Full text of Employment and Earnings : September 1990
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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS U.S. Departmentof Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics September 1990 In this issue: Establishment data adjusted to new benchmarks and the 1987 SIC U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Elizabeth Dole, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief description of the cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back cover. Calendar of Features In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly in Employment and Earnings, special features appear in most of the issues as shown below. Household data Annual averages Jan. Union affiliation Jan. Earnings by detailed occupation Jan. Revised seasonally adjusted series Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Subscription price per year $25 domestic and $31.25 foreign. Single copy $8.50 domestic and $10.63 foreign. Annual supplement $14 domestic and $17.50 foreign. Prices are subject to change by the U.S. Government Printing Office. Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the Superintendent of Documents. Phone (202) 275-3054. Communications on material in this publication should be addressed to: Editors. Employment and Earnings, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212, or phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans. family relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty area data Jan., Apr.. July, Oct. Establishment data National annual averages: Industry divisions (preliminary) Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at additional mailing addresses. ISSN 0013-6840 Jan. Industry detail (final) Mar. Women employees (final) Mar. National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new seasonal adjustment factors Material in this publication is in the public domain ynd, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. Jan., Feb. June 1 Revised hi>forical national data (2) State and area annual averages May Area definitions May State and area labor force data Annual averages 1 The September 1990 issue will introduce March 1989 benchmarks 2 A historical bulletin is forthcoming Mav Employment and Earnings Vol. 37 No. 9 September 1990 Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein Editors' Note Beginning with this issue, national estimates of employment, hours, and earnings from the monthly survey of business establishments have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) and updated seasonal adjustment factors, which incorporate the experience through May 1990. In addition, industry detail is classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, and all constant-dollar and other 1977-based series have been rebased to 1982= 100. The article, beginning on page 6, discusses the effects of the revisions, and provides new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate establishment-based estimates for August 1990-April 1991. Revised current data appear in tables B-l through B-7 and C-l through C-7. Revised historical data (unadjusted and seasonally adjusted) from the earliest dates of availability will be published in a forthcoming bulletin, Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1909-90. Contents Page List of statistical tables Employment and unemployment developments, August 1990 BLS establishment estimates revised to March 1989 benchmarks and 1987 SIC codes 2 4 6 Statistical tables: HistoricalHousehold data Establishment data: Employment Hours and earnings Not seasonally adjusted— Household data Establishment data: Employment: National State and area Hours and earnings: National State and area State and area labor force data 35 73 109 38 74 91 112 136 144 Seasonally adjustedHousehold data Establishment data: Employment Hours and earnings Productivity data Explanatory notes 65 86 133 141 149 MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA Page Employment Status AAAAAAA- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. A- 8. A- 9. A-10. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1979 to date Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race Employment status of persons in families by family relationship 35 36 37 38 41 42 43 45 46 47 Characteristics of the Unemployed A-l 1. A-12. A-13. A-14. A-15. A-16. A-17. A-18. A-19. A-20. Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex persons by occupation and sex persons by industry and sex persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment persons by duration of unemployment persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used 48 49 50 51 52 52 53 54 55 55 Characteristics of the Employed A-21. A-22. A-23. A-24. A-25. A-26. A-21. A-28. A-29. A-30. A-31. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker Employed civilians by industry and occupation Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status 56 57 58 59 60 60 61 61 62 63 64 Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data A-32. A-33. A-34. A-35. A-36. A-37. A-38. A-39. A-40. A-41. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted 65 66 67 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA Page Employment-National BBBB- 1. 2. 3. 4. B- 5. B- 6. B- 7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1938 to date Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted 73 74 85 86 87 88 89 Employment-States and Areas B- 8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry 91 Hours and Earnings-National C- 1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date C- 2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry C- 2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing C- 3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls C- 4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars C- 5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted C- 6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted C- 7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted 109 112 130 131 132 133 134 135 Hours and Earnings-States and Areas C- 8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas 136 PRODUCTIVITY DATA C- 9. C-10. C-ll. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates 141 142 143 MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA D- 1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas 144 Employment and Unemployment Developments, August 1990 Employment continued to be weak in August and unemployment rose slightly. The civilian worker unemployment rate edged up to 5.6 percent in August, after a more substantial increase in July. Nonfarm payroll employment, as measured by the survey of business establishments, was little changed at 110.7 million in August, the second consecutive month it has failed to show any growth. Total civilian employment, as measured by the survey of households, fell for the second month in a row, to 117.7 million in August. Unemployment Both the number of unemployed persons and the civilian worker unemployment rate edged up in August, after seasonal adjustment, with the number of unemployed reaching 7.0 million and the rate 5.6 percent. Prior to July, the jobless rate had fluctuated around the 5.3-percent mark for nearly 2 years. (See table A-33.) Over-the-month movements in the jobless rates for most individual worker groups were very small but generally upward. August rates were 5.0 percent for adult men, 4.9 percent for adult women, 16.7 percent for teenagers, 4.8 percent for whites, 11.8 percent for blacks, and 7.8 percent for Hispanics. (See tables A-33 and A-34.) The number of unemployed persons who lost their last jobs rose by 280,000 in August, while there was little change in the number who voluntarily left their last jobs or in the number who were entering the labor force. The number of newly unemployed persons, those jobless for less than 5 weeks, rose by 200,000 to 3.3 million. (See tables A-40 and A-41.) Civilian employment and the labor force Total civilian employment fell by 300,000, seasonally adjusted, to a level of 117.7 million. Most of this decline occurred among teenagers. Total employment has declined by 730,000 in the last 2 months. As a result, the proportion of the working-age population that is employed (the employment-population ratio) declined to 62.5 percent in August, down by half a percentage point over the past 2 months. (See table A-33.) The number of persons in the civilian labor force, 124.7 million, and the labor force participation rate, 66.2 percent, were little changed over the month, after seasonal ad- justment. Over the past year, the labor force has increased by only 570,000, as growth in the working-age population has slowed and the percentage participating in the labor force has diminished. Virtually all of the reduced labor force participation has occurred among teenagers, whose participation rate was down by about 5-1/2 percentage points from a year earlier. (See table A-33.) Industry payroll employment Payroll employment continued to be weak in August, as job declines occurred throughout the goods-producing sector. These losses were only partly offset by small gains in the service-producing sector. Largely because of a further decline in the number of temporary census workers, total payroll employment edged down by 75,000 over the month, following a decrease of 90,000 (as revised) in July. Employment growth in the private sector, which had been slowing since early 1989, has essentially halted during the last 2 months. (See table B-4.) Goods-producing employment fell by 90,000 in August. The number of manufacturing jobs declined by 45,000, with virtually all of the losses occurring in durable goods industries, particularly in electronic equipment and transportation equipment. Since reaching a post-recession peak in January 1989, the number of factory jobs has declined by 455,000. The industries with the largest losses include electronic equipment (-100,000), motor vehicles (-80,000), apparel (-55,000), fabricated metals (-50,000), and instruments (-40,000). Construction employment continued its recent downtrend with a 40,000 reduction in August and has lost nearly 100,000 jobs in the last 3 months. Employment in mining, which had grown by 60,000 since last July, decreased by 7,000 in August. In the service-producing sector, the number of services industry jobs rose by 70,000 in August. Much of the gain came from health services, which has accounted for more than a quarter of the total job growth over the past year. In contrast, business services showed no change in August, following a small decline in July; this industry, which had seen rapid job gains during much of the expansion, has had much slower growth since early 1989. State and local governments continued their employment expansion in August, adding 60,000 jobs. Overall government employment fell by 65,000 jobs, however, because of further reductions in the number of decennial census workers (which was down by an estimated 120,000 over the month). Retail trade showed little change over the month and has been unusually sluggish for most of this year. The wholesale trade, transportation and public utilities, and finance, insurance, and real estate industries all experienced small job gains in August after incurring small losses in the prior month. Weekly hours The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in August at 34.5 hours, seasonally adjusted. In manufacturing, the workweek and overtime each edged up by 0.1 hour to 41.0 and 3.9 hours, respectively. (See table C-5.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory workers—which combines the effects of employment and hours—inched downward in August to 124.6 (1982=100), after seasonal adjustment. The index for manufacturing also edged down, to 107.2. Both indexes have shown little change thus far during 1990. (See table C-6.) Hourly and weekly earnings After seasonal adjustment, average hourly and weekly earnings each edged up 0.2 percent. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings declined 1 cent to $9.99, while average weekly earnings fell $1.35 to $347.65. Over the year, average hourly earnings rose 4.0 percent and average weekly earnings were up 3.7 percent. (See tables C-l and C-7.) Note on temporary census workers The number of temporary workers associated with the 1990 census has an impact on the employment levels for the Federal Government, as well as for higher aggregates. The estimate of these workers was 22,000 in January, 27,000 in February, 117,000 in March, 178,000 in April, 378,000 in May, 367,000 in June, and 194,000 in July. For August, the estimated number (preliminary) was 74,000, which may be subject to significant revision. Scheduled Release Dates Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the following dates: Reference month Release date Reference month Release date September October 5 December January 4 October November 2 January February 1 November December 7 February March 8 Establishment Estimates Revised to March 1989 Benchmarks and 1987 SIC Codes •Patricia M. Getz With the release of data for August 1990, the Bureau of Labor Statistics introduced its annual revision of national estimates of employment, hours, and earnings from the monthly sample survey of nonfarm establishments. Each year, the sample estimates are adjusted to new benchmarks, which are comprehensive universe counts of employment based primarily on unemployment insurance reports filed by all employers with State employment security agencies. This year's benchmark revision marks the fourth time during the 1980's that there has been essentially no net revision at the total nonfarm level. Also effective with this release, all industry series have been converted to 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes.1 This new structure replaces the 1972 SIC coding structure previously in effect for the industry estimates. The SIC restructuring affected approximately onethird of all published industry series. The impact of Sic restructuring at the total nonfarm and major industry division levels was negligible; however, there were significant effects for some of the detailed industries. All data from April 1988 forward have been revised to incorporate both the March 1989 benchmarks and the effects of the SIC revision. Historical (pre-1988) data for industry series affected by SIC redefinitions have been reconstructed where possible. Historical data for the industry series unaffected by the SIC revision remain as previously published. As is the usual practice with the introduction of new benchmarks, the Bureau has also revised all seasonally adjusted series for the previous 5-year period and has introduced new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to adjust data in the months ahead. In addition, all published constant-dollar and indexed series have been recomputed on a 1982 base, replacing the previously published 1977-baseddata. This type of rebasing generally accompanies a major SIC redefinition. * Patricia M. Getz is a supervisory economist in the Division of Monthly Industry Employment Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics. 1 As defined in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, issued by the Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget. Conversion to the 1987 sic coding structure The SIC coding system is periodically updated to reflect structural and technological changes in the economy. Growing, emerging industries may be recognized with independent SIC codes for the first time, while SIC codes for declining industries may be eliminated by collapsing them with other like industries into a single Sic code. The 1987 SIC revision marks the first full SIC restructuring since 1972; there were minor updates to the SIC system in 1977. Scope of the SIC restructuring. Approximately two-thirds of the published industry series were unaffected by the SIC revision. There were almost no changes in scope at the major industry division levels, with only very minor shifts between wholesale and retail trade and between the finance, insurance, and real estate division and services. However, there were several significant redefinitions at the 2-digit level. The most notable were in two divisions, manufacturing and services. In manufacturing, a substantial realignment took place between electronic and other electrical equipment (SIC 36) and instruments and related products (Sic 38). Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products (SIC 30) and stone, clay, and glass products (SIC 32) were also noticeably affected, but to a much lesser degree. In services, a new 2-digit code (sic 87) was established for "engineering and management services." Most of these activities had previously been classified in business services (SIC 73) or miscellaneous services (sic 89). At the 3- and 4-digit SIC levels, changes in scope were both more prevalent and more substantial. Table 1 lists all 1987 sic-based published series which are not equivalent to a 1972 sic-based series and relates them to the 1972-based series from which they were derived. Ratios indicate the percentage of employment in each old series that was allocated to the new series. Table 1 also lists the beginning year that all-employee data are available for each of these series. Table 2 lists the 44 previously published 1972-based industry series which were deleted in the conversion to the 1987 SIC structure. It indicates which 1987-based series these were converted to and the percentage of employment from the old series which went to each new series.2 It should be noted that, in addition to industry stratification changes required by the SIC redefinitions, some changes were made to improve estimating efficiencies. At the detailed industry level, the largest effects of the SIC revision were in business services (-928,000), instruments and related products (-1-301,000), and electronic and other electrical equipment (-292,000). Reconstruction of estimates. All restructured industries were reestimated using the 1987 Sic-coded sample data from January 1988 forward. Some aggregate level industries, without scope changes, have also been affected by the retabulations because they are formed from the summation of restratified, reestimated component industries. Historical estimates prior to 1988 could not be retabulated from sample data, because sample records carry only 1972 SIC codes. For industries with relatively minor scope changes, historical data were reconstructed back to the inception of the series, wherever possible. The reconstruction of historical series was done by adjusting the existing 1972-based employment series for the percentage of employment lost or the percentage of employment gained from other industries, using ratios derived from first quarter 1988 universe employment data. The first quarter 1988 data represent the only dual Sic-coded data available for developing these adjustment ratios. Hours and earnings data for restructured series were derived by computing a weighted average of the component series they were derived from. The weights are the percentages of employment each old series contributed to the new series. Effects due to 1989 benchmarks. The benchmark effect shown in table 3 represents a comparison of March 1989 estimates retabulated under the 1987 SIC structure and the March 1989 benchmark levels. Estimates previously published were based on the 1972 SIC coding structure; however, March 1989 benchmark levels were available only on a 1987 SIC basis. Therefore it was necessary to retabulate estimates on the 1987 SIC structure prior to benchmarking. For total nonfarm employment, the benchmark level stands at 107,026,000. This represents a benchmark adjustment of -47,000 or less than 0.05 percent. This is considerably smaller than last year's benchmark error of -326,000 and marks the fourth time during the 1980's that the benchmark error has been virtually zero. (See table 4.) As in previous years when the aggregate benchmark revision was very small, there were large, but offsetting errors among major divisions. Benchmark revisions were uniformly downward among the goods-producing divisions (mining, construction, and manufacturing), continuing the pattern of overestimation of these industries over the last several years. Within manufacturing, this tendency toward overestimation was widely diffused, with 15 of the 20 2-digit industries revised downward. Altogether, goods-producing industries were revised downward by 286,000. Offsets to overestimation in the goods-producing sector occurred in the service-producing industries, which were revised upward by a total of 239,000. The two largest revisions occurred in trade and services, 142,000 and 223,000, respectively. Transportation and public utilities, and finance, insurance, and real estate had downward revisions of unusually large magnitudes compared with earlier years. Revised estimates were computed each month from March 1989 forward (the postbenchmark period), based on the new benchmark levels. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the monthly revision increased from -77,000 in March 1989 to -153,000 by May 1990, with larger differences in some of the intervening months. These revisions reflect restratiflcation effects from the SIC revision and a recomputation of both the bias adjustment and the seasonal adjustment factors. Table 5 shows the extent of the revisions for 1989 and 1990, in both level and change, through a comparison of seasonally adjusted monthly data as previously published and as revised. Monthly estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are published in considerable industry detail. Table 6 indicates the size of revisions for the 265 published 3-digit industries. Within this group, more than one-fourth had revisions under 1 percent, and two-thirds had revisions under 3 percent. As has generally been the case, the small- Effect of the sic restructuring and the current benchmark adjustment The net impact of the SIC restructuring and the adjustment to March 1989 benchmark levels on total nonfarm employment was an upward revision of only 9,000 from the previously published level. Table 3 presents, for March 1989, previously published estimates based on the 1972 SIC codes, retabulated estimates based on the 1987 SIC, and the newly published benchmark levels. It displays separately the revision effects due to sic restructuring and those due to benchmarking, and shows the net effect, which is the sum of the two. Effects due to SIC restructuring. As table 3 indicates, the SIC revision had a large impact on only a few major industries. For total nonfarm employment, the SIC revision effect, due entirely to restratiflcation and not to any scope change, was 56,000 or less than 0.05 percent. At the major division levels, the impact varied from 1,000 in mining to 65,000 in services. Almost all of the effect at the major division levels was also from the restratiflcation of industries within these aggregates, not from SIC scope changes. 2 All ratios are based on first quarter 1988 universe employment data. For additional information, see Employment Data Under the New Standard Industrial Classification, First Quarter 1988, Report 772, October 1989. est industries in employment size tended to have the largest percentage revisions. (See table 6.) Effect of revisions on other series As with the all-employee data, estimates were recomputed from sample data for women workers and production workers and for hours and earnings in industries affected by the SIC revision, from January 1988 forward. Table 7 shows the results of these recomputations for hours and earnings data for March 1989. As with the allemployee data, there are few significant changes at the published aggregate levels. Among average weekly hours estimates, only transportation and public utilities showed a significant effect from recomputation, a downward revision of 0.6 percent. Among average hourly earnings series, both electronic and other electrical equipment and instruments and related products showed large, partially offsetting changes, due to SIC redefinitions. Other differences were much less significant. At the total private level, hours and earnings were unchanged. In addition to the SIC revision effect, small revisions, due to the routine benchmarking process, can occur in the series on women workers and production and nonsupervisory workers. Although there are no benchmark employment levels for these series, they are revised by computing ratios of employment for the particular series to all employees prior to revision and then applying the ratios to the revised all-employee figures. Revisions at the basic cell level are added to produce the summary level revisions. Average weekly hours and average hourly earnings are estimated directly from reported figures at the estimating cell level and are not benchmarked. However, the broader industry groups of the hours and earnings series require a weighting mechanism to yield meaningful averages. The production or nonsupervisory worker employment estimates for the basic cells are used as weights for the hours and earnings estimates for broader industry groupings. Adjustments of the all-employee estimates to new benchmarks may alter the weights, which, in turn, may change the estimates for hours and earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers at higher levels of aggregation. Generally, new employment benchmarks have little impact on hours and earnings estimates for major groupings. To influence the hours and earnings estimates of a broader group, employment revisions have to be relatively large and must affect industries which have substantially different hours or earnings averages than the other industries in their group. Occasionally, corrections of errors in the reported payroll data for individual establishments may also change the averages of selected industries. Benchmark adjustment procedure The annual benchmark adjustment procedure serves both as a measure of the quality of the sample estimates and as a base for producing more accurate future monthly measures of current industry employment levels from the sample. The benchmark levels are derived primarily from summations of the employment figures on the mandatory unemployment insurance (Ul) contribution reports filed with the State employment security agencies by all employers covered by the Ul laws. The figures compiled from these reports are adjusted where necessary to reflect minor discrepancies in industry coding between the establishments in the survey and the corresponding establishments in the population. The final benchmark levels are determined by adding to the adjusted Ul-based figures estimates of employment in those industries that are not fully covered by Ul laws. For the private sector, these are primarily in transportation and services. Normally, new benchmarks are determined for March of each year for the most detailed industrial classification levels and size groups at which estimates are made, amounting to 1,700 estimating cells. The time required to complete the benchmark process-from the full collection of the Ul population data to publication of the revised industry estimates-is usually about 15 months. Revised employment estimates for the period between the prior and the current benchmark are derived by spreading the March 1989 difference over the prior 11 months, adding 11/12's of the difference to the February 1989 estimates, 10/12's to the January 1989 estimates, and so forth. Revised estimates for the postbenchmark period are derived by extrapolating the new benchmark levels using the existing monthly sample links and revised bias adjustment factors. (See the next section.) Why estimates differ from benchmarks Differences between population benchmarks and sample-based estimates result from both sampling and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs any time a sample is used to make inferences about a population. As with any sample-based estimates, a certain amount of error is to be expected in the estimation of employment, hours, and earnings from the establishment survey. A complete monthly count of all establishments would provide the most accurate levels of employment by detailed industry. However, given the more than 5 million employers in the population, the collection of such monthly figures would be prohibitively expensive and too time consuming to compile. The current sample of over 340,000 establishments provides preliminary estimates within a month following the reference period. Additionally, sources of nonsampling error can be more easily controlled in a sample. Both the benchmark levels and the sample-based estimates are subject to several sources of nonsampling error. Major sources of these nonsampling errors are: (1) an inability to measure employment in new firms from the time of their inception, due to the time lag between the creation of new firms and their inclusion in the sample; (2) proce- dures for handling changes in industrial classification; (3) the quality of the various source data used to derive the benchmark; (4) an inability to cover completely all firms in the target population; and (5) other errors in coverage, response, processing, and collection. Bias adjustment factors. In order to compensate for the inability of the survey to capture the entry of new firms, the Bureau calculates monthly bias adjustment factors. To do so, each year, 3- to 5-year averages of the relative differences between the March benchmark levels and sample-based estimates are computed for most 3-digit industries. These are average annual bias adjustment factors and are updated to reflect current rates of employment change for the most recent quarter for the same industries. The updated factors are applied to the sample-based estimates for each estimating cell level in the industry. Finally, the estimates for the cells are aggregated to produce the monthly published estimates. Changes in industrial classification. Establishments are classified by industry according to major product or activity. Differences in the classification of establishments between the population and the sample can be an important source of nonsampling error. As part of a continuing quality maintenance program, approximately one-third of all employers are requested to refile industry classification information each year. This information can result in changes in industry classification. In addition, industry codes of establishments in the sample are reviewed each year and are reconciled to the corresponding codes of the establishment in the population file. Since these changes are introduced once a year, at the time of the revision to new benchmarks, they contribute to benchmark adjustment. At the more detailed industry levels, changes in classification can be an important cause of benchmark adjustments. As the estimates are aggregated to higher level industry groupings, these classification changes cancel out, so that the net difference is zero for total nonfarm employment. Benchmark source material. The principal source of benchmark data for private industries is the "ES-202 report," which contains employment data reported to State employment security agencies by employers covered by State Ul laws. Ul coverage is now extended to approximately 98 percent of employees in the total nonfarm sector and 99 percent of those in the private nonfarm sector. Employment counts for the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Federal Government are derived from official summaries prepared by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM). These summaries are complete counts of Federal workers and are not usually subject to revision.3 The official OPM summaries do not provide detail on Federal employment by industry, such as hospitals, on a current monthly basis. These are estimated by BLS from a sample of Federal establishments. BLS uses several sources to obtain employment counts for the remaining industries partially covered or exempt from mandatory Ul coverage. Data on employees covered under Social Security laws, published by the Bureau of the Census in County Business Patterns, are used to augment Ul data for nonoffice insurance sales workers and to derive benchmark figures for religious organizations, private schools, and hospitals. Benchmarks for State and local government hospitals and educational institutions are based on the Annual Survey of Governments conducted by the Bureau of the Census. Benchmark data for employees of church-sponsored schools are obtained through State agency surveys. Data for interstate railroads are obtained from the Interstate Commerce Commission. Seasonal adjustment procedure BLS uses the X-l 1 ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average) seasonal adjustment procedure, developed by Statistics Canada, 4 to seasonally adjust establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The ARIMA option is used to project the unadjusted data forward for 1 year prior to seasonally adjusting the series. The use of ARIMA projections lessens the need for revisions of historical data in future seasonal adjustments. ARIMA projections are not used in series where the projections do not meet test requirements.5 In June 1989, the Bureau introduced the practice of computing and publishing projected factors twice a year for use in seasonally adjusting establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. This schedule was affected by the incorporation of the 1987 SIC revision. Thus, in this issue of Employment and Earnings, seasonal adjustment factors are provided for the 9-month period August 1990-April 1991. Factors for the 6-month period May-October 1991 will appear in the June 1991 issue, reestablishing the practice of publishing 6 months of factors. All published seasonally adjusted series have been revised for the most recent 5 years (1985-90) for the incorporation of new seasonal factors, as usual. In addition, series affected by the Sic revision which were reconstructed for years prior to 1985 have been seasonally adjusted again, based on the 1987 sic-based estimates. 3 Employees of the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, and those of the Department of Defense paid from nonappropriated funds are not included in the OPM summaries of these series and thus are not counted. 4 A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estella Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983. 5 The series so affected are identified in tables 9 through 14. Beginning with the publication of April-July 1990 factors, a new moving-holiday extension of X-ll ARIMA was used to seasonally adjust the average weekly hours series and manufacturing overtime hours series.6 Historical seasonally adjusted series have been recomputed from January 1980 forward to incorporate this adjustment. All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the component series. The seasonal adjustment factors that will be used for the period August 1990 through April 1991 for all published series are shown in tables 9 through 14. Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a small number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle 6 A more detailed description of this adjustment appears in the January 1990 issue of Employment and Earnings. 10 and/or irregular components. These series are identified in tables 10 and 12; they are used, however, in aggregating to broader seasonally adjusted levels. Publication of revised data Data for detailed industry categories of employment, hours, and earnings will be presented in a historical bulletin, Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1909-90. It will contain all of the historical data revised as a result of the 1987 SIC revision, the March 1989 benchmarks, updated seasonal adjustment factors, and the rebasing of constant-dollar and indexed series, as well as prior data unaffected by these revisions. Employment estimates are published monthly in Employment and Earnings for most of the significant nonfarm industries. Those industries for which monthly data are not published are either too small or are not represented by a sufficient sample. Table 8 contains the March 1989 benchmark figures for these industries. Table 1. Published industries restructured under the 1987 SIC and relationship of employment to the 1972 SIC industries 1987 SIC industry Mining: Bituminous coal and lignite mining — Construction: Heavy construction, except building. .. Highway and street construction . . . Heavy construction, except highway Special trade contractors 1987 SIC code 1972 SIC code Millwork, plywood, and structural members . Millwork Miscellaneous wood products Furniture and fixtures: Office furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Pottery and related products Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral products Primary metal industries: Aluminum founderies Fabricated metal products Cutlery, handtools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws Plumbing and heating, except electric Plumbing fixture fittings and trim Heating equipment, except electric Fabricated structural metal products Metal doors, sash, and trim Sheet metal work Metal forgings and stampings Metal stampings, nee Miscellaneous fabricated metal products .. Valves and pipe fittings, nee Industrial machinery and equipment Construction machinery Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Beginning year for allemployee series 122 12 94.6666 1939 16 161 162 162 17 17 16 161 161 162 16 17 96.5214 84.7511 3.2454 100.0000 3.4785 100.0000 1972 1988 1972 2 Manufacturing: Durable goods Lumber and wood products 1972 to 1987 ratio1 1972 24 34 26 243 344 2431 3442 249 266 99.6873 3 .9717 100.0000 .5094 .6518 100.0000 1.7230 100.0000 8.9878 100.0000 64.8231 1939 24 24 24 243 243 2431 2431 249 249 252 252 254 254 259 252 259 254 259 259 100.0000 2.1165 100.0000 1.6588 96.2246 1958 32 32 326 326 329 32 36 326 367 329 94.5041 .0816 100.0000 .2680 72.6864 1939 3365 3361 55.6354 1988 34 34 34 34 342 342 34 35 37 30 342 355 99.4321 .0018 .3067 .3849 100.0000 .0229 1947 3423,5 3423,5 343 343 3432 3432 3433 344 344 3442 3444 346 3469 349 349 3494 35 35 35 35 3531 3531 3537 3537 354 354 354 3423,5 3555 343 307 3432 307 3433 344 346 3442 3444 346 3469 349 372 3494 34 35 36 37 3531 3536 3536 3537 354 356 362 100.0000 .1363 98.5898 .5265 100.0000 .5265 95.9318 98.2769 .9996 91.0121 91.8514 99.0003 97.1998 100.0000 .8923 37.7579 .0584 99.4217 .8759 .7329 100.0000 24.6423 3.0149 100.0000 98.7786 3.7983 7.4676 1972 1947 1972 1972 1972 1958 1958 1947 1988 1947 1972 1972 1972 1972 1958 1958 1972 1972 1972 1988 1947 1972 1972 1958 See footnotes at end of table. 11 Table 1. Published industries restructured under the 1987 SIC and relationship of employment to the 1972 SIC industries—Continued 1987 SIC industry 1987 1972 1972 to 1987 SIC SIC ratio1 code Durable goods—Continued Special industry machinery 355 355 355 354 355 363 Printing trades machinery Food products machinery General industrial machinery 3555 3556 3555 3551 356 356 356 343 355 356 Pumps and pumping equipment Speed changers, drives, and gears . . . Computer and office equipment 3561 3566 3561 3566 357 357 357 366 3571 3573 3575,8,9 3575,8,9 3575,8,9 3575,8,9 3573 3574 3572,9 3661 — 358 358 358 369 Refrigeration and heating equipment . 3585 3585 3585 3699 3.9089 100.0000 100.0000 2.1568 100.0000 .3433 100.0000 4.3273 359 359 359 359 356 357 359 372 8.3480 1.4144 100.0000 2.1324 1972 3596,9 3596,9 3576 3599 1982 36 36 361 35 36 361 3613 3613 362 362 362 361 362 367 3625 3625 3625 3613 3622 3679 363 364 364 363 364 369 3641 3641 3641 3699 100.0000 93.9304 .4018 84.2405 95.9258 91.8226 4.0741 92.5323 .8433 8.1773 100.0000 2.0574 98.8695 100.0000 .8295 100.0000 10.4550 46.9916 97.8431 5.7592 97.2806 100.0000 1.8918 55.4504 Electronic computers Computer terminals, calculators, and office machines, nee Refrigeration and service machinery Miscellaneous industrial and commercial machinery Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee Electronic and other electrical equipment .. Electric distribution equipment Switchgear and switchboard apparatus Electrical industrial apparatus Relays and industrial controls Household appliances Electric lighting and wiring equipment — Electric lamps Communications equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . Electronic components and accessories . Electron tubes Electronic components, nee Miscellaneous electrical equipment and supplies Transportation equipment Aircraft and parts Aircraft parts and equipment, nee Instruments and related products Search and navigation equipment Measuring and controlling devices See footnotes at end of table. 12 code Beginning year for allemployee series 366 366 3661 3661 3661 3662 367 367 3671 3671 3679 3671-3 3679 3679 369 369 369 369 37 372 357 366 367 369 37 372 3728 38 38 381 381 382 382 382 382 1.2213 90.8078 1.1304 87.0550 65.6950 1.4101 7.0169 87.8535 61.9609 90.1076 96.8416 .4166 72.2830 1958 1958 1988 1972 1988 1972 1958 1988 1988 1958 1972 1939 1958 1958 1958 1972 1958 1958 1972 1988 1988 1958 1988 1988 1988 3728 1.7439 5.1537 1.6079 78.1093 98.9602 96.9752 87.9661 36 38 366 381 366 381 382 383 14.8019 100.0000 47.1027 62.9508 .3350 37.0491 100.0000 100.0000 1947 1939 1939 1972 1988 1988 Table 1. Published industries restructured under the 1987 SIC and relationship of employment to the 1972 SIC industries—Continued 1987 SIC industry Durable goods—Continued Medical instruments and supplies Costume jewelry and notions Miscellaneous manufactures 1987 SIC code 384 384 396 399 399 Bakery products Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products, except bread Sugar and confectionery products Candy and other confectionery products Miscellaneous food and kindred products . Textile mill products: Knitting mills Yarn and thread mills: Yarn spinning mills Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods Apparel and other textile products: Men's and boys' shirts Men's and boys' trousers and slacks . . . SIC 1972 to 1987 ratio1 code Beginning year for allemployee series 369 384 396 396 399 _ 20.7178 100.0000 85.8026 14.1973 100.0000 2 .3127 3 99.0283 2015 2015 203 2032 2048 2048 205 205 2016 2017 203 2032 2047 2048 203 205 100.0000 100.0000 95.8883 99.8392 20.1742 100.0000 3.5699 100.0000 2052,3 206 206 206 2064 209 209 2038 203 206 209 2065 203 209 100.0000 .5247 100.0000 .7356 89.1262 .0169 99.2643 1988 1972 225 225 225 229 100.0000 5.3622 1958 2281 2281 2282 2282 229 2281 2283 2282 2283 229 100.0000 81.6835 100.0000 18.1135 94.6377 1972 2321 2325 2325 2326 2321 2327 2328 2328 93.9364 100.0000 44.8317 55.1683 1958 1988 26 262 262 2656 2657 2657 2672 2673 26 262 266 2654 2651 2654 2641 2643 99.3481 100.0000 35.1768 69.2511 100.0000 30.7489 70.3688 63.3756 1939 1972 275 2759 2759 279 279 275 2751 2753 275 279 99.0699 100.0000 75.3906 .9300 100.0000 281 281 2819 2819 286 2869 281 286 2ai9 2861,9 286 2861,9 100.0000 .1290 100.000 .1621 99.8709 96.9608 30 30 30 305 305 3052 32 35 30 329 303,4 303,4 5.4958 .1745 99.6150 27.3135 96.9608 95.8367 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products: Poultry slaughtering and processing . Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Prepared feeds, nee 1972 1988 1988 1972 1939 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1988 1972 1972 1958 1988 Men's and boys' work clothing Paper and allied products Paper mills Sanitary food containers Folding paperboard boxes Paper, coated and laminated, nee Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated .. Printing and publishing: Commercial printing Commercial printing, nee Printing trade services Chemicals and allied products: Industrial inorganic chemicals Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee Industrial organic chemicals Industrial organic chemicals, nee Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing Rubber and plastics hose and belting . 1988 1988 1988 1988 1958 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1939 1972 1972 See footnotes at end of table. 13 Table 1. Published industries restructured under the 1987 SIC and relationship of employment to the 1972 SIC industries—Continued 1987 1987 SIC industry Nondurable goods—Continued Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products, nee Transportation and public utilties: Transportation Water transportation Water transportation of freight, nee Water transportation services Air transportation, scheduled Freight transportation arrangement Communications and public utilities Radio and television broadcasting Television broadcasting stations Cable and other pay television service Electric, gas, and sanitary services Sanitary services Wholesale trade Durable goods Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies Motor vehicle supplies and new parts Construction materials, nee Professional and commercial equipment Computers, peripherals and software Electrical goods Electrical apparatus and equipment Electronic parts and equipment Machinery, equipment, and supplies Industrial machinery and equipment Miscellaneous wholesale trade durable goods Retail trade Department stores Miscellaneous general merchandise stores . . . Automotive dealers, nee Radio, television, and electronic stores Record and prerecorded tape stores Miscellaneous retail establishments Fuel dealers Retail stores, nee Finance, insurance, and real estate Finance Depository institutions Commercial banks State commercial banks See footnotes at end of table. 14 1972 SIC SIC code code 1972 to 1987 ratio1 Beginning year for allemployee series 306 306 306 308 355 303,4 306 307 44 444 444 449 449 451 451 473 473 48,49 48,49 483 4833 484 484 49 49 495 495 50-51 50-51 50 50 501 501 5013 5039 504 504 5045 506 5063 5065 508 508 5084 5084 509 509 44 443,4 445 445 446 451 452 471 472 48,49 48,49 483 4833 483 489 44 49 446 495 50-51 52-59 50 59 501 593 5013 5039 504 508 5081 506 5063 5065 506 508 5063 5084 504 509 99.9567 99.2348 88.6249 .6366 76.2996 98.5600 100.0000 54.5385 100.0000 21.6219 100.0000 4 .0433 96.1980 92.4351 3.8019 75.7386 .7651 100.0000 1.4399 100.0000 100.0000 .1156 100.0000 .9010 100.0000 28.0278 94.7311 43.9563 31.4240 48.0348 55.4221 98.8809 71.3835 100.0000 1.1190 51.9651 2.1547 100.0000 68.5759 100.0000 52-59 531 539 539 559 5731 5735 59 598 599 599 52-59 531 531 539 556,9 5732 5733 59 598 598 599 99.8844 97.3542 2.6457 100.0000 32.5205 66.2163 64.8882 99.0989 99.4440 .5559 100.0000 1939 1958 1988 60-65,67 60-62,67 60-62,67 60 60 602 6022 6022 60-67 60-62,67 66 60 61 602 6022 6023,4 99.9972 100.0000 4.7158 100.0000 59.1658 98.5649 97.3501 96.1098 1939 1972 2.1522 3.3092 100.0000 99.4734 4 1972 1958 1964 1964 1988 1988 1988 1988 1964 1958 1982 1988 1964 1972 1939 1972 1972 1982 1988 1988 1988 1958 1988 1988 1982 1982 1988 1988 1988 1988 1972 1958 1972 1988 1972 1988 Table 1. Published industries restructured under the 1987 SIC and relationship of employment to the 1972 SIC industries —Continued 1987 1987 SIC industry Finance—Continued Savings institutions Savings institutions, except Federal. .. Credit unions Nondepository institutions Personal credit institutions Business credit institutions Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and exchanges Security and commodity services Insurance Insurance agents, brokers, and services .. Real estate Real estate agents and managers Services Personal services Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .. Miscellaneous personal services Business services Personnel supply services Help supply services Prepackaged software Data processing and preparation Miscellaneous business services Detective and armored car services Motion pictures Amusement and recreation services Miscellaneous amusement and recreation services Health services: Offices and clinics of medical doctors Offices and clinics of dentists . Nursing and personal care, nee . Home health care services Legal services Social services: Individual and family services Museums and botanical and zoological gardens Engineering and management services Research and testing services Management and public relations Services, nee 1 Based on microdata files of dual-coded industries for first quarter 1988. 2 A small portion of durable goods was reassigned to nondurable goods. 3 A small portion of nondurable goods was reassigned to durable goods. 4 A small portion of transportation was reassigned to communica- SIC code 1972 SIC code 603 603 603 602 603 612 6036 6036 6036 6036 6022 606 61 61 614 614 615 615 615 622,3 628 63,64 63,64 64 64 65 65 653 653 _ 72 721 721 729 73 73 736 7363 7363 7372 7374 738 738 7381 1972 to 1987 ratio 1 Beginning year for allemployee series 1988 66 1.4350 100.0000 100.0000 2.6498 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 48.2236 40.8341 4.6990 51.7763 3.2421 99.4323 38.6389 1.4632 622,3,8 622,3,8 29.4979 73.7368 1988 1988 63 64 64 66 65 66 653 66 _ 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 56.2094 100.0000 37.2352 100.0000 37.3684 5 0028 5 100.0000 90.7985 100.0000 .7028 56.8650 1.6354 82.4314 96.4391 100.0000 54.5216 28.4660 74.5430 100.0000 50.7965 91.8657 1.8798 100.0000 7.5660 99.2701 1972 603 6123 6124,5 614 61 66 614 66 615 611,3 72 721 725,9 725,9 72 73 736 7362 7369 7372 7374 735 739 7393 78 78 79 79 73 78 72 79 799 799 799 725,9 791,9 801 801 801 808 802 802 8059 808 81 81 802 808 8059 809 66 81 832 832 84 84 87 87 873 873 874 874 89 832 839 79 84 73 89 739 793 892 736 739 89 1988 1988 1988 1988 1972 1972 1972 1972 1939 1958 1972 1988 1958 1972 1982 1988 1988 1988 1982 1988 1988 31.6286 3.8330 90.9632 1988 100.0000 38.9567 100.0000 .2670 47.0887 81.4568 1.8565 100.0000 1972 100.0000 30.4147 .7298 100.0000 15.6886 97.7588 16.7540 100.0000 3.5608 20.5757 2.2411 1982 1988 1988 1972 1988 1988 1988 1988 1988 1988 tions and public utilities. 5 Services under the 1987 SIC structure comprise all of the 1972 SIC- based components plus a very small portion of finance, insurance, and real estate. NOTE: Nee is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and designates broad categories of industries which cannot be more specifically identified. 15 Table 2. Disposition of employment in industries deleted from the 1987 SIC structure 1972 SIC industry 1972 SIC code 1987 SIC code Disposition in 1987 SIC 11,12 12 100.0000 131,2 131 132 97.6203 2.3797 3361 3363 3365 44.3646 55.6354 3551 3556 3565 65.6950 34.3050 3573 3571 3572 3575,8,9 3577 3695 72.2830 7.3603 3.9089 14.4659 1.9818 3599 3593 3599 6.0696 93.9304 Industrial controls 3622 3625 100.0000 Radio and TV communication equipment 3662 3661 3663 3669 3695,9 3812 3829 5.7592 24.2616 4.7948 6.3878 58.3813 .4153 383 382 100.0000 Coal mining Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids Aluminum foundries Food products machinery Electronic computing equipment Machinery, except electrical, nee Optical instruments and lenses Poultry dressing plants 2016 2015 100.0000 Cookies and crackers 2052 2052,3 100.0000 2061,2,3 2061 2062 2063 32.9954 26.3063 40.6983 Confectionery products 2065 2064 2068 89.1262 10.8738 Men's and boys' separate trousers 2327 2325 100.0000 Men's and boys' work clothing 2328 2325 2326 44.8317 55.1683 261,2,6 261 262 249 7.5684 90.1270 2.3046 Paper coating and glazing 2641 2671 2672 29.6312 70.3688 Bags, except textile bags 2643 2673 2674 63.3756 36.6244 Cane and beet sugar Paper and pulp mills Folding paperboard boxes 2651 2657 100.0000 Sanitary food containers 2654 2656 2657 69.2511 30.7489 Commercial printing, letterpress 2751 2759 100.0000 2861,9 2861 2819 2869 4.2875 .1621 95.5505 303,4 305 306 96.9608 3.0392 Miscellaneous plastics products 307 308 343 99.4735 .5265 Trucking and trucking terminals 421,3 421 423 99.6780 .3220 Local water transportation 445 444 448 449 .6367 22.1007 77.2626 Water transportation services 446 449 495 98.5601 1.4399 451,2 451 452 96.6738 3.3262 471 4731 100.0000 Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose and belting . Air transportation Freight forwarding See note at end of table. 16 Table 2. Disposition of employment in industries deleted from the 1987 SIC structure—Continued 1972 SIC industry 1972 SIC code 1987 SIC code Dispositi in 1987 SI Commercial machines and equipment 5081 5044 5045 5046 35.6186 55.4221 8.9593 Professional equipment and supplies . 5086 5047 5048 5049 65.0666 11.8969 23.0366 Car dealers 551,2 551 552 94.1289 5.8711 Radio and television stores 5732 5731 5734 66.2163 33.7837 Music stores 5733 5735 5736 64.8882 35.1118 6023,4 6022 6036 96.1098 3.8902 State banks, not Federal Reserve Savings and loan associations State associations, insured Combined real estate, insurance, etc . Temporary help supply services 612 603 100.0000 6123 6036 100.0000 66 61 64 65 81 4.6990 56.2094 37.2352 1.8565 7362 7363 100.0000 739 735 738 784 873 874 7.1406 50.7965 4.7332 16.7540 20.5757 7392 8732 8741 8742 8743 8748 16.6894 41.1894 26.7912 5.7954 9.5347 7393 7381 7382 91.8657 8.1343 7394 7353 7359 7841 15.3597 44.7777 39.8626 808 801 802 809 38.9567 .2671 60.7762 Miscellaneous business services Management and public relations Detective and protective services Equipment rental and leasing Outpatient care facilities NOTE: Nee is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and designates broad categories of industries which cannot be more specifically identified. 17 Table 3. Differences between nonfarm employment benchmarks and estimates by industry, March 1989 (In thousands) 1987 SICbased estimate Benchmark SIC revision effect (2-1) Benchmark effect (3-2) (2) (3) (4) (5) 107,017 107,073 107,026 56 89,052 89,108 89,015 56 -93 -37 25,095 25,101 24,815 6 -286 -280 702 391 703 391 678 374 1 0 -25 -17 -24 -17 4,837 1,287 4,813 1,287 4,741 1,239 -24 0 -72 -48 -96 -48 19,556 11,550 755 535 592 790 19,585 11,538 767 535 560 789 19,396 11,448 746 530 559 781 29 -12 12 0 -32 -1 -189 -90 -21 -5 -1 -8 -160 -102 -9 -5 -33 -9 276 1,451 2,147 276 1,454 2,166 281 1,454 2,136 0 3 19 5 0 -30 5 3 -11 2,052 2,067 869 774 388 1,760 2,045 869 1,075 389 1,762 2,071 871 1,027 383 -292 -22 0 301 1 2 26 2 -48 -6 -290 4 2 253 -5 8,006 1,599 55 727 1,102 693 1,600 1,084 158 8,047 1,598 55 727 1,106 689 1,601 1,085 158 7,948 1,583 51 725 1,086 693 1,560 1,068 153 41 -1 0 0 4 -4 1 1 0 -99 -15 -4 -2 -20 4 -41 -17 -5 -58 -16 -4 -2 -16 0 -40 -16 -5 846 142 886 142 893 138 40 0 7 -4 47 -4 81,922 81,972 82,211 50 239 289 Transportation and public utilities Transportation 2 Communications and public utilities2 . . 5,607 3,404 2,203 5,646 3,443 2,203 5,549 3,341 2,208 39 39 0 -97 -102 5 -58 -63 5 Wholesale trade 2 Durable goods 2 Nondurable goods 6,154 3,658 2,496 6,145 3,654 2,491 6,195 3,676 2,519 -9 -4 -5 50 22 28 41 18 23 19,059 2,398 3,184 2,129 6,164 19,023 2,386 3,184 2,126 6,164 19,115 2,452 3,121 2,084 6,264 -36 -12 0 -3 0 92 66 -63 -42 100 56 54 -63 -45 100 6,723 3,306 2,115 1,302 6,714 3,304 2,115 1,295 6,639 3,288 2,089 1,262 -9 -2 0 -7 -75 -16 -26 -33 -84 -18 -26 -40 Services 1 2 Business sevices 2 Health services 26,414 5,678 7,480 26,479 4,750 7,476 26,702 4,828 7,401 65 -928 -4 223 78 -75 288 -850 -79 Government Federal State Local 17,965 2,976 4,213 10,776 17,965 2,976 4,213 10,776 18,011 2,976 4,257 10,778 0 0 0 0 46 0 44 2 46 0 44 2 Industry Total Total private Goods-producing Mining 1 Oil and gas extraction Construction 1 General building contractors Manufacturing Durable goods 2 Lumber and wood products 2 Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products 2 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products 2 Industrial machinery and equipment 2 Electronic and other electrical equipment 2 Transportation equipment 2 Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products 2 . . , Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods 2 Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products . . Paper and allied products 2 Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products 2 Leather and leather products Service-producing 2 Retail trade 1 2 General merchandise stores Food stores Auto dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e 2 . . . . Finance 2 Insurance 2 Real estate 2 1 2 Difference between benchmark and estimate (3-1) (6) 1972 SICbased published estimate (1) Includes other industries not shown separately. Industry scope changed due to SIC revision. Other industries were not 18 -47 9 directly affected by the SIC revision but some estimates changed as a result of restratification within the industry. Table 4. Percent differences between nonfarm employment benchmarks and estimates by industry division, March 1982-89 Industry division Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities .. Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government 1 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 -0.1 (D 0.4 (1) -0.5 (1) -0.3 2.2 .2 -5.4 .5 -1.2 .2 .9 -1.6 3.1 -.9 .2 1.3 .4 .4 .1 -3.1 1.4 -.5 -1.0 -.3 .5 .1 .8 -1.2 -.6 -1.1 -.3 -.9 -.1 .3 -.4 -3.2 -1.5 -.5 -1.7 -2.2 -.7 -.7 -.6 -.1 .5 -.1 (1) .4 -1.2 -.2 .3 .1 (1) -.1 .7 (1) .9 -.5 .1 -.3 1989 (1) -3.7 -1.5 -1.0 -1.7 .6 -1.1 .8 .3 Less than 0.05 percent. Table 5. Differences in seasonally adjusted levels and over-the-month changes, total nonfarm employment, January 1989-May 1990 (In thousands) Over-the-month changes Levels 1989: January February . . . March April May June July August September . October . . . November . December . 1990: January February . . . March April May Difference As previously published As revised Difference 107,430 107,648 107,811 107,988 108,135 108,364 108,490 108,628 108,868 108,980 109,245 109,383 -12 -63 -77 -113 -175 -243 -277 -259 -228 -191 -207 -187 345 269 177 213 209 297 160 120 209 75 281 118 359 218 163 177 147 229 126 138 240 112 265 138 14 -51 -14 -36 -62 -68 -34 18 31 37 -16 20 109,654 109,958 110,122 110,177 110,617 -277 -346 -305 -224 -153 361 373 123 -26 369 271 304 164 55 440 -90 -69 41 81 71 As previously published As revised 107,442 107,711 107,888 108,101 108,310 108,607 108,767 108,887 109,096 109,171 109,452 109,570 109,931 110,304 110,427 110,401 110,770 Table 6. Distribution of published 3-digit SIC industries by size of industry and percent difference between employment benchmarks and estimates, March 1989 Size of industry (number of employees) Percent difference Total . . . 0-0.9 1.0-2.9 3.0-4.9 5.0 and over Total number of industries Under 50,000 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 199,999 200,000 and over 265 38 46 69 112 73 102 47 43 10 13 9 6 14 13 9 10 20 23 15 11 29 53 14 16 19 Table 7. Differences between hours and earnings benchmarks and estimates, selected industries, March 1989 Average weekly hours Industry Total private Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products .., Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products , Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products . . . Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 20 — SIC revision effect (3-2) (4) Difference between benchmark and estimate (3-1) (6) 1972 SICbased published estimate (1) 1987 SICbased estimate Benchmark (2) (3) 34.4 34.4 34.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 42.0 37.4 41.0 41.7 39.8 39.6 41.9 43.5 41.7 42.1 37.4 40.9 41.7 39.8 39.6 41.9 43.4 41.7 42.1 37.4 41.0 41.7 39.8 39.6 41.9 43.4 41.7 .1 .0 -.1 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .0 .0 .0 .1 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .1 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .0 42.6 42.7 42.7 .1 .0 .1 40.5 43.3 41.2 39.4 40.4 43.2 41.1 39.3 40.5 43.2 41.1 39.3 -.1 -.1 -.1 -.1 .1 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 -.1 -.1 39.9 39.9 36.3 41.0 36.9 43.0 37.9 42.3 43.2 39.9 39.9 36.3 40.9 36.9 42.9 38.0 42.3 43.2 39.9 39.9 36.3 40.9 36.9 42.9 38.0 42.3 43.2 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .0 -.1 .1 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .0 -.1 .1 .0 .0 41.5 37.4 41.5 37.4 41.5 37.4 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 39.2 37.9 28.5 35.8 32.4 38.6 37.9 28.5 35.7 32.4 38.6 37.9 28.5 35.7 32.4 -.6 .0 .0 -.1 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.6 .0 .0 -.1 .0 Benchmark effect (3-2) (5) Table 7. Differences between hours and earnings benchmarks and estimates, selected industries, March 1989 —Continued Average hourly earnings SIC revision effect (2-1) (4) Difference between benchmark and estimate (3-1) (6) 1972 SICbased published estimate 1987 SICbased estimate Benchmark d) (2) (3) $9.56 $9.55 $9.55 $-0.01 $0.00 $-0.01 Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products .. Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing — 13.15 13.26 10.41 10.93 8.68 8.13 10.62 12.27 10.47 13.17 13.32 10.41 10.94 8.71 8.13 10.72 12.27 10.47 13.24 13.38 10.42 10.95 8.67 8.14 10.72 12.33 10.50 .02 .06 .00 .01 .03 .00 .10 .00 .00 .07 .06 .01 .01 -.04 .01 .00 .06 .03 .09 .12 .01 .02 -.01 .01 .10 .06 .03 11.25 11.32 11.32 .07 .00 .07 10.30 13.65 10.17 8.23 9.98 13.64 10.76 8.21 9.99 13.62 10.70 8.20 -.32 -.01 .59 -.02 .01 -.02 -.06 -.01 -.31 -.03 .53 -.03 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products 9.66 9.33 15.34 7.59 6.34 11.84 10.79 12.91 15.46 9.66 9.36 15.34 7.59 6.33 11.84 10.78 12.93 15.46 9.68 9.39 15.32 7.59 6.34 11.87 10.80 12.95 15.43 .00 .03 .00 .00 -.01 .00 -.01 .02 .00 .02 .03 -.02 .00 .01 .03 .02 .02 -.03 .02 .06 -.02 .00 .00 .03 .01 .04 -.03 9.33 6.54 9.39 6.54 9.39 6.56 .06 .00 .00 .02 .06 .02 12.46 10.21 6.48 9.43 9.29 12.47 10.23 6.47 9.40 9.27 12.49 10.24 6.47 9.40 9.27 .01 .02 -.01 -.03 -.02 .02 .01 .00 .00 .00 .03 .03 -.01 -.03 -.02 Industry Total private Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Benchmark effect (3-2) (5) 21 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89 (In thousands) Industry 1987 SIC Code Total Total private Goods-producing Mining Lead and zinc ores Gold and silver ores Other metal ores and mining services Bituminous coal and lignite-surface Bituminous coal-underground Anthracite mining and coal mining services Natural gas liquids Clay, ceramic, and refractory minerals Dimension stone and other nonmetallic minerals 103 104 106,8,9 1221 1222 123,4 132 145 141,8,9 Construction Bridge, tunnel, and elevated highway Water, sewer, and utility lines Heavy construction, nee Masonry and other stonework Plastering, drywall, and insulation Terrazzo, tile, marble, and mosaic work Carpentry work Floor laying and floor work, nee Concrete work Water well drilling Miscellaneous special trade contractors Structural steel erection Glass and glazing work Excavation work Wrecking, demolition, and other special trade contractors 1622 1623 1629 1741 1742 1743 1751 1752 177 178 179 1791 1793 1794 1795,6,9 Manufacturing 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 89,566 88,232 92,587 96,042 98,150 100,427 103,834 107,026 73,370 72,043 76,371 79,446 81,204 83,173 86,180 89,015 24,056 22,370 24,017 24,469 24,192 24,037 24,565 24,815 1,205 5.9 8.9 25.5 945 4.0 8.6 14.0 952 4.0 10.5 13.3 933 3.3 9.8 11.4 832 2.9 10.4 9.1 696 2.4 12.1 8.3 ft6.6 ft ft ft6.6 ft ft ft6.1 ft ft ft5.7 8.4 9.9 8.6 9.5 8.4 10.0 7.9 10.8 711 2.0 16.2 8.6 59.7 81.2 10.9 5.0 8.3 11.1 678 2.3 19.5 10.2 57.3 78.4 9.5 4.7 8.3 10.0 4,686 43.9 199.1 235.2 155.5 250.3 34.8 132.6 45.9 177.6 17.6 462.5 73.3 40.0 109.7 239.5 4,741 43.8 203.6 246.1 151.7 257.6 36.2 149.5 47.8 190.9 18.8 472.2 75.0 39.4 104.9 0 ft ft8.4 0 ft 0 0 0 1987 9.4 9.8 6.7 8.1 9.2 3,638 3,469 3,914 4,241 4,415 4,531 ft 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ft 0 0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft16.1 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft16.2 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft16.8 353.1 (1) 393.0 416.4 429.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 0 0 0 0 0 0 ft ft16.9 336.8 0 ft 01 () ft 0 0 14.6 314.2 0 O ft 0 ft ft (11) ( 15.7 ) ft (11) () ft 1988 1989 252.9 19,213 17,956 19,151 19,295 18,945 18,810 19,168 11,427 10,399 11,321 11,534 11,248 11,072 11,270 3.5 11.6 5.9 23.0 9.2 16.0 11.8 3.6 14.0 5.3 21.6 8.8 15.8 11.8 4.1 19.0 5.6 25.8 8.7 19.0 12.3 3.1 19.1 5.5 26.9 8.3 18.6 13.0 2.7 22.6 5.4 26.3 8.2 19.7 12.5 3.7 26.3 5.8 27.5 8.0 22.0 12.6 ft58.1 ft55.5 3.4 26.5 5.5 29.9 7.5 22.5 12.7 15.8 62.3 11,448 3.5 27.8 4.9 31.8 7.9 21.8 12.8 17.1 59.1 13.4 28.4 (1) 33.9 13.9 32.0 12.7 35.4 35.7 43.3 34.1 22.1 12.7 14.3 35.5 36.6 43.2 35.5 22.0 14.0 17.3 7.5 13.4 9.6 5.8 11.3 12.1 5.4 14.4 13.2 12.2 7.8 7.8 16.7 7.7 13.5 9.5 5.8 11.7 13.2 5.2 14.2 13.9 12.8 8.4 8.1 19,396 Durable goods Lumber and wood products: Special product sawmills, nee Structural wood members, nee Nailed wood boxes and shook Wood pallets and skids Wood containers, nee Prefabricated wood buildings Wood preserving Reconstituted wood products Wood products, nee 2429 2439 2441 2448 2449 2452 2491 2493 2499 Furniture and fixtures: Wood television and radio cabinets, and household furniture, nee Wood office furniture Office furniture, except wood Wood partitions and fixtures Partitions and fixtures, except wood Drapery hardware and blinds and shades Furniture and fixtures, nee 2517,9 2521 2522 2541 2542 2591 2599 Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick and structural clay tile Clay refractories Ceramic tile and structural clay products, nee Vitreous plumbing fixtures Vitreous and semivitreous table and kitchenware Porcelain electrical supplies Pottery products, nee Lime Gypsum products Cut stone and stone products Minerals, ground or treated Nonclay refractories Nonmetallic mineral products, nee 3251 3255 3253,9 3261 3262,3 3264 3269 3274 3275 328 3295 3297 3299 See footnotes at end of table. 22 O 56.9 12.1 24.6 0 55.3 11.1 23.9 O O 0 ft16.9 ft 29.8 16.4 ft 13.0 9.7 11.0 8.5 9.1 12.3 11.3 6.4 11.4 10.3 14.6 9.9 6.5 28.3 13.9 7.0 11.3 8.8 7.7 11.1 10.5 5.3 11.2 10.7 12.8 7.3 6.3 ft 20.4 ft 16.7 8.1 12.4 10.0 7.4 11.4 11.8 5.7 13.5 11.2 13.4 8.0 7.2 ft36.7 ft20.5 ft 16.5 7.4 12.4 9.5 6.7 12.2 10.7 5.4 14.3 12.0 13.5 8.2 7.1 ft 56.2 14.0 31.4 ft 58.0 13.8 32.2 ft ft ft22.3 ft ft 38.8 17.1 7.0 12.3 10.3 7.1 10.7 10.3 5.3 14.2 12.4 12.5 8.1 7.1 39.8 21.7 0 17.3 6.4 13.0 9.8 7.1 10.7 10.7 5.5 13.8 12.6 12.0 7.1 7.2 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) 1987 SIC Code Industry Durable goods-Continued Primary metal industries: Electrometallurgies products Steel wire and related products Cold finishing of steel shapes Steel investment foundries Primary copper Primary nonferrous metals, nee Secondary nonferrous metals Aluminum extruded products Aluminum and nonferrous rolling and drawing, nee Aluminum die-castings Nonferrous die-castings, except aluminum Copper founderies Nonferrous foundries, nee Miscellaneous primary metal products Metal heat treating Primary metal products, nee 3313 3315 3316 3324 3331 3339 334 3354 3355,6 3363 3364 3366 3369 339 3398 3399 Fabricated metal products: Metal barrels, drums, and pails Cutlery Metal sanitary ware Prefabricated metal buildings i Miscellaneous metal work Nonferrous forgings, crowns, and closures Small arms, small arms ammunition, and other ordnance and accessories, nee Industrial valves Fluid power valves and hose fittings Steel springs, except wire Wire springs Fabricated pipe and fittings Metal foil and leaf, and fabricated metal products, nee ... Industrial machinery and equipment: Lawn and garden equipment Elevators and moving stairways Hoists, cranes, and monorails Industrial patterns Welding apparatus Rolling mill and metalworking machinery, nee Woodworking machinery Paper industries machinery Special industry machinery, nee Packaging machinery Industrial furnaces and ovens General industrial machinery, nee Computer storage devices Computer peripheral equipment, nee Automatic vending machines Commercial laundry equipment Measuring and dispensing pumps, and service industry machinery, nee Fluid power cylinders and actuators Fluid power pumps and motors Electronic and other electrical equipment: Carbon and graphite products Electrical industrial apparatus, nee Household cooking equipment Household vacuum cleaners and appliances, nee Commercial lighting fixtures Vehicular lighting equipment Lighting equipment, nee Prerecorded records and tapes Radio and television communications equipment , , , , , 3412 3421 3431 3448 3449 3463,6 3482,4,9 3491 3492 3493 3495 3498 3497,9 3524 3534 3536 3543 3548 3547,9 3553 3554 3559 3565 3567 3569 3572 3577 3581 3582 1982 11.2 19.3 15.5 12.3 12.7 16.2 21.3 29.2 24.5 0 0 0 0 1983 8.2 16.7 13.5 10.9 10.6 13.8 18.0 28.2 19.7 O1 () O 24.9 14.1 10.8 12.1 13.4 9.6 25.0 0 11.7 37.7 f) 0 5.8 13.1 31.0 43.2 0 21.6 11.3 10.3 11.9 13.2 8.7 20.6 O10.6 35.8 0 0 4.9 11.9 21.7 39.5 1984 10.2 18.6 15.4 11.6 9.2 15.0 19.6 30.8 20.4 (1) 0 0 0 24.5 12.7 11.8 11.4 13.0 9.8 22.7 0 10.5 34.6 0 0 5.6 13.7 22.9 44.6 19.5 12.4 21.7 11.6 24.0 11.7 0 9.7 0 0 O 8.0 0 1985 9.6 18.6 15.8 13.3 7.0 15.3 19.7 33.0 19.8 O 01 () 0 25.4 14.1 11.3 11.8 12.7 10.6 24.9 O 10.9 36.6 0 0 6.6 14.7 22.5 45.5 1986 9.0 18.7 15.6 13.1 5.4 13.1 18.1 32.6 19.5 O 0 0 O24.9 1987 7.6 19.0 15.6 13.6 5.5 12.3 16.9 33.6 18.6 0 0 O 0 13.8 11.1 24.9 14.0 10.9 11.1 12.1 11.2 24.8 10.5 11.1 10.8 23.8 0 11.1 32.7 0 0 5.9 13.5 21.2 45.2 0 10.9 33.0 0 0 5.9 13.2 19.0 43.6 25.9 11.1 27.3 11.9 0 8.3 0 0 0 0 8.0 9.1 0 O 0 0 9.2 16.5 56.6 0 20.4 0 0 O 9.5 15.4 48.5 (1) 16.1 10.2 16.9 60.5 0 8.6 0 0 O17.4 0 0 O 8.7 0 0 O 9.1 0 18.4 0 01 () 9.0 0 17.9 0 01 () 8.5 0 17.6 0 01 () 7.8 4.7 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.6 6.0 10.3 19.0 59.2 37.7 3586.9 3593 3594 O O 3624 3629 3631 3635,9 3646 3647 3648 3652 3663 13.6 11.9 22.9 25.6 17.2 13.4 8.6 21.7 1 () O8.8 35.0 O 0 10.6 10.5 23.9 25.0 15.4 13.4 9.1 19.2 0 9.8 15.7 54.2 35.1 O O 11.3 11.5 28.7 27.7 17.4 15.6 9.4 18.5 0 25.1 11.5 36.3 O O 11.5 11.1 22.9 27.5 19.2 15.6 8.4 17.7 0 36.1 O O 10.2 11.1 21.6 26.3 19.9 17.1 9.3 17.4 O 10.3 15.9 53.8 36.9 O O 9.9 10.5 21.9 26.7 19.6 18.1 9.9 20.6 0 1988 1989 7.9 19.2 16.6 14.6 5.3 12.5 17.9 33.4 18.0 23.9 13.6 11.0 8.7 26.7 14.8 11.9 6.1 19.5 19.0 15.1 5.5 14.3 18.5 31.7 18.5 29.3 13.0 11.4 9.2 27.8 15.8 12.0 10.4 11.0 13.2 24.9 17.4 12.7 10.3 11.4 13.6 25.8 15.5 12.7 33.7 25.4 26.5 6.3 13.5 23.5 48.9 31.7 27.0 29.4 6.2 13.7 24.3 55.0 30.9 12.8 8.5 9.8 17.1 9.9 11.1 17.6 60.4 19.7 17.1 36.8 29.6 59.6 8.8 6.2 28.8 11.8 8.2 9.0 19.2 12.5 10.6 18.5 64.2 21.3 18.4 40.1 36.7 62.0 8.0 5.7 40.8 19.4 30.2 43.2 19.3 31.3 10.2 9.9 21.6 25.5 20.6 17.9 10.4 21.6 114.7 11.3 9.1 21.6 25.7 21.7 19.8 11.3 21.6 107.3 See footnotes at end of table. 23 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) Industry Durable goods—Continued Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued Communications equipment, nee Printed circuit boards Electronic capacitors Electronic resistors Electronic coils and transformers Electronic connectors Primary batteries, dry and wet Magnetic and optical recording media, and electrical equipment and supplies, nee Transportation equipment: Motor homes Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Space propulsion units and parts, and space vehicle equipment, nee Tanks and tank components Transportation equipment, nee Instruments and related products: Laboratory apparatus and furniture Fluid meters and counting devices Analytical instruments Optical instruments and lenses Measuring and controlling devices, nee Dental equipment and supplies X-ray apparatus and tubes Electromedical equipment Miscellaneous manufacturing industries: Silverware and plated ware Jewelers' materials and lapidary work Pens and mechanical pencils Lead pencils and art goods Marking devices, carbon paper, and inked ribbons Fasteners, buttons, needles, and pins Brooms and brushes Burial caskets Hard surface floor coverings and manufacturing industries, nee 1987 SIC Code 0 025.2 0 033.4 13.2 24.5 7.8 15.2 11.5 21.6 8.9 13.7 12.2 26.5 10.8 13.8 3695,9 0 0 (1) 1985 1986 1987 030.1 01 (25.2 ) 0 024.6 12.3 24.1 12.0 14.3 11.8 21.4 11.9 13.4 11.2 21.8 12.9 12.3 (1) 0 0 0 1988 1989 22.6 80.0 24.2 13.3 23.3 14.5 13.4 23.1 103.2 26.4 12.6 21.7 15.0 11.2 59.0 58.7 3716 375 6.5 17.1 9.8 14.5 15.0 16.4 15.7 13.5 16.3 12.4 17.6 11.9 19.3 12.5 22.7 13.8 3764,9 3795 3799 26.4 16.3 9.2 30.1 18.5 8.8 33.9 18.4 10.8 37.4 20.0 12.2 47.8 20.0 11.2 49.0 19.5 13.0 57.1 15.6 14.2 58.2 16.2 14.6 9.2 11.7 25.9 17.9 45.8 14.0 10.3 21.5 8.0 11.4 29.6 19.5 46.1 12.9 10.9 27.3 7.7 7.8 8.8 7.2 18.2 12.9 13.5 9.3 61.2 7.5 7.3 9.7 7.5 18.6 12.6 13.3 9.3 61.5 3821 3824 3826 3827 3829 3843 3844 3845 3914 3915 3951 3952 3953,5 3965 3991 3995 . 3996,9 Tobacco products: Cigars Other tobacco products 212 213,4 1984 0 027.2 2021 2023 2024 2034 2035 2038 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2066,7 2068 2074,5,6 2077 2079 2084 2085 2083,7 2091 2092 2095 2096 2097 2098 2099 24 1983 3669 3672 3675 3676 3677 3678 3692 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products: Creamery butter Dry, condensed, and evaporated products Ice cream and frozen desserts Dehydrated fruits, vegetables, and soups Pickles, sauces, and salad dressings Frozen specialties, nee Cereal breakfast foods Rice milling Prepared flour mixes and doughs Wet corn milling Dog and cat food Chocolate and cocoa products and chewing gum Salted and roasted nuts and seeds Cottonseed, soybean, and vegetable oil mills Animal and marine fats and oils Edible fats and oils, nee Wines, brandy, and brandy spirits Distilled and blended liquors Malt and flavoring extracts and syrups, nee Canned and cured fish and seafoods Fresh or frozen packaged fish Roasted coffee Potato chips and similar snacks Manufactured ice Macaroni and spaghetti Food preparations, nee See footnotes at end of table. 1982 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.1 14.3 14.5 15.0 14.2 11.7 0 0 015.7 0 0 0 0 014.2 01 () 0 0 014.0 01 () 0 0 014.1 0 0 0 0 014.3 0 0 013.6 0 0 11.1 7.8 9.9 8.2 15.7 9.8 7.6 9.1 7.4 15.1 10.1 8.3 9.3 7.0 15.8 9.0 8.4 9.0 7.2 16.2 8.2 8.2 8.9 7.0 17.0 0 15.2 11.0 0 13.6 10.2 0 14.2 9.9 0 13.5 9.8 (1) 0 0 13.2 9.5 7.4 8.1 9.0 6.7 16.8 0 12.4 9.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,794 7,563 7,830 7,760 7,694 7,734 7,898 7,948 2.3 15.6 18.1 14.9 22.0 2.3 15.4 17.8 15.5 18.8 2.0 16.0 18.2 15.0 18.7 2.0 15.1 20.5 15.6 19.4 1 () 17.8 4.9 7.7 9.0 2.4 15.6 21.1 15.7 19.7 2.3 15.4 21.3 15.3 20.8 41.0 19.2 5.4 9.5 9.1 12.6 21.3 7.3 13.0 8.0 11.3 15.7 11.0 17.1 11.4 38.8 12.4 32.1 5.1 8.8 53.3 2.0 15.8 21.4 15.1 20.8 41.6 20.2 5.4 9.0 9.2 15.2 21.8 6.3 12.7 8.1 10.3 16.2 9.8 17.6 9.9 41.7 11.7 33.4 5.1 8.0 56.8 3.7 10.1 3.3 10.0 17.2 6.2 6.3 11.7 17.7 5.8 7.3 10.3 17.8 5.5 6.9 10.3 2.0 15.0 18.6 15.4 18.7 1 () 17.9 5.1 7.1 10.1 0 18.7 0 0 18.5 0 0 19.8 0 O 18.8 0 O 18.4 0 0 18.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18.1 9.9 12.3 13.4 15.6 15.6 18.0 32.1 12.4 19.0 9.3 11.9 14.9 14.6 15.5 14.5 34.6 12.4 4.8 8.2 4.9 8.3 0 6.7 11.8 15.4 9.2 11.7 13.8 14.3 16.2 13.4 33.8 12.1 0 5.5 13.6 15.9 8.7 11.3 14.4 13.4 16.6 9.4 33.1 12.3 5.7 11.4 0 5.4 12.9 19.0 5.4 9.1 8.7 14.5 8.1 11.1 15.0 11.8 16.1 9.9 35.8 12.4 5.2 8.7 5.7 8.3 5.0 8.2 5.0 8.0 0 15.6 8.2 11.0 15.0 12.3 16.1 10.2 35.6 12.3 O 0 4.6 12.0 O 3.6 10.1 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) Industry Nondurable goods-Continued Textile mill products: Lace and warp knit fabric mills, and knitting mills, nee Finishing plants, nee Thread mills Coated fabrics, not rubberized Tire cord and fabrics Cordage and twine Nonwoven fabrics and other textile goods nee Apparel and other textile products: Men's and boys' underwear and nightwear Men's and boys' neckwear Men's and boys' clothing, nee Hats, caps, and millinery Girl's and children's outerwear, nee Fur goods Fabric dress and work gloves Robes and dressing gowns Waterproof outerwear Leather and sheep-lined clothing Apparel belts Apparel and accessories, nee Textile bags Canvas and related products Pleating and stitching Other fabricated textile products Paper and allied products: Pulp mills Setup paperboard boxes Fiber cans, drums, and similar products Paper, coated and laminated, packaging Bags: uncoated paper and multiwall Die-cut paper and board Sanitary paper products Stationery and converted paper products, nee Printing and publishing: Commercial printing, gravure Greeting cards Blankbooks and looseleaf binders Bookbinding and related work Typesetting Platemaking services Chemicals and allied products: Alkalies and chlorine Industrial gases Inorganic pigments Synthetic rubber Cellulosic synthetic fibers Medicinals and botanicals Diagnostic and other biological products Gum and wood chemicals Nitrogenous fertilizers Phosphatic fertilizers Fertilizers, mixing only Agricultural chemicals, nee Adhesives and sealants Explosives Printing ink Other chemical preparations 1987 SIC Code 2258,9 2269 2284 2295 2296 2298 2297,9 2322 2323 2329 235 2369 237 2381 2384 2385 2386 2387 2389 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 0 0 0 (1) 0 0 14.0 14.1 9.5 9.2 9.7 7.1 8.1 10.9 8.3 8.8 2397,9 261 2652 2655 2671 2674 2675 2676 2678,9 2754 277 2782 2789 2791 2796 2812 2813 2816 2822 2823 2833 2835,6 2861 2873 2874 2875 2879 2891 2892 2893 2895,9 Petroleum and coal products: Asphalt paving mixtures and blocks Asphalt felts and coatings Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 2951 2952 299 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products: Gaskets, packing and sealing devices Mechanical rubber goods Fabricated rubber products, nee Unsupported plastics film and sheet 3053 3061 3069 3081 0 0 14.2 14.2 13.7 7.7 9.4 5.5 7.6 (1) 9.2 7.5 6.8 10.8 11.0 10.1 6.9 8.2 (1) 6.5 8.1 5.6 7.5 0 0 (1) 0 0 1989 21.9 13.9 19.9 12.9 7.5 5.4 8.4 6.9 9.4 6.3 7.8 28.6 29.0 21.9 7.8 54.0 10.4 6.8 7.2 6.9 7.3 (1) 7.8 26.5 6.4 55.3 15.9 36.4 48.7 14.7 33.0 53.7 16.2 36.2 52.3 16.4 35.0 49.6 15.6 34.4 48.3 14.5 33.9 53.4 14.7 36.1 3.7 9.9 9.0 2.3 8.7 8.4 8.0 3.8 7.2 6.2 2.8 10.3 10.7 10.6 10.4 10.7 6.5 8.3 5.8 7.9 6.3 8.1 2.7 8.6 7.7 6.8 2.3 8.8 6.7 7.6 2.4 7.3 7.2 6.2 3.4 10.7 2.9 9.4 8.0 8.0 3.1 9.5 6.7 8.0 2.7 7.2 4.5 3.2 8.7 8.5 9.5 3.8 15.1 35.6 2.3 6.7 7.5 6.5 3.6 7.4 7.7 7.7 9.0 14.9 15.6 26.0 15.0 14.4 26.8 16.5 14.8 29.3 16.9 13.5 30.0 16.4 14.3 31.3 17.3 14.9 33.5 18.2 15.0 34.8 10.2 2393 2394 2395 0 0 18.7 1988 0 0 10.7 16.9 0 0 16.1 27.1 0 10.3 17.2 0 0 15.5 27.7 0 0 12.8 24.4 38.5 23.1 28.8 (1) 20.5 24.3 10.8 14.5 18.5 18.6 23.8 12.8 23.4 39.4 23.9 28.2 0 14.9 16.5 12.7 24.8 20.4 15.3 11.8 44.6 17.9 28.5 1 () 13.5 23.3 40.8 26.4 30.6 15.6 23.1 9.7 9.8 13.4 15.7 18.3 23.3 13.2 19.1 18.4 22.3 (1) 0 17.3 0 0 (1) 17.6 23.6 13.0 13.6 13.1 23.1 19.7 15.6 11.6 41.5 0 0 10.5 10.4 16.6 0 0 0 0 18.4 30.1 12.8 13.2 13.0 22.7 21.3 15.2 11.9 41.5 15.0 24.0 43.1 27.9 32.8 15.3 23.2 10.3 13.4 18.0 17.8 22.3 9.2 9.4 9.9 14.1 11.1 15.3 11.1 14.1 11.4 26.8 23.5 (1) 01 () 26.7 0 01 () 27.7 0 0 0 0 30.8 48.9 16.4 8.7 16.7 19.9 21.3 18.2 31.6 45.1 13.9 23.4 46.9 28.1 35.6 25.8 15.5 23.4 47.0 27.8 34.5 29.8 10.4 21.2 10.6 15.3 13.0 18.4 20.6 14.5 9.2 9.1 15.4 16.3 (1) 0 16.1 30.6 0 15.9 23.4 44.7 27.4 33.8 0 9.6 8.9 17.7 15.2 35.7 17.5 19.2 17.6 42.2 10.5 10.7 11.5 19.4 22.2 16.7 13.1 42.0 10.9 11.0 22.0 24.2 15.9 13.8 46.3 10.7 22.0 10.3 15.3 13.8 17.7 21.1 4.9 10.1 11.5 10.3 21.3 23.9 15.2 14.9 45.6 10.4 14.0 11.6 10.6 13.7 12.0 10.7 14.0 12.2 10.3 13.7 11.7 28.1 31.6 50.1 54.2 52.4 33.9 50.6 61.2 53.4 12.4 23.5 10.6 13.3 16.3 18.2 23.2 0 12.7 13.6 12.9 22.5 22.2 16.3 12.0 44.0 9.4 01 (1) () 14.9 22.3 44.3 27.4 33.1 0 0 12.7 11.9 15.7 31.4 0 0 0 0 10.1 15.8 8.2 11.7 11.9 11.8 21.2 22.3 16.9 11.7 28.6 0 (1) 0 10.8 21.3 10.6 13.3 13.6 17.2 26.2 0 (1) (1) 0 5.0 9.7 See footnotes at end of table. 25 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) 1987 SIC Code Industry Nondurable goods-Continued Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products-Continued Unsupported plastics profile shapes Laminated plastics plate and sheet Plastics pipe Plastics bottles Plastics foam products Custom compound purchased resins Plastics plumbing fixtures and plastic products, nee Leather and leather products: Footwear cut stock House slippers Footwear, except rubber, nee Leather gloves and mittens Women's handbags and purses Personal leather goods, nee Leather goods, nee , , 3082 3083 3084 3085 3086 3087 3088,9 313 3142 3149 315 3171 3172 319 Service-producing Transportation and public utilities Transportation: Other railroads and switching and terminal services , Bus charter service, and bus terminal and service facilities General warehousing and storage Warehousing and storage, nee Trucking terminal facilities Deep sea and Great Lakes freight transportation , Water transportation of passengers Marine cargo handling Marinas , Towing, tugboat, and water transportation services.nec Air transportation, scheduled , Air courier services Air transportation, nonscheduled , Passenger transportation arrangement , Travel agencies Tour operators Passenger transport arrangement, nee Rental of railroad cars Miscellaneous transportation services , Communications and public utilities: Radiotelephone communications Telephone communications, except radio Telegraph and other communications Communications services, nee Water supply Steam and air-conditioning supply, and irrigation systems ., Wholesale trade Tires and tubes Motor vehicle parts, used Brick, stone, and related materials Roofing, siding, and insulation Photographic equipment and supplies Office equipment Commercial equipment, nee Medical and hospital equipment Ophthalmic goods Professional equipment, nee Warm air heating and air-conditioning Refrigeration equipment and supplies Service establishment equipment Transportation equipment and supplies Sporting and recreational goods Toys and hobby goods and supplies Jewelry and precious stones Wholesale trade durable goods.nec See footnotes at end of table. 26 4013 414,7 4225 4221,2,6 423 441,2,3 448 4491 4493 4492,9 4512 4513 452 472 4724 4725 4729 474 478 4812 4813 482 489 494 496,7 5014 5015 5032 5033 5043 5044 5046 5047 5048 5049 5075 5078 5087 5088 5091 5092 5094 5099 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 O O 0 O O O O O O O O O ft O ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft (1) ft (1) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 10.4 9.3 20.6 4.2 17.2 11.6 9.1 9.4 7.6 20,3 3.4 14.6 10.8 8.3 3.4 14.2 11.0 8.2 65,510 65,862 5,070 32.9 18.0 O O 6.9 O O ft ft o ft o o o o o o 8.7 13.0 o o o 1,053.5 20.7 3.3 5,313 31.9 ft O O 0 O O O o o1 () o 61.5 34.6 O O 36.2 63.3 6.3 5.1 1988 1989 28.5 20.0 14.7 28.4 50.2 27.1 376.4 29.5 21.5 15.5 29.9 51.4 25.1 398.6 6.6 4.6 12.8 2.9 8.4 9.0 8.9 6.4 4.8 11.1 2.7 6.9 8.8 9.0 6.9 5.9 15.1 3.3 14.0 3.2 11.7 9.6 8.1 10.4 9.2 7.9 5.8 3.9 12.1 3.1 8.5 8.3 8.4 68,570 71,573 73,958 76,390 79,269 82,211 4,923 5,063 5,155 5,200 5,274 5,439 5,549 27.9 18.6 27.4 20.7 36.3 22.0 36.1 21.0 37.1 21.4 38.4 25.2 61.7 47.4 4.5 38.7 27.0 63.5 48.5 3.7 32.1 30.9 12.3 55.8 16.0 35.7 456.7 68.4 12.3 58.7 16.6 33.4 458.2 82.8 18.2 23.1 179.6 141.6 22.4 15.6 6.0 18.4 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft () 5.8 s o o 0 ft 7.4 11.7 o 1,000.0 o 0 20.8 2.7 5,173 31.4 ft (1) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 63.4 30.1 ft ft 35.9 59.0 9.4 7.0 18.7 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft1 () 5.9 6.9 13.0 ft 938.9 ft ft 21.1 3.3 5.465 32.5 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 67.1 31.2 O ft 38.0 60.5 5.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 7.0 15.0 ft 902.0 ft ft 21.8 3.4 5,673 31.1 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 71.0 32.6 ft ft 40.4 62.0 ft ft ft ft (1) ft (1) ft ft ft (1) ft ft ft 5.2 6.4 13.6 ft ft 5.2 ft (1) ft 1 () ft ft1 () ft ft ft ft 6.6 15.2 ft ft 880.0 871.8 ft ft ft (1) 22.3 3.4 22.8 3.2 5,715 30.1 5,784 29.3 ft ft ft ft (1) ft (1) ft ft (1) ft 73.2 32.7 ft ft 42.9 60.0 1 () ft 1 () ft (1) ft (1) ft (1) ft 76.0 33.6 ft ft 43.8 63.9 170.9 133.2 20.8 16.9 6.1 16.6 P1.3 875.0 17.5 25.5 23.9 3.9 5,948 29.5 36.3 33.0 25.0 26.6 193.7 49.1 112.0 20.9 39.2 50.8 14.6 82.1 38.4 40.2 21.9 46.0 71.1 27.6 873.6 14.1 23.8 24.7 3.8 6,195 30.2 37.8 36.2 26.6 31.6 199.7 50.6 123.7 21.8 39.9 52.6 14.9 85.9 39.1 43.4 22.9 48.0 76.9 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) Industry Wholesale trade-Continued Printing and writing paper Stationery and office supplies Industry and personal service paper Piece goods and notions Men's and boys' clothing Women's and children's clothing Footwear Packaged frozen foods Dairy products, except dried or canned Poultry and poultry products Confectionery Fish and seafoods Groceries and related products, nee Farm-product raw materials Grain and field beans Livestock Farm-product raw materials, nee Plastics materials and basic shapes Chemicals and allied products, nee Books, periodicals, and newspapers Flowers and florists' supplies Tobacco and tobacco products Paints, varnishes, and supplies Wholesale trade nondurable goods, nee Retail trade Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores Retail nurseries and garden stores Mobile home dealers Fruit and vegetable markets Candy, nut, and confectionery stores Miscellaneous food stores Used car dealers Boat dealers Recreational vehicle dealers Motorcycle dealers Women's accessory and specialty stores Children's and infants' wear stores Miscellaneous apparel and accessory stores Floor covering stores Drapery, upholstery, and miscellaneous home furnishings Computer and software stores Musical instrument stores Used merchandise stores Hobby, toy, and game shops Camera, luggage, and leather goods stores Direct selling establishments Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands Optical goods stores Miscellaneous retail stores, nee Finance, insurance, and real estate Central reserve depositories National and commercial banks.nec Foreign banks and branches and agencies Functions closely related to banking Federal and federally sponsored credit agencies Short-term business credit Miscellaneous business credit institutions Investment advice Security and commodity services, nee Holding offices Bank holding companies Holding companies, nee Trusts Investment offices and miscellaneous investing Accident and health insurance Hospital and medical service plans Pension, health, and welfare funds Surety insurance and insurance carriers, nee Title abstract offices 1987 SIC Code 5111 5112 5113 5131 5136 5137 5139 5142 5143 5144 5145 5146 5149 515 5153 5154 5159 5162 5169 5192 5193 5194 5198 5199 523 526 527 543 544 549 552 555 556 557 563 564 569 5713 5714,9 5734 5736 593 5945 5946,8 5963 5992,3,4 5995 5999 601 6021,9 608 609 611 6153 6159 6282 6289 671 6712 6719 673 672,9 6321 6324 637 635,9 654 1982 1983 1984 1985 0 0 01 () 0 01 O O O O O O O O 01 () 0 O1 0 0 0 0 0 () 23.1 39.9 26.9 34.2 23.4 150.9 145.9 O 0 O O 0 O O 38.6 25.6 O 14,748 60.4 54.0 24.1 18.2 24.2 33.6 40.3 22.4 0 27.8 27.2 31.4 45.8 52.4 67.7 O 0 O 43.0 40.1 51.1 24.3 40.7 27.8 37.0 24.3 153.7 139.0 O O O O o 0 • o 38.3 25.4 O 14,954 58.8 53.3 24.0 20.0 25.3 34.5 41.8 23.0 O 26.1 27.7 32.3 45.6 52.3 68.7 O O1 () 44.1 39.7 52.5 25.8 41.4 24.8 40.1 25.7 163.8 137.0 0 O O O 1 () O O 40.1 26.9 O 15,872 63.2 56.6 28.3 21.0 27.6 37.8 47.5 25.2 (1) 27.7 29.5 32.6 49.3 59.6 77.2 O O O 52.2 39.7 52.3 (1) 0 27.0 43.7 24.0 40.5 27.1 174.1 133.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39.1 27.8 0 16,762 66.1 64.2 29.1 21.2 29.6 39.5 51.1 27.2 () 56.5 39.9 56.2 5,294 5,361 5,588 0 O O 5,825 (1) 827.8 () O O1 () 63.2 O O 40.7 27.1 O 0 23.2 7.6 19.2 803.2 0 O 0 O O O O o 67.6 O O 38.7 27.5 O 0 25.2 8.3 19.6 74.8 O O 34.4 31.5 O 0 24.6 8.4 23.7 O 17,307 67.2 68.5 27.5 21.6 31.5 38.9 52.5 30.2 O1 ft O O O1 () O O 40.5 28.0 ft (11) O O1 794.7 O O O O O O O O 29.8 32.7 33.8 51.5 64.3 82.3 O 0)1 O1 () 01 O O O O O O 0 27.6 44.1 23.3 41.8 27.9 184.4 127.5 0 0 0) O 800.0 1986 (1) ft (1) ft ft ft ft 80.8 ft ft 29.0 36.2 35.0 54.5 68.3 86.8 63.8 40.4 61.5 55.2 39.1 ft ft 26.8 9.4 24.8 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 40.1 29.6 (1) 17,882 66.9 71.0 27.3 21.9 30.4 39.0 55.4 33.7 ft 27.0 40.7 35.9 57.0 72.5 89.6 ft 1 () ft 69.9 42.2 59.4 6,443 91.1 (1) 27.8 9.8 27.7 18,529 71.3 76.8 27.7 22.4 30.7 40.5 59.9 38.2 19.6 25.9 45.4 36.9 63.0 77.6 95.8 60.2 25.6 54.8 82.3 43.0 60.5 143.6 50.1 173.5 19,115 72.6 79.0 27.9 22.6 32.5 43.5 62.6 40.5 21.3 25.0 46.0 35.4 67.7 80.1 100.5 69.5 26.4 60.6 87.6 44.0 57.5 149.9 54.6 192.8 6,594 27.9 879.6 25.8 47.2 11.0 34.3 30.8 44.0 24.8 103.7 26.9 76.8 57.8 42.3 52.6 161.5 36.0 13.0 30.9 6,639 29.0 83.9 52.6 40.0 78.2 6,140 ft ft (1) ft ft 41.6 42.3 30.4 117.8 ft ft ft ft ft 28.6 47.3 23.6 44.1 29.1 193.0 124.4 ft 849.1 (1) () O O o1 () 104.4 O 0 55.5 39.2 (1) O 33.5 12.0 32.7 1989 24.9 114.9 87.1 54.7 43.8 83.9 19.8 32.3 47.6 21.3 46.6 31.7 221.3 124.5 67.3 36.2 21.0 23.2 104.6 65.1 45.1 45.6 30.5 128.6 24.6 107.4 ft ft ft 850.5 (1) (1) 1988 ft ft (1) ft 40.4 36.3 1987 19.2 30.3 47.0 22.4 45.7 30.8 206.3 125.0 66.9 36.5 21.6 22.2 102.3 62.1 878.4 27.2 51.4 10.3 40.2 33.4 45.3 24.9 105.1 26.5 78.6 77.0 39.5 53.9 172.0 36.3 14.7 30.3 See footnotes at end of table. 27 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) 1987 SIC Code Industry Services Agricultural services: Veterinary services Animal services, except veterinary Landscape and horticultural services , 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 18,888 19,262 20,365 21,561 22,650 23,754 25,105 26,702 87.0 39.7 181.0 94.1 41.4 199.2 100.4 42.2 220.4 107.6 44.3 241.0 114.2 41.6 249.2 074 075 078 72.9 34.1 122.4 77.2 35.4 131.4 81.9 38.2 154.2 Hotels and other lodging places: Camps and recreational vehicle parks Rooming and boarding houses, and membership-basis organization hotels 703 14.3 15.2 16.8 18.3 18.0 19.2 20.0 21.6 702,4 15.2 14.6 15.3 15.3 15.5 16.2 16.7 17.9 Personal services: Barber shops Shoe repair shops and shoeshine parlors Tax return preparation services Miscellaneous personal services, nee 724 725 7291 7299 19.3 18.5 7.0 83.9 79.5 17.9 7.0 88.2 91.4 63.2 55.7 35.5 88.4 38.7 16.3 40.7 22.8 64.3 692.9 173.2 19.7 39.5 114.0 119.5 90.6 37.6 26.0 10.3 30.6 69.8 36.5 10.1 551.5 63.1 62.6 37.1 86.9 45.0 17.6 45.3 26.3 67.0 723.0 187.1 20.7 44.1 122.3 137.0 97.6 44.9 25.8 11.7 33.1 78.1 39.3 10.5 610.8 88.6 11.8 58.0 53.7 20.3 167.6 14.7 22.8 197.2 49.6 134.1 88.6 45.5 23.5 211.6 95.0 11.8 62.6 54.8 20.2 175.4 17.6 23.5 208.0 52.5 151.6 98.4 53.2 23.9 230.7 17.8 101.7 12.2 117.2 19.8 116.2 100.2 74.9 112.5 27.2 24.9 67.8 208.5 158.5 21.4 125.6 100.9 85.8 123.5 29.9 25.9 74.6 219.8 176.2 , Business services: Outdoor, radio, television, and other advertising, nee ... Adjustment and collection services Credit reporting services Direct mail advertising services Photocopying and duplicating services Commercial photography Commercial art and graphic design Secretarial and court reporting Disinfecting and pest control services Building maintenance services, nee Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing Medical equipment rental Heavy construction equipment rental Equipment rental and leasing, nee Computer programming services Computer integrated systems design Information retrieval services Computer facilities management Computer rental and leasing Computer maintenance and repair Computer related services, nee Security systems services News syndicates Business services, nee 7312,3,9 7322 7323 7331 7334 7335 7336 7338 7342 7349 735 7352 7353 7359 7371 7373 7375 7376 7377 7378 7379 7382 7383 7389 Auto repair, services, and parking: Passenger car rental Passenger car leasing Truck and utility trailer rental Automobile parking Auto exhaust system repair shops Automotive and tire repair shops Automotive glass replacement shops Automotive transmission repair shops General automotive repair shops Automotive repair shops, nee Automotive services, except repair Carwashes Automotive services, nee Reupholstery and furniture repair Watch and miscellaneous repair shops 7514 7515 7513,9 752 7533 7532,4 7536 7537 7538 7539 754 7542 7549 764 763,9 Motion pictures: Motion picture distribution and services Video tape rental 782 784 Amusement and recreational services: Dance studios, schools, and halls Producers, orchestras, and entertainers Bowling centers Commercial sports Physical fitness facilities Public golf courses Coin-operated amusement devices Amusement parks Membership sports and recreation clubs Amusement and recreation, nee 791 792 793 794 7991 7992 7993 7996 7997 7999 See footnotes at end of table. 28 23.9 0 0 0 40.3 0 01 () 0 01 () ft1 () (1) 0) 0 (11) () ft 0 ft (11) () ft1 (1) () 23.8 ft ft ft 41.8 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 23.4 ft ft ft 46.2 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 21.2 ft ft ft 48.1 0) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 0) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 0 ft ft 20.1 ft ft ft 51.9 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 55.1 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 7.2 332.4 7.7 349.1 8.2 394.0 8.3 434.4 8.5 457.3 9.0 475.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 38.8 143.4 62.8 21.1 181.6 10.9 39.9 149.3 65.2 21.9 167.9 10.7 41.9 166.7 76.4 23.2 184.5 11.8 43.8 179.2 88.0 23.3 191.8 11.2 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 86.3 91.3 92.4 98.4 46.9 183.9 97.6 22.9 192.5 12.1 48.6 186.6 115.5 23.4 189.8 13.0 ft ft ft ft 102.1 107.1 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 64.0 65.2 69.3 68.6 74.0 73.0 Table 8. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1982-89—Continued (In thousands) 1987 SIC Code Industry Services-Continued Health services: Offices and clinics of osteopathic physicians Offices and clinics of other health practitioners Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists Offices and clinics of podiatrists Offices and clinics of health practitioners, nee Intermediate care facilities Health and allied services, nee Specialty outpatient clinics, nee Kidney dialysis centers and health and allied services, nee 1982 803 804 8041,2 8043 8049 8052 809 8093 8092,9 26.3 116.2 Educational services: Libraries Schools and educational services, nee 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 27.5 129.9 29.4 162.4 30.7 176.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.7 145.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O 0 0 f) 823 829 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Social services: Child day care services Social services, nee 835 839 298.2 302.7 314.7 Membership organizations: Professional organizations Religious organizations Political and membership organizations , nee 862 866 865,9 35.9 898.5 64.4 Engineering and management services: Engineering services Architectural services Surveying services Commercial nonphysical research Testing laboratories Management services Management consulting services Public relations services Facilities support services Business consulting, nee 8711 8712 8713 8732 8734 8741 8742 8743 8744 8748 0 Government Federal: Small arms ammunition and ordnance Other manufacturing Trade Finance Other services All other Federal Government, except Postal Service State: State government, except education Construction Transportation and public utilities Services Social services Services, except hospitals, education, and social services Local: Local government, except education Services Social services Services, except hospitals, education, and social services Nonclassifiable establishments 1 Not available. N.e.c. is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and designates broad categories of industries which cannot be more specifically identified. 0 9 () 39.0 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 1989 33.3 214.2 115.5 20.0 78.7 211.2 198.6 136.9 61.7 34.2 240.9 125.0 21.2 94.7 191.1 218.5 149.0 69.5 14.4 82.0 13.9 90.7 409.3 158.5 439.1 168.6 338.7 360.7 381.0 0 0 o o 36.6 880.6 64.5 37.7 855.6 67.3 39.6 843.9 71.7 41.8 823.9 87.9 43.7 851.0 90.2 46.8 965.5 100.3 48.6 1,012.7 104.4 0 0 0 0 o o 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 01 () 539.0 119.3 49.2 88.6 56.5 219.0 147.0 30.6 45.9 50.1 579.1 124.7 50.9 94.6 64.8 244.9 162.8 31.8 54.3 62.5 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 32.3 191.9 1988 36.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 40.5 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 44.9 0 0 0 0 0 46.5 0 0 0 0 0 47.1 0 0 0 0 0 16,196 16,189 16,216 16,596 16,946 17,254 17,654 18,011 21.2 30.2 80.6 21.5 153.6 1,513.2 22.1 30.3 79.3 20.7 164.3 1,528.3 22.2 31.5 78.2 20.6 159.6 1,530.2 19.1 31.7 79.7 20.6 158.9 1,434.5 19.1 31.9 77.3 22.2 159.2 1,451.4 17.3 31.5 79.2 24.5 166.7 1,422.7 17.0 31.5 81.0 25.4 172.7 1404.0 16.9 24.6 74.5 23.8 162.7 1,502.2 2,198.8 259.8 41.3 2,197.7 248.1 44.0 2,217.4 237.4 46.2 2,300.9 207.6 45.6 2,341.0 189.1 45.0 180.8 122.9 2,263.2 228.3 45.4 (1) 183.6 124.2 2,418.9 169.3 47.7 2,477.0 184.8 116.1 2,479.0 145.5 46.4 2,545.0 198.9 119.6 4,231.4 4,295.8 4,600.7 7,128.6 109.4 214.4 214.5 0 191.2 124.4 0 178.0 123.7 O 4,215.1 4,218.3 4,189.6 O O O 136.4 158.7 125.8 166.2 0 114.1 166.9 203.4 144.8 110.3 117.9 177.9 199.5 O 175.3 125.8 0 173.9 119.4 114.7 187.9 114.9 198.3 4,501.2 6,969.2 112.7 203.0 187.3 245.7 179.3 0 4,381.3 O NOTE: This table includes data for totals and some industry divisions which are published regularly. 29 Table 9. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry 1990 1991 Industry Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 101.8 101.1 101.3 100.8 101.3 100.8 101.0 101.1 100.1 101.0 98.5 99.6 97.9 98.8 98.0 98.3 98.9 98.6 106.6 105.7 105.2 103.7 104.8 103.6 102.7 102.2 98.6 99.8 92.3 94.5 90.3 92.7 92.4 93.8 97.0 96.2 102.4 99.5 101.9 99.9 100.5 99.6 99.5 100.1 98.9 98.1 100.3 101.0 101.8 100.2 102.1 100.3 100.1 100.4 99.7 100.3 100.2 100.9 99.9 101.5 100.9 100.7 101.3 99.9 99.4 100.5 99.7 100.5 100.0 100.4 99.9 102.1 100.1 101.1 100.8 100.0 99.4 100.6 100.0 100.7 100.5 100.8 100.1 101.8 99.1 100.9 99.0 100.2 100.0 100.5 100.3 100.5 100.8 101.1 100.3 99.5 97.8 100.2 96.6 99.8 100.0 99.3 100.0 100.0 99.3 97.7 99.9 97.8 97.5 100.1 96.1 99.9 99.7 99.6 100.2 99.7 99.9 99.5 99.8 98.8 97.8 100.1 97.7 100.1 99.8 99.8 100.2 99.6 100.0 99.8 99.8 99.6 98.5 99.9 99.7 100.0 99.7 99.9 100.1 99.5 100.5 101.1 99.8 99.8 104.9 99.5 100.0 100.6 99.7 100.7 102.2 99.7 101.6 104.9 104.6 100.5 100.4 100.1 99.5 100.1 101.4 100.0 101.3 102.8 105.6 100.4 100.7 100.1 99.8 99.8 101.1 100.3 101.4 101.0 103.8 100.3 100.8 100.1 100.4 99.7 100.4 100.3 101.1 99.4 106.3 100.0 100.2 100.2 100.5 99.8 98.7 100.3 99.8 97.3 105.3 99.8 99.3 99.5 100.0 99.4 97.2 99.6 98.9 96.7 102.3 99.8 100.0 99.5 100.0 99.6 97.2 99.7 99.5 96.5 98.1 99.8 100.1 99.5 100.1 99.8 98.1 99.9 99.6 96.6 94.1 99.9 100.3 99.5 100.1 99.7 99.1 100.3 99.5 Transportation and public utilities1 Transportation Communications and public utilities 99.6 100.9 101.2 100.1 101.4 100.0 101.2 100.0 101.4 99.9 98.5 99.4 98.4 99.4 98.8 99.4 99.4 99.5 Wholesale trade1 Durable goods Nondurable goods 100.4 100.7 99.9 100.6 100.0 100.7 100.0 100.4 100.0 100.0 99.5 98.9 99.5 98.7 99.8 99.0 99.8 99.6 Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations .. Eating and drinking places 100.6 97.8 100.1 101.2 102.9 100.2 100.1 100.3 100.2 100.4 99.8 101.6 103.2 98.0 99.8 100.7 102.2 106.7 101.2 99.8 99.3 111.7 102.2 99.4 99.5 98.6 102.8 99.7 98.8 95.6 97.6 97.0 99.1 98.6 96.2 98.0 96.4 98.9 99.0 97.8 98.9 96.7 98.9 99.6 99.5 Finance, insurance, and real estate1 Finance Insurance Real estate 100.7 100.3 104.0 99.8 99.7 101.7 99.6 99.7 100.0 99.8 99.8 99.2 100.0 99.9 98.8 99.7 99.9 96.6 99.7 99.9 96.4 99.8 99.9 97.2 99.7 99.9 98.7 Services Business services Health services 100.5 101.1 100.3 100.2 101.2 100.0 100.3 101.2 99.9 99.9 100.7 100.0 99.6 100.4 99.9 98.3 98.3 99.7 99.1 98.3 99.8 99.7 98.8 99.9 100.3 99.1 99.8 Government1 Federal State Local 100.5 94.6 91.6 99.6 98.5 98.2 99.4 102.3 101.4 99.6 102.9 102.5 99.9 101.9 102.1 99.3 98.9 99.5 102.2 102.0 99.7 102.7 102.5 99.9 102.7 102.2 Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 1 Mining Oil and gas extraction Construction General building contractors Manufacturing1 Durable goods1 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products 2 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods1 Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 100.3 1 Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the component series. 2 No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted 30 100.5 series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option. Table 10. Seasonal adjustment factors for women employees on nonfarm payrolls by Industry 1990 1991 Industry Nov. Jan. Aug. Sept. 101.4 100.2 99.7 99.8 99.5 98.8 99.1 99.4 99.4 102.3 101.4 101.3 100.5 99.6 97.5 97.1 97.6 98.9 Durable goods1 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 101.6 98.8 101.2 100.5 99.8 99.6 100.0 99.1 100.2 101.3 101.3 99.9 100.7 100.4 100.3 99.5 100.4 100.1 100.2 102.0 100.5 100.6 100.8 100.0 100.5 99.7 100.6 100.0 100.3 103.5 99.6 101.2 100.8 100.1 100.8 100.2 100.7 100.5 100.5 102.7 99.4 101.1 100.3 99.8 100.3 100.4 100.5 100.6 100.6 99.4 98.3 100.4 98.7 99.1 99.3 99.9 100.0 99.2 99.9 96.8 97.7 100.1 98.4 99.6 99.5 100.2 99.7 100.2 99.7 98.3 98.6 100.1 98.5 100.0 99.8 100.0 99.7 100.0 99.7 99.2 99.5 100.3 99.2 100.3 99.9 100.0 99.6 100.4 99.7 99.5 Nondurable goods1 Food and kindred products2 Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products2 Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 107.3 99.0 100.3 99.7 101.2 99.7 101.0 (3) 99.2 101.7 107.8 107.5 100.5 100.2 100.6 99.4 100.5 (3) 99.8 102.0 104.6 109.2 100.6 100.7 100.7 99.6 100.0 (3) 100.5 102.3 102.1 107.3 100.5 100.7 100.5 100.3 99.7 (3) 100.5 101.5 99.4 106.8 99.9 100.2 100.2 100.4 99.6 (3) 100.3 99.6 96.0 106.0 99.3 99.5 98.6 99.9 99.2 (3) 99.7 98.5 95.2 103.8 99.6 100.2 98.5 100.0 99.3 (3) 99.9 94.8 96.9 100.0 100.4 99.0 100.1 99.5 94.7 91.4 99.9 100.5 99.2 100.4 99.4 (3) 100.3 (3) 100.2 99.0 99.2 99.3 Transportation and public utilities 98.7 100.4 100.7 100.5 100.5 99.6 99.7 99.8 99.9 Wholesale trade 100.0 100.1 100.6 100.7 100.6 99.4 99.4 99.6 99.5 Retail trade 100.4 100.2 100.3 102.5 104.4 98.9 97.2 97.5 98.4 Finance, insurance, and real estate 100.7 99.9 99.7 99.8 100.1 99.5 99.5 99.7 99.7 99.8 100.0 100.3 100.1 99.9 99.0 99.7 100.2 100.3 99.2 102.6 103.3 99.2 103.1 103.8 99.3 102.9 103.5 Total Oct. Dec. Feb. Mar. Apr. 1 Mining Construction . 1 Manufacturing Services2 Government1 Federal State Local 100.7 93.8 87.2 1 Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the component series. 2 No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option. 99.7 98.3 97.7 100.0 102.4 102.3 100.1 103.0 103.7 100.2 102.2 103.2 99.4 99.4 101.6 3 Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. 31 Table 11. Seasonal adjustment factors for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry 1991 1990 Industry Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 102.2 101.8 101.6 101.6 100.2 98.0 97.2 97.4 98.8 108.1 106.6 106.0 103.5 98.3 90.6 88.1 90.4 96.3 102.9 99.4 102.3 99.9 100.6 99.6 99.0 99.7 97.9 97.4 100.2 101.0 100.8 98.9 101.2 98.7 100.3 99.9 100.7 100.5 100.4 101.1 101.4 101.0 99.3 97.2 100.0 99.7 100.1 99.9 99.8 99.5 100.4 100.0 100.1 99.4 99.5 97.4 100.1 97.4 100.2 99.9 99.7 100.4 102.5 100.0 101.3 100.9 100.1 99.2 100.8 100.0 100.7 100.8 101.2 100.8 102.2 97.6 100.3 96.0 101.2 102.1 100.2 102.3 100.5 100.3 100.6 99.8 100.2 100.3 101.0 100.5 102.0 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 106.4 99.3 100.4 99.9 100.7 99.4 100.9 102.9 99.6 101.7 106.5 105.9 100.5 100.5 100.1 99.3 100.3 102.0 100.1 101.7 103.9 106.9 100.4 100.8 100.2 99.6 99.7 101.7 100.4 101.4 101.4 105.9 100.3 100.9 100.4 100.4 99.5 100.6 100.4 101.3 99.2 107.8 99.9 100.1 100.2 100.8 99.7 99.7 96.5 107.4 99.8 99.2 99.3 100.0 99.3 96.5 99.5 98.8 Transportation and public utilities 100.2 101.0 101.1 100.9 101.0 98.6 3 100.7 100.3 100.3 100.2 100.0 99.0 100.7 100.2 100.1 101.8 103.5 98.5 101.6 100.2 99.7 99.6 99.8 98.9 Total private Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 2 Mining Construction 2 Manufacturing Durable goods2 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products3 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 101.6 99.9 99.0 100.8 99.7 100.4 100.1 100.5 100.7 99.0 100.3 100.4 98.8 97.4 99.8 97.1 98.8 99.5 98.3 99.9 99.7 100.1 99.9 99.8 100.2 99.7 101.0 101.5 99.3 99.9 95.8 102.8 99.7 100.0 99.3 95.5 98.2 99.9 100.3 99.3 100.3 99.9 97.3 100.1 99.5 95.7 93.0 99.9 100.4 99.3 100.4 99.6 98.7 100.4 99.5 98.8 99.4 99.2 99.7 97.8 98.7 99.1 99.4 99.7 100.3 95.3 100.0 100.1 99.9 99.3 2 Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 3 100.6 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the 32 100.2 100.3 99.9 98.3 100.4 99.6 98.1 100.1 99.6 96.1 99.6 99.2 98.5 99.0 97.4 98.8 99.0 component series. 3 No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option. Table 12. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry 1990 1991 Industry Aug. Total private Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. 101.3 100.2 101.6 100.0 Feb. Mar. Apr. 2 3 100.3 Mining 0 Construction 100.9 0 O 98.9 98.9 0 0 O 98.8 98.0 98.7 97.3 99.6 99.6 99.2 99.8 99.4 99.5 99.1 99.9 99.3 99.6 99.5 98.9 100.0 99.4 99.2 100.4 99.3 100.1 (4) 99.9 97.9 (4) 99.0 99.4 99.3 99.4 99.8 (4) 99.4 98.5 (4) 99.5 99.7 99.3 100.4 100.0 (4) 99.9 99.4 98.9 98.9 98.7 99.1 99.3 99.5 99.4 99.6 97.6 98.0 98.3 0 0 0 99.6 99.5 99.6 99.3 2 Manufacturing Durable goods2 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries3 5 Blast furnaces and basic steel products5 Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods2 Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products6 Apparel and other textile products6 Paper and allied products6 Printing and publishing5 Chemicals and allied products3 6 Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 100.6 100.5 100.9 99.1 99.3 99.2 98.7 99.5 98.2 97.1 99.1 99.6 100.6 101.5 101.2 100.4 100.0 100.4 100.2 100.3 100.3 101.1 100.1 100.0 101.2 101.7 (4) 101.2 100.2 101.1 101.2 100.0 100.9 101.5 101.6 99.7 99.3 100.4 99.7 100.4 100.0 100.9 100.1 101.0 100.9 99.8 101.1 100.6 100.5 100.0 101.2 100.5 101.0 100.8 101.5 100.9 101.4 100.5 102.7 99.5 101.3 100.7 102.0 102.1 102.4 102.0 101.6 102.0 101.6 101.1 (4) 100.9 100.9 100.7 100.7 100.7 101.4 (4) 99.4 100.9 (4) 100.5 99.9 (4) 100.7 100.6 100.3 100.2 99.8 (4) 100.4 100.5 Transportation and public utilities3 5 6 100.7 100.3 100.5 100.3 100.3 Wholesale trade3 100.0 100.2 100.4 100.1 100.3 Retail trade 56 Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 35 (4) 100.8 100.2 .... 99.3 100.3 99.3 (4) 102.6 0 100.8 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the component series. 3 No moving-holiday adjustment was done for April because there was no evidence of significant effects associated with the relative timing of Easter and the reference period of the payroll survey. 4 Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the 100.0 99.9 0 0 99.8 100.2 0 100.8 100.9 101.7 101.6 101.5 (4) 100.6 99.7 101.2 101.0 99.1 101.7 0 99.8 99.8 99.3 97.9 100.3 100.3 99.9 100.3 100.4 99.7 99.3 100.1 99.6 99.2 O 100.1 99.8 99.9 100.2 100.0 100.8 101.1 100.2 100.3 99.0 100.2 99.6 99.7 99.9 99.9 99.2 100.5 101.0 100.1 99.9 98.5 (4) 99.8 99.7 99.5 99.8 100.0 (4) 100.0 99.0 100.1 99.5 100.1 seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. 5 No moving-holiday adjustment was done for September because there was no evidence of significant effects associated with the relative timing of Labor Day and the reference period of the payroll survey. 6 No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option. 33 Table 13. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly overtime hours of production workers on manufacturing payrolls 1990 1991 Industry group Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 104.2 105.5 105.6 105.2 108.4 103.3 Jan. Mar. Feb. Apr. Manufacturing1 108.4 112.6 100.1 105.1 Durable goods Nondurable goods2 1 Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the component series. 2 No moving-holiday adjustment was done for September 96.1 95.8 94.9 91.9 98.1 95.6 96.3 93.2 because there was no evidence of significant effects associated with the relative timing of Labor Day and the reference period of the payroll survey. Table 14. Seasonal adjustment factors for average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers'on private nonfarm payrolls by industry 1990 1991 Industry division Aug. Total private Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 2 Mining 99.3 99.9 99.3 99.6 100.5 100.9 101.0 100.4 100.5 Construction 99.7 100.7 100.7 100.2 100.6 100.3 99.7 99.8 99.7 Manufacturing 99.3 100.1 99.8 100.1 100.5 100.2 100.1 100.2 100.0 99.3 99.8 99.6 99.9 100.3 100.3 100.2 100.2 100.3 Transportation and public utilities ... 99.7 100.4 100.3 100.4 100.2 100.1 100.3 99.7 100.0 Wholesale trade3 99.4 100.0 99.8 100.1 100.2 100.4 100.3 99.9 100.4 99.0 100.3 100.2 100.2 100.1 100.8 100.4 100.2 100.2 99.0 99.5 99.9 100.2 99.8 100.8 101.1 100.2 100.9 98.5 100.0 100.3 100.6 100.7 101.0 100.8 100.4 100.3 Excluding overtime Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 3 3 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the 34 component series. 3 No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option. HOUSEHOLD DATA HISTORICAL A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date (Numbers in thousands) Labor force Year and month Noninstitutional population Employed Number Percent of population Total Resident Armed Forces Unemployed Civilian Total Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Number Percent of labor force Not in labor force Annual averages 1956 1957 1958 1959 112,919 114,213 115,574 117,117 68,517 68,877 69,486 70,157 60.7 60.3 60.1 59.9 65,764 66,019 64,883 66,418 1,965 1,948 1,847 1,788 63,799 64,071 63,036 64,630 6,283 5,947 5,586 5,565 57,514 58,123 57,450 59,065 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 4.0 4.2 6.6 5.3 44,402 45,336 46,088 46,960 I9601 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 119,106 120,671 122,214 124,422 126,503 128,459 130,180 132,092 134,281 136,573 71,489 72,359 72,675 73,839 75,109 76,401 77,892 79,565 80,990 82,972 60.0 60.0 59.5 59.3 59.4 59.5 59.8 60.2 60.3 60.8 67,639 67,646 68,763 69,768 71,323 73,034 75,017 76,590 78,173 80,140 1,861 1,900 2,061 2,006 2,018 1,946 2,122 2,218 2,253 2,238 65,778 65,746 66,702 67,762 69,305 71,088 72,895 74,372 75,920 77,902 5,458 5,200 4,944 4,687 4,523 4,361 3,979 3,844 3,817 3,606 60,318 60,546 61,759 63,076 64,782 66,726 68,915 70,527 72,103 74,296 3,852 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,832 5.4 6.5 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.4 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.4 47,617 48,312 49,539 50,583 51,394 52,058 52,288 52,527 53,291 53,602 1970 1971 19721 19731 1974 1975 1976 1977 19781 1979 139,203 142,189 145,939 148,870 151,841 154,831 157,818 160,689 163,541 166,460 84,889 86,355 88,847 91,203 93,670 95,453 97,826 100,665 103,882 106,559 61.0 60.7 60.9 61.3 61.7 61.6 62.0 62.6 63.5 64.0 80,796 81,340 83,966 86,838 88,515 87,524 90,420 93,673 97,679 100,421 2,118 1,973 1,813 1,774 1,721 1,678 1,668 1,656 1,631 1,597 78,678 79,367 82,153 85,064 86,794 85,846 88,752 92,017 96,048 98,824 3,463 3,394 3,484 3,470 3,515 3,408 3,331 3,283 3,387 3,347 75,215 75,972 78,669 81,594 83,279 82,438 85,421 88,734 92,661 95,477 4,093 5,016 4,882 4,365 5,156 7,929 7,406 6,991 6,202 6,137 4.8 5.8 5.5 4.8 5.5 8.3 7.6 6.9 6.0 5.8 54,315 55,834 57,091 57,667 58,171 59,377 59,991 60,025 59,659 59,900 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 1989 169,349 171,775 173,939 175,891 178,080 179,912 182,293 184,490 186,322 188,081 108,544 110,315 111,872 113,226 115,241 117,167 119,540 121,602 123,378 125,557 64.1 64.2 64.3 64.4 64.7 65.1 65.6 65.9 66.2 66.8 100,907 102,042 101,194 102,510 106,702 108,856 111,303 114,177 116,677 119,030 1,604 1,645 1,668 1,676 1,697 1,706 1,706 1,737 1,709 1,688 99,303 100,397 99,526 100,834 105,005 107,150 109,597 112,440 114,968 117,342 3,364 3,368 3,401 3,383 3,321 3,179 3,163 3,208 3,169 3,199 95,938 97,030 96,125 97,450 101,685 103,971 106,434 109,232 111,800 114,142 7,637 8,273 10,678 10,717 8,539 8,312 8,237 7,425 6,701 6,528 7.0 7.5 9.5 9.5 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.1 5.4 5.2 60,806 61,460 62,067 62,665 62,839 62,744 62,752 62,888 62,944 62,523 Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: August September October.... November December 188,286 188,428 188,580 188,721 188,865 125,758 125,725 125,857 126,192 126,246 66.8 66.7 66.7 66.9 66.8 119,238 119,121 119,294 119,540 119,588 1,688 1,702 1,709 1,704 1,700 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 3,275 3,219 3,197 3,160 3,197 114,275 114,200 114,388 114,676 114,691 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3 62,528 62,703 62,723 62,529 62,619 1990: January .... February... March April May June July August 188,990 189,090 189,198 189,326 189,467 189,607 189,763 189,901 126,094 126,308 126,498 126,543 126,643 126,466 126,394 126,300 66.7 66.8 66.9 66.8 66.8 66.7 66.6 66.5 119,560 119,713 120,003 119,773 119,989 120,019 119,580 119,298 1,697 1,678 1,669 1,657 1,639 1,630 1,627 1,640 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 3,134 3,079 3,200 3,133 3,305 3,348 3,085 3,137 114,728 114,957 115,133 114,983 115,045 115,041 114,867 114,521 6,535 6,594 6,495 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814 7,003 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.5 62,896 62,782 62,700 62,783 62,824 63,141 63,369 63,601 1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes. 2 The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data (shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year. 35 HOUSEHOLD DATA HISTORICAL A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1979 to date (Numbers in thousands) Labor force Sex, year, and month Noninstitutional population Employed Number Percent of population Total Unemployed Civilian Resident Armed Forces Total Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Number Percent of labor force Not in labor force Annual averages MEN 1979 79,509 62,215 78.2 59.096 1,489 57,607 2,686 54,921 3,120 5.0 17,293 1980 80,877 82,023 83,052 84,064 85,156 86,025 87,349 88,476 89,404 90,283 62.932 63,486 63,979 64,580 65,386 65,967 66,973 67,784 68,474 69,360 77.8 77.4 77.0 76.8 76.8 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.6 76.8 58.665 58,909 57,800 58,320 60,642 61,447 62,443 63,684 64,820 65,835 1,479 1,512 1.529 1,533 1,551 1.556 1.551 1.577 1.547 1,520 57,186 57,397 56,271 56,787 59,091 59,891 60,892 62,107 63,273 64,315 2,709 2,700 2,736 2,704 2,668 2,535 2,511 2,543 2.493 2.513 54,477 54,697 53,534 54,083 56,423 57,356 58,381 59,564 60,780 61,802 4,267 4,577 6,179 6,260 4,744 4,521 4,530 4,101 3,655 3,525 6.8 7.2 9.7 9.7 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.1 5.3 5.1 17,945 18,537 19,073 19,484 19,771 20,058 20.376 20,692 20,930 20,923 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: August September October.... November December 69,635 69,725 76.8 76.7 76.9 76.9 76.9 65,919 65,681 66,046 66.011 66.143 1,519 1.531 1,533 1,529 1,525 64,400 64,150 64,513 64,482 64,618 2,592 2.520 2.513 2.477 2.535 61,808 61,630 62,000 62,005 62,083 3,485 3,679 3,553 3,624 3,582 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.1 20,980 21,096 20,936 20,971 20,953 69,539 69,639 69,712 69,779 69,737 69,599 69,544 69,459 76.6 76.7 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.4 76.3 76.1 65.943 66,108 66,208 66,043 66,058 66,000 65.740 65.596 1,523 1,506 1,497 1,499 1,472 1,465 1,462 1,475 64,420 64,602 64,711 64,544 64,586 64,535 64,278 64,121 2,501 2,461 2,499 2,415 2,560 2,601 2,458 2,458 61,918 62,141 62,212 62,129 62,026 61,933 61,821 61,663 3,597 3,530 3,505 3,735 3,679 3,599 3,804 3,863 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.6 21,233 21,183 21,162 21,163 21,277 21,488 21,624 21,781 90,384 90,456 90,535 90,606 90,678 69,404 69,360 90,772 90,822 90,874 90,942 91,014 91,087 91,168 91,240 1990: January .... February... March April May June July August Annual averages WOMEN 1979 86,951 44,343 51.0 41,325 108 41.217 661 40,556 3,018 6.8 42,608 1980 88,472 89,751 90,887 91,827 92,924 93,886 94,944 96,013 96.918 97,798 45,611 46.829 47,894 48,646 49,855 51,200 52,568 53,818 54,904 56,198 51.6 52.2 52.7 53.0 53.7 54.5 55.4 56.1 56.6 57.5 42,241 43,133 43,395 44,190 46,061 47,409 48,861 50,494 51,858 53.195 124 133 139 143 146 150 155 160 162 168 42.117 43,000 43,256 44,047 45,915 47,259 48,706 50,334 51,696 53,027 656 667 665 680 653 644 652 666 676 687 41,461 42,333 42,591 43,367 45,262 46,615 48,054 51,020 52,341 3,370 3,696 4,499 4,457 3,794 3,791 3,707 3,324 3,046 3,003 7.4 7.9 9.4 9.2 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.2 5.5 5.3 42,861 42,922 42,993 43,181 43,068 42,686 42,376 42,195 42,014 41,601 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 1989 Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: August September. October November.. December.. 97,902 97,972 98,045 98,115 98,187 56.354 56,365 56,258 56,557 56,521 57.6 57.5 57.4 57.6 57.6 53,319 53,440 53,248 53,529 53.445 169 171 176 175 175 53.150 53,269 53,072 53,354 53,270 683 699 684 683 662 52,467 52,570 52,388 52,671 52,608 3,035 2,925 3,010 3,028 3,076 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.4 41,548 41,607 41,787 41,558 41,666 98.218 98,268 98,324 98,383 98,453 98.520 98.595 98.661 56.555 56.669 56.785 56.764 56.906 56.867 56,849 56,842 57.6 57.7 57.8 57.7 57.8 57.7 57.7 57.6 53,617 53,605 53,795 53,729 53,931 54,019 53.839 53.702 174 172 172 158 167 165 165 165 53,443 53,433 53,623 53,571 53,764 53,854 53,674 53,537 633 618 702 718 745 747 628 679 52,810 52,815 52,921 52,853 53,019 53,108 53,047 52,858 2,938 3,064 2,990 3,034 2,975 2,848 3,010 3,140 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.5 41,663 41,599 41,539 41,619 41,547 41,653 41,746 41,819 1990: January February March April May June July August 1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes. 36 2 The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. HOUSEHOLD DATA HISTORICAL A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date (Numbers in thousands) Year and month Civilian noninstitutional population Unemployment rates Civilian labor force Total Percent of population Employed Unemployed Total Men Women Annual averages 1956 1957 1958 1959 110,954 112,265 113,727 115,329 66,552 66,929 67,639 68,369 60.0 59.6 59.5 59.3 63,799 64,071 63,036 64,630 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 4.1 4.3 6.8 5.5 3.8 4.1 6.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 6.8 5.9 I9601 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 117,245 118,771 120,153 122,416 124,485 126,513 128,058 129,874 132,028 134,335 69,628 70,459 70,614 71,833 73,091 74,455 75,770 77,347 78,737 80,734 59.4 59.3 58.8 58.7 58.7 58.9 59.2 59.6 59.6 60.1 65,778 65,746 66,702 67,762 69,305 71,088 72,895 74,372 75,920 77,902 3,852 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,832 5.5 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 5.4 6.4 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.8 5.9 7.2 6.2 6.5 6.2 5.5 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 1970 1971 19721 19731 1974. 1975. 1976, 1977. 19781 1979, 137,085 140,216 144,126 147,096 150,120 153,153 156,150 159,033 161,910 164,863 82,771 84,382 87,034 89,429 91,949 93,775 96,158 99,009 102,251 104,962 60.4 60.2 60.4 60.8 61.3 61.2 61.6 62.3 63.2 63.7 78,678 79,367 82,153 85,064 86,794 85,846 88,752 92,017 96,048 98,824 4,093 5,016 4,882 4,365 5,156 7,929 7,406 6,991 6,202 6,137 4.9 5.9 5.6 4.9 5.6 8.5 7.7 7.1 6.1 5.8 4.4 5.3 5.0 4.2 4.9 7.9 7.1 6.3 5.3 5.1 5.9 6.9 6.6 6.0 6.7 9.3 8.6 8.2 7.2 6.8 1980. 1981 . 1982. 1983. 1984. 1985. 19861 1987. 1988. 1989. 167,745 170,130 172,271 174,215 176,383 178,206 180,587 182,753 184,613 186,393 106,940 108,670 110,204 111,550 113,544 115,461 117,834 119,865 121,669 123,869 63.8 63.9 64.0 64.0 64.4 64.8 65.3 65.6 65.9 66.5 99,303 100,397 99,526 100,834 105,005 107,150 109,597 112,440 114,968 117,342 7,637 8,273 10,678 10,717 8,539 8,312 8,237 7,425 6,701 6,528 7.1 7.6 9.7 9.6 7.5 7.2 7.0 6.2 5.5 5.3 6.9 7.4 9.9 9.9 7.4 7.0 6.9 6.2 5.5 5.2 7.4 7.9 9.4 9.2 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.2 5.6 5.4 Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: August September October November. December. 186,598 186,726 186,871 187,017 187,165 124,070 124,023 124,148 124,488 124,546 66.5 66.4 66.4 66.6 66.5 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 1990: January February .., March April May June July August 187,293 187,412 187,529 187,669 187,828 187,977 188,136 188,261 124,397 124,630 124,829 124,886 125,004 124,836 124,767 124,660 66.4 66.5 66.6 66.5 66.6 66.4 66.3 66.2 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 6,535 6,594 6,495 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814 7,003 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.6 5.7 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.5 1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes. 2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. 37 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Age, sex, and race Civilian noninstitutional population Not in labor force Unemployed Total Percent of population Employed 119,174 7,129 2,787 4,342 13,167 84,023 33,768 16,352 17,416 30,460 16,117 14,343 19,795 11,140 8,655 11,480 6,858 4,622 3,375 2,035 855 485 6,837 1,136 Number Percent of labor force Total Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Other reasons TOTAL 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over .... 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over . 188,261 13,711 6,578 7,133 17,808 105,749 42,794 20,835 21,959 37.469 19.950 17.519 25.487 13,958 11,528 21,218 10,537 10,681 29,774 10,164 7,950 11,661 126,012 8,265 3,297 4,968 14,359 88,035 35,759 17,408 18,351 31,789 16.897 14.892 20.487 11,568 8,919 11,849 7,082 4,767 3,502 2,127 880 496 66.9 60.3 50.1 69.6 80.6 83.2 83.6 83.6 83.6 84.8 84.7 85.0 80.4 82.9 77.4 55.8 67.2 44.6 11.8 20.9 11.1 4.3 89,765 6,902 3.374 3.528 8,661 51.760 21,077 10,231 10,847 18,331 9,781 8,550 12,351 6,778 5,574 10,031 5,016 5,015 12,411 4,604 3,485 4,321 69,125 4,352 1,760 2,592 7,549 48,377 19,905 9,627 10,278 17,258 9,260 7,999 11,213 6,275 4,938 6,801 4,010 2,791 2.046 1,196 537 313 77.0 63.1 52.2 73.5 87.2 93.5 94.4 94.1 94.8 94.1 94.7 93.6 90.8 92.6 88.6 67.8 79.9 55.7 16.5 26.0 15.4 7.2 65,604 3,742 1,477 2,264 6,970 46,337 18,841 9,054 9,787 16,629 8,894 7,734 10,868 6,052 4,816 6,589 3,896 2,693 1,966 1,135 523 308 3,521 611 283 327 579 2,039 1.064 572 492 630 98,496 6,809 3,204 3,605 9,148 53,989 21,717 10,604 11,112 19,138 10,168 8,969 13,135 7,181 5,955 11.187 5,521 5,666 17,364 5,560 4,465 7,340 56,887 3,913 1,537 2,376 6,811 39,659 15,854 7,781 8,073 14,531 7.637 6,894 9,273 5,293 3,980 5,048 3,072 1,976 1,456 930 342 183 57.8 57.5 48.0 65.9 74.5 73.5 73.0 73.4 72.6 75.9 75.1 76.9 70.6 73.7 66.8 45.1 55.6 34.9 8.4 16.7 7.7 2.5 53,570 3,388 1,310 2,077 6,197 37,686 14,927 7,298 7,629 13,831 7,222 6,609 8,927 5,088 3,839 4,891 2,962 1,929 1,409 5.4 13.7 15.5 12.6 8.3 4.6 5.6 6.1 5.1 4.2 4.6 3.7 3.4 3.7 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.6 27,148 816 377 439 1,521 11,832 4,964 2,336 2,627 3,791 2,107 1,684 3,077 1,501 1,576 4,292 1,836 2,457 8,688 2,733 2,369 3,586 2,258 933 488 445 710 605 429 291 138 124 88 36 52 37 15 8 8 1 2 _ 3 3,894 51 2.8 2.1 62,250 5,446 3,281 2,165 3.449 17,714 7,035 3,427 3,608 5,680 3,053 2,627 5,000 2,390 2,609 9,369 3,455 5,914 26,272 8,037 7,070 11,165 28 98 1,617 392 169 223 567 246 321 658 311 347 842 403 439 1,285 319 254 712 28,949 3,645 2,392 1,253 1,119 3,660 1,250 631 619 1,198 611 586 1,213 541 672 4,226 1,209 3,017 16,298 4,986 4,448 6,864 20,640 2,550 1,614 936 1,112 3.383 1,172 604 568 1,073 522 551 1,138 503 635 3,230 1,006 2,224 10,364 3,408 2,948 4,009 701 109 23 1,118 453 229 225 368 293 230 159 71 49 36 13 14 12 1 69 3 114 98 80 62 14 4 5.1 14.0 16.1 12.6 7.7 4.2 5.3 5.9 4.8 3.6 3.9 3.3 3.1 3.6 2.5 3.1 2.8 3.5 3.9 5.2 2.7 1.3 31 38 187 69 45 73 2 1 1 1 2,158 35 18 17 56 1,053 253 104 149 373 163 209 428 203 225 482 242 240 533 168 115 250 16,662 1,953 1,299 654 613 1,776 574 296 278 553 269 284 649 262 387 2,677 731 1,946 9,644 3,171 2,788 3,685 3,316 525 227 299 614 1,973 927 483 444 700 5.8 13.4 14.7 12.6 9.0 5.0 5.8 6.2 5.5 4.8 41,610 2,896 1,667 1,229 2,337 14,331 5,862 2,823 3,040 4,607 2,531 2,075 3,862 1,888 1,974 6,139 2,449 3,690 15,908 4,629 4,123 7,156 1,736 17 6 11 42 564 140 66 74 194 83 111 230 108 122 361 161 200 752 151 140 462 12,286 1,693 1,093 599 506 1,884 675 335 341 645 343 510 626 1,193 4,012 1,991 1,056 935 1,329 780 549 691 428 263 369 224 145 127 92 25 11 4.3 24 Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over .... 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over . 365 264 345 223 122 212 69 40 75 262 116 45 71 98 54 44 48 25 1 Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over ... 38 900 332 177 415 285 346 205 141 157 110 47 47 30 11 6 5.4 4.1 3.7 3.9 3.5 3.1 3.6 2.4 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.5 26,447 707 308 398 1,446 11,570 4,848 2,291 2,557 3,693 2,053 1,640 3,029 1,476 1,553 4,224 1.805 2,419 8,501 2,664 2,324 3,513 1,140 480 259 221 342 312 199 132 68 75 52 22 38 25 14 5 5 1 2 302 564 279 285 1,549 478 1,072 6,654 1,815 1,660 3,179 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Age, sex, and race Not in labor force Unemployed Civilian noninstitutional population Total 160,550 11,040 5,242 5,798 14,667 89,641 35,785 17,337 18,447 31,989 16,885 15,104 21,867 11,989 9,878 18,513 9,145 9,368 26,689 8,997 7,145 10,548 Percent of population Employed 108,238 7,099 2,842 4,257 12,135 75,369 30,307 14,709 15,598 27,341 14,422 12,918 17,722 10,018 7,703 10,482 6,250 4,232 3,153 1,911 790 452 67.4 64.3 54.2 73.4 82.7 84.1 84.7 84.8 84.6 85.5 85.4 85.5 81.0 83.6 78.0 56.6 68.3 45.2 11.8 21.2 11.1 4.3 103,217 6,273 2,465 3,808 11,333 72,399 28,896 13,976 14,920 26,342 13,843 12,499 17,161 9,682 7,479 10,157 6,061 4,096 3,054 1,844 769 441 5,022 826 377 449 802 2,970 1,411 733 678 998 579 419 561 337 224 325 188 136 99 68 21 10 77,161 5,574 2,683 2,890 7,199 44,422 17,833 8,608 9,224 15,869 8,407 7,462 10,721 5,895 4,826 8,815 4,396 4,419 11,150 4,113 3,124 3,913 60,071 3,749 1,521 2,228 6,415 41,966 17,060 8,209 8,851 15,067 8,042 7,025 9,838 5,502 4,337 6,066 3,580 2,486 1,876 1,101 486 288 77.9 67.3 56.7 77.1 89.1 94.5 95.7 95.4 96.0 94.9 95.7 94.1 91.8 93.3 89.9 68.8 81.4 56.3 16.8 26.8 15.6 7.4 57,446 3,296 1,316 1,981 6,015 40,446 16,289 7,803 8,486 14,608 7,779 6,829 9,549 5,321 4,227 5,878 3,483 2,394 1,810 1,053 473 284 83,389 5,466 2,558 2,908 7,468 45,218 17,952 8,729 9,223 16,121 8,478 7,642 11,146 6,094 5,052 9,698 4,749 4,949 15,539 4,884 4,021 6,634 48,168 3,350 1,321 2,029 5,720 33,404 13,247 6,500 6,747 12,273 6,380 5,893 7,883 4,517 3,367 4,416 2,670 1,746 1,277 810 304 163 57.8 61.3 51.7 69.8 76.6 73.9 73.8 74.5 73.2 76.1 75.2 77.1 70.7 74.1 66.6 45.5 56.2 35.3 8.2 16.6 7.6 2.5 45,771 2,977 1,149 1,827 5,318 31,953 12,607 6,173 6,434 11,734 6,064 5,670 7,612 4,360 3,252 4,280 2,578 1,701 1,244 790 296 157 Percent of labor force Going to school Total Keeping house 4.6 11.6 13.3 10.5 6.6 3.9 4.7 5.0 4.3 3.7 4.0 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.6 2.6 2.3 52,311 3,941 2,400 1,541 2,532 14,271 5,478 2,629 2,849 4,649 2,463 2,186 4,145 1,970 2,174 8,031 2,895 5,136 23,536 7,085 6,355 10,096 23,046 572 278 294 1,125 9,761 3,973 1,846 2,127 3,173 1,740 1,433 2,616 1,261 1,355 3,707 1,561 2,145 7,882 2,422 2,171 3,289 1,512 612 309 303 486 407 283 193 90 88 61 27 35 28 8 7 6 2,625 453 205 248 400 1,519 771 405 366 459 263 196 289 180 109 188 96 92 65 48 13 4 4.4 12.1 13.5 11.1 6.2 3.6 4.5 4.9 4.1 3.0 3.3 2.8 2.9 3.3 2.5 3.1 2.7 3.7 3.5 4.3 2.7 1.5 17,090 1,825 1,163 662 784 2,457 773 399 373 801 364 437 883 393 489 2,749 816 1,933 9,274 3,012 2,638 3,625 2,396 374 172 201 402 1,451 640 327 313 539 316 223 271 157 115 137 92 45 34 20 7 6 5.0 11.1 13.0 9.9 7.0 4.3 4.8 5.0 4.6 4.4 5.0 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.4 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 3.8 35,222 2,116 1,237 879 1,747 11,815 4,705 2,229 2,476 3,847 2,098 1,749 3,262 1,577 1,685 5,282 2,079 3,203 14,262 4,074 3,717 6,471 Number Unable to work Other reasons WHITE 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 10 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over 2 2,881 35 14 21 72 1,189 282 123 160 413 176 236 494 236 258 616 299 317 969 224 182 563 24,872 2,721 1,799 922 850 2,915 940 467 472 975 485 490 1,000 446 554 3,702 1,029 2,673 14,685 4,440 4,003 6,242 463 64 51 13 46 144 57 26 32 63 36 27 23 9 14 50 17 33 160 55 41 63 717 300 140 160 240 173 136 95 40 30 21 10 7 7 3 2 1 1 1 1 1,634 23 10 13 44 794 182 73 110 283 115 167 329 156 173 353 177 176 421 133 93 195 14,275 1,437 961 476 455 1,347 398 206 191 425 192 233 524 221 303 2,344 620 1,724 8,693 2,822 2,504 3,366 22,583 508 226 282 1,079 9,617 3,916 1,820 2,095 3,110 1,704 1,405 2,592 1,252 1,340 3,657 1,544 2,113 7,722 2,366 2,130 3,226 795 312 169 143 245 234 147 97 50 58 41 17 29 20 8 4 4 _ _ _ _ 1 1,246 12 4 8 28 395 100 50 50 130 61 69 165 80 85 263 122 141 548 90 89 368 10,597 1,284 838 446 395 1,568 542 261 281 550 293 257 476 224 251 1,358 409 949 5,992 1,618 1,499 2,875 1 - Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over 39 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Age, sex, and race Civilian noninsti" tutional population Not in labor force Unemployed Total Percent of population Employed Number Percent of labor force Total Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Other reasons BLACK 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years , 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over 21,337 2,141 1,066 1,075 2,439 12,111 5,351 2,673 2,677 4,101 2,285 1,815 2,659 1.413 1,246 2,136 1,104 1,031 2,511 926 645 940 13,584 951 370 581 1,725 9,573 4,208 2,081 2,128 3,362 1,855 1,507 2,003 1,104 898 1,049 645 405 286 170 74 41 63.7 44.4 34.8 54.0 70.7 79.0 78.6 77.8 79.5 82.0 81.2 83.0 75.3 78.2 72.1 49.1 58.4 39.3 11.4 18.4 11.5 4.4 12,027 664 246 418 1,374 8,718 3,707 1,799 1,908 3,102 1,697 1,405 1,909 1,033 876 1,014 617 397 257 147 69 41 1,557 287 124 163 351 856 501 281 220 261 158 102 94 72 22 35 28 8 28 23 5 11.5 30.2 33.5 28.1 20.4 8.9 11.9 13.5 10.3 7.7 8.5 6.8 4.7 6.5 2.5 3.4 4.3 1.9 9.9 13.7 (1) (1) 7,753 1,190 695 495 714 2,537 1,143 593 550 738 430 308 657 308 348 1,086 460 627 2,225 756 571 899 3,125 208 83 125 337 1,500 745 369 376 414 253 160 341 169 172 446 210 236 634 232 159 243 490 241 135 106 151 96 70 55 15 20 14 6 6 5 1 1 1 _ 1 _ 1 906 10 5 6 26 361 88 40 49 131 59 72 142 61 81 212 103 109 297 86 67 144 3,232 730 472 258 201 580 238 129 110 174 104 70 168 74 94 428 146 281 1,293 438 344 511 9,584 1,058 546 512 1,114 5,436 2,425 1.214 1,212 1,831 1,021 810 1,179 626 553 963 498 465 1,014 399 284 332 6,793 491 198 293 871 4,741 2,147 1,068 1,079 1,616 892 724 978 546 432 548 333 216 141 78 42 21 70.9 46.4 36.2 57.3 78.3 87.2 88.5 88.0 89.0 88.3 87.3 89.4 83.0 87.2 78.2 56.9 66.8 46.3 13.9 19.6 14.7 6.4 6,022 344 124 220 712 4,310 1,900 926 974 1,474 802 672 936 510 426 531 321 210 126 65 40 21 771 148 74 73 160 431 247 142 105 142 90 52 43 36 7 18 12 6 15 13 2 ~ 11.4 30.0 37.6 25.0 18.3 9.1 11.5 13.3 9.7 8.8 10.1 7.1 4.4 6.6 1.5 3.2 3.6 2.7 10.6 17.0 (1) (1) 2,791 567 348 218 242 694 278 145 133 215 129 86 201 80 121 415 165 250 873 320 242 310 198 38 12 26 25 100 45 17 28 31 15 16 23 15 8 17 12 5 19 10 2 6 241 113 64 49 81 47 37 32 5 10 8 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 463 7 3 4 12 216 55 27 28 77 44 33 84 39 45 124 64 60 103 27 22 55 1,889 409 270 139 125 332 141 69 72 97 62 34 94 26 68 273 89 185 751 283 218 249 11,753 1,083 519 564 1,326 6,675 2,926 1.460 1.466 2.269 1,264 1,005 1,480 786 694 1,173 607 566 1,496 527 361 608 6,791 460 173 287 854 4,832 2,062 1,012 1,049 1,746 963 783 1,024 558 466 501 312 189 144 92 32 20 57.8 42.5 33.2 51.0 64.4 72.4 70.5 69.4 71.6 76.9 76.2 77.9 69.2 71.0 67.2 42.7 51.4 33.4 9.6 17.5 8.9 3.3 6,005 321 123 198 662 4,407 1,807 873 934 1,628 895 733 973 522 451 484 296 188 131 82 29 20 786 139 50 90 191 424 255 139 115 118 68 51 51 36 15 17 16 2 13 10 3 _ 11.6 30.3 28.8 31.2 22.4 8.8 12.3 13.8 11.0 6.8 7.0 6.5 5.0 6.4 3.3 3.5 5.0 .9 9.3 10.9 (1) (1) 4,962 623 347 276 472 1,843 864 447 417 523 301 222 456 228 228 672 295 377 1,352 435 328 588 2,927 170 71 99 312 1,400 700 352 348 383 238 145 318 153 164 428 198 230 616 222 157 237 249 128 71 57 70 49 34 23 11 10 7 3 6 5 1 1 1 _ 1 _ _ 1 443 3 2 1 13 145 33 13 20 53 15 38 59 22 36 88 38 50 194 59 46 89 1,342 321 203 118 77 248 97 59 38 77 42 36 73 48 26 155 58 97 542 155 126 261 Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 40 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Age and sex Civilian noninstitutional population Total 27,711 2,671 1,336 1,335 3,141 16,109 7,009 3,497 3,512 5,480 3,065 2,415 3,620 1,969 1,651 2,705 1,392 1,313 3,085 1,167 805 1,113 17,773 1,166 455 711 2,224 12,666 5,452 2,699 2,753 4,449 2,475 1,974 2,765 1,550 1,216 1,367 833 535 349 215 90 45 64.1 43.7 34.1 53.3 70.8 78.6 77.8 77.2 78.4 81.2 80.7 81.7 76.4 78.7 73.6 50.6 59.8 40.7 11.3 18.4 11.1 4.0 15,958 856 323 533 1,833 11,624 4,872 2,376 2,496 4,118 2,274 1,844 2,634 1,458 1,176 1,323 797 527 321 191 85 44 251 23 17 6 32 146 56 26 30 58 29 29 32 24 8 27 11 17 22 16 3 3 12,604 1,329 691 638 1,461 7,338 3,245 1,622 1,622 2,463 1,375 1,088 1,630 883 748 1,216 620 596 1,261 492 361 408 9,054 603 240 364 1,134 6,411 2,845 1,418 1,427 2,191 1,217 974 1,375 773 602 735 430 305 171 95 51 24 71.8 45.4 34.7 57.0 77.6 87.4 87.7 87.4 88.0 89.0 88.6 89.5 84.3 87.6 80.5 60.5 69.4 51.2 13.5 19.4 14.1 6.0 8,158 445 162 284 955 5,891 2,552 1,251 1,301 2,020 1,115 905 1,319 730 589 712 413 299 156 81 50 24 15,107 1,342 645 697 1,680 8,771 3,764 1,875 1,889 3,017 1,690 1,327 1,990 1,087 903 1,489 772 717 1,825 675 444 705 8,719 563 215 347 1,090 6,255 2,607 1,282 1,326 2,258 1,257 1,000 1,390 776 614 632 402 230 179 120 39 20 57.7 41.9 33.4 49.8 64.9 71.3 69.3 68.3 70.2 74.8 74.4 75.4 69.9 71.4 68.0 42.4 52.1 32.1 9.8 17.8 8.7 2.8 7,799 411 161 250 879 5,733 2,320 1,126 1,195 2,097 1,158 939 1,315 728 587 611 384 228 165 110 35 20 Employed Percent of population Total Unemployed Not in labor force Number Percent of labor force 15,707 833 306 527 1,801 11,478 4,816 2,351 2,466 4,060 2,244 1,815 2,602 1,434 1,168 1,296 786 510 299 175 83 41 1,815 310 132 177 391 1,042 580 323 257 331 201 130 131 91 40 44 36 8 29 24 4 10.2 26.6 29.1 25.0 17.6 8.2 10.6 12.0 9.3 7.4 8.1 6.6 4.7 5.9 3.3 3.2 4.3 1.5 8.2 11.1 5.0 9,938 1,505 881 624 917 3,443 1.557 798 759 1,031 590 441 855 420 435 1,338 560 778 2,736 952 715 1,069 220 19 14 5 27 128 48 21 27 51 25 26 29 22 7 23 8 15 22 17 3 3 7,939 426 147 279 928 5,763 2,503 1,229 1,274 1,969 1,091 879 1.290 708 581 689 405 284 133 65 47 21 158 78 80 179 520 293 167 126 171 102 69 56 43 13 24 18 6 15 14 1 9.9 26.2 32.6 22.0 15.8 8.1 10.3 11.8 8.8 7.8 8.4 7.1 4.1 5,6 2.2 3.2 4.1 1.9 8.8 14.6 3,550 725 451 274 328 927 400 205 195 271 157 114 255 109 146 481 190 291 1,090 396 310 383 31 4 2 1 6 17 7 4 3 7 5 3 3 2 1 4 3 1 7,768 407 159 248 873 5,716 2,313 1,121 1,192 2,090 1,154 937 1,313 726 587 607 381 226 165 110 35 20 920 152 54 98 212 522 287 156 131 160 99 61 75 48 27 21 18 2 13 10 3 10.5 27.0 25.2 28.1 19.4 8.3 11.0 12.2 9.9 7.1 7.9 6.1 5.4 6.2 4.3 3.3 4.6 1.0 7.5 8.4 () 6,388 780 430 350 589 2,516 Agriculture Nonagricultural industries TOTAL 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over V) 1,157 593 564 759 433 327 600 311 289 857 370 487 1.646 555 405 685 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 41 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-6. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Men, 20 years and over Total Employment status and race Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 186,598 125,444 67.2 119,092 3,633 115,460 6,352 5.1 61,155 188,261 126,012 66.9 119,174 3,473 115,702 6,837 5.4 62,250 81,754 64,167 78.5 61,603 2,529 59,074 2,564 4.0 17,587 82,862 64,773 78.2 61,862 2,435 59,427 2,910 4.5 18,090 90,684 52,000 57.3 49,352 682 48,670 2,648 5.1 38,683 91,688 52,974 57.8 50,183 674 49,509 2,791 5.3 38,714 14,160 9,276 65.5 8,137 422 7,715 1,140 12.3 4,884 13,711 8,265 60.3 7,129 364 6,766 1,136 13.7 5,446 159,470 107,597 67.5 102,938 3,407 99,531 4,659 4.3 51,872 160,550 108,238 67.4 103,217 3,222 99,995 5,022 4.6 52,311 70,734 55,766 78.8 53,868 2,370 51,498 1,898 3.4 14,968 71,587 56,322 78.7 54,149 2,235 51,915 2,173 3.9 15,265 77,235 43,886 56.8 41,948 650 41,298 1,938 4.4 33,348 77,923 44,817 57.5 42,795 647 42,148 2,023 4.5 33,106 11,501 7,945 69.1 7,122 388 6,734 823 10.4 3,556 11,040 7,099 64.3 6,273 340 5,933 826 11.6 3,941 21,060 13,694 65.0 12,197 184 12,013 1,497 10.9 7,366 21,337 13,584 63.7 12,027 171 11,856 1,557 11.5 7,753 8,384 6,263 74.7 5,686 133 5,553 578 9.2 2,120 8,526 6,302 73.9 5,678 137 5,541 624 9.9 2,224 10,503 6,338 60.3 5,710 21 5,689 628 9.9 4,165 10,670 6,331 59.3 5,684 17 5,668 646 10.2 4,339 2,173 1,092 50.3 801 30 771 291 26.6 1,081 2,141 951 44.4 664 17 647 287 30.2 1,190 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force White Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force Black Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Agriculture Nonagricuitural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force 42 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Employment status, years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional population Employed Total Percent of population Total Full time1 Unemployed Part time1 Looking for full-time work Total Looking for part-time work Percent of labor force TOTAL ENROLLED Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 4,879 2,644 2,235 2,713 1,306 1,407 55.6 49.4 62.9 2,435 1,127 1,308 1,139 410 729 1,296 717 579 278 179 99 93 44 49 185 135 50 10.2 13.7 7.1 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 1,520 3,359 2,704 656 645 2,067 1,514 553 42.4 61.5 56.0 84.4 511 1,923 1,398 525 128 1,010 679 331 383 913 719 194 134 144 116 28 26 67 47 20 108 76 69 8 20.8 7.0 7.6 5.1 Men, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 2,454 1,342 1,112 1,407 698 709 57.4 52.0 63.8 1,265 599 665 609 208 401 655 391 264 143 99 44 47 24 23 96 75 21 10.1 14.2 6.2 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 821 1,633 1,328 305 389 1,018 750 268 47.4 62.4 56.5 87.8 306 958 704 254 66 543 378 165 240 415 325 90 83 60 47 13 16 31 23 8 67 29 24 5 21.3 5.9 6.2 5.0 Women, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 2,425 1,302 1,124 1,305 607 698 53.8 46.7 62.1 1,170 528 642 530 202 328 640 326 315 135 80 55 46 20 26 89 60 29 10.4 13.1 7.9 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 699 1,726 1,376 350 256 1,049 764 285 36.6 60.8 55.5 81.5 205 965 694 271 62 467 301 167 142 498 394 104 51 84 69 15 10 36 24 12 41 48 45 3 20.1 8.0 9.1 5.1 3,828 2,051 1,777 2,299 1,111 1,187 60.1 54.2 66.8 2,105 975 1,130 1,001 371 630 1,104 603 500 194 137 57 59 35 24 135 102 33 8.4 12.3 4.8 Men Women 1,903 1,925 1,183 1,116 62.2 58.0 1,078 1,027 535 466 542 561 105 89 30 28 75 60 8.9 8.0 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 1,127 2,701 2,175 525 529 1,769 1,312 457 47.0 65.5 60.3 87.0 431 1,673 1,233 440 112 890 610 280 320 784 624 160 98 96 79 17 19 40 30 10 79 56 49 7 18.5 5.4 6.0 3.7 782 476 306 309 165 144 39.5 34.6 47.1 236 126 110 94 30 63 142 96 46 73 39 35 31 8 23 42 31 *2 23.7 23.4 24.0 Men Women 406 377 170 139 42.0 36.8 137 99 49 45 88 54 34 39 16 15 17 25 19.9 28.5 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 320 462 367 95 99 210 134 77 30.8 45.5 36.4 80.8 64 172 106 66 12 82 41 41 52 90 65 25 35 39 28 11 6 25 14 11 29 14 14 35.2 18.3 20.8 14.1 379 240 139 182 80 102 48.2 33.5 73.6 165 70 95 82 23 59 83 47 36 17 11 7 5 3 2 13 8 5 9.5 13.3 6.5 Men Women 179 200 111 71 62.2 35.7 103 62 42 40 61 22 9 9 1 4 8 5 7.7 (2) High school College Full-time students Part-time students 204 175 115 60 73 110 59 50 35.8 62.5 51.6 (2) 62 103 53 50 19 64 31 33 43 39 23 17 11 6 6 1 1 4 4 10 3 2 1 (2) 5.8 (2) (2) White Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Black Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Hispanic origin Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years See footnotes at end of table. 43 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Employment status, years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional population Employed Total Percent of population Total Full time1 Unemployed Part time1 Total Looking for full-time work Looking for part-time work Percent of labor force TOTAL NOT ENROLLED 26,640 11,067 15,573 19,912 6,959 12,953 74.7 62.9 83.2 17,862 6,002 11,859 13,395 3,183 10,212 4,466 2,819 1,647 2,051 957 1,093 1,481 537 944 570 421 149 10.3 13.8 8.4 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 9,384 10,118 5,319 1,819 5,445 8,366 4,406 1,695 58.0 82.7 82.8 93.2 4,538 7,568 4,181 1,574 2,532 6,175 3,270 1,419 2,006 1,394 911 155 908 798 225 120 545 664 164 108 362 134 61 13 16.7 9.5 5.1 7.1 Men, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 13,109 5,560 7,549 10,494 3,654 6,840 80.0 65.7 90.6 9,447 3,142 6,305 7,530 1,831 5,699 1,916 1,311 605 1,047 512 535 770 295 475 277 216 60 10.0 14.0 7.8 4,910 4,977 2,429 793 3,252 4,454 2,052 736 66.2 89.5 84.5 92.7 2,742 4,064 1,958 684 1,786 3,509 1,595 641 956 555 363 43 510 390 94 52 315 348 63 44 196 42 31 8 15.7 8.8 4.6 7.1 13,531 5,507 8,024 9,418 3,305 6,113 69.6 60.0 76.2 8,415 2,860 5,555 5,865 1,352 4,513 2,550 1,508 1,042 1,004 445 558 711 241 470 293 204 89 10.7 13.5 9.1 4,473 5,141 2,891 1,026 2.193 3,912 2,354 959 49.0 76.1 81.4 93.5 1,796 3,505 2,224 891 746 2,666 1,675 778 1,050 839 548 113 397 407 131 68 231 316 101 64 167 91 30 5 18.1 10.4 5.6 7.1 21,879 8,989 12,890 16,936 5,988 10,948 77.4 66.6 84.9 15,502 5,298 10,203 11,635 2,834 8,802 3,866 2,465 1,402 1,434 690 744 1,032 389 643 402 300 102 8.5 11.5 6.8 10,870 11,009 8,981 7,955 82.6 72.3 8,233 7,268 6,589 5,046 1,644 2,222 747 686 547 485 201 202 8.3 8.6 7,455 8,281 4,512 1,632 4,625 7,013 3,775 1,523 62.0 84.7 83.7 93.3 3,997 6,464 3,619 1,423 2,257 5,272 2,823 1,284 1,740 1,192 796 138 628 549 157 100 373 460 110 89 255 89 47 11 13.6 7.8 4.1 6.6 3,798 1.665 2,133 2,367 786 1,581 62.3 47.2 74.1 1,802 538 1,265 1,315 246 1,069 488 292 196 565 248 316 420 141 280 144 108 37 23.9 31.6 20.0 Men Women 1,766 2,032 1,192 1,175 67.5 57.8 919 884 703 612 215 272 274 291 204 216 69 75 22.9 24.8 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 1,560 1,554 573 111 663 1,137 459 108 42.5 73.2 80.1 97.4 404 902 399 96 185 725 312 93 219 177 88 3 259 235 59 12 163 196 50 12 97 39 9 39.1 20.6 12.9 10.9 3,054 1,192 1,862 2,162 684 1,479 70.8 57.3 79.4 1,910 569 1,340 1,551 376 1,174 359 193 166 253 114 138 204 81 123 48 33 15 11.7 16.7 9.3 Men Women 1,588 1,466 1,322 840 83.3 57.3 1,165 744 998 553 168 192 157 95 124 80 33 15 11.9 11.4 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 1,756 969 282 47 1,117 784 220 41 63.6 80.9 77.9 (*) 971 699 199 40 772 594 148 36 199 105 51 5 146 85 21 1 113 74 17 1 33 11 4 13.1 10.8 9.4 (2) Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more Women, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Men Women Less than 4 years of high school, 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more Black Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Hispanic origin Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 1 Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and 44 college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age (Numbers in thousands) Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Total Veteran status and age Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Employed Unemployed Percent of labor force Number Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS Total, 35 years and over 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years 50 years and over 7,471 6,482 1,702 3,291 1,489 989 7,658 6,513 1,382 3,283 1,848 1,145 6,827 6,165 1,598 3,157 1,409 662 6,957 6,155 1,310 3,104 1,741 803 6,625 5,973 1,521 3,086 1,366 652 6,698 5,922 1,242 2,996 1,684 776 202 192 77 72 43 10 259 232 67 108 57 27 3.0 3.1 4.8 2.3 3.1 1.5 3.7 3.8 5.2 3.5 3.3 3.3 16,309 7,487 4,714 4,108 17,479 8,016 5,256 4,207 15,262 7,094 4,382 3,786 16,340 7,597 4,885 3,859 14,763 6,849 4,230 3,685 15,771 7,321 4,727 3,722 499 245 152 101 570 276 157 137 3.3 3.5 3.5 2.7 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.5 NONVETERANS Total, 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. 45 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race (In thousands) August 1990 Employed Unemployed Part time Full time Sex, age, and race Total Full-time schedules1 Part time for economic reasons, usually work full time Total Voluntary1 Part time for economic reasons, usually work part time Looking for full-time work Looking for part-time work 5,477 581 131 450 4,897 993 3,903 3,538 365 1,360 555 379 176 804 199 605 474 131 TOTAL 100,875 3,593 828 2,765 97,282 10,941 86,341 75,333 11,008 98,846 3,435 794 2,641 95,411 10,614 84,797 74,002 10,795 2,029 158 35 123 1,871 327 1,544 1,331 213 18,299 3,536 1,959 1,577 14,763 2,226 12,537 8,690 3,847 14,960 2,746 1,600 1,146 12,214 1,649 10,565 7,065 3,500 3,339 790 359 431 2,549 577 1,972 1,626 346 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 59,810 2,039 57,771 6,100 51,670 44,681 6,990 58,677 1,965 56,712 5,920 50,792 43,935 6,857 1,133 74 1,059 180 879 746 133 5,794 1,702 4,092 869 3,222 1,657 1,566 4,385 1,304 3,082 623 2,459 1,056 1,403 1,409 399 1,010 247 763 600 163 2,988 319 2,669 498 2,171 1,933 238 533 291 241 81 160 106 54 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 41,065 1,554 39,511 4,841 34,671 30,652 4,019 40,169 1,470 38,699 4,694 34,005 30,067 3,938 896 84 812 146 665 585 80 12,505 1,834 10,671 1,357 9,315 7,034 2,281 10,575 1,442 9,132 1,026 8,106 6,009 2,097 1,931 391 1,539 330 1,209 1,025 183 2,489 261 2,228 496 1,732 1,605 127 827 264 563 118 445 368 78 52,480 1,836 50,644 5,288 45,355 39,077 6,278 51,568 1,776 49,792 5,145 44,647 38,489 6,157 912 60 852 143 708 588 121 4,965 1,460 3,505 726 2,779 1,369 1,410 3,821 1,118 2,703 532 2,171 898 1,273 1,144 341 802 195 608 471 137 2,209 239 1,970 339 1,632 1,430 202 416 214 202 61 141 89 52 34,607 1,369 33,239 4,143 29,096 25,594 3,501 33,848 1,292 32,556 4,025 28,531 25,100 3,431 759 77 683 118 565 494 71 11,164 1,608 9,556 1,175 8,380 6,359 2,022 9,579 1,276 8,304 900 7,404 5,533 1,871 1,584 332 1,252 276 977 826 151 1,786 185 1,601 328 1,273 1,169 104 610 188 422 74 348 282 66 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 5,408 143 5,266 610 4,656 4,119 537 5,221 130 5,091 580 4,511 3,986 525 187 13 174 30 145 133 12 614 201 413 102 311 191 120 405 152 253 58 195 94 101 209 49 160 44 116 98 19 670 75 595 146 449 419 30 102 73 29 14 15 12 2 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 4,953 134 4,819 522 4,297 3,898 398 4,836 128 4,708 496 4,212 3,823 389 117 6 111 26 84 75 9 1,052 187 865 140 725 509 216 774 139 635 93 542 349 194 278 48 230 47 183 161 22 612 74 538 157 381 360 21 174 66 108 34 74 65 10 Total, 16 years and over .... 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over White Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Black 55 years and over Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according 46 to whether they usually work full or part time. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Civilian labor force Not in labor force Unemployed Family relationship Total Percent of population Employed Percent of Number labor force Total Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Other reasons Total, 16 years and over1 100,969 67.6 95,413 5,556 5.5 48,334 21,982 1,942 2,714 21,696 Husbands With employed wife With unemployed wife With wife not in labor force 40,139 26,126 1,185 12,828 78.2 91.9 93.6 59.3 38,950 25,427 1,077 12,446 1,190 699 109 382 3.0 2.7 9.2 3.0 11,189 2,317 81 8,791 196 82 5 110 136 66 3 66 1,047 377 8 661 9,810 1,791 65 7,954 Wives With employed husband With unemployed husband With husband not in labor force 29,709 26,504 808 2,398 57.9 68.0 67.9 21.4 28,443 25,427 699 2,317 1,266 1,077 109 81 4.3 4.1 13.4 3.4 21,619 12,446 382 8,791 16,571 10,633 335 5,604 144 114 5 25 454 174 14 266 4,450 1,525 28 2,896 Relatives in married-couple families 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 14,067 5,422 4,943 3,699 70.0 62.5 81.4 69.3 12,790 4,814 4,557 3,419 1,276 609 387 280 9.1 11.2 7.8 7.6 6,025 3,255 1,130 1,640 861 283 149 429 1,031 587 396 48 379 21 45 313 3,754 2,364 540 850 Women who maintain families 6,913 61.8 6,301 612 8.9 4,265 2,981 113 248 923 Relatives in families maintained by women 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 5,817 1,467 1,611 2,738 61.9 50.6 77.3 62.0 4,921 1,131 1,352 2,438 896 337 259 300 15.4 23.0 16.1 11.0 3,586 1,434 474 1,678 929 239 135 555 411 262 103 46 409 21 23 365 1,836 912 212 712 Men who maintain families 2,505 80.9 2,376 129 5.1 590 42 20 81 447 Relatives in families maintained by men .... 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 1,819 357 506 956 63.2 58.8 78.9 58.7 1,632 297 454 881 187 60 52 75 10.3 16.7 10.3 7.8 1,060 251 135 674 402 48 41 313 87 33 27 27 96 5 11 80 474 166 57 251 1 Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies. NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data. 47 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex Men Marital status, race, and age Thousands of persons Women Unemployment rates Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 1,771 4.6 2.7 5.7 8.1 2,331 909 314 1,109 2,625 1,054 331 1,240 Black, 16 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 722 195 96 431 Total, 25 years and over Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Total, 16 years and over Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 3,157 1,147 3,521 419 1,298 452 1,590 White, 16 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) Thousands of persons Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 5.1 3.1 5.9 9.1 3,195 1,304 686 1,205 3.9 2.4 5.2 6.8 4.4 2.8 5.2 7.7 771 178 106 488 10.5 6.1 9.5 16.3 11.4 5.7 10.0 18.7 1,908 1,056 370 482 2,331 439 679 3.4 2.6 5.2 5.4 White, 25 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 1,428 833 277 317 1,773 996 319 457 Black, 25 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 419 464 155 105 203 48 183 84 153 1,213 Unemployment rates Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 3,316 1,347 709 1,260 5.7 4.4 6.2 7.9 5.8 4.4 6.2 8.5 2,328 2,396 1,098 488 742 1,135 498 763 4.9 4.1 5.5 6.1 5.0 4.2 5.4 6.5 775 170 179 425 786 129 191 466 11.3 7.2 9.4 16.4 11.6 5.6 9.6 18.5 4.1 3.0 5.9 7.2 2,092 2,177 1,097 631 364 1,171 643 364 4.7 3.9 5.9 5.6 4.7 4.1 5.8 5.5 2.9 2.3 4.7 4.3 3.6 2.8 5.2 6.0 1,556 922 444 190 1,621 989 442 190 4.1 3.8 5.2 3.9 4.1 3.9 5.0 3.9 7.8 6.0 8.4 11.8 8.5 5.2 10.1 473 143 169 161 455 108 182 165 8.8 6.5 9.1 8.3 14.6 12.0 5.1 9.3 11.7 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex Thousands of persons Occupation Jnemployment rates Total Aug. Men Total 1989 Aug. 1990 6,352 Women Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. Aug. 1989 1990 6,837 5.1 5.4 4.6 5.1 5.7 5.8 642 317 325 807 364 443 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.6 2.4 2.8 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.2 2.8 3.4 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical 1,494 1,681 134 646 901 3.9 2.2 4.4 3.9 4.4 3.4 4.4 4.7 2.9 2.1 2.7 4.0 3.7 4.1 2.8 5.1 4.4 2.2 6.1 3.9 4.8 2.7 6.0 4.5 Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 1,104 1,105 36 73 997 6.4 6.7 3.6 6.9 6.4 4.1 3.3 7.0 6.0 6.2 67 80 958 0 0 3.3 7.2 6.7 6.9 6.1 6.7 6.5 3.8 3.0 6.9 659 132 317 211 772 178 377 217 4.5 2.8 5.6 4.8 5.3 3.8 6.6 5.1 4.3 2.7 5.5 4.2 5.1 3.9 6.6 4.2 7.0 6.1 8.8 6.9 7.1 2.7 6.5 8.0 1,490 682 297 512 147 366 1,467 715 250 503 146 357 7.5 7.6 5.7 9.1 14.8 7.9 7.4 7.8 4.9 9.0 14.2 7.8 6.8 6.0 5.7 8.8 14.5 7.4 7.0 7.0 4.7 9.1 14.0 7.8 9.5 9.7 5.8 10.4 8.7 9.0 7.0 8.1 O O Farming, forestry, and fishing 218 223 5.1 5.3 4.7 4.6 6.8 8.5 No previous work experience 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 712 486 123 103 756 523 133 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Total, 16 years and over Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Precision production, craft, and repair Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 1 83 658 753 3.0 7.1 10.0 7.6 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 49 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex Thousands of persons Industry Total Unemployment rates Total Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 6,352 Men Women Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 6,837 5.1 5.4 4.6 5.1 5.7 5.8 4,763 5,122 5.1 5.4 4.6 5.2 5.6 5.7 43 507 34 547 5.6 7.8 4.5 8.6 5.8 7.8 3.8 8.6 4.8 7.4 9.2 8.5 Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products ..... Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies Transportation equipment Automobiles Other transportation equipment Professional and photographic equipment Other durable goods industries Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Other nondurable goods industries 1,107 1,220 739 46 35 28 27 107 4.9 4.7 5.1 4.1 4.7 5.0 5.8 3.7 4.8 5.4 7.2 3.7 3.3 4.3 5.3 6.4 4.5 9.1 3.8 3.3 2.9 7.0 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.9 4.9 3.9 2.9 7.7 4.9 5.8 5.6 8.5 3.3 4.7 10.4 5.3 6.2 4.7 8.7 3.2 4.4 3.3 5.7 5.0 4.0 3.9 5.9 2.9 4.0 5.1 4.3 2.8 3.8 4.2 5.6 2.9 4.3 1.4 4.3 5.8 2.7 9.0 2.6 3.0 2.3 5.9 5.3 4.7 4.8 5.2 3.8 3.6 2.6 6.2 4.6 5.1 4.8 7.3 2.6 2.4 12.6 4.4 5.8 3.5 9.7 1.6 4.2 2.2 4.8 6.3 6.8 6.9 .5 7.2 7.5 4.4 9.8 6.7 6.3 9.8 13.2 6.7 2.0 7.2 6.7 7.7 6.6 9.1 7.1 3.7 4.0 9.1 7.0 7.1 7.6 9.5 7.2 4.6 5.0 12.3 5.9 6.8 8.7 12.8 5.5 7.7 9.3 6.5 6.9 6.1 8.4 8.6 4.6 5.8 7.5 3.2 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communications and other public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Service industries Professional services Other service industries 224 172 52 1,401 189 3.5 4.5 1.9 5.8 4.3 6.2 2.5 4.9 3.4 6.7 3.7 4.9 2.1 6.1 4.5 6.4 2.6 5.2 3.7 7.1 3.3 4.6 1.2 4.7 3.5 5.0 2.0 4.7 2.8 6.1 3.7 4.9 1.8 5.3 3.9 5.8 2.0 5.4 3.0 7.1 3.8 4.3 3.3 7.1 6.0 7.2 2.7 5.0 3.6 7.2 3.9 4.9 2.9 6.9 6.0 7.0 2.9 5.2 4.0 7.2 7.6 2.5 8.1 2.8 6.7 2.2 6.9 2.5 10.9 2.9 12.0 3.1 Total, 16 years and over Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers Mining Construction Agricultural wage and salary workers Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers No previous work experience 50 616 40 27 33 45 80 102 99 146 92 54 21 23 491 127 34 115 30 63 37 62 25 1,212 185 1,297 490 807 161 716 712 126 128 149 102 47 34 59 481 125 35 106 23 79 46 46 19 244 185 59 1,464 211 1,254 188 1,424 566 858 168 792 756 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race (Numbers in thousands) Total unemployed Reason for unemployment Women, 20 years and over Men, 20 years and over Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 6,352 2,766 736 2,030 1,122 1,814 650 6,837 3,145 824 2,320 1,078 1,935 680 2,564 1,600 414 1,185 385 500 79 2,910 1,821 436 1,384 425 594 71 2,648 971 282 689 504 1,035 138 2,791 1,107 349 758 489 1,069 125 1,140 196 39 157 233 278 433 100.0 43.5 11.6 32.0 17.7 28.6 10.2 100.0 46.0 12.1 33.9 15.8 28.3 100.0 62.4 16.2 46.2 15.0 19.5 3.1 100.0 62.6 15.0 47.6 14.6 20.4 2.4 100.0 36.7 10.7 26.0 19.0 39.1 5.2 100.0 39.7 12.5 27.2 17.5 38.3 4.5 2.2 .9 1.4 .5 2.5 .9 1.5 .5 2.5 .6 .8 .1 2.8 .7 .9 .1 1.9 1.0 2.0 .3 2.1 .9 2.0 .2 Aug. 1990 White Black Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 1,136 217 39 178 164 271 484 4,659 2,066 606 1,460 924 1,237 433 5,022 2,386 697 1,688 830 1,348 459 1,497 628 114 514 167 505 197 1,557 662 113 549 208 494 194 100.0 17.2 3.4 13.8 20.4 24.4 38.0 100.0 19.1 3.4 15.7 14.4 23.9 42.6 100.0 44.3 13.0 31.3 19.8 26.5 9.3 100.0 47.5 13.9 33.6 16.5 26.8 9.1 100.0 41.9 7.6 34.3 11.1 33.8 13.2 100.0 42.5 7.3 35.2 13.3 31.7 12.5 2.1 2.5 3.0 4.7 2.6 2.0 3.3 5.9 1.9 .9 1.1 .4 2.2 .8 1.2 .4 4.6 1.2 3.7 1.4 4.9 1.5 3.6 1.4 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 51 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment (Percent distribution) August 1990 Total unemployed Duration of unemployment Reason, sex, and age 15 weeks and over Total, 16 years and over.... Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Men, 20 years and over Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Women, 20 years and over Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 100.0 47.2 32.1 20.7 9.9 10.8 3,145 824 2,320 1,078 1,935 680 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 41.1 52.2 37.2 56.8 51.8 46.8 33.0 32.6 33.1 25.4 30.3 44.3 25.9 15.2 29.7 17.8 18.0 8.8 12.8 9.0 14.1 9.3 8.0 2.4 13.1 6.2 15.6 8.5 9.9 6.5 2,910 100.0 39.9 30.8 29.3 12.7 16.7 1,821 436 1,384 425 594 71 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 36.6 52.5 31.6 45.9 46.0 32.4 31.0 32.8 30.8 24.9 31.0 16.6 35.6 23.2 29.1 14.3 8.8 16.0 9.7 10.6 16.7 7.8 19.6 13.5 18.5 0 0 0 2,791 100.0 51.2 31.2 17.6 9.8 7.8 1,107 349 758 489 1,069 125 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 42.8 49.4 39.7 60.3 55.2 56.6 36.0 35.0 36.4 23.8 29.6 30.8 21.2 15.6 23.8 16.0 15.3 12.6 11.4 3.9 9.8 5.3 11.9 5.2 6.9 8.8 1,136 100.0 56.0 37.9 6.1 2.8 3.3 217 39 178 164 271 484 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 70.8 22.3 6.9 6.9 Thousands of persons Percent 6,837 Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 1 0 0 0 0 69.9 74.3 50.9 46.1 21.0 16.5 44.7 48.3 15 to 26 weeks Total 10.3 12.0 10.8 8.4 0 9.1 9.2 4.4 5.6 27 weeks and over 0 0 8.4 4.0 1.0 1.5 .7 5.2 3.3 4.1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment Full-time workers Total Duration of unemployment Total 16 years and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 5 to 10 weeks 11 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks. . 27 weeks and over 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over Averaoe (mean) duration in weeks Median duration in weeks 52 Thousands of persons Percent distribution Thousands of persons Percent distribution Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 6,352 6,837 100.0 100.0 5,161 5,477 100.0 100.0 3,022 2,152 1,599 554 1,178 612 566 255 311 3,225 2,197 1,563 634 1,414 674 741 349 392 47.6 33.9 25.2 8.7 18.5 9.6 8.9 4.0 4.9 47.2 32.1 22.9 9.3 20.7 9.9 10.8 5.1 5.7 2,248 1,816 1,324 491 1,097 565 532 240 292 2,410 1,780 1,228 552 1,288 617 671 321 350 43.6 35.2 25.7 9.5 21.3 10.9 10.3 4.7 5.7 44.0 32.5 22.4 10.1 23.5 11.3 12.2 5.9 6.4 11.3 5.0 12.1 5.2 12.5 5.9 13.2 6.1 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-17. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment Thousands of persons Sex, age, race, and marital status Total Less 5 to 14 15 to 26 than weeks weeks 5 weeks Percent of unemployed in group Weeks 27 weeks and over Average (mean) duration Median duration August 1990 Unemployed less than 5 weeks Unemployed 15 weeks and over Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 6,837 1,136 1,193 1,991 1,329 691 369 127 3,225 636 638 963 519 266 152 50 2,197 431 391 613 430 193 105 35 674 32 91 217 189 98 37 11 741 37 72 199 191 135 75 32 12.1 7.0 8.6 11.6 15.1 18.6 17.3 19.7 5.2 4.0 4.2 4.9 7.1 8.7 6.7 6.7 47.6 55.4 52.9 47.6 43.3 39.2 33.5 43.4 47.2 56.0 53.5 48.4 39.1 38.4 41.3 39.2 18.5 5.1 12.5 20.5 24.9 30.6 30.4 21.4 20.7 6.1 13.6 20.9 28.6 33.7 30.2 33.4 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 3,521 611 579 1,064 630 345 212 80 1,491 331 288 450 212 108 71 31 1,130 233 180 344 193 99 59 23 387 18 55 139 95 49 23 7 513 28 57 132 129 90 58 19 14.5 7.6 10.8 13.4 19.1 22.6 20.8 19.1 6.5 4.1 4.6 6.3 9.0 10.6 9.5 6.6 42.9 53.1 46.5 44.3 35.7 30.7 31.6 22.6 4.9 16.4 24.5 30.3 39.6 40.5 0 42.3 54.2 49.7 42.3 33.7 31.2 33.7 38.2 25.6 7.7 19.3 25.4 35.6 40.2 38.5 32.9 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 3,316 525 614 927 700 346 157 47 1,734 305 351 513 307 158 81 19 1,068 198 212 269 237 94 46 12 287 13 36 78 94 49 13 4 227 9 15 67 62 45 17 12 9.7 6.2 6.5 9.6 11.4 14.6 12.6 4.3 3.9 3.9 4.1 5.8 6.2 4.4 52.2 58.0 60.4 50.3 50.1 47.3 36.1 52.3 58.1 57.2 55.4 43.9 45.6 51.4 14.5 5.4 8.0 17.2 20.0 22.0 16.5 O 0 0 0 0 0 White, 16 years and over Men Women 5,022 2,625 2,396 2,492 1,175 1,317 1,554 820 734 490 284 206 485 346 140 11.4 13.6 9.1 4.6 5.8 4.1 49.4 45.0 53.9 49.6 44.8 55.0 17.8 22.2 13.3 19.4 24.0 14.4 Black, 16 years and over Men Women 1,557 771 786 604 260 344 575 279 296 157 86 71 222 146 75 14.2 17.1 11.3 7.0 8.4 5.7 41.9 35.6 47.7 38.8 33.8 43.7 21.0 23.6 18.6 24.3 30.1 18.6 Men, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 1,298 452 1,771 513 153 825 391 157 583 168 60 159 227 83 204 16.2 17.4 12.5 7.4 8.2 5.4 37.8 37.0 48.2 39.5 33.8 46.6 31.1 31.0 14.3 30.4 31.6 20.5 Women, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 1,347 709 1,260 725 352 658 412 208 447 126 69 92 84 80 64 9.5 12.3 8.4 4.2 4.6 4.3 56.9 42.4 52.5 53.8 49.6 52.2 13.6 19.0 12.9 15.6 21.0 12.3 1 O 15.5 4.2 8.3 15.6 22.3 27.2 19.2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 53 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment Thousands of persons Occupation and industry Total Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks weeks Percent of unemployed in group Weeks 27 weeks and over Average (mean) duration Median duration August 1990 Unemployed Unemployed less than 15 weeks and over 5 weeks Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 OCCUPATION Managerial and professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Service occupations Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 807 1,681 1,105 331 827 575 357 641 117 275 522 327 198 481 72 96 177 88 115 156 20 105 156 115 103 189 14 13.5 11.2 10.9 14.1 13.9 9.9 6.5 4.7 4.3 5.4 6.2 4.3 39.4 50.1 51.3 43.6 44.9 56.4 41.0 49.2 52.0 46.2 43.7 52.5 24.1 16.7 17.7 24.0 21.6 17.0 24.9 19.8 18.4 28.2 23.5 15.2 1,471 1,929 206 93 274 501 303 198 89 718 942 104 42 163 386 231 155 103 475 598 63 18 63 174 112 62 43 128 199 13 15 64 162 96 66 39 151 188 26 10.6 12.2 13.9 14.1 13.4 16.2 11.3 11.7 13.3 4.1 5.0 6.7 6.5 7.0 8.2 4.8 5.1 4.4 57.1 48.7 40.6 36.1 46.2 40.2 47.6 51.0 42.4 55.4 48.6 41.0 40.8 41.2 32.6 48.8 48.8 50.5 13.7 22.7 27.5 27.5 27.4 28.1 15.5 15.9 32.9 19.6 22.5 27.4 27.9 26.7 30.0 18.9 20.1 18.9 756 368 317 21 50 9.5 4.8 50.3 48.7 8.7 9.4 772 1,467 223 INDUSTRY1 Agriculture Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Public administration No previous work experience 1 Includes wage and salary workers only. 54 168 564 1,222 742 480 273 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used August 1990 Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers Thousands of persons Sex, age, and race Total unemployed Total jobseekers Public employment agency Private employment agency Employer directly Placed or answered ads Friends or relatives Other Average number of methods used Total, 16 years and over .... 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 6,837 1,136 1,193 1,991 1,329 691 369 127 5,828 1,082 1,074 1,674 1,096 544 259 99 22.2 10.3 25.6 24.2 24.9 27.2 25.6 17.0 7.8 2.5 7.7 9.6 9.5 8.5 11.3 4.4 72.9 82.9 72.1 70.9 69.8 70.1 71.5 58.1 41.8 30.6 42.4 46.7 43.4 44.7 41.7 38.9 20.0 17.6 17.6 21.0 20.9 23.1 24.3 18.2 4.8 1.6 4.6 5.0 6.1 5.8 6.0 15.0 1.69 1.45 1.70 1.77 1.75 1.79 1.81 1.52 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 3,521 611 579 1,064 630 345 212 80 2,984 576 512 874 533 275 151 63 22.5 8.4 23.0 26.3 28.5 27.1 24.7 7.6 1.7 7.7 9.9 8.9 6.7 15.7 72.7 84.6 76.7 68.8 67.7 67.1 71.9 22.0 17.5 23.3 22.4 22.8 30.3 16.2 1.71 1.42 1.75 1.79 1.78 1.84 1.75 O O 0 5.3 1.5 5.1 4.9 6.8 7.7 7.9 O 0 40.5 28.4 39.3 46.4 43.1 45.4 39.0 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 3,316 525 614 927 700 346 157 47 2,844 506 563 800 563 269 109 35 21.9 12.5 28.0 21.8 21.4 27.2 27.0 8.0 3.4 7.6 9.3 10.0 10.3 5.4 73.1 80.9 67.9 73.3 71.7 73.1 71.0 43.1 33.1 45.2 47.0 43.7 44.0 45.5 17.9 17.7 12.4 19.4 19.1 15.6 35.5 O 0 White, 16 years and over... Men Women 5,022 2,625 2,396 4,158 2,170 1,988 21.5 22.7 20.2 8.2 8.0 8.4 74.8 73.8 75.9 Black, 16 years and over ... Men Women 1,557 771 786 1,433 697 735 24.1 20.9 27.1 6.5 6.1 6.9 69.3 70.0 68.7 1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within 0 0 0 4.3 1.7 4.2 5.0 5.5 3.8 3.5 1.68 1.49 1.65 1.76 1.71 1.74 1.88 O O O 43.0 42.1 44.0 20.0 21.5 18.3 5.1 5.6 4.5 1.72 1.74 1.71 37.0 33.4 40.4 19.3 23.0 15.7 3.6 3.7 3.5 1.60 1.57 1.62 O 30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The percent using each method will always total more than 100 because many jobseekers use more than one method. A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used August 1990 Thousands of persons Sex and reason Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers Public employment agency Private employment agency 5,828 2,288 1,029 1,843 669 22.2 29.4 19.5 18.3 12.5 3,521 1,964 513 731 313 2,984 1,478 494 705 307 3,316 1,181 564 1,203 368 2,844 809 535 1,138 362 Total unemployed Total jobseekers Total, 16 years and over.... Job losers1 Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 6,837 3,145 1,078 1,935 680 Men, 16 years and over Job losers1 Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Women, 16 years and over Job losers1 Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Employer directly Friends or relatives Other 7.8 8.3 7.4 8.6 4.4 72.9 74.0 75.4 69.1 75.7 41.8 43.5 44.7 42.6 28.9 20.0 23.6 16.0 17.5 20.4 4.8 4.1 3.5 6.3 5.1 1.69 1.83 1.67 1.62 1.47 22.5 27.6 14.4 23.2 9.1 7.6 8.1 7.7 8.5 3.3 72.7 73.3 77.2 66.0 77.8 40.5 42.9 40.0 40.1 30.6 22.0 24.1 17.3 21.4 20.3 5.3 5.2 3.3 7.2 4.3 1.71 1.81 1.60 1.66 1.45 21.9 32.7 24.3 15.2 15.3 8.0 8.6 7.1 8.7 5.4 73.1 75.2 73.7 71.0 74.0 43.1 44.8 49.0 44.1 27.6 17.9 22.8 14.8 15.2 20.5 4.3 1.9 3.8 5.7 5.8 1.68 1.86 1.73 1.60 1.49 1 Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used exclude persons on layoff. NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within Average number of methods used Placed or answered ads 30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The percent using each method will always total more than 100 because many jobseekers use more than one method. 55 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex (In thousands) Men Total Industry and age All industries 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over , Agriculture 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over Nonagricultural industries 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years , 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 56 Women Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 119,092 8,137 3,261 4,875 13,631 82,671 34,061 29,390 19,220 11,372 6,780 4,593 3,281 119,174 7,129 2,787 4,342 13,167 84,023 33,768 30,460 19,795 11,480 6,858 4,622 3,375 65,912 4,308 1,789 2,519 7,142 46,002 19,202 65,604 3,742 1,477 2,264 6,970 46,337 53,570 3,388 1,310 2,077 16,111 10,689 16,629 6,516 3,895 2,621 1,944 6,589 3,896 2,693 1,966 53,180 3,828 1,472 2,356 6,489 36,670 14,859 13,280 8,531 4,857 2,885 3,633 422 240 182 452 1,985 861 664 460 492 260 233 282 3,473 364 177 187 419 1,957 823 691 443 433 238 195 301 2,891 362 218 144 378 1,500 683 489 327 401 205 195 251 2,743 308 153 155 344 1,476 635 509 331 339 179 161 276 115,460 7,715 3,022 4,693 13,179 80,686 33,199 28,727 18,760 10,880 6,520 4,360 2,999 115,702 6,766 2,610 4,155 12,748 82,067 32,945 29,769 19,352 11,048 6,620 4,427 3,074 63,020 3,946 62,861 3,433 1,571 2,375 6,764 44,502 1,324 2,110 6,626 18,519 15,622 10,362 6,115 3,690 2,425 1,693 18,841 10,868 44,862 18,206 16,120 10,537 6,250 3,717 2,532 1,690 6,197 37,686 14,927 13,831 8,927 4,891 2,962 1,972 1,336 1,929 741 59 729 55 24 32 74 21 38 74 485 1,409 481 178 175 133 92 54 38 31 187 182 52,439 3,769 52,841 3,332 1,451 1,287 2,046 2,318 6,416 36,184 112 93 59 34 25 6,123 37,205 13,105 8,399 4,765 14,740 13,649 8,816 4,798 2,831 2,903 1,934 1,306 1,895 14,681 1,384 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age (In thousands) Men Total 16 years and over Occupation Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 16 years and over Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Women 20 years and over Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 20 years and over 16 years and over Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 119,092 119,174 65,912 65,604 61,603 61,862 53,180 53,570 49,352 50,183 Total 30,505 16,557 16,589 16,459 16,510 13,352 13,916 13,193 13,777 6,039 5,859 5,972 15,112 9,084 9,073 9,038 9,033 5,941 360 610 263 256 256 354 360 355 265 6,775 6,787 3,822 3,870 3,753 3,816 10,690 6,800 6,819 1,923 3,812 1,842 1,900 1,854 1,913 1,903 1,893 1,898 15,393 7,473 7,516 7,421 7,477 7,412 7,877 7,334 7,806 1,624 1,914 149 1,623 1,765 145 146 146 1,766 821 340 562 563 481 293 340 293 481 89 277 89 280 316 405 121 121 316 724 867 140 727 724 727 140 141 140 354 2,375 353 325 1,855 2,049 1,849 2,049 325 607 214 358 357 232 214 232 392 393 841 817 2,443 2,643 2,424 2,627 3,466 856 823 602 602 759 196 606 606 152 196 151 2,114 4,180 2,046 1,986 2,100 1,935 2,048 2,082 2,080 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Officials and administrators, public administration Other executive, administrative, and managerial Management-related occupations Professional specialty Engineers Mathematical and computer scientists Natural scientists Health diagnosing occupations Health assessment and treating occupations Teachers, college and university Teachers, except college and university Lawyers and judges Other professional specialty occupations 29,909 15,024 625 10,622 3,777 14,885 1,770 856 400 864 2,209 589 3,300 798 4,100 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Health technologists and technicians Engineering and science technicians Technicians, except health, engineering, and science Sales occupations Supervisors and proprietors Sales representatives, finance and business services Sales representatives, commodities, except retail Sales workers, retail and personal services Sales-related occupations Administrative support, including clerical Supervisors Computer equipment operators Secretaries, stenographers, and typists Financial records processing Mail and message distributing Other administrative support, including clerical 36,679 36,244 12,953 12,805 12,106 12,126 23,726 23,439 21,755 21,773 3,735 3,762 2,002 1,711 1,936 1,917 1,845 1,733 1,830 1,891 1,268 1,267 258 263 1,000 1,069 195 190 1,004 1,073 1,195 1,195 254 906 940 245 255 941 246 929 1,299 1,272 772 466 518 474 799 781 515 773 14,387 14,021 6,791 7,279 7,127 6,706 7,108 6,894 5,952 5,873 3,967 3,741 2,611 1,314 1,324 1,295 1,356 2,426 2,569 2,411 2,434 2,431 1,092 1,021 1,320 1,342 1,040 1,411 992 1,399 1,594 1,647 1,243 1,256 329 360 339 1,287 353 1,277 6,312 6,100 2,048 1,638 1,971 1,586 4,264 4,129 3,209 3,183 80 102 57 21 23 50 69 33 50 34 18,557 18,461 3,379 3,673 3,760 3,529 14,884 14,700 14,092 14,070 737 297 747 291 440 440 428 319 425 313 848 883 298 285 553 557 585 292 524 279 4,673 57 61 4,603 67 64 4,612 4,536 4,427 4,364 2,431 210 2,310 222 219 210 2,209 2,092 2,154 2,046 949 1,008 331 589 618 312 363 645 360 624 8,884 8,944 2,177 1,947 2,219 2,038 6,707 6,724 6,207 6,351 ,.. Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Food service Health service Cleaning and building service Personal service 16,052 16,222 824 925 2,146 2,145 12,981 13,253 5,390 5,599 2,057 2,135 3,200 3,144 2,334 2,376 5,474 22 1,705 3,747 1,567 201 1,627 352 9,660 888 387 8,386 3,225 1,869 1,390 1,901 9,684 791 354 8,539 3,360 1,917 1,346 1,916 8,340 733 302 7,305 2,526 1,754 1,296 1,728 8,443 649 297 7,497 2,625 1,818 1,283 1,771 Precision production, craft, and repair Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft, and repair 14,002 13,859 12,818 12,675 12,418 12,332 4,497 4,492 4,344 4,333 4,245 4,244 5,360 5,302 5,251 5,192 5,015 4,994 4,145 4,065 3,223 3,150 3,158 3,094 1,184 153 108 923 1,184 159 110 915 1,128 148 102 878 1,154 158 105 891 Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Manufacturing industries Durable goods Nondurable goods Nonmanufacturing industries Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators Other transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 18,350 18,351 13,741 13,671 12,479 12,525 8,307 8,424 4,928 5,016 4,736 4,788 6,877 3,999 4,054 3,866 6,851 3,873 3,738 3,691 2,493 2,607 2,404 2,500 3,139 3,159 1,461 1,447 1,373 1,506 1,546 1,456 929 870 962 915 4,926 4,821 4,529 4,413 4,361 4,314 3,537 3,631 3,142 3,112 3,190 3,288 1,283 1,295 1,219 1,223 1,202 1,241 5,107 5,116 4,283 4,243 3,382 3,422 878 845 703 821 855 730 4,228 3,462 3,388 4,271 2,680 2,693 4,609 3,379 2,852 1,199 1,653 527 397 342 55 833 24 808 4,680 3,408 2,823 1,131 1,692 585 408 347 61 864 24 840 4,365 3,259 2,752 1,166 1,586 507 382 331 51 724 16 708 4,441 3,295 2,744 1,114 1,630 551 401 340 61 745 22 724 649 207 442 667 193 474 572 204 369 595 191 404 Farming, forestry, and fishing Farm operators and managers Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations 4,100 1,378 2,722 3,993 1,230 2,764 6,392 37 1,759 4,595 2,165 187 1,810 434 3,451 1,171 2,280 6,537 32 1,791 4,714 2,238 218 1,797 460 3,326 1,037 2,289 5,196 26 1,658 3,513 1,364 166 1,623 360 2,945 1,154 1,790 2,894 1,020 1,875 57 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex (Percent distribution) Men Total Occupation and race Women Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 119,092 100.0 119,174 100.0 65,912 100.0 65,604 100.0 53,180 100.0 53,570 100.0 25.1 12.6 12.5 30.8 3.1 12.1 15.6 13.5 .8 1.8 10.9 11.8 15.4 7.0 4.1 4.3 3.4 25.6 12.7 12.9 30.4 3.2 11.8 15.5 13.6 .7 1.8 11.1 25.1 13.8 11.3 25.3 13.8 11.5 19.5 2.9 10.9 5.7 10.0 25.1 11.2 26.0 11.3 13.9 14.7 43.8 3.4 15.4 7.1 4.0 4.3 3.4 20.8 7.5 6.9 6.5 5.2 7.6 6.7 6.5 5.1 28.0 18.2 1.7 .7 15.8 2.2 8.7 6.4 .7 1.6 1.2 102,938 100.0 103,217 100.0 57,638 100.0 57,446 100.0 45,300 100.0 45,771 100.0 26.1 26.3 14.6 26.9 31.1 3.1 30.8 3.2 19.8 3.0 11.7 5.2 26.5 14.7 11.8 19.7 3.0 11.4 5.3 8.9 .1 2.6 6.2 20.0 25.9 12.9 26.6 13.4 13.3 TOTAL Total, 16 years and over (thousands) Percent Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 11.6 19.7 3.0 11.0 5.6 9.7 .1 2.7 7.0 19.4 2.7 7.2 19.3 20.8 44.6 3.3 13.4 12.9 27.4 18.1 1.5 .7 15.9 2.2 8.7 6.4 .8 1.6 1.2 White Total, 16 years and over (thousands) Percent Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 13.2 12.6 12.2 15.4 15.4 12.4 .6 12.3 .7 1.7 9.9 12.1 1.7 10.1 11.8 8.5 11.6 11.8 14.3 45.5 3.2 15.1 44.7 3.4 13.3 13.8 28.5 17.0 28.0 16.8 1.4 .7 1.2 .6 14.9 2.1 8.1 5.9 .8 1.5 1.3 15.0 2.1 8.1 5.8 .7 1.6 1.4 12.1 14.5 6.6 3.8 2.4 6.1 20.0 19.8 7.2 6.6 4.1 3.5 6.1 5.5 19.7 7.3 6.3 6.1 5.2 12,197 100.0 12,027 100.0 6,128 100.0 6,022 100.0 6,070 100.0 6,005 100.0 15.2 7.2 8.0 28.3 3.2 8.0 16.0 7.3 8.7 12.0 6.4 5.5 17.4 2.8 5.7 8.9 12.5 6.5 6.0 17.0 1.7 6.1 9.2 18.8 18.4 7.9 10.4 39.3 3.5 10.3 25.5 27.2 3.6 1.0 22.7 19.5 8.0 14.7 6.6 4.0 4.0 3.7 Black Total, 16 years and over (thousands) Percent Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 58 17.2 23.3 1.9 3.1 18.3 9.1 21.9 9.5 5.8 6.6 2.2 27.4 2.5 8.1 16.7 23.0 1.5 2.9 18.6 8.4 23.0 10.3 6.3 6.4 2.3 19.3 .2 5.1 14.0 15.5 31.8 10.0 10.7 11.1 3.9 4.6 14.3 14.5 33.3 10.8 11.6 10.9 3.9 2.6 11.9 9.1 .8 2.1 11.5 37.8 3.2 10.2 24.3 27.2 3.0 1.2 22.9 2.2 12.7 9.8 1.0 1.9 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker (In thousands) August 1990 Nonagricultural industries Wage and salary workers Age and sex Total Total, 16 years and over.... 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over Private household Government workers 106,679 6,657 2,573 1,105 4,084 81 12,435 31,024 122 172 156 142 27,016 17,394 9,701 5,848 3,852 2,453 218 137 17,164 372 121 251 1,086 Other 88,410 6,067 2,314 3,753 11,227 Selfemployed workers 8,793 93 29 64 300 1,379 2,696 731 26,699 21,400 13,532 7,579 4,540 3,040 131 416 1,906 48,777 3,087 1,196 1,891 5,892 15,034 11,901 7,484 4,335 2,586 1,749 1,043 5,746 62 39,634 2,980 1,118 1,861 5,334 11,665 9,499 6,049 3,244 1,954 1,290 863 3,047 30 11 164 82 82 4,152 5,460 3,720 1,958 1,227 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 57,077 3,360 1,300 2,059 6,437 17,031 14,410 9,277 5,310 3,162 2,147 1,253 196 63 41 22 23 29 25 28 17 7 8,104 209 63 147 521 1,968 2,484 10 11 388 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 49,602 3,297 1,273 2,025 5,998 13,993 12,606 8,117 4,391 2,686 1,705 1,200 909 155 96 59 99 143 132 114 147 75 72 120 9,060 163 58 Agriculture 1,765 958 569 198 104 565 2,184 2,975 1,955 1,000 658 343 217 1,905 1,314 748 566 607 18 44 181 1,166 1,708 1,258 938 553 Unpaid family workers Wage and salary workers Selfemployed workers Unpaid family workers 229 16 9 7 13 43 57 53 33 24 9 14 1,904 275 136 139 344 527 352 196 147 94 53 62 1,441 53 23 30 61 285 319 231 264 125 139 128 36 18 17 13 10 20 15 22 19 3 11 37 12 6 6 8 8 1 1 2 3 1,487 231 115 1,203 192 4 3 1 5 35 55 51 31 22 10 10 417 44 21 23 71 140 90 36 31 25 6 5 385 433 19 119 713 988 647 376 195 181 174 116 274 387 262 160 116 69 46 57 228 49 23 27 58 248 247 168 222 53 28 15 12 13 108 114 212 238 3 3 3 37 72 64 42 17 25 16 75 8 3 5 1 10 20 12 20 17 3 4 59 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation (In thousands) August 1990 Technical, sales, and administrative support Managerial and professional specialty Industry Agriculture Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Private households Other service industries ., Professional services... Public administration 1 Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service occupations Total Executive, AdminisTechniemadministrative Private cians Profesployed Other trative, and Sales support, housesional service1 and including hold specialty related manaclerical support gerial Precision Farming, Machine producHandlers, forestry, operTransportion, and equipment ators, tation craft, cleaners, fishing assemand and blers, helpers, material repair and and moving laborers inspectors 3,473 770 8,009 21,602 12,810 8,792 100 110 1,117 2,499 1,510 988 74 69 129 1,816 1,278 538 22 31 62 749 517 232 19 12 89 782 347 435 100 59 427 2,390 1,398 992 17 9 16 407 214 194 49 272 4,535 3,905 2,712 1,193 5 25 118 6,877 3,738 3,139 43 131 513 805 401 404 11 47 967 1,221 578 643 3,031 5 35 151 118 33 8,145 24,667 4,758 19,909 870 2,130 564 1,566 454 515 98 418 299 136 44 92 328 9,935 1,800 8,135 2,209 2,386 760 1,626 317 4,779 39 4,741 1,261 1,581 377 1,205 157 368 170 199 1,795 951 476 475 446 1,845 417 1,428 10 38 14 23 7,975 38,892 1,114 37,778 24,585 5,642 2,071 4,998 2 4,996 2,743 1,215 212 11,357 15 11,342 9,972 766 133 2,084 3 2,081 1,691 246 1,892 938 6 932 109 25 3,048 6,338 5 6,333 4,514 1,503 313 8,122 105 8,017 4,470 1,416 151 1,867 22 1,845 389 238 20 810 15 490 4 485 252 78 23 491 18 474 84 55 96 572 111 461 124 56 824 824 810 237 43 Includes protective service, not shown separately. A-26. Employed civilians with a Job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status (In thousands) All industries Nonagricultural industries Wage and salary workers1 Total Reason not working and sex Aug. 1989 Total, 16 years and over.... Vacation Illness Bad weather Industrial dispute All other reasons Aug. 1990 Paid absences Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Unpaid absences Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 Aug. 1989 Aug. 1990 6,168 5,364 500 (2) 4,321 2,824 702 4,081 2,706 680 305 795 () 695 11,939 9,266 1,351 26 161 1,135 11,308 8,737 1,284 41 26 1,220 11,795 9,176 1,327 17 161 1,114 11,120 8,626 1,261 30 25 1,179 6,688 5,846 538 (2) Men, 16 years and over Vacation Illness All other reasons3 5,071 3,818 699 554 4,800 3,638 649 513 4,958 3,749 680 528 4,653 3,552 627 474 3,198 2,799 289 110 2,892 2,518 270 104 1,357 703 336 319 1,283 741 318 224 Women, 16 years and over Vacation Illness All other reasons3 6,868 5,449 651 768 6,508 5,099 635 774 6,837 5,427 647 763 6,467 5,073 633 760 3,489 3,047 249 194 3,277 2,846 230 200 2,962 2,121 366 475 2,798 1,966 362 471 1 Excludes private household workers. Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons. 2 60 3 O 304 O Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately. NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased because of high response variance; data should be used with caution. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-27. Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry August 1990 Percent distribution Thousands of persons Hours of work All industries Agriculture Nonagricultural industries All industries Agriculture Nonagricultural industries 107,866 3,284 104,582 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 to 34 hours 1 to 4 hours 5 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours 23,778 679 3,585 11,998 7,516 928 58 181 436 253 22,850 620 3,404 11,563 7,263 22.0 .6 3.3 11.1 7.0 28.2 1.8 5.5 13.3 7.7 21.8 .6 3.3 11.1 6.9 35 hours and over 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 hours and over 41 to 48 hours 49 to 59 hours 60 hours and over 84,088 7,027 44,711 32,350 11,140 11,721 9,488 2,356 171 695 1,490 209 427 855 81,732 6,856 44,016 30,859 10,931 11,295 8,634 78.0 6.5 41.5 30.0 10.3 10.9 8.8 71.7 5.2 21.2 45.4 6.4 13.0 26.0 78.2 6.6 42.1 29.5 10.5 10.8 8.3 40.0 43.7 44.1 51.5 39.9 43.5 Total, 16 years and over Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on full-time schedules A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 All industries Nonagricultural industries Reason for working less than 35 hours Total Total, 16 years and over Economic reasons Slack work Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment New job started during week Job terminated during week Could find only part-time work Other reasons Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work Vacation Illness Bad weather Industrial dispute Legal or religious holiday Full time for this job All other reasons Average hours: Economic reasons Other reasons Worked 30 to 34 hours: Economic reasons Other reasons Usually work full time Usually work part time Total Usually work full time Usually work part time 23,778 8,107 15,671 22,850 7,826 15,024 5,368 2,392 52 377 165 2,382 2,029 1,435 52 377 165 - 3,339 957 _ _ 2,382 5,072 2,195 51 370 162 2,293 1,907 1,324 51 370 162 - 3,164 871 _ _ _ 2,293 18,410 9,786 2,924 1,287 224 15 116 1,669 2,388 6,078 2,924 1,127 224 15 116 1,671 12,332 9,786 160 _ _ 1,669 717 17,778 9,418 2,897 1,246 164 15 116 1,614 2,310 5,918 _ 2,897 1,101 164 15 116 _ 1,626 11,860 9,418 _ 145 _ _ _ 1,614 684 22.2 21.9 24.2 24.9 21.1 20.4 22.3 22.0 24.1 24.9 21.1 20.5 1,766 5,750 882 2,914 884 2,836 1,668 5,594 827 2,847 841 2,747 61 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Industry Total at work On part time for economic reasons On full-time schedules On voluntary part time Total 40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours or less or more hours Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on full-time schedules 104,582 5,072 11,860 87,650 56,791 10,931 19,928 39.9 43.5 96,365 4,454 10,375 81,536 53,999 10,415 17,122 39.8 43.2 665 7 5 653 348 99 206 47.1 47.6 6,099 383 224 5,491 3,547 665 1,279 41.4 43.6 Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods 19,826 11,734 8,092 465 179 286 547 252 295 18,813 11,303 7,510 12,043 7,197 4,846 2,992 1,803 1,189 3,778 2,303 1,476 42.3 42.7 41.7 43.3 43.4 43.3 Transportation and public utilities ... Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate 7,185 21,325 6,821 151 1,657 132 338 4,086 513 6,696 15,583 6,176 4,274 9,661 4,308 822 2,158 722 1,600 3,764 1,146 42.6 38.0 40.3 44.2 43.8 42.3 Service industries Private households All other industries Public administration 29,277 1,043 28,233 5,167 1,615 194 1,421 43 4,508 390 4,117 154 23,154 459 22,695 4,970 16,266 314 15,952 3,553 2,391 37 2,354 566 4,497 108 4,390 851 37.8 27.8 38.2 41.9 42.4 44.5 42.4 42.7 Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers 7,988 229 606 12 1,396 89 5,986 128 2,717 75 505 11 2,764 42 40.7 33.8 48.0 43.0 Total, 16 years and over Wage and salary workers Mining Construction 62 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Sex, age, race, and marital status Total at work On part time for economic reasons On full-time schedules On voluntary part time Total 40 hours or less 41 hours or more Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on full-time schedules TOTAL Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 104,582 6,389 2,421 3,968 98,193 12,076 86,117 56,693 26,733 2,691 5,072 892 365 527 4,180 870 3,310 2,216 961 132 11,860 2,399 1,374 1,025 9,461 1,390 8,071 4,237 2,555 1,279 87,650 3,098 682 2,416 84,552 9,817 74,736 50,240 23,217 1,279 56,791 2,526 600 1,926 54,265 7,034 47,231 31,175 15,151 905 30,859 572 82 490 30,288 2,783 27,505 19,065 8,066 374 39.9 29.9 24.7 33.1 40.5 38.5 40.8 41.4 40.5 29.5 43.5 39.9 38.4 40.3 43.6 42.2 43.8 44.0 43.5 42.7 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 58,208 3,233 1,230 2,003 54,975 6,355 48,620 31,931 15,193 1,496 2,302 426 181 245 1,876 403 1,473 991 422 59 3,452 1,104 649 454 2,349 501 1,847 641 580 627 52,454 1,703 400 1,303 50,751 5,451 45,300 30,299 14,191 810 30,308 1,357 358 999 28,952 3,615 25,337 16,431 8,372 532 22,146 347 42 304 21,799 1,836 19,963 13,868 5,819 277 42.7 31.1 25.8 34.3 43.4 40.5 43.8 44.5 43.3 31.8 45.0 40.4 38.6 41.0 45.2 43.4 45.4 45.7 44.9 43.7 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 46,374 3,156 1,191 1,965 43,218 5,721 37,497 24,762 11,540 1,195 2,770 466 184 282 2,304 466 1,838 1,225 540 73 8,408 1,295 725 571 7,112 889 6,224 3,596 1,975 653 35,196 1,395 282 1,113 33,802 4,366 29,436 19,941 9,025 470 26,483 1,170 243 927 25,313 3,419 21,894 14,744 6,778 373 8,714 225 39 186 8,488 947 7,542 5,197 2,247 97 36.3 28.8 23.6 31.9 36.8 36.4 36.9 37.4 36.9 26.6 41.2 39.3 38.2 39.6 41.3 40.7 41.3 41.3 41.4 40.9 White, 16 years and over Men Women 90,258 50,775 39,482 4,153 1,857 2,296 10,597 3,004 7,593 75,507 45,914 29,593 47,672 25,753 21,919 27,835 20,161 7,674 40.0 43.0 36.1 43.7 45.3 41.2 Black, 16 years and over Men Women 10,763 5,498 5,265 750 363 387 952 324 628 9,060 4,811 4,250 6,910 3,390 3,519 2,151 1,420 731 38.8 40.5 37.1 42.1 43.3 40.8 Men, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 35,947 6,348 15,914 882 283 1,136 1,278 243 1,931 33,786 5,821 12,847 18,418 3,274 8,616 15,368 2,547 4,231 44.1 43.6 39.2 45.6 45.7 43.4 Women, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 24,452 9,555 12,367 1,168 592 1,010 4,995 1,131 2,282 18,289 7,832 9,075 14,001 5,609 6,872 4,288 2,223 2,203 35.7 38.3 36.0 40.7 42.1 41.3 RACE MARITAL STATUS 63 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status (Numbers in thousands) August 1990 Average O n full-time schedules Occupation and sex Total, 16 years and over1 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Men, 16 years and over1 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Women, 16 years and over1 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations. 64 Total at work On part time for economic reasons On voluntary part time Total 40 hours or less Average hours, hours, workers 49 on fulltotal 41 to 48 hours time at work hours or more schedules 104,084 5,015 11,822 87,247 56,388 10,944 19,915 39.9 43.5 25,939 13,932 12,007 33,242 3,459 13,052 16,731 14,811 779 1,953 12,079 12,993 17,099 7,917 4,345 4,837 564 219 345 1,380 65 763 551 1,468 126 35 1,306 625 979 348 165 465 2,072 695 1,378 4,800 290 2,307 2,203 3,425 310 137 2,978 380 1,146 307 249 590 23,303 13,019 10,284 27,063 3,105 9,982 13,976 9,918 343 1,781 7,795 11,988 14,975 7,262 3,931 3,782 13,047 6,758 6,289 18,672 2,144 5,442 11,086 7,289 242 1,132 5,915 7,582 9,798 5,036 2,007 2,755 2,942 1,715 1,226 3,266 422 1,298 1,547 926 28 222 676 1,658 2,152 1,099 543 510 7,314 4,546 2,768 5,125 539 3,243 1,343 1,703 73 427 1,204 2,748 3,025 1,128 1,381 517 42.3 44.2 40.2 38.6 40.8 39.6 37.3 35.4 27.5 43.0 34.6 42.2 40.8 41.0 44.2 37.4 44.9 45.8 43.7 42.6 42.8 45.2 40.6 42.6 43.5 45.0 42.0 43.9 43.5 42.6 46.7 41.9 57,649 2,253 3,379 52,017 29,905 6,887 15,225 42.8 45.1 14,856 8,441 6,415 11,980 1,784 6,678 3,518 6,099 29 1,652 4,418 11,887 12,827 4,726 4,082 4,018 238 118 120 322 28 181 114 479 6 24 448 571 643 119 150 374 622 264 357 903 58 570 275 852 4 94 755 252 749 116 190 443 13,996 8,059 5,938 10,754 1,698 5,928 3,129 4,768 19 1,534 3,215 11,064 11,434 4,491 3,742 3,201 6,744 3,610 3,135 5,887 1,089 2,623 2,174 3,316 13 940 2,363 6,893 7,065 2,861 1,893 2,311 1,712 980 731 1,493 228 832 433 486 3 204 279 1,526 1,670 735 510 425 5,540 3,469 2,072 3,375 381 2,472 521 966 3 390 573 2,645 2,699 895 1,339 465 45.2 46.1 43.9 43.0 42.7 44.5 40.2 38.8 (2) 43.8 36.9 42.6 41.9 42.8 44.8 37.9 46.7 47.4 45.9 45.4 43.7 47.4 42.6 43.6 (2) 45.5 42.7 44.1 44.3 43.8 46.9 42.0 46,435 2,762 8,443 35,230 26,482 4,057 4,690 36.3 41.2 11,083 5,492 5,592 21,262 1,676 6,374 13,213 8,711 750 300 7,662 1,106 4,272 3,191 263 818 326 101 225 1,058 37 583 438 989 120 11 858 54 335 230 14 91 1,451 430 1,020 3,896 231 1,737 1,928 2,572 306 43 2,224 128 396 190 59 146 9,307 4,960 4,347 16,309 1,407 4,054 10,848 5,150 324 246 4,580 924 3,540 2,771 189 580 6,303 3,148 3,155 12,785 1,054 2,819 8,912 3,973 229 192 3,553 689 2,732 2,175 114 444 1,230 735 495 1,774 194 465 1,114 440 25 18 397 132 482 364 33 85 1,774 1,077 697 1,750 158 770 822 737 70 37 630 103 326 233 41 52 38.5 41.1 36.0 36.1 38.7 34.5 36.6 32.9 27.3 38.3 33.3 38.5 37.6 38.4 35.1 35.1 42.0 43.2 40.6 40.7 41.7 42.1 40.0 41.6 43.3 42.0 41.5 41.7 40.8 40.7 41.9 40.9 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY AD0UCTED A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) 1989 1990 Employment status and sex Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec, Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. TOTAL Noninstitutional population1 Labor force1 Percent of population2 Total employed1 Employment-population ratio: Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate4 Not in labor force 188,286 188,428 188,580 188,721 188,865 188,990 189,090 189,198 189,326 189,467 189,607 189,763 189,901 125,758 125,725 125,857 126,192 126,246 126,094 126,308 126,498 126,543 126,643 126,466 126,394 126,300 66.8 66.7 66.9 66.7 66.7 66.9 66.8 66.8 66.8 66.7 66.6 66.5 66.8 119,238 63.3 1,688 117,550 3,275 114,275 6,520 5.2 62,528 119,121 63.2 1,702 117,419 3,219 114,200 6,604 5.3 62,703 119,294 63.3 1,709 117,585 3,197 114,388 6,563 5.2 62,723 119,540 119,588 119,560 119,713 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.3 1,704 1,700 1,697 1,678 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 3,160 3,197 3,134 3,079 114,676 114,691 114,728 114,957 6,652 6,658 6,535 6,594 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.2 62,529 62,619 62,896 62,782 120,003 63.4 1,669 118,334 3,200 115,133 6,495 5.1 62,700 119,773 119,989 120,019 119,580 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.0 1,657 1,639 1,630 1,627 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 3,133 3,305 3,348 3,085 114,983 115,045 115,041 114,867 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814 5.3 5.1 5.3 5.4 62,783 62,824 63,141 63,369 119,298 62.8 1,640 117,658 3,137 114,521 7,003 5.5 63,601 Men Noninstitutional population1 Labor force1 Percent of population2 Total employed1 Employment-population ratio: Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate4 Not in labor force 90,678 90,772 90,822 90,874 90,942 91,014 91,087 91,168 91,240 69,725 69,539 69,639 69,712 69,779 69,737 69,599 69,544 69,459 90,384 69,404 76.8 65,919 72.9 1,519 64,400 3,485 5.0 20,980 90,456 90,535 90,606 69,360 69,599 69,635 76.9 76.9 76.7 65,681 66,046 66,011 73.0 72.9 72.6 1,533 1,529 1,531 64,150 64,513 64,482 3,679 3,553 3,624 5.2 5.1 5.3 21,096 20,936 20,971 97,902 56,354 57.6 53,319 54.5 169 53,150 3,035 5.4 41,548 97,972 98,045 98,115 98,187 56,365 56,258 56,557 56,521 57.4 57.6 57.6 57.5 53,440 53,248 53,529 53,445 54.3 54.6 54.4 54.5 176 175 175 171 53,269 53,072 53,354 53,270 2,925 3,010 3,028 3,076 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.2 41,607 41,787 41,558 41,666 76.9 76.6 76.7 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.4 76.3 76.1 66,143 65,943 66,108 66,208 66,043 66,058 66,000 65,740 65,596 72.9 72.6 72.8 72.9 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.1 71.9 1,525 1,523 1,506 1,497 1,499 1,472 1,465 1,462 1,475 64,618 64,420 64,602 64,711 64,544 64,586 64,535 64,278 64,121 3,582 3,597 3,530 3,505 3,735 3,679 3,599 3,804 3,863 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.6 20,953 21,233 21,183 21,162 21,163 21,277 21,488 21,624 21,781 Women Noninstitutional population1 Labor force1 Percent of population2 Total employed1 Employment-population ratio' Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate4 Not in labor force 1 Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. 2 Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population. 3 Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population. 4 Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident 98,268 98,324 98,383 98,453 56,669 56,785 56,764 56,906 57.8 57.7 57.7 57.8 53,605 53,795 53,729 53,931 54.7 54.5 54.6 54.8 172 172 158 167 53,433 53,623 53,571 53,764 2,938 3,064 2,990 3,034 2,975 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 41,663 41,599 41,539 41,619 41,547 98,218 56,555 57.6 53,617 54.6 174 53,443 98,520 56,867 57.7 54,019 54.8 165 53,854 2,848 5.0 41,653 98,595 56,849 57.7 53,839 54.6 165 53,674 3,010 5.3 41,746 98,661 56,842 57.6 53,702 54.4 165 53,537 3,140 5.5 41,819 Armed Forces). NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 65 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-33. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, sex, and age 1989 Aug. Sept. Oct. 1990 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate 186,598 186,726 186,871 187,017 187,165 187,293 187,412 187,529 187,669 187,828 187,977 188,136 188,261 124,070 124,023 124,148 124,488 124,546 124,397 124,630 124,829 124,886 125,004 124,836 124,767 124,660 66.4 66.5 66.4 66.6 66.5 66.4 66.2 66.3 66.6 66.6 66.5 66.5 66.4 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 62.9 63.0 62.9 63.0 63.0 62.9 62.5 62.7 63.0 63.1 62.9 63.0 63.0 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 6,535 6,594 6,495 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814 7,003 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.2 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force 81,754 63,717 77.9 60,861 74.4 2,340 58,521 2,856 4.5 18,037 81,790 63,771 78.0 60,729 74.2 2,330 58,399 3,042 4.8 18,019 81,905 63,918 78.0 61,026 74.5 2,304 58,722 2,892 4.5 17,987 81,968 63,967 78.0 61,033 74.5 2,292 58,741 2,934 4.6 18,001 82,055 64,071 78.1 61,154 74.5 2,293 58,861 2,917 4.6 17,984 82,168 63,958 77.8 60,976 74.2 2,269 58,706 2,983 4.7 18,210 82,248 64,101 77.9 61,172 74.4 2,254 58,918 2,929 4.6 18,147 82,378 64,183 77.9 61,270 74.4 2,268 59,002 2,913 4.5 18,195 82,487 64,251 77.9 61,138 74.1 2,258 58,879 3,113 4.8 18,236 82,581 64,312 77.9 61,265 74.2 2,388 58,877 3,047 4.7 18,269 82,676 64,364 77.9 61,345 74.2 2,400 58,945 3,019 4.7 18,312 82,790 64,344 77.7 61,196 73.9 2,262 58,934 3,148 4.9 18,446 82,862 64,362 77.7 61,143 73.8 2,246 58,897 3,219 5.0 18,500 90,684 52,352 57.7 49,875 55.0 642 49,233 2,477 4.7 38,332 90,771 52,358 57.7 49,984 55.1 660 49,324 2,374 4.5 38,413 90,860 52,281 57.5 49,796 54.8 641 49,155 2,485 4.8 38,579 90,952 52,541 57.8 50,043 55.0 624 49,419 2,498 4.8 38,411 91,042 52,586 57.8 50,048 55.0 618 49,430 2,538 4.8 38,456 91,091 52,686 57.8 50,255 55.2 594 49,661 2,431 4.6 38,405 91,157 52,814 57.9 50,287 55.2 582 49,704 2,527 4.8 38,343 91,237 52,800 57.9 50,344 55.2 648 49,696 2,456 4.7 38,437 91,330 52,954 58.0 50,427 55.2 669 49,758 2,526 4.8 38,376 91,414 53,146 58.1 50,709 55.5 680 50,029 2,438 4.6 38,268 91,495 53,174 58.1 50,776 55.5 700 50,077 2,398 4.5 38,321 91,581 53,211 58.1 50,719 55.4 585 50,135 2,492 4.7 38,370 91,688 53,315 58.1 50,699 55.3 639 50,060 2,616 4.9 38,373 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1. Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population1 Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force 1 2 14,160 14,166 14,107 14,097 14,067 14,034 14,008 13,914 13,852 13,832 13,806 13,764 13,711 7,545 7,298 7,212 7,894 7,949 7,980 7,889 7,752 7,715 6,983 7,846 7,681 8,001 55.2 50.9 52.9 54.6 55.4 56.4 55.1 56.1 56.3 56.6 55.7 52.4 56.5 6,376 6,268 6,038 5,815 6,577 6,720 6,551 6,706 6,763 6,760 6,686 6,631 6,814 47.3 47.5 48.0 45.4 46.1 47.3 48.3 47.0 47.9 47.3 48.1 42.4 43.9 286 244 237 206 243 270 229 293 239 249 285 252 251 6,400 6,361 6,516 6,334 6,435 6,345 6,139 6,477 6,511 6,521 5,799 5,564 6,019 1,203 1,220 1,169 1,130 1,138 1,188 1,187 1,174 1,121 1,030 1,126 1,186 1,168 15.2 15.3 15.5 14.7 14.8 15.0 14.8 16.3 14.5 14.1 14.4 14.9 16.7 6,178 6,117 6,287 6,508 6,552 6,728 6,272 6,158 6,159 6,282 6,293 6,068 6,171 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional 66 population. HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin 1989 Aug. Sept. Oct. 1990 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate 159,470 159,549 159,644 159,736 159,832 159,938 160,007 160,076 160,170 160,271 160,365 160,468 160,550 106,485 106,393 106,618 106,834 106,896 106,884 107,080 107,061 107,133 107,353 107,273 107,230 107,135 66.8 66.9 66.9 66.9 66.8 66.7 66.9 67.0 66.9 66.9 66.7 66.8 66.8 101,684 101,579 101,862 101,991 102,032 102,074 102,117 102,206 102,027 102,362 102,461 102,260 101,968 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.5 63.9 63.8 63.7 63.7 63.9 63.8 63.7 4,801 4,814 4,756 4,843 4,864 4,811 4,962 4,856 5,106 4,991 4,812 4,970 5,167 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.6 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate 55,443 55,465 55,626 55,676 55,747 55,771 55,815 55,828 55,826 55,919 55,932 55,895 56,035 78.4 78.4 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.3 78.4 78.4 78.3 78.1 78.3 78.3 78.3 53,307 53,153 53,483 53,482 53,580 53,560 53,547 53,593 53,425 53,578 53,650 53,576 53,613 75.2 75.3 75.5 75.4 75.5 74.9 75.1 75.1 74.9 75.2 75.1 75.4 74.9 2,136 2,312 2,143 2,194 2,167 2,211 2,268 2,235 2,400 2,341 2,282 2,318 2,423 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.1 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2... Unemployed Unemployment rate 44,184 44,198 44,207 44,360 44,469 44,475 44,615 44,523 44,740 44,925 45,055 45,120 45,100 57.4 57.5 57.4 57.3 57.1 57.9 57.8 57.6 57.4 57.2 57.2 57.9 57.9 42,391 42,520 42,437 42,586 42,641 42,718 42,782 42,765 42,895 43,165 43,292 43,321 43,227 55.2 55.1 55.0 55.0 54.9 55.5 55.1 55.0 54.9 55.5 55.6 55.6 55.2 1,793 1,678 1,770 1,774 1,828 1,757 1,833 1,758 1,844 1,760 1,763 1,799 1,873 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.0 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women 6,858 59.6 5,986 52.0 872 12.7 13.1 12.3 6,730 58.7 5,906 51.5 824 12.2 13.3 11.1 6,785 59.4 5,942 52.0 843 12.4 13.8 10.9 6,798 59.7 5,923 52.0 875 12.9 14.3 11.3 6,680 58.9 5,811 51.2 869 13.0 14.0 11.9 6,639 58.7 5,796 51.3 843 12.7 12.9 12.4 6,650 59.0 5,788 51.4 862 13.0 12.7 13.2 6,710 59.8 5,847 52.1 863 12.9 13.0 12.7 6,568 58.8 5,707 51.1 861 13.1 13.8 12.4 6,509 58.4 6,286 56.6 5,619 50.4 890 13.7 14.2 13.1 5,519 49.7 767 12.2 12.9 11.4 6,216 56.1 5,363 48.4 853 13.7 15.1 12.3 5,999 54.3 5,128 46.4 871 14.5 15.7 13.2 BLACK Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate 21,060 21,085 21,108 21,136 21,164 21,163 21,188 21,211 21,228 21,261 21,289 21,318 21,337 13,476 13,518 13,507 13,576 13,522 13,510 13,437 13,581 13,570 13,587 13,472 13,379 13,366 63.4 63.8 63.9 64.2 64.0 64.1 64.0 64.0 63.3 63.9 63.9 62.6 62.8 11,961 11,938 11,923 11,954 11,920 11,978 12,030 12,148 12,161 12,179 12,064 11,870 11,791 56.6 56.8 56.3 56.6 56.5 56.6 56.8 57.3 56.7 57.3 57.3 55.3 55.7 1,515 1,580 1,584 1,622 1,602 1,532 1,407 1,433 1,409 1,408 1,407 1,510 1,575 11.3 10.5 11.8 11.9 11.7 11.7 11.2 10.6 10.4 10.4 10.4 11.8 11.3 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate 6,234 74.2 5,593 66.6 641 10.3 6,247 74.2 5,587 66.4 660 10.6 6,244 74.0 5,569 66.0 675 10.8 6,189 73.5 5,496 65.2 693 11.2 6,172 73.3 5,603 66.6 6,227 73.6 5,631 66.5 614 9.9 6,239 74.6 5,610 67.0 629 10.1 569 9.2 596 9.6 6,362 60.6 5,753 54.8 609 9.6 6,360 60.5 5,743 54.6 617 9.7 6,336 60.2 5,706 54.2 630 9.9 6,373 60.4 5,722 54.2 651 10.2 6,311 59.7 6,393 60.5 5,681 53.8 630 10.0 5,802 6,423 60.7 5,821 55.0 602 9.4 6,198 73.9 5,584 66.6 6,240 73.7 5,651 66.8 589 9.4 6,241 73.5 5,672 66.8 569 9.1 6,293 74.0 5,702 67.1 591 9.4 6,293 73.9 5,617 65.9 676 10.7 6,235 73.1 5,572 65.4 663 10.6 6,456 60.9 5,872 55.4 6,451 60.8 594 9.0 9.2 6,377 59.9 5,812 54.6 565 8.9 6,328 59.4 5,735 584 6,516 61.3 5,921 55.7 595 9.1 6,358 59.6 5,730 53.7 628 9.9 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 .. Unemployed Unemployment rate 54.9 591 9.2 5,858 55.2 53.8 592 9.4 See footnotes at end of table. 67 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin 1989 Aug. Sept. Oct. 1990 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. BLACK—Continued Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2.. Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women 916 42.2 624 28.7 292 31.9 30.3 33.6 919 41.8 585 26.6 334 36.3 33.8 38.8 nee 937 43.0 624 28.6 313 33.4 32.0 34.9 C7OD 44.0 645 29.7 311 32.5 32.3 32.7 967 44.6 670 30.9 297 30.7 30.1 31.4 928 42.8 680 31.3 248 26.7 29.2 24.0 842 38.5 606 27.7 236 28.0 28.5 27.5 898 41.7 645 30.0 253 28.2 30.0 26.2 830 38.6 586 27.3 244 29.4 31.1 27.6 879 40.8 652 30.3 227 25.8 27.2 24.3 802 37.4 550 25.6 252 31.4 37.4 25.3 758 35.4 517 24.1 241 31.8 32.3 31.2 773 36.1 489 22.8 284 36.7 38.4 35.0 HISPANIC ORIGIN Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2.. Unemployed Unemployment rate 13,853 13,894 13,936 13,977 14,019 14,080 14,119 14,159 14,198 14,238 14,277 14,317 14,356 9,361 9,342 9,339 9,424 9,495 9,440 9,400 9,565 9,618 9,669 9,651 9,665 9,707 67.0 67.2 67.6 67.6 66.6 67.0 67.7 67.4 67.6 67.9 67.7 67.6 67.5 8,541 8,564 8,595 8,672 8,691 8,769 8,666 8,831 8,850 8,927 8,967 8,899 8,951 61.4 61.7 61.7 62.4 62.0 61.6 62.7 62.3 62.3 62.0 62.8 62.3 62.2 744 734 734 804 778 820 768 671 752 684 742 767 757 7.7 8.0 8.3 8.8 8.0 7.8 7.1 8.5 8.0 7.1 7.7 7.8 7.9 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population. 2 NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Category Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug CHARACTERISTIC Total Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 40,723 40,649 40,839 40,886 41,041 40,982 41,347 40,989 40,730 40,881 40,554 40,545 40,604 29,259 29,506 29,544 29,767 29,695 29,897 29,704 29,618 29,742 30,046 29,856 29,909 29,949 6,349 6,215 6,378 6,291 6,325 6,400 6,467 6,380 6,365 6,371 6,429 6,354 6,351 MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture: Wage and salary workers Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers Nonagricultural industries: Wage and salary workers Government Private industries Private households Other industries Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers 1,723 1,410 133 1,680 1,424 132 1,678 1,406 124 1,687 1,373 122 1,677 1,369 125 1,634 1,354 107 1,578 1,375 118 1,620 1,457 115 1,621 1,429 112 1,728 1,502 101 1,685 1,507 106 1,628 1,377 96 1,666 1,357 93 105,317 17,559 87,758 1,147 86,611 8,621 272 105,476 17,613 87,863 1,065 86,798 8,581 279 105,504 17,595 87,909 987 86,922 8,610 280 105,960 17,681 88,279 1,051 87,228 8,528 264 105,643 17,728 87,915 1,077 86,838 8,653 251 105,747 17,626 88,121 1,035 87,086 8,733 256 106,117 17,607 88,510 1,021 87,489 8,628 313 106,029 17,724 88,306 1,003 87,302 8,852 261 105,938 17,816 88,122 957 87,165 8,716 258 106,176 18,113 88,063 941 87,122 8,783 254 105,985 17,863 88,121 1,056 87,065 8,759 226 105,885 17,788 88,097 989 87,108 8,709 269 105,691 17,842 87,849 1,033 86,816 8,629 229 PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1 All industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 5,013 4,870 5,036 4,831 4,802 4,864 4,767 4,803 4,802 4,983 4,887 5,004 4,871 2,314 2,297 2,277 2,402 2,307 2,476 2,407 2,439 2,499 2,565 2,424 2,281 2,321 2,127 2,138 2,052 2,224 2,070 2,123 2,142 2,161 2,082 2,162 2,106 2,255 2,211 15,550 15,506 15,368 15,254 15,388 14,931 15,381 15,464 15,193 15,592 15,125 15,311 15,377 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 4,567 4,605 4,526 4,552 4,554 4,729 4,703 4,747 4,630 4,666 4,734 4,710 4,780 2,240 2,183 2,293 2,218 2,317 2,284 2,408 2,242 2,129 2,165 2,166 2,132 2,111 2,076 2,095 2,021 2,097 2,051 2,172 2,173 2,050 2,096 2,004 2,141 2,048 2,069 14,924 14,975 14,804 15,064 14,627 14,922 14,899 14,515 15,071 15,076 14,936 14,805 14,983 1 Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey 68 period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 Sex and age Aug. Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Men, 16 years and over .... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Women, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Sept. Oct. 1990 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 19,813 19,489 19,487 6,814 6,706 6,763 2,574 2,571 2,645 4,236 4,149 4,130 12,999 12,783 12,724 97,809 97,946 98,122 83,064 83,170 83,316 14,780 14,825 14,818 19,482 19,298 19,309 19,247 19,459 6,760 6,686 6,631 6,577 6,720 2,598 2,518 2,501 2,513 2,557 4,152 4,161 4,132 4,072 4,164 12,722 12,612 12,678 12,670 12,739 98,345 98,594 98,547 98,722 98,803 83,594 83,680 83,690 83,856 83,938 14,784 14,849 14,805 14,867 14,870 19,196 19,080 18,979 6,551 6,376 6,268 2,460 2,386 2,300 4,086 3,992 3,946 12,646 12,704 12,711 98,836 99,285 99,458 83,969 84,344 84,452 14,856 14,971 14,934 18,702 18,366 6,038 5,815 2,166 2,085 3,878 3,703 12,664 99,312 84,423 14,902 12,551 99,415 84,447 15,008 64,400 64,150 64,513 64,482 64,618 64,420 64,602 64,711 64,544 64,586 64,535 64,278 64,121 10,275 10,070 10,211 10,123 10,128 10,091 10,071 10,110 10,018 9,992 9,883 9,775 9,556 3,539 3,421 3,487 3,449 3,464 3,444 3,430 3,441 3,407 3,321 3,189 3,083 2,977 1,372 1,280 1,357 1,329 1,308 1,298 1,315 1,317 1,270 1,224 1,166 1,106 1,047 2,159 2,138 2,134 2,140 2,153 2,149 2,121 2,126 2,130 2,071 2,009 1,985 1,907 6,736 6,649 6,724 6,674 6,664 6,647 6,640 6,669 6,611 6,671 6,694 6,692 6,579 54,171 54,095 54,302 54,362 54,494 54,335 54,463 54,558 54,475 54,605 54,658 54,517 54,617 45,708 45,696 45,829 45,938 46,048 45,832 46,013 46,081 46,041 46,099 46,106 46,033 46,052 8,462 8,439 8,488 8,432 8,441 8,509 8,485 8,480 8,432 8,498 8,489 8,492 8,578 53,150 53,269 53,072 53,354 53,270 53,443 53,433 53,623 53,571 53,764 53,854 53,674 53,537 9,419 9,276 3,276 9,359 3,311 1,269 2,012 9,170 3,222 1,210 9,218 9,176 9,349 9,178 9,088 9,095 8,927 8,810 3,187 3,146 3,279 3,144 3,056 3,078 2,955 2,838 1,291 1,288 1,203 1,198 1,240 1,190 1,162 1,134 1,060 1,038 2,008 2,011 1,996 1,983 1,951 2,038 1,956 1,921 1,937 1,893 1,796 6,134 6,000 6,048 5,948 6,030 6,029 6,070 6,034 6,032 6,017 5,972 5,972 43,638 43,851 43,820 43,983 44,100 44,212 44,259 44,245 44,361 44,679 44,800 44,796 44,798 37,356 37,474 37,487 37,656 37,632 37,859 37,844 37,857 37,928 38,245 38,346 38,389 38,395 6,318 6,386 6,330 6,352 6,408 6,296 6,382 6,390 6,424 6,472 6,444 6,410 6,430 9,538 3,275 3,285 1,202 2,077 6,263 A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Sex and age Aug. Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Men, 16 years and over .... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Women, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 6,520 Sept. 6,604 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 6,563 6,652 6,658 6,535 6,594 6,495 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814 7,003 2,294 1,138 509 609 1,156 4,304 3,781 526 2,274 1,126 520 615 1,148 4,237 3,727 515 2,425 1,130 519 609 1,295 4,347 3,864 505 2,349 1,169 597 587 1,180 4,245 3,832 464 2,171 1,030 442 612 1,141 4,266 3,850 433 2,316 1,174 457 693 1,142 4,456 3,958 494 2,387 1,168 494 653 1,219 4,617 4,028 538 June July Aug. 2,437 1,187 545 623 1,250 4,069 3,568 473 2,426 1,188 534 684 1,238 4,197 3,701 465 2,428 1,186 536 645 1,242 4,144 3,652 464 2,472 1,220 548 665 1,252 4,188 3,688 496 2,428 1,203 558 645 1,225 4,242 3,744 494 2,299 1,121 434 683 1,178 4,279 3,780 525 3,485 3,679 3,553 3,624 3,582 3,597 3,530 3,505 3,735 3,679 3,599 3,804 3,863 1,330 629 295 325 701 2,143 1,821 293 1,361 637 311 340 724 2,313 1,978 310 1,349 661 308 353 688 2,214 1,919 280 1,380 690 312 382 690 2,258 1,967 303 1,361 665 319 346 696 2,238 1,917 314 1,267 614 214 397 653 2,373 2,079 313 1,226 601 259 336 625 2,313 2,018 308 1,236 592 267 336 644 2,291 1,997 300 1,343 622 281 341 721 2,387 2,099 310 1,261 632 318 320 629 2,358 2,089 296 1,233 580 228 350 653 2,343 2,066 275 1,279 656 249 387 623 2,499 2,173 321 1,253 644 287 351 609 2,616 2,234 336 3,035 2,925 3,010 3,028 3,076 2,938 3,064 2,990 3,034 2,975 2,848 3,010 3,140 1,107 558 250 298 549 1,926 1,747 180 1,065 551 223 344 514 1,884 1,723 155 1,079 525 228 292 554 1,930 1,733 184 1,092 530 236 283 562 1,930 1,721 193 1,067 538 239 299 529 2,004 1,827 180 1,032 507 220 286 525 1,906 1,701 212 1,069 537 250 273 532 1,991 1,763 218 1,038 534 253 279 504 1,945 1,730 216 1,082 508 238 268 574 1,961 1,765 195 1,087 537 279 267 550 1,887 1,742 169 938 450 214 262 488 1,923 1,785 158 1,037 518 208 306 519 1,956 1,785 173 1,134 524 207 302 610 2,001 1,794 203 69 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (Civilian workers) 1989 1990 Sex and age Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.6 11.1 11.3 14.9 15.3 17.4 10.6 14.5 14.8 14.2 8.5 4.2 4.3 3.4 11.2 14.7 17.4 11.0 15.5 20.0 12.8 8.5 4.1 4.3 3.0 10.3 14.1 16.1 13.4 4.1 4.2 3.2 11.2 15.2 18.1 13.4 8.9 4.1 4.3 3.2 8.2 4.1 4.4 2.8 11.0 16.3 17.4 15.2 8.3 4.3 4.5 3.2 11.5 16.7 19.2 15.0 8.8 4.4 4.6 3.5 5.7 11.0 14.8 17.5 12.8 8.8 4.0 Men, 16 years and over .... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 10.7 14.8 10.5 14.4 16.8 16.9 13.0 8.4 4.2 4.3 3.4 12.9 4.1 4.3 3.3 13.0 9.3 4.2 4.4 3.3 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.6 10.9 10.9 14.7 16.9 13.6 8.8 4.0 4.2 3.4 11.8 11.2 16.0 20.6 13.4 8.6 4.1 4.3 3.4 11.1 11.6 11.6 15.4 18.1 13.8 9.8 4.2 4.4 3.5 15.4 16.4 14.8 8.9 4.1 4.3 3.1 17.5 18.4 16.3 8.5 4.4 4.5 3.6 21.5 15.5 8.5 4.6 4.6 3.8 4.1 3.1 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 11.5 11.9 15.7 11.7 15.9 18.5 14.2 9.3 11.8 16.1 19.6 13.8 9.5 3.9 4.0 3.6 11.2 15.1 8.9 4.2 4.3 3.6 14.9 16.5 13.7 8.6 4.1 4.2 3.5 16.9 13.5 8.9 4.1 4.2 3.0 13.8 9.0 8.3 13.1 9.4 3.8 3.8 3.3 13.7 9.8 4.1 3.5 3.9 4.0 3.2 12.0 16.7 19.0 15.1 9.4 4.0 4.1 3.5 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.5 10.4 14.6 10.2 14.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.0 10.5 13.9 16.5 15.5 17.3 12.5 8.1 4.2 4.5 14.6 7.7 4.1 4.4 2.4 13.0 8.2 4.3 4.6 2.7 12.6 8.0 4.1 4.3 3.3 12.3 8.1 4.3 4.5 3.3 14.0 16.9 12.0 7.7 4.2 4.4 3.3 9.3 12.8 11.4 14.6 15.0 12.8 10.7 14.9 19.4 12.2 8.4 4.1 4.4 2.5 10.4 13.7 14.7 13.8 15.7 10.4 14.3 10.1 13.8 17.2 14.9 16.4 13.9 8.0 4.2 4.4 2.6 14.4 9.3 4.3 4.5 3.1 15.1 17.7 Women, 16 years and over 11.1 15.0 17.2 14.2 8.8 4.1 4.3 3.0 2.8 19.5 4.1 8.5 4.2 4.4 2.8 12.3 8.5 4.2 4.4 2.9 14.2 15.6 16.7 12.1 8.7 4.2 4.4 2.9 15.9 11.9 7.5 4.1 4.4 2.4 17.8 15.6 16.6 A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted (Unemployment rates) 1989 1990 Category Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 5.3 4.5 4.7 14.8 5.3 4.8 4.5 15.0 5.3 4.5 4.8 14.9 5.3 4.6 4.8 5.3 4.7 4.6 14.5 5.3 4.6 4.8 14.7 5.3 4.7 4.6 15.5 5.2 4.7 4.5 14.1 5.5 4.9 4.7 14.8 5.2 4.5 4.7 14.4 5.4 4.8 4.8 15.3 5.3 4.6 4.8 15.2 16.3 5.6 5.0 4.9 16.7 4.5 9.7 4.6 9.2 10.5 7.8 10.6 7.7 10.4 8.0 4.6 9.3 10.4 7.7 4.5 9.4 10.4 7.1 4.6 10.3 11.3 7.9 4.8 10.4 11.8 8.5 4.5 10.1 11.3 7.1 4.8 9.1 8.3 4.5 10.3 11.9 8.0 4.6 10.2 11.8 8.8 4.5 10.2 11.7 8.0 4.5 9.4 11.2 4.5 10.2 11.7 Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 3.1 3.9 8.0 3.3 3.8 7.7 3.0 3.9 7.8 3.1 3.8 8.2 3.0 3.9 8.1 3.4 3.7 7.5 3.0 3.8 7.5 3.2 3.6 8.4 3.3 3.5 7.5 3.3 3.5 7.4 3.2 3.7 8.0 3.3 3.5 8.5 3.5 3.9 8.5 Full-time workers Part-time workers Unemployed 15 weeks and over1 Labor force time lost2 4.9 7.1 1.1 6.0 5.0 7.3 1.1 6.0 4.9 7.1 1.1 5.9 5.0 7.4 1.1 5.9 5.0 7.5 1.1 6.0 5.0 7.0 1.1 6.0 4.9 7.4 1.1 5.9 4.9 7.2 1.1 5.9 5.1 7.1 1.1 6.2 4.9 7.4 1.1 6.0 4.8 7.6 1.1 5.9 5.0 8.1 1.2 6.0 5.2 7.9 1.3 6.3 5.4 6.3 6.4 10.2 5.2 4.9 5.7 4.9 3.7 6.0 4.4 2.7 9.0 5.4 6.3 8.4 10.1 5.2 4.9 5.5 5.0 4.5 5.9 4.5 2.8 7.8 5.3 6.2 4.8 9.3 5.4 5.2 5.6 4.9 3.9 5.9 4.3 2.7 9.8 5.4 6.3 6.2 9.8 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.0 3.6 6.4 4.3 2.7 12.1 5.4 6.5 4.4 9.8 5.6 5.4 5.9 4.9 3.4 6.3 4.2 2.6 9.7 5.5 6.7 6.8 9.3 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.0 4.3 6.2 4.3 2.4 9.2 5.5 6.6 4.8 8.9 5.9 5.5 6.4 5.0 4.0 6.0 4.4 2.5 9.3 5.5 6.6 5.9 5.7 6.9 4.6 10.6 5.9 5.7 6.3 5.1 4.3 6.2 4.5 2.1 11.0 5.5 6.7 3.3 11.5 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.0 3.2 6.3 4.4 2.5 7.9 5.3 5.9 3.6 9.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 3.0 6.2 4.5 2.9 10.0 5.5 6.6 4.4 10.2 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.0 3.7 6.0 4.5 2.8 5.7 6.9 4.9 11.1 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.2 4.1 6.2 4.7 2.8 9.7 CHARACTERISTIC Total (all civilian workers) Men, 20 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years White Black and other Black Hispanic origin 7.8 INDUSTRY Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers Goods-producing industries Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Service-producing industries Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers 1 2 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time 70 10.0 5.5 5.3 5.9 5.0 3.4 6.2 4.5 2.3 10.1 10.6 for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours. HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) 1990 1989 Weeks of unemployment Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 3,125 2,002 1,338 759 579 3,169 2,030 1,359 769 590 3,166 1,995 1,378 743 635 3,258 1,991 1,422 765 657 3,302 2,013 1,362 730 632 3,119 2,012 1,430 777 653 3,159 2,079 1,369 731 638 3,194 2,044 1,333 702 631 3,204 2,175 1,386 697 688 3,026 2,236 1,374 764 610 3,046 2,049 1,406 763 643 3,120 2,159 1,513 809 704 3,325 2,048 1,609 845 764 11.4 5.0 11.5 5.0 11.7 5.0 11.6 4.8 11.5 4.8 12.1 5.1 11.7 5.4 12.0 5.1 12.1 5.0 11.6 5.4 12.0 5.1 12.0 5.2 12.3 5.2 100.0 48.3 31.0 20.7 11.7 9.0 100.0 48.3 31.0 20.7 11.7 9.0 100.0 48.4 30.5 21.1 11.4 9.7 100.0 48.8 29.8 21.3 11.5 9.8 100.0 49.5 30.1 20.4 10.9 9.5 100.0 47.5 30.7 21.8 11.8 9.9 100.0 47.8 31.5 20.7 11.1 9.7 100.0 48.6 31.1 20.3 10.7 9.6 100.0 47.4 32.2 20.5 10.3 10.2 100.0 45.6 33.7 20.7 11.5 9.2 100.0 46.9 31.5 21.6 11.7 9.9 100.0 45.9 31.8 22.3 11.9 10.4 100.0 47.6 29.3 23.0 12.1 10.9 DURATION Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over Average (mean) duration in weeks Median duration in weeks PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemDloved Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over . A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) 1989 1990 Reasons for unemployment Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 2,964 865 2,099 1,031 1,772 643 2,932 852 2,080 1,034 1,920 648 2,979 780 2,199 994 1,890 685 3,092 969 2,123 1,049 1,845 695 3,097 957 2,140 1,055 1,853 686 3,183 1,033 2,150 1,016 1,730 640 3,103 964 2,139 1,006 1,805 680 3,038 941 2,097 1,014 1,859 644 3,147 999 2,148 1,179 1,780 617 3,171 979 2,192 1,014 1,820 683 3,151 918 2,233 995 1,789 534 3,088 960 2,128 1,027 1,960 687 3,367 973 2,394 984 1,879 677 100.0 46.2 13.5 32.7 16.1 27.6 10.0 100.0 44.9 13.0 31.8 15.8 29.4 9.9 100.0 45.5 11.9 33.6 15.2 28.9 10.5 100.0 46.3 14.5 31.8 15.7 27.6 10.4 100.0 46.3 14.3 32.0 15.8 27.7 10.3 100.0 48.5 15.7 32.7 15.5 26.3 9.7 100.0 47.1 14.6 32.4 15.3 27.4 10.3 100.0 46.3 14.4 32.0 15.5 28.4 9.8 100.0 46.8 14.9 31.9 17.5 26.5 9.2 100.0 47.4 14.6 32.8 15.2 27.2 10.2 100.0 48.7 14.2 34.5 15.4 27.7 8.3 100.0 45.7 14.2 31.5 15.2 29.0 10.2 100.0 48.7 14.1 34.7 14.3 27.2 9.8 2.4 .8 1.4 .5 2.4 .8 1.5 .5 2.4 .8 1.5 .6 2.5 .8 1.5 .6 2.5 .8 1.5 .6 2.6 2.5 .8 1.4 .5 2.4 .8 1.5 .5 2.5 .9 1.4 .5 2.5 .8 1.5 .5 2.5 .8 1.4 .4 2.5 .8 1.6 .6 2.7 .8 1.5 .5 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 1.4 .5 71 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1938 to date (In thousands) Goods-producing Year and month Total Total private Total Mining Construction Service-producing Manufacturing Total Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and Services real estate Government Federal State Local Annual averages 0 () V) () O1 () 0) O1 () O 01 1938 .... 1939 ..., 29,194 30,603 25,311 26,608 11,401 12,297 891 854 1,070 1,165 9,440 10,278 17,793 18,306 2,863 2,936 1,767 4,659 (1) ! 1,447 (1) 3,502 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 ..., .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 32,361 36,539 40,106 42,434 41,864 40,374 41,652 43,857 44,866 43,754 28,159 31,877 34,624 36,356 35,822 34,431 36,056 38,382 39,216 37,897 13,221 15,963 18,470 20,114 19,328 17,507 17,248 18,509 18,774 17,565 925 957 992 925 892 836 862 955 994 930 1,311 1,814 2,198 1,587 1,108 1,147 1,683 2,009 2,198 2,194 10,985 13,192 15,280 17,602 17,328 15,524 14,703 15,545 15,582 14,441 19,140 20,574 21,636 22,320 22,536 22,867 24,404 25,348 26,092 26,189 3,038 3,274 3,460 3,647 3,829 3,906 4,061 4,166 4,189 4,001 1,841 1,966 1,912 1,828 1,851 1,955 2,298 2,478 2,612 2,610 4,909 5,244 5.206 5,154 5,208 5,359 6,077 6,477 6,659 6,654 1,485 1,525 1,509 1,481 1,461 1,481 1,675 1,728 1,800 1,828 3,665 3.905 4.066 4.130 4,145 4,222 4,697 5,025 5.181 5.239 996 1,340 2.213 2.905 2,928 2.808 2.254 1.892 1,863 1,908 1950 .... 1951 .... 1952 .... 1953 .... 1954 .... 1955 .... 1956 .... 1957 .... 1958 .... 1959 2 ... 45,197 47,819 48,793 50,202 48,990 50,641 52,369 52,853 51,324 53,268 39,170 41,430 42,185 43,556 42,238 43,727 45,091 45,239 43,483 45,186 18,506 19,959 20,198 21,074 19,751 20,513 21,104 20,964 19,513 20,411 901 929 898 866 791 792 822 828 751 732 2,364 2,637 2,668 2,659 2,646 2,839 3,039 2,962 2,817 3,004 15,241 16,393 16,632 17,549 16,314 16,882 17,243 17,174 15,945 16,675 26,691 27,860 28,595 29,128 29,239 30,128 31,266 31,889 31,811 32,857 4,034 4,226 4,248 4,290 4,084 4,141 4,244 4,241 3,976 4,011 2,643 2,735 2,821 2,862 2,875 2,934 3,027 3,037 2,989 3,092 6,743 7,007 7,184 7,385 7,360 7,601 7,831 7,848 7,761 8,035 1,956 2,035 2,111 2,200 2,298 2,389 2,438 2,481 2,549 5.356 5.547 5,699 5,835 5,969 6,240 6,497 6,708 6,765 7,087 1,928 2.302 2.420 2,305 2.188 2,187 2.209 2.217 2.191 2.233 1.168 1.250 1.328 1,415 1.484 3,558 3.819 4,071 4,232 4,366 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 54,189 53,999 55,549 56,653 58,283 60,765 63,901 65,803 67,897 70,384 45,836 45,404 46,660 47,429 48,686 50,689 53,116 54,413 56,058 58,189 20,434 19,857 20,451 20,640 21,005 21,926 23,158 23,308 23,737 24,361 712 672 650 635 634 632 627 613 606 619 2,926 2,859 2,948 3,010 3,097 3,232 3,317 3,248 3,350 3,575 16,796 16,326 16,853 16,995 17,274 18,062 19,214 19,447 19,781 20,167 33,755 34,142 35,098 36,013 37,278 38,839 40,743 42,495 44,160 46,023 4,004 3,903 3,906 3,903 3,951 4,036 4,158 4,268 4,318 4,442 3,153 3,142 3,207 3,258 3,347 3,477 3,608 3,700 3,791 3,919 8,238 8,195 8,359 8,520 8,812 9,239 9,637 9,906 10,308 10,785 2,628 2,688 2,754 2,830 2,911 2,977 3,058 3,185 3,337 3,512 7,378 7,619 7,982 8.660 9.036 9.498 10.045 10.567 11,169 2.270 2.279 2.340 2.358 2,348 2.378 2.564 2,719 2,737 2,758 1,536 1,607 1,668 1.747 1,856 1.996 2.141 2.302 2.442 2,533 4.547 4,708 4,881 5,121 5,392 5,700 6,080 6,371 6,660 6.904 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 70,880 71,214 73,675 76,790 78,265 76,945 79,382 82,471 86,697 89,823 58,325 58,331 60,341 63,058 64,095 62,259 84,511 67,344 71,026 73,876 23,578 22,935 23,668 24,893 24,794 22,600 23,352 24,346 25,585 26,461 623 609 628 642 697 752 779 813 851 958 3,588 3,704 3,889 4,097 4,020 3,525 3,576 3,851 4,229 4,463 19,367 18,623 19,151 20,154 20,077 18,323 18,997 19,682 20,505 21,040 47,302 48,278 50,007 51,897 53,471 54,345 56,030 58,125 61,113 63,363 4,515 4,476 4,541 4,656 4,725 4,542 4,582 4,713 4,923 5,136 4,006 4,014 4,127 4,291 4,447 4,430 4,562 4,723 4,985 5,221 11,034 11,338 11,822 12,315 12,539 12,630 13,193 13,792 14,556 14,972 3,645 3,772 3,908 4,046 4,148 4,165 4,271 4.467 4,724 4.975 11,548 11,797 12,276 12,857 13,441 13,892 14,551 15.302 16.252 17.112 2.731 2,696 2,684 2.663 2.724 2,748 2,733 2.727 2.753 2.773 2.664 2.747 2,859 2,923 3.039 3.179 3,273 3,377 3,474 3,541 7,158 7,437 7,790 8,146 8,407 8,758 8,865 9,023 9.446 9.633 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 90,406 91,156 89,566 90,200 94,496 97,519 99,525 102,200 105,536 108,413 74,166 75,126 73,729 74,330 78,472 81,125 82,832 85,190 88,150 90,644 25,658 25,497 23,813 23,334 24,727 24,859 24,558 24,708 25,173 25,326 1,027 1,139 1,128 952 966 927 777 717 713 700 4,346 4,188 3,905 3,948 4,383 4,673 4,816 4,967 5,110 5,200 20,285 20,170 18,781 18,434 19,378 19,260 18,965 19,024 19,350 19,426 64,748 65,659 65,753 66,866 69,769 72,660 74,967 77,492 80,363 83,087 5,146 5,165 5,082 4,954 5,159 5,238 5,255 5,372 5,527 5,648 5,292 5,376 5,296 5,286 5,574 5,736 5,774 5,865 6,055 6,271 15,018 15,172 15,161 15,595 16,526 17,336 17,909 18,462 19,077 19.580 5,160 5,298 5,341 5,468 5,689 5,955 6,283 6,547 6,649 6,724 17.890 18,619 19,036 19.694 20,797 21,999 23,053 24,235 25,669 27,096 2.866 2,772 2.739 2.774 2,807 2.875 2.899 2.943 2.971 2.988 3.610 3.640 3.640 3.662 3,734 3,832 3.893 3.967 4,076 4.175 9,765 9.619 9,458 9,434 9.482 9.687 9,901 10,100 10,339 10,606 0) 8,277 905 () o o o () 0 () () o 01 () o * Monthly data, seasonally adjusted 1989: August September October November December 1990: January February March April May June JulyP AugustP 1 108,628 108,868 108,980 109,245 109,383 90,797 90,985 91,096 91,344 91,456 25,356 25,304 25,283 25,280 25,218 706 709 710 716 718 5,220 5,225 5,239 5,258 5,216 19,430 19,370 19,334 19,306 19,284 83,272 83,564 83,697 83,965 84,165 5.561 5,656 5,671 5,693 5,776 6,294 6,303 6,313 6,335 6,344 19,620 19,634 19,665 19,714 19,710 6,740 6,753 6,756 6,774 6,785 27,226 27,335 27,408 27,548 27,623 2,996 2,992 2,986 2,982 2,977 4,191 4.215 4,202 4,212 4,206 10,644 10,676 10,696 10,707 10,744 109,654 109,958 110,122 110,177 110,617 110,829 110,740 110,665 91,656 91,917 91,963 91,922 92,120 92,282 92,291 92,279 25,188 25.339 25,259 25,180 25,191 25,162 25,100 25,008 723 727 729 734 738 744 743 736 5,294 5,368 5,313 5,256 5,286 5,270 5,231 5,191 19,171 19,244 19,217 19,190 19,167 19,148 19,126 19,081 84,466 84,619 84,863 84,997 85,426 85,667 85,640 85,657 5,790 5,804 5,808 5,809 5,833 5,846 5,840 5,849 6,356 6,357 6,361 6,363 6,369 6,383 6,377 6,383 19,807 19,758 19.764 19,778 19,795 19,822 19,847 19,831 6,794 6,817 6,821 6.823 6,838 6,844 6,843 6,852 27,721 27,842 27.950 27,969 28,094 28,225 28,284 28,356 3,000 3.005 3,089 3,151 3,346 3,338 3,161 3,038 4,225 4,239 4,249 4,252 4.262 4.296 4,310 4,332 10,773 10,797 10,821 10,852 Not available. Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark month. 2 10.913 10.978 11,016 P = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional information. 73 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry (In thousands) Industry 1987 SIC Code Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Mining 689 718 748 750 July 1990p 539 540 62.8 8.8 14.7 46.7 6.7 11.1 46.8 6.7 11.2 49.6 7.1 12.4 49.9 7.3 12.0 96.8 89.1 121.8 113.9 127.8 119.1 126.1 117.8 252.8 95.0 154.3 255.9 94.3 158.0 273.4 94.4 176.0 275.9 94.8 178.1 90.0 34.3 90.0 34.2 88.6 33.6 88.4 33.3 4,348 4,408 4,292 4,352 10 101 102 58.8 8.1 14.0 59.0 8.1 14.0 Coal mining Bituminous coal and lignite mining 12 122 125.2 115.6 151.3 141.5 157.4 146.7 156.2 145.9 Oil and gas extraction Crude petroleum and natural gas Oil and gas field services 13 131 138 388.0 196.0 187.5 390.8 195.1 191.1 412.1 195.2 213.0 415.2 196.3 215.1 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels Crushed and broken stone Sand and gravel Chemical and fertilizer minerals 14 142 144 147 117.4 43.3 38.1 16.7 116.9 43.0 38.1 16.6 116.1 42.9 36.8 16.7 116.0 42.8 37.1 16.5 5,510 5,567 5,470 5,534 Construction General building contractors Residential building construction Operative builders Nonresidential building construction 15 152 153 154 Heavy construction, except building Highway and street construction Heavy construction, except highway 16 161 162 Special trade contractors Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning Painting and paper hanging Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering Carpentry and floor work Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work 17 171 172 173 174 175 176 Aug. 1990p Durable goods 24 241 242 2421 2426 243 2431 2434 2435 2436 244 245 2451 249 413.5 5,534 538 4,352 1,405.6 1,422.6 1,375.5 1,386.3 1,378.6 1,037.4 1,054.7 1,007.2 1,018.2 726.0 733.9 703.7 707.7 500.8 505.0 523.4 531.6 42.7 16.8 43.1 38.8 16.6 39.0 19.2 19.3 636.9 645.6 633.0 639.6 494.8 503.8 489.8 496.4 847.0 279.6 567.4 858.9 282.4 576.5 860.1 284.7 575.4 866.0 293.0 573.0 713.6 235.1 478.5 19,256 19,064 19,168 11,368 11,412 11,267 11,122 11,121 770.6 92.4 204.1 165.6 35.2 274.7 111.4 73.5 24.3 35.0 45.3 67.1 44.2 87.0 771.8 92.7 203.9 164.9 35.7 274.2 111.1 73.3 24.3 34.7 45.1 67.9 45.0 88.0 758.4 89.3 201.9 163.4 35.4 270.6 110.1 74.0 24.0 34.2 45.0 64.9 44.0 86.7 756.6 91.9 201.0 162.8 34.9 268.1 108.6 72.9 23.6 34.2 44.9 65.3 44.9 85.4 727.0 238.0 489.0 726.3 242.4 483.9 731.1 250.0 481.1 2,596.7 2,625.8 2,558.2 2,603.1 501.3 501.7 484.8 493.1 160.3 163.2 154.5 159.8 441.8 447.3 442.7 454.4 459.2 464.5 467,7 477.6 171.4 174.9 147.8 147.8 183.3 188.3 177.8 182.8 3,257.3 3,285.4 3,234.2 3,281.8 674.5 674.1 659.1 668.5 190.5 183.9 190.1 192.7 567.3 572.5 570.2 581.5 531.1 536.9 541.2 552.3 215.1 194.9 194.0 218.9 226.9 232.5 222.2 227.1 19,368 19,519 Manufacturing 749 515 Metal mining Iron ores Copper ores June 1990 486 62.6 8.6 15.3 74 Aug. 1989 91,397 91,636 93,150 93,000 93,104 74,150 74,398 75,590 75,428 75,511 Total private See footnotes at end of table. July 1989 108,241 108,366 111,774 110,478 110,346 Total Lumber and wood products Logging Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ... Millwork, plywood, and structural members Millwork Wood kitchen cabinets Hardwood veneer and plywood Softwood veneer and plywood Wood containers Wood buildings and mobile homes Mobile homes Miscellaneous wood products Aug. 1990p 755.7 13,169 13,324 13,090 12,917 13,030 7,543 7,592 7,494 7,361 7,372 639.6 76.9 178.5 145.0 30.8 223.8 88.5 58.8 21.1 31.6 38.5 51.1 36.3 70.8 640.5 77.3 178.2 144.2 31.3 223.7 88.5 58.6 21.1 31.4 38.1 51.5 36.8 71.7 626.1 74.2 176.0 142.2 31.2 218.6 86.7 58.9 20.6 30.7 38.0 49.0 35.6 70.3 625.0 76.8 175.0 141.5 30.7 216.6 85.4 58.2 20.3 30.6 38.0 49.4 36.5 69.2 624.8 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Durable goods—Continued Furniture and fixtures Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Public building and related furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures 1987 SIC Code Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 25 251 2511 2512 2514 2515 252 253 254 259 518.8 295.2 131.3 98.7 22.6 28.5 72.9 32.2 81.6 36.9 522.0 297.3 132.5 99.8 21.6 29.3 71.6 33.3 82.6 37.2 514.1 292.6 127.9 100.4 23.0 28.7 68.2 32.2 84.0 37.1 501.8 282.3 122.7 98.3 21.0 28.3 68.3 30.4 84.0 36.8 510.5 Stone, clay, and glass products Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Products of purchased glass Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Concrete block and brick Concrete products, nee Ready-mixed concrete Misc. nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products Asbestos products Mineral wool 32 321 322 3221 3229 323 324 325 326 327 3271 3272 3273 329 3291 3292 3296 578.6 16.8 86.8 43.2 43.6 57.2 19.5 38.1 40.5 222.1 20.8 75.0 106.8 83.6 22.2 7.0 24.6 578.9 16.9 87.2 43.6 43.6 57.7 19.3 38.1 40.5 221.5 20.8 74.7 106.6 83.7 22.1 6.9 25.2 567.7 16.5 85.4 42.8 42.6 55.1 19.4 37.5 39.9 216.1 20.1 72.0 105.0 83.1 21.7 7.4 24.4 561.8 16.5 83.9 42.2 41.7 54.0 19.5 36.9 38.8 215.1 19.8 71.5 104.7 82.8 21.6 7.5 24.2 561.5 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Blast furnaces and steel mills Steel pipe and tubes Iron and steel foundries Gray and ductile iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries, nee Primary nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries (castings) Aluminum founderies 33 331 3312 3317 332 3321 3322 3325 333 3334 335 3351 3353 3357 336 3365 766.2 280.9 211.6 25.2 134.0 80.7 8.9 29.0 46.3 26.2 174.3 23.8 27.6 72.0 85.5 24.8 771.4 279.6 210.8 24.9 137.2 83.8 8.9 29.1 46.0 26.0 177.2 24.1 27.7 74.5 86.2 25.5 760.1 272.2 204.4 25.0 135.5 83.5 9.0 28.2 46.0 25.8 176.0 23.2 28.6 73.8 85.9 23.9 750.9 272.0 204.5 25.2 132.1 80.9 8.2 28.2 46.2 25.8 172.7 22.6 28.6 71.4 83.8 23.1 755.0 273.0 _ 34 Fabricated metal products Metal cans and shipping containers 341 3411 Metal cans 342 Cutlery, handtools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ..... 3423,5 3429 Hardware, nee 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 3432 Plumbing fixture fittings and trim 3433 Heating equipment, except electric 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3441 Fabricated structural metal 3442 Metal doors, sash, and trim 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 3444 Sheet metal work 3446 Architectural metal work _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 410.9 248.3 114.5 82.3 17.6 21.9 53.2 25.1 59.2 25.1 415.7 250.4 115.7 83.2 16.7 22.5 53.2 26.3 60.3 25.5 406.3 244.4 110.1 83.7 18.4 21.9 50.7 25.0 60.7 25.5 395.5 235.1 105.0 82.1 16.5 21.6 50.9 23.3 60.9 25.3 403.0 _ 453.1 13.6 74.8 39.2 35.6 44.0 15.0 29.7 32.0 171.3 13.5 57.3 85.5 61.9 15.9 5.3 - 453.4 13.6 75.2 39.6 35.6 44.5 14.8 29.4 32.3 170.8 13.6 57.0 85.2 62.0 15.8 5.2 - 443.3 13.0 73.7 38.6 35.1 42.3 14.9 29.1 31.4 165.9 13.3 54.1 83.9 61.8 15.4 5.6 - 437.2 13.1 71.9 37.9 34.0 41.0 15.0 28.5 30.6 165.0 13.0 53.9 83.3 61.4 15.3 5.7 - 437.0 _ _ _ _ 582.8 216.4 164.5 19.0 106.6 65.7 6.8 22.8 34.3 20.2 124.4 18.1 18.4 52.1 67.9 19.6 588.0 215.6 164.2 18.7 109.9 68.8 6.9 22.8 34.1 20.0 126.9 18.5 18.4 54.2 68.3 20.3 578.2 209.0 158.5 18.6 108.1 68.1 6.9 22.1 33.6 19.4 127.3 17.7 19.3 54.3 67.7 18.9 569.5 208.2 157.9 18.8 105.4 66.1 6.2 22.0 33.9 19.5 124.0 17.1 19.3 51.8 65.8 18.0 572.6 208.3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - 1,431.0 1,436.8 1,423.2 1,403.4 1,411.4 1,055.6 1,062.6 1,050.8 1,032.7 1,041.2 53.5 53.3 53.2 53.0 45.4 _ 46.1 46.1 45.6 _ 43.2 42.9 42.8 42.7 _ 37.6 37.5 37.1 37.2 _ _ 130.2 129.8 129.2 127.4 95.6 95.5 92.9 94.8 44.1 44.3 44.5 44.0 _ 32.1 32.4 32.2 32.6 _ 74.8 73.8 72.7 71.6 52.8 54.0 55.7 54.9 62.7 62.7 62.7 60.5 45.2 45.2 42.8 44.9 27.3 27.4 _ 27.3 26.6 20.2 20.3 20.4 19.8 _ 21.8 22.5 21.5 21.9 14.7 15.3 14.6 14.2 _ 433.5 434.5 427.4 427.4 309.8 311.3 303.8 304.0 _ 77.8 77.7 77.2 76.8 55.8 56.0 55.4 55.3 _ 78.9 78.8 76.9 . 77.5 57.8 58.2 56.7 56.0 _ _ 107.3 108.1 108.7 108.9 72.1 73.1 72.6 73.1 97.1 94.1 _ 96.9 94.4 71.1 73.3 73.5 71.0 30.0 29.9 28.7 28.8 21.8 21.7 20.5 20.4 - See footnotes at end of table. 75 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Durable goods—Continued Fabricated metal products—Continued Screw machine products, bolts, etc Screw machine products Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal forgings and stampings Iron and steel forgings Automotive stampings Metal stampings, nee Metal services, nee Plating and polishing Metal coating and allied services Ordnance and accessories, nee Ammunition, except for small arms, nee Miscellaneous fabricated metal products Valves and pipe fittings, nee Misc. fabricated wire products 1987 SIC Pnrie vUUC 345 3451 3452 346 3462 3465 3469 347 3471 3479 348 3483 349 3494 3496 Industrial machinery and equipment Engines and turbines Turbines and turbine generator sets Internal combustion engines, nee Farm and garden machinery Farm machinery and equipment Construction and related machinery Construction machinery Mining machinery Oil and gas field machinery Conveyors and conveying equipment Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tools, metal forming types Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures Machine tool accessories Power driven handtools Special industry machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery Food products machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and pumping equipment Ball and roller bearings Air and gas compressors Blowers and fans Speed changers, drives, and gears Power transmission equipment, nee Computer and office equipment Electronic computers Computer terminals, calculators, and office machines, nee Refrigeration and service machinery Refrigeration and heating equipment Misc. industrial and commercial machinery Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee 35 351 3511 3519 352 3523 353 3531 3532 3533 3535 3537 354 3541 3542 3544 3545 3546 355 3552 3555 3556 356 3561 3562 3563 3564 3566 3568 357 3571 Electronic and other electrical equipment Electric distribution equipment Transformers, except electronic Switchgear and switchboard apparatus Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Relays and industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans 36 361 3612 3613 362 3621 3625 363 3632 3633 3634 See footnotes at end of table. 76 3575,8,9 358 3585 359 3592 3596,9 Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 98.2 46.9 51.3 222.4 32.6 99.9 77.3 118.4 75.4 43.0 74.8 43.7 237.3 29.7 54.0 98.1 46.9 51.2 226.1 31.8 101.8 79.8 121.1 78.2 42.9 74.1 43.4 237.1 29.8 54.4 June 1990 97.5 47.0 50.5 226.7 32.1 103.0 79.3 121.1 77.5 43.6 68.4 38.9 237.0 29.6 54.9 July 1990p 95.3 46.2 49.1 220.5 31.3 99.7 77.4 118.1 75.0 43.1 68.4 38.9 232.8 28.9 53.5 Aug. 1990p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - July 1989 74.4 37.9 36.5 175.9 25.1 82.8 58.4 93.7 60.2 33.5 44.6 22.9 170.3 19.1 41.0 Aug. 1989 74.7 38.2 36.5 179.0 24.4 84.5 60.4 96.0 62.6 33.4 44.4 23.0 170.4 19.3 41.2 June 1990 74.8 38.1 36.7 179.8 24.6 86.2 59.9 95.0 61.1 33.9 42.8 21.7 169.3 19.0 41.5 July 1990p 72.7 37.4 35.3 174.2 23.8 83.2 58.1 91.9 58.6 33.3 43.4 22.2 165.4 18.4 40.2 Aug. 1990p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 2,128.8 2,124.8 2,116.2 2,096.8 2,087.4 1,279.5 1,276.0 1,274.7 1,256.7 1,248.1 _ 90.7 58.7 59.3 _ 90.9 90.4 91.9 58.2 59.8 _ _ 26.1 27.8 16.3 28.2 15.1 16.1 15.1 25.9 _ _ 64.1 44.2 65.0 64.3 41.9 62.5 43.6 43.7 _ _ 78.4 108.5 72.3 83.1 70.5 99.5 101.8 113.1 58.0 81.6 55.1 59.5 54.0 77.4 78.7 82.9 _ _ 222.4 221.3 227.3 226.6 140.1 136.0 135.3 140.1 _ 84.1 52.7 _ 84.0 82.7 84.8 52.2 51.7 52.6 _ 16.6 17.3 10.9 17.3 10.1 10.0 16.3 10.8 _ _ 39.4 41.6 23.0 22.7 39.3 41.2 25.9 25.1 _ _ 34.7 19.0 34.2 18.7 19.1 35.0 34.3 19.1 _ _ 29.0 19.3 28.3 28.3 29.1 19.6 19.5 19.8 _ _ 240.0 239.8 236.8 233.8 336.4 336.4 331.9 328.0 30.1 _ 46.9 31.6 31.9 49.6 49.3 47.8 30.6 _ _ 18.4 11.7 11.9 18.5 18.6 11.5 11.6 18.6 _ _ 113.1 113.5 114.5 113.0 147.2 147.3 147.9 146.1 38.7 _ 55.0 41.5 41.5 58.5 58.6 55.6 39.1 _ 13.7 20.2 15.0 14.4 14.9 21.1 21.5 20.9 _ _ 161.2 159.4 158.3 92.8 96.9 94.1 97.3 162.1 _ _ 12.6 12.5 18.9 12.6 12.6 19.1 19.1 18.9 12.7 23.5 14.8 12.9 15.1 26.1 25.5 23.5 _ _ 14.6 24.1 24.2 14.3 23.9 14.5 14.6 24.2 157.2 156.0 156.7 155.6 243.8 242.5 244.9 244.2 16.5 29.0 16.6 16.5 16.6 28.4 28.6 29.1 33.6 _ 43.7 33.8 33.7 _ 33.9 43.7 43.4 43.6 _ _ 13.7 13.8 24.4 25.3 14.3 25.2 14.3 24.5 _ _ 31.7 32.3 21.7 32.2 21.3 21.6 32.0 21.9 11.5 _ 16.3 11.4 11.5 11.5 16.1 16.1 16.3 18.8 13.0 12.6 _ 19.4 19.1 18.7 _ 13.3 12.7 _ _ 141.4 139.7 147.8 148.1 463.0 463.4 447.4 444.9 80.3 293.6 292.8 276.7 274.4 79.5 70.6 69.0 70.7 193.6 137.4 317.1 24.0 241.9 71.2 191.2 135.2 316.6 23.5 241.9 68.5 185.8 131.9 314.5 23.3 242.0 68.4 183.9 131.0 311.7 23.2 239.9 _ - 21.8 139.8 102.5 231.6 18.7 183.9 22.2 137.7 100.7 231.2 18.1 184.0 21.3 131.9 96.9 230.8 19.0 183.6 21.3 129.8 95.8 228.3 18.9 181.4 _ _ _ _ - 1,744.2 1,752.4 1,706.1 1,684 3 1,680.7 1,096.1 1,104.7 1,078.1 1,057.3 1,058.3 94.1 69.7 96.2 99.8 64.9 70.8 98.9 66.9 _ _ 48.6 50.5 32.6 47.0 35.3 36.2 34.4 49.5 _ _ 47.1 34.4 49.4 49.3 47.6 32.3 34.6 32.5 _ _ 126.6 125.0 121.8 118.3 177.9 176.2 173.2 169.6 64.6 67.1 _ 70.6 _ 88.3 , 86.0 83.4 69.1 89.6 _ _ 67.9 42.2 40.1 66.4 67.3 42.1 40.9 68.1 _ _ 105.9 107.7 106.3 102.7 132.5 134.4 132.2 129.0 _ _ 24.4 29.4 29.4 29.5 24.2 24.3 24.8 30.4 17.1 16.8 _ 16.9 21.2 16.8 21.3 21.4 20.7 26.8 35.1 27.6 29.2 27.9 37.4 36.1 35.5 - ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) SIC UUUc Durable goods—Continued Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Current-carrying wiring devices Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices Residential lighting fixtures Household audio and video equipment Household audio and video equipment Communications equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus Electronic components and accessories Electron tubes Semiconductors and related devices Electronic components, nee Misc. electrical equipment and supplies Storage batteries Engine electrical equipment 364 3641 3643 3644 3645 365 3651 366 3661 367 3671 3674 3679 369 3691 3694 37 371 Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles and car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Aircraft parts and equipment, nee Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts Guided missiles and space vehicles Miscellaneous transportation equipment Travel trailers and campers 3731 3732 374 376 3761 379 3792 Instruments and related products Search and navigation equipment Measuring and controlling devices Environmental controls Process control instruments Instruments to measure electricity Medical instruments and supplies Surgical and medical instruments Surgical appliances and supplies Ophthalmic goods Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts 38 381 382 3822 3823 3825 384 3841 3842 385 386 387 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Jewelry, precious metal Musical instruments Toys and sporting goods Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Costume jewelry Miscellaneous manufactures Signs and advertising specialties 39 391 3911 393 3711 3713 3714 3715 372 3721 3724 3728 373 394 3942,4 3949 395 396 3961 399 3993 Production workers1 All employees 1987 Industry July 1989 192.1 26.2 74.6 15.9 25.0 87.7 66.1 273.1 141.4 616.1 35.0 252.4 152.3 165.9 27.0 70.4 Aug. 1989 193.0 25.5 74.7 16.2 26.1 89.2 67.3 273.2 142.0 618.0 35.1 252.2 152.3 168.6 29.2 70.3 June 1990 189.8 25.2 73.9 16.1 23.9 86.7 64.7 260.8 132.1 601.3 34.2 245.9 147.3 165.9 29.1 68.5 July 1990p 186.5 25.1 72.9 15.7 23.2 85.3 63.6 259.6 131.6 597.3 34.1 245.4 145.4 162.9 27.9 68.1 Aug. July 1990 p 1989 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 137.9 22.3 48.2 11.8 18.4 61.1 44.8 137.8 80.1 342.8 23.2 94.6 95.2 114.3 20.2 53.5 Aug. 1989 138.8 21.7 48.3 12.2 19.4 63.1 46.1 137.8 79.9 345.0 23.3 95.2 95.3 116.5 22.3 53.3 June 1990 136.8 21.4 48.1 12.0 17.6 60.7 43.4 132.5 72.7 339.0 22.3 95.3 92.4 114.1 22.5 51.6 July Aug. 1990 p 1990 p 134.0 21.2 47.3 11.4 17.0 59.0 42.0 130.9 71.1 336.0 22.4 95.4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 90.9 111.5 21.5 51.3 _ _ _ - 2,024.7 2,032.3 2,031.4 1,991.8 1,977.7 1,245.3 1,255.1 1,260.5 1,224.5 1,214.7 846.9 836.5 804.8 797.5 633.7 651.2 643.6 611.9 606.2 829.8 _ _ 342.9 333.8 307.8 322.9 232.9 252.9 246.7 221.7 _ 43.2 42.9 33.7 42.8 43.6 33.7 34.0 33.8 _ 412.3 411.4 406.5 412.2 326.6 326.8 325.6 319.7 _ _ 27.4 30.0 28.1 30.5 23.7 24.1 22.2 21.4 _ _ 710.2 715.8 710.7 714.9 344.2 339.7 344.9 342.4 _ _ 386.6 384.3 379.7 386.2 169.3 169.4 164.7 163.0 _ 151.6 157.0 156.9 _ 154.9 73.9 76.9 80.3 79.9 172.0 174.5 174.1 _ 173.8 96.4 98.0 99.9 99.5 _ 188.5 193.3 191.6 192.8 142.7 139.1 147.0 145.7 _ 124.1 _ 130.9 131.8 125.3 86.6 87.4 95.6 96.5 64.4 59.8 62.4 67.5 _ 51.4 52.5 55.3 49.2 _ _ 34.7 33.6 33.3 35.3 24.7 25.0 25.7 26.3 _ 193.8 193.4 189.4 188.6 59.7 57.7 60.1 57.5 136.9 136.4 136.3 137.1 _ _ 38.9 38.5 37.2 37.4 _ 46.8 47.2 47.9 47.5 30.7 31.3 31.4 30.9 17.4 18.9 19.1 17.5 13.5 13.6 14.7 14.6 - 1,027.9 1,029.3 1,003.2 299.9 298.7 284.0 331.4 330.9 322.7 48.8 51.1 51.3 65.8 66.0 66.2 100.4 95.8 100.1 238.8 240.6 244.0 996.9 282.2 320.6 48.7 65.9 95.0 242.0 99.2 89.7 38.7 108.0 11.1 99.3 90.3 39.6 107.9 11.6 101.0 92.8 39.1 102.6 10.8 100.9 92.0 38.9 102.4 10.8 377.6 392.2 53.9 39.1 12.4 106.8 47.8 59.0 35.9 38.9 25.0 144.3 57.8 386.9 52.0 377.4 50.9 36.8 11.4 102.6 43.8 58.8 34.5 36.2 23.1 141.8 57.4 50.3 36.4 12.3 104.9 45.0 59.9 35.8 33.2 21.0 141.1 57.3 37.7 12.0 105.8 44.6 61.2 35.2 38.4 24.3 143.5 57.2 994.8 _ _ _ _ _ 385.9 _ _ _ _ _ - 508.0 99.8 186.3 34.3 35.2 50.2 139.8 509.5 100.1 186.0 34.2 35.2 50.1 140.3 57.4 56.3 26.4 47.5 496.2 94.1 179.4 33.0 34.3 57.3 56.7 27.5 47.2 48.0 143.7 58.5 58.4 26.9 43.9 491.0 92.5 177.8 33.1 34.0 47.4 141.8 58.2 57.8 26.8 43.9 8.2 8.4 8.2 8.2 272.3 35.0 25.4 10.1 76.3 31.6 44.7 24.9 25.2 15.8 100.8 39.3 286.6 38.3 27.6 10.2 78.1 34.3 43.8 25.0 31.4 20.3 103.6 39.8 279.9 36.3 26.1 271.4 35.4 25.2 9.8 9.2 76.7 31.1 45.6 24.6 29.1 18.1 103.4 40.0 74.2 30.6 43.6 24.0 26.6 16.5 102.0 40.2 491.9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 280.4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - See footnotes at end of table. 77 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry 1987 SIC uUUc Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats Poultry slaughtering and processing Dairy products Cheese, natural and processed Fluid milk Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Canned fruits and vegetables Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds, nee Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products, except bread Sugar and confectionery products Raw cane sugar Cane sugar refining Beet sugar Candy and other confectionery products Fats and oils Beverages Malt beverages Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. food and kindred products 20 201 2011 2013 2015 202 2022 2026 203 2032 2033 2037 204 2041 2048 205 2051 2052,3 206 2061 2062 2063 2064 207 208 2082 2086 209 Tobacco products Cigarettes 21 211 Textile mill products Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics Broadwoven fabric mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Weft knit fabric mills Textile finishing, except wool Finishing plants, cotton Finishing plants, synthetics Carpets and rugs Yarn and thread mills Yarn spinning mills Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods 22 221 222 223 224 225 2251 2252 2253 2254 2257 226 2261 2262 227 228 2281 2282 229 Apparel and other textile products Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts Men's and boys' trousers and slacks Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and shirts Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee 23 231 232 2321 2325 2326 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 See footnotes at end of table. 78 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 Production workers July 1990p Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 7,989 7,942 8,047 5,626 5,732 5,596 5,556 5,658 8,000 8,107 1,688.3 1,729.6 1,644.5 1,686 1 1,731.2 1,214.4 1,255.7 1,176.9 1,218.5 1,262.8 350.1 412.5 416.2 418.3 419.3 356.2 353.3 355.1 _ 116.1 _ 137.9 138.2 139.7 138.6 115.6 117.2 116.0 _ 64.2 62.9 62.4 _ 85.8 85.5 85.1 84.5 63.5 176.4 173.2 171.6 _ 195.6 194.6 191.4 189.4 175.6 _ 97.2 97.2 98.8 100.1 _ 157.5 157.6 160.2 161.3 _ 33.1 32.9 33.3 33.5 42.6 42.5 43.1 43.6 _ 37.1 37.3 38.3 38.5 _ 74.2 74.5 75.7 75.6 _ 195.9 233.8 234.4 263.7 _ 237.6 276.2 279.9 310.1 _ 17.5 _ 23.4 22.8 25.8 23.9 18.2 19.4 17.4 _ 95.6 121.9 97.1 _ 108.5 75.1 138.2 112.1 62.5 _ 50.7 54.4 49.4 _ 58.1 55.9 60.5 56.0 49.0 _ 87.8 87.0 87.2 85.8 _ 126.5 127.2 126.0 124.0 _ 13.8 13.9 14.2 14.2 22.2 22.1 21.4 20.8 _ 27.7 27.3 27.4 27.1 43.5 44.0 43.8 43.5 _ 131.9 134.4 133.9 214.5 215.0 210.2 209.3 132.3 88.0 89.9 90.2 152.4 153.0 157.2 157.3 88.1 57.2 92.0 5.3 5.4 7.3 44.9 30.4 197.5 42.0 109.8 176.2 57.8 99.8 6.3 5.4 7.7 50.5 30.2 195.9 41.8 108.8 176.2 57.2 99.2 5.6 5.4 7.6 50.0 29.8 188.6 40.7 106.8 176.0 56.9 100.4 4.9 5.5 7.5 51.9 29.5 189.2 40.6 107.6 178.2 46.2 36.3 48.4 35.8 43.6 34.3 43.6 34.6 715.3 94.4 83.9 18.5 23.6 215.1 32.4 39.8 66.6 29.8 27.8 59.9 24.0 23.1 63.6 104.8 83.5 14.8 51.5 726.6 95.7 84.2 19.2 25.1 218.5 32.7 40.6 67.9 29.7 28.0 61.4 24.9 23.6 64.1 106.0 84.5 15.0 52.4 706.0 91.1 81.9 18.0 24.2 210.6 32.8 39.1 64.5 27.6 27.6 61.1 25.8 23.1 65.1 102.9 82.2 14.3 51.1 692.8 87.3 80.2 17.6 23.5 207.8 32.3 38.9 64.2 26.4 27.4 60.4 25.1 23.3 65.1 99.9 79.6 14.0 51.0 1,044.4 1,07^.8 1,038.6 49.5 52.5 53.0 275.8 280.7 287.1 65.0 68.6 67.0 84.8 85.6 87.9 44.6 46.9 46.2 341.6 325.3 328.1 40.1 42.5 43.3 72.1 75.9 69.7 39.5 40.0 39.2 173.6 176.7 182.4 _ 43.7 70.3 3.6 4.1 5.8 36.4 22.3 84.7 25.8 36.7 132.8 44.5 77.8 4.5 4.1 6.2 42.0 22.1 84.4 25.8 36.2 134.0 44.2 76.0 4.0 4.1 6.0 40.0 21.2 79.9 24.4 35.6 131.5 43.9 77.1 3.4 4.1 5.9 41.9 21.1 80.3 24.5 36.2 133.9 48.0 - 33.1 26.4 35.9 26.4 31.4 25.6 31.1 25.6 35.0 - 704.8 _ _ _ _ 617.6 84.7 74.3 14.8 19.9 189.0 29.1 36.1 59.1 25.1 24.2 49.1 19.6 18.6 51.6 94.2 75.1 13.2 40.0 628.0 86.0 74.5 15.5 21.3 192.2 29.3 36.9 60.3 25.1 24.4 50.3 20.3 18.9 52.1 95.5 76.2 13.4 40.6 606.4 81.4 72.0 14.5 20.4 183.9 29.3 35.1 56.6 23.6 23.8 49.6 20.8 18.6 53.2 92.1 73.9 12.5 39.3 593.8 77.8 70.5 14.2 19.8 181.2 28.8 34.8 56.5 22.4 23.6 48.8 20.1 18.5 53.0 89.3 71.4 12.3 39.2 603.8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 876.5 44.9 241.6 56.9 74.8 40.1 273.3 35.0 57.4 32.7 148.2 905.8 45.2 248.1 58.3 77.2 40.8 285.6 35.7 62.8 33.5 153.6 871.7 41.6 237.4 55.3 73.8 38.5 271.7 32.8 59.3 32.9 146.7 832.3 39.7 225.6 51.6 69.4 38.0 256.8 30.9 54.6 33.6 137.7 859.9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 997.7 1,026.2 47.6 _ 263.0 _ 60.8 _ 80.3 _ 43.9 _ 309.6 _ 38.2 _ 67.0 _ 40.4 164.0 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry 1987 SIC Cnrie* uUUc Nondurable goods—Continued Apparel and other textile products—Continued Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments Girl's and children's outerwear Girl's and children's dresses and blouses Misc. apparel and accessories Misc. fabricated textile products Curtains and draperies House furnishings, nee Automotive and apparel trimmings Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 234 2341 2342 236 2361 238 239 2391 2392 2396 64.3 51.7 12.6 58.4 22.7 44.2 198.5 24.8 52.8 45.2 66.4 52.9 13.5 57.9 22.2 45.7 205.4 25.6 55.4 46.3 61.5 48.9 12.6 57.9 22.2 43.6 206.3 24.4 54.2 50.1 60.0 48.1 11.9 56.8 21.5 42.5 199.7 23.1 53.2 47.9 Paper and allied products Paper mills Paperboard mills Paperboard containers and boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers Folding paperboard boxes Misc. converted paper products Paper, coated and laminated, nee Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated Envelopes 26 262 263 265 2653 2656 2657 267 2672 2673 2677 703.1 180.6 52.8 209.7 117.7 14.8 51.5 243.2 44.6 33.4 26.7 703.9 180.3 52.8 210.6 118.0 14.6 51.5 243.4 44.5 33.6 27.0 705.7 180.8 52.5 211.0 119.1 15.6 50.9 244.1 44.7 34.1 27.1 704.7 181.3 52.3 209.0 117.7 15.3 50.7 244.8 44.9 34.2 26.3 Printing and publishing Newspapers Periodicals Books Book publishing Book printing Miscellaneous publishing Commercial printing Commercial printing, lithographic Commercial printing, nee Manifold business forms Blankbooks and bookbinding Printing trade services 27 271 272 273 2731 2732 274 275 2752 2759 276 278 279 Chemicals and allied products Industrial inorganic chemicals Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Organic fibers, noncellulosic Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods Soap and other detergents Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations Toilet preparations Paints and allied products Industrial organic chemicals Cyclic crudes and intermediates Industrial organic chemicals, nee Agricultural chemicals Miscellaneous chemical products 28 281 2819 282 2821 2824 283 2834 284 2841 2842,3 2844 285 286 2865 2869 287 289 Petroleum and coal products Petroleum refining Asphalt paving and roofing materials 29 291 295 Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 53.0 44.3 8.7 48.8 19.7 36.5 163.9 20.5 44.1 37.7 55.0 45.7 9.3 48.8 19.3 37.7 171.0 21.3 46.6 38.7 50.5 42.0 8.5 48.7 19.4 35.9 170.5 20.1 45.5 41.3 49.0 41.2 7.8 47.6 18.7 34.8 163.6 18.9 44.3 39.1 525.8 137.1 40.5 162.0 88.4 12.4 41.5 173.0 20.2 25.3 20.6 527.3 136.7 40.3 163.0 88.8 12.2 41.3 174.1 20.2 25.4 21.0 530.3 137.2 40.1 163.0 89.4 13.3 40.9 176.6 22.0 25.3 21.0 529.1 137.4 40.0 161.1 88.1 13.0 40.7 177.2 21.9 25.6 20.4 531.4 _ _ _ _ _ 1,560.4 1,561.1 1,584.7 1,576.3 1,578.3 _ 472.2 471.8 480.3 478.6 _ 131.9 128.5 132.0 129.2 _ 121.0 120.3 119.4 120.4 _ 85.5 85.3 85.0 84.6 _ 35.5 35.0 35.4 34.8 _ 82.5 82.5 82.3 82.1 _ 542.3 553.5 548.0 543.5 _ 358.3 367.3 364.2 358.1 _ 168.6 170.9 168.8 169.8 _ 48.7 49.5 48.4 49.6 _ 76.0 76.8 75.4 76.7 64.0 63.9 63.8 64.0 - 861.9 164.3 45.5 65.3 37.2 28.1 41.2 393.0 259.0 121.7 33.6 59.0 47.3 863.4 164.5 45.8 63.7 35.9 27.8 40.7 395.2 259.5 123.2 33.7 59.6 47.3 878.3 166.3 48.3 65.0 36.7 28.3 42.0 402.6 267.1 123.2 33.8 59.7 46.7 871.9 165.2 48.5 65.1 36.3 28.8 42.0 397.7 264.3 121.5 33.6 58.7 46.5 874.9 _ _ 1,078.8 1,083.3 1,094.7 1,091.4 1,091.5 133.7 136.2 136.7 133.8 _ 89.6 91.7 92.0 89.7 186.9 185.3 186.3 185.6 _ 89.8 90.1 89.9 89.9 _ 66.3 66.8 66.2 66.7 _ 234.8 235.2 239.0 239.8 195.2 198.2 195.6 198.7 _ 158.5 160.6 157.2 162.3 43.7 43.1 43.7 43.1 _ 43.2 45.0 45.0 43.5 72.2 71.9 75.7 68.5 _ 63.4 64.0 63.9 64.5 154.0 149.9 149.9 154.0 _ 29.5 28.5 28.6 29.3 _ 116.8 120.2 116.7 120.4 _ 53.1 53.8 52.2 53.1 100.1 100.4 100.2 99.8 - 606.3 69.3 47.8 120.5 52.5 47.3 103.1 85.8 100.3 27.1 24.0 49.2 32.7 88.1 17.5 67.4 32.8 59.5 610.8 69.9 47.9 121.2 52.8 47.8 103.5 86.2 102.9 27.1 24.3 51.5 32.6 88.6 17.7 67.7 32.1 60.0 605.6 68.1 48.2 120.9 53.1 46.8 106.3 89.5 99.4 28.2 24.5 46.7 32.6 85.8 17.7 65.2 33.3 59.2 603.6 68.8 48.3 120.4 52.8 46.4 107.0 90.3 97.3 28.2 24.5 44.6 33.0 85.8 17.6 65.3 32.6 58.7 602.6 _ _ _ _ 105.6 76.1 22.8 106.0 76.3 23.0 107.8 77.6 23.3 108.1 77.8 23.3 108.4 _ - 160.4 119.3 29.2 160.6 119.4 29.4 163.1 120.8 30.1 163.7 121.3 30.2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 705.8 _ _ _ _ - 164.3 - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - See footnotes at end of table. 79 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry 1987 SIC Code Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p Nondurable goods—Continued Rubber and misc. plastics products Tires and inner tubes Rubber and plastics footwear Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing Rubber and plastics hose and belting .. Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products, nee 30 301 302 305 3052 306 308 873.4 85.6 10.8 59.1 25.8 107.1 610.8 880.8 85.9 10.2 58.7 25.5 107.5 618.5 877.8 83.5 11.0 58.7 25.2 105.0 619.6 864.6 84.1 9.4 58.7 25.1 103.2 609.2 871.0 677.5 64.4 8.8 43.0 19.1 80.5 480.8 684.8 64.5 8.3 42.7 18.9 81.0 488.3 680.4 61.1 8.9 42.4 18.8 79.0 489.0 667.4 61.3 7.7 42.3 18.7 77.5 478.6 674.9 Leather and leather products Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Men's footwear, except athletic Women's footwear, except athletic Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods .... 31 311 314 3143 3144 316 317 129.6 14.2 72.9 31.9 26.1 10.1 15.2 137.5 14.8 77.0 33.1 27.9 11.3 16.6 129.9 14.9 72.6 31.5 26.7 10.9 14.0 121.3 12.8 68.9 30.2 25.3 9.7 13.2 126.3 107.5 11.9 62.2 26.2 23.1 7.3 12.0 114.4 12.4 65.9 27.1 24.8 8.4 13.2 107.5 12.5 61.8 25.5 23.6 7.8 11.1 99.9 10.5 58.4 24.5 22.1 7.0 10.4 104.5 5,675 5,566 5,881 5,842 5,854 4,717 4,634 4,895 4,854 4,866 3,434 3,453 3,649 3,607 3,615 245.2 113.9 245.3 113.5 302.4 122.7 250.3 123.7 26.2 25.9 15.9 15.8 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Railroad transportation Class I railroads2 40 4011 296.9 253.0 298.0 254.0 290.3 245.8 288.8 244.8 Local and interurban passenger transit Local and suburban transportation Taxicabs Intercity and rural bus transportation School buses 41 411 412 413 415 272.9 127.2 32.4 29.0 57.1 273.8 127.9 32.7 28.5 57.2 331.3 136.2 33.0 18.4 112.8 277.3 136.2 32.5 18.3 61.4 Trucking and warehousing Trucking and courier services, except air Public warehousing and storage 42 421 422 Water transportation Water transportation of freight, nee Water transportation services 44 444 449 183.7 14.2 117.6 180.7 14.0 115.3 180.1 13.9 114.4 182.0 13.6 114.8 Transportation by air Air transportation, scheduled Airports, flying fields, and services 45 451 458 700.2 576.8 97.1 708.3 584.0 96.8 792.8 656.4 105.4 800.0 662.3 106.5 Pipelines, except natural gas 46 19.5 19.5 20.2 Transportation services Freight transportation arrangement 47 473 337.0 125.5 339.0 127.8 361.3 132.2 Communications and public utilities Communications Telephone communications Radio and television broadcasting Radio broadcasting stations Television broadcasting stations Cable and other pay television services . Electric, gas, and sanitary services Electric services Gas production and distribution Combination utility services Sanitary services 48 481 483 4832 4833 484 49 491 492 493 495 Wholesale trade Durable goods Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies Automobiles and other motor vehicles ... Motor vehicle supplies and new parts .... See footnotes at end of table. 80 50 501 5012 5013 1,419.8 1,429.6 1,459.8 1,462.0 1,322.2 1,330.5 1,360.2 1,362.0 94.5 96.4 96.9 96.1 1,624.2 1,633.7 1,672.8 1,677.7 1,506.8 1,514.5 1,552.6 1,557.1 113.7 116.9 116.5 115.6 105.6 103.0 101.5 102.1 20.4 14.1 14.1 14.9 15.0 360.6 133.0 100.7 102.7 107.4 107.9 970.3 654.0 192.0 870.2 553.0 192.6 957.7 636.7 193.3 958.7 638.0 193.5 99.7 100.3 106.0 105.8 751.4 343.6 132.2 157.1 95.1 752.6 343.5 132.2 157.7 95.9 755.9 346.6 133.3 157.0 95.4 758.9 347.7 134.1 156.8 96.3 5,091 5,101 5,166 5,160 2,232 2,235 2,113 2,241 1,293.0 1,164.1 1,279.9 1,279.7 774.4 883.0 882.6 904.7 233.2 233.8 232.1 234.3 121.1 121.2 120.5 121.4 112.7 112.0 111.6 112.9 127.5 118.8 118.2 127.6 947.9 447.7 167.6 193.4 109.5 948.8 447.0 167.6 194.1 110.4 952.0 447.4 169.5 194.3 110.6 955.7 447.9 170.6 195.2 111.5 6,315 6,327 6,420 6,417 2,239 6,416 3,745.0 3,749.0 3,798.0 3,794.0 3,789.0 2,999.0 3,001.0 3,027.0 3,021.0 367.6 368.1 370.9 454.7 457.3 455.6 369.3 455.0 121.4 123.1 123.5 121.9 263.5 264.4 262.8 263.5 5,156 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) 1987 SIC Pnrlo vUUc Industry Wholesale trade—Continued Durable goods—Continued Furniture and home furnishings Furniture Home furnishings Lumber and other construction materials Lumber, plywood, and millwork Construction materials, nee Professional and commercial equipment Computers, peripherals and software Metals and minerals, except petroleum Electrical goods Electrical apparatus and equipment Electrical appliances, television and radio sets Electronic parts and equipment Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment Hardware Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies Machinery, equipment, and supplies Construction and mining machinery Farm and garden machinery Industrial machinery and equipment Industrial supplies Misc. wholesale trade durable goods Scrap and waste materials Nondurable goods Paper and paper products Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries Apparel, piece goods, and notions Groceries and related products Groceries, general line Meats and meat products Fresh fruits and vegetables Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and petroleum products Petroleum bulk stations and terminals Petroleum products, nee Beer, wine, and distilled beverages Beer and ale Wine and distilled beverages Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods Farm supplies , 502 5021 5023 503 5031 5039 504 5045 505 506 5063 5064 5065 507 5072 5074 508 5082 5083 5084 5085 509 5093 51 511 512 513 514 5141 5147 5148 516 517 5171 5172 518 5181 5182 519 5191 Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 155.7 72.7 83.0 240.6 123.5 49.7 783.6 309.8 145.9 524.4 202.0 68.3 254.1 290.2 99.1 120.6 839.8 86.4 119.8 356.3 148.7 307.9 113.3 155.8 72.4 83.4 240.9 123.8 49.4 787.5 311.4 145.2 526.4 202.5 69.6 254.3 289.3 98.8 120.2 840.1 86.4 119.7 356.7 148.8 308.6 112.7 153.7 69.8 83.9 245.2 127.1 49.8 792.0 306.0 143.6 542.6 211.1 69.4 262.1 286.5 97.4 119.3 871.0 88.9 124.5 368.2 153.7 308.4 114.9 July 1990p 152.0 69.4 82.6 247.1 128.0 50.6 791.1 303.2 143.4 543.0 210.8 69.3 262.9 286.7 97.5 118.9 869.5 88.9 124.5 366.4 153.8 306.2 113.7 Aug. 1990p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - July 1989 Aug. 1989 126.3 _ _ 197.6 _ 635.3 _ 116.1 397.8 _ _ 235.6 126.5 _ _ 197.6 638.2 _ 115.5 399.1 _ _ _ 670.8 _ 248.2 - 235.3 _ 670.7 _ _ _ 248.8 - June 1990 July 1990p 123.4 _ _ 200.7 _ 639.5 _ 114.5 409.9 _ _ 231.9 123.0 _ _ 202.2 _ _ 636.9 _ 114.2 408.9 _ _ _ 231.5 _ 693.1 _ _ _ _ 246.3 - _ 692.2 _ _ _ 244.4 - 2,570.0 2,578.0 2,622.0 2,623.0 2,627.0 2,092.0 2,100.0 2,139.0 2,139.0 _ 234.0 234.3 230.4 230.3 184.5 184.6 188.6 188.3 189.0 156.0 156.1 188.8 186.3 186.1 158.0 158.5 _ 216.4 214.6 207.7 210.7 164.9 161.9 170.4 168.7 847.2 847.4 862.4 863.9 715.7 716.1 727.1 726.5 _ _ _ _ _ 276.4 277.5 270.8 270.3 _ _ _ _ _ 63.3 63.3 64.2 63.9 _ _ _ _ 109.3 110.5 99.1 102.2 _ 130.7 131.1 92.6 93.2 130.2 130.9 94.5 94.0 _ 213.4 214.2 213.6 213.7 168.9 167.8 169.3 169.7 _ _ _ _ 95.9 94.9 93.6 93.1 _ _ _ _ _ 117.8 118.7 120.6 120.3 _ 157.6 153.4 125.7 156.3 152.8 126.2 128.5 129.9 _ _ _ _ _ 101.1 100.6 98.7 99.0 _ _ _ _ 56.5 55.7 54.1 54.4 _ 480.0 479.0 498.9 499.8 388.2 387.1 404.2 405.2 171.1 170.2 156.7 158.9 19,981 19,946 19,950 17,453 Aug. 1990p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 17,517 17,704 17,671 17,664 670.1 386.8 136.7 690.6 387.2 143.6 680.5 384.6 142.0 _ _ - 53 531 533 539 2,476.2 2,481.9 2,438.3 2,435.7 2,435.7 2,309.3 2,316.2 2,282.7 2,281.9 2,045.1 2,051.7 2,018.8 2,017.7 1,919.5 1,927.1 1,905.0 1,905.8 201.1 201.0 210.0 218.7 218.4 210.5 193.1 192.2 212.4 211.8 209.0 208.0 188.7 188.1 184.6 183.9 - _ _ _ - Food stores Grocery stores Meat and fish markets Dairy products stores Retail bakeries 54 541 542 545 546 3,202.2 3,210? 3,308.9 3,313.5 3,299.7 2,951.1 2,957.0 3,042.6 3,047.3 2,842.5 2,849.6 2,932.5 2,941.2 2,632.9 2,638.4 2,711.2 2,721.3 _ _ _ _ _ 54.7 55.5 55.8 56.1 _ _ _ _ 26.2 25.1 28.7 28.3 172.6 179.9 176.1 173.6 156.4 155.6 160.0 156.4 - _ _ _ - Automotive dealers and service stations New and used car dealers Auto and home supply stores Gasoline service stations Automotive dealers, nee 55 551 553 554 559 2,133.5 2,131.7 2,141.7 2,154.4 2,159.1 1,786.1 1,784.1 1,785.6 1,796.9 _ 960.0 959.6 943.7 952.3 800.6 799.5 783.1 790.8 350.3 351.9 363.2 365.8 282.0 283.2 291.0 294.1 _ 646.8 645.8 647.5 650.5 561.5 560.6 560.7 562.3 11.3 11.4 14.6 14.4 9.3 9.5 11.8 12.1 - _ _ _ _ - 19,673 19,745 Retail trade Building materials and garden supplies Lumber and other building materials Hardware stores 52 521 525 General merchandise stores Department stores Variety stores Miscellaneous general merchandise stores , 811.4 457.5 166.0 805.0 455.6 165.3 829.2 458.5 173.5 817.8 455.6 171.9 _ _ - 675.8 388.3 137.5 See footnotes at end of table. 81 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Retail trade—Continued Apparel and accessory stores Men's and boys' clothing stores . Women's clothing stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores 1987 SIC Code 56 561 562 565 566 Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 1,175.7 1,188.6 1,137.2 1,132.7 107.2 99.3 99.7 107.0 413.9 416.4 393.3 391.1 280.5 284.6 273.6 272.6 223.9 228.8 221.3 221.9 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 987.8 1,000.7 85.9 86.1 348.0 346.8 247.7 242.5 190.5 185.5 949.7 79.4 326.8 236.3 181.6 946.2 79.0 325.2 235.5 182.1 678.0 383.9 678.0 383.4 679.4 385.9 677.4 384.4 70.8 223.3 99.7 48.0 71.4 223.2 99.9 47.5 64.0 229.5 102.2 50.8 63.6 229.4 103.1 50.1 Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture stores Household appliance stores Radio, television, and computer stores .... Radio, television, and electronic stores . Record and prerecorded tape stores 57 571 5712 572 573 5731 5735 Eating and drinking places . 58 6,611.2 6,652.9 6,803.0 6,783.8 6,805.2 6,023.0 6,060.2 6,185.1 6,164.6 Miscellaneous retail establishments Drug stores and proprietary stores Liquor stores Miscellaneous shopping goods stores Sporting goods and bicycle shops Book stores Stationery stores Jewelry stores Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops Sewing, needlework, and piece goods . Nonstore retailers Catalog and mail-order houses Merchandising machine operators Fuel dealers Retail stores, nee 59 591 592 594 5941 5942 5943 5944 5947 5949 596 5961 5962 598 599 2,435.8 2,446.5 2,493.2 2,480.0 602.1 605.5 617.6 612.5 122.6 123.6 123.3 123.8 855.4 860.9 877.5 876.3 160.1 165.9 165.1 158.6 86.9 89.5 89.7 84.4 82.1 81.1 82.1 81.9 152.8 154.3 156.2 152.6 188.7 190.9 190.2 188.9 60.8 61.2 62.5 60.6 265.5 277.2 279.5 266.7 142.3 133.9 134.1 141.4 85.4 82.7 83.9 85.2 109.1 110.9 111.4 108.9 426.8 421.0 404.2 405.1 Finance, insurance, and real estate3 . Finance 827.2 471.9 288.5 85.1 270.2 119.1 55.6 827.8 471.8 287.9 85.2 270.8 119.2 55.7 July 1989 829.0 473.1 288.9 77.8 278.1 122.1 59.8 827.9 472.2 287.8 76.8 278.9 122.8 59.5 6,821 6,915 6,937 6,935 3,334 3,334 3,364 3,367 3,365 2,310.5 2,312.4 2,319.8 2,318.0 1,570.4 1,570.7 1,574.7 1,573.3 674.7 674.2 677.1 677.9 493.5 492.7 473.0 470.4 246.4 246.4 237.5 236.0 247.1 246.3 235.5 234.4 131.5 130.9 136.4 136.0 60 602 6022 603 6035 6036 606 Nondepository institutions Personal credit institutions Business credit institutions Mortgage bankers and brokers . 61 614 615 616 362.3 127.8 76.8 147.7 364.5 128.1 77.8 148.9 374.1 131.2 82.4 151.2 375.4 131.6 82.5 152.0 Security and commodity brokers Security brokers and dealers Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and exchanges Security and commodity services 62 621 433.8 335.9 430.2 332.2 428.7 324.2 430.1 325.0 26.2 71.7 25.9 72.1 26.2 78.3 26.1 79.0 Holding and other investment offices . 67 226.9 226.7 241.3 243.7 622,3 628 2,041.6 2,050.4 2,088.6 2,075.9 516.3 520.3 510.5 512.1 6,817 Depository institutions Commercial banks State commercial banks Savings institutions Federal savings institutions Savings institutions, except federal . Credit unions 63,64 2,117.0 2,116.0 2,152.0 2,159.0 2,161.0 Insurance carriers Life insurance Medical service and health insurance. Fire, marine, and casualty insurance .. Title insurance 63 631 632 633 636 1,458.8 1,458.4 1,486.4 1,493.0 559.9 559.0 561.2 563.1 231.9 231.8 245.2 247.7 551.7 552.3 561.5 559.6 62.9 62.6 67.3 67.3 Insurance agents, brokers, and service. 64 Insurance See footnotes at end of table. 82 657.8 658.0 665.8 665.9 Aug. 1990p 711.5 717.0 730.8 728.2 245.7 248.3 234.3 234.1 90.1 330.3 90.3 331.0 92.3 352.0 91.7 346.4 4,961 4,962 5,035 5,056 1,680.4 1,680.9 1,688.3 1,687.1 1,119.0 1,118.7 1,123.7 1,122.6 105.2 105.5 109.2 109.4 260.1 96.6 262.4 96.9 271.7 98.2 272.5 98.5 48.4 48.2 49.2 49.7 974.8 339.5 187.8 359.2 974.1 339.0 187.7 358.8 998.9 1,001.4 343.4 342.6 198.9 201.3 364.0 363.1 5,054 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued Real estate Real estate operators and lessors Real estate agents and managers Subdividers and developers 1987 SIC Code 65 651 653 655 Production workers1 All employees July 1989 Aug. June 1989 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p July Aug. 1989 1989 June 1990 _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - 1,366.0 1,371.0 1,399 0 1,411.0 1,409.0 572.3 574.6 600.4 606.8 _ 591.7 594.2 590.6 595.4 170.7 170.1 174.5 175.1 - July 1990p Aug. 1990p _ _ - - 27,350 27,373 28,479 28,510 28,498 23,925 23,937 24,869 24,878 24,851 Services _ _ _ _ Hotels and other lodging places Hotels and motels 70 701 1,712.5 1,714.0 1,716.3 1,746.5 1,629.5 1,626.7 1,632.3 1,649.5 - Personal services Laundry, cleaning, and garment services Photographic studios, portrait Beauty shops Funeral service and crematories Miscellaneous personal services 72 721 722 723 726 729 1,050.0 1,049.1 1,077.8 1,067.2 420.0 417.9 430.8 428.1 68.0 68.9 65.9 64.2 365.5 364.8 372.2 372.2 85.2 85.1 81.7 81.2 96.8 94.4 94.4 90.0 _ _ _ - Business services Advertising Advertising agencies Credit reporting and collection Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services Services to buildings Personnel supply services Employment agencies Help supply services Computer and data processing services Prepackaged software Data processing and preparation 73 731 4,962.6 5,005.1 5,090 0 5,081.9 5,107.4 4,370.9 4,410.1 4,467.2 4,458.0 237.3 239.3 239.8 240.6 176.2 177.7 172.1 172.2 _ _ 172.7 174.4 173.2 173.7 _ _ 103.7 103.8 105.6 106.6 _ _ _ _ 224.9 227.8 251.6 251.2 _ 731.7 734.6 732.1 724.6 802.7 805.1 806.1 797.3 _ _ _ _ 1,434.4 1,458.3 1,438.6 1,430.0 _ _ 236.5 236.8 233.3 233.9 _ 1,197.9 1,221.5 1,205.3 1,196.1 1,161.5 1,185.3 1,167.5 1,157.0 _ 589.1 588.7 624.0 627.4 754.2 756.4 800.5 804.4 _ _ _ 102.2 103.3 115.2 116.4 206.6 204.6 207.6 208.2 - _ - _ - _ _ - Miscellaneous business services Detective and armored car services Photofinishing laboratories 7311 732 733 734 736 7361 7363 737 7372 7374 738 7381 7384 1,198.4 1,205.6 1,222.9 1,226.6 442.2 445.3 446.1 448.3 81.2 81.2 81.8 81.7 1,455.8 1,450.6 1,449.7 1,466.7 373.0 371.5 383.4 381.2 - - - _ 325.7 325.2 333.0 332.9 _ _ _ _ 80.7 80.5 84.2 77.7 1,060.0 1,067.2 1,082.5 1,085.4 414.3 418.0 418.4 420.1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 741.5 742.1 773.4 775.9 - _ _ _ 422.2 425.9 439.8 443.6 _ _ - Auto repair, services, and parking Automotive rentals, without drivers Automotive repair shops 75 751 753 896.5 180.0 514.8 896.9 180.0 518.6 934.9 195.8 536.7 938.5 197.1 541.1 _ - Miscellaneous repair services Electrical repair shops 76 762 378.8 120.6 380.1 121.4 388.6 130.2 391.3 132.1 312.1 313.1 319.3 321.4 _ - - - - - - 410.9 152.8 122.3 _ _ - 330.0 110.0 332.7 116.8 343.9 118.8 349.1 124.4 - - - _ _ - 79 799 1,187.6 1,177.2 1,222.3 1,251.1 857.8 852.4 872.2 907.2 _ 80 801 802 805 7,597.7 1,295.7 504.3 1,376.7 950.9 229.8 3,497.9 3,231.2 99.6 167.1 164.0 248.8 Motion pictures Motion picture production and services Motion picture theaters Amusement and recreation services Misc. amusement and recreation services Health services Offices and clinics of medical doctors Offices and clinics of dentists Nursing and personal care facilities Skilled nursing care facilities Nursing and personal care, nee Hospitals General medical and surgical hospitals Psychiatric hospitals Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric Medical and dental laboratories Home health care services 78 781 783 8051 8059 806 8062 8063 8069 807 808 388.7 135.2 125.7 392.1 142.0 121.2 7,627.8 1,303.9 506.5 1,385.4 955.4 232.8 3,504.1 3,237.5 99.4 167.2 165.2 250.0 405.2 146.6 121.1 8,128.8 1,413.6 525.9 1,457.5 1,005.9 244.0 3,686.7 3,408.7 102.3 175.7 179.8 299.8 - • 1,056.8 1,049.0 1,079.9 1,107.7 768.9 763.2 776.5 809.2 _ 8,173.5 8,201.3 6,761.2 6,784.3 7,228.8 7,265.9 _ 1,425.2 1,070.8 1,077.6 1,169.4 1,177.4 _ 524.4 441.6 443.0 461.4 459.9 _ 1,464.5 1,245.6 1,252.8 1,317.1 1,323.2 _ _ _ _ _ 1,010.1 _ _ _ _ _ 245.9 _ 3,706.2 3,203.5 3,207.5 3,375.2 3,393.6 _ _ _ _ 3,427.1 _ _ _ _ _ 101.8 _ _ _ _ _ 177.3 _ _ _ _ _ 181.7 303.1 229.8 230.7 277.0 279.6 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - See footnotes at end of table. 83 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Services—Continued Legal services 1987 SIC Code 81 Production workers1 All employees July 1989 912.2 Aug. 1989 909.9 June 1990 955.7 July 1990p 955.2 Educational services Elementary and secondary schools Colleges and universities Vocational schools 82 821 822 824 1,448.1 1,443.6 1,556.2 1,473.3 401.8 402.5 449.7 418.4 838.4 830.9 899.2 842.4 93.4 94.4 91.0 89.1 Social services Individual and family services Job training and related services Residential care 83 832 833 836 1,699.7 1,694.7 1,829.9 1,816.8 439.7 438.2 455.9 463.0 262.7 255.2 252.5 260.2 430.4 433.5 476.2 482.6 Museums and botanical and zoological gardens 84 Membership organizations Business associations Labor organizations Civic and social associations 86 861 863 864 1,879.0 1,855.9 1,872.3 1,903.7 103.5 103.9 104.2 104.0 134.1 134.3 131.1 136.2 463.1 445.1 444.6 476.5 Engineering and management services Engineering and architectural services Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping Research and testing services Commercial physical research Noncommercial research organizations Management and public relations 87 871 872 873 8731 8733 874 2,403.8 2,401.0 2,451.7 2,456.5 790.6 790.6 807.5 811.0 520.0 519.4 528.2 525.2 531.6 532.2 553.4 551.1 223.9 223.6 228.1 230.2 144.8 150.9 145.3 148.9 561.6 558.8 566.9 564.9 Services, nee 89 67.6 34.4 67.1 36.4 16,844 16,730 Government 4 Federal Government 3,033 4 39.3 757.9 754.3 June 1990 791.3 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 790.3 1,850.7 1,845.4 1,874.0 1,870.5 652.9 652.5 664.4 666.0 393.4 393.2 395.5 390.3 396.9 395.2 400.4 400.7 39.4 407.5 404.5 413.7 413.5 26.6 27.9 31.5 31.4 18,624 17,478 17,242 3,365 3,197 3,053 3731 112.8 70.3 112.9 70.3 109.4 67.5 108.9 67.0 806 36.8 393.0 225.6 37.1 394.2 226.3 38.0 393.0 228.2 37.2 393.9 228.6 3,958.0 3,963.0 4,171.0 4,082.0 4,098.0 453.0 450.0 457.8 456.0 1,383.8 1,385.0 1,547.8 1,426.9 Local government Transportation and public utilities 806 Hospitals 82 Education General administration, including executive, legislative, and judicial functions 9,853.0 9,756.0 11,088.0 10,199.010,091.0 495.3 495.3 491.0 492.8 640.7 641.8 674.4 679.5 4,820.8 4,768.2 6,040.6 4,977.1 1,583.3 1,589.2 1,626.6 1,655.0 3,505.0 3,467.6 3,487.2 3,596.4 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000 or more. 3 Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the nonsupervisory count for all series in this division. 4 Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to Aug. 1989 68.2 State government 806 Hospitals 82 Education General administration, including executive, legislative, and judicial functions 84 July 1989 2,971.9 2,951.1 3,303.2 983.4 983.3 961.0 831.8 829.2 819.5 1,156.7 1,138.6 1,522.7 39.3 38.3 39.1 21.4 21.6 22.9 Executive, by agency Department of Defense Postal Service5 Other executive agencies Legislative Judicial Federal Government, by industry Manufacturing activities Ship building and repairing Transportation and public utilities, except Postal Service Services Hospitals 3,011 67.4 Aug. 1990p civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency. 5 Includes rural mail carriers. - Data not available. p = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks and conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. See the article in this issue for additional information. ESTABLISHMENT DATA WOMEN EMPLOYEES NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group (In thousands) May May 1989 June 1989 Apr. 1990 1990 June 1990 50,982 51,126 52,185 52,566 52,716 Total private 41,544 41,892 42,289 42,537 42,887 Goods-producing 7,046 7,102 6,943 6,952 7,008 95 97 97 98 100 549 558 557 567 573 6,402 6,447 6,289 6,287 6,335 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment... Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 3,065 123 164 110 105 326 468 752 410 425 180 3,077 125 164 112 106 327 471 755 410 425 182 3,001 120 161 108 103 314 462 730 410 415 179 2,998 121 160 109 103 315 461 728 409 414 180 3,013 123 161 110 104 316 461 730 412 416 181 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products ... Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products . Leather and leather products 3,337 512 15 353 864 170 687 318 25 313 80 3,370 531 15 355 865 173 690 322 26 313 81 3,288 509 14 342 822 171 698 325 25 305 75 3,289 514 14 341 818 172 697 326 26 306 75 3,322 529 14 344 820 176 700 331 26 308 76 43,936 44,024 45,242 45,614 45,708 Transportation and public utilities. 1,637 1,646 1,691 1,709 1,723 Wholesale trade 1,906 1,922 1,940 1,945 1,963 10,380 10,482 10,315 10,447 10,557 4,201 4,242 4,291 4,304 4,344 16,374 16,498 17,109 17,180 17,292 9,438 1,086 2,094 6,258 9,234 1,107 2,002 6,125 9,896 1,262 2,169 6,465 10,029 1,365 2,148 6,516 9,829 1,373 2,066 6,390 Industry Total Mining Construction Manufacturing . Service-producing Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government. Federal State Local NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks and conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. See the article in this issue for additional information. 85 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Industry Aug. Total Total private Goods-producing Mining Oil and gas extraction Construction General building contractors Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Apr. May June July? Aug. 108,628 108,868 108,980 109,245 109,383 109,654 109,958 110,122 110,177 110,617 110,829 110,740 110,665 90,797 90,985 91,096 91,344 91,456 91,656 91,917 91,963 91,922 92,120 92,282 92,291 92,279 25,356 25,304 25,283 25,280 25,218 25,188 25,339 25,259 25,180 25,191 25,162 25,100 25,008 706 387 709 389 710 390 716 394 718 396 723 398 727 402 729 403 734 405 738 408 744 413 743 412 736 409 5,220 1,345 5,225 1,343 5,239 1,338 5,258 1,339 5,216 1,335 5,294 1,361 5,368 1,368 5,313 1,351 5,256 1,338 5,286 1,334 5,270 1,334 5,231 1,319 5,191 1,304 19,430 19,370 19,334 19,306 19,284 19,171 19,244 19,217 19,190 19,167 19,148 19,126 19,081 11,416 753 525 11,369 750 524 563 767 276 11,337 753 521 566 764 274 1,433 2,125 1,737 11,314 752 521 567 760 272 1,429 2,129 1,732 2,023 11,296 753 519 566 759 273 1,426 2,130 11,192 753 11,278 751 518 11,261 751 518 565 754 270 1,418 2,119 1,718 2,022 11,229 750 516 560 755 271 1,419 2,112 1,713 2,014 11,201 743 515 556 756 270 1,415 2,108 11,175 740 512 552 825 820 1,008 1,005 11,217 748 516 559 755 271 1,417 2,112 1,711 2,010 817 1,002 11,126 738 513 551 756 272 1,417 2,098 1,679 2,000 813 992 Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products Mar. 568 772 278 1,442 2,135 1,750 2,056 1,438 2,132 864 843 1,027 1,023 388 388 2,031 833 1,021 386 8,014 8,001 1,653 7,997 1,651 7,992 1,651 48 48 718 1,649 49 724 1,075 700 1,566 1,076 157 1,743 2,041 48 720 1,070 697 1,566 1,075 157 826 1,018 383 1,722 2,024 828 1,011 386 7,988 158 158 1,650 47 716 1,061 698 1,573 1,081 157 721 1,066 697 1,064 697 1,571 519 567 754 272 1,412 2,132 1,722 1,933 736 1,011 389 568 756 272 1,418 2,126 7,979 1,651 47 715 1,053 697 1,576 7,966 1,720 2,023 828 1,009 389 1,650 47 711 1,703 2,021 826 1,000 758 270 1,418 2,103 1,693 2,016 825 997 388 385 387 384 386 382 7,956 1,648 46 709 1,037 7,961 7,950 1,650 46 703 1,031 698 1,581 1,085 159 7,947 1,643 47 702 1,029 699 7,951 1,647 46 703 1,027 701 1,581 1,085 160 874 127 7,955 1,650 1,651 46 708 48 703 883 880 878 875 873 869 865 135 135 135 133 132 132 131 867 131 1,036 699 1,579 1,084 159 869 130 129 160 871 128 83,272 83,564 83,697 83,965 84,165 84,466 84,619 84,863 84,997 85,426 85,667 85,640 85,657 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communications and public utilities 5,561 3,467 2,094 5,656 3,483 2,173 5,671 3,500 2,171 5,693 3,523 2,170 5,776 3,548 2,228 5,790 3,568 2,222 5,804 3,583 2,221 5,808 3,589 2,219 5,809 3,588 2,221 5,833 3,613 2,220 5,846 3,627 2,219 5,840 3,625 2,215 5,849 3,630 2,219 Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods 6,294 3,734 2,560 6,303 3,742 2,561 6,313 3,744 2,569 6,335 3,760 2,575 6,344 3,767 2,577 6,356 3,773 2,583 6,357 3,775 2,582 6,361 3,775 2,586 6,363 3,771 2,592 6,369 3,770 2,599 6,383 3,779 2,604 6,377 3,775 2,602 6,383 3,774 2,609 19,620 2,537 3,205 2,106 6,464 19,634 2,534 3,211 2,109 6,476 19,665 2,527 3,230 2,115 6,491 19,714 2,542 3,240 2,116 6,511 19,710 2,519 3,247 2,113 6,523 19,807 2,529 3,263 2,117 6,538 19,758 2,505 3,268 2,118 6,556 19,764 2,495 3,272 2,120 6,563 19,778 2,493 3,287 2,118 6,573 19,795 2,487 3,295 2,121 6,583 19,822 2,496 3,302 2,120 6,598 19,847 2,496 3,304 2,129 6,618 19,831 2,490 3,296 2,133 6,613 6,740 3,312 2,109 1,319 6,753 3,317 2,111 1,325 6,756 3,320 2,109 1,327 6,774 3,327 2,114 1,333 6,785 3,329 2,119 1,337 6,794 3,327 2,124 1,343 6,817 3,340 2,128 1,349 6,821 3,333 2,135 1,353 6,823 3,336 2,135 1,352 6,838 3,338 2,139 1,361 6,844 3,344 2,143 1,357 6,843 3,337 2,148 1,358 6,852 3,342 2,155 1,355 Services Business services Health services 27,226 4,950 7,605 27,335 4,980 7,648 27,408 4,970 7,690 27,548 4,990 7,743 27,623 4,986 7,789 27,721 4,993 7,837 27,842 5,010 7,889 27,950 5,021 7,936 27,969 5,026 7,984 28,094 5,048 8,040 28,225 5,060 8,096 28,284 5,052 8,133 28,356 5,052 8,177 Government Federal 17,831 2,996 4,191 10,644 17,883 2,992 4,215 10,676 17,884 2,986 4,202 10,696 17,901 2,982 4,212 10,707 17,927 2,977 4,206 10,744 17,998 3,000 4,225 10,773 18,041 3,005 4,239 10,797 18,159 3,089 4,249 10,821 18,255 3,151 4,252 10,852 18,497 3,346 4,262 10,889 18,547 3,338 4,296 10,913 18,449 3,161 4,310 10,978 18,386 3,038 4,332 11,016 Service-producing Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real estate Finance Insurance Real estate State Local 1,567 1,076 1,077 P = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, 86 158 1,045 699 1,576 1,083 159 1,081 698 1,578 1,083 159 868 1,582 1,086 1,026 702 1,583 1,084 161 874 124 conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional information. ESTABLISHMENT DATA WOMEN EMPLOYEES SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-5. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Industry June Total Total private July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June 50,923 51,045 51,152 51,279 51,323 51,481 51,607 51,711 51,844 51,968 52,082 52,295 52,507 41,702 41,771 41,808 41,929 41,963 42,099 42,196 42,249 42,347 42,405 42,459 42,538 42,697 7,064 7,068 7,068 7,049 7,040 7,027 7,025 7,001 7,003 6,988 6,983 6,974 6,969 96 95 96 96 95 95 95 96 97 98 98 98 99 550 551 554 553 557 557 558 562 564 563 563 566 565 6,418 6,422 6,418 6,400 6,388 6,375 6,372 6,343 6,342 6,327 6,322 6,310 6,305 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 3,064 122 165 111 105 325 468 754 409 424 181 3,061 122 165 110 105 325 469 752 407 425 181 3,058 121 163 110 105 323 468 752 410 424 182 3,046 120 163 110 104 322 467 749 407 422 182 3,037 121 162 110 104 320 465 746 407 421 181 3,028 120 162 110 103 318 465 743 408 420 179 3,028 120 162 110 103 317 466 740 411 418 181 3,009 120 161 110 102 314 466 738 398 418 182 3,017 120 161 110 102 315 466 736 408 417 182 3,013 120 161 110 103 315 463 735 408 417 181 3,006 120 160 109 103 315 462 733 408 416 180 3,001 120 160 109 103 314 460 732 408 415 180 2,999 120 161 108 103 314 459 729 411 415 179 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 3,354 534 16 353 858 171 688 318 3,361 542 16 352 857 173 689 318 3,360 540 16 352 855 173 690 319 3,354 544 16 351 850 171 688 319 3,347 540 16 350 844 172 692 321 3,344 539 16 348 843 172 693 323 3,334 539 16 347 836 172 694 324 3,325 537 16 346 827 173 694 326 3,314 537 16 344 818 173 695 326 3,309 537 15 341 814 173 696 327 3,306 532 16 341 813 173 697 327 0 0 0 3,316 538 15 343 818 173 696 327 O 3,351 541 16 351 847 172 690 320 (1) 309 79 f) O O 0 O Goods-producing Mining Construction Manufacturing Service-producing O 311 80 O 310 79 311 79 310 79 308 78 306 78 303 77 303 77 303 76 0 304 76 305 75 306 75 43,859 43,977 44,084 44,230 44,283 44,454 44,582 44,710 44,841 44,980 45,099 45,321 45,538 Transportation and public utilities 1,636 1,642 1,580 1,630 1,635 1,642 1,677 1,680 1,687 1,690 1,692 1,702 1,713 Wholesale trade 1,916 1,923 1,928 1,931 1,933 1,943 1,946 1,949 1,947 1,950 1,949 1,950 1,957 Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government Federal State Local 10,429 10,441 10,468 10,469 10,469 10,489 10,474 10,497 10,484 10,474 10,483 10,482 10,504 4,213 4,220 4,232 4,246 4,257 4,267 4,278 4,287 4,295 4,303 4,309 4,314 16,444 16,477 16,532 16,606 16,640 16,741 16,807 16,844 16,939 17,008 17,049 17,121 17,240 9,221 1,098 2,069 6,054 9,274 1,109 2,074 6,091 9,344 1,119 2,075 6,150 1 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 4,244 9,350 1,127 2,085 6,138 9,360 1,139 2,077 6,144 9,382 1,150 2,082 6,150 9,411 1,161 2,075 6,175 9,462 1,181 2,088 6,193 9,497 1,189 2,097 6,211 9,563 1,234 2,104 6,225 9,623 1,269 2,107 6,247 9,757 1,366 2,115 6,276 9,810 1,362 2,134 6,314 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional information. 87 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Industry Aug. Total private Goods-producing Mining Construction Manufacturing Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec, Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 73,610 73,746 73,838 74,045 74,115 74,300 74,512 74,545 74,496 74,651 17,843 17,786 17,764 17,759 17,696 17,662 17,810 17,742 17,667 June July11 Aug.1 74,827 74,787 74,709 17,673 17,651 17,608 17,515 504 505 507 512 514 518 521 523 527 530 537 535 526 4,076 4,077 4,086 4,103 4,058 4,135 4,205 4,158 4,094 4,120 4,107 4,067 4,026 13,263 13,204 13,171 13,144 13,124 13,009 13,084 13,061 13,046 13,023 13,007 13,006 12,963 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 7,615 623 419 443 589 214 1,068 1,289 1,108 1,283 670 509 284 7,567 620 417 440 584 212 1,063 1,285 1,104 1,266 649 506 282 7,541 622 415 442 581 211 1,059 1,277 1,101 1,257 639 505 282 7,519 621 414 443 578 209 1,055 1,282 1,096 1,248 632 502 280 7,506 621 412 442 576 210 1,052 1,282 1,090 1,250 635 499 282 7,400 622 412 443 572 209 1,039 1,284 1,086 1,154 543 503 285 7,488 620 411 444 575 208 1,044 1,280 1,083 1,244 634 503 284 7,479 620 411 440 573 207 1,044 1,276 1,084 1,246 632 503 282 7,461 619 409 436 574 208 1,047 1,274 1,082 1,239 628 502 279 7,450 617 408 434 574 208 1,045 1,274 1,080 1,238 626 499 281 7,439 612 408 432 574 207 1,043 1,270 1,078 1,250 634 495 277 7,433 610 405 428 577 207 1,046 1,269 1,070 1,255 633 493 280 7,388 607 405 427 573 207 1,045 1,261 1,061 1,241 622 491 277 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 5,648 1,180 36 626 907 523 868 605 103 688 112 5,637 1,183 36 622 903 522 867 604 103 685 112 5,630 1,184 36 622 898 522 867 605 103 682 111 5,625 1,183 36 619 896 522 870 605 104 679 111 5,618 1,182 35 617 894 523 873 605 103 677 109 5,609 1,185 35 615 886 524 875 604 103 673 109 5,596 1,183 35 612 879 525 876 603 104 670 109 5,582 1,183 35 609 870 524 876 601 105 670 109 5,585 1,188 33 609 869 525 875 601 104 673 108 5,573 1,187 34 604 865 523 876 601 104 672 107 5,568 1,179 34 603 863 525 877 600 105 676 106 5,573 1,184 34 602 861 526 878 601 105 678 104 5,575 1,187 35 601 861 528 880 597 105 678 103 Service-producing 55,767 55,960 56,074 56,286 56,419 56,638 56,702 56,803 56,829 56,978 57,176 57,179 57,194 Transportation and public utilities 4,626 4,700 4,718 4,737 4,801 4,821 4,826 4,833 4,831 4,848 4,866 4,854 4,856 Wholesale trade 5,066 5,071 5,081 5,094 5,099 5,116 5,111 5,111 5,109 5,106 5,130 5,119 5,120 17,396 17,402 17,425 17,475 17,465 17,550 17,497 17,506 17,517 4,960 4,961 4,970 23,797 23,890 23,949 24,066 24,131 24,213 24,310 24,393 24,411 24,521 Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 4,882 4,897 4,901 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. p = preliminary. 88 4,914 4,923 4,938 4,958 17,533 17,563 17,583 17,541 4,970 4,967 4,974 24,647 24,656 24,703 NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional information. ESTABLISHMENT DATA DIFFUSION INDEXES SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June May July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries1 Over 1-month span: 1989 1990 64.5 55 6 58.7 58.6 58.0 53.7 57.0 49.9 55.6 55.8 57.3 49.9 55.8 P50.4 Over 3-month span: 1989 1990 65.3 58.4 64.2 56.7 60.0 54.8 60.1 53.1 59.7 53.7 58.3 P54.6 Over 6-month span: 1989 1990 67.6 57.3 65.4 56.5 65.0 55.5 61.2 50.8 67.1 P54.1 67.7 P54.2 65.3 64.9 Over 12-month span: 1989 1990 P 61.0 54.4 64.6 p 57.7 46.9 50.0 55.2 59.6 56.6 59.7 P51.3 54.5 55.2 55.8 57.7 60 3 58.7 57.0 58.1 56.2 58.3 57.4 58.4 61.2 60.0 59.8 58.6 57.3 56.7 56 0 p Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1 Over 1-month span: 1989 1990 60.4 42.4 48.6 45.7 50.4 45.3 47.1 46.8 45.3 45.7 45.7 40.3 45.0 P46.8 45.7 P41.4 34.2 48.6 43 5 48 2 Over 3-month span: 1989 1990 54.0 40.3 54.7 37.1 45.3 44.2 43.9 41.4 43.2 40.6 42.8 P42.8 41.7 P40.6 33.1 36.3 34.9 41.7 39.2 Over 6-month span: 1989 1990 ... 56.5 37 1 49.6 35.6 49.3 36.3 43.5 P41.0 42.1 P37.4 37.1 36.7 34.9 34.2 35.3 33.1 36.0 Over 12-month span: 1989 1990 53.6 P30.2 55.0 P32.0 49.3 45.3 43.9 39.9 37.1 35.6 33.8 32.4 30.9 31.7 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span. P = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional information. 89 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry (In thousands) Total Construction Mining State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? June 1990 July 1989 7.4 3.4 July July 1989 1990? June 1990 July 1990? 78.6 23.1 5.2 10.6 7.2 2.6 76.9 23.2 5.2 10.5 7.2 3.7 4.3 78.4 23.2 5.4 10.5 7.2 4.3 11.6 12.5 12.6 13.2 12.3 .9 2.2 86.9 58.4 15.1 84.0 55.3 84.3 4.2 34.9 1.7 2.6 10.3 35.4 1.7 2.5 10.5 1.5 1.6 657.9 74.4 11.0 13.6 666.6 71.5 11.3 14.8 1,585.6 409.4 132.4 1,605.5 418.7 171.0 132.9 59.3 174.2 134.7 63.8 418.7 135.1 175.2 135.5 63.5 .8 2.6 249.0 245.0 251.5 10.5 11.4 1,413.3 939.1 239.1 1,480.5 983.8 248.7 1,470.3 977.0 246.5 12.2 .9 2.1 12.8 .9 2.3 890.1 53.2 79.9 244.5 33.3 924.9 54.7 80.3 249.7 33.6 912.9 54.7 80.7 247.1 32.7 12,455.0 1,197.5 165.2 219.0 4,195.5 118.0 884.0 227.3 675.1 597.7 958.4 956.5 831.6 147.8 133.5 153.9 136.0 12,869.7 1,228.4 171.6 232.0 4,317.5 119.3 920.9 235.2 719.0 623.9 1,002.7 974.8 835.0 152.6 143.7 154.7 141.5 12,773.0 1,221.3 168.2 233.6 4,271.0 122.8 916.6 233.9 711.8 621.9 991.9 974.6 834.1 150.1 140.7 156.5 142.6 Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver 1,469.5 112.3 818.7 1,512.9 115.7 842.6 1,502.1 114.5 836.0 (1) Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury 1,678.2 196.6 485.4 66.7 258.0 126.6 86.1 1,687.6 197.9 491.0 68.4 256.0 125.5 87.8 1,668.8 193.1 485.2 65.8 251.2 (1) ( ) 124.4 4.5 5.1 4.4 Delaware Wilmington 344.1 353.6 291.1 303.3 349.1 295.8 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 21.0 19.1 20.0 18.3 20.0 18.5 District of Columbia Washington MSA 692.3 691.9 2,252.7 2,271.6 697.4 2,263.6 .1 1.1 .1 1.1 .1 1.1 14.5 153.0 14.1 142.7 143.4 5,195.9 120.8 496.1 5,497.9 124.1 517.7 133.4 100.0 9.3 342.9 8.2 35.5 13.7 4.6 333.4 7.6 34.1 Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa Alaska Arizona Phoenix Tucson Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff California Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Florida Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Fort Myers-Cape Coral Gainesville Jacksonville Lakeland-Winter Haven Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach 121.9 97.2 413.3 152.6 159.9 863.3 540.7 126.8 111.6 118.3 854.5 345.1 134.6 428.0 157.9 164.8 898.3 565.4 130.0 115.5 124.5 881.8 366.1 1,605.8 83.8 5,429.8 123.0 508.8 131.6 99.2 424.1 155.9 164.2 890.5 559.1 128.2 113.9 122.8 876.7 356.5 12.0 5.6 () 1 1 () (1) () (1) () 4.2 .9 () (1) (1) (1) 1.0 .4 1.0 .4 .4 O (1) (1) 5.6 4.3 (1) 0 12.1 1 42.4 1.3 1.3 14.5 .7 9.8 .1 4.3 2.4 1.4 .8 .8 .6 .2 9.9 .1 4.3 1.4 1.4 .7 .1 .7 .7 .1 .7 11.4 9.1 10.5 664.8 71.3 11.0 14.5 158.6 9.2 56.2 18.3 69.4 38.9 65.0 34.8 33.8 7.1 11.2 9.1 11.6 19.6 19.8 (1) 11.4 63.7 4.2 32.9 62.5 4.3 35.7 62.8 4.3 35.7 1.3 81.6 9.1 21.9 5.8 13.8 5.7 71.0 8.4 72.5 8.6 19.1 4.6 11.0 19.8 4.6 2.5 1.4 .8 .8 .6 .2 1.4 .7 .1 .6 19.8 (1) 11.7 11.4 2.4 1.4 .8 .8 .6 .2 1.3 1.4 (2) (2) (1) (1) (2) (2) () ( ) (1) (1) (1) 2 2 9.4 ( ) 9.5 (2) .3 (2) .3 .3 (2) (2) /2\ .7 .7 3.9 .7 4.1 (2) 2 ( ) 4.0 (2) (2) (2) .9 1.0 .4 .9 (2) (2) .4 .4 (2) (2) /2\ (2) (2) I2\ .7 .6 (2) 10.8 1.4 42.2 .1 4.1 (2) (2) 35.5 1.8 2.6 1.3 14.4 .7 9.4 (2) 55.9 14.6 42.0 13.7 .7 ( ) 14.8 (2) .7 <2) 154.3 8.3 54.1 17.6 67.0 37.3 64.5 34.7 34.3 7.0 27.3 9.1 9.6 40.3 36.7 8.3 10.3 6.1 54.3 29.0 12.5 4.3 27.5 8.5 157.0 9.1 56.6 18.3 70.6 38.7 64.8 35.2 34.5 7.1 11.4 9.2 11.8 11.2 5.2 4.4 14.0 331.7 7.7 34.5 12.7 4.2 27.3 8.6 9.0 40.3 9.1 40.4 37.1 8.3 10.3 6.2 55.0 27.5 '37.0 8.2 10.3 6.2 55.0 27.4 See footnotes at end of table. 91 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 382.0 57.2 33.0 26.4 18.6 10.4 383.9 58.1 33.6 28.0 18.1 10.7 380.6 57.1 33.9 27.8 18.3 10.8 80.3 32.4 2.8 9.7 5.3 2.0 80.8 32.3 2.9 10.0 5.2 2.2 81.0 32.5 2.9 9.9 5.1 2.2 348.9 101.4 25.3 46.2 30.4 12.7 349.6 101.9 25.4 47.2 30.7 12.9 349.8 102.0 25.7 47.4 30.8 13.0 25.3 20.1 26.0 26.0 20.9 21.1 47.5 48.1 48.8 Arizona Phoenix Tucson 187.3 139.0 27.5 189.4 140.3 27.2 189.2 140.2 27.2 77.3 53.7 10.0 80.5 56.7 9.7 80.6 56.6 9.8 359.6 241.8 57.2 376.5 253.7 59.2 372.6 251.1 58.5 Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Port Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 231.4 13.4 26.3 33.6 6.5 234.1 13.7 26.7 33.2 6.3 232.6 13.6 26.6 32.9 6.3 54.8 5.1 4.3 16.5 2.7 55.2 4.9 4.3 16.1 2.6 55.3 5.0 4.4 16.0 2.6 206.7 12.3 16.9 60.4 7.4 213.7 12.6 16.7 61.5 7.5 214.3 12.6 16.5 61.7 7.4 2,168.9 259.2 10.6 25.7 885.3 28.7 115.9 30.7 88.9 44.6 135.6 81.8 273.7 22.9 21.2 26.4 13.6 2,136.2 258.9 10.8 24.8 880.0 23.6 116.8 31.2 89.5 45.6 135.0 81.3 265.0 22.7 21.3 24.3 12.8 2,137.2 258.0 10.8 26.6 867.0 28.6 117.7 31.1 90.4 47.1 135.4 81.0 268.1 22.6 21.2 26.6 13.8 607.1 34.8 8.2 12.4 214.1 4.7 59.7 11.8 32.9 27.3 35.9 77.7 22.2 5.3 6.4 9.2 4.8 610.3 35.8 8.4 12.4 215.2 4.8 61.6 11.4 34.0 27.4 36.5 79.4 22.5 5.4 6.6 8.6 5.3 613.3 36.0 8.4 12.5 216.5 4.9 62.6 11.4 34.2 28.0 36.5 79.8 22.5 5.4 6.7 8.9 5.4 2,962.9 305.0 40.0 56.9 961.8 29.5 217.7 56.6 168.3 141.6 235.3 218.6 170.7 34.6 34.5 36.1 33.0 3.031.6 311.1 39.8 59.6 981.4 30.2 224.1 58.7 174.9 144.6 242.3 218.1 170.2 34.8 37.1 36.3 34.7 3,032.0 311.1 40.1 59.7 976.9 30.5 225.2 58.6 174.7 145.1 243.0 218.3 170.6 35.0 37.5 36.6 34.8 Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver 194.2 30.9 96.6 195.3 30.7 97.2 195.9 30.5 97.3 93.3 2.4 67.6 93.5 2.4 68.1 93.8 2.4 68.4 362.2 23.9 201.0 368.9 24.1 203.6 371.7 24.2 204.6 Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven Meriden Stamford Waterburv 353.5 52.3 85.0 19.4 46.3 21.2 20.5 351.6 51.2 86.8 19.7 45.2 19.4 22.4 344.8 49.2 86.0 18.4 44.2 19.2 19.0 71.1 8.4 18.3 3.0 16.4 5.8 3.3 72.5 8.8 18.9 3.7 16.4 6.0 3.4 72.1 8.6 18.7 3.5 16.3 6.0 3.3 383.8 45.4 104.1 13.8 59.6 30.0 17.9 383.6 45.2 102.9 14.4 58.1 30.1 17.0 379.7 44.3 100.8 13.8 57.1 29.6 16.8 67.6 56.7 72.3 61.5 69.8 58.5 14.2 15.2 15.1 16.6 15.0 16.8 77.7 61.7 76.1 62.2 77.3 61.8 16.1 90.4 16.3 89.5 16.2 89.3 24.9 110.2 25.0 113.3 24.9 113.1 63.3 439.9 63.7 445.2 62.4 444.5 533.8 12.3 45.0 6.2 5.7 38.6 22.4 29.5 90.8 55.0 11.4 8.6 5.0 95.3 33.5 539.4 12.1 46.0 6.3 5.4 38.5 22.6 30.4 91.6 53.6 11.3 8.7 5.0 95.7 34.0 533.5 12.1 45.2 6.3 5.4 38.5 22.4 30.4 91.0 53.1 11.2 8.5 5.0 95.1 33.5 264.7 3.9 22.6 5.2 1.8 28.7 6.9 4.2 67.6 27.9 6.6 3.6 3.0 40.6 13.6 280.9 4.1 23.8 5.8 1.9 29.3 7.2 4.3 73.0 29.0 6.6 3.5 3.1 42.3 14.3 280.7 4.1 23.6 5.8 1.9 28.9 7.1 4.3 73.2 29.0 6.5 3.6 3.1 42.1 14.3 1,425.4 36.2 146.6 36.1 21.4 111.1 42.6 37.6 236.2 142.9 33.3 33.0 26.2 238.3 92.1 1,483.4 36.6 153.0 39.7 21.6 113.7 43.7 38.7 244.1 147.1 33.5 33.4 27.2 245.6 98.2 1,476.2 36.8 150.9 39.7 21.7 114.1 43.8 38.6 243.3 146.6 33.6 33.1 27.3 245.0 95.6 Alabama Birminaham Huntsville Mobile Montaomerv Tuscaloosa •• . . Alaska California Anaheim-Santa Ana . . Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto . Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Delaware Wilmington .. . .. . . District of Columbia Washington MSA Florida Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollvwood PomDano Beach Fort Mvers-CaDe Coral Gainesville Jacksonville Lakeland Winter Haven Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami Hialeah Orlando . Pensacola Sarasota Tallahassee TamDa-St Petersbura-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach See footnotes at end of table. 92 . •• ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? 71.4 29.1 3.9 7.7 7.8 2.1 71.7 28.7 3.9 7.4 7.8 2.2 72.1 29.0 3.9 7.3 7.8 2.2 304.3 98.3 31.8 40.4 30.5 9.0 308.6 101.4 32.5 41.7 31.3 9.8 308.4 101.6 32.5 41.3 31.6 9.6 314.6 64.4 30.4 30.1 33.1 18.6 320.3 67.6 31.1 29.3 34.4 19.1 323.4 67.7 30.8 31.0 34.7 18.8 Alaska 10.6 10.9 10.9 50.6 51.0 51.7 66.0 70.0 68.2 Arizona Phoenix Tucson 92.7 74.3 11.4 94.6 75.9 11.6 94.6 75.9 11.6 383.8 257.6 70.5 410.0 276.7 74.5 408.2 274.5 74.5 213.5 113.4 45.3 232.7 124.3 49.4 228.5 121.9 48.1 Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 38.8 1.6 3.0 15.7 1.3 39.0 1.6 2.9 15.7 1.2 39.1 1.5 2.9 15.8 1.2 177.2 8.9 18.9 62.4 7.0 185.5 9.4 18.0 64.4 7.0 186.6 9.5 19.2 64.3 7.0 142.1 10.2 7.0 45.2 6.9 157.7 10.8 8.2 47.9 7.4 145.3 10.7 7.5 45.2 6.8 839.8 95.9 6.5 12.1 292.2 5.1 57.7 11.4 28.6 39.0 67.2 110.1 32.8 8.6 8.1 9.6 5.0 861.6 98.3 6.8 12.8 300.3 5.4 58.4 11.9 30.3 39.8 68.3 110.2 32.7 8.7 8.1 9.5 5.2 863.7 98.7 6.8 12.9 300.5 5.4 58.5 11.9 30.4 40.1 68.6 110.6 32.7 8.7 8.1 9.5 5.2 3,268.1 313.9 35.7 53.5 1,172.1 23.6 217.9 54.2 155.4 132.6 259.2 301.5 214.2 41.7 31.0 32.2 30.1 3,392.7 321.8 35.6 55.8 1,218.3 24.8 227.4 56.6 167.1 138.7 274.9 308.7 219.5 41.9 33.9 32.8 31.9 3,400.0 325.2 35.4 57.4 1,218.3 25.1 228.7 56.6 165.7 139.3 276.3 310.6 218.2 42.1 34.1 33.0 31.9 1,907.9 113.0 39.5 44.1 506.3 18.0 156.9 42.5 132.6 174.5 159.9 131.5 83.5 26.3 20.2 31.2 38.4 2,130.5 129.9 44.8 51.4 553.9 21.2 172.1 44.7 152.4 188.1 179.9 141.7 91.1 30.6 24.8 34.0 39.3 2,018.0 119.5 40.9 49.0 524.9 19.1 163.0 43.6 144.4 182.8 166.5 138.5 87.3 27.8 21.0 32.6 39.0 96.8 4.2 64.7 97.2 4.2 64.2 97.2 4.2 64.2 387.3 26.3 224.2 397.6 28.4 229.5 401.0 28.5 230.1 252.2 20.4 120.0 278.3 21.6 132.9 259.9 20.4 124.3 153.6 12.6 75.3 3.6 16.7 14.2 4.5 153.5 12.4 75.5 3.4 17.4 14.3 4.2 153.5 12.3 75.8 3.4 17.6 14.4 4.2 431.1 50.7 116.2 14.6 74.7 39.4 22.8 439.4 51.7 119.3 15.8 75.5 39.4 23.3 439.8 51.6 118.9 15.4 73.7 39.6 23.3 202.1 18.1 64.6 6.5 30.5 10.3 12.6 214.7 20.2 68.5 6.8 32.4 11.2 13.1 205.1 18.5 65.2 6.7 31.1 10.4 12.8 30.8 27.4 31.2 28.0 31.3 27.8 84.7 73.5 87.7 76.4 86.8 74.9 48.0 37.3 51.1 40.1 48.8 37.3 District of Columbia Washington MSA 33.6 132.8 33.5 132.5 33.5 132.6 253.5 742.4 257.2 749.3 255.5 746.8 286.3 582.9 282.0 598.0 290.8 592.8 Florida Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Fort Myers-Cape Coral Gainesville Jacksonville Lakeland-Winter Haven Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach 373.8 6.0 41.3 9.1 4.6 40.1 9.2 5.9 72.5 33.7 5.4 8.1 5.2 65.9 29.1 378.6 5.8 41.6 9.5 4.6 41.1 9.2 5.6 72.7 33.5 5.3 8.0 5.1 65.5 30.0 379.0 5.8 41.4 9.5 4.6 41.2 9.2 5.6 72.8 33.6 5.3 8.0 5.2 65.5 29.9 1,501.1 35.3 144.6 34.6 25.1 109.2 38.2 50.3 243.8 188.5 33.1 35.8 25.9 256.6 106.7 1,611.1 35.8 148.0 38.1 25.8 114.5 39.5 52.4 252.2 199.7 34.1 37.9 26.4 268.3 114.2 1,602.5 36.0 147.8 37.8 25.8 114.2 39.4 52.3 251.2 200.0 34.0 37.7 26.4 266.2 111.9 744.8 18.9 60.2 16.9 33.9 57.6 20.1 22.7 111.2 55.8 28.3 12.2 46.7 102.9 41.1 861.6 22.1 70.9 21.4 36.4 62.7 23.2 24.3 123.4 65.3 30.5 13.7 51.2 108.7 47.9 816.9 20.5 65.1 19.7 35.6 59.2 21.5 23.8 117.7 59.7 29.0 12.7 49.3 107.1 43.9 Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa California Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury Delaware Wilmington See footnotes at end of table. 93 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Construction Mining Total State and area Georgia Albany Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? 2,950.3 47.5 67.5 1,458.8 170.7 94.2 125.0 108.3 3,021.6 49.2 69.4 1,495.0 172.4 93.4 126.2 110.3 3,006.2 48.0 68.0 1,489.9 172.1 93.9 125.5 110.3 Hawaii Honolulu 506.7 396.9 520.7 408.3 518.1 404.8 Idaho Boise City 369.8 100.3 389.2 105.5 385.4 105.3 Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 5,186.6 141.7 62.2 85.0 3,183.9 162.1 52.8 103.1 34.2 211.2 144.3 132.6 102.8 5,249.4 145.6 63.4 88.5 3,227.3 166.1 54.5 105.5 36.1 219.5 146.5 138.6 105.3 5,221.0 144.0 63.0 86.7 3,221.2 164.7 54.2 104.0 35.4 217.4 145.7 133.7 104.3 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Kokomo Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 2,449.2 49.2 52.2 104.7 134.6 201.3 241.7 658.3 45.7 65.3 49.6 116.4 54.5 2,532.3 50.3 53.9 109.0 138.8 208.7 246.3 669.1 47.7 69.3 53.1 121.6 56.2 2,520.4 49.8 53.7 108.6 139.0 206.7 244.3 671.1 47.2 68.3 52.2 121.5 56.2 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Iowa City Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls 1,198.2 93.5 226.9 43.9 51.8 54.1 65.7 1,236.3 94.3 232.7 43.5 56.6 54.8 68.2 1,219.9 94.0 230.1 43.6 56.2 54.6 68.0 Kansas Lawrence Topeka Wichita 1,060.1 33.3 89.6 235.8 1,096.2 34.9 92.4 240.5 1,080.5 34.3 90.8 236.9 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 1,437.0 195.2 472.2 35.5 1,477.8 204.6 487.3 36.6 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Lake Charles Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 1,509.2 45.5 226.9 55.1 88.0 64.2 56.6 523.3 129.9 1,530.4 45.6 231.2 57.8 90.6 64.7 56.4 528.8 132.0 See footnotes at end of table. 94 June 1990 July 1989 July 1990? 8.7 8.7 (2) (2) 8.7 2 () 3.9 (2) 149.1 2.0 2.9 68.9 15.5 4.3 5.2 7.6 (2) (2) 30.1 23.1 29.3 22.1 29.2 22.0 3.9 18.0 6.2 19.4 6.1 20.4 6.1 20.2 223.7 7.7 3.3 2.9 138.1 6.4 3.3 9.2 1.9 14.8 7.1 6.3 3.8 215.3 7.6 3.1 2.4 135.7 6.1 3.3 8.7 1.8 11.4 6.9 6.4 4.0 217.9 7.9 3.3 2.6 138.8 6.3 3.4 8.8 1.8 11.9 6.9 6.5 4.0 124.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 8.4 9.9 18.4 38.6 1.3 2.7 1.8 7.4 2.9 131.3 1.7 2.3 3.9 8.8 11.3 18.4 37.4 1.7 3.0 2.0 8.5 4.0 136.3 1.8 2.5 4.1 9.4 11.6 19.1 38.7 1.9 3.1 1.9 9.0 4.2 3.9 (1) (1) 20.4 (1) 20.2 (1) 1 () (1) (1) ( ) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) ( ) (1) 2.3 (1) 1 ( ) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 0 (1) 1 2.4 2.3 (1) (1) 6.4 (1) (1) (1) 8.1 (1) (1) (1) 2.0 (1) (1) .8 (1) (1) () (1) 8.1 (1) (1) (1) 1.9 0 2.1 (11) () .8 .8 (1) (1) (1) (1) July 1990? 147.3 1.9 2.8 68.8 15.6 4.2 5.2 7.8 .1 1.1 .6 .1 .2 (1) (1) June 1990 149.9 2.2 2.7 69.1 15.1 4.8 5.3 8.0 (2) .1 1.2 .5 .1 .1 .1 1.3 .5 .1 .1 July 1989 (1) (1) (1) (1) .3 .4 .4 2.2 2.2 2.2 46.0 4.0 9.1 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.5 49.6 4.5 9.3 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.5 52.3 4.8 9.4 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.5 9.9 45.4 1.8 4.1 10.0 45.6 1.7 4.2 9.8 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 01 (1) () 1 ( ) ( ) (1) 9.5 (1) (1) (1) 9.9 1.7 1.9 1.8 44.0 1.9 3.8 9.9 1,472.8 204.1 486.9 36.7 34.4 .3 .6 .5 34.2 .3 .5 .5 33.8 .3 .5 .5 71.1 11.7 24.3 2.4 71.0 12.4 24.1 2.1 72.1 12.5 24.6 2.2 1,524.4 45.1 231.7 58.2 91.9 63.7 57.1 530.8 130.8 54.7 .2 .9 5.4 11.7 1.0 .4 14.7 3.1 54.9 .1 .8 5.6 11.5 1.1 .6 14.5 3.1 55.1 .1 .8 5.7 11.8 1.1 .5 14.6 3.1 80.2 2.8 25.3 1.9 3.3 5.2 2.8 21.8 5.4 81.3 2.3 26.1 2.0 3.5 4.9 2.5 22.8 5.9 82.0 2.5 26.0 2.2 3.6 4.5 2.6 23.3 6.1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and xjblic utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 570.0 7.4 15.9 179.8 38.0 19.2 18.7 17.2 565.0 7.7 15.1 178.6 38.4 18.9 18.7 17.7 560.2 7.8 14.9 177.6 38.1 18.8 18.4 17.8 184.3 2.9 2.0 121.0 4.6 3.3 5.3 9.2 189.5 2.9 190.4 2.9 1.9 1.9 126.6 127.6 4.8 3.1 5.3 9.8 Hawaii Honolulu 21.3 16.2 20.7 15.5 20.9 15.5 40.8 33.3 Idaho Boise City 62.7 15.0 63.8 16.7 64.4 16.7 Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 981.6 39.9 7.6 8.1 558.5 32.5 14.0 18.9 986.1 39.2 7.8 8.3 555.7 34.0 14.4 19.0 5.7 47.4 33.5 47.9 3.9 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Kokomo Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 642.7 16.3 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Iowa City Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls 236.7 24.1 25.3 12.9 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 4.7 3.2 5.4 9.6 756.5 12.0 14.9 414.5 36.9 21.7 28.6 26.7 769.9 11.8 15.7 417.5 36.5 21.5 28.8 26.5 771.9 11.8 15.4 418.6 36.8 21.6 28.9 26.9 41.8 34.0 42.2 34.4 135.0 103.3 134.7 103.1 136.1 104.0 19.4 19.6 19.5 5.6 5.9 5.9 95.3 26.2 100.0 27.6 99.6 27.9 977.2 39.0 7.9 8.1 555.9 33.8 14.4 18.9 5.6 46.9 33.7 44.5 3.7 303.5 306.9 307.1 3.4 3.5 2.6 2.3 3.5 2.6 2.3 205.6 205.2 7.4 5.2 8.6 2.0 6.1 6.9 4.7 4.7 7.4 5.1 8.5 2.0 6.0 6.9 4.7 4.7 1,273.6 35.5 14.0 18.9 773.7 46.6 11.3 23.6 1,288.0 36.3 14.2 19.1 787.3 46.8 11.5 24.5 1,287.4 36.4 14.2 18.9 788.4 47.0 11.6 24.4 639.6 16.3 9.3 53.6 31.9 53.7 56.7 106.8 18.6 13.0 11.5 22.5 10.7 638.5 16.1 9.3 53.2 31.8 53.4 56.8 107.5 18.3 13.1 11.4 22.0 10.6 129.1 134.3 134.1 1.4 1.7 3.3 6.9 1.4 1.4 1.8 3.6 7.1 13.1 15.2 43.7 2.9 1.8 3.7 7.1 13.1 15.0 43.1 1.6 1.9 3.2 5.1 2.7 234.7 21.8 25.8 12.7 4.5 10.7 16.5 56.7 5.9 12.8 1.7 1.3 3.4 1.8 56.2 5.9 12.5 1.8 1.5 3.5 2.1 55.9 10.7 16.0 235.6 21.8 25.8 12.5 4.6 10.8 16.2 Kansas Lawrence Topeka Wichita 185.9 187.0 187.3 66.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 1.1 9.6 63.5 9.9 64.7 9.9 65.1 7.0 11.3 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 286.7 33.2 88.7 6.3 287.4 33.5 89.4 286.5 33.4 89.4 6.6 6.4 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Lake Charles Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 174.0 175.1 174.2 3.4 22.1 5.2 8.3 11.4 7.7 43.9 17.2 Georgia Albany Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah 5.5 47.1 33.8 45.5 3.8 9.6 53.5 31.3 55.0 57.5 109.8 18.2 13.0 11.1 22.2 10.5 4.4 3.5 3.4 21.1 4.9 7.4 11.5 7.3 44.4 17.6 21.9 5.2 8.2 11.7 7.8 43.3 17.7 2.7 2.2 204.8 7.3 4.9 8.4 2.2 5.8 6.8 4.7 4.7 8.8 9.2 9.3 59.1 35.4 30.6 23.3 61.0 35.0 31.1 23.4 61.0 35.1 31.2 23.4 594.2 12.1 11.5 20.3 35.3 49.2 58.1 173.5 10.8 14.1 12.8 32.2 15.2 605.0 11.9 10.9 20.5 35.4 49.4 59.1 176.1 10.2 14.8 13.2 32.4 15.1 603.6 11.9 10.8 20.5 35.4 49.0 58.9 177.1 10.3 14.9 13.1 32.6 15.2 1.4 3.6 2.0 310.8 22.3 59.3 10.5 10.4 14.2 16.5 318.1 22.5 60.2 10.3 10.9 13.9 17.0 318.0 22.4 60.2 10.3 10.9 13.7 17.3 66.7 66.9 268.8 272.3 271.8 1.1 6.8 1.1 6.8 11.2 11.3 78.0 9.1 30.7 2.3 76.8 76.8 2.3 2.3 107.0 106.0 106.3 13.7 15.6 42.1 1.5 1.8 2.8 5.2 1.6 1.8 3.2 5.2 2.8 5.9 12.4 1.7 9.1 9.1 30.1 30.0 2.4 2.3 2.3 10.5 10.5 10.4 6.3 6.2 4.1 3.1 6.5 6.1 4.0 2.9 6.6 6.1 4.2 3.0 43.4 43.3 43.2 8.5 8.5 8.5 7.8 8.2 8.1 20.3 54.2 20.2 54.3 20.0 53.8 350.7 44.6 119.7 356.2 44.1 122.5 9.5 355.0 44.2 122.0 10.0 366.9 10.7 53.7 14.3 24.0 15.0 14.3 136.7 32.5 367.5 10.5 54.4 14.6 24.5 15.5 14.4 135.9 32.9 367.7 10.3 54.5 14.9 24.8 15.1 14.4 136.5 33.1 9.8 See footnotes at end of table. 95 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Govemmeni State and area July 1989 Georgia Albany Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Wamer Robins Savannah June 1990 July 1990* July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 165.5 2.1 2.1 107.3 5.7 5.9 7.3 5.0 164.5 2.1 2.0 106.1 5.5 5.8 7.5 4.9 165.0 2.1 2.0 106.8 5.4 5.7 7.6 5.0 614.1 8.7 11.3 360.7 35.0 18.3 25.0 26.0 637.9 8.9 11.8 374.6 35.4 18.5 24.9 26.4 636.9 8.8 11.5 373.8 35.5 18.6 24.9 26.6 501.4 12.2 18.6 205.1 34.8 20.8 34.6 16.2 538.6 13.8 20.0 221.7 35.7 21.4 35.7 17.2 524.2 12.6 19.2 215.4 35.4 21.6 34.9 16.7 Hawaii Honolulu 35.2 28.6 36.0 29.3 36.2 29.4 145.3 109.9 150.9 114.8 151.0 115.0 99.0 82.5 107.3 89.5 102.5 84.5 Idaho Boise City 19.3 7.7 19.9 7.8 19.8 7.8 77.8 22.3 79.9 22.5 80.8 22.7 73.4 17.3 82.6 18.9 77.0 18.2 Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 377.8 7.2 11.0 3.2 273.3 7.7 2.3 3.6 1.3 10.4 7.3 5.3 8.4 374.7 7.3 11.1 3.2 274.0 7.9 2.3 3.6 1.3 10.3 7.3 5.3 8.3 375.9 7.6 11.0 3.2 274.6 7.8 2.3 3.6 1.3 10.3 7.4 5.3 8.3 1,298.8 33.2 13.5 18.1 869.4 35.8 11.7 23.9 8.6 44.6 39.7 29.5 26.4 1,312.9 34.5 13.9 18.5 881.2 36.7 11.9 24.1 9.4 51.1 40.6 30.2 26.7 1,316.8 34.3 13.8 18.3 886.9 36.7 11.8 24.0 9.4 51.1 40.6 30.2 26.6 707.2 14.8 10.1 31.6 363.8 25.8 5.3 15.5 5.9 29.4 14.2 10.7 32.4 745.3 17.2 10.7 34.7 385.4 27.2 5.9 17.0 6.7 32.2 16.3 13.0 34.3 718.5 15.3 10.2 33.3 369.1 25.7 5.6 15.8 6.0 30.2 15.1 11.3 33.6 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Kokomo Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 124.6 1.6 2.0 3.1 5.5 13.1 8.5 50.0 1.4 3.2 1.7 6.4 2.1 126.5 1.5 1.9 3.2 5.6 13.2 8.5 50.2 1.5 3.2 1.7 6.5 2.1 126.7 1.5 1.9 3.2 5.6 13.3 8.6 50.4 1.5 3.2 1.7 6.4 2.1 506.0 10.7 9.7 15.8 34.1 46.4 54.6 155.6 7.2 13.4 11.4 32.7 12.2 532.6 11.3 11.7 17.5 36.2 51.1 56.7 158.8 8.0 15.1 11.6 34.4 12.2 534.3 11.4 11.7 17.4 36.4 51.1 56.3 158.8 8.0 14.8 11.6 34.6 12.2 321.6 5.5 15.3 5.1 11.3 14.0 28.9 87.8 5.2 17.2 7.9 10.4 8.5 354.9 6.3 15.9 6.6 11.9 16.9 31.7 95.9 6.0 18.3 9.9 12.2 8.8 338.7 5.7 15.7 6.5 11.3 15.1 29.4 94.0 5.7 17.5 9.4 11.8 8.8 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Iowa City Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls 69.8 4.7 32.1 1.5 1.5 2.6 2.9 71.8 4.8 33.5 1.6 1.5 2.7 3.0 72.2 4.9 33.7 1.6 1.5 2.7 3.0 273.3 22.7 58.3 12.4 9.3 14.2 15.2 281.7 23.5 58.9 11.9 9.9 14.7 15.1 279.6 23.6 57.8 11.9 9.6 14.7 15.2 202.7 9.8 30.0 3.2 23.0 6.7 10.8 221.1 11.3 32.5 3.5 26.1 7.0 12.3 205.0 10.6 30.8 3.2 26.1 6.9 11.5 Kansas Lawrence Topeka Wichita 58.5 1.5 6.6 10.8 60.0 1.5 6.6 11.2 59.8 1.6 6.6 11.2 235.0 7.2 21.9 59.5 242.4 7.5 22.5 59.6 242.2 7.4 22.6 59.5 192.0 9.2 20.4 24.9 212.5 10.3 22.3 27.6 197.0 9.7 20.7 24.4 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 61.3 9.4 27.8 1.5 62.4 9.5 27.5 1.4 62.4 9.5 27.5 1.5 314.6 47.7 120.9 8.4 330.1 51.9 128.5 8.4 331.3 51.9 129.4 8.8 240.2 39.2 59.5 4.6 260.9 43.7 65.2 5.3 253.7 43.3 63.0 5.2 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Lake Charles Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 78.8 2.5 13.1 2.1 3.3 3.1 4.4 33.4 6.5 78.5 2.4 13.1 2.1 3.3 3.2 4.3 32.9 6.2 78.4 2.4 13.2 2.1 3.2 3.0 4.2 32.9 6.2 342.6 11.4 50.3 9.6 19.8 12.9 12.5 146.6 32.0 349.8 12.0 50.5 10.4 20.7 13.0 13.0 148.2 32.9 349.8 11.9 50.5 10.4 20.7 13.0 12.9 147.6 33.1 305.0 12.0 52.0 10.6 12.3 11.4 11.8 82.3 24.3 317.3 12.6 53.9 11.4 12.8 11.3 10.9 87.9 24.8 310.9 12.2 54.2 11.1 13.4 11.4 11.8 88.8 23.5 See footnotes at end of table. 96 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Mining Construction State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P June 1990 July 1989 0.2 July 1990? July 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 550.2 40.5 133.7 544.3 41.7 134.8 533.8 40.1 133.7 2,162.2 1,145.1 482.5 775.1 2,191.7 1,162.7 485.5 785.8 2,184.3 1,156.3 488.1 779.2 3,114.9 1,735.0 73.8 55.8 41.0 164.4 104.2 67.6 43.6 241.7 201.6 3,092.6 1,730.3 74.3 56.5 41.0 166.0 103.3 67.4 43.8 240.2 203.2 3,021.8 1,688.2 72.4 54.3 39.0 163.4 99.1 65.5 43.3 234.3 199.9 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 3,881.6 165.8 58.8 67.0 1,927.9 163.0 339.9 53.7 108.6 208.3 58.8 157.3 3,947.1 175.9 61.1 68.0 1,949.4 170.4 352.5 55.4 111.4 216.1 58.8 164.7 3,883.3 169.7 60.6 67.4 1,925.0 168.7 347.8 54.4 110.5 208.8 59.0 163.5 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester St. Cloud 2,099.8 96.9 1,359.7 63.8 75.7 2,165.6 96.8 1,394.9 65.8 82.0 2,134.9 96.0 1,381.1 65.3 79.1 918.0 183.6 935.2 189.2 925.1 186.3 2,314.6 775.4 1,177.9 116.0 2,344.3 801.7 1,191.2 119.1 2,325.6 795.7 1,188.0 118.1 Montana 292.1 301.4 296.5 6.7 6.5 6.6 11.9 10.3 10.9 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 702.7 117.6 321.7 731.9 122.7 331.6 718.9 120.1 329.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 25.8 4.1 12.4 26.4 4.6 12.9 27.0 4.7 13.2 Nevada Las Vegas Reno 587.9 342.1 142.8 624.0 370.9 147.2 627.7 374.1 146.6 15.9 .3 1.6 47.3 32.3 7.8 51.2 35.5 8.2 51.8 35.9 8.2 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 519.8 86.5 92.9 112.4 520.1 84.2 91.1 109.2 501.3 81.5 86.3 104.6 .6 33.8 6.0 4.0 5.9 26.8 4.6 2.6 4.6 27.0 4.5 2.6 4.8 New Jersey Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Camden Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 3,741.8 188.6 673.0 454.4 252.1 542.2 353.3 979.4 197.2 58.8 3,779.2 190.8 680.2 464.1 253.0 546.1 352.9 991.7 201.2 60.3 3,753.9 196.6 674.5 459.3 251.2 540.0 355.7 986.9 196.9 60.1 2.5 175.8 10.4 33.5 26.5 7.3 24.3 22.0 40.5 5.7 2.5 161.9 9.6 31.7 26.4 7.0 23.1 18.4 39.0 5.0 2.5 161.8 9.4 32.1 26.3 7.0 23.3 18.5 39.4 5.1 2.5 Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland Maryland Baltimore MSA Baltimore City Suburban Maryland-D.C Massachusetts Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester .. Mississippi Jackson Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield (2) (2) 0.1 (2) (2) 1.7 .3 1.7 .3 1 (1) (1) 1.5 .7 1.5 .8 2 30.6 2.2 8.2 30.8 2.2 8.2 1.7 .3 166.2 80.5 21.2 73.3 168.2 78.6 20.6 72.4 168.3 78.0 20.2 73.1 1.6 .8 136.2 69.5 3.8 2.7 2.3 7.5 5.2 3.1 2.5 10.1 9.3 112.5 55.8 3.2 2.6 1.8 6.7 4.7 2.8 1.8 7.8 8.3 112.3 55.6 2.9 2.5 1.8 6.7 4.6 2.8 1.8 8.0 8.3 151.8 6.6 2.7 1.9 71.8 5.4 17.4 2.1 4.5 7.0 2.5 8.6 143.5 5.6 2.7 1.9 61.5 5.9 17.6 2.6 4.3 6.3 2.5 8.8 147.5 5.9 2.9 1.9 63.7 6.0 17.8 2.7 4.3 6.3 2.7 9.2 8.7 5.7 91.6 4.2 57.9 2.5 4.8 88.9 3.5 56.3 2.2 4.6 91.7 3.7 57.6 2.3 4.8 6.5 .6 37.3 8.0 35.4 7.6 35.3 7.7 5.4 105.3 34.7 66.3 5.1 101.6 35.3 60.2 4.6 104.5 35.5 62.0 4.7 2 () (2) (2) (2) (1) (2) () (2) (2) (2) (1) (2) 36.2 2.6 8.9 (1) (1) () (1) 2 0.2 (2) (2) () (2) (2) (2) (1) (2) .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .3 .1 .1 .3 11.4 11.0 (1) 1 () 10.9 (1) 1 () (1) 1.1 (1) 1 () (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 1.3 O 1.1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) O (11) () 01 (1) () (1) V) 8.1 5.5 2 0) 8.5 5.6 2 () 2 () (1) (1) V) (1) 5.8 .7 6.5 .6 5.4 (1) (1) (1) () (1) (1) 5.4 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 14.4 .3 1.6 15.5 .3 1.6 .4 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) .6 (1) (1) (1) 2.6 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 2.5 (1) (1) (1) (1) .7 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) .7 (1) .8 (1) (1) .4 .7 (1) .8 .8 (1) .4 .4 See footnotes at end of table. 97 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area July 1989 June 1990 106.0 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990^ July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Maine Lewiston-Aubum Portland 103.9 22.8 1.4 5.6 22.4 9.8 17.2 102.6 8.9 17.3 22.5 9.4 16.7 1.4 5.3 1.4 5.5 146.0 10.7 41.3 136.6 10.6 40.6 137.6 10.7 40.9 Maryland Baltimore MSA Baltimore City Suburban Maryland-D.C 210.1 130.7 44.9 38.5 206.2 128.0 44.7 38.3 205.0 126.7 44.3 38.1 101.2 55.6 28.4 31.2 102.4 57.6 28.8 32.0 103.1 57.1 28.8 32.0 546.8 279.8 95.9 200.4 547.1 282.3 95.8 201.0 548.8 282.3 95.4 202.4 Massachusetts Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 556.6 258.6 534.1 248.2 522.4 245.4 131.2 76.6 127.1 76.2 9.7 9.6 9.4 130.0 75.5 4.8 14.6 11.9 47.4 34.7 17.4 10.8 48.4 44.6 14.9 11.9 45.9 31.7 17.0 10.9 46.3 43.7 14.0 11.4 45.2 31.2 16.0 10.7 45.7 43.5 4.6 1.9 1.3 6.4 4.9 2.8 1.4 751.0 389.6 24.2 15.7 10.0 37.7 22.3 16.9 10.2 59.8 49.5 738.6 386.8 24.0 14.8 725.4 379.3 24.1 14.6 9.7 9.1 37.0 22.2 16.8 10.1 59.1 50.4 37.3 21.6 16.7 10.1 58.5 50.0 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 953.5 35.3 16.6 21.9 451.1 50.3 101.7 13.1 30.1 33.1 17.0 44.6 951.3 38.7 16.5 20.9 446.1 52.5 103.4 12.8 30.4 33.0 16.4 44.7 935.4 29.7 11.9 15.1 471.2 41.9 90.1 13.1 25.6 45.7 13.8 38.7 938.0 30.7 12.1 15.5 471.9 42.4 94.6 13.0 26.1 45.5 14.0 39.9 939.1 30.3 12.0 15.4 472.2 42.2 93.7 13.0 26.1 45.0 14.1 40.3 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester St. Cloud 406.1 8.6 1.9 3.9 525.2 25.0 334.8 13.0 24.0 534.3 24.7 340.7 12.9 26.4 532.1 24.7 339.4 12.8 26.3 1.3 9.6 9.0 10.2 9.3 4.5 1.9 1.2 5.9 4.4 2.4 1.4 9.6 9.1 934.1 35.5 16.1 20.8 439.5 51.4 102.5 12.5 30.1 32.3 16.4 44.9 153.4 155.3 155.7 4.8 1.7 2.5 5.1 1.6 2.6 5.0 1.6 2.7 87.3 89.7 89.2 4.4 4.3 4.3 11.5 11.4 11.4 4.1 4.0 3.3 5.8 2.2 6.2 3.9 3.4 401.0 401.7 8.5 266.8 12.0 15.0 262.5 12.1 15.4 262.4 12.3 15.2 105.4 6.0 74.4 1.9 3.8 110.0 8.6 108.7 5.9 77.5 Mississippi Jackson 244.0 21.5 244.1 22.0 241.3 21.8 45.9 14.1 47.3 14.8 47.0 14.8 199.2 43.7 202.0 43.9 202.4 43.9 Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield 437.9 110.8 223.0 21.5 440.0 111.6 224.8 21.2 434.7 111.8 221.9 21.1 152.1 63.9 77.3 151.4 65.1 78.3 151.0 65.0 78.5 7.4 7.7 7.7 578.4 203.5 291.5 33.6 577.3 209.6 295.9 34.7 578.7 209.5 295.2 34.6 Montana 22.5 22.5 23.2 20.3 19.8 19.8 80.1 81.9 82.1 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 95.0 14.1 35.8 96.9 14.2 36.3 95.7 13.8 36.3 45.8 47.0 24.2 47.1 6.8 25.0 184.4 27.2 83.0 186.9 27.4 85.1 186.8 27.4 85.2 Nevada Las Vegas Reno 25.6 10.1 26.3 10.7 26.2 10.5 30.9 18.0 32.3 19.3 32.3 19.3 8.5 8.7 8.7 9.5 9.1 9.1 121.5 73.4 32.5 127.9 78.9 33.9 129.0 79.5 34.2 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 109.0 11.4 34.0 19.6 109.0 11.1 33.0 19.2 103.1 10.8 31.7 16.7 17.8 4.9 3.4 2.9 18.9 4.9 3.4 2.8 17.6 4.8 3.3 2.8 138.7 22.6 23.2 30.4 132.4 21.6 22.4 27.3 131.8 20.9 21.7 27.7 New Jersey Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Camden Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 650.3 640.8 8.6 147.5 70.0 43.3 112.1 27.2 171.3 28.4 16.9 629.8 240.7 245.2 239.6 6.9 29.4 19.8 33.3 41.8 17.3 83.6 900.7 48.4 193.0 123.0 61.1 131.1 98.4 197.6 31.5 11.3 903.6 44.2 192.6 126.0 61.1 130.6 96.5 197.3 31.9 11.4 904.9 48.5 192.4 125.2 60.2 129.8 99.3 195.9 31.9 11.5 See footnotes at end of table. 98 8.5 148.9 72.8 42.9 112.7 27.7 174.4 29.1 16.9 1.9 1.4 6.5 4.4 2.7 3.3 5.5 2.2 6.3 6.6 5.9 77.9 1.9 3.9 8.2 6.9 6.9 144.4 69.5 41.7 110.1 27.1 168.7 27.6 16.9 29.6 19.6 33.2 41.7 17.4 81.3 29.8 20.5 33.7 42.5 17.5 84.4 6.8 2.2 6.7 2.3 5.8 2.2 6.1 6.8 24.9 6.6 2.3 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? 26.0 2.4 11.9 25.6 2.3 11.4 25.6 2.3 11.5 130.6 10.3 34.9 126.2 11.2 36.3 130.0 10.8 36.3 84.5 3.7 14.4 96.7 4.2 15.8 84.6 3.8 14.0 Maryland Baltimore MSA Baltimore City Suburban Maryland-C.C 133.7 78.0 46.2 46.5 134.3 77.4 45.9 46.7 134.5 77.4 46.0 47.1 601.5 315.0 150.8 231.1 612.8 322.5 152.8 231.6 612.7 322.5 153.6 232.5 401.0 205.2 95.1 154.1 419.0 216.0 96.9 163.8 410.2 212.0 99.8 154.0 Massachusetts Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 221.0 150.1 3.6 3.5 1.6 6.6 3.9 2.6 2.0 15.8 14.4 221.2 149.9 3.6 3.5 1.6 6.6 3.5 2.5 2.0 15.1 14.1 221.1 149.4 3.6 3.6 1.6 6.5 3.4 2.4 2.0 14.9 14.2 925.3 593.8 16.0 11.2 9.4 38.5 21.9 15.3 12.2 60.1 51.8 942.8 604.1 16.4 11.6 9.5 40.8 22.6 15.5 12.6 61.9 52.9 928.3 588.2 16.2 11.5 9.5 41.5 22.0 15.8 12.7 61.4 51.9 393.3 197.2 11.7 6.2 4.4 20.2 11.8 9.6 4.5 37.7 22.8 410.7 208.1 12.9 7.2 5.2 22.6 13.7 10.0 4.9 39.7 24.2 383.6 193.3 11.7 6.2 4.4 20.3 11.9 9.4 4.5 36.1 22.6 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 191.4 4.7 3.3 2.6 112.2 6.0 15.9 1.8 4.9 13.0 1.5 6.4 193.8 4.8 3.5 2.8 114.5 6.3 16.1 1.8 5.2 12.9 1.5 6.1 194.3 4.8 3.5 2.8 114.6 6.4 16.1 1.8 5.4 12.8 1.5 6.2 909.5 37.5 12.1 14.8 509.4 33.7 73.1 10.1 25.7 42.2 12.6 35.2 925.6 39.3 13.1 15.5 523.1 35.9 75.8 10.6 25.8 43.1 12.5 37.7 922.8 39.8 13.4 15.5 519.9 36.0 75.3 10.6 26.1 43.4 12.7 37.6 575.1 47.2 10.5 8.2 223.8 21.3 30.1 9.4 14.6 61.9 9.1 17.5 628.6 51.8 11.6 8.8 241.4 23.1 33.6 10.6 16.3 69 5 9.6 21.2 579.0 48.4 11.0 8.4 224.8 22.5 31.1 9.9 15.1 63.0 9.3 19.3 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester St. Cloud 122.1 3.3 94.0 1.6 2.5 124.0 3.2 95.2 1.7 2.4 124.6 3.2 95.8 1.7 2.4 536.6 24.1 360.3 27.3 15.9 559.1 24.1 373.7 28.4 16.6 559.7 24.0 374.1 28.9 16.7 304.7 20.2 170.8 5.5 9.7 339.8 21.2 188.1 6.6 12.7 307.7 20.3 173.8 5.4 9.8 39.4 14.9 38.7 14.6 38.8 14.6 159.2 42.5 164.1 43.7 162.9 43.5 187.3 38.3 197.2 42.0 190.8 39.5 136.9 59.4 75.3 5.5 136.8 59.9 74.6 5.7 136.6 59.8 75.1 5.6 564.8 191.7 309.9 29.8 571.6 197.1 318.8 30.6 573.3 197.1 320.6 30.3 333.8 111.5 134.6 13.1 360.2 123.1 138.6 14.6 341.4 117.0 134.7 14.1 Montana 13.4 13.5 13.5 73.1 74.6 75.6 64.1 72.3 64.8 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 48.9 8.6 29.5 48.7 8.4 29.4 48.4 8.5 29.4 166.7 27.0 91.6 174.5 29.0 95.6 172.8 28.4 95.2 134.4 30.0 45.2 149.7 32.3 47.3 139.4 30.5 45.6 Nevada Las Vegas Reno 26.0 16.7 6.7 27.4 17.2 7.1 27.6 17.3 7.1 256.5 158.4 60.1 269.5 171.8 60.6 274.5 176.0 60.8 65.7 32.9 16.1 73.9 37.2 18.0 70.4 35.3 16.9 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 33.4 8.9 3.5 7.3 32.6 8.9 3.3 7.1 32.7 9.0 3.3 7.2 127.2 24.7 18.4 25.3 128.6 24.0 18.2 24.2 127.8 23.5 17.5 24.7 59.5 8.0 6.4 21.0 71.2 9.1 8.2 24.0 60.7 8.0 6.2 20.7 New Jersey Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Camden Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 247.3 7.3 39.9 25.7 16.7 39.9 19.7 80.6 10.8 3.8 244.9 7.2 39.7 25.1 16.2 38.9 19.7 80.5 10.8 3.9 245.7 7.2 39.7 25.1 16.4 39.0 19.7 80.5 11.0 3.9 976.2 80.6 160.6 116.3 50.1 120.4 105.0 265.2 58.3 10.2 999.7 86.9 167.2 118.3 51.0 120.7 106.1 274.2 60.9 10.5 1,006.5 89.2 167.0 120.6 51.4 122.5 108.9 275.8 58.7 10.6 548.2 26.5 67.5 70.5 40.8 71.4 63.1 139.0 55.0 11.5 580.6 27.4 71.7 77.8 40.7 77.5 67.5 144.2 57.5 12.4 563.1 27.2 69.5 72.8 41.2 72.8 64.9 142.2 56.0 12.0 Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland Jackson Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield See footnotes at end of table. 99 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Mining Construction State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 555.9 239.8 40.3 58.0 571.1 243.6 43.3 60.4 566.7 242.0 41.2 60.4 New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Glens Falls Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Niagara Falls Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County 8,281.7 429.8 119.4 459.6 41.9 52.6 1,147.1 4,136.2 3,598.9 85.5 107.7 120.4 488.4 104.0 311.1 129.1 413.8 8,401.7 440.8 121.4 471.2 42.6 51.4 1,164.4 4,185.4 3,639.4 87.9 110.7 122.7 497.1 104.9 319.1 131.1 421.5 8,292.9 434.4 118.8 464.5 42.0 52.7 1,139.1 4,136.7 3,594.3 86.8 107.8 120.3 488.7 104.5 314.8 129.7 418.6 0) (1) North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham 3,037.2 84.5 611.0 476.2 417.6 3,128.8 90.3 636.0 486.8 427.9 3,066.1 89.1 625.8 473.4 425.3 (1) (1) (1) (1) 261.5 39.0 73.4 30.3 269.3 40.7 77.0 31.4 265.7 40.2 76.2 30.8 O 0 O Ohio Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren 4,815.3 281.6 165.2 727.7 943.5 699.0 444.9 289.8 193.6 4,977.7 291.1 169.1 758.8 969.3 734.0 461.5 299.4 205.0 4,932.6 289.8 168.1 753.8 966.3 724.6 456.5 294.7 196.4 15.4 .6 .8 .4 .8 .8 .5 .3 .4 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa 1,150.9 21.4 34.3 417.8 305.4 1,172.3 21.8 34.9 431.0 318.7 1,159.7 21.7 34.5 426.5 317.7 Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem 1,209.1 113.0 614.8 105.3 1,261.5 121.3 641.6 108.3 Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Philadelphia City Pittsburgh 5,114.7 278.3 52.7 49.2 118.1 314.1 79.6 189.3 2,194.3 763.6 899.5 5,160.9 284.7 53.7 50.3 120.8 322.4 81.3 190.7 2,214.0 764.5 918.3 New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks See footnotes at end of table. 100 July 1990" June 1990 14.5 14.7 (2) 2 () (2) July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 14.6 (2) 2 () (2) 32.2 14.0 2.5 2.9 29.3 12.7 2.5 2.8 29.5 12.7 2.5 2.8 6.1 .8 357.9 23.2 6.1 20.2 1.9 2.9 60.6 156.4 123.1 4.4 5.4 7.0 21.0 5.4 18.2 5.2 25.7 328.2 22.3 5.5 18.6 1.6 3.0 55.3 146.5 114.1 4.4 5.1 6.6 20.7 5.4 17.3 4.2 24.9 328.1 22.6 5.8 19.3 1.7 3.1 55.3 145.3 112.6 4.6 5.2 6.6 20.9 5.3 17.7 4.5 25.2 5.0 168.8 4.7 37.1 25.2 22.5 165.3 4.5 38.0 25.0 22.2 166.2 4.5 38.5 24.9 22.2 4.5 11.8 1.9 4.5 1.7 11.6 2.2 4.6 1.5 11.8 2.3 4.8 1.6 18.4 .6 .8 .5 .9 .9 .5 .2 .5 18.5 .6 .8 .5 .9 .9 .5 .3 .5 209.6 10.9 7.9 36.3 35.7 31.4 18.9 12.6 8.7 209.5 11.1 8.0 37.1 36.3 31.8 18.9 13.1 8.5 216.3 11.2 8.2 37.6 37.3 32.5 19.2 13.4 8.7 44.0 .9 .3 10.8 12.7 45.5 .9 .2 10.5 12.4 46.0 .9 .3 10.5 12.5 36.6 .6 1.1 12.1 10.7 36.9 .6 1.0 12.9 11.6 37.2 .7 1.0 13.4 11.9 1,245.6 118.0 636.2 109.2 1.6 .2 .4 .1 1.4 .2 .4 .1 1.5 .2 .4 .1 48.2 4.2 26.9 4.6 50.3 4.3 27.3 4.5 52.0 4.6 27.8 4.9 5,131.5 279.6 53.0 49.6 120.7 322.5 81.1 189.8 2,193.8 762.4 912.1 21.2 .7 27.7 .6 27.3 .6 () (1) 253.5 14.4 2.8 2.6 4.4 15.2 3.3 12.7 108.2 18.4 45.1 241.4 13.6 2.8 2.5 4.4 15.7 3.2 12.6 105.5 18.0 42.0 251.8 13.7 2.8 2.6 4.6 16.1 3.3 13.1 106.5 17.9 43.5 C22) () 6.1 .6 6.1 .8 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) O (11) () V) (11) () V) 01 () .4 (1) 01 () .8 1 .7 4.3 (1) (1) O (1) 4.3 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) O (1) 01 (1) () 1 .4 2.6 .5 1.1 (1) 3.5 .7 5.0 (1) (1) (1) (1) .4 1.6 .4 1.1 0 (1) (1) (1) (1) () (1) (1) (1) 4.9 .2 (1) (1) 1 () (1) 0 01 () .2 (1) (1) (1) 4.5 0 0 .4 2.6 .5 1.1 4.5 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and Dublic utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990" 41.6 21.2 3.5 1.7 43.3 21.2 3.6 1.8 42.9 21.2 3.4 1.8 28.0 12.3 1.3 .9 27.8 12.3 1.3 .9 27.9 12.1 1.3 .9 135.5 60.7 8.8 11.2 136.3 61.4 9.3 11.5 136.2 61.2 9.3 11.5 1,184.5 47.1 35.0 76.6 9.2 10.6 161.3 431.9 355.8 23.6 14.5 30.5 139.9 15.1 53.3 24.5 58.9 1,167.8 47.5 34.1 76.7 8.6 10.1 155.5 426.8 351.0 23.8 13.4 29.6 133.6 14.4 53.3 24.0 59.4 1,147.5 47.0 34.0 75.8 8.6 10.1 151.9 417.9 342.2 23.5 13.1 29.6 133.7 14.4 52.3 23.4 59.4 417.2 17.4 4.4 22.2 1.5 1.9 48.4 244.6 218.8 4.0 6.5 3.7 15.2 5.2 19.1 4.5 20.0 428.8 17.8 4.6 22.8 1.4 1.9 51.9 247.9 222.1 4.4 7.0 3.8 15.7 5.2 19.4 4.5 19.8 420.0 17.5 4.6 22.0 1.4 2.0 49.7 243.1 218.0 4.1 6.9 3.8 15.5 4.9 19.3 4.4 19.5 1,743.3 92.6 25.5 116.9 10.8 13.3 305.5 750.0 627.6 20.6 30.1 22.5 106.1 24.1 75.8 28.7 93.7 1,742.3 93.9 25.8 119.9 11.1 13.0 304.8 752.3 629.1 21.5 30.3 22.6 109.4 23.9 77.7 29.2 94.8 1,730.9 93.5 25.7 118.9 11.0 13.5 302.1 745.2 622.8 21.3 30.1 22.4 108.6 23.8 77.2 29.1 94.1 865.2 19.8 154.0 150.0 63.0 853.2 20.0 154.0 145.4 63.5 844.3 19.4 151.7 144.2 63.4 152.4 4.2 50.1 26.2 20.3 155.4 4.3 51.0 26.0 21.3 155.8 4.3 51.0 25.8 21.2 714.9 20.7 153.4 111.4 90.3 732.6 22.2 158.0 111.6 91.4 733.9 22.3 158.0 111.4 91.3 16.5 2.3 5.5 1.6 17.3 2.4 5.8 1.6 17.0 2.3 5.8 1.2 17.0 2.8 4.7 1.6 17.2 3.0 4.8 1.7 17.2 3.1 4.8 1.7 70.5 10.5 21.5 8.8 71.2 10.5 21.7 9.4 70.8 10.5 21.7 9.4 1,118.2 68.5 45.9 146.4 206.0 105.1 104.5 61.2 45.7 1,129.7 68.0 45.4 148.8 208.1 105.7 105.9 60.3 50.1 1,118.8 67.7 45.5 148.7 207.3 104.3 105.5 59.9 43.7 217.5 13.1 5.7 39.5 42.5 30.9 17.5 14.4 7.8 220.7 13.6 5.7 41.3 43.4 31.6 18.5 14.7 8.0 221.4 13.6 5.7 41.2 43.4 31.8 18.6 14.7 8.0 1,176.2 70.5 41.3 190.7 227.2 180.2 100.9 74.4 53.4 1,219.9 73.4 42.7 201.6 235.6 189.8 104.7 77.2 55.8 1,218.4 73.0 42.5 201.6 235.5 189.1 103.7 76.8 55.9 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa 163.0 1.6 3.4 48.9 52.4 165.1 1.5 3.5 47.9 54.5 165.0 1.5 3.5 47.4 54.6 65.8 2.2 1.9 21.0 24.4 66.5 2.1 1.7 21.1 25.2 66.7 2.1 1.7 21.2 25.3 278.0 6.4 8.6 103.6 73.0 283.3 6.4 8.6 104.2 75.8 282.0 6.3 8.6 104.8 75.9 Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem 225.4 21.3 103.5 17.4 221.4 20.7 104.5 15.9 226.4 20.8 105.1 18.9 62.9 4.5 37.5 2.8 64.6 4.6 38.0 2.8 63.8 4.5 37.8 2.7 313.3 29.0 165.5 23.7 323.0 30.9 171.6 24.1 326.4 30.8 173.0 23.9 1,051.3 75.1 10.4 9.2 36.2 52.5 14.9 59.6 363.9 85.9 124.9 1,034.9 74.8 10.1 9.2 37.0 51.3 14.8 57.6 356.2 82.9 123.6 1,029.2 73.7 10.1 9.1 37.0 51.4 14.8 57.3 353.8 82.2 123.9 251.3 14.2 4.7 5.1 4.4 19.2 4.8 7.5 98.9 41.6 48.1 255.7 14.1 4.5 5.1 4.6 19.5 5.0 7.4 100.5 41.7 50.4 249.5 13.9 4.5 5.1 4.6 19.0 4.8 7.3 98.8 41.2 49.5 1,175.6 61.6 13.9 11.6 25.6 71.5 17.3 47.5 507.8 146.6 226.2 1,177.6 62.7 14.3 11.8 26.0 72.8 17.5 48.0 509.6 147.0 229.1 1,175.0 62.1 14.2 11.7 25.8 72.8 17.6 48.3 504.4 146.1 228.5 New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Glens Falls Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Niagara Falls Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ... Raleigh-Durham North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks Ohio Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Philadelphia City Pittsburgh See footnotes at end of table. 101 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area Ju!y 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 26.7 14.4 1.7 2.1 26.8 14.5 1.7 2.1 26.7 14.3 1.7 2.1 142.0 70.7 7.6 16.2 145.8 72.8 7.7 16.4 146.2 72.7 New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Glens Falls Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Niagara Falls Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County 804.0 25.2 4.2 28.7 1.5 1.8 84.4 571.8 534.5 2.0 4.9 5.0 23.7 5.6 20.4 7.5 30.9 795.5 25.4 4.2 28.8 1.5 1.7 85.0 562.2 525.4 2.1 4.9 4.9 23.7 5.6 20.3 7.8 30.4 798.2 25.5 4.3 28.8 1.5 1.7 85.6 562.8 525.9 2.1 5.0 5.0 23.6 5.6 20.4 7.8 30.5 2,365.0 114.3 25.2 122.1 10.6 13.3 313.3 1,301.1 1,140.3 18.0 24.0 28.5 121.3 28.1 74.2 28.4 127.0 North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham 134.4 2.8 38.2 23.7 23.7 134.5 2.9 38.7 23.8 24.0 134.4 2.9 38.7 23.4 24.2 12.5 1.6 4.5 1.1 12.6 1.5 4.6 1.2 255.9 10.5 6.9 43.4 57.6 60.5 18.1 12.3 8.8 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks Ohio Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Philadelphia City Pittsburgh See footnotes at end of table. 102 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? 16.7 135.4 46.4 14.8 22.9 147.1 48.6 17.1 24.8 142.7 47.7 15.2 24.5 2,429.2 115.9 25.4 128.1 11.0 12.1 318.4 1,342.8 1,177.4 18.4 24.5 29.2 124.5 27.9 76.5 28.9 132.0 2,425.1 116.6 25.1 126.5 11.1 13.4 318.8 1,330.6 1,163.2 18.2 24.5 29.1 124.1 29.3 76.9 29.2 132.5 1,403.7 109.4 19.0 73.1 6.6 8.8 173.5 680.5 598.4 12.9 22.2 23.2 60.4 20.6 50.2 30.3 57.6 1,503.9 117.2 21.7 76.4 7.5 9.7 193.5 706.9 619.9 13.3 25.5 26.0 68.9 22.5 54.6 32.5 60.2 1,437.1 111.0 19.5 73.3 6.8 9.1 175.7 691.6 609.3 13.0 23.1 23.8 61.5 21.2 51.0 31.3 57.4 568.3 20.9 115.4 96.8 107.4 588.1 22.7 121.9 98.6 110.4 591.2 23.0 122.8 99.1 109.9 428.3 11.4 62.8 42.9 90.4 494.7 13.7 74.4 56.4 95.1 435.3 12.7 65.1 44.6 93.1 12.7 1.5 4.6 1.2 66.4 11.4 20.4 7.0 69.3 12.0 21.4 7.3 69.4 11.9 21.5 7.1 62.5 8.5 12.3 8.5 65.8 9.1 14.1 8.7 62.3 8.6 13.0 8.6 259.3 10.7 6.9 43.4 58.3 61.4 17.7 12.1 8.9 260.5 10.8 6.9 43.7 58.6 61.9 17.8 12.1 8.8 1,158.8 69.1 38.6 186.8 254.8 172.2 113.4 77.0 47.3 1,196.9 72.9 40.2 193.5 263.3 180.9 117.5 79.4 48.8 1,199.6 74.0 39.9 193.6 262.9 181.6 117.5 79.5 48.8 663.8 38.3 18.2 84.2 118.8 117.9 71.2 37.7 21.5 723.4 40.7 19.5 92.6 123.4 131.9 77.9 42.3 24.3 679.1 38.9 18.7 86.9 120.4 122.4 73.7 37.9 22.0 59.0 .9 1.7 24.9 16.8 55.8 .9 1.8 24.3 17.9 55.7 .9 1.8 24.4 17.9 264.2 5.2 6.3 103.7 79.5 265.4 5.4 6.2 108.6 83.0 265.0 5.4 6.6 107.8 83.3 240.3 3.6 11.0 92.8 35.9 253.8 4.0 11.9 101.5 38.3 242.1 3.9 11.0 97.0 36.3 76.8 5.6 50.0 5.4 77.3 5.9 50.6 5.6 78.0 5.9 50.9 5.6 282.8 27.6 155.3 21.8 291.0 29.0 161.2 22.8 292.1 29.0 162.1 22.7 198.1 20.6 75.7 29.5 232.5 25.7 88.0 32.5 205.4 22.2 79.1 30.4 301.1 14.5 1.9 1.7 5.6 20.0 4.5 7.4 161.6 70.6 54.2 299.9 14.5 2.0 1.6 5.7 21.7 4.4 7.6 161.2 69.7 55.3 300.3 14.5 2.0 1.7 5.7 21.8 4.4 7.6 162.0 70.0 55.4 1,390.5 69.9 11.8 11.5 28.8 70.5 20.6 40.2 655.4 255.9 293.3 1,422.2 71.5 12.1 11.8 29.8 73.7 21.0 41.2 668.4 259.6 303.3 1,423.1 70.9 12.0 11.7 29.9 74.8 20.9 41.3 663.8 258.7 302.9 670.2 27.9 7.2 7.5 13.1 64.8 12.6 14.0 297.4 144.6 104.2 701.5 32.9 7.9 8.3 13.3 67.3 12.8 15.8 311.5 145.6 110.1 675.3 30.2 7.4 7.7 13.1 66.2 12.7 14.4 303.4 146.3 103.9 in ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Construction Mining Total State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990* Pennsylvania-Continued Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Sharon State College Williamsport York 153.4 306.9 42.4 57.3 51.7 179.3 157.1 309.6 44.0 57.6 52.4 181.3 153.4 308.3 43.8 58.1 52.1 179.5 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 457.9 130.3 325.5 461.2 132.7 331.4 448.4 128.2 323.5 1,499.5 195.6 236.9 328.9 1,565.3 210.1 242.2 340.4 1,546.2 208.8 237.5 334.5 276.6 38.3 70.9 287.5 39.3 74.7 280.7 39.0 74.0 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 2,158.4 195.2 165.0 267.8 458.7 489.1 2,184.9 198.7 172.1 265.5 466.5 495.9 2,169.1 197.5 171.8 264.3 465.8 492.4 Texas Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Ft. Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland 6,805.8 47.3 76.4 356.5 134.8 61.8 72.6 49.7 127.2 1,345.9 202.0 566.3 76.3 1,507.5 73.6 41.8 67.5 94.8 94.1 44.1 42.0 36.8 509.3 36.7 45.9 61.3 27.2 79.3 50.5 6,956.2 48.2 77.3 366.9 139.7 65.5 76.7 50.5 129.7 1,365.5 207.5 580.1 76.8 1,557.5 75.4 44.2 69.1 95.4 100.2 44.7 42.4 36.1 517.3 36.5 47.2 62.3 28.5 81.5 50.4 6.935.4 47.6 76.7 361.7 139.3 64.7 75.3 51.7 129.7 1,363.3 206.7 578.1 76.7 1,557.4 74.7 44.3 68.9 95.8 98.5 44.8 42.6 35.8 512.8 36.5 46.0 62.1 28.6 80.4 50.0 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria Waco Wichita Falls July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P V) V) (1) (1) (1) V) July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P .5 .5 .5 7.7 16.3 1.5 3.7 2.7 11.7 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 21.7 5.7 16.3 19.4 4.9 15.3 19.4 4.9 15.5 1.8 94.5 13.6 14.1 24.4 103.2 15.4 16.2 24.6 102.4 15.4 15.9 24.5 3.0 .3 11.9 2.1 3.8 11.9 2.1 3.7 12.2 2.1 3.9 6.5 .8 101.9 7.9 7.9 15.4 19.4 25.7 101.4 8.6 8.0 15.1 20.0 25.1 102.7 8.7 8.1 15.2 20.1 25.3 319.3 1.6 3.5 11.4 9.7 8.1 2.2 1.5 9.1 48.8 8.4 21.6 6.3 97.1 3.4 1.2 3.0 3.4 4.2 1.3 1.9 1.2 21.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 3.1 1.6 325.5 1.6 3.5 11.1 10.7 9.9 2.2 1.7 10.5 46.1 8.4 21.2 6.4 101.0 3.2 1.2 3.6 3.3 4.4 1.4 2.0 1.1 21.3 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.0 3.1 1.6 327.9 1.6 3.6 11.2 10.7 9.7 2.2 1.7 10.3 46.8 8.4 21.3 6.4 102.1 3.2 1.2 3.7 3.6 4.7 1.4 2.1 1.1 21.4 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.0 3.2 1.6 0.6 0.6 .3 (1) .3 (1) 1.9 1.8 2.8 .3 (1) (1) (1) (1) 2.9 .4 (1) (1) 6.3 .8 (1) .3 (1) (1) (1) (1) V) V) V) 0.6 6.4 .8 (1) 1.8 1.9 0 1.9 (1) (1) (1) 174.4 1.5 1.3 .7 1.5 2.1 (1) .5 3.4 17.6 (1) 3.9 .5 65.0 1 () 1.6 3.5 .3 .9 8.8 5.1 .5 2.2 179.0 1,5 1.1 .7 1.7 2.1 (1) .5 3.4 17.4 (1) 3.9 .6 68.2 180.0 1.4 1.1 .6 1.7 2.1 (1) .5 3.3 17.5 O (1) (1) V) O 1.7 3.5 .2 .9 8.6 4.9 .6 2.1 .1 1.7 1.5 .1 1.7 1,2 (1) 1.5 O C) 1.4 O 4.0 .6 68.9 1 () 1.7 3.5 .2 .9 8.6 4.9 .6 2.2 1 () .1 1.6 1.5 (1) 1.4 8.0 15.8 1.6 3.8 2.8 11.8 8.1 16.2 1.7 3.9 2.9 12.1 See footnotes at end of table. 103 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Wholesale and retail trade Transportation and Dublic utilities Manufacturing State and area July 1989 Pennsylvania-Continued Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Sharon State College Williamsport York June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 47.8 70.4 11.3 8.2 16.2 60.7 47.0 70.2 11.7 7.9 15.8 58.3 45.2 68.5 11.9 7.9 15.6 58.0 6.5 15.7 1.9 1.6 1.8 7.1 6.8 16.5 2.0 1.7 1.9 7.2 6.4 16.1 2.0 1.7 1.9 7.0 34.6 73.1 10.6 11.3 11.7 43.4 35.4 74.0 10.5 11.5 11.9 44.6 35.7 74.1 10.5 11.5 11.9 44.7 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 104.4 47.6 67.9 105.5 48.3 68.3 100.0 46.0 64.9 15.4 3.7 11.0 15.8 4.0 11.9 15.7 3.8 11.9 108.6 33.4 73.0 107.9 34.6 72.9 106.5 34.0 72.4 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg 389.8 21.0 28.7 103.5 389.2 21.2 28.9 101.1 384.7 21.2 28.6 100.4 64.3 10.3 11.0 13.4 65.2 10.5 11.3 13.6 65.5 10.5 11.2 13.5 347.0 50.4 54.6 77.5 354.6 53.7 54.1 80.5 355.2 54.1 53.9 80.5 32.1 3.7 8.3 32.7 3.9 8.5 32.7 3.9 8.6 13.5 2.2 5.2 13.4 2.0 5.1 13.3 2.1 5.0 75.1 11.8 19.8 76.6 11.7 20.8 76.8 12.1 21.0 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 524.1 47.5 54.1 51.8 62.2 89.0 522.7 47.2 54.3 49.0 61.6 89.6 520.0 46.4 54.4 48.6 62.0 89.3 116.5 8.0 6.2 10.8 47.2 26.8 116.7 8.0 6.2 10.9 47.1 26.7 116.4 8.0 6.2 10.9 47.4 26.6 513.4 46.7 38.4 70.5 125.5 120.6 512.8 46.2 39.0 68.6 127.2 119.2 514.0 46.4 39.5 69.2 127.2 119.0 Texas Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Ft. Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria Waco Wichita Falls 973.9 4.8 8.8 44.6 24.8 16.2 10.5 3.8 11.4 225.9 42.1 120.2 9.0 163.7 8.9 1.6 16.2 7.2 13.1 2.4 4.1 5.5 48.8 11.1 7.2 10.9 3.0 15.5 8.5 965.2 4.6 8.7 45.5 25.3 16.5 10.9 3.7 11.7 221.3 39.8 119.7 9.0 164.6 8.8 1.8 16.4 7.1 12.8 2.3 4.2 4.9 46.1 10.9 7.2 10.9 3.1 16.0 8.0 963.4 4.6 8.7 45.7 25.1 16.6 10.9 3.8 11.9 221.6 39.7 117.2 8.9 165.4 9.0 1.8 16.4 7.2 12.5 2.3 4.2 5.0 46.0 10.9 7.1 11.1 3.1 15.8 8.0 401.9 2.6 5.5 11.1 9.6 2.6 3.2 1.3 6.8 78.0 10.4 52.3 4.8 107.0 2.7 5.8 3.4 4.9 3.1 2.3 1.9 2.8 19.7 1.6 2.4 2.8 1.3 3.4 2.6 416.3 2.7 5.6 11.1 9.7 2.6 3.2 1.5 6.6 80.2 10.5 55.9 5.2 107.5 2.6 6.2 3.4 5.6 2.9 2.3 1.9 2.6 19.8 1.3 2.4 2.8 1.3 3.5 2.6 419.7 2.7 5.5 11.1 9.7 2.6 3.2 1.5 6.7 80.5 10.9 56.2 5.4 108.1 2.6 6.1 3.4 5.5 2.9 2.3 1.9 2.5 19.9 1.3 2.4 2.8 1.3 3.5 2.6 1,692.8 13.1 22.2 78.7 32.4 11.5 19.8 11.2 32.7 346.5 51.3 145.9 14.3 368.8 16.8 13.7 17.1 27.8 29.3 10.8 12.5 9.1 130.0 8.0 10.8 16.2 7.5 18.6 11.9 1,709.8 13.2 21.9 78.0 32.6 11.9 20.4 11.5 32.1 358.0 53.2 147.2 14.4 375.0 17.0 14.1 17.0 27.9 31.1 11.1 12.7 8.8 132.6 8.1 10.8 16.4 7.7 18.8 11.8 1,712.1 13.2 21.8 78.1 32.9 11.9 20.3 11.6 32.2 358.2 53.3 147.3 14.4 374.8 16.9 14.3 17.0 28.2 31.3 11.0 12.8 8.8 132.8 8.1 10.9 16.4 7.8 18.8 11.8 South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls See footnotes at end of table. 104 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Government Services Finance, insurance, and real estate State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Pennsylvania-Continued Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Sharon State College Williamsport York 9.0 13.3 1.4 1.9 2.4 5.2 9.1 13.7 1.4 1.9 2.4 5.2 9.0 13.8 1.4 2.0 2.4 5.2 32.3 77.9 11.2 10.8 10.5 33.5 33.3 77.5 11.6 11.2 10.7 34.8 33.1 79.2 11.6 11.2 10.9 34.6 15.5 39.6 4.5 19.5 6.4 17.2 17.5 41.3 5.2 19.3 6.9 18.9 15.9 39.8 4.7 19.6 6.5 17.4 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 27.1 3.8 22.5 26.7 4.1 22.0 26.5 4.1 21.7 122.5 26.1 91.4 125.9 26.8 95.4 123.4 26.1 94.3 58.1 9.8 43.3 59.9 9.8 45.5 56.8 9.1 42.7 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg 70.2 9.0 18.8 12.3 72.5 9.1 18.9 12.5 72.8 9.1 18.7 12.4 280.2 42.5 47.9 61.3 291.8 45.7 47.8 66.2 293.0 45.6 47.2 66.1 251.6 48.8 61.8 36.5 287.0 54.5 65.0 41.9 270.8 52.9 62.0 37.1 South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls 16.0 1.7 7.5 16.5 1.5 7.9 16.6 1.5 7.9 68.4 10.2 19.2 69.7 10.4 19.8 68.8 10.4 19.9 56.8 6.3 7.1 63.8 7.3 8.9 57.3 6.6 7.7 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 104.9 12.6 5.5 10.1 26.2 32.2 104.4 13.2 5.4 10.1 26.6 32.4 104.5 13.2 5.3 10.3 26.7 32.3 472.9 39.0 29.9 58.2 109.2 130.1 484.1 41.2 33.6 58.5 112.5 135.7 483.8 41.2 33.4 58.7 112.6 135.6 318.5 32.7 22.9 49.2 69.0 64.7 336.4 33.4 25.6 51.4 71.5 67.2 321.2 32.8 24.9 49.5 69.8 64.3 Texas Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Ft. Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria 434.4 2.3 4.1 23.9 5.3 1.8 3.6 1.7 6.4 130.7 8.5 28.0 4.7 101.3 3.1 1.8 2.7 5.5 4.1 2.4 1.6 1.7 41.1 1.9 1.8 3.5 1.6 5.1 2.3 434.1 2.2 3.9 24.0 5.4 1.8 3.8 1.8 6.2 128.8 8.3 27.9 4.5 102.8 3.3 1.9 2.7 5.4 4.3 2.4 1.5 1.7 40.8 1.9 1.8 3.5 1.5 5.1 2.3 433.6 2.2 3.9 24.1 5.4 1.8 3.8 1.7 6.2 128.7 8.5 27.8 4.6 102.8 3.3 1.9 2.7 5.4 4.3 2.4 1.5 1.7 40.5 1.9 1.8 3.5 1.5 5.1 2.4 1,623.8 13.0 17.6 92.4 31.9 8.8 17.1 9.2 30.0 349.8 41.9 126.5 14.2 417.6 17.3 7.0 13.0 23.8 15.8 9.7 7.6 9.1 133.8 8.3 10.4 15.4 6.0 21.6 12.5 1,672.3 13.6 17.8 93.8 33.2 9.3 18.4 9.2 30.6 351.3 43.3 129.9 14.3 434.0 17.7 7.4 13.6 23.8 16.8 9.7 7.8 8.7 135.2 8.4 11.0 15.3 5.9 22.1 12.7 1,677.2 13.5 17.9 94.1 33.3 9.2 18.2 9.5 30.6 352.3 43.7 130.0 14.3 436.6 17.5 7.4 13.7 23.8 16.6 9.8 7.8 8.8 135.4 8.5 10.9 15.5 5.8 22.0 12.6 1,185.3 8.4 13.4 93.7 19.6 10.7 16.2 20.5 27.4 148.6 39.4 67.9 22.5 187.0 21.4 9.1 8.6 21.9 23.6 6.4 7.3 6.9 111.9 4.1 11.6 9.1 5.1 12.0 9.6 1,254.0 8.8 14.8 102.7 21.1 11.4 17.8 20.6 28.6 162.4 44.0 74.4 22.4 204.4 22.8 9.9 8.9 22.1 27.0 6.9 7.4 7.7 119.4 4.3 12.4 10.0 5.5 12.9 10.0 1,221.5 8.4 14.2 96.8 20.5 10.8 16.7 21.4 28.5 157.7 42.2 74.3 22.1 198.7 22.2 9.9 8.5 21.9 25.3 7.0 7.4 7.3 114.6 4.1 11.3 9.5 5.6 12.0 9.6 Waco Wichita Falls See footnotes at end of table. 105 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Constructor l Mining State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990* Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Ogden 686.7 84.6 476.2 731.0 89.4 499.4 718.7 88.4 493.9 Vermont Barre-Montpelier Burlington 260.2 33.8 80.0 259.1 34.4 80.2 253.0 32.8 78.8 Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 2,875.7 32.2 71.8 41.4 75.7 590.9 785.0 471.0 125.6 2,960.3 33.7 76.4 41.8 78.3 604.1 794.4 478.4 127.9 2,934.5 33.4 75.1 41.1 76.0 597.4 787.4 476.2 127.1 Washington Seattle 2,053.7 1,067.6 2,163.9 1,112.7 2,136.5 1,106.9 3.7 .5 3.9 .6 604.9 108.9 108.9 61.9 59.4 629.7 113.0 111.3 62.8 62.3 631.2 113.8 110.9 62.7 62.6 17.9 1.1 1.1 .5 .8 36.2 2.0 1.6 .5 2.5 2,240.3 157.7 60.1 101.6 58.2 39.5 52.9 213.1 746.3 76.9 52.8 52.8 2,302.6 162.2 62.4 105.5 59.7 41.0 53.9 219.7 770.5 79.5 54.2 54.9 2,284.6 161.2 61.8 104.7 59.3 40.2 53.3 220.4 762.6 78.2 54.2 54.5 198.7 27.8 205.2 28.7 200.1 28.2 858.2 54.0 62.7 59.7 519.7 877.3 54.5 61.6 61.7 530.5 874.9 54.5 61.5 61.9 528.1 West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Sheboygan Wausau Wyoming Casper , Puerto Rico Caguas Mayaguez Ponce San Juan Virgin Islands See footnotes at end of table. 106 43.8 41.6 41.5 8.8 8.2 (1) (1) 2.7 2.8 .6 (1) (1) .6 .8 1 16.6 O 01 () O (1) 2.6 1 () .5 .5 19.7 2.7 5.9 16.3 2.5 4.6 16.4 2.3 4.7 16.6 204.9 1.2 4.6 2.4 3.8 38.8 65.7 32.1 8.3 198.0 1.1 4.4 2.2 3.9 37.8 56.8 31.4 7.9 199.6 1.1 4.4 2.3 3.9 37.6 56.8 32.1 8.2 3.9 .6 113.9 62.9 121.2 59.9 125.5 63.3 36.2 2.0 1.6 .5 2.5 25.3 4.1 5.5 3.2 2.2 24.7 5.2 5.7 3.5 2.3 24.6 5.3 5.5 3.4 2.3 2.7 89.5 7.7 2.1 4.7 2.1 1.6 2.2 9.1 28.9 2.9 1.7 2.2 88.8 8.0 2.9 5.8 2.0 1.7 2.0 9.0 27.8 2.5 1.4 2.1 91.4 8.2 2.8 5.9 1.9 1.6 2.1 9.3 28.5 2.5 1.S 2.3 17.9 2.4 11.6 1.7 11.6 1.6 11.7 1.7 .9 43.8 1.5 2.8 3.9 32.0 46.5 1.2 2.2 5.0 33.4 46.7 1.2 2.1 5.0 33.4 2.4 2.7 2.6 O O (11) () (1) (1) O (11) (1) (1) () 0 V) (11) (1) () O (11) () 0 O (11) () 0 0 0) 17.7 2.4 .9 01 () 0) 1 () .6 .8 () 2.7 .9 (1) 29.0 3.0 20.6 (1) 17.7 2.4 .6 V) V) 0 1 July 1990P 28.9 3.0 20.5 1 () 0) 01 (1) (1) (1) (1) () (11) (1) (1) () O 0) .6 .8 June 1990 28.3 3.0 19.3 2.8 0) (1) 1 () 8.8 0 .6 O (1) 14.8 V) (11) (1) () 0 July 1989 () .5 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and \)ublic utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 103.3 13.4 67.1 106.7 13.4 68.4 106.3 13.6 68.2 41.1 2.8 31.4 43.3 2.7 32.9 43.2 2.8 32.8 167.5 20.1 120.4 178.3 20.8 124.6 177.3 20.7 123.7 48.1 4.6 16.5 45.5 4.8 15.4 44.6 4.6 15.3 10.8 .9 3.6 11.0 .9 3.7 10.8 .9 3.8 62.6 7.7 20.3 61.3 7.4 20.3 61.4 7.3 20.1 Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 427.8 10.4 9.1 16.5 23.9 68.9 35.8 64.6 19.7 424.1 10.6 9.0 15.6 23.7 68.9 35.3 63.0 19.6 421.2 10.5 8.8 15.6 23.8 68.9 35.0 62.8 19.3 150.5 1.2 2.7 1.0 2.9 27.6 54.2 24.5 8.1 155.2 1.2 2.8 1.0 2.6 27.8 56.4 24.3 7.9 154.6 1.2 2.8 1.0 2.6 28.1 56.3 24.3 7.9 659.5 8.6 14.7 9.2 17.0 146.7 176.2 111.7 33.8 672.7 8.9 15.0 9.3 17.6 147.5 180.6 111.9 34.0 674.3 9.0 15.1 9.4 17.5 146.4 179.8 111.6 34.5 Washington Seattle 367.7 217.9 365.2 218.6 365.9 219.2 110.1 67.1 113.6 70.5 114.0 71.5 505.9 258.9 536.9 269.8 536.9 271.1 88.2 10.8 20.5 14.6 7.4 88.5 11.1 20.6 14.3 7.6 87.8 11.1 20.7 14.2 7.6 36.9 9.0 8.2 2.6 3.5 37.3 9.2 8.1 2.6 3.5 37.2 9.2 8.1 2.6 3.5 146.7 29.2 27.4 15.2 16.6 146.6 30.0 28.0 15.5 17.0 147.1 30.0 28.0 15.5 17.1 563.8 55.8 11.7 25.8 17.8 10.2 10.5 25.4 172.3 25.4 22.5 15.6 564.3 55.4 10.8 25.1 17.8 9.6 10.3 26.2 173.7 26.5 22.7 15.6 568.1 55.5 10.9 25.7 17.7 8.7 10.3 26.6 172.8 25.3 23.2 15.7 98.8 5.2 3.4 7.5 2.3 1.5 2.3 6.7 35.8 2.4 1.6 2.9 101.2 5.6 3.6 7.5 2.2 1.9 2.5 6.7 37.0 2.2 1.6 3.1 99.9 5.6 3.6 7.6 2.2 2.0 2.5 6.5 36.0 2.2 1.6 3.1 538.8 34.1 16.6 26.2 14.0 10.4 14.4 48.7 173.4 18.6 9.8 13.4 552.9 35.5 17.1 26.9 14.1 10.8 14.1 51.0 180.2 19.0 10.1 14.0 552.9 35.5 17.0 26.5 14.0 11.0 14.0 51.0 180.1 19.3 10.1 14.0 9.0 1.7 9.0 1.7 9.0 1.7 14.8 1.7 14.7 1.8 14.8 1.9 47.4 8.0 47.6 7.9 48.7 7.9 156.5 15.3 21.3 10.0 65.9 155.9 14.6 20.4 10.2 68.2 154.0 14.5 20.0 9.9 67.4 18.4 .4 .4 2.0 14.1 19.5 .4 .6 2.0 14.5 19.3 .4 .5 1.8 14.4 150.3 10.8 8.2 8.8 102.7 156.2 11.3 8.5 8.8 104.8 155.3 11.3 8.4 8.8 104.1 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.2 10.1 10.5 10.4 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Ogden Vermont Barre-Montpelier Burlington West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Sheboygan Wausau Wyoming Casper Puerto Rico Caguas Mayaguez Ponce San Juan Virgin Islands See footnotes at end of table. 107 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area July 1989 July 1990" June 1990 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Ogden 33.4 2.3 27.7 34.4 2.4 27.6 34.6 2.3 27.6 Vermont Barre-Montpelier Burlington 13.4 3.2 4.1 13.5 3.1 4.3 Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 155.6 1.2 4.5 1.3 3.8 27.3 52.5 1.3 Washington Seattle West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Sheboygan Wausau Wyoming Casper Puerto Rico Caguas Mayaguez Ponce San Juan Virgin Islands 1 p 108 June 1990 July 1990? July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 115.7 179.7 32.8 122.9 178.8 32.8 123.0 136.9 12.9 91.9 150.9 14.3 99.7 140.7 13.2 95.2 13.5 2.9 4.3 67.6 8.0 19.3 66.5 8.0 19.6 67.4 8.0 19.6 37.4 6.7 10.3 44.4 7.7 12.3 38.4 6.8 11.0 157.7 158.6 1.2 4.7 1.2 4.7 1.3 719.7 4.9 13.9 6.3 749.4 5.1 560.9 5.6 25.2 15.0 151.9 257.5 106.0 542.9 4.7 22.3 4.7 9.3 129.7 586.6 5.6 10.0 4.8 9.5 138.1 132.2 258.8 142.5 91.7 152.2 148.0 109.9 31.8 16.7 156.0 260.3 109.5 33.1 748.7 4.8 14.1 6.7 14.9 33.1 14.9 97.3 16.5 94.6 15.2 3.8 28.1 168.0 30.1 14.3 6.7 26.2 5.7 39.6 9.0 3.8 28.0 52.2 40.2 8.9 52.1 40.1 8.9 113.7 72.1 117.4 73.5 118.0 73.7 477.9 256.4 502.7 268.1 504.6 268.5 360.8 131.8 403.0 151.7 367.7 139.0 24.2 6.2 3.9 2.2 2.9 24.7 6.2 3.9 2.3 3.1 24.6 6.2 3.9 2.3 3.1 139.6 27.7 24.3 14.3 16.6 145.6 28.7 24.6 14.5 16.7 145.3 28.8 24.7 14.4 16.7 126.1 20.8 18.0 126.1 20.6 9.3 9.4 9.6 128.4 21.2 18.4 9.8 9.8 119.9 7.5 1.9 4.0 1.7 1.3 1.6 19.1 51.2 2.4 2.6 3.4 121.7 7.7 1.9 4.3 1.6 1.3 1.7 19.3 51.6 2.4 2.5 3.4 122.3 7.7 2.0 4.4 1.7 1.3 1.7 19.4 52.0 2.4 2.5 3.4 514.2 529.0 32.2 15.3 24.5 14.0 9.6 16.1 49.0 312.7 342.2 17.9 10.8 11.4 319.1 7.8 5.8 6.8 58.5 8.2 5.0 5.6 8.0 6.2 7.2 58.4 87.5 8.8 5.4 6.1 79.9 8.5 5.0 5.6 7.4 1.4 7.4 1.4 55.8 5.4 48.5 4.7 36.9 1.3 1.3 1.9 29.8 328.2 19.0 21.6 23.0 2.0 13.7 Combined with construction. Not available. = preliminary. NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. 2 July 1989 156.1 18.8 9.6 17.0 9.6 9.7 212.4 18.0 10.4 10.7 528.1 32.4 15.3 24.2 14.1 9.8 15.9 49.0 213.0 17.9 10.3 10.6 7.4 1.4 41.7 6.4 41.4 6.5 42.1 6.5 4.5 36.6 1.4 1.3 1.8 29.9 36.7 1.4 1.4 1.8 29.9 125.8 6.1 7.6 134.1 6.6 7.5 10.5 89.4 11.3 133.8 6.7 7.4 11.5 325.6 18.6 21.0 22.5 94.1 93.8 185.3 327.6 19.0 21.1 22.7 185.2 1.9 1.9 9.7 8.5 8.4 14.7 13.4 31.6 14.3 23.4 13.4 8.7 15.2 47.2 205.1 15.7 10.1 10.1 7.1 5.7 6.5 56.7 79.3 16.4 10.3 10.4 184.5 All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1989 benchmarks, and industry detail are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual. ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date Total private1 Year and month Construction Mining Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings Weekly hours 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 38.7 38.8 38.6 38.0 37.8 37.7 $2.36 2.46 2.56 2.68 2.85 3.04 $91.33 95.45 98.82 101.84 107.73 114.61 41.9 42.3 42.7 42.6 42.6 43.0 $2.81 2.92 3.05 3.19 3.35 3.60 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 37.1 36.9 37.0 36.9 36.5 36.1 36.1 36.0 35.8 35.7 3.23 3.45 3.70 3.94 4.24 4.53 4.86 5.25 5.69 6.16 119.83 127.31 136.90 145.39 154.76 163.53 175.45 189.00 203.70 219.91 42.7 42.4 42.6 42.4 41.9 41.9 42.4 43.4 43.4 43.0 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 35.3 35.2 34.8 35.0 35.2 34.9 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.6 6.66 7.25 7.68 8.02 8.32 8.57 8.76 8.98 9.28 9.66 235.10 255.20 267.26 280.70 292.86 299.09 304.85 312.50 322.02 334.24 43.3 43.7 42.7 42.5 43.3 43.4 42.2 42.4 42.3 43.0 Hourly earnings Weekly earnings Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings $117.74 123.52 130.24 135.89 142.71 154.80 37.2 37.4 37.6 37.7 37.3 37.9 $3.55 3.70 3.89 4.11 4.41 4.79 $132.06 138.38 146.26 154.95 164.49 181.54 3.85 4,06 4.44 4.75 5.23 5.95 6.46 6.94 7.67 8.49 164.40 172.14 189.14 201.40 219.14 249.31 273.90 301.20 332.86 365.07 37.3 37.2 36.5 36.8 36.6 36.4 36.8 36.5 36.8 37.0 5.24 5.69 6.06 6.41 6.81 7.31 7.71 8.10 8.66 9.27 195.45 211.67 221.19 235.89 249.25 266.08 283.73 295.65 318.69 342.99 9.17 10.04 10.77 11.28 11.63 11.98 12.46 12.54 12.80 13.25 397.06 438.75 459.88 479.40 503.58 519.93 525.81 531.70 541.44 569.75 37.0 36.9 36.7 37.1 37.8 37.7 37.4 37.8 37.9 37.9 9.94 10.82 11.63 11.94 12.13 12.32 12.48 12.71 13.08 13.52 367.78 399.26 426.82 442.97 458.51 464.46 466.75 480.44 495.73 512.41 Annual averages Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted 1989: August September October November. December. 1990: January February ... March April May June JulyP Augusf 34.9 34.7 34.8 34.5 34.6 $9.61 9.77 9.81 9.81 9.84 $335.39 339.02 341.39 338.45 340.46 43.5 44.0 44.1 43.8 43.7 $13.22 13.29 13.23 13.27 13.46 $575.07 584.76 583.44 581.23 588.20 38.9 38.6 39.2 38.0 37.0 $13.51 13.65 13.71 13.69 13.84 $525.54 526.89 537.43 520.22 512.08 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.8 34.9 34.8 9.87 9.91 9.93 9.97 9.97 9.98 10.00 9.99 336.57 338.92 340.60 342.97 342.97 347.30 349.00 347.65 43.6 43.3 43.0 43.1 43.2 44.4 43.6 44.0 13.46 13.46 13.57 13.66 13.56 13.66 13.65 13.59 586.86 582.82 583.51 588.75 585.79 606.50 595.14 597.96 37.6 37.3 37.9 37.3 38.2 39.1 38.3 39.0 13.59 13.59 13.63 13.58 13.68 13.63 13.70 13.74 510.98 506.91 516.58 506.53 522.58 532.93 524.71 535.86 See footnotes at end of table. 109 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued Transportation and public utilities Manufacturing Year and month Hourly earnings, excluding overtime Weekly hours Weekly hours Hourly earnings 1964 1965 .. 1966 1967 1968 1969 40.7 41.2 41.4 40.6 40.7 40.6 $2.53 2.61 2.71 2.82 3.01 3.19 $2.43 2.50 2.59 2.71 2.88 3.05 $102.97 107.53 112.19 114.49 122.51 129.51 41.1 41.3 41.2 40.5 40.6 40.7 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 39.8 39.9 40.5 40.7 40.0 39.5 40.1 40.3 40.4 40.2 3.35 3.57 3.82 4.09 4.42 4.83 5.22 5.68 6.17 6.70 3.23 3.45 3.66 3.91 4.25 4.67 5.02 5.44 5.91 6.43 133.33 142.44 154.71 166.46 176.80 190.79 209.32 228.90 249.27 269.34 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 39.7 39.8 38.9 40.1 40 7 40.5 40.7 41.0 41.1 41.0 7.27 7.99 8.49 8.83 9.19 9.54 9.73 9.91 10.19 10.49 7.02 7.72 8.25 8.52 8.82 9.16 9.34 9.48 9.73 10.02 288.62 318.00 330.26 354.08 374.03 386.37 396.01 406.31 418.81 430.09 Weekly earnings Hourly earnings Wholesale trade Weekly earnings Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings $2.89 3.03 3.11 3.23 3.42 3.63 $118.78 125.14 128.13 130.82 138.85 147.74 40.7 40.8 40.7 40.3 40.1 40.2 $2.52 2.60 2.73 2.87 3.04 3.23 $102.36 106.27 111 08 115.85 121.89 129.74 40.5 40.1 40.4 40.5 40.2 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 39.9 3.85 4.21 4.65 5.02 5.41 5.88 6.45 6.99 7.57 8.16 155.93 168.82 187.86 203.31 217.48 233.44 256.71 278.90 302.80 325.58 39.9 39.4 39.4 39.2 38.8 38.6 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.8 3.43 3.64 3.85 4.07 4.38 4.72 5.02 5.39 5.88 6.39 136.91 143.68 151.42 159.74 170.11 182.42 194.15 208.76 227.87 247.65 39.6 39.4 39.0 39.0 39.4 39.5 39.2 39.2 38.8 38.9 8.87 9.70 10.32 10.79 11.12 11.40 11.70 12.03 12.26 12.61 351.25 382.18 402.48 420.81 438.13 450.30 458.64 471.58 475.69 490.53 38.4 38.5 38.3 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.3 38.1 38.1 38.0 6.95 7.55 8.08 8.54 8.88 9.15 9.34 9.59 9.98 10.39 267.13 290.75 309.23 328.25 341.78 351.08 357.57 365.30 380.24 394.82 Annual averages , Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted 1989: August September October November December 1990: January February March April May June Julyp Augusf 40.9 41.2 40.9 41.1 41.3 $10.46 10.56 10.54 10.59 10.68 $9.99 10.06 10.06 10.11 10.20 $427.81 435.07 431.09 435.25 441.08 38.9 38.9 39.0 38.7 38.7 $12.61 12.73 12.74 12.71 12.76 $490.53 495.20 496.86 491.88 493.81 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.1 38.2 $10.36 10.48 10.51 10.56 10.63 $393.68 399.29 401.48 402.34 406.07 40.6 40.4 40.7 39 8 40.9 41 1 40.5 40.9 10.60 10.68 10.75 10.75 10.81 10.85 10.88 10.84 10.16 10.25 10.30 10.37 10.36 10.37 10.41 10.34 430.36 431.47 437.53 427.85 442.13 445.94 440.64 443.36 37.8 38.4 38.7 38.9 38.9 39.4 39.4 39.4 12.79 12.87 12.83 12.96 12.82 12.86 12.96 12.95 483.46 494.21 496.52 504.14 498.70 506.68 510.62 510.23 37.8 37.8 37.9 38.1 38.0 38.2 38.3 38.0 10.61 10.66 10.66 10.78 10.73 10.76 10.83 10.75 401.06 402.95 404.01 410.72 407.74 411.03 414.79 408.50 See footnotes at end of table. 110 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate Retail trade Year and month Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings Weekly hours 37.0 36.6 35.9 35.3 34.7 34.2 $1.75 1.82 1.91 2.01 2.16 2.30 $64.81 66.65 68.50 70.86 74.93 78.67 37.3 37.2 37.3 37.1 37.0 37.1 $2.30 2.39 2.47 2.58 2.75 2.93 33 8 33.7 33.4 33.1 32.7 32.4 32.1 31.6 31.0 30.6 2.44 2.60 2.75 2.91 3.14 3.36 3.57 3.85 4.20 4.53 82.31 87.51 92.03 96.45 102.55 108.63 114.56 121.54 130.14 138.83 36.7 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.2 30.2 30.1 29.9 29.8 29.8 29.4 29.2 29.2 29.1 28.9 4.88 5.25 5.48 5.74 5.85 5.94 6.03 6.12 6.31 6.53 147.24 157.99 163.83 171.13 174.47 174.81 175.80 178.80 183.62 188.72 36.2 36.3 36.2 36.2 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.3 35.9 35.8 Services Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings $85.77 88.85 92.21 95.70 101.70 108.56 36.1 35.9 35.5 35.1 34.7 34.7 $1.94 2.05 2.17 2.29 2.42 2.61 $70.05 73.60 76.92 80.30 84.08 90.62 3.07 3.22 3.36 3.53 3.77 4.06 4.27 4.54 4.89 5.27 112.79 118.02 122.94 129.34 137.68 147.89 155.51 165.42 178.03 190.92 34.4 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.3 33.0 32.8 32.7 2.81 3.04 3.27 3.47 3.75 4.02 4.31 4.65 4.99 5.36 96.52 103.04 110.62 117.49 126.22 134.73 143.53 153.59 163.89 175.36 5.79 6.31 6.78 7.29 7.63 7.94 8.36 8.73 9.06 9.54 209.68 228.73 245.68 263.68 278.04 289.20 304.49 316.37 325.25 341.53 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 5.85 6.41 6.92 7.31 7.59 7.90 8.18 8.49 8.88 9.39 190.98 209.16 225.87 239.04 247.25 256.49 265.93 276.03 289.49 306.11 Hourly earnings Weekly earnings Annual averages 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 .. . . 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 .. . rMonthly data, not seasonally 1989: August September October November December 1990: January February March April May June July" August" 29.6 28.9 28.9 28.6 29.3 $6.49 6.59 6.61 6.63 6.65 $192.10 190.45 191.03 189.62 194.85 35.8 35.6 36.1 35.6 35.6 $9.47 9.60 9.70 9.67 9.73 $339.03 341.76 350.17 344.25 346.39 32.8 32.5 32.8 32.5 32.5 $9.30 9.49 9.58 9.61 9.68 $305.04 308.43 314.22 312.33 314.60 28.1 28.3 28.5 29.0 28.8 29.3 29.7 29.4 6.73 6.72 6.74 6.75 6.75 6.75 6.74 6.75 189.11 190.18 192.09 195.75 194.40 197.78 200.18 198.45 35.6 35.7 35.6 36.1 35.5 35.8 36.2 35.7 9.80 9.87 9.84 9.97 9.90 9.90 10.00 9.93 348.88 352.36 350.30 359.92 351.45 354.42 362.00 354.50 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.6 32.3 32.7 33.0 32.9 9.72 9.75 9.76 9.82 9.77 9.75 9.78 9.76 314.93 315.90 316.22 320.13 315.57 318.83 322.74 321.10 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. adjusteci p = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks and conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. See the article in this issue for additional information. Ill ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry Industry 1987 SIC Code Total private Mining Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p 35.0 34.9 34.8 34.9 34.8 43.0 43.5 44.4 43.6 44.0 July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p Metal mining Iron ores Copper ores 10 101 102 43.9 43.0 49.1 43.3 42.5 46.9 42.9 43.0 44.9 42.9 41.9 47.2 Coal mining Bituminous coal and lignite mining 12 122 41.6 41.4 44.0 44.0 44.1 44.1 42.1 42.2 Oil and gas extraction Crude petroleum and natural gas Oil and gas field services 13 131 138 41.9 43.0 41.2 41.9 41.6 42.2 44.0 44.9 43.5 43.6 42.4 44.2 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 14 142 47.2 48.6 47.5 48.9 46.7 47.8 46.2 47.2 38.9 38.9 39.1 38.3 15 152 153 154 38.0 37.1 38.5 38.9 38.2 37.3 39.7 39.0 38.3 37.6 37.1 39.0 37.8 37.2 36.3 38.5 16 161 162 43.4 45.1 42.6 43.2 45.5 42.1 43.2 44.9 42.4 42.0 43.8 41.1 17 171 38.1 39.2 36.2 39.2 35.2 35.2 36.2 38.0 39.0 36.7 39.2 35.2 35.6 35.8 38.2 39.2 36.3 39.4 35.8 35.9 36.2 37.5 39.1 35.6 39.1 34.9 35.3 34.4 40.6 40.9 41.1 40.5 40.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 41.0 41.3 41.7 41.0 41.3 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.0 39.6 40.6 39.7 40.1 38.4 39.4 38.9 39.5 38.9 40.7 38.8 38.5 38.0 40.1 40.4 41.9 41.2 41.5 40.0 39.9 39.3 39.1 40.4 42.5 38.6 39.2 39.1 40.5 40.8 42.4 41.5 41.9 40.5 40.4 40.0 39.6 41.2 42.1 39.7 39.2 39.2 40.6 40.0 41.3 40.4 40.8 39.2 39.3 39.1 38.9 39.0 40.4 39.4 39.5 39.4 40.1 40.6 3.6 5.2 4.1 4.4 2.8 3.1 2.0 2.9 2.9 5.5 3.2 2.2 1.8 3.2 3.7 5.5 4.4 4.7 3.3 3.2 2.3 3.0 3.6 5.1 3.2 2.2 1.9 3.2 3.7 5.8 4.3 4.6 3.3 3.1 2.6 2.8 3.6 4.5 3.5 2.1 1.9 3.1 3.6 5.0 4.2 4.5 2.9 3.1 2.4 2.9 3.3 4.9 3.4 2.3 2.2 3.3 38.7 38.0 38.8 36.4 38.8 39.6 38.7 39.5 40.9 39.6 39.7 39.2 39.8 37.9 39.7 40.8 39.6 41.1 41.3 39.8 39.2 38.4 38.8 37.0 39.5 40.1 40.6 40.7 40.6 40.0 38.8 37.9 38.4 36.4 41.1 38.2 40.1 40.4 40.6 39.9 39.4 2.4 1.8 2.2 1.1 2.0 3.0 2.3 3.5 4.3 2.6 2.9 2.5 2.7 1.8 2.7 3.9 2.3 4.0 4.3 3.0 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.6 2.7 3.6 2.9 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.0 2.1 1.4 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.1 Crushed and broken stone Construction General building contractors Residential building construction Operative builders Nonresidential building construction Heavy construction, except building Highway and street construction Heavy construction, except highway Special trade contractors Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning Painting and paper hanging Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering Carpentry and floor work Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work 172 173 174 175 176 Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Logging Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ... Millwork, plywood, and structural members Millwork Wood kitchen cabinets Hardwood veneer and plywood Softwood veneer and plywood Wood containers Wood buildings and mobile homes Mobile homes Miscellaneous wood products 24 241 242 Furniture and fixtures Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Public building and related furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures 25 251 See footnotes at end of table. 112 2421 2426 243 2431 2434 2435 2436 244 245 2451 249 2511 2512 2514 2515 252 253 254 259 39.0 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry 1987 SIC Code Total private Mining Average hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p Aug. 1990p $9.64 $9.61 $9.98 $10.00 $9.99 $337.40 $335.39 $347.30 $349.00 $347.65 13.06 13.22 13.66 13.65 13.59 561.58 575.07 606.50 595.14 597.96 Metal mining Iron ores Copper ores 10 101 102 13.61 14.35 11.72 13.56 14.42 11.77 14.00 14.69 11.83 14.18 14.84 12.28 597.48 617.05 575.45 587.15 612.85 552.01 600.60 631.67 531.17 608.32 621.80 579.62 Coal mining Bituminous coal and lignite mining 12 122 15.80 15.90 16.20 16.33 16.62 16.77 16.82 16.97 657.28 658.26 712.80 718.52 732.94 739.56 708.12 716.13 Oil and gas extraction Crude petroleum and natural gas Oil and gas field services 13 131 138 12.62 15.44 10.75 12.44 15.38 10.65 12.94 16.34 11.01 12.83 16.20 11.06 528.78 663.92 442.90 521.24 639.81 449.43 569.36 733.67 478.94 559.39 686.88 488.85 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 14 142 11.31 10.86 11.32 10.84 11.56 11.20 11.64 11.21 533.83 527.80 537.70 530.08 539.85 535.36 537.77 529.11 13.49 13.51 13.63 13.70 13.74 524.76 525.54 532.93 524.71 15 152 153 154 12.59 12.01 12.10 13.20 12.64 12.03 11.81 13.28 12.80 12.02 12.69 13.58 12.82 12.03 12.82 13.60 478.42 445.57 465.85 513.48 482.85 448.72 468.86 517.92 490.24 451.95 470.80 529.62 484.60 447.52 465.37 523.60 16 161 162 13.35 13.06 13.50 13.37 13.12 13.51 13.36 13.22 13.44 13.44 13.29 13.52 579.39 589.01 575.10 577.58 596.96 568.77 577.15 593.58 569.86 564.48 582.10 555.67 17 13.89 14.16 12.98 14.91 13.97 13.86 12.17 13.90 14.13 12.90 14.78 14.04 13.91 12.24 14.04 14.33 12.86 14.97 14.26 13.93 12.05 14.14 14.39 12.94 15.03 14.20 14.09 12.33 529.21 555.07 469.88 584.47 491.74 487.87 440.55 528.20 551.07 473.43 579.38 494.21 495.20 438.19 536.33 561.74 466.82 589.82 510.51 500.09 436.21 530.25 562.65 460.66 587.67 495.58 497.38 424.15 10.49 10.46 10.85 10.88 10.84 425.89 427.81 445.94 440.64 443.36 11.00 10.99 11.37 11.38 11.38 451.00 453.89 474.13 466.58 469.99 8.90 11.36 9.12 9.47 7.35 8.71 8.86 8.02 7.29 10.42 6.43 8.26 8.30 7.97 8.90 11.40 9.03 9.38 7.35 8.75 8.91 8.22 7.42 10.18 6.43 8.30 8.36 7.93 9.09 11.41 9.16 9.51 7.51 9.01 9.28 8.48 7.67 10.20 6.62 8.62 8.70 8.20 9.17 11.62 9.20 9.54 7.61 9.09 9.35 8.54 7.73 10.44 6.61 8.60 8.67 8.29 9.16 352.44 461.22 362.06 379.75 282.24 343.17 344.65 316.79 283.58 424.09 249.48 318.01 315.40 319.60 359.56 477.66 372.04 389.27 294.00 349.13 350.16 321.40 299.77 432.65 248.20 325.36 326.88 321.17 370.87 483.78 380.14 398.47 304.16 364.00 371.20 335.81 316.00 429.42 262.81 337.90 341.04 332.92 366.80 479.91 371.68 389.23 298.31 357.24 365.59 332.21 301.47 421.78 260.43 339.70 341.60 332.43 371.90 8.26 7.57 7.16 8.15 7.97 7.91 9.42 8.64 9.66 8.58 8.30 7.67 7.20 8.33 8.04 8.07 9.34 8.74 9.60 8.57 8.52 7.87 7.38 8.51 7.95 8.29 9.63 9.08 9.72 8.83 8.52 7.85 7.39 8.47 8.14 8.13 9.58 9.05 9.73 8.80 8.58 319.66 329.51 300.66 286.56 315.71 319.19 329.26 369.86 359.21 396.48 341.09 333.98 302.21 286.34 314.87 314.03 332.43 390.98 369.56 394.63 353.20 330.58 297.52 283.78 308.31 334.55 310.57 384.16 365.62 395.04 351.12 338.05 Crushed and broken stone Construction General building contractors Residential building construction Operative builders Nonresidential building construction Heavy construction, except building Highway and street construction Heavy construction, except highway Special trade contractors Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning Painting and paper hanging Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering Carpentry and floor work Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work 171 172 173 174 175 176 Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Logging Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ... Millwork, plywood, and structural members Millwork Wood kitchen cabinets Hardwood veneer and plywood Softwood veneer and plywood Wood containers Wood buildings and mobile homes Mobile homes Miscellaneous wood products 24 241 242 2421 2426 243 Furniture and fixtures Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Public building and related furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures 25 251 2511 2512 2514 2431 2434 2435 2436 244 245 2451 249 2515 252 253 254 259 287.66 277.81 296.66 309.24 313.24 364.55 341.28 395.09 339.77 535.86 See footnotes at end of table. 113 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Stone, clay, and glass products Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Products of purchased glass Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Concrete block and brick Concrete products, nee Ready-mixed concrete Misc. nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products Asbestos products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Blast furnaces and steel mills Steel pipe and tubes Iron and steel foundries Gray and ductile iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries, nee Primary nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries (castings) Aluminum founderies 1987 SIC Code 32 321 322 3221 3229 323 324 325 326 327 3271 3272 3273 329 3291 3292 33 331 3312 3317 332 3321 3322 3325 333 3334 335 3351 3353 3357 336 3365 34 Fabricated metal products 341 Metal cans and shipping containers 3411 Metal cans 342 Cutlery, handtools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ... 3423,5 3429 Hardware, nee 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 3432 Plumbing fixture fittings and trim 3433 Heating equipment, except electric 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3441 Fabricated structural metal 3442 Metal doors, sash, and trim 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 3444 Sheet metal work 3446 Architectural metal work 345 Screw machine products, bolts, etc 3451 Screw machine products 3452 Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers 346 Metal forgings and stampings 3462 Iron and steel forgings 3465 Automotive stampings 3469 Metal stampings, nee 347 Metal services, nee 3471 Plating and polishing 3479 Metal coating and allied services 348 Ordnance and accessories, nee 3483 Ammunition, except for small arms, nee 349 Misc. fabricated metal products 3494 Valves and pipe fittings, nee 3496 Misc. fabricated wire products See footnotes at end of table. 114 Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 42.7 44.7 41.4 41.7 41.0 41.5 41.0 41.2 39.7 44.6 44.2 44.1 44.6 42.4 42.7 40.7 42.9 43.7 41.8 42.0 41.6 41.3 41.7 41.6 40.6 44.8 44.9 44.5 44.7 42.7 42.9 41.7 42.7 46.0 41.5 41.8 41.2 40.9 41.5 41.1 39.3 44.7 46.0 43.5 44.8 42.8 42.5 41.2 42.1 44.3 41.6 42.1 41.0 39.8 41.6 41.2 38.6 43.7 44.9 43.3 43.4 42.1 41.8 39.8 42.7 5.4 4.4 4.7 5.8 3.4 3.6 2.9 3.8 2.8 7.6 7.3 6.7 8.2 5.2 3.5 3.5 5.6 4.8 4.9 6.0 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.3 7.9 7.6 6.8 8.4 5.3 3.3 4.8 5.4 7.0 4.4 5.3 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.9 2.5 7.3 7.7 6.0 7.8 5.2 3.4 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.6 5.6 3.4 2.7 4.0 4.1 2.4 6.7 7.2 6.0 6.9 4.7 2.9 4.2 42.6 43.2 43.5 40.7 42.0 42.3 41.0 41.2 43.0 42.5 43.4 43.3 45.6 41.9 40.0 40.2 42.4 43.0 43.3 41.3 41.5 41.6 40.2 41.1 43.1 42.7 43.3 44.4 42.7 42.5 40.3 40.8 43.2 43.8 44.0 44.0 43.1 43.8 43.7 42.1 43.2 42.9 43.6 43.1 44.3 42.8 40.9 41.7 42.8 44.1 44.7 42.7 41.7 41.6 45.3 41.4 43.5 43.0 43.1 43.6 44.0 41.9 39.8 41.1 42.5 43.3 5.0 5.3 5.6 3.5 4.5 4.7 3.1 4.3 4.9 5.0 5.9 5.7 8.1 5.1 2.9 3.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 5.4 4.4 4.5 3.0 4.4 4.9 4.9 6.2 6.3 7.4 5.6 3.0 3.4 5.5 5.9 6.1 6.1 5.5 6.1 6.3 4.6 4.8 5.2 6.2 5.9 8.1 5.5 3.4 3.7 5.3 6.2 6.6 5.4 4.7 4.5 7.2 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.9 5.9 7.8 5.3 2.8 2.8 40.7 44.6 44.8 39.7 39.8 39.2 39.9 39.9 39.9 41.0 42.0 39.5 41.3 40.5 41.0 41.3 40.7 41.8 40.4 41.4 40.1 39.9 39.9 39.4 40.9 40.9 40.4 40.5 40.8 39.0 41.2 44.1 44.1 40.9 40.6 40.6 40.6 40.0 41.1 41.2 42.4 39.6 42.0 40.3 41.3 41.6 40.5 42.8 41.2 42.0 41.5 40.3 40.5 39.9 41.6 40.7 39.6 40.9 40.9 40.1 41.8 44.5 44.6 41.3 41.0 41.1 40.7 40.2 39.8 41.2 42.3 39.8 42.2 40.8 39.1 42.5 41.0 44.0 42.8 43.1 44.1 40.9 41.3 40.7 42.4 41.2 40.1 41.6 43.2 40.7 41.0 44.5 45.1 40.1 39.7 40.0 39.6 38.8 39.3 41.2 42.7 40.2 41.8 40.9 38.1 41.7 40.8 42.7 40.7 42.2 40.4 40.5 40.9 40.3 41.9 39.9 38.7 40.6 42.9 40.0 41.3 3.5 6.3 6.3 2.7 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.7 4.5 2.5 4.1 3.2 4.6 4.3 3.5 5.2 3.3 4.1 3.2 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.7 2.9 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.7 3.7 6.0 5.9 3.1 2.7 3.0 3.1 2.5 3.5 3.8 4.7 2.6 4.1 3.3 4.8 4.4 3.6 5.3 3.7 4.4 3.8 3.3 3.4 2.9 4.3 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.9 5.8 5.8 3.2 2.8 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.3 3.7 4.4 2.5 4.5 3.4 3.3 4.7 3.5 6.0 4.7 4.8 5.4 3.6 3.9 3.3 5.0 3.3 2.8 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.7 5.8 6.0 2.9 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.1 2.8 4.0 5.0 2.9 4.4 3.7 3.1 4.6 3.4 5.8 3.5 4.5 3.4 3.0 3.6 3.0 4.7 2.9 2.5 3.3 3.4 3.2 Aug. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industr' Durable goods—Continued Stone, clay, and glass products Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Products of purchased glass Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Concrete block and brick Concrete products, nee Ready-mixed concrete Misc. nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products Asbestos products 1987 SIC Code 32 321 322 3221 3229 323 324 325 326 327 3271 3272 3273 329 3291 3292 Average hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990p July 1989 $10.84 $10.85 $11.17 $11.20 $11.19 $462.87 664.69 14.87 14.65 15.37 14.97 502.18 12.13 12.12 12.42 12.59 531.68 12.75 12.77 13.14 13.37 11.70 11.61 11.40 468.63 11.43 9.89 9.37 391.35 9.78 9.43 556.37 13.57 13.65 13.59 13.76 9.55 9.11 9.17 377.80 9.58 9.64 9.45 9.68 9.41 373.58 471.87 10.58 10.63 10.87 10.86 9.74 9.76 9.63 9.65 426.53 9.77 9.54 9.82 9.60 423.36 11.34 11.47 11.70 11.68 505.76 11.34 11.60 11.65 480.82 11.34 432.12 10.12 10.09 10.24 10.22 448.51 11.02 11.23 11.21 11.15 Aug. 1989 June 1990 $465.47 640.21 506.62 536.34 474.24 386.98 569.21 378.98 383.67 476.22 $476.96 707.02 515.43 549.25 478.33 404.50 563.99 392.51 432.39 424.53 468.29 448.96 425.00 524.16 496.48 435.20 461.85 425.21 506.91 490.47 427.20 443.77 512.71 484.22 432.86 378.85 485.89 July 1990p Aug. 1990p $471.52 $477.81 663.17 523.74 562.88 479.70 389.24 572.42 394.70 373.65 474.58 437.33 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Blast furnaces and steel mills Steel pipe and tubes Iron and steel foundries Gray and ductile iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries, nee Primary nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries (castings) Aluminum founderies 33 331 3312 3317 332 3321 3322 3325 333 3334 335 3351 3353 3357 336 3365 12.46 14.35 15.12 11.09 11.07 11.60 12.01 10.34 13.68 14.00 11.83 11.26 14.22 11.98 9.87 9.49 12.42 14.29 15.01 11.31 11.04 11.51 11.96 10.43 13.67 13.88 11.89 11.12 14.33 12.09 9.80 9.31 12.90 14.74 15.52 11.85 11.69 12.19 12.59 11.00 14.31 14.73 12.33 11.76 15.14 12.24 10.27 9.87 13.03 14.92 15.69 11.89 11.58 11.96 12.97 11.09 14.49 14.79 12.38 11.71 15.10 12.39 10.39 9.95 12.91 530.80 14.76 619.92 657.72 451.36 464.94 490.68 492.41 426.01 588.24 595.00 513.42 487.56 648.43 501.96 394.80 381.50 526.61 614.47 649.93 467.10 458.16 478.82 480.79 428.67 589.18 592.68 514.84 493.73 611.89 513.83 394.94 379.85 557.28 645.61 682.88 521.40 503.84 533.92 550.18 463.10 618.19 631.92 537.59 506.86 670.70 523.87 420.04 411.58 557.68 657.97 701.34 507.70 482.89 497.54 587.54 459.13 630.32 635.97 533.58 510.56 664.40 519.14 413.52 408.95 548.68 639.11 Fabricated metal products Metal cans and shipping containers Metal cans Cutlery, handtools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws Hardware, nee Plumbing and heating, except electric Plumbing fixture fittings and trim Heating equipment, except electric Fabricated structural metal products Fabricated structural metal Metal doors, sash, and trim Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) Sheet metal work Architectural metal work Screw machine products, bolts, etc Screw machine products Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal forgings and stampings Iron and steel forgings Automotive stampings Metal stampings, nee Metal services, nee Plating and polishing Metal coating and allied services Ordnance and accessories, nee Ammunition, except for small arms, nee Misc. fabricated metal products Valves and pipe fittings, nee Misc. fabricated wire products 34 341 3411 342 3423,5 3429 343 3432 3433 344 3441 3442 3443 3444 3446 345 3451 3452 346 3462 3465 3469 347 3471 3479 10.57 10.54 13.91 14.78 10.42 9.64 10.78 10.85 14.30 15.17 10.88 10.05 11.27 9.72 9.19 9.65 10.86 10.87 430.20 626.63 668.86 414.47 383.27 423.75 378.25 360.30 371.07 407.95 438.48 325.09 437.78 420.80 382.53 425.39 394.79 456.04 504.60 551.86 568.22 386.23 340.75 335.29 350.92 474.44 460.96 404.19 428.81 335.01 434.25 613.43 651.80 426.18 391.38 437.67 380.42 359.60 385.52 409.94 443.50 325.91 449.40 415.49 383.68 428.90 394.47 465.24 510.88 554.40 577.27 397.36 345.87 338.35 360.26 479.04 459.36 407.77 430.27 338.44 453.53 636.35 676.58 449.34 412.05 463.20 395.60 369.44 384.07 417.36 438.23 337.90 464.62 426.36 380.44 454.75 412.46 498.08 550.84 563.75 643.86 411.86 370.46 362.23 385.42 489.46 460.35 419.74 444.53 354.50 445.26 640.36 686.87 434.28 397.00 447.20 383.33 355.02 375.32 419.83 442.37 344.51 459.38 433.95 375.29 449.53 414.12 488.06 516.89 553.66 580.55 409.86 369.74 361.49 384.22 474.01 451.63 414.53 446.59 350.40 448.93 348 3483 349 3494 3496 14.05 14.93 10.44 9.63 10.81 9.48 9.03 9.30 9.95 10.44 8.23 10.60 10.39 9.33 10.30 9.70 10.91 12.49 13.33 14.17 9.68 8.54 8.51 8.58 11.60 11.41 9.98 10.51 8.59 9.37 8.99 9.38 9.95 10.46 8.23 10.70 10.31 9.29 10.31 9.74 10.87 12.40 13.20 13.91 9.86 8.54 8.48 8.66 11.77 11.60 9.97 10.52 8.44 10.13 10.36 8.49 11.01 10.45 9.73 10.70 10.06 11.32 12.87 13.08 14.60 10.07 8.97 8.90 9.09 11.88 11.48 10.09 10.29 8.71 14.39 15.23 10.83 10.00 11.18 9.68 9.15 9.55 10.19 10.36 8.57 10.99 10.61 9.85 10.78 10.15 11.43 12.70 13.12 14.37 10.12 9.04 8.97 9.17 11.88 11.67 10.21 10.41 8.76 See footnotes at end of table. 115 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued industry Durable goods—Continued Industrial machinery and equipment Engines and turbines Turbines and turbine generator sets Internal combustion engines, nee Farm and garden machinery Farm machinery and equipment Construction and related machinery Construction machinery Mining machinery Oil and gas field machinery Conveyors and conveying equipment Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tools, metal forming types Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures Machine tool accessories Power driven handtools Special industry machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery Food products machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and pumping equipment Ball and roller bearings Air and gas compressors Blowers and fans Speed changers, drives, and gears Power transmission equipment, nee Computer and office equipment Electronic computers Computer terminals, calculators, and office machines, nee Refrigeration and service machinery Refrigeration and heating equipment Misc. industrial and commercial machinery Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee Electronic and other electrical equipment Electric distribution equipment Transformers, except electronic Switchgear and switchboard apparatus Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Relays and industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Current-carrying wiring devices Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices Residential lighting fixtures Household audio and video equipment Household audio and video equipment Communications equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus See footnotes at end of table. 116 1987 SIC Code Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 35 351 3511 3519 352 3523 353 3531 3532 3533 3535 3537 354 3541 3542 3544 3545 3546 355 3552 3555 3556 356 3561 3562 3563 3564 3566 3568 357 3571 42.0 43.2 41.1 43.9 40.6 41.5 42.1 42.4 41.0 41.5 43.9 40.1 42.9 42.9 43.8 43.6 41.6 42.5 41.4 42.2 37.1 41.8 41.5 39.1 42.8 42.0 40.7 41.1 41.7 41.8 41.4 41.8 41.7 43.0 41.3 40.3 41.0 42.0 42.0 41.1 41.9 43.2 41.1 42.7 43.0 43.3 43.5 40.5 42.4 41.6 42.2 37.4 42.4 41.4 39.7 42.6 42.3 40.6 41.1 41.1 42.0 42.1 42.1 42.0 43.6 41.4 41.4 41.6 42.9 42.3 42.2 46.2 42.5 40.0 42.6 41.7 43.0 43.2 41.5 41.7 42.3 42.8 39.3 41.7 42.2 41.4 43.4 43.6 40.2 42.0 41.8 42.2 42.0 41.7 43.0 42.8 43.1 40.2 41.0 42.4 41.5 41.2 46.4 42.5 38.9 42.4 40.8 42.8 43.5 40.7 41.5 41.0 42.0 38.1 40.3 41.5 40.2 42.8 43.2 39.4 41.7 40.8 42.1 41.2 3575,8,9 358 359 3592 3596,9 40.9 41.6 42.4 42.3 40.5 42.1 41.5 40.9 41.2 42.2 42.3 42.0 40.3 40.7 40.9 42.2 42.1 42.0 40.5 39.8 40.5 41.8 40.8 41.6 36 361 3612 3613 362 3621 3625 363 3632 3633 3634 364 3641 3643 3644 3645 365 3651 366 3661 40.2 40.9 40.8 41.0 41.5 41.6 41.1 39.6 38.1 41.0 39.8 39.0 38.9 39.5 38.9 36.3 39.1 38.6 41.8 42.4 40.8 41.3 41.6 41.0 41.1 41.1 40.8 39.8 38.5 40.6 41.1 40.0 39.9 39.3 41.7 38.3 39.6 38.9 42.6 43.9 41.0 41.3 41.7 40.9 42.3 42.2 42.2 40.2 38.8 41.0 41.4 40.5 40.8 40.0 40.1 38.3 40.9 42.1 42.2 43.6 40.2 40.9 41.5 40.3 41.6 40.9 42.3 39.7 39.5 39.8 39.9 39.3 39.6 39.5 39.3 37.0 41.4 42.5 41.4 42.8 3585 Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p 41.5 40.6 July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 4.1 3.6 5.2 3.1 3.7 4.4 3.8 3.7 4.0 3.5 5.4 2.4 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.8 4.3 3.5 4.3 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.3 2.4 5.7 4.3 3.4 4.4 4.9 2.6 2.8 4.0 3.7 5.8 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.4 3.8 4.0 5.1 3.1 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.6 3.9 3.6 4.5 3.7 4.7 4.7 4.0 2.7 5.4 4.4 3.4 4.4 4.2 3.1 3.3 4.0 3.5 5.6 2.7 3.5 3.8 4.1 3.4 4.3 6.3 4.7 2.2 4.6 3.8 4.4 5.4 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.7 4.2 3.8 5.7 4.1 3.4 5.1 4.4 3.1 3.0 3.8 3.2 5.6 2.3 3.2 4.0 3.8 2.5 4.0 6.6 4.6 1.9 4.7 3.4 4.6 5.7 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.4 4.0 3.3 5.5 4.2 3.3 4.6 3.7 2.6 2.7 1.9 4.0 4.6 4.5 4.0 4.5 2.3 3.1 3.4 4.4 3.5 4.4 2.8 2.9 3.1 4.5 4.6 4.4 1.9 2.9 3.3 4.4 4.0 4.5 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.7 4.3 2.8 2.9 3.8 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.1 3.2 2.5 1.3 2.8 2.2 2.6 2.5 3.2 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.2 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.5 3.6 2.8 2.3 2.8 3.3 2.4 3.4 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.2 2.9 3.4 2.3 3.7 3.9 3.1 2.6 2.8 3.4 2.2 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.1 2.3 3.4 3.6 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.7 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.8 3.4 1.9 2.5 2.3 2.9 1.8 2.0 3.8 3.8 2.8 3.2 July 1990p Aug. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Industrial machinery and equipment Engines and turbines Turbines and turbine generator sets Internal combustion engines, nee Farm and garden machinery Farm machinery and equipment Construction and related machinery Construction machinery Mining machinery Oil and gas field machinery Conveyors and conveying equipment Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tools, metal forming types Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures Machine tool accessories Power driven handtools Special industry machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery Food products machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and pumping equipment Ball and roller bearings Air and gas compressors Blowers and fans Speed changers, drives, and gears Power transmission equipment, nee Computer and office equipment Electronic computers Computer terminals, calculators, and office machines, nee Refrigeration and service machinery Refrigeration and heating equipment Misc. industrial and commercial machinery Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee Electronic and other electrical equipment Electric distribution equipment Transformers, except electronic Switchgear and switchboard apparatus Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Relays and industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Current-carrying wiring devices Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices Residential lighting fixtures Household audio and video equipment Household audio and video equipment Communications equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus 1987 SIC Code 35 351 3511 3519 352 3523 353 3531 3532 3533 3535 3537 354 3541 3542 3544 3545 3546 355 3552 3555 3556 356 3561 3562 3563 3564 3566 3568 357 3571 3575,8,9 358 3585 359 3592 3596,9 36 361 3612 3613 362 3621 3625 363 3632 3633 3634 364 3641 3643 3644 3645 365 3651 366 3661 Average hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990 p July 1989 $11.39 $11.37 $11.75 $11.78 $11.82 $478.38 611.71 14.16 14.03 14.41 14.49 14.27 14.43 14.65 14.96 586.50 14.13 13.88 14.32 14.31 620.31 10.88 10.93 10.96 11.04 441.73 11.62 11.61 12.08 12.03 482.23 11.48 11.42 11.85 11.88 483.31 12.75 12.63 13.40 13.45 540.60 11.22 11.38 11.73 11.80 460.02 11.19 11.11 11.17 11.09 464.39 10.38 10.35 10.73 10.86 455.68 10.11 10.14 10.38 10.48 405.41 11.86 11.85 12.24 12.31 508.79 11.70 11.68 12.23 12.12 501.93 12.03 11.99 12.39 12.39 526.91 12.64 12.58 12.87 12.97 551.10 10.57 10.52 10.83 10.90 439.71 10.06 10.09 9.41 397.38 9.35 11.56 11.52 11.85 11.86 478.58 10.19 10.18 9.72 410.61 9.73 13.29 13.37 13.83 13.73 493.06 11.57 11.68 11.43 11.52 477.77 11.32 11.32 10.84 10.82 449.86 11.73 11.69 11.06 11.17 432.45 12.20 12.05 11.56 11.43 494.77 11.56 11.65 10.86 10.69 448.98 9.70 10.02 10.02 392.76 9.65 11.69 11.77 11.59 11.33 476.35 10.81 10.81 10.57 10.41 440.77 11.53 11.60 11.01 11.01 460.22 12.13 12.17 11.32 11.35 468.65 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p $475.27 $494.68 $491.23 $490.53 585.05 605.22 623.07 620.49 638.74 640.29 573.24 592.85 616.76 440.48 453.74 443.81 476.01 502.53 493.23 479.64 508.37 503.71 530.46 566.82 558.18 467.72 495.01 486.16 465.51 516.05 514.58 447.12 456.03 461.55 416.75 415.20 407.67 506.00 521.42 521.94 502.24 509.99 494.50 519.17 532.77 530.29 547.23 555.98 564.20 426.06 449.45 443.63 398.98 419.50 418.74 479.23 501.26 486.26 410.18 436.13 427.56 500.04 543.52 523.11 488.45 482.47 470.70 447.95 477.70 469.78 443.45 485.62 469.94 486.92 529.48 515.74 459.38 504.02 503.28 393.82 402.80 394.79 465.66 490.98 490.81 427.85 451.86 441.05 462.42 477.84 486.57 488.36 509.46 501.40 10.49 10.61 10.70 11.29 13.05 10.93 10.31 10.57 10.62 11.31 12.99 10.91 10.97 11.00 11.19 11.56 12.63 11.20 10.80 10.92 11.07 11.58 12.58 11.26 429.04 441.38 453.68 477.57 528.53 460.15 427.87 432.31 437.54 477.28 549.48 458.22 442.09 447.70 457.67 487.83 531.72 470.40 437.40 434.62 448.34 484.04 513.26 468.42 10.08 9.54 9.20 9.89 9.88 10.06 9.58 9.28 9.90 10.27 10.05 10.02 9.49 10.19 11.85 11.99 7.47 9.80 11.24 9.77 9.41 7.27 9.67 10.10 11.05 10.34 10.25 9.89 10.63 10.07 9.98 10.25 10.25 11.30 12.68 7.49 10.18 11.58 9.91 9.53 7.61 9.89 10.32 11.03 11.60 10.34 405.22 390.19 375.36 405.49 410.02 418.08 394.15 408.67 450.34 499.38 296.11 386.49 436.46 390.26 368.38 266.44 375.36 385.61 466.49 492.69 410.45 395.65 386.05 405.90 403.60 411.82 387.19 405.56 456.23 486.79 307.02 392.00 448.48 383.96 392.40 278.44 382.93 392.89 470.73 507.05 421.07 418.78 411.58 426.18 423.00 418.62 426.64 408.43 438.44 513.73 309.26 412.70 463.49 397.60 383.76 293.38 399.18 424.79 463.36 503.58 415.67 419.23 410.44 428.39 418.91 408.18 433.58 406.93 446.35 504.66 298.85 400.07 458.57 391.45 374.53 281.57 409.45 438.60 456.64 496.48 9.59 10.32 11.82 12.18 7.44 9.91 11.22 9.88 9.47 7.34 9.60 9.99 11.16 11.62 9.82 11.55 10.14 9.87 10.42 10.00 9.92 10.11 10.16 11.30 12.53 7.47 10.19 11.36 9.94 9.57 7.66 9.76 10.09 10.98 11.55 Aug. 1990 p 419.80 See footnotes at end of table. 117 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued Electric components and accessories Electron tubes Semiconductors and related devices Electronic components, nee Misc. electrical equipment and supplies Storage batteries Engine electrical equipment 1987 SIC Code Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p Average overtime hours Aug. 1990 p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p 3.1 2.9 3.6 2.5 2.9 3.6 2.7 3.5 3.9 3.9 2.8 3.8 4.4 4.2 3.5 4.0 4.2 2.6 3.3 2.2 4.3 3.3 3.8 4.1 2.1 2.8 3.4 2.6 367 3671 3674 3679 369 3691 3694 39.5 40.1 39.1 39.2 40.7 40.9 40.1 40.3 41.5 39.7 40.0 42.5 42.9 42.9 40.5 41.4 40.5 39.9 41.4 40.0 42.1 39.5 40.8 39.3 38.9 39.7 39.2 39.4 Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles and car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Aircraft parts and equipment, nee Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts . Guided missiles and space vehicles Misc. transportation equipment Travel trailers and campers 37 371 3711 3713 3714 3715 372 3721 3724 41.6 41.4 41.0 43.0 41.8 37.9 42.5 42.9 42.0 42.3 39.9 41.1 38.0 44.3 42.3 42.4 39.3 39.2 41.8 41.6 40.8 43.0 42.4 39.4 42.7 42.9 42.2 42.6 40.5 41.3 39.0 43.1 43.0 42.8 38.9 37.8 42.8 44.0 43.9 42.5 44.7 41.2 42.2 41.7 42.8 42.6 40.5 40.9 39.8 41.4 42.2 42.6 39.6 38.1 41.9 42.3 42.4 41.8 42.5 42.3 41.8 41.0 43.2 42.0 40.4 42.0 37.3 42.7 42.5 42.8 40.5 39.7 42.3 42.8 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.8 2.1 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.1 2.9 3.1 2.6 4.8 4.0 4.3 2.4 1.7 4.3 4.1 3.9 4.6 4.5 2.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.0 3.0 3.3 2.5 4.5 4.4 4.5 2.3 1.7 4.7 5.4 5.4 4.0 5.9 3.2 4.5 4.1* 5.3 4.4 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.8 4.3 2.5 2.0 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.8 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.7 5.5 4.4 3.1 3.5 2.3 3.7 3.8 4.2 3.2 3.2 Instruments and related products Search and navigation equipment Measuring and controlling devices Environmental controls Process control instruments Instruments to measure electricity Medical instruments and supplies Surgical and medical instruments Surgical appliances and supplies Ophthalmic goods Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts . 38 381 382 3822 40.7 40.9 40.8 39.4 41.7 40.4 40.3 40.6 39.9 39.4 42.4 39.0 41.2 40.5 41.5 40.4 43.5 40.9 41.4 41.6 40.9 40.6 41.9 40.1 40.7 40.3 41.3 39.7 42.2 41.4 40.0 39.3 40.0 39.7 42.0 38.8 40.8 386 387 40.5 40.0 40.9 38.9 41.7 41.4 39.7 39.8 39.4 39.6 43.2 40.2 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.2 1.9 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.5 3.6 1.3 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.1 3.2 2.2 2.9 3.4 2.4 3.1 2.9 1.3 2.8 2.1 2.8 2.4 4.3 2.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.5 3.4 2.8 2.6 2.1 2.5 2.7 3.7 1.5 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.4 3.5 2.0 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Jewelry, precious metal Musical instruments Toys and sporting goods Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles . Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Costume jewelry Miscellaneous manufactures Signs and advertising specialties 39 391 3911 393 394 3942,4 3949 395 396 3961 399 3993 38.6 36.5 35.9 37.8 38.5 37.6 39.2 39.7 37.6 37.6 39.4 39.5 39.2 37.7 37.2 39.0 39.2 38.5 39.8 40.2 38.8 38.3 39.6 39.8 39.5 37.9 37.3 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.6 40.4 41.0 42.0 39.4 39.6 38.7 37.1 36.3 38.7 39.0 38.8 39.2 41.0 38.5 39.0 38.6 39.3 39.2 2.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 2.0 1.2 2.6 2.3 2.9 3.2 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.7 1.7 3.4 2.2 3.4 3.8 2.8 3.0 2.4 1.3 1.1 2.4 2.4 1.7 2.9 2.4 3.0 3.6 2.6 3.0 2.1 .9 .8 1.3 2.1 1.7 2.4 3.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 3.2 20 201 2011 2013 2015 202 2022 2026 203 2032 2033 2037 40.0 41.0 41.3 41.1 41.6 41.4 41.3 39.7 42.0 40.5 40.9 42.1 37.7 40.3 41.2 41.2 41.6 41.6 40.8 40.6 38.8 41.4 41.7 44.2 42.8 39.3 40.3 40.9 40.3 41.3 41.7 39.1 41.3 39.6 41.9 40.0 44.0 38.9 38.1 39.8 40.7 40.0 41.2 41.8 38.5 41.6 39.7 42.1 39.9 41.8 39.2 39.6 40.3 41.6 3.6 4.9 4.8 5.4 4.9 4.5 4.6 3.6 5.0 5.7 4.6 7.1 4.4 3.8 5.0 4.8 5.5 5.2 4.1 4.3 3.4 4.7 6.2 7.3 6.9 5.9 3.6 4.5 4.4 5.0 5.2 3.7 4.9 3.8 5.0 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.6 4.8 4.0 4.8 5.1 3.2 5.0 3.5 5.2 5.2 2.8 6.2 5.7 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats Poultry slaughtering and processing .. Dairy products Cheese, natural and processed Fluid milk Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Canned fruits and vegetables Frozen fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end of table. 118 3728 373 3731 3732 374 376 3761 379 3792 3823 3825 384 3841 3842 385 Aug. 1990 p 3.9 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued Electric components and accessories Electron tubes Semiconductors and related devices Electronic components, nee Misc. electrical equipment and supplies Storage batteries Engine electrical equipment 1987 SIC Code July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p 367 3671 3674 3679 369 3691 3694 $9.62 11.26 11.84 9.04 10.92 11.86 11.68 $9.61 11.16 11.81 9.06 11.04 11.80 11.90 $9.95 $10.07 12.06 12.14 12.19 12.39 9.35 9.41 11.22 11.20 12.06 12.35 12.18 11.93 37 371 13.58 14.04 16.53 11.81 13.09 9.37 14.23 13.67 14.16 16.46 11.97 13.17 9.40 14.25 14.20 14.85 17.39 12.52 13.74 9.59 14.72 Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles and car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Aircraft parts and equipment, nee Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts Guided missiles and space vehicles Misc. transportation equipment Travel trailers and campers 3731 3732 374 376 3761 379 3792 Instruments and related products Search and navigation equipment Measuring and controlling devices Environmental controls Process control instruments Instruments to measure electricity Medical instruments and supplies Surgical and medical instruments Surgical appliances and supplies Ophthalmic goods Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts 38 381 382 3822 3823 3825 384 3841 3842 385 386 387 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Jewelry, precious metal Musical instruments Toys and sporting goods Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Costume jewelry Miscellaneous manufactures Signs and advertising specialties 39 391 3911 393 394 3942,4 3949 395 396 3961 399 3993 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats Poultry slaughtering and processing Dairy products Cheese, natural and processed Fluid milk Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Canned fruits and vegetables Frozen fruits and vegetables Average hourly earnings 3711 3713 3714 3715 372 3721 3724 3728 373 20 201 2011 2013 2015 202 2022 2026 203 2032 2033 2037 ft ft ft Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990 p July 1989 14.04 $14.15 564.93 14.56 14.68 581.26 677.73 17.15 507.83 12.47 547.16 13.54 355.12 9.63 604.78 14.70 ft 8.28 9.00 9.05 8.26 7.56 7.39 7.68 8.07 7.31 6.55 8.86 9.36 8.20 8.94 8.97 8.18 7.59 7.24 7.85 8.06 7.17 6.37 8.75 9.45 8.61 9.23 9.17 8.62 7.96 7.72 8.12 8.84 7.46 6.71 9.17 9.83 8.61 9.23 9.14 8.90 7.91 7.68 8.08 9.16 7.42 6.60 9.07 9.80 8.64 319.61 9.78 9.39 7.79 8.74 9.26 6.62 10.24 9.50 10.73 8.71 10.68 9.00 7.67 9.73 9.32 111 8.68 9.20 6.61 10.16 9.49 10.60 8.60 10.51 8.79 7.48 10.12 9.67 7.98 8.79 9.37 6.88 10.19 9.67 7.99 8.76 9.36 6.91 10.53 9.56 11.05 8.97 11.23 9.44 8.00 10.12 391.20 9.51 384.99 11.00 8.98 11.47 9.39 7.97 June 1990 $379.99 $387.28 $402.98 451.53 463.14 499.28 462.94 468.86 493.70 354.37 362.40 373.07 444.44 469.20 464.51 485.07 506.22 482.40 468.37 510.51 512.78 $613.20 $14.60 $14.58 $14.57 $14.69 542.71 12.83 12.85 13.32 13.37 429.32 10.76 10.71 10.85 10.99 482.93 11.75 11.68 11.81 11.82 9.02 9.01 343.90 9.17 9.05 561.72 12.68 12.77 13.30 13.42 578.66 13.68 13.79 14.29 14.45 (2) 0 ft 0 $414.22 $10.54 $10.70 $10.88 $10.75 346.14 8.83 9.33 9.55 9.33 10.86 10.90 11.27 11.36 $11.32 439.83 550.00 13.75 13.91 14.71 14.74 10.28 10.63 10-68 419.63 10.26 361.77 9.28 9.31 9.27 9.30 404.49 9.72 10.39 10.41 9.70 428.49 10.35 10.70 10.83 10.35 374.37 9.74 9.43 9.49 9.90 375.31 9.55 9.92 9.83 9.43 361.69 9.15 9.47 9.18 9.60 308.88 7.79 7.80 8.15 8.15 581.90 13.35 14.15 14.21 13.47 299.89 7.33 7.79 7.75 7.46 10.47 9.60 Aug. 1989 328.50 324.90 312.23 291.06 277.86 301.06 320.38 274.86 246.28 349.08 369.72 321.73 359.21 385.22 274.07 422.91 377.15 450.66 352.76 436.81 378.90 289.16 571.41 589.06 671.57 514.71 558.41 370.36 608.48 607.76 653.40 763.42 532.10 614.18 395.11 621.18 July 1990p Aug. 1990p $397.77 495.31 486.93 366.05 444.64 484.12 470.04 588i28 615.89 727.16 521.25 575.45 407.35 614.46 $598.55 628.30 $615.28 $623.60 $634.61 547.41 567.43 561.54 433.76 439.43 444.00 482.38 483.03 496.44 351.78 358.60 342.04 550.39 550.62 573.03 592.97 603.04 614.13 $416.23 $430.85 $435.38 352.67 363.86 370.40 443.63 568.92 419.42 365.63 405.32 418.14 382.45 387.73 365.09 306.93 566.04 285.87 464.32 595.76 441.15 376.12 451.97 437.63 403.24 408.93 387.32 330.89 592.89 310.78 462.35 $461.86 594.02 441.08 368.02 439.30 448.36 396.00 389.86 384.00 323.56 596.82 302.25 321.44 337.04 333.68 319.02 297.53 278.74 312.43 324.01 278.20 243.97 346.50 376.11 340.10 349.82 342.04 341.35 314.42 304.17 321.55 357.14 305.86 281.82 361.30 389.27 333.21 342.43 331.78 344.43 308.49 297.98 316.74 375.56 285.67 257.40 350.10 385.14 338.69 392.12 383.98 320.12 361.09 382.72 269.69 412.50 368.21 438.84 358.62 464.54 376.21 293.96 407.84 395.50 321.59 363.03 390.73 269.01 432.41 380.16 460.90 359.20 504.68 365.27 303.66 405.56 393.57 319.60 360.91 391.25 266.04 438.05 379.53 465.21 357.90 469.41 370.05 316.80 407.84 395.62 See footnotes at end of table. 119 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued 1987 SIC Code Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Food and kindred products—Continued Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds, nee Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products, except bread Sugar and confectionery products Raw cane sugar Cane sugar refining Beet sugar Candy and other confectionery products Fats and oils Beverages Malt beverages Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. food and kindred products Tobacco products Cigarettes Textile mill products Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics Broadwoven fabric mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Weft knit fabric mills Textile finishing, except wool Finishing plants, cotton Finishing plants, synthetics Carpets and rugs Yarn and thread mills Yarn spinning mills Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods Apparel and other textile products Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts Men's and boys' trousers and slacks Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and shirts Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments Girl's and children's outerwear Girl's and children's dresses and blouses Misc. apparel and accessories Misc. fabricated textile products Curtains and draperies House furnishings, nee Automotive and apparel trimmings See footnotes at end of table. 120 , Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 p 204 2041 2048 205 2051 44.1 45.9 43.1 39.7 39.1 44.2 47.4 42.3 39.8 39.0 45.5 49.0 42.1 39.6 39.5 45.3 48.7 42.2 39.2 39.1 5.5 6.5 5.4 4.2 4.5 5.8 8.1 5.1 4.3 4.4 6.4 7.2 5.2 3.9 4.5 6.4 7.1 5.3 4.3 4.6 2052,3 206 2061 2062 2063 2064 207 209 40.8 40.8 43.9 48.0 41.3 39.1 43.3 42.4 44.8 42.2 38.8 41.5 41.6 44.1 48.8 39.9 40.8 43.7 41.6 43.0 41.2 39.5 39.9 41.4 41.4 48.8 38.7 40.8 44.3 42.5 44.0 41.9 40.1 39.4 41.2 40.2 48.6 40.8 40.2 43.6 42.3 44.0 42.6 39.9 3.5 3.5 4.0 10.2 3.6 2.5 5.6 4.8 7.2 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.1 10.7 3.7 3.6 6.1 4.3 6.3 3.7 4.7 2.8 3.4 3.2 9.7 3.0 2.6 6.1 5.2 7.2 4.8 4.6 3.6 3.9 3.8 9.9 4.1 3.0 6.3 5.3 7.2 5.4 5.3 21 211 37.9 38.2 37.3 37.7 39.5 39.4 38.5 38.4 38.0 1.4 1.3 .9 .6 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 22 221 222 223 224 225 41.3 42.3 41.3 40.5 41.4 40.2 38.3 40.3 39.8 40.3 42.4 41.8 42.7 40.9 43.3 40.7 41.0 37.5 42.1 40.6 39.9 41.2 42.0 41.0 39.6 38.8 38.9 39.6 38.9 40.8 42.5 42.1 42.9 43.1 40.0 40.3 37.9 41.1 39.6 38.5 40.4 41.6 40.6 38.3 36.9 38.1 38.7 36.2 39.3 40.3 40.3 39.9 42.0 39.4 39.9 36.2 40.7 40.3 229 40.5 41.5 40.7 41.4 40.5 39.6 36.5 39.8 40.2 38.7 41.8 41.4 42.6 40.0 40.7 39.9 40.0 38.3 41.5 3.9 5.0 3.9 3.3 2.9 3.7 2.3 3.6 3.9 2.0 5.1 4.4 4.8 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8 2.4 3.7 4.2 5.0 4.2 2.9 3.7 3.8 2.4 3.9 4.1 2.4 5.1 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.4 2.3 4.1 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.7 3.1 3.3 2.6 2.7 3.6 1.9 4.1 5.4 4.9 5.9 4.6 3.7 3.9 2.5 3.9 3.5 3.9 3.7 4.0 2.5 3.1 2.3 2.7 3.5 1.8 3.3 4.1 3.6 4.1 4.0 3.4 3.7 1.7 3.4 23 231 232 2321 2325 2326 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 234 2341 2342 236 2361 238 239 2391 2392 2396 36.7 36.5 37.0 37.0 37.2 36.5 35.2 35.2 34.5 36.6 35.1 36.9 37.6 33.3 37.2 36.6 38.1 38.1 35.0 39.5 37.7 37.0 34.9 37.3 37.8 36.3 36.4 35.3 35.1 34.7 36.8 35.3 37.5 38.1 34.3 37.0 36.1 38.0 39.5 37.1 40.2 40.5 36.9 35.7 36.9 36.9 35.7 37.6 35.4 36.7 34.0 35.3 35.7 37.7 38.4 34.5 36.7 36.0 37.2 39.1 37.3 38.4 40.9 36.3 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.0 37.1 34.8 35.1 33.9 35.2 35.0 36.6 37.1 33.8 36.1 35.0 36.2 38.0 34.6 38.1 39.9 36.7 1.5 .9 1.5 1.2 1.7 1.2 1.3 .8 1.4 2.0 1.3 1.2 1.3 .5 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.1 2.7 1.9 1.9 1.1 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.1 1.6 2.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 .8 1.7 1.3 2.1 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.6 1.7 .8 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.8 1.3 2.9 2.0 2.2 4.1 1.4 .9 1.1 .8 1.2 .9 1.3 .7 1.2 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.4 .8 1.4 1.5 .9 2.2 1.7 2.1 2.1 208 2082 2086 2251 2252 2253 2254 2257 226 2261 2262 227 228 2281 2282 Aug. 1990 p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Food and kindred products—Continued Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds, nee Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products, except bread Sugar and confectionery products Raw cane sugar Cane sugar refining Beet sugar Candy and other confectionery products Fats and oils 3even Malt Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. food and kindred products 1987 SIC Code 204 2041 2048 205 2051 Average hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p $11.42 $11.41 $11.74 $11.69 10.71 10.82 10.96 11.23 9.07 9.02 8.70 8.75 10.97 10.83 10.50 10.50 11.04 10.87 10.54 10.53 Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p $503.62 503.06 374.97 416.85 412.11 $504.32 532.30 370.13 417.90 410.67 $534.17 524.79 379.74 428.87 429.37 $529.56 526.93 382.75 430.02 431.66 Aug. 1990p 2052,3 206 2061 2062 2063 2064 207 208 2082 2086 209 10.42 10.16 9.36 13.76 11.11 8.98 10.00 13.04 18.06 10.39 8.73 10.46 10.11 9.68 14.00 11.36 8.95 10.06 12.94 17.99 10.36 8.70 10.75 10.51 10.18 14.15 11.43 9.37 10.10 13.41 18.45 10.80 8.95 10.85 10.47 9.91 13.98 11.53 9.28 10.29 13.43 18.40 10.86 8.98 425.14 414.53 410.90 660.48 458.84 351.12 433.00 552.90 809.09 438.46 338.72 434.09 420.58 426.89 683.20 453.26 365.16 439.62 538.30 773.57 426.83 343.65 428.93 435.11 421.45 690.52 442.34 382.30 447.43 569.93 811.80 452.52 358.90 427.49 431.36 398.38 679.43 470.42 373.06 448.64 568.09 809.60 462.64 358.30 Tobacco products Cigarettes 21 211 16.34 18.40 15.72 18.60 17.24 19.24 17.48 $16.10 619.29 702.88 19.42 586.36 701.22 680.98 758.06 672.98 745.73 $611.80 Textile mill products Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics Broadwoven fabric mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Weft knit fabric mills Textile finishing, except wool Finishing plants, cotton Finishing plants, synthetics Carpets and rugs Yarn and thread mills Yarn spinning mills Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods 22 221 222 223 224 225 2251 2252 2253 2254 2257 226 2261 2262 227 228 2281 2282 229 7.65 8.06 8.27 8.44 7.11 6.93 6.80 6.73 6.55 6.87 7.73 8.05 8.07 8.35 8.06 7.36 7.36 7.51 8.47 7.68 8.04 8.33 8.43 7.15 7.00 6.76 6.74 6.71 6.94 7.75 8.09 8.04 8.47 7.95 7.42 7.42 7.52 8.56 8.02 8.32 8.66 8.86 7.35 7.37 6.85 7.03 7.27 7.37 8.05 8.42 8.39 8.75 8.22 7.67 7.67 7.88 9.12 8.01 8.31 8.58 8.73 7.34 7.39 6.83 7.03 7.33 7.45 8.02 8.40 8.33 8.75 8.29 7.69 7.69 7.83 9.06 8.05 309.83 317.18 340.09 344.03 341.42 296.01 281.40 258.91 271.62 267.06 279.68 328.60 338.16 343.31 346.42 344.24 301.99 304.22 282.00 360.38 325.61 331.97 356.79 372.12 301.35 291.85 265.78 273.47 287.89 286.69 328.44 357.85 353.22 375.38 354.28 306.80 309.10 298.65 374.83 317.20 319.94 346.63 363.17 298.00 283.04 252.03 267.84 283.67 269.69 315.19 338.52 335.70 349.13 348.18 302.99 306.83 283.45 368.74 324.42 Apparel and other textile products Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts Men's and boys' trousers and slacks Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and shirts Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses .. Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments ... Girl's and children's outerwear Girl's and children's dresses and blouses Misc. apparel and accessories Misc. fabricated textile products Curtains and draperies House furnishings, nee Automotive and apparel trimmings 23 231 232 2321 2325 2326 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 234 2341 2342 236 2361 238 239 2391 2392 2396 6.28 7.15 5.74 5.53 5.82 5.47 6.06 5.25 6.54 6.56 5.95 5.92 5.80 6.64 5.66 5.70 6.05 7.49 6.34 6.49 11.06 6.33 7.09 5.77 5.64 5.69 5.60 6.08 5.30 6.50 6.56 5.99 5.90 5.80 6.47 5.68 5.66 6.21 7.58 6.35 6.50 11.30 6.61 7.40 6.05 5.94 5.97 5.93 6.27 5.55 6.63 7.07 6.11 6.21 6.06 7.02 5.93 5.74 6.32 8.04 6.53 6.70 11.63 6.57 7.50 6.03 5.89 5.92 5.87 6.25 5.53 6.70 7.01 6.06 6.17 6.05 6.87 5.98 5.73 6.40 7.84 6.53 6.65 10.97 6.63 230.48 234.21 247.44 215.22 213.19 206.55 203.84 214.62 186.03 225.55 241.41 211.45 221.25 220.98 221.92 210.16 204.33 235.98 299.41 235.59 261.30 457.65 243.91 264.18 223.25 219.19 213.13 222.97 221.96 203.69 225.42 249.57 218.13 234.12 232.70 242.19 217.63 206.64 235.10 314.36 243.57 257.28 475.67 238.49 274.50 220.70 215.57 213.12 217.78 217.50 194.10 227.13 246.75 212.10 225.82 224.46 232.21 215.88 200.55 231.68 297.92 225.94 253.37 437.70 243.32 334.49 336.59 349.42 287.96 274.43 248.20 267.85 263.31 265.87 323.11 333.27 343.78 334.00 328.04 293.66 294.40 287.63 351.51 260.98 212.38 204.61 216.50 199.66 213.31 184.80 225.63 240.10 208.85 218.45 218.08 221.11 210.55 208.62 230.51 285.37 221.90 256.36 416.96 See footnotes at end of table. 121 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Paper and allied products Paper mills Paperboard mills Paperboard containers and boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers Folding paperboard boxes Misc. converted paper products Paper, coated and laminated, nee Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated Envelopes 1987 SIC Code Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990* Average overtime hours Aug. 1990* July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 26 262 263 265 2653 2656 2657 267 2672 2673 2677 43.0 45.0 44.7 42.5 43.2 43.6 41.7 41.6 43.2 41.6 39.6 43.2 45.0 44.8 42.9 43.7 41.9 42.4 42.0 42.9 41.4 41.2 43.4 45.2 45.5 42.9 43.3 44.5 42.4 41.9 43.1 41.6 41.8 43.2 44.7 46.1 42.3 42.7 44.4 41.8 42.0 43.4 41.4 41.1 43.4 4.6 4.3 7.6 4.8 5.2 5.6 4.5 4.0 3.4 4.7 2.4 4.5 4.2 7.2 4.7 5.2 4.2 4.4 4.0 3.2 4.6 3.3 4.6 5.0 6.6 4.7 5.1 4.8 4.6 3.7 3.8 4.7 3.1 4.8 5.1 7.1 4.6 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.0 3.6 5.0 3.3 Printing and publishing Newspapers Periodicals Books Book publishing Book printing Miscellaneous publishing Commercial printing Commercial printing, lithographic Commercial printing, nee Manifold business forms Blankbooks and bookbinding Printing trade services 27 271 272 273 2731 2732 274 275 2752 2759 276 278 279 37.5 33.1 37.1 38.8 38.1 39.7 36.4 38.8 38.6 39.0 41.3 37.8 38.8 37.9 33.2 37.9 39.3 38.5 40.4 36.2 39.5 39.3 39.5 40.9 37.4 39.3 37.6 33.0 37.2 37.9 37.9 37.8 36.5 39.0 38.5 39.9 42.0 37.7 38.9 37.6 33.0 37.1 39.1 38.4 40.0 36.5 38.8 38.4 39.5 41.3 37.5 39.3 38.2 2.7 1.2 2.3 2.8 2.2 3.7 1.9 3.2 3.2 3.0 4.0 2.8 4.0 3.0 1.3 2.9 3.1 2.2 4.3 1.8 3.7 3.8 3.2 3.8 2.8 4.3 2.6 1.2 2.5 2.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.7 2.0 3.7 2.7 1.2 2.5 2.7 1.8 3.8 1.7 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.5 2.4 4.4 Chemicals and allied products Industrial inorganic chemicals Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Organic fibers, noncellulosic Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods Soap and other detergents Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations Toilet preparations Paints and allied products Industrial organic chemicals , Cyclic crudes and intermediates Industrial organic chemicals, nee Agricultural chemicals Miscellaneous chemical products 28 281 2819 282 2821 2824 283 2834 284 2841 2842,3 2844 285 286 2865 2869 287 289 42.2 42.8 42.3 43.4 43.6 43.6 40.7 40.3 39.4 42.2 40.6 37.2 41.4 44.8 43.5 45.3 43.4 42.5 42.1 42.8 42.1 42.6 43.1 42.5 41.2 41.1 39.8 41.9 41.0 38.2 41.7 44.1 44.3 44.1 42.7 42.5 42.6 42.4 42.2 42.7 44.3 41.1 41.8 41.8 41.3 43.4 42.0 39.7 42.3 45.0 44.2 45.3 43.9 42.3 42.0 42.9 42.8 42.1 43.9 40.1 41.0 41.1 40.1 42.3 41.2 38.1 42.2 45.3 44.3 45.7 42.9 40.7 42.2 4.3 4.5 4.3 5.2 5.2 5.2 3.2 3.1 2.8 5.1 3.0 1.5 3.9 5.9 5.9 6.1 4.6 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.8 5.2 4.4 3.6 3.6 3.0 4.9 3.0 2.0 4.0 5.6 6.2 5.6 4.5 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.1 5.1 5.6 4.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 5.5 3.3 2.4 4.1 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.0 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.7 5.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 2.9 4.9 3.2 1.6 4.0 6.0 5.4 6.2 4.2 4.1 Petroleum and coal products Petroleum refining Asphalt paving and roofing materials 29 291 295 44.4 44.2 46.3 43.8 42.9 47.6 46.8 46.9 48.1 44.2 43.9 46.4 43.7 5.7 5.0 5.8 4.9 9.8 6.5 5.9 9.7 6.0 5.3 9.1 Rubber and misc. plastics products Tires and inner tubes Rubber and plastics footwear Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing Rubber and plastics hose and belting Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products, nee 30 301 302 305 3052 306 308 40.7 42.7 42.0 41.0 42.1 39.9 40.5 41.0 43.0 40.2 41.1 41.6 40.6 40.8 41.7 43.2 40.8 43.0 43.0 41.9 41.4 40.9 43.1 40.8 42.0 41.8 40.5 40.6 40.9 3.6 5.2 2.7 3.1 3.8 2.8 3.6 3.7 5.5 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.9 5.0 1.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 5.1 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.0 3.6 Leather and leather products Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Men's footwear, except athletic Women's footwear, except athletic Luggage 31 311 314 3143 3144 316 317 37.8 40.1 37.6 37.6 37.8 39.5 36.3 38.4 42.0 37.7 37.8 37.7 40.6 37.9 38.2 41.8 37.6 37.4 37.7 39.9 36.9 37.3 39.8 36.9 36.5 37.7 40.1 36.3 37.9 1.9 4.2 1.5 1.0 2.2 3.2 1.5 2.0 4.8 1.5 1.0 2.1 2.5 2.0 1.9 4.5 1.4 1.2 1.5 2.9 1.6 1.7 3.5 1.4 1.0 1.8 2.7 1.3 Handbags and personal leather goods See footnotes at end of table. 122 Aug. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued 1987 SIC Code Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Paper and allied products Paper mills Paperboard mills Paperboard containers and boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers Folding paperboard boxes Misc. converted paper products Paper, coated and laminated, nee Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated Envelopes 26 262 263 265 2653 2656 2657 267 2672 2673 2677 Average) hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990p July 1989 $12.09 $11.95 $12.23 $12.35 $12.30 $519.87 15.18 14.85 14.63 14.92 668.25 _ 15.07 14.82 14.76 14.97 662.45 _ 10.44 10.21 10.40 10.15 433.93 _ 10.59 10.40 10.52 10.33 449.28 _ 10.09 10.02 9.96 10.09 436.87 _ 10.68 10.39 10.34 10.75 433.26 _ 10.71 10.79 10.56 10.48 439.30 _ 11.97 12.03 11.60 11.55 501.12 _ 10.16 9.95 9.89 9.99 413.92 10.07 10.22 9.85 9.81 390.06 - Aug. 1989 June 1990 $516.24 658.35 661.25 435.44 451.42 422.77 438.42 440.16 495.50 409.45 404.17 $530.78 674.38 681.14 446.16 455.52 443.22 455.80 448.75 515.91 415.58 420.93 $533.52 $533.82 _ 678.55 _ 694.73 _ 441.61 _ 452.19 _ 448.00 _ 446.42 _ 453.18 _ 522.10 _ 420.62 420.04 - July 1990p Aug. 1990p Printing and publishing Newspapers Periodicals Books book publishing Book printing Miscellaneous publishing Commercial printing Commercial printing, lithographic Commercial printing, nee Manifold business forms Blankbooks and bookbinding Printing trade services 27 271 272 273 2731 2732 274 275 2752 2759 276 278 279 10.85 10.88 11.40 9.68 9.25 10.23 10.28 11.08 11.24 10.70 11.43 8.63 13.30 10.91 10.83 11.56 9.76 9.31 10.32 10.07 11.18 11.35 10.78 11.41 8.68 13.30 11.16 11.27 11.78 9.95 9.62 10.38 10.24 11.44 11.53 11.21 11.62 8.60 13.62 11.26 11.28 12.03 10.01 9.75 10.32 10.29 11.55 11.65 11.32 11.77 8.75 13.74 11.30 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 406.88 360.13 422.94 375.58 352.43 406.13 374.19 429.90 433.86 417.30 472.06 326.21 516.04 413.49 359.56 438.12 383.57 358.44 416.93 364.53 441.61 446.06 425.81 466.67 324.63 522.69 419.62 371.91 438.22 377.11 364.60 392.36 373.76 446.16 443.91 447.28 488.04 324.22 529.82 423.38 372.24 446.31 391.39 374.40 412.80 375.59 448.14 447.36 447.14 486.10 328.13 539.98 431.66 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - Chemicals and allied products Industrial inorganic chemicals Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Organic fibers, noncellulosic Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods Soap and other detergents Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations Toilet preparations Paints and allied products Industrial organic chemicals Cyclic crudes and intermediates Industrial organic chemicals, nee Agricultural chemicals Miscellaneous chemical products 28 281 2819 282 2821 2824 283 2834 284 2841 2842,3 2844 285 286 2865 2869 287 289 13.15 14.22 14.28 13.49 14.38 12.80 12.44 12.39 11.33 15.23 10.32 9.42 11.63 15.86 15.72 16.11 12.78 11.95 13.10 14.29 14.39 13.44 14.37 12.71 12.50 12.48 11.18 15.22 10.30 9.29 11.70 15.67 15.68 15.87 12.98 11.99 13.51 14.57 14.61 13.99 14.77 13.33 12.83 12.84 11.83 15.81 10.41 9.98 12.00 15.98 16.02 16.15 13.48 12.33 13.59 14.72 14.81 13.98 14.84 13.31 12.90 12.86 11.83 15.68 10.42 9.96 12.05 16.03 15.97 16.21 13.56 12.41 13.56 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 554.93 608.62 604.04 585.47 626.97 558.08 506.31 499.32 446.40 642.71 418.99 350.42 481.48 710.53 683.82 729.78 554.65 507.88 551.51 611.61 605.82 572.54 619.35 540.18 515.00 512.93 444.96 637.72 422.30 354.88 487.89 691.05 694.62 699.87 554.25 509.58 575.53 617.77 616.54 597.37 654.31 547.86 536.29 536.71 488.58 686.15 437.22 396.21 507.60 719.10 708.08 731.60 591.77 521.56 570.78 631.49 633.87 588.56 651.48 533.73 528.90 528.55 474.38 663.26 429.30 379.48 508.51 726.16 707.47 740.80 581.72 505.09 572.23 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - Petroleum and coal products Petroleum refining Asphalt paving and roofing materials 29 291 295 15.31 16.56 12.25 15.20 16.45 12.38 16.23 17.63 12.84 16.23 17.59 13.08 15.77 679.76 _ 731.95 567.18 - 665.76 705.71 589.29 759.56 826.85 617.60 717.37 772.20 606.91 689.15 _ - Rubber and misc. plastics products Tires and inner tubes Rubber and plastics footwear Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing Rubber and plastics hose and belting Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products, nee 30 301 302 305 3052 306 308 9.50 14.99 6.51 9.21 9.61 9.03 8.89 9.47 15.06 6.54 9.19 9.55 9.03 8.84 9.77 15.40 6.63 9.68 9.90 9.38 9.16 9.87 15.53 6.83 9.72 9.96 9.44 9.23 9.84 _ _ _ - 386.65 640.07 273.42 377.61 404.58 360.30 360.05 388.27 647.58 262.91 377.71 397.28 366.62 360.67 407.41 665.28 270.50 416.24 425.70 393.02 379.22 403.68 669.34 278.66 408.24 416.33 382.32 374.74 402.46 _ _ _ _ _ - Leather and leather products Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Men's footwear, except athletic Women's footwear, except athletic Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods 31 311 314 3143 3144 316 317 6.55 8.73 6.21 6.68 5.86 6.56 6.10 6.55 8.81 6.23 6.66 5.95 6.48 5.98 6.91 9.06 6.57 7.12 6.06 7.01 6.19 6.79 8.80 6.53 7.06 6.11 6.70 6.10 6.89 _ _ _ _ - 247.59 350.07 233.50 251.17 221.51 259.12 221.43 251.52 370.02 234.87 251.75 224.32 263.09 226.64 263.96 378.71 247.03 266.29 228.46 279.70 228.41 253.27 350.24 240.96 257.69 230.35 268.67 221.43 261.13 _ _ _ _ _ - '. See footnotes at end of table. 123 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued 1987 SIC Code Industry Transportation and public utilities Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 39.3 38.9 39.4 39.4 Railroad transportation: Class I railroads3 4011 44.1 42.6 47.6 47.1 Local and interurban passenger transit Local and suburban transportation Intercity and rural bus transportation 41 411 413 36.3 39.0 40.2 35.8 38.9 40.4 33.7 38.7 37.8 35.5 38.3 39.8 42 421 422 38.6 38.6 38.5 38.7 38.7 38.7 39.1 39.1 39.3 39.0 39.0 39.1 46 41.2 40.1 42.3 41.5 Trucking and warehousing Trucking and courier services, except air Public warehousing and storage , Pipelines, except natural gas Transportation services: Freight transportation arrangement 473 37.8 37.5 37.5 38.0 Communications Telephone communications Radio and television broadcasting Cable and other pay television services 48 481 483 484 40.1 41.8 35.5 37.6 39.3 41.0 35.0 37.8 39.7 41.4 34.6 38.5 39.5 40.9 35.2 38.7 Electric, gas, and sanitary services Electric services Gas production and distribution Combination utility services Sanitary services 49 491 492 493 495 41.9 42.4 41.2 41.8 42.0 41.7 41.8 41.5 41.6 42.2 41.7 41.8 41.7 41.9 42.1 41.6 41.7 41.6 41.6 42.1 38.2 38.0 38.2 38.3 38.6 37.7 37.3 40.0 38.8 39.9 38.4 39.2 39.1 37.3 38.5 37.5 37.2 39.9 38.5 40.2 38.0 38.9 39.0 37.4 38.7 38.2 37.2 40.0 38.9 40.1 38.6 38.8 39.1 37.2 38.8 38.3 37.1 40.0 38.9 39.8 38.6 39.1 39.2 37.0 37.6 36.9 37.5 36.5 38.3 40.4 38.8 36.5 36.9 37.4 36.9 37.7 37.0 38.0 40.2 38.2 36.5 36.6 37.6 37.8 37.0 36.5 38.1 40.3 38.5 36.9 37.0 37.7 37.7 37.6 36.8 38.2 40.2 38.6 37.2 36.9 29.8 29.6 29.3 29.7 Wholesale trade Durable goods Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies Furniture and home furnishings Lumber and other construction materials Professional and commercial equipment Metals and minerals, except petroleum Electrical goods Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment Machinery, equipment, and supplies Misc. wholesale trade durable goods 50 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 Nondurable goods Paper and paper products Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries Apparel, piece goods, and notions Groceries and related products Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and petroleum products Beer, wine, and distilled beverages Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods 51 509 511 512 513 514 516 517 518 519 Retail trade Building materials and garden supplies Lumber and other building materials Hardware stores 52 521 525 37.2 39.0 33.4 37.0 38.8 33.2 36.8 38.5 32.8 36.9 38.7 33.2 General merchandise stores Department stores Variety stores Misc. general merchandise stores 53 531 533 539 28.5 28.4 28.6 29.5 28.4 28.2 28.7 29.3 28.6 28.5 28.7 29.1 29.3 29.3 29.0 29.9 See footnotes at end of table. 124 Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p 39.4 38.0 29.4 July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry 1987 SIC Code Average hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 $12.63 $12.61 Transportation and public utilities June 1990 July 1990p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990 p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p $12.86 $12.96 $12.95 $496.36 $490.53 $506.68 $510.62 $510.23 Railroad transportation: Class I railroads3 4011 15.45 16.07 15.93 15.90 681.35 684.58 758.27 748.89 Local and interurban passenger transit Local and suburban transportation Intercity and rural bus transportation 41 411 413 9.06 9.74 11.66 9.10 9.67 11.82 9.03 9.81 11.06 9.12 9.81 11.20 328.88 379.86 468.73 325.78 376.16 477.53 304.31 379.65 418.07 323.76 375.72 445.76 Trucking and warehousing Trucking and courier services, except air Public warehousing and storage 42 421 422 11.32 11.46 9.22 11.40 11.56 9.14 11.67 11.81 9.57 11.65 11.79 9.62 436.95 442.36 354.97 441.18 447.37 353.72 456.30 461.77 376.10 454.35 459.81 376.14 Pipelines, except natural gas 46 15.94 15.77 16.97 16.89 656.73 632.38 717.83 700.94 Transportation services: Freight transportation arrangement 473 11.63 11.46 12.11 12.22 439.61 429.75 454.13 464.36 Communications Telephone communications Radio and television broadcasting Cable and other pay television services 48 481 483 484 13.21 13.91 12.06 10.14 13.09 13.79 12.22 10.24 13.45 14.11 12.54 10.46 13.57 14.24 12.77 10.49 529.72 581.44 428.13 381.26 514.44 565.39 427.70 387.07 533.97 584.15 433.88 402.71 536.02 582.42 449.50 405.96 Electric, gas, and sanitary services Electric services Gas production and distribution Combination utility services Sanitary services 49 491 492 493 495 14.75 15.12 13.81 17.37 11.09 14.59 15.00 13.60 17.10 11.09 15.04 15.69 14.03 17.03 11.53 15.23 15.92 14.26 17.30 11.51 618.03 641.09 568.97 726.07 465.78 608.40 627.00 564.40 711.36 468.00 627.17 655.84 585.05 713.56 485.41 633.57 663.86 593.22 719.68 484.57 10.41 10.36 10.76 10.83 10.75 397.66 393.68 411.03 414.79 Wholesale trade Durable goods Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies Furniture and home furnishings Lumber and other construction materials Professional and commercial equipment Metals and minerals, except petroleum Electrical goods Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment Machinery, equipment, and supplies Misc. wholesale trade durable goods 50 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 10.67 9.52 9.82 10.06 12.28 10.96 11.18 10.13 10.74 8.45 10.63 9.54 9.80 10.05 12.31 10.88 11.02 10.03 10.68 8.40 11.10 9.98 10.16 10.41 13.01 11.27 11.37 10.49 11.09 8.81 11.18 10.01 10.19 10.43 13.16 11.34 11.39 10.60 11.17 8.86 411.86 358.90 366.29 402.40 476.46 437.30 429.31 397.10 419.93 315.19 409.26 357.75 364.56 401.00 473.94 437.38 418.76 390.17 416.52 314.16 429.57 381.24 377.95 416.40 506.09 451.93 438.88 407.01 433.62 327.73 433.78 383.38 378.05 417.20 511.92 451.33 439.65 414.46 437.86 327.82 Nondurable goods Paper and paper products Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries Apparel, piece goods, and notions Groceries and related products Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and petroleum products Beer, wine, and distilled beverages Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods 51 511 512 513 514 516 517 518 519 10.01 10.65 11.45 9.84 10.22 12.41 9.94 11.72 8.23 9.98 10.59 11.37 9.77 10.18 12.50 9.91 11.72 8.25 10.25 10.95 11.94 9.96 10.40 12.47 10.31 12.03 8.53 10.31 10.97 11.82 9.99 10.52 12.50 10.20 12.18 8.63 376.38 392.99 429.38 359.16 391.43 501.36 385.67 427.78 303.69 373.25 390.77 428.65 361.49 386.84 502.50 378.56 427.78 301.95 385.40 413.91 441.78 363.54 396.24 502.54 396.94 443.91 315.61 388.69 413.57 444.43 367.63 401.86 502.50 393.72 453.10 318.45 6.48 6.49 6.75 6.74 193.10 192.10 197.78 200.18 Retail trade Aug. 1990p 6.75 Building materials and garden supplies Lumber and other building materials Hardware stores 52 521 525 7.71 8.05 6.40 7.71 8.04 6.43 7.92 8.29 6.67 7.94 8.29 6.75 286.81 313.95 213.76 285.27 311.95 213.48 291.46 319.17 218.78 292.99 320.82 224.10 General merchandise stores Department stores Variety stores Misc. general merchandise stores 53 531 533 539 6.60 6.80 5.28 5.93 6.62 6.83 5.26 5.93 6.80 6.97 5.63 6.27 6.77 6.93 5.63 6.35 188.10 193.12 151.01 174.94 188.01 192.61 150.96 173.75 194.48 198.65 161.58 182.46 198.36 203.05 163.27 189.87 408.50 198.45 See footnotes at end of table. 125 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Retail trade—Continued Food stores Grocery stores Retail bakeries 1987 SIC Code Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 54 541 546 31.1 31.3 29.9 30.7 30.9 29.7 30.4 30.6 29.1 30.8 31.0 29.5 Automotive dealers and service stations ... New and used car dealers Auto and home supply stores Gasoline service stations Automotive dealers, nee 55 551 553 554 559 36.6 37.3 38.6 34.8 36.5 36.5 37.1 38.8 34.5 36.2 36.5 37.3 38.6 34.3 35.2 36.6 37.3 38.9 34.5 35.8 Apparel and accessory stores Men's and boys' clothing stores Women's clothing stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores 56 561 562 565 566 27.8 29.5 25.7 27.8 29.9 27.8 29.0 25.6 27.5 30.1 27.5 29.2 24.4 27.6 31.0 27.9 29.6 24.7 28.2 31.2 Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture and home furnishings stores .... Household appliance stores Radio, television, and computer stores .... Radio, television, and electronic stores Record and prerecorded tape stores ..., 57 571 572 573 5731 5735 33.7 33.9 33.7 33.4 33.1 27.6 33.4 33.8 33.4 32.8 32.5 27.8 33.1 33.7 33.5 32.1 31.8 27.3 33.4 34.0 33.7 32.4 32.3 26.8 Eating and drinking places4 58 26.6 26.3 25.7 26.3 Miscellaneous retail establishments Drug stores and proprietary stores Miscellaneous shopping goods stores Nonstore retailers Fuel dealers Retail stores, nee 59 591 594 596 598 599 30.3 28.1 29.6 32.5 38.0 31.8 30.2 28.0 29.4 32.9 37.9 31.9 29.8 27.9 28.7 33.1 37.2 31.2 30.2 28.3 29.4 32.9 37.4 31.3 36.2 35.8 35.8 36.2 Depository institutions Commercial banks Credit unions 60 602 606 36.2 36.3 36.2 35.6 35.5 35.9 35.5 35.3 35.8 36.2 36.0 36.3 Nondepository institutions Personal credit institutions 61 614 38.2 37.8 37.6 37.6 37.4 37.6 38.0 38.2 Security and commodity brokers: Security and commodity services 628 37.9 37.5 37.3 37.4 Insurance carriers Life insurance Medical service and health insurance Fire, marine, and casualty insurance 63 631 632 633 37.4 37.4 37.6 37.1 37.1 37.1 37.6 36.8 37.3 37.0 38.2 37.1 37.7 37.2 38.5 37.6 33.0 32.8 32.7 33.0 Finance, insurance, and real estate5 Services Hotels and other lodging places: Hotels and motels4 701 32.2 31.9 31.0 31.8 Personal services: Laundry, cleaning, and garment services Beauty shops4 Miscellaneous personal services 721 723 729 34.2 29.6 24.2 34.0 29.5 24.2 34.4 29.4 25.0 34.2 29.2 24.5 Business services Advertising Services to buildings 73 731 734 33.3 37.1 29.4 33.5 36.7 29.3 33.3 36.6 29.2 33.3 36.9 28.7 Personnel supply services: Help supply services 7363 30.2 31.1 31.1 30.9 Computer and data processing services Miscellaneous business services 737 738 38.0 35.0 37.8 34.8 38.0 34.2 38.2 34.4 See footnotes at end of table. 126 Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p 35.7 32.9 July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Retail trade—Continued Food stores Grocery stores Retail bakeries 1987 SIC Code Average hourly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 54 541 546 $7.06 7.15 6.02 $7.08 7.17 6.02 $7.32 7.41 6.35 $7.30 7.39 6.28 $219.57 $217.36 $222.53 $224.84 223.80 221.55 226.75 229.09 180.00 178.79 184.79 185.26 Automotive dealers and service stations ... New and used car dealers Auto and home supply stores Gasoline service stations Automotive dealers, nee 55 551 553 554 8.67 10.81 7.60 9.02 11.25 559 5.93 10.79 8.65 10.78 7.58 5.91 10.70 7.83 6.24 10.71 9.05 11.38 7.77 6.21 10.75 317.32 403.21 293.36 206.36 393.84 315.73 399.94 294.10 203.90 387.34 329.23 419.63 302.24 214.03 376.99 331.23 424.47 302.25 214.25 384.85 Apparel and accessory stores Men's and boys' clothing stores Women's clothing stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores 56 561 562 565 566 5.97 7.38 5.61 5.88 6.00 5.96 7.31 5.64 5.87 5.97 6.28 7.73 5.97 6.24 6.17 6.25 7.75 5.97 6.18 6.11 165.97 217.71 144.18 163.46 179.40 165.69 211.99 144.38 161.43 179.70 172.70 225.72 145.67 172.22 191.27 174.38 229.40 147.46 174.28 190.63 Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture and home furnishings stores ... Household appliance stores Radio, television, and computer stores ... Radio, television, and electronic stores Record and prerecorded tape stores ... 57 571 572 573 5731 5735 8.40 8.19 8.61 8.70 8.72 5.07 8.33 8.20 8.52 8.51 8.59 5.02 8.55 8.43 8.77 8.70 8.75 5.06 8.58 8.40 8.83 8.83 8.75 5.57 283.08 277.64 290.16 290.58 288.63 139.93 278.22 277.16 284.57 279.13 279.18 139.56 283.01 284.09 293.80 279.27 278.25 138.14 286.57 285.60 297.57 286.09 282.63 149.28 Eating and drinking places4 58 4.72 4.74 4.96 4.96 125.55 124.66 127.47 130.45 Miscellaneous retail establishments Drug stores and proprietary stores Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .... Nonstore retailers Fuel dealers Retail stores, nee 59 591 6.79 6.51 6.33 7.83 9.20 6.98 6.77 6.42 6.35 7.77 9.16 6.98 7.10 6.72 6.65 8.01 9.68 7.43 7.12 6.74 6.66 8.01 9.68 7.49 205.74 182.93 187.37 254.48 349.60 221.96 204.45 179.76 186.69 255.63 347.16 222.66 211.58 187.49 190.86 265.13 360.10 231.82 215.02 190.74 195.80 263.53 362.03 234.44 9.56 9.47 9.90 10.00 $9.93 346.07 339.03 354.42 362.00 $354.50 594 596 598 599 Finance, insurance, and real estate5 Depository institutions Commercial banks Credit unions 60 602 606 8.17 7.89 7.86 8.08 7.79 7.80 8.47 8.11 8.04 8.52 8.11 8.13 295.75 286.41 284.53 287.65 276.55 280.02 300.69 286.28 287.83 308.42 291.96 295.12 Nondepository institutions Personal credit institutions 61 614 9.83 8.92 9.76 8.82 10.33 9.26 10.46 9.31 375.51 337.18 366.98 331.63 386.34 348.18 397.48 355.64 Security and commodity brokers: Security and commodity services 628 13.17 13.12 12.94 13.18 499.14 492.00 482.66 492.93 Insurance carriers Life insurance Medical service and health insurance Fire, marine, and casualty insurance 63 631 632 633 10.71 9.94 10.42 10.67 9.95 11.42 11.46 11.11 10.34 10.70 11.94 11.19 10.36 10.85 11.99 400.55 371.76 391.79 423.68 395.86 369.15 386.15 421.73 414.40 382.58 408.74 442.97 421.86 385.39 417.73 450.82 9.34 9.30 9.75 9.78 9.76 308.22 305.04 318.83 322.74 Services 10.27 Hotels and other lodging places: Hotels and motels4 701 6.57 6.53 6.91 6.83 211.55 208.31 214.21 217.19 Personal services: Laundry, cleaning, and garment services Beauty shops4 Miscellaneous personal services 721 723 729 6.61 6.94 7.12 6.61 7.01 7.12 6.81 7.22 7.22 6.85 7.20 7.32 226.06 205.42 172.30 224.74 206.80 172.30 234.26 212.27 180.50 234.27 210.24 179.34 73 731 734 9.19 13.28 7.22 9.09 13.00 7.13 9.52 13.51 7.31 9.62 Advertising Services to buildings 13.71 7.41 306.03 492.69 212.27 304.52 477.10 208.91 317.02 494.47 213.45 320.35 505.90 212.67 Personnel supply services: Help supply services 7363 7.75 7.70 8.05 8.14 234.05 239.47 250.36 251.53 Computer and data processing services Miscellaneous business services 737 738 14.37 7.65 14.25 7.65 14.99 7.91 15.15 7.93 546.06 267.75 538.65 266.22 569.62 270.52 578.73 272.79 Business services 321.10 See footnotes at end of table. 127 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Services—Continued Auto repair, services, and parking Automotive repair shops 1987 SIC Code Average weekly hours July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 75 753 37.2 38.4 37.3 38.5 37.2 38.8 37.2 38.8 Miscellaneous repair services 76 38.3 38.1 38.2 38.4 Motion pictures Motion picture production and services .... 78 781 29.5 37.0 28.3 34.6 27.5 35.9 28.4 35.7 Amusement and recreation services Misc. amusement and recreation services 79 799 29.5 29.6 29.1 29.1 27.9 27.8 28.8 29.0 Health services Offices and clinics of medical doctors Offices and clinics of dentists Nursing and personal care facilities Hospitals Home health care services 80 801 802 805 806 808 32.8 32.2 28.4 32.8 34.3 25.8 32.5 31.9 28.3 31.8 34.1 25.2 32.6 31.5 28.3 31.9 34.5 25.2 33.0 31.9 28.4 33.0 34.6 25.7 Legal services 81 35.3 34.9 34.9 35.4 Engineering and management services Engineering and architectural services Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .... Research and testing services Management and public relations 87 871 872 873 874 37.2 38.9 36.1 36.8 35.7 37.1 38.9 36.1 37.0 35.5 37.2 39.2 36.9 36.0 35.4 37.4 39.1 37.0 36.7 35.8 Services, nee 89 38.6 38.1 36.8 37.3 See footnotes a t end of table. 128 Average overtime hours Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990" ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Services—Continued Auto repair, services, and parking Automotive repair shops 1987 SIC Code Average hourly earnings July 1989 June 1990 Aug. 1989 July 1990p Average weekly earnings Aug. 1990p July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p 75 753 $8.46 9.34 $8.51 9.39 $8.76 9.65 $8.80 9.64 $314.71 $317.42 $325.87 $327.36 358.66 361.52 374.42 374.03 Miscellaneous repair services 76 9.98 9.93 10.28 10.35 382.23 378.33 392.70 397.44 Motion pictures Motion picture production and services .... 78 781 9.48 15.21 9.91 15.84 10.21 15.82 10.23 16.01 279.66 562.77 280.45 548.06 280.78 567.94 290.53 571.56 Amusement and recreation services Misc. amusement and recreation services 79 799 7.21 6.51 7.16 6.50 7.88 7.10 7.70 6.95 212.70 192.70 208.36 189.15 219.85 197.38 221.76 201.55 Health services Offices and clinics of medical doctors Offices and clinics of dentists Nursing and personal care facilities Hospitals Home health care services 80 801 802 805 806 808 9.85 9.78 9.38 6.81 11.26 7.89 9.87 9.79 9.39 6.82 11.28 7.90 10.33 10.50 10.12 7.20 11.64 8.76 10.40 10.50 10.15 7.26 11.78 8.86 323.08 314.92 266.39 223.37 386.22 203.56 320.78 312.30 265.74 216.88 384.65 199.08 336.76 330.75 286.40 229.68 401.58 220.75 343.20 334.95 288.26 239.58 407.59 227.70 Legal services 81 13.66 13.33 14.16 14.36 482.20 465.22 494.18 508.34 Engineering and management services Engineering and architectural services Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .... Research and testing services Management and public relations 87 871 872 873 874 13.14 14.09 11.98 13.60 12.15 12.95 13.89 11.74 13.47 11.97 13.46 14.54 12.16 13.87 12.45 13.65 14.71 12.36 14.07 12.62 488.81 548.10 432.48 500.48 433.76 480.45 540.32 423.81 498.39 424.94 500.71 569.97 448.70 499.32 440.73 510.51 575.16 457.32 516.37 451.80 Services, nee 89 12.89 12.65 13.61 13.89 497.55 481.97 500.85 518.10 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing. 3 Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000 or more. Aug. 1990p 4 Money payments only; tips, not included. Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the nonsupervisory count for all series in this division. - Data not available. p = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks and conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. See the article in this issue for additional information. 5 129 A Note on Average Hourly Earnings in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft manufacturing (sic 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have been used to escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's series by definition take account of traditional wage rate changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983. Because of special circumstances in the aerospace industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings series for sic 3721 and sic 3761 which include lump-sum payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the effective date of the first aerospace bargain- ing agreement using lump-sum payments, were published in the June 1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation of the methodology used to derive these series appears in the Explanatory Notes of this publication. Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these developments, the Bureau is conducting a broad-based review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lump-sum payments and other new compensation practices. C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing Aircraft (SIC 3721) Series Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) June 1989 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990° June 1989 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments $14.73 $14.86 $15.67 $15.54 $14.16 $14.17 $14.74 $14.92 Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments 15.18 15.31 16.40 16.29 14.62 14.64 15.19 15.37 = preliminary. 130 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p 10.04 $9.99 $10.37 $10.41 $10.34 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 10.53 8.52 8.01 10.19 11.78 10.13 10.86 9.73 12.95 10.53 8.05 10.50 8.51 8.01 10.18 11.72 10.09 10.85 9.68 13.00 10.55 7.94 10.86 8.69 8.26 10.51 12.14 10.37 11.22 9.89 13.46 10.90 8.36 10.89 8.77 8.26 10.57 12.26 10.39 11.27 9.97 13.40 11.00 8.38 10.86 (2) Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 9.36 8.87 16.05 7.29 6.15 11.47 10.48 12.51 14.39 9.09 6.40 9.29 8.79 15.53 7.31 6.17 11.36 10.49 12.47 14.25 9.07 6.39 9.69 9.16 16.81 7.65 6.47 11.61 10.79 12.85 15.17 9.33 6.74 9.75 9.13 17.09 7.67 6.45 11.71 10.86 12.93 15.20 9.44 6.64 $9.65 (2) Industry Manufacturing 1 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. 2 Not available. p = preliminary. ^ (2) (2) (2) ^ (2) ? (02) I22) (2) r(2)) NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks and conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. See the article in this issue for additional information. 131 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars Average hourly earnings Industry Average weekly earnings July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Total private: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars $9.64 7.58 $9.61 7.56 $9.98 7.54 $10.00 7.53 $9.99 Mining: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 13.06 10.28 13.22 10.40 13.66 10.32 13.65 10.28 $13.59 Construction: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 13.49 10.61 13.51 10.63 13.63 10.29 13.70 10.32 $13.74 Manufacturing: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 10.49 8.25 10.46 8.23 10.85 8.19 10.88 8.19 $10.84 Transportation and public utilities: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 12.63 9.94 12.61 9.92 12.86 9.71 12.96 9.76 $12.95 Wholesale trade: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 10.41 8.19 10.36 8.15 10.76 8.13 10.83 8.16 $10.75 Retail trade: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 6.48 5.10 6.49 5.11 6.75 5.10 6.74 5.08 $6.75 Finance, insurance, and real estate: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 9.56 7.52 9.47 7.45 9.90 7.48 10.00 7.53 $9.93 Services: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars 9.34 7.35 9.30 7.32 9.75 7.36 9.78 7.36 $9.76 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Not available. p = preliminary. NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and 132 Aug. 1990p ft ft ft ft 0 ft ft ft July 1989 Aug. 1989 June 1990 July 1990p Aug. 1990p $337.40 $335.39 $347.30 $349.00 $347.65 265.46 263.88 262.31 262.80 ft 561.58 441.84 575.07 452.45 606.50 458.08 595.14 448.15 $597.96 524.76 412.87 525.54 413.49 532.93 402.52 524.71 395.11 $535.86 425.89 335.08 427.81 336.59 445.94 336.81 440.64 331.81 $443.36 496.36 390.53 490.53 385.94 506.68 382.69 510.62 384.50 $510.23 397.66 312.87 393.68 309.74 411.03 310.45 414.79 312.34 $408.50 193.10 151.93 192.10 151.14 197.78 149.38 200.18 150.74 $198.45 346.07 272.28 339.03 266.74 354.42 267.69 362.00 272.59 $354.50 308.22 242.50 305.04 240.00 318.83 240.81 322.74 243.03 $321.10 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series. Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks and conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. In addition, the base year for the constant-dollar series has been converted to 1982=100. See the article in this issue for additional information. ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted 1989 1990 Industry Aug. 34.5 Total private 43.4 Mining Sept. 34.6 43.7 Construction Manufacturing Overtime hours Durable goods Overtime hours Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Overtime hours Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 43.6 43.5 43.4 43.6 44.4 43.7 43.9 0 O O O P) 40.7 3.6 41.3 3.6 40.4 39.6 42.3 42.6 43.1 41.1 42.1 40.9 41.5 41.0 40.9 39.5 40.8 3.6 41.3 3.6 40.1 39.3 42.2 42.5 42.9 41.4 42.1 41.1 41.6 41.5 41.0 39.5 40.8 3.7 41.4 3.8 40.4 39.2 42.0 42.7 43.0 41.5 42.0 41.0 42.0 42.3 41.1 39.4 40.7 3.5 41.2 3.5 40.2 39.0 42.0 41.8 42.9 41.2 41.8 40.9 41.9 41.8 41.2 39.2 40.9 3.8 41.5 3.9 40.4 39.2 42.1 43.0 43.5 41.7 42.1 40.9 42.5 43.4 41.1 39.4 41.0 3.8 41.6 3.9 40.3 39.3 42.3 43.0 43.3 41.6 42.0 41.0 42.6 43.7 41.2 39.4 40.9 3.8 41.6 3.9 40.2 39.5 41.8 43.1 44.1 41.8 42.1 40.8 42.8 43.6 41.3 39.4 41.0 3.9 41.6 4.0 40.4 39.2 42.3 42.9 43.6 41.6 42.0 40.8 43.1 44.1 41.2 39.4 40.0 3.5 40.6 40.0 3.6 40.7 2 () 40.0 36.3 43.2 38.0 42.5 40.0 3.4 40.6 40.1 3.6 40.3 3.6 40.9 40.1 3.6 40.6 2 () 40.1 36.6 43.5 37.9 42.3 41.5 37.3 40.2 3.7 41.1 2 () 40.0 36.6 43.7 38.1 42.5 (2) 41.1 37.6 39.0 39.1 38.1 38.0 28.9 28.7 43.6 43.7 0 0 (2) 41.0 36.9 43.5 0 0 0 40.2 36.4 43.2 37.7 42.6 40.3 36.6 43.2 37.9 42.7 38.6 38.8 38.0 38.1 28.9 28.9 32.5 32.6 0 40.8 37.4 37.4 37.7 38.6 38.6 38.3 38.7 38.1 38.1 38.0 38.0 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.9 0 O 32.5 32.6 37.6 38.1 28.9 32.7 37.9 42.4 (2) 41.2 0 38.8 0 40.2 36.6 43.1 40.9 32.6 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular 34.5 40.0 3.5 40.6 Retail trade 1 34.5 40.0 3.6 40.7 38.2 Aug.' 34.7 40.1 3.6 40.8 2 () 40.4 36.8 43.4 37.9 42.4 (2) 41.1 38.1 July" 34.5 40.1 3.6 40.8 2 () 40.6 36.9 43.3 37.8 42.5 (2) 41.1 37.7 (2) 41.1 June 34.5 40.2 3.7 40.9 () 41.2 May 34.6 40.2 3.6 40.7 38.0 42.5 Apr. 34.6 43.0 40.7 3.7 41.2 3.7 40.2 39.4 42.4 42.5 43.0 41.3 42.2 40.8 41.0 42.3 41.0 39.7 2 Mar. 43.7 34.4 40.8 3.7 41.3 3.7 40.3 39.2 42.4 42.5 42.8 41.4 42.1 41.0 41.3 42.7 41.0 39.3 40.6 36.8 43.2 Feb. 34.4 34.5 34.6 Jan. 40.9 3.8 41.5 3.8 40.1 39.5 42.2 42.6 43.1 41.5 42.2 41.0 42.7 43.0 40.9 39.2 Wholesale trade Services Dec. 41.0 3.8 41.6 3.9 40.1 39.5 42.5 42.8 43.3 41.5 42.3 41.0 42.5 42.8 41.0 39.4 37.8 42.4 , Nov. 40.6 3.7 41.2 3.7 40.0 39.1 41.6 42.5 42.9 41.2 42.1 40.5 41.7 42.2 41.0 39.3 Transportation and public utilities Finance, insurance, and real estate Oct. 0 41.4 37.7 0 40.0 36.4 43.3 37.8 42.6 (2) 40.9 37.5 39.0 39.0 38.1 38.1 29.0 40.8 40.2 36.6 43.3 37.9 42.6 O 41.4 37.4 39.1 38.0 29.0 O 40.4 36.7 43.5 38.0 42.6 (2) 41.6 37.5 39.2 38.1 29.0 29.0 O 32.5 32.6 32.5 O 32.6 0 32.6 32.6 32.6 components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. p = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional information. 133 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (1982=100) 1989 1990 Industry Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec, Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July13 Total private 122.8 123.2 123.4 123.5 123.3 123.6 124.4 124.4 124.2 124.6 125.3 124.8 124.6 Goods-producing 112.4 111.9 111.6 111.6 110.4 111.1 112.1 111.5 110.1 111.2 111.7 110.5 110.5 62.4 62.9 63.1 63.8 63.0 64.4 64.9 64.9 65.2 65.9 68.0 66.7 65.9 Construction 141.0 140.6 141.7 143.0 138.1 144.9 147.7 144.6 138.6 142.1 144.3 138.5 139.6 Manufacturing 109.6 109.0 108.3 108.0 107.6 106.8 107.6 107.5 107.0 107.5 107.6 107.4 107.2 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 109.7 132.2 130.1 113.9 95.5 83.2 110.1 100.6 112.6 126.2 138.4 89.2 105.3 108.9 131.5 129.5 112.3 94.3 82.8 109.6 100.0 112.2 125.1 136.0 88.5 104.0 107.9 132.6 127.9 113.3 93.6 81.4 108.9 99.2 111.9 120.2 132.3 88.5 104.3 107.4 132.1 128.2 113.6 93.1 81.0 108.3 99.8 110.8 118.4 128.6 88.0 104.6 107.1 131.4 126.6 111.2 92.8 81.1 107.7 99.5 109.4 120.7 128.7 87.5 104.3 105.9 133.0 128.2 113.3 92.4 81.4 106.1 99.7 110.1 110.9 105.2 87.9 105.9 107.2 131.5 127.0 113.3 92.6 80.3 107.4 99.4 110.3 119.8 125.5 88.2 105.6 107.3 132.5 126.6 111.7 92.7 79.3 107.7 98.8 110.2 121.1 128.3 88.4 104.6 106.5 131.7 125.4 110.7 90.9 79.1 107.2 98.2 109.7 120.2 123.4 88.4 102.9 107.3 131.9 125.7 110.5 93.5 81.2 108.3 98.9 109.5 121.8 131.2 87.7 104.2 107.1 130.5 126.0 110.5 93.5 80.4 107.8 98.4 109.6 123.3 133.7 87.2 102.7 107.2 129.7 125.8 108.2 94.3 81.9 108.6 98.5 108.2 124.3 133.2 87.0 103.8 106.5 129.7 124.8 109.2 93.2 81.0 108.0 97.7 107.3 123.8 134.3 86.5 102.7 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 109.4 108.2 67.2 106.6 98.2 110.9 126.6 104.8 86.1 128.3 109.2 109.1 69.3 104.9 97.5 109.9 127.1 104.9 86.5 127.5 109.0 108.9 68.8 104.9 97.3 110.2 126.4 105.0 87.5 126.9 108.8 108.8 68.3 103.9 96.8 110.5 127.2 104.8 88.4 126.4 108.3 108.4 65.8 103.1 95.5 110.2 127.0 105.3 87.9 125.4 108.2 108.4 66.9 103.0 95.2 110.4 128.0 105.4 86.9 124.3 108.0 108.3 67.6 102.2 94.4 110.3 128.1 104.4 88.4 125.0 107.8 108.5 68.1 101.2 92.7 110.4 128.4 104.3 89.2 125.6 107.6 108.7 64.7 101.2 92.9 110.8 127.6 104.6 88.0 124.6 107.9 109.2 65.8 100.9 92.9 110.4 128.1 104.6 88.0 126.0 108.2 108.7 64.3 101.2 93.0 111.4 128.6 104.4 93.0 127.3 107.7 108.3 66.5 100.3 92.5 111.6 128.4 103.9 87.6 127.4 108.1 110.0 66.4 99.9 92.5 112.5 129.4 103.7 87.9 126.2 65.5 65.7 64.3 64.1 62.6 62.6 63.1 63.1 62.2 61.5 61.1 59.6 59.5 127.5 128.2 128.8 128.8 129.1 129.3 129.9 130.2 130.5 130.6 131.4 131.2 131.0 109.2 111.5 112.0 111.8 113.4 112.9 114.2 115.3 115.2 116.0 116.7 115.8 116.1 118.0 118.4 118.7 119.0 119.1 119.2 119.1 119.4 119.3 118.9 119.8 119.6 119.3 123.7 123.8 123.9 123.8 123.8 124.4 124.4 124.9 125.0 125.1 125.3 125.0 123.9 120.7 120.7 121.8 121.1 121.0 121.4 122.2 122.3 122.6 122.5 122.9 123.1 123.0 140.4 141.4 142.1 142.4 142.8 142.8 143.8 143.9 144.4 144.6 145.8 145.9 146.2 Mining Service-producing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. p = preliminary. 134 Aug.p NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. In addition, the base year for the indexes has been converted to 1982=100. ESTABLISHMENT DATA EARNINGS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted 1989 1990 Industry Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July" Aug.p Average hourly earnings Total private (in current dollars) Mining Construction Manufacturing Excluding overtime2 Transportation and public utilities .. Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Total private (in constant dollars)3 $9.70 $9.73 $9.78 $9.78 $9.83 $9.82 $9.88 $9.93 $9.96 $9.98 $10.03 $10.07 $10.09 13.30 13.55 10.53 10.07 12.65 10.42 6.56 9.56 9.44 13.31 13.56 10.55 10.09 12.68 10.48 6.57 9.65 9.49 13.32 13.61 10.57 10.10 12.71 10.54 6.60 9.72 9.55 13.32 13.66 10.58 10.12 12.65 10.55 6.61 9.66 9.55 13.40 13.76 10.62 10.17 12.73 10.60 6.64 9.75 9.61 13.33 13.55 10.57 10.13 12.78 10.57 6.68 9.73 9.63 13.33 13.63 10.67 10.22 12.83 10.62 6.69 9.77 9.67 13.51 13.66 10.73 10.28 12.87 10.67 6.73 9.82 9.72 13.59 13.62 10.75 10.34 12.96 10.74 6.74 9.88 9.79 13.58 13.71 10.81 10.35 12.88 10.74 6.76 9.87 9.80 13.73 13.73 10.86 10.38 12.92 10.80 6.78 9.98 9.85 13.75 13.76 10.89 10.40 12.99 10.85 6.79 10.08 9.91 7.64 7.64 7.65 7.62 7.63 7.54 7.55 7.56 7.57 7.58 7.58 7.58 13.69 13.78 10.92 10.41 12.99 10.81 6.82 10.03 9.91 0 Average weekly earnings Total private: In current dollars In constant (1982) dollars 3 . 334.65 336.66 338.39 337.41 338.15 337.81 341.85 343.58 343.62 344.31 348.04 347.42 348.11 263.71 264.25 264.57 262.99 262.54 259.45 261.35 261.48 261.31 261.63 262.87 261.61 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. 3 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series. 4 Not available. = preliminary. NOTE: Data in this table have been revised to reflect March 1989 benchmarks, conversion to the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, and updated seasonal adjustment factors. In addition, the base year for the constant-dollar series has been converted to 1982=100. See the article in this issue for additional information. p 135 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas Average weekly hours State and area July 1989 June 1990 Alabama Birmingham Mobile 40.6 40.2 41.7 41.4 41.1 42.9 40.8 37.3 41.3 Alaska 46.9 44.4 52.9 Arizona 40.7 40.7 40.7 Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 40.8 41.3 39.5 41.8 43.9 41.0 40.6 40.1 41.6 44.6 California Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa 40.3 40.6 40.4 38.1 40.5 40.8 41.2 40.4 39.6 39.5 40.5 37.6 40.2 39.4 38.8 41.3 43.6 Colorado Denver July 1990P Average hourly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Average weekly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? $365.40 381.10 463.29 $388.33 395.79 480.91 $381.89 357.71 469.17 512.62 575.87 575.02 $9.00 9.48 $9.38 9.63 $9.36 9.59 11.11 11.21 11.36 10.93 12.97 10.87 409.44 413.51 419.21 10.06 8.31 7.33 8.78 8.99 10.26 10.16 8.57 7.79 8.72 9.06 11.13 10.30 40.9 41.0 40.3 42.2 44.8 8.60 7.67 8.74 9.13 10.76 339.05 302.73 346.81 375.78 450.41 351.37 316.27 349.67 376.90 496.40 351.74 314.47 352.22 385.29 482.05 40.7 41.2 40.7 40.2 40.8 40.3 41.2 41.5 40.0 40.4 40.9 40.2 41.0 40.5 37.7 41.7 38.8 40.4 40.8 40.3 40.8 40.1 38.8 40.9 40.1 40.5 40.9 41.0 39.9 41.0 40.2 38.9 41.8 41.7 11.25 11.43 12.14 9.34 10.67 10.35 13.32 10.77 10.06 11.50 11.28 13.14 13.28 11.33 10.79 11.08 13.18 11.49 11.75 12.18 9.36 10.90 10.74 13.51 10.82 10.43 11.77 11.55 13.05 13.54 11.81 11.43 11.23 13.20 11.55 11.79 12.27 9.26 10.87 10.80 13.63 10.89 10.42 11.93 11.62 12.98 13.52 11.90 11.34 11.16 13.17 453.38 464.06 490.46 355.85 432.14 422.28 548.78 435.11 398.38 454.25 456.84 494.06 533.86 446.40 418.65 457.60 574.65 467.64 484.10 495.73 376.27 444.72 432.82 556.61 449.03 417.20 475.51 472.40 524.61 555.14 478.31 430.91 468.29 512.16 466.62 481.03 494.48 377.81 435.89 419.04 557.47 436.69 422.01 487.94 476.42 517.90 554.32 478.38 441.13 466.49 549.19 40.3 39.9 41.7 41.2 41.0 39.6 10.49 11.53 10.92 12.40 11.05 12.62 422.75 460.05 455.36 510.88 453.05 499.75 Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury 41.7 40.6 42.5 41.4 40.0 42.0 38.9 42.3 41.7 42.4 42.4 41.4 40.7 41.8 42.2 41.9 42.2 42.0 41.5 40.9 43.0 11.31 11.73 11.95 11.92 11.01 11.65 10.51 11.47 12.16 12.39 12.21 11.04 12.36 10.59 11.54 12.40 12.47 12.40 11.10 12.30 10.00 471.63 476.24 507.88 493.49 440.40 489.30 408.84 485.18 507.07 525.34 517.70 457.06 503.05 442.66 486.99 519.56 526.23 520.80 460.65 503.07 430.00 Delaware Wilmington 42.0 43.7 42.1 42.9 41.2 43.8 12.05 15.25 12.69 15.68 12.69 15.92 506.10 666.43 534.25 672.67 522.83 697.30 District of Columbia: Washington MSA 39.0 39.2 39.5 11.69 12.51 12.60 455.91 490.39 497.70 40.1 40.9 41.7 39.2 41.1 43.2 39.4 41.0 41.1 41.5 40.3 40.3 41.6 44.4 41.0 39.5 40.3 40.6 41.4 38.8 40.8 43.8 40.9 39.0 8.70 8.66 9.28 7.25 9.91 10.90 8.90 9.40 8.99 8.91 9.45 7.49 10.42 11.68 9.49 9.62 9.01 9.05 9.64 7.57 10.39 11.59 9.46 9.46 348.87 354.19 386.98 284.20 407.30 470.88 350.66 385.40 369.49 369.77 380.84 301.85 433.47 518.59 389.09 379.99 363.10 367.43 399.10 293.72 423.91 507.64 386.91 368.94 Georgia Atlanta Savannah 41.0 40.9 44.2 41.4 42.1 47.3 41.3 42.0 49.4 8.81 10.04 11.58 9.13 10.43 11.56 9.16 10.52 11.52 361.21 410.64 511.84 377.98 439.10 546.79 378.31 441.84 569.09 Hawaii Honolulu 39.4 38.9 39.9 39.7 40.1 40.5 10.48 10.59 10.97 11.32 11.17 11.41 412.91 411.95 437.70 449.40 447.92 462.11 Idaho 39.3 38.0 40.4 10.25 10.69 10.68 402.83 406.22 431.47 Florida Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Jacksonville Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater :... West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach See footnotes at end of table. 136 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area Average hourly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990* 41.2 40.7 40.8 39.9 41.1 41.1 42.1 41.6 42.0 39.4 42.5 41.7 36.2 $11.23 10.68 11.79 9.76 10.92 13.05 14.31 12.50 11.89 11.54 13.53 11.67 10.30 $11.42 10.92 12.74 9.59 11.17 13.44 14.83 12.97 12.00 11.62 13.98 12.75 10.46 40.4 38.8 38.6 40.9 39.7 40.2 39.5 39.7 41.1 39.3 10.88 12.71 11.92 11.91 8.97 39.9 38.6 40.9 40.7 39.2 40.2 40.1 39.0 39.8 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville 39.3 39.9 39.7 40.1 41.3 40.4 Louisiana Baton Rouge New Orleans Shreveport 42.1 44.0 40.9 40.2 Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland Average weekly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? $11.42 10.91 12.74 9.63 11.25 13.26 14.96 12.82 12.03 11.57 13.98 12.17 10.48 $460.43 438.95 475.14 384.54 453.18 519.39 638.23 522.50 451.82 448.91 589.91 480.80 398.61 $479.64 457.55 526.16 378.81 466.91 553.73 637.69 553.82 520.80 474.10 603.94 544.43 388.07 $470.50 444.04 519.79 384.24 462.38 544.99 629.82 533.31 505.26 455.86 594.15 507.49 379.38 11.23 13.83 12.35 12.06 8.95 11.35 13.96 12.68 12.26 431.94 493.15 476.80 477.59 363.29 453.69 536.60 476.71 493.25 355.32 456.27 551.42 503.40 503.89 348.20 10.61 11.95 11.41 10.82 12.23 11.99 10.90 12.38 12.00 423.34 461.27 466.67 440.37 479.42 482.00 437.09 482.82 477.60 39.9 40.5 41.8 10.41 10.50 11.97 10.72 11.15 12.46 10.75 11.16 12.34 409.11 418.95 475.21 429.87 460.50 503.38 428.93 451.98 515.81 43.6 43.5 42.5 43.1 42.8 44.2 41.0 44.2 11.11 12.91 10.78 11.06 11.69 13.39 11.24 11.59 11.90 13.78 11.45 11.94 467.73 568.04 440.90 444.61 509.68 582.47 477.70 499.53 509.32 609.08 469.45 527.75 39.2 38.5 37.2 40.2 40.1 38.5 39.1 39.1 36.0 10.24 8.54 10.45 10.43 9.00 10.68 10.66 9.34 10.85 401.41 328.79 388.74 419.29 360.90 411.18 416.81 365.19 390.60 Maryland Baltimore MSA 41.0 41.1 40.9 41.3 40.8 41.2 11.16 11.54 11.69 12.23 11.68 12.23 457.56 474.29 478.12 505.10 476.54 503.88 Massachusetts Boston Springfield Worcester 40.6 40.2 40.9 40.9 40.7 40.5 41.6 41.3 40.5 40.3 41.3 41.3 10.99 11.74 10.56 10.81 11.30 12.03 10.82 10.98 11.35 11.95 10.83 11.09 446.19 471.95 431.90 442.13 459.91 487.22 450.11 453.47 459.68 481.59 447.28 458.02 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 41.0 44.0 43.4 41.0 41.4 40.2 40.0 41.3 39.0 39.4 42.6 43.1 44.1 42.7 43.8 43.7 41.8 41.3 41.2 43.0 40.7 44.3 41.4 42.1 42.4 41.5 42.6 40.9 39.3 40.7 40.1 39.9 43.2 13.31 14.21 14.84 14.33 17.09 11.64 10.88 12.98 14.37 12.27 15.18 13.93 15.52 15.15 14.95 17.63 11.75 11.12 13.92 16.10 12.36 16.29 13.77 14.61 14.98 14.79 17.61 11.74 11.18 13.91 15.79 12.59 15.88 545.71 625.24 644.06 587.53 707.53 467.93 435.20 536.07 560.43 483.44 646.67 600.38 684.43 646.90 654.81 770.43 491.15 459.26 573.50 692.30 503.05 721.65 570.08 615.08 635.15 613.78 750.19 480.17 439.37 566.14 633.18 502.34 686.02 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul St. Cloud 40.2 37.9 40.0 41.4 40.1 42.8 40.2 40.9 40.1 39.1 39.8 40.6 10.91 11.63 11.56 10.24 11.24 11.48 11.89 9.88 11.19 11.77 11.86 10.00 438.58 440.78 462.40 423.94 450.72 491.34 477.98 404.09 448.72 460.21 472.03 406.00 Mississippi Jackson 39.1 39.2 39.9 41.4 39.0 39.7 7.96 9.03 8.38 9.40 8.36 9.37 311.24 353.98 334.36 389.16 326.04 371.99 July 1969 June 1990 July 1990P 41.0 41.1 40.3 39.4 41.5 39.8 44.6 41.8 38.0 38.9 43.6 41.2 38.7 42.0 41.9 41.3 39.5 41.8 41.2 43.0 42.7 43.4 40.8 43.2 42.7 37.1 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City 39.7 38.8 40.0 40.1 40.5 Kansas Topeka Wichita Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline. Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield Indiana See footnotes at end of table. 137 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area July 1989 June 1990 40.1 40.5 40.5 41.3 41.0 41.2 42.4 41.0 Montana 38.7 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha Average hourly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 40.7 40.1 42.0 41.5 $10.36 11.67 12.29 9.15 $10.78 11.59 13.01 9.25 38.6 38.7 11.35 40.6 39.1 41.0 41.2 40.1 41.4 40.7 39.1 40.4 Nevada Las Vegas 40.3 42.5 40.5 42.2 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester 40.8 39.6 40.1 41.4 New Jersey New Mexico Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield Albuquerque New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Glens Falls Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Average weekly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P $10.82 11.63 12.90 9.33 $415.44 472.64 497.75 377.90 $441.98 477.51 551.62 379.25 $440.37 466.36 541.80 387.20 11.47 11.63 439.25 442.74 450.08 9.51 10.59 10.28 9.70 11.10 10.39 9.73 11.19 10.41 386.11 414.07 421.48 399.64 445.11 430.15 396.01 437.53 420.56 40.7 43.1 10.35 13.23 11.08 12.91 11.20 13.14 417.11 562.28 448.74 544.80 455.84 566.33 41.1 41.6 40.6 42.6 40.5 42.9 40.9 41.5 10.36 10.61 12.33 9.66 10.87 10.67 14.22 9.94 11.02 11.58 14.02 10.13 422.69 420.16 494.43 399.92 446.76 443.87 577.33 423.44 446.31 496.78 573.42 420.40 40.4 41.2 40.6 11.18 11.59 11.70 451.67 477.51 475.02 39.8 39.2 39.3 40.4 39.8 40.1 8.81 8.78 8.99 9.33 8.90 9.34 350.64 344.18 353.31 376.93 354.22 374.53 39.4 38.7 40.0 40.8 40.5 42.5 39.6 (1) 40.1 37.4 39.5 40.3 39.7 41.3 39.6 10.70 11.34 9.63 12.81 11.15 11.76 9.64 13.45 9.87 (1) 11.77 10.41 10.18 14.50 11.15 11.87 421.58 438.86 394.83 521.37 363.38 446.00 479.81 390.42 571.63 390.85 0 0 471.98 389.33 377.68 597.40 380.48 440.34 549.02 372.93 505.52 422.47 487.81 440.43 478.36 386.28 553.01 388.08 (1) 462.56 386.28 375.07 587.48 386.65 430.26 542.25 387.37 490.86 411.73 475.00 41.0 40.7 39.2 (1) 39.3 36.9 36.4 40.3 39.2 40.3 42.8 40.8 40.2 40.1 July 1990*> V) 39.3 37.0 36.7 40.6 40.7 40.4 9.27 0 11.58 42.1 40.1 40.5 39.4 38.0 9.89 9.80 13.91 9.21 10.82 12.32 7.92 12.29 9.88 11.46 9.73 13.39 9.80 (1) 9.28 10.74 13.01 11.77 10.44 10.22 14.47 9.50 10.65 12.88 9.37 12.36 10.38 12.54 9.66 12.12 10.45 12.50 455.09 364.94 356.72 560.57 361.03 436.05 527.30 323.14 494.06 396.19 459.55 40.1 37.1 41.2 41.0 41.0 42.2 39.8 40.9 40.7 38.9 North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham 39.9 40.9 40.1 38.9 41.2 40.3 41.6 40.0 38.7 41.9 39.5 41.0 39.4 38.3 42.4 8.42 8.48 9.00 9.17 9.50 8.75 8.77 9.32 9.30 10.01 8.78 8.85 9.34 9.38 10.00 335.96 346.83 360.90 356.71 391.40 352.63 364.83 372.80 359.91 419.42 346.81 362.85 368.00 359.25 424.00 North Dakota Fargo-Moorhead 39.6 39.5 40.2 38.6 37.9 42.3 8.84 9.38 8.91 8.80 8.91 9.07 350.06 370.51 358.18 339.68 337.69 383.66 Ohio Akron Canton Cincinnati 41.9 42.1 40.8 42.1 41.9 41.3 42.3 42.8 42.0 43.0 43.3 42.4 43.6 43.4 42.0 43.7 43.4 43.3 42.4 42.7 42.3 43.0 42.8 42.1 42.3 43.0 42.2 12.16 11.45 11.15 11.50 11.57 12.03 12.75 13.23 13.84 12.74 12.11 11.50 12.11 12.31 12.40 13.86 13.50 14.69 12.62 12.01 11.47 12.01 12.16 12.43 13.53 13.46 14.37 509.50 482.05 454.92 484.15 484.78 496.84 539.33 566.24 581.28 547.82 524.36 487.60 528.00 534.25 520.80 605.68 585.90 636.08 535.09 512.83 485.18 516.43 520.45 523.30 572.32 578.78 Oklahoma Oklahoma City Tulsa 41.1 43.1 40.5 40.3 40.8 41.4 39.7 40.0 40.5 10.49 11.42 10.17 10.86 12.21 11.20 10.63 11.35 11.44 431.14 492.20 411.89 437.66 498.17 463.68 422.01 454.00 463.32 Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland 38.5 38.1 39.4 38.0 39.2 38.1 39.1 37.6 38.8 37.3 39.7 36.9 10.91 10.82 10.99 8.93 11.03 10.83 11.23 9.67 11.14 10.92 11.36 9.27 420.04 412.24 433.01 339.34 432.38 412.62 439.09 363.59 432.23 407.32 450.99 342.06 Niagara Falls Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren Salem See footnotes at end of table. 138 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Pittsburgh Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Sharon State College Williamsport York 40.8 40.5 40.0 45.0 44.4 40.0 38.4 40.2 40.8 41.8 40.8 39.6 41.0 39.4 40.4 41.9 40.8 39.7 39.4 43.4 43.1 41.5 37.8 40.4 40.5 42.0 41.6 39.4 42.8 40.3 40.0 41.2 40.6 39.3 40.2 43.6 44.3 41.0 37.5 39.9 40.2 42.1 40.9 39.9 42.3 40.4 39.5 41.3 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 38.1 40.0 38.8 40.2 39.3 39.9 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg 41.2 39.4 41.2 41.1 South Dakota Sioux Falls Average hourly earnings July June 1990 July 1990P $10.64 10.72 9.37 10.70 11.31 10.65 8.08 10.66 11.79 11.12 11.02 9.34 11.82 9.44 9.44 10.15 $11.02 10.93 9.66 11.12 11.55 11.22 8.48 11.00 12.01 11.40 11.51 9.63 11.82 9.91 9.57 10.67 39.8 38.1 39.6 9.11 8.49 8.67 40.6 39.9 42.1 41.3 40.4 39.8 41.9 41.2 41.6 47.3 41.8 43.2 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 40.7 40.1 43.8 39.6 43.4 41.3 Texas Dallas Ft. Worth-Arlington Houston San Antonio Average weekly earnings July June 1990 July 1990? $11.07 11.07 9.65 10.85 11.82 11.30 8.39 11.02 12.10 11.40 11.54 9.73 11.90 9.74 9.55 10.55 $434.11 434.16 374.80 481.50 502.16 426.00 310.27 428.53 481.03 464.82 449.62 369.86 484.62 371.94 381.38 425.29 $449.62 433.92 380.60 482.61 497.81 465.63 320.54 444.40 486.41 478.80 478.82 379.42 505.90 399.37 382.80 439.60 $449.44 435.05 387.93 473.06 523.63 463.30 314.63 439.70 486.42 479.94 471.99 388.23 503.37 393.50 377.23 435.72 9.38 9.01 8.91 9.60 9.10 9.26 347.09 339.60 336.40 377.08 354.09 355.51 382.08 346.71 366.70 8.55 9.27 8.69 8.37 8.85 9.47 9.10 8.77 8.88 9.47 9.10 8.79 352.26 365.24 358.03 344.01 359.31 377.85 383.11 362.20 358.75 376.91 381.29 362.15 40.8 42.4 8.28 8.53 8.38 8.73 8.31 8.68 344.45 403.47 350.28 377.14 339.05 368.03 39.3 40.9 40.6 37.2 39.7 42.2 39.3 41.0 44.9 36.3 39.2 41.6 9.18 8.37 9.84 9.33 9.36 10.06 9.54 8.74 9.51 8.98 9.86 11.47 8.75 9.81 8.94 9.90 11.49 373.63 335.64 430.99 369.47 406.22 415.48 374.92 357.47 386.11 334.06 391.44 484.03 376.89 358.75 440.47 324.52 388.08 477.98 41.6 42.0 40.9 44.0 39.7 41.7 41.9 41.0 44.2 40.4 41.3 41.5 40.5 44.0 39.6 10.29 10.42 10.99 11.72 7.52 10.54 10.49 11.16 12.14 7.83 10.59 10.49 11.21 12.17 7.89 428.06 437.64 449.49 515.68 298.54 439.52 439.53 457.56 536.59 316.33 437.37 435.34 454.01 535.48 312.44 Utah Salt Lake City-Ogden 39.5 39.9 39.5 39.6 39.6 39.9 10.23 10.01 10.26 10.25 10.32 10.39 404.09 399.40 405.27 405.90 408.67 414.56 Vermont Burlington 40.3 40.8 41.0 40.5 39.2 39.9 10.02 10.35 10.54 11.14 10.59 11.04 403.81 422.28 432.14 451.17 415.13 440.50 Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 40.8 42.8 41.7 42.5 42.0 39.6 41.8 41.8 40.7 39.4 41.9 39.9 41.8 40.5 43.6 40.7 40.0 39.6 39.9 41.1 42.0 40.6 42.8 40.5 7.81 8.43 9.62 9.45 10.64 12.60 11.41 10.07 8.44 8.82 9.66 9.88 11.07 13.39 11.68 10.18 8.62 8.80 9.89 10.39 11.22 13.40 11.88 395.35 334.27 351.53 408.85 396.90 421.34 526.68 476.94 409.85 332.54 369.56 385.43 412.98 448.34 583.80 475.38 407.20 341.35 351.12 406.48 436.38 455.53 573.52 481.14 Washington 40.4 40.5 39.9 12.37 12.76 12.90 499.75 516.78 514.71 West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling 39.7 42.2 39.6 41.6 41.1 41.1 43.9 40.9 43.0 42.3 40.4 44.5 40.7 41.0 41.0 11.28 13.58 12.92 13.08 13.55 11.42 13.32 13.54 13.08 13.56 11.69 13.64 13.51 13.23 13.47 447.82 573.08 511.63 544.13 556.91 469.36 584.75 553.79 562.44 573.59 472.28 606.98 549.86 542.43 552.27 See footnotes at end of table. 139 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit.... Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Sheboygan Wausau 41.2 43.2 43.4 42.6 37.8 41.5 40.9 39.1 41.1 38.6 43.2 42.3 41.6 43.7 45.2 41.5 36.7 42.0 41.0 40.1 41.7 40.2 41.6 44.4 Wyoming 40.3 Puerto Rico Virgin Islands 1 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 41.3 43.0 45.4 40.4 35.9 41.4 41.2 41.2 41.8 39.2 41.9 42.9 $10.61 11.64 10.89 11.08 12.72 11.41 9.65 10.19 11.60 10.51 10.40 10.42 $11.06 11.99 11.32 12.22 11.95 11.82 9.72 10.31 11.81 11.50 10.87 10.99 40.5 38.8 11.01 38.9 39.3 39.5 41.7 42.9 42.5 Not available. P = preliminary. NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this 140 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P $11.04 11.96 11.52 12.76 11.80 11.11 9.72 10.36 11.86 11.12 10.73 10.88 $437.13 502.85 472.63 472.01 480.82 473.52 394.69 398.43 476.76 405.69 449.28 440.77 $460.10 523.96 511.66 507.13 438.57 496.44 398.52 413.43 492.48 462.30 452.19 487.96 $455.95 514.28 523.01 515.50 423.62 459.95 400.46 426.83 495.75 435.90 449.59 466.75 10.97 11.25 443.70 444.29 436.50 5.76 5.97 6.03 224.06 234.62 238.19 10.80 12.13 11.91 450.36 520.38 506.18 publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1989 benchmarks, and industry detail are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual. PRODUCTIVITY DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted Millions of hours (annual rate)1 Industry Total Private sector Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities ... Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government June 1990r July 1990r Aug. 1990p Aug. 1989 to Aug. 1990p June 1990 to July 1990r July 1990 to Aug. 1990p 206,115 205,615 205,034 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 168,611 168,268 168,004 1.5 -.2 -.2 1,718 10,551 40,831 24,134 16,697 11,916 12,646 29,892 12,741 48,316 1,688 10,255 40,726 24,078 16,648 11,844 12,634 29,826 12,881 48,414 1,680 10,311 40,657 23,972 16,685 11,892 12,613 29,596 12,720 48,534 5.5 -.3 -1.8 -2.5 -.7 6.5 1.4 .4 1.4 4.4 -1.7 -2.8 -.3 -.2 -.3 -.6 -.1 -.2 1.1 .2 -.5 .6 -.2 -.4 .2 .4 -.2 -.8 -1.3 .2 37,505 37,347 37,031 4.1 -.4 -.8 1 Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied by 52. These data reflect September 1990 revisions to the BLS Establishment data. p = preliminary. ' = revised. Percent change NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2285, chapter 10, Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors. SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261). 141 PRODUCTIVITY DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted (1982 = 100) Quarterly index Annual average Item 1987 1988 1988 1989 1990 1989 IV IV IV I Nr Business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator 113.0 133.0 117.7 129.1 105.3 114.3 126.5 118.2 112.8 135.8 120.4 133.1 103.5 118.0 133.1 122.8 112.0 129.4 115.5 125.6 105.0 112.1 123.2 115.7 113.1 131.2 115.9 126.9 105.3 112.2 124.5 116.2 112.8 132.6 117.6 128.6 105.5 114.0 125.0 117.5 113.5 133.8 117.9 130.3 105.6 114.8 127.4 118.9 113.1 134.5 118.8 131.5 105.5 116.3 128.8 120.3 113.3 135.6 119.7 132.2 104.6 116.7 130.8 121.2 113.3 135.9 120.0 133.0 103.7 117.4 133.2 122.5 112.8 136.1 120.6 133.4 103.3 118.2 133.8 123.3 112.3 135.5 120.7 134.3 103.0 119.6 134.4 124.3 111.9 136.0 121.5 135.5 101.9 121.1 135.5 125.8 112.3 136.4 121.4 137.5 102.5 122.4 137.0 127.1 112.3 134.0 119.3 128.3 104.7 114.3 127.4 118.4 111.9 136.7 122.2 132.1 102.8 118.1 133.7 123.0 110.9 129.7 116.9 124.9 104.4 112.6 124.1 116.2 112.1 131.6 117.4 126.2 104.7 112.6 125.4 116.6 111.9 133.4 119.2 127.7 104.8 114.1 125.8 117.8 112.7 134.8 119.6 129.4 104.9 114.8 127.4 118.8 112.8 136.0 120.5 130.8 104.9 115.9 130.6 120.5 112.4 136.4 121.4 131.4 104.0 116.9 130.9 121.4 112.2 136.8 121.9 131.9 102.9 117.5 133.9 122.7 112.0 137.1 122.4 132.5 102.6 118.3 134.7 123.5 111.4 136.3 122.4 133.4 102.3 119.8 135.3 124.7 110.8 136.8 123.5 134.4 101.1 121.3 135.7 125.8 111.2 137.3 123.5 136.3 101.6 122.6 137.5 127.3 127.6 139.9 109.6 123.4 100.6 96.7 130.1 144.0 110.6 126.7 98.6 97.4 126.1 135.5 107.4 120.4 100.7 95.5 126.7 136.9 108.0 122.4 101.5 96.6 127.5 138.9 108.9 123.1 100.9 96.5 128.8 141.1 109.5 124.3 100.7 96.5 129.2 142.6 110.3 125.7 100.8 97.3 130 1 143.7 110.5 126.5 100.2 97.3 130.9 144.5 110.4 126.6 98.7 96.7 130.5 144.0 110.4 127.6 98.8 97.8 131.3 143.5 109.3 128.4 98.5 97.8 133.0 144.2 108.4 129.2 97.2 97.1 134.3 145.6 108.4 131.2 97.8 97.7 139.9 155.1 110.9 121.9 99.4 87.1 143.3 159.8 111.5 125.4 97.6 87.5 138.3 149.0 107.7 119.8 100.2 86.6 139.3 150.8 108.3 121.9 101.1 87.5 140.3 154.0 109.8 121.7 99.8 86.8 141.4 156.6 110.7 122.8 99.5 86.8 142.2 158.9 111.7 124.4 99.8 87.5 142.9 159.7 111.8 125.6 99.4 87.9 144.8 160.8 111.0 125.5 97.9 86.7 144.7 160.2 110.7 126.8 98.2 87.6 144.8 158.5 109.4 127.5 97.8 88.0 146.6 159.1 108.5 128.0 96.3 87.3 149.2 161.7 108.4 130.2 97.0 87.3 110.9 119.6 107.8 125.6 102.5 113.2 112.3 122.8 109.3 128.6 100.1 114.5 109.7 117.5 107.1 121.4 101.5 110.6 110.0 118.3 107.6 123.1 102.1 111.9 110.4 118.8 107.7 125.1 102.7 113.4 111.7 120.4 107.8 126.6 102.6 113.3 111.6 120.9 108.4 127.6 102.3 114.4 112.6 122.3 108.6 127.9 101.2 113.6 112.2 122.8 109.5 128.2 100.0 114.3 111.4 122.5 110.0 128.8 99.7 115.6 113.3 123.7 109.1 129.9 99.6 114.6 114.9 124.3 108.3 131.1 98.6 114.2 114.4 124.2 108.5 132.8 99.0 116.1 113.4 134.9 119.0 125.8 102.6 109.0 111.0 103.8 176.3 113.2 111.9 136.4 121.9 129.6 100.9 114.7 115.8 111.8 157.9 117.4 112.9 131.3 116.3 122.6 102.5 106.8 108.6 102.2 174.0 111.0 113.8 133.2 117.1 123.8 102.7 107.1 108.8 102.6 176.6 111.4 113.7 134.6 118.4 125.3 102.8 108.2 110.2 102.9 178.1 112.6 113.5 135.4 119.3 126.8 102.8 109.7 111.8 104.2 171.4 113.5 113.2 136.3 120.4 127.9 102.6 110.9 113.0 105.6 179.1 115.2 112.5 136.2 121.1 128.9 102.0 112.7 114.6 108.0 162.3 115.9 112.1 136.4 121.7 129.4 100.9 114.1 115.4 110.6 162.9 117.1 112.3 137.1 122.1 130.0 100.7 115.0 115.7 113.3 159.3 117.8 111.1 135.9 122.3 130.7 100.2 117.0 117.6 115.2 147.2 118.9 110.5 136.0 123.0 131.4 98.8 118.1 118.9 116.2 147.6 120.0 111.0 136.5 123.0 133.3 99.3 119.2 120.1 116.8 152.9 121.3 Nonfarm business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator Manufacturing Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Durable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Nondurable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Nonfinancial corporations Output per all-employee hour Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Total unit costs Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor costs Unit profits Implicit price deflator ' = revised. 142 SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261). PRODUCTIVITY DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates Percent change from Previous quarter Item Same quarter, previous year 1989 1989 III 1989 IV 1989 1990 1990r 1989 II 1989 III 1989 IV 1989 I 1990 0.5 3.5 3.0 2.0 -3.3 1.5 6.3 3.1 0.0 .9 .9 2.4 -3.4 2.5 7.7 4.3 -1.5 .6 2.1 1.3 -1.5 2.8 1.8 2.5 -2.0 -1.8 .1 2.6 -1.4 4.6 1.6 3.5 -1.5 1.4 2.9 3.8 -4.0 5.3 3.3 4.6 1.7 1.4 -.3 6.1 2.4 4.4 4.7 4.5 0.1 3.4 3.3 4.1 -.6 4.0 5.1 4.4 0.4 2.5 2.0 3.4 -1.7 3.0 6.6 4.2 -0.6 1.7 2.3 2.4 -0.7 .8 1.5 -2.2 2.9 5.1 3.7 2.1 -2.4 2.8 4.3 3.4 -1.2 .3 1.5 2.5 -2.6 3.8 3.6 3.7 -1.7 1.2 3.0 2.0 -3.3 3.8 1.0 2.8 -.5 1.3 1.7 1.5 -4.2 2.0 9.3 4.4 -.8 -2.2 -2.1 -1.9 1.4 3.4 3.2 -4.5 5.2 1.2 3.8 1.5 1.5 .0 5.8 2.0 4.3 5.4 4.6 .2 3.6 3.4 4.1 -.6 3.9 4.4 4.1 .3 2.6 2.3 3.2 -1.8 3.0 6.4 4.1 -.6 1.7 2.3 2.4 -2.2 3.0 5.8 3.9 -1.3 .3 1.6 2.0 -2.4 3.4 3.6 3.4 -1.4 .3 1.7 2.3 -2.8 3.7 3.6 3.7 2.6 3.1 .5 2.6 -2.7 .0 2.6 2.4 -.2 5.1 1.8 -3.1 2.5 -5.2 -2.5 4.0 4.0 .1 6.3 2.5 2.2 2.6 2.6 4.1 1.3 4.9 2.3 3.4 -1.3 .8 1.6 .7 1.3 -1.0 2.1 -2.4 .5 2.6 .7 -1.8 2.9 -2.2 .2 2.3 .4 -1.9 2.1 -3.0 -.2 4.9 7.3 6.8 -.5 6.9 3.1 -.4 2.6 5.9 3.2 3.0 -1.7 .4 3.3 4.5 1.2 3.1 -1.9 -.1 2.3 2.3 .0 3.3 -1.3 1.0 1.9 -.2 -2.1 2.5 -2.0 .6 2.6 -.4 -2.9 2.0 -3.1 -.6 3.0 .6 -2.4 3.7 -1.4 -.6 .8 5.4 1.6 6.9 2.4 3.4 1.0 3.9 -.8 1.5 1.6 3.4 1.7 2.4 -2.6 .8 -.3 1.8 2.0 1.7 -2.8 2.0 1.6 2.3 .7 1.8 -2.7 .2 2.0 1.7 -.3 2.5 2.0 1.1 -.9 3.7 -.9 1.6 1.7 1.6 -.1 5.9 2.1 3.6 4.2 2.2 15.1 4.5 -1.1 2.3 3.4 4.1 -.6 5.3 5.3 5.3 -8.1 4.0 -1.4 1.4 2.8 3.3 -1.8 5.4 4.7 7.4 -8.5 4.0 -1.0 1.3 2.3 2.5 -2.1 4.9 3.5 8.7 -7.0 3.8 -1.8 -.3 1.6 2.2 -2.2 5.5 4.1 9.2 -17.8 3.2 1990r Business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator -0.8 .4 1.2 3.4 -1.2 4.3 2.8 3.8 Nonfarm business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator .6 1.5 1.8 -1.0 2.7 2.6 2.6 .1 2.7 -1.3 5.1 1.6 3.9 -.9 .4 1.2 3.4 -1.2 4.3 2.7 3.7 Manufacturing Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs .1 -5.6 -2.5 -1.4 -1.4 -.1 3.2 .3 4.6 2.8 -1.3 -4.0 2.7 -1.3 -.1 1.4 2.1 .8 2.6 -1.9 3.6 -1.0 1.0 Durable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs 2.0 2.2 .2 3.6 -1.7 1.6 5.5 2.8 -.4 -1.7 -2.6 -1.2 4.1 1.2 4.5 .5 -4.1 -4.6 2.3 -1.7 1.8 -2.7 -1.0 1.7 2.0 -.9 4.7 7.1 3.7 -3.2 3.4 -.6 -3.4 5.4 2.3 -3.0 3.9 -3.9 .8 2.1 -4.2 -3.6 .7 2.4 -1.6 -2.2 .2 2.5 2.1 -.1 -5.8 -5.3 1.6 -3.2 1.7 -5.9 -3.1 Nondurable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs -1.5 3.7 4.7 .9 .9 -4.3 -2.7 -4.9 2.4 -2.5 -.1 2.4 3.3 -1.4 .6 2.0 1.4 -2.0 6.8 5.9 9.5 -32.5 2.4 -4.3 4.7 2.8 9.9 1.5 4.4 1.8 3.3 .8 -1.5 -2.6 .5 Nonfinancial corporations Output per all-employee hour Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour Total unit costs Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor costs Unit profits Implicit price deflator ' = revised. 1.3 1.8 -1.0 3.5 6.9 1.0 6.9 10.2 -8.5 2.4 6.9 -27.1 3.6 -5.5 4.1 4.4 3.3 1.2 3.9 -1.8 -.2 1.6 1.9 -3.1 4.8 3.8 7.6 -9.0 3.6 -1.0 .1 1.1 3.0 -1.5 4.5 4.1 5.6 -6.1 3.6 SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261). 143 STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Percent of labor force Number State and area July 1989 June 1990 1,931.8 447.1 134.9 214.9 141.2 71.1 1,899.2 440.1 133.1 210.7 139.0 71.1 1,898.4 440.0 132.9 210.4 138.9 70.6 145.9 26.7 7.2 18.7 9.7 4.0 139.5 25.8 6.7 16.6 9.8 3.6 264.3 262.6 270.2 13.0 Arizona Phoenix Tucson 1,702.3 1,064.4 312.1 1,752.3 1,093.3 316.5 1,730.4 1,079.5 312.2 Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 1,156.8 64.5 96.4 274.1 38.1 1,125.2 63.0 92.5 265.9 36.8 14,820.2 1,450.6 241.0 327.0 4,253.7 172.1 1,145.9 383.5 1,046.4 750.3 1,201.7 911.1 866.6 185.8 206.2 205.9 205.9 Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 138.2 25.1 6.2 15.2 8.9 3.5 7.6 6.0 5.3 8.7 6.9 5.6 7.3 5.9 5.1 7.9 7.0 5.1 7.3 5.7 4.7 7.2 6.4 4.9 17.2 14.2 4.9 6.5 5.3 99.7 48.9 14.8 101.7 50.6 14.2 104.3 50.4 13.6 5.9 4.6 4.8 5.8 4.6 4.5 6.0 4.7 4.4 1,121.4 63.5 93.4 265.3 36.4 85.6 2.6 6.8 19.0 3.2 81.7 2.5 6.1 17.5 3.4 80.4 2.6 5.6 17.6 3.4 7.4 4.0 7.1 6.9 8.3 7.3 3.9 6.6 6.6 9.1 7.2 4.1 6.1 6.6 9.5 14,852.9 1,407.0 238.4 319.0 4,503.0 165.0 1,129.0 374.9 1,056.7 740.7 1,196.0 884.9 820.5 182.2 210.2 199.5 202.0 14,965.0 1,416.5 237.9 326.5 4,501.0 170.3 1,145.0 382.2 1,065.2 750.9 1,206.7 899.9 832.8 183.0 210.3 201.4 208.0 861.9 51.1 24.3 31.1 237.3 19.0 57.3 25.6 75.7 40.6 57.0 36.2 38.4 8.3 10.2 19.3 12.7 742.6 46.0 23.1 27.5 208.0 19.2 46.0 18.2 66.3 33.9 51.7 30.7 31.5 7.0 9.0 19.0 10.0 849.6 51.1 23.8 30.4 242.0 18.6 52.8 25.4 82.5 36.6 59.8 34.8 36.3 8.3 9.9 18.9 12.0 5.8 3.5 10.1 9.5 5.6 11.0 5.0 6.7 7.2 5.4 4.7 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.9 9.4 6.1 5.0 3.3 9.7 8.6 4.6 11.6 4.1 4.9 6.3 4.6 4.3 3.5 3.8 3.8 4.3 9.5 4.9 5.7 3.6 10.0 9.3 5.4 10.9 4.6 6.6 7.7 4.9 5.0 3.9 4.4 4.5 4.7 9.4 5.8 1,724.3 135.4 882.9 1,770.8 137.5 896.4 1,756.9 136.8 891.3 85.7 5.3 42.4 93.2 5.5 44.6 84.7 5.3 40.6 5.0 3.9 4.8 5.3 4.0 5.0 4.8 3.9 4.6 1,801.4 233.9 437.9 75.0 283.6 119.2 103.1 1,834.5 236.7 447.2 79.0 286.1 118.8 107.1 1,828.2 234.9 446.5 77.2 285.4 119.2 104.7 67.3 12.1 14.0 3.1 10.4 2.9 5.6 92.7 14.3 20.5 4.5 14.2 4.1 7.6 94.1 15.0 20.1 4.7 14.7 4.1 8.4 3.7 5.2 3.2 4.1 3.7 2.5 5.4 5.1 6.0 4.6 5.7 5.0 3.4 7.1 5.1 6.4 4.5 6.1 5.1 3.4 8.0 366.5 314.2 367.6 317.1 365.1 313.7 16.4 17.2 12.8 12.1 16.8 16.4 4.5 5.5 3.5 3.8 4.6 5.2 District of Columbia Washington 318.1 2,282.4 299.1 2,226.4 304.7 2,260.1 16.6 59.3 21.4 72.8 21.1 73.3 5.2 2.6 7.2 3.3 6.9 3.2 Florida1 Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Fort Myers-Cape Coral Gainesville Jacksonville Lakeland-Winter Haven Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach 6,344.3 160.4 660.6 148.3 108.5 466.7 183.5 194.9 965.4 634.4 151.5 125.4 135.7 1,019.1 424.1 6,362.2 156.7 663.0 155.1 106.7 460.3 184.6 193.6 960.3 631.8 149.2 124.5 136.5 1,008.9 429.4 6,424.9 159.3 668.2 158.1 108.2 467.3 184.5 197.7 971.2 640.1 149.7 125.8 136.6 1,023.8 433.6 382.8 9.3 33.9 6.1 3.5 27.8 19.5 10.2 63.9 35.0 9.3 4.8 6.6 53.4 30.1 419.9 9.0 40.7 6.8 3.9 27.7 21.6 11.2 71.3 36.2 10.5 5.7 7.1 57.5 32.6 394.6 8.4 37.4 7.2 3.7 26.1 21.3 10.8 63.9 34.7 8.6 5.4 5.5 54.5 31.7 6.0 5.8 5.1 4.1 3.2 6.0 10.6 5.2 6.6 5.5 6.1 3.8 4.8 5.2 7.1 6.6 5.7 6.1 4.4 3.6 6.0 11.7 5.8 7.4 5.7 7.0 4.6 5.2 5.7 7.6 6.1 5.3 5.6 4.6 3.4 5.6 11.6 5.5 6.6 5.4 5.8 4.3 4.1 5.3 7.3 Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa Alaska California1 Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach1 Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Delaware Wilmington See footnotes at end of table. 144 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Percent of labor force Number State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990? 188.9 3.8 4.1 79.4 9.7 6.6 6.9 5.8 5.5 7.7 4.3 4.8 5.1 5.6 4.7 5.0 5.9 7.5 4.9 5.5 5.1 6.7 5.4 5.8 5.8 7.2 5.3 5.1 5.0 6.6 5.1 5.0 15.6 10.3 15.3 10.0 2.2 1.9 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.6 22.5 3.3 27.4 4.0 28.0 4.0 4.5 2.9 5.3 3.5 5.5 3.5 6,173.6 188.0 74.9 91.6 3,389.2 188.2 62.0 209.8 47.9 315.6 166.8 159.2 116.4 324.2 8.6 3.3 3.2 166.9 11.2 4.1 12.1 3.2 9.5 8.8 11.2 4.5 369.6 10.6 3.0 3.4 197.9 10.0 4.4 14.1 3.2 11.7 9.6 9.9 5.1 387.2 11.0 2.9 3.7 207.4 10.7 4.4 14.0 3.4 12.7 10.2 13.4 4.9 5.4 4.7 4.4 3.6 5.0 5.9 6.7 5.9 7.0 3.1 5.3 7.1 3.9 6.1 5.7 4.1 3.8 5.9 5.4 7.3 6.8 6.7 3.8 5.9 6.3 4.5 6.3 5.8 3.9 4.1 6.1 5.7 7.2 6.7 7.1 4.0 6.1 8.4 4.2 2,904.2 59.3 59.8 100.7 149.1 211.4 265.9 693.9 48.8 69.0 60.4 134.9 59.6 2,854.3 58.7 58.6 98.5 146.9 205.2 258.7 694.2 48.0 67.5 58.4 133.4 58.9 116.4 3.9 1.3 4.2 5.6 7.0 10.0 23.9 4.5 1.6 2.3 6.9 2.2 145.8 3.2 2.0 5.3 7.7 11.5 15.9 26.5 2.6 1.8 3.3 7.5 2.7 146.1 3.8 1.8 4.6 6.6 9.5 13.7 32.4 2.8 1.9 2.9 7.6 2.6 4.0 6.3 2.2 4.2 3.8 3.3 3.8 3.4 8.8 2.3 4.0 5.1 3.6 5.0 5.5 3.4 5.3 5.1 5.4 6.0 3.8 5.4 2.6 5.5 5.5 4.6 5.1 6.5 3.1 4.7 4.5 4.6 5.3 4.7 5.7 2.8 4.9 5.7 4.5 1,533.3 98.4 241.3 45.1 59.6 61.4 71.7 1,512.6 96.4 234.2 42.9 62.3 60.1 70.8 1,525.1 98.4 237.8 43.8 63.6 60.9 72.4 61.7 3.2 8.4 2.2 1.0 2.5 3.4 58.3 5.0 7.5 2.1 1.0 2.6 3.2 60.1 4.9 7.2 2.1 1.2 2.4 3.2 4.0 3.3 3.5 4.9 1.6 4.1 4.7 3.9 5.1 3.2 5.0 1.6 4.3 4.5 3.9 5.0 3.0 4.8 1.9 4.0 4.4 Kansas Lawrence Topeka Wichita 1,316.1 41.5 94.3 261.1 1,342.0 43.2 95.7 261.1 1,340.8 43.5 95.8 262.7 47.2 1.3 3.7 10.2 50.6 1.6 3.9 10.2 50.3 1.6 4.1 10.4 3.6 3.2 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 4.3 4.0 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 1,798.3 206.1 534.2 47.1 1,811.5 208.5 539.7 46.7 1,799.4 207.6 531.7 46.3 106.9 7.5 24.1 2.9 107.2 7.6 29.5 2.7 90.4 6.3 21.4 2.1 5.9 3.6 4.5 6.2 5.9 3.7 5.5 5.9 5.0 3.1 4.0 4.6 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Lake Charles Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 1,939.3 60.6 276.1 70.8 101.6 79.4 70.9 603.3 159.8 1,921.6 59.2 276.6 72.1 102.2 78.4 68.7 596.9 158.4 1,945.6 59.6 280.7 73.1 105.1 78.6 70.3 605.8 158.7 166.1 5.3 21.0 5.3 7.4 6.5 5.6 47.1 13.8 134.4 4.3 17.5 4.0 5.4 5.6 4.5 39.7 10.9 121.0 4.0 15.7 3.5 4.9 5.3 4.2 35.1 9.6 8.6 8.8 7.6 7.4 7.3 8.1 7.9 7.8 8.7 7.0 7.2 6.3 5.6 5.3 7.2 6.5 6.6 6.9 6.2 6.7 5.6 4.8 4.6 6.8 6.0 5.8 6.1 637.0 42.6 132.9 640.2 43.2 134.7 644.9 42.5 134.5 23.7 2.8 2.3 26.0 2.4 4.0 27.1 2.9 3.8 3.7 6.6 1.7 4.1 5.7 3.0 4.2 6.9 2.8 July 1989 June 1990 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 3,211.9 52.9 76.9 1,514.7 190.0 99.6 133.4 113.5 3,231.7 53.4 79.2 1,531.2 190.3 97.5 132.7 114.4 3,277.6 53.1 78.5 1,552.4 193.6 99.7 134.4 115.9 177.7 4.1 3.3 72.0 9.6 5.5 6.3 5.7 190.5 4.0 3.9 83.7 9.7 6.5 7.2 6.6 Hawaii Honolulu 527.0 386.0 541.3 397.4 539.5 393.5 11.5 7.4 Idaho Boise City 494.2 111.7 512.2 117.2 505.7 115.3 Illinois1 Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 6,060.7 183.6 75.0 90.0 3,328.0 188.4 60.7 207.4 46.4 301.8 164.7 157.1 115.2 6,058.6 185.9 73.6 90.8 3,326.7 184.4 61.0 208.7 47.6 308.6 163.5 157.4 114.8 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Kokomo Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 2,923.0 61.2 59.6 99.7 148.9 208.6 266.3 711.6 50.7 67.8 58.2 134.5 60.0 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Iowa City Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls Georgia Albany Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland July 1990P See footnotes at end of table. 145 STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Percent of labor force Number State and area July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Maryland Baltimore 2,608.0 1,240.0 2,551.7 1,219.2 2,599.5 1,243.6 93.4 48.4 100.7 52.6 Massachusetts1 Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 3,257.1 1,594.6 102.6 79.6 49.0 192.8 155.0 89.2 42.2 261.3 223.6 3,232.9 1,578.9 102.9 80.8 50.1 197.2 157.4 88.5 42.5 257.4 226.0 3,223.7 1,570.9 150.9 63.5 5.8 6.6 3.3 189.0 80.2 7.6 7.0 4.3 256.9 226.7 11.8 8.4 6.3 2.0 12.7 10.0 15.3 11.1 7.3 2.5 15.0 14.4 Michigan1 Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 4,646.1 157.1 65.2 80.1 2,216.5 188.4 369.8 65.4 118.8 241.2 68.8 184.9 4,664.5 163.5 66.5 80.2 2,200.0 184.9 380.7 67.0 119.2 243.7 69.5 190.0 4,689.2 161.3 340.1 7.0 363.3 8.5 66.7 4.9 5.6 167.6 24.2 20.7 4.2 6.2 349.4 7.4 5.3 6.4 164.6 16.1 182.2 26.6 5.3 6.8 14.3 5.7 13.5 25.9 5.4 7.0 14.6 7.1 14.0 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St.Paul Rochester St. Cloud 2,362.4 108.1 1,415.5 63.4 96.6 2,403.2 110.8 1,425.9 64.0 103.4 2,423.2 112.2 1,448.0 65.3 102.1 96.2 5.5 52.4 1.9 4.0 101.0 5.8 55.5 1.8 5.0 111.6 Mississippi Jackson 1,195.4 207.1 1,201.1 211.9 1,201.0 209.9 96.3 11.5 Missouri Kansas City St. Louis LMA Springfield 2,670.2 869.4 1,299.3 129.1 2,678.1 880.3 1,285.1 127.6 2,637.5 877.3 1,286.1 126.9 Montana 415.4 410.7 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 819.0 124.9 331.3 Nevada Las Vegas Reno New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester New Jersey1 Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .... Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe See footnotes at end of table. 146 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 117.5 61.6 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.5 5.0 209.5 87.3 8.3 9.7 4.6 15.8 11.8 4.6 4.0 5.7 8.3 6.7 6.1 5.4 7.1 4.7 4.9 4.5 5.8 5.1 7.4 8.7 8.5 7.8 7.0 8.3 5.9 5.8 6.4 6.5 5.6 8.1 11.9 9.7 8.0 7.7 7.3 4.4 7.5 7.0 7.6 12.8 5.6 6.4 5.2 6.0 8.2 7.3 7.5 4.5 8.0 8.0 7.5 8.7 6.8 8.0 5.8 6.0 10.2 7.4 7.7 5.3 7.6 7.1 8.2 8.6 7.0 7.9 5.7 6.0 9.8 6.9 2.1 5.1 4.1 5.1 3.7 3.0 4.2 4.2 5.2 3.9 2.9 4.8 4.6 5.2 4.3 3.3 5.0 98.4 12.4 96.5 11.7 8.1 5.6 8.2 5.9 8.0 5.6 139.0 37.4 68.0 5.4 136.6 38.9 72.3 5.3 152.8 39.7 78.0 5.6 5.2 4.3 5.2 4.2 5.1 4.4 5.6 4.1 5.8 4.5 6.1 4.4 408.9 21.5 22.8 20.7 5.2 5.5 5.1 858.5 129.5 337.0 863.2 129.7 342.0 25.4 3.7 11.5 17.3 2.1 8.6 19.3 2.6 9.2 3.1 3.0 3.5 2.0 1.6 2.6 2.2 2.0 2.7 602.6 357.6 136.6 624.8 377.7 136.7 636.0 385.3 138.1 30.5 18.9 6.2 30.6 19.4 6.0 28.6 18.0 5.6 5.1 5.3 4.6 4.9 5.1 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.1 622.0 86.3 98.2 139.1 635.5 89.4 101.8 134.5 634.3 88.8 99.0 133.3 22.6 3.0 3.4 4.2 38.9 5.9 7.2 5.7 36.3 5.0 6.7 5.9 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.0 6.1 6.6 7.1 4.2 5.7 5.6 6.8 4.5 4,025.6 193.8 708.0 273.4 568.3 504.0 964.0 169.9 58.8 4,082.9 195.7 719.2 276.1 575.0 505.5 981.5 173.9 60.5 4,134.3 204.4 724.5 278.2 581.0 518.8 995.8 173.6 61.7 183.0 9.3 30.5 19.4 19.2 20.2 46.5 6.6 4.4 191.4 9.3 30.6 20.0 20.3 21.8 49.9 6.6 4.4 211.8 9.6 33.1 21.2 25.0 24.2 57.0 7.7 4.8 4.5 4.8 4.3 7.1 3.4 4.0 4.8 3.9 7.5 4.7 4.8 4.3 7.2 3.5 4.3 5.1 3.8 7.2 5.1 4.7 4.6 7.6 4.3 4.7 5.7 4.5 7.8 705.4 269.1 58.2 70.2 712.9 266.6 61.1 71.4 711.2 265.7 47.6 14.3 4.3 3.0 53.0 16.0 5.1 2.9 46.4 14.7 4.3 2.6 6.7 5.3 7.4 4.2 7.4 6.0 8.4 4.1 6.5 5.5 7.4 3.6 102.9 81.2 47.7 197.9 154.1 88.8 42.8 79.9 2,218.7 185.2 381.8 66.9 119.5 239.5 70.4 190.4 58.8 72.3 July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 9.0 2.7 16.6 15.4 5.1 5.7 16.0 14.3 6.9 13.1 5.8 61.8 10.2 6.3 6.4 6.8 STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force June 1990 July 1990P 458.9 15.2 4.7 22.5 1.7 2.5 60.1 261.8 238.0 6.1 4.0 19.3 11.9 5.7 4.6 3.7 4.4 5.7 3.7 4.4 4.2 5.0 5.3 4.6 3.0 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.7 3.3 3.9 4.4 4.1 4.8 3.8 5.5 6.0 4.4 3.0 3.6 3.8 4.0 5.2 3.3 3.8 4.7 3.8 4.2 4.1 6.5 7.2 4.3 3.0 3.7 3.6 4.0 131.7 2.8 23.2 19.1 9.9 157.3 3.2 26.1 22.6 11.8 3.3 2.3 3.1 3.3 2.5 3.8 3.0 3.5 3.7 2.3 4.5 3.3 3.9 4.4 2.7 12.6 1.6 2.1 1.5 13.8 1.9 2.2 1.5 13.1 1.8 2.2 1.6 3.7 3.3 2.4 4.0 4.1 3.9 2.5 4.2 3.9 3.7 2.5 4.5 5,472.1 337.6 195.2 799.8 967.8 743.3 479.6 316.3 222.4 273.3 15.1 11.5 33.6 40.8 31.5 22.2 17.1 13.4 301.5 16.6 12.8 35.1 45.3 32.2 25.1 21.2 14.1 278.2 16.2 10.6 31.6 42.1 30.9 22.0 18.6 16.9 5.0 4.5 5.8 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.6 5.4 6.0 5.5 5.0 6.5 4.4 4.7 4.3 5.2 6.6 6.2 5.1 4.8 5.4 4.0 4.3 4.2 4.6 5.9 7.6 1,577.1 28.7 50.6 521.2 360.5 1,586.7 29.0 50.8 529.6 367.6 83.7 1.2 2.3 22.5 19.2 76.2 1.0 2.5 23.0 17.5 75.5 1.1 2.3 23.1 16.8 5.3 4.0 4.5 4.4 5.4 4.8 3.6 5.0 4.4 4.9 4.8 3.7 4.5 4.4 4.6 1,511.2 147.9 685.4 142.1 1,510.9 150.0 685.5 144.7 1,511.1 149..1 689.1 143.6 84.6 8.4 31.1 7.7 79.0 8.5 28.5 7.5 86.4 8.6 32.2 7.7 5.6 5.7 4.5 5.4 5.2 5.6 4.2 5.2 5.7 5.8 4.7 5.4 5,920.8 328.2 61.0 59.9 134.1 337.8 97.8 228.2 2,440.6 991.7 177.9 369.8 50.7 65.5 60.8 224.1 5,974.3 335.8 62.9 60.5 135.8 345.7 96.6 228.7 2,461.3 1,004.3 181.3 370.9 52.5 65.6 61.7 226.2 5,974.1 333.7 63.5 60.2 136.8 346.6 97.7 228.6 2,460.3 998.1 179.3 374.9 53.1 67.0 61.6 225.2 277.2 15.5 3.7 4.6 6.5 13.0 7.9 8.0 100.2 45.6 7.0 22.0 2.3 2.8 3.4 9.2 295.9 17.4 3.9 4.3 6.7 14.8 6.9 9.1 110.6 44.2 8.7 23.2 2.6 3.3 3.8 10.3 309.9 18.9 4.9 4.5 6.9 14.4 7.4 9.4 116.6 40.8 9.3 26.4 2.8 3.7 3.4 10.8 4.7 4.7 6.0 7.6 4.8 3.9 8.1 3.5 4.1 4.6 3.9 6.0 4.6 4.3 5.6 4.1 5.0 5.2 6.2 7.2 4.9 4.3 7.1 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.8 6.3 4.9 5.0 6.1 4.6 5.2 5.7 7.7 7.5 5.0 4.2 7.6 4.1 4.7 4.1 5.2 7.0 5.3 5.5 5.5 4.8 532.7 167.9 348.1 524.9 167.0 343.1 526.0 165.8 342.6 21.4 8.2 13.6 34.1 12.2 21.8 37.4 13.8 23.6 4.0 4.9 3.9 6.5 7.3 6.3 7.1 8.4 6.9 1,700.1 225.7 234.9 337.5 1,784.3 246.6 245.6 356.2 1,770.9 247.4 244.9 356.7 81.0 9.3 8.1 13.5 87.1 9.3 9.2 15.1 93.3 8.8 9.4 15.7 4.8 4.1 3.5 4.0 4.9 3.8 3.7 4.2 5.3 3.5 3.8 4.4 367.9 41.2 74.5 365.5 39.9 73.6 369.1 40.5 74.7 14.7 1.4 2.6 14.4 1.3 2.4 14.5 1.3 2.0 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.3 3.2 3.9 3.2 2.7 June 1990 July 1990p New York1 Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Glens Falls Nassau-Suffolk New York New York City1 Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Syracuse Utica-Rome 8,856.5 447.7 128.1 476.7 45.1 59.7 1,475.9 4,029.8 3,322.2 141.5 132.6 523.9 327.8 143.1 8,808.2 443.7 124.5 468.1 45.0 57.0 1,448.0 4,049.3 3,357.0 139.9 130.2 517.8 325.4 140.1 8,874.3 453.7 126.3 479.2 45.9 60.3 1,473.5 4,017.1 3,301.0 142.0 133.0 526.0 332.4 143.4 411.2 16.6 5.6 27.1 1.7 2.6 61.8 200.7 175.8 6.5 3.9 19.4 12.9 5.9 413.4 14.6 4.9 20.8 1.8 2.7 54.6 223.3 201.0 6.1 3.9 18.5 12.4 5.5 North Carolina1 Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point . Raleigh-Durham 3,471.0 92.9 661.7 526.7 431.9 3,471.0 95.9 667.3 520.1 423.5 3,493.5 96.5 670.3 517.0 429.6 114.0 2.1 20.2 17.3 10.9 345.0 49.0 88.3 37.1 335.3 48.4 87.8 36.1 334.6 48.3 88.1 36.0 Ohio1 Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren 5,483.1 335.3 197.4 792.9 967.2 735.9 479.7 317.3 220.9 5,480.7 335.3 196.1 799.2 962.5 744.2 481.9 319.9 225.7 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa 1,568.4 29.1 50.6 516.9 354.4 Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem Pennsylvania1 Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Sharon State College Williamsport York Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls July 1990? July 1989 July 1989 North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks Percent of labor force Number State and area July 1989 June 1990 See footnotes at end of table. 147 STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 2,405.4 211.4 218.6 297.3 471.8 534.3 2,415.9 211.3 221.9 289.9 471.8 535.9 2,447.7 214.6 226.5 293.4 479.3 541.6 123.1 10.2 10.6 14.7 21.0 19.0 130.2 10.4 10.3 14.5 24.0 24.1 Texas1 Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Fort Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria Waco Wichita Falls 8,583.0 52.8 100.0 435.7 166.7 87.0 106.3 60.5 161.2 1,471.4 255.0 740.1 114.6 1,721.4 100.0 52.5 82.7 117.1 152.4 50.7 53.2 46.2 624.6 47.9 58.8 77.1 36.3 94.3 57.9 8,548.8 51.7 98.4 435.1 166.4 88.2 110.0 59.3 159.7 1,457.2 257.1 742.3 113.8 1,723.3 101.3 53.6 81.0 114.7 162.3 49.5 51.1 44.8 618.2 47.0 58.0 75.6 36.6 95.8 56.8 8,527.9 52.4 97.9 429.4 166.0 87.9 109.3 60.8 159.5 1,458.6 256.6 739.2 113.9 1,728.3 100.5 53.6 81.2 115.6 156.0 49.6 51.3 44.3 615.6 47.1 57.5 75.4 37.1 93.9 56.2 616.3 3.8 5.9 26.7 16.3 6.6 13.3 3.0 14.3 87.3 27.5 43.5 8.9 110.5 7.8 6.0 7.5 7.2 25.3 3.5 4.9 2.7 49.9 3.0 4.4 5.9 2.4 5.9 3.8 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Odgen 797.9 110.2 519.0 796.6 113.4 512.0 799.0 114.1 516.0 Vermont Burlington 313.5 79.5 313.5 80.2 Virginia Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 3,221.1 71.4 52.1 73.8 638.2 464.7 124.5 Washington Seattle West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Sheboygan Wausau Wyoming Casper July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P July 1989 June 1990 July 1990P 122.6 10.0 9.8 12.6 20.6 20.0 5.1 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.4 3.6 5.4 4.9 4.7 5.0 5.1 4.5 5.0 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.3 3.7 539.1 3.2 5.3 21.4 13.3 4.8 12.7 2.3 11.2 77.6 27.6 42.5 8.3 93.7 7.2 5.4 5.9 6.3 25.6 2.8 3.5 2.8 44.7 2.5 3.7 4.8 1.8 6.9 3.8 537.6 4.2 5.3 21.1 13.0 5.2 12.7 2.3 11.3 77.6 27.4 39.7 8.3 94.9 6.8 5.1 5.8 6.3 25.2 2.9 3.4 2.6 45.3 2.5 3.9 4.8 2.0 6.0 3.6 7.2 7.1 5.9 6.1 9.8 7.6 12.5 5.0 8.9 5.9 10.8 5.9 7.7 6.4 7.8 11.5 9.1 6.2 16.6 6.8 9.3 5.9 8.0 6.2 7.5 7.7 6.6 6.2 6.6 6.3 6.2 5.4 4.9 8.0 5.5 11.5 3.9 7.0 5.3 10.7 5.7 7.3 5.4 7.1 10.0 7.2 5.5 15.7 5.6 6.8 6.2 7.2 5.2 6.4 6.4 4.9 7.2 6.6 6.3 8.0 5.4 4.9 7.8 5.9 11.6 3.8 7.1 5.3 10.7 5.4 7.3 5.5 6.8 9.5 7.2 5.4 16.2 5.9 6.5 6.0 7.4 5.3 6.7 6.4 5.4 6.4 6.3 35.6 4.8 21.8 38.6 4.9 24.2 35.4 4.3 22.2 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.8 4.3 4.7 4.4 3.8 4.3 310.6 80.0 11.4 2.3 13.8 2.4 14.0 2.6 3.6 2.9 4.4 3.0 4.5 3.2 3,194.8 73.6 51.9 74.1 633.4 456.8 121.6 3,231.2 73.8 51.9 73.7 641.2 464.7 124.4 106.8 1.4 3.0 2.7 24.0 14.6 4.3 133.8 1.9 4.0 3.4 31.4 18.7 3.7 122.2 1.6 3.6 3.0 27.7 15.6 3.9 3.3 2.0 5.7 3.7 3.8 3.2 3.5 4.2 2.6 7.7 4.5 5.0 4.1 3.1 3.8 2.1 6.9 4.1 4.3 3.4 3.1 2,475.3 1,111.6 2,564.1 1,147.7 2,548.2 1,139.0 152.4 52.8 122.5 41.0 128.1 42.0 6.2 4.8 4.8 3.6 5.0 3.7 778.9 118.2 132.4 73.5 73.7 777.8 121.5 132.3 73.6 74.1 780.8 121.5 132.7 74.5 72.2 58.6 6.2 7.9 3.8 4.0 52.0 6.4 8.0 4.2 4.0 55.9 6.2 8.1 4.4 3.6 7.5 5.2 6.0 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.2 6.1 5.8 5.4 7.2 5.1 6.1 5.9 5.0 2,650.8 176.4 75.8 111.5 75.5 54.5 54.6 227.9 777.5 93.5 61.5 66.2 2,604.9 174.5 75.2 113.4 72.6 52.5 53.0 224.4 776.7 92.3 59.8 64.9 2,617.6 174.7 75.2 111.0 74.6 52.8 53.3 228.0 773.6 91.8 61.6 65.7 103.2 6.4 2.6 4.0 4.5 4.6 2.0 5.3 27.6 4.5 2.4 2.4 106.7 8.0 3.1 4.1 3.2 2.9 1.7 5.1 33.4 4.1 2.2 2.4 92.5 6.1 2.5 3.4 4.5 3.3 1.7 4.5 25.9 3.4 2.8 2.1 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.6 6.0 8.4 3.7 2.3 3.5 4.8 3.9 3.7 4.1 4.6 4.1 3.6 4.5 5.6 3.2 2.3 4.3 4.4 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.0 6.0 6.2 3.2 2.0 3.4 3.8 4.5 3.2 244.7 30.5 249.0 31.0 247.8 30.3 15.4 2.3 9.6 1.3 8.9 1.3 6.3 7.4 3.9 4.3 3.6 4.2 1 Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data. P = preliminary. NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1989 have been benchmarked to 1989 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the 148 Percent of labor force Number State and area 11 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1990 are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. Explanatory Notes Introduction The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from employers. Data based on household interviews are obtained from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force. The information is collected by trained interviewers from a sample of about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the month. Data based on establishment records are compiled each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a sample of over 340,000 establishments employing over 40 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time, who receive pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th day of the month. RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND ESTABLISHMENT SERIES The household and establishment data supplement one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports. Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two series are as follows. Employment Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private household workers), self-employed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments. Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their names appear on payrolls. Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not at work during the survey week—that is, were not working but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they were taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period. For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969. Hours of work The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by 149 employers. In the household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period. compensation but are classified as employed rather than unemployed in the household survey. For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Earnings Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are counted more than once if they work on more than one farm during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two series. The household survey measures median earnings of wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey generally refer to average earnings of production and related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113. COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH OTHER SERIES Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from the household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government employees. In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment 150 COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts of an establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS statistics. County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities. Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are covered by the unemployment insurance programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics. Household Data (A tables) COLLECTION AND COVERAGE Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2307. These monthly surveys of the population are conducted through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week. Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and are excluded from the population and labor force statistics shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor force," and "total employment," are obtained from the Department of Defense. Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for interview. About 2,600 of these households are visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average month which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are as follows: Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons, whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total. Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around the house (painting, repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar organizations. Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment some time during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed. Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and median duration are computed from a distribution of single weeks of unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who n^ver worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers. Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific 151 efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going to a public or private employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of the ' 'other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point. The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above. The labor force also includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. The overall unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc. Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups, often cross-classified by other demographic characteristics such as race and educational attainment. Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total employment-population ratio is total employment, including the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional population. Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further classified as engaged in own home housework, in school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because they believed that no jobs were available in the area or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify— discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are also classified as not in labor force. For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the 152 time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969, these questions were asked in those households entering the sample for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming" groups. Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request. The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary workers subdivided into private and government workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a business operated by a member of the household to whom they are related by birth or marriage. Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full or part time) and by their reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home or school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually work full time. Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours- worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute. Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time work, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time. Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor force which are based on the type of job—full or part t i m e that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons working part time but who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status; and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules. Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that: (1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they worked. White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population group. Because of their relatively small sample size, data for "other" races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent. Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and black population groups. Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served in the Armed Forces. Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses to the question ''How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually work full time on their sole or primary job. Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values above the median and the other having values below the median. The medians as shown in this publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval within which each median falls. Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other marital status are terms used to define the marital status of individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were reported as members of the same household even though one may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart because either the husband or the wife was employed and living away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a different place of residence for any reason. A household consists of all persons—related family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple families but relates only to persons in families maintained by either men or women without a spouse. Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all such persons are considered as members of one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The 153 count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a household but not related to the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces. Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which vary by family size and number of children. While poverty areas have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor. The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30, 1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in 'The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total territory outside MSA's. The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census, comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living in the rural portions of extended cities; (2) other territories, incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the rural population. HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY Change in lower age limit The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force, employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New Definitions for Employment and 154 Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force, February 1967. Noncomparability of labor force levels In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2) Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the 1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4) Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected. In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men— particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings. Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in the other population. Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings. Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates. Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of Employment and Earnings. Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates used in the second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used is also described in the February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users should make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons. Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only slight differences between the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates. Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were revised back to January 1980. Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of labor force characteristics appears in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this publication. Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio estimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent with published age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no effect on national estimates. Changes in the occupational and industrial classification system Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment and Earnings. 155 Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982. The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with other data sources, the new system is so radically different in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from "clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm." The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification system (SIC), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from "public administration" to "transportation," and some interchange between "professional and related services" and "public administration." Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. Changes in the sample design Since the inception of the survey, there have been various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates. One major change made after every decennial census is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in which a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major portion of the sample from census address lists was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia 156 and designed to provide more reliable annual average estimates for States, was incorporated into the design. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construction housing units, was included in computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of mobile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973. Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was selected based on 1980 cenus information, providing an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design and increase the reliability for State estimates. Sample households are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973 geographic areas in the United States. This current number of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new definitions and the introduction of the new sample.) A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they were reinstated during the 8-month period, April-November 1989. Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics. ESTIMATING METHODS Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for a given month become available simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same State have the same probability of selection. These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the ratio estimation procedure is applied. 1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied sample households for which no information was Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date Time period Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954 Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956 May 1956 to Dec. 1959 Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963 Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966 Jan. 1967 to July 1971 Aug. 1971 to July 1972 Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977 Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979 Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981 May 1981 to Dec. 1984 Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988 Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989 Nov. 1989 to present3 Number of sample areas 68 230 1330 2333 357 449 449 461 614 629 629 729 729 729 Households eligible Interviewed 21,000 21,000 33,500 33,500 33,500 48,000 45,000 45,000 53,500 62,200 57,800 57,000 53,200 57,400 Not interviewed 500-1,000 500-1,000 1,500 1,500 1,500 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,500 2,800 2,500 2,500 2,600 2,600 Households visited but not eligible 3,000-3,500 3,000-3,500 6,000 6,000 6,000 8,500 8,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 11,000 11,000 11,500 11.800_ 1 Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia. 2 Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii after statehood. 3 The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989. obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized by ''central city" and "balance of the MSA." Residence categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural." The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc. b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to the distribution of independent current estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia to an independent control for the population 16 years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step, a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black categories contain 38 and 24 agesex groups respectively; the other races category has 4 agesex cells. The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times, each time beginning at the weights developed the previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of the population for both State and national agesex-race-origin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in January 1985 and August 1989. The nature and effect of the 1985 changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings. The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of the population using the two most recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as a last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For a description of the methodology used in developing the State total, see Report 957 of that series. A description of the age 2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio estimates as follows: a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which represent only themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution of the population in sample areas and the known race distribution of the State. 157 estimates methodology is available in Report 1010 of that series. Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic deaths and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex. During the period from January 1982 to December 1984, the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflationdeflation" method, the independent controls are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex, and race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method. Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the method is important since the. exact amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains unknown. Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel overseas from the Department of Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total population, including Armed Forces overseas for the estimate date. All computations described above are performed in cells defined by single year of age, race, and sex. The independent national control totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age groups for the population 16 years and older. Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. 158 For the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreignborn residents has been incorporated into the post-censal population estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings. 3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is used which takes account of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as the sample results for the current month. Also included is an additional term which is an estimate of the net difference between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are improved by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also improved, but to a lesser extent. Rounding of estimates The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant. Reliability of the estimates There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not measure any systematic biases in the data. Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more severely affected by the nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage). Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other results may be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in "The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975. Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census. Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of errors, and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS. Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average of all possible samples with a known probability. For example, if all possible samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then: 1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. 2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6 standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate would include the average of all possible samples. 3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors are computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided give an indication of the order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate rather than the precise standard error. Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent months. Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-tomonth change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of 159 Table B. Standard errors for major employment status categories (in thousands) Standard error of— Employment status, sex, age, and race Total, 16 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Men, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Women, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Both sexes, 16 to 19 years: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Black, 16 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Men, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Women, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Both sexes, 16 to 19 years: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Monthly level Month-tomonth change (consecutive months only) 275 293 136 212 224 140 173 186 93 151 163 95 211 212 83 155 160 87 88 92 59 94 102 66 94 104 68 73 79 71 59 64 44 51 57 47 76 76 45 50 54 48 36 33 30 40 38 33 change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period, they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings data. Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated. Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000, an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 174,000. The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data is from 11,826,000 to 12,174,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average estimate derived from all possible samples Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics Standard error of— Standard error of— Characteristic Characteristic Monthly level Total (all civilian workers) Men, 20 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years White workers Black workers Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Full-time workers Part-time workers Unemployed 15 weeks and over 0.11 .15 .16 .67 .11 .51 .15 .19 .12 .34 .06 Consecutivemonth change 0.12 .15 .17 .81 .12 .54 .17 .21 .12 .42 .07 Occupation Executive, administrative, and managerial . . . Professional specialty Technicians and related support Sales Administrative support, including clerical . . . . Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 160 .22 .19 .47 .29 .23 1.18 .76 .24 .21 .52 .33 .26 1.33 .85 .39 .43 Monthly level Occupation—Continued Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing Consecutivemonth change 0.32 0.36 .49 .59 .55 .66 .72 .68 .82 .76 .12 1.63 .65 .26 .33 .42 .13 1.86 .75 .29 .37 .47 .42 .27 .20 .23 1.16 .48 .30 .22 .25 1.32 Industry Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and services Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers lies within a range computed in this way would be correct for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 129,000. Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000. Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base. The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator of the percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the numerator of the percentage. Illustration. Assume that in a given month 2.9 percent of a total of 112,440,000 employed persons are employed in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 2.9 percent with a base of 112,440,000 is obtained from table H (0.08 percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on the estimated 2.9 percent is then approximately 0.08x 1.26 = 0.10 percentage point. Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for estimates of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate, or Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level (in thousands) Characteristic1 Unemployment Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment Estimated monthly level Agricultural employment 50 100 500 1,000 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 100,000. . . . 120,000. . . . 140,000. . . . 15 21 47 66 93 131 159 182 202 Total or white Black Total or white Black 11 16 36 51 72 101 123 141 156 188 213 12 17 38 53 73 97 110 116 12 T7 37 52 74 104 126 145 '161 193 219 259 286 306 319 326 327 314 274 195 12 17 37 51 70 92 104 109 108 74 1 When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error Total or Total or Black men white men only, or white, 16 to Black, 16 to only, or 19 years women only 19 years women only 12 17 36 50 68 86 92 88 72 12 16 32 35 11 15 34 49 68 95 115 132 145 172 191 215 225 222 206 172 107 10 14 31 43 58 73 76 69 47 of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use the column for total employed. 161 Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change (in thousands) Characteristic1 Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment Unemployment Estimated monthly level Total or white 50 100 500 1,000 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 ...... 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 1 2 13 18 40 56 78 108 129 144 157 177 184 Both sexes 16 to 19 years, or part-time labor force2 14 20 45 63 89 124 150 Black percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then, after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the average or change. Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.2 percent, based on a total of 119,865,000 in the civilian labor force, and that a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 7.0 percent, based on a total of 117,834,000 in the civilian labor force for the month. First, the standard error on the average of the two estimates, 6.6 percent with a base of 118,850,000, is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given by 0.11 x 1.40 = 0.15 percentage point. The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula: Total or white 14 20 38 41 13 19 41 57 76 95 99 89 58 See footnote 1, table D. Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering 162 Black, 16 to 19 years Black 9 12 27 39 55 77 93 107 119 143 163 192 213 228 238 244 245 237 212 160 Total or white, Black, 16 to 16 to 19 years 19 years 14 20 43 59 80 100 104 94 65 12 27 38 52 68 78 82 81 59 14 19 37 39 the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of unemployment. Standard error of year-to-year change = X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the correlation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons (total, white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white, and black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics are 0.45 and 0.55. Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the 2,000,000 year-to-year change is: W (216,000) 2 + or about 259,000. (221,000) 2 -2(0.30) (216,000) (221,000), Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates Monthly unemployment rate (percent) Monthly base of unemployment rate (in thousands) 50 100. ... 500 .... 1,000 . . 2,000 . . 4,000 . . 6,000 . . 10,000 . 20,000 . 60,000 . 100,000 120,000 140,000 1 2.28 1.61 .72 .51 .36 .25 .21 .16 .11 .07 .05 .05 .04 3.20 2.26 1.01 .72 .51 .36 .29 .23 .16 .09 .07 .07 .06 4.98 3.52 1.58 1.11 .79 .56 .45 .35 .25 .14 .11 .10 .09 10 15 20 25 30 35 50 6.85 4.84 2.16 1.53 1.08 .77 .62 .48 .34 .20 .15 .14 .13 8.13 5.75 2.57 1.82 1.29 .91 .74 .58 .41 .24 .18 .17 .15 9.09 6.43 2.88 2.03 1.44 1.02 .83 .64 .45 .26 .20 .19 .17 9.82 6.94 3.11 2.20 1.55 1.10 .90 .69 .49 .28 .22 .20 .19 10.36 7.33 3.28 2.32 1.64 1.16 .95 .73 .52 .30 .23 .21 .20 10.75 7.60 3.40 2.40 1.70 1.20 .98 .76 .54 .31 .24 .22 .21 11.12 7.87 3.52 2.49 1.76 1.24 1.02 .79 .56 .32 .25 .23 .21 Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates Monthly unemployment rate (percent) Monthly base of unemployment rate (in thousands) 50 100.. . , 500 ... 1,000 .. 2,000 . . 4,000 . . 6,000 . . 10,000 . 20,000 . 60,000 . 100,000 120,000 140,000 2.53 1.79 .80 .57 .40 .28 .23 .18 .13 .07 .06 .05 .05 3.57 2.52 1.13 .80 .56 .40 .33 .25 .18 .10 .08 .07 .07 5.60 3.96 1.77 1.25 .88 .63 .51 .39 .28 .16 .12 .11 .10 10 15 20 25 30 35 50 7.83 5.53 2.47 1.75 1.23 .87 .71 .55 .38 .21 .15 .14 9.47 6.69 2.99 2.11 1.49 1.05 .86 .66 .46 .24 .17 .15 10.79 7.63 3.41 2.41 1.70 1.20 .97 .75 .51 .27 .18 11.91 8.42 3.76 265 1.87 1.32 1.07 .82 .56 .28 12.87 9.10 4.06 2.87 2.02 1.42 1.15 .88 .60 13.71 9.69 4.33 3.05 2.15 1.51 1.22 .93 .62 15.67 11.08 4.94 3.48 2.44 1.70 1.37 1.03 Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force data Percentage of monthly level Monthly base of percentages (in thousands) 50 100. . . . 500 . . . . 1,000 . . 2,000 . . 4,000 . . 6,000 . . 10,000 . 20,000 . 40,000 . 60,000 . 80,000 . 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 1 or 99 2.34 1.65 .74 .52 .37 .26 .21 .17 .12 .08 .07 .06 .05 .05 .04 .04 2 or! 3.29 2.33 1.04 .74 .52 .37 .30 .23 .16 .12 .10 .08 .07 .07 .06 .06 25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65 9.40 6.65 2.97 2.10 1.49 1.05 10.18 7.20 3.22 2.28 1.61 1.14 10.77 7.62 3.41 2.41 1.70 1.20 .86 .66 .47 .33 .27 .24 .21 .19 .18 .17 .93 .72 .51 .36 .29 .25 .23 .21 .19 .18 .98 .76 .54 .38 .31 .27 .24 .22 .20 .19 11.21 7.93 3.55 2.51 1.77 1.25 1.02 5 or 95 10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 5.12 3.62 1.62 1.15 .81 .57 .47 .36 .26 .18 .15 .13 .11 .10 .10 .09 7.05 4.99 2.23 1.58 1.12 .79 .64 .50 .35 .25 .20 .18 .16 .14 .13 .12 8.39 5.94 2.65 1.88 1.33 .94 .77 .59 .42 .30 .24 .21 .19 .17 .16 .15 .79 .56 .40 .32 .28 .25 .23 .21 .20 50 11.75 8.31 3.72 2.63 1.86 1.31 1.07 .83 .59 .42 .34 .29 .26 .24 .22 .21 NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic. 163 Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month change in percentages Factor Factor Characteristic Characteristic Agricultural employment: Total or full-time labor force Part-time labor force Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment: Total . . . . Men only Women only Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Part-time labor force Monthly level Month-tomonth change 1.26 1.26 1.05 1.50 .74 .84 .75 1.18 1.18 1.00 .93 .86 1.00 1.00 Monthly level Month-tomonth change 1.01 1.21 .97 .97 1.08 1.21 1.04 1.04 1.13 1.24 Unemployment: Part-time labor force, duration of unemployment, left last job, reentering labor force All other unemployment characteristics: Total or white: Total Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Black: Total Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and change in yearly averages Factor Characteristic Year-to-year change of monthly estimate Quarterly averages Change in quarterly averages Yearly averages Change in yearly averages 1.30 1.30 1.40 0.89 .83 .74 0.80 .80 .80 0.72 .58 .46 0.70 .70 .70 1.30 1.30 1.40 .88 .82 .74 .88 .88 .88 .67 .57 .46 .70 .70 .60 1.40 1.40 .76 .69 .88 .88 .50 .39 .65 .54 Agricultural employment: Total or men Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years) Part time Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment: Total or white Black or teenagers (16 to 19 years) Part time Unemployment: Total Part time . 164 Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data (In thousands) Characteristic Women Men Total Estimated quarterly level Total or full-time workers Total or full-time workers Part-time workers 10 . . . . 50 .... 75 .... 100 ... 150 ... 200 ... 250 ... 300 ... 500 ... 750 ... 1,000 . . 1,500. . 2,000 . . 2,500 . . 3,000 . . 5,000 . . 7,500 . . 10,000. 15,000. 20,000 . 25,000 . 30,000 . 40,000 . 50,000 . 75,000 . 100,000 5 11 13 15 19 22 24 26 34 42 48 59 68 76 83 107 130 149 180 205 226 224 273 296 331 343 Total or white 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 47 54 66 76 85 93 119 145 165 198 224 244 261 286 301 304 255 Part-time workers Black 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 46 53 63 72 79 85 100 107 102 102 5 11 13 15 19 22 24 26 34 42 48 59 68 75 82 105 127 144 187 192 207 219 233 Total White Black 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 47 54 66 76 84 92 117 140 157 183 199 209 212 201 160 160 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 47 54 66 76 84 92 116 138 155 179 193 199 198 174 100 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 29 37 45 50 59 65 69 71 64 64 Total, full-time, or part-time workers Total or white 5 11 13 15 19 22 24 26 34 42 48 59 68 75 82 105 127 145 173 195 211 224 242 249 Black 5 11 13 15 19 21 24 26 33 41 46 56 63 69 74 85 88 165 Establishment Data (Tables B-1 through C-8) COLLECTION Payroll reports provide current information on wage and salary employment, hours, and earnings in nonfarm establishments, by industry and geographic location. Historical statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States and Areas, and their supplements. Federal-State cooperation Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and, together with the use of similar estimating techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates. Shuttle schedules Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each month so that the next month's data can be entered on the space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that have been reported for previous months. Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. CONCEPTS Industrial classification Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the 166 industry indicated by the principal product or activity. All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual, Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which distinguish between private and public establishments, thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the private and government sector. Industry employment Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month. The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are also excluded. Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have not yet reported during the period. Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7). These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of the change in employment over the specified time span. Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series (three-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 three-digit industries. To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average value (mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number. The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent, the value which indicates that the same number of component industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing employment. The margin between the percent that increased and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30 percent more industries had increasing employment than had decreasing employment (65-(100-65)=30). However, for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant observation. Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as showing the percent of components that increased over the time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.) Industry hours and earnings Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries. Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the above production operations. Construction workers include the following employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades. Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, Group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded. Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which includes the 12th of the month for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm. Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component aggregates. Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month. Such factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on average hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a marked change in hours for a component 167 industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current months. Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions. Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (sic 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate the other average hourly earnings series. For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons who received the payment but left before the payment allocation period expired. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on 168 monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate. Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force. For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these industries and have affected the average weekly earnings series. Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are calculated from the earnings averages for the current month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). ESTIMATING METHODS The principal features of the procedure used to estimate employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional stratification. The "link relative" technique From a sample composed of establishments reporting for both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to most employment estimates each month. The size of the bias correction factors is determined from past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these factors are modified by changes in the sample link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of the general procedures are described in table L. a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an industry. Size and regional stratification Benchmark adjustments A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment, hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole industry or Employment estimates are compared periodically with benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the various nonfarm industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1989 levels. Benchmark adjustments are made annually. The primary sources of benchmark information are Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings Employment, hours, and earnings Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or region/size cell) Aggregate industry level (division and, where stratified, industry) Monthly data All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1 Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells. All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2 Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for component cells. Average weekly hours Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly hours for component cells. Average weekly overtime hours Production worker overtime hours divided by number of production workers.2 Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours for component cells. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker hours.2 Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. All employees Production or nonsupervisory workers, women employees Annual average data All employees, women employees, and production or nonsupervisory workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers. Average weekly overtime hours Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production worker employment multiplied by average weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours. Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual aggregate hours. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Average weekly earnings 1 The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample. 2 The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest sample average. 169 agencies from reports of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about 98 percent of employees on nonfarm payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government. The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March 1988 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M. Normally, data for all months since the last benchmark to which the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision. THE SAMPLE Design The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is known as " sampling proportionate to average size of establishment.'' This design is an optimum allocation design among strata since the sampling variance is proportional to the average size of establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is Table M. Comparison of nonfarm employment benchmarks and estimates for March 1989 Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government 1 1987 SICbased estimate Level Percent 107,026 107,073 -47 (1) 678 4,741 19,396 703 4,813 19,585 -25 -72 -189 -3.7 -1.5 -1.0 5,549 6,195 19,115 5,646 6,145 19,023 -97 50 92 -1.7 .8 .5 6,639 26,702 18,016 6,714 26,479 17,965 -75 223 46 -1.1 .8 .3 Benchmark Less than 0.05 percent. 170 Coverage The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. Table N shows the latest benchmarks and the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. Reliability (In thousands) industry included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for a complete census of the large establishments with only a few chosen from among the smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to design samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller samples (in terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates. In the context of the BLS establishment survey program, with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a somewhat late date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail. Difference Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate employment. This requires the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated error, the estimates are adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and Table N. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1989 Sample coverage1 Industry Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government: Federal State Local Benchmarks Number of (thousands) establishments Employees Number Percent of (thousands) benchmarks 107,026 282,003 39,158 37 678 4,741 19,396 3,352 27,194 51,253 261 948 9,377 38 20 48 14,673 25,311 55,477 22,149 1,120 4,136 39 18 22 6,639 26,702 21,001 63,877 2,139 6,184 32 23 2,976 4,257 10,778 (3) 4,437 15,428 2,976 3,207 6,661 100 75 62 5,549 6,195 19,115 2 1 Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Since not all establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates. 2 The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate hours and earnings data. 3 Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of 5,000 reports covering about 56 percent of employment in Federal establishments. in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are available from the Bureau upon request. The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major industries are presented in table O and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages that would have been obtained from a complete census. One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates for individual industries is the root-mean-square error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates: RMSE Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly earnings by industry (In percent) Industry Total Total private Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities . Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government3 Average benchmark revision in employment estimates1 Relative error2 Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings .2 2.6 1.4 .8 .6 .9 .7 1.1 .5 0.1 1.0 .2 .1 .1 .1 .7 .2 .2 0.2 1.3 .5 .2 .3 .2 .6 .4 .4 .5 .4 .4 .2 .4 .4 .6 0.2 • v = If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice the root-mean-square error. Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P. For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between benchmarks and estimates of employment and average relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly earnings 1 The average percent revision in employment for the 1985-89 benchmarks. Relative errors relate to 1982 data. 3 Data for government are based on a total count for Federal Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State and local government reports. 2 response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes (bias)2 (standard deviation)2 Size of employment estimate 50,000 100,000 200,000 500 000 1 000 000 2,000,000 1 2 Root-meansquare error of employment estimates1 2,100 3,900 5,600 14,000 15,000 26,000 Relative error2 (in percent) Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings 2.2 1.3 1.1 .9 .8 .5 4.0 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.2 .9 Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions. Relative errors relate to 1982 data. 171 the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings. STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Defini- tions for all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification. Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates Root-mean-square error of— Industry Monthly level Month-to-month change Total 76,100 75,200 Total private 59,700 57,100 Goods-producing industries 21,700 21,100 Mining Oil and gas extraction 3,700 3,100 3,400 2,800 13,800 5,200 14,600 5,400 .. 16,700 17,700 Durable goods Lumber and wood products . . . . Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products . Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment. Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing.... 12,600 2,100 1,600 1,500 4,000 11,600 1,900 1,600 1,500 3,800 3,000 2,200 2,700 2,100 5,600 6,600 4,200 7,200 6,000 2,000 1,800 4,100 6,700 6,100 2,100 1,600 8,300 5,200 1,400 1,800 8,200 4,900 1,300 1,600 4,300 1,500 4,000 1,400 Root-mean-square error of— Industry Monthly level Month-to-month change 2,100 2,600 1,200 2,000 2,800 1,200 1,600 1,400 1,600 1,300 71,200 69,300 14,500 12,600 5,500 12,900 10,500 4,900 7,800 5,600 4,900 7,100 4,900 4,300 35,200 22,300 7,000 30,800 19,800 6,100 4,000 8,800 4,900 7,700 8,000 4,000 3,600 4,300 6,700 3,500 3,000 3,800 Services Business services Health services 31,000 11,000 8,500 32,100 10,400 7,800 Government Federal State Local 51,900 16,100 20,800 35,600 45,800 11,600 16,900 36,200 Nondurable goods—Continued Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products . . Petroleum and coal products . . . Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products . . . Service-producing industries Construction General building contractors Manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communications and public utilities . Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real estate . . Finance Insurance Real estate NOTE: Data are based on differences from December 1984 through December 1989. 172 Productivity Data (Tables C-9 through C-11) COLLECTION Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from establishment and household survey labor input data and from measures of compensation and output supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board. CONCEPTS Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers. For productivity and cost measures (tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include hours of employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Labor input is measured by hours at the work site. Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output per hour of all persons (productivity) measure changes in the volume of goods and services produced per hour at work. Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which there are no self-employed. Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour. Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, capital consump- tion allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the current-dollar gross product originating in the sector and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits. Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of output. The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index for gross product of the sector reported. NOTES ON THE DATA For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less general government, households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business. All measures are seasonally adjusted. Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of •Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology (202-523-9261). State and Area Labor Force Data (D table) FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act, the Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance Act, and the Urban Development Action Grant program. Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average data classified by selected demographic, social, and economic characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment. Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is available in microfiche form only, on a subscription basis. 173 ESTIMATING METHODS Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The estimation methods are described below for States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document, "Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics." Estimates for States Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS concepts, see "Household Data," above. For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia, which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment and unemployment estimates. These, then, are the "nondirect-use" States. The regression techniques are based on historical and current relationships found within each State's economy as reflected in the different sources of data that are available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (ui) system. When the estimation procedures were introduced in 1989, over 10 years of data were used to develop the equations for each State. While all the State models have important variables in common, they differ somewhat from one another so as to better reflect individual State characteristics. Two models—one for employment and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled, primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for economic analysis. The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm wage and salary jobs and also include data for employed persons not covered or only partially covered by the CES survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers, the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers. The unemployment rate models also include different types of data. Data for ui claimants (without earnings due to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced unemployed. The models also include an employment-topopulation ratio which reflects both the business cycle and the experienced unemployed not covered by the UI claims data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor force are also reflected in the models. For some States, the models include variables which reflect seasonal factors not reflected in the other data used, such as the large increase in the labor force at the end of the school year. In both the employment and unemployment rate models, 174 an important feature is the use of a technique that allows the equations to adjust automatically to structural changes that occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models" because they include a built-in tuning mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when the new data that become available each month indicate that changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are developed from the models, the unemployment level and labor force estimates are calculated. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates. In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal the CPS annual averages. Estimates for sub-State areas Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-State areas, more than 2,600 labor market areas (LMA'S), are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below. Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place-ofresidence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from place-of-work to place-of-residence have been developed for several categories of employment on the basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial census. These factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are added estimates for employment not represented in the CES— agriculture, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family workers, and private household workers. Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of three categories: (1) persons who were previously employed in industries covered by State ui laws; (2) those previously employed in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation. Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and LMA'S within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure that they add to the independently estimated State totals for employment and unemployment. Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of employment and unemployment. Seasonal Adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader margin of possible error than the original data on which they are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and other errors but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment-based data are published monthly in Employment and Earnings. Since January 1980, national labor force data have been seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983. At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during the JanuaryJune period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were carried back to 1970. All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not necessarily add to totals. Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force series based on the experience through December, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure are published in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision period for a broader range of labor force series are published in the February issue of this publication. Since the early 1980's, the BLS has also used the X-ll ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll ARIMA program has been run once each year after benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors have been projected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of the March 1988 benchmarks, the Bureau introduced a modification to this procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated and published twice a year. Revisions of historical data will continue to be made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions. All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and 175 multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total private service-producing, and major industry divisions, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1982 annual average base. Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however, are used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series. Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government employment are derived from unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers for the 176 decennial census, however, are removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors. BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference period and of Labor Day in the September reference period. This extension was applied for the first time at the end of 1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested as having significant and well-defined effects in their April data associated with the timing of Easter. This extension was also used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours and manufacturing overtime hours, starting with the computation of the projected factors for the period beginning in April 1990. Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series based on the experience through May 1990, new seasonal adjustment factors for August 1990-April 1991, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure appear in the September 1990 issue of Employment and Earnings. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Office Cooperating State Agencies Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs BLS Region BLS Region REGION ;•-BOSTON l Congress Street 10th Floor Boston. MA 02114 Phone. ( 6 1 M 565-2327 REGION II—NEW YORK Room 808 201 Varick Street New York. NY 10014 Phone: (212) 337 2400 H t G i ^ N 1 - D H uAD^LPHIA 3 55 Market St ee ^ ^ Rox 1 i ^9 h-r lac1 pr d PA 19 01 1 Fh re ^ 5 ^ 6 54 REGION IV A AN T A JU t J4Q 71 Peief ree Street NE tc f i G^ 3f367 1 c f + f4) M7 44 6 1 C e ALABAMA ALASKA IX ARIZONA VI ARKANSAS IX CALIFORNIA VIII COLORADO 1 CONNECTICUT III DELAWARE III DIST OF COL IV FLORIDA IV GEORGIA IX HAWAIi n S+reet tt L f ^r ^ n IV X 6 •- i P 1 G ° , t x IDAHO ILLINOIS Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427, Industriaf Relations Bldg., Montgomery 36130 Department of Labor, Research and Analysis Section, 1111 West 8th St., Juneau 99802-5501 Department of Economic Security, 1300 West Washington St , Phoenix 85005 Department of Labor, Research and Statistics ) Section, Capitol Mall, Little Rock 72203-2981 Employment Development Department, Employ 1 ment Data and Research Division, 7000 Franklin Blvd., Bidg. 1100, Sacramento 95823 | Department of Labor and Employment, Suite 801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203 Labor Department, Employment Security Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd. Wethersfield 06109 Department of Labor, Office of Occupational and Labor Market information. P.O Box 9029 Newark 19714-9029 Department of Employment Services, Division of Labor Market information and Analysis. Room 201, 500 C St.. NW.. Washington, DC 2000 \ Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Bureau of Labor Market information. Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr.. Tallahassee 32399-0674 Department of Labor, Labor information Systems, 148 International Blvd.. NE., Atlanta 30303 | i Deprf tm^o f _abu r and h J u 'r i\ RPI t< P e^rrr -K 1 S*ifi U Oft Co R c r 304 j n ^3b rbow S M ;r I I 9^8 t-rT^t o* K r / •i M n Sf B^ P 0 " " j n l^cirt n f^mri^yrTt-5 ( J (s ° tf) Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59624 Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509-4600 Employment Security Department, 500 East IX NEVADA 3rd St., Carson City 89713 NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South 1 Mam St., Concord 03301 NEW JERSEY Department of Labor, Division of Planning and Research, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625 Employment Security Commission. 401 BroadNEW MEXICO V! way, TIWA Bldg.: Albuquerque 87103 ii Department of Labor, Division of Research and NEW YORK Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg. 12. Albany 12240-0020 iv NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market Information Division. P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611 Job Service, P.O. Box 1537. Bismarck 58502 VIII NORTH DAKOTA OHIO Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market V Information Division. 1160 Dublin Rd . Columbus 43215 VI OKLAHOMA Employment Security Commission. Research and Planning Division. 2401 North Lincoln. Oklahoma City 73105 Employ n^n D S"7" nc S NE x 'W^CN c 1 P r 9 ^1 h ~> ^ /+ uepartme t f a a a y Re ¥ h ano S t n R 0 1 o "'tf]f c Mar > g 1 1 1 P M ri^ fe^ n t r. d H r Reo e B c^ r ri c s c t F 05 M jr ~> e -\ A r Hato H I U d (oE^) jre i c ^ ce He t h d a e t t 5J5 M P - A iu 1b LAU VIII MONTANA VII NEBRASKA UObO1V INDIANA VII !0WA VII KANSAS IV KENTUCKY V! 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