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FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION: Patrick C. Jackman (202) 606-7000 USDL-96-473 CPI QUICKLINE: (202) 606-6994 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN FOR CURRENT AND HISTORICAL THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED INFORMATION: (202) 606-7828 UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EST) MEDIA CONTACT: (202) 606-5902 Thursday, November 14, 1996 INTERNET ADDRESS: http://stats.bls.gov/cpihome.htm CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: OCTOBER 1996 The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.3 percent before seasonal adjustment in October to a level of 158.3 (1982-84=100), the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. For the 12-month period ended in October, the CPIU increased 3.0 percent. The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) also rose 0.3 percent in October, prior to seasonal adjustment. The October 1996 CPI-W level of 155.5 was 3.0 percent higher than the index in October 1995. CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) On a seasonally adjusted basis, the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) rose 0.3 percent in October, the same as in September. The food index rose 0.6 percent in September, reflecting sharp increases in prices for dairy products and for fresh fruits and vegetables. The energy index registered its first increase since May, advancing 0.7 percent in October. The index for petroleum-based energy increased 1.4 percent, while the index for energy services was unchanged. Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U rose 0.2 percent, following a 0.3 percent increase in September. Declines in vehicle purchase costs and in the index for household furnishings and operation and a smaller increase in the index for airline fares more than offset a larger increase in shelter costs. Table A. Percent changes in CPI for Urban Consumers (CPI-U) Seasonally adjusted UnCompound adjusted Expenditure Changes from preceding month annual rate 12-mos. Category 1996 3-mos. Ended ended All Items Food and beverages Housing Apparel and upkeep Transportation Medical care Entertainment Other goods and services Special Indexes: Energy Food All items less food and energy Apr. .4 .3 .3 -.4 1.1 .3 -.1 .3 3.2 .3 .1 May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. .3 .1 .3 .1 .3 .3 .1 .7 .5 .3 .5 .6 .2 .1 .4 .2 .2 .3 .1 -.4 -.1 -1.4 .5 .5 .7 -.4 -.2 -.2 .5 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .4 .3 .1 .2 .1 .1 .4 Oct.'96 2.8 5.8 2.9 -1.8 1.7 2.5 1.3 Oct.'96 3.0 4.0 2.9 -.8 3.2 3.2 3.0 .2 .4 .3 .0 .4 3.2 3.8 1.1 -2.2 .1 .7 -.4 .5 -.6 .4 .0 .5 .7 .6 .4 6.1 5.7 4.0 .3 .1 .3 .2 2.4 2.6 .2 .2 During the first 10 months of 1996, the CPI-U rose at a 3.3 percent seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR). This compares with an increase of 2.5 percent for all of 1995. Increases in the food and energy components, which acted as moderating influences on overall consumer price movements throughout most of the past 5 years, have been responsible for the acceleration thus far in 1996. Energy costs, which declined last year, have increased at a 6.7 percent rate, with petroleumbased energy advancing at a 10.5 percent SAAR. The food index has risen at a 4.7 percent annual rate in the first 10 months after increasing 2.1 percent in all of 1995. Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U advanced at a 2.8 percent rate in the first 10 months of 1996. This compares with a 3.0 percent increase for all of 1995. The food and beverage index rose 0.6 percent in October. The recent surge in grocery store food prices continued in October with an advance of 0.7 percent, bringing the increase over the past 5 months to 3.4 percent. Increases in the indexes for dairy products and for fresh fruits and vegetables--up 1.7 and 2.4 percent, respectively--accounted for over three-fourths of the October advance. The index for dairy products has risen 8.6 percent in the past 5 months and 12.1 percent since October 1995. Prior to the October advance, the index for fresh fruits and vegetables had declined 0.5 percent in each of the 2 preceding months. Among the other major grocery store food groups, the index for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs increased 0.5 percent in October, following advances totaling 4.1 percent in the 4 months ended in September. The index for pork, which had increased 9.6 percent in the previous 5-month period, rose 0.1 percent in October. The indexes for beef and for poultry increased 0.6 and 0.8 percent, respectively. The index for cereal and bakery products rose 0.2 percent, the same as in September. The index for other food at home increased 0.1 percent in October. The other two components of the food and beverage index-restaurant meals and alcoholic beverages--increased 0.5 and 0.4 percent, respectively. The housing component rose 0.3 percent in October. Shelter costs increased 0.3 percent, following a rise of 0.2 percent in September. Within shelter, renters' costs and homeowners' costs each rose 0.3 percent, and maintenance and repair costs increased 0.2 percent. The index for fuel and other utilities rose 0.5 percent. Household fuels increased 0.7 percent, reflecting a 7.0 percent rise in the index for fuel oil. A 0.7 percent increase in charges for natural gas was offset by a 0.2 percent decline in the index for electricity. Among other utilities and public services, the index for cable television rose 0.5 percent in October to a level 7.7 percent higher than a year ago. The index for household furnishings and operation declined 0.1 percent in October, following increases of 0.2 percent in each of the preceding 2 months. The transportation index increased 0.1 percent in October, following a rise of 0.5 percent in September. The index for gasoline registered its first increase since May, advancing 0.7 percent in October after declining 8.0 percent in the preceding 4-month period. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, gasoline prices continued to fall--down 0.5 percent.) As of October, the gasoline index was 11.4 percent below its peak level of December 1990. Automobile purchase costs, which had risen substantially in September, declined in October. The index for new vehicles, which increased 0.6 percent in September, fell 0.2 percent in October. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, new vehicle prices rose 0.4 percent. As of October, nearly 30 percent of the new vehicle sample was represented by 1997 models. The 1997 models will continue to be phased in over the next several months as they replace old models at dealerships. For a report on quality changes for the 1997 vehicles, see news release USDL-96-472, dated November 13, 1996.) The index for automobile finance charges declined 0.3 percent in October, its first decrease since February. The index for used cars also turned down in October, declining 0.3 percent after increasing 0.3 percent in September. The index for airline fares, which increased 2.9 percent in September, rose 1.9 percent in October. The index for apparel and upkeep rose 0.5 percent in October, the same as in September after declining 1.4 percent in August. The proportion of higher priced fall-winter wear in the sample in September and October was about normal in contrast to August, which was characterized by the slower than usual introduction of the seasonal clothing. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, clothing prices rose 1.7 percent in October.) Medical care costs rose 0.2 percent in October to a level 3.2 percent above a year ago. The index for medical care commodities--prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and medical supplies--increased 0.5 percent in October. The index for medical care services rose 0.2 percent. Charges for professional services and hospital and related services increased 0.3 and 0.1 percent, respectively. Entertainment costs rose 0.1 percent in October, the same as in September. Declines in the index for admissions (to movies, theaters, concerts, etc.), for fees for participant sports, and for sporting goods partially offset small to moderate increases in most other entertainment components. The index for other goods and services, which was virtually unchanged in September, increased 0.4 percent in October. The index for personal and educational expenses, which declined 0.2 percent in September, rose 0.4 percent in October. The index for tobacco products increased 0.7 percent for the second consecutive month in October. CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers rose 0.3 percent in October. Table B. Percent changes in CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) Seasonally adjusted UnCompound adjusted Expenditure Changes from preceding month annual rate 12-mos. Category 1996 3-mos. ended ended Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Oct. '96 Oct. '96 All Items .4 .3 .1 .2 .1 .3 .3 2.6 3.0 Food and beverages .3 .1 .7 .4 .4 .5 .5 5.9 4.0 Housing .3 .2 .1 .4 .2 .1 .2 2.2 2.8 Apparel and upkeep -.2 .2 -.6 .0 -1.5 .5 .4 -2.7 -.7 Transportation 1.1 .6 -.6 -.4 -.1 .4 .2 2.0 3.2 Medical care .3 .3 .3 .3 .1 .2 .2 2.3 3.2 Entertainment -.1 .4 .3 .0 .3 .1 .1 1.5 3.0 Other goods and services .3 .4 .1 .4 .2 .2 .5 3.6 3.6 Special Indexes: Energy 3.3 1.1 -2.0 -.9 -.5 .0 .8 1.1 6.1 Food .3 .1 .8 .5 .3 .5 .6 5.9 4.0 All items less food and energy .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .3 .2 2.2 2.5 Consumer Price Index data for November are scheduled for release on Thursday, December 12, 1996, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). Changing the Hospital and Related Services Component of the Consumer Price Index Effective with the release of data for January 1997, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will introduce improvements in the way in which the Hospital and related services component of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is calculated. Two complementary changes will be made: Items within the hospital and related services component will be reclassified into two main groups, or item strata--Hospital services and Nursing home services, instead of the current three--Hospital rooms, Other inpatient services, and Hospital outpatient services. The definition of the specific items selected for pricing within individual hospitals will be broadened substantially. These newly defined items will be reselected using new procedures in the majority of the hospitals from which price data currently are collected for the CPI. Additional information on these changes will be published in the June 1996 CPI Detailed Report and is available on the Internet. (Go to gopher://stats.bls.gov and access /pub/special.requests/cpi/hospital.txt.) This information may also be obtained by writing to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price Indexes, 2 Massachusetts Ave. NE, Room 3260, Washington, DC 20212, or by telephoning Elaine Cardenas at (202) 606-6985 ext. 251 Improving the Procedures for Substitute Items Effective for the CPI to replace an item it has been pricing, the CPI field agent finds a replacement item. The object of the substitution process is to find the item in the outlet that is most similar to the one the CPI had been following. About 3.5 percent of all pricing result in substitutions. Whenever there is a substitution, a CPI analyst determines if the new item is comparable to, that is, not significantly different from, the item it replaces. If the item is judged comparable, there is no break in the series or change in the item's weight. About 55 percent of substitutions are comparable. If the substitute is not comparable to the previous item, the analyst may be able to determine the value of the difference and make a quality adjustment to keep the series continuous. CPI analysts adjust for quality in about 15 percent of the substitutions. However, about 30 percent of the substitutes are neither comparable nor adjustable. In this case, the CPI had started the item's series anew and recalculated its base period price, and hence the implicit quantity weight, using the price of the substitute item. This created a situation in which the item's weight was not independent of its probability of price change. Effective with the CPI for July 1996, the CPI will--except in rare and extreme cases--no longer recalculate the base period price of a noncomparable substitute item. Instead, the CPI will use the originally calculated weight for the item throughout the life of that item series. For more details, see "Improving CPI Item Substitution Procedures" in the July 1996 issue of the CPI Detailed Report. New Seasonal Adjustment Method to be Implemented Effective with the release of revised seasonally adjusted data for 19921996 on February 14, 1997, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will begin using X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment software (developed by the Bureau of the Census) for performing Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment (IASA) for selected CPI series. The X-12 ARIMA methodology incorporates a number of technical enhancements that improve the estimation of seasonal factors. This change will affect 20 CPI series. In addition, all remaining Consumer Price Index series requiring seasonal adjustment will be processed using X-12-ARIMA software beginning in February 1998. Seasonal adjustment methods in the Producer Price Index will change in similar fashion. For more information, please contact Claire Gallagher on (202) 606-6968. Recalculated Seasonally Adjusted Indexes to be Available on February 14, 1997 Each year with the release of the January CPI, seasonal adjustment factors are recalculated to reflect price movements from the justcompleted calendar year. This routine annual recalculation may result in revisions to seasonally adjusted indexes for the previous 5 years. BLS will make available recalculated seasonally adjusted indexes, as well as recalculated seasonal adjustment factors, for the period January 1992 through December 1996, at 8:30 a.m. on Friday, February 14, 1997. Seasonal factors for 1997 for directly adjusted series will also be available. This date is two working days before the scheduled release of the January 1997 CPI on Wednesday, February 19, 1997. The revised indexes and seasonal factors will be available on the internet at gopher://stats.bls.gov. Choose the "special requests" directory, and then the "cpi" directory. The revised seasonal data will be in the file revseas.cpi. For further information please contact Claire McAnaw Gallagher or Richard Kerr on (202) 606-6968. Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Relative Unadjusted indexes importance, December Sept. Oct. 1995 1996 1996 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 1996 fromOct. 1995 Sept. 1996 Seasonally adjusted percent change fromJuly to Aug. to Sept. to Aug. Sept. Oct. Expenditure category All items .................................. All items (1967=100) ....................... 100.000 - 157.8 472.7 158.3 474.1 3.0 - 0.3 - 0.1 - 0.3 - 0.3 - Food and beverages ....................... Food ................................... Food at home ......................... Cereals and bakery products ........ Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..... Dairy products ..................... Fruits and vegetables .............. Other food at home ................. Sugar and sweets ................. Fats and oils .................... Nonalcoholic beverages ........... Other prepared food .............. Food away from home .................. Alcoholic beverages .................... 17.332 15.766 9.880 1.473 2.936 1.169 1.936 2.365 .327 .248 .763 1.027 5.886 1.566 155.0 154.6 155.9 174.7 147.2 146.7 183.6 143.6 145.4 141.5 127.9 157.5 153.5 159.5 155.8 155.4 156.8 175.1 147.9 149.3 185.1 143.9 145.7 141.6 127.6 158.5 154.2 160.1 4.0 4.0 4.7 3.6 5.0 12.1 4.5 1.9 4.7 2.4 -2.5 4.2 2.8 3.4 .5 .5 .6 .2 .5 1.8 .8 .2 .2 .1 -.2 .6 .5 .4 .3 .4 .5 .0 .9 2.0 -.3 -.1 -.2 .8 .5 -.5 .2 .3 .5 .5 .6 .2 1.1 1.7 -.1 .5 1.0 .6 -.6 1.0 .3 .5 .6 .6 .7 .2 .5 1.7 1.5 .1 -.1 -.2 -.5 .6 .5 .4 + + + + + + + + + + Housing .................................. Shelter ................................ Renters' costs 1/ .................... _ Rent, residential .................. Other renters' costs ............... Homeowners' costs 1/ ................. _ Owners' equivalent rent 1/ ......... _ Household insurance 1/ ............. _ Maintenance and repairs 2/ ........... _ Maintenance and repair services 2/ . _ Maintenance and repair commodities 2/ ................. _ Fuel and other utilities ............... Fuels ................................ Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities .................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)....................... Other utilities and public services 2/ ...................... _ Household furnishings and operation .... Housefurnishings ..................... Housekeeping supplies ................ Housekeeping services ................ 41.346 28.289 7.988 153.9 172.0 180.9 154.0 172.5 181.3 2.9 3.1 3.4 .1 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .3 .3 .3 5.762 2.227 20.102 162.9 214.8 177.5 163.3 214.9 178.1 2.8 4.8 2.9 .2 .0 .3 .1 -.1 .2 .2 -.1 .2 .2 .7 .3 19.716 177.9 178.4 2.9 .3 .1 .2 .3 .386 162.3 163.4 4.0 .7 .1 .3 .8 .199 139.9 140.2 2.9 .2 .2 .1 .2 .122 147.4 147.3 3.9 -.1 .5 .2 -.1 .077 129.5 130.5 1.2 .8 -.4 -.1 .8 7.014 3.792 129.8 118.4 128.7 116.2 3.9 4.2 -.8 -1.9 .4 .5 .2 .2 .5 .7 .356 95.6 102.9 18.4 7.6 .5 3.6 6.3 3.436 126.2 122.7 2.8 -2.8 .6 -.1 .0 3.222 158.3 158.6 3.3 .2 .3 .2 .2 6.043 3.445 1.116 1.482 125.1 111.5 141.2 149.4 125.0 111.1 141.6 149.9 .9 -.5 1.7 3.6 -.1 -.4 .3 .3 .2 .3 .1 .0 .2 .2 .1 .5 -.1 -.3 .0 .5 Apparel and upkeep ....................... Apparel commodities .................... Men's and boys' apparel .............. Women's and girls' apparel............ Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ .... _ Footwear ............................. Other apparel commodities ............ Apparel services 2/ .................... _ 5.516 4.967 1.303 2.195 .195 131.5 127.8 127.4 123.6 131.4 133.4 130.0 129.2 127.1 128.5 -.8 -1.1 .6 -2.7 -1.9 1.4 1.7 1.4 2.8 -2.2 -1.4 -1.5 .2 -2.7 -.5 .5 .5 -.8 1.0 5.0 .5 .5 .3 .9 -2.2 .732 .542 .550 126.7 151.9 160.4 128.0 152.0 160.6 .4 -.7 2.3 1.0 .1 .1 -.6 -2.3 .3 -.2 1.5 .1 .6 .1 .1 + + + Transportation ........................... Private transportation ................. New vehicles ......................... New cars ........................... Used cars ............................ Motor fuel ........................... Gasoline ........................... Maintenance and repairs .............. Other private transportation ......... Other private transportation commodities .................... Other private transportation services ....................... Public transportation .................. 16.953 15.430 5.027 4.015 1.342 2.908 1.535 4.618 143.2 140.0 143.2 141.0 157.0 106.2 105.7 160.0 174.1 143.9 140.5 143.8 141.5 157.0 105.9 105.2 160.5 175.4 3.2 3.1 2.1 2.1 -.1 7.7 7.3 3.3 2.0 .5 .4 .4 .4 .0 -.3 -.5 .3 .7 -.2 -.2 .1 .3 .0 -2.0 -2.0 .3 .5 .5 .3 .6 .5 .3 -.3 -.4 .8 .3 .1 .1 -.2 -.2 -.3 .8 .7 .4 -.1 .608 105.0 105.0 .0 .0 .1 .2 .0 4.010 1.523 190.3 184.6 192.0 187.2 2.3 4.8 .9 1.4 .5 -.1 .4 2.0 -.2 1.2 Medical care ............................. Medical care commodities ............... Medical care services .................. Professional medical services ........ 7.362 1.282 6.081 3.465 229.4 211.2 233.6 209.6 230.1 212.4 234.2 210.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.6 .3 .6 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 .5 .2 .3 Entertainment ............................ Entertainment commodities .............. Entertainment services ................. 4.367 1.975 2.392 159.8 143.3 179.1 159.8 143.6 178.9 3.0 2.9 3.1 .0 .2 -.1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .0 .1 .1 .3 .0 Other goods and services ................. Tobacco and smoking products ........... Personal care 2/ ....................... _ Toilet goods and personal care appliances 2/ .................... _ Personal care services 2/ ............ _ Personal and educational expenses ...... School books and supplies ............ Personal and educational services .... 7.123 1.610 1.170 218.3 234.1 150.8 218.8 235.3 150.9 3.8 3.2 1.6 .2 .5 .1 .3 .0 .3 .0 .7 .2 .4 .7 .1 .613 145.1 144.6 .1 -.3 .4 .1 -.3 .557 157.2 157.9 3.2 .4 .1 .4 .4 4.342 .258 4.084 252.1 229.9 254.0 252.5 230.5 254.3 4.6 5.9 4.6 .2 .3 .1 .5 1.2 .5 -.2 .0 -.3 .4 .7 .4 100.000 42.916 17.332 25.584 15.075 4.967 157.8 140.3 155.0 131.4 133.0 127.8 158.3 141.0 155.8 132.1 134.0 130.0 3.0 2.8 4.0 2.0 2.7 -1.1 .3 .5 .5 .5 .8 1.7 .1 -.1 .3 -.4 -.8 -1.5 .3 .4 .5 .3 .2 .5 .3 .4 .6 .2 .5 .5 Commodity and service group All items .................................. Commodities .............................. Food and beverages ..................... Commodities less food and beverages .... Nondurables less food and beverages .. Apparel commodities ................ + + Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ............................. Services ................................. Rent of shelter 1/ ..................... _ Household services less rent of shelter 1/ ......................... _ Transportation services ................ Medical care services .................. Other services ......................... 10.108 10.509 57.084 27.671 138.7 129.2 175.6 179.0 139.2 129.3 175.8 179.4 4.6 .9 3.2 3.0 .4 .1 .1 .2 -.4 .1 .2 .3 -.1 .3 .2 .1 .7 -.1 .3 .2 8.681 144.6 143.2 3.2 -1.0 .3 .3 .1 7.068 6.081 7.583 181.6 233.6 203.9 183.2 234.2 204.0 3.1 3.2 3.8 .9 .3 .0 .3 .2 .3 .8 .2 .0 .3 .2 .2 84.234 71.711 79.898 158.4 153.8 158.9 158.8 154.2 159.4 2.8 2.9 3.0 .3 .3 .3 .1 .0 .0 .2 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 92.638 27.150 16.641 11.674 32.407 29.414 153.8 132.5 134.5 139.8 144.1 184.6 154.2 133.2 135.5 140.3 145.1 184.6 2.9 2.1 2.7 4.5 3.3 3.4 .3 .5 .7 .4 .7 .0 .1 -.4 -.7 -.3 -.2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 .3 .4 .3 .2 .6 .6 .5 .1 51.004 6.700 93.300 77.534 170.2 111.7 164.0 166.4 170.4 110.5 164.7 167.0 3.2 5.7 2.8 2.6 .1 -1.1 .4 .4 .2 -.6 .1 .1 .4 .0 .3 .3 .2 .7 .3 .2 23.885 3.264 53.648 141.4 105.2 180.7 142.0 105.8 181.2 1.1 8.8 3.2 .4 .6 .3 -.1 -1.6 .2 .4 .1 .2 .1 1.4 .3 - $.634 $.632 -2.9 -.3 -.2 -.3 -.3 - .212 .211 - - - - Special indexes All items less food ........................ All items less shelter ..................... All items less homeowners' costs 1/ ........ + _ All items less medical care ................ Commodities less food ...................... Nondurables less food ...................... Nondurables less food and apparel .......... Nondurables ................................ Services less rent of shelter 1/ ........... + _ Services less medical care services ........ Energy ..................................... All items less energy ...................... All items less food and energy ........... Commodities less food and energy commodities ................. Energy commodities ................... Services less energy services .......... Purchasing power of the consumer dollar: 1982-84=$1.00 2/ ......................... + _ 1967=$1.00 2/ ............................ + _ + + 1/ _ 2/ Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. Not seasonally adjusted. - + _ NOTE: Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Seasonally adjusted indexes July 1996 Aug. 1996 Sept. 1996 Oct. 1996 Jan. 1996 Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended6 months endedApr. July Oct. Apr. Oct. 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996 Expenditure category All items .................................... + + - - - - 2.6 3.9 2.6 2.8 3.3 2.7 Food and beverages ......................... Food ..................................... Food at home ........................... Cereals and bakery products .......... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ....... Dairy products ....................... Fruits and vegetables ................ Other food at home ................... Sugar and sweets ................... Fats and oils ...................... Nonalcoholic beverages ............. Other prepared food ................ Food away from home .................... Alcoholic beverages ...................... 154.1 153.8 154.8 174.3 144.5 142.0 186.9 143.1 144.5 139.9 128.3 156.8 152.8 158.5 154.6 154.4 155.5 174.3 145.8 144.8 186.3 143.0 144.2 141.0 129.0 156.0 153.1 158.9 155.3 155.1 156.5 174.7 147.4 147.2 186.1 143.7 145.6 141.9 128.2 157.6 153.5 159.7 156.3 156.1 157.6 175.1 148.1 149.7 188.9 143.8 145.4 141.6 127.5 158.5 154.2 160.3 1.1 .8 .3 6.5 3.5 5.5 -12.2 1.1 7.4 2.9 -3.9 2.7 1.6 2.3 4.0 4.3 5.1 2.3 -1.7 5.1 21.1 2.9 1.7 .3 .6 5.6 2.7 4.2 5.1 5.1 6.4 3.5 8.8 15.1 7.2 1.7 7.2 1.4 -4.2 4.2 3.2 2.6 5.8 6.1 7.4 1.8 10.3 23.5 4.3 2.0 2.5 4.9 -2.5 4.4 3.7 4.6 2.5 2.5 2.7 4.4 .9 5.3 3.1 2.0 4.5 1.6 -1.7 4.1 2.1 3.3 5.5 5.6 6.9 2.7 9.5 19.2 5.7 1.8 4.8 3.2 -3.4 4.3 3.5 3.6 Housing .................................... Shelter .................................. Renters' costs 1/ ...................... _ Rent, residential .................... Other renters' costs ................. Homeowners' costs 1/ ................... _ Owners' equivalent rent 1/ ........... 152.9 171.2 180.2 153.2 171.4 180.3 153.5 171.7 180.5 154.0 172.3 181.1 3.2 3.6 3.5 2.9 2.6 3.2 2.7 3.6 4.8 2.9 2.6 2.0 3.1 3.1 3.3 2.8 3.1 3.4 162.3 217.1 176.7 162.5 216.8 177.0 162.9 216.5 177.4 163.3 218.0 177.9 3.1 4.5 3.5 2.3 5.8 2.5 3.5 7.3 3.0 2.5 1.7 2.7 2.7 5.2 3.0 3.0 4.5 2.9 177.1 177.3 177.7 178.2 3.7 2.5 3.0 2.5 3.1 2.7 + + + + + + + + _ Household insurance 1/ ............... _ Maintenance and repairs 2/ ............. _ Maintenance and repair services 2/ ... _ Maintenance and repair commodities 2/ _ Fuel and other utilities ................. Fuels .................................. Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities ...................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)......................... Other utilities and public services 2/ . _ Household furnishings and operation ...... Housefurnishings ....................... Housekeeping supplies .................. Housekeeping services .................. 161.4 161.6 162.1 163.4 2.6 4.1 4.3 5.0 3.3 4.7 139.4 139.7 139.9 140.2 .0 5.1 4.1 2.3 2.5 3.2 146.3 147.1 147.4 147.3 .8 4.9 7.1 2.8 2.8 4.9 130.1 129.6 129.5 130.5 -.9 4.4 .3 1.2 1.7 .8 127.5 114.2 128.0 114.8 128.3 115.0 128.9 115.8 2.9 3.3 5.9 8.5 2.2 -.3 4.5 5.7 4.4 5.8 3.3 2.6 93.8 94.3 97.7 103.9 40.0 26.1 -26.2 50.5 32.9 5.4 121.7 157.5 122.4 158.0 122.3 158.3 122.3 158.6 .0 2.4 6.9 2.6 2.7 5.5 2.0 2.8 3.4 2.5 2.3 4.2 124.5 110.9 141.1 148.6 124.7 111.2 141.3 148.6 125.0 111.4 141.4 149.3 124.9 111.1 141.4 150.1 2.0 .7 4.1 2.5 .3 -.7 2.6 2.2 .0 -2.8 -.8 5.9 1.3 .7 .9 4.1 1.1 .0 3.3 2.4 .6 -1.1 .0 5.0 Apparel and upkeep ......................... Apparel commodities ...................... Men's and boys' apparel ................ Women's and girls' apparel ............. Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ ...... _ Footwear ............................... Other apparel commodities .............. Apparel services 2/....................... _ 131.7 128.0 127.4 124.5 125.7 129.9 126.1 127.6 121.1 125.1 130.5 126.7 126.6 122.3 131.4 131.1 127.3 127.0 123.4 128.5 3.1 2.8 3.5 5.8 1.5 -2.7 -3.0 2.5 -9.9 6.9 -1.5 -2.2 -2.2 -2.2 -21.9 -1.8 -2.2 -1.2 -3.5 9.2 .2 -.2 3.0 -2.4 4.2 -1.7 -2.2 -1.7 -2.9 -7.6 127.2 151.8 159.9 126.4 148.3 160.3 126.1 150.5 160.4 126.8 150.6 160.6 -5.0 3.2 3.1 6.2 -3.1 1.5 2.2 .0 2.8 -1.3 -3.1 1.8 .5 .0 2.3 .5 -1.6 2.3 Transportation ............................. Private transportation ................... New vehicles ........................... New cars ............................. Used cars .............................. Motor fuel ............................. Gasoline ............................. Maintenance and repairs ................ Other private transportation ........... Other private transportation commodities ...................... Other private transportation 143.4 140.4 144.0 141.7 155.7 106.6 106.0 158.2 174.1 143.1 140.1 144.2 142.1 155.7 104.5 103.9 158.6 174.9 143.8 140.5 145.0 142.8 156.2 104.2 103.5 159.8 175.5 144.0 140.7 144.7 142.5 155.8 105.0 104.2 160.4 175.3 1.4 3.9 .8 1.2 7.1 16.5 16.6 3.4 -.5 9.8 9.0 2.3 2.0 .8 41.1 40.2 1.5 2.1 .3 -1.1 3.1 2.9 -8.0 -12.8 -13.1 2.8 3.8 1.7 .9 2.0 2.3 .3 -5.9 -6.6 5.7 2.8 5.5 6.4 1.6 1.6 3.9 28.2 27.9 2.5 .8 1.0 -.1 2.5 2.6 -4.0 -9.4 -9.9 4.2 3.3 104.9 105.0 105.2 105.2 -.8 .4 -.8 1.1 -.2 .2 + + + services ......................... Public transportation .................... 190.6 183.5 191.5 183.4 192.3 187.1 192.0 189.3 -.6 -22.4 2.6 19.4 4.3 14.7 3.0 13.3 1.0 -3.7 3.6 14.0 Medical care ............................... Medical care commodities ................. Medical care services .................... Professional medical services .......... 228.9 210.7 232.9 208.5 229.4 211.1 233.4 209.2 229.8 211.4 233.8 209.8 230.3 212.4 234.2 210.4 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.2 2.9 3.3 2.6 3.2 3.4 2.5 3.7 3.3 2.5 3.3 2.3 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.7 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.5 Entertainment .............................. Entertainment commodities ................ Entertainment services ................... 159.3 143.1 178.5 159.6 143.3 178.7 159.7 143.3 178.9 159.8 143.7 178.9 4.2 4.7 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.0 2.8 1.7 4.4 1.3 1.7 .9 3.8 4.0 3.4 2.0 1.7 2.6 Other goods and services ................... Tobacco and smoking products ............. Personal care 2/ ......................... _ Toilet goods and personal care appliances 2/ ...................... _ Personal care services 2/ .............. _ Personal and educational expenses ........ School books and supplies .............. Personal and educational services ...... 216.8 233.1 150.0 217.5 233.0 150.5 217.6 234.6 150.8 218.5 236.2 150.9 3.5 -.9 1.6 4.6 4.1 1.6 4.2 4.2 .8 3.2 5.4 2.4 4.0 1.6 1.6 3.7 4.8 1.6 144.4 145.0 145.1 144.6 -1.9 1.4 .6 .6 -.3 .6 156.3 156.5 157.2 157.9 5.3 1.8 1.6 4.2 3.6 2.8 248.8 226.2 250.4 250.1 229.0 251.6 249.5 229.0 250.9 250.4 230.5 251.8 5.6 8.5 5.4 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.0 1.8 5.1 2.6 7.8 2.3 5.6 7.1 5.6 3.8 4.8 3.7 140.0 154.1 131.4 132.8 128.0 139.8 154.6 130.9 131.8 126.1 140.4 155.3 131.3 132.0 126.7 140.9 156.3 131.6 132.7 127.3 2.6 2.9 1.1 4.1 7.3 2.8 3.9 5.0 4.0 5.6 7.8 -3.0 2.6 .6 5.1 -2.4 -3.8 -2.2 2.8 2.6 5.8 .6 -.3 -2.2 3.3 4.0 2.5 4.9 7.6 -.2 2.7 1.6 5.5 -.9 -2.1 -2.2 138.4 129.2 174.7 178.3 137.8 129.3 175.0 178.8 137.7 129.7 175.4 179.0 138.7 129.6 175.9 179.4 8.4 1.9 2.4 3.5 15.3 1.2 3.5 2.8 -5.0 -.6 4.2 3.4 .9 1.2 2.8 2.5 11.8 1.6 3.0 3.1 -2.1 .3 3.5 3.0 142.4 142.8 143.2 143.4 1.2 4.1 4.6 2.8 2.6 3.7 181.0 232.9 202.5 181.6 233.4 203.2 183.0 233.8 203.1 183.5 234.2 203.5 -5.3 4.3 4.8 6.1 2.6 4.3 6.2 3.7 4.3 5.6 2.3 2.0 .2 3.5 4.5 5.9 3.0 3.1 Commodity and service group All items .................................... Commodities ................................ Food and beverages ....................... Commodities less food and beverages ...... Nondurables less food and beverages .... Apparel commodities .................. Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel ...................... Durables ............................... Services ................................... Rent of shelter 1/ ....................... + _ Household services less rent of shelter 1/ ........................ + _ Transportation services .................. Medical care services .................... Other services ........................... Special indexes All items less food .......................... All items less shelter ....................... All items less homeowners' costs 1/ .......... + _ All items less medical care .................. Commodities less food ........................ Nondurables less food ........................ Nondurables less food and apparel ............ Nondurables .................................. Services less rent of shelter 1/ ............. + _ Services less medical care services .......... Energy ....................................... All items less energy ........................ All items less food and energy ............. Commodities less food and energy commodities .......................... Energy commodities ..................... Services less energy services ............ 157.7 153.1 158.3 157.8 153.1 158.3 158.1 153.7 158.8 158.6 154.2 159.4 2.9 2.2 2.3 4.2 4.6 4.4 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.9 2.8 3.5 3.4 3.4 2.2 2.6 2.7 153.0 132.6 134.3 139.2 143.7 182.9 153.1 132.1 133.4 138.8 143.4 183.5 153.5 132.6 133.7 139.1 143.8 184.2 154.0 132.9 134.5 140.0 144.5 184.4 2.7 4.1 6.9 8.0 4.4 1.6 4.0 5.3 7.4 12.2 5.8 4.1 2.7 -2.1 -3.2 -3.9 1.1 4.3 2.6 .9 .6 2.3 2.2 3.3 3.4 4.7 7.2 10.1 5.1 2.8 2.6 -.6 -1.3 -.9 1.7 3.8 169.1 109.8 163.6 166.1 169.4 109.1 163.8 166.2 170.0 109.1 164.3 166.7 170.4 109.9 164.8 167.1 2.0 8.7 2.3 2.2 3.9 22.0 2.8 2.7 3.9 -6.0 3.2 2.9 3.1 .4 3.0 2.4 2.9 15.2 2.5 2.5 3.5 -2.8 3.1 2.7 141.2 105.2 180.0 141.0 103.5 180.4 141.5 103.6 180.8 141.6 105.0 181.3 2.3 19.1 2.5 .9 39.3 3.4 .0 -14.5 4.1 1.1 -.8 2.9 1.6 28.8 3.0 .6 -7.9 3.5 + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ NOTE: Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. Not seasonally adjusted. Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Area + Pricing schedule 1/ _ Indexes July 1996 Aug. 1996 Sept. 1996 Oct. 1996 Percent change to Oct. 1996 fromOct. Aug. Sept. 1995 1996 1996 Percent change to Sept. 1996 fromSept. July Aug. 1995 1996 1996 U.S. city average ...................... + M 157.0 157.3 157.8 158.3 3.0 0.6 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.3 Northeast urban......................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 500,000 to 1,200,000 ....... Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 .......... M M M M 163.4 164.1 161.8 161.5 164.0 164.7 162.2 161.8 164.6 165.4 162.2 162.2 165.1 165.7 162.4 163.8 3.0 2.9 2.5 3.5 .7 .6 .1 1.2 .3 .2 .1 1.0 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.3 .7 .8 .2 .4 .4 .4 .0 .2 North Central urban .................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 ....... Size C - 50,000 to 360,000 .......... Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M M 153.2 153.7 152.4 154.6 153.4 154.0 152.8 154.7 154.0 154.5 153.3 155.4 154.4 154.8 154.0 156.5 3.2 3.0 3.8 3.3 .7 .5 .8 1.2 .3 .2 .5 .7 3.1 2.8 3.7 3.2 .5 .5 .6 .5 .4 .3 .3 .5 M 150.4 150.4 151.0 151.1 3.5 .5 .1 3.2 .4 .4 South urban Size A Size B Size C Size D - ............................ More than 1,200,000 ........ 450,000 to 1,200,000 ....... 50,000 to 450,000 .......... Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M M 154.0 153.2 156.7 153.7 154.1 153.1 156.9 154.0 154.5 153.5 157.3 154.4 154.9 153.7 157.7 154.8 2.9 2.5 3.3 2.9 .5 .4 .5 .5 .3 .1 .3 .3 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.3 .3 .2 .4 .5 .3 .3 .3 .3 M 152.5 152.6 153.2 154.3 3.6 1.1 .7 3.2 .5 .4 West urban ............................. Size A - More than 1,250,000 ........ Size C - 50,000 to 330,000 .......... M M M 157.9 158.0 162.4 158.0 158.1 162.6 158.6 158.7 163.0 159.1 159.2 163.2 2.9 2.8 3.4 .7 .7 .4 .3 .3 .1 2.9 2.7 3.4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 M 141.7 141.9 142.4 142.7 2.8 .6 .2 2.8 .5 .4 M M M 157.4 156.8 153.7 157.6 157.0 154.0 157.9 157.4 154.7 158.4 158.2 155.5 3.2 3.2 3.7 .5 .8 1.0 .3 .5 .5 3.1 3.1 3.4 .3 .4 .7 .2 .3 .5 Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI...... Los Angeles-Anaheim-Riverside, CA ...... N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT Phil.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD .. San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ..... M M M M M 157.7 157.6 166.7 162.8 155.9 158.1 157.3 167.2 163.6 155.6 158.3 158.2 168.2 164.5 156.3 158.8 158.8 168.2 164.9 156.6 2.9 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.6 .4 1.0 .6 .8 .6 .3 .4 .0 .2 .2 2.8 2.3 3.1 2.6 2.6 .4 .4 .9 1.0 .3 .1 .6 .6 .6 .4 Baltimore, MD .......................... 1 155.7 2.4 -.2 Region and area size 2/ _ Size classes A 3/ ................................. + _ B .................................... C .................................... D .................................... Selected local areas - 155.4 - - - - - Boston-Lawrence-Salem, MA-NH ........... Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH ............. Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL .............. St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL ........ Washington, DC-MD-VA ................... 1 1 1 1 1 Dallas-Fort Worth, TX .................. Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI .................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX ......... Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA ........... 2 2 2 2 162.0 152.1 152.4 149.9 160.1 - 149.5 152.7 142.8 153.6 163.5 153.5 154.6 151.0 160.8 - - - 150.7 153.8 143.2 154.5 2.7 2.7 1.1 2.7 .8 .7 .3 .6 - 3.1 3.0 3.8 2.7 2.9 - .9 .9 1.4 .7 .4 - - + + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ 3/ _ NOTE: Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes. Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. Data not available. Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. Table 4. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Relative Unadjusted indexes importance, December Sept. Oct. 1995 1996 1996 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 1996 fromOct. 1995 Sept. 1996 Seasonally adjusted percent change fromJuly to Aug. to Sept. to Aug. Sept. Oct. Expenditure category All items .................................. 100.000 155.1 155.5 3.0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 All items (1967=100) ....................... + + + + + + + + - 461.9 463.2 - - - - - Food and beverages ....................... Food ................................... Food at home ......................... Cereals and bakery products ........ Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..... Dairy products ..................... Fruits and vegetables .............. Other food at home ................. Sugar and sweets ................. Fats and oils .................... Nonalcoholic beverages ........... Other prepared food .............. Food away from home .................. Alcoholic beverages .................... 19.262 17.581 11.206 1.682 3.453 1.300 2.052 2.719 .369 .285 .885 1.180 6.374 1.681 154.5 154.1 155.1 174.3 146.8 146.4 183.2 143.2 145.3 141.2 127.4 157.2 153.4 158.9 155.2 154.9 155.9 174.7 147.5 148.9 184.1 143.5 145.6 141.3 127.1 158.2 154.2 159.5 4.0 4.0 4.7 3.5 5.0 12.1 4.4 1.9 4.7 2.4 -2.4 4.2 2.9 3.4 .5 .5 .5 .2 .5 1.7 .5 .2 .2 .1 -.2 .6 .5 .4 .4 .3 .5 .1 .9 1.7 -.2 .0 -.1 .8 .5 -.4 .3 .3 .5 .5 .6 .1 1.0 1.9 -.2 .5 .9 .6 -.5 1.0 .2 .6 .5 .6 .6 .2 .5 1.6 1.3 -.1 -.1 -.1 -.6 .4 .5 .4 Housing .................................. Shelter ................................ Renters' costs 1/ .................... _ Rent, residential .................. Other renters' costs ............... Homeowners' costs 1/ ................. _ Owners' equivalent rent 1/ ......... _ Household insurance 1/ ............. _ Maintenance and repairs 2/ ........... _ Maintenance and repair services 2/ . _ Maintenance and repair commodities 2/ ................. _ Fuel and other utilities ............... Fuels ................................ Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities .................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)....................... Other utilities and public services 2/ ...................... _ 38.888 25.976 8.091 150.8 167.2 158.1 150.7 167.6 158.3 2.8 2.9 3.1 -.1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 6.616 1.475 17.695 162.6 215.0 161.9 162.9 214.6 162.4 2.7 4.5 2.9 .2 -.2 .3 .1 -.1 .1 .2 -.2 .2 .1 .4 .2 17.366 162.2 162.7 2.9 .3 .2 .2 .2 .329 148.0 148.7 3.0 .5 .0 .3 .5 .189 138.0 138.5 2.1 .4 .1 .0 .4 .105 149.4 149.5 3.5 .1 .5 .3 .1 .085 123.6 124.8 .4 1.0 -.6 -.4 1.0 7.247 3.887 129.5 117.9 128.3 115.6 3.9 4.3 -.9 -2.0 .5 .5 .2 .2 .5 .7 .327 95.4 102.6 18.2 7.5 .5 3.5 6.5 3.560 125.7 122.2 3.1 -2.8 .6 -.2 .2 3.360 158.8 159.2 3.4 .3 .3 .2 .3 + + + Household furnishings and operation .... Housefurnishings ..................... Housekeeping supplies ................ Housekeeping services ................ 5.666 3.367 1.149 1.150 123.6 110.1 141.8 152.2 123.4 109.7 142.1 152.5 .6 -.6 1.9 3.0 -.2 -.4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .4 -.2 -.5 -.1 .3 Apparel and upkeep ....................... Apparel commodities .................... Men's and boys' apparel .............. Women's and girls' apparel............ Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ .... _ Footwear ............................. Other apparel commodities ............ Apparel services 2/ .................... _ 5.533 5.017 1.310 2.148 .251 130.6 127.2 127.0 122.2 132.4 132.4 129.2 129.0 125.4 128.9 -.7 -1.0 .9 -2.9 -2.9 1.4 1.6 1.6 2.6 -2.6 -1.5 -1.6 .1 -2.9 -.1 .5 .4 -.8 .7 4.5 .4 .5 .6 .5 -2.6 .812 .495 .516 127.8 151.4 159.7 129.2 151.9 159.7 .6 .7 2.2 1.1 .3 .0 -.4 -3.7 .2 -.5 2.3 .1 .5 1.4 .0 Transportation ........................... Private transportation ................. New vehicles ......................... New cars ........................... Used cars ............................ Motor fuel ........................... Gasoline ........................... Maintenance and repairs .............. Other private transportation ......... Other private transportation commodities .................... Other private transportation services ....................... Public transportation .................. 19.020 17.847 4.958 3.591 2.432 3.584 1.619 5.255 142.9 140.7 144.3 140.6 158.2 106.2 105.8 160.8 169.8 143.5 141.2 145.0 141.1 158.3 106.0 105.3 161.4 171.2 3.2 3.1 2.2 2.0 .1 7.9 7.6 3.3 2.1 .4 .4 .5 .4 .1 -.2 -.5 .4 .8 -.1 -.1 .2 .3 -.1 -1.7 -1.9 .4 .5 .4 .3 .4 .5 .4 -.1 -.3 .6 .4 .2 .2 -.1 -.2 -.3 1.0 .9 .3 -.1 .767 104.1 104.1 -.1 .0 .2 .2 -.1 4.488 1.173 186.4 181.8 188.2 184.3 2.4 5.4 1.0 1.4 .5 .0 .4 1.6 .0 1.0 Medical care ............................. Medical care commodities ............... Medical care services .................. Professional medical services ........ 6.262 1.055 5.208 2.965 228.8 208.5 233.3 210.8 229.4 209.8 233.9 211.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.6 .3 .6 .3 .3 .1 -.1 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .4 .2 .5 .1 .3 Entertainment ............................ Entertainment commodities .............. Entertainment services ................. 4.029 2.053 1.976 157.4 142.2 179.3 157.5 142.5 179.1 3.0 2.7 3.2 .1 .2 -.1 .3 .3 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .0 Other goods and services ................. Tobacco and smoking products ........... Personal care 2/ ....................... _ Toilet goods and personal care 7.006 2.135 1.132 214.7 233.7 150.8 215.3 234.8 150.9 3.6 2.9 1.5 .3 .5 .1 .2 -.2 .3 .2 .7 .3 .5 .7 .1 + + appliances 2/ .................... _ Personal care services 2/ ............ _ Personal and educational expenses ...... School books and supplies ............ Personal and educational services .... .635 145.7 145.4 .2 -.2 .4 .1 -.2 .497 157.2 158.0 3.1 .5 .2 .4 .5 3.739 .227 3.512 247.3 231.5 248.8 247.7 232.4 249.2 4.6 6.1 4.5 .2 .4 .2 .5 1.5 .4 -.1 .2 -.1 .4 .7 .4 100.000 47.052 19.262 27.790 16.074 5.017 155.1 140.4 154.5 131.7 132.8 127.2 155.5 141.0 155.2 132.3 133.8 129.2 3.0 2.8 4.0 2.0 2.9 -1.0 .3 .4 .5 .5 .8 1.6 .1 -.1 .4 -.5 -.8 -1.6 .3 .4 .5 .3 .1 .4 .3 .4 .5 .3 .5 .5 11.057 11.716 52.948 25.430 138.4 129.2 172.8 160.9 139.0 129.2 173.0 161.3 4.7 .8 3.2 3.0 .4 .0 .1 .2 -.5 .0 .2 .2 -.1 .5 .2 .1 .8 -.2 .2 .2 8.531 133.0 131.5 3.2 -1.1 .4 .1 .3 7.279 5.208 6.501 179.2 233.3 200.5 180.8 233.9 200.7 3.1 3.2 3.8 .9 .3 .1 .4 .2 .3 .7 .2 .0 .2 .1 .2 82.419 74.024 82.305 155.2 151.9 145.7 155.5 152.4 146.1 2.8 3.0 3.0 .2 .3 .3 .0 .1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 93.738 29.471 17.756 12.739 35.336 27.518 151.6 132.8 134.3 139.5 143.9 164.5 152.0 133.4 135.3 140.0 144.8 164.4 3.0 2.1 3.0 4.6 3.5 3.3 .3 .5 .7 .4 .6 -.1 .1 -.5 -.6 -.3 -.1 .2 .3 .4 .1 .1 .2 .4 .3 .3 .6 .7 .6 .1 47.740 7.470 92.530 167.6 111.3 161.2 167.8 110.1 161.9 3.2 6.1 2.8 .1 -1.1 .4 .2 -.5 .1 .2 .0 .4 .3 .8 .2 Commodity and service group All items .................................. Commodities .............................. Food and beverages ..................... Commodities less food and beverages .... Nondurables less food and beverages .. Apparel commodities ................ Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ............................. Services ................................. Rent of shelter 1/ ..................... + _ Household services less rent of shelter 1/ ......................... + _ Transportation services ................ Medical care services .................. Other services ......................... Special indexes All items less food ........................ All items less shelter ..................... All items less homeowners' costs 1/ ........ + _ All items less medical care ................ Commodities less food ...................... Nondurables less food ...................... Nondurables less food and apparel .......... Nondurables ................................ Services less rent of shelter 1/ ........... + _ Services less medical care services ........ Energy ..................................... All items less energy ...................... All items less food and energy ........... Commodities less food and energy commodities ................. Energy commodities ................... Services less energy services .......... Purchasing power of the consumer dollar: 1982-84=$1.00 2/ ......................... + _ 1967=$1.00 2/ ............................ + _ 74.949 163.1 163.7 2.5 .4 .1 .3 .2 25.560 3.911 49.388 141.0 105.5 178.0 141.6 106.0 178.6 1.1 8.7 3.2 .4 .5 .3 -.2 -1.5 .2 .4 .2 .2 .1 1.4 .2 - $.645 $.643 -2.9 -.3 -.2 -.3 -.3 - .216 .216 - - - - - + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ NOTE: Indexes on a December 1984=100 base. Not seasonally adjusted. Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 5. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Seasonally adjusted indexes July 1996 Aug. 1996 Sept. 1996 Oct. 1996 Jan. 1996 Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended6 months endedApr. July Oct. Apr. Oct. 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996 Expenditure category All items .................................... Food and beverages ......................... Food ..................................... Food at home ........................... Cereals and bakery products .......... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ....... Dairy products ....................... Fruits and vegetables ................ Other food at home ................... 153.6 153.3 154.0 174.0 144.2 141.9 186.3 142.7 154.2 153.8 154.7 174.1 145.5 144.3 186.0 142.7 155.0 154.6 155.7 174.3 147.0 147.0 185.7 143.4 155.8 155.5 156.6 174.7 147.7 149.4 188.1 143.3 2.7 4.3 2.4 2.6 3.5 2.5 1.3 1.1 .5 6.5 3.5 6.1 -12.3 1.1 4.1 4.1 4.9 2.1 -1.7 5.1 22.5 3.2 4.8 5.4 6.5 3.5 8.8 15.4 6.0 1.7 5.9 5.9 6.9 1.6 10.1 22.9 3.9 1.7 2.7 2.6 2.7 4.3 .9 5.6 3.7 2.1 5.3 5.6 6.7 2.6 9.4 19.1 5.0 1.7 + + + + + + + + + Sugar and sweets ................... Fats and oils ...................... Nonalcoholic beverages ............. Other prepared food ................ Food away from home .................... Alcoholic beverages ...................... 144.4 139.6 127.8 156.6 152.7 157.8 144.2 140.7 128.5 155.9 153.1 158.2 145.5 141.5 127.8 157.5 153.4 159.1 145.3 141.4 127.0 158.2 154.2 159.7 7.1 3.2 -3.3 2.7 1.9 2.6 2.6 .0 .6 5.6 2.7 3.9 6.6 1.2 -4.3 4.5 2.9 2.6 2.5 5.3 -2.5 4.1 4.0 4.9 4.8 1.6 -1.4 4.1 2.3 3.3 4.6 3.2 -3.4 4.3 3.5 3.7 Housing .................................... Shelter .................................. Renters' costs 1/ ...................... _ Rent, residential .................... Other renters' costs ................. Homeowners' costs 1/ ................... _ Owners' equivalent rent 1/ ........... _ Household insurance 1/ ............... _ Maintenance and repairs 2/ ............. _ Maintenance and repair services 2/ ... _ Maintenance and repair commodities 2/ _ Fuel and other utilities ................. Fuels .................................. Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities ...................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)......................... Other utilities and public services 2/ . _ Household furnishings and operation ...... Housefurnishings ....................... Housekeeping supplies .................. Housekeeping services .................. 149.7 166.5 157.6 150.0 166.7 157.7 150.2 167.0 157.9 150.5 167.3 158.2 3.0 3.5 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.4 2.7 3.4 4.4 2.2 1.9 1.5 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.4 2.7 3.0 162.0 217.3 161.2 162.2 217.0 161.4 162.6 216.6 161.7 162.8 217.4 162.1 3.1 2.1 3.6 2.3 7.7 2.5 3.5 8.1 3.0 2.0 .2 2.3 2.7 4.9 3.1 2.8 4.1 2.6 161.4 161.7 162.0 162.3 3.6 2.5 2.8 2.2 3.1 2.5 147.4 147.4 147.9 148.7 2.5 3.1 3.0 3.6 2.8 3.3 137.9 138.0 138.0 138.5 -.6 3.9 3.3 1.8 1.6 2.5 148.2 149.0 149.4 149.5 .6 3.6 6.5 3.6 2.1 5.0 124.8 124.1 123.6 124.8 -2.2 4.6 -.6 .0 1.1 -.3 127.0 113.5 127.6 114.1 127.8 114.3 128.5 115.1 2.6 3.3 6.9 9.3 1.6 -.7 4.8 5.8 4.7 6.3 3.2 2.5 93.6 94.1 97.4 103.7 39.4 24.7 -25.4 50.7 31.8 6.0 121.1 158.0 121.8 158.5 121.6 158.8 121.8 159.2 .3 2.4 8.4 3.4 1.7 5.0 2.3 3.1 4.3 2.9 2.0 4.0 123.1 109.7 141.6 151.4 123.3 109.9 141.9 151.5 123.6 110.1 142.0 152.1 123.3 109.6 141.8 152.6 1.3 .0 4.7 1.6 .7 -.4 2.6 1.9 .0 -1.8 -.3 5.2 .7 -.4 .6 3.2 1.0 -.2 3.6 1.8 .3 -1.1 .1 4.2 131.0 127.8 127.0 124.1 126.8 129.0 125.7 127.1 120.5 126.7 129.6 126.2 126.1 121.3 132.4 130.1 126.8 126.8 121.9 128.9 2.8 2.8 4.2 6.5 -1.5 -.9 -.9 2.9 -7.9 7.8 -1.8 -2.5 -3.1 -2.5 -21.7 -2.7 -3.1 -.6 -6.9 6.8 .9 .9 3.5 -1.0 3.0 -2.3 -2.8 -1.9 -4.7 -8.6 128.4 127.9 127.3 127.9 -5.5 7.2 2.9 -1.5 .6 .6 Apparel and upkeep ......................... Apparel commodities ...................... Men's and boys' apparel ................ Women's and girls' apparel ............. Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ ...... _ Footwear ............................... + + + + Other apparel commodities .............. Apparel services 2/....................... _ 151.5 159.3 145.9 159.6 149.2 159.7 151.3 159.7 .5 3.4 1.1 1.5 2.1 2.8 -.5 1.0 .8 2.4 .8 1.9 Transportation ............................. Private transportation ................... New vehicles ........................... New cars ............................. Used cars .............................. Motor fuel ............................. Gasoline ............................. Maintenance and repairs ................ Other private transportation ........... Other private transportation commodities ...................... Other private transportation services ......................... Public transportation .................... 142.7 140.7 145.0 141.3 156.8 106.1 105.9 159.1 170.0 142.5 140.5 145.3 141.7 156.7 104.3 103.9 159.7 170.8 143.1 140.9 145.9 142.4 157.4 104.2 103.6 160.7 171.5 143.4 141.2 145.8 142.1 157.0 105.2 104.5 161.2 171.4 3.8 4.8 1.4 1.4 7.6 16.5 17.0 3.6 -.7 9.5 9.0 2.0 1.7 1.3 39.1 38.6 1.5 2.2 -1.7 -2.0 3.1 2.9 -8.5 -13.1 -13.2 2.8 3.6 2.0 1.4 2.2 2.3 .5 -3.4 -5.2 5.4 3.3 6.6 6.8 1.7 1.6 4.4 27.3 27.4 2.6 .7 .1 -.3 2.7 2.6 -4.1 -8.4 -9.3 4.1 3.5 104.0 104.2 104.4 104.3 -.8 .0 -.8 1.2 -.4 .2 186.6 180.0 187.6 180.0 188.4 182.9 188.4 184.8 -.7 -12.4 2.6 16.8 4.2 8.7 3.9 11.1 1.0 1.1 4.0 9.9 Medical care ............................... Medical care commodities ................. Medical care services .................... Professional medical services .......... 228.3 208.5 232.6 209.7 228.6 208.3 233.1 210.1 229.1 208.9 233.6 211.0 229.6 210.0 233.9 211.6 4.2 4.4 4.1 4.0 2.9 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.7 3.5 2.3 2.9 2.3 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.7 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.6 Entertainment .............................. Entertainment commodities ................ Entertainment services ................... 156.9 141.8 178.7 157.3 142.2 179.0 157.4 142.4 179.1 157.5 142.5 179.1 4.5 4.7 4.5 2.9 3.2 2.5 2.9 1.1 4.8 1.5 2.0 .9 3.7 3.9 3.5 2.2 1.6 2.9 Other goods and services ................... Tobacco and smoking products ............. Personal care 2/ ......................... _ Toilet goods and personal care appliances 2/ ...................... _ Personal care services 2/ .............. _ Personal and educational expenses ........ School books and supplies .............. Personal and educational services ...... 213.1 233.0 150.0 213.6 232.5 150.4 214.0 234.2 150.8 215.0 235.8 150.9 2.9 -1.0 1.1 4.3 4.3 1.3 3.8 3.9 1.1 3.6 4.9 2.4 3.6 1.6 1.2 3.7 4.4 1.7 145.0 145.6 145.7 145.4 -1.9 .8 .8 1.1 -.6 1.0 156.2 156.5 157.2 158.0 4.5 2.1 1.3 4.7 3.3 3.0 243.9 226.8 245.4 245.0 230.2 246.4 244.8 230.6 246.1 245.7 232.2 247.0 5.6 9.1 5.4 5.3 4.9 5.5 4.7 .9 4.9 3.0 9.9 2.6 5.4 7.0 5.4 3.9 5.3 3.7 140.0 139.8 140.4 140.9 2.7 3.3 4.3 5.0 2.4 .6 2.6 2.6 3.5 4.1 2.5 1.6 Commodity and service group All items .................................... Commodities ................................ + + Food and beverages ....................... Commodities less food and beverages ...... Nondurables less food and beverages .... Apparel commodities .................. Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel ...................... Durables ............................... Services ................................... Rent of shelter 1/ ....................... _ Household services less rent of shelter 1/ ........................ _ Transportation services .................. Medical care services .................... Other services ........................... 153.6 131.6 132.8 127.8 154.2 131.0 131.7 125.7 155.0 131.4 131.8 126.2 155.8 131.8 132.4 126.8 1.3 4.4 7.3 2.8 4.1 6.0 9.5 -.9 4.8 -2.4 -3.8 -2.5 5.9 .6 -1.2 -3.1 2.7 5.2 8.4 .9 5.3 -.9 -2.5 -2.8 138.1 129.1 171.8 160.4 137.4 129.1 172.2 160.7 137.3 129.7 172.5 160.9 138.4 129.4 172.9 161.3 8.4 2.2 2.7 3.6 16.3 .9 3.6 2.8 -5.6 -.6 3.8 3.6 .9 .9 2.6 2.3 12.3 1.6 3.1 3.2 -2.4 .2 3.2 2.9 130.8 131.3 131.4 131.8 1.3 5.1 3.8 3.1 3.2 3.4 178.6 232.6 199.2 179.3 233.1 199.8 180.5 233.6 199.8 180.9 233.9 200.2 -1.8 4.1 4.9 4.4 2.8 4.0 4.8 3.7 4.5 5.3 2.3 2.0 1.3 3.5 4.4 5.0 3.0 3.3 154.3 151.2 145.0 154.3 151.3 145.1 154.7 151.8 145.5 155.0 152.3 146.0 3.2 2.5 2.6 4.3 4.9 4.9 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.9 2.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 1.7 2.4 2.4 150.8 132.8 134.1 138.9 143.3 163.1 150.9 132.2 133.3 138.5 143.2 163.5 151.3 132.7 133.4 138.6 143.5 164.2 151.8 133.1 134.2 139.6 144.4 164.4 2.7 4.4 6.9 7.7 4.4 1.8 4.4 5.9 8.7 13.2 6.7 3.8 2.2 -2.4 -3.5 -4.2 .3 4.5 2.7 .9 .3 2.0 3.1 3.2 3.6 5.1 7.8 10.4 5.5 2.8 2.4 -.7 -1.6 -1.1 1.7 3.9 166.6 109.3 160.7 162.8 167.0 108.7 160.9 162.9 167.3 108.7 161.5 163.4 167.8 109.6 161.9 163.7 2.2 9.6 2.3 2.8 3.5 23.4 3.1 2.5 4.2 -7.3 2.8 2.5 2.9 1.1 3.0 2.2 2.8 16.3 2.7 2.6 3.5 -3.2 2.9 2.4 140.9 105.2 177.5 140.6 103.6 177.9 141.1 103.8 178.3 141.3 105.3 178.7 2.3 18.0 2.6 1.4 37.7 3.2 -.3 -14.2 3.9 1.1 .4 2.7 1.9 27.5 2.9 .4 -7.2 3.3 Special indexes All items less food .......................... All items less shelter ....................... All items less homeowners' costs 1/ .......... + _ All items less medical care .................. Commodities less food ........................ Nondurables less food ........................ Nondurables less food and apparel ............ Nondurables .................................. Services less rent of shelter 1/ ............. + _ Services less medical care services .......... Energy ....................................... All items less energy ........................ All items less food and energy ............. Commodities less food and energy commodities .......................... Energy commodities ..................... Services less energy services ............ + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ Indexes on a December 1984=100 base. Not seasonally adjusted. NOTE: Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 6. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers: Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Percent change to Oct. 1996 fromOct. Aug. Sept. 1995 1996 1996 Percent change to Sept. 1996 fromSept. July Aug. 1995 1996 1996 Pricing schedule 1/ _ U.S. city average ...................... M 154.3 154.5 155.1 155.5 3.0 0.6 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.4 Northeast urban......................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 500,000 to 1,200,000 ....... Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 .......... M M M M 160.9 160.5 159.7 162.9 161.4 161.0 160.0 163.2 162.0 161.8 159.8 163.7 162.4 162.1 160.1 165.3 2.9 2.9 2.4 3.3 .6 .7 .1 1.3 .2 .2 .2 1.0 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.2 .7 .8 .1 .5 .4 .5 -.1 .3 North Central urban .................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 ....... Size C - 50,000 to 360,000 .......... Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M M 149.8 149.7 148.3 151.9 149.9 149.9 148.7 151.9 150.6 150.4 149.5 152.6 151.0 150.7 150.2 153.7 3.2 3.0 3.9 3.3 .7 .5 1.0 1.2 .3 .2 .5 .7 3.1 2.8 3.7 3.2 .5 .5 .8 .5 .5 .3 .5 .5 M 148.5 148.5 149.1 149.2 3.5 .5 .1 3.2 .4 .4 South urban Size A Size B Size C Size D - ............................ More than 1,200,000 ........ 450,000 to 1,200,000 ....... 50,000 to 450,000 .......... Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M M 152.6 151.6 152.9 153.6 152.7 151.4 153.1 153.9 153.1 151.7 153.6 154.4 153.5 151.9 153.9 154.8 3.0 2.6 3.3 2.9 .5 .3 .5 .6 .3 .1 .2 .3 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.3 .3 .1 .5 .5 .3 .2 .3 .3 M 152.8 153.1 153.9 154.8 3.7 1.1 .6 3.4 .7 .5 West urban ............................. Size A - More than 1,250,000 ........ Size C - 50,000 to 330,000 .......... M M M 154.9 153.4 159.3 154.9 153.4 159.5 155.5 154.0 159.9 155.9 154.4 160.2 2.8 2.7 3.5 .6 .7 .4 .3 .3 .2 3.0 2.7 3.5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 + + Indexes Area July 1996 Aug. 1996 Sept. 1996 Oct. 1996 Region and area size 2/ _ Size classes A 3/ ................................. + _ B .................................... C .................................... D .................................... M 140.8 140.9 141.4 141.7 2.8 .6 .2 2.8 .4 .4 M M M 154.4 155.8 153.0 154.6 156.0 153.3 155.0 156.6 154.0 155.4 157.4 154.7 3.1 3.2 3.7 .5 .9 .9 .3 .5 .5 3.1 3.1 3.4 .4 .5 .7 .3 .4 .5 Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI...... Los Angeles-Anaheim-Riverside, CA ...... N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT Phil.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD .. San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ..... M M M M M 152.7 152.3 162.8 162.1 153.4 152.9 151.9 163.3 163.0 153.0 153.2 152.7 164.4 163.7 153.8 153.7 153.2 164.4 164.2 154.0 3.0 2.2 2.9 2.8 2.5 .5 .9 .7 .7 .7 .3 .3 .0 .3 .1 2.8 2.3 3.1 2.4 2.5 .3 .3 1.0 1.0 .3 .2 .5 .7 .4 .5 Baltimore, MD .......................... Boston-Lawrence-Salem, MA-NH ........... Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH ............. Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL .............. St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL ........ Washington, DC-MD-VA ................... 1 1 1 1 1 1 154.6 160.9 144.3 150.8 149.0 157.6 2.4 3.0 3.2 3.9 2.5 3.1 -.1 .7 1.0 1.2 .7 .4 Dallas-Fort Worth, TX .................. Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI .................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX ......... Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA ........... 2 2 2 2 Selected local areas - 149.5 148.0 142.2 147.2 154.4 162.1 145.8 152.6 150.1 158.2 - 150.7 148.8 142.5 148.0 - 2.9 2.6 1.1 2.6 .8 .5 .2 .5 - - - + + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ 3/ _ NOTE: Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes. Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. Data not available. Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. -
