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News United States Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION: Stephen B. Reed (202) 691-7000 USDL-08-1713 CPI QUICKLINE: (202) 691-6994 TRANSMISSION OF FOR CURRENT AND HISTORICAL MATERIAL IN THIS INFORMATION: (202) 691-5200 RELEASE IS EMBARGOED MEDIA CONTACT: (202) 691-5902 UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EST) INTERNET ADDRESS: http://www.bls.gov/cpi/ Wednesday, November 19, 2008 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: OCTOBER 2008 The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) decreased 1.0 percent in October, before seasonal adjustment, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The October level of 216.573 (1982-84=100) was 3.7 percent higher than in October 2007. The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) decreased 1.3 percent in October, prior to seasonal adjustment. The October level of 212.182 (1982-84=100) was 3.8 percent higher than in October 2007. The Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) decreased 0.8 percent in October on a not seasonally adjusted basis. The October level of 124.784 (December 1999=100) was 3.3 percent higher than in October 2007. Please note that the indexes for the post-2006 period are subject to revision. CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U decreased 1.0 percent in October following very little change in September and August. The large October decline was the largest one month decrease since publication of seasonally adjusted changes began in February 1947. Compared to a year ago, the October index was up 3.7 percent. The energy index fell 8.6 percent in October following declines of 1.9 percent in September and 3.1 percent in August. Motor fuel prices continued to decline in October, with the gasoline index falling 14.2 percent. Despite the decline, gasoline prices remain 12.0 percent above their October 2007 level. The index for household energy items declined 0.9 percent following a 3.4 percent decrease in September. Petroleum based household fuel prices continued to decline, but the October decreases were moderated by an (cont.) Table A. Percent changes in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) Seasonally adjusted Expenditure Category Changes from preceding month Apr. 2008 All items ................................. Food and beverages ........... Housing ............................... Apparel ................................ Transportation ..................... Medical care ........................ Recreation ........................... Education and communication .............. Other goods and services ... Special indexes: Energy ................................. Food .................................... All items less food and energy ........................... May 2008 June 2008 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Compound annual rate 3-mos. ended Oct. 2008 Unadjusted 12-mos. ended Oct. 2008 0.2 .9 .3 .5 -.7 .2 -.1 0.6 .3 .5 -.3 2.0 .2 .1 1.1 .7 .5 .1 3.8 .2 .1 0.8 .9 .6 1.2 1.7 .1 .4 -0.1 .6 -.1 .5 -1.5 .2 .5 0.0 .6 -.1 -.1 -.6 .3 .2 -1.0 .3 .0 -1.0 -5.4 .2 .1 -4.4 5.7 -.9 -2.4 -26.2 2.9 3.4 3.7 6.1 3.2 .3 4.2 2.8 2.2 .4 .5 .4 .4 .5 .4 .5 .4 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 2.1 2.9 3.4 4.1 .0 .9 4.4 .3 6.6 .8 4.0 .9 -3.1 .6 -1.9 .6 -8.6 .3 -43.1 5.8 11.5 6.3 .1 .2 .3 .3 .2 .1 -.1 1.1 2.2 increase in the electricity index. The food index increased 0.3 percent in October, a smaller advance than the average monthly increase of 0.7 percent during the June through September period. Compared with a year earlier, the food index was up 6.3 percent. The index for all items less food and energy turned down in October, declining 0.1 percent to a level 2.2 percent above October 2007. Contributing to the decrease in October were declines of 1.0 percent in the apparel index, 4.8 percent in the airline fare index, 1.6 percent in the index for lodging away from home, and 0.7 percent in the index for new and used motor vehicles. The food and beverages index rose 0.3 percent in October after a 0.6 percent increase in September. The index for food at home increased 0.1 percent in October after increasing at least 0.6 percent in each of the preceding four months. Five of the six grocery store food groups decelerated in October. The fruits and vegetables index declined 2.2 percent in October after a 0.5 percent decrease in September. The index for dairy and related products also registered a larger decline, falling 1.0 percent in October after a 0.6 percent decline in September. The indexes for cereals and bakery products, for meats, poultry, fish and eggs, and for other food at home all rose more slowly in October than September. All three indexes rose 0.6 percent in October after increases in September of 1.1, 1.0, and 1.1 percent, respectively. Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials was the only major grocery store food group to increase more rapidly in October, increasing 1.2 percent after a 0.7 percent increase in September. The other indexes in the food and beverages group, food away from home and alcoholic beverages, rose 0.5 percent and 0.4 percent in October, respectively. The housing index was virtually unchanged in October after declining 0.1 percent in September. The shelter index, which rose 0.3 percent in September, was virtually unchanged in October. Within shelter, the index for rent of primary residence rose 0.4 percent in October after a 0.3 percent increase in September. The index for owners’ equivalent rent, which increased 0.2 percent in September, rose 0.1 percent in October. The lodging away from home index turned down sharply in October, falling 1.6 percent after a 0.9 percent increase in September. (On a not seasonally adjusted basis, the index for lodging away from home fell 1.7 percent in October and was 1.4 percent below its October 2007 level). The household energy index declined 0.9 percent in October as declines in the fuel oil and natural gas indexes more than offset an increase in the electricity index. The index for household furnishings and operation was virtually unchanged in October after rising 0.5 percent in September. The transportation index declined sharply in October, falling 5.4 percent as several major components of the index declined significantly. The motor fuels index fell 13.9 percent in October after declining 0.8 percent in September. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, motor fuel prices fell 14.8 percent in October but were 12.3 percent higher than in October 2007). The index for new and used motor vehicles declined for the third straight month, falling 0.7 percent in October. The new vehicles index declined 0.5 percent in October. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, new vehicle prices fell 0.1 percent and have declined 2.3 percent since October 2007.) The index for used cars and trucks declined 2.4 percent in October after a 1.8 percent decrease in September. The index for public transportation declined 3.3 percent in October as the airline fare index fell 4.8 percent. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, airline fares fell 4.4 percent but are 10.4 percent higher than in October 2007.) The index for apparel fell 1.0 percent in October following a 0.1 percent decline in September. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, apparel prices rose 0.9 percent in October and were 0.3 percent higher than in October 2007.) The medical care index rose 0.2 percent in October after rising 0.3 percent in September, and was 2.8 percent higher than a year ago. The index for medical care commodities--prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and medical supplies—and the index for medical care services each increased 0.2 percent in October. Within the latter group, the index for physicians’ services rose 0.1 percent and the index for hospital and related services increased 0.4 percent. The index for recreation advanced 0.1 percent in October, following a 0.2 percent increase in September. The index for video and audio declined 0.6 percent in October, while the index for photography declined 0.8 percent and the index for toys fell 0.5 percent. The indexes for pets and pet products and services and for sporting goods increased substantially in October, rising 0.9 percent and 1.5 percent, respectively. The index for education and communication rose 0.2 percent in October after a 0.1 percent increase in September. The index for education rose 0.4 percent in October, the same increase as in September. The index for communication was virtually unchanged in October after declining 0.2 percent in September. Within communication, the index for telephone services rose 0.1 percent while the index for information technology, hardware and services declined 0.3 percent. The index for other goods and services rose 0.3 percent in October following a 0.2 percent increase in September. The index for tobacco and smoking products rose 0.4 percent in October after being virtually unchanged in September, while the index for personal care, which rose 0.3 percent in September, advanced 0.2 percent in October. CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers decreased 1.2 percent in October. Table B. Percent changes in CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) Seasonally adjusted Expenditure Category Changes from preceding month Apr. 2008 All items ................................. Food and beverages ........... Housing ............................... Apparel ................................ Transportation ..................... Medical care ........................ Recreation ........................... Education and communication .............. Other goods and services ... Special indexes: Energy ................................. Food .................................... All items less food and energy ........................... May 2008 June 2008 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Compound annual rate 3-mos. ended Oct. 2008 Unadjusted 12-mos. ended Oct. 2008 0.2 .9 .4 .2 -.7 .2 -.2 0.7 .3 .5 -.2 2.1 .1 .0 1.2 .8 .5 .0 4.0 .2 .2 0.9 .9 .7 .8 1.8 .1 .4 -0.2 .6 .0 1.0 -1.7 .3 .5 -0.1 .6 -.2 .0 -.7 .3 .2 -1.2 .3 .0 -1.2 -6.0 .1 .0 -5.7 5.9 -.7 -.9 -28.9 3.1 3.1 3.8 6.2 3.5 .3 4.1 2.9 2.0 .4 .4 .3 .5 .5 .6 .5 .5 .2 .2 .0 .2 .2 .3 1.9 2.7 3.1 4.5 -.2 1.0 4.5 .3 6.8 .8 4.0 .9 -3.2 .6 -1.7 .6 -9.0 .3 -43.7 6.0 11.7 6.4 .1 .2 .3 .3 .2 .1 -.1 1.0 2.1 Consumer Price Index data for November are scheduled for release on Tuesday, December 16, 2008, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). Facilities for Sensory Impaired Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200, Federal Relay Services: 1-800-877-8339. Brief Explanation of the CPI The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in prices over time of goods and services purchased by households. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population groups: (1) the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), which covers households of wage earners and clerical workers that comprise approximately 32 percent of the total population and (2) the CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and the Chained CPI for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U), which cover approximately 87 percent of the total population and include in addition to wage earners and clerical worker households, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the self-employed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force. The CPIs are based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, and fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors’ and dentists’ services, drugs, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Prices are collected in 87 urban areas across the country from about 50,000 housing units and approximately 23,000 retail establishments-department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index. Prices of fuels and a few other items are obtained every month in all 87 locations. Prices of most other commodities and services are collected every month in the three largest geographic areas and every other month in other areas. Prices of most goods and services are obtained by personal visits or telephone calls of the Bureau’s trained representatives. In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights, which represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. For the CPI-U and CPI-W separate indexes are also published by size of city, by region of the country, for cross-classifications of regions and population-size classes, and for 27 local areas. Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of prices among cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period. For the C-CPI-U data are issued only at the national level. It is important to note that the CPI-U and CPI-W are considered final when released, but the CCPI-U is issued in preliminary form and subject to two annual revisions. The index measures price change from a designed reference date. For the CPI-U and the CPI-W the reference base is 1982-84 equals 100.0. The reference base for the C-CPI-U is December 1999 equals 100. An increase of 16.5 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 116.5. This change can also be expressed in dollars as follows: the price of a base period market basket of goods and services in the CPI has risen from $10 in 1982-84 to $11.65. For further details visit the CPI home page on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/cpi/ or contact our CPI Information and Analysis Section on (202) 691-7000. Note on Sampling Error in the Consumer Price Index The CPI is a statistical estimate that is subject to sampling error because it is based upon a sample of retail prices and not the complete universe of all prices. BLS calculates and publishes estimates of the 1-month, 2-month, 6-month and 12-month percent change standard errors annually, for the CPI-U. These standard error estimates can be used to construct confidence intervals for hypothesis testing. For example, the estimated standard error of the 1 month percent change is 0.06 percent for the U.S. All Items Consumer Price Index. This means that if we repeatedly sample from the universe of all retail prices using the same methodology, and estimate a percentage change for each sample, then 95% of these estimates would be within 0.12 percent of the 1 month percentage change based on all retail prices. For a 1-month change of 0.2 percent in the All Items CPI for All Urban Consumers, we are 95 percent confident that the actual percent change based on all retail prices would fall between 0.08 and 0.32 percent. For the latest data, including information on how to use the estimates of standard error, see “Variance Estimates for Changes in the Consumer Price Index, January 2005December 2005” in the CPI Detailed Report, February 2006. These data are available on the CPI home page (http://www.bls.gov/cpi), using the following link http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpivar2006.pdf Calculating Index Changes Movements of the indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes rather than changes in index points, because index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to its base period while percent changes are not. The example below illustrates the computation of index point and percent changes. Percent changes for 3-month and 6-month periods are expressed as annual rates and are computed according to the standard formula for compound growth rates. These data indicate what the percent change would be if the current rate were maintained for a 12-month period. Index Point Change CPI Less previous index Equals index point change 202.416 201.800 .616 Percent Change Index point difference Divided by the previous index Equals Results multiplied by one hundred Equals percent change .616 201.800 0.003 0.003x100 0.3 Regions Defined The states in the four regions shown in Tables 3 and 6 are listed below. The Northeast--Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The Midwest--Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. The South--Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The West--Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. A Note on Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes seasonally adjusted as well as unadjusted changes each month. For analyzing general price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred since they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same magnitude every year--such as price movements resulting from changing climatic conditions, production cycles, model changeovers, holidays, and sales. The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices they actually pay. Unadjusted data also are used extensively for escalation purposes. Many collective bargaining contract agreements and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes to the Consumer Price Index before adjustment for seasonal variation. Seasonal factors used in computing the seasonally adjusted indexes are derived by the X-12-ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method. Seasonally adjusted indexes and seasonal factors are computed annually. Each year, the last 5 years of seasonally adjusted data are revised. Data from January 2003 through December 2007 were replaced in January 2008. Exceptions to the usual revision schedule were: the updated seasonal data at the end of 1977 replaced data from 1967 through 1977; and, in January 2002, dependently seasonally adjusted series were revised for January 1987-December 2001 as a result of a change in the aggregation weights for dependently adjusted series. For further information, please see “Aggregation of Dependently Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted Series,” in the October 2001 issue of the CPI Detailed Report. The seasonal movement of All items and 54 other aggregations is derived by combining the seasonal movement of 73 selected components. Each year the seasonal status of every series is reevaluated based upon certain statistical criteria. If any of the 73 components change their seasonal adjustment status from seasonally adjusted to not seasonally adjusted, not seasonally adjusted data will be used in the aggregation of the dependent series for the last 5 years, but the seasonally adjusted indexes will be used before that period. Note: 48 of the 73 components are seasonally adjusted for 2008. Seasonally adjusted data, including the All items index levels, are subject to revision for up to five years after their original release. For this reason, BLS advises against the use of these data in escalation agreements. Effective with the calculation of the seasonal factors for 1990, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has used an enhanced seasonal adjustment procedure called Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment for some CPI series. Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment allows for better estimates of seasonally adjusted data. Extreme values and/or sharp movements which might distort the seasonal pattern are estimated and removed from the data prior to calculation of seasonal factors. Beginning with the calculation of seasonal factors for 1996, X-12ARIMA software was used for Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment. For the seasonal factors introduced in January 2008, BLS adjusted 20 series using Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment, including selected food and beverage items, motor fuels, electricity and vehicles. For example, this procedure was used for the Motor fuel series to offset the effects of events such as damage to oil refineries from Hurricane Katrina. For a complete list of Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment series and explanations, please refer to the article “Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment,” located on our website at http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpisapage.htm. For additional information on seasonal adjustment in the CPI, please write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price Indexes, Washington, DC 20212 or contact Jeff Wilson at (202) 691-6968, or by e-mail at Wilson.Jeff@bls.gov. If you have general questions about the CPI, please call our information staff at (202) 691-7000. Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-U Relative importance, December 2007 Unadjusted indexes Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 2008 from— Oct. 2007 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Sep. 2008 July to Aug. Aug. to Sep. Sep. to Oct. Expenditure category All items ........................................................................................ All items (1967=100) .................................................................... 100.000 218.783 655.376 216.573 648.758 3.7 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 -1.0 - - - - - - Food and beverages .................................................................. Food ......................................................................................... Food at home ......................................................................... Cereals and bakery products ............................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs .............................................. Dairy and related products ................................................... Fruits and vegetables ........................................................... Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ................ Other food at home .............................................................. Sugar and sweets .............................................................. Fats and oils ....................................................................... Other foods ........................................................................ Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ......................................... Food away from home 1 ......................................................... Other food away from home 1 2 ........................................... Alcoholic beverages ................................................................. 14.914 13.833 7.660 1.030 1.807 .887 1.156 .928 1.852 .277 .205 1.369 .404 6.173 .297 1.080 217.672 217.696 218.629 250.924 209.937 213.533 285.986 161.499 187.944 189.929 206.274 201.388 121.144 218.225 152.040 216.055 218.705 218.738 219.660 252.832 210.706 212.733 285.484 163.727 189.348 190.515 208.300 202.993 122.699 219.290 153.544 216.972 6.1 6.3 7.5 12.5 6.2 3.6 8.3 5.3 8.4 7.5 18.3 7.0 6.8 4.8 5.1 3.8 .5 .5 .5 .8 .4 -.4 -.2 1.4 .7 .3 1.0 .8 1.3 .5 1.0 .4 .6 .6 .8 -.1 1.0 .4 2.1 .4 .7 .6 1.1 .6 .4 .3 .0 .4 .6 .6 .6 1.1 1.0 -.6 -.5 .7 1.1 1.7 1.7 .8 .1 .5 .6 .5 .3 .3 .1 .6 .6 -1.0 -2.2 1.2 .6 .7 .5 .6 1.3 .5 1.0 .4 Housing ...................................................................................... Shelter ...................................................................................... Rent of primary residence 3 ................................................... Lodging away from home 2 .................................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 .................. Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ................................... Fuels and utilities ..................................................................... Household energy .................................................................. Fuel oil and other fuels ......................................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ................................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ................... Household furnishings and operations ..................................... Household operations 1 2 ....................................................... 42.427 32.596 5.765 2.564 23.942 .325 5.128 4.215 .351 3.864 .913 4.702 .737 218.184 247.737 244.926 143.597 253.493 119.944 228.450 209.501 349.164 210.950 154.264 128.584 150.193 217.383 247.844 245.855 141.140 253.902 119.916 221.199 201.176 318.667 203.503 155.557 128.789 150.052 3.2 2.2 3.7 -1.4 2.3 2.8 10.1 10.8 21.7 9.8 6.9 2.0 6.4 -.4 .0 .4 -1.7 .2 .0 -3.2 -4.0 -8.7 -3.5 .8 .2 -.1 -.1 .1 .3 -1.1 .1 -.2 -1.1 -1.6 -6.5 -1.1 1.3 .2 .6 -.1 .3 .3 .9 .2 1.2 -2.8 -3.4 -5.8 -3.2 .3 .5 .7 .0 .0 .4 -1.6 .1 .0 -.6 -.9 -8.8 -.1 1.0 .0 -.1 Apparel ....................................................................................... Men’s and boys’ apparel .......................................................... Women’s and girls’ apparel ...................................................... Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel ................................................... Footwear .................................................................................. 3.731 .935 1.600 .185 .679 121.168 112.720 111.774 113.494 124.907 122.243 115.067 111.833 116.158 126.442 .3 .1 -1.4 -.8 1.4 .9 2.1 .1 2.3 1.2 .5 .3 2.0 -.8 -1.6 -.1 -.3 -.3 1.3 -.4 -1.0 -.5 -2.2 .6 .3 Transportation ............................................................................ Private transportation ............................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 ............................................. New vehicles ........................................................................ Used cars and trucks 1 ......................................................... Motor fuel ............................................................................... Gasoline (all types) .............................................................. Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ..................................... Motor vehicle maintenance and repair ................................... Public transportation ................................................................ 17.688 16.583 7.191 4.632 1.773 5.482 5.215 .356 1.123 1.106 203.861 199.153 92.480 132.399 132.916 315.078 313.535 131.048 237.121 261.318 192.709 187.976 92.071 132.264 129.733 268.537 266.382 131.917 238.227 252.323 4.2 3.9 -2.3 -2.3 -5.3 12.3 12.0 7.2 5.9 8.4 -5.5 -5.6 -.4 -.1 -2.4 -14.8 -15.0 .7 .5 -3.4 -1.5 -1.6 -.4 -.6 -.3 -4.2 -4.2 .9 .6 1.1 -.6 -.6 -.9 -.7 -1.8 -.8 -.6 .6 .4 -1.0 -5.4 -5.5 -.7 -.5 -2.4 -13.9 -14.2 .7 .3 -3.3 Medical care ............................................................................... Medical care commodities ........................................................ Medical care services ............................................................... Professional services ............................................................. Hospital and related services 3 .............................................. 6.231 1.601 4.630 2.626 1.467 365.036 295.461 386.579 312.527 537.728 365.746 295.791 387.440 312.914 540.853 2.8 1.2 3.4 3.1 6.0 .2 .1 .2 .1 .6 .2 .1 .3 .3 .6 .3 .2 .4 .2 .6 .2 .2 .2 .1 .4 See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-U Relative importance, December 2007 Unadjusted indexes Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 2008 from— Oct. 2007 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Sep. 2008 July to Aug. Aug. to Sep. Sep. to Oct. Expenditure category Recreation 2 ............................................................................... Video and audio 2 .................................................................... 5.647 1.843 114.032 102.706 114.169 102.193 2.2 -.9 0.1 -.5 0.5 .5 0.2 .1 0.1 -.6 Education and communication 2 ................................................ Education 2 .............................................................................. Educational books and supplies ............................................. Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ................................ Communication 2 ..................................................................... Information and information processing 1 2 ............................ Telephone services 1 2 ......................................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 ............. Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ............ 6.086 2.944 .207 2.736 3.142 2.975 2.342 .634 .242 125.505 186.148 462.787 536.082 84.524 81.635 101.311 9.901 90.797 125.686 186.669 463.825 537.606 84.535 81.652 101.407 9.874 89.945 3.4 5.9 7.5 5.7 1.0 .9 2.4 -4.9 -13.8 .1 .3 .2 .3 .0 .0 .1 -.3 -.9 .2 .6 2.6 .5 -.2 -.2 .0 -.7 -1.9 .1 .4 .4 .4 -.2 -.2 .0 -1.1 -2.3 .2 .4 .2 .5 .0 .0 .1 -.3 -.9 Other goods and services .......................................................... Tobacco and smoking products 1 ............................................ Personal care ........................................................................... Personal care products 1 ....................................................... Personal care services 1 ........................................................ Miscellaneous personal services ........................................... 3.277 .731 2.546 .639 .629 1.044 348.166 597.581 202.486 159.643 224.614 343.431 349.276 599.744 203.107 159.826 225.564 343.131 4.1 7.0 3.2 .9 3.5 4.6 .3 .4 .3 .1 .4 -.1 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .4 .2 .0 .3 .2 .2 .5 .3 .4 .2 .1 .4 .0 41.269 14.914 26.356 15.519 3.731 11.787 10.837 58.731 32.271 .325 3.864 .913 .737 5.350 4.630 10.641 179.117 217.672 157.621 206.919 121.168 265.100 110.077 258.059 258.255 119.944 210.950 154.264 150.193 248.047 386.579 299.598 175.257 218.705 151.874 195.127 122.243 244.935 109.677 257.559 258.368 119.916 203.503 155.557 150.052 247.762 387.440 299.923 3.9 6.1 2.7 6.0 .3 7.9 -2.0 3.5 2.2 2.8 9.8 6.9 6.4 5.2 3.4 3.7 -2.2 .5 -3.6 -5.7 .9 -7.6 -.4 -.2 .0 .0 -3.5 .8 -.1 -.1 .2 .1 -.5 .6 -1.1 -1.8 .5 -2.0 -.3 .1 .1 -.2 -1.1 1.3 .6 .8 .3 .4 -.1 .6 -.5 -.9 -.1 -1.4 -.6 .0 .3 1.2 -3.2 .3 .7 .1 .4 .2 -2.3 .3 -3.8 -5.5 -1.0 -7.9 -.6 .0 .0 .0 -.1 1.0 -.1 -.4 .2 .2 86.167 67.404 93.769 27.436 16.599 12.868 30.432 26.460 54.101 9.698 90.302 76.469 21.602 5.834 54.867 218.991 209.936 211.321 159.825 207.483 259.278 213.274 277.615 247.563 258.020 216.397 216.862 140.528 318.918 262.980 $ .457 $ .153 216.250 206.776 209.021 154.250 196.442 241.183 207.435 276.297 246.997 231.561 216.695 217.023 140.659 272.921 263.156 $ .462 $ .154 3.2 4.3 3.7 2.7 5.8 7.5 6.0 5.0 3.5 11.5 2.8 2.2 .1 12.9 3.0 -1.3 -1.5 -1.1 -3.5 -5.3 -7.0 -2.7 -.5 -.2 -10.3 .1 .1 .1 -14.4 .1 -.3 -.2 -.2 -1.1 -2.0 -2.2 -.9 .2 .2 -3.1 .3 .2 .1 -4.4 .2 -.1 -.2 -.1 -.4 -.9 -1.4 -.3 -.3 -.1 -1.9 .2 .1 -.2 -1.1 .3 -1.2 -1.4 -1.0 -3.6 -5.3 -7.0 -2.6 -.1 .0 -8.6 .0 -.1 -.4 -13.6 .0 - - - - - Commodity and service group Commodities ................................................................................ Food and beverages .................................................................. Commodities less food and beverages ...................................... Nondurables less food and beverages ..................................... Apparel ................................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ................................................................................... Services ....................................................................................... Rent of shelter 4 ......................................................................... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ....................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ....................... Household operations 1 2 ........................................................... Transportation services .............................................................. Medical care services ................................................................. Other services ............................................................................ Special indexes All items less food ........................................................................ All items less shelter .................................................................... All items less medical care ........................................................... Commodities less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food and apparel ............................................. Nondurables ................................................................................. Services less rent of shelter 4 ...................................................... Services less medical care services ............................................ Energy .......................................................................................... All items less energy .................................................................... All items less food and energy ................................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ..................... Energy commodities ............................................................... Services less energy services .................................................. Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1982-84=$1.00) ........ Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1967=$1.00) ............. - 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-U 6 months ended— Jan. 2008 Apr. 2008 July 2008 Oct. 2008 216.710 6.8 2.3 10.6 217.996 218.029 219.225 251.760 209.534 214.066 290.047 161.609 188.124 190.197 206.381 201.577 121.144 218.225 152.040 216.276 218.569 218.582 219.380 253.199 210.721 211.930 283.770 163.526 189.320 191.438 207.508 202.881 122.699 219.290 153.544 217.103 4.6 4.7 5.7 7.6 2.7 2.3 16.3 4.1 3.5 3.8 12.8 1.8 1.1 3.5 1.6 3.3 6.1 6.3 8.3 19.5 3.4 4.5 3.0 7.7 12.7 10.7 26.2 11.1 12.1 3.9 5.6 3.7 218.101 247.258 244.296 143.846 252.970 118.562 230.876 212.286 375.211 212.549 153.832 128.222 149.169 217.891 247.971 244.977 145.173 253.493 119.944 224.377 205.021 353.309 205.785 154.269 128.917 150.193 217.793 248.058 245.840 142.808 253.871 119.916 223.111 203.206 322.208 205.538 155.827 128.936 150.052 3.5 3.5 4.5 5.1 3.3 2.8 6.0 5.9 79.3 .6 6.7 .4 5.2 119.574 113.090 107.860 112.638 126.047 120.157 113.420 110.057 111.741 124.023 120.005 113.108 109.678 113.172 123.572 118.843 112.533 107.255 113.815 123.896 Transportation ................................................................... Private transportation ...................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 .................................... New vehicles ............................................................... Used cars and trucks 1 ............................................... Motor fuel ...................................................................... Gasoline (all types) ..................................................... Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ............................ Motor vehicle maintenance and repair .......................... Public transportation ....................................................... 209.358 204.899 94.052 135.300 135.840 334.732 332.237 129.118 234.818 261.275 206.303 201.552 93.702 134.548 135.405 320.647 318.255 130.327 236.340 264.183 205.036 200.367 92.900 133.567 132.916 317.962 316.443 131.048 237.284 261.556 Medical care ...................................................................... Medical care commodities .............................................. Medical care services ..................................................... Professional services .................................................... Hospital and related services 3 ..................................... 363.852 294.438 385.353 311.739 534.172 364.710 294.694 386.458 312.575 537.549 365.836 295.231 387.816 313.273 540.539 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 All items .............................................................................. 219.181 218.880 218.813 Food and beverages ......................................................... Food ................................................................................ Food at home ................................................................ Cereals and bakery products ...................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..................................... Dairy and related products .......................................... Fruits and vegetables .................................................. Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ....... Other food at home ..................................................... Sugar and sweets ..................................................... Fats and oils .............................................................. Other foods ............................................................... Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ................................ Food away from home 1 ............................................... Other food away from home 1 2 .................................. Alcoholic beverages ........................................................ 215.539 215.545 216.227 249.210 205.361 214.537 285.411 159.796 184.951 185.865 200.870 198.743 120.510 216.376 151.120 214.173 216.778 216.807 217.949 249.024 207.479 215.356 291.493 160.411 186.154 186.956 202.996 199.930 121.033 217.063 151.133 215.105 Housing ............................................................................. Shelter ............................................................................. Rent of primary residence 3 .......................................... Lodging away from home 2 ........................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 ......... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ......................... Fuels and utilities ............................................................ Household energy ......................................................... Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................ Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .......... Household furnishings and operations ............................ Household operations 1 2 ............................................. 218.267 247.090 243.535 145.394 252.610 118.764 233.540 215.751 401.283 214.896 151.857 127.919 148.290 Apparel .............................................................................. Men’s and boys’ apparel ................................................. Women’s and girls’ apparel ............................................. Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel .......................................... Footwear ......................................................................... Apr. 2008 Oct. 2008 -4.4 4.5 2.8 8.0 8.4 10.1 17.0 8.1 13.2 17.5 -.2 7.8 3.2 20.9 6.8 7.0 6.3 6.8 2.4 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.6 10.9 -4.8 -2.3 9.7 9.8 12.5 13.9 8.6 7.5 5.5 6.6 5.6 5.4 5.5 7.0 13.4 3.0 3.4 9.5 5.9 8.0 7.2 19.3 6.3 6.5 3.7 3.6 3.5 6.9 7.1 8.0 11.7 9.5 3.8 7.2 4.6 8.8 7.8 17.3 7.7 7.2 5.9 6.7 4.0 3.7 1.0 2.9 -13.5 2.3 3.4 24.0 28.7 48.8 27.0 3.8 1.9 8.5 6.5 2.9 3.4 11.6 1.8 1.2 34.4 40.7 98.2 35.9 6.4 2.7 7.1 -.9 1.6 3.8 -6.9 2.0 3.9 -16.7 -21.3 -58.4 -16.3 10.9 3.2 4.8 3.6 2.2 3.7 -4.7 2.8 3.1 14.6 16.7 63.3 13.0 5.3 1.1 6.9 2.8 2.2 3.6 1.9 1.9 2.5 5.8 5.2 -9.2 6.7 8.6 2.9 5.9 4.6 1.9 7.3 4.5 3.6 -4.6 2.9 -17.2 -5.6 3.5 4.2 -2.3 9.0 -6.0 5.7 -2.4 -2.0 -2.2 4.2 -6.7 -.1 2.4 -5.8 -.7 3.5 .8 -2.2 3.3 -1.0 -.7 194.031 189.326 92.229 132.889 129.733 273.671 271.580 131.917 238.108 252.920 22.3 23.0 -.3 -1.1 .7 82.1 82.7 4.2 5.3 10.9 -2.5 -3.2 -1.9 -2.4 -1.2 -8.8 -10.4 5.8 5.2 8.1 34.3 34.5 .8 1.6 -2.7 114.6 115.4 10.1 7.4 31.2 -26.2 -27.1 -7.5 -6.9 -16.8 -55.3 -55.4 9.0 5.7 -12.2 9.2 9.1 -1.1 -1.8 -.2 28.9 27.9 5.0 5.3 9.5 -.5 -1.0 -3.4 -2.8 -10.0 -2.1 -1.9 9.5 6.6 7.3 366.470 295.741 388.489 313.601 542.655 5.1 5.1 5.1 3.8 9.0 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 4.3 1.8 -3.2 3.6 4.8 4.4 2.9 1.8 3.3 2.4 6.5 3.3 3.3 3.3 2.6 6.7 2.3 -.8 3.4 3.6 5.4 Expenditure category See footnotes at end of table. Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-U 6 months ended— Jan. 2008 Apr. 2008 July 2008 Oct. 2008 114.214 102.168 1.6 .8 1.2 -1.5 2.4 -2.9 124.615 183.462 461.555 527.863 84.526 81.635 101.311 9.901 90.797 124.888 184.260 462.451 530.257 84.538 81.652 101.407 9.874 89.945 2.8 6.7 6.2 6.7 -1.3 -1.5 -.5 -5.9 -12.2 3.3 5.4 4.8 5.4 1.3 1.4 2.4 -2.3 -8.2 347.715 597.361 202.169 159.252 224.151 341.606 348.540 597.581 202.768 159.643 224.614 343.441 349.441 599.744 203.231 159.826 225.564 343.499 3.9 8.9 2.5 -.5 3.8 4.8 180.657 215.539 160.622 211.267 119.574 275.611 111.425 257.269 257.575 118.764 214.896 151.857 148.290 246.409 385.353 296.752 179.687 216.778 158.775 207.465 120.157 270.166 111.140 257.642 257.717 118.562 212.549 153.832 149.169 248.277 386.458 297.887 179.530 217.996 158.058 205.585 120.005 266.376 110.513 257.662 258.498 119.944 205.785 154.269 150.193 248.422 387.816 298.481 175.334 218.569 152.036 194.214 118.843 245.230 109.868 257.742 258.583 119.916 205.538 155.827 150.052 247.447 388.489 298.953 219.806 210.755 211.774 162.695 212.335 269.125 215.067 276.996 246.945 270.602 215.529 216.230 140.792 340.411 261.729 219.250 210.264 211.433 160.922 208.004 263.228 213.122 277.598 247.327 262.107 216.080 216.650 140.885 325.603 262.367 218.972 209.885 211.322 160.257 206.042 259.597 212.583 276.660 247.172 257.086 216.528 216.956 140.655 321.888 263.046 216.434 206.884 209.135 154.412 195.181 241.328 207.029 276.380 247.197 235.053 216.484 216.801 140.136 278.005 263.159 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Recreation 2 ...................................................................... Video and audio 2 ........................................................... 113.264 102.195 113.876 102.658 114.120 102.801 Education and communication 2 ....................................... Education 2 ..................................................................... Educational books and supplies ................................... Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ...................... Communication 2 ............................................................ Information and information processing 1 2 .................. Telephone services 1 2 ............................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 .... Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ... 124.226 181.582 447.821 523.254 84.840 81.965 101.339 10.087 94.711 124.505 182.734 459.494 525.789 84.702 81.815 101.301 10.012 92.921 Other goods and services ................................................. Tobacco and smoking products 1 ................................... Personal care .................................................................. Personal care products 1 .............................................. Personal care services 1 ............................................... Miscellaneous personal services .................................. 346.962 596.782 201.660 158.989 223.719 340.264 Apr. 2008 Oct. 2008 3.4 -.1 1.4 -.4 2.9 -1.5 5.5 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.7 5.3 7.6 -3.2 -15.7 2.1 6.0 13.7 5.5 -1.4 -1.5 .3 -8.2 -18.7 3.0 6.0 5.5 6.1 .0 -.1 .9 -4.1 -10.2 3.8 5.7 9.6 5.4 2.1 1.8 3.9 -5.7 -17.2 4.8 2.6 5.5 3.1 5.3 6.1 4.6 14.9 1.8 -1.0 1.7 3.6 2.9 2.0 3.2 2.1 3.3 3.9 4.4 5.7 4.0 1.3 4.6 5.4 3.7 8.3 2.5 .5 2.5 3.8 11.5 4.6 15.6 29.9 4.6 38.4 -.2 3.7 3.7 2.8 .6 6.7 5.2 5.2 5.1 3.5 .8 6.1 -2.0 .5 -4.6 2.4 -2.1 3.4 .8 3.4 27.0 3.8 8.5 3.8 1.6 3.4 17.0 8.0 22.3 35.4 4.2 52.4 .0 6.2 2.9 1.2 35.9 6.4 7.1 10.4 3.6 4.8 -11.3 5.7 -19.7 -28.6 -2.4 -37.3 -5.5 .7 1.6 3.9 -16.3 10.9 4.8 1.7 3.3 3.0 6.0 5.4 6.4 14.3 -.1 19.1 -1.2 3.6 2.2 3.1 13.0 5.3 6.9 4.5 3.3 3.5 1.9 6.9 -.9 -1.7 .8 -2.3 -2.8 3.4 2.2 2.5 6.7 8.6 5.9 5.9 3.4 3.9 7.1 8.4 6.9 15.1 28.0 34.9 15.6 3.6 3.2 43.6 3.4 3.1 1.2 82.5 3.9 1.7 3.0 2.4 -1.8 2.1 3.7 4.5 6.7 3.7 5.6 2.0 1.2 -.7 -6.1 1.9 10.9 14.4 11.2 21.5 34.4 47.7 21.8 11.1 6.8 79.4 4.2 3.5 1.7 113.5 4.1 -6.0 -7.1 -4.9 -18.9 -28.6 -35.3 -14.1 -.9 .4 -43.1 1.8 1.1 -1.9 -55.5 2.2 4.4 5.7 4.6 6.3 14.3 18.3 9.9 5.1 3.4 23.1 2.7 2.2 .3 30.9 2.9 2.1 3.1 2.8 -.7 -2.0 -2.3 2.3 4.9 3.5 1.1 3.0 2.3 -.1 -2.5 3.2 Expenditure category Commodity and service group Commodities ....................................................................... Food and beverages ......................................................... Commodities less food and beverages ............................. Nondurables less food and beverages ........................... Apparel .......................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .......... Durables .......................................................................... Services .............................................................................. Rent of shelter 4 ................................................................ Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ............................. Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ............................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .............. Household operations 1 2 ................................................. Transportation services ..................................................... Medical care services ....................................................... Other services ................................................................... Special indexes All items less food ............................................................... All items less shelter ........................................................... All items less medical care .................................................. Commodities less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food and apparel .................................... Nondurables ........................................................................ Services less rent of shelter 4 ............................................. Services less medical care services ................................... Energy ................................................................................. All items less energy ........................................................... All items less food and energy .......................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ........... Energy commodities ..................................................... Services less energy services ......................................... 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) All items CPI-U Indexes Percent change to Oct.2008 from— Pricing schedule 1 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 M 219.964 219.086 218.783 Northeast urban .............................................. Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ M M M 234.545 236.460 139.623 233.788 236.107 138.537 Midwest urban ................................................ Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... M M M 210.071 211.003 134.595 M South urban .................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... West urban ..................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Percent change to Sep.2008 from— Oct. 2007 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Sep. 2007 July 2008 Aug. 2008 216.573 3.7 -1.1 -1.0 4.9 -0.5 -0.1 232.841 235.314 137.723 230.837 233.165 136.730 4.0 3.8 4.6 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -.9 -.9 -.7 5.2 4.9 5.8 -.7 -.5 -1.4 -.4 -.3 -.6 209.351 210.341 133.969 209.252 210.283 133.982 206.019 207.049 131.946 3.3 3.0 3.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 4.8 4.5 5.1 -.4 -.3 -.5 .0 .0 .0 206.435 206.251 205.522 202.086 3.6 -2.0 -1.7 5.1 -.4 -.4 M M M 213.304 215.373 135.643 212.387 214.496 135.004 212.650 214.854 135.093 210.108 212.617 133.285 3.9 3.8 3.6 -1.1 -.9 -1.3 -1.2 -1.0 -1.3 5.4 5.2 5.3 -.3 -.2 -.4 .1 .2 .1 M 215.274 214.655 215.258 213.103 6.2 -.7 -1.0 7.1 .0 .3 M M M 223.867 227.562 136.021 222.823 226.541 135.207 222.132 225.910 134.834 221.034 224.967 133.795 3.3 3.5 3.0 -.8 -.7 -1.0 -.5 -.4 -.8 4.3 4.4 4.5 -.8 -.7 -.9 -.3 -.3 -.3 M M M 200.941 136.055 212.555 200.278 135.315 212.138 199.982 135.160 211.740 198.148 133.587 209.755 3.6 3.7 4.4 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -.9 -1.2 -.9 4.7 5.2 5.4 -.5 -.7 -.4 -.1 -.1 -.2 Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI ................... Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA ... New York-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA ......................................... M M 217.459 229.886 215.971 228.484 215.465 227.449 213.363 226.159 3.2 3.4 -1.2 -1.0 -1.0 -.6 4.4 4.5 -.9 -1.1 -.2 -.5 M 240.273 240.550 240.089 238.403 4.3 -.9 -.7 5.2 -.1 -.2 Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT ..... Cleveland-Akron, OH ...................................... Dallas-Fort Worth, TX ..................................... Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV 6 ...... 1 1 1 1 241.258 206.941 206.413 142.065 - 238.519 206.219 205.883 142.036 - - - - 4.7 4.7 5.7 5.5 -1.1 -.3 -.3 .0 - Atlanta, GA ..................................................... Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI .............................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX .................... Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL ............................. Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD ........................................ San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ........... Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA .................... 2 2 2 2 - 211.404 209.484 192.723 225.473 - 206.388 205.238 191.140 223.699 2.2 1.7 3.4 4.0 -2.4 -2.0 -.8 -.8 - - - - 2 2 2 - 228.337 225.411 227.745 - 225.113 225.824 225.915 2.8 3.6 3.4 -1.4 .2 -.8 - - - - U.S. city average ............................................ Region and area size2 Size classes A 4 .............................................................. B/C 3 ........................................................... D ................................................................. Selected local areas5 1 Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. 2 Regions defined as the four Census regions. See technical notes. 3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 4 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 5 In addition, the following metropolitan areas are published semiannually and appear in Tables 34 and 39 of the January and July issues of the CPI Detailed Report: Anchorage, AK; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN; Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO; Honolulu, HI; Kansas City, MO-KS; Milwaukee-Racine, WI; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI; Phoenix-Mesa, AZ; Pittsburgh, PA; Portland-Salem, OR-WA; St. Louis, MO-IL; San Diego, CA; Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL. 6 Indexes on a November 1996=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 4. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-W Relative importance, December 2007 Unadjusted indexes Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 2008 from— Oct. 2007 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Sep. 2008 July to Aug. Aug. to Sep. Sep. to Oct. Expenditure category All items ........................................................................................ All items (1967=100) .................................................................... 100.000 214.935 640.226 212.182 632.025 3.8 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -1.2 - - - - - - Food and beverages .................................................................. Food ......................................................................................... Food at home ......................................................................... Cereals and bakery products ............................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs .............................................. Dairy and related products ................................................... Fruits and vegetables ........................................................... Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ................ Other food at home .............................................................. Sugar and sweets .............................................................. Fats and oils ....................................................................... Other foods ........................................................................ Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ......................................... Food away from home 1 ......................................................... Other food away from home 1 2 ........................................... Alcoholic beverages ................................................................. 15.926 14.901 8.595 1.110 2.192 .965 1.218 1.094 2.016 .279 .232 1.504 .438 6.305 .218 1.025 217.098 217.090 217.594 251.448 209.515 212.841 284.612 160.850 187.467 188.914 207.069 201.632 121.589 218.147 151.321 215.728 218.141 218.120 218.600 253.561 210.314 211.808 283.549 163.265 188.806 189.574 208.973 203.138 123.026 219.219 152.910 216.953 6.2 6.4 7.5 12.7 6.1 3.3 8.3 5.4 8.4 7.6 18.3 6.9 6.6 4.9 5.6 3.7 .5 .5 .5 .8 .4 -.5 -.4 1.5 .7 .3 .9 .7 1.2 .5 1.1 .6 .6 .6 .8 .0 1.2 .3 1.9 .2 .7 .7 1.1 .6 .4 .4 .0 .4 .6 .6 .6 .9 .9 -.7 -.4 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.7 .9 .1 .5 .7 .5 .3 .3 .1 .7 .6 -1.1 -2.3 1.3 .6 .6 .6 .6 1.2 .5 1.1 .4 Housing ...................................................................................... Shelter ...................................................................................... Rent of primary residence 3 ................................................... Lodging away from home 2 .................................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 .................. Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ................................... Fuels and utilities ..................................................................... Household energy .................................................................. Fuel oil and other fuels ......................................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ................................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ................... Household furnishings and operations ..................................... Household operations 1 2 ....................................................... 39.994 30.397 7.979 1.233 20.888 .297 5.637 4.670 .323 4.347 .966 3.960 .339 213.954 240.163 243.741 142.591 229.670 120.279 226.709 206.544 345.907 209.442 154.628 124.500 152.850 213.156 240.517 244.624 140.763 230.028 120.258 219.325 198.191 317.012 201.651 156.005 124.719 152.612 3.5 2.4 3.5 -1.3 2.3 2.8 10.3 11.0 21.0 10.1 7.0 2.2 6.1 -.4 .1 .4 -1.3 .2 .0 -3.3 -4.0 -8.4 -3.7 .9 .2 -.2 .0 .1 .3 -1.0 .1 -.1 -1.0 -1.4 -5.6 -1.1 1.4 .2 .5 -.2 .2 .3 .8 .2 1.2 -2.6 -3.2 -5.8 -2.9 .3 .6 .5 .0 .1 .3 -1.2 .1 .0 -.5 -.8 -8.5 -.2 1.1 .0 -.2 Apparel ....................................................................................... Men’s and boys’ apparel .......................................................... Women’s and girls’ apparel ...................................................... Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel ................................................... Footwear .................................................................................. 3.998 1.031 1.619 .251 .821 120.990 112.973 112.304 115.764 124.873 121.957 115.495 111.880 118.496 126.352 .3 .7 -1.5 -1.0 1.6 .8 2.2 -.4 2.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 2.9 -1.3 -1.6 .0 -.3 .4 1.5 -.4 -1.2 -.4 -3.1 .3 .4 Transportation ............................................................................ Private transportation ............................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 ............................................. New vehicles ........................................................................ Used cars and trucks 1 ......................................................... Motor fuel ............................................................................... Gasoline (all types) .............................................................. Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ..................................... Motor vehicle maintenance and repair ................................... Public transportation ................................................................ 20.054 19.287 7.952 4.172 3.103 6.940 6.597 .446 1.169 .767 204.785 201.476 91.305 133.504 133.669 316.717 315.324 131.072 239.571 258.142 192.198 188.871 90.530 133.351 130.444 269.639 267.580 132.088 240.688 249.168 4.1 3.9 -2.9 -2.3 -5.3 12.3 12.0 7.5 5.8 7.8 -6.1 -6.3 -.8 -.1 -2.4 -14.9 -15.1 .8 .5 -3.5 -1.7 -1.8 -.4 -.5 -.3 -4.2 -4.2 1.0 .6 .8 -.7 -.7 -1.1 -.8 -1.8 -.8 -.6 .6 .4 -1.1 -6.0 -6.1 -1.1 -.5 -2.4 -13.9 -14.2 .8 .3 -3.3 Medical care ............................................................................... Medical care commodities ........................................................ Medical care services ............................................................... Professional services ............................................................. Hospital and related services 3 .............................................. 5.192 1.295 3.897 2.159 1.260 365.250 287.397 388.036 314.977 534.394 366.000 287.725 388.947 315.458 537.382 2.9 1.1 3.5 3.1 6.4 .2 .1 .2 .2 .6 .3 .2 .4 .3 .7 .3 .2 .4 .2 .6 .1 .1 .1 .1 .3 See footnotes at end of table. Table 4. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-W Relative importance, December 2007 Unadjusted indexes Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 2008 from— Oct. 2007 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Sep. 2008 July to Aug. Aug. to Sep. Sep. to Oct. Expenditure category Recreation 2 ............................................................................... Video and audio 2 .................................................................... 5.341 1.987 110.904 102.819 110.947 102.267 2.0 -.6 0.0 -.5 0.5 .4 0.2 .2 0.0 -.6 Education and communication 2 ................................................ Education 2 .............................................................................. Educational books and supplies ............................................. Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ................................ Communication 2 ..................................................................... Information and information processing 1 2 ............................ Telephone services 1 2 ......................................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 ............. Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ............ 5.987 2.377 .204 2.174 3.609 3.488 2.869 .619 .228 121.439 183.613 465.570 517.389 87.224 85.208 101.350 10.414 90.722 121.569 184.091 466.885 518.726 87.226 85.214 101.436 10.375 89.690 3.1 6.0 7.4 5.8 1.2 1.1 2.3 -4.6 -14.1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .0 .0 .1 -.4 -1.1 .2 .8 2.4 .7 -.1 -.2 .0 -.7 -1.9 .0 .3 .7 .2 -.2 -.2 .0 -1.1 -2.4 .2 .5 .3 .5 .0 .0 .1 -.4 -1.1 Other goods and services .......................................................... Tobacco and smoking products 1 ............................................ Personal care ........................................................................... Personal care products 1 ....................................................... Personal care services 1 ........................................................ Miscellaneous personal services ........................................... 3.508 1.183 2.325 .647 .560 .910 361.125 600.293 200.284 159.730 224.910 345.175 362.354 602.533 200.930 159.914 225.800 344.622 4.5 7.2 3.2 1.0 3.5 4.5 .3 .4 .3 .1 .4 -.2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .4 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .5 .3 .4 .2 .1 .4 -.1 44.745 15.926 28.819 17.315 3.998 13.318 11.504 55.255 30.100 .297 4.347 .966 .339 5.266 3.897 10.042 182.647 217.098 162.971 217.828 120.990 283.056 110.451 252.861 231.541 120.279 209.442 154.628 152.850 245.722 388.036 287.792 177.906 218.141 155.982 203.762 121.957 259.204 109.782 252.369 231.885 120.258 201.651 156.005 152.612 246.003 388.947 287.898 4.1 6.2 3.0 6.6 .3 8.5 -2.2 3.6 2.4 2.8 10.1 7.0 6.1 4.7 3.5 3.4 -2.6 .5 -4.3 -6.5 .8 -8.4 -.6 -.2 .1 .0 -3.7 .9 -.2 .1 .2 .0 -.6 .6 -1.2 -1.9 1.0 -2.6 -.3 .2 .1 -.1 -1.1 1.4 .5 .7 .4 .4 -.1 .6 -.5 -.9 .0 -1.6 -.7 -.1 .3 1.2 -2.9 .3 .5 .1 .4 .2 -2.7 .3 -4.4 -6.2 -1.2 -8.4 -.8 .1 .1 .0 -.2 1.1 -.2 -.2 .1 .1 85.099 69.603 94.808 29.844 18.341 14.343 33.241 25.155 51.358 11.610 88.390 73.489 22.581 7.264 50.908 214.361 208.068 208.563 164.937 218.010 276.112 218.725 245.787 242.868 259.864 210.325 209.329 141.428 319.507 257.411 $ .465 $ .156 210.949 204.149 205.726 158.132 204.734 254.473 211.680 244.331 242.316 232.106 210.649 209.511 141.375 272.894 257.774 $ .471 $ .158 3.4 4.5 3.9 3.0 6.4 8.2 6.3 5.0 3.6 11.7 2.9 2.1 .1 12.8 3.1 -1.6 -1.9 -1.4 -4.1 -6.1 -7.8 -3.2 -.6 -.2 -10.7 .2 .1 .0 -14.6 .1 -.3 -.3 -.2 -1.2 -1.8 -2.4 -.8 .2 .2 -3.2 .3 .2 .1 -4.3 .3 -.2 -.2 -.1 -.5 -.8 -1.4 -.2 -.4 -.1 -1.7 .2 .1 -.2 -1.1 .2 -1.5 -1.8 -1.3 -4.2 -5.9 -7.9 -3.0 -.2 .0 -9.0 .0 -.1 -.5 -13.7 .1 - - - - - Commodity and service group Commodities ................................................................................ Food and beverages .................................................................. Commodities less food and beverages ...................................... Nondurables less food and beverages ..................................... Apparel ................................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ................................................................................... Services ....................................................................................... Rent of shelter 4 ......................................................................... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ....................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ....................... Household operations 1 2 ........................................................... Transportation services .............................................................. Medical care services ................................................................. Other services ............................................................................ Special indexes All items less food ........................................................................ All items less shelter .................................................................... All items less medical care ........................................................... Commodities less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food and apparel ............................................. Nondurables ................................................................................. Services less rent of shelter 4 ...................................................... Services less medical care services ............................................ Energy .......................................................................................... All items less energy .................................................................... All items less food and energy ................................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ..................... Energy commodities ............................................................... Services less energy services .................................................. Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1982-84=$1.00) ........ Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1967=$1.00) ............. - 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1984=100 base 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 5. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-W 6 months ended— Jan. 2008 Apr. 2008 July 2008 Oct. 2008 212.361 7.7 2.4 11.9 217.401 217.375 218.085 252.230 209.114 213.317 288.190 160.916 187.670 189.095 207.065 201.892 121.589 218.147 151.321 216.292 218.005 217.962 218.328 254.031 210.380 211.048 281.464 163.076 188.794 190.215 208.358 203.095 123.026 219.219 152.910 217.149 4.5 4.6 5.5 7.6 2.4 2.0 16.3 3.7 3.4 3.8 12.2 1.7 1.0 3.4 2.4 3.2 6.1 6.3 8.1 20.2 3.1 4.3 2.8 7.7 12.5 11.5 27.2 10.5 11.1 3.9 4.8 3.6 213.851 239.715 243.215 142.928 229.239 118.894 228.472 208.571 371.762 210.473 154.174 124.141 152.083 213.496 240.297 243.875 144.035 229.663 120.279 222.522 202.000 350.353 204.284 154.652 124.860 152.850 213.543 240.616 244.675 142.329 229.991 120.258 221.400 200.368 320.577 203.862 156.289 124.842 152.612 3.5 3.5 4.2 6.2 3.4 2.6 5.7 5.6 76.4 .9 6.6 .8 4.4 118.892 112.842 107.177 115.245 126.005 120.050 113.971 110.267 113.771 124.021 120.102 113.679 110.689 115.496 123.558 118.614 113.184 107.308 115.890 124.008 Transportation ................................................................... Private transportation ...................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 .................................... New vehicles ............................................................... Used cars and trucks 1 ............................................... Motor fuel ...................................................................... Gasoline (all types) ..................................................... Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ............................ Motor vehicle maintenance and repair .......................... Public transportation ....................................................... 210.841 207.657 93.007 136.460 136.639 336.117 333.854 128.997 237.365 258.873 207.328 203.988 92.659 135.721 136.186 321.941 319.790 130.228 238.826 261.046 205.872 202.585 91.646 134.684 133.669 319.245 317.912 131.072 239.756 258.294 Medical care ...................................................................... Medical care commodities .............................................. Medical care services ..................................................... Professional services .................................................... Hospital and related services 3 ..................................... 363.864 286.207 386.607 314.053 530.663 364.964 286.645 387.963 315.066 534.373 366.132 287.227 389.352 315.757 537.382 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 All items .............................................................................. 215.507 215.130 214.946 Food and beverages ......................................................... Food ................................................................................ Food at home ................................................................ Cereals and bakery products ...................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..................................... Dairy and related products .......................................... Fruits and vegetables .................................................. Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ....... Other food at home ..................................................... Sugar and sweets ..................................................... Fats and oils .............................................................. Other foods ............................................................... Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ................................ Food away from home 1 ............................................... Other food away from home 1 2 .................................. Alcoholic beverages ........................................................ 214.883 214.813 215.085 249.875 204.852 214.042 283.919 158.971 184.409 184.838 201.406 198.916 121.015 216.177 150.232 214.434 216.195 216.160 216.812 249.930 207.265 214.768 289.447 159.322 185.692 186.049 203.666 200.172 121.443 217.002 150.301 215.219 Housing ............................................................................. Shelter ............................................................................. Rent of primary residence 3 .......................................... Lodging away from home 2 ........................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 ......... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ......................... Fuels and utilities ............................................................ Household energy ......................................................... Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................ Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .......... Household furnishings and operations ............................ Household operations 1 2 ............................................. 213.943 239.431 242.535 144.351 228.943 119.006 230.774 211.612 393.808 212.785 152.020 123.832 151.290 Apparel .............................................................................. Men’s and boys’ apparel ................................................. Women’s and girls’ apparel ............................................. Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel .......................................... Footwear ......................................................................... Apr. 2008 Oct. 2008 -5.7 5.0 2.7 8.2 8.6 10.2 16.9 8.1 13.1 19.3 -.2 7.9 3.2 19.8 6.9 7.8 6.5 8.1 2.9 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.8 11.2 -5.5 -3.4 10.7 9.9 12.2 14.5 8.7 6.8 5.7 7.3 5.2 5.3 5.4 6.8 13.7 2.8 3.2 9.4 5.7 7.9 7.6 19.4 6.0 5.9 3.6 3.6 3.4 7.1 7.3 8.1 11.8 9.7 3.4 7.3 5.1 8.9 7.6 17.1 7.8 7.3 6.1 7.7 4.0 4.6 1.7 2.9 -13.7 2.3 3.2 23.3 27.7 43.8 26.5 3.7 1.7 8.4 6.9 2.5 3.5 8.8 1.8 1.1 34.1 40.1 92.5 36.5 6.2 3.1 8.0 -.7 2.0 3.6 -5.5 1.8 4.3 -15.3 -19.6 -56.1 -15.7 11.7 3.3 3.5 4.0 2.6 3.5 -4.2 2.8 2.9 14.2 16.1 59.3 13.0 5.2 1.2 6.4 3.0 2.3 3.5 1.4 1.8 2.7 6.6 6.1 -8.1 7.3 8.9 3.2 5.8 5.6 5.0 6.7 4.8 2.9 -5.4 1.0 -18.0 -3.6 4.7 2.7 -4.3 7.0 -7.0 5.4 -.9 1.2 .5 2.3 -6.2 .0 3.0 -6.5 .5 3.8 .9 -1.6 3.7 -2.5 -.6 193.620 190.310 90.675 133.947 130.444 274.761 272.741 132.088 240.510 249.715 24.6 25.2 .0 -1.0 .7 82.2 82.6 5.3 5.3 9.7 -2.8 -3.3 -1.7 -2.1 -1.3 -8.5 -10.1 5.3 5.1 8.2 36.7 36.9 -.2 1.2 -2.8 113.9 115.2 9.7 7.5 31.3 -28.9 -29.5 -9.7 -7.2 -16.9 -55.3 -55.5 9.9 5.4 -13.4 10.0 10.0 -.9 -1.6 -.3 29.1 28.1 5.3 5.2 8.9 -1.4 -1.7 -5.0 -3.1 -10.2 -2.3 -2.1 9.8 6.4 6.6 366.635 287.613 389.891 316.135 539.145 5.4 5.5 5.4 3.8 9.5 1.4 .6 1.7 1.4 5.1 1.7 -3.4 3.4 4.4 4.6 3.1 2.0 3.4 2.7 6.5 3.4 3.0 3.5 2.6 7.2 2.4 -.7 3.4 3.5 5.6 Expenditure category See footnotes at end of table. Table 5. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-W 6 months ended— Jan. 2008 Apr. 2008 July 2008 Oct. 2008 111.021 102.257 1.3 1.5 1.2 -.9 2.4 -2.7 120.747 181.030 464.432 509.542 87.225 85.208 101.350 10.414 90.722 121.001 181.968 465.921 512.277 87.228 85.214 101.436 10.375 89.690 2.2 6.9 5.6 7.0 -1.2 -1.3 -.6 -5.0 -12.1 2.9 5.3 3.8 5.4 1.5 1.5 2.4 -2.4 -8.6 360.634 599.823 199.951 159.345 224.464 343.214 361.459 600.293 200.567 159.730 224.910 345.068 362.487 602.533 201.043 159.914 225.800 344.743 4.5 9.3 2.2 -.6 4.0 4.6 184.380 214.883 166.283 222.730 118.892 295.649 111.904 252.098 230.750 119.006 212.785 152.020 151.290 244.333 386.607 285.261 183.312 216.195 164.264 218.408 120.050 287.973 111.513 252.502 231.020 118.894 210.473 154.174 152.083 246.033 387.963 286.423 183.072 217.401 163.433 216.425 120.102 283.308 110.738 252.363 231.740 120.279 204.284 154.652 152.850 246.228 389.352 286.893 178.054 218.005 156.243 202.998 118.614 259.494 109.905 252.575 232.006 120.258 203.862 156.289 152.612 245.773 389.891 287.198 215.430 209.123 209.190 168.143 222.640 287.558 220.363 245.434 242.231 272.093 209.458 208.747 141.700 340.121 256.168 214.752 208.500 208.771 166.189 218.543 280.555 218.559 245.949 242.706 263.479 210.097 209.244 141.896 325.564 256.890 214.323 208.034 208.547 165.404 216.742 276.627 218.036 244.940 242.484 258.926 210.452 209.425 141.581 322.124 257.459 211.186 204.359 205.889 158.393 204.058 254.725 211.430 244.551 242.544 235.743 210.401 209.245 140.817 277.981 257.744 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Recreation 2 ...................................................................... Video and audio 2 ........................................................... 110.173 102.269 110.748 102.685 110.998 102.922 Education and communication 2 ....................................... Education 2 ..................................................................... Educational books and supplies ................................... Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ...................... Communication 2 ............................................................ Information and information processing 1 2 .................. Telephone services 1 2 ............................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 .... Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ... 120.439 179.067 450.380 504.965 87.490 85.484 101.375 10.600 94.691 120.740 180.563 461.173 508.443 87.369 85.355 101.339 10.525 92.931 Other goods and services ................................................. Tobacco and smoking products 1 ................................... Personal care .................................................................. Personal care products 1 .............................................. Personal care services 1 ............................................... Miscellaneous personal services .................................. 360.084 599.180 199.599 159.237 223.994 341.783 Apr. 2008 Oct. 2008 3.1 .0 1.2 .3 2.8 -1.4 5.6 5.2 5.9 5.1 5.9 5.6 7.5 -2.6 -15.7 1.9 6.6 14.5 5.9 -1.2 -1.3 .2 -8.2 -19.5 2.6 6.1 4.7 6.2 .1 .1 .8 -3.8 -10.3 3.7 5.9 10.1 5.5 2.3 2.1 3.8 -5.5 -17.6 4.5 2.5 5.6 3.6 5.1 6.0 6.4 15.2 2.0 -.9 1.6 4.0 2.7 2.3 2.9 1.7 3.3 3.5 4.5 5.8 3.9 1.5 4.6 5.3 4.5 8.6 2.5 .4 2.4 3.8 13.1 4.5 18.2 33.5 5.6 42.9 .6 3.4 3.5 2.6 .9 6.6 4.4 4.5 5.4 3.0 .5 6.1 -2.4 .3 -5.4 2.6 -1.8 4.0 1.5 3.2 26.5 3.7 8.4 3.5 1.7 3.2 19.0 8.2 25.4 39.6 2.7 59.5 -.4 6.3 2.5 1.1 36.5 6.2 8.0 8.8 3.4 4.8 -13.0 5.9 -22.1 -31.0 -.9 -40.7 -7.0 .8 2.2 4.3 -15.7 11.7 3.5 2.4 3.4 2.7 6.6 5.3 7.4 15.7 .0 21.1 -.6 3.7 2.5 2.9 13.0 5.2 6.4 4.0 3.5 3.1 1.7 7.1 -1.1 -1.9 .9 -2.7 -3.7 3.5 2.4 2.7 7.3 8.9 5.8 5.5 3.4 3.8 8.2 9.5 7.8 17.6 31.3 39.3 17.4 3.2 3.1 45.9 3.4 3.1 1.9 82.6 3.7 1.7 2.7 2.5 -2.2 .6 2.9 3.9 7.0 4.1 4.3 2.1 1.3 -.7 -6.7 2.2 12.5 16.1 12.5 24.5 37.5 55.1 23.7 11.8 6.9 81.3 4.1 3.2 1.7 112.9 3.8 -7.7 -8.8 -6.2 -21.3 -29.4 -38.4 -15.3 -1.4 .5 -43.7 1.8 1.0 -2.5 -55.4 2.5 4.9 6.1 5.1 7.2 14.9 19.8 10.4 5.1 3.6 23.4 2.8 2.2 .6 30.5 3.0 1.9 2.9 2.7 -1.0 -1.5 -2.3 2.4 5.0 3.7 1.1 2.9 2.1 -.4 -2.5 3.1 Expenditure category Commodity and service group Commodities ....................................................................... Food and beverages ......................................................... Commodities less food and beverages ............................. Nondurables less food and beverages ........................... Apparel .......................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .......... Durables .......................................................................... Services .............................................................................. Rent of shelter 4 ................................................................ Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ............................. Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ............................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .............. Household operations 1 2 ................................................. Transportation services ..................................................... Medical care services ....................................................... Other services ................................................................... Special indexes All items less food ............................................................... All items less shelter ........................................................... All items less medical care .................................................. Commodities less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food and apparel .................................... Nondurables ........................................................................ Services less rent of shelter 4 ............................................. Services less medical care services ................................... Energy ................................................................................. All items less energy ........................................................... All items less food and energy .......................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ........... Energy commodities ..................................................... Services less energy services ......................................... 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1984=100 base 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 6. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) All items CPI-W Indexes Percent change to Oct.2008 from— Pricing schedule 1 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 M 216.304 215.247 214.935 Northeast urban .............................................. Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ M M M 231.488 231.808 140.253 230.790 231.465 139.329 Midwest urban ................................................ Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... M M M 206.038 205.761 135.037 M South urban .................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... West urban ..................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Percent change to Sep.2008 from— Oct. 2007 Aug. 2008 Sep. 2008 Sep. 2007 July 2008 Aug. 2008 212.182 3.8 -1.4 -1.3 5.4 -0.6 -0.1 229.949 230.579 138.881 227.762 228.437 137.489 4.4 4.2 4.9 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 -.9 -1.0 5.7 5.4 6.5 -.7 -.5 -1.0 -.4 -.4 -.3 205.121 204.989 134.236 205.023 205.002 134.215 201.236 201.323 131.699 3.5 3.3 3.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 5.2 5.0 5.6 -.5 -.4 -.6 .0 .0 .0 205.452 204.812 204.064 200.017 3.6 -2.3 -2.0 5.4 -.7 -.4 M M M 211.438 214.379 134.952 210.362 213.439 134.179 210.572 213.579 134.285 207.312 210.663 132.017 4.0 3.8 3.7 -1.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.7 5.9 5.5 5.8 -.4 -.4 -.5 .1 .1 .1 M 216.901 216.031 216.762 213.696 6.3 -1.1 -1.4 7.7 -.1 .3 M M M 219.248 221.232 136.478 217.854 219.827 135.464 217.028 219.169 134.873 215.499 217.714 133.694 3.5 3.7 3.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.3 -.7 -.7 -.9 4.8 4.9 4.8 -1.0 -.9 -1.2 -.4 -.3 -.4 M M M 200.009 135.986 211.929 199.187 135.138 211.233 198.842 135.003 210.844 196.590 133.026 208.028 3.8 3.8 4.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 5.2 5.7 5.8 -.6 -.7 -.5 -.2 -.1 -.2 Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI ................... Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA ... New York-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA ......................................... M M 211.020 223.245 209.435 221.230 209.084 220.285 206.772 218.726 3.6 3.5 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -.7 4.8 5.0 -.9 -1.3 -.2 -.4 M 235.446 235.510 234.703 232.778 4.6 -1.2 -.8 5.6 -.3 -.3 Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT ..... Cleveland-Akron, OH ...................................... Dallas-Fort Worth, TX ..................................... Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV 6 ...... 1 1 1 1 240.511 198.063 210.830 141.622 - 238.133 197.260 209.666 141.679 - - - - 4.7 5.0 6.4 5.5 -1.0 -.4 -.6 .0 - Atlanta, GA ..................................................... Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI .............................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX .................... Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL ............................. Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD ........................................ San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ........... Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA .................... 2 2 2 2 - 211.113 205.492 193.206 224.597 - 205.236 200.570 190.600 222.038 2.3 2.2 3.9 4.0 -2.8 -2.4 -1.3 -1.1 - - - - 2 2 2 - 228.212 221.385 223.273 - 225.069 221.192 220.687 3.2 3.8 3.6 -1.4 -.1 -1.2 - - - - U.S. city average ............................................ Region and area size2 Size classes A 4 .............................................................. B/C 3 ........................................................... D ................................................................. Selected local areas5 1 Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. 2 Regions defined as the four Census regions. See technical notes. 3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 4 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 5 In addition, the following metropolitan areas are published semiannually and appear in Tables 34 and 39 of the January and July issues of the CPI Detailed Report: Anchorage, AK; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN; Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO; Honolulu, HI; Kansas City, MO-KS; Milwaukee-Racine, WI; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI; Phoenix-Mesa, AZ; Pittsburgh, PA; Portland-Salem, OR-WA; St. Louis, MO-IL; San Diego, CA; Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL. 6 Indexes on a November 1996=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 7. Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (December 1999=100, unless otherwise noted) C-CPI-U Relative importance, 2005-2006 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 2008 from— Unadjusted indexes Sep. 2008 Oct. 2008 Oct. 2007 Sep. 2008 Expenditure category All items ...................................................................................... 100.000 125.774 124.784 3.3 -0.8 Food and beverages ................................................................ Food ....................................................................................... Food at home ....................................................................... Food away from home .......................................................... Alcoholic beverages ............................................................... 14.726 13.648 7.557 6.091 1.077 127.824 128.041 126.023 130.741 125.484 128.468 128.694 126.691 131.377 126.005 5.9 6.1 7.2 4.7 3.7 .5 .5 .5 .5 .4 Housing .................................................................................... Shelter .................................................................................... Fuels and utilities .................................................................... Household furnishings and operations ................................... 42.421 32.409 5.004 5.008 129.521 130.655 168.047 96.455 129.104 130.711 162.945 96.520 3.0 2.2 9.8 1.2 -.3 .0 -3.0 .1 Apparel ..................................................................................... 3.988 89.952 90.870 .1 1.0 Transportation .......................................................................... Private transportation ............................................................. Public transportation ............................................................... 17.393 16.285 1.108 133.713 134.260 128.320 127.716 128.137 123.975 3.6 3.3 8.4 -4.5 -4.6 -3.4 Medical care ............................................................................. Medical care commodities ...................................................... Medical care services ............................................................. 6.085 1.615 4.470 142.011 125.116 148.349 142.298 125.280 148.686 2.7 1.2 3.2 .2 .1 .2 Recreation ................................................................................ 5.935 106.174 106.180 1.1 .0 Education and communication ................................................. Education ............................................................................... Communication ...................................................................... 6.196 2.771 3.425 109.058 172.330 74.072 109.190 172.818 74.066 2.7 5.8 .3 .1 .3 .0 Other goods and services ........................................................ 3.257 129.384 129.805 3.9 .3 58.427 41.573 11.817 29.756 77.561 8.790 133.734 115.828 82.250 133.796 117.985 218.818 133.507 113.919 81.889 130.954 118.058 197.346 3.4 3.1 -2.7 5.5 1.9 11.4 -.2 -1.6 -.4 -2.1 .1 -9.8 Commodity and service group Services ...................................................................................... Commodities .............................................................................. Durables ................................................................................... Nondurables ............................................................................... All items less food and energy ................................................. Energy ........................................................................................ Indexes for 2008 are initial estimates. Indexes for 2007 are interim adjustments. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
