View original document

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

l l★K

Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
2200 N. PEARL ST.
DALLAS, TX 75201-2272

September 22, 2004

Notice 04-65

TO: The Chief Executive Officer of each
financial institution and others concerned
in the Eleventh Federal Reserve District
SUBJECT
Data Show Major Improvement in Credit Quality,
Decreasing Volume of Loan Commitments
DETAILS
According to a joint federal bank and thrift regulators press release, the quality of
large syndicated bank loans has shown marked improvement this year. Adversely rated loans
continue to subside, although certain industries continue to have a high concentration of
adversely rated loans.
The results—reported by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the
Office of Thrift Supervision—are based on analyses prepared in the second quarter of 2004 and
reflect business and economic conditions at that time.
ATTACHMENT
A copy of the joint press release dated September 15, 2004, is attached
MORE INFORMATION
For more information, please contact James Dean, Banking Supervision Department, at (214) 922-6237. Paper copies of this notice or previous Federal Reserve Bank notices
can be printed from our web site at www.dallasfed.org/banking/notices/index.html.

For additional copies, bankers and others are encouraged to use one of the following toll-free numbers in contacting the Federal
Reserve Bank of Dallas: Dallas Office (800) 333-4460; El Paso Branch Intrastate (800) 592-1631, Interstate (800) 351-1012;
Houston Branch Intrastate (800) 392-4162, Interstate (800) 221-0363; San Antonio Branch Intrastate (800) 292-5810.

Joint Press Release

For Immediate Release

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Office of Thrift Supervision

September 15, 2004

Data Show Major Improvement in Credit Quality, Decreasing Volume of Loan Commitments
WASHINGTON--The quality of large syndicated bank loans showed marked improvement this year, according
to the Shared National Credit (SNC)1 review released today by federal bank and thrift regulators. Adversely
rated loans continue to subside, although certain industries continue to have a high concentration of adversely
rated loans.
The results -- reported by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Office of the Comptroller
of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the Office of Thrift Supervision -- are based on
analyses prepared in the second quarter of 2004 and reflect business and economic conditions at that time.
Total loan commitments2 classified as either substandard, doubtful or loss fell by $78.2 billion, or 51 percent,
from the previous year, compared with a net decrease of $4.9 billion, or 3 percent, the year before.
Commitments rated special mention decreased by $22.4 billion, or 41 percent, in contrast to 2003 when they
fell by $23.8 billion, or 30 percent. None of these figures includes the effects of hedging or other techniques
that organizations often employ to mitigate risk.
The ratio of classified loan commitments to total commitments fell to 4.8 percent, the lowest level since 2000, as
industry charge-off trends and demand in the secondary market for lower quality assets removed many of the
weakest loans from the banking system. Total adversely rated credits (classified and special mention
combined) also fell considerably, to 6.9 percent of total commitments (see Chart 1 below).

Adversely rated credits (also known as criticized credits) are the total of loans classified substandard, doubtful,
and loss--and loans rated special mention. Classified credits are only those rated substandard, doubtful, and
loss. Under the agencies' Uniform Loan Classification Standards,3 classified loans have well-defined
weaknesses, including default in some cases. Special mention loans exhibit potential weaknesses, which may
result in further deterioration if left uncorrected.
Overview
In aggregate, the 2004 SNC Program covered 7,490 credits totaling $1.5 trillion in loan commitments to 4,746
borrowers. Total commitments were down by 6 percent from the prior year and down 25 percent from the 2001
peak of $2.0 trillion. This is consistent with market data pointing to lower customer demand, tighter underwriting
standards, and attractive capital market financing alternatives. Total outstandings, or drawn amounts, were
down 17 percent from the prior year to $500 billion.
For the 2004 review, total loan commitments classified as substandard fell $57 billion, or 51 percent from the
prior year, while doubtful credits dropped by $16.8 billion or 57 percent (see Table 1 below). Commitments
classified as loss fell $4.3 billion, down 40 percent from the prior year. Doubtful and loss amounts reflect the
continued downward migration of credits with previously identified weakness. While total classified
commitments fell sharply, the portion of outstanding nonaccrual4 classified loans fell at a slower rate (41
percent) to $30.1 billion.

Table 1 SNC Classifications ($ billions)

Total Commitments
% Change
2003 - 2004

2004

2003

2002

2001

Substandard

-51%

55.1

112.2

112.0

86.9

Doubtful

-57%

12.5

29.3

22.6

Loss
Total Classified
Percent of Commitments
Memo: Nonaccrual classified
Special Mention
Total Criticized
Percent of Commitments
Total SNC Commitments

-40%
-51%

6.4
74.0
4.8%
30.1
32.8
106.8
6.9%
1,545

10.7
152.2
9.3%
51.0
55.2
207.4
12.6%
1,644

26.0
19.1
157.1
8.4%
51.0
79.0
236.1
12.6%
1,871

-41%
-41%
-48%
-6%

7.8
117.3
5.7%
N/A
75.5
192.8
9.4%
2,050

Industry Trends
The quality of the SNC portfolio improved markedly in all industries (see Appendix B).5 The strongest
improvement occurred in the Manufacturing sector, with a $23 billion, or 54 percent, decline in classified
commitments. Classified credits in the Oil, Gas, Pipelines and Utilities segment fell $13.9 billion, but remained
at significantly elevated levels, with 13.8 percent of commitments classified. The Telecommunications and
Cable segment also exhibited improvement, although exposure to previously identified weaknesses still linger.
Well-documented problems facing airlines continue to drive classifications in the Lodging and Transportation
segment. Other segments such as Financial Services and Insurance and Construction and Real Estate
showed modest classification rates that were below those for the entire SNC program. Credits identified for
special mention fell by $22.4 billion with strong declines experienced in every industry except
Telecommunications and Cable. These declines were driven by a migration of a portion of prior year special
mention credits to classified categories, as well as a decline in newly identified credits with potential
weaknesses. Of total losses in 2004, $3.6 billion, or 56 percent, were directly attributable to the weakened
Energy sector, most of which is related to outcomes of bankruptcy filings. The remaining losses were spread
widely across a variety of industries.
Trends by Entity Type
During 2004, the share of SNC commitments held by U.S. banks and nonbank entities6 each edged up 1
percentage point to 46 percent and 12 percent, respectively. The share held by foreign banking organizations
(FBOs) continued to decline, totaling 42 percent in 2004 (see Table 2). All types of lenders experienced a
decline in classified assets during 2004, with U.S. banks showing the largest improvement, down 57 percent
from the prior year. The quality of holdings also varied among entity types, with classifieds amounting to 3
percent of total commitments at U.S. banks, compared with 5 percent at FBOs and 13 percent at nonbanks.
Total nonaccrual outstandings improved for all entity types. Most notably, U.S. banks experienced a 57 percent
decline.

Table 2 Exposures by Entity Type

2004

2003

2002

2001

U.S. Banks

46%

45%

45%

46%

FBOs

42%

44%

45%

46%

Nonbanks

12%

11%

10%

8%

U.S. Banks

18.8

43.6

54.4

48.6

FBOs

31.3

65.0

61.7

44.2

Nonbanks

23.9

43.6

41.1

24.5

Totals

74.0

152.2

157.1

117.3

U.S. Banks

-56.8%

-20.0%

11.8%

85.5%

FBOs

-51.8%

5.5%

39.2%

99.4%

Nonbanks

-45.3%

6.2%

67.9%

76.0%

Totals

-51.4%

-3.2%

33.8%

88.3%

U.S. Banks

2.6%

5.8%

6.4%

5.1%

FBOs

4.9%

9.0%

7.3%

4.7%

Nonbanks

12.9%

24.4%

23.0%

14.6%

Totals

4.8%

9.3%

8.4%

5.7%

U.S. Banks

5.7

13.3

15.5

n.a.

FBOs

13.4

22.8

19.8

n.a.

Nonbanks

11.0

15.0

15.7

n.a.

Totals

30.1

51.0

51.0

n.a.

Share of Total Commitments

Total Classifications ($ Billions)

Total Classifications (% Increase)

Classifieds as % of Commitments

Total NonAccrual Outstanding ($ Billions)

Risk Management by Banks
Banking organizations remain vigilant in identifying problem credits and have generally reflected the
appropriate risk rating in their internal ratings of credits in the SNC program. Although credit quality has
improved, banking organizations must continue to carefully monitor the condition of their borrowers to ensure
that they promptly identify and address any emerging weaknesses and adjust loan loss allowance levels
appropriately.7
Media Contacts:
FRB: Dave Skidmore (202) 452-2955
OCC: Kevin Mukri

(202) 874-5770

FDIC: David Barr

(202) 898-6992

OTS: Erin Hickman

(202) 906-6677
Appendix A

Committed and Outstanding Balances
(Dollars in Billions)
Year

Special
Mention

Sub-standard

Doubtful

Loss

Total
Classified

Total
Criticized

Total
Commitments

Total
Outstanding

1989

24.0

18.5

3.5

0.9

22.9

46.9

692

245

1990

43.1

50.8

5.8

1.8

58.4

101.5

769

321

1991

49.2

65.5

10.8

3.5

79.8

129.0

806

361

1992

50.4

56.4

12.8

3.3

72.5

122.9

798

357

1993

31.4

50.4

6.7

3.5

60.6

92.0

806

332

1994

31.5

31.1

2.7

2.3

36.1

67.6

893

298

1995

18.8

25.0

1.7

1.5

28.2

47.0

1,063

343

1996

16.8

23.1

2.6

1.4

27.1

43.9

1,200

372

1997

19.6

19.4

1.9

0.9

22.2

41.8

1,435

423

1998

22.8

17.6

3.5

0.9

22.0

44.8

1,759

562

1999

31.3

31.0

4.9

1.5

37.4

68.7

1,829

628

2000

36.3

47.9

10.7

4.7

63.3

99.6

1,951

705

2001

75.5

86.9

22.6

7.8

117.3

192.8

2,050

769

2002

79.0

112.0

26.1

19.1

157.1

236.0

1,871

692

2003

55.2

112.1

29.3

10.7

152.2

207.5

1,644

600

2004

32.8

55.1

12.5

6.4

74.0

106.8

1,545

500

Appendix B8
Summary of Shared National Credit Industry Trends
(Dollars in Billions)

Industry

2004

2003

2002

2001

Commitment

120.2

149.7

174.1

197.5

Classified

13.1

35.7

38.1

6.9

Special Mention

10.8

7.0

9.0

10.0

% Classified

10.9%

23.8%

21.9%

3.5%

% Special Mention

9.0%

4.7%

5.1%

5.0%

Commitment

400.1

424.4

494.8

540.5

Classified

19.6

42.6

60.9

58.1

Special Mention

6.9

22.8

26.2

27.0

% Classified

4.9%

10.0%

12.3%

10.8%

% Special Mention

1.7%

5.4%

5.3%

5.0%

Telecommunication & Cable

Manufacturing

Professional, Scientific, & Other Services
Commitment

107.3

122.4

124.9

157.9

Classified

3.3

6.8

8.8

11.9

Special Mention

1.1

1.8

2.3

4.5

% Classified

3.1%

5.5%

7.0%

7.6%

% Special Mention

1.0%

1.5%

1.9%

2.8%

Commitment

175.7

200.5

229.5

222.8

Classified

24.2

38.1

17.9

4.3

Special Mention

10.1

12.3

15.5

7.0

% Classified

13.8%

19.0%

7.4%

1.9%

% Special Mention

5.8%

6.1%

6.8%

3.1%

Commitment

90.2

87.5

96.7

100.1

Classified

2.5

3.6

4.1

4.7

Special Mention

0.9

2.3

3.2

1.9

% Classified

2.8%

4.1%

4.2%

4.7%

% Special Mention

1.0%

2.6%

3.3%

1.9%

Commitment

74.1

74.8

82.9

99.1

Classified

5.2

7.7

6.6

3.1

Special Mention

0.7

1.8

5.3

6.8

% Classified

7.1%

10.3%

7.9%

3.1%

% Special Mention

1.0%

2.4%

6.4%

6.9%

337.1

343.3

376.5

420.8

Classified

2.1

6.7

8.9

11.9

Special Mention

0.5

2.5

2.9

4.5

% Classified

0.6%

1.9%

2.4%

2.8%

% Special Mention

0.2%

0.7%

0.8%

1.1%

240.5

241.0

291.6

310.9

Classified

3.8

11.0

12.7

16.3

Special Mention

1.8

4.7

14.6

13.9

% Classified

1.6%

4.1%

4.4%

5.2%

Oil, Gas, Pipeline & Utilities

Construction & Real Estate

Lodging & Transportation

Financial Services & Insurance
Commitment

All Other
Commitment

% Special Mention

0.7%

2.0%

5.0%

4.5%

1,545.2

1,643.5

1,871.0

2,049.9

Classified

74.0

152.2

157.1

117.3

Special Mention

32.8

55.2

79.0

75.5

% Classified

4.8%

9.3%

8.4%

5.7%

% Special Mention

2.1%

3.4%

4.2%

3.7%

All Industries (Total)
Commitment

Footnotes
1. The Shared National Credit (SNC) Program was established in 1977 by the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the Office of the Comptroller of the
Currency. In 2001 the Office of Thrift Supervision became an assisting agency. With a few exceptions, the
annual program, which seeks to provide an efficient and consistent review and classification of large
syndicated loans, generally covers loans or loan commitments of at least $20 million that are shared by three
or more financial institutions.
2. Loan commitments included both drawn and undrawn portions of a loan or loan facility.
3. Excerpt from Federal Reserve's SR Letter 79-556 defining regulatory classifications: Classification ratings
are defined as "Substandard," "Doubtful," and "Loss." A Substandard asset is inadequately protected by the
current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified
must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are
characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
An asset classified as Doubtful has all the weakness inherent in one classified Substandard with the added
characteristic that the weaknesses make the collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing
facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Assets classified as Loss are considered
uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This
classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not
practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be
effected in the future.
Excerpt from June 10, 1993 Interagency Statement on the Supervisory Definition of Special Mention
Assets:
A Special Mention asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left
uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or
in the institution's credit position at some future date. Special Mention assets are not adversely classified and
do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.
4. Nonaccrual loans are defined for regulatory reporting purposes as "loans and lease financing receivables
that are required to be reported on a nonaccrual basis because (a) they are maintained on a cash basis due to
a deterioration in the financial position of the borrower, (b) payment in full of interest or principal is not
expected, or (c) principal or interest has been in default for 90 days or longer, unless the obligation is both well

secured and in the process of collection." In Table 1, nonaccrual classifieds are those funded or outstanding
portions of loans classified as substandard and doubtful which are not accruing interest. For 2004, this
consisted of $19.2 billion in loans rated substandard and $11.7 billion rated doubtful.
5. Note that the current industry totals categorizes borrowers using 2002 NAICS codes, in contrast to prior
release of SNC data which categorized borrowers using 1997 NAICS codes.
6. Nonbanks include independent investment brokerages, investment vehicles, and other institutional
investors.
7. For further guidance, institutions should refer to the July 12, 1999 Joint Interagency Letter to Financial
Institutions on the allowance for loan losses, as well as the July 2, 2001 Interagency Policy Statement on
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) Methodologies and Documentation for Banks and Savings
Institutions.
8. NAICS groupings of industries identified in Appendix B are as follows: Telecommunication & Cable - 5132
through 51339; Manufacturing - 31 through 33 and 5121 through 5131; Professional, Scientific, and Other
Services - 54, 55, 56, 61, and 62; Oil, Gas, Pipelines, and Utilities - 21 (oil- & gas-related only), 22, and 486;
Construction & Real Estate - 23 and 53; Lodging and Transportation - 48 (excluding 486), 49, and 72; Financial
Services and Insurance - 52; and All Other - remaining NAICS codes. Prior year data has been restated to
reflect industry categorizations using 2002 NAICS groupings rather than 1997 NAICS groupings used in prior
data releases.