Full text of Employment and Earnings : March 1955
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Employment and Earnings MARCH 1955 Vo!. 1 No. 9 CONTENTS Page EMPLOYMENT TRENDS............................................ CHANGE IN NET SPENDABLE EARNINGS FORMULA FCR 1955 Beginning with data for Jan uary 1955 * the net spendable earnings series (table C-3, page 37) are com puted to reflect the change in the So cial Security tax iii Table 1: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and group....................... v Table 2: Production workers in manufacturing, by major vi industry group.................................. Table 3: Hours and gross earning s of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............. vii Table 4: Index of employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division............................. viii Table 5: Index of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............................. viii Table 6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division, seasonally adjusted............. ix Table 7: Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, seasonally adjusted............... ix law which increased NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data appear in italics. the maximum annual earnings subject to tax from $3,600 to $4200. The trend of CURRENT STAT!ST<CS these series from 1939 to date, factory worker with 3 for a dependents, is shown in a chart on page 28. ANNUAL AVERAGE LABOR TURNOVER RATES Annual average labor turnover rates for manufacturing will regularly in table B-l ginning with this issue. appear (page 23) beThese aver ages are the sum of the monthly rates for the year divided by 12. Table A-l: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division.............................. Table A-2: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and group..................... Table A-3: All employees and production workers in mining and Manufacturing industries........................ Table A-4: Production workers and indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payrolls in manufacturing.... Table A-5: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region........................................ Table A-6: Federal personnel, civilian and military.......... Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State..................... Table A-8: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division............. 1 2 A 9 10 11 12 15 Similar averages of individual industries will be published in the Annual Supplement Issue of this report for May 1955. A.-EMPLOYMENT B.-LABOR TURNOVER Table B-l: Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by class of turnover.............................. Table B-2: Monthly labor turnover rates in selected groups and industries................................. Continued next page 23 24 Empioyment and Earnings CONTENTS - C ontinued Page C.-HOURS AND EARNINGS Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees....................... Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947^49 dollars...................................... Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dollars........................... Table C-4: Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding over time, of production workers in manufacturing.... Table C-5: Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity........ ............. Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing for selected States and areas..... 29 37 37 38 39 41 NOTE: Data for January 1955 are preliminary. CHARTS Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by major industry division, 1939 - January 1955............................... Gross and net spendable weekly earnings compared with "real" net spendable earnings expressed in 1947-49 dollars.............. x 28 EXPLAN ATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION............................................... 1-E SECTION A - Employment................................... 1-E B - Labor Turnover................................ 4-E C - Hours and Earnings............................ 4-E D-Glossary..................................... 7-E LIST CF COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES................ Inside back cover ************ **************** Seymour L. Wolfbein DIVISION CF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25 D. C. Subscription Alice: $3 a year; $1 additional for for eign mailing. Single copies vary in price. This issue:30 cents. Emptoyment Trends RISE IN FACTORY JOBS BRIGHTENS EM PLO YM ENT PICTURE N onfarm em ploym ent, at 47. 8 m illion in F eb ruary 1955, was unchanged ov er the month, con trasting with em ploym ent d eclin es o ccu rrin g b e tween January and F ebru ary in m ost postw ar y e a rs, the Bureau of Labor S tatistics announced today. A sharp in crea se in fa c to r y em ploym ent o ffse t a declin e in con stru ction and seasonal cut backs in retail sto re s . M etal and m etal products industries led the gain in m anufacturing. The fa c to r y w orkw eek of 40. 5 hours was up th reetenths of an hour fr o m the sea son ally low January le v e l and as a consequ ence the g r o s s w eekly pay o f fa cto ry production w ork ers r o s e alm ost a dolla r to $74. 93 in F ebru ary, an a ll-tim e high. FAC TO R Y EM PLOYM ENT ROSE SHARPLY F a cto ry em ploym ent, at 16. 1 m illion , was 117,000 higher than a month e a r lie r - - a g re a te r than-usual January to F ebru ary r is e . M ost of the in crea se o c c u r r e d in the m etal and m etal products in du stries. The m ach in ery in dustry group rep orted the la rg e s t g a in --2 8 , 0 0 0 -e sp e cia lly notew orthy beca u se it m arks the fir s t tim e in the past 2 y ea rs that em ploym ent in this industry group has m oved upward, except fo r m inor seasonal gains. The next la rg e s t g a in -23, 0 0 0 --w a s in p rim a ry m eta ls, w here em p loy m e n t--m o s tly in the iron and steel in d u stry --h a s now in crea sed fo r 5 con secu tiv e m onths. The la rg e gain of 20, 000 in tran sportation equipm ent re fle cte d continued em ploym ent expansion in auto m ob ile plants, as w ell as sm all r is e s in shipbuild ing and ra ilroa d equipm ent m anufacturing. G rea terth an -season al gains w ere a lso reported in e le c t r i ca l m ach in ery, fa b rica ted m eta ls, fu rn itu re, and in the stone, clay,and g la ss industry. The only in du stries in the du rable-goods se c to r which show ed em ploym ent d eclin es w ere ordnance and lu m b er. In nondurable-goods manufacturing plants o v e r the-m onth em ploym ent changes w e re , fo r the m ost p a rt, in lin e with season al expectations. E m ploy m ent in leather r o s e m ore than usual, continuing the em ploym ent uptrend o f recen t m onths, w hile the r is e in apparel em ploym ent was below average fo r the month. NONMANUFACTURING TO TA L LOWERED BY CONSTRUCTION AND R E T A IL TRADE Em ploym ent changes in m ost nonm anufacturing in du stries con form ed to the season al pattern. Trade establishm ents reduced their staffs by 86, 000, continuing the em ploym ent cutback fr o m the C h rist m as peak. The n orm al m id -w in ter building slow down was h eavier than usual due to bad F ebru ary w eather. A s a resu lt, the em ploym ent lo s s in c o n tra ct con stru ction was 89, 000, one o f the la rg e st J a n u a ry -to-F eb ru a ry em ploym ent d e clin es of r e cent y e a rs. FEBRUARY 1955 NONFARM JOB TO TAL EQUALED LAST Y E A R 'S L E V E L The num ber o f w ork ers on nonfarm p a y r o lls -47. 8 m illion this F e b r n a r y --w a s about the same as in 1954 le v e ls (when em ploym ent was still d eclin ing). This is the fir s t tim e sin ce January 1954 that nonfarm em ploym ent was up to le v e ls of a y ear e a r lie r . Em ploym ent in finance and in s e r v ic e was at peak le v e ls fo r the month, continuing the alm ost uninterrupted upward em ploym ent trend o f the past 2 y ea rs. State and lo c a l governm ents have co n tinued to add w o rk e r s, w hile F ed era l r o lls have been reduced. Trade em ploym ent has been setting r e c o r d em ploym ent le v e ls fo r each month since D ecem b er. On the other hand, m anufacturing and c lo s e ly a llied a ctiv ities have not en tirely r e c o v e r e d fr o m the em ploym ent downturn of late 1953 and ea rly 1954. Em ploym ent in m in in g --7 1 1 ,0 0 0 --w a s the low est fo r the month in the postw ar p e rio d except fo r 1950 when there was a strike in bitum inous co a l m in es. T ran sportation and public u tilities em ploym ent, at 3. 9 m illion , was down a lm ost to 1946 le v e ls , with m ost o f the lo s s in tran sp orta tion a ctiv ities. E m ploym ent in m anufacturing plants was down 240, 000 over the y ea r, with about 90 p ercen t o f this em ploym ent lo s s in durable goods in d u stries. F ou rteen of the 21 m anufacturing industry groups rep orted som e o v e r -th e -y e a r lo s s . C om pared with F ebru ary 1953, h ow ever, all in du stries show ed som e lo s s , except paper and printing. FA C TO R Y WORKWEEK UP SIGNIFI CAN TLY IN FEBRUARY A vera ge w eekly hours in the N ation's manu facturing plants r o s e th ree-ten th s o f an hour, to 40. 5 in F ebru ary. In m ost postw ar y ea rs hours o f w ork have d eclin ed slightly or shown little change betw een January and F ebru ary. The w ork w eek in p rim a ry m etals, m a ch in ery, e le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, tran sportation equipm ent,and printing in crea sed ov er the month, although hours of w ork in these in du stries g en era lly declin e at this tim e o f y ea r. In furniture and tex tiles average w eekly hours r o se m o re aharply than usual. A m o re -th a n - iii usual declin e in rubber represen ted a reduction fr o m the usually high le v e ls of recen t m onths. In all other industry grou ps, o v er-th e-m on th changes w ere in line with the m id-w in ter pattern. C om pared with year-ago le v e ls , the fa c to r y w orkw eek was up sharply with 16 out of the 21 m ajor industry grou ps showing som e in cr e a s e . The la rg est g a in - - 2. 3 h o u r s--w a s in p rim a ry m etals, with gains of 2. 1 hours reported in tran sportation equip m ent and tex tiles. Gains of better than an hour w ere a lso rep orted in ru bber, fu rn itu re, lu m ber, and to b a c c o . On the other hand, average w eekly hours w ere below y e a r -a g o le v e ls in m a ch in ery, in stru m ents and food . LONGER WORKWEEK AND 1-CENT RISE IN HOURLY PA Y BOOST W EEKLY PAY 96*CENTS G ross average w eekly earnings of fa c to r y p r o duction w ork ers r o s e 96 cents ov er the month to 32 $74. 93 in F ebru ary as a resu lt of the lon ger w ork w eek and a 1-cent r is e in average hourly pay (includ ing ov ertim e and other prem iu m pay). The la rg e st gain in w eekly p a y- - $2. 5 7 --w as rep orted in fu rn i ture. Other gains o f m ore than a dollar in average w eekly earnings w ere rep orted in p rim a ry m etals, lu m b er, and ordnance, m ach in ery, transportation equipm ent, and ch e m ica ls. A six-tenths o f an hour reduction in the w orkw eek and a 2-cent lo s s in a v e r age hourly pay brought w eekly earnings in rubber down by $2. 04. O ver the y ea r, average w eekly pay o f fa ctory w ork ers was up $3. 65, with all 21 manufacturing groups reportin g som e in crea se. The la rg e st g a in s -m ore than $8. 0 0 --o c c u r r e d in p rim a ry m etals and tran sportation equipm ent, with the rubber industry showing an in crea se of $6. 74. Tabte 1. E m ptoyees in n onagricuttu rat estabtishm ents, b y industry division an d setected g rou p s Year Current Industry divi-^on February 1955 !*gO and g r o u p Feb. 1955 l/ 47,801 711 92.3 204.1 95.6 Jan. 1955 1/ 47,804 712 92.9 202.7 97.7 Dec. 1954 49,505 720 92.1 203.9 101.5 Feb. 1954 47,880 790 103.1 252.2 98.1 Year Previous month ago - 3 - 79 + - 1 - .6 1.4 2.1 79 10.8 48.1 2.'5 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTtON................... 2,269 2,358 2,549 2,356 - 89 - 87 MANUFACTURING.......................... 16,082 15,965 16,097 16,322 +117 -240 Lumber and w o o d p r o d u c t s In s t r u m e n t s and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .......... M i s c e l laneous man u f a c t u r i n g industries... and o t h e r Printing, finished publishing, an d 9,166 157.0 9,201 158.2 9,480 217.0 +105 - 2.4 -209 - 62.4 726.4 349.2 517.7 1,222.2 727.1 344.2 512.7 1,199.4 755.4 348.6 520.2 1,190.6 694.2 346.1 509.6 1,223.4 .7 + 5.0 + 5.0 + 22.8 + 32.2 + 3.1 + 8.1 - 1.2 1,053.3 1,533.7 1,122.2 1,829.6 303.0 458.6 1,041.3 1,505.8 1,116.4 1,809.4 302.6 450.4 1,050.3 1,499.7 1,127.0 1,783.2 303.4 464.6 1,072.6 1,626.0 1,138.4 1,846.8 325.0 480.4 + 12.0 + 27.9 + 5.8 + 20.2 + .4 + 8.2 - 6,811 1,401.8 95.3 1,083.7 6,799 1,419.0 99.1 1,079.9 6,896 1,480.5 109.4 1,086.2 6,842 1,428.9 98.2 1,090.2 + 12 - 17.2 - 3.8 + 3.8 - 31 - 27.1 - 2.9 - 6.5 1,208.8 526.9 1,189.6 527.4 1,194.3 531.1 1,213.8 525.2 + 19.2 .5 + 806.9 785.7 248.1 268.8 384.9 807.6 785.0 247.3 268.5 375.5 817.9 785.9 249.5 267.9 373.5 802.2 793.6 252.2 259.4 378.4 + + + + .7 .7 .8 .3 9.4 + 4.7 - 7.9 - 4.1 + 9.4 + 6.5 + + 5 5 0 0 -101 - 97 - 7 + 3 - 86 + 87 (e x c e p t P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s .................... F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s (exc e p t ordnance, m a c h i n e r y , and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n Apparel 9,271 154.6 19.3 92.3 16.2 17.2 22.0 21.8 textile 5.0 1.7 allied L e a t h e r and l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............... TRANSPORTAHON AND PU8L!C UT!L!T!ES...... TRAMSPORTAHOM........................ COMMUM!CAT!0M......................... OTHER P U B H C U T ! L ! T ! E S .................... WHOLESALE AND RETA!L TRADE.............. 3,938 2,622 735 581 3,933 2,617 735 581 3,999 2,680 736 583 4,039 2,719 742 578 10,397 10,483 11,400 10,310 2,806 7,591 1,306.9 1,430.0 803.7 575.1 3,474.8 2,815 7,668 1,355.6 1,424.2 805.6 598.9 3,483.8 2,855 8,545 1,920.8 1,457.6 822.8 743.0 3,600.4 2,792 7,518 1,304.6 1 ,406.4 818.2 563.1 3,425.7 - 9 - 77 - 48.7 + 5.8 - 1.9 - 23.8 - 9.0 + + + + + + F!NANCE, !NSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE...... 2,105 2,096 2,109 2,04A + 9 + 61 SERVICE AND M!SCELLANEOUS............... 5,427 5,423 5,479 5,380 + 4 + 47 STATE AMD LOCAL........................... 6,872 2,142 4,730 6,834 2,139 4,695 7,152 2,457 4,695 6,639 2,175 4,464 + 38 + 3 + 35 +233 - 33 +266 WHOLESALE Food 1/ TRADE.......................... and l i q u o r Preliminary. s t o r e s ...................... 14 73 2.3 23.6 14.5 12.0 49.1 Tabte 2. Production w orkers in m a n u fa ctu rin g, b y m ajor industry g r o u p Year Current February 1955 ag o Major industry group Feb. 1955 1/ MAMUFACTURtttG......................... DURABLE GOODS............................. Lumber and w o o d p r o d u c t s machinery, MOMDURABLE GOODS.......................... and k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s Apparel an d o t h e r ... publishing, Chemicals a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .............. and an d 12,653 12,553 7,314 7,221 12,682 7,263 12,906 +100 -253 7,520 + 93 -206 - 2.0 - 58.8 105.7 107.7 109.1 164.5 655.3 293.4 434.3 1,031.8 657.5 288.9 429.3 1,011.3 687.4 293.9 436.9 1,001.8 627.3 291.7 427.2 1,026.7 2.2 4.5 + 5.0 + 20.5 + 28.0 + 1.7 + 7.1 + 5.1 845.2 1,136.9 818.1 1,409.1 212.3 372.0 834.2 1,111.5 8H.9 1,388.8 212.1 364.8 843.7 1,105.5 827.1 1,365.1 213.3 378.9 863.6 1,219.8 838.9 1,434.6 232.5 393.2 + 11.0 + 25.4 + 3.2 + 20.3 + .2 47.2 - 5,339 5,332 5,419 5,386 + 979.9 86.8 990.9 996.6 90.7 987.2 1,054.2 100.1 993.1 1,009.1 89.8 994.6 - 1,078.3 433.1 1,060.7 433.5 1,065.2 437.5 1,087.6 436.5 - 515.5 528.2 170.4 210.4 345.9 517.9 528.8 169.6 210.5 336.8 525.2 528.5 171.5 209.3 334.0 513.6 536.1 177.6 202.9 338.6 + + 7 18.4 82.9 20.8 25.5 20.2 21.2 - 47 16.7 3.9 3.7 - 29.2 3.0 - 3.7 17.6 .4 - 9.3 3.4 2.4 .6 .8 .1 9.1 + + + 1.9 7.9 7.2 7.5 7.3 - + allied l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............... l/ P r e l i m i n a r y . a go finished textile Pr i n t i n g , Leather Year Feb. 1954 and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n I n s t r u m e n t s and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .......... M i s c e l l a n e o u s manufa c t u r i n g industries... Food Dec. 1954 1 / (ex c e p t Stone, clay, and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ........... P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s .................... F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ( e x cept o r d nance, Jan. 1955 - + + Tabte 3. Hours and gross e a r n in g s o f production workers in m a n u factu rin g, b y m ajor industry g r o u p Averag^weekly Major industry group 19'>5 Feb. l/ 1954 Jan. 1/ Feb. 1955 1954 Feb. Jan. 1/ 1/ Feb. 195/. 1955 Feb. 1/ Jan. 1/ Feb. MANUFACTURE .................... $74.93 $73.97 $71.28 40.5 40.2 39.6 $1.85 ip1.84 $1.80 DURABLE GOODS............... 80.75 80.16 76.38 41.2 40.9 40.2 1.96 1.96 1.90 82.42 81.20 78.40 40.4 40.0 40.0 2.04 2.03 1.96 67.73 66. $6 66.50 63.99 63.76 62.16 41.3 41.6 40.8 40.5 40.1 40.1 I.64 1.60 1.63 1.58 1.59 1.55 72.72 87.94 73.31 86.65 70.70 79.52 40.4 40.9 40.5 40.3 40.4 38.6 1.80 2.15 1.81 2.15 1.75 2.06 80.34 84.46 74.74 93.06 80.34 83.44 74.56 91.98 76.33 82.60 72.22 84.82 41.2 41.2 40.4 42.3 41.2 40.9 40.3 42.0 40.6 41.3 39.9 40.2 1.95 2.05 1.85 2.20 1.95 2.04 1.85 2.19 1.83 2.00 1.81 2.11 74.40 74.77 73.12 40.0 40.2 40.4 1.86 1.86 1.81 66.58 6^.09 64.16 40.6 40.3 40.1 1.64 1.64 1.60 NONDURABLE GOODS............. 66.36 66.02 64.02 39.5 39.3 38.8 1.68 1.68 1.65 Food and kindred products .... Tobacco manufactures.......... 69.89 49.58 54.94 70.58 50.52 54.25 67.64 46.31 52.06 40.4 37.0 40.1 40.8 37.7 39.6 40.5 35.9 38.0 1.73 1.34 1.37 1.73 1.34 1.37 1.67 1.29 1.37 49.55 75.90 48.60 75.72 49.46 72.07 36.7 42.4 36.0 42.3 36.1 41.9 1.35 1.79 1.35 1.79 1.37 1.72 89.09 80.15 88.24 79.23 85.95 76.86 38.4 41.1 38.2 41.0 38.2 41.1 2.32 1.95 2.31 1.93 2.25 1.87 93.02 82.21 53.13 93.89 84.25 52.44 90.68 75.47 52.44 40.8 40.7 38.5 41.0 41.3 38.0 Z0.3 38.9 38.0 2.28 2.02 1.38 2.29 2.04 1.38 2.25 1.94 1.38 L u m b e r l n d ' t l d l r o d u c l s ...... (except furniture )......... . . Stone, clay, Machinery and glass (except electrical). 1ns t r ^ I n t ^ 'and" re^alld^ M ^ c e H l n e o u s ' m L n u f L c t u r i n g ' '' industries.................... Apparil'aid\th°r"finished* ' '' textile products.............. Printing p u ^ I s h l n g ^ n d .... allied industries............. Prod^ct^of"petr^leL^Ind"°^' c o a l ........................... Rubber products................ Leather and leather products.. Tabte 4 . tn d ex o f em ptoyees in n onagricuttura! estabtishments, b y industry division (1947-49=100) Year Current ago industry division Feb. 1955 it TOTAL............................... T r a n s p o r t a t i o n and p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .................................. W h o l e s a l e a nd r e t a i l t r a d e .............. F ina n c e , insu r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e . . . S e r v i c e and m i s c e l l a n e o u s ............... Jan. 1955 l! Dec. 1954 Feb. 1954 109.4 109.4 113.3 109.6 75.0 107.8 107.7 75.1 112.0 106.9 75.9 121.1 107.8 83.3 111.9 109.3 96.7 110.5 12 4 .1 110.5 121.9 96.6 111.4 123.6 110.4 121.3 98.2 121.2 124.4 111.6 126.9 99.2 109.6 120.5 109.6 117.8 Tabte 5. tn dex of production w o r k e rs in manufacturing, b y m a jo r industry group, (1947-49^100) Year Current Major Feb. 1955 Jan. 1955 1' Dec. 1954 Feb. 1954 102.3 101.5 102.5 104.3 109.6 108.2 103.8 112.7 467.6 476.5 480.9 727.9 88.8 99.2 99.8 100.3 89.2 97.9 98.6 98.2 93.1 99.5 100.5 97.3 85.0 98.9 93.2 99.8 103.5 100.0 127.7 137.8 109.3 9T.9 107.1 97.8 127.3 135.8 109.3 96.1 108.3 97.3 129.2 133.5 109.8 99.7 110.9 107.3 131.0 140.3 120.1 103.4 93.7 93.6 95.2 94.6 82.8 82.3 81.1 84.2 86.1 80.8 89.0 94.6 81.3 85.2 85.2 81.4 103.5 108.1 101.9 108.3 102.3 109.3 104.5 109.1 107.4 103.5 91.4 103.1 95.7 107.8 103.7 91.4 103.6 93.2 109.2 103.7 92.5 102.6 92.3 106.9 105.0 95.7 99.7 93.7 l' MANUFACTURE........................ DUR A B L E Lumber ago industry group G O O D S ............................... and w o o d p r o d u c t s ( e x cept f u r n i t u r e ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... F u r n i t u r e and f i x t u r e s . .......... . P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ................ F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s (exc e p t o r d n a n c e , m a c h i n e r y , and t r a n s - Miscellaneous manufacturing industries . XOKDUKABLEaOODS.................... F o o d and k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s . ............. . Ipplrillid^th^ *' * p r o d u c t s ................................... P rint i n g , publishing, L e a t h e r and and a l l i e d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ........... l/ Preliminary. viii T abte 6. E m ptoyees in nonagricutturat estab tish m en ts, b y industry d iv is io n , se a s o n a tty adjusted (1947-49^100) 1955 J^/ 1955 .1 / 1954 1954 1955 JV 1955 JV 1954 1954 TOTAL............................. 777.0 770 .9 770 .8 777.2 V8 ,525 V8 ,V67 V8 ,V79 V8 ,607 M i n i n g ..................................... 75 .V 779.8 707.9 97.9 773 .0 725 .V 772 .8 722.3 75 .7 723 .7 707. V 97.8 773 .7 72V .8 772 .7 727 .8 75 .5 723 .6 707. V 98 .0 772 .8 725 .0 772 .7 720 .7 83 .8 72V .V 709 .5 700 .V 772 .7 727 .8 777.8 778 .2 775 772 2 ;,527 76 ,7 76 2 ,597 77 6 2 ,60 7 2 ,67 8 76,,028 ,980 ^< 70 ,639 2 ,777 ,53V ^i 3,,866 76 ,038 3,989 70 ,67 7 2 ,720 5,53V 6 ,80V 76,,3V9 V ,087 70,,5V3 2 ,065 ,V90 ^i 3,,667 M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................. T r a n s p o r t a t i o n and p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s . . W h o l e s a l e and r e t a i l t r a d e ............ F i n ance, i n s urance , and r e a l estat e . . G o v e r n m e n t ................................ 3 ,985 ,632 70 ; 3,,726 3 ,538 ,892 ?i 79V Tabte 7. P r o d u c tio n w o rk e rs in manufacturing, b y m a jo r industry group, se a s o n a tty a d ju ste d (1947-49=100) 1955 _1_/ 1954 1954 1955 _1/ 1955 1/ 1954 1954 MANUFACTURE.................. 702. 5 702.0 702.0 70V .6 72,677 72,676 72 ,67 8 72, 935 DURABLE G O O DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709. V 708 .3 708 .2 772 .5 7,303 7,237 7,223 7,509 V67. 6 V 76. 5 V80 .9 72 7. 9 706 708 93.0 97.3 700 .7 9V .3 96 .5 99 .5 97.7 95 .0 97.5 700 .0 89.0 96. 8 99. 7 99 .3 686 287 V38 7,027 696 285 V33 7,006 707 288 V35 997 65 7 286 V37 7,022 707. V 93. .5 726 .5 737.8 J08.3 97.9 706.0 96. V 726 .0 735.8 708 .8 98. V 707.3 96.3 726 .7 733 .5 708 .8 98 .7 709.8 705 .7 729. 8 7V0 .3 779 .6 703 .V 837 7,720 870 7,409 27 7 3 72 826 7 ,096 807 7,389 27 7 3 7V 836 7,095 877 7,365 27 7 3 75 855 7,202 837 7,V35 232 393 5 ,37V 5 ,385 5 ,395 5 ,V26 1955 _1/ NONDURABLE GO O DS . . . . . . . . . . T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............... A p p a r e l and o t h e r f i n i s h e d t e x t i l e P a p e r and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......... P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ........................... Leather and l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ...... 765 90 .-5 36. 7 79.9 90 .5 85 .2 80.0 97 .7 88.0 80.0 93 .2 89. 0 80.2 7,077 97 976 7 ,077 90 977 7,085 93 978 7,703 9V 980 700 .7 707.6 700 .8 707.8 700 .7 707.8 700 .9 708. 6 7,0V2 V37 7,050 V32 7,0V9 V32 7 ,057 V35 708.0 702. 9 92.5 702.6 93.5 707.8 703 .7 92.5 702. 6 93 .2 707.6 703 .7 93 .0 707 .7 92.9 707.6 70V .V 96.8 99.2 97 .5 579 525 772 209 338 578 529 772 209 33 7 57 7 526 773 206 336 57 7 533 780 202 337 1 / Preliminary. 335452 0 - 2 ix E M P L O Y E E S <W N O N A G R K U L T U R A L E S T A B H S H M E N T S BY MAIOR tWDUSTRY D)V!S)OW WiHtons WiHions Tab!$ A -l: Em pioyees in nonagricuttura! estabiishments, b y industry division C°ntra.t Year and month Annual Manufac turing Mining Wholesale Finance, Service tation and and retail insurance, and public and real miscel trade u tilitie s estate laneous Govern ment average: 1919. 1920 . 1921 . 1922 . 1923 . 1924 . 1925. 1926 . 1927 . 1928 . 1929 . 1930 . 1931 . 1932 . 1933 . 1934 . 1935'. 1936 . 1937 . 1938 . TOTAL 26,829 1,124 27,088 1,230 24,125 25,569 953 28,128 920 1,203 1,092 1.021 848 1,012 1,18 3 1,229 1,3 2 1 10 , 53^ 10,534 8,132 8,986 10,155 9,523 9,786 9,997 9,839 9,786 27,770 28,505 29,539 29,691 29,710 1,176 1,105 i,0 4 i 31,041 29,143 1,078 1,000 1,497 1,372 10,534 864 1,2 14 8,021 26,383 1,080 1,446 1,555 1,608 1,606 9,401 23,377 23,466 25,699 722 970 735 874 26,792 28,802 888 809 862 912 30,718 937 28,902 1,006 882 1,145 1939.. 30,287 19^0 .. 32,031 1941 .. 1942 .. 1943 .. 1944 .. 1945 .. 1946 .. 1947 .. 1948 .. 36,164 39,697 42,042 41,480 947 983 917 41,412 43,438 44,382 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 44,696 47,289 48,306 49,660 918 889 916 885 2,603 2,634 14,178 14,967 16,104 16,334 844 2,644 50,197 822 48,147 47,880 40,069 .. .. .. .. 43,295 .. 6,797 7,258 8,346 8,907 9,653 1 ,1 1 2 1,055 10,606 845 1,15 0 916 1,294 1,790 10,078 10,780 9,253 3,711 4,664 1,050 2,054 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,806 4,623 4,754 1 ,11 0 2,142 2,187 3,824 3,940 3,891 5,084 5,494 5,626 5,810 6,033 6,165 1,097 1,079 1,123 1,163 1,16 6 1,235 1,295 2,268 2,431 2,516 2,591 2,755 3,822 6,137 1,360 2,871 2,962 3,907 3,675 3,243 2,8o4 6,401 6,064 5,531 4,907 4,999 5,552 5,692 1,431 1,398 1,333 3,127 3,084 2,913 2,659 2,736 2,771 2,956 3,114 2,84o 2,912 6,076 6,543 6,453 6,612 6,940 1,270 1,225 1,247 1,262 1,313 1,355 1,347 1,382 2,682 2,614 2,784 2,883 3,060 2,671 2,603 2,531 2,542 2 ,6 11 2,723 2,802 2,848 2,917 2,996 3,066 3,149 3,264 3,225 3,167 3,298 3,477 3,662 3,233 3,196 3,749 3,321 3,477 3,705 3,857 3,919 3,934 4,055 3,987 4,192 3,876 7,522 1,419 1,462 1,440 1,401 1,374 1,394 8,602 1,586 4,621 9,196 9,519 1,641 4,807 4,925 5,456 5,614 9,513 9,645 1,736 1,796 5,000 1,957 17,259 4,185 4,224 10,012 10,281 5,837 5,992 6,348 10,533 2,632 16,765 4,187 11,361 805 2,349 16,434 4,069 10,421 790 772 749 737 744 2,356 2,415 2,535 2,634 16,322 4,039 10,310 2,o44 10,305 2,057 2,075 2,081 2,729 15,888 3,992 4,008 4,008 4,032 735 737 719 716 2,795 15,627 15,863 16,019 10,377 883 826 852 943 982 12,974 2,170 15,051 1,567 1,094 17,381 17,111 15,302 14,461 1,13 2 1,6 6 1 1,982 2,169 2,165 2,333 15,290 15,321 3,013 3,248 3,433 3,619 3,798 3,872 4,023 4,122 4,141 3,949 3,977 4,166 7,416 7,333 7,189 7,260 l,7H 4,622 5,431 6,049 6,026 5,967 5,607 2,025 5,098 5,278 5,423 5,486 6,645 2,040 5,435 6,955 5,377 6,659 6, 63$ 6,667 6,699 1,862 6,609 M o n t h l y data: 1953: December.... 1954: January.... February.... March..... April..... May....... June...... July...... August.... September... October.... November.... December.... 1955: January.... 47,848 48,068 47,935 48,137 47,808 16,234 16,000 15,836 16,058 49,505 721 720 2,777 2,724 2,549 16,107 16,097 4,043 4,030 4,032 4,012 3,992 3,999 47,804 712 2,358 15,965 3,933 48,045 48,526 46,668 48,827 2,851 2,8 17 10,496 2,033 5,380 5,4o6 5,506 5,563 5,601 6,701 5,638 6,467 6,454 6,738 5,549 5,511 5,479 6,865 ll,4oo 2,126 2,126 2 ,1 15 2,110 2,108 2,109 10,483 2,096 5,423 6,834 10,375 10,414 10,350 10,480 10,581 10,782 2,104 5,634 5,606 6,625 6,882 7,152 1 tndustry Eruptoymctit Tabte A -2 : Emptoyees in nonagricutturat estabtishments^ b y industry division and group 1954 1955 January TOTAL...................................................................................... M!N!M6.................................. A n t h r a c i t e ......................................... B i t u m i n o u s - c o a l .................................. C r u d e - p e t r o l e u m and n a t u r a l - g a s p r o d u c t i o n . . N o n m e t a l l i c m i n i n g and q u a r r y i n g ............. December 1953 November January December 47,804 49,505 48,827 48,147 50,197 712 720 721 805 822 92.9 31.4 202.7 287.0 97-7 92.1 31.9 203.9 290.3 101.5 93.1 32.1 204.2 288.8 103.0 104.3 46.4 260.5 295.3 98.8 105.5 48.5 266.4 298.0 104.0 CONTRACT CONSTRUCT!ON.................................................... 2,358 2,549 2,724 2,349 2,632 MOMBU!LD!MG COHSTRUCHOM........................................... 423 478 554 415 490 167.5 255.4 203.0 274.7 251.1 302.7 149-9 264.6 195-9 293.7 BU!LD)MG COMSTRUCHOM.................................................. General c o n t r a c t o r s .............................. S p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ...................... P l u m b i n g and h e a t i n g .................... . Painting and d e c o r a t i n g ....................... E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ................................. O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ............ MANUFACTURE................................................................... DURABLE GOODS................................................................... Lumber and w o o d p r o d u c t s Furniture and (ex c e p t furniture), f i x t u r e s ......................... Stone, clay, and gl a s s p r o d u c t s ............... P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ....................... F a b r i c a t e d m etal products (except ordnance, m a c h i n e r y , and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ) . . , Machinery (excep t e l e c t r i c a l ) ................. E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ........................... . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ....................... I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ............ . M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ..... . NONDURABLE GOODS............................................................ T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ........................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................... A p p a r e l and o t h e r f i n i s h e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s P a p e r and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ..................... Printing, Chemicals Products publishing, and an d industries al l i e d p r o d u c t s ...... ......... of pet r o l e u m and 2 allied c o a l ............... 1,935 2,071 2,170 1,934 2,142 780.0 1.154.5 296.1 123.0 162.8 572.6 850.2 1.220.4 307.8 136.7 168.4 607.5 912.6 1.257.8 3U.9 145.4 169.5 631.0 811.5 1,122.6 292.2 124.1 169.1 537-2 924.6 1.217.6 305.5 142.9 170.5 598.7 15,965 16,097 16,107 16,434 16,765 9,166 9,201 9,182 9,591 9,773 157.0 727.1 344.2 512.7 1,199.4 158.2 755.4 348.6 520.2 1,190.6 159.2 781.6 353.0 522.0 1.176.8 231.4 684.5 347.7 511.0 1.249.0 240.6 722.5 356.0 531.0 1.273.7 1.041.3 1.505.8 1.116.4 1.809.4 308.6 450.4 1,050.3 1,499.7 1,127.0 1.783.2 303.4 464.6 1.050.2 1,485.0 1.128.2 1,741.6 302.9 481.1 1,083.4 1.636.6 1.157.6 1.886.0 329.7 473.8 1,086.6 1.643.4 1.187.5 1,904.3 332.9 494.7 6,799 6,896 6,925 6,843 6,992 1,419-0 99-1 1.079.9 1.189.6 527.4 807.6 785.0 247.3 268.5 375.5 1.480.5 109.4 1.086.2 1.194.3 531.1 817-9 785.9 249-5 267.9 373.5 1.527-9 111.5 1.085.9 1.180.2 532.8 816.6 786.2 251.3 262.4 370.5 l,H4.7 105.6 1.091.1 1,505 3 112.9 1,123.1 1.212.6 530.7 814.1 800.2 255.4 265.9 372.0 . 1 188.2 525.7 802.8 798.1 253.1 262.3 371.0 Tabte A -2: Emptoyees in nonagricutturat estabtishments, b y industry division and group - Continued (In th o u sa n d s) 1954 1955 1953 industry division and group TRANSPORTAHOW AWD PUBUC UT!L!T!ES............................ A ir t r a n s p o r t a t io n (c o m m o n c a r r i e r ) ................................ OTHER P U B U C U T ! U T ! E S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . January December November 3,933 3,999 3,992 4,069 4,187 2,617 2,680 2,672 2,747 2,861 1,162.1 1 ,009.7 117 .2 686.0 651.9 46.3 106.4 1 ,189.2 1 ,027.3 118 .2 7 1 3 .1 659.7 46.5 105.5 1 ,189.0 1 ,035.4 11 8 .7 707.8 656.3 46.6 104.8 1 ,266.4 1 ,107.6 126.5 698.5 655.5 50.8 104.8 1 ,328.6 1 ,15 5 .1 12 7 .1 729.5 676.0 51.2 105.7 735 736 736 744 747 693.2 41.1 694.2 41.5 694.3 701.3 42.1 704.0 42.7 581 583 584 578 579 556.7 24.4 558.3 24.4 559-0 24.6 554.5 23.6 555-5 23-7 4i.o January December WHOLESALE AWD RETA!L TRADE.............................................. 10,483 u,4oo 10,782 10,421 11,3 6 1 WHOLESALE T R A D E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,815 2,855 2,844 2,794 2,830 7,668 8,545 7,938 7,627 8,531 1,355-6 1,424.2 805.6 598.9 3,483.8 1 ,920.8 1,457.6 822.8 743.0 3,600.4 1,531.1 1,437.7 808.1 630.8 3,529.8 1 ,368.8 1 ,4 0 1.1 824.9 583.7 3,448.9 1 ,960.4 1 ,428.7 839.3 720.7 3,582.2 2,096 2,109 2,108 2,033 2,040 G e n e ra l m e r c n a n d is e sto re s . .* F!WAWCE, !WSURAWCE, AWD REAL ESTATE............................ 528.2 72.3 782.7 712.5 SERVICE AWD MtSCELLAWEOUS................................................ P e rso n a l 5,423 528.8 70.8 784.4 725.4 5,479 526.6 70.0 76 3 .1 728.3 5,5 U 516.1 63.9 759-4 693.3 5,377 515.8 64.1 761.4 699.0 5,435 460.4 467.6 470.1 466.7 474.7 326.3 160.2 223.0 3 2 7.1 162.2 224.1 328.3 165.3 228.2 332.6 164.5 223.8 334.8 167.2 225.2 s e r v ic e s : GOVERWMEWT.......................................................................... 6,834 7,152 6,882 6,659 6,955 2,480 4,475 FEDERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,139 2,457 2,165 2,184 STATE AMD LO CAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,695 4,695 4,717 4,475 3 industry Emp!o\mait Tabte A -3 : Att em ptoyees and production w orkers in mining and manufacturing industries (In thousands) All employees Industry group and industry Dec. 1954 Nov. Jan. Jan. Jan. 1954 1954 1955 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1955 1954 1954 712 720 721 805 - - - - Jan. MM/M?. ...................... 104.3 79.2 78.3 79.4 90.0 30.5 38.2 25.1 26.9 23.8 12.6 24.6 23.5 12.5 26.2 22.8 14.8 29.3 15.9 12.5 33.5 25.1 13.5 31.9 32.1 46.4 28.9 28.9 29.1 42.8 202.7 203.9 204.2 260.5 184.9 185.7 186.0 241.2 287.0 290.3 288.8 295.3 - - - - 124.8 125.2 126.1 128.4 83.2 86.7 87.9 84.3 92.9 92.1 93.1 29.4 27.8 29.0 27.6 14.8 14.7 AMTHRACtTE..................... 31.4 B!TUM!M0US-C0AL................ CRUDE-PETROLEUM AME WATURAL-QAS PRODUCT! OH................ ... METAL MlMtMG................... Iron mining ............. Production workers Petroleum and natural-gas production (except contract services)................... MOMMETALUC MtMtMG AMO QUARRY)MQ.. 97.7 101.5 103.0 98.8 MWf/tCn/WMC .......................... 15.965 16,097 16,107 16,434 12,553 12,682 12,697 13,002 Sjods................. MMdMrobla COods.............. 9,166 9,201 6,896 9,182 7,263 5,419 7,247 5,450 7,616 6,925 9,591 6,843 7,221 6,799 5,332 5.386 ORDMAMCE AMD ACCESSOR)ES ....... 157.0 158.2 159.2 231.4 107.7 109.1 109.8 176.5 FOOD AMD KtMDRED PRODUCTS....... 1 , 419.0 1 , 480.5 1,527.9 1,444.7 996.6 1,054.2 1 , 101.8 1,024.2 236.4 333-4 331.8 326.0 255.7 264.2 263.5 113.0 172.4 117.2 283.3 43.6 115 .1 110.8 199.6 118.2 285.3 50.0 159.7 117.1 71.6 126.3 72.5 144.6 84.9 75.7 171.3 85.7 174.5 191.5 85.2 200.7 131.0 131.7 99.1 325.2 111.2 Canning and preserving........ 153.4 116.3 278.8 84.0 43.8 85.7 173.1 24.7 92.5 113.7 93.1 74.1 117.5 95.7 69.O 115.1 94.8 105.6 90.7 100.1 102.7 97.2 29.5 29.6 33.6 6.4 38.4 6.5 30.0 38.9 28.9 37.5 7.7 29.9 31.8 39.4 7.8 26.6 6.6 6.6 21.2 23.6 27.2 24.2 1 , 085.9 1 , 091.1 987.2 993.1 991.7 996.5 5-0 5.2 125.4 128.3 494.8 457.5 25.9 88.1 4.9 116.9 459.8 26.0 192.9 78.8 50.7 54.1 14.0 15.5 64.8 281.5 168.1 30.2 24.8 88.4 83.6 204.9 200.8 66.9 106.7 134.6 135.0 109.4 1 11.5 32.4 35.4 7.5 32.9 40.3 7.7 33.0 40.9 23.8 28.5 TEXT!LE-M!LL PRODUCTS........... 1,079.9 1 , 086.2 Scouring and combing plants.... Yarn and thread mills......... 5.4 5.4 126.2 125.4 488.0 29.8 486.1 29.7 483.0 29.4 213.5 221.1 223.8 211.1 90.1 90.3 89.4 50.2 50.1 13.1 14.2 63.9 Sugar....................... Confectionery and related 29.9 81.7 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............ Tobacco stemming and redrying.... Narrow fabrics and smallwares.... Knitting mills............... Dyeing and finishing textiles.... Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings................... Hats (except cloth and millinery).................. 63.6 73-4 132.0 63.2 29.2 172.6 38.0 70.6 4.9 116.2 4.5 4.6 116 .1 454.1 25.6 118.7 204.0 78.5 190.0 79.3 42.1 42.2 42.7 44.9 1 1.6 54.2 12.6 12.4 53.8 13.9 55.4 200.1 54.4 466.0 25.5 77.5 tfldu !! \ f Tabte A -3: Att em ptoyees and production w orkers in mining and manufacturing industries -C ontinued (In thousands) All employees industry group and Industry Production workers Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 1,060.7 I.O 65.2 1,053.1 1 , 061.6 133.0 111.9 111.2 104.1 119.2 290.9 372.7 268.9 333.9 270.9 332.2 275.9 314.7 332.9 103.6 22.5 71.2 99.9 17.6 102.5 16.1 67.4 10.0 96.2 20.2 65.O 10.2 98.4 19.7 69.O 7.0 63.4 56.5 52.2 54.5 56.7 49.8 122.7 125.5 122.6 99.7 102.9 105.7 102.7 727.1 733-4 731.6 634.5 657.3 -687.4 713 .1 616.9 57.9 114 .9 395.9 130.2 405.1 74.8 372.5 89.3 357.1 107.0 366.7 122.5 375.5 67.6 343.7 134.7 58.4 120.7 61.5 109.9 54.3 112.6 54.2 114.4 54.0 100.6 56.8 53.1 13^*8 53.7 53.1 53.2 53.0 46.9 46.9 46.7 48.2 FURMtTURE AMD FtXTURES.......... 344.2 343.6 353.0 347.7 288.9 293.9 298.5 293.2 Household furniture........... Office, public-building, and professional furniture........ Partitions, shelving, lockers, and fixtures................ Screens, blinds, and miscellane ous furniture and fixtures.... 243-7 248.1 251.4 241.7 210.6 215.6 219.0 208.5 41.7 41.5 41.5 41.5 33.6 33.4 33.4 33.9 32.6 32.5 33.5 35.6 24.8 24.6 25.5 27.8 26.2 26.5 26.6 28.9 19.9 20.3 20.6 23.0 PAPER AMD ALL!ED PRODUCTS....... 527.4 531.1 532.8 525.7 433.5 437.5 440.0 437.5 258.8 145.0 123.6 259.5 147.7 123.9 253.7 149.9 124.2 257.5 217.1 118.9 218.3 121.7 217.6 145.6 122.6 218.7 119.9 97.5 97.5 124.1 98.3 807.6 817.9 816.6 802.8 517.9 525.2 523.6 514.2 Newspapers................... Periodicals.................. Books....................... Commercial printing........... Lithographing................ Greeting cards............... Bookbinding and related industries.................. 294.0 62.9 50.1 210.5 297.8 64.0 51.2 297.0 64.2 290.6 146.4 26.0 26.4 51.0 209.6 31.5 169.2 18.5 170.3 43.9 14.2 171.6 58.5 19.7 211.3 60.5 21.0 51.6 209.2 61.0 22.1 148.9 25.5 31.2 142.4 26.0 30.6 147-9 63.7 46.0 15.4 46.6 16.4 30.3 170.9 44.7 13.4 42.4 43.0 43.3 43.4 33.3 33.9 34.1 33.8 " p r i ^ ^ ^ r v H e ^ f " ^ . ^ .... 69.5 69.1 68.2 67.3 53.2 52.7 51.9 52.3 APPAREL AMP OTHER FtMtSHEO TEXTtLE PRODUCTS.............. Men's and boys' suits and coats.. Men's and boys' furnishings and Women's outerwear............. Women's, children's under Millinery................... Children's outerwear.......... Fur goods................... Miscellaneous apparel and accessories................. Other fabricated textile LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURtUTURE).................... Logging camps and contractors.... Sawmills and planing mills..... Millwork, plywood, and prefabri cated structural wood products.. Wooden containers............. Miscellaneous wood products.... mills^.!*........^.......... Paperboard containers and boxes.. Other paper and allied products.. PR!MT!MG, PUBL)SH!M6, AMD ALLtED !MDUSTR!ES.................... Jan. 1954 Jan. 1953 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1934 1 , 189.6 1,-194.3 1 , 180.2 1 , 188.2 124.2 123.7 117.0 292.2 293.8 374.1 298.5 335.1 110.6 22.1 76.0 112.6 19 .3 115.0 18.2 c.g 74.1 12.4 74.3 13.2 33.6 61.1 119.4 376.5 336.7 130.3 38.6 58.7 Jan. 1955 66.7 9.3 Jan. 1934 268.1 7.5 98.9 tndustr\ Employment Tabte A -3 : Att em ptoyees and production workers in mining and manufacturing industries - Continued (In thousands) All employees Production workers industry group and industry Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 Jan. 1954 785.0 785.9 786.2 798.1 528.8 528.5 528.2 539.5 97.2 298.9 92.8 96.9 298.7 92.4 96.6 297.7 92.8 93.8 311.2 92.2 68.8 207.1 56.8 68.5 206.3 56.8 68.2 204.6 57.6 67.O 214.1 57.5 52.3 71.8 8.4 33.6 51.5 72.O 8.3 34.5 51.7 72.0 8.3 33.7 51.6 73.4 8.3 34.9 32.0 45.5 7.1 26.9 31.2 45.5 7-1 25.6 31.4 45.5 7.1 24.8 31.8 45.8 7.1 26.6 4o.6 87.4 42.8 88.8 44.5 88.9 44.5 88.2 28.6 56.0 30.4 57-1 31.8 57.2 32.6 57.0 247-3 249.5 251.3 253.1 169.6 171.5 173.3 177.8 200.9 201.2 202.4 203.1 133.0 132.8 134.0 137.7 46.4 48.3 48.9 50.0 36.6 38.7 39.3 40.1 RUBBER PRODUCTS................. 268.3 267.9 262.4 262.3 210.5 209.3 204.6 205.7 Other rubber products.......... 116.2 27.4 124.9 U 5.8 27.6 124.5 111.9 27.5 123.0 113.0 27.0 122.3 87.6 22.1 100.8 87.O 22.3 100.0 83.7 22.3 98.6 86.4 21.5 97.8 LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS..... 375-3 373.5 370.5 371.0 336.8 334.0 331.2 331.9 finished.................... Industrial leather belting and packing..................... Boot and shoe cut stock and findings.................... Footwear (except rubber)....... Luggage...................... Handbags and small leather 43.2 43.3 42.7 44.6 38.8 39.0 38.4 40.0 4.6 4.6 4.6 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.9 16.9 249.9 13.6 16.2 245.8 14.1 15.6 240.5 14.9 16.9 246.6 13.6 15.1 226.2 11.4 14.4 221.5 11.9 13.9 216.2 12.7 15.2 222.4 11.6 33-7 33.6 34.8 31.1 30.2 30.0 31.4 27.8 13.6 15.9 17.4 13.2 11.6 13.7 15.1 11.0 512.7 520.2 522.0 511.0 429.3 436.9 438.8 428.4 32.1 32.2 31.7 31.0 29.0 28.9 28.6 27.6 87.5 87.8 88.6 90.6 74.0 74.7 75.5 77.4 16.8 42.3 75-9 53.8 16.9 42.5 78.2 54.7 16.7 42.5 78.7 55.2 16.8 41.2 75.0 52.2 14.5 35.6 67.4 47.5 14.6 33.6 69.7 48.6 14.5 35.7 70.2 49.0 14.6 34.6 66.4 45.8 99.8 17.8 102.1 18.9 103.8 18.8 96.2 18.0 81.2 15.6 83.3 16.6 84.8 16.5 78.1 15.8 86.7 86.9 86.0 90.0 64.5 64.9 64.0 68.1 CHEMtCALS AMD ALUED PRODUCTS.... Industrial inorganic chemicals.... Industrial organic chemicals.... preparations. ................. Paints, pigments, and fillers... Gum and wood chemicals......... Vegetable and animal oils and fats........................ Miscellaneous chemicals........ PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL... Petroleum refining............. Coke and other petroleum and °goods STOME, CLAY, AMD GLASS PRODUCTS.... Glass and glassware, pressed or blown....................... Glass products made of purchased glass....................... Structural clay products........ Pottery and related products.... Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products.................... "iinlrarpr"du°°s"°''"^^ 6 . tndu>tr\ }m p k ' v m c n t Tabte A -3 :A !! em p !o y e e s and production w orkers in m ining and m anufacturing industries - Continued (In thousands) All employees Production workers Industry group and industry Jan. 1955 PR)MARY METAL tMDUSTRtES......... Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills................ Iron and steel foundries....... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals............. Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals.......... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals.......... Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 Jan. 1954 1,199-4 1 ,190.6 1 ,176.8 1 ,249.0 1,011.3 1 ,001.8 987.7 1,048.8 579.7 222.6 577.2 218.5 571.3 215.4 614.2 228.7 496.8 194.5 493.0 190.2 486.7 186.9 522.2 198.9 59.2 59.0 58.8 58.5 48.3 48.3 48.0 48.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.8 9.3 9.2 9.2 9.3 107-9 7 8 .1 106.8 78.3 105.9 77.2 10 8 .1 82.9 86.1 64.3 85.3 64.5 84.5 63.5 86.7 67.6 139.6 138.5 135.0 143.8 112.0 111.3 108.9 115 .8 1,041.3 1,050.3 1 ,050.2 1 ,083.4 834.2 843.7 844.8 873.5 50.4 51.1 5 1.6 33.3 43.5 44.4 44.9 46.3 150.0 15 0 .1 147.6 153-8 122.9 12 2 .7 120.1 125.5 118 .3 121.1 124.2 118.8 91.9 94.9 98.2 92.2 252.5 258.5 263.2 266.5 188.0 193.3 198.7 203.1 233.4 47.1 57-3 233.1 47.3 57.4 231.5 46.4 55.7 249.6 47.6 58.3 194.4 37.9 48.0 195.1 38.1 48.0 193.6 37.1 46.3 209.1 38.4 48.5 132.3 131.7 130.0 135-3 107.6 107.2 105.9 110.4 1 ,505.8 1,499.7 1 ,485.0 1 ,636.6 1,111.5 1 ,105.5 1 ,091.3 1,230.0 74.7 73.9 71.0 81.8 53.3 52 .7 49.7 58.3 148.4 119.5 263.0 142.4 U 8 .7 264.0 138.1 U 8.9 264.2 140.3 125.0 307.9 109.6 85.9 199.4 103.9 84.6 200.9 99.8 84.6 201.6 100.9 91.5 241.0 166.6 218.5 1 6 7 .1 220.2 166.8 221.4 181.8 241.5 118.4 146.4 11 8 .7 147.8 118 .5 149.0 132.1 167.7 m'etai..... FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDHAMCE, MACHtMERY, AMO TRAMSPORTATtOM EQUtPMEMT)............ Tin cans and other tinware...... Cutlery, hand tools, and hard ware........................ trie) and plumbers' supplies... Fabricated structural metal products.................... Metal stamping, coating, and M i f a b r i c a t e d metal* *' * products........................... MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL).... ^ r i c u l t ^ l ' m a c h i n e r y ' imd ..... tractors. ............ ....... Construction and mining machinery. Metalworking machinery......... Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery).. General industrial machinery ... Office and store machines and 104.0 10 5 .1 103.9 108.6 82.5 83.2 8 2 .1 86.7 Service-industry and household machines.................... Miscellaneous machinery parts... 155.8 255.3 154.6 253.7 152.8 247.9 18 5 .1 264.6 11 7 .6 198.4 116 .3 197.4 114.4 19 1.6 142.4 209.4 ELECTRtCAL MACHtMERY............. 1 ,116 .4 1 ,127.0 1 ,128.2 1,157.6 814.9 827.1 828.3 855.1 Electrical generating, trans mission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.......... Electrical appliances.......... Insulated wire and cable....... Electrical equipment for vehicles. Electric lamps................ Communication equipment........ Miscellaneous electrical products. 364.4 60.6 30.5 78.3 28.4 510.6 43.6 365.3 63.2 30.7 75.7 27.9 519.6 44.6 360.5 64.0 30.3 73.2 27.7 526.4 46.1 390.3 68.6 29.8 78.3 29.5 514.6 46.5 254.0 47.8 24.6 63.6 24.6 368.3 32.0 255.9 50.5 24.9 61.1 24.2 377.9 32.6 250.8 51.5 24.6 58 .7 23.9 384.5 34.3 277.1 57.0 24.2 63.9 25.9 371.9 35.1 335452 0 - 3 )ndustt\ hnptoymcnt Tabte A -3: Att em ptoyees and production workers in mining and m anufacturing industries - Continued All employees Production workers Industry group and industry Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Nov. 1954 1,809.4 1,763.2 1,741.6 1,886.0 1 ,388.8 1.365.1 1,325.9 1,469.8 640.5 791.4 501.1 156.9 14.9 812.3 791.8 497.7 156.5 16.1 776.4 788.7 494.2 158.3 16.6 828.2 830.1 502.7 179.5 18.1 694.3 549.5 344.8 105.2 10.4 666.9 551.5 344.4 105.9 11.4 632.7 549.3 342.0 105.9 11.7 676.8 602.3 362.9 127.3 13.2 118.5 119.5 119.6 129.8 89.1 89.8 89.7 98.9 Other transportation equipment... 117-5 95.6 21.9 52.7 7-3 118.6 98.6 20.0 52.2 8.3 115.9 97.0 18.9 50.9 9.7 143.3 121.7 21.6 76.1 8.3 101.0 81.8 19.2 38.3 5.7 102.4 85.1 17.3 37-7 6.6 99.5 83.4 16.1 36'.4 8.0 125.3 106.2 19.1 58.9 6.5 tMSTRUMEMTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS.. 302.6 303.4 302.9 329.7 212.1 213.3 213.2 237.0 47.9 47.9 47.7 55.4 28.7 28.8 28.7 34.1 78.9 13.2 78.6 13.2 78.3 13.3 79.3 14.8 56.2 10.2 55.9 10.2 55.6 10.3 56.1 11.6 39-3 25.0 67.2 31.1 39.6 24.8 67.4 31.9 39.5 24.8 67.3 32.0 41.8 27.3 69.4 41.7 27.2 19.8 44.6 25.4 27.3 19.5 45.5 26.1 27.I 19.6 45.6 26.3 29.6 21.9 48.1 35.6 450.4 464.6 481.1 473.8 364.8 378.9 395.3 386.4 53.8 16.5 69.5 55.5 16.7 73.3 56.6 16.7 84.2 55.3 16.7 78.3 43.7 14.1 56.1 45.1 14.3 60.1 46.3 14.3 70.8 44.8 14.5 64.5 28.8 65.3 72.3 144.2 29.6 64.9 73.9 150.7 30.0 66.9 73-7 153.0 29.2 62.7 75.2 156.4 21.4 54.8 59.0 H5.7 22.1 54.4 60.1 122.8 22.6 56.1 60.0 125.2 22.0 52.2 62.2 126.2 TRAMSP0RTAT!0N EQUtPMENT........ Aircraft engines and parts.;.... Aircraft propellers and parts... Other aircraft parts and Ship and boat building and Laboratory, scientific, and Mechanical measuring and controlling instruments....... Optical instruments and lenses... Surgical, medical, and dental instruments . .............. MtSCELLAMEOUS MANUFACTURE !M0USTR!ES.................... Jewelry, silverware, and plated Musical instruments and parts.... Toys and sporting goods....... Pens, pencils, and other office Costume jewelry, buttons, notions Fabricated plastic products.... Other manufacturing industries... 8 P.iyrol) In& 'vs Tabte A -4 : Production w orkers and indexes of prod u ction -w ork er em ptoym ent and w eek ty pcyrott in manufacturing industries Period Production-worker employment Index (1947-49 aver (in thousands) age = 100) Production-worker payroll index (1947-49 aver age = 100) Annual average: 193?............................ 1940............................ 1941............................ 1942............................ 1943............................ 1944............................ 1945................. 8,192 6,811 10,877 12,8$h l5 ,01h lit,607 12,86^ 66.2 71.2 87.9 103.9 121.4 118.1 104.0 29.? 3h.O hP.3 72.2 99.0 102.8 87.8 1946............................ 1947............................ 1948............................ 1949............................ 19^0................. 19S1............................ 1952............................ 12,10$ 12,79$ 12,71$ 11,$97 12,317 13,135 13,144 13,830 97.9 103.4 93.8 99.6 106.4 106.3 112.0 81.2 97.7 10$.l 97.2 111.7 129.8 136.6 15 1.6 13,319 13,002 12,906 12,818 12,590 12,437 12,480 107.7 10 5 .1 104.3 103.6 10 1.8 100.5 100.9 147.2 140.8 140.5 138.4 135.0 135.1 136.6 12,212 12,449 12 ,6 11 12,652 12,697 12,682 98.7 100.6 102.0 102.3 102.7 102.5 132.3 135.1 138.4 139.5 142.7 143.6 12,553 10 1.5 141.8 1953...... .......... 102.8 Monthly data: September..... October....... December..... Shipyards Tabte A - 5 : E m ptoyees in G overnm ent an d p r iv a te sh ipyards, b y region (In thousands) 1954 1955 1953 Region 1/ ALL REGiOWS......................... WORTH ATLAMHC...................... SOUTH ATLAMT!C...................... January- December January- December 203.5 205.8 204.3 236.5 238.6 93.6 98.6 97.0 1 2 1.7 123.2 107.9 107.2 107.3 114.8 115.4 86.6 86.1 85.4 102.3 105.6 39-4 47.2 39.3 46.8 38.3 47.1 50.4 51.9 53-2 52.4 36.9 36.9 37.0 41.5 41.8 16.5 20.4 16.7 20.2 16.8 20.2 19.8 21.7 20.0 21.8 18.3 21.2 21.8 22.7 22.0 53-9 54.0 52.7 57.0 56.9 November GULF: PACtFtC............................ 13.6 13.8 12.7 15.8 4o.3 40.2 4o.o 41.2 15.7 41.2 3.7 3.7 3.6 8.0 7.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 5.0 5.2 GREAT LAKES: !MLAMD: 1/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following States: Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. Alabama, The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The Inland region includes all other yards. 2/ Data include Curtis Bay Coast Guard Yard. -IS - Illinois, Federat Government Tabie A -6: Federat p erson ne!, civ iiia n and mititary 1954 1955 B ran ch and 1953 agency January December 2,139 2,113-2 2,457 2,165 2,184 2,480 2,431.1 2,138.8 2,157.9 2,454.6 1,014.6 504.8 593.8 1,011.9 808.4 610.8 1,011.7 506.2 620.9 1 ,058.0 504.4 595.5 1,063.5 792.8 598.3 2 1.7 4.0 22.0 4.0 22.1 4.0 2 1.7 3.9 21.7 3.9 District of Coiumbia-^..................... 226.8 230.7 226.8 228.4 233.7 E x e c u t i v e . ^ .................................................................................................. 206.2 209.9 205.9 207.7 213.0 87.4 8.8 110.0 87.O 13.0 109.9 87.0 8.7 110.2 87.8 9.0 110.9 88.2 13.3 111.5 19-9 .7 20.1 .7 20.2 .7 19.9 .8 19.9 .8 TOTAL FEDERAL OVtLtAM EMPLOYMENT^........... E x e c u t i v e ^ .................................................................................................. D ep artm en t P o st o f O ffic e D efen se D e p a r t m e n t .......................................................... L e g is la t iv e ................. November January ............................................................................................................ D ep artm en t P o st o f O ffic e O t h e r D e f e n s e ............................................................. D e p a r t m e n t ......................................................... a g e n c i e s ............................................................................... L e g is la t iv e ............................................................................... ............................... TOTAL MtLtTARY PERSONNEL 4 / .................. A rm y ............................................................................................... C oast 1/ D ata 2/ In c lu d e s C iv i li a n 3/ and G u a r d .................................................................................................. to a l l e m p lo y m e n t In c lu d e s a d ja c e n t 4/ r e fe r D ata C o n tin e n ta l e x e c u tiv e in a ll navy F e d e ra l a g e n c ie s y a rd s, and V ir g in ia re fe r C o n tin e n ta l S ta te s (e x ce p t a rs e n a ls , c iv i li a n M a ry la n d to U n ite d 3,229 3,209 3,261 3,412 3,436 1,334.2 949.7 699.3 217.4 28.0 1 ,326.1 947.2 686.7 220.6 28.0 1,351.9 966.4 692.7 221.8 28.5 1,462.2 917.5 761.4 239.5 31.4 1,481.2 912.5 765.3 243.8 33.0 o n ly . the C e n tra l h o s p it a ls , e m p lo y m e n t December and In t e llig e n c e on in W a s h in g to n and e lse w h e re . A g e n cy ), fo rc e -a c c o u n t S tan d ard and G overnm ent c o n s tru c tio n M e tro p o lita n A rea is a lso c o rp o ra tio n s . in c lu d e d . ( D is t r ic t o f C o lu m b ia c o u n t ie s ). U n ite d S ta te s NOTE: Beginning with July 1954, approximately 1,200 Howard University and Gallaudet College employees located in the District of Columbia are excluded from Federal Government figures and included in the Service Division. In addition, beginning vith November 1954* approximately 700 employees formerly classified as District of Columbia government employees are included in Federal civilian employment, and 400 Federal employees formerly classified outside the Washington metropolitan area are now in the area. 11 Stjte !-m p lo \m cn t Tabte A -7 : Em ptoyees in nonagricuttura! estabtishments, b y industry division and State (In thousands) Total State Mining 1954 Contract construction 1954 Jan. Dec. Jan. Jan. . 1954 Dec. Jan. California................ Colorado.................. 659.9 205.6 304.2 3,815.0 392.8 675.3 208.9 314.1 3,951.2 410.3 665.6 202.3 301.1 3,812.0 391.4 14.6 13.6 6.7 35.5 13.7 14.6 13.6 6.9 35.1 14.1 Connecticut............... 843.9 866.2 862.8 (2/) (2/) - - - - Georgia................... 486.3 903.4 901.8 501.5 9 11.0 923.7 489.0 893.5 885.4 (3/) 7.2 4.5 (3/) 7.2 4.5 (3/) 7.1 4.6 17.0 78.7 49.5 18.0 82.9 49.2 15.2 84.8 45.4 Illinois.................. Indiana................... Iowa...................... Kansas.................... 125.5 3,265.2 1,316.7 6 11.8 535-7 1 3 1 .1 3,368.7 1,343.2 630.9 552.6 123.4 3,319.0 1,356.1 605.9 526.2 4.5 31.4 10.1 2.8 18.5 4.5 32.4 10 .1 2.9 18.5 4.3 34.7 ll.l 2.8 17.9 5.0 145-7 56.5 25.4 32.5 5.9 158.9 59.8 30.2 35.5 5.4 142.4 50.0 24.1 29.1 Maiyland...... ......... Massachusetts........... 678.0 260.2 775.4 1,714.8 709.0 268.3 800.1 1,773.5 686.4 261.5 779.6 1,752.5 38.6 36.3 .5 2.2 (3/) 38.7 36.4 .6 2.2 (3/) 41.8 33.7 .3 2.2 a/) 44.0 10.7 53.6 59.5 49.4 12.7 56.3 66 .1 48.8 11.3 51.4 58.6 Michigan................ Minnesota..i/........... Mississippi............. Missouri.!/............. Montana................ 2,334.2 823.5 339.3 1,234.6 146.8 2,376.0 858.4 349.2 1 ,276.3 154.3 2,346.9 825.3 328.1 1 ,258.8 146.9 15 .6 12.4 3.0 8.8 10 .7 1 6 .1 13.5 3.1 9.0 10 .7 17.0 17 .7 2.8 8.9 12.2 101.8 45.2 16.2 60.1 7.5 1 1 1 .4 50.3 15.5 65.2 8.9 99.6 36.3 14.5 55.9 6.5 Nebraska.................. 335-6 7 1.6 17 1.2 1,736.2 174.0 351.3 73.9 175.5 1 ,785.8 179.7 335.3 69.2 170 .1 1,773.6 170.1 1.3 5.1 .2 4.0 13.6 1.4 5.0 .2 4 .1 13.3 1.4 4.8 .2 4.5 13.6 15.8 7.3 6.4 87.2 13.1 18.8 8 .1 7.8 94.9 14.0 15.7 7.2 6.2 85.5 12.3 5,749.7 995.1 10 7.7 2,909.1 529.9 5,970.7 1 ,023.1 114.6 2,999.8 546.4 5,802.5 986.2 106.2 2,998.5 526.3 10.0 3.8 2.0 20.7 48.5 10.9 3.9 2.0 20.9 48.6 10.8 3.9 1 .9 21.5 49.8 202.9 44.0 6.3 125.2 27.5 220.8 45.3 8.4 143.4 29.8 194.4 45.0 5.7 135.9 27.3 437.2 3,543.4 292.8 509.2 117.3 460.2 3,658.7 302.0 520.4 121.4 426.7 3,689.0 284.9 5 11.6 116 .6 1 .1 98.1 (3/) 1.0 2.4 1.3 98.9 (3/) 1.0 2.4 1.0 129.6 a/) 1.2 2.5 19.5 176.2 15.0 33.1 6.3 20.9 1 9 1 .1 16.5 34.7 7.4 18 .1 158.2 12.5 39.9 6.9 Virginia.................. 819 .1 2,187.4 205.1 97.4 876.3 843.0 2,253.9 217.5 101.0 909.1 811.6 2,165.0 203.7 100.3 874.4 9.4 119.9 13.5 1.4 14.4 9.4 121.2 13.5 1.4 14.3 8.9 119.5 13.8 1.4 16.8 53.5 148.1 8.9 3.1 54.4 56.4 151.1 11.7 4.0 56.7 46.8 139.1 8 .1 3.5 49.8 Washington.... y.......... West Virginia.!/......... Wisconsin.!/.............. Wyoming................... 704.2 447.1 1,037.5 79.4 736.1 465.8 1 ,065.2 82.8 687.3 480.7 1 ,049.4 81.2 2.2 70 .1 3.6 7.9 2.2 70.5 3.8 9-2 2.3 88.0 3.5 10.8 41.2 14.3 48.1 4.3 44.4 14.7 52.2 5.0 36.4 17.2 43.5 4.1 Alabama................... 1955 District of Columbia..... Kentucky.................. Louisiana.!/.............. Nevada................. Nev Hampshire............. Nev Jersey................ Nev York.!/....y........ North Carolinay!/....... North Dakota.!/.......... Ohio.!/................ Oklahoma............... Oregon................. Pennsylvania.. y.......... Rhode Island.!/.......... South Carolina............ South Dakota.............. Tennessee .!/.............. Texas .!/.................. Utah.... ................. Vermont .1/.............. See footnotes at end of table. 12 - 1955 - - 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. 17.3 13.8 6.6 36.4 12 .7 29.2 15.6 16.5 217.1 21.8 31.6 16.0 15.6 230.5 23.8 27.7 17.8 13.3 232.2 21.8 (2/) 38.2 40.0 35.3 - - - - - Tabie A -7: Empioyees in nonagricuttura! estabiishments, b y industry division and State - Continued (In thouaanda) Manufacturing State 1 )54 . 1955 Transportation and public utilities 1954 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. Wholesale and retail trade 1954 1955 Dec. Jan. Jan. Jan. Dec. Jan. 223.7 27.9 79.4 1,018.7 60.8 225.8 28.2 79-7 1,031.9 63.9 229.4 25.2 79.7 1 ,022.6 62.7 47.6 19.9 28.4 330.0 40.8 48.5 20.2 29.0 336.0 42.2 50.7 20.8 29.6 335.0 42.9 136.8 51.4 71.5 875.3 105.3 144.1 54.0 78 .1 951.2 112.6 137.2 51.3 71.5 873.6 103.7 409.2 53.8 15.7 133.8 313.6 411.6 54.1 16.0 138.6 315.0 445.0 57.7 16.8 134.3 309.6 42.6 42.6 42.2 147.8 160.1 142.7 - - - - - - 28.9 77.9 68.2 29.4 77.4 68.4 30.2 77.1 69.4 89.2 274.8 199.7 97.7 281.2 213.9 90.0 271.6 199.8 Indiana................... 21.5 1,207.4 581.7 162.4 132.5 22.4 1 ,216.2 579.1 162.3 134.6 20.0 1,253.6 621.3 160.6 130.2 15.0 288.5 96.7 55.7 62.7 15.2 291.6 97.8 56.5 63.5 15.8 298.2 103.7 56.9 65.3 33.8 699.7 276.7 167.8 126.3 36.4 752.2 293.4 175.6 133.8 33.1 712.6 277.1 168.3 125.6 Kentucky................... Louisiana.]}/.............. Maine.!/.................. Maryland.................. Massachusetts............. 159.3 143.6 103.1 243.6 658.8 157.5 152.9 103.3 244.2 663.4 157.2 153.8 105.4 254.9 696.5 56.0 78.9 19.5 71.4 116.4 56.6 80.0 19.5 73.5 116 .6 57-9 83.9 19.3 76.4 118.0 125.2 164.0 51.6 167.2 355.6 136.4 174.9 55.7 180.8 385.6 128.7 161.3 51.5 162.8 361.0 Michigan.................. Minnesota.!/.............. 1,114.3 200.2 96.4 378.2 16.5 1,098.3 204.3 96.2 375.7 18 .1 1,129.4 213.9 93.1 401.7 16.6 139.4 80.4 2 6.1 122.2 20.2 142.2 83.4 26.7 125.1 20.7 143.6 85.2 25.5 127.5 22.0 447.3 215.2 81.2 306.9 38.4 48o.o 226.0 88.1 331.6 40.0 450.0 212.9 8 1 .1 3H.9 37-4 Nevada.................... Nev Hampshire............. Nev Jersey................ Nev Mexico................ 55.7 4.6 80.1 757.8 16.5 57.8 4.5 79.5 762.8 16.5 57.9 4.3 80.6 806.3 15.4 4i.i 8.6 10.5 141.5 17 .6 42.1 8.8 10.6 145.0 17.7 41.7 8.6 10.6 143.6 19.0 92.4 15.0 30.4 313.9 40.4 97.5 15.9 32.9 336.5 43.5 92.5 13.9 30.1 309.7 39.3 North Carolina. 1/.......... North Dakota, i/7........... Ohio.!/................... 1,864.2 438.2 6.5 1 ,282.0 84.3 1,899.7 442.4 6.9 1 ,281.6 84.1 1,941.7 433.9 6.0 1,351.3 82.0 475.5 60.3 12.8 2 11.5 48.1 483.0 60.2 13.2 214.5 48.7 485.8 61.0 13.4 222.6 49.4 1 ,260.0 197.4 35.3 571.8 131.2 1,365.5 214.4 38.4 621.8 140.1 1,263.9 197.0 35.4 579.5 129.3 Oregon.................... Pennsylvania............... Rhode Island.!/............ South Carolina............. South Dakota.............. 12 7 .1 1 ,413.8 132.9 221.9 H.5 134.7 1,427.0 134.1 222.7 12.1 120.3 1,529.5 131.3 219.4 11.3 44.9 301.0 15.5 25.5 9.4 45.9 304.9 15.5 25.4 9.6 45.8 319.6 15.9 26.2 9.7 102.9 668.7 54.6 97.5 38.4 11 1.6 729.2 59.6 103.9 40.0 103.8 676.8 53.0 97.1 37.1 Tennessae.!/.............. Texas.!/.................. Utah....^................. Vermont.!/................ Virginia.................. 273.8 423.3 29.2 34.8 241.1 274.7 426.0 31.5 35.5 244.9 278.1 425.1 29.5 38.0 245.2 57.1 220.8 21.2 8.0 79.7 57.8 222.7 21.6 8 .1 80.3 60.1 229.6 21.8 8.4 82.0 183.6 586.0 49.I 18.8 198.0 196.2 625.4 54.6 19.8 217.1 183.3 578.3 47.6 18 .7 196.7 Washington....y........... Vest Virginia.!/........... Wisconsin.!/.............. Wyoming................... 18 5 .1 12 3 .1 421.2 6.7 190.3 124.7 421.3 7.0 177.5 130.8 443.4 6.3 59.1 47.5 73.2 14.5 60.6 48.5 75.0 14.8 6 1 .1 50.4 73.8 15.1 160.0 78.5 221.3 16.8 174.5 89.7 237.6 17.5 158.7 83.5 224.1 17.1 Missouri.!/............... See footnotes at end of table. -!2_ Stjtc Lmplo\mcnt Tabte A-7: Empioyees in nonagricuitura! estabiishments, by industry division and State - Continued fin thousands) State Alabama.................... Arizona... ^................ Finance, insurance, and real estate 1954 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. Service and miscellaneous 1954 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. 123.6 40.0 56.5 646.0 79.7 Government 1954 California................. Colorado................... 22.9 8.0 8.8 17 6 .1 17 .8 22.7 7.8 8.9 176.5 17.7 21.3 7-4 8.8 171.3 16.7 58.9 26.6 35.0 502.3 50.5 59.2 26.1 34.9 506.1 50.8 58.4 26.0 35.1 494.9 51.2 126.2 42.6 57.9 660.0 82.1 128.8 43.0 61.0 683.9 85.2 Connecticut................ Delaware............. District of Columbia.4/.i/.... Florida.................... Georgia.................... 44.9 22.9 44.1 32.6 45.0 43.5 84.8 84.6 22.9 43.8 32.7 76.4 13.8 247.5 142.4 148.5 71.7 82.3 14.4 . 13.2 252.I 249.6 146.1 137.7 140.1 154.5 Idaho...................... Illinois................... Indiana.................... Iowa....................... Kansas..................... 4 .1 166.4 44.2 26.3 18.9 Kentucky... ^............... Louisiana.!/............... Maine.i/................... Maryland .jt/................ Massachusetts.............. - - 22.9 41.9 32.3 65.1 139.5 85.2 65.4 133.8 85.5 82.5 64.3 139.0 84.2 4.2 166.4 44.4 26.4 19.1 4.1 164.3 43.6 26.2 17.6 16.0 375.5 97.1 69.5 54.7 15.7 376.1 98.3 69.8 54.7 15.6 369.9 98.9 69.7 54.2 25.6 350.7 153.7 102.0 89.6 26.8 374.9 160.3 107.4 92.9 2 5.1 343.3 150.5 97.6 86.3 18.2 24.4 7.4 35-4 85.O 18.2 24.2 7.4 36.2 85.4 18.5 23.0 7.2 35.6 83.3 60.7 76.1 25.7 83.1 207.0 61.0 76.0 25.5 83.6 209.3 60.9 73.5 25.8 79.4 206.8 93.9 110.7 4 1.7 118 .9 232.5 98.3 115.2 43.6 123.3 247.1 91.0 108.4 40.7 116 .9 228.3 Michigan... y............... Minnesota.it............... Mississippi................ Missouri................. Montana.................... 67.0 40.4 9.3 60.0 5.2 67.2 40.3 9.3 60.0 5.2 66.2 39.2 9.0 59.5 5.0 202.5 106.9 36.1 147.9 18.6 204.1 108.4 36.4 147.7 19.4 204.3 98.0 34.9 148.7 18.4 246.2 122.9 71.0 150.5 29.7 256.7 132.3 73.9 162.0 31.3 236.8 122.2 67.2 144.7 28.8 Nebraska................... Nevada..................... New Hampshire.............. New Jersey................. 18 .9 1.9 5.4 6 1.8 5.9 18.8 1.9 5.4 62.7 5.8 18.4 1 .8 5.3 62.3 5.5 43.9 15.9 17.9 172.9 22.2 44.2 16.0 17.7 175.4 22.5 43.3 15.8 17.7 170.0 2 2 .1 66.5 13.2 20.3 197.1 44.7 70.6 13.7 21.4 204.4 46.4 64.4 12.8 19.5 191.7 42.9 New York.i/... ............ North Carolina .i/........... North Dakota.i/7............ Ohio.i/.................... Oklahoma................... 421.2 29.4 4.8 94.0 20.1 421.7 29.2 4.8 93.8 19.6 416.1 28.0 4.5 92.3 19.5 782.0 90.5 14.3 269.6 55.5 790.4 90.8 14.4 271.8 57.2 775.0 89.9 13.7 269.5 56.9 733-9 131.5 25.8 334.3 114.7 778.9 136.9 26.5 352.1 118.3 714.7 127.5 25.6 325.8 112.1 Oregon..................... Pennsylvania................ Rhode Island.i/............. South Carolina............. South Dakota............... 17.0 129.1 12.1 12.7 4.8 17.3 129.7 12.2 12.7 4.9 16.8 126.8 11.5 12.4 4.9 50.4 364.4 28.0 39.6 15.3 51.2 365.2 28.0 39.7 15.5 49.7 364.7 27.1 40.2 14 .7 74.3 392.1 34.7 77.9 29.4 77.3 412.8 36.1 80.3 29.8 71.2 383.9 33.6 75.2 29.7 Tennessee.i/............... Texas.i/................... Utah... y.................. Vermont .i/ y................ Virginia.!/................ 28.5 98.3 7.9 3.1 34.7 28.6 98.7 8.0 3 .1 3 5 .1 27.8 96.2 7.5 3.0 33.6 86.9 258.7 22.5 12.0 88.5 86.8 262.0 22.7 11.9 88.4 8 5 .1 254.6 2 1.7 1 1 .6 86.4 126.3 332.3 52.8 16.2 165.5 133.1 346.8 53.9 17.1 172.3 121.5 322.6 53.6 15 .8 163.9 West Virginia.i/............ Wisconsin.i/............... Wyoming.................... 29.5 11.4 37.7 2.2 29.7 11.4 37.6 2.2 28.5 11.2 36.3 2.1 78.8 41.2 106.8 10.2 80.9 42.2 105.9 9-5 77.6 41.3 104.5 9.6 148.3 61.0 125.6 16.8 153.5 64.1 131.9 17.6 145.2 58.3 120.3 1 6 .1 - - l/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 2/ Mining combined with construction. 3/ Mining combined with service. 4/ Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia portions of the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area included in data for District of Columbia. 5/ Beginning with July 1954, approximately 1,200 Howard University and Gallaudet College employees are excluded from Federal Government employment and included in service. 14 Arej[mpk'\ment Tab!* A -8 : Emptoyees !n nonagricuttura! estabiishments for setected areas, by industry division (In thousands) Area and industry division - ALABAMA Birmingham Total................ Mining............... Contract construction... Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance Service Government............ Mobile Total................ Contract construction... Manufacturing......... Trans, andpub. util.... Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/............ Government............ ARIZONA Phoenix Total................ Mining...... ......... Contract construction... Manufacturing......... Trans, andpub. util.... Fin&nce Service.............. Tucson Total................ Mining................ Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance.............. Government............ Number of employees 1 954 1953 Jan. Dec. Jan. Area and industry division Number of employees 1954 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. Los Angeles 186.3 10.3 10.7 59.8 16.2 43.1 11.1 18.5 16.7 190.0 10.3 1 1 .1 59.5 16.3 46.0 ll.l 18 .7 17.3 77-9 3.8 15.7 10.7 17.2 2.5 8 .1 20.0 80.5 3.9 17.0 10.8 18.3 2.5 8 .1 20.0 78.4 4.1 16 .1 11.0 17.2 2.5 8.3 19.4 10 2.1 .1 8.9 16.3 9.1 29.4 5.4 13 .8 18 .9 10 3.1 .1 9.1 16.2 9-1 30.5 5-2 13.5 19 .2 98.2 .2 8.9 14.9 9.1 28.8 4.9 13.4 18.0 42.1 42.5 1.7 2.7 5.8 4.9 10.6 1.5 6 .7 8.6 42.2 1.7 3.7 4.8 5.3 10.2 1.4 6.8 8.3 1.7 2.6 5.8 4.9 10.2 1.4 6.9 8.6 Scrvi cc Government............ (3/) (2 /) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) 1 ,896.5 14.7 107.3 645.4 12 3 .1 447.4 84.5 256.7 217.4 1,835.9 15.6 1 1 1 .1 635.7 123.8 4 11.3 81.9 252.0 204.5 Sacramento Manufacturing......... 9-9 10.0 9.7 25.4 25.0 26.8 (3/) a/) a/) a/) a/ (3/) (3/) ?3/) (3/) 180.5 .2 9.4 45.6 10.5 43.9 6 .1 23.0 41.8 182.9 .2 11.0 48.6 10 .7 41.6 6.0 24.1 40.7 (3/) a/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) 877.5 1.5 5 6 .1 175.1 97.1 2 13 .1 55.0 110 .1 169.5 860.9 1.4 51.2 179.7 99.8 200.5 . 54.2 106.4 167.7 22.8 23.6 22.8 9.5 10.4 10.1 227.3 1.5 13.7 40.4 25.5 64.3 12.5 30.7 38.7 235.6 1.5 14.7 40.9 26.1 68.8 12.6 30.6 4o.4 227.0 1.5 14.2 41.5 26.2 63.4 12.1 30.8 37.3 112.5 4.4 64.0 5.6 117.2 5.0 64.6 5.7 118.8 4.3 70.6 5.7 (3/) 191.7 12.5 9.1 64.8 16.7 43.1 10.3 18.9 16.3 (3/) Contract construction... Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.... San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario San Diego Mining............... Contract construction... Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.... Service Government * ............ San Francisco-Oakland Contract construction... Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance.............. Service.............. San Jose Manufacturing......... Stockton COLORADO Denver ARKANSAS Little RockN. Little Rock 2/ Total................ Contract construction... Trans, a ndpub. util.... Finance................. Service l/............ Government............ CALIFORNIA Fresno Manufacturing......... See footnotes at end of table. 335452 0 - 4 Contract construction... 6 7 .1 6.2 1 1 .3 7^6 16.8 4.1 9.2 12.0 12.6 69 .1 5.2 1 1 .8 7^9 18 .7 4.2 9.1 12.3 13 .6 6 7.1 4.0 12.8 8 .1 17.0 4 .1 9.4 11.8 11 .8 Trans, and pub. util.... CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Contract construction l/ Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.... Atw i Lniplo\t!n.'nt Tabte A -8 : Emptoyees in nonagricutturat estabtishments for setected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees 1954 1233. Jan. Dec. Jan. CONNECTICUT - Continued Bridgeport - Continued Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 18.9 2.6 9-5 7.3 20.9 2.6 9.7 8.7 19.1 2.6 9.5 7.2 Hartford Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 194.5 7.8 74.5 7.5 40.6 26.7 19.9 17.4 202.3 8.8 74.9 7.6 44.1 26.9 20.5 19.3 199.6 7.9 80.6 7.6 40.3 26.8 19.7 16.8 4o.6 43.7 1.0 29.7 2.0 5.4 .7 2.7 2.2 Nev Britain Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 2 6 .1 2.0 5.5 .7 2.8 2.3 41.4 1.2 25.9 2.0 6.3 .7 2.8 2.4 "ev Haven 'Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturi n g .......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 117.0 4.8 46.7 11.5 22.4 5.9 16.9 8.8 121.9 5.6 46.9 H.7 24.0 6 .1 17.4 10.3 118 .6 4.9 47.8 1 1 .8 22.4 5.8 17.3 8.6 Stamford Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 46.3 2.8 20.4 2.6 8.8 1 .6 6 .7 3.4 48.7 3.2 20.8 2.6 9.7 1.6 7.1 3.7 48.1 2.8 22.3 2.5 8.9 1 .6 6.7 3.4 Waterbury Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 65.7 1 .6 4 1.7 2.6 9.4 1.3 4.2 4.7 68.5 1.9 42.7 2.7 10.5 1.3 4.2 5.2 69.9 1 .6 46.2 2.6 9.4 1.3 4.2 4.6 52.5 51.7 54.0 DELAWARE Wilmington Manufacturing.......... See footnotes at end of table. 16 l.l Area and industry division Number of employees 1924. ...M55 Jan. Dec. Jan. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington Total................ Contract construction, Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/ 4/...... Government ....... . 605.9 36.1 25.6 41.1 124.2 30.7 85.4 262.8 624.9 38.1 25.9 41.7 135.3 30.8 85.7 267.4 603.9 3 1.8 26.0 42.8 12 5 .1 30.7 82.6 264.9 FLORIDA Jacksonville Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance............... Service l/ .......... Government.......... . 115.2 8.9 18.3 15.1 34.1 9.0 13.4 16.5 118.2 9.2 19.0 15 .6 35-3 9.0 13.4 16 .9 112 .8 9.1 18 . 14, 33. 8. 13. 16 . Miami Total................ Contract construction, Manufacturing....... . Trans, and pub. util., Trade................ Finance............... Service l/........... Government.......... . 234.6 23.2 29.1 30.9 72.9 12.3 47.2 19.0 230.2 24.5 28.5 28.8 71.8 12.3 44.9 19 .6 2 18 .1 20.3 25.0 27.5 68.2 11.7 4 7 .1 18.4 Tampa-St. Petersburg Total................ Contract construction Manufacturi ng....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/.......... Government.......... 131.9 12.9 24.2 11.3 44.1 6.2 18.4 15.0 134.0 12.9 25.0 1 1 .2 45.8 6.2 17.3 15.7 130.9 13.2 25.2 10.8 42.9 5.9 18 .7 14.3 GEORGIA Atlanta Total................ . Contract construction. Manufacturi ng ........ Trans, and pub. util., Trade................. Finance............... Service ........... Government........... 301.2 17.4 81.4 31.3 79.6 20.0 37.7 33.8 309.3 1 8 .1 81.4 31.2 85.4 20.1 38.0 35.1 299.0 14 .7 79-6 32.O 80.9 20.4 37.5 33.9 Savannah Total................ Contract construction Manufactur ing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government.......... 50.0 2.9 14.0 6.6 12 .6 1 .6 6 .1 6.2 512, 14, 6. 13. 1.6 6 .1 6.3 50.1 3.6 14.1 6.5 12.6 1.4 5.8 6 .1 Af e j f Tab!# A-8: Emptovwes !n nonagricuttura) Mfabtishmenf:. for seiected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees 1954 1955 . Jan. Dec. Jan. IDAHO Boise Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. . Finance............... Service............... Government............ 18.8 1.1 1.5 2.2 5.9 1.2 2.9 4.0 ILLINOIS Chicago Total.................. Mining................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service............... Government............ (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/0 (3/) (3/) INDIANA Evansville Total................. Manufacturing........ Nonmanufacturing..... 19.6 1.3 1.5 2.2 6.4 1.2 2.9 4.1 2,508.3 3.9 103.1 975.9 213.8 545.6 136.1 282.3 247.6 19.0 1.3 1.6 2.3 5.9 1.2 2.8 3.9 2,487.5 4.0 95.8 1,018.3 215.4 517.6 134.2 277.7 224.5 64.9 30.6 34.3 68.0 32.5 35.5 70.3 35.8 34.5 Fort Wayne Total................. Manufacturing........ Nonmanufacturing..... . 71-5 33.7 37.8 72.3 33.4 38.9 75.9 37.0 38.9 Indianapolis Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Other nonmanufacturing 266.9 8.2 102.3 20.1 63.2 15-3 57.8 272.3 8.4 102.0 20.3 66.5 15.4 59.7 276.6 8 .1 105.7 23.6 66.2 1 5 .1 57.9 South Bend Total................. Manufacturing........ Trade................. Other nonmanufacturing 84.4 44.9 15.4 24.1 84.8 43.7 16.6 24.5 87.9 49.8 15.4 22.7 IOWA Des Moines Total................. Contract construction. Manufactur in g........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service l/........... Government............ 43.5 .1 93.0 4.4 22.5 7.6 25.8 9.8 11.5 11.7 44.9 .2 88.8 3.7 21.3 7.6 24.6 9.5 11 .2 1 1 .1 43.8 .1 Number of employees lw r 1255 Jan. Dec. Jan. Topeka - Continued Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade.............. Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 2.4 5.7 7.1 9-1 2.2 5.2 11.7 2.6 5-9 7.2 9-8 2.3 5.3 11 .8 2. 57. 9. 2. 5-2 11.7 Wichita Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufactur ing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade.............. Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 118.8 1-3 6.4 54.8 7.6 24.0 4.7 11 .2 9.0 122.0 1.3 6.4 55.5 7.6 25.7 4.8 11 .2 9.6 112.7 1.3 5.5 50.5 7-6 23.9 4.3 10.9 9.0 (3/) 18.4 12 .9 2.2 19.6 11 .6 2.0 266.4 4.8 16 .9 50.7 42.8 69.8 11.8 35.1 34.6 268.5 4.4 18.8 55.6 43.9 66.1 1 1 .6 34.8 33-3 LOUISIANA Baton Rouge Manufacturing. Trade....... Finance....... Nev Orleans Total.............. Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) MAINE Lewiston 2/ Total............... Contract construction. Manufacturing...... . Trans, and pub. util.. Trade.............. Finance............ . Service l/......... . Government.......... 27.3 1.0 15.1 1 .1 5.0 .7 3.4 1.0 27.8 1.2 14.9 l.l 5.5 .6 3.4 1 .1 27.3 1.0 15.3 1 .1 4.9 .6 3.4 1.0 Portland 2/ Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service l/......... Government......... 50.2 3.2 12.3 6 .1 14.4 3.2 7.6 3.4 52.5 3.8 13.1 6 .1 15.1 3.2 7.7 3.5 50.3 2.6 13.3 5.9 14.3 3.1 7.7 3.4 MARYLAND Baltimore Total.............. Mining............. Contract construction 539.5 .8 33.6 558.3 .8 35.1 O co KANSAS Topeka Total................. Mining................ 90.6 3.6 22.8 7.5 24.6 9.7 11.5 11.1 Age*, and industry division 551. 33.9 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Tab!* A-8: Emptoyees in nonagricuitura) estabtishments for seiected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees Jan. MARYLAND - Continued Baltimore - Continued Manufactur ing....... Trans, and pub. util, Trade................ Finance............. Service............. Government.......... MASSACHUSETTS Boston Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/ ............. Government............. Fell River Total................. Manufacturing........ Trans, andpub. util.. Trade................. Government........... Other nonmanufacturing 1954 1955 I83.8 54.5 113.1 27.3 59.5 66.9 Dec. 184.0 56 .1 123.2 28.0 60.0 71.1 194.5 58.7 112.9 27.6 57.0 65.6 933.8 36.4 274.3 78.4 220.2 64.3 126.7 133.5 974.9 39.9 278.0 78.2 239.7 64.6 127.7 146.8 950.5 35.5 291.8 79.1 224.2 63.O 125.5 131.4 46.9 27.4 2.4 7.8 4.9 4.4 47.8 26.8 2.5 8.7 5.2 4.6 49.0 29.3 2.3 8.3 4.7 4.4 48.5 50.2 28.5 2 .1 8.4 4.8 5.3 157.1 3.8 71.3 8.6 31.2 6.2 14 .9 2 1 .1 Nev Bedford Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, a n dpub. util... Trade.................. Government............. Other nonmanufacturing. 26.7 2.2 8.3 5.0 5.2 49.9 1.3 26.4 2.2 9.1 5.5 5.4 Springfield-Holyoke Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, a ndpub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. 150.8 4.5 66.9 8.5 29.8 6.3 14.8 20.0 155.6 5.0 67.3 8.6 32.1 6.4 15 .2 21.0 Worcester Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, andp u b . util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service l/............ Government........... Jan. l.l 1.1 98.4 2.8 45.0 5.1 20.7 4.0 9.6 1 1 .2 100.9 3.1 45.1 5.2 2 1.9 4.0 9.6 12.0 103.2 3.2 49 .1 5.3 2 1 .1 4.1 9.6 10.8 MICHIGAN Detroit Manufactur ing. 638.4 625.7 643.2 Flint Manufacturing. 84.0 82.8 78.6 See footnotes at end of table. 18 Area and industry division Number of employees 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. Grand Rapids Manufacturi ng 55.0 55.4 57.1 Lansing Manufacturing 31.0 29.9 31.4 Muskegon Manufacturing 26.4 25.7 25.8 Saginaw Manufacturing 27.2 27.2 28.5 MINNESOTA Duluth Total................ Contract construction, Manufacturing....... . Trans, andpub. util., Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/ ........... Government........... 39.3 2.2 8.9 5.6 10 .7 1.8 6.1 4.0 40.7 2.6 8.9 5.8 11.2 1.8 6 .1 4.3 40.8 2.0 9.5 6.2 11.1 1.8 6.0 4.3 Minneapolis Total................ . Contract construction, Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util., Trade................. Finance............... Service l/ ........... Government............ 261.7 H.5 6 7 .1 27.6 75.9 20.8 33.0 2 5.7 273.4 13.4 68.5 28.2 8 1 .1 20.7 33.1 28.4 264.5 11.7 73.1 28.7 74.1 19 .6 33.1 24.2 St. Paul Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util., Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/...... . .. Government........... 146.9 7.2 41.0 20.8 33.5 10.3 17.9 16.3 151.3 7.7 41.8 2 1 .1 35.1 10.3 17.9 17.4 149.7 7.1 42.7 21.5 34.5 10.2 17.4 16.2 9.4 9.2 8.7 (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3 /) 364.9 .9 18.9 108.1 45.2 99.2 20.2 39.6 32.8 369.9 .7 20.0 115.6 46.6 96.1 20.6 4o.o 30.3 260.6 258.9 286.4 MISSISSIPPI Jackson Manufacturing....... MISSOURI Kansas City Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturi n g ....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... St. Louis Manufactur ing....... Tab)* A-S: Emptoyees !n nonagricu!tura) estabiishments, for setected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees 1955 Jan. 1954 Dec. Jan. MONTANA Great Falls Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Service 5/......... 2.7 2.3 5.7 3-4 2 .7 2.4 6.2 3.4 2.7 2.5 5.6 3.3 NEBRASKA Omaha Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service l/......... Government......... 140.9 6.7 30.8 2 2.2 36.4 11.0 19.1 14.8 145.0 7.8 31.4 22.6 38.2 11.0 19.2 15.0 142.7 7.9 30.7 22.9 37.3 10.9 18.7 14.5 2 1.9 22.9 21.2 NEVADA Reno Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing l/.... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... 1.6 2. 0 3.2 5.7 .9 5.0 3.5 2. 0 1.6 2.1 3-3 6 .1 1.8 3.1 5.3 .8 5.1 3.5 .8 5.1 3-5 A^ea and industry division Number of employees l?54 1.955 Jan. Dec. Jan. 200.4 5.5 75.2 16 .1 39.1 36.9 27.6 207.4 6.6 75.8 16.6 42.2 38.3 27-9 214.2 6.0 85.5 17.3 39.3 38.6 27.6 74.9 2.6 40.4 4.0 13.6 14.4 76.9 2.6 40.7 4.0 14.8 14.8 76.2 2.1 42.1 4.1 13.6 14.2 425.2 15.1 199.8 36.5 82.5 13.2 45.1 33.0 436.9 17.0 199.3 38.1 88.5 13.4 45.5 35.1 442.5 16 .1 212.8 38.0 84.7 13.1 44.9 32.9 Total.................. Manufacturing......... Trade.................. Other nonmanufacturing. 32.0 16.5 6.2 9.2 33.1 16.8 6.8 9-5 33.1 17.3 6.4 9.4 Nassau and Suffolk Counties 2/ 6/ Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Service 5/ ............. 2 5 .1 98.2 20.1 58.5 38.5 27.3 99.5 20.3 62.3 38.9 23.5 106.3 19.6 53.9 37.5 Nev York-Northeastern Nev Jersey 2/ Manufacturing......... ,690.7 1 .728.5 1,751.9 Nev York City 2/ 6/ Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction.. Manufacturi n g ......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. ,468.5 1 .6 95.2 948.7 316.9 800.4 345.7 555.6 404.3 3,602.8 1.7 99.7 978.0 320.7 861.6 346.0 559.7 435.3 3,487.0 1.8 94.6 960.0 322.6 8 11.9 341.6 554.9 399.6 Rochester 2/ Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... 210.4 8.2 11 0 .1 9.5 217.3 8.8 1 1 1 .1 9.7 215.9 7.5 116.9 10.3 NEW YORK Albany-S chene ctadyTroy 2/ Total............... Contract construction.. Manufacturing........ Trans, andpub. util... Trade............... Government........... Other nonmanufacturing. Binghamton 2/ Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Other nonmanufacturing Buffalo 2/ Total............... Contract construction.. Manufactur ing........ Trans, and pub. util... Trade............... Finance............. Service l/........... Government........... Elmira 2/ NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... 39-9 1.4 19.6 2.5 7.5 1.9 4.2 2.7 40.7 1.6 19.4 2. 8. 1. 4. 3- 40.0 1.4 20.0 2.5 7.4 1.9 4.1 2.7 NEW JERSEY Newark-Jersey City 6/ Manufacturing...... 340.3 344.1 368.2 Paterson 6/ Manufacturing...... 166.8 16 7 .1 174.8 Perth Amboy 6/ Manufacturing...... 79.0 79.9 82.7 Trenton Manufacturing...... 37.9 38.0 40.6 NEW MEXICO Albuquerque Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service l/......... Government......... 54.9 4.6 9-5 4.8 14.5 3.4 7-3 10.8 56.6 5.1 9.4 4.9 15.4 3.4 7.3 ll.l 51.8 3.9 8.5 5-1 13.7 3-0 7.1 10.5 S*e footnotes at *nd of table. 12- Arcj implement Tab)# A-S: Emptoyees !n nonagricuttura! estabtishments for setected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees NEW YORK - Continued Rochester 2/ - Continued Trade....7............ Finance.............. Other nonmanufacturing.. Syracuse 2/ Total.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade.............. Other nonmanufacturing Utica-Rome 2/ Total............... Contract construction.. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util... Trade............... Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Westchester County 2/ 6/ Manufactur ing......... WORTH CAROLINA Charlotte Total................ Contract construction.., Manufacturing........ . Trans, and pub. util..., Trade............... Finance............... Service l/........... . Government........... . Greensboro-High Point 2/ Manufacturing......... Rale igh-Durham 2/ Manufacturing.... Winston-Salem 2/ Manufacturing... Jan. OHIO Cincinnati 2/ Manufacturi ng..... Cleveland 2/ Manufacturing..... See footnotes at end of table. Dec. 37.8 6.3 38.5 40.7 6.3 40.8 135.8 5.0 56.3 9.7 30.0 34.8 140.4 90.7 1.8 39.7 5.2 15.2 3.0 6.2 56.0 9.7 32.7 35.8 93.8 2.3 4o.6 5.3 16.4 3.0 8.1 8.0 17.5 18 .2 46.6 48.8 Jan. 37.9 6.2 37.2 142.8 5.6 62.7 10.6 29.6 34.3 952 2.3 44.5 5.6 15.4 3.0 7.7 16 .7 49 .1 84.7 5.2 21.4 9.6 2 6 .1 5.4 82.9 5.6 2 1.5 9.7 24.5 5.2 10.0 10.1 10.0 6.7 6.9 6.4 82.5 5.0 21.2 9.7 24.4 5.5 40.6 19 .2 33.2 NORTH DAKOTA Fargo Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util Trade............. Finance........... Service........... Government........ 20 1954 .1 2 5 . 40.7 20.5 32.4 2.3 2.3 7.9 1.4 2 .1 2.3 7.5 1.3 2.8 2.9 3.0 295-1 19.5 34.5 2.8 155.5 39.3 157.0 295.7 162.7 321.8 Area and industry division Number of employees 1954 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. 134.1 7.3 7.5 15.1 137.7 7.4 8 .1 15.3 10 .9 39.1 7.5 16.4 33.1 133.7 7.4 7.8 15.0 10 .9 36.1 7.4 16 .6 32.6 118 .6 1 2 .1 7.4 2 9 .1 12 .8 31.3 5.5 13 .8 6.7 116.0 12.2 239.8 12.4 30.3 31.8 29.5 64.4 12 .7 30.6 33.4 229.9 10.5 55.5 2 9 .1 60.7 12.3 30.5 31.3 PENNSYLVANIA Allentovn-BethlehemEaston Manufacturi ng...... 91.6 92.9 98.2 Erie Manufacturing...... 37.6 37.7 42.8 128.0 .5 5 30. 14, 23 5 11. 38. 129.9 .5 6. 29. 14. 23. 511. 38.8 1 3 1 .1 Lancaster Manufacturing...... 43.2 43.5 44.1 Philadelphia Manufactur ing...... 549.2 552.6 586.8 Pittsburgh Mining............. Manufacturing 2/... Trans, and pub. util. Finance............ 2 1.5 308.4 66.3 27.6 21.4 3 12 .1 66.9 346.5 OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City Total.............. Mining............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... Tulsa Total.............. Mining............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... OREGON Portland Total.............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service 3/......... Government......... Harrisburg Total.............. Mining......... . Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... 10.8 37.0 7.5 16.4 32.5 117.0 12.0 7.1 29.6 12.9 29.7 5.5 13.9 6.3 231.1 11.7 55.1 29.2 60.4 12.6 56.8 27.7 6.8 31.1 12.5 28.5 5.3 13.7 6 .1 .6 4.7 33.6 15 .0 22.8 5.0 1 1 .6 37.8 27.0 70.1 27.6 Tab!# A-S: Emptoyee! in nonagricuitura! Mtabiishment!, for Mtected area*, by industry division - Continued (In thouaanda) Area and industry division Number of employees JLga_ Jan. Dec. Jan. PENNSYLVANIA - Continued Reading Manufacturing....... 49.6 49.9 5 2 .1 Scranton Manufacturing....... . 30.2 30.3 31.5 Wilke8-Barre— Hazleton Manufacturing........ 36.3 37.2 36.8 York Manufacturing....... 42.6 44.0 47.3 RHODE ISLAND Providence Total.............. Contract conatruction. Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service l/.......... Government.......... 281.7 13-3 135.0 14.0 51.0 1 1 .7 25.9 30.8 290.7 14.7 136.5 14.0 55.7 11.8 25.9 32.1 278.7 10.8 13 8 .1 14.3 50.0 1 1 .2 2 5 .1 29.2 SOUTH CAROLINA Charleaton Total............... Contract conatruction. Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade.............. Finance............. Service l/.......... Government.......... 48.7 3.3 9.6 4.0 10.9 1.4 4.3 15.4 49.5 3.2 9.4 4.1 1 1 .6 1.4 4.4 15.5 50.0 4.0 9-3 4.3 11.5 1.3 4.4 15.4 Greenville Manufacturing....... 2 9.1 29.2 29.3 5.3 2.0 7.4 1.1 4.6 5.4 5.2 2.0 7.0 1-3 4.6 SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service 7/.......... TENNESSEE Chattanooga Total.............. Mining.............. Contract conatruction. Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade.............. Finance............. Service............. Government.......... Knoxville Total............... Mining.............. Contract conatruction. Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. 9 1.6 .1 4.8 42.1 5.4 17.4 3.9 9-5 8.6 1 1 9 .1 1.8 12 .5 44.2 7.4 2 .0 7.5 1.3 4.7 92.8 .1 4.9 42. 5. 18 . 398.9 124.8 1.8 13.8 44.4 7.5 92.0 .1 3435. 17. 39.2 8.7 H7.5 2.0 12.5 44.0 7.7 A^ea and industry division Number of employees SSI APR Jan. Dec. Jan. Knoxville - Continued Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... 25.1 2.5 11.4 14.3 28.7 2.5 11.4 14.9 23.3 2.4 10.9 14.8 Menphia Total.............. Mining.............. Contract conatruction. Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 163.6 .3 9.0 42.1 14 .7 47.5 7.6 2 1 .1 2 1.5 169.3 .3 9-9 42.6 15.0 51.3 7.6 21.4 21.5 168.6 .3 8.7 43.8 16.3 49.5 7.3 21.5 21.4 123.6 3 6 .1 12.2 28.0 7.7 18.9 14.3 127.0 7.0 36.2 12.6 30.3 7.7 18.8 14.5 122.2 6.7 35.6 12.2 27.9 7.4 18.4 14.1 105.7 110 .7 Nashville Total................ Contract conatruction l/ Manufacturing......... Trana. and pub. util.... Trade................ Finance.............. Service............... Government............ UTAH Salt Lake City Total................ Mining............... Contract conatruction... Manufacturing......... Tran8. and pub. util.... Trade................ Finance............... Service............... Government............ 6.6 6 .1 16 .2 12.2 30.3 6.3 13.0 14.8 16.8 12.3 33.7 6.4 12 .9 15 .2 101.9 6.5 5.2 15 .8 12.2 29.7 5.8 12.4 14.3 VERMONT Burlington 2/ Total............... Manufacturi ng....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade.............. Service............. Other nonmanufacturing 15.5 3-6 1.3 4.3 2.9 3.3 15.9 3.8 1.4 4.5 2.8 3.5 16.7 5.5 1.3 4.3 2.4 3-1 Springfield 2/ Total............... Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade............... Service............. Other nonmanufacturing 11 6 7 2 6 1.5 .9 1 .4 11.7 7.3 1.6 .9 1.4 12.9 8.5 .6 1.5 .8 1.5 VIRGINIA Norfolk-Portamouth Total............... Mining.............. Contract conatruction. Manufacturing 2/.... Trana. and pub. util.. Trade.............. 142.8 .2 10.4 14 .9 14 .9 36.2 146.6 .2 1 1 .0 14 .9 15.0 38.6 146.1 .2 10.4 14 .9 15.4 37.3 6.8 6.6 6.8 .6 See footnotes at end of table. 21 A r ej E mp l o\ ! i i e n t Tab)# A-S: Emptoyees in nonagricuttura! estabtishment: for setected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division VIRGINIA - Continued Norfolk-Portsmouth - Con Finance................ Service................ Government............. Richmond Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ . Service................ Government............. Number of employees 1954 Jan. Dec. Jan. 4.8 14.8 46.6 146.1 .4 10.8 36.7 14 .9 35.6 n .8 1 6 .1 19 .8 4.9 14.8 47.2 15 1.0 .4 ll.l 36.7 15 .0 39.1 1 1 .8 1 6 .1 20.8 4.8 14.5 48.6 146.0 .4 8.8 38 .1 14 .9 36.8 1 1 .2 16.2 19 .6 WASHINGTON Seattle Total................... Contract construction..< Manufacturing......... . Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service l/............. Government............. 275.9 12 .3 77.1 25.8 68.2 16 .6 33.9 42.0 286.0 12 .7 77.2 26.0 74.3 16 .7 34.8 44.3 268.6 10.2 75.6 25.2 Spokane Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util..., Trade.................. . Finance................ . Service l / ............., Government.............. 67.5 3.2 13.5 7.5 19.1 3.6 11.1 9.5 70.3 3.9 13 .8 7.6 20.5 3.7 ll.l 9-7 64.8 2.9 12.4 Tacoma Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. * l/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 69.O 3.4 16.8 6.3 14.6 7 1.2 3.4 16.8 6.4 15.7 67.6 16.0 33.8 40.2 8.0 18.3 3.4 10.6 9.2 67.7 3-3 16.0 6.6 14.5 Area and industry division Tacoma - Continued Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Total................ . Mining................ Contract construction. Manuf actur ing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government * ......... Wheeling-Steubenville Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government.......... Number of employees 1954 Jan. Jan. Dec. 2.6 7.4 17.9 86.9 10.8 3.5 24.3 10. 17. 2. 8. 9108.8 5.5 3.3 52.5 9.2 19.4 2.8 9.4 2.6 7.8 18.5 2.5 7.4 17.4 89.3 10 .9 3.4 24.4 10.4 19 .2 2.6 94.4 14.8 4.5 27.0 10.3 17.7 2.7 8.7 9.8 8.9 110.3 5.4 3.4 52.7 9.1 20.4 2.8 8.8 108.8 6 .1 3-0 52.9 9.3 19 .2 2 .7 9.2 6.8 9-4 7-3 WISCONSIN Milwaukee 2/ Manufacturing....... 174.7 174.2 186.4 Racine 2/ Manufacturing....... 22.5 22.4 22.6 2.4 .9 1.9 1.7 3.7 .4 1 .8 2.9 .9 1.9 1.7 3.6 .5 1.8 3-1 WYCMING Casper Mining............... , Contract construction, Manufacturing....... . Trans, and pub. util., Trade................ . Finance.............. . Service............... 6.6 .8 1.9 1.8 3.5 .4 1.6 Does not conform with definition used for national series as shown in Glossary, Includes mining. Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. Not available. Beginning with July 1954, approximately 1,200 Howard University and Gallaudet College employees are excluded from Federal Government employment and included in service. 5/ Includes mining and finance. <5/ Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey. 7/ Includes mining and government. 22 Libor !umo\et Tabte B-lt M onthty tabor turnover rates in m anufacturing, b y ctass o f turnover (Par 100 employees) Jan. Feb. MAT. Apr. 1943..... 1949..... 1950..... 1951..... 1952..... 1953..... 1954..... 1955..... 4.3 4.6 3.1 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.0 4.7 4.1 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.5 4.5 4.8 2.9 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 4.7 4.8 2.8 4.6 4.1 4.3 3.8 4.3 5.2 3.1 4.8 3.9 4.4 3.3 1948..... 1949..... 1950..... 1951..... 1952..... 1953..... 1954..... 1955..... 2.6 1.7 1.1 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.1 1.0 2.5 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.0 2.8 1.6 1.2 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.0 3.0 1.7 1.3 2.7 2.2 2.7 1.1 2.8 1.6 1.6 2.8 2.2 2.7 1.0 2.9 1.5 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.6 1.1 1948..... 1949..... 1950..... 1951..... 1952..... 1953..... 1954..... 1955..... 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .2 .4 .3 .4 .2 0.3 .2 .3 .4 .3 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .4 .3 .4 .2 1948..... 1949..... 1950..... 1951..... 1952 ....... 1953..... 1954..... 1955...... 1.2 2.5 1.7 1.0 1.4 .9 2.8 1.6 1.7 2.3 1.7 .8 1.3 .8 2.2 1.2 2.8 1.4 .8 1.1 .8 2.3 1.2 2.8 1.2 1.0 1.3 .9 2.4 l.l 3.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.9 1.1 2.5 .9 1.0 1.1 .9 1.7 1948..... 1949..... 1950..... 1951..... 1952..... 1953..... 1954..... 1955..... 0.1 .1 .1 .7 .4 .4 .3 .3 0.1 .1 .1 .6 .4 .4 .2 0.1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .3 .2 ' 0.1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .3 .2 1948..... 1949..... 1950..... 1951..... 1952..... 1953..... 1954..... 1955..... 4.6 3.2 3.6 5.2 4.4 4.4 2.8 3-5 3.9 2.9 3.2 4.5 3.9 4.2 2.5 4.0 3.0 3.6 4.6 3.9 4.4 2.8 4.0 2.9 3.5 4.5 3.7 4.3 2.4 Year May June aver age Year 4.3 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.4 4.0 3.0 4.6 4.3 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.5 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 2.2 1.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.7 .9 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.1 .9 2.8 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 1.1 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.4 .2 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .2 0.3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1.2 2.3 .8 1.4 .7 1.8 1.6 1955 1.4 2.5 1.1 1.7 .7 2.3 1.6 2.2 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.5 1.7 1.3 2.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1-9 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 0.1 .1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 0.1 .1 .3 .4 .3 .3 .1 0.1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .2 .5 .3 .3 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 4.5 3.7 5.2 4.4 5.2 3.3 3.6 3.9 3.3 4.0 3.9 4.0 2.7 3.3 2.7 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.3 2.1 2.5 4.4 3.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.0 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total separation 4.5 5.1 4.4 3.8 4.0 4.3 3.0 4.2 2.9 4.3 4.4 5.3 5.0 4.6 3.9 4.2 4.8 4.3 3.1 3.5 3.1 5.4 4.2 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.2 3.9 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.7 4.2 4.5 3.3 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.5 4.2 3.0 Quit 2.9 1.4 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.5 1.1 3.4 1.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 1.4 3.9 2.1 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.1 1.8 2.8 1.5 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.1 1.2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 0.4 .3 .4 .4 .3 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .4 .3 .4 .4 .2 1.2 1.8 .6 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.0 1.8 .7 1.3 .7 1.5 1.7 July Aug. ! Layoff 1.0 2.1 .6 1.3 2.2 1.1 1.6 Miscellaneous,, including mi]Litary 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 4.1 3.5 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 2.7 Total 5.7 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.1 3.5 accession 5.0 4.7 4.4 3.5 6.6 4.7 4.2 4.5 5.9 4.4 4.3 4.1 3.3 2.9 5.3 4.1 5.7 4.3 5.6 4.0 3.4 23 Tabte B-2: M onthty tabor turnover rates in setected groups and industries (Per 100 employees) Separation Total Quit Discharge L ayo f f industry group and industry M i s c . ,incl. military Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 accession Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 3.0 3.0 1.0 0.9 0 .2 0.2 1.6 1.7 0.3 0.2 3.5 2.5 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.8 1.0 1.1 .8 .9 .2 .2 .2 .1 1.7 1.4 1.8 1.6 .3 .3 .2 .1 3.9 2-7 2.8 2.0 ORDMAMCE AMD ACCESSOR)ES............ (1/) 2.4 (1/) .6 (1 /) .1 (1 /) 1.5 (i/) .1 (i/) 1.6 FOOD AMO KtMOREO PRODUCTS............ 4.5 5.6 1.9 4.2 4.8 5.2 2.6 3.3 .9 .7 .8 1.3 .8 .6 .7 l.l .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .5 .2 3.2 4.4 .9 2.5 3.6 4.2 1.2 1.8 .3 -3 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 3.3 4.1 2.1 1.6 2.1 3.4 1.6 1.3 4.4 2.9 .4 .3 (2/) (2 /) 3.7 2.5 .2 .1 4.0 1.4 3.8 3.1 4.7 1.7 1.7 l.l 2.1 .6 1.3 1.0 1.8 .4 .9 .9 1.0 .3 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 2.2 1.9 2.6 .8 .6 (2/) 1.2 (2 /) .2 (2 /) .2 .3 .1 .1 .1 .2 1.4 1.5 1.4 .6 .7 .6 .4 3-1 3.6 2.6 2.4 5.5 3.9 3.2 4.2 4.3 3.2 2.6 3.0 2.3 2.3 2.2 5.0 3.4 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.3 2.5 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 l.l 1.3 1.4 .9 1.6 .8 .7 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .6 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .4 .1 1.4 2.0 .9 .6 3.9 1.9 1.6 1.3 2.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 .7 .9 .7 4.0 1.9 .9 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 (2 /) .2 .3 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.7 4.9 2.7 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.5 .3 .1 .3 .2 .4 .5 .1 1.8 .1 .2 .4 3.2 2.0 1.8 2.3 3.0 2.3 2.2 4.2 1.7 1.2 2.3 1.2 2.3 1.7 3.1 2.7 2.9 2.1 2.0 1.8 l.l .1 .1 .1 .1 .9 .6 1.0 .7 .1 .2 .1 .2 3.6 4.1 3.0 7.1 3.6 3.1 2.2 1.8 .1 .1 1.2 1.2 .1 (2/) 3.8 1.7 4.2 9-9 3.3 6.0 15.7 4.6 1.1 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.5 .3 .3 .4 .3 .5 .2 2.4 7.7 1.5 4.1 13.1 2.8 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 4.1 5-3 3.9 2.3 2.8 2.1 2.0 1.7 .7 l.o .1 .1 .8 .4 .4 .2 2.6 1.6 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 2.0 2.3 1.6 1.8 1.2 .2 .2 .4 .1 .1 .2 3.4 3.4 3.3 2.4 2.4 .2 .1 .3 .2 .1 .9 1.0 .6 .2 .6 2.1 1.3 1.3 .3 1.7 ^9 ..................... Duret/e Coods.................... Coods.................. Beverages: TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................ Tobacco and snuff....................... TEXTtLE-MtLL PRODUCTS............... Dyeing and finishing textiles......... Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.. APPAREL AMD OTHER FtHtSHED TEXTtLE PRODUCTS.......................... Men's and boys' Men's and boys' suits and coats....... furnishings and LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURN!TURE)........................ Sawmills and planing mills ........... . Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated structural wood products...*......... FURN!TURE AND FtXTURES.............. PAPER AND ALL!ED PRODUCTS........... Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills..... Paperboard containers and boxes....... 34 3.8 4.2 2.9 2.3 1.6 3.6 3.0 3.3 2.4 2.3 1.5 2.7 l.l 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 .7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 l.o .6 1.7 .9 1.0 .8 .9 .9 1.3 1.3 .6 .6 1.1 l.l .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 l.l 2.5 2.0 2.3 1.0 1.3 Libor tutno^f Tabte B-2: M onthty tabor turnover rates in setected groups and industries - Continued (Per 100 employees) Separation Total Quit Discharge industry group and industry Layo f f Mis c . ,incl. military accession Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Dec. 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 1955 1954 l.l 0.6 .8 0.4 .6 0.1 .1 0.4 .8 0.2 0.1 .9 1.3 1.3 .3 .2 .8 .8 .3 .2 0.5 .6 .4 (s/) (2/) .4 .5 .4 (2/) (2/) .1 .2 .2 and fillers......... 1.4 1.8 1.0 .8 1.2 1.8 .5 3 .5 .5 .7 .3 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.1 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL....... 1.0 1.4 .7 .7 .3 .2 .3 Petroleum refining..................... (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .7 .4 .3 RUBBER PRODUCTS..................... 2.1 1.7 .8 .6 1.0 .8 l.l .7 1.6 .8 .5 1.3 .6 .6 .4 Other rubber products.................. 1.5 3.1 2.5 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 2.8 2.4 2.2 3.4 2.4 2.0 1.8 2.8 1.5 .6 3.7 1.5 4.0 3.3 1.9 3.5 3.0 3.8 .9 3.2 1.8 2.5 CHEMtCALS AHD ALHED PRODUCTS........ Industrial organic chemicals.......... Paints, pigments, 1.7 .8 2.2 2.2 .2 .1 0 .1 .1 (2/) .8 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 .7 .4 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 7 .3 13 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .8 1 .4 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 13 2.3 1.4 .3 .4 .2 1.0 1.8 .2 2 .1 .4 .2 .2 .2 1.4 1.4 .1 .2 .3 ( 2/) 2 .1 1.2 1.0 l.l .3 .2 3.9 2.6 3.6 4.7 5.1 5.2 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.5 3.8 1.2 .6 1.3 1.2 LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS......... 2.6 Footwear (except rubber)............... 1.3 2.8 2.9 2.1 3.0 1.6 1.3 .5 1.4 2.3 3.1 2.3 2.5 .6 .6 .4 .4 1.2 2.2 1.2 .5 .5 2.7 3-3 2.4 .8 1.0 .8 .6 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 2.0 2.0 .6 .5 .2 .2 1.3 2.5 1.4 2.4 .5 .4 .1 .1 .4 .7 .4 1.0 .7 .3 l.l 2.6 2.5 2.2 .8 .8 .4 .8 .8 1 .2 1.2 .8 .2 .2 .4 .3 .4 .4 .5 .2 .2 1.5 1.4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .5 .2 .1 .4 .2 .2 .3 1.5 l.l STOME, CLAY, AMD 6LASS PRODUCTS...... Glass and glass products............... Cement, hydraulic...................... Structural clay products.............. Pottery and related products.......... PRtMARY METAL tHDUSTRtES............ Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills.......................... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals: Primary smelting and refining of copper, lead, and zinc............... nonferrous metals: Rolling, drawing, and alloying of copper................................. Other primary metal industries: Iron and steel forgings.... . FABRtCATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDHAHCE, MACHtMERY, AHD TRAHSPORTATtOM EQUtPMEHT)........... Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware.... Cutlery and edge tools................ 2.5 2.5 2.3 1.2 1 .1 .6 1.5 1.0 .8 1.4 .3 1.9 .8 1.8 .8 1.0 .4 .3 .2 .4 4.0 .9 1.2 .1 .2 .1 3.3 3 1.9 2.2 .1 .2 .2 .2 1.9 3.6 .9 3.7 2.4 2.5 .7 .7 .2 .1 .8 1.6 .7 .2 3.7 4.2 2.4 2.3 1 .1 .3 3.7 3.9 .9 .2 .2 .1 3.3 3.3 1.3 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .8 .4 .5 3 1.3 .3 3.9 3.6 4.9 3.0 3.5 3.6 1 .1 .8 .2 2.6 2.0 1.3 l.o 3 .3 1.5" 3.2 .6 .8 .7 .5 1.4 2 .1 1.6 3.8 1.7 .7 .1 ( 2/) .1 .2 1.6 3.4 5.1 2.8 4.1 See footnotes at end of table. 25 Lj K v t Cf Tabte B-2: M onthty tabor turnover rates in setected groups and industries - Continued (Per 100 employeea) Separation Total Quit Discharge Industry group and industry Jan. Total M i s c . ,incl. military L ayo f f accession Dec. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1955 1955 Dec. 1954 3.9 4.8 l.l 1.0 0.3 0.4 2.3 3.1 0.2 0.3 4.1 2.0 2.5 2.7 1.2 1.2 .5 .6 .5 9 .2 .1 2.9 2.2 5-0 6.4 1.0 .9 .1 3 3-7 4.8 .1 .5 5.1 1.9 2 .7 1.7 4.3 FABRtCATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDMAMCE, MACHtMERY, AMD TRAMSPORTAT)OM EQU)PMEWT)-continued and plumbers' supplies............. . Sanitary ware and plumbers' Oilburners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elseFabricated structural metal 3.1 3.8 .7 .6 .2 .1 2 .1 2.9 .3 .1 Metal stamping, coating, and engraving............................. 4.1 4.1 l.l .8 .2 .1 2.6 2 .7 .3 .4 5.3 MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL)....... 2.3 2.2 .7 .6 .2 .2 2 .1 2.8 1.4 .9 .4 .4 2.3 4.4 2.2 2.6 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 .8 .9 .8 .2 .2 .1 .2 2.9 1.0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 l.l 1.7 1.5 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 1.2 2.2 .6 .8 .6 .6 .6 .2 1.6 1.8 l.l 7 3 3 .3 .4 1.5 1.5 1.4 2.2 2 .1 .6 .5 l.l .8 .6 .1 1.6 9 2.4 .3 3.4 .2 .2 l.l 3.0 .2 .1 .1 1.7 4.3 2.3 2.0 1.5 2.5 .7 .6 .8 1.8 1.5 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.6 .7 .1 .1 2 .1 .6 .1 .1 .6 2.7 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.0 .7 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 3.2 2 .1 Agricultural machinery and tractors.. Construction and mining machinery.... .7 .7 .5 .5 .4 4.8 4.2 2.2 2.0 Metalworking machinery (except Machine-tool accessories............ Special-industry machinery (except 1.2 Office and store machines and Service-industry and household ELECTRtCAL MACHtMERY............... 2 .1 5.0 .6 .6 .2 .2 .1 .2 .9 1.7 .2 2.4 .7 .4 .3 .3 4.4 1.8 .9 .7 4.0 2.9 2.2 2.0 2.9 2.6 1.0 .9 .2 .1 1.5 1.4 .2 .2 2.8 2 .1 2.3 ( 1 /) 1.7 .7 (i/) .1 1.7 1.7 ( 1 /) 13 (i/) .3 l.l .1 .2 .2 2.8 1.3 ( 1 /) .1 (l/) 2 .1 3.9 ( 1 /) .1 1.5 .3 ( 1 /) .1 .2 2.7 ( 1 /) 2.3 (i/) 2 .1 ( 1 /) .2 (1 /) 1.2 .6 3 1.2 3.1 4.4 .7 .1 .2 2.2 3.2 .1 .3 4.0 2.4 3.7 3.9 (i/) 1.9 3.4 3.0 1.7 1.2 .9 .2 1.9 1.5 (i/) 5.4 4.6 1.2 .6 .5 6.8 6 .1 l.l .9 ^ 2.8 .9 (1 /) .6 .2 .1 .2 1.9 1.6 1.8 .5 .7 ( 1 /) .4 1.0 .8 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 1.9 1.4 Electrical generating, transmis sion, distribution, and Communication equipment............... Radios, phonographs, television Telephone, telegraph, and related equipment* Electrical appliances, lamps, and miscellaneous products ....... TRANSPORTATION EQUtPMEMT........... Aircraft engines and parts.......... Aircraft propellers and p a rts ....... Other aircraft parts and equipment.. See footnotes at end of table. 26 2-3 ( 1 /) 4.9 3.1 3.6 2 .1 (1 /) 1.0 .6 .7 .5 .8 .3 .3 ( 1 /) .1 .1 ( 1 /) .2 .6 .8 .5 1.0 l.l (i/) 2.5 3.5 1.0 .1 .2 ( 1 /) .2 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8 .7 1.9 .5 .1 1.6 L ib o r ) m no\ cr Tabte B-2: Monthty tabor turnover rates in setected groups and industries - Continued (Per 100 employees) Separation Total Quit Discharge Industry group and industry Jan. 1955 Dec. Jan. Dec. 1954 1955 1954 11.5 (1/) (1/) (1/) 2.6 14.9 1*RAMSPORTAT)ON EQU!PMEMT-Continued Ship and boat building and Railroad and street cars.... ...... 2.8 8.5 3.3 10.5 13.6 1.2 d/i (1/) (1/) .7 .7 1.6 .8 .3 1.0 .3 Total Mise.,incl. military Layoff Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 0.4 (1/) (1/) (1/) .1 0.4 (2/) 9.7 (1/) (1/) (1/) 1.5 12.7 0.3 6.8 (1/) 2.0 (1/) 8.6 (!/) 13.2 .4 (2/) (1 /) (2/) 1 .8 (1 /) .7 .2 .2 (l/) .2 2 .7 .3 .1 .4 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 accession Jan. 1935 0.2 12 .2 .5 a/) .8 a/) .4 (i/) Dec. 1954 9.7 10.6 7.2 11.9 .7 .1 17.8 .1 2.5 .1 .3 3-8 1.5 .9 1.7 1 .6 1.5 -5 3.6 (1/) .6 .7 .1 (1/) .1 2.9 1.4 .7 .6 .1 .1 1.8 .5 .2 .2 2.6 1.9 3.9 5.2 1.4 1 .2 .2 .2 1.9 3.6 .2 .3 6.0 2.5 3.0 2.0 1.3 1.0 .3 .1 1 .2 .7 .1 .2 2.4 1.9 3.6 2.5 1.4 .2 .4 2.9 1.7 .7 1.0 .2 .1 .3 (2/) .2 .5 .4 .6 .8 (2/) 4.3 l.i 2.7 2.5 2.4 1.9 .1 .1 .4 .3 .4 -5 3.4 .6 5-9 AMTHRAC!TEM!M!MG.................. 1.7 1.2 .5 .6 (2/) (2/) .8 B!TUM!W0US-C0AL M!W!WG............. 1 .6 .9 .4 .3 .1 (2/) 1.0 (1/) (i/) 1.2 1.4 (l/) (I/) .9 .8 (1/) (1/) (R/) (2/) (1 /) (1 /) iWSTRUMEWTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS.... (1/) .5 .2 Professional and scientific M!SCELLAMEOUS MAHUFACTURtMG !WDUSTR!ES....................... Jewelry, silverware, and plated METAL M!M!M6...................... 1.2 .3 -7 .2 3.7 1.1 4.6 .2 :2 .3 .4 2 .1 2.0 .5 .3 .1 1.3 1.1 .4 .2 .1 1-5 1 .4 .3 (!/) .1 .2 (1/) 1.0 1 .1 2.0 C0MMUM!CAT)0H: .2 l/ Not available. 2/ Less than 0.05. Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission basis. GROSS AND NET SPENDABLE WEEKLY EARNiNGS COMPARED WITH REAL NET SPENDABLE EARNINGS EXPRESSED )N 1947-49 DOLLARS UN!TED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STAT!ST!CS LA TE ST DATA JANUARY !9 S S Hou rs and Earnings Tab!* C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emp!oyees Industry g r o u p and Average weekly Average weekly earnings hours industry Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 and zinc m i n i n g ..................... $90.73 85.75 97.02 82.88 AMTHRACtTE......................... BtlUMtMOUS-COAL..................... Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1934 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 $87.78 81.92 91.10 83.96 $92.00 90.45 99.22 84.32 43.0 38.8 46.2 42.5 41.8 36.9 43.8 43.5 43.6 41.3 46.8 42.8 $2.11 $2.10 $2.11 2.21 2.10 1.95 2.22 2.08 1.93 2.19 2.12 1.97 76.56 89.86 70.93 31.9 35.1 28.6 2.4o 2. % 2.43 92.26 92.01 82.34 37.2 37.1 33.2 2.48 2.48 2.48 96.60 90.68 92.80 42.0 40.3 40.7 2.30 2.25 2.28 74.45 76.38 70.93 42.3 43.4 4i.o 1.76 1.76 1.73 91.95 94.54 87.12 35.5 36.5 34.3 2.59 2.59 2.54 MOWBU!LD!WG COWSTRUCHOM............. 86.16 77.28 91.74 89.47 80.51 96.08 83.88 71.69 91.02 37.3 36.8 37-6 38.4 37.8 38.9 36.0 34.3 37.0 2.31 2.10 2.44 2.33 2.13 2.47 2.33 2.09 2.46 BU!LD!WG COWSIRUCHOW................ 93.28 95.40 87.46 35.2 36.0 33.9 2.65 2.65 2.58 GEWERAL C0W7RAC70RS................. SPEC!AL-7RADE COWIRACIORS............ E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ........................... O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ....... 88.30 96.37 104.98 86.98 113.00 89.38 90.83 98.53 107.20 91.12 113.30 91.77 82.13 91.80 99.96 82.36 111.07 83.21 34.9 33.3 37.9 32.7 38.7 33.6 35.9 36 .1 38.7 34.0 38.8 34.5 33.8 34.0 37.3 31.8 38.3 31.4 2.53 2.73 2.77 2.66 2.92 2.66 2.53 2.73 2.77 2.68 2.92 2.66 2.43 2.70 2.68 2.39 2.90 2.65 ................................. 73.97 74.12 70.92 40.2 40.5 39.4 1.84 1.83 1.80 DURABLE GOODS....................... HONOURABLE 6000S..................... 80.16 66.02 $0.15 66.30 16.59 63.53 40.9 39.3 41.1 39.7 40.1 38.5 1.96 1.68 1.95 1.6 7 1.91 1.65 ORDMAMCE AMD ACCESSOR)ES............. 81.20 82.21 77-60 40.0 40.7 40.0 2.03 2.02 1.94 FOOD AMD KtMDRED PROOUCTS............ 70.58 79.84 83.30 78.28 70.58 72 .61 70.89 54.98 44.62 58.21 75.26 82.63 70.47 68.11 69.83 61.54 74.03 73.10 81.27 57.31 55-18 77.42 59.0$ 91.73 70.79 81.75 85.10 79.00 69.34 70.44 71.40 55.39 54.28 56.91 74.48 80.55 71.72 69.12 70.62 61.39 73.78 74.96 73.14 56.26 54.26 78.21 60.75 93.53 68.71 76.78 80.60 73.98 69.39 70.84 69.64 55.04 50.33 57.57 73.81 79.73 7 1 .1 0 66.10 67.49 60.20 73.44 73.78 78.85 54.60 52.65 75.06 58.51 88.20 40.8 41.8 42.5 41.2 43.3 45.1 41.7 37.4 28.6 39.6 43.5 45.4 43.5 40.3 40.6 39.2 42.3 39.3 44.9 39.8 39.7 39.3 40.2 39.2 41.4 42.8 43.2 41.8 42.8 44.3 42.0 38.2 32.7 39.8 43.3 44.5 44.0 40.9 41.3 39.1 47.6 40.3 46.1 39.9 39.9 39.5 40.5 39.8 40.9 41.5 42.2 4i.i 43.1 45.7 41.7 37.7 30.5 39.7 44.2 45.3 45.0 40.8 40.9 40.4 42.7 40.1 44.8 39.0 39.0 39-3 39.8 39.2 1.73 1.91 1.9 6 1.90 1.63 1 .6 1 1.70 1.47 1.5 6 1.47 1.73 1.8 2 1.6 2 1.6 9 1 .7 2 1.57 1.75 1.86 1.81 1.44 1.39 1.97 1.4 7 2.34 1.71 1.91 1.97 1.89 1.6 2 1-59 1.70 1.4 5 1.66 1.43 1.7 2 1.8 1 1.63 1.69 1.71 1.57 1.55 1.86 1.63 l.4l 1.3 6 1.98 1.50 2.35 1.68 1.85 1 .9 1 1.80 1 .6 1 1-55 1.6 7 1.46 1.6 5 1.45 1.6 7 1.76 1.58 1.62 1.65 1.4 9 1.7 2 1.84 1.7 6 i.4o 1.35 1 .9 1 1.4 7 2.25 76.36 72.64 73.34 37.8 36.5 38.4 2.02 1.99 1 .9 1 METAL M)W!MG....................... Iron mining Copper mining Lead ....................... * ..................... CRUDE-PE7R0LEUM AWD MATURAL-GAS PRODUCT)0X: P e t r o l e u m and n a t u r a l - g a s production WOWMEIALUC M!W!WG AWD QUARRY!W6..... <KMnM<rr ........................ D a i r y p r o d u c t s ..... ....................... Canned Flour fruits, and o t h e r vegetables, an d soups. grain-mill products.. P r e p a r e d f e e d s ........................... B a k e r y p r o d u c t s ........................... Biscuits, crackers, a n d p r e t z e l s ..... C o n f e c t i o n e r y and related products.... M a l t l i q u o r s .............................. Di s t i l l e d , r e c t i f i e d , a n d b l e n d e d S ee footnotes at e n d o f table. -22. Hou rs and E a m m g s Tabie C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production w orkers or nonsupervisory em p ioy ees - Continued Average weekly hours industry group and industry Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 $66.82 81.87 65.12 $66.98 82.06 66.28 $66.20 81.95 65.04 41.5 42.2 44.6 41.6 42.3 45.4 41.9 41.6 45.8 $1.61 1.94 1.46 $1.61 1.94 1.46 $1.58 1-97 1.42 50.5S 66.33 42.24 53-28 39.85 49.92 67.73 42.57 54.20 39.59 45.97 58.40 40.57 50.18 37.63 37.7 40.2 36.1 37.0 36.9 38.4 41.3 36.7 37.9 37-7 36.2 37-2 35.9 36.1 35-5 1.34 1.65 1.17 1.44 1.08 1.30 1.64 1.16 1.43 1.05 1.27 1.57 1.13 1.39 1.06 54.25 63.29 49.01 48.38 51.21 52.80 51.47 57-37 50.55 61.31 55-32 49.24 56.98 55.06 57.87 42.22 43.20 41.86 50.74 44.53 64.14 55.07 60.28 49-00 48.63 50.82 53-59 52.52 58.06 51.31 62.67 55-74 50.56 57.92 57.18 56.36 43.09 50.86 58.78 44.13 43.25 46.61 49.13 47.87 53-86 46.50 59.14 54.21 47.65 55-95 56.78 55.65 39.18 43.44 4o.8o 42.83 52.36 45.13 66.22 39-05 49.07 42.33 59.49 39.6 41.1 38.9 38.7 39.7 40.0 39.9 40.4 39-8 40.6 39*8 37.3 38.5 37.2 39.1 36.4 36.0 36.4 36.5 36.5 42.2 40.2 39.4 39.2 38.9 39.7 4o.6 4o.4 4o.6 4o.4 41.5 4o.i 38.3 39.4 38.9 39.7 37.8 36.5 37-9 37.4 37.3 43.0 37-4 37-2 35.3 34.6 36.7 37.5 37.4 38.2 37.2 38.4 39.0 36.1 37.3 37-6 37.1 35.3 34.0 35.5 35.3 34.7 39.4 1.37 1.54 1.26 1.25 1.29 1.32 1.29 1.42 1.27 1.51 1.39 1.32 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.16 1.20 1.15 1.39 1.22 1.52 1.37 1.53 1.25 1.25 1.28 1.32 1.30 1.43 1.27 1.51 1.39 1.32 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.14 1.19 1.13 l.4o 1.21 1.54 1.36 1.58 1.25 1.25 1.27 1.31 1.28 1.41 1.25 1.54 1.39 1.32 1.50 1.51 1.50 l.ll 1.20 1.10 1.39 1.22 l.5l 64.02 72.51 69.77 55.80 64.94 66.10 71.86 69.20 60.76 65.89 43.2 41.3 66.95 54.53 61.75 42.4 41.2 40.1 37.2 41.1 39.2 41.7 39.6 39.7 38.7 36.6 40.1 1.51 1.76 1.74 1.50 1.58 1.53 1.74 1.73 1.55 1.58 1.50 1.73 1.73 1.49 1.54 70.70 62.54 72.76 52.20 72.16 64.62 75.41 53.20 67.94 57-24 69.55 50.82 40.4 37.9 42.8 42.1 4i.o 39.4 44.1 42.9 39.5 36.0 41.9 42.0 1-75 1.65 1.70 1.24 1.76 1.64 1.71 1.24 1.72 1.59 1.66 1.21 85.43 53.96 86.10 53.70 76.68 52.25 45.2 39.1 45.8 39.2 42.6 38.7 1.89 1.38 1.88 1.37 I.80 1.35 48.6o 58.03 49.01 56.32 47.68 55-84 36.0 35.6 36.3 36.0 34.8 34.9 1.35 1.63 1.35 1.62 1.37 1.60 40.91 4l.6l 44.15 34.03 53-61 53.19 39.38 67.97 43.80 40.91 42.41 43.55 33.12 53.55 53.70 40.70 66.25 43.92 39.56 39.45 44.16 31.39 52.44 50.96 38.26 66.80 42.33 36.2 36.5 37.1 36.2 35.5 35.7 35.8 34.5 35-9 36.2 37.2 36.6 34.5 35.7 35.8 37.0 33.8 36.3 34.4 34.3 36.2 32.7 34.5 34.2 35.1 33.4 34.7 1.13 1.14 1.19 .94 1.51 1.49 1.10 1.97 1.22 1.13 1.14 1.19 .96 1.50 I.50 1.10 1.96 1.21 1.15 1.15 1.22 .96 1.52 1.49 1.09 2.00 1.22 40.68 48.33 56.52 45.38 41.02 46.78 53.50 43.92 39.79 45.89 59.29 45.59 36.0 35.8 36.7 37.2 36.3 36.4 35.2 36.3 34.9 34.5 36.6 359 1.13 1.35 1.13 1.34 1.52 1.21 1.14 1.33 1.6? 1.27 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 FOOD AMD KIMDRED PRODUCTS-Continued Miscellaneous f o o d p r o d u c t s ............... Manufactured i c e ........................... TOBACCO MAWUFACTURES.................. Tobacco stemming and r e d r y i n g ............ TEXHLE-M)LL PRODUCTS................. Scouring Yam and c o m b i n g pi ants. and t h r e a d m i l l s ................. Yarn mills ........... . Thread mills ............................ B r o a d w o v e n f a b r i c m i l l s .................. Cotton silk s y n t h e t i c f i b e r . ......... W o o l e n and w o r s t e d ......................... N a r r o w f a b r i c s an d s m a l l w a r e s . .......... K n i t t i n g m i l l s ......................... . D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ............ D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ( except Carpets, rugs, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s . . . . Wool carpets, rugs, and c a r p e t yarn.... H a t s (e x c e p t cl o t h and m i i l i n e r y ).....*. Miscellaneous textile g o o d s ............... P a d d i n g s and u p h o l s t e r y f i l l i n g ........ P r o c e s s e d w a s t e and r e c o v e r e d fibers... A r t i f i c i a l leather, o i l c l o t h , and APPAREL AMD OTHER F!M!SHED TEXTtLE PRODUCTS............................ Men's and boys' furnishings c o r s e t s ..................................... M i l l i n e r y ..................................... 4o.o and w o r k W o m e n ' s suits, coats, and s k i r t s ....... Women's, c h i l d r e n ' s u n d e r g a r m e n t s ...... U n d e r w e a r and ni g h t w e a r , e x c e p t -12. 59-40 68.68 i.*s4 1.22 H o u rs and Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production w orkers or nonsupervisory em ptoyees - Continued hours industry group and industry Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 $43.43 48.62 $45.13 50.18 $42.83 45.92 35.6 37.4 37-3 38.6 35.4 35-6 $1.22 1.30 $1.21 1.30 $1.21 1.29 42.83 31.27 50.05 45.31 52.22 52.67 39.56 50.41 50.01 36.3 37.7 38.5 38.4 38.4 39.6 34.1 37.9 37-6 1.18 1.36 1.30 1.18 1.36 1.33 1.16 1.33 1-33 66.50 67.32 43.68 85.41 66.91 73.53 66.67 67.08 45.47 83.81 62.65 72.74 62.72 63.11 4l.6l 80.35 40.8 (1/) 40.8 40.8 42.0 39-0 40.8 38.7 40.9 40.9 43.3 38.8 39-4 38.9 39-2 39.2 40.4 37.9 I.63 (1/) 1.64 1.65 l.o4 2.19 1.64 1.90 1.63 1.64 1.05 2.16 1.59 1.87 1.60 1.61 1.03 2.12 72.63 70.21 79.90 49.63 49.60 56.85 73.78 72.50 78.68 50.53 50.38 57.13 68.28 67.80 72.83 47.72 47.46 53.07 41.5 41.3 43.9 39-7 4o.o 40.9 42.4 42.4 44.2 40.1 40.3 41.4 40.4 40.6 42.1 38.8 38.9 39.9 1.75 1.70 1.82 1.25 1.24 1.39 1.74 1.71 1.78 1.26 1.25 1.38 1.69 1.67 1.73 1.23 1.22 1.33 63.99 61.00 65.83 63.19 61.78 58.41 40.5 4o.4 41.4 41.3 39.6 39-2 1.58 1.51 1.59 1.53 I.56 1.49 56.30 62.92 68.80 57.27 70.98 66.70 53.60 60.10 64.08 41.4 38.6 4o.o 41.8 42.0 39.7 40.0 37.1 38.6 1.36 I.63 1.72 1.37 1.69 1.68 1-34 1.62 1.66 72.69 59.90 81.12 74.27 60.90 80.70 70.86 59.60 77.U 41.3 40.2 41.6 42.2 40.6 41.6 41.2 4o.o 4o.8 1.76 1.49 1.95 1.76 1.50 1.94 1.72 1.49 1.89 76.57 76.78 75-14 40.3 40.2 4o.4 1.90 1.91 1.86 65.44 68.16 62.47 40.9 42.6 40.3 1.60 1.60 1.55 75.72 82.16 69.87 69.46 75.95 67.56 76.01 82.34 70.22 69.97 75.52 68.39 72.07 78.55 65.36 65.12 69.60 65.53 42.3 43.7 4i.i 4i.i 4o.4 40.7 42.7 43.8 41.8 41.9 40.6 41.2 41.9 43.4 40.2 39.1 40.7 1.79 1.88 1.70 1.69 1.88 1.66 1.78 1.88 1.68 1.67 1.86 1.66 1.72 1.81 1.63 1.62 1.78 1.61 88.24 91.78 88.98 78.41 87.96 86.75 55.86 68.50 90.09 97.52 87.12 78.41 88.84 87.16 54.34 69.87 86.02 90.07 89.87 74.49 85.79 83.07 51.61 67.16 38.2 35-3 39.2 39.4 39.8 38.9 38.0 38.7 39.0 36.8 39.6 39.6 40.2 39-8 38.0 39.7 38.4 35.6 40.3 39-0 39-9 39.0 37.4 38.6 2.31 2.60 2.27 1.99 2.21 2.23 1.47 1.77 2.31 2.65 2.20 1.98 2.21 2.19 1.43 1.76 2.24 2.53 2.23 1.91 2.15 2.13 1.38 1.74 106.77 106.77 104.41 39.4 39.4 39.4 2.71 2.71 2.65 79-13 87.08 83.95 83.43 83.83 93.25 72.76 79.99 79.90 87.53 84.61 84.46 85.45 92.80 73.31 79.00 76.86 84.87 83.23 81.41 81.32 88.29 71.60 77.78 4i.o 40.5 39.6 40.5 41.5 40.9 40.2 40.4 41.4 40.9 40.1 41.0 42.3 40.7 40.5 40.1 41.1 41.0 41.0 40.5 41.7 40.5 40.0 40.3 1.93 2.15 2.12 2.06 2.02 2.28 1.81 1.98 1.93 2.14 2.U 2.06 2.02 2.28 1.81 1.97 1.87 2.07 2.03 2.01 1.95 2.18 1.79 1.93 APPAREL AM!) OTHER FtHtSHED TEXTtLE PRODUCTS-Cont inued Miscellaneous Other apparel fabricated Cur t a i n s , an d accessories... t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s ....... draperies, and other C a n v a s p r o d u c t s ............................. LUMBER AMD MOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURN!TURE).......................... Logging camps Sawmills and c o n t r a c t o r s ............ and p l a n i n g Sawmills m i l l s ................ and p l a n i n g mills, general.... W e s t ......................................... M i l lwork, plywood, and p r e f a b r i c a t e d Wooden boxes, o t h e r t h a n c i g a r .......... FURNITURE AND FtXTURES................ Wood household furniture, except u p h o l s t e r e d ................................ Woo d household furniture, u p h o l s t e r e d . . Mattresses O f fice, and b e d s p r i n g s .......... . public-building, Partitions, shelvi n g , and lockers, and f i x t u r e s ..................................... furniture and f i x t u r e s .................... PAPER AHD ALL)ED PRODUCTS.............. Paperboard boxes. Other paper and allied p r o d u c t s .......... PRtHTtHB, PUBLtSHtHB, AMD ALHED tHDUSTRtES.......................... Periodicals ................. G r e e t i n g ca r d s ....... B o o k b i n d i n g and r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ...... M i s c e l l a n e o u s p u b l i s h i n g and p r i n t i n g CHEM!CALS AND ALL!ED PRODUCTS.......... Industrial inorganic Industrial Plastics, o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s .............. e x c e p t s y n t h e t i c r u b b e r ...... See footnotes at en d c h e m i c a l s ........... 4o.i o f table. -31- Hours and Eannngs Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings o f production workers or nonsupervisory em ptoyees - Continued Industry gr o u p and industry Jan. 1955 Dec * 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 $73.21 $73.39 $72.28 40.9 4i.o 41.3 $1.79 $1.79 $1.75 83.84 90.83 78.31 84.25 91.91 79.68 79.93 86.07 76.67 41.3 M.l 4i.o 41.5 41.4 4 1.5 41.2 40.6 4i.o 2.03 2.21 1.91 2.03 2.22 1.92 1.94 2.12 1.87 76.70 69.21 61.01 69.16 63.20 79.87 73.53 61.06 83.80 77.87 67.84 61.86 68.36 63.32 78.32 73.49 62.09 84.6o 75.26 64.58 59.35 66.17 61.36 76.39 70.35 59.44 81.67 40.8 42.2 4 1.5 45.8 45.8 45.9 40.4 38.4 41.9 41.2 42.4 41.8 46.5 46.9 45.8 40.6 39.3 42.3 40.9 41.4 41.5 46.6 47.2 45.2 40.2 38.1 42.1 1.88 1.64 1.4 7 1.51 1.38 1.74 1.82 1.59 2.00 I .89 1.60 1.48 1.47 1-35 1.71 1 .8 1 1.58 2.00 1.84 1.56 1.43 1.42 1.30 1.69 1.75 1.5 6 1.94 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL......... 93.89 97.88 92.57 96.22 91.53 95.58 41.0 41.3 40.6 40.6 40.5 40.5 2.29 2.37 2.28 2.37 2.26 2.36 p r o d u c t s ..................................... 79.00 79.58 77.57 4o.i 4o.6 40.4 1.97 1.96 1.92 84.25 97.41 68.97 76.08 85.07 98.18 71.69 76.44 75.08 82.88 62.98 70.62 41.3 4i.i 40.1 41.8 41.7 41.6 41.2 42.0 38.7 37-5 38.4 39.9 2.04 2.37 1.7 2 1.82 2.04 2.36 1.74 1.82 1.94 2.21 1.64 1 .7 7 52.44 71.78 67.49 52.26 49.88 56.10 47.58 45.51 52.16 72.18 69.02 52.52 49.10 54.66 49.88 45.00 31.89 68.68 69.22 50.65 49.37 53.10 46.38 43.54 38.0 40.1 39.7 39.0 37-5 37.4 39.0 36.7 37.8 4o.i 40.6 38.9 37.2 36.2 39.9 36.0 37.6 39.7 41.2 37.8 37.4 35.4 37.1 35.4 1.38 1.79 1.70 1.34 1.33 1.50 1.22 1.24 1.38 1.80 1.70 1.35 1.32 1.51 1.25 1.25 1.38 1.73 1.68 1.34 1.3 2 1.50 1.2 5 1.2 3 73.31 108.97 72.52 72.91 72.31 62.12 76.59 65.69 63.08 68.06 64.45 71.98 61.56 72.67 68.85 64.37 73.98 109.04 73.08 73.84 71.92 64.30 75.53 67.57 69.48 99.31 68.64 70.35 66.61 57.57 73.51 62.81 ^'7? 68.74 66.23 72.00 63.10 74.12 70.58 66.56 22-13 66.36 63.20 6 7 .11 6o.l4 70.31 68.30 61.29 40.5 42.9 39.2 39.2 39.3 40.6 41.4 40.3 41.5 39.8 39.3 38.7 36.0 43.0 42.5 4l.o 4i.i 43.1 39.5 39.7 39.3 42.3 41.5 41.2 43.0 40.2 39.9 38.5 36.9 43.6 43.3 41.6 39.7 40.7 39.0 39.3 38.5 38.9 41.3 39.5 40.5 39.5 39.5 37.7 35.8 42.1 41.9 39.8 1 .8 1 2.54 1.85 1.86 1.84 1.53 1.85 1.63 1.5 2 1.71 1.64 1.86 1-71 1.6 9 1.6 2 1.57 1.80 2.53 1.85 1.86 1.83 1.5 2 1.82 1.64 1.53 1.71 1.6 6 1.8 7 1.71 1.70 1.63 1.60 1.75 2.44 1.7 6 1.79 1.73 1.48 1.78 1.59 1.46 1.68 1.60 1.78 1.68 1.6 7 1.63 1.54 77.90 83.03 80.98 76.26 77.30 83.84 79.99 75.89 73.08 76.44 73.07 71.64 4l.o 40.9 42.4 37.2 40.9 41.3 42.1 37.2 39.5 39.0 40.8 36.0 1.90 2.03 1.91 2.05 1.8 9 2.03 1.90 2.04 1.8 5 1.9 6 1.84 1.99 86.63 85.60 81.74 40.3 4o.o 39.3 2 .15 2.14 2.08 89.67 87.98 84.80 39.5 39.1 38.9 2.27 2.25 2.18 89.67 83.44 87.98 82.42 84.80 77.41 39.5 40.9 39.1 40.6 38.9 39.9 2.27 2.04 2.25 2.03 2.18 1.94 CHEMtCALS AMD ALU ED PRODUCTS-Continued 'preparations' ^ P°^shing ..... Gu m and w o o d c h e m i c a l s ** ........... F e r t i l i z e r s .................................. V e g e t a b l e and a ni m a l o ils and f a t s . ..... V e g e t a b l e oil s . . ............ A n i m a l oils and fats Miscellaneous chemicals E s s e n t i a l oils, p e r f u m e s , c o s m e t i c s . . . . RUBBER PRODUCTS...................... Tires and i nner t u b e s ...................... LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS........... Leather: tanned, curried, and f i n i s h e d . . I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g and p a c k i n g . . Boot and shoe cut s t o c k and f i n d i n g s . ... L u g g a g e ........................................ H a n d b a g s and s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s ........ G l o v e s and m i s c e l l a n e o u s l e a t h e r g o o d s . . STOWE, CLAY, AMD GLASS PRODUCTS........ F l a t g l a s s .................................... G l a s s and glasswar e , p r e s s e d or b l o w n . .. Glass containers.......*.-************* P r e s s e d and b l o w n g l a s s * . . . . . . . * * ...... G l a s s p r o d u c t s made o f p u r c h a s e d g l a s s . . Cement, h y d r a u l i c ........................... Floor and wall Sewer pipe tile <* ...... .................. P o t t e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ............. Co n crete, gypsum, a n d p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s . . Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral PRtWARY METAL [WDUSTRtES.............. ^liii-r^iiis' B l a s t furnaces, r o l l i n g mills, st e e l wor k s , and except electrometal lu r g i c a l p r o d u c t s ......................... E l e c t r o m e t a l l u r g i c a l p r o d u c t s ........... j e ^ footnotes Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued A v e ra g e w e e k ly A v e ra g e e a r n in g s In d u s try g ro u p and w e e k ly h o u rs * " e a r ^ ^ in d u s t r y Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 19% Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 $78.78 78.55 79-79 79.59 $77.99 77.76 79.17 73.38 $74.30 73 .51 72.77 76.43 4o.4 40.7 40.5 39.4 40.2 40.5 4o.6 38.8 38.9 39.1 38.1 3 8 .6 $1.95 1.93 1.97 2.02 $1.94 1.92 1.95 2.02 $1.91 1.88 1 .9 1 1.98 82.21 81.00 83.40 40.7 40.5 M.7 2.02 2.00 2.00 80.16 86.24 77.97 86.46 82.49 84.66 40.9 40.3 40.4 40.4 42.3 40.9 1.96 2.14 1.93 2.14 1.95 2.07 77.79 78.31 73.62 41.6 42.1 40.9 1.87 1 .8 6 1 .8 0 87.35 8 6.11 78.21 42.2 41.8 39.7 2.07 2.06 1.97 89.03 87.56 77.21 42.6 42.3 3 8 .8 2.09 2.07 1.99 85.07 83.82 91.72 93.84 90.72 89.82 82.82 84.66 90.45 91.88 91.15 87.53 77.99 80.40 83.95 88.40 81.14 83.37 41.7 40.3 41.5 40.8 42.0 41.2 40.8 40.9 41.3 40.3 42.2 40.9 40.2 40.0 39.6 4o.o 39.2 39.7 2.04 2.03 2.07 2.19 1.94 2 .3 0 2 .2 8 2 .2 1 2.16 2.18 2.16 2.14 2.07 2.10 80.34 81.41 79.23 68.34 75.33 84.53 80.70 83.21 78.62 70.04 74.59 83.10 76.92 77.79 73.16 64.12 73.57 76.33 41.2 40.5 41.7 40.2 40.5 42.7 41.6 41.4 41.6 41.2 40.1 42.4 40.7 4 0.1 40.2 39.1 40.2 40.6 1-95 2.01 1.90 1.70 1.86 1.98 1.94 2.01 1.89 1.70 1.86 1.96 1.89 1.94 75.23 80.00 76.78 81.00 71.80 74,69 39.4 40.2 40.2 40.5 38.6 38^9 1.91 1.99 1.91 2.00 1 .8 6 72.93 78.18 74.80 80.15 70.46 80.26 39.0 40.3 4o.o 4l.l 38.5 41.8 1.8 7 1.94 1.8 7 1.95 1.83 1.92 77.57 79.52 82.18 40.4 41.2 42.8 1.92 1.93 1.92 79.79 79.18 77.61 83.67 63.99 89.45 79.15 75.48 80.79 83.40 79.77 80.57 85.43 63.43 88.18 80.51 77.93 80.75 75.39 80.87 77.95 8 1.16 61.88 83.63 72.58 73.02 74.70 40.3 40.4 39.8 42.2 39.5 42.8 40.8 40.8 42.3 4 1.7 40.7 40.9 42.5 39.4 42.6 41.5 41.9 42.5 40.1 41.9 40.6 41.2 38.2 41.4 40.1 39.9 40.6 1.98 1.9 6 1.95 2.03 1.6 2 2.09 1.94 1.8 5 1.91 2.00 1.96 1.97 2.01 1 .6 1 2.07 1.94 1.86 1.90 1.88 1.93 1.9 2 1.97 1.6 2 2.02 1.81 1.83 1.84 85.07 89.25 85.06 78.35 84.86 83.08 83.42 80.22 8l.4l 81.40 74.00 75.76 40.9 42.3 43.4 41.9 40.8 4i.i 43.0 42.9 40.3 40.7 40.0 41.4 2.08 2 .1 1 1.9 6 1.8 7 2.08 2.07 1.94 I .87 2.02 2.00 1.8 5 1.83 83.44 88.99 83.44 90.03 82.40 86.51 40.9 4i.2 40.9 41.3 41.2 4i.o 2.04 2 .16 2.04 2.18 2.00 2 .1 1 94.30 97.75 97.02 40.3 40.9 42.0 2.34 2.39 2.3 1 86.74 82.01 86.31 86.94 80.40 84.03 82.42 77.03 80.19 41.5 40.4 41.1 41.4 40.0 40.4 40.6 39.5 39.7 2.09 2.03 2.10 2.10 2.01 2.08 2.03 1.95 2.02 77.81 77.02 74.47 39.7 39.7 39.4 1.96 1.94 1.89 .33. PRtMARY METAL !MDUSTR!ES-Continued Iro n and ste e l f o u n d r i e s ........................................... M a lle a b le -ir o n S te e l f o u n d r i e s ........................................ f o u n d r i e s .................................................................. P r im a r y 6 m e lt in g n o n fe rro u s P r im a r y and co p p e r, le a d , and and r e f in in g S e co n d a ry o f a l u m i n u m ............................. and r e f in in g of m e t a l s ............................................................ d r a w in g , n o n fe rro u s R o llin g , r e f in in g z i n c ........................................... o f s m e lt in g n o n fe rro u s R o llin g , o f m e t a l s ............................................................ s m e lt in g P r im a r y r e f in in g and a llo y in g o f m e t a l s ............................................................ d r a w in g , and a llo y in g o f c o p p e r ........................................................................................ R o llin g , d r a w in g , and a llo y in g o f a l u m i n u m ................................................................................... N o n fe rro u s f o u n d r i e s ...................................................... M is c e lla n e o u s p r im a r y ste e l m eta l in d u s t r ie s .. Iro n and W ir e d r a w i n g .......................................................................... f o r g i n g s ........................................... FABRtCATEO METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDMAMCE, MACmMERY, AMD TRAMSPORTATtOM EQUtPMEMT).......................... T in cans and C u t le r y , H and o th e r hand t i n w a r e ..................................... t o o ls , and h a r d w a r e .................. tools#. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H a r d w a r e ...................................................................................... H e a t in g a p p a ra tu s S a n it a r y O il w a re b u rn e rs, c o o k in g n o n e le c t r ic ste e l d o o rs , not and sash , s u p p lie s ... h e a t in g m e ta l p ro d u c t s ... o rn a m e n ta l c o a t in g , L ig h t in g m o ld in g , M e ta l B o lt s and e n g r a v in g .. p r o d u c t s ................................... p r o d u c t s ........................................ w ir e M is c e lla n e o u s f a b r ic a t e d s h ip p in g n u ts b a r r e ls , w a sh e rs S c r e w -m a c h in e m e ta l p ro d u cts. d ru m s, and keg s, r i v e t s . . . . . . . p r o d u c t s .............................................. MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL).......... S team e n g in e s , t u r b in e s , and w ate r w h e e l s ........................................................................................ D ie s e l and e n g in e s , o th e r not 1.92 m e ta l f i x t u r e s ............................................................... F a b r ic a t e d 1 .8 2 1.64 1.83 1.88 e ls e w h e re fra m e s, V it r e o u s - e n a m e le d 2 .0 1 2 .1 2 and w o r k ............................................................... s t a m p in g , 2 .2 1 and t r i m ................................................................................... S h e e t-m e ta l M e ta l e le c t r ic ) p lu m b e r s ' stru ctu ra l S tru ctu ra l and and a p p a ra tu s, F a b r ic a t e d M e ta l (e x c e p t 2 .0 8 in t e r n a l- c o m b u s t io n e ls e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d ............ A g r i c u l t u r a l ' m L c h l ^ r y * ! e x c e p t ....................... t r a c t o r s ) ................................................................................ See fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le . Hours and Earmtigs Tabte C -l: Hours and gross earnings o f prod u ction w orkers or nonsupervisory em ptoyees - Continued ^ ' ^ i n r ^ Industry group and industry Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 $80.59 $80.78 $79.76 40.7 40.8 80.18 80.79 91.78 88.20 79.98 81.79 91.76 88.20 77.59 84.77 94.60 93.66 40.7 40.6 42.1 41.8 .......... 85.90 96.28 85.06 97.55 85.27 99.23 ...... 80.16 80.99 72.22 83.50 80.93 81.79 72.86 86.53 87.05 80.60 79.59 80.36 74.24 79.60 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 40.9 $1.98 $1.98 $1.95 40.6 4l.l 4 1.9 41.8 40.2 42.6 44.0 44.6 1.97 1.99 2.18 2.11 1.97 1.99 2.19 2.11 1.93 1.99 2.15 2.10 41.3 42.6 40.7 42.6 41.8 44.7 2.08 2.26 2.09 2.29 2.04 2.22 80.51 84.15 70.09 83.03 40.9 40.7 40.8 42.6 41.5 41.1 41.4 43.7 4 1.5 42.5 39.6 43.7 1.96 1.99 1.77 1.96 1.95 1.99 1.76 1.98 1.94 1.98 1.77 1.90 88.34 8 1.6 1 79.98 8 1.8 1 75.43 79.40 89.24 8 1.16 80.56 81.76 75.07 73.15 40.3 40.3 40.4 39.2 39.7 40.0 40.9 40.6 40.6 40.3 39.7 39.9 4 1.7 41.2 41.1 41.5 40.8 38.1 2.16 2.00 1.97 2.05 1.87 1.99 2.16 2.01 1.97 2.03 1.90 1.99 2.14 1.97 1.96 1.97 1.84 1.92 83.44 83.44 83.82 40.9 40.9 4 1.7 2.04 2.04 2.01 79.20 80.80 87.89 75.41 79.40 80.40 81.00 80.60 87.64 76.52 80.00 81.81 82.98 78.60 84.40 71.31 77.62 73.91 39.8 40.2 40.5 39.9 39.9 39.8 40.3 40.1 40.2 40.7 40.2 40.5 41.7 39.9 4o.o 39.4 39.6 38.1 1.9 9 2.01 2 .17 1.89 1.99 2.02 2.01 2.01 2.18 1.88 1.99 2.02 1.99 1.97 2.11 1 .8 1 1.96 1.94 72.50 79.80 74.93 81.8 1 73.93 77.60 39.4 39.7 40.5 40.5 40.4 38.8 1.84 2.01 1.85 2.02 1.83 2.00 and r e p a i r ) .......... 8o.4o 81.79 80.20 83.42 82.96 80.40 80.99 80.60 80.60 81.95 79.40 78.57 78.78 77.42 79.68 4o.o 4i.l 40.3 41.5 41.9 40.2 40.7 40.3 40.5 41.6 39.9 40.5 40.4 39.5 41.5 2.01 1.99 1.99 2.01 1.98 2.00 1.99 2.00 1.99 1-97 1.99 1.94 1.95 1.96 1.92 ELECIR!CAL MACHINERY.................. 74.56 74.52 70.74 40.3 40.5 39.3 1.85 1.84 1.80 78.78 69.43 79.56 71.17 76.99 67.20 40.4 39.9 40.8 40.9 4o.i 39.3 1.95 1.74 1.95 1.74 1.92 1.71 76.67 76.07 75.39 4l.o 40.9 40.1 1.87 1.86 1.88 73.20 71.89 71.92 40.0 39.5 39.3 1.83 1.82 1.83 84.25 81.95 83.84 84.58 82.62 75.85 40.7 41.6 40.5 42.5 40.5 39.1 2.07 1.97 2.07 1.99 2.04 1.94 76.21 83.83 77.42 73.51 80.59 68.17 70.93 79.13 84.84 78.38 73.69 79.38 68.51 70.53 75.11 78.21 74.87 67.20 75.06 64.12 65.96 39.9 41.5 39.7 41.3 40.7 40.1 40.3 41.0 42.0 4o.4 41.4 40.5 40.3 40.3 40.6 39.7 39.2 39.3 39.3 39.1 38.8 1.91 2.02 1.95 1.78 1.98 1.70 1.76 1.93 2.02 1.94 1.78 1.9 6 1.70 1.75 1.85 1.97 1.91 1.71 1.91 1.64 1.70 69.14 64.62 69.32 64.94 65.02 59.72 40.2 39.4 40.3 39.6 38.7 37.8 1.72 1.64 1.7 2 1.64 1.68 1.58 86.32 83.64 77-78 4 1.7 41.2 40.3 2.07 2.03 1.93 Dec. 1954 MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTR)CAL)-Continued Oil fi e l d m a c h i n e r y and t o o l s . ......... Metalworking m a c h i n e r y . ................. Ma c h i n e t o o i s ............................... ^mlt llLrking^Iachineryl^ ^ Food products Textile General machinery .. machinery industrial ........... m a c h i n e r y . . .......... Pum p s air and gas c o m p r e s s o r s . .*...... C o n v e y o r s and c o n v e y i n g e q u i p m e n t ...... Blowers, e x h a u s t and v e n t i l a t i n g fans.. Mechanical power-transmission e q u i p m e n t ................................... Mechanical stokers and industrial f u r n a c e s and o v e n s ....................... O f f i c e and s tore m a c h i n e s and devic e s . . . C o m p u t i n g m a c h i n e s and c ash r e g i s t e r s . . Service— industry Domestic and household machines. l a u n d r y e q u i p m e n t ............... 'pre=s!ng\achi^s' ^ air-conditioning M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s . ........... F a b r i c a t e d pipe, f i ttings, an d valves.. Ball and Machine roller sh o p s b e a r i n g s ................. (job E l e c t r i c a l gene r a t i n g , t r a n s m i s s i o n , d i s t r i b u t i o n , and i n d u s t r i a l appara t u s . . W i r i n g d e v i c e s and s u p p l i e s .............. C a r b o n and g r a p h i t e p r o d u c t s ( e l e c t r i c a l ) ............................... E l e c t r i c a l i n dicating, measur i n g , and Motors, g e n e r ators, and m o t o r - g e n e r a t o r P o w e r and d i s t r i b u t i o n t r a n s f o r m e r s . . . . S w i t c h g e a r , s w i t c h b o a r d , and industrial c o n t r o l s .................................... E l e c t r i c a l w e l d i n g a p p a r a t u s ............ "andlqui^^ R a d i o t u b e s ................................. T e l e p h o n e , teleg r a p h , an d r e l a t e d e q u i p m e n t ................................... H ou rs and Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Average weekly Avera^ejeejtly ' " ^ n i n ^ earnings industry group and i n d u s t r y Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 Jan. 1955 Dec. 1954 Jan. 1954 $70.35 76.44 59.74 78.41 $70.53 77.62 59.13 81.16 $68.43 76.22 59.13 74.64 39.3 39.0 39.3 39.8 39.4 39.4 38.9 41.2 3 9 .1 39.7 38.9 39.7 $1.79 1.96 1.52 1.97 $1.79 1.97 1.52 1.97 $1.75 1.92 1.52 1.88 91.96 96.10 93.08 99.44 85.86 89.79 42.0 42.9 42.5 44.0 40.5 41.0 2.19 2.24 2.19 2.26 2 .12 2 .19 96.75 76.63 77.97 88.60 89.23 87.95 83.41 87.98 82.35 85.46 70.12 87.38 88.29 87.12 75.14 100.11 78.38 82.88 87.77 87.56 87.34 84.21 90.09 83.10 85.36 71.51 88.88 89.38 88.40 71.19 90.42 75.58 72.56 83.23 82.21 84.67 78.28 85.07 78.66 80.14 70.53 82.32 82.89 81.54 68.78 43.0 39.5 4o.4 41.4 41.5 41.1 4o.i 41.5 39.4 39.2 40.3 39.9 40.5 39.6 40.4 44.1 40.4 42.5 41.4 41.3 41.2 40.1 42.1 39.2 38.8 41.1 40.4 41.0 40.0 38.9 4l.i 40.2 38.8 40.6 40.1 4 1.3 38.0 41.7 38.0 37.8 39-4 39.2 39.1 39.2 38.0 2.25 1.94 1.93 2.14 2.15 2.14 2.08 2.12 2.09 2.18 1.74 2.19 2.18 2.20 1.86 2.27 1.94 1.95 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.10 2.14 2.12 2.20 1.74 2.20 2.18 2.21 1.83 2.20 1.88 1.87 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.04 2.07 2 .12 1.79 2.10 2 .12 2.08 1.81 tWSTRUMEMTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS....... 74.77 75.33 72.22 40.2 40.5 39.9 1.86 1.86 1 .8 1 L a b o r a t o r y , sc i e n t i f i c , and e n g i n e e r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ................... M e c h a n i c a l m e a s u r i n g and c o n t r o l l i n g 86.09 87.97 80.50 40.8 41.3 38.7 2.11 2.13 2.08 75.39 76.38 77.49 78.09 72.83 75.11 40.1 40.2 41.0 4l.l 39.8 4o.6 1.88 1.90 1.89 1.90 1.83 1.85 67.30 58.65 83.23 66.08 67.13 59.10 82.01 65.63 66.00 58.76 8 1.16 64.62 40.3 39.1 41.0 39.1 40.2 39.4 40.8 39.3 40.0 39.7 41.2 39.4 1.6 7 1.50 2.03 1.6 9 I.67 1.50 2.01 I .67 1.6 5 1.48 1.97 1.64 66.09 67.98 64.68 74.57 73.85 59.82 66.18 71.48 67.58 79.67 76.49 58.74 63.43 66.58 63.65 71.33 70.75 60.22 40.3 41.2 41.2 41.2 40.8 39.1 40.6 42.8 42.5 43.3 41.8 38.9 39.4 40.6 40.8 40.3 40.2 38.6 1.64 1.6 5 1.57 1.81 1 .8 1 1.53 I .63 I.67 1.59 1.84 1.83 1.51 1 .6 1 1.64 1.56 1.77 1.7 6 1.56 60.06 59.58 57.68 59.80 59.63 60.65 39.0 39.2 38.2 39.6 37.5 39.9 1.54 1.52 1.51 1.51 1.59 1.52 61.46 59.13 70.76 68.63 61.50 58.58 71.04 68.51 59.30 57.42 66.23 65.46 40.7 40.5 40.9 39.9 41.0 40.4 41.3 40.3 39-8 38.8 39-9 39.2 1.51 1.46 1.73 1.7 2 1.50 1.45 I.72 I.70 1.4 9 1.48 1.66 1.6 7 ELECTRICAL MACHIHERY-Continued S t o r a g e b a t t e r i e s .......................... P r i m a r y b a t t e r i e s (d r y and w e t X - r a y and n o n - r a d i o e l e c t r o n i c tub e s . . . TRAMSPORTATtOtt EQUtPMEMT............. A u t o m o b i l e s ................................... M o t o r ve h i c l e s , b o d ies, parts, a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ................................ Trailers (truck and a u t o m o b i l e ) ......... A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s a n d p a r t s ............... A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s and p a r t s . ......... Ship Ship and b oat building building and r e p a i r i n g . ... and r e p a i r i n g .............. Railroad equipment L o c o m o t i v e s and p a r t s Railroad Other and s t r e e t ca r s t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ........... i n s t r u m e n t s ................................. Surgical, medical, and d e n t a l MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... Jewelry, silverwar e , and p l a t e d w a r e . ... J e w e l r y and f i n d i n g s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S i l v e r w a r e and p l a t e d w a r e . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musical instruments and p a r t s . . . . . . . . . . . T o y s and s p o r t i n g g o o d s .................... Games, toys, dolls, and c h i l d r e n ' s v e h i c l e s .................................... S p o r t i n g and a t h l e t i c g o o d s .............. Pens, pen c i l s , and o t h e r o f f i c e s u p p l i e s ..................................... C o s t u m e jew e l r y , buttons, n o t i o n s . ...... Fabricated plastics Other manufacturing p r o d u c t s .............. i n d u s t r i e s ........... See footnotes at end of table. Hours and Ejm tngs Tab!* C-l: Hours and gross earnings o f production w orkers or nonsupervisory em ptoyees - Continued Avera^weekly '"earning"" ''ItrLngs^ industry group and industry Jan. Dec. Jan. Jem. Dec. Jan. Jan. Dec. Jan. 1955 1954 1954 1955 1954 1954 1955 1954 1954 $81.64 79. 4 9 $ 75.08 (1/) $7^38 42.6 42.3 43.2 38.7 44.4 (i/1 78.59 $1.84 $1.93 1.84 $ 1.94 1.77 70.74 56.83 65.70 54.30 39.3 36.9 38.2 36.2 1.79 1.55 1.80 36.8 1.72 1.54 1.50 96.87 76.82 103.66 91.94 72.80 42.3 77.00 41.3 44.3 41.4 41.6 40.9 2.29 1.86 2.34 1.86 2.21 1.78 84.25 84.87 81.77 40.9 41.4 41.3 2.06 2.05 1.98 75.74 75.89 72.76 40.5 40.8 40.2 1.87 1.86 1.8 1 57.87 42.01 56.88 55.77 39.5 37.1 1.48 40.14 39.1 35.6 39.0 41.92 34.9 1.18 1.44 1.13 1.43 1.15 49.15 45.31 59-75 36.2 38.0 71.60 44.4 35.4 38.4 38.4 44.4 1.28 1.60 1.72 1.28 I .56 1.62 TTMAWMMr/O# M D PVBitC TRAMSPORTATtOM: L o ca l ra ilw a y s and bus l i n e s ............................... COMMUmCAHOM: 69,27 S w itc h b o a rd m a in te n a n c e T e le g ra p h o p e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s e m p lo y e e s 2 / . . . 3 / ................................... 4 / ............................................................................... 57.04 38.7 OTHER PUBLtC UT)HT!ES: r/MDf.WHOLESALE TRACE...................... RETAtL TRADE (EXCEPT EATtMG AMO DRtMKtMG PLACES).................... ^alforde/houles^ A u to m o tiv e and a c c e s s o rie s d e a l e r s ............. 47.42 61.18 76.81 47.08 ° F u r n i t u r e ^ L c T a p p l i a n c e stores L u m b e r and h a r d w a r e s u p p l y s t o r e s ..... /WNMMCf, M O 64.68 66.57 C le a n in g M o tio n c a r r i e r s ............................................................... and d y e in g 76.37 48.28 46.11 66.81 67.78 64.14 63.00 42.0 42.4 36.3 35.4 38.3 44.2 35.2 1.73 1.33 1.33 1.31 43.1 42.9 42.0 42.2 1.54 1.57 1.55 1.58 1.50 1.52 1.31 1.6 1 fJf/trf.58.85 107.70 In su ra n ce 61.44 p l a n t s ................................... 58.51 m . 7 5 56.51 86.83 - - - - 71.76 71.29 68.74 41.26 41.38 39.71 42.1 41.8 40.50 39.70 40.1 46.8$ 40.70 47.01 45.08 39.4 103.04 102.80 92.18 - - - - 41.8 .98 .99 .95 40.3 39.7 1.01 39.5 38.2 1.19 1.0 1 1.19 1.00 1.18 p ic t u re s : - - - - l / Not a va ilab le. 2/ Data rela te to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators; service a ssista n ts; o p e ra tic room in stru ctors; and pay-station attendants. During 1953 such employees made up 45 per cent o f the to ta l number o f nonsupervisory- employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 2/ Data rela te to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central o ffic e craftsm en; in sta lla tio n and exchange repair craftsmen; lin e , cable, and conduit craftsmen; and laborers. During 1953 such employees made up 24 percent o f the to ta l number o f nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishm ents report ing hours and earnings data. Data rela te to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated en tirely on a commission b a sis. 2 / Money payments on ly; additional value o f board, room, uniforms, and tip s , not included. .36. A d [us ted E a r mn g s Tab!e C-2: Gross a v e r a g e w eekty earnings of production w orkers in setected industries, in current and 1947-49 dottars Manufacturing Laundries Manufacturing Laundries Period Period Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 dollars dollars dollars dollars Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 1947-49 dollars dollars dollars Monthly data: Annual a verage: 1953 1939... # 23.86 23.20 1 940. .. 1941... 2938 $40.17 42.07 4703 $40.20 41.23 24.71 30.86 49.06 *23.aa $17-64 $29.70 1793 29 93 18.69 29 71 46.08 52.38 58.30 61.28 33.02 41.62 3 12 7 30.24 56.24 68.18 20.34 23.08 25 95 29.18 31.19 34-31 1943... 1946... 19^7... 44.39 43.82 49.97 57 72 52 54 32.32 52.23 38.03 66.39 67.93 69.58 69 73 27 73 30.20 32.71 36.06 36.21 34.23 1948... 54.14 34.92 59 33 52.67 33 93 37 71 72.12 63.28 70.33 70.16 62.16 68.43 34.23 34.98 33-47 33 30 34 36 34.30 64-71 67 97 7169 38.30 3989 62.67 77.79 78.09 8331 70.08 68.80 74.37 37-81 38.63 39.69 34.06 34.04 34.69 1942... 36.63 1943... 4 314 1944... 1949... 1930... 1931... 1952... -933- Tabte C-3: $72.36 $ 62.98 $ 82.25 $71.58 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June... 70.92 61.56 61.98 61.59 61.26 61.85 62.28 82.34 79.04 73.06 71.67 76.32 71.48 §8-12 July... Aug?... Sept... Oct.... Nov.... Dec.... 70.92 Dec.... 122^ 71.28 70.71 70.20 71.13 71.68 83.00 $ 40.60 $35.34 39.70 34.46 34.61 34.49 63.64 62.54 39.80 39.60 40.80 66.37 40.30 35.60 35-04 7 2 .11 40.50 35-19 34.72 34.26 61.56 61.79 62.65 63.07 75.39 65.44 40.00 71.06 71.86 72.22 82.09 81.17 71.38 39-40 70.77 76.45 40.50 40.50 73.57 74.12 64.20 64.85 88.29 92.01 77.04 40.40 80.50 40.70 35.31 35-37 35.25 35.61 73.97 64.72 92.26 80.72 40.50 35-43 87.54 1955 Jan.... A v e r a g e w eek ty earnings, gross and net spendabte, o f production workers in manufacturing industries, in current and 194 7 -4 9 dottars weekly earning s Period Index Amount (1947-49 =100) Net spendable average weekly earnings Worker with 3 dependents tTdependinL 1947-49 dollars weekly Amount (1947-49 1947-49 =100) dollars Annual average : earnings Index Period iver.ge^ekly^r.ings Worker with 3 . ." dep end s Current dollars 1947-49 d^"rl 1947-49 Monthly data: 45.1 476 55.9 $23.38 24.69 28.03 1942— 19 4 3 ... 1944___ 36.65 43.14 46.08 69.2 si.3 87.0 31-77 36.01 38.29 45 58 48.66 50.92 36.28 41-39 44.06 52.03 55 93 38.P9 1945.... 1946___ 1947... 44.39 43.82 49 97 83.8 82.8 94.4 36.97 37 72 42.76 48.08 43 23 44.77 42.74 43.20 48.24 35.58 31.80 30.31 1948.... 1949.- -. 1950.... 34.14 54.92 39 33 102.2 103.7 112.0 47 43 48.09 5109 46.14 47-24 49 70 33-17 3383 57-21 31.72 32.88 33.6? 1951.... 1952.... 1933... 64.71 67 97 71.69 122.2 128.4 135.4 54.04 55.66 58.34 48.68 49-04 31.17 61.28 63.62 66.58 35.21 56.03 38.20 $39 70 $23.62 $39.76 41.22 41.63 24.93 29.28 44.39 46.53 1953 Dec. . . . $72.36 1954 J a n .... 70.92 F eb.. . . 71.28 Mar.... 70.71 A p r .... 70.20 May.... 71.13 June... 71.68 136.7 $59.06 $51.40 $6 7.11 $58.41 133.9 134.6 133.5 132.6 134.3 135.4 58.80 59.09 58.63 58.22 58.97 59.41 51.04 51.38 51.07 50.80 51.28 51.62 66.00 66.30 65.83 65.41 66.18 66.63 57.29 57.65 57.34 57.08 57.55 57.89 J u ly . .. Aug. ... S ep t. .. O ct. ... N o v .... D e c .. .. 70.92 71.06 71.86 72.22 73.57 74.12 133.9 134.2 135.7 136.4 138.9 i4o.o 58.80 58.91 59.55 59.84 60.92 61.36 51.04 51.23 51.92 52.26 53.16 53.68 66.00 66.12 66.78 67.07 68.18 68.63 57.29 57.50 58.22 58.58 59.49 60.04 1955 Jan. ... 73.97 139.7 61.15 53.50 68.41 cc 1939.- -- $23.86 1940— 23.20 1941— 29 58 -2L Adjusted Earmngs Tabte C-4: A verage hourty earnings, gross and exctuding overtim e, o f production workers in manufacturing industries Manufacturing Period Gross Amount Durable Excluding overtime Am o u n t Gross goods Excluding Nondurable Gross go o d s Excluding Index ( 1947-49 - Amount Amount Amount Amount 100) A nnua l average: 1941............ 19^2............ 1943......... $0,729 .853 .961 $0,702 .805 .894 54.5 62.5 69.4 $0,808 .947 1059 $0,770 .881 .976 $0,640 723 .803 $0,625 .698 763 1944......... 1943............ 1946......... 1.019 1.023 1.086 .947 1/.963 1.0 51 73-5 1 /74.8 81.6 1.117 1.111 1.15 6 1.029 1/1.042 1.122 .861 .904 1.0 15 .814 1/.858 .981 1947......... 1948......... 1949......... 1.2 37 1.350 1.401 1.19 8 1.310 1.367 93.0 101.7 106.1 1.292 1.4 10 1.469 1.250 1.366 1.434 1 .1 7 1 1.278 1.325 1133 1.241 1.292 1930............ 1931......... 1952......... 1953......... 1.465 1.59 1.6 7 1.77 1.4 15 1.53 1.6 1 1 .7 1 1099 118.8 125.0 132.8 1.537 1.6 7 1.77 1.8 7 1.480 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.378 1.48 1.54 1 .6 1 1.337 1.43 1.49 1.56 Monthly data: 1953: Dec.... 1.80 1.7 4 135-1 1.90 1.84 1.64 1.59 1954: Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... 1.80 1.80 1.79 1.80 1 .8 1 1 .8 1 1.7 6 1.7 5 1.7 5 1.7 5 1.76 1.7 6 136.6 135.9 135-9 135-9 136.6 136.6 1 .9 1 1.90 1.90 1.90 1 .9 1 1 .9 1 1.86 1.8 5 1.85 1.8 5 1.86 1.86 1.6 5 1.6 5 1.6 5 1.6 5 1.6 6 1.66 1 .6 1 1 .6 1 1.6l 1 .6 1 1.6 2 1.62 Sept.... Oct..... Nov.... 1.80 1.79 1 .8 1 1 .8 1 1.83 1.83 1.76 1.74 1.76 1.7 6 1 .7 7 1 .7 7 136.6 135.1 136.6 136.6 137.4 137.4 1 .9 1 1 .9 1 1.93 1.93 1.94 1.95 1.86 1.8 5 1.8 7 1.8 7 1.88 1.88 1.6 6 1.6 5 1.6 6 1.66 1 .6 7 1.6 7 1.62 1.60 1.6l 1 .6 1 1.6 2 1.6 2 Jan.... 1.84 1.78 138.2 1.9 6 1.89 1.68 1.63 June.... July.... 1955: l/ 11-month average; Auguat 1945 excluded becauae of YJ-day holiday period. Man-Hour tndexes Tabte C-5. tndexes of aggregate weekty man-hours in industriat and construction activity^ (19 4 7 - 4 9 = 100) M a n u f a c t u r i n g -- D u r a b l e Period 19 4 7 ............. 1948. 1949. 1950. 1951. 1952. 1953. TOTAL 2/ Mining division 103.6 ,103.4 93-0 101.5 109.5 109.7 113.5 1953: Dec..... 1954: Jan.... Feb..... Mar.... Apr.... July.... Aug.... Sept.... 1955: construction division 105.1 105.4 94.6 103.4 89.5 102.0 109.1 91.0 124.1 95.0 90.9 HE 106.1 103.2 92.0 101.1 108.4 108.4 104.1 89.7 102.7 115.7 113.7 107.0 102.7 90.3 99-6 125.5 94.7 99.2 997 98.6 997 102.7 969 94.0 118.4 96.4 812.7 86.1 9 2 .1 92.8 92.9 89.2 89.4 91.6 764.1 7 1 2 .1 654.3 587.8 542.0 522.1 9 1.7 96.1 97.6 96 .1 93.6 95.6 506.1 489.9 494.7 490.5 483.7 480.5 80.6 83.2 93 .1 466.2 87.8 116.6 120.6 108.4 98.3 103.8 H3.7 106.0 109.8 103.5 102.5 112.5 110.6 122.5 99.5 99.1 108.1 107.2 129.4 100.0 107.0 132.7 135.4 129.4 97.4 102.2 100.1 101.4 102.2 103.5 104.7 107.3 11 0 .1 1 1 1 .2 100.2 102.c 72.5 74.8 103.1 115.9 103.8 71.3 73.0 129.3 104.3 73.7 Dec.... 103.7 74.5 114.5 103.5 104.1 Jan.... 100.6 73.8 101.6 102.2 Furniture and fixtures M a n u f acturing - Durable Stone, clay, Primary metal and glass industries 103.1 102.1 107.6 9 1 .1 107.4 290.4 625.0 826.7 82.9 73.9 71.5 72.3 75.4 (e x c e p t 101.2 108.4 80.3 78.0 wood products furniture) 86.6 101.9 102.4 and accessories 127.5 124.2 10 1.8 99.9 100.4 10 2.1 goods Total: Ordnance 104.8 124.1 Period Total: 109.9 goods - C o n t i n u e d Fabricated Machinery me t a l (e x c e p t electrical) 79.6 82.3 84.1 85.3 88.5 93.8 92.3 97.7 95.9 91.8 Transput!Electrical machinery average: 1947... 1948.., 1949..1950... 1951... 1952... 1953... 103.3 104.6 92.1 1 1 1 .5 105.9 106.2 108.2 102.8 103.9 93.3 102.9 111.4 104.3 106.6 105.4 106.6 88.0 104.1 115 .7 104.6 114.0 106.7 103.8 89.4 106.5 115.8 112.1 123.7 108.3 106.6 85.1 94.0 116.9 118.4 118.9 111.1 102.9 86.0 107.6 123.7 131.2 148.0 102.9 100.9 96.3 106.1 124.5 138.0 158.7 M o n t h l y data: 1953: Dec..... 10 1.4 103.2 105.4 115.4 112.3 138.3 1 5 1 .1 1954: Jan..... Feb..... Mar..... Apr.... 96.1 96.7 96.2 9 1.6 88.8 90.0 96.2 97.8 98.2 97.3 97.6 97.8 101.4 97.5 94.4 92.8 92.4 94.0 112.9 111.5 109.4 106.9 107.8 107.5 109.4 108.6 106.6 103.7 102.0 100.6 1 3 1 .1 130.6 127.9 123.8 122.0 119 .8 148.6 144.0 141.0 138.6 136.0 131.9 Dec.... 88.9 96.6 99.7 10 1.7 101.0 100.7 96.7 99.9 100.7 102.2 102.2 10 1.5 96.9 98.5 102.8 105.5 106.0 108.0 110.8 1 1 1 .7 109.2 95.9 94.9 95.3 94.8 95.1 97.5 98.0 1 1 7 .2 12 1.5 125.5 128.7 131.5 130.6 12 8 .1 127.0 124.2 118.3 125.6 138.2 144.8 1955: Jan.... 91.5 91.6 91.5 92.7 96.2 98.7 100.3 Aug.... Sept.... Oct..... 145.5 See footnotes at end of table. .^ 2 - Man Hour [ndexes Tabte C-5. in d ex es o f a g g r e g a te w e e k iy m an-hours in industria! and construction a ctivity ^ C ontinued (1947-49 = 100) Manufacturing — Durable goods—Con. Manufacturing - Nondurable goods Period Textile-mi11 and^r^llted ma^fJ^es 1947.......... 107.5 1948. 1949. 1950. 1951. 1952. 1953. 89.5 97.4 117.5 122.7 129.1 104.2 91.2 101.3 103.1 100.5 109.8 128.1 1953: Dec.... 1954: Jan.... Feb.... Mar..... May.... June.... July.... Aug.... Sept.... Oct.... Nov..... 1955: Period Annual average: 1947.......... 1948. 1949. 1950. 1951. 1952. 1953. 1953: Dec.... 1954: Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... June.... July.... Sept.... Oct.... Nov.... 103.0 121.9 120.9 118.9 114.3 112.0 110.2 106.8 106.6 109.8 110.0 110.7 104.6 103.9 100.0 105.9 101.0 96.1 95.2 95.9 94.7 93.5 93.1 89.2 91.2 92.2 90.1 107.5 89.4 98.7 83.8 81.8 81.5 81.3 102.1 101.0 96.6 95.6 96.4 91.6 97.8 101.6 84.2 89.4 94.8 101.0 104.6 103.9 95.8 103.8 91.0 90.0 101.7 83.2 103.5 87.3 80.1 75.0 73.5 75.5 78.4 78.1 97.4 107.9 78.5 79.5 79.2 76.5 111.0 99.9 87.3 94.0 95.4 109.8 95.3 81.4 84.9 102.6 102.3 95.1 105.4 109.9 105.9 111.4 111.1 107.6 107.5 107.8 105.7 106.9 108.5 107.2 109.0 110.2 110.4 110.7 109.6 a1Med' ^'ust^i es 101.4 100.5 98.0 99.5 101.6 102.7 105.5 109.0 104.3 103.7 105.4 104.0 " . - H r 103.3 102.6 94.1 97.2 105.5 104.7 107.8 106.1 105.0 104.4 104.9 103.8 101.8 104.0 104.9 101.0 103.9 104.5 106.7 106.5 106.5 108.1 99.4 99.9 102.3 103.1 103.3 103.6 99.6 101.6 98.8 103.0 101.9 104.5 106.8 m.4 Paper and allied products 104.5 105.7 finished textile products 99.0 102.7 98.3 97.3 102.1 98.2 100.9 97.3 95-3 94.9 94.0 94.0 97.4 99.3 98.6 97.5 96.7 94.0 93.8 92.2 89.9 100.1 96.0 90.7 98.2 104.3 106.1 76.0 78.0 93.8 91.5 91.9 75.8 79.6 101.0 80.2 81.6 83.2 91.8 100.6 99.6 84.1 101.0 102.8 82.3 101.7 Rubber products 109.8 102.0 88.1 101.9 108.5 108.4 111.7 102.8 100.1 99.1 96.4 95.0 98.3 105.8 100.8 93.4 97.8 92.1 96.9 96.4 92.3 91.9 94.9 93.8 85.3 82.2 100.1 87.4 85.8 87.0 98.2 103.6 105.6 109.8 90.3 92.9 88.1 86.6 90.3 93.1 Jan.... 102.6 92,2 104.7 107.7 109.3 ^ 94.1 1/ Aggregate man-hours are for the weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month and do not represent totals for the month. For mining and manufacturing industries, data refer to production and related workers. For contract construction, the data relate to construction workers. 2/ Includes only the divisions shown. 40 S t j k' j n J \f^j Hours j f i J f jnnnos Tab!e C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas Average veekly earnings State and area 1954 1955 Average veekly hours 1955 i<?54 Average hourly earnings 195it 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. Jan. Dec. Jan. Jan. Dec. Jan. ALABAMA.................. Birmingham Mobile $57.42 72.68 67.43 $58.29 72.47 72.28 $54.95 71.56 64.08 39.6 39.5 39-9 40.2 39-6 41.3 38.7 40.2 39.8 $1.45 1.84 1.69 $1.45 I.83 1.75 $1.42 1.78 1.61 ARIZONA.................. Phoenix 81.18 81.39 80.77 79.79 82.06 81.34 4i.o 40.9 41.0 40.3 42.3 41.5 1.98 1.99 1.97 1.98 1.94 1.96 ARKANSAS................. Little RockN. Little Rock 51.46 52.48 48.64 40.2 41.0 38.6 1.28 1.28 1.26 50.96 51.34 46.17 41.1 41.4 38.8 1.24 1.24 1.19 83.27 72.93 83.78 79.14 80.23 68.11 80.44 76.52 (1/) 40.3 38.1 4l.l 38.4 39.6 36.5 40.2 37.9 (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) 2.06 1.91 2.04 2.06 2.02 1.86 2.00 2.02 78.40 81.92 82.14 76.25 77.67 (1/) (V) (1/) 78.22 85.16 84.89 79.32 76.85 (1/) (1/) 39.2 40.7 39.4 39.1 38.8 40.1 40.8 38.9 38.4 38.8 (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) 1.99 2.09 2.16 2.03 1.98 1.95 2.01 2.11 1.99 2.00 COLORADO................. Denver 75-39 73.60 73-23 73.45 71.02 70.62 40.1 40.0 39.8 39.7 39.9 39.9 1.88 1.84 1.84 1.85 1.78 1.77 CONNECTICUT.............. Bridgeport Hartford Nev Britain Nev Haven Stamford Waterbury 75-67 77.55 76.26 72.00 70.75 79 99 75-11 75.38 77.90 79.80 71.42 71.63 81.40 74.30 72.14 74.03 77.70 71.20 65.66 77-39 69.91 40.9 40.6 41.0 40.0 40.2 39.6 40.6 41.3 4l.o 42.0 39.9 40.7 40.7 40.6 40.3 39.8 42.0 40.0 38.4 40.1 39.5 1.85 1.91 1.86 1.80 1.76 2.02 1.85 1.83 1.90 1.90 1.79 1.76 2.00 1.83 1.79 1.86 1.85 1.78 1 .7 1 1.93 1.7 7 DELAWARE................. Wilmington 72.95 85.60 74.44 88.86 71.71 83.29 39.8 40.3 40.7 41.6 39.4 40.2 1.83 2.12 1.83 2.14 1.82 2.07 FLORIDA.................. Tampa-St. Petersburg 57-95 58.10 56.23 59.50 56.53 55-73 42.3 41.5 42.5 42.5 42.5 41.9 1.37 1.40 1.37 1.40 1.33 1.33 GEORGIA.................. Atlanta Savannah 52.14 65.45 68.53 52.53 65.93 69.93 49.79 65.69 64.27 39.8 4o.4 42.3 40.1 40.7 42.9 38.6 40.8 41.2 1.31 1.62 1.62 1.31 1.62 1.63 1.29 1.61 1.56 IDAHO.................... 79.49 79-15 77.30 41.4 42.1 40.9 1.92 1.88 1.89 ILLINOIS................. Chicago 79.10 82.02 78.82 81.96 75.90 78.64 40.5 40.4 40.7 40.7 4o.o 39.9 1.95 2.03 1.94 2.01 1.90 1.9 7 INDIANA.................. 79-97 80.43 76.07 40.5 40.8 39-4 1.98 1.97 1.93 IOWA..................... Des Moines 74.47 78.80 74.99 78.52 69.83 73-11 41.3 39.5 41.6 39.3 40.4 39.1 1.80 2.00 1.80 2.00 1.73 1.87 KANSAS.................. ^ Topeka Wichita 81.66 84.54 85.27 61.48 83.31 86.28 75-86 68.08 75.44 42.2 44.4 42.6 42.4 45.O 43.1 40.7 41.2 38.9 1.94 1.90 2.00 1.92 1.85 2.00 1.86 1.65 1.94 KENTUCKY................ ^ 67.55 67.66 2/64.53 40.6 40.6 2/40.0 1.66 1.67 2/1.62 LOUISIANA 2/ ............ Baton Rouge Nev Orleans 66.75 92.57 65.07 65.72 90.54 65.24 64.15 89.79 63.50 40.7 4o.6 39.2 42.4 40.6 39.3 40.6 4i.o 39.2 1.64 2.28 1.66 1.55 2.23 1.66 1.58 2.19 1.62 CALIFORNIA............... Fresno Los Angeles Sacramento San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario San Diego San Francisco-Oakland San Jose Stockton (1/) (l/) (l/) (1/) (l/) (l/) (1/) (1/) (1/) See footnotes at end of table. 4i State and Area Houis and Larmngs Tabte C-& Hours and gross earnings of production w o& ers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas - Continued State and area Avera ?e veekly earnings 195^ 1955 Jan. Ja n . Dec. Averaf:e v e e k l y hours 1954 1955 _ Average hourly earnings 1955 ".. I55H' Jan. D e c. Jan. Jan. D ec. Jan. MAINE 3/............... Portland 3/ $59.26 63.02 $59.06 6 1.10 $56.64 59-18 41.0 41.3 40.8 40.2 40.5 40.6 $1.44 1.53 $1.45 1.52 $1.40 1.46 MARYLAND............... Baltimore 71.80 75.54 72.30 76.26 66.15 69.61 40.4 40.7 40.6 40.9 38.5 38.9 1.78 1.86 1.78 1.87 1.72 1.79 MASSACHUSETTS.......... Boston Fall River Nev Bedford Springfield-Holyoke Worcester 66.80 68.73 (1 /) (1 /) (1 /) a/) 67.20 69.87 54.32 57.42 72.85 74.34 66.19 67.86 51.80 53.68 71.51 69.92 40.0 39.5 (1/) (1/) (1/) (1/) 40.0 39.7 38.8 39.6 40.7 4o.4 39.4 39.0 37.0 37.8 4o.4 39.5 1.6 7 1.74 (1 /) (I/) (I/) (1 /) 1.68 1.7 6 1.40 1.45 1.79 1.84 1.68 1.74 i.4o 1.42 1.77 1.77 MICHIGAN.............. Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Lansing Muskegon Saginav 93.15 94.50 106.40 82.72 101.22 86.72 88.37 95.26 101.30 98.73 84.34 94-55 84.96 87.19 88.46 91.58 99.36 83.01 92.30 81.07 83.19 42.4 41.5 46.1 41.4 44.2 4l.l 4 1.9 43.2 43.7 43.8 4 1.9 42.4 40.4 4 1.7 41.3 40.9 44.3 41.8 41.5 38.9 4l.i 2.20 2.28 2 .3 1 2.00 2.29 2 .1 1 2 .1 1 2 .2 1 2.32 2.25 2.01 2.23 2.10 2.09 2.14 2.24 2.24 1.99 2.22 2.08 2.02 MINNESOTA............. Duluth Minneapolis St. Paul 76.44 75.60 74.50 79-95 76.38 75-66 75.03 79.69 73.04 71.92 73.36 76.72 40.9 39.0 39.9 40.3 41.1 39.4 40.2 40.4 40.5 38.2 40.5 39.9 1.8 7 1.94 1.8 7 1.98 1.86 1.92 1.8 7 1.97 1.80 1.88 1.8 1 1.92 MISSISSIPPI............ 47.52 50.83 48.96 51.18 46.98 48.19 39.6 39.4 40.8 40.3 40.5 39.5 1.20 1.2 9 1.20 1.2 7 1 .1 6 1.22 MISSOURI............... Kansas City St. Louis 69.28 (1 /) (1/) 69.50 78.26 75.56 67.87 75.79 72.66 39.3 (1/) (1/) 39.6 40.5 4o.i 39.2 40.2 39.5 1.76 (1 /) (1 /) 1.7 6 1.93 1.89 1.73 1.89 1.84 MONTANA............... 83.54 79.82 80.42 41.6 39.9 40.4 2.01 2.00 1.99 NEBRASKA............... (I/) 70.60 66.31 (1 /) 42.3 40.7 (1/) 1.6 7 1.63 NEVADA................ 87.42 87.02 91.37 4o.i 4o.i 42.5 2 .18 2 .1 7 2.15 NEW HAMPSHIRE.......... Manchester 59.60 56.63 59.62 56.77 56.68 54.81 4i.i 39.6 41.4 39.7 40.2 38.6 1.45 1.43 1.44 1.43 l.4l 1.42 NEW JERSEY............. Nevark-Jersey City Paterson Perth Amboy Trenton 76.46 77.28 76.86 77-14 76.08 76.95 77.51 78.31 78.07 76.01 72.79 74.52 72.51 73.89 69.89 40.2 40.0 4l.l 40.2 40.6 40.5 40.2 41.7 4o.6 40.8 39.2 39.2 39.3 39.2 38.7 1.90 1.93 1.8 7 1.92 1.8 7 1.90 1.93 1.88 1.92 1.86 1.86 1.90 1.84 1.88 l.8l NEW MEXICO............. Albuquerque 84.61 76.48 82.20 78.02 79.35 72.09 4o.i 40.9 4i.i 41.5 40.9 40.5 2 .1 1 1.8 7 2.00 1.88 1.94 1.78 NEW YORK............... Albany-Schene ctady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Nassau and Suffolk Counties Nev York City Rochester Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County 73.52 77.47 65.77 86.98 74.59 73.61 78.50 68.14 88.36 75.43 70.76 75.50 65.91 82.70 72.10 39.0 39.5 37.5 41.2 39.9 39.5 4o.i 39.0 41.8 40.5 38.5 39.1 38.2 40.8 39.6 1.88 1.9 6 1.75 2 .1 1 1.8 7 1.8 7 1.96 1.75 2 .1 1 1.86 1.84 1.93 1.73 2.03 1.82 84.04 70.63 77-54 76.80 71.75 71.52 85.56 70.23 77-23 76.92 70.88 75-21 75.91 68.11 77.10 73.80 68.17 68.30 40.9 37.5 4o.i 40.7 4o.i 39.0 41.4 38.0 4o.o 40.8 40.1 40.5 38.1 36.9 40.5 40.4 39.2 38.1 2.05 1.88 1.93 1.89 1.79 1.83 2.07 1.85 1.93 1.89 1.77 1.86 1.99 1.85 1.90 1.83 1.74 1.79 Jackson See footnotes at end of table. 42 SLitc jn d \twi HcLi!S j M U [jrmn^s Tabte C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas - Continued State and area Avera^;e veekly earnings IS<54 _ 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. Averaite veekly hours 1955 1$54 Dec. Jan. Jan. Average hourly earnings 1954 1955 Jan. Dec. Jan. NORTH CAROLINA......... Charlotte Greensboro-High Point $49.78 53.06 49.66 $50.93 54.10 50.96 $45.63 50.70 46.46 39.2 40.5 38.2 40.1 41.3 39.2 36.8 39.0 36.3 $1.27 1.31 1.30 $1.27 1.31 1.30 $1.24 1.30 1.28 NORTH DAKOTA........... Fargo 64.34 74.93 66.94 74.67 66.04 65.70 41.6 45.4 43.9 43.7 43.2 40.1 1-55 1.65 1.53 1.71 1.53 1.64 OHIO.................. Cincinnati Cleveland 83.15 75.98 87.37 82.72 78.67 86.12 78.60 73.21 83.58 40.5 39.9 41.3 40.7 41.4 41.3 39.8 40.0 40.6 2.05 1.90 2.12 2.03 1.90 2.09 1.97 1.83 2.06 OKLAHOMA............... Oklahoma City Tulsa 72 .21 68.36 78.69 71.86 69.17 78.12 71.10 70.85 76.19 41.5 42.2 41.2 41.3 42.7 40.9 4i.i 43.2 40.1 1.74 1.6 2 1.91 1.74 1.62 1.91 1.73 1.64 1.90 OREGON................ Portland 88.92 82.36 86.76 80.23 81.99 76.95 40.0 39-2 39.6 38.7 38.6 38.4 2.22 2.10 2.19 2.07 2 .12 2.00 PENNSYLVANIA........... Allentovn-BethlehemEaston Erie Harrisburg Lancaster Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton York 72.26 72.16 70.20 38.9 39.1 38.3 1.86 I.85 1.83 65.87 78.47 59.62 64.16 75-52 84.42 65.64 54.89 50.73 62.15 63.68 76.44 58.73 63.55 76.97 84.21 65.03 53.78 51.85 62.85 64.51 75.91 62.26 60.26 71.28 82.26 62.94 53-84 50.20 62.53 37.3 41.0 37.1 40.4 39.5 39.8 38.7 38.2 37.3 40.2 36.6 40.4 37.1 40.4 40.3 39.5 38.8 37.4 37.9 4o.6 36.8 40.4 38.1 38.8 38.3 39.7 37.8 37.7 36.3 39.8 1.77 1.91 1 .6 1 1.59 1 .9 1 2 .12 1.70 1.44 1.3 6 1.55 1.74 I.89 1.58 1.57 1.91 2.13 1.68 1.44 1.37 1.55 1.75 1.88 1.63 1.55 1.86 2.07 1.6 7 1.43 1.38 1.57 RHODE ISLAND jt/........ Providence 61.29 64.14 61.84 62.78 58.86 59.89 4o.4 42.2 40.7 41.3 38.7 39.4 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 SOUTH CAROLINA......... Charleston 52.22 54.40 51.94 52.78 48.88 50.96 40.8 40.0 40.9 39.1 39.1 39.5 1.2 8 1.3 6 1.2 7 1.35 1.2 5 1.29 SOUTH DAKOTA........... Sioux Falls 73-26 82.15 70.47 8 1.17 68.78 77.25 47.0 50.2 45.0 49.4 44.4 47.4 1.5 6 1.64 1.57 1.64 1.55 1.63 59.20 60.34 68.21 68.16 58.66 59.54 60.25 68.85 69.01 60.09 56.98 57-57 65.24 62.99 57.62 40.0 39.7 39.2 42.6 39.5 40.5 39.9 39.8 43.4 40.6 39.3 38.9 39.3 40.9 39.2 1.48 1.52 1.74 1.60 1.4 9 1.4 7 1.51 1.73 1.59 1.48 1.45 1.48 1.66 1.54 1.4 7 TEXAS............................... 72.80 73-33 70.86 4 1.7 4 1.9 41.2 1.75 1.75 1.72 UTAH.................. Salt Lake City 76.61 75-55 76.73 76.31 76.33 75-99 39.9 4o.4 4o.6 4 1.7 40.6 41.3 1.9 2 1.8 7 1.89 1.83 1.88 1.84 VERMONT............................ 59.86 59-40 70.73 59.26 59-51 70.25 61.35 60.94 78.04 40.8 39.4 40.8 40.5 39.6 40.3 41.2 40.2 43.1 1.4 7 1.51 1.73 1.46 1.50 1.75 1.49 1.52 1.8 1 VIRGINIA.............. Norfolk-Port smouth Richmond 57.46 65.60 6 1.10 57.92 65.57 64.06 55.63 60.52 57.57 4i.o 39.9 40.2 40.5 41.5 41.6 38.9 39.3 38.9 1.44 1.60 1.52 1.43 1.58 1.54 1.43 1.54 1.48 WASHINGTON............. Seattle Spokane Tacoma 85.01 81.70 87.65 80.82 83.45 80.42 82.62 81.22 81.22 79.51 78.48 79.34 39.6 38.7 42.1 38.9 39.3 38.6 4o.o 38.7 39.2 39.2 39.9 38.6 2.14 2 .1 1 2.08 2.08 2.12 2.08 2.06 2.10 2.07 2.03 1.97 2.06 Chattanooga Knoxville Memphis Nashville Burlington Springfield See footnotes at end of table. .n. S t j t c and Area Houis jtid tjrninos Tab!e C-& Hours and gross earnings of production wodters in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas - Continued Avera]5e weekly hours Avera Ke weekly earnings State and area 1955 Jan. . Dee. )54 Average hourly earnings Jan. Jan. Dec. Jan. 1955 Jan. Dec. IS54 . 1955 19 54 ! Jan. WEST VIRGINIA............ Charleston $70.87 86.94 $72.52 90.85 $69.72 85.24 38.1 39.7 39-2 40.2 38.1 39.1 $1.86 2 .19 $1.85 2.26 $1.83 2.18 WISCONSIN................ Kenosha La Crosse 77.29 88.63 79.56 77.44 82.18 82.71 77.36 82.91 83.10 79-82 82.50 61.72 74.74 77.92 71.00 82.66 81.14 78.27 41.1 41.8 4o.8 38.8 41.3 40.4 42.1 40.0 40.3 40.5 40.7 39.3 38.0 41.3 40.2 40.1 1.88 2 .12 1.95 2.00 2.06 2.03 1.87 2.05 1.97 2.00 2.05 2.02 1.84 1.98 1.87 2.00 2.02 1-95 81.87 93.14 85.90 94.80 83.81 96.88 38.8 39.3 41.9 40.1 41.4 2 .1 1 2.37 2.05 2.37 2.09 2.34 Madison Milwaukee Racine WYOMING.................. Casper 4o.o 40.8 4o.o l/ Not available. 2/ Not comparable with current data shown. 2/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 44 Expianatory Notes tNTRODUCHON The statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, com prehensive, accurate, and detailed information for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators, labor unions, research workers, and the general public, and are an integral part of the Federal statistical system. Current statistics on employment, labor turn over, hours, and earnings are basic indicators of economic change. They are widely used in following business developments and in making decisions in such fields as marketing, personnel, plant location, and government policy. The BLS employment statistics program also provides data used in making official indexes of production, productivity, and national income. The Bureau publishes monthly statistics on employ ment, and hours and earnings for the Nation, for all states,and for selected metropolitan areas. For employment, the total of employees in nonagricultural establishments is shown; for hours and earnings, data are available for production workers in manufacturing and selected groups in nonmanufacturing industries. Within these broad activities data are published in varying industry detail. Labor turnover rates are presented for both total manufacturing and component groups, as well as for selected mining and commmications industries. Statistics on the number and proportion of women employees in manufacturing industries and turnover rates for men and women separately are published quarterly. In addition, earnings adjusted for price changes, Federal taxes, and overtime for selected in dustries appear monthly, as well as indexes of pro duction-worker aggregate weekly man-hours for major manufacturing groups. These data are reprinted regularly in the ^ n t h l y Labor Review. Each of the series, from the earliest period to date, may be obtained by writing to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics. Such requests should specify the industry series desired. More detailed descriptions of these series are available through reprints of Technical Notes which may be obtained upon request: "Technical Note on the Measurement of Industrial Employment" "Technical Note on Measurement of Labor Turnover" "Technical Note on Hours and Earnings in Nonagricultural Industries" Section A - EMPLOYMENT Definition of Employment BLS employment statistics represent the total number of full- and part-time nonagricultural workers on establishment payrolls during a specified period each msnth. Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick-leave, paid holiday, or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the specified pay period and are unemployed or on strike during the other part of the period are counted as employed. Persons are not considered employed who are laid off or are on leave without pay, who are on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in house holds are also excluded. Government employment covers only civilian employees. Employment data for nongovernmental establishments refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Current data for Federal Government establishments generally refer to persons who worked on, or received pay for, the last day of the month; for State and local government, persons who received pay for any part of the pay period ending on, or im mediately prior to, the last day of the month. Beginning with January 1952, the data for Federal employment are not strictly comparable with those for prior years, primarily as a result of changes in defi nition. For the national series and except for a few states and areas as noted the following changes were made starting with that month: (l) data refer to the last day of the month rather than the first of the month; (2) employment of the Federal Reserve Banks and of the mixed ownership banks of the Farm Credit Admin istration was transferred from the Federal total to the "Banks and Trust Companies" group of the "Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate" division; (3) fourth-class postmasters, formerly included only in the table show ing Federal civilian employment, are now included in all tables showing government series. Collection of Establishment Reports The employment program is based on establishment payroll reports. An establishment is defined as a single physical location, such as a factory, mine, or store where business is conducted. In the case of a company with several plants or establishments, the BLS endeavors to obtain separate reports from each business unit which maintains separate payroll records, since each may be classified in a different industry. The BLS, with the cooperation of State agencies, collects current employment, payroll, and man-hour in formation by means of "shuttle" schedules (BLS 790 Forms) mailed monthly to individual establishments. This shuttle schedule, which has been used by BLS for more than 20 years, is designed to assist firms to report consistently, accurately, and with a minimum of cost. State agencies mail the forms to the establish ments and examine the returns for consistency, accu racy, and completeness. The states use the informa tion to prepare State and area series and then send the schedules to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use in preparing the national series. Each questionnaire provides a line for the State agency to enter data for December of the previous year, as well as lines for the cooperating establishments to report for each month of the cur rent calendar year. The December data, copied from the completed previous year's form, give the reporter a means for comparison when reporting for January as an aid to collection of consistent data. The same form is returned each month to the reporting establish ment to be completed. Definitions of terms are de scribed in detail in the instructions on each form. Industrial Classification Code. (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports Erom nonmanufacturing establish ments. Benchmark Data Coverage of Establishment Reports The Bureau of Labor Statistics obtains monthly reports from approximately 155,000 establishments, distributed by industry as shown by the following table. The table also shows the approximate proporticn of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual indus tries within the divisions may vary from the propor tions shown. Approximate size and coverage of monthly sample used in BLS employment and payroll statistics Number of Employees establish ments in Number in Percent sample of total 3,300 440,000 50 783,000 Contract construction.. 19,700 28 44,100 11,207,000 68 Transportation and public utilities: Interstate rail — roads (ICC)....... 1,357,000 96 Other transportation and public utilities 13*600 1 ,430,000 (BLS)............. 51 Wholesale and retail 60,300 1,389,000 19 Finance, insurance, and real estate..... 10,600 486,000 25 Service and miscellaneous: Hotels and lodging 1,300 145,000 31 Personal services: Laundries and cleaning and 2,300 99,000 dyeing plants.... 19 Government: Federal (Civil Service — Commission) ........ 2,368,000 100 State and local — (Bureau of the Census) 2,760,000 67 Division or industry Some firms do not report payroll and man-hour information. Therefore, hours and earnings estimates are based on a slightly smaller sample than employment estimates. Classification of Establishment Reports To present meaningful tabulations of employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover data, establish ments are classified into industries on the basis of the principal product or activity determined from in formation on annual sales volume. This information is collected annually on a product supplement to the monthly report. The supplement provides for reporting the percentage of total sales represented by each pro duct. In the case of an establishment making more than one product, the entire employment of the plant is included under the industry indicated by the most important product. The titles and descriptions of industries presented in the 1945 Standard Industrial Classification Manual. Vol. I (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying reports fi*om manufacturing establishments; the 1942 Experience with employment statistics has shown that without adjustment to new benchmarks, the employ ment estimate tends toward understatement which becomes larger as the distance from the earlier bench mark increases. To adjust for this, the estimates must be periodically compared with actual counts of employment in the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate revisions made as indicated by the total counts or benchmarks. Basic sources of benchmark information are quar terly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establish ments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unemployment insurance laws because of their snail size. For in dustries not covered by either of the two programs, benchmarks are compiled from special establishment censuses: for example, for interstate railroads, Arom establishment data reported to the ICC; for State and local government, from data reported to the Bureau of the Census; for the Federal government, from agency data compiled by the Civil Service Commission. Estab lishments are classified into the same industrial groupings for benchmark purposes as they are for monthly reporting. At the time new benchmark data become available, the BLS estimates which had been prepared for the benchmark quarter are compared with the levels of the benchmarks, industry by industry. Where revisions are necessary, the levels are adjusted between the new benchmark and the last previous one. Following revi sion for these intermediate periods, the industry data from the most recent benchmark are projected to the current month by application of the sample trends used prior to the revision. The benchmark establishes the level, while the sample determines the trend. Estimating Method The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both "all employees" and "production and re lated vorkers" are published (i.e., manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; the first step of this method is also used for industries for which only figures on "all employees" are pub lished. The first step is to compute total employment (all employees) in the industry for the month following the benchmark period. The all-employee total for the last benchmark month (e.g.,March) is multiplied by the per cent change of total employment over the month for a group of establishments reporting for both March and April. Thus, if firms in the BLS sample for an in dustry report 30,000 employees in March and 31*200 in April, April employment is 104 percent (31*200 divided by 30,000) of %g*ch employment. If the all-employee benchmark in March is 40,000, the all-employee total in April would be 104 percent of 40,000 or 41,600. The second step is to compute the production-worker total for the industry. The all-employee total for the month is multiplied by the ratio of production workers to all employees. This ratio is computed from those establishment reports vhich show data for both items. Thus, if these firms in April report 24,400 production vorkers and a total of 30,500 employees, the ratio of production vorkers to all employees would be .80 (24,400 divided by 30,500). The production-vorker total in April vould be 33,280 (41,600 multiplied by .80). Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward the totals for the previous month ac cording to the method described above. Comparability With Other Employment Estimates Data published by other government and private agencies differ from BLS employment statistics because of differences in definition, sources of information, methods of collection, classification, and estimation. BLS monthly figures are not directly comparable, for example, vith the estimates of the Bureau of the Census Mmthlv Report on the Labor Force (MMF). Census data are obtained by personal intervievs vith individual members of a small sample of households and are de signed to provide information on the work status of the vhole population, classified by their demographic char acteristics. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains data by mall questionnaire vhich are based on the payroll records of business units, and prepares detailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribu tion of employment and on hours of vork and earnings. Since BLS employment figures are based on estab lishment payroll records, persons vho vorked in more than one establishment during the reporting period vill be counted more than once in the BLS series. By definition, proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, and unpaid family vorkers are excluded R?om the BLS but not the MRIF series. The tvo series also differ in date of reference, BLS collecting data for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month (except for government), vhile the MRLF relates to the calendar week containing the 8th day of the month. Employment estimates derived by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses and/or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for lack of comparability are differences in industries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classification of establishments. Employment Statistics for States and Areas State and area employment statistics are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation vith the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These statistics are based on the same reports used for preparing national estimates. State series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance agencies and the Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the official U. S. totals prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. State and area data in greater industry detail and for earlier periods may be secured directly upon request to the appropriate State agency or to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The names and addresses of these agencies are listed on the inside back cover of this report. - EMPLOYMENT - SUMMARY OF METHODS OF COMPUTATtON Item Individual manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries Total nonagricultural, divisions, major groups and groups MONTHLY DATA All employees All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month for sample establishments vhich reported for both months. Sum of all-enployee estimates for component industries. Production vorkers (for mining and manu facturing ) All-employee estimate for cur rent month multiplied by ratio of production vorkers to all employees in sample establish ments for current month. Sum of production-vorker estimates for component industries. ANNUAL DATA All employees and production vorkers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Section B - LABOR TURNOVER Definition of Labor Turnover "Labor turnover," as used in this series, refers to the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employment status with respect to individ ual firms. This movement is subdivided into two broad types: accessions (new hires and rehires) and separa tions (terminations of employment initiated by either the employer or the employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. Rates of accession and separation are shown separately. All employees, including execu tive, office, sales, and other salaried personnel as well as production workers are covered by both the turnover movements and the employment base used in computing labor turnover rates. All groups of em ployees - full- and part-time, permanent and tempo rary - are included. Transfers from one establishment to another within a company are not considered to be turnover items. The terms used in labor turnover statistics are defined in the glossary under "Labor Turnover." For example, in an industry sample, the total number of employees who worked during, or received pay for, the week of January 12-18 was reported as 25,498. During the period January 1-31 a total of 284 employees in all reporting firms quit. The quit rate for the in dustry is: 264 x 100 = 1.1 25,498 To compute turnover rates for industry groups, the rates for the component industries are weighted by the estimated employment. Rates for the durable and non durable goods subdivisions and manufacturing division are computed by weighting the rates of major industry groups by the estimated employment. Classification of Establishment Reports Beginning with data for January 1950, manufacturing establishments reporting labor turnover are classified in accordance with the Standard Industrial Classifica tion (1945) code structure. Definitions of nonmanu facturing industries are based on the Social Security Board Classification Code (1942). For additional details, see Section A-Employment. Source of Data and Sample Coverage Comparability With Earlier Data Labor turnover data are obtained each month from a sample of establishments by means of a mail ques tionnaire. Schedules are received from approximately 7,100 cooperating establishments in the manufacturing, mining, and communication industries (see below). The definition of manufacturing used in the turnover series is more restricted than in the BLS series on employ ment and hours and earnings because of the exclusion of certain manufacturing industries from the labor turnover sample. The major industries excluded are: printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 1943); canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods; women's and misses' outerwear; and fer tilizer. Approximate coverage of BLS labor turnover sample Group and industry Number of Employees ments in Number in Percent samole sample of total 6,600 4,800,000 34 4,000 3,400,000 38 2,600 1,400,000 27 130 63,000 60 Labor turnover rates are available on a comparable basis from January 1930 for manufacturing as a whole and from 1943 for two coal mining and two communication industries. Labor turnover rates for many individual industries and industry groups for the period prior to January 1950 are not comparable with the rates for the subsequent period because of a revision which involved (1) the adoption of the Standard Industrial Classifi cation (1945) code structure for manufacturing indus tries, and (2) the introduction of weighting in the computation of industry-group rates. Comparability With Emp^yment Series M)nth-to-month changes in total employment in manu facturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable with the changes shown in the Bu reau's employment series for the following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar-month; the em ployment reports, for the most part, refer to a 1-week pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Coal mining: Bituminous........... Communication: 40 275 (i/) (3/) 30,000 120,000 45 33 582,000 28,000 89 60 Data are not available. Mathod of Computation To compute turnover rates for individual industries, the total number of each type of action (accessions, quits, etc.) reported for a calendar month by the sample establishments in each industry is first divided by the total number of employees (both wage and salary workers), reported by these establishments, who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of that month. The result is multiplied by 100 to obtain the turnover rate. 4-E (2) The turnover sample is not as large as the employment sample and includes propor tionately fewer small plants; certain in dustries are not covered (see paragraph on source of data and sample coverage). (3) Plants are not included in the turnover com putations in months when work stoppages are in progress; the influence of such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. Section C - HOURS AN D EARNiNGS Production-and Nonsunervisorv-Woi*ker Employment. Payroll, and Man-Hours The monthly employment and payroll schedule provides the following information required to compute averages of hours and earnings: (1 ) Thn mmhar nf fnll- -nd part-time productionworkers or nonsupervisory employees who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period re ported. Data cover production and related vorkers in manufacturing, mining, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants. Employees covered in the contract con struction industries are those engaged in actual con struction vork. For the remaining industries, unless othervise noted, data refer to all nonsupervisory em ployees and vorking supervisors. (See glossary.) (2) Total eross payrolls for such workers before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, withholding tax, bonds, union dues, and special cloth ing allowances. The payroll figures also include pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Ex cluded are: cash payments for vacations not taken; retroactive pay not earned during the period reported; value of payments in kind; contributions to welfare funds, and insurance or pension plans; and commissions and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. (3) Total man-hours, vhether worked or paid for, of foil- and part-time production or nonsupervisory workers including hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. If employees elect to work during a vacation period, only actual hours worked by such employees are included. The period reported generally represents the weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Some establishments, however, use a 2-week or longer pay period. Such schedules are edited to reduce the payroll and man-hour aggregates to their proper equiva lents for a weekly period. Collection of Establishment Reports earnings for those employees not covered under the production-worker or nonsupervisory-employee defini tions. In addition to the factors mentioned, which exert varying influences upon gross average hourly earnings, gross average weekly earnings are affected by changes in the length of the workweek, part-time work, stop pages for varying causes, labor turnover, and absen teeism. Gross weekly earnings are not the amount actually available to vorkers for-spending because no deduction has been made for income and social security taxes, group insurance, occupational supplies, and union dues. For veekly earnings after deduction for Federal taxes see table C-3. For approximations of "real" gross veekly earnings, i.e., after adjustment for price changes, see table C-2. Average Weekly Hours The workweek information relates to average hours worked or paid for, and is somewhat different from standard or scheduled hours. Normally, such factors as absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stop pages cause average weekly hours to be lower than the hours of workers who are on the payroll during the whole workweek. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Gross Average Weekly Earnings in Current and 1947-49 Dollars Table C-2 shows gross average veekly earnings in both current and 1947-49 dollars for selected indus tries. These series indicate changes in the level of veekly earnings before and after adjustment for changes in purchasing power as determined from the Bureau's Consumer Price Index. The 3-year average— 1947, 1943, and 1949— vas selected as the base in conformity vith the Bureau of the Budget recommendations that Federal statistics have a common 1947-49 base period. See Section A-Employment. Net Spendable Average Weekly Earnings Coverage of Establishment Reports See Section A-Employment. Classification of Establishment Reports See Section A-Employment. Description of Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings Series Hie average hourly earnings information for manu facturing and nonmanufacturing industries are on a "gross" basis; i.e., they reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late shift work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive basis. Employment shifts between rela tively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings should not be confused vith wage rates. Earnings refer to the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipulated for a given unit of work or time. However, the average earnings series should not be in terpreted as representing total labor costs on the part of the employer, since the following are excluded: ir regular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and Net spendable average veekly earnings are obtained by deducting appropriate amounts for social security and Federal income taxes from gross veekly earnings. The amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by the vorker, as well as on the level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, net spendable earnings have been computed for two types of income-receivers: (1) a worker with no dependents; (2) a worker with three dependents. The computations of net spendable earnings for both the factory worker with no dependents and the factory worker with three dependents are based upon the gross average weekly earnings for all production workers in manufacturing industries without regard to marital status, family composition, and total family income. The spendable series measures relative changes in the average disposable earnings for two types of incomereceivers . Net spendable weekly earnings in 1947-49 dollars represent an approximate measure of changes in "real" net spendable veekly earnings as indicated by the changes in the Bureau's Consumer Brice Index. "Real" net spendable veekly earnings are computed by applying the current CPI to the spendable earnings average for the current month. The resulting level of spendable earnings expressed in 1947-49 dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing pover since that base period. A detailed technical note on net spendable weekly earnings may be obtained upon request. 3-E Average Hourly Earnings. Excluding Overtime, of Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries The Bureau publishes average hourly earnings exclu sive of overtime premium payments for manufacturing as a whole and the durable- and nondurable-goods sub divisions. These data are based on the application of adjustment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as described in the Monthly Labor Review. May 1950, pp.537540; reprint available, Serial No. R. 2020). This method eliminates only the additional earnings due to overtime paid for at one and one-half time the straighttime rates after 40 hours a week. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premium payment provisions— for example, holiday work, late shift work, and penalty rates other than time and one-half. The set of adjustment factors can be used to eli minate premium overtime payments from average hourly earnings in any manufacturing industry where overtime for individual workers consists typically of hours in excess of 40 per week paid for at the rate of time and one-half. As these factors yield results which are only approximate, they may not be appropriate when exact figures are required. Indexes of Production4Jorker Aggregate Weekly Man-hours 1 week of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, and may not be typical of the entire month. Ag gregate man-hours differ from scheduled man-hours due to such factors as absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages. Railroad Hours and Earnings The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switch ing and terminal companies) are based upon monthly data summarized in -the M-300 report of the Interstate Com merce Commission and relate to all employees who re ceived pay during the month, except executives, offi cials, and staff assistants (ICC Group I). Gross averqge hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensa tion by total hours paid for. Average veekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of enployees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. Because hours and earnings data for manufacturing and other nonmanufacturing industries are based upon reports to the Bureau of Labor Statistics which generally represent 1 weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, the data for railroad enployees are not strictly comparable with other in dustry information shown in this publication. Hours and Gross Earnings for Selected States and Areas The indexes of production-worker aggregate weekly man-hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the monthly average for the 1947-^49 period. These aggregates represent the product of average weekly hours and production-worker employment. The aggregate man-hours are defined as total manhours for which pay was received by full- and part-time production workers, including hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. The man-hours are for - HOURS AND EARNtNGS Item The State and area hours and earnings data for manu facturing are prepared by cooperating State agencies. These estimates are based on the same reports used in preparing national estimates. Inasmuch as the estimates presented in this report relate only to manufacturing as a whole, variations in earnings among the States and areas are, to a large degree, caused by differences in industrial composition. For additional details on State and area statistics see Section A-Employment. SUMMARY OF METHODS OF COMPUTATtON nonmanufacturing industries Manufacturing division, groups, sub groups, and nonmanufacturing groups MONTHLY DATA Average weekly hours Total production or nonsupervisory man-hours divided by number of pro duction or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by employment, of the average weekly hours for compo nent industries. Avaiwa hmn-lv (in dollars) Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total pro duction or nonsupervisory worker man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the average hourly earnings for component industries. Average weatrlv (in d o 1 1 a r s) Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. ANNUAL DATA Average veekly hours Annual total of aggregate man-hours (employment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Average, weighted by employment, of the annual averages of weekly hours for component industries. Avars** hmirlv (in dollars) Annual total of aggregate payrolls (weekly earnings multiplied by em ployment) divided by annual aggregate man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the annual averages of hourly earnings for component in dustries . Avars*. na.Mv (in dollars) Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. 6=E Section D -G L O S S A R Y separations (including military), as defined below. Quits are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by employees for such reasons as: acceptance of a job in another company, dissatisfaction, return to school, marriage, mater nity, ill health, or voluntary retirement where no company pension is provided. Failure to report after being hired and unauthorized absences of more than seven consecutive calendar days are also classified as quits. Prior to 1940, miscellaneous separations were also included in this category. ALL EMPLOYEES - Includes production and related workers as defined below and workers engaged in the follow ing activities: executive, purchasing, finance, ac counting, legal, personnel (including cafeterias, medical, etc.), professional and technical activities, sales, sales-delivery, advertising, credit collection, and installation and servicing of own products, rou tine office functions, factory supervision (above the working foreman level). Also includes employees on the establishment payroll engaged in new construction and major additions or alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate work force (force-account construction workers). Proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers, and members of the Armed Forces are excluded. Discharges are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by the employer for such reasons as employees' incompetence, violation of rules, dishonesty, insubordination, laziness, habitual ab senteeism, or inability to meet physical standards. CONSTRUCTION WORKERS - Includes working foremen, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, and similar workers, engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, and other actual construction work, at the site of construction or working in shop or yard at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades; in cludes all such workers, regardless of skill, engaged in any way in contract construction activities. Layoffs are terminations of employment during the calendar month lasting or expected to last more than seven consecutive calendar days without pay, initi ated by the employer without prejudice to the worker, for such reasons as lack of orders or materials, re lease of temporary help, conversion of plant, intro duction of labor-saving machinery or processes, or suspensions of operations without pay during inven tory periods. CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired di rectly by and on the payroll of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and private estab lishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments Miscellaneous separations (including military) are terminations of ecployment during the calendar month because of permanent disability, death, retirement on company pension, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than thirty consecutive calendar days. Prior to 1940, miscellaneous separations were included with quits. Beginning September 1940, mili tary separations were included here. DURABLE GOODS - The durable goods subdivision includes the following major industry groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical machinery; transportation equipment; in struments and related products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries as defined. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Reserve Board. FINANCE, INSURANCE,AND REAL ESTATE - Covers establish ments operating in the fields of finance, insurance, and real estate, and beginning January 1952, also in cludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration for national and most State and area estimates. However, in a few State and area estimates the latter two agencies are included under Government until revisions can be made by the cooperating State agencies con cerned. These exceptions are appropriately noted. GOVERNMENT - Covers Federal, State, and local government establishments performing legislative, executive, and judicial functions, including Government corporations, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy yards, and hospitals. Fourth-class postmasters are included in the national series and most State and area series. Exceptions are noted. State and local government employment includes teachers, but excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small local units. LABOR TURNOVER: Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: quits, discharges, layoffs, and miscellaneous Persons on leave of absence (paid or unpaid) with the approval of the employer are not counted as sepa rations until such time as it is definitely determined that such persons will not return to work. At that time, a separation is reported as one of the above types, depending on the circumstances. Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll during thf calendar month, including both new and rehired em ployees. Persons returning to work after a layoff, military separation, or other absences who have been counted as separations are considered accessions. MANUFACTURING - Covers only private establishments. Government manufacturing operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and included under Government. MINING - Covers establishments engaged in the extraction from the earth of organic and inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; includes various contract services required in mining opera tions, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidizing of oil wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and con centration. NONDURABLE GOODS - The nondurable goods subdivision in cludes the following major industry groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manufactures; textile-mill products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemicals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather products. This definition is con sistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Reserve Board. 7-E NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES - Includes employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, opera tors, drivers, attendants, service employees, line men, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occu pational levels, and other employees whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. PAYROLL - Private payroll represents the weekly payroll of both fall- and part-time production and related workers who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, before deduction for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, and union dues; also includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash pay ments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS - Includes workiig fore men and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receivi!^, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and record-keeping and other services closely associated with the above production operations. REGIONS: North - Includes all States except the 17 listed as South. as South - Includes the following 17 States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, CMahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. (In the case of sawmills and planing mills, general, a third region is identified - the West - and in cludes California, Oregon, and Washington.) SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS - Covers establishments pri marily engaged in rendering services to individuals and business firms, including automotive repair serv ices. Excludes domestic service workers. Nongovern ment schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are in cluded under service and miscellaneous; similar Government establishments are included under Govern ment. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES - Covers only pri vate establishments engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, telegraph, and other communication services; or pro viding electricity, gas,steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE - Covers establishments engaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling merchan dise to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling merchandise for personal or household consumption, and rendering services incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government.
@FedFRASER