Full text of Employment and Earnings : April 1957
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Employment and Earnings APRIL 1957______________________________ Vol. 3 No. 10 D IV IS IO N OF M A N P O W E R A N D EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS Seym our L. W olfbein, Chief CO NTENTS P age M an -H ou r Trends ir In du strial and Construction Activities, 1947-56......................................................... MAN-HOUR TRENDS... iü In the latter part of 1956, manhours in industrial and construction activity approached the record levels of 1953. Chart Average Weekly Hours of Production Workers in Manufacturing, January 1953-March 1957..................................... vii The postwar movements of this important economic barometer are discussed in an article beginning on page iii. NEW STATE AND AREA SERIES... Current employment statistics for Delaware and Wilmington, for merly limited to manufacturing, now cover all nonagricultural industry divisions. Em ploym ent Trends Summary................................................... viii Table 1; Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups...... ........ ix Table 2s Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............................................. x Table 3: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group.............. xi Table 4: Gross average weekly hours and average overtime hours of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group..................................... xii Table 5: Index of employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division............................... xiii Table 6: Index of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group.....................................xiii Table 7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division, seasonally adjusted.............. xiv Table 8: Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, seasonally adjusted......................... xiv DETAILED STATISTICS A -Em ploym ent and Payrolls For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Print ing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Subscription price: $3*50 a year; ♦l additional for foreign mailing. Single copies vary in price. This issue is ho cents. Table A-ls Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by Industry division................................. Table A-2: All employees and production workers in nonagri cultural establishments, by industry.............. Table A-3s Indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payrolls in manufacturing............ ............ Table A-4: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region........................... «........... Table A-5: Government civilian employment and Federal military personnel........................................ Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State....................... Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division.............. Continued next page 1 2 7 8 9 10 13 Employment and Earnings Page CO N TEN TS - C o n tin u e d B-Labor Turnover Table B-ls Monthly labor turnover rates In manufacturing, by class of turnover................................ Table B-2s Monthly labor turnover rates in selected industries.. 23 24. C-H ours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees......................... Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars*........................................ Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-^9 dollars.................................. Table C-4* Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding over time, and average weekly hours of production workers in manufacturing................................. Table C-5t Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity......................... Table C-6* Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas...................... ................... 28 37 37 38 39 41 INote »-February 1957 data are preliminary 7 EXPL NOTES INTRODUCTION............................................. 1-E ESTABLISHMENT REPORTS: Collection............................................... 1-E Industrial Classification............. ................... 1-E 1-S Coverage.............................................. DEFINITIONS AND ESTIMATING MSTHQDS: 2-E Employment......................................... . Labor Turnover........................... ................ 3-E Hours and Earnings........................................ 4-E STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS.............................. 5-E SUMMARY CF ifiTHODS FCR COMPUTING NATIONAL STATISTICS.......... 6-E GLOSSARY.................................................... 7-B ********** REGIONAL OFFICES AND COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES.....Inside back cover ********** The national employment figures shewn in this report have been adjusted to first quarter 1955 benchmark levels. M A N -H O U R A N D TRENDS C O N S T R U C T IO N IN IN D U S T R IA L A C T IV IT IE S , 1 9 4 7 -5 6 Shirley B o s s h a r d G r o s s m a n # in three industry divisions comprising twofifths of total nonagricultural employment, it provides a c o m p r ehensive measure of how intensely the Nation is using its human re sources in a very significant sector of the economy. Each month the U. S. Department of Labor* s Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes an Index of Aggregate Man-Hours in Industrial and Con struction Activity, covering the man-hours worked in manufacturing, contract construc tion, and mining. (See table C-5, PP. 39-40.) These industries represent the physical goodsproducing section of the economy— the sector generally most sensitive to economic condi tions. Total m a n - h o u r s are the p r oduct of average w e e k l y h o u r s and employment, and, therefore, reflect changes in both the number of workers and the length o f the workweek. Since the index of aggregate m a n - h o u r s r e flects changes in factory employment and hours Index of Aggregate and M a n - H o u r s Trend Over the Past Decade At the close of 1956, a year of great economic activity, physical goods were being constructed, manufactured, and mined by the * Of the Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics. Weekly Man-Hours Construction Activities* January 1947-December 1956 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR tURIAUor LMOI STATISTICS iii in Industrial application o f m a n p o w e r on a scale exceeded only in late 1952 and 1953, a period of record employment. In the last 4 m o n t h s of 1956, man-hours averaged only about 3 percent below the record rate of nearly 700 million a week reached in 1953. After the high levels of activity in mid1953, the N a t i o n ' s u s e o f m a n p o w e r in the creation of goods declined rapidly in the fall of that y e a r and b y April 1954 had dropped below the average for the years 1947-49. (See chart 1.) The r e c o v e r y since 1953 has not been as dramatic as the one that followed the 1949 recession, when the man-hours index rose steadily for a total o f 24 points in a period of 8 m o n t h s . T w e n t y - f o u r p o i n t s is the equivalent o f o v e r 100 m i l l i o n w e e k l y manhours, or the addition of 2.5 million workers on a 40-hour workweek. Since 1953 there has been no such steady rise to a new plateau. Only in 1955 was there a c o n s i s t e n t u p w a r d movement, t o t a l i n g 13 points. This was followed by a downturn in early 1956 and then another rise in the last half of the year. Contract Construction has Largest I n c r e a s e in A c t i v i t y Changes in the use of manpower among ma n ufacturing, mining, and contract construction have not been parallel over the past 10 years. (See chart 2A. ) Only in 1947 were man-hours in con s t r u c t i o n lower than the average for the p e r i o d 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 — whi c h is c u r r ently the "base period11 for many government statistical series. In construction, even in periods of low activity for other parts of the economy, postwar demand for housing and, more recently, for the large volume of commercial construc tion has kept the index above 100. In 1949 and in 1954, the c o n s t r u c t i o n index showed much smaller d e c l i n e s than those for other divisions. R i s i n g s h a r p l y since 1954, it reached nearly 140 percent in 1956. In con trast, total m a n - h o u r s in m i n i n g have been below the a v e r a g e for 194 7 - 4 9 since 1949, dropping to about three-quarters of the base period average in 1954. The 1949-54 decline in mining, was caused both by a drop in em ployment-*-from 943,000 to 795,000— and also in average weekly hours. In 1956, both em ployment and hours began to rise again, re flecting increased foreign and domestic con sumption. Since manufacturing represents the bulk of the industrial activity index, with approx imately 85 percent of the total employees in the three industries, its movement is nearly identical to that of the total index. The ma n u f a c t u r i n g average for 1956 was about 3 p e rcent above 1947. Years o f low economic activity in the economy as a whole have been r e f lected by sharp dr o p s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g man-hours. In 1949, the index declined 11 percent from the previous year, representing 55 million man-hours a week. Between 1953 and 1954, after the cessation of Korean hostili ties, the index again fell 11 p e r c e n t — the equivalent of 1.5 million w o r kers on a 40hour week. Cyclical Fluctuations More Evident Durable Goods in In general, man-hours in durable-goods industries have risen in the post-World War II period, while man-hours in nondurable-goods industries have declined, reflecting the com position of demand since the war. Heavy de mand for consumer durable goods was supple me nted by high investment in new homes and commercial construction and by record levels of plant and equipment expenditures. At the same time, a number of nondurable-goods in dustries (for example, apparel, leather, and textiles) have been facing declines in the demand for their products. (See chart 2B.) The recession of 1953-54 is clearly seen in the durable-goods sector, where post-Korean cutbacks affected chiefly hard-goods indus tries manufacturing ordnance, military equip ment, and producer durables. An anticipated Chart 2. Indexes oi A g g r e g a t e W e e k l y 1947-49 : lOO (g ) INDUSTRIAL AND CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ($ ) W Annual Average 1947-56 INDEX 140 130 INDEX 140 / CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION f 120 Man-Hours MANUFACTURING, DURABLE AND NONDURABLE GOODS INDUSTRIES January 1947 - December 1956 / / 130 / \ / M A N U F A C T U R I NJG ' 120 no 110 lOO lOO MANUFACTURING 90 MINING 80 70 NONDURABLE GOODS 80 70 J-------1___ 1___ 1___ I___ I___ [___ I___ L_ 1947 ’ 48 ’ 49 50 ’ 51 ’ 52 ’ 53 ’ 54 ’ 55 1956 J _______I______ L 1947 ’ 48 f49 ’ 50 ’ 51 I ’ 52 I ’ 53 I ’ 54 I I ’ 55 1956 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAUOF LABOR STATISTICS drop in demand for consumer durables did not materialize. The decline in the durable-goods index began in the second quarter of 1953, steepened in the last half of that year, and continued until the third quarter of 1 954— from Mar c h 1953 to July 1954 the man-hours index fell 22 percent. The recovery through the end of 1955 is equally well reflected— by December 1955 it had regained all but 6 p e r cent. hour input by only about 1953 and 1954. percent between Non durable Goods Show Seasonal Trend Factors an d In recent years, ma n - h o u r s in nondurable goods have oeen influenced more by seasonal than by cyclical factors. A drop in the a p parel industry in late spring and sharp i n creases in the fall of each year in apparel, food, and tobacco dominate other movements. The 1953-54 drop was discernible in almost all dur a b l e - g o o d s groups. In 8 h a r d - g o o d s industries, man-hours decreased by 20 percent or more between a peak in 1953 and a trough in 1954. The largest reductions were in o r d nance, 50 percent; electrical machinery, 25 percent; and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n equipment, 25 percent. A downward trend is apparent in food, t o bacco, textiles, and leather. In late 1947 and early 1948, the index for textiles reached peaks of 112. Since then, except for a brief period in late 1950 and early 1951, it has remained below 100. Tire average workweek in textiles was already below 40 hours in 1947 and has not been shortened significantly. The man-hours drop has resulted In contrast, nondurable goods, buoyed up by continuing consumer demand, reduced man- 6 v almost entirely from decreasing employment in the i n d u s t r y — between 1947 and 1956 nearly 3 00,000 p r o d u c t i o n job s wer e d r o p p e d from payrolls. In the food industry, 2 hours were trimmed from the workweek along with 90,000 production workers from the employment level. The com bination produced a 12-percent decline in manhours in the 10-year period. Only three nondurable-goods industries— chemicals, paper, and printing— have shown a growth in man-hours over the decade. In each case, employment has increased substantially without a lengthening of the workweek. Average Weekly Hours of Production Workers in Manufacturing Hours 4 2 January 1953 - March 1957 41 4 0 ' 1 9 5 7 / N 1 9 5 4 3 9 3 8 >< Jan. F eb. Mar. Apr. May June UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LA80R Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. F e b ru a ry and M a rc h 1957: p r e lim in a r y BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS July vii Employment Trends N O N F A R M J O B S IN C R E A S E B Y 15 0 ,0 0 0 lio n w a s m o r e than 100, 000 h ig h e r th an a y e a r a g o N o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e m p lo y m e n t c o n tin u e d at r e c o r d m o n th ly l e v e l s in M a r c h 19 5 7 . T h e 5 1 . 3 m illio n w o r k e r s n u m b e r e d ab ou t 150 , 000 m o r e than in F e b r u a r y 19 5 7 , and 800,000 m o r e than in M a r c h 19 5 6 . C h a n g e s in e m p lo y m e n t o v e r the m o n th in the v a r io u s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s w e r e s m a ll . E m p lo y m e n t in th e d u r a b le g o o d s s e c t o r d e c lin e d s l ig h t ly , in s t e a d o f r i s i n g s lig h t ly a s it u s u a lly d o e s in M a r c h ; c h a n g e s in n o n d u ra b le g o o d s w e r e m a in ly s e a s o n a l. T h e l a r g e s t c h a n g e o v e r the m o n th w a s in c o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t io n , w h e r e e m p lo y m e n t r o s e s e a s o n a lly b y a b o u t 70 ,0 0 0 . F a c t o r y e m p lo y m e n t d e c lin e d s lig h t ly and th e f a c t o r y w o r k w e e k w a s s o m e w h a t s h o r t e r th a n in F e b r u a r y . T h e d e c lin e in the w o r k w e e k r e s u lt e d in a s lig h t d ro p in a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s . H o w e v e r , a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s in M a r c h w e r e m o r e than $3 h ig h e r than a y e a r ago. F A C T O R Y W O R K W E E K D E C L IN E S T h e a v e r a g e le n g th o f th e f a c t o r y w o r k w e e k , a t 40. 0 h o u r s w a s dow n 0. 2 o f an h o u r in M a r c h a n d 0 .4 o f an h o u r f r o m a y e a r a g o . I n d u s t r ie s r e p o r t in g la r g e d e c lin e s o v e r th e m o n th in c lu d e d t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t (a u t o m o b ile s ) , p r i m a r y m e t a l s , le a t h e r , and t o b a c c o . N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G E M P L O Y M E N T U P 17 0 , 000 O v e r the y e a r , d e c lin e s o f one h o u r o r m o r e w e r e r e p o r t e d b y the p r i m a r y m e t a ls and t e x t ile in d u s t r ie s ; g a in s o f o n e -h a lf an h o u r o r m o r e w e r e r e p o r t e d b y the r u b b e r ( 1 . 3 h o u r s ) , in s t r u m e n t s an d o rd n a n c e in d u s t r i e s . C o n s tr u c t io n , S ta te and lo c a l g o v e r n m e n t, and s e r v i c e in d u s t r ie s a c c o u n te d f o r m o s t o f the 170 ,0 0 0 g a in in the n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r i e s . B e c a u s e o f the la te E a s t e r , e m p lo y m e n t in t r a d e did n ot show the u s u a l M a r c h r i s e . S in c e D e c e m b e r the a v e r a g e f a c t o r y w o r k w e e k h a s d e c lin e d a b o u t 1 h o u r , a s h a r p e r th an a v e r a g e d ro p fo r th is tim e o f y e a r . T h e l a r g e s t d e c lin e o v e r th is p e r io d w a s in a u t o s , w h e r e the w o r k w e e k f e l l m u c h m o r e than u s u a l— m o r e than 5 h o u r s — f r o m th e u n u s u a lly h ig h D e c e m b e r l e v e l . T h e M a r c h d ro p in a u to s w a s a b o u t 1 1/2 h o u r s . M A N U F A C T U R IN G E M P L O Y M E N T DO W N S L IG H T L Y F a c t o r y e m p lo y m e n t, w h ic h u s u a lly r i s e s s lig h t ly in M a r c h , d ip p e d s lig h t ly th is y e a r . T h is i s the t h ir d c o n s e c u t iv e m o n th in w h ic h e m p lo y m e n t h a s d e c lin e d b o th a c t u a lly and on a s e a s o n a l l y a d ju s te d b a s i s . B e tw e e n D e c e m b e r 1956 and M a r c h 19 5 7 , f a c t o r y e m p lo y m e n t h a s f a lle n o ff b y m o r e than 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 , a s c o m p a r e d w ith an a v e r a g e d e c lin e in the p o s t w a r p e r io d o f l e s s th an 10 0,000 b e tw e e n t h e s e m o n th s . RED U CED W ORKW EEK LOW ERS A V E R AG E W EEKLY PAY A s a r e s u lt o f the r e d u c t io n in h o u r s , a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f f a c t o r y p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s d e c lin e d a b o u t 40 c e n t s to $82 in M a r c h . A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s r o s e in a b o u t h a lf the i n d u s t r i e s , b u t th is w a s m o r e than o f f s e t b y d e c lin e s in o t h e r s S in c e D e c e m b e r , e m p lo y m e n t in b o th lu m b e r a n d a u to m o b ile s d e c lin e d s u b s t a n t ia lly . S e v e r a l o th e r in d u s t r ie s r e p o r t e d s m a ll e r b u t s ig n if ic a n t d e c lin e s . A m o n g th e s e w e r e p r i m a r y an d f a b r i c a te d m e t a l s , t e x t i l e s , an d t e l e v i s i o n . A lth o u g h the m a c h in e r y in d u s t r y a s a w h o le h a s sh o w n c o n tin u ed s t r e n g th in th is p e r io d , tw o s e c t o r s , a g r i c u lt u r a l m a c h in e r y and h o u s e h o ld a p p lia n c e s , h a v e sh o w n e m p lo y m e n t w e a k n e s s . O v e r the y e a r , e v e r y in d u s t r y g r o u p r e p o r t e d h ig h e r w e e k ly e a r n in g s . E s p e c i a l l y l a r g e o v e r t h e - y e a r i n c r e a s e s w e r e r e c o r d e d in o r d n a n c e ( $ 7 . 7 6 ) , in s t r u m e n t s ($ 6 . 15 ), t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t ( $ 5 .7 3 ) , and r u b b e r ( $ 5 .6 5 ) . G a in s e x c e e d in g the a v e r a g e f o r a l l m a n u fa c t u r in g w e r e a ls o r e p o r t e d in f a b r ic a t e d m e t a ls ($ 4 . 72) and p a p e r ($ 3 . 3 3 ). D e s p ite the e m p lo y m e n t d e c lin e s o f r e c e n t m o n th s , M a r c h f a c t o r y e m p lo y m e n t a t 1 6 .9 m il A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s r e m a in e d u n c h a n g e d b e tw e e n F e b r u a r y and M a r c h a t $ 2 .0 5 , b u t w e r e 10 c e n t s a b o v e a y e a r a g o . v ili T a b l e 1. E m p l o y * * * in n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , b y in d u s try division a n d s e le c te d g r o u p s (In thousands) Industry divi_^on March 1957 Year Current *go net change and group M*r. 1957 1/ TOTAL .................................................................... M I N I N G .................................................................. M e t a l m i n i n g ..................................... B i t u m i n o u s - c o a l ................................. N o n m e t a l i i c m i n i n g a n d q u a r r y i n g .......... 1957 1/ 51,3** 51,199 803 107.3 228.7 805 IO 8.9 233.* 10*. 9 106.5 Jan. 1957 rnr. 51,238 50,*99 80* 108.8 232.8 106.* 1956 783 107.3 223.1 107.3 from: Year ago Previous month +1*5 +8*5 - 2 - 1.6 - *.7 + 1.6 + 20 + - 0 5.6 .8 CONTRACT CO NSTRUCTIO N...................................... 2,796 2,72* 2,719 2,669 + 72 +127 MANUFACTURING..................................................... 16,896 16,922 16,937 16 ,76* - 2k +13* 9,9*3 9,9*8 DURABLE GOODS................................................... O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ..................... L u m b e r a n d w o o d p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e )....................................... F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ...................... . S t o n e , c l a y , and. g l a s s p r o d u c t s ........... P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ..................... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and tran s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ) ...........................,.......... . M a c h i n e r y ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .............. E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ........................... Transportation equipment................ I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .......... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries.. NONDURABLE GOODS.............................................. F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s .................... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ........................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s . . . . . .............. . Apparel and o ther finished textile p r o d u c t s ............................. ............ P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .................... Printing, publishing, and allied i n d u s t r i e s ................. ..................... C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .............. P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l ............. R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ............................ . L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............... 9,922 130.9 132.0 9,730 129.7 - 21 + .5 +192 + 1.2 - 9.3 .5 + 7.9 - 3.6 - 57.8 - 8.0 - 3.6 « 2.* + + - 2.1 .2 + l *.8 + 62*0 + 75.7 +115.5 + 1 1 .* - 16.9 - 3 + .6 - 8.9 - *.7 - 58 - 3.6 - 2 .1 - 60.* + + - 18.6 + 10.6 637.6 370.0 552.3 l,3*3.7 6*0.6 686.1 370.5 554.3 1,352.0 377-5 563.8 1,3*2.5 1,1*0.3 1,780.9 1,2*1.7 1,908.0 3*3.5 *7*-3 1 ,1 *0.2 1.769.0 1,2*5.7 1 .926.1 3**. 6 *73.0 1 ,117.0 1 ,720.1 1 ,162.2 1 ,805.6 6,989 1,*86.5 88.0 1 ,011.1 6,979 1,*63.9 96.9 1 ,015.8 102.1 1 ,*68.1 90.1 1,019.7 1,071.5 1 ,229.8 1 ,22*.0 l, 20*.l 572.6 1 ,2*8 .* 569.5 86^.6 8*1 .* 86*. 8 839-9 8**.l 836.0 251.0 282.2 366.2 251.5 626.3 369.5 560.2 1 ,3*10.1 1 ,131.8 1 ,782.1 1,237.9 1,921.1 3*5.6 *7*.l 6,976 1,*6*.5 570.2 867.6 8*3.3 253.1 277.1 371.* 253.6 278.6 370.7 33*. 2 *91.0 7,03* 559.6 280.1 38*.7 8.5 1.2 3.8 6.9 5.8 .7 + 3.0 + 1.9 .5 - 1.5 + .7 + + + - 23.5 7.3 1.6 3.0 13.3 *,112 *,106 2,709 817 593 *,103 2,697 813 593 2,729 791 + 19 + 15 + * 586 0 + + + 11,061 11,062 11,139 1 +130 k +10* + 26 - *6.9 + 66 .7 - 21.0 - 37.0 + 6*. 0 TR ANSPORTATION AND P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S _______ TR A NS P OR T A TI O N.................................................. C O M M U N IC A T I O N ................................................... OTHER P U BL IC U T I L I T I E S ................................... *,122 2,712 WHOLESALE AND R E T A I L TRADE................... ......... WHOLESALE TR ADE ............................................... R E T A IL T R A D E . . . ................................................ G e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s e s t o r e s .................. F o o d a n d l i q u o r s t o r e s ........................ A u t o m o t i v e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s d e a l e r s ....... A p p a r e l a n d a c c e s s o r i e s s t o r e s ............. O t h e r r e t a i l t r a d e ............................. 130.* 3.030 8.031 1.337.2 1.619.3 785.2 552.5 3,736.7 810 593 10,931 - 589.5 3,672.7 + + + + 3,03* 3,031 2,926 8,028 8,108 8,005 l, 38*.l 1 ,552.6 1,338.7 1,625.5 783. ^ 5*6.8 3,73*.0 1,392.0 1,612.9 785.» 573.1 3,7*5.2 806.2 3 1.5 6.2 1.8 5.7 2.7 16 17 26 7 AND REAL E S T A T E ............ 2,309 2,305 2,29* 2,265 + * + ** S E R V I C E AND M I S C E L L A N E O U S . ............................. 5,962 5,929 5,918 5,859 + 33 -»103 GOVERNMENT............................. .............................. F ED ER A L............................................................... STATE AND LOCAL....................... ....................... 7,393 2,203 5,190 7,3*9 7,315 2,196 5,119 7,122 + ** t 3 + *i -«71 + *1 F IN A N C E , INS URA NC E, 1/ Prelil m m a r y . 423766 0-57-2 2,200 5,1*9 ix 2,162 *,960 +23* T a b le 2. P ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs in m a n u fa c tu r in g , b y m a jo r in d u s try g r o u p (In t h o u s a n d s ) Major J fer o h Year ago Current net industry group Mar. 1957 1/ M . 1957 1/ Jan. Mar. 1957 1956 1957 change from: Year ago Previous month MANUFACTURING........................... 13,048 13,084 13,117 13,125 -36 - 77 DURABLE GOODS.......................... 7,6*9 7,680 7,703 7,621 -31 + Lumber and wood products Furniture 79.2 79.3 80.6 83.7 . .1 - 555.8 309A 465.5 1,117.3 569.4 310.0 457.5 1,120.2 573.0 310.3 461.3 1,129.9 618.5 318.3 472.2 1 ,130.3 -13.6 - .6 + 8.0 • 2.9 - 894.9 1,306.6 875.7 1,431.0 234.8 378.3 903.0 1,307.8 883.0 1,438.9 232.7 378.4 893.0 1 ,281.0 - 5,399 5,404 905.8 1,299.1 8901.9 1,440.4 234.0 376.9 5,4l4 841.5 1,353.7 230.9 397.7 5,504 1,005.2 1 ,005.0 1 ,026.6 (except a n d f i x t u r e s ......................... P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ..................... . Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t )......................................... M a c h i n e r y ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ............... T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ....................... I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ........... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries... NONDURABLE GOODS....................... F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s .............. T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ............................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s . . .................... Apparel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s ............................................ P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ..................... Printing, publishing, and allied C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................ P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l .............. R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ................................... L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s . . . . ........... + - 5 -105 1,020.7 81.6 960.5 + .2 8.7 *.2 - 15.5 - 2.8 - 59.6 + 5.8 - .k - 20.3 + M + + + + 15.5 - 9.1 900.9 1,095.8 461.6 1,090.0 462.0 1,071.2 465.2 1 ,116 .1 560.3 557.0 171.8 216.3 331.3 557.2 555.0 172.1 218.5 331.2 557.0 553.4 170.4 221.9 326.5 544.8 X 62.7 - 8.9 - 6.7 - 13.0 + 1.9 + 25.6 + 3*.2 + 77.3 + 3.9 - 19.* 92.4 908.9 if P r e l i m i n a r y . *.5 8.1 1.2 7.3 7.9 2.1 .1 87.5 925.1 78.8 28 - 457.1 566.1 171.8 220.8 344.1 • 3.1 2.0 .3 2.2 .1 0 - *.5 - 12.8 T a b le 3. Hours an d gross e a r n in g s o f p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in m a n u fa c tu r in g , b y m a jo r in d u s try g r o u p Average weekly earnings Major industry Average weekly hours Feb. 195b Mar. $2.05 $2.05 $1.95 *0.9 2.18 2.17 2.0 6 *1.9 *1.3 2.31 2.30 2.15 39.3 *0.3 39.5 * 0.1 39.6 * 1.0 1.7* 1.73 1.7* 1.72 1.71 1.67 78.31 95.12 *0.6 * 0.0 *0.7 *0 .* * 1.0 * 1.0 2.01 2.*5 2.*5 2.00 1.91 83.23 92.01 * 1 .1 * 1.8 * 0.6 *1.3 * 1.0 * 2 .* *0.7 * 0.* 2 .1* 2.28 2.06 2.38 2.27 2.06 2.38 2.25 1957 Feb. 1956 Mar. * 0.0 *0.2 *0 .* 8*. 25 *0.7 *0.9 96.37 88.80 * 1.8 68.38 69.72 68.73 68.97 67.72 68.*7 81.61 98.00 81 .*0 87.95 87.5* 9*. 89 83.6* group 1 957 1956 Mar. Feb. Mar. MANUFACTURING................... $ 82.00 $ 82.*1 $78.78 DURABLE GOODS.................. 88.73 88.75 O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ....... L u m b e r and wood products 96.56 1/ F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s .......... Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s ............................ P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ....... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t )............................... M a c h i n e r y (except electrical). E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ............ T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ....... I n s t r u m e n t s and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ............................ Miscellaneous manufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ......................... NONDURABLE GOODS...... ........ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ...... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ............. T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ........... Apparel and other finished t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s ................. P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ...... Printing, publishing, and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ................ C h e m i c a l s and all i e d products. P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m and c o a l .............. ................ . • R u b b e r p r o d u c t s .................... L e a t h e r and leather products.. 1/ 98.98 Mar. 1/ 1/ 1957 Mar. 1/ 1/ 2.32 2.03 2.17 1.9* 98.29 78.96 90.90 * 1 .1 * 1.6 *0.6 * 0.6 86.53 8*.87 80.38 * 1 .* *1.0 *0.8 2.09 2.07 1.97 73.53 72.9* 69.89 * 0 .* * 0.3 * 0.* 1.82 1.81 1.73 73.30 73.10 7 0 .*9 39.2 39.3 39.6 1.87 1.86 1.78 78.00 56.09 58.20 77.99 57.22 58.50 75.11 55.57 57.06 * 0.0 36.9 * 0.2 38.* 39.0 *0.6 37.8 39.9 1.95 1.52 1.50 1.9* l.*9 1.50 1.85 l.*7 l.*3 5*.17 8*. 60 5*. 02 8*.80 52.*8 81.27 36.5 * 2 .* 36.7 * 3.0 l .*8 2.00 l .*8 2.00 1.89 95.73 9*.85 88.78 8*. *6 * 1 .1 38.* * 1 .1 39.0 * 1.2 2.*8 2.16 2.*7 2.16 2.*0 88.78 10*.*5 90.58 58.21 10*.*5 90.98 58.83 103.82 8*. 93 56.92 * 0.8 * 0.8 37.8 * 0.8 * 0.8 * 1.2 39.5 2.56 2.22 2.56 2.52 38.2 38.2 1.5* 2.23 1.5* 2.15 l.*9 9**85 83.a 96.63 93.60 1/ P r e l i m i n a r y . Average hourly e arnings xi 38.8 36.6 *2.3 38.6 2.13 l.*3 2.05 T a b le 4 . G ross a v e r a g e w e e k ly hours a n d a v e r a g e o v e rtim e hours o f p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s in m a n u fa c tu rin g , b y m a jo r in d u s try g ro u p M ar. 1957 l7" Major industry group Gross Average over average weekly time hours hours Feb. 1957 £ T Jan. 1957 Gross Average over average weekly time hours hours Average Gross over average weekly time hours hours Mar. 1956' Gross average weekly hours Average over time hours MANUFACTURING.............................. 40.0 2 .4 40.2 2 .5 *0.2 2.6 *0.* 2 .7 6 0 0 D S ......................................................................... 40.7 2.6 40.9 2.6 *0 .9 2 .9 *0.9 2 .9 4 1 .9 39-5 4 0 .1 40.7 40.4 2.8 2.6 *2.0 2 .7 *1.3 2.8 39.6 3 .1 2 .9 3 .5 4 1 .1 4 1.8 40.6 4 1.3 4 1.0 40.3 2.8 DURABLE O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ........................... Lumber and wood products (except furniture). F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ........ .................... S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ................. P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s . » . » . . .................. Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment)... M a c h i n e r y ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ............. . E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y .......... ................ . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ....... ................... I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ................ M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ....... NONDURABLE G O O D S .................................................................. 39.2 F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s .......................... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ................................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................... Apparel and other finished textile products. P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ......................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries. C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .................... P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l .................. R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ........................................ L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ..................... XJ 2.6 2.* 2 .9 2.8 *1.0 *1.0 *1.0 2 .9 3 .3 *1.0 *2.* 2 .3 2 .5 *0.8 *1.8 *0.* *1.7 *0.7 *0.0 39.3 2 .3 40.2 38.4 39-0 2.8 .8 2.2 1.2 *.* 2.8 2.1 36.5 *2.* 38.* *1.1 *0.8 *0.8 38.2 Preliminary. 2 .3 3 9 .1 39.8 *0.3 xU 2.3 3 .1 2.2 3 .2 2.* 2.6 1 .7 2.6 1.* *1.0 2.* *0 .7 2.8 2.9 3.8 2.* 2.2 2.* *0.* *0.8 *0.* 2.5 39.2 2 .3 39.6 2.5 *0.3 3 .0 *0.6 2.9 37.8 39.9 36.7 *3 .0 39.0 2.7 1.3 38.8 3 9 .1 35.9 *2.* 38.3 *1.2 *1.1 *1.0 38.0 3 .3 1.0 2 .3 1.1 *.* 2.8 2.1 1.6 3.0 1.3 2.3 2.* .8 *.8 3 .1 *1.2 *1.2 2.2 2.2 39.5 38.2 2 .3 1.8 Table 5. I n d e x of e m p l o y e e s in n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l establishments, by i n d u s t r y division (1947-49=100) Year Current ago Industry division TOTAL............................... Transportation January 1957 March 1956 117.0 117.1 115.* 8*.8 129.2 82.6 126.8 113.* 112.3 ii February 1957 ll 117.4 March 1957 84.7 8*.9 132.8 113.2 129.* 113.3 101.3 117.6 100.8 117.6 101.0 118 .* 116.2 133.8 133.5 121.8 121.2 129.8 132.9 120.9 131.2 119.7 129.2 125.8 and public W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e ............... F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e . .. 130.6 100.9 l! P r e l i m i n a r y . Table 6- Index of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, (1947-49=100) Year ago Current M ajor industry group March February 1957 1/ ll 1957 January 1957 March 1956 MANUFACTURING........................ 105.5 105.8 106.0 106.1 DURABLE GOODS................................................ 11*.6 115.1 115.* 114.2 3*8.5 3*8.5 357.3 370.6 77.1 83.9 107.7 108.5 109.8 Lumber and wood products (except furniture )........ ...................... Furniture and fix t u r es .................. Stone, clay, and grass p r o d u c t s ....... 75.3 10*.6 107.1 108.5 105.3 108.8 77.6 105.0 106.0 109.8 11 *.9 1 1 5.9 116.3 115.0 115.0 114.2 136.8 139.9 121.1 99.5 13 7 . 9 1*0.7 120.1 99.5 139.3 140.8 120.6 99.2 114.6 112.7 131.5 132.4 119.1 104.7 9*.8 9*. 9 95.1 96.6 8*.9 7*.8 75 . * 8 *.9 83.3 75 . 7 8 6.8 86.3 87.1 76.0 77.6 80.3 105.2 10* .7 115.3 102.8 116.1 107.2 114 . 1 115 . 9 108.8 92.5 107.5 91.5 115 * 9 108.4 91.4 109 . 0 90.4 113.4 110.9 92.5 108.5 95.1 105.0 F a bricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans- Instruments and related products...... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries . NONDURABLE GOODS.......................................... T obacco m a n u f a c t u r e s .................... Textile-mill p r o d u c t s ................... Apparel and other finished textile Paper and allied p r o d u c t s .............. Printing, publishing, and allied in d u s t r i e s ............................... 115.3 116.5 109.1 92.5 R ubber p r o d u c t s . ..................... . L eather and leather p r o d u c t s ........... 106.1 91.5 1/Preliminary. x iii Seasonally A d j u s t e d D a t a T a b l e 7. E m p l o y e e s in nonagricultural establishments, b y industry division, s e a s o n a l l y adjusted Number (In thousands) Index ( 1 9 4 7 -4 9 = 1 0 0 ) Industry division March TOTAL.............................................................. Mining............................... Transportation and public utilities.. Wholesale and retail trade.......... Finance, insurance, and real estate.. 195? X I February 1 9 5 7 1/ 118. 119.1 119.0 247.6 84.9 1 46. 2 143-5 113.4 101.8 119.9 113-7 102.0 120.7 9 84.7 134-5 134- 9 124.3 129.6 124.3 129.5 January 1957 84.8 114.1 102.5 120.1 I34.2 I24.I I29.4 March 1956 March 1957 U February 1 9 5 7 2J January 1957 March 1956 116. 52,008 52,105 52 , 046 51*057 803 805 3*078 16,977 804 3,021 783 2, 966 1 6 , 804 7 82.6 140.9 112.6 101.4 117.2 3 > i °7 16,930 4* 143 11,282 2,321 6,084 131-9 122.2 125.4 4*151 n *353 17*033 4*174 11*304 2 , 3 28 6, 081 2,317 6, 07 0 7*332 7*323 7,338 % / Preliminary, 4*127 11,027 2,276 5*979 7.,£25 Table 8* P r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g , b y m a j o r industry group, s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d Index ( In (1947-49=100) n o j Ul 1 X1U U 9 wl jr Number thousands ) Xuup March 1 9 5 7 1/ MANUFACTURING...................... DURABLE GOODS................................... Lumber and wood products (except Stone, clay, and glass products...... Primary metal industries.............. Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transpor- January 1957 March 1956 March 1957 U February 1957 J J January 1957 March 1956 13,204 13*158 105.7 106.2 106.8 106.4 13*074 , 131 I3 ! 1 1 4 .1 114.8 1 15 . 6 113.8 7,618 7 *665 7*715 7*594 3 4 8 .5 348.5 357*3 370.6 79 79 81 84 86.4 573 596 606 638 106.7 306 304 305 473 315 77.6 80.8 103.6 102.9 107.6 107,9 82.1 106.9 103-3 108. 7 109.0 468 4^5 108.2 109.2 109.2 1,111 1 :, 1 1 4 1,124 886 1,288 894 1 ,289 1,286 113.7 114.8 115.1 113-3 113.4 113.1 113-5 111.0 1 4 0 .7 137-9 140.8 132.4 120.1 120.1 118.0 43 i 233 135-4 Instruments and related products...... Miscellaneous manufacturing February 1 9 5 7 1/ 139-9 120.1 136 .5 130.2 867 i* 1 474 1 *124 884 897 1 ,262 834 *354 874 8 83 *439 233 1,440 233 229 i 98.9 99-5 101.8 104 .2 3lt> 378 387 396 95-8 96.0 96.4 97-7 5,456 5 *466 5*489 5 *5fy 93-8 94-0 94-7 95-5 1,110 1 *113 1,121 1,130 84.2 85.2 87.1 89 92 90 Textile-mill products................. Apparel and other finished textile 87.1 92 74 . 6 75-0 75.6 79-5 91 2 916 92 4 97 1 101.7 101.1 Paper and allied products............. Printing, publishing, and allied 101.8 *053 1,060 1,078 115.8 116.6 103-5 1 14 .6 1*059 115.8 464 464 467 459 116.5 116.5 115.9 560 108.2 107.8 113-4 109.3 560 107.6 552 94-1 175 106.1 107.0 93-o 108.0 557 550 173 545 558 93-5 54 9 174 216 218 220 221 89-3 90 . 4 323 323 ; 327 33 6 NONDURABLE GOODS............................. 89-3 1 / Preliminary. x iv 93-5 1 08.5 92.9 1 1 174 Historical Data T a b l e A-l: E m p l o y e e s in nonagricultural establishments, b y industry division (In thousands) Year and month Annual average: 1919........... 1920........... 1921........... 1922........... 1923........... 192*................. 1925........... 1926........... 1927........... 1928........... 1929........... 1930........... 1931........... 1932........... 1933........... 193*........... 1935........... 1936........... 1937........... 1938........... 1939........... 19*0........... TOTAL Mining 26,829 1,12* 1,230 953 27,088 2*, 125 25,569 28,128 27,770 28,505 29,539 29,691 29,710 31,041 29,143 26,383 23,377 23,466 25,699 26,792 28,802 30,718 920 1,203 1,092 1,080 1,176 1,105 1,0*1 1,078 1,000 86* 722 735 37* 888 937 28,902 1,006 882 30,311 32,058 8*5 916 19*1................. 19*2 ..... ..... 19*3........... 19**................. 19*5........... 19*6........... 19*7........... 19*8........... 39,779 42,106 41,534 40,037 41,287 43,462 44,448 19*9........... 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 195*........... 1955........... 1956................. 43,315 44,738 47,347 48,303 49,681 48,431 49,950 51,490 1956: February... 50,246 50,499 50,848 51,197 51,709 783 790 50,896 51,881 7*6 April..... Nay...•«... 36,220 9*7 983 917 883 826 852 9*3 1,608 1,606 1,*97 1,372 1,21* 970 809 862 912 1,1*5 1,112 1,055 1,150 1,29* 1,790 2,170 1,567 1,09* 1,132 786 812 818 812 811 811 1957: January.... February... 51,238 51,199 805 817 80* 4,664 10,534 10,534 8,132 8,986 10,155 9,523 9,786 9,997 9,839 9,786 3,711 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,806 10,534 3,907 3,675 3,243 2,804 6,401 6,064 5,531 2,659 4,999 5,552 5,692 9,401 8,021 6,797 7,258 8,346 8,907 9,653 10,606 9,253 10,078 10,780 12,974 15,051 17,381 17,111 3,824 3,940 3,891 3,822 4,623 4,754 5,084 5,494 5,626 5,810 6,033 6,165 6,137 4,907 2,736 2,771 2,956 3,114 2,840 6,076 2,912 6,612 6,543 6,453 6,940 7,4l6 7,333 7,189 Finance, insurance, and real estate 1,050 1,110 1,097 1,079 1,123 1,163 1,166 1,235 1,295 1,360 1, *31 1,398 1,333 1,270 1,225 1,2*7 1,262 1,313 1,355 1,3*7 Service and miscel laneous 2,054 2,142 2,187 2,268 2,431 2,516 2,591 2,755 2,871 2,962 3,127 3,084 2,913 2,682 2,614 2,784 2,883 3,060 Govern ment 2,671 2,603 2,531 2,542 2,6ll 2,723 2,802 2,848 2,917 2,996 3,066 3,149 3,264 3,225 3,167 3,298 3,477 3,662 3,233 3,196 3,749 3,876 3,321 3,477 3,705 3,857 3,919 3,934 4,011 4,474 4,783 4,925 3,995 4,202 4,660 5,483 5,856 6,026 1,967 2,038 2,122 2,215 4,972 5,077 5,264 5,411 5,538 5,664 5,854 2,300 6,000 1,399 1, *36 14,178 14,967 16,104 16,334 17,238 15,995 16,557 16,893 3,949 3,977 4,166 4,185 4,221 4,009 4,056 4,145 16,824 10,819 10,931 10,928 10,965 11,091 2,250 2,265 2,278 2,289 5,818 5,859 5,979 6,041 16,809 4,083 4,106 4,121 4,138 4,181 2,320 6,089 7,084 7,122 7,130 7,203 7,150 3,270 3,353 3,3*0 3,301 3,191 3,029 16,291 17,034 17,121 17,222 17,151 17,133 4,148 4,178 4,179 4,177 4,170 4,180 11,015 11,047 11,164 11,288 11,496 2,3*2 2,355 2,321 2,312 2,313 2,308 6,137 6,137 6,947 6,960 2,719 2,72* 16,937 16,922 4,112 4,103 2,29* 2,305 5,918 5,929 1,661 1,982 2,165 2,333 780 Transpor Wholesale tation andand reta i l public trade utilities 15,302 14,46l 15,290 15,321 918 889 916 885 852 777 770 795 Manufac turing 3,013 3,248 3,433 3,619 3,798 3,872 4,023 4,122 4,141 2,169 52,455 52,484 53,131 1,021 8*8 1,012 1,185 1,229 1,321 1,**6 1,555 982 August.... September •. October.... November... December... 52,261 Contract con struction 2,603 2,63* 2,622 2, 593 2,780 3,037 2,588 2,669 2,853 3,0*0 3,257 16,764 16,769 16,715 7,260 1,*80 l,*69 1, *35 1, *09 7,522 8,6oe 9,196 9,519 1,619 1,672 1,7*1 9,513 9,645 10,012 1,765 1 ,82* 10,281 10,527 10,520 10,803 11,144 12,092 11,139 11,062 1,*28 1,892 6,105 6,045 6,010 5,976 6,080 6,043 5,944 5,595 5,474 5,650 6,389 6,609 6,645 6,751 6,915 7,176 7,213 7,296 7,342 7,602 7,315 7,349 1 In d u s try E m p lo ym en t T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l esta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s try i In t h o u s a n d s ) All Industry employees 1957 Jan. 51,238 Production workers 1956 nt . 50,246 TOTAL.................................. Feb. 51,199 M IN IN G ................................ 805 8o4 780 108.9 108.8 106.9 32.9 35.3 33.2 35.2 34.0 33.6 18.0 18.0 ANTHRACITE.......................... 33.2 BITUMINOUS-COAL..................... CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION......................... METAL MINING........................ Petroleum and n a t u r a l - g a s production NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING..... CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION .................. NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION.............. H i g h w a y a n d s t r e e t ........................... O t h e r n o n b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n .......... BUILDING CONSTRUCTION................. 93.^ Jan. 1956 Fell. 17.0 30.0 15.3 93.4 29.1 29.9 15.4 14.5 33.5 34.0 30.8 31.2 30.8 233.4 232.8 224.5 213.1 213.0 205.6 324.3 322.4 309.9 130.6 130.3 128.3 89.2 90.4 89.I - - - - - - - - - - - 104.9 2,724 422 158.9 263.5 2,302 106.4 2,719 429 164.4 364.3 2,290 104.5 399 153.2 245.6 2,189 918.2 921.0 878.4 SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS............ 1,383.5 332.3 154.7 209.5 687.0 1,369.1 335.1 157.0 209.4 1,310.7 310.2 144.3 667.6 29.I 91.2 29.3 28.6 2,588 GENERAL CONTRACTORS.................. P l u m b i n g a n d h e a t i n g ........................ P a i n t i n g a n d d e c o r a t i n g .................... E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ............................... O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ........ 1957 170.6 685.6 - MANUFACTURING ......................... 16,922 16,937 16,824 13,084 13 ,117 13,212 DURABLE GOODS........................ NONDURABLE GOODS..................... 9,943 6,979 9,948 9,776 7,0*8 7,680 7,703 7,692 6,969 5,4o4 5,4l4 5,520 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............. 130.4 132.0 130*2 79.3 80.6 85.7 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS............ 1,463.9 334.3 107.4 1,486.5 343.9 107.1 1 ,005.0 260.3 1,026.6 1,013.0 69.0 172.1 176.8 1,*59*7 332.2 105.5 171.7 117.7 68.1 140.0 83.4 169.4 OO A 66.3 110.3 9*.l M e a t p r o d u c t s .................................. D a i r y p r o d u c t s ................................ C a n n i n g a n d p r e s e r v i n g ..................... G r a i n - m i l l p r o d u c t s ......................... B a k e r y p r o d u c t s ............................... S u g a r ............................................. C o n f e c t i o n e r y and r e l a t e d products.... B e v e r a g e s ....................................... M i s c e l l a n e o u s f o o d p r o d u c t s .............. TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................. C i g a r e t t e s ...................................... C i g a r s ............................................ Tobacco stemming 2 a n d r e d r y i n g ........... 116.4 288.8 26.5 116 .9 269.0 31.1 138.3 143.2 287.2 169.2 21.5 64.5 168.9 204.4 134.8 205.9 134.3. 27.5 80.7 200.1 137.1 96.9 102.1 34.2 33.6 6.7 98.5 33.8 37.3 7.2 27.6 20.2 79.2 33.4 34.3 6.6 22.6 81.5 69.4 269.5 81.4 81.9 25.8 66.8 109.0 111.1 90.4 87.5 92.4 30.4 31.7 91.4 29.6 32.6 5.6 19.7 2U 259.4 89.7 30.* 35.5 6.1 17.7 In d u s try Em ploym ent T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s tr y - C o n tin u e d (In t h o u s a n d s ) All Industry TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.................. Scouring and combing p l a n t s .................. N a r r o w f a b r i c s a n d s m a l l w a r e s ........ . K n i t t i n g m i l l s ..................................... C a r p e t s , r u g s , o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ...... H a t s ( e x c e p t c l o t h a n d m i l l i n e r y ........... APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS.............................. M e n ' s a n d b o y s ’ s u i t s a n d c o a t s ............. M e n ' s and boys' f u r n i s h i n g s and w o r k c l o t h i n g ............................................ Women's, children's under g a r m e n t s .......... M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and ac c e s s o r i e s . . . . O t h e r f a b r i c a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s .......... LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................ Logging camps Millwork, and plywood, c o n t r a c t o r s ............... H o u s e h o l d f u r n i t u r e ............................. Office, p u b l i c - b u i l d i n g , and p r o f e s s i o n a l f u r n i t u r e .......................................... Partitions, s h elving, lockers, and Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous f u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ........................ PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............... P u l p , p a p e r , a n d p a p e r b o a r d s m i l l s ........ P a p e r b o a r d c o n t a i n e r s a n d b o x e s ............ O t h e r p a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ............. PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES............................ L i t h o g r a p h i n g ...................................... publishing 423766 0 - 57 -3 and Production employees Jan« 1,019.7 19*16 Feb. 1,081.4 6.5 1957 workers 12.0 63.3 83.5 50.6 11.5 63.9 90.3 54.3 13.8 65.4 1,224.0 121.4 1,204.1 121.3 1,262.6 122.8 1,090.0 109.4 1,071.2 109.4 1,130.9 111.0 303.5 378.7 131.1 21.2 72.7 297.4 374.2 127.9 18.2 70.4 10.2 57.6 319.4 392.0 277.9 336.7 117.2 18.9 64.7 7.1 51.5 272.3 333.0 113.2 15.9 62.7 7.4 51.3 295.4 350.0 114.4 106.6 106.0 65.5 7.0 55.3 111.1 6.0 118.2 440.6 29-5 212.2 83.2 50.8 6.1 118.5 hkk.2 29.3 212.1 128.0 467.2 30.7 225.2 127.8 Jan. 928.9 5-6 109.7 417.3 1956 Feb. 989.0 Feb. 925.1 5.4 108.9 414.2 25.9 192.3 72.4 42.4 10.7 52.9 25.8 191.8 72.9 42.3 10.0 53.5 6.0 118.6 440.0 27.2 205.0 78.8 46.0 12.0 55.4 9.8 58.1 127.5 126.9 24.0 73.0 10.2 61.7 131.7 637.6 7 1 .1 338.9 640.6 65.9 343.2 703.6 83.2 376.3 569.4 64.3 308.4 573.0 59.5 313.4 635.3 76.0 347.9 118.4 53.5 55.7 121.5 131.4 55-5 57.2 98.0 49.4 49.3 100.7 109.4 51.2 and p r e f a b ric ate d FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................. Miscellaneous Feb. 1 ,015.8 1957 54.2 55.8 50.0 49.4 21.2 50.8 370.0 254.3 254.0 380.1 266.5 310.0 219.8 310.3 219.5 232.6 47.8 47.3 47.1 38.4 37.9 38.2 40.5 41.1 38.6 30.2 30.7 29.6 27.4 28.1 27.9 21.6 22.2 21.5 569.5 285.2 572.6 286.7 151.0 556.7 277.3 462.0 235.6 120.5 105.9 465.2 455.5 236.8 230.4 557.2 159.9 557.0 158.9 26.4 35.7 183.9 47.3 11.8 38.5 540.3 153.0 54.5 52.1 149.2 135.1 864.6 322.4 63.4 56.2 226.5 62.1 16.0 370.5 134.9 864.8 320.5 63.9 55-8 228.1 148.2 131.2 839.6 309.1 66.4 52.9 218.3 26.7 36.2 182.8 47.1 62.2 17.0 47.4 45.2 47.2 11.0 38.1 70.9 69.9 67.4 55.3 62.5 17.8 printing 122.2 106.2 321.9 121.0 104.1 28.3 32.6 178.3 47.1 12.6 36.3 3 In d u stry Em ploym ent T a b le A-2'» A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p r o d u c tio n w o rk e rs in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s tr y - C o n tin u e d ( In t h o u s a n d s ) All Industry CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........... I n d u s t r i a l i n o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s .............. I n d u s t r i a l o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ................. D r u g s a n d m e d i c i n e s .............................. Soap, c l e a n i n g and p o l i s h i n g p r e p a r a t i o n s ...................................... P a i n t s , p i g m e n t s , a n d f i l l e r s ............... G u m a n d w o o d c h e m i c a l s ......................... F e r t i l i z e r s ......................................... V e g e t a b l e a n d a n i m a l o i l s a n d f a t s ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s c h e m i c a l s ........................ PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g ............................... Coke, o t h e r p e t r o l e u m and c o a l prod u c t s . . RUBBER PRODUCTS........................ Tires and i n n e r t u b e s ........................... Other r u b b e r p r o d u c t s ........................... LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ Leather: tanned, curried, and finished... Industrial leather belting and packing... B o o t a n d s h o e c u t s t o c k a n d f i n d i n g s ...... F o o t w e a r ( e x c e p t r u b b e r ) ....................... L u g g a g e .............................................. H a n d b a g s a n d s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s ........... Glo ves and m is c e l l a n e o u s leat her goods... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... F l a t g l a s s .......................................... Glass and glassware, p r e s s e d or blown.... Glass products made of purchased glass... S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c t s ....................... P o t t e r y a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ................. Concrete, gypsum, and pla s t e r products... C u t - s t o n e a n d s t o n e p r o d u c t s ................. Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral p r o d u c t s ............................................ PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................ Blast furnaces, steel works, 49.8 75.1 8.8 38.0 41.5 102.8 253.6 201.8 51.8 278.6 120.8 21.9 135.9 370.7 43.7 4.7 17.7 241.0 15.1 31.6 16.9 employees Production workers 96.3 10*56 Feb. 827.* 108.3 315.0 92.T *9.* 75.0 8-7 35.5 *2.0 102.9 *9.6 7*.2 8.* 37.8 *2.5 98.9 30.2 46.7 7.4 28.7 29.4 65.O 29.9 251.0 2*8.9 198.7 Jan. 839.9 110.1 320.0 201.9 *9.1 50.2 Feb. i<«7 Jan. 555.0 76.0 553.4 75.6 216.3 56.7 214.9 56.7 1956 Feb. 557.5 75.8 220.6 55.6 29.6 46.7 7.4 26.5 29.5 46.9 7.1 28.9 30.0 6k.8 63.0 172.1 130.6 41.5 170.4 131.4 39.0 169.7 129.3 40.4 218.5 92.8 17.6 108.1 221.9 93.5 18.1 110.3 224.5 93.2 20.9 110.4 326.5 39.3 3.6 15.7 216.5 12.2 25.7 13.5 349.5 40.6 4.0 17.3 282.2 121.5 22.* 138.3 283.3 121.0 366.2 390.2 *5.1 5.1 19.1 25*.7 15.6 33.5 17.1 331.2 39.1 3.6 15.9 217.1 12.8 457.5 29.9 80.4 15.4 35.6 68.2 47.8 90.6 17.5 461.3 30.9 81.0 469.8 15.6 15.8 35.7 70.9 47.2 90.7 17.5 35.3 74.6 47.2 90.9 17.5 *3.8 *.7 17.5 2*0.6 1*.5 29.* 15.7 25.0 137.3 27.8 14.9 229.8 13.3 29.7 14.8 552.3 33.3 95.9 lfl.3 42.4 77.9 54.4 113.7 20.1 18.5 *2.* 80.* 53.9 113.1 20*1 556.2 3*.0 96.3 18.6 *2.2 8*.0 53.5 111.3 20.1 96.3 95.5 96.2 72.1 71.8 73.0 1,343.7 1,352.0 1,3*5.9 1,120.2 1,129.9 1,138.4 664.7 234.0 66* .8 661.7 2*5.3 561.7 203.1 561.8 236.0 205.7 566.5 215.5 71.7 73.5 66.* 57-3 59.1 53.5 13.8 13.7 13.7 10.3 10.2 10.5 112.7 79.4 10T.4 116.6 118.5 79.1 87.5 91.6 67.3 134.2 95.2 66.0 131.2 and rolling I r o n a n d s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ....................... Primary smelting and refining of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... Secondary smelting and refining of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... N o n f e r r o u s f o u n d r i e s ............................ Miscellaneous primary metal industries... * Feb. 841.4 110.3 318.4 96.7 1 W 55*.3 3*.2 96.2 80.9 166.5 161.2 65.6 134.7 30.3 81.2 Ind u stry I m p lo ym m t T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s tr y - C o n tin u e d (In t h o u s a n d s ) employee:3 All Industry FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)............................ Tin cans and other t i n w a r e .................... m . 1,140.3 54.7 149.9 1957 Jan. 1,140.2 , 53.8 152.2 Production workers 1956 m . M . 1957 1 ,122.2 903.0 47.4 120.6 125.2 55.0 156.2 Ju . 1956 r a . 905.8 899.2 47.8 127.4 84.3 243.2 205.6 39*7 5 1 .O 111.2 83.1 241.2 97.6 218.0 203.5 1,299.1 62.4 103.5 116.3 228.5 1,274.3 57.0 115.7 110.7 219.3 46.8 122.8 H e a t i n g a p p a r a t u s (except e l ectric) and p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s ..................... * ....... F a b r i c a t e d s t r u c t u r a l m e t a l products...... M etal stamping, coating, and e n g r a ving... L i g h t i n g f i x t u r e s ................................ F a b r i c a t e d w i r e p r o d u c t s ...................... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. 137.9 137.2 290.1 2**.8 *8.7 61.5 1*0.7 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)........... 1,780.9 E n g i n e s a n d t u r b i n e s ............................ A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ....... C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y .......... 87.0 1,769.0 86.4 143.4 159.7 297.7 1,708.* 77.3 156.3 150.5 28*.7 1,307.8 62.7 194.4 276.9 282.9 138.2 189.2 283.1 190.3 255.* 120.9 198.* 27**6 136.5 184.8 104.6 143.8 219.1 136.9 184.8 103.1 143.2 220.4 136.7 174.1 91.7 152.4 216.7 1,241.7 1,245.7 1,162.9 883.O 891.9 848.6 427.9 430.6 387.1 50.3 23.7 298.5 40.6 19.1 63.5 28.4 394.6 38.3 302.0 40.7 274.7 40.6 19.6 18.8 63.O 111.2 326.2 2W .7 49.6 62.1 lW.it 162.2 298.7 S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y ma c h i n e r y (except m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ) ...................... G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ................. O f f i c e a n d s t o r e m a c h i n e s a n d devices.... S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d machines.. ELECTRICAL MACHINERY................... Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. 194.0 277.4 140.2 190.1 52.0 109.9 322.7 251.3 49.9 63.2 51.8 e q u i p m e n t ........................ e l e c t r i c a l p r o d u c t s .......... 24.7 78.9 32.7 573.2 52.3 25.2 79-2 32.7 573.8 52.4 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT................ 1,928.0 1 ,926.1 825.4 888.7 566.5 839.3 875.7 558.7 179.2 19.0 18.6 119.2 Electrical equipment Communication Miscellaneous f o r v e h i c l e s .......... A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s a n d p a r t s .................. A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s a n d p a r t s .............. O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a n d e q u i p m e n t ....... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ...... INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS........ Laboratory, Mechanical scientific, measuring Watches and 23.2 389.4 38.9 1,440.4 6.5 22.5 46.3 7-5 1,392.4 713.2 519 .I 332.1 99-6 9-9 77-5 106.3 9-0 62.1 8.2 61.2 9.2 343.5 344.6 332.6 232.7 234.0 230.5 36.1 61.9 156.8 1*.6 106.6 98.8 25.6 683.1 583.4 370.4 114.9 12.6 85.5 120.7 100.6 20.1 46.7 83.8 72.7 72.0 61.8 42.7 41.8 85.2 86.6 14.0 8*.8 1*.0 58.3 10.6 60.4 10.5 59-5 10.8 44.7 27-9 66.2 32-7 44.it 27.8 *2.2 28.2 31.0 21.8 41.9 26.4 30.7 21.7 41.9 27.0 29.4 22.4 42.5 29.8 and controlling c l o c k s ............................... 5 1.1 114.3 12*.* 121.4 143.0 and engin eer ing O p t i c a l i n s t r u m e n t s a n d l e n s e s .............. Sur g i c a l , medical, and dental 1,8*1.* 875.1 771.5 *93.5 64.0 20.5 398.7 38.4 39-5 140.8 117.4 23.4 181.8 24.1 t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t .............. 5*5.8 51.8 118.3 229.8 40.1 52.2 110.7 1,438.9 668.0 594.0 377.9 116.4 12.9 86.8 122.4 101.6 20.8 47.2 73 118.9 Other 78.0 26.2 108.2 208.9 14.1 66.5 33.3 65.1 36.5 5 Industry Employment Table A -2 : A ll employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry - Continued (In thousands) Industry T.fc. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... 474.3 51*4 Pens, pencils, other office supplies.... Costume Jewelry, buttons, notions..... Fabricated plastics products........ . 81.4 30.3 58.9 88.2 145.1 19.0 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES....... Trucking and warehousing......... Other transportation and services....... Air transportation (common carrier).... COMMUNICATION............................ OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES................... Gas and electric utilities........ . Electric light and power utilities..... Electric light and gas utilities Local utilities, not elsewhere 473.0 5 1.7 1 9 .1 78.4 30.9 59.4 88.7 144.8 Production workers 1956 Feb. Feb. 492.5 53.7 18.8 85.2 31.0 65.8 85.5 152 .5 378.4 40.6 16.0 66.9 22.9 47.4 70.0 114.6 1 957 4,083 - - 2,697 1,132.6 988.7 2,709 1,139-5 996.1 2,712 1,188.3 1,040.8 _ _ 106.2 106.0 109.6 804.3 659.0 44.1 139.5 777.1 636.9 42.9 120.6 813 771.2 41.4 810 767.5 41.4 787 743.4 42.4 593 570.4 252.4 145.0 593 570.3 251.8 145.5 584 561.3 249.0 142.2 173.0 173.0 170.1 22.2 22.2 22.3 Feb. 399.7 43.7 16.0 70.3 23.3 54.1 69.3 123.0 376.9 40.9 16 .1 64.0 22.7 47.7 70.7 114.S 4,112 807.3 650.7 43.9 140.1 1956 Jan. 4,103 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE..................................................................... 11,062 WHOLESALE TRADE............................................................................................................... Wholesalers, full-service and limited- All employees 1957 Jan. ’ _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - _ - _ _ - _ - - _ _ _ - - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - 11,139 10,819 3,034 3,031 2,924 _ _ _ 1,765.4 114.1 1,768.2 114.1 1,711.3 114.1 - - - 310.8 309.2 301.9 . . 467.3 467.0 446.5 . . 873.2 1,268.6 877.9 1,262.4 848.8 1,212.6 - - - 8,028 8,108 7,«95 1,333.4 _ _ Groceries, food specialties, beer, Electrical goods, machinery, hardware, Other full-service and limited-function wholesalers......................................................................... .... RETAIL TRADE..... .................................................................................................... General merchandise stores.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores and general mail-order Other general merchandise stores........ Grocery, meat, and vegetable markets.... Dairy-product stores said dealers. ........ Automotive and accessories dealers...... Furniture and appliance stores......... 6 1,338.7 1,392-0 872.0 466.7 1,625.5 1,155.9 227.5 24a .1 908.6 483.4 1 ,612.9 1,149.8 226.7 236.4 7«5.0 573.1 3,745.2 382.9 357.6 783.4 546.8 3,734.0 384.1 349.5 ; 858.5 474.9 1,551.0 1,089.4 224.0 237.6 810.9 552.9 3,647.1 386.0 330.2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - Pavroll Indexes Table A -2 Î All employees and production workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry - Continued (In thousands) Feb. All employees 1957 Jan. 2,305 596.3 83.3 840.9 784.3 2,294 590.6 83.4 834.0 786.2 2,250 566.2 80.6 810.8 792.7 Industry FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE............ Security dealers and exchanges................. Insurance carriers and agents................ Other finance agencies and real estate.. 1956 Tab. SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS............................... Hotels and lodging places........................... Personal services: 5,929 465.6 5,918 458.O 5,818 466.7 Cleaning and dyeing plants....................... 328.3 160.7 208.5 329.6 162.2 208.0 328.9 160.8 214.7 GOVERNMENT............................................................ 7,349 F E D E R A L .............................................................................. 2,200 5,149 STATE AN D L O C A L ........................................................... 7,315 7,084 2,196 5,119 2,160 4,924 Production workers 1956 1957 Feb. Feb. Jen. - - - - - - _ - - - - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - _ _ _ ~ ~ - Table A-3e Indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payrolls in manufacturing Year 1939.• • • 19*0 ___ 1941___ 19 *2 ___ 19*3.... 1944.... 1945.... 1946.... 1947.. . . 1946___ 1949.... 1950.. . . 1951.... 1952.. . . 1953.... 1954.... 1955.... 1956.... Production-worker employment Production-worker Year and Number Index payroll index (in thousands) (1947-49 = 100 ) (1947-49 = 100) month 8,192 8,811 10,877 12,854 15,014 14,607 12,864 12,105 12,795 12,715 11,597 12,317 13,155 13,144 13,833 12,589 13,053 13,174 66.2 7 1.2 87.9 103.9 12 1.4 1 1 8 .1 104.0 97.9 103.4 102.8 93.8 99-6 106.4 106.3 111.8 101.8 105.5 106.5 29.9 34.0 49.3 72.2 99.0 102.8 87.8 81.2 97.7 10 5 .1 97.2 1 1 1 .7 129.8 136.6 1 5 1.4 13 7 .7 152.5 161.3 Production-woi'ker employment Production-worker Number Index payroll index (in thousands) (1947-49 = 100) (1947-49 = 100 ) 1956 Feb. . . . M a r.... A p r. . .. 13,212 13,125 13,114 lley.... June... 13,036 13,078 J u ly ... 12,514 Aug.. . . Sept.. . Oet.. . . Mov . . . . 13,245 13,335 13,439 13,353 13,312 D ec..•. 1957 Jan.... F eb .... 1 3 ,11 7 13,084 106.8 106.1 106.0 105.4 105.7 157.7 157.9 158.2 157.3 158.2 101.2 10 7.1 107.8 108.7 108.0 107.6 151.0 161.4 165.8 168.7 167.7 170.9 106.0 105.8 I65 .I 164.7 7 S h ip y a rd s Table A-4: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region (In thousands) 1956 1957 Region V February January February ALL REGIONS ................................................ 219*2 2x7.8 202.8 PRIVATE YARDS.......................................... 118.9 117.4 98.8 NAVY YARDS............................................. 100.3 100.4 104.0 NORTH ATLANTIC..................................... 92.9 48.1 44.8 91-7 47.1 44.6 85 .I 37.8 18.3 19.5 38 .1 19.6 35.1 14.8 20.3 25.4 25.1 19.7 SOUTH ATLANTIC..................................... 18.5 39.8 *5.3 GULF: PACIFIC............................................ 13.8 14.4 50.6 51.4 36.0 36.2 38.4 7.7 6 .7 6.0 5.6 5.6 5.5 49.8 13.0 GREAT LAKES: INLAND: 1/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The Inland region includes all other yards. 2J Data include Curtis Bay Coast Guard Yard. 6 Government Table A-5: Government civilian employment and Federal military personnel (In thousands) Unit of Government F e b ru a ry 1957 Jan u a ry 1957 Fe b ru ary 1956 TOTAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT i/............................. 7,3^9 7,315 7,084 FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT 2/.............................. 2,200 2,196 2,160 2,173-3 1 ,031.7 520.4 2,134.0 1,022.9 510.6 4.5 2 ,170 .1 1 ,033.5 519 .1 617.6 21.8 4.5 233.0 232.2 228.6 212.1 88.0 211.4 88.0 8.9 114.5 20.1 .7 207.9 Legislative.................................... DISTRICT OF C O L U M B I A 3/.......................... 621.2 21.9 8.9 115 .2 20.2 •7 STATE AND LOCAL EMPLOYMENT......................... Local.......................................... Education...................................... TOTAL MILITARY PERSONNEL 4/.............................. 600.5 21.7 4.3 88.4 8.7 110.8 20.0 •7 5,149 5 ,119 4,924 1,325.7 3,823.3 1 ,322.2 3,796.3 1 ,260.0 3,664.1 2,385.0 2,764.1 2,351.2 2,767.3 2,241.1 2,683.0 2,817 2,816 2,893 997-3 915.3 675.9 198.9 29 .I 993.4 918.4 676.0 199.6 29.0 1 ,060.5 934.2 669.4 199.7 29.2 1/ Data refer to Continental United States only. 2/ Data are prepared by the Civil Service Commission. 3/ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan Area (District of Columbia and adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties). 4/ Data refer to Continental United States and elsewhere. 9 State Employment Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State (In thousands) Mining TOTAL State 1C»57 1956 Feb. Florida.................. Georgia.................. Illinois 3/.............. 734.4 253.4 322.5 4 .387 .O 455.6 9OI .9 147.0 712.3 235.5 317 .I 4,168.5 433.7 884.3 146.8 500.6 l,l4o.8 968.3 137.6 3,470.5 1,392.8 (4/) 5OO .8 1,133.6 970.9 139.3 3,466.3 1,393.5 644.2 1,055.6 957.2 132.3 3,444.2 1,407.8 634.9 545.8 543.9 536.4 Maine................... Maryland................. Mississippi.............. • 767.3 273.3 727.3 273.O 862.7 1 ,816.2 2,362.8 862.1 1 ,817.6 829.7 857.5 361.4 1,280.0 861.9 346.2 82.1 179.4 N e v a d a ........................................ N e v H a m p s h i r e ......................... New York................. N o r t h C a r o l i n a . .................... N o r t h D a k o t a ........................... O h io 3/.................. Oregon................... South Carolina........... South Dakota............. 82.5 178 .9 1,895.3 196.7 5,952.3 1,083.4 110.3 3,122.6 566.7 5,984.5 1,090.4 111.4 3,126.8 464.6 3,685.6 282.6 531.8 121.1 466.6 3,687.6 286.1 531.4 121.9 846.7 2,431.3 228.5 102.2 986.4 761.8 484.1 1,121.0 82.2 See footnotes at end of table. 362.8 1,279-3 159 .O 347.3 196.8 Utah..................... 10 2,373.4 1,894.0 2,435^ W i s c o n s i n .................................. - 767.3 271.6 157 .5 N e w J e r s e y ................................ • 492.9 567.0 229.6 102.7 983.9 768.4 485.6 1,119.6 82.9 1,807.3 2,4u .3 846.2 357.4 1,274.0 152 .I 349.6 79.7 178.0 1,874.9 183.8 5,» 5 . 3 1,077.9 108.0 3,098.1 562.3 458.5 3,650.3 294.6 531.7 119.3 846.6 2,344.7 218.7 101.4 938.5 728.0 482.2 1,103.4 79.3 Contract construction 1956 IS57 Tteb. Ife b . 733.0 254.7 321.6 4,399.7 453.0 904.9 146.0 Kentucky................. 1 14.2 14.2 16 .5 16.3 I6 .O I 5.2 6.3 36.7 16 .2 16.3 15.8 fi/) Ü /Î m (2/) 7.5 4.9 5.0 30.1 10.3 (4/> (? /) 7.6 *.9 5.0 30.3 10.3 3.0 (g /) 7 .* *.8 18.2 18.2 39.5 *5.3 .5 2.6 6.2 H ') 6.4 36.9 37*k 1957 Feb. *1.2 20.1 I3 .5 273.9 29.3 *2.8 12.0 1 6 .5 10.3 2*9 IO9.3 50.6 6.7 I73 .I 58.3 (4/> 18.9 30.4 k.6 3 0 .2 39.8 1*2.0 39.4 45.6 .5 2.6 (2/) I5.2 ( § /) < §/) 60.6 65.8 15 .4 1 5 .1 99.9 I8 .I 3.7 8.6 12.5 1.9 5.2 .2 18.4 3.8 8.7 12.6 1.8 5.3 .2 17.0 *0.8 3.* 8.* 12.1 2.2 5.1 .2 1 3 .7 65.6 k.6 k.6 16 .2 16.0 10 .1 * .1 3.9 I 5.5 IO .5 9.6 *.1 1.6 22.0 oh 2.6 k .l - 65 .I 10.0 Jan. *1.2 20.0 I3.3 271.3 _ 1956 M . 33.3 I8.8 13.4 263.I 29.7 *2.3 I2 .9 42.1 14.9 I6 .7 113.0 50.0 7.1 101.1 50.1 6.0 167.2 156.5 57.1 29.9 29.6 _ 6 7.1 10 .7 60.2 66.5 98.8 26.9 16.0 64.9 28.4 32.8 - 5O .3 9.* 60.9 65.* 103.9 *3.6 l*.l 8.2 16.9 6.5 6.8 40.6 14.8 63.6 8.7 16.4 6.7 7.1 92.9 1*.5 221.6 50.8 5.6 1*6.8 3*o 1 94.7 14.8 221.4 53.4 6.1 l4o.6 33.0 90.2 1 3 .7 210.7 21.2 21.2 146.8 13.5 26.3 7.0 37-3 19 .I 155.8 62.9 6.6 17.6 7.3 7.3 5*.6 *.8 13*. 3 31.8 1.6 21.7 50.0 1.7 22ol 5O .8 1.1 91.* (g /) 1.3 2.6 Gì/) 131.3 1.1 91.3 (2/) 1.2 2.6 9.2 131.* 1.0 9*1.2 (2/) 1.2 2.4 9.2 128.0 6.7 CV) 163.7 162.5 1 5 1 .7 15.6 1.4 I 5.5 1.3 1 8 .7 18.6 15.* 1.* I7.3 2.* 80.* 3.6 8.3 12.8 3.5 70.2 37.5 21.3 50.2 5.1 13.1 3.5 68.7 40.0 20.0 49.5 5.2 11.* 3.* 58.* 3*. 5 2.2 81.7 3.7 8.6 2.2 81.7 3.8 8.8 51.9 lk8.5 1*.7 26.8 1*.8 27.6 5.8 38.5 18 .7 *9.1 *.7 State Employment Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State - Continued (In thousands) State Arizona..................... California................... District of Columbia......... Georgia...................... Illinois 2/ ................. Iova........................ Kansas...................... Kentucky.................... Maine....................... Massachusetts................ Michigan..................... Minnesota.................... Mississippi.................. Missouri..................... Nebraska..................... New Hampshire................ New York.... ................ North Carolina............... North Dakota.... ............ ...................................... Ohio 2J Manufacturing 1956 1957 Jan* Tell, ra* 2*3.3 37.9 *32.1 **.1 *5.3 59.8 10.6 16 .* 165.1 16.2 16*.* 33*. 8 25.2 1 ,286.8 612.0 168.0 16.0 29.0 332.1 2*. 3 1 ,28*.9 609.7 (4/) 127.8 168.2 1 *7 .7 107.0 275.5 707.0 1 ,078.8 127.8 172.5 1 *6.6 107.0 27*. 6 705.3 1 ,087.7 153.6 337.* 23.7 1 ,298.0 93.6 73.6 15.5 303.5 629.5 169.0 101.3 121.9 171.7 1 *5.8 110.7 60.8 86.0 20.7 262.6 718.2 1 ,129.2 120.2 1 *9 .1 8*.8 25.3 125.5 20.6 38.5 8.9 10 .* 217.3 107 .* 393.2 19 .* 55.3 5.6 83.9 216.2 106.5 392.5 209.7 106 .* 391.6 20.2 56.1 5.6 83.O 19.8 58.1 5.7 8*.l 818.1 19.6 1 ,911.2 *68.3 6 .1 1 ,366.* 89.7 81*.2 19.6 817.9 18 .* 1,938.1 *68.5 1,913.* *71.7 6.2 1,37*.8 90.3 12 5 .1 l,*86.3 6.2 1,372.5 90.3 131.8 l,*73-9 121.2 125.0 229.* 229.9 233.8 1 1.2 11.2 29*. 3 *80.6 299.6 *63.* 3*.* 38.8 259.7 32.3 38.* 253.5 208.0 128.9 192.1 (it/) Utah......................... 34.2 38.2 258.8 208.3 125.6 457.9 5.9 28.3 360.* 73.6 483.9 423766 0 - 57-4 *9.7 21.7 *37.* 59.1 T e x a s ................................................... Sec footnotes at end of table. 2*3.7 3*.0 *36.5 59.1 125.6 Washington................... West Virginia......... ...... Wisconsin.................... 37.7 85.9 1,219.1 88.2 1 ,139.0 66 .5 85.6 1 ,222.7 72.0 Pennsylvania................. 1 ,*8*.6 South Dakota«................ Tennessee ................ 2**. 9 K Transportation and public utilities 19 ;Î1 195& Feb. Jan* b . *58.5 6 .1 132.6 11.2 129.9 *6 1 .* 5.9 (*/) 55.5 77.9 1 * 9.9 19.8 *9*. 6 63.2 12 .7 216.8 *8.2 *6 .7 310.3 15.5 26.7 9.7 (V ) 228.7 *9.8 *9.7 21.6 2G„5 28.3 , 28.* 3*0.6 358.5 ** .0 *5.0 11.1 29.2 92.7 73.3 15.5 302.5 100.9 53.5 61.0 55.5 86.1 20.8 78.2 120.2 Wholesale and retail trade Feb. 1957 152.2 62.3 78.0 979-5 1950 Jet. 152.7 1*7.7 75.6 938.* 62À 58.8 * * .1 * * .5 155.4 79.3 98*.* 123.1 155.2 11.3 28.8 28.5 27.1 89.0 88.2 321.2 216 .1 176 .1 213.3 33.9 729.8 290.3 173.7 131.5 134.8 132.1 138.3 132.0 182.7 182.6 29 .O 87 .* 72.8 15.3 303.6 101 .* 55.0 62.6 57.* 83.3 12 1.7 88.1 347.0 214.6 34.9 725.9 296.6 (4/) 21.0 54.2 7*.l 183.6 1*9.3 119.6 150.1 378.6 454.7 85.6 8*.l 25.* 12*. 8 25.3 12*.* 211.8 86.0 20.6 20.7 305.2 39.6 38.5 9.0 10 .* *0.5 9.0 10.6 32.5 153.3 19.8 *99»* 63 .O 12.7 150.2 18.9 340.5 43.3 1 ,289.4 *97.1 218.2 *8.5 62.2 13.0 220.3 50.2 *7.0 311.3 *7.2 313.8 15.6 25.8 15.8 25.7 9.7 58.3 228.3 Jan. 9.6 59.5 226.6 96.9 16.7 3**.0 35.7 731.0 298.3 5*.5 185.5 381.3 *60.2 216.0 86.8 309.3 39.8 97.6 16 .7 175.6 5*.0 176.0 370.6 *63 .* 212.0 86.8 315.2 38.1 96.8 16.7 31.5 3**.3 *3.5 1,323.3 22*.* 222.9 37.3 36'.9 61*. 6 607.5 338.5 *0.7 1,307.2 138.0 138.2 112.4 695.1, 53.2 1 1 *. 6 700.3 5*.0 107.3 106.7 37-9 (4/) 654.5 38.2 198.1 658.* 21.9 7.8 2 1 .* 53-5 19.5 53.9 19.7 90.2 65 .O 51.0 88.0 6 1.7 50.6 228.3 229.2 178.2 72.7 72.9 12.7 12.8 73.8 13-3 130.3 32.7 2 1.7 8 .1 90.2 6*.* 51.6 7.8 116.2 150.8 174.3 8 7.1 241.5 17.9 86.7 2*2.0 13.3 220.8 35.9 603.6 139.3 109.7 68*.8 5*.0 10 *.7 38.2 193.8 630.0 51.0 19.2 213.6 171.0 86.* 232.6 17.0 Stato Employment Table A-6: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State - Continued ______ State (In thousand»)_____________________ Feb. Alabama............... Arizona............... Arkansas.............. California............ Colorado.............. Connecticut........... Delavare.............. 1937 28.1 10.0 10.1 216.6 20.8 48.7 5.3 District of Columbia 2/ Florida............. Georgia........ ...... Idaho................. Illinois ¿/........... Indiana............... Iowa.................. 24.5 56.9 40.0 4.7 174.8 Kansas................. Kentucky.............. Louisiana............. Maine.... ............ , Maryland 2/........... . Massachusetts......... Michigan.............. 20.0 20.1 Minnesota............. Mississippi.......... . Missouri.............. Montana jj/............ Nebraska.............. Nevada................ New Hampshire......... New Jersey............ New Mexico............ New York.............. North Carolina........ North Dakota.......... Ohio ............... Oklahoma.............. Oregon................ Pennsylvania.......... Rhode Island.......... South Carolina........ South Dakota.......... Tennessee jj\J.......... Texas..... ........... Utah.................. Vermont............... Virginia 2 / ........... Washington............ West Virginia......... Wisconsin............. Wyoming............... Service and Miscellaneous Finance, Insurance, and real estate 51.0 (4/) 27.8 8.6 39.6 93-8 77.4 42.4 Jan. 28.0 9.7 10.1 214.9 20.7 48.2 5.3 Feb. 26.4 9.3 9.7 207.7 20.7 46.0 5.1 24.6 56.3 39.6 4.7 173.9 50.4 29.9 24.3 53.6 37.9 4.6 172.3 20.0 20.1 27.6 8.6 19.4 39.5 93.5 77.3 48.9 28.5 19.8 26.2 8 .1 38.1 89.1 73.8 1 1.2 63.2 42.4 11.1 41.1 10.6 62.8 5.8 63.2 5.8 20.6 20.5 2.4 6.1 81.3 6.9 444.6 35-3 5.0 102.6 22.6 18.4 135.0 12.6 2.4 6.1 80.9 6.8 441.7 35.4 5.0 101.7 22.5 18.3 5.4 20.1 2.4 5.8 79.4 6.3 441.1 33.0 4.8 100.0 21.8 18.2 112 .9 134.7 12.5 15.4 5.1 30.7 111.8 132.4 12.1 15.1 5.2 29.7 107.1 9.* 3.5 *2.0 33.* 12.2 *0.5 2.3 9.5 3.4 41.8 33.7 12.2 *0.2 2.3 9.2 3.4 40.7 32.4 11.9 38.9 2.2 15.4 5.1 ih/) 1957 _£ski 66.2 33.6 37.6 580.4 58.4 93.1 14.3 ■ftuu Govern» nt 1956 Feb. 64.3 138.1 137.6 30.3 36.1 52.6 62.3 52.8 61.8 56.0 89.6 729.5 90.5 83.O 15.9 725.6 90.3 82.4 15.7 255.5 176.9 158.4 28.2 365.6 155.6 (4/) 254.9 176.1 158.3 27.9 364.6 155.0 109.7 97.8 103.0 125.4 44.6 102.2 125.3 4 5.1 125.1 226.0 265.2 226.3 262.5 14.4 546.4 13.6 70.2 68.6 179.5 93-9 18.2 409.9 109.4 74.3 166.6 92.O 59.3 68.5 87.0 26.0 97.8 224.8 222.6 105.3 39.3 156.2 20.4 45.9 21.1 18.6 202.2 23.7 822.4 96.6 15.9 296.1 58.4 68.2 86.7 26.1 96.6 17.1 399.3 108.6 72.9 56.9 66.3 83.0 25.9 92.8 105.1 105.1 38.3 152.3 19.9 45.5 19-4 18.4 136.9 74.8 137.7 75.0 162.5 161.2 20.9 20.9 192.8 21.6 816.3 96.4 204.5 52.8 758.9 142.2 203.1 39-4 156.4 20.4 45.9 21.1 18.5 200.2 23.6 822.0 96.9 15.9 218.5 15.2 57-6 415.7 29.5 42.5 17.1 (4/) 57.6 414.9 54.7 400.0 29.6 29.6 42.5 17.2 91.5 42.3 289.4 288.9 282.5 25.4 12.3 25.4 12.2 102.5 88.0 43.9 115.9 10.1 24.0 12.0 97-6 43.6 116.3 10.0 124.9 222.2 295.2 6l.4 103.6 88.5 96.8 224.5 222.2 296.0 62.1 6 2 .1 -¿MU. 66.1 70.6 18.3 1957 32.9 37.4 576.3 57.9 91.4 184.5 94.1 412.6 110.0 (V) Feb. 16.6 91.9 83.6 43.8 112.2 9.6 31.0 70.3 15.7 26.6 364.4 122.0 8 1.6 30.9 70.5 15.7 52.6 753.1 141.5 26.6 358.9 121.6 8 1.7 131.1 48.6 59.4 695.9 87.5 79.2 15.0 250.8 164.7 148.9 27.1 354.6 153.9 104.6 93.6 99.1 121.1 43.5 122.6 222.2 257.3 133.6 72.5 156.0 29.5 69.O 14.1 20.1 202.0 48.7 734.3 138.3 26.4 350.6 115.6 76.8 402.0 35.9 83.O 395.4 35.7 31.0 30.5 124.4 355.4 405.0 35.9 83.0 30.9 (it/) 372.4 127.3 369.4 55.9 l6.0 174.6 153.2 55.9 15.9 173.2 153.3 61.0 138.2 61.2 19.7 -1356F«h. 136.9 19.3 81.3 54.0 15.9 169.4 150.3 60.5 131.8 18.3 Revised series; not strictly compara l/ Mining combined with construction. 2/ Mining combined with service. ble with previously published data, Not available. Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia portions u y4/ Ho of Washington, D. C., Metropolitan area Included in data for District of Columbia. 12 Area Employment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division Area and industry division ALABAMA Birmingham (in thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1957 1956 division Feb. Feb. Jan. Los Angeles-Lon* Beach 207.2 Mining................. Contract construction... 9.6 12.9 Trans, and pub. util.... 69.2 16.6 Mobile Total.................. Contract construction... ARIZONA Phoenix Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade....... ••••••••••• Service Tucson Total.•••••••••••••••••• Mining................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.......... . Finance••••••••••••••••• Government•••••••••••••• ARKANSAS Little RockN. Little Rock Total..... ••••••••••••• Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.••.••••••••••••••• Finance................ Service l/.•*••••••••*•• Government............. CALIFORNIA Fresno Manufacturing.......... 9.7 12.9 69.O 201.9 1 1 .1 10.4 66.7 46.6 46.6 16.6 l6.4 46.5 12.0 21.8 18.6 12.0 21.8 18.6 1 1 .5 21.5 18.0 88.5 88.8 85.2 4.8 19.2 Trans, and pub. util.... 207.0 4.9 19.6 10.5 10.5 18.2 3 .7 18.2 9.4 3.7 9.4 22.8 22.8 129.0 .2 1 1 .1 22.7 10.0 36.1 6.9 17.5 24.5 54.9 2.3 4.0 9.3 5.1 12.8 1 .7 9.2 10.5 69.3 3.4 1 1.9 7.7 17.9 4.8 10.1 13 .7 127.9 .2 10.7 22.4 10.0 36.4 6.7 5.0 17.1 10.6 18.2 3.7 9 .1 21.8 117 .6 .2 9.9 19.5 9.9 33.6 6.4 Mining........... . Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Finance............... Service....... ....... Government............ Sacramento Total................. Mining................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Finance............... Service...... ........ San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario Manufacturing......... 16.0 22.1 55.0 2.3 4.1 9.6 5.1 51.0 2.0 Finance............... Service............... Government............ 12 .7 12.2 1.6 17.0 1.7 9.0 10.5 69.9 3.7 11.6 7.9 18.3 4.7 10.1 13 .7 4.2 2,169.1 2,156.7 2,056.9 15.4 15.3 15.5 123.2 125.9 124.9 727.6 772.4 765.9 131.2 138.4 139.3 467.8 469.9 449.9 108.8 101.2 109.5 283.8 300.8 304.2 234.2 222.0 235.6 132.4 .5 8.8 133.1 .5 9.0 15.1 15.2 12.6 26.6 26.9 5.2 5.2 25.5 4.8 1 1 .7 51.9 11.6 52.0 10.8 50.0 27.6 27.4 27 .O 221.5 .2 220.1 .2 195.5 14.2 .5 8 .1 11.8 12.3 .2 14.5 14.2 12.9 69.7 1 1.6 68.8 11.6 51.0 11.2 44.3 45.8 9.9 25.4 44.2 43.6 8.7 24.8 43.1 932.9 1*9 54-9 934.3 1.9 56.4 907.7 1.7 1 9 1 .1 109.8 191.8 108.6 45.5 9.9 25.8 8.6 5.1 7.8 9.5 70.0 4.8 12.6 7.9 17.7 4.6 9.7 12.9 San Francisco-Oakland Total................. Mining................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing. Trans, and pub. util... Government........ . 211.1 66.1 119.4 212.4 65.9 119.3 178.6 178.0 122.7 .1 9.4 37.0 122.8 .1 9.8 36.9 8.2 San Jose Mining................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing..... . Trans, and pub. util... 8.2 26.2 5.7 13.9 12.7 123.8 San Diego Mining................ Contract construction.. Manufacturing....•••••. Trans, and pub. util... 24.5 Number of emrïloyees 195é 1957 Feb. Feb. Jan. 13.5 18.6 26.2 5.6 17.5 18.5 58.1 184.1 104.6 206.8 62.4 115.9 174.1 109.4 .1 9.7 29.9 7.9 23 .O 5.5 15.8 17.5 See footnotes at end of table. 12 Area Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricullural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division CALIFGRNIA-Continued Stockton Manufacturing. Number of employees 1956 1957 Feb. Jan. Feb. Area and Industry division 10 .1 10.2 9.9 COLORADO CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Total.................. Contract construction \J Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance...... .......... Service................ Government............. Hartford Total.................. Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Nev Britain Total Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. 269.3 2.8 18 .* 270.8 2.8 18.6 50.3 51.1 2.9 17.* **.3 29.0 29.0 28.5 76.5 15.5 3*.2 *2.6 77.2 15.3 3*.l *2 .7 Contract construction iy 25*.0 71.9 1*.9 33.8 *0.3 12 5 .1 7*.3 5*2 73.6 6.0 6.0 123.0 5.1 7 2 .1 19.6 19.9 5.9 19.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 9.7 7.9 9.7 7.9 9.7 7.8 2 12 .1 212.8 9 .* 8 2.1 8.9 * 3.8 29.0 21.3 202.3 9.1 81.5 8.9 *3.8 29.1 21.3 18.5 *2.7 1.2 27.9 2.1 5.6 •7 2.8 2.* Service........ ...... Government............ Jan. Feb. 52.7 * .1 52.8 * .1 51.0 *.0 21.5 3.0 21.5 3.0 10.6 1.8 8.0 10.8 1.8 3.8 7.9 3.7 20.7 3.0 10.3 1.7 7.6 3.7 65.3 65.8 Waterbury Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing......... Trans. and pub. util... Finance............... Service............... Government........... . DELAWARE Wilmington 125 .* 5 .1 Nev Haven Total.................. 12*.8 7.2 Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing.......... *7.5 12.6 Trans. and pub. util.... Trade........ .......... 23-5 6.8 Finance................ Service................ 17.9 Government............. 9.3 See footnotes at end of table. ble. JLk Feb. Stamford Trans. and pub. util... Denver Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing...... Trans. and pub. util Trade.................. Finance.......... ..... Service................ Government............. Humber of employees 1 ?57 m r - 18.3 *3.0 1.2 28.0 2.1 5.7 .7 2.8 2.* 8.8 76.9 8.2 *1.7 28.1 20.8 Contract construction.. Trans. and pub. util... Finance............... DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans. and pub. util... Finance............... 18.0 **.0 1.2 29.1 2.1 5.6 .7 2.8 2.5 121.8 6.* *6.5 12.7 23.6 23.2 6.8 17.9 9.2 6.6 17.5 9.1 1.9 *0 .* 65.8 2.0 10.2 1.* *.* 5.0 *0.9 2.7 9.6 1.* *.3 5.0 128.8 10.7 58.3 9.* 23 .O *.9 11.5 11.0 129.9 11.* 58.* 9.9 22.7 *.9 11.6 11.0 131.7 13.* 59.8 10.3 21.7 *.6 11.3 10.6 6* 6.2 6*5.8 37.7 27.5 *3.2 133.1 35.3 95.9 273.1 632.9 38.7 26 .* *2.5 130.2 3*.5 92.3 131.2 9 .* 19.8 15.0 123.9 39.9 2.7 10.1 1.* *.* 5.0 37.* 27.7 *3.2 131.8 35.1 97.3 273.7 2.7 268.3 FLORIDA Jacksonville Contract construction.. Trans. and pub. util... Finance............... 12*.* 7.2 *7.0 12.7 1.8 130.5 9.2 19.3 15.2 39.7 10.7 16.6 19.9 Miami Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans. and pub. util... 287 .O 22.9 35.7 35.7 *0.2 10.5 16.5 19.8 28*.1 2*.5 3*.6 35.3 8.9 18.5 1*.5 37.1 10.2 15.8 1 9 .1 267 .* 22.1 33.6 32.* Area Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1956_ 1 9 57 division Feb. Jan. Feb. Area and industry division FLQRIDA-Continued Miami -Continued Peoria 86.* 15.* Finance............... . 63.1 OQVQTTMDß'ni’ . Tampa-St. Petersburg Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. 27.9 163.0 17 .7 28.9 12.0 52.8 8.0 2*.5 Service 1/............ . Government............. GEORGIA Atlanta Total.,,r,.,..^ -t t -*Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Service 1/....... . G o v e r n m e n t .... Number of employees 1956 1957 Feb. Feb. Jan. 19.2 3*0.5 I6.7 89.* 3*.7 89.I 2*.* *^D3.3 •J *2.9 Savannah Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans.. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service 1/........ . Government............. IDAHO Boise Total.................. Contract construction... Trans . and pub . util . . . . Trade..... ......... . Finance................ Service 5*-5 3-7 I5 .O 6.5 12.7 2.0 7 ii 7.2 85 .* 15.3 61.2 27.8 160.3 17.2 28.3 12.0 52.2 7.9 81.8 1*.2 57.5 26 .O I53.9 I5.9 27 .O 11.8 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Finance................ Service 1/............. Government........ 17.9 Rockford Total.................. Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.... 3*1.* 336.5 Finance................ Service................ Government............. 16.9 90.2 89.8 23.8 I9 .O 3^.7 90.I 2*.l *2.9 *2.5 5*.9 3.5 15.5 6.* 12.9 2.0 7 k 7.2 50.8 7.3 23.5 33.5 *1.5 *1.2 5*.2 3.3 1*.9 6.8 13 .I 2.0 71 •e p~ 6.9 INDIANA Evansville Total.................. Mining.............. . Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Service 3/............. 1.5 1.9 2.5 6.1 1.* 3.2 *.5 ILLINOIS Chicago 2/ Total.................. 2 ,618.6 Mining................. 3*5 122.1 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... 1 ,037.3 2 2 2 .* Trans. and pub. util.... 5*2.0 Finance.... ....... ... 1*2.7 Service. . . 32I.* 227.2 21.7 1.6 1.9 2.5 6.5 1.* 3.2 *.6 Contract construction... 20.2 1.* 1.8 2.3 6.2 1.3 3.0 *.2 Finance................ Indianapolis Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 17.6 2 ,620.3 3.6 119 .7 1 ,039.* 223.6 5*5.7 1 *2 .7 318.9 226.7 7*.8 3.3 ^3.1 2.7 12.* 2.5 6.7 *.1 7*.8 3.3 *3.2 2.7 12.5 2.* 6.7 *.1 7*.o 3.2 *3.7 71.5 1 .7 7 I .5 67 .* 1 .7 32.2 28.2 *•9 1*.6 2.2 12.1 5.1 l*.7 2.2 12.0 79.6 2.7 35.9 7.6 1 7 .* 3.8 J ♦v 12.2 79.7 17 • 1 2.7 35.9 7.7 83.9 288.9 289.* I2 .7 IO8 .O 2,586.5 3.* 113.8 1,03*.0 223.2 537 .* 1 *1.3 309.1 22*. 3 3.9 32.5 *.8 1*.3 2.2 12.1 1.7 3.8 20.9 3.5 9.1 7.5 2 .7 11.9 2 .* 6.5 3.7 3.5 Fort Wayne Trans. and pub. util.... 21. C .A. . J^ 99.6 3.6 *7.* 7.1 21.3 3.6 9.0 7.8 18.6 88.7 23.2 98. * *.3 *6.2 6.9 100.0 *.2 47.2 7.1 21.1 3.6 9.0 7.8 12.2 IO8 .O 22.9 6*.9 63.3 17.6 J3.8 •w 12.0 22.9 65.2 I7.5 63.I South Bend Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... 83.1 2.6 *3.0 *.9 l*.9 3.5 1*.2 83.2 2.6 *3 .1 * .9 1 5 .1 3.5 1*.0 3.3 39.5 7.6 I8 .I 3*5 11.9 286.1 11.1 IIO.7 22.5 63.2 I7 .I 61.5 8*.* 2.7 * * .7 *.9 1 5 .O 3 .* 13.7 See footnotes at end of table. 15 Area Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division IOWA Des Moines Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1 / ........... Government........... KANSAS Topeka Total................. Mining................ . Contract construction... Manufacturing......... . Trans, and pub. util..., Trade.................. Finance............... . Service............... . Government............ . Wichita Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... KENTUCKY Louisville 2/ Total................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Finance............... Service I/ ............ Government............ LOUISIANA Baton Rouge Total................. Mining................ Contract construction.. Manufactur ing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government............ (In thousands) Number of employees Area and Industry 1997 division Feb. Jan. Feb. (5/0 $ 88 *6.9 .2 3.0 5.9 7.3 9.6 2.5 5-9 12.6 127.8 1.9 6.8 57.5 7.2 25.9 *.8 12.5 11.5 2*7-9 12.5 97.7 23.5 55.8 10.2 25.3 23.1 (2/) (5/> <5/> (5/) Cl/) (5/) See footnotes at end of table. 16 97.1 4.2 2*.5 7.9 26.3 10.3 12.1 12.0 *7.0 .2 3.0 6.0 7.3 9.7 2.5 5.9 12.6 93.0 *.1 22.5 7.8 25.* 10.1 11.9 11.3 *6.5 .2 2.9 6.1 7.5 9.^ 2.* 5.8 12.3 7.3 119.3 1.9 7.1 51.1 7.3 26.2 25.2 *.7 12.3 11.5 *.7 11.7 10.6 126.6 1.9 6.7 56.2 2*7.9 12.2 97.7 23.* 56.2 10.2 25.1 23.1 6* .3 .5 7.1 19 .* *.0 12.7 2.2 6.1 12.3 2 51 .I 12.6 102.9 22.7 55.2 10.1 2*.5 23.2 60.9 .* 6.0 18.9 *.l 12 .* 2 .1 5.8 11.2 lev Orleans 2/ Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MAINE Levi aton Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l / ........... Government........... Portland Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1J ........... Government........... MARYLAND Baltimore Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MASSACHUSETTS Boston Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1/........... Government........... Fall River Total................ Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ T Number of employees 1957 Feb. Jan. Feb. 3SE 286.6 7.0 20.9 50.2 *6.2 73.2 13.9 *1.2 3^.1 28.5 .9 15.6 1.0 5.* .8 3.* 1.* 51.7 3.2 12.6 6.* 286.1 7.0 21.1 49.5 *6.1 3*.2 28.5 28.9 *1.1 1.0 15.5 1.0 5.* .8 3.4 1.* 51.8 l4 .* 3.5 7.9 3.7 601.0 601.0 .9 39.7 .9 39.4 210.8 73.0 999.3 37.8 296.6 7*.5 2*0.8 70.8 150.2 128.6 (5/) (1/) (5/) (1/) 6.0 17.5 49.7 **.2 69.7 13.* 39.7 3*.0 73.4 13.9 3.3 12.* 6.* 1*.5 3.5 7.9 3.8 2 11.6 58.6 120 .* 30.3 66 .5 27*. 0 1.0 16.3 .9 5.3 .7 3 .* 1.3 5 1.7 3.2 1 2 .7 6.* 14.5 3.* 7.9 3.6 122.2 575.3 .9 39.5 200.* 56.0 115.1 30.1 29.0 58.8 66.1 63.* 72.7 71.0 998.9 38.2 29*. 7 981.3 36.8 29*. 2 77.0 230.9 66.8 1*6.6 7*.8 2*2.1 70.5 150.0 128.6 *6.2 2 7 .1 2.6 7 .7 129.0 *7.2 27.9 2.7 7.6 Area Employment Table A-7: Employ*«« in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1957 division Jan. Area and industry division MASSACHUSETTS-Continued Fall River»Continued Government............ Other nonmanufacturing. New Bedford Total................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade........... ..... Government............ Other nonmanufacturing. 1*9*1 1.3 27*0 2.6 8.5 3.7 6.0 Springfield -Holyoke Total......... Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Finance............... Service l/............ Government............ Worcester Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1/........... Government........... MICHIGAN Detroit Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... Grand Rapids Manufacturing. Lansing Manufacturing. 3.1 5.9 1*8.9 lo2 26.8 2.6 8.5 3.7 6.1 ^9.7 1.3 161*.1 5.6 75.1 8.5 33.7 7.0 17.0 17.2 165.0 109.1* 3.8 50.9 5.8 20.8 *•9 11.6 11.6 IO 9.8 3.9 51.1 5.9 20.8 4.9 U.6 11.6 1,268.1 •9 53ol 590.7 Flint Manufacturing. 3.1 5.7 78.2 21*3.6 1*8.6 133.3 119.8 85.7 54.0 29.7 6.2 74.8 8.6 3l*.2 7.0 I7 .O I7 .2 1 ,272.8 .9 52.1 595.3 77.9 21*7.3 48 .5 132.3 U8.6 88.2 55.0 29.7 28.0 2.3 8.6 3.6 5.9 161.0 6.2 72.8 8.5 32.0 7.0 16.9 17.6 IO9.5 3.6 53.0 5.6 20.5 4.5 11.3 11.0 MINNESOTA Duluth Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1/........... Government........... Minneapolis-St. Paul Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1/........... Government........... MISSISSIPPI Jackson Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MISSOURI Kansas City Total................ 1 ,303.1* Mining............... .8 Contract construction. 59.9 Manufacturing........ 618.9 Trans, and pub. util.. 80.7 Trade................ 21*8.8 Finance.............. ^7.5 Service.............. 130.5 Government........ . 116.3 St. Louis Total................ 89.1 Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ 56.7 Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. 32.5 Government........... Muskegon Manufacturing. 26.7 26.8 30.4 Saginaw Manufacturing. 25.9 26o2 28.1* MONTANA Great Falls 2/ Total. Contract construction... Feb. Jan. 1*0.9 2.1* 10.9 5.3 10.0 1.8 6.1* l*.l 1*0.8 2.2 10.8 5.2 10.2 1.8 6.1* 1*88.5 23.1* 11*6.7 1*9.4 488.2 119 .6 31.2 58.9 59.2 b.l 22.9 145.6 49.9 120.5 31.1 58.6 59.6 55.7 .8 3.5 10 .1* 4.5 1 5 .O 3.6 7*5 10.6 55.9 .8 3.6 10.5 4.5 3^5.5 .8 345.9 .8 18.2 96.O 17.3 1*3.1* 93.1 20.8 1*0.1* 32.8 718.5 2.5 36.8 278.9 68.1 150.9 35.5 82.3 63.5 18 .1* 1.1 15.0 3.6 7.5 10.6 97.2 43.6 93.4 20.7 4o.4 32.5 717.6 2.6 l$$b' Feb. 39.8 2.0 10.1 5.3 10.3 1.7 6.3 4.1 479.5 24.1 140.2 50.4 II9.2 30.3 57.9 57.4 54.8 .7 3.5 10.3 4o5 14.9 3.5 7.3 10.3 347.8 .8 19 .O 97.3 44.5 93.5 21.0 1*0.5 31.2 718.6 2.6 36.3 38.0 278.3 275.2 67.3 152.4 35.3 8 1.9 63.5 18 .7 1 .1 68.2 155.3 35.9 8 1.6 61.8 1 7 .6 1.0 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Area Employment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry d iv isio n ( In thousands) Number of employees 192L Feb. NEVADA Reno Total............................. Contract construction. Manufacturing ij ........... Trans, and pub. u t i l .. Trade. ............................... Finance..................... Service...................... Government ....................... 3.1 2.3 5.8 3.7 2 .4 Paterson jJ T o ta l.. ............................... Mining................................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing............. Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . Trade................................... 1*7.6 7*3 32.1 22.1 37-9 12.5 20.1 15.7 Area and Industry division 3 .1 2.3 5.9 3.8 2.5 2.8 2.3 5.6 3.5 2.4 Feb. 1957 Jan. 195Ó Feb. 148.1 7.2 32.5 22.1 38.2 12.5 20.1 15.6 148.4 7.3 32.7 Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 23.2 37.9 12.2 19.9 15.3 25.2 2.2 1.6 25.2 2.1 1.6 3.2 6.5 3.2 6.5 4.0 6.7 4 .0 1.1 6.6 1.1 23.6 Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 1.8 3.3 6.0 1.1 5.8 41.2 1 .7 19 .1 2 .7 20.0 *•5 3.0 4.5 3 .0 2.8 8.2 2.0 8.2 2.0 41.3 1.7 158.9 .7 7.1 84.4 9.1 22.7 2.5 159.0 11.4 36.0 40.6 .8 154.8 .7 7.6 84.2 9.2 82.5 9.0 22.6 22.0 10.2 22.2 2.5 10 .1 22.0 2.5 9.8 21.7 100.0 .1 100.3 .1 98.9 3.6 41.5 3.5 41.7 6.7 3.3 40.8 3.3 3.2 11.5 6.6 6.7 .1 6.8 17.0 16.3 3.3 16.6 12.2 12 .1 16.3 16.3 16.2 63.2 63.I 4.5 10.5 5.7 16.5 3 .4 7 .9 14.7 4 .4 3.4 7.9 14.7 58.7 4.6 9.7 5.5 14.9 3.3 7.4 13.3 207.9 209.3 206.9 5.6 77.2 16.4 39.8 7.2 6 .7 77.2 16.4 40.1 7.2 21.8 21.8 22.0 39.9 39.9 39.2 77.8 1.9 42.3 4 .0 14.0 77.9 76.6 2 .1 40.9 2.0 6.2 7.5 2.0 6.2 NEW MEXICO Albuquerque Contract construction... * 1.0 1.5 19.1 2 .7 11.9 37.6 41.6 Trenton 1.9 3.7 11.7 37.8 42.0 Perth Amboy 7 / Contract construction.. . Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 2 .7 7 .8 1.9 4 .4 10.5 5 .7 16.5 NEW YORK Albany-Schenectady-Troy 2/ 825.2 .2 829.2 .2 822.1 .2 23.8 25.0 25.6 36*. 5 363.4 85.5 142.8 46.6 83.4 365.3 84.0 140.3 45.7 82.1 140.9 47.0 83.9 82.8 82.3 80.5 80.5 Contract construction.. . Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 391.4 1.9 22.0 I 85 .O 24.6 66.4 390.9 1.9 22.4 183.5 24.6 67.4 384.9 1.8 19.8 186.4 23.4 65.5 6.8 76.0 16.2 39.5 7.1 Binghamton 2/ Contract construction... See footnotes at end of table. 18 Feb. Contract construction.. . NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester Total........................... Contract construction... Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service................................. Government........................... BEST JERSEY Newark-Jersey City jJ Total..................................... Mining................................... Contract construction.. . Manufacturing.. . . ............. Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service................................. Government........................... ~Î9!T Paterson 7 / -Continued MONTANA-Continued Great Falls-Cont inued Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l .. Trade................................ Service 6/ ....................... Government....................... NEBRASKA Omaha 2 / T o ta l.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contract construction. Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l .. Trade................................. Finance............................ Service 1 / ....................... Government....................... Jan. Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 2.0 42.3 4 .0 14.0 7.5 4 .0 13.9 2.0 6 .1 7.6 Area Employment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, for selected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division NEW YORK-Continued Buffalo Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Service 1 / ............. Government............. Ilalra 2/ Total.................. Other nonmanufacturing.. Nassau and Suffolk Counties 7/ Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Number of employees 1956 1957 Feb. Feb. Jan. 450.4 18.5 208.5 35.7 87.3 14.1 46.5 39.9 453.1 l4.o 46.4 39.8 35.8 86.8 14.0 46.5 37.7 33.8 17.8 6.4 9.6 34.1 17.9 6.5 9.6 33.2 17.1 6.4 9.7 323.9 22.0 104.7 21.7 72.7 U.5 35.0 56.3 1 8 .1 211.2 36.2 87.5 5,432.0 5-9 195.3 1,740.5 478.6 Trans. and pub. util.... 1,151.1 443.9 779.8 636.9 205.0 324.6 22.6 ioii.4 21.6 73.3 li. 5 35.0 309.5 56.2 50.6 New Tork-Hortheas tern Nev Jersey Mining................. Contract construction... 442.3 16.5 5,451.5 6.1 199.8 1,729.1 486.5 1,177.4 441.2 778.6 632.8 26.7 98.8 21.6 66.4 11.4 34.0 5,445.6 5.8 195.8 1,778.1 481.9 1 ,16 1.9 439.5 767.6 615.0 Nev York City 7/ 3,517.8 Mining................. 1.7 Contract construction..• 104.8 938.8 Trans. and pub. util.... 324.3 804.6 360.0 3,527.2 1.7 104.4 930.3 329.0 824.2 357.3 581.3 402.2 580.8 399.4 220.5 8.2 112.4 Trans, and pub. util.... 9.9 39.9 7.3 23.5 19.3 See footnotes at end of tal>le. 221.5 Rochester 2/ Total.................. Contract construction... 423766 0 - 57-5 8.4 113.1 10.0 4o.l 7.2 23.4 19.3 3,563.9 1.8 101.6 983.3 328.7 822*3 358.0 576.7 391-4 217.9 8.1 112.8 9.7 38.8 6.9 22.8 18.8 Area and Industry division Syracuse 2j Total............ .. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 1 / ........... Government........... Ptica-Roae 2/ Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service J / ........... Government........... Westchester County jJ Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance....... ...... Service !/••••....... Government........... Number of employees -Ì23Z______ igL Feb. Jan. Feb. 149*0 5.9 6 1.6 11.1 32.2 6.9 149.5 5.3 63.1 11.1 31.9 6.8 16.8 16.8 14.5 14.5 100.3 2.4 45.0 5.4 100.1 2.4 44.7 5.4 15.8 1 6 .1 3.3 8.3 20.1 3.3 8.2 20.0 i4a.i 5.0 58.4 10.9 30.5 6.4 16.4 14.5 96.2 2*3 45.8 5.4 15.4 3.2 8.3 18.9 187.0 191.2 14.5 51.9 14.9 40.0 10.4 30.3 25 .0 15.0 52.2 14.7 43.3 95.7 7.9 23.3 10.6 28.8 6.6 11.2 7.3 95.9 8.4 23.2 10.6 28.8 6.5 11.1 7.3 Greensboro-High Point Manufacturing....... 43.5 43.6 43.4 Winston-Salem Manufacturing. 35.4 35.6 33.9 21.0 1.5 2.0 2.2 7.7 1.5 3.1 3.1 21.6 1.7 2.1 2.2 7.9 1.5 3®1 3.1 20.5 1.3 2.0 2.3 7.4 1.5 3.0 3.0 WORTH CAROLINA Charlotte Total................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Finance.............. « Service 1/............ Government............ NORTH DAKOTA Fargo Total......... ...... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade...... ......... Finance.............. Service y ........... Government........... 10.6 30.5 24.9 183.7 14.3 50.8 13.5 42.1 9.8 29.4 23.8 93.1 8.5 22.9 9.7 28.2 6.2 10 .7 6.9 Arca [mployment Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and Industry d iv isio n OHIO Akron 2/ Manufacturing* Canton 2 ] Manufacturing• Cincinnati 2/ Manufacturing• ( In thousands) Number of employees Area and Industry is s i . d iv is io n Feb. Feb. FENKSYXVAHIA Allentown-BcthlehemEaston Manufacturing............ 1&B-. 92.5 62.9 164.4 92.7 63.4 164.9 91.8 63.5 162.4 Erie Manufacturing. Harrisburg Total.............................. Mining............................ Contract construction. Manufacturing.•••••••• Trans, and pub. u t i l . . Trade............................. Finance................••••• Service...................... Government. Number of employees J2ZL Jan« Feb. 100.1 98.8 100.9 44.8 4 5 .1 42.4 139.3 139.3 39.6 .4 6.7 35.5 14.4 24.5 5.9 12.5 39.4 135.7 .4 6.1 34.4 14.5 23.2 5.8 12.2 39.1 .4 6.9 35.8 13.9 24.3 5.9 12.5 Cleveland 2/ Manufacturing• 317*0 316.9 319.4 Columbus 2/ Manufacturing. 76.6 77.2 76.7 Dayton 2 j Manufacturing• 102.1 103.1 105.5 Toledo 2/ Manufacturing« 64.6 65.2 6 1.6 Lancaster Manufacturing. 44.7 44.9 46.0 Youngstown 2/ Manufacturing. U7.0 117.8 113.1 Philadelphia Manufacturing. 551.3 551.7 547.7 826.8 796.9 19.0 1 8 .1 OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City Total................................ Mining.......................... . Contract construction.• Manufacturing........... . . . Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . T ra d e ......................... F in a n c e .......... . . . . . . Service........... ............... Government............. Tulsa To ta l.. Mining. Contract construction. Manufacturing.•••••••• Trans, and pub. u t i l . . Trade..........•••••••••• Finance.......................... Service........•••••......... Government.. . . . . . . . . . . OREGON Portland To ta l... Contract construction.. Manufacturing................ Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . Trade................. ............ Finance....................... . Service Government......... 143.4 8.1 9*4 10.8 37*5 8.2 143.5 8.1 9.3 16.4 10.9 37.7 8.1 17 .3 1 7 .3 16.3 16 .5 1 1 .1 37.7 8.0 1 7 .4 42.1 340.3 70.3 158.5 39.5 324.9 7 1 .2 153 .2 27.1 95.1 74.4 26.8 91.4 7 1.8 35.9 35.9 34.2 Reading gj Manufacturing. 51.8 52.5 53.0 131.8 13.1 9.2 34.0 14.1 30.4 6.2 132.3 13.1 129 .7 Scranton Manufacturing. 32.3 31.8 32.2 14.1 30.6 6.2 35.4 13.2 30.8 6.1 Wilkes-Barre—»Hazletong/ Manufacturing............. 4o.l 39.4 40.5 16 .7 1 6 .7 8 .0 York Manufacturing. 44.6 44.8 45.3 w 8.0 245.7 12.5 58.0 29.2 65.6 13.1 32.8 34.5 See footnotes at end of table. 20 i4a.5 7.9 9.7 Pittsburgh Total................................ 826.1 M ining.•••••••••••••••• 19 .2 Contract construction.. 44.1 Manufacturing.••••••••• 339.9 Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . 70.4 Trade............................... 154 .9 Finance........................... 27 .I Service........................... 95.7 Government.............. . 74.8 a 2^7.0 12.4 58.4 29.4 66.7 12.9 32.7 34.5 13.2 240.2 11.7 58.7 29.I 62.9 12.8 32.4 32.6 RHODE ISLAND Providence Total................... ........... Contract construction.. Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t il .., Trade............... ............. . F in a n c e ................. Service \f..................... . Gover nment..................... 289.5 13.1 142.8 13.8 5 2 .1 12.0 as. 3 29.4 Arca Fmployment Tabi* A-7: Employ««* in nonagricultural establishments, for selected ar«a>, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Government............. Greenville SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls 2/ Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Government............. TENNESSEE Chattanooga Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Knoxville Total.................. Contract construction.•. Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance....... ........ Nuaber of employees 1 957 1956 Feb. Jan. Feb. 56.4 10.1 5.8 13.4 2.1 5.0 13 .5 2.1 5*0 53.8 3.4 10.1 4.3 12.8 2.1 4.9 16 .5 16.6 16.2 30.6 30.8 31.1 3.6 22.4 l.Q 4.8 2.1 7.8 1.5 3.3 2.0 55.2 3.6 ?• 9 4.7 22.5 1.0 4.8 2.1 7.7 3.4 2.0 .1 3.3 43.1 5.6 .1 3*0 43.3 5.6 1 7 .2 1 7 .2 4.3 9.0 8.4 4.3 9.0 8.4 94.3 .1 3.6 45.9 5.5 17.8 4.0 9.2 8.4 116 .3 1 1 7 .5 115.3 90.9 2.2 6.9 43.3 7.7 25.8 90.8 2.3 7.2 43.8 7.6 26.3 2 .7 2.7 11.4 11.4 16 .5 16.3 185.0 185.0 Memphis Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Service................ 23.4 1.2 5.2 2.2 8.1 1.4 3.2 2.0 .2 7.5 45.8 I6 .7 54.7 8.1 23.9 26.3 .3 7.4 45.2 16.5 55.4 8.1 23.9 28.4 2.1 6.1 44.1 7.7 25.3 2.6 11.4 16 .I 184.9 .3 8.8 45.8 16.3 54.3 8.0 24.3 27.5 Number of employees 1957 1 195¿ Jan. Feb. Area and Industry division Nashville 2/ Total...... Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... 135.0 .3 6.0 37.8 12.5 30.9 8.9 20.5 18.3 134.5 .3 6.0 37.4 12.4 30.9 133.2 .3 6.1 38.5 20.4 18.3 1 9 .7 1 8 .1 UTAH Salt Lake City Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... 117*0 7.6 7.2 18.0 12.7 33.9 7.2 14.8 15.6 117.5 7.6 7.0 112.3 7.5 7.1 17.4 12.2 31.9 7.1 14.0 1 5 .1 16.6 16.7 4.4 1.4 4.5 3.2 3.3 16.0 4.3 1.3 4.4 3.2 3.4 12.7 8.1 .6 1.5 1.1 1.6 12.9 8.3 .6 1.5 1.0 1.6 12.9 156.8 157.0 .2 12.4 15.3 17.2 43.3 5.6 150.4 .2 9.8 15.6 I7 .7 39.5 5.5 16.6 16.0 16 1.5 155.2 VERMONT Burlington Total................. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................ Service............... Other nonmanufacturing. Springfield Total................. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Service............ Other nonmanufacturing. Norfolk-Portsmouth 2/ Total. Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance........ ..... Service.............. Government........... Richmond Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. .2 12.6 15.4 17 .0 43.0 5.7 16.7 46.2 1 6 1.2 .3 11.3 40.0 15.9 18 .2 12.7 34.2 7.4 14.8 15.6 46.4 .3 11.3 4o.2 1 5 .9 12 .5 29.8 8.4 3.8 1.4 4.4 3.0 3.5 8.4 .6 1.5 1.0 1.5 46.1 .3 11.0 38.8 1 5 .7 See footnotes at end of table. 21 Area Employment Table A -7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division VIRGINIA-Coutinued Richmond-Continued Trade.................. Finance................ Government............. Number of employees 1956 19eYT ______ Feb. Jan. Feb* Charleston 2/-Continued 40.8 12.9 18.1 21.9 41.3 12.9 17.9 21.7 38.6 12.6 17.4 20.8 WASHINGTON Seattle Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 311.9 14.0 97.5 2 7 .O 73.0 18.3 310.3 14.2 94.7 27 .I 74.0 18.3 36.8 36.8 72.2 17.8 36.2 44.7 72.2 74.4 3.5 14.5 8.5 72.2 3.1 Trans. and pub. util.... 13.8 8.2 20.5 3.6 21.2 3.7 11.9 1 1 .8 1 1 .2 1 1 .1 73.0 3.4 73.0 3.6 15 .9 6.6 16.5 15.7 3.0 8.5 19.1 6.7 16.6 3.0 8.5 18.9 2.9 14.3 Government......... . Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 73.2 3.5 1 7 .O 92.3 10.0 4.7 25.7 10.0 19.1 92.6 10.0 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Government............. Racine Contract construction... Trans. and pub. util.... 6.8 16.2 2.8 8.3 89.4 10.0 4.9 3.3 25.8 25.2 9.9 9-9 19.2 18.6 Includes government. Includes mining and government. Not available. Includes mining and finance. j J subarea of Nev York-Northeastern Nev Jersey. UL0.9 5.9 4.8 52 .I 9.1 111.0 5.9 4.4 52.5 9.1 II3.9 18.8 19.0 19.0 3.1 3.1 2.9 10 .1 1 0 .1 10.0 7.1 7.1 7.2 431 .O 430.9 418.3 20.2 20.0 1 9 1 .1 27.6 3.2 9.3 10 .1 6.0 4.4 54.8 9.7 20.4 194.2 27.5 194.4 27.8 46.9 34.1 82.9 19.4 44.0 33.2 41.8 41.5 42.8 1.8 22.0 1.8 2 1.9 23.9 20.3 47.3 34.4 1.7 7.2 .9 4.5 3.6 87.5 20.0 1.7 7.3 .8 1.8 1.8 7.1 .8 4.5 3.6 4.1 3.4 3.3 1.1 1.7 1.8 4.0 .5 2.1 3.3 1.1 1.7 1.7 3.6 .5 1.9 18.6 1/ Includes mining. 22 3.2 9.2 10.4 86.9 Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... 2/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 2/ 4/ 5/ 6/ 3.2 9.3 10.4 WISCONSIN Milwaukee 8.2 20.5 3.9 11.5 10.9 Number of employees 1956 1957 Feb. Jan. Feb. Wheeling-Steubenvllle WYOMING Casper WEST VIRGINIA Charleston 2/ Trans, and pub. util.... 12.4 81.6 26.4 45.2 Contract construction... Contract construction... 29I .3 45.3 Spokane Tacoma Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Area and industry division 3.0 1.2 1.8 1.8 3.9 .5 2.1 Labor Turnover Table B-lt Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by class of turnover (Par 100 employees) Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr* 1950, 1951, 1952. 1953 1954. 1955. 1956, 1957, 3.6 5.2 4.4 4.4 3.6 4.6 3.9 4.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 4.5 3-9 4.2 2.5 3-2 3.1 3-5 4.5 3.7 4.3 2.4 3.5 3.3 2.8 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954 1955, 1956, 1957, 3.1 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 2.9 3.6 3.3 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.5 2.5 3.6 3.0 2.9 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.0 3-5 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954 1955, 1956, 1957, 1.1 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 0.2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953. 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, Miy June Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 4.5 5.9 4.3 5.7 4.3 5.6 4.0 5.2 4.4 5.2 3-3 4.0 3.9 4.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.3 4.5 3.8 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.6 2-2 3.3 2.5 2.5 3.0 4.2 5-3 4.6 4.8 4.3 4.7 4.2 4.5 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.8"^ 4.3 3.5 Annual aver Year age 3*8 3-4 accèsïslon 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.1 5.1 2.9 3.4 4-3 4.2 3.3 4.6 4.1 4.3 3.8 3.1 3.4 Totiil 3.1 4.8 3.9 4.4 3*3 3.2 3.7 sepa3•ation 3.0 2.9 4.4 4.3 5.0 3.9 4.2 4.3 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 4.0 3.9 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.2 3-9 4.4 4.4 1.2 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.3 2.7 2.2 2.7 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.8 2.2 2.7 1.0 1.5 1.6 £uit 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.6 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.5 1.1 1.6 1.5 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 1.4 2.2 2.2 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.1 1.8 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.1 1.2 1.8 1-7 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.1 .9 1.1 1.0 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 1.1 1.6 1.6 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 0.2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 .3 .2 0.2 •3 .3 .4 .2 .2 .3 0.2 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 0.3 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 Dischaa*se 0.3 0.3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .2 .2 •3 .3 .2 .3 0.4 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 Ò74 .3 .4 .4 .2 •3 .3 0.4 .4 .4 .4 .2 3 .3 0.3 .3 .4 .3 .2 •3 .3 0.3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 0.3 .3 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1.7 1.0 1.4 .9 2.8 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.7 .8 1.3 .8 2.2 1.1 1.8 1.4 1.4 .8 1.1 .8 2.3 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.3 .9 2.4 1.2 1,4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.9 1.1 1.6 0.6 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.2 0.7 1.3 .7 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.4 .7 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.7 .7 2.3 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.9 1.2 1.5 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 0 .1 0.1 .6 .4 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 o.l .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 0.1 .5 .3 .3 Miscellaneo!is. ine]Luding ailitar.'iT 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 0.4 .4 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 0.3 .4 .3 .3 .1 .2 .2 0.3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 0.2 .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 2.8 .7 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 .3 2.8 3.6 3.1 2.8 TotiCL 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 July Layofj * 0.9 1.0 1.1 .9 1.7 1.2 l.J 0.6 1.3 2.2 1.1 1.6 1.3 1.2 1 6.6 2.2 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.0 3.7 3.4 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.4 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.5 3.3 3.5 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 4.2 3.0 3 .1 2 .1 23 Labor Turnovtr T a b le B-2: M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected in d u strie s -----Industry MANUFACTURING ............................ "1 (Per 100 employees) Total Separation rate accession Misc., incl. Total Quit Discharge Layoff military rate F e b . Jan. Feb. Jan. F e b . Jan. F e b . Jan. F e b . Jan. F e b . Jan. 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 2.8 3.2 3.0 3.3 1.2 0.2 0.2 1.4 1.5 0.2 1.3 0.3 ¿ O O D S ......................................................... 2.9 2.5 3A 3.0 3.1 2.7 3.3 3.4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 .2 .2 .3 .2 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.5 .3 .2 .3 .2 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............... 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.7 1.1 1.2 .2 .2 1.7 2.0 .2 .3 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS....... ...... 2.7 1.8 1.5 2.5 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.8 3.5 4.3 2.1 3.0 4.6 4.4 3.2 3.4 1.0 .6 .9 1.5 1.2 .7 1.0 1.6 .2 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .3 .4 2.1 3.2 1.0 1.1 3.0 3A 1.7 1.3 .2 .3 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 (1/) 2.2 (i/> 6.5 (1/) .4 (l/> .1 (1/) 5.8 (1/) .3 1.6 1.0 2.4 .7 2.5 1.3 4.1 .9 1.9 1.5 2.3 2.0 3.7 3.5 4.4 1.6 1.2 .8 1.7 .3 1.5 .8 2.4 .5 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 (2/) .4 .4 .3 1.1 1.9 2.2 1.8 .5 .2 .2 .2 .4 .2 .3 (£/) .6 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.3 6.0 3.0 1.5 2.2 4.2 Dyeing and finishing textiles......... 1.7 Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings... 2.0 3.4 3.0 3.0 2.5 5.9 5.5 9.0 2.4 4.9 1.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.8 3.8 2.8 2.3 3.2 1.9 2.2 3.0 3.8 3.3 4.1 3.9 5.5 4.1 2.7 4.0 4.1 3.3 2.6 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.0 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 (2/) .3 .3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 2.5 1.1 .5 1.5 .5 .9 1.5 1.8 1.2 1.9 1.7 3.6 2.0 .6 2.2 2.3 1.8 1.0 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .3 3.9 2.3 4.2 2.6 3.0 2.7 4.0 2.7 2.0 1.4 2.3 1.9 .2 .1 .2 .2 .7 .9 1.4 .4 .1 .2 .1 .3 4.0 4.4 3.2 4.5 2.1 2.5 .3 .2 .7 1.8 .1 (2/) 3.6 7.3 3.0 3.3 7-0 2.7 5.5 10.9 4.8 4.7 9.3 4.2 1.6 3.2 1.4 1.8 4-.9 1.4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 3.4 7.1 2.9 2.4 3.6 2.3 .2 .3 .2 .3 .6 .2 3.9 2.6 5.2 4.1 1.2 1.3 .3 .3 3.6 2.4 .1 .1 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES................. 3.1 3.4 Other furniture and fixtures.......... 2.3 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.5 4.2 4.9 2.9 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 1.5 1.3 1.9 2.0 2.4 1.0 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.............. 2.0 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills..... 1.2 2.5 2.2 1.2 2.5 2.3 1.4 3.1 2.7 1.8 3.7 1.0 .6 1.5 1.3 .8 1.9 .2 .1 .3 .2 .1 .3 .9 .5 1.0 .9 .6 1.4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.......... 1.6 1.6 1.1 .8 1.7 1.3 1.8 1.8 1.1 1.3 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.0 .8 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.3 .8 .9 .4 .3 1.0 .7 .8 .8 .4 .3 1.1 .7 .2 .2 .1 (2/) .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .6 .6 .4 .4 .8 .7 .4 .4 .4 .4 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 DURABLE G O O D S ................................................................ HONOURABLE Grain-mill products................... Beverages: TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................... TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.................. APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS.............................. Men's and boys' suits and coats....... Men’ s and boys' furnishings and work LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................ Logging camps and contractors......... Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated See footnotes at end of table. 24 Labor Turnover Table B-2! M o n t h ly la b o r turnover rates in selected industries-Continued (Per 100 Total accession rate Feb. Jan. 1957 1957 1.0 0.8 .6 .5 Misc., incl. military Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 .2 .2 .2 .1 .3 (2/) (2/) (2/) .7 .5 RUBBER PRODUCTS................. ....... 1.7 1.2 3.^ 1.9 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.8 2.7 1.4 4.4 3*5 2.9 1.9 3.9 3.6 1.0 .5 2.4 1.1 1.1 .6 2.0 1.3 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 1.3 .6 1.3 2.0 1.2 .4 1.4 1.8 .2 .2 .4 .2 •5 .7 .3 .3 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.. 3.^ 1.5 3.8 5.2 2.5 5.7 3.^ 3.2 3.^ 4.1 3.^ 2.0 .9 2.1 2.2 1.0 2.4 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .8 1.7 .7 1.1 1.7 1.0 •3 .4 .3 .6 .4 .6 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... 2.3 2.3 1.2 2.3 2.6 2.2 2.4 1.4 1.8 2.5 2.8 3.1 1.1 3.8 2.3 3.6 3.7 2.1 5.0 3.3 .8 .7 .4 .9 1.3 1.0 .8 .6 1.2 1.3 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 1.6 2.1 .3 2.5 .5 2.1 2.5 1.1 3.^ 1.5 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.6 2.2 2.1 2.1 .7 .8 .2 .2 .9 .8 .2 .3 1.2 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.6 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.1 1.5 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.7 1.2 2.8 3.1 2.9 2.3 .5 1.0 1.1 .7 1.0 .6 1.1 1.1 1.3 .9 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .6 .9 .7 .8 1.2 .2 1.2 1.5 1.1 .8 .3 .1 .1 .1 .2 .3 .2 .1 .2 .2 .6 1.7 1.4 1.7 .7 1.2 .3 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 1.3 3.1 2.0 3.8 1.8 5-3 2.3 4.4 .4 1.3 .8 1.6 .1 .5 .1 .5 1.1 3.3 1.0 1.9 .2 .2 .4 .4 2.5 3.^ 1.9 2.4 .8 l.l .2 .3 .7 .6 .2 .3 3.2 2.0 1.9 1.4 2.3 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.4 3.6 3-3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.^ 3.6 3.6 3.0 3.6 3.7 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.8 .3 .2 .1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.8 1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .4 4.1 2.1 5.9 8.7 2.7 1.9 3.8 2.4 1.2 .8 1.2 1.0 .3 .2 .3 .2 .9 .7 2.0 .8 .2 .2 .3 .4 5.^ 3.3 4.1 4.2 3-9 4.4 3.2 2.5 5.0 4.6 2.6 5.2 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .5 l.l .9 3.0 2.7 .8 3.0 .2 .1 .3 .3 .2 .3 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... Pottery and related products........... PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................ Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills................................. Steel foundries....................... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals: Primary smelting and refining of copper, Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals: Rolling, drawing, and alloying of Other primary metal industries: FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)............................. Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware...... Cutlery and edge tools................ Hardware............... .............. Heating apparatus (except electric) and Sanitary ware and plumbers’supplies... Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere Fabricated structural metal products.... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. employees) Separation rate Total Qtfit Discharge Layoff S e e footnotes at end of table. 25 Labor Turnover Table B-2: M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected in d u strie s-C o n tin u e d Industry MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)......................... Engines and turbines.................... Construction and mining machinery....... Metalworking machinery.................. Metalworking machinery (except machine Special-industry machinery (except metalGeneral industrial machinery............ Office and store machines and devices.... Service-industry and household machines.. Miscellaneous machinery parts........... ELECTRICAL MACHINERY........................................... (Per 100 employees) Total Separation rate accession Mise., incl. Total Discharge Quit Layoff rate military Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. 1»7 1957 1957 I 957 2.3 2.6 2 .0 1.9 1.6 2.9 2.6 4 1 2.9 2.3 1.8 P 5 2.8 1.9 2.5 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.8 2.8 2*1 3.5 1*9 2.5 2.3 2.2 3.0 2.3 2 .0 2.2 2.7 3.7 4.1 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.8 5.3 3.0 2 6 Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. 2.0 Communication equipment........... ..... ( 1 / ) Radios, phonographs, television sets, 3.9 and equipment.... .................... Telephone, telegraph, and related e quipment............................. Ci/) Electrical appliances, lamps, and miscel laneous products....................... 3.0 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT................................... 3.5 Automobiles.... ........................ 2.8 Aircraft and parts........ ............. 2 .9 Aircraft............................... 2 .9 Aircraft engines and parts............. 2.3 Aircraft propellers and parts.......... 3.1 Other aircraft parts and equipment..... 4.2 Ship and boat building and repairing.... ( 1 / ) Railroad equipment...................... Locomotives and parts.................. Railroad and street cars............... t e Other transportation equipment.......... 7.1 0.7 1.3 1957 1957 A O U«*: AU.éO! .2 .5 .2 .2 .3 .7 .4 .8 2 .0 2.1 .8 1.4 1.0 1.2 .2 ,2 #2 •7f .6 .5 .5 #2 .c0 1.0 1.2 1.2 .9 •9 1 .0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.0 .2 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.2 .3 .2 •3 .2 .2 *3 .2 .2 .2 .5 .6 .2 3.9 1.0 .8 .8 .7 1.0 .8 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 3*3 3.1 3.4 1.4 1.5 .2 .3 1.3 1.4 .2 .3 2.5 3*5 2.2 2.5 4.2 1 .1 .2 .7 .8 .2 .3 Cl/) 1.2 1.8 .2 Cl/) Ci/) .3 Ci/) 1.9 (i/) .2 3.9 *.5 5.5 1 .7 2.0 .3 .4 2.3 3.0 .1 .2 2.9 Ci/) 1.7 Ci/) 1 .1 Ci/) .2 Ci/) .2 ( I /) .3 ^5 3.9 3.6 1.5 1.4 .3 .4 1 .7 1.4 .4 .4 4.4 2.9 4.0 4.2 3.2 3.6 4.6 14.1 5.7 3.9 3.3 3.6 3.8 2.4 2.4 1.5 1.4 4.5 1 .1 .8 1.3 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 .3 1.6 1.6 1.8 .4 .7 .5 3.2 2.3 2 .1 2.0 1.7 4.9 10.2 lì 2.4 1 .1 2.5 1957 1.1 .6 .5 3.2 26 1 u n J.. .2 .3 .3 Photographic apparatus.................. C ì A Watches and clocks...................... 2.6 Professional and scientific instruments.. 2.8 See footnotes at end of table. 1957 .2 •3 1 .6 *.3 2 .7 0.2 .1 •y0 8.7 Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... 1957 0.2 .3 1.0 1.0 .9 ( I /) MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.... 1957 1.1 .9 6.6 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS................... 1957 1957 J1L•KaJ 1 .0 2.4 2.8 4.9 2.3 4.1 2.8 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 2.5 m 4 .7 2.3 8Æ 1.2 2.5 1.5 Ci/) V. 2.0 6.8 2.2 4.2 3.1 5.5 3.2 1.3 1.0 1 .1 1.4 1.3 •9 1.0 1 .5 1.6 1.0 1 .1 2 .1 2.3 •0 c. 2 .3 .6 1.2 1. •d .2 .2 .2 .1 1.5 .5 .5 .4 ( 2/ ) 1.6 .5 .6 .2 m .7 .3 .9 1.3 (i/) Ci/) Cg/) .3 .3 .2 I 1 .2 .6 1.2 .3 .2 .1 .8 ( 1/ ) a/) .3 .4 1.4 1.7 1.3 .1 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .4 Q 0 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .4 .3 .2 (£ /) 1.7 7.0 2.5 1.3 .4I, .2 .2 •3 .2 #2 #2 .6 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .3 .7 $ tó) Ci/) 1.2 .9 .2 2.8 .6 .5 5.0 .5 Ci/) .2 .2 .2 .1 2.3 1.3 3.2 1.5 .2 .2 .2 .1 3 .1 .6 .1 .2 .1 .3 •5 .1 Labor Turnover T ab le B-2: M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected in d u strie s-C o n tin u e d Industry (Per 100 employees) Se paration rate Total accession Misc., incl. Total Quit Discharge Layoff military rate Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Jan. 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 NONMANUFACTURING: METAL MINING............................ 0.2 .5 .1 •2 0.2 .7 .1 .5 0.2 .1 .3 .3 O.k .k .7 1.1 (i/i (2/) .1 .1 .2 .2 1.0 ok .5 (2/) (2/) .4 .4 .1 .1 1.6 1.7 <!/> 1.3 1.1 Wl .1 (2/) (1/) .2 .3 (1/) Mi .1 .3 2.2 2.1 k.l 1.1 .2 .9 .9 .8 1.6 1.1 1.5 .7 1.8 .9 &,l 1.7 1.7 (1/) BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING.................. COMMUNICATION: Î/ 3.0 1.6 (2/) .3 .2 3.1 .8 3.8 2.4 ANTHRACITE MINING....................... (A/) 3.2 1.0 0.3 (2/) •3 .1 1.8 .8 1.5 1.5 1.5 .7 oö 1.0 .k (iD l / l o t a v a i la b le . 2 / L e s s th a n 0 .0 % '¡J D a ta r e l a t e t o d o m e s tic e m p lo y e e s e x c e p t m e s s e n g e rs a n d th o s e c o m p e n s a te d e n t i r e l y .4 .1 o n a c o m m is s io n b a s is * -2L H o u rs and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees Industry Average weekly earnings Jo b . M . T.b. 1956 1957 1957 Average weekly hours Jan. Fab. Fab. 1956 1957 1957 Average hourly earnings Fab. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 MIHIHG: METAL MINING.......................... ♦97.06 99.71 97-90 86.86 ♦96.05 100.90 99.68 89 .tt ♦ 96.t6 95.91 99.67 86.7 t tl.3 39.1 t2.2 tO.6 41.9 40.2 42.6 41.6 42.5 40.3 44.1 *1.7 *2.35 2.55 ANTHRACITE............................ 95-96 105.55 85.58 32.1 35.9 BITUMINOUS-COAL........................ 112.51 IIO.63 103.18 38. t 101.25 10t .83 97.93 84.28 82.32 10t . 51 Other nonbuilding construction........ 101.75 93.38 107.05 83.90 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION................... GENERAL CONTRACTORS.................... Copper mining........................ Lead and zinc mining.................. 2 .5 1 ♦2.27 2.38 2.32 2.14 2.3* 2.15 2.08 33.3 2.99 2.9* 2.57 37.5 38.5 2.93 2.95 2.68 to.5 41.6 40.3 2.50 2.52 2.43 81.35 t3.0 42.0 *3.5 I .96 I .96 1.87 98.33 96.8t 36.8 3*.5 36 .O 2.84 2.85 2.69 9t.86 39.9 to.6 39.5 37.2 2.30 2 .7 1 2.55 2.28 37.* 38.7 38.8 38.7 2.55 101.73 9t.t3 86.lt 99.85 2.72 2.44 2.22 2.58 lot.96 96.9t 97.27 36.2 34.0 35.5 2.90 2 .9I 2.74 98.55 89.76 90.30 36.1 33.0 35.0 2.73 2.72 2.58 109.63 105 .t 9 115.67 2.85 2.86 96.88 35.8 37.7 33.9 39.6 3*.6 3.04 95.93 3*.7 37.8 33.2 38.8 32.3 3.06 2 .9 1 127.65 36.3 38.2 3t.O 39.t 35.1 3.06 130 . M 102.03 107.82 9t.92 122.36 3.02 116.89 3.31 2.9* 2.93 3.29 2.97 2.80 3.09 2.80 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION: Petroleum and natural-gas production NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING....... CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION ................... NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION................ SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS.............. Electrical work....................... Other special-trade contractors....... 98.9t 103.19 97.28 36.8 $2.3* 2.26 MANUFACTURING ........................... 82 A l 82.tl 78.17 tO.2 40.2 40.5 2.05 2.05 1.93 DURABLE GOODS............. ............. NONDURABLE GOODS....................... 88.75 73.10 89.16 72.9 1 8t.05 tO.9 39.3 40.9 39.2 41.0 39.8 2 .17 2.18 2.05 69.65 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............... 96.37 95.76 88.19 tl.9 42.0 41.6 2.30 2.28 2.12 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS.............. 77.99 89A 7 9t.O7 78.18 7t.t8 91.69 85.08 to . 2 t0.3 to.9 39.8 tl.6 t2.7 tl.t 38.0 28.5 39.2 t2.5 tt.O t2.6 to.i to.3 39.0 40.3 *1.3 42.1 40.1 *1.7 43.4 40.7 37.9 29.7 38.8 42.9 *3.5 *3.5 39.8 40.1 38.7 40.7 41.3 *1.7 40.9 42.8 44.5 42.6 38.4 30.9 39.6 42.4 42,.4 *3.3 *0.5 40.7 39.9 1.9* 2.22 2 .3O 2.14 1.81 1.80 I .90 1.64 1.9* 2.22 2 .3I 2.12 1.81 1.80 1.90 1.64 1.70 1.68 1.91 2.00 1.82 1.84 1.87 1.71 1.83 2 .O6 2.12 2.02 I .72 I .69 1.82 1.53 Dairy products........................ Condensed and evaporated milk........ Ice cream and ices................... Sea iood, canned and cured........... Canned fruits, vegetables, and soups.. Flour and other grain-mill products... Bread and other bakery products...... Biscuits, crackers, and pretzels..... 28 85.17 75.30 76.86 78.66 62.32 t8.t5 65.t6 81.18 87.12 77.11 7V.19 75.76 66.30 97.25 85 .OI 75 .t6 78.12 77.33 62.16 50.t9 65 .1B 8l.9t 91.00 79.17 73.23 7t.99 66.16 88.tO 82.62 73.62 75.21 77.53 58.75 50.06 61.78 75.90 78 .tt 73.61 72.09 73.0T 65 .tt 1.86 1.70 1.6 7 I .91 1.98 1.81 1.8 5 1.88 I .70 1.86 1.75 1.62 1.56 1 .7 9 1.85 1.70 1.78 1 .8 1 1.64 Table C -l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS - Continued Distilled, rectified, and blended Average weekly earnings Feb. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 $82.82 86.98 82.45 63-68 61.46 86.15 64.21 103.75 84.64 76.41 88.15 72.61 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..................... 57-22 72.54 49.01 Tobacco stemming and redrying...... . 57-72 47.50 TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.................... 58.50 Scouring and combing plants............. 65.83 Yarn and thread mills.................... 53.82 54.07 Thread mills........................ . 55.16 Broad woven fabric mills................ 56.1a Cotton silk synthetic fiber.......... 54.81 North................................ 56.63 Sout h................................ 54.71 Woolen and worsted...................... 66.65 Narrow fabrics and smallwares............ 60.55 Knitting mills........................... 53.71 Full fashioned hosiery................. 59.59 58.60 59*97 48.15 Seamless hosiery............ North................................ 51.38 South........ ..... .................. 48.01 Knit outerwear. ...................... . 55.06 Knit underwear...... .................. 49.87 Dyeing and finishing textiles........... 67.98 Dyeing and finishing textiles (except wool)................................ 67.98 Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.... 77.65 Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn.... 77.70 Hats (except cloth and millinery)....... 60.72 Miscellaneous textile goods.............. 69.43 Felt goods (except woven felts and hats )....... ............ ............ 74.74 Lace goods...... ........... ...... . 67.08 Paddings and upholstery filling........ 72.38 Processed waste and recovered fibers.... 57.40 Artificial leather, oilcloth, and other coated fabrics..... ............ 86.10 Cordage and twine..................... 60.00 $79.79 æ .78 71.23 61.70 59.67 84.67 63-99 102.18 80.59 75.81 89.44 71.97 57. *2 75.17 48.12 58.30 Vr .63 58.65 65.19 54.10 54.49 56.26 57.42 56.49 57.00 56.12 65.44 60.80 52.99 59.59 58.75 59.75 47.75 50.18 47.61 53.87 48.55 65.27 65.44 76.96 77.15 58.84 $77.36 83.44 73-68 60.25 58.51 82.78 61.86 99-04 8 1.16 70.97 83.02 67.35 50.87 61.66 46.00 53-87 40.72 57.51 66.57 52.66 53.46 52.27 56.17 55.08 58.75 54.a6 64.72 58.06 52.88 61.29 60.44 61.45 45.38 47.88 44.89 53.91 50.04 66.25 66.25 69.83 74.76 73.69 62.37 66.02 77.89 68.00 Average weekly hours Jan. Feb. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 40.6 39-9 42.5 39-8 39.** 39-7 40.9 39-3 38.3 41.3 41.0 45.1 38.4 40.3 37-7 36.3 37.* 39.0 41.4 39.0 38.9 39.4 38.9 38.6 37.5 38.8 40.5 $2.04 40.9 2.18 1.94 39** 39*9 1.60 39*8 1.56 39*8 2.17 40.7 1*57 2.64 39*3 $2.02 36.8 39** 41.5 41.1 45.2 2.21 41.2 41.6 *4.7 2.15 2.19 1.84 2.15 1 .6 1 1 .6 1 38.8 36.6 1.49 *1.3 37.3 36.9 36.7 37** 36.4 35*1 1.80 1.48 1.82 1.29 1 .2 7 1*25 1.50 1.50 1*59 1.38 1*39 1.4* 1.59 38.1 39.1 4l.O 39.2 39.2 39*9 39.6 39.5 37.5 39.8 40.9 *0.0 38.2 37*9 38.3 35*9 36.9 35.8 36.* 35.7 39.8 41.2 42.2 42.0 36.8 40.6 39.9 41.6 *1*7 36.1 40.6 56.72 64.30 52.45 92.35 59.40 86.68 57.31 42.0 40.0 71.17 65.28 39.5 *1.1 37.1 39.3 39.0 39.2 40.5 39*0 41.4 4o.l 37.3 38.2 38.3 38.2 36.2 37.5 36.1 37.2 36.4 41.2 40.4 37.9 41.6 41.9 67.68 Average hourly earninés Jan. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 36.8 40.5 42.4 40.2 *0.5 39*9 1^ ^ 4l.0 40.8 40.8 40.8 42.3 40.6 38.6 39.8 39.5 39*9 37.2 38.0 37.1 37.7 39.4 42.2 42.2 42.0 41.4 38.5 1.85 1.30 1*59 l.*2 1.51 l.*l 1.6 1 1.51 1.** 1.56 1.53 1.57 1.33 1.37 1.33 l.*8 1.37 1.65 1.92 1*57 1*53 $1*91 2.04 1.87 1-51 1.47 2 .16 2.08 2 .16 1.58 2.62 1.58 1.38 1*39 l.*l l.*5 l.*3 1.^2 l.*l 1 .6o 1.52 1 .** 1.56 1.55 1.56 1.33 1.36 1.33 1.48 1.36 1.6* 1.6* ¿ 8 1.85 1.65 1.85 1.85 1.63 1.72 1*52 2.52 2.06 1*71 2.02 1.49 1*39 1.68 1*23 1.48 1.16 1.42 1*57 1*31 1.32 1.31 1.37 £ 8 1.33 1.53 1.43 1.37 1.5* 1.53 1.5* 1.22 1.26 1.21 l.*3 1.27 1.57 1.57 1.78 1.78 1.62 1.63 40.5 1 .7 1 *2.1 37.6 *0.9 *1.* 40.0 38.4 38.5 42.3 1.85 1.77 1.7* 1.37 1.80 1.70 1.70 1.7* 1.37 1.2* **.* 39.6 44.0 39.8 2.05 1.50 1.50 2.08 1.07 L*S 1.85 1.67 Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry Average weekly earnings reb. Feb •/ Jan. 1957 1956 1957 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS................................ $5^.02 Men's and boys' suits and coats......... 63.89 Men’ s and boys 1 furnishings and work clothing............................... 46.23 Shirts, collars, and nightwear..,,...... 46.21 48.36 40.70 57.28 Women's dresses........................ 55.62 Household apparel...................... 46.85 Women's suits, coats, and skirts....... 69.56 Women's, children's under garments...... 49.71 Underwear and nightwear,’ except corsets. 47.63 Corsets and allied garments............ 52.93 Millinery............................... 68.89 Children's outerwear.................... 51.79 Miscellaneous apparel and accessories.... 50.42 Other fabricated textile products....... 55.86 Curtains, draperies, and other house48.99 furnishings............... ........... Textile bags........................... 59.64 54.58 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE).............................. Sawmills and planing mills.............. Sawmills and planing mills, general.... West...... ;......................... . Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated 68.73 68.82 69.21 47.76 86.64 74.00 72.65 76.26 Wooden boxes, other than cigar......... Miscellaneous wood products............. 55.55 55.04 60.79 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES................... 68.97 Wood household furniture, except Wood household furniture, upholstered... Mattresses and bedsprings.............. Office, public-building, and professional furniture.............................. Wood office furniture................ .. Metal office furniture................. Partitions, shelving, lockers, and Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous furni- Average weekly hours Feb. Jan. Feb. 193$ 1937 1957 Average hourly earnings Feb. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 63.89 ♦51.61 62.32 36.3 36.3 33.9 36.3 37.* 38.0 $1.46 1.76 45.44 46.44 47.84 36.80 56.67 55.49 46.08 70.52 48.64 45.86 52.85 63 .OO 50.55 49.23 54.98 43.36 43.38 45.46 37-73 56.30 55.33 42.26 70.35 46.37 43.41 51.04 70.64 47.12 47.75 51.41 36.4 36.1 37.2 35.7 35.8 35.2 35.3 36.0 36.8 32.0 35.2 3*.9 36.0 3*.4 36.3 36.4 37.7 37.* 1.28 47.45 58.07 56.99 46.38 55.70 53.65 37.* 40.3 37.9 36.3 39.5 39.3 37.* 39.5 67.25 67.73 67.94 48.00 84.04 66.80 39.5 39.1 39.1 39.8 38.0 39.1 38.7 38.6 40.0 36.7 40.0 39.7 41.0 39.* 39.6 40.8 ♦53.13 73.26 72.65 74.37 55.72 55.1« 67.37 67.60 45.76 87.10 72.85 60.05 70.93 78.32 53.43 53.66 57.82 68.06 67.82 36.6 3*.l 37.1 37.5 36.5 38.7 37.8 36.8 38.0 38.2 38.5 36.8 36.4 37.* 35.0 1.27 1.30 1.14 1.6o 1.38 1.28 $1.48 $1.38 1.64 1.76 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.15 1 .6 1 1.59 1.28 1.15 1 .1 6 1.19 •96 1.33 1.32 1.13 2.01 2.04 1.3* 1.27 l.*5 1.78 1.37 1.37 l.*7 1.46 1.75 1.37 1.36 1.47 1.31 1.48 1.44 1.30 l.*7 l.*5 1.24 1.41 1.39 40.0 40.1 40.0 41.6 1.7* 1.67 1.68 38.2 2.28 1.72 1.75 1.76 1.20 2.29 39.6 39.7 40.2 39.8 39.7 *0.3 40.7 40.3 42.8 41.1 41.6 *1.3 1.85 1.83 1.86 1.41 1.39 l.*9 36.2 36.0 36.9 36.2 37.* 36.8 37.1 36.2 40.6 37.* 37.9 37.8 38.6 1 .76 1.77 1.20 2.03 1.3* 1.26 1.8 5 1.83 1.8 5 1.40 1.39 l.*9 1.26 1.17 1.41 1.7* 1.26 1.26 1.36 1.69 1.10 2.28 1.79 1.76 1.83 1.30 1.29 1.40 64.78 40.1 39.9 39.8 39.5 41.1 41.0 1.72 1.64 1.71 64.39 1.63 1.65 1.38 58.84 71.92 73.51 58.84 58.24 71.73 70.95 40.3 39.3 39.1 40.3 38.1 38.8 41.9 40.3 39.2 1.46 1.46 1.39 1.83 1.80 1.78 1.8 1 79.32 ¿7.04 87.29 78.55 79.85 74.48 42.7 44.6 42.7 1.93 1.60 1.87 1.6? 87.96 40.7 42.0 40.8 1.60 87.72 41.1 41.9 40.6 1.93 67.20 2.13 2.13 2.06 84.66 86.32 80.40 40.9 *1.3 40.0 2.07 2.09 2.01 66.19 65.40 66.91 39.* 39.* 41.3 1.68 1.66 1.62 65.44 68.58 72.94 1.88 1.88 H o u rs and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS................ Paperboard containers and boxes......... Fiber cans, tubes, and drums............ PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES.............................. Bookbinding and related industries...... Miscellaneous publishing and printing CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............ Average weekly earnings Feb. Feb. Jan. 19*57 1056 1957 $84.80 $84.38 $79.85 92.87 93.07 87.32 76.67 72.75 77*27 77-04 76.45 72.3* 81.00 71.*5 9*. 85 93.84 91.87 98.56 99.60 97.86 96.30 92.50 84.59 94.64 95.11 82.74 65.15 64.56 111.44 39.9 39.1 38.2 39.0 2.49 2.12 2.36 2.42 1.71 1.87 2.45 2.78 2.41 2.10 2.35 2.41 1.69 1.87 35.8 39.7 40.2 40.0 39.* 2.47 2.80 2.38 2.69 2.33 2.05 2.28 38.4 39.8 2.85 2.84 2.78 88.78 88.58 89.24 IOI .57 40.5 41.0 41.8 41.2 40.5 41.2 40.8 * 1.3 41.1 40.9 40.9 *1.7 41.8 39.9 39.6 41.0 2.15 2.37 2.33 2.30 2 .31 2.58 1.9 7 2.05 96.56 106.30 41.1 40.8 40.6 40.8 41.8 40.7 40.2 41.1 40.9 2.16 96.93 9^.37 9*-30 84.67 93.71 91.62 89.57 41.2 96.70 41.1 41.0 41.0 *1.3 *1.5 41.2 41.2 40.9 41.8 2.26 41.0 42.4 41.8 41.0 43.4 *2.3 41.2 *3.2 42.0 * 5.3 77.01 91.24 79-79 91.05 81.80 81.60 77.90 92.89 93.3* 88.17 88.15 102.92 88.17 85.69 85.69 85.28 101.68 76.32 68.97 75.21 77.25 70.22 75.2* 68.10 69.60 82.76 94.89 82.40 73.01 65.52 83.14 80.20 76.36 64.18 Coke, other petroleum and coal products.. 106.45 110.68 93.38 RUBBER PRODUCTS.......................... Tires and inner tubes................... 90.98 106.04 85.81 72.10 80.78 91.84 107.64 71.76 81.39 58.83 58.14 75.65 75.70 75.65 78.63 55-77 55.71 57.67 56.50 56.77 88.62 99.72 103.68 87.56 97-71 7*-7* 77-95 7*. 19 74.26 5*-7* 55.98 2.37 2.33 2 .31 2.32 2.56 1.99 2.22 2.00 2.14 2.09 2.08 1.78 1.66 40.4 38.2 42.2 40.8 40.7 *1.3 41.1 *1.3 40.6 40.7 40.5 *1.3 2.56 2.65 2.27 2.59 2.68 2.30 40.8 41.1 39.* 40.8 41.0 41.4 39.0 40.9 4o.i 39> 40.4 40.6 2.23 2.24 2.58 1.83 2.60 38.2 38.0 39.* 40.7 38.7 38.1 39.* *2.5 39.5 40.1 40.8 39.1 39.7 1.5* 1.92 1.86 1.46 l.*9 38.2 37.9 1.98 2.28 2.26 2.48 2.14 40.8 39.2 *2.3 45.6 1.57 1.81 2.21 2.00 2.48 2.15 1.80 2.32 2.24 2.19 2.14 2.43 1.93 2.09 1.90 45.6 * * .7 43.6 84.86 81.19 67.42 40.9 46.4 44.2 40.1 38.5 42.0 *5.1 86.33 38.8 38.2 1.65 1.69 1.51 1.98 1.99 1.72 2.24 71.57 64.75 104.45 107.86 93.75 38.6 39.1 91.20 9^-75 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............. Leather: tanned, curried, and finished... Industrial leather belting and packing... Boot and shoe cut stock and findings.... 38.3 35.2 39.7 39.* 40.1 110.64 94.24 93.51 66.99 94.08 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL........... 38.4 35.2 40.0 109.06 80.00 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics.... Compressed and liquified gases......... 42.7 44.1 41.1 41.1 40.9 *1.3 73.12 7*.05 9*-25 96.98 104.19 Animal oils and fats................... 82.41 42.4 *3.9 41.0 41.1 39.3 40.7 40.1 39.3 38.1 39.6 Plastics, except synthetic rubber...... Fertilizers............................. 95.68 42.4 43-6 41.1 41.2 40.1 41.0 Average hourly earnings Feb. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 $2.00 $1.99 $1.87 2.12 1.98 2.13 1.88 1.87 1.77 1.86 1.76 1.87 2.02 1.99 1.91 1.83 1.83 1.73 91.41 59-97 70.59 94.60 Paints, pigments, and fillers........... Paints, varnishes, lacquers, and 78.12 74.48 Alkalies and chlorine..... ............ Soap, pleaning and polishing 78.21 75.03 Average weekly hours Feb. Feb. Jan. 1956 1957 1957 1.65 1.50 1.92 2.00 1.7* 2.24 2.32 2.05 2.00 I .69 I .56 1.58 1.42 1.86 1.89 1.68 2.10 2.45 2.56 2.12 2.14 2.48 1.84 1.99 1.85 1.92 1.53 1.92 1.46 1.85 1.46 l.VT 1.85 1.82 1.40 1.41 Jl H ou rs and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry Average weekly earnings Feb. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS - Continued Luggage................................ $ 61 .9* Handbags and small leather goods........ 53.53 Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods... *9-91 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......... Glass and glassware, pressed or blown.... Pressed and blown glass................ Glass products made of purchased glass... Structural clay products................ Brick and hollow tile.................. Floor and wall tile.................... Pottery and related products............ Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products... Concrete products...................... Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................. Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills, except electrometallurgical Electrometallurgical products.......... Gray-iron foundries.................... Malleable-iron foundries............... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals...................... Primary smelting and refining of 81.40 114.49 88.19 83.62 80.39 $ 61.88 52.50 49.28 81.00 117.29 82.59 84.44 79.76 $60.83 50.70 *6 .75 77.90 112.48 76.80 76.61 Average weekly hours Feb. Feb. Jan. 1957 1957 1956 37.7 36.7 37.5 37.5 36.5 38.5 $1.63 1 .V2 38.7 1.36 37.1 Vo. 7 *0.6 39.9 V0.2 39.6 39.5 VO. 7 39.9 39.9 39.8 VO. 3 39.5 37.9 *3.3 V3.7 39.7 V0.3 *1.3 39.9 VO.V 39.1 39.9 *1.3 39.6 39.3 39.7 V0.2 39.8 36.7 VI. 8 VI. 9 39.V Vl.O Vl .2 Vo.o 39.9 Vo.o VI. 5 Vl .2 VO. 8 Vl.5 Vo. 9 39.8 39.9 37*8 V 3.8 V3.9 V0.7 2.00 2.82 2.06 2.08 VI. 1 V 0 .6 Vl.5 VO.V V0 .8 Vo.V Vl.O Vo.o 2 .1 1 38.0 68.73 84.25 73-02 66.23 7*.*3 73-75 84.14 72.77 79.67 77-79 70.22 77.20 68.48 86.73 72.47 78.69 70.99 76.91 74.16 69.17 78.40 75.07 69.08 68.16 67.56 86.93 91.13 86.53 100.45 86.31 91.76 80.38 85.65 85.49 96.56 80.77 92.40 Vl .2 Vo. 5 Vl .6 VI. 0 98.98 101.27 95-35 Vo.V VI. 0 104.92 108.79 99.38 Vo.2 105.32 91.25 109.20 92.21 88.51 99.79 84.99 86.24 83.23 87.38 83.46 85.39 98.37 92.97 65.24 75-03 73.16 84.38 70.10 66.40 74.03 69.25 81.00 Average hourly earnings Feb. Feb. Jan. 1956 1957 1957 $1.65 1 .V0 1.35 *1.58 1.31 2.01 2 .8V 1.90 2.73 1.92 1.92 1.93 I .65 1.91 1.7V 2.07 2.09 2 .0V 1.76 2.03 1.7V 2.07 2.10 1.83 1.66 1.8 7 1.83 2.13 1.66 1.89 1.82 2.12 1.92 1 .8V 1.78 1.7V 1.83 1.91 1 .8V 1.77 1.73 1.26 1.60 1.8 1 1.7V 2.03 1.83 1.79 1.71 1.66 1.97 2.08 2.10 2.26 2.06 2.V5 2.39 1.97 2.31 Vl.l 2.V5 2.V7 2.32 VO. 9 Vo.V 2 .6 1 2.66 2 .V6 Vo. 9 V0.8 VO. 6 39.9 V0.3 V2.5 VO.V V0.6 Vl.V Vl.O Vl.l V2.8 2.62 2.67 2.26 2.18 2 .V7 2 .1 V 2.32 2.13 2 .1 V 2.31 2.25 2.12 98.18 84.26 94.16 Vo. 2 V0.2 39.9 39.0 39.9 V2 .V 9*.35 88.34 Vo.6 Vl .2 VO. 9 2.29 2.29 2.16 90.64 86.88 85.70 2.27 2.19 2 .1 V 2 .1 V 2.07 2.03 2.05 2.20 100.21 85.48 93.*3 V0.5 Vo. 7 Vl .2 vo. 9 Vo. 9 VO. 8 2.18 2 .V8 2.20 100.94 2.V5 2.09 2.29 86.28 87.35 86.40 VO. 7 Vl.V V3.2 2.12 2 .1 1 2.00 92.86 9V.71 96.ll V0.2 VI. 0 V3.1 2.31 2.31 2.23 92.17 9**53 101.47 39.9 Vl.l VV.9 2.31 2.30 2.26 95-3* Nonferrous foundries.................... 90.72 Miscellaneous primary metal industries... 102.09 109.46 97.9* 98.42 94.60 91.13 89.79 VO.V VO.5 Vl.5 V2 .1 Vl.5 V0.5 V0 .6 VO. 5 V1.9 V 3.0 Vl.5 V0.5 Vl.O V0.7 V2.6 V2 .7 V2 .7 VI. 3 2.36 2 .2V 2 .V6 2.60 2.33 2.25 2 .V6 2.19 2 .1 V 2.36 2 .V8 2.29 88.29 Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals...................... Rolling, drawing and alloying of nonferrous metals...................... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of Rolling, drawing, and alloying of 32 87.10 100.54 103.07 112.66 105.90 97-53 97-20 97.78 94.16 2.36 2.V3 2.62 2.35 2 .VO 2.28 H ou rs and E Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT). Tin cans and other tinware.............. Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware....... Cutlery and edge tools................. Hardware.............................. Heat_ing apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' supplies..................... Sanitary ware and plumbers’supplies.... Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere Fabricated structural metal products.... Structural steel and ornamental metal Metal doors, sash, frames, molding, and Boiler-shop products.................. Sheet-metal work...................... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving... Vitreous-enameled products............. Stamped and pressed metal products..... Fabricated wire products................ Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. Metal shipping barrels, drums, kegs, Screw-machine products................. MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)....................... Steam engines, turbines, and water Diesel and other internal-combustion engines, not elsewhere classified..... Agricultural machinery and tractors..... Agricultural machinery (except Average weekly earnings refco .1257.. Average hourly earnings M . 1956 1957 Jan. 1957 Nk. 1956 *87.5* *86.90 92. *3 90.17 83.63 83.21 7*. 12 7*. 30 83.01 83.01 86.68 86.03 *83.02 88.38 79.37 72.69 81.99 80.00 *1 . 1 *0.9 *0.* *0.5 *0 .1 *0.6 *0.8 39.9 *0.2 *0.6 *0 .1 *0 .2 *1 . 1 *1.3 *0.7 *1.3 *1 .2 *0 .2 *2.13 83.20 8* .8s 81.99 83.76 79.20 8*.©2 *0.0 39.1 39.* 38.6 82.88 91.12 80.99 90.69 76.82 85**9 *0.* *1 .8 » .3 * 90.89 8*.87 86.05 91.78 92.18 88.32 70.7» 9i .62 t &m 81.00 90.31 86.07 91.56 91.12 88.32 70.07 91.62 78.80 82.22 89.67 83*8* 86.U 85*91 85.07 66. 08 87.53 72.13 79.32 86. *3 Stf.76 95.30 91.58 90.08 97.06 95.9* 90.72 89.66 9**89 9B.*7 Jan. 1957 M . 1096 2.07 1.83 2.07 2. 1 * |2.13 2.26 2.07 1.83 2.07 2. 1 * $2.02 2. 1 * 1.95 1.76 1.99 1.99 39.8 *0.2 2.06 2.17 2.08 2.17 1.99 2.09 39.7 *1 .6 39.6 *1.3 2.05 2.18 2. 0* 2.18 1.9* 2.07 *1.9 *1.5 *1 .2 2. 1Ô 2.19 2.06 * « .* *2 .1 *1.9 *0.7 *0.* *0.9 *0.0 *0.1 *0.6 *2.0 *1 .8 *0.7 *0.5 *0.9 39.8 *0.5 *2.1 *0.5 *1 .6 *1 .5 *0.9 39.3 *0 .9 39.2 *1.1 *3.0 2.13 2.18 2.20 2.17 1.75 2.2* 1.96 2.02 2.13 2.12 2.18 2.18 2.17 1.73 2.2* 1.96 2.03 2.13 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.08 1.68 91.32 88.97 89.22 86.68 *1 .0 *2.* *3 .1 *1.3 *1.0 *2.0 *2.9 *1 . 7 *1.0 *3.1 **.0 2.36 2.33 2.16 2.09 2.35 2.3* 2.16 2.09 2.19 2.17 2.07 1.97 9*.*7 98.*7 92.** 9**50 *1 .8 *1 .2 *1.8 *1.2 *2.6 *2.0 2.27 2.39 2 .26 2.39 2.17 2.25 110.85 108.88 97*6* *2.8 *2.2 *1.2 2.59 2.58 2.37 Jan. 1957 *a.* 1957 2.26 2.1* 1.8* 1.93 2.01 9*.*2 89.50 92.97 9*.89 89.33 93.67 9 *.U 87.29 91.58 *0.7 39.6 39.9 *0.9 39.7 *0.2 *2.2 *0.6 *0.7 2.32 2.26 2.33 2.32 2.25 2.33 2.23 2.15 2.25 85.85 8**67 88.62 92.*5 39.2 *1.7 39.2 *2.0 *0.5 *3.2 2 .19 2.23 2.16 2.22 2.0* 2.1* 93.53 90.10 107.62 105.79 *1.* *2.* **.7 **.6 *1.9 *2.1 **.5 **.7 *3.5 *2.5 *5.6 *6.* 2.23 2.2* 2.1*8 2.39 2.23 2.20 2. *7 2.39 2.15 2.12 2.36 2.28 99.90 113.13 *2.5 *5.8 *2.3 *5.* * * .* *5.8 2.35 2.59 2. 3* 2.57 2.25 2.*7 88.36 90.7* 75*66 92.62 101.87 *2.3 *1.3 *1.* *7.1 *3.5 *2.2 *0.9 *1.3 *7.* *3.0 *3.1 *2.8 *1.8 *5 .* **.1 2.15 2.18 1.89 2.17 2.*1 2.15 2 .17 1.90 2 .17 2.37 2.05 2.12 1.81 2.0* 2.31 Construction and mining machinery....... 92.99 93.2* Construction and mining machinery, except for oil fields................. 92.32 93.** Oil-field machinery and tools.......... 9*. 98 92.62 Metalworking machinery.................. 110.86 109.92 Machine tools......................... 106.99 106.% Metalworking machinery (except machine 99.88 98.98 Machine-tool accessories............... 118 .6a 116.68 Special-industry machinery (except metal working machinery).................... 90.95 99.73 Food-products machinery................ 90.03 88.75 Textile machinery...................... 78.25 78. *7 Paper-industries machinery............. 102.21 102.86 Printing-trades machinery and equipment. 10*.8* 101. 90L Average weekly hours 33 H ours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued xiiUUo ux jr Average weekly earnings Feb. Jan. Feb. Average weekly hours Feb. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 41.9 41.8 41.8 41.2 39.9 42.0 42.7 43.0 42.7 41.6 42.1 43.2 $2.23 $2.24 2.18 2.18 2.33 2.32 2.13 42.6 40.7 40.8 40.5 41.4 42.2 2.20 38.6 42.0 41.0 41.9 39.6 39.7 37.8 1957 1956 $93.86 91.12 96.98 87.76 87.78 95.76 $91.81 90.73 93.94 84.45 90.09 94.61 41.9 42.1 42.0 40.4 39.9 42.1 91.08 93-24 Office and store machines and devices 1J . 89.35 Computing machines and cash registers... 98.77 89.38 92.02 85.88 92.21 41.4 40.8 41.5 39.4 40.3 1957 Average hourly earnings Feb. Jan. M l* 1957 1957 1957 1956 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) • Continued General industrial machinery............ $93.44 Conveyors and conveying equipment...... Blowers, exhaust and ventilating fans... Industrial trucks, tractors, etc....... Mechanical power-transmission equipment. Mechanical stokers and industrial Service-industry and household machines.. Commercial laundry, dry-cleaning, and Reftigeirators and air-conditioning Fabricated pipe, fittings, and valves... Machine shops (job and repair)......... ELECTRICAL MACHINERY........................................ Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. Carbon and graphite products Electrical indicating, measuring, and recording instruments................. Motors, generators, and motor-generator Power and distribution transformers.... Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial controls............................. 91.78 97.86 85.65 88.18 95.15 2.38 2.22 2.18 2.03 2.14 2.19 2.16 2 .11 2.26 99.30 76.^3 86.55 84.67 79.79 87.77 92.84 78.21 86.11 79-56 86.46 80.70 88.81 39.5 39.5 40.8 39.3 41.6 41.5 1.98 2.18 2.20 1.95 1.94 2.14 89.51 91.91 90.80 9 1. 0s 87.78 92.35 87.34 88.41 93-48 86.31 92.02 88.62 39.9 41.6 41.0 41.4 42.5 * 1 .2 41.9 41.1 42.8 42.2 2.21 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.21 2.20 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.21 2.12 2 .11 2.10 91.91 93.93 40.5 41.4 40.9 41.0 42.3 2.10 83.64 82.82 78.36 40.6 40.4 40.6 2.06 2.05 1.93 88.54 77.76 88.54 76.97 84.46 75.03 40.8 40.5 40.8 40.3 41.4 4l.O 2.17 1.92 2.17 1.91 2.04 1.83 84.65 85.89 82.61 40.5 40.9 41.1 2.09 2.10 2.01 82.01 80.00 77.14 40.6 40.2 40.6 2.02 1.99 1.90 40.5 41.2 40.7 41.0 41.4 41.0 2.26 2.30 2.26 2.29 2.05 41.3 43.4 39.5 41.8 39.4 40.6 40.7 41.4 43.2 39.7 41.8 40.1 40.9 40.0 41.9 44.7 39.8 42.7 2.22 2.32 2 .11 2.22 2.04 2.31 2.26 2.03 2.04 38.2 2.16 2.16 1.97 I .89 2.04 41.7 40.5 1.91 1.97 1.91 1.96 I .85 1.92 1.76 1.90 1.75 1.78 1.69 2.30 2.31 2.21 91.02 91-53 91.96 89.01 9*.76 93.89 84.05 91.69 91.91 99.79 101.02 83.35 84.85 85.10 82.58 85.27 86.62 78.12 85.48 78.41 80.70 80.18 78.40 77.93 75.06 74.93 76.80 68.99 75.24 65.98 70.84 65.91 40.0 39.2 39.6 37.7 39.8 39.0 LOI.66 100.25 81.81 89. 5^ 81.00 89.10 66.86 86.76 97.90 77.55 44.2 40.5 40.7 39.9 39.9 43.4 40.3 40.5 39.8 39.8 44.3 40.6 39.7 40.6 41.4 Electric lamps.......................... 77-55 Radios, phonographs, television sets, Telephone, telegraph, and related Primary batteries (dry and wet)........ 67.43 X-ray and non-radio electronic tubes.... 87.38 2.19 2.20 2.28 2 .11 2.20 76.04 87.85 85.69 100.69 34 2.12 2.21 2.26 $2.15 82.58 65.77 88.18 1.93 2.18 2.22 2.02 2.20 1.69 2.19 2.37 1.93 2.18 2.24 2.08 2.01 2.20 1.68 2.18 1.97 2.12 2.20 2.15 2.15 1.80 1.91 2.08 1.62 2.13 H ours and E Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Average weekly earnings Industry Tébm Jan* M . 1956 1957 1957 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT................. *98.29 *99.25 *89.38 96.25 100.77 87.55 Motor vehicles, bodies, parts, and 99.31 101.8* 88.09 Truck and bus bodies............ ...... 80.78 82.97 81.35 Trailers (truck and automobile)........ 78.5* 80.11 83.03 Aircraft and parts...................... 98.96 99.26 92.82 Aircraft............................... 97.86 97.71 91.7* Aircraft engines and parts............. 102.38 102.82 9**55 Aircraft propellers and parts.......... 95.17 92.38 92.52 Other aircraft parts and equipment..... 98.83 iei.76 95.20 Ship and boat building and repairing.... 93*29 85.28 93.26 Shipbuilding and repairing............. 96.71 89.31 97.12 Boatbuilding and repairing............. 77*08 71.10 7*. *3 Railroad equipment...................... 99**7 99.23 9*.13 IOO.85 101.75 99.10 96.*® 97.66 90.*8 Other transportation equipment.......... 80. *0 77.38 77**2 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... Laboratory, scientific, and engineering Mechanical measuring and controlling instruments............................ Surgical, medical, ana dental instruOphthalmic goods........................ Photographic apparatus.................. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.... Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... Jewelry and findings................... Silverware and plated ware............. Musical instruments and parts........... Games, toys, dolls, and children's Sporting and athletic goods 1j ......... Pens, pencils, other office supplies.... Costume jewelry, buttons, notions....... Fabricated plastics products............ Average weekly hours ft*. Jan. 1957 1957 1956 *1.3 *1.7 39.9 *0.6 *1.3 38.4 *0.7 39.7 38.5 *2,3 *2.0 *3*2 *1.2 *2.6 *0.0 39.8 *1.0 *0.6 *1.5 *0.0 *0.* *1 .* 39.3 38.7 *2.6 *2.3 *3.2 *0.* *3.3 *0.2 *0.3 39.8 *0.5 *1.7 39.7 39.3 38.3 *0.8 *0.5 *2.0 *1.7 *2.* *1.8 *2.5 Average hourly earnings Feb. Jan. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 *2.2* *2.38 *2.38 2.** 2.28 2 .k2 2.** 2.09 2*0* 2.3* 2.33 2.37 2.31 2.*6 2.07 2.07 2.33 2.31 2.38 2.29 2.30 1.98 2.05 2.21 2.20 2.23 2.21 2.2* 2.17 *0.* *0.* *2.9 38.5 *0.3 2.32 2.33 2.*3 1.88 2.*5 2. *3 2 .*6 1.99 1.97 2.35 1.92 39.3 39.0 2.35 2.32 2.*1 1.87 2.*5 2.** 2. *6 2.29 1.76 2.33 2.31 8*.87 8*. 25 80.36 *1.0 *0.7 *1.0 2.07 2.07 1.96 98.6* 99*03 9Œ..7* *2.7 *2.5 *1.7 2.31 2.33 2.20 86.31 85.68 85.*6 83.98 82.60 81.29 *1.1 *0.8 *0.5 39.8 *1.3 *0.* 2.10 2.11 2.10 2.11 2.00 2.01 7*. 30 66.07 93.89 73.*7 72*9* 6*. 55 9*.30 71.97 70.99 6*. 53 89. W 70.13 *0.6 39.8 *1.0 39.5 *0.3 39.6 *1.0 38.9 *0.8 *1.1 *1.2 39.* 1.83 1.66 1.81 1.7* 1.57 2.17 72.9* 73.** 72.*0 72.27 68.28 82.00 81.00 67.25 69.*3 72.16 *0.3 *0.8 *0.5 *1.6 *0.* 39.5 *0.0 *0.6 *«.* *1.0 *0.5 *0.6 *2.2 *2.3 *2.0 *1.* 39.* 68.85 8*.86 81.61 67.55 63.91 72.0* 66.91 65.27 78.06 75.79 63.08 71.33 67.2* 6*.o6 78.06 7*.8* 68.1» 81.90 77*83 62.65 62.01 63.** 6*.68 62.71 72.39 73.89 38.5 *0.7 *0.8 39.8 *1.3 *0.1 39.1 38.0 *0.3 *1.0 39.3 *1.3 39.6 39.0 39.9 *1.2 *0.2 *0.9 *0.6 2.29 1.86 1.81 1.80 1.70 2.0* 2.02 1.71 1.66 1.77 1.6* 1.6* 1.89 1.89 1.63 2.30 1.85 1.81 1.78 1.69 2.00 2.00 1.72 1.66 1.77 1.6* 1.63 1.89 1.89 1.78 1.71 1.71 1.61 1.95 1.88 1.59 1.59 1.59 1.57 1.56 1.77 1.82 35 H ours ami f .u n iiv Table C-Ï: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry Average weekly earnings Jan. Feb. Feb. 1937 1957 1956 Average weekly hours Feb. Jam. Feb. 1956 1957 1957 Average hourly earnings JflÜle Feb. Teb. 1957 19*56 1957 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES: TRANSPORTATION: Local railways and bus lines........... COMMUNICATION: Switchboard operating employees ••• Line construction, installation, and (2/) $85.85 $93.08 86.86 $89.89 82.60 (2/) 42.5 42.5 43.0 42.4 (2/) 42.8 $2.02 $2.19 2.02 *2.12 1.93 7**50 60.59 73.92 60.26 71.9* 59.20 38.8 36.5 38.7 36.3 39.1 37.0 1.92 1.66 1.91 1.66 1.60 100.11 1.84 Telegraph jj/.......................... 86.94 99.88 86.32 99.33 78.21 42.6 41.8 42.5 41.7 43.0 41.6 2.35 2.08 2.35 2.07 2.31 1.88 OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES: Gas and electric utilities............. Electric light and power utilities.... Gas utilities......................... Electric light and gas utilities com bined................................ 93.07 94.12 88.32 93.07 94.12 90.25 88.37 90.64 41.0 41.1 41.4 41.1 41.2 40.7 2.27 2.29 2 .17 2.27 83.03 41.0 41.1 40.7 2.29 2.18 2.15 2.20 2.04 95.12 9*.13 90.03 41.0 40.4 41.3 2.32 2.33 2.18 WHOLESALE TRADE......................... 82.41 82.81 78.99 40.2 40.2 40.3 2.05 2.06 1.96 RETAIL TRADE (EXCEPT FATING AND DRINKING PLACES)................... ............ General merchandise stores............. Department stores and general mail order houses......................... 61.34 43.9* 61.34 *3.9* 59.29 42.58 38.1 34.6 38.1 34.6 38.5 34.9 1 .6 1 1 .6 1 1.27 1.27 1.54 1.22 48.51 49.07 48.06 34.9 34.8 63.68 63.66 61.92 36.6 48.65 78.92 46.15 44.0 34.5 36.8 43.8 34.5 35.6 37.3 43.6 34.7 1.39 1.74 1.88 1.40 1.41 1.73 1.88 1.41 1.35 1.66 1.81 1.33 41.7 41.8 41.9 41.5 41.6 41.9 1.65 1.69 1.60 WHOLESALE AMD RETAIL TRADE: Automotive and accessories dealers..... Apparel and accessories stores......... Other retail trade: Furniture and appliance stores........ 82.72 48.30 82.34 68.81 70.81 66.56 72.73 7 2 .2 1 69.55 63.52 99-75 80.23 63.82 61.61 97.51 75.62 - - - 101.46 79.*3 - - - - - - - 42.74 42.42 41.41 40.7 40.4 41.0 1.05 1.05 1 .0 1 42.48 48.51 *2.59 *9.92 40.90 47.21 39.7 38.2 39.8 38.7 40.1 38.7 1.07 1.27 1.07 1.29 1.02 98.57 9* .17 86.55 - - - - FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE: Security dealers and exchanges......... 1.74 - 1.74 - - 1.66 - - SERVICE AMD HTSCELLAHEOUS: Hotels and lodging places: Personal services: Cleaning and dyeing plants............ Motion pictures: Motion-picture production and distri- - 1.22 - 1/ New s e r ie s b e g in n in g J a n u a r y 1 9 5 7 ; n o t c o a p a r a b le w it h p r e v io u s ly p u b lis h e d d a t a . C o m p a ra b le January 19 5 7 d a t a f o r th e e a r l i e r s e r ie s nrfin* ^ mtnrm ^ r $2.21; t r o e w r it e r a - $ 8 0 .7 8 . * 2 .0 4 ; — * ftTyT ^ rf.Ty f r r r t g - * * * - * 0 - V I « 68 ; s p o r tin g a n d a t h l e t l o g o o d s -4 6 8 .1 1 . H . 6 9 . A v e ra g e w e e k ly h o u rs r e m a in e o ^ > a r a b le , 2J N o t a v a i la b le . 2 / D * t a r e la t e t o e m p lo y e e s i n s u c h o c c u p a tio n s i n th e te le p h o n e in d u s t r y a s s w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ; s e r v ic e a s s is t a n t s ; o p e r a tin g ro o m in s t r u c t o r s ; a n d p a y - e t a t ia n a t t e n d a n t s . In 1 9 5 6 s u c h e m p lo y e e s m ade up 40 p e r c e n t o f th e t o t a l n u a fc e r o f n o n s n p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s i n e s ta b lis h m e n ts r e p o r t in g h o u rs a n d e a r n in g s d a t a . 4 / & * * * r e l a t e t o e m p lo y e e s i n s u c h o c c u p a tio n s i n th e te le p h o n e in d u s t r y a s c e n t r a l o f f i c e c r a f t s m e n ; i n s t a l l a t i o n a n d e x c h a n g e r e p a i r c r a fts m e n ; l i n e , c a b le , a n d c o n d u it c r a fts m e n ; a n d la b o r e r s . I n 19 56 s u c h e m p lo y e e s m ad e u p 2 7 p e r c e n t o f th e t o t a l m u t e r o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s i n e s ta b lis h m e n ts r e p o r t in g h o a rs a n d e a r n in g s d a t a . £ / D a ta r e l a t e t o d o m e s tic ea g xL o y ees e x o e p t m e s s e n g e rs a n d th o s e c o m p e n s a te d e n t i r e l y o n a e o o n d s s io n b a s is . £ / tt> n e y p a y m e n ts o n ly ; a d d it io n a l v a lu e o f b o a r d , ro o m , u n ifo r m s , a n d t i p s , n o t in c lu d e d . & A djusted E arnings Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars Ye ar Bituminous-coal Laundries Manufacturing mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Annual average: Year and month Bituminous-coal Manufacturing Laundries mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Monthly data: 1939.... *23.86 **0.17 *23.88 **0.20 *1 7 .6* *29.70 1956 *7 8 .17 *68.21 * 103.18 *90.03 **0.90 *35.69 *2.07 2*.71 * 1.25 17.93 29.93 19*0 .... 25.20 36.36 30.86 * 9.06 18.69 29.71 Mur.«««« 78.78 68.68 102.38 89.26 *1.70 19*1.... 29.58 *7.03 52.58 35.02 50.2* 29.18 68.75 105 .*6 91.78 *2.12 36.66 78.99 20.3* 19*2.... 36.65 68.*6 106.0a 91.87 *2.5* 36.86 56 .2* 79.00 58.30 * 1.62 23.08 19*3.... *3 .1 * 31.19 107 .8a 98.79 36.96 61.28 51.27 68.18 25.95 3*.51 Jane.*.. 79.19 68.15 *2.95 19**.... *6.08 57.72 52.25 36.06 27.73 61 .95 19*5.... ** .3 9 30.20 36.21 July.... 79.00 67.52 102.16 87.32 *2. *2 36.26 69.58 52.5* 58.03 19*6.... * 3.82 68.31 102.*9 87.75 *1.90 52.32 35.87 79.79 66.59 69.73 32.71 19*7.... * 9.97 3*.25 70.16 3*.23 33.30 Sipt«••• &..*© 69.31 106.12 90.62 *2.61 36.39 19*8.... 5*.l* 52.&T 72.12 82.21 *2.61 36.20 110.38 93.78 69*85 82.22 69.80 63.28 106.79 90.65 62.16 *2.89 35*90 3*.98 3*.36 19*9.... 5*.92 53.95 8*.®5 71.23 115.33 97.7* *2 .90. 36.36 68 .*3 35**7 3*.50 1950.... 59.33 57.71 70.35 58.30 7 7.7 9 70.08 37.81 3*.06 1951.... 6* .7 1 1952.... 67.97 59.89 78.09 68.80 38.63 3*.0* 1957 82.* 1 69.72 110.63 93.60 36.03 39.69 3*.6 9 1953.... 71.69 62.67 85.31 7*.57 8a. * 1 71.86 62.60 69.*3 1 12 .5 1 9**79 *2.*8 35.79 *0.10 *0.70 ¡SS::::: 76.52 66.83 1956.... 80.19 69.01 105 .9* 91.17 *2.32 36.1*2 Table C-3: Year Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dollars Net spendable Gross average average weekly earnings weekly earnings Worker with Worker with Index 3 dependents Amount (1947-49 no dependents = 100) Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Annual average: 1939.... * 23.86 19*0 .... 25.20 ; 1 * 1 .... 29.58 19*2 .... 36.65 19*3 ............. *3.1* 19 **.... *6.08 19*5 .... ** .3 9 19*6 .... *3.82 19 *7 .... *9-97 19*8 .... 5*.l* 19*9 .... 195 0 195 1 195 2 1953 .... 195* .... 195 5 195 6 5*.92 59.33 6*.71 er .97 71.69 71.8 6 76.52 80.19 Year and month Net spendable Gross average average weekly earnings weekly earnings Index Worker with Worker with 3 dependents Amount (1947-49 no dependents = 100) Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Monthly data: *5 .1 *7.6 55.9 69.2 81.5 & T .0 83.8 82.8 9*.* 102.2 103.7 112.0 122.2 128.* 135.* 135.7 1**.5 151.* * 23.58 *39.70 * 23.62 *39.76 2*.69 *1.22 2 *.9 5 *1.65 *78 .17 78.78 28.05 **.59 29.28 *6.55 36.28 *5.58 52.05 78.99 31.77 *8.66 *1.39 55.93 Ifc y .... 79.00 36.01 38.29 50.92 **.0 6 58.59 Jtm *.... 79.19 *8.08 * 2 .7 * 55.58 36.97 37.72 *5.23 * 3.20 51.80 J U ly .... 79.00 * 2.76 **.77 *8 .2* 50.51 Aug.• • • • 79.79 *6.1* 53.17 51.72 S e p t « • . . 8i.*e *7 .* 3 *8.09 51.09 5**0* 55.66 5®.5* 59.55 63.15 66.02 *7.2* *9.70 *8.68 *9.0* 51.17 51*87 55.15 56.82 53.83 5 7.2 1 61.28 63.62 66.58 66.78 7».*5 73.38 52.88 55.65 55.21 56.05 1957 58.20 J a z u • • • • 58.17 T e h . « . * . 61.53 63.15 1 *7 .6 1 *8 .8 1*9.2 1 *9 .2 1 *9.6 *6*.** *56.23 *7 1 .7 7 *62.63 56.60 72.25 62.99 6*. 92 65.08 56.6* 72.*2 63.03 56.*0 65.09 72.*3 62.76 65.2* 56.1 * 6a. *6 72.58 66.97 67.62 67.63 69.10 55.63 56.a6 57.19 57**5 57.*1 58.56 72.*3 73.06 7*. 37 75.03 75.0* 76.5* 6 1.9 1 62.55 63.51 63.75 67.58 67.58 57.17 56.93 7*. 99 7**99 63.** 63.18 l*9.a 15».7 153.7 82.21 155.3 82.22 155.3 8*. 05 158.7 65.09 65.71 82.*1 155.6 8a.*i 155.6 63.70 6*.86 37 A djusted Earnin gs Table C-4: Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, and average weekly hours of production workers in manufacturing Year and mord h Durable goods Manufacturing Nondurable goods Average hourly earnings Average Average hourly earnings Average Average hourly earnings Av eragp Excluding overtime weekly Excluding weekly Excluding weekly Gross Gross Index Gross overt ime hours overtime hours Amount (1947-49 * 100) hours Annual average : 1941 ................. $0.729 $0.702 .805 1942. .653 .961 .89* 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. 1.019 •9^7 1.023 1/.963 1.086 1947. 1948. 1949. 54.5 62.5 69.4 73.5 40.6 42.9 44.9 45.2 $ 0.808 .947 1.059 1.117 $0.770 .881 .976 1.029 43.4 40.4 1 .1 1 1 1.156 1/1.042 1.051 1 /7*.8 81.6 1.237 1.350 1 A 01 1.198 1.310 1.367 93.0 40.4 40.1 39.2 1.292 101.7 106.1 1.410 1.469 1.250 1.366 1950. 1951. 1952. 1.465 1.59 1.67 1 .H15 40.5 40.7 40.7 1.537 I .67 1.77 1.480 19531954. 1955. 1956. 1.77 1.71 1.8 1 1.88 1.98 1.76 1.82 136.6 141.3 148.3 40.5 39.7 40.7 40.5 1.87 1.92 1.80 1.86 2.01 2.10 2.02 144.4 146.0 147.5 147.5 148.3 40.5 40.4 40.3 40.1 40.2 2.05 147.5 148.3 4o.l 40.3 40.7 40.7 40.5 41.0 2.07 1956« Feb... Mar... Apr... May... June.. 1.97 1.97 July.. Aug... Sept. . Oct..• 1.98 2.00 2.02 1.53 1.6 1 1.91 109.9 118.8 125.0 132.8 1.122 1.434 1.60 1.70 1.93 I .98 1.99 42.1 45.1 46.6 $0.640 $0.625 .723 .803 .698 46.6 44.1 40.2 .861 .904 1.015 .814 I/.858 .981 42.3 40.5 40.6 40.5 39.5 1 .1 7 1 1.278 1.325 1.133 1.241 40.1 39-6 1.292 38.8 41.2 41.6 41.5 1.378 1.337 1.43 1.49 39-7 39-5 39-6 41.3 40.2 41.4 41.1 1 .6l 1.66 1.48 1.54 .763 38.9 40.3 42.5 4 3.1 1.71 1.56 1.6 1 1.66 1 .8 1 1.75 39-5 39.0 39.8 39.6 1.75 1.70 1.73 1.74 1.75 1.76 39-8 39.6 39-2 39-1 39-2 1.77 1.75 41.0 40.9 41.1 40.8 40.8 1.80 1 .8 1 40.7 40.8 41.4 41.4 41.2 41.9 1.82 1.8 1 1.82 I .83 1.85 1.86 1.80 39-* 39.6 39-8 39-8 39-6 39*8 2.18 40.9 2.10 40.2 1957s Jan... 2.05 1.98 153.7 40.9 2 .10 Feb... 2.05 1.98 40.2 2.17 153.7 1/ 11-month average; August 1945 excluded because of VJ-day holiday period. 1.86 1.86 1 .8 1 1 .8 1 39-2 39-3 1.93 1.95 1.96 1.97 2.03 Dec..• 2.05 V O T ... 38 1.86 1.88 1.90 I .90 1.91 I .90 1.91 1.93 1.9* 1.96 1.97 149.8 150.6 152.2 153.0 2.06 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.14 2.15 2.16 2 .18 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.01 2.03 2.06 2.06 2.08 2.09 1.78 1.79 1.76 1.78 1.79 M a n -H o u r Indexes Table C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity ^ (1947-49 “ 100) Year and month TOTAL 2] 19^7: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951• 1952: 1953: 1954: 1955: 1956: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average,. Average. . Average.. 103.4 93.0 101.5 109.5 109.7 113.3 101.9 108.4 110.2 1956 : Feb.......... Mar.......... May.......... Sept........ 1957 * Jan..... Feb.......... iedr and month 1947 ? Average.. 1948: Average.. 1949: Average.. 1950: Average.. 1951J Average.. 1952: Average.. 19535 Average.. 1954: Average.. 1955: Average.. 1956 * Average.. 1956: Feb.......... Mar..... May..... 103.6 Contract Manufac Mining construct ion turing division division division 105.1 94.6 103.4 102.0 109.1 105.4 89.5 91.0 95.0 90.9 87.5 7 7 .* 80.3 82.3 107.4 106.6 108.2 108.5 110.9 106.2 82.0 103.3 104.6 92.1 1 1 1 .5 105.9 106.2 108.5 96.7 106.2 106.9 109.5 108.0 113 .0 114.0 128.1 140.0 15*.* 84.7 84.1 82.3 84.6 Furniture and fixtures 127.5 123 .1 118.9 126 .7 139 .* 80.9 80.4 8 1.8 8 1.7 IO60 5 112.9 114.5 114.9 112.2 112.2 107.0 124.1 7 6 .1 83.7 85.6 81.8 104.8 103.2 92.0 10 1.1 108.4 108.4 113.6 10 1.1 107.7 107.9 108.4 107.3 107.1 105.8 106.4 194.4 159*9 159.8 157.3 144.4 136.9 110.9 109.6 110.5 113.6 121.9 106.8 106.5 101.7 108.1 109.9 Total: Durable goods Total: Fonderai: le goods 106.1 103.1 102.1 94.7 99.2 104.1 « 9.7 102.7 1 15 .7 116.6 125.2 107.5 116 .2 116.8 99-7 98.6 99-7 93-5 97.5 97.4 99.2 108.6 113.9 94.2 110.9 110.0 no. 5 108.1 1 15 .* 84.7 90.5 86.5 119.7 121.5 90.7 95.0 91.2 88.6 83.0 79.0 117.3 116.9 94.2 94.2 366.3 359.6 73.3 73.7 107.3 114.6 116.8 119.6 Electrical machinery 111.1 102.9 83.3 80.1 83.9 87.6 92.* Transporta tion equipment 102.9 100.9 123.4 108.8 118.0 116.3 119.0 100.9 106.4 116 .0 86.0 107.6 123.7 131.2 14 7 .1 123 .1 130.8 13 9 .7 1 1 7 .* 116.3 1 17 .0 1 1 7 .2 1 1 7 .3 118 .6 1 16 .5 116 .0 13 *. 5 133 .* 139.8 138.5 1 3 7 .1 138.7 136.6 135.1 128.1 126.5 106.9 1 1 1 .9 112 .8 1 1 3 .1 115 .0 133 .* 138 .7 127.3 125.7 124.* 137.6 1*7.9 109.7 U2.8 111.1 113.3 111.4 110.2 73.8 106.7 114.3 113.7 113.1 115.0 119-9 121.6 102.3 102.8 105.1 105.3 114.0 111.4 117 .6 117.2 117.9 118 .0 112.8 112.6 99.6 102.7 96.9 93.0 368.7 355.0 371.8 373.6 371.9 380.4 115 .6 101.1 107.6 109.8 110.9 106.7 108.7 115 .2 102.7 90.3 95.0 100.3 101.7 100.4 97-6 97.5 117.5 115.6 104.9 102.6 103.* 114.3 413.2 375.6 107.0 385.8 37*.l 381.0 377.3 37*.6 116 .2 Manufacturing - Durable goods - Continued Stone, clay, Machinery Fabricated Primary metal and glass (except metal industries products electrical) products 105.4 106.7 102.8 108.3 106.6 103.8 106.6 103.9 88.0 89.4 8 5.1 93.3 104.1 106.5 94.0 102.9 111.4 115.8 116.9 115 .7 104.6 118.4 112 .1 104.3 106.6 101.2 107.6 9 1.1 107.4 290.4 625.0 798.5 509.7 97.6 96.7 9*.7 94.1 95.* 117.* 109.6 111.4 112.8 113.5 1957: Jan..... Feb.......... Manufacturing -- Durable goods Lumber and Ordnance and wood products accessories (except furniture) 114.1 113.6 117.3 121.3 114.9 114.7 118.5 142.8 146.6 146.8 145.8 l4o.4 139.9 96.3 106.1 124.5 138.0 158.6 13*.3 1*6.3 136.0 156.8 150.0 1*8.3 See footnotes at end of table. 19- M a n -H o u r Indexes Table C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity ^ Continued Year and month 19^7: Average.. 19^8 : Average.. 1949: Average.. 1950: Average.. 1951: Average.. 1952: Average.. 1953' Average.. 1954: Average.. 1955i Average.. 1956 : Average.. 1956: Feb..... May..... June.... July.... Aug..... Oct..... Nov..... Dec..... 1957: Jan..... Feb..’ --Year and month 1947 : (1947-49 - 100) Manufacturing - Durable goods-Con. Miscellaneous Food and Instruments manufacturing kindred and related product s industries products 104.6 107.5 IO3.9 104.2 103.0 100.0 91.2 96.1 89.5 97.4 95.2 IOI.3 I03.I 117 .5 95.9 122.7 IOO.5 94.7 93.7 129.9 IO9.5 98.8 115.9 90.5 91.0 104.1 117.9 122.1» 104.9 91.9 82.6 81.6 82.9 82.3 85.4 91.0 84.3 112.4 76.5 74.6 82.5 109.1 102.9 77.7 80.3 79-0 78.3 74.5 99.7 114.6 75.2 78.4 78.5 107.8 80.2 80.2 97.2 105.2 103.3 105.8 124.4 124.7 97.7 IO5.3 IO8.5 U I .7 IO8.6 IO5 .O 95.5 IO5 .7 IIO .7 101.4 93.4 88.7 97.1 96.5 122.8 122.8 97.8 98.9 82.8 80.9 83.5 125.2 Paper and allied products 114.1 115.5 115.6 115.1 116.8 110.3 112.2 112.2 111.7 111.9 116.4 117.4 118.6 117.9 117.4 118.6 111.0 112.9 114.7 114.4 116 .5 76.6 89.0 Manufacturing - Nondurable goods - Continued Chemicals Products of Printing, pub and allied petroleum lishing, and allied industries products and coal 101.4 99.0 IO3.3 102.6 IO2 .7 100.5 98.0 94.1 98.3 97.2 97.3 99.5 101.6 102.1 IO5.5 98.2 104.7 102-.7 108.1 105.4 IOO.9 104.7 103.5 95.8 108.6 107.0 9 M IO 8.6 94.1 113.1 1956: Feb..... 1957: Jan..... Feb..... 90.1 88.5 9I .5 88.6 89.2 9I .2 92.2 119.2 122.3 124.4 IO9 .O 110.4 91.5 1 1 1 .0 109.3 108.1 93.7 93.5 92.5 94.9 U5.1 116.9 105.8 106.3 108.2 108.5 107.9 108.7 94.0 96.4 97.3 94.7 94.6 93.9 112.6 113.2 108.1 108.0 92.9 93.1 116.3 99.6 101.6 98.8 104.5 105.7 89.9 100.1 96.0 90.7 89.8 78.7 83.0 80.1 IO5.3 104.2 IO3.4 IO2.9 102.7 102.6 ioe.3 95.1 105.4 109.9 105.9 1 1 1 .6 109.3 July.... Aug..... Sept.... Oct..... Nov..... IO5.9 101.0 93.1 121.6 121.2 122.6 121.5 120.8 Average.. 1948: Average.. 1949: Average.. 1950: Average.. 1951J Average.. 1952: Average.. 1953: Average.. 1954: Average.. 1955: Average.. 1956 : Average.. Apr..... May..... June.... Manufacturing -- Nondurable goods Textile-mill Apparel and other Tobacco finished textile manufactures products products 79-7 76.5 76.1 Rubber products 109.8 102.0 88.1 101.9 108.5 108.4 111.6 96.4 113.3 109.4 1X3.1 109.6 109.7 108.3 103.6 103.8 106.6 109.7 112.9 101.1 115.3 114.2 112.1 103.0 101.9 104.5 106.9 98.8 104.9 104.3 99.5 99.2 104.5 105.2 102.2 106.0 Leather and leather products 105.8 100.8 93.4 97.8 92.1 96.9 96.5 89.9 95.0 92.7 101.7 97.0 89.4 87.5 91.7 92.4 93.6 89.3 89.I 88.9 91.4 91.5 93.3 _1/ Aggregate man-hours are for the weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month and do not represent totals for the month. For mining and manufacturing industries, data refer to production and related workers. For contract construction, the data relate to construction workers. J2/ Includes only the divisions shown. 4o 115.8 114.9 State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas State and area Average weekly earnings 1956 . 1557 _____ Jan. Feb. teb. . Average hourly earnings 1956 1957 Feb. Jan. Feb. 39.1 4o.o 42.4 39.7 40.5 41.8 39.9 40.6 39-5 *1.72 ♦I .73 2 .18 83.60 *61.84 82.42 68.73 2.20 2 .0© $1.55 2 .O3 1.74 93.66 91.32 87.15 84.87 41.4 40.6 42.0 *1.7 41.9 41.2 2.23 88.51 2.18 2.23 2.19 2.06 2 .O6 ARKANSAS................. Little RockV. Little lock......... 57.17 57.02 54.00 39.7 39.6 40.6 1.44 1.44 1.33 57.08 56.80 51.99 40.2 40.0 40.3 1.42 1.42 I .29 CALIFORNIA............... 93.15 77.92 93.86 9*.79 92.39 77.53 93.31 93.66 86.77 77.03 87.05 83.82 40.6 37.6 41.2 39.* 40.4 37.8 41.1 38.8 40.3 38.9 40.8 38.4 2.30 2.07 2.29 2*05 2.27 2.41 2.16 1.98 90.24 94.49 94.9* 96.32 83.55 90.24 96.99 95.02 83.42 85.58 85.51 87.79 83.99 80.79 39.8 42.0 39.1 41.3 38.1 39.8 42.7 39.2 39.8 37.8 40.5 40.2 39.0 39.4 38.5 ALABAMA.................. $67.25 Mobile.................. 87.20 86.50 ARIZONA.................. Los Angeles-Long Beach... Sacramento.............. San BernardinoRivers ide-Ontario...... San Diego............... San Franc isco-Oakland.... 92.32 * 68.68 89.IO Average weekl:v- hour s 19pT 195é Feb. Jan. Feb. 91.36 2.04 2.28 2.41 2.13 2.18 2.11 2.13 2.25 2.13 2 .19 2.27 2.27 2.42 2.30 2.21 2.27 2.25 2.43 2.33 2.10 COLORADO................. 85.05 84.84 84.04 79.60 78.21 40.5 40.3 40.4 40.6 40.2 39.7 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.07 1.96 1.97 CONNECTICUT.............. Bridgeport.............. 85.49 89.44 93.10 84.87 82.29 86.03 41.4 42.4 43.0 40.7 41.0 40.2 40.4 42.2 42.8 42.7 42.2 40.6 41.2 42.9 2.06 2.15 2 .I6 2.01 2.00 2.15 2.05 91.58 1.95 2.01 2.03 1.95 2.06 Nev Britain............. Stamford................ DELAWARE................. 84.63 82.00 87.29 84.05 92.45 81.40 81.18 86.43 82.42 86.68 82.29 75.U 84.87 84.08 41.5 41.6 43.1 40.6 41.0 40.6 40.8 83.22 92.52 82.21 92.52 77.99 87.89 40.4 40.4 40.1 40.4 40.2 40.5 2.06 2.29 2.05 2.29 2 .17 86.33 83.16 81.77 39.6 38.5 39.5 2.18 2.16 2.07 64.79 59.76 70.76 65.25 62.96 6 1.7 1 63.99 59.04 42.8 39.9 40.9 41.6 41.8 40.9 41.3 40.5 *1.5 39.6 40.6 41.0 1.55 I .72 I .60 1.59 1.55 1.73 I .58 I .58 1.44 1.59 I .52 1.44 8 1.6 1 DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA: FLORIDA.................. 66.34 68.63 2.16 2.15 2.00 1.96 2.15 2.04 1.85 2.06 1.96 1.94 Miami.••••»*•••••**•••••• Tampa-St. Petersburg.... 65.44 66.14 GEORGIA.................. 59.13 73.28 T6.82 60.04 74.59 79.34 55.46 69.37 70.56 38.9 39.* 41.3 39.5 40.1 42.2 39.9 40.1 42.0 1.52 1.86 1.86 I .52 1.86 1.88 1.39 1.73 1.68 IDAHO.................... 80.19 87.72 79.80 39.7 43.0 40.3 2.02 2.04 1.96 ILLINOIS 1/.............. 88.95 93.21 88.77 92.99 91.16 93.02 84.61 88.07 W ) 40.7 40.8 40.4 43.0 40.9 41.0 40.5 *5> 2.18 2.27 (2/) (I/) 2.18 2.26 2.26 2 .16 2.07 87.26 40.8 41.0 (¡7) 2.15 2.09 90.03 84.24 40.5 40.6 40.4 2.22 2.22 2.09 82.80 88.03 77.22 82.80 (2/) 40.5 39.6 40.8 40.3 W,l 2 .O5 1.89 INDIANA.................. 89.82 IOWA..................... m See footnotes at end of table. 94.86 m (!/) 2.22 2.15 2.05 State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours 1957 1956 1956... _ .1957 Feb. Feb. Jan. Jan. Feb. Feb. Average hourly earnings 195b Feb. 1957 Jan. $2.09 $2.09 2.02 2.20 2.02 2.18 $1.97 1.91 2.07 1.92 1.88 2 .1 1 1.78 I .98 I .89 2.57 1.75 2.45 1.77 ■FeF. KANSAS................... $87.10 $86.98 Wichita................. 82.13 93.72 81.06 92.00 $81.41 74.54 86.10 41.7 40.7 42.7 41.6 40.2 42.1 41.4 39.0 41.6 75.22 71.95 40.0 40.9 40.0 40.3 40.3 40.4 40.7 40.0 40.3 40.8 40.5 39.7 40.9 40.8 41.8 38.7 41.5 40.9 40.9 41.8 39-7 41.7 1.48 1.71 2.04 2.03 1.91 2 .12 2.12 2.00 1.86 1.86 1.96 1.75 KENTUCKY................. 76. TO 86.10 84.76 LOUISIANA................ 78.55 New Orleans 1 / .......... 102.00 78.18 77.11 104.04 75.43 MAINE.................... MARYLAND................. MASSACHUSETTS............ 66.93 57.24 70.98 MINNESOTA................ 71.58 99.66 68.85 62.86 38.9 70.23 56.44 67.15 85.79 81.34 85.36 82.12 40.1 40.5 40.1 40.4 40.7 41.0 74.40 79-00 54.15 60.14 73.47 76.44 54.21 59-35 71.40 73-93 40.0 40.1 54.57 58.95 36.1 38.8 81.20 82.21 40.6 40.5 39-5 39.0 35.9 37.8 40.7 40.2 40.8 40.4 38.7 39-3 41.4 41.5 85-79 40.7 41.3 39-1 40.2 40.3 40.7 39-6 41.0 41.3 39.8 39.8 40.1 40.8 41.3 80.21 85.81 81.61 40.5 39.1 40.5 49-04 54.00 81.60 83.03 MICHIGAN................. 66.22 56.56 80.06 97.68 104.78 94.43 87.39 97-93 93.98 90.49 82.41 98.36 104.82 96.20 86.29 97.28 93.96 94.82 77.70 77.00 82.59 89.65 93-53 90.35 85.20 95.98 88.26 38.1 2 .1 1 1.93 2.55 1.94 1.60 1*97 1.50 1.55 2.00 1.90 1.62 1.49 1.72 1.50 1.42 1 .6 1 1.83 1.51 1.57 1.41 I .50 2.02 1.86 2.05 2.05 1.99 39-6 39-2 39.3 41.0 41.0 40.1 39-7 2.40 2.54 2.42 2.17 2.43 2.31 2.29 2.40 2.54 2.42 2.17 2.43 2.26 40.7 40.1 40.8 40.9 39-* 40.6 39-9 41.7 39.1 41.0 39-9 39-7 40.6 2.39 2.30 2.08 2.34 2.30 2.30 2.20 2 .16 2.10 2.26 2 .1 1 2.08 I .96 2 .18 2.01 40.2 40.6 1.37 1.47 1.37 1.46 1.22 39.9 39.9 40.6 39*9 40.7 40.0 I .96 2.09 2.14 1.96 2.09 1.99 2.15 2.00 85.01 88.16 85.56 84.74 54.66 61.30 53.57 MISSOURI................. Kansas City............. St. Louis............... 78.17 78.28 86.94 87.16 72.63 81.36 79-93 MONTANA.................. 85.56 84.81 90.22 38.8 38.6 41.0 2.20 2.20 2.20 NEBRASKA................. 77.98 82.26 78.33 84.51 72.50 77-50 41.2 41.4 41.0 42.0 41.0 41.5 1.90 1.91 1.99 2.01 1.77 1.87 NEVADA................... 9* > 3 93.84 83-98 38.7 38.3 36.2 2.44 2.45 2.32 65.35 64.46 60.13 63.12 58.95 41.1 39-8 40.8 39.3 41.8 40.1 1.59 1.53 1.58 1.53 1.51 Ii7 I1 .47 MISSISSIPPI.............. NEW HAMPSHIRE............ 83.56 60.89 See footnotes at end of table. 42 89.56 86.91 59.86 84.00 2.24 2.13 1.33 1.82 State and Area Hours and tarnmgs Table C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area NEW JERSEY••••••••••••••« Newark-Jersey City 3 /... Paterson 3 /......... HEW YORK................ Albany-S che ne ctady-Troy. Binghamton............. Nassau and Suffolk Counties 3/........... New York-Northeastern New York City 3/....... Utica-Rome ............ Westchester County 3f... NORTH CAROLINA.......... Greensboro-High point... NORTH DAKOTA............ Average weekly earnings 1957 1956 Feb. Jan. Feb, *85.27 86.19 85.32 86.42 84.02 86.89 85.19 87.19 82.37 88.97 88.81 88.54 83.41 81.34 91. *5 75-93 94.92 78.15 80.87 87.83 75.19 95.86 78.15 73.06 93.79 81.12 76.81 87.89 84.98 79.49 80.08 56.34 59.65 56.41 PENNSYLVANIA............ Allentown-Bethlehem- 2.16 $2.00 2 .0* 2.09 2.17 1.98 2 .0* $2.12 80.75 40.7 40.4 41.2 *0 .1 1*0.7 84.86 81.40 1*1.0 1*1.5 1*0.8 1*0 .1 1*0.8 1*0.5 2 .11* 39.3 39.6 39.9 1*0 .1 1*0.8 1*0.8 2.06 2.06 2.23 1.91 2.35 1.98 2.19 I .89 2.36 1.98 2.23 1.90 1*1 .1* 2.2 1 2 .21* 2.10 39.2 2.08 38.1 2.03 2.17 2.07 1.97 2.08 2.02 2.16 2.01 2.07 1.97 2 .0* 1.98 1.9* 2.05 1.98 1.89 1.91 l .*2 1.51 1 .** 1.33 l .*0 1.36 81.80 77-39 39.5 90.82 77.56 39.7 1*0.3 39.5 1*0 .1 39.7 1*0.6 39.6 93.53 87.00 1*2 .1* 1*1.8 81.12 76.15 87.14 77.62 74.06 83.90 39.0 37.7 1*0.3 1*0.8 1*0.2 1*0 .1 1*1.0 1*1 .1* 1*0.0 2 .16 2.09 2.17 2.08 1.98 2.17 2.08 2.01 2.08 I .96 2.09 1.82 79.06 81.60 78.33 76.58 39.0 37.8 1*0.5 1*1 . 1 1*0.1* 39.8 55.66 53.87 57.82 53.31 39.* 39.5 38.9 39.2 39.9 38.5 1*0.5 1*1.3 39.2 1.1*3 1.51 1.1*5 72.35 78.33 1*2.5 1*3.0 1*2.8 1*1 .1* 1*2.9 1*2.3 1.82 1.82 1.69 1.97 1.95 1.85 89.16 1*0.7 1*0.5 39.* 1*1.2 1*1.5 1*0.1* 1*0.8 1*0.9 39.7 1*0.3 41.3 *1.5 1*0.2 1*0.9 1*1 . 1 2.29 2 .1*1 2.29 2.17 2 .* 1 2.32 2.20 84.45 60.25 55.V4 93.20 97.46 92.83 86.84 97.44 93.65 95.81 95-40 80.65 81.25 90.84 1*0.9 104.45 108.58 89.70 9§.l4 39.5 1*0.5 38.7 1*2.0 39.1 1*0 .1 1*1 . 1 1*2.0 1*0.8 *1.9 39.7 1*0.5 80.12 80.54 76.18 72.33 84.04 *1.3 1*2.0 1*1 .8 *1.3 1*2.5 1*1.8 1*1 .1* 1*2.3 1*1 .1* 1.9* 1.95 1.80 2.16 1.80 90.29 76.50 89.03 87.13 84.62 87.25 84.52 89.81 38.1 38.1 38.0 37.9 39.1 39.0 2.22 2.30 2.23 2.30 84.75 83.20 84.84 78.31 1*0.0 1*0.1* 1*0.2 2.08 2.10 1.95 81.56 88.80 84.53 90.50 75.26 75.21 84.44 2.07 2.15 1.93 1.78 2.13 2.1*9 I .85 1.59 1.52 1.73 2 .1 * 2.16 2.00 70.72 39.5 1*1.9 39.2 39.9 1*0.0 1*0.5 1*0.0 39.5 70.62 39.1* *1 .3 1*0.1* 1*0.6 1*0.3 1*0.7 1*0.5 39.3 1.92 1.77 1.76 1.70 2 .12 2.00 2.32 75.60 85.84 87.01 88.21 81.31 97.24 9*. 31 86.28 83.08 96.83 99.21 91.14 84.80 101.34 7* *93 100.85 62.49 61.85 57.76 70.58 57.99 70.41 See footnotes at end of table. $2 .1 1 2 .11* 2.09 40.3 1*0.3 1*0.7 1*0.2 39.6 1*1.0 77.85 77.97 72.27 Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton.. York.................... Average hourly earnings 1<m ...... 1956 Feb. Jan. Feb. *0.3 1*0.2 1*0.9 1*0.1 1*0.2 83.26 77.20 84.62 87.40 98.87 92.78 OKLAHOMA................ $81.56 82.42 81.53 $ 85.03 Average weekly hours 1957 _1256_ Jan. Feb. Feb. 74.00 68.87 60.80 94.34 71A5 59.25 54.29 68.18 38.0 1*0.8 38.9 37.9 1*0.7 1*2.2 39.2 1*1 .6 1*0.1* 1*0.7 1*0.3 39.5 37.7 1*1.5 2.36 2.37 2 .1 1 2 .1 1 2.35 2.35 2.58 2.3* 2.15 2.*3 2.36 2.59 2.16 2 .1*2 2.29 2.13 2.*9 1.85 1.59 1.53 1.73 1.98 2.25 2 .0* 2.31 2.2 6 2.*2 1.81* 1.71 2.03 2.17 1.90 1.77 1.50 1 .** 1.61* State and Area Hours and tamings Table C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings .. 12S6. 1957 Feb. Jan. Feb. ... Average weekly hours 1957 1956 Feb, Jan. Feb. Average hourly earnings 1956 1957 Feb. _ Jan. Feb. $65.53 65.85 39*3 39.6 38.9 39.6 40.7 40.9 $1.71 I .70 *U68 I 069 $1 .6 1 I.6I 57.63 60.68 5*. 53 40.0 39** 40.3 38.9 4l.O 39.9 1.** I .56 l.*3 56.26 1.56 lo33 l.*l 77.76 84.10 81.38 89.09 78.05 87.40 43.0 44.6 45 .I *7-7 46.0 49.2 I.8I I .89 1.80 1.8 7 I .70 1.78 65 . U 62.12 64.55 72.39 69.46 64.43 39.7 40.0 39.2 40.1 40.1 39-7 39-5 39.5 39.9 40.6 40.6 40.6 40.9 4i.l 41.3 1.6* 1.70 1.96 1 .7 9 1.66 1.6* I .70 1 .9* 1.53 1.59 1.77 66.57 65.11 67.15 76.63 71.02 66.99 1.78 1.6 5 1.6 9 TEXAS.................... 82.39 83.20 77.00 41.4 41.6 4i.4 1.99 2.00 1.86 UTAH 1/.................. Salt Lake City 1/ ....... 87.96 84.02 88.22 85.90 80.99 39-8 40.2 40.1 41.1 39.7 39.7 2« 21 2*09 2.20 78.61 2.09 2.0* I .98 VERMONT.................. 68.42 66.02 67.63 66.42 56.46 83.16 41.4 41.3 42.2 41.2 40.7 42.4 42.6 39.6 44.3 I .65 I .60 1.98 1.6* 1.58 I .98 le *3 1.88 60.64 64.31 64.48 39.6 39-7 40.0 4o.7 39.7 39.8 I .60 1.73 1-73 I .60 1.73 1.73 85.66 38.7 39.2 38.9 37.9 38.9 39-9 39.6 38.4 38.5 38.3 2.31 2.32 2.23 2.29 2.32 2.18 38.0 2.25 2.29 2.2* 2 .I8 38.7 39.9 40.4 40.5 39*7 40.3 2.08 2 .I18 2.10 2. *7 I .98 2.38 4 l.l 39.7 40.7 40.6 40.8 40.0 41.5 39.* 40.6 41.4 41.3 40.3 42.0 39.* 2.11 2.23 2 .I6 41.3 4l.8 41.0 2.10 2.22 2.10 2.31 2.32 2.21 2.35 2.33 2.20 2.09 2.00 2.17 2.21 2.1* 39.* 39.* 39.5 40.4 39-7 40.2 2.26 2.59 2.29 2.67 2.20 2.6* RHODE ISLAND............. Providence.............. $67 .0* 67.38 $65.58 SOUTH CAROLINA........... Charleston.............. 6l.k6 57.60 SOUTH DAKOTA............. TENNESSEE................ Chattanooga............. Knoxville............... Memphis................. Springfield........ . VIRGINIA..... ........... Norfolk-Portsmouth...... Richmond................ 68.00 76.83 71.78 83.58 66.92 64.17 84.04 63.36 69.37 70.24 63.52 WASHINGTON i f ............ 89.25 Spokane 1 / .............. 89.99 92.75 85.15 90.45 92.32 9*.*7 87.97 WEST VIRGINIA............ Charleston.............. WISCONSIN................................. La Crosse............... Madison................. Milwaukee............... Racine.................. WYOMING.................. 69.20 71.10 98.95 84.84 100.03 80.50 83.3* 89.68 82.82 78.6 1 ' 95.91 84.21 84.90 79.84 86.33 87.50 88.09 85.22 87.77 93.92 97.33 96.39 92.38 88.72 87.91 Sk.TQ 88.28 85.12 89.60 89.04 90.46 87.3* 102.05 107.87 106.13 4 o .l 40.6 4 l.l 1/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 2/ Not available. 3 / Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey. ** 4 o .l 4o.O 2,38 2.39 1.56 1.56 l.*9 1.62 1.6 2 2.01 Explanatory Notes I N T R O D U C T I O N The statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, com prehensive, accurate, and detailed information for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators, labor unions, research workers, and the general public. The statistics are an integral part of the Federal statistical system, and are considered basic indica tors of the state of the Nation’ s econoujy. They are widely used in following and interpreting business developments and in making decisions in such fields as labor-management negotiations, marketing, personnel, plant location, and government policy. In addition, Government agencies use the data in this report to com pile official indexes of production, labor productivity, and national income. ESTABLISHMENT a. Collection or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the unit is included under the industry indicated by the most important product or activity. The titles and descriptions of industries presented in the Standard Industrial Classifical Manual. (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying reports from manufacturing and government establishments; the 3£42 .^dystrial Ctasj.lfifta.tiqa Code. (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from all other establishments. c. Coverage Monthly reports on employment and, for most indus tries, payroll and man-hours are obtained from approx imately 155,000 establishments. (See table below.) The table also shows the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. REPORTS: Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample 1/ The employment statistics program, which is based on establishment payroll reports, provides current data Number of Employees Division for both full- and part-time workers on payrolls of or nonagricultural establishments (see glossary for defi ments in Number in Percent industry nition, p. 7-E) during a specified period each month. sample of total samole The BLS uses two "shuttle”schedules for this program, the BLS Form 790 (for employment, payroll, and man350,000 2*5 3,100 Mining................ 735,000 hours data) and the Fonri 1219 (for labor turnover data). Contract construction.. 20,900 2U The shuttle schedule, used by BLS for more than 25 10,980,000 2*0,2*00 65 years, is designed to assist firms to report consist Transportation and ently, accurately, and with a minimum of cost. The public utilities: questionnaire provides space for the establishment to Interstate railroads. 1,128,000 report for each month of the current calendar year; in 95 this way, the employer uses the same schedule for the Other transportation 1,581,000 entire year. Hi, 600 57 and public utilities. Wholesale and retail 18 58,300 1,928,000 Under a cooperative arrangement with the BLS, Finance, insurance, and State agencies mail the forms to the establishments 693,000 12,000 31 and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the information to prepare Service and State and area series and then send the data to the BLS miscellaneous: Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use Hotels and lodging 1,200 I2*2i,000 37 in preparing the national series. Personal services: Laundries and clean b. Industrial Classification ing and dyeing 9ii,000 2,300 19 Establishments are classified into industries on the Government: basis of their principal product or activity determined Federal (Civil Service from information on annual sales volume. This informa 2,162,000 100 tion is collected each year. For manufacturing estab 2,033,000 U,Uoo Ul State and local...... lishments, a product supplement to the monthly 790 report is used. The supplement provides for reporting 1/ Some firms do not report payroll and man-hour the percentage of total sales represented by each pro information. Therefore, hours and earnings estimates duct. Information for nonmanufacturing establish may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employ ments is collected on the 790 form itself. In the ment estimates. case of an establishment making more than one product Labor turnover reports are received from approx imately 10,000 cooperating establishments in the manu facturing, mining, and communication industries (see table below)* The definition of manufacturing used in the turnover series is not as extensive as in the BLS series on employment and hours and earnings because of the exclusion of the following major industries from the labor turnover sample: printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 1943); canning and pre serving fru its, vegetables, and sea foods; women*s and misses1 outerwear; and fe rtiliz e r . Approximate size and coverage of BLS labor turnover sample Group and industry Number of Employees ÄQ+fiVl 4qVivOwaUlXou1 Number in Percent ments in of total sample sample Manufacturing................. Durable goods............ Nondurable goods.. . . ffetal mining................... Coal mining: Anthracite................... Bituminous................... Communication: Telephone..................... Telegraph..................... '¡J Does not apply. DEFINITIONS A N D 120 5 , 991*, 000 1*, 199,000 1,795,000 57,000 39 1*3 32 53 20 200 6,000 71,000 19 32 10,200 6 , 1*00 3,800 ( !/) & /) 661,000 28,000 88 65 ESTIMATING M E T H O D S : A. EMPLOYANT Definition Employment data for a ll except Federal Government establishments refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. For Federal Government establishments current data generally refer to persons who worked on, or received pay for, the last day of the month. Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave, paid holiday, or paid vacation, or who vrork during a part of the specified pay period and are un employed or on strike during the other part of the period are counted as employed. Persons are not con sidered employed who are laid o ff or are on leave with out pay, who are on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in house holds are also excluded. Government employment covers only civilian employees; Federal military personnel are shown separately, but their number is excluded from total nonagricultural employment. With respect to employment in educational institu tions (private and governmental), BLS considers regular full-time teachers to be employed during the summer vacation period whether or not they are specifically paid in those months. cultural industries, and appropriate adjustments made as indicated by the total counts or benchmarks. The comparison made for the fi r s t 3 months of 195# resulted in changes amounting to 0.8 percent of a ll nonagricultural employment. Among the eight major industry divi sions changes ranged from 0.2 to 2.3 percent, with the exception of contract construction which required an adjustment of 6.2 percent. As a result, the estimating techniques for contract construction were reviewed in detail and certain refinements have been introduced. Manufacturing industries as a whole were changed by 0.2 percent, a slightly smaller amount than necessary in 1951*. Within manufacturing, 1*3 of the 132 individual industries required no adjustment because the estimate and benchmark differed by less than 1.0 percent or less than 500 and 78 were adjusted by 1.0-1*.9 percent. One significant cause of differences between the benchmark and estimate is the change in industrial classification of individual firms, which cannot be reflected in BLS estimates until they are adjusted to new benchmarks. Other causes are sampling and response errors. The basic sources of benchmark information are the quarterly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establish ments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unem ployment insurance laws because of their small size. Benchmarks for industries wholly or partly excluded from the unemployment insurance laws are derived from a variety of other sources. The BLS estimates which are prepared for the benchmark quarter are compared with the new benchmark levels, industry by industry. Where revisions are necessary, the monthly estimates are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one. Following revision for these intermediate periods, the industry data from the most recent benchmark are projected to the current month by use of the sample trends. Under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment while the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the lev el. Estimating Ifethod The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both "a l l employees” and ”production and re lated workers" are published (manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; the fir s t step under this method is also used for indus tries for which only figures on " a l l employees” are published. The fir s t step is to compute total employment (a ll employees) in the industry for the month following the benchmark period. The all-employee total for the la st benchmark month ( e .g ., ^ferch) is multiplied by the percent change of total employment over the month for the group of establishments reporting for both March and April. Thus, i f firms in the BLS sample for an industry report 30,000 employees in I&rch and 31,200 in April, April employment is 104 percent (31,200 divided by 30,000) of March employment. I f the a ll employee benchmark in %rch is 40, 000, the all-employee total in April would be 104 percent of 40,000 or 41 , 600. Benchmark Data Employment estimates are periodically compared with complete counts of employment in the various nonagri- 2-E The second step is to compute the productionworker total for the industry. The all-employee total for the month is multiplied by the ratio of production workers to all employees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports in the monthly sample. Thus, if these firms in April report 24,960 production workers and a total of 31,200 employees, the ratio of produc tion workers to all employees would be .80 (24,960 divided by 31,200). The production-corker total in April would be 33>280 (41*600 multiplied by .80). Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward the totals for the previous month ac cording to the method described above. The number of women employees in manufacturing, published quarterly, is computed by multiplying the all-employee estimate for the industry by the ratio of women to all employees as reported in the industry sample. Employment Adjusted for Seasonal Variation Employment series for many industries reflect a regularly recurring seasonal movement which can be measured on the basis of past experience. By elimi nating that part of the change in employment which can be ascribed to usual seasonal variation, it is pos sible to clarify the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. Adjusted employment aggre gates are shown and also indexes (1947-49 = 100) de rived from these aggregates. The indexes have the additional advantage of comparing the current sea sonally adjusted employment level with average employ ment in the base period. Comparability with Other Employment Estimates Employment data published by other government and private agencies may differ ffrom BLS employment sta tistics because of differences in definition, sources of information, methods of collection, classification, and estimation. BLS monthly figures are not directly comparable, for example, with the estimates of the Census Monthly Report on the Labor Force (MiLF). Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of a small sample of households and are designed to provide information on the work status of the whole population, classified by their demographic characteristics. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains data by mail questionnaire which are based on the payroll records of business units, and prepares detailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of employment and on hours of work and earnings. Since BLS employment figures are derived from establishment payroll records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting peri od will be counted more than once in the BLS series. By definition, proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, and unpaid family workers are ex cluded from the BLS but not the MRLF series. Employment estimates compiled by the Bureau of the Census ffrom its censuses and/or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for lack of comparability are differences in indus tries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classifi cation of establishments. Similar differences exist between the BLS data and those in County Business Patterns published jointly by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. B. LABOR TURNOVER Definition nLabor turnover," as used in the BLS program, re fers to the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employment status with respect to in dividual firms during a calendar month. This movement is subdivided into two broad types: accessions (new hires and rehires) and separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. All em ployees, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers are cov ered by both the turnover movements and the employment base used in computing labor turnover rates. All groups of enroloyees— full- and part-time, permanent, and temporary— are included. Transfers from one es tablishment to another within a company are not con sidered to be turnover items. Ifethod of Computation To compute turnover rates for individual indus tries, the total number of each type of action (ac cessions, quits, etc.) reported for a calendar month by the sample establishments in each industry is first divided by the total number of employees reported by these establishments, who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of that month. The result is multiplied by 100 to obtain the turnover rate. For example, in an industry sample, the total number of employees who worked during, or received pay for, the week of January 12-18 was reported as 25,498. During the period January 1-31 a total of 284 employees in all reporting firms quit. The quit rate for the industry is: 284 x 100 = 1.1 25,498 To compute turnover rates for broader industrial categories, the rates for the component industries are weighted by the estimated employment. Separate turnover rates for men and women are pub lished quarterly for 1 month in each quarter. Only accessions, quits, and total separations are publish ed. These rates are computed in the same manner as the all-employee rates; for example, the quit rate for women is obtained from an industry sample by dividing the number of women who quit during the month by the number of women employees reported. Average monthly turnover rates for the year for all employees are computed by dividing the sum of the monthly rates by 12. Comparability with Earlier Data Labor turnover rates are available on a compara ble basis from January 1930 for manufacturing as a whole and from 1943 for two coal mining and two com munication industries. Rates for many individual in dustries and industry groups for the period prior to January 1950 are not comparable with those for the subsequent period because of a revision which in volved (1) the adoption of the Standard Industrial Classification (1945) code structure for manufactur ing industries, and (2) the introduction of weighting 3-E in the computation of industry-group rates. Comparability with Employment Series Month-to-month changes in total employment in man ufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable with the changes shown in the Bureaufs employment series for the following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar-month; the em ployment reports, for the n»st part, refer to a 1-week pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. (2) The turnover sample excludes certain in dustries (see under coverage, p. 2-E). (3) Plants on strike are not included in the turnover computations beginning with the month the strike starts through the month the workers return; the influence of such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. C. HOURS AND EARNINGS Definitions of production workers, nonsupervisory employees, payrolls, and man-hours from which hours and earnings data are derived are included in the glossary, page 7-E. Methods used to compute hours and earnings averages are described in summary of methods for computing national statistics, page 6-E. Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings Average hourly earnings for manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are on a "gross”basis, i.e., they reflect not only changes in basic hourly and in centive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive basis. Employment shifts between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers1 earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings refer to the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipu lated for a given unit of work or time. However, the average earnings series does not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer, since the following are excluded: irregular bonuses, ret roactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the productionworker or nonsupervisory-exrrployee definitions. Gross average weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of the workweek, parttime work, stoppages for varying causes, labor turn over, and absenteeism. Average Weekly Hours The workweek information relates to average hours worked or paid for, and is somewhat different from standard or scheduled hours. Normally, such factors 4-E as absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishments« Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Average Overtime Hours The overtime hours represent that portion of the gross average weekly hours which were in excess of reg ular hours and for which premium payments were made. If an employee works on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. Since overtime hours are premium hours by defini tion, the gross weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for example, premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse trends on the industrygroup level may also be caused by a marked change in gross hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and cur rent months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on gross hours. Gross, Average. WeekLy Earnings in Current and 194,7.^42. Dp H ar s These series indicate changes in the level of weekly earnings before and after adjustment for changes in purchasing power as determined from the BLS Consumer Price Index. Net Spendable Average Weekly Earnings Net spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting Federal social se curity and income taxes from gross weekly earnings. The amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by the worker, as well as on the level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, net spendable earnings have been computed for two types of income receivers: (l) a worker with no dependents; and (2) a worker with three depend ents. The computations of net spendable earnings for both the factory worker with no dependents and the factory worker with three dependents are based upon the gross average weekly earnings for all production workers in manufacturing industries without regard to marital status, family composition, and total family income. Net spendable weekly earnings in 1947-49 dollars represent an approximate measure of changes in "real11 net spendable weekly earnings. "Real" earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into the spendable earnings average for the current month. The resulting level of spendable earnings ex pressed in 1947-49 dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since that base period. Average Hourly Earnings, Excluding Overtime, of Production Workers in hfanufacturlng Industries These data are based on the application of adjust ment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as de scribed in the Monthly Labor Review. May 1950, pp. 537540; reprint available, Serial No. R. 2020). This method eliminates only the earnings due to overtiirje paid for at one and one-half times the straight-time rates after 40 hours a week. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premiiim-payment provisions— for example, holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours The indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours are pre pared by dividing the current month’ s aggregate by the monthly average for the 1947-49 period. These aggre gates represent the product of average weekly hours and employment. The aggregate man-hours are defined as total manhours for which pay was received by full- and parttime production or construction workers, including hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. The man-hours are for 1 week of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, and may not be typical of the entire month. Railroad Hours and Earnings The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based upon month ly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Inter state Commerce Commission and relate to all employees who received pay during the month, except executives, NOTE; of the officials, and staff assistants (ICC Group I). Gross average hourly earnings sire computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by Average hourly earnings. Because hours and earnings data for manufacturing and other nonraanufacturing industries are based upon reports to the BLS which generally represent 1 weekly pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month, the data for railroad employees are not strictly comparable with other industry information shown in this publication. STATISTICS F O R STATES hours, A R E A S State and area employment, hours, and earnings statistics are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with the BLS. These sta tistics are based on the same establishment reports used by the BLS for preparing national estimates. State enployment series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance agencies and the Bureau of CQLd Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the official IT. S. totals prepared by the BLS. Additional industry detail may be obtainable from the cooperating State agencies listed on the inside back cover of this report. Additional information concerning the preparation employment, A N D earnings, and labor turnover series-- concepts and scope, survey methods, and reliability and limitations-- is contained in technical notes for each of these series, available from BLS free of charge. For all of this information as well as similar material for other BLS statistics, see Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statis tical Series, BLS Bull. 1168, December 19$h . Copies are on file in many public and university libraries, or may be ord ered from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. at 65 cents each. S U M M A R Y O F M E T H O D S FO R E M P L O Y M E N T , Item C O M P U T I N G H O U R S , A N D N A T I O N A L STATISTICS E A R N I N G S Total nonagriculturai divisions, major groups, and groups Individual manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries M O N T H L Y D A T A All emolovees All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of allemployees in current month to a ll employees in previous month for sample establishments which re ported for both months. Sum of all-employee estimates for component industries. Production workers A3.1-employee estimate for current month multiplied by ratio of pro duction workers to a ll employees in sample establishments for cur rent month. Sum of production-worker estimates for component industries. Average weekly hours Total production or nonsupervisory man-hours divided by number of pro duction or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by employment, of the average weekly hours for com ponent industries. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the average hourly earn ings for component industries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. A N N U A L A V E R A G E D A T A All emolovees and nroduction workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12 . Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12 . Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate manhours (enployment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Average, weighted by employment, of the annual averages of weekly hours for component industries. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate pay rolls (weekly earnings multiplied by employment) divided by annual aggregate man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the annual averages of hourly earnings for component in dustries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. G L O S S A R Y ALL EMPLOYEES - The total number of persons on estab lishment payrolls who worked full- or part-time or received pay for any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Includes salaried officers of corporations as well as employees on the establishment payroll engaged in new construc tion and major additions or alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate work force (forceaccount construction workers). Proprietors, selfemployed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers, and members of the Armed Forces are ex cluded. CONSTRUCTION WORKERS - Includes working foremen, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, labor ers, and similar workers engaged in new work, al terations, demolition, and other actual construc tion work, at the site of construction or working in shop or yard at jobs (such as precutting and pre assembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades; includes all such workers re gardless of skill, engaged in any way in contract construction activities. CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired directly by and on the payroll of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments. DURABLE GOODS - The durable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass pro ducts; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical machinery; trans portation equipment; instruments and related pro ducts; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries as defined. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. speculative builders, subdividers, and developers; and agents and brokers). GOVERNMENT - Covers Federal, State, and local govern ment establishments performing legislative, execu tive, and judicial functions, including Government corporations, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy yards, and hospi tals. Federal government employment excludes em ployees of the Central Intelligence Agency. State and local government employment included teachers, but excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small local units. LABOR TURNOVER: Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: quits, discharges, layoffs, and miscellaneous separations (including military), as defined below. Quits are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by employees for such reasons as: acceptance of a job in another company, dissatisfaction, return to school, marriage, mater nity, ill health, or voluntary retirement where no company pension is provided. Failure to report aft er being hired and unauthorized absences of more than 7 consecutive calendar days are also clas sified as quits. Prior to 1940* miscellaneous separations were also included in this category. Dianharpes are terminations of employment during the calendar month inititated by the employer for such reasons as employees’incompetence, violation of rules, dishonesty, insubordination, laziness, habitual absenteeism, or inability to meet physical standards. Layoffs are terminations of employment during the calendar month lasting or expected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days -without pay, initi ated by the employer without prejudice to the work er, for such reasons as lack of orders or materials, release of temporary help, conversion of plant, in troduction of labor-saving machinery or processes, or suspensions of operations without pay during inventory periods. ESTABLISHMENT - nA single physical location where busi ness is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed; for example, a factory, mill, store, mine, or farm. Where a single physical location comprises two or more units which maintain separate payroll and inventory records and which are engaged in distinct or separate activities for which different industry classifications are provided in the Standard Industrial Classification, each unit shall be treated as a separate establishment. An establishment is not necessarily identical with the business concern or firm which may consist of one or more establishments. It is also to be distin guished from organizational subunits, departments, or divisions within an establishment.” (Standard Industrial Classification Manual, U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Vol. I, Part I, p. 1, November 1945.) Persons on leave of absence (paid or unpaid) with the approval of the employer are not counted as separations until such time as it is definitely de termined that such persons will not return to work. At that tiaie, a separation is reported as one of the above types, depending on the circumstances. FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE - Covers private establishments operating in the fields of finance (banks, security dealers, loan agencies, holding com panies, and other finance agencies); insurance (in surance carriers and independent agents and bro kers); and real estate (real estate owners, including Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll during the calendar month, including both new and rehired employees. Persons returning to work after a layoff, military separations, or other absences who have been counted as separations are considered accessions. Miscellaneous separations (including military) are terminations of employment during the calendar month because of permanent disability, death, re tirement on company pension, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than 30 consecu tive calendar days. Prior to 191*0, miscellaneous separations were included with quits. Beginning September 1940, military separations were included here. 7-E MA.N-HOURS - Covers man-hours worked or paid for of specified groups of workers, during the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of workers in manufacturing and mining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning, and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, i t is construction workers ; and in the other indus tries, i t is nonsupervisory em ployees. The man-hours include hours paid for holi days, sick leave, and vacations taken; i f the em ployee elects to work during a vacation period, the vacation pay and the hours i t represents are omitted. MANUFACTURING - Covers private establishments engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation of in organic or organic substances into new products and usually described as plants, factories, or mills, which characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. Establishments engaged in assembling component parts of manufac tured nroducts are also considered manufacturing i f the new product is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. Government manufacturing opera tions such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and are included under Government. MINING - Covers establishments engaged in the extrac tion from the earth of Organic and inorganic miner als which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gase3; includes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidiz ing of o il wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration. NONDURABLE GOODS - The nondurable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manu factures; textile-m ill products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemi cals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather pro ducts. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e .g ., Federal Re serve Board. NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES - Includes employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, attendants, service employees, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occupational levels, and other employees whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed . OVERTIME HOURS - Covers premium overtime hours of pro duction and related workers during the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Overtime hours are those for which premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or workweek. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if premium wage rates were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. PAYROLL - The weekly payroll for the specified groups 8-E of full- and part-time employees who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of employees in the manufacturing and mining industries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract construction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is non supervisory employees and working supervisors. The payroll is reported before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, with holding tax, bonds, and union dues; also includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS - Includes working fore men and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant’ s own use (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the above production opera tions . REGIONS: North - Includes all States except the 17 listed as South. South - Includes the following 17 States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia, (In the case of sawmills and planning mills, general, a third region is identified - the West - and in cludes California, Oregon, and Washington.) SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS - Covers establishments pri marily engaged in rendering services to individuals and business firms, including automotive repair services. Excludes domestic service workers. Non government schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are included under service and miscellaneous; similar Government establishments are included under Govern ment, TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITES - Covers only pri vate establishments engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, telegraph, and other communication services or pro viding electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRACE - Covers establishments en gaged in wholesale trade, i.e,, selling merchandise to retailers, and in retail trade, i,e., selling merchandise for personal or household consumption, and rendering service incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. 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D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director R o o m 664 50 Seventh Street, N. E. Atlanta 23, Ga. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director Tenth Floor 105 W e s t A d a m s Street Chicago 3, 111. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director R o o m 802 630 S a n s o m e Street San Francisco 11, Calif. o- U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1957 O = 423766 9-E