin, vol. 95 (August 2009), pp. A125–A145. The annual
revision published in March 2008 is described in an article published
in the Federal Reserve Bulletin, vol. 94 (August 2008), pp. A41–A60.
A summary of the annual revision that incorporated back to 1972
production and capacity indexes reclassified according to the North
American Industry Classification System is available in an article in
the Federal Reserve Bulletin, vol. 89 (April 2003), pp. 151–176. A
description of the aggregation methods for industrial production and
capacity utilization is included in an article in the Federal Reserve
Bulletin, vol. 83 (February 1997), pp. 67–92. The Federal Reserve
methodology for constructing industry-level measures of capital is
detailed in “Capital Stock Estimates for Manufacturing Industries:
Methods and Data” by Mike Mohr and Charles Gilbert (1996), which
can be obtained at:
www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/CapitalStockDocLatest.pdf.

Source Data. The monthly rates of capacity utilization are designed
to be consistent with both the monthly data on production and the
periodically available data on capacity and utilization. Because there
is no direct monthly information on overall industrial capacity or
utilization rates, the Federal Reserve first estimates annual capacity
indexes from the source data. Capacity data reported in physical units
from government sources (primarily from the U.S. Geological Survey
and the Department of Energy’s Energy Information Administration)
and trade sources are available for portions of several industries in
manufacturing (e.g., paper, industrial chemicals, petroleum refining,
motor vehicles), as well as for electric utilities and mining; these
industries represent about 25 percent of total industrial capacity.
When physical product data are unavailable for manufacturing
industries, capacity indexes are based on responses to the Bureau of
the Census’s Quarterly Survey of Plant Capacity (QSPC); these
industries account for a bit less than 70 percent of total industry
capacity. In the absence of utilization data for a few mining and
petroleum series, capacity is based on trends through peaks in
production (roughly 5 percent of total industry capacity). A detailed
description of the methodology used to construct the capacity indexes
is available on the Board’s web site
(www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/CapNotes.htm).

Industrial Production—1986 Edition contains a more detailed
description of the other methods used to compile the industrial
production index, plus a history of its development, a glossary of
terms, and a bibliography. The major revisions to the IP indexes and
capacity utilization since 1990 have been described in the Federal
Reserve Bulletin (April 1990, June 1990, June 1993, March 1994,
January 1995, January 1996, February 1997, February 1998, January
1999, March 2000, March 2001, March 2002, April 2003, Winter
2004, Winter 2005, March 2006, May 2007, August 2008).
Release Schedule
At 9:15 a.m. on
2011: January 14, February 16, March 17, April 15, May 17, June 15,
July 15, August 16, September 15, October 17, November 16, and
December 15.

Aggregation Methodology. Monthly capacity aggregates are
calculated in three steps: (1) utilization aggregates are calculated on
an annual basis through the most recent full year as capacity-weighted
aggregates of individual utilization rates; (2) the annual aggregate
capacity is derived from the corresponding production and utilization
aggregates; (3) the monthly capacity aggregate is obtained by
interpolating the annual capacity aggregate with a Fisher index of its
constituent monthly capacity series. Utilization rates for the
individual series and aggregates are calculated by dividing the
pertinent monthly production index by the related capacity index.
Consistency. A major aim is that the Federal Reserve utilization rates
be consistent over time so that, for example, a rate of 85 percent
means about the same degree of tightness that it meant in the past. A
major task for the Federal Reserve in developing reasonable and
consistent time series of capacity and utilization is dealing with
inconsistencies between the movements of the industrial production
index and the survey-based utilization rates. The McGraw-Hill/DRI
Survey, now discontinued, was the primary source of manufacturing

19