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Extended Mass Layoffs in 2005 U.S. Department of Labor U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics September 2006 Report 997 Introduction The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) conducts the Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program to provide information on large-scale private nonfarm layoff events and on the characteristics of dislocated workers. Each month, BLS reports on the number of mass layoff events by employers, and each quarter there is a separate report on the number and characteristics of those private nonfarm mass layoffs that last more than 30 days. This report summarizes and analyzes the quarterly data for 2005. It provides information on the industry, geographic distribution, and size of private nonfarm mass layoffs; the demographic characteristics of those claiming unemployment insurance; the duration of certified unemployment; the expectation of recall; the extent of permanent worksite closures; the reason for the layoff; and the movement-of-work actions taken by employers. Extended mass layoffs, as defined in the MLS program, are layoffs of at least 31 days’ duration that involve the filing of initial claims for unemployment insurance by 50 or more individuals from a single establishment during a consecutive 5-week period. Since 2004, the detailed mass layoff reports no longer cover government and agricultural layoffs. In 2005, employers laid off 884,356 workers in 4,881 private nonfarm extended mass layoff events. Layoff activity decreased from the previous year, with the number of separations reaching its lowest level since the program resumed in 1996. (See table 1.) Twenty-nine States reported over-the-year declines in the number of workers laid off, with 13 of those States reaching series lows in 2005. The single largest contributor to layoffs was the ending of seasonal work, accounting for 40 percent of all private nonfarm worker separations. Between 34,194 and 53,628 workers lost their jobs in extended mass layoffs because their employers moved work to other U.S. locations or to locations outside of the U.S., either within the same company or to other companies. Layoff activity involving permanent worksite closures accounted for 11 percent of all layoff events and affected 107,325 workers in 2005, the lowest level ever recorded in the program. In 2005, the national unemployment rate was 5.1 percent; a year earlier it was 5.5 percent. Private nonfarm payroll employment increased by 1.7 percent or about 1.8 million jobs from 2004 to 2005. This report uses the new metropolitan area definitions as defined by the Office of Management and Budget in Bulletin 06-01. Additional information about the program is provided in the technical note that follows the tables and on the program’s website. Highlights Industry distribution of 2005 mass layoffs • Manufacturing establishments accounted for 26 percent of layoff events and 25 percent of separations in 2005, down slightly from 29 percent of events and 26 percent of separations in 2004. The percentages in 2005 were the lowest recorded for this sector since annual data became available in 1996. Food manufacturing (mostly fruit and vegetable canning and freezing) and transportation equipment (largely in automobiles) firms accounted for 42 percent of the separations in manufacturing in 2005. When compared with 2004, food manufacturing registered the largest decrease (13,233) in manufacturing separations. (See tables 2 and 3.) • Construction (mainly heavy and civil engineering and specialty trade contractors) accounted for 20 percent of private nonfarm mass layoff events and 14 percent of separations. The number of laid-off construction workers, 122,389, in 2005, was slightly higher than last year. (See table 2.) Eighty-six percent of all construction layoffs were due to the ending of seasonal work and the completion of contracts. Employers expected a recall in 80 percent of the construction layoff events. • Administrative and waste services accounted for 10 percent of all private nonfarm layoff events and 11 percent of all separations, largely reflecting the completion of contracts in temporary help agencies and professional employer organizations. (See table 2.) Both the number of events (505) and separations (93,554) reached their lowest levels in administration and waste services since 2000. 1 • Manufacturers and distributors of clothing reported laying off 33,657 workers, the lowest level ever recorded in the program. (See table 2.) The ending of seasonal work accounted for the largest number of separations in this industry group. The South registered the highest number of laid-off workers (12,197), followed by the Midwest (10,747). • Employers involved in food processing and distribution, excluding agriculture, accounted for 13 percent of all private nonfarm separations, representing 121,537 workers. The number of such laid-off workers decreased by 33 percent, and compares with a program-high of 180,333 workers in 2004. (See tables 2 and 3.) Reason for layoff • Employers citing the end of seasonal work as the reason for layoff accounted for 37 percent of layoff events and 40 percent of separations (355,831 workers), the highest annual shares in the program. (See table 7.) Compared with 2004, the number of workers laid off because seasonal work ended increased by 6 percent, while the number of workers in total private nonfarm layoffs decreased (11 percent). Three industries accounted for 31 percent of workers separated because seasonal work ended: Heavy and civil engineering construction, amusements, gambling, and recreation, and food manufacturing. • Of the major sectors, retail trade recorded the largest decrease (64,138) in worker separations between 2004 and 2005, followed by manufacturing (31,372) and administrative and waste services (19,811). Among those sectors showing gains over the year arts, entertainment, and recreation had the largest increase (14,371) in the number of separated workers . This was due, in part, to the affects of Hurricane Katrina. (See table 3.) In 2005, manufacturing, finance and insurance, wholesale trade, and mining industries reached their lowest annual totals in terms of separated workers. Arts, entertainment, and recreation and educational services establishments reached program highs. • Both the number of events (773) and separations (149,419) due to internal company restructuring reached their lowest levels in the program. (See table 7.) These layoffs occurred largely in transportation equipment, food manufacturing, credit intermediation and related services, air transportation, and food and beverage stores. Employers in California reported the largest number of workers laid off due to restructuring, followed by Illinois, Florida, New York, and New Jersey. • Of the four information technology-producing industries (computer hardware, software and computer services, communications equipment, and communications services), firms involved in computer hardware had the largest number of laid-off workers (11,928) in 2005. Layoffs in communications services reported the largest decrease (9,541) from a year ago and reached its lowest level of separations since 2000. (See table 4.) • In 2005, the number of workers separated due to the completion of a contract (115,988) reached it lowest level since 2000. (See table 7.) The largest number of separations due to contract completion occurred in administrative and support services (temporary help services and professional employer organizations), followed by specialty trade contractors. • Among the 88 three-digit NAICS-coded industry groups in the private nonfarm economy identified in the MLS program, 47 posted decreases in the number of separated workers during 2005. Decreases were registered by food and beverage stores (the largest decrease at 47,759 workers), followed by administrative and support services (20,957) and general merchandise stores (17,503). Thirtyfive industries registered increases, led by amusements, gambling, and recreation (12,734) and air transportation (10,176). • Layoffs due to a nonseasonal lack of demand for products and services (slack work) decreased for the fourth straight year, reaching its lowest level in the program. (See tables 7 and 8.) Transportation equipment recorded the largest number of separations (13,599) due to slack work. • The largest declines in layoffs, by reason for layoff, were in contract completed (54,204), reorganization within the company (26,054), labor dispute (20,646), and financial difficulty (18,158). Layoffs due to inclement weather, almost exclusively due to the effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, showed the largest increase (53,629) in worker separations, followed by those due to the ending of seasonal work (21,442). (See tables 7 and 8.) • Among the three-digit NAICS industries experiencing increases in worker separations, amusements, gambling, and recreation and social assistance moved into the top 10 in terms of worker separations. These industries replaced general merchandise stores and food and beverage stores on that list. (See table 5.) • The impacts of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita were first seen in the MLS program through initial claims filings against establishments in the most severely affected states—Louisiana and Mississippi. Total potential events in the period from August 28 through December 31, 2005, reached 964, with 136,930 initial claims filed. Private nonfarm extended mass layoffs directly or indirectly due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita totaled 358 events and 57,551 separations in the period. The majority of the extended mass layoff • Among the six-digit NAICS industries registering increases in worker separations, tax preparation services, mail-order houses, and child day care services moved into the top 10 in terms of separations. Exiting the top ten on the list were supermarkets and other grocery stores, fruit and vegetable canning, and department stores, except discount. (See table 6.) 2 activity occurred in September, and all of the events were from Louisiana and Mississippi employers. Accommodation and food service establishments reported the highest number of worker separations due to the hurricanes, followed by retail trade and healthcare and social assistance. (In response to the interview, many employers identified as having potential layoff events responded that the layoff was temporary [less than 31 days] or did not occur at all.) number of separations associated with movement of work, remained about the same as last year. • Benefit exhaustion rates were higher for claimants in layoffs involving the movement of work than in layoffs in which the employer responded work did not move. In movement-of-work events, the older the claimant, the more likely they were to exhaust benefits. In events where work did not move, benefit exhaustion rates were similar for claimants of all ages, with the exception of the oldest age category (55 years of age or older). (See table 13.) • Illinois accounted for the largest number of separations due to the ending of seasonal work, followed by New York, Ohio, California, Wisconsin, Colorado, and New Jersey. Florida and Illinois accounted for the highest number of separations in layoffs due to the completion of contracts. Illinois and California registered the largest number of separations due to company reorganizations. (See table 9.) • In the 277 layoff events involving movement of work, 363 relocations of work were identified. (Movement of work can involve more than one relocation.) Of these relocations, employers were able to provide information on the separations associated with the movement of work component of the layoff in 259 actions, or 71 percent of the total actions for 2005. Thus, a range of 34,194 (separations in movement of work actions where the employer was able to provide specific detail) to 53,628 (total separations in all layoff events that included movement of work) is established for separations due to the movement of work in 2005. (See table 14.) Movement of work • There were 277 extended mass layoff events in 2005 involving movement of work. This was about 9 percent of all nonseasonal and non-vacation period layoff events and resulted in the separation of 53,628 workers. Compared with 2004, both the number of events and separations that reported movement of work dropped by about 25 percent. (See tables 10 and 14.) • Of the 259 relocations of work with separations reported, domestic relocations of work accounted for 63 percent of the actions and resulted in the separation of 21,470 workers. Eighty percent of the domestic actions and associated separations were the result of moving work within the same company. Employers cited California more than any other State as the location to which work was moving, followed by Georgia, Texas, and Tennessee. (See table 15.) • Among the 277 layoff events with reported relocation of work, 55 percent involved the permanent closure of worksites, affecting 27,716 workers. In sharp contrast, only 15 percent of nonseasonal/nonvacation period layoffs where there was no movement of work resulted in a closure. • Manufacturing industries accounted for 64 percent of the events and 60 percent of separations in which work moved, largely in transportation equipment, computer and electronic products, and food manufacturing. In contrast, manufacturing accounted for only 29 percent of events and separations in nonseasonal/non-vacation period layoffs with no movement of work. (See table 10.) • Out-of-country relocations accounted for 35 percent of the movement-of-work actions among the 259 relocations of work with separations reported and resulted in 12,030 laid-off workers. Seventy-five percent of the out-of-country actions and 78 percent of separations were due to withincompany relocations. (See table 15.) Mexico and China were cited 68 percent of the time as the destination to which work was moving. • Internal company restructuring (mostly reorganization within the company) accounted for 70 percent of events and separations associated with the movement of work.. In contrast, 21 percent of events and 24 percent of separations were due to internal company restructuring in nonseasonal/nonvacation period layoffs with no movement of work. (See table 11.) Size of layoff • Layoff events in 2005 continued to be concentrated among the smaller sized layoffs, with 63 percent involving fewer than 150 workers. This figure has remained fairly consistent since 1996, ranging from 59 to 63 percent annually. These layoff events, however, accounted for only 31 percent of all separations, slightly higher than in 2004 (27 percent). The 263 layoff events involving 500 or more workers accounted for 28 percent of all separations. (See table 16.) • The Midwest led all regions in terms of separations (16,612) where there was some movement of work, followed closely by the South (15,999). (See table 12.) The Midwest,, South, and West regions all experienced large over-the-year declines (33, 31, and 27 percent, respectively) in the number of laid-off workers in events experiencing some movement of work. The Northeast region, which recorded the lowest • The average number of separations per layoff event in 2005 was 181, the lowest on record. Among private sector establishments, arts, entertainment, and recreation reported 3 the largest average layoff size per layoff event, 386 workers, followed by professional and technical services (268 workers) and educational services (238 workers). Establishments with the smallest average layoff size were those in construction (127 workers) and in wholesale trade (131 workers). (See table 17.) all claimants from extended mass layoffs. The proportion of these claimants in this age group was highest among management of companies and enterprises, information, and construction establishments. (See table 20.) Duration of insured unemployment • North Carolina had the longest duration of insured unemployment associated with extended mass layoff events (as measured by the average number of continued claims for unemployment insurance following the initial claim), followed by Tennessee and West Virginia. Claimants experiencing the shortest jobless duration (as measured by the average number of continued claims) were separated from employers located in Kentucky, Nebraska, Hawaii, and Alaska. (See table 21.) • Employers citing model changeover as the reason for layoff had the highest average layoff size per layoff event (362 workers), followed by those reporting labor dispute (344 workers), energy-related (246 workers), and bankruptcy (238 workers). Layoffs due to a slack work and plant or machine repair averaged the fewest separations per layoff event (131 and 133 workers, respectively). (See table 17.) • Employers reporting the worksite as permanently closed averaged 192 separations per layoff event, the smallest on record. (See table 17.) • Georgia reported the largest proportion of claimants exhausting unemployment insurance benefits (32 percent), followed by Wyoming (29 percent), Louisiana (28 percent), and North Carolina (28 percent). States registering the lowest percentages of exhaustees were Mississippi, Alaska, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Delaware. (See table 21.) Initial claimants • There were 833,000 initial claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events in 2005. Of these, 43 percent were women, 17 percent were black, 13 percent were Hispanic, and 18 percent were 55 years of age or older. Thirty-six percent of claimants were between the ages of 30 and 44. (See tables 18 and 20.) Of the total civilian labor force in 2005, 46 percent were women, 11 percent were black, 13 percent were Hispanic, and 16 percent were 55 years of age or older. Thirty-five percent of the civilian labor force was between the ages of 30 and 44. • The longest average jobless duration (based on the average number of continued claims) was experienced by claimants laid off from finance and insurance companies. Claimants laid off from real estate and rental and leasing had the shortest spells of jobless duration, followed closely by mining, construction, and manufacturing. (See table 22.) • Benefit exhaustion rates were highest among workers in finance and insurance and in professional and technical services, while workers laid off in mining and in construction had the lowest rates. (See table 22.) • The percentage of claimants who were white remained unchanged from 2004 at 59 percent. Persons of Hispanic origin accounted for 13 percent of the claimants involved in extended mass layoff events. The percentage of Hispanic claimants was highest in administrative and waste services (21 percent), followed by health care and social services (19 percent) and wholesale trade (18 percent). (See table 19.) • Claimants laid off due to natural disasters and business ownership change had the longest jobless duration. The shortest duration occurred in layoffs due to environmental concerns and to the nonseasonal lack of demand for products and services (slack work). (See table 22.) • The proportion of Black claimants increased to 17 percent from 15 percent in 2004. Establishments providing educational services reported the highest percentage of black claimants (39 percent), followed by healthcare and social assistance (32 percent). With respect to the reason for layoff, high percentages of black claimants were associated with layoffs due to issues related to the environment and inclement weather. (See table 19.) • Benefit exhaustion rates were high for claimants involved in worksite closures. Claimants in layoffs from which employers did not expect a recall had higher benefit exhaustion rates compared with workers in events from which a recall was expected. (See table 22.) • Among the 50 largest metropolitan statistical areas in terms of the level of initial claims in extended mass layoff events, claimants laid off from establishments in CharlotteGastonia-Concord, NC-SC led the list of those with the longest jobless duration, followed by Tampa-St. PetersburgClearwater, FL, San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA, SeattleTacoma-Bellevue, WA, and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA. Claimants in Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA- • Eighteen percent of all claimants were aged 55 and over in 2005, up slightly from 17 percent in 2004. The proportions of these older claimants were highest in professional and technical services, arts, entertainment, and recreation, and in transportation and warehousing. Claimants between the ages of 30 and 44 accounted for 36 percent of 4 • Sixty percent of events and 53 percent of separations occurred in metropolitan areas, an increase from 2004, when 56 percent of events and 47 percent of separations occurred in such areas. Among the 367 metropolitan areas, New Orleans-Metaire-Kenner, reported the highest number of separations (48,175), largely from food services and drinking places and from administrative and support services. New Orleans-Metaire-Kenner, St. Louis, and Gulfport-Biloxi entered the top 10 metropolitan areas in terms of laid-off workers, while Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, BuffaloNiagara Falls, and San Francisco-Oakland-Freemont dropped out of the top 10. (See table 27.) NJ and Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, PA had the shortest duration of unemployment. Benefit exhaustion rates were highest in Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL, New OrleansMetairie-Kenner, LA, Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL, and Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA. (See table 23.) • Claimants aged 55 years or older were more likely to exhaust benefits than the other age groups. Women had higher exhaustion rates than men did. Black claimants had higher benefit exhaustion rates than any other race or ethnic category. (See table 24.) Geographic distribution • In 2005, for the second consecutive year, employers in the Midwest reported the highest number of separations, largely due to layoffs in manufacturing and in construction. (See table 25.) The Northeast continued to have the lowest numbers of events and separations. Excluding the impact of seasonal layoffs, the South (195,660) and Midwest (151,968) had the highest levels of separated workers in extended mass layoff events. Recall expectations • In 2005, employers expected a recall in over one-half of all extended mass layoff events, the highest percentage since 1997. Industries where the expectation of recall was highest following a layoff included mining (91 percent), construction (80 percent), and arts, entertainment, and recreation (78 percent). Layoffs in the finance and insurance (8 percent) sector and information (18 percent) sector had the lowest percentages of recall expectation. Excluding seasonal and vacation-period layoffs (in which a recall was expected 95 percent of the time), a recall was expected in 32 percent of events, up from 27 percent in 2004. (See tables 28 and 29.) • Compared to 2004, decreases in the number of separations occurred in three of the four regions, with the West reporting the largest decrease (114,353), mostly due to fewer layoffs in food and beverage stores and in general merchandise stores. Five of the nine geographic divisions reported a decrease in separations from 2004, with the largest declines in the Pacific (119,635), South Atlantic (24,682), and Middle Atlantic (12,119) divisions. (See table 25.) • Of those establishments expecting a recall, 48 percent indicated that all workers would eventually be recalled, and 91 percent expected to recall at least half of the workers. (See table 28.) • Employers citing business ownership change, bankruptcy, reorganization within company, and financial difficulty as the reason for the layoff had the lowest percentages of recall expectation. Layoffs due to environment-related, nonnatural disaster, vacation period, seasonal and plant or machine repair registered the highest recall expectations. (See table 29.) • Illinois had the largest number of worker separations, 101,106, largely in administrative and support services. The States with the next-highest totals of separations (including seasonal layoffs) were California (80,682), New York (70,565), and Florida (70,295). (See table 26.) When the substantial impact of seasonal layoffs is excluded, California had the highest separations total for 2005 (58,359 workers), followed by Florida (56,959) and Louisiana (55,707). • Manufacturing industries accounted for 34 percent of all events and 33 percent of the separations from which the employer did not expect a recall. Layoffs without an expectation of recall occurred mainly in transportation equipment, computer and electronic products, and food manufacturing. Administrative and waste services accounted for an additional 17 percent of the laid-off workers where no recall was expected, mostly in professional employer organizations. (See table 30.) • Thirteen States reached their lowest annual totals of laid-off workers since annual data became available in 1996, while Louisiana, Mississippi and Wyoming reached new highs. The large increase in the number of laid-off workers in Louisiana and Mississippi were primarily due to the effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Twenty-nine States had over-the-year declines in the number of laid-off workers, led by California (126,105), Florida (15,137), Pennsylvania (11,631), and Georgia (9,562). Of the 21 States and the District of Columbia reporting an over-the-year increase in the number of laid-off workers, Louisiana (48,069), Mississippi (11,576), Ohio (7,168), and Colorado (6,720) experienced the sharpest gains. (See table 26.) • Internal company restructuring was the reason cited most frequently for layoffs from which no recall is expected, accounting for 46 percent of such layoff events and 48 percent of separations. Layoffs due to contract completion accounted for an additional 22 percent of layoffs events 5 fabricated metals, machinery, and primary metals moved into the top 10 three-digit NAICS industries in terms of the number of laid-off workers in permanent closures. These industries replaced apparel manufacturing, food services and drinking places, and telecommunications. (See table 33.) with no expectation of recall and 20 percent of separations. (See table 30.) Permanent worksite closures • Employers reported that 11 percent of all extended mass layoff events resulted in a permanent closure of the worksite, affecting 107,325 workers. The number of workers involved in closures reached its lowest level in the program. (See table 31.) • California registered the highest number of separations in permanent closure-related events (15,027), followed by Florida (12,172) and New York (10,309). California reported the largest decrease (14,041) in separations due to closures, while. New York had the largest increase (3,916) in laid-off workers due to closures. (See table 34.) Twenty States and the District of Columbia reached their lowest closure-related separation levels in the program in 2005. • Separations in permanent closures in 2005 were due mainly to internal company restructuring. (See table 31.) • Manufacturing accounted for 44 percent of events and 45 percent of separations resulting in a worksite closure in 2005. These events occurred largely in transportation equipment, food manufacturing, fabricated metal products, and computer and electronic products. Retail trade accounted for 13 percent of the layoff events and 16 percent of separations resulting from closures during the year, largely in food and beverage stores. (See table 32.) Six major industry sectors (manufacturing, mining, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, utilities, and wholesale trade) reached series lows in terms of closure-related separated workers in 2005. • • Among the 367 Metropolitan Areas, employers in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA reported the highest number of separations (10,202) in permanent closure-related events, followed by Los AngelesLong Beach-Santa Ana, CA (5,102). Tampa-St. PetersburgClearwater and Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario (CA) entered the top 5 metropolitan areas this year in terms of workers laid off in permanent closures, replacing MiamiFort Lauderdale-Miami Beach and Las Vegas-Paradise. (See table 35.) In 2005, manufacturing establishments producing 6 Table 1. Numbers of extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 1997–2005 Year/quarter Events 1 1 Separations Initial claimants for 1 unemployment insurance 1997 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,141 1,303 851 1,376 226,735 280,255 172,392 268,461 196,722 246,916 172,211 263,982 Total…………………………… 4,671 947,843 879,831 1998 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,115 1,333 1,028 1,383 178,251 336,536 201,186 275,272 206,366 361,822 219,763 268,511 Total…………………………… 4,859 991,245 1,056,462 1999 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,262 1,194 898 1,202 230,711 246,251 184,429 240,060 213,535 205,043 156,123 222,216 Total…………………………… 4,556 901,451 796,917 2000 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,081 1,055 817 1,638 202,500 205,861 174,628 332,973 180,205 186,759 158,394 320,909 Total…………………………… 4,591 915,962 846,267 2001 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,546 1,828 1,629 2,372 304,171 430,499 330,391 459,771 306,535 358,611 336,298 456,068 Total…………………………… 7,375 1,524,832 1,457,512 2002 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,611 1,624 1,186 1,916 299,266 344,606 255,152 373,307 292,998 299,598 254,955 370,592 Total…………………………… 6,337 1,272,331 1,218,143 2003 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,502 1,799 1,190 1,690 286,947 368,273 236,333 325,333 297,608 348,966 227,909 326,328 Total…………………………… 6,181 1,216,886 1,200,811 2004 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,339 1,358 886 1,427 276,503 278,831 164,608 273,967 238,392 254,063 148,575 262,049 Total…………………………… 5,010 993,909 903,079 2005 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,142 1,203 1,136 1,400 186,506 245,878 201,878 250,094 185,486 212,452 190,119 244,943 Total…………………………… 4,881 884,356 833,000 1 Data on layoffs were reported by employers in all States and the District of Columbia. 7 Table 2. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2003-05 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Industry 2003 2004 2005 2003 6,181 5,010 4,881 1,216,886 993,909 884,356 1,200,811 903,079 833,000 Mining……………………………………………………… 51 22 Utilities……………………………………………………… Construction……………………………………………… 943 Manufacturing……………………………………………… 2,103 347 Food……………………………………………………… 32 Beverage and tobacco products ……………………… 74 Textile mills……………………………………………… 26 Textile product mills…………………………………… 107 Apparel ………………………………………………… 11 Leather and allied products …………………………… 87 Wood products ………………………………………… 47 Paper …………………………………………………… 48 Printing and related support activities………………… 20 Petroleum and coal products ………………………… 49 Chemicals ……………………………………………… 40 13 870 1,467 310 21 40 26 69 11 38 43 41 21 48 44 13 960 1,292 273 13 37 24 47 6 49 29 39 19 31 8,065 2,977 132,076 384,329 78,224 5,121 16,639 4,226 16,959 1,470 10,712 7,031 5,661 3,142 9,599 6,123 2,964 118,998 254,430 64,050 4,505 6,140 4,546 11,583 1,873 4,587 5,750 5,764 2,781 6,566 5,906 1,818 122,389 223,058 50,817 2,489 5,256 3,110 7,024 887 7,547 3,416 4,763 2,513 5,519 8,702 2,973 148,416 407,046 67,263 5,161 17,461 4,200 16,161 1,243 13,675 6,767 6,343 3,156 8,022 5,423 2,585 135,574 261,913 60,690 3,122 7,416 5,015 9,132 1,921 5,659 5,590 5,461 3,150 6,051 5,470 1,776 135,314 242,113 52,453 2,041 7,245 4,253 6,040 774 8,287 3,258 5,454 2,902 4,759 1 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................... 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005 Plastics and rubber products ………………………… Nonmetallic mineral products ………………………… Primary metal …………………………………………… Fabricated metal products …………………………… Machinery……………………………………………… Computer and electronic products …………………… Electrical equipment and appliance…………………… Transportation equipment …………………………… Furniture and related products ……………………… Miscellaneous manufacturing………………………… 72 105 117 124 130 253 73 232 85 64 78 70 49 94 63 95 49 189 73 39 63 82 35 77 72 79 40 196 52 29 8,576 15,874 22,812 16,882 24,523 42,370 13,028 58,728 13,047 9,705 10,336 11,269 8,217 13,549 9,195 14,979 11,396 40,636 10,761 5,947 7,731 12,226 6,752 10,291 12,427 14,230 10,537 42,968 8,467 4,088 9,863 17,319 23,339 17,514 26,728 44,395 13,330 78,611 17,623 8,872 9,782 11,592 8,046 13,240 9,959 16,370 15,073 48,255 11,190 5,199 8,681 12,483 5,234 10,883 13,974 12,992 12,556 55,742 8,372 3,730 Wholesale trade…………………………………………… Retail trade………………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing………………………… Information………………………………………………… Finance and insurance…………………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing……………………… Professional and technical services……………………… Management of companies and enterprises…………… Administrative and waste services……………………… Educational services……………………………………… Health care and social assistance……………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation……………………… Accommodation and food services……………………… Other services, except public administration…………… 169 413 352 256 208 22 208 20 665 27 238 137 247 93 94 344 278 170 158 13 151 21 545 16 284 138 314 88 102 336 300 114 110 19 156 14 505 22 307 135 357 94 30,639 127,235 87,918 66,179 40,049 3,645 40,252 3,896 147,920 4,915 32,518 37,643 53,215 12,286 15,908 143,671 59,098 36,593 34,145 3,889 33,199 3,688 113,365 1,429 44,213 37,687 68,855 14,906 13,345 79,533 67,453 23,041 18,882 2,667 41,800 2,178 93,554 5,227 42,918 52,058 74,711 13,618 24,103 134,581 89,305 65,538 38,651 2,915 34,975 4,106 128,101 4,334 28,124 18,289 48,313 11,347 12,241 90,414 57,789 37,968 32,040 3,405 30,605 3,453 104,880 1,589 33,530 16,916 61,004 11,221 13,565 71,265 58,006 22,671 19,938 3,618 31,717 1,865 93,596 3,181 33,935 18,801 63,366 12,623 7 6 1 1,129 748 200 992 529 180 359 666 232 638 182 632 95,992 164,239 59,683 180,333 33,657 121,537 95,752 156,568 54,075 134,106 35,571 118,011 Unclassified ……………………………………………… 2 Selected industry groupings Clothing manufacturing and distribution ………………… Food processing and distribution…………………………… 1 2 See footnote 1, table 1. See the Technical Note for descriptions of these industry groupings. 8 Table 3. Over-the-year change in extended mass layoffs separations by industry, private nonfarm sector, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 2003-2004 2004-2005 Industry Level change 1 Percent change Level change Percent change Total, private nonfarm ................................................ -222,977 -18.3 -109,553 -11.0 Mining........................................................................ Utilities....................................................................... Construction.............................................................. Manufacturing............................................................ Food...................................................................... Beverage and tobacco products............................ Textile mills............................................................ Textile product mills............................................... Apparel.................................................................. Leather and allied products................................... Wood products...................................................... Paper..................................................................... Printing and related support activities................... Petroleum and coal products................................. Chemicals.............................................................. -1,942 -13 -13,078 -129,899 -14,174 -616 -10,499 320 -5,376 403 -6,125 -1,281 103 -361 -3,033 -24.1 -0.4 -9.9 -33.8 -18.1 -12.0 -63.1 7.6 -31.7 27.4 -57.2 -18.2 1.8 -11.5 -31.6 -217 -1,146 3,391 -31,372 -13,233 -2,016 -884 -1,436 -4,559 -986 2,960 -2,334 -1,001 -268 -1,047 -3.5 -38.7 2.8 -12.3 -20.7 -44.8 -14.4 -31.6 -39.4 -52.6 64.5 -40.6 -17.4 -9.6 -15.9 Plastics and rubber products................................. Nonmetallic mineral products................................ Primary metal........................................................ Fabricated metal products..................................... Machinery.............................................................. Computer and electronic products........................ Electrical equipment and appliance...................... Transportation equipment..................................... Furniture and related products.............................. Miscellaneous manufacturing................................ 1,760 -4,605 -14,595 -3,333 -15,328 -27,391 -1,632 -18,092 -2,286 -3,758 20.5 -29.0 -64.0 -19.7 -62.5 -64.6 -12.5 -30.8 -17.5 -38.7 -2,605 957 -1,465 -3,258 3,232 -749 -859 2,332 -2,294 -1,859 -25.2 8.5 -17.8 -24.0 35.1 -5.0 -7.5 5.7 -21.3 -31.3 Wholesale trade........................................................ Retail trade................................................................ Transportation and warehousing............................... Information................................................................ Finance and insurance.............................................. Real estate and rental and leasing............................ Professional and technical services.......................... Management of companies and enterprises............. Administrative and waste services............................ Educational services................................................. Health care and social assistance............................. Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... Accommodation and food services........................... Other services, except public administration............. -14,731 16,436 -28,820 -29,586 -5,904 244 -7,053 -208 -34,555 -3,486 11,695 44 15,640 2,620 -48.1 12.9 -32.8 -44.7 -14.7 6.7 -17.5 -5.3 -23.4 -70.9 36.0 0.1 29.4 21.3 -2,563 -64,138 8,355 -13,552 -15,263 -1,222 8,601 -1,510 -19,811 3,798 -1,295 14,371 5,856 -1,288 -16.1 -44.6 14.1 -37.0 -44.7 -31.4 25.9 -40.9 -17.5 265.8 -2.9 38.1 8.5 -8.6 Unclassified .............................................................. -381 -33.7 -548 -73.3 -36,309 16,094 -37.8 9.8 -26,026 -58,796 -43.6 -32.6 2 Selected industry groupings Clothing manufacturing and distribution ……………… Food processing and distribution………………………… 1 2 See footnote 1, table 1. See the Technical Note for descriptions of these industry groupings. 9 Table 4. Information technology-producing industries: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 1996-2005 Year Total extended mass layoffs Layoff events 1996 ...................................... 1997 ...................................... 1998 ...................................... 1999 ...................................... 2000 ...................................... 2001 ...................................... 2002 ...................................... 2003 ...................................... 2004 ...................................... 2005 ...................................... 4,760 4,671 4,859 4,556 4,591 7,375 6,337 6,181 5,010 4,881 Separations 948,122 947,843 991,245 901,451 915,962 1,524,832 1,272,331 1,216,886 993,909 884,356 Information technology-producing industries1 Computer hardware2 Layoff events 100 64 166 103 66 503 303 196 76 75 Software and computer services3 Separations 17,884 11,934 36,069 22,557 18,805 102,587 59,653 32,689 11,524 11,928 Layoff events 20 25 23 29 70 242 162 100 62 49 1 Separations 10,724 3,206 4,056 5,194 16,774 36,016 22,382 16,230 9,732 7,858 Communications equipment4 Layoff events 32 23 33 27 25 140 112 62 16 13 Separations 5,323 2,515 6,971 4,344 4,618 34,874 23,236 10,408 1,887 3,000 Communications services5 Layoff events 33 18 25 18 24 136 176 113 81 47 Separations 6,612 3,237 4,150 3,930 4,048 30,084 32,134 21,721 17,266 7,725 providers; Web search portals; data processing and related services; computer and software merchant wholesalers; computer and software stores; custom computer programming services; computer systems design services; computer facilities management services; other computer related services; office equipment rental and leasing; and computer and office machine repair. 4 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: telephone apparatus manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; broadcast and wireless communications equipment; fiber optic cable manufacturing; software reproducing; and magnetic and optical recording media manufacturing. 5 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: wired telecommunications carriers; cellular and other wireless carriers; telecommunications resellers; cable and other program distribution; satellite telecommunications; other telecommunications; and communication equipment repair. Information technology-producing industries are defined in Digital Economy 2003, (U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, 2003). 2 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: semiconductor machinery manufacturing; office machinery manufacturing; electronic computer manufacturing; computer storage device manufacturing; computer terminal manufacturing; other computer peripheral equipment manufacturing; electron tube manufacturing; bare printed circuit board manufacturing; semiconductors and related device manufacturing; electronic capacitor manufacturing; electronic resistor manufacturing; electronic coils, transformers, and inductors; electronic connector manufacturing; printed circuit assembly manufacturing; other electronic component manufacturing; industrial process variable instruments; electricity and signal testing instruments; analytical laboratory instrument manufacturing; computer and software merchant wholesalers; and computer and software stores. 3 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are: software publishers; Internet service 10 Table 5. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 50 highest three-digit NAICS industries in 2005 Industry 2004 NAICS Events 2 Separations 2005 Rank1 Events Separations Rank1 Total, private nonfarm ................................... … 5,010 993,909 … 4,881 884,356 … Total, 50 highest industries ....................................... … 4,686 943,853 … 4,545 837,626 … Administrative and support services.......................... Heavy and civil engineering construction.................. Food .......................................................................... Food services and drinking places............................ Transportation equipment ......................................... Specialty trade contractors........................................ Professional and technical services.......................... Amusements, gambling, and recreation.................... Transit and ground passenger transportation............ 561 237 311 722 336 238 541 713 485 539 379 310 211 189 333 151 66 165 112,078 50,869 64,050 42,416 40,636 43,618 33,199 27,346 36,709 1 4 2 6 7 5 10 11 9 489 449 273 247 196 370 156 60 155 91,121 60,314 50,817 48,239 42,968 42,637 41,800 40,080 32,016 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Social assistance....................................................... Accommodation......................................................... Nonstore retailers...................................................... General merchandise stores..................................... Construction of buildings........................................... Food and beverage stores......................................... Air transportation....................................................... Computer and electronic product ............................. Machinery ................................................................. Credit intermediation and related activities................ 624 721 454 452 236 445 481 334 333 522 195 103 46 107 158 70 27 95 63 102 25,254 26,439 17,040 38,408 24,511 63,936 5,250 14,979 9,195 25,660 14 12 17 8 15 3 42 18 29 13 199 110 47 87 141 69 45 79 72 65 26,983 26,472 21,678 20,905 19,438 16,177 15,426 14,230 12,427 12,252 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Nonmetallic mineral product ..................................... Performing arts and spectator sports........................ Electrical equipment and appliance mfg.................... Fabricated metal product .......................................... Motion picture and sound recording industries.......... Furniture and related product ................................... Couriers and messengers......................................... Hospitals.................................................................... Plastics and rubber products .................................... Telecommunications.................................................. 327 711 335 332 512 337 492 622 326 517 70 69 49 94 38 73 22 43 78 80 11,269 9,977 11,396 13,549 10,691 10,761 6,010 13,527 10,336 17,189 23 28 22 19 25 24 36 20 27 16 82 68 40 77 28 52 21 37 63 46 12,226 10,915 10,537 10,291 8,719 8,467 7,900 7,745 7,731 7,604 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Wood product ........................................................... Apparel ..................................................................... Primary metal ............................................................ Membership associations and organizations............. Merchant wholesalers, durable goods....................... Nursing and residential care facilities........................ Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods................. Mining, except oil and gas......................................... Chemical ................................................................... Textile mills................................................................ 321 315 331 813 423 623 424 212 325 313 38 69 49 49 29 33 56 36 48 40 4,587 11,583 8,217 7,397 4,385 3,565 10,430 5,596 6,566 6,140 44 21 30 31 47 52 26 40 34 35 49 47 35 51 47 48 43 41 31 37 7,547 7,024 6,752 6,602 6,333 6,027 5,797 5,718 5,519 5,256 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Educational services.................................................. Truck transportation................................................... Clothing and clothing accessories stores.................. Printing and related support activities........................ Publishing industries, except Internet........................ Building material and garden supply stores............... Miscellaneous ........................................................... Insurance carriers and related activities.................... Personal and laundry services................................... Paper ........................................................................ Repair and maintenance........................................... 611 484 448 323 511 444 339 524 812 322 811 16 33 27 41 24 19 39 41 20 43 19 1,429 7,394 6,937 5,764 3,571 3,563 5,947 5,556 2,543 5,750 4,966 66 32 33 38 51 53 37 41 56 39 43 22 25 28 39 25 23 29 30 26 29 17 5,227 4,887 4,827 4,763 4,604 4,480 4,088 3,628 3,616 3,416 3,400 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2005. See foonote 1, table 1. 11 Table 6. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff separations, private nonfarm sector, 50 highest six-digit NAICS industries in 2005 2003 Industry 2004 2005 NAICS Separations Rank 1 Separations Rank 1 Separations Rank 1 Total, private nonfarm ....................................... 2 … 1,216,886 … 993,909 … 884,356 … Total, 50 highest industries ..................................... … 691,637 … 616,270 … 525,102 … Highway, street, and bridge construction……………… Temporary help services………………………………… Professional employer organizations…………………… School and employee bus transportation……………… Food service contractors………………………………… Skiing facilities……………………………………………… Hotels and motels, except casino hotels………………… Tax preparation services………………………………… Mail-order houses………………………………………… Child day care services…………………………………… 237310 561320 561330 485410 722310 713920 721110 541213 454113 624410 47,469 76,074 30,160 30,347 24,935 12,342 15,318 9,773 13,183 12,404 2 1 5 4 10 18 12 26 14 17 39,861 50,156 33,536 33,462 26,448 21,163 24,739 10,969 16,104 16,521 3 2 4 5 6 8 7 17 12 11 45,812 37,252 28,550 28,448 27,774 24,458 22,657 21,842 19,436 18,112 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Scheduled passenger air transportation………………… Supermarkets and other grocery stores………………… Fruit and vegetable canning……………………………… Nonresidential electrical contractors…………………… Discount department stores……………………………… Amusement and theme parks…………………………… Full-service restaurants…………………………………… Motion picture and video production…………………… Industrial building construction…………………………… Couriers…………………………………………………… 481111 445110 311421 238212 452112 713110 722110 512110 236210 492110 30,158 29,882 28,988 11,704 34,239 9,471 4,346 26,977 12,921 3,427 6 7 8 21 3 28 45 9 15 65 4,555 61,744 18,511 10,753 15,247 3,719 10,354 10,199 12,990 6,010 36 1 9 18 13 45 20 21 14 30 14,946 14,751 11,375 10,692 10,131 9,367 9,000 8,521 8,325 7,805 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Commercial building construction……………………… Automobile manufacturing………………………………… General medical and surgical hospitals………………… Landscaping services……………………………………… Ready-mix concrete manufacturing……………………… Department stores, except discount…………………… Limited-service restaurants……………………………… Commercial banking……………………………………… Nonresidential plumbing and HVAC contractors……… Frozen fruit and vegetable manufacturing……………… 236220 336111 622110 561730 327320 452111 722211 522110 238222 311411 10,542 12,781 6,044 6,451 6,682 20,098 2,845 11,212 7,822 11,792 23 16 34 33 32 11 84 22 30 20 8,099 8,850 12,983 6,346 5,670 18,074 2,604 10,702 6,364 8,813 25 22 15 29 32 10 66 19 28 23 7,749 7,229 7,191 6,731 6,067 5,988 5,807 5,757 5,335 5,112 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Engineering services……………………………………… Other social advocacy organizations…………………… Casinos, except casino hotels…………………………… All other motor vehicle parts manufacturing…………… Oil and gas pipeline construction………………………… Wired telecommunications carriers……………………… Nonresidential site preparation contractors…………… Nursing care facilities……………………………………… All other plastics product manufacturing………………… Fresh and frozen seafood processing…………………… 541330 813319 713210 336399 237120 517110 238912 623110 326199 311712 4,415 3,909 1,695 3,839 4,385 13,438 3,183 3,673 4,733 5,518 42 52 150 54 43 13 71 59 37 36 1,704 3,887 380 3,616 3,386 12,201 3,608 2,444 5,086 6,489 112 43 329 46 51 16 47 70 33 27 5,109 5,070 4,952 4,909 4,717 4,705 4,447 4,144 4,019 3,979 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Motor vehicle power train components mfg.…………… Colleges and universities………………………………… Casino hotels……………………………………………… Other individual and family services…………………… Water and sewer system construction…………………… Power and communication system construction……… Racetracks………………………………………………… Convention and trade show organizers………………… Motor vehicle seating and interior trim manufacturing… Motor vehicle metal stamping…………………………… 336350 611310 721120 624190 237110 237130 711212 561920 336360 336370 2,407 2,273 1,815 3,638 4,019 3,372 2,890 2,724 4,601 2,332 99 104 142 62 49 69 82 91 38 102 2,322 548 1,700 4,766 3,207 2,357 2,651 2,686 6,510 2,878 78 261 113 34 55 76 65 64 26 59 3,906 3,876 3,815 3,797 3,737 3,711 3,624 3,596 3,402 3,367 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2005. See footnote 1, table 1. 12 Table 7. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2003-05 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Reason for layoff 2003 Total, private nonfarm, all reasons1 .... 6,181 Automation……………………………………… Bankruptcy……………………………………… Business ownership change…………………… Contract cancellation…………………………… Contract completion…………………………… Domestic relocation…………………………… Energy-related………………………………… Environment-related…………………………… Financial difficulty……………………………… Import competition……………………………… Labor dispute…………………………………… Material shortage……………………………… 5 175 120 118 874 98 (2) 5 314 111 19 10 Model changeover……………………………… Natural disaster………………………………… Non-natural disaster…………………………… Overseas relocation…………………………… Plant or machine repair………………………… Product line discontinued……………………… Reorganization within company……………… Seasonal work………………………………… Slack work……………………………………… Vacation period………………………………… Weather-related………………………………… Other…………………………………………… Not reported…………………………………… 12 6 4 Internal company restructuring ……………… 1 (2) 62 24 34 663 1,630 949 104 48 152 644 1,272 2004 2005 5,010 (2) 90 128 111 772 3 ( ) – (2) 219 51 31 5 2003 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005 4,881 1,216,886 993,909 884,356 1,200,811 903,079 833,000 3 89 107 71 692 3 ( ) 4 (2) 134 56 27 6 1,016 59,589 32,536 35,096 148,805 15,805 (2) 1,044 68,190 23,734 16,366 1,211 (2) 20,130 30,495 18,398 170,192 3 ( ) – (2) 43,220 8,064 29,935 384 542 21,181 23,748 11,402 115,988 3 ( ) 983 (2) 25,062 11,112 9,289 828 1,009 47,360 19,812 16,441 175,502 15,995 (2) 847 63,997 20,961 22,123 1,650 (2) 14,526 21,566 14,165 157,236 3 ( ) – (2) 33,009 7,599 10,616 743 655 15,741 17,928 9,972 134,100 3 ( ) 479 (2) 21,779 10,001 7,703 754 7 2,417 (2) (2) 3 ( ) 2,811 7,143 105,482 334,389 76,643 17,612 7,626 37,767 78,821 2,533 (2) (2) 3 ( ) 1,327 7,441 79,428 355,831 74,338 15,155 61,255 16,503 49,317 3,904 1,684 (2) 10,792 3,035 7,400 139,337 282,175 179,970 18,614 8,881 27,055 131,662 2,229 (2) (2) 3 ( ) 3,536 6,762 107,566 282,918 110,738 16,159 7,418 28,044 76,549 2,852 (2) (2) 3 ( ) 1,762 6,171 81,111 285,841 105,840 13,858 52,366 14,434 48,562 199,327 149,419 270,506 176,667 136,559 9 19 35 552 1,678 579 110 62 173 375 10 40 443 1,808 566 97 398 94 224 4,418 1,510 (2) 13,205 3,319 6,025 131,155 329,010 136,154 20,053 7,774 26,645 133,547 989 773 291,470 (2) (2) 3 ( ) (2) (2) 3 ( ) used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. See footnote 1, table 1. 4 2 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer 13 Table 8. Over-the-year change in separations by reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 2003-2004 2004-2005 Reason for layoff Level change Total, private nonfarm, all reasons1 ................................. Percent change -222,977 -18.3 2 Automation ................................................................................ Bankruptcy ................................................................................. Business ownership change ...................................................... Contract cancellation ................................................................. Contract completion ................................................................... Domestic relocation ................................................................... Energy-related……………………………………………………… Environment-related………………………………………………… Financial difficulty ...................................................................... Import competition ..................................................................... Labor dispute ............................................................................. Material shortage ....................................................................... ( ) -39,459 -2,041 -16,698 21,387 (3) 2 ( ) (2) -24,970 -15,670 13,569 -827 Model changeover ..................................................................... Natural disaster .......................................................................... Non-natural disaster .................................................................. Overseas relocation ................................................................... Plant or machine repair ............................................................. Product line discontinued .......................................................... Reorganization within company ................................................. Seasonal work ........................................................................... Slack work ................................................................................. Vacation period .......................................................................... Weather-related ......................................................................... Other .......................................................................................... Not reported ............................................................................... -2,001 2 ( ) (2) (3) -508 1,118 -25,673 5,379 -59,511 -2,441 -148 11,122 -54,726 Internal company restructuring4 …………………………………… 2 ( ) -66.2 -6.3 -47.6 14.4 (3) 2 ( ) (2) -36.6 -66.0 82.9 -68.3 -45.3 1,051 -6,747 -6,996 -54,204 3 ( ) 983 (2) -18,158 3,048 -20,646 444 -15.3 18.6 -19.6 1.6 -43.7 -12.2 -1.9 41.7 -41.0 116 2 ( ) (2) (3) -1,484 298 -26,054 21,442 -2,305 -2,457 53,629 -21,264 -29,504 -31.6 -49,908 2 ( ) (2) (3) Percent change -109,553 2 ( ) -92,143 Level change -11.0 2 ( ) 5.2 -22.1 -38.0 -31.8 (3) 5 ( ) (2) -42.0 37.8 -69.0 115.6 4.8 2 ( ) (2) (3) -52.8 4.2 -24.7 6.4 -3.0 -14.0 703.2 -56.3 -37.4 -25.0 1 used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. 2 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer 4 5 14 Percentage could not be calculated because the denominator is zero. 1 Table 9. Number of separations in extended mass layoff events by State and by selected reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Separations State Total 2 Total, private nonfarm ......... 884,356 Contract completed Seasonal 355,831 115,988 3 Reorganization within company 79,428 3 Alabama ......................................... Alaska ............................................. Arizona ........................................... Arkansas ........................................ California ........................................ Colorado ......................................... Connecticut ..................................... Delaware ........................................ District of Columbia ........................ Florida ............................................. Georgia ........................................... Hawaii ............................................. Idaho ............................................... 1,639 4,290 5,830 2,067 80,682 24,777 7,575 (3) (3) 70,295 8,462 1,353 5,537 ( ) 4,290 2,392 3 ( ) 22,323 20,655 4,119 (3) – 13,336 924 276 4,635 ( ) – 1,016 – 3,529 (3) (3) – – 39,982 3 ( ) 1,077 – ( ) 3 ( ) 9,946 (3) (3) – – 4,811 3,407 – 3 ( ) Illinois .............................................. Indiana ............................................ Iowa ................................................ Kansas ............................................ Kentucky ......................................... Louisiana ........................................ Maine .............................................. Maryland ......................................... Massachusetts ................................ Michigan ......................................... Minnesota ....................................... Mississippi ...................................... Missouri .......................................... 101,106 18,373 9,614 5,003 11,038 59,162 6,457 905 10,009 44,482 24,562 14,165 20,045 50,513 9,798 5,565 1,433 4,117 3,455 5,169 – 4,110 11,182 17,365 2,758 13,177 26,433 – – – 972 2,008 – – 1,072 3,133 946 3 ( ) – 10,190 3,204 945 3 ( ) 1,413 676 622 3 ( ) 2,122 2,700 550 576 1,553 Montana .......................................... Nebraska ........................................ Nevada ........................................... New Hampshire .............................. New Jersey ..................................... New Mexico .................................... New York ........................................ North Carolina ................................ North Dakota .................................. Ohio ................................................ Oklahoma ....................................... Oregon ............................................ Pennsylvania .................................. 2,789 2,453 1,424 2,116 35,402 1,220 70,565 13,831 1,076 48,553 2,042 20,863 32,005 2,588 2,002 (3) 616 20,267 3 ( ) 29,536 1,707 926 24,104 – 15,725 7,006 Rhode Island .................................. South Carolina ................................ South Dakota .................................. Tennessee ...................................... Texas .............................................. Utah ................................................ Vermont .......................................... Virginia ............................................ Washington .................................... West Virginia .................................. Wisconsin ....................................... Wyoming ........................................ 1,654 6,784 348 8,285 16,532 5,873 2,015 11,680 18,083 1,741 33,716 3,905 Puerto Rico ..................................... 6,545 1 832 (3) 348 – 1,534 3,935 1,740 5,520 8,528 (3) 20,950 3,905 – Shown are the top five reasons for layoffs in terms of separations in 2005. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. – (3) (3) (3) 3 514 – 3 – – (3) 950 279 13,558 3 ( ) – 6,124 (3) (3) 3,602 555 6,270 3 ( ) 3,977 2,551 – 4,472 – (3) 2,710 – (3) – 3 ( ) 4,065 1,160 – 526 510 403 1,888 – (3) – – 2,696 4,610 3 ( ) – 1,610 1,620 – 1,706 – 3,648 1,494 74,338 3 ( ) – 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2,512 1,175 – (3) – 1,795 1,280 – 3 ( ) 6,405 2,169 354 348 761 2,464 516 – 684 8,623 1,110 495 1,633 – (3) – (3) 1,040 3 ( ) 7,238 249 (3) 9,212 (3) 538 17,503 (3) (3) – – 383 (3) – 1,345 526 – – – 464 Weather–related 61,255 – – – – 1,322 – – – – 3 ( ) – – – – – – 1,108 (3) 47,856 – – – 3 ( ) – 8,720 (3) – – – – 3 ( ) – – – – – – (3) 3 ( ) – – – – – – (3) – 405 – – – – Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 15 Slack work Table 10. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and nonvacation period extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by major industry, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Layoff events Industry Work moved 1 Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Work not moved or unknown Work moved Work not moved or unknown Work moved Work not moved or unknown Total, private nonfarm ..................................................... 277 2,699 53,628 459,742 49,215 484,086 Mining........................................................................... Utilities.......................................................................... Construction.................................................................. Manufacturing............................................................... Food.......................................................................... Beverage and tobacco products............................... Textile mills............................................................... Textile product mills.................................................. Apparel...................................................................... Leather and allied products....................................... Wood products.......................................................... Paper........................................................................ Printing and related support activities....................... Petroleum and coal products.................................... – (2) (2) 178 18 – 8 5 13 2 ( ) (2) 5 4 – 10 8 397 794 91 8 29 17 23 5 34 21 19 – – (2) (2) 32,400 3,449 – 947 851 1,807 (2) (2) 863 329 – 2,177 929 50,164 135,382 16,249 1,446 4,309 2,063 2,951 697 5,841 2,218 1,886 – – (2) (2) 29,299 3,114 – 1,800 1,171 1,616 (2) (2) 819 268 – 1,886 922 63,159 156,644 16,348 1,241 5,445 2,896 2,889 629 6,454 2,043 2,807 – Chemicals................................................................. Plastics and rubber products.................................... Nonmetallic mineral products................................... Primary metal............................................................ Fabricated metal products........................................ Machinery.................................................................. Computer and electronic products............................ Electrical equipment and appliance.......................... Transportation equipment......................................... Furniture and related products.................................. Miscellaneous manufacturing................................... 7 10 4 (2) 19 8 21 8 28 13 3 22 48 35 34 53 54 58 29 158 37 19 1,675 2,026 750 (2) 3,228 1,812 3,925 1,899 5,656 1,920 654 3,572 4,837 4,398 6,692 6,705 8,803 10,305 8,249 35,482 6,317 2,362 917 2,103 646 (2) 2,292 933 3,208 1,197 6,662 1,704 306 3,553 5,828 5,549 5,107 8,110 10,862 9,784 10,856 47,286 6,394 2,563 Wholesale trade............................................................ Retail trade.................................................................... Transportation and warehousing.................................. Information.................................................................... Finance and insurance.................................................. Real estate and rental and leasing............................... Professional and technical services.............................. Management of companies and enterprises................. Administrative and waste services................................ Educational services..................................................... Health care and social assistance................................ Arts, entertainment, and recreation............................... Accommodation and food services............................... Other services, except public administration................ 16 16 10 6 23 2 ( ) 9 – 10 – 2 ( ) – 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 59 203 110 95 86 15 97 9 414 16 121 40 182 42 1,912 3,114 6,448 931 3,612 2 ( ) 1,897 – 2,117 – 2 ( ) – 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 7,423 37,853 24,425 19,931 15,170 1,766 14,679 1,329 79,606 4,630 17,672 8,567 30,995 6,844 1,554 4,510 3,907 847 4,014 2 ( ) 1,975 – 1,959 – 2 ( ) – 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 8,079 36,522 22,374 19,479 15,799 3,051 15,716 1,091 80,280 2,596 13,154 7,626 29,308 6,220 Unclassified .................................................................. 1 2 – 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 16 – 200 – 180 Table 11. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and nonvacation period extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Layoff events Reason for layoff Work moved Total, private nonfarm1 ..................................... Automation ................................................................. Bankruptcy ................................................................. Business ownership change ...................................... Contract cancellation ................................................. Contract completion ................................................... Energy-related…………………………………………… Environment-related……………………………………… Financial difficulty ....................................................... Import competition ..................................................... Labor dispute ............................................................. Material shortage ....................................................... Model changeover ..................................................... Natural disaster .......................................................... Non-natural disaster ................................................... Plant or machine repair .............................................. Product line discontinued ........................................... Reorganization within company ................................. Slack work ................................................................. Weather-related ......................................................... Other .......................................................................... Not reported ............................................................... Internal company restructuring3 ………………………… Separations Work not moved or unknown Work moved Work not moved or unknown Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Work moved Work not moved or unknown 277 2,699 53,628 459,742 49,215 484,086 – (2) 11 8 (2) – – 15 30 (2) (2) 3 88 96 63 691 4 (2) 119 26 25 5 – (2) 2,738 1,107 (2) – – 2,144 4,741 (2) (2) 542 20,781 21,010 10,295 115,588 983 (2) 22,918 6,371 5,713 657 – (2) 1,498 814 (2) – – 1,982 4,514 (2) (2) 655 15,418 16,430 9,158 133,739 479 (2) 19,797 5,487 5,227 570 12 168 9 – 18 (2) 7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 10 28 275 557 398 76 223 – – – – 1,282 32,026 1,480 – 3,433 (2) 2,533 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 1,327 6,159 47,402 72,858 61,255 13,070 49,187 – – – – 1,405 29,228 2,507 – 3,810 (2) 2,852 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 1,762 4,766 51,883 103,333 52,366 10,624 48,449 195 578 37,308 112,111 33,031 103,528 – – – – 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 17 Table 12. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and nonvacation period extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by Census region and division, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Census region and division Work moved United States1 ................................................... Work not moved or unknown 277 2,699 Northeast ..................................................................... 50 New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 19 31 South ........................................................................... Work moved Work not moved or unknown 53,628 459,742 598 9,915 68 530 3,450 6,465 93 1,029 South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. West South Central ................................................. 55 27 11 Midwest ....................................................................... Work moved Work not moved or unknown 49,215 484,086 84,100 7,240 111,451 9,402 74,698 2,654 4,586 10,991 100,460 15,999 176,762 15,041 170,386 438 130 461 8,331 5,241 2,427 83,701 22,899 70,162 9,128 4,356 1,557 82,068 20,574 67,744 65 696 16,612 132,141 14,893 141,248 East North Central ................................................... West North Central .................................................. 54 11 598 98 11,169 5,443 115,299 16,842 11,342 3,551 120,715 20,533 West ............................................................................ 69 376 11,102 66,739 12,041 61,001 Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 6 63 59 317 906 10,196 10,771 55,968 902 11,139 7,721 53,280 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The States (and the District of Columbia) that make up the census divisions are: New England–Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic–New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic–Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central–Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central–Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central–Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central–Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain–Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific–Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 18 Table 13. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and nonvacation period unemployment insurance benefit exhaustion rates by selected claimant characteristics, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Initial claims for unemployment insurance Characteristic Work not moved or unknown Work moved Total, private nonfarm1 …………… Final payments for unemployment insurance Work moved Work not moved or unknown Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Work moved Work not moved or unknown 49,215 484,086 13,374 82,575 27.2 17.1 6,984 17,506 14,923 9,717 85 86,638 175,415 129,170 78,455 14,408 1,666 4,613 3,985 3,087 23 14,443 29,144 21,588 15,766 1,634 23.9 26.4 26.7 31.8 27.1 16.7 16.6 16.7 20.1 11.3 25,926 23,265 24 284,519 196,692 2,875 5,951 7,409 14 40,796 41,425 354 23.0 31.8 58.3 14.3 21.1 12.3 29,373 8,399 5,683 260 1,799 3,701 277,245 95,911 54,410 2,705 10,978 42,837 7,546 2,636 1,552 78 513 1,049 37,653 24,143 10,574 426 2,106 7,673 25.7 31.4 27.3 30.0 28.5 28.3 13.6 25.2 19.4 15.7 19.2 17.9 Age Under 30 years of age ………………… 30-44 …………………………………… 45-54 …………………………………… 55 years of age or over ………………… Not available …………………………… Gender Male……………………………………… Female…………………………………… Not available …………………………… Race/ethnicity White……………………………………… Black …………………………………… Hispanic origin ………………………… American Indian or Alaska Native …… Asian or Pacific Islander ……………… Not available …………………………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Table 14. Extended mass layoff events and separations, selected measures, 2004-05 Layoff events Separations Action 2004 Total private nonfarm 1……………………………………… Total, excluding seasonal and vacation events2……… 2 2004 2005 5,010 3,222 4,881 2,976 993,909 641,908 884,356 513,370 Total, movement of work …………………………… 366 277 73,217 53,628 Movement of work actions……………………… With separations reported…………………… With separations unknown…………………… 480 382 98 363 259 104 3 1 2005 See footnote 1, table 1. The questions on movement of work were not asked of employers when the reason for layoff was 4 ( ) 55,122 (4) 4 ( ) 34,194 (4) either seasonal work or vacation period. 3 Movement of work can involve more than one action. 4 Data are not available. 19 Table 15. Movement of work actions by type of separation where number of separations is known by employers, 2004-05 Layoff events1 Separations Action 2004 With separations reported2………………………………… 2005 2004 2005 382 259 55,122 34,194 Out-of-country relocations……………………………..... Within company…………………………………..…… Different company…………..................……………… 103 76 27 91 68 23 16,197 12,905 3,292 12,030 9,438 2,592 Domestic relocations………......................……………… Within company…………………………………….… Different company……………………………….……… 270 228 42 164 132 32 36,246 30,769 5,477 21,470 17,135 4,335 9 4 2,679 694 Within company………………............................……… Domestic……………………..............................…… Out of country……………….........................………… Unable to assign……………………………………… 312 228 76 8 204 132 68 4 45,700 30,769 12,905 2,026 27,267 17,135 9,438 694 Different company……………………………………….. Domestic………………………………………………… Out of country…………………………………………… Unable to assign……………………………………… 70 42 27 1 55 32 23 9,422 5,477 3,292 653 6,927 4,335 2,592 – By location Unable to assign place of relocation…………………… By company 1 – Only actions for which separations associated with the movement of work were reported are shown. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 16. Distribution of extended mass layoff events and separations by size of layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004-05 Layoff events 2004 2 Total, private nonfarm … 50-99…………………………… 100-149……………………… 150-199……………………… 200-299……………………… 300-499……………………… 500-999……………………… 1,000 or more………………… 1 2 Separations 1 Number Number of workers 2005 2004 1 Number Percent 2005 Percent 2004 2005 2004 2005 5,010 4,881 100.0 100.0 993,909 884,356 100.0 100.0 1,901 1,124 619 677 393 219 77 1,935 1,153 577 603 350 193 70 37.9 22.4 12.4 13.5 7.8 4.4 1.5 39.6 23.6 11.8 12.4 7.2 4.0 1.4 138,414 133,219 105,528 160,035 144,549 143,000 169,164 139,218 135,644 96,391 139,559 126,652 127,562 119,330 13.9 13.4 10.6 16.1 14.5 14.4 17.0 15.7 15.3 10.9 15.8 14.3 14.4 13.5 Due to rounding, sums of individual percentages may not equal 100.0 percent. See footnote 1, table 1. 20 Table 17. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by selected measures, private nonfarm sector, 1998-2005 Average number of separations Measure 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 204 198 200 207 201 197 198 181 Industry Mining ………………………………………………… Utilities ………………………………………………… Construction ………………………………………… Manufacturing ………………………………………… Wholesale trade ……………………………………… Retail trade …………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing …………………… Information …………………………………………… 151 236 145 232 153 218 235 296 181 176 148 205 158 341 214 285 126 140 147 200 165 320 183 194 215 202 144 192 161 289 297 186 149 178 140 191 161 329 243 196 158 135 140 183 181 308 250 259 153 228 137 173 169 418 213 215 134 140 127 173 131 237 225 202 Finance and insurance ……………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ………………… Professional and technical services ………………… Management of companies and enterprises ……… Administrative and waste services ………………… Educational services ………………………………… Health care and social assistance ………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………… Accommodation and food services ………………… Other services, except public administration ……… Unclassified establishments ………………………… 212 160 199 148 179 99 131 252 194 139 92 197 118 208 210 190 161 155 260 177 144 109 276 128 188 247 213 99 189 315 247 141 167 190 230 199 209 283 110 137 316 217 138 206 193 173 224 248 221 114 136 372 206 159 163 193 166 194 195 222 182 137 275 215 132 161 216 299 220 176 208 89 156 273 219 169 125 172 140 268 156 185 238 140 386 209 145 200 Automation ............................................................ Bankruptcy ............................................................. Business ownership change .................................. Contract cancellation ............................................. Contract completion ............................................... Domestic relocation ............................................... Energy-related………………………………………… Environment-related………………………………… Financial difficulty .................................................. Import competition ................................................. Labor dispute ......................................................... Material shortage ................................................... 234 302 239 195 203 179 171 178 235 205 794 272 (2) 464 304 156 176 177 122 261 248 276 559 183 374 355 270 159 189 164 249 163 205 213 631 155 127 470 267 177 186 185 274 (2) 231 213 304 99 171 359 230 190 180 195 ( 2) ( 2) 226 207 192 159 203 341 271 297 170 161 (2) 209 217 214 861 121 (2) 224 238 166 220 (3) – (2) 197 158 966 77 181 238 222 161 168 ( 3) 246 ( 2) 187 198 344 138 Model changeover ................................................. Natural disaster ...................................................... Non-natural disaster ………………………………… Overseas relocation ............................................... Plant or machine repair ......................................... Product line discontinued ...................................... Reorganization within company ............................. Seasonal work ....................................................... Slack work ............................................................. Vacation period ...................................................... Weather-related ..................................................... Other ...................................................................... Not reported ........................................................... 680 168 (4) 251 234 157 184 183 198 156 99 167 164 ( ) ( 2) ( 4) 167 121 156 207 198 136 182 115 176 159 266 – (4) 211 163 157 247 192 157 159 95 167 192 372 (2) 4 235 199 143 248 207 207 167 194 107 212 181 283 ( 2) 139 251 157 123 198 212 163 178 120 187 232 368 252 (2) 213 138 177 198 202 143 193 162 175 207 269 (2) (2) (3) 148 204 191 199 132 160 123 218 210 362 ( 2) ( 2) ( 3) 133 186 179 197 131 156 154 176 220 229 207 208 271 181 233 243 186 216 304 185 230 259 189 213 229 183 201 214 181 222 192 178 187 1 Total, private nonfarm ................................ Reason for layoff 2 Other selected measures Worksite closures…………………………………… Recall expected……………………………………… No recall expected…………………………………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer 4 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001, in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Thus, data for 2001 pertain to the third and fourth quarters only. used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 21 Table 18. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2004-05 Layoff events State Percent of total Total initial claimants for unemployment insurance Hispanic origin Black 2004 2005 2004 2005 Total, private nonfarm ....... 5,010 4,881 903,079 833,000 14.8 17.4 15.4 12.9 43.7 42.9 16.9 17.6 Alabama .................................... Alaska ....................................... Arizona ...................................... Arkansas ................................... California ................................... Colorado .................................... Connecticut ............................... Delaware ................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida ....................................... Georgia ..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho ......................................... 18 28 43 15 641 48 47 7 2 ( ) 444 83 17 28 14 21 18 10 430 43 36 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 343 72 13 39 3,709 3,548 7,059 1,454 129,252 6,752 9,538 2,004 2 ( ) 75,089 16,439 1,812 4,196 2,077 3,572 3,296 1,622 76,655 5,803 6,464 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 58,252 11,767 1,406 5,093 54.9 3.0 6.1 41.7 9.6 7.4 15.1 12.1 72.4 17.1 52.6 1.9 .5 40.2 3.3 2.9 47.7 9.0 3.3 11.6 15.7 35.7 16.1 54.7 1.4 .4 4.6 20.3 40.0 1.2 36.5 29.0 10.9 3.8 2.5 32.1 3.1 22.6 20.0 2.1 20.7 43.4 7.0 36.5 32.6 9.0 2.0 19.0 31.6 1.1 16.1 20.8 47.0 32.7 54.5 66.6 51.5 38.2 55.7 26.2 69.9 49.8 50.1 29.2 45.1 41.2 32.6 40.2 64.5 52.5 34.7 53.2 20.4 58.1 47.5 60.5 32.5 46.7 13.6 16.6 15.2 13.5 14.6 15.6 18.1 11.6 9.2 18.3 16.8 10.5 19.9 21.5 17.4 18.4 16.6 17.2 18.4 21.0 15.0 23.3 19.2 17.3 14.7 20.0 Illinois ........................................ Indiana ...................................... Iowa ........................................... Kansas ...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine ........................................ Maryland .................................... Massachusetts .......................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi ................................. Missouri ..................................... 461 108 62 40 75 68 25 9 95 290 134 17 76 455 107 55 32 75 389 21 5 80 295 155 63 93 88,915 22,617 10,677 5,798 8,367 7,453 4,616 1,547 15,282 57,868 18,838 1,746 13,152 84,287 21,550 10,341 4,379 8,857 49,949 3,180 493 13,223 57,201 23,886 11,028 17,044 21.2 9.6 2.1 13.6 11.5 57.5 1.1 29.9 9.5 14.2 4.4 72.0 17.9 21.8 10.1 1.8 11.0 11.7 58.7 1.8 37.3 9.2 14.5 4.1 46.3 18.2 14.3 2.3 3.9 4.4 .3 2.1 .2 1.5 4.0 5.2 8.8 .4 .6 13.9 3.3 3.0 3.3 .2 4.0 .3 2.2 3.3 4.6 7.8 8.5 .5 39.8 38.2 33.4 44.4 42.6 49.2 32.1 44.9 48.1 43.5 26.6 56.3 54.2 39.5 31.3 30.1 41.3 38.7 58.3 41.4 48.9 45.3 36.8 24.7 57.1 47.2 15.0 18.9 14.9 13.7 14.8 14.4 16.2 18.1 17.9 14.3 16.2 16.0 23.9 15.1 15.0 16.5 19.8 16.5 11.1 17.6 24.7 20.8 14.3 17.0 15.6 23.8 Montana .................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire ......................... New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York ................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota ............................. Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon ...................................... Pennsylvania ............................. 13 26 14 19 181 6 416 67 11 288 20 74 319 22 23 12 14 163 10 443 76 7 306 11 49 279 1,122 3,289 3,655 2,490 33,841 1,149 75,146 8,420 1,533 41,955 2,780 12,739 72,416 2,010 2,283 1,378 2,094 28,006 1,210 75,309 14,938 1,072 44,806 1,811 11,457 55,027 .2 11.9 14.1 2.9 18.9 2.7 12.7 43.0 .3 13.2 8.2 1.7 9.0 .3 7.6 15.9 1.2 18.4 1.2 10.7 38.4 .2 11.8 11.4 1.4 9.0 2.7 10.6 15.4 8.4 10.7 61.4 7.5 4.5 2.4 2.0 14.7 23.4 2.0 3.5 11.6 16.5 13.0 11.0 61.6 8.7 4.1 2.9 2.2 9.2 22.2 2.9 26.4 31.5 39.4 47.0 53.9 40.8 39.2 51.3 7.4 32.8 36.3 54.2 41.0 28.4 33.3 48.8 39.6 55.2 39.5 33.5 51.6 7.7 32.8 29.8 57.6 42.6 16.3 18.2 24.7 22.9 27.0 14.4 17.3 20.4 17.4 14.2 17.9 20.1 21.0 20.9 20.8 27.0 20.0 29.4 16.4 18.1 21.2 18.0 14.7 20.5 22.4 22.1 Rhode Island ............................. South Carolina .......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ........................................... Vermont ..................................... Virginia ...................................... Washington ............................... West Virginia ............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming ................................... 26 35 5 40 149 14 13 65 87 19 218 2 ( ) 14 39 5 41 110 23 14 66 98 8 174 5 3,680 5,340 482 6,427 36,479 1,450 1,784 11,935 14,196 2,818 39,544 2 ( ) 1,520 7,644 344 6,940 22,980 2,901 2,015 12,864 15,296 1,127 34,111 459 4.0 50.2 1.5 19.3 16.5 2.2 .7 49.6 5.0 .7 6.0 1.5 1.5 58.7 2.0 22.4 19.0 2.0 .5 42.6 5.3 1.0 4.7 .4 14.7 .4 2.5 – 41.8 10.8 .3 3.0 22.4 – 8.4 1.7 20.4 .5 1.5 – 39.3 18.5 .2 1.7 20.2 – 9.9 4.1 62.2 67.3 44.2 45.2 33.1 46.9 35.7 59.9 38.8 33.1 35.8 50.6 42.6 62.1 27.6 52.3 38.8 44.1 38.1 52.9 39.3 24.0 36.5 34.2 23.2 2.7 16.8 22.2 11.2 10.6 16.3 17.2 15.4 14.3 17.9 28.2 19.6 6.6 25.0 26.0 14.2 10.4 19.0 17.1 16.6 15.4 19.3 33.8 Puerto Rico ............................... 40 52 9,465 13,562 57.2 59.0 7.5 7.5 1 2004 3 ( ) 2005 3 ( ) 2004 Persons aged 55 and older Women 3 ( ) 2005 3 ( ) 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 22 Data are not available. 2004 2005 2004 2005 Table 19. Claimant race and ethnicity: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004-05 1 Percent of total race/ethnicity Measure White Hispanic origin Black American Indian or Alaska Native Asian or Pacific Islander 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 58.5 59.0 14.8 17.4 15.4 12.9 .6 .6 2.3 2.2 Mining ………………………………………………… Utilities ………………………………………………… Construction ………………………………………… Manufacturing ………………………………………… Wholesale trade ……………………………………… Retail trade …………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing …………………… Information …………………………………………… 83.9 78.9 76.4 60.8 52.7 53.1 57.3 56.7 78.7 84.9 77.4 62.5 56.2 54.2 57.7 58.7 2.7 11.9 5.5 12.1 9.9 16.5 21.1 19.5 3.4 7.8 5.9 13.0 12.5 24.3 22.3 16.6 4.6 3.2 11.5 16.5 27.4 18.4 10.1 8.0 12.4 2.5 9.4 13.8 18.4 12.3 9.1 7.9 1.1 .2 .8 .5 .6 .7 .4 .4 .9 .5 .8 .5 .4 .6 .5 .4 .4 .6 .5 3.3 1.8 1.9 1.3 2.5 .7 .3 .5 3.0 2.6 1.9 1.9 3.6 Finance and insurance ……………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ………………… Professional and technical services ……………… Management of companies and enterprises ……… Administrative and waste services ………………… Educational services ………………………………… Health care and social assistance ………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………… Accommodation and food services ………………… Other services, except public administration ……… 49.9 45.8 60.6 60.6 46.7 50.3 41.8 65.3 51.7 47.8 48.8 41.5 63.5 57.9 45.8 41.6 38.7 59.2 46.6 47.5 18.6 18.2 14.8 12.9 19.7 27.4 24.4 11.5 20.3 26.3 22.8 20.1 12.7 14.6 22.2 39.5 32.3 19.4 30.4 31.0 13.6 14.6 11.1 13.6 23.3 6.9 23.2 9.2 11.7 13.8 11.2 15.6 9.2 13.7 21.4 5.9 19.1 8.6 10.2 12.0 .4 .4 .3 .2 .5 .2 .6 .6 .6 1.2 .4 .3 .4 .3 .4 .7 .5 .5 .6 1.1 3.8 1.5 3.0 5.2 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.1 3.3 3.1 4.2 1.0 2.6 7.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.2 2.7 1.9 Unclassified establishments ………………………… 55.8 19.4 19.1 58.3 14.0 – .4 22.2 .4 Automation …………………………………………… Bankruptcy …………………………………………… Business ownership change ………………………… Contract cancellation ………………………………… Contract completion ………………………………… Energy-related………………………………………… Environment-related………………………………… Financial difficulty .................................................. Import competition ................................................. Labor dispute ......................................................... 53.8 54.3 57.5 45.3 56.9 – 96.7 54.6 70.0 47.2 51.3 61.0 54.1 46.3 58.0 46.8 30.8 62.8 62.8 69.4 21.4 13.9 14.5 22.9 13.9 – 1.8 18.4 14.2 9.2 17.6 18.2 14.8 21.4 13.6 10.9 65.9 14.6 22.4 8.2 6.7 13.2 13.2 15.8 19.3 – – 15.5 8.3 18.8 14.7 10.1 15.2 18.4 17.1 24.0 .3 9.9 7.7 8.4 .7 .5 .5 .7 .6 .5 .5 .4 .6 .7 .2 2.0 .4 1.3 .5 7.0 3.0 3.1 4.6 1.3 – – 2.3 1.1 6.0 1.5 2.3 5.1 2.9 1.6 1.5 1.0 3.1 1.0 1.5 Material shortage ................................................... Model changeover ................................................. Natural disaster ..................................................... Non-natural disaster ………………………………… Plant or machine repair ......................................... Product line discontinued ...................................... Reorganization within company ............................. Seasonal work ....................................................... Slack work ............................................................. Vacation period ...................................................... Weather-related ..................................................... Other ...................................................................... Not reported ........................................................... 62.2 50.5 73.8 76.1 57.6 64.4 57.0 60.4 69.1 43.4 66.4 47.4 53.5 54.9 74.8 47.2 73.0 58.8 57.5 57.3 62.4 69.4 47.0 32.9 45.5 57.1 1.9 5.9 2.8 17.9 17.4 18.6 16.7 13.1 13.4 19.1 8.2 18.8 18.7 7.4 20.2 39.6 8.1 23.3 23.7 20.3 13.2 12.9 19.9 52.0 18.9 18.8 29.2 3.4 17.5 3.9 16.6 11.0 13.8 17.2 7.7 25.4 16.4 15.5 14.0 4.6 2.9 11.9 5.2 5.4 9.0 10.0 15.4 6.6 24.3 6.4 17.6 11.2 2.1 .9 1.1 – .5 1.2 .4 .6 .4 .7 .5 .7 .6 .9 .4 14.9 .4 – .4 3.9 3.5 3.0 1.8 1.6 1.5 2.4 4.8 3.6 2 Total, private nonfarm ............................... Industry – Reason for layoff 1 Due to some nonreporting, sums of percentages within race/ethnicity may not equal 100.0 percent. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 23 – – .5 .3 .4 .8 .1 – – .7 .3 .4 .6 .5 1.0 .7 .4 .7 – .4 1.9 .8 3.5 1.8 2.2 1.5 1.0 4.0 2.7 Table 20. Claimant age and gender: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004-05 1 1 Percent of total by age Measure Less than 30 years 30-44 Percent of total by gender 45-54 55 or older Men Women 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 19.0 17.8 36.7 35.8 25.9 26.6 16.9 17.6 56.0 56.7 43.7 42.9 Mining ……………………………………………… Utilities ……………………………………………… Construction ……………………………………… Manufacturing …………………………………… Wholesale trade …………………………………… Retail trade ………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ………………… Information ………………………………………… Finance and insurance …………………………… 13.0 7.1 16.9 12.2 13.8 36.1 12.5 21.6 24.5 15.6 12.1 16.5 11.9 11.1 33.2 13.1 18.7 20.4 30.7 36.9 41.4 36.1 36.2 32.2 34.7 41.2 38.5 36.2 33.6 40.8 35.5 34.1 29.9 35.7 42.0 38.8 36.8 35.9 27.5 31.3 29.7 18.5 24.4 22.8 20.7 30.2 35.1 28.1 31.4 31.0 19.4 27.2 23.6 22.1 19.0 19.8 12.7 19.0 19.0 12.8 24.9 12.3 15.6 17.0 18.8 13.0 19.3 22.2 15.1 22.6 14.0 17.3 93.4 76.1 94.0 60.0 54.2 42.0 43.8 50.2 31.0 93.7 84.6 93.6 60.6 59.8 40.8 47.5 48.0 34.5 6.2 23.8 5.4 39.6 45.8 57.8 55.9 49.6 68.5 6.1 15.4 5.9 38.9 40.2 59.1 52.2 51.9 65.4 Real estate and rental and leasing ……………… Professional and technical services …………… Management of companies and enterprises …… Administrative and waste services ……………… Educational services ……………………………… Health care and social assistance ……………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………… Accommodation and food services ……………… Other services, except public administration …… 18.7 18.9 16.7 26.5 16.3 17.9 25.1 18.2 17.6 16.5 14.5 11.8 24.3 16.4 16.8 22.9 22.0 17.6 37.9 32.3 40.6 37.9 35.9 40.5 28.6 32.9 39.5 37.0 32.1 42.4 36.4 36.0 38.9 28.1 31.2 37.6 22.2 21.7 28.3 21.5 26.6 24.7 19.3 25.8 25.4 22.2 23.8 30.1 23.0 24.0 24.9 20.0 23.7 24.9 14.3 25.0 14.3 12.7 19.3 15.0 23.3 21.0 14.8 15.1 26.8 15.6 14.3 15.2 15.8 23.0 19.2 15.8 71.6 41.6 50.3 55.1 29.9 13.9 53.9 35.2 36.0 69.6 42.6 44.9 55.5 29.4 11.0 52.3 34.4 35.1 28.4 58.1 49.2 44.3 70.1 86.0 45.6 64.5 63.9 29.2 57.1 55.1 43.7 70.4 89.0 47.3 65.3 64.3 Unclassified establishments …………………… 25.9 27.8 33.5 39.4 24.8 22.8 14.2 10.0 55.4 52.2 44.6 47.8 Automation ........................................................ Bankruptcy ........................................................ Business ownership change ............................. Contract cancellation ........................................ Contract completion .......................................... Energy-related……………………………………… Environment-related……………………………… Financial difficulty .............................................. Import competition ............................................ Labor dispute .................................................... Material shortage .............................................. 23.3 21.3 15.2 23.9 20.3 – 10.2 19.9 8.9 16.0 20.9 25.8 17.0 14.6 20.6 19.0 12.1 1.5 14.8 9.5 5.9 7.4 32.4 34.6 37.3 35.7 38.8 – 19.9 34.8 33.3 32.4 44.0 35.1 32.7 36.6 39.3 38.1 33.4 1.5 35.2 33.7 34.6 27.7 27.6 26.8 26.4 23.4 24.9 – 52.8 26.5 34.2 31.9 24.9 24.3 29.3 27.1 24.9 26.1 30.1 1.5 30.1 32.6 40.9 18.8 16.5 17.2 19.9 16.1 13.9 – 16.8 18.4 21.2 19.5 10.1 14.7 19.8 21.1 14.6 14.7 22.3 .3 19.8 24.1 17.6 7.8 34.3 59.2 43.3 48.4 69.7 – 97.2 46.9 59.9 61.6 77.1 36.8 57.0 47.5 56.9 69.7 72.7 47.2 52.6 50.1 83.8 54.2 65.5 40.7 56.5 51.5 29.6 – 2.3 52.9 40.0 38.2 21.7 63.2 42.0 52.4 42.7 29.5 27.3 52.8 47.1 49.0 16.1 45.1 Model changeover ............................................. Natural disaster ................................................. Non-natural disaster ……………………………… Plant or machine repair ..................................... Product line discontinued .................................. Reorganization within company ........................ Seasonal work .................................................. Slack work ......................................................... Vacation period ................................................. Weather-related ................................................ Other ................................................................. Not reported ...................................................... 6.4 5.9 18.2 12.3 12.9 19.5 19.0 16.4 13.2 18.6 20.2 22.1 6.4 30.2 54.0 24.0 16.2 16.0 18.5 14.4 12.3 29.1 12.3 18.2 31.4 27.0 36.1 37.5 32.1 36.6 35.9 37.3 38.8 38.4 37.5 36.1 39.2 34.0 27.4 37.9 34.3 36.7 35.0 36.3 37.3 32.7 32.9 36.2 42.8 31.8 32.5 32.2 31.4 27.0 24.8 28.8 24.0 25.8 24.5 23.3 27.5 19.5 8.1 26.0 30.0 28.3 25.8 29.8 26.0 19.2 26.9 24.8 10.9 35.2 13.2 17.8 22.8 16.2 18.8 16.8 17.1 16.8 15.1 14.7 13.8 16.1 10.1 10.9 19.0 18.5 19.4 17.2 18.8 11.6 21.0 15.4 68.3 42.5 68.9 65.6 52.5 47.9 55.1 59.3 18.2 72.2 53.2 51.3 71.2 68.0 48.4 64.7 57.6 50.8 55.8 61.9 16.2 45.2 51.0 51.1 22.4 57.5 31.1 34.1 47.5 51.7 44.7 40.1 81.8 27.2 46.7 48.6 28.8 32.0 51.6 35.2 41.7 49.1 44.0 37.1 83.8 54.8 47.8 48.8 2 Total, private nonfarm ........................... Industry Reason for layoff 1 Due to some nonreporting, sums of percentages within age and gender may not equal 100.0 percent. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 24 Table 21. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events, by State, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Continued claims without earnings1 State Initial claims for unemployment insurance Number Average number filed per initial claimant Final payments for 1 unemployment insurance Number Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Total, private nonfarm 2…………………………… 833,000 1,685,103 2.0 127,653 15.3 Alabama………………………………………………… Alaska…………………………………………………… Arizona…………………………………………………… Arkansas………………………………………………… California………………………………………………… Colorado………………………………………………… Connecticut……………………………………………… Delaware………………………………………………… District of Columbia……………………………………… Florida…………………………………………………… Georgia…………………………………………………… Hawaii…………………………………………………… Idaho……………………………………………………… 2,077 3,572 3,296 1,622 76,655 5,803 6,464 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 58,252 11,767 1,406 5,093 2,953 3,398 6,027 2,755 159,676 12,737 14,379 (3) (3) 124,053 30,420 1,158 5,626 1.4 1.0 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.6 .8 1.1 67 8 784 155 14,641 566 897 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 13,589 3,713 89 576 3.2 .2 23.8 9.6 19.1 9.8 13.9 1.0 11.0 23.3 31.6 6.3 11.3 Illinois……………………………………………………… Indiana…………………………………………………… Iowa……………………………………………………… Kansas…………………………………………………… Kentucky………………………………………………… Louisiana………………………………………………… Maine……………………………………………………… Maryland………………………………………………… Massachusetts…………………………………………… Michigan………………………………………………… Minnesota………………………………………………… Mississippi………………………………………………… Missouri…………………………………………………… 84,287 21,550 10,341 4,379 8,857 49,949 3,180 493 13,223 57,201 23,886 11,028 17,044 188,604 41,105 16,381 11,214 2,508 133,217 5,090 1,191 29,850 112,040 55,203 10,978 29,371 2.2 1.9 1.6 2.6 .3 2.7 1.6 2.4 2.3 2.0 2.3 1.0 1.7 11,121 3,158 724 904 1,375 14,186 702 83 2,543 7,402 2,639 2 1,232 13.2 14.7 7.0 20.6 15.5 28.4 22.1 16.8 19.2 12.9 11.0 – 7.2 Montana…………………………………………………… Nebraska………………………………………………… Nevada ...................................................................... New Hampshire ......................................................... New Jersey ................................................................ New Mexico ............................................................... New York………………………………………………… North Carolina…………………………………………… North Dakota……………………………………………… Ohio……………………………………………………… Oklahoma………………………………………………… Oregon…………………………………………………… Pennsylvania……………………………………………… 2,010 2,283 1,378 2,094 28,006 1,210 75,309 14,938 1,072 44,806 1,811 11,457 55,027 2,907 1,379 3,217 2,810 62,450 3,162 163,143 49,955 2,339 87,595 4,852 17,583 80,031 1.4 .6 2.3 1.3 2.2 2.6 2.2 3.3 2.2 2.0 2.7 1.5 1.5 212 13 158 41 5,073 268 10,582 4,172 263 4,351 431 1,328 4,662 10.5 .6 11.5 2.0 18.1 22.1 14.1 27.9 24.5 9.7 23.8 11.6 8.5 Rhode Island……………………………………………… South Carolina…………………………………………… South Dakota…………………………………………… Tennessee……………………………………………… Texas……………………………………………………… Utah……………………………………………………… Vermont ………………………………………………… Virginia…………………………………………………… Washington……………………………………………… West Virginia…………………………………………… Wisconsin………………………………………………… Wyoming………………………………………………… 1,520 7,644 344 6,940 22,980 2,901 2,015 12,864 15,296 1,127 34,111 459 2,647 11,991 683 21,173 43,696 3,030 3,158 24,462 31,748 3,404 53,265 922 1.7 1.6 2.0 3.1 1.9 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.1 3.0 1.6 2.0 70 770 3 1,789 3,970 146 238 2,187 1,803 66 3,725 135 4.6 10.1 .9 25.8 17.3 5.0 11.8 17.0 11.8 5.9 10.9 29.4 Puerto Rico……………………………………………… 13,562 31,169 2.3 2,002 14.8 1 Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. (See the Technical Note for additional information.) 2 See footnote 1, table 1. The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. 3 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 25 Table 22. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Continued claims without earnings1 Measure 2 Total, private nonfarm ………………………………… Initial claims for unemployment insurance Number Average number filed per initial claimant Final payments for unemployment insurance1 Number Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments 833,000 1,685,103 2.0 127,653 15.3 Mining ………………………………………………………… Utilities ………………………………………………………… Construction …………………………………………………… Manufacturing ………………………………………………… Wholesale trade ……………………………………………… Retail trade …………………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing …………………………… Information …………………………………………………… 5,470 1,776 135,313 242,113 13,565 71,265 58,007 22,671 9,100 3,554 245,448 456,073 34,190 145,557 120,809 53,597 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.5 2.0 2.1 2.4 235 296 10,890 36,342 2,647 13,799 7,212 4,582 4.3 16.7 8.0 15.0 19.5 19.4 12.4 20.2 Finance and insurance ……………………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ………………………… Professional and technical services ………………………… Management of companies and enterprises ……………… Administrative and waste services ………………………… Educational services ………………………………………… Health care and social assistance ………………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………………… Accommodation and food services ………………………… Other services, except public administration ……………… 19,938 3,618 31,717 1,865 93,596 3,181 33,935 18,801 63,366 12,623 62,995 5,883 67,290 4,021 189,103 7,658 85,110 37,481 127,575 29,049 3.2 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.3 5,882 513 8,426 272 17,553 671 5,528 2,408 8,323 2,031 29.5 14.2 26.6 14.6 18.8 21.1 16.3 12.8 13.1 16.1 Unclassified establishments ………………………………… 180 610 3.4 43 23.9 Automation ........................................................................ Bankruptcy ........................................................................ Business ownership change ............................................. Contract cancellation ......................................................... Contract completion .......................................................... Energy-related………………………………………………… Environment-related…………………………………………… Financial difficulty .............................................................. Import competition ............................................................. Labor dispute .................................................................... Material shortage ............................................................... 655 15,741 17,928 9,972 134,100 479 3 ( ) 21,779 10,001 7,703 754 1,518 43,466 56,293 21,531 232,026 1,342 3 ( ) 56,523 29,386 20,648 1,355 2.3 2.8 3.1 2.2 1.7 2.8 .1 2.6 2.9 2.7 1.8 126 3,674 5,501 1,826 20,258 64 – 5,290 2,579 1,340 106 19.2 23.3 30.7 18.3 15.1 13.4 – 24.3 25.8 17.4 14.1 Model changeover ............................................................. Natural disaster ................................................................. Non-natural disaster ………………………………………… Plant or machine repair ..................................................... Product line discontinued .................................................. Reorganization within company ........................................ Seasonal work ................................................................... Slack work ......................................................................... Vacation period ................................................................. Weather-related ................................................................ Other ................................................................................. Not reported ...................................................................... 2,852 (3) 3 ( ) 1,762 6,171 81,111 285,841 105,840 13,858 52,366 14,434 48,562 5,088 (3) 3 ( ) 2,156 17,493 218,021 541,040 160,621 25,090 125,149 38,466 85,863 1.8 3.3 2.1 1.2 2.8 2.7 1.9 1.5 1.8 2.4 2.7 1.8 24 106 1,599 19,646 31,164 10,265 540 12,569 3,575 7,148 .8 39.6 30.6 6.0 25.9 24.2 10.9 9.7 3.9 24.0 24.8 14.7 Other selected measures Worksite closures……………………………………………… Recall expected……………………………………………… No recall expected…………………………………………… 87,201 450,337 276,565 255,690 815,407 665,672 2.9 1.8 2.4 24,037 49,901 59,931 27.6 11.1 21.7 Industry Reason for layoff 1 (3) 3 ( ) for MLS claimants is collected weekly. (See the Technical Note for additional information.) The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information 2 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 3 26 Table 23. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events, 50 highest metropolitan areas, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Metropolitan area Initial claims for unemployment insurance 2 Total, 367 metropolitan areas …………………………………… 457,796 3 Continued claims without earnings1 Final payments for unemployment insurance1 Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Number Average number filed per initial claimant Number 988,184 2.2 74,563 16.3 Total, top 50 metropolitan areas ………………………………… 340,155 736,918 2.2 56,728 16.7 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA ………… New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA …………………………………… Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI …………………………………… Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI …………………………………………… Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA …………………………… Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD ………………… Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI ………………………… Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX …………………………………… St. Louis, MO-IL ………………………………………………………… Pittsburgh, PA ………………………………………………………… Gulfport-Biloxi, MS ……………………………………………………… Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH ………………………………… 50,220 41,203 34,125 24,285 17,298 11,910 11,545 10,569 8,996 7,156 6,840 5,656 107,809 114,674 83,264 48,859 37,040 21,435 29,262 17,265 13,232 8,258 6,864 13,400 2.1 2.8 2.4 2.0 2.1 1.8 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.0 2.4 7,916 12,888 5,365 2,759 3,363 1,228 956 1,607 706 315 1 910 15.8 31.3 15.7 11.4 19.4 10.3 8.3 15.2 7.8 4.4 .0 16.1 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY ……………………………………………… Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL …………………………… San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA ……………………………… Indianapolis-Carmel, IN ……………………………………………… Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA ………………………………… Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH ………………………………………… Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN …………………………………… Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN …………………………………… San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA ……………………………… Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX ……………………………………… Columbus, OH ………………………………………………………… Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL ……………………………… Rockford, IL …………………………………………………………… 5,501 4,889 4,816 4,182 4,149 4,144 3,685 3,643 3,530 3,457 3,314 3,284 3,224 10,587 13,829 14,460 8,709 11,550 7,050 3,925 8,623 10,578 7,520 6,829 10,079 8,921 1.9 2.8 3.0 2.1 2.8 1.7 1.1 2.4 3.0 2.2 2.1 3.1 2.8 577 1,643 1,401 743 1,249 240 725 760 1,002 727 361 1,019 380 10.5 33.6 29.1 17.8 30.1 5.8 19.7 20.9 28.4 21.0 10.9 31.0 11.8 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA ……………………………… Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC …………………… Syracuse, NY …………………………………………………………… Rochester, NY ………………………………………………………… Modesto, CA …………………………………………………………… Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA ………………………… Reading, PA …………………………………………………………… Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI ……………………………… Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ ………………………………… Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA ……………………………… Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI …………………………………………… Medford, OR …………………………………………………………… Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA …………………………………………… 3,210 3,083 3,082 3,026 2,953 2,907 2,791 2,738 2,714 2,702 2,687 2,616 2,018 8,672 5,909 5,727 5,397 5,605 5,561 5,101 3,750 1,831 3,924 7,097 2,717 1,746 2.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.4 .7 1.5 2.6 1.0 .9 853 437 327 193 798 347 369 327 69 204 585 128 106 26.6 14.2 10.6 6.4 27.0 11.9 13.2 11.9 2.5 7.5 21.8 4.9 5.3 Dayton, OH ……………………………………………………………… Toledo, OH ……………………………………………………………… York-Hanover, PA ……………………………………………………… Kansas City, MO-KS …………………………………………………… Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA ………………………………………………… Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ ………………………………………… St. Cloud, MN …………………………………………………………… Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC ………………………………… Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA ……………………………………… Kennewick-Richland-Pasco, WA …………………………………… Danville, VA …………………………………………………………… Madison, WI …………………………………………………………… 2,006 1,969 1,902 1,873 1,867 1,830 1,797 1,794 1,765 1,757 1,748 1,699 5,240 3,621 3,041 4,570 3,411 3,540 3,900 6,622 5,295 4,507 3,551 2,561 2.6 1.8 1.6 2.4 1.8 1.9 2.2 3.7 3.0 2.6 2.0 1.5 226 169 151 267 260 346 51 425 454 234 398 163 11.3 8.6 7.9 14.3 13.9 18.9 2.8 23.7 25.7 13.3 22.8 9.6 1 The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. (See the 27 Technical Note for additional information.) 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 The 50 highest metropolitan areas in terms of the level of extended mass layoff initial claims activity are shown. NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are defined in U.S. Office of Management and Budget Bulletin 06-01, December 5, 2005. Table 24. Unemployment insurance benefit exhaustion rates by selected claimant characteristics, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Characteristic Total, private nonfarm 2 …………… Final payments for 1 unemployment insurance Initial claims for unemployment insurance Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments 833,000 127,653 15.3 148,155 298,203 221,502 146,321 18,819 21,712 43,809 33,295 26,840 1,997 14.7 14.7 15.0 18.3 10.6 472,131 357,381 3,488 60,742 66,467 444 12.9 18.6 12.7 491,389 144,893 107,450 4,713 18,048 66,507 60,373 33,164 19,476 683 2,993 10,964 12.3 22.9 18.1 14.5 16.6 16.5 Age Under 30 years of age ………………… 30-44 …………………………………… 45-54 …………………………………… 55 years of age or over ………………… Not available …………………………… Gender Male……………………………………… Female…………………………………… Not available …………………………… Race/ethnicity White……………………………………… Black …………………………………… Hispanic origin ………………………… American Indian or Alaska Native …… Asian or Pacific Islander ……………… Not available …………………………… 1 2 Final payment information for Mass Layoff Statistics claimants is collected weekly. (See the Technical Note for additional information.) See footnote 1, table 1. 28 Table 25. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2003-05 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Census region and division 2003 2004 2005 United States ............................. 2004 2005 6,181 5,010 4,881 1,216,886 993,909 884,356 Northeast ............................................... 1,217 1,141 New England ..................................... Middle Atlantic ................................... 278 939 225 916 1,064 217,246 187,601 179 885 57,421 159,825 37,510 150,091 South ..................................................... 1,445 South Atlantic .................................... East South Central ............................ West South Central ........................... 909 183 353 1,133 1,327 268,119 731 150 252 614 193 520 179,322 29,964 58,833 Midwest ................................................. 1,887 1,719 1,707 East North Central ............................. West North Central ............................ 1,488 399 1,365 354 West ...................................................... 1,632 Mountain ............................................ Pacific ................................................ 245 1,387 1 2003 2004 2005 1,200,811 903,079 833,000 167,798 231,902 218,793 186,838 29,826 137,972 42,203 189,699 37,390 181,403 28,496 158,342 203,660 230,601 265,676 192,170 214,322 140,353 24,817 38,490 115,671 35,127 79,803 155,713 24,361 85,602 123,755 20,249 48,166 109,058 28,902 76,362 353,814 311,669 309,331 379,819 304,668 301,304 1,337 370 282,211 71,603 251,907 59,762 246,230 63,101 313,414 66,405 250,899 53,769 241,955 59,349 1,017 783 377,707 290,979 176,626 323,414 187,448 130,536 170 847 172 611 52,648 325,059 46,073 244,906 51,355 125,271 38,272 285,142 25,901 161,547 22,150 108,386 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The States (and the District of Columbia) that make up the census divisions are: New England–Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic–New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic–Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central–Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and 2003 Tennessee; West South Central–Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central–Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central–Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain–Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific–Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 29 Table 26. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2003-05 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations State 2003 2004 6,181 5,010 4,881 Alabama ..................................................... 30 Alaska ......................................................... 28 Arizona ....................................................... 60 Arkansas .................................................... 16 California .................................................... 1,077 Colorado ..................................................... 65 Connecticut ................................................. 49 2 Delaware .................................................... ( ) District of Columbia .................................... 7 Florida ......................................................... 500 Georgia ....................................................... 96 Hawaii ......................................................... 19 Idaho ........................................................... 44 18 28 43 15 641 48 47 7 2 ( ) 444 83 17 28 Total, private nonfarm1 .................... 2005 2003 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005 1,216,886 993,909 884,356 1,200,811 903,079 833,000 14 21 18 10 430 43 36 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 343 72 13 39 5,200 3,795 8,757 3,456 265,176 20,154 9,949 2 ( ) 739 96,702 19,756 2,565 7,477 3,588 3,548 8,515 3,205 206,787 18,057 12,294 2,035 2 ( ) 85,432 18,024 1,918 4,237 1,639 4,290 5,830 2,067 80,682 24,777 7,575 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 70,295 8,462 1,353 5,537 5,577 3,736 8,789 1,773 230,119 10,681 8,170 2 ( ) 739 80,926 18,543 2,173 8,802 3,709 3,548 7,059 1,454 129,252 6,752 9,538 2,004 2 ( ) 75,089 16,439 1,812 4,196 2,077 3,572 3,296 1,622 76,655 5,803 6,464 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 58,252 11,767 1,406 5,093 Illinois .......................................................... Indiana ........................................................ Iowa ............................................................ Kansas ........................................................ Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine .......................................................... Maryland ..................................................... Massachusetts ............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi .................................................. Missouri ...................................................... 553 157 55 43 63 68 40 22 141 244 170 30 93 461 108 62 40 75 68 25 9 95 290 134 17 76 455 107 55 32 75 389 21 5 80 295 155 63 93 124,748 27,149 8,140 10,532 10,497 8,664 7,957 4,118 34,646 45,443 25,338 4,863 21,695 107,090 21,311 8,693 8,683 11,018 11,093 7,230 1,969 10,007 45,626 20,060 2,589 14,737 101,106 18,373 9,614 5,003 11,038 59,162 6,457 905 10,009 44,482 24,562 14,165 20,045 106,552 37,044 7,743 12,345 7,958 7,003 5,557 2,956 23,313 67,593 23,531 2,824 18,043 88,915 22,617 10,677 5,798 8,367 7,453 4,616 1,547 15,282 57,868 18,838 1,746 13,152 84,287 21,550 10,341 4,379 8,857 49,949 3,180 493 13,223 57,201 23,886 11,028 17,044 Montana ...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire .......................................... New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York .................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota .............................................. Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon ........................................................ Pennsylvania .............................................. 23 21 17 18 213 20 410 141 12 276 39 104 316 13 26 14 19 181 6 416 67 11 288 20 74 319 22 23 12 14 163 10 443 76 7 306 11 49 279 4,275 3,392 3,441 1,755 36,675 2,974 82,161 31,887 1,950 35,822 7,176 14,728 40,989 1,933 4,790 4,163 2,483 30,968 1,593 75,487 10,511 1,523 41,385 2,276 17,198 43,636 2,789 2,453 1,424 2,116 35,402 1,220 70,565 13,831 1,076 48,553 2,042 20,863 32,005 2,942 2,623 2,563 1,862 38,747 2,426 73,111 28,646 1,744 50,503 8,326 18,642 77,841 1,122 3,289 3,655 2,490 33,841 1,149 75,146 8,420 1,533 41,955 2,780 12,739 72,416 2,010 2,283 1,378 2,094 28,006 1,210 75,309 14,938 1,072 44,806 1,811 11,457 55,027 Rhode Island .............................................. South Carolina ............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................ Vermont ...................................................... Virginia ........................................................ Washington ................................................ West Virginia .............................................. Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming .................................................... 19 34 5 60 230 14 11 85 159 20 258 (2) 26 35 5 40 149 14 13 65 87 19 218 (2) 14 39 5 41 110 23 14 66 98 8 174 5 1,935 4,443 556 9,404 39,537 4,653 1,179 18,079 38,795 3,251 49,049 (2) 3,689 5,305 1,276 7,622 21,916 3,885 1,807 12,916 15,455 3,998 36,495 (2) 1,654 6,784 348 8,285 16,532 5,873 2,015 11,680 18,083 1,741 33,716 3,905 2,122 4,310 376 8,002 68,500 1,872 1,179 16,662 30,472 2,584 51,722 (2) 3,680 5,340 482 6,427 36,479 1,450 1,784 11,935 14,196 2,818 39,544 (2) 1,520 7,644 344 6,940 22,980 2,901 2,015 12,864 15,296 1,127 34,111 459 Puerto Rico ................................................. 45 40 52 5,624 4,868 6,545 8,316 9,465 13,562 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 30 Table 27. 50 highest metropolitan areas in 2005: Number of extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector 2004 Metropolitan area Events Total, 367 metropolitan areas2…………………………………… Separations 2005 Rank1 Separations Rank1 2,911 468,767 … 2,085 350,694 … Events 2,783 470,527 Total, 50 highest metropolitan areas……………………………… 1,896 339,946 New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA ................................................... New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA ................ Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI ................................................. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA ....................................... Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI .............................................................. Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI ..................................... St. Louis, MO-IL ............................................................................... Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL ........................................ Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD ......................... Gulfport-Biloxi, MS ........................................................................... 11 296 240 135 97 58 21 57 77 – 2,080 51,118 49,652 22,674 12,515 7,908 4,843 10,492 10,625 – 48 1 2 3 4 9 18 6 5 310 324 305 217 108 122 77 40 46 64 23 48,175 47,597 41,946 16,944 15,797 13,360 11,249 7,628 7,627 7,105 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA ........................................... San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA ............................................. San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA ............................................. Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH ................................................ Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH ........................................................... Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .................................................. Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN .................................................. Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY ................................................................ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL ............................................ Medford, OR .................................................................................... 30 20 41 68 27 52 21 37 23 9 10,456 2,766 7,764 7,261 2,744 5,474 3,121 8,432 3,810 4,905 7 40 10 12 41 15 36 8 26 16 19 33 36 40 31 44 28 37 18 5 6,837 6,440 5,831 5,166 4,920 4,900 4,887 4,860 4,829 4,680 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Pittsburgh, PA ................................................................................. Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN ................................................... Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX ...................................................... Columbus, OH ................................................................................. Rockford, IL ..................................................................................... Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ ......................................................... Indianapolis-Carmel, IN ................................................................... Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA ............................................... Salt Lake City, UT ........................................................................... Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC ............................... 51 16 21 23 19 28 20 20 8 20 6,318 1,514 3,221 3,831 4,025 5,706 3,530 3,939 3,218 4,858 13 63 34 25 22 14 30 24 35 17 40 28 16 24 13 12 22 28 7 14 4,377 4,343 4,201 3,937 3,837 3,678 3,601 3,191 2,890 2,794 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Syracuse, NY ................................................................................... Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI ............................................................ Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA ........................................... Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA .................................... Modesto, CA .................................................................................... Dayton, OH ...................................................................................... Jackson, MS .................................................................................... Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA ........................................................ Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI ............................................ Merced, CA ...................................................................................... 8 22 31 23 9 8 5 20 (3) 875 3,021 4,143 7,593 3,979 1,131 1,671 4,720 (3) 9 2,260 99 37 21 11 23 82 57 19 178 44 19 20 19 14 12 13 6 14 8 8 2,637 2,505 2,462 2,438 2,386 2,351 2,329 2,214 2,210 2,150 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Richmond, VA ................................................................................. Fresno, CA ...................................................................................... Kansas City, MO-KS ........................................................................ Toledo, OH ...................................................................................... Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA ........................................ Orlando-Kissimmee, FL ................................................................... Kennewick-Richland-Pasco, WA .................................................... Reading, PA .................................................................................... Madison, WI .................................................................................... Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ ............................................. 6 12 16 12 22 11 (3) 684 3,376 2,898 2,010 3,629 1,195 (3) 7 6 17 934 462 1,628 120 32 38 50 29 79 228 90 158 58 12 13 13 17 9 13 8 20 10 16 2,129 2,077 2,048 1,995 1,978 1,941 1,870 1,869 1,747 1,731 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 3 Metropolitan areas are ranked by the number of separations in 2005. See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. … NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are defined in U.S. Office of Management and Budget Bulletin 06-01, December 5, 2005. 31 Table 28. Summary of employer expectations of a recall from extended mass layoffs, private nonfarm sector, 1998-2005 1 Percent of events Nature of recall 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 55.0 53.0 55.0 39.0 41.4 43.2 51.1 56.2 82.6 54.1 83.7 45.4 83.2 45.8 79.6 45.3 79.1 45.9 82.4 47.2 84.2 47.7 87.1 50.1 92.1 64.1 88.9 50.7 89.5 50.5 84.2 40.5 89.8 41.6 87.5 43.7 90.1 47.1 90.6 47.9 90.8 93.9 94.5 90.1 92.6 94.2 95.1 94.8 88.9 50.3 89.8 42.2 88.3 42.1 88.2 40.8 86.7 45.1 87.5 44.5 87.7 43.0 91.5 45.9 97.2 71.0 96.5 58.0 95.8 56.7 95.2 53.8 96.0 54.2 95.2 54.1 96.3 54.7 96.7 55.0 Anticipate a recall………………………………………… 38.9 32.3 33.5 25.3 23.5 23.4 26.6 31.6 Timeframe Within 6 months…………………………………………… Within 3 months……………………………………… 75.9 58.0 74.6 50.0 75.4 51.6 71.3 49.5 68.6 47.0 74.4 51.4 77.1 56.9 78.5 58.7 Size of recall At least half………………………………………………… All workers……………………………………………… 86.7 56.9 77.8 40.0 79.8 40.8 73.7 27.8 81.3 24.5 75.5 27.3 77.7 31.9 78.9 34.3 ALL LAYOFF EVENTS Anticipate a recall………………………………………… Timeframe Within 6 months…………………………………………… Within 3 months……………………………………… Size of recall At least half………………………………………………… All workers……………………………………………… LAYOFF EVENTS DUE TO SEASONAL WORK AND VACATION PERIOD Anticipate a recall………………………………………… Timeframe Within 6 months…………………………………………… Within 3 months……………………………………… Size of recall At least half………………………………………………… All workers……………………………………………… ALL LAYOFFS EVENTS, EXCLUDING THOSE DUE TO SEASONAL WORK AND VACATION PERIOD 1 See footnote 1, table1. 32 Table 29. Distribution of extended mass layoff events with expected recall, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 1997-2005 Percent of layoff events Measure 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 55.0 53.0 55.0 39.0 41.4 43.2 51.1 56.2 Mining ……………………………………………… Utilities ……………………………………………… Construction ………………………………………… Manufacturing ……………………………………… Wholesale trade …………………………………… Retail trade ………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ………………… Information ………………………………………… Finance and insurance …………………………… 42.2 11.1 69.3 55.6 43.5 29.3 72.2 25.0 3.8 34.1 55.6 72.7 47.5 36.8 32.5 73.4 25.9 5.4 61.1 31.8 81.6 48.5 35.5 29.1 70.3 26.0 5.3 62.3 26.3 72.6 33.5 18.3 21.2 54.9 8.6 2.8 59.0 31.6 76.5 33.2 32.0 19.4 53.3 10.7 2.0 68.6 27.3 71.9 38.7 26.6 25.7 54.8 9.8 3.4 77.5 46.2 76.7 43.8 36.2 27.6 68.7 12.4 5.1 90.9 53.8 80.2 48.2 44.1 31.3 65.3 17.5 8.2 Real estate and rental and leasing ……………… Professional and technical services ……………… Management of companies and enterprises …… Administrative and waste services ……………… Educational services ……………………………… Health care and social assistance ……………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ……………… Accommodation and food services ……………… Other services, except public administration …… 50.0 49.1 63.6 43.4 61.5 61.3 68.3 66.7 83.1 61.5 50.4 33.3 37.9 55.6 63.3 83.2 70.2 80.5 41.2 50.8 50.0 52.2 54.5 56.6 81.7 73.5 82.3 24.2 20.6 37.5 38.8 33.3 68.4 76.2 55.0 72.0 29.4 30.9 25.0 37.2 57.9 63.1 82.3 62.3 72.5 13.6 32.7 35.0 31.3 48.1 60.9 68.6 64.8 66.7 23.1 42.4 23.8 34.7 68.8 69.7 83.3 69.4 64.8 31.6 46.8 42.9 42.6 50.0 69.1 77.8 65.8 71.3 Unclassified establishments ……………………… – 30.4 32.3 28.9 9.1 57.1 50.0 Automation .......................................................... Bankruptcy .......................................................... Business ownership change ............................... Contract cancellation .......................................... Contract completion ............................................ Domestic relocation ............................................ Energy-related……………………………………… Environment-related………………………………… Financial difficulty ................................................ Import competition .............................................. Labor dispute ...................................................... Material shortage ................................................ 66.7 5.1 9.3 26.2 41.8 4.5 33.3 80.0 9.9 18.9 79.0 87.0 20.0 2.8 7.5 25.6 46.6 5.5 50.0 7.7 8.6 5.3 61.5 70.0 – 2.6 3.3 27.4 57.0 – 40.0 28.6 6.8 9.5 46.4 83.3 36.4 2.4 4.3 16.7 52.2 5.0 20.0 – 8.1 9.2 58.3 40.0 40.0 3.7 3.9 13.3 53.1 4.9 33.3 66.7 6.3 9.5 57.1 44.4 – 2.3 5.8 13.6 41.6 2.0 – 60.0 6.7 5.4 57.9 80.0 – – 4.7 9.0 38.6 2 ( ) – 50.0 2.7 7.8 45.2 80.0 33.3 2.2 1.9 15.5 42.8 2 ( ) – 100.0 5.2 5.4 55.6 50.0 Model changeover .............................................. Natural disaster ................................................... Non-natural disaster ............................................ Overseas relocation ............................................ Plant or machine repair ....................................... Product line discontinued .................................... Reorganization within company .......................... Seasonal work .................................................... Slack work .......................................................... Vacation period ................................................... Weather-related .................................................. Other ................................................................... Not reported ........................................................ 84.2 40.0 (3) 5.7 90.0 22.2 11.5 90.4 70.3 97.5 97.1 28.3 1.1 80.0 – (3) – 92.3 17.1 12.4 93.9 69.6 94.2 97.3 20.2 1.2 77.8 – (3) 2.3 84.2 20.0 11.1 94.3 69.8 98.7 85.9 26.8 .8 53.8 75.0 3 6.7 1.3 100.0 5.0 6.1 89.4 42.3 99.2 90.2 15.0 .7 40.0 100.0 37.5 4.4 83.3 7.1 4.4 92.3 36.8 97.5 91.9 16.7 .3 66.7 33.3 – 1.6 95.8 2.9 6.6 93.9 47.8 98.1 95.8 11.8 – 77.8 100.0 100.0 (2) 94.7 8.6 6.0 95.0 62.0 97.3 96.8 16.8 – 71.4 50.0 100.0 (2) 90.0 15.0 5.2 94.5 64.8 100.0 42.5 17.0 – 1 Total, private nonfarm ……………………… Industry – Reason for layoff 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. 3 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the 2 third quarter of 2001, in order to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Thus, data for 2001 pertain to the third and fourth quarters only. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 33 Table 30. Number of extended mass layoff events and separations from which the employer does not expect a recall, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2005 Measure Events Total, private nonfarm1…………………………………… Separations 1,555 290,034 Industry Mining …………………………………………………………… Utilities …………………………………………………………… Construction ……………………………………………………… Manufacturing …………………………………………………… Wholesale trade ………………………………………………… Retail trade ……………………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ……………………………… Information ……………………………………………………… Finance and insurance ………………………………………… 2 2 ( ) (2) 146 535 48 153 76 68 74 ( ) (2) 17,046 96,378 6,033 36,064 23,169 12,289 13,759 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………… Professional and technical services …………………………… Management of companies and enterprises ………………… Administrative and waste services …………………………… Educational services …………………………………………… Health care and social assistance …………………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………… Accommodation and food services …………………………… Other services, except public administration ………………… 8 57 6 234 7 53 18 47 19 1,214 8,935 965 48,862 774 8,307 4,398 7,665 3,103 Unclassified establishments …………………………………… 1 200 Reason for layoff Automation ........................................................................... Bankruptcy ........................................................................... Business ownership change ................................................. Contract cancellation ............................................................ Contract completion ............................................................. Energy-related…………………………………………………… Environment-related…………………………………………… Financial difficulty ................................................................. Import competition ................................................................ Labor dispute ........................................................................ Material shortage .................................................................. Model changeover ................................................................ Natural disaster .................................................................... Non-natural disaster ............................................................. Plant or machine repair ........................................................ Product line discontinued ..................................................... Reorganization within company ........................................... Seasonal work ...................................................................... Slack work ............................................................................ Vacation period .................................................................... Weather-related ................................................................... Other .................................................................................... Not reported ......................................................................... Internal company restructuring3………………………………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Internal company restructuring consists of bank2 34 (2) 81 100 54 347 4 – 125 52 5 2 ( ) 2 (2) 20,062 22,211 8,937 59,069 983 – 23,347 9,373 4,047 2 ( ) 2 ( ) (2) – – 17 54 17 ( ) (2) – – 6,611 74,209 22,128 22,925 – 2,819 8,919 3,315 719 139,829 34 413 79 166 – ruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 31. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by primary reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2001–05 Layoff events Separations Reason for layoff 2001 1 Total, all reasons .......................... 1,240 2002 1,155 2003 2004 2005 2001 2002 2003 919 746 560 377,360 298,634 210,903 2 2004 2005 159,867 107,325 2 Automation ....................................... – Bankruptcy ........................................ 206 82 Business ownership change ............. 35 Contract cancellation ........................ Contract completion ......................... 6 76 Domestic relocation .......................... Energy–related………………………… 6 2 Environment–related………………… ( ) Financial difficulty ............................. 294 77 Import competition ............................ Labor dispute .................................... (2) – 155 85 61 13 80 2 ( ) – 216 49 – – 122 51 28 21 70 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 169 78 (2) ( ) 70 59 39 20 (3) – – 140 31 5 – 59 46 22 15 (3) 2 ( ) – 85 32 (2) – 112,021 32,606 8,919 1,735 14,616 1,457 2 ( ) 70,656 17,802 (2) – 63,346 23,719 15,704 6,096 15,956 2 ( ) – 57,542 10,614 – – 42,824 15,433 7,239 3,698 12,032 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 38,867 17,672 (2) ( ) 16,759 10,206 7,202 3,780 (3) – – 30,248 6,272 1,396 – 16,654 8,651 3,180 1,721 (3) 2 ( ) – 16,336 6,091 (2) (2) (2) – 4 7 49 – 7 178 13 96 – – 75 25 3 – – 2 ( ) 38 2 ( ) 10 221 (2) 129 – 2 ( ) 44 44 – (2) (2) – 35 2 ( ) 11 194 – 62 – – 39 31 (2) (2) – – 3 ( ) 2 ( ) 14 231 – 40 – 2 ( ) 66 25 (2) – (2) – 3 ( ) – 16 181 6 35 – 14 31 13 (2) (2) – 4 2,404 10,512 – 3,960 50,759 2,724 26,472 – – 16,187 3,134 629 – – 2 ( ) 8,276 2 ( ) 1,304 48,375 (2) 23,027 – 2 ( ) 10,956 11,761 – (2) (2) – 9,445 2 ( ) 1,744 35,491 – 11,237 – – 9,460 4,440 (2) (2) – – 3 ( ) 2 ( ) 4,285 53,519 – 6,333 – 2 ( ) 14,992 3,790 (2) – (2) – 3 ( ) – 2,699 34,693 585 5,712 – 2,083 5,593 2,274 Internal company restructuring5……… 760 677 536 500 371 266,042 192,982 132,615 110,732 76,334 Material shortage .............................. Model changeover ............................ Natural disaster ................................ Non–natural disaster ........................ Overseas relocation ......................... Plant or machine repair .................... Product line discontinued ................. Reorganization within company ........ Seasonal work .................................. Slack work ........................................ Vacation period ................................ Weather–related ............................... Other ................................................. Not reported ...................................... 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 2 3 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. 4 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter 2001 in order to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Thus, data for 2001 pertain to the third and fourth quarters only. 5 Internal company restructuring consists of bankuptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 35 Table 32. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by major industry sector, private nonfarm sector, 2001–05 Layoffs Separations Industry 2001 1 Total, private nonfarm ................................ 1,240 2002 1,155 2003 2004 2005 919 746 560 2 2 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 377,360 298,634 210,903 159,867 107,325 2 2 Mining ………………………………………………… 9 Utilities ………………………………………………… ( 2 ) Construction ………………………………………… 19 Manufacturing ………………………………………… 650 Wholesale trade ……………………………………… 51 Retail trade …………………………………………… 189 Transportation and warehousing …………………… 37 71 Information …………………………………………… Finance and insurance ……………………………… 38 11 (2) 14 575 42 169 71 52 39 5 (2) 18 469 42 123 29 37 39 ( ) – 16 357 28 94 24 30 36 ( ) – 24 249 17 74 25 15 27 2,812 (2) 2,055 165,004 11,328 69,961 10,405 18,489 10,636 1,761 (2) 2,820 116,142 7,099 74,152 25,682 10,745 9,279 1,222 (2) 5,068 94,990 6,815 45,136 8,931 8,048 9,270 ( ) – 2,718 71,013 4,815 24,921 5,423 8,282 8,714 ( ) – 3,270 48,184 2,491 17,244 4,965 2,906 5,119 Real estate and rental and leasing ………………… 8 Professional and technical services ……………… 41 Management of companies and enterprises ……… ( 2 ) Administrative and waste services ………………… 49 6 Educational services ………………………………… 23 Health care and social assistance ………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………… 7 Accommodation and food services ………………… 28 4 Other services, except public administration ……… 5 24 4 72 2 ( ) 30 4 17 17 (2) 20 4 64 – 27 7 18 12 5 26 2 ( ) 38 2 ( ) 35 (2) 34 13 (2) 8 2 ( ) 29 5 31 8 28 15 3,216 7,601 2 ( ) 55,019 834 5,149 1,978 9,960 463 674 6,612 1,150 24,780 2 ( ) 5,954 3,685 3,307 3,430 (2) 3,877 1,001 14,926 – 4,285 1,398 3,796 1,660 1,299 4,136 2 ( ) 9,345 2 ( ) 7,397 (2) 8,410 1,868 (2) 1,503 2 ( ) 5,609 568 5,818 1,208 4,935 2,517 5 1 – – 1,940 896 51 – – Unclassified establishments ………………………… 7 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 36 Table 33. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 50 highest three–digit NAICS industries in 2005 Permanent closures Industry NAICS 2004 Events Separations 2005 Rank 1 Events Separations Rank1 Total, private nonfarm2 ................................... … 746 159,867 … 560 107,325 … Total, 50 highest industries ....................................... … 704 153,320 … 520 101,695 … Food and beverage stores …………………………… Transportation equipment manufacturing …………… Food manufacturing …………………………………… Administrative and support services ………………… Fabricated metal product manufacturing …………… Computer and electronic product manufacturing …… Credit intermediation and related activities ………… Machinery manufacturing ……………………………… Furniture and related product manufacturing ……… Primary metal manufacturing ………………………… 445 336 311 561 332 334 522 333 337 331 27 35 43 37 28 29 21 13 28 10 8,210 7,680 11,025 8,545 4,651 6,091 6,232 2,322 6,041 2,065 3 4 1 2 12 6 5 23 8 27 24 35 34 28 23 18 17 10 17 11 7,924 7,371 6,053 5,409 4,504 4,200 3,973 3,379 3,277 2,756 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Hospitals ………………………………………………… Electrical equipment and appliance mfg. …………… Accommodation ………………………………………… Apparel manufacturing ………………………………… Food services and drinking places …………………… General merchandise stores ………………………… Nursing and residential care facilities ………………… Plastics and rubber products manufacturing ………… Specialty trade contractors …………………………… Textile mills ……………………………………………… 622 335 721 315 722 452 623 326 238 313 15 13 8 20 26 19 11 30 8 19 4,300 2,654 2,637 5,176 5,773 4,016 1,279 4,807 1,175 3,654 13 20 21 10 9 15 36 11 39 17 13 8 14 17 14 15 10 14 14 13 2,718 2,711 2,706 2,387 2,229 2,201 2,104 1,932 1,916 1,794 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Air transportation ……………………………………… Paper manufacturing …………………………………… Professional and technical services ………………… Warehousing and storage …………………………… Motion picture and sound recording industries ……… Furniture and home furnishings stores ……………… Building material and garden supply stores ………… Wood product manufacturing ………………………… Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods …………… Personal and laundry services ………………………… 481 322 541 493 512 442 444 321 424 812 8 20 26 5 2,266 2,778 4,136 806 (2) 939 1,233 865 3,184 829 25 19 14 47 61 44 37 45 18 46 7 11 8 6 4 6 4 9 7 11 1,682 1,562 1,503 1,480 1,323 1,264 1,263 1,261 1,254 1,175 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Textile product mills …………………………………… Chemical manufacturing ……………………………… Electronics and appliance stores ……………………… Clothing and clothing accessories stores …………… Amusements, gambling, and recreation ……………… Insurance carriers and related activities ……………… Construction of buildings ……………………………… Nonstore retailers ……………………………………… Merchant wholesalers, durable goods ……………… Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing ………… 314 325 443 448 713 524 236 454 423 327 1,515 1,995 1,311 3,839 – 1,038 1,209 479 1,134 2,205 31 28 35 16 70 42 38 57 40 26 6 5 6 8 5 8 7 4 6 5 1,172 1,112 1,090 1,070 988 921 885 833 823 792 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Repair and maintenance ……………………………… Truck transportation …………………………………… Miscellaneous manufacturing ………………………… Telecommunications …………………………………… ISPs, search portals, and data processing ………… Health and personal care stores ……………………… Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing ……… Transit and ground passenger transportation ……… Miscellaneous store retailers ………………………… Educational services …………………………………… 811 484 339 517 518 446 312 485 453 611 501 1,929 2,637 6,076 1,414 1,478 (2) 2 ( ) 636 2 ( ) 55 30 21 7 34 32 64 65 52 69 (2) 761 739 682 2 ( ) (2) (2) 635 592 568 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 3 (2) 6 3 8 17 7 8 14 7 10 – 8 5 3 8 11 4 8 14 21 5 5 (2) 2 ( ) 4 2 ( ) Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2005. See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 37 (2) 4 6 7 (2) (2) (2) 5 4 5 Table 34. Permanent worksite closures: Over-the-year comparisons of extended mass layoff events and separations by State, private nonfarm sector, 2004-2005 Layoffs Separations State 2004 1 Total, private nonfarm …… Alabama……………………… Alaska………………………… Arizona………………………… Arkansas……………………… California……………………… Colorado……………………… Connecticut…………………… Delaware……………………… District of Columbia………… Florida………………………… Georgia……………………… Hawaii………………………… Idaho…………………………… 746 2005 2004 2005 Change -186 159,867 107,325 -52,542 -2 50 29 ( ) 3 ( ) – -38 -1 -7 – – -13 13 2 ( ) – 1,196 – 2,040 1,211 29,068 1,807 1,758 – – 12,358 3,673 440 420 302 – 2 ( ) 741 15,027 1,086 768 – – 12,172 3,519 2 ( ) 341 -894 – 2 ( ) -470 -14,041 -721 -990 – – -186 -154 2 ( ) -79 29 9 3 4 14 14 4 2 ( ) 6 26 3 7 9 -30 -11 -5 -8 -13 5 -1 2 ( ) -10 – -1 -3 1 13,853 5,208 1,485 3,703 4,569 2,311 1,583 1,527 2,263 4,796 838 2,002 1,704 7,090 2,734 1,720 592 2,186 1,974 772 2 ( ) 1,144 4,485 440 1,184 1,435 -6,763 -2,474 235 -3,111 -2,383 -337 -811 2 ( ) -1,119 -311 -398 -818 -269 – 560 5 – 3 – 6 3 127 5 11 – – 63 16 3 3 59 20 8 12 27 9 5 6 16 26 4 10 8 Illinois………………………… Indiana………………………… Iowa…………………………… Kansas………………………… Kentucky……………………… Louisiana……………………… Maine………………………… Maryland……………………… Massachusetts……………… Michigan……………………… Minnesota…………………… Mississippi…………………… Missouri……………………… Change 2 Montana……………………… Nebraska……………………… Nevada ................................ New Hampshire ................... New Jersey .......................... New Mexico ......................... New York……………………… North Carolina………………… North Dakota………………… Ohio…………………………… Oklahoma…………………… Oregon………………………… Pennsylvania………………… ( ) ( ) 38 3 38 26 – 51 9 10 14 Rhode Island………………… South Carolina……………… South Dakota………………… Tennessee…………………… Texas………………………… Utah…………………………… Vermont……………………… Virginia………………………… Washington…………………… West Virginia………………… Wisconsin…………………… Wyoming……………………… 4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 22 16 (2) – 17 5 6 19 – – 2 2 ( ) 3 89 4 4 – – 2 2 – 5 4 2 2 2 ( ) 28 2 ( ) 61 30 – 31 6 3 5 ( ) (2) -1 (2) -10 2 ( ) 23 4 – -20 -3 -7 -9 ( ) 2,054 2,214 (2) 8,130 489 6,393 5,091 – 9,850 1,275 1,879 4,330 ( ) 344 (2) 5,179 2 ( ) 10,309 4,952 – 6,060 1,507 500 1,319 ( ) (2) -1,870 (2) -2,951 2 ( ) 3,916 -139 – -3,790 232 -1,379 -3,011 – 2 ( ) – 24 18 (2) (2) 12 4 (2) 7 – -4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 2 (2) (2) -5 -1 (2) -12 – 424 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 4,910 4,733 (2) – 2,976 661 1,118 2,610 – – 2 ( ) – 6,271 3,863 (2) (2) 2,118 757 (2) 2,155 – -424 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 1,361 -870 (2) (2) -858 96 (2) -455 – 2 ( ) 3 2 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 2 38 2 Table 35. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, 25 highest metropolitan areas, private nonfarm sector, 2005 2004 2005 Metropolitan Area Events 1 Separations Rank 511 102,207 … 413 76,450 … Total, 25 highest metropolitan areas……………………………… 264 58,246 … 246 48,439 … New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA…………… Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA…………………………… Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL………………………………… Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI…………………………………… Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA………………………………… Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN…………………………………… San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA………………………………… Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL……………………………… 42 48 9 36 6 8 4 16 8,079 10,395 1,410 7,770 1,379 1,337 857 2,639 2 1 13 3 14 15 30 4 57 29 9 16 6 5 11 14 10,202 5,102 3,548 3,353 2,426 1,798 1,750 1,687 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (3) 3 ( ) 993 1,744 1,236 458 601 3 ( ) 36 119 24 9 16 56 46 71 12 8 12 12 7 4 7 3 ( ) 1,648 1,509 1,493 1,396 1,249 1,228 1,083 3 ( ) 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 (3) 170 458 400 1,948 3 ( ) – 530 1,840 86 116 56 65 6 102 168 52 8 (3) (3) 969 924 903 844 837 823 820 799 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Total, 367 metropolitan areas2…………………………………… New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA……………………………………… Orlando-Kissimmee, FL………………………………………………… Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA…………………………………… San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA………………………………… Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI……………………………………………… Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH…………………………………………… St. Louis, MO-IL………………………………………………………… Raleigh-Cary, NC………………………………………………………… (3) 3 ( ) Tulsa, OK………………………………………………………………… Memphis, TN-MS-AR…………………………………………………… Dayton, OH……………………………………………………………… Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX…………………………………… Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX………………………………………… Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN……………………………………… Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL…………………………………… Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD…………………… Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH…………………………………… (3) 4 10 10 4 3 3 ( ) 3 3 3 7 3 ( ) – 3 14 1 Events 5 3 6 3 6 3 4 4 Separations Rank NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are defined in U.S. Office of Management and Budget Bulletin 06-01, December 5, 2005. Dash represents zero. Metropolitan areas are ranked by the number of separations in 2005. See footnote 1, table 1. 3 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 2 39 1 Technical Note T he Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a Federal-State program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each State’s unemployment insurance (UI) database. Establishments that have at least 50 initial claims for unemployment insurance filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period are contacted by the State agency in charge of the UI program to determine whether these separations are of at least 31 days duration, and, if so, information is obtained on the total number of persons separated and the reasons for these separations. Establishments are identified according to industry classification and location, and unemployment insurance claimants are identified by such demographic factors as age, race, sex, ethnic group, and place of residence. The MLS program yields information on an individual’s entire spell of unemployment, to the point at which regular unemployment insurance benefits are exhausted. Beginning with data for 2004, the scope of extended mass layoffs and plant closings was redefined to cover only the private nonfarm economy. Therefore, extended mass layoff information for agriculture and government are no longer collected. communications; other telecommunications; and communication equipment repair. Computer hardware. The industries included in this grouping, which are from the Digital Economy, 2003, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, are: Semiconductor machinery manufacturing; office machinery manufacturing; electronic computer manufacturing; computer storage device manufacturing; computer terminal manufacturing; other computer peripheral equipment manufacturing; electron tube manufacturing; bare printed circuit board manufacturing; semiconductors and related device manufacturing; electronic capacitor manufacturing; electronic resistor manufacturing; electronic coils, transformers, and inductors; electronic connector manufacturing; printed circuit assembly manufacturing; other electronic component manufacturing; industrial process variable instruments; electricity and signal testing instruments; analytical laboratory instrument manufacturing; computer and software merchant wholesalers; and computer and software stores. Continued claim. A claim filed after the initial claim, by mail, telephone, or in person, for waiting period credit or payment for a certified week of unemployment. The MLS program collects continued claims for 1 week each month. That is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th day of the month and is referred to as the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week. Because continued claims are not tracked for all weeks, an exact measure of insured jobless duration is not available. Definitions Clothing manufacturing and distribution. Industries involved in the production and distribution of clothing. These industries include textile mills; apparel manufacturing; footwear manufacturing; apparel and piece goods merchant wholesalers; clothing stores; shoe stores; department stores; and formal wear and costume rental. Establishment. A unit at a single physical location at which predominantly one type of economic activity is conducted. Communications equipment. The industries included in this grouping, which are from the Digital Economy, 2003, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, are: Telephone apparatus manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; broadcast and wireless communications equipment; fiber optic cable manufacturing; software reproducing; and magnetic and optical recording media manufacturing. Extended layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment during a 5-week period, with at least 50 workers separated for more than 30 days. Final payment recipients. Persons who have exhausted all of their unemployment insurance benefits and are no longer eligible for any further benefits. Communications services. The industries included in this grouping, which are from the Digital Economy, 2003, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, are: Wired telecommunications carriers; cellular and other wireless carriers; telecommunications resellers; cable and other program distribution; satellite tele- Food processing and distribution. Industries that are involved in the production and distribution of food. These industries include food manufacturing; beverage manufacturing; grocery and related product wholesalers; 40 farm product raw material merchant wholesalers; alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers; farm supplies merchant wholesalers; food and beverage stores; food (health) supplement stores; refrigerated warehousing and storage; farm product warehousing and storage; veterinary services; and food services and drinking places. associated with job loss, by adding questions that address movement of work. The term “moving work” means that the company experiencing the layoff has reassigned work activities that were performed at a worksite by the company’s employees (1) to another worksite within the company; (2) to another company under formal arrangements at the same worksite; or (3) to another company under formal arrangements at another worksite. The type of work activities subject to movement can include accounting, customer service, cleaning, warehousing, etc. “Overseas relocation” is the movement of work from within the United States to locations outside of the United States “Overseas relocation” can occur within the same company and involve movement of work to a different location of that company outside of the United States, or to a different company altogether. “Domestic relocation” is the movement of work to other locations inside the United States, either within the same company or to a different company. “Overseas relocation” and “domestic relocation” are no longer used in the same way as they were in earlier extended mass layoff reports. Therefore, the data presented in this report are not comparable to those that were presented in earlier reports. Questions on movement of work and location are asked for all identified layoff events when the reason for separation is other than “seasonal work” or “vacation period.” Seasonal and vacation layoff events were excluded because movement of work appears unlikely. Questions on movement of work are asked after the State analyst verifies that a layoff in fact occurred and lasted more than 30 days, and obtained the total number of workers separated from jobs, the date the layoff began, and the economic reason for the layoff. If the reason for layoff is other than seasonal or vacation, the employer is asked the following: Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of eligibility. Layoff. The separation of persons from an employer as part of a mass layoff event. (See below.) Such layoffs involve both persons who are subject to recall and those who are terminated. Mass layoff (event). Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment beginning in a given month, regardless of duration. Movement-of-work action: Employer confirmed relocation of work within the same company or to other companies, domestically or outside the U.S. Because employers may cite more than one location to which work is moving, a layoff event may have more than one action associated with it. Movement-of-work separations: The number of separations specifically associated with movement-of-work actions. Separations: The total number of people laid-off in an extended mass layoff event for more than 30 days, according to the employer. Software and computer services. The industries included in this grouping, which are from the Digital Economy, 2003, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, are: Software publishers; internet service providers; web search portals; data processing and related services; computer and software merchant wholesalers; computer and software stores; custom computer programming services; computer systems design services; computer facilities management services; other computer related services; office equipment rental and leasing; and computer and office machine repair. (1) “Did this layoff include your company moving work from this location(s) to a different geographic location(s) within your company?” (2) “Did this layoff include your company moving work that was performed in-house by your employees to a different company, through contractual arrangements?” A “yes” response to either question is followed by: “Is the location inside or outside of the U.S.?” and “How many of the layoffs were a result of this relocation?” Worksite closure. The full closure of either multi-unit or single-unit establishments or the partial closure of a multiunit establishment where entire worksites affected by layoffs are closed or planned to be closed. Layoff actions are classified as “overseas relocation” if the employer responds “yes” to questions 1 and/or 2, and indicates that the location(s) was outside of the United States. Domestic relocation is determined if the employer responds “yes” to questions 1 and/or 2 and indicates that the location(s) was within the United States. Movement of work concepts and questions Because of the employer interview component, the BLS decided to use the MLS program as a vehicle for collecting additional information on offshoring and outsourcing 41 occur but are not likely to be significant. While the MLS establishments and layoff events are not subject to sampling error, and all such employers are asked the employer interview questions, the employer responses are subject to nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the inability to obtain information for all respondents, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For 2005, outright refusal to participate in the employer interview accounted for 2.8 percent of all private nonfarm events. Employers in 104 instances were included in the total number of actions entailing movement of work, but were unable to provide the number of separations specifically associated with the movement of work. Out-of-country moves were involved in 41 of these instances. Material in this report is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be used without permission. The information in this report is available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339. E-mail address: mlsinfo@bls.gov. After asking the movement of work questions, the employer interview continues and responses are obtained for questions on recall expectations and open/closed status of the worksite. The MLS program uses a range to report separations associated with movement of work. The data provided by respondents on the number of separations associated with specific movement of work actions establish a lower bound. The upper bound is the total number of separations in extended mass layoff events where there was some movement of work. The difference between the lower and upper bounds includes an unknown number of separations that were not due to movement of work and an unknown number of separations from movement of work actions where employers could not provide detail. Reliability of the data The identification of establishments and layoff events in the MLS program and associated characteristics of claimants is based on administrative data on covered establishments and unemployment insurance claims, and, therefore, is not subject to issues associated with sampling error. Nonsampling errors such as typographical errors may 42
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