Full text of Employment and Earnings : October 1955
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Emptoyment and Earnings OCTOBER 1955__________ _____ ___________ Vo!. 2 No. 4 To renew your subscription to Employment and Earnings and to obtain additional data free of charge, see pages 9-E and 10-E. EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS IN THE PACIFIC COAST STATES The Pacific Coast story 1950-1954--on employment and earnings from 1950 to 1954 is dis cussed on pages xiii to xvii. This is the first of a series of articles re CONTENTS E m p ! o y m * n t T re n d * Summary..................................................... iii Table 1: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups............. v Table 2: Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group.................................... vi Table 3: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............. vii Table 4: Index of employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division.............................. viii Table 5: Index of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group.............................. viii Table 6 : Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division, seasonally adjusted............ ix Table 7: Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, seasonally adjusted................ ix [ NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data appear in italics.) REGIONAL PATTERNS IN EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS PART I - PACIFIC COAST STATES........................... viewing such developments in each of a group of generally homogeneous States. Reprints will be available upon re quest. THE RUBBER, LEATHER. AND STONE PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES SINCE 1950--The series of charts in employment, hours, showing changes earnings, since 1950 appear on pages x through xii. xiii MTAHKD STAT!ST!€S A - 3 m p )o y m * n l and P ayroH * Table A-l: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division............................... Table A-2: All employees and production workers in nonagri cultural establishments, by industry............ Table A-3: Indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payroll in manufacturing........................ Table A-4: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region.......................................... Table A-5: Federal personnel, civilian and military.......... Table A-6 : Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State..................... Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division............ 1 2 7 8 9 10 13 and labor turnover in manufacturing indus tries p .,. B -L a b *r T urnover Table B-l: Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by class of turnover............................... Table B-2: Monthly labor turnover rates in selected indus tries........................................... 23 24 C-Hovr* and Earning* For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25 D. C. Subscription Price: $3 a year; $1 additional for for eign mailing. Single copies vary in price. This issue is 3$ cents. Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees........................ Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars......................................... Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dollars............................. Continued next page 28 37 37 Emp!oyment and Earnings CONTENTS - C o n t in u e d Pago C-Mour* and Earn ing* - Continued Table C-4: Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, of production workers in manufacturing.. Table C-5: Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity........................ Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing for selected States and areas...... 38 39 4l NOTE: Data for August 1955 are preliminary. CHARTS iv Indexes of Production-Worker Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours....... The Rubber Industry Since 1950............................... x xi The Leather Industry Since 1950.............................. The Stone, Clay, and Glass Industry Since 195O ................ xii Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Major Industry Division.................................................... xviii Monthly Labor Turnover Rates - Manufacturing Industries....... 22 EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION................................................. ESTABLISHMENT REPORTS: Collection................................................ Industrial Classification................................. Coverage.................................................. DEFINITIONS AND ESTIMATING METHODS: Employment................................................ Labor Turnover............................................ Hours and Earnings........................................ STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS.............................. SUMMARY OF METHODS FOR COMPUTING NATIONAL STATISTICS.......... GLOSSARY..................................................... 1-E 1-E 1-E 1-E 2-E 3**E 4-E 5-E 6-E 7-E REGIONAL OFFICES AND COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES---Inside back cover The national employment figures shown in this report have been adjusted to first quarter 1954 benchmark levels. Empioyment Trends N O N F A R M JOB T O T A L SETS N E W S E P T E M B E R R E C O R D A T 50. 3 M I L L I O N The nonfarm job total rose to an alltime Sep* tember peak of 50. 3 million, exceeding by 60, 000 the previous high for the month reached in 1953. The over-the-month rise of 436, 000 was the result of seasonal gains in trade, and State and local gov ernments as well as a continuation of the manufac turing upswing. A sharp pickup in the transporta tion and public utilities group and less-than-usual declines in construction and finance also contributed to the overall employment rise. The return of nonfarm employment to 1953 levels w as almost entirely attributable to continu ous gains over this period in industries furnishing services rather than goods. Trade employment rose 279, 000 during the two year period; service employment by 138, 000, employment in finance, insurance, and real estate establishments by 165,000; State and local governments added 378,000 workers. O n the other hand, employment in other sec tors of the e co n o m y wa s still substantially below the September 1953 figure. Manufacturing employ m e n t w a s 550,000 lower, transportation and public utilities w ere d o w n 115,000, while in mining, where a long-term downtrend continued, employment w as about 100, 000 below September 1953. However, in these industries the gap between 1953 and thin year has been narrowing; for example, in January of this year factory employment was 1. 2 million below the 1953 level, compared with the September difference of 550,000. M O D E L C H A N G E O V E R A N D S C A T T E R E D STRIKES D A M P E N C O N T I N U I N G M A N U F A C T U R I N G GAINS Factory employment rose by 106, 000 to 16. 9 million in September. This was no m o r e than the usual September rise because of the timing of auto m odel changeover and strikes in machinery and fur niture, but sharp gains were reported in several manufacturing industries. The largest rise— 36,000— w a s in electrical machinery and reflected increases in the production of radio and television sets and of electrical equipment for automobiles. The very sharp gain of 16,000 in primary metals reflected large increases in iron and steel foundries as well as smaller gains in the basic steel industry. A n employ m e n t pickup in the refining and rolling of nonferrous metals to s o m e extent wa s a result of the end of the copper industry strike. Other significant gains were reported in fabri cated metals, apparel, printing, paper, instruments and stone, clay and glass while in the remaining manufacturing industries over-the-month changes w e re seasonal. H A L F H O U R RISE IN F A C T O R Y H O U R S R E F L E C T S HIGHER ACTIVITY The factory w o r k w e e k rose a half hour to 41.0 hours in September, a somewhat sharper-thanusual gain for this time of year. At this level,hours of w o r k were 1. 3 hours above a year ago and higher than in any other postwar September except 1952. Nearly every industry group reported longer hours than a month ago, but the gains w ere sharpest in durable goods industries. Hours of w o r k in the transportation equipment group increased as a re sult of auto model changeover activity and increases in aircraft and shipbuilding. The wor k w e ek also rose sharply in primary metals, machinery, and electrical machinery, while in lumber hours of w o r k remained virtually the s a m e in contrast to usual August-September declines. Elsewhere in manufac turing, over-the-month changes generally were in line with seasonal expectations. M A N - H O U R INDEX UP A s a result of the increases in both hours of w o r k and employment, the index of aggregate m a n hours of production workers in manufacturing rose to 111. 2 (1947-1949 = 100). This index measures the effect of both the n u m b e r of workers employed and the length of their workweek. Since September 1954 the index has risen about 10 percent. It was only 2 percent below the September 1953 level, in dicating that the employment loss of 550,000 has almost been offset by increases in the factory w or k week. W E E K L Y E A R N I N G S RISE T O N E W H I G H Average weekly earnings rose $1. 57 over the m onth to $77. 90, a new alltime high. With the exception of tobacco and leather, all industries re ported s o m e increase ranging fr o m $3. 01 in primary metals and $2. 40 in transportation equipment to 9 cents in apparel and 18 cents in lumber. These in creases were mainly due to lengthening of the w o r k week. C o m p a r e d with a year ago, average weekly pay in manufacturing w a s up a little m o r e than $6. 00, ap a result of the longer w o r k w e e k as well as sub stantial wage increases in m a n y industries. In dur able goods manufacturing the over-the-year gain w a s over $7. 00, while in nondurable goods the in crease wa s about $3. 30. lii Tab!# 1. Employ*** in nonagricu)tvra! *!ta b !)!h m *n t!, by indv!tfy div!!<on and !* !* c t* d grovp! (In t h o u s a n d s ) Year ^go Current Sept. 1955 Aug. 1 ^ 5 l/ 1/ July 1955 !*9,86!* !t9,b20 !t8,!t90 7!t9 7h!t 208.5 107.5 212.5 107.2 $0,300 M!M!M6 ................................... B i t ^ i n o u s coal .. ^ ^ And a u a r r v i n d 98.6 759 9!t.!t 109.5 108.9 759 210.2 90.0 Sept * I95!t 90.0 Sept. 1955 net change from: Year ago Previous month +436 0 + + + 4.2 1.2 .6 +1,810 + + + 15 8.6 l.l 2.3 CONTRACT COMSTRUCT!OM.................... 2,730 2,733 2,701 2,698 - 3 + MAMUfACTUR!MG............................ 16,925 16,819 16,)*75 15,972 +106 + 953 DURABLE 600D S ................................. L u m b e r an d w o o d p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t F u r n i t u r e and fixtures Stone clay and g l a s s p r o d u c t s P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s .................... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transpo r t at i o n M a c h i n e r y (except electrical) Electrical machinery Transportation equipment I n s t r u m e n t s and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .......... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries... MOMDURABLE GOODS.............................. Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Appa r e l and o th e r finished textile Paper and allied products Printing, publishing, and allied C h e m i c a l s an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s P r o d u c t s o f e t r o l e u m a n d c oal Rubber roducts L e a t h e r an d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s 9,595 131.1 9,511 132.3 8,887 i!*5.8 + 37 .7 + 74$ - 15.4 799.3 370.0 557.8 1,323.7 353.2 5it7.8 1,302.7 788.1 738.0 352.8 520.h 1 ,156.0 + + + 3.1 1.3 3.8 + 58.2 + 18.5 + 41.2 + 183.3 1,093.1 1,566.9 l,lh0.5 1 ,821.2 315.1 !t76.3 1,077.5 1,573.5 1 ,108.2 l,85b.9 3lb.8 b57.6 1,028.7 l,!t98.6 1,077.5 1,590.7 13.8 2^.7 35.5 h70.1 + + + + + 78.2 + 43.6 + 98.5 + 209.6 + 11.3 + 17.1 7,22it 1,703.9 113.7 l,07!t.7 1 ,603.0 86.8 l,Oit5.6 6,96b 7,085 l,703.!t 119.5 1,071.5 + + + + 69 + 208 + 15.2 + 5.4 + 6.5 1,2!*7.7 562.1 l,229.h 556.0 1 ,152.1 l,l85.!t 536.6 + 18.3 + 6.1 + + 818.1 820.8 810.1 812.0 807.7 808.9 278.6 276.0 273.9 802.9 788.9 25b.2 252. !t 370.!t + + + - + + + + + 9,632 130.!* 796.2 371.3 561.6 1,339.3 1,106.9 l,5h2.2 1 ,176.0 1,800.3 320.1 b87.2 7,293 1 ,718.6 I2h.9 1 ,078.0 255.!* 388.5 256.!t 392.1 5b6.8 256.1 382.6 308.8 TRAM S P 0 RTAT! 0 H ................................ COMMUM)CAT! 0 M * ....*.......................... OTHER P U B U C U H L t H E S ....................... it,152 2,789 770 593 h,13it 2,765 773 596 it,U3 2,7b9 770 59b 2,701 WHOLESALE AMD RETA!L TRADE................ 10,793 10,6i<3 10,633 10,!*!*7 TRANSP0RTAT!0N AMD PUBUC UT!L!T!ES....... 32 !t,023 738 58!* + + ^ 15.6 20.9 $.0 10.9 14.7 11.2 3.3 8.0 8.8 1.0 2.6 3.6 62.3 25.5 15.2 31.9 1.2 26.2 18.1 18 24 3 3 + 129 + 88 + 32 + 9 +150 + 346 + 12 +138 + 87 + 259 + 27.7 + 70.1 + 32.8 + 5.4 + 122.4 2,876 7,917 1,376.6 l,5lb.l 785.9 585.7 3,65b.2 2,86b 7,779 1,316.7 l,!t98.7 787.7 5b0.3 3,635.1 2,858 7,775 l,313.b 1,505.7 78!t.9 552.8 3 ,6l8 .!t 2,789 7,658 1,3!*8.9 l,!t!t!t.O 753.1 580.3 3,531.8 + + + + F!MAMCE, !NSURAMCE, AMD REAL ESTATE....... 2,220 2,2b0 2,237 2,l!tl - 20 + 79 SERV!CE AMD M!SCELLAMEOUS................. 5,790 5,819 5,816 5,719 - 29 + 71 60VERMMEMT............................... 6,931 2,193 ft,738 6,717 6,696 6,7b6 2,l!t2 b,6ob + 3 +214 + 185 + 51 + 134 WHOLESALE fRAOE.............................. RETA!L T R A D E .................................. F o o d and l i q u o r s t o r e s ....................... Apparel and accessories stores O ther reta il trade FEDERAL......................................... STATE AMD LOCAL............................... 1/ Preliminary. 2,190 h,527 2,187 !t,509 59.9 15.4 1.8 45.4 19.1 +211 _V Tabie 2. Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group Year ago Current Major industry group July 1955 Sept. 1954 September 1955 net c h a n g e from: Sept. 1955 1/ Aug. 1955 MANUFACTURE............................ 13,399 13,281 12,951 12,577 +118 +822 DURABLE GOODS............................... 7,623 7,576 7,499 6,965 + 47 +658 L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s M a c h i n e r y (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .............. I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .......... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries... MOMDURABLE GOODS............................ A p p a r e l and o t h e r f i n i s h e d t e x t i l e P rin ting p^nshing^and' L iiied ........ 88.0 88.6 101.8 - .7 - 14.5 727.9 315.2 472.9 1,134.1 730.4 314.0 469.5 1,118.9 720.1 297.5 460.3 1 ,098.0 671.7 298.4 437.1 965.3 - 2.5 + 1.2 + 3.4 + 15.2 + 56.2 + 16.8 + 35.8 + 168.8 094.0 1,136.4 867.1 1 ,364*6 1 ,151.8 879.4 862.9 1,159.5 802.0 1,419.9 218.6 371.7 821.0 1,097.0 785.4 1,182.9 217.7 386.4 + + + + + 73.0 + 39.4 + 81.7 +181.7 + 6.9 + 12.6 224.6 399.0 832.7 1,383.4 219.5 388.2 14.6 15.4 34.4 18.8 5.1 10.8 5,776 5,705 5,452 5,612 + 71 +164 1,276.1 117.7 1,248.3 986.1 105.8 982.3 1,150.4 79.1 953.5 1,267.5 110.3 978.4 + 18.8 + 11.9 + 3.8 .4 + 7.4 + 7.7 1,115.2 463.5 1,100.7 457.6 1,025.1 448.4 1,058.7 444.6 + 14.5 + 5.9 + 56.5 + 18.9 528.9 552.3 176.6 519.4 544.6 177.3 217.9 351.4 518.1 542.3 177.2 215.7 341.7 518.3 529.4 177.1 196.3 330.9 + 9.5 + 7.7 .7 + 2.7 - 3.7 + + + + 220.6 347.7 Year ago Previous month 87.3 (except Fabricated metal products (except o r d n a n c e , m a c h i n e r y , and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n l/ P r e l i m i n a r y . i/ 10.6 22.9 .5 24.3 16.8 Tabte 3. Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group Average hourly earnings Avera^weekly M a j o r industry group Sept. 1QSS Aug. i/ 1/ Sept. l/ 1955 Aug. 1954 Sept. l/ 1954 1955 Sept. Aug. i/ l/ Sept. 41.0 40.6 39.7 $ 1.90 $ 1.88 $1.81 77.39 41.6 41.1 40.1 2.03 2.01 1.93 80.60 40.9 40.3 40.1 2.05 2.04 2.01 64. % 67.40 41.9 42.4 41.8 42.1 40.6 40.8 1.75 1.63 1.75 1.63 1.66 1.58 77.75 92.39 72.85 82.39 41.8 41.3 40.7 41.8 40.7 38.5 1.89 2.31 2.27 1.86 1.79 2.14 83.20 77.74 81.81 72.98 41.8 42.0 2.00 40.9 40.0 1.89 2.26 1.91 2.03 1.82 86.40 40.6 2.01 2.10 91.62 40.7 40.3 40.1 2.08 41.5 41.6 41.6 41.5 78.44 94.02 86.32 76.33 2.24 2.16 MAMUFACTUmWS................. $77.90 DURABLE GOODS................ 84 .AS 82.61 $76.33 $71.86 83.85 82.21 73.33 69.11 68.62 79.00 95.40 L ^ b e r ' L r w o i r p ^ d u c I I ...... S t o n e ^ c L y ^ a f d ^ l I I s ....... 19S4 Sept. 73.15 lex^pt^rdnanee^machinery, m e n t )........... ^....... ^ ...... M a c h i n e r y (except electrical). E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ........... 84.02 88.20 Instr^ents'andlelaled^ 1.88 78.14 77.16 73.82 40.7 40.4 39.9 1.92 1.91 1.85 Miscell^eour^ufacturlng'" i n d u s t r i e s ....................... 67.97 66.50 64.40 40.7 40.3 40.0 1.67 1.65 1.61 NONDURABLE 600DS.............. 68.57 67.83 65.24 40.1 39.9 39.3 1.71 1.70 1.66 F o o d and k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ..... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ........... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......... 71.97 49.2$ 56.56 71.4$ 50.43 $5.07 68.48 48.86 41.6 41.3 39.4 41.5 39.4 1.73 52.50 40.7 40.4 1.73 1.28 1.37 1.65 1.24 1.36 !......... 49.91 80.72 49.82 79.92 48.82 36.7 43.4 36.9 43.2 1.36 75.40 42.6 1.86 1.35 1.85 1.36 92.43 84.44 82.81 91.18 88.39 79.52 41.2 38.6 2.37 41.8 41.2 2.02 2.35 2.01 2.29 1.93 98.06 95.58 77.42 49.96 41.3 41.2 41.3 38.2 41.2 39.3 36.2 2.42 2.38 2.32 textile products.. P r K L n ^ p u ^ l L l n g ^ a n d .... a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s .............. P r ^d u c t ^ .f " p e t r ^ e L ^ d " ^ ' ' c o a l ............................... R u b b e r p r o d u c t s .................. Leather and leather products.. 99.95 87.36 52.59 86.73 53.48 39.0 41.8 37.3 40.2 38.8 38.6 35.9 1.21 1.40 2.09 1.41 2.10 1.40 1.77 1.97 1.38 vii Tab)* 4. !nd*x of omptoyoos in nonogyitutturo) ostabtishmon^s, by indus^y division (1947-49-100) Year Current Industry division TOTAL................................. Transportation and public utilities.......................... Wholesale and retail trade........... Finance, insurance, and real estate... ago August 1955 it July 1955 September 155b 115.0 nb.o 113.0 110.9 80.1 129.7 U3.h 80.1 129.8 112.7 79.0 128.3 110.3 78.5 128.2 107.0 102.0 lli*.7 128.6 118.3 122.5 101.5 113.1 129.8 118.9 118.7 101.0 113.0 129.6 U 8.9 118.3 September 195$ it 98.8 111.0 12it.O 116.9 119.2 if Preliminary. Tabte 5. tnd ex of produ ction w o rk e rs in m anufacturing, b y m a jo r in d u s try group, (1947-49-100) Year ago Current Major industry group September 1955 l' August 1955 July 1955 September 1951* l' MAMUFACTUR!M6......................... 108.3 107 .h 10h.7 101.7 DURABLE 000DS....................... llit.2 113.5 112.b 10h.b 383.8 388.2 392.6 b50.0 98.6 106.7 108.7 110.2 98.9 106.3 108.0 108.7 97.6 100.9 105.7 106.7 91.1 100.9 100.5 93.8 lHt.8 99.9 135.b 133.5 116.0 105.0 U 2.8 101.3 130.1 135.2 113 .h 102.1 110.8 102.0 125.2 138.9 112.9 97.9 105.h 96.5 122.6 115.7 112.it 101.6 lm.h 100.2 95.7 98.5 107.0 131.7 80.7 105.5 100.3 80.b 97.2 7b.8 78.1 107.1 10b.l 80.0 107.1 115.8 105.7 llb.3 98.h 111.8 101.7 111.1 110.1 108.2 95.2 108.5 96.2 108.0 106.8 95.2 107.0 97.1 107.8 106.2 95.2 106.1 9b.6 107.8 103.7 95.2 96.2 91.5 Lumber and wood products (except Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans- Ipstruments and related products..... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries . MMOURABLE GOODS..................... Textile-mill products................ Apparel and other finished textile Paper and allied products............ Printing, publishing, and allied Leather and leather products......... l/ Preliminary. X iii SeasonaHy Adjusted Data T a b ie 6. E m p io y e e s in n o n a g ricu !tu ra) esta b tish m e n ts, b y in d ustry d iv is io n , s e a so n a tty ad justed Index (1 9 4 7 - 4 9 = 1 0 0 ) 19 5 5 1/ TOTAL.............................. M i n i n g ..... ........................ . . T ran s p o r t a t i o n and public utilities.. Finance, insurance, and real estate.. G o v e r n m e n t .................................. 113 * 19 5 5 1/ 113 7 * Number ( In t h o u s a n d s ) July 1 955 1954 1 9 5 5 _1/ 1 9 5 5 1/ July 1955 113 109.3 V9,821 V 9 , 750 V 9,6V0 V 8 ,020 2 551 16 , 6 8 3 V , 135 2 531 16,682 V , 103 10,802 2,20 7 5, 733 6 .9V1 2 5V8 1 6 ,635 V ,082 10,765 2 ,20V 5, 730 6.919 2 521 15,739 V ,007 1 0 , VV7 2,1V1 5 ,63V 6.791 * p 79.3 121 .2 111 . 8 101.6 79 2 120 .2 111.7 100.3 121 0 111 . V 100 .3 12 3 . 6 11 6 . 6 123.3 127.9 127.7 122. 5 122. 2 1954 78.1 105. V 98. V 12V .0 113.1 120 .0 2 , 220 5, 70V - <L9.77 j / Preliminary. Tabie 7. P ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in m a n u fa ctu rin g , b y m a jo r in d u stry grou p, s e a so n a tty a d ju s te d Number (In t h o u s a n d s ) Index (1947-49=100) Major industry group 1 9 5 5 _1/ 1955 J V Ju l y 1955 1954 1 9 5 5 _1/ August 19 5 5 1/ 106.5 106. V 106.1 99.8 13 , 1 7 0 13,158 13,1 1 9 12,3V6 DURABLE G O O D S ...................... 11V . 1 11V.1 11V.0 10V . 2 7 ,613 7,615 7,609 6,957 O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ................. L u m b e r and w o o d p r od u c t s (except 383.8 388.2 392.6 V50.0 87 88 89 102 95.3 106.0 108.3 110.2 95.1 108 .0 107.6 109 . 3 95. 7 10 5 . 0 107. V 107. 7 87.9 10 0 . 6 100 .0 93.8 70 8 313 V71 1 ,13V 702 319 V68 1 ,125 706 310 V67 1,109 6V9 297 V35 965 11 V . 8 102.5 135.V 133.5 116.0 11V .0 10V.0 132. 7 1 35.2 11V .V 11V .2 103.1 129.8 138.9 11V .9 105. V 98.9 122 . 6 11 5 . 7 112. V 89V 1 ,165 86 7 1,365 225 888 1 ,182 850 1,383 222 890 1,1 72 831 1 ,V20 223 821 1 ,125 78 5 1,183 218 102. V 102.1 1 03 . 2 99.2 389 388 392 377 97.6 97.3 96.8 9V .6 5,557 5,5V3 5,510 5, 3 8 9 92.1 92. 7 81. 5 92.8 90.9 8 1.6 92.1 86.1 80.0 91. 7 87.1 80.9 1,090 98 996 1,098 96 997 1 ,090 91 9 78 1,086 92 988 10V.5 116.3 103.6 1JV.8 103.0 11V.1 99.2 11 1 . 6 1,088 V66 1,0 79 V60 1,0 73 V57 1,033 VV7 1 1 0.1 107.6 93.5 108.5 95. 7 109.0 108.V 93 . 5 10 8 . 0 9V . 6 108 . 8 108. V 9 V .1 109.5 95. 9 1 0 7.8 1 03.1 93.5 96.2 91.0 529 5V9 17V 221 3V6 52V 553 17V 220 3V2 523 553 1 75 223 3V7 518 526 17V 196 329 MAMUFACTURtMG...................... F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s .................... P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ................. F a b r i c a t e d metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ) ......................... I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ....... Miscellaneous manufacturing M 0 MDURABLE G O O D S .................. T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ..................... Apparel and other finished textile P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................ Printing, publishing, and a l l i e d C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......... July 1955 1954 1 / Preliminary. 363282 0 - 55 - 2 ix THE RUBBER PRODUCTS INDUSTRY SINCE 1950 Annua! Average 1950-54; Monthty 1955 Rate (Per 100 Empioyees) 5.0 "iSetected Labor Turnover Rates A ccessions , ! *t t L . , L 1950 '51 '52 '53 '54 U N! T E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R BUREAU OF LABOR STAHSTKS 1955 Chart 11. -Copies of this page avaiiabie upon request THE LEATHER INDUSTRY* SINCE 1950 Annua! Average 1950-54; Monthty 1955 Ra!e(Per 100 Empioyees) *tnc!udes teather and teather products UNtTED STATES D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STAT!SHCS August ) 9 5 5 d a ta are pretiminory Chart 12 -Copies of this page avaitabte upon request. THE STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS tNDUSTRY SiNCE !950 Annua! Average 1950-54; Monthty 1955 index (1947-49=100 120 Man-Hours !ndex Emphoyment 570 560 115 550 — j 110 540 105 530 520 100 510 95 Hours 42.5 -i— i__ i__ !__ !__ ____________!__ L- Average Weekiy Hours 0' Doiiars — Cross Average Hourty Eammgs 42.0 41.5 410 40.5 40.0 0 Doiiars 85 — ^ 4 Y-U.L, < L 1, Rate (Per 100 Employees) Gross Average Week!y Earnmgs 5 0 ---- Seiected Labor Turnover Rates* -^Quits ^ 1.0 55 1950 '51 '52 '53 '54 Layoffs 1955 UNiTED STATES D E P A R T M E N T OP L A B O R BUREAU OF LABOR STATMTKS 1950 '5! I i '52 '53 '54 1955 Chart 13. -Copies of this page avaiiabie upon request Regiona! Patterns in Emp!oyment and Earnings P«r* 1. PACIFIC COAST STATES This is the first article of a series which will review developments in employment and earnings since 1950 in each of a group of generally homogeneous States. Introduction Developments in the 3 Pacific Coast States during the past 5 years indicate a continuing long term growth. Between 1950 and 1954, manufacturing, distributive, and service activities expanded to accommodate growing western and national markets and provided job opportunities for the rapidly growing population. Water and power shortages brought on by the rapid industrialization during World War II have been improved by developmental activity. Business has found the Far West, with its ever-increasing numbers of skilled workers and constantly growing markets, an attractive place to locate new plants. In contrast to most of the other regions, wherein the population increase has been due prima rily to the excess of births over deaths, the Pacif ic region experienced an influx of over 1 million migrants between April 1950 and July 1953- This number augmented by a natural increase of 700,000 minus a net movement to the Armed Forces of 200,000, increased the civilian population over 1-1/2 mil lion (more than 10 percent) in a little over 3 years. The increase in the adult population re sulting from the heavy migration is of significance because the impact of persons in the adult age Table 1 - Nonagricultural employment by industiy, Pacific RBgion, 1950-51* (in thousands) All Employees Industiy 1950 1*317.0 Manufacturing.................... F o o d ............... ........ L u m b e r ............. ........ 36.6 2% . 8 1069.1 176.2 190.7 31.8 Printing .................. . Textiles and apparel 1/....... Transportation equipment l/ .. Primary and fabricated metals* Transportation and public utilities Trade ............................ Finance, insurance,and real estate. Service and miscellaneous......... Government ....................... 33.1 60.2 63.6 139.1 116.2 M2.3 10)40.9 192.1 5h6.it 721**9 it699.7 39.1 317.0 1232.0 183.1 205.1 31.5 36.9 61.0 63.2 205.3 133.7 1*36.6 1089.0 200.3 576.6 808.6 1952 1953 1951* 1*936.0 1*0.1 5078.7 1<1.3 327.5 1399.S 5029.3 39.7 317.6 316.6 1331.7 180.3 198.0 31.8 38.0 62#!* 66.9 269.1 139.0 1*1*1*.7 1126.5 207.9 609.3 859.2 183.1 192.8 31.6 1*0 .1* <a*.9 68.3 299.7 11*9.7 i*5h.5 1157.3 217.2 622.1* 858.7 1/ Excludes fewer than 5,000 workers in each industry in the State of Washington. 1368.6 180.0 176.1* 29.1 itl.9 66.7 65.9 309.2 11*0.3 1*37.7 111*7.8 222.9 628.7 866.3 Chart 1. Percent Change in Empioyment BY tNDUSTRY D!VtS!ON Chart 2. Percent Change in Emptoyment SELECTED )NDUSTR)ES UNtTED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR * Exctudes fewer than 5.000 workers in each industry in the State of Washington Employment in the transportation equip ment industry, averaging over 300,000 workers in 1954, has more than doubled since 1950, primarily because of a larger number of workers in aircraft plants. A small increase in the number of automo bile workers was a contributing factor. groups upon the labor market and upon consumer ex penditures is direct and immediate. Where popu lation change results from natural increase, the effect upon the economy is more gradual. The West Coast's two most important in dustries in 1950 -- lumber and food -- have since made room for a latecomer — transportation equip ment, vhich first became established during World War II. The metal products and machinery indus tries have also assumed an increasingly important part in the regional economy. In 1954, employment in the lumber indus try, at 176,000, was at its lowest level in 5 years. Lumber production registered a 4-percent decline from 1953. However, indications are that thia was chiefly the result of a work stoppage in the Douglas Fir region involving a large number of lumber workers in mid-195^. Residential construc tion, the chief source of demand for the region's softwood lumber, remains at a high level. Plywood production increased 50 percent between 1950 and 1954, as this commodity was used more and more by the construction industry. While indicators such as per capita income and value added by manufacture per em ployee have failed to increase percentagewise as much as for the Nation as a whole, they have nevertheless remained substantially above the national averages. A rapid expansion such as this area has experienced necessarily creates problems in transportation and power. Demand for hous ing and services, plus a need for additional educational and recreational facilities, have also become more urgent. Average annual employment in the food industry remained about constant at approximately 180.000 between 1950 and 195*t. Employment in primary and fabricated met als has shown a 20-percent increase to approximately 140.000 workers in 195*t. This growth is in line with increased industrialization in the area, but metal products cure still not as important in the economy of the region as in the economy of the coun try as a whole. Employment The 3 Pacific Coast States now employ 1 out of every 10 nonagricultural workers in the country. Nonfarm employment, along with popu lation, is increasing more rapidly than in the Nation as a whole. Industrial activity has speeded up as local markets grow and as West Coast products compete to a greater extent in eastern markets. Defense related industries have provided employment for a sizable portion of the area's work force since 1950. Employment in textiles and apparel, chief ly concentrated in California, has only increased 3-1/2 percent since 1950. In nonmanufacturing industries, trade, service, and government together employed over half of the nonagricultural workers. Trade and service employment have shown 10 and 15 percent increases, respectively, between 1950 and 195^, as these activities expanded to accommodate a rap idly growing population. An estimated 4-year rise in population of over 14 percent has increased de mand for distributive and service activities, as well as for residential, commercial, and industrial construction. Over one-fourth of the 5,029,000 non agricultural workers are employed in manufac turing establishments, with 3 industries--transportation equipment, food and kindred products, and lumber and wood products— accounting for about half of the factory workers. Table 2 - Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries, Pacific Region 1950 - 1954 Average Hourly Earnings 1950 $ 1.68 1.5 1 1.87 1.61 l. 6p P r i n t i n g . . . * * * * * . . . T extiles and apparel l / * * * Primary and fabricated metals Note! 2.27 1.36 1.67 $ Average Weekly Hours Average Weekly Earnings 195b 1950 195b 1950 195b 2.0$ 1 .8b 2.23 1.93 39.5 39.3 38.3 39.6 ho. 7 36.3 39.7 38.9 39.0 38.7 bo. 7 36.5 $ 66.36 59.3b 72.56 1.53 2.0? iio.it $81.39 71.58 86.97 7b. 69 83.3b 96.73 55.39 83.39 2.06 2. % 36.1 36.2 39.9 63.76 68.73 83.5b b9.10 67.b7 In combining State data, all employee figures were used as weights since product!on-worker employment data are not available in this office, l/ Excludes data for the State of Washington. Contract construction, employing over Pacific States during the period 1950-54 than in the Nation as a whole. Wage rates have tradition ally been higher on the West Coast, particularly in unskilled occupations. The 22-percent increase in weekly earnings over the period has been slight ly greater than the countrywide average increase. 300,000 workers in 1954 accqunts for another 6 per cent of nonagricultural employment. The latest available data (1953) on value added by manufacture throw additional light upon changes in West Coast industry since 1950. Almost 40 percent of the total value added by manufacture in 1953 occurred in the metalworking industries. Although value added increased gener ally, the rate of increase was greater in the newer industries. Several older industries showed a slower rate of growth during this period. Food and kindred products, the leading industry in 1950 with one-fifth of the total value added, increased 10.5 percent in 1953 but then accounted for only one-seventh of the total. Similarly, lumber with one-sixth of all value added in 1950, was only one-seventh of the total in 1953 in spite of a substantial increase in total value added between those 3 years. On the other hand, transportation equipment, now the region's major industry, increased its value-added figure by 165 percent to account for over one-fifth of total. Electrical machinery showed a phenomenal increase of 244 percent. Greater-than-average gains were also made in fabricated metals and nonelectrical machinery. The increase in gross weekly earnings was achieved mostly by an increase in earnings rates, since the average manufacturing workweek increased only two-tenths of an hour between 1950 and 1954. Hourly earnings for the same period increased 22 percent, from $1.68 to $2.05. Nation ally, hourly earnings increased 24 percent, from $1.46 to $1 .81. The movement of earnings in the Pacific Region was similar in hard-goods and soft-goods industries— upward by about one-fifth— maintain ing or widening slightly the earnings differential which has long existed between these types of in dustries. In the large and diversified food indus try, which is characterized by a high percentage of unskilled and semiskilled workers, hourly earn ings rose 22 percent from $1.51 in 1950 to $1.84 in 1954. The workweek, after lengthening in 1951? declined steadily to 38.9 hours in 1954. Weekly earnings at $71*58 in 1954 were almost $10 below the all-manufacturing average. Earnings Average weekly earnings of factory pro duction workers were considerably higher in the The textile and apparel group showed the Chari 3. Percent increase in Houriy Earnings SELECTED )NDUSTR!ES Pacific Region, !9 5 0 -5 4 PERCENT 10 Primary and Fabricated Meta!s TOTAL MANUFACTUMNG Food Paper Furniture Lumber Printing Texti!es and Appare! UNtTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR nr 20 25 30 smallest increase of the major industries, rising 12-1/2 percent from $1.36 to $1.53. The tradi tionally short workweek remained at about 36 hours and combined with the comparatively low hourly rate to hold earnings to an average $55-50 in 1954. industries also had the longest average workweeks— about 40 hours. This would indicate considerable overtime work throughout the period, estimating an actual hours-worked average about 5 percent below the scheduled workweek. Hourly earnings in the lumber industry rose one-fifth from $1.87 in 1950 to $2.23 in 1954 in spite of the decline in employment between the 2 years. The workweek remained between 38-I/2 and 39 hours, bringing weekly earnings considerably above the all-manufacturing average. Indications are that higher-than-national manufacturing earnings are general throughout the various industry groups and are not due to any unusual industrial composition. The primary and fabricated metals indus tries, as a group, made one of the greatest gains in hourly earnings, from $ 1.67 to $2 .09. These Table it - Value added by manufacture, by industiy, Pacific Region, 1950 and 1953 1953 Table 3 - Source of change in civilian population, United States and Pacific Region April 1950 - July 1953 Source of change Net increase................... Additions Net movement to Armed Forces. Number of Persons (in thousands) Pacific Region United States 1,520 6,405 1,182 1,004 12,353 992 458 207 4,825 2,115 Source: U. S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Industry 1950 Percent Increase (millions) (millions) 50.8 . %&5^621 %7,0M 10.5 Food********************* l,h69 1,329 15*8 h7 55 23*7 313 253 4*8 1,361 1,185 hO.O 180 129 39.2 318 1A3 20.6 393 li73 16.5 !A9 523 23*9 221 273 38*1 332 2h0 Stone, clay,and glass* ** * M.2 576 408 Primary metals.... . 58*8 685 96.h 681; 3ii9 2U 1.2 I*6il Electrical machinery.... 135 165.8 81*0 Transportation equipment. 2,232 78 it5*5 Instruments............ 5it n.a. n.a. 155 Source: U. S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census Prepared by Shirley J. Bosshard, Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics. Reprints will be available upon request. 363282 0 - 55-3 xvii E M P L O Y E E S )W N O N A G R tC U L T U R A L E S T A B H S H M E W T S BY MAJOR tMDUSTRY D!V!5!0N MiHions UW!TED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MiHions Htstofk'j! D d t j Tabte A-l: Emptoyees in nonagricvttura! estabtisbments^ by industry division Contract Y e a r an d m o n t h TOTAL Mining 26,829 27,088 1,230 Manufac tu r i n g t a t i o n and 10,534 10,534 8,132 8,986 10,155 9,523 9,786 9,997 9,839 9,786 3,711 3,998 3,439 3,305 prance, IS " _averMe, 1919.. 1920.. 1921.. 1922.. 1923.. 1924.. I9251926.. 1927.1926.. 24,125 1929" 1930.. 1931.. 1932.. 19331934.. 19351936.. 1937-. 1938.. 1954: 1955: 920 1,203 1,092 1,080 31,041 1,078 1,000 26,383 23,377 23,466 25,699 26,792 28,802 864 722 735 374 888 937 28,902 30,311 845 32,058 36,220 39,779 42,106 41,334 40,037 41,287 43,462 44,448 43,315 44,738 47,347 48,303 49,681 48,285 J u l y ...... A u g u s t .... September. O c t o b e r . .. November.. December.. 1,176 1,105 1,041 1,006 882 30,718 1949.. 1930.. 1931.. 1952.. 1953*. 1934.. 953 23,569 28,128 27,770 28,505 29,539 29,691 29,710 29,143 1939.. 1940.. 1941.. 1942.. 1943.. 1944.. 1945.. 1946.. 1947.. 1948.. 1,124 47,866 48,123 48,490 916 947 983 917 883 826 852 943 982 918 889 916 885 852 1,021 848 1,012 1,185 1,229 1,321 1,446 1,355 1,608 1,606 1,497 1,372 1,214 970 809 862 912 1,145 8,346 8,907 9,653 1,150 1,294 1,790 2,170 10,078 10,780 1,055 1,567 1,094 1,132 1,661 1,982 2,169 2,165 9,253 12,974 15,051 17,381 17,111 I5,3ce 14,461 15,290 15,321 14,178 3,824 3,940 3,891 6,401 6,064 3,531 4,907 4,999 5,552 5,692 2,659 2,736 2,771 2,956 3,114 2,840 2,912 3,013 3,248 3,433 3,619 3,798 3,872 4,023 4,122 4,141 15,584 4,029 2,698 2,652 2,598 15,972 17,238 770 2,527 760 763 16,334 2,735 15,822 2,426 16,007 16,057 16,050 47,741 47,753 48,212 48,643 48,918 49,503 741 737 739 739 742 760 2,526 2,615 J u l y ...... A u g u s t .... 49,420 749 759 2,701 2,733 2,237 2,169 2,255 2,399 15,925 16,060 16,201 16,255 16,334 16,577 16,475 16,819 6,163 3,907 3,675 3,243 2,804 2,686 2,622 2,634 6,033 6,137 15,989 2,603 14,967 16,104 5,626 3,810 3,822 3,949 3,977 4,166 4,185 4,221 4,008 2,333 J a n u a r y . .. February.. M a r c h ..... A p r i l ..... M a y ........ J u n e ...... 8,021 6,797 7,238 10,606 48,580 48,808 49,864 9,4oi 1,112 744 743 749 747 49,463 10,534 3,882 3,806 4,664 4,623 4,734 5,084 5,494 4,018 4 ,023 4,005 3,986 3,996 1,050 1,110 1,097 1,079 1,123 1,163 2,531 2,542 1,360 2,871 2,962 2,848 2,917 2,996 1,431 1,398 1,333 3,127 3,084 2,913 1,225 1,247 2,6i4 2,784 1,166 1,235 1,295 1,270 1,262 1,313 1,335 1,347 6,612 6,940 1,399 1,436 1,480 1,469 1,435 1,409 1,428 7,4l6 7,333 7,189 7,260 7,522 8,6oe 9,196 9,519 1,619 1,672 1,741 9,313 9,643 1,765 1,824 10,327 2,038 10,351 10,321 10,447 2,150 2,151 10,012 10,281 10,498 10,548 10,745 11,354 3,927 3,937 3,966 3,939 3,997 4,08i 10,419 10,309 4,113 4,134 10,633 10,643 io,4o8 10,549 10,534 10,643 2,671 2,603 2,268 6,076 6,543 6,453 2,054 2,142 2,187 1,892 1,967 2,114 2,141 2,431 2,516 2,591 2,755 2,682 2,883 3,060 2,611 2,723 2,802 3,066 3,149 3,264 3,225 3,167 3,298 3,477 3,662 3,233 3,196 3,749 3,876 3,321 3,477 3,705 3,837 3,919 3,934 4,011 4,474 4,783 4,925 3,993 4,208 4,660 3,483 4,972 3,077 3,264 5,411 3,338 3,836 6,026 6,389 6,609 6,643 3,629 5,755 5,7505,719 6,080 6,043 5,944 5,393 5,474 3,650 6,731 6,551 6,563 6,746 5,660 5,622 5,588 7,166 2,124 2,132 2,150 5,533 5,536 5,571 6,835 6,873 6,922 2,171 5,733 5,775 6,881 6,851 5,816 6,696 2,136 2,134 2,136 2,161 2,206 2,237 2,240 5,674 5,819 6,829 6,917 6,927 6,717 1 industry Fmptoyment Tobte A -2: A!) em ptoyees and production workers in nonagricuttura! estab!ishments, by industry A ll .e m p l o y e e s Industry Production workers 1954 Aug. July A ug. TOTAL................................... 49,864 49,420 48,123 ........................................... 759 749 763 METAL M!N!N6......................... C o p p e r m i n i n g ............................... L e a d and zin c m i n i n g ...................... 94.4 36.2 22.1 16.3 90.0 99.1 18.0 16.2 28.3 16.3 35.8 1955 Aug. - July - - - - 17.2 14.0 75.4 31.3 13.5 13.8 84.9 30.4 24.2 79.5 31.6 35.1 1954 Aug. 13.8 ANTHRAC!TE........................... 35.4 34.5 34.5 32.4 31.0 29.4 B!TUM!N0US-C0AL...................... 210.2 208.5 215.2 192.2 190.8 196.5 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AMD NATURAL-GAS PRODUCT!ON.......................... 310.0 308.3 306.3 P e t r o l e u m and n a t u r a l - g a s p r o d u c t i o n ( e x c e p t c o n t r a c t s e r v i c e s ) ............. NONMETALUC M!N!N0 AMD QUARRYING........ ........................ MOMBUtLDtMO C O M S T R U C H O M ................. H i g h w a y and s t r e e t ........................ O t h e r n o n b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n ......... BU!LD!MG C O M S T R U C H O M ....................... - 108.9 2,733 573 278.5 294.4 2,160 - - 107.5 2,701 567 272.3 295.1 2,134 2,735 315.5 2,151 855.5 915.2 SPEC!AL-TRADE CONTRACTORS................. 1,296.7 1,278.8 289.9 161.5 150.1 677.3 1,236.2 293.1 160.2 158.6 165.1 149.4 686.9 - 129.7 135.7 93.5 91.8 92.1 - - - - - - - - - 584 268.4 863.6 295.3 - 130.1 107.6 GENERAL CONTRACTORS........................ P l u m b i n g and h e a t i n g ...................... P a i n t i n g and d e c o r a t i n g .................. E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ............................ O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ........ - - - - - - - - 624.3 MM/f/MTH/R/M?................................... 16,819 16,475 15,822 13,281 12,951 12,418 DURABLE GOODS............................. MOMDURABLE GOODS ............................. 9,595 7,224 6 ,964 9,511 8,820 7,002 7,576 5,705 7,499 5,452 6,890 5,528 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSOR!ES.............. 131.1 132.3 145.0 88.0 88.6 100.8 FOOD AND KtNDRED PRODUCTS............. 1,703.9 330.3 131.3 1,603.0 328.1 132.9 265.2 123.0 289.9 27.4 71.2 224.3 141.0 1,677.7 1,248.3 259.1 88.6 1,238.1 250.7 351.3 125.3 326.9 89.0 172.2 l,150.4 257.4 89.9 174.2 174.2 86.8 33.0 110.4 Meat p r o d u c t s ............................... D a i r y p r o d u c t s .............................. B a k e r y p r o d u c t s ............................ S u g a r ......................................... C o n f e c t i o n e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s . . . . B e v e r a g e s .................................... M i s c e l l a n e o u s food p r o d u c t s ............. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES....................... C i g a r e t t e s ................................... T o b a c c o s t e m m i n g and r e d r y i n g .......... 361.2 122.6 289.2 29.1 76.1 223.1 141.0 H 3 .7 33.2 38.1 7.4 35.0 36.5 7.1 10.2 321.2 126.3 286.0 31.4 79-2 218.6 138.4 31.9 39.9 7.7 30.9 23.7 62.4 127.1 99.3 105.8 30.4 36.4 6.4 32.6 232.5 89.1 22.0 57-7 128.6 99.0 79.1 30.1 34.8 6.0 8.2 84.7 319.6 92.2 26.0 65.0 126.8 98.9 102.0 29.2 37.9 6.7 28.2 . Tabte A -2: A)! emptoyees and production workers in nonagricutturat estab!ishm ents, by industry - Continued Production workers TEXT!LE-M)LL PRODUCTS........................................ Aug. 1.074.7 6.6 131.2 467.8 N a r r o w f a b r i c s an d s m a l l w a r e s .............. K n i t t i n g m i l l s ................................. D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s .............. C a r p e t s , rugs, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ..... H a t s ( e x c e p t c l o t h and m i l l i n e r y .......... APPAREL AMD OTHER F!M!SHED TEXHLE PRODUCTS................................................................ c l o t h i n g ........................................ W o m e n ' s o u t e r w e a r ............................. W o m e n ' s , c h i l d r e n ' s u n d e r g a r m e n t s ......... M i l l i n e r y ........................................ 31.2 222.4 88.3 49.8 12.7 64.7 L o g g i n g c a m p s and c o n t r a c t o r s .............. S a w m i l l s an d p l a n i n g m i l l s .................. Mi l l w o r k , p l y w o o d , and p r e f a b r i c a t e d July 1,045.6 6.4 1954 Aug. 1 ,066.8 7.6 30.7 214.0 468.2 29.9 222.4 127.6 456.5 86.1 43.7 11.9 126.9 86.5 50.2 13.6 Angf. 982.3 1955 6.1 121.5 440.6 July 953-5 5.8 118.2 77.0 42.0 11.3 54.6 429.2 26.5 193.6 74.9 40.9 10.5 53.9 27.0 202.2 1954 Aug. 973.6 7.0 117.4 439.7 26.1 201.7 75.6 41.7 12.1 52.3 63.7 61.5 1,229.4 123.4 1,152.1 1,180.9 1,100.7 111.7 1,025.1 98.9 1 ,054.2 323.5 364.9 117.1 21.7 72.1 308.5 296.5 356.9 110.5 21.8 299.5 323.3 284.0 19.3 16.1 273.4 317.0 97.5 19.4 10.9 65.4 11.3 130.4 LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURM!TURE)............................................................ 1955 799.3 122.1 421.9 110.4 337-7 111.8 18.5 70.8 56.8 126.3 788.1 123.6 415.7 124.0 72.1 11.7 62.2 125.2 104.9 65.4 8.4 59.1 109.1 297.0 99-5 64.2 9.0 50.5 105.9 111.5 65.8 8.9 55.8 104.9 658.2 81.0 353.9 730.4 115.1 U 7.2 386.7 591.5 7**.7 325.4 122.9 47.6 117.7 48.1 51.9 50.4 96.3 48.4 392.9 720.1 145.6 51.5 139.7 52.3 56.8 117.3 52.7 53.3 FURNITURE AMD FtXTURES...................................... 370.0 260.5 353.2 248.4 344.4 H o u s e h o l d f u r n i t u r e ........................... Office, p u b l i c - b u i l d i n g , and p r o f e s s i o n a l f u r n i t u r e .................................... 243.4 314.0 227-5 297.5 215.4 290.1 211.3 43.6 42.1 41.5 35.3 34.0 33-4 37.9 36.0 33.4 29.6 27.7 25.3 28.0 26.7 26.1 21.6 20.4 20.I 556.0 273.7 546.8 532.0 457.6 271.2 263.3 228.5 126.0 226.8 121.0 100.6 222.2 119.1 98.0 518.1 146.7 509.1 25.2 59.6 19.3 43.4 519.4 146.4 25.5 29.5 172.4 45.4 14.7 34.9 25.0 29.5 166.7 45.6 65.4 50.6 50.5 58.2 PAPER AMD ALL!ED PRODUCTS............................ 152.8 129.5 PRtMUMG, PUBL!SH!MG, AMD ALHED !MDUSTR!ES........................................................ N e w s p a p e r s .................................... P e r i o d i c a l s ................................... B o o k s .......................................... C o m m e r c i a l p r i n t i n g ........................ L i t h o g r a p h i n g ................................ G r e e t i n g c a r d s ............................... 810.1 297.6 61.5 48.5 212.9 59.8 19.5 43.5 66.8 148.3 127.3 145.1 123.6 297.6 807.7 793.8 291.4 48.5 48.6 213.1 205.5 60.8 59.1 18.8 43.2 66.6 60.6 103.1 448.4 29-5 172.8 44.5 14.1 34.8 46.7 ^39.3 144.0 14.3 34.4 49.6 3 industry Emptcyment Tab!e A -2: A!! emp!oyees and production workers !n nonagricuttura! estabiishments, by industry - Continued (In t h o u s a n d s ) All e m p l o y e e s 1955 Industry . Aug. CHEMtCALS AWD ALHED PRODUCTS............ I n d u s t r i a l i n o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ............. I n d u s t r i a l o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ............... p r e p a r a t i o n s ! . ............ P a i n t s , p i g m e n t s , an d f i l l e r s .............. G u m an d w o o d c h e m i c a l s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F e r t i l i z e r s ..................................... V e g e t a b l e and a n i m a l oils and f a t s ........ PRODUCTS OP PETROLEUM AND COAL........... Coke, o t h e r p e t r o l e u m and coa l p r o d u c t s . . RUBBER PRODUCTS......................... O t h e r r u b b e r p r o d u c t s ........................ LEATHER AWD LEATHER PRODUCTS............. L e a t h e r : ta n n e d , curr i e d , and f i n i s h e d . . . I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g and p a c k i n g . . . B o o t an d s h o e cut s t o c k and f i n d i n g s ..... L u g g a g e .......................................... H a n d b a g s and s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s .......... G loves and m i sc e l l a n e o u s leather goods... STOWE, CLAY, AWD GLASS PRODUCTS.......... G l a s s an d g l a s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or b l o w n . . . . G lass p r od u c t s made of p u r c ha s e d glass... P o t t e r y a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ............... C o n c r e t e , g y p sum, an d p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s . . . C u t - s t o n e an d s t o n e p r o d u c t s ............... Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral PRtMARY METAL tWDUSTRtES................. 812.0 107-9 313.2 93.0 50.8 73-2 8.1 29-5 73.3 38.6 96.6 29.7 37-9 95.7 256.4 256.1 255-8 52.0 49.8 204.4 52.0 276.0 118.4 27.7 129.9 392.1 43.6 5-0 16.9 253.8 19.7 33-1 20.0 8.1 204.1 273.9 II8.7 27.2 128.0 382.6 43.1 4.9 16.5 250.0 18.8 30.3 19.0 72.2 201.1 56.5 46.6 30.1 30.7 44.4 6.9 20.7 177.3 135.3 42.0 177.2 135.1 42.1 179-3 139.1 40.2 226.9 89.2 25.8 217.9 91.8 215.7 91.5 21.8 102.4 174.9 65.9 20.5 341.7 337.9 38.5 3.4 14.1 111.9 377-5 42.9 4.4 15.8 22.1 104.0 351.4 39.2 3.8 15.1 248.4 17.3 31.1 229.7 516.6 27.9 89.4 469.5 28.9 78.8 14.7 17.6 20.9 115.6 20.3 107.4 20.1 96.3 95.2 1,323.7 1,302^7 652.8 520.0 542.3 76.2 218.9 56.1 206.0 82.8 51.3 1954 Aug. 25.3 83.4 53.2 U7.5 30.6 46.8 7.0 July 61.5 15.9 42.8 77.5 16.4 44.4 1955 Aug. 544.6 76.4 220.1 55.0 6.1 23.2 26.8 547.8 32.2 89.6 Production workers 20.8 26.0 61.9 557.8 32.1 92.7 17.3 44.4 17.1 29.2 17.3 38.8 3.7 14.8 59.0 88.5 225.0 16.3 26.6 16.5 223.8 14.9 460.3 28.8 433.5 27.9 15.3 24.7 76.2 37.4 74.5 47.1 96.7 75-7 13.9 37.3 74.2 45.4 95.1 17.8 45.0 88.2 17.8 84.8 73.1 72.1 63.1 1,160.7 1,118.9 1 ,098.0 967.3 559.6 483.5 50.8 570.9 18.3 567.2 13.7 36.0 68.8 244.3 239.9 209.2 214.8 210.3 66.7 56.2 63.7 53.3 43.5 52.3 12.9 11.6 12.3 9.8 8.6 9.1 107.8 83.4 149.I 110.2 83.4 100.7 85.4 68.9 87.7 an d a l l o y i n g o f N o n f e r r o u s f o u n d r i e s .......................... Miscellaneous primary metal industries... 50.1 92.0 50.5 70.5 7.2 31-7 38.5 91.4 S e c o n d a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g o f drawing, 808.9 108.4 314.6 92.2 659.5 Ro l l i n g , July 1954 Aug. 779.9 102.3 295.8 148.6 71.3 132.6 119.5 68.9 119.4 181.3 79.7 56.3 105.1 tndu^ try } m p ! o \ m e n l Tabie A -2: A!! em p ioyees and production workers in nonagricuitura! estabtishments, by industry - Continued P roduction workers All e m p l o y e e s July 1,093.1 64.5 144.9 1,077-5 1,026.6 63.2 879.4 62.6 137.7 118.1 134.1 128.2 283.8 126.7 279.7 105.2 Aug. FABRtCATEO METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHtMERY, AND TRAMSPORTATtOM EQUtPMEMT)................................................................ C u tl e r y , h a n d tools, and h a r d w a r e ......... "plu^bers^suppllei^^^ ^ Fabricated structural metal products..... M e t a l s t a m p i n g , c o a t i n g , and e n g r a v i n g . . . L i g h t i n g f i x t u r e s ............................. Fabricated wire products. ... ....... . Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL).......................... E n g i n e s and t u r b i n e s . ......................... A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y and t r a c t o r s ...... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y m a c h i n e r y ( except 1C 55 1954 Aug. Industry 287.4 214.0 46.3 62.9 139.0 1,566.9 79.5 153.7 133.4 145.1 212.8 45.2 62.6 137.2 1,573.5 80.7 164.2 130.6 196.8 4 i.i 55.5 Aug. 57.1 217.3 178.8 37.3 52.1 1 1 1 .3 122.0 94.6 196.9 1,094.5 50.4 99.8 88.4 197.0 126.8 124.8 140.3 180.7 179.3 233.2 105.5 173.0 227.5 175.6 97.3 198.1 252.8 249.0 234.2 ELECTRtCAL MACHtMERY............................................. 1,140.5 1,108.2 1 ,060.5 367.8 66.1 355.7 101.9 164.0 ^dis^butifr'anrindust^ 374.8 E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e s ........................ I n s u l a t e d w i r e and c a b l e .................... E l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t for v e h i c l e s ......... E l e c t r i c l a m p s ................................. C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ...................... M i s c e l l a n e o u s e l e c t r i c a l p r o d u c t s ......... 68.3 25.1 76.0 26.0 521.7 48.6 499.4 47-3 483.7 46.8 TRAMSPORTATtOM EQUtPMEMT..................................... 1 ,821.2 890.7 1 ,854.9 921.2 1,649.3 713.7 754.4 481.9 140.7 13.2 162.2 32.3 45.5 101.3 1,159.5 %.9 127.4 155.6 80.7 126.9 197.6 A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s and p a r t s ................. A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s and p a r t s ............. O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s and e q u i p m e n t ...... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ..... S h i p b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ................. B o a t b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ................ 99.5 212.4 1,151.8 72.2 233.4 104.8 169.7 742.3 36.1 51.8 55-8 1H .0 1,497.2 258.0 740.4 481.6 140.2 13.1 99.8 213.5 177.2 820.0 111.3 G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ............... O f f i c e and s t o r e m a c h i n e s and d e v i c e s . ... S e r v i c e — i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s . . M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s .............. A u t o m o b i l e s ..................................... A i r c r a f t and p a r t s ............................ 862.9 55.1 118.1 1954 Aug. 113.5 258.9 76.2 26.0 July 125.9 122.9 258.6 25.4 1955 61.8 23.4 64.6 24.5 4 7 4 .9 146.5 16.5 116.5 57.8 155.8 152.2 130.6 193.5 120.3 181.2 832.7 802.0 766.3 262.5 54.9 19.6 61.0 22.6 375.6 36.5 255.7 244.5 49.3 1 ,383.4 726.2 501.0 326.5 88.7 8.7 77.1 105.0 85.9 19.1 1,238.4 42.6 8.6 1,419.9 760.5 501.7 326.2 89.I 8.9 77.5 107.9 87.9 20.0 41.9 7.9 81.5 52.8 20.0 61.7 22.7 353.8 35.3 8o.4 18.5 50.3 21.2 347.7 34.8 562.0 528.1 332.9 96.4 11.7 87.I 103.3 86.8 100.6 57.7 O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............. 10.4 106.5 125.0 102.0 23.0 56.7 9-7 50.8 10.5 tMSTRUMEMTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS.................... 315.1 314.8 305.1 219.5 218.6 213.8 50.0 50.1 47.9 29.I 29.3 27.9 86.4 86.0 12.9 80.6 61.2 60.6 56.6 10.6 28.3 28.0 ^instruments^^^"' "In^rumeitr^"^^ ^ ^ controlling 105.5 122.0 99.8 22.2 i n s t r u m e n t s and l e n s e s ............. 12.6 O p h t h a l m i c g o o d s ............................... P h o t o g r a p h i c a p p a r a t u s ....................... W a t c h e s and c l o c k s ............................ 40.8 24.2 67.4 33.7 Optical 40.6 24.1 68.0 33.1 119.9 19-3 13.3 39.6 22.7 66.7 34.3 9-7 19-3 44.5 27.4 9.9 19.1 44.7 27.O 16.5 36.2 8.8 27.3 18.0 45.0 28.4 5 tndust! y Employment Tabie A -2: A!! em pioyees and production workers in nonag ricuitura! estabiishments, by industry - Continued All employees Industry MtSCELLAMEOUS MAMUFACTUHW6 tMDUSTRtES... Jewelry, silverware, and p l a t e d w a r e . . . . To y s a nd s p o r t i n g g o o d s .................... Pens, p e n c i l s , o t h e r o f f i c e s u p p l i e s . . . . C o s t u m e j e w e l r y , b u t t o n s , n o t i o n s ........ F a b r i c a t e d p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s .............. O t h e r m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ........... Aug. 476.3 52.5 17.8 92.3 29.8 66.0 76.1 141.8 1955 July 457.6 48.7 17.5 88.5 29.2 62.7 73-5 137.5 Production workers 1954 Aug. 456.3 51.7 16.6 84.9 29.2 64.6 68.0 141.3 M M S P M M r / P # M P P4/RA/C #77^/77fS....... 4,134 4,113 4,018 TRAHSPORTATtOH.......................... 2,765 2,749 1,239.7 1,090.8 112.4 2,686 1,220.2 1,070.7 I n t e r s t a t e r a i l r o a d s .......................... C l a s s 1 r a i l r o a d s .......................... L o c a l r a i l w a y s an d bu s l i n e s ............... 1,242.5 1,093-3 113.0 773.2 Aug. 388.2 42.2 15.2 78.2 22.1 54.7 61.4 114.4 1955 Julv 371.7 38.7 14.8 74.6 21.5 51.6 59.3 111.2 1954 Aug. 373.3 41.8 14.2 71.2 21.9 54.2 55.0 115.0 - - - - - - - 762.0 125.5 715.7 117.0 45.8 116.2 104.5 COMMUmCAHOM........................... T e l e p h o n e ............................. 773 731.0 4i.6 770 727.4 42.0 744 702.7 40.9 - - <- OTHER PUBLIC UT)L!T!ES.................. Ga s a n d e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s .............. E l e c t r i c l i g h t a n d p o w e r u t i l i t i e s ..... 596 572.0 588 565.1 252.4 - - - 254.8 145.4 594 570.8 254.5 144.4 - - - 171.8 171.9 170.7 23-5 23.4 23.1 O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n a n d s e r v i c e s . ........ Bu s lines, e x c e p t l o c a l ............... Ai r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( c o m m o n c a r r i e r ) .... E l e c t r i c l i g h t a n d ga s u t i l i t i e s Lo c a l u t i l i t i e s , 636.0 *5-5 634.4 624.5 45.9 - 142.0 not e l sewhere - - W M M f M A f M D RfM/A M M D f ............... 10,643 10,633 10,321 - - - WHOLESALE TRADE ......................... 2,864 2,858 2,794 - - - RETAtL TRADE ............................ 7,779 1,316.7 1,498.7 787.7 540.3 3,635.1 7,775 1,313.4 1,505.7 784.9 552.8 3,616.4 7,537 - * - 2,240 2,237 G e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s e s t o r e s .............. A p p a r e l an d a c c e s s o r i e s s t o r e s . . . ...... /AfN/MAfCf, M D M M A f S M f f ....... B a n k s and t r u s t c o m p a n i e s ................... S e c u r i t y d e a l e r s an d e x c h a n g e s .......... I n s u r a n c e c a r r i e r s an d a g e n t s ........... O t h e r f i n a n c e a g e n c i e s a nd r e a l esta t e . . . MRtWf M P ................. 561.3 80.2 802.0 796.1 5,819 575-3 560.7 79.4 798.6 798.7 5,816 ............................... FEDERAL ................................. STATE AHu LOCAL .......................... 6 1,434.4 760.1 535.4 3,526.5 2,151 538.0 69.2 779.9 763.6 574.2 5,750 578.9 339.0 155-7 239-9 332.2 155.8 239.7 Personal services: 338.4 151.3 239.5 1,280.3 - - - - ** - - - 6,717 6,696 6,563 - - - 2,190 2,187 2,157 4,406 - - - 4,527 4,509 Tab)* A-3: index*! of production-worker *mp)oym*nt and weekty payrott !n manufacturing Annual average 191 9 192 0 1921......... 192 2 192 3 192 4 1923......... 192 6 Production-worker employment Number (in thousands) (1 9 4 7 - 4 9 8,499 8,529 6,328 7,223 8.269 7,678 7,947 8,097 7,983 7,937 192 7 192 8 = 100) 68.7 69.0 52.8 38.4 66.9 62.1 64.2 63.5 64.1 64.2 (1 9 4 7 -4 9 - 100) 31.1 37.1 24.0 23.7 32.6 30.4 32.1 330 32.4 32.8 192 9 193 0 193 1 193 2 193 3 193 4 1933......... 193 6 193 7 193 8 8,443 7,338 6,212 3,273 3,840 8,666 58.8 6 39 70.1 193 9 194 0 194 1 194 2 194 3 194 4 1943......... 194 6 194 7 194 8 8,192 8.811 10,877 12,834 13,014 66.2 71.2 29.9 34.0 103.9 12,864 104.0 72.2 99.0 102.8 87.8 81.2 194 195 195 193 193 193 1933: 7,900 7,372 14,607 12,103 12,793 12,713 11,397 12,317 13,135 13,144 13,833 9 0 1 2 3 4 1934: 6.811 7.269 12,388 July... Aug.... Sept... Oct.... Nov.... Dec.... Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May___ June... July... Aug.... 12,179 12,418 12,377 12,612 12,657 12,643 12,323 12,649 12,778 68.3 393 30.2 42.6 47.2 35.1 59-6 879 121.4 118.1 979 103.4 102.8 93-8 99-6 106.4 106.3 111.8 101.8 27.2 32.6 233 49.3 97-7 103.1 97.2 111.7 129.8 136.6 131.4 137-7 98.3 100.4 101.7 131.9 134.8 102.0 139.1 142.2 143.1 101.2 102.3 103.3 141.3 144.4 146.6 146.7 102.3 102.2 12,816 12,882 13,086 104.1 105.8 12,951 104.7 107.4 13,281 330 28.3 21.3 14.8 139 20.4 23.3 103.6 138.0 130.1 152.1 151.0 134.8 363282 0 - 55 - 4 JL Shipyards Tabte A -4: Emptoyees in Government and private shipyards, by region (In thousands) 1954 19 5 5 Region m August July- Rf6/<MS............................................. 2 0 7 .8 2 0 9 .8 208.3 PR!VATE YARDS............................................... 99.8 1 0 2 .0 1 0 0 .6 1 0 8 .0 1 0 7 .8 1 0 7 .7 8 6 .7 3 9 .1 4 7 .6 MAVY YARDS................................................... NORTH ATLAHT!C................................... SOUTH ATLAHHC................................... August 8 8 .2 8 8 .2 4o.8 47.4 40.8 47.4 3 6 .6 1 5 .6 21.0 3 6 .6 1 5 .8 2 0 .8 20.0 2 2 .9 2 3 .0 22.4 51.4 11.8 39-6 53.0 13.4 39.6 5 2 .8 12.7 4o.i 3.0 3 .5 4.8 5.7 5.5 4 .2 3 7 .4 1 7 .4 GULF: PACtFtC......................................... GREAT LAKES: !MLAHD: 1/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. s The Inland region includes all other yards. 2/ Data include Curtis Bay Coast Guard Yard. 8 Fcdc; j! ^rnmen! Tab!e A-5: Federa! personne), civi!ian and mititary (In thousands) TOTAL FEDERAL CtVtDAW EMPLOYMENT ^ ............................................... August July August 2,190 2,187 2,161.3 2,130.9 1 ,036.4. 510.6 1 ,020.6 505.7 2,164.3 1,040.0 510.2 614.2 614.3 2,157 604.6 21.3 4.1 21.6 22.0 231.9 232.4 227.3 211.5 211.9 206.4 90.9 91.1 8.3 4.0 4.0 U2.2 112.3 er.o 3*8 110.6 19.7 .7 19.8 20.2 8.6 TOTAL MtHTARY PERSOMMEL 4 / .................................................................. 1954 1953 B r a n c h and a g e n c y .7 .T 2,972 2,969 3,318 1 ,123.8 1 ,120.3 1,394.9 958.3 714.1 958.3 639.0 201.9 29.0 9%.l 659.9 203.7 26.7 222.0 28.9 1/ D a t a r e f e r to C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s only. 2/ I n c l u d e s all e x e c u t i v e a g e n c i e s (e x c e p t the C e n t r a l I n t e l l i g e n c e Agency), and G o v e r n m e n t c o r p o r a t i o n s . C i v i l i a n e m p l o y m e n t in n a v y yards, a rsenals, h o s p i t a l s , and on f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t i o n is als o included. 3/ I n c l u d e s all F e d e r a l c i v i l i a n e m p l o y m e n t in W a s h i n g t o n S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n A r e a ( D i s t r i c t o f C o l u m b i a and a d j a c e n t M a r y l a n d and V i r g i n i a c o unties). 4/ D a t a r e f e r to C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s and e l sewhere. - 2 . S tate Employment Tab!e A -6: Emptoyees in nonagricuttura) estab!ishments, by industry division and State (In thousands) TOTAL State Aug. Arizona.................. Arkansas.jL/.............. California............... Colorado................. Connecticut.............. Delaware................. 660.3 209.9 313.7 4,103.7 425.2 860.8 - 494.2 851.9 District of Columbia..... Georgia.................. Illinois................. Indiana.................. Iova..................... 935.4 139.6 3 ,330.0 1 ,386.1 Minnesota............. Missouri^ Montana Nebraska July 674.9 208.6 312.8 4,030.6 422.8 853.4 - 493 3 845.1 923 2 137.8 3,314.2 1,370.1 1,798.6 2,340.1 880.0 870.9 343.1 1,262.4 162.4 352.3 185.4 New Mexico, i/............. 1 ,810.3 180.9 1,793 9 North Dakota............. South Carolina........... South Dakota, .......... Tennessee................ 277.2 796.7 1,770.5 2,217.9 864.8 334.5 1,243.0 161.4 346.9 3,594.7 523.1 125.5 836.3 514.5 505.1 2,271.4 221.1 104.3 904.1 766.2 480.8 1,1115 89-9 290.6 126.6 830.6 2,258.5 220.9 103.4 897 9 762.2 472.1 1 ,112.0 899 (3/) 4.4 4.7 4.4 30.1 6.6 36.5 13.4 (2/) (3/) 7.4 4.6 4.7 18.9 87.7 57.3 33.9 16.2 17.0 283.0 26.8 49.5 - 18.1 41.6 40.0 36.3 .5 47.8 15.6 47.4 18.8 36.8 2.2 2.2 39-5 .6 34.1 15.7 17.3 290.3 27.2 49.3 - 38.8 31.8 10.4 18.9 36.6 39-3 .5 Contract construction 19^4 1955 Aug. Aug. July 84.4 57.1 10.1 175-2 77.1 38.5 19.1 37.1 3.0 10.6 176.9 79.4 - - 64.3 36.8 40.8 55.6 18.1 3.0 9.1 10.9 17.6 3-1 8.8 18.5 71.6 67.9 61.7 10.6 10.4 18.9 76.3 11.7 25.5 10.4 10.7 110.1 16.0 108.2 16.0 101.8 14.7 254.3 49.5 14.0 167.3 33.9 4.8 11.1 1.8 3.8 .3 4.8 13.3 10.9 1.7 95.0 (3/) 1.0 2.5 9-6 2.9 8.9 ll.l 1.9 4.9 .2 4.4 13.2 11.6 3-9 66.8 19.1 75.3 12.6 (4/) 249.9 48.0 2.1 21.1 50.8 12.7 165.8 32.8 1.4 97.9 (3/) 29.8 200.8 18.3 248.0 48.1 12.2 163.5 33-5 2,1925 128.6 128.0 125.8 170.6 27.7 203.4 17.9 38.7 10.3 55.4 170.4 214.0 102.8 877.5 10.7 1.4 10.5 1.4 15.9 2.2 74.0 4.2 8.4 13.1 1.4 14.4 2.3 72.5 4.2 9.8 16.9 16.5 92.8 10.7 180.2 87.1 111.8 1.8 95-2 (3/) 1.1 2.4 9.6 458.6 1,068.7 19.3 84.8 46.6 16.6 (3/) 456.0 718.1 - 15.1 (3/) 4.0 2.1 22.1 50.5 125.2 817.0 260.9 26.8 43.0 15.3 4.0 2.2 22.3 50.9 286.7 31.9 16.4 17.1 15.8 66.0 86.7 106.7 2.2 988.0 119.4 2,907.2 533-5 13.6 10.4 3-3 13.2 10.9 484.1 3,665.3 11.1 6.3 37.9 14.4 (2/) - 3.4 1,775 7 175-4 5,860.7 494.3 3,679 3 297.8 117.8 5.2 4.7 4.5 30.5 10.3 (4/) 3.9 .3 3,037.1 548.3 118.7 6.3 38.1 80.7 181.2 3,053.7 547.6 See footnotes at end of table. - 5,634.4 994.7 Virginia................. -IP 180.4 623.2 5,890.4 1 ,013.8 Utah..................... West Virginia............ 884.6 140.6 3 ,265.0 1,284.6 691.4 345.1 1,266.3 164.0 (4/) !&.l 15.4 (3/) 690.5 280.1 815.2 1 ,782.4 2,368.3 693 9 16.0 13.4 491.2 819.8 546.3 280.3 820.5 1954 Aug. 843.6 - 547.6 - - Mining 1955 Aug. July 14.6 (2/) * 546.9 ........ New Haapshire. 653.8 197.3 306.2 3 ,911.1 409.7 631.4 88.9 185.1 Nevada. j X ................ 1954 Aug. 635 9 Kansas. ............... Kentucky................. Louisiana................ Maine.................... Massachusetts............ 1955 16.0 2.3 74.3 4.3 8.4 1.0 2.5 9-2 39-4 99 55-0 5.4 6 30 52.3 23.7 65.7 7.1 5.4 62.4 51.6 21.2 63.5 7.2 14.7 63.4 76.6 127-5 17.3 73.0 12.5 24.0 10.0 10.3 26.6 191.9 16.1 39-7 12.2 60.6 156.3 13.9 5.2 62.4 51.9 21.6 57.2 7.9 Sla!e f m p ! o \ m e r i t Tabte A-6: Emptoyees in nonagricutturat estabtishments, by industry division and State - Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing State Aug. Alabama Arizona Arkansas California 1955 Aug. Aug. 222.8 31.6 234.0 31.4 222.0 26.2 48.7 21.0 66.3 1,099.1 64.7 1 ,090.6 4io.i 406.9 60.5 16.0 16.0 123.0 329.2 27.2 Idaho......................... Illinois ................................................................................. * 1 ,262.3 620.6 168.8 Kanaa. l/ y tuckv Louisiana Maine Marvland MaBBachUBettB Mi Chigan MiBBiBBinni Missouri Montana Nebras ka Nevada l/* Nev Hantpshire 122.4 167.3 149.6 112.8 266.3 Virginia......... ........... West Virginia................ Wyoming .................... 64.1 407.0 60.0 16.2 323.8 119.6 306.2 26.9 1 ,243.4 606.8 165.1 1,197.5 550.3 163.4 124.5 150.7 149.4 112.7 132.9 148.7 150.9 260.9 28.1 112.3 259.1 674.3 991.6 669.4 1 ,126.0 213.0 210.5 99.4 383 5 211.1 58.3 5-1 58.1 1,091.7 99.6 390-7 20.2 (4/) 5.1 82.5 91.2 Utah......................... 80.2 683.8 785.2 17.8 Nev Mexico. ............. ... 1,893.5 Nev York................. 453.7 6.9 North Dakota Ohio......................... 1,342.8 Pe nnsvlvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Te nne BBee Texas 85.0 63.2 124.5 lova 19 55 July 85.4 1,157.3 Cd o r Ado Connecticut Delavare District ^ 1954 Transportation and public utilities 161.3 1,476.4 132.7 229.0 11.9 287.6 442.8 32.8 37.1 249.1 212.7 135.6 464.9 6.5 20.1 96.4 376.6 19.7 81.1 5.1 79.7 29.4 343.4 45.4 42.7 - 25.8 76.6 69.6 16.1 301.0 101.6 58.7 Aug. Aug. 48.9 49.1 145.2 - 339.1 45.4 37.3 331.5 43.5 42.6 137.9 52.4 74.6 913.0 114.6 144.1 - - - 21.0 29.2 26.6 76.5 69.3 15.9 300.3 101.4 59.2 66.4 57.0 81.9 80.5 20.1 19.6 29.6 29.6 74.9 90.7 249.4 67.2 15.9 297.3 207.0 34.8 689.4 98.6 58.7 64.5 57.0 81.8 20.4 20.6 74.9 118.4 151.6 74.3 113.4 151.2 143.8 91.6 90.7 26.4 91.5 26.7 127.2 23.0 (4/) 9.8 10.9 145.4 127.8 23.0 43.7 9.9 10.9 145.1 19.0 75.4 117.9 27.1 125.8 22.6 43.3 9.1 229.9 227.1 218.2 49.4 154.6 133.3 1,423.8 320.9 48.5 46.5 310.3 223.4 11.9 219.4 48.0 316.9 14.5 24.8 10.4 58.7 224.9 1 ,458.0 127.6 83.8 128.9 11.8 14.5 50.4 15.7 25.1 10.3 58.7 283.0 435.7 273.9 426.8 227.0 34.3 32.2 23.2 36.1 244.4 209.2 130.7 466.2 6.5 36.3 242.1 175.5 125.2 438.2 6.7 8.4 84.2 66.3 51.9 78.1 15.8 50.4 23.1 8.3 84.1 65.4 51.5 78.4 15.7 483.4 59.5 14.3 15.8 25.2 10.3 58.0 223.3 22.9 8.6 79.4 64.6 49.5 77.8 15.6 Aug. 137.2 52.5 74-9 909 3 114.5 1353 49.4 735 883-6 110.9 145.1 90.8 248.5 200.1 34.4 690.9 282.4 170.0 134.4 124.0 - 89.7 238.5 203.7 35-1 694.3 273 7 170.1 130.0 125.1 166.5 370.9 452.9 163.1 53-8 161.3 370.8 438.2 219.5 83.4 305.9 218.2 82.9 307.6 216.9 81.9 310.9 (V) 94.2 19.0 93-6 41.7 319.8 18.3 1954 July 162.9 54.2 167.4 373.7 453.1 54.1 146.3 60.3 435.4 6.9 1,333.5 90.5 487.9 134.1 124.5 163.5 10.9 487.3 59.8 14.4 19.0 282.7 170.5 19.1 33.3 771.6 17.1 1,906.9 435.7 6.9 1,243.1 768.7 17.8 1 ,829.9 1955 July 66.3 57.1 1954 Wholesale and retail trade 41.0 40.7 33-4 17.1 32.8 321.2 316.2 40.2 1,255-5 1977 37-8 573 5 131.4 41.8 1,264.4 199-4 37-6 584.3 131.4 4i.4 1,274.7 109-3 681.4 532 995 39-9 108.9 683.2 107.8 678.3 52.2 959 198.8 37-2 582.5 132.5 535 98.5 39-6 4o.o 183.9 606.0 182.6 6o4.4 181.1 587.1 52.7 51-9 512 19.6 19.8 198.2 168.6 82.5 227.8 19.7 19.8 198.0 171.1 82.3 229.1 19.7 193-8 165.8 80.7 227.3 20.2 See footnotes at end of table. 11 State t m p i o y m c n t Tab)# A-6: Emptoyees !n nonagricuttura) estabtishments, by industry division and State - Continued (In thousands) State Finance, insurance, and real estate Aug. 1955 23.7 8.6 9.8 California.................... Connecticut................... Georgia....................... Illinois...................... Kansas.i/..................... Kentucky...................... 187.8 18.9 46.5 - 23.3 45.3 34.0 4.5 172.3 46.8 27.5 19.6 18.8 186.7 18.8 22.3 59.3 7.7 9.2 178.6 17.6 27.6 27.5 71.4 71.1 19.6 18.6 18.9 18.6 57.8 57.7 46.9 45.0 98.2 68.4 41.8 9.5 41.6 40.5 101.8 90.4 9.4 63.1 5.7 19.7 2.2 5-6 86.9 9.3 61.4 5.2 19.1 1.9 5-5 36.3 148.2 20.7 (4/) 24.9 23.0 64.2 5.9 422.2 29.6 4.8 95.7 20.2 187.7 22.8 823.4 91.7 14.5 54.1 391.1 29.9 39.7 Ohio.......................... Oklahoma...................... 5.1 100.4 21.0 17.7 133.7 12.7 13.5 5.1 29.6 102.5 17.7 134.2 12.7 13.3 5-1 29.6 102.5 17.6 132.7 12.2 12.8 5.0 8.9 3.2 38.3 32.2 11.4 39.3 2.3 9.2 3.2 8.4 3.1 35.7 30.3 11.4 37.9 2.1 West Virginia................. 56.9 89.0 - 373.2 425.0 30.9 5-0 101.3 21.1 Utah.......................... 522.0 373.4 70.7 30.6 59.6 24.6 35.5 501.4 56.3 171.8 64.7 122.3 88.0 16.8 70.9 5.6 (V) 2.2 5.6 59.6 26.4 34.6 23.4 43.1 32.3 4.3 171.7 24.0 7.6 37.1 89.8 Aug. 23.1 45.1 33-9 4.5 - 64.7 6.3 38.1 31.8 11.5 39.3 2.3 28.8 99.0 280.6 55-4 16.6 88.9 270.6 25.1 13.3 92.6 86.6 43.9 110.0 13.4 Government 1954 July 45.0 64.8 6.3 428.3 Rhode Island.................. South Carolina................ South Dakota..i/.............. Tennessee..................... Texas......................... 34.9 520.7 57.4 88.9 - 1955 46.4 - Nev Mexico ! / ................. Nev York...................... Oregon........................ 26.1 25.3 7.7 37-5 62.9 Nevada, i/..... ............... 23.7 8.7 9.7 Aug. 62.5 78.6 28.6 88.0 223.5 208.4 25.3 7-7 37.4 Massachusetts................. July Service and miscellaneous 1954 Aug. 65.O 122.9 88.4 16.6 98.0 62.1 78.1 28.7 88.3 224.6 208.7 101.4 35.9 148.8 20.6 44.4 24.8 23.7 189.3 22.5 828.9 92.2 14.6 279 9 556 53.9 394.5 29.3 39-6 16.5 89.0 86.1 - 65.2 118.0 87.7 17.0 368.6 98.4 71.3 55-9 62.2 76.1 28.6 86.1 224.5 56.0 41.3 56.1 653.1 653.5 79.2 79.2 254.8 253-7 140.3 145.9 80.8 13.8 140.9 145.6 25.1 324.2 146.4 97-0 86.0 91.8 107.9 4o.4 118.4 81.3 13.8 25.0 329.2 147.0 96.7 86.1 90.9 107.4 40.3 118.6 118.2 39.8 54.5 628.0 77.1 74.9 12.8 247.9 133.5 136.3 24.8 323.6 143.8 92.5 84.5 86.9 103.6 39.3 112.1 122.6 67.5 147.0 29.3 123.4 64.4 22.8 19.4 122.8 67.1 146.5 29.2 64.7 13.7 191.9 44.1 729.6 125.5 25.3 327.1 114.2 186.4 42.4 710.8 120.7 25.3 314.6 71.6 68.9 368.8 19.8 184.8 23-6 816.O 91.4 14.2 273.8 57.7 53.9 391.0 28.5 399 16.0 237.5 64.6 13.5 192.5 44.0 732.1 126.1 25.4 327.5 114.5 71.8 379.8 35.3 75.8 87.3 29.6 123.0 23.6 50.8 92.2 86.0 43.0 109.4 13.8 162.7 12.8 13.4 121.6 Aug. 101.3 35.2 145-5 21.0 44.3 24.7 13.3 93-1 110.1 122.4 4l.l "WT 224.2 236.9 266.0 86.2 31Hy * 225.1 204.9 269.4 43.5 Aug. 323.3 15.7 145.2 57.5 121.4 16.7 19.4 38O.I 35.1 75.2 30.6 122.7 323 2 219.5 226.9 140.9 28.6 62.5 12.8 19.0 106.3 33.0 71.2 27.5 118.1 308.2 50.7 48.7 161.9 144.7 57.4 157.5 141.7 54.7 15.8 121.3 16.7 156 116.7 16.7 l/ Revised series; not strictly comparable vith previously published data. 2/ Mining combined vith construction. 3/ Mining combined vith service. 4/ Not available. Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia portions of the Washington, D. C., Metropolitan area included in data for District of Columbia. AiCi Tab!e A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricuttura) estabtishments for seiected areas, by industry division (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1954 1955 division Aug. July Aug. Area and industry division ALABAMA Birmingham Total.................* Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Los Angeles 176.3 Fincmcc Scrvic$ Mobile Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. 6.6 13-9 48.7 16.3 44.4 11.6 ARIZONA Phoenix Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................ GovcrnBB nt Tucson Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Government............. ARKANSAS Little RockN. Little Rock 2/ Total.................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Service l/............ . CALIFORNIA Fresno 11.3 14.0 64.0 16.4 44.0 11.7 ll.l 11.3 61.3 16.4 42.6 10.7 15.9 18.9 18.8 15.9 80.0 80.2 4.0 17.4 11.1 74.8 1.3 16.4 10.3 17.1 2.5 8.2 18.9 3.9 17.6 10.8 17.1 2.6 8.4 Government............. 196.1 188.0 19.8 101.1 .1 8.0 17.8 9-5 29.5 5.8 12.7 17.7 43.6 1.8 3.3 7.2 5-0 10.3 1.6 6.5 7-9 17.0 2.6 8.4 19.7 102.9 .3 8.5 18.2 9.6 29.8 5.8 12.9 17.8 43.8 15.9 19.2 94.3 .2 8.3 15.1 8.7 27.4 5.1 12.1 17.4 1.9 3.3 7.2 5.0 39-9 1.7 3.1 4.9 4.9 6.6 1.5 6.3 7-9 10.1 1.6 8.1 Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Service Government Sacramento 69.4 6.6 11.9 7.8 San Diego Total................. Mining................ Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... San Francisco-Oakland Total............... . Mining.. . . ....... . . Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... 4.6 4.6 9.7 11.8 17.1 9.7 11.8 14.6 17.2 13.1 15.0 15.1 133.4 689.9 127.6 430.7 92.5 265.9 209.3 1,949.4 14.9 1,845.4 14.6 428.6 413.9 130.4 682.1 125.1 118.8 636.4 123.5 92.2 87.1 251.8 266.4 209.7 11.1 14.6 28.3 27.7 25.9 185.2 183.5 .2 45.8 45.4 10.9 180.8 .2 12.0 .2 13.1 10.9 41.6 7-2 24.8 4i.6 COLORADO Denver Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Service................ Government............. 13.3 46.5 10.9 23.8 40.8 6.9 24.7 41.5 38.8 900.2 885.8 882.2 101.5 201.6 63.1 184.5 100.8 200.2 56.6 1.4 64.6 195.4 41.2 7.2 1.4 1.3 58.9 167-3 111.3 167.9 193.8 99.9 196.9 56.0 108.3 167.1 44.6 33.1 39.0 16.5 12.1 16.5 242.7 1.5 15.9 241.3 1.5 15.8 235.9 1.5 17.2 57.1 San Jose 199.3 14.1 111.3 9.6 67.1 5.2 11.6 7.9 17.3 4.3 9-5 11.4 1,964.4 San BemardinoRiverside-Ontario Stockton Manufacturing.......... 69-5 6.6 11.9 7.8 Number of employees 1954 195 $ ^ Aug. July Aug. 43.0 28.1 68.6 13.4 32.8 39.4 41.9 28.0 68.5 13.4 32.7 39.5 42.2 26.5 658 12.5 32.4 37-8 See footnotes at end of table. 13- Area Emptoyment Tabte A-7: Emptovees in nonagricuttura) estabiishment! for seiected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Total................ Contract construction l/ Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... Hartford Total................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... ____________ (in thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1222division July Aug. Aug. 119-3 6.2 117-8 6.1 69.2 68.3 18.6 18.8 5-7 2.6 9-5 7.5 193.6 Nev Britain Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. New Haven Total.................. Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Stamford Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance.......... ..... Service................ Government............. Waterbury Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. See footnotes at end of table. 14 10.0 72.6 7-5 38.1 27.6 4.9 5.7 65.4 5-7 2.7 9.6 7.5 9.4 7.4 194.4 9.9 74.3 6.3 38.7 27.2 20.1 20.2 17.8 17.8 41.4 1.4 40.7 1.4 26.8 2.0 5.3 .7 2.7 2.5 118.8 6.6 45.2 11.8 22.8 6.3 17.2 8.9 47.3 3.6 18.6 2.6 9.6 1.8 7-5 3.6 64.3 2.2 39.6 2.6 9-6 1.4 4.3 4.7 115.1 26.0 1.9 5-4 .7 2.7 2.5 118.0 6.3 45.3 10.9 22.9 6.3 17.3 9.0 47.1 3.6 18.7 2.3 9-6 1.8 7.5 3.6 65.9 2.1 41.6 2.2 9.6 1.4 4.3 4.8 18.9 2.6 192.6 9-6 73.3 7.5 37.7 27.3 19.8 17.5 40.9 1.4 26.5 2.0 5.3 .7 2.7 2.3 119.3 6.4 46.4 11.7 22.8 5.9 17.6 8.5 48.4 3.5 20.7 2.6 9.2 1.6 7.3 3.5 65.5 2.1 41.7 2.6 9.4 1.3 4.0 4.6 DELAWARE Wilmington Manufacturing. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing...... .. Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... FLORIDA Jacksonville Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Traifs. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Miami Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service ........... Government........... Tampa-St. Petersburg Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... SEORGIA Atlanta Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Number of emplo;fees %ir 1955 Aug. July Aug. 58.8 57.3 52.7 619.2 618.3 614.3 40.8 40.7 26.4 38.9 40.0 26.0 26.2 42.2 124.6 31.3 86.0 126.2 39-6 126.2 31.4 85.6 270.1 86.1 269.0 116.8 8.5 116.5 8.7 19.7 14.2 34.5 9.6 13.6 16.4 112.7 9.0 17.5 14.3 33.9 8.9 13.5 15.7 220.5 25.0 27.0 203.5 22.0 23-9 31.3 19.8 14.3 34.5 9.7 13.7 16.4 222.3 25.9 26.9 28.5 68.8 12.4 40.7 28.1 68.6 12.2 40.8 263.2 26.8 61.1 12.2 39.2 18.3 19.3 18.9 123.7 13.3 122.4 13.1 21.7 10.8 40.6 6.3 15.5 14.5 118.5 12.8 21.9 10.6 38.3 293.5 21.1 315.1 20.6 87-9 32.2 81.2 21.0 34.2 34.2 22.3 10.9 40.5 6.3 15.9 14.6 317.5 21.4 89.0 32.3 81.5 38.0 38.0 6.0 15-5 13.6 13.2 78.5 30.7 80.3 19.9 37.9 33-0 Arrj bnplcymt'rit Tabte A-7: Emptoyees !n nonag ricuttura! estabtishments for setected areas, by industry division (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1954 1955 division Aug. July _ Aug. Area and industry division GEORGIA - Continued Savannah 51.4 3-1 14.6 6.7 13.1 1.6 6.4 5.9 Contract construction.... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance Service 1/ Goveriuocnt IDAHO Boise 2/ Total................... 51.1 3.1 14.4 6.7 13.0 1.6 6.4 5.9 50.3 2.8 14.3 South Bend Total................ Trade Other nonmanufacturing. 6.5 12.9 1.6 6.2 6.0 IOWA Des Moines Total................. Contract construction.. Trans, and pub. util... 20.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 6.3 1.3 3.0 4.2 Manufactur 1ng Trans, and pub. util.... Fin&UCC Service CfOVCFIMBBnt 20.4 1.6 1.8 2.3 6.3 1.3 2.9 4.2 20.5 1.9 1.9 2.2 6.2 1.2 3.0 4.1 Finance............... Service 1/............ KANSAS Topeka 2/ Mining................ Contract construction.. ILLINOIS Chicago Mining.................. Contract construction.... Trans, and pub. util.... 2,503.2 3.6 117.3 1 ,002.7 222.0 510.4 142.4 290.3 214.4 Finance GoverxMBBnt 2,495.2 3.6 115.5 991.3 221.3 511.5 142.9 291.3 217.9 2,449.2 3.7 117.0 962.5 216.1 511.1 142.9 283.9 211.9 Trans, and pub. util... Finance Service CoverMoe nt Wichita Total................. Mining................ Contract construction.. Trans, and pub. util... INDIANA Evansville Total.................. Nonntanufactur ing 68.0 32.8 35.2 68.4 33.2 35.2 Fort Wayne 80.6 79-9 Total................... 3.1 3-3 Contract construction.... 37.4 37.6 7.4 7.3 Trans and pub util 17.3 17.5 Trade 3.5 3.5 Finance 11.3 H.3 Service Indianapolis Contract construction Manufacturing Trans and pub util Trade F inance Other nonmanufacturing... 282.4 ll.l 279.7 10.4 110.5 109.3 21.8 63.2 16.1 22.1 63.9 16.0 58.8 58.9 63.5 28.6 34.9 77.3 3.6 34.1 7.1 17.4 3.5 11.6 260.2 10.2 Finance Service Governnn nt LOUISIANA Baton Rouge Contract construction.. Trade Finance ^ New Orleans Mining................ Contract construction.. Number of employees 1954 1955 Aug. July Aug. 43.8 97.4 6.7 22.8 7.8 96.9 6.5 22.6 8.0 15.1 25.1 70.8 33.3 14.6 22.9 94.6 6.6 22.5 7.7 26.0 25.8 25.1 10.0 12.3 10.6 47.2 .2 4.0 6.2 7.6 9.5 2.4 5.8 11.7 47.4 .2 3.9 44.4 116.8 117.2 1.3 7.6 10.2 12.5 11.5 1.3 7.6 49.5 7.8 24.8 4.7 11.8 9.4 10.2 12.4 11.5 6.1 7.7 9.5 2.4 5.9 12.0 50.2 7.7 24.7 4.6 11.8 9.4 5.8 19.3 12.2 2.1 5.7 19.4 12.1 2.1 269.2 5.1 21.0 268.4 5.1 21.0 51.0 92.7 19.7 Trans, and pub. util... 43.2 67.4 15.5 58.9 Finance Service Gove rime nt 13.2 36.1 63.2 84.0 84.6 44.2 15.3 25.1 32.3 51.6 42.7 66.8 13.1 36.1 32.2 .2 3-1 4.6 7.6 9.3 2.3 5.5 11.9 118.7 1.3 7.4 53.2 7.4 24.5 4.6 11.4 9-1 7.0 19.0 11.7 1.9 269.6 5.1 23.0 52.0 42.8 67.2 12.9 35-3 31.5 See footnotes at end of table. 363282 0 - 55-5 15 Area Emptoyment Tabte A-7: Empioyee: in nonagricuttura! e:fab!i$hment: for setacfed areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division ______________ (in thousands) Number of employees Aug. MAINE Leviston Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l / ........... Government........... 28.0 1.3 15.0 1.1 3.2 .7 3.7 1.0 Portland Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l / ........... Government........... MARYLAND Baltimore Total................ Mining... ............ Contract construction. Manufacturing ....... Trans. and pub. util.. Trade.... .......... Finance.............. Service.............. Government .......... MASSACHUSETTS Boston Total.... ........... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l / ........... Government........... 33-9 3.8 14.0 6.4 14.9 3.3 8.1 3.4 362.8 .8 40.7 196.5 37.2 lU.l 28.5 60.9 67.1 952.4 50.9 279.7 792 214.6 66.0 129.2 132.8 Fall River Total......... Manufacturing.. Trans, and pub. util. Trade................... Government............. Other nonmanufacturing.. Nev Bedford Total................... Contract construction... Manuf ac turing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... Government.............. Other nonmanufacturing.. See footnotes at end of table. JL6 46.7 27.0 2.6 7.6 4.9 4.6 30.2 1.5 27.1 2.1 8.7 50 5.8 225- July 1954 Aug 27.9 1.3 14.8 1.1 32 7 3 8 1.0 27.3 1.2 14.7 l.l 5.1 .7 3.7 33.4 4.0 13.9 3.9 14.8 3.3 53.5 3.8 14.0 6.4 14.6 3.2 3.4 3.4 8.1 561.3 .8 397 1933 36.7 1.0 8.1 546.7 .8 39.8 187.3 37.8 111.9 28.6 61.1 67.2 1092 28.6 60.3 62.7 930.1 31.2 274.7 76.3 943.7 42.4 280.1 132.3 78.5 218.6 64.9 129.3 129.7 43.6 46.6 218.3 66.3 130.6 24.2 2.3 7.6 4.8 4.5 47.4 1.4 24.7 19 8.6 30 5.8 27.2 2.4 7.8 4.7 4.5 47.9 1.1 25.6 2.2 8.4 4.8 3.8 Area and industry division Number of employees Aug. 1921 1954 juig_ Aug. 133.0 5.7 Springfield -Holyoke Total........... ... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... 135.1 6.3 69.1 8.7 30.0 6.7 15.1 19.2 153.6 39 677 8.6 152 19 2 13.1 19-7 Worcester Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing...... Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l / ........... Government........... 101.8 3.1 49.4 5.1 19.3 4.2 93 11.2 101.2 2.9 49.2 101.2 196 20.2 266.7 1.0 66.3 1 ,293.9 1.0 61.0 630.8 80.7 MICHIGAN Detroit Total.. Mining............... Contract construction... Manufac turing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... 393.1 80.8 243.6 30.3 6.7 4.8 4.1 93 ll.l 67.1 8.8 30.1 6.5 35 47.8 3.2 4.2 93 10.8 1,197.3 9 74.6 340.6 76.8 43.3 242.7 450 126.2 108.3 126.8 108.1 233.0 44.4 123.3 103.7 Flint Manufacturing. 85.1 86.4 76.3 Grand Rapids Manufacturing. 52.3 33.4 30.4 Lansing Manufacturing. 31.6 32.0 27.7 Muskegon Manufacturing. 27.1 27.3 23.8 Saginav Manuf ac turing. 28.0 28.1 26.9 43.8 43.4 43.0 2.6 MINNESOTA Duluth Total............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............. Service l /.......... Government.......... 30 10.0 7.8 10.8 19 6.3 4.0 2.8 10.0 7.7 10.7 19 6.3 4.1 9.6 7.6 11.2 1.9 6.2 39 Tab!# A-7: Emptov##! in nonagricuttura) ntab)ithm*nt*. for seiected area:, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division ______________ (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry IRS'? THE division ...Aug, July .AML. MINNESOTA - Continued Mimoeapolis-St. Paul Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... MISSISSIPPI Jackson Manufacturing. 437.3 484.2 31.8 1337 51.4 40.4 136.4 118.3 32.9 55.0 32.3 93 38.9 118.3 32.7 34.8 32.4 94 479.1 34.8 133.6 32.8 116.6 31.8 53.8 33.8 8.6 MISSOURI City Total. Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade....... ........ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... St. Louis Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MONTANA Great Falls Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Service 4/........... Government........... NEBRASKA Omaha Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/... ....... Government........... 347.3 .8 18.8 97.4 43.3 94.2 20.7 348.2 .8 19.1 97.9 43.1 94.2 20.8 397 30.4 399 30.4 703.0 698.1 3.0 39-3 270.8 68.0 147.7 34.8 79.2 60.0 193 1.9 30 38.6 263.3 68.4 148.2 33.0 79.4 60.0 19.2 3.6 1.9 30 2.7 3.8 3.6 2.3 2.2 2.9 2.7 146.7 8.7 31.7 23.7 36.7 U.4 19.8 14.8 146.3 8.7 31.3 23.3 36.7 11.4 19.8 13.0 339.8 .8 20.0 109.3 43.8 93.8 20.4 393 30.2 693.3 2.3 44.3 2390 66.8 1499 34.2 77.7 391 18.3 1.7 2.8 2.6 3.8 3.4 2.2 143.3 93 31.2 231 36.3 11.2 19.0 133 NEVADA Reno 2/ Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing l/.... Trans, and pub."util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester 2/ "Total............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.... ......... Government........... NEV JERSEY Newark-Jersey City 3/ Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... Number of employees _A2ML. 1231. 26.3 2.4 2.0 37 6.2 1.0 7.4 3.6 41.1 2.2 19.8 2.7 7.6 2.0 4.2 2.7 -July 26.3 2.4 1.9 3.6 6.3 1.0 USE Aug. 24.3 2.3 2.0 3.3 6.1 .8 7.3 6.7 40.7 40.4 1.9 36 2.2 19.3 2.6 7.6 2.0 4.2 2.7 33 19.6 2.3 7.3 1.9 4.2 2.8 7 2 .1 77.7 72.3 790.6 .2 30.3 330.3 79.1 136.3 47.1 74.1 73.0 Paterson Manufacturing. 167.6 166.9 166.1 Perth Ambqy 2/ Manufacturing. 81.7 73.7 79.4 Trenton Manufacturing. 40.3 39.0 37.8 38.6 6.1 38.9 6.3 98 33 13.2 3.7 7.3 11.1 34.0 30 9.1 4.9 13.9 3.3 7.4 10.4 202.3 6.6 73.0 16.4 207.3 8.4 77.3 NEW MEXICO Albuquerque 2/ Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... NEW YORE Albany-Schenectady-Troy Total................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... 797.6 .2 33.0 333 0 78.8 136.3 43.4 76.6 99 3.2 13.2 3.6 7.4 11.2 204.0 7.0 73.9 16.3 797.3 .2 33-7 3313 78.4 138.3 43.4 16.8 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Area Emptoyment Tabte A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricwttura! estabtishments for setected areas, by industry division - Continued (in thousands) Number of employeea Area and induatry ! 1954 1955 diviaion Aug. July Aug. Area and industry division HEW YORK - Continued Albany-SchenectadyTroy - Continued Trade.................. Government............. Other nonmanufacturing.. Rochester - Continued Trana. and pub. util.... 36.9 28.7 Binghamton Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trana. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Other nonmanufacturing.. Buffalo Total.................. Contract conatruction... Trans. and pub. util.... 28.6 76.0 76.4 3.6 40.8 4.0 3.1 40.7 4.0 13.8 14.4 443.4 441.0 40.4 84.4 13.7 45.9 33.5 392 36.9 28.7 75.9 3.1 40.4 4.0 14.1 14.4 19.4 206.1 yimmco Sorvico l/ Government............. 38.8 36.8 19.8 203.5 4o.4 84 2 13.6 46.0 33.5 13.6 14.4 430.9 20.5 197.5 38.2 83.2 13.4 45.2 32.9 Ilmira 33.2 17.0 Trade.................. Other nonmanufacturing.. Naaaau and Snffolk Countiea 5/ Total.................. Contract conatruction... 6^5 9.8 33.0 17 1 6.3 9.6 Contract conatruction... Manufacturing.......... Trana. and pub. util.... Other nonmanufacturing.. 304.9 30.2 os 2 20.5 65.9 50.4 42.7 303.1 30.1 95 1 Contract conatruction... Manufacturing.......... Trana. and pub. util.... Seyvlco l/ GovOTTMHCAt Veatcheater County 5/ Contract conatruction... 6.3 9.9 Trana. and pub. util.... 20.3 66.3 48.8 42.6 Nev York-Northeastem New Jeraqy 306.6 29.5 107.3 20.4 60.4 47.6 41.4 1.709.0 1,645.0 1,738.0 3,461.0 1.7 3,483.5 111.5 3,435.6 17 110.7 952.1 321.9 766.7 898.7 321.9 7Q7 8 350^6 550.9 347.8 554.7 NORTH CAROLINA Charlotte Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trana. and pub. util.... Contract conatruction... Manufacturing.......... Trana. and pub. util.... Government............. Rocheater Total.................. Contract conatruction... Sew footnotes at end of table. 403.6 402.3 1.8 109.1 976.5 319.2 Raleigh-Durham Manufacturing.......... Winaton-Salem 789.6 346.0 347.1 394.1 NORTH DAKOTA Thrgo Contract conatruction... 216.1 10.9 215.6 10.7 111.9 213.7 10.6 110.9 10.1 37.4 6.4 38!8 38.1 141.2 7.2 57.5 138.3 6.9 54.9 138.0 31.4 34.8 31.4 34.8 29.5 94.7 94.1 41.0 5.6 15.5 40.4 5.3 950 3.8 42.1 5.2 15.1 3.1 8.6 17.1 10.3 2.2 3.1 9.0 18.2 175.2 16.4 46.4 12.3 40.9 8.6 50.7 84.0 5.2 21.9 9.7 25.3 5.6 10.4 5.9 Trana. and pub. util.... 10.3 2.2 15.8 3.2 9.0 18.2 176.3 16.9 46.3 12.3 41.7 8.3 50.8 83.7 5.2 21.7 9.6 253 5.5 8.4 55.3 10.4 34.4 173.7 16.4 47.7 12.3 39.3 8.2 49.8 84.3 6.6 21.3 9.5 25.2 10.5 5.3 10.3 59 6.1 40.9 4l.l 39.8 20.1 18.5 20.8 35.4 32.1 32.8 21.2 2.5 2.1 2.3 20.9 2.2 2.1 21.2 Greenaboro-High Point Nev York City 5/ Total.................. Mining................. 9-9 37.8 6.5 Utica-Rome 33.3 17.1 9.9 37.7 6.4 38^9 Syracuae Service 3 /............. Trana. and pub. util.... Trade............... Manufacturing.......... Other nonmanufacturing.. Number of employees 1955 f 195S Aug. Aug. July 7.2 2.3 7.1 2.4 2.3 2.2 7.4 . Area Employment Tab)# A-7: Emptovee* i" nonagricvtturat MtabMshmenh. for $e)ected area!, by induttry divi:ion - Continued (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1935 1354 division Aug. July Aug. Area and industry division NORTH DAKOTA - Continued Fargo - Continued 1.3 2.8 2.8 Government............. OHIO Cincinnati Manufacturing.......... Cleveland OKLAHOMA OTdahoma City 14.3 22.4 3.6 12.0 12.2 39.1 3.6 11.9 37.7 42.8 39.0 43.4 301.6 303.3 291.5 Philadelphia Manufacturing. 3*7.7 342.2 805.6 18.0 47.2 803.6 13.6 36.9 7.4 16.4 32.1 Government............. 122.6 H.9 7.4 33-3 13-3 30.4 3.8 13.7 6.4 7.4 9.3 13.3 11.1 36.9 7.3 16.4 32.1 122.6 11-9 7.6 33.2 13.5 30.3 3.9 13.8 6.4 136.2 7.4 9-3 13.3 11.0 36.8 7.5 16.6 Portland !^! Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... (S/) Trade................... 246.1 13.0 62:0 30.3 62.2 12.9 Finance................ (?/) PENNSYLVANIA Allentovn-BethlehemEaston 31.6 31.9 116.3 12.0 7.6 28.9 12.8 29.8 3.3 13.7 6.3 242.4 14.3 60.8 29.9 62.3 12.9 31.3 30.3 96.8 92.6 39.0 39.5 38.2 136.1 .3 7.9 33.9 133.6 .4 8.4 132.4 .4 8.7 Harrisburg 32.8 333.1 72.7 133.8 32.2 17.8 43.6 332.4 71.8 13.7 22.1 763.6 17.2 37.1 310.4 69.9 130.3 28.1 27.6 83.1 68.2 133.8 27.8 86.6 67.9 Manufacturing. 31.3 48.3 48.0 Scranton Manufacturing. 30.7 30.1 30.2 W iIke s-Barre — Hazleton Manufacturing........ 38.7 38.3 37.8 York Manufacturing. 44.9 44.9 43.0 289.0 16.2 282.5 279.2 14.3 Reading 98.6 Erie Manufacturing.......... Pittsburgh Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... 32.2 OREGON Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing 2/....... 14.7 22.4 3.8 46.6 136.0 Aug. Harrisburg - Continued Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... Lancaster Manufacturing. 11.0 Service................ July 134.1 Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Trade................... 2.9 1955 160.2 Mining................. Contract construction... Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 1.4 2.8 -Aug- I63.O 136.1 7.4 9.3 Tulsa Total................... 1.3 2.8 2.8 Number of employees RHOBB ISLAND Providence Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... SOOTH CAROLINA Charleston Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service l/........... Government........... Greenville Manufacturing. 139.0 14.0 30.3 12.3 27.6 29.2 30.3 4.1 9.7 4.1 11.2 1.4 4.3 13.7 29.7 13.7 134.4 12.9 31.0 12.3 27.0 29.0 84.6 66.0 133.5 14.0 49.6 11.9 26.3 27.6 49.7 3.9 9.3 4.0 48.0 3.8 8.8 4.0 1.4 4.3 13.6 1.4 4.3 14.3 29.5 28.4 11.0 11.2 See footnotes at end of tahtie. 19. Tab!* A-7: Emptovees in nonagricuitura! estab!ishments for seiected areas, by industry division - Continued (in thousands) Area and industry division SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util Trade............... Finance............ Service l/......... Government......... TENNESSEE Chattanooga Total................... Mining.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government............. Knoxville Total................... Mining.................. Contract construction... Manufactur ing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. Memphis Total................... Mining.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government............. Nashville Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. UTAH Salt Lake City Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction.. See footnotes at end of table. 20 Number of employees 1< Aug. 5.5 2.0 8.0 1.4 3.1 1.9 July 5-5 2.0 8.0 1.4 3.0 1.9 1954 Aug. 5.4 2.0 7.9 1.4 2.9 Area and industry division Salt Lake City - Con. Manufacturing........... Trans, and pub. util.... Government............... 1.9 VERMONT Burlington 94.o .1 4.6 43.9 5.4 17.8 4.2 9-8 8.4 117.4 1.9 8.8 46.9 7.1 93.9 .1 4.8 43.6 5.3 17.7 4.2 9.0 8.4 43.0 7.1 171.1 8.0 21.7 22.4 129.7 8.4 13.7 .4 11.9 44.6 15.0 47.6 7.9 21.6 22.2 128.9 38.0 12.4 8.2 37.6 12.4 28.8 28.7 7.9 19.5 14.9 107.7 2.7 8.8 3.9 9.5 8.5 45.4 1.9 8.8 172.9 .4 12.2 45.1 15.0 17.0 114.9 1.8 24.7 2.6 11.6 48.3 4.5 41.6 5-5 115.6 25.1 2.6 11.4 13.7 90.6 .1 7.9 19.4 14.9 108.8 2.6 8.6 11.4 7-4 23.7 2.5 11.2 13.9 166.5 .3 9.9 41.9 15.0 48.5 7.6 21.7 21.8 124.2 8.1 35-7 12.2 27.8 7.7 18.6 14.3 108.9 6.2 8.1 Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Service................. Other nonmanufacturing.. Number of employees Aug. 1935 15.2 1954 July 13.2 17.1 12.9 14.0 7-1 14.6 13.9 32.3 6.9 14.6 32.0 Aug. 16.7 12.6 31.6 6.5 13.6 13.6 16.4 3-6 1-5 4.5 3-1 3.7 16.3 17.4 5-3 1.3 4.5 2.9 3-4 12.7 12.8 1.6 1.1 1.6 7.9 .6 11-3 6.7 .6 1.6 1.1 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.5 147.5 .2 12.5 15.2 147-9 145.9 35.3 5.3 15.1 36.4 5.1 3.4 1.4 4.6 3-1 3-8 Springfield Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Service................. Other nonmanufacturing.. 7.9 .6 VIRGINIA Norfolk-Portsmouth Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 15.5 35.3 5.3 16.6 .2 12.2 15.8 15.8 .2 12.3 14.9 46.9 46.7 16.6 16.1 45.8 151.2 149.9 -3 10.4 37.1 15-9 37.4 12.6 16.7 19.5 146.7 -3 10.0 291.2 15.3 83.O 27-4 282.1 Richmond Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. .3 10.5 38.8 15.7 37.1 12.5 16.7 19.6 WASHINGTON Seattle Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Service l / .............. 293.1 15.6 84.3 27.4 70.8 17.6 37.5 39.9 70.6 17-5 37-5 39-9 37.2 14.9 36.7 11.9 16.6 19.1 14.0 76.8 27-5 69-4 16.9 36.5 41.0 Area bnptoym cnt Tab!# A-7: Emp!oy##s !n nonasricuitura! wstab)i$hment: for setected areas, by industry division Area and industry division WASHINGTON - Continued Spokane Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Tacoma Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service l/........... Government........... WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service............... Government........... (In thousands) Number of employees IgL 73.6 5.2 15.4 8.7 July 70.5 15.2 13.7 8.3 19.2 4.9 3-8 8.7 19.5 3.8 10.9 10.9 74.6 5-1 9.6 73.3 18.5 5.0 17.0 18.0 15.1 2.7 8.3 18.3 6.8 15.1 2.7 8.4 90.3 11.5 4.7 25.6 11.0 17.5 2.6 8.7 8.9 Aug. 72.8 19.8 9.6 "195F* 6.9 90.0 11.5 4.5 25.3 11.0 17.8 2.7 8.5 8.9 4 .9 4.0 11.1 9.1 68.7 4.2 15.5 6.5 14.5 2.6 8.2 17.2 88.9 1 1 .1 4.5 25.6 10.4 17.4 2.7 8.6 8.9 Area and industry division Wheeling-Steubenville Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... WISCONSIN Milwaukee Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Racine Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... WYOMING Casper Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Number of employees Aug. 116.0 5.5 5.0 56.4 10.0 20.0 2.8 9.8 1955 *195?* .July Aug. 113.3 5.5 4.7 54.8 9.8 19.7 2.8 110.4 5.4 4.0 53.9 9.1 18.9 2.8 6.6 9.5 6.6 9.8 6.8 187.8 23.7 22.8 186.1 179.2 81.2 81.8 19.4 28.6 80.6 18.8 2.2 2.0 22.1 2.1 21.3 2.8 1.1 1.2 28.3 19.5 22.9 1.7 6.5 .8 2.4 1.0 1.9 1.6 3.7 .5 2.0 28.4 1.7 6.5 .8 1.9 1.5 3-8 .5 2.0 19.8 1.7 6.7 .8 3.1 1.9 1.7 3.7 .4 1.9 l/ Includes mining. 2/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 3/ Includes mining and government. 4/ Includes mining and finance. 5/ Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey. 6/ Not available. 21 MONTHLY LABOR TURNOVER RATES MAMUFACTUMNG !NDUSTR!ES !939-1955 !939 !945 UN!TED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR !950 !955 !939 !945 !950 !955 Labor Turnover Tab!* B-L Monthty tabor turnover rates in manufacturing, by ctass of turnover (Par 100 employees ^ May June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954 1955, 4.6 3-2 3-6 5.2 4.4 4.4 2.8 3.3 3.9 2.9 3.2 4.5 3.9 4.2 2.5 3-2 4.0 3.0 3.6 4.6 3-9 4.4 2.8 3.6 4.0 2.9 3.5 4.5 3.7 4.3 2.4 3.5 Total 4.1 3.5 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 2.7 3.8 accession 4.7 5.7 4.4 3.5 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.1 5.1 3-5 2.9 3.4 4.3 4.5 5.9 4.3 3.3 4.4 1948, 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 4.3 4.6 3.1 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 2.9 4.7 4.1 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.5 2.5 4.5 4.8 2.9 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.0 4.7 4.8 2.8 4.6 4.1 4.3 3-8 3.1 Total 4.3 5.2 3.1 4.8 3.9 4.4 3.3 3.2 separation 4.4 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.0 2.9 4.4 4.3 5.0 3.9 4.2 4.3 3-1 3.1 3.2 3.2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 2.6 1.7 l.l 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.1 1.0 2.5 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.0 1.0 2.8 1.6 1.2 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.0 1.3 3.0 1.7 1.3 2.7 2.2 2.7 1.1 1.5 2.8 1.6 1.6 2.8 2.2 2.7 1.0 1.5 Quit 2.9 1.5 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.6 1.1 1.5 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 0.4 .2 .2 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 0.3 .2 .3 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1.2 2.5 1.7 1.0 1.4 .9 2.8 1.5 1.7 2.3 1.7 .8 1.3 .8 2.2 1.1 1.2 2.8 1.4 .8 1.1 .8 2.3 1.3 1.2 2.8 1.2 1.0 1.3 .9 2.4 1.2 l.l 3.3 l.l 1.2 l.l 1.0 1.9 1.1 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.1 .1 .1 .7 .4 .4 .3 .3 0.1 .1 .1 .6 .4 .4 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 July Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 5.1 4.1 5.7 4.3 5.6 4.0 3.4 4.5 3.7 5.2 4.4 5.2 3.3 3.6 3.9 3.3 4.0 3.9 4.0 2.7 3.3 2.7 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.3 5.1 4.0 4.2 5-3 4.6 4.8 3.5 4.1 5.4 4.2 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.2 3.9 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.7 4.2 4.5 3.3 2.9 1.4 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.5 1.1 1.6 3.4 1.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 1.4 2.2 3.9 2.1 3.4 3.1 3-5 3.1 1.8 Discha]ice 0.4 0.4 .2 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .2 .2 .3 .3 0.4 .3 .4 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 1.2 1.8 .6 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.4 Annual aver Year age 2.5 4.4 3.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.0 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.5 4.2 3.0 4.3 3.2 3.6 3.5 3-4 4.0 3.0 4.6 4.3 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.5 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 2.8 1.5 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.1 1.2 2.2 1.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.7 .9 1.7 1.4 1.7 l.l .9 2.8 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 l.l 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.4 .2 .4 .3 .4 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .2 0.3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1.0 1.8 .7 1.3 .7 1.5 1.7 1.2 2.3 .8 1.4 .7 1.8 1.6 1.4 2.5 1.1 1.7 .7 2.3 1.6 2.2 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.5 1.7 1.3 2.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.9 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 Misctsllaneous. inclLudine iailitari o.l 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .4 .1 .2 .1 .1 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 0.1 .1 .3 .4 .3 .3 .1 0.1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .2 .5 .3 .3 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 Layofj l.l 2.5 .9 1.0 l.l .9 1.7 1.2 1.0 2.1 .6 1.3 2.2 1.1 1.6 1.1 5.0 4.4 6.6 2.1 23 T a b !e B -2 : Monthty !a b o r turnover rates in setetted ind ustries (Per 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total Total S eparation rate Discharge Layoff Quit Misc., incl. military i ndustry Aug. 1955 4.4 July 1955 1.4 Aug. 1955 4 .1 J uly 1955 3.2 Aug. 1955 2.2 DURABLE GOODS.............................. MOMDURABLE GOODS........................... 4.7 3-9 1.4 1.5 4.3 3.7 3.3 3.1 ORDMAMCE AND ACCESSORIES.............. 3.4 2.9 3.4 FOOD AMD K!NDRED PRODUCTS.............. 4.2 4.9 3.2 3.8 4.9 4.7 5.0 3.9 2.0 3.6 3.1 4.4 ............................................. G r a in^mill products B a k e r y products Beverages: TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................... r-d rs T o b & c c o &nd snuff TEXT!LE-M!LL PRODUCTS.................. B r o & d w oven f&bric niiHs Cotton, silk, synthetic f i ber......... Knitting m i l l s ............................ S e a m l e s s hosiery K n i t underwear Dyeing and finishing t e x t i l e s ......... . Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings... APPAREL AMD OTHER F!M!SHED TEXHLE PRODUCTS............................. Men's and boys' suits and c o a t s ........ Men's and boys' furnishings and work LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURM!TURE)........................... 1.6 July 1955 Aug. J u l y 1955 1955 0.3 1.4 1.1 0.2 0.2 2.1 2.3 1.5 1.7 .4 .3 .3 .2 1.6 .9 1.2 .9 .2 .2 .3 .2 2.8 1.4 1.6 .3 -3 1.5 .9 .1 .1 4.6 4.9 4.3 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.2 3.6 2.0 1.5 2.1 2.5 1.5 1.0 1.5 2.3 .3 .3 .3 .5 1 .7 2.4 1.3 .6 .2 .2 .1 .3 2 .1 2 .9 1.8 .8 .2 .2 .3 .4 .4 4.6 4.5 2.7 1.0 .8 .2 .2 3.1 1.6 .2 .2 3.4 3.4 3.8 1.9 3.3 2.5 4.3 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.0 2.5 l.l .4 .4 .4 .2 .2 .2 .1 .7 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.2 4.2 4.5 4.3 3.5 4.7 2.0 .3 .4 .3 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 2.2 .3 .3 1.7 3.0 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 2.0 1.2 .9 .6 .3 .3 3.8 .9 1.6 2.9 1.5 2.6 1.6 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.3 4.5 4.4 5.2 3.7 3.5 2.3 2.4 2.7 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .4 .3 2.2 1.8 5.7 3.2 4.0 3.1 4.6 3.4 4.2 3.2 3.0 1.7 .3 2.1 5.9 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.0 (2/) (2/) 4.7 5.3 5.0 (2/1 4.5 5.0 4.4 (2/) (2/) 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.3 1.9 1.3 .1 1.2 1.6 1.0 .8 2.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 .9 .7 1.0 1.0 .1 .2 .3 3.4 .3 .2 .2 .8 .1 .1 (2/) (2/) .4 3-3 3.0 3.8 3.1 .4 .2 .2 .2 3.0 3.1 2.1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .4 1.2 .6 .7 .9 .9 .4 .7 .3 .3 i;2 .5 .1 .1 .3 .4 .5 .4 .5 .5 .2 .2 .8 .6 .2 .2 .1 .3 .5 .3 .4 .5 .2 .5 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 6.2 4.6 4.9 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.1 3.2 3.4 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.7 2.1 .6 2.3 1.6 .7 .4 3.0 2.4 1.3 2.9 2.0 1.4 .9 .2 .1 .5 .5 1.4 1.5 1.2 .8 .2 .1 .3 .3 .9 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 1.4 .5 1.4 (2/) .9 .5 .4 (1/) (1/) .3 .5 .3 .9 Paperboard containers and b o x e s....---- CHEM!CALS AMD ALL!ED PRODUCTS........ Industrial inorganic c h e m i c a l s ......... ^ S ^ t h ^ t i ^ fibers Drugs and medicines See footnotes at end of table. 24 2.9 2.0 5.0 3.2 4.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.7 2.2 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.7 (2/) 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 3.0 .8 1.8 .8 .8 .1 (2/) .1 FURM!TURE AMD F!XTURES................ 2.2 .4 (2/) .8 3.5 3.2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .3 4.8 2.0 .2 .2 2.0 2.6 1.2 4.8 PAPER AMD ALL!ED PRODUCTS.............. a/) .1 l.l 1.3 .4 .4 2.3 T.9 Other furniture and fixtures .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 2.4 2.9 1.5 .2 .2 Sawmills and planing m i l l s .............. Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated structural wood p r o d u c t s ............... 6.5 5.3 Aug. J u l y 1955 1955 0.3 3.0 5.1 5.9 3.1 3.3 4.9 J uly 1955 1.6 4.2 4.9 4.2 4.0 5.2 4.2 3.5 4.2 3.5 2.3 3.9 4.5 5.3 4.0 4.0 4.0 Aug. 1955 .3 .1 (2/) .1 .2 .2 (2/) .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 (2/) .2 .2 Tabte B -2: M onthty ta b o r turnover rates in se te cte d industries-Continued (Per 100 employ e e s ) T(Ral accession rate Industry Aug. PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL.......... RUBBER PRODUCTS........................ O t h e r r u b b e r p r o d u c t s ....................... LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS............ L e a t h e r : ta n n e d , cu r r i e d , a n d f i n i s h e d . . F o o t w e a r ( e x c e p t r u b b e r ) ................... STOME, CLAY, AMD GLASS PRODUCTS......... G l a s s a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ................... S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c t s ................... PR!MARY METAL !MDUSTR!ES................ B l a s t furnaces, steel works, and rolling I r o n a n d s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ................... S t e e l f o u n d r i e s ............................. P r i m a r y smelting and refi ni n g of n o n f e r r o u s metals: P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g a n d r e f i n i n g o f copper, lead, a n d z i n c .............................. R o ll i n g, drawing, and alloying of no n fe r r o u s metals: R o l l i n g , d r a w i n g , an d a l l o y i n g o f c o p p e r ........................................ July 1955 1955 1.2 1.1 .6 .7 C u t l e r y , h a n d bools, a n d a a r d w a r e ........ C u t l e r y a n d e d g e t o o l s ..................... H a r d w a r e ................... ................... H e a t i n g apparatus (except electric) and p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s .......................... S a n i t a r y w a r e an d p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s . . . O i l b u r n e r s , n o n e l e c t r i c h e a t i n g and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere Fabricated structural metal products.... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. Total Aug. Qiiit July Aug. July Discharge Aug. July Layoff Aug. M i s c . , incl. military July Aug. July 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1.4 0.9 l.l 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 .1 .1 .2 .9 .6 .3 (1/) (l/) .7 1955 0.2 .2 3-6 2.0 4.1 5-0 2.8 1.8 4.0 3.5 2.8 1.7 3.0 3.8 2.7 1.4 2.5 3.8 1.8 1.2 2.1 2.1 1.4 .8 2.1 1.8 .2 .1 .1 .3 .2 .1 .2 .3 4.4 3.0 4.7 4.6 2.9 4.9 4.3 3.6 2.6 4.4 4.6 3.5 3.2 1.4 3.5 2.4 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 4.3 6.3 1.9 3.8 (2/) 3-0 3.1 1.9 3.6 3.0 2.2 (2/) .3 .2 1.0 .2 .4 1.5 1.6 (2/) .3 .2 .3 .7 .4 (1/) .4 (2/) 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.2 1.5 1.2 .3 .3 .7 2.1 5.9 4.9 5.6 7.2 2.5 4.0 3-9 3.7 4.2 1.8 3.8 4.2 3.3 3.6 1.4 3.6 4.6 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.1 .9 1.9 2.3 2.1 1.4 .2 .6 .6 .6 .6 .2 .5 .5 .6 .5 3.9 4.2 4.5 2.7 2.9 1.8 .7 (2/) 4.9 1.1 3.3 (2/) 2.5 3.4 2.3 1.4 5.4 3.8 3.3 3.0 (2/) 3.8 2.6 2.0 2.2 2.9 5.3 4.5 3.9 2.6 4.9 3.1 4.7 2.6 2.5 2.6 5.7 5.4 5.9 4.7 4.2 4.0 5.0 3.3 4.3 3.1 4.5 5-7 2.3 2.3 2,1 O t h e r pri m a r y metal industries: FABR!CATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDMAMCE, MAMHMERY, AMD TRAMSP0RTAT!0M EpU!PMEMT)............................ S e p a r a t i o n rate 2.6 2.7 1.6 3^ (2/) % 2.8 3.8 1.6 2.7 3.3 1.3 4.3 2.5 2.8 4.5 3.2 2.2 2.2 (2/) 4.3 3.4 2.5 2.4 4.1 1.1 .8 .3 .1 1.4 .2 .2 .1 .3 .3 .2 .1 .3 .6 .5 .6 .7 2.4 .5 .2 .4 .1 .3 .6 .2 .7 1.0 2.3 .1 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 (2/) .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .5 .2 .2 .2 .6 .7 .2 .8 .2 1.0 1.6 .1 .6 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .7 .3 .2 .3 .7 (2/) 1.8 .6 .1 .4 (2/) 1.5 .3 1.7 (2/) .2 .2 .3 1.0 .3 .2 .7 1.4 .1 .2 2.2 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.3 (2/) 2.0 .5 .3 .2 .2 (2/) .4 .3 .2 .2 .4 1.5 .7 .4 .3 (2/) 1.9 .7 .7 1.5 .3 .2 .2 .2 (2/) .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 1.7 1.6 .7 .8 .4 .5 l.l .7 4 .4 .2 .3 .1 1.7 1.6 1.5 .6 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 1.6 1.3 1.7 .8 1.0 3.2 .6 .2 .3 .4 .1 .6 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.6 1.3 1.1 .6 .2 .7 l.l 1.4 1.1 l.l See footnotes at end of table. 23 tjbo! l.i! 'h.'\ . ! Tab)e B -2 : M onth!y !a b o r turnover rates in seiected in d u stries-C on tin u ed (Per 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate Industry AUg. S e p a r a t i o n rate Total Aug. Quit Jtuy tug. Discharge July Aug. Misc., incl. military Layoff July Aug. July Aug. July 1953 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1??? 1935 MACmNERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL)............ 3.6 2.5 2.8 2.4 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.2 E n g i n e s an d t u r b i n e s .......................... 4.0 1.7 3.1 1.7 1.8 1.1 2 .2 .1 1.0 .1 .3 A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ...... (2/) 2.6 (2/) .2 (g/) 2.9 (2/) .4 1.3 (g/) .7 (g/) Metalworking machinery (except machine M a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s ................... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y m a c h i n e r y (except metalG e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ............... O f f i c e a n d s t o r e m a c h i n e s an d d e v i c e s . . . . S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s . . ELECTRICAL MACH!NERY.................... Elec t r i c a l generating, transmission, d i s t r i b u t i o n , and i n d u s t r i a l a p p a r a t u s . . Radios, phonographs, 3.6 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.4 2.2 2.9 2.2 1-7 1.9 1.8 1.4 2.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 .9 .5 .3 .2 .3 .2 .1 .2 .5 .2 2.4 3-3 2.4 2.7 1-7 3.3 1.4 2.9 .8 1.0 1.5 1.4 .3 .4 .2 .5 .2 1.2 2.9 4.3 2.6 3-5 3.5 2.2 3.2 2.0 1.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 1.7 4.7 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.0 .9 1.6 1.0 1.7 1.1 .3 .4 .1 .2 .3 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 5.9 3.1 3.6 2.8 2.3 1.4 .3 .2 2.2 2.4 3.5 (2/) 2.2 1.4 1.1 2.6 (2/) 1.6 .2 (2/) 4.1 3.2 2.8 (2/) telegraph, TRAMSPORTAHOM EputPMEMT................ A u t o m o b i l e s ................... ................. A i r c r a f t a n d p a r t s ............................ A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s an d p a r t s ................ A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s a n d p a r t s ............ O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a nd e q u i p m e n t ...... S h i p and b o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ..... R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t ............................ L o c o m o t i v e s a n d p a r t s ....................... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............. W a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s ............................ P r o f e s s i o n a l and sc ie n t if i c instruments.. 5-9 3.6 4.5 3.7 4.8 5.1 2.9 2.5 (R/) (2/) 5.4 U.4 [2/) [2/) (2/) 9.1 3-9 3-5 6.4 4.3 4.8 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.1 4.4 12.1 5.6 4.2 6.4 3.1 (n/) 3.1 M!SCELLAMEOUS MANUFACTURING !NDUSTR!ES.... 5.7 a n d p l a t e d w a r e ..... See f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f table. 3.1 1.7 1.2 (2/) !NSTRUMEMTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS......... 3.1 1.2 26 4.1 2.4 (2/) (2/) silverware, .2 .2 .2 .9 .2 .3 .2 .2 .1 .5 .5 .5 2.7 .4 .4 .8 1.2 2.4 .3 .2 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 3 .2 .7 1.0 .2 .2 .2 .7 .7 (2/) .2 .1 .2 .5 .2 (2/) .4 .2 and related E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e s , lamps, and m i s c e l la n e o u s p r o d u c t s ............................. Je w e l r y , .2 .2 .2 .2 t e l e v i s i o n sets, 8.5 Telephone, 4.0 .2 .4 3.2 2.8 8.1 2.6 2.9 2.4 2.5 1.3 (2/) 3.1 4.9 L2.9 L6.7 6.4 3.4 7-9 5.1 Si 1.7 2.5 2.0 1.1 2.7 2.1 4.4 4.9 2.5 3.7 2.3 2.0 3.0 2.5 1.6 (2/) 2.3 .5 .1 (2/) 1.1 .1 .1 (1/) (2/) ,1 .9 (2/) 2.4 1.6 .3 .3 1.6 1.6 .1 .2 1.8 1.8 1.7 i-J .3 .3 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 (I/) .3 .7 .1 (1/) .2 .7 4.0 5.7 .6 .4 (2/) 2/) 2.5 L3.5 ;2/j 2/) !2/) .1 2.4 2.7 .7 .5 .9 .2 2.4 8.7 4.0 2.7 4.6 .4 .2 .3 .1 .1 (2/) (2/) .3 .2 (2/) .1 .4 .6 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .8 1.1 .7 .1 .7 .4 2/) .7 .6 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 (2/) .1 .1 .2 .3 .1 .6 .3 .3 .2 1.1 .4 1.1 .3 .1 .2 .1 [2/) 1.6 2^3 !2/) ,2/) (2/) 3.5 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.6 .9 .8 1.6 2.6 .7 .3 .9 2.0 1.4 1.0 .7 .7 [2/) 1.1 1.5 1.1 2.9 1.8 2.1 L.4 .5 :i^i [2/) .5 .3 .1 ;2/) 1.3 .7 .6 t jbcr Tu!iio^er Tabte B -2 : M onthty tab or turnover rates in setected industries-C ontinued (Per 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Industry Total accession rat e Se p a r a t i o n rat e Total Quit Discharge Aug. July Aug. July Aug. July 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 METAL m m w e ............................ 4.2 (2/) (2/) (2/) 5-0 3.6 3.0 (2/) 6.8 (2/ 2.9 (g/) 4.1 2.7 1.2 (2/) 6.6 (2/) 1.9 (2/) AMTHRACtTE MtM!W6....................... 2.7 1.0 1.3 2.1 B!H)M!W0US-C0AL M!W!MG.................. 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.3 .7 COMMUMtCAHOM: (2/) (2/) 2.7 (2/) 2.1 (2/) 1.7 (2/) 1.6 (3/) Aug. 1955 July 1955 Layoff Misc., incl. military Aug. July Aug. July 1955 1955 1955 1955 0.2 0.3 .3 (2/) (!/) (2/) .1 (2/) 0.2 .2 .3 .1 0.4 0.4 0.3 3-3 .6 (2/) a / ) (2/) .4 (2/) 5-9 (2/) .1 (2/) 1.5 (2/) .8 (1/) (i/) .7 1.0 .2 .3 .6 ( V ) (i/) .3 .6 .1 .2 (i/) (2/) (^) .1 (2/) .2 (2/) .1 .2 1.4 1.2 (2/) (z/) l/ Less than 0.0$. 2/ Not available. 2/ Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission basis. -21 Hoots w d Ltmtngs Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees industry Aver a g e w e e k l y earn i n g s Aug. .1955 Averag^wsekly ^larnings^ July 1955 Aug. 1954 Aug. 1955 July 1955 I r o n m i n i n g .................................. MtmMG......................................... $94.98 98.12 97.43 $91.46 94.24 L e a d and z i n c m i n i n g ....................... 84.22 42.4 41.4 43.3 41.2 40.1 94.81 82.01 $83.64 82.94 84.22 75-20 41.9 40.6 ANTHRACtTE.............................................................. 87.89 86.27 82.50 34.2 B!TUM!N0US-C0AL................................................... 94.73 95.50 82.09 92.40 96.29 84.73 Aug. 1954 Aug. 1955 July 1955 Aug. 1954 $2.22 2.35 2.21 2.02 $2.05 4o .o $2.24 2.37 2.25 2.01 35.5 33-0 2.57 2.43 2.50 37.6 38.2 33-1 2.52 2.50 2.48 93.96 40.0 4o.8 41.4 2.31 2.36 2.27 83.99 79.83 45.8 45.4 45.1 I .85 I .85 1.77 98.28 98.94 96.52 37.8 38.2 38.0 60 2.59 2.54 99-25 97.63 97.21 93.09 100.77 41.7 43.2 4o.i 42.1 43.4 40.8 41.9 42.7 2.38 41.3 2.26 2.50 2.36 2.24 2.48 2.32 2.18 %/#/#&' METAL 42.9 40.8 38.4 41.9 2.16 2.01 1.88 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AWD NATURAL-GAS PRODUCT!ON: NONMETALUC M!N!NG AND QUARRYiNG............... ......................... O t h e r n o n b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n .......... 100.25 99.36 97.22 101.18 C O M S I H M C H O ) ) ........................ 97-99 98.95 96.20 36.7 37.2 37.0 2.67 2.66 2.60 GENERAL CONTRACTORS........................................... 91.62 92.00 91.51 36.5 36.8 36.9 2.51 2.50 2.48 SPECtAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS.............................. 102.58 107.80 36.9 38.5 2.78 2.80 2.76 2.77 2.83 2.71 96.10 36.1 37.4 38.3 35.8 39.7 37.0 37.0 100.64 99-53 103.52 92.31 113.88 98.35 103.60 108.39 97.02 118.31 2.73 2.98 2.72 2.69 2.71 2.63 2.92 76.33 76.36 71.06 40.6 40.4 39-7 1.88 I .89 1.79 82.61 67.83 82.62 67.89 76.59 64.68 4i.i 39.9 40.9 39-7 4o . i 39-2 2.01 1.70 2.02 1.71 1.65 82.21 82.62 80.20 40.3 40.3 4o.i 2.04 2.05 2.00 72.07 67.57 41.3 41.5 41.5 41.9 41.7 41.7 42.7 41.2 1.73 1.72 1.93 1.99 MOMBU!LD!MG C O W S T R U C H O W .............. ...... BUimoe P l u m b i n g and h e a t i n g ................. P a i n t i n g and d e c o r a t i n g . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical w o r k . ....................... O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ......... ............................................. MOMDURABLE GOODS.......................... ORDNANCE AND ACCESSOR!ES................................ FOOD AND K!NDRED PRODUCTS.............................. Meat p r o d u c t s . . ....................... Meat p a cking wholesale ............. Saus a g es and casings ............ Dairy p r o d u c t s . ........................ ............... Ice c r e a m an d ices C a n n i n g and p r e s e r v i n g .................... S e a food, c a n n e d a nd c u r e d .............. C a n n e d f ruits, v e g e t a b l e s , and soups.. F l o u r and o t h e r g r a i n — m i l l p r o d u c t s . . . B r e a d and o t h e r b a k e r y p r o d u c t s ........ B i s c u i t s , c r a c k e r s , and p r e t z e l s ...... 2§. 97.43 118.60 71.45 83.42 86.74 83.03 73-42 74.17 77.26 57.31 50.56 59.16 77.33 83.83 73.96 70.35 72.86 61.07 80.48 82.98 81.98 75.26 77-39 78.50 34.79 45.90 56.58 79.98 85.46 77.10 70.79 72.98 62.87 76.07 78.91 76.96 69.98 71.42 70.81 56.03 45.60 57.82 74.59 79.57 72.05 68.14 70.04 60.76 35.3 39.8 42.8 43.7 45.5 43.9 39.8 32.0 40.8 44.2 44.6 45.1 40.9 41.4 38.9 44.8 46.9 44.6 39.7 30.6 41.3 45.7 45.7 47.3 41.4 41.7 40.3 38.2 35.1 39.0 36.4 2.98 40.9 2.01 2.09 43.2 45.2 1.68 1.63 1.76 41.1 41.6 42.4 40.6 30.4 41.7 44.4 44.7 45.6 40.8 41.2 39.2 1.94 1.44 1.58 1.45 1.75 1.88 1 .64 1.72 1.76 1.57 1.92 1.68 1.65 1.76 1.38 1.50 1.37 1.75 1.87 1.63 1.71 1.75 1.56 2.44 2.64 1.91 1.64 1.86 1.92 1.85 1.62 1.38 1.67 1.38 1.50 1.39 1.68 1.78 1.58 1.67 1.70 1.55 Hours rtnd E.irmngs Tabte C -l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory empioyees - Continued industry Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Aug. 1954 Aug. 1955 July $71.75 75.62 41.6 44.2 33.6 39.0 44.6 101.34 $84.29 93.80 74.40 37.48 34.00 87.33 69.13 104.67 77.52 77.77 69.17 83.17 68.73 73.73 34.00 49.67 Aug. 1955 July 1953 Av e r a g e h o u r l y ea r n i n g s Aug. 1954 Aug. 1933 July 1955 Aug. 1954 4l.o 4i.l 41.0 39.4 39.2 4o.6 42.2 40.1 $1.87 1.98 1.80 1.47 1.42 $1.89 2.00 1.86 1.47 1.41 $1.75 1.84 42.8 47.4 38.4 42.4 45.6 46.8 2.04 1.64 38.3 40.4 41.9 1955 FOOD AMD KtMDRED PRODUCTS - Continued #77.79 C a n e s u g a r r e f i n i n g .......................... B e e t s u g a r ..................................... C o n f e c t i o n e r y ................................. B e v e r a g e s .................................... . . . M a l t l i q u o r s ................................... Distilled, rectified, and blend e d M i s c e l l a n e o u s f o o d p r o d u c t s ................. C o r n sirup, sugar, oil, a nd s t a r c h ...... M a n u f a c t u r e d i c e ............................. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................... T o b a c c o and s n u f f ............................. T o b a c c o s t e m m i n g and r e d r y i n g .............. TEXTtLE-mLL PRODUCTS................... S c o u r i n g and c o m b i n g p l a n t s ................. 87.52 64.08 57-33 55.10 83.49 67.89 69.04 89.52 #r .62 30.43 67.97 44.13 55.57 40.19 55.07 63.63 49.77 50.13 30.44 34.26 Cotton, silk, s y n t h e t i c f i b e r ............. 52.78 37.37 51.97 63.42 N a r r o w f a b r i c s an d s m a l l w a r e s .............. K n i t t i n g m i l l s ................................. 35.18 30.44 34.23 D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s .............. D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ( e x c e p t Ca r p e t s , rugs, Wool carpets, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ..... rugs, and c a r p e t y a r n ..... M i s c e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e g o o d s ................ F e l t g o o d s ( e x c e p t w o v e n f e l t s and P a d d i n g s an d u p h o l s t e r y f i l l i n g .......... P r o c e s s e d w a s t e and r e c o v e r e d f i b e r s . . . . A r t i f i c i a l lea t h e r , o i l c l o t h , and 43.79 34.02 48.26 54.25 68.48 49.27 49.52 50.44 33.20 51.73 36.80 50.93 62.78 54.77 49.01 53.14 31.66 49.68 43.01 41.13 34.90 N o r t h .......................................... 67.06 54.17 72.16 55.95 53.70 78.76 62.03 93.03 66.99 90.29 66.46 68.30 42.90 55.10 37.86 52.36 62.78 46.88 46.25 49.28 50.69 49.15 54.57 47.88 60.55 53.98 48.88 54.46 53.79 54.68 41.78 44.46 47.04 42.41 53.96 48.43 62.82 46.68 40.34 53.96 47.07 62.25 60.49 72.16 66.91 60.90 71.63 65.28 61.85 74.16 71.23 60.13 66.36 61.05 57-6? 41.29 52.72 45.13 61.16 30.8 41.5 43.8 40.7 38.0 42.1 44.1 46.0 39.4 40.7 37.4 37.8 40.6 40.2 41.6 39-5 39.8 39.1 40.8 40.6 40.4 40.6 42.0 39.7 38.3 37.4 36.9 37.6 37.4 39.2 37.2 39.1 39.7 41.6 38.3 39.6 43.9 39.1 39.3 39.1 40.3 4o.l 4o.o 40.1 41.3 39.4 37.7 36.4 36.0 36.6 36.1 38.9 35.7 39.1 38.9 40.7 37.3 38.8 36.4 38.3 41.3 37.5 37.3 38.5 38.4 38.1 38.7 38.0 4o.i 39.4 37.6 2.03 1.47 1.28 I .67 1.18 1.47 1.33 2.51 2.02 1.37 1.33 1.37 1.36 1.26 1.26 1.29 1.32 37.2 37.3 1.42 1.28 1.31 1.39 1.31 1.45 1.40 1.46 1.13 1.42 1.27 1.52 1.39 1.30 1.46 1.38 1.48 1.14 37.2 1.14 38.0 38.2 37.3 40.5 1.29 1.20 1.20 1.38 1.22 1.31 1.38 1.21 1.30 1.30 1.49 1.60 1.60 1.13 40.8 69.25 61.55 65.6? 40.2 38.0 42.8 40.7 39.8 37.3 39.8 41.2 1.80 1.67 1.70 1.82 1.24 1.71 1.22 44.9 39.4 42.4 39.7 1.91 1.41 1.91 1.40 67.99 59.90 50.68 84.42 56.34 85.76 53.16 76.32 53.99 44.2 40.1 36.3 1.77 1.73 1.37 1.92 1.29 1.63 1.33 36.8 36.1 2.32 1.41 1.66 1.19 1.48 1.99 1.43 .99 1.30 1.37 1.94 1.47 1.58 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.29 1.76 1.42 1.62 40.6 40.7 39.3 38.4 39.9 73.19 49.65 62.70 36.8 36.5 38.5 1.35 2.49 2.07 40.6 4l.o 38.9 32.20 73-16 38.3 42.7 2.06 41.3 41.9 40.7 38.3 41.6 42.4 39.1 43.2 42.1 76.32 63.30 73.44 46.9 4o.o 39.1 38.3 42.2 44.6 41.7 1.76 1.72 1.58 1.65 1.98 1.42 1.15 1.42 1.04 1.36 1.52 1.25 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.29 1.41 1.26 1.51 1.37 1.30 1.48 1.49 1.47 1.12 1.17 1.11 1.38 1.21 1.51 1.50 1.76 1.73 I .56 1.55 1.74 1.63 1.63 1.23 1.80 1.36 Hours 3!id Earntn^s Tab!e C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued industry Aug. Av e rage w e e k l y earnings 1955 APPAREL AMD OTHER FtMtSHED TEXTtLE PRODUCTS............................... # 49.82 M e n ' s and boys' f u r n i s h i n g s and w o r k Shir t s , c o l l a r s , and n i g h t w e a r ........... S e p a r a t e t r o u s e r s ............................ W o m e n ' s suits, coats, and s k i r t s ......... Wo m e n ' s , c h i l d r e n ' s u n d e r g a r m e n t s ........ U n d e r w e a r and n i g h t w e a r , e x c e p t c orsets. C o r s e t s a nd a l l i e d g a r m e n t s ............... 60.39 42.11 42.18 43.15 38.29 54.21 53.85 39.68 69.54 44.53 41.92 LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURMtTURE)............................. S a w m i l l s an d p l a n i n g m i l l s .................. S a w m i l l s and p l a n i n g mills, g e n e r a l ..... plywood, Millwork and p r e f a b r i c a t e d ........................... Partitions, Sc r e e n s , shelving, bl i n d s , 2 2 . l ockers, and an d m i s c e l l a n e o u s f u r n i - 41.70 41.47 41.70 43.32 52.00 50.26 52.69 40.45 35.34 38.17 67.71 42.12 39.55 34.78 53-15 33.91 66.92 43.80 4i. oe 48.01 69.66 65.57 67.30 73-95 74.38 77.34 70.35 70.76 46.65 46.44 88.24 74.82 73.43 73-99 73.43 73.63 51-75 53.46 78.81 68.62 Office, p u b l i c - b u i l d i n g , and p r o f e s s i o n a l f u r n i t u r e ...................................... 40.52 73.15 83.84 FURMtTURE AMD FtXTURES.................. upholstered... $48.87 37.05 42.78 58.10 Wood ho u se h o l d furniture, $47.88 58.48 44.27 55-30 53.06 M i s c e l l a n e o u s w o o d p r o d u c t s ................ except 1954 44.25 53-OS 54.88 53.06 53.19 Wood ho u se h o l d furniture, 1955 44.77 50.03 46.50 93.94 Millwork, ^'earnings^ Aug. 46.46 54.60 46.49 44.64 49.24 48.15 59.25 M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s . . . . O t h e r f a b r i c a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s ......... C u r t a i n s , d r a p e r i e s , and o t h e r h o u s e — July 64.79 58.37 70.21 73.68 62.58 46.62 43.92 48.00 53.18 52.26 67.10 67.68 Aug. July 1955 1955 1954 36.9 36.0 36.6 36.1 37-6 36.5 37-0 35.8 37-2 36.9 Aug. July 1954 36.2 $1.35 35.0 1.65 $1.33 1.62 $1-35 I .63 36.9 36.7 1.12 1.14 37.0 35.2 35-6 33-7 33-8 1.11 1.13 1.13 .94 1.49 1.44 1.13 1.13 1.20 .94 1.51 1.48 1.10 1.09 1.98 1.21 1.32 i.4o 1.34 1.36 1.73 1.59 1.16 37.7 37.9 36.3 37-5 .95 1.51 1.50 1.09 1.97 1.21 1.13 1-33 I .58 1.24 1.21 1.32 37-5 37.2 38.7 39-5 39-2 39-6 37.2 39-1 39.0 1.18 1.37 1.40 41.8 40.5 40.5 38.1 42.5 40.9 42.5 40.9 41.5 38.9 2.07 1.72 2.03 1.72 1.07 2.28 1.07 2.28 1.73 1.60 1.05 2.23 1.79 1.74 1.77 1.74 1.77 1.69 1.69 1.62 43.6 43.4 41.2 38.7 71-99 72.84 41.8 42.2 42.6 40.2 40.6 M.5 41.8 42.2 41.6 39.5 36.2 36.3 36.1 42.2 42.3 43.4 4o.i 1-75 1.74 1.75 1.94 1.20 1.13 1.32 1.56 1.23 1.24 1.19 40.5 41.7 42.6 43.1 42.4 39-5 39.3 40.7 1.85 1.32 1.31 42.1 40.6 41.8 40.6 4o.6 4o.4 42.3 41.5 41.3 38.6 42.1 40.9 4o.6 39-8 41.3 1.75 61.69 41.8 41.4 4o.i 1.57 1.98 2.01 68.69 48.98 58.38 47.95 54.13 64.96 61.71 61.00 56.44 64.46 70.35 65.27 69.38 63.74 54.81 Aug. 1955 36.1 1955 40.3 37.6 35.9 34.9 35-9 34.9 36.4 34.7 35.3 34.9 36.8 35.1 37.1 35.0 36.2 35.2 37-5 35.0 37-5 37.8 37.0 36.0 37-9 37.3 45-57 89.42 Aug. 1.13 1.33 1.66 1.23 1.21 1.28 1.15 1.34 1.58 i.4o 1.24 1.22 1.33 1.55 1.63 1.60 1.52 1.57 1.51 1.38 1.70 1.36 1.67 1.72 1.35 1.64 1.68 1.80 1.79 1.54 1.49 i.4o 1.31 1.32 77.58 69.39 83.95 73-57 77-39 43.1 41.1 44.2 4i.o 42.4 41.8 86.68 79.60 75-05 42.7 40.2 39.5 2.03 1.98 1.90 66.62 64.62 64.84 41.9 40.9 41.3 1.59 1.58 1-57 63.14 84.02 72.73 1.74 1.93 Tab!e C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Av e r a g e w e e k l y earnings industry July Aug. Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. 1955 1955 $79.30 86.78 73.57 73.33 78.31 69.97 1954 1955 43.2 44.3 42.6 42.7 1955 43.1 44.5 1955 $1.84 1954 $1.76 1.86 1.68 4 i.o 41.4 1954 1955 42.6 $1.85 43.6 1.96 42.0 1.77 42.2 1.76 1.90 39.8 1.69 4 i.o 38.7 38.5 86.83 75.40 75.15 77.71 70.30 91.18 95.23 99.36 81.81 90.23 93.96 54.52 B o o k b i n d i n g and r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s p u b l i s h i n g and p r i n t i n g 69.70 106.90 CHEM!CALS AMD ALL!ED PRODUCTS........................ I n d u s t r i a l i n o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ............. I n d u s t r i a l o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ............... 82.81 90.58 89.06 87.12 86.73 100.62 74.40 81.80 74.56 Soa p , 90.95 95.76 93.50 78.41 90.17 67.15 94.76 85.20 lacquers, 83.92 73-15 62.21 72.65 65.94 70.56 70.47 73.63 40.9 66.83 41.6 87.40 91.85 91.03 35-8 41.4 78.98 85.10 38.8 40.7 41.8 41.9 36.0 40.3 69.70 67.60 37.6 39.6 107.96 105.30 39-3 39.4 78.94 41.2 40.8 40.3 40.9 94.42 54.60 83.22 90.80 88.07 87.94 86.53 97.53 76.57 80.39 74.56 89.54 53.62 86.48 84.38 83.43 84.02 91.39 72.07 78.21 71.63 4 o .i 40.5 40.9 41.2 40.4 40.9 cosmetics..... 2.74 2.70 40.9 2.01 2.22 2.21 2.13 2.07 2.39 2.02 2.22 2.18 2.15 2.09 2.13 2.12 2.06 2.01 4o.6 39.8 40.5 40.3 40.3 40.3 42.6 42.7 4 l.l 71-33 59-68 61.02 88.74 82.71 99-53 102.41 96.05 91.16 86.32 103.33 70.99 74.37 LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS.......................... 53.48 52.40 69.84 67.82 51.98 2.72 43.8 74.15 50.92 39.0 76.86 68.80 61.30 74.30 71.86 70.30 1.72 83.69 102.97 67.82 76.26 L e a t h e r : t a n n e d , c u r r i e d , and f i n i s h e d . . . I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g and p a c k i n g . . . 1.76 41.2 41.3 41.3 78.66 RUBBER PRODUCTS.................................................... 86.73 1.45 1.76 4 l.o 4o.4 42.8 69.99 64.37 51.99 49.74 93.07 83.13 75.85 2.10 2.30 2.00 2.35 1.90 2.03 1.85 i.4 o 1.93 2.24 1.82 1.97 1.76 2.08 2.28 2.00 2.01 2.20 1.91 1.96 1.66 1.60 1.53 1.47 1.84 1.49 1.71 1.77 1.55 1.96 1.87 43.7 46.0 46.0 38.6 43.4 40.3 37-9 43.5 38.5 42.2 2.04 2.04 41.2 41.3 40.8 4 i.o 2.38 40.7 2.41 2.51 2.12 2.27 42.2 2.47 2.11 39.1 37.4 4o.o 40.2 2.10 2.44 1.73 1.86 2.09 2.42 1.74 I .85 1.94 2.29 37-4 39-2 4 o .i 1.40 I .81 1.74 1.35 1.34 1.39 1.37 1.73 1.34 1.33 1.33 41.2 44.3 43.1 46.1 40.6 40.3 44.1 66.40 77.15 51.24 38.2 68.99 39-7 40.4 38.5 66.97 48.55 48.71 1.86 2.05 1.85 1.46 1.95 2.16 2.20 1.97 1.67 1.51 1.64 1.53 1.78 1.83 41.3 42.2 39.2 41.0 85.65 2.27 2.58 2.27 39-3 41.5 41.2 42.6 72.87 63.50 74.20 69.05 2.35 2.66 2.32 1.99 2.26 2.32 40.7 38.3 41.8 4o.8 39-6 39-7 40.7 39.6 2.40 2.01 2.25 1.67 1.85 1.63 2.32 39.4 41.9 42.1 4o.o 39-9 41.4 41.5 2.35 2.66 1.95 1.76 1.75 1.91 1.69 40.5 82.81 90.86 78.88 80.96 62.15 88.54 35.6 4 o .i 85.28 92.11 85.60 82.06 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL...................... 98.06 99.54 Cok e , o t h e r p e t r o l e u m and c o a l p r o d u c t s . . 93.05 81.10 and F e r t i l i z e r s ..................................... E s s e n t i a l oils, p e r f u m e s , $74.98 39.4 39-9 40.7 37.4 39.6 c l e a n i n g and p o l i s h i n g Pa i n t s , v a r n i s h e s , Average hourly earnings Aug. PAPER AMD ALUED PRODUCTS................................ $79.92 PR!MT!MG, PUBLtSHtMG, AND ALUED !NDUSTR!ES............................................................ Average weekly hours 38.0 43.9 41.5 44.7 40.3 43.0 41.3 42.7 40.8 40.2 37-7 38.8 39-2 38.8 37.4 43.0 41.7 44.3 43.2 36.5 36.9 1.61 1.66 1.58 1.76 1.61 1.80 1.58 2.36 1.97 1.66 1.77 1.76 1.67 1.32 Hours and Eammgs Tabte C-l: Hours f nd gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory empioyees - Continued Industry Average weekly hou r s ^ r n i n g s " " "'lafnings'^ Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. 1955 1955 1954 1955 1955 1954 1955 1955 1954 LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS - Continued L u g g a g e .......................................... H a n d b a g s and s mall l e a t h e r g o o d ^ .......... G l o v e s and m i s c e l l a n e o u s l e a t h e r goods... $57.30 47.75 46.63 $56.62 48.01 45.13 $56.24 47.82 44.90 38.2 37.9 37.3 38.0 38.1 36.1 38.0 39.2 36.5 $1.50 1.26 1.25 $1.49 1.26 1.25 $1.48 1.22 1.23 STOME, CLAY, AMD GLASS PRODUCTS.......... 77.75 110.12 73.68 77.14 67.69 67.04 79.30 71.90 69.60 70.93 71.34 77.39 67.28 8 1.17 78.83 69.39 77.23 111.10 73.9 1 76.21 70.12 63.60 81.93 70.30 69.76 70.41 69.66 72.96 62.84 81.35 78.88 69.23 72.04 96.29 70.77 73.45 66.85 61.76 76.36 67.23 66.40 69.19 69.22 67.16 60.50 76.05 73.51 64.78 41.8 41.4 39.4 40.6 37.4 41.9 41.3 41.8 43.5 41.0 4l.o 38.5 37.8 45.6 46.1 43.1 41.3 41.3 38.9 39-9 37.3 4o.o 41.8 41.6 43.6 4 0.7 40.5 38.0 35.5 45.7 46.4 4 3.0 4 0 .7 39.3 39.1 39.7 38.2 40.9 41.5 41.5 43.4 4 0 .7 4 1 .7 36.9 35.8 45.0 4 5.1 4i.o 1.86 2.66 1 .8 7 1.90 1.81 1.60 1.92 1.72 1.60 1.73 1.74 2.01 1 .7 8 1 .78 1.71 1 .6 1 1.87 2.69 1.90 1.91 1.88 1.59 1.96 1.69 1.60 1.73 1 .72 1.92 1.77 1 .7 8 1.70 1.61 1.77 2.45 1 .8 1 I .85 1.75 1.51 1.84 1.62 1.53 1.70 1.66 1.82 1.69 1.69 1.63 1.5 8 82.15 85.89 85.30 83.33 79.15 80.50 86.48 81.48 73.68 73.48 78.25 65.93 4 1 .7 40.9 43.3 38.4 40.8 38.7 43.9 38.8 39.4 37.3 4i.4 33.3 1.97 2 .10 1.97 2 .1 7 1.94 2.08 1.97 2.10 1 .8 7 1.97 1.89 1.98 92.39 92.57 80.64 40 .7 4o.6 38.4 2 .2 7 2.28 2.10 98.33 98.65 82.43 40.3 4o.i 37.3 2.44 2.46 2.2 1 98.33 87.56 83.62 82.37 81.99 88.41 99.05 88.18 83.43 83.42 80.39 84.87 82.43 79.00 74.10 73.49 75.07 75.62 40.3 41.3 41.6 41.6 41.2 41.9 4o.i 41.4 41.3 41.5 40.6 4 i.o 37.3 39-5 39.0 39.3 39.1 38.0 2.44 2.12 2 .01 1.98 1.99 2.11 2 .4 7 2 .13 2.02 2.01 I .98 2.07 2.2 1 2.00 1.90 1.8 7 1.92 1.99 79.34 84.65 79.79 38.2 40.5 40.3 2.09 2.09 1.98 73.40 89.42 80.60 87.45 76.59 84.82 36.7 4 o .l 39.9 40.3 4o.i 40.2 2.00 2.23 2.02 2.17 1.9 1 2 .1 1 8 1.71 79.57 72 .6 7 4 1.9 42.1 40.6 1.95 I .89 1.79 84.84 85.05 80.60 4o.4 40.5 4o.i 2.10 2.10 2.01 83.62 86.92 8o.4o 40.2 4i.o 4o .o 2.08 2.12 2.01 84.80 84.45 95-95 99.96 94.98 90.09 83.18 82.81 93.98 97.23 94.08 86.94 80.00 79.80 84.53 86.08 85.65 83.16 4o.6 41.9 42.0 42.4 40.4 4o .o 39.8 4o.2 41.4 41.2 42.0 39.7 4o .o 2.12 2.08 2.29 2.38 2.24 2.23 2.09 2.06 2.27 2.36 2.24 2 .19 2.00 2.01 2.14 2.23 2.12 2.10 G l a s s an d g l a s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or b l o w n . ... Glass c o n tainers . . . . . P r e s s e d and b l o w n g l a s s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G l a s s p r o d u c t s m a d e of p u r c h a s e d glass... Ce m e n t h y d r a u l i c . ............................ S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c t s .................... B r i c k and h o l l o w t i l e ....................... F l o o r and w a l l t i l e ......................... C l a y r e f r a c t o r i e s ........................... P o t t e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ............... C o n c r e t e , g y p sum, and p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s . . . Concrete products....................... C u t - s t o n e and s t o n e p r o d u c t s ............... Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral p r o d u c t s .......... ......... .................. A b r a s i v e p r o d u c t s . ........................... A s b e s t o s p r o d u c t s . ........................... N o n c l a y r e f r a c t o r i e s ........................ PR)MARY METAL tMDUSTRtES...................... ^iIlL^xcept'e!tcIroIe^!lurgical^'^ products. . . . . ......... ... E l e c t r o m e t a l l u r g i c a l p r o d u c t s ............ Iro n and s t e e l f o u n d r i e s . ..... . G r a y — iron f o u n d r i e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M a lleable iron foundries ... .. S t e e l f o u n d r i e s .............................. P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................ P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of copper lead and zinc P r i m a r y r e f i n i n g of a l u m i n u m .............. n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................ Ro l l i n g , d r a w i n g and a l l o y i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................ R o l l i n g , d r a w i n g , and a l l o y i n g of R o l l i n g , d r a w i n g , and a l l o y i n g of aluminum .... Nonferrous foundries . .. ..... ....... M i s c e l l a n e o u s p r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s . .. i"ron and s t e e l f o r g i n g s . ...... W e l d e d and h e a v y - r i v e t e d p i p e ............. 32 39.7 39.5 38.6 4o.4 39.6 Hours and Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emp!oyees - Continued Average weekly ea r n i n g s Industry ^ l a r ^ s ^ Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. 1955 1955 1954 1955 1955 1954 .1 9 5 5 1955 1954 $81.99 $76.95 83.13 89.59 74.74 77-95 41.6 41.2 43.7 4o.6 40.5 42.2 40.4 4 o .i 39.6 4o.8 $2. 0 0 2.07 1.94 $1.99 2.05 1.92 1-91 2.03 1.66 1.89 2.01 1.97 1.85 1.65 1.85 1.91 1.93 I .89 1.86 I .96 1.96 1.89 FABR!CATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTAHON EQU!PMENT). $83.20 T i n c a n s and o t h e r t i n w a r e .................. 90.25 C u t l e r y , h a n d tools, an d h a r d w a r e ......... 79.54 67.06 H a r d w a r e ........................................ H e a t i n g a p p a r a t u s ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c ) and Average weekly ho u r s 67.23 66.17 76.59 84.45 75.22 82.41 73.26 77-93 78.17 43.6 4 l.o 40.4 4 o .i 4 i.6 40.5 39.8 4 i.o 1.66 $ 1.90 S a n i t a r y w a r e an d p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s . . . . O i l b u r n e r s , n o n e l e c t r i c h e a t i n g and c o o k i n g a p p a r a t u s , n ot e l s e w h e r e 79.80 74.84 77.62 75-14 79.38 40.5 39.6 39.6 4o.4 39.7 40.5 2.01 F a b r i c a t e d s t r u c t u r a l m e t a l p r o d u c t s ..... S t r u c t u r a l s t e e l and o r n a m e n t a l m e t a l 84.65 77-30 73.66 83.64 73-53 79-73 40.9 41.7 39.6 41.2 4o.4 4 i.i 2.0? 1.86 2.03 1.82 1.94 86.07 85.46 80.87 42.4 42.1 41.9 2.03 2.03 1.93 83.23 82.62 85.69 85.90 68.97 89.67 82.82 78.38 4 i.o 40.6 4o.4 4o.6 2.03 2.04 Metal doors, sash, fra.es, Holding, and S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k ............................ M e t a l s t a m p i n g , c o a t i n g , and e n g r a v i n g . . . S t a m p e d and p r e s s e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s . F a b r i c a t e d w i r e p r o d u c t s .............. . ... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. M e t a l s h i p p i n g b a r r e l s , drum s , kegs, 78.94 77.49 83-53 nuts, w a s h e r s , a n d r i v e t s ......... Screw-machine p r o d u c t s . . . . ............... MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL)........................ S t e am engines, turbines, 66.58 90.95 73.88 75.55 83.30 A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ...... A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y (e x c e p t t r a c t o r s )..................................... C o n s t r u c t i o n and m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y ......... C o n s t r u c t i o n and m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y , ! e t a l working m a c h i n e r y .................. M a c h i n e t o o l s ................................. M e ta l w or k i ng m ac h i n e r y (except machine M a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s a r i e s ................... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y m a c h i n e r y (except metal- 79-37 78.40 59-73 41.7 80.60 41.8 41.3 42.1 2.06 I .67 2.08 1.62 2.03 2.13 1.93 I .89 1.97 2.15 2.01 42.5 4o.o 37.1 4 o .i 39.5 4o.4 4o.o 1.94 1.94 1.95 1.87 1.96 1.81 1.85 4 i.i 2.16 2.16 2.07 2.03 1.91 2.00 1.88 38.6 42.8 41.7 4 l.l 42.3 40.7 70.71 73-12 74.00 40.9 85.08 43.3 44.1 43.3 42.1 43.1 42.3 39.5 39.9 4 i.o 42.4 39.3 40.4 2.02 2.05 2.02 1.88 1.96 I .61 1.79 86.32 87.67 86.11 88.94 41.5 40.4 4 l.4 40.8 40.2 39.8 2.08 2.08 84.77 2.17 2.18 2.01 2.13 89.47 87.55 95-17 38.9 38.4 41.2 2.30 2.28 2.31 87-12 78.99 80.36 40.9 41.5 2.15 2.03 2.05 82.16 89.23 81.20 83.41 2.08 2.05 75.66 87.33 1.97 2.04 1.90 74.48 74.26 72.62 80.80 40.5 r 38.0 2.1C 80.36 39.3 39-5 4o.o 4 o .i 39-2 39.3 39.2 2.13 2.01 78.41 86.50 74.67 73.59 39.0 42.6 39-8 42.4 40.3 39.3 1.94 2.05 87.14 88.10 98.99 86.93 85.40 98.76 94. 4o 76.82 82.96 42.2 92.64 86.11 42.3 43.4 43.8 44.1 102.73 94.83 90.94 104.58 85.70 100.02 43.3 43.9 44.5 82.17 83.63 81.97 83.43 77.59 79.58 68.60 81.06 85.86 41.5 41.4 41.4 41.4 41.1 41.1 42.0 41.2 96.14 74.11 P a p e r - i n d u s t r i e s m a c h i n e r y ................. P r i n t i n g - t r a d e s m a c h i n e r y an d e q u i p m e n t . 40.9 80.41 85.05 87.90 and w a t e r D i e s e l and o t h e r i n t e r n a l - c o m b u s t i o n 86.74 78.76 95.26 85.48 86.20 79.95 93-53 Bolts, 77.97 86.88 89.80 93-24 73-57 87.60 90.64 77.42 44.9 42.7 43.7 43.5 42.1 43.8 2.08 39.6 2.06 41.9 42.3 2.03 41.4 2.26 2.18 41.2 43.3 40.2 40.6 39.2 42.0 40.5 2.09 1.89 2.06 1.96 1.82 1.97 1.95 1.94 2.00 1.98 2.19 2.08 2.19 2.16 2.34 2.35 2.08 2.31 1.98 2.02 1.79 2.00 2.22 2.03 1.79 2.00 2.20 1.98 1.93 2.26 2.17 1.96 1.75 1.93 2.12 33 Hours and Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emp!oyees - Continued Average weekly hours ^'etrnings"" Aug. July Aug. industry Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. 1955 1955 1954 1955 1955 1954 41.5 41.1 40.7 40.5 41.2 42.4 41.4 40.7 41.4 4o.8 42.6 40.3 4o.i 40.1 40.2 39.5 4o.i $2.06 1-99 88.61 $80.20 79.00 80.60 74.77 77.82 79.80 1955 1955 1954 $85.49 $84.46 80.59 86.94 80.38 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELEClRtCAL) - Continued Average hourly earnings . $2.04 I .98 2.10 1.97 2.03 2.08 $1.99 1.97 2.01 2.05 2.08 2.25 I .89 2.03 2.05 2.02 1.99 2.06 2.16 1.84 1.95 2.01 40.2 39.5 I .89 2.06 1.9 0 2.05 1.8 7 1.97 39.9 41.6 39.9 4 3.8 4 1.8 38.6 39.5 38.8 39.1 4 0.7 2.04 2.05 2.02 2.11 2.02 2.04 2.03 2.01 2.09 1.99 1.96 1.95 1.97 1.93 1.93 4o.6 39.8 39.8 1.88 1.88 1 .8 1 77.78 67.60 40.6 39.5 4o.4 39.2 40.3 39.3 I .98 1.76 1.98 1.77 1.93 1.72 77-59 74.80 4i.i 40.2 4o.o 1.94 1.93 1 .8 7 74.66 72.40 73.16 40.8 4o.o 40.2 1.83 1.8 1 1.82 . P o w e r and d i s t r i b u t i o n t r a n s f o r m e r s ..... 84.85 83.01 84.23 84.04 83.64 78.98 40.6 4 1.3 40.3 4i.4 40.6 40.5 2.09 2.01 2.09 2.03 2.06 1.95 ^intrfls!!. E l e c t r i c a l w e l d i n g a p p a r a t u s .............. E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e s ........................ I n s u l a t e d w i r e and c a b l e . ........ E l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t for v e h i c l e s ....... Electric la m p s . .......................... 80.39 94.76 77.78 73.98 85.91 67.66 72.50 80.39 93.29 77-62 73.85 82.42 66.81 69.78 75.98 86.48 75.46 69.95 74.10 63.69 69.03 40.6 44.7 40.3 41.1 41.5 39.8 40.5 4o.6 4 3.8 39.6 40.8 40.4 39.3 39.2 40.2 42.6 39.3 40.2 39.0 38.6 39.9 1.93 1.80 2.07 1.70 1.79 1.98 2.13 1.96 1.8 1 2.04 1 .7 0 1 .78 1.89 2.03 1.92 1.74 1.90 1.65 1.73 69.60 66.07 68.60 62.21 67.66 64.08 39.8 4o.o 39.2 37.7 39.8 39.8 1.74 1.66 1 .75 1.65 1 .7 0 1 .6 1 92.42 74.70 88.37 61.62 80.80 84.46 72.83 82.00 60.19 84.87 80.60 67.25 75.06 57-90 77.60 4 3.8 4o.6 42.9 39.5 40.2 41.2 39.8 40.3 39-1 39.3 38.6 2 .1 1 1.84 2.06 1.56 2.01 2.05 1.83 2.05 1.52 2.05 2.00 1 .72 1.9 1 1 .5 0 1.94 Pu m p s air and gas c o m p r e s s o r s ........... C o n v e y o r s and c o n v e y i n g e q u i p m e n t ....... B l o w e r s , e x h a u s t and v e n t i l a t i n g f a n s . .. Industrial trucks t r a c t o r s , e t c . ....... M e c h a n i c a l p o w e r - t r a n s m i s s i o n equi p m e n t . 81.79 86.28 79.79 84.05 89.46 ^ f u r n a i e s \ n d ° o v I L ^ . ! ^ l ! ' ^ ^ ....... O f f i c e an d s t o r e m a c h i n e s and d e v i c e s . . . . C o m p u t i n g m a c h i n e s and c a s h r e g i s t e r s . . . 84.67 82.78 90.90 74.47 81.00 81.80 84.44 82.80 92.93 73.71 80.79 78.28 79-00 79-40 86.40 73.23 76.44 81.20 41.3 39-8 40.4 39-4 39.9 39.9 41.8 4o.o 41.3 39.0 39.8 38.0 39.7 39.7 4o.o 39-8 39.2 40.4 79.00 82.19 78.66 82.21 75-17 77.82 41.8 39-9 41.4 4o.i 80.58 85.90 82.42 90.94 85.24 81.40 84.45 80.20 91.34 83.18 75-66 77.03 76.44 75.46 78.55 39-5 4 1.9 4o.8 4 3 .1 42.2 ELEClRtCAL MACHtMERY...................... 76.33 74.82 72.04 ^Istr!bu^i^lnri!dus[ria^apparatuB.. W i r i n g d e v i c e s and s u p p l i e s ............... 80.39 69.52 79-99 69.38 '^ectrica!)'^"' 79.73 S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s . . D o m e s t i c l a u n d r y e q u i p m e n t ................ 'p"^Machines' S e w i n g m a c h i n e s .............................. ^ Machine shops (job and r e p a i r ) .......... R e c o r d i n g instruments and "sets^ "and° eqJpment'*^' ....... P r i m a r y b a t t e r i e s ( d r y and w e t ) .......... X - r a y an d n o n - r a d i o e l e c t r o n i c tube s . . . . -3k 4 o .i 1.97 2.04 2.11 2.07 2.25 I .89 2.03 1.86 1.97 1.99 2.00 air-conditioning M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s .............. F a b r i c a t e d pipe, fi t t i n g s , and va l v e s . . . B a l l a n d r o l l e r b e a r i n g s ................... Equipment. 81 . 4o 2.12 4o.o 39.6 41.4 4o.o I .98 2.12 Hours jtnd L i m u i ^ s Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Industry A v erage w e e k l y earnings Aug. July Aug. Aug. July Aug. 1955 1955 $ 92.99 97.75 1954 $85.63 1955 40.9 41.2 1955 41.7 42.5 1954 40.2 4o.o 88.58 78.09 41.2 42.6 41.0 41.3 39.9 4 i.i 39.2 40.8 TRAMSPORTATtOM EQUtPMEMT................ $91.62 A u t o m o b i l e s ..................................... M o t o r v e h i c l e s , b o d i e s , part s , and a c c e s s o r i e s ................................... T r u c k and b us b o d i e s ........................ T r a i l e r s ( t r u c k and a u t o m o b i l e ) .......... A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s a n d p a r t s ............. O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a n d e q u i p m e n t ...... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ..... S h i p b u i l d i n g an d r e p a i r i n g ................. B o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ................. R a i l r o a d an d s t r e e t c a r s ................... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............. !NSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS.................. Laboratory, scientific, and enginee r i n g 94.35 83.64 87.19 66.85 92.62 98.24 88.82 79.27 98.83 60.77 83.01 89.40 89.19 89.62 88.70 90.06 81.72 84.63 68.38 90.32 95.60 86.85 75.39 77.16 95-17 82.19 83.21 88.97 89.19 85.72 95.89 91.98 P h o t o g r a p h i c a p p a r a t u s ....................... MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURE !NDUSTR!ES.... dol l s , 84.85 81.12 83.03 70.75 41.4 4 i.o 4 i.i 39-5 43.0 42.0 30.9 39-1 38.2 81.79 40.8 78.49 39-3 86.43 42.9 41.2 41.1 41.3 40.5 41.5 39-1 39.0 39.3 40.5 42.3 40.9 4 i.o 39-3 4o.6 39.0 36.8 40.2 38.4 40.2 37.2 39-8 39.3 2.31 1.99 2.01 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.23 2.19 2.15 2.23 1.75 2.27 2.29 2.32 1.97 2.01 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.19 2.17 2.09 2.17 1.74 2.23 Aug. 1954 $2.13 2.20 2.22 1.90 1.88 2.09 2.08 2.10 2.10 2.09 2.08 2.14 1.76 1.91 2.21 1.88 2.13 2.15 2.11 I .87 1-91 1.90 1.83 2.07 2.26 2.26 76.38 72.29 40.4 40.2 88.32 88.29 82.59' 40.7 40.5 39.9 2.17 2.18 78.57 76.99 77.20 77.78 72.54 73.68 40.5 40.0 40.3 39.0 39-4 1.94 1.92 1.93 1.93 1.86 68.61 62.06 84.85 69.08 67.60 60.89 85.28 67.47 40.6 4o.o 39-8 4 i.o 39-2 4o.4 37-8 I .69 1.54 2.09 1.74 1.69 1.53 2.08 1.70 1.67 1.50 1.65 1.70 1.70 66.50 71.06 66.64 65.31 67.66 62.88 77.30 56.70 79-79 63.91 63.44 66.26 62.58 58.67 60.14 58.31 38.74 59-35 56.74 72.10 70.64 72.04 69.48 39-7 39.8 39-3 39-7 39-6 59.95 56.60 40.3 39.7 58.41 6 l.4 l 40.6 39.7 4o.o 38.7 59 21 55.71 40.3 74.03 72.00 60.96 61.86 4 o .i 41.8 41.8 41.9 73-35 60.34 and child r e n' s S p o r t i n g a n d a t h l e t i c g o o d s ............... Pens, p e n c i l s , o t h e r o f f i c e s u p p l i e s ..... 85.27 85.07 86.10 82.53 July 1955 1955 $2.24 $2.23 2.29 2.30 41.5 80.03 toys, 73-70 41.3 Aug. 74.43 66.88 Games, 88.00 Average hourly earnings 39.3 40.1 M e c h a n i c a l m e a s u r i n g a nd c o n t r o l l i n g O p t i c a l i n s t r u m e n t s and l e n s e s ............. Surgical, medical, ana dental instru- Average weekly hours 71.20 68.61 66.63 40.3 40.5 38.5 39-9 40.9 40.9 40.9 1.60 1.65 40.0 39-2 1.82 1.60 1.89 1.80 1.52 1.53 38.6 38.8 39-4 1.52 38.5 40.1 39-4 40.6 39.9 1.51 1.54 1.52 1.47 1.75 1.74 40.9 40.7 40.4 37.9 41.2 40.6 41.4 39.7 38.9 1.91 1-55 1.52 1.47 1.74 1.75 1.87 1.97 1.66 1.59 1.62 1.53 1.81 1.78 1.49 1.48 1.51 1.48 1.44 1.69 1.67 Hours tind Ea'titno- Tabte C-!: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Average weekly hours ^larnings^ industry Aug. 1955 July 1955 $80.65 Average hourly earnings Aug. 1954 Aug. 1955 July 1955 Aug. 1954 $81.14 81.22 $79.10 78.26 (1/) 42.9 4i.4 43.2 41.2 43.0 72.76 59.52 72.00 60.06 67.69 56.47 40.2 38.4 40.0 38.5 105.32 79.71 IOI.87 79.34 95-18 77.33 45.2 42.4 88.20 89.67 81.00 86.94 89.66 81.81 83.43 85.28 78.94 91.16 87.78 77.55 Aug. 1955 July 1955 Aug. 1954 (1/) $1.88 $1.96 1.88 $1.92 1.82 38.9 37.4 1 .8 1 1.55 1.80 1.56 1.74 1.51 44.1 42.2 42.3 41.8 2.33 1.88 2.31 1.88 2.25 1.85 41.8 41.9 40.5 41.4 4 1 .7 4 0 .7 41.3 41.4 40.9 2 .1 1 2.14 2.00 2.10 2.15 2.01 2.02 2.06 1.93 84.04 42.6 41.6 41.4 2.14 2.11 2.03 78.53 74.34 4o.6 40.9 40.4 1.91 1.92 1.84 60.19 42.60 60.34 43.08 57.96 41.76 39.6 35.8 39.7 35.9 39.7 36.0 1.52 1.19 1.52 1.20 1.46 1.16 48.15 63.90 80.78 46.77 48.28 63.73 81.14 47.6 1 47.32 62.09 75.75 46.70 36.2 39.2 43.9 35.7 36.3 39.1 44.1 35.8 36.4 39.3 44.3 36.2 1.33 1.63 1.84 1.31 1.33 I .63 1.84 1.33 1.30 1.58 1.71 1.29 67.46 71.6 7 67.46 71.39 63.84 68.45 41.9 43.7 4 1.9 4 3.8 42.0 43.6 1.6 1 1.64 1.6 1 1.6 3 1.52 1.57 54.62 96.15 74.10 58.77 101.69 74.13 57.75 97.66 71.0 9 - - - - - - - - - - ................... . 40.77 40.89 40.13 41.6 41.3 41.8 .98 .99 .96 L a u n d r i e s ..................................... C l e a n i n g and d y e i n g p l a n t s ............... Motion pictures: 4o.6o 45.93 41.01 47.04 39.40 45.46 40.2 38.6 40.6 39.4 1 .0 1 b u t i o n ..................................... 93.18 95.94 92.34 - - /MM /C Vf/i/r/M.- TRANSPORTATION: L o c a l r a i l w a y s a n d bu s l i n e s .............. C0MMUM!CAT!0M: Switchboard operating e m p l o y e e s ^ / . . . L i n e c o n s t r u c t i o n , i n s t a l l a t i o n , and Telegraph ................................. OTHER PUBUC UT!L!T!ES: G a s and e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s ................ E l e c t r i c li g h t and p o w e r u t i l i t i e s ..... E l e c t r i c l i g h t an d gas u t i l i t i e s c o m — H u d ......................................... W/HKfMAf TVMPf; WHOLESALE TRADE.......................... RETAtL TRADE (EXCEPT FATtMG AMD DR!MK!MG PLACES)................................. G e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s e s t o r e s ................ De p ar t m en t stores and general m a il o r d e r h o u s e s ................................ F o o d and l i q u o r s t o r e s ...................... A u t o m o t i v e and a c c e s s o r i e s d e a l e r s ...... A p p a r e l a n d a c c e s s o r i e s s t o r e s ........... O t h e r r e t a i l trade: F u r n i t u r e and a p p l i a n c e s t o r e s .......... L u m b e r an d h a r d w a r e s u p p l y s t o r e s ...... I n s u r a n c e c a r r i e r s ........................... Mo Hotels, year-round 39.2 38.2 - 1.19 - 1.01 1.20 - 1.00 1.19 - l/ Not available. 2/ Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as svitchboard operators; service as sistants: operating room instructors: and pay-station attendants. During 1954 such employees made up 43 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 3/ Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craftsmen; instal lation and exchange repair craftsmen: line, cable, and conduit craftsmen* and laborers. During 1954 such employees made up 25 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 4/ Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission basis. 5/ Money payments only; additional value of board, room, uniforms, and tips, not included. 36 Adjusted E j t m n g s Tab!# C-2: Gross average weekty earnings of production workers in setected industries, in current and 1947-49 dottars Year Bituminous-coal Laundries Manufacturing mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Annual average: $23.86 #40.17 $23.88 193 9 23.20 42.07 24.71 194 0 29.38 47.03 30.86 194 1 36.63 32.38 33.02 194 2 43.14 38.30 41.62 194 3 1^44.... 46.08 61.28 31.27 1943.... 44.39 37.72 32.23 43.82 32.34 38.03 194 6 49.97 32.32 66.39 194 7 19M .... 34.14 32.6? 72.12 194 9 195 0 1931.... 1952.... 193 3 193 4 34.92 39.33 64.71 67.97 71.69 71.86 33.93 37.71 38.30 39.89 62.67 62.60 63.28 70.33 77.79 78.09 83.31 80.83 Year and month Bituminous-coal Manufacturing Laundries mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Monthly data: $40.20 $17.64 $29.70 1954 41.23 17.93 29.93 July.... $70.92 $ 61.56 $75.39 $65.44 $4o.oo $34.72 61.79 82.09 71.38 39-40 34.26 49.06 18.69 29.71 Aug.... 71.06 62.65 81.17 70.77 40.50 35.31 30.24 20.34 29.18 Sept.... 71.86 72.22 63.07 87.54 76.43 40.50 35.37 36.24 23.08 31.19 73.57 64.20 88.29 77.04 40.40 35.25 68.18 23.93 34.51 74.12 64.85 92.01 80.50 40.70 35.61 6f.93 27.73 36.06 69.38 30.20 36.21 69.73 32.71 34.23 1955 73.97 64.72 92.01 80.50 40.40 33.35 70.16 34.23 33.30 74.74 65.39 94.50 82.68 40.20 35.17 75.11 65.71 91.88 80.38 40.60 35.32 62.16 34.98 34.36 74.96 65.64 93.00 81.44 40.70 35.64 68.43 33.47 34.50 76.30 66.81 93.&T 82.20 41.62 36.44 70.08 37.81 34.06 68.80 38.63 34.04 June.... 76.11 66.53 98.28 83.91 40.80 35.66 74.37 39.69 34.69 95.30 83.26 41.01 35.75 70.43 4o.io 34.93 July.... 76.36 66.57 76.33 66.66 94.75 82.75 40.60 35.46 Tabie C-3: Average weekty earnings, gross and net spendabte, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dottars Net spendable average weekly earnings Worker with W o r k e r with 3 dependents Am o u n t (1947-49 no depen d en t s C u r r e n t 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 C u r r e n t 19 4 7 - 4 9 = 100) Gross weekly Year Annual average: 1939.... 1940.... 1941.... 1942.... 1943.... 1944.... 1945.... Ye ar and month Net s p e n d a b l e Gross average average weekly earnings weekly earnings Worker with In d e x S^dependett no dependents Amount (1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 = 100) Monthly data: $23.86 23.20 29.38 36.65 43.14 46.08 44.39 1946.... 43.82 1947.... 49.97 1948.... 54.14 1949.... 34.92 1930.... 39.33 1931.... 64.71 1952.... 6y.97 1933.... 71.69 1934.... 71.86 45.1 47.6 35.9 69.2 81.3 87.0 83.6 82.8 94.4 102.2 103.7 112.0 122.2 128.4 133.4 133.7 $ 23.38 $39.70 $23.62 $39.76 1954 24.69 41.22 24.93 41.65 July.... $70.92 28.03 44.39 29.28 46.35 71.06 31.77 45.38 36.28 52.03 Sept.... 71.86 36.01 48.66 41.39 33.93 72.22 38.29 30.92 44.06 38.39 73.57 74.12 36.97 48.08 42.74 33.38 37.72 45.23 43.20 51.80 42.76 44.77 48.24 50.51 1955 47.43 46.14 33.17 31.72 73.97 48.09 31.09 34.04 33.66 38.34 39.33 47.24 49.70 48.68 49.04 31.17 31.87 33.83 37.21 61.28 63.62 66.58 66.76 74.74 32 88 73.11 74.96 33.65 76.30 33.21 36.03 June.... 76.11 58.20 38.17 July.... 76.36 76.33 133.9 $58.80 $51.04 $66.00 $57.29 134.2 58.91 51.23 66.12 57.50 135.7 59.55 51.92 66.78 58.22 136.4 59.84 52.26 67.07 58.58 138.9 60.92 33.16 68.18 59.49 140.0 61.36 53.68 68.63 60.04 139.7 141.2 141.9 141.6 144.1 143.7 144.2 144.2 68.41 62.98 62.83 53.50 54.03 54.29 54.23 55.15 34.92 69.02 69.32 69.20 70.27 70.12 63.02 63.00 54.94 55.02 70.32 70.29 61.15 61.76 62.05 61.93 59.85 60.38 60.65 60.60 61.53 61.29 61.31 61.39 2L Adjusted E\immgs Tab!e C-4: Average hourty earnings, gross and exc!uding overtime, and average weekty hours of production workers in manufacturing Year and month D u r a b l e goods N o n d u r a b l e g oods Average hourly earnings Average Average h o urly earnings Average Excluding we e k l y Excluding weekly Gross Gross overtime hours overtime hou rs Manufacturing Average h ourly earnings Gross Excluding overtime Index A m o u n t ( 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 - 100) 1941....... to .729 $0,702 1942......... .805 .853 .961 .894 1943....... 54.5 62.5 69.4 40.6 42.9 44.9 $0,808 .947 1.059 *0.770 .881 42.1 45.1 46.6 $o.64o 1944......... 1945......... 1946....... 1.019 .947 1.023 1/.963 1.086 1.051 /3-5 V74.8 45.2 43.4 40.4 1.111 1.156 1.117 1.029 1/1.042 46.6 44.1 40.2 .861 1.015 1947....... 1948....... 1949....... 1.237 1.198 1.350 1.310 i.4oi 1.367 101.7 106.1 40.4 40.1 39.2 1.410 1.469 1.250 1.366 40.6 40.5 39.5 1.171 1.278 1.325 1950....... 1951....... 1952....... 1.465 1.59 1.480 81.6 93-0 1.292 .976 1.122 1.434 .723 .803 .904 to. 623 38.9 40.3 42.5 .814 1^.838 .981 43.1 42.3 1.133 1.241 4o.l 39.6 .698 .763 1.292 40.5 38.8 1.67 1.415 1.53 l.6l 1953....... 1954....... 1.77 1.71 132.8 136.6 40.5 39.7 1.87 1.92 1.80 1.86 41.3 40.2 1.61 1.66 1.56 l.6i 39.5 39.0 1954: July.. Aug... Sept.. Oct... Nov... Doc... I .80 1.79 1.76 1.81 1.81 1.83 1.83 136.6 133.1 39.4 39.7 39.7 39.9 40.2 40.5 1.91 1.91 1.93 1.93 1.94 1.95 1.86 1.86 1.87 1.87 1.88 1.88 39.7 40.1 40.1 40.4 4o.8 4i.i 1.66 1.65 1.66 1.66 1.67 JL.67 1.62 1.60 1.61 1.61 1.62 1.62 39.0 39.2 39.3 39.2 39.5 39.8 1953: Jan... Teb... Mar... Apr... May... June.. 1.83 1.83 1.86 1.87 1.87 1.89 1.89 1.89 40.9 139.0 139.8 139.8 139.8 1.96 1.96 1.80 1.80 1.80 40.2 40.4 40.6 40.3 40.8 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.69 1.70 1.70 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 39.3 39.5 39.7 39.0 39.6 39.9 1.89 1.88 1.82 1.82 141.3 141.3 1.70 1.71 1.66 1.63 39.7 39.9 July.. Aug... 1.81 1.84 -33 1.76 1.74 1.76 118.8 125.0 40.5 40.7 40.7 109.9 136.6 1.76 1.77 1.77 136.6 137.4 137.4 1.76 1.78 1.79 138.2 138.2 1.67 1.60 1.70 41.2 41.6 41.5 1.378 1.48 1.54 1.337 1.43 1.49 39.7 39.5 39-6 1.537 1.77 40.7 1.97 1.98 1.99 1.99 1.90 1.91 1.91 4i.i 41.4 41.2 41.6 41.2 40.4 40.6 2.02 2.01 1.94 1.94 40.9 41.1 Hour tndexes Tab!# C-5. indexes of aggregate weekty man-hours in industria) and construction activity ^ ( 1 947-49 = 100) Year and month 1947: 1946: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average,. Monthly data: 1954: July.... Aug.... Sept.... Nov.... T O T A L 2/ 103.6 103.4 93-0 101.5 109.5 109.7 113.3 101.5 Contract Mining c o n s t r u c t ion division division 105.1 105.4 39.5 94.6 103.4 95.0 90.9 87.5 124.1 99.5 102.2 102.3 103.0 103.5 102.9 1955: Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June.... 100.8 103.0 103.1 106.1 108.0 July.... Aug.... 107.2 110.0 Year and month 1947: 1946: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: 99.9 92.1 111.5 105.9 106.2 108.5 96.5 Monthly data: 1954: July.... 89.6 Sept.... Oct.... 76.6 127.5 123.1 115.9 127.3 129.8 123.8 123.3 118.2 108.9 76.5 77-4 76.8 76.4 76.0 75-7 77.7 80.4 78.6 79.3 103.3 104.6 97.4 96.0 92.4 100.6 106.1 117.2 122.3 128.7 129.1 102.8 103.9 93.3 102.9 111.4 104.3 106.6 99-0 96.7 99.9 100.7 102.2 102.1 101.6 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June.... 98.0 101.3 102.0 98.9 99.8 103.3 103.3 105.1 108.0 110.6 July.... 100.0 109.3 107.6 111.0 99.2 100.1 Total: Durable goods 104.8 106.1 103.2 92.0 101.1 108.4 108.4 113.6 101.1 97.1 99.9 101.2 101.9 103.2 103.8 102.0 103.6 105.2 104.5 106.4 107.8 106.0 109.3 104.1 69.7 Total: N o n d u r able g oods 103.1 102.1 94.7 99.2 99.7 102.7 113.7 116.6 123.2 107.3 99.7 93.5 101.6 102.9 103.9 106.6 109.4 110.5 96.3 97.9 96.3 95.8 95.8 109.4 111.3 113.6 114.3 116.7 117.2 114.2 116.1 M a n u f a c t u r i n g - D u r a b l e goods L u m b e r and O r d n a n c e and wood products accessories (e x c e p t furniture) 98.6 91.8 93.2 94.2 95.2 92.8 94.0 96.6 96.2 101.2 M a n u f a c t u r i n g - Dura b l e g oods - C o n t i n u e d S t o n e , clay, Fabricated Machinery P r i m a r y met a l and g l a s s me t a l (e x c e p t i n du s t r i e s products electrical) pr o d u c t s 100.7 102.6 102.0 101.7 Dec.... 1955: 109.1 74.8 77.3 73-5 75.8 Furniture and f i x t u r e s Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. loe.o 91.0 Manufac turing division 105.4 106.6 88.0 104.1 H5.7 104.6 U3.9 94.5 91.4 91.6 91.5 92.8 96.2 98.7 100.7 103.2 106.5 109.0 112.4 114.0 109.7 112.1 101.2 107.6 91.1 107.4 290.4 625.0 798.5 502.2 451.3 437.4 441.8 437.9 431.7 107.0 102.7 90.3 99-6 102.7 96.9 93-0 85.0 78.0 80.4 89.2 94.0 92.2 429.0 88.4 415.6 411.6 410.8 400.8 399.1 395.2 84.2 65.5 84.6 386.5 383.8 Electrical machinery 86.2 91.7 99.5 95.6 100.0 Transporta tion equipment 106.7 103.8 89.4 106.3 113.8 112.1 123.4 108.3 108.3 106.6 85.1 94.0 116.9 118.4 119.0 100.6 102.9 105.7 106.2 107.9 110.6 96.1 95.0 95.4 94.8 95.1 97.5 114.9 119.0 124.4 125.9 125.9 127.7 146.0 97.6 99.6 102.2 125.7 126.6 127.0 106.6 128.6 129.1 147.1 150.9 154.4 153.7 155.2 145.8 111.5 109.1 110.6 113.2 113.6 116.0 116.2 113.2 116.4 104.4 107.3 103.7 103.1 111.1 102.9 86.0 107.6 123.7 131.2 147.1 123.4 122.9 128.7 127.3 124.3 131.9 102.9 100.9 96.3 106.1 124.5 138.0 158.6 135.0 127.2 118.1 139.2 147.9 141.4 See footnotes at end of table. -3SL M .m H our tn d cxes Tabte C-5. indexes of aggregate weetdy man-howrs in industria) and constrvction activity ^ Continued Year 19^7: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Monthly data: 1954: July--Aug.... Sept.... Oct.... Nov.... 1955: 114.9 108.8 108.7 111.9 112.3 112.9 104.6 104.2 103.9 100.0 105.9 101.0 101.3 103.I 100.5 109.5 96.1 93.2 93.9 94.7 93.7 90.3 89.2 91.2 92.2 90.1 87.8 91.2 98.0 90.5 96.7 100.3 103.2 102.4 95.6 102.1 105.2 96.7 91.7 78.1 97.4 107.9 111.0 94.0 95.4 113.7 98.3 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June.... 112.2 112.9 93.9 97.4 99.3 97.7 99.4 101.1 82.3 114.2 113.1 110.4 115-5 85.4 81.4 81.6 85.1 90.4 72.0 76.9 79.7 July.... Aug.... 113-1 114.3 95.6 101.3 96.4 103.1 103.4 1947: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. 88.0 79.8 80.4 77.2 75-2 104.$ 105.7 89.9 100.1 96.0 90.7 89.8 78.7 73-2 78.9 79-5 80.9 82.4 83.2 81.4 83.0 83.0 80.2 99.6 101.6 98.8 103.0 101.9 104.5 106.9 99.0 92.1 101.4 101.1 100.3 101.8 103.6 81.7 102.4 107.6 109.5 100.1 100.5 102.9 79.6 33.3 98.1 108.0 8o.4 M a n u f a c t u r i n g - N o n d u r a b l e g oods - C o n t i n u e d P a p e r and allied products 102.6 102.3 93.1 105.4 109.9 103.9 111.6 109.2 P r i nting, p u b lishing, and a l l i e d indust r ies 101.4 100.5 98.0 99.5 101.6 10a. 7 105.4 Chemicals and all i e d products 103.3 102.6 94.1 97.2 105.5 104.7 108.1 104.4 103.5 108.0 109.9 111.1 111.4 111.7 110.7 103.0 103.5 105.6 105.4 105.4 107.0 100.2 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June.... 108.7 109.3 110.5 110.1 111.7 113.8 103.3 104.0 105.7 105.1 105.5 106.7 103.9 107.4 107.7 107.6 106.9 July.... Aug.... 113.5 116.1 106.0 106.6 105.7 106.2 Monthly data: 1954: July--Aug.... Sept.... Oct.... Nov.... 1955: 107.3 103.0 89.3 97.4 117.3 122.7 129.9 M a n u f a c t u r i n g -- N o n d u r a b l e goo d s T e x t i l e - m i l l A p p a r e l and o t h e r Tobacco finished textile D e c ..... Year an d month 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: < 1 947-49 - 100) M a n u f a c t u r i n g - D u r a b l e goods-Con. F o o d and kindred products 100.7 103-3 104.1 104.3 104.7 104.4 ^petroleaf and coal 99.0 102.7 98.3 97.3 102.1 98.2 Rubber pr o d u c t s L e a t h e r and leather products 109.8 102.0 88.1 105.8 100.8 108.5 101.9 93.4 97.8 100.9 95.7 111.6 97.0 92.1 96.9 96.5 89.9 98.6 84.7 90.6 96.9 88.3 86.8 90.6 97-5 96.7 94.0 93.8 108.4 86.0 92.2 102.3 104.3 108.5 91.2 90.3 92.7 93.7 95.7 96.1 108.3 108.6 109.1 110.9 114.0 116.4 97.0 112.0 113.1 96.8 93.1 93.3 94.0 98.6 98.4 90.9 89.6 95.5 94.8 98.9 j y A g g r e g a t e m a n - h o u r s are for the w e e k l y p a y p e r i o d e n d i n g n e a r e s t the 1 5 t h o f t h e m o n t h and do n ot r e p r e s e n t t o t a l s for the m onth. F o r m i n i n g and m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , d a t a r e f e r to p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d workers. For c o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n , the d a t a r e l a t e to c o n s t r u c t i o n w o rkers. 2/ I n c l u d e s o n l y the d i v i s i o n s shown. 4o State and Area Hours and hum ngs Tab!e C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas Average veekly earnings 1(MS . -195k .Tnly AtiB. Aug. State and area ALABAMA.................. Birmingham Mobile # 38.90 ARIZONA.................. Phoenix 82.21 81.20 80.39 78.20 ARKANSAS................. Little RockN. Little Rock 33.30 CALIFORNIA............... Fresno Loa Angelea Sacramento San BernardinoRiveraide-Ontario San Diego San Franciaco-Oakland SanJoae Stockton #60.92 Average veekly hours lp-sk July 40.8 39-6 39-6 39-7 40.4 *1.43 1.79 1.73 *1.37 $1.42 1.81 1.73 1.68 40.6 4o.l 42.4 41.6 2.01 2.01 1.98 1.93 I .98 199 41.8 41.2 40.9 1.28 1.28 1.26 48.28 40.9 4l.o 399 1.27 1.23 1.21 81.24 73 76 40.6 39.6 40.8 35-4 40.1 38.4 40.8 4o.4 2.10 2.12 2.01 38.2 36.4 4o.l 40.3 $ 36.23 71.86 67.87 398 41.5 4o.o 82.7a 83.95 40.9 4o.4 5274 51.33 31.94 5125 83.Ce 84.93 74.51 83.47 74.29 70.00 73.53 83.47 72.37 61.60 6930 80.01 81.19 69.47 80.98 80.37 83.48 71.43 88.13 76.89 79-90 71.98 COLORADO................. Denver 76.67 77.38 78.44 79-49 CONNECTICUT.............. Bridgeport Hartford Nev Britain Nev Haven Stamford Waterbury 76.48 78.38 77.30 70.98 8i.8o 73 53 76.26 81.29 79 34 7910 70.40 78.79 80.32 DELAWARE................. Wilmington 86.40 72.26 76.33 91.48 FLORIDA.................. Tampa-St. Petersburg 57-39 57-23 56.28 GEORGIA.................. Atlanta Savannah 33.87 68.28 70.90 IDAHO.................... 84.97 ILLINOIS................. Chicago 86.43 84.66 INDIANA.................. 80.39 83.78 88.05 78.89 86.39 Average hourly earnings io*sh. i Aii^. .Tnly 38.8 395 4o.4 40.3 40.4 41.3 37.7 40.5 39-6 37.4 40.2 40.7 39-8 40.1 43.9 390 73 03 72-32 4i.o 41.5 41.4 72.36 74.03 76.67 70.13 41.0 73.36 40.9 41.6 40.4 40.9 40.1 40.1 40.4 68.29 83.25 81.91 2.00 1.91 2.09 2.04 1.94 2.09 2.09 2.01 2.01 2.13 2.18 1.87 2.01 1.91 1-97 2.14 2.23 2.06 2.08 1.91 1.90 2.06 1.99 1.79 1.83 40.8 40.4 1.87 1.92 1.89 1.92 1.79 1.79 1.87 1.94 1.94 i.8y 1.77 2.04 1.86 41.0 42.3 40.0 392 42.5 40.2 39.8 41.0 39-4 40.4 40.8 40.2 1.80 1.86 1.87 39.1 40.0 399 41.3 40.7 40.1 1.83 2.16 56.16 56.17 40.7 399 40.6 40.2 41.0 40.4 34.41 71.72 72.50 49.00 40.5 40.3 41.7 42.9 81.81 76.76 42.7 81.10 75-69 78.80 82.07 81.98 IOWA..................... Des Moines 76.39 73.76 81.87 78.43 76.21 KANSAS................... Topeka Wichita 80.06 80.18 84.29 79 58 78.42 79 37 71.23 80.70 55.86 82.39 78.81 40.3 41.9 1.94 1.94 1.87 1.76 178 2.01 1.72 1.98 1.80 2.22 1.92 1.68 2.08 1.41 1.40 1.41 1.40 137 1.39 39-2 40.0 42.5 1.33 1.33 1.72 1.23 4o.7 40.4 1.99 2.01 1.90 41.3 41.3 40.7 4o.6 40.0 397 2.09 1.99 1.99 2.09 1.90 1.96 73.20 40.5 40.4 39-3 2.03 2.03 1.91 70.41 41.3 40.4 40.3 39-1 40.3 390 2.03 2.01 1.96 41.9 1.92 69.49 80.78 62.80 68.43 40.4 42.2 1.87 1.69 1.68 1.83 1.89 1.69 1.83 1.37 1.61 1.73 43.6 41.3 432 41.7 42.2 39-4 42.8 1.84 2.04 1.90 1.82 2.00 1.88 1.63 83.52 63.03 85.20 71-31 66.64 40.8 40.9 40.2 1.75 1.75 1.66 41.6 1.99 See footnotes at end of tat'le. 4i St j tc ,ind Area Hcuis and tannines Tabte C-& Hours and gross earning! of production workers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings Aug. L953 July 19T4 Average weekly hours -AH*. AlMT. 19*55 1934 Average hourly earnings . Aug. Aug. 1954 19*55 Aug. LOUISIANA................. Baton Rouge Nev Orleans *68.97 93.87 68.il *70.4? 97.34 41.8 41.5 4o.3 41.7 40.9 4o.8 4o.7 4o.4 $1.65 2.31 I .69 $1.69 69.08 #64.87 91.36 67-47 2.38 1.71 $1-39 2.23 1.67 MAINE..................... Portland 3?.29 64.00 57.67 64.21 61.36 33-82 40.3 41.8 40.2 42.1 399 40.9 1.43 1.33 1.44 1.33 1.40 1.30 MARYLAND.................. Baltimore 74.18 80.47 80.80 73-16 67.32 40.6 41.3 41.1 41.5 40.2 40.2 1.83 1.93 1.84 1.93 1.69 1.82 MASSACHUSETTS............. Boston Fall River Nev Bedford Springfield-Holyoke Worcester 68.91 7120 68.23 70.13 63 37 40.3 40.0 395 39-6 3538.7 4o.i 395 1.71 1.78 1.41 1.48 1.84 1.92 1.71 178 1.42 1.48 1.66 MICHIGAN.................. Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Lansing Muskegon Saginaw 93.43 40.3 4o.o 2.25 2.24 2.34 2.41 2.04 MINNESOTA ................ Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul 33-33 39.64 74.52 79-30 96.20 109.49 83.87 106.30 84.93 91.93 79-16 81.19 81.05 75-33 33.68 58.46 73 93 77-87 93 72 95.62 111.97 82.95 107.96 40.4 70.96 71.10 40.5 41.3 39.9 39.4 37-8 39.5 40.4 41.2 86.65 91.68 41.6 41.8 68.31 47.79 34.57 92.52 78.63 39.4 40.3 45.3 40.9 46.5 41.9 44.7 39-8 39.8 40.9 41.5 40.7 45.4 40.2 2.33 2.42 2.02 2.38 2.13 2.19 1.83 1.89 2.38 1.73 1.33 1.41 1.77 1.80 2.13 2.29 2.21 1.96 2.19 2.07 82.01 41.9 42.7 40.5 38.2 40.3 77.34 78.38 41.6 39-3 4 l.l 41.3 393 40.9 39-6 40.1 39-6 2.06 1.87 1.99 1.82 1.96 80.09 72.03 78.76 75-44 84.73 93.61 86.33 79.15 1.90 1.97 2.13 2.20 1.96 2.04 1.91 MISSISSIPPI............... Jackson 31.00 49 92 48.56 51.44 41.8 40.5 41.6 4o.8 41.5 40.5 1.22 1.36 1.20 1.33 1.17 1.27 MISSOURI ................ Kansas City St. Louis 72.07 70.93 67.32 73.19 72.48 40.3 40.9 (i/) 4o.o 4l.o 4o.i 39.4 4o.o 393 1.78 1.97 (1 /) 1.77 1-97 1.93 1.71 (l/) 81.28 78.20 MONTANA.................. 86.64 86.57 81.32 40.8 41.5 40.7 2.12 2.09 2.00 NEBRASKA................. Omaha (l/) (1 /) 71.59 74.07 66.70 69.96 (i/) 43.1 42.2 41.9 1.66 (I/) 41.3 (1 /) 1.76 1.39 NEVADA 2/................. 80.63 91.20 85.10 40.1 4o.o 39-4 2.26 2.28 2.16 NEW HAMPSHIRE............. Manchester 2/ 58.28 58.29 56.18 4o.6 38.9 40.2 38.0 38.6 40.4 1.46 1.43 1.43 1.42 1.44 1.41 NEW JERSEY................ Newark-Jersey City Paterson Perth Amboy Trenton 78.46 79-87 77.83 79-14 79.83 40.3 40.3 79-04 78.90 40.9 396 40.9 39-9 39 6 40.3 40.6 39-8 1.93 1.98 1.90 2.00 1.92 1.93 40.9 41.3 40.3 82.56 76.98 74.45 75.20 74.47 76.41 72.12 1.87 1.90 1.83 1.88 1.81 NEW MEXICO................ Albuquerque 80.99 79-80 75 95 3/79.46 " 75-71 40.7 399 3/41.6 40.4 4i.6 1.99 2.00 1.88 3/1-91 NEW YORK.................. 74.79 Albany-Schenectady-Troy 82.37 Binghamton 70.93 89.45 Buffalo Elmira 73-39 See footnotes at end of table. 74.87 80.57 69 71 71.22 39.3 4o.8 39-8 38.8 1.84 72.76 1.90 2.02 1.78 2.19 1.86 1.91 2.01 1.78 76.34 391 40.2 392 41.0 4o.6 4a 53.08 81.12 55.63 77.08 54.26 53 96 78.08 89.40 54.43 75.91 65.36 81.49 40.2 41.0 40.9 40.3 40.5 397 37.7 397 40.1 1.88 1.98 1.91 2.00 1.93 2.18 1.08 1.88 1.83 1.69 1.82 1.91 1.74 2.03 1.82 Shite j n d Ar\*j Houfs jnd [jrmngs Tab!# C-& Hours and gross earmngs of producWon workers !n manufacturing industr!es for se!ected States and areas - Cont!nued State and area NEW YORK - Continued Nassau and Suffolk Counties Nev York City Rochester Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County Average veekly earnings Average veekly hours 1954 1955 1235.. . 1354..... July Aug. Aug. July Aug. . Aug. Aversige hourly earnings 1955 1954 Aug. July Aug. $79.76 71.22 81.73 79-75 71.09 73-47 $81.55 71.47 81.25 79.26 73.34 76.04 $83.20 68.53 76.55 74.23 68.27 71.78 39.0 37-7 40.6 41.2 39-9 39.7 39.9 37.7 40.4 41.0 40.7 40.2 4 i.o 37.4 39-8 4 o .i 39.4 39.5 $2.05 51-33 55.08 50.54 50.82 54.68 49.26 48.38 4 o .i 40.8 39.7 38.7 39-7 38.o 1.28 1.35 NORTH DAKOTA............ Fargo 69.29 76.09 71.42 75.36 OHIO.................... Cincinnati Cleveland 87.06 80.20 90.4o 86.40 78.78 90.4i 74.76 79.94 OKLAHCMA................ Oklahoma City Tulsa 74.11 70.30 73-93 69 63 69.60 OREGON.................. Portland 91.53 (1/1 88.23 PENNSYLVANIA............ Allentovn-BethlehemEaston Erie Harrisburg Lancaster Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton Wilke s-Barre — Hazleton York NORTH CAROLINA.......... Charlotte Greensboro-High Point 40.5 51.61 49.02 38.0 70.21 43.2 43.0 45.7 44.3 45.9 4 i.i 4 i.i 41.6 4o.6 39.6 41.6 39.1 41.4 41.6 41.3 42.2 41.6 41.7 42.7 71.95 78.62 72.98 37.6 40.5 43.0 40.5 1.89 2.01 1.94 1.78 1.85 $2.04 1.90 2.01 1.93 $2.03 1.83 1.92 1.85 1.80 I .89 1.73 1.82 1.28 1.33 1.35 1.31 1.25 I .30 1.29 1.60 l-5 § 1.53 1.75 2.12 1.95 2.17 1.79 1.70 1.67 2.13 1.95 2.17 ' 1.99 1.85 2.04 1.75 1.63 1.97 1.79 1.65 1.95 1.69 77-90 41.9 80.43 85.39 76.99 40.9 (1/) 38.8 38.3 39-7 39.0 2.24 (1/) 2.27 2.10 2.15 1.97 76.63 76.54 69-46 39-5 39.4 38.2 1.94 1.94 1.82 70.76 79-53 71.48 37.8 41.4 39.3 41.4 40.3 4o.o 40.4 38.0 41.7 36.9 1.87 1.88 66.18 66.22 77-57 91.85 64.21 72.25 58.93 63.55 74.88 79.04 50.84 62.42 37.3 40.4 39.6 37.8 37.8 37-9 1.68 ( 1.62 ' 51.09 63.39 41.3 39-3 41.0 39.8 40.5 39-8 37.5 37.1 40.4 1.70 1.74 1.86 82.54 66.61 66.94 78.67 90.72 70.09 55.49 53.62 65.01 81.12 79.23 68.50 54.00 63.13 54.20 38.4 38.3 4 l.o 38.8 38.0 41.2 1.92 1.62 1.95 2.27 1.74 1.45 1.40 1.57 1.90 1.95 2.27 1.72 1.44 1.38 1.58 1.57 1.89 2.09 1.67 1.43 1.34 1.52 1.57 <* RHODE ISLAND............ Providence 60.35 62.00 61.33 59.85 60.25 39-2 4o.o 39.4 40.2 39-9 39-9 1.54 1.55 1.56 62.31 1.55 1.50 1.51 SOUTH CAROLINA.......... Charleston 52.35 57.40 52.37 56.30 49.39 53.20 40.9 4 i.o 40.6 40.5 39.2 39-7 1.28 1.40 1.29 1.26 1.39 1.34 SOUTH DAKOTA............ Sioux Falls 72.48 8o.4o 70.09 75.34 66.11 71.95 45.8 47.1 44.7 45.9 43.5 44.1 1.58 1.57 1.64 1.52 TENNESSEE.... .......... Chattanooga Knoxville Memphis Nashville 60.56 62.32 68.11 68.10 61.69 60.94 61.41 68.74 69.76 61.24 57.20 56.98 67-99 60.45 59.09 41.2 41.0 40.3 42.3 41.4 40.9 4o.o 39.3 39.3 1.47 1.49 1.43 1.45 1.73 TEXAS................... 75.42 76.38 72.21 41.9 UTAH.................... Salt Lake City 74.50 78.58 73-33 77.49 72.31 75-40 41.8 38.6 40.4 40.2 42.8 41.1 1.71 1.52 1.63 40.3 40.2 1.69 1.61 1.49 1.52 1.71 1.63 1 . 49! 42.2 41.5 1.80 1.81 1.74 38.8 39-3 41.2 1.93 1.88 1.89 1.89 1.84 41.0 1.50 1.47 1.83 See footnotes at end of tab le. 43 Stjte and Area Hours jnd Lamings Tabte C-& Hours and gross earning! of production workers in manufacturing industries for seiected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings 1 955 .1954 _Au*. Julv Aug. VERMONT.................. Burlington Springfield $64.05 VIRGINIA................. Norfolk-Portsmouth Richmond 58.58 62.88 WASHINGTON............... Seattle Spokane Tacoma 58.94 78.12 $64.06 57.34 79.55 $58.93 57.96 66.60 Average weekly hours 1954 ___ A'?55 Aug. July Aug. Average hourly earnings 1955 1954 Aug. July Aug. 43.2 42.2 39-6 44.1 40.6 39.7 $1.51 1.44 38.9 1.81 $1.52 1.45 $1.45 1.46 1.71 1.45 1.46 1.60 1.56 1.60 1.58 1.42 1.52 1.51 38.2 39.6 2.18 2.07 2.18 2.15 2.07 1.99 42.4 41.0 1.81 67.84 66.04 60.93 61.31 56.94 4o.4 39.3 4o.6 41.1 42.4 41.8 4o.i 4o.i 4o.6 84.83 81.94 87.04 76.75 84.73 82.53 81.47 38.9 393 89.49 84.03 81.74 80.96 390 38.5 40.2 36.7 41.0 391 40.6 2.17 2.13 2.16 2.09 WEST VIRGINIA............ Charleston 75.45 93.32 75.85 95.06 70.05 86.72 395 4o.4 38.5 40.8 38.7 39-6 1.91 2.31 1.97 2.33 2.19 WISCONSIN................ Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine 78.14 77.85 79-48 1.89 2.11 78.83 42.8 39.6 4o.4 40.7 76.61 1.86 2.06 1.81 2.00 86.69 82.26 82.29 73.81 79 26 73-42 77 32 41.4 81.67 87.77 80.12 2.10 2.12 2.03 2.05 2.13 2.02 WYOMING.................. Casper 83.83 101.18 84.67 2.02 2.05 63.34 84.64 60.01 103.49 77.04 36.9 39.4 38.8 81.63 40.2 79-43 4o.4 40-9 40.6 83.6^ 96.29 41.3 40.8 41.3 41.2 39.7 41.9 l/ Not available. 2/ Revised series; not strictly comparable vith previously published data. 3/ Not comparable vith current data shovn. 44 39-7 40.1 4o.i 40.0 40.4 40.2 40.8 1.94 2.48 2.13 1.95 2.47 2.02 1.81 1.83 1.93 2.04 1.96 2.08 2.36 Exp!anatory Notes !NTRODUCT)ON The statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, com prehensive, accurate, and detailed information for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators, labor unions, research workers, and the general public. The statistics are an integral part of the Federal statistical system, and are considered basic indica tors of the state of the Nation's economy. They are widely used in following and interpreting business developments and in making decisions in such fields as labor-management negotiations, marketing, personnel, plant location, and government policy. In addition, Government agencies use the data in this report to com pile official indexes of production, labor productivity, and national income. ESTABUSHMENT REPORTS: a. duct. Information for nonmanufacturing establish ments is collected on the 790 form itself. In the case of an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the unit is included under the industry indicated by the most important product or activity. The titles and descriptions of industries presented in the Standard Industrial CjMHlfln*! (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying reports from manufacturing and government establishments; the 19A2 Industrial Classification Code. (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from all other establishments. c. Coverage Monthly reports on employment and, for most indus tries, payroll and man-hours are obtained from approx imately 155,000 establishments. (See table below.) The table also shows the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. Collection Approximate size and coverage of BLS The employment statistics program, which is based employment and payrotts sampte 1/ on establishment payroll reports, provides current data for both full- and part-time workers on payrolls of nonagricultural establishments (see glossary for defi Number of Employees Division nition, p. 7-E) during a specified period each month.The or BLS uses two "shuttle" schedules for this program, the ments in Number in Percent industry BLS Form 790 (for employment, payroll, and man-hours sample sample of total data) and the BLS Form 1219 (for labor turnover data). 50 3,300 400,000 The shuttle schedule, used by BLS for more than 25 28 19,700 783,000 years, is designed to assist firms to report consist Contract construction.. 44,100 10 ,602,000 ently, accurately, and with a minimum of cost. The 65 questionnaire provides space for the establishment to Transportation and report for each month of the current calendar year; in public utilities: this way, the employer uses the same schedule for the Interstate railroads. 1,037,000 95 entire year. Other transportation 1 ,430,000 13,600 51 and public utilities. Under a cooperative arrangement with the BLS, State agencies mail the BLS 790 Forms to the establishments Wholesale and retail 1 ,760,000 60,300 17 and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and Finance, insurance, and completeness. The States use the information to prepare 517,000 10,600 25 State and area series and then send the data to the BLS Service and Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use miscellaneous: in preparing the national series. Hotels and lodging 1,300 345,000 31 The BLS 1219 schedules are mailed by BLS to the es Personal services: tablishments which return them directly to the BLS Wash Laundries and clean ington office for use in preparing turnover rates on a ing and dyeing national basis. 99,000 2,300 23 Government: b. Industrial Classification Federal (Civil Service — 2,139,000 100 Commission)......... Establishments are classified into industries on the 3 ,223,000 A ,100 69 basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. This informa ]L/ Some firms do not report payroll and man-hour tion is collected each year. For manufacturing estab information. Therefore, hours and earnings estimates lishments, a product supplement to the monthly 790 may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employ report is used. The supplement provides for reporting ment estimates. the percentage of total sales represented by each pro 1-E Labor turnover reports are received from approx imately 10,000 cooperating establishments in the manu facturing, mining, and communication industries (see table below). The definition of manufacturing used in the turnover series is not as extensive as in the BLS series on employment and hours and earnings because of the exclusion of the following major industries from the labor turnover sample: printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 1943); canning and pre serving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods; women's and misses' outerwear; and fertilizer. Approximate size and coverage of B L S !abor turnover samp!e Number of Group and industry Manufacturing........ Durable goods...... Nondurable goods.... Coal mining: Anthracite......... Bituminous......... Communication: Telephone.......... Telegraph.......... l/ Does not apply. manta in sample 9,800 6,200 3,600 130 25 200 (1 /) Employees Number in Percent sample of total 5 ,400,000 3,300,000 1 ,600,000 44,000 33 42 32 47 9,000 21 600,000 87 75,000 26,000 36 66 DEFtNmONS AND ESHMAHNG METHODS: A. EMPLOYMENT Definition Employment data for all except Federal Government establishments refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. For Federal Government establishments current data generally refer to persons who worked on, or received pay for, the last day of the month. Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave, paid holiday, or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the specified pay period and are un employed or on strike during the other part of the period are counted as employed. Persons are not con sidered employed who are laid off or are on leave with out pay, who are on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in house holds are also excluded. Government employment covers only civilian employees; Federal military personnel are shown separately, but their number is excluded from total nonagri cultural employment. With respect to employment in educational institu tions (private and governmental), BLS considers regular full-time teachers to be employed during the summer vacation period whether or not they are specifically paid in those months. Benchmark Data Employment estimates are periodically compared with complete counts of employment in the various nonagri2-E cultural industries, and appropriate adjustments made as indicated by the total counts or benchmarks. The comparison made for the first 3 months of 195b re sulted in changes amounting to less than 0.2 percent of all nonagricultural employment. Among the indus try divisions changes ranged from 0.2 percent for finance, insurance,and real estate to 3.1 percent in contract construction. Manufacturing industries as a whole were changed by 0.3 percent. Within manufac turing, 57 of the 132 individual industries required no adjustment because the estimate and benchmark dif fered by less than 1.0 percent or less than 500 and 59 vere adjusted by 1.0 - 5.0 percent. The most sig nificant cause of differences between the benchmark and estimate for these individual industries was the change in industrial classification of individual firms which cannot be reflected in BLS estimates until they are adjusted to new benchmarks. During 1953 more than 250,000 employees were in establishments whose industry classification changed. Other causes of dif ferences were sampling and response errors. The basic sources of benchmark information are the quarterly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establish ments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unem ployment insurance laws because of their small size. Benchmarks for industries wholly or partly excluded from the unemployment insurance laws are derived from a variety of other sources. The BLS estimates which are prepared for the benchmark quarter are compared with the new benchmark levels, industry by industry. Where revisions are necessary, the monthly estimates are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one. Following revision for these intermediate periods, the industry data from the most recent benchmark are projected to the current month by use of the sample trends. Under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment while the sample is used to measure the month-to-nonth changes in the level. The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both "all employees" and "production and re lated workers" are published (manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; the first step under this method is also used for indus tries for which only figures on "all employees" are published. The first step is to conipute total enployment (all employees) in the industry for the month following the benchmark period. The all-employee total for the last benchmark month (e.g., March) is multiplied by the percent change of total employment over the month for the group of establishments reporting for both Majrch and April. Thus, if firms in the BLS sample for an industry report 30,000 employees in ^Lrch and 31,200 in April, April e&ploymsnt is 104 percent (31,200 divided by 30,000) of March employment. If the all employee benchmark in Mtrch is 40,000, the all-employee total in April would be 104 percent of 40,000 or 41 , 600. The second step is to compute the productionworker total for the industry. The all-employee total for the month is multiplied by the ratio of production workers to all employees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports in the monthly sample. Thus, if these firms in April report 24,960 production workers and a total of 31,200 employees, the ratio of produc tion workers to all employees would be .80 (24,960 divided by 31,200). The production-worker total in April would be 33,280 (41,600 multiplied by .30). Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward the totals for the previous month ac cording to the method described above. The number of women employees in manufacturing, published quarterly, is computed by multiplying the all-employee estimate for the industry by the ratio of women to all employees as reported in the industry sample. Employment Adjusted for Seasonal Variation Employment series for many industries reflect a regularly recurring seasonal movement which can be measured on the basis of past experience. By elimi nating that part of the change in employment which can be ascribed to^usual seasonal variation, it is pos sible to clarify the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. Adjusted employment aggre gates are shown and also indexes (1947^49 =* 100) de rived from these aggregates. The indexes have the additional advantage of comparing the current sea sonally adjusted employment level with average employ ment in the base period. Comparability with Other Employment Estimates Employment data published by other government and private agencies may differ from BLS employment sta tistics because of differences in definition, souroes of information, methods of collection, classification, and estimation. BLS monthly figures are not directly comparable, for example, with the estimates of the Census Monthly Report on the Labor Force (MtLF). Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of a small sample of households and are designed to provide information on the work status of the whole population, classified by their demographic characteristics. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains data by mail questionnaire which are based on the payroll records of business units, and prepares detailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of employment and on hours of work and earnings. Since BLS employment figures are based on estab lishment payroll records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period will be counted more than once in the BLS series. By definition, proprietors, self-employed persons, domes tic servants, and unpaid family workers are excluded from the BLS but not the M & F series. Employment estimates derived by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses and/or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for lack of comparability are differences in indus tries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classifi cation of establishments. Similar differences exist between the BLS data and those in Countv Business Patterns published jointly by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. B. LABOR TURNOVER Definition "Labor turnover," as used in the BLS program, re fers to the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employment status with respect to in dividual firms during a calendar month. This movement is subdivided into two broad types: accessions (new hires and rehires) and separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. All em ployees, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers are cov ered by both the turnover movements and the employment base used in computing labor turnover rates. All groups of employees— full- and part-time, permanent, and temporary— are included. Transfers Arom one es tablishment to another within a company are not con sidered to be turnover items. Method of Computation To compute turnover rates for individual indus tries, the total number of each type of action (ac cessions, quits, etc.) reported for a calendar month by the sample establishments in each industry is first divided by the total number of employees reported by these establishments, who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of that month. The result is multiplied by 100 to obtain the turnover rate. For example, in an industry sample, the total number of employees who worked during, or received pay for, the week of January 12-1$ was reported as 25,496. During the period January 1-31 a total of 284 employees in all reporting firms quit. The quit rate for the industry is: 264 x 100 = 1.1 25,493 To compute turnover rates for broader industrial categories, the rates for the component industries are weighted by the estimated employment. Separate turnover rates for men and women are pub lished quarterly for 1 month in each quarter. Only accessions, quits, and total separations are publish ed. These rates are computed in the same manner as the all-employee rates; for example, the quit rate for women is obtained from an industry sample by dividing the number of women who quit during the month by the number of women employees reported. Average monthly turnover rates for the year for all employees are computed by dividing the sum of the monthly rates by 12. Comparability with Earlier Data Labor turnover rates are available on a compara ble basis from January 1930 for manufacturing as a whole and from 1943 for two coal mining and two com munication industries. Rates for many individual in dustries and industry groups for the period prior to January 1950 are not comparable with those for the subsequent period because of a revision which in volved (1) the adoption of the Standard Industrial Classification (1945) code structure for manufactur ing industries, and (2) the introduction of weighting 3-E in the computation of industry-group rates. Comparability vith Employment Series Month-to-month changes in total employment in man ufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable vith the changes shewn in the Bureau's employment series for the folloving reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar-month; the em ployment reports, for the most part, refer to a 1-week pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. (2) The turnover sample excludes certain in dustries (see under coverage, p. 2-E). (3 ) Plants on strike are not included in the turnover computations beginning vith the month the strike starts through the month the vorkers return; the influence of such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. C. HOURS AND EARNINGS Definitions of production vorkers, nonsupervisory employees, payrolls, and man-hours from which hours and earnings data are derived are Included in the glossary, page 7 - E . Methods used to compute hours and earnings averages are described in summary of methods for computing national statistics, page 6-E. Gross Average Hourly and Meekly Earnings Average hourly earnings for manufacturing and non manufacturing industries are on a "gross" basis, i.e., they reflect not only changes in basic hourly and in centive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift vork, and changes in output of vorkers paid on an incentive basis. Employment shifts between relatively high-paid and low-paid vork and changes in vorkers* earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from vage rates. Earnings refer to the actual return to the vorker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipu lated for a given unit of vork or time. Hovever, the average earnings series does not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer, since the folloving are excluded: irregular bonuses, ret roactive items, payments of various velfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the productionvorker or nonsupervisory-employee definitions. Gross average weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of the vorkveek, parttime vork, stoppages for varying causes, labor turn over, and absenteeism. Average Meekly Hours The vorkveek information relates to average hours vorked or paid for, and is somevhat different fl*om standard or scheduled hours. Normally, such factors 4**E as absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time vork, and stoppages cause average veekly hours to be lover than scheduled hours of vork for an establishments. Group averages further reflect changes in the vorkveek of component industries. Gross Aver*** 19A7-A9 Dollars Eamines in Current and These series indicate changes in the level of veekly earnings before and after adjustment for changes in purchasing power as determined from the BLS Consumer Price Index. Net Spendable Average Weekly Earnings Net spendable average veekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting Federal social se curity and income taxes Arom gross veekly earnings. The amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by the vorker, as veil as on the level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, net spendable earnings have been computed for tvo types of income receivers: (1 ) a vorker vith no dependents; and (2) a vorker vith thfee depend ents. The computations of net spendable earnings for both the factory vorker vith no dependents and the factory vorker vith three dependents are based upon the gross average veekly earnings for all production vorkers in manufacturing industries without regard to marital status, family composition, and total family income. Met spendable weekly earnings in 1947-49 dollars represent an approximate measure of changes in "real" net spendable veekly earnings. "Real" earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into the spendable earnings average for the current month. The resulting level of spendable earnings ex pressed in 1947-49 dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since that base period. Average Hourly Earnings. Excluding Overtime, of Production Workers in i&nufacturing Industries These data are based on the application of adjust ment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as de scribed in the Monthly Labor Review. Mhy 1950, pp. 537540; reprint available, Serial No. R. 2020). This method eliminates only the earnings due to overtime paid for at one and one-half times the straight-time rates after 40 hours a veek. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premium-payment provisions— for example, holiday vork, late-shift vork, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours The indexes of aggregate veekly man-hours are pre pared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the monthly average for the 1947-49 period. These aggre gates represent the product of average veekly hours and employment. The aggregate man-hours are defined as total manhours for vhich pay vas received by full- and parttime production or construction vorkers, includirg hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. The man-hours are for 1 veek of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, and may not be typical of the entire month. other industry information shown in this Railroad Hours and Earnings STAHSTKS FOR STATES AND AREAS The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based upon month ly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Inter state Commerce Commission and relate to all employees who received pay during the month, except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC Croup I). Gross average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by Average hourly earnings. Because hours and earnings data for manufacturing and other nonmanufacturing industries are based upon reports to the BLS which generally represent 1 weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, the data for railroad employees are not strictly comparable with State and area employment, hours, and earnings statistics are collected and prepared by State sgencies in cooperation with the BLS. These sta tistics are based on the same establishment reports used by the BLS for preparing national estimates. State employment series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance agencies and the Bureau of CQ.d Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the official U. S. totals prepared by the BLS. NOTE: publication. Additional industry detail may be obtainable from the cooperating State agencies listed on the inside back cover of this report. Additional information concerning the prepa ration of the employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover series-- concepts and scope, survey methods, and reliability and limitations— is contained in techni cal notes for each of these series. (See page 9-E.) For all of this information as well as similar material for other BLS statistics, see Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168, December 1954. 2=E SUMMARY OF METHODS FOR COMPUUNG NAHONAL STAHSTKS EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARNtNGS Item Individual manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries Total nonagricultural divisions, major groups, and groups MONTHLY DATA All emolovees All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month for sample establishments which re ported for both months. Sum of all-employee estimates for component industries. Production workers All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by ratio of pro duction workers to all employees in sample establishments for cur rent month. Sum of production-worker estimates for component industries. Average weekly hours Total production or nonsupervisory man-hours divided by number of pro duction or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by enployment, of the average weekly hours for com ponent industries. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the average hourly earn ings for component industries. Average weeklv earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average veekly hours and average hourly earnings. ANNUAL AVERAGE DATA A ll amnlovaes and pro duction workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate manhours (enployment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Average, weighted by enployment, of the annual averages of weekly hours for component industries. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate pay rolls (weekly earnings multiplied by employment) divided by annual aggregate man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the annual averages of hourly earnings for component in dustries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. GLOSSARY ALL EMPLOYEES - The total number of persons on estab lishment payrolls who worked full- or part-time or received pay for any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Includes salaried officers of corporations as veil as employees on the establishment payroll engaged in nev construc tion and major additions or alterations to the plant vho are utilized as a separate work force (forceaccount construction vorkers). Proprietors, selfemployed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family vorkers, and members of the Armed Forces are ex cluded. CONSTRUCTION WORKERS - Includes working foremen, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, labor ers, and similar vorkers engaged in nev vork, al terations, demolition, and other actual construc tion vork, at the site of construction or vorking in shop or yard at jobs (such as precutting and pre assembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades; includes all such vorkers re gardless of skill, engaged in any way in contract construction activities. CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a contract basis for others. Force-account construction vorkers, i.e., hired directly by and on the payroll of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments. DURABLE GOODS - The durable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and vood products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass pro ducts; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical machinery; trans portation equipment; instruments and related pro ducts; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries as defined. This definition is consistent vith that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. speculative builders, subdividers, and developers; and agents and brokers). GOVERNMENT - Covers Federal, State, and local govern ment establishments performing legislative, execu tive, and judicial functions, including Government corporations, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy yards, and hospi tals. Federal government employment excludes em ployees of the Central Intelligence Agency. State and local government employment includes teachers, but excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small local units. LABOR TURNOVER: Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: quits, discharges, layoffs, and miscellaneous separations (including military), as defined below. Quits are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by employees for such reasons as: acceptance of a job in another company, dissatisfaction, return to school, marriage, mater nity, ill health, or voluntary retirement where no company pension is provided. Failure to report aft er being hired and unauthorized absences of more than 7 consecutive calendar days are also clas sified as quits. Prior to 1940, miscellaneous separations were also included in this category. m ,aoharces are terminations of employment during the calendar month inititated by the employer for such reasons as employees' incompetence, violation of rules, dishonesty, insubordination, laziness, habitual absenteeism, or inability to meet physical standards. Layoffs are terminations of employment during the calendar month lasting or expected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days without pay, initi ated by the employer without prejudice to the work er, for such reasons as lack of orders or materials, release of temporary help, conversion of plant, in troduction of labor-saving machinery or processes, or suspensions of operations without pay during inventory periods. ESTABLISHMENT - "A single physical location where busi ness is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed; for example, a factory, mill, store, mine, or farm. Where a single physical location comprises two or more units which maintain separate payroll and inventory records and which are engaged in distinct or separate activities for which different industry classifications are provided in the Standard Industrial Classification, each unit shall be treated as a separate establishment. An establishment is not necessarily identical with the business concern or firm which may consist of one or more establishments. It is also to be distin guished Arom organizational subunits, departments, or divisions within an establishment." (Standard Industrial Classification Manual, U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Vol. I, Part I, p. 1, November 1945.) Persons on leave of absence (paid or unpaid) with the approval of the employer are not counted as separations until such time as it is definitely de termined that such persons will not return to work. At that time, a separation is reported as one of the above types, depending on the circumstances. FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE - Covers private establishments operating in the fields of finance (banks, security dealers, loan agencies, holding com panies, and other finance agencies); insurance (in surance carriers and independent agents and bro kers); and real estate (real estate owners, including Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll during the ^*1 month, including both new and rehired employees. Persons returning to work after a layoff, military separations, or other absences who have been counted as separations are considered accessions. Macallanaoua separations (including military) are terminations of employment during the calendar month because of permanent disability, death, re tirement on company pension, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than 30 consecu tive calendar days. Prior to 19^0, miscellaneous separations were Included with quits. Beginning September 1940, military separations were included here. as MA.N-HOURS - Covers man-hours worked or paid for of specified groups of workers, during the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of workers in manufacturing and mining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is nonsupervisory em ployees. The man-hours include hours paid for holi days, sick leave, and vacations taken; if the em ployee elects to work during a vacation period, the vacation pay and the hours it represents are omitted. MANUFACTURING - Covers private establishments engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation of in organic or organic substances into new products and usually described as plants, factories, or mills, which characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. Establishments engaged in assembling component parts of manufac tured products are also considered manufacturing if the new product is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. Government manufacturing opera tions such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and are included under Government. MINING - Covers establishments engaged in the extrac tion from the earth of Organic and inorganic miner als which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; includes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidiz ing of oil wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration. NONDURABLE GOODS - The nondurable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manu factures; textile-mill products; apparel and other finished textile nroducts; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemi cals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather pro ducts. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES - Includes employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, attendants, service employees, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occupational levels, and other employees whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. PAYROLL - The weekly* payroll (except for State and local governments) for the specified groups of fulland part-time employees who worked during, or re ceived pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of employees in the manufacturing and mining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is nonsupervisory employ ees. The payroll is reported before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, and union dues; also in cludes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period re ported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, un less earned and paid regularly each pay period. The same definition applies to payrolls for State and local governments except that in this case the payrolls are for the entire month and cover all employees, including nominals who are excluded from employment. Furthermore, these payrolls do not re flect the adjustment BLS makes in the State and local government employment estimate for the summer months to include the number of regular full-time teachers on vacation but who are not specifically paid in those months. PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS - Includes working fore men and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant)., and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the above production opera tions. REGIONS: North - Includes all States except the 17 listed as South. South - Includes the following 17 States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, dryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. (In the case of sawmills and planning mills, general, a third region is identified - the West - and in cludes California, Oregon, and Washington.) SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS - Covers establishments pri marily engaged in rendering services to individuals and business firms, including automotive repair services. Excludes domestic service workers. Non government schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are included under service and miscellaneous; similar Government establishments are included under Govern ment. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES - Covers only pri vate establishments engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, telegraph, and other communication services or pro viding electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE - Covers establishments en gaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling merchandise to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling merchandise for personal or household consumption, and rendering service incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. EMPLOYMENT AND EARN!N6S DATA Avai!ab!e from BLS free of charge # H!STOR!CAL SUMMARY TABLES for every industry or special series contained in sections A and C W h e n ordering, please specify which industry or special series are wanted - see table for n a m e of industry Similar tables for those industries in section B will be availa^ ble in late 1955 # STATE EMPLOYMENT 1939-1953 - S u m m a r y tables for each State, by industry division * GU!DE TO EMPLOYMENT STAHSTKS OF BLS - Shows the beginning date of all series published and gives each industry definition * TECHN!CAL NOTES on: M e a s u r e m e n t of Labor Turnover M e a s u r e m e n t of Industrial E m p l o y m e n t Hours and Earnings in Nonagricultural Establishments The Calculation and Uses of Net Spendable Earnings Series U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of M a n p o w e r and E m p l o y m e n t Statistics Washington 25, D. C. 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