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USDL-17-0419 Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) April 14, 2017 Technical information: (202) 691-7000 • cpi_info@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cpi Media Contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov CONSUMER PRICE INDEX – MARCH 2017 The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) decreased 0.3 percent in March on a seasonally adjusted basis, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the last 12 months, the all items index rose 2.4 percent before seasonal adjustment. The March decline was the first 1-month decrease in the seasonally adjusted all items index since February 2016. A decline in the gasoline index was the largest factor, with a decrease in the index for wireless telephone services also contributing. The energy index declined 3.2 percent, with the gasoline index falling 6.2 percent, and other major energy component indexes decreasing as well. The food index rose 0.3 percent, with the index for food at home increasing 0.5 percent, its largest increase since May 2014. The index for all items less food and energy fell 0.1 percent in March, its first decline since January 2010. The shelter index rose 0.1 percent, and the indexes for motor vehicle insurance, medical care, tobacco, airline fares, and alcoholic beverages also increased in March. These increases were more than offset by declines in several indexes, including those for wireless telephone services, used cars and trucks, new vehicles, and apparel. The all items index rose 2.4 percent for the 12 months ending March, a smaller increase than the 2.7percent rise for the period ending February. The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.0 percent over the last 12 months, the smallest 12-month increase since November 2015. The energy index rose 10.9 percent over the last year, while the food index increased 0.5 percent. Chart 1. One-month percent change in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), seasonally adjusted, Mar. 2016 - Mar. 2017 Percent change 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 Mar'16 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar'17 Chart 2. 12-month percent change in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), not seasonally adjusted, Mar. 2016 - Mar. 2017 Percent change 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 Mar'16 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep All items Oct Nov Dec Jan All items less food and energy -2- Feb Mar'17 Food The food index rose 0.3 percent in March following a 0.2-percent increase in February. The index for food at home advanced 0.5 percent, as 4 of the 6 major grocery store food group indexes rose. The index for fruits and vegetables rose 1.6 percent, with the index for fresh fruits rising 2.4 percent. The index for other food at home rose 0.7 percent after declining in February. The indexes for cereals and bakery products and for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs both increased 0.3 percent. In contrast to these increases, the index for dairy and related products fell 0.6 percent in March after rising in each of the 3 prior months. The index for nonalcoholic beverages also declined, falling 0.1 percent after rising in February. The food at home index declined 0.9 percent over the past year. The indexes for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs, for fruits and vegetables, and for cereals and bakery products declined over the past 12 months, while the other 3 major grocery store food group indexes increased slightly over the span. The index for food away from home rose 0.2 percent in March, the same increase as in February, and rose 2.4 percent over the last 12 months. Energy The energy index fell 3.2 percent in March following a 1.0-percent decline in February. All the energy component indexes declined in March, with the gasoline index falling 6.2 percent. (Before seasonal adjustment, gasoline prices increased 1.1 percent in March.) The index for natural gas fell 0.8 percent after rising in each of the last 8 months, and the electricity index declined 0.1 percent after rising in February. Despite the March declines, all the component indexes rose over the last year. The gasoline index increased 19.9 percent, the index for natural gas advanced 10.3 percent, and the electricity index increased 1.6 percent. All items less food and energy The index for all items less food and energy declined 0.1 percent in March. The index for communication fell 3.5 percent as the index for wireless telephone services decreased 7.0 percent, the largest 1-month decline in the history of the index. The index for used cars and trucks continued to fall, declining 0.9 percent in March, and the new vehicles index decreased 0.3 percent. The apparel index declined 0.7 percent in March after rising 0.6 percent in February. The shelter index rose 0.1 percent in March, its smallest increase since June 2014. The rent index rose 0.3 percent and the index for owners' equivalent rent advanced 0.2 percent, but the index for lodging away from home fell 2.4 percent. The medical care index increased 0.1 percent in March, as the index for hospital services rose 0.4 percent, the index for prescription drugs was unchanged, and the physicians' services index declined 0.3 percent. The index for motor vehicle insurance continued to rise, increasing 1.2 percent in March. The index for tobacco rose 0.5 percent, the airline fares index increased 0.4 percent, and the index for alcoholic beverages rose 0.2 percent. The indexes for recreation, for education, and for household furnishings and operations were unchanged in March. -3- The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.0 percent over the past 12 months. The indexes for shelter and for medical care both rose 3.5 percent. The index for motor vehicle insurance increased sharply over the last year, rising 8.1 percent, its largest 12-month increase since the period ending June 2003. The indexes for communication, used cars and trucks, and household furnishings and operations all declined over the past year. Not seasonally adjusted CPI measures The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 2.4 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 243.801 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index rose 0.1 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) increased 2.3 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 237.656 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index increased 0.1 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. The Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) increased 2.4 percent over the last 12 months. For the month, the index rose 0.1 percent on a not seasonally adjusted basis. Please note that the indexes for the past 10 to 12 months are subject to revision. The Consumer Price Index for April 2017 is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 12, 2017, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Consumer Price Index Geographic Revision for 2018 In January 2018, BLS will introduce a new geographic area sample for the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The 2018 revision utilizes the 2010 Decennial Census and incorporates an updated area sample design, changes the frequency of publication for several local area indexes, and establishes some new local area and aggregate indexes. The first indexes using the new structure will be published in February 2018. Additional information on the geographic revision is available at: www.bls.gov/cpi/georevision2018.htm. -4- A Note on the Use of Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data Introduction The Consumer Price Index (CPI) produces both unadjusted and seasonally adjusted data. Seasonally adjusted data are computed using seasonal factors derived by the X-13ARIMA-SEATS Seasonal Adjustment Method. These factors are updated each February, and the new factors are used to revise the previous five years of seasonally adjusted data. For more information on data revisions and exceptions to the usual revision schedule, please see the Fact Sheet on Seasonal Adjustment (https://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpisaqanda.htm) and the Timeline of Seasonal Adjustment Methodological Changes (https://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpiseastimeline.htm). How to Use Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data For analyzing short-term price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred since they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same magnitude every year—such as price movements resulting from changing climatic conditions, production cycles, model changeovers, holidays, and sales. This allows data users to focus on changes that are not typical for the time of year. The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices they actually pay. Unadjusted data are also used extensively for escalation purposes. Many collective bargaining contract agreements and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes to the Consumer Price Index before adjustment for seasonal variation. BLS advises against the use of seasonally adjusted data in escalation agreements because seasonally adjusted series are revised annually. Intervention Analysis The Bureau of Labor Statistics uses Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment for some CPI series. Sometimes extreme values or sharp movements can distort the underlying seasonal pattern of price change. Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment is a process by which the distortions caused by such unusual events are estimated and removed from the data prior to calculation of seasonal factors. The resulting seasonal factors, which more accurately represent the seasonal pattern, are then applied to the unadjusted data. 2017 Series Adjusted Using Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment For the seasonal factors introduced in January 2017, BLS adjusted 40 series using Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment, including selected food and beverage items, motor fuels and natural gas. For example, this procedure was used for the Motor fuel series to offset the effects of events such as the 2009 return to normal pricing after the worldwide economic downturn in 2008. Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Indexes Seasonally adjusted data, including the U.S. city average All items index levels, are subject to revision for up to five years after their original release. Every year, economists in the CPI calculate new seasonal factors for seasonally adjusted series and apply them to the last five years of data. Seasonally adjusted indexes beyond the last five years of data are considered to be final and not subject to revision. In January 2017, revised seasonal factors and seasonally adjusted indexes for 2012-2016 were calculated -5- and published. For directly adjusted series, the seasonal factors for 2016 will be applied to data in 2017 to produce the seasonally adjusted 2017 indexes. Determining Seasonal Status Each year the seasonal status of every series is reevaluated based upon certain statistical criteria. Using these criteria, BLS economists determine whether a series should change its status: from "not seasonally adjusted" to "seasonally adjusted", or vice versa. If any of the 81 components of the U.S. city average all items index change their seasonal adjustment status from seasonally adjusted to not seasonally adjusted, not seasonally adjusted data will be used in the aggregation of the dependent series for the last five years, but the seasonally adjusted indexes before that period will not be changed. 27 of the 81 components of the U.S. city average all items index are not seasonally adjusted for 2017. Contact Information For additional information on seasonal adjustment in the CPI, please contact us at (202)691-6968 or cpiseas@bls.gov. If you have general questions about the CPI, please call our information staff at (202) 691-7000 or cpi_info@bls.gov. Facilities for Sensory Impaired Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200, Federal Relay Services: 1-800-877-8339. Brief Explanation of the CPI The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in prices over time of goods and services purchased by households. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population groups: (1) the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), which covers households of wage earners and clerical workers that comprise approximately 28 percent of the total population and (2) the CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and the Chained CPI for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U), which covers approximately 89 percent of the total population and includes, in addition to wage earners and clerical worker households, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the selfemployed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force. The CPIs are based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors’ and dentists’ services, drugs, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Prices are collected each month in 87 urban areas across the country from about 6,000 housing units and approximately 24,000 retail establishments-department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index. Prices of fuels and a few other items are obtained every month in all 87 locations. Prices of most other commodities and services are collected every month in the three largest geographic areas and every other month in other areas. Prices of most goods and services are obtained by personal visits or telephone calls of the Bureau’s trained representatives. In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights, which represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. For the CPI-U and CPI-W separate indexes are also published by size of city, by region of the country, for cross-classifications of regions and -6- population-size classes, and for 27 local areas. Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of prices among cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period. For the C-CPI-U data are issued only at the national level. It is important to note that the CPI-U and CPI-W are considered final when released, but the C-CPI-U is issued in preliminary form and subject to two annual revisions. The index measures price change from a designed reference date. For the CPI-U and the CPI-W the reference base is 1982-84 equals 100. The reference base for the C-CPI-U is December 1999 equals 100. An increase of 16.5 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 116.500. This change can also be expressed in dollars as follows: the price of a base period market basket of goods and services in the CPI has risen from $10 in 1982-84 to $11.65. For further details visit the CPI home page on the Internet at www.bls.gov/cpi/ or contact our CPI Information and Analysis Section on (202) 691-7000. Note on Sampling Error in the Consumer Price Index The CPI is a statistical estimate that is subject to sampling error because it is based upon a sample of retail prices and not the complete universe of all prices. BLS calculates and publishes estimates of the 1month, 2-month, 6-month and 12-month percent change standard errors annually, for the CPI-U. These standard error estimates can be used to construct confidence intervals for hypothesis testing. For example, the estimated standard error of the 1 month percent change is 0.03 percent for the U.S. All Items Consumer Price Index. This means that if we repeatedly sample from the universe of all retail prices using the same methodology, and estimate a percentage change for each sample, then 95% of these estimates would be within 0.06 percent of the 1 month percentage change based on all retail prices. For example, for a 1-month change of 0.2 percent in the All Items CPI for All Urban Consumers, we are 95 percent confident that the actual percent change based on all retail prices would fall between 0.14 and 0.26 percent. For the latest data, including information on how to use the estimates of standard error, see "Variance Estimates for Price Changes in the Consumer Price Index, JanuaryDecember 2016." These data are available on the CPI home page (www.bls.gov/cpi), or by using the following link: www.bls.gov/cpi/cpivar2016.pdf. Calculating Index Changes Movements of the indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes rather than changes in index points, because index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to its base period while percent changes are not. The example below illustrates the computation of index point and percent changes. Percent changes for 3-month and 6-month periods are expressed as annual rates and are computed according to the standard formula for compound growth rates. These data indicate what the percent change would be if the current rate were maintained for a 12-month period. -7- Index Point Change CPI Less previous index Equals index point change 202.416 201.800 .616 Percent Change Index point difference Divided by the previous index Equals Results multiplied by one hundred Equals percent change .616 201.800 0.003 0.003x100 0.3 -8- Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017 [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Unadjusted indexes Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Relative importance Feb. 2017 Mar. 2016 Feb. 2017 Mar. 2017 Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 All items............................................ . Food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereals and bakery products. . . . . . . . . . . . Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs. . . . . . . . . . . . Dairy and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials................................. . Other food at home....................... . Food away from home1..................... . 100.000 13.657 7.877 1.060 1.735 0.821 1.327 238.132 247.978 240.329 273.162 250.837 218.131 298.162 243.603 248.791 237.918 271.708 243.057 220.552 292.222 243.801 249.165 238.256 272.174 244.306 218.567 292.932 2.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -2.6 0.2 -1.8 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.9 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.7 0.8 -1.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.8 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 -0.6 1.6 0.960 1.974 5.780 168.187 209.743 260.883 169.451 208.914 266.626 168.455 210.002 267.055 0.2 0.1 2.4 -0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.2 Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuel oil1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline (all types). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electricity2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utility (piped) gas service2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.153 3.524 0.105 3.328 3.277 3.628 2.814 0.814 179.017 174.500 192.617 171.050 170.356 191.203 202.487 154.822 198.195 206.984 242.467 202.912 201.957 198.820 206.416 172.967 198.597 209.029 240.619 205.155 204.217 197.709 205.692 170.755 10.9 19.8 24.9 19.9 19.9 3.4 1.6 10.3 0.2 1.0 -0.8 1.1 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 7.6 3.5 7.9 7.8 0.3 0.0 1.5 -1.0 -2.8 -0.4 -2.9 -3.0 1.0 0.8 1.5 -3.2 -6.0 -0.8 -6.1 -6.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 All items less food and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New vehicles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Used cars and trucks..................... . Medical care commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco and smoking products......... . Services less energy services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shelter...................................... . Rent of primary residence2. . . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of 2 residences , 3......................... . Medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physicians’ services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital services2, 4.................... . Transportation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and repair1. . . . . . . .......................... . Motor vehicle insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline fares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.191 246.358 251.143 251.290 2.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1 19.125 3.092 3.687 1.974 1.858 0.948 0.660 60.066 33.561 7.843 146.367 127.427 148.227 146.178 362.386 242.230 953.512 307.703 285.196 293.489 145.140 126.100 148.993 137.899 376.078 244.622 984.756 316.506 294.444 304.211 145.527 128.250 148.543 139.372 376.440 244.978 987.910 316.481 295.044 304.868 -0.6 0.6 0.2 -4.7 3.9 1.1 3.6 2.9 3.5 3.9 0.3 1.7 -0.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.9 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.3 24.468 6.697 1.699 2.268 5.941 292.080 489.520 372.672 300.303 296.363 301.785 506.105 385.353 313.974 306.221 302.259 505.991 383.965 314.529 307.490 3.5 3.4 3.0 4.7 3.8 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.4 1.162 2.501 0.654 273.980 478.644 283.584 279.782 513.469 280.517 279.600 517.619 283.583 2.1 8.1 0.0 -0.1 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.8 2.0 0.1 0.5 2.4 -0.1 1.2 0.4 Expenditure category 1 Not seasonally adjusted. This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 3 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 4 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. 2 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category All items................................................................ . Food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereals and bakery products................................ . Cereals and cereal products.............................. . Flour and prepared flour mixes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Breakfast cereal1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rice, pasta, cornmeal1.................................. . Rice1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bakery products1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bread1, 2................................................ . White bread1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bread other than white1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies...................... . Cookies3............................................. . Fresh cakes and cupcakes1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other bakery products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts1, 3. . . . Crackers, bread, and cracker products3. . . . . . . . . Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies, tarts, turnovers3.................................. . Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs............................... . Meats, poultry, and fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beef and veal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked ground beef1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked beef roasts1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked beef steaks2............................ . Uncooked other beef and veal1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork..................................................... . Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bacon and related products3................... . Breakfast sausage and related products2, 3. . . Ham.................................................. . Ham, excluding canned3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork chops1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other pork including roasts and picnics2. . . . . . . . . Other meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frankfurters3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lunchmeats2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb and organ meats1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb and mutton1, 2, 3............................. . Poultry1................................................. . Chicken1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh whole chicken1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh and frozen chicken parts1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other poultry including turkey2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fish and seafood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fish and seafood2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fish and seafood2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shelf stable fish and seafood1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 100.000 13.657 7.877 1.060 0.355 0.043 0.183 0.130 0.705 0.211 0.102 0.172 0.220 1.735 1.632 1.030 0.457 0.184 0.061 0.164 0.047 0.321 0.137 0.056 0.052 0.075 0.252 0.339 0.274 0.065 0.264 0.144 0.120 Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 2.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -1.3 -0.1 -0.7 -2.6 -2.8 0.1 -0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.9 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 2.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 1.0 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -1.2 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.0 -1.5 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.1 -1.0 0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 -1.9 -0.5 -2.1 0.4 -0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.4 1.4 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 2.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 1.2 0.2 2.2 0.1 -2.6 -1.1 -2.3 -4.9 -5.0 -5.0 -5.2 -3.0 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.6 1.1 2.7 -0.1 -1.9 2.0 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.4 -1.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -1.3 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.8 1.6 0.8 0.1 1.5 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.2 1.1 2.7 -1.5 -1.9 1.5 3.3 6.6 -0.8 0.8 0.8 -3.0 -0.7 -1.5 -1.7 -2.0 -2.1 -4.6 0.4 0.6 -1.5 0.6 -0.4 1.7 3.2 -0.1 -2.1 2.5 5.0 -0.9 5.9 6.6 0.8 -1.0 1.0 3.9 0.3 0.5 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.6 -1.0 -0.1 -2.0 -2.0 1.8 1.6 1.7 0.0 0.1 -2.5 -2.5 -0.9 2.6 -1.5 1.1 0.7 0.2 -0.2 -3.2 1.4 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -1.0 -1.2 1.5 3.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.9 2.6 -0.4 -3.5 0.6 -3.4 -4.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.7 -0.9 1.8 1.1 2.8 -0.5 2.8 4.8 -0.5 3.8 4.4 0.8 -0.2 1.3 5.0 0.7 0.5 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -2.0 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category Frozen fish and seafood3....................... . Eggs....................................................... . Dairy and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milk1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh whole milk3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh milk other than whole2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheese and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ice cream and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other dairy and related products1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apples...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bananas1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citrus fruits2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oranges, including tangerines3................... . Other fresh fruits2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Potatoes................................................ . Lettuce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomatoes1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other fresh vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned fruits2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned vegetables2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen fruits and vegetables2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen vegetables3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other processed fruits and vegetables including dried2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dried beans, peas, and lentils1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . . . Juices and nonalcoholic drinks2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carbonated drinks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks1, 2. . . . . . . . . . Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks2. . . . . . . . . Beverage materials including coffee and tea2. . . . . . . . . . . Coffee..... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roasted coffee3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instant and freeze dried coffee1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other beverage materials including tea1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . Other food at home........................................... . Sugar and sweets1......................................... . Sugar and artificial sweeteners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Candy and chewing gum1, 2............................ . Other sweets2............................................ . Fats and oils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butter and margarine2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butter3....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Margarine3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salad dressing2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other fats and oils including peanut butter2. . . . . . . . . . Peanut butter1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other foods............................................... . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 0.103 0.821 0.231 0.264 0.119 0.207 1.327 1.036 0.557 0.083 0.086 0.146 0.242 0.479 0.080 0.062 0.082 0.256 0.292 0.153 0.085 0.054 0.960 0.676 0.273 0.011 0.393 0.284 0.177 0.107 1.974 0.286 0.049 0.181 0.056 0.232 0.068 0.056 0.108 1.456 Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 1.4 -21.8 0.2 0.6 1.5 0.0 -0.7 0.6 0.7 -1.8 -2.2 -0.5 -5.3 -1.3 3.4 2.3 -0.8 -4.1 1.2 -2.7 -8.4 -4.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 -1.4 0.7 1.2 -2.3 -3.6 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 2.3 -0.6 -1.7 1.4 -2.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.6 14.3 0.8 -0.5 0.3 0.1 1.6 -0.5 1.6 -1.7 -1.8 -0.8 -4.0 -0.3 3.2 4.1 -2.4 -3.0 -3.0 -4.9 -1.3 -2.2 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 4.5 -4.6 0.8 -0.3 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.7 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.2 2.3 1.5 6.5 -0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -1.5 -1.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 1.6 1.7 2.4 1.8 -0.5 -2.0 -1.6 6.4 0.9 -0.8 4.7 -2.0 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.9 1.1 0.7 -0.8 -4.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -1.0 2.4 0.1 1.6 0.1 3.7 -0.3 -0.6 -1.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -1.1 -1.9 0.5 0.4 -0.9 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.6 -1.1 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.9 -0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.2 -1.8 -0.2 2.0 3.9 0.0 0.2 -1.8 -2.0 0.2 -1.3 0.4 1.5 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.0 1.8 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2 1.7 0.8 1.2 0.6 1.3 0.2 0.9 0.5 -0.6 2.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -1.9 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.3 2.3 -0.5 1.2 0.5 1.0 0.7 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category Relative importance Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 1.1 -1.5 -0.1 1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 2.5 1.4 0.6 3.6 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.5 1.8 3.7 0.8 2.6 -0.4 1.4 0.1 0.2 3.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -2.1 0.6 0.9 -0.7 5.1 0.6 -0.1 1.4 -1.0 -0.8 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -2.5 -0.5 2.5 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 1.4 0.7 1.5 3.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.8 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.051 3.628 2.814 0.814 10.9 19.8 17.2 24.9 9.5 19.9 19.9 20.2 18.0 18.3 24.1 3.4 1.6 10.3 0.2 1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 7.6 3.1 3.5 4.0 7.9 7.8 8.0 6.7 5.6 10.7 0.3 0.0 1.5 -1.0 -2.8 -0.5 -0.4 1.8 -2.9 -3.0 -3.1 -3.0 -2.9 0.1 1.0 0.8 1.5 -3.2 -6.0 -4.1 -0.8 -0.3 -6.1 -6.2 -6.4 -5.3 -5.3 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 79.191 19.125 3.170 0.256 0.057 0.053 0.145 0.755 0.263 0.360 0.127 2.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.9 -1.3 -0.4 -0.9 -1.7 -2.6 -1.0 -2.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.9 -1.2 1.3 0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -1.2 0.180 0.055 -2.7 -5.3 -4.4 -1.4 -2.9 -5.0 0.8 -2.5 -1.6 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.9 -0.6 0.3 3.6 0.9 0.1 1.2 1.9 7.6 0.1 0.7 2.2 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.0 7.2 0.9 0.4 -1.4 -2.2 1.9 -0.5 -0.9 0.3 0.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 -1.2 -1.0 0.091 0.256 0.327 0.286 Energy.................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuel oil and other fuels....................................... . Fuel oil1...................................................... . Propane, kerosene, and firewood6....................... . Motor fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline (all types). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded regular3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded midgrade3, 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded premium3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor fuels2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy services8................................................. . Electricity8...................................................... . Utility (piped) gas service8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.153 3.524 0.197 0.105 0.092 3.328 3.277 See footnotes at end of table. Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Soups................................................... . Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods1. . . . . . . . . . Snacks1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces. . . . . . . . . . . Salt and other seasonings and spices2, 3. . . . . . . . Olives, pickles, relishes1, 2, 3...................... . Sauces and gravies2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other condiments3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baby food1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous foods1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared salads1, 3, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food away from home1......................................... . Full service meals and snacks1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Limited service meals and snacks1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at employee sites and schools2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at elementary and secondary schools1, 3, 5. . . . . . . Food from vending machines and mobile vendors1, 2. . . . Other food away from home1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less food and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . Household furnishings and supplies9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Window and floor coverings and other linens1, 2. . . . . . . . Floor coverings1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Window coverings1, 2.................................... . Other linens1, 2........................................... . Furniture and bedding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bedroom furniture1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture1, 2. . . Other furniture2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Infants’ furniture1, 3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appliances2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major appliances2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laundry equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other appliances1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other household equipment and furnishings2. . . . . . . . . . . Clocks, lamps, and decorator items1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indoor plants and flowers10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dishes and flatware1, 2.................................. . Nonelectric cookware and tableware2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unadjusted percent change 0.056 0.439 5.780 2.804 2.453 0.198 0.082 0.244 0.122 0.458 0.232 0.104 0.052 0.069 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies2. . . . Tools, hardware and supplies1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outdoor equipment and supplies2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Housekeeping supplies1................................... . Household cleaning products2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household paper products1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous household products1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel......................................................... . Men’s and boys’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear. . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s furnishings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s shirts and sweaters2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s pants and shorts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boys’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s and girls’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s outerwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s dresses..................................... . Women’s suits and separates2...................... . Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and accessories2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Girls’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s footwear1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boys’ and girls’ footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s footwear....................................... . Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry and watches6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Watches1, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry6................................................... . Transportation commodities less motor fuel9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . New vehicles................................................ . New cars and trucks2, 3................................. . New cars3.............................................. . New trucks3, 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Used cars and trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts and equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires1...................................................... . Vehicle accessories other than tires1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires1, 3.. . Motor oil, coolant, and fluids1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal drugs1, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prescription drugs8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonprescription drugs1, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical equipment and supplies1, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation commodities9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video and audio products9................................ . Televisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other video equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audio equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audio discs, tapes and other media1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets and pet products1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 0.670 0.177 0.335 0.852 0.338 0.231 0.282 3.092 0.789 0.638 0.101 0.200 0.181 0.150 0.151 1.245 1.044 0.068 0.152 0.476 -0.7 -1.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 4.0 -0.9 1.7 -1.7 0.0 1.1 1.3 2.1 5.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 1.7 -2.2 -2.7 -2.1 -0.6 -2.4 -6.3 -0.2 5.1 5.1 7.1 8.5 5.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.2 1.4 2.7 3.6 2.3 3.8 1.7 3.2 -1.5 1.4 1.6 0.9 5.2 1.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 0.2 5.8 1.9 1.1 0.4 0.5 8.0 -0.7 0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 -2.8 -3.1 -3.2 -0.6 -4.6 -8.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 4.8 -0.9 -1.5 0.339 0.201 0.679 0.213 0.166 0.300 0.149 0.230 0.082 0.148 6.137 3.687 1.8 0.0 0.1 -0.3 1.3 -0.3 -3.6 3.8 -1.5 6.9 -1.5 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -4.7 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.3 1.4 3.9 4.0 4.7 1.2 1.1 -3.3 -11.8 -18.9 -3.7 -7.5 0.4 -0.2 2.8 5.0 1.9 1.1 2.3 2.3 -1.0 -1.9 -4.0 -0.8 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 1.1 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 2.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 5.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.1 0.9 0.1 -0.6 1.2 5.5 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 -0.4 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.2 -1.6 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 1.1 0.3 -0.5 1.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9 1.8 -1.9 -1.5 2.7 2.4 1.3 3.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.3 -0.2 1.9 3.1 0.5 1.1 1.5 0.2 -2.8 -1.5 -4.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 2.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.6 -0.9 5.7 0.0 1.974 0.382 0.228 0.154 1.858 1.798 1.442 0.357 0.060 1.775 0.213 0.101 0.025 0.058 0.023 0.579 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category Pet food1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories1, 2, 3. . . . Sporting goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sports vehicles including bicycles1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sports equipment........................................ . Photographic equipment and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Film and photographic supplies1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photographic equipment2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational reading materials1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newspapers and magazines1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational books1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other recreational goods2................................. . Toys....... ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toys, games,2 hobbies and playground equipment , 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sewing machines, fabric and supplies1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . Music instruments and accessories1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication commodities9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational books and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . College textbooks1, 3, 12................................. . Information technology commodities9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal computers and peripheral equipment4. . . . . Computer software and accessories1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telephone hardware, calculators, and other consumer information items1, 2...................... . Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home. . . . . . . . Distilled spirits at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whiskey at home1, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home3. . . . . . Wine at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages away from home1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from 1 home , 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wine away from home1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distilled spirits away from home1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other goods9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco and smoking products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cigarettes2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco products other than cigarettes1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . Personal care products1................................... . Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal care products1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and implements1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous personal goods2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap3. . . . . . . . . . . . . Infants’ equipment1, 3, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less energy services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shelter.......................................................... . Rent of shelter13............................................ . Rent of primary residence8............................. . Lodging away from home2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 0.427 0.225 0.193 0.039 -0.2 -0.5 -1.5 0.1 -3.4 5.6 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 0.150 0.088 0.061 0.367 0.295 5.7 1.3 2.7 -0.5 -7.1 -8.3 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.4 -1.3 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 1.2 -2.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.2 -1.1 -6.9 -2.5 -0.3 -2.7 6.0 7.6 -5.5 -5.4 -7.4 -1.9 -1.5 -1.9 -0.9 0.3 0.7 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.6 -0.9 0.4 0.1 -1.5 -1.3 0.6 0.2 2.9 -0.3 -0.3 1.3 -0.2 1.5 1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -1.9 -0.9 0.5 0.7 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 0.242 0.365 -4.1 1.1 0.4 1.6 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.6 2.3 -1.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 1.4 -0.5 0.5 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -1.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 1.536 0.660 0.597 0.046 0.694 3.0 1.8 1.8 0.4 3.6 3.7 2.8 -1.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.371 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.7 -0.2 0.316 0.182 -2.2 -4.5 -0.2 -8.4 2.9 3.5 3.5 3.9 0.4 -1.0 -1.6 -0.1 -1.5 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 -1.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 -1.0 -1.9 0.0 -1.5 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -2.4 0.025 0.034 0.610 0.163 0.446 0.271 0.085 0.090 0.948 0.583 0.268 0.073 60.066 33.561 33.221 7.843 0.910 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category Housing at school, excluding board8, 13. . . . . . . . . . . . Other lodging away from home including hotels and motels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of residences8, 13. . . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence8, 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tenants’ and household insurance1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water and sewer and trash collection services2. . . . . . . . Water and sewerage maintenance8................... . Garbage and trash collection1, 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household operations1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domestic services1, 2.................................... . Gardening and lawncare services1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moving, storage, freight expense2..................... . Repair of household items1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physicians’ services8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dental services8....................................... . Eyeglasses and eye care1, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services by other medical professionals1, 8, 6. . . . . . Hospital and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital services8, 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inpatient hospital services8, 14, 3.................. . Outpatient hospital services8, 3, 6................. . Nursing homes and adult day services8, 14. . . . . . . . . Care of invalids and elderly at home1, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . Health insurance1, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation services.................................... . Leased cars and trucks12............................... . Car and truck rental2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and repair1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle body work1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing1. . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle repair1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle fees1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State motor vehicle registration and license 1 fees , 8, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parking and other fees1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parking fees and tolls1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile service clubs1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline fares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intercity transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercity bus fare1, 3, 4.............................. . Intercity train fare1, 3, 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ship fare1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intracity transportation1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intracity mass transit1, 3, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation services9....................................... . Video and audio services9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite television and radio service11............................................. . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 0.120 3.0 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.790 24.468 0.0 3.5 1.6 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 -2.8 0.2 23.348 0.340 1.174 0.889 0.286 0.849 0.281 0.282 0.113 0.089 6.697 3.147 1.699 0.813 0.321 0.315 2.539 2.268 3.5 0.1 3.6 4.1 2.1 2.5 1.7 3.5 -0.4 5.1 3.4 2.5 3.0 2.1 0.0 3.3 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.8 3.2 -0.1 3.3 3.8 -1.4 -4.4 2.1 2.7 2.0 2.1 8.1 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -1.1 2.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.8 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 -1.5 0.3 0.6 -0.3 -4.3 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.8 0.3 -3.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.7 0.2 1.0 0.5 0.7 2.3 -1.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -1.4 -1.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.4 1.2 0.0 3.925 1.660 6.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 3.5 4.6 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.2 1.5 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.4 0.3 -3.6 1.3 2.0 0.7 1.8 -1.5 -1.2 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 1.4 2.4 0.5 -0.8 -2.4 -1.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.2 1.2 1.5 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 1.558 5.1 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.194 0.076 1.011 5.941 0.548 0.097 1.162 0.057 0.674 0.389 2.501 0.525 0.282 0.232 1.109 0.654 0.174 0.278 1.7 1.3 2.6 -5.8 0.6 0.0 2.3 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure category, March 2017 — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Expenditure category Video discs and other media, including rental of 1 video and audio , 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video discs and other media1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental of1 video or audio discs and other media , 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet services including veterinary2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet services1, 2, 3...................................... . Veterinarian services2, 3.............................. . Photographers and film processing1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photographer fees1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Film processing1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other recreation services2.............................. . Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or other organizations, or participant sports fees1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission 1to movies, theaters, and concerts , 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission to sporting events1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fees for lessons or instructions1, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication services9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuition, other school fees, and childcare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . College tuition and fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . . . Child care and nursery school10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technical and business school tuition and fees2.. . Postage and delivery services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Postage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delivery services2..................................... . Telephone services1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telephone services1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land-line telephone services1, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet services and electronic information providers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other personal services1, 9................................ . Personal care services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Haircuts and other personal care services1, 2. . . . . . Miscellaneous personal services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services1, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Funeral expenses1, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laundry and dry cleaning services1, 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel services other than laundry and dry 1 cleaning , 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial services6.................................... . Checking account and other bank services1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax return preparation and other accounting 2 fees , 3............................................. . 1 Not seasonally adjusted. Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 Special index based on a substantially smaller sample. 4 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. 5 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 7 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base. 2 Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 -1.7 -4.0 -1.9 -3.5 1.6 4.8 0.8 0.5 -1.9 -3.5 1.846 3.8 2.2 1.1 2.4 -0.3 -2.4 -0.1 2.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.5 -1.0 -1.1 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.9 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.646 0.651 2.1 3.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.223 6.299 3.016 1.784 0.313 0.746 0.042 0.139 0.132 0.007 2.426 1.695 0.731 1.3 8.2 3.2 -2.1 2.4 1.9 3.3 3.1 3.2 1.5 1.3 4.2 -7.8 -11.4 1.1 -0.3 -2.1 0.8 -1.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 -5.0 -7.0 -0.3 0.1 5.5 1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.0 -0.2 2.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.6 2.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.8 -0.6 -1.4 1.3 -0.3 -2.1 0.8 -1.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.8 -5.0 -7.0 -0.3 0.706 1.620 0.606 0.606 1.014 0.246 0.144 0.266 -1.7 3.2 1.9 1.9 4.0 5.8 1.9 2.7 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.1 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.027 0.233 1.4 5.4 -0.5 1.7 0.7 -0.6 0.0 0.5 -0.5 1.1 3.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 6.5 3.1 -1.6 1.1 2.4 0.103 0.369 0.048 8 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 10 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 11 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 12 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. 9 Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, special aggregate indexes, March 2017 [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Special aggregate indexes All items less food.................................. . All items less shelter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less food and shelter.................... . All items less food, shelter, and energy. . . . . . . . . . All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and trucks................................... . All items less medical care........................ . All items less energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and beverages. . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less rent of shelter1................... . Services less medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . Durables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables......................................... . Nondurables less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food and beverages. . . . . . . . Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . Housing..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication2................... . Education2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communication2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information and information processing2. . . . Information technology, hardware and services3..................................... . Recreation2.......................................... . Video and audio2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets, pet products and services2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photography2..................................... . Food and beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domestically produced farm food.............. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel less footwear.............................. . Fuels and utilities................................... . Household energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New and used motor vehicles2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities and public transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household furnishings and operations. . . . . . . . . . . Other goods and services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unadjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted percent change Mar. 2016 Feb. 2017 Mar. 2017 Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Dec. 2016Jan. 2017 Jan. 2017Feb. 2017 Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 86.343 66.439 52.783 45.630 236.602 222.363 215.747 224.802 242.791 226.424 220.539 227.066 242.962 226.469 220.508 226.956 2.7 1.8 2.2 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 43.656 91.445 92.847 36.306 229.479 227.545 245.913 178.437 232.534 232.526 250.097 180.607 232.304 232.732 250.277 181.136 1.2 2.3 1.8 1.5 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 17.151 22.649 21.701 63.694 30.473 56.997 9.256 27.050 13.394 12.446 147.024 147.528 144.277 297.024 319.935 282.437 108.525 212.806 183.308 179.677 146.655 150.122 146.864 305.710 328.065 290.543 106.326 217.861 191.649 188.358 146.911 150.691 147.435 305.590 327.067 290.423 106.343 218.705 192.856 189.614 -0.1 2.1 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.8 -2.0 2.8 5.2 5.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.6 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.2 2.2 2.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0 -2.1 -2.2 9.354 10.302 42.579 6.908 3.179 3.729 3.590 216.383 217.611 241.485 139.279 244.876 80.088 76.199 231.377 231.437 248.693 138.796 251.356 77.874 73.974 232.124 232.147 248.978 136.234 251.113 75.275 71.409 7.3 6.7 3.1 -2.2 2.5 -6.0 -6.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 -1.8 -0.1 -3.3 -3.5 2.5 2.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.9 -1.8 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -2.2 -2.0 0.1 -1.8 0.0 -3.5 -3.6 1.163 5.700 1.874 0.948 0.088 14.605 6.567 11.844 2.413 4.999 3.825 8.555 15.405 14.297 6.399 9.895 4.019 3.156 2.496 7.919 117.071 101.510 168.942 74.233 247.677 248.842 345.176 120.371 223.918 186.198 458.620 191.257 185.706 101.180 213.433 122.389 420.632 223.241 7.694 118.375 103.132 170.166 76.153 248.595 245.365 349.503 119.376 233.688 194.837 474.546 199.147 194.019 99.482 216.950 121.508 427.992 226.263 7.666 118.573 104.011 170.197 75.883 248.967 246.104 346.601 121.342 232.714 193.703 474.561 200.091 194.890 99.582 214.482 121.548 428.336 226.301 -3.2 1.3 2.5 0.7 2.2 0.5 -1.1 0.4 0.8 3.9 4.0 3.5 4.6 4.9 -1.6 0.5 -0.7 1.8 1.4 -0.4 0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.8 1.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.1 -1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.3 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.2 2.2 2.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 -1.4 -1.6 -0.6 -1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. 2 Unadjusted percent change Relative importance Feb. 2017 Table 4. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Selected areas, all items index, March 2017 [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Area Pricing Schedule1 Percent change to Mar. 2017 from: Percent change to Feb. 2017 from: Mar. 2016 Jan. 2017 Feb. 2017 Feb. 2016 Dec. 2016 Jan. 2017 2.4 0.4 0.1 2.7 0.9 0.3 Northeast urban. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Size A - More than 1,500,000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2.2 2.3 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 2.6 2.6 2.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 Midwest urban............................................... . Size A - More than 1,500,000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000)4. . . . . . . . . M M M M 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 South urban.................................................. . Size A - More than 1,500,000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000)4. . . . . . . . . M M M M 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.8 2.7 3.0 2.1 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 West urban. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Size A - More than 1,500,000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 3.1 3.2 2.5 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 3.0 3.2 2.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.7 2.5 2.2 2.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 2.8 2.7 2.5 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA7. . . . . . . . . . . . . M New York-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA. . . M 2.0 2.7 2.3 0.0 0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.0 2.2 2.7 2.6 0.9 1.4 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.3 Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleveland-Akron, OH4.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dallas-Fort Worth, TX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV8, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 2.5 1.3 2.2 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 Atlanta, GA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX.......................... . Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL................................. . Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD. . . San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3.5 3.0 2.1 4.0 2.1 3.4 3.4 1.2 0.9 0.6 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.0 U.S. city average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Region and area size2 Size classes 5 A .............................................................. M B/C3........................................................... . M D4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Selected local areas6 1 Foods, fuels, and several other items are priced every month in all areas. Most other goods and services are priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. 2 Regions defined as the four Census regions. 3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 4 This index will be discontinued after December, 2017. 5 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 6 In addition, the following metropolitan areas are published semiannually and appear in Tables 34 and 39 of the January and July issues of the CPI Detailed Report: Anchorage, AK; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN; Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO; Honolulu, HI; Kansas City, MO-KS; Milwaukee-Racine, WI; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI; Phoenix-Mesa, AZ; Pittsburgh, PA; Portland-Salem, OR-WA; St. Louis, MO-IL; San Diego, CA; Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL. 7 Los Angeles and Riverside will have separate indexes beginning January, 2018. The Los Angeles index will continue to be published monthly. A Riverside index will be published for odd months beginning January, 2018. 8 Indexes on a November 1996=100 base. 9 This index will be discontinued after December, 2017. Washington DC and Baltimore will have separate indexes beginning January, 2018. A Washington DC index will be published for odd months beginning January, 2018. A Baltimore index will be published for even months beginning February, 2018. NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 5. Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) and the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, all items index, March 2017 [Percent changes] Month Year December December December December December December December December December December December December December December December Unadjusted 12-month percent change C-CPI-U1 CPI-U 2.6 1.3 2.0 1.7 3.2 2.9 2.3 3.7 0.2 2.5 1.3 2.9 1.5 1.3 0.5 3.4 1.6 2.4 1.9 3.3 3.4 2.5 4.1 0.1 2.7 1.5 3.0 1.7 1.5 0.8 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.3 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.6 2.9 2.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.4 CPI-U 2000............................ . 2001............................ . 2002............................ . 2003............................ . 2004............................ . 2005............................ . 2006............................ . 2007............................ . 2008............................ . 2009............................ . 2010............................ . 2011............................ . 2012............................ . 2013............................ . 2014............................ . January 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 2015................................. . April 2015................................... . May 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 2015................................ . September 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November 2015............................ . December 2015............................ . January 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 2016................................. . April 2016................................... . May 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 2016................................ . September 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November 2016............................ . December 2016............................ . January 2017. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 2017. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 2017................................. . 1 Unadjusted 1-month percent change C-CPI-U1 -0.5 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 The C-CPI-U is designed to be a closer approximation to a cost-of-living index in that it, in its final form, accounts for any substitution that consumers make across item categories in response to changes in relative prices. Since the expenditure data required for the calculation of the C-CPI-U are available only with a time lag, the C-CPI-U is being issued first in preliminary form using the latest available expenditure data at that time and is subject to two revisions. Indexes are issued as initial estimates. Indexes are revised each quarter with the publication of January, April, July, and October data as updated expenditure estimates become available. The C-CPI-U indexes are updated quarterly until they become final. January-March indexes are final in January of the following year; April-June indexes are final in April of the following year; July-September indexes are final in July of the following year; October-December indexes are final in October of the following year. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category All items................................................................ . Food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereals and bakery products................................ . Cereals and cereal products.............................. . Flour and prepared flour mixes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Breakfast cereal4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rice, pasta, cornmeal4.................................. . Rice4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bakery products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bread4, 5................................................ . White bread4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bread other than white4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies...................... . Cookies6............................................. . Fresh cakes and cupcakes4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other bakery products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts4, 6. . . . Crackers, bread, and cracker products6. . . . . . . . . Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies, tarts, turnovers6.................................. . Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs............................... . Meats, poultry, and fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beef and veal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked ground beef4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked beef roasts4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked beef steaks5............................ . Uncooked other beef and veal4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork..................................................... . Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related products5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bacon and related products6................... . Breakfast sausage and related products5, 6. . . Ham.................................................. . Ham, excluding canned6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork chops4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other pork including roasts and picnics5. . . . . . . . . Other meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frankfurters6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lunchmeats5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb and organ meats4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb and mutton4, 5, 6............................. . Poultry4................................................. . Chicken4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh whole chicken4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh and frozen chicken parts4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other poultry including turkey5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fish and seafood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fish and seafood5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fish and seafood5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 100.000 13.657 7.877 1.060 0.355 0.043 0.183 0.130 0.705 0.211 0.102 0.172 0.220 1.735 1.632 1.030 0.457 0.184 0.061 0.164 0.047 0.321 0.137 0.056 0.052 0.075 0.252 0.339 0.274 0.065 0.264 0.144 0.120 Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.4 1.4 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 2.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 1.2 0.2 2.2 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.2 1.1 2.7 -1.5 -1.9 1.5 2.8 4.8 -0.5 3.8 4.4 0.8 -0.2 1.3 5.0 0.7 0.5 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 0.047 0.037 0.003 -0.001 0.001 0.000 -0.001 0.003 -0.001 0.003 -0.001 0.003 0.006 0.008 0.007 -0.001 0.002 0.002 -0.003 -0.001 0.005 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.000 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.03 0.06 0.11 0.23 0.42 0.68 0.63 0.71 0.76 0.29 0.51 0.72 0.78 0.63 0.49 0.78 0.77 0.56 1.10 0.95 S-Jan.2015 L-Sep.2015 L-May 2014 L-Oct.2015 S-Aug.2016 L-Jul.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 S-Sep.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Mar.2016 S-Aug.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Apr.2008 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Jul.2015 S-Jan.2017 L-Aug.2013 -0.6 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.6 1.6 -1.2 -1.3 -2.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 2.7 0.6 1.1 -0.6 1.4 -1.5 3.3 0.96 0.24 0.24 0.28 0.43 0.56 1.03 0.82 0.89 0.50 L-Nov.2016 L-Jan.2017 – L-Sep.2014 S-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2015 L-May 2016 S-Jul.2016 S-May 2015 – 0.9 0.7 – 1.4 -0.7 1.3 2.9 -2.0 -2.5 – 0.71 1.07 1.07 1.03 1.14 1.31 1.04 0.52 1.86 0.61 1.17 1.27 0.60 0.68 1.68 0.90 0.83 0.55 0.84 0.62 L-May 2014 L-Oct.2010 S-Nov.2016 L-Apr.2008 L-Apr.2008 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-May 2014 L-Jul.2011 L-Sep.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Apr.2016 L-Apr.2016 L-Apr.2016 L-Sep.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Sep.2015 S-Sep.2015 S-Nov.2013 3.5 5.6 -1.1 7.0 7.5 -2.5 -2.5 1.3 5.5 0.7 1.1 4.1 1.0 1.1 2.9 1.4 0.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Shelf stable fish and seafood4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen fish and seafood6....................... . Eggs....................................................... . Dairy and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milk4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh whole milk6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh milk other than whole5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheese and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ice cream and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other dairy and related products4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apples...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bananas4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citrus fruits5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oranges, including tangerines6................... . Other fresh fruits5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Potatoes................................................ . Lettuce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomatoes4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other fresh vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned fruits and vegetables5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned fruits5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned vegetables5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen fruits and vegetables5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen vegetables6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other processed fruits and vegetables including dried5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dried beans, peas, and lentils4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . . . Juices and nonalcoholic drinks5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carbonated drinks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4, 5. . . . . . . . . . Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks5. . . . . . . . . Beverage materials including coffee and tea5. . . . . . . . . . . Coffee..... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roasted coffee6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instant and freeze dried coffee4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other beverage materials including tea4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . Other food at home........................................... . Sugar and sweets4......................................... . Sugar and artificial sweeteners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Candy and chewing gum4, 5............................ . Other sweets5............................................ . Fats and oils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butter and margarine5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butter6....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Margarine6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salad dressing5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other fats and oils including peanut butter5. . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 0.103 0.821 0.231 0.264 0.119 0.207 1.327 1.036 0.557 0.083 0.086 0.146 0.242 0.479 0.080 0.062 0.082 0.256 0.292 0.153 0.085 0.054 0.960 0.676 0.273 0.011 0.393 0.284 0.177 0.107 1.974 0.286 0.049 0.181 0.056 0.232 0.068 0.056 0.108 Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 -2.0 -1.5 -1.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 1.6 1.7 2.4 1.8 -0.5 -2.0 -1.6 6.4 0.9 -0.8 4.7 -2.0 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.9 1.1 0.7 2.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -1.9 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.3 2.3 -0.5 1.2 0.5 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 -0.002 -0.005 -0.001 -0.002 -0.001 -0.001 0.021 0.018 0.013 0.001 0.000 -0.003 0.015 0.004 -0.001 0.003 -0.002 0.002 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000 -0.002 0.013 0.001 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.87 0.88 0.94 0.26 0.35 0.48 0.57 0.47 0.76 0.58 0.28 0.33 0.48 0.97 0.70 0.95 1.35 0.86 0.55 1.11 1.38 1.30 0.82 0.45 0.58 0.77 0.80 0.93 1.27 S-Mar.2013 S-Dec.2015 L-Jan.2017 S-Oct.2015 S-Nov.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Aug.2015 S-Sep.2016 S-Nov.2016 L-Mar.2011 L-Mar.2011 L-Mar.2014 L-Oct.2015 S-Nov.2016 S-Jul.2016 S-Aug.2016 L-Jul.2011 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 – L-Apr.2016 L-Apr.2016 S-Jan.2017 L-Apr.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Nov.2016 -2.3 -1.5 14.3 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 0.1 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 1.9 2.2 3.2 3.0 -0.5 -2.0 -2.3 7.3 -3.0 -3.0 -4.9 -2.3 – 1.4 1.4 -1.5 1.0 1.1 1.8 0.81 0.82 0.34 0.42 0.75 0.58 0.50 0.51 0.72 0.96 1.06 0.65 0.20 0.47 0.71 0.68 0.67 0.42 0.81 1.05 0.89 0.83 0.56 L-Oct.2011 L-Nov.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Jun.2016 L-Jan.2012 L-Jan.2017 L-Aug.2016 L-Mar.2016 S-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Oct.2016 L-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 2.8 1.4 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.1 -1.2 -1.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.9 -1.8 1.0 2.0 3.9 -0.6 2.1 -1.8 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Peanut butter4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other foods............................................... . Soups................................................... . Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods4. . . . . . . . . . Snacks4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces. . . . . . . . . . . Salt and other seasonings and spices5, 6. . . . . . . . Olives, pickles, relishes4, 5, 6...................... . Sauces and gravies5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other condiments6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baby food4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous foods4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared salads4, 7, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food away from home4......................................... . Full service meals and snacks4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Limited service meals and snacks4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at employee sites and schools5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at elementary and secondary schools4, 8, 6. . . . . . . Food from vending machines and mobile vendors4, 5. . . . Other food away from home4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy.................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuel oil and other fuels....................................... . Fuel oil4...................................................... . Propane, kerosene, and firewood9....................... . Motor fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline (all types). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded regular6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded midgrade10, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded premium6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor fuels5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy services11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electricity11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utility (piped) gas service11.................................. . All items less food and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . Household furnishings and supplies12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Window and floor coverings and other linens4, 5. . . . . . . . Floor coverings4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Window coverings4, 5.................................... . Other linens4, 5........................................... . Furniture and bedding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bedroom furniture4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture4, 5. . . Other furniture5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Infants’ furniture4, 8, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appliances5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major appliances5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laundry equipment6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other appliances4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other household equipment and furnishings5. . . . . . . . . . . Clocks, lamps, and decorator items4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 1.456 0.091 0.256 0.327 0.286 0.056 0.439 5.780 2.804 2.453 0.198 0.082 0.244 7.153 3.524 0.197 0.105 0.092 3.328 3.277 Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 1.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.4 1.4 0.7 1.5 3.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.8 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 0.010 0.000 -0.001 0.005 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.009 0.004 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.051 3.628 2.814 0.814 -3.2 -6.0 -4.1 -0.8 -0.3 -6.1 -6.2 -6.4 -5.3 -5.3 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.001 -0.011 -0.004 -0.006 79.191 19.125 3.170 0.256 0.057 0.053 0.145 0.755 0.263 0.360 0.127 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -1.2 -0.096 -0.063 -0.003 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 -0.006 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.180 0.055 0.5 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.001 0.000 0.122 0.458 0.232 -0.238 -0.227 -0.008 -0.001 0.000 -0.220 -0.219 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.93 0.25 0.95 0.60 0.66 0.55 0.81 1.20 0.81 0.80 0.64 0.41 0.71 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.17 0.04 L-Dec.2016 L-Jul.2014 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-Feb.2015 L-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jun.2015 L-Nov.2016 L-Oct.2016 – S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 – L-Dec.2015 3.8 0.7 -0.2 -2.1 2.7 0.9 1.8 5.1 0.6 -0.1 -1.2 0.6 3.6 – 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 – 0.3 0.09 0.15 0.39 0.48 0.63 0.15 0.16 0.65 0.63 0.56 0.23 0.08 0.09 0.10 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Dec.2015 S-Nov.2016 S-Oct.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Jun.2016 S-Jun.2016 S-Dec.2015 -4.8 -10.2 -5.8 -1.2 -0.4 -10.6 -10.7 -10.9 -10.3 -10.4 -6.7 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5 0.04 0.08 0.15 0.60 0.54 1.05 0.91 0.34 0.42 0.47 0.67 0.55 0.60 0.72 1.15 0.79 0.41 0.57 S-Jan.2010 S-Mar.2016 – L-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Jan.2017 – S-Mar.2016 – L-Jul.2014 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 -0.1 -0.3 – 1.9 0.1 0.3 -4.2 -0.8 0.1 – -1.5 – 0.5 0.7 2.2 -1.6 1.1 1.5 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Indoor plants and flowers13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dishes and flatware4, 5.................................. . Nonelectric cookware and tableware5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies5. . . . Tools, hardware and supplies4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outdoor equipment and supplies5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Housekeeping supplies4................................... . Household cleaning products5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household paper products4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous household products4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel......................................................... . Men’s and boys’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear. . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s furnishings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s shirts and sweaters5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s pants and shorts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boys’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s and girls’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s outerwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s dresses..................................... . Women’s suits and separates5...................... . Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and accessories5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Girls’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s footwear4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boys’ and girls’ footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s footwear....................................... . Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry and watches9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Watches4, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry9................................................... . Transportation commodities less motor fuel12. . . . . . . . . . . . . New vehicles................................................ . New cars and trucks5, 6................................. . New cars6.............................................. . New trucks14, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Used cars and trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts and equipment4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires4...................................................... . Vehicle accessories other than tires4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires4, 6.. . Motor oil, coolant, and fluids4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal drugs4, 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prescription drugs11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonprescription drugs4, 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical equipment and supplies4, 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation commodities12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video and audio products12............................... . Televisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 0.104 0.052 0.069 0.670 0.177 0.335 0.852 0.338 0.231 0.282 3.092 0.789 0.638 0.101 0.200 0.181 0.150 0.151 1.245 1.044 0.068 0.152 0.476 0.5 -1.2 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 -2.8 -3.1 -3.2 -0.6 -4.6 -8.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 4.8 -0.9 -1.5 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.001 -0.022 -0.022 -0.020 -0.003 -0.001 -0.008 -0.012 0.000 0.005 -0.001 0.003 -0.001 -0.007 0.339 0.201 0.679 0.213 0.166 0.300 0.149 0.230 0.082 0.148 6.137 3.687 1.9 3.1 0.5 1.1 1.5 0.2 -2.8 -1.5 -4.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 2.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.007 0.006 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.001 -0.004 -0.004 -0.003 0.000 -0.027 -0.011 Relative importance Feb. 2017 1.974 0.382 0.228 0.154 1.858 1.798 1.442 0.357 0.060 1.775 0.213 0.101 -0.018 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.001 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.57 1.22 0.60 0.22 0.42 0.26 0.22 0.36 0.43 0.38 0.37 0.63 0.67 1.50 1.34 1.09 1.28 1.60 0.62 0.69 2.01 1.69 0.82 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-May 2016 L-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-Feb.2016 S-Mar.2016 S-EVER S-EVER S-Apr.2015 S-Dec.2016 S-EVER S-EVER S-Jan.2017 – S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Sep.2016 S-Oct.2014 1.0 -3.3 -1.2 0.1 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.9 – – -3.5 -0.7 – – -1.5 – -0.4 0.9 -1.3 -1.5 1.16 1.60 0.60 1.01 1.05 0.90 1.33 1.25 1.51 1.40 0.07 0.12 0.15 0.17 0.15 0.02 0.27 0.33 0.42 0.36 0.83 0.26 0.27 0.33 0.46 0.54 0.17 0.54 0.85 L-Dec.2011 L-Aug.2016 L-Oct.2016 S-Jan.2017 L-Mar.2015 L-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2015 S-Sep.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-EVER S-Apr.2016 S-Apr.2016 S-Apr.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2014 L-Dec.2016 L-Aug.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Aug.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Sep.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Oct.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 2.2 4.2 0.8 0.1 2.5 0.7 -4.1 -1.5 -4.4 -0.7 – -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.2 3.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -1.2 -2.5 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Other video equipment5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audio equipment4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audio discs, tapes and other media4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets and pet products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet food4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories4, 5, 6. . . . Sporting goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sports vehicles including bicycles4. . .................. . Sports equipment........................................ . Photographic equipment and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Film and photographic supplies4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photographic equipment5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational reading materials4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newspapers and magazines4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational books4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other recreational goods5................................. . Toys....... ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toys, games,5 hobbies and playground equipment , 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sewing machines, fabric and supplies4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . Music instruments and accessories4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication commodities12. . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational books and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . College textbooks4, 15, 6................................. . Information technology commodities12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal computers and peripheral equipment7. . . . . Computer software and accessories4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telephone hardware, calculators, and other consumer information items4, 5...................... . Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home. . . . . . . . Distilled spirits at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whiskey at home4, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home6. . . . . . Wine at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages away from home4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from 4 home , 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wine away from home4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distilled spirits away from home4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other goods12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco and smoking products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cigarettes5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco products other than cigarettes4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . Personal care products4................................... . Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal care products4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and implements4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous personal goods5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap6. . . . . . . . . . . . . Infants’ equipment4, 8, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 0.000 -0.001 0.001 0.000 0.427 0.225 0.193 0.039 -1.6 -0.9 5.7 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 0.150 0.088 0.061 0.367 0.295 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.2 -1.1 Relative importance Feb. 2017 0.025 0.058 0.023 0.579 0.025 0.034 0.610 0.163 0.446 0.271 0.085 0.090 0.948 0.583 0.268 0.073 -1.5 -1.5 -1.9 -0.9 0.5 0.7 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change -0.001 -0.002 0.000 0.000 0.67 1.01 0.72 0.26 0.30 0.48 0.29 0.37 0.46 0.73 S-Jul.2015 S-Oct.2016 L-Aug.2002 L-Dec.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Sep.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jun.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Apr.2016 -1.8 -1.7 6.0 0.0 -0.8 0.5 -0.4 -1.2 -0.1 -2.7 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.005 -0.003 0.80 0.67 0.85 0.95 0.38 0.43 S-Apr.2016 L-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2016 S-Jun.2016 S-Oct.2016 -3.6 1.4 -1.0 0.5 -1.3 -1.2 0.49 1.25 0.26 0.31 0.42 0.50 0.39 0.47 1.26 S-Feb.2015 S-Sep.2016 S-Jan.2007 S-May 2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2014 S-Dec.2014 S-Nov.2016 -2.4 -2.3 -1.9 -0.9 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -2.1 0.000 0.000 0.59 0.13 0.21 0.25 0.35 0.49 0.52 0.41 0.12 S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-May 2014 L-Jan.2017 L-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 -1.8 0.2 0.3 0.3 1.0 1.4 1.1 0.5 0.1 S-Sep.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2014 L-Aug.2016 L-Aug.2016 S-Oct.2016 S-Nov.2014 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 0.000 -0.001 -0.006 0.001 -0.006 -0.004 -0.001 0.242 0.365 -1.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.001 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.001 1.536 0.660 0.597 0.046 0.694 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.004 0.003 0.003 0.000 -0.004 0.19 0.09 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.15 0.34 0.31 0.371 -0.2 -0.001 0.40 S-Nov.2016 -0.3 0.316 0.182 -1.0 -1.9 0.0 -1.5 -0.003 -0.004 0.43 0.56 0.57 0.59 S-Nov.2014 S-Oct.2003 – L-Jan.2017 -1.0 -2.4 – -0.1 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Services less energy services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shelter.......................................................... . Rent of shelter16............................................ . Rent of primary residence11............................ . Lodging away from home5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Housing at school, excluding board11, 16. . . . . . . . . . . Other lodging away from home including hotels and motels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of residences11, 16. . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence11, 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tenants’ and household insurance4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water and sewer and trash collection services5. . . . . . . . Water and sewerage maintenance11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garbage and trash collection4, 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . Household operations4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domestic services4, 5.................................... . Gardening and lawncare services4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moving, storage, freight expense5..................... . Repair of household items4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physicians’ services11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dental services11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eyeglasses and eye care4, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services by other medical professionals4, 11, 9. . . . . Hospital and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital services11, 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inpatient hospital services11, 17, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient hospital services11, 9, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing homes and adult day services11, 17. . . . . . . Care of invalids and elderly at home4, 8. . . . . . . . . . . . Health insurance4, 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation services.................................... . Leased cars and trucks15............................... . Car and truck rental5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and repair4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle body work4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing4. . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle repair4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle fees4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State motor vehicle registration and license 4 fees , 11, 5............................................ . Parking and other fees4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parking fees and tolls4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile service clubs4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline fares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intercity transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercity bus fare4, 7, 6.............................. . Intercity train fare4, 7, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ship fare4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 60.066 33.561 33.221 7.843 0.910 0.120 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -2.4 0.2 -0.034 0.040 0.046 0.021 -0.023 0.000 0.790 24.468 -2.8 0.2 23.348 0.340 1.174 0.889 0.286 0.849 0.281 0.282 0.113 0.089 6.697 3.147 1.699 0.813 0.321 0.315 2.539 2.268 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 Relative importance Feb. 2017 0.194 0.076 1.011 5.941 0.548 0.097 1.162 0.057 0.674 0.389 2.501 0.525 0.282 0.232 1.109 0.654 0.174 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -1.4 -1.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.4 1.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.2 1.2 1.5 0.9 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 1.49 0.10 S-Jan.2010 S-Jun.2014 S-Oct.2013 – S-Oct.2013 – -0.2 0.1 0.1 – -2.8 – -0.023 0.041 1.71 0.03 S-Jun.2015 S-Jan.2017 -2.8 0.2 0.039 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.008 -0.002 -0.006 0.004 -0.002 0.001 0.010 0.009 0.03 0.14 0.08 0.10 0.06 0.11 0.03 0.13 0.65 0.23 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.16 0.29 0.22 0.11 0.12 0.25 0.35 0.11 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.48 1.88 0.16 0.19 0.21 0.18 0.13 0.12 S-Jan.2017 L-Nov.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Apr.2012 L-Jan.2017 – – L-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 S-Oct.2016 S-Jun.2016 S-Feb.2015 L-Apr.2016 S-Jan.2015 – – – L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Aug.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Aug.2015 S-Oct.2016 S-Dec.2013 L-Dec.2016 S-Sep.2016 L-Nov.2016 S-Sep.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Jul.2013 – 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.1 – – 1.2 1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.8 – – – 0.2 0.2 0.4 -1.5 -0.2 -0.1 -1.9 0.3 -0.2 1.0 -0.5 0.7 1.3 – 0.02 0.13 0.17 0.11 0.37 0.58 0.57 0.89 0.92 0.87 S-Dec.2016 L-Nov.2016 – L-Nov.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2016 L-Nov.2016 -0.1 1.9 – 9.9 -0.7 -1.3 -0.6 1.8 6.5 1.3 0.001 0.000 -0.002 0.021 -0.007 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 -0.002 0.002 0.029 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Intracity transportation4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intracity mass transit4, 12, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation services12...................................... . Video and audio services12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite television and radio service14............................................. . Video discs and other media, including rental of video and audio4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video discs and other media4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental of4 video or audio discs and other media , 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet services including veterinary5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet services4, 5, 6...................................... . Veterinarian services5, 6.............................. . Photographers and film processing4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photographer fees4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Film processing4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other recreation services5.............................. . Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or other organizations, or participant sports fees4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission 4to movies, theaters, and concerts , 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission to sporting events4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fees for lessons or instructions4, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication services12............... . Tuition, other school fees, and childcare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . College tuition and fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . . . Child care and nursery school13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technical and business school tuition and fees5.. . Postage and delivery services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Postage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delivery services5..................................... . Telephone services4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telephone services4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land-line telephone services4, 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet services and electronic information providers5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other personal services4, 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal care services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Haircuts and other personal care services4, 5. . . . . . Miscellaneous personal services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services4, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Funeral expenses4, 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laundry and dry cleaning services4, 5. . . . . . . . ...... . Apparel services other than laundry and dry 4 cleaning , 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial services9.................................... . Checking account and other bank services4, 5, 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax return preparation and other accounting 5 fees , 6............................................. . See footnotes at end of table. Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 0.000 3.925 1.660 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 1.558 0.103 Relative importance Feb. 2017 0.278 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.007 0.006 0.04 0.07 0.16 0.13 – – S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 – – 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.008 0.12 S-Dec.2016 0.4 -1.9 -3.5 -0.002 0.95 1.51 S-Oct.2016 S-Jun.2015 -2.4 -5.0 0.001 0.23 0.14 0.19 0.15 0.31 0.06 0.48 0.30 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 – S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 – S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 0.2 -0.6 – -0.6 -0.5 – -1.1 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.29 0.62 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 -0.2 -0.8 S-Oct.2016 S-Nov.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-EVER S-Aug.2000 S-Jan.2017 S-Sep.2016 S-Nov.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 – S-EVER S-EVER S-Sep.2016 -0.7 -5.1 1.4 – -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.5 0.0 -0.2 – – – -0.8 1.846 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.646 0.651 0.0 0.0 0.223 6.299 3.016 1.784 0.313 0.746 0.042 0.139 0.132 0.007 2.426 1.695 0.731 -0.3 -2.1 0.8 -1.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.8 -5.0 -7.0 -0.3 0.002 -0.122 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.120 -0.118 -0.002 0.54 2.29 0.25 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.02 0.00 0.37 0.11 0.12 0.20 0.706 1.620 0.606 0.606 1.014 0.246 0.144 0.266 -0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.003 0.007 0.002 0.002 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.44 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.13 0.12 0.09 0.10 L-Jan.2017 L-May 2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Jul.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 -0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.0 0.5 0.027 0.233 -0.5 1.1 0.000 0.003 0.10 0.27 S-EVER L-Sep.2016 – 1.2 0.369 0.048 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.10 – 2.4 0.35 L-Jan.2015 – 3.0 Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] One Month Expenditure category Seasonally adjusted percent change Feb. 2017Mar. 2017 Seasonally adjusted effect on All Items Feb. 2017Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 86.343 66.439 52.783 45.630 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.334 -0.328 -0.375 -0.137 43.656 91.445 92.847 36.306 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 17.151 22.649 21.701 63.694 30.473 56.997 9.256 27.050 13.394 12.446 9.354 10.302 42.579 6.908 3.179 3.729 3.590 1.163 5.700 1.874 0.948 0.088 14.605 6.567 11.844 2.413 4.999 3.825 8.555 15.405 14.297 6.399 9.895 4.019 3.156 2.496 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0 -2.1 -2.2 -2.2 -2.0 0.1 -1.8 0.0 -3.5 -3.6 -0.8 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 -1.4 -1.6 -0.6 -1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 Relative importance Feb. 2017 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) seasonally adjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05 S-Jan.2015 S-Jan.2015 S-Jan.2015 S-EVER -0.7 -1.0 -1.3 – -0.118 -0.300 -0.050 -0.244 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 S-EVER S-Jan.2015 S-Jan.2010 S-Feb.2016 – -0.6 -0.1 -0.8 -0.045 -0.290 -0.292 -0.045 -0.083 -0.037 -0.031 -0.269 -0.280 -0.280 -0.214 -0.211 0.024 -0.127 0.002 -0.129 -0.129 -0.009 0.001 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.049 0.045 -0.107 -0.025 -0.017 -0.019 0.012 -0.226 -0.228 -0.037 -0.117 0.000 0.001 -0.002 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.11 0.12 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.13 0.13 0.32 0.12 0.15 0.16 0.38 0.06 0.11 0.07 0.42 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.13 0.09 0.11 S-Apr.2010 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Jan.2010 S-Oct.2006 S-May 2009 – S-Jan.2015 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Mar.2016 S-EVER S-Jan.2017 S-EVER S-EVER L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 – S-Apr.2016 L-Sep.2015 L-May 2014 S-EVER S-Mar.2016 S-Jan.2016 S-Jan.2016 – S-Feb.2016 S-Feb.2016 S-Oct.2003 S-Jan.1966 L-Jan.2017 S-Oct.2016 S-Oct.2016 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 – -2.3 -2.2 -2.4 -4.3 -3.8 0.1 – 0.0 – – 0.2 0.0 0.2 – -1.3 0.3 0.8 – -1.0 -0.4 -0.6 – -2.0 -2.2 -0.7 -1.4 0.3 0.0 -0.1 Special aggregate indexes All items less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less shelter............................................... . All items less food and shelter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less food, shelter, and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and trucks.............................................................. . All items less medical care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less energy............................................... . Commodities........................................................ . Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and trucks................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less rent of shelter16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durables............................................................. . Nondurables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food and beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Housing.............................................................. . Education and communication5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education5........................................................ . Communication5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information and information processing5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information technology, hardware and services18. . . . . . . . . Recreation5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video and audio5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets, pet products and services5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photography5..................................................... . Food and beverages............................................... . Domestically produced farm food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel less footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuels and utilities................................................... . Household energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New and used motor vehicles5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities and public transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household furnishings and operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other goods and services......................................... . Personal care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The ’effect’ of an item category is a measure of that item’s contribution to the All items price change. For example, if the Food index had an effect of 0.40, and the All items index rose 1.2 percent, then the increase in food prices contributed 0.40 / 1.2, or 33.3 percent, to that All items increase. Said another way, had food prices been unchanged for that month the change in the All items index would have been 1.2 percent minus 0.40, or 0.8 percent. Effects can be negative as well. For example, if the effect of food was a negative 0.1, and the All items index rose 0.5 percent, the All items index actually would have been 0.1 percent higher (or 0.6 percent) had food prices been unchanged. Since food prices fell while prices overall were rising, the contribution of food to the All items price change was negative (in this case, -0.1 / 0.5, or minus 20 percent). 2 A statistic’s margin of error is often expressed as its point estimate plus or minus two standard errors. For example, if a CPI category rose 0.6 percent, and its standard error was 0.15 percent, the margin of error on this item’s 1-month percent change would be 0.6 percent, plus or minus 0.3 percent. If the current seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change is greater than the previous published 1-month percent change, then this column identifies the closest prior month with a 1-month percent change as (L)arge as or (L)arger than the current 1-month change. If the current 1-month percent change is smaller than the previous published 1-month percent change, the most recent month with a change as (S)mall or (S)maller than the current month change is identified. If the current and previous published 1-month percent changes are equal, a dash will appear. Standard numerical comparisons are used. For example, 0.8% is greater than 0.6%, -0.4% is less than -0.2%, and -0.2% is less than 0.0%. Note that a (L)arger change can be a smaller decline, for example, a -0.2% change is larger than a -0.4% change, but still represents a decline in the price index. Likewise, (S)maller changes can be increases, for example, a 0.6% change is smaller than 0.8%, but still represents an increase in the price index. In this context, a -0.2% change is considered to be smaller than a 0.0% change. 4 Not seasonally adjusted. 5 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 6 Special indexes based on a substantially smaller sample. These series do not contribute to the all items index aggregation and therefore do not have a relative importance or effect. 7 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. 8 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base. 9 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 10 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base. 11 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 12 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 15 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 16 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 17 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 18 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. 3 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category All items................................................................ . Food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereals and bakery products................................ . Cereals and cereal products.............................. . Flour and prepared flour mixes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Breakfast cereal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rice, pasta, cornmeal................................... . Rice4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bakery products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bread4....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ . White bread5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... . Bread other than white5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies...................... . Cookies5............................................. . Fresh cakes and cupcakes5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other bakery products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts5. . . . . . Crackers, bread, and cracker products5. . . . . . . . . Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies, tarts, turnovers5.................................. . Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs............................... . Meats, poultry, and fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beef and veal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked ground beef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked beef roasts4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncooked beef steaks4............................ . Uncooked other beef and veal4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork..................................................... . Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bacon and related products5................... . Breakfast sausage and related products4, 5. . . Ham.................................................. . Ham, excluding canned5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pork chops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other pork including roasts and picnics4. . . . . . . . . Other meats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frankfurters5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lunchmeats4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb and organ meats5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb and mutton4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poultry.................................................. . Chicken4............................................. . Fresh whole chicken5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh and frozen chicken parts5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other poultry including turkey4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fish and seafood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fish and seafood4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fish and seafood4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shelf stable fish and seafood5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 100.000 13.657 7.877 1.060 0.355 0.043 0.183 0.130 2.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -1.3 -0.1 -0.7 -2.6 -2.8 0.1 -0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.9 0.5 1.5 0.705 0.211 0.102 0.172 0.220 1.735 1.632 1.030 0.457 0.184 0.061 0.164 0.047 0.321 0.137 0.056 0.052 0.075 0.252 0.339 0.274 0.065 0.264 0.144 0.120 0.1 -2.6 -1.1 -2.3 -4.9 -5.0 -5.0 -5.2 -3.0 0.9 3.3 6.6 -0.8 0.8 0.8 -3.0 -0.7 -1.5 -1.7 -2.0 -2.1 -4.6 0.4 0.6 -1.5 0.6 -0.4 1.7 3.2 -0.1 -2.1 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 0.067 -0.070 -0.004 -0.005 0.000 -0.001 -0.003 0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 -0.048 -0.019 -0.025 -0.024 -0.010 -0.003 -0.009 -0.001 0.003 0.005 0.000 -0.002 -0.001 -0.004 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.004 0.005 0.000 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.06 0.09 0.14 0.30 0.57 0.80 0.87 1.01 1.43 0.35 0.73 0.87 1.12 0.84 0.76 1.34 1.00 0.67 1.58 1.19 S-Dec.2016 L-May 2016 L-May 2016 L-Jun.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2015 L-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2012 S-Jul.2016 L-Jun.2016 – S-Jan.2017 – L-Jun.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Oct.2016 L-Nov.2015 L-Dec.2016 L-Jul.2015 2.1 0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 -2.7 -3.3 0.3 – -0.6 – 0.9 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.12 0.33 0.32 0.36 0.46 0.64 1.06 0.88 1.35 0.76 L-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2015 L-Aug.2015 L-Nov.2015 S-Dec.2016 L-Nov.2015 L-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Mar.2015 0.2 -2.2 -0.2 -2.1 -5.6 -3.3 -4.9 -5.4 -3.3 2.2 1.08 1.42 1.23 1.78 1.83 1.93 1.60 0.74 2.77 0.69 1.87 2.35 0.68 0.78 1.86 1.15 1.46 0.93 1.61 1.08 1.12 L-May 2016 L-May 2016 L-Apr.2015 L-May 2015 L-Apr.2015 L-Aug.2016 L-Mar.2015 L-Jun.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Jun.2015 L-Jun.2015 L-Dec.2016 L-Apr.2015 L-Apr.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Sep.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jul.2016 3.4 10.3 0.6 1.1 2.9 -0.5 5.4 -0.8 -0.4 -1.7 1.0 -2.5 1.0 1.1 1.0 3.3 -0.4 1.1 2.8 -1.6 -2.3 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category Frozen fish and seafood5....................... . Eggs....................................................... . Dairy and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milk4.......................................................... . Fresh whole milk5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh milk other than whole4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheese and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ice cream and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other dairy and related products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits and vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh fruits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apples....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bananas................................................ . Citrus fruits4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oranges, including tangerines5................... . Other fresh fruits4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fresh vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Potatoes................................................ . Lettuce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomatoes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other fresh vegetables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processed fruits and vegetables4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned fruits and vegetables4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned fruits4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canned vegetables4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen fruits and vegetables4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen vegetables5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other processed fruits and vegetables including dried4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dried beans, peas, and lentils4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . . . Juices and nonalcoholic drinks4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carbonated drinks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4. . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4. . . . . . . . . Beverage materials including coffee and tea4. . . . . . . . . . . Coffee..... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roasted coffee5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instant and freeze dried coffee5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other beverage materials including tea4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other food at home........................................... . Sugar and sweets.......................................... . Sugar and artificial sweeteners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Candy and chewing gum4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other sweets4............................................ . Fats and oils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butter and margarine4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butter5....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Margarine5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salad dressing4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other fats and oils including peanut butter4. . . . . . . . . . Peanut butter4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other foods............................................... . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 0.103 0.821 0.231 0.264 0.119 0.207 1.327 1.036 0.557 0.083 0.086 0.146 0.242 0.479 0.080 0.062 0.082 0.256 0.292 0.153 0.085 0.054 0.960 0.676 0.273 0.011 0.393 0.284 0.177 0.107 1.974 0.286 0.049 0.181 0.056 0.232 0.068 0.056 0.108 1.456 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 1.4 -21.8 0.2 0.6 1.5 0.0 -0.7 0.6 0.7 -1.8 -2.2 -0.5 -5.3 -1.3 3.4 2.3 -0.8 -4.1 1.2 -2.7 -8.4 -4.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 -1.4 0.7 1.2 -0.8 -4.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -1.0 2.4 0.1 1.6 0.1 3.7 -0.3 -0.6 -1.6 0.2 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 -0.028 0.002 0.001 -0.002 0.001 0.001 -0.024 -0.024 -0.003 -0.005 -0.001 0.005 -0.002 -0.021 0.001 -0.002 -0.007 -0.012 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 -0.001 0.000 -0.002 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 -0.001 0.003 Standard error, median price change2 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 1.13 1.54 0.39 0.59 1.11 0.80 0.61 1.13 0.86 0.44 0.54 0.82 1.70 1.03 1.54 1.85 1.38 0.85 2.00 2.05 1.83 1.15 0.68 0.84 1.16 0.98 1.49 1.38 S-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2015 L-Jan.2015 L-Jan.2015 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-Nov.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Nov.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Aug.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Nov.2016 L-Nov.2016 -1.0 -19.4 -0.5 1.1 2.1 0.7 -1.6 0.4 0.6 -1.5 -1.8 0.0 -3.5 -1.4 2.0 0.5 -0.3 -4.0 0.5 -2.5 -4.7 -3.9 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.5 1.4 2.2 1.57 1.49 0.44 0.56 0.93 0.92 0.76 0.72 0.88 1.37 1.26 0.97 0.29 0.74 1.13 1.01 1.32 0.69 1.16 1.76 1.89 1.60 0.73 1.24 0.35 L-Apr.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-May 2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-May 2016 L-Aug.2016 L-Aug.2015 L-Aug.2015 L-Oct.2015 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 L-Jul.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-May 2016 – L-Oct.2012 L-Jul.2016 L-Aug.2016 L-Aug.2016 L-Jul.2012 L-Jul.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 0.0 -4.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.3 1.8 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 -2.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 – 2.8 0.4 2.1 2.6 4.6 0.8 -0.4 -1.4 0.3 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 Soups................................................... . Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods. . . . . . . . . . . Snacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces. . . . . . . . . . . Salt and other seasonings and spices4, 5. . . . . . . . Olives, pickles, relishes4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sauces and gravies4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other condiments5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baby food4.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Other miscellaneous foods4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepared salads6, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food away from home.......................................... . Full service meals and snacks4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Limited service meals and snacks4......................... . Food at employee sites and schools4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food at elementary and secondary schools7, 5. . . . . . . . . Food from vending machines and mobile vendors4. . . . . . . Other food away from home4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.091 0.256 0.327 0.286 1.1 -1.5 -0.1 1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 2.5 1.4 0.6 3.6 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.5 1.8 3.7 0.8 0.001 -0.004 0.000 0.003 Energy................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuel oil and other fuels....................................... . Fuel oil....................................................... . Propane, kerosene, and firewood8....................... . Motor fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline (all types). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded regular5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded midgrade9, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, unleaded premium5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor fuels4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy services10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electricity10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utility (piped) gas service10.................................. . 7.153 3.524 0.197 0.105 0.092 3.328 3.277 0.723 0.601 0.029 0.021 0.008 0.572 0.562 0.051 3.628 2.814 0.814 10.9 19.8 17.2 24.9 9.5 19.9 19.9 20.2 18.0 18.3 24.1 3.4 1.6 10.3 0.010 0.121 0.045 0.077 79.191 19.125 3.170 0.256 0.057 0.053 0.145 0.755 0.263 0.360 0.127 2.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.9 -1.3 -0.4 -0.9 -1.7 -2.6 -1.0 -2.1 1.591 -0.113 -0.049 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 -0.001 -0.013 -0.007 -0.004 -0.003 0.180 0.055 -2.7 -5.3 -4.4 -1.4 -2.9 -5.0 0.8 -2.5 -1.6 -0.005 -0.003 Expenditure category All items less food and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and energy commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . Household furnishings and supplies11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Window and floor coverings and other linens4. . . . . . . . . . Floor coverings4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Window coverings4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other linens4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and bedding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bedroom furniture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture4. . . . . Other furniture4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Infants’ furniture7, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appliances4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Major appliances4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laundry equipment5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other appliances4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other household equipment and furnishings4. . . . . . . . . . . Clocks, lamps, and decorator items................... . Indoor plants and flowers12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dishes and flatware4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonelectric cookware and tableware4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 0.056 0.439 5.780 2.804 2.453 0.198 0.082 0.244 0.122 0.458 0.232 0.104 0.052 0.069 0.001 0.003 0.137 0.072 0.055 0.005 0.003 0.002 -0.002 -0.014 -0.012 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 1.35 0.74 0.73 0.86 1.54 1.96 1.25 1.49 1.36 0.54 1.20 0.12 0.15 0.19 1.39 2.33 0.95 0.39 S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Sep.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Jul.2016 S-Sep.2016 L-Jun.2016 L-Mar.2016 – – S-Jun.2014 S-Dec.2016 – – L-Nov.2016 -0.6 -1.4 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.4 -1.2 3.0 0.6 0.7 3.9 – – 2.2 2.5 – – 0.8 0.13 0.15 0.98 0.51 2.24 0.15 0.15 0.96 1.21 1.12 0.30 0.20 0.24 0.21 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 L-Mar.2014 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 10.8 9.0 15.8 24.8 18.2 9.1 9.1 9.5 9.1 15.1 18.5 2.9 1.0 10.1 0.07 0.19 0.34 1.21 1.53 2.25 1.81 0.90 1.57 1.13 1.61 1.80 1.08 1.27 1.51 1.64 0.90 1.50 1.34 2.13 1.41 S-Nov.2015 S-Dec.2016 L-Mar.2016 L-Oct.2016 S-Sep.2015 S-Jan.2017 L-Dec.2015 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 L-Jan.2016 – L-Jul.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Feb.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Mar.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Sep.2016 2.0 -0.6 -1.3 0.4 -2.4 -1.7 0.3 -2.0 -2.8 -1.2 -1.0 – -2.7 -5.9 -4.9 -0.9 -2.8 -4.5 2.3 -4.2 -2.1 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies4. . . . Tools, hardware and supplies4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outdoor equipment and supplies4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Housekeeping supplies.................................... . Household cleaning products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household paper products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous household products4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel......................................................... . Men’s and boys’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear. . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s furnishings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s shirts and sweaters4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s pants and shorts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boys’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s and girls’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s outerwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s dresses..................................... . Women’s suits and separates4...................... . Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and accessories4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Girls’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men’s footwear........................................... . Boys’ and girls’ footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women’s footwear....................................... . Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry and watches8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Watches8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewelry8................................................... . Transportation commodities less motor fuel11. . . . . . . . . . . . . New vehicles................................................ . New cars and trucks4, 5................................. . New cars5.............................................. . New trucks13, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Used cars and trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle parts and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tires....................................................... . Vehicle accessories other than tires4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires5. . . . . Motor oil, coolant, and fluids5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal drugs11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prescription drugs10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonprescription drugs11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical equipment and supplies11. . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... . Recreation commodities11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video and audio products11............................... . Televisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other video equipment4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audio equipment......................................... . Audio discs, tapes and other media4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets and pet products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 0.670 0.177 0.335 0.852 0.338 0.231 0.282 3.092 0.789 0.638 0.101 0.200 0.181 0.150 0.151 1.245 1.044 0.068 0.152 0.476 -0.7 -1.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 4.0 -0.9 1.7 -1.7 0.0 1.1 1.3 2.1 5.1 -0.3 -0.005 -0.003 -0.001 -0.010 -0.003 -0.002 -0.004 0.021 0.003 0.003 0.004 -0.002 0.003 -0.003 0.000 0.015 0.015 0.002 0.008 -0.001 0.339 0.201 0.679 0.213 0.166 0.300 0.149 0.230 0.082 0.148 6.137 3.687 1.8 0.0 0.1 -0.3 1.3 -0.3 -3.6 3.8 -1.5 6.9 -1.5 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -4.7 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.3 1.4 3.9 4.0 4.7 1.2 1.1 -3.3 -11.8 -18.9 -3.7 -7.5 0.4 -0.2 0.006 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.002 -0.001 -0.006 0.008 -0.001 0.010 -0.094 0.008 1.974 0.382 0.228 0.154 1.858 1.798 1.442 0.357 0.060 1.775 0.213 0.101 0.025 0.058 0.023 0.579 -0.100 -0.001 -0.002 0.001 0.071 0.070 0.066 0.004 0.001 -0.061 -0.029 -0.024 -0.001 -0.005 0.000 -0.001 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.52 0.93 0.66 0.43 0.58 0.91 0.85 0.84 1.63 1.46 4.01 2.73 2.24 2.42 4.33 1.43 1.41 5.83 4.76 1.51 – S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2015 S-Feb.2015 S-Jun.2015 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 L-Aug.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Sep.2016 – -1.7 -0.1 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 1.0 0.1 -3.2 2.1 -6.4 -0.8 -4.1 3.0 1.5 0.3 2.1 3.9 -0.3 2.77 3.55 1.27 2.48 2.83 1.71 2.64 4.61 3.45 7.24 0.15 0.24 0.36 0.42 0.40 0.09 0.51 0.71 0.62 0.76 1.12 0.67 0.70 0.86 0.88 1.06 0.44 1.09 1.79 1.69 1.53 2.71 0.66 L-Nov.2016 L-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Nov.2016 S-EVER S-Nov.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jun.2016 S-Aug.2009 L-Oct.2016 L-Oct.2016 L-Aug.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-May 2015 S-Jul.2016 S-Jul.2016 S-Jul.2016 L-Oct.2012 L-Apr.2013 – L-Jul.2016 L-May 2016 S-Sep.2016 S-Nov.2016 L-May 2016 S-Jun.2016 2.6 0.5 0.9 0.2 2.5 0.5 -6.7 4.3 5.4 8.8 – 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -5.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.3 1.4 3.3 3.4 4.7 1.3 1.6 – -11.6 -17.5 -4.5 -8.0 1.3 -0.5 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category Pet food4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories4, 5. . . . . . Sporting goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sports vehicles including bicycles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sports equipment........................................ . Photographic equipment and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Film and photographic supplies4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photographic equipment4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational reading materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newspapers and magazines4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreational books4..................................... . Other recreational goods4................................. . Toys....... ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toys, games,4 hobbies and playground equipment , 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sewing machines, fabric and supplies4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Music instruments and accessories4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication commodities11. . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational books and supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . College textbooks14, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information technology commodities11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal computers and peripheral equipment6. . . . . Computer software and accessories4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telephone hardware, calculators, and other consumer information items4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home. . . . . . . . Distilled spirits at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whiskey at home5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home5. . . . . . Wine at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcoholic beverages away from home................... . Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from 4 home , 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wine away from home4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distilled spirits away from home4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other goods11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco and smoking products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cigarettes4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco products other than cigarettes4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal care products.................................... . Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal care products4......................................... . Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and implements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous personal goods4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap5. . . . . . . . . . . . . Infants’ equipment7, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less energy services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shelter.......................................................... . Rent of shelter15............................................ . Rent of primary residence10............................ . Lodging away from home4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 0.427 0.225 0.193 0.039 -0.2 -0.5 -1.5 0.1 -3.4 5.6 0.150 0.088 0.061 0.367 0.295 5.7 1.3 2.7 -0.5 -7.1 -8.3 0.025 0.034 0.610 0.163 0.446 0.271 0.085 0.090 0.948 0.583 0.268 0.073 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 -6.9 -2.5 -0.3 -2.7 6.0 7.6 -5.5 -5.4 -7.4 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change -0.007 0.000 -0.007 0.002 0.71 1.52 1.01 1.94 1.27 1.92 S-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 S-Jan.2017 L-Jun.1989 -0.3 0.4 -1.6 -0.3 -4.2 5.9 0.002 0.002 0.000 -0.028 -0.027 1.84 1.45 1.35 2.83 1.01 1.25 L-EVER L-Feb.2016 S-Nov.2016 L-Aug.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 – 2.4 1.1 0.8 -7.4 -8.7 1.29 2.11 1.23 0.71 1.24 1.59 0.82 0.96 2.42 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2016 S-Dec.2015 S-Jan.2017 L-Nov.2016 L-Mar.2013 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Jul.2016 -7.0 -2.9 -0.9 -2.7 6.0 7.8 -6.6 -5.7 -5.3 -0.002 0.008 1.62 0.33 0.47 0.56 0.90 0.95 0.69 0.78 0.39 S-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 – L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 L-Jan.2017 – -4.2 1.2 0.6 – 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.5 – L-May 2011 S-Jan.2017 S-Nov.2014 S-Aug.2011 L-Dec.2016 L-May 2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Sep.2015 3.1 1.8 1.5 0.1 3.6 3.7 2.8 -1.3 -0.001 0.000 -0.017 0.009 -0.026 -0.016 -0.007 0.242 0.365 -4.1 1.1 0.4 1.6 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.6 2.3 1.536 0.660 0.597 0.046 0.694 3.0 1.8 1.8 0.4 3.6 3.7 2.8 -1.2 0.006 0.024 0.022 0.001 -0.009 0.61 0.55 0.79 0.36 0.24 0.25 0.90 0.65 0.371 -0.4 -0.001 0.84 L-Jan.2017 -0.4 0.316 0.182 -2.2 -4.5 -0.2 -8.4 2.9 3.5 3.5 3.9 0.4 -0.007 -0.009 0.99 1.36 1.36 2.23 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.13 1.64 S-EVER S-Aug.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2015 – S-Sep.2016 – S-Oct.2013 – -5.1 -0.9 -7.3 2.9 – 3.5 – -1.8 60.066 33.561 33.221 7.843 0.910 -0.004 0.011 0.003 0.004 0.000 1.704 1.148 1.148 0.300 0.004 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category Housing at school, excluding board10, 15. . . . . . . . . . . Other lodging away from home including hotels and motels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of residences10, 15. . . . . . . . . . . Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence10, 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tenants’ and household insurance4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water and sewer and trash collection services4. . . . . . . . Water and sewerage maintenance10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garbage and trash collection13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household operations4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domestic services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gardening and lawncare services4.................... . Moving, storage, freight expense4..................... . Repair of household items4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physicians’ services10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dental services10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eyeglasses and eye care8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services by other medical professionals10, 8. . . . . . . Hospital and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital services10, 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inpatient hospital services10, 16, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient hospital services10, 8, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing homes and adult day services10, 16. . . . . . . Care of invalids and elderly at home7.............. . Health insurance7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation services.................................... . Leased cars and trucks14............................... . Car and truck rental4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and repair................ . Motor vehicle body work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing. . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle repair4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle fees4...................................... . State motor vehicle registration and license 10 fees , 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parking and other fees4.............................. . Parking fees and tolls4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile service clubs4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Airline fares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intercity transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercity bus fare6, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercity train fare6, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ship fare4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intracity transportation................................ . Intracity mass transit11, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation services11...................................... . Video and audio services11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable and satellite television and radio service13............................................. . See footnotes at end of table. Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 0.120 3.0 0.004 0.26 0.790 24.468 0.0 3.5 0.000 0.844 1.97 0.08 S-Jul.2016 – 0.0 – 23.348 0.340 1.174 0.889 0.286 0.849 0.281 0.282 0.113 0.089 6.697 3.147 1.699 0.813 0.321 0.315 2.539 2.268 3.5 0.1 3.6 4.1 2.1 2.5 1.7 3.5 -0.4 5.1 3.4 2.5 3.0 2.1 0.0 3.3 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.8 3.2 -0.1 3.3 3.8 -1.4 -4.4 2.1 2.7 2.0 2.1 8.1 1.6 0.807 0.000 0.042 0.036 0.006 0.021 0.005 0.010 0.000 0.005 0.223 0.078 0.051 0.017 0.000 0.010 0.111 0.105 0.08 0.60 0.42 0.55 0.26 1.96 0.35 0.50 12.29 0.91 0.31 0.40 0.70 0.45 0.81 0.68 0.34 0.40 0.80 1.07 0.39 0.66 0.36 0.28 1.21 3.47 0.41 0.58 0.63 0.51 0.49 0.48 – L-Nov.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 – – L-Jan.2015 L-Sep.2015 S-Mar.2013 L-Jun.2015 – S-Apr.2016 S-Jun.2016 L-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2015 L-Jan.2009 L-Sep.2016 L-Sep.2016 L-Jan.2017 L-May 2015 S-Feb.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Oct.2015 L-Jul.2010 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2016 S-Dec.2016 – S-Dec.2016 S-Oct.2016 L-Jun.2003 – – 0.4 3.4 3.9 – – 1.7 3.9 -0.8 5.3 – 2.3 3.0 2.1 -0.6 3.8 5.6 6.0 4.6 5.3 3.2 -0.5 3.0 3.9 -3.0 -7.8 1.8 – 1.5 1.7 8.9 – S-Dec.2016 S-Oct.2016 – – L-Apr.2016 L-Apr.2016 S-Dec.2016 – L-Jan.2017 S-Jul.2015 – L-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 1.3 0.9 – – 1.1 0.4 1.9 – 8.8 0.1 – 1.1 3.4 4.2 S-Dec.2016 4.7 0.194 0.076 1.011 5.941 0.548 0.097 1.162 0.057 0.674 0.389 2.501 0.525 0.282 0.232 3.925 1.660 6.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 3.5 4.6 0.135 0.076 0.76 0.44 0.68 0.42 0.66 0.98 1.76 1.86 1.38 3.01 0.33 0.87 0.33 0.36 1.558 5.1 0.078 0.34 1.109 0.654 0.174 0.278 1.7 1.3 2.6 -5.8 0.6 0.0 2.3 0.006 0.000 0.033 0.221 -0.008 -0.005 0.024 0.002 0.013 0.008 0.194 0.008 0.005 0.003 0.007 0.000 0.004 0.003 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change – – Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category Video discs and other media, including rental of video and audio4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video discs and other media4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental of4 video or audio discs and other media , 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet services including veterinary4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pet services4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Veterinarian services4, 5.............................. . Photographers and film processing4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photographer fees4, 5................................. . Film processing4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other recreation services4.............................. . Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or other organizations, or participant sports fees4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission to movies, theaters, and concerts4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission to sporting events4, 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fees for lessons or instructions8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and communication services11............... . Tuition, other school fees, and childcare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . College tuition and fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . . . Child care and nursery school12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technical and business school tuition and fees4.. . Postage and delivery services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Postage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delivery services4..................................... . Telephone services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wireless telephone services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land-line telephone services11...................... . Internet services and electronic information providers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other personal services11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Haircuts and other personal care services4. . . . . . . . Miscellaneous personal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... . Funeral expenses8.................................... . Laundry and dry cleaning services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel services other than laundry and dry cleaning4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial services8.................................... . Checking account and other bank services4, 5.. . Tax return preparation and other accounting 4 fees , 5............................................. . Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016-1 Mar. 2017 Standard error, median price change2 0.103 -1.7 -4.0 -0.002 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 2.22 3.50 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 -3.2 -8.6 0.052 0.82 0.50 0.67 0.84 0.81 0.82 1.62 0.56 – S-Dec.2016 S-Sep.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 – S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 – 2.2 1.0 2.3 -0.3 – -0.5 2.4 0.013 0.023 0.74 1.22 S-Oct.2016 S-Jan.2017 1.9 2.5 S-Jan.2015 L-Jan.2016 L-Feb.2016 S-EVER S-Nov.2016 S-EVER S-Sep.2016 S-Dec.2016 L-Jan.2013 L-Mar.2016 – L-Aug.2014 S-EVER S-May 2001 – 0.2 8.8 3.6 – 2.4 – 3.0 2.9 3.7 2.0 – 4.3 – -12.4 – 1.846 3.8 2.2 1.1 2.4 -0.3 -2.4 -0.1 2.8 0.646 0.651 2.1 3.6 0.223 6.299 3.016 1.784 0.313 0.746 0.042 0.139 0.132 0.007 2.426 1.695 0.731 1.3 8.2 3.2 -2.1 2.4 1.9 3.3 3.1 3.2 1.5 1.3 4.2 -7.8 -11.4 1.1 0.007 -0.138 0.071 0.033 0.010 0.023 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.000 -0.199 -0.207 0.008 1.19 3.44 0.67 0.21 0.17 0.19 0.31 0.34 0.33 0.50 0.53 0.83 0.32 0.43 0.55 0.706 1.620 0.606 0.606 1.014 0.246 0.144 0.266 -1.7 3.2 1.9 1.9 4.0 5.8 1.9 2.7 -0.012 0.052 0.012 0.012 0.040 0.014 0.003 0.007 1.02 0.33 0.35 0.35 0.47 0.81 0.49 0.54 S-Nov.2015 L-EVER – – L-Oct.2008 – S-Jan.2017 L-Sep.2016 -1.9 – – – 4.6 – 1.7 3.3 0.027 0.233 1.4 5.4 3.7 0.000 0.012 0.44 1.55 2.77 S-Oct.2016 L-Dec.2016 S-Aug.2016 1.4 5.5 3.6 1.45 L-Jun.2015 6.6 0.369 0.048 0.008 0.000 6.5 Special aggregate indexes All items less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less shelter............................................... . All items less food and shelter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less food, shelter, and energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and trucks.............................................................. . See footnotes at end of table. 86.343 66.439 52.783 45.630 2.7 1.8 2.2 1.0 2.314 1.232 1.166 0.443 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.11 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Oct.2015 2.5 1.3 1.7 1.0 43.656 1.2 0.542 0.12 S-Nov.2015 1.2 Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category, March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued [1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted] Twelve Month Expenditure category All items less medical care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All items less energy............................................... . Commodities........................................................ . Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and trucks................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commodities less food and beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less rent of shelter15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services less medical care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durables............................................................. . Nondurables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food and beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurables less food and apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Housing.............................................................. . Education and communication4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education4........................................................ . Communication4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information and information processing4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information technology, hardware and services17. . . . . . . . . Recreation4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video and audio4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets, pet products and services4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Photography4..................................................... . Food and beverages............................................... . Domestically produced farm food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel less footwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuels and utilities................................................... . Household energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New and used motor vehicles4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities and public transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Household furnishings and operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other goods and services......................................... . Personal care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Relative importance Feb. 2017 Unadjusted percent change Mar. 2016Mar. 2017 Unadjusted effect on All Items Mar. 2016Mar. 20171 Standard error, median price change2 91.445 92.847 36.306 2.3 1.8 1.5 2.087 1.658 0.555 17.151 22.649 21.701 63.694 30.473 56.997 9.256 27.050 13.394 12.446 9.354 10.302 42.579 6.908 3.179 3.729 3.590 1.163 5.700 1.874 0.948 0.088 14.605 6.567 11.844 2.413 4.999 3.825 8.555 15.405 14.297 6.399 9.895 4.019 3.156 2.496 -0.1 2.1 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.8 -2.0 2.8 5.2 5.5 7.3 6.7 3.1 -2.2 2.5 -6.0 -6.3 -3.2 1.3 2.5 0.7 2.2 0.5 -1.1 0.4 0.8 3.9 4.0 3.5 4.6 4.9 -1.6 0.5 -0.7 1.8 1.4 -0.014 0.488 0.477 1.826 0.678 1.603 -0.194 0.749 0.683 0.672 0.651 0.662 1.312 -0.155 0.081 -0.236 -0.238 -0.039 0.074 0.046 0.007 0.002 0.078 -0.075 0.049 0.020 0.193 0.151 0.294 0.699 0.692 -0.105 0.049 -0.028 0.058 0.035 Largest (L) or Smallest (S) unadjusted change since:3 Date Percent change 0.06 0.06 0.11 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 1.9 1.8 1.5 0.21 0.16 0.16 0.07 0.12 0.07 0.15 0.13 0.24 0.26 0.17 0.16 0.08 0.19 0.16 0.32 0.33 0.69 0.25 0.33 0.43 0.99 0.09 0.16 0.17 1.01 0.16 0.20 0.29 0.13 0.13 0.19 0.16 0.47 0.26 0.32 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Oct.2016 S-Jun.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-EVER S-Sep.2016 S-EVER S-EVER S-Oct.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 S-Dec.2015 – L-May 2016 L-May 2016 S-EVER S-Dec.2016 S-Jan.2017 S-Jan.2017 – S-Dec.2016 S-Dec.2016 S-Apr.2009 S-Nov.2016 L-Mar.2016 S-Nov.2016 S-Nov.2016 -0.2 0.8 0.7 2.9 2.2 2.8 -2.0 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.9 3.7 3.1 – 2.5 – – -3.5 1.1 2.3 0.4 – 0.7 -0.8 – -0.6 3.6 3.5 – 2.5 2.8 -1.7 0.5 -0.3 1.8 1.4 The ’effect’ of an item category is a measure of that item’s contribution to the All items price change. For example, if the Food index had an effect of 0.40, and the All items index rose 1.2 percent, then the increase in food prices contributed 0.40 / 1.2, or 33.3 percent, to that All items increase. Said another way, had food prices been unchanged for that year the change in the All items index would have been 1.2 percent minus 0.40, or 0.8 percent. Effects can be negative as well. For example, if the effect of food was a negative 0.1, and the All items index rose 0.5 percent, the All items index actually would have been 0.1 percent higher (or 0.6 percent) had food prices been unchanged. Since food prices fell while prices overall were rising, the contribution of food to the All items price change was negative (in this case, -0.1 / 0.5, or minus 20 percent). 2 A statistic’s margin of error is often expressed as its point estimate plus or minus two standard errors. For example, if a CPI category rose 2.6 percent, and its standard error was 0.25 percent, the margin of error on this item’s 12-month percent change would be 2.6 percent, plus or minus 0.5 percent. 3 If the current 12-month percent change is greater than the previous published 12-month percent change, then this column identifies the closest prior month with a 12-month percent change as (L)arge as or (L)arger than the current 12-month change. If the current 12-month percent change is smaller than the previous published 12-month percent change, the most recent month with a change as (S)mall or (S)maller than the current month change is identified. If the current and previous published 12-month percent changes are equal, a dash will appear. Standard numerical comparison is used. For example, 2.0% is greater than 0.6%, -4.4% is less than -2.0%, and -2.0% is less than 0.0%. Note that a (L)arger change can be a smaller decline, for example, a -0.2% change is larger than a -0.4% change, but still represents a decline in the price index. Likewise, (S)maller changes can be increases, for example, a 0.6% change is smaller than 0.8%, but still represents an increase in the price index. In this context, a -0.2% change is considered to be smaller than a 0.0% change. 4 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. Special indexes based on a substantially smaller sample. These series do not contribute to the all items index aggregation and therefore do not have a relative importance or effect. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. 7 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base. 8 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 9 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base. 10 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 11 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 12 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 15 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 16 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 17 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. 5
@FedFRASER