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Extended Mass Layoffs in 2001 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics August 2002 Report 963 Introduction Highlights he Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) conducts the mass layoff statistics program to provide information on large-scale layoff events and on the characteristics of dislocated workers. Each month, BLS reports on the number of mass layoff actions by employers and, each quarter, there is a separate report on the number and characteristics of those mass layoffs that last more than 30 days. This report extends that analysis for the entire 2001 calendar year, providing information on the industry, geographic distribution, and size of mass layoffs; the demographic characteristics of those claiming unemployment insurance; the duration of certified unemployment; the expectation of recall; and the extent of permanent worksite closures. In 2001, employers laid off approximately 1.8 million workers in 8,352 extended mass layoff actions. Layoff activity rose sharply in 2001, reaching the highest layoff event and separation levels since BLS studies of mass layoffs were reinstated in 1995. These higher levels of layoff activity continued through each quarter of 2001, with the fourth quarter of 2001 registering the highest layoff event and separation figures in the programs history. (See table 1.) In 2001, internal company restructuring surpassed seasonal work for the first time as the reason for layoffs most cited by employers. Over the 2000-2001 period, the annual average national unemployment rate increased from 4.0 percent to 4.8 percent, and nonfarm payroll employment increased by only 0.2 percent, or 202,000 jobs. This report presents recent data from the BLS Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program. Extended mass layoffs refer to layoffs of at least 31 days duration that involve the filing of initial claims for unemployment insurance by 50 or more individuals from a single establishment during a consecutive 5week period. This report uses the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for the assignment and tabulation of layoff data by industry. However, appendix A, included at the end of the report, displays selected tables of 2001 industry data using the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Additional information about the MLS program is provided in the form of a technical note in appendix B. Industry distribution of 2001 mass layoffs Manufacturing industries accounted for 40 percent of layoff events and 37 percent of separations in the private sector in 2001, up from one-third of both events and separations in 2000. Layoffs in manufacturing were most prevalent in computer and electronic products (mostly semiconductors and electronic components), transportation equipment, and food manufacturing. These three sectors accounted for 41 percent of the layoff events and 46 percent of the separations in manufacturing in 2001. In contrast to developments in 2000, the largest increase in laid-off workers in manufacturing64,893, or 1,564 percentoccurred among establishments manufacturing semiconductor and electronic components. (See table 2.) T Agriculture accounted for more than 9 percent of all layoff events and for more than 10 percent of all separations, mainly due to the end of seasonal work. (See table 2.) Layoff events and separations were most prevalent in agriculture and forestry support activities and in crop production. Employers involved in the manufacturing and distribution of computers (including semiconductors) accounted for 9 percent of private-sector layoff events and separations. The number of laid-off workers rose by 121,366, or 464 percent, in 2001, reaching the highest levels the industry has recorded. (See tables 2 and 3.) Administrative and waste services accounted for more than 7 percent of all layoff events and for 10 percent of all separations, due largely to the completion of contracts in professional employer organizations and temporary help agencies. (See table 2.) Manufacturers and distributors of clothing reported laying off 107,018 workers. This represents an increase of 51 percent over the number posted in 2000, during which the industrys lowest level of separations was recorded. (See tables 2 and 3.) 1 Employers involved in food production, processing, and distribution accounted for 18 percent of all private-sector separations, or 298,708 workers. Layoff activity in this industry group remained about the same as that experienced in 2000. (See tables 2 and 3.) workers), due largely to layoffs in computer and electronic products, in accommodation, and in administrative and support services. Financial difficulty (+91,618) and bankruptcy (+79,796) were the next most common reasons for layoff. Separations attributable to these three reasons were at the top in terms of percentage increases when compared to 2000. Layoffs due to the end of seasonal work and to the secondary effects of a labor dispute had the largest decreases in worker separations (-13,098 and -10,218, respectively). (See tables 5 and 6.) Among the major sectors, information had the largest percentage increase in separations resulting from layoffs, followed by real estate and rental and leasing companies. Health care and social assistance and agriculture registered the largest percentage decreases in laid-off workers. (See table 3.) Following the September 11 terrorist attacks, employ- ers reported 417 layoff events involving 118,826 workers. Thirty-three States had layoff activity related either directly or indirectly to the September 11 incidents. Fifty-three percent of these layoff events and 55 percent of the separations occurred in just five StatesCalifornia, Nevada, Illinois, New York, and Texas. Among those laid off because of the terrorist attacks, 38 percent, or 44,956 workers, had been employed in the scheduled air transportation industry. An additional 25 percent, or 29,644 workers, had been employed in hotels and motels. Sixty-eight percent of the employers citing the events of September 11 as a secondary cause of layoff indicated a nonseasonal lack of demand for product or services (slack work) as the primary reason for the layoff, accounting for 58 percent of the laid-off workers. (See tables 7 and 8.) Among the 101 three-digit NAICS-coded industry groups identified in the MLS program, 70 posted increases in the number of separated workers during 2001. Computer and electronic product manufacturing had the largest increase (+109,380 workers), followed by administrative and support services (+89,698) and air transportation (+51,331). Twentysix industries registered decreases, led by agriculture and forestry support activities (-12,383) and hospitals (-9,973). Among three-digit NAICS industries, establishments engaged in computer and electronic product manufacturing, air transportation, professional and technical services, and machinery manufacturing moved into the top 10 in terms of numbers of worker separations. These industries replaced general merchandise stores, transit and ground passenger transportation, construction of buildings, and specialty trade contractors. (See table 4.) Size of layoff Layoff events in 2001 continued to be concentrated at the lower end of the layoff-size spectrum, with 58 percent involving fewer than 150 workers. This figure has remained fairly consistent, ranging from 58 to 60 percent annually. These layoffs, however, accounted for only 24 percent of all separations. Separations involving 500 or more workers accounted for 34 percent of all separations, about the same percentage posted in each of the last 2 years. (See table 9.) Reason for layoff For the first time, the number of workers laid off due to internal company restructuring, at 500,487, surpassed the number separated from seasonal work. This represented a near-doubling of restructuring-related separations since 2000. (See table 5.) These layoffs occurred largely in manufacturing (mostly in computer and electronic products, transportation equipment, and primary metals), in retail trade (primarily general merchandise stores), and in administrative and waste services (largely professional employer services). Layoffs averaged 210 separations per layoff event in 2001, up slightly from 2000 and equaling 1998 as the highest on record. Among private sector establishments, employers in arts, entertainment, and recreation (mostly amusement, gambling, and recreation employers) reported the largest average layoff size, 316, followed by transportation and warehousing, with 297 workers (largely air transportation). Establishments with the smallest average layoff size were those in educational services (110 workers) and in health care and social assistance (137 workers). (See table 10.) Employers citing the end of seasonal work as the reason for layoff accounted for the lowest percentage of events (27 percent) and separations (28 percent) on record. (See table 5.) Historically, seasonal work has accounted for about 40 percent of annual layoff events and separations. In 2001, seasonal layoffs occurred primarily in food production (agriculture and food processing) establishments located in California. Employers citing bankruptcy as the reason for layoff had the highest average layoff size per layoff event (467 workers), followed by those reporting model changeover (372 workers), labor dispute (290 workers), and energy-related layoffs (274 workers). Layoffs due to a material shortage and inclement weather averaged the fewest separations per layoff event (99 and 104 workers, respectively). (See table 10.) Layoffs due to a nonseasonal lack of demand for products and services (slack work) rose sharply in 2001 (+226,591 2 Employers reporting the worksite as permanently wholesale trade (primarily among durable-goods merchant wholesalers). Claimants laid off from accommodation and food services (mostly in hotels and motels, except casino hotels) had the shortest spells of jobless duration, followed by other services, except public administration. (See table 15.) closed averaged 303 separations per layoff event. (See table 10.) Layoffs directly and indirectly attributable to the September 11 terrorist attacks averaged 285 laid-off workers. Benefit exhaustion rates were highest among workers in education, wholesale trade, and agriculture, while workers laid off in accommodation and food services, in transportation and warehousing, and in construction had the lowest rates. (See table 15.) Initial claimants There were 1,609,705 initial claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events in 2001. Of these, 42 percent were women, 14 percent were black, 19 percent were Hispanic, and 13 percent were 55 years of age or older. About 2 out of 5 claimants were between the ages of 30 and 44. (See table 11.) Of the total civilian labor force in 2001, 47 percent were women, 12 percent were black, 11 percent were Hispanic, and 13 percent were 55 years of age or older. Thirty-eight percent of the civilian labor force was between the ages of 30 and 44. Claimants laid off due to non-natural disaster had the longest jobless duration, followed by those laid off due to energy-related concerns and the relocation of establishments outside of the United States. The shortest duration occurred in layoffs due to vacations and environmental concerns. (See table 15.) Black claimants and claimants who are Asian or Pacific The proportion of Hispanic claimants declined to 19 Islanders had higher benefit exhaustion rates than other race and ethnic groups, while white claimants had the lowest. By age, the older a claimant, the more likely he or she was to exhaust benefits. Women had higher exhaustion rates than men. (See table 16.) percent from 25 percent in 1999. The proportions of both Asian or Pacific Islander and white claimants increased over the year. (See table 12.) Eighty-eight percent of the claimants in agriculture were of Hispanic origin, about the same percentage as in 2000. The highest percentage of claimants aged 55 and older was in arts, entertainment, and recreation. For claimants under 30 years of age, the highest proportions were in retail trade and in administrative and waste services. Men continued to account for more than 90 percent of the claimants in mining and construction. At the other extreme, 88 percent of the claimants in health care and social assistance were women. (See tables 12 and 13.) Geographic distribution In 2001, each of the four geographic regions reached record levels of layoff activity. For the fifth time in the last 6 years, employers in the West reported the highest number of separations, primarily among establishments engaged in food production (agriculture and food manufacturing). (See table 17.) Excluding the impact of seasonal layoffs, the Midwest (373,640) had the highest number of separated workers in extended mass layoff events. Duration of insured unemployment West Virginia had the longest duration of insured unemployment associated with extended mass layoff events (as measured by the period of continued claims for unemployment insurance following the initial claim), followed by the District of Columbia, Tennessee, and North Carolina. Claimants experiencing the shortest jobless duration were separated from employers located in Kentucky, Hawaii, Alaska, Nebraska, and Wyoming. (See table 14.) Compared with the experience in 2000, increases in the number of separations occurred in all four geographic regions, with the Midwest (+167,189) reporting the largest increase, followed by the West (+163,047), and the South (+151,308). All nine geographic divisions reported an increase from 2000, led by the East North Central (+123,870) and Pacific (+108,435) divisions. (See table 17.) Thirty-two States and the District of Columbia reached their highest annual totals of laid-off workers since the MLS program resumed in 1995. California had the largest number of worker separations, 388,339, mostly from food production, administrative and support services, and computer and electronic product manufacturing. The States with the nexthighest totals of separations were Illinois (173,892), Texas (101,913), Florida (97,585), and Michigan (95,873). (See table 18.) Even when the substantial impact of seasonal layoffs is excluded, California still had the highest separations total for 2001. Wyoming reported the largest proportion of claimants exhausting unemployment insurance benefits, followed by Georgia, Tennessee, and Arizona. States reporting the lowest percentages of exhaustees were Nebraska and Alaska. (See table 14.) The longest average jobless duration was experienced by claimants laid off from finance and insurance (largely in securities, commodity contracts, and investments) and from 3 Forty-five states and the District of Columbia had over- lowest percentage of recall expectation, followed by those citing bankruptcy, business ownership change, the discontinuation of a product line, and the relocation of an establishment within the United States. (See table 21.) the-year increases in the number of laid-off workers, led by California (+72,053), Illinois (+56,907), Florida (+43,864), New York (+39,712), and Michigan (+37,521). Of the five States reporting an over-the-year decline, Alaska (-3,384) and Ohio (-1,790) experienced the sharpest decreases. (See table 18.) Manufacturing industries accounted for 49 percent of all events and 46 percent of the separations for which the employer did not expect a recall. These occurred mainly in computer and electronic products (primarily in bare printed circuit boards and in semiconductors and related devices), transportation equipment (mostly in aircraft manufacturing), and machinery manufacturing (largely in air-conditioning, refrigeration, and forced air heating). (See table 22.) Sixty-eight percent of events and 64 percent of separa- tions occurred in metropolitan areas, a slight increase from 2000, when 63 percent of events and 60 percent of separations occurred in such areas. Among the 331 Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Chicago reported the highest number of separations (89,087), mainly from computer and electronic product manufacturing, administrative and support services, and air transportation. San Jose, New York, and Las Vegas, entered the top 10 metropolitan areas in terms of laid-off workers, replacing Yuma, AZ, Riverside-San Bernardino, CA, and Salinas, CA. (See table 19.) Employers located in nonmetropolitan areas separated 247,911 workers in mass layoffs, up 25 percent, or 48,802 workers, from 2000. Internal company restructuring was the reason cited most frequently for layoffs from which no recall is expected, accounting for 49 percent of the layoff events and 57 percent of separations. Layoffs due to slack work accounted for an additional 20 percent of layoffs events and 16 percent of separations. (See table 22.) Chart 1 shows mass layoff activity relative to employ- Permanent worksite closures Employers reported that 15 percent of all extended mass layoff events resulted in a permanent closure of the worksite, affecting 379,790 workers. Compared with the experience in 2000, layoff events in which the worksite closed increased by 61 percent, and the number of workers involved increased by 101 percent. (See table 23.) ment by State, thus facilitating the comparison of layoffs across States. California had the highest concentration of layoffs relative to employment, in part due to the impact of its largely seasonal agricultural sector. Relative concentrations also were high in Illinois, Oregon, Nevada, Maine, and Wisconsin. States with the lowest concentrations of mass layoff activity were Wyoming, Nebraska, Delaware, and West Virginia. Separations in permanent closures were due mainly to internal company restructuring, slack work, and import competition. These three reasons for layoffs also accounted for the largest increases in worker separations. (See table 23.) Recall expectations In 2001, employers expected a recall in only 45 percent of mass layoff actions, the lowest annual percentage reported since the resumption of the MLS program. Historically, a recall has been expected in about 60 percent of all layoff events. Layoffs in agriculture (93 percent), in arts, entertainment, and recreation (76 percent), and in construction (73 percent) were more likely to have some type of recall than were those in other industries. Layoffs in the finance and insurance sector had the lowest percentage of recall expectation (3 percent), followed by those in the information sector (9 percent). Excluding seasonal and vacation-period layoffs (in which a recall was expected 91 percent of the time), a recall was expected in only 25 percent of events, also the programs lowest annual percentage. (See tables 20 and 21.) In 2001, manufacturing accounted for 52 percent of events and 43 percent of separations resulting in worksite closure. These events occurred mostly in computer and electronic products manufacturing, in apparel, and in primary metals. Retail trade accounted for 15 percent of the layoff events and 18 percent of separations during the year, largely in general merchandise stores and in building materials and garden supply stores. An additional 4 percent of permanent closure events and 14 percent of separations were in administrative and waste services. (See table 24.) In 2001, establishments engaged in electronic equip- ment and appliance manufacturing, primary metal manufacturing, building and garden supply stores, and machinery manufacturing moved into the top 10 three-digit NAICS industries in terms of laid-off workers in permanent closures. They replaced transportation equipment, hospitals, food and beverage stores, and electronics and appliance stores. (See table 25.) Of those establishments expecting a recall, 36 percent indicated that all workers would eventually be recalled, and 84 percent expected to recall at least half of the workers. (See table 20.) Employers indicating the relocation of worksites out- California registered the highest number of separations side of the United States as the reason for layoff had the 4 in permanent closure-related events (63,209), followed by Michigan (45,744), Illinois (28,749), and Texas (28,435). Michigan (+42,291), California (+22,225), and Texas (+20,920) reported the largest increases in separations from 2000 to 2001; Massachusetts (-5,161) and Kentucky (-2,112) had the largest decreases in laid-off workers. (See table 26.) Illinois (29,276), and Texas (28,659). Manufacturing (largely in computer and electronic products and in apparel), retail trade, and administrative and waste services had the highest numbers of laid-off workers. (See tables 28 and 29.) Layoffs termed substantial layoffs include extended mass layoffs that either involve 500 or more workers or in which the number of separations is at least one-third of the employment prior to layoff. In 2001, there were 1,333 layoffs events involving 412,651 workers meeting the substantial layoff criteria. California reported the largest number of worker separations (101,346), followed by Illinois (41,061) and Texas (37,386). Manufacturing (mostly in computer and electronic product manufacturing and in transportation equipment) had the highest level of laid-off workers in substantial layoff events, followed by transportation and warehousing. (See tables 28 and 29.) Dislocated worker information In addition to extended mass layoff information, the MLS program has, since 1997, collected information identifying major segments of the dislocated worker population, as determined by the U.S. Department of Labors Employment and Training Administration. MLS tracks three components of this unique group of laid-off workersdislocated worker closures, substantial layoffs, and initial claimants laid off from establishments in declining industries. In 2001, the MLS program identified about 2 million dislocated workers, the highest level in the programs history. (See table 27.) Industries identified as in decline are determined by each State, and results in the industries defined as such differing from State to State. Initial claimants for unemployment insurance laid off from establishments in these declining industries are then identified by the MLS program. In 2001, there were about 1.2 million claimants laid off from establishments in declining industries. California had the highest level of initial claimants (282,692), followed by Ohio (166,841) and Texas (90,815). (See table 28.) A dislocated worker closure consists of those layoff actions that result in a permanent worksite closure and involve 20 or more workers. This concept includes the permanent worksite closures reported earlier in this report, with the addition of worksite closures involving between 20 and 49 workers. In 2001, there were 401,755 workers laid off in 1,553 layoff actions. California had the highest level of dislocated worker separations, 65,122, followed by Michigan (46,388), 5 Table 1. Number of extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1995–2001 Year/quarter Layoff events 1 Separations 1 Initial claimants for 1 unemployment insurance 2 1995 Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,724 950 1,764 400,980 194,149 348,741 332,731 154,226 312,428 Total…………………………… 4,438 943,870 799,385 1996 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,408 1,352 1,021 1,916 272,480 261,628 233,199 417,048 224,393 200,032 185,247 348,073 Total…………………………… 5,697 1,184,355 957,745 1997 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,317 1,587 1,082 1,697 255,227 351,198 217,869 321,821 224,180 292,673 209,019 316,035 Total…………………………… 5,683 1,146,115 1,041,907 1998 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,320 1,563 1,234 1,734 208,082 391,461 248,054 379,976 247,315 402,276 256,803 325,990 Total…………………………… 5,851 1,227,573 1,232,384 1999 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,509 1,444 1,097 1,625 277,780 294,968 241,725 334,794 252,122 242,464 189,973 287,685 Total…………………………… 5,675 1,149,267 972,244 2000 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,330 1,271 1,014 2,005 254,646 258,608 230,103 427,070 221,368 231,471 189,250 376,611 Total…………………………… 5,620 1,170,427 1,018,700 2001 First quarter……………………… Second quarter………………… Third quarter…………………… Fourth quarter…………………… 1,765 2,072 1,815 2,700 342,954 481,876 384,403 541,410 340,151 401,294 371,124 497,136 Total…………………………… 8,352 1,750,643 1,609,705 1 2 Data on layoffs were reported by employers in all States and the District of Columbia. The MLS program began collecting data in the second quarter of 1995. (See appendix B.) 6 Table 2. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1999–2001 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Industry 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 Total1 ..................................................................... 5,675 5,620 8,352 1,149,267 1,170,427 1,750,643 Total private .................................................................... 5,467 5,418 8,131 1,096,859 1,107,055 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting....................... Mining........................................................................... Utilities.......................................................................... Construction.................................................................. Manufacturing............................................................... Food.......................................................................... Beverage and tobacco products............................... Textile mills............................................................... Textile product mills.................................................. Apparel...................................................................... Leather and allied products....................................... Wood products.......................................................... Paper........................................................................ Printing and related support activities....................... Petroleum and coal products.................................... 911 91 9 792 1,736 342 22 55 18 163 26 60 41 29 22 827 54 22 754 1,834 336 22 43 18 157 27 78 61 38 19 753 61 19 776 3,279 342 31 96 28 192 25 86 87 62 21 195,408 16,496 1,588 117,587 356,112 84,482 5,904 11,335 1,870 31,063 3,663 6,858 6,416 4,589 3,541 Chemicals................................................................. Plastics and rubber products.................................... Nonmetallic mineral products................................... Primary metal............................................................ Fabricated metal products........................................ Machinery.................................................................. Computer and electronic products............................ Electrical equipment and appliances........................ Transportation equipment......................................... Furniture and related products.................................. Miscellaneous manufacturing................................... 47 51 68 84 98 122 147 44 211 33 53 39 69 70 79 110 107 99 52 296 40 74 71 122 79 198 233 280 615 141 372 118 80 Wholesale trade............................................................ Retail trade.................................................................... Transportation and warehousing.................................. Information.................................................................... Finance and insurance.................................................. Real estate and rental and leasing............................... Professional and technical services.............................. Management of companies and enterprises................. Administrative and waste services................................ Educational services..................................................... Health care and social assistance................................ Arts, entertainment, and recreation............................... Accommodation and food services............................... Other services, except public administration................ 106 268 233 81 111 13 117 18 322 9 226 101 218 82 107 275 273 77 114 17 118 8 364 11 205 82 166 79 Unclassified .................................................................. 23 Government..................................................................... Federal.......................................................................... State.............................................................................. Local............................................................................. 1999 2000 2001 972,244 1,018,700 1,609,705 1,697,593 931,272 974,104 1,562,978 191,093 6,810 3,089 110,814 366,070 75,618 4,234 9,027 2,573 24,778 5,008 11,193 9,548 5,450 2,419 173,299 13,109 3,835 111,897 628,427 72,199 6,506 20,174 3,636 32,328 4,432 10,745 16,226 9,941 3,372 134,355 18,045 1,234 118,982 310,129 63,785 4,185 13,396 2,233 32,750 3,554 6,110 5,474 4,117 3,294 127,837 6,105 3,060 112,761 370,779 67,344 3,855 10,985 2,067 23,905 3,772 11,492 8,558 5,352 2,468 110,907 12,476 4,196 115,303 691,184 65,520 4,334 21,877 4,334 31,585 3,588 13,816 13,999 8,998 2,889 6,922 10,195 9,575 15,832 14,573 21,420 30,085 10,282 63,788 4,651 9,068 6,055 12,614 10,144 19,034 16,191 20,440 22,227 10,024 83,210 5,254 11,029 12,614 18,739 13,484 43,723 32,418 47,001 131,607 33,146 86,402 17,715 12,019 6,549 8,228 9,624 16,966 14,293 22,083 21,555 9,208 51,085 4,554 7,086 5,570 11,682 9,543 17,830 16,538 20,772 17,767 14,742 102,057 4,733 9,747 9,444 21,522 13,392 50,503 36,281 56,762 139,942 40,911 120,956 19,942 10,589 180 457 395 324 177 33 257 16 595 15 174 126 367 82 16,730 91,519 49,966 23,076 21,911 1,539 24,304 3,786 61,040 1,446 35,107 26,294 38,610 11,833 17,636 88,134 50,030 14,937 31,407 2,171 22,222 1,975 77,711 1,090 38,669 25,858 41,035 11,125 28,975 132,013 117,173 59,329 33,654 7,602 51,215 3,345 168,360 1,652 23,792 39,758 79,556 11,334 12,781 57,852 42,150 34,754 18,225 1,598 22,120 2,972 67,641 844 25,663 12,161 36,861 10,169 12,452 59,345 48,000 11,212 18,411 2,029 19,968 1,556 96,072 964 27,785 9,743 30,505 9,936 22,600 103,328 96,504 56,175 29,631 4,645 40,566 2,831 132,562 1,264 19,370 16,710 82,001 10,462 31 45 2,507 5,179 9,268 2,736 5,584 10,263 208 38 43 127 202 51 35 116 221 52 41 128 52,408 9,372 14,796 28,240 63,372 18,373 9,164 35,835 53,050 12,696 10,498 29,856 40,972 9,972 8,626 22,374 44,596 15,294 6,301 23,001 46,727 12,796 8,838 25,093 355 329 457 94,407 71,048 107,018 80,312 67,804 99,651 129 1,457 113 1,308 736 1,327 27,916 319,562 26,147 298,485 147,513 298,708 18,257 233,793 17,634 222,656 153,211 226,239 Selected industry groupings2 Clothing manufacturing and distribution ………………… Computer manufacturing and distribution, including semiconductors ……………………………………… Food production, processing, and distribution…………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 7 Table 3. Over-the-year change in extended mass layoffs separations by industry, 1999–2000 and 2000–2001 1999-2000 2000-2001 Industry Level change 1 Percent change Level change Percent change Total ................................................................. 21,160 1.8 580,216 49.6 Total private ................................................................. 10,196 .9 590,538 53.3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting................... Mining........................................................................ Utilities....................................................................... Construction.............................................................. Manufacturing............................................................ Food...................................................................... Beverage and tobacco products............................ Textile mills............................................................ Textile product mills............................................... Apparel.................................................................. Leather and allied products................................... Wood products...................................................... Paper..................................................................... Printing and related support activities................... Petroleum and coal products................................. Chemicals.............................................................. -4,315 -9,686 1,501 -6,773 9,958 -8,864 -1,670 -2,308 703 -6,285 1,345 4,335 3,132 861 -1,122 -867 -2.2 -58.7 94.5 -5.8 2.8 -10.5 -28.3 -20.4 37.6 -20.2 36.7 63.2 48.8 18.8 -31.7 -12.5 -17,794 6,299 746 1,083 262,357 -3,419 2,272 11,147 1,063 7,550 -576 -448 6,678 4,491 953 6,559 -9.3 92.5 24.2 1.0 71.7 -4.5 53.7 123.5 41.3 30.5 -11.5 -4.0 69.9 82.4 39.4 108.3 Plastics and rubber products................................. Nonmetallic mineral products................................ Primary metal........................................................ Fabricated metal products..................................... Machinery.............................................................. Computer and electronic products........................ Electrical equipment and appliances..................... Transportation equipment..................................... Furniture and related products.............................. Miscellaneous manufacturing................................ 2,419 569 3,202 1,618 -980 -7,858 -258 19,422 603 1,961 23.7 5.9 20.2 11.1 -4.6 -26.1 -2.5 30.4 13.0 21.6 6,125 3,340 24,689 16,227 26,561 109,380 23,122 3,192 12,461 990 48.6 32.9 129.7 100.2 129.9 492.1 230.7 3.8 237.2 9.0 Wholesale trade........................................................ Retail trade................................................................ Transportation and warehousing............................... Information................................................................ Finance and insurance.............................................. Real estate and rental and leasing............................ Professional and technical services.......................... Management of companies and enterprises............. Administrative and waste services............................ Educational services................................................. Health care and social assistance............................. Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... Accommodation and food services........................... Other services, except public administration............. 906 -3,385 64 -8,139 9,496 632 -2,082 -1,811 16,671 -356 3,562 -436 2,425 -708 5.4 -3.7 .1 -35.3 43.3 41.1 -8.6 -47.8 27.3 -24.6 10.1 -1.7 6.3 -6.0 11,339 43,879 67,143 44,392 2,247 5,431 28,993 1,370 90,649 562 -14,877 13,900 38,521 209 64.3 49.8 134.2 297.2 7.2 250.2 130.5 69.4 116.6 51.6 -38.5 53.8 93.9 1.9 Unclassified .............................................................. 2,672 106.6 4,089 79.0 Government.................................................................. Federal...................................................................... State.......................................................................... Local.......................................................................... 10,964 9,001 -5,632 7,595 20.9 96.0 -38.1 26.9 -10,322 -5,677 1,334 -5,979 -16.3 -30.9 14.6 -16.7 -23,359 -24.7 35,970 50.6 -1,769 -21,077 -6.3 -6.6 121,366 223 464.2 .1 2 Selected industry groupings Clothing manufacturing and distribution ……………… Computer manufacturing and distribution, including semiconductors …………………………………… Food production, processing, and distribution………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 8 Table 4. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events and separations, top 50 industries in 2001 2000 Industry 2001 NAICS Layoff events Separations 2 Rank 1 Layoff events Separations Rank Total .............................................................. … 5,620 1,170,427 … 8,352 1,750,643 … Total, top 50 industries ............................................. … 5,187 1,095,964 … 7,688 1,632,113 … 1 Administrative and support services ………………… Computer and electronic product manufacturing …… Agriculture and forestry support activities …………… Transportation equipment manufacturing …………… Food manufacturing …………………………………… Crop production ………………………………………… Heavy and civil engineering construction …………… Air transportation ……………………………………… Professional and technical services ………………… Machinery manufacturing ……………………………… General merchandise stores ………………………… Accommodation ………………………………………… Primary metal manufacturing ………………………… Specialty trade contractors …………………………… Transit and ground passenger transportation ……… Food services and drinking places …………………… Electrical equipment and appliance mfg. …………… 561 334 115 336 311 111 237 481 541 333 452 721 331 238 485 722 335 366 99 508 296 336 312 404 10 118 107 80 73 79 203 145 93 52 80,835 22,227 117,242 83,210 75,618 72,651 56,852 1,979 22,222 20,440 29,259 21,208 19,034 26,891 28,495 19,827 10,024 3 14 1 2 4 5 6 69 15 18 7 17 20 10 8 19 32 590 615 472 373 342 271 370 88 257 280 138 218 198 276 145 149 141 170,533 131,607 104,859 86,461 72,199 67,322 54,834 53,311 51,215 47,001 46,955 45,789 43,723 36,825 35,699 33,767 33,146 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Fabricated metal product manufacturing …………… Apparel manufacturing ………………………………… Amusements, gambling, and recreation …………… Telecommunications …………………………………… Nonstore retailers ……………………………………… Construction of buildings ……………………………… Textile mills ……………………………………………… Plastics and rubber products manufacturing ………… Furniture and related product manufacturing ………… Educational services …………………………………… Paper manufacturing …………………………………… Social assistance ……………………………………… Building material and garden supply stores ………… Credit intermediation and related activities ………… Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods …………… Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing ………… Food and beverage stores …………………………… 332 315 713 517 454 236 313 326 337 611 322 624 444 522 424 327 445 110 157 50 27 46 150 43 69 40 57 61 125 20 68 60 70 40 16,191 24,778 21,435 4,375 26,182 27,671 9,027 12,614 5,254 15,524 9,548 16,692 4,480 22,765 11,232 10,144 9,113 23 12 16 52 11 9 35 26 46 24 33 21 51 13 27 30 34 233 192 70 141 68 131 96 122 118 81 87 122 44 68 72 79 59 32,418 32,328 30,854 29,704 28,445 20,333 20,174 18,739 17,715 16,636 16,226 15,263 15,161 14,165 13,789 13,484 13,241 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods ……………… Chemical manufacturing ……………………………… ISPs, search portals, and data processing …………… Miscellaneous manufacturing ………………………… Publishing industries, except Internet ………………… Performing arts and spectator sports ………………… Executive, legislative, and general government …… Securities, commodity contracts, investments ……… Mining, except oil and gas …………………………… Wood product manufacturing ………………………… Printing and related support activities ………………… Unclassified establishments …………………………… Couriers and messengers ……………………………… Insurance carriers and related activities ……………… Truck transportation …………………………………… Clothing and clothing accessories stores …………… 423 325 518 339 511 711 921 523 212 321 323 999 492 524 484 448 38 39 21 74 16 40 56 6 43 78 40 35 16 40 62 25 5,145 6,055 4,263 11,029 2,687 8,327 16,483 548 5,549 11,193 6,821 5,739 3,618 8,294 8,364 3,519 47 42 53 29 61 37 22 80 44 28 40 43 55 38 36 56 93 71 76 80 71 65 60 59 49 87 62 49 24 47 57 32 12,835 12,614 12,189 12,019 11,920 11,728 11,296 11,294 10,994 10,802 9,941 9,766 8,116 7,811 7,486 7,381 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2001. 9 Table 5. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1999–2001 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Reason for layoff 1 Total, all reasons ............................. 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 5,675 5,620 8,352 1,149,267 1,170,427 1,750,643 2 2 2 2 1999 972,244 2 2000 2001 1,018,700 1,609,705 2 Automation .................................................. Bankruptcy .................................................. Business ownership change ....................... Contract cancellation .................................. Contract completion .................................... Domestic relocation .................................... Energy-related………………………………… Environment-related………………………… Financial difficulty ........................................ Import competition ...................................... Labor dispute .............................................. Material shortage ........................................ ( ) 107 190 86 681 56 26 13 203 96 26 10 ( ) 157 125 87 599 70 10 7 307 63 29 6 11 290 209 174 658 101 20 3 675 132 26 15 ( ) 49,649 57,306 13,432 120,213 9,923 3,164 3,394 49,508 26,684 14,543 1,833 ( ) 55,582 32,908 14,263 122,074 11,488 2,487 1,142 62,413 13,416 17,754 931 1,397 135,378 55,387 30,823 125,350 18,652 5,487 445 154,031 28,008 7,536 1,478 ( ) 21,837 30,316 11,090 141,186 7,654 5,062 2,668 34,636 19,833 4,900 3,206 ( ) 25,278 16,798 13,694 130,475 13,842 1,731 890 48,427 10,135 16,407 924 2,058 62,173 45,014 28,991 130,163 14,663 3,988 602 137,873 27,237 5,516 1,676 Model changeover ...................................... Natural disaster ........................................... Non-natural disaster ................................... Overseas relocation .................................... Plant or machine repair ............................... Product line discontinued ............................ Reorganization within company .................. Seasonal work ............................................ Slack work .................................................. Vacation period ........................................... Weather-related .......................................... Other ........................................................... Not reported ................................................ 7 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 34 14 35 453 2,357 592 119 118 176 269 9 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 43 19 30 415 2,436 619 84 66 160 273 13 4 15 79 26 41 752 2,288 1,953 126 43 416 282 1,735 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 5,683 1,634 5,467 95,122 491,877 80,737 28,009 14,194 30,844 43,521 2,392 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 9,054 3,090 4,719 103,120 511,539 99,265 13,687 6,362 29,234 51,845 4,842 620 3,521 15,693 3,713 10,009 155,691 498,441 326,031 24,061 4,488 87,989 51,572 1,116 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 4,456 1,577 6,879 92,510 374,141 105,193 19,405 12,637 28,482 42,682 3,484 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 8,385 2,538 6,173 87,978 394,925 136,703 12,487 7,294 27,960 51,284 7,721 574 2,227 12,926 4,967 9,207 143,122 376,985 419,245 19,310 5,987 93,488 53,992 953 1,004 1,926 251,585 254,023 500,487 179,299 178,481 388,182 4 Internal company restructuring …………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. 4 3 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership company. Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or 10 change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within Table 6. Over-the-year change in separations by reason for layoff, 1999–2000 and 2000–2001 Separations Reason for layoff 1999-2000 Level change 1 Total, all reasons ............................................................ 2000-2001 Percent change 21,160 1.8 2 2 Level change 580,216 2 Percent change 49.6 2 Automation ................................................................................ Bankruptcy ................................................................................. Business ownership change ...................................................... Contract cancellation ................................................................. Contract completion ................................................................... Domestic relocation ................................................................... Energy-related……………………………………………………… Environment-related………………………………………………… Financial difficulty ...................................................................... Import competition ..................................................................... Labor dispute ............................................................................. Material shortage ....................................................................... ( ) 5,933 -24,398 831 1,861 1,565 -677 -2,252 12,905 -13,268 3,211 -902 ( ) 11.9 -42.6 6.2 1.5 15.8 -21.4 -66.4 26.1 -49.7 22.1 -49.2 ( ) 79,796 22,479 16,560 3,276 7,164 3,000 -697 91,618 14,592 -10,218 547 ( ) 143.6 68.3 116.1 2.7 62.4 120.6 -61.0 146.8 108.8 -57.6 58.8 Model changeover ..................................................................... Natural disaster .......................................................................... Non-natural disaster .................................................................. Overseas relocation ................................................................... Plant or machine repair ............................................................. Product line discontinued .......................................................... Reorganization within company ................................................. Seasonal work ........................................................................... Slack work ................................................................................. Vacation period .......................................................................... Weather-related ......................................................................... Other .......................................................................................... Not reported ............................................................................... 657 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 3,371 1,456 -748 7,998 19,662 18,528 -14,322 -7,832 -1,610 8,324 37.9 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 59.3 89.1 -13.7 8.4 4.0 22.9 -51.1 -55.2 -5.2 19.1 2,450 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 6,639 623 5,290 52,571 -13,098 226,766 10,374 -1,874 58,755 -273 102.4 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 73.3 20.2 112.1 51.0 -2.6 228.4 75.8 -29.5 201.0 -.5 2,438 1.0 246,464 97.0 4 Internal company restructuring …………………………………… 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. 4 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. 11 Table 7. Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance directly and indirectly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks, 2001 Measure Layoff events 1 Total ........................................................................... Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance 417 118,826 113,807 415 118,426 113,561 6 54 4 164 4 5 627 16,870 2 ( ) 962 51,382 915 954 1,325 380 634 5,071 2 ( ) 635 36,988 819 569 738 17,206 2 ( ) 1,366 40,256 3,031 1,002 1,031 203 651 4,839 2 ( ) 370 40,968 624 1,007 2 400 246 9 2,411 1,245 408 116,415 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2,609 24,987 2 ( ) 1,297 1,861 67,977 15,033 112,562 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2,364 18,750 2 ( ) 1,177 1,634 75,586 11,072 Industry Total private ...................................................................... Construction ……………………………………………………… Manufacturing …………………………………………………… Wholesale trade ………………………………………………… Retail trade ……………………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ……………………………… Information ……………………………………………………… Finance and insurance ………………………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………… Professional and technical services …………………………… Management of companies and enterprises ………………… Administrative and waste services …………………………… Health care and social assistance ……………………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………… Accommodation and food services …………………………… Other services, except public administration ………………… Unclassified ……………………………………………………… 2 ( ) 7 99 6 6 11 3 3 40 2 ( ) Government …………………………………………………… 3 Reason for layoff Directly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks ……… Indirectly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks ……… Bankruptcy .......................................................................... Business ownership change ............................................... Contract cancellation .......................................................... Financial difficulty ............................................................... Material shortage ................................................................ Reorganization within company .......................................... Seasonal work .................................................................... Slack work .......................................................................... Other ................................................................................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 17 65 2 ( ) 8 11 277 24 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. Layoffs directly related to September 11 encompass those that occurred in the affected local economies. Layoffs indirectly related to Septem- ber 11 involve those outside of the directly impacted areas. For indirectly related layoffs, the primary reason for layoff is attributed to something other than non-natural disaster. 2 3 12 Table 8. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance directly and indirectly attributable to the September 11 terrorist attacks, 2001 State 1 Total ............................................... Alabama ..................................................... Alaska ......................................................... Arizona ....................................................... Arkansas .................................................... California .................................................... Colorado ..................................................... Connecticut ................................................ Delaware .................................................... District of Columbia .................................... Florida ......................................................... Georgia ....................................................... Hawaii ......................................................... Idaho ........................................................... Illinois .......................................................... Indiana ........................................................ Iowa ............................................................ Kansas ....................................................... Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine .......................................................... Maryland ..................................................... Massachusetts ............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi .................................................. Missouri ...................................................... Montana ...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire .......................................... New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York .................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota .............................................. Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon ........................................................ Pennsylvania .............................................. Rhode Island .............................................. South Carolina ............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................ Vermont ...................................................... Virginia ....................................................... Washington ................................................ West Virginia .............................................. Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming .................................................... Layoff events Separations 417 118,826 – – – – 5 – 90 6 4 – – 53 5 25 – 21 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 3 7 2 ( ) 5 14 2 ( ) 5 – 2 ( ) – – 42 – 9 – 47 9 2 ( ) 4 4 2 ( ) 4 – – – 6 20 4 – 6 7 – – – 1 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 13 Initial claimants for unemployment insurance 113,807 – – 505 – 19,072 1,799 726 – – 6,590 4,141 3,495 – 555 – 20,683 1,857 396 – – 7,844 1,142 5,980 – 11,352 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 268 1,188 2 ( ) 1,695 3,679 2 ( ) 5,979 – 2 ( ) 7,833 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 304 941 2 ( ) 1,092 3,459 2 ( ) 4,236 – 2 ( ) – – 14,943 – 1,660 – 10,765 5,522 2 ( ) 657 367 2 ( ) 962 – – 17,681 – 1,738 – 7,805 3,780 2 ( ) 786 771 2 ( ) 4,582 – – – 1,280 8,783 870 – 1,584 5,613 – – – – – – 1,764 6,835 436 – 967 4,209 – – – Table 9. Distribution of extended mass layoff events and separations by size of layoff, 2000 and 2001 Separations Layoff events Number of workers 2000 2 Total …………… 50-99…………………… 100-149………………… 150-199………………… 200-299………………… 300-499………………… 500-999………………… 1,000 or more…………… 1 2 1 Number Number Percent 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 1 Percent 2000 2001 5,620 8,352 100.0 100.0 1,170,427 1,750,643 100.0 100.0 1,981 1,264 685 752 549 270 119 2,895 1,919 1,035 1,163 778 382 180 35.2 22.5 12.2 13.4 9.8 4.8 2.1 34.7 23.0 12.4 13.9 9.3 4.6 2.2 141,560 147,698 114,052 174,251 196,220 176,004 220,642 203,805 222,782 172,344 268,465 282,961 247,172 353,114 12.1 12.6 9.7 14.9 16.8 15.0 18.9 11.6 12.7 9.8 15.3 16.2 14.1 20.2 Due to rounding, sums of individual percentages may not equal 100.0 percent. See footnote 1, table 1. 14 Table 10. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by selected measures, 1996–2001 Average number of separations Measure 1996 1 Total ......................................................................... 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 208 202 210 203 208 210 206 199 207 201 204 209 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ………………… Mining ………………………………………………………… Utilities ………………………………………………………… Construction ………………………………………………… Manufacturing ………………………………………………… Wholesale trade ……………………………………………… Retail trade …………………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing …………………………… Information …………………………………………………… 260 130 253 139 182 171 317 203 428 173 158 333 155 188 140 305 242 519 229 151 236 145 232 153 218 235 296 214 181 176 148 205 158 341 214 285 231 126 140 147 200 165 320 183 194 230 215 202 144 192 161 289 297 183 Finance and insurance ……………………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ………………………… Professional and technical services ……………………… Management of companies and enterprises ……………… Administrative and waste services ………………………… Educational services ………………………………………… Health care and social assistance ………………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ……………………… Accommodation and food services ………………………… Other services, except public administration ……………… Unclassified establishments ……………………………… 226 252 233 277 246 133 154 309 203 113 176 195 224 276 112 175 123 143 357 203 123 167 212 160 199 148 179 99 131 252 194 139 92 197 118 208 210 190 161 155 260 177 144 109 276 128 188 247 213 99 189 315 247 141 167 190 230 199 209 283 110 137 316 217 138 206 235 252 266 252 314 240 Automation .......................................................................... Bankruptcy ........................................................................... Business ownership change ................................................ Contract cancellation ........................................................... Contract completion ............................................................ Domestic relocation ............................................................. Energy-related…………………………………………………… Environment-related…………………………………………… Financial difficulty ................................................................ Import competition ............................................................... Labor dispute ....................................................................... Material shortage ................................................................. 395 207 288 221 232 149 – 157 225 191 446 134 239 270 203 195 244 200 – 108 264 193 506 116 234 302 237 192 203 179 171 220 225 205 781 272 ( ) 464 302 156 177 177 122 261 244 278 559 183 ( ) 354 263 164 204 164 249 163 203 213 612 155 127 467 265 177 191 185 274 148 228 212 290 99 Model changeover ............................................................... Natural disaster ................................................................... Non-natural disaster …………………………………………… Overseas relocation ............................................................. Plant or machine repair ....................................................... Product line discontinued .................................................... Reorganization within company ........................................... Seasonal work ..................................................................... Slack work ........................................................................... Vacation period .................................................................... Weather-related ................................................................... Other .................................................................................... Not reported ......................................................................... 378 225 3 ( ) 166 225 174 204 227 139 173 104 213 157 394 180 3 ( ) 275 125 211 165 209 141 150 137 194 143 680 190 3 ( ) 251 225 157 189 205 195 240 103 165 167 248 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 167 117 156 210 209 136 235 120 175 162 266 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 211 163 157 248 210 160 163 96 183 190 372 155 235 199 143 244 207 218 167 191 104 212 183 240 210 215 257 202 210 226 216 207 271 193 233 242 203 217 303 197 229 Industry Total private ......................................................................... Government.......................................................................... Reason for layoff 2 2 Other selected measures Worksite closures……………………………………………… Recall expected………………………………………………… No recall expected……………………………………………… 1 2 3 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 15 Table 11. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000 and 2001 State Layoff events Percent of total Total initial claimants for unemployment insurance Black 2000 2001 2000 Total .............................. 5,620 8,352 1,018,700 1,609,705 13.9 13.6 24.8 18.5 42.0 42.3 13.2 13.2 Alabama .................................... Alaska ....................................... Arizona ...................................... Arkansas ................................... California ................................... Colorado .................................... Connecticut ............................... Delaware ................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida ....................................... Georgia ..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho ......................................... 63 22 99 22 1,322 40 36 (2) 3 293 35 19 37 108 6 129 27 1,962 118 60 6 13 531 74 48 45 10,059 2,783 17,334 3,703 229,080 5,089 5,370 (2) 1,200 48,620 5,268 2,052 3,748 18,257 669 23,787 4,066 323,405 17,529 8,572 804 3,623 92,613 12,826 8,901 5,331 33.9 2.5 1.8 28.4 5.3 4.0 15.5 22.2 53.9 25.3 49.4 .8 .2 32.1 1.9 3.8 30.7 5.3 4.9 15.5 28.6 38.7 23.7 49.4 1.1 .7 .4 9.3 67.7 2.5 64.6 27.0 8.7 13.3 3.0 25.8 3.5 1.2 18.8 2.8 1.9 46.4 .5 48.6 18.2 8.6 2.6 3.5 24.7 .8 25.6 5.1 45.0 37.6 42.1 52.0 45.4 39.2 49.2 64.4 49.8 45.5 56.8 25.5 31.7 36.8 11.1 42.4 47.3 44.1 46.3 48.9 34.7 59.0 46.9 55.5 47.2 29.6 16.0 12.9 12.3 11.5 11.1 11.0 14.7 31.1 9.1 17.9 11.9 20.5 11.8 13.9 13.2 13.2 11.0 11.2 11.1 15.5 10.1 10.2 16.1 14.3 12.6 13.6 Illinois ........................................ Indiana ....................................... Iowa ........................................... Kansas ...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine ......................................... Maryland .................................... Massachusetts .......................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi ................................. Missouri ..................................... 480 97 67 23 81 38 20 18 130 358 129 48 44 678 191 101 42 85 80 43 39 245 352 199 69 120 82,834 17,902 11,209 2,961 11,488 5,166 3,212 2,409 29,905 66,652 19,307 5,604 5,177 134,123 42,936 18,382 17,505 15,492 9,980 6,161 5,529 45,159 77,543 34,654 8,133 24,187 21.0 10.4 1.0 10.2 7.4 40.2 .3 44.1 6.5 17.8 3.6 60.5 15.0 20.5 12.0 1.5 9.5 9.2 53.6 .5 45.3 7.4 21.5 2.1 59.7 15.1 13.1 3.2 2.5 6.2 .2 1.7 .2 .4 7.8 5.8 4.6 .8 1.2 12.3 4.2 1.9 9.2 .7 2.2 .3 .7 3.9 5.1 3.1 1.2 1.5 38.5 34.5 27.3 34.3 39.7 30.9 49.7 26.0 52.5 38.6 26.9 57.9 46.7 40.8 39.7 38.3 35.2 52.0 46.2 37.8 47.2 48.4 37.6 33.7 50.2 43.3 12.1 11.6 13.1 12.0 12.7 9.9 13.3 21.5 17.0 9.7 13.7 8.0 17.9 12.2 13.7 12.9 13.1 15.0 11.4 13.6 19.2 15.7 10.9 12.4 10.3 15.7 Montana .................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire ......................... New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York ................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota ............................. Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon ...................................... Pennsylvania ............................. 17 7 31 10 170 19 213 110 4 328 17 73 227 22 2 ( ) 72 29 200 24 367 206 18 338 46 164 341 2,416 741 4,297 954 28,497 1,915 35,148 15,938 516 60,397 3,826 18,405 65,000 3,192 2 ( ) 21,791 5,750 41,496 3,719 60,935 38,497 2,708 60,138 12,914 29,076 109,256 .5 18.2 10.9 .2 21.3 1.6 16.1 44.6 .8 13.4 14.2 4.6 7.3 .4 7.7 9.7 1.1 20.0 2.1 8.0 36.7 .2 11.6 11.2 2.9 7.1 1.5 9.6 19.6 1.0 19.6 55.8 14.1 2.2 4.5 2.3 4.2 16.5 1.7 1.3 2.1 25.4 1.7 18.0 57.0 6.1 3.1 2.0 2.3 4.9 13.1 1.8 27.3 51.1 40.2 44.9 60.0 46.1 52.6 48.4 28.7 28.0 27.6 31.2 40.9 32.3 37.0 53.1 43.8 57.0 50.7 46.9 47.2 37.6 26.0 24.7 38.9 36.7 15.4 8.8 18.6 19.2 23.6 12.2 15.7 12.4 9.3 12.9 13.7 12.1 16.8 12.9 8.6 13.2 14.9 22.5 14.4 14.3 12.5 11.0 13.3 17.6 13.3 16.5 Rhode Island ............................. South Carolina .......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ........................................... Vermont ..................................... Virginia ...................................... Washington ............................... West Virginia ............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming ................................... 11 33 2 ( ) 85 342 26 9 70 103 12 176 – 29 52 7 90 364 54 14 96 183 9 251 2 ( ) 1,755 8,118 2 ( ) 18,435 76,979 3,002 1,270 11,245 20,360 1,247 39,682 – 4,191 14,229 922 13,659 108,875 9,205 1,858 20,580 30,736 921 54,198 2 ( ) 2.8 54.6 .3 21.3 19.8 .7 .6 38.0 3.0 .1 8.1 – 3.3 52.8 .5 21.0 16.9 1.6 .4 35.1 3.9 – 6.6 1.3 2.7 .5 – .5 40.6 10.3 .2 .9 24.9 – 7.0 – 13.6 .2 .7 – 30.1 9.6 .3 1.2 17.3 – 6.0 32.9 60.6 61.6 68.7 56.6 38.6 30.1 40.4 54.2 34.4 46.8 37.6 – 67.8 48.5 66.1 43.4 43.3 40.5 42.2 41.8 38.8 42.7 39.8 22.8 18.2 3.1 17.0 16.9 11.7 7.1 14.6 13.4 11.9 15.4 13.7 – 19.9 1.6 18.5 13.1 10.0 9.8 14.6 14.9 12.9 15.1 14.4 13.9 Puerto Rico ............................... 61 84 11,268 16,830 52.5 56.4 6.6 8.0 3 ( ) 2001 3 ( ) 2000 Persons aged 55 and older Women 2000 1 2001 Hispanic origin 3 ( ) 2001 3 ( ) 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 2 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 16 Data are not available. 2000 2001 2000 2001 Table 12. Claimant characteristics by race and ethnicity: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000 and 2001 1 Percent of total race/ethnicity Measure White Hispanic origin Black American Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific Islander 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 53.6 55.0 13.9 13.6 24.8 18.5 .8 .7 1.8 3.4 54.1 55.5 13.0 13.0 25.5 18.7 .5 .6 1.9 3.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ……… Mining ……………………………………………… Utilities ……………………………………………… Construction ……………………………………… Manufacturing ……………………………………… Wholesale trade …………………………………… Retail trade ………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ………………… Information ………………………………………… 3.1 85.3 77.8 78.0 62.6 51.6 59.3 63.4 65.5 3.0 86.3 76.7 79.2 61.4 51.7 56.6 58.7 61.8 2.2 4.0 12.1 6.4 12.9 10.2 17.5 18.6 15.3 2.1 3.6 10.7 5.8 12.6 10.8 15.8 17.0 14.3 87.3 4.6 5.5 12.2 16.6 30.8 15.7 9.9 7.7 87.8 4.4 7.5 9.3 12.5 22.3 17.1 9.5 8.9 .1 1.3 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6 .5 .1 1.3 .2 .8 .6 .5 .7 .4 .8 1.1 .6 1.2 .4 2.7 3.6 1.4 1.1 3.0 .9 .2 1.8 .7 4.2 5.0 2.3 2.8 3.8 Finance and insurance …………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ……………… Professional and technical services …………… Management of companies and enterprises …… Administrative and waste services ……………… Educational services ……………………………… Health care and social assistance ……………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ……………… Accommodation and food services ……………… Other services, except public administration …… 52.8 48.8 72.9 46.0 46.2 52.2 40.8 67.0 60.9 51.1 47.1 41.6 66.8 49.0 47.6 50.4 38.6 64.6 44.0 47.2 21.3 31.3 13.3 25.6 22.2 20.1 26.5 10.6 18.4 23.1 19.9 23.2 12.6 19.7 20.2 31.0 26.1 8.8 15.0 28.0 12.8 12.1 8.8 18.3 24.1 8.6 25.6 12.4 13.0 17.4 10.1 13.7 7.9 17.4 20.3 8.4 27.1 13.5 20.4 14.2 .6 .2 .4 .3 .5 6.6 .4 .4 1.0 1.3 .3 .4 .5 .7 .6 .6 .6 .8 .6 .5 3.4 1.4 1.5 3.5 1.5 .9 1.5 1.4 2.2 2.0 4.0 2.0 5.2 5.3 3.1 3.1 1.9 1.6 7.3 2.0 Unclassified establishments ……………………… 69.5 54.3 15.5 18.3 5.3 6.1 1.0 .6 2.0 1.9 Government …………………………………………… 42.4 39.9 32.4 31.6 10.6 9.9 6.9 5.4 .9 1.2 2 Total .......................................................... Industry Total private ........................................................... Reason for layoff Automation …………………………………………… Bankruptcy …………………………………………… Business ownership change ………………………… Contract cancellation ………………………………… Contract completion ………………………………… Domestic relocation ............................................... Energy-related………………………………………… Environment-related………………………………… Financial difficulty .................................................. Import competition ................................................. Labor dispute ......................................................... 57.0 64.3 49.4 56.2 55.5 46.4 78.3 67.3 54.2 59.6 87.3 57.6 61.2 60.5 52.6 60.1 56.9 57.7 48.0 52.6 58.1 73.6 15.0 17.2 12.3 17.6 18.7 18.5 5.9 10.3 16.2 32.5 6.5 12.7 15.6 10.5 24.1 16.7 15.0 7.6 1.7 15.0 17.3 7.5 14.5 12.7 25.9 17.5 20.2 21.0 7.6 20.2 18.8 2.5 2.2 23.1 13.3 13.1 12.2 13.9 13.7 22.8 39.2 13.0 17.4 8.7 3.4 .5 .5 1.0 1.1 .7 .9 .6 .6 .6 .2 .1 .8 .5 1.4 .8 .6 1.5 1.7 .6 .5 .3 6.5 1.8 4.0 1.9 1.3 3.2 1.2 .1 3.1 1.5 .6 .9 3.1 5.5 3.4 1.8 4.4 1.6 .7 4.4 1.9 .7 Material shortage ................................................... Model changeover ................................................. Natural disaster ..................................................... Non-natural disaster ………………………………… Overseas relocation ............................................... Plant or machine repair ......................................... Product line discontinued ...................................... Reorganization within company ............................. Seasonal work ....................................................... Slack work ............................................................. Vacation period ...................................................... Weather-related ..................................................... Other ...................................................................... Not reported ........................................................... 64.5 29.9 13.0 3 ( ) 71.4 75.8 53.1 59.9 41.4 69.7 45.4 75.3 51.4 70.7 57.4 65.7 57.7 16.6 54.4 68.4 64.7 55.8 42.6 63.5 53.8 72.2 48.5 60.9 2.8 16.6 – 3 ( ) 15.4 11.9 17.2 16.6 10.4 12.4 14.3 4.1 20.1 19.1 9.2 16.1 13.6 3.8 15.0 11.7 19.0 17.3 11.4 10.3 17.3 5.3 16.3 20.3 24.2 5.5 1.0 3 ( ) 7.6 7.5 7.2 13.6 40.9 11.1 31.5 15.1 19.4 5.4 16.3 5.3 1.2 23.0 14.6 13.0 10.0 12.9 37.2 11.7 15.2 16.6 15.8 7.1 .4 .5 .7 1.7 – .1 .3 .4 .8 .7 .9 .6 .3 .5 .8 1.0 1.8 3.6 82.0 3 ( ) 2.4 .8 5.4 3.0 1.2 2.4 1.7 .2 1.9 2.3 4.7 2.6 5.6 .7 5.7 2.7 2.4 3.9 1.0 4.9 1.1 .3 6.2 4.2 1 Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some nonreporting. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third – 3 ( ) .4 .3 .6 .8 .9 .8 1.1 .7 .5 .5 quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 17 Table 13. Claimant characteristics by age and gender: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000 and 2001 Percent of total by age1 Measure Under than 30 years Percent of total by gender1 30 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 or older Men Women 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 20.6 20.2 41.1 40.7 23.4 24.0 13.2 13.2 57.5 56.9 42.0 42.3 20.7 20.2 41.2 40.7 23.4 24.1 13.1 13.1 58.5 57.5 41.1 41.7 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ……… Mining ……………………………………………… Utilities …………………………………………… Construction ……………………………………… Manufacturing …………………………………… Wholesale trade ………………………………… Retail trade ………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ……………… Information ………………………………………… Finance and insurance …………………………… 23.6 16.0 11.2 20.2 16.4 17.8 34.0 14.8 28.2 26.3 23.0 12.1 11.2 19.4 16.1 18.3 31.3 18.6 24.2 25.1 45.4 39.9 38.2 44.1 40.5 43.5 35.8 38.5 41.6 42.0 45.0 33.1 42.9 43.3 40.3 44.6 35.3 42.2 44.3 43.2 19.3 29.4 35.3 23.2 27.1 25.0 17.7 23.7 20.4 20.1 19.8 39.8 34.5 24.5 27.5 23.4 19.2 22.3 20.9 19.0 11.3 14.2 14.7 11.2 13.9 12.4 11.9 19.7 9.0 10.4 11.8 14.6 11.3 11.5 13.8 12.9 13.0 15.0 9.8 10.5 65.4 92.1 70.8 92.8 59.9 59.0 37.6 51.2 44.9 28.8 63.8 94.4 70.7 92.6 60.5 57.3 40.3 47.4 51.4 39.1 34.4 7.1 28.7 6.5 39.8 40.9 62.1 48.3 54.6 71.0 36.0 5.5 29.2 6.4 38.5 42.3 59.2 52.2 48.3 60.6 Real estate and rental and leasing ……………… Professional and technical services …………… Management of companies and enterprises … Administrative and waste services ……………… Educational services …………………………… Health care and social assistance ……………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………… Accommodation and food services …………… Other services, except public administration … Unclassified establishments …………………… 29.8 18.6 25.0 29.9 17.5 17.9 23.0 16.4 17.6 22.6 27.1 23.2 25.8 30.8 18.4 17.6 24.9 18.6 18.5 20.3 38.4 35.8 44.5 41.6 32.7 43.9 31.4 38.0 41.0 43.7 40.9 40.1 40.6 39.5 38.8 43.1 31.0 40.3 39.2 42.1 18.2 23.2 20.2 18.6 26.2 23.5 18.1 22.9 23.2 23.5 17.9 20.9 19.6 18.3 25.7 23.4 19.3 22.7 23.7 23.6 10.1 21.3 9.8 8.4 21.2 12.8 22.6 20.2 14.5 10.0 9.7 14.6 13.4 9.7 15.7 13.8 20.1 15.9 13.6 12.0 59.0 43.8 38.5 52.5 29.4 14.2 52.3 33.2 29.8 60.2 59.8 51.3 37.7 52.5 36.3 12.3 53.1 39.6 32.5 58.2 40.8 55.7 61.4 46.4 70.2 85.6 47.0 66.3 70.1 39.4 40.0 48.3 62.2 46.3 63.4 87.5 46.0 59.9 67.3 39.7 18.9 20.7 39.4 38.8 23.4 22.7 15.0 14.5 37.4 36.1 62.0 63.4 Automation ........................................................... Bankruptcy ............................................................ Business ownership change ................................. Contract cancellation ............................................ Contract completion ............................................. Domestic relocation .............................................. Energy-related………………………………………… Environment-related………………………………… Financial difficulty ................................................. Import competition ................................................ Labor dispute ........................................................ Material shortage .................................................. 12.8 20.2 17.3 23.4 23.7 26.4 23.6 24.5 20.3 13.9 14.3 18.1 17.4 18.1 18.2 29.9 22.0 22.8 21.8 14.8 20.6 12.1 11.5 16.0 41.4 39.1 41.1 41.6 41.6 41.5 41.9 31.6 39.3 37.1 40.3 49.6 45.2 36.8 39.7 39.0 40.4 39.7 38.1 34.1 41.0 37.1 39.1 45.0 26.8 24.3 25.3 22.2 21.6 21.8 24.7 20.9 24.0 26.6 32.5 21.9 25.1 28.2 26.4 19.6 22.9 24.4 26.4 33.4 24.2 32.1 32.7 27.4 19.0 15.9 15.7 11.2 11.3 10.0 9.7 22.8 14.5 14.3 12.7 10.2 11.8 15.6 14.8 10.7 12.0 12.7 13.4 16.9 12.6 16.8 15.6 11.1 45.9 53.8 48.5 57.8 67.2 42.9 82.1 78.7 54.1 40.9 61.4 56.2 46.6 57.2 53.4 50.5 68.2 49.5 77.8 80.6 56.2 55.8 66.5 71.3 54.1 46.0 51.2 42.0 31.6 57.1 17.8 21.3 45.6 59.0 38.4 43.6 53.0 41.8 46.3 48.9 30.3 50.2 22.0 19.3 43.6 43.9 33.1 28.3 Model changeover ................................................ Natural disaster .................................................... Non-natural disaster ………………………………… Overseas relocation ............................................. Plant or machine repair ........................................ Product line discontinued ..................................... Reorganization within company ............................ Seasonal work ...................................................... Slack work ............................................................ Vacation period .................................................... Weather-related .................................................... Other ..................................................................... Not reported .......................................................... 8.8 6.0 ( ) 11.4 13.2 15.0 20.1 20.7 19.3 16.7 21.3 22.0 22.2 6.1 17.1 18.3 13.1 14.8 16.0 22.4 20.5 19.5 10.3 21.7 21.5 22.6 35.4 36.0 (3) 41.7 42.1 38.3 41.2 41.7 39.0 42.8 47.2 39.9 44.3 28.4 43.7 34.8 40.6 42.4 34.7 41.1 40.6 41.6 36.4 42.9 43.5 40.6 39.3 27.0 (3) 29.7 27.5 31.7 25.1 21.6 26.6 23.8 21.3 22.5 22.4 44.0 26.3 22.9 29.1 27.7 20.4 23.4 22.3 25.3 25.3 23.8 21.8 20.0 15.8 31.0 (3) 16.3 16.5 13.5 12.4 14.3 12.0 16.5 9.9 13.4 9.9 21.2 12.9 11.7 16.5 13.2 10.0 12.0 15.0 12.3 22.4 11.2 10.5 10.0 76.3 61.0 (3) 42.8 55.8 56.8 50.3 56.3 64.7 24.0 88.8 50.5 57.1 35.8 62.5 62.2 40.1 63.6 53.7 52.5 55.4 59.2 34.4 85.4 57.7 51.9 23.4 39.0 (3) 57.0 43.3 43.1 49.3 43.4 34.5 76.0 10.3 49.1 42.7 16.5 37.5 37.8 59.6 34.7 45.9 47.2 44.3 40.2 65.5 13.7 42.0 47.8 2 Total ......................................................... Industry Total private .......................................................... Government ………………………………………… Reason for layoff 3 1 Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some nonreporting. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. 18 Table 14. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events by State, 2001 Continued claims without earnings1 State 2 Initial claims for unemployment insurance Number Average number filed per initial claimant Final payments for 1 unemployment insurance Number Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Total ……………………………………………… 1,609,705 3,415,531 2.1 241,356 15.0 Alabama………………………………………………… Alaska…………………………………………………… Arizona…………………………………………………… Arkansas………………………………………………… California………………………………………………… Colorado………………………………………………… Connecticut……………………………………………… Delaware………………………………………………… District of Columbia……………………………………… Florida…………………………………………………… Georgia…………………………………………………… Hawaii…………………………………………………… Idaho……………………………………………………… 18,257 669 23,787 4,066 323,405 17,529 8,572 804 3,623 92,613 12,826 8,901 5,331 51,792 560 54,491 8,950 733,011 47,307 11,016 1,335 12,052 204,959 34,479 6,561 10,911 2.8 .8 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.7 1.3 1.7 3.3 2.2 2.7 .7 2.0 3,231 3 6,228 592 47,442 1,934 820 47 642 20,827 4,080 283 985 17.7 .4 26.2 14.6 14.7 11.0 9.6 5.8 17.7 22.5 31.8 3.2 18.5 Illinois……………………………………………………… Indiana…………………………………………………… Iowa……………………………………………………… Kansas…………………………………………………… Kentucky………………………………………………… Louisiana………………………………………………… Maine……………………………………………………… Maryland………………………………………………… Massachusetts…………………………………………… Michigan………………………………………………… Minnesota………………………………………………… Mississippi………………………………………………… Missouri…………………………………………………… 134,123 42,936 18,382 17,505 15,492 9,980 6,161 5,529 45,159 77,543 34,654 8,133 24,187 346,960 85,137 30,191 35,408 4,482 20,380 9,590 13,210 99,451 138,956 92,633 11,414 44,703 2.6 2.0 1.6 2.0 .3 2.0 1.6 2.4 2.2 1.8 2.7 1.4 1.8 21,706 6,775 1,239 1,846 1,715 1,953 884 374 6,532 9,557 5,161 154 2,651 16.2 15.8 6.7 10.5 11.1 19.6 14.3 6.8 14.5 12.3 14.9 1.9 11.0 Montana…………………………………………………… Nebraska………………………………………………… Nevada ...................................................................... New Hampshire ......................................................... New Jersey ................................................................ New Mexico ............................................................... New York………………………………………………… North Carolina…………………………………………… North Dakota……………………………………………… Ohio……………………………………………………… Oklahoma………………………………………………… Oregon…………………………………………………… Pennsylvania……………………………………………… 3,192 3 ( ) 21,791 5,750 41,496 3,719 60,935 38,497 2,708 60,138 12,914 29,076 109,256 6,409 3 ( ) 38,489 8,767 107,688 10,298 141,960 119,662 4,854 67,993 25,389 42,414 169,224 2.0 1.0 1.8 1.5 2.6 2.8 2.3 3.1 1.8 1.1 2.0 1.5 1.5 632 3 ( ) 1,771 563 8,394 806 7,994 9,565 460 7,856 2,984 3,757 8,737 19.8 .2 8.1 9.8 20.2 21.7 13.1 24.8 17.0 13.1 23.1 12.9 8.0 Rhode Island……………………………………………… South Carolina…………………………………………… South Dakota…………………………………………… Tennessee……………………………………………… Texas……………………………………………………… Utah……………………………………………………… Vermont ………………………………………………… Virginia…………………………………………………… Washington……………………………………………… West Virginia…………………………………………… Wisconsin………………………………………………… Wyoming………………………………………………… 4,191 14,229 922 13,659 108,875 9,205 1,858 20,580 30,736 921 54,198 3 ( ) 6,510 20,913 1,862 44,038 247,027 19,397 3,956 39,453 83,074 3,260 92,439 3 ( ) 1.6 1.5 2.0 3.2 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.7 3.5 1.7 1.0 89 1,276 72 3,672 21,008 996 301 3,039 3,903 52 5,728 3 ( ) 2.1 9.0 7.8 26.9 19.3 10.8 16.2 14.8 12.7 5.6 10.6 49.4 16,830 55,243 3.3 2,053 12.2 Puerto Rico……………………………………………… 1 The MLS program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional information. 19 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. Table 15. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events by industry and reason for layoff, 2001 Continued claims without earnings1 Measure 2 Total …………………………………………………… Initial claims for unemployment insurance Number Average number filed per initial claimant Final payments for 1 unemployment insurance Number Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments 1,609,705 3,415,531 2.1 241,356 15.0 1,562,978 3,318,137 2.1 233,002 14.9 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ………………… Mining ……………………………………………………… Utilities ……………………………………………………… Construction ………………………………………………… Manufacturing ……………………………………………… Wholesale trade …………………………………………… Retail trade ………………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing ………………………… Information ………………………………………………… 110,907 12,476 4,196 115,303 691,184 22,600 103,328 96,504 56,175 278,841 25,119 8,525 202,894 1,444,836 62,911 214,121 207,586 149,615 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.8 2.1 2.2 2.7 24,027 1,291 461 9,057 109,060 4,977 17,831 7,274 9,264 21.7 10.3 11.0 7.9 15.8 22.0 17.3 7.5 16.5 Finance and insurance …………………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ……………………… Professional and technical services ……………………… Management of companies and enterprises …………… Administrative and waste services ……………………… Educational services ……………………………………… Health care and social assistance ……………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ……………………… Accommodation and food services ……………………… Other services, except public administration …………… 29,631 4,645 40,566 2,831 132,562 1,264 19,370 16,710 82,001 10,462 88,239 9,765 101,656 5,271 272,062 2,760 41,798 29,825 131,315 17,871 3.0 2.1 2.5 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.8 1.6 1.7 6,302 619 8,402 233 21,829 280 2,111 1,800 5,917 926 21.3 13.3 20.7 8.2 16.5 22.2 10.9 10.8 7.2 8.9 Unclassified establishments ……………………………… 10,263 23,127 2.3 1,341 13.1 Government …………………………………………………… 46,727 97,394 2.1 8,354 17.9 Automation ........................................................................ Bankruptcy ........................................................................ Business ownership change ............................................. Contract cancellation ......................................................... Contract completion .......................................................... Domestic relocation ........................................................... Energy-related………………………………………………… Environment-related…………………………………………… Financial difficulty .............................................................. Import competition ............................................................. Labor dispute .................................................................... Material shortage ............................................................... 2,058 62,173 45,014 28,991 130,163 14,663 3,988 602 137,873 27,237 5,516 1,676 3,263 169,594 100,768 68,271 237,076 37,631 13,068 842 361,387 65,294 8,486 3,301 1.6 2.7 2.2 2.4 1.8 2.6 3.3 1.4 2.6 2.4 1.5 2.0 170 12,866 7,431 5,565 20,403 3,347 1,069 71 25,275 6,077 508 299 8.3 20.7 16.5 19.2 15.7 22.8 26.8 11.8 18.3 22.3 9.2 17.8 Model changeover ............................................................. Natural disaster ................................................................. Non-natural disaster ………………………………………… Overseas relocation .......................................................... Plant or machine repair ..................................................... Product line discontinued .................................................. Reorganization within company ........................................ Seasonal work ................................................................... Slack work ......................................................................... Vacation period ................................................................. Weather-related ................................................................ Other ................................................................................. Not reported ...................................................................... 7,721 574 2,227 12,926 4,967 9,207 143,122 376,985 419,245 19,310 5,987 93,488 53,992 13,181 940 8,202 39,351 7,239 21,769 381,478 763,982 760,392 24,540 9,361 216,278 99,837 1.7 1.6 3.7 3.0 1.5 2.4 2.7 2.0 1.8 1.3 1.6 2.3 1.8 2,163 10 574 4,139 366 2,183 30,622 52,703 42,982 655 231 14,185 7,462 28.0 1.7 25.8 32.0 7.4 23.7 21.4 14.0 10.3 3.4 3.9 15.2 13.8 Industry Total private ...................................................................... Reason for layoff 1 The MLS program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional information. 2 20 See footnote 1, table 1. Table 16. Unemployment insurance benefit exhaustion rates by selected claimant characteristics, 2001 Characteristic 2 Total ………………………………… Final payments for Initial claims for unemployment insurance unemployment insurance Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments 1,609,705 241,356 15.0 325,473 654,890 386,747 211,845 30,750 44,886 97,561 58,457 37,066 3,386 13.8 14.9 15.1 17.5 11.0 915,950 681,550 12,205 123,006 115,379 2,971 13.4 16.9 24.3 886,093 218,430 297,440 11,798 54,668 141,276 113,747 42,518 52,999 1,813 10,295 19,984 12.8 19.5 17.8 15.4 18.8 14.1 1 Age Under 30 years of age ………………… 30 to 44 ………………………………… 45 to 54 ………………………………… 55 years of age or older ……………… Not available …………………………… Gender Male……………………………………… Female…………………………………… Not available …………………………… Race/ethnicity White……………………………………… Black …………………………………… Hispanic origin ………………………… American Indian or Alaskan Native …… Asian or Pacific Islander ……………… Not available …………………………… 1 2 Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional information. See footnote 1, table 1. 21 Table 17. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1999–2001 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Census region and division 1999 2000 2001 United States ............................. 5,675 5,620 8,352 1,149,267 1,170,427 1,750,643 972,244 1,018,700 1,609,705 Northeast ............................................... 848 826 1,328 169,040 158,894 257,566 165,293 171,111 283,378 New England ..................................... Middle Atlantic ................................... 207 641 216 610 420 908 57,185 111,855 63,343 95,551 88,371 169,195 32,913 132,380 42,466 128,645 71,691 211,687 South ..................................................... 1,212 1,271 1,895 229,203 245,099 396,407 213,718 229,395 380,998 South Atlantic .................................... East South Central ............................ West South Central ........................... 519 176 517 575 277 419 1,026 352 517 107,574 28,885 92,744 117,803 46,406 80,890 202,406 65,596 128,405 79,072 24,548 110,098 94,135 45,586 89,674 189,622 55,541 135,835 Midwest ................................................. 1,643 1,715 2,301 305,299 348,029 515,218 270,112 307,713 467,909 East North Central ............................. West North Central ............................ 1,362 281 1,439 276 1,810 491 255,064 50,235 300,607 47,422 424,477 90,741 227,501 42,611 267,467 40,246 368,938 98,971 West ...................................................... 1,972 1,808 2,828 445,725 418,405 581,452 323,121 310,481 477,420 Mountain ............................................ Pacific ................................................ 250 1,722 269 1,539 465 2,363 54,902 390,823 54,811 363,594 109,423 472,029 33,630 289,491 37,801 272,680 84,633 392,787 1 1999 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that make up the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 22 Table 18. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1999–2001 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations State 1999 1 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 Total ............................................... 5,675 5,620 8,352 1,149,267 1,170,427 1,750,643 972,244 1,018,700 1,609,705 Alabama ..................................................... Alaska ......................................................... Arizona ....................................................... Arkansas .................................................... California .................................................... Colorado ..................................................... Connecticut ................................................ Delaware .................................................... District of Columbia .................................... Florida ......................................................... Georgia ....................................................... Hawaii ......................................................... Idaho ........................................................... 82 19 68 27 1,490 23 33 2 ( ) 4 209 54 49 39 63 22 99 22 1,322 40 36 2 ( ) 3 293 35 19 37 108 6 129 27 1,962 118 60 6 13 531 74 48 45 13,359 13,209 24,350 5,909 336,325 3,455 12,573 2 ( ) 558 39,249 10,383 4,896 4,884 10,632 4,520 22,002 3,889 316,286 10,122 9,361 2 ( ) 1,200 53,721 11,303 1,997 4,802 22,092 1,136 24,045 6,077 388,339 30,124 15,008 814 3,623 97,585 21,215 6,272 7,726 11,589 2,341 12,716 4,703 252,382 2,347 5,213 2 ( ) 558 28,031 7,907 5,356 4,142 10,059 2,783 17,334 3,703 229,080 5,089 5,370 2 ( ) 1,200 48,620 5,268 2,052 3,748 18,257 669 23,787 4,066 323,405 17,529 8,572 804 3,623 92,613 12,826 8,901 5,331 Illinois .......................................................... Indiana ........................................................ Iowa ............................................................ Kansas ....................................................... Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine .......................................................... Maryland ..................................................... Massachusetts ............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi .................................................. Missouri ...................................................... 429 80 45 32 33 50 30 29 124 384 128 23 70 480 97 67 23 81 38 20 18 130 358 129 48 44 678 191 101 42 85 80 43 39 245 352 199 69 120 102,593 15,071 8,184 7,179 5,574 9,953 7,229 3,447 33,975 54,549 21,747 4,556 11,754 116,985 17,923 9,453 3,473 15,545 4,948 10,950 3,091 37,362 58,352 25,662 9,681 7,306 173,892 40,361 15,591 13,671 17,420 10,747 10,177 9,381 46,850 95,873 35,595 11,485 21,674 75,851 11,940 8,140 5,490 3,082 9,291 4,462 3,165 21,050 63,535 18,293 2,816 9,544 82,834 17,902 11,209 2,961 11,488 5,166 3,212 2,409 29,905 66,652 19,307 5,604 5,177 134,123 42,936 18,382 17,505 15,492 9,980 6,161 5,529 45,159 77,543 34,654 8,133 24,187 Montana ...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire .......................................... New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York .................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota .............................................. Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon ........................................................ Pennsylvania .............................................. 13 2 ( ) 55 5 146 25 201 91 3 298 27 79 294 17 7 31 10 170 19 213 110 4 328 17 73 227 22 2 ( ) 72 29 200 24 367 206 18 338 46 164 341 1,202 2 ( ) 8,578 510 25,783 4,843 40,803 21,734 895 48,489 4,969 13,493 45,269 2,207 841 5,050 1,629 24,027 3,846 33,198 27,823 516 57,859 3,971 18,422 38,326 4,230 2 ( ) 23,872 9,232 37,389 5,851 72,910 44,013 2,752 56,069 9,668 29,791 58,896 1,208 2 ( ) 6,929 517 24,389 3,175 31,552 14,189 702 44,706 4,948 9,896 76,439 2,416 741 4,297 954 28,497 1,915 35,148 15,938 516 60,397 3,826 18,405 65,000 3,192 2 ( ) 21,791 5,750 41,496 3,719 60,935 38,497 2,708 60,138 12,914 29,076 109,256 Rhode Island .............................................. South Carolina ............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................ Vermont ...................................................... Virginia ....................................................... Washington ................................................ West Virginia .............................................. Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming .................................................... 12 55 ( ) 38 413 24 3 71 85 5 171 3 11 33 ( ) 85 342 26 9 70 103 12 176 – 29 52 7 90 364 54 14 96 183 9 251 2 ( ) 2,467 6,203 2 ( ) 5,396 71,913 6,479 431 24,716 22,900 1,196 34,362 1,111 2,886 4,266 2 ( ) 10,548 68,082 6,782 1,155 14,863 22,369 1,446 49,488 – 5,188 5,382 754 14,599 101,913 13,496 1,916 19,278 46,491 1,115 58,282 2 ( ) 1,240 12,763 2 ( ) 7,061 91,156 2,837 431 11,709 19,516 662 31,469 276 1,755 8,118 2 ( ) 18,435 76,979 3,002 1,270 11,245 20,360 1,247 39,682 – 4,191 14,229 922 13,659 108,875 9,205 1,858 20,580 30,736 921 54,198 2 ( ) Puerto Rico ................................................. 63 61 84 9,881 11,751 17,444 11,077 11,268 16,830 1 2 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 23 Table 19. Top 50 Metropolitan Statistical Areas in 2001: Number of extended mass layoff events and separations 2000 2001 Metropolitan Statistical Area Layoff events Separations Rank Total, 331 Metropolitan Statistical Areas … 3,562 706,632 Total, top 50 Metropolitan Statistical Areas…… 2,274 501,827 Chicago, IL ……………………………………… Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA ………………… Fresno, CA ……………………………………… San Jose, CA …………………………………… Bakersfield, CA ………………………………… New York, NY …………………………………… Detroit, MI ………………………………………… Houston, TX ……………………………………… Las Vegas, NV-AZ ……………………………… Dallas, TX ………………………………………… 226 128 169 17 111 92 133 102 24 46 52,156 29,389 40,883 4,505 21,990 12,450 24,547 20,234 3,837 16,187 Salinas, CA ……………………………………… Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI …………………… San Francisco, CA ……………………………… Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA ………………… Boston, MA-NH ………………………………… Riverside-San Bernardino, CA ………………… Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA …………………… Orange County, CA ……………………………… Stockton-Lodi, CA ……………………………… Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA …………………… 88 54 24 24 39 75 84 26 42 13 San Diego, CA …………………………………… Fort Worth-Arlington, TX ………………………… Phoenix-Mesa, AZ ……………………………… Atlanta, GA ……………………………………… Austin-San Marcos, TX ………………………… Miami, FL ………………………………………… Oakland, CA ……………………………………… San Antonio, TX ………………………………… Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT ……………………… Ventura, CA ……………………………………… 1 1 Layoff events Separations Rank – 5,651 1,118,152 … – 3,628 756,351 … 1 3 2 35 5 12 4 7 41 9 346 299 157 199 119 162 142 60 66 92 89,087 55,135 36,172 31,613 31,226 30,918 27,734 23,387 19,792 19,417 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 18,624 7,645 3,494 7,282 7,152 20,636 14,408 5,628 8,189 2,819 8 19 47 20 22 6 11 28 18 59 82 97 106 61 89 84 91 101 47 46 19,327 16,755 16,352 15,896 15,844 14,634 14,240 13,112 12,146 11,959 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 17 28 10 5 35 23 23 13 24 5,218 3,533 3,689 6,557 1,015 5,879 3,588 4,051 3,144 3,295 29 46 44 24 121 27 45 38 53 50 82 31 67 31 32 67 78 26 36 51 11,744 11,736 11,499 11,460 11,388 11,156 10,668 8,572 8,462 8,398 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 St. Louis, MO-IL ………………………………… Sacramento, CA ………………………………… Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC ………… Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI ……………………… Philadelphia, PA-NJ …………………………… Yuma, AZ ………………………………………… Kansas City, MO-KS …………………………… Petersburg-Clearwater,FL FL ………… Tampa-St.Petersburg-Clearwater, Tampa-St. Indianapolis, IN …………………………………… Newark, NJ ……………………………………… 19 25 19 26 44 50 15 14 15 36 6,297 8,951 10,794 12,092 4,031 15,481 2,798 1,936 2,895 4,786 26 16 14 13 39 10 60 83 57 32 43 31 35 33 58 32 33 45 32 40 8,262 8,152 8,090 8,010 7,940 7,543 7,479 7,338 7,196 7,110 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Modesto, CA ……………………………………… Denver, CO ……………………………………… Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN …………………………… Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY ……………………… Orlando, FL ……………………………………… Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC ……………… Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI ………… West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL …………… Nassau-Suffolk, NY ……………………………… Gary, IN …………………………………………… 35 5 24 17 11 3 41 31 26 9 8,565 551 4,911 2,179 1,560 373 7,069 8,988 4,612 1,453 17 179 31 77 95 205 23 15 34 99 31 26 33 30 50 20 38 27 26 18 6,827 6,385 6,266 6,089 5,805 5,767 5,750 5,732 5,531 5,250 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 2 1 Metropolitan areas are ranked by the number of separation in 2001. See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are defined in Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 1999, U.S. Office of Management and Budget, June 1999. 2 24 Chart 1. Index of mass layoff separations, 2001 Mountain West North Central East North Central New England WA ME VT ND MT OR Middle Atlantic MN WI SD ID NH MA RI NY MI CT WY IA NE IL UT CA CO KS IN OH MD MO KY NM DE WV VA TN AZ NJ PA NV DC NC OK AR SC MS Pacific AL South Atlantic GA LA TX FL West South Central AK HI East South Central Index 160 or more Note: The The index index is is calculated calculatedas asthe theshare shareof ofprivates private sector Note: ector separations separationsdivided dividedby bythe theshare shareof ofprivate,sector private sectoremployment employment in establishments employing at least 50 workers. 120 to 159 80 to 119 in establishments employing at least 50 workers. 40 to 79 Source: Mass Layoff Statistics 39 or below SOURCE: Mass Layoff Statistics 25 Table 20. Summary of employer expectations of a recall from extended mass layoffs, 1996–2001 1 Percent of layoff events Nature of recall 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 60.5 65.8 60.2 59.9 60.7 44.6 81.5 48.4 81.4 50.4 83.4 51.3 83.2 44.2 83.1 45.0 80.1 44.0 89.9 59.0 90.7 61.0 93.0 62.3 89.6 49.3 89.0 48.2 84.4 36.4 91.8 94.9 92.1 93.9 94.1 91.5 84.2 42.7 86.0 48.5 88.1 47.3 87.1 41.7 86.8 42.2 86.4 40.6 94.3 65.3 95.5 70.1 97.0 66.3 94.6 53.6 93.1 51.7 91.7 42.5 40.2 42.0 39.4 33.6 33.5 25.5 77.4 56.8 72.9 53.8 76.2 57.4 74.6 49.5 74.7 51.5 71.0 49.1 83.3 49.6 81.9 44.0 86.9 56.2 78.8 40.2 79.7 40.3 73.7 27.5 ALL LAYOFF EVENTS Anticipate a recall…………………………………… Timeframe Within 6 months……………………………………… Within 3 months………………………………… Size of recall At least half…………………………………………… All workers………………………………………… LAYOFF EVENTS DUE TO SEASONAL WORK AND VACATION PERIOD Anticipate a recall…………………………………… Timeframe Within 6 months……………………………………… Within 3 months………………………………… Size of recall At least half…………………………………………… All workers………………………………………… ALL LAYOFF EVENTS, EXCLUDING THOSE DUE TO SEASONAL WORK AND VACATION PERIOD Anticipate a recall…………………………………… Timeframe Within 6 months……………………………………… Within 3 months………………………………… Size of recall At least half…………………………………………… All workers………………………………………… 1 See footnote 1, table1. 26 Table 21. Distribution of extended mass layoff events with expected recall, 1996–2001 Percent of layoff events Measure 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 60.5 65.8 60.2 59.9 60.7 44.6 Total private ............................................................. 60.7 65.4 60.0 59.6 60.6 44.0 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ............. Mining .................................................................. Utilities ................................................................. Construction ........................................................ Manufacturing....................................................... Wholesale trade .................................................. Retail trade .......................................................... Transportation and warehousing ......................... Information ........................................................... Finance and insurance ........................................ 92.6 41.2 14.3 70.3 56.0 41.4 28.3 72.8 45.2 8.7 95.2 61.5 33.3 73.0 58.4 48.6 29.3 78.0 48.2 7.5 93.2 42.2 11.1 69.3 55.6 43.5 29.3 72.2 25.0 3.8 92.8 34.1 55.6 72.7 47.5 36.8 32.5 73.4 25.9 5.4 91.4 61.1 31.8 81.6 48.5 35.5 29.1 70.3 26.0 5.3 92.8 62.3 26.3 72.6 33.5 18.3 21.2 54.9 8.6 2.8 Real estate and rental and leasing ...................... Professional and technical services .................... Management of companies and enterprises ....... Administrative and waste services ...................... Educational services............................................. Health care and social assistance ....................... Arts, entertainment, and recreation ..................... Accommodation and food services ..................... Other services, except public administration........ 60.0 58.0 33.3 53.2 50.0 62.1 82.2 73.5 81.4 37.5 57.0 66.7 51.6 76.9 70.2 82.7 74.9 87.5 50.0 49.1 63.6 43.4 61.5 61.3 68.3 66.7 83.1 61.5 50.4 33.3 37.9 55.6 63.3 83.2 70.2 80.5 41.2 50.8 50.0 52.2 54.5 56.6 81.7 73.5 82.3 24.2 20.6 37.5 38.8 33.3 68.4 76.2 55.0 72.0 Unclassified ........................................................ 40.0 40.0 – 30.4 32.3 28.9 Government ............................................................. 57.1 73.0 64.1 68.3 63.9 65.6 Automation .............................................................. Bankruptcy ............................................................... Business ownership change .................................... Contract cancellation ............................................... Contract completion ................................................. Domestic relocation ................................................. Energy-related………………………………………… Environment-related…………………………………… Financial difficulty .................................................... Import competition ................................................... Labor dispute ........................................................... Material shortage ..................................................... 57.1 3.9 9.0 36.4 58.7 9.2 – 42.9 12.3 9.7 50.0 57.1 33.3 11.3 14.8 24.6 62.1 5.2 – – 10.3 12.1 59.4 84.6 66.7 4.9 9.1 25.0 43.2 4.4 33.3 57.1 9.2 18.9 77.1 87.0 20.0 2.8 7.4 25.6 47.7 5.4 50.0 7.7 8.9 5.2 61.5 70.0 – 3.2 4.0 28.7 57.6 – 40.0 28.6 7.5 9.5 48.3 83.3 36.4 3.1 4.3 16.7 52.0 5.0 20.0 – 8.3 9.1 61.5 40.0 Model changeover ................................................... Natural disaster ....................................................... Non-natural disaster ................................................ Overseas relocation ................................................. Plant or machine repair ........................................... Product line discontinued ........................................ Reorganization within company ............................... Seasonal work ......................................................... Slack work ............................................................... Vacation period ........................................................ Weather-related ....................................................... Other ........................................................................ Not reported ............................................................. 83.3 81.3 3 ( ) 7.7 87.0 28.6 14.2 91.5 73.6 100.0 86.7 29.3 1.2 94.4 60.0 3 ( ) 5.3 100.0 27.7 14.1 94.7 74.1 98.9 89.2 23.6 2.3 84.2 33.3 3 ( ) 5.7 90.6 22.2 12.0 91.8 71.0 98.1 95.5 27.7 1.0 71.4 – 3 ( ) – 92.9 17.1 13.0 93.9 70.3 94.1 94.9 18.8 1.1 77.8 100.0 3 ( ) 2.3 84.2 20.0 11.6 94.0 69.5 98.8 86.4 23.8 .7 53.8 75.0 6.7 1.3 100.0 4.9 6.3 91.0 42.5 99.2 90.7 14.9 .7 1 Total …………………………………….……… Industry Reason for layoff 1 layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to See footnote 1, table 1. 2 identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 3 NOTE: Dash represents zero. Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for 27 Table 22. Number of extended mass layoff events and separations from which the employer does not expect a recall, 2001 Measure Layoff events 1 Total ……………………………………………… Separations 3,453 789,407 Total private ............................................................... 3,415 782,972 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ................ Mining ..................................................................... Utilities .................................................................... Construction ........................................................... Manufacturing.......................................................... Wholesale trade ..................................................... Retail trade ............................................................. Transportation and warehousing ............................ Information ............................................................. Finance and insurance ........................................... 29 17 13 105 1,704 124 307 113 268 160 6,382 3,618 1,914 14,568 361,555 21,421 92,616 39,295 50,978 30,947 Real estate and rental and leasing ......................... Professional and technical services ....................... Management of companies and enterprises .......... Administrative and waste services ......................... Educational services............................................... Health care and social assistance .......................... Arts, entertainment, and recreation ........................ Accommodation and food services ........................ Other services, except public administration........... 17 155 8 187 8 47 17 99 14 4,532 25,373 895 87,539 1,084 7,944 4,668 21,869 1,722 Unclassified ........................................................... 23 4,052 Government ............................................................... 38 6,435 3 264 190 114 152 96 11 2 ( ) 567 112 3 8 385 125,909 51,443 22,304 28,322 18,222 2,341 2 ( ) 128,107 23,891 893 883 5 299 37 1,728 2 ( ) 2,991 15,059 – 8,919 141,358 28,086 122,762 – – 60,612 4,689 1,683 446,817 Industry Reason for layoff Automation ................................................................. Bankruptcy ................................................................. Business ownership change ...................................... Contract cancellation .................................................. Contract completion ................................................... Domestic relocation .................................................... Energy-related…………………………………………… Environment-related……………………………………… Financial difficulty ....................................................... Import competition ...................................................... Labor dispute .............................................................. Material shortage ........................................................ Model changeover ...................................................... Natural disaster .......................................................... Non-natural disaster ................................................... Overseas relocation ................................................... Plant or machine repair .............................................. Product line discontinued ........................................... Reorganization within company ................................. Seasonal work ............................................................ Slack work .................................................................. Vacation period .......................................................... Weather-related ......................................................... Other .......................................................................... Not reported ............................................................... 3 Internal company restructuring ………………………… 1 13 76 – 36 662 114 688 – – bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 3 2 ( ) NOTE: Dash represents zero. Internal company restructuring consists of 28 Table 23. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by reason for layoff, 1997-2001 Layoff events Separations Reason for layoff 1 Total, all reasons .......................... 1997 1998 1999 2000 615 683 684 778 2 2 2 2 2001 1,253 1997 157,957 1998 1999 2000 2001 154,273 185,298 188,660 379,790 2 2 2 ( ) 21,548 16,778 3,388 5,454 12,559 – 874 23,182 10,086 1,769 ( ) 43,804 24,704 4,193 2,445 7,492 457 2,543 28,792 20,095 2 ( ) 2 2 ( ) 48,246 14,262 6,445 1,189 8,529 2 ( ) 569 41,193 10,351 – – 112,566 32,606 8,919 1,735 14,616 1,457 2 ( ) 71,638 17,864 2 ( ) 2 2 Automation ....................................... Bankruptcy ........................................ Business ownership change ............. Contract cancellation ........................ Contract completed .......................... Domestic relocation .......................... Energy-related .................................. Environment-related ......................... Financial difficulty ............................. Import competition ............................ Labor dispute .................................... ( ) 52 53 19 12 47 – 5 107 38 – ( ) 64 76 18 22 65 – 3 85 45 3 ( ) 89 88 26 12 40 3 7 111 64 2 ( ) ( ) 120 60 36 9 51 2 ( ) 4 197 47 – – 208 82 35 6 76 6 2 ( ) 299 78 2 ( ) ( ) 17,805 12,076 4,891 2,209 10,818 – 541 34,259 9,087 – Material shortage .............................. Model changeover ............................ Natural disaster ................................ Non-natural disaster ......................... Overseas relocation ......................... Plant or machine repair .................... Product line discontinued ................. Reorganization within company ........ Seasonal work .................................. Slack work ........................................ Weather-related ................................ Other ................................................. Not reported ...................................... ( ) – (2) 4 ( ) 24 – 18 120 2 ( ) 34 3 68 8 2 3 2 ( ) (2) 4 ( ) 20 – 14 138 7 27 – 76 13 ( ) – – 4 ( ) 26 – 6 123 2 ( ) 26 2 ( ) 44 13 2 ( ) – – 4 ( ) 18 2 ( ) 6 127 3 32 – 49 14 2 5 2 ( ) – 7 49 – 7 178 15 96 – 76 26 ( ) – (2) 4 ( ) 5,252 – 5,152 24,470 2 ( ) 10,691 248 18,122 911 536 2 ( ) (2) 4 ( ) 5,936 – 2,313 26,408 1,586 5,362 – 14,480 1,397 ( ) – – 4 ( ) 4,868 – 970 25,600 2 ( ) 4,432 2 ( ) 11,365 2,514 ( ) – – 4 ( ) 3,801 2 ( ) 1,749 33,316 233 4,664 – 10,928 2,035 681 2 ( ) – 2,404 10,512 – 3,960 50,759 2,994 26,472 – 16,454 3,238 332 363 411 504 767 88,610 87,916 122,900 137,017 267,569 3 Internal company restructuring ......... 1 4 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. NOTE: Dash represents zero. See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. 2 29 Table 24. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by major industry sector, 1997–2001 Layoff events Separations Industry 1997 1998 1999 2000 Total ................................................................ 615 683 684 778 1,253 Total private ........................................................... 606 675 681 771 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ........... Mining ................................................................ Utilities ............................................................... Construction ...................................................... Manufacturing..................................................... Wholesale trade ................................................ Retail trade ........................................................ Transportation and warehousing ....................... Information ........................................................ Finance and insurance ...................................... 11 13 – 10 307 24 109 23 14 24 13 9 (2) 14 337 30 95 20 23 38 10 19 (2) 13 348 32 103 31 7 19 16 4 4 5 405 34 113 32 17 26 Real estate and rental and leasing .................... Professional and technical services .................. Management of companies and enterprises ..... Administrative and waste services .................... Educational services.......................................... Health care and social assistance ..................... Arts, entertainment, and recreation ................... Accommodation and food services ................... Other services, except public administration...... ( ) 6 – 20 2 ( ) 16 7 15 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 12 2 ( ) 16 2 ( ) 29 7 22 4 – 12 4 24 2 ( ) 30 2 ( ) 16 5 Unclassified ...................................................... – 1 8 1 Government ........................................................... 9 2 1998 1999 2001 2001 157,957 154,273 185,298 188,660 379,790 1,252 155,148 153,150 184,165 186,791 379,715 12 9 (2) 19 650 51 189 37 71 38 3,182 2,877 – 1,609 63,740 4,403 43,447 5,877 2,500 5,682 1,624 1,535 (2) 3,479 73,923 6,373 25,926 5,110 5,329 8,387 2,195 5,893 (2) 3,306 77,469 5,455 49,998 6,457 1,953 4,192 3,456 488 764 510 85,940 7,397 43,888 6,176 3,206 6,210 2,341 2,812 (2) 2,055 164,994 11,328 70,000 10,405 18,489 10,636 ( ) 13 2 ( ) 24 2 ( ) 45 2 ( ) 9 10 8 41 2 ( ) 49 6 23 7 28 4 ( ) 1,637 – 3,714 2 ( ) 5,826 4,375 4,520 2 ( ) 3 3 7 3 7 1 2 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 30 2001 1997 2 ( ) 3,182 2 ( ) 3,631 2 ( ) 5,463 2,031 5,030 426 – 1,746 428 9,025 2 ( ) 9,612 2 ( ) 4,853 770 ( ) 1,434 2 ( ) 6,069 2 ( ) 15,423 2 ( ) 2,628 1,354 3,216 7,601 2 ( ) 55,019 834 5,149 1,978 9,945 463 – 55 303 455 1,940 1,123 1,133 1,869 75 2,809 2 2 Table 25. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, top 50 industries in 2001 Permanent closures Industry NAICS 2000 Layoff events Separations 2 2001 Rank 1 Layoff events Separations Rank 1 Total .............................................................. … 778 188,660 … 1,253 379,790 … Total, top 50 industries ............................................. … 727 182,365 … 1,143 355,809 … Administrative and support services ………………… General merchandise stores ………………………… Computer and electronic product manufacturing …… Apparel manufacturing ………………………………… Electrical equipment and appliance mfg. …………… Primary metal manufacturing ………………………… Textile mills ……………………………………………… Building material and garden supply stores ………… Machinery manufacturing ……………………………… Food manufacturing …………………………………… Transportation equipment manufacturing …………… Paper manufacturing …………………………………… Furniture and related product manufacturing ………… Professional and technical services ………………… Food and beverage stores …………………………… Telecommunications …………………………………… Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods …………… 561 452 334 315 335 331 313 444 333 311 336 322 337 541 445 517 424 24 26 24 66 11 12 23 7 21 44 42 21 14 13 20 6 19 6,069 17,989 8,132 12,388 2,231 4,040 5,586 3,039 4,952 9,481 11,631 4,300 2,537 1,434 5,996 1,044 4,460 7 1 6 2 31 15 10 21 11 5 3 14 26 35 8 39 12 48 58 76 86 33 34 57 23 41 38 37 32 38 41 28 30 26 54,915 27,640 25,347 17,413 15,552 14,574 13,436 12,868 9,877 9,699 8,678 8,545 8,224 7,601 7,487 7,420 6,597 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Fabricated metal product manufacturing …………… Plastics and rubber products manufacturing ………… Furniture and home furnishings stores ……………… Accommodation ………………………………………… Nonstore retailers ……………………………………… Credit intermediation and related activities ………… Clothing and clothing accessories stores …………… ISPs, search portals, and data processing …………… Food services and drinking places …………………… Publishing industries, except Internet ………………… Chemical manufacturing ……………………………… Miscellaneous manufacturing ………………………… Insurance carriers and related activities ……………… Merchant wholesalers, durable goods ……………… Printing and related support activities ………………… Leather and allied product manufacturing …………… Wood product manufacturing ………………………… 332 326 442 721 454 522 448 518 722 511 325 339 524 423 323 316 321 20 15 16 4 8 11 15 6 5 3 6 22 16 10 14 13 20 2,773 2,462 3,875 1,970 2,572 2,453 2,578 1,243 658 531 550 3,598 4,357 2,175 2,610 2,422 3,542 22 27 17 33 25 28 24 37 48 51 49 18 13 32 23 29 19 38 23 24 10 18 18 12 19 18 13 20 18 14 19 16 12 24 6,361 6,033 5,760 5,758 5,671 5,597 5,020 4,807 4,187 3,950 3,785 3,488 3,393 3,391 3,386 3,023 2,927 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Mining, except oil and gas …………………………… Couriers and messengers ……………………………… Real estate ……………………………………………… Truck transportation …………………………………… Unclassified establishments …………………………… Hospitals ………………………………………………… Ambulatory health care services ……………………… Textile product mills …………………………………… Air transportation ……………………………………… Securities, commodity contracts, investments ……… Motion picture and sound recording industries ……… Specialty trade contractors …………………………… Miscellaneous store retailers ………………………… Electronic markets and agents and brokers ………… Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing ………… Transit and ground passenger transportation ……… 212 492 531 484 999 622 621 314 481 523 512 238 453 425 327 485 4 4 488 826 ( ) 3,465 455 10,156 4,011 1,381 3 ( ) – 3 ( ) 329 3 ( ) 762 1,756 713 54 41 72 20 58 4 16 36 57 73 59 60 70 44 34 46 9 5 2,812 2,649 3 ( ) 2,126 1,940 1,921 1,905 1,878 3 ( ) 1,646 3 ( ) 1,382 1,352 1,340 1,251 1,197 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 3 3 ( ) 15 3 28 10 7 3 ( ) – 3 ( ) 3 3 ( ) 5 8 5 3 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2001. See footnote 1, table 1. 3 ( ) 10 7 6 8 12 3 ( ) 6 3 ( ) 11 8 6 7 6 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 31 Table 26. Permanent worksite closures: Over-the-year comparisons of extended mass layoff events and separations by State, 2000-2001 Layoff events Separations State 2000 1 Total ………………… 778 2001 379,790 191,130 33 15 -4 2 ( ) 3 82 2 ( ) 5 2 ( ) – 13 20 2 ( ) 5 5,279 671 2 ( ) 1,576 40,984 2 ( ) 2,061 – – 12,182 7,284 2 ( ) 422 7,506 – 2,548 3,335 63,209 2,693 3,609 2 ( ) – 15,782 9,821 689 1,823 2,227 -671 2 ( ) 1,759 22,225 2 ( ) 1,548 2 ( ) – 3,600 2,537 2 ( ) 1,401 10 12 17 2 1 1 15,963 3,068 1,707 819 5,849 1,495 951 1,056 8,808 3,453 2,053 5,084 4,465 28,749 7,689 5,570 1,934 3,737 2,224 1,638 3,666 3,647 45,744 3,535 4,118 5,013 12,786 4,621 3,863 1,115 -2,112 729 687 2,610 -5,161 42,291 1,482 -966 548 ( ) 2 ( ) 5,721 5,168 8,850 1,759 14,127 17,758 – 12,334 2,149 3,714 13,823 ( ) 2 ( ) 3,445 5,168 3,776 2 ( ) 11,573 6,825 – 2,422 1,570 2,556 10,923 835 1,532 2 ( ) 8,248 28,435 5,869 327 5,785 8,580 547 4,924 – -994 -66 2 ( ) 5,665 20,920 5,029 2 ( ) 589 5,261 -152 2,071 – Illinois…………………… Indiana………………… Iowa……………………… Kansas………………… Kentucky………………… Louisiana……………… Maine…………………… Maryland………………… Massachusetts………… Michigan………………… Minnesota……………… Mississippi……………… Missouri………………… 63 12 5 7 21 12 5 6 22 14 10 22 27 73 24 22 9 22 12 9 6 19 27 12 22 28 Rhode Island…………… South Carolina………… South Dakota…………… Tennessee……………… Texas…………………… Utah……………………… Vermont………………… Virginia………………… Washington…………… West Virginia…………… Wisconsin……………… Wyoming……………… – – 4 – -3 13 2 – 2 – 26 2 ( ) 20 49 – 37 4 11 3 5 8 – 19 46 3 2 ( ) 22 18 6 14 – Change 188,660 12 9 222 12 13 2 ( ) – 61 36 3 8 3 8 2001 475 18 4 2 ( ) 6 140 2 ( ) 8 – – 48 16 2 ( ) 3 – 2000 1,253 Alabama………………… Alaska…………………… Arizona………………… Arkansas……………… California……………… Colorado………………… Connecticut…………… Delaware……………… District of Columbia…… Florida…………………… Georgia………………… Hawaii…………………… Idaho…………………… Montana………………… Nebraska……………… Nevada ........................ New Hampshire ........... New Jersey .................. New Mexico ................. New York……………… North Carolina………… North Dakota…………… Ohio……………………… Oklahoma……………… Oregon………………… Pennsylvania…………… Change 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 10 7 44 8 68 85 – 46 7 21 22 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 7 18 2 ( ) 48 36 – 9 3 10 19 – 367 2,276 – 5,074 2 ( ) 2,554 10,933 – 9,912 579 1,158 2,900 4 14 2 ( ) 41 77 15 3 23 38 5 16 – -1 6 2 ( ) 22 31 12 2 ( ) 1 20 -1 2 – 1,829 1,598 – 2,583 7,515 840 2 ( ) 5,196 3,319 699 2,853 – 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 2 32 2 2 Table 27. State distribution:1 Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2001 Plant closures State 1997 .......................................... 1998 .......................................... 1999 .......................................... 2000 .......................................... 2001 .......................................... 1 Layoff events 757 806 855 978 1,553 Substantial layoffs Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance 168,062 161,296 200,992 250,836 401,755 111,913 113,011 123,422 131,413 269,430 See footnote 1, table 1. 33 Layoff events 735 885 748 676 1,333 Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance 176,214 227,788 184,676 261,159 412,651 168,115 208,074 145,571 158,283 321,180 Initial claimants in declining industries 251,338 587,720 901,434 914,737 1,169,688 Table 28. State distribution: Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2001 Plant closures State 1 Total ................................... Substantial layoffs Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance 1,553 401,755 269,430 36 5,434 – 1,870 1,428 51,381 1,668 1,770 2 ( ) – 9,281 7,616 689 1,510 19,749 5,739 4,312 837 3,470 2,270 1,581 1,194 3,080 6,107 3,199 2,492 3,694 Layoff events Alabama ................................... Alaska ....................................... Arizona ...................................... Arkansas ................................... California ................................... Colorado ................................... Connecticut ............................... Delaware ................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida ....................................... Georgia ..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho ......................................... 12 11 247 14 14 2 ( ) – 62 44 3 17 8,120 – 2,548 3,827 65,122 2,926 3,670 2 ( ) – 15,902 10,921 689 2,424 Illinois ........................................ Indiana ...................................... Iowa .......................................... Kansas ...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine ........................................ Maryland ................................... Massachusetts .......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................ Missouri .................................... 85 34 44 9 26 13 15 8 31 41 15 23 39 29,276 8,240 7,199 1,934 4,191 2,255 2,340 3,857 4,267 46,388 3,661 4,238 5,852 3 16 8 48 8 126 112 2 ( ) 52 10 21 23 ( ) 272 6,056 5,218 9,095 1,759 17,666 20,412 2 ( ) 12,493 2,333 3,714 13,923 ( ) 207 1,893 2,364 9,678 1,473 11,693 15,847 2 ( ) 8,381 2,117 3,714 18,907 1,237 1,657 2 ( ) 8,714 28,659 6,228 327 5,847 9,317 696 5,291 – 621 3,709 2 ( ) 5,212 22,664 4,225 228 4,997 5,813 638 4,019 – 8,489 4,565 Montana .................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................ New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York .................................. North Carolina ........................... North Dakota ............................ Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon ...................................... Pennsylvania ............................ Rhode Island ............................. South Carolina .......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah .......................................... Vermont .................................... Virginia ...................................... Washington ............................... West Virginia ............................ Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming ................................... Puerto Rico ............................... 1 2 – 2 2 ( ) 10 17 2 ( ) 45 83 18 3 24 46 8 23 – 23 Separations 1,333 412,651 321,180 1,169,688 24 16 2 ( ) 252 12 5 – 2 ( ) 48 14 9 12 6,793 – 5,676 2 ( ) 101,346 2,002 1,388 – 2 ( ) 14,290 5,955 1,325 1,802 5,689 – 4,141 2 ( ) 43,169 1,084 893 – 2 ( ) 14,881 2,088 1,482 668 12,576 3,064 9,231 11,634 282,692 – 19,860 9,199 402 3,669 4,647 2,970 76 141 26 11 20 19 8 9 6 46 46 20 17 18 41,061 10,339 2,395 7,721 5,245 1,231 2,018 1,611 16,639 16,508 8,677 3,569 4,597 29,459 12,165 2,301 10,497 4,595 817 1,303 743 8,854 18,995 6,585 2,379 3,266 10,488 5,575 18,401 10,284 77,389 2,955 10,012 24,802 19,526 13,356 30,398 3,553 43,831 7 1,842 2 ( ) 11,674 2,336 8,040 – 11,304 12,460 801 13,254 1,410 4,554 16,795 1,066 2 ( ) 12,124 1,934 7,549 – 7,895 9,372 763 13,761 1,720 4,374 25,218 4,982 6,642 2,082 2,259 553 24,357 3,676 2,729 166,841 24,655 34,205 43,478 1,160 481 – 2,663 37,386 1,650 – 4,479 8,097 370 7,095 – 514 588 – 2,026 37,628 908 – 2,430 5,238 263 6,930 – 15,257 38,718 – 37,727 90,815 158 2,335 16,944 12,289 4,201 2,709 1,486 6,073 2,561 16,817 Layoff events – 2 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 2 ( ) 19 10 24 – 75 49 4 65 5 6 99 5 5 – 16 78 12 – 14 19 4 31 – 26 NOTE: Dash represents zero. 34 Initial claimants in declining industries Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Table 29. Industry distribution: Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2001 Plant closures Industry 1 Layoff events Substantial layoffs Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Layoff events Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Total ............................................................... 1,553 401,755 269,430 1,333 412,651 321,180 Total private .......................................................... 1,552 401,680 269,291 1,322 367,762 318,183 15 11 31 778 69 215 49 97 42 9 66 2 ( ) 57 7 28 8 36 8 23 2,876 2,874 2 ( ) 2,767 175,449 12,164 72,144 11,266 19,940 10,927 3,278 9,189 2 ( ) 55,686 974 5,486 2,002 10,527 693 2,928 1,719 2,534 2 ( ) 2,025 146,005 7,138 47,224 8,026 15,100 7,334 1,189 5,903 2 ( ) 13,929 613 2,914 561 4,577 547 1,649 24 20 3 216 614 30 33 53 65 16 2 ( ) 54 2 ( ) 85 3 11 9 37 16 30 4,586 5,619 662 37,182 164,227 5,453 8,914 43,359 14,710 4,130 2 ( ) 12,302 2 ( ) 36,985 473 1,244 2,387 17,397 3,103 4,489 2,981 5,006 798 31,489 157,182 3,498 6,602 30,374 10,918 3,103 2 ( ) 10,405 2 ( ) 29,558 190 944 1,598 16,842 2,515 3,949 1 75 139 11 44,889 2,997 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ………… Mining ………………………………………………… Utilities ………………………………………………… Construction ………………………………………… Manufacturing ………………………………………… Wholesale trade ……………………………………… Retail trade …………………………………………… Transportation and warehousing …………………… Information …………………………………………… Finance and insurance ……………………………… Real estate and rental and leasing ………………… Professional and technical services ……………… Management of companies and enterprises ……… Administrative and waste services ………………… Educational services ………………………………… Health care and social assistance ………………… Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………… Accommodation and food services ………………… Other services, except public administration ……… Unclassified establishments ………………………… Government .......................................................... 1 2 2 ( ) See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. 35 Appendix A: Tables Displaying SIC-based Industry Data B eginning with data published for January 2002, the Mass Layoffs Statistics (MLS) program implemented the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry. Due to differences between the structures of NAICS and the previously used Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), data by industry are not comparable between the NAICS- and SIC- based systems. Extended MLS data from second-quarter 1995 through fourth-quarter 2001 are available on both NAICS and SIC bases. Starting with data for 2002, however, data are available only on a NAICS basis. In this report, MLS data for 2001 have been presented using the 2002 version of the NAICS industrial classification system. However, additional tables are included in this appendix that display 2001 industry data on an SIC basis. 36 A-1. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1999–2001 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Industry 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001 Total1 ..................................................................... 5,675 5,620 8,352 1,149,267 1,170,427 1,750,643 972,244 1,018,700 1,609,705 Total private .................................................................... 5,467 5,418 8,131 1,096,859 1,107,055 1,697,593 931,272 974,104 1,562,978 Agriculture .................................................................... Nonagriculture ............................................................... Manufacturing ........................................................... Durable goods ........................................................ Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Industrial machinery and equipment ................... Electronic and other electrical equipment ........... Transportation equipment ................................... Instruments and related products ....................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ............. 932 4,512 1,758 916 72 35 69 86 105 164 134 167 41 43 860 4,529 1,824 987 88 38 72 80 129 143 113 236 35 53 784 7,332 3,304 2,199 99 122 80 221 228 377 613 314 85 60 197,734 896,629 360,806 186,769 8,774 4,805 9,636 16,078 15,033 31,128 31,545 55,922 7,637 6,211 194,833 907,379 363,961 202,798 12,957 5,074 10,326 19,286 19,677 31,164 21,431 70,345 5,634 6,904 176,623 1,518,037 632,705 428,069 12,379 18,099 13,527 48,617 31,140 68,209 133,458 77,176 15,821 9,643 138,471 790,068 315,726 162,616 7,243 4,856 9,685 16,107 15,205 31,471 23,339 43,402 5,497 5,811 131,515 837,088 367,699 218,906 12,674 4,553 9,742 18,079 20,946 27,932 25,966 88,037 4,122 6,855 115,190 1,444,407 694,873 501,107 16,322 19,388 13,481 55,116 35,034 79,480 151,000 108,592 14,700 7,994 Nondurable goods .................................................. Food and kindred products .................................. Tobacco products ................................................ Textile mill products ............................................. Apparel and other textile products ....................... Paper and allied products .................................... Printing and publishing ......................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................. Petroleum and coal products ............................... Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ...... Leather and leather products ............................... 842 343 9 76 176 45 43 40 22 67 21 837 334 10 53 177 63 42 34 19 83 22 1,105 353 11 127 195 91 91 66 18 131 22 174,037 83,659 3,425 16,260 31,319 6,925 6,986 5,869 3,629 12,864 3,101 161,163 74,656 2,645 13,359 27,957 9,948 6,190 5,240 2,479 14,784 3,905 204,636 72,853 3,915 27,380 30,718 16,845 15,788 10,149 2,865 20,757 3,366 153,110 63,344 2,119 18,281 33,468 5,897 7,103 5,604 3,389 10,864 3,041 148,793 66,260 2,247 13,168 28,802 8,787 5,668 4,821 2,519 13,423 3,098 193,766 65,773 2,435 29,323 31,586 15,069 12,481 8,128 2,488 23,620 2,863 Nonmanufacturing ..................................................... Mining .................................................................... Construction ............................................................ Transportation and public utilities ........................... Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................. Retail trade .......................................................... Finance, insurance, and real estate ........................ Services .................................................................. 2,754 88 799 266 547 146 401 128 926 2,705 48 750 322 507 147 360 131 947 4,028 61 771 609 821 221 600 203 1,563 535,823 15,931 117,764 55,937 140,343 23,541 116,802 25,088 180,760 543,418 6,215 109,205 57,425 132,681 23,892 108,789 33,618 204,274 885,332 13,109 110,566 156,832 205,007 37,020 167,987 40,045 359,773 474,342 17,607 119,389 49,878 96,827 16,964 79,863 20,001 170,640 469,389 5,450 111,205 55,805 98,382 17,964 80,418 20,412 178,135 749,534 12,476 113,795 133,896 166,044 29,805 136,239 33,751 289,572 Not identified ................................................................ 23 29 15 2,496 4,843 2,933 2,733 5,501 3,381 Government .................................................................... Federal .................................................................... State ........................................................................ Local ....................................................................... 208 38 43 127 202 51 35 116 221 52 41 128 52,408 9,372 14,796 28,240 63,372 18,373 9,164 35,835 53,050 12,696 10,498 29,856 40,972 9,972 8,626 22,374 44,596 15,294 6,301 23,001 46,727 12,796 8,838 25,093 218 1,493 180 1,342 917 1,360 59,662 325,243 41,851 303,953 183,140 304,875 41,046 236,905 36,198 227,333 190,644 230,579 Selected industry groupings2 High-technology-intensive industries……………………… Food production, processing, and distribution…………… 1 2 Data on layoffs were reported by employers in all States and the District of Columbia. See appendix B for descriptions of these industry groupings. 37 Table A-2. Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance directly and indirectly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks, 2001 Industry Layoff events 1 Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Total ........................................................................... 417 118,826 113,807 Total private ...................................................................... 415 118,426 113,561 415 55 – 118,426 16,827 – 113,561 17,671 5 124 32 9 190 101,599 – 552 54,193 7,114 1,275 38,465 95,890 – 601 43,020 5,694 1,358 45,217 2 400 246 Agriculture .......................................................................... Nonagriculture ..................................................................... Manufacturing .................................................................. – Nonmanufacturing ........................................................... Mining ........................................................................... Construction .................................................................. Transportation and public utilities .................................. Wholesale and retail trade ............................................ Finance, insurance, and real estate .............................. Services ......................................................................... 360 – Government …………………………………………………… 1 See footnote 1, table A-1. 3 Layoffs directly related to September 11 encompass those that occurred in the affected local economies. Layoffs indirectly related to September 11 involve those outside of the directly-impacted areas. For indirectly-related layoffs, the primary reason for layoff is attributed to something other than non-natural disaster. NOTE: Dash represents zero. A-3. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by industry, 1996–2001 Average number of separations Industry 1996 1 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Total ......................................................................... 208 202 Total private ......................................................................... 206 199 207 201 204 209 Agriculture ........................................................................ Nonagriculture ................................................................... Manufacturing ................................................................ Durable goods ............................................................ Nondurable goods ...................................................... 257 200 183 191 176 172 203 190 187 191 226 205 231 275 181 212 199 205 204 207 227 200 200 205 193 225 207 191 195 185 Nonmanufacturing ......................................................... Mining ......................................................................... Construction ................................................................ Transportation and public utilities ................................ Wholesale and retail trade ........................................... Wholesale trade ...................................................... Retail trade .............................................................. Finance, insurance, and real estate ............................ Services ....................................................................... 211 132 143 204 262 148 290 234 238 211 167 153 230 242 129 271 190 244 185 151 145 231 198 152 212 210 193 195 181 147 210 257 161 291 196 195 201 129 146 178 262 163 302 257 216 220 215 143 258 250 168 280 197 230 Not identified ..................................................................... 156 256 131 109 167 196 Government ......................................................................... 235 252 266 252 314 240 1 See footnote 1, table A-1. 38 210 203 208 210 Table A-4. Claimant characteristics by race and ethnicity: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000–2001 1 Percent of total race/ethnicity Industry White Hispanic origin Black American Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific Islander 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 Total ............................................... 53.6 55.0 13.9 13.6 24.8 18.5 0.8 0.7 1.8 3.4 Total private ................................................ 54.1 55.5 13.0 13.0 25.5 18.7 .5 .6 1.9 3.5 Agriculture ............................................... Nonagriculture .......................................... Manufacturing ....................................... 4.4 61.8 63.1 5.2 59.5 61.6 2.4 14.7 12.9 2.2 13.9 12.6 85.9 16.1 16.2 85.7 13.4 12.3 .1 .6 .6 .1 .6 .6 1.1 2.0 2.7 .9 3.7 4.2 Nonmanufacturing ................................ Mining ................................................ Construction ....................................... Transportation and public utilities ....... Wholesale and retail trade ................. Wholesale trade ............................. Retail trade ..................................... Finance, insurance, and real estate ... Services .............................................. 60.9 85.4 77.9 64.1 57.9 48.0 60.2 51.9 51.1 57.6 86.3 79.3 58.8 55.7 51.9 56.5 46.9 49.7 16.0 3.8 6.3 17.8 16.8 9.9 18.4 22.3 20.7 15.0 3.6 5.8 17.6 15.7 9.9 17.0 20.1 16.9 16.1 4.7 12.3 9.9 17.7 34.0 14.0 13.1 20.2 14.5 4.4 9.3 9.4 17.1 22.7 15.9 10.4 18.3 .6 1.4 .6 .6 .8 .6 .8 .5 .5 .6 1.3 .8 .4 .7 .6 .7 .4 .6 1.5 .5 .5 1.2 1.7 3.6 1.2 3.2 1.9 3.2 .2 .7 3.0 2.6 4.5 2.1 3.6 4.7 Not identified ........................................... 66.8 47.3 18.5 24.8 5.6 8.3 1.0 .3 2.1 2.1 Government ................................................ 42.4 39.9 32.4 31.6 10.6 9.9 6.9 5.4 .9 1.2 2 1 Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some nonreporting. 2 See footnote 1, table A-1. Table A-5. Claimant characteristics by age and gender: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000–2001 Percent of total by age1 Industry Under than 30 years 30 to 44 years Percent of total by gender1 45 to 54 years 55 or older Men Women 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 Total .............................................. 20.6 20.2 41.1 40.7 23.4 24.0 13.2 13.2 57.5 56.9 42.0 42.3 Total private .............................................. 20.7 20.2 41.2 40.7 23.4 24.1 13.1 13.1 58.5 57.5 41.1 41.7 Agriculture .............................................. Nonagriculture ......................................... Manufacturing ..................................... 24.1 20.1 16.4 23.5 19.9 16.1 45.3 40.5 40.4 44.9 40.4 40.3 19.1 24.1 27.1 19.6 24.4 27.5 11.2 13.4 13.9 11.6 13.2 13.8 66.2 57.2 60.0 64.9 57.0 60.6 33.6 42.3 39.6 34.9 42.2 38.4 Nonmanufacturing .............................. Mining .............................................. Construction ...................................... Transportation and public utilities .... Wholesale and retail trade ................ Wholesale trade ............................ Retail trade .................................... Finance, insurance, and real estate .. Services ............................................ 23.0 16.1 20.3 15.8 26.3 18.4 28.1 26.7 25.0 23.5 12.1 19.4 20.2 25.6 18.9 27.0 25.3 25.6 40.6 39.7 44.1 38.7 37.5 43.5 36.2 41.3 40.7 40.5 33.1 43.4 42.1 37.1 43.6 35.6 42.7 40.7 21.6 29.4 23.2 24.1 20.5 24.2 19.7 20.0 20.4 21.6 39.8 24.4 22.5 21.1 23.3 20.6 19.0 19.9 13.0 14.4 11.2 18.5 14.3 12.7 14.6 10.5 12.1 12.7 14.6 11.5 13.6 14.7 12.9 15.1 10.4 11.8 55.1 92.1 92.8 50.4 38.8 56.6 34.8 31.2 43.5 53.6 94.4 92.7 47.4 40.5 54.9 37.3 40.7 48.3 44.4 7.0 6.5 49.1 60.9 43.2 64.8 68.6 55.8 45.8 5.5 6.3 52.2 59.0 44.7 62.2 58.9 50.9 Not identified .......................................... 23.0 25.0 44.2 43.6 22.6 20.5 9.9 9.9 59.8 49.3 40.1 44.7 Government .............................................. 18.9 20.7 39.4 38.8 23.4 22.7 15.0 14.5 37.4 36.1 62.0 63.4 2 1 Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some nonreporting. 2 See footnote 1, table A-1. 39 Table A-6. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events by industry, 2001 Final payments for 1 Continued claims without earnings Initial claims for unemployment insurance Industry 2 1 unemployment insurance Average number filed per initial claimant Number Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Number Total …………………………………………………… 1,609,705 3,415,531 2.1 241,356 15.0 Total private ...................................................................... 1,562,978 3,318,137 2.1 233,002 14.9 Agriculture ...................................................................... Nonagriculture ................................................................. Manufacturing .............................................................. 115,190 1,444,407 694,873 288,858 3,020,133 1,455,620 2.5 2.1 2.1 24,086 208,154 109,645 20.9 14.4 15.8 749,534 12,476 113,795 133,896 166,044 29,805 136,239 33,751 289,572 1,564,513 25,119 200,435 311,022 355,333 79,444 275,889 95,867 576,737 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.7 2.0 2.8 2.0 98,509 1,291 8,996 13,366 26,519 6,043 20,476 6,775 41,562 13.1 10.3 7.9 10.0 16.0 20.3 15.0 20.1 14.4 Not identified .................................................................. 3,381 9,146 2.7 762 22.5 Government ...................................................................... 46,727 97,394 2.1 8,354 17.9 Nonmanufacturing ....................................................... Mining ....................................................................... Construction .............................................................. Transportation and public utilities ............................. Wholesale and retail trade ........................................ Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ............................................................ Finance, insurance, and real estate…………………… Services .................................................................... 1 The MLS program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional information. 2 See footnote 1, table A-1. Table A-7. Distribution of extended mass layoff events with expected recall, 1996–2001 Percent of layoff events Industry 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Total …………………………………….……… 60.5 65.8 60.2 59.9 60.7 44.6 Total private ............................................................. 60.7 65.4 60.0 59.6 60.6 44.0 Agriculture ............................................................ Nonagriculture ....................................................... Manufacturing .................................................... 92.8 56.3 55.5 95.5 60.5 58.2 93.2 55.0 55.8 92.6 52.9 47.3 91.6 54.9 48.5 93.1 38.7 33.4 Nonmanufacturing ............................................. Mining ............................................................. Construction .................................................... Transportation and public utilities ................... Wholesale and retail trade ............................... Wholesale trade .......................................... Retail trade .................................................. Finance, insurance, and real estate…………… Services ........................................................... 56.9 38.8 70.0 57.2 41.3 45.1 40.3 12.9 64.1 62.0 57.4 73.2 68.3 45.4 52.1 43.7 16.1 65.7 54.4 42.7 69.0 62.6 45.7 51.6 43.9 9.0 52.4 56.5 34.1 72.7 65.4 44.4 43.8 44.6 11.7 55.5 59.2 62.5 81.3 62.4 40.8 38.8 41.7 12.2 56.7 43.1 62.3 72.6 37.6 29.7 23.1 32.2 6.9 41.7 Not identified ......................................................... 57.1 70.0 14.3 34.8 31.0 46.7 Government ............................................................. 57.1 73.0 64.1 68.3 63.9 65.6 1 1 See footnote 1, table A-1. 40 Table A-8. Number of extended mass layoff events and separations from which the employer does not expect a recall, 2001 Industry Layoff events 1 Separations Total ……………………………………………… 3,453 789,407 Total private ............................................................... 3,415 782,972 Agriculture ............................................................... Nonagriculture .......................................................... Manufacturing ....................................................... 28 3,383 1,723 6,122 775,424 365,971 1,660 17 105 289 486 146 340 175 588 409,453 3,618 14,694 72,379 126,053 26,009 100,044 34,752 157,957 Not identified ........................................................... 4 1,426 Government ............................................................... 38 6,435 Nonmanufacturing ................................................ Mining ................................................................ Construction ....................................................... Transportation and public utilities ...................... Wholesale and retail trade ................................. Wholesale trade ............................................. Retail trade ..................................................... Finance, insurance, and real estate……………… Services ............................................................. 1 See footnote 1, table A-1. Table A-9. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by major industry division, 1997–2001 Layoff events Separations Industry 1997 1998 1999 2000 Total ................................................ 615 683 684 778 Total private ............................................... 606 675 681 Agriculture ............................................... Nonagriculture .......................................... Manufacturing ...................................... 10 595 315 12 661 343 Nonmanufacturing ................................ Mining ................................................ Construction ....................................... Transportation and public utilities ...... Wholesale and retail trade ................. Wholesale trade ............................. Retail trade ..................................... Finance, insurance, and real estate ... Services ............................................. 280 13 11 29 141 22 119 24 62 Not identified ........................................... Government ............................................... 1 1 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1,253 157,957 154,273 185,298 188,660 379,790 771 1,252 155,148 153,150 184,165 186,791 379,715 10 668 359 15 753 403 11 1,238 657 2,817 151,231 66,677 1,569 151,246 74,972 2,059 181,803 80,185 3,206 183,130 85,644 2,081 376,302 167,734 318 9 14 22 137 34 103 41 95 309 19 13 38 149 31 118 19 71 350 4 6 42 158 43 115 27 113 581 9 18 76 265 59 206 44 169 84,554 2,877 1,664 6,299 48,510 3,361 45,149 5,682 19,522 76,274 1,535 3,389 7,034 35,277 7,081 28,196 9,345 19,694 101,618 5,549 3,396 7,865 59,486 5,122 54,364 4,192 21,130 97,486 488 810 8,584 53,028 9,172 43,856 6,260 28,316 208,568 2,812 1,978 18,184 87,488 14,096 73,392 13,305 84,801 1 2 3 3 3 1,100 335 303 455 1,332 9 8 3 7 1 2,809 1,123 1,133 1,869 75 See footnote 1, table A-1. 41 2001 Table A-10. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, top 50 industries in 2001 Permanent closures Industry SIC 2000 Layoff events Separations 2 2001 Rank 1 Layoff events Separations Rank 1 Total ................................................... … 778 188,660 … 1,253 379,790 … Total, top 50 industries .................................. … 736 182,164 … 1,215 374,435 … Business services ……………………………… Electronic and other electric equipment ……… General merchandise stores ………………… Textile mill products …………………………… Primary metal industries ……………………… Apparel and other textile products …………… Building materials and garden supplies ……… Industrial machinery and equipment ………… Food and kindred products …………………… Miscellaneous retail …………………………… Wholesale trade--nondurable goods ………… Paper and allied products ……………………… Food stores ……………………………………… Furniture and fixtures ………………………… Hotels and other lodging places ……………… Communications ……………………………… Furniture and homefurnishings stores ……… 73 36 53 22 33 23 52 35 20 59 51 26 54 25 70 48 57 40 27 26 31 12 68 7 30 43 16 25 22 19 14 4 6 22 7,497 6,091 17,989 9,449 4,040 10,278 3,039 9,263 9,325 3,910 6,140 4,489 5,776 2,556 1,970 1,654 9,739 9 11 1 5 16 3 21 7 6 17 10 13 12 23 29 31 4 90 93 58 72 39 82 24 56 41 34 36 34 30 36 14 30 30 61,523 36,902 27,439 18,271 15,948 14,752 13,018 12,932 10,198 9,760 9,224 8,866 7,902 7,844 7,205 7,125 7,082 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Transportation equipment …………………… Printing and publishing ………………………… Fabricated metal products …………………… Engineering and management services ……… Wholesale trade--durable goods ……………… Health services ………………………………… Nondepository institutions …………………… Apparel and accessory stores ………………… Transportation by air …………………………… Chemicals and allied products ………………… Lumber and wood products …………………… Trucking and warehousing …………………… Miscellaneous manufacturing industries …… Insurance carriers ……………………………… Eating and drinking places …………………… Real estate ……………………………………… 30 37 27 34 87 50 80 61 56 45 28 24 42 39 63 58 65 19 28 11 24 5 18 43 11 14 5 4 23 19 9 11 5 3,077 8,884 1,633 3,870 621 3,032 14,760 2,453 2,264 911 345 4,386 4,101 1,240 3,660 658 3 ( ) 20 8 32 18 44 22 2 24 26 38 51 14 15 33 19 42 60 25 29 22 38 18 23 19 11 10 7 19 27 14 15 13 15 3 6,988 6,988 6,396 6,239 5,575 4,872 4,608 4,340 4,172 3,979 3,704 3,504 3,048 3,037 3,008 2,829 2,377 18 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Leather and leather products ………………… Amusement and recreation services ………… Metal mining …………………………………… Motion pictures ………………………………… Security and commodity brokers ……………… Transportation services ……………………… Depository institutions ………………………… Special trade contractors ……………………… Nonclassifiable establishments ……………… Stone, clay, and glass products ……………… Agricultural production crops ………………… Local and interurban passenger transit ……… Automotive dealers and service stations …… Instruments and related products …………… Coal mining ……………………………………… Water transportation …………………………… 31 79 10 78 62 47 60 17 99 32 01 41 55 38 12 44 13 4 2,422 575 3 ( ) 1,047 – 3 ( ) – 629 1,201 1,756 1,035 713 481 2,226 412 3 ( ) 25 45 57 36 61 50 61 43 34 30 37 40 47 27 48 58 11 7 5 5 6 14 8 11 3 7 6 6 5 7 4 3 2,132 1,978 1,807 1,686 1,646 1,561 1,394 1,382 1,332 1,244 1,214 1,197 1,190 1,111 1,005 901 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 – 3 ( ) – 4 4 8 5 5 6 14 3 3 ( ) Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2001. See footnote 1, table A-1. 3 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 42 Table A-11. Industry distribution: Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2001 Plant closures Industry 1 Layoff events Substantial layoffs Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Layoff events Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Total ............................................................... 1,553 401,755 269,430 1,331 374,001 320,831 Total private .......................................................... 1,552 401,680 269,291 1,322 367,762 318,183 Agriculture .......................................................... Nonagriculture ..................................................... Manufacturing ................................................. 14 1,532 794 2,616 397,605 178,439 1,529 266,905 147,232 24 1,293 618 4,586 362,169 164,217 2,981 314,022 156,958 Nonmanufacturing .......................................... Mining .......................................................... Construction .................................................. Transportation and public utilities ................ Wholesale and retail trade ............................ Wholesale trade ........................................ Retail trade ................................................ Finance, insurance, and real estate………… Services ........................................................ 738 11 31 101 321 80 241 49 225 219,166 2,874 2,710 19,849 91,361 14,986 76,375 13,650 88,722 119,673 2,534 1,987 14,997 58,274 8,544 49,730 8,174 33,707 675 21 221 100 83 38 45 18 232 197,952 5,799 37,260 55,096 18,630 7,356 11,274 4,409 76,758 157,064 5,077 31,498 39,986 13,104 5,127 7,977 3,229 64,170 Not identified ...................................................... 6 1,459 857 5 1,007 1,180 Government .......................................................... 1 75 139 9 6,239 2,648 1 See footnote 1, table A-1. 43 Appendix B: Technical Note T he Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a Federal-State program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each States unemployment insurance (UI) database. Establishments that have at least 50 initial claims for unemployment insurance filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period are contacted by the State agency in charge of the UI program to determine whether these separations are of at least 31 days duration, and, if so, information is obtained on the total number of persons separated and the reasons for these separations. Establishments are identified according to industry classification and location, and unemployment insurance claimants are identified by such demographic factors as age, race, gender, ethnic group, and place of residence. The MLS program yields information on an individuals entire spell of unemployment, to the point at which regular unemployment insurance benefits are exhausted. The MLS program resumed in April 1995; it had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. However, because of changes in concepts and definitions, data from the resumed program are not comparable with earlier data. Continued claim. A claim filed after the initial claim, by mail, telephone, or in person, for waiting-period credit or payment for a certified week of unemployment. The MLS program collects continued claims for 1 week each month. That is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th day of the month, and is referred to as the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week. Because continued claims are not tracked for all weeks, an exact measure of insured jobless duration is not available. Establishment. A unit at a single physical location at which predominantly one type of economic activity is conducted. Extended layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment during a 5-week period, with at least 50 workers separated for more than 30 days. Final payment recipients. Persons who have exhausted all of their unemployment insurance benefits and are no longer eligible for any further benefits. Food production, processing, and distribution (NAICS). Industries that are involved in the production and distribution of food. These NAICS-based industries include oilseed and grain farming; vegetable and melon farming; fruit and tree nut farming; food crops grown under cover; sugarcane farming; hay farming; all other crop farming; cattle ranching and farming; hog and pig farming; poultry and egg production; sheep and goat farming; animal aquaculture; apiculture; all other animal production; fishing, hunting, and trapping; soil preparation, planting, and cultivating; crop harvesting, primarily by machine; other postharvest crop activities; farm labor contractors and crew leaders; farm management services; support activities for animal production; food manufacturing; beverage manufacturing; grocery and related product wholesalers; farm product raw material merchant wholesalers.; alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers; farm supplies merchant wholesalers; food and beverage stores; food (health) supplement stores; refrigerated warehousing and storage; farm product warehousing and storage; veterinary services; and food services and drinking places. Definitions Clothing manufacturing and distribution. Industries involved in the production and distribution of clothing. These NAICS-based industries include cotton farming; cotton ginning; textile mills; apparel manufacturing; footwear manufacturing; apparel and piece goods merchant wholesalers; clothing stores; shoe stores; department stores; and formal wear and costume rental. Computer manufacturing and distribution, including semiconductors. Industries involved in the production and distribution of computers, including semiconductor manufacturing. These NAICS-based industries include semiconductor machinery manufacturing; computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; communications equipment manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; semiconductor and electronic component manufacturing; software reproducing; computer and software merchant wholesalers; computer and software stores; software publishers; computer systems design and related services; computer training; and computer and office machine repair. Food production, processing, and distribution (SIC). Industries that are involved in the production and distribution 44 sequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of eligibility. of food. These SIC-based industries include agricultural productioncrops; agricultural productionlivestock; soil preparation services; crop services; veterinary services; animal services, except veterinary services; farm labor and management services; fishing, hunting, and trapping; food and kindred products; agricultural chemicals; groceries and related products; farm-product raw materials; beer, wine, and distilled beverages; food stores; and eating and drinking places. Layoff. The separation of persons from an employer as part of a mass layoff event. (See below.) Such layoffs involve both persons who are subject to recall and those who are terminated. Mass layoff. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment beginning in a given month, regardless of duration. High-technology-intensive industries (SIC). Industries that have been identified as having at least 15 research and development workers per thousand workers and 190 technology-oriented workers per thousand workers. SIC-based industries meeting these criteria include industrial inorganic chemicals; industrial organic chemicals; drugs; computer and office equipment; communications equipment; electronic components and accessories; aircraft and parts; guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts; search and navigation equipment; measuring and controlling devices; computer and data processing services; and research and testing services. Worksite closure. The full closure of either multiunit or singleunit establishments or the partial closure of a multiunit establishment at which entire worksites affected by layoffs are closed or planned to be closed. Material in this report is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be used may used without permission. The information in this report is available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 6917828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339. E-mail address: mlsinfo@bls.gov. Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a sub- 45
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